Driving offence solicitors, if you face prosecution for any type of motoring offence including speeding tickets, tachometer violations and drink driving right through to death by dangerous driving offences, then we can help. This is the main sales approach for most of these Driving offence solicitors.
Is your job at risk if you are disqualified from driving?
What would the impact of a driving ban be on you and your family?
How would points on your licence affect your insurance premiums?
Are you aware that the courts can ban you from driving any vehicle for up to five years depending on the offence you are convicted of?
The penalty points system was introduced in an attempt to provide the Courts with another method of punishing motorists apart from the original fine and driving ban option. In this way, the Court could endorse a person's driving licence with the number of points it felt appropriate up to 12 penalty points, given the severity of the offence.
Postnatal depression is a type of depression some women experience after they have had a baby.
It usually develops in the first four to six weeks after childbirth, although in some cases it may not develop for several months.
There are many symptoms of postnatal depression, such as low mood, feeling unable to cope and difficulty sleeping, but many women are not aware they have the condition.
It's common to experience mood changes, irritability and episodes of tearfulness after birth – the so-called baby blues. These normally clear up within a few weeks. But if a woman experiences persistent symptoms, it could well be the result of postnatal depression.
People expect that having a baby is going to be a source of happiness, and of course it is, and should be. But, as a new mother, you may be very far from feeling this straight away, and this can bring with it huge anxiety. You may go through a short period of feeling emotional and tearful, which may be brief and manageable (the 'baby blues'), or you may develop deeper and longer-term depression (postnatal depression). Very rarely, a new mother may experience an extremely severe form of depression, known as puerperal psychosis.
The symptoms are similar to those that occur with depression at any other time. They usually include one or more of the following. In postnatal depression, symptoms are usually there on most days, for most of the time, for two weeks or more.
Low mood. Tends to be worse first thing in the morning, but not always.
Not really enjoying anything. Lack of interest in yourself and your baby.
Lack of motivation to do anything.
Feeling irritable a lot of the time.
Feelings of guilt, rejection, or inadequacy.
Poor concentration (like forgetting or losing things) or being unable to make a decision about things.
Feeling unable to cope with anything.
Talking to your partner or a friend might help, but it can sometimes be difficult for them to understand what you are going through. Your GP or health visitor is your best first port of call.
Your GP may be able to refer you to a support group, counsellor or psychotherapist. She also may be able to arrange for you to have cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). CBT can teach you every-day coping strategies for tackling PND. Unfortunately, in some areas there are long waiting lists for this. You may want to contact a charity that can put you in touch with a trained volunteer who is used talking to people with PND.
Failure to stop happens when an accident involving a vehicle has occurred and the owner of the vehicle failure to stop at the scene, and when he or she is required to do so, does not exchange or provide their details.
'Failure to report' happens when a driver does not report the accident within 24 hours to the police.
Every motorist is under a duty to stop at the scene of an accident and remain for such time as is reasonable in the circumstances to allow details to be exchanged with any person requiring them.
Dangerous (Reckless) driving is a statutory offence. It is also a term of art used in the definition of the offence of causing death by dangerous driving. It replaces the former offence of reckless driving.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Suspensions of non-Brownian particles (diameters $d\gtrsim 5{\upmu}$m) are ubiquitous in industry. Their rheology is critical in the manufacture of numerous formulated products, including paints, ceramics, and cosmetics. Provided the particles are well-stabilised, such suspensions typically shear thicken under flow, where the viscosity $\eta$ increases with increasing stress (or shear rate) \cite{Barnes1989,Denn2017}. There is a growing consensus \cite{Denn2017,Morris:2018aa,Guazzelli2018}, based on recent experiments and simulations \cite{Seto2013,Fernandez2013,Mari2014,Lin:2015aa,Clavaud:2017aa,Comtet2017}, that shear thickening results from the formation of frictional contacts. Friction constrains sliding motion, shifting the jamming volume fraction $\phi_{\rm J}$ from random close packing, $\phi_{\rm RCP}$, for frictionless particles at low stress to $\phi_{\rm m} < \phi_{\rm RCP}$ for frictional particles at high stress.  Full flow curves $\eta(\sigma)$ can be calculated using the phenomenological Wyart-Cates (WC) model \cite{Wyart2014}, in which the stress-dependent $\phi_{\rm J}(\sigma)$ interpolates between these two limits, reproducing both simulations and experimental results \cite{Guy2015,Royer2016,Singh2018a}.

The importance of static friction and constraints in shear thickening \cite{Hecke:2010aa} suggests an intimate connection with the physics of dry granular media.
Similar features in the spectrum of vibrational modes (density of states) in suspensions and jammed grains have been shown in simplified simulations of frictionless suspensions \cite{Lerner2012a,Lerner2012b,During2014}, with low frequency `soft modes' that vanish at a critical coordination number $Z \rightarrow Z_{\rm J}$, driving the viscosity divergence. This result and the reduction of $Z_{\rm J}$ in frictional packings \cite{Hecke:2010aa,Silbert2010} underpins the initial WC formulation \cite{Wyart2014}, with $\phi_{\rm m}$ in suspensions corresponding to the limit of random loose packed frictional grains.

Motivated by a lack of obvious structural signatures of jamming in traditional real-space measures, there has been considerable effort devoted to characterizing the statistics and structure of the contact force networks of dry granular materials \cite{Radjai:1996aa,Mueth1998,Makse:2000aa,Blair2001,Snoeijer:2004aa,Majmudar:2005aa,Corwin:2005kk}. With limited exceptions \cite{Melrose:2004ab}, contact networks and force distributions in suspensions have received less attention. However, in a `granular view' of shear thickening, force distributions are key \cite{Seto2013,Mari2014}, particularly at the thickening transition where the form of the force distribution governs the fraction of frictional contacts at a given stress \cite{Guy2015,Ness2016b}.

Here we probe this connection between suspensions and dry grains near jamming in detail, using DEM simulations to model suspensions of spherical particles at varying volume fractions $\phi$ and inter-particle friction coefficients $\mu$. Computing the mean coordination number and force distributions in these simulations, we uncover numerous similarities between flowing suspensions near jamming and dry granular packs, supporting the `granular view' of suspension rheology.

\section{Methodology}
We simulated 3D suspensions of neutrally-buoyant non-Brownian spheres in a Newtonian background fluid of viscosity $\eta_{\rm f}$. Hydrodynamic forces are calculated using the discrete element method (DEM)~\cite{Ball1997,Seto2013,Ness2015}, including the Stokes drag and short-ranged lubrication interactions. The latter are regularized below a particle separation of $\xi_{\rm min} $ where $\xi = 2 r/(d_1+d_2)$ for two particles of diameter $d_1$, $d_2$ at a center-to-center distance $r$~\cite{Cheal2018,Radhakrishnan2018}. We neglect long-ranged hydrodynamic interactions between particles because we only consider high $\phi$.

The regularization of lubrication forces means that particles can come into contact. Such contacts are modeled by a linear Hookean spring $F_{\rm n}^c=k_{\rm n} h$, with spring constant $k_{\rm n}$  and the extent of particle overlap $h$. The tangential spring force is $F_t^c=k_t h_t$, where $k_t=(2/7)k_{\rm n}$ and the incremental tangential stretch $h_t$ is initialized to 0 at contact and updated following Silbert et al.~\cite{Silbert2001}. The maximum $F_t^c$ is set to satisfy the Coulomb criterion, $|F^c_t| \le \mu |F_{\rm n}^c|\ ,$ where $\mu$ is the friction coefficient.

