text:
Labrador community 'in crisis,' more help needed as COVID-19 spreads: organizer
ST. JOHN'S, N.L. — A respected local organizer in Labrador's northernmost town says her community has been thrown into crisis by an outbreak of COVID-19.
The health clinic in Nain, N.L., was understaffed before the pandemic started, with three nurses on staff when there should be six, Jenny Oliver said Wednesday in a phone interview from the community.
With one nurse isolating because of COVID-19, Oliver said there are two left scrambling to deal with a rise in demand for testing, a shortage of testing supplies, and a community of worried, confused and stressed residents — some of whom have tested positive for the disease.
"My fear is that the nurses that we currently have are going to burn out and leave, and we'll be left with nobody," said Oliver, a youth worker known for organizing community events.
"If our province or our regional health authority cannot help and support our community members, I don't understand why they aren't calling out for the army to come in and help, at least to give some respite to the nurses."
Nain is Labrador's northernmost community and has a population of about 1,100 people — the largest among the five towns in the Inuit region of Nunatsiavut. On Tuesday, the Nunatsiavut government said there were 15 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nain and three presumptive cases. It's the first time Nain has reported COVID-19 cases since the start of the pandemic.
The Labrador-Grenfell Health Authority has not responded to a request sent Tuesday about the total number of health workers in Nain and how many are isolating.
Fifteen cases may not seem like a lot, but there are still many people waiting to be tested and many more are waiting for results, Oliver said. The community ran out of polymerase chain reaction testing kits shortly after COVID-19 exposures along the coast were first flagged on Dec. 26. That caused a huge backlog in testing, and some people waited more than a week to get swabbed, she added.
In late December, residents of Newfoundland and Labrador were allowed to maintain up to 20 close contacts. In a small, close community like Nain, those 20-person bubbles are going to overlap many times, and one infected person can unknowingly spread COVID-19 far and wide, Oliver said. The provincial government has since tightened rules, allowing households to maintain up to 10 contacts.
Health officials reported 479 new cases Wednesday. Of the 3,665 active reported infections in the province, 725 were in the Labrador-Grenfell Health region, which has the highest per capita rate of infection among the province's health authorities. The health region also has a higher infection rate than Quebec, which leads the country.
The Sheshatshiu Innu First Nation said during a local briefing Wednesday there were almost 30 active cases in its central Labrador community, with many other people awaiting test results. Sheshatshiu is also home to just over 1,000 people, and the town is in lockdown.
Oliver said she wishes Nain would go into lockdown, too. "Our community is in crisis right now with regards to our health," she said. "And I really want to advocate for help to come in."
Lela Evans, the Independent member of the provincial legislature representing the Torngat Mountains district, which includes Labrador's north coast, says she is worried about the spiking case counts in the region. She agrees it's time to bring in extra help.
Evans says she worries people in Labrador are more likely to have severe symptoms and require hospitalization compared with the rest of the province, because the region has traditionally been underserved by the health-care system.
"People have gone through decades of poor health care," Evans said in an interview Tuesday.
Premier Andrew Furey is a doctor and went to Happy Valley-Goose Bay earlier this week with a team of physicians to help administer vaccines. Both Evans and Oliver said they appreciate the gesture, but they wondered if it was the best way to help.
"I think we should have some help here in Nain," Oliver said. "We should have the same access to additional services and support as anybody else in this province."
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Jan. 5, 2022.
Sarah Smellie, The Canadian Press
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Montreal area realtor Emmanuel Samedy says he's never seen the market this tight, and it's pushing buyers to do things they may regret.
Gyms to gradually reopen in B.C., but indoor organized gatherings still banned: province
Gyms and fitness centres across B.C. will be allowed to start gradually reopening as of Jan. 20, the province announced Tuesday in an update on public health restrictions. Other previous restrictions, including the ban on indoor organized gatherings like wedding and funeral receptions, are being extended until Feb. 16. Bars, nightclubs and lounges must remain closed and capacity limits of 50 per cent are still in place for theatres and stadiums. Provincial Health Officer Dr. Bonnie Henry said sh
Theft, fraud charges laid in connection with financial irregularities at Mobile Crisis Services: Regina police
Police have laid charges against a woman after investigating financial irregularities at a Regina non-profit. The Regina Police Service (RPS) did not provided specifics of the crime, but the non-profit allegedly victimized, Mobile Crisis Services, said it was related to the payroll system. Mobile Crisis Services provides social and health crisis interventions in Regina. That includes performing child welfare investigations and being responsible for the province's help lines for farm stress and p
Pharmacists see slower-than-expected demand for COVID vaccine for kids 5 to 11
With a hoped-for return to school less than two weeks away, the pace of vaccinations for children aged 5 to 11 is slowing down in New Brunswick. Only 51.3 per cent of children in that age group had received a first dose as of Monday afternoon, according to the province's COVID-19 dashboard. Pharmacists have seen a slower than expected demand for first shots. "There aren't that many bookings. There are only a few hundred a day and that's spread around 130 pharmacies," says Jake Reid, executive di


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Q: Filter a value from dropdown reactjs I am having a multiple cards on my screen. Each card shows the string as "Popular"/ "Latest"/ "Old". I am getting these value on the card from the backend. I have to implement the filter option, which filter these cards on the basis of Popularity, oldest etc. I have done this till now, but not sure how to filter those cards.
<Dropdown
                          id="sorting"
                          items={this.sortOptions}
                          itemToString={(item) => (item ? item.label : "")}
                          onChange={this.onChange}
                          name="sorting"
                          label="All"
                          titleText="Sort"
                          type="default"
                        />
 sortOptions = [
    { value: "Popular", label: "Popular" },
    { value: "Old", label: "Old" },
    { value: "Latest", label: "Latest" },
  ];

OnChange Method:
onChange = (event) => {
    let filtered = this.sortOptions.filter(
      (val) => val.value === ProductState.Old
    );
    console.log("filtered", filtered);
  };

console ouput: Object { value: "Old", label: "Old" }
But i want to filter my cards, based on the value selected in the dropdown. Can anyone help me with this.

A: You just need to change your onChange function to this:
   onChange = (event) => {
    let filtered = this.cardArray.filter( // change cardArray according to your name
      (card) => card.tag === event.value // change tag according to your card code
    );
   setCardArray(filtered) // change setCardarray according to your setState function
  };

Basically you filter your cards state using the selected value of the dropwdown and update the card state with the filtered array.
Right now you are using the filter function on the wrong array.

A: I think, you have a data locality problem at the moment.
First make sure, where the data that needs to be filtered comes from and where is it stored.
The onChange method only "reacts" on the user input. For example, if you open up the dropdown and select an option, the onChange method gets triggered. The "event" in your onChange method contains the option that you just clicked on.
onChange = (event) => {
};
log the event to the console and see how you can access the data within.
onChange = (event) => {

    console.log("dropDownOnChangeEvent", event);
  };

Now you have to use the selected "sortOption" to either make the correct call to the backend where you get your cards from, or if you already have all data in your browser apply the filter method on this data.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Window frosting, or sometimes called window etch or silver etch, has many different potential uses.
Mainly people use window frosting in the home for its great privacy applications. It completely blocks the view both sides of the glass, so absolutely perfect for small or large windows near or in bathrooms, or used as a way to block out the view from the public outside if you want to make your conservatory completely your own space.
As well as giving that great frosted glass look it also allows the majority of daylight to pass through, so will not drastically darken rooms.
Used extensively in conservatories and also as a way for landlords and regular homeowners to section off rooms and areas to give a complete privacy solution without blocking natural light flow throughout the home.
Window frosting can also be cut into any pattern to give a semi private appearance, or just as a purely decorative window film.
See our range of designer decorative window frosting patterns for inspiration.
Every room and space is different so feel free to call one of our friendly team to discuss what your needs are and we will recommend the perfect film for your requirements.
Interested in our frosted window films? Get in touch with our team for a FREE quote on 0161 884 0572 or send us an enquiry online.


