THE JOURNAL OF HISPANIC AND LUSOPHONE WHITENESS STUDIES (HLWS) is an open access, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal and is published annually. HLWS accepts submissions year-round on a rolling basis. The Journal promotes the research on non-Anglocentric Studies of Whiteness in the Lusophone, Hispanic (Iberian, Latin American, Caribbean, U.S. Latino/a, Afro-Hispanic Studies, including North African, the Western Saharan and Equatorial Guinean) cultural productions from any period.
Contributions are requested for the special issue 45.1 of Revista de Estudios de Genero y sexualidad (before Letras femeninas) for 2019. This issue will delve into the representation of female disability, based on the artistic and cultural production carried out by women from a transhistorical perspective that encompasses both sides of the Atlantic. Priority will be given to research proposals that study how, in the different periods and cultures of Luso-Hispanics, creative women with and without disabilities have approached the topic of disability, as well as how it has been stigmatized and abused by the patriarchal society.
Inspired by Teresia Teaiwa's definition of "militourism" as a "phenomenon by which a military or paramilitary force ensures the running of a tourist industry, and that same tourist industry masks the military force behind it," this panel seeks to consider practices of "militourism" in a long historical context by soliciting papers with critical approaches to militarization, travel, and tourism from antiquity to the present day. We invite papers that engage questions of conquest, colonization, and empire; battlefield/memorial tourism; memoirs by soldiers, soldiers' wives, and support staff; the intersections of military and tourist industries.
Lorraine López is a powerful emerging voice in Latinx literature. She has published six books of fiction, including Soy la Avon Lady (winner of the inaugural Miguel Mármol prize for fiction) and Call Me Henri (awarded the Paterson Prize for Young Adult Literature), and she has edited or coedited three essay collections. Her work reflects a variety of concerns, specifically regarding the complex cultural practices of Mexican American communities; it confronts issues of identity and representation, gender, sexuality, class, race, culture, and place, among others. Yet, despite her popular success, there is very little scholarship that exists on her work.
Marilynne Robinson has written widely-acclaimed novels and essays that explore the relationship between religion and culture. Marilynne Robinson Society at the 2019 American Literature Association (ALA) Conference is soliticing proposals that examine how recent developments in post-secular studies can illuminate Robinson's religious vision. Jurgen Habermas, Talal Asad, Charles Taylor, Jared Hickman, Tracy Fessensden, among other scholars, have led us to reconsider the secularization thesis and the ways in which it has shaped narratives of modernity. We ask how Robinson's investigation of faith is especially relevant to the growing field of postsecular studies.


text:
package service

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/lastbackend/lastbackend/internal/pkg/models"
	"github.com/lastbackend/lastbackend/internal/pkg/storage"
	"github.com/lastbackend/lastbackend/tools/log"
)

const (
	logEventPrefix = "distribution:events"
)

type Event struct {
	context context.Context
	storage storage.IStorage
}

func (e *Event) Runtime() (*models.System, error) {

	log.Debugf("%s:get:> get events runtime info", logEventPrefix)
	runtime, err := e.storage.Info(e.context, e.storage.Collection().Root(), "")
	if err != nil {
		log.Errorf("%s:get:> get runtime info error: %s", logEventPrefix, err)
		return &runtime.System, err
	}
	return &runtime.System, nil
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Concurrent Technologies Plc
Next generation 3U VPX™ board featuring newly launched processor
Concurrent Technologies Plc (the "Company"), a world leading specialist in the design and manufacture of high-end embedded computer products for critical applications in the defence, aerospace, telecommunications, transportation, scientific and industrial markets, is pleased to announce the launch of their first single board computer, a TR E5x/msd, based on the new Intel® Xeon® processor E3 family.
The TR E5x/msd features a quad core Intel® Xeon® processor with up to 16 Gbytes of DRAM and a rich assortment of I/O interfaces. With further improved processing and graphics performance and a wider range of configuration options than previous products, the TR E5x/msd is particularly suited to high-end multi-processor applications such as Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance applications within the defence market which is an important contributor to the Company's revenues. The product is expected to appeal to both existing and new customers within the defence market as well as the aerospace and transportation markets.
Initial shipments of air-cooled variants will be followed by rugged conduction-cooled modules, once the necessary qualifications are complete, ensuring this product will appeal to applications within both benign and harsh environments.
Glen Fawcett, CEO, Concurrent Technologies Plc, commented:
"We are excited to introduce our first new generation Intel® Xeon® processor based board. We are committed to delivering high quality embedded computers utilising the latest processors from Intel to advance our Size, Weight and Power (SWAP) propositions. The VPX form-factor is a popular choice and the new board complements our existing range of processor boards, switches, mass storage, I/O expansion carriers and development systems to provide a straightforward path from prototype to deployment."
Glen Fawcett, CEO-
Newgate (Financial PR)
Tim Thompson –
Robyn McConnachie –
Cenkos Securities Plc (NOMAD)
Neil Mcdonald –
Nick Tulloch –
About Concurrent Technologies Plc
Concurrent Technologies Plc develops and manufactures high-end embedded computer products for use in a wide range of high performance applications within the telecommunications, defence, security, telemetry, scientific and aerospace markets. Using mainly Intel® processors, including the latest generation Intel® Core™ i7 processors, Intel® Xeon® and Intel® Atom™ processors, the Company offers a wide range of computer products which are designed to be compliant with industry specifications including those for products used in extremely harsh environments. Other processors now include NVIDIA® Tegra® K1 devices.
For more information on Concurrent Technologies Plc and its products please visit www.gocct.com.
All trademarks, registered trademarks and trade names used in this announcement are the property of their respective owners.
AGM Voting Results
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Nigeria's chief justice Walter Onnoghen was absent Tuesday at a tribunal where he is facing allegations of violating a code of conduct mandating public officers to declare their assets when they take.
Onnoghen was absent when his case was first brought before the Umar-Danladi-led tribunal last week.
His lead counsel Wole Olanipeku (SAN) argued that the chief justice could not have appeared before the tribunal since he has not been served the necessary papers.
The tribunal then ordered that the papers be served on Onnoghen before today.


text:
**Sponsored by ADVANCE DIGITAL. Find your Python web job at [http://python.advance.net/](http://python.advance.net/)**

**Brian #1:** [**Grok the GIL** - **How to write fast and thread-safe Python**](https://opensource.com/article/17/4/grok-gil)

- A. Jesse Jiryu Davis teaches us about the GIL, and how to use that knowledge to decide between threads and processes for parallelism.
- From the article:
  - The GIL's effect on the threads in your program is simple enough that you can write the principle on the back of your hand: "One thread runs Python, while N others sleep or await I/O."
- Discusses and Cooperative multitasking and Preemptive multitasking
- When can a Python process be interrupted? (between bytecodes)
- When do you need to use thread protection? (less than you think)
- *A. Jesse Jiryu Davis will be speaking at* [*PyCon 2017*](https://us.pycon.org/2017/)*, which will be held May 17-25 in Portland, Oregon. Catch his talk,* [*Grok the GIL: Write Fast and Thread-Safe Python*](https://us.pycon.org/2017/schedule/presentation/320/)*, on Friday, May 19.*

**Michael #2:** [**The New NBA by Mark Cuban**](https://twitter.com/mcuban/status/846781342083923969)

- Introduction to machine learning in Python & Jupyter notebooks
- Mark Cuban using Python and ML to play with his NBA team
- "We have a team at the Mavs but I need to know it to help define strategy and make decisions"

**Brian #3:** [**Ian Cordasco gets a Community Service Award from PSF**](http://pyfound.blogspot.com/2017/04/the-ego-less-developer-community.html)

- Ian was on [Test & Code, episode 13](http://testandcode.com/13), talking about Betamax
- From the announcement:
  - Ian Cordasco has been the PSF's Election Administrator since 2015, volunteering his efforts for this important role.
  - Cordasco frequently mentors newer coders and supports their Python endeavors.
  - The Python Software Foundation award the 2017 Q1 Community Service Award to Ian Cordasco for his contributions to PSF elections and active mentoring of women in Python community.
  - Cordasco has a history of going out of his way to support and encourage female developers. When [Carol Willing](https://twitter.com/WillingCarol), a developer for the Jupyter project, wanted to work on the Requests library, she got in touch with Cordasco. "We worked together on the project and my first commit to the Requests library got accepted!" Cordasco later wrote a fantastic post about it on his [blog](http://www.coglib.com/~icordasc/blog/2014/11/sending-json-in-requests.html).

**Sponsored by ADVANCE DIGITAL**

- They have a small team of developers who work in an agile/devops environment– you will make an impact with your work quickly
- They are mostly a python shop, but there is an opportunity to introduce and run other technologies at scale
- They fund employee development and conference attendance
- They are located in beautiful Jersey City, one stop from Manhattan on the PATH
- They are one of the 10 largest news sites by traffic in the US
- Apply at **[http://python.advance.net/](http://python.advance.net/)**

**Michael #4:** [**Release of IPython 6.0**](https://blog.jupyter.org/2017/04/19/release-of-ipython-6-0/)

- by Matthias Bussonnier
- IPython goes Python 3 only
- Our personal experience writing Python3-only source code.
  - The size of the IPython codebase has decreased by about 1500 lines of Python code relative to the last release. Of course, that's not solely due to the removal of Python 2 support, but a non-negligible amount is.
  - even more remarkable in light of completely new features that required adding hundreds of lines of code
  - This change eases the burden on contributors to IPython. Contributors can can spend less time thinking "what about Python 2", or rewriting a pull request because the Python 2 test suite fails.
  - At the same time, our tests now complete more quickly on continuous integration services because they need to run on fewer versions of Python.
  - From a developer point of view we are extremely pleased with having the possibility to write Python3-only code, and are looking forward to even more improvements like [pathlib](https://docs.python.org/3/library/pathlib.html).
  - We hope you will enjoy this release. It will be the base for some awesome features, like async/await REPL.

