text:
A consulok voltak az ókori Róma legfőbb magistratusai (tisztviselői) a köztársasági időkben.

A consuli cím feltehetően a con és sul latin szavakból jöhetett létre. Az előbbi prepozíció, jelentése: együtt, az utóbbi pedig a salio (menni) igéből ered, jelentése így kb. együttmenő. A consuli intézmény nem latin eredetű, itt ugyanis a királyi hatalmat Róma kivételével mindenütt dictatori uralom váltotta fel. Kezdetben (i. e. 305-ig) feltehetően nem a consuli elnevezést alkalmazták a főtisztviselőkre, hanem a praetorit – erre utal többek között a consuli sátor (praetorium) és a porta praetorium elnevezés a katonai táborok esetében. Erről azonban csak egy forrás, mégpedig a Cassius Dio elveszett műveit feldolgozó Ióannész Zónarasz tesz említést. Egyes esetekben judicesként utalnak a consulokra a fennmaradt források, jelezve bírói jogköreiket.

A hivatal létrejötte

A római hagyomány szerint már Servius Tullius király fel akarta számolni a monarchiát, és eltervezte a consuli hivatal megalkotását. Mindenesetre annyi valószínűnek látszik, hogy a hatalom megosztásának elve már a köztudatban volt, amikor Tarquinius Superbust i. e. 510-ben elűzték, és létrehozták az arisztokratikus köztársasági államrendet. A consulok a király minden funkcióját átvették, kivéve a szakrális jellegűeket, melyeket a rex sacrorum gyakorolt.

A consuli hivatal – és általában a legtöbb római magistratura – alapvető ismérve volt a collegialitás és az egyéves időtartam. A főhatalmon mindig két consul osztozott, kivéve ha dictatort választottak, vagy az egyikük lemondása vagy halála után nem lehetett (például vallási okokból), esetleg a fennmaradó idő szűkössége miatt nem volt érdemes pótlást választani helyette. Ezt a szabályt csak az i. e. 1. században rúgták fel, amikor Cinna majdnem egy éven keresztül egyedül viselte a hivatalt, Pompeiust pedig eleve collega nélkül nevezték ki.

Consulválasztás

A consulválasztás a comitia centuriata feladata volt a még hivatalban levő consulok egyike, esetleg dictator, illetve az előbbiek távolléte esetében interrex elnöklete alatt. Ezeket az év elején hivatalba lépő magistratusokat consules ordinarii névvel illették, míg az év közben, az eredetileg megválasztott consulok lemondása vagy halála esetén kinevezettek a consules suffecti címet viselték. Ez utóbbiak azonos privilégiumokat élveztek az eredetileg választott consulokkal. Amikor az i. e. 5 század-4. században többször felfüggesztették a címet, helyettük katonai tribunusok (tribuni militares) gyakorolták a főhatalmat.

A választások során általánosságban az volt a szabály, hogy az elnöklő magistratust nem lehet megválasztani, bár erre adódott példa a történelem folyamán. Az, hogy a consul mikor lépett hivatalba, változó volt (a 12-ből 8 hónapról tudjuk, hogy consult iktattak be alatta), köszönhetően az esetleges haláleseteknek illetve a katonai, politikai, vallási helyzet alakulásának. Így tudomásunk szerint a legelső consulok szeptember idusán kerültek beiktatásra, majd i. e. 493-ban ez a hónap elejére (calendae) került át. i. e. 479-ben, miután az egyikük elhunyt, a másik pedig két hónappal a hivatali idő lejárta előtt lemondott, egy hónappal előrébbhozták az eseményt sextilis (később augusztus) havába. i. e. 451-ben a consulok május idusán adták át a hatalmat a decemvireknek. i. e. 443-ban december idusa volt az első hivatali nap (dies solennis). i. e. 401-ben ez október idusára módosult, 10 évvel később pedig Quintilis (július) első napja lett a hivatalba lépés ideje. Ezután sokáig nem tudunk változásokról, egészen a második pun háború idejéig, amikor is i. e. 217-ben március idusa lett a consuli év első napja. Végül i. e. 154-ben a hivatalba lépés dátumát január 1-jére rögzítették törvényileg, a választásokat azonban már fél évvel előtte, júliusban megtartották.