Last week we teamed up with Campaign to deliver the fourth edition of their Underground event series, the promise; unexpected voices in unusual places – a rare chance to be genuinely inspired. 'Focal recall: The art and science of mastering memories' certainly landed left-of-field.
Take a 19th-century horse hospital (turned iconic nightspot) by Camden market, line it with an eclectic mix of speakers – including psychologists, neuroscientists and a Grand Master of Memory – convert the old horse stables into 'memory chambers'; experience-led spaces where touch, sound, smell and taste are all engaged to create (or recreate) moments of nostalgia and emotional connection. Finally, fill the space with industry patrons seeking to unlock the power of memory; how humans create them, where and how they are stored, and how brands stand to benefit in an age of cognitive overload. Sounds like a blast, right?
So, what did Green Room bring to the party? If you've ever been in, or experienced an approaching thunderstorm, emotions such as excitement, fear, anticipation, even relaxation may immediately spring to mind. Using human-centred design principals, we explored how brands might go about creating strong links between abstract memories like these, to create immersive experiences that increase product engagement in the retail space – elevating desire and ultimately propensity to purchase.
As well as our CCO Mike Roberts taking to the stage to introduce Green Room insight, strategy and 'mike robots' – Mike's own, personal aide-memoire – we also took over one of the memory chambers to create the 'Eye of the Storm'; allowing us to bring on-stage theory to life through high-sensory interaction. More on this from Mike soon.
During the second session of the day MoneySuperMarket and Birds Eye, demonstrated their very different routes into leveraging nostalgia and deeply embedded memory structures to successfully connect their brands with today's discerning customer. MSM cleverly dipping back into many of our childhoods (Skeletor, He-Man and Action-Man) to negate any equitable brand heritage, to 'epic' effect, while Birds Eye celebrated the fact their notorious Captain 'became a hottie and know one knows how to handle it' – the thread that joined them and countless other brands right now being that childhood memories rekindled, sell!
A key campaign emotion trumps a key campaign visual every time! Campaigns that enhance positive, congruent emotions (leveraging the senses to create anticipation, surprise, or delight) create stronger memory structures that are better remembered.
Certainly if you ask my wife, my recall on exactly how certain (joint) experiences transpired can be a little suspect! There are a host of reasons why this might be the case – she doesn't drink by the way – but ultimately the brains storage is pretty efficient in not storing entire journeys, instead retaining the key moments within. In a world of information bombardment make your customer's journey simple and unforgettable by focusing on the key moments, make them emotional, make them memorable.
Mike talked about some of our work creating multi-sensory experiences in the physical space, as we know, bricks ad mortar is only one touch-point on the path to purchase. The big challenge is recreating some of these experiences – or at least triggering the same emotional responses – wherever customers choose to engage with your brand, further extending the memory.
At Green Room we obsess about the power of sensory design, whether for sport, music, automotive or beyond. And we know that relationships matter; from that first interaction to the reasons to re-engage, that's why we jumped at the opportunity to get involved in Campaign's Underground movement.
It ultimately turned out to be a very memorable day – to coin part of Mike's opening address; I was 'proud to be amongst a unique collective of individuals, focused on the power of the past, present and future.