The critical load model (CLM), in which $F_t^c=0$ when $F_{\rm n}^c \le F_{\rm CLM}$, is used to simulate shear thickening~\cite{Seto2013,Mari2014}.  $F_{\rm CLM}$ mimics the repulsion that prevents facile particle contact~\cite{Comtet2017,Chatte2018}, and sets a force scale for transition between frictionless to frictional flow.

Homogeneous simple shear at rate $\gdot$ was imposed by affine deformation with Lees-Edwards periodic boundary condition in LAMMPS~\cite{Plimpton1995}. 1872 bi-disperse spheres at diameter ratio 1:1.4 (to prevent crystallization) mixed in equal volumes were simulated~\cite{Seto2013} at constant $\phi$ and $\gdot$ such that the Stokes' number $\rho \dot{\gamma} d^2/\eta_{\rm f} < 1$, where $\rho$ is the fluid or particle density.

The total stress was found by summing contributions from the contact, hydrodynamic forces between particles and isolated particle stresslets. The relative viscosity is taken to be $\eta_{\rm s}=\sigma/(\gdot \eta_{\rm f})$, where $\sigma$ is the $xy$ component of the stress tensor. All the results presented were obtained by averaging over at least 10 strain units in steady state. To ensure hard-sphere like behavior, in all simulations we verified that the stiffness was set sufficiently high, $k_{\rm n} \gg \sigma d$, to avoid spurious shear thinning from particle overlaps~\cite{Radhakrishnan2019}.

\section{Results}

\begin{figure}
\center
  \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{Fig1.pdf}
\caption{(a) Relative viscosity $\eta_{\rm s}$ of suspensions at different volume fractions $\phi$ and (b) the average contact number $Z$ for different particle friction coefficients $\mu$. The jamming packing fraction \PHIJ is obtained by fitting $\eta_s$ with Eq.~\ref{eq:rel_vis} indicated by the dot-dashed lines in (a). }
\label{fig:rel_vis}
\end{figure}

At fixed $\mu$, the suspension's shear rheology is quasi Newtonian. Its $\gdot$-independent viscosity increases with $\phi$ and diverges at a $\mu$-dependent jamming volume fraction \PHIJ, Fig.~\ref{fig:rel_vis} (a), which we obtain by fitting
\begin{equation}
	\eta_{\rm s}= \alpha^\mu \left(\PHIJ -\phi\right)^{p},\
	\label{eq:rel_vis}
\end{equation}
where, following literature \cite{Singh2018a}, we fix $p=-2$, leaving $\alpha^\mu$ and \PHIJ\, as fitting parameters.
As $\mu$ varies from $10^{-4}$ to 10, $\PHIJ$ moved from 0.65 in the low friction limit to 0.57 in the high friction limit, agreeing with previous work \cite{Mari2014,Singh2018a}. The pre-factor varies weakly with $\mu$ and, despite previous suggestion of $p$ varying somewhat from $-2$ in the frictionless limit~\cite{Kawasaki2015}, our results are consistent with $p=-2$ at all $\mu$ (Fig. S2~\cite{SI}).  Fits yielded nearly identical \PHIJ\, even if the $p$ is allowed to vary.

As $\phi \to \phi_{\rm J}^{\mu}$, the average per-particle contact (or coordination) number $Z$ increases, Fig.~\ref{fig:rel_vis} (b). We estimate $Z$ at jamming, \ZJ, by linearly extrapolating data for $\PHIJ-\phi\le0.011$ towards zero. Large fluctuations occurred for  $\mu>0.75$ and $\PHIJ-\phi \lesssim 0.01$ due to jamming and unjamming transitions in a finite-size system~\cite{Banigan2013}. Thus, we do not extrapolate to find \ZJ above  $\mu=0.75$.

The plots of \PHIJ\, and \ZJ against $\mu$, Fig.~\ref{fig:critical}, show a remarkably similarity in form compared to simulations of isotropically-compressed packings \cite{Silbert2010} and simple shear \cite{Sun:11a} of monodisperse granular spheres.  Our \PHIJ\, values are slightly higher than those in monodisperse systems, as expected~\cite{Pednekar2018c}. The same is true of \ZJ even in the low-$\mu$ limit, where $Z^{\mu=0}_{\textrm{iso}} = 6$ is expected. It is not clear if the finite particle softness in DEM simulations or shear-induced anisotropic structures is responsible for this difference, which has also been observed for quasi-statically sheared bidisperse granular spheres~\cite{Vinutha2019}.

\begin{figure}
\center
  \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{Fig2.pdf}
  \caption{Dependence of (a) the critical jamming volume fraction \PHIJ, and (b) the critical contact number \ZJ of bidisperse suspensions with friction coefficient $\mu$ compared with granular monodisperse spheres~\cite{Silbert2010,Sun:11a}. The inset shows the relation between \ZJ and \PHIJ. The dashed line shows Eq. \ref{eq:phij_rel} with $q=1.676$. }
\label{fig:critical}
\end{figure}

For monodisperse spheres, the Edwards statistical ensemble packing theory \cite{Edwards:1989} leads to \cite{Song2008,Wang2010,Baule2018}
\begin{equation}
	\phi_{\textrm{RLP}}=\frac{Z}{Z+2q}
	\label{eq:phij_rel}
\end{equation}
 with $q=\sqrt{3}\simeq 1.732$. Eq.~\ref{eq:phij_rel} fits our data with $Z \to \ZJ$, $\phi \to \PHIJ$ and $q=1.676$, Fig.~\ref{fig:critical} (inset).
We plot the contact number deficit $\Delta Z \equiv \ZJ-Z$ against the distance to jamming $\Delta\phi\equiv\PHIJ-\phi$ in Fig.~\ref{fig:Zpow}. In compressed granular packings, one finds $Z-\ZJ\propto (\phi-\PHIJ)^{1/2}$ and results for $0 \leq \mu \leq 10$ overlap in the range $10^{-5} \lesssim \Delta \phi \lesssim 10^{-1}$. \cite{Silbert2010}. The situation in suspensions is more complex, Fig.~\ref{fig:Zpow}. For $\mu \lesssim 0.06$, our results collapse onto two power law regimes, following $\Delta Z\propto \Delta\phi^n$, with $n\approx 1$ below $\Delta\phi \approx 0.06$, and $n\approx 0.3$ beyond.