**Brian #5:** [**Testing & Packaging**](https://hynek.me/articles/testing-packaging/)

- Hynek Schlawack describes why he was convinced to use a src directory in package distributions he works on.
- Just use a src dir (of course it doesn't have to be exactly "src" but that's the convention and it should be different than your package name), it will make your life easier.
- Without it, it is easy to think you are testing an installed package, but you're really testing the modules before install. These can be different. Better to test as close to how your users will see the package as possible, and using a src dir helps that.

**Michael #6:** [**AWS Lambda adds Python 3.6 support**](https://aws.amazon.com/releasenotes/5198208415517126)

- AWS Lambda is a compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers.
- AWS Lambda executes your code only when needed and scales automatically, from a few requests per day to thousands per second.
- You pay only for the compute time you consume - there is no charge when your code is not running.
- You can also build [serverless](https://aws.amazon.com/serverless) applications composed of functions that are triggered by events and automatically deploy them using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild.
- Already good things cometh: [Zappa has Python 3 support](https://github.com/Miserlou/Zappa/issues/793).


The Wild didn't play great Thursday night. They had few Grade-A scoring chances. They allowed a few Grade-A scoring chances. And they made some head-scratching plays, like when Jonas Brodin just gave the puck away in the defensive zone on Ben Smith's goal.
But at the end of 65 minutes and six shootout attempts, the Wild walked away with a valuable point.
They've got five games remaining in the regular season and have a five point advantage over both Phoenix and Dallas. Barring a big run from both teams, the Wild will likely be able to get into the playoffs with a 1-3-1 close to the season.
As Mikko Koivu said after the game, you're left with a bitter taste after any loss — even a shootout loss — but the team recognized the importance of earning a point Thursday.
It ups the Wild to five points in the last three games, all on the road and all following the beatdown they received in St. Louis.
They're magic number now, provided I did my math correctly, is six.
So that's the positive. The negative is that we still haven't seen much offensive production without Mikael Granlund and he's out indefinitely. We won't get an update on him until Saturday at the earliest as the Wild will have Friday off.
Without him, the Wild need someone to step up.
At the start of the game, Erik Haula was the second line center between Jason Pominville and Matt Moulson. But coach Mike Yeo swapped Haula and Brodziak early.
I'll have much more on Haula tomorrow. But the bottom line is the Wild need more production from outside the top line. The Wild were just starting to get two lines going when Granlund got hurt. Now either Haula, a rookie, or Kyle Brodziak, a defensive specialist is going to be relied on in a second line center role.
Brodziak gets as good of looks as any player on the Wild. Those great chances come largely because of sound he is positionally and the little things he does. But Brodziak rarely buries those opportunities, even if he is a former 20-goal scorer.
Thursday, he had two great chances — one a virtual breakaway and the other a shot off the post. But neither went in.


Interested in learning more about R and data science? Would you like a chance to get to know other "useRs" in an inclusive, supportive and respectful environment, at a community organized and focused conference?
Please join us at satRday DC on December 8th, at GWU's Jack Morton Auditorium! Registration for students is $25.00 (+ $3.16 fee) and $50.00 (+ $4.67 fee) for professionals. Confirmed speakers at the moment include Katherine Ognyanova (Asst. Professor, Rutgers), David Smith (R Community Lead, Microsoft), Charlie Thompson (Data Scientist, Storyblocks), and Daniel Chen (PhD Student, Virginia Tech).
To register, please visit https://dc2018.satrdays.org/#services.


When you climb as often as I do, it's good to have goals. And I'm not talking about getting to the top of today's peak. That's only a baby goal. I'm talking Goals with a capital G!
You've probably heard of the seven summits (highest peak on each continent), the Colorado 14ers, and the world 8000-meter peaks. In Washington, the grand-daddy of climbing goals is summiting all the peaks on the Bulger List – the 100 highest peaks in the state with 400 feet of prominence. It usually takes a lifetime to complete. There are other lists too – more modest ones like the Snoqualmie Ten, Cascade Classics, Teanaway Peaks, Alpine Lakes Homecourt 100, etc.
Realizing the other day that I had climbed 8 of the 10 peaks on the Snoqualmie Ten list, I decided it was high time to knock off the last two. First up, Denny Mountain! Anyone who's skied at Alpental has been almost to the top of this one. The Eidelweiss Chair takes you to within about 300′ of the summit. In spring, though, you have to hike up under your own power.
With the prospect of bad weather just about everywhere, I joined a group of hearty Mountaineers on Saturday for a murky scramble. (A few hours of snow slogging at the Pass was truly the best option out there. The promise of excellent company elevated it over cleaning the basement.) We departed from the parking lot in good spirits despite the rain.
We followed the Armstrong Express chairlift up the ski slopes, which are now only occupied by the lone skier who is willing to hike for his turns.
Looking back across the valley, we could see four waterfalls under the cloud ceiling. It's easy for people in Washington to take this kind of beauty for granted, but we paused to express appropriate admiration.
The rain let up about half way up the run. Steph and Manisha are all smiles at our first break.
Pretty soon we were climbing up into the clouds.
Sometimes we climb high enough that we climb out of the clouds – like an airplane. It was not to be today.
Stephanie is still smiling though.
The normal route in the summer was a no-go because of the snow cover on downward sloping slabs. Instead, we dropped west into Edelweiss Bowl and hiked past the ski area boundary to the back side of Denny. From there it was a steep traverse to the summit. Manisha did a great job of route finding and step kicking. I solidified the steps and the students followed behind.
Three hours after leaving the parking lot we finally made it to the summit. Of course, the views weren't what we were hoping for.
The way back was about as fun as you could imagine with a bunch of fast glissades back to the parking lot. Woohoo!
Nice pics! I had the hardest time getting Chair & Thompson from the first set.
What was hard about Chair? That's my last peak.
I have done the first 10, and 5 of the 2nd 10. Chair is a choss pile! Good luck!
Mike: I've climbed four of the second 10. Still need to summit Chickamin, Huckleberry, Lundin, Roosevelt, Bryant and Tinkham. What about you?
I think I am at 5 needed – Chickamin, Huckleberry, Bryant, Tinkham, and maybe 1 more. Lets try to knock a couple off this fall. I led Chair pk about 10 yrs ago just to get the 1st 10. Not too hard, just yucky hard to protect choss pile!
I plan to do Chickamin this year with Manisha Powar, and possibly get Peter Heinz to do a private of Huckleberry to complete my 2nd 10.
What are the 10? And 2nd 10?
Snoqualmie First Ten: http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=5033&cid=4868. Snoqualmie Second Ten: http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=5034&cid=4868.
I did Huckleberry and Hawkins on Saturday. Are there 2 Huckleberries?
There are 14 peaks named Huckleberry in Washington.
Marla , I may be stating to obvious, but this Huckleberry is in the Snoqualmie area…. an overnight. Pin #2 is why I wanted Chickamin last year.
Huckleberry can actually be done as a day trip, depending on the route you take. It's a long day – 14 mi RT – but doable!
Oh, wait…I was thinking of Chickamin. Sorry. I don't have good beta on Huckleberry yet.


For the last five trips or so to the Holy Cities, I've always bumped into friends whose visits I had no prior knowledge of. It's gotten to the point where I'm no longer surprised to recognise them, and even expect it to happen.
Today my father and I bumped into a fellow attendee of our local mosque back in London. Despite not being surprised, it was nice to see a familiar face and have someone to share the excitement and memories with.


I try to stay off Facebook, but I've seen a few people post articles or references to the U.S. treatment of immigrants at the border. The discussions that follow are not productive. Television and White House briefings aren't any better. Some anchors and guests are trying to hold informative discussions about a difficult issue, but for the most part they fall quickly into nonsense. The Trump defenders take the cake here, repeating Trump's claim that we are separating children from their parents because of a "Democrat law". Republican White House, Senate, and House, and yet they act as if their hands are tied.
Today's New York Times has a good article by Julie Hirschfield Davis and Michael D. Shear* explaining what led to the current enforcement actions. I liked that the article looked at how the Bush, Obama, and Trump administrations** have approached the issue of illegal immigration.
I thought the most interesting point in the article was that the Trump administration looks at the zero tolerance approach as a deterrent. I think they're kidding themselves. First, the phrase zero tolerance is a clever trick for making an action or actions sound better, in this case tougher. Second, I doubt that families in Central and South America who are contemplating making the brutal and dangerous trek north for better opportunities have perfect information about U.S. immigration policy or would be deterred even if they did. I can't imagine being a parent and having to make that terrible decision. That brings me to my last point. I don't fault Republicans for wanting safe, secure borders and effective policies, but I wish they'd look at the people involved as rational, vulnerable actors making very difficult decisions. That doesn't play to the base very well, though. It's much better to label them as criminals and rapists.
* I wonder why the New York Times includes middle names / initials. Does it always do that? Seems odd.
** I can never remember the rule on whether administration gets capitalized when it's related to a specific administration.