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Association of smoking behavior among Chinese expectant fathers and smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant: a cross-sectional study
Wei Xia1,
William Ho Cheung Li1,
Wenzhi Cai2,
Peige Song3,
Laurie Long Kwan Ho1,
Ankie Tan Cheung1,
Yuan Hui Luo1,
Chunxian Zeng2,
Li He4,
Chao Gao5 &
Ka Yan Ho6
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. About 40% of Chinese expectant fathers are smokers and they rarely attempt to quit smoking. There is a paucity of effective smoking cessation services targeting this population. In this study, we assessed the smoking behavior of Chinese expectant fathers and examined its association with smoking abstinence after their partner became pregnant, which is an essential prerequisite for designing effective smoking cessation interventions.
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of three tertiary hospitals in China. Expectant fathers who smoked at least one cigarette per day for 1 month within the past 12 months were invited to participate in this study. The participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire that assessed their smoking behaviors before and after their partner became pregnant.
From December 2017 to March 2018, we recruited a total of 466 eligible expectant fathers, among whom 323 (69.3%) were identified as current smokers and 143 (30.7%) were ex-smokers. Using lasso regression, 19 features were selected from among 27 independent variables. The results of the selected multivariable logistic regression model showed that knowledge about the health hazards of smoking among smokers (odds ratio (OR) 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 1.58; p < 0.001), knowledge about the health hazards of SHS to pregnant women (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.97; p < 0.001), knowledge about harm to the fetus and newborn (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.25 to 2.03; p < 0.001), and being a first-time expectant father (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.85; p = 0.046) were significantly positively associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. Significantly negative associations were found for severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95; p = 0.036) and smoking only outside the home (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.98; p < 0.001).
In this study, we identified several factors associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. These findings can guide the development of effective interventions targeting expectant fathers, to help them quit smoking.
Evidence shows that exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes such as preterm delivery, spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, and even fetal death [1, 2]. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, there were approximately 1.4 million pregnant women in China in 2019 [3], and many of them were exposed to SHS. A study involving 2345 pregnant women in five Chinese provinces found that 40% of expectant fathers still smoked during their partner's pregnancy, and the percentage even increased to 43.79% after their child was born [4]. Another study of 1181 non-smoking Chinese pregnant women found that 75.1% lived with smoking partner and were regularly exposed to SHS [5]. To promote the health of smoking expectant fathers and especially to protect pregnant women and newborns from exposure to SHS, it is vital for health care professionals to implement interventions to help expectant fathers quit smoking.
Previous studies have suggested that expectant or new fathers might be more drawn to smoking cessation interventions that foster their own personal strategies for reducing or quitting smoking [6]. Interventions should be applied for men at this golden opportunity to help them to stop smoking and establish a lifelong healthy lifestyle [7]. A systematic review was conducted to determine the extent of SHS and interventions to reduce SHS among pregnant women in China [8]. The review identified five studies related to SHS prevention interventions to pregnant women in China, and these studies primarily focused on promoting avoidance behaviors of pregnant women and only one additionally included intervention in changing husbands' smoking behaviors [8]. Nevertheless, these studies showed no significant differences in quit rate between groups and thus, the availability of effective interventions to protect pregnant women from SHS in China is limited [8]. Previous studies conducted in Western countries have evaluated the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions for expectant fathers [9, 10]. The results of these studies have shown no significant differences between the proposed intervention and control groups. One possible reason for the non-significant findings might be that the proposed interventions were too general and not specific enough to motivate expectant fathers to quit smoking. Hence, a thorough understanding of the smoking behavior of expectant fathers and the factors associated with smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant is an essential prerequisite for the design of appropriate and effective smoking cessation interventions that can help these men to achieve a higher rate of smoking abstinence.
A systematic review of qualitative research examined the barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation experienced by women's partner during pregnancy and the postpartum period [11]. However, all studies included in the systematic review were conducted in Western countries and small sample sizes were used, which limited the generalizability of the findings to the population of Chinese expectant fathers who smoke. Moreover, tobacco use is an intrinsic and ancient part of Chinese culture; smoking serves a particularly important social function in the forging of connections among individuals [12, 13]. Most Chinese smokers believe that protective biological mechanisms specific to Asian populations make smoking less hazardous than for them than for other populations; many Chinese smokers also believe that it is easy to quit smoking [14]. Influenced by the smoking culture in China, non-smoking women are more tolerant of paternal smoking [15]. Hence, this cultural discrepancy makes it inappropriate to develop interventions targeting Chinese expectant fathers based on the findings from studies conducted in other countries. A review of the literature reveals that to date, no studies have examined the smoking behavior of Chinese smoking expectant fathers. In light of these considerations, the smoking behavior of Chinese smoking expectant fathers and the factors associated with smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant should be explored.
Aim and study design
We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the smoking behavior of Chinese smoking expectant fathers and to explore the factors associated with smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant. We targeted expectant fathers who continued to smoke or who quit smoking after their partner became pregnant. Expectant fathers who accompanied their pregnant partner to a prenatal examination at the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of three tertiary hospitals in China were assessed for eligibility to participate in the study. The selected hospitals in this study have the largest obstetrics and gynecology clinics in the study regions. This study was reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).
Expectant fathers were eligible for this study if they: (1) were aged 18 years or above, (2) smoked at least one cigarette per day for 1 month within the past 12 months, and (3) could read Chinese and communicate in Mandarin. We excluded expectant fathers who were mentally or physically unable to communicate. Those who self-reported as having resumed smoking, or who had an exhaled carbon monoxide level of 4 ppm or above (suggesting smoking within approximately the last 24 h) were identified as current smokers. Those who self-reported as having quit for more than 1 month and whose exhaled carbon monoxide level was less than 4 ppm were identified as ex-smokers.
Sample size estimation
According to previous literature, 50 of 328 smoking expectant father quit successfully after their partners got pregnant with a quit rate of 15.2% [16]. With a confidence level (CI) of 95% and significance level of 5%, at least 199 participants were needed in this study. The sample size was calculated based on the following formula [17].
$$ \mathrm{N}=\frac{Z_{1-\alpha /2}^2\ast p\left(1-p\right)}{d^2}=\frac{1.96^2\ast 0.152\left(1-0.152\right)}{0.05^2} $$
A demographic questionnaire was administered to collect participants' background information, including, age, occupation, family income, education level, number of children, activity level, and alcohol use.
A structured standardized questionnaire (Supplementary) was used in this study, which has been well validated in previous studies [18, 19]. The panel comprised an associate professor, an assistant professor from a local university, and a nurse practitioner in gynecology and obstetrics from a local tertiary hospital, all of whom had extensive knowledge of smoking cessation and obstetrics. In the structured standardized questionnaire, participants' health-related quality of life was assessed using the 12-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) as physical health status (PCS) and mental health status (MCS), respectively. The Chinese version of the SF-12 has been tested and shown to have good internal consistency (0.910) and reliability (0.812) [20]. Participants' nicotine dependency was assessed with the Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND), the coefficient of construct reliability for the Chinese scale has been empirically examined, with a score of 0.74 [21]. Smoking self-efficacy among expectant fathers was assessed using the Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-12). The interclass correlation coefficients of 0.95 and 0.93 for internal stimuli and external stimuli in the Chinese version were obtained, respectively [22]. Family support was evaluated using the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve (Family APGAR) [23]. The Chinese version of the Family APGAR has demonstrated good test–retest reliability (0.91) [24]. This questionnaire also covers the following areas: (1) whether participants have attended prenatal education and received advice regarding smoking cessation from health care professionals at a clinic, (2) smoking and quitting behaviors before and after the partner became pregnant, (3) intention to quit smoking, (4) knowledge about the health hazards of tobacco use to smokers themselves, pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns, (5) attitude toward tobacco use, (6) and risk perception toward smoking using a binary scale (yes or no).
To identify potential participants at each registration center, promotional posters were placed next to the reception desk, highlighting the nature and purpose of the study. All pregnant women were screened for their husbands' smoking status. Research nurses then invited smoking expectant fathers to participate in the study, after confirming their eligibility. After receiving an explanation of the study details, expectant fathers were informed that their participation was voluntary and without prejudice to them or their partner. Expectant fathers who agreed to participate were asked to provide their written consent and complete the questionnaire, including demographic information. The entire process required about 30 min and took place while expectant fathers were waiting for their partner to undergo a prenatal examination, causing only minimal disturbance to the clinical routine.
R programming language version 3.1 (The R Project for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) was used to perform all data analyses. Descriptive statistics were used to detail participants' demographic characteristics and their smoking profile. The frequency and percentage or mean and standard deviation were used to present categorical data and continuous data, respectively.
Lasso regression, a method of feature selection using regularization to minimize prediction error for variables and avoid overfitting, was performed to select variables associated with expectant fathers' smoking abstinence after their partner became pregnant from all assessed independent variables [25]. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Hosmer–Lemeshow test were used to diagnose and evaluate the goodness of fit of the selected model [26, 27]. Multivariable logistic regression using the selected model was then conducted to identify predictors of smoking abstinence in expectant fathers after their partner becomes pregnant.
Between December 2017 and March 2018, we screened a total 1979 expectant fathers. Of 631 who were eligible, 466 (73.9%) expectant fathers agreed to participate in this study and completed the questionnaire. Of these, 143 (30.7%) were identified as ex-smokers and 323 (69.3%) as current smokers.
Table 1 presents the demographic characteristics of expectant fathers. The mean age of participants was 32.5 (SD = 5.3) years. About 83.3% (388/466) of participants were employed, and 68.9% (321/466) had an education level of college or above. About 58.8% (274/466) of participants were first-time expectant fathers; 25.8% (120/466) of participants lived with other smokers, and the wives of 10.3% (48/466) of participants were also smokers. A total 70.6% (329/466) of participants received satisfactory support from their family whereas 4.5% (21/466) reported severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support. Among participants, 53.4% (249/466) attended prenatal education, and 54.1% (252/466) had received smoking cessation advice from health care professionals.
Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the participants (n = 466)
Table 2 presents participants' smoking profiles. Before their partner became pregnant, participants reported an average daily consumption of 6.4 (SD = 6.0) cigarettes. About 53.9% (251/466) of participants attempted to quit smoking before their partner became pregnant, and 33.7% (157/466) chose to smoke outside the home only. Once their partner was pregnant, 30.7% (143/466) had quit smoking for more than 1 month. Among current smokers, 52.9% (171/323) attempted to quit smoking but had relapsed, and 47.1% (152/323) did not attempt to quit after their partner became pregnant. The daily cigarette consumption among current smokers was 6.6 (SD = 9.3). Among current smokers, 36.8% (119/323) reduced their daily cigarette consumption by at least 50% after their partner became pregnant. A total 39.1% (94/323) and 15.5% (50/323) of participants had moderate or high levels of nicotine dependence, respectively. At the time of the survey, 67.5% (218/323) of smokers had no intention to quit within the following 30 days. The mean score of smoking self-efficacy among all participants was 38.7 (SD = 10.4).
Table 2 The smoking profiles of the participants (n = 466)
As shown in Table 3, participants identified an average of 2.06 (SD = 1.43) out of 7 health hazards posed by smoking to smokers themselves, 0.86 (SD = 0.95) of 3 health hazards of SHS to pregnant women, and 2.33 (SD, 1.93) of 7 SHS health hazards to the fetus and newborn. As presented in Table 4, about 66.5% (310/446) of participants agreed that smoking should be prohibited whenever pregnant women and newborns are at home. About 94.2% (439/466) of expectant fathers felt that they should quit smoking for the health of their baby. Approximately 90.8% (423/466) of smoking expectant fathers said that they believed smoking could negatively affect their health; 80.3% (374/466) and 70.8% (330/466) of participants believed that SHS could negatively affect the health of pregnant women, and the fetus and newborn, respectively.
Table 3 Knowledge related to the hazard of smoking and secondhand smoke on the health of smoker, pregnant woman, fetus and child (n = 466)
Table 4 Attitude, and perception towards the tobacco use of the participants (n = 466)
Factors associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant
Using lasso regression, 19 features were selected in the model among 27 independent variables (Fig. 1). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.913 (Fig. 2) and results of the Hosmer–Lemeshow test (p = 0.154) indicated that the selected model was reliable and acceptable for predicting smoking abstinence among smoking expectant fathers.