For $\mu \gtrsim 0.1$, the low $\Delta \phi$ data for different $\mu$ still collapse onto a power-law behavior with $n \approx 1$. Now, however, we no longer find collapse at high $\Delta\phi$. Instead, data at increasing $\mu$ deviate from the $n=1$ power law sooner and drop to a lower asymptote. Data at $\mu \gtrsim 2$ is subject to significant uncertainty because of the impossibility of extrapolating to find \ZJ in Fig.~\ref{fig:rel_vis}(b). Instead, we solve for \ZJ using Eq.~\ref{eq:phij_rel} by substituting values of $\PHIJ$\, obtained previously from fitting Fig.~\ref{fig:rel_vis}(a). Including the points so obtained, we find that the data sets for $\mu \gtrsim 0.1$ appear to converge toward a $n = 0.3$ power law, the same exponent as the low-$\mu$ data sets, but now with a lower amplitude. It is yet unknown if the power law differs at lower $\Delta \phi$ at the highest $\mu$.

\begin{figure}
	\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{Fig3.pdf}
	\caption{Contact number deficit $\Delta  Z = \ZJ-Z$ verses distance to jamming $\Delta \phi = \PHIJ-\phi$ for suspensions with varying friction coefficients $\mu$.  Lines: fits to $\ZJ-Z \sim (\PHIJ -\phi)^n$ giving $n=0.96$ (solid) and $n=0.32$ (dashed).}
\label{fig:Zpow}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure*}
\centering
  \includegraphics{Fig4.pdf}
 \caption{Probability density functions $P(\theta)$ of the total normal force at contact between particles of suspensions for: (a) different friction coefficients when $\PHIJ-\phi \approx5\times10^{-3}$, (b) different stresses under the critical load model (CLM) with fixed $\phi=0.54,\mu=0.5$. (c) The fraction of frictional contacts $f$ with increase in stress for suspensions at different $\phi$ with $\mu=0.5$ for the CLM. In  (a) and (b), fits to Eq.~\ref{eq:dist} for $\mu\to0$ (solid line),  $\mu\to\infty$ (dashed line), and those from previous experiments~\cite{Blair2001} (dot-dashed line) with parameters given in Table~\ref{tab:param} are shown. The solid and dashed lines in (c) are the $f$ obtained from Eq.~\ref{eq:deriv_dist} for the solid and dashed lines in (a) and (b) with $\alpha=1.85$.  }
 \label{fig:normal_dist}
\end{figure*}

The rigidity of granular packs is mediated through grain-grain contacts, which are distributed heterogeneously in space \cite{Jaeger:1996fk}, with some grains bearing many times the mean force while others bear almost none. This is captured by the probability distribution $P(\theta)$, where $\theta \equiv F_{\rm n}/\langle F_{\rm n} \rangle$ is the normal force between neighbors $F_{\rm n}$ normalized by the mean. In dry granular packing, normal forces arise exclusively from direct contacts. In suspensions, inter-particle hydrodynamic interactions also contribute, although their exclusion does not change our results (Fig. S6~\cite{SI}).  We calculate $P(\theta)$ from snapshots of the force network collected every 0.1 strain units averaged over 10 strain units, with error bars indicating the standard deviation.

In Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(a) we plot $P(\theta)$ for sheared suspensions close to jamming with $\Delta \phi \simeq 5\times10^{-3}$ for a range of $\mu$. In common with dry granular packings, we find exponential-like tails at high forces. At $\mu =10^{-4}$, $P(\theta)$ is peaked at $\theta\approx 0.5$. As $\mu$ increases, the probability of low-force contacts increases, until at $\mu = 0.5$ the peak in $P(\theta)$ is no longer evident. An increase in $P(\theta \to 0)$ with increasing $\mu$ was also reported in simulations of dry granular packings~\cite{Silbert2010}. We observe a similar trend for fixed $\mu=0.2$ at varying $\phi$, with a slight increase in $P(\theta \to 0)$ as $\Delta \phi$ decreases (Fig. S3~\cite{SI}). Distributions of the tangential contact forces and the fraction of mobilized contacts are likewise similar to those obtained from dry-grain simulations (Fig. S4 ~\cite{SI}).

In compressed dry granular packings, $P( \theta)$ can be described by the empirical relation \cite{Mueth1998,Blair2001}
\begin{equation}
P( \theta)=a\left( 1 - b e^{-c  \theta^2} \right) e^{-\beta \theta}\ .
\label{eq:dist}
\end{equation}
We fit our data to this form, Table~\ref{tab:param}. The data and fit, Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(a) (full line), at $\mu =10^{-4}$ are more pronouncedly peaked than the $P(\theta)$ for compressed amorphous packings of smooth spheres, Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(a) (dot-dashed). At $\mu=0.5$, the peak in $P(\theta)$ is no longer evident: $b=0$ and the distribution is purely exponential, Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(a) (dashed). Note that our results at high $\mu$ show, and our results at low $\mu$ are consistent with, a finite plateau rather than a power-law scaling as $\theta\rightarrow 0$~\cite{Lerner2012b,Radjai:1996aa,Wang2010,Kyeyune2018}.

To examine the force network during shear thickening, we implement a critical load model (CLM), where frictional contacts are activated whenever $F_{\rm n}$ exceeds a threshold $F_{\rm CLM}$.
For a shear-thickening suspension with $\phi=0.54,\mu=0.5$, our data for $P(\theta)$, Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(b), are almost identical to those at fixed $\mu$, Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(a), and can be fitted to Eq.~\ref{eq:dist} in the low- and high-stress limits using the previous low- and high-$\mu$ limit parameters (solid and dashed lines respectively).
In the CLM, $F_{\rm CLM}$ determines the onset stress $\sigma^* = F_{\rm CLM}/(1.5 \pi d^2)$ for shear thickening \cite{Seto2013,Mari2014,Ness2016b}. The WC jamming volume fraction $\phi_{\rm J}(\sigma)$ shifts from $\phi_{\rm J}^0$ to $\phi_{\rm J}^\mu$ as the fraction of frictional contacts $f(\sigma)$ increases from $f \to 0$ for $\sigma \ll \sigma^*$ to $f \to 1$ for $\sigma \gg \sigma^*$, giving a thickening flow curve $\eta(\sigma)$.

\begin{table}
\caption{Fit parameters near jamming for $P(\theta)$}
\label{tab:param}
\begin{tabular}{lllll}
\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
 & a & b & c & $\beta$  \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
$\mu = 10^{-4}$ & 1.12 & 0.54 & 33 & 1.0 \\
$\mu \to \infty$ & 1.12 & 0 & - & 1.0 \\
Amorphous smooth spheres~\cite{Blair2001} & 1.5 & 0.59 & 3.1 & 1.21 \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

Typically, $f(\sigma) = \exp(-\tilde{\sigma}^*/\sigma)$ in fitting WC-type models to experiments or simulations~\cite{Guy2015,Singh2018a}, where $\tilde{\sigma}^* \approx \sigma^*$ to $\mathcal{O}(1)$. In general, the fraction of frictional contacts is given by
\begin{equation}
f=P(\theta \ge \theta_{\rm CLM})= \frac{\int_{\theta_{\rm CLM}}^{\infty} P(\theta)\, {\rm d}\theta}{\int_{0}^{\infty} P(\theta)\, {\rm d}\theta}\ ,
\label{eq:deriv_dist}
\end{equation}
where $\theta_{\rm CLM}(\sigma)=F_{\rm CLM}/\langle F_{\rm n}(\sigma) \rangle$. Assuming $\langle F_{\rm n} \rangle \propto \sigma$, we can write $\theta_{\rm CLM}=\alpha \sigma^*/\sigma$, where the pre-factor $\alpha \simeq 1.85$ is found to be independent of $\phi$ (see Fig. S7 and associated discussion~\cite{SI}). For a simple exponential force distribution, corresponding to our high-$\mu$ form of Eq.~\ref{eq:dist} with $b=0$ and $\beta=1$, integrating Eq.~\ref{eq:deriv_dist} gives $f(\sigma) = \exp(-\alpha \sigma^*/\sigma)$, a result previously derived to motivate an exponential form for $f(\sigma)$ ~\cite{Guy2015,Ness2016b}. This procedure can be repeated using the low-$\mu$ fitting parameters in Eq.~\ref{eq:dist}, where $b,c \neq 0$. Interestingly, the resulting $f(\sigma)$ obtained using either low- and high-$\mu$ fitted parameters in Eq. \ref{eq:deriv_dist}, corresponding to the solid  and dashed lines in Fig.~\ref{fig:normal_dist}(c), differ little; each gives a reasonable account of the data. This reflects the dominant importance of the high-force exponential tail, which remains largely unchanged as either $\mu$ or $\phi$ is varied.

\section{Discussion and  Conclusions}
We find that sheared dense suspensions exhibit a number of quantitative similarities to dry granular materials near jamming. The $\mu$-dependence of the volume fraction and coordination number at jamming, $\phi_{\rm J}^\mu$ and $Z_{\rm J}^\mu$, are reminiscent of corresponding functions in isotropic sphere packings~\cite{Silbert2010}. Thus, theoretical models relating $\phi_{\rm J}^\mu$ and $Z_{\rm J}^\mu$ in the latter may be extendable to suspensions~\cite{Song2008,Wang2010}. The force distribution in suspensions also recalls that in granular packings. An exponential tail dominates in the $\mu \to 0$ and $\infty$ limits, justifying the use of a simple exponential form for the fraction of frictional contacts in WC-type models of shear thickening.

Despite these similarities, we find that the relation between $\Delta Z$ and $\Delta \phi$ is more complex in suspensions than in dry grains, undercutting a number of assumptions underpinning the WC model for shear thickening. As initially formulated \cite{Wyart2014}, WC drew upon simulations of frictionless hard spheres \cite{Lerner2012a,Lerner2012b}, which found $\eta \sim \Delta Z^{-\nu}$ with $\nu \sim 2$. The basic physics is that `soft modes') are lost as the system approaches isostaticity ($\Delta Z \to 0$). These soft modes are characterized by the vibrational density of states $D(\omega)$, which gives the number of modes per particle at a given frequency. In dry granular packings above jamming, $D(\omega)$ trasitions from classical Debye scaling ($\propto \omega^2$ in three dimensions) to a constant low-frequency plateau as $|Z - Z^{\mu}_{\rm J}| \to 0$ in both the frictionless and frictional case \cite{Hecke:2010aa,Henkes:2010aa}. A similar change in the shape of $D(\omega)$ was seen in simulated frictionless suspensions as $Z \to Z^{\mu=0}_{\rm J}$ \cite{Lerner2012a}.

WC assume that the same physics applies in wet frictional suspensions, so that the shape of $D(\omega)$ is likewise controlled by $Z^{\mu}_{\rm J}$ and the $\eta \sim \Delta Z^{-\nu}$ scaling applies in both the frictionless and frictional case. To make useful predictions, they then need to relate the `natural variable' in dry grains, $Z$, to the `natural variable' in suspensions, $\phi$, for which they make the further assumption that $\Delta Z \propto \Delta \phi$ in {\it both} the low- and high-$\mu$ limits. We find such proportionality only for $\mu \lesssim 0.06$ and very close to jamming ($\Delta\phi \lesssim 0.03$), Fig.~\ref{fig:critical}. In these low-friction suspensions there is a rollover to a weaker power law at higher $\Delta \phi$, and for higher values of $\mu$ we never reach a regime where $\Delta Z \propto \Delta \phi$.

Despite these discrepancies, Eq. \ref{eq:rel_vis} fits our results over a relatively wide range of $\Delta\phi$ for all values of $\mu$, and the WC model formulated in terms of $\phi$ has proved successful in capturing experimental results \cite{Guy2015,Royer2016}. This suggests that the empirical relation between $\eta$ and $\Delta \phi$ should in fact be viewed as more universal, while the `soft mode' approach to understanding the viscosity divergence in suspensions may have limited applicability. Indeed, this is in line with work to develop empirical constitutive relations for frictional suspensions by analogy to empirical constitutive relations for flowing grains \cite{Boyer2011}. It has also recently been shown that viscosity divergence $\eta \propto \Delta\phi^{-2}$ can be derived for suspensions of frictionless spheres through a non-equilibrium kinetic theory approach~\cite{Suzuki2019}, and this approach could perhaps be extended to frictional suspensions as well.

In our analysis of the force networks in these suspensions, we have neglected the contribution from contact anisotropy to the stress and possible microstructure evolution during shear thickening. However, given the similarities between the force networks in wet suspensions and dry grains, it is likely that more advanced methods used to characterize force networks in jammed packings \cite{Sarkar:2013aa,Thomas2018,Kollmer:2019aa} could be applied to open a new window into the rheology and dynamics of dense suspensions.

\begin{acknowledgements}
The UK EPSRC Future Formulations grant EP/N025318/1 funded this work.
\end{acknowledgements}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
CHAPTER I - COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
SUBCHAPTER E - INLAND NAVIGATION RULES
PART 83 - NAVIGATION RULES
Subpart C - Lights and Shapes
§ 83.21 Definitions (Rule 21).
33 CFR § 83.21 - Definitions (Rule 21).
(a) Masthead light means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel, except that on a vessel of less than 12 meters in length the masthead light shall be placed as nearly as practicable to the fore and aft centerline of the vessel.
(b) Sidelights mean a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. On a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the side lights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centerline of the vessel, except that on a vessel of less than 12 meters in length the sidelights when combined in one lantern shall be placed as nearly as practicable to the fore and aft centerline of the vessel.
(c) Sternlight means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel.
(d) Towing light means a yellow light having the same characteristics as the "sternlight" defined in paragraph (c) of this Rule.
(e) All-round light means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees.
(f) Flashing light means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute.
(g) Special flashing light means a yellow light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 50 to 70 flashes per minute, placed as far forward and as nearly as practicable on the fore and aft centerline of the tow and showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of not less than 180 degrees nor more than 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to abeam and no more than 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Intelligent well systems help to increase recovery and address production issues through reconfiguring the completion. Deepwater costs, relatively low recovery rates and well intervention costs make intelligent completions an option to consider.
Intelligent completions include pressure and temperature measurement (often at each zone, remotely available at engineers' desktops), and remotely actuated downhole flow control valves (FCVs) that can be either on/off or variable.
The ability to continuously monitor flow from a deepwater reservoir, in multiple zones, can help to quickly identify anomalies and enable corrective action if required. Reservoir and production engineers optimize intelligent completions at the design stage. Custom completion workflows combine data from downhole sensors with zonal flow control to enhance production and reservoir management.


text:
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@protocol JavaxSecurityAuthDestroyable < NSObject, JavaObject >

/*!
 @brief Erases the sensitive information.
 Once an object is destroyed any calls
 to its methods will throw an IllegalStateException. If it does
 not succeed a DestroyFailedException is thrown.
 @throws DestroyFailedException
 if the information cannot be erased.
 */
- (void)destroy;

/*!
 @brief Returns true once an object has been safely destroyed.
 @return whether the object has been safely destroyed.
 */
- (jboolean)isDestroyed;

@end

J2OBJC_EMPTY_STATIC_INIT(JavaxSecurityAuthDestroyable)

J2OBJC_TYPE_LITERAL_HEADER(JavaxSecurityAuthDestroyable)

#endif

#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#pragma pop_macro("INCLUDE_ALL_JavaxSecurityAuthDestroyable")