text:
Aliens Issue Statement Asserting That Sex with Them Does Not Spread the Coronavirus
July 30, 2020 Mike Zonta	Leave a comment
By Andy Borowitz July 29, 2020 (NewYorker.com)
Photograph by Martina Badini / Shutterstock
OUTER SPACE (The Borowitz Report)—In a rare public statement by beings from another planet, a group of prominent aliens declared on Wednesday that having sex with them does not spread the coronavirus.
In the statement, which the aliens published on Medium, the space creatures expressed concern that the dissemination of pseudoscience about sex with demons and alien DNA might cause some Earthlings to erroneously conclude that intimate relations with aliens were in some way a health risk.
"We can assure you, based on years of research, that it is perfectly safe for Earthlings to have sex with aliens," the aliens wrote. "In this, as in all matters, it's important to follow the science."
The extraterrestrials added that the coronavirus pandemic had caused them to rethink their planned invasion of the planet Earth, which had been pencilled in for later this year.
The aliens indicated that they would now limit their invasion to places like Canada and New Zealand, but would avoid the United States.
Andy Borowitz is a Times best-selling author and a comedian who has written for The New Yorker since 1998. He writes The Borowitz Report, a satirical column on the news.
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565 Clean Room Silicone offers outstanding adhesion to most substrates including plastics, ceramics and metal. Virtually odourless in application with a slow skinning time making it ideal for long joint runs in larger applications.
EVERFLEX 565 CLEAN ROOM SILICONE is a high modulus, FDA approved, neutral cure, alcoxy, odourless silicone sealant that adheres to a wide range of both porous and non porous surfaces without the need for priming. Conforms to the requirement of ISO11600 F25HM.
Excellent tooling and slow skinning properties for large applications.
Perimeter pointing internally and externally around PVCu /wood and powder coated Aluminium.
Sealing and as an adhesive onto PVCu, plastic trims and components.
Sealing soft metals such as lead, copper and zinc.
Weather sealing and joint sealing to pre-formed panels and curtain walling, glazing sealing and draught proofing.
Glass to glass and glass to aluminium sealing.
Parapet and roof weather sealing applications.
Suitable as an expansion joint sealant.
Bedding and sealing of insulated glass units.


text:
Home Geopolitics Pompeo Says US Prepared to Take Military Action in Venezuela "If That's...
Pompeo Says US Prepared to Take Military Action in Venezuela "If That's What's Required" – Jake Johnson (05/02/2019)
Going a step beyond the "all options are on the table" platitudes consistently parroted by Trump administration officials, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said Wednesday the U.S. is prepared to take military action in Venezuela "if that's what's required."
"The president has been crystal clear and incredibly consistent—military action is possible," Pompeo said in an interview on Fox Business.
Trump administration officials are "trying to do everything we can to avoid violence," Pompeo said, even as the White House expressed unequivocal support for the "military uprising" led by Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guiado.
"In the event that there comes a moment—and we'll all have to make decisions about when that moment is and the president will ultimately have to make that decision—he's prepared to do that if that's what's required," said the Secretary of State.
Jodie Evans, co-founder of the anti-war group CodePink, denounced Pompeo's remarks as an "outrageous threat."
"The team that brought you Iraq seems to thrive on death, destruction, and spending workers' hard earned tax dollars," Evans tweeted.
In an appearance on MSNBC just hours after Pompeo's interview, national security adviser John Bolton echoed many of the Secretary of State's talking points while continuing to make the Orwellian claim that the coup the Trump administration is supporting in Venezuela is somehow not a coup.
"If [Guaido] holds constitutional legitimacy as we believe, trying to take control of the government is not a coup, it's his constitutional obligation," Bolton told MSNBC's Andrea Mitchell. "The coup that we're worried about in Venezuela may have already taken place through the insertion of tens of thousands of Cuban security forces."
As Common Dreams reported, progressive advocacy groups and lawmakers have condemned the Trump administration's support for the attempted coup and urged the U.S. to stop interfering in Venezuela's internal affairs.
"Bolton, Pompeo (and Guaido) say they want a 'peaceful transition,' even while creating chaos in the streets and calling for a military coup," Gerry Condon of Veterans for Peace wrote for Common Dreams on Wednesday. "In recent years, we have been overwhelmed by endless wars on multiple fronts. Will Venezuela be one more such war? No, we say. This will not stand."
THIS ARTICLE ORIGINALLY POSTED HERE.
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Rewarded employees perform better. Celebrate the great moments and the people who made them happen.
Make the training workshop matter. Personalize the course materials with pens, USB flash drives, calculators, and a portfolio to carry the materials in.
Awards programs to inspire and influence behavior. Whether a manager decides to present a team award or when an individual achieves a certain level in an established program, the gift should reflect the importance and the accomplishment.
5, 10, 15, 20 years or more… Your employees are watching how you are rewarding those who have dedicated their time to your company.


text:
Home Entertainment News Mekhi Phifer and Ron Cephas Jones discuss how 'Truth Be Told' introduced them to true-crime podcasting
Mekhi Phifer and Ron Cephas Jones discuss how 'Truth Be Told' introduced them to true-crime podcasting
on August 24, 2021 August 24, 2021 by adminLeave a Comment on Mekhi Phifer and Ron Cephas Jones discuss how 'Truth Be Told' introduced them to true-crime podcasting
Courtesy of Apple TV+
Mekhi Phifer and Ron Cephas Jones had something in common when they took on their roles in the Apple TV+ series Truth Be Told. The two actors admit they both had zero knowledge of the true-crime podcast world.
Jones, who plays the father of true-crime podcaster Poppy, tells ABC Audio that his "new appreciation" for podcasts began when he first started learning about them in season one.
"I didn't have any appreciation at all," he laughs. "It was the beginning of this particular show that…podcasts became something of an interest."
He continues, "I much prefer reading a book than to just listen to somebody talk, or listen to some music. But, I've had a new appreciation for them and now it's just about trying to find the right one that fits me."
Ron's co-star Mekhi, who plays former detective and Poppy's longtime friend Markus, agrees, noting that he "really [hasn't] listened to many podcasts" either.
"I'm an old school cat," Phifer explains. "So when I'm in the car, I'm listening to The Groove on [satellite radio]. But I see the value in them though."
Although he finds true-crime podcasts valuable from an investigation standpoint, Phifer says he also sees a downside to the popular audio programs.
"I also can see the destruction in them," he says. "Like even with Octavia [Spencer]'s character, [Poppy]. Because of her emotion, she would go off the handle and gives information on her podcasts that affect other people and other people's lives. And people wind up getting killed and it affects their families. So, you really have to have the responsible journalism."
Season two of Truth Be Told is available to stream now on Apple TV+.
Melissa Joan Hart "doing much better" after revealing COVID-19 diagnosis
'Buffy' star Nicholas Brendon arrested for illegal prescription drug possession
Julianna Margulies addresses playing a lesbian on 'The Morning Show'
Tom Hanks, Tina Fey join Paul Rudd for audience-free 'SNL' Christmas show
'Harry Potter' Reunion Special drops first look featuring Daniel Radcliffe, Emma Watson, Rupert Grint
Cardi B remembers her reaction to appearing with Vin Diesel in 'F9': "I was scared"
'The Bachelor', by the numbers, and for the right reasons
Despite this year's challenges, Ryan Seacrest says 'New Year's Rockin' Eve' will rock on: "The show is always going to happen"


His & Hers Stainless Steel Heart CZ Wedding Ring Set – Factors similar to metallic type, type and additionally measurements really are thing decision-making process. One more matter families think about with the purchase of marriage rings is amount as they are quite often spending money on lots upon several other wedding necessities. Piece of content offer an evaluation for a number of decisions that will enter in to enjoy in choosing the most perfect wedding band.


