text:
https://profreg.medscape.com/px/getpracticeprofile.do?method=getProfessionalProfile&urlCache=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbWVkaWNpbmUubWVkc2NhcGUuY29tL2FydGljbGUvOTM0OTUyLXRyZWF0bWVudA==
Drugs & Diseases > Pediatrics: Surgery
Pediatric Surgery for Anal Fissure Treatment & Management
Author: Brian P Gillett, MD; Chief Editor: Philip Glick, MD, MBA more...
Pediatric Surgery for Anal Fissure
Sections Pediatric Surgery for Anal Fissure
Approach Considerations
Medical Therapy
Surgical Therapy
Long-Term Monitoring
Surgical intervention is rarely required for acute fissures in children, and symptoms from an acute fissure often resolve within 10-14 days of conservative medical management. However, if an anal fissure does not heal after 6-8 weeks of medical therapy and the diagnosis is not in question, surgery may be indicated.
Relative contraindications to operative treatment of anal fissure include inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and profound immunosuppression (ie, absolute neutrophil counts < 100/μL; see the Absolute Neutrophil Count calculator).
Treatment of anal fissures has advanced significantly over the past decades. Local reconstruction with advancement flaps has been described as an effective adjunct to chronic fissure excision. Reversible chemical sphincterotomy is a promising development in the treatment of acute (and possibly chronic) anal fissures.
Acute fissures usually improve with conservative management, which includes dietary modification, stool softeners, and sitz baths. Increasing the patient's fluid consumption and fiber intake may be sufficient. If a stool softener is used, it should be carefully titrated to avoid the development of diarrhea and dehydration. The stool softener of choice is an osmotic agent that causes water to be retained with the stool (eg, polyethylene glycol), and the dosage is titrated for the patient's size. It is available as a powder that is mixed with 8 oz of water before administration.
Although 10-14 days of conservative medical management is often sufficient for resolution of acute fissure symptoms, as long as 6-8 weeks may be necessary for the actual tear to heal. After 6-8 weeks, the fissure is considered chronic, and more active measures (eg, chemical or surgical sphincterotomy) may be considered. Although studies validating the use of chemical sphincterotomy in the pediatric population remain limited, the available literature appears promising. [2]
Glyceryl-trinitrate (GTN) is the most widely used agent for chemical sphincterotomy. [3, 4, 5, 6] GTN 0.2% ointment is applied topically to the lower anal canal two or three times daily until the fissure heals. Although the safety of GTN therapy in this setting is well established, poor compliance due to GTN-induced headaches can be a barrier to its use (see Complications). [7]
Topical diltiazem (available as an extemporaneously prepared 2% gel) may be a potential alternative to GTN that has fewer adverse effects; however, additional evidence is required before recommendations regarding the use of this agent can be made. Topical diltiazem therapy appears to be more effective than oral diltiazem therapy, with fewer adverse effects. [8, 9]
Topical nifedipine with lidocaine has also been employed and appears to be safe and effective, with a low recurrence rate. [10]
Botulinum toxin injections reduce internal anal sphincter tonicity by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic gap. This therapeutic option appears to be more effective than isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) ointment for the primary treatment of chronic anal fissures in the adult population, with fewer adverse effects. [11] However, dosing, ideal site(s) of administration, and experience with this drug are lacking in the pediatric population. Botulinum toxin may be used for multiple, wide-based, and nonhealing fissures.
As noted, surgical treatment is rarely needed for most infants and children with an acute anal fissure. Some fissures may take as long as 8 weeks to resolve with conservative management. It is important to keep in mind that if the fissure has not healed following medical therapy, the diagnosis may be in question, and an examination under anesthesia is warranted. If the fissure persists despite medical management, the operative procedure in children and infants is an open lateral internal sphincterotomy. [12]
Excision of a chronic ulcer may be warranted in addition to the sphincterotomy. All excised tissue should be evaluated by a pathologist. Because any associated anal stenosis is relieved successfully with the sphincterotomy, advancement flaps to treat the associated refractory stenosis typically are not needed.
Operative details
Treatment of children with anal fissures is slightly different from treatment of adults in that an outpatient open lateral internal sphincterotomy is the procedure of choice. This relieves the spasm and, ultimately, the vicious circle that characterizes the constellation of symptoms ascribed to anal fissure. Anal dilatation to treat anal fissure has been abandoned because of the 30-40% rate of recurrence.
In addition, if the history and physical examination reveal a lifelong history of constipation or failure to pass stool in the first 48 hours of life, an ectopically placed anus and Hirschsprung disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis, and a careful rectal evaluation and rectal biopsy should be performed with the same anesthetic.
Open lateral internal sphincterotomy is performed with the patient in the lithotomy position under a light anesthetic administered via a laryngeal mask. The intersphincteric groove is palpated, and the submucosa is injected with 0.25% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine.
A 1-cm curvilinear incision is made overlying the intersphincteric groove. The internal sphincter is medial to the external sphincter and lateral to the submucosa of the anus. The sphincter is identified and elevated, and an electrocautery device is used to divide a segment as far proximal as the fissure itself. The overlying incision is closed.
Closed lateral sphincterotomy is also advocated in children. The knife blade is positioned in much the same manner as in an open sphincterotomy, but the difference is that the knife is inserted in the intersphincteric groove, rotated 90°, and advanced toward the anal mucosa. Hemostasis is achieved by means of direct pressure, and this puncture wound is not closed.
Chronic anal fissures should be treated with excision of the fissure along with its sentinel tag (pile) and internal sphincterotomy at the base of the ulcer. The wound is left open and should heal in 7-14 days without scarring. Compulsive wound care, consisting of washing the area with soap and water after each bowel movement, is essential for a successful outcome.
Headache and diarrhea are the most common complications of administering topical nitrates and stool softeners, respectively. Significant hypotension with topical nitrate administration has not been reported in the literature. However, during the first office visit, children and their families should be questioned about a history of vascular headaches, and blood pressure should be taken before the initial application of topical nitrates. Incontinence has not been associated with these therapeutic regimens.
Short-term complications of operative therapy include urinary retention, hematoma formation, and incontinence. Long-term complications, such as difficulty controlling flatus, daytime soiling of underwear, and nighttime incontinence, are noted with both open and closed internal sphincterotomy.
The exact incidence of long-term incontinence is not clear in the pediatric literature. The incidence of this complication is likely to remain unclear because medical management, including chemical sphincterotomy, is increasingly favored over surgery for chronic fissures.
Dietary modifications, stool softeners, and sitz baths should be continued for several weeks after operative treatment. A follow-up visit is scheduled for 2-3 weeks after the procedure.
Beaty JS, Shashidharan M. Anal Fissure. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2016 Mar. 29 (1):30-7. [Medline].
Brown CJ, Dubreuil D, Santoro L, Liu M, O'Connor BI, McLeod RS. Lateral internal sphincterotomy is superior to topical nitroglycerin for healing chronic anal fissure and does not compromise long-term fecal continence: six-year follow-up of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 2007 Apr. 50(4):442-8. [Medline].
Demirbag S, Tander B, Atabek C, et al. Long-term results of topical glyceryl trinitrate ointment in children with anal fissure. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2005 Jun. 25(2):135-7. [Medline].
Emami MH, Sayedyahossein S, Aslani A. Safety and efficacy of new glyceryl trinitrate suppository formula: first double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Jul. 51(7):1079-83. [Medline].
Tander B, Guven A, Demirbag S, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl-trinitrate ointment in the treatment of children with anal fissure. J Pediatr Surg. 1999 Dec. 34(12):1810-2. [Medline].
Joda AE, Al-Mayoof AF. Efficacy of nitroglycerine ointment in the treatment of pediatric anal fissure. J Pediatr Surg. 2017 Nov. 52 (11):1782-1786. [Medline].
Brisinda G, Maria G, Bentivoglio AR, Cassetta E, Gui D, Albanese A. A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 8. 341(2):65-9. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Jonas M, Neal KR, Abercrombie JF, Scholefield JH. A randomized trial of oral vs. topical diltiazem for chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum. 2001 Aug. 44(8):1074-8. [Medline].
Knight JS, Birks M, Farouk R. Topical diltiazem ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg. 2001 Apr. 88(4):553-6. [Medline].
Klin B, Efrati Y, Berkovitch M, Abu-Kishk I. Anal fissure in children: a 10-year clinical experience with nifedipine gel with lidocaine. Minerva Pediatr. 2016 Jun. 68 (3):196-200. [Medline].
Berkel AE, Rosman C, Koop R, van Duijvendijk P, van der Palen J, Klaase JM. Isosorbide dinitrate ointment vs botulinum toxin A (Dysport) as the primary treatment for chronic anal fissure: a randomized multicentre study. Colorectal Dis. 2014 Oct. 16 (10):O360-6. [Medline].
Henning W, Deppen JG. Anal Sphincterotomy, Internal. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls; 2018. [Full Text].
Brian P Gillett, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital Center
Brian P Gillett, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Charles N Paidas, MD, MBA Division Chief, Division of Pediatric General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
Charles N Paidas, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Association, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Florida Chapter of The American Academy of Pediatrics, Florida Pediatric Society, Johns Hopkins Medical and Surgical Association, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of University Surgeons
Mary L Windle, PharmD Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference
Gail E Besner, MD Chief, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Principal Investigator, Center for Perinatal Research, Director, Pediatric Surgery Training Program, Associate Burn Director, Nationwide Children's Hospital; H William Clatworthy, Jr, Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University College of Medicine
Gail E Besner, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Surgical Association, Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Burn Association, American College of Surgeons, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, American Medical Womens Association, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Surgical Oncology, Society of University Surgeons
Philip Glick, MD, MBA Professor, Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics, and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vice-Chairperson for Finance and Development, Department of Surgery, State University of New York at Buffalo
Philip Glick, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Pediatric Surgical Association, American Thoracic Society, Association for Academic Surgery, Association for Surgical Education, Central Surgical Association, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Medical Society of the State of New York, Phi Beta Kappa, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Royal College of Surgeons of England, Sigma Xi, Society for Pediatric Research, Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of University Surgeons
Aviva L Katz, MD Assistant Professor of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
Aviva L Katz, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, Association of Women Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Wilderness Medical Society
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Q: how to store audio file in Sdcard captured using getUserMedia in fire fox os i am creating one app where when i will press save button it will store given blob audion data in to SDcard in firefox os here i am  presenting code for it.
   var audioURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(e.data);
           audio.src = audioURL;
           audio.type="video/ogg";

