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SEPTA Conviction Discrimination Lawsuit
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Pa. Transit Agency's Ex-Drug Convict Hiring Ban...
Pa. Transit Agency's Ex-Drug Convict Hiring Ban Challenged
May 5, 2017 / Media Coverage / Law360 — Matt Fair
A Philadelphia-area public transit agency is facing a putative class action in state court over an employment policy that challengers say illegally bars individuals with drug convictions from working as drivers or holding certain maintenance positions.
A trio of would-be Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority workers say the policy violates provisions of the state's Criminal History Record Information Act allowing employers to consider a candidate's convictions only so far as they relate to his or her suitability for the position being sought.
"Rather than making assessments of what drug-related crimes related to the suitability of applicants for particular jobs, SEPTA applied an across-the-board prohibition for a wide range of positions in violation of the explicit statutory prohibition in CHIRA," the complaint said.
The complaint pointed to a written SEPTA policy that it said barred anyone with a felony or misdemeanor drug conviction from employment in all positions requiring the operation of a SEPTA vehicle, or requiring the maintenance, repair or operation of power facilities, substations, towers, signals, vehicles or rolling stock.
The case laid out the specific experience of three applicants — Frank Long, Joseph Shipley and Michael White — who allege they were each told that their prior drug convictions ran afoul of SEPTA's hiring policies.
The complaint said that Long, whose conviction stemmed from a single drug arrest in 1994, was working at the time of his application to SEPTA as a bus driver for a Philadelphia-based school bus company.
While a SEPTA recruiter extended Long an oral job offer following an interview in October 2014, the complaint said the offer was revoked after a background check revealed his 20-year-old drug arrest and subsequent conviction.
Shipley, who was working as a conductor for an international transportation company when he applied for a SEPTA management position, said that he, too, was turned down for a job after disclosing his 2001 drug-related conviction.
"Mr. Shipley's criminal history was not relevant to the [management] position for which he applied, for reasons including the nature of the crime, the age of the conviction, his employment history, and the years Mr. Shipley has been in the general population without any further convictions," the complaint said.
White, meanwhile, similarly saw his application for a bus operator position denied following the disclosure of his drug-related convictions in 2006 and 2007. The final hiring decision came, he said, following what he said was a positive interview and a statement from a SEPTA employee that he would "receive more information about starting training."
"SEPTA knew or should have known its obligations under CHIRA — including not to use broad blanket exemptions regarding criminal conviction histories and instead to limit use only to those situations where criminal conviction histories, in fact, established non-suitability for a particular position," the complaint said. "These obligations are well established by the plain language of CHIRA and in longstanding case law."
The plaintiffs are represented by Ryan Hancock and Danielle Newsome of Willig Williams & Davidson and Adam Klein, Ossai Miazad, Lewis Steel, Christopher McNerney and Cheryl-Lyn Bentley of Outten & Golden LLP.
The case is Frank Long et al. v. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, case number 170500784, in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.
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Hello! We previously looked at the effects of Dead Sea Salt. Now, I'd like to talk about magnesium sulphate – better known to you and me as Epsom Salts!
Epsom crystals, while largely used in agriculture, also have amazing effects on relieving muscular tension when infused in bath water. It is often to be found used in flotation tanks, as it contains properties to make the water more buoyant. The salts are able to penetrate the outer layers of the skin, where they replenish the magnesium levels of the blood and thus rehydrate the muscles.
In addition I personally find it unbeatable for smoothing out rough patches of skin. Together with Dead Sea Salt, it leaves you feeling silky smooth!
You can mix it with Himalayan Pink Salt (see here for information on this particular substance) to improve circulation and help with physical complaints such as asthma and constipation. You can also use it neat for a much stronger bath. Just be careful your body type is suitable for this, though. Epsom Salts aren't dangerous, but can leave you feeling somewhat drained if used in this manner! Be sure to drink plenty of fluid to counteract any dehydrating effects that may occur.
So, in conclusion, we can see that Epsom Salts are a mysterious force for good! The scientific community is still out on whether their effects can be fully quantified, but in my experience the results speak for themselves. Try them and see!
That's about it – please join me for the next blog, where I will be discussing the merits of Himalayan Pink Salt.


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.end method

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Herts plough lone furrow as play-offs perplex
Personal View: Charles Randall
The chairman of the Club Cricket Conference is still fuming, and I don't blame him.
Robbie Book, a life-long player and member of Totteridge-Millhillians CC, saw his club win the Hertfordshire Premier League for the first time this summer. Except apparently they were not champions, even though most people would say they were. And Wisden Cricketers Almanack will show they finished top when it publishes the 2018 league tables.
The reason for Book's dissatisfaction - and one should not quote him verbatim in a family website - was that Hertfordshire introduced top-four play-offs back in 2014 to 'decide' the champions, and Totteridge on their home pitch did not win the final. Therefore they supposedly did not become Herts champions for the first time as deserved.
Their defeat was the second inflicted on a Herts League table-topping club. That meant Welwyn Garden City were proclaimed 'champions' for the third time in succession, having actually won the league only once.
The idea of a play-off final was hatched from the demise of the county knockout cup. This 45-over competition had suffered from one-sided games and walkovers, but at least the final stood as a showpiece finale on an autumn Sunday to round off the season.
A Hertfordshire League panel decided that a Saturday league play-off final would revive that end-of-season climax. To this day it is still the only play-off system in UK cricket to decide the champions of a Premier League; so it is not an idea that has exactly spread like wild fire.
Play-offs have been very much part of the two rugby codes and hockey, but the reason for that is fairness. Clubs lose players to international teams through the season while fulfilling their league commitments. The chance to win the title at full strength through the knockout system compensates for that.
In the case of rugby, the play-off final will draw a big crowd to bolster bank balances, and the community accepts that the league table is mostly a sideshow to jostle for the best knockout draw, as with hockey. Nobody grumbled when Saracens beat Exeter in the 2018 rugby union premiership final, even though Saracens had finished second in the table well behind Exeter.
None of this applies to the Hertfordshire Premier League, unaffected by representative call-ups. The play-off concept asked the cricket community to swallow the notion that a fourth-placed team could finish as genuine champions. Indeed, Welwyn Garden City became 'champions' from third place in 2016 and 2018. Except that few people would seriously regard them as champions.
By all accounts the final at Totteridge was superbly hosted, and spectators enjoyed a well fought match that WGC won with ease in the end by seven wickets, thanks to 126 off 92 balls by Alex Chalker.
Steve Selwood, the Totteridge director of cricket, did not share Book's view of injustice. He thought the play-off system was a good idea and gave the season a "knife-edge" finish. No doubt his opinion was shared by Owais Shah and his Welwyn Garden City team-mates.
It looks as though Hertfordshire will go it alone for the foreseeable future. Barry Hellewell, the league secretary, said: "There is no appetite for change. The players wanted something different, and they got it."
Another drawback is that the final takes place two weeks after the end of the league season, but unlike a cup competition on Sundays, this cannot be changed. The fixture secretary cannot confirm fixtures on those two Saturdays, and the groundsman cannot be sure if his pitch is certain to be used or not until final league positions are known.
In 2014 the new play-offs made an awkward start. Harpenden, in third place, reached the final and lost against Radlett, who had finished 54 points ahead of them in first place.
in 2015 the notion became even more ridiculous. Bishop's Stortford, in fourth place, were asked to believe they could be regarded as possible champions when they travelled to table-topping Radlett for the semi-final, having finished 141 points behind.
Wikipedia's admirable archive lists every club's finishing place, and the top four are juggled according to play-off success without indication. To an outsider this would be misleading because it wold be assumed the numbers refer to league table positions. No play-offs are mentioned.
So in 2016 Bishop's Stortford tied for first place thrillingly with Radlett on equal points in the league, but dropped to runners-up on total wins and then fell another place to third after the play-offs. The whole idea is not equitable, and Book would agree whole-heartedly.
The 2018 league competition proved to be an exciting one, with Totteridge pipping North Mymms at the top. The champions owed much to opener Ben Howgego's 989 runs at 70.6, including three centuries, and spinner Iresh Saxena headed the division's wicket takers with 43. Adam Rossington, when released from Northamptonshire duty, scored pugnacious runs as a genuine Millhillian, and Jonathan Miles, the Cumbria left-hander, provided good support for Howgego. Owais Shah enjoyed a vintage season for Welwyn Garden City, hitting 1,063 runs at 81.7, the league's leading aggregate, and he weighed in with useful wickets.
Little went right for Totteridge in the play-off final. They should have made far more than 208, but they lost Miles to a run-out when he had hit 42 off 35 balls, and the dangerous Rossington was stumped off the Australian left-arm spinner Matthew Grant for 37 off 36 balls. Grant took 3-29 off his 10 overs. In reply Welwyn Garden City knocked off the runs in only 32.2 overs, thanks to Chalker's fine hundred.
Radlett went into freefall when they lost their in-form captain Kabir Toor. The former Middlesex all-rounder suffered to a serious head injury when he was attacked in the street while walking through Covent Garden. He missed the last five matches of the season, though his team recovered to fifth place probably pleased to have avoided the play-offs.
Toor made a full recovery, but was frustrated to have his season ended after reaching 770 runs at 64.1. His batting skill might have taken him past Shah's total, and his leg-spin accounted for 33 league wickets in an impressive season. This year saw the emergence of Mike Atherton's son Josh.as a batting and off-spin force at Radlett.
Will Jones, from the Watford club West Herts, cemented his reputation as the best seam-bowler in Hertfordshire with 42 league wickets. In August, Jones opened the bowling for the MCC against the Club Cricket Conference at Lord's and was rested when his analysis read 7-7-0-2. CCC never really recovered from that start and lost by seven wickets.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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It's amazing how quickly you can get involved in other aspects of life and an entire week slips by without even realizing it. This past week has definitely been one of those! At the beginning of last week, the Little Vegan, who is now seven had to know how ants where important to the earth. She needed to know if it was okay to step on them. The next four nights after work were spent reading Wikipedia and watching YouTube videos on ants, which are actually more interesting than I ever would have thought. She has now determined that she does not want to kill ants unless maybe they are the poisonous kind that could hurt her. I wasn't surprised about this decision for this is the kid that will stop in her tracks to save an earth worm that has strayed onto the sidewalk.
The only reason I have opted to share this is because I though it was cute and because the ant videos sucked up my blog time. The time with my kid and seeing the wheels in her head spin were totally worth it!
Today's recipe I can not take credit for. This is a creation that my mom, Ellen made for us this weekend and it was simply amazing. Even the Little Vegan loved it, except for the chunks of mushrooms that is. I am already playing with future creamy soup recipes. Seriously though, this soup is so rich and creamy that I felt guilty eating it, until I came back to reality and remembered it was vegan.
My mom had a Lions Mane mushroom (I included a picture in case you have never seen one because it was so cool looking) on hand so she used it with regular white mushrooms. She said she has made it will all kinds of mushrooms and it will be completely different, but still delicious with any mushroom you try it with. My hubby can't wait to try it with trumpets, his mushroom of choice. Mom usually adds parsley to the top but we were rushing her because we wanted to eat, plus I don't really care for parsley!
In a soup pot saute onion, celery and pinch of salt in olive oil over medium low heat until onions are translucent. Add 1/4 tsp pepper, thyme and flour and cook for five more minutes. Slowly stir in 4 cups water. Add bouillon. Bring to a boil and then simmer for 30 minutes.
While broth is simmering, in a separate pan, saute mushrooms in butter with salt, garlic and pinch of black pepper. Saute until mushroom are just beginning to cook (you want them to stay firm.) Remove from heat and set aside.
Gallery | This entry was posted in Anzia's picks-a young vegans perspective, Mom's Recipes, soup. Bookmark the permalink.
Where can you get heavy cashew cream? Can you make it? If so, can you please post a recipe for making it?
Hi! In the ingredients list if you click on heavy cashew cream it will take you to the recipe.