text:
New Aviation Scholarship Honors Former School D...
Organizational Leadership Student Helps Others ...
OU Extended Campus Online Programs Make U.S. News Top 10 Once Again
OU Extended Campus continues to be recognized nationally for being one of the top colleges in the nation to earn an online degree.
U.S. News & World Report unveiled its "2020 Best Online Programs" list Jan. 14, and OU Extended Campus landed in the Top 10 for the fourth consecutive year.
"The competition is fierce, and remaining in the Top 10 for multiple ranking areas is acknowledgement of the high caliber of our online programs." - Martha Banz, interim dean and associate provost, OU Extended Campus
The list, an analysis of U.S. higher education options for nontraditional learners, named OU Extended Campus No. 7 among best online bachelor's programs for 2020 and No. 8 among best online graduate criminal justice programs, both up one spot from last year.
OU Extended Campus was also ranked No. 5 for best online programs for veterans, and the Master of Science in Criminal Justice ranked No. 6 for best online graduate criminal justice programs for veterans, also up one spot from last year.
Martha Banz, interim dean and associate provost for OU Extended Campus, said being ranked in the Top 10 for the fifth consecutive year is testament to the quality of OU Extended Campus programs.
"The competition is fierce, and remaining in the Top 10 for multiple ranking areas is acknowledgement of the high caliber of our online programs," Banz said. "Making an OU education accessible to nontraditional students has been central to our college's mission for more than 50 years, and this designation is a profound tribute to the dedication of our faculty and staff."
To help nontraditional students in their college search, this year's list ranked U.S. online degree programs based on factors unique to working adults, including student engagement, faculty credentials and training, technology and services, and expert opinion. More than 1,600 online degree programs across varying disciplines were evaluated – an all-time high.
In addition to the OU Extended Campus programs, OU ranked No. 55 for Best Online Master's Business Programs (non-MBA), moving up from last year's No. 70 ranking, and the OU Health Sciences Center ranked No. 66 for Best Online Master's in Nursing Programs.
OU Extended Campus has been bringing the excellence of OU's academic and credit-related programs to nontraditional students, including service members, veterans and their families since 1961. Because of these high-quality programs, OU Extended Campus has become internationally recognized in higher education for meeting the needs of adult learners.
See a full list of programs that ranked in the 2020 U.S. News & World Report Best Online Programs list by visiting the website www.usnews.com/education/online-education.
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We all are exposed through air, food, drinks and skin contacts to harmful compounds throughout the period of our lifetime, including, a variety of pharmaceuticals and food-derived carcinogen metabolite (e.g. N-acetoxy-PhIP), , plant toxins (such as glycoalkaloids in nightshades -, cyanogenic glucosides  -, or pyrrolizidine alkaloids in some herbs and herbal teas), xenobiotics - producing during early human pregnancy, fungal and bacterial toxins such as aflatoxins -; and cyanotoxin -; as well as free radicals and hydroperoxides. Many of these compounds are lipophilic and the organism can get rid of them only through metabolism.
Biotransformation has been conveniently categorized into three distinct phases, which act in a tightly integrated manner. Phases I and II enzymes catalyze the conversion of a lipophilic, non-polar xenobiotic into a more water-soluble and therefore less toxic metabolite, which can then be more easily excreted from the body. Phase I biotransformation seems to be enzymes that catalyzes oxidation, reduction or hydrolyze reactions, it usually converts substrates to more polar forms by introducing or unmasking a functional group (e.g., —OH, —NH2, or —SH). Phase I consist primarily of microsomal enzymes, which are found abundantly in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, lung and kidney, consisting of families and subfamilies of enzymes that are classified based on their amino acid sequence identities or similarities. . Many of the enzymes like monooxygenases are found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, but others such as the dehydrogenases for example alcohol dehydrogenases and peroxidases located in the cytoplasm, while still others such as monoamine oxidase are localized in mitochondria. Monooxygenases are also known as mixed function oxidases because in a typical reaction, one molecule of oxygen is consumed (reduced) per substrate molecule: one oxygen atom appearing in the product and the other in a molecule of water. The reaction scope of monooxygenases includes heteroatom oxidation, aromatic and aliphatic hydroxylation, epoxidation, and Baeyer-Villiger oxidation. There are two major types of microsomal monooxygenase, both of which require NADPH as an external reductant: the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system and flavin-containing monooxygenases. The mechanism of CYP is a complex cascade of individual steps involving the interaction of protein redox partners and consumption of reducing equivalents, usually in the form of NADPH. The iron heme containing enzyme, CYP, consists of two enzymes: NADPH–cytochrome P450 reductase and CYP. It is involved in the oxidative metabolism of many endogenous substances such as steroids and bile acids, as well as the detoxication of a wide variety of xenobiotics. It can oxidize AFB1 to several products. Only one of these, the 8,9-exo-epoxide, appears to be mutagenic and the others are detoxification products. P4503A4, which can both activate and detoxicate AFB1, is found in the liver and the small intestine. , . Flavincontaining monooxygenases catalyze an NADPH- and an oxygen-requiring oxidation of substances (primarily xenobiotics) bearing functional groups containing nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus. The properties of the CYPs electron transport systems have also been reported .
In detoxification pathway, a series of enzyme-catalyzed processes with broad specificities convert the toxic substances into less toxic metabolites by chemical reactions within the body. Although biotransformation reactions take place within cytoplasm and mitochondria but they mostly happen within endoplasmic reticulum (E.R). Cell types also differ in their biotransforming potential for example cells located near the major points of xenobiotic entry into the body such as liver, lung, and intestine possess greater concentrations of biotransforming enzymes than others .
Phase II conjugation reactions which generally act follow phase I activation consists of reactions in which metabolites containing appropriate functional groups are conjugated with substances such as glucuronate, glutamate, sulfate, reduced glutathione or uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronic acid to finally discharge them through urine or bile. In general, conjugation dramatically improves solubility, which then promotes rapid excretion. Among the several types of conjugation reactions which are present in the body, including glucuronidation, sulfation, and glutathione and amino acid conjugation, glutathione which is catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases, is the major phase II reaction in many species . With the exception of acetylation, methylation and fatty acid conjugation, the strategy of phase II biotransformation is to convert a xenobiotic to a more hydrophilic form via the attachment of a chemical moiety which is ionizable at physiological pH. This metabolic transformation also results in reduced affinity of the compound for its cellular target. , .
In animals, elimination of the soluble compounds from cells and excretion of biotransformed molecules from the body referred to as phase III. It has been suggested that the phase III of detoxification system to be called antiporter activity. Antiporter activity is an important factor in the first pass metabolism of pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics. The antiporter is an energy-dependent efflux pump, which pumps xenobiotics out of a cell, thereby decreasing the intracellular concentration of xenobiotics. In eukaryotic organisms, they are actively excreted or compartmentalized in the vacuole by ATP-dependent GS-X pumps , . Indeed, as the glutathionylated moiety is hydrophilic, the conjugate cannot usually simply re-diffuse back into the cell . Antiporter activity in the intestine appears to be co-regulated with intestinal phase I CYP3A4 enzyme. This observation suggests the antiporter may support and promote detoxification. Possibly, its function of pumping non-metabolized xenobiotics out of the cell and back into the intestinal lumen, may allow more opportunities for phase I activity to metabolize the xenobiotic before it is taken into circulation. Although, most literature on detoxification refers to liver enzymes, as the liver is the site of the majority of detoxification activity for both endogenous and exogenous compounds, however, the first contact the body with the majority of xenobiotics take places in the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal mucosa possesses enzyme systems capable of various types of biotransformation of xenobiotics . Among the detoxification pathways, glutathione conjugation pathway is the prominent route of AFB1 inactivation in liver of mammalians. Depending on the availability of cellular GSH and the activation of glutathione S-transferase subclasses, detoxification of AFB1 is facilitated .
Glutathione is a ubiquitous thiol-containing isotripeptide (γ-glu-cys-gly, FW 307.3), consisting of glycine, glutamic acid and cysteine molecules which was first discovered by Sir Fredrick Gowland Hopkins in 1920s, synthesized de novo in mammalian cells (Figure 1). This water soluble antioxidant compound is an unusual peptide in that the peptide bond between the glutamate residue and the cysteine residue is formed with the γ-carboxylate group of the former rather than the α-carboxylate group. Today along with β-carotene, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and flavonoids etc., GSH - is commonly referred to as an antioxidant , which neutralizes free radicals due to the high electron-donating capacity of its sulfydryl (-SH) group, , and prevents damage to important cellular components, implicates in the cellular defense against xenobiotics. Glutathione status is a highly sensitive indicator of cell functionality and viability. Its levels in human tissues normally range from 0.1 to 10 mM, being most focused in liver (up to 10 mM) and in the spleen, kidney, lens, erythrocytes and leukocytes and its emptying be joined to a variety of diseases. Under normal conditions, glutathione is predominantly present in its reduced form, with only a small proportion present in its fully oxidized state .
Moreover, the GSH/GSSG - pair with their high reduction potential participates in maintaining other cellular thiol in a reduced state. Finally, GSH tends to a substrate or cofactor in some of GSH linked enzymes. There are a number of GSH linked enzymes that are involved in cellular protection against toxic substances. The glyoxalase I and II which are responsible for catalyzing the conversion of methylglyoxal (a by-product in glycolysis) to lactic acid are among these enzymes . Glutathione reductase (GR) which catalyzes the reduction of GSSG using NADPH as a reductant is also a glutathione-linked enzyme involved in cell protection. GR is important to keep the high cellular reductive potential. Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase are other GSH-linked enzymes that catalyze the reduction of peroxides using GSH as the reducing agent . Finally, last but not the least, glutathione transferases are also GSH dependent enzymes with many properties among which catalyzing the conjugation of GSH to various electrophilic compounds is one of the most investigated function .
Glutathione S-transferases (GST, EC 2.5.1.18), which first discovered as enzymes in 1961 , are abundant proteins encoded by a highly divergent, ancient gene family. These major cellular detoxification enzymes present mostly in liver and kidney as well as intestine. In spite of 40 years of research the exact function of this protein is more complex than ever, but it has been found that these intracellular dimeric proteins, play a major role in the intracellular transport of endogenous compounds, metabolizes various electrophilic xenobiotics, ligand transport and thus protects cells against toxic effects , , . GST catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione on the sulfur atom of cysteine to various electrophiles and catalyses the conjugation of various electrophiles with GSH, detoxifying both exogenously and endogenously derived toxic compounds .
The superfamily of the glutathione transferases are divided into at least four major families of proteins, namely cytosolic or soluble GSTs, mitochondrial GSTs, microsomal GSTs and bacterial fosfomycin-resistance proteins , , . The cytosolic GSTs (cGSTs) have been subgrouped into numerous divergent classes on the basis of their chemical, physical and structural properties , . The mitochondrial GSTs, also known as kappa class GSTs, are soluble enzymes that have been characterized in eukaryotes . The third GST family comprises membrane-bound transferases called membrane-associated proteins involved in ecosanoid and glutathione metabolism, but these bear no similarity to soluble GSTs . Representatives of all three families are also present in prokaryotes but the fourth family is found exclusively in bacteria . The mammalian soluble GSTs are so far divided into eight classes based on their amino acid sequences including: Alpha (α), Kappa (κ), Mu (µ), Omega (ω), Pi (π), Sigma (σ), Theta (θ) and Zeta (ζ), , , , . GSTs are named using a letter corresponding to their class membership and Arabic numerals after the subunit composition (e.g. GST A1-1 is a homodimeric alpha class GST consisting of two subunit 1).
For a long time, GST enzymes from microbial sources were neglected and were not systematically studied. One of the reasons for this was the poor activity of microbial GSTs with CDNB - as a model substrate for GST activity, which led to the conclusion that these enzymes are rare in unicellular organisms , . The first evidence for the presence of GSTs in bacteria was reported more 30 years ago by Takashi Shishido who showed the presence of GST activity in a strain of Escherichia coli . Since then, GSTs have been found to be broadly distributed in aerobic prokaryotes, but not in anaerobic bacteria . The absence of the enzyme in these microorganisms is consistent with the lack of GSH . Bacterial glutathione transferases are part of a superfamily of enzymes that play a key role in cellular detoxification. Bacterial GSTs are implicated in a variety of distinct processes such as the biodegradation of xenobiotics, protection against chemical and oxidative stresses and antimicrobial drug resistance. In addition to their role in detoxification, bacterial GSTs are also involved in a variety of distinct metabolic processes such as the biotransformation of dichloromethane, the degradation of lignin and atrazine, and the reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol , .
Until recently, relatively little was known about the presence and role of GST in fungi. However, expression of GST has been reported in some fungal species such as Issatchenkia orientalis, , Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Yarrowia lipolytica, Mucor circinelloides  Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigates [Burns et al., 2005] Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Cunninghamella elegans,   etc. However, the role of the enzyme in fungi, particularly toxigenic strains, is not well understood . Although it has been shown that GST has a significant role in detoxification of aflatoxin and there is a possibility that this enzyme catalyses the conjugation of GSH to AFB1- epoxide to excrete its derivatives from the body, in 1988 and for the first time Saxena et al. reported that the relation of cytosolic GSH S-transferases from A..flavus to aflatoxin synthesis. In truth, they showed that in contrast to other cells that GST has a critical function to break down the aflatoxin, in aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp., there is positive correlation between the GST activity and aflatoxin production , factors influencing aflatoxin formation such as growth period, medium etc., always enhanced GST activity in the toxigenic strain. Since the non-toxigenic strain produces no aflatoxin, these factors have little effect on its GST activity. Our experience with GSH-conjugation system using inducers/inhibitors of aflatoxin metabolism in fungi also show a positive correlation of aflatoxin synthesis and GST activity in Aspergillus species , .
Plant GSTs are a family of multifunctional enzymes involved in the intracellular detoxification of xenobiotics and toxic compounds produced endogenously , . Most of the enzymes are stress-inducible and play a role in the protection of plants from adverse effects of stresses. However, the activities of different GSTs have been detected and characterized in many plants, including maize, wheat, tobacco, soybean, barley, chickpea, peanut, sorghum, and sugarcane , , , .
The isoenzymes of glutathione transferase have been most widely studied in rat liver. Six basic transferases in rat liver liver have been characterized. In rabbit, GST catalyzes the conjugation of activated AFB1 with glutathione. In an experiment to assess the abilities of lung and liver GSTs to conjugate AFB1-8, 9-epoxide, it has been shown that alpha-class and mu-class GSTs are of similar importance in catalyzing the reaction in the lung. The human glutathione S-transferase, possess both enzymatic and non-enzymatic functions and are involved in many important cellular processes, such as, phase II metabolism, stress response, cell proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenesis, tumor progression and drug resistance. The nonenzymatic functions of GSTs involve their interactions with cellular proteins, such as, Jun N-terminal kinase,(JNK), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-2 (TRAF2), apoptosis-signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK), serine/threonine kinases (PKA, PKC), and tissue transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), during which, either the interacting protein partner undergoes functional alteration or the GST protein itself is post-translationally modified and/or functionally altered , .