i. e. 366-ig kizárólag patriciusok lehettek consulok. Amikor először felmerült a plebejus consulok beiktatásának ötlete a Kr. e. 5. század közepén (a javaslattevő a patríciusok és plebejusok házasságát engedélyeztető Caius Canuleius volt), a patríciusok a már említett módon reagáltak: az alkotmányos rend megváltoztatása helyett consuli hatalmú katonai tribunusokat választottak. Mintegy ötven évben birtokolták katonai tribunusok a főhatalmat, bár a fennmaradó időközökben előfordult, hogy consulokat választottak. Azonban ez a helyzet nem volt sokáig tartható, végül Caius Licinius i. e. 367-ben elfogadott törvényjavaslata alapján Lucius Sextius lett az első plebejus főmagistratus. Ezután a patríciusnemzetségek igyekeztek kiszorítani a plebs képviselőit a hatalomból, de ez csak i. e. 342-ig sikerült, amikor is Capua környékén lázadás robbant ki. A törvény érvényben maradt: mindkét consul nem lehetett patrícius. Ettől függetlenül még i. e. 297-ben is hallunk erre irányuló tartó tervekről. Ahogy a politikai hatalom a nobilitas kezébe csúszott át a korábbi vérségi arisztokrácia helyett, még az is megtörténhetett, hogy mindkét consul plebejus felmenőkkel rendelkezzen. Ezt az esetet i. e. 215-ben még megakadályozta az auguri testület, így először i. e. 172-ben volt rá példa.

Beiktatás, attribútumok

A consulok beiktatása rendkívül ünnepélyes körülmények között zajlott. Az első napon napfelkelte előtt mindkét főtisztviselő tárgyalt az augurokkal. Ennek feltehetően csak rituális jelentősége volt, hiszen a madárjósi testület egyszer sem akadályozta meg a consulok hivatalba lépését. Valószínűleg az istenek jóindulatának elnyerése volt a ceremónia célja. Ezután hazamentek, és felöltötték a toga praetextát, a hatalom jelképét, és fogadták ismerőseik és a senatorok köszöntését. Ezután az érdeklődők menetének élén, a szintén hatalmat jelző sella curulis társaságában felmentek a Capitoliumra, ahol Juppiter Capitolinus templomában fehér bikákat áldoztak.

Az áldozat bemutatása után a consulok összehívták a senatust, majd az idősebbik bemutatkozó beszédében vázolta a köztársaság helyzetét, kezdve a vallási természetű ügyeken, majd a provinciák elosztását és az adminisztrációra vonatkozó elképzeléseket vázolták. Ezután a senatus feloszlott, és a senatorok hazakísérték a consulokat. Ezzel megtörtént a beiktatás.

Ahhoz, hogy a provinciáikba vonulhassanak, a consuloknak áldozatot kellett bemutatni a Mons Albanuson. Első felszólalásuk alkalmával a feriae Latinae ünnepségeinek időpontját is meg kellett szabniuk, ugyanis ezek megtartása előtt nem vonulhattak hadba.

A consuli év után a consulviselt politikusok (consularisok) továbbra is nagy tekintélynek örvendtek.

A consuli hatalom

A consuli hatalom korlátai

A consulok visszaélésének legfőbb gátja az azonos jogú társ volt. Csak egyetértés esetén hozhattak határozatot, egyikük döntését a másiknál meg lehetett fellebbezni, illetve módjukban állt kollégájuk döntéseit megvétózni. Ez persze fennakadásokat is okozhatott volna az ügyvitelben, így már korán meghatározták, hogy a tényleges hatalmat csak havi váltásban gyakorolják. Így az ügyeket éppen irányító consul rendelkezett csak előtte haladó lictorokkal. Társa eleinte nem kapott törvényszolgákat, később neki is tizenkét lictora volt, csak éppen mögötte jártak fasces nélkül.

A consulok tevékenységét korlátozta az is, hogy visszaéléseikért hivatali évük lejárta után felelősségre vonhatták őket. Számos ilyen esetről van tudomásunk, sőt olyanokról is, amikor még a hivatali idejük alatt ítéltek el consult. A népgyűlések is szembeszállhattak a főmagistratusokkal, nem beszélve a senatusról. Mindazonáltal válsághelyzetben előfordult, hogy a testület erről a jogáról lemondott, és a consulok számára dictatori hatalmat biztosított. Erre a dictatura, mint olyan eltűnése után került sor elsősorban.

Békében

Mintegy 500 éven át a consuloké volt a kormányzás minden területén a főhatalom, bár a birodalom terjeszkedésével és a társadalmi változásokkal párhuzamosan egyes funkciókat újabb tisztviselőkre ruháztak. Az első a census (népszámlálás és vagyonösszeírás) megtartása volt, ami i. e. 443-tól fogva a censorok feladata lett. i. e. 366-tól kezdve a bírói jogköröket a praetorok gyakorolták, noha senatusi határozatra a consulok is ítélkezhettek nagy jelentőségű esetekben. Mindettől függetlenül mindvégig a consulokat tekintették a királyi hatalom örököseinek.

A consuli főhatalom alapvetően két részterületből tevődött össze. Egyfelől ők voltak a polgári irányítás és az államigazgatás vezetői, másrészt a hadsereg főparancsnokai. A néptribunusok kivételével minden magistratus az alárendeltjük volt. Ők hívták össze a senatust, elnököltek ülésein és gondoskodtak határozatainak végrehajtásáról. Mindemellett esetenként saját felelősségre is hozhattak döntéseket, ha a helyzet úgy kívánta. A külügyeket is ők irányították: minden jelentés, minden követség először a consulokhoz jutott, mielőtt a senatus színe elé került volna. A népgyűléseket is többnyire a consulok hívták össze és vezették, így annak a határozataiért is ők feleltek.

Háborúban

Hadvezérként már a toborzástól kezdve ők irányították a hadügyeket, megszabták, hogy a szövetségesektől milyen segédcsapatokra van szükség, és a tiszteket is ők nevezték ki (noha ebbe később a népgyűlésnek is lehetett beleszólása). A katonák a consulokra esküdtek fel. A békeidőkkel ellentétben háborúban a senatusnak nem volt beleszólása a pénzügyekbe, így az anyagiak elvileg korlátlanul – kivételt csak a vésztartalék, az aerarium sanctius (szent kincstár) képezett, amelynek pénzét csak senatusi határozattal lehetett felhasználni – a consulok rendelkezésére álltak (felhasználásukat a quaestorok ekkor is szigorúan felügyelték). Eleinte ők gondoskodtak a zsákmányról is: akár az egészet is feloszthatták a katonák között, azonban később általánossá vált, hogy értékesítették a szerzeményt, és a befolyt pénzösszeget az államkincstárba (aerarium) helyezték.

A hadvezetés általában az egyik consul feladata volt, míg társa a polgári adminisztrációt vezette. Természetesen amennyiben több hadszíntéren folyt a háború, ő is hadakozhatott. Sőt, nagyobb fenyegetés esetén két consul is vezethetett egy sereget. Ebben az esetben egyenrangúak voltak, és fele-fele arányban oszlott meg köztük a római haderő.

