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News | Trends
Conrad Maldives Rangali opens the first luxury underwater villa
THE MURAKA brings the fishies right to your bedside.
Sandra MacGregor
Sandra MacGregor is a freelance travel writer who estimates she has over 400 pint-sized hotel toiletries underneath her bathroom sink. She's been published in a variety of publications, including the New York Times, National Geographic Travel and AFAR.
Remember when a luxury suite on stilts above a crystal clear (and hopefully starfish loaded) sea was the height of escape-from-it-all extravagance? Well, no more. The new suite-to-beat for a decadent sun and sea retreat is the incredible underwater villa, THE MURAKA. The villa, which just opened in November of 2018 is the first property in the world with an underwater hotel suite. THE MURAKA takes its name from the local Dhivehi languageandtranslates to coral.
THE MURAKA's underwater bedroom/Photo credit: Justin Nicholas
The two-level bungalow has a large, lavish above-ground living area and outdoor space, as well as an underwater master suite sitting on the ocean floor, 16 feet under the ocean. The under-ocean area features a sitting room, a bedroom and a large bathroom encased almost entirely in glass, so you can always have a front-seat view of what ocean adventures are going on outside. It's like your own personal lost world of Atlantis.
THE MURAKA's underwater ensuite bathroom/Photo credit: Justin Nicholas
"The completion of THE MURAKA is a personal lifetime achievement," said Ahmed Saleem, a director at Crown Company and chief architect and designer of the villa. "After years in the making, my team and I are proud to officially present THE MURAKA residence and its accompanying Maldivian experience to worldly travelers who crave the extraordinary."
THE MURAKA has an over-water living space/Photo credit: Justin Nicholas
While the water-world master suite undoubtably has the biggest wow factor, the rest of the residence is pretty amazing too. On the upper level you'll find more bedrooms (the entire suite sleeps 9 people), a powder room, a fitness area, butler's quarters, and a bar and dining room. On those rare occasions where you don't feel like diving into the azure waters surrounding your villa, you can take a dip in your private infinity pool and then watch the sun fade into the Indian Ocean from your deck.
Conrad Maldives Rangali's MURAKA villa's deck/Photo credit: Justin Nicholas
Back up! Did you say butler's quarters? Yes, we did! That's because a stay at THE MURAKA comes complete with dedicated staff and devoted butlers who are on call 24/7 and are devoted to giving guests a hyper-personalized and perfect stay, where no want is left unheeded.
If the US$50,000 (CA$66,000) a night is too much of a budget-breaker, fear not! Conrad Maldives Rangali Island has also just redeveloped its Deluxe Beach Villas that have been conceived by MURAKA's design expert Yuji Yamazaki. Each private villa is surrounded by dense tropical greenery. They also feature sophisticated interiors, their very own Japanese-inspired garden and private beach access.
Sure, we admit the US$50,000 a night suite is likely out of most people's price range, but you have to ask yourself if any price is too great to pay for the chance to drift away watching a bunch of clown fish (of Disney's Finding Nemo fame) swaying you to sleep with their rhythmic bobbing.
If hotels that lean towards the fantastical is your thing, you'll like this story on a hotel built into a quarry.