Because of exhibiting a ligand binding function, glutathione tranferases, have been known as ligandin, a function, which involves the noncovalent binding of nonsubstrate hydrophobic ligands such as heme, bilirubin, various steroids, and conceivably some lipophilic anticancer drugs as well. Although GSTs are generally viewed as playing a protective role in foreign compound metabolism, they can also catalyze reactions that lead to toxification. Examples include the GST dependent metabolism of 1,2-dibromoethane and related haloalkanes and probably also metabolism of the 6-thiopurine prodrug azathioprin , . Similarly, the cytotoxicity of the polypeptide antibiotic neocarzinostatin is greatly enhanced by thiols such as GSH, although in this case there is no apparent requirement for GST catalysis , . .
In addition to above functions, GSTs also are responsible for interacting the proteins and enzymes. For example GST P1-1 interacts with c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) suppressing the basal kinase activity. GST P1-1 also has a role in protection and cell survival after exposure to H2O2 but not against UV-induced apoptosis . Whereas, mouse GST M1-1 protects cells against both UV-and H2O2-induced cell death and binds to apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), inhibits its kinase activity . Moreover, mouse GST A4-4 has also been proposed to interact with JNK and prevent cells from 4-hydroxynonenal induced apoptosis , .
As enzymes, GSTs are involved in many different detoxification reactions. They are commonly referred to as phase II enzymes. They catalyze the conjugation of GSH to a wide variety of endogenous and exogenous electrophilic toxic compounds. The GSH conjugates are excreted as mercapturic acids by the phase III metabolic pathway . GST P1-1, GST M1-1 and GST A1-1 have been shown to catalyze the inactivation process of α, β unsaturated carbonyls like acrolein, (a cytotoxic compound present in tobacco smoke), propenals, (generated by oxidative damage to DNA) and alkenals, (formed by oxidative damage to lipids) , .
Study on GSTs of Aspergillus flavus stems from its ability to synthesize the aflatoxin. Aflatoxins are one of the major causes of liver cancer in certain regions of Africa and Asia , . These secondary metabolites which primarily produced by some Aspergillus spp. are ubiquitous, and under favorable conditions can grow on a wide variety of agricultural commodities. Aflatoxins are major concern with to public health and the most important toxicological interest in aflatoxins has concentrated on aflatoxin B1, largely due to its acute toxicity and carcinogenicity in humans and animals. , , . Genetic studies on aflatoxin biosynthesis in A. flavus and A. parasiticus has been led to the cloning of 25 clustered genes within a 70 kb DNA region responsible for the enzymatic conversions in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway .
Once inside the body and for toxicity to occur, AFB1 undergoes enzymatic conversion to electrophilic endo and exo stereoisomers of AFB1-8,9-epoxide by the action of mixed function mono-oxygenase enzyme systems, CYPs are an intensively studied family of enzymes with currently approximately 4,000 known members. They have been found in almost all branches of the "tree of life", ranging from microorganisms over plants to mammalians. CYP enzymes are classified into families identified by a number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, and 4), subfamilies identified by a letter (e.g., 2A, 2B, 2D, and 2E), and specific members identified by another number (e.g., CYP2E1 and CYP2A6) , .
In human, five CYP gene families, namely; CYP1, CYP2, CYP3, CYP4 and CYP7 are believed to play crucial roles in hepatic as well as extra-hepatic metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics , , . This superfamily of hemoproteins aids in the oxidation of various substrates such as steroids, eicosanoids, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, pollutants, and carcinogens . As mentioned earlier, they bioactivate AFB1 to an electrophilic, highly reactive and unstable metabolite known as aflatoxin-8,9-epoxide, which binds to guanine residues in nucleic acids, leading to irreversible damage in DNA and causing hepatocarcinoma in humans, primates, and ducks , . However, only AFB1 exo-epoxide (AFBO), binds appreciably to DNA (Figure 2). The AFBO is highly unstable, and it reacts with cellular nucleophiles and can induce mutations by alkylating DNA, principally at the N7 position of guanine forming the 8,9-dihydro- 8-(N7-guanyl)-9-hydroxy-AFB1. In addition, AFBO can bind to proteins and other critical cellular nucleophiles , . Initial studies reported that concentrations of AFB1 which are likely to be achieved in the liver following ingestion of ''real-world" concentrations of AFB1 are bioactivated to AFBO primarily by CYP1A2, whereas much higher concentrations are catalyzed by CYP3A4 , , . A recent study demonstrated a dominant contribution of CYP3A4 homologues in AFBO production. AFB1 metabolism studies in human liver microsomal preparations indicate a predominant role for CYP3A4 and that its expression level was an important determinant of the AFB1 disposition in human liver . Specific CYP3A4 inhibitors like troleandomycin have been shown to inhibit AFBO production , while inducers of CYP3A4 activity such as 3-methylcholanthrene and rifampicin, increase AFB1 metabolism in cultured human hepatocytes .
CYP1A homologues also metabolize AFB1 to produce the detoxified metabolite AFM1, whereas CYP3A enzymes -, produce another detoxified metabolite, aflatoxin Q1 (AFQ1), the major metabolite of AFB1 (Figure 2). . Although both CYP1A and CYP3A isoforms oxidize AFB1, there are conflicting reports on their relative importance .
Bioactivation of AFB1 to exo and endo-epoxides and subsequent GST-catalyzed conjugation with GSH.
CYPs may also catalyze demethylation to aflatoxin P (AFP1) of the parent AFB1 molecule, resulting in products less toxic than AFB1. Other major metabolites in the human include aflatoxicol (AFL), AFLH1, AFB2á and AFB1-2, 2-dihydrodiol .
Oxidative metabolism of AFB1 by cytochrome P450 results in the formation of several products such as AFB1-epoxide which serve as substrates for phase II detoxification enzymes. Phase II enzymes such as GSTP1 and GSTA1, found in several mammalian species and non-tumorous liver tissues  are the first step in the mercapturic acid pathway, which leads to the excretion of the xenobiotics. Because conjugation of the electrophilic AFB1-8,9-epoxide with GSH is an alternative fate to binding to nucleophilic centers in cellular macromolecules, GSTs play a critical role in the protection of tissues from the deleterious effects of bioactivated AFB1, and tissues vary considerably in both GST concentration and distribution of specific GST isoforms. Two stereoisomers of AFB1-8,9-epoxide were identified: AFB1 exo-epoxide and AFB1 endo-epoxide, and their corresponding GSH conjugates; AFB1 exo-epoxide-GSH and AFB1 endo-epoxide-GSH. It has been reported that only the exo-epoxide effectively interacts with DNA and was at least 500-fold more potent as a mutagen than the endo stereoisomer. , .
Throughout the animal kingdom, significant variations exist in the susceptibility of different species to AFB1. Man and rats are sensitive to AFB1 but mice can tolerate this mycotoxin. . In man and rat as well as many mammalian species, AFB1-8,9-epoxide is efficiently conjugated with reduced glutathione. Little is known about the identity of the GST which is responsible for detoxifying activated AFB1. To date, the catalytic conjugation of AFB1-8,9-epoxide has only been reported using rat and mouse GST as enzyme source and the ability of GST in other species to catalyze this reaction has not been described. In the investigation on hepatic rat GST responsible for catalyzing the conjugation of AFB1-8,9-epoxide with GSH, it has been shown that the alpha class but not mu-class of GST possess greatest ability to metabolize activated AFB1. Although the rat pi-class GST cannot catalyze this reaction it might be expected that the theta-class enzyme GST is active towards AFB1-8,9-epoxide. By contrast with the rat, the mouse exhibits high constitutive levels of GST activity towards AFB1-8,9-epoxide and alpha-class GST in Swiss-Webster mice possess high activity towards AFB1-8,9-epoxide and can protect against DNA-binding by AFB1 metabolites. Neither the murine mu-class nor pi-class GST can detoxify activated AFB1 and all the activity towards this substrate is contributed by the alpha-class GST. It can be concluded that in the mouse the theta-class enzymes do not play a major role in the detoxification of activated AFB1. Hamster liver contains significant levels of AFB1-GSH-conjugating activity but the GST involved have not been characterized. In human liver, GST does not appear to play as important a role in providing protection against AFB1 as the rodent GST. The in vitro studies have suggested that in comparison with rodents, relatively little AFB1-GSH conjugate is produced by human liver, but insufficient data exist to be certain that this reaction is not of physiological importance in man, particularly as an aflatoxin mercapturate has been detected in the urine of marmoset monkeys treated with AFB1. The ability of human alpha-class GST to detoxify activated AFB1 has not been examined systematically. Three separate alpha-class isoenzymes, which represent the dimeric combinations of two distinct subunits (B1 & B2) have been described in human liver. Furthermore, it is not known whether man possesses inducible GST and if so, whether these might be involved in AFB1 metabolism . Nevertheless, it has been shown that in the humans, the GST with the highest activity toward AFB1 exo-epoxide is the polymorphic hGSTM1-1 which is absent in about 50% of individuals in most human populations. This suggests that AFB1-epoxide individuals lacking the beneficial effects of hGSTM1-1 may be at elevated risk. Indeed some reports suggest that the GSTM1 genetic polymorphism may affect AFB1 detoxification in human liver. In contrast to the liver, the lung is composed of many different cell types and expression of GSTs in different human lung cell types is heterogenous. Thus certain cell types with low levels of GSTs or lacking specific GST isoforms may be at higher risk of AFB1 toxicity . GSTP was also demonstrated to significantly increase in early hepatocarcinogenesis and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to their adjacent normal tissues. Loss of GSTP1 has been suggested to increase the risk of DNA damage and mutation. Moreover, up-expression of GSTA was suggested to protect liver cells against oxidative stress via an extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and p38 kinase (p38K)-related pathway, as well as through the inhibition of H2O2-induced apoptosis to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS)- induced lipid peroxidation. It was suggested that inactivated or down-regulated GSTP1 and GSTA1 genes could increase genomic damage when individuals were exposed to carcinogens. . GSTs have also been shown to exhibit GSH-dependent peroxidase activity and thus may be involved in resistance to oxidative stress. Cytosolic GSTs have been identified in almost all organisms, with mammalian GSTs the most clearly characterized [Burns et al. 2005].
Besides the formation of GSH conjugates, glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of AFB1 have also been described in a variety of species including rat, mouse, monkey and trout. The ability to form these alternative secondary metabolites may be of considerable physiological importance in species, like the trout, that are unable to produce AFB1-GSH conjugates. Before AFB1 can form glucuronide and sulfate conjugates it requires to be hydroxylated. The primary metabolites AFM1, AFP1, and AFQ1 can readily form glucuronide or sulfate conjugates. Whilst such conjugation reactions may aid excretion of aflatoxin, their toxicological value is unclear as such hydroxylated metabolites are not particularly harmful because they are not subject to 8,9-epoxidation. However, it has been proposed that AFB1 is itself capable of forming glucuronide and sulfate conjugate; these reactions might entail a molecular rearrangement possibly involving the addition of water to the keto group in the cyclopentone ring, that result in the introduction of a hydroxyl group into the AFB1 structure. This proposal is of particular interest as it enables the direct detoxification of AFB1 through reactions that may not involve cytochrome P450. These workers have also proposed that amines, thiols and alcohols might also be conjugated to AFB1 via the keto group in the cyclopentone ring .
Alternatively, the AFB1-epoxide can hydrolyse spontaneously to AFB1-dihydrodiol. This is not a true detoxification process as the dihydrodiol product can rearrange at neutral pH values to form a dialdehydic phenolate ion. This AFB1-dialdehyde can undergo Schiff-base formation with primary amine groups in proteins and is therefore likely to be cytotoxic. Recently, a novel AFB1-aldehyde reductase (AFB1-AR) purified from ethoxyquin (EQ)-treated rat liver has been shown to metabolize the dialdehyde form of AFB1-dihydrodiol to an AFB1-dialcohol and its relative importance in AFB1 detoxification may be considerable . The toxicity of AFB1 is selective towards certain species. In contrast with the mouse and hamster, the rat, guinea pig and man are susceptible to the hepatotoxic effects of AFB1 . The toxicity of the mycotoxin is based on a balance between the rate of primary activation of AFB1 and the rate of detoxification of primary metabolites or repair of cellular damage, determined by the relative activity of enzymes responsible for these reactions; the differential toxicity of AFB1, between species is thought to be due mainly to different levels of activity of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. In this regard, the livers of mice which are resistant to the hepatoxic effects of AFB1 contain high concentrations of a Yc-type GST subunit  that has considerable GSH conjugating activity towards AFB1-epoxide , , , . By contrast, the Fischer rat, an inbred strain that is five times more susceptible to AFB1- induced liver cancer than the Wistar rat , possesses 20-fold less hepatic AFB1-GSH-conjugating activity than the mouse. Fischer rats can, however, be protected against AFB1 by treatment with the antioxidant EQ. It has shown that following EQ-treatment the livers of Fischer rats express a GST subunit that is immunochemically related to the mouse Yc subunit . Moreover, this inducible polypeptide (Yc2, subunit 10) has high activity towards AFB1-epoxide . Thus, the Yc2 subunit is thought to confer protection against AFB1, and its induction by EQ is likely to be one of the key mechanisms for the protective action of this anti-carcinogen .
The transport of foreign compounds out of cells can be achieved by at least two distinct families of efflux pump, both of which may provide protection against AFB1 by helping eliminate the mycotoxin from target cells. The best characterized of these two pumps is P-glycoprotein, the product of the mdr 1 gene which has been studied extensively because of its involvement in acquired resistance to anticancer drugs. The other pump is the glutathione S-conjugate carrier which is responsible for the transport of endogenous compounds such as oxidized glutathione and leukotriene C4 as well as glutathione conjugates of foreign compounds an example of which might be S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)glutathione. Both pump systems are ATP-dependent and are inhibited by vanadate but differ in that P-glycoprotein appears to have specificity towards hydrophobic compounds whereas the glutathione S-conjugate carrier is as its name suggests specific for leukotrienes and drug-glutathione conjugates. Although it is not known whether P-glycoprotein is able to transport AFB1 the broad specificity of this efflux pump and its activity towards hydrophobic drugs suggests that this is likely. It also appears highly probable that the glutathione S-conjugate carrier is responsible for the transport of AFB1 conjugated with GSH. Both P-glycoprotein and the glutathione S-conjugate carrier are expressed in the liver which is compatible with the hypothesis that these pumps could be involved in the efflux of AFB1 and its metabolites. The involvement of P-glycoprotein in AFB1 transport is supported by the fact that aflatoxin has been shown to induce mRNA encoding this protein in mouse liver. .
Relatively little is known about the enzymes responsible for the removal of AFB1 that is bound covalently to DNA in mammalian cells. Exposure of cells to AFB1 results in the formation of three major adducts. Of these, trans-2,3-dihydro-2-(N7-guanyl)-3-hydroxy AFB1 (AFB1- N7 G) is the most abundant. It is chemically unstable and is lost spontaneously from DNA in vitro to yield apurinic sites. The other two adducts, 2,3-dihydro-2-(N-formyl-2,3,6-triamino-4-oxopyrimidine-N-yl)-3-hydroxy AFB1 and 8,9-dihydro-8-(2-amino-6-formamide-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl formamido)-9-hydroxy AFB1 (AFB1-FAPY and AFB1III respectively) are not spontaneously but appear to be removed catalytically by DNA repair enzymes. The loss of AFB1-DNA adducts in vivo is biphasic and this occurs through two distinct mechanisms. Following exposure to AFB1, all adduct species are removed rapidly until less than 1000 adducts per cell remain. Once this point is reached the AFB1-FAPY and AFB1 III adducts are no longer removed and only AFB1-N7 G is lost but at a much slower rate from the cell .
What is the relationship between the rate of aflatoxin metabolism and the level of aflatoxin-GSH conjugate formation?
What is the relationship between the efficiency of glutathione conjugation system and toxic action of aflatoxins in different cell systems.
It is the time to express the deepest gratitude to Mr. Hamed Foroozesh for whole-hearted support and for his devoted care. Thanks for his vast knowledge and skill in many areas and his assistance.
- Plants like potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, egg plant, tobacco, some spices.
- Like bitter almond, cassava root, sorghum root, lima bean, fruit seed, etc.