A provinciákban

A Római Birodalom terjeszkedése során mind több adófizető tartományra, provinciára tett szert. Ezek irányítása megmaradt a magistratusok kezében mindaddig, amíg számuk meg nem haladta a tisztviselőkét. A consulok sorsolással, előzetes megegyezés vagy senatusi határozat alapján igazgatták saját tartományukat. Ez maga után vonta a provinciák felosztását consuli és praetori tartományokra, mely kategóriák azonban nem voltak állandóak: a consulok döntötték el, mely tartományokat akarják vezetni. Caius Gracchus hozott egy olyan törvényt, amely már a választások idejére a senatus feladatául szabta a provinciae consulares kijelölését, hogy a későbbi ellenségeskedést megakadályozza.

Eleinte a consulok hivatali évükben mentek tartományukba, a későbbi időkben azonban rendszeressé vált, hogy idejüket Rómában töltötték, majd a következő évben proconsuli felhatalmazással megkapták a provinciát. Ez egészen i. e. 53-ig így volt, amikor határozat született arról, hogy csak magistraturájuk lejárta után öt évvel vehették át tartományaikat a tisztviselők.

Amikor tartományukban tartózkodtak, a consulok imperiuma annak területére szűkült. Amennyiben másutt is élni kívántak vele, az törvénybe ütköző volt. Nem is hagyhatták el kijelölt állomáshelyüket a megoldásra váró probléma megszűnéséig, csak senatusi engedéllyel – igaz, ezt a szabályozást a köztársaság üdvéért többször felrúgták.

A consuli cím vége

Az i. e. 1. században az addig főhatalommal bíró consulok hivatala eljelentéktelenedett. Először Julius Caesar mért csapást a magistraturára. A dictator barátait választatta meg, sőt sokszor csak hónapokra, esetenként órákra ruházott fel valakit a névlegessé degradálódott címmel, emellett ő maga is – először öt, később tíz évre, végül örökre tartó – consuli felhatalmazást kapott dictaturája mellett. Augustus idején már alig volt hatalmuk, és a császárkorban általánosan jellemző volt, hogy a consulok nem töltik ki az egyéves hivatali időt, hanem hónapok múltán lemondanak. Commodus idején például az egyik évben 25 consul volt hivatalban. Ennek az volt az oka, hogy a hadvezetéshez és a provinciák igazgatásához nagyszámú consulviselt tisztviselőre volt szükség, amely számot így lehetett a legjobban tartani. Egyúttal természetesen a császár megbecsülését is kifejezhette hívei irányában.

Tiberius uralkodásától fogva a senatus választotta a consulokat, de csupán a császár ajánlására. Ezután a döntést kihirdették egy névleges népgyűlésen. A köztársasági időkben a consulok nevével fémjelezték az éveket, a császárkorban ez a megtiszteltetés az év elején hivatalba lépő párosé lett.

I. Constantinus visszatért ahhoz a hagyományhoz, hogy csak két consult válasszanak, egyet ettől fogva Róma, egyet pedig Konstantinápoly számára. Ezek főbírókként tevékenykedtek, és csak a császárnak voltak alárendeltjei. Mellettük általános volt a honoráris consuli címmel kitüntetni az arra érdemeseket, ez azonban nem járt hivatallal, pusztán az uralkodó megbecsülését hangsúlyozta, és magasabb társadalmi pozíciót jelentett. Épp ezért a birodalom nemessége hőn vágyott a consuli rang elérésére, mivel – kiüresedettsége és abból adódó költségessége ellenére, hogy viselőjének játékokat kellett rendeznie – ez volt a lehető legelőkelőbb cím.

A consulok szerepe a császárkorban gyakorlatilag az alábbiakban foglalható össze: elnököltek a senatusban, természetesen császári felügyelet alatt; vezették a bíráskodást; gyakorolták a korábban censorokat megillető pénzügyi felügyeletet; végül pedig vezényelték a nyilvános játékokat a Circus Maximusban, illetve a császári ünnepélyeket.