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Putin pal Donald Trump promises a big reveal on Russian hacking
Home » Putin pal Donald Trump promises a big reveal on Russian hacking
By AZ BlueMeanie|2017-01-02T06:22:41-07:00January 2nd, 2017|AZ Politics|
After the U.S. intelligence agencies issued a public report on Thursday detailing the ways that Russia acted to influence the American election through cyber espionage, and President Obama announced sanctions against Russia, Putin pal Donald Trump praised Putin's response to sanctions, calls Russian leader 'very smart!':
Late Friday, Trump again took to his Twitter account to critique how the media has been covering the issue.
Trump's comments and his handling of the Russian hacking allegations could embolden foreign hackers and undermine the U.S. government's ability to respond to them, analysts say. Trump's doubts about cybersecurity alarm experts.
Trump's praise for Putin was followed on Saturday with this bizarre claim: Trump Promises a Revelation on Hacking:
President-elect Donald J. Trump, expressing lingering skepticism about intelligence assessments of Russian interference in the election, said on Saturday evening that he knew "things that other people don't know" about the hacking, and that the information would be revealed "on Tuesday or Wednesday."
He added: "And I know a lot about hacking. And hacking is a very hard thing to prove. So it could be somebody else. And I also know things that other people don't know, and so they cannot be sure of the situation."
When asked what he knew that others did not, Mr. Trump demurred, saying only, "You'll find out on Tuesday or Wednesday."
It is a fact that The Kremlin's candidate, Putin pal Donald Trump, has a pro-Putin inner circle, and there have been unconfirmed reports that the Russians were sharing their hacking with the Trump campaign. If confirmed, this would be an explosive revelation of coordinating with a foreign government. The computer server that the media should be fixated on. Is this Trump's big reveal?
And if Donald Trump has relevant information about the Russian hacking that he believes the intelligence agencies do not have, why has the president-elect not already shared this information with the intelligence agencies (instead of refusing security briefings)? Whose interests does Trump represent? This is U.S. national security we are talking about here, not some goddamn reality TV show.
There is another equally disturbing possibility. Trump's grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents), i.e., that "I know a lot about hacking . . . I also know things that other people don't know," raises the concern expressed by three psychologists specializing in personality disorders, explaining how such a disorder might help us understand Donald Trump's comments and behaviors and the challenges that likely lie ahead for our country.
Huffington Post's Richard Greene writes, Is Donald Trump Mentally Ill? 3 Professors Of Psychiatry Ask President Obama To Conduct 'A Full Medical And Neuropsychiatric Evaluation':
I received this stunning letter to President Obama from a source, with written permission from Dr. Herman, Dr. Gartrell and Dr. Mosbacher, because the source knew that I had been interviewing Psychiatrists and Psychologists about Donald Trump's alleged "Narcissistic Personality Disorder".
Virtually every mental health professional I interviewed told me that they believed, with 100% certainty, that Mr. Trump satisfied the DSM criteria of this incurable illness and that, as a result, he is a serious danger to the country and the world.
Listed below is a summary of their comments and an overview of this psychiatric condition.
We are writing to express our grave concern regarding the mental stability of our President-Elect. Professional standards do not permit us to venture a diagnosis for a public figure whom we have not evaluated personally. Nevertheless, his widely reported symptoms of mental instability — including grandiosity, impulsivity, hypersensitivity to slights or criticism, and an apparent inability to distinguish between fantasy and reality — lead us to question his fitness for the immense responsibilities of the office. We strongly recommend that, in preparation for assuming these responsibilities, he receive a full medical and neuropsychiatric evaluation by an impartial team of investigators.
Judith Herman, M.D.
Nanette Gartrell, M.D.
Associate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry
University of California, San Francisco (1988-2011)
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School (1983-87)
Dee Mosbacher, M.D., Ph.D.
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Community Health Systems
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM – 5, Cluster B) for "Narcissistic Personality Disorder" by The American Psychiatric Association (APA)
Here, according to The APA, are the 9 criteria for "Narcissistic Personality Disorder". If an individual has 5 out of the 9 they have a confirmed diagnosis of this illness. Many individuals have "traits" of narcissism but only about 1% of the population has clinical NPD.
"Summary : A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following:
1. Has a grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)
2. Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love.
3. Believe that he or she is "special" and unique and can only be understood by, or should associate with other special or high-status people (or institutions)
4. Requires excessive admiration
5. Has a sense of entitlement
6. Is interpersonally exploitative
7. Lacks empathy: is unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs of others
8. Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her.
9. Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes."
What does it mean if someone does have NPD?
If someone does have "Narcissistic Personality Disorder" they can, indeed, wake up, see a Tweet or a news report from a foreign leader criticizing him, mocking him, calling him "weak" or threatening his ego in any way and order some kind of impulsive, vindictive, punishing, immediate response that could include an unhinged order to attack that foreign leader or foreign country with military force, even including the authorization of nuclear weapons.
It is extremely likely that there would be some kind of impulsive, angry diplomatic response.
Because someone afflicted with this incurable and progressive "Narcissistic Personality Disorder" simply can't help himself.
1. People with NPD are extremely sensitive and insecure. They psychologically require constant compliments and acknowledgement because they do not have their own internal self-esteem. They need to get it from others.
2. If someone does criticize them, even in a Tweet or on a television comedy show, it triggers this deep and painful lack of self-esteem and they MUST lash out to relieve the pain of the criticism.
3. They have only two modes: They are either fully your friend and love you or you are their enemy and they will do everything to discredit you or humiliate you. They can't help it. The pain of having someone in their circle who does not approve of them or acknowledge them, (almost constantly), is too great.
4. There are only two ways to deal with someone with NPD, and they are both dangerous. There is no healthy way of interacting with someone with this affliction. If you criticize them they will lash out at you and if they have a great deal of power, that can be consequential. If you compliment them it only acts to increase the delusional and grandiose reality the sufferer has created, causing him to be even more reliant on constant and endless compliments and unwavering support.
5. Because they crave the attention and approval of others they develop great capacity to engage and entertain and can be quite charismatic, even to the point of developing a cult-like following.
6. Someone with NPD will NEVER get along with any member of the press, or any media outlet that criticizes him.
7. Someone with NPD will NEVER hire (and will fire) anyone who criticizes him. Therefore, and because they believe they know better than almost everyone else, they have a very hard time listening and taking any advice.
Concerns Expressed by Mental Health Professionals
The President of The United State and Commander in Chief is the only American who has ANY say over the mobilization of The United States Military, the authorization of a military strike on a perceived or real enemy and the launch of any and all of the weapons possessed by The United States Military, including 7,000 nuclear warheads.
There is no "Fail Safe." There is no "Team." There is no thoughtful review.
The National Security Advisor, The Secretary of Defense, The Secretary of State, The Joint Chiefs of State and every General in the military can all emphatically say "NO!" but if The Commander in Chief wants to initiate military and even nuclear action, NO ONE can stop him. American law does not allow a military officer to make those decisions.
Only a civilian, The President, elected by The American People can access the nuclear codes. Only that President can use the nuclear codes.
And if he does, the military is duty bound to follow his order.
A President and Commander in Chief who does have Narcissistic Personality Disorder would be very dangerous to all Americans, and the world.
Whether Donald Trump and his pro-Putin inner circle are "useful idiots" or active agents of the Russian government, or whether Donald Trump is a dangerous demagogue with Narcissistic Personality Disorder as these psychologists believe, or it is a combination of both, Americans are soon going to be asking themselves "My God, what have we done?" Too late.
Bill Maki January 3, 2017 at 7:14 am
The computer server link was entirely under-reported and its importance dismissed. All of the comments on AZBM's original post were arguments about the wrong stuff. The traffic pattern is actually very strong evidence of a backdoor link between the Trump Organization and the Alfa Bank and of the attempts by the Trump group to keep it secret. And, yes, from my military service I know something about what can be inferred from communications traffic patterns.
Senator John Kavanagh January 2, 2017 at 11:02 pm
In an interview with Sean Hannity, Julian Assange revealed that Russia was NOT the source of the leaked DNC and Podesta emails.
This is the same Julian Assange and Wikileaks organization that were the darlings of the left for over a decade for exposing government secrets.
If they were respected then, then they should still be respected by the left now. So it appears that it may not have been Russia afterall.
No doubt bad news for those trying to delegitimaze the Trump presidency.
Steve January 2, 2017 at 11:20 pm
If the left has an opportunity to belittle, attack, besmirch, or otherwise denigrate Trump, old loyalties mean nothing. Hurting Trump is the preimminent goal for the next 8 years, regardless of what that entails. They also claim to hate fake news, but if fake news will hurt Trump, they will look the other way.
Liza January 3, 2017 at 12:02 pm
I wouldn't place any bets on Trump being president for eight years. In fact, his being around for four years is highly questionable, but I'm not ready to predict anything. If the Democrats were stronger, he wouldn't be able to finish his one and only term.
But, of course, we'll see.
Steve January 4, 2017 at 5:59 am
Neither one of us has any idea how long Trump will remain in office, Liza. Looking at history, incumbency carries a lot of weight and most Presidents go for two terms. From your perspective (impeachment and removal from office) the record is not so rosy. Impeachment is tough, expecially with a GOP majority in the House and removing him from office nearly impossible with the GOP controlling the Senate. He might resign because he gets bored or decides the job is no fun, but that is unlikely, too, because he likes the power the office carries.
Amyway, as you say, we'll see…
AZ BlueMeanie January 3, 2017 at 6:29 am
I for one have never respected Julian Assange and Wikileaks, so don't include me in your broadside against the "left," Comrade.
censored January 2, 2017 at 1:44 pm
he will reveal that putin made obama tell rust belt voters that their good paying jobs are never coming back and to get over it and putin made mrs clinton tell voters of pennsylvania and ohio that she wanted coal industry to go out of business. the sooner the democratic party gets over this and starts realizing that transgender bathroom supporters have no where else to go and white working class workers do we can become more real event to the voters.
Liza January 2, 2017 at 8:15 am
Welcome to the reality show presidency, y'all. Soon to be hosted by our newly elected Buffoon-in-Chief.
Is this really happening?
Check Twitter for the latest developments affecting national security and everything else that crosses the mind of our Buffoon President Elect.
"Professional standards do not permit us to venture a diagnosis for a public figure whom we have not evaluated personally."
But they are not so professional that they won't say publicly that Trump is mentally ill. Given that all the signatories most likely supported Hillary, one can be forgiven for being skeptical about their motives.
On the surface. it appears that way, but look beneath the surface and there are safeguards built in against a President losing control of himself and ordering bogus nuclear attacks on some other country. The Nuclear Surety Program took virtually every scenario you can imagine into account when it was established. The odds of a mentally ill President launching nukes is slim to none.
TS January 2, 2017 at 9:24 am
Actually, Steve, that's not true. I have personal knowledge of this. There is NO safeguard against an insane President using nukes. None. Time from button to launch is less than 2 minutes with NO ONE legally or physically able to countervene. If you think the people in the bunkers would fail to launch, think again. They are specifically chosen for and have a battery of psychological tests done to be sure that a) they are sane and b) they won't question and will launch if the order comes down. Period.
"Actually, Steve, that's not true. I have personal knowledge of this."
Then I am sorry to inform you that your personal knowledge is flawed. Only the President can direct the use of nuclear weapons, including the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP). While the President does have unilateral authority as commander-in-chief to order that nuclear weapons be used for any reason at any time, the actual procedures and technical systems in place for authorizing the execution of a launch order requires a secondary confirmation under a two-man rule, as the President's order is subject to secondary confirmation by the Secretary of Defense.
"If you think the people in the bunkers would fail to launch, think again.
Think so, huh? In 1970, the Strategic Missile Command conducted a major, yet quiet, reorginization. There was a lot of speculation as to why it happened, but many it was the result of a test that was quietly conducted in 1968. In that test, the "two-man teams" manning the missile silos were put in a position of beleiving they had been directed to launch the missiles when they broken open the cookies (does your personal knowledge include knowledge of the "cookies"?). It was rumoured that approximately 30% refused to launch the missiles. Years later, after the 1970 reorginization, another such test was conducted with similar results. It resulted in redundant targeting of warheads.
Hesitancy ti kill other human beings is a natural pert of being human. In the infantry, they teach you that after an attack on an objection to redistribute ammunition among the troops becuase some troops will go through all hell of fighting and never fire their rifle. It is VERY hard to train a soldier or airman to kill.
American Vendetta January 2, 2017 at 9:32 am
You and others like you are just amazingly loyal to the point of idiocracy. Those damn intilectuals and facts will never interfear with the reality you and Trump have created. The Prez Elect was correct when he said he could shoot someone and his supporters would care less. Somehow it would be a liberal lie. But that is par for the course for you Steve. Here is my real question:
Could you lay out this so called "fail safe" for me? Is this just another fantasy you have concocted in order to make you feel safe and continue your faith in Trump? I have never heard of or read anything in that goes beyond someone willing to follow a direct order that could foil a strike command. Something like that would be on an operational level as well because the set of Generals and advisers can be commanded to do so even after protesting Generals choose to resign. Maybe you have some further info you can share with us that is based in academic fact and not emotional fantasy. Please do.
Steve January 2, 2017 at 10:47 am
"You and others like you are just amazingly loyal to the point of idiocracy."
I am not loyal to Trump.
"Could you lay out this so called "fail safe" for me?
No problem. Only the President can direct the use of nuclear weapons, including the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP). While the President does have unilateral authority as commander-in-chief to order that nuclear weapons be used for any reason at any time, the actual procedures and technical systems in place for authorizing the execution of a launch order requires a secondary confirmation under a two-man rule, as the President's order is subject to secondary confirmation by the Secretary of Defense.
American Vendetta January 2, 2017 at 4:25 pm
Please share sources of information you know of on this subject. Any essays, articles, or book titles would be appreciated. Although I have read extensive information about this topic (some including one of your references to the 1968 test, I still have not read anything on the topic that would give me confidence that one man could unilaterally end the world.
Steve January 2, 2017 at 8:47 pm
That is not so easy to do. It is a subject about which not much has been written. During my career in the Army I was assigned to the White House as a Liaison Officer and was required to be Certified in the Personal Reliability Program (the PRP). That is the Program that allows access to the nuclear weapons and the directives and protocols that control them. To get that Certification, I had to study quite a number of both classified and unclassified documents. The best unclassified document is the "World-Wide Military Command and Control System (WWMCCS), Department of Defense Directive 5100.30", issued by Deputy Secretary of Defense David Packard on December 2, 1971. It lays out all the rules governing the release of nuclear weapons, from the President on down the Chain of Command.
I am sorry I can't be more helpful, but I really don't know of any other good sources. Perhaps if you Googled it?


The US sent two warships through the Taiwan Strait on Monday. The USS Curtis Wilbur and Antietam made the politically choppy voyage at a time of already high tensions between Washington and Beijing. China's Foreign Ministry hit back at the US operation on Tuesday, saying the Taiwan issue concerns China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Reuters' Ben Blanchard explains what's at stake from Beijing.>> It's often not appreciated very well in Western capitals just how important and sensitive the Taiwan issue is to Beijing. This is an issue for the Chinese Communist Party that is about their legitimacy. It is about, as they see it, China's sovereignty, and it is about China's territorial integrity.
Anything that threatens, in Beijing's eyes, these issues, and any support that the Americans give to Taiwan's government. And you have to remember Taiwan is a democracy, it is self-ruling. This is something that really freaks out Beijing.>> Taiwans relations with China quickly detoriated after an independence leaning party swept to power in 2016.
But military experts say the balance of power between the two has shifted in China's favor. And while Washington has no formal ties with the island, it is its main source of arms and is bound by law to help it defend itself. In a statement, the US Pacific Fleet, said it will continue to fly, sail, and operate anywhere international law allows.


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text:
Q: Java - Decrypted string using XOR not producing original/encrypted string I've been provided with specific steps regarding encryption which is essentially converting a string to a byte array and "XORing" each byte array element with a specific number and converting this new byte array to a string.
As for the decryption I'm to reconvert the decrypted string into a byte array, take each element XOR this with the number used in the encryption and convert the new decrypted array to a string to give me the exact string i started with.
Unfortunately I'm unable to do obtain the string I started with e.g. when i attempt encrypting 6,7,8,9,10 the decryption returns B@722b9406 not 6,7,8,9,10. Any ideas why this is so?
My ENCRYPTION CODE is below:
    //Take each array element and do "Exclusive or" with "50"
public void XORUnencryptedByteArray() {
    System.out.println("\nPART 3:\nXORUnencryptedByteArray() - " + "UnencryptedStringAsByteArray.length IS: " + UnencryptedStringAsByteArray.length);

    byte[] UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR = new byte[UnencryptedStringAsByteArray.length];

    int XOR_Value = 50;

    byte XOR_Value_as_byte = (byte) XOR_Value;

    System.out.println("\nPART 3:\nXORUnencryptedByteArray() - " + "XOR_Value_as_byte IS: " + XOR_Value_as_byte + "\n");

    for ( int j = 0; j < UnencryptedStringAsByteArray.length; j++ ) {

        System.out.println("\nPOSITION " + j + " OF UnencryptedStringAsByteArray[j] CONTAINS: " + UnencryptedStringAsByteArray[j]);

        System.out.println("\n" + UnencryptedStringAsByteArray[j] + " ^ " + XOR_Value_as_byte + " IS: " + (UnencryptedStringAsByteArray[j] ^ XOR_Value_as_byte));

    }

            for (int i = 0; i < UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR.length; i++) {

                    UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR[i] = (byte) (UnencryptedStringAsByteArray[i] ^ XOR_Value_as_byte);

                System.out.println( "\nPOSITION " + i + " OF UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR[i] IS: " + UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR[i]);
            }

    //Collect all encrypted array elements and convert the byte array to string
    System.out.println("\nUnencryptedByteArraybyXOR.length IS: " + UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR.length);

    System.out.println("\nUnencryptedByteArraybyXOR.toString() AS STRING IS: " + UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR.toString());

    UnencryptedByteArraybyXORAsString = new String(UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR);

    //System.out.println("\nUnencryptedByteArraybyXORAsString IS: " + UnencryptedByteArraybyXORAsString);

    WriteStringToFile(UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR.toString());

}

public void WriteStringToFile(String UnencryptedByteArraybyXORAsString) {
        try {
            String str = UnencryptedByteArraybyXORAsString;
            File newTextFile = new File("/Users/anmonari/Desktop/textfile.txt");

            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(newTextFile);
            fw.write(str);
            fw.close();

        } catch (IOException iox) {
            //do stuff with exception
            iox.printStackTrace();
        }

}

my DECRYPTION code is below:
 public void XORDecryptedByteArray(byte[] encryptedStringAsByteArray) {

    System.out.println("\nXORencryptedByteArray() - " + "encryptedStringAsByteArray.length IS: " + encryptedStringAsByteArray.length);

    byte[] encryptedByteArraybyXOR = new byte[encryptedStringAsByteArray.length];

    int XOR_Value = 50;

    byte XOR_Value_as_byte = (byte) XOR_Value;

    System.out.println("\nXORencryptedByteArray() - " + "XOR_Value_as_byte IS: " + XOR_Value_as_byte + "\n");

    for ( int j = 0; j < encryptedStringAsByteArray.length; j++ ) {

        System.out.println("\n" + encryptedStringAsByteArray[j] + " ^ " + XOR_Value_as_byte + " IS: " + (encryptedStringAsByteArray[j] ^ XOR_Value_as_byte));

    }

            for (int i = 0; i < encryptedByteArraybyXOR.length; i++) {

                  encryptedByteArraybyXOR[i] = (byte) (encryptedStringAsByteArray[i] ^ XOR_Value_as_byte);

                  System.out.println("\n" + "POSITION " + i + " OF encryptedByteArraybyXOR[i] CONTAINS: " + encryptedByteArraybyXOR[i]);
            }

    System.out.println("\ndecryptedByteArraybyXOR.length IS: " + encryptedByteArraybyXOR.length);

    System.out.println("\ndecryptedByteArraybyXOR.toString() AS STRING IS: " + encryptedByteArraybyXOR.toString());

 }

ANY ASSISTANCE IS APPRECIATED !!!!!

A: This is the main problem:
UnencryptedByteArraybyXORAsString = new String(UnencryptedByteArraybyXOR);

You're treating a arbitrary binary data as if it were a string. It's not. You must not create a new string from a byte array which isn't actually encoded binary data.
If you really want to convert an arbitrary byte array to a string in a reversible manner, use base64.
Additionally, when you print out a byte array by just calling toString on it, you'll get exactly a value such as "B@722b9406". That's not a matter of data loss - it's just the way that arrays are converted to strings. Use Arrays.toString(byte[]) to perform a more useful conversion.
Finally, I hope you weren't planning on using this "encryption" for anything sensitive - it's obfuscation at best.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: C# ASP.NET CheckBox_OnCheckedChanged not firing as expected I have an issue with both Checkbox_OnCheckedChanged and Dropdownlist_OnSelectedIndexChanged events not triggering the relevant functions in my code behind.
Both Controls are bound to values in a GridView. On the first OnCheckedChanged or OnSelectedIndexChanged event raised from the UI the functions in the code behind fire without error, however if I refresh my UpdatePanel, for example by changing the date range of the data inside the GridView and therefore loading more or less records, the OnCheckedChanged and OnSelectedIndexChanged functions are no longer called, however a PostBack occurs.
I believe that the functions are not being called as the function that rebinds the GridView is called instead:
 private void report_DateChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
        // Bind GridView here..
 }

however I cannot figure out why this happens.
I have a MasterPage:
namespace ReportingSystemV2.Reporting
{
public partial class Reporting : System.Web.UI.MasterPage
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Attach to DateChanged Event on DateChange UserControl to Function
        DateRangeSelect.dateChanged += new DateRangeSelect.dateChangedEventHandler(dtRgSel_dateChanged);
    }

    // Declare an event for the content pages
    public event EventHandler reportDateChanged;

    // Called on a date change event
    protected void dtRgSel_dateChanged(object sender, DateChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        // Raise the event for content pages
        if (reportDateChanged != null)
            reportDateChanged(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }
}