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University officials and courts push back on US travel ban
The Trump administration's travel ban on citizens from seven Muslim-majority countries has been suspended by court order
The matter remains before the courts currently and is expected to eventually progress to the US Supreme Court
In the meantime, the effects of the ban have already been profound with 60,000 or more visas cancelled and with considerable uncertainty resulting for current and prospective students, as well as visiting scholars, from affected countries
US educators have been quick to speak out against the ban but many worry that its effects will be long lasting, particularly in terms of international student recruitment from and scholarly exchange with Muslim-majority countries
In the aftermath of US President Donald Trump's 27 January executive order banning citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries from entering the United States, the international higher education community has been among the most vocal critics of the policy. University officials from around the country have issued statements condemning the ban and offering support to the more than 20,000 students and scholars from the affected countries currently studying in the United States. Graduate students from Iran, currently the 11th leading sending country to the US, make up the bulk of those affected by the executive order.
On 3 February, a federal judge issued a restraining order temporarily lifting the travel ban. And just this week, on 7 February, a federal appeals court heard arguments from both sides regarding the legality of the executive order. The court is expected to issue a further ruling later this week, but the case may ultimately make its way to the US Supreme Court.
Editor's note: On 9 February, a US federal appeals court ruled to uphold the suspension of the travel ban. This means that any travel restrictions imposed by the ban are no longer in effect, pending further appeal by the White House. While the ban remains lifted, it is also true that the US administration's moves to curtail travel to the US has triggered widespread confusion and uncertainty with respect to US border controls.
A 9 February report from The Chronicle of Higher Education adds, "Administrators at universities around the country expressed relief at the news of [the US appeals court] ruling. They remained cautious, however, about the uncertain future of Mr. Trump's executive order, and about the order's long-term ramifications, whether or not it is permanently overturned."
Educators respond
In the days following the announcement, members of the higher education community criticised the ban for the disruption and uncertainty it caused for students and scholars, as well as the general confusion surrounding the policy's implementation and enforcement.
Mary Sue Coleman, president of the Association of American Universities, said in a statement that "the order is stranding students who have been approved to study here and are trying to get back to campus, and threatens to disrupt the education and research of many others."
Ms Coleman urged the White House to consider the wider impact the blanket ban will have on higher education in the United States, including its effect on international student recruitment:
"We also urge the Administration, as soon as possible, to make clear to the world that the United States continues to welcome the most talented individuals from all countries to study, teach, and carry out research and scholarship at our universities. It is vital to our economy and the national interest that we continue to attract the best students, scientists, engineers, and scholars. That is why we have worked closely with previous administrations, especially in the wake of 9/11, to ensure our visa system prevents entry by those who wish to harm us, while maintaining the inflow of talent that has contributed so much to our nation."
Higher education institutions and higher education associations around the country issued similar statements. Esther Brimmer, CEO and executive director of NAFSA, spoke directly to the international community when she said:
"To the students, scholars, doctors, refugees, family members, and others who wonder if the United States has lost its commitment to its core values as a nation of freedom, opportunity, and welcome, let me unequivocally state that American citizens will not tolerate policies such as these that undermine our values and endanger our safety."
Among the many responses offered by individual institutions throughout the country, Wheaton College, a small liberal arts college on the outskirts of Chicago, went so far as to announce a new scholarship for refugee students in response to the travel ban.
Now before the court
The executive order banned entry of citizens from Iran, Syria, Yemen, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, and Iraq to the United States for a period of 90 days. It also suspended the entire US refugee system for 120 days while the government "determine[s] what additional procedures should be taken to ensure that those approved for refugee admission do not pose a threat to the security and welfare of the United States." The order further bans refugees from Syria indefinitely.
More than 60,000 visas were reportedly revoked in conjunction with the ban, among them F-1 and J-1 visas for incoming international students and scholars. Current F-1 and J-1 visa holders from the seven countries who were travelling abroad were not allowed to return to the US, while students who were currently in the United States have been advised not to leave the country. Visits to the US by students' family members have been similarly curtailed.
Immigration officials initially interpreted the ban to mean all citizens from the seven countries, including green card holders. Amid widespread protest, the Trump administration has subsequently eased its restrictions and some green card holders have been able to return to the United States.
Even with the ban suspended by the 3 February court order, uncertainty continues to prevail on US campuses. Many universities are urging students from the affected countries to avoid international travel for the near future. New York Institute of Technology, for instance, recommended "that anyone from the countries included in the Executive Order who are considering travel outside the United States, if possible, postpone their travels or consult with an immigration attorney."
The fate of the policy will ultimately be determined in the US federal court system, likely at the level of the Supreme Court. The decision to suspend the ban was the result of a lawsuit brought forward by the states of Washington and Minnesota, which argued that the executive order hurts residents and local businesses
Washington State University, University of Washington, and the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges filed amicus briefs with the Seattle court. UW Vice President for Global Affairs Jeff Riedinger noted in the brief that the ban had an "immediate impact" on students and faculty at the university, which currently hosts 96 undergraduate and graduate students and 15 scholars from the seven countries.
Iranians most affected
The Institute of International Education (IIE) reports that there were more than 17,300 students from the seven countries enrolled in the US in 2015/16. A related report from The Chronicle of Higher Education highlights that Iranian students and scholars are disproportionately affected as they represent the majority of individuals coming from the countries impacted by the travel ban.
According to IIE, the majority of Iranian students in US higher education – nearly 78% – study at the graduate level. Of those, nearly half were enrolled in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) programmes. IIE estimates that Iranian students contributed US$386 million to the US economy in 2016.
The United States has long been a top destination for Iranian students going abroad. Enrolment peaked in 1979/80 during the Iranian Revolution at more than 50,000, but then declined significantly over the next two decades to fall below 2,000 students by the end of the 1990s.
In a reflection of both the growing strength of the Iranian economy as well as persistent demand for advanced degrees among Iranian students, Iranian enrolment in the US has rebounded over the last ten years, with more than 12,000 Iranian students enrolled with American institutions in 2015/16. Even prior to the last month's travel ban, however, Iranian students faced extra scrutiny when applying to study in the United States. The Chronicle of Higher Education notes:
"While President Trump has proposed that visitors from Iran be subject to 'extreme vetting,' Iranians already faced greater hurdles to obtaining a student visa than did most other international students. In part because of concerns about the possible military use of Iran's nuclear-energy programme, Iranian students at American colleges are barred from studying fields such as nuclear engineering and often do not receive a visa that allows them to make more than one entry into the United States."
The Atlantic also noted the potentially harmful effects the ban might have on science in the United States due to the concentration of Iranian students in STEM fields, cautioning that "the new policies could also isolate American institutions from major sources of foreign talent":
"For years, Iran has led the US State Department's list of state sponsors of terrorism, and so it is not unusual that Iranian scientists would face extra scrutiny from security officials, especially given concerns about nuclear proliferation in Iran. However, like the other countries affected by the ban, no immigrants from Iran have carried out terrorist attacks on US soil between 1975 and the end of 2015. And given the blanket nature of the ban, it affects many scientists who have nothing to do with nuclear research."
Iran is increasingly recognised as a key emerging market for international student recruitment, especially for graduate programmes, due to a lack of domestic postgraduate capacity and a burgeoning college-age population. In a further reflection of the momentum toward internationalisation in Iranian higher education, and following the lifting of economic sanctions in 2016, Iran's top higher education institutions have also been eager to establish partnerships abroad. The long-term impact of the ban on Iranian mobility to the United States remains to be seen as the matter plays out in the US courts.
Lasting impact?
Meanwhile, US educators are left to consider the potential long-term economic effects if the Trump administration ultimately prevails and the ban comes back into effect. The school selection site College Factual has estimated that a long-term ban could result in an economic impact of up to US$700 million, based on lost tuition and living expenditures.
Many experts, and a number of pre-election opinion surveys, had already anticipated the potentially negative impact Trump's administration might have on international student recruitment in the United States, but the breadth and speed of the executive order still caught many in the higher education community off guard. As The Chronicle of Higher Education notes:
"Since the presidential election, educators had been bracing for a 'Trump effect' on international students. In a survey of prospective foreign students released last spring, when few gave the Republican businessman strong odds of winning the presidency, 60% said they would be less likely to study in the United States under a President Trump. Few campus officials, however, anticipated the sweep of the executive order."
Besides the direct impact of little to no enrolment of students from the seven countries, the travel ban potentially has a wider impact on recruitment from the rest of the world, especially from Muslim-majority countries in the Middle East and Africa. While the US higher education community has been trying to send the message the international students are still welcome, many students remain uncertain in the aftermath of the executive order.
Mohamed, an engineering student from Libya with permanent residency, says that he feels helpless in his current situation. He was planning to travel to Canada last week but had to cancel his plans due to the ban. "I personally feel stuck here, as I never want to go to a party that I'm not invited to," he explains. "I'm just so far into my studies here that I can't just leave."
He says that although he has supportive people around him and the president of his university, located in upstate New York, personally reached out to him, he doesn't feel that the majority of the US population wants him here.
He is concentrating on finishing his degree and then returning home to help his war-torn country recover: "I still have a big battle waiting for me in Libya. I'm just equipping myself with knowledge and resources to be able to fight. But I will always wish the best for this country that at some point I considered home."
Another student, on high school exchange from Yemen, offers a perspective that speaks to the experience that attracts so many foreign students to the US: "I have met countless amount of amazing and successful Americans, fell in love with them, and learned so much from them. None of what I learned had a tiny amount of Trump's message, not even the US constitution, which I am pretty sure I can tell him and his people so much about. He does not represent any of the great and real Americans I met. Those who valued me for me, for my passion, my love, my respect, and my peaceful message I brought with me. Not for my religion, my skin color, my sexual orientation, or my physical appearance."
Experts warn that the ban may impact student mobility from other Muslim-majority countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, Egypt, Turkey, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia, the latter of which is currently the third-largest sending market for the US. (Turkey and Kuwait are also in the top 20, according to IIE.) It could also impact enrolment from Indonesia, which currently has the largest Muslim population the world, as well as countries such as India that have significant Muslim minorities.
"The potential impact of the recent ban on seven Muslim countries could be severe for international enrollments at many higher education institutions," says Dr Rahul Choudaha, co-founder of interEDGE. "The domino effect of this ban will result in a precipitous decline in international student enrolment from Muslim-majority countries."
The Trump administration has also made moves to overhaul the current H-1B work visa scheme and the Optional Practical Training (OPT) programme, which allows foreign graduates of US institutions to work in their field of study for up to one year in most disciplines and up to 36 months in STEM fields. Recent reports suggest that further executive orders related to OPT and work visas may be announced soon.
"If the executive order of limiting legal immigration and reversing OPT extension comes into force, it would result in many international students opting-out of the United States as a preferred destination of choice. As international student recruitment moves to a phase of hyper-competition, American higher education institutions cannot afford to lose OPT, which is one of the attractive elements for international students aiming to study in the US," adds Dr Choudaha.
For additional background on the current recruitment landscape in the US, please see:
"More than one million international students in the US"
"Trump victory spurs global reaction from educators and students"
This entry was posted in Immigration, North America, Regions, United States and tagged study in USA, international students, student enrolment, undergraduate student recruitment, universities with international students.
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Malaysian government cools on study abroad but outbound still growing
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Efforts to adequately fund universities, community colleges and student financial aid stalled during the week as Speaker Michael Madigan adjourned the House of Representatives for 30 days, forcing the higher education community to wait until April for further action.
The Senate remained in session, continuing its committee process where it reviewed dozens of pieces of legislation, heard a report by the Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) about its progress under the Rauner Administration, heard budget requests by state education agencies, and talked about budget alternatives offered by Governor Bruce Rauner during his Budget Address in February.
Senate Republicans voiced their concerns about the House's month-long break and called for the Speaker to call the House back to Springfield, emphasizing the importance for both chambers to be present, engaged and active in solving Illinois' ongoing budget crisis.
DCFS Director George Sheldon painted an encouraging picture during the Appropriations I Committee on March 8.
Appointed more than a year ago by Governor Rauner, Director Sheldon said DCFS has been working on its biggest challenges, including a "revolving door" of directors, a breakdown in completion and accuracy of paperwork that resulted in the loss of millions in federal funding, reports of abuse at state residential centers, and the department's inability to properly account for a number of missing children.
Director Sheldon reported that DCFS has worked over the past six months to properly file and process paperwork, resulting in the Department receiving an additional $21.5 million in federal funds for Fiscal Year 2016.
DCFS also submitted plans to improve residential centers across the state, including unannounced site visits and enhanced monitoring, reporting, and oversight of facilities, staff, and procedures to ensure more effective communication, safety, and transparency.
Education agencies like the Illinois State Board of Education, Illinois Student Assistance Commission, and a number of state universities came before the Appropriations II Committee March 10 to present their Fiscal Year 2017 budget requests.
The State Board appealed to lawmakers to fully fund Illinois' education Foundation Levels, which the state has intentionally underfunded for years, resulting in proration.
Governor Rauner has made K-12 funding a top priority, pushing to fully fund the Foundation Levels for the first time in seven years. Senate Republicans continue to express concern that Democrat lawmakers will continue to hold education funding hostage in order to bail out CPS, as previously indicated by Senate President John Cullerton.
Eastern Illinois University, Southern Illinois University and Western Illinois University cautioned lawmakers that the higher education system cannot withstand the ongoing budget impasse. Citing loss of students, employee layoffs, decrease in governmental trust, and additional financial burdens, representatives of the universities warned that schools are suffering from being forced to operate without state aid and support.
Republican lawmakers have worked to find a compromise to fund higher education and have stressed that there are a number of available alternatives on the table that would provide money to help fund Illinois' higher education system. However, efforts to move that legislation have been rebuffed by the legislative majority who would rather push for empty promises that the state cannot afford.
On March 9, the Executive Committee held a hearing on the Unbalanced Budget Response Act (UBRA). Leader Christine Radogno made it clear in committee that UBRA was the less preferable of the two routes to a state budget laid out by Governor Rauner in his budget address last month, emphasizing the need for compromise and bipartisan cooperation.
During his February 17 Budget Address, Governor Rauner laid out two paths to a balanced budget. "Path A" is the preferred option and requires legislators to come together in a bipartisan way to pass reforms and a balanced budget. If President Cullerton and Speaker Madigan continue to refuse to come to the table to negotiate reforms and a budget, then "Path B" would give Governor Rauner the authority and tools to free up state funds to patch budget holes for Fiscal Years 2016 and 2017.


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"A federal criminal investigation of Koch Industries West refinery in Corpus Christi, Texas, helped spark Charles Koch's interest in the criminal justice system."
Charles Koch is committed to reforming the criminal justice system:
"We are not a nation of bad people. We are a nation that made some bad choices," he said.
"We've become addicted to severe sentences, to the point where we are mass-producing convictions in many courts, while not providing defense counsel on a timely basis.
"We've got to fix that, and there is now a growing consensus among people knowledgeable about justice and economics that we are wasting precious human resources in criminal justice."
Koch is never quoted in the article, just his chief council. But still, this is the promised conservative critique of prisons we've been waiting for. On the other hand, Koch has only donated single-digit millions, (i.e. "seven figures") which is a small amount of his political contributions in total. The real question is what kind of pressure he's putting on Republican nominees and politicians.
Will this be in the Republican Party's platform for 2016? Will it be in the debates?


