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Business & Economy >
Economy >
Budget 2018: Government unlikely to table FRDI Bill in Parliament
Updated Dec 19, 2017 | 09:59 IST | PTI
The Financial Resolution and Deposit Insurance Bill may not be introduced in Parliament even during the Budget Session, as the joint committee looking into it got an extension on Monday for submitting its report.
Financial Resolution and Deposit Insurance Bill
New Delhi: The Financial Resolution and Deposit Insurance Bill may not be introduced in Parliament even during the Budget Session, as the joint committee looking into it got an extension on Monday for submitting its report.
Lok Sabha Speaker Sumitra Mahajan informed the House that extension of time has been granted to the joint panel on the FRDI Bill "up to the last day of Budget Session, 2018". It also comes at a time when concerns have been raised in some quarters about certain provisions of the bill, which was
introduced in the Lok Sabha in August this year.
The joint committee on the FRDI Bill, 2017 has decided to seek an extension of time up to the last day of Budget Session, 2018, as the report of the joint committee would not be ready for presentation by December 15.
The joint committee's motion regarding the extension of time could not be moved on December 15 "as the House was adjourned after making obituary references. Hence, I have on behalf of the House granted the extension of time," Ms Mahajan said during Zero Hour.
The bill proposes to create a framework for overseeing financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, non-banking financial services (NBFC) companies and stock exchanges in case of insolvency.
The so-called "bail-in" clause in the draft legislation has been commented upon by experts as of bringing potential harm to deposits, in the form of savings accounts.
The 'Resolution Corporation', proposed in the bill, would look after the process and prevent the banks from going bankrupt. It would do this by "writing down of the liabilities", a phrase some have interpreted as a "bail-in".
It also empowers Resolution Corporation to cancel the liability of a failing bank or convert the nature of the liability. At present, all deposits up to Rs. 1 lakh are protected under the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act that is sought to be repealed by the bill. Last week, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said the government would fully protect public deposits in financial institutions and hinted at openness to changes in the bill.
Also Read: Arun Jaitley, Mukesh Ambani, Vishal Sikka: A look back at top newsmakers of 2017
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Push for trade pact will polarise BRICS nations, warns S. Africa
The Hindu | 12 October 2016
An immediate push for a BRICS Free Trade Agreement (FTA) will polarise heavily-industrialised and lesser-industrialised nations within the five-member grouping, warned South African trade and industry minister Rob Davies.
Speaking to The Hindu ahead of the Goa BRICS Summit, Davies said, the bloc comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa should instead adopt a practical and gradual approach of identifying opportunities in important sectors such as 'aircraft manufacturing & maintenance' to create value chains in the five emerging economies.
On the 'informal' proposal by China for a BRICS FTA, he said South Africa and the African continent have so far been mainly producers of primary products, but want to retain the policy space for industrialisation to reap the benefits of the 'Fourth Industrial Revolution' — meaning, industrialisation using computerisation and other latest technologies.
Referring to certain "structural imbalances" in BRICS trade, he said, for instance, South Africa mainly exports raw materials to China and imports fully-manufactured items from that country. If such a scenario continues, it will not help create value chains that will support industrialisation in South Africa, he said, adding that such imbalances need to be corrected first.
"So we can go for cooperation agreements and have business-to-business contacts, and not get enamoured by the title of a highly ambitious agreement that would only cater to the interests of some, but won't have broader developmental outcomes," he said, adding that BRICS countries should discuss ways to promote inclusive growth and reduce inequality.
Davies said it was important that the New Development Bank or the BRICS Bank identified viable renewable energy and infrastructure projects including in South Africa and India, and provide affordable finance. Also being discussed was a BRICS Visa for easier movement of people, he said.
Regarding the yet-to-be-concluded negotiations on the proposed India-Southern African Customs Union Preferential Trade Agreement that began in 2007, Davies said, "We had lost momentum, but there is an appetite to resume the talks."
The delays were due to the sensitivities involved in committing to lowering duty barriers. However, Davies said it is now "not entirely undoable" to have a PTA that is "fairly low in ambition." On other bilateral issues, he said many South African financial sector companies had problems regarding getting market access in India.
On the 'IBSA Dialogue Forum' aimed at promoting cooperation between India, Brazil and South Africa, Davies said though IBSA "has not been functioning well for a while and has lost momentum, it is absolutely relevant and should continue" despite the BRICS engagements as the three countries have developed several information- and capacity-sharing initiatives including on small businesses.
On India's proposal for a Trade Facilitation Agreement on Services at the World Trade Organisation-level, Davies said South Africa had so far not made a decision whether to support it, but added that he was not sure if such a pact pushing for easier temporary movement of skilled workers across borders would be agreed upon at a time when many in the developed world have opposed immigration.
On the move by the developed world to introduce "new issues" such as e-commerce and global value chains into the WTO's negotiations, he said "we are happy to have a conversation from a developmental perspective, but will not agree to rush from there to negotiation on trade rules" regarding the "new issues".
BRICS India South Africa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Premium Home Chevron icon It indicates an expandable section or menu, or sometimes previous / next navigation options. News
GOLDMAN SACHS WARNS: Risks are rising that bitcoin will fall through its February lows
Jonathan Garber
ATMs used for the digital currency bitcoin seen December 18 in Hong Kong.
ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images)
Bitcoin has broken support near $9,210.
The range of $7,687 to $7,198 is the next key level to watch, according to a Goldman Sachs team.
Goldman thinks the February low of $5,922 is in jeopardy.
Bitcoin bulls aren't out of the woods just yet, according to Goldman Sachs' technical-analysis team led by Sheba Jafari.
In a note sent to clients Sunday, Jafari and her team warn further selling is on the horizon and the February low of $5,922 a coin is in jeopardy now that short-term support at $9,210 is broken.
"The break is significant as implies potential for a more impulsive decline," Jafari said. "The next meaningful level is down at 7,687-7,198; includes the 200-dma and a 1.618 target off the high."
Bitcoin is off to a rocky start in 2018. The cryptocurrency came under intense selling pressure from mid-December to early February that shaved 70% off its value. It bottomed at $5,922 on February 6 before rallying to a high of $11,784 two weeks later.
But its price has struggled to break through $12,000, and it has fallen back below $10,000 amid stern warnings on the crypto space issued by the US Securities & Exchange Commission and reports that the large Japanese crypto exchange Binance was hacked. The cryptocurrency is down 31.5% this year.
As to how far bitcoin's price can fall, the Goldman team warns to pay attention to the mid- to low-$7,000 range, with the view that a breakdown of that level increases the likelihood of the February lows being taken out.
"The 200-dma in particular is important given that it held very well at the previous low in September," Jafari's team wrote. "Getting a close break this time around would warn of structural damage, increasing the risk of new local lows (<5,922). At this point, need to get back through 9,322 (the Feb. 26th low) for this to stabilize."
Get the latest Goldman Sachs stock price here.
More: Bitcoin Goldman Sachs Chart Of The Day


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Sterigmapetalum guianense är en tvåhjärtbladig växtart. Sterigmapetalum guianense ingår i släktet Sterigmapetalum, och familjen Rhizophoraceae.

Underarter

Arten delas in i följande underarter:

 S. g. guianense
 S. g. ichunense

Källor

Malpigiaordningen
guianense

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


32 * under qemu_cpu_list_lock, read with atomic operations.
178/* Start an exclusive operation.
208     * section until end_exclusive resets pending_cpus to 0.
230    /* 1. start_exclusive saw cpu->running == true and pending_cpus >= 1.
233     * decrement pending_cpus and signal the waiter.
235     * 2. start_exclusive saw cpu->running == false but pending_cpus >= 1.
236     * This includes the case when an exclusive item is running now.
241     * see cpu->running == true, and it will kick the CPU.
248             * while holding it; no need to check pending_cpus again.
256             * waiter at cpu_exec_end.
273     * we'll see cpu->has_waiter == true.
275     * 2. start_exclusive saw cpu->running == false but here pending_cpus >= 1.
280     * for the item to complete.
334             * neither CPU can proceed.


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De Pass, also spelled DePass or De Passe, is a surname. People with this surname include:

Eliot de Pass (1851–1937), English merchant
Alfred Aaron de Pass (1861–1952), South African businessman
Frank de Pass (1887–1914), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
Morris DePass (1895–1981), American Army officer
Suzanne de Passe (born 1946),  American television, music and film producer

See also
de Passe Jones Entertainment, American entertainment company
Linha de Passe, 2008 Brazilian drama film