This MasterPage has a Control for selecting my date range..
The main section of code for my control ascx code is:
<%--UpdatePanel to trigger datechange--%>
<asp:UpdatePanel runat="server" ID="UpdatePanelDateChanged" OnLoad="UpdatePanelDateChanged_Load" >
</asp:UpdatePanel>

<%--When the date changes in javascript a postback is called in the updatepanel--%>
__doPostBack('<%=UpdatePanelDateChanged.ClientID %>', null);

And the the main section of code behind for this control is:
// Declare a delegate
public delegate void dateChangedEventHandler(object sender, DateChangedEventArgs e);

// Declare an event for any pages that have the control
public event dateChangedEventHandler dateChanged;

protected virtual void OnDateChanged(DateChangedEventArgs e)
{
    dateChangedEventHandler handler = dateChanged;

    // Raise the event
    if (handler != null)
        handler(this, e);
}

protected void UpdatePanelDateChanged_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
   // Trigger the controls public event
   OnDateChanged(new DateChangedEventArgs(DateTime.Parse(dates[0]), DateTime.Parse(dates[1])));

}

In my content page my aspx code is:
<%@ Page Title="Downtime" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Reporting/Reporting.Master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GensetDowntime.aspx.cs" Inherits="ReportingSystemV2.Reporting.GensetDowntime" %>

<%@ MasterType VirtualPath="~/Reporting/Reporting.Master" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="ReportingSubContent" runat="server">

    <asp:UpdatePanel ID="updPanelDowntime" runat="server">
        <ContentTemplate>

                    <asp:GridView ID="gridDowntime" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" GridLines="None" CssClass="table table-striped table-condensed"
                        OnRowDataBound="gridDowntime_RowDataBound"
                        OnSelectedIndexChanged="gridDowntime_SelectedIndexChanged"
                        DataKeyNames="ID,ID_Location,iddown,idup,dtdown,dtup,isexempt" EmptyDataText="No exempts in the selected period.">
                        <Columns>
                            <asp:TemplateField>
                                <ItemTemplate>
                            <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Exempt?">
                                <ItemTemplate>
                                    <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlDowntimeExempt" AutoPostBack="true" runat="server"
                                        OnSelectedIndexChanged="ddlDowntimeExempt_SelectedIndexChanged">
                                        <asp:ListItem Value="-1">Unverified</asp:ListItem>
                                        <asp:ListItem Value="1">Yes</asp:ListItem>
                                        <asp:ListItem Value="0">No</asp:ListItem>
                                    </asp:DropDownList>
                                    <asp:Label ID="lblDowntimeExempt" runat="server" Text='<%#DataBinder.Eval(Container.DataItem,"isexempt")%>' Visible="false"></asp:Label>
                                </ItemTemplate>
                            </asp:TemplateField>
                            <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Exclude?">
                                <ItemTemplate>
                                    <asp:CheckBox ID="chkDowntimeExclude" runat="server" Checked='<%#Convert.ToBoolean(Eval("ISEXCLUDED")) %>' OnCheckedChanged="chkDowntimeExclude_CheckedChanged" AutoPostBack="true"/>
                                </ItemTemplate>
                            </asp:TemplateField>
                            <asp:CommandField ShowSelectButton="True" SelectText="Details" />
                        </Columns>

                    </asp:GridView>

        </ContentTemplate>
    </asp:UpdatePanel>

</asp:Content>

And finally my code behind for my content page is:
    protected void Page_PreInit(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Attach to UserControl Event on the MasterPage
        Master.reportDateChanged += new EventHandler(report_DateChanged);
    }

    // If the user changes the date lets update the table
    private void report_DateChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Bind the gridview
    }

    // Function to be called when the ddl selectedindex is changed, only called on initial page load
    protected void ddlDowntimeExempt_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Applies the values selected in the exempt DDL to the database value
    }

    // function to be called when the checkbox checked state is change, again only called on the initial page loading - not after a postback
    protected void chkDowntimeExclude_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // When the Exclude checkbox is changed, update the Db
    }

The code above shows the control that uses javascript to trigger a PostBack on an UpdatePanel, which triggers a public event in the Control. The MasterPage has a function which is attached to the Control Event, this MasterPage functions updates a few values and triggers a new Event which is accessable to my ContentPage. The ContentPage attaches a function to this MasterPage Event and when the DateRange is changed it will load the data for the GridView and bind it.

A: Master pages append extra names at the beginning of controls in "child" pages. Most likely you are expecting the dropdown to have a name but it will have a different longer one like ctrl1$something$dropdown.
Check the ida using inspect in Chrome or dev tools to confirm that this is your problem first.

A: I think you're missing async postback triggers. When an update panel partially posts back, it sends back the whole page, does the processing, and then returns only the portion that changed. Probably in that process, slight ID changes have taken place and then there are missed registrations. The report_DateChanged is fired most probably because it is the first control on the page that implements IPostBackEventHandler (because the postback on the checkbox and dropdown don't work any more)
To resolve that, explicitly add each control that should do an async postback to the update panel's triggers. like this:
protected void gridDowntime_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
{
    DropDownList ddl = e.Row.FindControl("ddlDowntimeExempt") as DropDownList;
    CheckBox cb = e.Row.FindControl("chkDowntimeExclude") as CheckBox;
    ScriptManager.GetCurrent(this).RegisterAsyncPostBackControl(ddl);
    ScriptManager.GetCurrent(this).RegisterAsyncPostBackControl(cb);
}

A: Problem solved, by modifying the code in my DateRangeControl the UpdatePanel is no longer being triggered on all PostBacks, only those where it is called by __doPostBack('<%=UpdatePanelDateChanged.ClientID %>', null); in my Javascript.
protected void UpdatePanelDateChanged_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (Request["__EVENTTARGET"] == UpdatePanelDateChanged.ClientID)
    {

        //Trigger Event
        OnDateChanged(new DateChangedEventArgs(DateTime.Parse(dates[0]), DateTime.Parse(dates[1])));

    }
}

Solution reference: http://encosia.com/are-you-making-these-3-common-aspnet-ajax-mistakes/


Sharjah launched its first English language radio station Pulse 95 Radio on Monday with a star-studded event at the Al Majaz Amphitheatre. The opening ceremony was held under the patronage of Sheikh Sultan Bin Ahmed Al Qasimi, Chairman of Sharjah Media Council (SMC). Sheikh Sultan Bin Ahmed Al Qasimi was among the first voice to be heard on Pulse 95 radio, when he started proceedings by taking On Air questions.
The channel will hit the airwaves on 95.0 FM and can also be accessed by listeners from the Sharjah Media Corporation's (SMC) web and mobile application. With the broadcast going out across the Emirates, English radio fans across the UAE can look forward to a new FM radio station for their listening entertainment.
The Pulse 95 Radio station revealed its brand name, theme and a diverse team of radio hosts and presenters at the event. The team includes Emirati, Arab, and international presenters: Ana Schofield, Amna Roberts, Sally Mousa, Sara Al Madani, Omar Al Busaidy, Hassan Dennaoui (Big Hass) and Iman Al Majali.
Among the shows announced at the launch, Pulse 95 will have a vibrant team of local and international presenters bringing world-class content through its flagship shows "The Morning Majlis," "Musafir in the City" and "Yalla Home," in addition there will be a blend of acoustic music covering the latest trendy hits for the listeners of the UAE.
The Pulse 95 Radio hits the UAE airwaves with a energetic mix of talk, lifestyle, news and music. The radio channel will begin broadcasting under a theme and bill itself as "the Heart of Sharjah", and will focus on carrying news of the latest business and commercial developments happening in the Emirate. Pulse 95 Radio will be projecting itself as a fun, positive, feel-good station, which brings local and international personalities, stories, and city-focused features that showcase Sharjah's rich cultural heritage.


At ZOHD Dart XL Extreme is a high quality 1000mm fixed wing with many innovations. Instead of taking the easy route and scaling up the highly acclaimed Dart, ZOHD instead created a new wing which they believe is the ultimate mid to long range wing.
Performance and portability where always on the table, but ZOHD didn't stop there: without cutting any corners ZOHD went straight for environmentally friendly materials 100% biodegradable, metal gear servos, high quality power plant, protection for leading edges and skids, vortex generators, revolutionary multi-cam hard nose and much, much more.
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- Small size airframe optimized for long range and portability… not to mention the COOL factor!
- Fly Green: New ZOHD's exclusive BEPP material isn't only crash resistance, but even more important: 100% biodegradable. Future generations will thank you for that.
- Multi-camera nose: Compatible with 99% of the FPV and HD cameras in the market: Runcam HD, 2, 3S, Swift, Split, GoPro H4-5-6-7, Session and much more!
- Vortex generators for improving lift efficiency and gain higher control at low speeds. Use them straight and you will have even better Yaw stability!
- Load it as much you want with a huge equipment bay!
- Full spare parts supply, worry free fun. Fly it like you stole it!


Portfolio allocation is the perennial client question. How much do I allocate to bonds? Which bonds do I use? How much diversification do I need?
We asked five specialists for their thoughts.
My theory hasn't changed much over the years. People primarily invest in bonds for their defensive qualities – capital preservation and reliable income. Aside from that, I'm a conservative investor, having worked in the Recovery Department for a major bank and watched as people lost their homes as the consequence of poor financial decisions.
So, in terms of your overall portfolio, I'd work out what you need to live the life you want to lead and allocate that to the defensive part of your portfolio - bonds and cash. More bonds should give you higher returns, but more risk. More cash will reduce risk but also reduce returns. You need to work out a balance between the two.
For the bond part of a portfolio, I'd suggest 70% should be investment grade and 30% high yield. Both of these figures can be scaled up or down. The 70% combined with your cash holdings should be the amount you think you need to live as you would like for the rest of your life.
So, if you have large holdings, of say $10m in bonds, but think you could live as you would wish on $3m, then you might allocate $3m to investment grade bonds and be happy investing the remaining $7m in high yield.
On the other hand, I once met an investor who as a legacy, wanted to open a museum. He was intent on growing capital conservatively to protect his vision. In that instance a 90 to 100% investment grade portfolio would have been appropriate.
Across the total bond portfolio, I would suggest an allocation to fixed, floating and inflation linked bonds depending on your views of where you think future interest rates might be. Weightings might move between the three. I've always liked fixed rate bonds for their absolute certainty and despite the possibility of higher rates in future – I'm not convinced they will increase any time soon or by any significant amount. So, I'd be happy to hold circa 40 - 50% fixed, including some long dated protection, just in case we are in a period of sustained low interest rates.
Then I'd split the difference between floating rate and inflation linked bonds.
Like others have suggested, I'd only hold small amounts for each high yield issuer. One word of caution – watch your allocation per asset class, sector, company and geographical location. So many Australian investors are over-weight in financials.
Asset allocation differentials between equities, property and debt sectors will depend on your tolerance for risk, and that is usually a function of age.
Equities and property, to a slightly lower extent, have historically exhibited higher returns than bonds in the long term, but also have experienced significantly higher volatility. Younger people, in a wealth accumulation phase, can afford to suffer the short term implications of that volatility, but older people, in wealth expenditure phase, cannot.
The allocation to bonds, a defensive and more secure asset with reliable forward return projections, should be larger the older you are.
A rule of thumb is difficult to isolate, but given current life expectancy, as a general rule allocating your actual age as a percentage to the sector is a good starting point. So as you approach retirement, a 65 year old might have 65% exposure to bonds.
9The older you are, again, the less risk that should be taken. I favour a simplistic model of allocation of a larger percentage to lower risk profile assets the older you are. But risk is not just associated with credit rating. The average tenor of exposure should be shorter the older you are.
As a fair guide, any corporate debt greater than five years is considered 'long term', with three years considered medium term. Simplistically, the longer the investment, the higher the risk associated with the variance of performance in the business model to which the investor is lending.
So that same rule of thumb applied for the age based allocation system between asset classes could be applied to the specific bond allocation. At 65 years of age, the bond allocation could be 65% Investment Grade (IG) and 35% Non-IG (high yield or unrated), and the tenor allocation could be 65% @ 3 year tenor and 35% @ a 5 year (average tenor), delivering a near 3.75 year term to maturity target (or near 3.5 year 'duration').
How much (of my investable wealth) should I allocate to bonds?
As much as is possible. Diversity across non correlated industries protects investors during periods of downturns. Apply diversity to all asset allocation sectors, within reason. Direct property is difficult to diversify given minimum entry thresholds, but diversity is easily achieved via listed equities and the bond market, whether investing within a trust, or directly, taking advantage of FIIG's DirectBond service.
When investing in bonds like every other asset class, you need to assess your risk tolerance and risk appetite.
If you have a large portfolio, which generates more income than you need, then you may have a higher risk tolerance, as any capital losses will not impact your lifestyle, although risk tolerance and appetite are not always aligned!!
Australians generally have a high risk appetite. Historically, equities and property have shown good returns, helped by a growing population and the longest period of developed market economic growth recorded.
However past performance does not guarantee future returns.
With this in mind, I would recommend generally looking at a higher allocation to defensive assets, which would include investment grade bonds and maybe even government bonds. Current super fund models show most portfolios carry up to 90% equity style risk, which is in my opinion far too high. Retirement portfolios should contain 40% defensive assets such as bonds as a minimum.
The lower yields on these investments (particularly government bonds) mean you need to be able to tolerate the opportunity cost of a lower yield as a sort of 'insurance premium' against a large fall in risk asset prices (equities, property and high yield bonds).
The ATO tells us that SMSFs have around 1% of assets allocated to bonds and 25% to cash. I would look to rebalance that to almost no cash (as a stand-alone asset – I would have a decent proportion of my equity allocation in cash or short dated AAA rated bonds for liquidity at the moment awaiting opportunity), and the balance in investment grade bonds, with perhaps 1/3 of those being relatively long dated government bonds.
Diversification is the investor's best weapon against loss. Aim to diversify your portfolio as much as possible particularly in higher risk, higher yielding positions.
This also applies to sectors, just as it does within an equity portfolio.
The safer the position in terms of credit risk, then the more comfortable I am with a larger position, and would consider a 10% allocation to a very safe bond a maximum allocation.
There are other types of risk, such as interest rate risk, which can be managed depending on your view, but again I think the principle of not having all your eggs in one basket is sound.
This means having a range of maturities so that you get your money back at regular intervals, allowing you to take advantage of the prevailing market conditions to your advantage, regardless of where interest rates are going. Managed funds do not allow you to have control of your maturity schedule in this way, and so while offering diversification, they take away this key attribute of fixed income.
For certain exposures, such as the government bond hedge I mentioned earlier, it is desirable to take interest rate exposure via a longer dated position, as this is what gives you the protection. Remaining exposures particularly in high yield credit should have shorter terms until maturity to compensate.
Finally, I would add US dollar denominated foreign currency bonds. This adds diversification, but also if history is to repeat itself in times of correction, then this should provide an added hedge to the AUD value of the portfolio.
I have preferred to take high yield positions here in recent times, up to around 25-30% of the portfolio, as we have seen a rising rate environment in the US which has made longer dated, higher quality USD bonds underperform.
This may be ending soon, and those longer bonds may well be a good place to place this allocation.
Note: In September 2017, Jon began a sample portfolio to demonstrate how an actively managed bond portfolio performs over time. To view his most recent update click here.
One of the most misunderstood topics in fixed income asset management is the role of currency.
A typical fixed income fund manager hedges out all currency movements because their job is to manage fixed income. They aren't paid to help your overall portfolio; they are paid to get the best result within their specific mandate, ie bonds. But a fund manager charged with looking after your entire portfolio will use the full breadth of investment markets to best achieve your goals.
And if you are running your own portfolio in an SMSF, then that's your job. You have the opportunity to use all the tools at your disposal, so if you feel you understand what those tools can do and the risks they bring, you should be using them in the right combinations to get the job done.
For Australians, this logic is further extended by the overweight risk that our economy and sharemarket has in China's economic health. A downturn in China would impact global equities, but more so our equities. It would also push down the AUD, meaning that the AUD value of any holdings you have in other currencies goes up. If you have an USD property, bond portfolio or share portfolio worth AUD1m today and the value of the AUDUSD falls 10% next month because of fears of a Chinese slowdown, that portfolio is then worth AUD1.1m. This will offset $100,000 worth of losses you have made on your equities portfolio.
Repeating the first principle in a different way, the point of having some of your portfolio in other currencies is NOT to punt on foreign exchange markets. Currency markets are the most heavily traded markets in the world and unlike equities and bonds, they are a zero sum game (for every person winning a dollar, someone lost a dollar). If you think you know better than the average professional in that market, there are currency trading websites (but that would be the last place I'd be putting my money!).
With all that in mind, the last point that you need to decide is USD, EUR, JPY or GBP (these are the "flight to safety" currencies that will work better in this strategy, particularly USD). For us at present, USD is really the only choice. Japan's economy will also suffer if the Chinese economy slows suddenly, so it doesn't make as strong a hedge; the UK is subject to high volatility at present due to Brexit; and the EUR still has some structural issues to sort through.
I head Investment Strategy and therefore construct three model portfolios, which are updated monthly and can be found on the FIIG website. Each of the three DirectBond portfolios has different levels of risk. For the Conservative lower risk portfolio, I aim to have at least 10 securities in a portfolio and to have a mix of fixed, floating and inflation linked securities, with a roughly neutral split across the three security types, acknowledging the inflation allocation is often lower due to product scarcity.
For the two other portfolios (Balanced and High Yield), I aim to have at least 20 securities to reduce the single name concentration risk.
Additionally, the portfolios should have at least four sectors and staggered maturities in line with investor objectives for expected maturity cashflow and their view or appreciation of duration risk which measures the sensitivity of a portfolio to a change in market benchmark interest rates..
It is better and more diverse to have a larger number of names with smaller face values in differing sectors. This way if a single name or sector comes under pressure there is less chance of contagion across the whole portfolio.
This is particularly important since default correlation is complex.
This is especially important as 'default probability' and associated correlation is an art not a science. Simply put it's not obvious for example, if Ford goes under, whether that is a huge positive to GM as it has lost a major competitor or whether Ford is in dire trouble and it shows there is something structurally wrong with the industry.
From time to time we invite respected financial services experts and commentators to contribute to The WIRE.


Indian low cost airlines Spicejet are about to increase charges for cancellation, revisions and pre-booked excess baggage from today 1st February, 2016. Previous charges for cancelling domestic and international flights were 1,800 and 2,250 INR which have been revised to 1,899 and 2,349 INR respectively. Cancellation and revision timelines have also been reduced. Previously the airline allowed passengers to cancel/revise tickets 1 hour prior to domestic flights and 3 hours prior to international flights. From today onward, cancellation and revision will only be registered 2 hours prior to domestic flights and 4 hours before international flights.
On the other hand, pre-book excess baggage fee is hiked to 990 INR for 5 KGs and 1,750 INR for 10 KGs. Earlier prices were 900 INR and 1,600 INR respectively. For international flights, the revised rates are 1,950 INR for 5 KGs and 3,900 for 10 KGs, up from 1,800 and 3,700 INR respectively. Chances are that Spicejet will secure a considerable sum of money from passenger unaware of the latest changes in fine structure.


Hi all. long time viewer first time poster here.
I have taken the "Sony Shilling" and almost all my gadgets (except the TV and tv-recorder) are Sony/Xperia/PS etc.
I have also bought a Chromecast hdmi gadget.
Now, I know that I can power up the PS3 and listen to my Music Unlimited subscription OR 'cast' it to my sony amplifier brick OR plug my Z1.Compact/Z2.Tablet into the usb/hdmi adapter to carry on listening when I walk in the door.
However, even my humble podcast software will let me come in through the door and 'cast' to the chromecast.
Does anyone know if Sony are amending the Walkman/Music/Video unlimited service to allow send-and-stream via the Chromecast widget.
My partner uses the Google Play music/Movies suite and it's seamless.


Founder Becky Minor's original vision, before the idea for Realm Makers was conceived, was of a co-op of Christian authors taking books to conventions and festivals where readers congregate, called the Faith and Fantasy Alliance. Becky hoped to help authors collaborate to promote their books. One of the chief challenges new authors face in today's market is discoverability. Bowker (the folks who sell ISBNs) reported about 625,000 independently published books going to market in 2015, and that doesn't even account for books released through traditional publishing. It's no wonder it's so hard for authors to find readers "in the wild"–readers who aren't a part of their immediate friends-and-family network.
If we are in your area, please come and visit us!
Of course, the consignment portion of the bookstore at each Realm Makers conference continues to be open to Published Level Members, so if you're planning on joining us at the conference, consider whether you want to bring books to sell there.