Features selection using the Lasso regression. a Lasso regression coefficients. b Lasso cross-validation (nfold = 5). LASSO coefficient profiles of the 27 features, including age, employment status, education level, annual family income, monthly alcohol use, regular activity, physical health status, mental health status, stress full events within 30 days, first time expectant fathers, living with smokers, wife is smoker, family APAGAR, prenatal education attendance, receiving smoking cessation advice, daily cigarette consumption before partner got pregnant, quit attempt before partner got pregnant, smoke outside the home only, year of regular tobacco use, knowledge on the health hazards of smoking to smokers, knowledge on the health hazards of SHS to the pregnant women, knowledge on the health hazards of SHS to the fetus and newborns, attitude to ban smoking at home where there are pregnant, attitude to quit smoking for the health of baby, perception towards that smoking can negatively affect my health, perception toward that SHS can negatively affect the health of pregnant, perception toward that SHS can negatively affect the health of fetus and newborns, 19 features with nonzero coefficients was selected
The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the smoking abstinence predictive nomogram
Table 5 presents the results of multivariable logistic regression with respect to successful smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. Knowledge about the health hazards of smoking to smokers themselves (odds ratio (OR) 1.39; 95% CI 1.24 to 1.58; p < 0.001), knowledge about the health hazards of SHS to pregnant women (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.97; p < 0.001) and to the fetus and newborn (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.25 to 2.03; p < 0.001), and being a first-time expectant father (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.85; p = 0.046) were found to be significantly positively associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. Severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95; p = 0.036) and smoking only outside the home (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.98; p < 0.001) were found to be significantly negatively associated with expectant fathers' smoking abstinence after their partner became pregnant.
Table 5 Multiple logistic regression analyses on predictors of expectant fathers' abstinence of smoking after partners got pregnant (n = 466)
To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the smoking behaviors of Chinese expectant fathers and the association with smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant. Our study results showed that more than half (69.3%) of smoking expectant fathers continued to use tobacco after their partner had become pregnant. In addition, among all smoking expectant fathers, 47.1% made no attempt to quit smoking since their partner was pregnant, and 67.5% had no intention to quit within the following 30 days. These findings show that it is crucial for health care professionals to develop and evaluate interventions that can first promote smokers' intention to quit and then to help them quit smoking step by step [28, 29].
Our study showed that smoking expectant fathers had insufficient knowledge about the relationships between smoking and health hazards of tobacco use to smokers, pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns. Consistent with previous studies [30, 31], the findings of this study provide further support that knowledge among expectant fathers about the health hazards of smoking and SHS to smokers, pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns are a main factor that is associated with smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant. Insufficient smoking-related knowledge, especially regarding hazards to the health of pregnant women, the fetus, and newborns, may result in low motivation and unwillingness to quit smoking among expectant fathers, even after their partner becomes pregnant. It is therefore crucial that health care organizations operationalize greater efforts and resources, so as to implement effective health education and interventions directed toward expectant fathers when they accompany their pregnant partner to an obstetrics and gynecology clinic. Specifically, health care professionals should provide education, to clarify misconceptions among expectant fathers about their smoking habits and reinforce their knowledge about the relationship between smoking and health hazards to their pregnant partner, the fetus, and the newborn.
The results of multivariable regression showed that expectant fathers who only smoked outside the home were less likely to abstain from smoking. A previous study showed that many people misunderstand that if they smoke outside of the home or not in front of others, this will protect non-smokers from the potential harms of SHS [32]. Therefore, smoking expectant fathers might wrongly believe that smoking outside the home is sufficient to prevent their pregnant partner and baby from being exposed to SHS; consequently, these expectant father did not have the intention to quit even after their partner became pregnant. Evidence shows that harmful chemicals on smokers' clothing and hair, which is called thirdhand smoke, can produce long-term harmful effects to the health of pregnant women and newborns [33]. Thus, information about thirdhand smoke should be provided to smoking expectant fathers in future practice, with the aim to increase their awareness about such long-term health impacts on their pregnant partner and baby, thereby motivating them to abstain from tobacco use.
The results of regression analyses revealed that males who were the first-time to be expectant fathers were more likely to quit smoking after their partner got pregnant. This might be due to the shifts in masculinity associated with impending fatherhood. The transition to fatherhood involved feelings of anticipation about their new paternal role before birth, which increased the eagerness of expectant or new fathers to make positive behavior changes to their smoking behaviors [6]. However, such feeling may be weakened in the subsequent pregnancies [34]. In addition, their previous experience of healthy babies born with paternal smoking during pregnancy and postpartum was at odds with the advice given by health professionals, which may increase their suspicions about the risks of smoking, and consequently weaken their motivation to quit smoking [11, 33, 35]. Health care professionals should therefore pay more attention to men who are not the first-time expectant fathers by assessing their intention to quit smoking so as to develop effective interventions to motivate them to quit smoking.
The results of multivariable regression indicated that severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support was a factor that was negatively associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers. There is some evidence that support and encouragement from the partner can motivate expectant fathers to quit smoking and increase the probability of successful abstinence [7]. However, poor family relationships and a lack of the partners' support might result in less concern among expectant fathers about the relationship between SHS and pregnancy complications or adverse birth outcomes. Consequently, such expectant fathers might have greater reservations about quitting smoking. Thus, apart from offering smoking cessation interventions, it is crucial to refer smokers with severely dysfunctional levels of family support to appropriate organizations for counseling and support, to increase the probability of achieving successful smoking abstinence.
There were several limitations to this study. First, we relied mainly on self-reported smoking status, which is less desirable than biologically-confirmed smoking status. Second, although we encouraged all pregnant women to invite their smoking husband to participate in this study even if they did not accompany them to a prenatal visit, some expectant fathers were reluctant to join the study. Further study may consider to explore whether male partners who attend prenatal visits are more likely to engage with educational interventions than those who do not. Third, the gestation age of the pregnant women at the time of recruitment varied. As this is a cross-sectional study, some fathers may have relapsed and recommenced smoking after data collection. Researchers may consider conducting a longitudinal study in future to monitor the expectant fathers' smoking status throughout the gestation period of their partners.
Implications for clinical practice and research
Despite the above limitations, the present findings have important implications for clinical practice and research. Expectant fathers may increase their understanding of their own vulnerability to health risks, emotional responses, and changes in their self-image, which may lead them to be motivated to bring about substantial changes in their health behavior, particularly in terms of taking greater responsibility for their own actions. As the tobacco use rate among expectant fathers in China remains very high, further smoking cessation interventions should be developed, implemented, and evaluated to help this population to quit smoking, especially during the teachable period while their partner is pregnant.
Our results provide useful recommendations for health care professionals in guiding the development of smoking cessation interventions. The findings of this study reveal that knowledge among smoking expectant fathers about the risks of SHS to the health of pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns can serve as powerful motivation for their abstinence from tobacco use. This suggests that educational interventions addressing smoking-related hazards, with a particular focus on maternal and neonatal health, are potentially effective and feasible to motivate smoking expectant fathers to quit smoking.
The findings of this study indicated that many expectant fathers still smoked during their partner's pregnancy, which might be attributable to a lack of knowledge and misconceptions about the contexts within which smoking and SHS are hazardous. Innovative educational interventions to deliver information about the hazards of SHS for maternal and neonatal health should be developed and evaluated, to improve the effectiveness and feasibility of health care professionals' efforts to promote smoking cessation among expectant fathers who smoke.
The relevant anonymized patient level data, full dataset, technical appendix, and statistical code are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author. Consent for data sharing was not obtained but the presented data are anonymized and risk of identification is low.
Lasso regression:
Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression
Confidence interval
SHS:
Secondhand smoke
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Shen Y, Jia J. Cigarette social, circle culture and social class recognition of residents. Econ Perspect. 2017;4:53–63.
Koplan J, Eriksen M. Smoking cessation for Chinese men and prevention for women. Lancet. 2015;386(10002):1422–3.
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Yin H, Chen X, Zheng P, Kegler M, Shen Q, Xu B. A neglected opportunity for China's tobacco control? Shift in smoking behavior during and after wives' pregnancy. Tob Induc Dis. 2016;14:39.
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Huang CL, Lin HH, Wang HH. The psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence. Addict Behav. 2006;31(12):2324–7.
Leung DY, Chan SS, Lau CP, Wong V, Lam TH. An evaluation of the psychometric properties of the smoking self-efficacy questionnaire (SEQ-12) among Chinese cardiac patients who smoke. Nicotine Tob Res. 2008;10(8):1311–8.
Cano A, Scaturo DJ, Sprafkin RP, et al. Family support, self-rated health, and psychological distress. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;5(3):111.
Chan DH, Ho SC, Donnan SPB. A survey of family APGAR in Shatin private ownership homes. Hong Kong Pract. 1988;10(7):3295–9.
Friedman JH, Hastie T, Tibshirani. Regularization Paths for Generalized Linear Models via Coordinate Descent: Lasso and Elastic-Net Regularized Generalized Linear Models. https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v033i01. Accessed 27 Aug 2019.
Mason SJ, Graham NE. Areas beneath the relative operating characteristics (ROC) and relative operating levels (ROL) curves: statistical significance and interpretation. Quart J Royal Meteorol Soc. 2002;128(584):2145–66.
Bertolini G, D'Amico R, Nardi D, Tinazzi A, Apolone G. One model, several results: the paradox of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for the logistic regression model. J Epidemiol Biostat. 2000;5(4):251–3.
Bottorff JL, Radsma J, Kelly M, Oliffe JL. Fathers' narratives of reducing and quitting smoking. Sociol Health Ill. 2009;31(2):185–200.
Perski O, Herd N, Brown J, West R. Does consistent motivation to stop smoking improve the explanation of recent quit attempts beyond current motivation? A cross-sectional study. Addict Behav. 2018;81:12–6.
Xu X, Liu L, Sharma M, Zhao Y. Smoking-related knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, smoking cessation idea and education level among young adult male smokers in Chongqing, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(2):2135–49.
Ahluwalia IB, Smith T, Arrazola RA, et al. Current tobacco smoking, quit attempts, and knowledge about smoking risks among persons aged≥ 15 years—global adult tobacco survey, 28 countries, 2008–2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(38):1072.
Burton A. Does the smoke ever really clear? Thirdhand smoke exposure raises new concerns. Environ Health Perspect. 2011;119(2):1–6.
Rosen LJ, Lev E, Guttman N, et al. Parental perceptions and misconceptions of child tobacco smoke exposure. Nicotine Tob Res. 2018;20(11):1369–77.
Genesoni L, Tallandini MA. Men's psychological transition to fatherhood: an analysis of the literature, 1989-2008. Birth. 2009;36(4):305–18.
Greaves L, Oliffe JL, Ponic P, Kelly MT, Bottorff JL. Unclean fathers, responsible men: smoking, stigma and fatherhood. Health Sociol Rev. 2014;19(4):522–33.
We thank the expectant father for their participant in this study. And we also thank Analisa Avila, ELS, of Edanz Group (https://en-author-services.edanzgroup.com/) for editing a draft of this manuscript.
This study was funded by the Sanming project of medicine in Shenzhen, China (Project number: SZSM201612018) and The MOE (MINISTRY OF EDUCATION IN CHINA) project of Humanities and Social Sciences, China (10YJA630004). They had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, and in writing the manuscript.
School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F, William M. W. Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road,Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
Wei Xia, William Ho Cheung Li, Laurie Long Kwan Ho, Ankie Tan Cheung & Yuan Hui Luo
Shenzhen hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
Wenzhi Cai & Chunxian Zeng
School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Peige Song
The People's Hospital Of Wenshan Prefecture, Wenshan, Yunnan, China
Li He
The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
Chao Gao
School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Ho, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Ka Yan Ho
Wei Xia
William Ho Cheung Li
Wenzhi Cai
Laurie Long Kwan Ho
Ankie Tan Cheung
Yuan Hui Luo
Chunxian Zeng
WX and WHCL contributed to the study design. WX, and WC contribute to the funding application. WX, CZ, LLKH, ATC, YHL, LH and CG contributed to the data collection. WX, PS and KYH contributed to the data analysis and data interpretation. WX and WHCL drafted the manuscript. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript for its intellectual content. WX and WHCL had final responsibility to submit for publication. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to William Ho Cheung Li.
Ethical approval for the study was obtained from The Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong / Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster (UW17–509). All potential participants were provided written information on this study and told that their participation was voluntary and without prejudice before written consent was obtained. All the information obtained from the participants remained confidential and anonymous. In addition, the dissemination of the study findings does not refer specific objects but the general source population.
No consent to publish was needed for this study as we did not use any details, images or videos related to individual participant.
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Xia, W., Li, W.H.C., Cai, W. et al. Association of smoking behavior among Chinese expectant fathers and smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 20, 449 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03148-8
Maternal and neonatal health
Tobacco abstinence association
Lasso regression