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Stanley Cup Final: Lightning vs. Blackhawks – Game Four
The Lightning now lead the series, two games to one after a big win in Game 3 on Monday night. Tonight's game with be the fourth in the series taking stage at the Mad House on Madison, Chicago's United Center.
Tampa got away with a wild 3-2 victory over the Blackhawks almost stealing a 2-1 advantage in the series, and since then the media has jumped on the unexpected developments of the series, for instance how Cedric Paquette has now scored in two straight games for Tampa, this last one the winner, while Chicago Captain, Jonathan Toews doesn't have a goal in the series. Paquette was able to get in front of the net and tuck in a neat pass from teammate, defenceman Victor Hedman, who as of now is a Conn Smythe Trophy frontrunner. He also made an amazing 40-yard pass that sent Ryan Callahan in for the game's opening goal.
Lightning goaltender, Ben Bishop's status was up in the air going into Game 3, but he showed up and came through for his team. Meanwhile, on the other end of the ice Corey Crawford, played pretty solid for most of the game but in the third period also gave up the game-tying goal to Ondrej Palat just 13 seconds after Brandon Saad scored that gave the Blackhawks a very short-lived 2-1 lead.
Crawford gave up the winner as Hedman blazed up the middle of the ice, veered left and fed the 21-year-old Paquette for the goal which sucked all the air and energy out of the crowd, and put tension in the air as the Hawks pushed for a tying goal.
"It's frustrating," Toews said. "A lot of the things that we did today gave us the feeling we were going to come out on top."
Bishop did not look in top form. His knees creaked as crawled along during the game, it looked like ge needed his gloved hand to help him get back on his feet after going down to make a save. He coughed up really fat rebounds and seemed to be close to quitting the game many times, at any moment.
The strange thing was, he just kept stopping the puck.
"That kid said give me the net," said Lightning coach Jon Cooper, who had staged an elaborate dog-and-pony show with Bishop at the morning skate, revealing nothing about the goalie's health.
"We're not going to put anyone in the game who's going to be in harm's way of hurting himself," Cooper said afterwards.
"Of course we could see that," Toews said, of the Tampa goalie's repeated struggles to get up.
After Callahan's goal, the Hawks went into overdrive and put on an exhibition of speed, puck handling and skill, rocketing off 16 unanswered shots on Bishop, in a period of 13-plus minutes where the Lightning didn't test Crawford once.
Chicago's shooters missed many shots, almost comically. Shot after shot, chance after chance, one tragic one for Marian Hossa who missed an open net, was most of the night an overpowering presence on the ice. Teuvo Teravainen, looked up and cursed in Finnish before they were finally rewarded with a tying goal at 14:22. But it just wanted meant to last as Paquette had his answer to that. By the end of the game Chicago outshot Tampa Bay 38-32, including 19-7 in the first period. Tampa, turned the tables on the Hawks in the second, outshooting the Hawks 17-7, but neither team could finish it off, so it was still tied 1-1 entering the final period.
"I liked their first period," Chicago coach Joel Quenneville said. "We had two empty nets and didn't capitalize on either one. We still had 1-1. Scored a big power play goal, got some excitement. The crowd was there. I thought we had a good first, they had a good second. Third was even. Tough loss."
But, this is not unfamiliar territory for Chicago. Back in the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals, the Blackhawks were trailing 2-1 in the series as well, they had scored just one goal each in Games 2 and 3 before they won three in a row to beat the Boston Bruins in six games for the Stanley Cup. So the Hawks can't be written off yet and will probably play the games of their lives tonight.
Our Pick: Lightning over the Hawks in Game Four


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Ione Skatefest w/ Maiden's Sorrow +Psychosomatic + Secretions + RAD + Siafu + Raw Dawg + Mind Infect + Cuttin' Loose + Switchblade Frankie + Left Hand + lots more. Noon-9 pm @ Howard Park, Ione, Free, all ages.
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text:
Restricted License Legal Technicians
North Dakota officials, pot activists disagree on effect of new law to ban THC products – Grand Forks Herald
Intellectual Property Legal Clinic
3 Primary Concepts And Classes Of Us Constructive Law
Law And Legal Courses
Is law difficult or easy?
The "lateral" phenomenon became mainstream later that decade when Steve Brill revealed the primary American Lawyer survey of partner earnings . Law's entry into the free agent period brought on stress cracks in the partnership mannequin's foundation. Not solely did Brill's survey expose law firms because the enterprise that they had turn into, but it also enshrined PPP as the firm Holy Grail. Students represent start-up corporations and entrepreneurs to develop and domesticate real-world intellectual assets, while additionally making use of abilities discovered within the fields of company and securities law. The IP Venture Clinic develops a platform for the cultivation and application of legal abilities essential to assist shoppers engaged within the process of bringing new applied sciences to market. Special areas of focus embrace Commercialization, Intellectual Property Transactions, Venture Finance and Design, and Innovation. Students work in interdisciplinary configurations to supply free legal representation and social service referrals to people identified as survivors of human trafficking and/or at excessive danger for trafficking.
North Dakota officials, pot activists disagree on effect of new law to ban THC products.
Posted: Wed, 05 May 2021 11:00:00 GMT [source]
There are always tough issues of interpretation and choice, which is why courts will resolve differing views. But how can we know the more basic "ought" or "should" of human equality? Setting apart for the second questions about the equality of girls, or that of slaves, who weren't counted as men with equal rights on the time of the declaration—can the assertion be empirically confirmed, or is it merely a matter of a priori data? (A priori means "existing in the thoughts previous to and unbiased of expertise.") Or is the assertion about equality a matter of religion or belief, not really provable either scientifically or rationally? The dialogue between natural-law theorists and extra empirically oriented theories of "what law is" will increase comparable questions. In this book, we'll focus mostly on the law as it is, however not without additionally elevating questions about what it might or must be.
Newspapers, taxpayer-funded entities with some spiritual affiliation, and political parties can get hold of fairly clear guidance on the boundaries within which their freedom of expression rights apply. Canada's federal system, described below, avoids regional variability of federal law by giving national jurisdiction to each layers of appellate courts. In frequent law legal techniques, the common law is essential to understanding almost all necessary areas of law. For instance, in England and Wales, in English Canada, and in most states of the United States, the fundamental law of contracts, torts and property don't exist in statute, however only in widespread law . In a typical law jurisdiction a number of stages of analysis and evaluation are required to determine "what the law is" in a given situation. Then one should extract the ideas, analogies and statements by numerous courts of what they think about necessary to determine how the next courtroom is more likely to rule on the facts of the present case.
Joint bankruptcy debtors can defend approximately $320,000 of a jointly-owned homestead. These exemption limits improve every so often so debtors should get the current limits from their bankruptcy attorney. If a civil judgment is recorded within the county the place you personal a home you intend to reside in, or so much upon which you're Law & Legal constructing a future home, the judgment lien will connect to the property. Your subsequent occupancy of the home as a homestead won't erase the prerecorded judgment lien. A property is not exempt beneath Florida Homestead law simply because you intend to occupy the property some time in the future. Property held for a future residence cannot be homestead property until occupied.
Straightforward how-to guides and clear explanations of current law and follow, starting from basic overviews to detailed evaluation for specialists. For 20 years, Lawrence practiced law at Shea & Gould, Japan's Komatsu & Koma, the Sojitz Corporation, and in personal follow. "I really just like the non-compete state law Q&A you get information from training attorneys who actually apply law in the state in question." Summaries, templates, articles, and explanations of specific legal subjects all in one place. Practice law, handle your law firm, and grow your follow with our complete suite of products.
Traditionally, a judge only speaks through his judgement by the law and does not involve in the sensationalization for media's sake.#JudicialReforms@PPYOfficial pic.twitter.com/UCw1OFxEDS
— UsBaMuNeM (@UsBaMuNeM1) May 6, 2021
CORONAVIRUS INFORMATION News and updates to assist the wants of Texas attorneys and the public. is a civics project that Texas college students can use to study in regards to the landmark court selections that they have to know for the TEKS assessment exams in U.S. authorities and history. MANDATORY BAR LAWSUITThe State Bar is vigorously defending its statutory construction in response to a lawsuit that challenges the mandatory bar in Texas. Supreme Court precedent due to the state's curiosity in regulating the legal career and bettering the standard of legal providers. Texas Winter Storm Resources News and updates to assist the needs of Texas lawyers and the general public. Coronavirus Information News and updates to help the wants of Texas lawyers and the public.
McCoubrey and White said that the question "what is law?" has no simple reply. Glanville Williams said that the which means of the word "law" is dependent upon the context during which that word is used. He stated that, for instance, "early customary law" and "municipal law" were contexts where the word "law" had two different and irreconcilable meanings. Thurman Arnold said that it is obvious that it is inconceivable to define the word "law" and that it is also equally apparent that the battle to define that word should not ever be abandoned. It is feasible to take the view that there isn't a need to outline the word "law" (e.g. "let's forget about generalities and get down to cases").
Studying law is as hard as you make it. Some people choose to make it very very hard. A skill one (ideally) learns in law school is how to throw out information. That sounds completely backwards to some people, who think law school is about cramming as much information into your head as possible.
Secondary authority can also be helpful as a case finding tool and for general information about a specific issue. If you suppose Rutgers Law Associates' legal companies could also be right for you, please full thisform, or call and go away a voicemail message. All college students currently enrolled at Rutgers are eligible for a free and confidential legal consultation with RICAP Immigrant Rights Attorney Jason Hernandez. In some situations, direct representation could also be out there by way of RICAP instantly or by referral to a good legal professional. RICAP is out there to provide informational "Immigration" and "Know Your Rights" shows on each Rutgers campus. Criminal Process Clinic college students serve in prosecution and defender offices. Past placements have included the District Attorney's workplaces of Harris, Fort Bend, and Galveston counties in addition to federal and Harris County Public Defenders' workplaces.
Tags: legal license restricted technicians


