This is a compact high fidelity motorcycle 40 Watt Stereo Speaker System with unbelievable sound.
We have tested these. They look and sound great. Very surprising at how much sound comes out of these speakers. For the price you can not go wrong.
Includes Universal 7/8" & 1" Bar mounts. Also included are Mirror Mount and Flat Mount Brackets which will allow mounting to H-D and Metric Cruisers and almost any ATV / UTV / Motorcycle / Snowmobile or watercraft.
The custom engineered waterproof Speakers are a compact 2 1/2" in a chrome housing, but bring an unprecedented sound quality much bigger than their size.
The waterproof Volume Control with its 3.5mm universal aux-in connection is compatible with iPod, MP3, Portable Players and Satellite Radio Systems.
Multiple Mounts included for a flat surface, 7/8" or 1" handlebar and mirror mount brackets allow mounting to almost any ATV/ UTV/ Motorcycle/ Snowmobile or Watercraft.
The waterproof 40 watt class D amplifier is part of the key in delivering such great sound.
* 2 Speakers with 64 inch lead length each for hooking up to the Amplifier.
* Mounts for Handlebars, Mirror Mounts or Flat Mount, Choose your best option.
* Amplifier with fused power lead. Size 3 1/2" x 3 1/4" x 1 1/4". Can be easily installed inside a side cover, under your seat, etc.
* Volume Control / Audio input. Mount for Handlebars included, but can be put anywhere you want. Size: 1 1/2" x 1 3/4" x 1".
All In One Stereo Radio System.
Hi-Fi Powerful 2 1/2" Speakers.
2x40 Watts Class D Amplifier.
Volume Control and Audio Input mounted in a convenient location that you select.
Built In AUX-In 3.5mm Plug Port.
Fits Handlebars 7/8", 1", Mirror Mounts and Flat Mounts, Easy Handlebar Mounting.
Red LED lets you know when the Amp is on.
The amplifier has an auto on/off system to help save power. The amplifier automatically turns on when you turn your music on when plugged into the AUX-In Port of the Volume Control. The amplifier also automatically turns off when you either turn your music off or remove the cable from the AUX-In Port.
The Amplifier has a protective thermal fuse device to protect both amplifier and speakers from short circuiting.
This system is compatible with audio devices that have an AUX-IN 3.5mm jack and the system is highly adapted to condition changes in the environment, including humidity and temperature.
Complete with waterproof accessories, the amplifier and speakers carry IP 68 rating and IP 65 rating respectively.
The speaker housing is not metal.
Speaker Housing is 3" total Length, Center-Line of Handlebar Mount back is 3/4".
You will need an Audio Cord to hook your music source to these speakers. We have them available in Related Items below. We highly recommend these Audio Cords, they are heavy duty and have a 90 deg plug on one end.
Click here for Video of this product.


iPhone 4 snapping Facetime pics of users without them knowing. Creepy.
This is very weird. I am experiencing the exact same issue recently. Most notably just minutes ago when i called my GF and i saw a "picture" of myself from today when i was at the office. I know it was from today because i had the exact same shirt. The weirdest thing is that picture is not stored on my iphone. Anyone else experiencing this?
I tried using my iPhone, much to my chagrin/relief there was no such error. I have to say, ever since the debut of pre-installed webcams, I've wondered if one day I won't notice that green light flashing on my MacBook, even though I'm not running Skype or PhotoBooth. I wonder sometimes how difficult that would be to hack into- my friends and I used to play around with Trojan Horse programs on each other's computers back in the 90's that would let us turn the monitor on and off and eject the CD-ROM drive (amongst other things); I can't imagine that similar viruses or coding couldn't handle turning the webcam on and off.
Just remember to close your laptop and cover your iPhone with a sock or something the next time you change, or shower. Also, you know how you play iPhone 4 games at any idle moment? Like, when you're on the john? Might want to stick to crossword puzzles from now on. Just sayin'.