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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ACES Coders is an algorithmic programming competition in Sri Lanka organized by the Association of Computer Engineering Students (ACES) of the Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya. ACES Coders commenced in 2011, as a training event for computer engineering students to improve their efficiency and accuracy to participate in similar online competitions such as IEEEXtreme and ACM ICPC. With the increase in popularity it is now organized on an annual basis and today it is one of the largest coding competitions that attracts participants from the universities and higher education institutions all over the country. The event usually lasts for 12 hours where the contestants are given a set of problems to solve using programming and problem-solving skills.

Past winners

Awards
ACES coders award cash prizes along with certificates to the winning teams. The cash prizes have grown in size with years and the 2019 event came with a 150,000 LKR total split between the top 3 teams. It is predicted that the 2020 event will award cash in excess of 200,000 LKR.

References

Programming contests

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Vacation rentals could face ban
News, Tourism / January 29, 2018 January 29, 2018
Thank you Supervisor Gorin for being the only supervisor to stand up to the special interests (tourism & real estate) and represent the communities where families are being priced out of the market by investors and neighborhoods are collateral damage to the wine/tourism industry.
Workers can no longer afford to live here. Until the county has over a 5{5fc40a96f14c4a6aa4c2a32569b0a57dcc67c0b31eb04c341474283f11b6cdd2} vacancy rate we support a total ban of any vacation rentals. With property taxes taking a big hit and pension costs taking more each year (Gullixson: What is being squeezed out to pay increasing pension costs? ) expect reduced services county wide, road repairs, safety officers and more to lag behind funding.
So do we need more tourism with low wages, long commute times for workers, rising housing costs due to investors and neighborhoods being hollowed out with vacation rentals? NO.
SONOMA COUNTY »
Board considers plan to preserve housing supply
J.D. MORRIS
THE PRESS DEMOCRAT
Tourism traffic impacts neighborhoods as drivers seeks to escape gridlock.
Sonoma County officials are considering a multi-year ban on new vacation rentals in unincorporated areas burned by the October wildfires in a bid to prevent the sites of destroyed homes from being purchased by people who don't plan to live there.
The measure comes as a greater number of properties burned in the fires go up for sale, and as a short-term ban on new vacation rentals, first authorized by the Board of Supervisors in the weeks after the fires, is set to expire Feb. 3. Most supervisors were unwilling this week to extend the temporary moratorium beyond that date, but the board directed staff members to develop plans for a longer-term prohibition of new vacation rentals in areas outside cities where hundreds of homes were lost more than three months ago.
Supervisor Susan Gorin, an ardent supporter of vacation rental restrictions after the fires, said she's heard strong interest in such a ban from residents in her district, which includes the Sonoma Valley, a popular tourist destination. Her support stems in part from an acknowledgment that some owners of the more than 5,100 homes lost in the county won't rebuild due to financial challenges or other difficulties.
"I could just see the handwriting on the walls: That as the for sale signs pop up, investors will scoop them up with the thought that they are going to build very large homes to be used as vacation rentals," said Gorin, who lost her own home in the fires. "They know that, in the end, those areas will recover, so why not monetize the asset now? I want to make sure that we give absolute first priority to the families who lost homes."
Gorin was the only supervisor who voted Tuesday against allowing the temporary moratorium to expire. The ban did not include the Sonoma Coast or the Russian River area. In an interview, Gorin said she thought the board's move was premature, with many fire victims "still unsettled," and that she would have agreed to extend the temporary ban for a full year, as allowed by state law.
Glen Ellen resident Ed Davis has urged supervisors to extend the moratorium once more, fearing a possible vacation rental "land rush" before the county can prohibit them in the burn zones for a few years.
"They've created a window that speculators are going to capitalize on," said Davis, who's helped find housing for members of his community who lost their homes in October. "They just need to pause so that, while these new regulations and modifications are considered, they haven't left this crack in the system that speculators will flood through."
But Diana Gorsiski, past president of the North Bay Association of Realtors, worried that putting too many restrictions on vacation rentals, even in the burned areas, could impede homeowners' private property rights, though she stressed the organization hadn't taken any position on the proposal discussed by supervisors.
"When we restrict homeowners with what they can do with their property, we don't think that actually helps the housing situation," said Gorsiski, a local real estate agent. "I can tell you firsthand: People buying in these areas are people who just want to build a home. Nobody's talked about it being a vacation rental home. That's not on anybody's mind at the moment."
Inside city limits in Santa Rosa, where about 3,000 homes were lost in the fires, dozens of burned homesites have gone up for sale in the Fountaingrove and Coffey Park neighborhoods. The early buyers include builders and investors, who want to flip the properties, according to real estate agents.
County officials are concerned that plenty of the affected homesites outside city limits could be attractive spots for new vacation rentals. For Board of Supervisors Chairman James Gore, who represents the northern county and much of the Tubbs fire zone, its neighborhoods such as the Mark West Springs area that present the most risk.
Many residents in those areas want to ensure their neighborhoods remain residential when they're rebuilt, fueling Gore's support for a vacation rental ban there, he said.
"I'm not going to jump into the world of saying we have to put a moratorium on (vacation rentals) countywide, because there are, in my mind, appropriate places," Gore said. "(But) I am hearing loud and clear from my constituents who have organized in these burn areas and share information with thousands of people that this is something they would like to pursue, and I'm going to champion it for them."
The county already allows neighborhoods to form special zones where vacation rentals aren't allowed — an option embraced by sections of Glen Ellen, Kenwood and other neighborhoods that hold appeal for overnight visitors. But fees to form such zones can rise to about $10,000, prompting complaints from some neighborhoods that want the zoning designation but don't have the money for it, supervisors said. "It's a matter of accounting," said Tennis Wick, the county's planning director, explaining the county's costs in establishing such designations. "This process has a cost. The organization can absorb it, but that would be something we would need to talk about with the (County Admin-istrator's Office) and the use of general funds to support that."
While hoping to make the process more affordable for local residents, Gorin has also expressed interest in expanding some of the existing zones in her district where vacation rentals aren't allowed, and designating new ones where neighborhoods want them. Gore said he may take a similar approach in his district.
At the same time, officials have actively encouraged owners of the county's more than 1,400 permitted vacation rentals to rent their properties to displaced fire victims instead of tourists.
In December, Supervisor Shirlee Zane, then the board chairwoman, sent a letter to vacation rental owners asking them to consider making their properties available for rent on a long-term basis and to tell county planning staff if they were doing so. Over the next month, nearly 90 owners reported renting out their vacation rentals, and most are already housing a fire victim for a year and a half to two years, according to county staff.
But there are difficulties in that solution, as well.
Davis said he heard from one vacation rental owner interested in offering their five-bedroom house for rent to fire victims at 50 percent off. Even with the reported steep discount, rent for that home would have been $12,000 a month, according to Davis.
"I've heard versions of that story again and again," he said.
But Gorsiski said she personally knew of several vacation rental owners who charged nothing in the firestorm's aftermath.
"We had an outpouring of people who were very generous and offering their property free of charge to fire victims until they could get back on their feet," she said.
Moving forward, Davis said county officials may be able to balance the interests of tourism and the housing supply through further promotion of hosted rentals, where the property owner lives on site. Supervisors previously exempted hosted rentals when they extended the vacation rental ban by two months in December.
You can reach Staff Writer J.D. Morris at 707-521-5337 or jd.morris@ pressdemocrat.com. On Twitter @thejdmorris.