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Meet Lensa AI, the app that lets you transform your selfies into a 'Magic Avatar' portrait
Published: Dec. 08, 2022, 10:00 a.m.
The Lensa AI app creates "magic avatar" selfies.Prisma Labs via Instagram
Alexis Oatman, cleveland.com
CLEVELAND, Ohio-- Where are those artsy self-portraits that have been circulating on social media lately coming from? Meet the Lensa AI app.
While the application from Prism AI, a visual artificial intelligence company, has recently garnered attention on social media, it isn't new. The photo and video editor has been around since 2018. The Lensa app allows users to upload and edit photos or videos directly from their phones.
However, the new "magic avatar" feature debuted this past November.
"Six years ago, @prisma made a blast turning photos into art with the power of #neuralnetworks. Today @lensa.ai, the project by Prisma Labs team, is taking it one step further with mind-blowing AI avatars!" the company said in an Instagram post last month.
A post shared by Prisma (@prisma)
In the post, the company notes that the stylized self-portrait is "not a filter or an effect" but is generated from scratch with the user in mind.
"Upload 10-20 pictures, give it a few minutes, and get hundreds of artworks created by #artificialintelligence for you!" the company said.
The Lensa AI app is available for Apple and Google, and while there is an initial free trial, the trendy selfies can set you back at least $3.99 for 50 images.


A double post this week. I missed last week, due to spending the first half in DC (during horrible weather). I'm still a bit Docker-focused, attemtping to get certain programs to run a certain way, so that they can be considered "portable".
Floppy (over on Dangerous Prototypes) posted a firmware update to the USB IRToy. I've installed it and (knock on wood), it appears to be working better than v.22 and v.23, which typically crashed after 15-30 minutes of being idle. It's passed the 30-minute mark so far. The bad news is that some people are still having trouble with it. I'm hoping that it may be because they've not modified the suspend settings on their internal USB hubs. I'm using an external, powered hub. Fingers crossed!
- Media goes gaga over study showing women code better than men. Here's what's unsaid.
- You hear a voice in your head when you're reading right?
- Type edit and format with your voice in Docs no keyboard needed!


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How Cycling Can Boost Your Mental Health – GCN Does Science
(logo swooshing) (gentle orchestral music) – I know what you're thinking. That is a seriously cool hat. Probably out of your budget
though, and with good reason. It is no ordinary hat. It's monitoring and recording blood flow in my brain while I'm
doing a fitness test. The reason for it is to demonstrate that cycling has an
effect on how our brains actually function, as well as our bodies. And that means that as
well as being enjoyable, although not perhaps this exact bit, riding can also be a powerful tool to combat the stresses of modern life. We've come up to Oxford University, which has been at the forefront of mental health research
for many, many years. And recently they've been looking into the effects of exercise on mental health. And in doing so, they
discovered that cyclists suffer, on average, 21.6% fewer
days of poor mental health on any given month, compared
to people who didn't exercise. And in fact, cycling was
second only to team sports in its effectiveness in this regard. So to find out a little
bit more about this and get some much-needed practical advice on how we can use cycling to
improve our own mental health, we've come up to meet the
author of that research and some of his colleagues. Before we do though, I think
we should go back a step. I began by talking about stress, but the research talks
about mental health. So what actually distinguishes the two? Well, not very much. They're all interlinked. Stress is very common. Many of us are familiar with it, I'm sure. It's our body's way of dealing with situations it perceives as threatening. You get a release of certain hormones which then trigger a response
from our cardiovascular, our respiratory, and our nervous systems. It makes you hyper-alert, ready to fight, and very useful in small doses. But elevated stress levels over
medium to long-term can have really negative consequences
on our physical health, not to mention the repercussions
on our mental health. It can lead to depression and anxiety. A lot of us perhaps are unfamiliar with the symptoms of those,
but when you hear the list, might actually sound quite familiar. You might feel sad or empty. You might feel irritable
or hopeless, angry. You might have lost interest in your work or family or hobbies. You might struggle to concentrate. You might be feeling overwhelmingly tired, but yet still struggle to sleep. And it might change your
eating habits as well, either causing you to overeat
or indeed not eat at all. Now, I'll be really honest. I was surprised when I
recognized myself in that list. I mean, I consider myself
a very happy person, but yet clearly on reflection, there have been times in
my life when I've undergone some kind of mental health event. Now, I'm not alone in
that, not by a long shot. One in four people will have experienced mental health issues in the last year, one in six people in any given week. Now, in severe cases, of course, some kind of long-term
treatment will be needed, whether that's psychological
therapies or indeed medication. But yet as we saw from
those initial statistics from Sammi Chekroud's research, physical exercise can have
a really positive effect, both in treatment and prevention, and with cycling right
at the top of that list. How though? Well, here we are, back where we started, although we have changed universities. This is the Human Performance
Centre at Oxford Brookes, which is very conveniently
just down the road. And the scientists here are kindly about to put me through my
paces whilst wearing this, which is not a novelty hat,
but actually an infrared imaging system called
near-infrared spectroscopy. And what it's gonna do is show changes in blood flow to different
areas of my brain, meaning that we should be able to see in real time how that
changes as I start to ride. (laid back electronic music) As well as monitoring the
blood flow in my brain, I also, as you can see, have a mask on to collect expired gases to give the team a clear indication of how hard I'm trying, in addition to my heart rate,
which is being recorded, as well as my power being
measured by the Elite trainer. The test begins with riding
at 150 watts for four minutes before getting back to a baseline, then four minutes at 250 watts, then recovery before a final four minutes at nearly VO2 max, so about 425 watts. Three really distinct
intensities to hopefully provide a snapshot of how it
relates to brain function. – So we've got the system on your head, and it's measuring change in blood flow in the front of your brain. So what we can see on the
screen is change in activity, in terms of change in
amount of hemoglobin, as reflective of change in blood flow. – Okay.
– So hopefully showing a change in activity in those areas. (laid back electronic music) So what we'll do is wait here now until your heart rate comes back down to what it was at resting. – Okay.
– So plus or minus 10%. – Cool.
– Okay, so we'll just keep you sat there. (Simon panting) Are you happy to keep this going? – Yes.
– Okay. 'Cause you're working hard.
– Yes. – [Aide] How would you
rate your breathlessness? – [Simon] 18. – 18, and how hard you're working? – [Simon] Right now? – [Aide] As you were at the
end of the stage, just– – Okay, 18.
– 18. – I'm not gonna lie, I was quite glad to get that one over with,
although I will just say, actually, it probably wasn't
quite as bad as it looked. Well, as you can see, the hat is gone, but instead we're armed with
some quite incredible data. It's taken a lot of hard
work to get to this point. And to talk us through it,
we've got Professor John Geddes, who's the head of psychiatry
at Oxford University, which is adjacent to Oxford
Brookes, where we are now. Is there anything that
we can actually see then from this data that shows
that my brain starts to work differently as I'm cycling harder? – Yeah, there is. We can sort of look at
the results of the scan. And we were looking particularly
at your frontal lobes. So we're looking at the areas of the brain that are particularly
involved in decision-making, if you like, the control
center of the brain. So it's looking at decision-making
and the initiation of and maintaining goal-directed activity, and some of the kind
of emotional processing that happens in the brain too. And we can see some differences, even though it's just
you, and there's obviously lots of limitations to
looking at one person, and the way we did the experiment
didn't allow for warmup. But nonetheless, you know,
it indicates that the way that the frontal lobe is
activated at different levels of intensity of exercise
do differ in your case. – [Simon] The data that
Professor Geddes is referring to can be overlaid on a diagram of my brain. Each circle represents
the approximate location of one of the infrared light sensors. The shaded areas show
the parts of my brain where those centers detected a decrease in oxygenated blood as I rode harder, and then now where there was
a corresponding increase. The theory then is that an
increase in blood supply would follow an increase in activity. – Well, what we can see is
that, depending on the effort, so whether you're going at the
50% effort or the 90% effort, so I think that was 420 watts. – Something like that, I think, yeah. – Kicking out over, which obviously takes some degree of maintaining, then the area of the
brain that is focusing on maintaining that kind of goal increases as you go to the
higher level of effort. So we can't actually
map the brain activity onto real understanding of exactly what processes are involved. At this point it's more
being able to detect that there are differences
in this really key part of the brain,
depending on the effort. So the implication of
that is if you have to put more attention and concentration
on maintaining that goal, then it will involve an activation of different parts of the frontal lobe. – Okay, so there's a greater activity on my sort of goal-focused
part of my brain. What then would that be at the expense of? What part of my brain is potentially getting less oxygenated blood? – Well, from this we can't see that. But on the ratings, there are other areas of the frontal lobe that
might be doing less. So it might be by putting
more focus and attention into the goal-directed parts of the brain, you may be removing some of
the effort from other parts. But from the basis of this experiment, we couldn't really say
exactly what activities you're under-investing at that point. But there's only so much blood going around the brain at any point, so clearly by focusing
on one particular area, you're gonna be freeing up other areas. That's about as far as
we can go with this one. – Well, I mean, purely
subjectively, it's fascinating, because I find personally
that when I ride, if I'm riding gently, then my
sort of internal monologue, my hamster wheel is going nonstop. But the harder I ride, the
less I think about stuff, and the more I'm just sort
of in the moment and riding, which is why I probably
tend to ride everywhere as fast as I can, 'cause that,
for me, is my relaxation. And so does that kind of tally up then with what we've seen on this data? – Well, I think it does. It's really fascinating, isn't it, because we know that the way
that we engage with thinking can have quite substantial effects on our sense of wellbeing, relaxation. I mean, it underlies some of the other kind of
therapies that we've got. Things like mindfulness, where one changes the way you're interacting
with your external world and the way that you're
focusing on things. So I think it could well
be, not an explanation, but I think it could fit in with that subjective sense that you have, that by putting more effort into meeting a particular goal in cycling, then you find that more relaxing. It is interesting.
– It is fascinating. The good news, I guess
then, is that you know, in the short-term, there
is a significant impact on the way my brain's functioning. The bad news is that for me,
mindfulness is 425 watts. (John laughing) Armed then with the knowledge
that exercise clearly has an effect on brain
function in the short-term, we are now off to the
psychiatry department of Oxford University to
meet with Sammi Chekroud. He's the author of that research
we've already mentioned, very casually titled Association
Between Physical Exercise and Mental Health in 1.2 million Americans Between 2011 and 2015,
A Cross-Sectional Study, looking now, not at
the short-term effects, but the medium and the
long-term effects instead. (gentle orchestral music) So firstly then, how
did you actually sample such a large group of people? – So basically, every year the Center for Disease Control in the
United States deploys this thing called the Behavioral Risk
Factors Surveillance Survey, where they literally call people up in the States from every state in America, and they have this long list of questions where they get all kinds
of information on people. And then every two
years, they also collect information about people's
exercise behaviors. So how regularly people
exercise on average, and when they do exercise, how long for, what their kind of intensity is, and what kind of exercise
they primarily do. So that data's freely
available, it's just online. We downloaded the data and
just kind of went from there. – So what do the stats
actually tell us then, about exercise and mental health? – So broadly, what we
found is that there was a strong association between exercising and a worse mental health burden. So people were asked in the last month, how many bad days of
mental health did you have? So it's quite all-encompassing, included things like stress, like mood. And we found that people who exercised versus people who didn't
were associated with about 40% fewer days, bad mental health, than people who didn't exercise. So it's quite a big effect. And then because we have information on the type of exercise that people do and how often people
exercised and how long for, you can also look at specific features, like are some exercises better than others for mental health, are some durations of exercise
better than other durations, and are some frequencies
better than others, and found this kind of sweet spot where exercising for
three to five times a week for about 45 minutes each time was associated with the
best mental health outcome, and that once you look
at the type of exercise, that cycling came in as number two, just behind popular team sports, the kind of sports that
you would play at school. So things like football, rugby,
hockey, that kind of thing. And then with aerobic and gym exercises coming in close behind in third. – Now, is it possible
to tell from the data whether or not it's the exercise itself that helps to improve
people's mental health or whether actually people who exercise typically have intrinsically
better mental health? – The study that we employed was what's called a cross-sectional study. So we basically take a camera
and take a big snapshot of a large group of
people at one time point. And what that means is
because you don't track people over time and you don't make
people do certain things, you can't look specifically at causality. But what we can do is we can say at the level of a population, which has never really been done before. Typically, previous, kind
of more controlled studies will use sample sizes of somewhere between 50 and a couple of hundred. Instead we have a really large sample, and we can look more
broadly at the association. And then further research is needed to look at the really fine-grain
specifics of causality. But it's really hard to know, because there's two
quite intuitive things, which is if you feel bad and
you then start exercising, that's something that you can control, and there's definitely an aspect of taking ownership of your
mood, and that can help you, and exercise is one way of doing that. But also if you suffer
from low mood or stress, you're less likely to exercise,
which can then end up having this kind of spiral
with your mood as well. So it's likely that it is bi-directional. And other research has suggested that it is probably bi-directional, but it's really hard to tease apart. – Now, if you type exercise
and mental health into Google, your research is everywhere. The mainstream media picked up on it, left, right, and center. Now, to me I kind of thought, well, clearly it's a big story. Mental health is a big story. But also it suggests to me that perhaps people were surprised by
the results that you got. Were you surprised, or
did you kind of anticipate that this would be the outcome? – So the media kind of
pick up on these things 'cause they kind of like
gimmicks and phases. But it's also because
it's really accessible. People exercise, and
it's really well-known that exercise boosts your physical, like you feel fitter, you feel better. You can see the effects on your body. But the kind of effects
on your mental health are maybe a little bit less well-known. Because previous research has
been on quite small samples, even if it's been more controlled, it's hard to know how well it generalizes. So looking at such a large scale, you actually can't
really make any intuition as to whether it's gonna
remain as an effect, whether it will kind of be obliterated, or even about the size of it. It could've turned out to be a really small effect at
the level of the population, but actually it seemed to
hold, at least in our study. – Now, as a cycling nerd, I, well, first of all I
was particularly pleased to see that cycling
comes out at number two. But also there's so many
different types of cycling. Even just in my own hobby, I ride on road and I ride off road and I ride
indoors and I ride outdoors and I ride on my own and with groups. Can you look at the data
in a more granular way, specific to certain sports? – Yeah, I think it's really interesting. So on the basis of our study,
because it is quite large and some of the information
is self-reported in it, which means that looking at
very specifics is quite hard, but cycling is this
really interesting sport where if you want, you can go alone. You can just kind of like, cycle on roads, you can cycle off roads, on your own, you can join a cycling
club where you also get this kind of sociality effect of it by being part of a group,
having kind of common goals on rides and things like that. It can have more psychological
benefits as well. So there's definitely this
kind of situation in cycling, more so than in other sports
like football, for example, where you can be part of a
team or you can ride solo, depending on what you feel at any moment. And then this kind of difference between indoor versus outdoor. Most cyclists probably do both, depending on the time of year, but you probably also have a preference. And it's hard to say from, on the back of at least our research, actually which is more beneficial, because the cycling group that we had included people who kind of
cycled outdoors and indoors, whether that was on a turbo
trainer or in a gym as well. So for that, you need a bit
more precise measurements. So you need people to tell you
what it is that they do most. – It's perhaps not surprising
that there is still so much to learn about mental health, given the sheer
complexities of our brains. They contain about 100 billion cells. But as technology improves,
new avenues begin to open up. While at Oxford, we experimented with some more fancy headgear,
an EEG in this case. This time it's monitoring electrical activity in the
brain, as opposed to blood flow. It's portable, meaning
that our human guinea pig called Chris was able to
ride both indoors and out. One day, it could tell
us how the two activities might have different effects on the brain. Yet despite the fact that
there is a significant amount still to understand about
the brain and mental health, there is much that we do
know about ways to cope with stress, anxiety, and depression. And so to get some advice, we're back with Professor John Geddes, a psychiatrist by profession,
but also a bike rider. Are there any practical bits of advice that you could give us, perhaps to help us make
more of our cycling, with a view to helping our stress levels or anxiety or just general mental health? – Yeah, absolutely. I mean, I think the first
thing is to recognize that you are feeling depressed or anxious. People will often kind of just ignore it and drive on and try and bash through it, and that's not usually
the right thing to do. The right thing to do is
probably to reflect and work out what the causes are, whether
you can identify them. And if you can't do that, then to reflect and think about what you
might be able to do different. And obviously if people think
cycling is enjoyable for them, to try and look at what
possible component it is about cycling that is helpful for them. For some people it's the exercise, the cardiovascular
exercise and the rewards they get from that and
the increased fitness. That can have a very beneficial
effect on the way we feel. But other people, it's
different things entirely. It's such a rich activity. It can be riding with others
gives you social inclusion, and that's a very useful thing to do if people are depressed. For other people, it's
completely opposite. It's riding alone, because they want space from other people. They want to be able to
relax away from others. Some people, you know, it's the enjoyment about the manual fiddling
around and nerdery of cycles. That can be very pleasurable,
and it's a real reward thing. So that might be useful for some people. 'Cause as it gets to a more severe stage, those things might not work so much, and we might then need to go and get medical or clinical help in general, and get some different treatment. But we're talking about the stage that many people experience of mild depression, anxiety, or stress. And that's where things like cycling can be hugely beneficial. – Now, you touched a moment ago on more serious mental illnesses. I guess for a lot of what you said, it's applicable to people with stress or anxiety or mild depression. But what about if you have
slightly more severe depression? What's the steps that
you would need to take? – If you like, depression and
anxiety are on a continuum. So when it gets to a certain level, it starts having a fairly major effect on your ability to function, whether it be at work or
in your relationships. And it's at that point that we tend to see it as a clinical disorder, and at that point it's appropriate to get additional help for it. And the sorts of treatments
that are available for that vary between psychological therapies like cognitive behavior therapy or mindfulness-based therapy
or antidepressant drug therapy. Again, it's difficult to
know for the individual who is going to respond to what. We're not at the point of knowing how to recommend specific interventions. But as a general principle
for sort of mild to moderate, I would tend to go for the psychological or changing things,
increasing the exercise. But when it gets to a certain
stage of maybe moderate, then that's when most
recommendations would be to at least consider
antidepressant treatment as well. – [Simon] Okay, but it would be. The first port of call would
be to go to your GP or– – Yeah, certainly in the
UK, then that would be, your general practitioner
would be to go to, or in other countries,
whoever the family doctor is in general, and that's
usually the right way in. You can seek help through counselors or psychologists or
other psychotherapists. One of the difficulties is
knowing who delivers what, and knowing, again, what the
treatment is that they offer, whereas at least if you go in through the established health service route, you will tend to get something that is more defined and more reliable. – Invaluable advice. Firstly, admit that there is a problem. Then reflect on what it is that provides relief and do more of it. In the case of cycling, it
could be one of many aspects, but we are all different, so
undoubtedly it's gonna require a little bit of self-analysis. For me it's short, high-intensity rides, either on my own or with
a close friend or two on quiet roads or trails. As a defense against stress, this is as effective
as anything I've found. I hope you found this video
useful as well as informative. I, for one, have found it
absolutely fascinating, so I would just like
to say a big thank you to the staff at Oxford and
Oxford Brookes Universities for their help in making
this video possible, not least because I now feel
like I have scientific proof to show that I do indeed need
to ride my bike really hard regularly for the benefit
of my mental health. Now, do make sure you get involved in the comments section down below. And if you'd like to watch another video that's on a topic very
similar to this one, click just down there.
Tagged and, anxiety, benefit, Bicycle (Product Category), bike, Bikes, brain, c1, c3, cbt, cure, cycling, cycling tips, Cycling Training, cycling workout, Cyclist, D2, Depression, endorphins, exercise, expert, gc04s1, gc11sas, gc11shs, gc21s, GCN, GCN Cycling, Global Cycling Network, h3, help, Investigate, Low, low mood, mental health, neurology, Oxford, p1, prevention, r1, research, Road Bike, sad, science, sec-feature, simon richardson, Sports, stress, suicide, Symptom, That), the, treatment, v1, velo, Բ, Ժ, Լ, Ծ, Ձ, Ղ, ཋcomment100 Comments on How Cycling Can Boost Your Mental Health – GCN Does Science
"Healthy Habits" Flu Spot, English, 30 secs.
100 Replies to "How Cycling Can Boost Your Mental Health – GCN Does Science"
Global Cycling Network says:
We'd love to hear your side of the story – has cycling helped you overcome stress and mental health issues?
Roger St Hilaire says:
Particularly when I am stressed, a good outdoor ride regardless of the weather clears the head and resets the soul to address what ever issues are at hand.
Orlando Olmo says:
I REALLY NEED TO RIDE MORE OFTEN! 😳
Shaun McNally says:
Under periods of stress your body releases the "fight or flight" hormone. The problems occur when you can neither fight nor flight and are continually pumping out the hormone. Exercise takes the place of the "flight." Your body doesn't care if you're running from a bear or running a 5 K charity race.
Daniel Wade says:
Crushing it with the journalism! I'm really enjoying these more in-depth stories you all are coming up with. Thanks!
JMax says:
That survey might have best demonstrated who still has a land line in the U.S. and who's willing to answer a call and continue with a survey.
phill whitlam says:
Great video guys. Keep em coming Si, these in depth features put the channel in another league.
Scoop940 says:
So the fact that your mind wanders less when working hard explains a lot about turbo training, it's ok for a hard session but soul destroying for longer low effort ride. My happy place is hacking fast round the local single track, no time for the mind to wander.. well unless you want to hit a tree!
Benjamin Bates says:
Granular! Well done Si!😋
Seriously tho, excellent video👍🏼
Vasco Grilo says:
Thank you for adressing this very important issue. One should really not decrease the level of exercise bellow a certain level when the number of tasks/work increases. For me, if I do not exercise for a week, I sort of start feeling down, even if there is not a set of reasons that I can identify as explanations. Also, I feel that going for a ride outdoors, specially when it´s a sunny winter day, is about the greatest thing one can do!
Bill C says:
This segment really illustrates how GCN continues to step up the value of the channel to our cycling community. Simon, and the whole channel, should be very proud of this effort.
Andrew Lynch says:
Love the blue Polar M400(?) on the wrist of the interviewee in the second half. He clearly likes to exercise!
Imran Shaikh says:
great video Simon . well done you and the team. The Sunday content gets better and better. Love the mix of seriousness and silliness. long live gcn!
Camille McGregor says:
A million times yes! I have suffered with SAD since my teens, but have had the best winter of my life since getting a smart trainer and doing regular rides on Zwift (3-5 per week). A consistent sleep schedule and less booze have helped, but I'm going to attribute the biggest mood boost to exercise. Thanks GCN for turning me on to Zwift and helping me get through the winter blues with flying colors!
Meal Stub says:
This video speaks to me… I love it. Thank you for this GCN!
Wayne Powell says:
A truly wonderful and informative video (in the great tradition of GCN videos). Love the Brits and their intellectual sense of humour. I'm Canadian, my Dad Welsh. Not sure that matters, but it's my perspective and partly why I enjoy GCN (as a newcomer at 55 to the sport) so much. And pretty much spot on, sports activities help give a sense of goal, purpose and social fit.
terermate says:
thepointof says:
Great film, thanks GCN. For many (many) years my wife has understood that if I don't go biking I get grumpy. I work/life denies me riding there is a breaking point where I am sent out for a ride. It is the same for me where there is the sustained hard effort, where you hear blood pumping, that gets you to a state of meditation where all the other stresses in your life are forgotten. Sure, the issues haven't gone away but you realise they don't as much as 'that climb' and you can think about them logically again.
Andreas Söderström says:
I have ADHD and cycling is one of the really true moments where I am 100% focused. I love it.
Nick Marshall says:
Truly great content here. Thanks Si!!
Ken Moum says:
About 15 years ago I ended up with pretty severe depression due to a drug side effect and saw a psychiatrist for a bit. He told me that nothing would be better for me than exercise. I call riding my endorphin injection. At age 71 I'm not fast, and I'm no great climber, but 25-40 miles on a bike are my true Zen moments.
Since I'm not fast, I tend to use my bike to explore the world a bit. No big adventures, but just following a new route or bike path make me happy. Even riding around a neighborhood works for me.
Brenton Chan says:
This video/study sure is very informative!! I was (still am) overloaded with work and also had bad luck with the flu bug. Slowly but surely my bike time, and all physical activity for that matter, waned to the point of non-existence….. Ok, perhaps that's a tad dramatic but it sure feels as such in hindsight. My colleagues noticed the gradual changes in my attitude (plus no longer seeing my cyclocross bike) and eventually, seriously asked if I was alright. Easily irritated, sleep deprived, wack schedule, being purposefully recluse. It took some time for me to notice the mask I had adopted. Wave upon wave of pain and stress burst out. So busy taking care of others that I forgot to take care of myself. I've learnt to make "me" time (no matter how small the amount) a requirement. I recall finally taking out my bike, cleaning it and charging the lights, surprisingly therapeutic. Jumping back on was another level of stress and anger released. Felt weak as hell at first but it was incredibly satisfying to be able to push out/release my negative energy. To cleanse myself, basically. Sorry for blabbing but it feels good to share. There's always someone you can talk to. It's true, the usually line thrown about: It's one of the hardest things for a person to do, to be able to make themselves truly vulnerable. Thanks Si! Thanks GCN!
Mario Putra says:
"Are you happy to keep this going?"
don gentle says:
I am Bipolar, cycling is an essential component of my treatment regime, along with meds, art and mindfulness.
kymbo72 says:
Results are in: It was discovered that Si does in fact have a brain
Shaun Green says:
Great video Si on a very real issue, thanks for making this.
Daniel Slusser says:
@GCN and Simon: This is next level work! Very impressive network TV-level stuff IMO. An important, well researched topic handled with the right tone and pro presentation. I think this video has the potential to actually change lives and that's something to be very proud of. Cheers guys!
Brian Willaman says:
You look like Bane from Batman…very cool. Love this channel!!!
I always say, "cycling is my therapy". Nothing beats a 4 hour ride through farm land and the woods to help clear the mind.
Irish Wristwatch says:
exactly this is the reason, why i dont "pedal" to my wort place. I race. I always try to beat my PB an that is such a motivating thing and if i beat my PB i´m happy all work day long 🙂
Anthony Holden says:
One of the trickiest parts of the balance between stress and exercise is that we convince ourselves we are "too busy" to get out. I've made that excuse to myself many times. However, even going out for a quick 30 minute spin VASTLY improves my mood every time. Thanks for the reminder!!
John Bolton says:
I went riding today in Calgary. It was minus 15C when I hit the road. I had on layer upon layer of clothing, winter cycling shoes, a balaclava and it was damn chilly. The roads were snowy and icy. Riding made it feel 10C colder with the windchill… It also made me feel great!!! Sure cycling is good for your mental health… on a freezing cold day like today it also shows that I'm mental.
Rich Burgess says:
Great Segment, video Simon!
Again, great job and a great way of differentiating GCN from other similar channels. I will be a happy viewer if this is the kind of videos you want to make.
Rohan Mandhre says:
Thank you GCN, video really helped to understand the inside story of the brain and how to fight depression.
Nathan Heywood says:
Another very very awesome video by Si. Especially when mental health is such a massive issue.
Mark Kelly says:
For me mindfulness is the pain and suffering on the bike, after that all your stress/mental worries dissolve. I know as I attempted suicide a number of years ago and returning to the bike was and is my life line!!! Great video GCN this has probably helped many people!!
Brian Schiff says:
Now I can show my wife why I love to cycle so much. Watch out GCN, Simon is going to be voicing BBC Science documentaries soon.
Short_ EDC says:
What I find so great is that we're getting mental health into conversation, great vid guys, personally I have suffered depression and came close to taking my own life, it's so important to remember that life can change so fast, cycling help me beat depression Along with many other things. I'm working through anxiety now, keep talking about it and supporting each other 👍🏻
Brian Moore says:
Always very professional research and presentation. GCN is getting better and better. Well done guys!
Normand Robert says:
Well done. I am a scientist and I was pleased that correlation versus causation was discussed. Good to see these new directions being explored.
Martin Ormston says:
Large amounts of stress tend to come from work. Is there a correlation between those who's work is 'physical' as opposed to sitting behind a desk?
Dun Kno says:
Gcn knocks it out the park again. Big up Si.
b peako says:
Awesome segment
Eric Herbert says:
Fitness, including cycling, has helped me stay sober. It provides that sense of fulfillment that addicts are always chasing. And it does this through delayed gratification, rather than instant. Which is a very important behavior to learn.
The Rant says:
I think every cyclist out there identifies with Si when he said when your riding along within your limits you still have thoughts running through your brain, but as soon as he pushes himself he enters that zone !! That zone is a amazing place I find it so addictive ! Great vid GCN …. I only wish my zone was 425watts !
chongly says:
I understand the "happiness" increase due to exercise activity in isolation but what the university study misses is to me a big part of the happiness of riding and that is the sheer elation of riding with the wind in your face, the visual pleasure of riding over nice countryside or beautiful views, and the elation one feels when descending at speed. Surely this is has a significant impact on how good you feel during riding that is not taken into account when riding in a computer filled room with a sci fi hat on your head? Given this is probably hard to measure.
Paul Murden says:
Great video and I'm sure many can relate to it. Cycling certainly helps me with my baggage and I'm sure without it I could start going backwards. Well done GCN
andrian paul manansala says:
In general excercise can make you happy
Keebored K says:
Top quality info-video! GCN's brought invaluable spotlight on evidence that would otherwise be limited to the readership of scientific journals (and a few nerdy cyclists). Finally, evidence to make-sense of the dopaminergic/ meditative benefits of riding (many of us are familiar with). 😊👍🏻🚴🏻♀
willbaren says:
This is excellent. I really enjoyed it.
charles gould says:
"Are you working hard?"…Watt meter reads 425
Georgi Vantov says:
it did helped me with stress and now cycling is a way of living 🙂
Richard Gurney says:
Excellent video. Well done GCN.
penguinfruity says:
Cycling used to be my go-to hobby for stress and anxiety relief, but what I ended up doing was increasing the stuff that made me stressed and then offset it with more cycling. This worked for about 2 years until I had some significant physical health issues due to over-doing it lol. Although I agree with the concept that exercise is necessary to maintain a healthy lifestyle, you also need to manage the cause of the stress at the same time. Otherwise, using exercise to offset the stress is a bit like painting over a damp stain, its just going to come through again.
Trey Quattro says:
"yes, we are all different!" "I'm not". Excellent program (if I can call a YouTube video a program?) and highlights amongst other things Si's perspicacity as an interviewer in a scientific realm. Alas, we still don't have a good understanding of how the brain, or rather the mind, functions, even with a "novelty" hat and a couple of top university departments. Still, more grist for future mills!
Ib Erik Söderblom says:
Really a good video !!!
Amram Weismann says:
Can't agree more cycling definitely relaxes me when i have a hard day in the office or working on an issue that doesn't seem to have any solution i stop get on my trainer cycle an hour or so shower go back to work and all works out
Stephan Claes says:
I have suffered from Burn out and deprresion, those times are 12 years behind me. It where hard an difficulat times, but I got out of it with some good life lessons. At first therapy and medication got me to the point where I could redirect my life, change jobs, leave a bad relationship, then in more stable times I got on without medication. As anyone you have to battle your demons but I managed. I could say I was moderatly happy. 3 years ago I started to train, and got into triathlon, since then coping with stress has gotten much easyer. It's stille there, don't be fooled, but mindfullness is indeed at 110 RPM on a static bike … or at 4:50 min/km running, … it really helps. That being said, I would have never been able to get into this sport and shape without the therapy and treatement I had years ago. Exercise is a great help I think, but it's not a treatement. And of course, when you get stronger you feel so much more confident, and for people with depression, low self esteem, and anxiety, like me, that's a great bonus.
stratplayer53 says:
Speaking for myself as a 65 year old male that grew up playing competitive sports such as hockey and american football. i found myself dealing with depression and anxiety after having to give these activities up not even realizing they were probably keeping me mentally healthy. In my fifties I started weight training and cycling and it seems to have helped keeping me on a mentally even keel so much so that I've used my indoor stationary cycle to stop the beginning of a panic attack dead in its tracks. So yes I would say exercise in any form makes a huge difference in your mental and physical heath .
DCM SR says:
Great Video!!!!
M S Vishal Bhardwaj says:
I've been blown away with how much effort is being taken in preparing such amazing content by GCN team.
It's just amazing and mind boggling to see how much something I did to lose some weight has had substantially more effect on me.
Great content guys.
Cody Gulley says:
Miles = Smiles
The Clydesdale MTBer says:
As a person who suffers from depression and anxiety cycling is literally the main thing that pulls me out of the seriousness of the feelings. I can literally just commute and I have a smile on my face. Cycling is the only thing that brings us back to the initial achievements of being a child I believe. Cheers GCN
Ed Sinofsky says:
My memory is noticeably better after starting to ride the last few years a lot. 60 YO. 10K miles last year. I now remember even store clerk names after noticing a decrease in memory in my 50s.
test868 says:
Very very good video (and the others like this). Keep doing more of this type of stuff…
Luís Claro says:
Thank you super much for these kind of videos! Nice work! GCN is getting better and better! Please keep the good work and passion:)
Marian FD says:
This. THIS is something else. Congratulations, GCN. Way to go.
Ricard Molins Molins says:
have always been a mtb fan and never a roadie … however i keep finding myself at GCN
Tony Bartlett says:
This is a fabulous video, along with the one on cardiovascular health. As a lifelong cyclist, I can recognise the differences in my mental state when I've not been able to get out on the road or trail. The more we understand the impact of activity on our wellbeing, I think that we are recognising the real negative impact of our being displaced from our natural environment. Cycling appears to improve our demeanor at an individual and possibly societal level. Keep up the good work.
ex catholic says:
Great video! Please give us more videos on exercise physiology.
Psy 555 says:
Cycling helps, excercise helps… talking helps too. Just a quick example this video has 510 comments (between 10.02.19 when it was published and today, 10.05.19). Another GCN video…What's The Best Bag For Commuting By Bike? Saddle Bag Vs. Panniers Vs. Backpack (between 18.02.19 and today, 10.05.19) has 682 comments!! Keep making great videos guys, Keep talking and most of … keep cycling!!
EK Lim says:
brains evolved for motor/limps controls for reproduction success. Cognition is just a byproduct. So exercise is linked to better mental health.
Perry Middlemist says:
It never ceases to amaze me the amount and depth of information GCN provides. And, as an IT administrator, I love data and GCN certainly satisfies my need!
الجاليه Aljaliah says:
Hi GCN and a big Hi to Si ! A great piece of work away from the usual indeed. Q: can a private person go to these labs and have tests run on them (for a fee) ? Thank you
Dick The Aspergeron says:
It helps me without doubt, but too much, interestingly enough causes the reverse but I think that may be to do with excess fatigue/exhaustion – being tired is psychologically damaging. Before I smashed my foot, I used to run for this reason – it made me feel better. Cycling does, but not in the same way which is odd as the argument is that exercise creates a mental benefit. Balance of experiences aside, the immediate benefits are bio-chemical (endorphins, adrenaline, etc.) but the secondary benefits are the successes cycling can bring ANYONE – losing weight and a better body image (internally and externally – how you think you look and how you actually look and how you feel about others viewing you). Cycling gives you time to focus, to experience living in the moment and a reason to be outside. Also, another success is that saying "I rode 20 miles" for a beginner cyclist is HUGE when you think about how far 20 miles actually is and then going to 40, 60, 80 and the big 100 is phenomenal with the looks from non-cyclists when you say it, speaking volumes. I'm autistic (Aspergers and a few other things) so I see things differently from NTs but the bio-chem side is just as valid and makes the cycling experience transparent for all humans – I did an MSc in structural molecular biology to understand this better. Thanks GCN, really lads, you're great and make all of this so accessible. Don't stop.
Clint Nieves says:
You might want to include what the rider sees in the environment while they ride that might get some stress read out. Do a ride with varying City traffic conditions and some scenic tranquil rides
J ? says:
I have mental health issues that I have learned to live with and on those rough days I've found that simply getting on me bike and taking a ride definitely helps me. Thanks for touching on this issue and a super big thumbs up to Si and Chris!!! GREAT VIDEO GUYS KEEP UP THE GOOD WORK AND THANK YOU!!!!!! CHEERS
Nick Tarry says:
Si, goes to Oxford University puts on glasses. Got to look smart.
Ruemann says:
Scott Margerum says:
I really love your guys work — keep it up guys … You are all Amazing
Philip Donelan says:
I really enjoyed this and incredibly important to share.
Currently, depression is huge killer around the world and can disrupt every area of life.
Cycling since I could walk has allowed me to connect with all the comments below.
Meditation also brings about similar mental clarity and alertness too and has changed my relationship with thought. So the same bothering thoughts may never go away but my personal attachment/relationship shifts and therefore the thoughts loose their power.
Check out their website if you have time www.thebrightpath.com
Thank you GCM
Arnold Ng says:
Outstanding comment, well presented. Keep up the great work. I am a fan of your channel and have learned alot. I am a cyclist and enjoy your sense of humor. The video on cycling on men's private areas was quite informative and a bit shocking but well done nevertheless. 🙂
Graham Baldwinson says:
Great video GCN I am a cyclist but as well have mental health issues when I get out on the bike it helps with blocking out my problems and get a sense of freedom I also ride with a club relaxed club and it gets me out away from my 4 walls so to speak of my flat with a big sence of achievement and making me fill so much better in myself 100% afterwards coming back from a ride
Mo Def says:
I really love GCNs health related videos! Being well spoken and friendly and seeming genuinely interested, Si's the perfect presenter for them.
n30pyr0 says:
Nice video on a very important topic. Well done GCN! 👍 One aspect that could be discussed further, specifically related to cycling, is the mindset that we have. Most cyclists develop a strong "warrior spirit" to endure the pain over time and it becomes a very useful skill in life to fight against mental health problems. Personally, I started cycling very early in my life to fight physical health problems and develop my heart and lungs. I remember that thanks to my training, as a teenager, I was mentally already tough compare to other people. And it surely helped me later in life to fight depression and stress. Cycling is such a complete sport to develop yourself and help prevent or treat any problem of life.
jcsrst says:
Cycling has saved my life in more ways than one.
NCC1701A says:
The only think I know is once that I am on my bike , I am in LALA LAND, and nothing can beat that feeling. I often do long detour to keep that feeling last has long as possible before getting home. My favourite time of the day is early morning, sun rising moment..
sanket kulkarni says:
Thanks GCN and Si for putting up this video, recently i have been suffering from stress and depression from office workload. I had started cycling 4 years back, but stopped due to laziness and office schedule, but you just gave me a way out. Thanks again for this video. You guys always rock. Am a big fan of Si, the way he deals with complex things in a simplified way. Cheers guys 🍺🍺
C Finistere says:
Simon looks like Sheldon in that episode of Big Bang Theory.
jason drury says:
I suffer from clinical depression and anxiety and cycling has been my saviour, thanks for the video. Keep up the great work
Lord ofNosgoth says:
What I can tell you is that exercising and especially cycling have ripped me out of my years depression and anxiety and have generally made me a happier person. I'd encourage it for everyone.
Hugo Brown says:
For sure I've been down, even depressed more than once in my life, but I'd say the "sport" in general saved my life. Cycling at 14, then table tennis, then badminton, then football, then tennis, then running, then windsurfing, then walking, now road cycling again. So absolutely YES! I also have commuted on a bike through my life off and on since my first bike.
Bob Shy says:
Yes. I'd be stuck troubleshooting a circuit card, go for a lunch ride and then figure out a solution the 30 minutes I was away pedaling.
fred dref says:
Love all your vids,very informative. I'm just a recreation/commuter cyclist. I ride all year unless it's icy/snowy. 3 yrs ago I got rear- ended in my car and was off the bike for about 8months and couldn't ride. I got really depressed and angry, as I got back on the bike things got better, then I got hit in the side of my car from someone who ran a stop sign, so off the bike again. Anyway, I really notice when I'm not outside riding,my moods are aweful, and co- workers and my wife notice as well. Going to the gym helps alittle,but being outside on the bike is my ZEN.
Pulkit Sharma says:
I would've ended up killing myself if not for bicycling.
Apichar Jiratanan says:
cycling makes me happy
Graham Fielder says:
I have been cycling for over 40 years but because of my situation now, living alone in Italy, I have had a number of panic attacks over the last year, but have found if i can get out on my bike I can relieve the stress and clear my brain of negative thoughts.
It would be interesting to see how/if the results be different for riding on a calm path or busy car filled street, compared to on a stationary bike in a lab.
Antonio Mura says:
Fascinating video. In my experience however, exercise increases mood compared to doing nothing, but doesn't improve mental health. (Good mental health implies an optimal chemical reaction to your effort,) After my mental health improved, I experienced a lot more enjoyment from cycling compared to when I was depressed.


Next125 Handleless Brilliant white high gloss with stainless steel effect plinths and grip rails.
180cm long island with sink and hob.
150cm mid height units with two built in Siemens single ovens.
60cm wide wine cooler under worktop.


text:
Home Articles IAMAI introduces Universal Self-regulation Code for OCCPs
IAMAI introduces Universal Self-regulation Code for OCCPs
India's Internet and Mobile Association (IAMAI) has launched a Universal Self-Regulation Code for Online Curated Content Providers (OCCPs). The code has been adopted by 15 OCCPs in India including Amazon Prime Video, Netflix, Zee5, Viacom 18, Disney Hotstar, MX Stream, Jio Cinema, Eros Now, Alt Balaji, Arre, Shemaroo, Discovery Plus, HoiChoi, Hungama, and Flickstree.
The purpose of this industry-wide initiative is to provide customers with information and tools to help them make better choices about viewing decisions for them and their families. At the same time, fostering imagination and allowing artists the ability to tell the finest stories.
The Universal Self-Regulation Code provides a specification for the age rating and content descriptions for titles as well as access control mechanisms to allow users more flexibility and power. The Code further provides a process for straightforward, open, and organized dispute resolution and escalation to disclose non-compliance with the specified guidelines.
As part of this process, each OCCP will create a Department of Customer Disputes and/or an internal committee, as well as an advisory council to deal with grievances, appeals, and escalations. The consulting team will consist of a minimum of three members, including an independent professional counsel and two senior OCCP executives.
Chair of the IAMAI Digital Entertainment Committee, Tarun Katial, said, "The Universal Self-Regulation Code for OCCPs is based on a common conviction that customer confidence and artistic creativity are essential to the Indian entertainment industry's long-term growth. We've made it easy for users to make the best viewing choices about themselves and their families with the Mechanism about Age Ratings, Subject Definitions, and Parental Restrictions in tandem with a grievance resolution scheme.
He also added that The mix of empowering customers and encouraging innovative excellence will make Online Curated Content Creators stand at the forefront of delivering India's best content to the world and giving Indian audiences the finest stories from around the globe. Technology has been embraced by most of the big streaming platforms, and they are looking forward to seeing more joinings.
The Code is valid as of 15 August 2020 and enables OCCPs to meet in a time-bound manner with all the guidelines. Each signatory to the code has decided to nominate an external advisor within 60 days from September 5, as part of the grievance resolution process.
iamai
OCCP
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text:
Home News Labor's risky bet on Fowler
Labor's risky bet on Fowler
Labor has taken a gamble in its attempt to move Labor deputy leader of the Upper House Kristina Keneally to the House of Representatives parachuting her into the electorate of Fowler. But will this gamble pay off?
Independents have cut through this Federal election in a way they rarely do. Nearly a quarter of Australians say they are planning to vote for a third party or independent candidate this election. So-called "teal independents" running in safe Liberal seats have received widespread publicity, while the national media has barely noticed Independent candidate for Fowler, Dai Le.
But Western Sydney politics rarely rate a mention in the national news; more so in this election as the cameras focus squarely on better-funded independent campaigns in Wentworth, North Sydney and Goldstein. So why are the bookies listing Fowler as a key battleground this election?
With momentum from a recent landslide victory, Le may emerge as a major threat to Labor, who she accuses of "taking the electorate for granted". Other candidates think Keneally is running scared. Fowler is considered a safe Labor seat but Labor have lost "unlosable" elections before and Le has a knack for securing strong swings.
Fairfield Easter Fair proves a popular attraction for Fairfield locals. Photo: Courtesy Fairfield City Council
I arrive early at the Fairfield Easter Fair, where I'm scheduled to meet Le's campaign in a few hours. Fairfield locals have embraced their local Easter Fair, with hundreds of people in line to enter, even this early on Saturday morning. I note the gold coin entry, friendly gate staff and fast-moving line is a refreshing contrast to the Royal Easter Show.
After two years of avoiding social contact, the fair is an overwhelming assault on the senses. Lights flash. Salty snacks sizzle. Humans shout, scream and laugh. Most people walk together in pairs or large family groups, but the odd lone walker strolls by, looking as dazed as I feel. The only hint of the impending election is Dai Le's campaign stall, in prime position between the food court and children's rides.
This is strong home turf for Le. In 2018, as deputy mayor of Fairfield, she and Mayor Frank Carbone presided over the re-development of the Showground and the creation of the Fairfield Easter Fair.
"The Easter show is too expensive. We, Dai and I, wanted something affordable for Fairfield families, where they could have a good day out close to home," says Mayor Carbone.
Chatting with Fairfield locals, it becomes clear most people haven't tuned into the election yet. Asked who they plan to vote for, several make faces like they've just smelled something unpleasant.
One local, Chris, captured the mood: "Well, it's obviously a safe Labor seat. Let's see how safe it really is." He later tells me he's planning on either "deciding on the day," or handing in a donkey vote.
Keneally, who has been "campaigning since September", is notable for her absence at the Easter fair.
Dai Le presence prominent at the Fairfield Easter Fair. Photo: Monika Falco
While this may be a speed bump for Dai Le's campaign, which has defined itself in opposition to Keneally, it could mean, as campaign volunteers cheerily sing throughout the day, "a one way ticket to the Northern Beaches," for Keneally.
Labor's Shadow Immigration Minister and former NSW Premier was selected as the candidate for Fowler against the wishes of the local branch. Its preferred candidate, Tu Le, told ABC Radio National locals were "furious" about NSW Labor's decision to back Keneally. "We know it happens a lot of the time on both sides of politics, but I think now people who couldn't care less about politics are more engaged. They're furious, in fact. The public commentary about this clearly shows their rage," she said.
Outgoing Labor member Chris Hayes had also indicated he wanted the local lawyer to replace him in the safe Labor seat before the party selected Keneally.
Dai Le's campaign is making a strong appeal to disaffected major party voters, particularly Labor voters alienated by the selection of Kristina Keneally as the local candidate.
"We want someone local, not someone parachuted in from the Northern Beaches," says Monica, one of Le's campaign volunteers. "We want someone who cares about us; Keneally only cares about the job."
Dai Le says she has nothing against Keneally personally but doesn't think she should be running for the seat of Fowler.
"It's not just that she's not from here, she's from the privileged part of Sydney. And if you know this part of Sydney, we have a lot of migrants and refugees from low socio-economic backgrounds. The idea of bringing in someone from such a privileged background just boggles the mind.
"Labor and the Liberals have taken [our] community for granted for too long. I want to make sure they never take advantage of us again."
Asked whether she would like to form a voting block with other independents, Le said: "I'd love to work as a [voting] block, but they're all from really affluent suburbs – our interests are totally different. I want to protect the environment for future generations, but I'm more interested in whether our local schools, aged care homes and roads are up to scratch."
Fowler and its surrounding electorates are Labor heartland; a training ground for NSW Labor's most important power brokers like Joe Tripodi and Sam Dastyari. Labor won Fowler by 14 per cent in the last federal election, and the Liberal party hasn't run candidates in Fairfield local elections for the better part of a decade.
While Le's fiscal conservative views, journalist background and the fact she is a woman will inevitably draw comparisons to independents like Zoe Daniel and Kylie Tink, her campaign is an extension of the Independent campaign she and Mayor Frank Carbone have run in council elections for years.
Mayor Carbone says: "I'm already mayor and Dai's already the deputy. We're already exhausted from the last election we had [in December]. It's just that we've been approached by so many people saying 'we want to have a choice of a local representative'.
"So that's what we're doing. We're standing up for our local community because we believe in it, and, you know, we were here when the lockdowns happened and we were here when the lockdowns finished and we will always be here before and after this election – win, lose or draw."
While Carbone is a former Labor mayor, and Le entered politics as a Liberal, they've found common ground working on local issues, without the interference of party politics. Over the course of two Fairfield local government elections, Le and Carbone performed an effective coup against a council long considered safe Labor.
In the December 2021 council elections, Carbone was returned as mayor with 73.5 per cent of the vote (+23.3 per cent), and Le's personal vote was higher than the entire Labor ticket in her ward. After the dust had settled, Independents controlled 10 of the 13 seats on Fairfield Council, with a total swing of 52.4 per cent against the major parties.
Le also has form in state politics, having never secured less than a 20 per cent swing in her favour. As the Liberal Candidate in the 2008 Cabramatta by-election, she secured almost triple the vote of the previous Liberal candidate for Cabramatta, Victor Smith.
In the 2011 state election, Le secured an additional 26.1 per cent swing for the Liberal party, bringing them within 2.1 per cent of gaining a state seat that has been safe for Labor since its creation in 1981.
Even without the name recognition of the Liberal Party, Le was able to secure 25.9 per cent of the primary vote in Cabramatta as an independent in 2019 – significantly more than Liberal candidate Austin Le. While Labor still won the election comfortably, they can't have failed to notice the 10 per cent drop in primary vote that accompanied Dai Le's independent run for the seat. While state and local results never translate directly into federal politics, Dai Le's average swing of over 20 per cent against major parties would obliterate Labor's "safe" 14 per cent margin.
One Nation candidate Tony Margos and United Australia Party candidate Lela Panich are running their own 'vote local' campaigns. Both project a strong sense of local pride, and will preference Le over Keneally. "I respect her [Kristina Keneally], she's got great qualities, but she's not a local. She doesn't understand the community. They backstabbed that young Vietnamese lawyer, Tu Le. Chris Hayes wanted her to be his successor. That's really disheartening," says Panich.
Tony Margos sees Keneally's candidacy as another sign of disrespect for Western Sydney. "I'm sick of being treated like we don't matter because we're from Western Sydney. As far as I'm concerned, we're all equal. They [politicians] should start acting like it."
Liberal candidate Courtney Nguyen will also preference Le higher than Keneally. While Liberal Democrat candidate Peter Runge did not respond to enquiries about his preferences, his explicitly anti-Labor platform suggests he will preference Le over Keneally. Greens candidate Avery Howard is the sole candidate committed to support Keneally over Le.
Based on the 2019 federal election and 2019 NSW State Election, Le could reasonably expect to see at least 8 per cent – 12 per cent of first round preferences if Keneally is unable to win a majority of primary votes.
Le may be the dark horse in this race, but her campaign is playing to win. With Carbone in tow, Dai Le's local profile may capture the attention of disengaged voters, tired of Western Sydney being the last thing on everyone's mind. With undecided voters currently around 7 per cent nationwide, the area's traditionally high informal vote, and demonstrated willingness to throw the major parties out on their ears in the recent past, Fowler is anything but safe for Labor this election.
Mayor Carbone seems undaunted by the task of taking a safe Labor seat: "You know what? We're always the underdogs out here in Fairfield and Liverpool so we're always fighters. We're people with great passion and great pride, and we will always stand up for our community, just like they stand up for themselves. Bring it on."
Kristina Keneally's campaign did not respond to requests for comment.
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If you've ever been concerned about your period health, it may have caused you some stress. I know it has me. During this time of my competition prep, it has put more stress on my mind and body but I have found 2 staple things to keep in my diet/supplements that help regulate it naturally.
Do note, I am not using and never have used conventional birth control. These are natural remedies and if you are currently on BC, you many not have the same results.
This amino acid is found in brain cells of humans. It's a fat-soluble phospholipid, especially helpful in cellular functions. It's very difficult to find in our foods. It's best known to help cognitive functionality and lower cortisol.
Dosage: minimum 100mg per day, effective at 300mg/day.
Derived from compound indole-3-carbinol, DIM restores healthy hormone balance by adjusting the balance of bad estrogens to good estrogens, and by blocking aromatase, which converts testosterone to estrogen. Meaning: it can help with the big issues from hormone imbalance like acne, PMS, and cancer decelopment.
It is found naturally in cruciferous veggies, highest in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kale and bok choy. But, only getting it from veggies can be hard on your thyroid, as they release goitrogens. That's where adding in the supplement can help.
I started using both of these during my first prep in 2016, but the dosage was not as high as I use now. Probably due to increased stress. I am also more aware of my body and its needs.


The forthcoming documentary short film Khadra is currently in pre-production with production to commence in Lebanon later this fall. Directed by Alice Rowsome and produced by Lauren Santucci, Khadra focuses on grassroots work in the conflict-torn city of Tripoli, impacted by violence and failures in waste disposal. When on a reporting assignment, Rowsome connected with a woman named Rabab, and her son Khoder who wanted to launch a recycling initiative at his university. Rabab gathered some of her friends to launch their own initiative to help clean up their communities and heal sectarian divides.


text:
Q: How to convert CharSequence to Date? I have CharSequence inside it I have Date Like
CharSequence startDate="1998/10/05";
I need date format like DD/MM/YYYY

A: Use LocalDate class to parse and generate text in various formats.
DateTimeFormatter in = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern( "uuuu/MM/dd" ) ;
LocalDate ld = LocalDate.parse( "1998/10/05" , in ) ;

DateTimeFormatter out = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern( "dd/MM/uuuu" ) ;
String output = ld.format( out ) ;

Tip: Educate the publisher of your data about the ISO 8601 standard for exchanging date-time values textually.

A: public class Test1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        CharSequence date = "1996/12/25";
        CharSequence formattedDate = date.subSequence(8, 10) + "/" + date.subSequence(5, 7) + "/"
            + date.subSequence(0, 4);

        System.out.println(date);
        System.out.println(formattedDate);

    }
}

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