           deleteButton.onclick = function(e) {
             evtTgt = e.target;
             evtTgt.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(evtTgt.parentNode);
           }

           saveButton.onclick = function(e) {
             evtTgt = e.target;
             var sdcard = navigator.getDeviceStorage("sdcard");
            var file   = new Blob([audioURL], {type: "video/ogg"});

            var request = sdcard.addNamed(file, "my-file.ogg");

                request.onsuccess = function () {
                var name = this.result;
                console.log('File "' + name + '" successfully wrote on the sdcard storage area');

}

here i have written the code but it is not working.so plz any one can help??

A: I assume you get the data from the MediaRecorder event object that is passed to the handler of the "dataavailable" event like in the example outlined here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/MediaRecorder/ondataavailable
In this case e.data is already a Blob and you can simply pass it to the addNamed function as documented here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/DeviceStorage/addNamed
var audioData = e.data,
    audioURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(e.data);
audio.src = audioURL;
audio.type ="video/ogg";

deleteButton.onclick = function(e) {
    evtTgt = e.target;
    evtTgt.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(evtTgt.parentNode);
}

saveButton.onclick = function(e) {
    evtTgt = e.target;
    var sdcard = navigator.getDeviceStorage("sdcard");
    var request = sdcard.addNamed(audioData, "my-file.ogg");

    request.onsuccess = function () {
        var name = this.result;
        console.log('File "' + name + '" successfully wrote on the sdcard storage area');
    }
}

