text:
Ukraine Army Claims It Was Attacked by Regular Russian Troops
By The Moscow Times
Ukrainian servicemen carry a coffin bearing the body of a fallen comrade, who was killed in the fighting in Luhansk region in eastern Ukraine, during a funeral ceremony at the Independence Square in central Kiev on Tuesday.
Ukrainian army units came under attack from Russian regular forces in eastern Ukraine on Tuesday and heavy fighting was taking place, a Ukrainian military spokesman said.
The announcement at a specially called news briefing was one of the boldest assertions yet by Ukraine of direct Russian military involvement in the nine-month conflict between pro-Russian separatists and government forces.
"In spite of preliminary agreements, Ukrainian military units were attacked in the north of the anti-terrorist operational zone by regular military formations of the armed forces of Russia," the spokesman, Andriy Lysenko, said.
"Heavy fighting is continuing near (Ukrainian army) checkpoints 29 and 31," he said, pinpointing an area near the town of Slovyanoserbsk, northwest of the city of Luhansk.
"Ukrainian forces have stopped the advance of Russian troops ... The situation in the conflict zone is serious but under our control," Lysenko said at a news briefing.
Three more battalion tactical groups of Russian motorized infantry had been tracked inside Russia heading towards the Ukrainian border, as well as an artillery division, he said.
Lysenko had no immediate figures for estimated casualties.
Ukraine's assertion that its troops were now engaged with Russian regular forces in its separatist-minded eastern regions followed a flurry of charges by Kiev that the Russian military was stepping up incursions to support the rebels.
Despite what the West and Kiev say is incontrovertible proof, Moscow has consistently denied that any of its regular forces are deployed in Ukraine.
The region around Luhansk includes a huge stretch of border with Russia and, with large parts of it under the control of separatists, is vulnerable to an inflow of military equipment and Russian forces.
Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk said on Monday that Russian-made rocket and weapons systems were pouring into the country and Lysenko on Tuesday said two battalion tactical groups, each of about 400 men, had crossed into Ukraine from Russia — a charge dismissed as "absolute nonsense" by the Russian Defense Ministry.
In a separate statement, the Ukrainian Defense Ministry said Ukrainian forces had withdrawn from one of the two checkpoints under attack and, with the aid of reinforcements, were trying to dislodge enemy forces.
Four-Way Summit Due
Ukraine's announcement was certain to ratchet up tension between Kiev and Moscow on the eve of a planned meeting in Berlin of four foreign ministers that should bring Ukrainian Foreign Minister Pavlo Klimkin face to face with Russia's Sergei Lavrov.
Wednesday's meeting, which also brings in the German and French foreign ministers, has been called to give fresh impetus to stalled efforts to end the worst crisis between Russia and the West since the end of the Cold War.
The crisis started with the popular overthrow of a Moscow-backed president by street protests in Kiev a year ago.
Russia subsequently annexed Ukraine's Crimea peninsula and threw its weight behind a pro-Russian separatist rebellion, leading to a conflict in which more than 4,800 people have been killed and the West has applied sanctions against Russia.
Ukrainian forces at the weekend launched a counter-offensive to reclaim ground lost to separatists near the international airport in the big city of Donetsk, bringing condemnation from Moscow, which said this had damaged the prospects for a four-power summit on the conflict.
Earlier on Tuesday, Ukraine's Klimkin pressed for further meetings to implement agreements reached in Minsk, Belarus, last September with Russia and separatist leaders including strengthening a much violated cease-fire.
Klimkin said separatist forces had abused the Minsk deal by seizing 500 sq kilometers (194 sq miles) of territory beyond agreed separation lines since it was struck.
Russia Calls Ukraine's Airport Assault 'Strategic Mistake'
Pro-Russian separatists renewed attacks on Ukrainian forces at an airport complex in the east on Monday after Kiev launched a mass operation to reclaim...


text:
Our staff in the media
Department of Politics >
Staff >
Professor Erika Harris PhD., BA
Professor Politics
Work email E.Harris@liverpool.ac.uk
Filter the publication list
Filter list by type
What is the role of nationalism and ethnicity in the Russia-Ukraine crisis? (Journal article)
Harris, E. (n.d.). What is the role of nationalism and ethnicity in the Russia-Ukraine crisis?. Europe-Asia Studies. doi:10.1080/09668136.2019.1708865
DOI: 10.1080/09668136.2019.1708865
Slovakia since 1989 (Chapter)
Harris, E., & Henderson, K. (2019). Slovakia since 1989. In S. Ramet, & C. Hassenstab (Eds.), Central and Southeast European Politics since 1989 (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Identity and war: comparisons and connections between the Balkans and the Middle East (Journal article)
Harris, E., & Baumann, H. (2019). Identity and war: comparisons and connections between the Balkans and the Middle East. East European Politics, 35(4), 401-414. doi:10.1080/21599165.2019.1676740
Harris, E., & Henderson, K. (2019). Slovakia since 1989. In Central and Southeast European Politics since 1989 (pp. 191-220). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108752466.009
DOI: 10.1017/9781108752466.009
Nation before democracy? Placing the rise of the Slovak extreme right into context (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2019). Nation before democracy? Placing the rise of the Slovak extreme right into context. East European Politics. doi:10.1080/21599165.2019.166770
DOI: 10.1080/21599165.2019.166770
Harris, E. (2019). Nation before democracy? Placing the rise of the Slovak extreme right into context. East European Politics, 35(4), 538-557. doi:10.1080/21599165.2019.1667770
Changing Borders in Europe (Chapter)
Changing Borders in Europe (n.d.). Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429492044
Nationalism and Democratisation: Politics of Slovakia and Slovenia Politics of Slovakia and Slovenia (Book)
Harris, E. (2018). Nationalism and Democratisation: Politics of Slovakia and Slovenia Politics of Slovakia and Slovenia. Routledge.
Identity, territory and self-determination in transborder regions of Eastern and Central Europe (Internet publication)
Harris, E. (2017). Identity, territory and self-determination in transborder regions of Eastern and Central Europe. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.30955.64806
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.30955.64806
Minority Protection in Postcommunist Europe: European in Form, National in Content (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2017). Minority Protection in Postcommunist Europe: European in Form, National in Content. H-Net Reviews, 1-3. Retrieved from https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=48917
Why has nationalism not run its course? (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2016). Why has nationalism not run its course?. NATIONS AND NATIONALISM, 22(2), 243-247. doi:10.1111/nana.12185
DOI: 10.1111/nana.12185
Paradox, controversy and national self-determination (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2015). Paradox, controversy and national self-determination. Politicka Misao, 52(1), 191-202.
What is New about "Eastern Nationalism" and What are the Implications for Studies of Ethnicity Today? (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2012). What is New about "Eastern Nationalism" and What are the Implications for Studies of Ethnicity Today?. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 18(3), 337-357. doi:10.1080/13537113.2012.707500
Nation-state and the European Union: Lost in a Battle for Identity (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2011). Nation-state and the European Union: Lost in a Battle for Identity. Politicka misao: Croatian Political Science Review, 48(2), 91-109. Retrieved from http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=107257
NATIONALISM AND INTERNATIONAL ORDER: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2009). NATIONALISM AND INTERNATIONAL ORDER: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE. FILOZOFIA, 64(9), 861-875.
Nationalism: Theories and Cases (Book)
Harris, E. (2009). Nationalism: Theories and Cases. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
'Democratic Transition in Slovenia: Value Transformation, Education and Media' (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2007). 'Democratic Transition in Slovenia: Value Transformation, Education and Media'. Unknown Journal, 66(3), 543-544.
Identity and violence (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2007). Identity and violence. FILOZOFIA, 62(6), 560-562.
Moving politics beyond the state?: The Hungarian minority in Slovakia (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2007). Moving politics beyond the state?: The Hungarian minority in Slovakia. Perspectives The Central European Review of International Affairs, (28), 44-62. Retrieved from http://www.iir.cz/display.asp?ida=348
'Rising From the Muck' (Journal article)
Taguieff, P. -A. (2006). 'Rising From the Muck'. Unknown Journal, 1(12), 104-106.
Democracy in the New Europe (Book)
Harris, E., & Lord, C. (2006). Democracy in the New Europe. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Nationalist Politics in Europe (Journal article)
Kellas, J. (2006). Nationalist Politics in Europe. Unknown Journal, 1(12), 104-106.
Democracy in the European Union (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2005). Democracy in the European Union. Acta Politica, 40(4), 480-481. doi:10.1057/palgrave.ap.5500084
DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.ap.5500084
Europeanization of Slovakia (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2004). Europeanization of Slovakia. Comparative European Politics, 2(2), 185-211. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110031
DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110031
New Forms of Identity in Contemporary Europe (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2003). New Forms of Identity in Contemporary Europe. Perspectives on European politics and Society, 4(1), 13-33. doi:10.1163/156803321465289
DOI: 10.1163/156803321465289
Escape from Invisibility (Journal article)
Henderson, K. (2002). Escape from Invisibility. Unknown Journal, 99.
Nationalism and Democratisation: Politics of Slovakia and Slovenia (Book)
Harris, E. (2002). Nationalism and Democratisation: Politics of Slovakia and Slovenia. Aldershot: Ashgate.
The Prospects for Liberal Nationalism in Post-Leninist States (Journal article)
Harris, E. (2000). The Prospects for Liberal Nationalism in Post-Leninist States. Slavic Review, 68(3), 668-669.
'Nacionalizmus a Demokratizacný Proces' (Journal article)
Harris, E. (1999). 'Nacionalizmus a Demokratizacný Proces'. OS Fórum Obcianskej Spolocnosti 11, 42-47.
¿Assessing the Compatibility Between Nationalism and Democracy in Post-Communist Societies: Some Perspectives from Slovakia and Slovenia¿ (Journal article)
Harris, E. (1999). ¿Assessing the Compatibility Between Nationalism and Democracy in Post-Communist Societies: Some Perspectives from Slovakia and Slovenia¿. Slovak Sociological Review, 31(6), 587-602.
¿The Slovak Question at the End of the Twentieth Century: National Identity, Political Culture and Democratisation¿ (Journal article)
Harris, E. (1998). ¿The Slovak Question at the End of the Twentieth Century: National Identity, Political Culture and Democratisation¿. Čarnijev Zbornik ed..
Work emailE.Harris@liverpool.ac.uk

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Zeidi, S., Hoseini, P., Rahmani, A. (2017). Study of Vibration Specifications of a Three-axle Truck Using Lagrange Method. Journal of Modern Processes in Manufacturing and Production, 6(1), 83-95.
Seyed Mohammad Javad Zeidi; Pedram Hoseini; Ali Rahmani. "Study of Vibration Specifications of a Three-axle Truck Using Lagrange Method". Journal of Modern Processes in Manufacturing and Production, 6, 1, 2017, 83-95.
Zeidi, S., Hoseini, P., Rahmani, A. (2017). 'Study of Vibration Specifications of a Three-axle Truck Using Lagrange Method', Journal of Modern Processes in Manufacturing and Production, 6(1), pp. 83-95.
Zeidi, S., Hoseini, P., Rahmani, A. Study of Vibration Specifications of a Three-axle Truck Using Lagrange Method. Journal of Modern Processes in Manufacturing and Production, 2017; 6(1): 83-95.
current model for other utilities.


It's amazing what can be made with paper, glue, string, and a little bit of imagination. From journals and sketchbooks, to paper flora, boxes, jewelry, letterpress and more, Cannibal Paper Goods is happy to work closely with our customers on custom orders. From the perfect gift to wedding invitations and decor, if you can dream it, we'll help it come into being.
Know what you want? Contact us! Looking for inspiration? Scroll down for some possibilities.
In the style of our original line of rebound books, have your favorite book turned into a one-of-a-kind sketchbook. We can turn any book you already own into a sketchbook - just send us the book, and we'll do the rest. Alternatively, we'll hunt down a copy of your desired title for you. We can also bind a sketchbook completely from scratch using new materials.
List-makers, writers, and artists know - not all journals are created equal. Our journals are designed to lie completely flat, allowing for every inch of the page to be fully accessed. Many different paper options are available with the option to mix and match, and we can create a journal for you that's virtually any size, from fit-in-the-palm-of-your-hand to takes-up-the-whole-desk.
A fun way to display your love for literature, or any other paper ephemera, from maps to love letters. Our paper flowers are all cut and constructed completely by hand, and can be made to nearly any specification - large, small, complex or simple. Orders can be as small as a single bloom or as large as needed - orders for weddings and events are welcome.
Represent your favorite books in a fun, subtle way! You can find an excellent selection of paper jewelry in our store, or contact us for a custom-designed piece featuring your favorite title. Paper jewelry is shellacked for longevity. A great gift idea, especially for bridal parties and special occasions.


Where can I find detailed specifications for the Fusion3 F306 3d printer?
Detailed specifications for the Fusion3 F306 3d printer are included on the F306 product sheet. The product sheet can be downloaded from the Fusion3 website HERE.


Want to see the demo level from the screenshots in the editor?
FIX: UnregisterAll. Now also all event handlers of OnObjectPlaced and OnObjectDragged are unregistered.
FEAT: read terrain paint height button in paint terrain height tab of the terrain editor.
FEAT: added OnTerrainCreated to LE_EventInterface.


Harrisburg University of Science and Technology introduced its official Esports team name as the "Harrisburg University Storm" during a press conference held at the school Thursday.
The university also introduced the team mascot and roster of the final 16 varsity Esports players set to begin competing together this fall during the special press event.
As part of the varsity team, players receive full athletic scholarships and are provided a housing stipend, much like any other college varsity team. They are already working closely with head coach, Geoffrey Wang, to hone their skills and work on qualities like teamwork, leadership, time management and communication.
The team's first major competition will be hosted in Harrisburg this September, at the HUE Festival.
As part of the festival, the city will welcome 32 college varsity esports teams from across the nation to compete at the Harrisburg University Esports Tournament on September 21-22. The tournament is an official National Association of Collegiate Esports (NACE) event and will be the largest live collegiate esports tournament to date. Teams will compete in League of Legends and Overwatch for a grand prize pool of $50,000. Storm fans, as well as esports enthusiasts, can view all Finals rounds live at the Whitaker Center for Science and Arts or by tuning in to Twitch.
HU will hold a "Meet the Team" event at 10:30 a.m. on Aug. 9 at the Whitaker Center for Science and the Arts, which will serve as the Storm's arena. Media and invited guests are welcome to interview players, coaches and HU leadership.
the varsity team. Harrisburg University is a member of the National Association of Collegiate Esports (NACE) the country's most prominent organization dedicated to competitive collegiate video gaming.


text:
Review: Sucker by Mark Lingane
The breakneck pace balances Van's laconic voice, pulling readers headlong into a maelstrom of violence, magic, and prophesy. Dark-fantasy fans will enjoy this gritty supernatural mystery and its memorable protagonist - Publishers Weekly
***For a limited time, you can get Mark's first para-noir-mal detective novel, Beyond Belief, for free - visit here to find out more http://bit.ly/1i95S7P (copy and paste into your browser)***
Van H. Avram, PI, stumbles from case to case, getting by on his good looks and appeal to desperate dames. But when a missing-person case dumps the body of a skinny blond thing on his doorstep, he finds himself plummeting into the clutches of an underworld intent on human sacrifice. An underworld of biblical origin.
An ancient evil rises up to destroy the world and, without asking for it, Van is thrust into the role of savior. As reality—and the occasional building—collapses around him, he's chased, battered, and seduced by demons, vampires and unhinged women, all against a background of a war-ravished world wrapped up in vintage fashions and flying diesel-powered vehicles.
Time ticks down to a do-or-die moment as the fate of the universe is decided in one final battle. But to save the universe, Van must face his own demons and an unremembered past.
Promoted as a detective "noir" by the author, this book runs the gambit of genres and comes out fighting. Its audience is broad and its appeal new age.
Van Avram, a bad ass war veteran turned PI with a fondness for alcohol gets tangled up with Mina Camilla. At which point the game is afoot.
And by game I mean a paranormal fantasy complete with agenda-riddled humans, vampires, fallen angels, and shape shifters, the pace is fast and the settings on-target with Gothic crypts and deserted churches.
This is a gritty mystery filled with human emotion and relationships, made real with masterfully descriptive writing. The novel is on the Amazon Best Sellers list for a reason. You will not be disappointed with the depth and scope of this story.
Book Bling gives this story 5 Stars!
Mark was first published at the ripe old age of eight, when a local newspaper published his review of Disney on Ice. The next time his name was in print was a life time later at the age of fifteen, when a national magazine ran his review of the Commodore 64. It was downhill from there, picking up a weekly column in the Sunday Times which funded a rather noncommittal path through university, studying a wide range of topics from Robotics, Anthropology, Philosophy, Computer Science, and Psychology.
In fact so many subjects were studied he was eligible for graduation at the end of his second year, based purely on attendance.
He finally left and joined the corporate world before realizing work isn't that much fun, and going back to study. Further writing followed with regular columns for various technology magazines and newspapers around the country. Then as the Then as the desire of permanent food and shelter began to bare its teeth, another attempt at the corporate world beckoned as a technical writer, which turned out okay. Shifting from technology companies to resource companies provided the opportunity to travel and live in some desolate and exotic locations where the locals aren't overly friendly.


text:
LPNY
NYC Libertarians
E-Recycling is Garbage
The Rising Tide / By Adam Weissman
I was interviewed by the Heartland Institute for an article on New York City's new law mandating recycling of electronic equipment. A key part of the e-recycling bill, as it was originally proposed, would have required manufacturers to take back their products for recycling free of charge, but that provision was scrapped (no pun intended). Since they interview me for the article before the bill was revised and most of the quotes from me that the writer chose to use had to do with that excised provision, the article is a bit confusing, IMO.
"The city is attempting to force manufacturers to recycle electronics, which it has no authority to do," said Jim Lesczynski, media relations director for the Manhattan Libertarian Party.
New York City "is refusing to [implement] curbside electronics recycling for residents," Lesczynski said, even though the city's Department of Sanitation has a monopoly on waste removal within the city.
"In a free market, some private sanitation companies may also refuse to pick up electronics, but competitors would surely step in to provide a needed service," Lesczynski said.
Lesczynski said such a market-based solution in the New York proposal is currently out of the question because the city "actually [makes] it illegal to 'steal' garbage set out for recycling."
The new law goes into effect in 2012 and impose fines of $100 on citizens who fail to recycle their electronics.
Second Tuesday of every month, 7:00 pm
We will meet online until our old location reopens or we find a new location.
Ukrainian East Restaurant
b/t St Marks Pl & 9th St
Fourth Tuesday of every month, 7:00 pm
Fitzpatrick Hotel Bar
b/t 56th/57th
Copyright © 2021 Manhattan Libertarian Party | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme


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Seller - 686+ items sold. 0% negative feedback. Top-Rated Seller! Ships on time with tracking, 0 problems with past sales.
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Stoney Creek Collection Counted Cross Stitch Patterns,Books,Leaflets YOU CHOOSE!


text:
Trachyusa är ett släkte av steklar som beskrevs av Johannes Friedrich Ruthe 1854. Trachyusa ingår i familjen bracksteklar.

Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life och Dyntaxa:

Källor

Externa länkar

Bracksteklar
Trachyusa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How can I make a variable have the type unknown or 'Movie' assigned? I am developing a hook in which I can pass a function that makes a web request and it returns isLoading, data and error.
const [isLoading, data, error] = useApi(getMovie, idMovie, someAction);

basically I have a hook (useApi) that receives 3 parameters:

*

*a function that resolves a web request

*the parameters of this web request

*and finally the call to a callback.

I use it like this:
const idMovie = { _id: "3" };
// callback function
const someAction = (data: unknown) => {
 // do something
 return data;
};

const [isLoading, data, error] = useApi(getMovie, idMovie, someAction);

useApi.tsx
import { AxiosPromise, AxiosResponse } from 'axios';
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
const useApi = (
    apiFunction: (params: unknown) => AxiosPromise,
    params = {},
    callback: (data: unknown) => void
): [boolean, unknown, null | string] => {
    const [data, setData] = useState(null);
    const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(true);
    const [error, setError] = useState<null | string>(null);

    useEffect(() => {
        apiFunction(params)
            .then(({ data }: AxiosResponse) => {
                setData(data);
                setIsLoading(false);
                if (callback) {
                    callback(data);
                }
            })
            .catch(() => {
                setError('Something went wrong');
                setIsLoading(false);
            });
    }, []); //apiFunction, params, callback]

    return [isLoading, data, error];
};

export default useApi;

getMovie corresponds to a function that solves a web request
import axios from "axios";
type getMovieParams = { _id: string };
const BASE_URL = "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/";
const getMovie = (params: getMovieParams): Promise<unknown> => {
  if (params) {
    const { _id } = params;
    if (_id) {
      const url = `${BASE_URL}/${_id}`;
      return axios.get(url);
    }
  }
  throw new Error("Must provide a query");
};

export default getMovie;

the code that calls this hook would look like this:
import "./styles.css";
import useApi from "./useApi";
import getMovie from "./api";
interface Movie {
  userId: number;
  id: number;
  title: string;
  completed: boolean;
}

export default function App() {
  const idMovie = { _id: "3" };
  // callback function
  const someAction = (data: unknown) => {
    // do something
    return data;
  };

  const [isLoading, data, error] = useApi(getMovie, idMovie, someAction);

  const dataResponse = error ? [] : data; //type Movie
  console.log(dataResponse);
  if (isLoading) {
    return
Loading...
;
  }

  return (

      {error &&
{error}
}
      -- Get Data Movie 1--

{dataResponse.title}

  );
}

I am getting an typing error on this line:

{dataResponse.title}

this is because:
const dataResponse = error ? [] : data;

data is of type unknown, this is because it could be any type of data, but I want to specify in this case that the data type is 'Movie', the idea is to reuse this hook in another component and be able to say the type of data that will be obtained when this hook returns data.
this is my live code:
https://codesandbox.io/s/vigilant-swartz-iozn4
The reason for the creation of this question is to ask for your kind help to solve the typescript problems that are marked with a red line. (file app.tsx)

How can fix it? thanks

A: It is possible to use generics to capture types related to the args you're passing to a function. For instance, in the screenshot you have, TS complaints about the params, we can declare a generic to capture the params type
function useApi<Params>(
  apiFunction: (params: Params) => AxiosPromise,
  params: Params,
  callback: (data: unknown) => void
)

with this, our second hook argument will be typed as whatever type the apiFunction asks for in its arg.
we do the same to type the data we return to the callback
function useApi<Params, Return>(
  apiFunction: (params: Params) => Promise<AxiosResponse<Return>>,
  params: Params,
  callback: (data: Return) => void
)