text:
How To Treat Congenital Disease Before Birth
For the first time, scientists have performed prenatal gene editing to prevent a lethal metabolic disorder in laboratory animals, offering the potential to treat human congenital diseases before birth. Published today in Nature Medicine, research from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and offers proof-of-concept for prenatal use of a sophisticated, low-toxicity tool that efficiently edits DNA building blocks in disease-causing genes.
Using both CRISPR-Cas9 and base editor 3 (BE3) gene-editing tools, the team reduced cholesterol levels in healthy mice treated in utero by targeting a gene that regulates those levels. They also used prenatal gene editing to improve liver function and prevent neonatal death in a subgroup of mice that had been engineered with a mutation causing the lethal liver disease hereditary HT1 (HT1). HT1 in humans usually appears during infancy, and it is often treatable with a medicine called nitisinone and a strict diet. However, when treatments fail, patients are at risk of liver failure or liver cancer. Prenatal treatment could open a door to disease prevention, for HT1 and potentially for other congenital disorders.
"Our ultimate goal is to translate the approach used in these proof-of-concept studies to treat severe diseases diagnosed early in pregnancy," said study co-leader William H. Peranteau, MD, a pediatric and fetal surgeon in CHOP's Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment. "We hope to broaden this strategy to intervene prenatally in congenital diseases that currently have no effective treatment for most patients, and result in death or severe complications in infants."
"We used base editing to turn off the effects of a disease-causing genetic mutation," said study co-leader Kiran Musunuru, MD, PhD, MPH, an associate professor of Cardiovascular Medicine at Penn. "We also plan to use the same base-editing technique not just to disrupt a mutation's effects, but to directly correct the mutation." Musunuru is an expert in gene-editing technology and previously showed that it can be used to reduce cholesterol and fat levels in the blood, which could lead to the development of a "vaccination" to prevent cardiovascular disease.
Source: https://www.pennmedicine.org/
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: base editor 3, BE3, building blocks, cholesterol, CHOP, CRISPR-Cas9, DNA, gene-editing tools, Hospital of Philadelphia, HT1, https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2018/october/crispr-prenatal-gene-editing-shows-proof-of-concept-in-treating-congenital-disease-before-birth, lethal liver disease, mutation, neonatal death, nitisinone, Penn, Perelman School of Medicine, prenatal gene editing, tyrosinemia type 1, University of Pennsylvania
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FX Delays Samurai Series 'Shogun' In Order to "Aim Higher"
Based on James Clavell's best-selling novel, Shogun charts the collision of two ambitious men and a mysterious female samurai.
FX Head Says Netflix's 'YOU' Viewership Claim Is "Not Remotely Accurate"
"One way or another the truth will ultimately come out as it always does," Landgraf said on Netflix's numbers.
"As you might imagine, Donald Glover is sort of the king of all media, and he just has had an incredibly complicated life," FX's John Landgraf said of the delay.
FX CEO John Landgraf said that there are four possible ideas for American Crime Story, but the long-awaited Hurricane Katrina season is not among them.
Decider spoke to the CEO at TCA 2018 about what's in store for FX's streaming future.
FX's future is following in HBO and Netflix's diversified programming footsteps while still keeping its high standards.
The network cited "creative differences" as the reason for the split in a statement released on Saturday.
During his TCA session, FX President John Landgraf announced that a staggering 487 scripted shows premiered last year.


Today, my publisher released a new Law Wranglers novella (about half the words of a full-length novel) titled Peyote Spirits. This can be enjoyed, as can Summer's Child, without reading others in the series. The novella is an experiment of sorts. The characters from the Law Wranglers novels offer opportunities for many shorter writing adventures, and readership will determine the fate of future novellas. The novella's protagonists are Jael Chernik Rivers a/k/a She Who Speaks and her, husband, Josh Rivers, who are involved in something of a murder/mystery at Fort Sill in Indian Territory.
The first three books of the Law Wranglers series are now being published and packaged as a trilogy titled Comanche Sunset. These books, unlike others in the Law Wranglers series, are best read in sequence starting with Deal with the Devil, then Mouth of Hell and, finally, The Last Hunt. Those who have read the books may wish to make friends aware of that from tomorrow (7/19) through next Wednesday (7/25), Comanche Sunset will be available for $0.99.
Twilight of the Coyote, which was released in late spring, has received nice reviews and ratings at both Amazon and Goodreads. While this novel features descendants from the protagonists of Night of the Coyote and Return of the Coyote, it is essentially a stand-alone book. Readers of the earlier books, however, should enjoy appearances by much older Ethan Ramsey and Skye dePaul.
The next thing on my plate is to finish writing a new stand-alone western with the working title, Grit. I am very enthused about this project and hope to see the book published and released by early September.
Best wishes and good reading.


text:
Non-profit helps mum with starting trust fund for autistic son
This article is more than 12 months old
(From left) Mr Ivan Lim, his mother Esah Lim, and the two case managers from ROHI, Miss Sharifah Alhabshee and Miss Jeannie Teo. TNP PHOTO: WENDY LIM
Feng Yuan Wen
Madam Esah Lim, 60, worries for her severely autistic son, Mr Ivan Lim, 27, especially about how he will cope without her.
She intends to start a trust account under the Special Needs Trust Company (SNTC) to help manage his finances after she dies. But the minimum sum of $5,000 needed to start the trust weighed on her mind.
A meeting with two case managers from non-profit organisation Ray of Hope Initiative (ROHI) has helped her take her first steps towards seeding the trust with an online crowdfunding campaign.
Miss Sharifah Alhabshee and Miss Jeannie Teo reached out to Madam Lim after The New Paper'sarticle about her as a recipient of Healthcare Humanity Award (Caregiver) last month.
Miss Teo said she thought Madam Lim was surprised when they approached her.
Launched in 2009, SNTC is a non-profit trust company that provides affordable trust services to people with special needs and those unable to manage finances independently.
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Supported by the Ministry of Social and Family Development, SNTC partners the Public Trustee Office, which manages and invests the trust funds.
Madam Lim hopes to save enough money to pay for Mr Lim's fees at an adult disability home in the future."I'll feel more assured that Ivan's finances are well managed. I don't want to bother my two daughters too much with this. They do have their own lives and families.
"I am thankful to ROHI. Even if we don't manage to raise $5,000, every little bit will help, and I can top up the rest."
As Mr Lim's full-time caregiver, Madam Lim is supported by two adult daughters who give her a total of $700 a month, pay her bills and buy her necessities.
"If we scrimp and save... we can save about $100 a month. Eventually we'll be able to hit the $5,000, but it will definitely take longer."
The trust allows family members to set aside money and assets in SNTC accounts to support loved ones, and aims to safeguard these assets to enhance the beneficiary's financial security and well-being.
The SNTC Trust Services accepts only cash, which may include proceeds from property by will, Central Provident Fund savings or insurance pay-outs, as trust property.
Madam Lim said: "I'm still able to take care of Ivan now, so the situation is not so dire. I just live day by day and try not to get bogged down by worries."
You can donate at www.simplygiving.com/event/esahlim
autismMINISTRY OF SOCIAL AND FAMILY DEVELOPMENT (MSF)disability
Read articles by Feng Yuan Wen


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Lisa Of BLACKPINK Has Become The First Female Artist To Achieve THIS, another milestone
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by Ram Naidu
in Lifestyle & Entertainment, News
Meghan Trainor is all set to release a new remix for her hit song 'Made You Look' featuring Kim Petras. The new version will be dropping this Friday, 27th January.
Pop star Kim Petras has been making headlines in recent times since her blockbuster collaboration with Sam Smith, 'Unholy'. The song topped charts across many countries and ruled the global Spotify for weeks. It went on to become one of the biggest TikTok hits of all time. Now she's going to be featured on another recent viral hit 'Made You Look', which marked singer Meghan Trainor's biggest hit in a long time.
Meghan reveals her body insecurities and motherhood to be inspirations behind the song and talks to Billboard more about it. "It was one of the last songs I wrote for the album. I knew I needed my self-confident banger that I always do on my albums, and I was really studying 'All About That Bass' I was like, 'Why did this work so well?' I think everyone just loves to sing along to a song that's like, 'I am awesome, I am the sh-t, I am hot.' Especially after having a baby, I was already struggling to love my body. I was covered in a C-section scar crossing over all my stretch marks and I was really struggling to like myself, but also like myself in front of my own husband.", She says.
She further continues, "My therapist had me stand in front of the mirror naked every day and the first day, I was shaking and hated it. By the third day, I noticed things that I liked about my body and I was like, 'Wow, this is so powerful.' So, I was in the shower one day and I was like, 'Yeah, they could dress me in all these fancy clothes, but when I'm at my grungiest and at home, that's when my husband is like, 'You're the prettiest girl in the world. You're the hottest.'' I wanted to put that in a song, and I wrote the chorus in the shower."
How motherhood inspired Meghan's hit
Meghan also talks about her experience making music after becoming a mother, "It's more important now. I guess I'm also more mature, because I'm older and been through more, so now, I'm at an age and point in my life where I'm like, 'Here's what actually matters and here's what doesn't. I'm not going to stress anymore.' I really had to work with my therapist on what I can and can't control. These stretch marks are here, [I have to] get used to them and learn to love them because I can't control whether they go away or not. In my song writing, I try to put in that 'let it go' vibe."
Tags: Meghanmusicpop musicTikTok


text:
\section{Introduction}
Quantum dots containing a single Mn impurity have been a subject of growing interest in  the last few years.\cite{Besombes_PRL04,Leger_PRL06,Kudelski_PRL07,Krebs_PRB09}
Optical orientation of a single Mn spin inside a CdTe quantum dot (QD) has  been observed recently. \cite{LeGall_PRL09,Goryca_PRL09,Besombes_SSC09,LeGall_PRB10} In these experiment circularly polarized light was creating a spin-polarized exciton (X) in the dot, and upon constant illumination the Mn spin became polarized on a timescale of $\tau_{\text{Mn}} \! < \! 100$ ns. One mode of excitation is quasi-resonant, through an excited state of the dot in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRL09} or through an exciton transfer from a resonantly excited nearby Mn-free dot in Ref.~\onlinecite{Goryca_PRL09}. Alternatively, one of the states of the Mn+X complex can be resonantly driven, as in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}. This mode of operation was originally proposed in Ref.~\onlinecite{Govorov_PRB05}, and it is the focus of this paper.
Specifically, we will consider the situation from Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10} in which the highest-energy line of the X+Mn complex is excited with $\sigma_{-}$ polarized light, thus creating a dominantly $\ket{-5/2;-1}$ state (written in the basis of the $S^{z}$ component of the Mn spin and the $J^{z}$ projection of the total spin of the exciton). Due to such an excitation the population of the $\ket{-5/2}$ Mn level was observed to decrease on the timescale of less than 100 ns.