text:
The art of veterinary medicine
There is an art to deciphering the meaning behind the dots, squiggles and blobs of a magnified urine or blood sample, and it is a skill that can not only be a struggle to learn, but to teach.
Meghan Sired
Dr. Nicole Fernandez (MVetSc), a clinical pathologist and an associate professor at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Saskatchewan (USask), has seen many students struggle to look at a cytology slide—a slide containing a cluster of cells—and understand what they're seeing.
Dr. Nicole Fernandez (MVetSc), a clinical pathologist and an associate professor at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine at USask. (Photo: Submitted)
"The issue is that observational skills are not explicitly taught, but students are expected to be, or to become, good observers," said Fernandez. "Some students may do this naturally, but others may not."
In 2017, Fernandez and three of her WCVM colleagues, Drs. Hilary Burgess (DVSc), Ryan Dickinson (DVM) and Melissa Meachem (MVetSc), formed a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) cluster through the university's Gwenna Moss Centre for Teaching and Learning and began working together to learn more about helping students develop their observational skills.
Wendy James, the manager of professional and curriculum development at the Gwenna Moss Centre, describes a cluster as a faculty-led group that receives up to $5,000 per year for two years to research topics that focus on teaching and learning.
James said an individual staff member from the Gwenna Moss Centre is assigned to each cluster and support is also provided through the newly opened Jane and Ron Graham School for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the College of Education.
Wendy James, the manager of professional and curriculum development at the Gwenna Moss Centre at USask. (Photo: Submitted)
Fernandez's cluster found previous studies that successfully used fine arts instruction to help medical students develop observational skills and one paper that documented using similar methods with veterinary students.
This approach intrigued Fernandez and her colleagues. To find out if veterinary students could also benefit from fine arts instruction, Fernandez developed a pilot study with nine WCVM students enrolled in a third-year elective cytology course. At the start of the course, the students were asked to describe one art image and two cytology images. Then, with the SoTL grant funding their cluster received, University of Calgary art historian Marina Fisher led the students through a 90-minute session about how to critically analyze, evaluate and interpret art work.
The students were tested again right after the art class as well as at the end of the cytology course. Both tests showed the students improved and maintained their ability to describe the art image and either slightly improved or showed no improvement describing the cytology images. Fortunately, students still did well in the cytology class overall, but did not excel in the observational aspects tested.
"It looks like the art instruction definitely helped the students describe art images, but as veterinarians, that's not a skill that we need to have," said Fernandez. "There was some effect on the cytology images, although it wasn't statistically significant. So, intriguing results that showed there's some effect, and it is definitely worth investigating further."
Students at the Remai Modern in Saskatoon. (Photo: Submitted)
Fernandez is working on a bigger study with a more robust sample of 70 students, the whole second-year veterinary medicine class. If the second research study finds that fine arts instruction improves cytology-related observational skills, Fernandez anticipates this teaching method could be used to teach observational skills more broadly across the college.
"We have already added an optional field trip to Remai Modern as part of our second-year clinical pathology course," said Fernandez. "This partnership is really important because we couldn't afford to bring Marina in from Calgary every year, but we can go to the Remai every year. This same exercise has become part of the clinical skills course in Year 1 of our new curriculum."
SoTL isn't new to Fernandez, but she is still developing her educational research skills and appreciates being able to work with educational development specialists at the Gwenna Moss Centre.
"I can't bounce ideas off my colleagues because they're not familiar with the field either," said Fernandez. "So the Gwenna Moss Centre was a really good resource to have. Even if I hadn't been part of a cluster but was just doing educational research, I could have gone and talked to people there. And, because I'm not familiar with the body of literature, they pointed me to certain key papers and key findings."
The pilot study will be published in the Journal of Veterinary Medical Education soon and an advanced online version was published online in August.
The Gwenna Moss Centre for Teaching and Learning is accepting applications for new SoTL clusters and no previous SoTL experience is required. Accepted clusters receive up to $5,000 per year for two years.
To hear from renowned SoTL scholars, check out the SoTL Chat podcast, hosted by Dr. Rick Schwier (EdD), SoTL champion and interim associate dean, research and the scholarship of teaching and learning with the College of Education.


On most days, you can find me in yoga pants, a tank top and a sports bra...my "mom uniform" if you will. I remember going to a parent conference and my then 10 year old daughter asking, "Can you not wear the black pants you wear every day please?" If only she knew that her mom would eventually have a"dressy yoga pants" drawer for those times where I need to be presentable and the "I don't think I'll be leaving the house today" yoga pants where I'll be cleaning all day...because you know there's a difference.
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Reason Covers The "Gary E. Johnson" Ballot Substitution in Michigan
We have reported previously here at IPR that the Libertarian Party of Michigan and the Gary Johnson for President campaign have considered using a substitution strategy in order to circumvent a sore election law that is being erroneously enforced by the Secretary of State in Michigan. Now Reason is giving the strategy some ink.
Enter Johnson's knight in shining armor: Gary Edward Johnson, an investor and longtime Libertarian Party activist in Texas who has run for everything from community college board to U.S. Senate but never for president. That might change if the Michigan LP's court battle fails.
For now Texas Johnson is what's known as a placeholder, somebody who holds a spot on a ballot for a third party candidate until he or she actually qualifies. Texas Johnson's place on the ballot now guarantees that a a Gary E. Johnson/Jim Gray ticket on the Libertarian line will still appear on the ballot if the lawsuit fails.
This proposal is completely legal, according to ballot access expert Richard Winger.
This entry was posted in Libertarian Party and tagged Gary E. Johnson, Gary Johnson, Gary Johnson of Texas, Michigan, Texas on August 20, 2012 by Trent Hill.
← IPR Post #10,000 Reason: Meet John Jay Myers, Texas Libertarian For U.S. Senate →
58 thoughts on "Reason Covers The "Gary E. Johnson" Ballot Substitution in Michigan"
paulie August 20, 2012 at 07:38
Q2Q August 20, 2012 at 12:09
Again, why the hell did the LP nominate this dingleberry? The guy won't get on the ballot in Michigan, he hasn't spent any money on advertising (which, for a supposedly wealthy guy, he should be able to afford some), and he comes across as a real life version of Sceerch. Seriously, Lee Wrights would have been better this is idiot.
Robert Capozzi August 20, 2012 at 12:46
2Q, The Matrix has always been programmed to irritate you and you alone. Hence, GJ was nominated, LW not.
The sun continues to rise in the east, as well, even though you KNOW that North would make far more sense.
Richard Winger August 20, 2012 at 13:04
Actually, the Michigan Secretary of State web page doesn't list any Libertarian Party presidential nominee, even though it lists Libertarian Party nominees for other office. The Secretary of State has never even acknowledged that party's request to list Gary of Texas if the state won't list Gary of New Mexico. I think the lawsuit to force the Sec of State to print Gary of New Mexico on the ballot is very strong. I posted this morning that the LP of Michigan had asked for expedited action in that lawsuit.
I still have a right to bitch about a candidate I do not like that has been a nominated by a party of which I am a dues paying member. Besides, I find it annoying that the LP made a big deal about a candidate who can't be on the ballot in some states.
RevFatsax August 20, 2012 at 13:42
@5 It isn't your right we are talking about…it's you're wrong.
How am I wrong: Will Johnson be on the ballot in Michigan? Probably not. Will he be on the ballot in 50 states? Definitely not, the LP hasn't done that since Harry Browne was the nominee. Did the LP make a big deal about him as a candidate? Yes, they practically anointed him and proclaimed him to be the LP messiah. So, how exactly am I wrong?
Trent Hill Post author August 20, 2012 at 14:18
He'll likely be on the ballot in MI, as the SoS has no standing. I can't think of another state where he's likely to miss the ballot–except by some massive screw up. Also: He ust finished raising $250,000 for ads.
I agree with Trent. In 1980, John Anderson ran in the Michigan Republican presidential primary and the Secretary of State still let him be a minor party nominee in November 1980. The law hasn't changed since then. Anderson's party in Michigan in 1980 was the "Anderson Coalition Party."
So what if he just finished raising a quarter million, he is wealthy; he could've paid for some ads out of pocket in some of the inexpensive media markets.
The MI SoS does have a case: he was on the GOP MI primary ballot, MI has a sore-loser law, and Johnson had more then enough time to collect signatures to obtain access as an independent. Johnson should've done his research and should've withdrew from the GOP contest earlier. If he had, there wouldn't be a problem.
As far comparing Johnson's problem to John Anderson's problem, it won't hold up. When Anderson ran, MI did not provide an option for a candidate to obtain ballot access as an independent; which was the argument Anderson used. That is no longer the case, as MI does have a procedure to obtain access as an independent. So, Johnson really doesn't have much of an argument.
Nick Kruse August 20, 2012 at 15:12
"Will he be on the ballot in 50 states? Definitely not, the LP hasn't done that since Harry Browne was the nominee."
Your probably right about that fact. But instead of singling out Johnson, why don't you trash talk all of the nominees we have had since Harry Browne?
#11, you are mistaken. You are swallowing the allegations of the Secretary of State without checking into whether they are true or not. Michigan did have a procedure for independent candidates to get on the ballot in 1980. It was pioneered by the US District Court Judge who wrote McCarthy v Austin in 1976. That procedure was to submit the same number of signatures on an independent petition that were required for new parties.
Gus Hall got on the ballot in Michigan in 1980 as an independent candidate for president.
Q2Q…I mean, you got the first mainstream Caucasian American Libertarian who is articulate and bright and clean and a nice looking guy. I mean that's a storybook, man. OK, so I stole that from Biden…but he's never been a stickler for copyright laws.
If you disagree with GJ, that's fine…but from what I can tell, you just are crying because your candidate didn't win. Well…I feel for ya, but get over it. Lambasting a candidate for being wealthy isn't what this party is about. You dissented, and proud we all are of you and your rights. Now, if you don't mind…we have better things to do than defend our candidate to a bitter poster who wishes his candidate had done better. we have enough trouble defending ourselves from the romney crowd who think we are voting for obama by not voting for romney. The world is getting fuller and fuller of people who make less and less sense. Oh where art thou, Malthus.
Gene Berkman August 20, 2012 at 16:31
In 1981 I served as Chair of the Travis County Libertarian Party, in Austin, Texas. In 1982 I decided to move back to California, and Gary Johnson was elected County Chair to succeed me.
He had been active in the local LP group for several years before that, so he is clearly a committed Libertarian and we are lucky to have him involved in case the Michigan situation actually does require a substitution.
Was I the first person to suggest the substitution when I suggested it here at IPR, Richard? Or was that something that was discussed previously?
no, you weren't the first.
Jed Siple August 20, 2012 at 17:21
I believe I suggested it either here or on BAN. The point is: no matter what there will be a Gary Johnson on the ballot in Michigan.
William Saturn August 20, 2012 at 17:37
Ignore Q2Q. He is a troll.
Q2Q
Sore loser laws do not apply to presidential candidates, slates of electors are what you vote for in the general election.
Root's Teeth Are Awesome August 20, 2012 at 19:45
he hasn't spent any money on advertising (which, for a supposedly wealthy guy,
What about that million dollars pledge?
Didn't some anonymous person at Root's fundraiser pledge a million dollars to some GJ PAC?
Did that money every come through?
Greg August 20, 2012 at 19:46
The Reason blog also has an interesting entry up right now about the Libertarian Party contesting the GOP's status as a "major party" in Oregon. They also did a piece on John Jay Myers, Texas LP senate candidate earlier today.
Andy August 20, 2012 at 21:48
Hey, I'm not exactly the world's biggest Gary Johnson fan, but even I wouldn't sink this low.
I vehemently disagree with Gary Johnson on the Fair Tax, but even so, thus far his campaign hasn't been that bad. It's certainly a hell of a lot better than the Bob Barr campaign in 2008.
My complaints are solely based on the hype surrounding Johnson before he became the nominee, and how he just disappoints afterwards. Seriously, this guy was so unprepared and still hasn't gotten his act together.
Q2Q, please respond to the question I posed to you earlier: https://independentpoliticalreport.com/2012/08/reason-covers-the-gary-e-johnson-ballot-substitution-in-michigan/#comment-776679
JT August 20, 2012 at 22:41
Q2Q: "My complaints are solely based on the hype surrounding Johnson before he became the nominee, and how he just disappoints afterwards."
So you call him names because he hasn't funded his campaign out of his own pocket, he might not get on all 50 state ballots & most delegates to the convention wanted him to be the party's candidate for President? (I don't know anyone who has held him up as the "Libertarian Messiah"). If those are all your complaints, then your visceral reaction is very strange. Surely there must be some deeper problem if you're going to denigrate him the way you have. Either that or you're mentally off-balance. Which is it?
So, you want me to trash talk the everyone since Harry Browne. Let me see:
Michael Badnarik- a constitutional Nerd that somehow won the nomination, with no money and no plan. Gee, how can that go wrong? Considering that there was a radio host and a producer/filmmaker running who could ran better campaigns, what drug was the LP on when they nominated joe-schmo Badnarik.
Bob Barr- Neo-Con ex Congressman known for his anti-pot views, voted for the patriot act, supported Bush, and then flipped on this issues in order to win the LP nomination, when ot's clear he ran to piss off the GOP. Clearly a winner.
Still, neither of them hyped their candidacies as much as Johnson has.
Gary Johnson's Million Dollar Pledge August 21, 2012 at 00:53
I repeat what I said @21:
This is not a rhetorical question. This million dollar pledge was much trumpeted at the time. I'd really appreciate it if anyone with knowledge can inform us if that pledge was for real.
If this pledge was real, some details should have turned up in an FEC filing by now, no?
Does anyone know of this promised million dollars ever came through?
10 Q: So what if he just finished raising a quarter million, he is wealthy; he could've paid for some ads out of pocket in some of the inexpensive media markets.
me: First, while my understanding is that GJ has some wealth, my sense is that he's not super rich by any means. Second, when a candidate suspends his life for well over a year, that is a HUGE in-kind contribution. His son has done the same. Expecting GJ to throw more into the race seems inappropriate to me.
George Phillies August 21, 2012 at 05:59
@28 In a Johnson filing? No.
To JT: I meant the LP leadership practically (which is the key word) proclaimed him the LP messiah.
I'm actually pissed because this is the 3rd election that the LP has nominated a half-assed candidate with no game plan, no charisma, and no cash. What really pisses me off is that the LP leadership has hyped this dude and he's not living up to it. I'd rather have an unknown who would work hard to build the party than a half-assed politician whose not.
ATBAFT August 21, 2012 at 11:00
#31, the party members have to "build the party" not the presidential candidate. Johnson can inspire, he can visit, he can share contact nameshe can stand in Waco parking lots, but he then moves on. The existing infrastructure has to build the local party. The candidate has to inspire – which, as far as I can see Johnson is – but the perspiration needs to be yours.
Q2Q: "To JT: I meant the LP leadership practically (which is the key word) proclaimed him the LP messiah."
I don't recall that either. How exactly did the LP leadership "practically" proclaim him to be any such thing? I know some people in official positions in the LP who really liked him for the nomination & some who didn't. I know some who thought he could get more votes than any previous Libertarian candidate for President did. But I don't know any who thought he would win the election & deliver us a libertarian society, "practically" or otherwise.
Q2Q: "I'm actually pissed because this is the 3rd election that the LP has nominated a half-assed candidate with no game plan, no charisma, and no cash."
Well you have to choose from the choices that you have. It's difficult to get serious, libertarian candidates who are willing to actively campaign for months for a 3rd party that's tiny compared to the 2 major ones. I haven't found any of the candidates for the Libertarian nomination in the last three election cycles to be highly charismatic & none of them had raised much money to speak of when they got the nomination. You might think Russo & Nolan are exceptions but they aren't. IMO, Harry Browne was the last one who really fit that bill.
JT: I used the term practically, which can be synonymous with the term "everything but." So, what i meant was that the LP leadership did everything but proclaim him to be some weird libertarian superhero. I never said anyone thought he could win. But, the LP leadership did promote Johnson more then say, Carl Person or Lee Wrights. Seriously, they kinda hinted they wanted him for the nomination.
As for the previous elections:
In 2004, I think Russo could've won 400000 votes, maybe some minor media attention (more than Badnarik at least), but his charisma could've helped build the party by recruiting new members.
In 2008, I think George Phillies would've been a better choice. Strong Libertarian, promised to spend some of his own money, an he is very good at explaining libertarian ideals. He could've recruited some new members, and I do believe his candidacy was under-rated and should've been the nominee.
Thomas L. Knapp August 21, 2012 at 13:04
Q2Q @ 27,
"Considering that there was a radio host and a producer/filmmaker running who could ran better campaigns"
Well, that's just it — Gary Nolan and Aaron Russo didn't run better campaigns (and I say that having worked as communications director of Russo's campaign).
If they had run better campaigns than Badnarik, one of them, rather than Badnarik, would have been nominated. The definition of "better campaign" is one that beats the others.
I meant they could run a better campaign during the general election.
Steven Wilson August 21, 2012 at 13:53
I think the timing of the campaigns has always been a problem. I think being better is just relative. If you lost every race you entered, every campaign theoretically should've been better if winning is the only measurement.
1. Our conventions offer little time from nomination to election to build momentum into a national drive.
2. Party jumpers force LP members into a "learn about the candidate just like everybody else" mode of function which causes a delay.
3. With no money to secure brand equity or even borrow brand equity from another, our candidates are just noise in the national media.
4. The money value associated with ballot access and petitioners would be better spent on radio spots and magazine page ads. Our people on the ground use "labor" for things the other parties take for granted.
I would speculate that today it would cost a third party candidate at least250 million in advertising to get 15% of the general vote. And you still must take into consideration the character of the candidate, not just the buy-ins.
I believe that market decay to advertising is equal to electability in politics. Whether you agree with it or not, you must pay for that.
My clients don't want to hear a customer say "I didn't know you were in business".
Johnson must sell it better than those he is running against in order for this to be a better campaign.
Q2Q: " So, what i meant was that the LP leadership did everything but proclaim him to be some weird libertarian superhero."
I still don't know what you're talking about. I don't know of any LP officials who hyped up Johnson to the extent that you're suggesting. But I guess you aren't going to give any specific examples.
Q2Q: "In 2004, I think Russo could've won 400000 votes, maybe some minor media attention (more than Badnarik at least), but his charisma could've helped build the party by recruiting new members."
It's possible. I don't remember Russo as being highly charismatic or flush with campaign funds. He seemed kind of sleazy to me.
Q2Q: "In 2008, I think George Phillies would've been a better choice."
If by some miracle every LP member chipped in an average of $1,000, that would give the Johnson campaign $13mm. Can you do effective national advertising for that? I doubt it. So maybe we need to reconsider whether a national campaign is worth the time and effort? Maybe we get "the word" out better by having local candidates being interviewed in local news outlets four or five times a campaign cycle than by hoping one appearance by Johnson three hundred miles away is going to "educate" your local voters on Libertarian views?
JT: What? George Phillies was a good candidate.
Q2Q, you have so many opinions and thoughts, and that is wonderful…but none of them seem substantive, positive, or of any real value. I don't mean that in an insulting way, I am just pointing out that "What, George Phillies was a good candidate" doesn't say anything except YOU thought a thought…and again…way to go…but what is your agenda…to live in the past? If Wrights was your guy…and he lost…is it better to stew in your misery or work for the party on behalf of the Wrights faction who was well represented at the convention and is integral to the success of the party… I'm just saying, lead, follow, or get the hell out of the way.
@41 Amen!
@41 August 21, 2012 at 22:59
But sometimes it's more fun to sit in the middle of the road and bitch about the cars speeding past!
Adrien Monteleone August 22, 2012 at 02:32
@39 I too used to question the sanity of running national campaigns. But the reality is that they DO bring people out of the woodwork. #1 – the ballot access drives conducted for Presidential campaigns allow LP candidates to run, in some cases for four years. Where you lose this access, I'm not sure it's worth it. #2 – they drive membership #'s. I've seen this first hand in Louisiana. In two cycles now, our numbers are on fire, and that's without us actively registering people. We've grown 20% in 8 months. This slows to a crawl next year unless we find something to maintain the momentum. #3 – people get fired up about running for office. So we decided to capitalize on this plus the Ron Paul phenomenon this year and we managed to field five good candidates for Congress. (they all intend to run active campaigns) And we've got people still asking to run for local office. We'll begin targeting those smaller offices next year. It isn't about winning out the gate, we expect to fail for two-three years before we see our first victory at any level, and 4-6 at the Congressional level. But the more candidates run – at EVERY level, the more the brand is out there and the more people come to our side, and the more people want to run for office, which breeds more candidates and more voters. The job of party building is at the local and state level, but it sure is a heck of a lot easier with a high profile race to get people energized. The only thing that could have done us better this year would have been a Paul/Johnson ticket.
41 rev, great post! Bridging, I'd say there are basically 2 kinds of people: those who believe the "past is prologue" and those who believe the "past is past."
Q2Q sounds like a prologue-type. Whining and grieving about what might have been had s/he gotten her/his way. I find it a childish, ridiculous way to be, since of course the truth is: It is what it is. We can't know what the outcome would have been if RLW had gotten the nomination, and, in fact, we don't even know what the outcome of GJ getting the nomination will be! For all we know, GJ will somehow catch fire, Romney will be revealed to be a pedophile, Obama will admit he was born in Kenya, and GJ will be delivering his inaugural come January! :-;
This victim mentality that Q2Q displays surely appears highly dysfunctional to me. Unfortunately, the two most influential thinkers (still!) in the LM – Rand and Rothbard – both shared their victim mentality with us and we collectively can't seem to shake it.
I suggest Q2Q consider (re)reading the first L – Lao Tzu and his Tao. Rothbard recognized the truth in it, but apparently didn't get the core message. Q2Q has an opportunity to let go of his/her suffering.
Wes Benedict August 22, 2012 at 08:35
Without a Libertarian Presidential candidate, 90% of the voters in Alabama, California, Virginia, Illinois, and probably Florida and several other states would have no Libertarian to vote for–according to this list: http://www.lp.org/candidates-12
I've not noticed evidence that when a Presidential candidate fails to qualify in a state, the affiliate runs more candidates and elects more candidates at lower levels.
ATBAFT, are you working on local Libertarian Party campaigns? If so, which ones?
Capozzi: "Unfortunately, the two most influential thinkers (still!) in the LM – Rand and Rothbard – both shared their victim mentality with us and we collectively can't seem to shake it."
I don't know what you mean by either one's "victim mentality," but I think it's amusing that you constantly point to them as the root causes of what's wrong with the libertarian movement. It's a mistake to assume that most other libertarians followed the same path that you did.
Victim mentality, really? I answered a question from JT about previous elections, and gave my opinion. How the hell was I whining? Am I pissed that the LP nominates candidates that I dislike and are disappointing, yes of course. Do i wish other people won the nom, yes. Am I whining about it, hell no. And FYI, I was a Person supporter, so I'm not "obsessing" over Lee Wrights loss; I really didn't care who won, as long as it wasn't Johnson.
I'm just pissed the we invest time and effort into a presidential candidate who is a sleezy opportunist, who is willing to jump ship from one party to the next because he can't win the nomination. What about the lawsuit filed by a fundraiser against Johnson? What about his incompatibility with the LP's non-interventionist foreign policy plank (or does that exclude Kony)? What about his inability to pardon two libertarians who were arrested/convicted for wearing a LP t-shirt at a polling place? And let's not forget Johnson's complete and total unpreparedness when he was in the first GOP debate. Seriously, who wouldn't be pissed off that we nominated this dingleberry!?!
@50 "Seriously, who wouldn't be pissed off that we nominated this dingleberry!?!" Uh…well…not to put too fine a point on it…but "libertarians" comes to mind. Me, specifically, and the majority who voted for him at the convention? Dingleberry is such a grownup word…it makes me kinda proud that you are "with" us. Thanks for your input, please think about contributing monetarily as well as with your constructive criticism. Every dollar, as well as smarmy comment, help. As always, thanks. 🙂
#48, I certainly would if there was one. Asked the local county chair how I could help; said he'd be in touch and that was months ago. I'm supposed to speak on GJ's behalf at a coming Tea Party meeting but that's now contingent on him getting on the Penna. ballot.
NewFederalist August 22, 2012 at 14:34
Hey Around… you live in PA?
Q2Q: " Seriously, who wouldn't be pissed off that we nominated this dingleberry!?!"
I'd guess that only a small percentage of Libertarians are pissed off about it. Even among the minority who didn't favor him, I don't believe that many are angry about it or call him childish names. We know that most delegates to the convention aren't pissed off about it.
Then again, you favored Phillies & Person, so obviously you operate on a very different frequency from the vast majority of Libertarians.
49 JT, thanks. I don't necessarily assume that "most" Ls are, in effect, highly influenced by Rand and/or Rothbard, although my guess is their thought system(s) remain at the LP's core. The SoP certainly retains it.
#53 yes, in chester county
TheOTHERLibertarianGirl August 23, 2012 at 13:44
The Michigan Secretary of State put Gary Johnson on the GOP primary ballot, though Gary Johnson never asked or applied to be on the GOP primary ballot. she did it of her own I intimation without Johnson's permission. When the error of the Secreatry of State's initiate was discovered, Gary Johnson rushed off to have his name removed, but the time stamp was three minutes too late, a time stamp of 4:03pm instead of by the deadline of 4:00. And the sore loser law, which is being touted for reason to keep the original GOVERNOR Gary Johnson off the ballot, which ha been around since the 1950's was completely ignored in 1980 whe John Anderson ran in the primary, the changed parties when he ran for president, so there is precedence for this law being ignored on a whim by the state. The Michigan Secretay of State is a Republican, and I believe she is using her standing as an officer of the state in an abusive manner to suit her own political desires. She should be stripped of her position for her abuse of the position in which she was elected. Shame on her.
World Taekwondo Federation August 24, 2012 at 16:38
Will the real Gary Johnson please stand up?
wolfefan on George Phillies: January 6, 2021 – Our John Brown Moment?
George Phillies on George Phillies: January 6, 2021 – Our John Brown Moment?


text:
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 Altiplà de Chota Nagpur, altiplà a Jharkhand, Índia.
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