However, you should double-check your code since it seems to have unmatching brackets.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
ChemAxon US User Group Meeting, September 25-26, Cambridge Massachusetts
news · 5 years ago
by Yvonne Martin (Martin Consulting)
JChem Cartridge Standardizer MarvinSketch Instant JChem JChem Base Structure Checker JChem for SharePoint Naming Document to Database Consultancy Marvin JS Compliance Checker Markush Search and Enumeration ChemCurator Plexus Suite
Conclusion Attendees and Social Events
Overview of ChemAxon by Alex Drijver The ChemAxon Product Profile
Biomolecule Toolkit Plexus Suite
Compliance Checker ChemCurator
Markush technology Marvin JS
Consultancy Partner Session
Boehringer Ingelheim Bristol-Myers Suibb
GlaxoSmithKline Genentech
DuPont Novartis
Merck Cubist
Flately Discovery Kyoto Constella Technologies
Chemalytics Pearson Education
I will echo the conclusions of Wendy Warr in her report of the Budapest UGM, specifically that ChemAxon has emerged as the leading provider of chemical information software, both toolkits for the programmers and programs for end-users. It accomplished its pre-eminence with solid reliable toolkits and applications, both coupled with innovations geared to solving clients' problems. This UGM also showed ChemAxon's commitment to staying ahead of the changes in customer's software and research environments by developing Plexus Suite, the web platform for intra- or inter-company collaborative research, and Marvin JS that puts chemical drawing and searching capability on any device independent of operating system. Of course, these new developments build on the support of excellent toolkits; dedicated consultancy staff; and applications (too numerous to mention) that check chemical structures for errors or legal entanglements, or that find chemical structures embedded documents written using the English alphabet or Chinese or Japanese scripts. ChemAxon's Markush technology has found a place not only in patent preparation and searching, but also in applications that help medicinal chemistry teams follow their series and combinatorial chemists to design their libraries. Although they were not discussed at this UGM, ChemAxon is noted for its excellent tools involving chemical reactions including metabolic transformations and its reliable chemical property predictions.
It was exciting to see clients or partners integrate ChemAxon technology into applications that were not anticipated in the original design of the tool. For example, Document to Structure and associated ChemAxon tools add chemical structure searching into natural language processing systems; Markush tools provide scientists with an overview of the chemical series investigated for a project; and Document to Database is used in several in-house systems to organize knowledge stored in documents of many types.
Attendees and Social Events
· return to TOC
Seventy seven non-ChemAxon people registered for the meeting. They were from 11 major pharmaceutical or chemical companies (often with more than one person from a company); 15 vendors; and 12 small biotech companies. To encourage customer feedback, the 26 ChemAxon attendees included all those responsible for a product.
The UGM was held in the Royal Sonesta Boston, located on the Charles River in Cambridge. Before the meeting there was a mixer on the patio overlooking the river and the lights of the city. After the first day the group adjourned to Flat Top Johnny's, a trendy pool hall in 1 Kendall Square, which is a center for high-tech firms.
Overview of ChemAxon by Alex Drijver
· (Presentation in our Library) ·return to TOC
To open the UGM Alex Drijver presented the vision of ChemAxon entitled "From the Back End to the Mobile Device": "Taking our world leading chemistry representation coupled with its enterprise grade platform (robust, scalable, proven) and delivering solutions to the scientist in a modern, flexible, configurable, intuitive user interface."
Key elements of this vision are the best chemistry representation coupled with the industry-leading back end; adapting ChemAxon's solutions to the changing needs of its customers; providing the infrastructure to enter data where it is generated including on a mobile device; and supporting the needs of collaboration between companies. This represents an evolution in the mindset of ChemAxon from toolkits to solutions. Alex emphasized that enhancements to ChemAxon capabilities will be guided by the needs of groups of customers.
Coupled with this vision of providing solutions is the recognition of the many markets that are served by ChemAxon technology: major life science, agricultural, fine chemical, and petrochemical companies; biotechs and academic institutes; CROs and service companies; publishing, databases, and learning; and integration partners.
By committing 30% of revenue to new products, ChemAxon has developed exciting developments to support this vision: Marvin JS, a chemical drawing browser component; the Plexus Suite, a comprehensive web-based chemical spreadsheet and scientist user interface; Document to Structure/Document to Database, which supports searching for and indexing structures in disparate or unstructured data sources; Biologics editor and methods to standardize, search, index, and register biologics; enhancements to the Markush technology with focus on extraction of Markush structures from documents; Compliance Checker to check any legal entanglements on a proposed compound; supporting open innovation with a full turnkey solution; and ChemCurator of IP analysis involving extracting, visualizing, and searching chemical information from patents.
Alex summarized his vision with a quote from a customer "looking to the future, I don't know anyone else who I would trust my chemistry with … other than with ChemAxon".
The ChemAxon Product Profile
A set of talks further elaborated the vision for the evolution of the ChemAxon product profile. Doug Drake provided the overview, reminding attendees that the vision of ChemAxon is to "enable scientists to manage their chemical data via a modern and cost effective suite of informatics tools and applications that have been developed together with customers and partners." Of the 140 staff, 75% are in product development. To support the changing needs of customers ChemAxon releases new products and three product updates every year. These new capabilities are designed in partnership with users.
ChemAxon sees the change in the industry landscape from big company silos to multi-organization collaborations. There is also a need for modular, configurable, powerful visualization; more facile integration with third party tools and databases; and shifting technology away from Java and Oracle.
A conceptual map how ChemAxon products are used is shown in Table 1. Note that many of the products serve more than one function: the Plexus Suite encompasses all functions. Another example is Instant JChem, while it is designed for storage of chemical structures and associated data; it also provides tools for data analysis and reporting. On the other hand, Structure Checker/Standardizer is used only during storage and Compliance Checker only during analysis. Subsequent talks elaborated on how the products serving the various functions have evolved to better serve the functions.
div class="align-center"> <a class="lightbox" href="href="https://revamp.chemaxon.com/app/uploads/2014/12/ChemAxon-portfolio.png">
Table 1: ChemAxon Portfolio
Data creation, registration, and evaluation · return to TOC
András Strácz reviewed the current and new ChemAxon capabilities for data creation, registration, and evaluation. Drawing chemical and query structures and chemical reactions is a key element of data creation. The newly released Marvin JS provides a chemistry-aware chemical editor. It has enhanced support for R-group definition including homology groups and attachment points. It also supports the entry of chemical reactions with manual or automatic reaction mapping, electron flow, and lone pairs. Enhancements to the definition of query structures include the ability to specify atom or bond query properties. Structures can be entered into Marvin JS via import dialog or by pasting from MarvinSketch, ChemDraw or simple pasting a structure file, InChI, CAS number, name, or SMILES directly onto the canvas. Lastly, ChemAxon introduced a full Markush editor that will be of use as a desktop application for combinatorial chemistry. The biomolecule editor in development will support the drawing and registration of complex biomolecules.
András then described how one can load data into the system. The three copy functions formerly in JChem for Excel have been reduced to one button that is aware of the type of data to be copied. It is simple to import data and structures from JChem for Excel or MarvinView into Instant JChem. The Document to Structure suite, which can be opened in any ChemAxon application, recognizes in documents the chemical structures identified by a name, InChI, SMILES, or corporate ID. The chemical recognition capabilities are extended with optical character recognition with error handling designed for chemical names and optical structure recognition. Chinese and Japanese Name to Structure are recent additions to the capabilities of Document to Structure. The application also processes Markush structures; the processing can be automatic or user-supervised.
Data storage · return to TOC
Petr Hamernik then described how chemical structures are corrected and stored in JChem Base and JChem Cartridge. Structure Checker/Standardizer ensures that the structures entered represent a possible chemical compound and that the drawing conforms to pre-established rules or conventions. Special attention is paid to tautomer handling. These capabilities are also part of the Registration system. Registration can also be integrated with ELNs. There are also enhancements to Compliance Checker, an application that checks if a compound is covered by any regulatory documents.
The new application, Plexus Suite, is integrated with Instant JChem which is an administration tool and gives an interface to JChem Base and Cartridge and the Registration package, which in turn can reach Structure Checker/Standardizer. By integrating the Java and .NET APIs and web services Plexus operates on all operating systems, accesses all ChemAxon databases, and provides the same results to the user, independent of the hardware used. Support for the PostreSQL cartridge will be released soon.
Development of Instant JChem also continues. It can now access the Microsoft SQL server; administrator tools have been enhanced; and query features are now selectable and configurable. Row level security has also been added. There are plans to enhance the user experience by reducing the number of clicks necessary for some common tasks and to provide better support for developers.
Analysis and Refinement · return to TOC
Miklós Szabó reviewed the ChemAxon tools for Analysis and Refinement. In addition to company customers, these tools are used in the Lilly Open Innovation in Drug Discovery, the European Lead Factory, and AstraZeneca Open Innovation. In particular, the latter three use ChemAxon tools for collaborative enumeration, filtering, novelty checking, and refinement of chemical libraries. The library analysis involves measuring the overlap with known compounds, for example those at chemicalize.org. Reports can be MS Office documents, on the web portal, files such as sdf or pdf, email, or SharePoint. A new water solubility plugin is available to use as a filter. A key capability for collaboration is the support of user privileges and roles.
In contrast to the design of libraries discussed in the previous paragraph, medicinal chemistry projects are typically iterative, with design cycles initiated when new biological test results are available. Again the structure filters, JChem for Excel, Instant JChem, Compliance Checker, and sometimes Metabolizer are useful. To provide more informative graphics, connections of Instant JChem to Viz and Spotfire visualization programs are now available. Text searching in Instant JChem now results in the query being highlighted in the hits. Also new in Instant JChem is the capability to sort or query calculated fields. In JChem for Office with a single click one can prepare an SAR table. As in Instant JChem, structure and property filtering in Excel are supported. Medicinal chemistry projects often use Metabolizer to prioritize compounds for synthesis. Metabolizer not only predicts sensitive sites, but also predicts metabolic transformations and detects possible metabolic pathways that might involve a compound. Lastly, medicinal chemistry design often considers the 3D properties of the molecules. For this purpose Screen3D is highly effective.
Reporting and Sharing Information · return to TOC
Aurora Costache discussed reporting and sharing of information. Information to be shared might be internal reports, scientific publications, patents, global data, knowledge, discussions, and collaboration.
MarvinSketch is useful for molecule and reaction reporting. Particularly relevant is that abbreviated group labels can be formatted and display of M/P flags for atropisomers will soon be released (released in version 14.10.20).
Instant JChem provides support for global data management, collaboration, and data contained in reports and patents. Reports can be in the form of templates for the database, or exported .pdf or Microsoft office files. Instant JChem now supports enhanced charting, for example, gathering data from two related tables, a palette of widgets to aid design of templates for data display, and rich text and HTML support. New usability features include filtering and sorting in project explorer, user-friendly names for lists and queries, and sorting and querying in calculated fields. In addition, it will provide the ability to query time periods, for non-administer users to create calculated fields, new tools for administrators to manage test/productions environments. When data is exported to Excel it will keep the formatting from Instant JChem.
JChem for Office provides support for knowledge sharing; accessing data present in and creating reports, scientific publications, patents, and publications. One can populate a JChem for Excel file by searching a JChem database or providing a list of IDs. Data selected for importing from Instant JChem need not include chemical structures. The JChem for Excel capability to convert ISIS, SymyX, ChemDraw, and Accord Excel files has been speeded up considerably. Structures in a JChem for Excel file can then be analyzed in an R-group table. One can save the file in a format that can be seen by Excel users who do not have JChem for Excel.
Support for publishing is provided by Marvin, Naming, and JChem for Office. Structures can be saved as images, IUPAC or common names, our structure drawing in journal style formats.
Support for patent preparation is provided by Marvin and Naming. In particular, R-Group Decomposition leads to Markush structures and, for the exemplified structures, Structure to Name provides IUPAC names. The resulting Patent document can be stored as .sdf or .mrv files or in a database.
Instant JChem supports sharing in large organizations by providing a url to results or sharing forms to view database data. On the other hand, JChem for SharePoint provides chemical structures in lists, blogs, discussing boards, wikis, and live sessions shared by collaborators. Within JChem for SharePoint one can do a chemically aware search of databases, file shares, and reports repositories. The Plexus Suite and JChem for SharePoint support global data management, knowledge sharing, discussions, and collaboration.
The Biomolecule Toolkit
· (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Roland Knispel reported on the in-development ChemAxon's Biomolecule toolkit that extends the JChem platform to biologics. It adds registration, search, and property predictions of complex biological molecules such as oligonucleotides, proteins, antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, etc., including those that contain unnatural and chemically modified components. The toolkit provides a standardized representation of such molecules, supporting an all-atom description yet preserving sequence-based information.
A browser-based client uses the HELM editor and Marvin to define monomers and start the registration process. It recognizes sequence, FASTA, any format recognized by Marvin, and HELM/XHELM formats. The definition, editing, and rendering of biomolecules are facilitated by embedding the open source OpenHELM components. Structures can be viewed as full 3D, all atom, schema, or sequence. Sequences can contain unnatural residues and modifications. Schema provide for custom nonstandard representation. A canonical representation of the structures aids identifying duplicates that had been represented differently. The application also allows one to enumerate libraries of a starting sequence using rule-based sequence replacements.
The biomolecule registration database is linked to a JChem Base monomer database. The browser client also supports database querying for subsequences, chemical modifications, and non-natural residues, as well as substructures. The biomolecule toolkit is integrated with ChemAxon Registration, JChem Base, Plexus Suite, Instant JChem, and JChem for Office. The toolkit is available for early phase testing as a SOAP or REST web service API.
Plexus Suite
Plexus Suite Overview · return to TOC
Miklós Szabó introduced Plexus Suite, the ChemAxon Collaborative Research Platform. The design is based on interviews with customers as to the problems they have with ChemAxon and other software. They identified the following: that current apps are too complex and non-intuitive; it is difficult to access data from multiple sources; project data included in emails is lost; collaboration tools are lacking; data sharing is difficult; ELNs are difficult to search and maintain; and access to 3D tools is often limited. With these problems in mind, the goal of Plexus is to provide a simple and intuitive user interface with context sensitive menus and business and feature toggles.
Although cheminformatics is "solved", it needs to be integrated into the user's workflow. For example, medicinal chemistry projects typically involve a cycle of chemical synthesis, biological testing, analysis of the results, and enumeration and filtering of suggested follow-up compounds. Accordingly, the Plexus Suite Modules include Plexus Design (enumerate, calculate, cluster), Plexus Registration to register compounds and query those already registered, Plexus Analysis (to be released in early 2015; charting, pivot and aggregate, SAR) as well the Plexus Connect which will allow one to view and query relational data.
Plexus Suite supports collaboration with role-based login and access to forms, row-level security, the ability to share queries and lists. Integration with Microsoft Office is part of the design. (Presentation in our Library)
Plexus Connect · return to TOC
David Deng continued the discussion of Plexus Suite with more focus on Plexus Connect. The user logs in using a simple web form. From there one can search databases, reuse a saved query, etc., making it ideal for end-users. Instant JChem is the administrative tool for Plexus Suite.
Daniel Bonniot continued the Plexus Suite presentation by describing the relationship of Document to Database to Plexus Suite and how it expands the utility of Document to Database. As the name implies, Document to Database process documents of various types in various locations and formats and creates a database of the chemical structures and the context in which the structure is found. This database typically has forms for viewing the data and built-in security. Plexus Connect uses these forms and security to present the data and search capabilities to the end-user. (Presentation in our Library)
Plexus Design · return to TOC
Ágnes Peragovics continued the Plexus Suite presentation with more focus on Plexus Design. Designed molecules can be enumerated from a Markush structure or from a reaction. For Markush the user controls how many molecules will be enumerated. In reaction enumeration, the user can specify a database to search for appropriate starting materials or search for reactions to use with known reactant types. Plexus Design can be integrated with StarDrop or LiveDesign to further filter the designed molecules. (Presentation in our Library)
Plexus Analysis · return to TOC
She then discussed Plexus Analysis, still under development and to be launched in 2015. It provides property viewers for a single molecule to show how it compares with the properties of all the molecules that have been selected or enumerated. Various data analysis techniques will be developed in order to provide abilities for structure and activity relationship studies. (Presentation in our Library)
Plexus Registration · return to TOC
David Deng then discussed Plexus Registration. It is a key component of the workflow analysis/design, enumeration, and synthesis and the workflow biology, analysis/design and filtering.
He then recapped the Plexus Suite presentations by pointing out that Plexus accesses great cheminformatics, extensive toolkits, and unique areas of ChemAxon expertise such as Markush and Asian language support for chemical names. It does this to extend chemistry to a new platform, one that needs no local installation and is independent of operating systems and Java. In addition, it can be used on other platforms such as touch devices. Because it is web-based, Plexus is easy to integrate with third party software and supports easy information sharing.
Plexus Suite development will continue with further Modules being released in 2015 and project management and synthetic chemistry farther down the pipeline. The priorities for development depend on user comments. (Presentation in our Library)
Compliance Checker
Compliance Checker was developed together with the Pistoia Alliance to identify compounds that are subject to legislative rules concerning controlled substances. They may be illegal drugs and certain classes of prescription medications. Local, national, and international laws cover the production, import/export, supply, use, and possession of controlled substances. National laws of different countries often differ in their restrictions. Compliance Checker was designed to robustly support compliance regardless of geographic location while maintaining flexibility to adapt to changing legislation.
It is built on ChemAxon's JChem Base using an application marketed in Japan since 2006 and used there by more than thirty companies. It currently covers regulations from North America, India, Japan, and most of the European countries. Compliance Checker performs a series of superstructure searches to identify controlled substances. These searches are finely tuned to include as hits those specified as "Any ester or ether of …" as well as "and not…" It can be used beyond controlled substances, for example to detect toxic or dangerous substances or to detect those that are subject to environmental protection laws.
The Compliance Checker Server can be access via a web client for a quick or batch check, a Windows client for batch processing of large numbers of compounds, a SOAP interface for access from external systems such as ELNs or Registration, and command line for access to batch processing and incorporation into Pipeline Pilot or KNIME. All access the same check engine.
ChemCurator
Árpád Figyelmesi and Daniel Bonniot de Ruisselet introduced ChemCurator, an application for chemical document curation and management. Knowing the relevant patent literature is an essential component of successful drug discovery. However, existing databases are often incomplete or of questionable quality; manual processing of patents of interest is slow and requires considerable expertise whereas automatic processing has yielded questionable results; and users want to be able to visualize and analyze the results of a patent search.
To solve these problems, ChemAxon has developed a number of data extraction tools. Name to Structure now recognizes names in English, Chinese, and Japanese. The names can be common, drug, or IUPAC. Japanese was added in 2014, following English in 2008 and Chinese in 2013. Comparing the overlap between the English and Chinese patents of the same compounds validated the Chinese Name to Structure.
The process starts with annotation of files in XML, PDF, HTML format or direct import from Google Patents or IFI Claims. Optical structure recognition with third party tools (CLiDE or OSRA) is also supported. Markush structures and specific structures can be extracted from patents, journal articles and company reports. The built in Markush Editor and Markush validation are key to the success of extracting Markush structures from patents.
ChemCurator can exchange data with other ChemAxon products via an Integration Server using Instant JChem (IJC) schema for storing the data. The extracted chemical information is now available from Instant JChem and it is also accessible from Plexus. Because ChemCurator uses standard file formats it easily complements third party tools.
Markush technology
Árpád Figyelmesi elaborated on the expansion of capabilities of the representation of Markush structures. Already in place were the ability to handle R-groups, atom and bond lists, position variations, link nodes, repeating units, and homology groups. These technologies are used in Markush substructure, full structure, and duplicate searching; in Markush enumeration, random, subset, or related to a query; R-group decomposition; and Structure Checker. ChemAxon has recently added the ability to describe R-group bridging, for example the possibility that two R-groups could link together to form a ring.