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Mastercard: How Cloud Technology Is Revolutionizing the Payments Landscape
Novel Ways To Extract Value From Wastewater Inspired By Plants
Blockchain technology: How decentralization is revolutionizing the 21st century
Cyclist catches 12 drivers using phones behind the wheel in an hour; Will you be paying Strava's increased price? + more on the live blog
Plenty of comments on Strava to round up. A real mixed bag, many pointing to the annual price rise being equivalent to 58p per month, but for others this seems to be the straw-va that broke the camel's back…
OnYerBike: " I'd happily apply Hanlon's razor in this case. Strava have always had a complicated relationship with subscriptions. I think the fundamental issue is that the success of Strava is built on the fact the 'everyone is on it' which relies on a good And yet they rely on people paying for the premium option to bring in revenue.
"Take away the free option, or take away too many features, and you lose that 'community'. But the better the free option is, the less motivation people have to upgrade to premium.
"And of course there is constant competition and innovation. A particular limitation of Strava is it only captures 'workouts', where as more and more people have devices on 24/7 recording things like heart rate and steps, and want that information to be integrated too (as done by eg Garmin Connect)."
off the back: "Its fair to say that most people who subscribe to Strava ride regularly and probably spend a fortune on all manner of bike related things. The cost of £2 a month more is less than I pay for a coffee on a longish ride of which I probably do more than 3-4 times a in that time frame.I doubt many will notice that much of a change for what you get.
"I still maintain that Strava needs to streamline a lot of its service. Its database must be enormous now and that's probably costing them more to maintain and keep running. They could do a lot to keep costs down ie remove all rides from over five years (or so) keeping KOM records only. Get rid of the pointless local legend. it serves zero purpose. They could also do more to improve the AI on dodgy KOMs removal and flagging any obviously done in vehicles or on e-bikes. If Strava is anything, its a leaderboard for egos. If that single USP data isn't reliable in that area than what is Strava for?"
S13SFC: "I've concluded that I don't really need premium as all the data I really need is on Garmin Connect anyway. I really only used it for route planning and RWGPS does that just as well for free."
On Facebook, of 32 comments, more than a few said they'd canceled their subscription or would be soon. However, there were almost as many comments to the same effect as Gary Bradbury's… "When we put percentages on it, it can sound like a huge rise. My annual subscription hasn't changed since about 2014. It's now going up from £48 to £55. It's hardly worth getting your knickers in a twist about. It's gone up £7. Many of us happily pay £2.70-£3.50 for a cup of coffee, or £6-£7 for a pint of beer. My subscription has gone up from 92p to £1.05 per week. For me, it's still quite a cheap product that I like using."
US expresses support for political solution in Western Sahara – Middle East Monitor
Set up your SPEEDPLAY cleats like a pro
Japan's Ichigo Office REIT Buys Fukuoka Buildings
Rotterdam's Vanja Kaludjercic on diversifying the line-up for her first in-person festival | features


text:
Josh Swain
McGill Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, MSc, Public Health
University of Winnipeg (BSc'21), Assiniboine Community College (Dipl'09)
Josh engages with his Métis heritage by helping run .caISES, a campus group that supports Indigenous students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. This year, he also helped teach biology and financial literacy to Indigenous students.
Josh worked for seven years before beginning his undergraduate studies at the University of Winnipeg in 2016. He continued to work part-time at a restaurant during his studies. Josh plans to pursue a Master of Science in Public Health at McGill.


As your business is growing and more and more users are working with the Drop Shipment Console every day, it's easy to lose track who has confirmed an order, shipped a parcel or received a return. This is why we have integrated an Activity Log that automatically tracks all actions of all users. The log can then be reviewed on individual orders. This facilitates a better overview and improves communication between users.


text:
Q: Extracting a Calendar Year from Tax Year using R Year    Winner
2019-2020   100
2019-2020   500
2019-2020   10000
2020-2021   100559
2020-2021   114431
2020-2021   121461
2021-2022   200233
I have a dataset similar to the above, am seeking help onn how to extract a calendar year from the fiscal year using R

A: Are you trying to extract the first (or second) part of the year column to get a cal_yr column like this? Or have I misunderstood the question?
library(tidyverse)

tribble(
  ~year, ~winner,
  "2019-2020", 100,
  "2019-2020", 500,
  "2019-2020", 10000,
  "2020-2021", 100559,
  "2020-2021", 114431,
  "2020-2021", 121461,
  "2021-2022", 200233
) |>
  mutate(cal_yr = str_remove(year, "-.*"))
#> # A tibble: 7 × 3
#>   year      winner cal_yr
#>   <chr>      <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 2019-2020    100 2019
#> 2 2019-2020    500 2019
#> 3 2019-2020  10000 2019
#> 4 2020-2021 100559 2020
#> 5 2020-2021 114431 2020
#> 6 2020-2021 121461 2020
#> 7 2021-2022 200233 2021

Created on 2022-04-20 by the reprex package (v2.0.1)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Iniziò gli Studi all'Accademia Albertina di Torino e ben presto si dedicò all'arte funeraria, al bassorilievo, a opere in genere, anche se eccelse per i ritratti.

Fu allievo di Luigi Belli, anche egli scultore  e nel 1911 partecipa a un concorso per il monumento a Vincenzo Vela a Torino. Verso gli anni Venti esegue i monumenti ai Caduti di Lanzo Torinese (1922) e Chivasso. Condusse quindi le esposizioni alla Promotrice di Belle Arti di Torno dal 1910 e al Circolo degli Artisti nel 1945, a Roma nel 1912. Nella gipsoteca Gonetto di Cinaglio d'Asti sono conservati dei bassorilievi di influenza floreale ed il gruppo monumentale «Scioperanti», una delle sue opere più note.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
American Day Dream
Through the Wall: A Year in Havana–a Cuba Memoir of the Special Period
Voz Blog
Day Dream for Tourists
Margot Pepper
Author • Journalist • Bilingual Educator
The Smell of Smoke
by Margot Pepper on August 30, 2014 in Articles
By Margot Pepper
Source: Excerpt from the book September 11 and the U.S. War, Beyond the Curtain of Smoke edited by Roger Burbach and Ben Clarke, February 2002
The U.S. government and corporate media's reactions to the crimes against humanity last September 11 are giving me, the daughter of Luis Buñuel's favorite producer– blacklisted George Pepper "Werker"– flashbacks to the Cold War. While, as a child I could only admire the surrealist French film-maker for his swing set and director Dalton Trumbo of the Hollywood Ten for his magic tricks, I've absorbed the lessons of their legacies. If I am skeptical of unrestrained authority under the pretext of "national security"– beside the fact that it contradicts the checks and balances allegedly inherent in our triumvirate government structure and Bill of Rights–it is because I saw first-hand how it destroyed thousands of innocent U.S. lives.
Targeted by Senator Joseph McCarthy's communist-threat hysteria in the 1950s, thousands of radicals like my father were blacklisted throughout dozens of industries as "potential communists," which meant their termination or exclusion from their professions. Like so many others, my family fled without passports to Mexico to avoid receiving subpoenas. Were my father to have appeared before the State Committee on Un-American Activities, he would have been asked to confess, as in the Salem witch trials, that he didn't hold to the same ideology or religion as his accusers, name other like-minded heretics–or face imprisonment.
My parents had to remain in exile so long, I was born and raised in Mexico City. For over a decade the FBI actually did tap our phones, open our mail, tail us, keep ridiculous accounts of our movements alleging that ball games and Sunday breakfasts at our friends' homes were Party cell meetings. They illegally kidnapped colleagues in Mexico for extradition; seized royalty earnings of directors and writers who, when the blacklist broke, won Oscars and apologies, but no reparations.
That clamp-down on civil rights was justified in the name of wiping out the red threat–decent folks like my parents who believed housing, health care, food and education are human rights, who today would argue along with UN reports that the entire world's basic needs for education, food, water and medical care can be satisfied by taxing 225 of the largest fortunes less than four percent, and that bridging the gaps in the world's food and sanitation needs can be solved for just 13 billion dollars a year–the amount people in the U.S. and Europe spend on perfume.
The dissolution of the Soviet Union presumably ended the cold war, but not all the consequences. Today if Hollywood movies mirror Soviet propaganda films in that they're dreadfully acted, written and directed–never mind insulting to the average intelligence–it's because the blacklist purged the industry of content and any rendition of reality at odds with the HUAC version of the American dream. Still today, in the public schools, no teacher may receive employment without signing an anti-Communist loyalty oath.
Far more disturbing however, our planners' reactions to the tragic events which culminated in the destruction of the World Trade Towers in New York City evidence the fact that the basic framework of thinking hasn't changed since the witch hunts. In a speech reprinted by City Lights entitled "The Global Drift Towards Nuclear War," Noam Chomsky pointed out that since the Second World War, we've experienced "an application of the same essentially invariant geopolitical conceptions to various situations, but the basic framework of thinking hasn't changed." According to Chomsky, George Kennan, the Head of the State Department Planning Staff in the late 1940s, acknowledged that the United States had amassed half the world's wealth and that such unbridled greed bred resentment elsewhere on the planet. The primary purpose of U.S. foreign policy, claimed Kennan, was to "maintain that disparity" at the expense of "vague" and "idealistic" notions such as "human rights, the raising of the living standards and democratization." At the time, the sole threat to U.S. security were ICBMs and thermonuclear weapons, yet there is no evidence that any efforts to prevent this threat were ever made. Chomsky concludes that this historical record teaches us that questions of security have never been relevant to the arms race; and they still are not significant.
Today, fundamentalist terrorists worldwide from the Taliban to Fallwell-followers and neo-Nazi militia all pose real and disturbing threats to our well-being. However, judging from top defense contracts and airline and insurance company bailouts-with only token pennies for displaced and laid-off workers–it is plausible that our planners are more concerned with funneling our tax dollars to CEOs, than protecting us. Ever since the Second World War helped lift us out of the Great Depression of the 1930s, Chomsky reminds us, the lesson of 'Keynesianism' economics taught both U.S. planners and Fascist powers that if a government subsidizes production in the advanced sectors of industry, a capitalist economy can pull itself out of economic straits. The most tempting way for governments to do this is through military spending; the state creates a guaranteed market for high-priced technological production. And the most efficient way to goad tax-payers into footing the bill is to scare the wits out of them. Chomsky elaborates: "You can always frighten them because the 'monolithic and ruthless conspiracy' is out there ready to take over the world."
Furthermore, as long as people are terrified and blindly obedient-regardless of the legitimacy of the sources of these initial emotions–a state of national security acts as a smoke screen to veil unjustified and illegal attacks on civil liberties at home, as well as to obfuscate aggressive policies abroad which, ironically, will only provoke more incidents like the crimes against humanity that claimed more than 3,000 lives in New York. Fear has pushed the Patriot Act through, indefinitely restricting our First and Fourth amendment rights, and on October 2, 2002 343 billion of the dollars that were nowhere to be found for healthcare, homeless shelters, schools or social security, were funneled straight into the pockets of Boeing, General Electric, Lockhead and others. If we are not vigilant, fear will shut down our system of checks and balances, extend the WTO and approve union-busting Fast Track, putting thousands more out of work here at home, at the very least.
Unfortunately, fear is just one of several motivators to adopting positions which the public might have previously found objectionable. Stalin, McCarthy and Hitler all demonstrated the efficacy of massive propaganda campaigns which not only exacerbated fear, but elicited subservience from subjects. Philip G. Zimbardo from Stanford University, Ebbe B. Ebbesen at the University of California, San Diego and Christina Maslach at the University of California, Berkeley list some variables involved in such coercive persuasion, commonly known as brainwashing:
Isolation from Old Social Support. The usual sources of support are severed. In the initial weeks of the 911 tragedy, media offered no respite from the news, ball games were cancelled, restaurants and movie theaters were empty.
Information Control. The only ideas presented are those contained in the philosophy of the coercive persuasion agent. There is no opportunity to independently assess the validity or seek informative counter-arguments. Any opposition, teach-ins, attempt to criticize factual U.S. foreign policy, past or present, has been termed traitorous and unpatriotic. The only view acceptable is Bush's Party line. "You're with us, or you're with the terrorists." After ten days of bombing Afghanistan into oblivion, the United States bought up rights to the commercial satellite which has pictures of the area, so no one can publish them. Clear Channel banned all songs which advocate peace. Pacifica Radio, the largest corporate-free radio network in the U.S., is under constant attack. Instead of the footage of hundreds of civilian casualties and the burning of U.S. pop-tart food rations by civilian Afghanis, our media gives us interviews with missile-envying U.S. generals and sound bites for T.V.-stunted minds. "Effective propaganda must be brought out in the form of slogans… If this principle is sacrificed to the desire to be many-sided, it will dissipate the effectual working of the propaganda, for the people will be unable to digest or retain the material offered them…."–Adolf Hitler.
Cohesive Peer Group. Approval becomes a powerful source of social reward, status and recognition. Skewed poll questions and population samples manufacture consent for Baby Bush's war policies. The New York and Bay Area protests on October 6 swelling to over ten thousand protestors each were not covered by corporate media. While both major cities may have substantial opposition to the war, most individuals outside them who favor justice instead of vengeance are being led to believe that they're lone voices.
Illusion of Free Choice. Once the target behavior is self-generated, the new behavior will be maintained in the absence of surveillance or pressure-because it's one's own.
Should most readers feel immune to such persuasion, they may recall the infamous study by Stanley Milgram on blind obedience to authority in which the overwhelming majority of subjects continued to deliver, on demand, potentially lethal shocks to an innocent "victim." According to co-author of Human Information Processing (1977, Academic Press, Inc.) Donald A. Norman at the University of California, San Diego, the results of the Milgram experiment "raise the possibility that human nature, or-more specifically-the kind of character produced in American democratic society, cannot be counted on to insulate its citizens from brutality and inhumane treatment at the direction of malevolent authority. …If in this study an anonymous experimenter could successfully command adults to subdue a fifty-year-old man, and force on him painful electric shocks against his protests, one can only wonder what government, with its vastly greater authority and prestige, can command of its subjects." [Milgram, 1965]