These recent experimental achievements could pave the way to optical control of the Mn spin state (e.g.~being able to intialize the Mn spin in each of its six states, as proposed in Ref.~\onlinecite{Reiter_PRL09}).
The physical mechanism of the optical orientation of the Mn spin remains, however, unclear, and its proper understanding will most probably be crucial for further experimental developments. The goal of this paper is to elucidate a possible microscopic mechanism of Mn optical orientation.

The ``intrinsic'' relaxation of Mn due to spin-lattice interaction (Mn spin flip due to scattering with phonons) is well known to be very slow for isolated Mn spins,\cite{Scalbert_pssb96,Dietl_PRL95} e.g.~spin-lattice relaxation times longer than a microsecond were observed in dilute samples at $T\! = \! 5$ K and at magnetic field of about $10$ T in Ref.~\onlinecite{Strutz_PRL92}. It should be stressed that the high-field relaxation times are relevant to the case of Mn interacting with a confined exciton, which splits the Mn spin levels via the sp-d exchange interaction. The relatively fast relaxation of isolated Mn spins observed recently at  zero $B$ field\cite{Goryca_relaxation_PRL09} is possibly relevant when the exciton is absent.

 On the other hand, the phonon-induced processes of carrier spin relaxation (spin flips of the electron, of the hole, or of the whole exciton) were predicted to be quite effective for large energy transfer involved in a spin-flip.\cite{Khaetskii_PRB01,Woods_PRB04,Tsitsishvili_PRB03,Tsitsishvili_PRB05,Roszak_PRB07} In the Mn-doped dot the spin splitting of the carrier states is enhanced by the sp-d exchange interaction, and clear signatures of both exciton and hole spin relaxation were observed there.\cite{LeGall_PRB10}
It is therefore clear that the spin flips of the carriers occur on timescales relevant to the Mn optical pumping process. On the contrary, the existence of a fast (on a time-scale of tens of ns) process of ``intrinsic'' Mn spin flip in the presence of the exciton is still somewhat controversial. Such a process was included in the model used in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10} in order to explain the $\tau_{\text{Mn}} \sim 70$ ns timescale of Mn orientation (it was also used in the original proposal\cite{Govorov_PRB05} of optically orienting the Mn spin by driving one of the six X+Mn transitions). As mentioned above, it is highly improbable that the spin-lattice interaction can account for such a fast process. Mn spin relaxation time of the order of 10 ns was observed in Ref.~\onlinecite{Besombes_PRB08} and explained there by assuming that the Mn is coupled to extended electronic states from the wetting layer.
This mechanism requires the presence of free hot photocarriers outside of the dot (which would scatter on the Mn spin), which should not be the case for (quasi)resonant excitation of a single dot.

The goal of this paper is to show that it is not necessary to include the ``intrinsic'' rate of Mn spin relaxation in the presence of an exciton, $\Gamma_{\text{Mn-X}}$, into the description of the optical pumping process. The Mn optical orientation can occur due to carrier spin relaxation (specifically the hole spin relaxation in the case of experiment from Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}) and mixing of the exciton and Mn states due to sp-d exchange interaction. Because of the latter the eigenstates of the X+Mn system are superpositions of states with different exciton $J^{z}$ and Mn spin $S^{z}$. When a high-energy X+Mn state is excited, the carrier spin relaxation leads to transition to lower-energy states having different $S^{z}$ composition, and subsequent spontaneous recombination of these states leaves the Mn spin changed. In other words, in order to achieve Mn spin orientation, it is enough to consider the carrier spin relaxation in the strongly coupled system of the carriers and the Mn spin.

The paper is organized in the following way. In Section 2 we introduce the Hamiltonian of the system, including the sp-d exchange interaction and the electron-hole exchange. In Section 3 we briefly discuss the possibility of Mn spin optical orientation without any spin relaxation in the system. This optical pumping mechanism turns out to be inefficient, but its discussion highlights the significance of mixing of X and Mn states via the sp-d exchange interaction. An impatient reader can skip this Section and proceed directly to Section 4, where we include the carrier spin relaxation in the system dynamics and show that it could account for the recent observations.

\section{The Hamiltonian of a single Manganese spin interacting with an exciton in a quantum dot}  \label{sec:H}
The Hamiltonian at zero magnetic field is $\hat{H} = \hat{H}_{sp-d} + H_{e-h} $. The first term is the sp-d interaction
\begin{eqnarray}
\hat{H}_{sp-d}&  = & -A_{e}( \hat{S}^{z}\hat{s}^{z} + \frac{1}{2}[\hat{S}^{+}\hat{s}^{-} + \hat{S}^{-}\hat{s}^{+}]) \nonumber \\
& &  + A_{h}( \hat{S}^{z}\hat{\kappa}^{z}/2 + \frac{1}{2}[\epsilon\hat{S}^{+}\hat{\kappa}^{-} + \epsilon^{*}\hat{S}^{-}\hat{\kappa}^{+} ]) \,\, ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $\hat{S}^{i}$ are the operators of the Mn spin ($S\! = \! 5/2$), $\hat{s}^{i}$ are the electron spin operators, and $\hat{\kappa}^{i}$ are the Pauli matrices operating in the two-dimensional subspace of dominantly heavy hole states (the Kramers doublet of the lowest-energy hole states confined in the dot).
They appear after taking the matrix elements of the p-d interaction $A_{h}\mathbf{\hat{S}}\cdot\mathbf{\hat{j}}/3$ (with $\mathbf{\hat{j}}$ being the spin-$3/2$ operator) within the subspace of two mostly heavy-hole (hh) states being confined in the QD. The finite admixture of the light hole (lh) states in the relevant low-energy states (due to e.g.~anisotropic strain\cite{Besombes_JAP07,Leger_PRB07}) leads to $\epsilon \! \neq \! 0$ allowing for the flip-flop between the hole spin and the Mn spin.
$A_{e}$ and $A_{h}$ are the exchange interaction energies for the electron and the hole (with our sign convention they are both positive).

The second term is  the electron-hole exchange interaction,\cite{Bayer_PRB02} which  is written as
\begin{eqnarray}
\hat{H}_{e-h} & = & \frac{\delta_{0}}{2}( \ket{1}\bra{1} + \ket{-1}\bra{-1} - \ket{2}\bra{2} - \ket{-2}\bra{-2} ) \nonumber \\
& & \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\! + \frac{\delta_{1}}{2}( \ket{1}\bra{-1} + \ket{-1}\bra{1}) + \frac{\delta_{2}}{2}( \ket{2}\bra{-2} + \ket{-2}\bra{2}) \,\, ,
\end{eqnarray}
where we have used the basis of the total exciton angular momentum along the $z$ axis $\ket{J^{z}=s^{z}_{e} + j^{z}_{h}}$, and we have approximately identified the two mostly hh-like states with $j^{z}_{h} \! =\! \pm 3/2$ (thus neglecting the small corrections due to the hh-lh mixing).
$\delta_{0}$ is the isotropic exchange splitting of the bright and dark excitons, $\delta_{1}$ is the splitting of bright excitons present in dots with broken cylindrical symmetry, and $\delta_{2}$ is giving the splitting of dark excitons. The last two terms come from $b_{i} (J^{i}_{h})^{3}s^{i}_{e}$ terms in the e-h exchange Hamiltonian, which are present due to the cubic symmetry of the lattice, and as such are breaking the cylindrical symmetry of the exchange Hamiltonian, thus leading to mixing of states with different $J^{z}$.

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{Fig_PL.eps}
\caption{(Color online) Photoluminescence spectrum of the dot with a single Mn spin calculated using the parameters given in the text. All levels are assumed to be equally populated. The contribution from the mostly dark states to the total PL is plotted with the dashed line. Line broadening of $0.1$ meV was used.}  \label{fig:PL}
\end{figure}

In the calculations below we will use the following parameters typical for small CdTe QDs. We take $A_{h} \! \equiv \! -\beta|\Psi_{h}(\mathbf{r}_{\text{Mn}} )|^2 \! = \! 0.8$ meV, with $\beta$ being the hole exchange integral, and $ \Psi_{h}(\mathbf{r}_{\text{Mn}})$ being the amplitude of the hole wavefunction at the Mn site. This value corresponds to $\approx \! 3$ meV width of sextuplet of bright exciton lines of X+Mn complex (see Fig.~\ref{fig:PL}). The value of $A_{e} \! \equiv \!  \alpha|\Psi_{e}(\mathbf{r}_{\text{Mn}})|^2 \! = \! 0.2$ meV follows from the ratio of $|\beta/\alpha| \! \approx \! 4$ in CdTe and from a somewhat arbitrary assumption of equal amplitude of electron ond hole wavefunctions at the Mn spin site (the hole is believed to be more weakly bound than the electron in CdTe dots, but its binding is enhanced in the presence of an electron,\cite{Besombes_JAP07} and it is unlcear which effect prevails). For the parameter giving the strength of the hole-Mn flip-flop we take a typical value of $|\epsilon| \! = \! 0.1$ deduced from the linear polarization of the QD photoluminescence\cite{Besombes_JAP07,Leger_PRB07} (the phase of $\epsilon$ determines the polarization axis, but it is irrelevant for the optical orientation effect discussed here).  For the electron-hole exchange energies we use\cite{Kazimierczuk_APPA09} $\delta_{0} \! =\! 1$ meV and $\delta_{1} = 0.1 $ meV, and we assume $\delta_{2} \! =\! 0.1$ meV (which probably is an overestimate).

The energy spectrum of the above Hamiltonian is clearly visible in the photoluminescence (PL) signal from an excited dot.\cite{Besombes_PRL04,ROssier_PRB06} In the zeroth approximation, we can neglect $A_{e}$ (since it is usually much smaller than $A_{h}$), and also  put $\epsilon$, $\delta_{1}$, and $\delta_{2}$ equal to zero. Then the spectrum consists of 12 doubly-degenerate levels: 6 of them are bright (i.e.~they couple to light and contribute to the PL signal), and 6 are dark. Within each group the spacing of the levels is given by $A_{h}/2$, and the bright states are higher in energy by $\delta_{0}$ compared
 to the dark ones. In the calculation with the full Hamiltonian the main change is the ``brightening'' of the dark excitons, which occurs due to the flip-flop parts of the sp-d exchange interactions. This is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:PL}, where
 the total spectrum is deformed, and more than 6 peaks are  visible  (the additional ones corresponding to mostly dark excitons, the contribution of which to the total PL is shown by the dashed line). Nonzero values of $\delta_{1}$ and $\epsilon$ also lead to the linear polarization of the PL signal,\cite{Leger_PRB07,Besombes_JAP07} which is however irrelevant for this paper.

\section{Manganese optical orientation without spin relaxation} \label{sec:norelax}
First, let us note that Mn polarization can be induced by resonant optical pumping even in the absence of \emph{any} spin relaxation processes. The breaking of the cylindrical symmetry of the dot is only needed, i.e.~$\epsilon \! \neq \! 0$  and/or $\delta_{2} \! \neq \! 0$.

We focus now on the excitation of the highest energy X+Mn state with $\sigma_{-}$ polarized light.\cite{LeGall_PRB10} The $\ket{e}$ state excited  in such a way contains a large amplitude of $\ket{-5/2;-1}$, but it also has admixtures of other states. For typical values of parameters the dominant admixtures are the ones of $\ket{-5/2; +1}$ state (caused by $\delta_{1}$ term mixing the bright excitons) and of $\ket{-3/2; -2}$ (caused by the electron-Mn flip-flop). In the 2nd order of perturbation theory the latter state contains an admixture of $\ket{-3/2;2}$ state due to $\delta_{2}$ interaction mixing the dark excitons, and in the third order the admixtures of $\ket{-1/2;1}$ and $\ket{-1/2;-1}$ states are created from $\ket{-3/2;2}$ state by electron and hole spin flip-flops with the Mn spin, respectively. The admixture of these $\ket{-1/2;\pm 1}$ states in the $\ket{e}$ state (with $b_{\pm 1}$ amplitudes) lead to a finite probability of the recombination of the $\ket{e}$ state into the empty dot $\ket{-1/2}$ state. Using the third order perturbation theory we have
\begin{eqnarray}
b_{1}  & = & \frac{ (A_{e}\sqrt{8}/2)\cdot (\delta_{2}/2) \cdot ( A_{e}\sqrt{5}/2 ) } {(2A_{e} + \frac{1}{2}A_{h} + \delta_{0} ) (\frac{1}{2}A_{e} + 2A_{h} + \delta_{0}) ( \frac{3}{2}A_{e}+\frac{3}{2}A_{h}) } \nonumber \\
b_{-1} & = & b_{1} \frac{3\epsilon}{2} \frac{A_{h}}{A_{e}} \,\, . \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

In the simplest case, when $|b_{-1}| ~\! \ll \! |b_{1}|$ (corresponding to negligible hh-lh mixing), the re-absorption from the $\ket{-1/2}$ state can be neglected due to the optical selection rules ($\sigma_{-}$ light coupling only to $\ket{-1}$ excitons), and in the process of optical pumping of the $\ket{e}$ state the population of the $S^{z}$ levels is transferred from $\ket{-5/2}$ to $\ket{-1/2}$ by spontaneous emission of $\sigma_{+}$ polarized photons.

While the calculations of pumping dynamics with both $b_{\pm 1}$ amplitudes being finite show rich and interesting features (e.g.~the possibility of either depleting the $\ket{-5/2}$ level or increasing its occupation, depending on the values of $b_{\pm 1}$ and other parameters), one can quickly see that this kind of process is incapable of explaining the experimental timescale of Mn optical orientation. In the limit of $\epsilon\! = \! 0$ we can write rate equaitons for 3 levels (occupations of $\ket{e}$ state and the two empty dot states $\ket{-5/2}$ and $\ket{-1/2}$). With generation rate $G$ and spontaneous recombination rate $\Gamma_{\text{rec}}\! = \! 1/T_{\text{rec}}$, and with $\ket{e} = a\ket{-5/2;-1} + b\ket{-1/2;1} + ...$ (with other admixed states being optically inactive or having negligible amplitudes), we have the equations for occupation probabilities
\begin{eqnarray}
\frac{d p_{e}}{dt} & = & -G|a|^{2}p_{e} -\Gamma_{\text{rec}}p_{e} + G|a|^{2}p_{-5/2} \,\, , \\
\frac{d p_{-5/2}}{dt} & = & G|a|^{2}p_{e} +\Gamma_{\text{rec}}|a|^{2}p_{e} - G|a|^{2}p_{-5/2} \,\, , \\
\frac{d p_{-1/2}}{dt} & = &  \Gamma_{\text{rec}}|b|^{2}p_{e} \,\, .
\end{eqnarray}
For strong driving, $G\! \gg \! \Gamma_{\text{rec}}$, we get for times longer than $1/G$ that $p_{-5/2} \! \approx \! \frac{1}{4}\exp(-\Gamma_{\text{rec}}|b|^2 t/2)$, which gives the Mn orientation timescale $\tau_{\text{Mn}} = 2T_{\text{rec}}/|b|^2$. With the parameters used here one gets $\tau_{\text{Mn}} \approx 10^{7} T_{\text{rec}}$, while in the experiment $\tau_{\text{Mn}} \! < \! 10^{3} T_{\text{rec}}$ was seen (using the value of $T_{\text{rec}} \! =\! 200$ ps).

\section{Manganese optical orientation with carrier spin relaxation}  \label{sec:relax}
The optical orientation mechanism described above is inefficient because it relies on very small $\delta_{2}$-induced mixing of the dark excitons, and also because both of the flip-flop related admixtures involve the energy denominators $\Delta E \! > \! \delta_{0}$, with the latter being much larger than the off-diagonal couplings $A_{e}$ and $\epsilon A_{h}$.
Much more efficient optical orientation can be obtained when we include the processes of carrier spin relaxation. A phonon-induced spin-flip of an electron (a hole)  leads to a transition from a  bright state $\ket{m; \pm 1}$ to a  dark state $\ket{m ;\pm 2} $ ($\ket{m;\mp 2}$).
The mostly dark eigenstates of the full Hamiltonian contain admixtures of bright states with $m' \! = \! m\pm 1$ appearing in  the first order of the perturbation theory. The electron-Mn flip-flop terms
are connecting the $\ket{m; \pm 2}$ state to $\ket{m\pm 1; \pm 1}$, while the hole-Mn flip-flop terms $\sim \! \epsilon A_{h} \hat{\kappa}^{\pm}\hat{S}^{\mp}$ are connecting it to $\ket{m\pm 1; \mp 1}$.

From the resonantly excited  state $\ket{e} \! \approx \! \ket{-5/2; -1}$ the electron spin relaxation leads to $\ket{-5/2; -2}$ state, which is is \emph{not} coupled by sp-d exchange to any other states, and in the first order of perturbation theory does not have any admixtures of states with flipped Mn spin.
We are thus led to consider the possibility  of the hole spin relaxation event, which leads to a transition into the state $\ket{r} \approx a\ket{-5/2; 2} + b_{e}\ket{-3/2; 1} + b_{h}\ket{-3/2,-1}$, with the amplitudes of other states being much smaller.
The main admixture amplitudes are
\begin{eqnarray}
b_{e} \approx \frac{A_{e}\sqrt{5}/2}{\delta_{0}-2A_{e}+A_{h}/2} \,\, , \\
b_{h} \approx \frac{ \epsilon A_{h}\sqrt{5}/2}{ \delta_{0} + 2A_{h} - A_{e}/2 } \,\, .
\end{eqnarray}
For typical parameters we get $b_{e} \! > \! b_{h}$ (e.g.~with values used here we have $b_{e} \approx 0.2$, $b_{h}\approx 0.04$).

The presence of hole spin relaxation was seen in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}, where it was shown that excitation of $\ket{1/2; +1}$ state was leading to the strongest PL from the ``dark'' state $\ket{1/2; -2}$, which was being populated by hole spin relaxation from the initial state. The optical activity of the mostly dark states is also visible in the calculated PL spectrum shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:PL}, where the PL signal from states having mostly dark character is plotted with the dashed line. With the parameters employed here, the dark states most strongly mixed with the bright states are the ones with dominant $\ket{-1/2; \pm 2}$ character (with energy $\approx \! -0.44$ meV, see the strongest ``dark'' transition in Fig.~\ref{fig:PL}), which contain large admixtures of $\ket{-3/2; \mp 1}$ states caused by the hole-Mn flip-flop term allowed by hh-lh mixing.

The rate equations for the populations of $\ket{e}$, $\ket{r}$, $\ket{-5/2}$, and $\ket{-3/2}$ levels (the $\ket{-1/2}$ level considered previously is neglected here, since its pumping has been shown in the previous Section to occur on a much longer timescale) are
\begin{eqnarray}
\frac{d p_{e}}{dt} & = & -(G  + \Gamma_{\text{rec}} +\Gamma_{\text{h}}) p_{e}  + Gp_{-5/2} + \Gamma^{'}_{\text{h}}p_{r}\,\, , \\
\frac{d p_{-5/2}}{dt} & = & ( G +\Gamma_{\text{rec}}) p_{e} - Gp_{-5/2} \,\, , \\
\frac{d p_{-3/2}}{dt} & = &  \Gamma_{\text{d}}p_{r} \,\, ,\\
\frac{d p_{r}}{dt} & = &   \Gamma_{\text{h}}p_{e}   -(\Gamma_{\text{d}} + \Gamma^{'}_{\text{h}}) p_{r}
\end{eqnarray}
where the spontaneous recombination rate of the ``dark'' exciton is $\Gamma_{\text{d}} \approx (|b_{e}|^{2} + |b_{h}|^{2})\Gamma_{\text{rec}}$, $\Gamma_{\text{h}}$ is the hole relaxation rate, and $\Gamma^{'}_{\text{h}} \! =\! \exp(-\Delta E/k_{B}T)\Gamma_{\text{h}}$ is the rate for the  hole spin flip from the dark state back to the bright state.  $\Delta E \! \approx\!  \delta_{0} + \frac{5}{2}A_{h}$ is the energy difference between the two states. At $T\! = \! 5$ K and for $\Delta E \! = \! 3 $ meV obtained from the parameters used here $\Gamma^{'}_{\text{h}} \! =\! 10^{-3} \Gamma_{\text{h}}$. However, even with  larger $\Gamma^{'}_{\text{h}}$ the results discussed below are changed very little, and we will put $\Gamma^{'}_{\text{h}} \! = \! 0$ from here on.

We start with the initial conditions of $p_{-5/2}(0) \! =\! p_{-3/2}(0) \! = \! 1/2$ and all the other $p_{i}(0) \! =\! 0$.
In the strong driving (saturation) regime ($G \! \gg \! \Gamma_{\text{rec}}$, $\Gamma_{\text{h}}$)
we get that at times $t \! \gg \! G^{-1}$ we have  $p_{-5/2}(t) \! \approx \! \frac{1}{4}\exp(-\Gamma_{\text{h}}t/2)$, i.e.~the $\ket{-5/2}$ state get emptied on timescale of hole spin relaxation. Its population is shifted to $\ket{-3/2}$ and $\ket{r}$ levels. For the population of the former state we have
\begin{equation}
p_{-3/2}(t) \approx 1 + \frac{\Gamma_{\text{h}}e^{-\Gamma_{\text{d}}t} - \Gamma_{\text{d}}e^{-\Gamma_{\text{h}}t/2} }{2(\Gamma_{\text{d}} - \Gamma_{\text{h}}/2)} \,\,
\end{equation}
when $\Gamma_{\text{d}} \! \neq \! \Gamma_{\text{h}}/2$, and $p_{-3/2}(t) \approx 1 - \frac{1}{2} e^{-\Gamma_{\text{d}}t}(\Gamma_{\text{d}}t+1)$ when $\Gamma_{\text{d}} \! = \! \Gamma_{\text{h}}/2$.
Before we reach the times $t \! \gg \! 2\Gamma_{\text{h}}^{-1}$, $\Gamma_{\text{d}}^{-1}$ most of the initial population of $\ket{-5/2}$ will have moved to $\ket{-3/2}$ state. The driven transition becomes then optically inactive, and the optical orientation process is complete.

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{Fig_G.eps}
\caption{(Color online) Time dependence of the occupation of the empty dot $\ket{-3/2}$ Mn level upon pumping of the $\ket{-5/2,-1}$ transition with different light intensities (corresponding to different exciton generation rates $G$), with normalization $p_{-3/2}+p_{-5/2} \! =\! 1$. The spontaneous recombination rate is $\Gamma_{\text{rec}} \! = \! 5$ ns$^{-1}$ and the hole spin relaxation rate is $\Gamma_{\text{h}} \! = \! 0.1$ ns$^{-1}$. The exciton spin relaxation rate $\Gamma_{\text{X}}$ is assumed to be zero with exception of the dashed line for $G\! = \! 0.1\Gamma_{\text{rec}}$, for which $\Gamma_{\text{X}} \! = \! 1$ ns$^{-1}$. The other parameters are given in the text.
}  \label{fig:G}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{Fig_Tsr.eps}
\caption{(Color online) The same as in Fig.~\ref{fig:G}, only for $G/\Gamma_{\text{rec}} \!= \! 1$ and with various holes spin relaxation times $T_{\text{h}} \! = \! \Gamma_{\text{h}}^{-1}$. }  \label{fig:Tsr}
\end{figure}

With  $b_{e} \! \approx \! 0.2$ we get  the ``dark'' state recombination time $\Gamma_{\text{d}}^{-1} = 5$ ns, which is close to the observed value of $8$ ns.\cite{Besombes_PRB08}
The calculations of $p_{-3/2}(t)$ for hole spin relaxation time $T_{\text{h}}\! =\! \Gamma_{\text{h}}^{-1} \! =\! 10$ ns are shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:G} for different exciton generation rates $G$. For $G\! \gg \! \Gamma_{\text{rec}}$ the analytical formulas given above are accurate, while at lower $G$ the rate equations have to be solved numerically. In Fig.~\ref{fig:Tsr} we show $p_{-3/2}(t)$ for various $T_{\text{h}}$ when $G\! = \! \Gamma_{\text{rec}}$.

The exciton spin relaxation\cite{Tsitsishvili_PRB03} leads to transitions from $\ket{e}$ to $\ket{f} \! \equiv \! \ket{-5/2,1}$ state with rate $\Gamma_{\text{X}} \! \equiv \! T^{-1}_{X}$. Including this effect in our rate equations is straighforward. However, as long as an assumption of $\Gamma_{\text{X}} \! \ll \! \Gamma_{\text{rec}}$ is made, the processes of exciton spin relaxation and subseqent spontaneous emission of $\sigma_{+}$ photon have very little impact on the optical orientation of the Mn spin. This is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:G}, where a result for $G\! = \! 0.1 \Gamma_{\text{rec}}$ is shown also for $T_{\text{X}} \! = \! 1$ ns, and one can see that this leads to an insignificant slowing down of the orientation process. At higher $G$ the influence of finite $T_{\text{X}} \! > \! T_{\text{rec}}$ is even smaller.

The third process of carrier spin relaxation is the electron spin relaxation, which  leads to a transition into a dark state $\ket{d}\! = \! \ket{-5/2; -2}$ with recombination time of at least a couple hundreds of ns (using our rather large value of $\delta_{2}$, which is needed to bring about the mixing of this state with a bright one), which basically means that on the timescale of $\sim \! 100$ ns this state is perfectly trapping. If the electron spin relaxation time was faster than the hole spin relaxation time, then instead of the pumping of $\ket{-3/2}$ level the system would get trapped in the dark state $\ket{d}$. In the strong driving regime the transition corresponding to $\ket{-5/2; -1}$ state would become inactive on timescale of electron spin relaxation time $T_{\text{e}} \! = \! \Gamma_{\text{e}}^{-1}$, and instead of achieving optical orientation of the Mn spin one would obtain a dot with a very long-lived dark exciton trapped in it. The fact that this does not happen in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}, where the observations are consistent with the transfer of population between the Mn spin states, and not with the creation of stable dark exciton, shows that the electron spin relaxation is slower than hole and exciton spin relaxation processes.

\section{Conclusions}
We have shown that the experimental result from Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}, the optical orientation of the Mn spin in tens of nanoseconds under a resonant driving of the highest-energy line of exciton+Mn complex, can be explained by the process of hole spin relaxation occurring on this timescale (which also has been observed in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}). The optical orientation occurs because the hole relaxation leads to a transition to an eigenstate of mostly dark character, which is  mixed with optically active states via sp-d exchange interaction. Since this admixture consists of states with a flipped Mn spin, the emission from the ``dark'' state populated by hole relaxation leads to a change of the spin polarization of the Mn ion. Consequently, the intrinsic processes of Mn spin relaxation (due to interaction with carriers in the wetting layer or phonons), do not have to be invoked in order to explain the optical orientation (this of course does not rule out their existence in some cases\cite{Besombes_PRB08}).