A Markush editor was recently developed. It shows a tree view of the Markush; the scaffold and R-group definitions; and a preview of enumeration. Also new is the first version of Markush Composer that generates a Markush from a set of compounds. ChemAxon has also developed a tool to measure the overlap between two patents. It shows the percentage of overlap and the Overlapping Markush—all of this with no enumeration and no limitation on the number of compounds represented by a Markush. Coming soon will be Markush standardization, similarity search, and visualization. There are also plans to enhance the representation to include such definitions as "R1 contains at least one nitrogen atom".
Marvin JS
Efi Hoffmann discussed Marvin JS, the result of the major effort to create a fast, smart, easy-to-use chemical drawing web component. It is part of ChemAxon's commitment to balancing usability and power for creating chemistry on the web. She reminded the group that Marvin started as a Java application, then was incorporated into .NET as Marvin Beans as well as the Marvin Applet. Marvin JS is not a simple copy/paste of the features of Marvin. Rather, the redesign seeks to capitalize on the special power of JavaScript, in particular its adoptability for touch devices. The goal is to design Marvin JS so that it is fast, intuitive, and incorporates great chemistry—this is kept on a server. Marvin JS includes basic chemical drawing, editing, and IO; drawing of reactions including full support for drawing mechanisms and electron flow arrows; support for templates, abbreviated groups, query and Markush structures; and basic 3D viewing. One can drag and drop .mrv or .cdx structures into the drawing panel. Reaction mapping can be performed automatically of manually. In the 3D viewer, one can rotate, zoom, and clean. Clean is done on the server.
Erin Bolstad described several consultancy projects, some simple and some more complex. The consulting team includes consultants and application scientists in the USA and Hungary, dedicated consulting developers in the Czech Republic and Argentina, plus help from the more than 100 ChemAxon developers. Their expertise goes beyond customization of ChemAxon software and integration of third party software to project management, solutions/packaging, software design and development, and toolkit development. Examples of completed projects include extensive support for migration to ChemAxon software: database migration, customized development, form and data-access design, and customized training. Other projects include customized developer and end-user training, customized thin clients, and integrating existing and in-house technologies.
For DuPont they implemented a Document to Database system. It trawls their stored documents and ELN for information. They designed a web application that supports complex queries and links back to the relevant ELN page.
The consultancy group updated the existing Novartis reaction database. This involved migrating from the legacy ISIS database and incorporating a live feed from the CambridgeSoft ELN. The resulting AJAX-style web application provides query and filtering. There is also a web services interface.
For GSK the group added the ability to view ChemAxon data and structures in Spotfire. It is planned that this will develop into a marketed product.
The group also developed a Customized Product Incubator, targeting small to medium-sized companies. It provides simple compound registration system within Instant JChem. For chemistry registration it handles the usual complexities of batches and samples. To assist handling of biological assay results it provides aggregation at the database level.
The group also provides large-scale project management for global pharma. For example, the group was involved at GSK for more than three years during which they managed the roll-out of Instant JChem as a global reporting tool, assisted and trained GSK personnel on the customization of Instant JChem, and created additional administrative software. At BMS they were involved for more than two years during which it provided customization and development for global roll-out needs, training, migration of data, and consulting on data-mart integration. In addition, they developed a thin client.
As a final example, Erin discussed their role of providing customized components for large collaborative initiatives. For example, the Innovative Medicines Initiative, part of the European Lead Factory, aims to boost pharmaceutical innovation in Europe by supporting collaborative research projects and building networks of experts. The European Lead Factory is an alliance of dozens of participating organizations that collaborate to identify novel leads. ChemAxon designed the applications for reviewing, and selection library proposals. The user interface provides support for workflows for three different types of user and different levels of access for the submitter, review committee member, and review committee chair. To submit a library, the scientist sketches the scaffold with Marvin JS, then either uploads an SDF of the whole library, uploads an MRV file with a Markush library, or picks R-groups and uses Markush Enumeration to generate the library. The scientist also enters the rationale and synthesis validation. The application then identifies related known compounds by doing a substructure search against a reference set of 12 million structures. It then filters the compounds against a set of SMARTS filters supplied by the EFPIA members and checks them with Compliance Checker. Lastly, it provides scatter graphs and histograms of calculated properties. At this point the scientist can hand over ownership of the library idea to the European Lead Factory. To prepare the library for evaluation, the application now generates a histogram of the most similar structure in the reference set for each compound in the suggested library. With this application ChemAxon reduced the time for such a comparison from days to less than a half-hour. The Library Selection Committee uses all of this data to score each library on molecular properties, structural features, novelty, diversity potential, synthetic tractability, and innovation. The committee chair is pleased with the web tool, stating: "The procedure for assessing and processing the proposals has been straightforward. The tool has …saved huge time for both library proposal submitters and members of the Library Selection Committee."
ChemAxon software is also used in Open Innovation Drug Discovery, an Eli Lilly-led effort, and open innovation at GSK.
Concluding: the Consultancy Group provides product development, customization, and integration; workflow design and management; project management; and creative solutions to customer's needs.
Partner Session
ChemAxon has many integration partners, some of which made short presentations.
Agilent Technologies · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Antoni Wandycz presented their OpenLab software and informatics system that captures and analyzes data from their many analytical instruments; shares and protects content; captures, analyzes, and shares information in an ELN. It supports sharing standardized workflows, tracking of analyses, and a built-in audit trail. In early 2015 they will introduce a version for mobile devices.
BSSN Software · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Frank Itschert also addressed the challenges to integrate analytical data. There is an emerging ASTM XML standard developed by a consortium of industry, academic, vendor, and government bodies. In the interim, BSSN has developed support for most of the open and vendor formats to allow users to view analytical data on the desktop, in a web browser, and mobile devices. He showed preliminary views of spectra and chromatograms integrated into Instant JChem forms and tables and Plexus Suite.
Cambridge Semantics · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Richard Mallah described enabling chemically-aware semantic searches. The Anzo Pharma Information Workbench uses Semantic Web technology to provide tools for companies to build customized information-driven solutions for specific business problems. By incorporating JChem Base into the Anzo Enterprise Server, Marvin JS users can perform chemical searches across disparate data sources. The hits are returned with the relationships to other data, for example side effects of a drug or histograms or pie charts of properties of molecules that match a search query.
Certara · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
David Lowis focused on their D360 product, which he described as a self-service data analytics tool. Any scientist can construct a data view without knowing the specific data location or format, without knowing Oracle or web services, and including data visualizations and analyses. Queries and data views can be shared. D360 supports JChem Cartridge and web services as well as ChemAxon Registration and Property Calculators. For the desktop they support Marvin and JChem for Excel.
Chemical Inventory · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Dann Vestergaard reminded the audience of the value of an inventory of chemicals at a site; it saves time and money if a needed chemical is already available.
Core informatics · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Jeff Noonan pointed out the accelerating trend of externalization of research. In addition, the rapidly expanding use of cloud services and tablets presents challenges for IT software. Core Informatics strategy is to design for mobile devices using a flat user-interface that is touch friendly. The application is hosted in the cloud or on-premises and delivered on desktops, laptops, tablets, and smart phones. It integrates instruments, samples, assays, context, and visualizations. A key ingredient of its ELN is its leverage of ChemAxon's suite of tools.
DeltaSoft · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Diana Soto presented ChemCart, their integrated suite of applications for Discovery Research. For 18 years the company provided highly focused R&D informatics. Since 2005 they have integrated ChemAxon technology into ChemCart. ChemCart modules include reagent inventory, ELN, CRO collaboration, structure registration, sample tracking, bioassay support, and a browser of ChemCart for Excel to analyze structure-activity relationships.
KNIME · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Aaron Hart described the integration of JChem into KNIME's graphical programming environment. Nodes representing JChem Cartridge/JChem Base, R-group decomposition, calculators, and Markush enumeration are available. Users can sketch structures into a workflow using Marvin JS. KNIME provides Bayesian modeling based on chemical hashed fingerprints. Their Distance Matrix Pair Extractor facilitates matched pairs analysis.
Lab-Ally · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Rob Day described their ELNs, which provide affordable data management integrated with ChemAxon tools. RSpace ELN is designed specifically for enterprise deployment at universities. Its user interface is designed to be simple, intuitive, and easy-to-use. This simplicity drives ready adoption. It uses MarvinSketch for drawing chemical structures or search queries. CERF ELN provides a compliant ELN for managing data in secure research. For example, it supports, tracks, and versions chemistry files and data but uses the native application to view or edit it. It features advanced semantic metadata and search technologies and integrates Microsoft Excel and Word in Windows machines. One can plan their work, document the findings, and fill in the data (including images), all in the CERF Notebook. Plugins display live, rotatable structures.
Linguamatics · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Susan LeBeau described their expertise in natural language text mining that extracts information and relationships from text. Their product I2E identifies entities and relationships between them. For example nimesulide inhibits COX2, which has Entrez Gene ID: 5743. It uses ChemAxon's Name to Structure to find chemicals in text and produces human readable names for compounds via Structure to Name, thus ensuring consistent naming of the same structure. I2E uses ChemAxon tools to support substructure and similarity searching across millions of documents. It reports back information associated with the structures and can export this into JChem for Excel.
Optibrium · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Matt Segall presented StarDrop5™, software for small molecule design, optimization, and data analysis. The core philosophy of StarDrop is to discover molecules with the correct balance properties to optimize not only potency, but also solubility, drug safety (via Derek Nexus), metabolic stability (via QM calculations), and absorption. He showed their new card display that summarizes the important properties of individual molecules, but also can form part of a multiple-card display to show relationships between molecules. It is integrated with Plexus.
Schrödinger · (Presentation in our Library) · return to TOC
Scott Becket presented an overview of LiveDesign™, a browser-based interactive platform that supports collaborative design within a team of computational and medicinal chemists. It incorporates ChemAxon's Markush Enumeration, Plexus Suite, and Schrödinger graphics display and docking of small molecules into protein binding sites. The inventor and date of ideas are tracked, as are comments and annotations from the team.
Reports from Customers
Of course, the success of a software company depends on whether customers are satisfied with the products. Hence, customer reports are a key ingredient of a successful user group meeting.
Zhenbin (Benjamin) Li presented an overview of BI's project to replace their MDL system. Beginning in 2008 they compared cheminformatics tools from ChemAxon, Accelrys Accord, Symx MDL and Cambridge Soft. In 2011-2012 the piloted ChemAxon, and in 2013 started migration of systems and applications to ChemAxon technology. Their selection criteria included the quality of the software, both reliability and extensibility; service, specifically consulting and customization; a favorable financial contract; and the company culture including work ethic, stability, and familiarity with the global pharmaceutical industry. They used an evolutional approach by migrating interdependent systems at the same time. Because the information system members had little exposure to ChemAxon technologies, an advisory committee of experts in chemistry informatics from different operational units provided service, consulting, training, and tutoring for IS developers. He listed a number of experiences, pain points, and opportunities for ChemAxon. His summary indicated that the migration was smooth, but that the effort to curate the data should not be underestimated as it requires engagement of both IS and business groups.
Dana Vanderwall described their DARE Project, Data and Analytics for Research. The goal was to simplify the workflow for gathering and analyzing structure-activity data by using Instant JChem tied to data marts. For this they, too, used a phased approach. They started in 2012 with prototyping and finally decommissioning legacy applications at the end of 2014. The system provides automated data management in that when a user creates a new cell or table they are automatically promoted into the Instant JChem schema and Instant JChem forms. The Instant JChem datamarts access the IBM patent database, a record of high throughput mutagenesis and chiral separations, as well as drug safety and metabolite data. Currently there are 1455 forms and grids, 288 saved queries, and 474 saved lists that access 211 data trees from 2400 fields. There are generally 1,000 – 2,000 database connections a day. The migration has shifted the workload from query and discovering to alerting and reporting when new data is added to the system. The changeover was attractive to some users whereas others needed more encouragement. It was critical to maintain the familiar capabilities. He also commented on the need for the community to agree on standards for the description of biological assays.
Brett Heimenz reminded the audience that GSK started using ChemAxon tools across its enterprise systems to replace ISISBase in 2009, with Rollout in mid 2011, using Instant JChem. A collaboration with ChemAxon produced their new registration system. Scientists can use a web app for fix compounds that do not autoregister. GSK uses JChem to add chemistry to the GSK enterprise search engine. They provide support for desktop analysis tools, including a JChem for Spotfire plug-in developed by ChemAxon Services. Recently they have moved more effort into Plexus and are partnering with Schrödinger on LiveDesign. They plan to implement Plexus Connect in 2015.
Kevin Clark described their use of Document to Database to create a database of project team documents, including reviews, candidate profiles, medicinal chemistry design discussion, as well as reports on screening, in vivo tests, diagnostics and biomarkers, computational chemistry and structural biology presentations and suggestions, and publications. The documents are stored on Google Drive with searching provided by SOLR. By adding Document to Database, they were able to add chemical structure searching. Chemical structures are extracted with ChemAxon's naming technology (including structures associated with Gnumbers); by identifying ChemDraw, SymyxDraw, or MarvinSketch structures; or by optical structure recognition with OSAR, CLiDE, or Imago. Marvin JS is used to search the JChem Cartridge, which had been migrated from Accord. So far 79K out of 84K documents have been indexed, yielding over 150K structures with 30K from Gnumbers.
John Kinney reported that originally their project collaborations used Lotus Notes tied to ISIS/base for structure searching. When they moved to SharePoint, they switched to JChem for SharePoint — not only does it have a built-in trawler, it also supports simultaneous searching of text and chemical structures. They also use the AES SharePoint Bridge to access Pipeline Pilot protocols including a grid-based view of structure ideas. There is now interactive reporting to support faster browsing of reports, live pop-up molecules, and tooltips as well as information on the biological testing queue and results.
Gregory Landrum presented their use of ChemAxon Markush capabilities as a key component of their Compound Series and Favorites, CSF, Project. It is an application that helps medicinal chemists annotate and track chemical series within their project. CSF has a web-based front end that calls out to many NIBR services; a CSF service layer that uses RDKit for structure validation; and an Oracle database with JChem and Markush extensions. A project overview presents summaries of all series, named by the project chemists, for that project. A drill-down to a series overview shows the annotated relevant individual structures as well as a series summary. A further drill-down provides information on the design of an individual compound—this is entered by the inventor of the molecule. It includes the reasoning behind the design, links to literature or biological data, notes, and tags from a controlled vocabulary. Markush features define the scaffolds for the series. Structure search returns both individual and Markush structures. CSF is integrated with Spotfire.
Zhengwei Peng summarized their application that generates a vast virtual chemical space using ChemAxon Markush technology to encode the potential content of combinatorial libraries. The virtual library is useful for hit expansion, lead hopping, and idea generation. It was developed as collaboration between Merck and ChemAxon. It provides exact, sub-structure, or similarity searches. It is deployed as a service in a web or a rich GUI application and as a PLP protocol. A Pipeline Pilot workflow is used to construct and update VL content using combinatorial reaction information developed in the wet lab and automated reactant mining and filtering of reactant databases. It is stored in a pre-enumerated form. Searches return the specified number of enumerated hits as well as the library, reaction, and building blocks IDs. Their wish-list includes the usual performance enhancement so that they can go beyond their pilot database of 1010-12 structures and a framework for customer-built similarity search methods. (Presentation in our Library)
Peng also reminded the audience of the challenges and the need for solutions related to in-depth analysis of patent molecular spaces for drug discovery projects. Solving the problems would impact scientists and patent attorneys at pharma companies, patent offices, and patent content providers. Although the claimed chemical space covered by a patent can be encoded and searched today, the problem is that encoding these patents is slow and costly. Project chemists need to know if their lead compound is patentable and if the draft application Markush covers all the examples. They also need to know the competitive landscape in the particular area. Because there is no direct access to expert search tools for project chemists, these issues are typically addressed with an expert in patent searching and a patent attorney. Although ChemAxon has produced a prototype that uses Document to Structure to recognize structures in a patent and these structures can be then used to construct a Markush object, this is still a prototype. Peng made a plea for pharma companies to unite to support the goal of a patent application that serves medicinal chemists. (Presentation in our Library)
Xin Zhang presented their system that integrates drug design tools in a consistent visual interface. The DT workbench is a web-based application that provides computational models for use by medicinal chemists. It started as a prototype in 2008 with a substantial update in 2012 when they replaced ChemOffice with Marvin. Users interact with Marvin, which communicates with the Task Manager. The Task Manager in turn integrates Pipeline Pilot, KNIME, and script jobs. The first case study showed the use of their RS predictor that uses a program developed by Prof. Breneman's group to predict the site of metabolism. They modified the scripts to manage the MOE and Matlab licenses and multiple simultaneous users, to allow input from MarvinSketch, and to visualize the prediction results in MarvinView. Lead hopping is accomplished via a bioisoster database with the option to view the suggestions overlaid the lead structure.
Flately Discovery
Jinliang Sui from Flatley Discovery Lab, a small five-year old company that focuses on treatments for cystic fibrosis, discussed their informatics environment. Since August 2010 they have screened more than a million compounds as singletons and more than 40,000 combinations. They have one compound that will start clinical trials at the end of the year and another recently added to advanced pre-clinical testing. In the early years of the company they used ChemFinder backed by a Microsoft Access database for registration, search, and compound profiling. They now use ChemCart based on an Oracle database for the same activities. For SAR analysis and visualization they use Vortex and Pipeline Pilot. The magnitude of their high throughput screening requires extensive IT support—"great informatics experts are equally important as great scientists".
Kyoto Constella Technologies
Edmund Taylo described CzeekD an application for de novo compound design and optimization. The method uses a genetic algorithm to optimize structures built up from fragments generated by Recap rules on known compounds. It also supports structure substitution, addition/deletion, and bioisosteric replacements. The scoring function uses a computational model generated from compounds measured for the target activity. When the method was applied to the design of β2 adrenergic receptor ligands, 104 suggested compounds were prepared and 40 of these had IC50 values less than or equal to 30μM. For the design of V1b receptor ligands, 24 of 105 compounds had IC50 values less than or equal to 30μM. The method has also been used to design selective compounds.
Chemalytics / University of Missouri at Kansas City
Gerald J. Wycoff the described Chemalytics, a cloud-based system that delivers virtual screening to clients who don't have this infrastructure. It uses residual processing power in the cloud to provide low cost solutions for academic researchers. The key element is a job queueing model that allows lower-priority agents to use otherwise wasted cycles. They use ChemAxon tools for their structure database searching and visualization. Docking is done with AutoDock. Results are presented in a spreadsheet that is linked to Jmol for 3D visualization.
Zane Barlow and Margaret Trombley presented "Marvin JS Goes to College" in which they described their tutorial-homework platform for organic chemistry. The application provides specific directions to the student if a wrong answer is given. They are partnering with ChemAxon to develop a custom educational version of Marvin JS. It will separate out various tools to match specific answer types. For example, the tools for drawing mechanisms will be available only if the student is asked to draw a mechanism. This custom version of Marvin JS will be offered by Pearson beginning in January 2015.
on components for pipelining.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Musée des Beaux Arts is in the centre of Quimper, opposite the Cathedral, and home to a wonderful collection of paintings in a marvellous building. The collection is an amazing resource which can be visited time and time again, at leisure – we were only able to taste the offerings!
On our visit there was a special exhibition of self-portraits, on loan from the Quai d'Orsay Museum, no less.
The Museum has many paintings depicting Breton life in the past. The statue of King Gradlon is a model for the actual statue on the roof of the Cathedral.
The collection includes Classical French Paintings by painters such as Du Bois.