"The life sciences are widely treated as a field and an industry with high-growth potential, and while neoclassical economic theory prescribes that capital are invested in emerging industries, there is a perceived shortage of venture capital among life science entrepreneurs. Financing Life Science Innovation reviews the literature on venture capital, corporate governance, and life science venturing and presents a study of the Swedish life science industry and the venture capital investors being active in financially and managerially supporting life science start-up firms. The study reveals that venture capital investors, life science entrepreneurs, and innovation system actors today face the challenge of supplying adequate amounts of capital to an industry that may produce tomorrow's health care innovations. Changes in scientific research practices, the structure of the international finance market, and industry policy are all contributing to what is frequently treated as a shortage of venture capital in the life sciences"– Provided by publisher.


text:
Pat Cadigan, née le  à Schenectady dans l'État de New York, est un auteur de science-fiction américain, dont les œuvres sont parfois décrites comme s'inscrivant dans le mouvement cyberpunk, bien qu'elle ne revendique pas cette appartenance.

Biographie
Pat Cadigan a grandi dans la ville de Fitchburg dans l'État du Massachusetts, puis pendant une vingtaine d'années à Kansas City. Elle a fait ses études à l'Université du Massachusetts et à l'Université du Kansas, dont elle est sortie diplômée en 1975. Elle débuta ensuite sa carrière d'écrivain chez Hallmark Cards. Elle fut publiée pour la première fois en 1981 ; ce succès d'auteur l'encouragea à écrire à temps plein à partir de 1987. Depuis 1996, elle vit à Londres en Angleterre.

Ses romans Synners (Les synthérétiques) de 1991 et Fools (Mise en abyme) de 1992 reçurent tous les deux le prix Arthur-C.-Clarke du meilleur roman de SF de l'année au Royaume-Uni.

Pat Cadigan s'est aussi essayée au fantastique avec des œuvres telles L'Épreuve du feu ou Les Garçons sous la pluie.

Sa nouvelle  a obtenu le prix Hugo de la meilleure nouvelle longue 2013 et le prix Locus de la meilleure nouvelle longue 2013.

Œuvres

Série Wild Cards

Univers Gunnm

Romans indépendants

Recueils de nouvelles

Nouvelles traduites en français

Liens externes

Naissance en septembre 1953
Naissance à Schenectady
Romancière américaine de science-fiction
Écrivain de la série Wild Cards
Romancière américaine du XXe siècle
Romancière américaine du XXIe siècle
Nouvelliste américain du XXe siècle
Nouvelliste américain du XXIe siècle
Auteur de cyberpunk
Lauréat du prix Arthur-C.-Clarke
Lauréat du prix Hugo de la meilleure nouvelle longue
Lauréat du prix Locus de la meilleure nouvelle courte
Lauréat du prix Locus de la meilleure nouvelle longue
Lauréat du prix Locus du meilleur recueil de nouvelles
Nouvelliste américaine de science-fiction

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


How to get Imagination Slideshow software to work on Mint17.
I am a relative newbie. Have been working with Linux for about a year. Now running Mint 17.1 with the mate desktop on an Acer Aspire 4520. Has 2 gig of ram and an AMD Turion 64 X2 processor. Have a Kingston 240 gig ssd. System is running very nicely and very fast. I cannot get the Imagination Slideshow software to work properly. No slide transitions or motions. Installed from the latest repository. I don't know if I am doing something wrong or not. I believe I have read a review that indicated that Imagination would not work on Mint 17.1. Is this correct? If not how do I make Imagination work?? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Maybe your pictures need to resize before imagination?
The video is all well and good. However, the video is working with version 2.1 and I have 3.0. I wouldn't think that would make a lot of difference. I was able to add some photos and assign transitions. When I try to preview the slideshow it goes nowhere. It just sits there. I could not export - got some kind of error message and I was too frustrated to remember what it was. The program just does not work properly. I have no idea where to go from here. It would be beautiful if it worked. Any other suggestions???
pixbyjnjphotos wrote: The video is all well and good. However, the video is working with version 2.1 and I have 3.0. I wouldn't think that would make a lot of difference. I was able to add some photos and assign transitions. When I try to preview the slideshow it goes nowhere. It just sits there. I could not export - got some kind of error message and I was too frustrated to remember what it was. The program just does not work properly. I have no idea where to go from here. It would be beautiful if it worked. Any other suggestions???
Remove current Imagination and install older Imagination via deb-package using GDebi.
Re: How to get Imagination Slideshow software to work on Mint17.
- Export is now much faster than 3.0 version!
- Added an elapsed time information in the Export dialog.
- Made the slides to be selected during the preview/export and its number shown on the menu bar.
- Fixed seg-fault when trying to rotate gradient/text slides.
- Slide duration can be finally set to less than a second. That was a long requested feature!
- Added patch from Giovanni Mariani to fix ffmpeg cmd line error when producing VOB.
- Fixed bugs #82 and #83 thanks to Davide Capodaglio.
- Fix: Propose a project name (unknown.img) when saving a new project from the "save" button.
Imagination, a Linux DVD lightweight slideshow maker.


text:
2010: Work was winding down last Friday on the extension of an electrical "duct bank" from Sooke River Road to the Sooke River Bridge.
Looking Back – Jan. 22, 2014
A summary of some of the events that shaped Sooke in past years
A look back at what made the news in years past.
A room at John Muir elementary buzzed last Tuesday morning with pre-schoolers and their parents having a great time.
School District No. 62 Superintendent Brian Fox was one of several folks on hand for the official Sooke kick-off of a program called "Strong Start."
Strong Start BC is a free drop-in early learning program for preschool-aged children accompanied by a parent or caregiver.
"It's all part of the initiative by the Ministry of Education," said Fox. "We think long term it's going to be very, very good."
(Strong Start is still being offered. See http://www.sd62.bc.ca/Programs/EarlyLearning/StrongStart.aspx for information)
Abalone saved in dangerous operation
Months of investigative work culminated in a wild finish and the arrests of two men accused of poaching abalone in the Sooke area.
On Jan. 16 between 10 and 15 Fisheries and Oceans Canada officers apprehended a 39-year-old from Duncan and a 43-year-old Victoria man with bags containing 446 abalone at an undisclosed location in the Sooke area. The estimated street value of the haul was between $8,920 and $20,070.
East Sooke's News Mirror readers mysteriously left without weekly paper
As many as 200 copies of the Sooke News Mirror went missing Wednesday morning shortly after they were delivered to rural drop boxes in East Sooke.
Sooke News Mirror delivery person Louise Paterson said it appears someone picked up stacks of newspapers she had delivered to the 16 drop boxes along her route.
Paterson noticed the papers were gone on her return trip, which was within an hour after they were dropped off.
Sooke News Mirror publisher Rod Sluggett said the situation was upsetting because of the time, effort and cost that goes into producing and distributing the newspaper.
Owners responsible for their dog's actions
Sooke area residents are being reminded to keep their dogs locked up in the wake of the recent discovery of three dogs feeding on a deer in the Kemp Lake area.
Dogs left to run loose will chase whatever they come across, putting deer and livestock at risk, and the dogs' owners are legally responsible.
According to CRD bylaw enforcement officer Miles Drew, 10 people from the Sooke area were fined $100 each in 1993 for failing to control their dogs, and some people had their pets confiscated.
The Animal Control office had 13 calls in 1993 from the Sooke area in connection with dogs harassing livestock, a light drop from 1992. Dog-at-large calls totalled 145, 117 dogs were impounded.
B.C. residents to pay more for medical and pension
Sun powered trike


text:
Nehzatabad (, also Romanized as Nehẕatābād) is a village in Sadeqiyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Najafabad County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,016, in 816 families.

References

Populated places in Najafabad County


Unnecessary energy consumption can drive up utility bills, costing homeowners substantial amounts of money every year. Fortunately, homeowners can take several steps to reduce unnecessary energy consumption, saving themselves money and helping the planet along the way.
Conduct nightly energy audits. Before going to bed at night, homeowners can spend a few minutes walking around their homes making sure all devices, appliances and lights are tuned off. Devices left on when not in use may not consume significant amounts of energy on their own, but when many are left on, the resulting energy consumption can be considerable. The U.S. Department of Energy notes that unplugging cable boxes each night can save homeowners nearly $20 per box over the course of a year. Unplugging additional appliances each night when not in use can add to those savings while reducing excessive energy consumption.
Lower the temperature on your water heater. Water heaters make it possible to take hot showers each morning, but when used improperly, such heaters can be very wasteful. Water heaters set at 120 F will not affect the quality of your daily showers and can help prevent scalding. But water heaters may be set at 140 F by manufacturers, and that can waste energy and pose a scalding hazard. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the cost of bringing fresh water up to 140 F can cost homeowners as much as $400 per year. Setting water heaters to 120 F and lowering that temperature when going on vacation can save homeowners money and reduce the standby heat losses necessary to keep water at 140 F or higher.
Clean filters more frequently. It's easy to forget about filters on heating and air conditioning systems. But forgotten filters could be costing homeowners significant amounts of money. When neglected, HVAC filters accumulate dirt and dust, making systems work much less efficiently than they do when filters are clean. Clean filters once per month to make sure you aren't wasting money and energy when heating and cooling your home.
Monitor your meter. If you are taking steps to reduce energy consumption but your utility bills are staying the same or even increasing, start monitoring your energy meter. Meter readers are not immune to mistakes, and the readings may be incorrect. Jot down the energy consumption figures reflected on your meter, and compare those figures to those on your utility bill, reporting any discrepancies to your utility company.
Many homeowners wish their utility bills were lower. Thankfully, homeowners can take steps to cut their energy bills and save them money while helping the environment at the same time.


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Akshay Kumar is a religious, practicing Shaiva Hindu who has regularly visited shrines and temples across the country, including the famed Vaishno Devi Mandir. Akshay Kumar is a teetotaller but has endorsed for a liquor brand in the past.
Ashok Kumar (13 October 1911 – 10 December 2001), born Kumudlal Ganguly, and also fondly called Dadamoni, was an Indian film actor who attained iconic status in Indian cinema.He was honoured in 1988 with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest national award for cinema artists, by the Government of India and also received the Padma Bhushan in 1999 for his contributions to Indian cinema.
Hi, I am Ujjwal Kumar Sen a Lecturer, Blogger, Motivator, SEO Expert Most important "About Me"- I am blogging from last four years, that's why I am very good in it, other than this I am very good in SEO (On Page Optimization, Back links building, recovering traffic from Google Updates), social media branding (SMB), social media optimization(SMO).
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I met Dr. Prem Kumar Sharma in the month of November 2011 for the first time though the reference of my aunt. I had some family problems at that time & met him as an astrologer but I found him a very humble, genuine & much more than an astrologer.
Engaging in psychotherapy is a powerful way to invest in yourself and your growth. I offer a complimentary 20-minute phone consultation, in which I will ask you some questions to learn what is motivating you to seek help, and you can ask me any questions you have.
The Best Answers to Tough Interview Questions. Tell me about yourself. This is really more of a request than a question. But these few words can put you on the spot in a way no question can. Many quickly lose control of the interview during the most critical time- the first five minutes.
Senthil Kumar Ask is on Facebook. To connect with Senthil Kumar, sign up for Facebook today. Log In. or. Sign Up. About Senthil Kumar Ask. Work. Farmer. 1983 to present. Current City and Hometown. Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Current city.
12/26/2015 · Film Direction: What are some good questions to ask an actor? Update Cancel. ... What are some good questions to ask a film director about his/her film? ... You can learn a lot about how a person ticks by finding out who inspires them as an actor. The actor they identify will probably be known for certain things, certain styles, etc.
Akshay Kumar's mom, Aruna Bhatia is a homemaker. Every year he ensures that he spends his birthday with his mother as he believes that's the day for his mom! His day still starts with her. He always cutshis birthday cake with his mommy. And that has been his routine for years!
FREE Video lectures & notes of complete syllabus, every NCERT solutions, important examples of chapter trigonometric functions of CBSE class 11 maths.
Asthma, Allergy & Immunology - Dr. Shashi Kumar. Welcome to Alabama Asthma, Allergy & Immunology Center. We appreciate your choice of our clinic to care for your asthma and allergy related conditions. We are committed to provide individualized service and a comprehensive treatment plan for each patient that comes into the clinic.


