text:
Mail us today
info@baitussalam.org
For details call
+92-21-111-298-111
Our Mission Our Story Our Values Chairman's Message Thematic Areas Our History
Baitussalam believes that the root cause of growing poverty, unprecedented challenges and decline of Muslims around the world despite having blessed with abundance of natural, human and technological resources is negligence and deviation from the purpose and way of life prescribed by the Almighty creator Allah SWT through Quran and Sunnah. Muslim Ummah around the world needs to learn and transform all systems including education, trade and commerce, business, social justice, governance etc in compliance with Islamic teachings.
Baitussalam mission is to mobilize the Muslim philanthropist to facilitate the transformation of marginalized and impoverished Muslims around the world through initiating social discourse and by promoting value-based services particularly in the fields of education, human and community development, social welfare, and humanitarian services.
Baitussalam welfare trust (BWT) in Karachi, Pakistan is a non-profit relief and development organization that is dedicated to alleviating human suffering and supporting the destitute in their efforts to become more self-sufficient.
Through all its interventions, Baitussalam promotes Islamic Values including, solely seeking pleasure of Allah SWT ((رٖضا الہی, higher purpose (مقصد), brotherhood ((اخوت, Selflessness (ایثار), Sincerity (اخلاص), self-sacrifice (التضحیۃ بالنفس), Service (خدمت), Volunteering (رضاکاری), Compassion (رحمت) , Justice (عدل ), and preservation of every human life, rights, self-respect and dignity (ہر فرد کی جان،حقوق، عزتِ نفس اور وقار کا تحفظ).
Baitussalam's operations exemplifies the Islamic values of transparency(شفافیت) , Honesty (دیانت), Custodianship (امانت), accountability (جوابدہی ( and compliance with Shariah and laws of the land ۔(شرعی احکامات اور قوانین کی پاسداری)
The services are provided to deserving and needy, belonging to any religion, caste or creed.
Maulana Abdul Sattar حفظ اللہ
@MAbdul_Sattar
Serving the humanity and alleviating their sufferings is an obligation on the Muslims, as well as our national identity. Allhamdullilah, since its creation in 2010, Baitussalam Welfare Trust is extending its efforts by supporting the deprived and underprivileged in the fields of both welfare and education, and thus has touched the lives of over 100 million people. These traits express the belief and define the culture of the organization and serve as a means of enlightenment of our hearts and achieving spiritual contentment.
We cannot educate the poor and eradicate poverty all by ourselves; it is an collective effort that necessitates the nation's contribution. Together we can inspire and enable other humanitarians to respond rapidly to disasters and injustice around the world, fight poverty through our Islamic values and make a positive change for the entire Muslim Ummah.
The Trust serves in the fields of Education, Publications, Healthcare, Sports, Community Sustainable Development, Shelter, Safe Water Supply, Food Security, Non-food Essential Items, Transport, Event Management, Skill Development, Livestock, Agriculture, Livelihood, Recycling and Waste Management, Environment Conservation and Energy along with other Welfare, Relief and Charitable causes. It also provides specialised services to Muslims around the world including Aqiqa Qurbani, Iftari Programs in Ramadan, Waqf Qurbani during Eid-ul-Adha, Burial Services, Construction and rehabilitation of mosques and Muslim schools.
Currently, Baitussalam's operations are spread across Pakistan as well as in Syria, Turkey and Bangladesh through our international partners.
Founded in December 2010, Baitussalam Welfare Trust came into being after the devastating floods in Sindh and Punjab rendered thousands homeless. Hadhrat Maulana Abdus Sattar (DB) and like-minded humanitarians from varying professional and social backgrounds, came together to lend a helping hand. Maulana Abdul Sattar envisions a world of peace, compassion, and justice where the needy and helpless achieve a fulfilled life. Together with working in all parts of Pakistan, we have also provided humanitarian help to Rohingya and Syrian refugees.
MILESTONES & ACHIEVEMENTS
Projects local & international
Basic education centers
Beneficiaries of meat distribution
Monthly meals distributed
Students enrolled in Jamia Baitussalam
Scholarships granted
Bamboo houses for Rohingya refugees
Widows & Children supported in Syria
Publication & media viewerships
Worth of medicines supplied
Clothes shared
Patients treated
Flood Relief Campaign 2022
Baitussalam Welfare Trust (BWT) is a Pakistan-based charity & welfare organisation, that creates opportunities for Muslims around the world to learn and practice the obligation of charity, humanitarian and social welfare services grounded in Islamic principles and contribute in the sustainable socio-economic development under the supervision of learned and experienced Islamic Scholars. Baitussalam is registered as international charity in FBR, Karachi Chambers of Commerce, and is enlisted in the second schedule of the Income Tax Ordinance under clause 61 and clause 66 in the Federal Finance Budget 2020. All donations to Baitussalam are eligible for tax credit.
Baitussalams Newsletter
Tweets by Baitussalam_Org
26-C, Sunset Commercial Street No.2 Khayaban-e-jami, Phase IV, DHA, Karachi Pakistan
Follow us on your favorite social media
'; // } $($response).hide().prependTo("#footer-mailchimp-subscription-form").fadeIn("slow"); } }); }); });
Copyright ©2019 Baitussalam Welfare Trust (BWT). All Rights Reserved


Right before the season, my boy Clooney posed the question: "What are the top 10 basketball programs, either current or all-time?" With the help of the JCI, we can rank teams over multiple seasons, say the last 10 years. But before I post the results, I thought I'd throw the topic out there for discussion. Who do you think would be in the top 10 over the last 10 years (note the change, originally I had 5 years but switched it to 10)? Or put another way, if you had to create a bracket using performance over the last 5 years instead of the current year, who would be your 1 seeds, 2 seeds, etc? Post your comments below.
I had originally replied via e-mail but it looks like Wego and I have the same teams...although slightly different order.
I agree with the 'Others to mention" but maybe add Oklahoma to that list.
my issue with your list is all 5 of the last 5 champs have solid resumes over the designated time period. i have a hard time putting anyone who has no ring above those 5. i thought hard about both msu and illini, but couldnt do it. no ring, then no top 5. only way i can validate an argument against that is if they had multiple second place finishes and your top 5 of kentucky, kansas and msu do not fit that bill. when we move to last 10 years, i feel those 3 will be recognized. not scrutinizing your list too much because you probably just did this off top of your head or thought about it a while, but no hard research, just validating where i was coming from.
granted there is much less luck involved, but i feel it is like our fantasy football league. no matter what, the top 10 teams of all time are the 10 champs. after that, there can be plenty of discussion, but those 10 teams are locked in those slots. even the beamteam from 2 years ago. a ring is a ring, and like my main man ronnie harper used to stutter, it ddddont mean a thththing if you aint got thththat ring.
Just to clarify...I agre with Wego's assessment of needing the ring. However I was taking a guess as to which programs would show up on the list "according to the JCI"...which as far as I know do not take championships into account.


text:
Leipzig Tourismus und Marketing (LTM) GmbH's goal is to establish Leipzig as a private and business travel destination.
The company completely overhauled its online presence, transitioning to a Typo3-based interactive website. LTM engaged us to provide the English translation for the website while laying the foundations for other languages which are difficult to source from German.
To provide a more interactive, dynamic user experience, LTM made the decision to move their website to the Typo3 enterprise-class CMS. While this provided greater functionality in terms of content management and more flexible ways to display said content, it also created the challenge of a very large, deeply fragmented site containing many nested levels of content. The challenge for the translation service provider was how to access all the relevant content and provide excellent marketing translations with a low level of insight into the finished product and without the ability to take the website offline during the translation process.
We implemented powerful plug-in tools for our software that allowed us to access the German content in batches, translate and revise it, and send it back without the client having to do more than push a button at either end. We automated almost every step of the process, including managing the suppliers doing the translation and proofreading work. We also developed a tool that let us have a live preview of the pages, giving suppliers context to deliver the best work possible. In addition, there was almost no need for the website developers to intervene once the pages were up and running, saving a huge amount of time and money on the development side of things.
By mid-2018, the LTM website was fully translated into English. New content items are also easily handled via this process, which will allow for the website to be provided in a number of additional languages in the near future.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.stovokor.util

import java.io.FileWriter
import java.io.BufferedWriter
import scala.io.Source
import java.io.File

object JsonFiles {
  import org.json4s._
  import org.json4s.jackson.Serialization
  import org.json4s.jackson.Serialization.{ read, write }

  implicit val formats = Serialization.formats(NoTypeHints)

  def save[T <: AnyRef](path: String, obj: T): T = {
    val json = write(obj)
    val file = new File(path)
    println(s"Saving ${file.getAbsolutePath}")
    val bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file))
    bw.write(json)
    bw.close()
    obj
  }

  def load[T <: AnyRef](path: String)(implicit mf: Manifest[T]): T = {
    val file = new File(path)
    val json = Source.fromFile(file).mkString
    read(json)
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This is a brand page for the BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark by Design Center Solutions in Sausalito, CA, 94965.
Write a review about a product or service associated with this BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark. Or, contact the owner Design Center Solutions of the BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark by filing a request to communicate with the Legal Correspondent for licensing, use, and/or questions related to the BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark.
On Monday, March 1, 2004, a U.S. federal trademark registration was filed for BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS. The USPTO has given the BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark serial number of 78376622. The current federal status of this trademark filing is CONTINUED USE NOT FILED WITHIN GRACE PERIOD, UN-REVIVABLE. The correspondent listed for BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS is Design Center Solutions of One Harbor Dr. Suite 201, Sausalito, CA 94965, . The BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark is filed in the category of Computer & Software Products & Electrical & Scientific Products . The description provided to the USPTO for BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS is Providing multi-media products, namely, prerecorded, customized CD-ROM's and DVD-ROM's featuring stages of home construction, orientation and maintenance for new home builders and their contractors.
Trademarkia-Network law firms can help you incorporate a business around your BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark in less than 5 minutes. Trademarkia makes the process easy and convenient, so start now!
Design Center Solutions is a correspondent of BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS trademark.
BRIDGEWAY BUILDER SOLUTIONS is providing Providing multi-media products, namely, prerecorded, customized CD-ROM's and DVD-ROM's featuring stages of home construction, orientation and maintenance for new home builders and their contractors.


What is a Test Session?
Figure skating in the U.S. can be either competitive or recreational, and those learning to skate can choose either route. While competitive skaters are required to participate in the U.S. testing structure to eventually compete in qualifying competitions, recreational skaters can also opt to take tests in order to continually challenge themselves and their abilities. The official tests of U.S. Figure Skating may be taken by all figure skaters who are members of a member club or collegiate club, individual members who are currently registered with U.S. Figure Skating and are otherwise qualified under these rules. Test sessions can only be held under the auspices and control of a member club. Sessions are organized and run under procedures outlined in the U.S. Figure Skating rulebook and judged by USFSA judges, according to standards established by the association. Tests are marked on a "pass" or "retry" basis. Some tests have numeric marks associated with them that determine if the test is a "pass" or "retry." These are used to establish a "passing" average, and judges use this number as a basis for the quality of the test. Different tests have different standards for "pass" and "retry," along with different procedures for re-skating elements in a test. For details, candidates should consult the rulebook for the particular test to be taken. If a test is marked "retry" a skater may not retake the test prior to the 27th following the date of the original test.


text:
This content is also available in: Español, Português
Offgrid Finance
India, Kenya, Mexico, South Africa, Agriculture & Food, Energy, Financial Services, Environmental Action & Climate Change, Impact Measurement and Management, Jobs and Economic Growth
Communication & Content Creation Intern
Enviu
ANDE Announces Winners of the Accelerating Women Climate Entrepreneurs Fund
By Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs
The Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs (ANDE) today announced that three organizations in Africa have been selected to receive funds under the Accelerating Women Climate Entrepreneurs (AWCE) Fund.
The AWCE Fund, an activity under the Accelerating Women Climate Entrepreneurs project, aims to contribute to poverty reduction and respond to climate change by identifying and promoting good practices to support women entrepreneurs in climate-related value chains. The AWCE project also places an emphasis on developing a road map for international development stakeholders to provide further gender-responsive support to women climate entrepreneurs and intermediaries.
Global, East Africa, South Africa, West Africa
Asobo
How do African SMEs respond to climate risks? Evidence from Kenya and Senegal
By F. Crick, S. Eskander, S. Fankhauser, M. Diop
World Development
This paper investigates to what extent and how micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries are adapting to climate risks. We use a questionnaire survey to collect data from 325 SMEs in the semi-arid regions of Kenya and Senegal and analyze this information to estimate the quality of current adaptation measures, distinguishing between sustainable and unsustainable adaptation. We then study the link between these current adaptation practices and adaptation planning for future climate change. We find that financial barriers are a key reason why firms resort to unsustainable adaptation, while general business support, access to information technology and adaptation assistance encourages sustainable adaptation responses. Engaging in adaptation today also increases the likelihood that a firm is preparing for future climate change. The finding lends support to the strategy of many development agencies who use adaptation to current climate variability as a way of building resilience to future climate change. There is a clear role for public policy in facilitating good adaptation. The ability of firms to respond to climate risks depends in no small measure on factors such as business environment that can be shaped through policy intervention.
Research, Environment, Environmental Action & Climate Change, Kenya, Senegal, Sub-Saharan Africa, English
Investment Manager, Africa
Kiva Microfunds
Capacity Development Provider
Agri Frontier Limited
Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Agriculture & Food, Business Training, Investment
Systemic Venture Building Is Pivotal to Tackle World's Largest Challenges. Here's Why and How
Michiel Elich (Enviu), Marieke Lenders (Enviu)
The climate and biodiversity crisis presents enormous challenges and at the same time, COVID19 has made evident the profound social flaws and inequalities of our economic system. Impact driven venturing is a critical instrument to tackle these challenges, achieve impact at scale and do it fast.
Member Spotlight, Kenya
Research or Advisory Service Provider
Rainbow Consult
Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda
Which Type of Producer Organization is (More) Inclusive? Dynamics of Farmers' Membership and Participation in the Decision-Making Process
By M. Mwambi, J. Bijman, R. Mshenga
Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics
"Producer organizations (POs) provide benefits to smallholders by alleviating market access challenges. However, whether all farmers benefit from a PO is still a question. Limited evidence is available on whether POs are inclusive of poor farmers. Even if the poor join, do they participate in decision‐making? We conducted interviews with 595 smallholder dairy farmers in Kenya. We distinguish three groups; members of a bargaining PO, members of a processing PO and non‐members. We show that membership is related to the structural characteristics of the organization: processing POs favor membership of farmers that are wealthier, more educated and more innovative. As to participation in the decision‐making process: older, male and specialized farmers have a higher chance of being involved than poor farmers. Factors distinguishing farmer participation in decision‐making between bargaining and processing POs are highlighted. We find that a bargaining PO is more inclusive of all groups of farmers, while women and poor farmers are excluded from decision‐making in a processing PO. Our findings contribute to policymaking on inclusive development."
Research, Agriculture & Food, Poverty/Inequality, Kenya, Sub-Saharan Africa, English


text:
Home / News & Comment / Context is hugely important in proprietary estoppel but does it reflect the realities of family life?
Context is hugely important in proprietary estoppel but does it reflect the realities of family life?
Graeme Fraser
The factual background of last month's Court of Appeal's decision Liden v Burton [2016] EWCA Civ 275 involved the acquisition, by Ms Liden, a Swedish national, of a share in the beneficial interest of Mr Burton's home, arising from her monthly contribution, of which there was '£200 towards the house'.
At first instance, the judge clearly preferred the evidence of Ms Liden on all material matters. This included her account that she made the contribution because Mr Burton had told her on numerous occasions that they would be together for the future, that this would be their home, that he would look after her forever. Her witness statement had included the following passage: 'He told me "you have to contribute wherever we live, so why not pay for my house?"'. The Judge concluded that Mr Burton had induced, encouraged, or allowed Ms Liden to believe she was obtaining an interest in the property, that the monthly payments were made in reliance thereon, and that it would be unconscionable for Mr Burton to deny Ms Liden an interest in the property.
Applying Lord Walker's judgment in the Supreme Court's decision in Thorner v Major [2009] 1 WLR 776, Lord Justice Hamblen in the Court of Appeal found that the essential elements of proprietary estoppel had been made out. Context is 'hugely important' as to whether an assurance is sufficiently clear, and the judge was best placed to evaluate that issue, having had the advantage of seeing and hearing the witnesses. Although she did not know the details of Mr Burton's mortgage arrangements, she knew that he was an owner of the house and that her payments were needed if the house was to be kept for the benefit of both of them. Ms Liden would reasonably have understood that her payments were in return for an interest in the house that they were and would be sharing. The combination of reliance and detriment on her part led to and justified the conclusion of unconscionability. The judge had made a reasonable assessment of Ms Liden's claims as being £33,522 (namely a principal sum of £28,800, together with total interest of £4,752), having deducted a reasonable part of the sum paid in respect of items for her direct benefit, and that adding interest at three per cent on a rolling basis meant there was no error in the exercise of his discretion.
In the absence of family law based remedies in domestic property situations, this case demonstrates the strict application of a property law remedy with a view to reflecting the realities of this couple's financial arrangements. The outcome meant that Ms Liden received approximately 10% of the share of the beneficial interest in the property. By contrast, had the couple decided to acquire property in Sweden, where they had initially met and rented together for 6 years before Mr Burton's return to the UK, they could in that scenario have expected an outcome of an equal division of the value of their family home since Swedish cohabitation law intends to reflect family life as meaning that when an unmarried couple live together in a single joint home, this is not comparable with any other type of property.
Follow Graeme Fraser on Twitter @gsf1996.
This work provides commentary, checklists,...
This work provides commentary,...
Cohabitation continues to be fastest growing relationship in UK
Authors: Matthias Mueller
Court decision highlights merits of automatic inheritance rights for cohabitants
Authors: Graeme Fraser
Book review – Cohabitation: Law, Practice and Precedents by District Judge Wood et al


text:
Domestic Box Office For Sep 20, 2004
1 1 Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow $925,482 -76.1% - 3,170 $291 $16,505,760 4 Paramount Pictures false false
2 2 Resident Evil: Apocalypse $643,680 -73.5% -58.4% 3,284 $196 $37,674,942 11 Screen Gems false false
3 3 Mr 3000 $425,375 -78.2% - 2,736 $155 $9,104,403 4 Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures false false
4 5 Wimbledon $416,970 -72.1% - 2,034 $205 $7,535,955 4 Universal Pictures false false
5 4 Cellular $412,000 -74.3% -38.6% 2,749 $149 $20,119,000 11 New Line Cinema false true
6 7 Hero $218,000 -72.2% -44.7% 1,926 $113 $46,308,000 25 Miramax false true
7 6 Without a Paddle $188,926 -77.2% -26.9% 2,610 $72 $50,514,801 32 Paramount Pictures false false
8 9 Collateral $162,231 -68.7% -26.3% 1,605 $101 $96,132,440 46 DreamWorks Distribution false false
9 10 Napoleon Dynamite $149,768 -70.3% -12% 1,024 $146 $33,493,297 102 Fox Searchlight Pictures false false
10 12 The Bourne Supremacy $123,555 -68.3% -28.2% 1,236 $99 $170,572,675 60 Universal Pictures false false
11 13 Vanity Fair $121,000 -68.2% -41.3% 995 $121 $13,702,000 20 Focus Features false true
12 14 Garden State $119,596 -66.7% -28.5% 755 $158 $21,014,260 55 Fox Searchlight Pictures false false
13 15 Paparazzi $107,008 -69.2% -53.1% 1,467 $72 $14,411,355 18 Twentieth Century Fox false false
14 8 The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement $88,391 -83.5% -37.5% 1,902 $46 $91,982,513 41 Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures false false
15 11 Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid $78,437 -82% -48.6% 1,710 $45 $29,880,231 25 Screen Gems false false
16 16 Wicker Park $66,938 -70.5% -64.1% 1,444 $46 $12,358,424 18 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) false false
17 20 The Manchurian Candidate $45,706 -61.8% -44.9% 628 $72 $64,864,256 53 Paramount Pictures false false
18 18 Exorcist: The Beginning $39,430 -72.4% -62.6% 705 $55 $41,070,249 32 Warner Bros. false false
19 19 I, Robot $34,874 -74.4% +43.8% 978 $35 $143,046,356 67 Twentieth Century Fox false false
20 22 Alien vs. Predator $26,604 -72.3% -63.9% 524 $50 $79,250,514 39 Twentieth Century Fox false false
21 25 Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence $24,391 -70.3% - 47 $518 $342,113 4 - false false
22 28 Criminal $15,950 -68.4% -39.2% 87 $183 $593,723 11 Warner Independent Pictures (WIP) false false
23 29 De-Lovely $14,853 -61.7% -41.6% 212 $70 $13,014,018 81 United Artists false false
24 26 Catwoman $13,854 -77.8% +740.1% 230 $60 $39,794,522 60 Warner Bros. false false
25 32 Suspect Zero $12,353 -57.2% -77.4% 319 $38 $8,582,746 25 Paramount Pictures false false
26 27 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban $10,408 -80.7% -32.8% 228 $45 $248,865,262 109 Warner Bros. false false
27 34 Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story $8,052 -67.9% -17.4% 181 $44 $114,065,292 95 Twentieth Century Fox false false
28 31 Before Sunset $7,163 -75.4% -43.6% 87 $82 $5,570,856 81 Warner Independent Pictures (WIP) false false
29 36 We Don't Live Here Anymore $6,871 -69.7% -64.3% 77 $89 $1,911,085 39 Warner Independent Pictures (WIP) false false
30 39 NASCAR: The IMAX Experience $6,610 -64.4% -12% 46 $143 $18,653,422 193 Warner Bros. false false
31 35 Intimate Strangers $6,364 -72.2% -37.5% 72 $88 $1,817,850 53 Paramount Classics false false
32 37 The Day After Tomorrow $6,019 -73.2% +18.5% 184 $32 $186,589,568 116 Twentieth Century Fox false false
33 40 Mean Creek $5,914 -65.8% +16.5% 47 $125 $462,268 32 Paramount Classics false false
34 30 A Cinderella Story $5,193 -84.7% -32.9% 290 $17 $51,145,744 67 Warner Bros. false false
35 38 Garfield $3,144 -85.5% -16.6% 149 $21 $75,186,567 102 Twentieth Century Fox false false
36 33 Yu-Gi-Oh!: The Movie - Pyramid of Light $2,014 -92.3% -70.2% 166 $12 $19,652,509 39 Warner Bros. false false
37 45 Love Me If You Dare $906 +65.9% +41.6% 6 $151 $546,504 123 Paramount Classics false false
38 43 A Home at the End of the World $677 -87.7% -60.2% 14 $48 $1,002,458 60 Warner Independent Pictures (WIP) false false
39 44 I'll Sleep When I'm Dead $197 -68.5% -2.5% 6 $32 $334,910 97 Paramount Classics false false


text:
Mohamed Salah snubbed by FIFA 22 TOTY for Kylian Mbappe and Lionel Messi
Posted Thursday 20th January 2022 on Liverpool Echo
Evra's fierce voice note to Ronaldo before he picked Man Utd over Man City
Manchester United legend Patrice Evra has revealed he sent Cristiano Ronaldo a fierce voice note when it appeared the Portuguese forward would be joining Manchester City in the summer.
In the final days of the transfer window, reports quickly gathered momentum that Ronaldo was set to depart from Juventus and had agreed personal terms with City.
Yet just hours later, it emerged that the legendary goal-scorer's City move was nothing more than a decoy and distraction to force Man United's hand, with Ronaldo agreeing a £12.86million return to Old Trafford that day.
And Evra has revealed that he had some stern words for his former teammate and friend when it appeared he would be betraying United to join their rivals.
Cristiano Ronaldo and Patrice Evra have been close since their days at Manchester United (Image: Getty Images)
Chelsea's "arrogance" cost them win against Man Utd says Roy Keane
Speaking at Amazon's Black Friday Live at Victoria House, Evra said: "I sent him a voice note. I won't say what it was in the voice note but it was not a nice voice note.
"I was like - you can't go to City, that's a fact."
Ronaldo's move to Man United has since produced mixed results this season.
The five-time Ballon d'Or winner has already scored a stunning ten goals and bailed his side out with late goals on numerous occasions.
But the Red Devils' overall play has declined since last season as they sit eighth in the league, leading pundits and fans to question whether the ex-Real Madrid star's signing has prevented their progress.
Do you think Cristiano Ronaldo should have joined Man City instead? Let us know in the comments section.
Cristiano Ronaldo was a frustrated figure at Stamford Bridge (Image: GETTY)
Want to be on the ball with all of the latest football news?
Well then sign up for the brilliant Daily Star football email newsletter!
From the latest transfer news to the agenda-setting stories, get it all in your email inbox - don't miss a thing.
It only takes a matter of seconds.
Simply type your email address into the box at the top of this article and hit 'subscribe'.
And that's it, job done. You'll receive an email with all of the top news stories every single morning.
You can find out more information on our email newsletter on this link here.
Ronaldo was dropped to the bench by caretaker manager Michael Carrick for the Chelsea game on Sunday and looked a frustrated figure when he finally came on in the second half.
Carrick's side managed to earn a point against the league leaders but will expect to win all three points when they face Arsenal at home on Thursday.
Evra, who will be cover the match as a pundit alongside Arsenal legend Thierry Henry, insisted that United "needed to go rough" on the Gunners.
He added: "If they (Arsenal) lose, you should watch Amazon Prime Video!"


text:
Small Business Checking & Savings
Small Business Cash Management
Small Business Real Estate
Small Business Online & Mobile Banking
Wintrust at Work
Condo, Townhouse & Homeowners Associations
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
Governments, Not-for-Profits & Healthcare
How to measure the impact of your charitable donations
by Sandra Block
Financial Education / How to measure the impact of your charitable donations
If a mutual fund sales rep called during dinner to give you his spiel, you'd probably hang up or insist that he send a prospectus outlining the fund's management, portfolio and performance relative to its peers.
A group of former hedge fund managers, tech entrepreneurs and academics have applied the same no-nonsense approach to philanthropy. Effective altruism focuses on charities doing the most good for the least amount of money.
The movement was pioneered by GiveWell, a nonprofit founded in 2007 to support underfunded organizations that can provide evidence that their programs produce results. One of its top charities, Against Malaria Foundation, buys and distributes insecticide-treated malaria nets. The nets, which cost AMF between $5.30 and $7.50 each, save thousands of lives in developing countries. And AMF can scale up quickly. "It's easy to see that if you give them more money, they're going to spend it on more bed nets," says GiveWell research analyst Sean Conley.
Supporters of effective altruism tend to favor small charities such as AMF because it's easy to determine whether they're making a difference. They also prefer charities that focus on the developing world because small amounts of money can make a huge difference in the lives of people who may live on less than $2 a day.
Whether you give to charities across the street or around the world, you can adopt some of GiveWell's ideas to make your own philanthropy more effective.
Limit your disaster giving. Major natural disasters, such as earthquakes and floods, trigger an outpouring of donations. But in the aftermath of a catastrophe, aid organizations are often unable to use all the money. Within days after the 2011 tsunami in Japan, for example, the Japanese Red Cross said it didn't need donations. A better idea: Give to charities that provide treatment for chronic diseases, such as malaria and tuberculosis, that kill thousands of people every day.
Focus on impact, not overhead. Charity watchdog groups often rate organizations based on the amount they spend on administrative costs versus programs. That seems logical: Donors don't want their money used to pay for excessive salaries and plush offices. But such ratios (which are usually self-reported) discriminate against charities that invest wisely in tools and expertise. When you invest in a company, you look at whether it makes a good product, not how much it spends on operations, says Oxford University professor William MacAskill, author of Doing Good Better: How Effective Altruism Can Help You Make a Difference.
Overhead is only one of several measures that Charity Navigator, the largest watchdog site, uses to evaluate a charity, says chief executive Michael Thatcher. A planned update of the site's rating system will include a way to quantify whether a charity gets results.
Look to the future. Savvy investors know that past performance is no guarantee of future returns. That applies to charities, too. A charity may already have enough in reserve to fulfill its mission, or it may be so small that it's unable to spend more money effectively. Whether a group has "room for more funding" is one of the criteria that GiveWell uses to rate its top charities.
Copyright 2015 The Kiplinger Washington Editors
This article was written by Sandra Block, Senior Associate Editor and Kiplinger's Personal Finance from Kiplinger and was legally licensed through the NewsCred publisher network. Please direct all licensing questions to legal@newscred.com.
How to brace yourself for a Polar Vortex 2.0
3 things the average American should know about Social Security
by Maurie Backman
Which loan should you pay off first? A guide to tackling your debt
by Chris Muller


text:
Dr. Sheri's Appearances
Chatting or Cheating IN THE NEWS:
Contact Talk Radio Network, Syndicated; Create Change Now; 11:00am EDT
Contact Talk Radio Network, Syndicated; Empowering Women from Boardroom to Bedroom; 8:15pm EDT
KFAI-FM, Minneapolis/St. Paul MN; Health Notes; 2:00pm CT
KBPI-FM, Denver, CO; Your Morning Show; 8:00am MT
94.5 The Bull Rock, Toronto, Canada; The Bullpen; 9:10sam EDT
WGAU-AM Atlanta, GA; Barbara Dooley Show; 8:50 am EDT
WATD-FM, Boston, MA; South Shore AM News; 8:40am EDT
WOCM-FM, Ocean City, MD; Bulldog & The Rude Awakening Show; 8:50am EDT
WUML-AM, Boston, MA; It's Your Health; 9:00am EDT
WFLA-AM, Tampa, FL; AM Tampa Bay; 9:20am EDT
KVI-AM, Seattle, WA; KVI Smart Talk; 6:35am PDT
WCHE-AM, Philadelphia, PA; The Brynn Project; 10:25am EDT
KRDO-FM, Colorado Springs, CO; KRDO's Morning News; 8:48am MDT
KBPI-FM, Denver, CO; Your Morning Show; 9:00am MDT
WHFS-AM, Washington, DC; The Business of Wisdom; 12:00pm EDT
KRLD-AM, Dallas, TX; KRLD Morning News; 11:10am CDT
TBD, Toronto, CA; The Bullpen; 12:30pm EDT
WZNE-FM, Rochester, NY; The Zone; 1:00pm EDT
KDKA-AM, Pittsburgh, PA; Star Morning Show, 12:45pm EDT
KFWB News – Are you Chatting or Cheating?
3-12-12 4pm & 6pm Sheri talks with Maggie Mckay at KFWB News about how easily chatting can turn into cheating, especially in our cyber age. They also discuss ways to protect and affair-proof your relationship and make it strong.
Watch Dr. Sheri on FOX News discussing Chatting or Cheating
3-10-12 5pm FOX News – Sheri talks with Phil Shuman about her new book, Chatting and Cheating and what to become aware of in this new age of infidelity.


Devi Mahalaxmi - Brass Statue 12"
The beautiful brass figure of Goddess Lakshmi is given a spectacular treatment with some exquisite carvings on it. The figure reveals a deep sense of feminism and gracefulness. Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth and prosperity and worshipping her gives us wealth and prosperity. She is the wife of Lord Vishnu. The figure contains some exquisite carvings and she is wearing heavily ornate clothes.


It has reports on Gandhi from the Kannada, Marathi, Telugu, and Urdu press. The white press described him in editorials, reports, even satirical poems as a scheming, manipulative agitator who was.
Dec 31, 2018 · The next six months were perhaps the most peaceful, and enjoyable time in Pete's life. It had taken a simple statement from Pete to have him removed from Miss Sarah's care, and a quick guardianship hearing the week after for Amelia to have the boy officially move in with she and Ashley.
"Chor Puran", published seven years ago, is a collection of short stories and poems with the central character of Chor. Like all human beings the thief also falls in love and writes long love.
Aligarh's dialogues, written by Asrani, contain prose and poetry which are inspired by Siras's award-winning book of Marathi poems – Paya Khalchi Hirawal. "Two human beings being in love with each.
New Year Resolutions – Details about funny new year resolutions, funny resolutions for new year, funny new year's resolutions, popular new year resolutions, famous new year resolutions.
The Marathi people or Maharashtrians are an ethnolinguistic group who speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language as their native language. They inhabit the state of Maharashtra as well as districts bordering the state, such as Belgaum and Karwar of Karnataka and the state of Goa in western India. Their language, Marathi, is part of the of Indo-Aryan language family.
May 14, 2017 · Lyrics of Marathi Songs. You deeply and fondly love the melodious Marathi songs? You can now enjoy them more, as we bring Marathi lyrics of your favorite songs at one place!!!
The poem talks of teenage crush and romance. "It was already there in the story. The girls are from the age of 15 to 19. They are dealing with crushes and love and parents not. woman who had vowed.
It provides a context and lends character to the poems: Kublai: I do not know when you have. Amma whispered in the wind—Be real./Take a husband of good stock. As for love, it's blind./Appa's voice.
Hira Bansode, a Marathi Dalit poet, gestures at the politics of Shabari's life. In her poem To Shabri, Bansode writes: "Instead of berries Why didn't you ask of omniscient Ram… About the heart-rending.
Marathi Bhajan Lyrics – Read and memorize the traditional Marathi Bhajans Lyrics from various saints and lost in spirituality.
Meanwhile, the same period saw the penning of epic love. s poem 'Padmavati'. Elaborating the mirror incident, it states: "According to Muhammadan historians, Ratan Sen was the ruler of Chittor.
Introvert Meaning In Marathi ★[ INTROVERT MEANING IN MARATHI ]★ My Expected Social Security Benefit ★ Introvert Meaning In Marathi ★★ Get your Ex Boyfriend Ex Husband or Ex Girlfriend or Ex wife back using text messages.Introvert Meaning In Marathi People begin to connect accessible together when they share a smile and enjoy a laugh one another.
Linguistic Perspectives and Existential Anxiety in Arun Kolatkar's Poems. two years ago he was not known to us. Arun Balkrishna Kolatkar (1932 –2004) was a poet from Maharashtra, wrote in both Marathi and English. Radically experimental in nature, his poems are oblique, whimsical, mysterious, baffling and at the same time dark, sinister, and sarcastic and funny.
Javed wrote a poem specially dedicated to Shaad and Aarti's togetherness that he recited at the wedding.The marital couple and the guest were on tears on hearing Javed's words about a love that.
It is based on the book Rau by Marathi novelist NS Inamdar. But it begins with a disclaimer, which states that the film isn't professing to be historically accurate. Bajirao Mastani plays out a like.
Photograph: Seema Pant for Rediff.com Renowned author Nayantara Sahgal was invited to inaugurate the Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan in Yavatmal. We killed your husband, didn't we?' It was.
Only in love with someone else girlfriend licensed premises in the united kingdom are allowed to sell Alcohol but there is no restriction on Alcoholic beverages available as being a prize in a raffle: Or even AOL Picture albumBing! H1 tags will always free arrest records knoxville tn be of big importance and Google�s algorithms choose these to find the relevancy of the content material.
One must also incorporate not just the religious Bhakti movement but also the ancient tradition of love poetry in. There was Marathi poet Shobha Bhagwat's opinion on husbands (' Where can one find.
I've buried my husband. I've done the. READ: How to Love Like You are Dying These interviews are overlaid with Irish actor Gabriel Byrne's recitation of the Dylan Thomas poem "Do Not Go Gentle Into.
The film has two love songs, a sad one that talks about a breakup and a fun song that plays upon the sweet and salty relationship shared between a husband and wife. Melodious music is the USP of.
"I had disgraced my well-known family by telling my readers that I had fallen in love with a man other than my lawfully wedded husband. Why. PEN India published her first poems when she was 14 and.
"Someone ought to write a poem on who killed the city of Mumbai. thanks to Jerry Pinto's succinct translation from the Marathi, it is the quotidian machinery of an urban existence that grabs the.
Happy valentines Day Sms & Text Messages for Husband & Wife. The best valentines day sms today in this 21 st century in this digital world there are hundreds of ways to show your love but the easiest is to express your love via messages. So simply copy these lovely valentines day sms or text messages and send them to your loved one.
Kiran Nagarkar is perhaps the only prominent Indian author writing in English to have begun his literary career in his mother tongue, Marathi. He is best known. cinema sings her songs and praises.
Kia Scherr, who lost her husband. out a poem, My Mumbai Story In Haiku, recounting the tragedy. She bore no malice to anyone, Scherr told the audience, adding that she wanted people "to rise from.
Valentines Day Facebook Cover Photos Images With Quotes For FB Wall & Timeline: Valentines Day Facebook Cover, Valentines Day Facebook Cover Photos, Valentines Day Facebook Cover Images, Valentines Day Facebook Cover Timeline Photos.Everyone knows the St. Valentine's day is the worldwide festival and its celebrates in every country. Every country has their different tradition to.
While Devika designed the wedding, her husband. love to create. For the main ceremony, we chose a palette of lavender, soft pink and powder blue. Anushka and Virat are very spiritual and great.


The wall has almost surrounded the site. Lots of progress has been made since the earlier posts.
The new year started with a visit to the site by Mara from EVA and Khenpo Tenpa to see the significant progress that has been made on the boundary wall. Spirits were high visiting this wonderful place.


This qualification reflects the role of individuals operating at a senior level who use a substantial depth of knowledge of the industry and managerial techniques. They have wide-ranging, specialised managerial skills, operate independently and are responsible for making a range of strategic business decisions.
This qualification provides a pathway to work in any sector of the tourism and travel industry as a senior manager.
It is strongly recommended that individuals entering this qualification have vocational experience in a coordination or management role in the tourism and travel industry or event sector.
After achieving this qualification, individuals may engage in learning in higher education qualifications in Tourism, Travel and related areas.
Be formally assessed through a training program or recognition process, against one of the unit clusters below.
Have relevant tourism and travel industry employment experience. A job that has involved the application of skills described in one of the unit clusters would be a satisfactory indicator for entry. A determination need not involve a formal process of measuring, evaluating or recording performance against the units of competency.
Consulting with personnel at all levels about sales, operational and service issues, workplace practices, policies and procedures; communicating strategic business goals to supervisors and managers; discussing supply options and negotiating purchases with suppliers; writing comprehensive yet easily accessible plans, policies, procedures and reports.
Researching and critically analysing current and emerging travel or tourism industry practices, market and product trends; generating and testing ideas for new or improved products and services; initiating the development of new products and services; engaging and persuading personnel at all levels to generate innovative ideas for new or improved products and service delivery.
Developing and maintaining knowledge required to strategically manage the business, proactively maintaining and updating knowledge of travel or tourism industry practices, trends, products, services and suppliers; seeking travel or tourism industry professional development opportunities for self and others; developing training strategies for the organisation.
Developing overall business plans for sustainable and profitable operation; developing new products, forecasting and managing resource requirements; developing and evaluating strategic plans, policies, procedures and business practices for legal compliance and effective delivery of travel or tourism products and services; developing and leading continuous improvement processes for operational and service efficiency.
Developing and implementing a range of strategies to address business management problems; analysing systematic operational or service failures, working with supervisors and managers to develop practical solutions and developing continuous improvement processes for sales, operational and service efficiency; analysing and evaluating the effectiveness of strategic solutions to business management problems.
Having a comprehensive knowledge of the objectives and content of laws that specifically relate to the travel or tourism industry and developing business compliance practices; operating with significant autonomy, reviewing and reflecting on own work performance; taking responsibility for the strategic management of travel or tourism business practices across a range of activities including business planning, asset management, finances, marketing, human resources, customer service and workplace health and safety.
Fostering workplace diversity; establishing work team goals and teamwork strategies; developing training strategies for effective teamwork throughout the business; involving personnel at all levels in the planning of business practices, policies and procedures; motivating and leading management teams.
Selecting and using technologies used in the travel or tourism industry to support strategic management functions; researching new and emerging technologies required to manage the sales, operational and service activities of the travel or tourism business; developing skill development strategies required for implementing new business technologies.


This page provides Zambia GDP per capita PPP current values, historical data and charts. Zambia GDP per capita PPP is updated Yearly, is measured in USD and is calculated by World Bank. AssetMacro Database holds data for the indicator Zambia GDP per capita PPP since 1990.
Download Historical Data for Zambia GDP per capita PPP and 20,000+ other macroeconomic datasets covering 120 countries using our web platform, Excel or Python API.


text:
namespace nyx {

enum Precedence {
  NONE,
  ASSIGNMENT, // =
  OR, // or
  AND, // and
  EQUALITY, // == !=
  COMPARISON, // < <= > >=
  TERM, // + -
  FACTOR, // * /
  UNARY, // + - !
  CALL, // . () []
  PRIMARY,
};

inline Precedence operator+(Precedence a, int b) {
  return Xenum::as_enum<Precedence>(Xenum::as_int<int>(a) + b);
}

class CompileParser;

static CompileParser* _curr_cp{};

struct ParseRule {
  std::function<void (CompileParser*, bool)> prefix;
  std::function<void (CompileParser*, bool)> infix;
  Precedence precedence;
};

struct Local {
  Token name;
  int depth{-1};
  bool upvalue{};

  Local(const Token& lname, int ldepth = -1, bool lupvalue = false)
    : name(lname), depth(ldepth), upvalue(lupvalue) {}
  void assign(const Token& lname, int ldepth, bool lupvalue = false) {
    name = lname;
    depth = ldepth;
    upvalue = lupvalue;
  }
};

struct Upvalue {
  u8_t index{};
  bool local{};

  Upvalue(u8_t idx, bool l) : index(idx), local(l) {}
  void assign(u8_t idx, bool l) {
    index = idx;
    local = l;
  }
};

enum class FunctionKind {
  FUNCTION, // function
  CTOR, // constructor of class
  METHOD, // method of class

  TOP_LEVEL,
};

struct CompilerImpl {
  CompilerImpl* enclosing{};
  FunctionObject* function{};
  FunctionKind fun_kind{FunctionKind::FUNCTION};
  std::vector<Local> locals;
  std::vector<Upvalue> upvalues;
  int scope_depth{}; // 0: is global scope

  CompilerImpl(void) {}

  inline void inc_scope_depth(void) { ++scope_depth; }
  inline void dec_scope_depth(void) { --scope_depth; }
  inline void append_local(const Local& v) { locals.push_back(v); }
  inline void append_local(Local&& v) { locals.emplace_back(v); }
  inline void append_upvalue(const Upvalue& v) { upvalues.push_back(v); }
  inline void append_upvalue(Upvalue&& v) { upvalues.emplace_back(v); }
};

struct ClassCompilerImpl {
  ClassCompilerImpl* enclosing{};
  Token name{};
  bool has_superclass{};

  ClassCompilerImpl(
      ClassCompilerImpl* lenclosing, const Token& lname, bool has_super = false)
    : enclosing(lenclosing), name(lname), has_superclass(has_super) {
  }
};

class CompileParser : private UnCopyable {
  VM& vm_;
  Lexer& lex_;
  CompilerImpl* curr_compiler_{};
  ClassCompilerImpl* curr_class_{};
  Token curr_;
  Token prev_;
  bool had_error_{};
  bool panic_mode_{};

  static constexpr int kMaxArguments = 8;

  void error_at(const Token& tok, const str_t& message) {
    if (panic_mode_)
      return;
    panic_mode_ = true;

    std::cerr << "[LINE: " << tok.get_lineno() << "] ERROR at ";
    if (tok.get_kind() == TokenKind::TK_EOF)
      std::cerr << "end";
    else
      std::cerr << "`" << tok.get_literal() << "`";
    std::cerr << ": " << message << std::endl;

    had_error_ = true;
  }

  void error(const str_t& message) {
    error_at(prev_, message);
  }

  void error_at_current(const str_t& message) {
    error_at(curr_, message);
  }

  void emit_byte(u8_t byte) {
    curr_compiler_->function->append_code(byte, prev_.get_lineno());
  }

  void emit_bytes(u8_t byte1, u8_t byte2) {
    emit_byte(byte1);
    emit_byte(byte2);
  }

  void emit_loop(int loop_start) {
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_LOOP);

    // check for overflow
    int offset = curr_compiler_->function->codes_count() - loop_start + 2;
    emit_byte((offset >> 8) & 0xff);
    emit_byte(offset & 0xff);
  }

  int emit_jump(u8_t instruction) {
    emit_byte(instruction);
    emit_bytes(0xff, 0xff);
    return curr_compiler_->function->codes_count() - 2;
  }

  void patch_jump(int offset) {
    int jump = curr_compiler_->function->codes_count() - offset - 2;
    curr_compiler_->function->set_code(offset, (jump >> 8) & 0xff);
    curr_compiler_->function->set_code(offset + 1, jump & 0xff);
  }

  void emit_return(void) {
    if (curr_compiler_->fun_kind == FunctionKind::CTOR)
      emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_GET_LOCAL, 0);
    else
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_NIL);
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_RETURN);
  }

  u8_t make_constant(const Value& value) {
    int constant = curr_compiler_->function->append_constant(value);
    if (constant > UINT8_MAX) {
      error("too many constants in one function");
      return 0;
    }
    return static_cast<u8_t>(constant);
  }

  u8_t identifier_constant(const Token& name) {
    auto s = name.as_string();
    return make_constant(
        StringObject::create(vm_, s.c_str(), static_cast<int>(s.size())));
  }

  void emit_constant(const Value& value) {
    emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_CONSTANT, make_constant(value));
  }

  ParseRule& get_rule(TokenKind kind) {
    static auto or_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->or_exp(b); };
    static auto and_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->and_exp(b); };
    static auto grouping_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->grouping(b); };
    static auto true_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->true_exp(b); };
    static auto false_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->false_exp(b); };
    static auto nil_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->nil(b); };
    static auto numeric_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->numeric(b); };
    static auto string_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->string(b); };
    static auto variable_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->variable(b); };
    static auto binary_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->binary(b); };
    static auto unary_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->unary(b); };
    static auto call_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->call(b); };
    static auto dot_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->dot(b); };
    static auto super_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->super_exp(b); };
    static auto this_fn = [](CompileParser* p, bool b) { p->this_exp(b); };

    static ParseRule _rules[] = {
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_ERROR
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_EOF
      variable_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_IDENTIFIER
      string_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_STRINGLITERAL
      numeric_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_NUMERICCONST

      grouping_fn, call_fn, Precedence::CALL, // TK_LPAREN
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_RPAREN
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_LBRACE
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_RBRACE
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_COMMA
      nullptr, dot_fn, Precedence::CALL, // TK_DOT
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_SEMI
      unary_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_BANG
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::EQUALITY, // TK_BANGEQUAL
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // TK_EQUAL
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::EQUALITY, // TK_EQUALEQUAL
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::COMPARISON, // TK_GREATER
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::COMPARISON, // TK_GREATEREQUAL
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::COMPARISON, // TK_LESS
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::COMPARISON, // TK_LESSEQUAL
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::TERM, // TK_PLUS
      unary_fn, binary_fn, Precedence::TERM, // TK_MINUS
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::FACTOR, // TK_STAR
      nullptr, binary_fn, Precedence::FACTOR, // TK_SLASH

      nullptr, and_fn, Precedence::AND, // KW_AND
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_CLASS
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_ELSE
      false_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_FALSE
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_FOR
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_FUN
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_IF
      nil_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_NIL
      nullptr, or_fn, Precedence::OR, // KW_OR
      // nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_PRINT
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_RETURN
      super_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_SUPER
      this_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_THIS
      true_fn, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_TRUE
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_VAR
      nullptr, nullptr, Precedence::NONE, // KW_WHILE
    };
    return _rules[Xenum::as_int<int>(kind)];
  }

  void parse_precedence(Precedence precedence) {
    advance();

    auto prefix = get_rule(prev_.get_kind()).prefix;
    if (!prefix) {
      error("expected expression");
      return;
    }
    bool can_assign = precedence <= Precedence::ASSIGNMENT;
    prefix(this, can_assign);

    while (precedence <= get_rule(curr_.get_kind()).precedence) {
      advance();
      auto infix = get_rule(prev_.get_kind()).infix;
      if (infix)
        infix(this, can_assign);
    }

    if (can_assign && match(TokenKind::TK_EQUAL)) {
      error("invalid assignment target");
      expression();
    }
  }

  void enter_scope(void) {
    curr_compiler_->inc_scope_depth();
  }

  void leave_scope(void) {
    curr_compiler_->dec_scope_depth();
    while (curr_compiler_->locals.size() > 0 &&
        curr_compiler_->locals.back().depth > curr_compiler_->scope_depth) {
      if (curr_compiler_->locals.back().upvalue)
        emit_byte(OpCode::OP_CLOSE_UPVALUE);
      else
        emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP);
      curr_compiler_->locals.pop_back();
    }
  }

  int resolve_local(CompilerImpl* compiler, const Token& name, bool in_func) {
    int i = static_cast<int>(compiler->locals.size() - 1);
    for (; i >= 0; --i) {
      auto& local = compiler->locals[i];
      if (name.is_equal(local.name)) {
        if (!in_func && local.depth == -1)
          error("cannot read local variable before initializing it");
        return i;
      }
    }
    return -1;
  }

  int add_upvalue(CompilerImpl* compiler, u8_t index, bool is_local) {
    for (int i = 0; i < compiler->function->upvalues_count(); ++i) {
      auto& upvalue = compiler->upvalues[i];
      if (upvalue.index == index && upvalue.local == is_local)
        return i;
    }
    compiler->append_upvalue(Upvalue(index, is_local));
    return compiler->function->inc_upvalues_count();
  }

  int resolve_upvalue(CompilerImpl* compiler, const Token& name) {
    if (compiler->enclosing == nullptr)
      return -1;

    int local = resolve_local(compiler->enclosing, name, true);
    if (local != -1) {
      compiler->enclosing->locals[local].upvalue = true;
      return add_upvalue(compiler, static_cast<u8_t>(local), true);
    }

    int upvalue = resolve_upvalue(compiler->enclosing, name);
    if (upvalue != -1)
      return add_upvalue(compiler, static_cast<u8_t>(upvalue), false);
    return -1;
  }

  void declare_variable(void) {
    if (curr_compiler_->scope_depth == 0)
      return;

    auto name = prev_;
    int begindex = static_cast<int>(curr_compiler_->locals.size() - 1);
    for (int i = begindex; i >= 0; --i) {
      auto& local = curr_compiler_->locals[i];
      if (local.depth != -1 && local.depth < curr_compiler_->scope_depth)
        break;
      if (name.is_equal(local.name))
        error("variable with this name already declared in this scope");
    }

    curr_compiler_->append_local(Local{name, -1, false});
  }

  u8_t parse_variable(const str_t& error_message) {
    consume(TokenKind::TK_IDENTIFIER, error_message);

    declare_variable();
    if (curr_compiler_->scope_depth > 0)
      return 0;

    return identifier_constant(prev_);
  }

  void make_initialized(void) {
    if (curr_compiler_->scope_depth == 0)
      return;
    curr_compiler_->locals.back().depth = curr_compiler_->scope_depth;
  }

  void define_variable(u8_t global) {
    if (curr_compiler_->scope_depth > 0) {
      make_initialized();
      return;
    }

    emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_DEF_GLOBAL, global);
  }

  void name_variable(const Token& name, bool can_assign) {
    u8_t getop, setop;
    int arg = resolve_local(curr_compiler_, name, false);
    if (arg != -1) {
      getop = OpCode::OP_GET_LOCAL;
      setop = OpCode::OP_SET_LOCAL;
    }
    else if ((arg = resolve_upvalue(curr_compiler_, name)) != -1) {
      getop = OpCode::OP_GET_UPVALUE;
      setop = OpCode::OP_SET_UPVALUE;
    }
    else {
      arg = identifier_constant(name);
      getop = OpCode::OP_GET_GLOBAL;
      setop = OpCode::OP_SET_GLOBAL;
    }

    u8_t constant = static_cast<u8_t>(arg);
    if (can_assign && match(TokenKind::TK_EQUAL)) {
      expression();
      emit_bytes(setop, constant);
    }
    else {
      emit_bytes(getop, constant);
    }
  }

  u8_t argument_list(void) {
    u8_t argc = 0;
    if (!check(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN)) {
      do {
        expression();
        ++argc;

        if (argc > kMaxArguments) {
          error("cannot have more than " +
              std::to_string(kMaxArguments) + " arguments");
        }
      } while (match(TokenKind::TK_COMMA));
    }
    consume(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN, "expect `)` after arguments");
    return argc;
  }

  void push_superclass(void) {
    if (curr_class_ == nullptr)
      return;
    name_variable(Token::custom_token("super"), false);
  }

  void true_exp(bool can_assign) {
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_TRUE);
  }

  void false_exp(bool can_assign) {
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_FALSE);
  }

  void nil(bool can_assign) {
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_NIL);
  }

  void numeric(bool can_assign) {
    emit_constant(prev_.as_numeric());
  }

  void string(bool can_assign) {
    auto s = prev_.as_string();
    emit_constant(
        StringObject::create(vm_, s.c_str(), static_cast<int>(s.size())));
  }

  void variable(bool can_assign) {
    name_variable(prev_, can_assign);
  }

  void or_exp(bool can_assign) {
    int else_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE);
    int end_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP);
    patch_jump(else_jump);
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP);

    parse_precedence(Precedence::OR);
    patch_jump(end_jump);
  }

  void and_exp(bool can_assign) {
    int end_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE);
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP);

    parse_precedence(Precedence::AND);
    patch_jump(end_jump);
  }

  void grouping(bool can_assign) {
    expression();
    consume(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN, "expect `)` after expression");
  }

  void binary(bool can_assign) {
    auto oper_kind = prev_.get_kind();
    auto& rule = get_rule(oper_kind);

    // compile the right-hand operand
    parse_precedence(Xenum::as_enum<Precedence>(rule.precedence + 1));

    switch (oper_kind) {
    case TokenKind::TK_BANGEQUAL: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_NE); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_EQUALEQUAL: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_EQ); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_GREATER: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_GT); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_GREATEREQUAL: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_GE); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_LESS: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_LT); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_LESSEQUAL: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_LE); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_PLUS: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_ADD); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_MINUS: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_SUB); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_STAR: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_MUL); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_SLASH: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_DIV); break;
    default: assert(false); break; // unreachable
    }
  }

  void unary(bool can_assign) {
    auto oper_kind = prev_.get_kind();

    // compile the operand
    // parse_precedence(Precedence::CALL);
    parse_precedence(Precedence::UNARY);

    switch (oper_kind) {
    case TokenKind::TK_BANG: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_NOT); break;
    case TokenKind::TK_MINUS: emit_byte(OpCode::OP_NEG); break;
    default: assert(false); break; // unreachable
    }
  }

  void call(bool can_assign) {
    u8_t argc = argument_list();
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_CALL_0 + argc);
  }

  void dot(bool can_assign) {
    consume(TokenKind::TK_IDENTIFIER, "expect property name after `.`");
    u8_t name = identifier_constant(prev_);

    if (can_assign && match(TokenKind::TK_EQUAL)) {
      expression();
      emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_SET_FIELD, name);
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::TK_LPAREN)) {
      u8_t argc = argument_list();
      emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_INVOKE_0 + argc, name);
    }
    else {
      emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_GET_FIELD, name);
    }
  }

  void super_exp(bool can_assign) {
    if (curr_class_ == nullptr)
      error("cannot use `super` outside of a class");
    else if (!curr_class_->has_superclass)
      error("cannot use `super` in a class without superclass");

    consume(TokenKind::TK_DOT, "expect `.` after `super`");
    consume(TokenKind::TK_IDENTIFIER, "expect superclass method name");
    u8_t name = identifier_constant(prev_);

    // push the receiver
    name_variable(Token::custom_token("this"), false);

    if (match(TokenKind::TK_LPAREN)) {
      u8_t argc = argument_list();

      push_superclass();
      emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_SUPER_0 + argc, name);
    }
    else {
      push_superclass();
      emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_GET_SUPER, name);
    }
  }

  void this_exp(bool can_assign) {
    if (curr_class_ == nullptr)
      error("cannot use `this` outside of a class");
    else
      variable(false);
  }
public:
  CompileParser(VM& vm, Lexer& lex)
    : vm_(vm), lex_(lex) {
    _curr_cp = this;
  }
  ~CompileParser(void) { _curr_cp = nullptr; }

  inline CompilerImpl* curr_compiler(void) const { return curr_compiler_; }
  inline bool had_error(void) const { return had_error_; }

  void begin_compiler(
      CompilerImpl& new_compiler, int scope_depth, FunctionKind fun_kind) {
    // create function name StringObject first ...
    StringObject* func_name{};
    switch (fun_kind) {
    case FunctionKind::FUNCTION:
      {
        auto& name = prev_.get_literal();
        func_name = StringObject::create(vm_, name);
      } break;
    case FunctionKind::CTOR:
    case FunctionKind::METHOD:
      {
        str_t name(curr_class_->name.get_literal());
        name += "." + prev_.get_literal();
        func_name = StringObject::create(vm_, name);
      } break;
    case FunctionKind::TOP_LEVEL:
      break;
    }

    new_compiler.enclosing = curr_compiler_;
    new_compiler.function = FunctionObject::create(vm_);
    new_compiler.fun_kind = fun_kind;
    new_compiler.scope_depth = scope_depth;
    curr_compiler_ = &new_compiler;
    curr_compiler_->function->set_name(func_name);

    if (fun_kind != FunctionKind::FUNCTION) {
      curr_compiler_->append_local(
          Local{Token::custom_token("this"), curr_compiler_->scope_depth});
    }
    else {
      curr_compiler_->append_local(Local{
          Token::custom_token(), curr_compiler_->scope_depth});
    }
  }

  FunctionObject* finish_compiler(void) {
    emit_return();

    auto* fn = curr_compiler_->function;
#if defined(DEBUG_PRINT_CODE)
    if (!had_error_)
      fn->disassemble(fn->name() != nullptr ? fn->name()->chars() : "<top>");
#endif
    curr_compiler_ = curr_compiler_->enclosing;

    return fn;
  }

  void advance(void) {
    prev_ = curr_;

    for (;;) {
      curr_ = lex_.next_token();
      if (curr_.get_kind() != TokenKind::TK_ERROR)
        break;

      error_at_current(curr_.get_literal());
    }
  }

  void consume(TokenKind kind, const str_t& message) {
    if (curr_.get_kind() == kind) {
      advance();
      return;
    }

    error_at_current(message);
  }

  void synchronize(void) {
    panic_mode_ = false;

    while (curr_.get_kind() != TokenKind::TK_EOF) {
      if (prev_.get_kind() == TokenKind::TK_SEMI)
        return;

      switch (curr_.get_kind()) {
      case TokenKind::KW_CLASS:
      case TokenKind::KW_FUN:
      case TokenKind::KW_VAR:
      case TokenKind::KW_FOR:
      case TokenKind::KW_IF:
      case TokenKind::KW_WHILE:
      case TokenKind::KW_RETURN:
        return;
      default: break; // do nothing
      }
      advance();
    }
  }

  bool check(TokenKind kind) const {
    return curr_.get_kind() == kind;
  }

  bool match(TokenKind kind) {
    if (!check(kind))
      return false;

    advance();
    return true;
  }

  void expression(void) {
    parse_precedence(Precedence::ASSIGNMENT);
  }

  void declaration(void) {
    if (match(TokenKind::KW_CLASS)) {
      class_decl();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::KW_FUN)) {
      fun_decl();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::KW_VAR)) {
      var_decl();
    }
    else {
      statement();
    }

    if (panic_mode_)
      synchronize();
  }

  void statement(void) {
    if (match(TokenKind::KW_FOR)) {
      for_stmt();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::KW_IF)) {
      if_stmt();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::KW_RETURN)) {
      return_stmt();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::KW_WHILE)) {
      while_stmt();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::TK_LBRACE)) {
      enter_scope();
      block_stmt();
      leave_scope();
    }
    else {
      expr_stmt();
    }
  }

  void class_decl(void) {
    consume(TokenKind::TK_IDENTIFIER, "expect class anme");
    u8_t name_constant = identifier_constant(prev_);
    Token class_name = prev_;
    declare_variable();

    emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_CLASS, name_constant);
    define_variable(name_constant);

    ClassCompilerImpl class_compiler(curr_class_, prev_, false);
    curr_class_ = &class_compiler;

    if (match(TokenKind::TK_LESS)) {
      consume(TokenKind::TK_IDENTIFIER, "expect superclass name");
      if (class_name.is_equal(prev_))
        error("a class cannot inherit from itself");
      class_compiler.has_superclass = true;

      enter_scope();

      // store the superclass in a local variable named `super`
      variable(false);
      curr_compiler_->append_local(
          Local{Token::custom_token("super"), -1, false});
      define_variable(0);

      name_variable(class_name, false);
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_SUBCLASS);
    }

    consume(TokenKind::TK_LBRACE, "expect `{` before class body");
    while (!check(TokenKind::TK_EOF) && !check(TokenKind::TK_RBRACE)) {
      name_variable(class_name, false);
      method();
    }
    consume(TokenKind::TK_RBRACE, "expect `}` after class body");

    if (class_compiler.has_superclass)
      leave_scope();

    define_variable(name_constant);

    curr_class_ = curr_class_->enclosing;
  }

  void fun_decl(void) {
    u8_t name_constant = parse_variable("expect function name");
    make_initialized();
    fn_common(FunctionKind::FUNCTION);
    define_variable(name_constant);
  }

  void var_decl(void) {
    u8_t global = parse_variable("expect variable name");

    if (match(TokenKind::TK_EQUAL)) {
      // compile the initializer
      expression();
    }
    else {
      // default initialize with nil
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_NIL);
    }
    consume(TokenKind::TK_SEMI, "expect `;` after variable declaration");

    define_variable(global);
  }

  void expr_stmt(void) {
    expression();
    consume(TokenKind::TK_SEMI, "expect `;` after expression");
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP);
  }

  void for_stmt(void) {
    enter_scope();

    consume(TokenKind::TK_LPAREN, "expect `(` after keyword `for`");
    // the initialization clause
    if (match(TokenKind::KW_VAR)) {
      var_decl();
    }
    else if (match(TokenKind::TK_SEMI)) {
      // no initializer
    }
    else {
      expr_stmt();
    }
    int loop_start = curr_compiler_->function->codes_count();
    // the exit condition
    int exit_jump = -1;
    if (!match(TokenKind::TK_SEMI)) {
      expression();
      consume(TokenKind::TK_SEMI, "expect `;` after loop condition");

      // jump out of the loop if the condition is false
      exit_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE);
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP); // condition
    }

    // increment loop step
    if (!match(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN)) {
      // don't want to execute the increment before the body, so jump over it
      int body_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP);
      int increment_start = curr_compiler_->function->codes_count();

      expression();
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP);
      consume(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN, "expect `)` after `for` clauses");

      // after the increment, start the whole loop over
      emit_loop(loop_start);
      // at the end of the body, jump to the increment
      loop_start = increment_start;
      patch_jump(body_jump);
    }

    // compile the loop body
    statement();
    // jump back to the begining or the increment
    emit_loop(loop_start);

    if (exit_jump != -1) {
      patch_jump(exit_jump);
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP); // condition
    }

    leave_scope();
  }

  void if_stmt(void) {
    consume(TokenKind::TK_LPAREN, "expect `(` before if condition");
    expression();
    consume(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN, "expect `)` after if condition");

    // jump to the else branch if the condition is false
    int else_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE);
    // compile the then branch
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP); // condition
    statement();

    // jump over the else branch when the if branch is taken
    int end_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP);
    // compile the else branch
    patch_jump(else_jump);
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP); // condition

    if (match(TokenKind::KW_ELSE))
      statement();
    patch_jump(end_jump);
  }

  void return_stmt(void) {
    if (curr_compiler_->fun_kind == FunctionKind::TOP_LEVEL)
      error("cannot return from top-level code");

    if (match(TokenKind::TK_SEMI)) {
      emit_return();
    }
    else {
      if (curr_compiler_->fun_kind == FunctionKind::CTOR)
        error("cannot return a value from an constructor");

      expression();
      consume(TokenKind::TK_SEMI, "expect `;` after return value");
      emit_byte(OpCode::OP_RETURN);
    }
  }

  void while_stmt(void) {
    int loop_start = curr_compiler_->function->codes_count();

    consume(TokenKind::TK_LPAREN, "expect `(` before while condition");
    expression();
    consume(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN, "expect `)` after while condition");

    // jump out of the loop if the condition is false
    int exit_jump = emit_jump(OpCode::OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE);
    // compile the loop body
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP); // condition
    statement();

    emit_loop(loop_start); // loop back to the start
    patch_jump(exit_jump);
    emit_byte(OpCode::OP_POP); // condition
  }

  void block_stmt(void) {
    while (!check(TokenKind::TK_EOF) && !check(TokenKind::TK_RBRACE))
      declaration();

    consume(TokenKind::TK_RBRACE, "expect `}` after block");
  }

  void fn_common(FunctionKind fun_kind) {
    CompilerImpl fn_compiler;
    begin_compiler(fn_compiler, 1, fun_kind);
    enter_scope();
    consume(TokenKind::TK_LPAREN, "expect `(` after function name");
    if (!check(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN)) {
      do {
        u8_t param_constant = parse_variable("expect parameter name");
        define_variable(param_constant);
        curr_compiler_->function->inc_arity();

        if (curr_compiler_->function->arity() > kMaxArguments) {
          error("cannot have more than " +
              std::to_string(kMaxArguments) + " parameters");
        }
      } while (match(TokenKind::TK_COMMA));
    }
    consume(TokenKind::TK_RPAREN, "expect `)` after parameters");

    // the body
    consume(TokenKind::TK_LBRACE, "expect `{` before function body");
    block_stmt();
    leave_scope();
    auto* fn = finish_compiler();

    emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_CLOSURE, make_constant(fn));

    for (int i = 0; i < fn->upvalues_count(); ++i) {
      auto upval = fn_compiler.upvalues[i];
      emit_bytes(upval.local ? 1 : 0, upval.index);
    }
  }

  void method(void) {
    consume(TokenKind::TK_IDENTIFIER, "expect method name");
    u8_t method_constant = identifier_constant(prev_);

    // if the method is named `ctor`, it's the constructor
    FunctionKind fun_kind{FunctionKind::METHOD};
    if (prev_.get_literal() == "ctor")
      fun_kind = FunctionKind::CTOR;
    fn_common(fun_kind);
    emit_bytes(OpCode::OP_METHOD, method_constant);
  }
};

FunctionObject* Compile::compile(VM& vm, const str_t& source_bytes) {
  Lexer lex(source_bytes);
  CompileParser p(vm, lex);

  CompilerImpl c;
  p.begin_compiler(c, 0, FunctionKind::TOP_LEVEL);
  p.advance();
  if (!p.match(TokenKind::TK_EOF)) {
    do {
      p.declaration();
    } while (!p.match(TokenKind::TK_EOF));
  }
  auto* fn = p.finish_compiler();

  return p.had_error() ? nullptr : fn;
}

void gray_compiler_roots(VM& vm) {
  if (_curr_cp == nullptr)
    return;

  auto* compiler_iter = _curr_cp->curr_compiler();
  while (compiler_iter != nullptr) {
    vm.gray_object(compiler_iter->function);
    compiler_iter = compiler_iter->enclosing;
  }
}

}


Chapter 3 describes the key demonstration, awareness raising, mobilization, and training activities that have been undertaken by the Bioenergy Promotion 2 partners in the corresponding demo regions. The chapter will also summarize the main results and the lessons learned.
One of the key objectives of the project "Bioenergy Promotion 2" was to create a dialogue, both between BP-2 demo regions and between BP-2 demo regions and non-partner regions outside the project, in order to support the development of local and regional bioenergy strategies and to "transfer" knowledge and good practices. Among the non-partner regions which signalled an interest in entering into such a dialogue was the Region of Latgale in eastern Latvia. Below we will briefly summarize the corresponding transfer initiatives, actions and results.
The activities in Demo Region Gdynia concentrated on the waste management system which complies with EU regulations. It is a serious problem, especially in new EU countries, which must be solved before 2020. The activities and related events addressed local decision-makers, authorities and agencies representing regional governments responsible for local energy policies, and renewable energy specialists. A series of seminars and workshops were organized in order to assess the best practices in BSR. Below are descriptions of the findings of these events.
The Danish energy system is being redesigned as fossil fuel is phased-out and replaced with renewable energy sources. The national target is to phase-out fossil fuels from heat and electricity production by 2035.
The municipality of Tukums is located in the western part of Latvia, around 70 km from the capital Riga. The main activities performed within the project framework include an analysis of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan of Tukums and the organization of workshops and discussions to raise the awareness of sustainable production and use of bioenergy. Events such as the Energy Day of Tukums municipality, including workshops on the use of renewable energy supportive technology in the demo region, were carried out during the Extension stage.
The Grodno Region Forestry Board (PLHO) participated in the Main stage of the project as a project partner and continued to co-operate as an associate partner during the Extension stage. Although the Board had the official status of an observer, it actively took part in project meetings and conferences, and is highly committed to transfer the gained knowledge and expertise to the 11 forestry units which are part of the association.
Civil Parish Riešė consists of 68 villages. Population – 5,650. Total area – 10,222 ha, incl. 5,938 ha of agriculture land; 1,840 ha – forests, 2,444 – water and other land. There are 2 post-offices, 3 primary schools, 2 libraries, the church, 5 shops, 4 country tourism farms, Pikeliškės manor (which formerly belonged J. Pilsudsky), Liubavo manor (which formerly belonged to J. Slizny), Raudondvaris tower (built in 1824), the European Park Museum, the European centre landscape reserve. Main economic activities of the parish are agriculture and service sector.
Ludzas Bio - energy is the local district heating company, which is situated in Ludzas town. The Ludza region and the local district company is unique from two aspects: 1) It is the first region where the district heating has been developed based on public-private partnership principles together. 2) Heat Production Company has developed unique flue gas condensation plant for Latvia case. The technique is patented and can ensure up to 20% of energy efficiency if there is appropriate biofuels quality; the capacity of the boiler and combustion conditions.
Forestry and forest-based energy production and use are one of key sectors in North Karelia. This is not surprising, given that 81% of North Karelia´s land area is forested. Renewable energy constitutes approx. 63% of the primary energy consumption in North Karelia, and 81% of this is generated from wood biomass. North Karelia Climate and Energy programme went into effect in 2011. Programme targets are very ambitious (e.g. double the use of wood chips by 2020).
Although bioenergy is one of the main energy sources in Sweden, there is still a large potential for growth. This applies particularly in small and medium-sized heat and co-generation plants, and for biogas for CHP and vehicle fuel. The market is categorized by many different actors throughout the value chain, most of them small with limited development resources and financing capabilities. The approach has therefore been twofold, addressing the strategic development with respect to local and regional public bodies, and facilitating and support capacity building for actors in the market.
Strategy implementation activities involve wide range of activities, such as support meetings with politicians on national, regional levels, as well as informational seminars with regional and municipal planners, bioenergy stakeholders, and other interested institutions.
All companies builds upon creating a customer value perceived bigger than the cost for the service/product. To be able to profitable create this value the company needs to control and guarantee that the production and distribution costs etc in total is less than the total sales revenues. The figure below illustrates the issues that have to be addressed within a business model*. The answer and outcomes of these issues should be handled within the company's business plan and priorities between actions and allocation of resources.
Bioenergy activity in the Kaunas demo region is funded by targeted EU structural funds and national programmes, and is driven by the initiative of district heating companies. Approx. 85 MW of bioenergy capacities have been installed in the region since 2010. Wood fuel is mainly used in households as the cheapest type of fuel, not only in Kaunas region, but in Lithuania as a whole. Further installation of large capacity wood-burning boilers in the DH sector would raise the price of firewood. This is unacceptable from social point of view because the purchasing power of the population is low, especially in the countryside.
At the outset, the Main stage project was fortunate to have the opportunity to join an existing bioenergy network in the county of Rotenburg (Wümme). The bioenergy initiative here was founded in 2007 and focused on biogas and wood-based bioenergy. For the wood biomass sector, a working group was established, with stakeholders from private forestry, forestry professionals, environmental services, agrotechnical service contractors and regional planners. In the Extension stage project, results from Main stage were also disseminated to other regions outside the demo region of Rotenburg (Wümme).
The most comprehensive transfer activity has been with the region of Latgale. This region borders the Russian Federation in the east, the Republic of Belarus in southeast, and the Republic of Lithuania in the south. According to the current administrative division, Latgale Region incorporates 19 counties.


Image Title: Upholstered Grey Leather Dining Bench With Backrest Metal Legs Pertaining To Remodel 2. Post Title: Leather Dining Bench. Filename: upholstered-grey-leather-dining-bench-with-backrest-metal-legs-pertaining-to-remodel-2.jpg. Image Dimension: 1000 x 562 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Stanton Zieme. Uploaded Date: Thursday - September 27th. 2018 08:56:10 AM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: homedit.com. ACME Urban Faux Leather Dining Bench In Black And Espresso 74625 Regarding Plan 12. Plank Wood Dining Table Leather Chairs Set From Curiosity Interiors With Regard To Bench Decor 0. Indigo Yard 3 Seater Leather Dining Bench Oak Legs Better Furniture With Regard To Ideas 6. Nora Faux Leather Dining Bench Apartment Pinterest Regarding Plan 7. 5 Seater Left Hand Corner Bench Leather And Chrome UK Pertaining To Dining Designs 19. Upholstered Grey Leather Dining Bench With Backrest Metal Legs Pertaining To Remodel 2. Buy Stone International Juliette Leather Dining Bench With Wenge Inside Remodel 8. Nora Faux Leather Dining Bench WISH LIST Pinterest Inside Remodel 14. Dining Room Furniture Leather Bench Modish Living Pertaining To Prepare 1. Backless 3 Seater Dining Bench Leather Chrome Legs Inside Remodel 13.


text:
Frank Field
Frank Field MP launches 'Feeding Birkenhead' for a hunger-free town
Veteran MP says 'fightback against hunger starts here'
Inquiry into Hunger and Food Poverty in Britain held at Birkenhead Town Hall. Pictured Rt Hon MP Frank Field the CO-CHAIR.
Birkenhead MP Frank Field is today launching the first pilot project to wipe out hunger from the town.
The "Feeding Birkenhead" scheme is the result a national parliamentary inquiry into hunger and the MP is bringing together local churches, charities and schools as part of the campaign.
Mr Field said: "The national fight-back against hunger begins here in Birkenhead.
"We're bringing together our churches, charities, schools and supermarkets to get food to those in need and, as importantly, to use this as a way of beginning to deal with the major problems in people's lives.
"An important first goal is to make sure no child in the town goes hungry in the next school holiday at Easter.
"I've been overwhelmed by the number of churches and other bodies already helping to overcome poverty in Birkenhead, and they are to be saluted. Feeding Birkenhead is about how we can build on these efforts to form an effective response to hunger in the town."
He said a key part of Feeding Birkenhead will involve diverting more good surplus food that would otherwise go to waste from supermarkets' supply chains to those groups working with people in need.
Feeding Birkenhead will also seek to offer activities alongside this food such as cooking courses, budgeting and debt advice, and awareness of relevant benefits and utility schemes to help ensure that people having to rely on food banks need only do so once.
The Feeding Birkenhead project will also campaign to raise awareness of the specific issues that push individuals and families in the town to the brink of hunger.
The project will also push for local improvements, for example, in the time taken to administer new benefit claims and the take-up of emergency payments.
The MP said an immediate priority is to gain funding to cover the provision of food for hungry school children during the upcoming Easter holiday and he will be writing in January to every primary school and some secondary schools in the town inviting them to apply for grants of up to £2,500 from the Birkenhead component of Your Wirral – a fund established by Magenta Living and Wirral Council.
At the meeting last week at the Wirral Christian Centre when the Feeding Birkenhead scheme was formed – the MP set up a network with the objective of working towards a hunger-free town, involving FareShare, Wirral Food Bank, YMCA Wirral and representatives from 17 local churches and other voluntary groups.
The Birkenhead MP is also campaigning for reforms at a national level – on low pay, the costs of household essentials and the administration of benefit claims – to help reduce the need for food banks.
The Birkenhead component of Your Wirral is to be used to fund programmes that feed hungry children during the school holidays, or for new breakfast clubs or after-school food clubs. The deadline for applications is Noon on Friday January 30, 2015
Any school or other local organisation wishing to apply for grants from the Birkenhead component of the Your Wirral fund can email Frank Field on fieldf@parliament.uk
Wirral Council


text:
Honorable Chief Junaluska, Maggie Valley
Source: Honorable Chief Junaluska, Maggie Valley. Photo by S. and T. Howard, courtesy of HMdb.org
Monument Name
Historic Native American Figures
American Indian Monuments
Paul Van Zandt, Red Springs, NC, Sculptor
The memorial depicts Chief Junaluska from the waist up, in statue form, resting on a foundation made of rocks. He is wearing a bear claw necklace and headband, with his head looking upward to his proper left. Both hands rest on his hips. In appearance the bronze statue seems to transform or blend into the stone foundation below. The back half of the rectangular foundation rises into a low pyramid with the statue on top. The front half forms a low lectern inlaid with the bronze inscription plaque.
Images: Inscription
HONORABLE CHIEF JUNALUSKA / GUL'KALA'SKI – TSU – MU – LA – HUN – SKI / 1758 – 1858 / JUNALUSKA WAS A PEACE-LOVING CHIEF IN WESTERN NORTH / CAROLINA. WHEN LAKE JUNALUSKA WAS ESTABLISHED, THE NAME SELECTED / WAS THAT OF THE MOUNTAIN KEEPING VIGIL OVER THE LAKE – JUNALUSKA / MOUNTAIN – HONORING THE CHIEF. CHIEF JUNALUSKA, MEMBER OF THE / FAMOUS CHEROKEE REGIMENT, SERVED WITH DISTINCTION IN THE WAR OF / 1812 AND THE BATTLE OF HORSESHOE BEND, WAS CREDITED WITH SAVING / GENERAL ANDREW JACKSON'S LIFE, AND WAS RECOGNIZED FOR HIS / MILITARY SERVICE. HE WAS IN THE REMOVAL TO OKLAHOMA IN 1836 BUT / RETURNED TO N.C. HE WAS AWARDED FULL RIGHTS OF CITIZENSHIP AND A / GRANT OF LAND NEAR ROBBINSVILLE, WHERE HE IS BURIED. / PRESENTED BY NATIVE AMERICANS AND FRIENDS IN THE SOUTHEAST.
Lake Junaluska Conference and Retreat Center
Dedication Date
35.529880 , -82.971730 View in Geobrowse
Supporting Sources
"Chief Junaluska." Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com, (accessed December 15, 2015) Link
"George R. Stuart Auditorium--Lake Junaluska, North Carolina" in North Carolina Postcard Collection (P052), North Carolina Collection Photographic Archives, Wilson Library, UNC-Chapel Hill Link
"Honorable Chief Junaluska." The Historical Marker Database, HMdb.org, (accessed July 13, 2015) Link
Anderson, William L. and Wetmore, Ruth Y. Cherokee, Part V: The Trail of Tears and the Creation of the Eastern Band of Cherokees, NCpedia.org, (accessed April 16, 2016) Link
Denson, Andrew. "Reframing the Cherokee Dead: Removal-Era Cherokee Graves and the Changing Landscape of Southern Memory," in Death and the Southern South, (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2014), Chapter 11
McCulloch, Maude. Junaluska, (Waynesville, N.C.: M. McCulloch, 1916), (accessed December 15, 2015) Link
McKinney, Gordon B. "Junaluska," NCpedia.org, (accessed February 16, 2017) Link
North Carolina Historical Commission. "The Biennial Report of the North Carolina Historical Commission (Edwards & Broughten, North Carolina, 1910) Link
"Paul Van Zandt," redspringsart.com, (accessed December 4, 2015) Link
"SEJ Heritage Center," Lake Junaluska Conference and Retreat Center, http://www.lakejunaluska.com/, (accessed December 15, 2015) Link
"Statue of Junaluska, Savior of Andrew Jackson," RoadsideAmerica.com, (accessed December 15, 2015) Link
Bronze, stone
Monument Cost
Subject Notes
Junaluska (1779[?]–20 Nov. 1858) was a Cherokee warrior and hero of Andrew Jackson's victory over the Creeks at Horseshoe Bend in 1814. In 1838 Junaluska joined most of the other Cherokees in the removal to Oklahoma, infamously remembered as the "Trail of Tears.". Traditional accounts maintain that during the forced move Junaluska's wife and children died due to the difficulty of the trip. The same accounts assert that Junaluska expressed deep resentment about Andrew Jackson's support for the removal process.
The memorial marking the grave of the Cherokee Indian leader Junaluska and the Junaluska Museum are located in Robbinsville, NC.
The statue stands on the north shore of Lake Junaluska, in front of the George R. Stuart Auditorium. It is located on the south side of Chapel Drive just east of where it splits from N. Lakeshore Drive, across the street from the Terrace Hotel.
The memorial stands on a paved area, off the side walk along Chapel Drive.
Know anything else about this monument that isn't mentioned here? If you have additional information on this or any other monument in our collection fill out the form at the Contact Us link in the footer. Thank you.


Prepared using salt free Creole seasoning and no added sodium diced tomatoes.
Spray cold grill rack with cooking spray. Preheat grill.
In a medium bowl, combine turkey, Worcestershire sauce and 2 teaspoons Creole seasoning. Shape mixture into 8 patties. Grill burgers about 6 minutes on each side or until completely done.
In a small saucepan, combine the tomatoes, remaining Creole seasoning and garlic. Cook over medium heat for 5 minutes or until most of the liquid has evaporated. Place burgers on buns and spoon on the tomato sauce.
Save $0.50 on ONE (1) Earth's Best Organic® Infant Food product, any variety or size.


Remember to bring cash! It's cash only.
Gotta try the Dirty Love Burger. It's got a fried quail egg on it! Enjoy live music while sipping on fresh root beer from the tap in the heart of the Stockyards. Cash and Outdoor seating only.
This place DOES NOT ACCEPT CREDIT OR DEBIT! There is an ATM adjacent to the shack. The Dirty Love burger is the best burger in the stockyards. It's not fancy, just a proper juicy unapologetic burger.
Grab a Lone Star to go, open containers are permitted in the stockyard.
I'm assuming the owner is an Atheus. Open on Christmas Day ? WoW!!
Beers to go!!! Nuff said but, this place is certainly a shack.
As others have said, it's all about the Dirty Love Burger. However, be sure to come eat outside upstairs when the weather is nice. Incredible atmosphere.
If you don't have cash, go next door to the White Elephant. You can order from the Love Shack menu w/ card. + it's a great bar.
cash only burger joint, all in!
Awesome music. Outdoor venue is great. Try the dirty love burger.
Go to the Love Shack. Great outdoor feel. Great burgers. Great live music. There's my tip.
Fun atmosphere, live music, cold beer and wonderful food. The Dirty Love burger is my favorite, with bacon and a quail egg on top. Great homemade fries as well.
Try the Dirty Love Burger!
Dirty Love Burger & either their onion rings or fries make a wicked meal. Great beer selection -- they even have Beer To Go! Also, it's cash only !
The dirty love burger! The fries! The live music! The whole atmosphere!


Gorgeous 4 bdrm/3 bath contemporary home in the desirable Settlers Point at Lake Murray. Former model home with community boat ramp & dock. Eat-in kitchen w/ granite countertops, hardwood floors, island, double ovens, and open view to fireside family room. Oversized master ensuite w/ 10+ ft ceilings, separate tub/shower, and walk-in closet. Natural light throughout, upstairs loft, and spacious laundry room. Entertain on the screened in porch or outdoor patio w/ beautiful hardscaping, firepit and sprinkler system. Located in award-winning school district. Five minutes from Downtown Lexington. Don't miss this one!


text:
Q: NestJS Reading File - No Such File or Directory I am having trouble getting my nestJS app to read my cert secret file and even a simple txt file. I  am getting the error:
ERROR [ExceptionsHandler] ENOENT: no such file or directory

Below is all I am doing, using fs to read the file:
import {FireblocksSDK, PeerType, TransactionArguments, TransactionOperation, TransactionStatus} from "fireblocks-sdk";
import fs = require('fs');
import path = require('path');

function fireblocks() {
    const text = fs.readFileSync(('./data.txt'), 'utf8');
    console.log(text);
    const apiSecret = fs.readFileSync(path.resolve(__dirname, "../../certs/fireblocks_secret.key"), "utf8");
    return new FireblocksSDK(apiSecret, process.env.FIREBLOCKS_ACCESS_TOKEN);
}

Below is my file structure I am using:
ERROR [ExceptionsHandler] ENOENT: no such file or directory

A: @MichealLevi's tip helped, to read in the cert file in NestJS I used the line below:
 const apiSecret = fs.readFileSync(join(process.cwd(), './src/services/fireblocks/fireblocks_secret.key')).toString();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange