text:
I researched witchcraft for a Halloween article over at The Anne Boleyn Files but thought that this article was relevant here too.
A great article on the UK's Channel 4 website, entitled "Time Traveller's Guide to Tudor England" talks about how modern science was in its infancy in the 16th century, as was medicine, and it was natural for people to rely on old-fashioned beliefs and astrology to explain the world and to use potions, charms, amulets and horoscopes to cure ills, for protection and to deal with problems. This article gives an example of a common belief at the time – that toothache was caused by little worms! It sounds silly to us today but perhaps in centuries to come people will look back and laugh at our beliefs.
What I have found interesting in my research into Tudor times and the famous astrologer, mathematician and genius John Dee (a good friend and adviser of Elizabeth I), is that religion, astrology and the use of charms went hand in hand in medieval and Tudor times. As the Channel 4 article says: "Ony the strictest Puritans make a clear distinction between the two [religion and the spirit world]". It was common for monarchs to consult astrologers to read their nativity charts or to pick auspicious days for events such as coronations or weddings, and for common people to consult "wise men" or "cunning women" about health problems, money problems or marital problems. It all seems very weird looking back on it with our twenty-first century eyes but who are we to judge. Do you consult your horoscope? Do you have a lucky mascot or charm?
People who practised white magic were known as "wise men "or "cunning women" and their job was to help people. It was believed that the seventh son of a seventh son would be a white witch and things like slight physical blemishes or deformities were signs of having "the gift".
The Channel 4 article gives historical examples of white magic being used:-
Adam Squire, the master of Balliol College (1571-1580), would sell gamblers a "familiar" (a spirit or "fly") to give them luck at playing dice.
A cunning woman being sent for by churchwardens in Thatcham, Berkshire, in 1583 to find the thief who stole the communion cloth from the church.
Thomas Ross's book "Natural and Artificial Conclusions" (1567) teaching people how to walk on water.
Prophecies – Elizabeth Barton, the Holy Maid of Kent (or Nun of Kent), prophesying that Henry VIII would meet disaster if he divorced Catherine of Aragon. Barton was allarently visited by the Virgin Mary who gave her this prophecy but the Virgin mary could not save her for being hanged at Tyburn for treason for speaking out against the King.
Charms could be purchased from wise men or women to ward off evil, to bring good luck, to cure illness, to prevent drunkenness, to find lost property, to get rid of vermin, to get children to sleep, to make someone fall in love with you, to determine the sex of a baby, to put out fires and all other manner of things. They were part of everyday life and not seen as evil or incompatible with religion.
One such charm was the Tudor "angel" coin. This coin was originally issued by Edward IV in the 1460s and featured on their face the Archangel St Michael trampling on a dragon's head. These coins were seen as powerful charms which could ward off evil spirits and bad luck.
Witches and Witchcraft
The Pendle Witches
The people of the Tudor and Stuart era were not against using charms and believing superstitions but they did fear witches and witchcraft. The Channel 4 article quotes George Gifford, a preacher from Essex, who said:
"If there were no witches, there should be no plagues"
showing that people of the time blamed natural disasters on witches and witchcraft, and they thought that they could prevent such disasters if they got got rid of people thought to be witches. We know that Henry VIII talked about being bewitched by Anne Boleyn, although he probably did not mean it literally, and she was accused of incest, a sin that was linked to witchcraft. Her enemies sought to blacken her name by spreading rumours that she had a sixth finger and a wen on her neck, physical blemishes that could be signs of a witch, and said that she had a deformed baby and cast a spell over the King, causing his obsession with her and his impotence problems. It all sounds ludicrous but in a superstitious age these stories could have been believed.
According to "Witches and Witchcraft in the Medieval World", concerns over witchcraft grew in the 1540s and Henry VIII went as far as to pass an Act against it, making witchcraft punishable by death. This act was repealed a few years later, but further acts were passed in 1563 and 1604. These acts led to widespread fear and paranoia, witch hunts and many innocent and gifted women being accused of witchcraft and even being hanged. An article on wikipedia on witchcraft tals of three varieties of "witch", as described by Éva Pócs:-
The "neighbourhood witch" or "social witch" – This label covers a person who would curse their neighbour after an argument.
The "sorcerer" or "magical" witch – This label covers healers, seers, sorcerers and even midwives, or anyone thought to use magic to increase their fortune to the detriment of their community.
The "night" or "supernatural" witch – A person who appears as a demon in visions or dreams.
As you can see from those definitions, it would be very easy for a person to be labelled as a witch because of arguments, tensions in villages and neighbourhoods or their skills at healing or in helping women with childbirth. Many articles on witchcraft in the Tudor and Stuart eras make the point that many of the accused were old women who were poor and lived by themselves. If they fell out with their neighbour, shouted a curse at them in the heat of the moment and then that neighbour suffered some kind of ill fortune then the woman could be accused of causing the ill fortune or accident by her curse, by witchcraft. How sad!
More than 90% of those accused of witchcraft between 1450 and 1750 were women and this is probably because they were seen as weaker and therefore more willing to do the Devil's work. Women were also seen as temptresses and perhaps this harkens back to The Fall of Man, the original sin where Eve sinned and then caused Adam to sin also.
So, how many people were tried and executed for witchcraft in England?
This is hard to answer. Here are some statistics from different sources:-
The Channel 4 article states in Essex in the 1580s 13% of assize trials were for witchcraft and that out of 64 people accused of witchcraft 53 were found guilty.
In an article entitled "Women in Tudor and Stuart Times", Scribd states that 3000 women were officially tried for witchcraft in England between 1563 and 1700 and out of those 400 were hanged.
"Witches and Witchcraft in the Medieval World" states that there were 785 cases involving 474 witches tried by the Home Circuit (assizes in Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent, Surrey and Sussex) between 1558 and 1709. Only 104 were hanged but 209 were convicted. However, this article points out that figures only take into account formal trials and does not take into account action taken against people thought to be witches by their local communities.
"Witch Trials in Early Modern Europe" cites statistics from Ronald Hutton, author of "Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles" and states that over a 250 year period 228 executions for witchcraft were recorded but it is thought that the actual figure could be anywhere between 300 and 1,000.
Why the Witch Hunts and Paranoia?
In my research on witches and witchcraft it became obvious to me that allegations of witchcraft could be used by the church to control or get rid of people whose beliefs did not fit in with accepted religious beliefs, by communities to get rid of people who were causing arguments and conflicts, or by husbands to rid themselves of annoying wives. I suspect that such allegations were also caused by fear of the unknown, such as the skills of midwives and herbalists, and the need to blame someone and something for accidents and disasters. It is sad to think that many innocent free thinking women and skilled practitioners were labelled as witches and imprisoned or hanged.
Anne Redferne and "Chattox" depicted in the novel "The Lancashire Witches"
The Pendle Witches or Lancashire Witches are the most famous witches in British history. Ten of the thirteen witches were hanged in 1612 at Lancaster gaol after having been found guilty of witchcraft. It was alleged that the thirteen witches had caused the deaths of around seventeen people in the Forest of Pendle area by using witchcraft and that they got the power to kill and harm by selling their souls to "familiars". The "witches" were accused of causing death to their victims by making effigies known as "pictures of clay" which they then crumbled or burned over a period of time.
The thirteen "witches" were Alizon Device, Elizabeth Device, James Device, Anne Whittle (alias Chattox), Anne Redferne, Alice Nutter, Katherine Hewitt, John Bulcock, Jane Bulcock, Isobel Robey, Elizabeth Southerns (alias Demdike), Jennet Preston and Margaret Pearson. Pearson was found guilty of witchcraft but not murder and so was given a one year prison sentence, Preston was hanged at York because she lived in Yorkshire and Southerns died in prison before the trial. The remaining ten were hanged at Lancaster.
You can find out more about their story at http://www.pendlewitches.co.uk/.
"Women in Tudor and Stuart Times" – Scribd
The Medieval World – Court Depositions in 16th Century English Witch Trials
"Time Traveller's Guide to Tudor England" – Channel 4
Wikipedia article "Witchcraft"
"Witch Trials in Early Modern Europe – Wikipedia
Tudor Contraception William Shakespeare
3 thoughts on "Witchcraft"
Ellie says:
It's doesn't tell about alizabeth southerner life
Amerah says:
This did not help me at all tbh because i wntd 2 knw why did the elizabethans./stuarts believe in witches? please try and answer it..
Bailey Urresti says:
I loved this article, but I have one question still lingering in my mind. Was witchcraft real or fake in the Elizabethan era. I know that most of it was quite obviously that it was fake. But, has there been a time where is was real?


text:
0800 690 6772 info@aberdeensolar.com
Feed In Tariff
Get paid to generate solar electricity!
The Feed in Tariff is a scheme introduced by the UK government in 2010 which means you get paid for every unit of electricity you generate whether you use it or not.
The scheme is guaranteed for 20 years, and ensures that payments will rise in line with inflation, as well as being totally tax-free. This means that not only will you reduce your yearly energy bills, but you'll even be generating an income through the installation of your solar panels.
A 4.00 KW could earn you £494 Every Year for 20 Years TAX Free & Inflation Linked
Feed-In Tariffs were introduced on 1 April 2010 and replaced UK government grants as the main financial incentive to encourage uptake of renewable electricity-generating technologies.
How you will benefit:
FIT Payments. The Feed In Tariff guarantees a payment of 14.38p per kWh* for every unit of electricity generated by your solar PV system for 20 years after its installation, even if you're using some of that electricity yourself in the house.
Export Payments. On top of this, you're guaranteed 4.77p per kWh for every kWh of electricity that is exported to the national grid for other people to use. For most systems the electricity companies simply estimate this figure as being 50% of the total generated.
Offset Electricity. PV generated electricity is also available to be used by you in your house as it's being generated, meaning that you don't need to buy this electricity from the electricity companies. This is known as offset electricity costs, and is worth around 13p per kWh that's used.
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Inverter faults
Solar Thermal & PV NIC4106
Copyright 2015 Aberdeen Solar Ltd.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
extern "C" {
#include <hidsdi.h>
}

#include <setupapi.h>
#include <winioctl.h>

namespace device {

struct PendingHidTransfer : public base::RefCounted<PendingHidTransfer>,
                            public base::win::ObjectWatcher::Delegate,
                            public base::MessageLoop::DestructionObserver {
  PendingHidTransfer(scoped_refptr<HidConnectionWin> connection,
                     scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> target_buffer,
                     scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> receive_buffer,
                     HidConnection::IOCallback callback);

  void TakeResultFromWindowsAPI(BOOL result);

  OVERLAPPED* GetOverlapped() { return &overlapped_; }

  // Implements base::win::ObjectWatcher::Delegate.
  virtual void OnObjectSignaled(HANDLE object) OVERRIDE;

  // Implements base::MessageLoop::DestructionObserver
  virtual void WillDestroyCurrentMessageLoop() OVERRIDE;

  scoped_refptr<HidConnectionWin> connection_;
  scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> target_buffer_;
  scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> receive_buffer_;
  HidConnection::IOCallback callback_;
  OVERLAPPED overlapped_;
  base::win::ScopedHandle event_;
  base::win::ObjectWatcher watcher_;

 private:
  friend class base::RefCounted<PendingHidTransfer>;

  virtual ~PendingHidTransfer();

  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(PendingHidTransfer);
};

PendingHidTransfer::PendingHidTransfer(
    scoped_refptr<HidConnectionWin> connection,
    scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> target_buffer,
    scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> receive_buffer,
    HidConnection::IOCallback callback)
    : connection_(connection),
      target_buffer_(target_buffer),
      receive_buffer_(receive_buffer),
      callback_(callback),
      event_(CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL)) {
  memset(&overlapped_, 0, sizeof(OVERLAPPED));
  overlapped_.hEvent = event_.Get();
}

PendingHidTransfer::~PendingHidTransfer() {
  base::MessageLoop::current()->RemoveDestructionObserver(this);
}

void PendingHidTransfer::TakeResultFromWindowsAPI(BOOL result) {
  if (result || GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
    connection_->OnTransferFinished(this);
  } else {
    base::MessageLoop::current()->AddDestructionObserver(this);
    AddRef();
    watcher_.StartWatching(event_.Get(), this);
  }
}

void PendingHidTransfer::OnObjectSignaled(HANDLE event_handle) {
  connection_->OnTransferFinished(this);
  Release();
}

void PendingHidTransfer::WillDestroyCurrentMessageLoop() {
  watcher_.StopWatching();
  connection_->OnTransferCanceled(this);
}

HidConnectionWin::HidConnectionWin(const HidDeviceInfo& device_info)
    : HidConnection(device_info) {
  file_.Set(CreateFileA(device_info.device_id.c_str(),
                        GENERIC_WRITE | GENERIC_READ,
                        FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
                        NULL,
                        OPEN_EXISTING,
                        FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
                        NULL));

  if (!file_.IsValid() &&
      GetLastError() == base::File::FILE_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
    file_.Set(CreateFileA(device_info.device_id.c_str(),
                          GENERIC_READ,
                          FILE_SHARE_READ,
                          NULL,
                          OPEN_EXISTING,
                          FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
                          NULL));
  }
}

HidConnectionWin::~HidConnectionWin() {
  CancelIo(file_.Get());
}

void HidConnectionWin::PlatformRead(scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> buffer,
                                    const HidConnection::IOCallback& callback) {
  scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> receive_buffer =
      new net::IOBufferWithSize(device_info().max_input_report_size);

  scoped_refptr<PendingHidTransfer> transfer(
      new PendingHidTransfer(this, buffer, receive_buffer, callback));
  transfers_.insert(transfer);
  transfer->TakeResultFromWindowsAPI(
      ReadFile(file_.Get(),
               receive_buffer->data(),
               static_cast<DWORD>(receive_buffer->size()),
               NULL,
               transfer->GetOverlapped()));
}

void HidConnectionWin::PlatformWrite(
    uint8_t report_id,
    scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> buffer,
    const HidConnection::IOCallback& callback) {
  // The Windows API always wants either a report ID (if supported) or
  // zero at the front of every output report.
  scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> output_buffer(buffer);
  output_buffer = new net::IOBufferWithSize(buffer->size() + 1);
  output_buffer->data()[0] = report_id;
  memcpy(output_buffer->data() + 1, buffer->data(), buffer->size());

  scoped_refptr<PendingHidTransfer> transfer(
      new PendingHidTransfer(this, output_buffer, NULL, callback));
  transfers_.insert(transfer);
  transfer->TakeResultFromWindowsAPI(
      WriteFile(file_.Get(),
                output_buffer->data(),
                static_cast<DWORD>(output_buffer->size()),
                NULL,
                transfer->GetOverlapped()));
}

void HidConnectionWin::PlatformGetFeatureReport(
    uint8_t report_id,
    scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> buffer,
    const IOCallback& callback) {
  scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> receive_buffer =
      new net::IOBufferWithSize(device_info().max_feature_report_size);
  // The first byte of the destination buffer is the report ID being requested.
  receive_buffer->data()[0] = report_id;

  scoped_refptr<PendingHidTransfer> transfer(
      new PendingHidTransfer(this, buffer, receive_buffer, callback));
  transfers_.insert(transfer);
  transfer->TakeResultFromWindowsAPI(
      DeviceIoControl(file_.Get(),
                      IOCTL_HID_GET_FEATURE,
                      NULL,
                      0,
                      receive_buffer->data(),
                      static_cast<DWORD>(receive_buffer->size()),
                      NULL,
                      transfer->GetOverlapped()));
}

void HidConnectionWin::PlatformSendFeatureReport(
    uint8_t report_id,
    scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> buffer,
    const IOCallback& callback) {
  // The Windows API always wants either a report ID (if supported) or
  // zero at the front of every output report.
  scoped_refptr<net::IOBufferWithSize> output_buffer(buffer);
  output_buffer = new net::IOBufferWithSize(buffer->size() + 1);
  output_buffer->data()[0] = report_id;
  memcpy(output_buffer->data() + 1, buffer->data(), buffer->size());

  scoped_refptr<PendingHidTransfer> transfer(
      new PendingHidTransfer(this, output_buffer, NULL, callback));
  transfer->TakeResultFromWindowsAPI(
      DeviceIoControl(file_.Get(),
                      IOCTL_HID_SET_FEATURE,
                      output_buffer->data(),
                      static_cast<DWORD>(output_buffer->size()),
                      NULL,
                      0,
                      NULL,
                      transfer->GetOverlapped()));
}

void HidConnectionWin::OnTransferFinished(
    scoped_refptr<PendingHidTransfer> transfer) {
  transfers_.erase(transfer);

  DWORD bytes_transferred;
  if (GetOverlappedResult(
          file_, transfer->GetOverlapped(), &bytes_transferred, FALSE)) {
    if (bytes_transferred == 0) {
      transfer->callback_.Run(true, 0);
      return;
    }

    if (transfer->receive_buffer_) {
      // If owner HID top-level collection does not have report ID, we need to
      // copy the receive buffer into the target buffer, discarding the first
      // byte. This is because the target buffer's owner is not expecting a
      // report ID but Windows will always provide one.
      if (!has_report_id()) {
        uint8_t report_id = transfer->receive_buffer_->data()[0];
        // Assert first byte is 0x00
        if (report_id != HidConnection::kNullReportId) {
          VLOG(1) << "Unexpected report ID in HID report:" << report_id;
          transfer->callback_.Run(false, 0);
        } else {
          // Move one byte forward.
          --bytes_transferred;
          memcpy(transfer->target_buffer_->data(),
                 transfer->receive_buffer_->data() + 1,
                 bytes_transferred);
        }
      } else {
        memcpy(transfer->target_buffer_->data(),
               transfer->receive_buffer_->data(),
               bytes_transferred);
      }
    }

    CompleteRead(transfer->target_buffer_, transfer->callback_);
  } else {
    transfer->callback_.Run(false, 0);
  }
}

void HidConnectionWin::OnTransferCanceled(
    scoped_refptr<PendingHidTransfer> transfer) {
  transfers_.erase(transfer);
  transfer->callback_.Run(false, 0);
}

}  // namespace device

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Темури Кецбая () е бивш грузински футболист, полузащитник, и настоящ треньор.

Кариера

Футболист
Започва кариерата си в местния Динамо Тбилиси, за когото играе от 1987 г. до 1992 г. След това преминава в кипърския Анортозис, с когото записва 76 мача и 36 гола. По-късно е продаден на АЕК Атина. Там остава до 1997 г., след което напуска като свободен агент. През лятото на същата година е привлечен в английския Нюкасъл. Тогава, в мач срещу Динамо Загреб, вкарва победния гол в добавеното време и Нюкасъл се класира за Шампионска лига за пръв път. След като напуска клуба през 2000 г., играе в следващите две години за Улвърхамптън и Дънди. След това се завръща в Анортозис, където прекратява кариерата си на 30 юни 2007 г.

Треньор
До 2009 г. води Анортозис, но на 28 септември 2008 г. заявява интереса си към свободната позиция на треньор в Нюкасъл. На 25 май 2009 г. е назначен за треньор на Олимпиакос, с 3-годишен договор на мястото на Ернесто Валверде. На 15 септември същата година обаче, двете страни се разделят, след като феновете са против Кецбая, въпреки че отборът не е допускал гол по негово време. През ноември 2009 г. той става треньор на националния отбор на . През януари 2015 г. името му отново се свързва с овакантения пост на Нюкасъл. На 28 август 2015 г. подписва с АПОЕЛ за 2 години, след като Домингош Пасиенсия е уволнен.