text:
A Light in One of Our Darkest Times
Basic Needs | Comprehensive Basic Needs | Financial Security | High-Quality Education | SparkPoint | United Way Bay Area
How SparkPoint's Bundled Service Model Changed How We View Support & Success
By Nicole Harden, UWBA Vice President of Economic Success
It was 2009. We were in the middle of a housing market crash, individuals and families were losing work, and 1 in 4 Bay Area families couldn't make ends meet. This was the environment in which United Way Bay Area chose to launch SparkPoint, one of mass layoffs, foreclosures and evictions, and tremendous financial uncertainty.
The Great Recession was a full-blown financial crisis across the United States that left many of our Bay Area neighbors in dire straits and presented challenges we knew we couldn't solve alone. We reached out to the Annie E. Casey Foundation in Baltimore, MD to gain insights on their Center for Working Families model which coordinates "key services at single, convenient locations, making these resources more accessible to individuals and families needing assistance."
The idea was to build out a Collective Impact Model here in the Bay Area that could bring the co-located, integrated, and bundled services to low-income individuals and families.
Our first SparkPoint location launched in Oakland in collaboration with local community partners, including East Bay Asian Local Development Corporation (EBALDC), Operation Hope, LifeTime Helps, the Women's Initiative, and the Workforce Collaborative all working towards the same goals, under one umbrella.
We worked with partners that were from, and whose staff reflected, the communities we wanted to serve; while making sure this model was created with experts in the field, who not only knew financial concepts but knew them within the context of working with people experiencing poverty.
Our centers provided a wide range of financial services with a client-first approach – clients set their own goals and our coaches provide long-term support in achieving outcomes. Working together, we helped families in four main areas: income, credit, debt, and savings. SparkPoint services included:
Financial, Career, and Credit Coaching
Benefits Access
First Time Homebuyer and Foreclosure Prevention
Since implementing SparkPoint, 13 years ago, we've learned that while not all bundled services are equal, bundling services is incredibly impactful. We've also learned that achieving goals looks different for each family and it is not necessarily a linear process, but clients who do achieve ALL SparkPoint outcomes maintain them.
Additionally, we found that SparkPoint Community schools specifically improved the economic outcomes of whole families, making parents feel more engaged with their children's academic journeys. The difference has been attributed to several factors like addressing immediate needs that alleviate financial stress, providing integrated services, and taking a holistic, student-centered approach.
Over the years, SparkPoint has changed in many ways, but our tenets and identity have remained steadfast. The truths that continue to guide our work:
We believe our clients are creative, resourceful, and whole
We are data-driven, tracking progress and measuring outcomes towards goals that are set by our clients
We are community-focused, working hard to make sure that our staff and programming reflect the community that we serve
We've built a network of over 20 locations across the Bay Area, proudly opening our most recent on October 12, 2022 at Community College of San Francisco.
To date, we have served over 42,000 people across all the centers in both post-secondary and K-12 spaces.
As we look ahead, we see growth in numerous areas, especially our basic needs programming. We recognize that it's nearly impossible for people to move forward if their basic needs aren't being met. This is even more imperative for students and families. This is why we are excited to be piloting SparkPoint in a second new San Francisco location this year – San Francisco State University – our first four-year institution.
Thinking on our role over the course of the coming years, it's our job to ensure underserved communities in our region can access the services that will help them achieve their goals, and in doing so, we will be continuing the push to eradicate poverty in the Bay Area. We will continue to scale the SparkPoint program, working with the community through our ambassadors to ensure their voice and decision-making power remain central to our programming design.
Our hope moving forward is that SparkPoint not only continues to grow and be recognized for its amazing work, but that its impact continues to be felt by the community in a manner that creates generational change. Please visit our website to learn more about SparkPoint services and how you can get involved.
Fighting Homelessness – One Person, One Cup, One Neighborhood at a Time
TOGETHER WE ROSE TO THE CHALLENGE – OUR 2020 IMPACT REPORT
Youth Career Expo Helps Bridge the Opportunity Gap


A bitter feud that has torn apart the family of the man who built the euro and reunited his country according to a new book.
Helmut Kohl, who ruled West Germany before reunifying the country in 1990, is estranged from his two sons, who accuse his second wife of 'imprisoning him'.
Walter and Peter Kohl claim their stepmother Maike Kohl-Richter, who is much younger than the former Chancellor, has caused a rift in the family that has led to their father's increasing isolation.
They say Mr Kohl, 82, who is barely able to walk or speak following a serious fall five years ago, is being kept a 'prisoner' by Maike Kohl-Richter, 49, who decides who can see him and writes his letters.
His sons have branded her a virtual 'stalker' and claim his father started an affair with her while still married to their beloved mother Hannelore.
Hannelore killed herself in 2001 after suffering for years from a debilitating condition which made her allergic to light.
Her sons were devoted to her but distant to their father, who they claimed was 'married to politics' as they grew up.
Now their bitterness is directed at Maike, 49, with Peter Kohl claiming she has even had him and his brother removed from the visitor list kept by police allowing access to his home near Karlsruhe.
Since his fall Mr Kohl's days of drinking several bottles of fine Rhine wine to wash down his favourite dish - stuffed pig's stomach - are long gone.
He sees very few people from his old political days with his sons claiming his second wife is a gatekeeper who controls every second of his time.
It has long been known that Walter and Peter Kohl grew up unhappy in the home of Europe's greatest statesmen; Walter wrote a book two years ago stating as much.
But the new work by Peter, a biography of his mother that is a tribute to her and the way she brought them up, is damning of their stepmother.
He says he learned of his father's marriage to his former secretary over the internet. He said: 'The picture I saw was of a sickly old man, his sad eyes looking as if he wanted helping.
Peter recalls visiting his stepmother's apartment in Berlin before she married him, stating: 'Every conversation with her was a hymn of praise about my father. Her flat in Berlin was full of pictures and souvenirs of my father which made me think of a propaganda film about him.
Kohl-Richter has been criticised in the past by the German press who called her the 'Lady Macbeth of Oggersheim' and said she angered the public after being spotted wearing some of Hannelore Kohl's clothes.
The sons claim their stepmother has also cut off ties to their father's ghostwriter.
Most hurtfully, says Peter, is the knowledge that his father began his affair with her when his mother was still alive.
Peter nearly broke down on a TV show last week when he described the last time he had seen their father when he visited him with his own daughter two years ago.
He says he had been initially pleased to see them but then indicated they should go 'otherwise there will be a huge problem again.' Left unsaid was that the problem was his new bride.
The revelations have come in a new 27-page forward to the 2002 book Hannelore Kohl: Her Life, which is re-released this week.
Kohl-Richter has so far not commented on the claims by Helmut Kohl's sons and has declined to be interviewed by the press.


Guitarist for Fischerspooner, Santigold, Alberta Cross and Bee Caves. Composer for VICE.
Mix-Engineer from Amersfoort, The Netherlands. Available for mix-sessions, remixes, productions and mastering.
Outside of his family, Kerry derives inspiration from Jon B. (an American record producer, singer and songwriter), as well as a few of the most iconic musicians of all time. These include Michael Jackson, Ray Charles and Stevie Wonder; each of whom has left an indelible mark on music as a form of art with their legendary musical contributions.


Web of Change, and a MoveOn for Canada?
The (un)conference was inspiring as always, but I had one main issue I wanted to explore. I have been mulling over the idea of what a MoveOn-style grassroots movement would look like in Canada, and how it might get started. It's an ambitious idea, and some people feel it has already been realized by Avaaz.org.
Nevertheless, I was interested in exploring the idea with like-minded online organizers, and Web of Change is perhaps the best place in Canada for such discussion. A few people came together to trade ideas and do some basic strategizing.
It was a good session, if a little overwhelming, and I think it moved the discussion forward. I have the notes and flipcharts and will be sharing the thoughts from the group in the coming weeks. The best part of the session was realizing that several progressive people across Canada have exactly the same goal, and are already taking steps to make it a reality. I look forward to seeing what comes out of the connections made at this Web of Change session.


text:
Q: Separating data SQL I need help viewing my data stored in table.
I have a table called student with the following attributes:

*

*StudentID, Name, Level, Course

What I want to do is to show level and number of students enrolled on that level in the following form:
LEVEL  |  NumOfStudents

Any suggestions how I can succeed this or which method I should use?

A: When you say attributes, I think you mean columns. If so, try:
SELECT level, count(studentid) AS NumOfStudents
FROM student
GROUP BY level

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Make a solid impression with Rigid signs!
Highly versatile indoor and outdoor signs that come with multiple mounting options. Custom die-cuts are perfect for lawn signs, celebration signs, and advertisements. From Coroplast to Foam Core to Metal, there are dozens of options and possible uses. Fully customizable options based on your designs.
If you have selected Real Estate Grommets please specify the distance between the grommets.