I was able to take my two and half year old son to the zoo one morning last week. We packed a lunch and headed out first thing in the morning. It's hard to describe the excitement on my little boy's face as he entered the petting zoo and had the opportunity to brush some sunbathing goats. This was something we could have never done before. My parents give us a season pass to the Columbus Zoo each year, but with my previous work schedule we rarely had a chance to visit.
My two and a half year old is now signed up for his first ever class. He and I will go one morning each week to a fun place called "Buckeye Bounce" where he'll jump on trampolines and dive into a foam pit with other kids his age.
I've been working on fun projects with people I love to work with. My work hours have been sporadic. I've been working from late morning into the afternoon and then again in the evening. As I get a better feel for how I want my days to look, my schedule will change accordingly.
The most important change I've enjoyed is not being glued to my laptop for ten or more hours each day. I'm much freer to respond to emails in a timely — but not immediate — manner. I've even been turning my email off as I work to avoid the distraction of new messages coming through. This has been the most freeing part of freelance life so far.
But enough about me, let's talk about you. What makes you feel the most restricted or trapped in your life? What could you do this week to take a step in a direction that offers more of what you seek?
Is it debt that keeps you stuck? How could you work towards eliminating one debt? Do you need to start with a simple budget?
Is it fear that holds you back? What specifically are you afraid of? What is the best and worst case outcome of moving in a new direction? What do you need to do to reduce the fear you're feeling?
Is it the opinion of your spouse/parents/friends/neighbors/coworkers that keeps you complacent? What if you stop listening to them and started listening to your own heart? While our friends and loved ones usually have our best interests in mind, they may be seeing things from a place of fear and compliance. Only youknow what is best for you.
Maybe leaving a full-time job isn't what you're looking for. Perhaps you're looking to stop serving on so many committees, find a job that allows you to work less hours, do work you love or travel more. Or maybe you're just trying to avoid running out of money before your next paycheck.
The truth is, there are countless reasons to design a lifestyle that parallels what you value and want from this life. What would you do with your newfound freedom if you could create more space to do what you want?


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Tennessee's People
Trail of Tears
Tennessee's Presidents
After 1820, the only Indians left in Tennessee were the Cherokees, located in the southeastern corner of the state. Along with Cherokees in Alabama, North Carolina, and Georgia, these people made up what they called the Nation.
Many of the Cherokees tried to assimilate or adapt to the white man's culture that surrounded them. They dressed in clothing like their white neighbors and joined Christian churches. They established farms and businesses. Some Cherokee, however, still dressed in the same style and followed the customs of their ancestors.
A few Cherokees became wealthy slave owners. In 1835, Cherokees in Tennessee, according to one report, owned 412 farms with nearly 10,700 acres under cultivation, producing about 130,000 bushels of corn and 1,000 bushels of wheat.
In 1824, Elias Boudinet told an audience that Cherokees owned ten sawmills, 31 gristmills, 61 blacksmiths, 18 schools, and 18 ferries. Boudinet had been named a representative by the Nation, and was lecturing in the East trying to raise funds for Cherokee schools.
The Cherokees re-organized their tribal government in 1817 with the principal chief as the leader of the Cherokee Nation. They divided the Nation into eight judicial districts, each of which had a judge, marshal, and local council to apply Cherokee law.
The Nation's leaders, like John Ridge and John Ross, encouraged Cherokees to educate their children. Some schools were built by northern missionaries. In 1817, Brainerd mission school was opened in the Chattanooga area. The teachers were missionaries from the Boston area.
At this school and one near Charleston, Indian girls were taught to cook, spin, weave, sew, mold candles, and sip tea using white customs. More important to the missionaries, the students were taught to read the Bible. In this way, it was hoped that the girls in the future would raise their children as Christians.
Illiteracy, or the inability to read, almost disappeared among Cherokees after Sequoyah invented the Cherokee language syllabary, or alphabet, in 1821. His invention of the syllabary was the first written language of any North American Indian tribe. Young and old alike soon learned to write and read the words they had been saying for years.
Sequoyah was born in Monroe County, Tennessee. After serving with U.S. forces in the War of 1812 and the Creek War of 1813-14, Sequoyah was amazed that whites could communicate with marks made on paper. He decided to invent an alphabet for the Cherokee language.
It took him about ten years to come up with 86 syllables to use as the alphabet. Since the letters are based on sounds, once a person memorizes the letters, they could read or write in the Cherokee language.
Once the new written language was accepted by Cherokee leaders, the Cherokee Nation began publishing books, religious documents, and government documents in their new written language. The first newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, was published in 1828 in Tennessee with articles written in both Cherokee and English.
Read more about the syllabary at the Sequoyah Museum.
Portrait of Rev. John Berry McFerrin. This print was engraved by Thomas B. Welch in 1850. Rev. McFerrin became a Methodist missionary to the Cherokee in 1827. Tennessee State Museum Collection, 84.81
Photo of Chief John Ross. This photo was taken in 1848 and shows Ross dressed in a European-style suit. Tennessee State Library and Archives
Photograph of Chief John Ross' house. This photo was taken in 1972 in Rossville, Georgia near Chattanooga, Tennessee. Ross' house was built in 1797 by his Grandfather John McDonald. Tennessee State Library and Archives
Drawings of Jol-Lee and Tuch-ee. This print was drawn in 1850 by George Catlin. Jol-lee was a chief and had a Cherokee and a European parent. Tuch-ee, called "Dutch," was also a Cherokee chief. Tuch-ee led a band of Cherokees west of the Mississippi River in order to escape the settlers who wanted their land. New York Public Library
Portrait of Sequoyah. Originally painted by Charles Bird King, this print was published in the 1838 work, History of the Indian Tribes of North America, by Thomas McKenney and James Hall. Tennessee State Museum, 2008.62.1
Photograph of Elias Boudinot. Courtesy of the Oklahoma Historical Society Photo Archives
Age of Jackson >> Tennessee's People >> Indians >> Assimilation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Amber Valley do not charge disabled blue badge holders to park, however when parking they must adhere to the regulations relating to the car parks i.e: short stay - (check signage for more details) - must be parked in a marked bay not necessarily a disabled bay.
Derbyshire County Council administers the blue badge scheme (formerly orange badge scheme) on behalf of and in line with the Department for Transports' regulations. Application forms for a blue badge can be obtained by contacting Derbyshire County Council.


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Fabolous Denies Cheating On Emily B After Being Seen With Another Woman, Says 'We're Working On Our Relationship'
July 26, 2019	by Char Patterson	in Celebrity Couples	with 0 Comments
Fabolous, Emily B
Fabolous is out here fighting for his family. The rapper made it clear he didn't cheat on his longtime girlfriend Emily B. He also insists they're still together. He set the record straight after photos of him and another woman having lunch surfaced, followed by rumors that he and Emily B were no longer together.
He said the mystery woman he was with is a female teacher, and threatened to sue blogs reporting the news for defamation of character.
He also went on IG Live to plead his case.
"The narrative is that I love Emily. That's t he mother of my kids. I'm not gonna let y'all f*** that up. For some fake s***? For what, a story just to click on? For everybody to talk about? Then whatever come behind it…then it looks like it's on me. Whatever hapens, it's 'Oh yeah Fab…' Nah. Especially when I'm trying to f***ing be with this woman. How the f***? Nah, this s*** ill. I had to sit and marinate on this s***. Somebody did this, for some reason. So y'all stay woke. We ain't even in the mix. Where did she come from? I ain't in the mix. I ain't been on no blogs."
"I'm in the middle of fighting for Emily right now, fighting for the love of my life…" #Fabolous continues to shoot down reports about him and #EmilyB. See Previous Post
A post shared by the Jasmine BRAND (@thejasminebrand_) on Jul 25, 2019 at 11:49pm PDT
The two have definitely been staying quiet. It looks like they're trying to work things out privately after he was accused of domestic abuse after footage between the two of them and Emily's father leaked last year.
Footage of #Fabolous arguing w #EmilyB and her father at their home. The video was shot on Weds. More details on #theJasmineBRAND.com
A post shared by the Jasmine BRAND (@thejasminebrand_) on Mar 31, 2018 at 9:32am PDT
They have two children together and have been dating off and on for more than 10 years.
What do you think about Fabolous addressing the rumors? Tell us in the comments!
Tags: celebrity couples, Emily B, fabolous, recommend
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Fabolous Approves Of Daughter Taina Williams' Rapper Boyfriend G-Herbo & Gives Them Relationship Advice
Lamar Odom's Fiancée Accuses 'Sick & Miserable' Ex-Manager of Hacking His Social Media


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BLACK DUCK SIDING, NL: BWA SINCE 6/21/2000 -- �WE�RE APPLYING FOR A $25,000 GRANT.�
Fifteen km east of Stephenville, Newfoundland, the small farming and forestry community of Black Duck Siding has been on a Boil Water Advisory since 2000. There are 2 community wells. One was shut down by the operator in 2000 due to taste while the second has no disinfection system, affecting a population of 36. (Department of Municipal Affairs, Newfoundland Labrador Public Water Supplies)
WaterToday spoke with Lisa Delaney, owner of Dhoon Lodge, a country style log retreat and restaurant on 20 acres of scenic grounds with guided fishing and access to snowmobile trails and an RV park. The Lodge has its own artesian well, as do many of the neighbors. �I�m not aware of any advisory,� Delaney told WT. �I took over the Lodge in 2011 and I speak to a lot of people. The town is very small. If you blink you will miss it.� Delaney who moved back home to Newfoundland after a stint in Alberta said �It is so beautiful here and our water is great. Someone comes out from the government office to check it once a month.�
Delaney led WT to Sandra White of the Local Service District of Black Duck Siding. �I came here 5 years ago so I don�t know how long the bwa has been in place. We have 2 pump houses but only one is running. I don�t know why the second one is shut down. But for the one that is running, there is no disinfection system. We need to upgrade it.
A new person came out about 2 weeks ago from the Western Regional Wastewater Management and he�s going to help me apply for a grant. We need $25,000 to make it happen. I already have someone who will do the work.� White did not know how long the job would take �or if it can even be done in winter but we want to get this done as soon as possible.�
suzanne.f@watertoday.ca


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Gadirtha cerussata är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Felder 1874. Gadirtha cerussata ingår i släktet Gadirtha och familjen trågspinnare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Trågspinnare
cerussata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home | Film Reviews | Film Review: Je t'aime, Je t'aime (1968)
Film Review: Je t'aime, Je t'aime (1968)
Nigel Honeybone 08/07/2014	Film Reviews
"Recovering from an attempted suicide, a man is selected to participate in a time travel experiment that has only been tested on mice. A malfunction in the experiment causes the man to experience moments from his past in a random order." (courtesy IMDB)
For most of the sixties, genre cinema had been going through a very quiet period and, incidentally, not making any money for the major studios either. Of the few real hits in fantastic films between 1960 and 1967, most were on the fringe at best. The major commercial successes were Doctor No (1962), The Birds (1963), Doctor Strangelove (1964), Mary Poppins (1964) and You Only Live Twice (1967). Apart from Mary Poppins' ability to levitate, there wasn't much in the way of hardcore supernatural or science fiction effects in any of these. But everything was to change in 1968, the year of the big breakthrough. Curiously enough, the first signs of a renewed interest in genre cinema came from France rather than from Hollywood.
Fantasy had always been popular with French intellectuals, and it was one of the most intellectual of New Wave film directors who surprised the world by showing that science fiction scenarios could be taken seriously by so-called 'artistic' filmmakers. French filmmaker Alain Resnais passed away in March earlier this year, after an extensive career of more than six decades. After training as an editor during the forties, he went on to direct a number of short films like Night And Fog (1955), a groundbreaking documentary concerning Nazi concentration camps. By the late fifties Resnais was making feature films and established his reputation with Hiroshima Mon Amour (1959), Last Year At Marienbad (1961) and Muriel (1963), all of which adopted unconventional narrative techniques to deal with themes of troubled memory and the imagined past.
Je t'aime, Je t'aime (1968) puzzled the intellectuals, for here Resnais and his screenwriter Jacques Sterberg had moved from the subjective use of time travel via memories (as in Last Year At Marienbad) to the actual use of a bona-fide science fiction time machine. Looking like a cross between a womb and a pumpkin, it is a very organic time machine indeed. A young man named Claude Ridder (Claude Rich), who recently failed an attempt at suicide, is discharged from hospital, only to be abducted by a group of scientists who want him to take part in a medical experiment, and go back into his own past.
Unfortunately the machine malfunctions and he begins to oscillate back and forth in time. But does the soft womb-like time machine bring about a rebirth or a miscarriage? The first part of the trip is to the warm amniotic fluid of the sea and to a love affair. Thereafter it becomes rather difficult to distinguish between 'actual' events and desired or hallucinated events, not unlike the extraordinary novels of Philip K. Dick. The remainder of the film consists of fragments of his previous life – presented by Resnais in the deliberately disorientating Last Year At Marienbad style – that slowly build up to produce a picture of humdrum monotony as well as a suspicion that he may have murdered his dreary girlfriend (Olga Georges-Picot). This a very moving but rather unhappy film, although it has some good jokes too, like when the time-traveling hero enters a telephone booth to dial TIME, suggesting that the paradoxes of time are difficult to cope with, and that the past may not be easily changed.
Yet some changes may be possible – the film ends with another attempt at suicide by the protagonist, the implication being that this time he succeeds. Keep an eye out (ow!) for the white laboratory mouse during the last minutes of the film, one of the saddest and most resonant closing scenes in genre cinema. Je t'aime, Je t'aime or I Love You, I Love You (the repetition of the phrase has a subtle meaning in the film) is a breakthrough movie because of its intrinsic quality, not because it was a smash hit. Indeed, it was not released in the United Kingdom until 1971: the film was listed to compete at the 1968 Cannes Film Festival, but the festival was cancelled that year due to countrywide strikes. When it was eventually released, it was dismissed by influential movie critic Penelope Gilliatt largely on account of the alleged unattractiveness of Claude Rich's legs!
Time and memory have always been the two principal themes of Alain Resnais's work, certainly his earlier films, which he described as attempts, however imperfect, to approach the complexity of thought and its mechanism: "I prefer to speak of the imaginary, or of consciousness. What interests me in the mind is that faculty we have to imagine what is going to happen in our heads, or to remember what has happened." It's with this thought in mind I'll ask you to please join me next week when I have the opportunity to present you with more unthinkable realities and unbelievable factoids of the darkest days of cinema, exposing the most daring shriek-and-shudder shock sensations ever to be found in the steaming cesspit known as…Horror News! Toodles!
Je t'aime, Je t'aime (1968)
Tags Alain Resnais Claude Rich Jacques Sterberg Je t'aime Je t'aime Olga Georges-Picot time travel
The Man With the Magic Box: Out on DVD & VOD April 4th
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Film Review: The Navigator: A Medieval Odyssey (1988)
Film Review: Primer (2004)
Film Review: The Timeslip (short film) (2011)


TUCSON, Ariz. - University of Arizona men's basketball coach Lute Olsonannounced Tuesday that Chukwuma Charles Okwandu has signed a NationalLetter-of-Intent to attend the school and play basketball. Okwandu willreport to the school in the fall of 2004.
Okwandu, a 7-foot-2, 210-pound center from Lagos, Nigeria, earned all-starhonors at the Top 100 Africa Camp, which is run by the National BasketballAssociation. He attended Kings High School in Lagos. Okwandu will redshirtduring the 2004-05 season.
Arizona's recruiting class of 2004 also includes Daniel Dillon, JawannMcClellan, Mohamed Tangara and Jesus Verdejo. The Wildcats finished 2003-04with a 20-10 record (11-7 Pac-10) and advanced to the NCAA Tournament forthe 20th consecutive season. Currently, the Wildcats are scheduled toreturn nine of 12 letterwinners in 2004-05.


incumbents survive – or thrive – while many past winners falter.
than desktop PCs within 5 years.
!!! Thanks To / Gary Price / ResourceShelf / For The HeadsUp !!!
"The Truth ?, You Can't Handle The Truth !" > "It's All A Battle Of Ideas ... ."


On Friday, 15th September, participants from the business world were inspired by Mary Alice Arthur's "Collective Story Harvest" workshop. The afternoon was rich with storytelling and story listening, with each story listener- listening with a particular focus and one listener witnessing both the storyteller, the other listeners and the overall telling. Then all these "harvests" were shared back to the teller and the group in what was an enriching and empowering session.
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The Solange V-neck Long Sleeve Yoga Top is ideal for warm up in cooler studios.
Wear the wide V-neckline in front and the Shorter V-Neckline in Back OR the other way! This makes the Solange V-neck Yoga Top both uniquely stylish and practical.
Perfect V-neck cut to combine with your sports bra. 3/4 long sleeves in black. Sporty look and normal length.


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Pink Floyd - Money (Official Music Video)
The official promo video for 'Money' by Pink Floyd, taken from the album 'The Dark Side Of The Moon'
Originally released in 1973, 'The Dark Side of The Moon' became Pink Floyd's first number 1 album in the US, remaining on the chart for 741 weeks between 1973 and 1988. One of the best-selling and most critically acclaimed albums of all time, The Dark Side of The Moon also introduced the iconic album cover artwork by Hipgnosis, after a request for a 'simple and bold' design.
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The official promo video for 'Money' by Pink Floyd, taken from the album 'The Dark Side Of The Moon' Originally released in 1973, 'The Dark Side of Th...


This is the precursor of the Listen.HK series. Ambient sounds are all around us every day. However, people might think that they are noisy and disturbing. So, we always ignore them by plugging in earphones listening to music or some other stuff. And actually, I think that they are interesting and can be a kind of music piece.
I record some soundmarks in Hong Kong which they are very important, memorable and interesting to me. And most importantly, they should be part of my everyday life. I arrange them in the form of diary writing. Audience may visualize my own daily experience through listening to the piece.
This entry was posted in Listen.HK 細聽香港 and tagged diary, Hong Kong, Listen.HK, sound art, sound mark, soundscape, urban memories. Bookmark the permalink.


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Request to view at the Prints & Drawings Study Room, level C , Case T, Shelf 13, Box B
04/05/1720 (designed)
Dandridge, Joseph (designer)
Spitalfields (designed)
Design for woven silk from the 'Liddiard Set', in pencil, pen and ink and watercolour on laid paper, in pale, mid and dark yellow, orange, pink and red, depicting a profusion of stylised floral, foliate and decorative motifs.
The design is squared up in ink for cords and dezines.
See E.4515-1909, which is almost identical but has a different colour scheme.
Pencil, pen and ink and watercolour on laid paper
Design for woven silk from the 'Liddiard Set', pencil, pen and ink and watercolour on laid paper, by Joseph Dandridge, Spitalfields, 1720
Dimensions taken from Rothstein, Natalie. Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century in the Collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London with a Complete Catalogue with 473 Illustrations, 371 in Colour. London: Thames and Hudson, 1990.
'[In James Leman's hand] 400 cords No 8 & 10 [In Joseph Dandridge's hand] 102 duz. May: 4th 1720' (Handwritten text including the date, on the front of the design, at the bottom, which was recorded by Natalie Rothstein in her publication, Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century.)
'[On the back, in James Leman's hand] Mr [name cut away] I desire that you would keep the greene, the red & the pink in lashes by themselves but the orange colour & the yallow may be joy[ned] together in one lash' (Handwritten text on the back of the design, which was recorded by Natalie Rothstein in her publication, Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century.)
'59' (Handwritten text, which was recorded by Natalie Rothstein in her publication, Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century. In reference to this number, Rothstein stated that 'They [the designs in the 'Liddiard Set'] are mostly numbered heavily in pencil in the same way as the drawings in the Vanners Silks Set, which were all drawn by [James] Leman between 1706 and 1716.' The Vanners Set is now known as the Leman Album (after the designer, James Leman), which is also in the V&A Collection - E.1861.1 to 106-1991.)
Squared up in ink for cords and dezines. (Handwritten makers' and designer's marks in ink, on the front of the design.)
This design is one from a group of designs known as the 'Liddiard Set', which was given to the V&A by Mr G.W. Sherriff of Streatham in 1862. According to Luther Hooper, who compiled the first typescript catalogue of Spitalfields textiles designs in the Museum, on the cover of the folio (now missing) which contained this Set, was inscribed 'Pattern book of Liddiard & Co. Circa 1718'. In addition, most of the designs in this Set are inscribed in ink with 'L & Co.', as well as a number. The designs are also numbered heavily in pencil with a different number and have also all been numbered subsequently by the V&A - E.4440 to 4519-1909.
Natalie Rothstein researched and catalogued the designs for her publication Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century. In it she states that 'the drawings in the Liddiard Set range in date from 1717 to 1722. They are mostly numbered heavily in pencil in the same way as the drawings in the Vanners Silks Set, which were all drawn by Leman between 1706 and 1716.' The Vanners Set is now known as the Leman Album (after the designer, James Leman), which is also in the V&A Collection - E.1861.1 to 106-1991.
Natalie Rothstein has identified many of the designs as the work of James Leman, although some designs have been attributed to Christopher Baudouin and Joseph Dandridge, both well-known designers in their day. Such attributions have been decided on the grounds of handwriting, signatures and abbreviations rather than due to stylistic considerations. She argues that 'There is no appreciable difference between the style of the drawings signed by Leman and those of Baudouin and Dandridge, and all attempts to divide the drawings in this Set into groups which could be attributed to the three designers on stylistic grounds have proved inconclusive. This is not so surprising, for the patterns drawn in any one year all conform to the general style dictated by the prevailing fashion, and since the designers in question were all working in the same city at the same time and for the same mercers, they would have all used the same professional conventions. Both the methods of drawing and the colour schemes used would be necessarily very similar. It does seem, however, that Leman frequently obtained from Dandridge the designs for especially rich silks using metal threads and the least naturalistic exotic motifs - such as E.4451-1909 - while Leman himself concentrated on the lighter silks with more delicate designs.'
Attribution note: Natalie Rothstein researched and catalogued the designs for her publication Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century. In it she states that 'some of the other drawings are not by [James] Leman and, indeed, two are almost certainly by Christopher Baudouin, while another is by Leman after a drawing by 'Mr. Dandridge', that is, Joseph Dandridge (c. 1660-1747) and another eighteen can be identified as Dandridge's work. Characteristic of the Dandridge inscriptions is the use of the curious abbreviation of 'Duz' for 'Dezine'. Furthermore, there is an instruction on one drawing in Leman's handwriting which reads 'Mr. Dandridge please find to finish some of this pattern as soon as may [be]'. This is good evidence that although he designed patterns himself Leman also engaged other designers to supply him. The two designers mentioned were both well-known in their day.'
'It is possible to identify Dandridge's handwriting because he compiled two unpublished studies of spiders and caterpillars in about 1707 of which the manuscripts are in the Sloane Collection in the Department of Manuscripts at the British Museum. Dandridge's writing is smaller than Leman's, the letters have large loops, but it is also slightly less literate; the letters are very seldom joined. His spelling is more erratic, especially in the use of double consonants. He uses a thicker quill and blacker ink. Dandridge uses a reversed 'e' and writes 'the' for the definite article while Leman often uses 'ye'. Dandridge writes 'yellow' and Leman 'yallow'. Certain words occur both in the manuscripts and in the inscriptions, notably the names of the various months. On one design the word 'middle' is written, which may be compared with the same word on p. 38 of his study of spiders and on pp. 3 and 41 of the manuscript on caterpillars. Dandridge often writes the name 'Mr. Lemmon' in the lower right-hand corner.'
Subject depicted
Emanuel Mendes da Costa, Commonplace Book of Emanuel Mendes da Costa. British Library: Add.29,867, folio 194.
Rothstein, Natalie. Silk Designs of the Eighteenth Century in the Collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London with a Complete Catalogue with 473 Illustrations, 371 in Colour. London: Thames and Hudson, 1990. 351p., ill. ISBN 0500235899.p. 113
Other number
59 - Liddiard Set
Prints, Drawings & Paintings Collection
E.4441-1909
Record created September 11, 2007
https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O139128/design-dandridge-joseph/


Perhaps one of the least appreciated aspects of heritage in Ireland, although this appears to be now changing. Built heritage was often considered to respresent vulgar habitation that did not represent Archaeology with a capital 'A'.
Appreciation for this aspect of our culture is now growing, possibly due to the destruction and neglect of the vast majority of vernacular building to date.


text:
El-Masry S
El-Sayed I H
Lotfy M
El-Shahat M
Ali S A
Nasif W A
gram-positive cocci
SOD.
» Article in PDF (189 KB)
Bactericidal activity of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus
S El-Masry, IH El-Sayed, Mahmoud Lotfy, M El-Shahat, SA Ali, WA Nasif
Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Minufiya, Egypt
Mahmoud Lotfy
Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Minufiya
Objective: To investigate the bactericidal activity of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine against Streptococcus pyogenes ( S. pyogenes ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ). Materials and Methods: The inhibitory effect of the complex was studied on the molecular level and by turbidity measurement. Treatment of bacteria was carried out using 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µmol of the complex per ml of culture media. Results: The results showed that the growth of S. pyogenes rapidly decreased with increasing concentrations of the complex. In contrast, the complex caused no significant decrease in the growth rate of S. aureus . The molecular level studies showed that four protein bands, with apparent molecular weights of 19, 23, 30 and 54 Kda, respectively, increased in the protein pattern of the S. pyogenes extract after the complex treatment using silver stained polyacrylamide gels, under reducing condition . However, there was no detectable change in the protein pattern of the S. aureus extract after the complex treatment . No DNA damage was detected while using agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining in both types of bacteria. Conclusion: Manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine showed an apparent antibacterial inhibitory effect against S. pyogenes, but S. aureus was apparently resistant.
Keywords: Free radicals, gram-positive cocci, metal complex, SOD.
El-Masry S, El-Sayed I H, Lotfy M, El-Shahat M, Ali S A, Nasif W A. Bactericidal activity of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Indian J Pharmacol 2006;38:177-80
El-Masry S, El-Sayed I H, Lotfy M, El-Shahat M, Ali S A, Nasif W A. Bactericidal activity of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Indian J Pharmacol [serial online] 2006 [cited 2021 Jan 17];38:177-80. Available from: https://www.ijp-online.com/text.asp?2006/38/3/177/25824
Gram-positive cocci are a heterogeneous collection of approximately 21 genera that colonise humans. Among these, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are important pathogens in humans.[1] S. pyogenes has demonstrated the ability to develop drug resistance, particularly in patients with mixed infections that involve S. aureus . The drug resistance in staphylococci is due to penicillinase and acquisition of the mec A gene, which codes for a novel penicillin-binding protein, PBP2 .0[1],[2]
0 Free radicals and, in particular, superoxide radical (O- 2) cause cellular disruption due to peroxidation of membrane lipids. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is believed to be involved in all oxygen-metabolising cells.[3] Four different types of SOD have been found, two of which have been found in eukaryotic cells. A copper and zinc containing form is located in the cytosol; and a manganese containing form is located in the mitochondria.[4] Its wide distribution among aerobic organisms[3] suggests that superoxide is formed inside all cells that grow in air and is toxic. Cells devoid of cytosolic SOD suffer enzyme inactivation, growth deficiencies and DNA damage. It has been suggested that the scant superoxide, generated by aerobic metabolism, harms even cells that contain abundant SOD. The vulnerability of bacteria to increased intracellular superoxide explains the widespread use of superoxide-producing drugs as bactericidal weapons.[5]
Extensive studies were conducted to address the antibacterial activity for many compounds and metal complexes that were found to have redox-cycling or pro-oxidative activity.[6],[7],[8],[9] In a previous study, we found an antitumour activity of some metal complexes having SOD-like activity on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.[10] The present study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of one of these complexes [Manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine, (MnL 2 O) 2 Cl 4 .2H 2 O where L is 2-methylamino-pyridine] on S. aureus and S. pyogenes . The inhibitory effect of this complex was studied on the molecular level and by turbidity measurement.
All chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, Mo, USA), unless mentioned otherwise. Manganese (IV) complex of 2-methyl-aminopyridine was synthesised and supplied by Prof. AM Ramadan, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Kafer El-Shiekh, Tanta University, Egypt. The SOD-like activity of the complex was ascertained by the method of Dechatelet, et al[11] and has been reported earlier.[10]
S. aureus ATCC25932 and S. pyogens ATCC4543 were grown in L-broth containing 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast extract and 5 g/L NaCl at 37oC. [12] The cultures were grown, for at least three generations, to the late logarithmic phase (optical density of 0.8 at 600 nm).[13] The bacteria in the mid-exponential phase of growth were treated with the manganese (IV) complex in 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µmol concentrations. The change in the optical density was measured spectrophotometrically.
Bacterial DNA isolation and agarose gel electrophoresis
DNA was isolated from bacterial cells using the DNA kit, according to the method described by the manufacturer (Invitrogen Co., Carlsbad, CA, USA). Electrophoertic studies were conducted on 0.8% agarose gel (50 V, 40 mA) as described previously.[14]
SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)
SDS-PAGE was carried out in 0.75 mm thick, 12% vertical slab gels (Bio-Rad, USA), according to the method described by Laemmli.[15] An equal protein content of the bacterial extracts (50 µg/lane) was applied to the gel wells, after mixing and boiling for 3 minutes with an equal volume of sample buffer [0.125 M trisma base, 4% (w/v) SDS, 20% (v/v) glycerol, 10% (v/v) mercaptoethanol and 0.1% (w/v) bromophenol blue as a tracking dye]. A pre-stained molecular weight standard mixture (a-macroglobulin Mr 191.0 Kda, β-galactosidase Mr 117 Kda, frcuctose-6-phosphate kinase Mr 91.8 Kda, pyruvate kinase Mr 72.7 Kda, fumarase Mr 57.8, lactic dehydrogenase Mr 40.8 Kda and triosephosphate isomerase Mr 34.1Kda) was prepared in parallel. Electrophoresis was carried out with a constant of 200 V. The run was terminated when the bromophenol blue marker reached the bottom of the gel. The gel was silver stained, according to the method described by Morrissey, et al .[16]
Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test for a comparison of non-parametric variables. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The results showed that there was a decrease in growth of S. pyogenes [Figure - 1], but not S. aureus [Figure - 2] after 1 and 3 h of the complex treatment.
The protein patterns of the S. aureus and S. pyogenes extracts were separated on silver stained polyacrylamide gels (12%), under reducing condition. The results showed no change in the protein profile of the S. aureus extract after the complex treatment. But in the S. pyogenes extract, there was a change in the protein profile at low molecular weights after the complex treatment. The intensity of four protein bands with apparent molecular weights of 19, 23, 30 and 54 Kda, respectively, increased as revealed by the silver stained SDS-PAGE gels after the complex treatment. [Figure - 3]
No apparent DNA damage was produced upon treatment of S. pyogenes and S. aureus with different complex concentrations as revealed by agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. [Figure - 4]
Oxygen is known to form highly reactive free radicals (reactive oxygen species: ROS) such as superoxide ions, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Free radicals, by the possession of unpaired electrons, make them very reactive as they urgently seek to gain or lose electrons in order to reach a more stable configuration.[17]
Most facultative and aerobic organisms contain a high concentration of superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD). This enzyme converts the superoxide anion into ground state oxygen and hydrogen peroxide or both, to eliminate H 2 O 2 and convert it into water and ground state oxygen.[18] We reported a pronounced antitumour effect of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine, with SOD-like activity due to the production of H 2 O 2 , earlier.[10] In this context, the antibacterial activity of this complex on S. aureus and S. pyogenes was examined and the possible mechanism of action was explained.
The obtained data showed that a pronounced antibacterial activity of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine with different concentrations was found against S. pyogenes. Further, the antibacterial activity of the complex was not observed at any degree in the case of S. aureus. Moreover, in the S. pyogenes extract there was a change in the protein profile at low molecular weights after the complex treatment. The intensity of four protein bands with apparent molecular weights of 19, 23, 30 and 54 Kda, respectively, increased as revealed by the silver stained SDS-PAGE gels after the complex treatment. These bands may be related to the enzyme system of the bacteria that deal with free radicals utilisation.
Aronovitch, et al [13] reported that the bacterial activity of epinephrine-Cu (II) complex caused little killing of E. coli , but rapid killing was induced by the addition of 0.5 mM H 2 O 2. The H 2 O 2 forms a recycling redox system to damage the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli , which is apparently the main reason for its bacterial activity. They suggested that with the addition of H 2 O 2 , the epinephrine-Cu (II) complex binds to the cell surface to induce oxidative membrane damage. Hoshino, et al [7] proposed that catechin-Cu (II) on the cell surface reacts locally with molecular oxygen to produce H 2 O 2 . The H 2 O 2 generated on the surface can enter into the cell easily and cause damage to the cytoplasmic membrane. The apparently low concentrations of H 2 O 2 observed in the bulk suspension, will not reflect the local concentration of H 2 O 2 generated on the cell surface. Therefore, they proposed that Cu (I) and its redox reactions, involving catechins and H 2 O 2 on the cell surface, must be involved in the killing of bacteria.
It was found that the DNA double strand did not break in the process of killing, indicating that the antibacterial activity of manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine is derived from the damage of the cytoplasmic membrane. Hoshino, et al [7] treated the E. coli with catechin-copper (II) complexes and obtained the same result.
Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli have negatively charged lipopolysaccharide on their cell surface. [12] Sonohara, et al [19] reported that gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus have a positively charged surface and Tichy[20] reported that lipopolysaccharides had an ability to bind Cu (II). The binding of copper ions to S. aureus cells was found to decrease with an increase in the concentration of epigallocatechin (EGC). Indeed, the percentage of copper ions bound to S. aureus cells was only 2.4% in the presence of 100 µmol/L EGC. Therefore, it is possible that copper ions, complex with EGC and attracted by the negative charge of lipopolysaccharides of E. coli , bind to it tightly and generate H 2 O 2 locally on the surface of E. coli cells. On the other hand, copper ions, complexed with EGC in the bulk buffer, cannot bind to the S. aureus cells. H 2 O 2 was not generated on the surface of S. aureus cells but in the bulk buffer the EGC-Cu (II) complex does not generate active hydrogen species from H 2 O 2 . This may be the reason why the bactericidal activity of the catechin-Cu (II) complex is low against S. aureus . From studies on S. aureus and E. coli , it was concluded that the binding of copper ions to the cell surface plays an important role in the bactericidal activity of catechin Cu (II) complexes.[6]
The explanation of Hoshino, et al [6] is not applicable in our situation. Our study is concerned with two bacterial species which are both gram-positive cocci carrying the same charge. Although the antibacterial activity of the complex is apparent in S. pyogenes, it is not so in S. aureus . S. pyogens lacks the enzyme catalase, which utilises H 2 O 2 . However, S. aureus has this enzyme, which has the ability to convert H 2 O 2 and protect the bacterial cells from the SOD-like activity of such a complex. The induction of endogenous catalase in the cells increased their ability to resist being killed by a combination of catechins and Cu (II). [7]
In conclusion, our results suggest that the metal complex (manganese (IV) complex of 2-methylamino-pyridine) with SOD-like activity exerts its antibacterial activity by increasing H 2 O 2 production and possibly damaging the cytoplasmic membrane.
1. Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St Louis, Missouri, USA; Mosby Inc: 2002.
2. Waldvogel FA. New resistance in Staphylococci aureus . N Engl J Med 1999;340:556-7. [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT]
3. McCord JM, Kelee BB, Fridovich I. An Enzyme based theory of obligate anaerobiosis: the physiological function of superoxide dismutase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1971;68:1024.
4. Weisiper RA, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: organelle specificity. J Biol Chem 1973;248:3582.
5. Gort AS, Imaly JA. Balance between endogenous superoxide stress and antioxidant defenses. J Bacteriol 1998;180:1402-10.
6. Hoshino N, Kimura T, Hayakawa F, Yamaji A ando T. Bactericidal activity of catechin-copper (II) complexes against S. aureus compared with Escherichia coli. Letters in Applied Microbiol 2000;31:213-7.
7. Hoshino N, Kimura T, Yamaji A ando T. Damage to cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli by catechin-copper (II) complexes. Free Radical Biol Med 1999;27:1245-50.
8. 8.	Kimura T, Hoshino N, Yamaji A, Hayakawa F ando T. Bactericidal activity of catechin-copper (II) complexes on Escherichia coli ATCC 11775 in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. Letters in Applied Microbiol 1998;27:328-30.
9. Furtado FAC, Asad NR, Leitao A. Effects of 1, 10-phenanthroline and hydrogen peroxide in Escherichia coli : Lethal interaction. Mutation Res 1997;385: 251-8.
10. El-Naggar MM, El-Waseef AM, El-Halafawy KM, El-Sayed IH. Antitumour activities of vanadium (IV), manganese (IV), iron (III), cobalt (II) and copper (II) complexes of 2-methyamino-pyridine. Cancer letters 1998;133:66-77.
11. Dechatelet RL, McCall CE, Mcphail LC, Johnstongjr RB. Superoxide dismutase activity in leukocytes. J Clin Invest 1974;53:1197-201.
12. Ikigai H, Nakae T, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Bactericidal catechins damage the lipid bilayer. Biochem Biophys Acta 1993;1147:132-6.
13. Aronovitch J, Godinger D, Czapski G. Bactericidal activity of catecholamine copper complexes. Free Radical Res Comm 1991;12-13:479-88.
14. Hayakawa F, Kimura T, Maeda T, Fujita M, Sohmiya H ando T. DNA cleavage reaction and linoleic acid peroxidation induced by tea catechins in the presence of cupric ion. Biochem Biophys Acta 1997;1336:123-31.
15. Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during assembly of the head bacteriophage T4. Nature 1970;277:680-5.
16. Morrissey JH. Silver stain polyacrylamide gels. A modified procedure with enhanced uniform sensitivity. Anal Biochem 1981;177:307-10.
17. Hardy SP, editor. Human microbiology. New York, USA: Taylor & Francis Inc; 2002.
18. Hentges DJ. Anaerobes: General characteristics. In: Medical microbiology. 2nd ed. Baron S, editor. California, USA: Addison-Wesley publishing Inc; 1986. p 415.
19. Sonohara R, Muramatsu N, Ohshima H, Kondo T. Difference in surface properties between Escherichia coli and as revealed by electrophoretic mobility measurement. Biophys Chem 1995;55:273-7.
20. Tichy SJ. The influence of some cations on bacterial endotoxins: Copper. Zentralblatt für Backteriologie Mikrobiologie und Hygiene Series A-Medical III. 1975;231:259-68.
[Figure - 1], [Figure - 2], [Figure - 3], [Figure - 4]


I've been busy enough getting issues off to press that I haven't had a free moment up update the blog with those issues. So here's an accounting of what's been released in the last month or so.
This week sees the release of Convergence: Justice League International #2, by me and Mike Manley, with color by Chris Sotomayor. It's the concluding chapter to the tale that began, naturally enough, in Convergence: Justice League International #1 last month.
My other DC Convergence title has also been released: Convergence: Batman and Robin #1 and #2, with art by the great Denys Cowan, Klaus Janson and Chris Sotomayor.
My run on Witchblade has resumed after a two-issue hiatus with the release of #182, with art by Maan House and color by Betsy Gonia. It's part one of a three-part story bringing Sara Pezzini back to New York City, and into contact with a supernatural power broker who will change Sara's life.
Witchblade: Borne Again Volume 2 has also been released, collecting issues #175-#179, by me, Laura Braga, Maan House and Betsy Gonia.
John Carter: Warlord of Mars #5 and #6 concluded the six-part "Invaders or Mars" arc, with art by Abhishek Malsuni and Zsolt Garisa in issue #5, and Roberto Castro in issue #6, and color by Nanjan Jamberi in both issues. Issues #7 and #8 are already in the can, so we're rolling right along on Barsoom.
Skylanders #8 is also out, written by me and David A. Rodriguuez, with art by Fico Ossio and color by David Garcia Cruz. The story in the second part of the "Return of the Dragon King" arc.
And last but most definitely not least, The Protectors by Israel Idonije, Bart Sears, Mark Pennington, Neeraj Menon and me has launched as a motion book on the Madefire app. We'll be releasing the first five-issue arc on Madefire through the summer, and the #0 issue is available for free right now.
Hitting shelves — both literal and electronic — this week is Artifacts #31, by me and South Korean painter Jung-Geun Yoon. The cover is by Stjepan Sejic. The story picks up threads from the previous issue, and seeds a few hints about the upcoming, ultimate fate of the Darkness, Jackie Estacado.
One convention note this week as well. Saturday and Sunday I'll be at the Granite State Comicon, held at the Radisson Center of New Hampshire in downtown Manchester, NH. This is the first time the con is putting a two-day show, and there's a pretty impressive guest list.
I'll have collections of my creator-owned books Ravine, Shinku and Samurai: Heaven and Earth on hand, as well as other odds and ends. And if all goes as planned, I should be debuting the first offerings in a series of Ravine prints, with amazing Stjepan Sejic art. One words: Dragons!
The next Artifacts collection, Volume 5, hit stores recently, from Top Cow/Image. The collection contains issues #19-#23, all written by me with art and cover by Stjepan Sejic. The book contains two story arcs expanding the Artifacts mythology.
The first re-introduces Heart Stone bearer Rachel Harrison, a doctor who moves back to her small hometown, only to find that the town's history of supernatural goings-on is coming back to literally haunt her. The second arc takes Rapture bearer and defrocked priest Tom Judge to Washington, D.C. to investigate a murder on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. But what at first seems like a ritual killing turns out to be case of demonic possession, including a confrontation on the grounds of the National Cathedral.
Hope you'll give it a look. We're continuing to explore the breadth of the Top Cow Universe, as The Darkness and Witchblade titles head for some changes. If you hadn't heard, it appears Jackie Estacado will perish in an upcoming storyline, and I'll be returning to the writing duties of Witchblade with October's #170. Good stuff coming!


It is still early, but discussion about hosting events for Pride Month in Chambersburg have started.
Joe Maldonado is the North Jersey boy behind the Boy Scouts of America's decision to accept transgender children.
CHAMBERSBURG - For the first time in Chambersburg's history, a major LGBTQ event may come to the square this summer.
U-Belong, a group supporting the LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning) community and its allies that was founded by local transgender woman Sasha Mowen, is a fledgling organization that has begun working with businesses and groups from around the region to put on events for Pride Month, held nationally in June.
Noel Purdy, president of the Greater Chambersburg Chamber of Commerce, along with Mike Carty, the Downtown Business Council coordinator, and Scott Fish, the Downtown Chambersburg Inc. events coordinator, met with Mowen and Melissa Mattson Friday to discuss putting on the events.
Purdy said there was some discussion of putting together events for the community several months ago, when Mowen came to her Carty separately to discuss the possibilities. From there, they set up the meeting to discuss Mowen's vision and look at the logistics of such an event.
"We're here to help," Purdy said, hoping they can be a resource to everyone. She said people around the community are talking about LGBTQ issues more, "and that's a good thing."
She acknowledged the lack of support from the greater community, and understands the need to raise awareness among those citizens.
"This sounded like a great opportunity," Purdy said.
"I was shocked, Melissa was shocked, because it was like 'okay let's do this. Let's get right to it,'" Mowen said about the response she got from from group. "And I'm like wait, I've lived in Chambersburg for a number of years. I don't remember it being easy."
For Mowen and her group, they knew there was a push for more events representing the community.
"I started the event page (the Facebook page Chambersburg LGBT Pride) and everybody's coming out of the woodwork saying 'hey, I've been trying to start something like this forever,'" Mowen said. And she said more simply, they're going to do it.
"You jump in feet first and figure it out," Mowen said. Mattson said discussion at the meeting covered making connections to the different groups, understanding logistics behind creating a proper nonprofit organization, and how to get the event off the ground.
"It just took one person to say 'we're doing this, who's with me?'" Mattson said. "And people jumped on board."
Both she and Mowen hope the event opens up the community a little, and lets people know there's support around Franklin County.
"To say we're not alone, I mean so many times we go out and I think, you know you're not the only one, but you don't ever see anybody because everybody else is afraid to be themselves or to hold their partner's hand," Mattson said. "To say we're not the only gay family in Chambersburg. There's others like us. And there's other who support us, even.
"That's the biggest thing for me, is knowing I have allies out there, and this is a supportive community," Mattson said. She wants people to know there are more people welcoming them than not in Franklin County.
"The hate out there is in the minority," Mowen said, referencing the good experience she had at a rally last Saturday, Feb. 4, against President Donald Trump's anti-immigration ban. That ban is now on hold following a third court decision against it, and the next step will be the U.S. Supreme Court if the Trump administration appeals the most recent decision.
"And even somebody who comes out initially negative, we're starting a dialogue," Mowen said. "As long as you're not bringing violence along with you, we can be cool. We can talk all day long. I have people who don't like my lifestyle, but I still have dialogue with them. It doesn't mean that we can't still connect as human beings. It's about bringing people together."
Because Pride Month is considered all of June, the group is looking to have some key events during First Friday, a monthly arts and entertainment event, and the following Saturday, but U-Belong hopes to have businesses work with them to host events throughout the rest of the month.
There's talk of a walk on Saturday, potentially with a moment of silence to be officiated by public officials that want to participate.
One of the events likely to happen will be a silent auction at J. Bryant Photography studio, where the money raised will go toward a formal "prom" like event that enables people who were closeted during their first prom to enjoy such an event while being true to themselves. Any remaining funds will go toward a community/resource center geared toward the LGBTQ community - and perhaps used in other ways they find are needed - that the group believes is needed in the community.
"This June is definitely going to give us a sense of how much a center is needed in Franklin County, not even just in Chambersburg. A really good starting point just for the county itself," Mattson said.
So far, they have gotten a response that surprised both of them with its positivity. From people interested in attending, to the vendors who want to host events, Mowen and Mattson are excited to see the possibilities for the event with the support.
"They might be in for a surprise, actually, at how big a response that first Friday or Saturday events are gonna be," Mattson said. "Because we don't have to go to Harrisburg anymore, we don't have to go to Hagerstown anymore. We're in our own backyard."
Purdy said the various Chamber organizations and planning organizations will be there to provide support to the group in preparing for the event both logistically and in marketing as the planning continues.
First Friday is scheduled to occur June 2, with events to follow.
Anyone interested in participating in the event can email UBelong4state@gmail.com, or check out the event Facebook Chambersburg LGBT Pride.
UBelong's Facebook Page can be found at U-Belong, Franklin County LGBTQ and Allies, with their regional group to be found here. They can also be found at @UBelong4State1 on Twitter.


Laughter, music and comedy gold can all be found in the musical adaptation of the movie Elf being performed live at Theatre Cedar Rapids this holiday season.
"Elf the Musical" stars Kirkwood Community College alumnus DJ Kohl as Buddy, Greg Brown as Walter Hobbs and Emily Palmer as Jovie, Buddy's love interest.
"Elf the Musical" follows the same basic plot as the movie but also keeps the audience on their toes with the production's magical twists.
Brown, who plays Walter Hobbs was beyond compare, nailing every aspect of the role that was previously set by James Caan, the original actor of Mr. Hobbs. In addition to Brown's performance, a hand must be given to all the kids who participated in the musical.
Dylan Asher and Claire Loan's portrayal of the fighting elf couple who told Buddy he was human was on the same level as would be expected of professional actors.
Kohl, the actor for Buddy, said the group has "been practicing almost every day for two months." Fortunately, this all paid off in the end and the audience loved the performance.
The cast also includes Kirkwood student Mitchell Grauberger, who performs as part of the ensemble. Ticket information, cast listing and show updates can be found at the Theatre Cedar Rapids website www.theatrecr.org.
Kirkwood alumnus DJ Kohl, who plays Buddy the Elf, gets ready to leave the North Pole for New York during dress rehearsal.
Kirkwood student David Scanion LA who plays an elf and singds during a performance of Elf the Musical. PHOTO BY JEFF SIGMUND.


The revered image of the Virgen De La Rosa was canonically crowned recently by Manila Archbishop Luis Antonio Cardinal Tagle at the Saints Peter and Paul Parish in Makati City.
The miraculous Marian image with the Child Jesus in her arms arrived in the country in 1718 from Cadiz, Spain through the ports of Acapulco onboard a galleon. It has been enshrined at the parish for 300 years where a Holy Mass is dedicated in her honor every Saturday. The Marian image is the 41st canonically crowned religious icon in the country.
In his homily, Tagle urged the faithful to reflect and live out the symbolisms of the crown of Mary: joy, humility, and servanthood.
"Grace is not a thing. Grace is God Himself, the Lord is with you. If the Lord is with you, then you are happy, you will experience the joy that the world cannot give. Mary's crown reminds everyone to find joy in the presence of God in their lives. No other jewel could match or surpass God in one's life," His Eminence said.
"Mary did not make use of her calling to separate herself from those who suffer. The woman crowned as the mother of God is a humble woman whose heart beats with the helplessness, with the cries, with the pains of the humble people of every generation," Tagle added.
"During the time of Jesus and Mary, to be a servant of someone means I belong to the one who I serve. More than work, it is about belongingness. To whom do I belong? And if I belong to the Lord, I will serve the Lord. No wonder Jesus will say, 'You cannot serve both God and money.' If you belong to money, you will serve money, but if you belong to the Lord, you will serve the Lord. It is not just action, it is about belonging. If I belong to the Lord, I will serve the Lord," Tagle stressed.
The Church leader urged the faithful "to follow the example of Mary." "Finding beauty in what the world considers ugly. Mary stood at the foot of the cross of her Son, the Son crowned with thorns, an ugly site, but she stood there and found the mysterious beauty of crucified love. Where do we locate beauty? Mary teaches us the way," Tagle said.


The trouble is, it's one thing to notice a potential danger and raise a few alarm bells to get scientists to investigate an issue — it's a whole other to publicize and propagandize an unsubstantiated fear despite evidence against it. The former is important, as Kara suggests, and should occur. I have no problem with non-scientists raising honest concerns, if their goal is to have the concerns considered — so long as they're actually willing to hear what the evidence has to say. The latter, on the other hand, is denialism. You see, once scientists have weighed in, you have to be willing to listen to them.
There is value in advocacy groups creating small, non-scientific studies in order to investigate whether a particular issue merits concern. The key is in what happens next. If that group believes they have findings that warrant further study, then they should certainly seek rigorous scientific investigation. If peer-reviewed research backs up their initial concerns, the group should be commended. If, however, the results don't confirm their initial concerns, that should come as welcome news.
Unfortunately, when peer-reviewed science doesn't back up the claims of a particular lobby, that lobby all too often goes public with their initial findings and cries foul. The media is not adept at discerning which studies are scientifically valid and they particularly love using false equivalency to create the illusion of debate.1 After all, society surely finds it much more compelling to envision rogue scientists conspiring with governments and evil corporations than it is to believe that their unfounded concerns were wrong.
One need only look to climate change science, or the debunked link between autism and vaccines, to witness the embodiment of Wilcox's main point. People, even when presented with sound and overwhelming scientific evidence, find it easier to subscribe to unreasonable conspiracy plots than it is to relinquish their emotional beliefs. Perhaps it speaks more to human behavior than to a specific distrust of science. However, as a scientist, I find the trend disturbing and depressing.


Each Curatr course has a dashboard which provides data into different aspects of end-user engagement.
This article provides a breakdown of those graphs and charts to help you better interpret what they are telling you.
Note: The below graphs and charts are meant to give you a general overview of activity in Curatr. For more detailed reporting on different functions, please review our reporting overview.
This benchmarks your users by progress (how many levels have they completed / how much content they have interacted with) against engagement (comments / contributions / votes). There are no absolutes here; positions on the graph will move according to the effort level of the whole enrolment base.
Hovering over a point will show you the user in question while clicking will take you to their profile page where you can drill down further if needed.
This chart benchmarks user's contributions against the quality ratings they have received via the like/thumbs up button that is available for each comment and contribution (except your own!). Those down in the bottom-left are somewhat apathetic. Those in the top-right are demonstrating flow; a balance of quantity and quality. Those in the bottom-right are perhaps trying a little too hard in terms of the number of contributions they make. And those in the top-left you could do with hearing more from; they make quality contributions, but they don't say much.
Hovering over a point will show you the user in question; clicking will take you to their profile page where you can drill down further if needed.
What level are my users?
7 users are enrolled on the course.
For Level Group 1, level 2 (mouse pointer is over this level), 2 users have finished, 1 is at the gate and 4 at the start.
179 comments were made during the preceding 30 days.
22 distinct users logged in during the preceding 30 days.
8 contributions were made during the preceding 30 days.
599 object views took place in the preceding 30 days.
If an individual were to view an object twice, that would count as 2 views.


Ludwigshafen, Germany - October 31, 2016 - As a consequence of the fire incident at the North Harbour at BASF SE in Ludwigshafen on October 17, 2016, BASF has to declare Force Majeure on deliveries of dispersions, dispersion powders and hotmelts on acrylic monomer basis (Acronal®, acResin®, Acrodur®, ACROSOL® E 20 D, AQAGloss®, Basonal®, Col.9®, Epotal® and Luhydran®) from BASF's sites in Ludwigshafen and Tarragona until further notice.
While the plants for the above mentioned products are not affected by the incident, impacts on logistics as well as raw materials are given. Due to the fire, the raw material supply of the steam crackers was halted; also other Verbund plants were idled or production reduced. Many plants, such as one of the steam crackers, have resumed operations in the meantime.
BASF is currently not able to specify how long this situation will last. Meanwhile BASF is implementing measures to limit the consequences for its customers and will continuously inform them about the development and the details regarding the supply capability with the affected products.


text:
<?php
return array(
    'controllers' => array(
        'invokables' => array(
            'Catalog\Controller\Index' => 'Catalog\Controller\IndexController',
            'Catalog\Controller\Branch' => 'Catalog\Controller\BranchController',
            'Catalog\Controller\Franchise' => 'Catalog\Controller\FranchiseController',
            'Catalog\Controller\Cart' => 'Catalog\Controller\CartController',
            'Catalog\Controller\Info' => 'Catalog\Controller\InfoController',
        ),
    ),
    'router' => array(
        'routes' => array(
            'catalog' => array(
                'type' => 'segment',
                'options' => array(
                    'route' => '/catalog[/:controller][/:action][/:id]',
                    'constraints' => array(
                        'controller' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*',
                        'action' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*',
                        'id' => '[0-9]+',
                    ),
                    'defaults' => array(
                        '__NAMESPACE__' => 'Catalog\Controller',
                        'controller' => 'Index',
                        'action' => 'index',
                    ),
                ),
            ),
        ),
    ),
    'view_manager' => array(
        'template_path_stack' => array(
            'Catalog' => __DIR__ . '/../view',
        ),
        'strategies' => array(
            'ViewJsonStrategy',
        ),
    ),
);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Then my much-needed chinchilla shelves arrived via UPS. I spent the next two hours happily constructing my chin's extreme new condo. I spent the next 30 minutes sipping tea in front of his cage and watching him explore his new digs. Then my boss at the Nature Center called. He bought me a Merauke blue tongue skink! I rushed over to see her and she is a looker. I named her Meredith. Gary was due home soon so I jetted back and made him drive me back out to the Nature Center to see and photograph Meredith. Afterwards I picked up my new glasses and contacts. I look so smart now.
After a wee rest, (it was my day off after all,) I helped Gary make dinner. He made me Indian food, (chicken korma to be precise). It was perfect but I distracted him at one point so the bread got burned beyond recognition. We watched TV and looked at pics of Meredith before we settled down to sleep. After our customary "I love you"s I turned to my beloved and said- "Bar naan, it was a perfect day." His response? Sine Qua naan.
Ah- you gotta love him.


text:
Q: DaveJohnson Phonegap/Facebook plugin issues I'm try to get facebook integration into my cordova 1.8.1 application. I've tried several different plugins only to find that they don't support cordova 1.8. DaveJohnson's Plugin supposedly supports cordova 1.8 but I'm having issues with it. I'm getting a lot of errors when I click the login button that comes in the example index page:
2012-09-18 14:44:00.327 LCBCChurch[4597:707] Multi-tasking -> Device: YES, App: YES
2012-09-18 14:44:00.337 LCBCChurch[4597:707] Multi-tasking -> Device: YES, App: YES
2012-09-18 14:44:02.625 LCBCChurch[4597:707] CDVPlugin class FacebookConnectPlugin (pluginName: org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect) does not exist.
2012-09-18 14:44:02.629 LCBCChurch[4597:707] ERROR: Plugin 'org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect' not found, or is not a CDVPlugin. Check your plugin mapping in Cordova.plist.
2012-09-18 14:44:02.630 LCBCChurch[4597:707] FAILED pluginJSON = {"className":"org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect","methodName":"init","arguments":["org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect1","appid"]}
2012-09-18 14:44:02.632 LCBCChurch[4597:707] CDVPlugin class FacebookConnectPlugin (pluginName: org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect) does not exist.
2012-09-18 14:44:02.634 LCBCChurch[4597:707] ERROR: Plugin 'org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect' not found, or is not a CDVPlugin. Check your plugin mapping in Cordova.plist.
2012-09-18 14:44:02.635 LCBCChurch[4597:707] FAILED pluginJSON = {"className":"org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect","methodName":"getLoginStatus","arguments":["org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect2"]}
2012-09-18 14:44:16.426 LCBCChurch[4597:707] CDVPlugin class FacebookConnectPlugin (pluginName: org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect) does not exist.
2012-09-18 14:44:16.428 LCBCChurch[4597:707] ERROR: Plugin 'org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect' not found, or is not a CDVPlugin. Check your plugin mapping in Cordova.plist.
2012-09-18 14:44:16.429 LCBCChurch[4597:707] FAILED pluginJSON = {"className":"org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect","methodName":"login","arguments":["org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect3","email"]}

I even followed a video tutorial to the T, but am getting these failures. Does anyone know what any of these mean and how I can fix them. Would truly appreciate any help you can provide, thanks!
------ UPDATE -------
I think it was the way that I loaded the .m and .h files. I didn't use "references" and I added it as a target.
However now I'm getting another error. The login button launches me over to facebook but now I get an error in fb "An error occurred. Please try again later." Any ideas how to fix that?

A: Make sure you have added the facebook id at the eventlistener code snippet(right at the end of the index html.)

A: Make sure you add an entry to Cordova.plist. "org.apache.cordova.facebook.Connect," for the key and FacebookConnectPlugin for the value.
Then, make sure you already have create a Facebook app and put your bundle ID in the Native IOS app section. Don't forget to enable login too.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Along with the world's leading universities, Kutaisi International University will introduce new programs for all three levels of higher education
21.02.2021 Higher Education
Mikheil Chkhenkeli, the candidate for the Minister of Education, Science, Culture and Sport of Georgia, addressed the joint committees of the Parliament and spoke about the importance of Kutaisi International University, a large-scale project in the field of higher education and science.
As Mikheil Chkhenkeli noted, in terms of internationalization, Kutaisi International University is of paramount importance. It is the first university campus-type higher education institution in the region to be developed by Western standards.
The university, which officially opened in October 2020 despite a pandemic, has already admitted its first students to three English-language undergraduate programs: Mathematics, Computer Science and Management. These programs were created in collaboration with one of the world's leading universities - the Technical University of Munich. In the coming years, the university will have new academic programs for all three levels of education, each of which will be based on the academic programs of the world's leading universities. Significant results in this direction have already been achieved with several universities, including the University of Rennes and the Polytechnic University of Milan. In addition, work is underway on a Master of Cyber Security program to be developed in partnership with US and Japanese partners.
Professors from the world's leading universities give lectures at the university together with Georgian professors. The internationalization of Kutaisi International University is conditioned by the members of the Advisory Board, who are well-known scientists from different countries. The honorary president, Professor Wolfgang Hermann – is a world-renowned scientist, former president of the Technical University of Munich.
As the Minister stressed, Mr. Bidzina Ivanishvili is the author of the idea and the entire concept of the main mega-project - Kutaisi International University belongs to him, and without his and his family's extremely important contribution, a university of this rank and scale would not exist in Georgia.
"I would like to note with special pride that a Hadron Therapy Center will be established on the premises of Kutaisi International University, where modern research in medical and nuclear physics will be carried out along with the treatment of oncological diseases. The center will house two cyclotrons, which are currently being manufactured by one of the world's leading companies (IBA). This project is also funded by the Cartu Foundation. One cyclotron will be used to treat cancer with ultra-modern methods, which is especially important for children with cancer, whereas the second cyclotron will be used for scientific research process. These studies will be carried out by well-known foreign scientists together with Georgian scientists. I have personally met the world's leading researchers in the field of oncology and proton therapy. They have already expressed their readiness to carry out a scientific-research process in Kutaisi together with Georgian scientists. Accordingly, Kutaisi International University and Hadron Therapy Center will become an academic and scientific center of world importance.
We would like to inform you that representatives of IDOM, one of the world's leading architectural bureaus, and IBA, a company that manufactures proton therapy equipment for cancer, are currently on a working visit to Georgia. They are implementing the Hadron Therapy Center project at Kutaisi International University. The construction and development of the center is being carried out according to the plan and meeting all imposed deadlines."
Additionally according to Mikheil Chkhenkelii, an industrial advisory council is planned to be established at Kutaisi International University, which will include representatives of the world's leading companies and business associations.


8C went a full year without a CAUTI.
Congratulations to the faculty and staff of 8C for going a full year without a CAUTI!
The team earned a 365 Days of Safety Awards for its efforts.
The 365 Days of Safety Award recognizes outstanding practice within a patient care unit, area, clinic or department which resulted in the avoidance of patient harm and health care-acquired conditions for 365 consecutive days. The award also demonstrates the sustainability of the associated patient safety practice.
To learn more about 365 Days of Safety Award, to see past winners or to submit a nomination, click here.
Last call: Today is the last day to take the 2019 Employee Engagement Survey!


text:
Winning the trade war
No one wins a trade war, except President Donald John Trump.
That is, of course, not true. American presidents throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries won plenty of trade wars. They used tariffs to protect American industries from foreigners.
But Red China lured Apple and others into exporting American jobs, paid off politicians, and pumped up propaganda that dumping goods here was free trade.
President Trump began his trade war with Red China by first fortifying the economy. He began his presidency the day after the election as he met with and assured businesses that there would be regulatory relief and tax cuts. By the end of his first year as president, he cut not only personal income taxes but corporate taxes as well.
Only then did he levy tariffs to coerce trade agreements (and later to get Mexico to protect our border).
CNBC reported on July 20, 2018, "President Donald Trump said the stock market rally since his election victory gives him the opportunity to be more aggressive in his trade war with China and other countries.
"'This is the time. You know the expression we're playing with the bank's money,' he told CNBC.
"The president has a big cushion. The S&P 500 is up 31% since Trump's win on Election Day, Nov. 8, 2016, through Thursday. The market's gain has slowed this year as the administration has implemented new tariffs on countries, with the benchmark index up 4.9% for 2018 through Thursday.
"Trump added the market would likely be much higher if he didn't escalate the trade issues with China and the rest of the world."
His plan is working.
The International Business Times reported, "China's exports to the United States amid the ongoing trade war decreased 23% from a year earlier to $35.6 billion, customs data revealed Sunday. China is running a trade surplus with the U.S. of $24.6 billion.
"China's global exports fell by 1.1% from a year earlier to $221.7 billion.
"The trade war has no end in sight, with President Trump's economic advisor Larry Kudlow saying that a new round of tariffs is still set to be imposed on $156 billion of Chinese goods on Sunday if there is no trade deal."
President Trump does not need a trade deal with Red China because what the communists make, Americans can make.
Chairman Xi needs our market -- and our food. Disease is killing their swine.
The Associated Press reported, "A Chinese official says Beijing wants a prompt settlement of its trade war with Washington.
"A deputy commerce minister said Monday that Beijing wants "satisfactory results as soon as possible." The official gave no details of talks on a "Phase 1" deal announced by President Donald Trump in October.
"Another U.S. tariff hike on $160 billion of Chinese imports is due to take effect Sunday. China announced Friday it was carrying out a promise to waive punitive tariffs on American soybeans and pork."
But Red China believes it has a Trump card.
The South China Morning Post reported, "The impeachment process working its way through the US Congress threatens to further destabilize an erratic president, push China's expectations lower and undercut chances for a meaningful US-China trade deal before the 2020 election.
"That's the view among American political and economic experts as the Washington-Beijing trade war launched by US President Donald Trump drags on with consumers feeling the pain and the global economy and financial markets held hostage."
Erratic president?
The man is a very sane genius and if Red China believes otherwise, this helps him. Having survived and prevailed the Mueller Witch Hunt, President Trump faces the butterknife sharp Crayola crowd in Congress led by Adam "Andy Kaufman" Schiff and Jerry "Tweedledee" Nadler. One has crazy eyes and the other has his belt under his arms.
Democrats know their impeachment will fail spectacularly.
To save face, they will pass President Trump's trade agreement with Canada and Mexico.
NBC reported, "Democratic leaders Tuesday praised a new trade deal to replace the decades-old North American Free Trade Agreement, which President Donald Trump and Democrats had frequently criticized.
"House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and Ways and Means Committee Chairman Richard Neal, D-Mass., said they were poised to move forward with the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) less than an hour after Democratic leaders, including Pelosi, Neal and House Judiciary Chairman Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y., unveiled two articles of impeachment against the president accusing him of high crimes and misdemeanors."
The message to Red China is clear: Democrats won't stop him and neither will you.
I'm guessing Trump has won at least 2, with the new USMCA and China desperately trying to get Trump to agree to a deal. Can't wait until Don posts! https://t.co/q4ozdq0U25
— Leslie Eastman (@Mutnodjmet) December 10, 2019
But she is correct. Time plus no answer equals no. President Trump has time on his side. He can say no, they cannot.
Losing 23% of a customer's account isn't good news. That Red China has to pay tariffs on the remaining 77% is more bad news.
Meanwhile, the best economy in 50 years continues to skip along on its merry way. President Trump should be in no hurry to bail Red China out.
Posted by Don Surber at 12/10/2019 06:00:00 PM