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El cantón de Savines-le-Lac era una división administrativa francesa, que estaba situada en el departamento de Altos Alpes y la región de Provenza-Alpes-Costa Azul.

Composición
El cantón estaba formado por seis comunas:
 Le Sauze-du-Lac
 Puy-Saint-Eusèbe
 Puy-Sanières
 Réallon
 Saint-Apollinaire
 Savines-le-Lac

Supresión del cantón de Savines-le-Lac

En aplicación del Decreto n.º 2014-193 de 20 de febrero de 2014, el cantón de Savines-le-Lac fue suprimido el 22 de marzo de 2015 y sus 6 comunas pasaron a formar parte del nuevo cantón de Chorges.

Referencias

Savines-le-Lac

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Accused Hit-and-Run Driver: "I Was Drunk But OK to Drive"
A Maryland man admitted to News4 he was drinking alcohol before he struck and injured a Maryland State Police trooper stopped on the side of the Beltway early Tuesday morning.
"I was drunk but OK to drive," said 42-year-old Franklin Hernandez of Hyattsville.
Hernandez told News4's Chris Gordon he drank five beers in about 30 minutes.
A 2005 Chevrolet Equinox driven by Hernandez struck 30-year-old Corporal Brian Hirsch at about 2 a.m. while he was standing on the right shoulder of the Inner Loop, police said.
He and another trooper had been conducting a vehicle search on the Beltway near the Greenbelt Metro station; the two troopers had parked on the shoulder with emergency lights on.
Hernandez initially failed to stop, but pulled over a short distance later, police said in a press release. He told News4's Chris Gordon he thought he hit the car, not the trooper.
"He was demonstrating some indications that he was impaired," Maryland State Police Sgt. Marc Black Sr. said.
He was charged with violations of the move over law as well as driving under the influence, failing to stop after a collision involving injury and negligent driving.
"I am so sorry about that and so embarrassed," Hernandez said. "Believe me if I can do something, I will."
Hirsch, an 11-year veteran of the force, is recovering.
The crash brings new attention to Maryland's "move over" law. That law, which took effect in October 2010 but has seen increased enforcement this summer, requires drivers approaching an emergency vehicle parked in the emergency lane to move over at least one full lane if possible.
In October 2013, the law was expanded to include tow truck drivers as well as police, fire and other emergency workers.


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Fifa not a circus, says Blatter, as he hands over R560mFifa not a circus, says Blatter, as he hands over R560m
The World Cup was "not a circus", Fifa president Sepp Blatter said at the launch of the 2010 Fifa World Cup Legacy Trust for South Africa on Monday.
Fifa did not come into a country, "putting up some tents, and then, when everything is over, taking everything away," he said at the launch at Johannesburg's Soccer City.
Comedy scriptwriters dream of this sort of stuff, especially when Blatter followed it with: "Money is not so important for us, to say how much we put here or there."
This attempt at modesty by the president of the football world governing body that made an estimated $3,2-billion solely from sponsorship deals and television rights for the World Cup in South Africa came as Fifa announced that the trust will have a start-up budget of $80-million (R560-million).
The R560-million comes from profits on ticket sales during the World Cup, which amounted in total sales to R5,1-billion, according to a PricewaterhouseCoopers study of global sports, entitled Back on Track?, which was released in August.
The trust will cater for football development, education and humanitarian projects in South Africa.
South Africa's outlay for the tournament, inclusive of infrastructure development, R665-million overtime paid to police during the tournament, and other additional expenditure, including marketing and government and parastatals purchasing match tickets, has been conservatively estimated at between R60-billion and R100-billion.
At the launch President Jacob Zuma declared that the tournament alone had contributed one percentage point to South Africa's GDP. That, coupled with "very specific infrastructure development", translated into "enormous" economic benefits for South Africa.
A slightly rose-tinted spin, commented Udesh Pillay, executive director of the Human Sciences Research Council and author of the book Development and Dreams: The Urban Legacy of the 2010 World Cup.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Posts from October 2017.
U.S. Chamber issues hard-hitting report on OFCCP
By Cara Crotty on 10.25.17
Citing personal experiences of its members, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce has released a harsh critique of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs. The Report, entitled "Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs: Right Mission, Wrong Tactics," recommends specific actions the OFCCP should take to improve both its enforcement efforts and its relationship with the contractor community.
Criticisms based on OFCCP's aggression and antagonism toward contractors
The Chamber begins its Report with this description of the Agency:
OFCCP has become an agency that appears to focus more on garnering splashy headlines and securing high-dollar settlements than it does simply pursuing its admirable, if at times, unglamorous mission. As this white paper demonstrates, OFCCP is too often antagonistic toward the regulated community, ignores myriad and effective diversity efforts undertaken by contractors, engages in overly broad and unreasonable fishing expeditions for employment data, and pursues take it or leave it conciliation efforts.
OFCCP updates complaint form
By Cara Crotty on 10.8.17
Although not best-known for investigating individual complaints of discrimination, the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs can -- and will -- do just that.
The Agency recently announced that its complaint form had been updated. It can now be completed electronically and submitted automatically to an OFCCP regional office. The form can also be transmitted from mobile devices.
The updated form asks complainants to state why they believe the employer discriminated or retaliated against them. In addition to the traditional bases, such as race, national origin, and sex, the form also allows individuals to select newly protected characteristics:
Inquiring About Pay
Discussing Pay
Disclosing Pay


text:
In early 2012, the new gTLD program initiated by ICANN enabled the largest expansion of the domain name system with the main aim to enhance innovation, competition, and consumer choice. New gTLDs were first introduced in October 2013 and by the end of 2014, hundreds of new gTLDs made their way into the Internet architecture. 2019 will now mark 5 years since the first new gTLDs came online and after a few rocky years, new gTLDs may finally be finding their niche in the marketplace. And this comes as no surprise!
Anyone who has ever tried to buy domain names is likely to have experienced a problem that has plagued the World Wide Web since its inception – domain name unavailability. With legacy TLDs like .com remaining the most popular choice all this while, it's difficult to get good, precise and short dot-com domain names. Also, the prices for short, one-word .com domains in the aftermarket are increasing and are being sold for millions of dollars in domain auctions, the highest bid until now is Insure.com, which was sold for a whopping $16 million. While the .com extension certainly is not going away any time soon (not with over 145 million domains registered as of December 2018), small and large brands alike are now gravitating towards the many hyper-specific alternative extensions available today. According to Verisign, one in five domain name registrations in the last year was on a new gTLD!
Domain Registration Dynamics In New GTLDs From Jan 2016 – Jan 2018
Source: https://domainnamestat.com/statistics/tldtype/new
For the first 3 years, since the introduction of new gTLDs in 2013, less than 10 million domains were registered with new extensions. But with the exponential growth of the web, and the growing demand for domains for personal, professional, organizational, service or even national usage, people started seeing the various advantages that these new TLDs have over legacy TLDs (which we will discuss later in the blog) for their businesses.
Yearly Break Down Of The Graph
Total Domains Registered
Domains Registered in A Period
December 2015 Approx. 9.5 million 9.5 million domains registered in 3 years
December 2016 Approx. 16 million 6.5 million domains registered in one year
December 2017 Approx. 25 million 9 million domains registered in one year
December 2018 Approx. 46 million 22.5 million domains registered in one year
In the year 2017 itself, 9 million domain names were registered – the same number of registrations that took nearly 3 years initially. Domain under the new gTLDs for 2018 totals some 22.5 million – up 11% from the previous year. For instance, .app, a new entrant launched by Google, exploded into the market in the middle of the year and has around 320K domains so far.
This tidal wave of new TLDs can be also seen with .info and .top joining the ranks in the top 10 registered domain TLDs, with legacy TLDs in such a short span.
Registrations Distribution, By TLD
Source: https://domainnamestat.com/statistics/tldtype/all
Some of the reasons for the shift to new TLDs in the recent past can be credited to:
Saturation in more traditional domain name endings like .com, and country code TLDs (such as .uk, .tk and .cn).
Low registration costs, volume discounts, and refund policies making them economically viable.
More lenient regulations and ease in registration; people don't face many issues in accessing their choice of domain names.
Besides these practical reasons, the new gTLDs can be very specific and businesses can opt for TLDs to define their business by
1) Geo Domain Names
Domain extensions representing a business, organization, cultural establishments, or even an individual's location can be very helpful in strengthening regional business areas and cater to people of the same region where they are based out of. E.g .nyc, london, .dubai, etc.
2) Specialty Domain Names
Professionals in specific specializations can have domain extensions that can explicitly mention the services they offer. E.g. .lawyer, .plumber, .design, .training, etc.
3) Generic Domain Names
Domain extensions that are open for anyone to register, without or with few restrictions. E.g. .info, .books, .cars, .guru, etc.
4) Brand Domain Names
New TLDs applied by companies to represent their brand. These are great for Fortune 500 companies who can now bring their entire products and service portfolio under the same umbrella. Those include .nike, .google, .ibm, .bmw, to name a few. Unfortunately, most of these won't be open for registration by the public.
5) Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs)
The introduction of IDN – domains in non-Latin scripts – are enabling a multilingual Internet and allowing people to navigate the web in their own language. Some of the different language scripts that are available are: Arabic, Chinese, Greek, Devanagari and more.
With an increasing number of new strings available to the public or to some specific organizations – a total of 1,222 at present, new gTLDs have the potential to be the future of the internet. In our next blog, we will talk about how these extensions are opening doors to new branding and identity options for businesses of all sizes. Stay tuned!
Previous: Code Signing Certificates
Next: Professionals That Benefit From a WHOIS Database Download


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Iowa State University Applied Linguistics Program
Graduate Student Funding
Ph.D. in Applied Linguistics and Technology
M.A. in TESL/Applied Linguistics
TESL/TEFL Graduate Certificate
Graduate Minor in Linguistics
B.A. in Linguistics
English Placement Test
ESL Courses
ENGL 220 Test Out
Intensive English Orientation Program
Center for Communication Excellence
Journal Editorships
CALL Research Lab
Soundproof Booth
Small Research Grants for Students
ESL Classroom Research
IEOP Classroom Research
Brownbag Series
Applied Linguistics Faculty
M.A. Alumni
Projects are presented within the three areas of emphasis of our programs in applied linguistics– language assessment, language learning and teaching, linguistic analysis, and applied linguistics. They were categorized on the basis of their primary current emphasis even though most projects are influenced by and will ultimately contribute to more than one area.
Daytime Moon on the Campanile
(Photo credit to Volker Hegelheimer)
1. Language Assessment
Projects in language assessment explore issues in the development use and validation of assessments for a variety of purposes.
Carol Chapelle is working on increasing the use of argument-based validity in language testing as well as in educational and psychological testing. Her forthcoming book, Argument-based validity in testing and assessment, presents the academic and professional concepts for developing and interpreting validity arguments. It is intended as a reference that describes the basics of argument-based validity to a broad audience. A second volume, Validity argument in language testing: Case studies of argument-based validation research (edited with Erik Voss, forthcoming) presents validity argument as it has been used in language testing and illustrates the use of validity argument in chapters in multiple different language assessment projects.
Elena Cotos' and Yooree Chung's project on validating the interpretation of TOEFL iBT® Speaking Scores investigates functional language use in the lecture, recitation, and lab curriculum genres of the academic ITA contexts to determine whether the language functions elicited by TOEFL iBT® Speaking tasks are representative of language functions used in the target domain. Implications of relevance to theory and research are also expected, as the results may inform task design, test use, and further investigations of the validity of TOEFL iBT® for instructional settings. This work is funded by Educational Testing Service.
Elena Cotos is working with Hyejin Yang to validate the diagnostic uses of R-PLAT, a web-based rating platform used in the Oral English Certification Test (OECT) at ISU. R-PLAT captures multiple aspects of language performance that can serve as diagnostic evidence. Empirical insights are sought to support the judgmental assumption that the diagnostic descriptors recorded via R-PLAT are indicative of target speaking ability levels used for placement into proficiency-based levels of the course.
Bethany Gray's project on the longitudinal development of grammatical complexity in speech and writing analyzes data from the TOEFL iBT. The project documents changes in the frequency of use and accuracy of phrasal complexity features (which are more common in written language) and clausal complexity features (which are more common in spoken language). The study contributes to the validity argument for the TOEFL iBT, demonstrating how language learners develop over time and how that development relates to language assessments.
Bethany Gray and Volker Hegelheimer are building and analyzing a corpus of test responses to study test takers' performance on the writing section of the English Placement Test (EPT). The goal is to examine the use of grammatical features associated with language complexity and language development in the EPT data, to investigate how these features are used differentially across placement levels, student level (graduate vs. undergraduate), and different prompts. The data analyzed in this project will be used to study language development, and inform the interpretation, development, and validation of the EPT.
Gary Ockey is leading a team of graduate students in refining a performance-based oral communication assessment, which recently became part of the Iowa State University English Proficiency Test. This project involves the creation of test prompts, refinement of the rating scales and rater training procedures, setting cut scores, and aligning an assessment to a course curriculum. Embedded in this project are a number of graduate student and faculty research studies, including investigating the construct of academic oral communication, investigating the use of generalizability theory and Many-facet Rasch measurement to aid in refining rating scales and rater training procedures, examining new task types for better assessing oral communication, and setting cut scores.
Gary Ockey and Jim Ranalli are working with a group of graduate students to set cut scores for the English Proficiency Writing Test, which is used for placement at Iowa State University. Recently, the test moved in the direction of the use of integrated read-write tasks, in an effort to better assess the academic writing construct. These task types have necessitated the need for new cut scores. Graduate student research embedded within this project includes investigating different techniques for developing cut-scores, examining the effectiveness of rater training and rating scales, and exploring the effectiveness of integrated task types.
2. Language Learning and Teaching
Applied linguistics faculty are working on projects to investigate new approaches to language learning pedagogy as well as the construction and evaluation of learning materials.
Gulbahar Beckett is working on several research projects including investigation of English as a medium of instruction policies and practices in EFL contexts through document analyses, classroom observation, and interviews with students and faculty. Findings of these studies are expected to contribute to language policy work.
Gulbahar Beckett is working on meta-analysis of project-based language learning research with Tammy Slater. Findings of this study are expected to contribute to experiential learning and technology integrated second language acquisition research.
Gulbahar Beckett is co-editing, with Tammy Slater, a book currently titled "Theory, Research, and Models of Technology-Infused Project-Based Language Learning and Teaching: Focusing on Form and Function," a sequel to Beckett & Miller (2006)."Project-based second and foreign language education: Past, present, and future."
Carol Chapelle is investigating implications of the connection between content and language for technology-mediated language learning materials and assessments. At the advanced level, she is working with discipline-specific language in the teaching of academic writing in English. At the beginning level, she is working with presentation of cultural narrative in French learning materials.
Evgeny Chukharev-Hudilainen and John Levis are developing, in conjunction with Texas A & M University and funding from the National Science Foundation, a pronunciation training system using "accent conversion" (the language learner's own voice combined with the segmentals and suprasegmental features of a matched native speaker voice). The resulting voice is called a "Golden Speaker" voice.
Elena Cotos is leading the continuous development and evaluation of the Research Writing Tutor (RWT) [https://vimeo.com/90669213], a unique automated writing evaluation tool for teaching and learning research writing in the disciplines. This project is interdisciplinary, stimulating a fruitful collaboration among faculty and graduate students in Applied Linguistics, Computational Linguistics, Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science, and Education. This work was funded by the Computation Advisory Committee, Graduate College, College of Engineering, and College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.
Elena Cotos' projects with Sarah Huffman and Stephanie Link investigate the effects of RWT modules integrated in learning environments. RWT's affordances are examined from the perspective of data-driven learning and revision processes with a focus on their potential to foster the transfer of genre knowledge to genre writing. Currently, we are examining fundamental processes specified in cognitive writing theories by focusing on how novice writers interact with multi-level rhetorical feedback and scaffolding during revision and in what ways this interaction may create conditions necessary for enhanced metacognition and writing improvement.
Elena Cotos and Sarah Huffman are evaluating a new model for academic writing support to graduate students and post-doctoral associates implemented by the Center for Communication Excellence. The objectives are to analyze the discipline-specific research communication needs of graduate students and post-doctoral associates; to investigate the impact of the writing support to meet these needs; and to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the approach to training Graduate Peer Mentors.
John Levis and ISU-PRL have developed a nonnative version of the Arctic Corpus (from Carnegie Mellon University) including speakers from varied first languages (Chinese, Arabic, Vietnamese, languages from India, Spanish, and Korean). We are now exploring how the corpus can inform speech synthesis, mispronunciation detection, and language teaching priorities. This project is being carried out in conjunction with Texas A & M University and with funding from the National Science Foundation.
John Levis and members of ISU-PRL will begin a longitudinal study of L2 learner pronunciation (advanced L2 speakers of English). The project will explore how speakers' pronunciation and spoken language develops and changes over two years in response to being in the L2 environment and in relation to factors that promote greater or lesser attention to using English. PhD students and others interested in pronunciation research are welcome to be involved.
Jim Ranalli is studying how students engage with Automated Written Corrective Feedback (AWCF); specifically, the feedback provided by the popular writing-enhancement tool Grammarly. This project investigates whether students' engagement with AWCF conforms with conditions that support writing-skills development, L2 development, or both, as well as the individual, task, and contextual factors that influence students' engagement with AWCF. The methodology includes the use of eye-tracking to enhance the veridicality of retrospective verbal reports.
Jim Ranalli is investigating how use of tools for Automated Written Corrective Feedback (AWCF) affect students' revision behaviors and features of their written output (grammatical accuracy, complexity, and writing quality) on timed writing assignments. The study compares student performances across two AWCF tools that provide feedback in real-time (i.e., while students write): the popular web-service Grammarly and the built-in proofing tools in Microsoft Word, with the latter representing a "business-as-usual" condition. The revision analyses are based on keystroke logging and screen-capture data.
Jim Ranalli is experimenting with a new approach to second-language writing instruction called Self-regulated Learning of L2 Writing. The approach is based on a highly successful L1 writing intervention used with young learners and adults with learning disabilities—groups who, like L2 students, are challenged in their attempts to monitor and manage their engagement in complex writing tasks because of shortfalls in attentional capacity. The approach emphasizes the role of formative feedback on students' cognitive and metacognitive activities, with the former achieved through process-tracing via the revision-history feature of GoogleDocs, and the latter by means of reflection tasks timed to coincide with key junctures in the self-regulated learning cycle.
Tammy Slater and Barbara Schwarte are conducting research into how ESL (English as a second language) teachers make sense of, value, and apply linguistic concepts addressed in their preparatory programs. While having a strong foundation in linguistics remains a core requirement in many ESL teacher programs, there has been a lack of research on how teaching linguistic concepts to pre-service ESL teachers impacts their teaching experience as full-time ESL teachers. The investigation of this topic will provide insight into (1) the beliefs that ESL teachers have about how to use and apply linguistic concepts in their instruction and (2) the variation in these beliefs among pre-service (both early and late program) and experienced ESL teachers. In other words, the research sets out to understand what beliefs and linguistic concepts have/have not transferred from the teacher education program to the actual teaching experience, and which of these appear to be the most important to those learning and using the concepts.
Tammy Slater is working on an edited book (Equinox Publishers) that looks at research and practice into language-and-content integration using Mohan's (1986) knowledge framework, a theoretical perspective based on Systemic Functional Linguistics. The collection focuses on Mohan's theory as it has influenced work in higher education.
Tammy Slater and Gulbahar Beckett have recently collaborated on an edited volume called Global Perspectives on Project-Based Language Learning, Teaching, and Assessment: Key Approaches, Technology Tools, and Frameworks. The 2020 book is part of the Routledge collection of Studies in Applied Linguistics. Tammy has also written a chapter in the book based on a small research project she undertook in the Exit Course of our Intensive English and Orientation Program.
3. Linguistic Analysis
Projects in linguistic analysis produce knowledge about language use that contribute to the scientific goal of understanding human language in a manner that can contribute to language teaching and assessment.
Bethany Gray and collaborators Jesse Egbert and Doug Biber (both Northern Arizona University) are working on a volume empirically exploring corpus representativeness. In the project, they investigate how corpus design decisions (such as size and sampling method) influence corpus representativeness. The goal of the project is to raise awareness of the importance of corpus representativeness, and propose methods for empirically evaluating the representativeness of language corpora.
Bethany Gray is working on how to identify 'text types' within the research article register by looking at the interaction of discipline and research method. She will use dimension/factor scores from the a previous multi-dimensional analysis as the dependent variables for the cluster analysis, which groups together texts which behave similarly (i.e., which use these linguistic features in similar ways). The groups are then analyzed to identify why they use these features in similar ways (e.g., one possibility is that history writing, and qualitative political science writing, are similar in some ways, and that theoretical philosophy and theoretical physics articles are similar in other ways). The goal of the analysis is to uncover underlying factors which result in linguistically similar and dissimilar texts, without arbitrarily saying that texts are similar just because they belong to the same discipline or research type.
Bethany Gray is building and analyzing additional subcorpora for the Academic Journal Register Corpus, a collection of 270 quantitative, qualitative, and theoretical research articles in philosophy, history, political science, applied linguistics, biology, and physics. The new subcorpora will add 180 texts representing articles with an evaluative purpose (rather than reporting primary research), such as forums, state-of-the-art synthesis, and article commentaries and author responses. Situational and linguistic analyses are carried out on the resulting corpus, adding to our knowledge of disciplinary variation beyond primary research reporting, and exploring how these articles contribute to knowledge-building and debate within their respective disciplines.
Bethany Gray and her collaborators are investigating quantitative methods for characterizing discontinuous lexical frames, a type of formulaic language where words form a 'frame' around a variable slot (e.g., the * of the, in the * of). The project explores a range of measures of predictability and variability such as type-token ratios, proportions of most frequent fillers, mutual information, entropy, and ∆p (delta p) for c. 500 4-word frames) occurring at least 40 times per million words in large corpora of conversation and academic writing (c. 4.5 and 5.3 million words respectively from the Longman Corpus of Spoken and Written English).
Elena Cotos is collaborating with Sowmya Vajjala and Carol Chapelle to identify discipline-specific patterns in scientific writing by applying approaches from machine learning and natural language processing. Their current study explores different algorithms for both general move/step models and for discipline-specific ones, as well as patterns and variation within and across the Methods sections of thirty disciplines in the RWT corpus.
Elena Cotos and Ágnes Sandor from the Xerox Research Centre Europe (XRCE) are using the RWT corpus to test an integrated method for the automated analysis of rhetorical intent. Motivated by the need to develop theoretically-grounded methods for automated analysis of academic discourse, this study integrates genre analysis and concept-matching frameworks to explore the realization of rhetorical intent through functional language from two perspectives: interpreted as moves/steps and represented as linguistically-instantiated patterns of concepts.
Elena Cotos is collaborating with David Kaufer, Suguru Ishizaki, and Xizhen Cai from Carnegie Mellon University on a study that integrates EAP genre theory and the rhetorical theory of representational language effects. The purpose is to identify and describe patterns of language that prime interactive experiences in scientific writing. This work merges methodological paradigms by analyzing the RWT corpus annotated for moves and steps in the DocuScope text analysis environment, which allows for examining the semantic variation that distinguishes the functional meanings of rhetorical moves in disciplinary discourse.
Elena Cotos and Sarah Huffman are analyzing functional language indicative of study design and mapping study design to rhetorical moves and steps to inform the development of customized rules for automated detection of study design elements. This work is part of the AFLEX project, a large-scale cross-disciplinary project. The AFLEX team aims to develop research synthesis technologies with the long-term goal of improving the translation of research findings from scientists to society. The project is funded through ISU's Presidential Initiative for Interdisciplinary in Data Driven Science.
Elena Cotos is leading several corpus-based move analysis studies aimed to comprehensively describe the conventions of different academic and professional genres. Her research teams are engaged in top-down analysis of corpora representative of the following genres: research article, grant proposal, cover letter, teaching philosophy, and research statement. The study of Broader Impacts sections in grant proposals was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number HRD-0963584. Corpora of cover letters, teaching philosophies, and research statements are compiled in collaboration with ISU's Center for Excellence in Learning and Teaching, which is also funding the research.
4. Applied Linguistics
Projects in applied linguistics cut across multiple areas of the field to address language-related issues and produce and disseminate knowledge about the field itself.
Carol Chapelle is working on a volume entitled the Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (forthcoming), which includes updated versions of the most frequently accessed entries from the electronic version of the Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (Wiley, 2013). She continues to edit updates for the Encyclopedia, which is being used by over 750 libraries and professional organizations throughout 45 countries worldwide.
Applied Linguistics Program
203 Ross Hall
527 Farmhouse Ln.
apling@iastate.edu


text: Q: How to proof that $e^{x^2}$ does not have a primitive function? I was wondering how you proof that the function $f(x)=e^{x^2}$ does not have a primitive function. I have heard en read this example multiple times, but I don't know how to proof it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I slept in until 11 today and it was beautiful.
Today I had an interview across town, only a meager fifteen miles away. Normally when I think of driving fifteen miles I'm used to driving for at most twenty minutes. In the almost-two months of living in Los Angeles that belief has entirely left my system, but more on that later.
Interviews are very weird for me. I get nervous for some interviews and I am extremely confident in others. No matter how I am feeling going into an interview all feelings of nervousness are gone after we start talking. Today I interviewed for a job at a start up company. This wasn't a job that I applied for, but was recruited. I was weary at first, but after looking at their website and the product they were offering, I decided to take a look. The office was absolutely beautiful: It was an open layout, people were interacting with each other, and they had In-N-Out catering. It looked like an amazing place to work, and I immediately fell in love. Not only did I become excited about the opportunity I also became confident.
Halfway through the interview I became nervous. The questions weren't hard and I was breezing through them, but for some reason my stomach was in knots. Determined to dominate the rest of the interview I took a deep breath and ignored the alarm in my stomach. Moments later my final interviewer entered the room and everything began to come clear.
I moved to Los Angeles to chase my dreams. I moved 3000 miles away from everything and everyone that I know because I knew that this was the place that I would have the best chance of making those dreams into a reality. I did not move here to grab onto the first well paying job to fall in my lap because I was afraid of running out of money.
I'm the kind of person that likes to feel safe financially, and living in Tinseltown is anything but cheap. I hate the idea of living paycheck to paycheck, and most importantly, I like to eat. I can't eat out all the time and pay all my bills if I don't find a new job. Also, since I work in retail, I can't visit my family on the holidays if I don't find a new job. These thoughts terrified me into a frantic job search for anything with stability. So here I am, sitting in an interview for a job that I don't want when I could be somewhere else chasing those dreams. Ten minutes later I walked out the front door of that office confident. It wasn't the normal confidence you would feel after leaving an interview, but it was confidence that I was making the right decisions. One day I might end up in a "nine-to-five" job, but it will be my choice when that happens, and it won't be today.
It is easy to lose yourself in the insanity that is Los Angeles. I'm tired of losing myself.
Remember earlier when we were talking about traffic? By time I got back to my car and got back on the road it was five in the afternoon. What happens at five in the afternoon? Everyone in the city gets off work and gets on the freeway. A drive that had taken me twenty-five minutes earlier in the day was now going to take me an hour and a half. Normal human beings would curse at the sight of the estimated arrival time on the GPS. Lucky for me I am far from normal and I had saved both of the Nerdist podcast episodes with Anna Kendrick just for an occasion such as this. It was a wonderful drive indeed.
Wait, I didn't learn just one lesson today. While standing on the sidelines of one of Santa Monica Pier's underwhelming magic shows I realized that I had made a grave mistake. Santa Monica performers usually call individuals to participate in their show as an incentive for tips when they are done. I realized a little too late that I was wearing a Harry Potter shirt to a magic show. I was too late, the magician was not. I spent the next twenty minutes being called Harry Potter and melting forks with my magic pointer finger.
What did I learn today? Don't take a job you don't want just because you are afraid, and if you are a generic looking white guy you shouldn't wear a Harry Potter shirt to a magic show.


text:
Craig Scott '86, Syracuse Architecture alum and visiting critic, to lecture
Tuesday, February 22, 2011, By Elaine Wackerow
Craig Scott, co-founder with Lisa Iwamato of San Francisco architectural design firm IwamotoScott, will speak at the Syracuse University School of Architecture on Tuesday, March 1, at 5 p.m. in Slocum Hall Auditorium. His lecture, "IwamotoScott: three avenues," is free and open to the public.
Formed in 1998, IwamotoScott pursues architecture as a form of applied design research, with projects ranging in scale from installations to urban design. Recent projects include Edgar Street Towers, a speculative high-rise designed for the Greenwich South vision plan for Lower Manhattan; Voussoir Cloud, an installation in the SCIArc Gallery; and Jellyfish House, a theoretical house of the near future for the exhibition Open House: Architecture and Technology for Intelligent Living.
IwamotoScott's work has been exhibited at the San Francisco MoMA, Guggenheim Museum and Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt National Design Triennial. The firm has been widely published in books and journals internationally, and received numerous awards and honors including Best of the Year Award from Interior Design magazine, Emerging Voices and Young Architects awards from the Architectural League of New York, and numerous AIA design awards from the San Francisco, Boston and New Jersey AIA chapters.
Scott received a bachelor of architecture from SU and a master of architecture degree with distinction from Harvard University's Graduate School of Design. Outside of his practice, he has maintained an active teaching career. He is currently an associate professor in architecture at California College of the Arts in San Francisco, and has also taught at the University of Michigan, SCIArc, Harvard University, Sydney University and Yale University. This semester he is teaching a visiting critic studio at Syracuse Architecture.
Elaine Wackerow
President Obama to Deliver Keynote Address at Newhouse School's Toner Prize Celebration March 28 in Washington
Friday, February 12, 2016, By Wendy S. Loughlin
Nationally Acclaimed Poet Next Guest in Raymond Carver Reading Series
Friday, March 22, 2013, By News Staff
Award-Winning Playwright Eve Ensler Delivers University Lecture Wednesday
Monday, October 13, 2014, By Kelly Homan Rodoski
601 Tully presents Word Thursday, featuring poetry of Stephen Kuusisto
Friday, February 3, 2012, By News Staff
Entertainment Attorney Loren Chodosh to Speak April 16
Monday, April 15, 2013, By Erica Blust


Listing date: July 18, 2016 (as at 5:01 pm) in anticipation of closing of the Offering.
Posted for trading date: July 19, 2016 (at the opening) subject to confirmation of closing of the Offering.
Incorporation: Open-ended mutual fund established under the laws of the Province of Ontario on June 28, 2016 pursuant to an amended and restated master declaration of trust.
Manager and Trustee: AlphaPro Management Inc.
Nature of business: The investment objective of the ETF is to seek to generate positive absolute returns through selective exposure to global currency markets. The ETF will generally hold Canadian short-term securities and will primarily use derivative instruments to gain its exposure to selected global currency markets.
Distributions The ETF is not expected to make regular cash distributions. Cash distributions, if any, to Unitholders of the ETF of income, net of fees and expenses, will be made at the discretion of the Manager.
Offering document: Prospectus dated June 28, 2016, which is available at www.SEDAR.com. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein are as defined in the Prospectus.
Initial public offering: 1,000,001 Class E Units will be issued at a subscription price of $10.00 per Unit. The ETF is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Units, each of which represents an equal, undivided interest in the net assets of the ETF. Units of the ETF are being issued and sold on a continuous basis and there is no maximum number of Units that may be issued.


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Former Martinsville Principal Claims Reverse Discrimination in Lawsuit
After suffering a demotion last year, a former high school principal claimed reverse discrimination and sued the city of Martinsville, the city council and the city school board, according to an article by the Martinsville Bulletin.
The former principal sued in U.S. District Court, asking for a jury trial and approx. $10 million in damages and benefits. That figure includes damages of $9 million, back pay and benefits of $105,000, and potential pay of $445,000. The former principal is also requesting undetermined sums for interest as well as court costs and attorney's fees.
The former principal alleges that the city, city council, and school board acted in concert to unlawfully discriminate, sourcing and hiring based on race and gender. Lacking the city's desired race and gender, she was demoted from high school principal to middle school assistant principal.
As a result, the former principal filed a charge of discrimination with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). After receiving a "notice of right to sue" from the U.S. Justice Department, the former principal filed the present lawsuit.
Considering the impact of this news development, it feels like a perfect time to explore federal and state laws concerning workplace discrimination.
What is the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission?
The EEOC is an agency that oversees enforcement of federal laws concerning employment discrimination. Spread across a number of amendments and acts, federal laws protect workers in every U.S. state by prohibiting workplace discrimination.
Most notably, federal laws protect employees from discrimination and harassment because of their race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, or genetic information. In this context, the term "sex" above also includes pregnancy, gender identity, and sexual orientation.
Federal laws provide employees the right to reasonable workplace accommodations for disability or religious purposes. Retaliation is addressed as well, prohibiting employers from harming employees for reporting potential workplace discrimination.
What is the Virginia Human Rights Act?
In addition to federal laws, the Virginia Human Rights Act (the Act) protects against discrimination in all forms. As applied to employment, the Act requires employers to make decisions based on performance, aptitude, and experience. Employers are not allowed to discriminate in matters of hiring, compensation, promotion, assignment, or termination.
Specifically, employers are not allowed to use the following factors to determine employment matters:
Do You Need Legal Help From an Experienced Employment Attorney?
It can be a challenge to deal with wrongful termination, workplace discrimination, or other matters of employment law. There is a fine line to walk, balancing your need to work against your rights under the law. With many overlapping laws and regulations, it can be difficult to discern the proper course of action. Thankfully an experienced employment attorney can guide you through the process, ensuring that you have a clear understanding of your rights under the law.
If have questions concerning Virginia employment law, please do not hesitate. Contact us immediately. Headquartered in Leesburg, Virginia, the attorneys at Simms Showers LLP have experience dealing with labor and employment law. We are available by phone at 703-997-7821 or by completing an online form.
martinsvillebulletin.com/news/former-principal-sues-martinsville-claiming-reverse-discrimination/article_fb85a2da-1a13-5d4a-b555-a021f5f9bd85.html
By Simms Showers LLP | Posted on December 13, 2017 Tags: Employment Discrimination, Leesburg Labor and Employment Lawyer, Leesburg Labor and Employment Lawyers, Reverse Discrimination


Many teachers use essays in order to assess their student's level of competency through word usage and expert grasp of the English language. Oftentimes, we neglect to proofread our papers creating errors in our writings. Checking for mistakes in your paper is very crucial to the overall quality of your essay; any error could be detrimental to the efficiency of your paper. With the arrival of technological innovations, many sites are offering proofreading solutions such as a sentence checker. With this, you can conveniently check grammar and punctuation errors to maximize favorable results of your writings.
A sentence checker is a beneficial tool not only to students but also to professionals who are constantly struggling with written requirements. When you check grammar and punctuation with this tool, you are not only reducing errors but enriching your writing skills. A sentence check online has become a great learning platform in understanding accurate usage of the English language. Constant familiarity with the grammar, spelling and punctuation rules enables you to develop your vocabulary and practice proper sentence structure.
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If you absolutely have to travel today, these three tips will save your life.
It was short, but the message was very clear. The Mayo High School students walked out of school for 17 minutes to voice their opinion.
A Chair Affair is one of Rochester's most popular galas, and the night doesn't end just because the gala is done...it heats up at the Chair Affair After-Party!
Plunge into the ice-cold Foster Arends Lake on February 10th, and you'll feel two things at once. a) You'll be really cold ii) and really warm all at once!


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How chai arrived in India 170 years ago
By 1888, Indian tea exports into Britain were over 86 million pounds, exceeding China's 80 million pounds | Photo Credit: Thulasi Kakkat
It all began with a Scottish mandarin who smuggled a tea plant from China in 1848
Britain's first taste of tea was belated — the Chinese had been drinking it for 2,000 years. The English diarist, Samuel Pepys, mentions tea in his diary entry from September 25, 1600. "Tcha," wrote Pepys, the "excellent and by all Physicians approved, China drink," was sold in England from 1635, for prices as high as £6 to £10 per pound of the herb (£600 to £1,000, today). In 1662, when King Charles II married the Portuguese princess, Catherine of Braganza, her dowry constituted a chest of tea, and the island of Bombay for an annual lease of £10, equivalent then to the cost of a pound of tea in England. Catherine, who was used to drinking tea in the Portuguese court, had her first sip of the beverage in England in May 1662 — the month of her wedding — at Portsmouth.
In the 18th century, Dutch firm J.J. Voute & Sons ruthlessly exploited the incapacity of the English East India Company to supply tea to Britain's thriving domestic elites and coffee houses, smuggling about eight million pounds of tea, annually. Yet, Dutch tea soon became a "name for all teas that are bad in quality and unfit for use." Meanwhile, the English company began strengthening its commercial ties with China, as Bombay turned into the seed of British India's commerce, escalating all other European — especially Portuguese and Dutch — operations.
However, with resources depleted due to the Anglo-Dutch wars, by the 18th century, the English were unable to afford the silver that China demanded for continuing trade with Britain. To counter smuggled tea, on the one hand, and the increasing Chinese demand for silver on the other, the British responded by growing opium in India — largely in Bengal, Patna, Benares and the Malwa plateau — and smuggling it into China, in exchange for their beloved beverage.
Still, British tea cultivators were extremely anxious to have Chinese tea and techniques brought to India. In 1788, The Royal Society of Arts began deliberating on the idea of transplanting saplings from China. Then, in 1824, tea saplings were discovered in Assam by Robert Bruce and Maniram Dewan. Tea plantations later expanded across Assam and Darjeeling. In a 19th century lecture to the Royal Society, it was noted that around this time, carpenters and shoemakers from Chinese settlements in Calcutta were being sent up to Darjeeling or Assam, "presumably on the belief that every Chinaman must be an expert in tea cultivation and manufacture," although many of them had never even seen a tea sapling.
After the Charter Act of 1833, the East India Company lost its trade monopoly with China. The Tea Committee was established in 1834, under William Bentinck, the then Governor-General of India. Also in 1834, Charles Gutzlaff and George Gordon were commissioned by the firm, Jardine Matheson, to undertake an opium voyage to China. While there, they were also expected to extract tea seeds, techniques and resources from the Chinese. The mission was not quite successful.
A decade later, in 1843, Robert Fortune, a Scottish horticulturalist, independently travelled to China to study its tea plantations. His travels were funded by the Royal Horticultural Society that was eager to extract plant samples and botanical intelligence from China in the wake of the Treaty of Nanking, signed in 1842, that ended the First Opium War.
On his return to Britain, Fortune published Three Years' Wandering in the Northern Provinces of China (1847). Enthused by his discoveries in the Celestial Kingdom, Dr. John Forbes Royle recruited Fortune, on behalf of the Company, as a scout. He was to perform the great British tea heist. A man of modest means, Fortune gladly accepted the £500 annuity from the East India Company, five times his previous earnings. Besides, he was given the commercial rights to any other horticultural specimen he might be able to smuggle out, thus opening up for him a lifetime opportunity to exploit the thriving market among the English elite for exotic botanical specimens and nurseries. Little was it known then that Fortune would soon change the fortunes of the tea industry in Britain.
The great tea robbery
In the autumn of 1848, Fortune entered China on a great espionage mission, accompanied by his servant Wang, whom he refers to in his account simply as 'coolie'. It was suggested that Fortune shave his head, and don the disguise of a mandarin. The two headed to a factory in the hills of Wuyi Shan, thence travelling from Shanghai via Hangzhou to the tea plantations of Zhejiang and Anhui. It was an exhausting three-month expedition.
After inspecting the 2,000-year-old tea manufacturing process in the Chinese highlands, Fortune returned to Shanghai in 1849, from where he contacted his employers in London. "I have much pleasure in informing you," he wrote, "that I have procured a large supply of seeds and young plants which I trust will get safely to India."
He also relayed his discovery that the Chinese were given to doctoring their tea exports to Europe with ferric ferrocyanide (Prussian blue) and gypsum salts, in order to achieve the desired colour in green tea, which impressed the Europeans. "No wonder," believed Fortune, "the Chinese consider the natives of the West to be a race of barbarians." Inadvertently, China had been poisoning Europe. It was Fortune's discovery, too, that black and green teas are essentially the same species of the shrub, Camellia sinensis, except that the former variety was cured or 'fermented' for a longer period.
Fortune pinched about 13,000 plant samples and 10,000 seeds, and managed to smuggle them out in glass bottles through Hong Kong and Calcutta. With these new plants, British planters were able to dig their feet firmly into the home-bred tea industry in eastern India. Firms and advertisers in London began branding the teas in tandem with sugar from the plantations in Caribbean slave colonies.
The story of Fortune's robbery and the subsequent great surge in the Victorian tea industry has been remarkably well recorded by Sarah Rose in For All the Tea in China (2009). Besides tea saplings, Fortune also purloined samples of the poisonous tea dyes inside the folds of his cloak. Rose writes that these samples, displayed at the Great Exhibition in 1851, "marked the moment when tea, the national drink of Britain, came out of the shadows of myth and mystery and into the light of Western science and understanding."
An 1850s engraving on the production of tea in Assam | Photo Credit: Wiki Commons
An Indian beverage
Even before Fortune's adventure, Jardine Matheson had ensured that Assam tea was a merchandisable Indian product in London. Maintaining a steady flow of Chinese planters in India, and strong networks of opium smuggling in China, Matheson's became the model for later Indian and Ceylonese tea companies to recruit Chinese planters, lasting well into the 1840s. Indian tea was first shipped to London in December 1838, and was auctioned at India House in January 1839 for 5 shillings to 34 shillings a pound, the highest variety selling at 34 times the price of its cultivation in an Indian tea estate.
In 1853, Fraser's Magazine suggested that India and not China was the "natural home of the tea plant". By 1888, Indian tea exports into Britain were over 86 million pounds, exceeding China's 80 million pounds. Erika Rappaport, author of another fascinating tea-history, A Thirst for Empire (2017), writes that in the 1890s, the virtues of Indian tea and assiduous Indian planters were eulogised in Victorian London in order to advertise China's backwardness and deceitfulness. Large volumes of adulterated Chinese tea were seized by the Customs and thrown into the Thames. Advertisements such as this one, from A Pure Indian Tea Supply Agency, flourished in Victorian London:
INDIAN TEAS ARE PURER. INDIAN TEAS ARE MORE AROMATIC. INDIAN TEAS ARE STRONGER. INDIAN TEAS ARE CHEAPER. INDIAN TEAS ARE MORE WHOLESOME AND ARE BETTER IN EVERY RESPECT THAN CHINESE TEAS.
In the 1880s, Indian pedigrees of the beverage colonised London as well as Ireland, Scotland, many other parts of Europe and the United States. The Indian Tea Store came up on Oxford Street in 1881, followed quickly by many replicas. Tea grown in India or Ceylon was merchandised in ostentatious boxes, made of wood snaffled out of timber forests in Dehradun, Simla or Rangoon. It was impossible not to be seduced by tea in London, now a demystified Cleopatra cloned into hundreds and thousands of Darjeeling or Assam boxes.
Back in India, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, which opened in 1878, was symbiotically rooted to the growth of Indian tea. The first major experiment of the Indian Tea Association — founded in 1881 — for globalising Indian tea began on the Indian Railways. By 1901, India had grown into a massive market for tea, and in 1903, the Tea Cess Bill was passed, regulating cess on tea exports, which would then be used for tea promotion in India and globally.
Stolen gift
It was after World War I that Indian and Eurasian vendors, equipped with stoves and kettles, began selling tea at the historic railway stations of Bengal, Punjab and the Frontier provinces.
The Tea Association prided itself that "a better cup of tea could in general be had at the platform tea stalls than in the first-class restaurant cars on the trains." Large hoardings and posters for tea recipes were put up in Indian languages, on several railway platforms, quite a few of which are still to be found in the domestic and suburban railway network of Bengal, at stations like Ballygunge, Dum Dum, Naihati, Bangaon, Shantipur and Ranaghat.
Fortune's stolen gift to the British empire turned into a hybrid beverage in India, as local vendors began to add large quantities of milk and sugar into their tea. By the 1930s, a nation of erstwhile 'teetotallers' became the factory as well as market for British-packaged tea. By the 21st century, India consumed over 70% of its crop. From small-town railway stations to first-class compartments, tea and its accoutrements — the earthen pots, the glass tumbler, and the chai-wallah — became the ubiquitous symbols of a typical train journey.
As historian Lizzie Collingham writes, "The chai-wallah is still the first thing a passenger hears on waking up in a train in northern India as he marches through the carriages, a metal kettle swinging in one hand and glasses in the other, calling out 'chai-chai-chai'." As a noisy tea-vendor hands over a cup of tea from the other side of the window, we are reasonably convinced of being a race of tea-drinkers since the age of the Mahabharata — blissfully oblivious to how much we owe that satisfaction to a few serendipitous discoveries in the Assam and Darjeeling valleys, and a sneaky Scottish mandarin who patiently trekked up the mountains north of the Fujian and Jiangxi provinces in China a 170 years ago.
The writer teaches English at O.P. Jindal Global University, and is author of The Purveyors of Destiny: A Cultural Biography of the Indian Railways.
Credit : www.thehindu.com


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Northern Nevada Apprenticeship Spotlight: Telecommunications Installer/Technician
If you're familiar with the IBEW, or International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, chances are you think of the men and women responsible for electrical wiring. But did you know that the IBEW is the fastest-growing training organization for telecommunications installers and technicians?
Telecommunications installers and technicians work on low voltage systems like computer networks, security systems, telephones, audio/video systems, and smart buildings—installing, connecting, and terminating wiring and cabling systems to make the technology of our everyday lives and workplaces operate properly.
While the telecommunications apprenticeship track at IBEW Local 401's Northern Nevada Electrical Training Center in Reno isn't new—it was implemented in 2001—it's enjoying a renaissance after being slowed down by the dot com bust and, later, the recession. It's doubled in size in just the last two years as local demand has increased, and IBEW Local 401 Training Director Alan Darney believes the telecom track represents the future of electrical careers.
"I think that this is going to continue to be the fastest growing area we deal with," Darney says. "As technology continues to advance rapidly, I can see a day when telecommunications workers are going to be doing a larger percentage of our electrical systems—even lighting—as devices like our computers and telephone systems increasingly plug into these low-voltage systems. More and more, power is being delivered over data networks instead of traditional methods."
Darney says this popular apprenticeship program is three years, and apprentices start out making $15.81/hour for a technician-level track and $26.35 for an installer, with incremental raises as apprentices move through the program and master skills, like:
Cable testing, splicing, and terminating
LAN (local area networks)
Blueprint reading Hazardous materials
Troubleshooting and diagnostics
...and more.
Apprentices receive paid on-the-job training at local companies, like electrical contractors that have a telecommunications division, contractors dedicated to telecom and data, security companies, and specialty shops.
The Northern Nevada Electrical Training Center uses university-level curriculum in the classroom and real-world project experience on-the-job to produce a highly-skilled telecommunications workforce.
What do IBEW Local 401 trainers look for in applicants to its telecommunications apprenticeship program?
"People should be tech-oriented and comfortable with computers," says Darney. "The work in our traditional electrician track can be more physically demanding, this side is more detail-oriented. You have to be OK with things getting tedious sometimes."
A high school diploma or equivalent and a valid driver's license is also required.
Depending on timing, there can be a waiting list to be accepted into the telecommunications technician/installer apprenticeship program, but the wait is typically short.
Like all 12 of Northern Nevada's registered apprenticeships in the building and construction trades, IBEW Local 401 is seeking to increase the number of women in Nevada's construction workforce, and encourages women to apply.
Contact the Northern Nevada Electrical Training Center at 775-358-4301, or by email at info@401jatc.org. Or visit them online at http://www.northernnevadaelectricians.com.
IBEW Local 401 is an equal-opportunity employer and its opportunities are available to all who meet the minimum requirements, regardless of age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, race, religion, or nationality.
2019 Women Build Nevada Career Expo Recap
It's National Apprenticeship Week!


Nomade - This restaurant specializes in international cuisine and serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar. Open daily.
Exceptional welcoming and nice staff. Always willing to help and make your stay good. Very nice rooms, beds are super and very clean. Best hotel I have stayed at in Curitiba. Area is very nice with lots of restaurants and bars within walking distance from hotel.
Best Hotel in Curitiba, Service and room amenities are great, Feels like home from the moment you walk in, The staff is very helful and kind, feels like arriving to a house not a Hotel. Walking distance to Entretainment and dining options are a plus.
Great experience, service and rooms!!!
The Nomaa Hotel pays great attention to detail... Great service every time we needed something. Helpful staff. Super clean and modern decorated. Small boutique hotel worth every penny. Loved the stay. Instead of typical slippers we got Hawaianas... loved it. We also received small pieces of delicious chocolate every night.
Outstanding service, beautifully decorated from the entrance to the room! Dream Shower!!


The B.C. government is pressing ahead with its plan to eliminate Medical Services Plan premiums and replace them with an employer health tax.
The Employer Health Tax Act, which sets a tax of 1.95 per cent on the payroll of businesses with payrolls over $500,000, was introduced in the legislature Tuesday and would take effect on Jan. 1.
The government says in a news release that fewer than five per cent of businesses in B.C. will pay the full tax, overall it will cuts taxes for people and businesses by about $800 million annually and save $50 million in administration costs.
It says the majority of small businesses will be protected by the $500,000 exemption that phases out gradually, while the payrolls of charities and non-profits will be shielded through a $1.5-million exemption.
Finance Minister Carole James says the new levy is similar to those in other provinces, helps lower taxes for B.C. residents and is a fairer approach.