We're still updating our Walt Disney World Beer List iOS App!
This update puts the beer reviews we've done right in the beer's details. Instead of searching through the blog section, just pull up a beer and all the reviews for that beer are right there. You can of course still look through all our articles in the blog tab.
An iOS app surprise will be coming in the not too distant future, so keep an eye out (sorry Android users, it's not an Android app yet).


Last week James Mattis suddenly announced he was going to "retire" in February because of policies differences he has with the President. This news came the day after Donald Trump announced the United States would be pulling out of Syria and on the same day we also learned there would be a major draw down of troops in Afghanistan.
Earlier today Donald Trump announced that he did not want to wait until February to replace James Mattis by tweeting out the name of his replacement effective January 1st.
Needless to say liberals who are suddenly huge fans of the "Mad Dog" are outraged at the disrespect the President has shown James Mattis but honestly, if you have a Secretary of Defense who you know does not support what you are doing and you have a replacement ready to go who you know does then why bother waiting?
This is of course assuming that the replacement, in this case Patrick Shanahan, is the person you really want and are not rushing into a decision because you want to show up James Mattis because you feel he showed you up.
I hope that Donald Trump is making this decision for the right reasons and is not making a rash decision so that he can feel as if he had the last laugh. Time will tell if this was the right decision but if James Mattis was going to be a distraction then I think there was no reason to delay the inevitable.


text:
Handley Tigers Take Class 4A State Championship
Joe Gaither
Photo by J.R. Moore
The Handley Tigers (12-1) out of Roanoke, Alabama defeated the Gordo Greenwave (13-2) 35-20 to win the AHSAA Class 4A State Championship. The Tigers defeated both Tuscaloosa-area schools, American Christian Academy and Gordo, in consecutive weeks to win the championship in Bryant-Denny Stadium.
Tigers running back Tae Meadows dominated the contest, carrying the Handley offense with 38 carries for 264 yards and four touchdowns. Meadows cleared the 2,000 yard mark for his junior year in this game, he totaled 486 yards and eight touchdowns in back-to-back weeks in Tuscaloosa. The University of Tennessee gave him his first scholarship offer last week.
"Tae is a heck of a back man, he's as good as advertised and I think if you ask him, that offensive line they've got, they're pretty dog-gone good too. He's as good as advertised," said Gordo Coach Ryan Lolley. "They're a lot like us, they're hard nose, they're blue collar, they're going to get after it and they've got a tremendous team."
Dylan Brooks, 5-star prospect committed to Tennessee, was also pivotal to the Handley Tigers championship victory. Brooks notched five tackles with 1.5 sacks and helped offensively with one reception for 30 yards. His reception was the longest pass of the day for Handley and set up Meadows' first touchdown run.
Photo Courtesy of J.R. Moore
Handley quaterback Evan Cofield mixed in 17 rushing attempts for 84 yards and added 35 yards passing. Ayden Robertson only carried the ball once for the Tigers but the senior running back made it count by scoring the only other Handley touchdown.
Gordo made all its hay through the passing game, junior quarterback Tanner Bailey completed 16-of-36 for 222 yards and two touchdowns but was under heavy pressure all game long and unable to consistently move the ball. Bailey also got into the endzone on a short quaterback sneak.
Gordo was shut out in the second half, only amassing 41 yards of total offense and giving up three sacks, the Greenwave averaged 1.6 yards per play in the second half.
Bailey's touchdown passes went to Hunter Oglen and Ben Capps. JT Billups led the team in receiving with six receptions for 75 yards, Capps had four receptions for 64 yards and a touchdown, Oglen reeled in three passes for 43 yards and the score.
Gordo fought hard defensively but did not have enough to stop the Handley rushing attack. Handley rushed for 340 yards to Gordo's 38 in the game. Gordo senior linebacker Tyrell Mayberry gave his best effort, accumulating 15 tackles and one sack in the game, Capps helped him from the safety position with 11 tackles.
The Handley Tigers defeated the Gordo Greenwave 35-20 to win its first AHSAA Class 4A State Championship since 2016.
Top Recruits in the State of Alabama
Filed Under: AHSAA, AHSAA Playoffs, Gordo Greenwave, Gordo High School Football, Handley Tigers, State Football Playoffs


[Announcement] Crusaders of Solaria close on 2015/05/14 @ 12:00 GMT+8!
Dear Crusaders, we regret to inform you that after carefully considering the games current performance, we have decided to close Crusaders of Solaria on 2015/05/14 at 12:00 GMT+8. Click to know more details.
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Crusaders of Solaria will be having a Maintenance on all servers on February 4th at 1:00 AM EST (6:00 AM GMT, 14:00 GMT+8).
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Crusaders of Solaria will be having a Maintenance on all servers on January 28th at 1:00 AM EST (6:00 AM GMT, 14:00 GMT+8). Servers are expected to be down for 2 hours, but could be longer. Click to read patch notes.
Crusaders of Solaria Maintenance on 1/21 @ 1:00 EST!
Crusaders of Solaria will be having a Maintenance on S1 - S9 on January 21st at 1:00 AM EST (6:00 AM GMT, 14:00 GMT+8). Servers are expected to be down for 2 hours, but could be longer. Click to read patch notes.
A server merge is scheduled for Wednesday, the 14th of January beginning at 1:00 AM EST (14:00 GMT +8). Involved servers will be down for approximately 2 to 3 hours to allow for adequate testing, but could be longer. Click to know more.
Crusaders of Solaria will be having a Maintenance on S1 - S9 on January 7th at 01:00 AM EST (6:00 AM GMT, 14:00 GMT+8). Servers are expected to be down for 2 hours, but could be longer. Click to read patch notes.


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Online Casino Sets a New Record for Progressive Jackpots April 30th marks a special day in the history books.Some of the most important events in history occurred on this day; George Washington became the first US President, Louisiana was sold to the United States by France, and the Vietnam War reached its end. April 30th 2005 marks another important milestone in our history, witnessing the biggest jackpot ever to be paid by an online casino.A 30-years old woman by the name of Cari M. from Tennessee entered the record books, winning a staggering amount of $1,853,850 while playing Gold Rally 8-line Slots at the Swiss Casino. The online casino is a member of the Winajackpot network of Playtech-powered online casinos.The previous record for progressive jackpots was also held by an online casino affiliated with the Winajackpot network.It was set in this passing January by Alex O. from Chile, and it stood at $1,031,270. Impressively enough, Cari M. record-breaking achievement not only marks the highest jackpot ever won at an online casino, but it also marks the sixth consecutive time in which the record is set playing Gold Rally at a Winajackpot online casino.Gold Rally has increasingly become a fan-favorite among online casino players.It is a progressive 8-line slot game featuring a Wild West motif, and showcasing two interactive bonus stages. What makes Cari M. accomplishment even more amazing is the fact that she had only started playing 3 months prior to that.


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UA Rodeo Riders Not Just Horsing Around
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What does it take to be successful in life? The courage to take on big responsibilities? The ability to perform under pressure? The presence of mind to care for your team members? The drive to see an effort through to the finish?
Members of the University of Arizona Rodeo Club get all this and much more. Through their involvement in the club, the UA rodeo riders build skills that they'll use for the rest of their days.
View the YouTube Video - "UA Rodeo Riders Not Just Horsing Around"
The Oldest Intercollegiate Rodeo Club in the World
On February 4th, 2012, 200 collegiate cowboys and cowgirls from ten colleges and universities across Arizona and New Mexico will gather to engage in a competition – a tradition – that dates back to 1939.
The men compete against one another in a variety of events: bull riding, saddle bronc riding, bareback riding, team roping, tie down roping and steer wrestling. Women's team members compete in goat tying, breakaway roping, barrel racing and team roping. In all events, speed, skill, strength, accuracy, quick thinking and grit determine the victors.
Winners of each event will walk away with a trophy belt buckle – the icon of the rodeo champion.
The event will take place at the Tucson Rodeo Grounds, also the home of Tucson's Fiesta de los Vaqueros which will take place just weeks later.
"We've had quite a few world champions here," says John Marchello, Ph.D. animal sciences faculty member and professor of meat science and muscle biology in theCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences. "When I came here in 1965, they needed an advisor for the rodeo club," he says. "A lot of youngsters I had in that time, their grandkids are coming back to rodeo."
Today, almost 50 years later, Marchello is still advising the group.
"He's kept the Arizona tradition alive," says Zach McFarlane, veterinary science major. "Heck, he's a legacy."
Why Ride?
So why ride rodeo? Many think it's an antiquated practice. Many say it's dangerous. But for sophomore Carollann Scott, journalism major and Rodeo Club president, it's about taking on challenge and using that opportunity to better herself.
"You walk in the arena, you get on that horse, you get on that bull, whatever you're doing, that's pressure. And that's intensity," she says. "Whether I'm going to be in broadcast journalism like I want to, I'll be able to be put on the spot. Our events don't take longer than ten seconds most of the time, and so you have ten seconds to give it all you got."
Marchello sees rodeo as an excellent way to learn life's tough lessons. "They learn competition. But they learn also that there are some hard knocks, "he says. "They learn how to handle those things."
"It's one of those sports where if someone goes better than you, you're going to go congratulate them and shake their hand. That's rodeo," says McFarlane. "Somebody had a better day than you."
Why at the UA?
In choosing journalism at the UA, "I was going to be able to not just learn broadcast or radio or print, I was going to be able to learn it all, and so that was really cool," Scott says. "And then they had a rodeo team."
But those two features were essential, and the UA was the right match for this bold spirit who struck out for her college adventure on her own in her truck pulling a trailer with all her stuff, three horses and her dog.
"We're proud to be cowboys and cowgirls," she whoops.
"I'm going to keep doing rodeo the rest of my life," says McFarlane. "I may have to take a break in vet school because it's so strenuous. But it's always going to be part of my life."
Check out the University of Arizona Rodeo Club.
Learn about college rodeo from the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association.
And just try and keep pace with the UA Rodeo Team. http://www.facebook.com/uarodeo


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Dow Recovers After Brutal Plunge as Recession Fears Weigh on Stock Market
Sam Bourgi in Markets News & Opinions March 25, 2019, 3:00 PM
| Source: AP Photo / Richard Drew
The Dow pared losses Monday, while the broader U.S. stock market extended its slide after an inverted yield curve stoked fears of an impending recession for the world's largest economy.
Dow Recovers; S&P 500, Nasdaq Continue Lower
All of Wall Street's major indexes opened lower at the start of the week, reflecting a tepid pre-market session for Dow futures. Losses had moderated in the final hour of trading, with he Dow Jones Industrial Average reversing a loss of 130 points to finish slightly higher. The index climbed 14.51 points, or 0.1%, to 25,516.83.
Boeing Co (BA) was the Dow's top performer, gaining 2.4%. Caterpillar Inc. (CAT) climbed 1.3% and Microsoft Corp (MSFT) finished 0.7% higher.
The broad S&P 500 Index of large-cap stocks declined 0.1% to close at 2,798.36 after having been down by as much as 0.3%. Losses were largely concentrated in information technology and financials stocks.
The technology-focused Nasdaq Composite Index shed 0.1% to 7,637.54. It was down by as much as 0.8% earlier.
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The Yield Curve Has Inverted
Stocks experienced a brutal selloff Friday after a closely-watched yield curve inverted for the first time in 12 years, sending a strong signal that the U.S. economy was heading toward recession. As Hacked reported Friday, the spread between the 3-month Treasury bill and 10-year note inverted for the first time since 2007 as investors piled into the perceived safety net of bonds.
The yield on the 10-year Treasury note fell as low as 2.42% on Friday, putting it below the yield on the three-month T-bill (2.455%). The spread between the two bond yields is the most closely watched by economists.
Under President Trump, the U.S. economy has managed to dodge recessionary headwinds to grow at its fastest rate in years. This included an annual growth clip of 4.2% in the second quarter of 2018, the fastest since the U.S. economy bounced back from the polar vortex in 2014.
Growth has stalled in recent quarters, falling as low as 2.6% annually in Q4. Though much better than most of its global counterparts, the U.S. economy is being pressured by a protracted trade war with China and a shaky manufacturing sector. Housing is also in the midst of a multi-year cool down due to affordability challenges and rising interest rates.
Next Read: Why Fake Crypto Volume Plague Could Actually Raise Odds of Bitcoin ETF Approval »
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Sam Bourgi: Financial Editor of CCN.com, Sam Bourgi has spent the past decade focused on economics, markets, and cryptocurrencies. His work has been featured in and cited by some of the world's leading newscasts, including Barron's, CBOE, Yahoo Finance, and Forbes. Sam is based in Ontario, Canada and can be contacted at sam.bourgi@ccn.com or at LinkedIn.


Our goal is to present a clear Biblical message in terms that will be relevant to the people of our community. Jesus made himself approachable to all and we will strive to reflect that in all we do as a church. A primary way we do this is at our Sunday morning worship services through contemporary music, drama, life stories and practical spoken word. Welcome to Crossroads!


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ARMS Version 3.2 Gets Special Trailer
Todd Black
ARMS was a surprise showing by Nintendo at the Switch reveal event. And then after some great promoting and beta tests, the game became a million plus seller for the new console. Fans loved the new way of fighting via extendable appendages, as well as the wacky boxing gloves, stages, and more. The game has slowly been updating with new characters and content. And another free update is coming soon.
Version 3.2 will be bringing some interesting new things to ARMS. First, it'll introduce a new stage called the Sparring Ring, which resembles a standard boxing ring of sorts. There's also going to be a new collective badge system for the game. You'll get badges for certain achievements you do.
Finally, a glimpse of Spring Man was shown at the end (and in the image attached to the trailer) and it seems like he's getting a very interesting power-up. Check out the trailer below:
A self-proclaimed Nintendo fanboy, born, bred, and Mushroom fed! He's owned every Nintendo handheld and every console since the SNES. He loved games so much he went and got a video game degree and dreams of writing video game stories