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Book Review - Rain - Don Paterson
by Don Paterson
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, first American edition 2010, ISBN: 978-0-374-24629-7
Reviewed by Marilyn McCabe
The Little Human Art: Don Paterson's Rain
I'm uncomfortable with rhymed poems anymore. Too schooled am I in the freewheeling "contemporary" approach, perhaps. Or is that I have seen myself and too many other poets tripping over the sometimes awkward shoes of rhyme? At any rate, it is my own failing that I did not fall in love with Don Paterson's poems in Rain until after he shed his rhyming shoes and stood barefoot in "Phantom."
This is an extended poem in seven parts, inscribed "in memory of M.D.," presumably the Michael Donaghy to whom the whole volume is dedicated. Donaghy and Paterson, fellow favorites of the Brit lit world, were also band mates and doubtless chums as well. And in this poem, Paterson considers the self and the self in the face of death. This is a poem of impossibility – the impossibility of coming to terms with one's own mortality, and someone else's, and the impossibility of elegy.
Donaghy died suddenly at 50, and in the first part we meet presumably this man, at a window, with death/night staring back. These are poems of watching and being watched, poems of reflection: looking and looking back. From part "I": "The night's surveillance. Its heavy breathing/even in the day it hides behind."
Night/death is a live thing:
When you spoke it reached the room
switching off the mirrors in their frames
and undeveloping your photographs;
it gently drew a knife across the threads
that tied your keepsakes to the things they kept…
The gentle violence, if there can be such a thing, of that knife cutting those threads runs through these poems. In "II," which references a painting by Zubaràn, "St. Francis in Meditation," recalls a skull in the hands of St. Francis held:
the knit-line of the parietal bones
the better, I would say, to feel the teeth
of the upper jaw gnaw into his sternum.
And in "VI,": "Your eye no eye but an exit wound."
Poem "III" references painter Alison Watt's exhibit of paintings inspired by classic paintings (presented in a show at London's National Gallery also entitled "Phantom"), including the Zubaràn. Her works are large scale details of draped fabric. In this poem the fabric represents the mystery of mortality, the impossibility of understanding it: "the linen's own materiality / and the folds depicted are impossible."
As the series unfolds, the poems become weightier, more stiff and formal in tone, like the clothes one dons for a funeral. Here is an example from number "V": "But when the wind rests and the dark light stills, / the tree will rise untethered to its station / between earth and heaven, the open book turn runic…"
But finally the heavy elegiac mood is broken by the imagined voice of the dead man himself: "Donno, I can't keep the bullshit up." In this poem the "I" seems to be not only the elegized but also the elegizer – meeting each other, as if in the pub after. A last rueful chat. That bark of mirthless laughter over a pint. Life is for the living, after all, not the vain attempt to pen what's lost. Drink up, mate, they both seem to say. "…what kind of twisted ape ends up believing / the rushlight of his little human art / truer than the great sun on his back?"
And yet the other poems in Rain nevertheless waltz in the rushlight regardless, considering the "dull things of the day / in which I see some possibility" ("Why Do You Stay Up So Late?") and questions along the metaphysical line, such as "How did I blunder into here? / There would be all hell to pay." ("The Rain at Sea"). But the volume never shakes an underlying sadness, even the lively and ebulliently tech-speak "Song for Natalie 'Tusja' Beridze." There is little solace here. The collection is beautifully haunted and chilled by the unknown, by that impossibility addressed in "Phantom," and embodied also in, for example, the last line of the poem "The Error": "…however deep we listen /…the skies are silent."
Marilyn McCabe's work has been published in a variety of literary magazines, including Painted Bride Quarterly, Nimrod, Beloit Poetry Journal, and Rhino, and she has received awards through the New York State Council on the Arts and through the Adirondack Center for Writing. She recently completed her MFA in Poetry at New England College. Her latest published work can be seen in the online magazine Praxilla:
http://www.ars-rhetorica.net/Praxilla/Praxilla.html


The late Bayard Boyle Sr. would often make a deal with his young grandsons on weekends in the 1970s: If they would accompany him on his drives to the rural outskirts of Memphis to look over some property, he'd let them sit in his lap, hold the steering wheel and pretend to drive.
"My memories were if we weren't playing golf with him we were driving around looking at property on weekends or in the afternoons," recalled Bayard Morgan, now executive vice president of Boyle Investment Company. It's the same firm the grandfather founded in 1933 with his two brothers.
The venue was fitting considering that last fall's completion of the 150,000-square-foot building, anchored by Pinnacle Financial Partners, also marked completion of the 45-year build-out of Ridgeway Center.
The multi-use development has been Boyle's signature business park for the Memphis area. Ridgeway Center hosts more than 150 businesses, including the regional headquarters for Suntrust, Pinnacle Financial, and Kroger, the cylindrical Hilton Hotel, a Malco theater, Benihana restaurant and many others.
The 18-hole Ridgeway Country Club once occupied what is now the northeast quadrant of a high-powered intersection: I-240 and Poplar. Boyle Investment Company recognized the potential and aggressively pursued buying the 154 acres from the club, recalled Henry Morgan Sr., co-chairman and Bayard Morgan's father.
"It was controversial. Some didn't want to move. They had a clubhouse falling down. Club members subsequently sold and went" further east, Henry Morgan said.
The company did something else forward-thinking in establishing Ridgeway Center. Boyle made Ridgeway Center the city's first planned unit development (PUD), executive vice president and chief operating officer Mark Halperin said. The new approach gave the firm more flexibility in how it developed the property.
"Right now it's great becasue of what Mark (Halperin) has done flipping all these tenants around," Henry Morgan said.
But Boyle's Southwind building will be filled again because Sedgwick Claims Management will consolidate its offices there.
This year is also the 20th anniversary of Boyle's 443-acre Schilling Farms mixed-use community in Collierville. The most recently completed projects there include a 50,000-square-foot office building, second phase of The Carrington apartments, and a 9,000-square-foot retail center.
Boyle Investment opened an office in Nashville in 2001, and by 2005 Boyle's work in Nashville had grown bigger than its Memphis projects. Boyle Nashville, with joint venture partners, have acquired, developed and managed more than 3.2 million square feet of commercial space, with another 532,000 square feet being built.
"We went over there thinking it was a good expansion for us never realizing, to be honest, how good it would be," Henry Morgan said. The firm's Nashville office now has 30 employees.
In Memphis, Ridgeway Center's land may be filled with buildings but the work there is not completed. Now, Boyle now plans to do some targeted demolition and redevelopment, Halperin said.


Ever since the early 18th century, Bombay was India's largest trading city and one of the largest ports of the eastern world. From there, cotton, spices, silk and raw materials of Indian subcontinent went out to the world. Naturally, it attracted energetic, hardworking persons having entrepreneurial skills.
Here in 1841, a trading company by the name of KhojaMithabhaiNathoo was established. It was a family business trading in metals and other commodities which had clients both in India and abroad.
In 1891, a teenage boy joined the family business by the name of HabibEsmail who was to transform the company.
The business prospered and the family and the firm rapidly acquired a reputation for its fair dealing, honesty and trustworthiness.
Upcountry traders returning home, began to deposit their surplus cash with the company for safe keeping. From here to merchant banking was a natural progression as the company began to provide trading finance to its customers.
The young Habib was so successful that by the age of 18, he not only became a partner in the business but was also the President of 'TambaKanta Market' (metal market). His commercial skills, personal reputation and ever growing contacts moulded the company into a major trading firm.
When his four sons joined him in business, HabibEsmail established, 'Habib& Sons' in 1921 and changed the name of the family to 'Habib'. Habib& Sons went on to become the flagship of the family and the parent of Habib Bank Limited.
His sons having learnt the quality of head and heart from their much loved father, became the motivating force in the family. Among his sons, MohammedaliHabib showed exceptional quality of leadership and vision. He was to play a very important role in the Habib family and its growth and expansion as also in its social and charitable services to fellow Muslims and also in the new country to be formed – Pakistan.
ESMAIL ALI of Jamnagar, India, a pioneer set up a small factory in Bombay. In his early days of struggle a son was born to him in 1878 whom he called "Habib".
As a child in school Habib excelled in studies and sport. However, a promising school career ended abruptly when his father died suddenly in 1891. At the tender age of 13 the young boy had to shoulder the responsibility of looking after his widowed mother and sister.
He joined his maternal Uncle Cassum Mohamed, the owner of KhojaMithabhaiNathoo, merchant and manufacturers of copper and brass utensils established in the year 1841. The young Habib joined as an apprentice for six months without remuneration and his first pay was Rs5 per month only. The conscientious Habib worked day and night arriving before the opening of the shop and going home walking late at night to save bus and tram fare, unmindful of what he was paid, always doing something for nothing and following his uncle's advice of faithfulness, honesty, integrity and hard work. By the time he was 18, he became a partner in the firm of KhojaMithabhaiNathoo and the president of the Copper and Brass Merchant Association.
Early success by God's grace gave him tremendous encouragement. He soon established his relationship with big and lucrative customers in Bombay, Karachi, Madras, Calcutta and Rangoon, and established two more shops in the bazaar and built several factories for manufacturing utensils.
Having captured over 60 per cent of the local utensil business, he concentrated on export and in addition to copper and brass utensils he got into iron scrap, manganese ore and cotton which he exported to East Africa, Italy, France, Great Britain and other European countries. He was so successful in iron scrap that he entered the ship breaking business and dismantled many ships, including S.S. Lindula, S.S. Paris and H.H. Highflier, a battle-ship.
Being a person of tremendous foresight, he sent his representative to Europe in 1912 and followed that up by establishing branch offices in Genoa and Vienna. Simultaneously, he began business relationship with Japan and China importing hosiery, yarn, glassware and cutlery and exporting cotton.
The young Habib's reputation for honesty and fair play was so well known that his customers and local merchants in the market would leave their surplus funds with Habib for safe keeping and investment, thus the foundation of merchant banking was established for "House of Habib".
He started the firm "Habib& Sons" in 1921 and changed the family name to "Habib". His four sons namely Ahmed Habib, DawoodHabib, Mohammed Ali Habib and Ghulam Ali Habib joined him in the business. The firm expanded rapidly – banking remaining a core business.
At the age of 35 he commanded a worldwide organization and was ready to deal in anything that was legitimate and remunerative.
HabibEsmail died at a relatively young age of 53. He was an exceptional man. A firm believer in God with a conviction that one's prosperity should be shared with the less fortunate, which made his charitable.
His golden rules were: faithfulness, honesty, hard work, courage, humility, generosity and charity. He was able to instill these traditions in his sons and it is significant that these values continue to be followed by Habib's grandsons and great grandsons to this date.
HabibEsmail was successful in inculcating the highest qualities of head and heart in his children. His code of conduct became the motivating force in their lives. Among his sons, Mr. MohammedaliHabib showed exceptional qualities of leadership and vision. In India of late 30's, when the independence movement gathered momentum, the Muslim League, led by Quaid-e-AzamMohammedali Jinnah began to promote the cause of a separate state for Muslims.
The Habibs were close family friends of MohammedaliJinnah, and soon after the Declaration of Lahore in 1940, demanding an independent Pakistan, MohammedaliHabib, with the full support of his brothers, particularly DawoodHabib, established the Habib Bank Limited in August 1941, as a Public Limited Company with a paid up capital of Rs2.5 million. In this way, he formalized the Habib merchant banking activities, paid tribute to the memory of their much loved father and created a landmark for the Muslims of India.
The Bank was organized from the very beginning on the principles of British banking tradition, with the main difference that the young and forceful MohammedaliHabib broke away from the dogma. It is said that when a British banker visiting Habib Bank Limited remarked on the absence of imposing leather bound ledgers, Mohammedali said "What is important is not the shape and size of the books but their contents".
The Bank filled a vacuum in banking in the subcontinent, playing a pivotal role of bringing the banking habit to the middle class masses in general and Muslims in particular. To open 34 branches in 5 years was to change the very pattern of branch banking in undivided India, where local banks preferred to restrict their activities to the province of their incorporation. It was all the more remarkable that this happened during and immediately after the Second World War and in the uncertain conditions of the pre-partition period.


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Cordia est un genre d'arbustes et d'arbres de la famille des Cordiaceae selon la  (anciennement inclus dans les Boraginaceae). Environ  ont été identifiées dans le monde entier, principalement dans les régions  chaudes.

Beaucoup de Cordias ont des fleurs odorantes voyantes et sont très prisées dans les jardins, même s'ils ne sont pas particulièrement rustiques. Comme la plupart des Boraginaceae, la plupart ont des feuilles poilues.

À la suite d'études de biologie moléculaire, environ 100 espèces du genre Cordia, originaires des Amériques tropicales et tempérées chaudes (de l'Arizona à l'Argentine), ont été réattribuées au genre Varronia P. Browne.

Étymologie
Le nom de Cordia a été attribué par Carl von Linné en l'honneur du médecin et botaniste allemand Valerius Cordus.

Utilisation
Certaines espèces sont utilisées comme nourriture par les larves de certains lépidoptères, comme  Endoclita malabaricus et deux Bucculatricidae se nourrissent uniquement de Cordia: Bucculatrix caribbea et Bucculatrix cordiaella.

Un certain nombre d'espèces tropicales ont des fruits comestibles, connus sous une grande variété de noms anglophones: clammy cherries, glue berries, sebesten ou snotty gobbles. En Inde, les fruits des espèces locales sont utilisés comme légumes, crus, cuits ou marinés, et sont connus sous plusieurs noms dont lasora en hindi. Une de ces espèces, Cordia dichotoma  est appelée Gunda ou Tenti dela  en hindi et lasura en népalais. Son fruit est appelé phoa-po-chi (破布子), 樹子仔, ou 樹子 à Taiwan où il est mangé mariné.

Cordia elaeagnoidea est utilisé pour la fabrication d'instruments à vent de la famille des bois.

Liste des espèces

Selon The Plant List :

Espèces valides

Cordia aberrans I.M.Johnst.
Cordia acunae (Moldenke) Alain
Cordia acuta Pittier
Cordia acutifolia Fresen.
Cordia affinis Fresen.
Cordia africana Lam.
Cordia alba (Jacq.) Roem. & Oken
Cordia allartii Killip
Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.)
Cordia ambigua Schltdl. & Cham.
Cordia americana (L.) Gottschling &
Cordia anabaptista Cham.
Cordia andersonii Gürke
Cordia andreana Estrada
Cordia anisodonta Urb.
Cordia anisophylla J.S.Mill.
Cordia appendiculata Greenm.
Cordia araripensis Rizzini
Cordia areolata Urb.
Cordia aristeguietae G.Agostini
Cordia aspera G.Forst.
Cordia aurantiaca Baker
Cordia axillaris I.M.Johnst.
Cordia badeava Urb. & Ekman
Cordia bahamensis (Millsp.) Urb.
Cordia balanocarpa Brenan
Cordia bantamensis Blume
Cordia baracoensis Urb.
Cordia barahonensis Urb.
Cordia barbata Estrada
Cordia bellonis Urb.
Cordia bequaertii De Wild.
Cordia bicolor A.DC.
Cordia bifurcata Roem. & Schult.
Cordia blancoi S.Vidal
Cordia bogotensis Benth.
Cordia boissieri A.DC.
Cordia bombardensis Urb. & Ekman
Cordia bonplandii Roem. & Schult.
Cordia bordasii Schinini
Cordia borinquensis Urb.
Cordia braceliniae I.M.Johnst.
Cordia brachytricha Fresen.
Cordia brasiliensis (I.M.Johnst.) Gottschling & J.S.Mill.
Cordia bridgesii (Friesen) I.M.Johnst.
Cordia brittonii (Millsp.) J.F.Macbr.
Cordia brownei (Friesen) I.M.Johnst.
Cordia brunnea Kurz
Cordia buddleoides Rusby
Cordia bullata (L.) Roem. &
Cordia bullulata Killip ex Estrada
Cordia buxifolia Juss. ex Poir.
Cordia cabanayensis Gaviria
Cordia caffra Sond.
Cordia calcicola Urb.
Cordia calocephala Cham.
Cordia calocoma Miq.
Cordia campestris Warm.
Cordia candidula (Miers) I.M.Johnst.
Cordia caput-medusae Taub.
Cordia cardenasiana J.S.Mill.
Cordia chabrensis Urb. & Ekman
Cordia chaetodonta Melch.
Cordia chamissoniana G.Don
Cordia cicatricosa L.O.Williams
Cordia cinerascens A.DC.
Cordia clarendonensis (Britton) Stearn
Cordia clarkei Brace ex Prain
Cordia claviceps Urb. & Ekman
Cordia cochinchinensis Gagnep.
Cordia colimensis I.M.Johnst.
Cordia collococca L.
Cordia colombiana Killip
Cordia coloradiphila Gilli
Cordia copulata Poir.
Cordia corallicola Urb.
Cordia corchorifolia A.DC.
Cordia cordiformis I.M.Johnst.
Cordia coriacea Killip
Cordia correae J.S.Mill.
Cordia crassifolia Killip
Cordia cremersii Feuillet
Cordia crenata Delile
Cordia crenatifolia Rizzini
Cordia crispiflora A.DC.
Cordia croatii J.S.Mill.
Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Roem.
Cordia curbeloi Alain
Cordia cylindrostachya (Ruiz & Pav.)   Schult.
Cordia cymosa (Donn.Sm.) Standl.
Cordia dardanoi Taroda
Cordia decandra Hook. & Arn.
Cordia decipiens I.M.Johnst.
Cordia dependens Urb. & Ekman
Cordia dewevrei De Wild. &
Cordia dichotoma G.Forst.
Cordia diffusa K.C.Jacob
Cordia dillenii Spreng.
Cordia discolor Cham.
Cordia diversifolia Pav. ex A.DC.
Cordia dodecandra A.DC.
Cordia dodecandria Sessé & Moc.
Cordia domestica Roth
Cordia domingensis Lam.
Cordia duartei Borhidi & O.Muñiz
Cordia dubiosa Blume
Cordia dumosa Alain
Cordia dusenii Gürke
Cordia dwyeri Nowicke
Cordia ecalyculata Vell.
Cordia eggersii K.Krause
Cordia elaeagnoides A.DC.
Cordia ellenbeckii Gürke ex Vaupel
Cordia elliptica Sw.
Cordia ensifolia Urb.
Cordia eriostigma Pittier
Cordia erythrococca Griseb.
Cordia exaltata Lam.
Cordia exarata Urb.
Cordia expansa Lingelsh.
Cordia fallax I.M.Johnst.
Cordia fanchoniae Feuillet
Cordia fasciata Leonard & Alain
Cordia fasciculata Urb. & Ekman
Cordia faulknerae Verdc.
Cordia fischeri Gürke
Cordia fissistyla Vollesen
Cordia fitchii Urb.
Cordia flava (Andersson) Gürke
Cordia foliosa M.Martens & Galeotti
Cordia fragrantissima Kurz
Cordia fuertesii Estrada
Cordia fulva I.M.Johnst.
Cordia furcans I.M.Johnst.
Cordia galapagensis Gürke
Cordia galeottiana A.Rich.
Cordia gardneri I.M.Johnst.
Cordia gentryi J.S.Mill.
Cordia gerascanthus L.
Cordia gibberosa Urb. & Ekman
Cordia gilletii De Wild.
Cordia glabrata (Mart.) A.DC.
Cordia glandulosa Fresen.
Cordia glazioviana (Taub.) Gottschling &
Cordia globifera W.W.Sm.
Cordia globulifera I.M.Johnst.
Cordia goeldiana Huber
Cordia goetzei Gürke
Cordia gracilipes I.M.Johnst.
Cordia grandicalyx Oberm.
Cordia grandiflora (Desv.) Kunth
Cordia grandis Roxb.
Cordia greggii Torr.
Cordia grisebachii Urb.
Cordia guacharaca Gaviria
Cordia guanacastensis Standl.
Cordia guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.
Cordia guerkeana Loes.
Cordia guineensis Thonn.
Cordia haitiensis Urb.
Cordia harara Beck
Cordia harleyi Taroda
Cordia harrisii Urb.
Cordia hartwissiana Regel
Cordia hatschbachii J.S.Mill.
Cordia heccaidecandra Loes.
Cordia heterophylla Roem. & Schult.
Cordia holguinensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz
Cordia hookeriana Gürke
Cordia iberica Urb.
Cordia ignea Urb. & Ekman
Cordia iguaguana Melch. ex I.M.Johnst.
Cordia igualensis Bartlett
Cordia inermis (Mill.) I.M.Johnst.
Cordia insignis Cham.
Cordia integrifolia (Desv.) Roem. &
Cordia intermedia Fresen.
Cordia intonsa I.M.Johnst.
Cordia intricata C.Wright
Cordia jamaicensis I.M.Johnst.
Cordia jeremiensis Urb. & Ekman
Cordia kingstoniana J.S.Mill.
Cordia koemariae J.S.Mill.
Cordia krauseana Killip
Cordia laevifrons I.M.Johnst.
Cordia laevigata Lam.
Cordia laevior I.M.Johnst.
Cordia lamprophylla Urb.
Cordia lanceolata (Desv.) Kunth
Cordia lantanoides Spreng.
Cordia lasiocalyx Pittier
Cordia lasseri G.Agostini ex Gaviria
Cordia latiloba I.M.Johnst.
Cordia lauta I.M.Johnst.
Cordia lenis Alain
Cordia leonis (Britton & P.Wilson)
Cordia leptoclada Urb. & Britton
Cordia leslieae J.S.Mill.
Cordia leucocalyx Fresen.
Cordia leucocephala Moric.
Cordia leucocoma Miq.
Cordia leucomalla Taub.
Cordia leucomalloides Taroda
Cordia leucophlyctis Hook.f.
Cordia leucosebestera Griseb.
Cordia liesneri J.S.Mill.
Cordia lima (Desv.) Roem. &
Cordia limicola Brandegee
Cordia linearicalycina Killip ex Estrada
Cordia lippioides I.M.Johnst.
Cordia llanense Killip ex Estrada
Cordia lomatoloba I.M.Johnst.
Cordia longiflora Colla
Cordia longifolia A.DC.
Cordia longipedunculata (Britton & P.Wilson)
Cordia longipetiolata Warfa
Cordia longituba Chodat & Vischer
Cordia lowryana J.S.Mill.
Cordia lucayana (Millsp.) J.F.Macbr.
Cordia lucidula I.M.Johnst.
Cordia lutea Lam.
Cordia macleodii Hook.f. & Thomson
Cordia macrantha Chodat
Cordia macrocephala (Desv.) Kunth
Cordia macrodonta Killip
Cordia macrophylla L.
Cordia macuirensis Dugand & I.M.Johnst.
Cordia macvaughii J.S.Mill.
Cordia magnoliifolia Cham.
Cordia mairei Humbert
Cordia mandimbana E.S.Martins
Cordia marioniae Feuillet
Cordia martinicensis (Jacq.) Roem. &
Cordia mayoi Taroda
Cordia megalantha S.F.Blake
Cordia membranacea A.DC.
Cordia meridensis Gaviria
Cordia mexiana I.M.Johnst.
Cordia mhaya Kerr
Cordia micayensis Killip
Cordia micronesica Kaneh. & Hatus.
Cordia microsebestena Loes.
Cordia millenii Baker
Cordia mirabiliflora A.DC.
Cordia mirabiloides (Jacq.) Roem. &
Cordia moaensis (Moldenke) Alain
Cordia mollissima Killip
Cordia moluccana Roxb.
Cordia molundensis Mildbr.
Cordia monoica Roxb.
Cordia morelosana Standl.
Cordia mukuensis Taton
Cordia multicapitata Britton ex Rusby
Cordia multispicata Cham.
Cordia munda I.M.Johnst.
Cordia myxa L.
Cordia naidophila I.M.Johnst.
Cordia nashii Urb. & Britton
Cordia nelsonii I.M.Johnst.
Cordia neowediana A.DC.
Cordia nervosa Lam.
Cordia nesophila I.M.Johnst.
Cordia nettoana Taub.
Cordia nevillii Alston
Cordia nipensis Urb. & Ekman
Cordia nivea Fresen.
Cordia nodosa Lam.
Cordia oaxacana A.DC.
Cordia oblongifolia Thwaites
Cordia obovata Balf.f.
Cordia obtusa Balf.f.
Cordia ochnacea A.DC.
Cordia octandra A.DC.
Cordia oligodonta Urb.
Cordia olitoria Blanco
Cordia oliverii (Britton) Gottschling &
Cordia oncocalyx Allemão
Cordia ovalis R. Br.
Cordia panamensis L.Riley
Cordia panicularis Rudge
Cordia parvifolia A.DC.
Cordia paucidentata Fresen.
Cordia pedunculosa Griseb.
Cordia perbella Mildbr.
Cordia perrottetii Wight
Cordia perroyana Urb. & Ekman
Cordia peruviana Roem. & Schult.
Cordia peteri Verdc.
Cordia picardae Urb.
Cordia pilosa M.Stapf & Taroda
Cordia pilosissima Baker
Cordia platyphylla Steud.
Cordia platystachya Killip ex Estrada
Cordia platythyrsa Baker
Cordia podocephala Torr.
Cordia poliophylla Fresen.
Cordia polycephala (Lam.) I.M.Johnst.
Cordia polystachya Kunth
Cordia porcata Nowicke
Cordia propinqua Merr.
Cordia protracta I.M.Johnst.
Cordia prunifolia I.M.Johnst.
Cordia pulchra Millsp.
Cordia pulverulenta (Urb.) Alain
Cordia ramirezii Estrada
Cordia resinosa Estrada
Cordia revoluta Hook.f.
Cordia rhombifolia Estrada
Cordia rickseckeri Millsp.
Cordia ripicola I.M.Johnst.
Cordia rogersii Hutch.
Cordia roraimae I.M.Johnst.
Cordia rosei Killip
Cordia rotata Moc. ex A.DC.
Cordia rubescens Estrada
Cordia rufescens A.DC.
Cordia rupicola Urb.
Cordia rusbyi Britton ex Rusby
Cordia saccellia Gottschling & J.S.Mill.
Cordia sagotii I.M.Johnst.
Cordia salvadorensis Standl.
Cordia salviifolia Juss. ex Poir.
Cordia sangrinaria Gaviria
Cordia sauvallei Urb.
Cordia scaberrima Kunth
Cordia scabra Desf.
Cordia scabrifolia A.DC.
Cordia schatziana J.S.Mill.
Cordia schomburgkii A.DC.
Cordia schottiana Fresen.
Cordia scouleri Hook.f.
Cordia sebestena L.
Cordia seleriana Fernald
Cordia selleana Urb.
Cordia sellowiana Cham.
Cordia senegalensis Juss. ex Poir.
Cordia sericicalyx A.DC.
Cordia serratifolia Kunth
Cordia sessilifolia Cham.
Cordia setigera I.M.Johnst.
Cordia setulosa Alain
Cordia shaferi (Britton) Alain
Cordia silvestris Fresen.
Cordia sinensis Lam.
Cordia sipapoi Gaviria
Cordia skutchii I.M.Johnst.
Cordia somaliensis Baker
Cordia sonorae N.E.Rose
Cordia spinescens L.
Cordia splendida Diels
Cordia sprucei Mez
Cordia stellata Greenm.
Cordia stellifera I.M.Johnst.
Cordia stenoclada I.M.Johnst.
Cordia stenoloba Gürke
Cordia stenophylla Alain
Cordia stenostachya Killip ex Gaviria
Cordia steyermarkii Gaviria
Cordia striata Fresen.
Cordia strigosa Spreng.
Cordia stuhlmannii Gürke
Cordia subcordata Lam.
Cordia subdentata Miq.
Cordia subtruncata Rusby
Cordia suckertii Chiov.
Cordia suffruticosa Borhidi
Cordia sulcata A.DC.
Cordia superba Cham.
Cordia tacarcunensis J.S.Mill.
Cordia taguahyensis Vell.
Cordia tetrandra Aubl.
Cordia thaisiana G.Agostini
Cordia tinifolia Willd. ex Roem.
Cordia toaensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz
Cordia tomentosa (Lam.) Schult.
Cordia toqueve Aubl.
Cordia torrei E.S.Martins
Cordia tortuensis Urb. & Ekman
Cordia trachyphylla Mart.
Cordia triangularis Urb.
Cordia trichoclada A.DC.
Cordia trichocladophylla Verdc.
Cordia trichostemon A.DC.
Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arráb. ex
Cordia troyana Urb.
Cordia truncata Fresen.
Cordia truncatifolia Bartlett
Cordia ucayaliensis (I.M.Johnst.) I.M.Johnst.
Cordia ulei I.M.Johnst.
Cordia umbellifera Killip ex G.Agostini
Cordia uncinulata De Wild.
Cordia utermarkiana Borhidi
Cordia valenzuelana A.Rich.
Cordia vanhermannii Alain
Cordia vargasii I.M.Johnst.
Cordia varronifolia I.M.Johnst.
Cordia venosa Hemsl.
Cordia vestita (A.DC.) Hook.f. &
Cordia vignei Hutch. & Dalziel
Cordia wagnerorum R.A.Howard
Cordia watsonii N.E.Rose
Cordia weddellii I.M.Johnst.
Cordia williamsii G.Agostini ex Gaviria
Cordia wurdackiana Feuillet
Cordia yombomba Vaupel

Noms non résolus

Cordia alnifolia Hornem.
Cordia ayacuchensis Killip
Cordia berteroi Spreng. ex Griseb.
Cordia bilsensis J.S. Mill.
Cordia candida Vell.
Cordia caroliniana García-Barr.
Cordia caucana Killip
Cordia caudata Killip
Cordia chamaedryoides Roem. & Schult.
Cordia chamissoniana Steud.
Cordia chlophylla Vahl
Cordia chrysocarpa Baker
Cordia clarkiana J.S. Mill.
Cordia cornifolia Casar.
Cordia cripicola I.M. Johnst.
Cordia egyptiaca Raf.
Cordia ernesti Vaupel
Cordia estrellensis Glaz.
Cordia fiburcata Roem. & Schult.
Cordia finlaysoniana Wall.
Cordia floribunda (Desv.) Spreng.
Cordia francisci Ten.
Cordia glaziovii (Mez) Taub.
Cordia glomerata Lem.
Cordia gracilens I.M. Johnst.
Cordia humboldtii Willd. ex Roem.
Cordia incognita Gottschling & J.S.Mill.
Cordia ipomoeifolia Hook.
Cordia irvingii Baker
Cordia killipii García-Barr.
Cordia klugii Killip
Cordia latora Buch.-Ham. ex Royle
Cordia laurifolia Killip
Cordia limecola Brandegee
Cordia lineaticalyx Killip
Cordia llanorum Killip
Cordia macrostachya (Ruiz & Pav.)
Cordia macrothyrsa A.Chev.
Cordia manabiensis Killip
Cordia mariquentensis Kunth
Cordia martinicensis Sieber ex Griseb.
Cordia meziana Gürke
Cordia microcephala Willd. ex Roem.
Cordia mollucana Roxb.
Cordia munneco Kunth
Cordia nitida Willd. ex Roem.
Cordia oblongifolia Hochst. ex A.DC.
Cordia occidentalis Killip
Cordia odorata Gürke
Cordia palmeri Rose
Cordia paniculata Sieber ex C.Presl
Cordia perrottetii A.DC.
Cordia pollita Willd.
Cordia populifolia Baker
Cordia portoricensis Spreng.
Cordia purpurascens DC.
Cordia reflexa Willd. ex Roem.
Cordia rudis Casar.
Cordia rusbyi Chodat
Cordia salviifolia Kunth
Cordia scayliensis I.M. Johnst.
Cordia serrata Juss. ex Poir.
Cordia serrata Gürke
Cordia serrulata Ruiz & Pav.
Cordia speciosa Salisb.
Cordia spectabilis Steud.
Cordia subserrata K.Krause
Cordia syringifolia (Baker) G.Piep.
Cordia tarmensis K.Krause
Cordia tisserantii Aubrév.
Cordia ubanghensis A. Chev.
Cordia venosa Killip
Cordia villosa Spreng.
Cordia virescens Sessé & Moc.
Cordia vulgaris Casar.
Cordia weberbaueri Killip

 Liste complète

Notes et références

Liens externes

Boraginaceae
Cordiaceae
Genre d'Angiospermes (nom scientifique)

ml:നറുവരി
zh:破布子

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Confirmed: UK to publish key Brexit papers this week
"We've been crystal clear that issues around our withdrawal and our future partnership are inextricably linked, and the negotiations so far have reinforced that view", a source in Britain's Brexit department said.
Hammond had previously angered pro-Brexit colleagues and some voters by raising the prospect of an exit deal that saw little immediate change on issues such as immigration when Britain leaves in March 2019, and which could last until 2022.
Among the first to be published will be three papers that lay ground for the next round of negotiations in Brussels at the end of August, including one that sets out the U.K.'s plan for the post-Brexit border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
Brexit Secretary David Davis is to hold a third round of talks with the EU's chief negotiator, Michel Barnier, in Brussels at the end of the month.
"These papers show we are ready to broaden out the negotiations", the source said.
Mr Barnier has maintained that negotiators must make progress on the rights of European Union and British citizens, the border with Ireland and Britain's exit payment before discussing a trade deal, while the prime minister Theresa May wants an accord before leaving.
Among the details is one covering the hard issue of the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland once Britain leaves the EU.
Britain will also offer to track goods being moved in vehicles across the Irish border with CCTV cameras and automated number plate technology as part of a light touch customs regime.
The report, which cited an unnamed source in the Brexit department, said that Irish citizens would be able to work freely in the United Kingdom, and British citizens would work freely in Ireland.
A second batch of papers, to be released in the run-up to the October meeting of the European Council in Brussels, will look at "future partnership" arrangements between the United Kingdom and the EU, including the UK's proposals for a new customs arrangement with the bloc.
The UK is now due to leave the European Union at the end of March 2019 after almost 52 percent of Britons opted to leave the bloc during the European Union referendum in June previous year. The first will be a proposal for new customs arrangements.
"That means businesses need to have confidence that there will not be a cliff-edge when we leave the European Union in just over 20 months' time", they wrote.
Writing in the Observer newspaper Miliband, foreign minister under a Labour government between 2007 and 2010, called Brexit an "unparalleled act of economic self-harm" and said there should be another public vote once the final terms of Britain's exit are known.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Japanese-American Internment Survivors and Descendants Speak Out
The Memory Keepers
For survivors of Japanese-American incarceration and their descendants in California, documentation has become resistance.
March 6, 2019 Culture
By Bridget Read
Photographed by Katsu Naito
On February 15, 2019, Donald Trump declared a national emergency at the border between the United States and Mexico. In a press conference from the White House Rose Garden, he used the word invasion seven times, describing human traffickers, drug traffickers, and gang members streaming through the southern border, which needed a new wall.
His announcement came 77 years, almost to the day, after President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, in effect authorizing the incarceration of some 120,000 people of Japanese descent living on the West Coast, for "protection against espionage and against sabotage." Two-thirds of them were American citizens. Many of them had been living in the country for decades, praised for their "work ethic," their contributions to the growth of West. Suddenly they were ordered to pack up their belongings, shutter their businesses, sell their homes and cars; some were given only a few days. They were shipped temporarily to "assembly centers," then to "relocation centers," where many lived for up to four years in barrack-like camps on old ranches, racetracks, and fairgrounds. It was the culmination of a long history of racist, restrictive immigration policies and surveillance of the Japanese community in America, which had reached a fever pitch after Pearl Harbor.
Nikiko Masumoto, 33, stands behind her grandmother, Carole Yukino Sugimoto Masumoto, 91, on the Masumoto Family Farm in Del Rey, California.
Masumoto grew up on the peach, nectarine, and grape farm, southeast of Fresno, which has been in her family since after her grandparents endured incarceration. "My baa-chan (grandmother) was 13 years old when our family was forced to leave. My jii-chan (grandfather) was 18 years old," she says. They were the children of Japanese farm workers who had immigrated to California. "Like many of the Japanese Americans from the Central Valley, my family was confined at the camp in Gila River, Arizona." Masumoto's grandfather, Takashi "Joe" Masumoto, purchased the 40 acres of land where the farm still operates (now at double that size) in 1948. Masumoto's father, David, who goes by Mas, is a pioneering organic farmer, and became a leader of the nascent California local food movement in the 1980s. As Nikiko takes over the business, she sees these farming practices as a "philosophical stance," and "a brave commitment to the kind of world we want to live in: one in which farming does not do damage to the environment, but instead, helps it to heal, and in the least, does no harm."
Masumoto still works with a shovel belonging to her jii-chan; its tip is broken after decades of use.
"I think about the strength he must have had to survive through unjust incarceration," Nikiko says. Her grandfather was drafted into the military while incarcerated; his brother died in the war. "Losing your oldest brother while fighting a war in Europe—while knowing your family was imprisoned—and then choosing to make a life loving the land and feeding America . . . I cannot forget that my family was not wanted." It was important to Masumoto to be photographed with Carole, who worked on the farm alongside Takashi; Masumoto's maternal grandmother, who came from a family of dairy farmers in Wisconsin, also worked the land. "In my grandparents' generation, many of the women were not counted as farmers in census data . . . . My grandmothers' labor here was literally erased, even though their sweat made our lives possible just as much as my male relatives and ancestors." As a female farmer of mixed heritage, Masumoto, who has a B.A. in Gender and Women's Studies from UC Berkeley and an M.F.A. from UT Austin, is a singular figure in the Central Valley among owners. "Feminist practice and farming are inextricably linked for me," she says.
Carole's dog plays in front of the farmhouse where Mas and Nikiko's mother, Marcy, live.
Racism was not the sole incentive for Executive Order 9066—there were economic motivations as well. Despite race-based barriers to land ownership in the Central Valley, Japanese farmers had found success where many white farmers hadn't, with their labor intensive, high-yield methods. Soon Japanese American–run farms in California alone produced 9 percent of America's truck crops. When all of these families were incarcerated, many of their businesses were sold off, or left to ruin; the government had listened to corporate agribusiness interests that wanted less competition. "That loss is almost incomprehensible . . . . In the wake of this history," says Nikiko, "the few remaining Japanese-American farms now become that much more important as sites of healing and resistance."
All of California was declared to be inside the military "exclusion zone" in the executive order, which meant that every first-generation Japanese (issei) and second-generation Japanese-American (nisei) resident faced "relocation." Today, it is difficult for many to imagine that House Speaker and Trump foe Nancy Pelosi's adopted home state would have rallied in support of incarceration (a Los Angeles Times editorial argued at the time that "a viper is nonetheless a viper wherever the egg is hatched.") But for survivors and their descendants, the trauma of incarceration remains in pockmarks of destruction and loss up and down the Golden State coast—dispersed families, severed community networks, former sites of internment. Still, Japanese heritage thrives in these communities, where remembrance is made official every February. Photographer Katsu Naito, a Japanese native who immigrated to New York City in 1983, set out to capture a diverse group of these nikkei living in the Bay Area and Central Valley for Vogue a few weeks before this year's Day of Remembrance, on February 19.
"I know the story of my grandfather's internment through the women in my family," says Sita Bhaumik, an artist, writer, and educator based in Oakland, whom Naito photographed in her kitchen. As emotional stewards in their families, mothers, grandmothers, and daughters in particular have traditionally carried the weight of cultural memory. These women are artists, creatives, writers, educators, activists, nurses. One was born in incarceration; one was a teenager; many of them are sansei and yonsei, the grandchildren and great-grandchildren of incarcerated parents and grandparents. For many in this younger generation, remembering and healing is part of larger feminist and anti-colonialist political work. Two of them now helm their family farms, part of a tradition of Japanese agriculture in the Central Valley that was hugely disrupted by incarceration. Six of them are docents at Wakamatsu, a tea and silk colony outside Sacramento that contains the gravesite of the first known Japanese woman buried on American soil.
(Left) Sita Kuratomi Bhaumik, 37, in her kitchen in Oakland, California. (Right) Bhaumik's cupboards are full of homemade umeshu (a Japanese liqueur made from the plum-like ume fruit) and umeboshi (fermented, sweet and sour ume).
Between 1941 and 1948, the U.S. deported and incarcerated more than 2,000 people of Japanese heritage throughout Latin America, taking their passports en route to Department of Justice incarceration sites, and deeming them "illegal aliens" when they arrived. Bhaumik's maternal grandfather had migrated from Japan to Colombia in the 1920s as a farmer. "He was one of five Japanese men incarcerated in a repurposed luxury hotel in Fusagasugá, along with 100 other Italian and German immigrants," she says. Bhaumik visited Fusagasugá last year, though it took hours to find the former prison site because "nobody in town knew of the history."
Bhaumik has been inspired by older community members who are connecting their lived experience to the prison system, to the Muslim ban and registry, and the persecution of undocumented peoples. "In order to have collective power, we need to see our struggles as connected," she says. "It does not take much for the needle to turn and to point to a different enemy. We cannot fall into that trap of thinking that we can be complacent because we are no longer seen as a threat."
An array of Bhaumik's kitchen tools, including mortars and pestles, tortilla presses, and a river rock for grinding, reflect her Japanese, Colombian, and Indian heritage.
As a cofounder of the People's Kitchen Collective, Bhaumik uses food to help educate Bay Area residents about the plight of Japanese Americans and Japanese Latin Americans in incarceration. "We need to zoom out and see the connections," Bhaumik says. "As colonial states, Japan and the U.S. have been responsible for unspeakable harm and need to be held accountable. Harm does not happen in isolation. Neither does healing." In 2018, the Collective held a solidarity dinner in remembrance of Executive Order 9066 called "To the Table."
What is shared among the women photographed here is a sense that history is repeating itself with horrific accuracy. (Not to mention that the scar tissue of incarceration grew on top of still-open wounds: The camp at Gila River, in Arizona, was built on indigenous land, over the objections of the Gila River Indian Reservation.) There is an echo of Roosevelt's executive order in Trump's national emergency declaration, both of which seem almost banal on paper; all 9066 did was to exclude certain people from certain places, then empower certain others to "relocate" them, just as Trump's national emergency "diverts funds." Clinical language belies an American predilection for state violence. The familiarity of the word camp is especially insidious; musician Shirley Muramoto says she always believed her mother was talking about a summer camp when remembering her incarceration.
So the act of counter-documentation becomes resistance. "Telling our stories will keep us alive," writes Tani Ikeda, a documentarian who filmed at the deadly Unite the Right rally at Charlottesville, Virginia; at the Women's March on Washington; and at Los Angeles International Airport when Trump's travel ban went into effect. "They will open the heart of this country by breaking it."
(Left) Shirley Muramoto at home in Oakland. (Right) A Japanese camellia, or tsubaki plant, in the Japanese Tea Garden in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco.
Muramoto's mother was a child when she was incarcerated with her family at Tanforan Assembly Center in California, then at Topaz Camp in Utah, and finally at Tule Lake Camp in California. At Topaz, she learned the koto, the Japanese harp, with a teacher who only had one instrument; at Tule Lake, her koto had no strings, "so my grandpa made strings out of reeds, and tuning bridges out of scraps of wood and toothbrush handles," Muramoto says. Practicing traditional arts like the koto "helped internees with the stress and anxiety they were experiencing in camp."
Originally created as a Japanese village for the 1894 California Midwinter International Exposition, the tea garden at Golden Gate Park was cared for personally by landscape architect Makoto Hagiwara, who lived on the five acres with his family. In 1942, his daughter, who inherited the garden, and her family were forced to leave and incarcerated at Topaz Camp. After the war, they were not allowed to return to the garden, nor were they reimbursed for its maintenance. Under its new name of the Oriental Tea Garden, it featured Chinese hostesses in traditional Chinese dress, and all Japanese structures, including the Hagiwara home, were demolished.
Details from Muramoto's archive, including photographs of performers in kabuki theater costumes in incarceration, a handwritten play script with notations, and a letter.
As a college student during the civil rights movement, Muramoto became interested in the history of incarceration. "With all the writings on WWII and the camps, I couldn't find any information on Japanese cultural arts; only western," like swing music, baton twirling, baseball, and basketball. "The narrative which came after the camps was one where Japanese Americans still felt the need to 'prove' they were true and loyal Americans, even though they already were." Muramoto began collecting artifacts and testimonies of Japanese traditional arts in incarceration, many of which can be seen in her 2014 documentary, Hidden Legacy: Japanese Traditional Performing Arts in the WWII Internment Camps. "Right after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the FBI started going to the homes of men who led Japanese organizations. If they found anything remotely Japanese, like letters in Japanese, books, phonograph records of Japanese songs, they suspected them of being spies. Consequently, Japanese Americans started to destroy any items that were Japanese. [Performers and teachers in incarceration] were very brave to continue the cultural arts at a time when doing so could bring suspicion on them," she says. "I felt that their stories needed to be told."
(Left) Peggy Saika, a longtime community activist, organizer, and Asian American movement leader, was born in incarceration in Gila River, Arizona. (Right) Peggy's daughter, Miya Saika Chen, 37.
Miya Saika Chen is now chief of staff for Oakland's first Filipina city councilmember, Nikki Fortunato Bas. Before that, she was a lawyer focusing on tenant's rights, juveniles, and gentrification. "There's a picture of [my mother] as a baby sitting on my baa-chan's lap, surrounded by her four siblings, in front of the horse stall they all lived in together. I love the picture—because my baa-chan looks genuinely happy. It shows the joy that she found in her children and family despite enduring such grotesque injustice," Chen says."My baa-chan worked as a domestic worker cleaning houses, she worked on the line in a peach cannery where she'd come home with hives all over her skin because she was allergic to peaches; when my mom was little, she lived with my aunt when her parents went away to Nevada to work at a dry cleaners owned by another family member. This is the legacy of hardship and injustice that my family has experienced. What's left in me after multiple generations is a deeply ingrained sense of responsibility and inner fire, to fight for a world that is just, safe, healthy, and peaceful for all communities, and especially the poor, immigrants, and people of color."
Tani Ikeda, a filmmaker, director, and activist, pictured at an artist's retreat in La Honda, California.
Ikeda's father, Tom, is the founding executive director of Densho, the Seattle-based nonprofit dedicated to preserving witness accounts and historical documents from Japanese incarceration. Her grandparents and great-grandparents on both sides were incarcerated in Minidoka, Idaho. Ikeda's maternal grandfather was Frank Yamasaki, an outspoken Nisei activist who refused to participate in the draft and was imprisoned at McNeil Island Penitentiary. Ikeda describes him as "a long-haired, radical artist," who, when she was bullied for her Japanese heritage, told her, "The nail that sticks out gets hammered." Ikeda's family history has informed her work on the front lines of social justice throughout the United States; she has filmed footage at the Charlottesville, Virginia rally, at the Women's March on Washington, and made a documentary series called Resist with Black Lives Matter cofounder Patrisse Cullors about the fight against L.A. County's $3.5 billion jail plan. "I've been raised in a tradition of struggle," Ikeda says, "and the art of seeing what does not yet exist."
(Left) Brynn Saito, 37, in her father's garden. (Right) Saito in Fresno, California.
Saito is Korean American and Japanese American. "My Japanese-American grandparents, Alma Teranishi Saito and Mitsuo Saito, were 26- and 21-years-old when they were evacuated from small farming towns in the Central Valley of California and incarcerated in the Gila River Camp, in Arizona," she says. "They met and married while in camp. My aunt, Barbara, was born during the incarceration." She frequently touches on her family history in her work as a poet: "The closer I get to my family's stories of immigration, incarceration, struggle, and survival, the more I understand how history's deep and rushing forces make and remake us and our communities," she says, "and the more I know my role in imagining future worlds." Her father's garden ("40-plus years in the making, and inspired by the gardens of Japan") holds important significance to her to this day: "[It] connects me to the power of rootedness, nourishment, and family. The garden arrives constantly in my poems, and serves as a metaphor for our deep interconnectedness and creativity as humans."
Saito founded the Yonsei Memory Project in the Central Valley with Nikiko Masumoto, which connects yonsei (fourth-generation Japanese Americans) with the experiences of their incarcerated elders through the arts. YMP has begun a mapping project, collecting sites of significance for nikkei in the Central Valley. "Many in our Fresno County community still don't know that our local Fresno Fairgrounds, for instance, became a detention center."
A historical re-creation of a room on the second floor of the Graner House at Wakamatsu Tea & Silk Farm Colony, in Placerville, California.
In 1869, a group of samurai, farmers, craftsmen, and their families (and one single woman, Okei Ito), left Japan and purchased the land in the Gold Hill region outside Sacramento, California, that would become Wakamatsu. They intended to establish a thriving agricultural colony, bringing mulberry trees, tea plants, fruit trees, rice, bamboo, and other crops to plant. The colony only lasted until 1871, when a massive drought struck the region, and the fate of only three colonists is known after the original inhabitants of Wakamatsu dispersed, some to Japan. One is Okei Ito, who remained in the employ of the family who moved onto the land and who is buried on the farm. Now part of a conservancy trust, Wakamatsu hosts organic farming and nurseries, and serves as both a gathering place for nikkei in the region and a reminder of Japanese-American history before incarceration.
Volunteer docents working at Wakamatsu, many of whom are members of the Sacramento Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.
From top left: Susan Reiko Morioka Bertram, whose parents met and married at Tule Lake; Janice Yamaoka Luszczak, JACL Sacramento president; Satomi Edelhofer, who was born in incarceration; Thaya Craig, who began visiting Wakamatsu with her parents 25 years ago; Marilyn Williamson, a sansei/yonsei who grew up on a plum orchard; and Nora Kadoma Winkler.
Lila Fumiye Sasaki, 88, kneels at the memorial grave site of Okei Ito. The tombstone reads, "In Memory of Okei, Died 1871. Aged 19 years. A Japanese Girl," in English and in Japanese.
Sasaki used to sneak onto Wakamatsu as a child to put flowers on Ito's grave, she told Vogue in a handwritten letter. Her father had immigrated to the U.S. at 16 seeking fortune in the "land of good." Both he and her father-in-law married Japanese women and purchased land under the names of their American-born children, to get around racist land ownership restrictions that barred issei (Japanese immigrants to North America) from owning land. Sasaki grew up in rural Auburn on a fruit orchard. "From 1942 to 1945, I was shut away in 'internment' 'relocation' camps. From home to Tule Lake, California, to Jerome, Arkansas, to Amache, Colorado. These were turbulent times, unconstitutional, humiliating for all," she wrote. Sasaki went on to become a registered nurse with a degree in nursing from Stanford. Her letter ends, "Today, I am a mother with four grown children, a physician, graphic designer, structural engineer, and a salesman. Also the proud grandmother of five grandchildren. And they are all GRAND!"
A 200-year-old oak tree at Wakamatsu, which volunteers call "the Tree of Life."
Robin Koda, 56, holds grains of Kokuho Rose, the heirloom rice created by her grandfather Keisaburo Koda on Koda Farms, in South Dos Palos, California.
"Our farm's founder was our paternal grandfather," says Koda, who now runs operations with her brother, Ross. "Keisaburo Koda immigrated to the U.S. in 1908 . . . . His wife was an issei, as were our maternal grandparents. They, along with their children (our parents' generation), were interned. My paternal side was relocated to Amache in Colorado and my maternal side to Topaz in Utah." Before incarceration, Koda had earned the nickname "Rice King." "The Koda family was prospering by the early 1940s, with their vertically oriented venture producing rice and other crops," Koda says; "Upon learning of their imminent departure, our grandfather sought to shutter the business with the hope of keeping it intact, but the government intervened and mandated they keep the business running (on the context of producing cotton fiber, presumably for the war effort). Obviously, the family couldn't manage the farm from the confines of a Colorado internment camp . . . . Their homes (and homes provided for employees), milling and drying facilities, warehouses, seed planes, all the choice tractors and equipment, substantial livestock, along with thousands of acres were 'lost' through gross mismanagement."
Koda holds stalks of rice at Koda Farms.
In 1988, after a long fight for redress by activists and survivors, Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act into law, in which the government apologized for incarceration, and admitted it was based on "racial prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political leadership." It authorized $20,000 in reparations to each camp survivor, though they had sued for $130 million. According to Robin Koda, Keisaburo filed the largest monetary claim of reparations in the U.S., which was finally settled the year after he died—for a small percentage of what the family was owed. Still, Keisaburo started over—the old derelict headquarters is still visible from its new ones—eventually breeding and refining the special Kokuho Rose medium grain Japanese-style rice. The production is now a labor of love: "By contemporary standards, our rice is considered impractical to farm, given its long maturity and low yield," Koda explains: "At this point, our stubborn commitment to our Kokuho Rose doesn't make cents and dollars, but is an emotional legacy."
Kay Sekimachi, 92, a fiber artist whose most recent work involves making jewelry from twine and found seashells, in her home studio in Berkeley, California.
Sekimachi was interned with her family at Tanforan Assembly Center, in San Bruno, California, and later at Topaz War Relocation Center in Utah from 1942 to 1944, when she was a teenager. While incarcerated, Sekimachi says she got to know Miné Okubo, who "inspired me to become an artist." Okubo was a nisei visual artist who founded art schools at Tanforan and Topaz, and who eventually chronicled her incarceration experience in her 1946 book Citizen 13660. Beyond that, Sekimachi says, "internment has not affected my work."
(Left) A skeletal leaf bowl by Kay Sekimachi; Big Leaf maple leaves, kozo paper, watercolor, laminated with small paper paste, krylon. (Right) Sekimachi making jewelry from beach ephemera.
Using a mix of found materials like shells, nests, and leaves, with fibers like Japanese paper and linen, Sekimachi creates two- and three-dimensional objects. Part of the New Basketry movement of the '60s and '70s, she experimented with nylon microfilament and became known for her delicate, intricate weaving using unconventional material. She travelled to Japan in 1974, where she felt drawn to Japanese aesthetics. "It is important for people to remember the interment so it does not happen again," she told Vogue, but "I am not political, and my work is not an act of resistance."
A tree grove and the Japanese Tea Garden in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco.
Katsu Naito's approach to photographing the women in their homes, businesses, and sanctuaries was inspired by a Japanese saying he likes: "Do not step into someone's heart without taking the shoes off." Nikkei of different generations—those who lived through incarceration and those who heard about it from their elders—take on its legacy in divergent ways. "As a yonsei," Nikiko Masumoto says, "I know that in many of our families, we are the last generation to have a personal relationship with survivors of incarceration."
Special thanks to Anna Levenson, The American River Conservancy, Densho, Jun Harada, Melissa Lobach
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Die Schweizerische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für die Berggebiete (SAB) ist ein Verein mit Sitz in Bern und setzt sich für die Verbesserung der Existenzbedingungen und der Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten der Bevölkerung in den Berggebieten ein. Die SAB arbeitet mit den schweizerischen Berufs- und Wirtschaftsverbänden zusammen, ist konfessionell und parteipolitisch neutral und verfolgt für sich keinen Erwerbszweck. Präsidentin ist
Nationalrätin Christine Bulliard-Marbach.

Geschichte
Die Gründung erfolgte 1943. Die Weltwirtschaftskrise der 1930er Jahre war der Ursprung für Notgemeinschaften der Bergbauern und für Hilfsmassnahmen des Bauernverbandes für die Bergbevölkerung. Wegen mangelnder Koordination blieben die Resultate dieser Bemühungen bescheiden. 1939 wurde eine parlamentarische Gruppe zur Wahrung der Interessen der Bergbevölkerung gegründet und im Berner Oberland und der Innerschweiz beabsichtigte man eine schweizerische Arbeitsgemeinschaft der wirtschaftlichen Organisationen der Bergbauern ins Leben zu rufen. Diese  Arbeitsgemeinschaft befasste sich anfänglich mit rein landwirtschaftliche Anliegen, die sich jedoch bald mit Anliegen anderer Organisationen, wie dem Alpwirtschaftlichen Verein, mischten. Um diese Situation zu entflechten wurde 1942 die Kommission für soziale Arbeit in Berggegenden gegründet, aus der später die Schweizer Berghilfe wurde. Die Gründung des SAB erfolgte unter dem Namen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für die Bergbauern mit einer Zentralstelle zur Wahrung der Interessen der Bergbevölkerung. Zu den landwirtschaftlichen Themen der SAB kam 1964/65 die Förderung eines geordneten Tourismus hinzu. 1988 erhielt die SAB bei der Fusion mit dem Verein für den Schutz der Berggebiete den heutigen Namen.

Mitglieder und Organe
Der Verein hat als Kollektivmitglieder 23 Kantone, rund 700 Berggemeinden, 30 Tourismusregionen, 100 Landwirtschafts- und Gewerbeorganisationen und über 500 Einzelmitglieder. Neben den üblichen Vereinsorganen gibt es einen Rat der Berggebiete, der zuhanden des Vorstands Empfehlungen abgeben kann.

Vereinsziele
Die SAB bezweckt, gemäss Artikel 2 ihrer Statuten, die Verbesserung der Existenzbedingungen und der Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten der Bevölkerung im Berggebiet, insbesondere durch:
Wahrung der wirtschaftlichen, politischen und kulturellen Interessen der Bergbevölkerung gegenüber Bund und Kantonen sowie gegenüber den Trägern der Raumordnung, der Wirtschafts-, Kultur- und Sozialpolitik;
Koordination der verschiedenen lokalen, regionalen, kantonalen, nationalen sowie sektoralen Bestrebungen zur Förderung des Berggebietes sowie Zusammenarbeit mit internationalen Organisationen der Berggebietspolitik;
Information der politischen Entscheidungsträger und der schweizerischen Öffentlichkeit über die Anliegen der Berggebiete;
Förderung der Bildung und Forschung im Berggebiet sowie Studium und Bearbeitung der wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Probleme der Schweiz und der Berggebiete aus der Sicht der Bergbevölkerung.

Tätigkeit
Die SAB stärkt die Berggebiete und ländlichen Räume in der Schweiz durch politische Interessensvertretung, Dienstleistungen für diese Regionen und Information der Öffentlichkeit über deren Anliegen. Politische Erfolge der letzten Jahre waren:
Substanzielle Korrekturen bei der Neuen Regionalpolitik
Verabschiedung der NFA ohne Verschiebungen zu Gunsten der Agglomerationen
Stärkung der Stellung der Berglandwirtschaft in der Agrarpolitik (AP2007 / 2011)
Aufnahme der Breitbandkommunikation in den Grundversorgungsauftrag im Fernmeldebereich als 1. Land in Europa
1,6 Mrd. Fr. zusätzlich für Hauptstrassen im Berggebiet sowie 200 Mio. Fr. zusätzlich für Privatbahnen
Ausarbeitung eines Vorschlages für ein Bundesgesetz über den Tourismus
Verlängerung des Sondersatzes für Beherbergungsleistungen bei der Mehrwertsteuer

Die SAB ist Gründungsmitglied der Euromontana, ständiger Beobachter bei der Alpenkonvention, beteiligt sich am Aufbau von Berggebietsorganisationen im Kaukasus, in Südosteuropa und an verschiedenen Projekten der grenzüberschreitenden Zusammenarbeit in Europa. Zudem ist die SAB Mitglied beim Schweizer Bauernverband.

Finanzierung
Der SAB finanziert sich mit Beiträgen der Kollektiv- und Einzelmitglieder, des Bundes, von Dritten und Gönnern, durch Legate und Schenkungen, durch Verrechnung von Leistungen und durch Kapitalerträge.

Zeitschrift
Die Zeitschrift Montagna der SAB enthält Artikel zu aktuellen Themen sowie eine Analyse der Entwicklungen in den Berggebieten. Sie erscheint dreisprachig (deutsch, französisch, italienisch) zehnmal pro Jahr.

SAB-Preis
Seit 1995 verlieh der SAB jährlich den SAB-Preis für Tätigkeiten oder Projekte, welche zur Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen und Wertschöpfung, Vernetzung der lokalen Akteure, aber auch zur Erhaltung der kulturellen Identität sowie zu einem schonenden Umgang mit den eigenen Ressourcen (Holz, Bauland, Wasser etc.) im Berggebiet beitrugen. Mit den beiden Nebenpreisen wurden einerseits Kultur- und Medienschaffende, andererseits spezielle Produkte geehrt. 2011 wurde der SAB-Preis durch den Prix Montagne ersetzt.

Hauptpreis
 2000 teilen sich die Modellregion Göschenen - Eine Zukunft für Menschen und Berg, das Internationale Wollen-Atelier, Longo maï, Undervelier und die Waadtländer Juraprodukte "Les Saveurs du Jura", Le Sentier den Hauptpreis
 2001 Impulsprogramm Safiental GR
 2002 Wasserweg Albulatal: "ansaina" mentales Wasserkraftwerk
 2003 Istituto Alpino di Fitofarmacologia Olivone: Gesundheit durch Bergkräuter
 2004 Ecomuseum Simplon
 2005 Pro Brontallo: ein kleines Dorf mit grossem Potenzial
 2006 Sattlerei Karlen Törbel: Eine Erfolgsgeschichte
 2007 La Cavagne Troistorrents  - ein Projekt von unternehmerischen Landwirten
 2008 Center Da Capricorns: Eine Plattform für nachhaltige Entwicklung in den Bergregionen
 2009 teilen sich das Reka-Feriendorf Urnäsch (AR) und die geschützte Herkunftsbezeichnung Juraholz (AOC Bois du Jura) den Hauptpreis. Die zwei Nebenpreise gingen an die Alpenfischzucht Lumare im Lugnez (Surselva GR) und die Zeitung Frutigländer, welche im Amtsbezirk Frutigen (BE) erscheint.
 2010 Projekt zur wirtschaftlichen Förderung des Tessiner Walserdorfes Bosco Gurin

Prix Montagne
Seit 2011 organisiert die SAB und die Schweizer Berghilfe einen Wettbewerb mit einem Preis von CHF 40'000. Damit werden Projekte aus dem Schweizer Berggebiet ausgezeichnet, welche vorbildhaft zur Wertschöpfung und Beschäftigung im Berggebiet beigetragen haben. Es sind nur Projekte zugelassen, welche seit mindestens drei Jahren rentabel arbeiten.

Preisgewinner
 2011 Braugerstenanbau der Bündner Produzenten-Genossenschaft Gran Alpin seit 2003 auf über 1000 m.
 2012 Erlebniswelt Muotathal leistet mit ihren Schlittenhunden sanften und naturnahen Tourismus.
 2013 Festival Musikdorf Ernen seit 40 Jahren Treffpunkt von Künstlern und Musikliebhabern aus aller Welt.
 2014 Genossenschaft La Cavagne der Produzenten im Val d'Illiez erfolgreich bei der gemeinsamen Vermarktung ihrer regionalen Produkte.
 2015 Haushaltsservice der Urner Bäuerinnen: Übernimmt Haushaltsarbeiten, betreut Kinder und Betagte und bietet Catering an.
 2016 Gomina: Das Oberwalliser Unternehmen stellt in Niederwald für den internationalen Markt chirurgische Sägen her.
 2017 Wyssen Avalanche Control AG aus Reichenbach im Kandertal für die Hightech zur Lawinensprengung
 2018 «La Conditoria» aus Sedrun schafft viel Wertschöpfung in einer abgelegenen Bergregion
 2019 zeigt das High-Tech-Unternehmen «Geosatis» aus Le Noirmont wie eine Randregion zum Technologiestandort werden kann.

Weblinks
 www.sab.ch
 Netzwerkplattform der Schweizer Berghilfe

Einzelnachweise

Wohlfahrtsorganisation (Schweiz)
Landwirtschaftliche Organisation (Schweiz)
Verein (Bern)
Gegründet 1943


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Each player takes command of one of the major powers, joining either the Axis or the Allies. Players then fight for victory against the opposing faction and a terrifying new foe: zombies.
Browse more Board Game or Hasbro products.


text:
NoQS Minion 4: AIMEI AND THE POEM OF CHEN SUWEN, MG Historical Mystery
Title: AIMEI AND THE POEM OF CHEN SUWEN
Genre: Middle Grade Historical Mystery
Word Count: 65,000 words
My Main Character's Most Stressful Relationship is…
Aimei's most stressful relationship is with her father. The way he acts toward her has changed. It's not just that because now she's older, they're both supposed to be more formal. It's that, from when she was tiny, Father taught her lines from famous poets and the sages, and would laugh when she repeated them perfectly. Now that Aimei's actually studying the Classics, loves her studies and is good at them, he seems displeased. Sometimes he's furious, even frightening, but he won't say why. The times he's the baba she remembers are few and far between, and she misses him so much.
AIMEI AND THE POEM OF CHEN SUWEN, a middle-grade historical mystery set in Nanjing, China, in 1789—the year George Washington was elected President and the French Revolution began.
Twelve-year-old Chen Aimei is devoted to her studies, despite being "only" a girl. Since her parents have no son, Aimei is determined to give them the gift of her scholarship, despite their stated wishes that she stick to traditional feminine pursuits. It's hard to concentrate on her work, though, when most of the family is terrified. Aimei's youngest uncle, in the capital for the Imperial Exams, has offended the Emperor so deeply that an impossibly huge fine has been levied against them—to be paid in just ten days. Failure to pay will mean the imprisonment of Fourth Uncle and the loss of all the family owns, including the estate they have lived on for hundreds of years.
Aimei is sure only she—the only child of the eldest son of the Chen patriarch—can single out the poem of their ancestor, the poet Chen Suwen, that holds the clues to the location of his long-hidden treasure. Grandfather secretly gives Aimei his permission, but only her friend, the maid Holly, brought to the Chens' as an orphan when the girls were small, helps her in her search. Together, Aimei and Holly must decipher the tricky clues, brave the world outside the gates of the estate, and outsmart Aimei's jealous cousins to save the family and regain for Aimei the love and esteem of her father.
First 250 words:
Half a month had passed since Fourth Uncle's disappearance in Beijing. Every member of the Chen household had something to say about it.
Chen Aimei's mother said, "He's failed the Imperial Exams!" and the aunts whispered, "He's offended a powerful family!"
Fourth Uncle's young wife, terrified, said, "He's been murdered!"
But Grandfather said, "He has always been somewhat thoughtless. Let us have patience."
And Father was just angry.
Nobody really knew anything, so Aimei tried to ignore the gossip. She was working on Master Confucius's Doctrine of the Mean in her lessons, and that was really important. Fourth Uncle would come back home to Nanjing when he stopped having a good time.
Aimei's day had begun as usual, another autumn day in October 1789, the ninth month of the forty-sixth year of the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (may he live ten thousand years!).
The moon was still up and the sun still asleep when Aimei woke. She didn't want to waste a single minute of her lesson by being late, so she put on the same faded gold-brown silk skirt and overdress she'd worn the day before and tied her hair up in a topknot. Teacher Zhang wouldn't care, and he was the only person she ever saw this early in the morning.
Aimei left her rooms, calligraphy box in hand, and eagerly headed down the corridor to the door that led directly outside. She stepped out into the cool darkness, onto the open walkway that ran through the garden courtyard.
Caitlen RB October 29, 2016 at 11:13 AM
Shriek! Please send the 50pgs and a synopsis as attachments to crubinobradway@lkgagency.com.
Jennifer March Soloway October 30, 2016 at 6:36 PM
Shriek! Please send the first 50 ages as an attachment to soloway@andreabrownlit.com. Please use REQUESTED: Nightmare on Query Street: AIMEI AND THE POEM OF CHEN SUWEN in the subject line. Looking forward to reading more! Jennifer


Make the most of winter with a fresh coat that's warm and stylish. Toronto is the perfect pairing of fashion and functionality, made from a windproof and water-repellent shell with stretch for a responsive fit, stuffed with insulating high-loft goose down and feather fill and trimmed with leather for a luxurious look. This semi-fitted ladies' puffer is designed to seal in heat, with features including an interior high-neck dickey with a separate zip closure, extra-long storm cuffs to protect the hands and wrists and a plunging deep-V hood that's fully lined with genuine fur that frames the face while feeling super-soft and sumptuous.


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First Listen, Part One: New Releases for October 14
An interesting release week!
Album of the Week:
Artist: Kingsley Flood
Album: Another Other
Quick Description: New album from the local favorites.
Why You Should Listen: Kingsley Flood has near-mastered the indie rock landscape...
Overall Thoughts: ...and if there's any justice, this will be their breakthrough. The band has a collection of songs, some of which we've heard on other EPs, that just flow together really well and show some consistent songwriting chops and, perhaps more importantly, a more robust and consistent sound that hasn't been there for them up to this point. No, there's no "Set Me Off" here, but that's okay - the whole album is a pretty solid achievement and a surprise even for me, who is a genuine fan of this band and who was anticipating a new full length. You owe it to yourself to hop on the bandwagon now before they blow up and become huge.
Recommendation: A must listen this week.
Artist: Swet Shop Boys
Album: Cashmere
Quick Description: Politically-charged rap from a group including Heems of Das Racist.
Why You Should Listen: Even putting the politics aside, there is some great musicianship and rapping here.
Overall Thoughts: Like many, I came to Das Racist because of their more humorous efforts, and Swet Shop Boys, while definitely being more serious in a lot of ways, still has the humor in place. Overall, it creates an album that is good but uneven. "T5" is great, "Zayn Malik" is great, but other songs don't hit the same tones. With that said, Das Racist had a similar issue with their releases, so there's that as well. Overall, a good listen and the best rap-related album out this week...
Recommendation: ...but this might not work for everyone.
Artist: Mike Doughty
Album: The Heart Watches While the Brain Burns
Quick Description: Latest album from the former Soul Coughing lead.
Why You Should Listen: Mike Doughty always has interesting releases.
Overall Thoughts: This is a good album, and maybe the most straightforward of his solo releases in a while. Lead single "I Can't Believe I Found You In That Town" sets a good tone for the album, and the rest of it continues along those same lines. Do I have a complaint? Maybe that I'm so used to Doughty trying on different sounds and ideas that this feels almost too standard in comparison? I'm truly not sure, but this album definitely connects on a musical level.
Recommendation: A highlight of the week.
Artist: Lisa Mitchell
Album: Warriors
Quick Description: Latest album from the Australian pop singer.
Why You Should Listen: Fairly straightforward singer-songwriter pop always deserves a listen.
Overall Thoughts: It's hard to look at this without also looking at JoJo's return album (which we discuss tomorrow). This, especially in comparison, feels vibrant and fresh, without a lot of the dark undertones that a lot of pop music trends toward lately. Lead single "The Boys" gives a good idea as to what's going on with this album, and the result is a pleasant listen that, overall, might lack that standout track that would make it something great, but ends up still being a good album that deserves some attention.
Recommendation: A solid listen.
Artist: Jeff Rosenstock
Album: Worry
Quick Description: Some grunge-tinged indie rock.
Why You Should Listen: Not quite a throwback but not quite modern, it's the most interesting straightforward release this week.
Overall Thoughts: I only snagged this because his former bandmate, Laura Stevenson (a favorite around these parts), had tweeted about it on Friday. The first song, sort of a weird piano track, didn't pique my interest. The following songs, though, were a very fun listen. Sometimes grungy, sometimes straight rock, and always lyrically interesting, there is a ton to love here. This was nearly my album of the week, but I resist only because I really think this is an album that needs to simmer a little and have some time spent with it. I might end up loving it more and more by the time I get to spend some time with it.
Recommendation: Absolutely a must-listen this week.
Artist: Fvnerals
Album: Wounds
Quick Description: Dark shoegazy rock music.
Why You Should Listen: You need something a little heavier to balance this week out.
Overall Thoughts: I loved this, but of course I did. It's dark and heavy (I think I saw one reference to this group as "doomgaze" which is appropriate), and the overall result here is an album that needs to be taken as a whole. The whole, of course, being a pretty interesting and different adventure. If you like Chelsea Wolfe, this might be up your alley.
Recommendation: Won't be for everyone, but I know I liked it.
Artist: Courtney Granger
Album: Beneath Still Waters
Quick Description: Well-structured Americana.
Why You Should Listen: Probably the best musicianship of all the releases this week.
Overall Thoughts: It's sometimes hard to slot an artist like Granger into a certain genre box, because this is both so much more than just basic roots music. Has a classic country feel, but it's so well-structured and enjoyable that you hate to pigeonhole it. If you've missed having some good new Americana in your rotation, absolutely give this one a shot.
Recommendation: A great album this week.
* Kings of Leon - Walls
* Sleaford Mods - TCR (just like their older stuff if you're into that)
Posted by Jeff Raymond at 7:30 AM
Labels: courtney granger, first listen, fvnerals, Jeff Raymond, jeff rosenstock, kingsley flood, lisa mitchell, mike doughty, swet shop boys
Live Shows: Marlon Williams and Julia Jacklin, Gre...
Plastic Flowers - "Falling Off"
First Listen: New Releases for September 30
Vanishing Life - "The Realist"
Chelsea Spear Wants to Busk With Tim Kaine
J Macis Covers Elliott Smith
Orations - "Oh, the Horror"
Friday Freebie: Letters to Cleo - Can't Say and Ot...
First Listen, Part One: New Releases for October 7
You People - "Deliver Me Home"
Wolf People - "Ninth Night"
First Listen, Part Two: More New Releases for Octo...
The Wave Pictures - "Pool Hall"
Stef Chura - "You"
New (and Free!) Dinosaur Jr Tour Documentary
Jack White & Margo Price - "I'm Lonely (But I Ain'...
Kristin Hersh - "Soma Gone Slapstick"
The Claypool Lennon Delirium Covers The Beatles
Le Tigre - "I'm With Her"
Valley Queen - "High Expectations"
Rodney Anonymous (The Dead Milkmen) - "Billy Wants...
J Mascis Covers The Beatles
Salem Wolves Cover Screamin' Jay Hawkins
First Listen: New Releases for October 21
Ragweed - "Rust Box"
Julia Jacklin Covers Big Thief
The If It's Too Loud... 2016 Halloween Playlist
Friday Freebie: Jillian Kay - nothing between us
Lady Lamb - "See You"
Walter Sickert & The Army of Broken Toys - "It's O...


The poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening written by Robert Frost is an emotional discovery where the protagonist had to make a decision whether he should stay at the woods or go home due to his responsibilities back at home. The first stanza has showed the protagonist was on his way home, however stopped in front of the woods and takes a look inside. "Woods" usually seen as a dangerous place especially at night even his horse think it might be strange to be at the woods by saying, "my little horse must think it queer". The horse thinks it is unusual to stop in the middle of the woods "without a farmhouse near". Frost has mentioned the "Frozen Lake" to depict the dark and sadness surrounded the woods. However in the third stanza, the persona portrayed the contrast of the original idea of what's the woods are like as, "Of easy wind and downy flake" and "The woods are lovely, dark, and deep" which makes the protagonist wanted to stay and escape from his responsibility. Towards the end of the poem, the persona is confronted with two choices whether he should stay or go home, "But I have promises to keep" this showed that he still has the responsibilities back at home.


As she prepares to embark on a new journey in the fall, Dean Jennifer Walsh looks back on her legacy at APU and offers advice on students entering the workforce.
Jennifer Walsh, Ph.D., dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, has made many efforts to shape curriculums and impact students' lives since she began her APU career. Walsh came to APU in 2005 as an associate professor teaching history and political science. She will begin a new chapter of her career in Hawaii as an administrator at Hawaii Pacific University later this year.
Before starting at APU, Walsh did her undergraduate studies at the University of California Riverside and completed her masters degree and Ph.D. at Claremont Graduate University. Although she considered herself a sincere Christian during her early years, Walsh said she jumped into schooling without seeking spiritual guidance and her faith did not become real to her until her graduate studies.
As she reflected on the years she spent becoming a political scientist, Walsh said God was gracious to confirm that she was on the right path.
"I know that God's ways are not always my ways, but they're always good," she said.
Although coming to APU did not bring a big change of location, it was her first exposure to Christian higher education.
"I'm a Southern California native. I was really excited to jump into an institution that aligned faith and work and allowed me to harmonize those two pieces," she said.
Over the course of her APU career, Walsh has taught ten different courses with expertise in American government and public law allowing her to develop upper-division courses and programs that did not exist previously. Her favorite activity was to take students on field trips to immerse them in the professional world and encourage them to get involved no matter where they call home.
Although she doesn't have as much time to teach as an administrator, Walsh said she tries to teach at least one course a year. She has worked hard as dean in a plethora of areas, including the recent opening of the Center for Public Affairs that will change the way undergraduate and graduate students can engage in public service.
Walsh has completed several academic publications over her career. Her favorite is the "Three Strikes Laws" book, a collection of research she did in regards to the Three Strikes sentencing laws implemented in 1994.
"While I'm not a criminologist, I really am fascinated by how we the people decide what's an appropriate punishment for criminal activity," Walsh said.
Her book is a reflection of her work with district attorneys' offices in both Los Angeles and San Diego, a state-wide survey that she facilitated and interviews with judges.
As a result of her book's success, Walsh was called as an expert witness in New Zealand and helped to reshape their legislation when the country was proposing a similar law.
"There were some features of the law that I knew would be problematic based upon what had happened here in California and recommended some corrections that they actually adopted," Walsh said.
After 15 years at APU, Walsh will leave the university to take over as provost and senior vice president at Hawaii Pacific University. Since both universities are in the same division, Walsh said she looks forward to seeing some cougars from time to time. As provost and senior vice president, she will expand her administrative role including oversight of areas that are not directly aligned with liberal arts and sciences.
As her upcoming move is a prompting of her own spirit, Walsh uses God's work in her life as a testimony offering advice to students who have career options and tough choices on the horizon.
Walsh will finish off the academic year at APU before moving to Hawaii this summer.
Channing is earning a B.A in Journalism with a news & storytelling concentration. He is from Scottsdale, AZ and continues to spend some of his time there. Throughout his academic and freelance work, Channing has reporting, writing, and weather forecasting experience. In addition to his love for the news, Channing shares a deep interest in the arts. His hobbies include singing, acting, dancing, cooking, and hanging out with friends. Feel free to connect with Channing at cblack16@apu.edu.


PADDY McCOURT would love to be the darling of the Celtic fans at Ibrox again on Saturday and blast off the bench as Gordon Strachan's Old Firm supersub.
Tonight McCourt will try and impress Northern Ireland gaffer Nigel Worthington when he lines up for his country against Scotland in a B game at Broadwood.
And at the weekend the 24-year-old Parkhead cult hero is desperate to be given a chance to feature for the Hoops in the mouth-watering SPL derby clash with Rangers.
McCourt's season for club and country has been stop-start because of injury, but despite fleeting top-team appearances the tricky striker has emerged as a favourite of the Bhoys support.
Last week he was outstanding as Celtic Reserves clinched the SPL Reserve title at Ibrox with a 1-0 win and had fans chanting his name throughout the 90 minutes.
If he gets the chance on Saturday, it will be from the bench, but McCourt has enough faith in his ability to believe that he can again make a difference at the home of Rangers if required.
McCourt admitted: "I feel good at the minute and it's nice to be back involved with Northern Ireland and around the first team at Celtic.
"I missed three months of the season with injury and had to withdraw from the last national squad, but I'm looking to the future.
"If I can play in this B game and a couple of games for Celtic before the end of the season then great, but if not I'll keep working and try to kick on for next season.
"It's a boost for me to see the fans turn out like they did for the reserve game last week at Ibrox and sing my name.
"Now I'm keen to break into the first team and put in the sort of performances I've been coming up with in the reserves.
"I hope I can come on and make an impact.
"I'm the type of player that the fans like to see. I beat players and create chances and fans like that.
"Being Irish as well helps with the Celtic connection.
"But I'd love to get more time on the pitch and really give them something to shout about.
"When you become a footballer, you want to play at the highest level and at the minute there's nothing higher than going into the last few games with just one point between the Old Firm.
"To get a chance at Ibrox would be unbelieveable. Hopefully the boss will put his trust in me and give me a chance on the bench on Saturday.
"I'll leave that one up to the manager. He has the experience and knows how to win the league, having done it for the last three years.
McCourt arrived as a £100,000 signing from Derry City last summer but has been frustrated by injuries.
And it's not just his Celtic career that has suffered, his international hopes have been dented too.
But with Northern Ireland pushing for the World Cup Finals, McCourt wants to gatecrash the top squad more often.
Tonight's B game is a start for him and he added: "It's a good game for me.
"It's a chance to get some more game time and an opportunity to impress Nigel as well.
"I came on against San Marino earlier in the World Cup qualifying, but this is a chance to get myself in the reckoning for the next set of qualifiers.
"The senior boys are flying – the last two home wins were great and we're in a good position.
McCourt was likened to Celtic icon Lubo Moravcik last week by reserve boss Willie McStay and the player was flattered to be mentioned in the same breath as the Slovakian.
McStay feels McCourt needs to be given the same free role as Lubo was by Martin O'Neill and the Northern Irishman would like to prove he can do it for club and country.
He added: "It's nice to hear, but I think his comment was to do with how Moravcik fitted in to the tactical side at Celtic rather than comparing me to him as a player.


LeCoultre Ladies 14k Yellow Gold with Diamond Bezel. Model no. 5725, Case no. 786XXX, Calibre 840, Movement no. 207XXX. Serviced with 1 year guarantee. In good working condition. If you have any questions please do not hesitate in contacting us.


The Dexter boys' basketball team welcomed Tecumseh to town Friday night but the Dreadnaughts, outside of letting the Indians score first, were not the nicest hosts – but all is fair in love and basketball. The Dreads fell behind 2-0 and then went on a 40-5 run on their way to an easy 63-30 win in an SEC White Division game.
The Dreadnaughts have now won two straight.
Dexter led 20-4 after the first quarter and 40-10 at halftime.
All but one Dexter player shot their way into the scorebook in the victory.
Junior guard Antwan Ficklen scored 11 of his team-high 15 points in the first quarter. Junior Marco Lucchesi knocked down a pair of three-pointers and finished with 10 points. Caden Doll, Bobby Pnacek, Chad Robards and Ryan Trinkle all scored six points.
The Dreadnaughts play at Adrian on Tuesday and host Jackson on Friday night.


The British Parking Association (BPA) is frustrated by the article published by The Daily Telegraph on Monday and in other newspapers since, regarding the roll-out of the new £1 coin.
We said that where motorists are expected to pay they should do so by whatever means they can. Where payment is difficult or impossible then we expected that any reasonable parking provider would modify its approach to enforcement to reflect this. We also pointed out that ANY enforcement action is optional, a point regularly misunderstood. No-one is duty bound to enforce!
We have been working with the Royal Mint for three years to ensure our members are ready for the changeover and we have communicated with members from the earliest opportunity to ensure that the changeover was as seamless as possible. To report otherwise does not represent the actual situation that motorists are experiencing.
We and our members have responded superbly to the challenge of the new coin. Sadly, and despite our best efforts, a misleading version of events has been portrayed by some media while the parking sector has fully embraced and accepted the new £1 coin, which is a welcome new addition in the fight against counterfeiting.


text:
UDP Checksum Complement in the Network Time Protocol (NTP)
draft-ietf-ntp-checksum-trailer-06
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GENART Last Call Review (of -05): Ready
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NTP Working Group                                             T. Mizrahi
Internet Draft                                                   Marvell
Intended status: Experimental
Expires: September 2016                                    March 7, 2016
draft-ietf-ntp-checksum-trailer-06.txt
The Network Time Protocol (NTP) allows clients to synchronize to a
time server using timestamped protocol messages. To facilitate
accurate timestamping, some implementations use hardware-based
timestamping engines that integrate the accurate transmission time
into every outgoing NTP packet during transmission. Since these
packets are transported over UDP, the UDP checksum field is then
updated to reflect this modification. This document proposes an
extension field that includes a 2-octet Checksum Complement, allowing
timestamping engines to reflect the checksum modification in the last
2 octets of the packet rather than in the UDP checksum field. The
behavior defined in this document is interoperable with existing NTP
implementations.
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
This Internet-Draft will expire on September 7, 2016.
Mizrahi, T.           Expires September 7, 2016                [Page 1]
Internet-Draft         NTP Checksum Complement               March 2016
document authors. All rights reserved.
publication of this document. Please review these documents
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
1. Introduction...................................................2
1.1. Intermediate Entities.....................................3
1.2. Updating the UDP Checksum.................................5
2. Conventions used in this document..............................6
2.1. Terminology...............................................6
2.2. Abbreviations.............................................6
3. Using UDP Checksum Complements in NTP..........................6
3.1. Overview..................................................6
3.2. Checksum Complement in NTP Packets........................7
3.2.1. Transmission of NTP with Checksum Complement.........9
3.2.2. Intermediate Updates of NTP with Checksum Complement.9
3.2.3. Reception of NTP with Checksum Complement............9
3.3. Interoperability with Existing Implementations............9
3.4. The Checksum Complement and Authentication................9
4. Security Considerations.......................................10
5. IANA Considerations...........................................10
6. Acknowledgments...............................................11
7. References....................................................11
7.1. Normative References.....................................11
7.2. Informative References...................................11
Appendix A. Checksum Complement Usage Example....................12
The Network Time Protocol [NTPv4] allows clients to synchronize their
clocks to a time server by exchanging NTP packets. The increasing
demand for highly accurate clock synchronization motivates
implementations that provide accurate timestamping.
1.1. Intermediate Entities
In this document we use the term 'intermediate entity', referring to
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The ANU Extension Program Advanced Music Course is no longer available for application from 2019 onwards. Please note this does not affect current students enrolled in this course.
The Music for Colleges Program offered musicians in years 11 and 12 the opportunity to study either jazz or classical music at ANU with specialist tuition and ensemble direction.
As this program was accredited by the BSSS, students enrolled in theprogram as part of their year 11/12 package and could choose to take this course as either a minor (1 year) or a major (2 years). This program was available to students enrolled at any college in the ACT that follows the ACT education system. It was recommended that students also participate in the music program at their home college, if possible.
Over the course of four semesters, the Classical curriculum covers both classical music history from the Renaissance to today, as well as relevant theoretical concepts, composition, orchestration and more. Assessments include theory and aural exams, research essays and presentations, as well as ensemble and solo performances. By the end of this course, students will be prepared for material appropriate for second-year university or conservatory students. Students receive expert classroom and ensemble tuition from some of Canberra's finest classical musicians, as well as guest masterclasses and workshops throughout the course.
Over the course of four semesters, the Jazz curriculum covers both jazz music history from the 1800s to today, as well as relevant theoretical concepts, composition, arranging and more. Assessments include theory and aural exams, research essays and presentations, as well as ensemble and solo performances. By the end of this course, students will be prepared for material appropriate for second-year university or conservatory students. Students receive expert classroom and ensemble tuition from some of Canberra's finest jazz musicians, as well as guest masterclasses and workshops throughout the course.