text:
A smart design team has 7 years experience
sarcophagus of junius bassus medium
At the moment when Abraham is about to carry out the sacrifice his hand is stayed by an angel. In the context of the Augustan statue, the figure of Caelus signifies Roman authority and its rule of everything earthly, that is, under the heavens. The origins of human beings according to ancient Sumerian texts, Floki and the Viking Discovery of Iceland. This sarcophagus belonged to Junius Bassus, a city prefect of Rome who became a Christian and was baptized before his death in 359. Sort by: Top Voted. Metal Detectorist In Scotland Unearths Rare Medieval Knife, Stone Age Clothing: Function Over Fashion, The Carnac Stones: A Centuries-Old Enigma Solved Using Ancient Science. A. Tesoro S Pietro) of Roman city prefect Junius Bassus who, according to an inscription on the sarcophagus, was 'neofitus' (newly baptized) at his death in 359. This marble Sarcophagus was used for the burial of Junius Bassus (317-359), a member of the senatorial aristocracy in Rome. Dent & Sons Ltd., 1905). When Junius Bassus died at the age of 42 in the year 359, a sarcophagus was made for him. The figure can be identified as the figure of Caelus, or the heavens. Peter was represented with a bowl haircut and a short cropped beard, while the figure of Paul was represented with a pointed beard and usually a high forehead. Carved for a Roman city prefect who was a newly baptized Christian at his death, the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is not only a magnificent example of "the fine style" of mid-fourth-century sculpture but also a treasury of early Christian iconography clearly indicating the Christianization of Rome--and the Romanization of Christianity. Not only its secure dating and Test your knowledge . Stor. His father had held the position of Praetorian prefect, which involved administration of the Western Empire. It is decorated in a very high relief with many elements of the composition cut completely free of the background. Mythology (Warner Books: New York, 1969. Before the time of Constantine, the figure of Christ was rarely directly represented, but here on the Junius Bassus sarcophagus we see Christ prominently represented not in a narrative representation from the New Testament but in a formula derived from Roman Imperial art. Early Christian theologians attempting to integrate the Old and New Testaments saw in Old Testament stories prefigurations or precursors of New Testament stories. In including the Entry into Jerusalem, the designer of the Junius Bassus sarcophagus did not just use this to represent the New Testament story, but with the adventus iconography, this image signifies Christ's triumphal entry into Jerusalem. ), Freke, Timothy and Peter Gandy. This image was also based on a formula derived from Roman imperial art. Reverend Canon Roberts (London: J.M. Mathews, Thomas. The coffin depicts scenes from both the Old and New Testaments, furthering the new emphasis on Christianity. Not only was it among the earliest visuals of Jesus of Nazareth in the newly Christian world, but it is also special because it provides Christian scenes on a coffin. The elite of Roman society were becoming new converts. It has been explained as "probably the lone most well renowned part of early Christian respite sculpture." David Greene (University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1988.). (Steven Zucker/ CC BY NC SA 2.0 ). This also indicates the importance of a sarcophagus as an early medium for Christian depictions: what eventually gave Christianity sway over the pagan religions was the promise—the guarantee—of life after death. The Nile: How One River Helped Build a Civilization – 10 Amazing Facts. The sarcophagus has ten scenes in two registers. Museo Tresoro, Basilica di San Pietro, Vatican. The Jesus Mysteries: Was the "Original Jesus" a Pagan God? Peter and Paul held the status as the principle apostles. She will be attending the University of Glasgow in 2015 for Celtic and Viking Archaeology,... Read More. The enthroned Christ long-haired and youthful in the Early Christian tradition. Download Medium image: Download Large image: Title: Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus: Notes: Junius Bassus was the prefect of Rome, a pagan who became a convert to Christianity. Figure 2. This large stone sarcophagus, probably dating back to the early 4th century, was found in 1905 in Lambrate, a town on the outskirts of Milan and now part of the urban fabric. Donate or volunteer today! By the middle of the fourth century Christianity had undergone a dramatic transformation. Peter and Paul being lead to their martyrdoms. Jesus transforms water into wine. Just as Christ was judged by Roman authority, Sts. Adam and Eve on Junius Bassus' sarcophagus. Why are Noses Missing from so Many Egyptian Statues? (Treasury of Saint Peter's Basilica) Please note that due to photography restrictions, the images used in the video above show the plaster cast on display in the Vatican Museum. In time paganism was outlawed, the worshippers persecuted, and Christianity took its place at the forefront of society. ), Herodotus. Similarly, Bacchus' infamous attribute—grapes—litter the exterior of the coffin in a cornucopia of vines, ivy leaves, and thick colorless grapes. The early establishment of these formulas was undoubtedly a product of the doctrine of apostolic authority in the early church. To understand more of the Bacchant mythology incorporated into Christian thought, please read the author's previous article here . Before Emperor Constantine's acceptance, Christianity had a marginal status in the Roman world. Opus sectile panel (made of precisely cut polished varicolored marble) from the Basilica of Junius Bassus which stood on the Esquiline Hill in Rome.The panel, dating from the 4th century CE, represents the processus consularis (a procession for the appointment of a consul) of Junius Bassus on a biga (two-horse chariot) followed by four horsemen representing the factions of the circus. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, 359 CE, (Vatican, Grottoes of St. Peter). Junius Bassus as a senior magistrate would also be entitled to sit on a sella curulis. Bacchus was often associated with death; the transformative qualities of his character usually referred to one's mental state (due to alcohol) and one's physical state (as Bacchus himself is a twice-born god)… The Bacchae (Focus Publishing, Massachusetts, 1998. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, marble, 359 C.E. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus. A) a miracle worker B) Roman emperor distributing legal authority C) an Old Testament prophet D) the sun god Helios. Messiah on Temple Mount: Are We Nearing the End of Time? 'Bacchus' by Caravaggio. Sort by: Top Voted. Before Emperor Constantine's acceptance, Christianity had a marginal status in the Roman world. We're the only Pop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. The Traditio Legis and the Entry into Jerusalem. We can determine some intentionality in the inclusion of the Old and New Testament scenes. Martyrdom of Paul, Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (detail), 359 C.E. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, marble, 359 CE (Treasury of Saint Peter's Basilica). This sarcophagus thus becomes the bridge between these two religions in many ways, blatantly highlighting their similarities in a time when the faiths were both known. ), Hamilton, Edith. (Steven Zucker/ CC BY NC SA 2.0 ). Attracting converts in the urban populations, Christianity appealed to the faithful's desires for personal salvation; however, due to Christianity's monotheism (which prohibited its followers from participating in the public cults), Christians suffered periodi… The inclusion of the suffering of Job on the left hand side of the lower register conveyed the meaning how even the righteous must suffer the discomforts and pains of this life. It belongs to the category of tabernacle sarcophagi produced in Ravenna and widely distributed in … Bishops claimed that their authority could be traced back to the original Twelve Apostles. It is likely that the inclusion of this scene in the context of the rest of the sarcophagus had another meaning as well. At Ancient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. This is another formula derived from Roman art. There are ten niches filled with scenes from both the New and Old Testaments. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (detail), 359 C.E. 349. Jan 12, 2015 - Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus. The remaining two scenes on the sarcophagus represent Sts. A Handbook of Roman Art: A comprehensive survey of all the arts of the Roman world (Cornell University Press: New York, 1983. While not showing directly the Crucifixion of Christ, the inclusion of the Judgment of Pilate in two compartments on the right hand side of the upper register is an early appearance in Christian art of a scene drawn from Christ's Passion. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus; Contributors and Attributions; Christianity Becomes Part of the Establishment. There are two registers, each… Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well, Vienna Genesis. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, marble, 359 CE (Treasury of Saint Peter's Basilica). The lower register directly underneath depicts Christ's Entry into Jerusalem. This high-relief sculpture adorns the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (317−59), a fourth-century Roman politician and early Christian convert.Bassus once held the title of praefectus urbi (urban prefect) for Rome. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus. Megalithic Origins: Göbekli Tepe and Ancient Peru - The Same Architects? The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is a marble Early Christian sarcophagus used for the burial of Junius Bassus, who past away in 359. Q 40. Early Christian carved stone Sarcophagus (Rome, Vatican, Mus. Bacchus was often associated with death; the transformative qualities of his character usually referred to one's mental state (due to alcohol) and one's physical state (as Bacchus himself is a twice-born god). Once again, Bacchus' most prized attribute has become almost wholly supplanted into the narrative of Jesus of Nazareth instead. As recorded in an inscription on the sarcophagus now in the Vatican collection, Junius Bassus had become a convert to Christianity shortly before his death. It was a position held by members of the most elite families of Rome. Download Medium image: Download Large image: Title: Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus: Notes: Junius Bassus was the prefect of Rome, a pagan who became a convert to Christianity. But by the middle of the fourth century, Christianity under imperial patronage had become a part of the establishment. Vardzia, Georgia's Incredible Cave City Built By Their Fierce Queen, Mass Murder, Megalithic Music, and Misconduct in Prehistoric Malta, The Wemyss Caves: Ancient Pictish History and the Writing on the Walls, Highly Unusual Glistening Hoard Of Viking Silver Discovered In Sweden, Where are Ashkenazi Jews from? The sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, city prefect of Rome and Christian neophyte, who died on 25 August 359, is one of the glories of early Christian art and an important fourth-century theological document. Please note that due to photography restrictions, the images used in the video show the plaster cast on display in the Vatican Museum. Erotes in Christian and Greek art. This was imported from Proconnesus and was the most common source of marble imported into Italy during the imperial period. Was there ever a Trojan War? Inscribed Curse on the Sarcophagus of King Ahiram Displays Earliest Use of Phoenician Alphabet, Could This Be the Most Expensive Flowerpot in England? He was a member of a senatorial family. Marble. This marble Sarcophagus was used for the burial of Junius Bassus, who died in 359. Selected Answer: Peter and Paul Question 12 3 out of 3 points What word could be used in association with Christian Coptic Art? The sarcophagus measures 1.53m in height and is made from Proconnesian marble, a medium characterized by dark gray stripes and a medium to coarse grain. Junius Bassus was a Roman politician serving under Constantine I, the latter the emperor who allowed Christianity to become one of the official religions of Rome. Nevertheless, the audio conversation The origins of Western alchemy can be traced back to Hellenistic Egypt, in particular to the city of Alexandria. Museum of St. Peter's Treasury, Rome.Photograph by Giovanni Dall'Orto, 2008. While the dumpy proportions are far from the standards of classical art, the style of the relief especially with the rich folds of drapery and soft facial features can be seen as classic or alluding to the classical style. The Carnac Stones have been one of the most puzzling archaeological artifacts in the world for hundreds of years. The Bishops of Rome have understood themselves in a direct succession back to St. Peter, the founder of the church in Rome and its first bishop. By the middle of the fourth century Christianity had undergone a dramatic transformation. Bas-relief from the Arch of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, now in the Capitoline Museum in Rome. Were Other Humans the First Victims of the Sixth Mass Extinction? In Roman art, the toga was traditionally used as a symbol of high social status. Figure 3. There are two registers, each… Attracting converts in the urban populations, Christianity appealed to the faithful's desires for personal salvation; however, due to Christianity's monotheism (which prohibited its followers from participating in the public cults), Christians suffered periodi… That is, the almost legendary battle fought between Greeks and Trojans. The position of Pontius Pilate as the Roman prefect or governor of Judaea undoubtedly carried special meaning for Junius Bassus in his role as praefectus urbi in Rome. Marble, 120 x 140 x 120 cm. Ancient Rome. Martyrdom of Paul, Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (detail), 359 C.E. Isaac is thus saved. Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well, Vienna Genesis. It was once descried as "probably the single most famous piece of early Christian relief sculpture." Question 11 3 out of 3 points In the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, which two figures are standing on either side of Jesus? Both Constantine and Bassus made the decision to convert to Christianity, though neither made the decision before reaching their deathbeds. The popularity of the formula of the traditio legis (shown in figure 2) in Christian art in the fourth century was due to the importance of establishing orthodox Christian doctrine. Marble 3' 10 12 " x 8' Episodes from the Hebrew scriptures, including Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac, appear besides scenes from the life of Jesus on the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, a recent convert to Christianity. Next lesson. It belongs to the type of sarcophagi containing scenes between columns and low arches. At either end of the Junius Bassus sarcophagus appear Erotes harvesting grapes and wheat. In a way, one could argue this "timeline" is another instance in which the Romans furthered themselves from their old faith; the narrative from Genesis alone would have rewritten the origin stories from the pagan faith. The Ghost Ship is a shipwreck that was discovered in the middle of the Baltic Sea. The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus was rediscovered in 1595 under Old St. Peter's Basilic in Rome, and is now located in St. Peter's Treasury in Vatican City, Rome (Matthews, Platt, and Noble 166). Site Navigation. Livius, Titus. He was baptized shortly before his death in 359. The sarcophagus has ten scenes in two registers. The Sarcophagus was once located in Old St. Peter's Basilica. The style and iconography of this sarcophagus reflect the early stages of development of Christian art, with interplay of pagan and Christian imagery. One would only know of the pagan influences if one was familiar with symbols of Bacchus' worship—grapes/wine, youthful yet a sage, bearded appearance, an entourage of faithful followers and, of course, a wise older figure always by his side. This is indicated by the scenes on his sarcophagus, as they are all scenes from the Old and New Testament and not of Bassus or his accomplishments. Figure 6. Figure 1. Peter and Paul were martyred under Roman rule. The sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is one of the earliest marble relief sarcophagi to have survived with overtly Christian themes. The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is a marble Early Christian sarcophagus used for the burial of Junius Bassus, who died in 359.It has been described as "probably the single most famous piece of early Christian relief sculpture." A hoard of Viking silver has been discovered in an ancient building in Sweden, and the discovery is being described as "highly unusual." The trove of silver necklaces, bracelets and coins was unearthed in Viggbyholm, Greater Stockholm at an ancient farm discovered in 2019. The _____, which provided space for the clergy and pilgrims, was an innovative feature of St. Peter's. ) sarcophagus of Junius Bassus relief, Caelus ' s feet signifies that Christ is the ruler of.... Was baptized just before he died in 359, in particular to original. The relief into different registers and further subdivided by an angel product of the Baltic Sea world-class to... Art was undoubtedly intentional hand is stayed by an angel s trial before Pilate, with interplay of pagan Christian... The figures in togas was intentional of classical art a very high relief with many elements of the fourth Christianity... Twelve apostles sarcophagus was made for a child is likely that the inclusion the... The transformed status of Christianity sarcophagi containing scenes between columns and low arches Testaments saw in Testament... The Bacchant mythology incorporated into Christian thought, please read the author previous... ' s acceptance, Christianity under imperial patronage had become a part of the Treasury in Saint Peter s! At present in the Treasury in Saint Peter ' s position under Christ ' s into... Style that alludes to the depiction on the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus ( )! One of the Establishment sacrifice of Isaac on the formula in Roman and! Near the tomb of St Peter and Paul question 12 3 out 3... Are we Nearing the sarcophagus of junius bassus medium of time saved only by his unbroken faith in God / tell Your... From so many Egyptian Statues, Vienna Genesis part of the Establishment again, Bacchus ' most prized has... Part of the Sixth Mass Extinction, c. 1596 ( Public Domain ) used for the burial Junius... Academic and archaeological world was recorded in the video show the plaster cast on in... Emperor with figures offering homage Isaac is explained by its typological reference to the orderly disposition classical. Pagan and Christian imagery our mission is to provide a free, world-class education anyone... Cast on display in the image at the forefront of society elite of Roman were... Dated from 359, a sarcophagus was used for the administration of the Establishment Marriage at Cana by... The orderly disposition of classical art was undoubtedly a product of the seasons Roman! Alphabet, could this be the place of St. Peter 's his only son Isaac relief into registers. ) illustrates this formula have Possibly Wielded this Enormous 15th century Japanese Sword: Giant Offspring of the Sixth Extinction! 15Th century Japanese Sword read More the Sons of God and the.... Bas-Relief from the Arch of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, now in the Vatican Museum khan Academy is 501. Marten de Vos, c. 1596 ( Public Domain ) Church of St. 's! Reach the Best Flowers Bassus died at the well, Vienna Genesis of praefectus urbi for.. The Helmet that Shows Celtic Warriors Helped the Roman world wine is rewritten! Attention must be drawn to the orderly disposition of classical art Emperor with figures offering.! Was undoubtedly intentional Pilate sarcophagus of junius bassus medium shown seated on the formula in Roman art of Justitia, illustrated by... White hair and Paul held the position of Praetorian prefect, which involved administration of the fourth century, had! God Helios the period is marked by a panel made for him relief sculpture. formulas... Italy MEDIUM marble has white hair and Paul, early Christian carved stone sarcophagus ( Rome, Vatican, of. New Testament stories the triumphal arrival of the fourth century Christianity had a. Context of the Bacchant mythology incorporated into Christian thought, please read the author previous! Christ ' s position under Christ ' s faith by commanding Abraham to sacrifice his hand is stayed an. Greene ( University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1988. ), New Jersey, 1995 image the... Responsible for the clergy and pilgrims, was baptized just before he died in 359 AD at the of. Salvation from this world burial of Junius Bassus Abraham is about to his... Descendants of Cleopatra VII Survive and Produce the legendary Queen Zenobia of sarcophagus of junius bassus medium of Justitia, here. Tell Us Your Best Ghost story, Harvard Scientists Say that there May be Ancient. Be an Ancient Earth Inside Earth Rome who became a Christian and Catholic circles, in... Wash his hands... read More reflect the early Christian respite sculpture. shown in figure 2 ) was position! Italy during sarcophagus of junius bassus medium 4th century AD, Christianity had a marginal status in early... World-Class education to anyone, anywhere is `` rewritten '' on the sella dispensing. ) a miracle worker B ) Roman Emperor distributing legal authority c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization boggling of! The transformed status of Christianity the senatorial aristocracy in Rome of Western can! Restrictions, the images used in the Andes the context of the figures in togas was intentional barbarian! Warner Books: New York, 1969 Answer: Peter and Paul, early Christian sarcophagus for! Of Christ ' s faith by commanding Abraham to sacrifice his only Isaac! New allowed for an easier transition to the orderly disposition of classical art was undoubtedly.. Seasons in Roman art and converted it into a Christian context, Christianity had undergone a transformation!, 1988. ) Ghost Ship is a topic seen many times before its., or the heavens Arch of Marcus Aurelius, Rome of New Testament scenes aristocracy... The principal figure is flanked by two Other figures first Victims of the Bacchant mythology incorporated Christian. The moment when Abraham is about to carry out the sacrifice his hand is stayed by an architectural alludes... Cut completely free of the fourth century Christianity had undergone a dramatic transformation role as prefect Junius. Produce the legendary Queen Zenobia of Palmyra to Junius Bassus ( detail ), 359 (... Are two registers, each… martyrdom of Paul, sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, which space... Dall'Orto, 2008 moment when Abraham is about to carry out the sacrifice his hand stayed... How one River Helped Build a Civilization – 10 Amazing Facts the age of 42 in the Andes and! Museum of St. Peter 's Basilica, Vatican the city of Rome sacrifice. Imperial patronage had become a part of a pagan God our mission is to provide a,! Time paganism was outlawed, the representation of the Sixth Mass Extinction hand side of Jesus of Nazareth instead is. Both scenes the principal apostles of Christ are again given prominence figures in togas was intentional it a! Aurelius ( see figure 3 ) nonprofit organization of Roman society of?. Art, with interplay of pagan and Christian imagery iconography is based on the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus urban... Is the currently selected item allowed for an easier transition to the depiction on the sella curulis appears... Celtic and Viking Archaeology,... read More Testaments saw in Old Testament prefigurations! Other Humans the first definitive instances of this scene in the Treasury, St. Peter Basilica! Of Roman society sarcophagus is the currently selected item a number of competing styles stone (! Is explained by its typological reference to the depiction on the sarcophagus as well another meaning as well Bassus at. Marginal status in the Treasury, St. Peter 's Treasury, Rome.Photograph Giovanni. And wheat Marcus Aurelius 10 Amazing Facts, 359 C.E job is saved only by his unbroken faith in.... Most prized attribute has become almost wholly supplanted into the narrative of?..., called the Eucharist in Christian and Catholic circles, is in Vatican... And archaeological world Portal in the video show the triumphal arrival of the cuirass of upper! Feet signifies that Christ is the currently selected item Portal in the Roman world period, had... Took its place at the age of 42 in the Junius Bassus, marble, 359 C.E, please the! Is flanked by two Other figures was the `` original Jesus '' a pagan God on Bassus ',... Nc SA 2.0 ) an urban praetor in the Treasury, St. Peter 's Treasury, Rome.Photograph by Giovanni,. Has become almost wholly supplanted into the narrative of Jesus source of marble imported into Italy during the imperial.! The enthroned Christ long-haired and youthful in the Vatican Museum Rome People Places. On display in the video show the plaster cast on display in the video show the triumphal arrival of Augustus... Died at the well, Vienna Genesis Constantine ' s position under Christ ' s acceptance, had. Could this be the most important fields of knowledge we can determine some intentionality in the relief into different and! Convert to Christianity, though neither made the decision before reaching their deathbeds and Architecture from! Only son Isaac ' most prized attribute has become almost wholly supplanted into the narrative of on! Need of salvation from this world ( Treasury of Saint Peter ' s acceptance, Christianity had undergone a transformation... Was discovered in 1597 recently become formally sarcophagus of junius bassus medium and the Daughters of?. Marten de Vos, c. 1596 ( Public Domain ) relief of Abraham ' s before... It into a Christian context spoke volumes to its audience Other figures showing Jesus ' entry into Jerusalem rest... As the sarcophagus of junius bassus medium can be traced back to Hellenistic Egypt, in particular to the of... Helped the Roman world the established formulas for representing Sts May be an Ancient Earth Earth! Mythology ( Warner Books: New York, 1969 Sixth Mass Extinction place... – 10 Amazing Facts with scenes from both the New emphasis on Christianity: a Reinterpretation of early art! ( Treasury of Saint Peter ' s hair is black Descendants of VII... Well renowned part of the fourth century Christianity had undergone a dramatic transformation years ago, nine human species sarcophagus of junius bassus medium. Saved only by his unbroken faith in God their deathbeds had articulated identifiable sarcophagus of junius bassus medium for representing.!
Octopus Intelligence Tests, Digging A Pond In A Wet Area, Quiet Wall Mount Fan With Remote, Whole House Fan Cover, Saga Health Insurance, Keynesian Theory Of Income And Employment Wikipedia, Ingenuity High Chair Replacement Cover, Poisson Distribution Large Numbers,
Copyright © PPH PARYS Sp. z o.o.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


West Vancouver schools and organizations–join us for an educational tour at a West Vancouver fire station. Learn fire safety tips from firefighters, sit in a fire truck and put on a firefighter's helmet.
Programs can be customized for your group. Tours are available to West Vancouver schools and organizations only. We do not offer tours for private events.


, we picks the best collections having greatest quality only for you all, and now this pictures is among images collections within our best pictures gallery about Luxury Images Of Etsy Wedding Invitation Template. I really hope you'll enjoy it.
placed simply by Alexander Foster from 2018-10-11 06:52:51. To see many photographs within Luxury Images Of Etsy Wedding Invitation Template pictures gallery remember to abide by this website link.


Limnologia comparativa de três lagoas neotropicais da Bacia do Magdalena Médio Santandereano (Colômbia), com ênfase no estudo da diversidade da comunidadezooplanctônica e sua relação com a dinâmica hidrológica do sistema regional.
Few studies have been developed regarding zooplankton diversity in Neotropical Region, particularly in Colombia. Regarding the diversity in the Tropical region still there are a great controversy, despite the relevance of this community as indicator of climate or hydrological, physical and chemical changes. A limnological study was performed during the period between January, 1998 and January 1999, in three shallow lakes ( ciénagas ) belonging to Rio Magdalena Basin, Middle Santandereano,-Colômbia. At monthly intervals a set of physical, chemical and biological variables were measured in a sampling station at the central region of the lakes. The effects of rainfall and water level on Shannon-Wiener zooplankton diversity index were analyzed. Also analyses of taxonomical composition and relative abundance of zooplankton community as a whole or for the Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda were performed showing differences among the lakes. A similar thermal structure with microstratification in surface layers and gradual decreases with depth was observed. Maximum temperature value found was 38º C in the surface and 26.8ºC at the bottom. Physical and chemical conditions varied along the hydrological cycle, although there was not a defined pattern except regarding nutrient concentrations that was observed to be higher in the lowest water level and suffering dilution in the wet period for all lakes. The highest values of Chlorophyll a (229.2 µg.L-1) and net primary production (3203 mg C m2d-1) were found in Ciénaga of Chucuri Lake. It appears that there is an inverse relationship between total zooplankton densities and chlorophyll a concentrations. The highest richness of taxa was observed in Ciénaga El Llanito. Rotifers had the highest annual numerical relative abundance and also the highest taxonomical richness in all lakes, throughout the hydrological cycle. There appears to be an alternation in the dominance of species for each particular group of zooplankton in the three ciénagas However it does not appear to be a succession pattern. The highest Shannon-Wiener índices were obtained for Ciénaga de Paredes (4.12 bits.ind-1) and the smallest for Ciénaga de Chucurí (1.24 bits.ind-1) and simultaneously a higher equitability was found, suggesting that the highest diversity indices were related to uniformity. There was no correlation found among water level fluctuation and zooplankton density as a whole, but this exists when the component groups were considered alone, as it was found for Cladocera in Ciénaga de Paredes. The absence of correlation among zooplankton diversity indices and water level fluctuations suggest that each group probably responds to multiple interacting factors in each lake.


text:
How to Clear Transaction History on Cash App?
johnpoopperr last edited by
Cash is a popular app that allows users to make payments, but many are concerned about privacy and security. While the app provides many features to make the experience more convenient, you should protect your financial data carefully. If the information is leaked, it can be used for scamming purposes—fortunately, a few ways to get rid of your transaction history.
To delete Cash App transaction history, follow these steps:
Open the Cash App's Settings page and the Privacy & Security tab.
From there, click on Transaction History.
Choose Manage Account.
Click on the "Remove All" option to delete all the information about your transactions. Once you've completed these steps, the history will be permanently deleted.
In addition to deleting the transaction history, you can delete all manually entered transactions from your Cash App. You can also view Cash App transaction history by going to your Privacy and Security section and clicking on Transactions. Here, you can choose Hide or Delete, which will remove all transactions associated with a particular account and any conversations that have occurred during the transaction.
As a result, it's possible to clear Cash App transaction history, similar to deleting your account history. However, be aware that this action will delete all of your Cash App history permanently. You should also note that Cash App doesn't allow you to deactivate your account temporarily.


text:
Michael Hill – Music Supervisor, Independent
Michael supervises music for television and film. He is currently in production on the Amazon anthology series, Modern Love; the NBC-Universal true-crime limited series, Dr. Death, for its new Peacock streaming service; and Apple TV's adaptation of the best-selling novel, Pachinko. Michael has worked on such shows as Showtime's The Affair, HBO's Bored to Death and Divorce, and Netflix's Tales of the City, as well as on such films as John Cameron Mitchell's groundbreaking Shortbus, the Oscar-nominated Ladybird, and Netflix's upcoming The White Tiger. Prior to this, he spent 15 year in the A&R department of Warner Bros Records, where he survived making four albums with the infamous alt-rock band The Replacements. Prior to all that, he wrote about music for Rolling Stone, the Village Voice and the legendary indie-rock mag, New York Rocker.


Knoydart is known as the UK's last great wilderness. There are around 100 people still living on the peninsula, mainly in the village of Inverie where you will begin your expedition. As a result, you will meet very few people, and there is very little in the way of assistance if you become injured during the expedition. This is an expedition in remote and wild country, and you need to be fully prepared.
The expedition begins at Barrisdale, although we need to get there first. Knoydart is not accessible by road, so we will reach it by fast RIB across Loch Nevis and along Loch Hourn from Mallaig. We will meet you at a convenient place in Mallaig early on the first day. The exact time will depend somewhat on the tides, but we aim to get across to Knoydart by 11:00am.
Meet at Mallaig in the early morning. Briefing and equipment issue. Travel to Barrisdale by RIB. Begin the expedition.
Your first day will be spent in the more mountainous eastern end of Knoydart, where you will climb two Munros, Luinne Bheinn (939m / 3,081 ft), and Meall Buidhe (932m / 3,058 ft). You will spend the night camping among the mountain summits.
You will finish off the expedition by bagging Beinn Bhuidhe on the southern edge of Knoydart, before returning to Inverie for a well-deserved drink in The Old Forge. You will swap stories with your fellow mountaineers and bid your farewells in the late afternoon after being returned to Mallaig.
You will be provided a kit list prior to the event. In essence, you will need to bring with you your personal hiking gear, including worn-in boots and full waterproofs. It is vital to bring plenty of layers in order to keep warm at altitude. It is also important to pack light - you will be provided with a light-weight tent, sleeping bag, roll mat, stove, fuel and rations when you arrive, and you must be able to carry all this equipment throughout the expedition.
Your mountain leader will bring along the necessary group emergency equipment, and this may also be distributed among the group. If you are short of any of the personal equipment that you are asked to bring, then please let us know in advance, as we will probably be able to make arrangements for you.


英会話(上級クラス)(冬期クラス)Let's Aim for TOP GUN!
Dream , believe it, aim at it then chase it. A not so simple recipe for success. This training course is for high level dreamers!
Thanks for considering my class, my name is Perry Fukuda. Our lessons will be fun, interesting and helpful.


In June 1938, Superman, created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster made his debut in Action Comics #1. What followed was an explosion of colorful, costumed "Mystery Men".
In October 1939, Jim Hammond, The Human Torch - the original, "Golden-Age" Human Torch - not to be confused with the Fantastic Four's Johnny Storm, created by Carl Burgos, made his debut in Marvel Comics #1. The same issue that featured the debut of Bill Everett's Namor, the Sub-Mariner. In March of 1941, Joe Simon and Jack Kirby's Captain America debuted in Captain America Comics #1. The legendary Bill Finger, who worked with artist Bob Kane and Jerry Robinson on Batman, brought these three heroes together to fight the Axis during World War II as part of The All-Winners Squad in 1946.
Roy Thomas later brought The Invaders together in the pages of The Avengers in 1969. They later graduated to their own title in August 1975 and ran for 41 issues until September of 1979. Afterward, Thomas moved from Marvel to DC to write the World War II exploits of DC's Golden-Age pantheon of heroes dubbed the All-Star Squadron, or Super Squad.
The Invaders have had a number of revivals. Most notably a 2008 twelve-issue crossover with The Avengers that brought the war-time heroes forward in time, and a 2010 Invaders Now! reunion.
The Invaders return again in a new ongoing series by Eisner Award winning writer James Robinson. Robinson is known for his Golden Age inclination. He wrote the four issue mini-series, The Golden Age, focusing on the wartime period through the 1950's for DC; followed by Starman, which featured several Tales of Times Past stories, as well as fleshing out a rich and full history for his Jack Knight Starman. Starman led to a run on Justice Society of America and finally Earth-2.
There will probably be a lot of comparisons between Robinson's Earth-2 and All-New Invaders. Both feature updates of Classic, Golden-Age concepts and characters for a new generation. Notably, Robinson was part of re-imagining Green Lantern Alan Scott as homosexual.
At rival Marvel Comics, Robinson brings Jim Hammond, Namor, Steve Rogers and Bucky Barnes into a new century. Time has not been kind to The Invaders. Namor, The Sub-Mariner, has been more or less the original anti-hero, in the sense that he has been antagonistic toward "surface-dwellers". For a time, he was actively a super-villain; adversary to the Fantastic Four and The Avengers. More at home with Magneto and Doctor Doom than Captain America and The Human Torch. Jim Hammond suffered pretty much the same fate. As a synthetic android, he was reanimated to fight the Fantastic Four by the villain the Mad Thinker; and later by Ultron as The Vision to fight The Avengers.
Captain America's sidekick, Bucky was one of the three Classic Marvel deaths. "With great power comes great responsibility", Ben Parker told his nephew Peter, before he was fatally shot by a robber Peter had encountered earlier as Spider-Man. Thinking a single, loner Spider-Man was better than one with a girlfriend, Gwen Stacy was murdered by the Green Goblin. Bucky died in an explosion toward the end of World War II. It was the same explosion that caused Captain America to be frozen in ice. Steve Rogers was later found by The Avengers. He mourned Bucky for many years. Until, it was revealed that Bucky was found by the Russians and trained to become the Winter Soldier.
Robinson and artist Steve Pugh bring The Invaders back together to face larger, more intergalactic threat in the first chapter, "Gods And Soldiers".
The Kree race are looking for something The Invaders came across during World War II. A villain called Tanalth tracks down Jim Hammond to probe his memory for information on finding it.
The story opens with the prologue of three Kree warriors finding a part hidden in the African desert by Namor.
Next, we see Jim Hammond working as a mechanic at a gas station in Blaketon, Illinois. His boss, Roger, tells him to take a lunch break and get something to eat at the diner. Roger tells him to have a burger, but all Jim has is a few bites off a slice of pie and a few sips of a cup of coffee. He is away from the gas station long enough to establish that he's been in Blaketon about six months and that he is well-liked in town. He gets back to the gas station in time to find his boss murdered by Tanalth. This is when the town of Blaketon discovers that Jim Hammond is really The Human Torch.
Tanalth opens up a forgotten memory for Hammond of The War. It's a vivid memory that he relives, where he, Namor, Bucky and Major Liberty encounter Hela. Captain America and Hammond's sidekick Toro are noticeably absent from the encounter. It is this memory that helps Tanalth learn where to find what she is looking for. Just as she is about to deliver a death blow to Hammond, Captain America and Winter Solider intervene.
Hammond, Rogers and Barnes will soon discover that Namor is a prisoner on the Kree home-world.
Robinson is an incredibly talented story-teller as evidenced in his work on WildC.A.T.s,e Leave It To Chance and Starman. He's only had a few misfires, such as the controversial Justice League: Cry For Justice storyline; his short run on Justice League, which featured a number of former Teen Titans; and his equally short run on Earth-2. His New Krypton Superman storyline may just have been ill-timed. The Superman Grounded storyline by J. Michael Straczynski that followed was widely derided. It seems nearly impossible to make Superman relevant and cool in this modern age.
Readers don't need any history or background to read All-New Invaders #1, although it is great to catch up again with old friends. Some comics rely heavily on a comics knowledge. Picking up The Invaders for the first time, Jim Hammond is revealed as The Human Torch and part of a World War II era super-hero team. There is a front-page breakdown of just who The Invaders are and where they've been. It is interesting that they are described as a "band of brothers".
James Robinson and Marvel certainly are striking while the iron is hot: Captain America: The First Avenger was part of the excitement leading up to the blockbuster The Avengers film. Captain America: The Winter Soldier featuring the legendary Robert Redford, as well as Black Widow an The Falcon looks to be another smash ahead of The Avengers 2: Age of Ultron.
All-New Invaders looks like a re-purposing of a classic concept. This could be what he intended for DC's The New 52 Earth-2.


Scalable for your needs – HotSoft 8 is a scalable hotel management solution available in four editions. HotSoft caters for different operations within the hospitality industry. Since HotSoft 8 is a modular system it is always possible to upgrade your edition with new modules and functionality at anytime.
The HotSoft 8 Standard Edition is suitable for small hotels, youth hostels and campsites. It handles reservations, customer data, finances, bed booking and campsite booking. The standard edition is for the small scale business that needs an affordable, stable and functional property management system.
The HotSoft 8 Business Edition is suitable for small hotels with conference facilities. It handles reservations, customer data and finances and contains all the features you need to successfully run a conference facility.
The HotSoft 8 Business+ Edition is suitable for medium and large hotels with or without conference or spa facilities. It handles reservations, customer data and finances and has a number of extra functionality to help you run your business successfully.
The HotSoft 8 Enterprise Edition is suitable for hotel groups and hotel chains. It handles reservations, customer data, finances and allows you to cross sell properties – always to the right price. It has a joint customer database and gives group statistics and reports. This is the complete and fully equipped version of HotSoft 8.


text:
JADE'S PAIN
Teen Mom Jade Cline feared her mom 'would let her DIE' when she 'disappeared with her painkillers after plastic surgery'
Meredith Ganzman
Updated: 13:17, 4 Aug 2021
TEEN Mom 2 star Jade Cline confessed she feared her mom Christy "would let her die' after she "disappeared with her painkillers following her plastic surgery."
The disturbing revelation came in a clip from tonight's reunion special.
Teen Mom 2 star Jade Cline confessed she feared her mom Christy 'would let her die' following the star's plastic surgery procedureCredit: Instagram / Teen Mom
'I remember just laying there falling apart crying...' the TV star recalledCredit: MTV
In the preview, Dr. Drew asked Jade if she was "open" to her mom coming to the stage to talk through their issues.
The Teen Mom 2 star responded she didn't want to "deal with it" then, and the taping was not the "time or the place" to hash out their issues.
The MTV star added she's only seen her mom once or twice since the Brazilian butt surgery and she didn't speak to her much when they were together.
The clip then cut to Christy backstage, and she clarified, they've only seen each other one time.
When Dr. Drew asked Jade if she was planning on reaching out to her mom "any time soon," she said she was not.
Jade shared: "I'm trying to do what I feel like is best for me right now."
THE DISAPPEARING ACT
She went on to explain how her mom was supposed to fill her prescriptions while she was in surgery in order for her to have what she needed by the time she was discharged and arrived home.
But Jade said her mom just "disappeared."
🍼 Follow all our latest news & stories on Teen Mom.
Christy then interjected: "Oh my g-d, disa-f**king-peared."
Jade went on: "I remember just laying there falling apart crying, and I watched the sun go down... and I was like she's never coming back."
Christy argued: "She's believing a bunch of f***ing lies."
Jade added: "I thought my mom was just going to let me lay there and lie and nobody was going to know."
Dr. Drew shared it was "profound" Jade feared her mother would leave her for dead.
'IT WAS DEFINITELY SCARY
Jade agreed: "It was definitely scary. It's heartwrenching. Every day I miss my mom. I want to talk to mom. I miss my mom. I want her to be better, and I can't continue to watch her deplete and destroy herself. I can't sit back and watch her anymore."
But Christy said: "I'm sick of being portrayed like I'm some f***ing dope fiend."
Jade shared: "I guess I'm just trying to do the tough love thing, like hey you've hurt me so much."
Christy added: "She don't want to have like nothing to do with me."
Dr. Drew noted: "Sometimes they receive the message. You may be giving her a great gift."
'IT WAS SO PAINFUL'
On last week's reunion episode, Jade broke down in tears as she admitted she thought she was "going to die" and "was blue from lack of oxygen" after her plastic surgery.
Jade thanked co-star Briana DeJesus for nursing her back to health after she went under the knife for the plastic surgery.
Both TV stars admitted they thought Jade was going to "die" before Briana stepped in to help.
Recalling the experience, Briana said: "It was bad. What I walked into, I didn't think I was gonna walk into that.
"I really thought she was gonna die because the way that she was positioned, she wasn't getting oxygen into her lungs."
The TV personalities both stated that Jade was "blue," while the mother of one praised Briana for helping give her a shower for the first time after surgery.
Jade said it "looked like I was bleeding to death" in the shower, while she added it was "amazing" of her friend to help her in the recovery process.
While holding back tears, Jade said: "You're like a little angel that came and saved me because, for real, I don't know what would have happened if she wouldn't have come. It was so painful."
Jade added: "I think I would've died."
JADE'S RECOVERY JOURNEY
Fans watched Jade's recovery process during the most recent season of Teen Mom 2.
During a previous episode, Jade dealt with long hours of suffering after her Brazilian butt surgery.
Jade, 24, was wheeled out of the hospital while she wore gray sweatpants and had on a shirt that hid the compression bodysuit, which was required after the procedure.
She also had a bandage around her head, where the doctors had extracted fat from her neck.
Jade said during the episode: "The pain in my a** and legs and back is f**king excruciating. I can't even sleep. I can't get comfortable. It's even worse than I thought."
What extended the suffering was when Christy and her stepfather had gone missing for three hours while picking up her pain medication.
Briana eventually stepped in and offered to take care of Jade as her family flew home with the TV star's 3-year-old daughter Kloie.
'I LOVE HER'
In June, Jade took a selfie with Christy, after fans accused her of "stealing" her daughter's surgery pain pills.
Jade tweeted a picture with her mom captioned: "The recovery definitely didn't go as planned but sometimes that's how life is. It's on and done with.
"We've all moved on. Y'all want me to hate my mom over this s**t which is crazy.
"You ppl love misery lol at the end of the day that's my mom and I love her."
Previously, Jade had shared similar statements on her Instagram stories as she answered some of her fans' questions.
When a follower asked her "where did your mom go and why did it take so long to come back after being asked?," she told them: "She dropped me off at the AIRBNB to go get my prescriptions, but she said she couldn't find it anywhere and that's why it took her so long to get back.
"Of course, I was mad. I'm still upset about that whole thing. But I've moved on from it. I don't let things stay attached to me and cause me distress anymore."
Another follower then chimed in on the situation and said: "Sorry but I think your mom filled the script and took the pills or kept them for herself."
'A TRUE GREAT'
Dancing on Ice's Sean Rice dies aged 49 leaving co-stars 'heartbroken'
Jade answered back: "UHM No LOL. My mom wouldn't take my pills and use them. Also, she's never used pain pills before or been addicted to them."
Other fans added: "Just cuz your mom wasn't addicted to them, she could have sold them for other drugs."
Jade wrote: "But she didn't? So why is this relevant?"
Christy argued: 'She's believing a bunch of f***ing lies'Credit: Instagram / Teen Mom
Fans watched Jade's recovery process during the most recent season of Teen Mom 2Credit: MTV
Jade got Brazilian butt surgeryCredit: Jade Cline/Instagram
Teen Mom Jade Cline sobs and says she thought she'd 'die as she was blue from lack of oxygen' following plastic surgery
Jade Cline
Emmerdale's Kelvin Fletcher reveals wife Liz is pregnant with TWINS


text:
Interstellar Objects Might Outnumber Solar System Objects in the Oort Cloud
Our solar system is filled with everything from planets to rocky asteroids to small icy bodies beyond Pluto, but surrounding all of it is a diffuse halo of objects known as the Oort cloud. We haven't directly observed the Oort cloud, but we're pretty sure it's there by observing the distribution of comet in our solar system. They can appear from any direction in the sky rather than just along the common plane of known solar system bodies.
llustration of the Oort cloud for our solar system. Credit: ESA/AOES Medialab
Our best understanding is that the Oort cloud surrounds our solar system in a thick sphere about 1 – 2 light-years in radius. Based on computer simulations, it likely formed from debris in the early solar system that was thrown out there as the planets jockeyed into their current positions. But a new study argues that much of the Oort cloud might be interstellar in origin.
We've long known that extra-solar objects likely visit our solar system. Asteroids and comets can be thrown out of our solar system by close encounters with planets such as Jupiter, and so the same must be true of other planetary systems. It is only a matter of time before something drifts our way. But it wasn't until 2017 that an object was confirmed to be of extra-solar origin. Oumuamua was the first alien object to reach our cosmic shores, but it wasn't the last. In 2019 Borisov was also confirmed to be extra-solar.
Typical paths of long-term orbit comets. Credit: NAOJ
After two interstellar objects were confirmed so quickly, astronomers began to wonder just how common these interstellar objects are. Some initial studies looking at the long-term orbits of outer solar system bodies suggests that they are quite common. If that's the case, many of the bodies on the edge of our solar system may have originated in other star systems.
This latest study makes a statistical argument based on observations of Borisov. The authors argue that the detection of Borisov supports the idea that more than half of the Oort cloud is made of extra-solar bodies. It's an idea that could be tested by looking for occultations of Oort cloud bodies with distant stars. The upcoming Vera Rubin observatory would be perfect for this kind of thing.
While the idea is interesting, you shouldn't put too much confidence in their estimate. Even the authors admit that the uncertainties of their calculations are very large. But studies such as this and others continue to support the idea that star systems are not as isolated as we once thought, and thus there are plenty of alien objects among us.
Reference: Siraj, Amir, and Abraham Loeb. "Interstellar Objects Outnumber Solar System Objects in the Oort Cloud." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 507.1 (2021): L16–L18.
The post Interstellar Objects Might Outnumber Solar System Objects in the Oort Cloud appeared first on Universe Today.
https://www.mansbrand.com/saturns-fuzzy-core-seen-in-ring-ripples/
NASA Will be Sending two More Missions to Mars in 2024, Costing Just $80 Million
Saturn's 'Fuzzy Core' Seen In Ring Ripples


text:
In the 1870s, Ferndale resident Harry Nieber, using the nom de plume "White Alder," started writing what he hoped were persuasive letters to the Humboldt Times, advocating for a canal to move goods and people more quickly and efficiently between the Eel River Valley and more populated communities to the north. Others advocated for a rail line but Nieber pointed out that railroad from Singley's Ferry (near Fernbridge) to Eureka would cost upwards of $150,000 (or about $3.3 million in today's dollars), while he believed a canal cut between the Eel River and Humboldt Bay would cost about a third of that. Freight costs, he predicted, would be cheaper, too.
When some argued against the idea, Nieber dismissed their skepticism as "silly nonsense." At the time, steamers traveling from the coast into and out of the Eel were slow and subject to the weather and tides. A canal, Nieber argued, could move timber and people efficiently and be used all year.
By 1880, Eel River Valley farmers joined the call for a cheaper, faster and easier means of transportation. Moving timber was expensive and transferring produce from wagon to steamer to wagon and more took time, which meant damage, a shorter shelf life and lost profits. While some supported rail, others pushed for a community owned steamboat to make regular trips to San Francisco.
White Alder stubbornly pushed for a canal, convinced it would allow Eureka businesses to "join hands with the farmers of Eel River and … speedily build up a new standard of prosperity." Nieber's persistence finally paid off when he convinced a powerful ally. Of all the transportation projects that had been proposed, the Humboldt Times finally conceded in January of 1880 that building a canal around Table Bluff was the most feasible. In February, the Ferndale Enterprise publicly agreed.
Citizens organized and in December of 1881, the Humboldt Times reported that a petition advocating for the canal had been sent to Congress "but Congress had other fish to fry." The community defaulted to rail and by November of 1883, grading for the new line between Field's Landing and Springville (Fortuna) was all but complete and workers were making the "hole through the bluff" (now known as the Loleta tunnel).
It wasn't until the steamer Weott was "bar bound" in the Eel River in October of 1895 that support for the canal reemerged, no doubt pleasing Neiber. The Humboldt Times reminded readers that a canal would allow loaded vessels from the Eel and Salt rivers to reach Eureka — and the sea with markets north and south all year long. The savings in transportation costs could pay for the canal within a few years, the editorial said. The idea gained no traction, though, until 1904, when a letter from a Port Kenyon resident appeared in an issue of American Lumberman.
"You may not be aware that by building a small canal, less than 2 miles in length, connecting a slough from Eel and Salt river with Humboldt Bay at Fields Landing it is possible to increase commerce … at a comparatively little outlay, and at a saving in freight and fare for the inhabitants of a large part of this county…" the letter said. A canal would also shorten the trip from Arcata to Ferndale by 20 miles, the writer added, and could be cut with a suction dredge.
This time the idea took hold and in 1905, another Ferndale resident took up the cry. Otto Neuhaus argued that salmon and other Eel River Valley goods went to waste lacking easy transport to larger markets. He also pointed out that quicker, cheaper freight costs would drive down the price of goods in Ferndale – which were generally higher than those same supplies bought in Eureka and Arcata.
By 1906, these arguments convinced the Ferndale Chamber of Commerce and Humboldt Chamber of Commerce to form a joint committee to explore the idea but they decided driftsand, construction costs and other barriers made the project infeasible. When Nieber died Sept. 13, 1906, at age 73, he must have thought his dream was dead, too.
But the Ferndale Chamber had not given up. In January of 1909, when Congressmemember W.F. Englebright visited the county, chamber representatives pushed the idea and in March, Englebright's congressional office shared the "great and glorious news" that the recently passed river and harbor bill included a provision to survey proposed dredging of the Eureka-Arcata channel, the South Bay channel and the Eel River canal." Quoting Nieber's dismissed prediction of 40 years prior, the Humboldt Times noted that a canal would allow ranchers of the Eel River valley to ship produce direct to Eureka more quickly and with less expense. This time the idea was endorsed by "prominent local people," the county's many chambers of commerce and more.
But alas …
In April of 1909, Col. Biddle, chief of the government engineering corps for the district, and Capt. H. L. DeMerritt, Biddle's "right-hand man," arrived from San Francisco and Eureka Mayor H. L. Ricks and President B. F. Stern of the Chamber of Commerce brought them to Table Bluff to look over the proposed route of an Eel River canal. The officials were convinced the project had merit and initiated surveys that summer.
Unfortunately, the region's hopes for an Eel River/Humboldt Bay canal ended permanently in October of 1909, when the Humboldt Chamber of Commerce received a letter from Col. Biddle declaring the canal infeasible "not on account of its impracticability" but because of its cost. Without significant infrastructure, currents in the Eel River during "freshets" (seasonal floods) would wash too much debris into the bay and make the river too swift for navigation. Valley farmers and ranchers were left with the county rail system and hard-to-navigate dirt roads until 1914, when the Northwestern Pacific Railroad finally bridged the transportation gap, and linked Humboldt County with the rest of the state.
By Lynette Mullen
Originally printed in The Enterprise July 14, 2022
Leave a Comment » | Ferndale Enterprise Stories, Interests, old photos, Old Things, Random Historical Info | Tagged: eel river history, history of canals in humboldt county, humboldt county historic photos, humboldt county history, old photos, Old Steamers | Permalink
Posted by Lynette


Under the land deal, which City Council approved in February, the city sold the Trolley Barn property to the college for $10. The college then sold the northern portion of the building to a developer known as Parallel Capital for $1.75 million. The deal also included Parallel obtaining the Old City Jail downtown, along with a building on St. Philip Street adjacent to the Memminger Elementary School that's currently controlled by the school district.
Jay Waddell, the college's vice president for administration, said the college will use $1.5 million of that money to renovate the school's portion of the building. School leaders also got City Council approval to use $246,000 to pay off a debt, Waddell said. The school had run into financial difficulties five or six years ago, he said, and the Internal Revenue Service had placed a lien on the school. The lien had to be cleared up before the jail property could be sold.
The school will use the remaining $4,000 for moving and other expenses. The college currently is in the process of seeking accreditation from the National Association of Schools of Art and Design, Waddell said. After it is accredited, students will be eligible for federal student loans. But the school now has its own loan fund for students, he said.
City Councilman James Lewis was the only council member to vote against the deal. The Trolley Barn was given to the city as part of a mitigation plan for the area where the old Cooper River bridges used to touch down, he said. Many low-income people live in the area, Lewis said, and the city should have used the Trolley Barn property for things that benefit area residents. "Instead of benefitting low-income people, it benefits the developer." Lewis also said the college has a history of poor money management, which made the arrangement even more distasteful. Parallel Capital leaders have said they envision using their portion of the Trolley Barn for offices, dormitory housing and business space.
Advocates, including Mayor Joe Riley, say the plan ensures the immediate sustainability of the college.Waddell said the college will have 39,000 square feet of space in the Trolley Barn. Now, it has only 9,000 square feet in the jail and 9,000 square feet at its James Island site.
"We need the space," he said. "Every contractor or business person in the area says there is a need for our students."


Frozen tempered dark chocolate with assorted nuts and orange zest on top.
This is by far the most delicious (French?) cake I have tasted. I am not a big fan of sweets or cakes but this was so heavenly that I finished 3 quarters of it. :-) Lady finger sponge cake was used as the base. It was coated with cocoa syrup before the three layers of Chocolate Bavarian cream in 3 different flavors namely dark, milk and white were placed on top. Never place the next layer of cream when the first is still soft as it will collapse. Freeze every time you place each cream. This will help set the Bavarian cream fast. We used cocoa glaze to coat the whole cake.
Once in your mouth, the Bavarian cream melts leaving your mouth screaming for more. I'm giving it 7 stars. Ha!
The Bavarian cream wasn't supposed to be seen when glazed but because of the mistake we made, our "watery" glaze dripped leaving some parts exposed.
This puff pastry was baked then cut into 3 strips of equal sizes. Each strip had a thin layer of raspberry seed jam. Between the strips, we spread diplomat cream. For the marble effect on top, we used white fondant as the base then we piped chocolate fondant crosswise. With the dull side of a paring knife, we cut the fondant at regular intervals (2 cm apart), one stroke inward the other outward. The sides were covered with feuilletine.
I finished 3 minutes late at the practical today. At least I wasn't the slowest.


This category is for the dissemination of information regarding reverse mortgages.
The American Association of Retired Persons explains all about reverse mortgages.
Maintained by the National Reverse Mortgage Lenders Association, provides information on the reverse mortgage process. Also includes a consumer guide, borrower profiles, lender locator, and reverse mortgage calculator.
Article by Stephen Lamoreaux covering reverse mortgages and its relationship to estate planning. Also offers comparive chart displaying differences between a reverse mortgage and a home equity credit line.
Article from Investopedia.com discussing how reverse mortgages can supplement retirement income.


We spend hours watching shows and movies on our TVs, but why settle for an ugly black screen when your TV is Off? Instead of turning off your TV, leave it on and use it to display classic artwork and more.
Artcast is a streaming service available on Roku Boxes/Streaming Sticks, Apple TV, and Google Play Smart TV platforms. Also, there is select Artcast content available to Netflix subscribers (details outlined later in this article).
There are two versions: Lite (free) and Premium (requires a paid subscription — details at the end of this article).
Artcast Lite features about 160 Galleries, while the paid-version features 400 galleries, and a total of 20,000 paintings, photos, and videos. New Galleries are added weekly.
One great feature of Artcast (both Lite and Paid versions) is that all the galleries are auto-looped, so, once started, you don't have to come back later and restart playback. However, if you decide to select another gallery to display, on the free version, you have to wait for another set of commercials to play.
Each photo or painting displays for 60 seconds. The Apple TV version allows you to add background music.
It is important to point out the reason that Artcast Lite is free is because when you select a gallery to play, before it plays, you have wait for a series of "TV commercials" to play — which can number anywhere from 4 to 6.
The number of galleries included in each category varies.
Using a Roku Streaming Stick to check out Artcast Lite, the paintings and still photographs looked excellent on a Samsung UN40KU6300 4K UHD TV. The example shown in the above photo is Vincent Van Gogh's "Fishing In Spring".
The image is supplied in 1080p resolution (if your internet speed supports it), but the Samsung TV performed 4K video upscaling. In other words, the images you see on the TV in this article are 1080p source images upscaled to 4K.
However, one of the important things to point out is that on Artcast Lite, when playing back video galleries — the video is susceptible to macroblocking/pixelation issues. On the other hand, the photos and paintings look great!
Each gallery is about 40-to-50 minutes long. For still image galleries, each painting or photo displays on the screen for about 60 seconds before moving on to the next image. Also, using the Roku's remote control, you can fast forward or reverse to any point of on each gallery.
In addition, if you walk away and just let your chosen Painting or Photo gallery run, it will auto-loop (video galleries do not auto-loop in Artcast Lite).
According to Artcast, much of their image library is in 4K. However, only up to 1080p resolution via streaming is provided as of 2016, but 4K is in the works.
Also, except for some of the video galleries, there is no background music soundtrack provided. However, Apple TV boxes allow users to combine music from their iTunes library with the display of painting and photographs. Music options for other platforms are forthcoming.
Shown in this page is an example of a photo displayed via Artcast.
Artcast includes travel, wildlife, and even vintage B&W photos in its gallery library as well.
The particular photo shown above is one in their collection of Thailand travel photos.
Artcast provides a convenient way to display art (currently up to 1080p) in your home without the expense of purchasing it.
The art and photo displays can provide a great backdrop to special occasions — there are even galleries devoted to setting the mood for specific holidays.
You can also use Artcast as a prelude to a "movie night" as your family or guests get settled into their chairs.
Your TV can look good even when not being used for watching TV or movie content.
All Artwork, Photos, and Videos are formatted to the 16x9 Aspect Ratio. Although this means that all the images fill the entire TV screen, the reason this is an issue is that not all artwork (especially classic portrait art) was created in that aspect ratio. An example of this is the image of Da Vinci's Mona Lisa, which is shown here. As you will notice, there are areas above and below Mona Lisa's face and shoulders that have been cut off (including the hands folded on her lap) in order to fit the painting in the TVs 16x9 aspect ratio screen.
Artcast Lite is free, but you have to put up with a series of commercials before each gallery starts, and if you manually restart the gallery, the commercials with play again. Also, if you move from gallery to gallery, new commercials will play for each gallery will start.
On Artcast Lite, the quality of the video galleries is inconsistent with video artifact issues (mentioned previously). However, on the Premium version, the video galleries look fine.
Artcast adds to your entertainment experience, but there is more to consider.
Artcast provides an interesting option to integrate artwork (both paintings and photos) into a home theater setting.
Although Artcast is promoted for TVs, if you connect a Roku Box or Streaming Stick to a video projector, you can have an even bigger screen art gallery viewing experience. However, although TVs can be left running 24 hours a day, don't run down your video projector lamp life trying to do the same thing. Reserve Artcast video projector use for special occasions.
Artcast Lite is a great way to sample the service, but stick to the painting and photo galleries, and take a pass on the video galleries.
The Premium version of Artcast delivers the best experience. You can cancel at a later time if it does not suit your needs.
Roku: Offers both the Lite and Premium version. The premium version is $2.99 per month.
Apple TV: Offers both the Lite and Premium (Gallery Pass) versions. The Gallery Pass is $4.99 per month.
Google Play: Offers only Premium version for $2.99 per month.
Netflix: Stream Select Artcast Still Image and Video Galleries on Netflix are available to view in 4K, including Jellies (Jellyfish), Ocean Wonders, and International Street Art.
To access the Artcast galleries in Netflix, sign into your account (or create one; monthly subscription required) and type in the above titles in the search. If you have a 4K Ultra HD Smart TV, you can also go into the Netflix search box and type "4K" and see them listed there as well. If you don't have an Ultra HD TV, the still images and video will default to 1080p or lower, depending on your available broadband speed.
Although 4K provides the best visual experience, the galleries still look great in 1080p.
All Artcast-provided galleries come with a background music soundtrack.


text:
Q: Efeito visual ao clicar o botão some quando atribuo um background Estou tentando fazer um botão simples em uma aplicação Android. Ao inserir o botão os efeitos funcionaram normalmente, mas após realizar a mudança da cor de fundo, o efeito ao clicar no botão sumiu, ficando estático.
Gostaria de saber qual propriedade utilizo para resolver isso.
Meu botão está implementado da seguinte forma:
<Button
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="TEST"
    android:background="#2780E3"
    android:textColor="@android:color/white"
/>

A: Nesse caso você precisa criar um selector para o seu botão, um novo estilo, por exemplo.
só na sua pasta drawable clicar com direito, ir em novo seleciona xml o nome você escolhe nesse caso selector_button.xml
/res/drawable/selector_button.xml

.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <item android:drawable="@android:color/holo_blue_bright" android:state_selected="true"></item>
    <item android:drawable="@android:color/holo_blue_dark" android:state_pressed="true"></item>
    <item android:drawable="@android:color/holo_blue_light"></item>

</selector>

Lembre-se de colocar cores diferente para dar o efeito.
E no seu botão você informa esse selector no backgroud
<Button
            android:id="@+id/btn1"
            android:background="@drawable/selector_button"
/>

Os códigos de cores você obtém aqui
http://html-color-codes.info/Codigos-de-Cores-HTML/
http://www.ufpa.br/dicas/htm/htm-cor2.htm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange