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text:
Robert Stockman, Mana Derakhshani, and family
Martian Frontier
The novel has three series. The Lunar Frontier follows Will Elliott, the chief protagonist, and the return of human beings to the moon in the late 2020s. The novel assumes technology very similar to Elon Musk's Falcon rocket. The second series, The Martian Frontier, follows Will Elliott as a member of the first crew landed on Mars and his decision to remain there. The 19 volumes cover almost 40 years of the development of Mars until it becomes an independent sovereignty with the goal of expanding the human presence out into the solar system. The third series, The Mariners, currently is being written and follows the first Mars-born generation (including Will Elliott's children) as they move out to the other planets of the solar system.
The Martian Frontier was the first of the three to be written. The Lunar Frontier followed as a prequel and necessitated some rewritting of The Martian Frontier to accommodate the plot and technology. The Mariners was started right before I completed The Martian Frontier and was dropped for a while. It is difficult to predict how far The Mariners will go; perhaps just three volumes.
The novel attempts to make reasonable assumptions about the technology available to send humans to the moon and Mars in the 2020s and 2030s, but speeds up the pace of settlement for dramatic purposes. It also explores the development of Marsian culture ("Martian" refers to the planet's natural environment, "Marsian" refers to human institutions and conventions developed there).
Comments are welcome; contact the author.
First Series: The Lunar Frontier
The Lunar Frontier, vol. 1 (PDF)
The Second Series: The Martian Frontier
Volume 1: Columbus 1 (PDF)
Volume 3: The Settlement (PDF)
Volume 4: The Commission (PDF)
Volume 5: Dust and Gold (PDF)
Volume 6: The Commonwealth (PDF)
Volume 7: New Horizons (PDF)
Volume 8: Marsians (PDF)
Volume 9: Foundations for Expansion (PDF)
Volume 10: Challenges of Diversity (PDF)
Volume 11: Self Subsistence (PDF)
Volume 12: Voyage of Discovery (PDF)
Volume 13: Outward Expansion (PDF)
Volume 14: Debates about Independence (PDF)
Volume 15: The Cinnamon Revolution (PDF)
Volume 16: The New Nation (PDF)
Volume 17: Fires of Conflict (PDF)
Appendices:
Mars Frontier Equipment
© 2003-2020, Robert Stockman, Mana Derakhshani, and family

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
New York SAFE Act Gets a Mental Health Assessment
COMMENTARY | New York's SAFE Act was pushed through the state assembly through a non-democratic process called a "message of necessity." A "message of necessity" is a provision of New York statutes that permitted Gov. Cuomo to push the new gun bill through without waiting the required three days for comment and discussion.
The outcry from hunting enthusiasts, sport shooters, and activist gun rights groups was expected, but few anticipated the protests of the mental health community.
Until the SAFE Act was passed, that group has generally been quiet regarding gun control legislation. But the new gun law attempts to mitigate gun violence at the hands of the mentally ill.
Lawmakers perhaps considered cases like that of Seung Hui Cho, who shot to death 32 people in a 2007 mass shooting at Virginia Tech. Cho had been judged mentally ill in a court procedure two years earlier, according to the Washington Post.
Yet Cho passed required background checks to obtain guns, according to CNN, because his mental health records were kept out of the gun check database. With the SAFE Act, New York state legislators made a half-hearted attempt to remedy that by obligating mental health professionals to report dangerously mentally ill patients to authorities.
Such persons would then be entered into a national gun database.
The defiant reaction of the mental health community was summed up in a Syracuse Post-Standard story quoting Dr. James Knoll, director of forensic psychiatry at New York's Upstate Medical University.
"We're being transformed into agents of the state and agents of government control," Knoll said.
Hardly the views of a right-wing militia member. Not to worry, though. There is no penalty for failing to comply because of exculpatory language used in the new law.
Should any future mass shootings by mentally ill patients rise to headline status, expect to hear an abundance of exonerating phrases like "reasonable professional judgment" and "good faith."
The SAFE Act has the distinct odor of bureaucratic incompetence. More than half the state's county governments have passed resolutions urging repeal of the act. Gun rights advocates who might have supported legitimate measures of the law were shut out of a process that alienated large number of the state's voters.
Even the state sheriffs wonder aloud if their own high-capacity magazines and "assault weapons" were rendered illegal by a governor's signature, hastily applied.
"Law enforcement exemptions must be clarified," reads a section of the New York State Sheriff's Association page.
Anthony Ventre is a freelance writer and a Yahoo contributor in news, commentary, and financial writing.
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The story Tale Three: The Man, The Myth, The Mysteries may contain violence and sexual themes that may not be suitable for young readers. If you are 18 and above, please click "I am over 18 years old" to continue.
Isby was a man that one would call tall. Not overly muscular nor noticeably skinny. To all, he appeared to be an average man. Perhaps too average.
In the year 400, Thana was not the place for average men or women. It was full of the most richly gifted persons. Be it by knowledge, strength, wit or humour. The people of Thana were certainly extraordinary. Isby just wasn't one of them. He never had favour with the ruler of Thana, Unar, even though he had seen him often enough. It was, for a long time, that many of the persons in Thana were out of favour with Isby. Something Isby was happy about. The people of Thana were curious and as much as the people enjoyed the company of each other, they relished in their own gifts and thought a little too much of themselves. This didn't bother Isby however as to him he had his own unique gift.
As every Thananian before him, Isby had been told the story of Unar's Pillar. He had been told about how Unar their great king was rumoured to be over 100 years old. None knew for sure the king's age however what they did know was that once Unar had established Thana, in around the year 298, he had climbed the 100ft pillar that lay just off shore. He had run into the crashing waves, scaled the rock and declared it Unar's Pillar as a symbol of strength, power and might. Unar's Pillar would go on to become the symbol of Thana. The unfortunate end to this tale was that the descent from the pillar would prove more difficult, Unar had made a wrong move and had almost died. No-one knew how he had survived as even with the most skilled healer his injuries were beyond repair: yet Unar had survived. Some speculate that whatever the healers did to him in the palace, is the reason for his incredibly long life. This story had inspired Isby and had resulted in his wanderlust, ever wishing to explore the world outside of Thana's walls. Many stories were told about the world outside Thana, all of them were dark and twisted.
The high walls of Thana stretched far above the height of the buildings, it was common in Thana that only the ruler had ever seen the horizon. The deep, magnificent colours in the sky before it became blackness fascinated Isby. He found peace in the endless world above him and as a child it was how he use to escape the situation around him. His home was with those who worked at the palace. His father, the chief servant, meant that Isby saw a lot of Unar, his son and the kings' personal gathering. Deemed as a child to have a strength in battle, Isby had been forced to join the training school for fighters, where he had all but excelled. He was nothing but a low life now in the palace, known only by his father's status.
He planned that the day his father was to be promoted in the place would be the day that he would leave. His father would be busy with all new duties he would have to face and the place would be busy with all its staff as well. Thus when this day came Isby collected up all the items he thought he would need, and indeed had, before he snuck out of the palace. The streets of Thana were quiet but the few people who were out took no notice of Isby. Soon Isby came to the city gates, they loomed above him. The two guards at the gate were watching him.
"Can you open the gates?" Isby asked them, unsure of what the answer would be. There was a pause before the guards agreed to open the gates. Isby just stood in awe at the landscape which opened up before him. Golden sand stretched out into the distance where the crashing of waves merged in with the horizon. Isby took a single step outside of the castle walls and the gates closed behind him. Isby walked silently towards the shoreline. The sand was crisp and warm beneath his feet while the breeze soothed his skin. He heard the gentle crashing of waves onto the shore and he could feel himself connect to the world around him.
The men from the wall watched as Isby went down to the water, as he splashed in the waves and admired Unar's Pillar. They watched Isby wash his face in the water before humming and digging his feet into the sand. They watched the shadow of Unar's Pillar move until it fell onto Isby. They watched as the sand began to move as though a wind was blowing across it. Gradually the sand moved more and more until great tails covered with spikes erupted from the sand. That's when Isby knew that something was really wrong. Giant scorpion like creatures emerged and charged at Isby, who panicked and ran back towards Thana, where the gates were shut and were not going to open. Muscle memories kicked in from his childhood and Isby managed to duck and dive many of the creatures attacks. He made swift, quick movements in order to keep ahead of the scorpion like creatures' attacks while still heading for the gates of Thana. One of the long tails landed in front of Isby which caused him to come to a complete halt. He turned to the creature which was now by his side while his mind raced as to what he should do next.
"Kakgra. Wea. West. West. Enza. Enza. Sirens. Islands. They are lost." Came Isby. The men carried Isby back into the palace where King Unar decided that Isby's mutterings were not just that of a mad man. His words referred to places and creatures on Ilios yet The King could not decipher them. He demanded that every highly intelligent person within Thana was to come and attempt to make sense of Isby's words. A woman called Sicua managed to decipher Isby's words and made the papers of Suvri. The papers were bound and placed deep within the vaults of Thana for use of Unar's direct decedents only.
The effect that the Kakgra's venom had had on Isby had made him oversensitive to the world. Isby knew every secret, every hidden place and every rare species of Ilios. The papers of Suvri contained all these secrets and would be locked away behind Thana's walls for over 1,000 years. In the meantime Thana became a stronghold, full of secrets which none outside the walls of Thana knew about. Many traveled to it for training or to visit it yet none could shed light on whether or not Thana knew more knowledge about the world than anyone else ever knew. Little known to the people of the world, just over 1,000 years after Isby's time Thana would be uncovered and there was lot more to the stories, myths and legends about Thana than anyone would have ever guessed.


text:
Washington's Genocide: The US Speculates on the Topic of Famine in Ukraine
It is possible to congratulate the Ukrainian Embassy in the US on the next large necrophilic "victory". The senate of the State of Washington (on the Pacific coast, not to be confused with the capital of the US Washington, District of Columbia, located on the river Potomac, near its confluence with the Atlantic Ocean) adopted a resolution recognizing the so-called Holodomor as "genocide organized by Josef Stalin and the Soviet regime against the people of Ukraine".
Until now a similar resolution calling Holodomor an "artificially caused famine" was adopted (on August 19th, 2016) by the assembly of the State of California. There are 48 more "neo-Holodomor" States and, therefore, 48 more potential "victories" of Ukrainian diplomacy.
However, this won't change the official attitude of the US on the matter. The fact is that already in 1984 Ronald Reagan, who was actively fighting against the USSR, created the commission on studying the famine of 1932-1933 in Ukraine (Mace commission, named after the chairman James Mace). The commission predictably came to the conclusion that "Stalin and his environment committed genocide against Ukrainians in 1932-1933".
The US still periodically refers to the opinion of the Mace Commission, however they didn't dare to officially legalize its conclusions at the federal level. Moreover, James Mace himself complained that after the conclusions of the commission were made public, the doors of the US academic institutions were closed in front of him.
The famine in Ukraine in 1932
Such a reaction of the American scientific community seems quite natural. In the 80's of the last century Washington's politicians didn't yet possess a monopoly on the truth, and scientists valued their reputation. Therefore it is no wonder that attempts to confirm the conclusions of the Mace Commission failed. The international commission on the investigation of famine created for this purpose in 1988 at the initiative of the "World Congress of Free Ukrainians" disappointed the order-givers, without having found proof of both the artificial nature of the famine and the intention to destroy the Ukrainian nation.
In fact, upon this the Holodomor subject also decayed for some years. It was too difficult, without losing objectivity, to explain why during the famine, which allegedly aimed at destroying Ukrainians, the greatest losses were suffered by the rural people of Kazakhstan (nearly 31% of the total number) and the Volga region (23% of the total number). While in Ukraine and the Caucasus (where famine also raged) losses accounted for 20.5% and 20.4% of the total number of rural people respectively.
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Exact data on the victims of the Great famine of 1932-1933 in the USSR doesn't exist. The range of estimates of researchers is large: from 2-2.5 million, to 7-8 million people in general across the USSR. The figure of 6-7 million seems closer to reality because, according to official figures, only in the territory of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, without taking into account Ukraine and Kazakhstan, 2.5 million people died from famine. The total number of victims of famine in Ukraine is estimated by conscientious researchers at 2-3 million (the lower limit — 1.5 million).
As we see, the figures are comparable. In addition, Ukraine in the 1930's was a multinational republic. Moreover, it was much more multinational than nowadays. It is enough to note that the share of the Jewish population of Ukraine in the pre-war years was 5-6%, and now — less than 0.5% from the total number. In Ukraine (except the returning Crimean Tatars) there also lived the later deported (but who didn't come back) large Greek, Armenian and German diasporas. And the famine mowed everyone down, without asking about nationality and without verifying passport data.
Memorial of memory of the victims of Holodomor of 1932-1933 in Kiev
Moreover, the famine especially raged in the Left-bank of Ukraine, i.e. in the regions with a high share, and even with a prevalence of the Russian population, while Western Ukraine, which was most "informed" about Holodomor, at that time in general was still in the structure of the Polish State. So if indeed someone organised an artificial famine on its territory, it wasn't at all Bolsheviks, but civilized Europeans.
Nevertheless, after Ukraine obtained independence, since the middle of the 1990's the topic of the Holodomor genocide with each passing year started to be used more and more actively by the Kiev authorities as a political, first of all international, trump card. And the subject was immediately given a Russophobic character, though at the first stage Kiev denied this.
READ: Maidan Participant Revealed the Presence of NATO Instructors on Maidan
It is clear that if there was genocide, there was also a order-giver (beneficiary) of this genocide, and the purpose consisted in the extermination of the nation. I.e. Ukraine initially emphasized that the famine was organized by Moscow and directed against Ukrainians as a nation, although in practice it mowed down peasants of all nationalities. And its reasons were known. Here is both the "dizziness" in collective-farm construction and crop failure, the overestimated plans of grain-collections, and the inadequacy of local leadership, which was removing from peasants for the sake of the implementation of the plan even seed grain (as a result of which the main blow of the famine fell on 1933, when in some districts corn couldn't even be sown).
For the sake of the proof of the theory of the Holodomor genocide, Kiev started deliberately increasing the number of victims of famine in Ukraine. It was done so that in comparison to other localities of the USSR Ukraine seemed to have suffered the most. Thus in the beginning the figure appeared of 6-7 million victims of famine in Ukraine. These same "researchers" in politics lowered the figure across the rest of the USSR to 2.5 million.
And then Yushchenko came to power. And here is where everything began. Yushchenko wasn't satisfied with the already-available falsifications. He immediately stated that Holodomor is the Ukrainian Holocaust. But already by the end of the first year of his reign, Yushchenko claimed that Holodomor in its scale exceeds the Holocaust, and estimated the number of its victims at ten million people. And a year later Yushchenko already spoke about 10-15 million.
The President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko took part in the opening of the updated documentary and art exhibition "Holodomor of 1932-1933 — Genocide of the Ukrainian People"
Upon this it was necessary to cease, because Ukraine stopped to receive sympathy and started to be ridiculed. It is simple to calculate that with the figure of the population of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932-1933 being 31-32 million people, according to Yushchenko's statements, every second or third inhabitant of the republic should've died. But as the famine covered the territory unevenly, a considerable part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic should have turned into a deserted desert with abandoned cities and ghost towns. But, in painting the atrocities of the communist regime, Yushchenko didn't stop at this and claimed that also about ten million Ukrainians were dispossessed, sent to Siberia, and there in their majority they perished.
READ: Yulia Vityazeva: The Silence of the Doomed
I.e. the republic should've lost its population in general. Who fought in the Great Patriotic War (during which indeed 7-8 million inhabitants of pre-war Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of all nationalities died) is unclear.
At the moment Kiev doesn't operate with any officially approved (especially proven) figure of the victims of famine, but the sounded indicators don't go lower than 6-7 million, periodically coming back to over-the-top Yushchenko's 8-10 million.
In general, the story of Ukrainian genocide is similar to the story with a test tube that Colin Powell shook at a meeting of the UN Security Council, trying to obtain international-judicial legalization of the American invasion of Iraq. Just that its extreme manifestations are even more absurd and more cynical. Ramping up the number of victims to the point of absurdity in fruitless attempts to prove genocide, the Ukrainian politicians and "scientists" reduce the real tragedy of millions of people to grotesque levels. And attempt to present only Ukrainians as the victims of famine, having refused the right for memory and sympathy to millions of Kazakhs, Russians, representatives of the people of the Caucasus, who in the same years of died a similar martyr's death, is beyond both morals and common sense.
The resolutions similar to those that were adopted by the Senate of the State of Washington have a momentary political character. This is evidenced by the fact that from 18 (including Ukraine) countries that recognized Holodomor as genocide of the Ukrainian people, nine of them did it earlier than the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine honoured to adopt the relevant law on November 28th, 2006. Moreover, Estonia and Australia even recognized Holodomor as genocide in October, 1993, (13 years before Kiev did). They knew about it better than Ukrainians themselves.
It is necessary to be glad for Ukrainian diplomacy, having almost unlimited space for further "victories". If they actively work with Lesotho, Swaziland, the island states of Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia, then the number of the countries that professionally recognize Holodomor as genocide can immediately increase twofold.
Tags: HolodomorIshchenkoUkraineUSSR


Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is a heat and drought resilient legume crop grown mostly in Asia and Africa. Pigeonpea is affected by various biotic (diseases and insect pests) and abiotic stresses (salinity and water logging) which limit the yield potential of this crop. However, resistance to all these constraints is not readily available in the cultivated genotypes and some of the wild relatives have been found to withstand these resistances. Thus, the utilization of crop wild relatives (CWR) in pigeonpea breeding has been effective in conferring resistance, quality and breeding efficiency traits to this crop. Bud and leaf tissue of Cajanus scarabaeoides, a wild relative of pigeon pea were used for transcriptome profiling. Approximately 30 million clean reads filtered from raw reads by removal of adaptors, ambiguous reads and low-quality reads (3.02 gigabase pairs) were generated by Illumina paired-end RNA-seq technology. All of these clean reads were pooled and assembled de novo into 1,17,007 transcripts using the Trinity. Finally, a total of 98,664 unigenes were derived with mean length of 396 bp and N50 values of 1393. The assembly produced significant mapping results (73.68%) in BLASTN searches of the Glycine max CDS sequence database (Ensembl). Further, uniprot database of Viridiplantae was used for unigene annotation; 81,799 of 98,664 (82.90%) unigenes were finally annotated with gene descriptions or conserved protein domains. Further, a total of 23,475 SSRs were identified in 27,321 unigenes. This data will provide useful information for mining of functionally important genes and SSR markers for pigeonpea improvement.
To keep pace with the growing human population and dietary requirements, food production must double in the next 25 years (McCouch et al., 2013). The intensifying food demand, climate change, soil degradation, water and land shortages are putting more pressure on the productivity of the current crop-production system (Kastner et al., 2012). In order to achieve gain in food availability, concentrated efforts to intensify food production and making it sustainable are required (Foley et al., 2011). Answers to meet these challenges lies in utilization of novel genetic diversity for production of crop varieties comprising attributes such as heat, cold and drought tolerance, disease and pest resistance (Esquinas-Alcázar, 2005). Domestication and concentration of human population has resulted in severe loss of crop genetic diversity (Olsenand and Gross, 2008). Interestingly, the wild relatives of the cultivated plant species known as Crop wild relatives (CWR) possess much broader spectrum of genetic variations in comparison to the cultivated species (Guarino and Lobell, 2011). The wild relatives have evolved in nature and show adaptation to extreme environmental changes (heat, cold, drought, salinity) and have the capability to withstand damage by insect pest and diseases (Dempewolf et al., 2014). However their utilization is hampered by limited availability of genomic resources.
Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars. is most widely distributed wild species of pigeonpea, belongs to the secondary gene pool and is native to tropical and temperate regions of India, Sri Lanka, Australia, Africa, China etc. (Saxena, 2008). It is a creeper climber, the stem and seeds are very nutritive and can be used for feed and food purposes respectively and it is known to exhibit antibiosis as well as mechanical resistance to pod borers (Van der Maesen, 1985). It is highly resistant to Helicoverpa armigera (pod borer) due to presence of short non-glandular trichomes on the pods (Sharma et al., 2009). The flower initiation is known to be very early in C. scarabaeoides as compared to popular pigeonpea cultivars. This trait can be utilized in breeding programs to reduce harvest time to avoid drastic effects of changing climate. The somatic chromosome features of C. scarabaeoides are similar to the cultivated pigeonpea (Hari D Upadhyaya, 2006). It has many desirable attributes and is cross-compatible with cultivated pigeonpea, and interspecific gene transfer is possible through conventional hybridization. The phenomenon of heterosis has been effectively used for genetic improvement in pigeonpea as it shows considerable extent of natural outcrossing. A number of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) systems are available in pigeonpea but CMS lines derived from C. scarabaeoides (A2 cytoplasm) has been widely utilized to develop promising commercial hybrids (Choudhary and Singh, 2015). Unfortunately, very narrow genomic information is available for C. scarabaeoides.
Keeping in mind the decisive importance of this species, we performed Illumina paired-end sequencing to generate the bud and leaf transcriptome of C. scarabaeoides. This is the primary report of transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly of C. scarabaeoides transcriptome. The transcriptome database will provide a valuable resource for gene discovery and marker development linked with superior traits.
Seeds of C. scarabaeoides (Accession N0- ICPW87) were obtained from the International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India. The seeds were sown in pots containing 1 kg of soil with 34°C temperature at day and 25°C at night with relative humidity approximately 68% and a photoperiod of 16/8 h. The plants were maintained in the experimental green house at NRCPB, New Delhi, India. Buds and leaves of were used as plant material in the present study. Fresh leaves and buds were harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in −80°C until further use. Total RNA from the buds and leaves was extracted using Spectrum Plant Total RNA Kit (Sigma) following the manufacturer's protocol. RNA was quality was checked by Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer RNA Nanochip (Agilent Technologies) and quantity was checked by Nanodrop spectrophotometer (Thermo scientific). Total RNA at concentration of ≥500 ng/ul, OD 260/280 = 1.8~2.2, RNA Integrity Number (RIN) ≥ 7 were used for RNA library preparation.
A Truseq RNA Sample Prep Kit (Illumina) was employed in poly-A based mRNA purification and cDNA library construction was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. 1 ug of total RNA sample of bud and leaf tissue were used for poly-A mRNA selection using streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. Two rounds of enrichment for poly-A mRNA was carried followed by mRNA fragmentation. cDNA was synthesized from enriched and fragmented RNA using reverse transcriptase (Super Script II). Double stranded Illumina libraries were obtained by 15 cycles of PCR amplification using Illumina PCR primers. The size and purity of the libraries were checked by Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. The cDNA libraries of average fragment length 360 bp, approximately were constructed. Finally, both the libraries were sequenced using paired end protocol on the Illumina MiSeq system. The raw sequence data generated in present study have been deposited at NCBI in the Short Read Archive (SRA) database under the accession number SRA548291 (experiment accession numbers SRX2661106 and SRX2661107 for bud and leaf tissue, respectively).
The base quality of the raw paired end reads from bud (17,388,560) and leaf (13,146,615) respectively of 100 bp were assessed by FastQC v0.11.2 (Andrews, 2010). Raw sequenced reads were processed using Trimmomatic software version 0.36 (Bolger et al., 2014) for trimming and quality filtering. In this step, raw reads containing adapter sequence, reads with poly-N (≥10%) and low quality (sQ ≤ 5) were removed to obtain high quality de novo transcriptome sequence data. Simultaneously, Q20, Q30, GC-content and sequence duplication level of the reads were calculated and the downstream analyses was performed on the filtered clean data.
The high quality filtered reads for each library were then de novo assembled using Trinity software package version v2.4.0 (Grabherr et al., 2011), all parameters set to default. The assembly validation was performed using Bowtie2 aligner where the filtered reads were mapped back to the assembled transcripts. Further, unigenes were retrieved with the aid of CD-HIT-EST software (http://weizhongli-lab.org/cd-hit/) that clustered the transcripts with identity parameter of 95%. Unigenes were compared with the Glycine max coding sequence as well as uniprot databases of Viridiplantae by using blastx with a typical cut-off E-value of 1e−5 and similarity level > = 90% to search for homologs. Further, to calculate the abundance estimation for each unigene, reads from each sample were then mapped as separately onto the assembled transcripts i.e. unigenes and the read count for each unigene was obtained. The expression quantity of each gene (fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped fragments, FPKM) was estimated using RSEM (Li and Dewey, 2011) provided within the Trinity package. Potential simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected using MISA (MIcroSAtellite, http://pgrc.ipk-gatersleben.de/misa/) (Thiel et al., 2003). In present study, repeats of one to six nucleotides in the core motif were considered. Mononucleotide repeats ≥ 8 bases, dinucleotides ≥ 10 bases (five repeats) and trinucleotides and tetranucleotides ≥ 12 bases (four and three repeats respectively), pentanucleotide ≥ 15 bases (3 repeats) and hexanucleotides ≥ 18 bases (3 repeats).
Next generation sequencing technology has been extensively applied to characterize the transcriptome profiles in multiple non-model plants. Equal quantity of total RNA extracted from the bud and leaf tissue of C. scarabaeoides was used to construct cDNA library which was then sequenced on Illumina MiSeq platform. Initially, the base quality of the sequenced reads was evaluated. A total of 30,535,175 raw paired-ends read of ~145 bp were obtained. The raw data has been deposited to NCBI with accession number SRA548291. Clean reads were filtered from raw reads by removal of adaptors, ambiguous reads and low-quality reads. After quality checking and pre-processing approximately 30,531,601 clean reads (7.69 GB) were retained Table 1. The GC content was 45.10% and the Q20 and Q30 were 94.243 and 90.12% respectively.
Table 1. Pre and post assembly statistics.
All the clean reads were de novo assembled by Trinity program (Grabherr et al., 2011), which generated a total of 1,17,007 transcripts with an average length of 487 bp and an N50 of 1,422 bp (Table 1). These transcripts then fed to Cluster Database at High Identity with Tolerance-EST i.e., CD-HIT-EST software (Nakasugi et al., 2013) with percent identity 95% to remove redundancy at sequence level producing non-redundant' (nr) representative sequences as output. In this way, number of assembled transcripts got reduced from a total of 1,17,007 to 98,664 transcripts, and defined as unigenes with a mean length of 396 bp and N50 of 1,393. Among the unigenes, the shortest and longest unigenes are 201 and 13,448 bp, respectively. Moreover, 26,876 unigenes were within the 200–400 bp, and 9,444 unigenes were within the 400–1,000 bp. In the meanwhile, we observed that part of unigenes (62,344) were over 1000 bp, which were very helpful to further annotation and functional analysis of unigenes. Assessment of transcriptome assembly was performed with the transcripts (obtained from Trinity assembler). First of all, Bowtie2 was used to align the reads to the constructed transcriptome from Trinity and then we counted the number of proper pairs, improper or orphan read alignments to capture the read alignment statistics. In our case, 93.75% of the mapped fragments were found mapped as proper pairs (yielding concordant alignments 1 or more times to the reconstructed transcriptome) suggesting our proper assembly. The remaining unassembled reads likely correspond to lowly expressed transcripts with unsatisfactory coverage, or are of low quality or aberrant reads. A better de novo assembly was obtained in current sequencing data and the results are shown in Supplementary Material, File 1.
Again at this level, the quality assessment of transcriptome assembly was done through the examination of the full-length or nearly full-length transcripts numbers. Therefore we performed blastx analysis of the assembled transcripts i.e. unigenes against Glycine max coding sequence (CDS) and uniprot database of whole Viridiplantae with the stringent E-value of 1e−5 and percent identity ≥ 90% resulted in 72,703 (73.68%) and 81,799 (82.90%) uniquely mapped unigenes (Table 2; Supplementary Material, Files 2, 3).
Table 2. Unigenes mapping results with Glycine max coding sequence (Ensembl).
Further, a total of 23,475 SSR loci were identified in 27,321 unigene sequences of which 6128 sequences contained more than one SSR (Supplementary Material, File 4). For identification of different types of SSRs, only the perfect repeats were used. Among them, mononucleotide was the most abundant repeat unit i.e. 12613, followed by trinucleotide which was 4402, 3027 dinucleotide, 1,139 tetranucleotide, 1,356 hexanucleotide and 938 pentanucleotide.
This is the first report of a transcriptome database Cajanus scarabaeoides which is a closest wild relative to C. cajan, and one of the easiest wild species that can crossed with pigeonpea cultivars. Next-generation RNA sequencing was performed on mRNAs obtained from bud and leaf tissue. Unigenes and SSR makers identified in present study can be used be used for improvement of cultivated pigeon pea with specific traits, however extended deep researches are required to confirm these findings. Incorporation of different facts at transcriptome, metabolome and proteome approaches would lead to comprehensive research programs focus on engineering C. scarabaeoides.
KG and NS conceived this study. KG designed the experimental plan. SS and GR participated in sample collection, RNA sequencing. DN analyzed the sequence data. DN and SS wrote the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
We acknowledge the financial support received from ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology.
Hari D Upadhyaya, A. (2006). SATrends Issue 62. Patancheru: ICRISAT, 15883–15914.
Van der Maesen, L. J. G. (1985). Cajanus DC. And Atylosia W. & A.(Leguminosae). Agricultural University, No. 85-4.
Copyright © 2017 Nigam, Saxena, Ramakrishna, Singh, Singh and Gaikwad. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


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June 2001, VOLUME 107 / ISSUE 6
The Prenatal Visit
Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health
In their role as advocates for children and families, pediatricians are in an excellent position to support and guide parents during the prenatal period. Prenatal visits allow the pediatrician to gather basic information from parents, provide information and advice to them, and identify high-risk situations in which parents may need to be referred to appropriate resources for help. In addition, prenatal visits are the first step in establishing a relationship between the pediatrician and parents and help parents develop parenting skills. The prenatal visit may take several possible forms depending on the experience and preferences of the parents, competence and availability of the pediatrician, and provisions of the health care plan.
The American Academy of Pediatrics last endorsed the prenatal visit in a policy statement in January 1996.1 The Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health asserts its continuing support for this service as a valuable component of comprehensive pediatric care.
In their role as advocates for children and families, pediatricians are in an excellent position to support and guide parents during the prenatal period. Anticipatory guidance on pertinent issues relating to parenting should begin at this visit.2 Most pediatricians think that the prenatal visit is helpful to themselves and to prospective parents.3,,4 Because they do not initiate the visits, many pediatricians have found that discussing the concept with referring obstetricians in the community has been very helpful in increasing the number of these visits.
Several objectives can be met by the prenatal visit, including:
Establishing the relationship between physician and parents. The prenatal period is a good time to start building the health care alliance that should last throughout the child's pediatric care. This is a particularly good time to invite the father and other supportive adults to establish a relationship with the pediatrician or health care provider and to encourage them to come to future visits. Pediatricians who meet with parents before delivery of their child demonstrate how much they value this relationship. A prenatal visit introduces parents to the concept of a medical home for the child's future health and developmental needs. Parents' comfort levels may increase as they become familiar with their health care provider before the birth of their child, especially if a referral or transfer of care is necessary because of unusual medical needs of the infant.
Gathering basic information. The most important information to collect during the prenatal visit concerns the general assets and needs of the parents and their hopes and worries about their child. Pertinent areas that may be discussed in addition to family medical history are the parents' relationship with each other, the parents' problems with previous pregnancies, anxieties about the present pregnancy, fear of hereditary disorders, relationship between parents and grandparents, reaction of family members to the pregnancy, childhood experiences with parenting, resources for raising a child, plan for delivery (eg, rooming-in), infant feeding choice, car safety, postpartum feelings, expectations, and change in lifestyle.5 This is an appropriate time to identify cultural beliefs, values, and practices related to parenting, including attitudes regarding tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use. Additional issues to consider are age of the parents, the nature and extent of supporting family and friends, and whether the parents plan to begin or return to work and, if so, child care arrangements. Factors that may contribute to turmoil and stress or stability and contentment felt by the parents, such as employment, housing, and the likely effect of the arrival of the infant on the family, including sibling relationships, may be discussed.
Providing information and advice. The pediatrician can describe the anticipated behavior of the newborn and routine care provided in the nursery as well as information regarding the first visit to the pediatrician's office. It is appropriate for the pediatrician to initiate a discussion of the known advantages of breastfeeding. In view of the extensive published evidence of improved outcomes for breastfed infants and their mothers, breastfeeding should be recommended, and support services should also be discussed. These services may be provided within the office setting or through a community-based resource. However, the ultimate decision on the feeding of the infant, whether breast or bottle, remains with the parents.6 Expectant parents should be given accurate and unbiased information regarding circumcision and allowed the opportunity to discuss the performance, benefits, and risks of the procedure. The use of analgesia and its efficacy in reducing the procedural pain should be explained.7 Anticipatory guidance may begin at this point. Providing parents with a brochure on newborns will allow them to read and contemplate questions. Parents should be encouraged to participate in childbirth classes if they are not already doing so. If an early discharge from the hospital is foreseeable, a home visit may be scheduled by the hospital, or an early office appointment may be arranged.
Building parenting skills for mothers and fathers.One of the pediatrician's most complex but gratifying tasks is to help mothers, fathers, and other supportive adults mature into more competent caregivers. This process may begin before the birth of the child by discussing the parents' concerns and planned strategies. This is the time to begin to develop a shared parenting role (eg, daily child care, diapering, and nighttime care). A checklist of topics to be discussed during the prenatal visit would add value.
Identifying high-risk situations. High-risk situations may include adolescent mothers and fathers, single mothers, or parents with a history of genetic abnormality, history of substance abuse, risk of domestic violence, or a gun in the home, and when appropriate, parents should be referred to appropriate resources (eg, counselors, support groups, geneticist) and prepared for potential problems with the child.
TYPES OF PRENATAL VISITS
The prenatal visit may take several possible forms depending on the experience and preferences of the parents, special expertise and availability of the pediatrician, and provisions of the health care plan. In an integrated health care delivery system, important topics that should be discussed before the infant is born may be incorporated into obstetric and prenatal pediatric visits and prenatal classes.8
The Full Prenatal Visit
The optimal form of visit is a regularly scheduled office visit with both parents present. During this visit, the 5 objectives listed earlier are discussed in detail. Discussion should also include the office and telephone hours, fees, hospital affiliations of the physician, coverage for night, weekend, and emergency care, and arrangements that may be made if the infant is born at a hospital where the pediatrician is not on staff. This type of visit is most important for a first pregnancy, for young parents (including adolescent mothers), when there are pregnancy complications or other anticipated problems of consequence for the newborn, when parents are unusually anxious for any reason, or before an adoption. Many parents do not take the opportunity to have such a prenatal visit when offered; however, the establishment of a mutual commitment to a sound and rewarding professional relationship usually results from this visit.
There is an ever-increasing need for home prenatal visits as more women have high-risk pregnancies that require maternal bed rest. These expectant mothers are unable to leave the home to meet their child's health care provider, learn more about the practice, and ask important questions. Home visits can include the same content as full prenatal visits but are conducted in the family's home by a physician, nurse practitioner, registered nurse, or physician assistant. As a result of this visit, families often become very committed to their health care provider and develop a trusting and long-term relationship.
The Brief Visit to Get Acquainted
An encounter lasting 5 to 10 minutes between the physician and expectant mother at the physician's office allows a brief meeting. The visit may include an introduction to other members of the staff and a short tour of the facility. This arrangement is appropriate for parents who are still in the process of selecting a pediatrician and are not yet ready for more extensive involvement. Such a visit may not provide enough time to cover all of the desirable elements listed above, but the pediatrician can offer to extend the visit or schedule a longer visit on another occasion when the father may attend.
The Basic Contact Visit or Telephone Call
The initial prenatal contact involves the expectant parent calling the physician's office and, if the physician is accepting new patients, the physician or staff person describing the basic practice arrangements (this should also be part of the 2 longer visits). During the telephone call, the parents are asked to provide the following basic identifying information: name, address, telephone number, origin of referral, place and expected date of delivery, and type of insurance coverage. The pediatrician or the staff person also invites the parents to make an appointment to discuss any substantive concerns. If a sheet or booklet describing the practice is available, it may be mailed to expectant parents. In this common arrangement, the physician's services are offered, but they may or may not be accepted.
No Prenatal Contact
If no prenatal contact has been made, all of the objectives listed earlier may be addressed in the newborn nursery or at the first postnatal office visit. Although a sound health care alliance may be formed at this time, a prenatal contact is advantageous in the event of problems during the newborn period and what has become a shorter hospital stay.
Group Prenatal Visit
The concept of the group well-child visit can be extended to the prenatal visit. Arranged as a large group (eg, a monthly meeting in the evening) or a small group of 3 to 5 parents, the group prenatal visit encourages mutual support among pregnant women and spouses while providing a forum for information similar to traditional individual sessions. It has the added advantage of saving the clinician time and expense. Participation by a pediatrician in a prenatal class provides an alternative setting. Families with children may also find these group visits of some help to discuss sibling rivalry.
Medical and social risks for families and infants are decreased by an early and comprehensive prenatal visit. Therefore, the following recommendations are made to promote the prenatal pediatric visit:
It is important to encourage expectant parents to begin a professional relationship with their pediatrician. Pediatric practices should establish a policy on prenatal visits. Services offered can be flexible and designed to meet the needs of parents. In some cases, a full prenatal visit is necessary. For other parents, a brief encounter is sufficient.
A policy on charges for prenatal visits should be established and communicated to third-party payers and families. It may be necessary for the pediatrician and state chapters to advocate to insurance companies the importance of prenatal visits. Third party payers should be encouraged to acknowledge long-term advantages of prenatal visits, given the positive impact on the health of the infant.
The established policy on prenatal visits should be made known to local obstetricians and to expectant parents who telephone pediatricians to inquire about available services.
Pediatric residents should be taught to conduct prenatal visits during their training.
There should be increased research into the value and effectiveness of the prenatal visit, in all its different iterations and with different populations.
Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health, 2000–2001
Joseph F. Hagan, Jr, MD, Chairperson
William L. Coleman, MD
Jane M. Foy, MD
Edward Goldson, MD
Barbara J. Howard, MD
Ana Navarro, MD
J. Lane Tanner, MD
Hyman C. Tolmas, MD
F. Daniel Armstrong, PhD
Society of Pediatric Psychology
David R. DeMaso, MD
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Sally Longstaffe, MD
Canadian Paediatric Society
Peggy Gilbertson, RN, MPH, CPNP
National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners
George J. Cohen, MD
National Consortium for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services
Karen Smith
The recommendations in this statement do not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate.
American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health
(1996) The prenatal visit. Pediatrics 97:141–142.
Bradford BJ,
Benedum KJ,
Heald PA
(1994) The prenatal pediatric visit and pediatric residency training. Clin Pediatr 33:688–690.
Sprunger LW,
Preece EW
(1981) Characteristics of prenatal interviews provided by pediatricians. Clin Pediatr 20:778–782.
Serwint JR,
Wilson ME,
Vogelhut JW,
Repke JT,
Seidel HM
(1996) A randomized controlled trial of prenatal pediatric visits for urban, low-income families. Pediatrics 98:1069–1075.
Berger LR,
Rose E
(1983) The prenatal pediatric visit revisited. Clin Pediatr 22:287–289.
American Academy of Pediatrics, Work Group on Breastfeeding
(1997) Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics 100:1035–1039.
American Academy of Pediatrics, Task Force on Circumcision
(1999) Circumcision policy statement. Pediatrics 103:686–693.
Dershewitz RA
(1996) The pediatric prenatal visit: a time for change? Pediatrics 98:1195–1996.
Copyright © 2001 American Academy of Pediatrics
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7 People Who've Broken Up Because Of Religion Reveal What That Was Like For Them
Establishing Dating Guidelines for Your Teen
The pains of being pure at heart: Young Christians reveal the difficulties of modern dating
France vows to deport family of Muslim girl 'beaten for dating a Christian'
Dating, Sex Before Marriage, And The Christian Relationship Myth
Jesus Is Ruining My Love Life: Is Religion a Deal-Breaker?
Would You Date Someone From A Different Religion?
No M. All Rights Reserved. Two interfaith couples recount their love stories and share advice on how to navigate these relationships. The couple started out as colleagues in the hotel industry, but only got to know each other when they formed a band with their co-workers, with Jude on the guitar and Mei Yan on vocals. We always seemed to have other things to talk about that were more crucial to our relationship, like communication and respect. Mei Yan: My parents love Jude. At the start of our relationship, I asked my mum if our religious or racial difference bothered her.
Emerging adults are increasingly cohabiting, but few studies have considered the role of social context in the formation of their views of cohabitation. Drawing on 40 semi-structured interviews with dating couples, we explored the role of romantic partners, family, and peers on evaluations of cohabitation. The influence of family in the formation of cohabitation views was evident through a variety of mechanisms, including parental advice, social modeling, religious values, and economic control.
CLEO dating different religion. You've gotta have Jude: My family is perfectly fine with Mei Yan and my mum loves talking to her. My extended.
Dating is tricky and very complicated. There are a lot of factors to take into consideration. There are so many ways to meet someone these days: online, through an app, by speed dating, being set up on a blind date, and more. From there, though, you are talking to a complete stranger. Many people gauge dating potential by physical looks, charming character, or a great sense of humor.
Does that have any effect on your dating decisions? It did not have that big of an effect on me. My mom had always stressed to me that dating someone who shared the same religious beliefs as me would help the relationship.
About Follow Donate. Polling and Analysis. Adults in religiously mixed marriages are, by and large, less religious than their counterparts who are married to spouses who share their faith.
The family unit is the most important foundation of Greek society, providing emotional and economic support to the Marriage and Dating In , it became possible to register civil partnerships without having a religious ceremony.
Like most people, I have a handful of deal breakers — personality traits or lifestyle choices that, while I don't judge the person for them, I know will make us romantically incompatible. Near the very top of that is someone who is very religious. That's pretty much an automatic no-go for me. Just to be clear, if someone is serious about their spiritual practice, I think that's great.
However, I know myself well enough to be honest that the friction our different beliefs would cause would eventually lead us to be broken up because of religion. So, to save my heart and those of others, I just don't go there. Other folks, however, have not been so lucky.
The John Delusion. Referrals Believer Alive. Articles Spiritual Intimacy.
This study examines how various forms of personal religiosity and the family's religious environment influence dating. Using data from the National Study of.
By Chris Pleasance for MailOnline. France 's interior minister has vowed to deport the family of a Bosnian Muslim girl who was allegedly beaten and had her head shaved for dating a Christian. Gerald Darmanin, France's interior minister, has vowed to deport the girl's relatives because 'they have no reason to be on our soil'. The case began several months ago when the girl, who came to France from Bosnia and Herzegovina with her family in , began dating the Christian boy in secret.
Fearing reprisals from her family, the girl fled to go and live with the year-old boy on August 13, Le Parisien reports. Four days later, she agreed to go back to her family home alongside the boy and his parents to try and reconcile. But, she told police, her family instead attacked her – with her relatives kicking and punching her in the head and body. The girl claims her father then took a pair of shears and asked her uncle to cut off her long hair. Her boyfriend ran out of the house and called police, who arrived on the scene a short time later.
The girl's family are accused of trying to hide her from officers, who eventually found her and arrested the father, uncle, mother and aunt. The four have now been charged with violence against a minor, while the girl has been placed in protective custody. Tensions remain high between Bosnian Muslims – also known as Bosniaks – and Christians, 25 years on from the Bosnian War.
We should all be ready and willing to settle, because nobody is going to be perfect. But we're also entitled to a few deal-breakers. On the subject of good, available men, single women in their thirties don't need to be reminded that the pickings are slim. Many of us have accepted that if we want to have a child with a partner — while our clocks are ticking like the bells of Westminster Abbey — we may have to compromise instead of waiting around for the elusive Mr. But just how much settling is too much?
I really thought by now I'd be married to my childhood fantasy Mr.
Most Christian parents tend to fall into two different camps when it comes to teen dating. Some believe that dating is never appropriate and encourage their.
Latest family articles and help. Weekly CBN. You both feel the attraction building up. What do you do? Now is not the time to decide! You must decide before you go on the date what your limits will be. Take II Cor. Don't team up with those who are unbelievers. How can righteousness be a partner with wickedness? How can light live with darkness? If you fall in love, what will you do? Are you spending time with God? Do you depend on Him to meet your needs of love and security?
At a time when American society has become less religious , many people still say shared religious beliefs are an important ingredient for marital success. But married adults point to other factors, such as shared interests and even sharing household chores, as bigger keys to a successful marriage. But, overall, larger percentages of Americans rank other factors higher as key ingredients to a successful marriage.
We asked respondents how important each of seven factors including sharing religion is to marital success.
Family. What happens when you fall in love across the religious divide? People assume that, because we are of different faiths, we must have.
What role should parents play to steer a child away from the traps in the most popular sport for many teens—the dating game? In the fading twilight, the headlights of an approaching car reminded Bill to reach for the dashboard and turn on his lights. As the horde of rush-hour cars streamed by, Bill reminisced about the teenage daughter he had just picked up from band practice. He smiled as he thought about all those after-school trips over the last few years: dance classes, piano practices, the unending cycle of softball games and tournaments.
Her childhood has passed so quickly. Usually Bill and his daughter made small talk on their brief ride home. Not tonight. Bill was concerned about the growing emotional distance between them. Sure, he knew this gap was normal for teenagers and their parents. He hoped the conversation he was about to initiate would help close that gap. He had prayed for an opportunity to talk to her alone—without her three brothers around.
This was it.
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Bai, J., E. P. Eyisi, Y. Xue, and X. Koutsoukos, "Dynamic Tuning Retransmission Limit of IEEE 802.11 MAC Protocol for Networked Control Systems", Third IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom), 2010.
Wellons, J., and Y. Xue, "The Impact of Topology on Routing Efficiency in Wireless Mesh Networks (poster)", The Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (Mobicom) 2010 with ACM SIGMOBILE, Chicago, IL, 09/2010.
Wellons, J., and Y. Xue, "Oblivious Routing for Wireless Mesh Networks", IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Beijing, China, May, 2008.
Jiang, S., and Y. Xue, "Optimal Wireless Network Restoration Under Jamming Attack", 18th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN), San Francisco, CA, 08/2009.
Jiang, S., Y. Xue, and J. Wellons, "Quantitative Measurement of Routing Restoration Strategies for Multi-hop Wireless Networks", Proc. of Wimesh 2009, Rome, Italy, June, 2009.
Jiang, S., Y. Xue, A. Giani, and R. Bajcsy, "Robust Medical Data Delivery for Wireless Pervasive Healthcare", IEEE International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing (International Workshop on Smart Homes for Tele-Health (SmarTel) co-located with), Chengdu, China, 12/2009.
Wellons, J., and Y. Xue, "Towards Robust and Efficient Routing in Multi-Radio, Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks", IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE INFOCOM 2011) Mini-Conference, Shanghai, China, 04/2011.
Li, X., Y. Xue, and B. Malin, "Towards Understanding the Usage Pattern of Web-based Electronic Medical Record Systems", The Third International IEEE WoWMoM Workshop on Interdisciplinary Research on E-Health Services and Systems, 2011.
Bai, J., E. P. Eyisi, Y. Xue, and X. Koutsoukos, "Distributed Sampling Rate Adaptation for Networked Control Systems", The First International Workshop on Cyber-Physical Networking Systems(CPNS) in conjunction with INFOCOM, 2011.
Riley, D., E. Emeka, J. Bai, X. Koutsoukos, Y. Xue, and J. Sztipanovits, "Networked Control System Wind Tunnel (NCSWT) - An evaluation tool for networked multi-agent systems", Fourth International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques (SIMUTools), 2011.
Bai, J., and Y. Xue, "Understanding the Impact of Neighborhood Information on End-to-End Fairness in Multi-hop Wireless Networks", ICCCN Workshop on Wireless Mesh and Ad Hoc Networks (WiMAN), 2011.
Jiang, S., Y. Xue, and D. C. Schmidt, "Minimum Disruption Service Composition and Recovery in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks", Computer Networks, Special Issue on Autonomic and Self-Organizing Systems, vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 1665, 07/2009.
Wellons, J., and Y. Xue, "Node Placement in Robust Routing with Wireless Mesh Networks", Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 2011.
Wellons, J., and Y. Xue, "The Robust Joint Solution for Channel Assignment and Routing for Wireless Mesh Networks With Time Partitioning", Ad Hoc Networks, 2011.


Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has praised 18-year-old striker Kylian Mbappe, claiming he could become a player like Pele.
Mbappe, who joined PSG on a season-long loan from Monaco on deadline day with a clause for the club to buy him for €180 million plus bonuses next summer, has become one of the world's most sought-after teenagers.
And Wenger insists that there are comparisons to make with arguably the world's greatest player of all-time, Pele, who broke into the Santos team aged 15 in 1956 and won the World Cup with Brazil two years later -- scoring a brace in the final.
"He [Mbappe] can be like Pele, there are no limits to his game," the 67-year-old told French TV show Telefoot on Saturday. "We can already see the difference in the calls he makes [to receive the ball]. He scores but he also creates -- only the very best players can do this.
Wenger has been tracking the striker for some time and revealed he almost signed him for Arsenal a few years ago, but he continues to be impressed with Mbappe's rise even if a summer deal was too expensive for the Gunners.
"€180m is a little high for us," he added. "For 90 percent of players, their career depends on their choice of club. Kylian is part of the 10 percent where any choice he makes will be a good one."
Mbappe made his name on the international football scene last season as part of a Monaco side that coach Leonardo Jardim led to the Ligue 1 title and the Champions League semifinals.
The striker, who did not become a regular starter under Jardim until the second half of the season, scored 15 goals and added a further eight assists from just 29 Ligue 1 appearances, starting 17 of those.
Mbappe added a further six goals from as many Champions League outings -- just three starts -- plus three goals from three Coupe de la Ligue appearances and two goals from three Coupe de France outings, making a total of 26 goals and eight assists from 41 appearances.
Information from PSG correspondent Jonathan Johnson was used in this report.


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MLB Baseball DFS Advice
DFS MLB Baseball Picks for August 18, 2021
ATLANTA, GA - AUGUST 10: All Star Freddie Freeman (5) of the Atlanta Braves bats during the Tuesday evening MLB game between the Atlanta Braves and the Cincinnnati Reds on August 10, 2021 at Truist Park in Atlanta, Georgia. (Photo by David J. Griffin/Icon Sportswire)
We have ten games today with the first pitch at 7:05 PM EST. Today's slate of games is highlighted by J.D. Martinez and the Boston Red Sox, taking Aaron Judge and the New York Yankees in New York. The highest implied run totals tonight sit with the Tampa Bay Rays (5.9), Los Angeles Dodgers (5.5), and the Philadelphia Phillies (5.4).
There is a less than 15 percent chance of rain for all of the games tonight so we shouldn't see any games delayed or postponed.
Here is a selection of today's Core Players 50-50 MLB DFS lineup for 8/18/21 (using DraftKings Values)
Pitcher Zack Grienke $8,100
First Base Freddie Freeman $4,800
Second Base Josh Rojas $4,900
Short Stop
Outfield Bryce Harper $6,000
Outfield Nelson Cruz $5,300
Zack Greinke – P ($8,100) – Grienke has given up more than one run just twice in his six starts. He will be facing a Royals team today that has a team on-base percentage of just 30 percent over the last two weeks, so expect a strong start from Greinke today.
Freddie Freeman– 1B ($4,800) – In his last four games, Freeman has four multi-hit games with two home runs. He will face a Marlins pitcher tonight who has a 7.52 ERA this year in Jesus Luzardo so we should see his hot streak continue.
Josh Rojas– 2B/SS ($4,900) – We are going to stay with Rojas again today, after he had three hits and a double last night, batting out of the lead-off spot for the Diamondbacks.
Bryce Harper – OF ($6,000) The price is high for Harper, but he is among the safest players in DFS. He has at least a hit in four of his last five games, with two home runs and a triple in that five-game stretch.
Nelson Cruz – OF ($5,300) Cruz is coming off a two home-run game last night, which was his third home run in four games. He will continue to face a weak pitching team in Baltimore tonight so he should have an opportunity for a big night.
What Do You Get If You Subscribe Now for $199 per year?• All-sport, all-access to FantasyDFSExperts.com for a month or a year• See our value picks as we've got an under $4,000 player that we think might just break out tongiht• Read our strategy on how to build well-designed lineups around a core hot hitters that allows you to spend big.• See our list of three players to avoid this week and WHY…
—— Paywall ——
The Pitchers
Marco Gonzales ($7,600) While Gonzales isn't thought of as a player who strikes a lot of people out, he managed to strike out nine in his last start, and he hasn't given up more than two runs in any of his last five starts. This is a fantastic price for that kind of production.
Charlie Morton ($9,700) – After a rough start to the season, Morton has really settled in. He hasn't given up more than three runs in his last seven starts, and he has struck out more than six batters per game on average in his last five games as well.
Shohei Ohtani ($8,600) – Ohtani has gone at least six innings in each of his last five starts, and he will face a Tigers team that after a hot streak in July has cooled down considerably getting on base just 29 percent of the time in the last two weeks.
The Value Players
Luis Torrens- C ($3,400) – Torrens has two home runs in his last three games, and also two multi-hit games as well. He will be facing a Texas starter tonight who has an ERA near 6 tonight, so look for the Mariners to score some runs.
Jorge Mateo –SS ($2,100) – Don't expect Mateo to hit you a home run, but he hits in eight straight games and multi-hit games in his last three games. He is the type of hitter who can turn a single into a double and a double into a triple, which is really advantageous when you're getting him at such a low price.
Alex Verdugo – OF ($3,100) – We have seen Verdugo largely move back into the top of the Red Sox order recently. He has hits in three of his last four games including a four-hit game just a few nights ago.
The Stacks
Boston Red Sox – With the Red Sox facing a lefty tonight, I would be looking to use Hunter Renfroe and Kike Hernandez to add to Alex Verdugo to make a nice lower cost stack.
Tampa Bay Rays – If you want to stack the Rays tonight you're going to have to pay up. We talked about Cruz, and I would be looking to add Austin Meadows and Ji-Man Choi as a stack.
Philadelphia Phillies – We talked about Harper, but to stack the Phillies today, I would look to Jean Segura who has been a very steady hitter all year, and Andrew McCutchen to balance out the cost of Harper.
Go win your lineup and tell us how you did. Twitter (@FantasyDFSX) is a good place for that


Danish minimalist. Our extra thin Juhl Dining Leg is perfect for small to medium sized dining tables that need strength while also maintaining a light and lofty look. The thinnest leg in our Juhl line, this Extra-Thin Juhl Dining Table Leg features a delicate two-sided tapering silhouette with smooth rounded corners for pleasing visual transition.
Finn Juhl was the godfather of Danish Modernism in America, designing and furnishing the Trusteeship Council Chamber, one of the busiest, most visited chambers in the United Nations' headquarters in New York City. His ideas have influenced the style of contemporary American furniture design, as well as American architecture. Our Juhl Extra Thin Dining Leg is homage to these relaxed, practical, stylish design ideas of Finn Juhl, and the influence that they have held over American designers.
Perfect for any minimalist, Mid-Century Modern, contemporary, or Scandinavian style environment, our Extra-Thin Juhl Dining Leg looks great in walnut or cherry, or in the traditional wood choice of the Danish, the oaks. Crafted from 1 ¾'' stock this leg is scaled for tabletops in the ¾'' range. Unfinished, sanded with 180-grit paper. Choose your finish.


Our residence halls and apartments are organized using location-based quads. Click on any of the below options to explore the unique offerings and features of each of our buildings.
If you are unsure of which quad your hall is on, browse the alphabetical listing below.
Presidents Hall on North Quad NEW FOR 2018-19!
Withrow Hall on North Quad NEW FOR 2018-19!


The applicant had submitted an application for international protection in the Netherlands claiming that he had been a victim of abduction and persecution on account of his being a Shiite Hazara. The authorities rejected the application finding that the Hazaras are not a minority group in Kabul and he does not belong to a vulnerable group. Consequently, he is reasonably expected to seek protection from domestic authorities.
On appeal, the applicant argued that the authorities should have investigated whether protection was actually available before concluding that it was reasonable to expect him to turn to the authorities for help. The Court agreed with the applicant and found that, although the authorities had indeed assessed the security situation in Afghanistan, they did not substantially reason their finding that authorities in Afghanistan can offer sufficient protection to their citizens.
The Court then examined the guidance of the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the security situation in Afghanistan and noted that the Afghan authorities are not in a position to offer protection against violence to the population and that the citizens depend on personal networks and relationships for their safety. It went on to exclude any exception for Kabul, the place of residence of the applicant, noting that the general picture that emerges from the guidance is incompatible with the finding that protection is available.
The contested decision was annulled and the case was remitted back to the authorities for a new decision.