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Richard Masur: When Ex-Trustees Attack
On June 20, 2019 July 8, 2019 By crotondemocratsLeave a comment
I want to start by acknowledging that Mr. Joel Gingold did an admirable job in his letter published in the Gazette two weeks ago. He made what I thought were thoughtful and reasonable suggestions to the Village Board about how to avoid potential problems with possible zoning plan changes being studied by the Village. Even though I believe that most of the things Mr. Gingold suggested were already being done, his suggestions seemed to be constructive.
Last week Mr. Bob Anderson added his voice to the conversation by posing a list of "10 questions for the Croton Board of Trustees regarding rezoning". The questions in and of themselves were potentially productive. However, there are some things that suggest that may not be the case.
Mr. Anderson starts from the premise that a current draft proposal exists. That is just not true. As Mr. Paul Doyle, the Chair of the working group conducting the current Zoning Study made clear in last week's Gazette, the working group is still in the process of considering possible zoning changes in the Municipal Place Gateway and North Riverside areas. Mr. Doyle further made clear that this process is far from complete. And he forthrightly stated that the decisions about what recommendations the working group will be making to the Board will take into account many factors, including the Comprehensive Plan.
In fact, the Zoning Study grew directly out of the Village's Comprehensive Plan, which is a legal document adopted by the Village while Mr. Anderson was serving on the Board as Deputy Mayor. What he voted to approve included the following: "Adapting housing, transit, recreation and buildings and public spaces will help a vibrant and engaged senior population to securely age in place and contribute to a vibrant community. At the same time, the Village must provide the services and quality of life that will attract and retain the new Village immigrants and younger workforce needed to replace a labor force that is shrinking as the population ages."
According to NY State law, once a Comprehensive Plan is adopted, all land use regulations must be in accordance with it. In other words, the working group has no option but to take the Comprehensive Plan into account when developing their recommendations about zoning in the Village.
This raises the question – What did Mr. Anderson and his colleagues on the Board think they were voting for when they approved the adoption of the Plan? It also raises the question (given his intimate knowledge of the Comprehensive Plan) of why a former Deputy Mayor wouldn't understand that each of the questions included on his list would already be part of the Zoning Study, and will certainly be taken into account in developing the work group's recommendations and the Village Board's eventual rezoning decisions.
But before that happens, as we can assume Mr. Anderson must already know, the work group has more work to do. And before the Board takes any action, it will certainly solicit much more public discussion and input.
If Mr. Anderson's questions were published in an effort to further that process, then I for one, think they are productive. If, on the other hand, they are an effort to simply raise provocative issues which Mr. Anderson should know have no clear answers at this time, then I for one think they are decidedly unproductive.
Richard Masur
Chair, Croton Democratic Committee
On June 15, 2019 June 17, 2019 By crotondemocratsLeave a comment
Dear neighbor, Here is the 454th installment of Decoding Village Agendas to keep Croton residents informed of the actions of the Village Board at their meetings. I continue to add recipients to this email update on agendas so you may be receiving it for the first time. I enjoy getting your feedback and hope to continue to hear from you. If you do not wish to receive these periodic email updates from me, please reply to this email and your name will be removed from the email list.
Ann Gallelli
Decoding Village Agendas – June 17, 2019
Regular Meeting of the Village Board
(Open to Public – Televised)
PRESENTATION/OTHER:
Presentation by Mario Garcia, U.S. Census Partnership Specialist, on the 2020 Census. The Village formed a Census Count committee about a year ago at the behest of the Census Bureau which requested all municipalities to do so. Mr. Garcia will report on the activities that local groups will be undertaking to ensure a complete count in the 2020 Census.
The Village Board will consider a motion to enter into an executive session to discuss a personnel matter related to a particular individual. If the motion is passed an executive session will be held.
PUBLIC HEARING:
Public Hearing to consider the expansion of the special permit for Happy Hearts Take Two, located at 365 South Riverside Avenue. The Board will hear comments on the application for the special use permit expansion. The proposed expansion is for ten additional classrooms at their existing location. The automotive use will be eliminated.
CORRECSPONDENCE:
Letter from Toni Senecal Shea, owner of the Croton Tapsmith, requesting use of one parking space in front of their establishment for a monthly pizza trailer event. Based on their Summerfest experience, Tapsmith would like to have a pizza popup on the first Sunday of each month using a trailer in front of the store. This requires approval of use of this parking space by the Board.
Request from Daniel O'Connor, Village Engineer, for a building permit extension at 10 Newton Court. The contractor has requested an extension for 6 months. The Village Engineer approves it being granted.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to execute a contract for EMT services with the Mid-Hudson Ambulance District for a period of one year from June 1, 2019, through May 31, 2020. The Village has been contracting with Mid-Hudson for supplemental EMT services since 2011. The hourly rate is $23/hour.
Consider scheduling a Public Hearing to amend Chapter 197 of the Village Code, Streets and Sidewalks, to prohibit signage in the Village's right-of-way for Monday, July 1, 2019, at 8 PM in the Georgianna Grant Meeting Room of the Stanley H. Kellerhouse Municipal Building. The proposed amended law would clarify the Village's signage prohibitions in public areas. This resolution calls for a public hearing on it.
Consider adoption of the Village's Social Media and Email Blast Policy. The Board has been considering aspects of such a policy over several work sessions. The intent is to set parameters for the implementation and use of social media, such as Facebook, and public email blasts for the dissemination of official Village information and as a means of assisting not-for-profits and other organizations in the Village.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to sign Change Order A with Hendrickson Fire Rescue Equipment of Islandia, New York, for changes made to the design of the 2018 Triple Combination Pumper, for a credit amount of $5,391.00. This is a reduction in the total cost anticipated for Engine 118.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to sign a five-year lease agreement with Fleetwood Finance Leasing, LLC, of Cranford, New Jersey, for the use of a voice recorder for the police telephone lines in the amount of $35,680. Due to its aging recording equipment, the Police Dept. has requested replace equipment. Leasing appears to be the best financial option for replacing and updating the equipment which is necessary for recording incoming and placing out going conversations.
Consider authorizing the inclusion of the Village of Croton-on-Hudson in the North Westchester WQIP Consortium and the grant application for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4) Mapping. This resolution would allow the Village to join other Towns and Villages in Northern Westchester in applying for a new DEC grant that would result in storm sewer mapping across the entire area. The other participants in this application are the Towns of Bedford, Cortlandt, Lewisboro, New Castle, North Castle, North Salem, Somers, Yorktown and the Villages of Buchanan and Croton-on-Hudson.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to execute a stipulation of agreement with the Croton Police Association. The Village Manager needs authorization to enter into an agreement with the Police Association.
Consider approving the proposal from Ecogy Energy to install a solar array on the roof of the DPW Garage at 435 Yorktown Road for the purpose of community solar. The proposal would provide about 250 kW of solar panels on the DPW roof which would first undergo a repair. The result would be $754,899 in lease payments to the Village over 27 years with no out-of-pocket costs. It would provide discounted power to Croton residents under community solar. The Village's Sustainability Committee, after evaluating some 20 companies sent RFP's to 8 and ultimately received 2 proposals of which Ecogy Energy was selected. This resolution directs the Village Manager to develop a lease agreement with Ecogy which will require subsequent approval by the Board.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to sign the proposal from RPL Architects of Toronto, Canada, in the amount of $6,000 for design and layout services during the schematic design of the renovations for the Police Department. RPL would provide architectural design input for areas that are police specialty requirements. They would be working with Peter Gisolfi Associates on the overall schematic design of a Police Dept. renovation.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to extend the tree trimming and removal services contract to Golden's Tree Service of Montrose, New York, at the rate of $1,605.60 per day, for a total of $48,168.00, for the period beginning June 1, 2019, until May 31, 2020. This is an extension of one year, at the existing rates, of Village's contract with Golden's Tree Service.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to extend the contract for welding services with Santella Welding at the rate of $94/hour for the welder and $89/hour for the welder's helper, for a total of $25,620, for the period beginning December 5, 2018 until December 5, 2019. This is an extension of the existing contract with Santella at existing rates.
Consider authorizing the Village Manager to extend the lawn maintenance contract with Errico Landscaping Corp. of Hartsdale, New York, in the amount of $46,400, for the period beginning May 1, 2019 until April 30, 2020. This is an extension of the existing contract with Errico for an additional year at the same rates.
Richard Olver: Is that how we unite Croton?
Croton United just makes stuff up. Last week Roseann Schuyler wrote in the Gazette that the Village is run by people who "make public policy in secret while sitting in their mansions behind stone walls" in the part of town where they will never face the results of their zoning decisions.
Well, the Village Board makes those decisions. We have no secrets, and here is where we Board members actually live: a small ranch on Whelan in Harmon, above a business on Maple Street, a raised ranch on Briggs near Albany Post Road, another raised ranch at Old Post Road North and Stevenson and a walkup apartment on Benedict Blvd.
We on the Board are a cross section of our community. And we are doing what we honestly believe is needed for the Village to thrive in future.
We have no precooked plan but are gathering citizen inputs before debating and deciding whether and what to do. The point of the Zoning Study for the North Riverside and Municipal Place area is to make sure that whether we decide on any rezoning or make no changes, our decision will be consistent with market conditions and responsive to residents.
Me, I believe it's important to encourage new investment in our community to broaden the tax base so that we can control property taxes, and increase our moderate-priced housing stock. The Village applied this concept in Harmon through rezoning several years ago, over the objections of the same people attacking the Board now. Contrary to those critics, we are now seeing positive results in Harmon with new business and market rate housing opportunities for our community.
If Croton United has ideas, we want to listen, and will listen. If they want to propose and attempt to implement a program of their own, they can run candidates for the Board. But they don't. So far, all I hear from them is negative nonsense – an unfortunate amalgam of conspiracy theories, personal attacks and inflammatory and misleading statements. Is this how we unite Croton?
Rick Olver, Trustee
Brian Pugh: Save our sidewalks!
Dear Neighbors:
The Village of Croton's new sidewalk replacement program began last week. Under the sidewalk improvement program, the Village will contribute 40% of the cost of the replacement of a property owner's sidewalk.
Cost-sharing programs for sidewalks have been offered by the Village from time to time. This latest version was unanimously approved by the Board of Trustees on March 4th and funded in the capital budget adopted in April.
The Board believes that the latest program can be done more efficiently thanks to the increasing capacity of our Department of Public Works. The DPW will now do the sidewalk work in-house without having to hire an outside contractor.
The program is open to owners with existing sidewalks. Residents who no longer have a sidewalk that can document that a sidewalk existed on their property may also participate.
Residents interested in the sidewalk replacement program should contact the Village Engineer's Office at 914-271-478.
Brian Pugh, Mayor
On June 8, 2019 June 10, 2019 By crotondemocratsLeave a comment
Dear neighbor, Here is the 453rd installment of Decoding Village Agendas to keep Croton residents informed of the actions of the Village Board at their meetings. I continue to add recipients to this email update on agendas so you may be receiving it for the first time. I enjoy getting your feedback and hope to continue to hear from you. If you do not wish to receive these periodic email updates from me, please reply to this email and your name will be removed from the email list.
Work Session of the Village Board
7: 30 p.m.
(Open to Public and Televised
a. Update from Carrie Sena, Executive Director, on the activities of the Croton Caring Committee. The activities of the Caring Committee over the past year will be reviewed as well as their direction going forward. This is the anniversary of Ms. Sena's first year as Executive Director.
b. Review revised draft of the Village's Social Media and Email Blast Policy. This policy has been developed and reviewed over several years and administrations. The updates currently being discussed regard public comments on Village posts to not permit advocacy of unlawful activities, discrimination, profanity and political advocacy. The Village's proposed social media policy applies to the Village's use of social media and email blasts.
c. Further discussion of the enforcement of Section 197-8 of the Village Code-Posting notices, distributing handbills. The Board will consider the following language regarding posting notices and handbills in the Village:
No person shall post, affix or otherwise put up any written, printed or painted sign, notice (except legal notice), advertisement or showbill of any concert, entertainment or other performance on any of the trees, poles, walls, fences or buildings on or along any of the streets or public places in said Village or distribute, scatter or throw any handbills, dodgers or notices or cause the same to be scattered or thrown along any of the public streets, avenues or alleys in said Village.
d. Review of proposed stickers and magnets from Diversity Committee.
The diversity Committee is proposing two designs for use on stickers and magnets at events sponsored by the committee. The images are available on the Village website, click on Minutes and Agendas.
Ann Gallelli: Village of Croton Honored with Westchester Municipal Planning Federation (WMPF) Award
Dear Neighbors ,
Last week, the Village of Croton was honored to receive a Planning Achievement Award from the Westchester Municipal Planning Federation (WMPF). The Elliott Way Elevated Walkway Project was the specific achievement being honored.
After the opening of Croton Landing Park in 2009, its popularity made access to it increasingly precarious. Limited by a stretch of road only 15' wide and bordered on each side by railroad tracks and the Hudson River, respectively, the road was filled with two-way traffic of vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians.
Work on possible designs for an improved access began as early as 2015 and occurred over several administrations. An elevated walkway design provided a unique solution. Work on the new walkway required permits from the Army Corps of Engineers and the NYSDEC as well agreements with the MTA.
The elevated walkway opened in 2018. It eliminated the prior unsafe conditions by using helical piles to cantilever a new roadway and a separate pedestrian walkway out over the Hudson River, thereby effectively widening the road and the usable space.
Separately, but also part of the work effort, was the installation of a new drainage culvert from the Brook Street drainage area which will help alleviate future flooding conditions.
Croton's Hudson River waterfront is a notable asset of our Village. This project's award by WMPF is recognition of the success of Croton's many waterfront improvements which provide unprecedented access to the Hudson River waterfront.
Ann Gallelli, Trustee
Andy Simmons: Resources for Clean Energy Projects–Save Money for your Home
Over the years, the Village of Croton has sought to empower residents to make their homes more energy efficient. That's why I'm excited that the Care for Creation Ministry is presenting "Resources for Clean Energy Projects: Save Money for your Home," this Sunday, June 9, at 3 PM at Holy Name of Mary. The conversation will be led by Collin Adkins, a Community Energy Advisor with Cornell Cooperative Extension, Dutchess County.
Mr. Adkins, at the Mayor's invitation, has already held a seminar on energy savings with the Croton seniors. In this latest visit, he will introduce more residents, small-businesses, and non-profits to programs, tools, and incentives that can help save money and reduce pollution by shrinking energy consumption. Kudos to the Care for Creation Ministry for having the foresight to organize this important event.
For more information on how you can make your home more efficient contact Collin Adkins directly at cda37@cornell.edu or attend the talk Sunday.
Andy Simmons
Croton Village Trustee
Olver: Conspiracy Theories Discourage Substantive Discussion
Croton United, there is no secret Village Board plan for Croton redevelopment. There is no interested developer, and there has been no secret Board discussion about any deal. There is no precooked agenda. As anyone who watches Village Board meetings can see, we Democrats often disagree among ourselves.
Now Roseann Schuyler has written a letter insinuating some kind of malfeasance by the Village Clerk in response to her rush FOIL request. The Village follows the law on FOIL. The staff are busy and can't guarantee responses early. As an attorney, Roseanne should know to time her FOIL requests accordingly.
We hear endless, baseless conspiracy theory rhetoric from Croton United around the North Riverside Avenue/Municipal Place zoning study. By constantly claiming there must be a secret plan, you're only discouraging residents from making substantive inputs to the public discussion.
Richard "Rick" Olver, Trustee
Brian Pugh: Croton Water Quality Report
The Village of Croton is responsible for providing residents with many essential services–including drinking water. Thanks to the sound stewardship of successive Boards of Trustees and our Village's professional staff, we've made important improvements in this area as documented by our annual Water Quality Report released on May 28.
Significantly, the latest Water Quality Report found no violations.
As recently as five years ago, testing found five violations for inadequate chlorine contact time and excessive lead. Inadequately treated water may contain disease-causing organisms. Water with too much copper can cause gastrointestinal distress and, over many years, liver or kidney damage.
These improvements in water quality did not come by accident. Nor are they without cost. Approximately $11 million of our Village's outstanding bonds are for our water system.
Keeping our water pure requires vigilance and funding. In this year's budget, the Board approved $500,000 for relining water mains along Cleveland Drive and Albany Post Road.
As Mayor, I will continue to make the provision of vital municipal services a priority and look forward to working with my colleagues on the Board and our Village staff to keep our community safe and healthy.
Brian Pugh, Mayor of Croton
Richard Masur: Where are the challengers?
The Croton Democrats were very surprised to discover last week that our candidates for the Village elections this fall will be running unopposed once again. Mayor Brian Pugh and Trustee Sherry Horowitz will be joined by Mr. John Habib on the ballot. We believe that John will be a great addition to the Board and will help to continue moving our Village forward. We are especially grateful to Trustee Richard Olver for jumping in and doing a great job for the past several months.
I said that we were surprised by the lack of challengers because our fellow residents who comprise and/or support the "Croton United" faction in our Village have been publishing in these pages a constant barrage of critical accusations and complaints about the current Democratic administration. Naturally, this led us all to expect an organized electoral challenge. But there is none.
Why rail against the actions of the Village Mayor and Trustees, a group of people who have been doing their best to deal with the needs of the community, now and in the future, unless you have a different plan of your own and a way to enact it? In other words: Why constantly attack the current administration when you have no intention of doing anything to follow through on your criticisms and complaints at the ballot box.
We are all entitled to our own opinions. I would not criticize anyone for that. However, if your goal is truly to be of service to your fellow Village residents by pointing out what you perceive of as misguided policies, why is it necessary to manufacture "facts", impute malign motives to, and engage in ad hominem attacks on the sitting Trustees? One thing we all should have learned from the 2018 elections is that most people in this country are sick and tired of this kind of behavior and want those who claim to be acting in the public interest to do so in a truthful and civil manner.
Why not try to help your local government to function better, rather than just sniping at it from the sidelines? Why not calmly and thoughtfully point out your differences with the policies of the Village Board and suggest what you consider to be a better way to proceed? Wouldn't that be a positive change going forward?


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Prince Amedeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta (Amedeo Umberto Isabella Luigi Filippo Maria Giuseppe Giovanni di Savoia-Aosta; 21 October 1898 – 3 March 1942) was the third Duke of Aosta and a first cousin, once removed of the King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III. During World War II, he was the Italian Viceroy of Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana, or AOI).

Biography
Amedeo was born in Turin, Piedmont, to Prince Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta (son of Amadeo I of Spain and Princess Maria Vittoria), and Princess Hélène (daughter of Prince Philippe of Orléans and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans). As his patrilinal great-grandfather was King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, he was a member of the House of Savoy. He was known from birth by the courtesy title of Duke of Apulia.

Amedeo was a very tall man (in stark contrast of the King who was known to be quite short). According to Amedeo Guillet, he was once referred to by a journalist as "Your Highness" (which in Italian could also be interpreted to mean "your height"). The Duke replied in jest: "198 centimetres" (6 feet, 6 inches).

Education and early military career

Amedeo was educated at St David's College, Reigate, Surrey, in England. He cultivated British mannerisms, spoke Oxford English, and even enjoyed the pastimes of fox hunting and polo. Amedeo entered the Nunziatella, the military academy in Naples, joined the Italian Royal Army (Regio Esercito) and fought with distinction in the artillery during World War I. He left the army in 1921 and traveled widely in Africa.

Amedeo subsequently rejoined the Italian armed forces and became a pilot. In 1932, he joined the Italian Royal Air Force (Regia Aeronautica). Amedeo served under Marshall Rodolfo Graziani and Libyan Governor Pietro Badoglio during later stages of the so-called "pacification of Libya" (1911 to 1932). Amedeo and his fellow airmen harried the Senussi forces of Omar Mukhtar from the sky.  When hostilities in Libya came to an end in early 1932, much was made of the participation of the "Duke of Apulia" as the commander of the airmen who forced the Senussi to flee Libya and seek relief in Egypt. Amedeo, portrayed by the tall actor Sky du Mont, appears in several non-flying scenes with Graziani in the movie The Lion of the Desert, about the Italian conquest of Libya.

On 4 July 1931, upon the death of his father, Amedeo became the Duke of Aosta.

Viceroy and governor-general
In 1937, after the Italian conquest of Ethiopia during the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, the Duke of Aosta replaced Marshal Graziani as Viceroy and as Governor-General of Italian East Africa. It was generally conceded that he was a vast improvement over Graziani. As Viceroy and Governor-General, the Duke of Aosta was also the Commander-in-Chief of all Italian military forces in Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somaliland.

World War II

When Italy declared war on the United Kingdom and France on 10 June 1940, the Duke of Aosta became the commander of the Italian forces in what is known as the East African Campaign of World War II. He oversaw the initial Italian advances into the Sudan and Kenya and, in August, he oversaw the Italian invasion of British Somaliland.

In January 1941, the British launched a counter-invasion and the Italians went on the defensive in East Africa. The Italians fought throughout February. But, after fierce resistance, the Battle of Keren ended in Italian defeat, after which the rest of Eritrea, including the port of Massawa, fell quickly. On 31 January, the Duke of Aosta reported that the Italian military forces in East Africa were down to 67 operational aircraft with limited fuel stocks. With supplies running low and with no chance of re-supply, the Duke of Aosta opted to concentrate the remaining Italian forces into several strongholds: Gondar, Amba Alagi, Dessie, and Gimma. He himself commanded the 7,000 Italians at the mountain fortress of Amba Alagi. With his water supply compromised, surrounded, and besieged by 9,000 British and Commonwealth troops and more than 20,000 Ethiopian irregulars, the Duke of Aosta surrendered Amba Alagi on 18 May 1941. Due to the gallant resistance of the Italian garrison, the British allowed them to surrender with honours of war.

Death
Shortly after his surrender, the Duke of Aosta was interned in a prisoner-of-war camp in Nairobi, Kenya. He was placed in command of his fellow prisoners, but never saw the end of World War II. On 3 March 1942, shortly after his internment, he died at the prison camp, reportedly as a result of complications from both tuberculosis and malaria. Amedeo was succeeded by his brother, Aimone, 4th Duke of Aosta. From 18 May 1941, the same day Amedeo surrendered Amba Alagi, Aimone was proclaimed King of Croatia under the regal name Tomislav II.

Aftermath
Amedeo was well known and highly regarded for being a gentleman. In one instance, before he fled his headquarters at Addis Ababa, he wrote a note to the British to thank them in advance for protecting the women and children in the cities.

Count Galeazzo Ciano, Italian Foreign Minister under his father-in-law Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, paid Amedeo a high compliment in his famous diaries. Upon being given the news of the Duke's death Ciano wrote, "So dies the image of a Prince and an Italian. Simple in his ways, broad in outlook, and humane in spirit."

Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia was also impressed by the respect and care that the Duke of Aosta showed to the exiled Emperor's personal property left behind in Addis Ababa. In a gesture of thanks, the Emperor during his state visit to Italy in 1953 invited the widowed Duchess of Aosta to tea during his stay in Milan, but was then informed by the Italian government that receiving the Duchess would cause offense to the Italian Republic, and so the Emperor sadly canceled the visit. Instead he invited the 5th Duke of Aosta to Ethiopia in the mid-60s, and accorded him all the protocol due to visiting royalty.

Family
Amedeo was married 5 November 1927, in Naples, to his first cousin Princess Anne of Orléans (1906–1986), daughter of Prince Jean, Duke of Guise, and his wife, Princess Isabelle of Orléans.

They had two daughters:

 Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta (7 April 1930 Capodimonte Palace - 10 January 2022); married Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este (son of the last Austrian emperor, Charles I) on 28 December 1953. They had five children.
 Princess Maria Cristina of Savoy-Aosta (12 September 1933 at Miramare Castle); married Prince Casimir of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, son of Prince Gabriel of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and his second wife, Princess Cecylia Lubomirska, on 29 January 1967. They had four children.

Cultural depictions

Prince Amedeo's time in Italian Cyrenaica was depicted in the 1981 film Lion of the Desert; Amedeo was played by Sky du Mont.

Amedeo was also briefly mentioned in "A Farewell to Arms" by Ernest Hemingway.

In the game, Hearts Of Iron 4, he is the leader of Italian East Africa

See also
Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
History of Libya as Italian Colony
Colonial heads of Italian East Africa
East African Campaign (World War II)

Ancestry

References

External links

Amedeo, 3rd Duke Of Aosta
Italian military personnel of World War II
Italian prisoners of war in World War II
World War II prisoners of war held by the United Kingdom
1898 births
1942 deaths
Italian East Africa
People of former Italian colonies
East African campaign (World War II)
20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Deaths from malaria
Italian people who died in prison custody
Infectious disease deaths in Kenya
Prisoners who died in British military detention
Nobility from Turin
Amedeo, 3rd Duke Of Aosta
Amedeo, 3rd Duke Of Aosta
Italian generals
Italian military personnel killed in World War II
Tuberculosis deaths in Kenya
Military personnel from Turin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Nano Sponge For Oil Spills
A thin membranes made from a web of nanowires might become a promising tool for cleaning up oil spills and removing toxic contaminants from groundwater. When dipped into a mixture of water and oil, the 50-micrometer-thick membrane absorbs the oil, swelling to 20 times its weight.
Typically, oil spills are cleaned up using the same basic technology used 20 years ago. This includes using absorbent materials to sop up traces of oil. Natural sorbents such as hay and cellulose can soak up between 3 and 15 times their weight in oil, while synthetic polymer-based sorbents can absorb up to 70 times their weight. But these materials tend to absorb water as well.
The new membrane absorbs oil and solvents and is superhydrophobic, which means it strongly repels water. "If you were to put it in water for a month and take it out it would still be dry," says Francesco Stellacci, the MIT Materials science and engineering professor who led the work, published online in Nature Nanotechnology. Stellaci says the material should not be too expensive to make in large quantities and can be easily reused many times, although the researchers haven't measured how many times yet.
Michael Rubner, an MIT materials science and engineering professor who was not involved in the project, says that the membrane's reusability is its most distinctive feature. Other hydrophobic structures have typically been made from organic materials. The inorganic nanowires can handle temperatures up to 600 degrees Celsius, where organic materials would degrade. "If the membrane becomes foul with oil or you have to remove the oil, ... [you] can basically cook it and clean it up and, in principle, use it over and over again," Rubner says.
Image Credit: Francesco Stellacci, MIT, and Nature Nanotechnology
Source: Technology Review by MIT

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Second Breakfast: Brush Up Your Shakespeare 8: 'The Hollow Crown' (Part 1)
cmmelv / July 6, 2014
Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, Part 6, Part 7
Terry Pratchett, or I should say Sir Terry Pratchett, in his book Sourcery, outlines a wonderful conceptualization of inspiration. He imagines particles of inspiration rocketing through the multiverse, just waiting to strike some poor, unsuspecting brain. Sometimes they hit the wrong brain, one of a "small and bewildered duck," for example. Some people's brains are just so perfectly configured that they operate as magnets for inspiration particles, and they end producing countless and invaluable ideas to humanity. Shakespeare, I believe, was one of these. He's responsible for the development of modern English, and he invented over 1700 words still in use today, including, by the way, Jessica. His mind was struck countless times by inspiration. In fact, you could say that it bombarded him.
Before you ask, yes, that was a hundred-and-twenty word build-up to a cheap pun, but that's the kind of thing Shakespeare was all about, much to the infuriation of many modern readers. Despite the base humor and rambling setups—despite the abhorrent Comedy of Errors—Shakespeare had a pretty sweet career, and wrote some pretty sweet plays, and for some reason we just can't get enough of him. That's why there are over a thousand adaptations of his works for film and television to date. Even though we're practically being drowned in Shakespeare, I still feel the Histories don't quite get their due representation, which is why I'm very excited to be devoting the entire month of July to his most popular tetralogy: Richard II, Henry IV Part 1 & 2, and Henry V. Sorry for the lengthy intro.
The Hollow Crown: Richard II (2012)
The Plot: Richard II (Ben Whishaw) is not what you would describe as a particularly good, or competent, or thoughtful, or useful monarch. He's just really bad at his job. He likes the decadence and comfort, but hates conflict of any kind and will avoid it like the plague, always opting for the quickest and easiest resolution, regardless of long-term consequences. This is particularly problematic when faced with his cousin Bolingbroke (Rory Kinnear) accusing his close friend Mowbray (James Purefoy) of high treason. Unsure of how to respond, Richard exiles both of them. When Bolingbroke's father, John of Gaunt (Patrick Stewart) dies, Bolingbroke breaks his exile to pay his respects, only to discover that Richard has seized his rightful inheritance to fund a war in Ireland. Needless to say, Bolingbroke is mightily displeased, and now Richard has an unavoidable conflict on his hands: civil rebellion.
This is a great play and the first of Shakespeare's eight-part canonical history of the War of the Roses. Though all of the characters in this play are long dead by the time the actual War begins, the conflict they're disputing is the justness of Bolingbroke's revolt. It's a wonderfully crafted story, and a very rewarding reading experience. Richard II is one of those great histories that borders on tragedy. The character of Richard is, in many ways, a tragic hero. Incompetence being his major flaw. I've always read him as a woefully unprepared chap, whose heart is basically in the right place, but who's completely ill-equipped for the demands of kingship, simply because he's been pandered and sheltered by an entourage of yes-men. You can't help but pity him by the end of the play.
Unfortunately, I didn't feel that level of affection for Whishaw's Richard. This interpretation of the character presents all of the characterizing flaws without any of the pathetic charm. Richard is, in both play and film, at times kind of a jerk. He can't handle a situation when it is in his control, and as soon as he's lost hold of it, he falls back onto desperate accusations and weak attempts at gaining pity from his enemies, making several allusions between himself and Christ, proclaiming Bolingbroke & Co. "worse than Judas." These rhetorical techniques are not supposed to actually work on the audience, but just make Richard a more shameful failure before he finally comes to terms with his defeat. Director Rupert Goold, who does provide some exquisite visuals, opts for some rather heavy-handed visual comparisons between Richard, Jesus, and St. Sebastian, seemingly missing the point. This technique wouldn't be as problematic if Whishaw had done a better job making Richard more loveable earlier on, but he comes off as a spineless, occasionally despicable, overpowered fool of king instead, so I'm not sure what the Christ/Sebastian visual cues are really supposed to accomplish.
This is only Goold's second cinematic endeavor, so clearly he has work a few things out. There's great promise in his direction, though. When he's not getting caught up in misguided symbolism, he achieves some wondrous shot-composition. With the exception of a few overly-stylized scenes (one or two, only), this is a magnificently filmed adaptation. Goold didn't have a hand in the other three installments of the tetralogy, directed by seasoned veteran Richard Eyre and relative newcomer Thea Sharrock, but hopefully the visuals will remain as strong throughout.
Despite a poor realization of… you know, the main character of the movie, most of the other performances are really good. Kinnear's Bolingbroke is perhaps a bit wooden, and it probably doesn't help that the character is played by Jeremy Irons in later installments, who will likely be anything but wooden. The best performances are by Patrick Stewart as Gaunt and David Suchet as the Duke of York, but I guess we shouldn't be surprised by Patrick Stewart being good in Shakespeare. The only major disappointment is Ben Whishaw. I had high hopes for his performance, but got the impression that he just didn't know where to go with the character. It's unfair that he had so many scenes with Stewart and Suchet, who clearly both knew their Shakespeare, because his delivery doesn't feel as natural or as thoughtful as theirs.
Boom. Patrick Stewart.
I don't expect this to be as much of a problem with the Henry films, starring Jeremy Irons as Henry IV, Tom Hiddleston as Hal, and Simon Russell Beale as Falstaff. I think we'll be just fine.
July 6, 2014 in Movie Review, Second Breakfast. Tags: Ben Whishaw, Brush Up Your Shakespeare, David Suchet, Patrick Stewart, Richard II, Rooster Illusion, Rory Kinnear, Rupert Goold, Second Breakfast, Shakespeare, The Hollow Crown
Second Breakfast: Brush Up Your Shakespeare 9: The Hollow Crown (Part 2)
Second Breakfast: Brush Up Your Shakespeare 17: The Hollow Crown (Part 5)
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solankichandni19 says:
Reblogged this on Chandni.


Lotus Herbals Tea Tree Face Wash: Review - Divassence!
Divassence! has been my sounding board for all things oily-skin – you guys have heard me saying this enough and more – my oil-ridden skin is just the perfect spot for the NATO's next intervention. Ah well. I've just chanced upon what I'd say is rightfully the best solution for oily skin, in terms of face washes: The Lotus Herbals Tea Tree Wash.
Packed in their trademark creamy yellow tube, with a wave of green washing over, the sides of the tube are transparent and let you see the granulated gel that sits inside, ready to take on your oil glands with glee. The odour is pleasant, and woody, and reminds you of hill stations and a glass of steaming tea.
The product tells you that it is specially formulated for oily skin, and that it comprises an infusion of extracts of tea tree oil, cinnamon and oak bark, all of which go to ensure that there is a removal of the excess oil on your skin while also keeping the oil production itself regulated. What it also promises to do is to reduce the number of lesions on your skin that are akin to acne, while also seeing to it that your skin remains fresh and clean.
Wet your face first, and then squeeze a tiny bubble's worth on a wet palm, and apply it on your face with upward circular motions. Rinse once done, and you're set!
I wonder what else it contains – and it might just help if they told us everything it contains beside just the active ingredients. Makes me wonder if there are chemicals after all!
Would I use it again? Yes indeed!


As the only Ayurveda center in Germany and throughout Europe, we operate our center for authentic Ayurvedic medicine in Bad Bocklet under the name, the concept and the Medical Directorate of the Vaidja family Madukkakuzhy from Kerala. Here in northern Bavaria, the management is in the hands of Dr. Ing. Sajan Joseph Vadakkan Simon Ayu - in good collegial cooperation with Dr. Ing. med. Winfried Breitenbach, who leads the additional title naturopathy; 4 star Kunzmanns Hotel in Bad Bocklet, directly at the extensive spa park, with Wellnessablem SPA, swimming pool and Finnish sauna. With us you will be spoiled with delicious Ayurvedic cuisine. The Ayurveda center Germany and Kunzmann's Hotel combine high in their partnership Expertise in hospitality and Ayurvedic medicine.


HALO UNDER PLATE | BLACK RIM – The Chairman Homeware and Furniture Co.
These crisp glass under plates feature a sleek black rim. Give your table setting that sophisticated finish that it needs. Sold individually or as a set of 4 piecs.
Each piece individually packaged and secured in a carton.
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The Widow Waltz is an intriguing and entertaining read. The thoughtful observations and wit within are first encountered with the title's play on words and then continues throughout. An easy read, not only does this novel grapple grief and loss, but tosses in a deceitful spouse who has left behind a legacy of lies. Unfortunately, Georgia Waltz doesn't discover her husband's deceit until after the massive coronary that takes him from her – and not only it take her from him, but also takes away her privileged life.
I can't imagine what it would be like to learn your husband had continuously lied to you after he's dead. How do you come to terms with that when you can't yell and freak out on him in person, when you're grieving the love you lost, the love you thought you had – and the life you'll now lose too? Georgia has it rough, but she meddles through somehow and we see her independence re-emerge as she is forced to deal with the aftermath of her husband's death – and his lies.
At times, I felt I couldn't connect to the characters as much as I wanted to. They came across as cold, aloof, and distant to me. Georgia seemed more devastated about the impact on her lifestyle rather than worried about how she (and her ridiculously spoiled daughters) would eat and where they would live. Yes, she had to get used to living with less money – but at least all was not lost.
The daughters drove me slightly insane. Irresponsible, unreliable and spoiled rotten, these twenty-somethings had barely worked a day in their lives. And they didn't make the brightest decisions. I did enjoy their gradual improvement and seeing the relationship with their mother evolve and grow. I actually would have liked more scenes from the daughters perspectives as they had more growth and development than their mother.
Even though part of the ending came as a surprise to me, I thought it wrapped up in a rush. I wanted to see much more development and because there wasn't, I am not entirely sure it came across as believable to me. In my opinion, the daughters had better resolutions to their woes. All in all, The Widow Waltz is a solid read with very witty prose - one of the things that kept me rapidly flipping pages and would be suitable to tuck into your beach bag this summer.


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Kuwait Wins DI Challenge Cup of Asia After 13-0 Win
April 26, 2017 / NationalTeamsOfIceHockey
By Steve Ellis – Eurohockey.com
Kuwait easily won the gold medal at the 2017 Division I Challenge Cup of Asia event, beating Oman 13-0 in the final game.
It was an easy game from start to finish, with Kuwait taking a 5-0 lead after 20 minutes of play. Ahmad Al Ajmi scored three of his five goals in the opening frame, eventually earning the top player award for the game. Al Ajmi was also named tournament MVP thanks to posting 11 goals and 17 points in just three games for Kuwait.
Abdulaziz Sheftail was also on top of his game, scoring twice and adding four assists to finish with six points on the night.
Jasem Al Sarraf stopped all 16 shots he faced, resulting in a perfect 2-0 record with no goals allowed on 24 shots overall.
Kuwait was able to secure their second gold medal at the Division I tournament, with the team beating Singapore to win gold back in 2015. India managed to come second place while Oman finished third and Macau came last with zero points.
منتخب الكويت لهوكي الجليد يحرز كأس اسيا ٢٠١٧???? Kuwait national ice hockey team ????
A post shared by نادي الألعاب الشتوية الكويتي (@kuwait_wgc) on Apr 25, 2017 at 2:23pm PDT
Lithuania goalie leads new generation
From Boston to Belfast


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White People Could Learn a Thing or Two About Talking About Race From the Orioles' Manager
Edwin Rios
On Wednesday, after the Baltimore Orioles trounced the Chicago White Sox in front of over 48,000 empty seats at Camden Yards, Orioles' manager Buck Showalter offered a blunt assessment of the ongoing protests happening just beyond the stadium gates.
When a Baltimore resident asked what advice Showalter would give to young black residents in the community, the manager explains [emphasis added]:
You hear people try to weigh in on things that they really don't know anything about. … I've never been black, OK? So I don't know, I can't put myself there. I've never faced the challenges that they face, so I understand the emotion, but I can't. … It's a pet peeve of mine when somebody says, 'Well, I know what they're feeling. Why don't they do this? Why doesn't somebody do that?' You have never been black, OK, so just slow down a little bit.
I try not to get involved in something that I don't know about, but I do know that it's something that's very passionate, something that I am, with my upbringing, that it bothers me, and it bothers everybody else. We've made quite a statement as a city, some good and some bad. Now, let's get on with taking the statements we've made and create a positive. We talk to players, and I want to be a rallying force for our city. It doesn't mean necessarily playing good baseball. It just means [doing] everything we can do. There are some things I don't want to be normal [in Baltimore again]. You know what I mean? I don't. I want us to learn from some stuff that's gone on on both sides of it. I could talk about it for hours, but that's how I feel about it.
Fans watched from outside the stadium gates after demonstrations in response to the death of Freddie Gray forced the team to play the first game behind closed doors in Major League Baseball history. At Wednesday's press conference, outfielder Adam Jones, who related to the struggles of Baltimore's youth as a kid growing up in San Diego, called on the city to heal after the unrest.
Jones goes on to say:
The last 72 hours have been tumultuous to say the least. We've seen good, we've seen bad, we've seen ugly…It's a city that's hurting, a city that needs its heads of the city to stand up, step up and help the ones that are hurting. It's not an easy time right now for anybody. It doesn't matter what race you are. It's a tough time for the city of Baltimore. My prayers have been out for all the families, all the kids out there.
They're hurting. The big message is: Stay strong, Baltimore. Stay safe. Continue to be the great city that I've come to know and love over the eight years I've been here. Continue to be who you are. I know there's been a lot of damage in the city. There's also been a lot of good protesting, there's been a lot of people standing up for the rights that they have in the Constitution, in the Bill of Rights, and I'm just trying to make sure everybody's on the same page.
It's not easy. This whole process is not easy. We need this game to be played, but we need this city to be healed first. That's important to me, that the city is healed. Because this is an ongoing issue. I just hope that the community of Baltimore stays strong, the children of Baltimore stay strong and gets some guidance and heed the message of the city leaders.
Like team exec John Angelos, Showalter, Jones and the rest of the Orioles organization get it.
Freddie Gray and the Real Lesson of Urban Policing
Beyond Baltimore: New York City Takes to the Streets
James West and Edwin Rios
How Many Like Baltimore's Freddie Gray Have Been Killed in Police Custody?
Jaeah Lee
"Violence Is Not the Answer": Baltimore Icon Ray Lewis Calls For Peace


Today was the first leg of my journey to Honduras! I flew to Chicago where I met up with Cassia, a Colts Cheerleader, and we shared the same flight down to Miami. Wasting no time getting to know each other, we talked the whole flight swapping stories about careers, family & friends, cheerleading auditions, and our "cheer life". And of course, we HAD to see each other's uniforms in person as soon as we got to the hotel! We had an overnight layover in Miami, so we hopped an Uber down to Ocean Drive on South Beach and enjoyed dinner by the beach. I have only seen Miami's airport, so I was so excited to see the South Beach I have always heard so much about. There really were shops and restaurants everywhere! Both of us being from the Midwest and in the middle of winter back home, we just had to walk along the beach and stick our feet in the ocean. Back in the room we are heading to bed early tonight so we are rested and ready for a jam packed day tomorrow! We will hit the ground running when we land with an appearance right off the plane!
Goodnight Miami, it's been fun! On to Honduras!!
We had a short flight to Honduras, only two and a half hours. I had heard the landing in Toncontín International Airport in Tegucigalpa is one of the most dangerous airports in the world! Apparently, the approach the aircraft has to take is really difficult and turns the plane sideways. I am normally not afraid of flying, but I was really interested to see how bad of a landing it was going to be! We must have had a really excellent pilot that day, because it really wasn't bad at all, for the record. He just hit the brakes hard when we touched down. The whole plane erupted in applause for his achievement! When we got off the plane, we were greeted by SMSgt Tuson with the Air Force of Soto Cano Airforce Base. As "distinguished visitors" to the base, we went through the "Diplomats" line in customs and were escorted through the airport. It was such an incredible welcome!
After a short bus ride, we arrived at the U.S. Embassy in Tegucigalpa, Honduras and were introduced to Ambassador James Nealon. We enjoyed mingling with Department of Defense personnel and Armed Forces assignees. After the Embassy, we took a two hour bus ride to the remote military base near Comayagua. We were given the best rooms on base and had dinner with the troops in the dining facility. Soto Cano Air Base is a Honduran Military installation that has approximately 500 U.S. military personnel in addition to the Honduran forces stationed there.
While on the bus ride to the base, we learned that the main mission of the base is to combat human and drug trafficking through Central America and up to the United States. The military works with the Honduran forces to help train them in these efforts and assist. Not only do our servicemen and women focus on the main mission, but they also do tons of humanitarian efforts in the Honduran community! They volunteer at orphanages, hike medical supplies out to the nearby towns, and bring medical teams to provide care to the people. When locals see the military personnel coming, they are excited to see the supplies they are bringing for the community. I am completely humbled by the amount of service these men and women offer the local community and our country. Having never been to a foreign military base, I am so grateful to be able to see these amazing acts firsthand and have a deeper understanding and appreciation for our military efforts.
This morning we were up early to meet the servicemen and women for their Army and Air Force flag football tournament! The NFL Players traveling with us were excited to jump in and coach. It was really great getting to see the men and women having fun and cheering them on from the sidelines. Honduras is considered a hardship deployment because the troops cannot bring their families with them and the base is remotely located. Fun activities and visitors like us to the base offer a nice break from reality for them.After the tournament, SMSgt Tuson and a group from the base took us into a nearby town, Comayagua, for some site seeing! Comayagua is known as "Donkey City" because historically water was transported into the city on donkeys. We visited the Comayagua Cathedral, built back in the 18th century and boasts the oldest working mechanical clock in Central America. We were able to watch the dancing bell ringer simultaneously ring four bells in the bell tower with a maze of ropes tied to his arms and legs. Quite an impressive routine! After passing through the cultural museum of Comayagua, we enjoyed a delicious, authentic meal at Ricardo's Restaurant with our military group. We have a full day tomorrow with the Super Bowl, and are so excited we can barely sleep tonight!
It's Game Day!!!We started out the morning with a visit to the flight line. This is hands down one of the coolest things I have ever seen in my life. All of the black hawks, medical helicopters, and chinooks are parked on the tarmac and create such an overwhelming presence as we drove up! We spent the next few hours crawling in and out of the aircraft, and even up on top (you climb up the side of a chinook like a rock climbing wall)! There were so many buttons and levers, I can't imagine how much training and studying goes into learning how to operate these aircraft. I was completely amazed by the pilots and their stories of flying and training. It was really neat to hear how organized and disciplined the processes are. Everyone on board has a job and an exact time to do that job to ensure the safety of the entire crew. It was incredible to see how important it is to work in unison as a team and be able to trust your teammates on missions. I was so impressed and overwhelmed with the amount of dedication, talent, and bravery our service personnel display.
After the flight line, we headed to the fire department. I had no idea what kind of fun I was in for! When we arrived, we were greeted by a little 13 week old puppy named Striker. The Air Force allows a Firehouse Mascot, so this little black ball of fur is their new addition to the Firehouse. The team had all of their equipment layed out for us to learn about—the jaws of life, a firefighting suit & all the gear, and athe firetrucks were pulled up waiting for us to explore! First we watched one of the men put on his gear in a required minute and thirty seconds. It was incredible! There were boots, fire proof layers, masks, hair covers, air tanks, and gloves. I felt like I was watching Superman change in a telephone booth! Cassia and I tried our hand at putting all the equipment on as fast as we could—we both did pretty good at just over 2 minutes! Next, we got to hold (the very heavy) jaws of life and operate them. It was unbelievable. A few guys set up an egg on the top of the cone and had us try to grasp it with the jaws and move it. The players did a great job and were able to successfully do it! The jaws were so heavy for me I had trouble, but was at least able to grasp the egg. I have got to up my bench presses to contend with this! After the egg contest, we were taken over to the fire engines where we were told to hop in. They drove us out to the flight line and said "Ok, you guys drive!". I couldn't believe it! Next thing I know, I'm in the driver's seat and driving a fire engine down the runway. That is like every kid's dream! And if that wasn't good enough, they told me to shoot the water. No way. I pulled the gage and fired away and off the top of the truck water went shooting out everywhere! It was an incredibly amazing experience.After our fun morning exploring the aircraft and firehouse, we headed to a handshake visit to meet with the men and women stationed there and signed autographs. After our quick visit, we headed back to the room to change into our official Game Day uniforms and head down to the Super Bowl Party!
Usually, I just watch the Super Bowl with a couple of close friends at my house, so this was actually my first big Super Bowl party experience! The men and women on base all headed down to "The Last Resort" restaurant on base where it was decorated with tons of streamers and 50thSuper Bowl decorations everywhere. When we walked up everyone was outside grilling and playing volleyball and bags (or corn hole as I learned it was also called). We wasted no time and jumped in on a game. Another confession—although I went to college at the University of Illinois and "bags" is a very common game, I have somehow made it through my life never having played it until now. I must say, I did a pretty good job for a first timer and our team won! After a few games of bags, we headed over to a ping pong table and played water pong with a few guys who were on call. It was really great getting to spend so much one-on-one time with the men and woman. While playing with them, I got to have long conversations and learn about their families, other deployments, their role in the military, and their future goals for their careers. After the pregame fun, we headed inside to eat and watch the game. Cassia and I went around talking with everyone and signing posters and enjoyed some great food while we watched the game. The energy in the room was overwhelming. You could tell watching the game like they would at home was a familiar activity that brought comfort to the men and women who had been away from their families and friends for so long. I was so blessed to be a part of the day with them.
I can't believe the day is over already and that we are already heading home tomorrow. This trip wasn't nearly long enough and I'm not ready to leave yet. It has been an incredible visit and I have done things that I never thought I would ever do! A guy named Will on base showed Cassia and I a video of The Andrews Sisters visiting Soto Cano back during WWII. It is a video that is played in the airport apparently. The Andrews Sisters were an American singing group of the swing/boogie-woogie era and they entertained on bases to boost morale. There is a video on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=vhJm1Ps6vdM) showing a performance where they are singing a song specifically about Tegucigalpa. It's catchy and will never leave your head once you hear it—check it out. I've been singing it all weekend. I can't believe that ProTour Productions and Armed Forces Entertainment brought us to the base and I was able to entertain the troops just as the Andrews Sisters did back then. It's pretty incredible to be part of something so meaningful. As I think of returning home to my family and to my "normal" routine tomorrow, I am so humbled by the sacrifices our military personnel make every day. Thank you so much for service and all you do for our country. To the men and women of Soto Cano, thank you so much for hosting us, teaching us about your efforts, and giving us an experience of a lifetime!


It includes warnings of upcoming dangers as well as pointers us in the right directions regarding business and personal life decisions. On the occasion of flue Ladies' Night, Friday, November mi, 1895. Hoepli 5, 20121 Milano - Italy Tel. We submit these words to you, the reader, to prayerfully consider and ponder in your heart, allowing the Holy Spirit to lead you in all God has for you in 2018. It includes warnings of upcoming dangers as well as pointers us in the right directions regarding business and personal life decisions. About this Item: Chicago: Ziff-Davis Publishing Company 1st Edition, 1948.
Olivier, Ultrasonic Vocalizations by Rat Pups as an Animal Model for Anxiolytic Activity: Effects of Serotonergic Drugs. A copy that has been read, but remains in clean condition. The spine may show signs of wear. We believe that even though the words were received in 2013 they are still brand new and current. All pages are intact, and the cover is intact.
From United Kingdom to U. . If the book is a multi volume set then this is only a single volume. Hamon, Reversal of Helpless Behaviour in Rats by Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors. About this Item: University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor Paperbacks, 1965. Sewn perfect bound for longer life. While the events described are busy happening right now, you are called upon to pray for the safety of people and for governments and businesses to make the right decision.
From United Kingdom to U. Archer, The Behavioural Pharmacology of Serotonin in Pain Processes. Leander, Effects of Selective Serotonergic Agonists on Palatability-Induced Ingestion. Hamon, Reversal of Helpless Behaviour in Rats by Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors. About this Item: Forgotten Books, United States, 2018. Archer, The Behavioural Pharmacology of Serotonin in Pain Processes.
We are professionally publishing these works using the classic text and artwork. Sewn perfect bound for longer life. This gives the saints a strategic prayer guide as well as wisdom to act and prepare for the remarkable times we are living in. Digital photos available on request for any book. Illustrations if any are also in black and white.
These prophetic words will also position the individual and the body of Christ to rightly receive all God has for His people this coming season. Olivier, Ultrasonic Vocalizations by Rat Pups as an Animal Model for Anxiolytic Activity: Effects of Serotonergic Drugs. About this Item: American Heritage Publishing Co. About this Item: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, United States, 2014. A copy that has been read, but remains in clean condition. At ThriftBooks, our motto is: Read More, Spend Less.
Pray over these words, believe them and see the Lord fulfil His word for you. Silverstone, Pharmacological Evidence for the Involvement of Serotonergic Mechanisms in Human Feeding. We are proud to offer numerous titles all at incredible prices with worldwide delivery to over 100 countries. A used copy with normal reading wear. Find more at This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Enjoy reading with a real book in your hands. Olivier, Ultrasonic Vocalizations by Rat Pups as an Animal Model for Anxiolytic Activity: Effects of Serotonergic Drugs.
These prophetic words will also position the individual and the body of Christ to rightly receive all God has for His people this coming season. These words were received on the first weekend of August 2015 during a time of separation to seek the Lord and hear His voice and guidance for the coming season. Olivier, Ultrasonic Vocalizations by Rat Pups as an Animal Model for Anxiolytic Activity: Effects of Serotonergic Drugs. Janssen, Ritanserin R 55 667 , an Original Thymosthenic. The image if shown any is for reference only so that you can be sure of the book title before buying. Bevan, Modulatory Action of Serotonin in Aggressive Behaviour. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy.
About this Item: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, United States, 2014. The book is printed in black and white. Willner, Towards a Theory of Serotonergic Dysfunction in Depression. Original Publisher: London : Printed for J. Kirk from his cadet days at the Academy to his desk days as admiral; from confrontations with ancient gods to clashes with Klingons and Romulans. The God Said series has proven to be a great blessing over many years to the body of Christ as most of these words were actually fulfilled. Janssen, Ritanserin R 55 667 , an Original Thymosthenic.
God Said 2018 is a power packed prophetic book! Dust Jacket Condition: very good. Pierson, Stimulus Properties of Arylpiperazine Second Generation Anxiolytics. Pierson, Stimulus Properties of Arylpiperazine Second Generation Anxiolytics. The God Said series has proven to be a great blessing over many years to the body of Christ as most of these words were actually fulfilled. South, Rapid Training of the Stimulus Properties of Selective 5-Hydroxtryptamine1A Agonists.


Pick a fandom. Any fandom. It's easy to spot the serious fans. They're intense, they know everybody's backstory. And then some.
When it's important to you, you want details.
In Sunday's Gospel (Luke), the people hearing John get it. They understand that John's message (both what he's saying and the baptism of repentance) is life changing. And they're ready to go there, to change their lives in response.
They want to know exactly how to do it. They want details. It's that important.


Real Madrid have become complacent while watching Barcelona "reinvent themselves", according to former midfielder Victor Sanchez.
La Liga leaders Barca were held to a surprise 0-0 draw by Getafe on Sunday, but still hold a 17-point lead over the champions, who sit fourth.
Madrid also suffered a shock Copa del Rey exit at the hands of Leganes and must beat Paris Saint-Germain in the last 16 of the Champions League if they are to keep alive their hopes of a third successive triumph in Europe.
Victor, who progressed through Madrid's youth ranks and won La Liga and the Champions League with the senior team, believes his old club have paid the price for resting on their laurels this term.
"Complacency is the biggest enemy of high performance," he told AS.
"Real Madrid were in an uncomfortable place for a few years because they had to try to compete with the best ever Barcelona team. That situation is a motivating factor in itself, it makes you be more proactive and keeps you out of the comfort zone.
"In the last two years, Real Madrid managed to achieve their target, becoming the number one team with a quality squad which allowed the coach to put out two completely different starting line-ups capable of competing at the highest level.
"What has happened since they achieved that success? Performance levels have dipped. While Barca have reinvented themselves, thanks to their newfound motivation to get back to the top, Real Madrid seem to have let complacency creep in. You need to combat complacency."
Victor feels head coach Zinedine Zidane must do his part to stamp any arrogance out of the squad, having steered Madrid to eight major trophies in two years in charge.
"It's obviously one of the coach's responsibilities, but the director of football and his staff also share part of that responsibility," said Victor, who was sacked by Real Betis in May last year.
"They need to work within a defined strategic framework, so that everyone is working in the same direction. That's one of the most difficult and exciting parts of our job. You have to maintain high levels of motivation, effort and commitment...you have to keep those levels as high as possible and avoid the natural human tendency to relax once you've achieved a target.
"You have to fight against complacency and stop anyone from entering the comfort zone. When you get that right, the players grow and their performances improve and you also help the club increase the value of its most important assets, its players."


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HomeColumnsVoices of Polonia
ColumnsThis Month in PrintPrevious This Month in PrintTed RajchalVoices of Polonia
By uticaphoenix
Voices of Polonia: by Ted Rajchal
Polish Underground Resistance
Polish Underground Resistance Movement During World War II
The Polish underground resistance movement in World War II, with the Polish Home Army at its forefront, was the largest underground resistance movement in all of occupied Europe, covering both Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia zones of occupation. The Polish resistance underground movement is most notable for disrupting German supply lines to the Eastern front, damaging or destroying 1/8 of all rail transports, providing 43% of all reports from occupied Europe, providing intelligence agencies reports to all British intelligence groups, and for saving more Jewish lives in the Holocaust than any other western allied organization or government. It was a part of the Polish underground resistance movement.
The Largest of All Polish Resistance Organizations
The largest of all Polish underground resistance organizations was the Armia Krajowa (Home Army, AK), loyal to the Polish government in exile in London. The AK was formed in 1942 from the Union of Armed Struggle, itself created in 1939, and would eventually incorporate most other Polish armed underground resistance movement groups (except for the communists and some far-right groups). It was the military arm of the Polish underground resistance movement and loyal to the Polish government in exile. "Within the framework of the entire enemy intelligence operations directed against Nazi German, the intelligence service of the Polish resistance movement assumed major significance. The scope and importance of the operations of the Polish Underground Resistance movement, which was put together down to the smallest detail group and brilliantly organized.
The Size of the Underground Resistance Groups
In February, 1942, when (Home Army, AK) was formed, it numbered about 100,000 members. In the beginning of 1943, it had reached a strength of about 200,000. In the summer of 1944 when Operation Tempest began, AK (Home Army) reached its highest membership numbers, though the estimates vary from 300,000 to 500.000, the strength of the second largest underground resistance movement organizations. Peasant's battalions, can be estimated for summer, 1944 (at which time they were mostly merged with AK (Home Army), at about 650,000. The Polish underground resistance movement have often been described as the largest or one of the largest underground resistance movement organizations in World War II Europe.
Underground Resistance Actions
In March, 1940 a partisan unit of the first guerrilla commanders in the Second World War in Europe under Major Henry K. Dobrzanski completely destroyed a battalion of German infantry in a skirmish near the village of Huctska. A few days later in an ambush near the village of Szatasy, it inflicted heavy casualties upon another German unit. To counter this threat the German authorities formed a special 1,000 men strong group. Counter insurgency unit of combined SS—Wehrmacht forces, including a panzer group. Although the unlit of Major Dobranski never exceeded 300 men, the Germans fielded at least 8,000 men in the area to secure it.
In 1940 Witold Pilecki, an intelligence officer for the Polish resistance presented to his superiors a plan to enter Germany's Auschwitz concentration camp, gather intelligence on the camp from inside and organize inmate resistance. The Home Army approved this plan, provided him a false identity card, and on the 19th of September, 1940, he deliberately went out during a street roundup in Warsaw and was caught by the Germans along with other civilians and sent to Auschwitz. In the camp he organized the underground resistance movement. In October, 1940 he sent his first report about the camp and the genocide though November, 1940 to Home Army Headquarters in Warsaw through the resistance network organized in Auschwitz. During the night of 21, 22 of January, 1940, in the Soviet-occupied Pololian Town of Czortkow, the Czortkow uprising started; it was the first Polish uprising during World War II. Anti- Soviet Poles, most of them teenagers high schools, stormed the local Red Army barracks and a prison, in order to release Polish soldiers kept there.
At the end of 1940 Aleksander Kaminski created a Polish Youth resistance organization, known as "Wawer". It was part of the underground Polish scouting association. This organization carried out many minor sabotage operations in occupied Poland. Its first action was drawing graffiti in Warsaw around Christmas Eve of 1940 commemorating the Wawer massacre. Members of the AK (Home Army) Wawer "small sabotage" at first painted "pomsciny Wawer" (we'll avenge Wawer) on Warsaw walls. At first they painted the whole text, then to save time, they shortened it to two letters, P and W.
Later they invented " anchor" which became the symbol of all Polish resistance in occupied Poland. From April, 1941 the Bureau of Information and Propaganda of the Union for Armed Struggle started operation "N" headed by Tadeusz Zenczykowski. It involved sabotage, subversion, and black-propaganda activities.
From March, 1941, Witold Pilecki's reports were forwarded to the Polish government in exile in London to the Britiish and other allied governments. These reports informed the Allies about the Holocaust and were the principal source of intelligence on Auschwitz-Birkenau for the western Allies.
In July, 1941 Mieczyslaw Slowikowski, using the code name "Rygor"—Polish for "Rigor", set up "Agency Africa", one of World War II's most successful intelligence organizations. His Polish allies in these endeavors included Lt. Col. Gwido Langer and Major Maksymilian Ciezki. The information gathered by the agency was used by the Americans and British in planning the amphibious November, 1942 Operation Torch, landing in North Africa. These were the first large-scale allied landing of the war and their success in turn paved the way for the Allies' Italian campaign.
In September, 1942 "The Zegota Council for the aid of the Jews" was founded by Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz ("Alinka") and made up of Polish Democrats as well as other Catholic activists. Poland was the only country in Occupied Europe where there exited such a dedicated secret organization. Half of the Jews who survived the war ( over 50,000) were aided in some shape or form by Zegota.
The best-known activist of Zegota was Irena Sendler, head of the children's division, who saved 2,500 Jewish children by smuggling them out of the Warsaw Ghetto, providing them with false documents, and sheltering them in individual and group children's homes outside the ghetto.
The Zamose uprising was an armed uprising of Armia Kratowa (Home Army) and Bataliony Chlopskie against the forced expulsion of Poles from the Zamosc. The Germans attempted to remove the local Poles from the Greater Zamosc area (through forced removal, transfer to forced labor camps, or, in some cases, mass murder) to get it ready for German colonization. It lasted from 1942 until 1944 and despite heavy casualties suffered by the underground, the Germans failed. On the night from the seventh through the eighth of October, 1942, Operation Wieniec started. It targeted rail infrastructure near Warsaw. Similar operations aimed at disrupting and harrying German transport and communication supply depots, primarily near transport hubs such as Warsaw and Lublin. In early 1943 two Polish janitors of Peenemunde's Camp Trassen Heide provided maps, sketches, and reports to Armia Krajowa intelligence (Home Army), and in June, 1943 British intelligence had received two such reports which identified the "rocket assembly hall", experimental launching tower. When reconnaissance and intelligence information regarding the V-2 rocket became convincing, the war cabinet defense committee operations direct the campaign's first planned raid (the operation Hydra Bombing of Peenemunde in August 1943) and Operation Crossbow. From November, 1943, Operation Most III started. The Armia Krajowa (Home Army) provided the Allies with crucial intelligence on the German V-2 rocket. In effect, some 50kg of the most important parts of the captured V-2, as well as the final report. Analysis, sketches and photos, were reported to Brindisi by Royal Air Force Douglas Dakota aircraft. In late July, 1944, the V-2 parts were delivered to London. In 1943 in London, Jan Kakrski met the much known journalist Arthur Kosestler. He then traveled to the United States and reported to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. His report was a major factor in informing the West. In July, 1943, he again personally reported to Roosevelt about the situation in Poland. Various acts of sabotage performed during World War II against Nazi Germany was 25,145 sabotage resistance actions, a number of sources that note that the Home Army, representing the bulk of Polish resistance underground movement conducted against Nazi Germany.
Polish Underground Resistance Movement During World War II Background
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The Quarterly Christian Spectator
embarrassed to know whence they came, as we can be now to find the origin of our own.'
It having been clearly ascertained, from the studies of Cuvier, that the fossil annimals are more and more removed in their affinities to existing species, in proportion to the increasing antiquity of the inclosing strata ; the opinion was advanced, that the present races are only varieties of such as are extinct, the deviations of the former from the latter being occasioned solely by time: an idea not very remote from that which believes all the forms of animal life to have originated in a single species. If this theory be in any degree true, it is plain, that zoology is despoiled at once of its highest interest, and thrown from the only basis upon which, as a science, it can rest, viz., the permanent distinction of its species; and the naturalist is thenceforth compelled to regard himself as occupied with the fluctuating forms of a recent and fortuitous origin, instead of being engaged in the study of objects endued with the same properties they exhibited when they came fresh from the Creator's hand, and which they are destined to preserve entire until the end of the present order of things. Cuvier refutes this infidel notion by a single objection,—that of not finding intermediate modifications between an animal of the former and the present world, even when it approaches it most nearly : there still remains an obvious saltus from the one form to the other, which no individuals can be summoned to fill up by an insensible gradation. He further cites, in support of this opinion, which is, and ever bas been, the conviction of good naturalists, that skeletons of animals left by the Egyptians, three thousand years ago, are precisely identical with the structure of similar species living at this day.
The first volumes of another great work, worthy, from the depth of research, and the exhaustion with which the subject is treated, to have been the sole labor of any man's life, began to appear in 1828. Its title is," Natural History of Fishes, containing more than five thousand species of these animals, described after nature, and distributed according to their affinities, with observations on their anatomy, and critical researches on their nomenclature, ancient as well as modern." It was intended to be embraced in twenty volumes, eight of which only had appeared previous to the author's death. Fortunately for science, M. Valenciennes, professor of mollusca at the Garden of Plants, had been associated with Cuvier in this undertaking, under whose supervision the remaining volumes will soon appear. Materials adequate to four or five more volumes, it is understood, were left among the papers of Cuvier.
But we cannot but be struck by the immense addition to the
number of species made by Cuvier, as indicated by the title of the work. Linnæus had ascertained but 471 species, and De Lacepede, the next writer of authority previous to Cuvier, but 1500: whence it appears that some thousands of species were determined by our author, which had escaped previous detection among naturalists.
The first volume embraces a historical view of the progress of ichthyology, drawn up with the most critical accuracy, dating from the earliest notices of this class of animals among the Egyptians, Phænicians, and Carthaginians, and brought down to the present time. To which succeeds, the various classifications which have been proposed, and a general idea of the nature and organization of fishes. From this last we make a short extract, as exemplifying the sprightly, aphoristic style in which even the generalities of the subject are sometimes treated in this work.
Being aquatic, that is to say, living in a liquid which is beavier, and offers more resistance than air, their forces for motion have been necessarily disposed and calculated for progression, and elevation, which is also accomplished by them with ease. Hence arises that form of body which offers least resistance, the chief seat of muscular force residing in the tail, the brevity of their members, the expansibility of these members, and the membranes which support them, the smooth or scaly teguments, and the total absence of hairs or feathers. Breathing only through the medium of water, that is, for the purpose of giving an arterial nature to their blood, profiting by the small quantity of oxygen contained in the air which is mingled with the water, their blood is necessarily cold, and their vitality, the energy of their senses and movenents, are consequently less than in mammalia and birds. Their brain, therefore, or rather a composition similar to it, is proportionably much smaller, and the external organs of their senses are not of a nature to admit of powerful impressions. Fishes, in fact, are, of all vertebrated animals, those which have the least apparent signs of sensibility. Having no elastic air at their disposal, they have remained mute, or nearly so; and all those sentiments awakened or sustained by the voice, have remained unknown to them. Their eyes, almost immovable, their bony and rigid countenance, their members deprived of inflection, and every part moving at the same time, do not leave them any power of varying their physiognomy, or expressing their emotions. Their ear, enclosed on every side by the bones of the skull, without external couch or internal labyrinth, and composed only of a few bags and membranous canals, scarcely allows thein to distinguish the most striking sounds; and, in fact, in exquisite sense of hearing would be of very little use to those destined to live in the empire of silence, and around whom all are mute. Their sight, in the depths of their abode, would be little exercised, if the greater number of the species had not, by the size of their eyes, been enabled to supply the deficiency of light; but even in these species, the eye scarcely changes its direction ; 'still less can it change its dimensions, and accommodate itself to the dis
tance of objects ; its iris neither dilates nor contracts, and its pupil mains the same in every degree of light. No tear bathes their ey no eye-lid soothes or protects it ; and in fishes, it is but a feeble repp sentation of that beautiful
, brilliant, and animated organ of the high classes of animals. Procuring food by swimming after a prey, whi also swims with greater or less rapidity, and having no means of seizi this prey but by swallowing it, a delicate sense of taste would hai been useless to fishes, had nature bestowed it on them. But the tongue, almost immovable, often long, or armed with dentated plate and only receiving a few slender nerves, show us that tbis organ is little sensible as it is necessary. Smell, even, cannot be as continual exercised by fishes, as by animals which breathe air in a direct manne and whose nostrils are unceasingly traversed by odoriferous vapor Lastly, we come to the touch, which, from the surface of their bodi being encircled by scales, by the inflexibility of the rays of their men bers, and by the dryness of the membranes which envelop them, hi been obliged to seek refuge at the end of their lips; and even these, i some species, are reduced to a dry and insensible hardness."
But the foregoing works by no means exhaust the catalogue Cuvier's labors. It has been already mentioned, that he was mad perpetual secretary to the Class of Physical and Mathematica Sciences of the Institute, in 1803. This situation devolved upoi him the duty of making the annual reports of the labors of thi body in their department. And when it is remembered, that the learned throughout the world were in the habit of communicating to the academy their discoveries, it will be obvious, how laborious and responsible must have been the task of its secretaries. It was no less a duty with Cuvier, than of being the historian o science during his whole life. These labors appear in the transactions of the academy, under the head of " Analyses des Parties Physiques des Travaux de l'Academie des Sciences ;" and comprehend meteorology and natural philosophy in general; chimistry and physics, properly so called, when the explanation of the facts did not demand calculation ; mineralogy and geology ; anaiomy and physiology ; zoology and travels, connected with the advancement of natural science ; medicine and surgery; the veterinary art and agriculture. The industry and ability requisite for these labors, must indeed have been immense ; and in the performance of them, he acquired such a reputation for universal attainment and impartial justice, as can scarcely ever again be awarded to any individual under similar circumstances.
In the character of secretary to the academy, he was called upon to deliver eulogies upon those deceased members of that association who cultivated the physical departments. It is obvious, that he would possess the happiest qualifications for this duty,
* The salaries of the perpetual secretaries were fixed by Napoleon at 6000 francs
o bis perfect intimacy with the progress of natural science; I accordingly we find, that these discourses have been among most popular of his writings. They were originally published the academy, as they appeared; but have since been collected
three volumes by themselves, to which a fourth is probably this time added. To give the reader an idea of the happy edom with which he could treat topics the most remote from ordinary studies, and at the same time to give a specimen of e agreeable naïveté of these performances, we shall make several tracts from his eulogy on Dr. Priestley, selecting, in particular, ose passages relating to his theological tenets, and the misfornes they brought upon him. *His history will disclose to you, as it were, two different, I might Dost say opposite, characters. The one, a circumspect natural phisopher, examines only the objects that come under the empire of exrience,-employs in his progress a cautious and rigorous logic,--allows mself to cherish neither theories nor prejudices,--seeks only after oth, whatever it may be, and almost always discovers and establishes in the most solid and brilliant manner. The other, a rash theolojan, handles with audacious boldness the most mysterious questions,ontemns the belief of ages,-rejects the most revered authorities, omes into the lists with pre-conceived opinions,--seeks to maintain ather than examine them, --and in order to support them, plunges bimself into the most contradictory hypotheses. The first tranquilly delivers over his discoveries to the examination of the learned. They are establisbed without difficulty, and procure for him an unchallenged reputation. The latter surrounds himself with warlike apparatus, arms himself with learning and metaphysics, attacks every sect, shakes every dogma, and shocks the conscience of all, by the keenness with which he seems to aim at their subjection.
It is against the man of heaven, the minister of peace, that earthly weapons are employed : it is he who is accused of exciting hatred, of provoking vengeance, of disturbing society. The profane philosopher,
the contrary, is respected by all : every one admits that he only professes to defend truth by reason ; that he only employs his discoveries for the good of society; that he only uses mildness and modesty
He passed successfully through four religions, before he ventured to publish any thing on the subject. Educated in all the severity of the Presbyterian communion, to which we give the name of Calvinistic, and in all the asperity of the doctrine of predestination, as taught by Gomar, he hardly began to reflect, when he torned toward the milder doctrine of Arminius. But in proportion as he advanced, it seemed as if he always found too much to believe. He therefore came to adopt the opinions of the Arians. Arianism, while it declares Christ to be a creature, yet believes him to be endowed with a superior nature, produced before the world, and the instrument of the Creator in the production of other beings. Priestley, after professing it for a long time, abandoned it in its turn, to become a Unitarian, or what we call a Socinian.
in bis writings.
There are, perhaps, very few among those who hear me, that have ever been informed in what the two sects differ. The Socinians deor the pre-existence of Christ, and regard him only as
a man, although they revere him as the Savior of the world, and admit that the divine nature was united to him for this great work. This subtle shade of difference between the two heresies occupied, for thirty years, a preeminence which the most important questions in science might well hare challenged, and led Priestley to produce incomparably more volnmes than he ever wrote on the different gases.'
After having detailed his creed with scrupulous nicety, be continues :
• It is not necessary for me to pronounce here, upon questions so widely different from the studies which call us together, and which besides have been so often debated; it is enough to have been obliged to relate them. But it belongs to my subject to say, that Priestler supported them but too ably. His adversaries themselves acknowledged that he possessed a vast erudition, and a specious art in combining and directing his resources; they unanimously speak of bim 25 one of the most powerful controversialists of these latter times, and as one of the most dangerous enemies of orthodoxy.
Writers of this description are not now dreaded in the catholic church, where authority alone is the arbiter of faith, and where the WTtings that oppose its doctrines remain unknown to the great body of the faithful." But in protestant countries, where every thing is submitted to argument, there continually reigns a sort of intestine war; the theologians are always in arms; the empire of mind is a bait constantly offered to their ambition, and where dialectics may still make vast conquests. This was apparently what Priestley attempted; and who will not pardon him? Power is so seducing ; and that of which persuasion alone is the instrument, appears so gentle.
Perhaps he also had the weakness to think, that, in these incredulous times, it was necessary to lighten the faith, as in stormy weather a ship is cleared of the most cumbersome part of its freight
. In fact, it might be thought that, after rejecting so many doctrines, he had but one additional step to make, to fall into absolute infidelity ; but this he did not do. On the contrary, in theology, as in physics, he wished to occupy a station by bimself, however perilous it might be, and be trusted to his courage for its defense. He could not suffer any to proceed farther than himself, nor could he bear to fall short of the point which he occupied. Sometimes he attacked the orthodox ; at other times repulsed the supporters of infidelity : and, in short, hardly there appeared in Europe a work, that seemed in the slightest degree directed either against revelation in general, or the manner in which it was explained. that he did not think himself obliged to refute. His activity was without bounds in this sort of war. Atheists, Deists, Jews, Anads, Quakers, Methodists, Calvinists, Episcopalians and Catholics, had all alike to combat him. There are works of his against each of these creeds in particular, and I should with difficulty finish, were merely to mention their titles.' (Edinburgh New Phil. Jour. 1827.)


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Home Article Taylor Swift surprised Couple with a bottle of Champagne during their Nuptials
Taylor Swift surprised Couple with a bottle of Champagne during their Nuptials
Updated On 17 Jul, 2018 Published On 20 Mar, 2018
Taylor Swift surprised Couple Imagine Edward and Margaret McNoble in their Wedding; She sent a bottle of Champagne alongside a note; Also, see..
Taylor Swift surprised her fans, Imagine Edward and Margaret McNoble during their wedding by sending a bottle of champagne.
Taylor Swift sent a bottle of Champagne during a fan's wedding.
She also sent a note and congratulated the couple.
Taylor previously crashed a fan's wedding in 2016.
They certainly are lucky!
Imagine Edward and Margaret McNoble never expected their marriage ceremony will feature a bottle of champagne which was sent directly to them by the one and only Taylor Swift.
Can anyone be so lucky? The wedding ceremony was held at East Meadow, New York.
Taylor Swift surprised her fans as she sent them a bottle of Champagne
Source: NME
As soon as the duo reached the venue, guests told them that there is a special gift waiting for them and turned out the gift was from none other than Swift.
The bottle of champagne was delivered through The Carltun. With the bottle, the singer also sent a hand-written letter for the pair. In the note, it was written,
"Rumor has it you might be using my song in your wedding celebration which makes me so happy! Here's to this amazing day of your continuing love story. Love, Taylor."
Imagine and Margaret never had the slightest of clue regards to that would happen.
While talking about the surprise, the pair stated,
"When we got to the wedding venue, they told us, 'There [is] a special gift upstairs for you from a very special person.'"
The duo added,
"It was awesome. It was such a great day. With all the moving parts, this was a great surprise! To get a bottle of Dom is a very nice gift, and then to see it's from Taylor Swift is an even better gift!"
The couple was using Taylor's song Welcome To New York as they walked in and Love Story for their first wedding dance. Taylor herself would've attended the wedding but she was in Los Angeles.
This isn't the first time she surprised her fans. Back in 2016, she crashed one of her fan's wedding day and sang the song Blank Space for their first wedding song.


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