Статистика като треньор
Последна актуализация:

Бележки

Външни препратки
 Профил в Soccerway

Съветски футболисти
Грузински футболисти
Грузински треньори по футбол
Футболисти на Динамо Тбилиси
Футболисти на АЕК Атина
Футболисти на ФК Нюкасъл Юнайтед
Футболисти на ФК Улвърхамптън
Треньори на ФК АПОЕЛ

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Rocks were part of a vibrant early noughties live music scene in London energised by the tidal wave of new music from the States that included The Strokes, White Stripes, Interpol and Yeah Yeah Yeahs. Their gigs would elasticate from chaos to genius sometimes within a single song.. if they managed to get to the end of it. Given their appetite for destruction maybe it was inevitable that their debut album proper 'Asking For Trouble' would end up in the shadow of their myth - this early snapshot however captures a band who were having too much fun to care what the future might hold..


Motion sickness is a common condition that many of us experience at some point in our lives. It is the feeling of nausea, dizziness or uneasiness that can develop during a bumpy or rocky ride. For some, this sensation may occur while traveling in a car, boat, train, plane or other modes of transportation.
Motion sickness also referred to as seasickness, carsickness or airsickness is caused when the brain receives mixed signals from our balance-sensing system which consists of our eyes, inner ear (semicircular canals) and sensory nerves. Mixed signals are received by the brain because your eyes cannot see the motion your body is feeling, or conversely, your body cannot feel the motion your eyes are seeing. Motion sickness can start suddenly, typically with a feeling of uneasiness then progressing to other symptoms such as dizziness, a cold sweat, headaches or vomiting.
Children and pregnant women are most susceptible to motion sickness. However, anyone who is traveling can be at risk. Factors that can increase the chances for symptoms to appear include poor ventilation in a vehicle, the type of vehicle, fears or anxieties about traveling or the orientation in which a person is sitting or standing.
Being aware of and avoiding situations that tend to trigger symptoms.
Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, sitting over the wing of an aircraft, holding the head firmly against the back of the seat, and choosing a window seat on flights and trains.
Reducing sensory input—lying prone, shutting eyes, sleeping, or looking at the horizon.
Maintaining hydration by drinking water, eating small meals frequently, and limiting alcoholic and caffeinated beverages.
Avoiding smoking—even short-term cessation reduces susceptibility to motion sickness.
Adding distractions—controlling breathing, listening to music, or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help.
Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are lacking.
Gradually exposing oneself to continuous or repeated motion sickness triggers. Most people, in time, notice a reduction in motion sickness symptoms.
Most cases of motion sickness are mild. Symptoms are typically self-treatable or go away when a person is no longer in motion. However, medical professionals recommend that you see a doctor if you experience motion sickness repeatedly or if symptoms persist after your journey.
Today is the Great American Smokeout – Quit Smoking Today!
Today is the Great American Smokeout, an annual event when the American Cancer Society encourages everyone to quit smoking. This event helps to make people aware of the dangers of using tobacco products as well as the tools that are available to help them quit smoking.
The Great American Smokeout started in 1970 in a small town in Massachusetts. People were asked to give up smoking for one day and to take the money that they would have spent on cigarettes and donate it to a local high school scholarship fund. The event spread to other cities both large and small and eventually led to legislation that bans smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public spaces both indoors and outdoors.
Smoking is responsible for one in five deaths in the United States today. Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women. Smoking is also the cause of cancer of the larynx, mouth, sinuses, throat, esophagus, and the bladder. The number of people who smoke has dramatically decreased in the United States since the anti-smoking campaigns began. In 1965 it was estimated that over 40 percent of the population were smokers and today that number is around 18 percent.
If you would like more information about quitting smoking please call the American Cancer Society at 1-800-227-2345. If you would like to schedule an appointment with a doctor at Flushing Hospital to discuss smoking cessation, please call 718-206-8494.
Spring is here and with it comes the promise of warmer weather. For many, this time of year also brings with it renewed attempts to shed the extra pounds they put on over the winter. If you have tried repeatedly to lose weight through conventional diet and exercise , but have been unsuccessful and bariatric surgery is not for you, doctors at Flushing Hospital may have a safe and effective weight-loss option for you.
Doctors Sanjeev Rajpal, Darshak Shah and Noman Khan of New York Surgical Specialists (NYSS) are all excited that they are some of the only physicians in the area to offer their patients the revolutionary, Obalon weight loss system. Obalon is the first and only non-surgical, and completely non-invasive weight loss treatment option approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Patients who participate in Obalon treatment swallow a small, coated capsule connected to a thin tube. Once the capsule is digested, it naturally dissolves and a small, lightweight gastric balloon unfolds. This balloon is then remotely filled with medical gases via the tube before it is removed. The balloon, once fully inflated, is only the size of a small orange.
This procedure is repeated two more times over a six month period. Once expanded, the three balloons work to facilitate weight loss by taking up space within the stomach, enabling patients to become fuller while eating less.
Each procedure only takes 10 minutes, requires no sedation and can be performed in the NYSS office. After six months the balloons are removed endoscopically while the patient is under light, conscious sedation.
Throughout the entire three-stage, six month process, patients will receive nutritional and exercise support from Flushing Hospital's weight loss team.
To learn more information about the Obalon weight loss system, or to make an appointment with one of our highly qualified physicians, please call 718-408-6977.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common lung disease that is prevalent in our community. COPD can also be described as chronic bronchitis or emphysema.
COPD can be a serious disease and symptoms may worsen over time without proper evaluation and treatment. The most important treatment methods are ones that patients can do on their own. First, quitting smoking will help reduce symptoms and reduce further damage to the lung. Lung function in all patients decline due to normal aging, in smokers with COPD that decline is significantly accelerated. Second, patients should receive their flu shot annually and the pneumonia vaccine at the proper time as recommended by their doctor.
Further therapies for COPD can be prescribed by your primary care doctor or a lung specialist called a Pulmonologist who can prescribe medications that can help reduce symptoms and improve lung function. They may include a variety of inhalers that can be taken daily or when symptoms arise. There are also some oral medications that are indicated in specific situations. Other therapies include home oxygen, an exercise program called rehabilitation and rarely surgery.
If you are having symptoms consistent with COPD see your doctor. If you would like to schedule an appointment with Dr Wusa, or any the Pulmonologists at Flushing Hopsital, please call 718-670-5486.


text:
package sinalgo.gui.dialogs;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.KeyEventPostProcessor;
import java.awt.KeyboardFocusManager;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.BoxLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JEditorPane;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JViewport;
import javax.swing.JWindow;
import javax.swing.event.HyperlinkEvent;
import javax.swing.event.HyperlinkListener;
import javax.swing.text.html.HTMLDocument;
import javax.swing.text.html.HTMLFrameHyperlinkEvent;

import sinalgo.configuration.AppConfig;
import sinalgo.gui.GuiHelper;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class HelpDialog extends JFrame implements ActionListener, WindowListener {

  JEditorPane html;
  JButton menuButton = new JButton("Menu");

  URL currentURL = null;
  URL defaultURL = null;

  HelpDialog(JFrame parent) { // is private, use showHelp() to create it in a new thread
		this.setTitle("SINALGO Help  (source: http://dcg.ethz.ch/projects/sinalgo)");
		GuiHelper.setWindowIcon(this);
		this.addWindowListener(this);
		restoreWindowState();

		this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
		this.setResizable(true);

		JPanel topPanel = new JPanel();
		this.add(topPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
		topPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
		topPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
		topPanel.add(menuButton, BorderLayout.WEST);
		menuButton.addActionListener(this);

		html = new JEditorPane();
		JScrollPane scroller = new JScrollPane();
		JViewport vp = scroller.getViewport();
		vp.add(html);
		this.add(scroller, BorderLayout.CENTER);

		try {
			defaultURL = new URL("http://dcg.ethz.ch/projects/sinalgo/tutorial/Documentation.html?menu");
			currentURL = defaultURL;
			html.setPage(currentURL);
	    html.setEditable(false);
	    html.addHyperlinkListener(getLinkListener());
		} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
			html.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
		} catch (IOException e1) {
			html.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
		}

		// Detect ESCAPE button
		KeyboardFocusManager focusManager = KeyboardFocusManager.getCurrentKeyboardFocusManager();
		focusManager.addKeyEventPostProcessor(new KeyEventPostProcessor() {
			@Override
			public boolean postProcessKeyEvent(KeyEvent e) {
				if(!e.isConsumed() && e.getID() == KeyEvent.KEY_PRESSED && e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) {
					HelpDialog.this.setVisible(false);
				}
				return false;
			}
		});

		this.pack();
		this.setVisible(true);
	}

	private HyperlinkListener getLinkListener() {
		return new HyperlinkListener() {
			@Override
			public void hyperlinkUpdate(HyperlinkEvent e) {
				if (e.getEventType() == HyperlinkEvent.EventType.ACTIVATED) {
					if (e instanceof HTMLFrameHyperlinkEvent) {
						((HTMLDocument)html.getDocument()).processHTMLFrameHyperlinkEvent((HTMLFrameHyperlinkEvent)e);
					} else {
						try {
							currentURL = e.getURL();
							String s = currentURL.toString();
							int offset = s.indexOf(".html");
							if(offset > 0) { // .html is in the string
								s = s.substring(0, offset + 5);
								s += "?help";
								if(currentURL.getRef() != null) {
									s += "#" + currentURL.getRef();
								}
								currentURL = new URL(s);
								HelpDialog.this.setEnabled(true);
								if(menuDlg != null) {
									menuDlg.setVisible(false);
									menuDlg = null;
								}
						}
							html.setPage(currentURL);
						} catch (IOException e1) {
							html.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
						}
					}
				}
			}
		};
	}

	MenuDialog menuDlg = null; // The menu dialog if its currently shown, otherwise null

	private void showMenu() {
		Point p = menuButton.getLocationOnScreen();
		menuDlg = new MenuDialog(this, p);
		this.setEnabled(false);
	}

	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		if(e.getSource().equals(menuButton)) {
			showMenu();
		}
	}

	class MenuDialog extends JWindow implements ActionListener {
		JFrame parent;

		JButton closeButton = new JButton("Close");
		JButton resetButton = new JButton("Reset");
		JEditorPane ePane;
		String defaultMenuURL = "http://dcg.ethz.ch/projects/sinalgo/index.html?menu";

		public MenuDialog(JFrame owner, Point pos) {
			super(owner);
			parent = owner;
			this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

			ePane = new JEditorPane();
			//ePane.getEditorKit().
			ePane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(250, 400));
	    ePane.setEditable(false);
	    JScrollPane scroller = new JScrollPane();
	    JViewport vp = scroller.getViewport();
	    vp.add(ePane);
	    this.add(scroller, BorderLayout.CENTER);

			try {
				// create the URL for the menu (ensure that the url still points to a Sinalgo page
				String s = (currentURL == null ? defaultMenuURL : currentURL.toString());
				URL myURL = null;
				int offset = s.indexOf(".html");
				if(offset > 0) { // .html is in the string
					if(s.indexOf("dcg.ethz.ch/projects/sinalgo/") < 0) { // went to a different site
						myURL = new URL(defaultMenuURL);
					} else { // add the ?menu option
						s = s.substring(0, offset + 5);
						s += "?menu";
						myURL = new URL(s);
					}
				} else {
					myURL = new URL(defaultMenuURL);
				}
				ePane.setPage(myURL); // load the page
		    ePane.addHyperlinkListener(getLinkListener());
			} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
				ePane.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
			} catch (IOException e1) {
				ePane.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
			}

			JPanel menuPanel = new JPanel();
			menuPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(menuPanel, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
			this.add(menuPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
			closeButton.addActionListener(this);
			menuPanel.add(closeButton);
			resetButton.addActionListener(this);
			menuPanel.add(resetButton);

			this.setLocation(pos);
			this.pack();
			this.setVisible(true);
		}

		@Override
		public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
			if(e.getSource().equals(closeButton)) {
				this.setVisible(false);
				parent.setEnabled(true);
				menuDlg = null;
			}
			if(e.getSource().equals(resetButton)) {
				this.setVisible(false);
				parent.setEnabled(true);
				menuDlg = null;
				try {
					currentURL = defaultURL;
					html.setPage(currentURL);
				} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
					html.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
				} catch (IOException e1) {
					html.setText("Cannot display the page.\n" + e1.getMessage());
				}
			}
		}

	}

	private void saveWindowState() {
		AppConfig ac = AppConfig.getAppConfig();
		ac.helpWindowHeight = this.getHeight();
		ac.helpWindowWidth = this.getWidth();
		ac.helpWindowPosX = this.getLocation().x;
		ac.helpWindowPosY = this.getLocation().y;
		ac.helpWindowIsMaximized = (this.getExtendedState() == Frame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH);
		ac.writeConfig();
	}

	private void restoreWindowState() {
		AppConfig ac = AppConfig.getAppConfig();
		this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(ac.helpWindowWidth, ac.helpWindowHeight));
		this.setLocation(new Point(ac.helpWindowPosX, ac.helpWindowPosY));
		if(ac.helpWindowIsMaximized) {
			this.setExtendedState(Frame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
		saveWindowState();
	}

	@Override
	public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
	}
	@Override
	public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
		saveWindowState();
	}
	@Override
	public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {
		saveWindowState();
	}
	@Override
	public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {
	}
	@Override
	public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {
	}
	@Override
	public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
	}

	public static void showHelp(JFrame parent) {
		Runner r = new Runner(parent);
		r.start();
	}

	static class Runner extends Thread  {
		private JFrame p;
		public Runner(JFrame parent) {
			p = parent;
		}
		@Override
		public void run() {
			new HelpDialog(p);
		}

	}

}


SELECT * FROM Excel Spreadsheet – Neil Baldwin's blog : Warning contains walking, technology, photography, holidays.
Here is how to access data in an excel spreadsheet, from a SQL login.
You can also link the spreadsheet to a table.
This means you can update tables based on data in spreadsheet without having to do the import into a table malarky.


text:
Заккур или Закир — арамейский царь Хамата и  (конец IX века до н. э.). Известен по своей , найденной в 1903 году.

Заккур разорвал традиционный союз с могущественным Дамасским царством и сблизился с Ассирией. Царь Дамаска Бен-Адад III организовал для борьбы с Закиром коалицию царей Верхней Сирии и Киликии, однако Заккуру удалось отразить нападение противника. Дамасское царство после этого утратило своё преобладание в Сирии.

Приход к власти
В Хамате участнику битвы при Каркаре царю Ирхулени (Урхулинасу) наследовал его сын Уратами, который, как и его отец и дед, носил хетто-лувийское (или хурритское) имя. Затем, по предположениям, в стране произошёл переворот, и власть захватил арамей Заккур, свергнувший неохеттскую династию и основавший арамейскую. Косвенно это подтверждается тем, что в надписях не упоминаются царственные предки нового царя. Были ли в Хамате какие-либо цари между Уратами и Закиром, неизвестно.

Судя по арамейскому происхождению, Заккур не был уроженцем Хамата, а прибыл сюда с берегов Евфрата, из района, который имел старые торговые связи с долиной Оронта. По мнению , местом его происхождения была 'Ana' — вероятно, Терка в царстве Хана, испытывавшая сильное ассирийское влияние или иракская Ана.

По одной теории, Заккур мог быть был родственником (сыном) Мардук-апил-уцура, правителя приевфратского княжества , с которым предыдущий хаматский царь Уратами поддерживал интенсивные отношения. Предполагается, что между 807 и 805 годами до н.э. Заккуру удалось захватить власть в Хамате, опираясь на брак между ним и дочерью хаматского царя.

Трудно сказать, захватил ли Заккур власть, опираясь на какую-то дружину, которую привёл с собой, как это сделал Давид в Хевроне, или нашёл себе опору уже на новом месте. Но в любом случае его чужеземное происхождение предполагает совершение насильственного переворота.

Царь Лу'аша

Примечательно, что Заккур в своей надписи именует себя царём Хамата и Луаша. Последняя область располагалась к северо-востоку от Хамата, занимая территорию древнего Нухашше, и можно предполагать, что именно Заккур объединил Хамат и Луаш в единое царство. При этом своей столицей он избрал  (ассирийская Хатарикка, библейский Хадрах), бывший до этого центром именно Луаша, хотя царство и сохранило прежнее название.

Причины этого не совсем ясны. Возможно, в Лухути преобладало арамейское население, в то время как в собственно Хамате был еще очень силён лувийский элемент, и арамей Заккур предпочёл перенести свою резиденцию в более близкую ему этническую среду. Возможно и то, что Заккур, будучи узурпатором, решил основать новую столицу, в которой не было бы никаких воспоминаний о прежней династии.
Не исключено также и то, что изначально он был правителем именно Луаша, и тогда речь должна идти о присоединении Хамата к Лугашу, а не наоборот, а сохранение имени Хамата в названии объединенного царства объясняется его престижностью.

Как бы то ни было, в результате деятельности Заккура возникло новое, довольно сильное объединённое государство, способное поставить под вопрос гегемонию Дамаска во Внутренней Сирии.

Стела из Телль-Афиса

Победная надпись хаматского Заккура, ныне известная как , было обнаружена Анри Поньоном в 1903 году на холме , который соотносят с развалинами Хатарикки, в 45 километрах к юго-востоку от современного Алеппо. Она содержит запись о конфликте между Заккуром и дамасским царём Бар-Хададом, который со многими союзниками осадил Хадрах.

Причины конфликта доподлинно неизвестны — это мог быть ответ на усиление соседнего государства, способного стать угрозой гегемонии, свержение старой династии, долгое время бывшей союзницей дамасских царей, или на проассирийскую позицию нового правителя.

В составе антихаматской коалиции, возглавляемой царём Арама Бар-Хададом, сыном Хазаэла, упоминаются 10 царей, которых собрал Бар-Хадад, но названы только Бар-Гуш, Куэ, Амук (то есть Унки), Гургум, Самааль, Мелид (имена других остались неизвестны из-за дефектности текста надписи), причём из самих царей по имени назван только Бар-Хадад, видимо, чтобы подчеркнуть его ведущую роль.

Закир, говорится в надписи, несмотря на разницу в силах, успешно отразил натиск коалиции, которую возглавлял царь Дамаска. В результате этого коалиция, потерпев поражение, очевидно, распалась. Закир рассказывает: «И я воздел свои руки к владыке небесному, и ответил мне владыка небесный, и говорил владыка небесный мне через провидцев и через прорицателей. И сказал мне владыка небесный: не бойся, ибо я воцарил тебя, и я встану с тобой, и я спасу тебя от всех этих царей, которые соорудили против тебя осадный вал. И сказал мне владыка небесный...» Надпись повреждена, и тем не менее ясно, что владыка небесный произносит угрозу в адрес врагов Закира, а затем приводит его к победе.

Сам хаматский царь говорит о помощи богов, к которым он воззвал и которые освободили его от осады, в честь чего он и поставил стелу с благодарственной надписью. Современные исследователи полагают, что речь идёт о вмешательстве ассирийского царя Адад-нирари III, однако это мнение не является бесспорным ввиду отсутствия упоминаний Заккуром помощи ассирийцев.

Стела из Антакьи

В 1968 году в Турции между городами Антакья и Самандаг было случайно обнаружена древняя стела, ставшая известной как . Пограничная стела повествует о регулировании территориального спора между Арпадом и Хаматом, причём посредниками в этом выступали ассирийцы. Непосредственным арбитром в споре между Арпадом и Хаматом выступал всесильный ассирийский вельможа , на протяжении нескольких десятилетий почти самостоятельно управлявший из Тиль-Барсипа ассирийскими владениями по соседству с Сирией.

Согласно тексту стелы, новые границы (по Оронту) была более выгодны царю Арпада , сыну Адираму, которому Заккур Хаматянин должен был передать город Нахласи и все прилегающие земли. Надпись заканчивается проклятием, направленным против каждого, кто попытается сдвинуть границу или уничтожить установленную на ней стелу.

Споры вызвало упоминание реки Оронт. Согласно одному из толкований, Оронт должен был выступить границей между царствами Хамат и Бит-Агуси. Однако удалённость стелы (при условии неизменности местоположения с момента установки или близости к Оронту, вниз по течению которого она могла быть спущена) от традиционных территорий Бит-Агуси, позволила некоторых учёным выдвинуть теорию о разделе между Хаматом и Арпадом территории царства Паттина (или её значительной части в долине ). Более умеренные мнения говорят об анклаве или эксклаве Арпада, включении в сферу влияния либо же вовсе о разделе вод Оронта.

Примечания

Литература

 Scott B. Noegel, The Zakkur Inscription. In: Mark W. Chavalas, ed. The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources in Translation. London: Blackwell (2006), 307—311.
 M. Henri Pognon, Inscriptions semitiques de la Syrie, de la Mesopotamie at de la region de Mossoul, Paris, 1907 (and 1908). The volume contains 116 inscriptions most of them in Syriac.
 James J. Montgomery, A New Aramaic Inscription of Biblical Interest in The Biblical World, Vol. XXXIII, Febr. 1909, стр. 79-84.
 James B. Pritchard, The Ancient Near East, ANET 501—502.
 Douglas J. Green — I Undertook Great Works: The Ideology of Domestic Achievements in West Semitic Royal Inscriptions. 2010.
K. Lawson Younger Jr. «A Political History of the Arameans: From Their Origins to the End of Their Polities» (Archaeology and Biblical Studies). SBL Press, 2016.

Цари Хамата
Арамеи
Правители Азии IX века до н. э.
Правители Азии VIII века до н. э.


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Home / United Kingdom Gambling Commission / German gambling regulator pursues dual leadership with Benter and Schwanke appointments
German gambling regulator pursues dual leadership with Benter and Schwanke appointments
October 6, 2021 2 mins readUnited Kingdom Gambling Commission
Germany's new gambling regulator, the Glücksspielbehörde, has detailed its ambition to pursue a dual leadership strategy, appointing Ronald Benter and Benjamin Schwanke as its leading executives.
The regulatory body aims to strengthen its leadership and supervisory oversight of the German betting and gaming market, which was officially launched according to a re-regulated format on 1 July.
All 16 of the nation's federal states have chosen to observe the regulatory requirements of the Fourth Interstate Treaty (GlüNeuRStv), the passage of which ended a 12-year deliberation concerning gambling at a national federal level, although the new laws have faced some criticism for implementing anti-competitive' tax rates among other issues.
Prior to joining the regulator, Benter worked for the Ministry of the Interior of the north German state of Schleswig-Holstein – the first state to have moved forward with online betting and gaming – leading and overseeing the regional gaming and municipal business law department.
"Our task for the next one and a half years is initially to set up the authority in such a way that it is able to act," Benter remarked.
Schwanke, meanwhile, is a previous member of the EU Gambling Expert Group, and most recently held the position of Head of the Hamburg Gambling Authority as part of the city's Interior and Sports Authority.
The Glücksspielbehörde's dual leadership strategy will see Benter and Schwanke jointly coordinate the organisation's oversight and activities, with the commission aiming to amass around 110 employees and begin taking full supervisory responsibility of the German market by July 2022.
Glücksspielbehörde will be based in the city of Haile, Saxony-Anhalt, which was awarded the rights to house the country's new gambling regulator last year.
In July 2021, the state's former State Secretary in the Ministry of the Interior and Sport, Anne Poggemann, was appointed as the first officer of the new regulator. The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party member holds responsibility for selecting the authority's first executive team – including the dual leadership of Betner and Schwanke.
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This 2166mm/85.3" long full-size Slimline II cargo roof rack kit contains the Slimline II Tray, Wind Deflector and 2 Foot Rails to mount the Slimline II Tray to your Toyota Land Cruiser 200 or Lexus LX570. It easily installs using the existing factory mounting points. No drilling required.


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UEFA Europa League Highlights
UEFA Europa League Highlights Next Episode Air Date
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When will be UEFA Europa League Highlights next episode air date? Is UEFA Europa League Highlights renewed or cancelled? Where to countdown UEFA Europa League Highlights air dates? Is UEFA Europa League Highlights worth watching?
Mark Pougatch presents highlights from the latest Europa League matches.
Station: ITV (US)
CountdownSeason 2018Season 2017Season 2016Season 1
UEFA Europa League Highlights Season 2017 Air Dates
S2017E01 - 15/09/2016 Air Date: 15 September 2016 21:40 -
Mark Pougatch is joined by Glenn Hoddle for highlights of the week's UEFA Europa League matches, as Manchester United travel to Holland to play Feyenoord in the first of six group stage matches. Jose Mourinho first came to prominence after winning this competition with Porto in 2003, and will no doubt want to do well in his first European campaign with United. Other action sees Southampton host Sparta Prague, and Irish Champions Dundalk face AZ Alkmaar. Commentary is from Clive Tyldesley and Sam Matterface.
Mark Pougatch presents highlights from the second round of matches in the Europa League group stage as Jose Mourinho's Manchester United entertain Ukrainian team Zorya Luhansk at Old Trafford and Southampton face a tricky away tie in Israel as they take on Hapoel Be'er Sheva who came so close to knocking Celtic out in the Champions League play-offs. Commentary comes from Clive Tyldesley and Sam Matterface.
S2017E08 - 24/11/2016 Air Date: 24 November 2016 22:45 -
Mark Pougatch is joined by Glenn Hoddle and Paul Ince for highlights from tonight's Europa League games, as Jose Mourinho's Manchester United side welcome Feyenoord to Old Trafford and Southampton travel to the Czech Republic to take on Sparta Prague. Also featuring action from all the other games around Europe. Commentary comes from Clive Tyldesley and Sam Matterface.
S2017E09 - 08/12/2016 Air Date: 08 December 2016 22:40 -
Mark Pougatch presents highlights of the final round of matches in the group stages of the Europa League. Jose Mourinho's Manchester United make the long trip to Odessa to take on Zorya Luhansk, and Southampton are out to qualify for the knockout stages of the competition for the first time in their history as they host Israeli side Hapoel Be'er Sheva at St Mary's. Commentary comes from Clive Tyldesley and Sam Matterface.
S2017E10 - 16/02/2017 Air Date: 16 February 2017 22:40 -
Action from the last 32 first leg ties.
Action from the last 32 second leg ties.
S2017E12 - 09/03/2017 Air Date: 09 March 2017 23:15 -
S2017E14 - 13/04/2017 Air Date: 13 April 2017 22:15 -
Mark Pougatch presents action from the quarter-final, first leg between Jose Mourinho's Manchester United and Belgian team Anderlecht. The other matches see Lyon entertain Turkish giants Besiktas, Dutch masters Ajax take on Schalke of Germany, and Spain's Celta Vigo play Genk. Expert analysis comes from Glenn Hoddle and Paul Ince, and commentary by Sam Matterface and Joe Speight.
The second leg of the Europa League quarter-finals sees Manchester United host Anderlecht of Belgium at the Theatre of Dreams. Elsewhere, Schalke entertain Dutch giants Ajax and French side Lyon will be sure of a warm welcome in Istanbul when they face Besiktas, while Spain's Celta Vigo travel to Belgium to face Genk. Mark Pougatch presents action from all four games, with expert analysis from Roy Keane and Glenn Hoddle. Commentary comes from Clive Tyldesley, Sam Matterface and Joe Speight.
S2017E16 - 04/05/2017 Air Date: 04 May 2017 21:40 -
Mark Pougatch, with Paul Ince and Glenn Hoddle, presents highlights from the Europa League semi-finals, with commentary from Clive Tyldesley and Sam Matterface. After their extra time win in the quarter-final against Anderlecht, Manchester United travel to north-west Spain to take on Celta Vigo, while in the other game, Dutch team Ajax play French side Lyon.
Mark Pougatch is joined by Roy Keane and Glenn Hoddle for highlights of the week's Europa League semi-final, second legs. Manchester United take on Spanish side Celta Vigo, and in the other match, Lyon play host to Ajax. Commentary comes from Clive Tyldesley and Sam Matterface.
S2017E18 - UEFA Europa League Final Air Date: 24 May 2017 21:50 -
Mark Pougatch presents action from the final of the Europa League at the Friends Arena, Stockholm, between Manchester United and Ajax. Analysis comes from Ryan Giggs and Paul Ince.
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eng.globalaffairs.ru
13 min read 2020-10-11 15:22:06
Not for Church
One of the major claimed accomplishments of former Ukrainian President Pyotr Poroshenko's reelection campaign of "army, language, faith" was creation of an autocephalous Ukrainian Orthodox Church (i.e., completely self-governing, with no tie at all to the Russian Orthodox Church).
Western governments and media have uniformly—and inaccurately—hailed this as a reality already fulfilled with the awarding of a Tomos (literally, a small book containing an authoritative pronouncement or declaration) from Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople to Poroshenko and religious figures in Ukraine who had up until then been universally shunned as schismatics by all Orthodox jurisdictions. As of this writing, no other autocephalous Church has endorsed Constantinople's actions, and several, notably the Patriarchates of Belgrade and Antioch, have taken sharp exception to it.
The Ukrainian Church situation is complex and contentious. It will be months if not years before it works itself out. Indeed, it may lead to a permanent split within Orthodoxy, not only in Ukraine but worldwide. Also, despite Patriarch Bartholomew's stated intention to foster accord and reconciliation in Ukraine, his actions clearly have aggravated already raw feelings among believers there. Far from creating a united Ukrainian autocephalous Church, he has only managed to cobble together a new body under the authority of Constantinople in opposition to the canonical Moscow-linked Church, which continues to exist under its primate Metropolitan Onuphry. Violence in various forms is inevitable as Ukrainian authorities harass the canonical Church and prepare to seize its parishes and monasteries, notably the Kiev Perchersk Lavra and the Pochaev Lavra in Western Ukraine.
THE STATE DEPARTMENT FOR AUTOCEPHALY
Conspicuously, Poroshenko's blatant politicking in Church affairs—which has been criticized even from quarters favoring autocephaly—has been applauded by Western governments, notably by American officials. Just a few days after a high State Department career officer declared in September 2018 that "any decision on autocephaly is an internal [Orthodox] church matter" he was reversed by endorsements of autocephaly by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, U.S. Special Representative for Ukraine Kurt Volker, and U.S. Ambassador in Kiev Marie Yovanovitch. Following the December "Robber Council" of Kiev on December 15, the U.S. Embassy tweeted out its congratulations in English and in Ukrainian (not in Russian, of course). Secretary of State Mike Pompeo placed a personal call to the "newly elected head of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine Metropolitan Epiphanius" (Dumenko). U.S. Ambassador Marie Yovanovitch extended her congratulations to Dumenko in person. It should also be noted that The Atlantic Council, a Washington-based think tank operating in close coordination with the U.S. government (and heavily funded by U.S. and allied government agencies and contractors), has been an active advocate for autocephaly in the policy community and media.
Moreover, there is reason to believe the U.S. State Department's involvement was not just hortatory. The State Department's direct hand in this sordid business may not have consisted solely of wielding the "stick" of legal threat: there's reason to believe there was a "carrot" too. But whatever the details, one still has to ask why the U.S. is so keenly committed to creating an autocephalous Church in Ukraine. Aside from the obvious impropriety of the United States' taking sides in a question of the Orthodox Church's internal governance, why is the State Department so committed to promoting a transparently political power grab by Poroshenko, the Ukrainian schismatics, and Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople?
THE ETHNIC COMPONENT
Given the various lobbies with a lot of influence in Washington, including those of foreign states and ethnic communities, it is natural to look in that direction to identify relevant actors and driving forces on the American side with respect to formulation of policy towards Ukraine. Among those that might come to mind are the Ukrainian diaspora in the United States (just under a million people), the Greek-American community (variously estimated at between one and three million, depending on self-identification), and so forth. There is precedent for such influences on U.S. policy in Eastern Europe. One is reminded of the role the Croatian and Albanian diaspora communities played in the breakup of Yugoslavia. It should be noted that the Yugoslav conflicts took place as the post-Cold War drive for U.S. global hegemony was only beginning to take form, and Bosnia and Kosovo were catalytic in its development.
It is true that some Ukrainian Americans (heavily weighted by those with Western Ukraine origins) have long taken part in activities of various "Captive Nations" and "ethnic heritage" groups operating after World War II, notably the CIA front "American Committee for Liberation from Bolshevism" and the "Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations" (originally spun off by the United Kingdom's MI6 from the earlier "British League for European Freedom"). Mainly though not exclusively oriented towards the Republican Party they operated under the banner of anti-communism but really (to an extent many non-"ethnic" Americans may not fully have understood) were vehicles for their various ethnic agendas. These agendas related less to communism than dissatisfaction with the territorial arrangements that existed after 1945, giving these groups the character of World War II losers' associations. Russophobia (and with respect to the Balkans, Serbophobia) was a common point of agreement.
It should also be noted that while American Greeks were not notable in these activities the U.S. government has valued the utility of the Patriarchate of Constantinople since at least the 1940s. Today, while his flock within Turkey dwindles to almost nil, Patriarch Bartholomew has sought to expand his profile as a "player" on the world stage, exemplified by his demonstrative environmentalism as "the Green Patriarch" and, together with Pope Francis, welcoming Muslim migrants to Europe through Greece. Moreover, his actions in Ukraine are an expansion of Constantinople's longstanding quasi-papal ambitions built on uncanonical claims to "universal" status as a kind of "Eastern Pope," misuse of doctrinally troubling incarnational language, and adoption of a breathtakingly arrogant tone that would cause even the most ultramontane proponent of the Rome's supremacy to blush. Given strong support for Ukrainian Orthodox autocephaly from the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, which now sees a new opportunity for it to be elevated to a patriarchate within Roman Catholicism, Ukraine also advances Constantinople's warm ecumenical embrace aimed at reunion with the Roman Papacy. In short, whatever the carrots and sticks involved, the State Department was pushing on an open door at the Phanar.
By 2005 the ideological and methodological aspects of the U.S. policymaking establishment's aspirations for global hegemony were already fully formed. A key part of this was turning Ukraine into a salient against Russia, as attested to in the Orange Revolution of 2004-2005 and the 2008 NATO Bucharest Declaration regarding Ukraine's (and Georgia's) destiny as part of NATO. Today, attacking the Orthodox Church in Ukraine is another logical—and well-targeted—element of that aggressive aim. While some elements in the Greek and (especially) Ukrainian communities no doubt had a hand in it, they don't have the influence to set the agenda and should be regarded more as implementing a program thought up by others. I would compare the U.S. apparat in this regard to that of the Soviet Union: the imperatives are ideological and bureaucratic; while ethnic lobbies (comparable in their day to pro-Soviet Third World "national liberation movements") are useful, they are the tools of policy, not its masters.
WITH IDEOLOGY AT THE READY
The origin of the U.S. focus on Ukraine and its religious issues must instead be sought within the larger perspective of American policy since the end of the first Cold War in 1991 and the development of the current one in the course of the 1990s: the American "unipolar moment," as the bipartisan U.S. policy establishment sought to consolidate and perpetuate its hegemonic control over the entire planet, taking advantage of the vacuum left by the demise of the USSR. Perhaps the fullest expression of this was a 1996 article by neoconservative ideologists William Kristol and Robert Kagan, misleadingly titled "Toward a Neo-Reaganite Foreign Policy," in which they called for the U.S. to establish and maintain indefinitely "benevolent global hegemony"—American world domination. Kristol and Kagan laid down virtually all of the elements that have guided U.S. foreign policy during the ensuing years. It is no accident that GOP neoconservatives were enthusiastic supporters of Bill Clinton's Balkan interventions in the 1990s, under the guidance of people like then-Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, who once opined regarding the sanctions-related deaths of a half million Iraqi children that "the price is worth it." In the U.S. establishment, there is little dissent on either side of the partisan aisle with Albright's sincere conviction that a militant United States has a special wisdom: "If we have to use force, it is because we are America; we are the indispensable nation. We stand tall and we see further than other countries into the future…"
The result is a kind of neo-Bolshevism, whereas the vanguard of all progressive humanity the United States sees itself as the midwife of history to advance the principles not of the USSR's "peace, progress, and socialism" but of a similarly ideologized triad of "democracy, human rights, and free markets."
Not for nothing did Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in 2007 characterize the divide this created in the world as "replication of the experience of Bolshevism and Trotskyism."
Viewed this way, a revived, non-ideological, nationally minded Russia is an obstacle that must be overcome—one way or the other. (A similar attitude exists towards China and Iran.) Recently the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump, who as a candidate repeatedly stated his desire to improve ties with Russia but has been prevented from doing so, has taken to describing the neoconservative program of previous administrations as (in Secretary Pompeo's words) reassertion of sovereignty (but only for the U.S. and our allies!) and "reform" of "the liberal international order." The rhetoric is new, but the policies are the same as under Trump's predecessors.
Sometimes we are told that the current Washington-Moscow standoff is just a turf war, that unlike the 1945-1991 rivalry it "lacks an ideological dimension" beyond the authoritarian determination to elevate "the Russian state, ruled by [Vladimir Putin] and his clan." Such a view totally dismisses the fact that following the demise of communism as a global power bloc there has been an eerie spiritual role reversal between East and West. While it's true that during the original Cold War the nonreligious ruling cliques in Washington and Moscow held basically compatible progressive values, ordinary Christian Americans (mainly Protestants, with a large number of Roman Catholics) perceived communism as a murderous, godless machine of oppression (think of the Roman Catholic men's organization Knights of Columbus' campaign to insert "under God" into the Pledge of Allegiance). Conversely, today it is Western elites who rely upon an ideological imperative to justify a materialist global empire and endless wars, much like the old Soviet nomenklatura depended on Marxism-Leninism both as a working methodology and as a justification for their prerogatives and privileges. In that regard, promotion of nihilist, post-Christian morality—especially in sexual matters—under the guise of "democracy and human rights" has become a major item in the West's toolkit.
THE CHURCH AS THE KREMLIN'S SOFT POWER TOOL?
This has a special importance with regard to Russia, where under Putin the Orthodox Church has largely resumed its pre-1917 role as the moral anchor of society. This elicits not only political opposition but a genuine and heartfelt hatred from the postmodern elites of an increasingly post-Christian West, not only for Putin personally and Russia generally but against the Russian Orthodox Church—and by extension against Orthodox Christianity itself.
This points to why, from the point of view of the State Department, the Russian Orthodox Church—and hence the canonical autonomous Ukrainian Orthodox Church—is nothing more than an instrument of the Kremlin's soft power. According to one person rather new to the relevant issues but nonetheless considered authoritative by the State Department: "The Church, for its part, acts as the Russian state's soft power arm, exerting its authority in ways that assist the Kremlin in spreading Russian influence both in Russia's immediate neighborhood as well as around the globe. The Kremlin assists the Church, as well, working to increase its reach. Vladimir Yakunin, one of Putin's inner circle and a devout member of the ROC, facilitated in 2007 the reconciliation of the ROC with the Russian Orthodox Church in Exile (which had separated itself from the Moscow Patriarchate early in the Soviet era so as not to be co-opted by the new Bolshevik state), which reconciliation greatly increased Patriarch of Moscow Kirill's influence and authority outside of Russia. Putin, praising this event, noted the interrelation of the growth of ROC authority abroad with his own international goals: "The revival of the church unity is a crucial condition for revival of lost unity of the whole Russian world, which has always had the Orthodox faith as one of its foundations." Hence, weaken "the Russian state's soft power arm," weaken the Russian state.
AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL
But unfortunately, there is even more to it than that. The authors of the current U.S. anti-Russia, anti-Orthodox Church policy know, or at least instinctively sense, that the revival of Russia's Church-State symphonia after a hiatus of eight decades is not just a political alliance of convenience but is the source of deep spiritual, moral, and social strength. This is reflected, for example, in Putin's warm remarks on the dedication of a Moscow monument to Alexander Solzhenitsyn, the acknowledged godfather of Russia's restoration as a Christian country, on the centenary of the writer's birth.
In Russia's reborn symphonia, President and Patriarch speak as one.
Marc Bennetts wrote in The Washington Times in 2014: "At the height of the Cold War, it was common for American conservatives to label the officially atheist Soviet Union a 'godless nation'. More than two decades on, history has come full circle, as the Kremlin and its allies in the Russian Orthodox Church hurl the same allegation at the West."
Such sentiments can hardly sit well with Western elites for whom celebration of the same-sex partnerships decried by Putin (and placed by him on a moral level with belief in Satan) is a mark of social enlightenment. That's why an inseparable part of the "European choice" the people of Ukraine supposedly made during the 2014 "Revolution of Dignity" is wholesale acceptance of "European values," including the kind of "Pride" symbolized by LGBT marches organized over Christian objections in Orthodox cities like Athens, Belgrade, Bucharest, Kiev, Odessa, Podgorica, Sofia, and Tbilisi. (Note that after the march in Odessa in August of this year a priest of the canonical Church targeted by Poroshenko cleansed the street with Holy Water.)
There is a curious consistency between advocacy for non-traditional, post-Christian sexual morality and support for the schismatics sponsored by Poroshenko and Patriarch Bartholomew. This is well understood by Constantinople's pseudo-Church in Ukraine. In December 2018, shortly after his "enthronement," "Metropolitan Epiphanius" (Dumenko) responded to a phone caller claiming to be a Western parliamentarian (but in fact was a Russian prankster), suggesting that "if the new Church softens its position regarding the LGBT community, the gays of Ukraine, and if it takes liberal values, it will be a great stimulus to develop European values. We spoke with Secretary Pompeo and he agrees that you should increase your LGBT and gay values in the future." Taking the bait, Dumenko said that "because we are moving towards Europe … we should depart from the Russian conservative tradition" and adopt a progressively more "open" position on such matters.
Indeed, the relevant U.S. government officials cheering on Poroshenko and the Ukrainian Church schismatics are remarkably up-front and visible in their advocacy of the LGBT agenda in Ukraine. The website of the U.S. Embassy in Kiev displays Pompeo's declaration on behalf of all Americans that "the United States joins people around the world in celebrating Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Intersex (LGBTI) Pride Month, and reaffirms its commitment to protecting and defending the human rights of all, including LGBTI persons."
Ambassador Yovanovitch has really gone the extra mile—literally. Not only did she tweet out her Pride message, she also participated in the parade (and took 60 Embassy personnel and family members with her!) proudly marching behind the American flag (as shown in a video tweeted by the U.S. Embassy). Additional video was posted by HromadskeUA, an "independent" Ukrainian media outlet reportedly funded by, among others, the U.S. Embassy, the Canadian Embassy, and George Soros' International Renaissance Foundation, though the cited HromadskeUA financial reports no longer seem to be available. Both Yovanovitch's remarks in the video and the posted text draw an explicit connection between the "freedom" of the 2014 regime change and the new sexual morality (Google auto-translation from Ukrainian): "The atmosphere is wonderful. It is important for us because we maintain equal rights. In 2014, people in Ukraine were in favor of freedom, and this is an organic continuation—U.S. Ambassador Marie Yovanovitch goes to the March of Equality Column, together with about 60 representatives of the U.S. Embassy."
The locals were quick to make the same connection. KyivPride, a local LGBT advocacy group unsurprisingly supported by the U.S. Embassy, the Canadian government, the German Embassy, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and Freedom House were quick to hail the creation of the new pseudo-Church, no doubt reflecting the deep Orthodox piety of the group's members. As posted by OrthoChristian.com, the organization posted a message on several platforms, including Facebook and Instagram, reading: "KyivPride congratulates all LGBTI Orthodox believers on the formation of a united and independent Ukrainian Orthodox Church and reminds everyone that love does no harm to others! Also remember that Article 35 of the Constitution of Ukraine states: 'Everyone has the right to freedom of personal philosophy and religion. This right includes the freedom to profess or not to profess any religion.' Human rights above all!'"
Last but certainly not least should be noted the involvement of certain fringe elements in the Orthodox Church itself, who perhaps can be compared to the Roman Catholic Church's far more powerful "Lavender Mafia." As this analyst warned months ago the Ukrainian Church crisis seemingly facilitates the anti-Christian moral agenda of certain marginal "Orthodox" voices like "Orthodoxy in Dialogue," Fordham University's "Orthodox Christian Studies Center," and The Wheel. As Anatoly Karlin points out, "many of the biggest supporters of Ukrainian autocephaly in the West are for all intents and purposes SJWs [social justice warriors]. The website Orthodoxy in Dialogue, for instance, wants Orthodoxy to get with the times and start sanctifying gay marriage":
"We pray for the day when we can meet our future partner in Church, or bring our partner to Church. We pray for the day when our lifelong, monogamous commitment to our partner can be blessed and sanctified in and by the Church. We pray for the day when we can explore as Church, without condemnation, how we Orthodox Christians can best live our life in Christ in the pursuit of holiness, chastity, and perfect love of God and neighbor. We pray for the day when our priests no longer travel around the world to condemn us and mock us and use us as a punching bag. We pray for the day when the one, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church of Christ ceases to be our loneliest closet."
In sum, U.S. official involvement in Ukrainian Church affairs is not really about Ukraine or Ukrainians at all. It is about hostility to Russia, which in turn reflects Washington's own drive for unlimited worldwide political and moral supremacy. Breaking Ukraine's spiritual ties with Russia is at least as important to breaking of political ties and enlisting Ukraine as part of NATO's anti-Russian deployment. Even something as simple as Poroshenko's making (Western) December 25 Christmas a public holiday with (Orthodox) January 7 is hailed by The Daily Signal, a publication of the neoconservative Heritage Foundation, as "a leap of faith" towards "ditching Russian influence."
But underlying this geopolitical aspect is another, darker motive: to inflict on Ukraine and indeed all Orthodoxy the social, especially sexual, pathologies that have wrought havoc in Western societies. As an ideological imperative built on Cultural Marxist dichotomies of oppressor and victim classes (according to sex, race, language, religion, etc.) this effort to transform all human society supplies a missionary zeal no less relevant to American officials' and their fellow travelers' efforts than their aspirations of global political dominion.
Ukrainian Church Schism: Political Ramifications
Svyatoslav Kaspe
The only problem is that Orthodox canon law is extremely archaic (largely dating back to the times of Ecumenical Councils), confusing and ambiguous, and there is no generally recognized authority in the Orthodox world that could provide firm, reliable and binding interpretations of this law.
Source: eng.globalaffairs.ru


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Red Ventures Announces Acquisition of HomeInsurance.com
The technology company plans to actively expand into the insurance category in 2012.
FORT MILL, S.C. — Red Ventures announced today that it has acquired HomeInsurance.com, a leading online provider of home and auto insurance. The acquisition is part of a broader strategy for Red Ventures, which has expanded into several new industries over the past year. The addition of the Wilmington, N.C. based company will increase the size of Red Ventures' workforce by more than 10 percent, and adds a fourth location to its existing campuses in South Carolina, Texas and Florida.
"This acquisition builds on our current success and will allow us to introduce our expertise into the insurance category," said Red Ventures CEO Ric Elias. "The industry is both complementary to our business model and aligns with our core competencies."
Red Ventures partners with some of the nation's largest brands to bring them high volumes of high-quality customers. Partners span across industries including: entertainment, data and internet, small business solutions, security, energy and software services. The company uses proprietary technology to market and sell services through a variety of online and offline channels. Red Ventures has experienced more than 50% growth every year for the past three years, and has tripled its employee base during the same window.
"The online marketing capabilities and technology-driven sales approach at Red Ventures is the perfect match for what we've built at HomeInsurance.com," said founder Carlos Lagomarsino. "This acquisition will give our business the tools it needs to fuel growth for years to come and we are proud to be joining one of the fastest-growing and best places to work."
Red Ventures is a technology company that builds high-growth businesses. Through a combination of strategic marketing and sales, Red Ventures optimizes the customer lifecycle for large brands, from initial interest in the marketplace to the end transaction. Success is driven by advanced internet analytics, proprietary technology and the company's greatest competitive advantage the people. Red Ventures has twice been ranked among the top 20 fastest-growing companies on the Inc. 500 list and has twice been named the Best Place to Work in Charlotte. Founded in 2000 by Ric Elias and Dan Feldstein, Red Ventures employs more than 1,400 people in four locations. Learn more at www.redventures.com.


The legend is in English and Bulgarian.
The labels on the map are on Latin and Cyrillic.
1. Map of Vitosha Mountains.
3. Table with GPS data.
4. Cottage directory with phone numbers.
6. Suggested routes with walking times.
Highest peak Cherni Wrach - 2290 m.


This subject has been discussed in many posts before but my intention is to discuss use cases and what kind of solutions has been developed.
Integration of ArcGIS with a third party application. There seem to be four alternatives for "primary key" to set up a relation without creating relationship classes. OBJECTID, GLOBALID, GUID and an integer field.
The second option is GLOBALID which is suggested by Esri and seems to be most used.2 However, there are some possibilities of change on GLOBALID values.3 Besides, in an ArcGIS blog post, it's not recommended to use them as unique identifiers.4 I know that this post is a bit old but, I couldn't find any newer information to replace it.
GUID seems to be the strongest option as they never change in any data transfer scenario. Plus, this option is suggested in the same blog post for unique identifiers. What we need to do is create a structure of sequence-triggers to generate the values. This option is also suggested in Alternative to ObjectID as Primary Key for Related Tables by Vince Angelo. As he mentioned GUID's can cause performance issues on joins.
So here comes the latest option. Creating an integer field. If I'm going to create sequences and triggers what GUID type will provide me rather than an integer type?


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After the recent Washington Post and Guardian disclosures about the National Security Agency (the subject of my Comment in this week's magazine, by the way), a three-month-old colloquy from an open session of the Senate Intelligence Committee got a second look.
It's March 12th, a few months before the disclosures. James Clapper, the Director of National Intelligence, is in the witness chair. Senator Ron Wyden, Democrat of Oregon, is doing the questioning.
Clapper does not look happy. He rubs his bald pate, looks down at the table. He glances up furtively, not quite meeting Wyden's eyes.
A number of respected commentators saw this as a straightforward lie, to the point of being a firing offense. Perhaps so. I saw it a little differently, though.
Clapper's slightly peculiar word choice took me back to early 1967.
By N.S.A., of course, he meant my immediate former employer, not the agency currently much in the news.
"I'd say, 'You're crazy,' " I replied. And I meant it.
But the more my friend filled me in on Ramparts' about-to-be-published scoop, the more plausible it seemed. It made sense of a good many things I'd half-noticed around the N.S.A. office without thinking much about them—odd comings and goings, furtive whisperings, long meetings behind closed doors.
The magazine I'd edited, including my modest salary, had been financed by a grant from the Foundation for Youth and Student Affairs. The source of the money, I'd been told, was a reclusive heir to the Corning Glass Works fortune who was interested in, well, youth and student affairs. Now I learned that FYSA—"Fie-sah," we called it—was one of many conduits for C.I.A. cash.
As would soon come out, the C.I.A.'s financing of the N.S.A. was part of a larger secret program, established in the early years of the Cold War, under which funds were routed through foundations (some otherwise legitimate, some entirely fictional) to a variety of left-of-center organizations and publications, including the Socialist International, the overseas operations of the A.F.L.-C.I.O., and Encounter magazine. The project was run by what you might call the liberal wing of the C.I.A., whose members recognized that activities like supporting the Franco regime in Spain, overthrowing democratically elected governments, and backing the colonial status quo in Africa and Asia were unlikely to win the Cold War. This part of the C.I.A. understood that Communism's most effective enemy was the noncommunist left, not the authoritarian right.
Some of the organizations that got the C.I.A. money were entirely ignorant of its ultimate source. In other cases, a few senior staff members would be made aware of the arrangement and enjoined, emphatically, to keep it a secret—from their colleagues and everyone else. The N.S.A. was in the latter category. The N.S.A.'s president, its international-affairs vice-president, and those staff members who regularly travelled abroad on the organization's behalf were let in on the secret. The rest of us were not.
In the mid-sixties, with the postwar, Cold War liberal consensus collapsing under the weight of the Vietnam disaster, the C.I.A.-N.S.A. relationship became increasingly untenable and unpleasant. By the time a disillusioned former staffer decided to take the story to Ramparts (after being rebuffed by the Times and the Washington Post, among others), the N.S.A. leaders were trying—desperately, quietly, futilely—to get out from under it. The revelation did the job for them.
It's a long story—a hell of a lot longer than this little summary—and a surprisingly little-known one, given the radicalizing, disillusioning, highly consequential impact that the C.I.A.-N.S.A. revelations had on a generation of politically engaged liberal and leftist students.
But why am I telling you all this? What does it have to do with James Clapper, that other N.S.A., and "wittingly"?
Maybe I'm wrong, but here's my guess: Clapper instantly knew that he'd made a serious mistake when he said "No." He groped for some way to mitigate it, and what he found, an instant later, was an intelligence-community term of art, a bit of tradecraft jargon having to do with the difference between the on purpose and the incidental, the guilty and the not guilty: witting and not witting, witty and not witty. Wittingly and not wittingly.
It wasn't enough to turn a lie into a not-lie. But at least it suggested the lingering presence of, if not quite a conscience, at least a sense of shame.
Above: James Clapper testifies before the Senate Intelligence Committee in March. Photograph by Alex Wong/Getty.


text:
Columbus, OH (View All Cities)
Near South
Eastern (9:08pm)
ZIP code 43206 is located in central Ohio and covers a slightly less than average land area compared to other ZIP codes in the United States. It also has a large population density.
The people living in ZIP code 43206 are primarily white. The number of people in their late 20s to early 40s is extremely large while the number of seniors is slightly less than average. There are also an extremely small number of families and an extremely large number of single adults. The percentage of children under 18 living in the 43206 ZIP code is slightly less than average compared to other areas of the country.
Male 798 616 575 662 769 1,178 1,040 872 752 713 791 633 543 332 217 187 108 54
Female 709 578 524 619 900 1,379 994 768 609 664 740 725 611 382 288 211 179 144
Total 1,507 1,194 1,099 1,281 1,669 2,557 2,034 1,640 1,361 1,377 1,531 1,358 1,154 714 505 398 287 198
25-29 1,178 1,379 2,557
30-34 1,040 994 2,034
85 Plus 54 144 198
10,840 50%
Owner 58 677 741 882 1,017 626 403 130
Renter 605 1,841 1,034 847 634 252 116 25
Total 663 2,518 1,775 1,729 1,651 878 519 155
25-34 677 1,841 2,518
85 Plus 130 25 155
Male 163 159 140 148 142 103 134 121 116 118 114 106 127 110 126 119 156 133 128 115
Female 136 125 153 115 104 121 120 122 111 115 113 110 88 98 109 119 131 132 128 146
ZIP code 43206 has a slightly higher than average percentage of vacancies.
The majority of household are rented. Homes in ZIP code 43206 were primarily built in 1939 or earlier. Looking at 43206 real estate data, the median home value of $107,300 is slightly less than average compared to the rest of the country. It is also low compared to nearby ZIP codes. 43206 could be an area to look for cheap housing compared to surrounding areas. Rentals in 43206 are most commonly 2 bedrooms. The rent for 2 bedrooms is normally $750-$999/month including utilities. 3+ bedrooms are also common and rent for $1,000+/month. Prices for rental property include ZIP code 43206 apartments, townhouses, and homes that are primary residences.
For more information, see Columbus, OH real estate.
The median household income of $40,720 is compared to the rest of the country. It is also compared to nearby ZIP codes. So 43206 is likely to be one of the nicer parts of town with a more affluent demographic.
As with most parts of the country, vehicles are the most common form of transportation to places of employment. Residents in ZIP code 43206 use public transportation to travel to work more than most areas of the nation. In most parts of the country, the majority of commuters get to work in under half an hour. More commuters in 43206 get to experience these short commute times than most other ZIP codes. It is very uncommon, compared to the rest of the US, for employees to have to travel more than 45 minutes to their place of employment.
The population has a much higher percentage of people with low education levels (less than high school) than normal. Despite the lower high school graduation rates, the area has some of the highest percentages of people who attended college of any ZIP.
ZIP Code 43206 is in the following school districts: Columbus City School District and Private. There are 4 different elementary schools and high schools with mailing addresses in ZIP code 43206.
Siebert Elementary School
385 Reinhard Ave
District: Columbus City School District
Stewart Alternative Elementary School
40 Stewart Ave
South High School
1160 Ann St
Grade Level: High/Secondary
St Pauls Lutheran School
322 Stewart Ave
District: Private


Scientists have found the halogen levels in the meteorites that formed the Earth billions of years ago are much lower than previously thought.
The research was carried out by international team of researchers, led by the Universities of Manchester and Oxford, and has recently been published in Nature.
Halogens such as Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine, form naturally occurring salts which are essential for most life forms — but too much can prohibit life. When previously comparing halogen levels in meteorites that formed the planet, the Earth should have unhealthy levels of salt.
Many theories have been put forward to explain the mystery of why, instead, Earth salt concentrations are 'just right'. The answer turns out to be quite simple — previous estimates meteorites were just too high.
Using a new analytical technique, the team looked at different kinds of chondrite meteorites, a type of primitive meteorite approximately 4.6 billion years old.
How the Earth acquired its volatile elements has long interested scientists. To answer the question the team re-examined one of the largest collection of meteorites assembled for this type of study.
They found that previous estimates of halogen levels in meteorites were too high, but the technique used by the team helped them avoid contaminated sources.
The results were a huge surprise, and time after time each meteorite measured was found to have halogen levels far lower than previously thought, and remarkably consistent between different types of meteorites.


Personality:Sweet and kind, Lavender's well-liked.She's rather authoritative, and can be depended on to take charge and organize situations, but will listen to others opinion. She doesn't really like people who think that it's their way or the highway, and so ies to avoid them as much as possible. Lavender's also stubborn, and she'll stick to something she's taken to until it's done. Alone, if needs be. She has a temper that can flare up at any time dealing with those that are cheeky, sassy, or impertinent.
Weakness's: She's extremely scared of heights and water. She can't swim, or climb. She also is scared of birds. She doesn't knpw why, she just is scared silly by them.
Other: Was never married, and never had any young ones of her one, though Lavender wished she did.
I'll put up others as I go along, joining and creating RPs.
Technically you can't be abbot/abbess unless you apply for the position. Whoever has the position is the mod for the RPs done in the Redwall board.
As of right now, someone already has the position, but in currently inactive. We usually wait a little while before putting their position up for grabs.
All you would need to do is make the character a sister of the abbey.
The character could also be developed more to including things such as strengths, weaknesses, and background/history.
Okay, thanks! You learn something new everyday, I suppose. I'm not used to the whole If-your-position-is-Abbess/Abbot-then-that's-your-RPing-character thing. This is a good idea, though!
Yes, as this site is more RP based than the official site/forum, we could have several characters claiming to be abbot/abbess, which could get confusing when we have RPs going on at the abbey.
I can help you develop your character more if you want/need help.
That would be great! Oh, and I've tried to change the topic name, but it isn't going! That's one good thing about the other forum…..
Well it's changed now. LOL.
Strengths - What is she good at?
You say she's stubborn, does that mean she sticks with something until it's done?
You say she is authoritative, does that mean she can be counted on as a leader when doing tasks or in an emergency situation?
You say she is kind and sweet, does that mean she is easy to get along with, or well-liked?
Weaknesses - What is she bad at? What can't she do?
You say she has a temper, does that mean she does not do well with dibbuns who require patience?
You say she is kind and sweet, does that make her naive?
You say she is authoritative, does that make her bossy and always wants to be right? Her way or the highway?
Background/History - What has she done in her life up until now? Has she always lived in the abbey? Were her parents from the abbey? If not, where did she/they come from, when did they arrive at the abbey, and why did they go to the abbey?
44 seasons, did she ever marry or have children of her own?
Because you haven't specified any background of the character yet, you can take a free position if you wish. I would suggest Infirmary keeper, or Cellar keeper, if so.