As we witness the brutal killings and beatings of innocent Arab-American shop-keepers and gas-station attendants and the relentless bombing of a country in which over seven million face starvation, one need not wonder for long.
During McCarthyism, the repression was justified by scape-goating "communists;" today it's "terrorists," a fluid term presently extending to many groups including Arab-Americans, Muslims and activists. One might wonder why the definition of "terrorist" doesn't extend to neo-Nazi and other perpetrators at home, whose crimes include brutally dragging an African American to his death by chaining him to a truck, murdering an abortion doctor, threatening anthrax repeatedly at Planned Parenthood facilities and blowing up the Oklahoma Federal Building. In this Orwellian political scenario in which old enemies like Russia become allies and old Taliban business partners become targets, double-think logic means that Euro-American ("white") U.S. citizens cannot be terrorists (unless they protest or try to shed light on U.S. war crimes or injustices, in which case they are "traitors.") It is for these so-called "traitors" and "terrorists," now largely Arab-American and Muslim-American, that Dalton Trumbo's suppressed statement submitted to the House On Un-American Activities Committee in 1947 must ring true:
"Already the gentlemen of this committee and others of like disposition have produced in this capital city a political atmosphere which is acrid with fear and repression; a community in which anti-Semitism finds safe refuge behind secret tests of loyalty; a city in which no union leader can trust his telephone; a city in which old friends hesitate to recognize one another in public places; a city in which men and women who dissent even slightly from the orthodoxy you seek to impose, speak with confidence only in moving cars and in the open air. You have produced a capital city on the eve of its Reichstag fire. For those who remember German history in the autumn of 1932 there is the smell of smoke in this very room."
Nazis set the Reichstag building, the seat of the German government, on fire and blamed the act of terrorism on the communists. This aided Adolf Hitler in seizing power and suspending constitutional guarantees of individual liberty with the pretext of protecting the nation from threats to its security by the communists. According to one source, a fringe, deranged arsonist from Holland had been trying for a week to burn government buildings to protest capitalism. Under the direction of Hermann Goering, Nazi storm troopers befriended the arsonist and may have encouraged him to burn the Reichstag on the night of February 27, 1933 after which storm troopers entered the Reichstag cellar through a tunnel connecting the building to Goering's residence and flooded it with gasoline. Unfortunately, Trumbo's allusion to the tendency of power to frame its enemies as having carried out crimes which itself has committed and the impending threat of fascism is not a literary hyperbole, nor can it be dismissed as belonging to a time we'll never again revisit. Fascism, by definition of Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary in 1983, does not have to be as extreme as Hitler's Nazism. Rather, it is:
"a system of government characterized by rigid one-party dictatorship, forcible suppression of the opposition (unions, other, especially leftist, parties, minority groups, etc.), the retention of private ownership of the means of production under centralized governmental control, belligerent nationalism and racism, glorification of war, etc. First instituted in Italy in 1922."
By 1989 Webster's and other dictionaries had already disappeared down the memory hole the "corporative government" definition of fascism in which corporations determine the course of government on most issues, though that definition may still be found in foreign language dictionaries and old history books.
For those experiencing increasing difficulty in discerning the difference between the two major Republicrat parties and who don't suffer sufficient amnesia to forget that Baby Bush was not seated by a majority of the popular vote, but instead maintain that he seized power, the chasm between fascism and U.S. capitalism in the 00s (oh-ohs) may appear as thin as the ozone.
What hope is there? Plenty, if we can muster enough inner resolve and creativity to kick the television and corporate media drug habit and acknowledge that the primary weapon of any terrorist is terror. One of the elements which still distinguishes our system from a fascist regime at the time of this writing is the fact that we are still afforded the freedom to dissent with demonstrations and our published and broadcast words, however marginalized. Chomsky is not alone in suggesting we change the structures at home which perpetuate global and domestic iniquities, as WTO protestors have been attempting. Whether we achieve victory in our own lifetimes, for that matter, at all, is irrelevant. We must mature beyond Baby Bush's infantile notion of good and evil. It's not about winning; it's about taking a moral stand, like the Hollywood Ten and thousands upon thousands who stood up with them throughout the planet, throughout the ages. Regardless of all the sacrifices they were forced to make, my parents and their colleagues believe their political understanding has only enriched their lives. Never have these "un-American traitors" regretted for a minute valuing and protecting as the most sacred miracle imaginable, life–each and every life–nor have they forgotten the power of love capable of creating it.
Born in Mexico City, Margot Pepper is a journalist, author and bilingual educator whose work has been published internationally by the Utne Reader, Counterpunch, Znet, the Monthly Review, the San Francisco Bay Guardian, City Lights, Hampton Brown, and others. Her memoir, Through the Wall (Freedom Voices, 2005), was a finalist nomination for the 2006 American Book Award, www.freedomvoices.org/pepper/index.htm
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text:
Home » Film » Top films about winning lots of money
Top films about winning lots of money
Posted by Richard Gottlieb on Aug 10, 2020 in Film, News | Comments Off on Top films about winning lots of money
Do you like playing games? More importantly – do you like playing games where you can win money? Many people do for obvious reasons. Whether you choose to gamble at a real-life casino, play one of the many different online games such as bingo, or play your lucky numbers on the lottery – there is always that chance to win big. We all have that daydream of suddenly having huge amounts of life-changing cash.
If you need some inspiration, here are some great films about people who won lots of money.
If I Had a Million
Richard Bennett, a steel tycoon who's the main role in this movie, chooses eight random people and hands them $1 million each. Why? He does this to prevent his greedy family from taking his big inheritance.
One of the people who get the money is W.C. Fields, a person who uses it to clear the bad drivers from the road. Another is Gary Cooper, a marine who believes that this is a prank. Next, there is Charles Laughton who quits his job because of this. The stories are intertwined and amazing, and they bring either tragedy or joy to each recipient.
Brewster's Millions
There have been several films based on the 1902 novel of the same name by George Barr McCutcheon and there will no doubt be more made in the future. They all follow the same basic plot and for the purposes of this piece, we will look at the 1985 film directed by Walter Hill. That is the one that stars Richard Pryor and John Candy. Brewster is told that his recently deceased great-uncle has left him his entire $300 million fortune. He can just take $1 million or get the whole amount if he can spend $30 million in 30 days.
He may not own anything that was not already his at the end of the 30 days. He can donate 5% to charity and lose 5% by gambling, and he may not waste the money by purchasing and destroying valuable objects. Plus he cannot tell anyone about the deal.
What follows is a very funny take on how difficult it is to spend large amounts of money.
If you're up to seeing one of the best romantic comedies of all time, this is definitely a great choice for your next movie night! The It Could Happen to You movie stars Bridget Fonda and Nicolas Cage in the romantic story of two people who split the lottery.
In the movie, Nicolas Cage stars as a police officer who wins the lottery. He splits the money with Fonda, a waitress. Why?
Biasi the waitress is bankrupt because of her soon-to-be ex-husband (she cannot even afford to divorce him). When Charlie doesn't have enough money to tip her, he promises to double the tip or give her half of his lottery winnings if he wins the following day. When he wins the money, he keeps his promise.
Waking Ned
In Waking Ned (or Waking Ned Devine), a small Irish town finds out that one of the residents has won the lottery. Ned Devine had the winning ticket, but he died from the shock. The town then works together to convince the lottery inspector that Ned is still alive so they can collect the winnings and split it between the town.
A great heart-warming film that shows how a group of different people can come together.
Finder's Fee is a magnificent crime drama directed by Jeff Probst. This movie follows the story of a young man named Tepper who finds a wallet on the street. He then reaches out to the owner of the wallet, Avery Phillips, and realizes that the wallet contains a winning lottery ticket.
This is a story about the moral dilemma of a man who plays poker with his crew, which makes it a thrilling crime drama you should definitely watch.
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Finally, we come to a film which is a little different but still has the protagonist (in this case, the young Charlie Bucket) winning a life-changing amount of money. Of course, that comes in the shape of Willy Wonka's Chocolate Factory, but as the whole world was desperately searching for one of the golden tickets we know just how valuable it is. All Charlie had to do was survive the numerous traps and tricks set up by Wonka (played by the brilliant Gene Wilder) and basically be a good, thoughtful, and caring person. At the end of the day, that was enough for Charlie to make it through to the end.