Our analysis has also shown that the heavy-light hole mixing, while visibly present in the PL spectra, is not necessary to explain the Mn optical orientation (at least in the case of exciting the highest energy state of X+Mn complex). The three processes of hole, exciton, and electron spin relaxation, together with the electron-Mn exchange, can lead to quite a complicated behavior, with the excitation pattern considered here leading to a relatively simple dynamics. Further experiments involving resonant excitation of various lines of X+Mn complex, and observation of  PL signals induced in this way (as in Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10}), coupled with a calculation of X+Mn state mixing, might give more quantitative information on all the involved relaxation times. This knowledge could be then used in modeling of the situation from Ref.~\onlinecite{Goryca_PRL09}, where simultaneous excitation of many X+Mn levels leads to more complicated dynamics.

One feature of the experimental results from Ref.~\onlinecite{LeGall_PRB10} which cannot be explained by the model proposed here is the saturation of the depletion of $\ket{-5/2}$ state at $75$ \%. Addressing this question is left for future research.

\emph{Note added.} The ``brightening'' of dark excitons due to the sp-d exchange interaction was very recently observed in Ref.~\onlinecite{Goryca_brightening}, where it was also shown that recombination from these states is an efficient channel of the Mn spin orientation.

\section{Acknowledgements}
The author is grateful to  T.~Dietl for discussions, reading of the manuscript, and commenting on it. Discussions with  {\L}.~K{\l}opotowski, M.~Goryca, O.~Krebs, and C.~Le Gall are also acknowledged. The financial support from the Homing programme of the Foundation for Polish Science supported by the EEA Financial Mechanism, from the EU FunDMS Advanced Grant of the European Research Council within the ``Ideas'' 7th Framework Programme, and from the European Union within European Regional Development Fund through grant Innovative Economy (POIG.01.03.01-00-159/08, ``InTechFun''), is gratefully acknowledged.

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Terrence Wright
Moffitt Cancer Center Executive Leadership
Vice President, Facilities & Support Services
Terrence Wright is the Vice President of Facilities and Support Services for Moffitt Cancer Center. He brings more than 30 years of experience in health care facilities operations.
In his role, Wright has facility management responsibilities over the teams in business operations, food services, environmental services, parking and transportation, security, safety and emergency management and quality integration. He has leadership expertise in facility management, operations and design and construction of health care facilities. Wright has a demonstrated record in cost improvement, strategic planning, patient satisfaction and enhancing facility operations.
Prior to joining Moffitt, Wright was the director of Facilities Management & Construction at Saint Joseph Medical Center in Joliet, Illinois. He also served in a variety of facility, design and construction roles within the public and private health care sectors, including Vice President Facilities Planning/Management, National Healthcare Consultant, and at the Veterans Affairs where he managed a portfolio of projects in excess of $1 billion.
Wright holds an MBA from Webster University and a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from University of New Mexico. He holds certifications including Healthcare Safety Professional, Facilities Management Administrator, and Healthcare Construction. He has many professional affiliations including the American Society for Health Care Engineering and the Construction Management Association of America.


The offense of the Los Angeles Chargers suffered a huge blow on Tuesday when Hunter Henry their tight end tore the ACL in his right knee during the team's first day of organized training activities or OTAs.
On Wednesday, Henry will receive a second opinion, but in all likelihood he will not play the entire 2018-19 NFL season. This would have been Henry's third season and the Chargers were counting on him to develop into one of the key components of the Chargers offense, as the team decided not to bring back Antonio Gates, a future Hall of Famer, in free agency.
Now the return of Gates is a big possibility, as San Diego is expected to re-consider signing the veteran, who is 37, said a source close to the team.
The injury to Henry occurred early in team drills, and he was able to limp off the playing field under his own power. Once he was treated by team trainers, Henry stayed on the sideline for the remainder of Tuesday's session.
Following the session, San Diego head coach Anthony Lynn appeared to believe that Henry had not suffered any serious injury. Lynn said Henry was fine and the team only held the player out because they could.
Henry, who is 23, took over as the main tight end of the Chargers in 2017, ending the season with 45 receptions, 579 yards receiving and four touchdowns. In games in which Henry was targeted five or more times the Chargers were 7-1 and in game he was targeted fewer than five times, San Diego was 0-6.
Henry, who played his college football at Arkansas, has suffered various injuries in his first two seasons in the NFL. He lacerated a kidney in 2017 and missed the final two games of the season, and he missed a game with a knee injury his rookie season.
General Manager Tom Telesco of the Chargers said during the NFL draft that the team had decided it would move on from Gates because targeting him on offense would be limited and they wanted to increase the role of Henry.
However, Gates has a very good rapport with veteran signal caller Philip Rivers, knows San Diego's offense intimately, and showed during the final two games of last season with 10 receptions, 137 receiving yards and one touchdown, that he is capable of still making plays.
While the Chargers signed Virgil Green to be there blocking tight end and have three other players on the current 90-man roster at the tight end position, depth is a big issue.


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Tag: princeton
Princeton Department Of Music
By Paula | April 11, 2019
What precisely is dance? Most karaoke machines also have video screens that present lyrics to songs being carried out; performers can observe the lyrics as they sing over the instrumental tracks. In Liberal Arts you'll sharpen the mental and communications skills artists have to go farther.
Our students not solely immerse themselves in their musical research with an intense focus, however are additionally inspired to broaden their views and cross boundaries. For example, a disc jockey uses disc data for scratching , and some 20th-century works have a solo for an instrument or voice that is carried out together with music that's prerecorded onto a tape.
Music has been aside of the human expertise in every tradition and society of mankind since time started. American indie-pop band lovelytheband make their Lost in Music debut on January 9 after their multi-format rock hit single Broken" quickly earned legendary standing in 2018 as essentially the most played tune on Various radio.
A spherical , which is a track comparable to " Row, Row, Row Your Boat ", which completely different groups of singers all start to sing at a special time, is an easy instance of polyphony. Extra advanced Classical, pop and traditional music songs and pieces could have two keys (and in some instances three or more keys).
All cultures embody a mix of each, and performance may vary from improvised solo playing to extremely planned and organised performances akin to the trendy classical live performance, religious processions, classical music festivals or music competitions Chamber music , which is music for a small ensemble with only a few of every sort of instrument, is usually seen as more intimate than giant symphonic works.
It represents our ongoing efforts to modernize, enhance, and strengthen our curriculum, and is borne out of our commitment to grow and evolve along with a changing musical world and to continually aspire to effectively and relevantly accomplice with our college students as they pursue their artistic dreams.
A distinction is often made between music performed for a live viewers and music that's carried out in a studio in order that it can be recorded and distributed by means of the music retail system or the broadcasting system. Of their study, Blood and Zatorre asked 10 musicians, five men and 5 women, to decide on stirring music.… Read More..
Princeton Division Of Music
By Paula | December 10, 2018
To change into proficient on any instrument, take into account taking music classes. Use your Verizon connection to obtain your favourite songs from choose music services if in case you have a premium subscription — cellphone-free — even when you're on the go. Simply download your favourite music service app from the Join IQ Store, and sync.
Jorgensen presents 25-30 nationally and internationally acclaimed artists and ensembles annually, ranging from classical music to world music and dance, classical and contemporary dance, comedy, family programming and modern leisure. Some works, like George Gershwin 's Rhapsody in Blue , are claimed by both jazz and classical music, while Gershwin's Porgy and Bess and Leonard Bernstein 's West Aspect Story are claimed by both opera and the Broadway musical custom.
Scores and elements are also utilized in well-liked music and jazz, particularly in massive ensembles akin to jazz " huge bands" In fashionable music, guitarists and electrical bass gamers usually read music notated in tablature (usually abbreviated as "tab"), which indicates the situation of the notes to be played on the instrument utilizing a diagram of the guitar or bass fingerboard.
In secondary faculties (and fewer generally in elementary colleges), college students may have the opportunity to carry out in some kinds of musical ensembles, resembling choirs (a bunch of singers), marching bands , live performance bands , jazz bands, or orchestras.
Jorgensen Middle for the Performing Arts is the biggest faculty-based mostly presenting program in New England. Catch our weekly show featuring unique live performances, direct from our New York pop-up area. Lesson Program – Instructing over 1.5 million lessons per yr, Music & Arts is the most important personal lesson supplier in the nation.
These have been: "pitch, loudness, time, and timbre" (p. three). He did not name them the "elements of music" however referred to them as "elemental components" (p. 2). Nonetheless these elemental elements link exactly with four of the most typical musical parts: "Pitch" and "timbre" match exactly, "loudness" hyperlinks with dynamics and "time" links with the time-based parts of rhythm, duration and tempo.… Read More..