I got the return type of the apiFunction by inspecting the types for the axios.get call
get<T = any, R = AxiosResponse<T>>(url: string, config?: AxiosRequestConfig): Promise<R>;
as you can see, in the end it returns a Promise<AxiosResponse<T>>. We intercept that T with our generic typing and name it Return
now we can use these typings in the return types and body of the hook as well
): [boolean, Return | null, null | string] {
  const [data, setData] = useState<Return | null>(null);
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(true);
  const [error, setError] = useState<null | string>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    apiFunction(params)
      .then(({ data }) => {
        setData(data);
        setIsLoading(false);
        if (callback) {
          callback(data);
        }
      })
      .catch(() => {
        setError("Something went wrong");
        setIsLoading(false);
      });
  }, []); //apiFunction, params, callback]

  return [isLoading, data, error];
}

as your Movie model is specific for the getMovie call, you can move that interface there and type the axios.get call
interface Movie {
  userId: number;
  id: number;
  title: string;
  completed: boolean;
}

const getMovie = (params: getMovieParams) => {
  if (params) {
    const { _id } = params;
    if (_id) {
      const url = `${BASE_URL}/${_id}`;
      return axios.get<Movie>(url);
    }
  }
  throw new Error("Must provide a query");
};

with all these additions you'll observe some warnings on the code when you're using the hook that will force you to implement the rendering taking into account all possible values, I rewrote it like this
  ...
  const [isLoading, dataResponse, error] = useApi(
    getMovie,
    idMovie,
    someAction
  );

  if (isLoading) {
    return
Loading...
;
  }

  if (error) return
error
;

  return
{dataResponse?.title}
;
  ...

https://codesandbox.io/s/generic-hook-arg-types-s8vtt

A: I found that a good solution is to use generics. With this solution you should be able to provide any type parameter and as long as your API data fits those type requirements it should work.
API.tsx
import axios from "axios";

type getMovieParams = { _id: string };
const BASE_URL = "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/";
async function getMovie<T>(params: getMovieParams): Promise<T> {
  if (params) {
    const { _id } = params;
    if (_id) {
      const url = `${BASE_URL}/${_id}`;
      const data = await axios.get<T>(url);
      const movies = await data.data;
      console.log(movies);
      return new Promise<T>((res, rej) => {
        if (movies) {
          res(movies);
        } else {
          rej("No movies found");
        }
      });
    }
  }
  throw new Error("Must provide a query");
}

export default getMovie;

In the API the only change is the return type of the function, instead of an AxiosResponse we return a Promise of type T.
App.tsx
import "./styles.css";
import useApi from "./useApi";
import getMovie from "./api";
export interface Movie {
  userId: number;
  id: number;
  title: string;
  completed: boolean;
}

export default function App() {
  const idMovie = { _id: "3" };
  // callback function
  const someAction = (data: unknown) => {
    // do something
    return data;
  };

  const [isLoading, data, error] = useApi<Movie>(getMovie, idMovie, someAction);

  if (isLoading) {
    return
Loading...
;
  }

  return (

      {error &&
{error}
}
      -- Get Data Movie 1--

{data ? data.id : ''}

  );
}

useApi.tsx
import { AxiosPromise, AxiosResponse } from "axios";
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
function useApi<T>(
  apiFunction: (params: any) => Promise<T>,
  params = {},
  callback: (data: T) => void
): [boolean, T, null | string] {
  const [data, setData] = useState<T | null>(null);
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState<boolean>(true);
  const [error, setError] = useState<null | string>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    apiFunction(params)
      .then((res) => {
        setData(res);
        setIsLoading(false);
      })
      .catch((e) => {
        setError(e.toString());
        setIsLoading(false);
      });
  }, [apiFunction, params, callback]); //apiFunction, params, callback]

  return [isLoading, data as T, error];
}

export default useApi;

Setting useAPI to generic and it's data to generic means we can handle use this hook to find any data that can interface with a given type T, including arrays of T.
You'll notice the last line 'data as T' this will not cause an error later because you never interact with data at a potential null or undefined state, the data is null when the error exists.
codesandbox

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
NYFF Review: "Marriage Story" Directed by Noah Baumbach
Including Top Ten Broken-Marriage / Divorce Movies
by HelenHighly
So: Marriage Story, a stylish romantic dramedy written and directed by Noah Baumbach with an all-star cast led by Scarlett Johansson and Adam Driver and featuring top-notch talent such as Laura Dern, Alan Alda and Wallace Shawn, opened as the centerpiece of the 2019 New York Film Festival. Helen Highly Loathes this movie. I think perhaps I wouldn't loathe it so much if everyone else wasn't loving and lauding it so much. Sigh. Something about the gushing acceptance of this film into the "canon" of broken-marriage and/or divorce-themed movies creates a feeling of outrage in me – a feeling much deeper than any inspired by the self-consciously sentimental moments in the film.
Loving family in "Marriage Story"
But, to be fair (to my disdain), I did immediately feel insulted by what my directly-after-watching-the-film tweets expressed as "infuriating banality – worse than regular banality." I didn't expect to see so many credible and respected critics lavish praise on this film, which makes me feel déjà vu all over again – reminding me of when I stood alone in aggressively disliking Carol, directed by Todd Hanes. (Prediction: everyone believed that film would win an Academy Award for Best Picture and despite all the gushing, it didn't, and I predict the same here.)
Part of my criticism in my Carol review was my argument against critics who were erroneously declaring the film to be "Hitchcockian," and I wrote a detailed break-down of how and why that was untrue, which I will skip here, because in this case the person comparing the director to the Master of thrillers and warped love stories is director Noah Baumbach himself. In the post-film Q&A, Baumbach declared that Marriage Story had "hidden genres baked into it," naming thrillers, horror, screwball comedy and absurdism (wrong, wrong, wrong and wrong) and then adding "it's also like a Hitchcock movie." That is where my head exploded. Really, there should be a law requiring at least a five-year waiting period before anyone can compare anyone to Hitchcock, kind of like declaring someone a saint. And it ought to be a crime for directors to compare themselves to Hitchcock. But that's not the basis for my distaste for this film – just the cherry on top.
Scarlett Johansson and Adam Driver in "Marriage Story"
Baumbach's movie gives us an intimate view of an end-of-marriage agony-of-divorce story wrapped in a privileged-NYC-life vs privileged-LA-life scenario. His script manages to be a star-vehicle for some of America's best acting talent; it's a very-showy showcase for Adam Driver's raw energy and Scarlett Johansson's tour-de-force heartbreak, but as I said of Cate Blanchett after Carol, they don't need this self-important display; they are better than this over-wrought cliché of a movie.
Writer Director Noah Baumbach
And that's even true for Baumbach, who has an impressive talent for putting words together. But alas, he needs some fresh ideas. I appreciate that it's not easy trying to be the voice of your generation, and there is always a hunger in audiences to crown the next king, but sorry, I don't think Baumbach has even earned knighthood at this point. Clever is not the same as genius. It's ironic that the lead character wins a "genius grant" in the film at such a young age – perhaps Baumbach projecting his wishes for himself. But it's pure fiction.
As for Alan Alda and Wallace Shawn, they are only reprising the same old personas we have relished watching them play over the years; nothing new to see here folks. I can only assume that they both agreed to be in this film as a late-career last-chance to remind America what beloved characters they are, and again… there is no need; they've already done it in films better than this one, and this story has already been told too many times in films far greater than this non-"masterwork" (as some have called it).
Alan Alda and Wallace Shawn at NYFF with "Marriage Story"
The world already has Kramer vs Kramer, the quintessential divorce-with-a-kid story; we don't need another one. And we already have Annie Hall, the quintessential lovers-in-trouble torn between New York and LA story; no one is going to do it better. Throw in the couples-with-competing-careers theme and Marriage Story becomes a full-on trope fest. For the record, let me list all the now-classic films that have mined these territories – as either drama or comedy or both (and a few others not-so-classic that are far more deserving of extravagant praise than Marriage Story).
The Ten Best Movies to See Instead of Marriage Story:
Kramer vs Kramer
Annie Hall
La La Land (Best Picture close but no cigar – like Marriage Story will be)
One True Thing (After Kramer vs Kramer, Meryl Streep makes the list twice and do we really need to keep trying to top her? In this film the child-torn-between-alienated-parents is older, with stronger impact.)
The Way We Were (NY vs LA, check; competitive careers and ethical standards, check; more of a love story than a divorce story, check; they don't have a child but wait… they throw one in at the end, so check. But let's get real; this movie has So. Much. More. going on that makes it worth watching — even worth watching again and again. Honestly, how many times can one bear to sit through Marriage Story?)
Note: A case could be made to add Funny Girl to the list, which would make Barbara Streisand another two-time end-of-marriage classic-film winner.
"The Way We Were" with Robert Redford and Barbara Streisand
Scenes From a Marriage (a Bergman genre-defining classic truly deserving of the much-overused word "masterful")
Note: Scarlett Johansson is lovely and compelling but she is not in the same league as Streep and Ullman.
"Scenes From a Marriage" by Ingmar Bergman
The Wife (a Bergman-influenced film that earns its inheritance, with ten times the intelligence and profundity of Marriage Story. Glenn Close's performance in this film is stunning and perhaps the final authentic word in broken-marriage career-challenged wives.)
Le Mepris (Contempt — a gorgeous and magnificent film by Jean-Luc Godard, with a storyline similar to Marriage Story – down to the opening breakup around a revised production of a Greek tragedy in which the husband is auteur and the wife stars)
Godard's "Le Mepris" (Contempt)
L.A. Story (example of what a true screwball-comedy meets romantic-heartbreak movie looks like and a treatise on L.A.-lifestyle jokes that pack a serious punch), and/or War of the Roses, which has become the ultimate depiction of the pain and dark comedy of divorce. Note to Baumbach: This is absurdist comedy; your movie is absurd only in its pretension.
It's Complicated (again with Meryl Streep. Sorry Scarlett, find your own genre.)
One more for good luck: The End of the Affair, which isn't a super-close story match, but in terms of depicting marital love that transcends divorce, with devastating effect, it merits a mention. And Ralph Fiennes with Julianne Moore – that's the definition of on-screen chemistry, which btw seems to me completely lacking in Marriage Story.)
"Annie Hall" by Woody Allen
The other thing that all the films in the list above have going for them (with exception of La La Land) is that they have the historic timeframe with the associated literary conventions of their day to justify their lily-whiteness. Marriage Story points out its own fatal flaw in a domestic courtroom scene; after listening to the opposing $950-per-hour lawyers bicker endlessly, the judge finally interrupts and says, "There are people waiting to have their cases heard who do not have the 'means' you do." duh. Hashtag: White People's Problems.
Scarlett Johannson and Laura Dern in "Marriage Story"
And outside of the lack of on-screen chemistry, the banal clichés and tired lawyer jokes, this was a major factor in preventing me from caring about these characters; they are the embodiment of white privilege, and in today's day, especially when casting the racially conflicted cities of L.A. and New York as characters in the story, to ignore any issue of class or race or fail to provide any realistic backdrop of social/political context… it's both ridiculous and offensive and ultimately invalidates any effort at credibility. I would say that this makes this story comparable to an animated Disney fairytale more than an authentic emotional account, except now even Disney has finally integrated and presented a black princess.
White People's Problems in "Marriage Story"
To watch these two feuding spouses argue over whose Halloween costume for the kid is better (and more expensive) and who is taking the kid to a better neighborhood for the best Halloween treats is a disgusting display, in my opinion. Spoiler alert: The father loses that battle and is seen schlepping the kid through an inappropriately grownup Times-Square-ish neighborhood (albeit somewhere in L.A.), where a liquor store sales clerk gives the child a free lighter as a treat. Hilarious! Not. Touching? Not. Stupid and insensitive to the very-real and very-dangerous and humiliating class issues surrounding Halloween trick-or-treating for today's children? Yes, that's what it is.
"Kramer vs Kramer" divorce movie
Is Noah Baumbach obliged to depict racial inequity in his romance movie? No of course he's not – not unless he goes on and on about its contemporary authenticity and selects real-life troubled cities as its location. And other critics should also be ashamed of not noticing that even on the streets of New York City there seems to be not one person of color within facial-recognition distance – certainly none with a talking role. Just saying.
"The Wife" with Glenn Close
Following through on its all-too-adorable entertainment industry setting, the film ends with not one but two Stephen Sondheim songs from the 1970's musical Company – one sung by divorced mom and the other by divorced dad. Variety called those back-to-back scenes "haunting," and I suggest that might be true from a white-as-a-ghost perspective.
As for emotional power: There is a scene with the little boy reading aloud his mother's handwritten list of hipster-sweet "Things I Love About Charlie" (his father), which is nausea-inducing. Then father Charlie overhears and listens to his son read the list of reasons his mother loves his father, which is full-blown puke-worthy, and then the father enters the scene and helps the boy pronounce the big words in the list of reasons for his father's lovability — which the father had never read before and is now hearing for the first time from the mouth of his young son, which is choke-on-your-vomit-and-die worthy. (Just think for a moment of the revelatory and climactic scenes in last year's The Wife, and recall how few words, how carefully scripted, how elegantly performed to such breath-taking effect, how non-cloying and unobvious and deeply stirring. Marriage Story fails at all of that.)
Have I gone back in time and am I watching an After School Special? Do they still exist? I think not. I imagine I am showing my age with that reference. But if this movie makes sense anywhere it would be on TV as an After School Special that a parent would force a kid to watch instead of his preferred cowboy series. It's a reductive lesson in why you should love your parents despite their being self-centered dipshits.
"End of the Affaire," with Julianne Moore and Ralph Fiennes
But seriously: What is at stake in this movie?! It seems that the worst possible outcome for anybody involved would still entail their living better, more beautiful, more satisfying and comfortable lives than anyone I know. Everyone is young and attractive and talented and well-positioned for a full, wonderful life ahead of them. The marriage was terrific while it lasted, both exes have already found their rebound romances, they both already have new and impressive career opportunities, they have plenty of emotional and financial resources to soothe the blow of the breakup, and the big divorce antagonism is revealed to be gratuitous game-playing that doesn't seriously injure anyone. The deepest dramatic point seems to be that people change and grow, especially when they're young adults.
The harshest effect on the kid seems to be inconsistent bowel movements, a problem fixed by special reward-gifts from mom (of which dad disapproves — ooh, conflict!) and his confusion over why they suddenly have so many plants around (to impress the divorce social worker). Truth is, this kid will likely win by growing up a little bit less of a spoiled brat than he would have been without the divorce, although without suffering any real, character-building challenges.
It's all a lot of meaningless nothing, and my sense is that the harshest consequences will be to the careers of Scarlett Johansson and Adam Driver, who I believe have both taken a step backward in their development as serious actors. I know that romantic dramedy is not intended to be heavy, thought-provoking fare, but this film is more pretentious and empty than most of its ilk, and I anticipate that five years from now it will not be found on anyone's list of Best Broken-Marriage Movies.
Laura Dern is the best part of "Marriage Story"
So, my diatribe aside, it's fair to mention a few good points in this movie. The best part is Laura Dern as a feminist divorce attorney. She's got some of the funniest lines in the film, including a rant using the Virgin Mary and God as the origin of sexual bias in parenting, saying that God is the typical father who doesn't show up. Ha. That's a good one. She even manages to make the line "What you're doing is an act of courage" a treasure-trove of comic and emotional nuance. Kudos to Laura Dern for milking every moment she is on the screen.
What else? Hmm… Laura Dern is awesome and what else? Adam Driver is always awesome and this movie does not deserve him. But I will say that when he breaks down and cries, it's the only time I felt anything in this film, and that was quite an achievement. Oh, if you are a classic-theater lover like me, the opening bit about the revised theater production of Electra is pretty cool, and thankfully given more than a few seconds on screen; we get to hear enough dialogue to make a vague thematic tie-in to issues of female fury and women's pursuit of justice.
"Marriage Story" press conference at NYFF
But in the end, the most encouraging thing I can say about this movie is that as a filmgoer you will be spared listening to Noah Baumbach's self-congratulatory pontificating afterward in a live Q&A session. But you can find plenty of that blabbery by reading all the other film reviews. However, if majority consensus means anything, it's safe to assume that they are all correct and I completely misunderstand, Helen being the Highly crass heartless heathen that she is. So be it. Go see this movie at your own brain-rotting peril.
Marriage Story premieres in theaters on Nov. 6, 2019. The film premieres on Netflix on Dec. 6, 2019.
Sorry to sound so sour. Want to read about a movie released to theaters around the same time as Marriage Story that I liked a lot (despite criticism from others)? Helen Highly Recommends Motherless Brooklyn.
Tags Adam Driver Marriage Story, Adam Driver raw energy, Alan Alda Marriage Story, Annie Hall review, Barbara Streisand marraige movies, breakup movie list, broken marriage movies, broken marriage movies list, canon of broken marriage divorce movies, Carol movie review, couples with competing careers movies, Director Noah Baumbach interview, Director Noah Baumbach review, divorce movies list, divorce-themed movies, Helen Highly loathes Marriage Story, Hitchcock comparisions, Hitchcockian movies, It's Complicated review, Johannson Driver chemistry, Kramer vs Kramer review, L.A. Story review, Laura Dern divorce attorney, Le Mepris review, Marriage Story Academy Award, Marriage Story Best Picture, Marriage Story cliches, Marriage Story fails, Marriage Story film review HelenHighly, Marriage Story film review IndieNYC, Marriage Story in theaters, Marriage Story infuriating banality, Marriage Story Laura Dern, Marriage Story movie review, Marriage Story Netflix, Marriage Story New York City L.A., Marriage Story Noah Baumbach review, Marriage Story review, Marriage Story romantic dramedy, Marriage Story screen chemistry, Marriage Story trope fest, Marriage Story white privilege, Marriage Story writer director Noah Baumbach review, Meryl Streep marriage movies, Meryl Streep wife movies, Movies About Marriage, movies instead of Marriage Story, New York City vs L.A. movies, New York Film Festival centerpiece Marriage Story, Noah Baumbach Hitchcock, NYFF review Marriage Story, Scarlett Johannson Marriage Story, Scarlett Johannson tour-de-force, Scarlett Johanson Adam Driver, see Marraige Story at your peril, The End of the Affair review, The Way We Were review, The Wife film review, Top Ten Broken Marriage Divorce Movies HelenHighly, Top Ten Broken Marriage Movies, Top Ten Divorce Movies, Wallace Shawn Marriage Story, war of the roses film review, writer director Noah Baumbach
Best Film Review: "Carol" vs "Brooklyn"


The rest of the tomato plants needed to get out of their little cells and into the sunshine. These larger pots will give them enough space for their roots to expand in the next few weeks before they go into their permanent homes in the garden.
Holy Smokes. Start a plant sell up your way. There's a clever gal at our farmers' market that sells individual tomato plants with much success. She has an album with photos and information on each variety she offers. Very organized.
WOW! That is a lot of tomatoes. I wish I lived near you, I would buy some for sure! Are you going to do a lot of canning? Good luck!
Maybelline, you almost lost me at 'organized'....I'm lucky if the plants are correctly identified...but that actually sounds like a good idea. I have a friend that has a booth selling eggs and veggies at the Visalia Farmers market; she'd probably be fine with my selling the plants. Thanks for the idea!
Maureen, can I buy some paste tomatoes from you?


Silf has a unique position in Sweden and internationally as our offer extends the entire supply chain with more than 40 modern open class course titles, all developed and owned by Silf. We work with continuous improvement and cooperate closely with our customers to develop and create new courses aimed at contributing to the competence development of the profession.
Silf's learning methodology is based on applied theory, meaning that the customer understands and can apply the theories immediately after the course, all learnings can be understood and applied in their daily business immediately.
Silf is based in Sweden but is linked internationally to the standards and organizations of IFPSM - International Federation of Purchasing and Supply Management and ELA - European Logistics Association. As a result, all participants in our programs get internationally recognized diplomas. Silf is also a member of the boards of both IFPSM and ELA to improve and change the view of how a senior logistician or purchaser should perform internationally.
We are a foundation and our mission is to promote the role of purchasing and logistics, and we are dependent on delivering good results and a strong cash flow in order to keep developing the skill, ability and competency of those working within the fields of purchasing and logistics. All earnings are reinvested to promote the profession, we sponsor professors, research and development to improve the roles of those working within the field of Supply Chain. We also run the association Swedish National Association of Purchasing & Logistic for swedish purchasers and logisticians. We have managed the foundation for more than 60 years and will continue to do so for at least 60 more years to come.
Silf has a long history of doing business in Sweden and internationally. We follow our customers abroad, offering the same competence development opportunities no matter where our customers are situated. We are very flexible and offer a diversity of services depending on the competence development, methods and learning infrastructure each customer requires. Our fastest growing business area is company internal training through customized academies. When arranging an academy, we take responsibility for both content, competence development sessions and the services and logistics needed to arrange an academy. This is a service we offer as part of our core business, assisting large corporations and organizations in securing the competence development of their Supply Chain departments.
"We turn expertise into sustainable profitability."


text:
Shamir, Sad13, The Dove & The Wolf, and Queen of Jeans Talk Philadelphia—and The Cranberries
The impromptu supergroup will have you wrapped around their fingers.
September 26th 2017 by Allie Volpe
School gymnasiums are often plagued with memories of distress: the failed rope climb witnessed by a class of peers, or the dances where prepubescents lined the walls with hormones raging under tender flesh. In a gym on a Wednesday evening in South Philadelphia, the weight of summer still hanging in the September air, a different scene transpired—not one starring angst-ridden teenagers preparing for a dodgeball game, but where the music kids took center stage. The bleachers were empty and no crowds cheered as balls were thrown into basketball nets. Instead, guitars and amps slowly filled the space, transported from the reaches of West Philly and Kensington, where a group of acts that now call the city home took on the challenge of playing with people they'd never met before.
"I've done Rock Lottery… They would pair up a band and you would improvise a song," says Sadie Dupuis, a.k.a. Sad13, of Speedy Ortiz. "You don't have the language to communicate that you do with your normal bandmates. But if you've been playing music long enough you're comfortable being thrown into things like that."
A collective of Philly-based musicians, including Dupuis, Shamir, The Dove & the Wolf, and Queen of Jeans, convened in the gym of the former Bok Technical High School, which ceased educational activities in 2013 but has since transformed into a mixed-use facility that houses hair salons, artist spaces, and a rooftop bar, to record a cover of The Cranberries' 1993 hit "Linger," a testament to the group's artistry and the community in the city where they live.
Dupuis, Shamir, and The Dove & the Wolf are all recent transplants to Philly—from Massachusetts, Las Vegas, and Paris, respectively—a city that's long been lauded for its rich musical scene and its ability to lure out-of-towners to settle down. The draw lies in the lack of pretense, the low cost of living, and the abundance of opportunities to check out a DIY show with inclusive bills. This current project, organized by music filmmaker collective Out of Town Films, who shot and produced the clip, further epitomizes this ethos maintained by Philly's artist scene.
"That does speak to the changing landscape in Philly," Dupuis said. "Three out of four bands representing the Philly scene moved here only within the last couple of years. I think a lot of people move here because they are fans of bands here. There's a camaraderie."
"Four bands—including five front people—that's a lot of people and a lot of egos to deal with," Paloma Gil of The Dove & the Wolf says later. "And there was none of that. Our little community in Philly, it's pretty cool."
The group's performance, featuring an overwhelming base of four guitars—played by Dupuis, Shamir, and Miriam Devora and Matheson Glass of Queen of Jeans—proved hardly an assault on the arrangement, but instead each musician carved out space for the others to fill in. Dupuis and Glass's shoegazey solos were accented by Shamir's distorted inflections and Devora's rhythm. Vocally, the lush four-part harmonies feature Gil and Shamir on the alto and soprano ends, respectively, with the former's The Dove & the Wolf bandmate Lou Hayat and Devora filling in the rich mezzo-soprano.
"I'm a fangirl first and an artist second." — Shamir
On their own, each artist embodies a different verve. Shamir's XL Recordings debut Ratchet is a euphoric pop display, while his upcoming formal follow-up, Revelations, which is out in November on Father/Daughter Records, promises a more intimate and raw sound. The Dove & the Wolf make warm, all-encompassing songs that sound more expansive than their two-woman team suggests, with unique vocal harmonies and diverging guitar lines. As a solo act, Dupuis experiments with synths, fuzzy guitars, and beats that inspire an alternative-pop dance party. With '60s surf rock serenity, Queen of Jeans provide a gentle cooing romance with dreamy harmonies but also boppy garage rock sensibilities. All have lyrics that face head on the misgivings of love, society, and the tribulations of life as an outsider in today's world—and how that can be empowering.
Which is why Devora and Glass thought it might be funny to turn those ideals on their heads and perform "La La" by Ashlee Simpson instead.
"Having never met us, they probably thought these girls are insane," Glass says. "I was only half joking when I suggested it."
Instead, the group settled on The Cranberries and figured the song offered enough leeway for each of the eight musicians. In the gymnasium, feelings of nervousness and intimidation were replaced with the exchange of knowing glances as guitarists made their entrances and flourishes; harmonies were determined on the fly.
And although each act sits at various points on the career spectrum, the sense of community that living in Philadelphia affords allows for something that transcends industry or business—a genuine appreciation for craft and the work of peers.
"I'm a fangirl first and an artist second," Shamir says, giving praise to the other artists involved in this project. "I am a fangirl who happened to have gotten lucky to also be a musician and to be recognized for my music. I geek out on artists all the time." FL
Queen of JeansSad13ShamirSpeedy OrtizThe CranberriesThe Dove & the Wolf
Signal Boost: 15 Tracks from November & December 2021 You Should Know
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Shamir Reaches Gorgeous Highs on His Cover of Sharon Van Etten's "DsharpG"
Shamir Shares Fantastic Cover of Billie Eilish's "Ocean Eyes"


text:
Tangassane Development Association (ADT)
ADT strengthens local capacity and is dedicated to the promotion of a culture of peace and human rights in Mali.
The Association Tangassane pour le Développement (ADT) builds local capacity and is dedicated to the promotion of a culture of peace and human rights in Mali. It supports local initiatives in a participatory approach, working specifically to target vulnerable and marginalized groups in society, including women, children, the poor and victims of the conflict. It is dedicated to eradicating poverty and improving living conditions in the country, with a broad mandate focusing on areas including infrastructure, reconciliation, health and food security.
ADT's strategic objectives are to:
Ensure full equality. ADT recognizes that women are the backbone of the family economy. Therefore, it will always ensure that they participate in various projects implemented with support.
Strengthen local capacity. The organization believes that the key to success for sustainable development lies in the capacity of local actors. ADT takes charge of local populations by strengthening their skills and capacities in order to enable them to perpetuate the actions undertaken with and for them.
Promoting the rights of. ADT addresses rights issues with different development actors, aiming to help the most marginalized and vulnerable to participate in economic, social and cultural life, but also to ensure access to basic social services.
Promote a more peaceful, resilient Malian society that respects human rights;
Promote the employability of young people aged 15 to 35 to avoid migration to Europe, rural exodus and the recruitment of young people by armed groups and jihadists.
Noteworthy achievements
Acted as a moderator in its area of operation, being involved in conflict prevention and management in the Timbuktu-Niger loop with funding from the EU's ARIANE programme in 2009.
Swisscontact
FAFPA
FAMOC (Embassy of the Kingdom of Denmark in Mali)
Lux Dev through swisscontact
Regional Council of Territorial Communities of Timbuktu
Cordaid (in the course of partnership)
Harmonization and Innovation for the Benefit of Civil Society Initiatives of Social Utility (HIBISCUS)
The leaders of the NGO ADT are trained in Timbuktu in the promotion of peace, human rights and reconciliation in December 2013; Inclusive Education in 2016, Positive Education in 2016.
Taking part in the peace and security thematic group of the forum of civil society organizations in the Timbuktu region.
ADT has also developed particular expertise in food security, working intensively with the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in Mali.
Conflict prevention and early warning Development Peace education Children and youth
adtmahamanealiou@yahoo.fr
+223 76 05 19 12 / 98 60 78 22
Timbuktu (Hamabangou, Quartier Administratif). BP 179
Latest from Mali →


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A receipt is basically a brief document containing information pertaining to a specific sale or trade. If a receipt is essential then the payment is typically performed in cash. Receipts are an important part of any business, whether they're from a physical store or a web-based shop. This Rental Receipt is thought to be an essential financial document. Rental receipts help a tenant to keep a watch out for payments. They help smooth the process of leasing and make the system simple for asset owner as well as tenants.
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Because each state differs, so be sure to Request a Lawyer in your state to observe whenever you're legally required to provide a reception. When it will be time to do your taxes, you will have the receipts you would like to accurately file your taxes. You need to make sure if you've got sufficient money in your accounts to create the necessary payment. Should you work for a business which reimburses costs related to travel, customer meetings, or other small business requirements, you may have to submit receipts so as to acquire a timely compensation. It is thought to be one of the effective methods of purchase and service.
You will have to spell out various methods in which you mean to use the donor's financial aid. Other segments of receipt can be customized also in order to create the template useful to your company.
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A rent receipt type plays the purpose of an official financial document which helps in maintaining an eye on income, in the instance of their landlord, and cost, in the instance of the renter. It may consist of comprehensive information regarding renting strength and payment details.


While the main purpose of REDD+ is to contribute to global climate change mitigation, REDD+ also has the potential to deliver other benefits, both environmental and social, to countries that choose to implement it. To ensure that REDD+ delivers benefits and that risks are reduced, the UN-REDD Programme supports countries to apply the UNFCCC's REDD+ safeguards, and to conduct land-use planning for REDD+.
Forests provide a range of ecosystem services, and host the biodiversity that underpins these services. The services provided by any particular forest may include climate change mitigation, water regulation, cultural benefits, and production of food, fuel or fibre. REDD+ actions can protect or enhance these services by preventing loss or degradation of forest ecosystems and biodiversity, or restoring forest ecosystems.
Forests vary in their importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, and also in their likely response to forest management actions. The benefits and risks of REDD+ will thus depend on the location and type of REDD+ actions. Planning approaches to reduce risks and promote benefits may include: identifying priorities for benefits, putting safeguard policies in place, identifying risks and benefits that may arise from specific actions and selecting locations for these that secure high-priority benefits with low risks. The UN-REDD Programme supports countries in their efforts to integrate this thinking into their REDD+ strategies and development plans.
In addition to securing ecosystem services that benefit people, there are other potential social benefits of REDD+, such as improved livelihoods (including from carbon payments), clarification of land tenure, and stronger governance, which may arise from implementing REDD+. Depending on how REDD+ is implemented, there could also be some potential social risks, and the Cancun safeguards are intended to minimize these.
GIS training materials and tools have been developed for use by technical staff in supporting the planning of REDD+ activities that deliver multiple benefits. Click here to access the training materials in various languages.
View recent Multiple Benefits resources sorted by country here.
View Multiple Benefits announcements by country by clicking here, selecting the country of interest in the 'browse by' filter tool, and clicking the 'browse' button.
The expression "multiple benefits" encompasses all the benefits that will flow from a successful REDD+ mechanism. It includes both the global climate mitigation benefits from REDD+ as well as environmental and social benefits. This is further discussed in Multiple Benefits Series 1.
Environmental benefits can come about when REDD+ prevents loss or degradation of forests, or even improves their condition. These include biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services such as water regulation, soil conservation, timber, forest foods and other non-timber forest products. Various factors affect how the benefits are captured, including the type, location and condition of the forest involved, the REDD+ activity is undertaken, how it is implemented and the dependence of the local population on forest resources. The REDD+ mechanism also has the potential to yield social benefits, such as jobs, livelihoods, land tenure clarification, carbon payments as well as enhanced participation in decision-making and improved governance.
How do safeguards and multiple benefits relate to REDD+?
One reason why countries may wish to plan for REDD+ multiple benefits is that it helps to promote and support the Cancun Safeguards, which state that [REDD+] "actions are consistent with the conservation of natural forests and biological diversity, ensuring that the actions referred to in paragraph 70 of this decision are not used for the conversion of natural forests, but are instead used to incentivize the protection and conservation of natural forests and their ecosystem services, and to enhance other social and environmental benefits".
Is capacity building available for developing a national approach to safeguards, or for including multiple benefits in REDD+ strategies?
The UN-REDD Programme is currently providing direct support to a number of countries on these topics, through both Targeted Support funding as well as under National Programmes. Targeted support can be requested by partner countries of the UN-REDD Programme, which are undertaking REDD+ efforts with a view to designing and implementing a national REDD+ strategy or action plan (see Procedures for requesting UN-REDD Programme Targeted Support).
Find Multiple Benefits capacity building resources and learning tools here.
International Union of Forest Research Organizations publications.


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Q: What is the meaning of CPU core? My system processor is Intel Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU  E5300  @ 2.60GHz.
My processor speed is 2.6 GHz as mentioned in process name. The processor name tells this is dual core.
My doubt is:
Processor speed is 2.6 GHz and CPU cores 2.
What is the meaning of 2 cores. I think 2 cores means (2.6 GHz + 2.6 GHz = 5.2 GHz).
Is it right?

A: A core is basically a CPU, just physically a multicore cpu is in one package. Unless you are in the habit of touching them you can thing of a core as a cpu.
You may be told a lot of hog wash about cores, such as with multiple cores you can run multiple tasks. Well you can run multiple tasks on one core/cpu. Multiple cores mean that your operating system has to split up the work, this is not always possible. Therefore 2.6GHz + 2.6GHz < 5.2GHz, and 2.6GHz + 2.6GHz ≥ 2.6GHz. Yes multi core can sometimes be only as good as one core. It all depends on OS, and usage.
Readers note: The + sign above is not normal addition, it is core addition. That is why 2.6GHz + 2.6GHz = 2.6GHz is possible.

Edit: see Paul A. Clayton's comment, it points out that multicore can at times be better than single, but only when all cores can be utilised (multi-thread/multi-process).

A: "core" is hard stuff, so: two CPU's that can be handed separate tasks.
You may also have e.g. hyperthreading which then makes one/each CPU appear as more than one LOGICALLY.
Example: http://ark.intel.com/products/75122/Intel-Core-i7-4770-Processor-8M-Cache-up-to-3_90-GHz - 4 cores, 8 threads. 8 tasks can be run, but note that it will not provide / be equal to "8x efficiency/power" - there are bottlenecks and limitations.

A: No, it definitely doesn't not mean you can clock it twice as fast.
And, most of the time, you will get a speed up less than 2x.  (And, no you don't get that from doubling the clock rate, you keep the clock rate the same.)  Still, you won't have enough work to use both cores, or worse all 4 hyperthreads if it is a core that supports hyperthreading.  So, it is generally faster than a single core chip at the same clock rate, but how much depends upon your workload.
And, incredibly enough, under the right workloads and the right configuration, you can sometimes make the dual core more than 2 times faster than a single core version.  However, most of this is covered by the phrase: lies, damned lies, statistics, and benchmarking.  I know because I used to do benchmarks for Intel's (network processing group), so we created benchmarks for various chips under development doing various networking tasks, e.g. acting like routers or web servers, etc.  Depending upon what we wanted to show, we would often pick different chips to do the demonstration.  It wasn't a lie, but it was very carefully tuned.   Not the kind of workload you as a home user are likely to get, but maybe appropriate for a use-case Google, AT&T, or Cisco might have in mind.
And, by the way, there are sadly cases where the other side of that equation is true, where a dual core chip is actually slower than a single core chip.  Fortunately those cases are also rare.
But whichever case applies, if you are a home user, you can assume that generally, you are getting some speed up, probably not quite 2x, more like 1.2-1.8x, but some.  And, more importantly, it probably gets better when the system is under load.  The more you push your computer to do many things at once, the more likely you get better performance out of a dual core machine.
And the number of cores that exhibit a performance boost is also generally limited.  You don't get another 2x boost by going to 4 cores (except in particularly limited cases), much less a third 2x by going to 8 or a fourth by going to 16.  Yes, it is possible to contrive such cases, but they are definitely not the norm.
So, my 4 core Atom netbook is still noticeably slower than this Xeon laptop and it isn't due to core count or even clock frequency.  The speed at which your computer runs is much more complicated than that.  But, if I have only one website open, the netbook seems to run just as fast at this laptop because the real limiting factor is network bandwidth, not computer speed at all.


Russia's Sergey Ustiugov extended his lead after winning for a second successive day on stage two of the Tour de Ski in Val Müstair.
Norway's Ingvild Flugstad Østberg took the lead after winning the second stage of the corresponding women's competition in the Swiss resort.
Ustiugov, competing in the absence of many of his team-mates after they were suspended by the International Ski Federation due to being implicated in last month's McLaren Report, attacked in the closing kilometre to win the 10 kilometres mass start race.
He had won the men's freestyle sprint victory in the opening stage yesterday.
A lead group was whittled down to around 20 heading into the final lap before Ustiugov attacked to win by 1.9 seconds in 24min 50.0sec.
Martin Johnsrud Sundby of Norway finished second and his team-mate Didrik Toenseth crossed third 2.3 seconds behind.
"I had great skis," said Ustiugov.
"The service team did a great job.
"The pace was very high from the beginning.
"I did not expect I would be leaving Val Müstair with two wins and the lead in the Tour de Ski."
Ustiugov now leads defending champion Sundby by 18.9 seconds in the overall standings.
Alex Harvey of Canada lies third, 59.6 seconds behind the winner.
Østberg enjoyed a seven second victory in the women's race after crossing first in 13:21.20.
Team-mate Heidi Weng finished second seven seconds behind.
A Norwegian clean-sweep was completed by Krista Parmakoski in third, 11.4 behind.
Østberg leads Weng by 10.3 seconds in the overall category.
Sweden Stina Nilsson lies third 23.8 seconds behind the leader.
A rest day will take place tomorrow before action is due to resume on Tuesday (January 3) with a skiathlon in the German resort of Oberstdorf.
Further individual and mass start are then scheduled to be held in the Italian resorts of Toblach and Val di Fiemme on Friday and Saturday (January 6 and 7) before the Tour de Ski concludes with a climb free technique pursuit next Sunday (January 8).