it's just Laine: A Homemade Christmas--3 week series starting today!
A Homemade Christmas--3 week series starting today!
I'm so excited to be teaming up with my real-life and blogging friends Christa, Heather, and Christina to bring you a series of posts on "A Homemade Christmas." If you know me at all, you know that I LOVE homemade things! Whether it's food, a card, or a gift, the time and personal thought that goes into something homemade makes it so incredibly special.
These ladies are all so talented and I cannot wait to see all the fun they have in store for us! I hope you'll be inspired by this series to take some time to create for the special people in your life.
Today, Christa will be starting off "A Homemade Christmas" over at her blog, Brown Sugar Toast. Go visit her and see what she has in store!
I love homemade and handmade too! I look forward to seeing what ya'll have been up to.
Your Blog looks great, sweetheart! You hard work is really paying off. I'm really looking forward to your posts in the Christmas series!


Reliable and durable compact ride on roller for the compaction of earthworks and asphalt. Ideal for use on footways, road patching and driveways as well as the rolling of joints in road construction. Offering excellent all round visibility for the operator. Eliminating scuff marks and tarmac ripple with the latest technology and isolating the driver from much of the vibration via a rubber mounted platform.


text:
FIFTH & FINAL SERIES OF POLDARK
(Right: Eleanor Tomlinson & Aidan Turner)
The fifth and final series of Poldark will air on ITV Choice (DStv 123) on August 13 at 20h00 and writer Debbie Horsfield has delved into history as well as taking inspiration from Winston Graham's novels to write an action packed eight-part series.
It is a new century and with it comes the promise of a hopeful future, but the past casts a long shadow over Cornwall. Following the death of Elizabeth, Ross Poldark (Aidan Turner) resolves to put Westminster behind him and spend more time with the people he loves. However, when an old friend needs help, Ross is compelled to challenge the establishment and question his own loyalties to king and country. As the Enyses (Luke Norris and Gabriella Wilde) rally to join the cause, Demelza (Eleanor Tomlinson) must contend with dangers close to home, while George (Jack Farthing) courts corrupt powers whose influence spans the Empire.
A number of new cast members are joining Poldark for series five, including Vincent Regan (300) as Ross' old Army Colonel Ned Despard and Kerri McLean (Electric Dreams) as Ned's wife Kitty, a former slave. Sofia Oxenham (Grantchester) is the treacherous Tess Tregidden, Peter Sullivan (Entebbe) is the wealthy merchant, Ralph Hanson whose daughter Cecily (Lily Dodsworth-Evans - Genius) befriends Geoffrey Charles played by Freddie Wise (Maleficent 2).
Andrew Graham, son of Poldark author Winston Graham and series consultant on behalf of the Winston Graham Estate, says: "No-one can know what my father would have felt about the forthcoming series, let alone what he might have written. However, Debbie Horsfield has demonstrated such an extraordinary affinity with his work and has shown such remarkable skill in bringing his Poldark characters to the screen that we know we are in safe hands."
Adds Turner: 'There is a lot going on this series; there is an influx of exciting new characters, there's a lot of tension. There is a great pace to the show this year that feels different and overall it feels slightly more grown up. That is something I believe people have loved about Poldark, that it does change every series and there are always new and interesting characters that alter the feel of the show."
UK reviews have been unanimous in their praise for the final series with an average four out of five stars. Writes Gerard O'Donovan in the Daily Telegraph: "All in all, a thoroughly enjoyable start to what's almost certain to be an emotionally draining but hugely entertaining final run."
Posted by ARTSMART at 4:37 PM


In order to make life easier and less uncomfortable for elderly and others who have trouble reaching and using the toilet or assuming the required position for long periods of time, This product has primarily been designed with the purpose of facilitating daily routine life easy of people who need a portable, flexible, yet sturdy option to the toilets present in homes.This product is hygienic and skin friendly, an important feature that helps minimize the risk of infections and skin problems in the users. The product also boasts of an elevated and height-adjustable seat. This enables the user to pick an optimum height for a comfortable posture. The commode also provides rigid support and is sturdy to ensure comfortable use.


This simple to use cover will keep your folding bed mould and dust free while not in use. It's easy to fit and remove to help with short term guests with minimal fuss. Dust and mould resistant. Bed not included.


text:
Home > List of people > Johnstone-Robertson, G
Johnstone-Robertson, G
List: records (1) | collections (1) | images (0) | determinations (0) | confirmations (0) made by Johnstone-Robertson
The above links show records made of species which occur in Malawi. The actual records may have been made anywhere.
Map: records by QDS
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2023). Flora of Malawi: Person details: Johnstone-Robertson, G.
https://www.malawiflora.com/speciesdata/person-display.php?person_id=1098, retrieved 31 January 2023


Whether you get bored of your old monitor or have made up your mind to buy a new monitor, buying a desktop monitor is quite confusing because of so many options available in the market, and you do not want to end up buying the monitor that is outdated. Nowadays, desktop monitors have been seriously developed; they are available in various versions, some are high-resolution desktop monitors, while some have integrated graphics chipset attached to them, to enhance the viewing experience.
It's always better to go for devices, offering large screen size with high resolution. Also, consider the space that you have on your computer desk. You would not want to buy such a large screen that won't even fit on your desk.The desktop monitor comes in various sizes ranging from 20inches to 72inches, and resolution ranging from HD ready monitors to 5k res monitors. In this era of the touchscreen, most people want to go with touchscreen desktop monitor.
You get a crystal-clear screen with LED technology, that makes the monitor slim, and saves electricity. Monitor offers a frequency of 120 megahertz, that is useful for gamers and visual effects artist, because of its no flickering property. Touch screen desktop monitor is the new future, as anyone who hasn't used a mouse or keyboard before, can easily get their work done by a touch of a finger. In new models of a desktop monitor, HDR (High Dynamic Range) has been implemented, that ameliorate visuals. The desktop monitor has good viewing angles too, some of the models have an angle of 170 degrees, so people who are not in directly in front of the monitor can see the image without any color glitch. A desktop monitor is the go-to for a convenient and smoother experience in this era of technology.


Your release cover needs to be 3000x3000 JPG.
Ringtone releases are done per track, you cannot add multiple tracks within 1 release.
Our system enables you to create a ringtone using an album, EP or single that you've already submitted. Once a release you submit is complete, you will see a "Ringtones" app icon that will allow you to select a track and set your start and end time as well as the ability to fade in or fade out of a submission. You can even change the cover of each track you do a submission of since ringtones are only 1 track releases. Ringtones are exclusively for iTunes. Creating ringtones from an existing release has a convenience fee of $8.99 regardless of account type.
Creating ringtones from an existing release has a convenience fee of $8.99 regardless of account type. The audio files and track information will be imported for your convenience.
Creating new ringtones without using an existing release can be done at no cost. You will need to supply the files and information for all ringtones submitted this way.
iTunes is the proven leader for ringtones by leaps and bounds which is why we currently only offer iTunes as the sole point of distribution of ringtones. Many other partners have stopped accepting ringtones as it has become easier and easier for phone users to make or source their own. When it comes to 1st party or official ringtones for sale iTunes is still the one place consumers count on.