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Father's day: A daughter's tribute to her father
Behind every strong and independent woman is her father. We often forget that a big part of empowerment and self-worth begins in childhood and is greatly influenced by our parents? decisions and the way they relate to us. There is no doubt of the influence fathers have in shaping their daughters? confidence in patriarchal societies such as that of Chitral, Pakistan. I was blessed to have a father who valued, loved, and trusted me as a beloved child, and treated me no differently than a son. This was a mode widely divergent from the norms of my culture. When most daughters were relegated to only household tasks such as cooking, crocheting, weaving sweaters, or tending to animals, my father Abdul Akbar (aka Chairman Lotkoh) decided to send his girls to the only available local school, which just so happened to be a boys-only school. He also encouraged us to pursue higher education and have ambitions and unwavering viewpoints of our own. He never shushed me or any of my siblings for speaking our minds, and both my parents taught us to always speak up for injustice. They also taught us never to hate anyone.
I thank my parents, especially my father, for raising me to be independent and strong. Even today at the ripe old age of 37 and a mother of two children, I remember how he valued my judgement when making important decisions while I was still very young. When I was only a teenager, he would often discuss with me his plans for traveling out of the country on business trips. Since my dad always treated me as an indispensable element in his life, jointly discussing dilemmas and creating solutions, he fashioned a child who became a problem solver instead of a complainer. Who else would do that other than a dedicated father who wants to raise a strong and independent daughter?
At the boys-only school, I was not taught home economic and aesthetics, which is probably why I chose a career in finance and real estate. Skills such as cleaning dishes, gardening, and cooking can be learned anytime in life, but it is essential that parents cultivate children early on to be happy, independent, strong, resilient individuals with the ability to solve their own problems. In this age of so much anxiety and depression, we need to provide our children with these vital characteristics. While cooking and household chores are crucial to maintaining our corporeal selves, these other abilities sustain our higher-level needs?our spiritual and mental well-being.
Despite my mom?s strong protests, my dad taught me and my female siblings how to use a gun for both sport and defense, when typically only sons were considered worthy to be trained in this sporty and defensive technique. He also taught me horseback riding when I was very young. My father?s trust and belief in me always made me feel powerful and gave me the self-esteem that was equal or more to any problem I would face.
Most importantly, he taught us how to value the good and ignore the bad in life. He is known for his humility and kindness and strived to instill that in his children as well. I will never forget him saying, ?Power with humility is very powerful, and without it is very harmful.?
It is primarily to my father?s credit that his children are happy and unafraid to discuss anything with their parents. This should be the model for all parents to follow. My parents? love and trust has created successful children with happy and fulfilling lives. In patriarchal societies, it is particularly noteworthy that my father has bestowed these same blessings on his female children, and I, for one, am eternally grateful. ..? Nighat Akbar Shah, 17 Jun 2018
2 thoughts on "Father's day: A daughter's tribute to her father"
Naila Rahim says:
A well written, well paid tribute to a father.
Shahzadi Sofia Baig says:
Your heartfelt praise on Father?s Day should resonate with so many Chitrali youngsters who have been blessed with caring and devoted parents. We are fortunate to be a part of a culture that respects and honours both of our parents equally. Like many families our father too was instrumental in ensuring that both boys and girls were blessed with the same opportunities for education, personal development and advancement.
Although I may be older than the writer, we had a very traditional upbringing and also the benefit of a contemporary modern education. Fortunately, we had the example of earlier generations of independent and strong willed women from our region who contributed to the well-being of our families and society. It is not for nothing that the Wali of Swat wrote of the domineering control over the affairs of state by his Chitrali grandmother. She served as the de facto ruler of that state for an extended period. With due respect to the writer, I would remind her that the education of women in our society has continued for generations and is not a new phenomenon. In today?s parlance, what is called home schooling was the standard education provided with learned tutors who imparted knowledge of religion, poetry, literature and language as well as basic sciences and math. My only concern in the modern age is that we lose sight of our values, traditions and faith in a world where everything new and modern is considered better without appreciating the rich history and depth of our own culture. In a globalized world celebrating Mother?s Day, Father?s Day and a host of other secular days should not compromise or dilute our values. Thank you for sharing your personal sentiments on father?s day and best wishes to all fathers including my dear Dudda.


His eyes were dark and hazy, full of anger and hatred. I could see clear through him. Why did they all think that he was such a kind person? I never did understand why he was able to dupe this entire town. Life here in Waverly has always been about community, helping each other, being there when tragic times where ahead. He saw the innocence of this town. He saw the kindness and the naivety within the eyes of these people. The blindness they had, the corners where darkness could hide. He was able to blend in and hide among them all, like a wolf in sheep's clothing. As for me, I could see him. I could perceive his dark heart. I wanted to provoke him, make him come out of hiding. They couldn't say it was just my imagination then!
I write to share ME.
To share the hardships, difficulties, excitements, joys and fears, my imagination, dreams …warts and all.
In this writing exercise I did on Quotesnack.com …. it reminded me how much I love to tell a story with my words, to be creative and make a little piece of something come to life…sparking imagination!!
In that paragraph I think it is easy for the reader to think of a time when you may have felt the way the storyteller did. Do you remember a time when you knew, that you knew, that something was not right….and yet no one would hear you. It seemed as though everyone around you was totally taken in by a person who was less than honest or a loved one was falling for someone who was all wrong and you could see the road ahead. ????
We all may have been there at one time or another, if we have any discernment at all.
Do you remember that PUSH inside you that wants you to PROVOKE that other person to show their hand to lay out their cards….wanting them to come clean because you know that you are RIGHT!!!
We may be able to see the heartache….the hurts….the tragedy….the sadness in the end.
But we are asked to judge nothing before the appointed time….some things just need to play out.
It may be that the situations are meant for learning….
Lessons in patience, kindness, loving our enemy, strengthening our stand, learning not to carry the burden alone.
TRUST IN THE LORD FOR HE IS GOOD AND HIS MERCY ENDURETH FOREVER!!!
In the end it all comes to light…… what was and what will be.
My past isn't the prettiest. I was one that some may have said " HEY!! You are not going in the right direction!" Things I went through I wouldn't want to relive, but on this side of knowing the Lord…I wouldn't change a thing!! The God of Heaven designed my path so that I would walk straight to Him. I chose Him when I met Him. Those things are my history…my where I've been on the road to where I am. It's all HIS STORY now!!
I really, really enjoy reading your work! The way you write is simply inspiring, sometimes. I'm not a strong believer in God, but I do believe and your work is really good.
Thank you for checking out my blog. :0) I will pay attention and re-read what I wrote and see if I can find where those colons and semi-colons should be…thanks for the tip!!! Perhaps just that fact that I wrote that means I could use a little brush up…lol Glad you enjoyed it!
Thank you Wendi!! :0) Have a great day girl!!


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The Executive Talk: PTT Global Chemical PCL (SET:PTTGC)
Licensing Show and Conference draw to a close
Singapore online brokerage Tiger Brokers sees strong retail investor growth in Q4 2020 with 108% increase in new user sign ups
DigiCol + AnRKey X Announce True NFT Cross-Platform Interoperability
Moonstake Enters a Strategic Partnership with RockX to Support the Polkadot (DOT) Ecosystem
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DENSO Adopts SDK SiC Epi-wafers for Next-Generation Booster Power Modules for FCEVs
11/12/2020 13/12/2020 PHStocks	0 Comments DENSO Corporation, Showa Denko
Silicon carbide epitaxial wafers (SiC epi-wafers), the main material for power semiconductors, with a diameter of six inches (150mm) and manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. (SDK; TSE:4004), have been adopted by DENSO Corporation for their latest booster power modules for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs).
SDK's SiC epi-wafers, launched in 2009, have been adopted by electronic device manufacturers for various devices including power supply for servers of cloud computing systems, quick charging stands for EVs, and railcars. DENSO adopted SDK's SiC epi-wafers for its next-generation power modules recognizing the track record of adoption by device manufacturers, highest-grade epi specifications, low density surface defects, and low frequency of basal plane dislocation.
When compared with current mainstream silicon-based semiconductors, SiC-based power semiconductors can operate under high-temperature, high-voltage, and high-current conditions, while substantially reducing energy loss. These features enable device manufacturers to produce smaller, lighter, more energy-efficient power control modules. SiC power semiconductors are already used in on-board battery chargers and quick charging stands for EVs, and railcars. Demand for SiC power semiconductors is expected to grow, with full scale use in power control units (PCUs) for EVs in and after 2025.
The Showa Denko Group aims to contribute to the solution of SDGs-related issues through its business activities and become "a social contribution company" that contributes to the creation of society where affluence and sustainability are harmonized. The size of the market for SiC epi-wafer, which realizes efficient use of energy, is expected to be about 100 billion yen in 2025, and will grow further because of the start of its full-scale use as parts of PCUs. As the largest independent manufacturer of SiC epitaxial wafers, and under a motto of "Best in Class," SDK will continue coping with rapid expansion of the market for SiC epitaxial wafers and providing the market with high-performance and highly-reliable products, thereby contributing to the spread of SiC-based devices.
About Showa Denko K.K.
Showa Denko K.K. (SDK; TSE:4004, ADR:SHWDY) is a major manufacturer of chemical products serving from heavy industry to computers and electronics. The Petrochemicals Sector provides cracker products such as ethylene and propylene, the Chemicals Sector provides industrial, high-performance and high-purity gases and chemicals for semicon and other industries, the Inorganics Sector provides ceramic products, such as alumina, abrasives, refractory/graphite electrodes and fine carbon products. The Aluminum Sector provides aluminum materials and high-value-added fabricated aluminum, the Electronics Sector provides HD media, compound semiconductors such as ultra high bright LEDs, and rare earth magnetic alloys, and the Advanced Battery Materials Department (ABM) provides lithium-ion battery components. For more information, please visit www.sdk.co.jp/english/.
Showa Denko K.K., CSR & Corporate Communication Office, Tel: 81-3-5470-3235
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D&L Industries Declares Cash Dividends
The Board of Directors of D&L Industries, Inc. (PSE: DNL) approved the declaration of cash dividends of P0.183 for stockholders
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Q: ASP security code if else doesn't work We have an old project we decide to implement a security code to our resume form I put that code bottom and my question is why if else statement doesn't work even code and form input was equal.
if (Session("random_code")<>request.form("input_code")) then
  Response.Write "wrong code"
else
  Response.Write "true"
end if

result is always wrong code I mean only first statement works.

A: Wild guess. Try by adding a Cstr() around both session() and request.form()
This makes sure you are comparing string subtypes.

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