A 4. század végétől kezdődően többször előfordult, hogy a consuli címet maguk a császárok, vagy a császári család tagjai töltötték be. Végül ez vezetett a cím pusztulásához is: Róma élére 536-ban nevezték ki az utolsó consult Decimus Theodorus Paulinus személyében, míg Konstantinápolyban erre három év múlva került sor: 541-ben Flavius Basilius Junior volt a főbíró, ezután a Bizánci Birodalom császárai maguk viselték a tisztséget.

Kapcsolódó szócikkek
 Római consulok listája (i. e. 509 – i. sz. 887)

Források
 Ferenczy István – Maróti Egon – Hahn István: Az ókori Róma története ()

Római kormányzat


text:
St. Francis High repeats as CCS Division II…
St. Francis High repeats as CCS Division II volleyball champions
By Alec Pavlovic | Mercury News
For the second straight year, St. Francis beat rival Presentation when it mattered most.
The Lancers came from behind for a 14-25, 25-20, 18-25, 25-20, 15-12 victory in the Central Coast Section Division II volleyball championship game. St. Francis defeated Presentation in last year's title game, as well, but had lost all four previous meetings this season.
"We have a way of picking ourselves up at the right time," St. Francis sophomore Alexandra Espinosa said. "We always wanted to beat them, and we made this one count."
St. Francis got 14 kills from Stephanie Kellogg and 42 assists from Taylor Formico. Emily Sklar led Presentation with 19 kills. The Lancers and Panthers are likely to meet again later this month in the Northern California regional championship game.
"In practice we train for Presentation," Formico said, smiling. "It went our way tonight, but we expect to see them again."
Earlier, Palo Alto (Division I), Sacred Heart Cathedral (Division III), Soquel (Division IV) and Castilleja (Division V) won CCS championships.
Palo Alto had little trouble with Menlo-Atherton, winning a second straight Division I title 25-19, 25-19, 25-14.
Melanie Wade had 21 kills, Kimmy Whitson had 32 assists and Maddie Kuppe had 16 digs. Head coach Dave Winn said he believes his team has done enough to be the No. 1 seed in regionals.
"I'll be extremely disappointed if we're not," Winn said.
All 10 teams that played Saturday advanced to the regionals.
Sacred Heart Prep swept Los Altos in the Division II championships at Independence, while Bellarmine and Leland took Division I titles.
A year after losing the CCS title to St. Francis in overtime, the Bells turned in a crisp 10-6 victory to clinch their 23rd CCS championship. Goalie Dave Petroni had 12 saves and Mitch Hamilton had a game-high four goals.
"Before the game we told each other that losing to St. Francis again wasn't an option," Hamilton said. "We've lost some games this year because we played as individuals, but this was a great team effort."
Leland's girls had been knocked out of the playoffs by St. Francis the last three years, but cruised to a 12-7 victory.
Samantha Murphy scored five goals and Allison Griffeth had four. Goalie Ashley Arras had 11 saves as the Chargers won their first CCS title.
Sacred Heart Prep's fans had plenty to cheer about after the girls beat Los Altos 11-4 and the boys beat the Eagles 7-4.
Kelly Moran had 13 saves and Pippa Temple had five goals to lead the girls to a record fifth straight championship. Will Runkel made six first-quarter saves as the boys jumped out to a 3-0 lead, and after Los Altos came back to tie, Michael Holloway, Brett Hinrichs and Harrison Enright put the game away with second-half goals.
Runkel finished with 16 saves.
"He was on fire today," Gators coach Brian Kreutzkamp said. "When he gets in a zone like that, it allows us to do all sorts of things."
Sophomore midfielder Bridget Denzel scored the go-ahead goal in the 44th minute, lifting St. Francis to the CCS title with a 2-1 victory over Gilroy at Del Mar High.
No. 2-seeded Gilroy (8-4-5) took a 1-0 lead in the opening minute when Monica Marrazzo scored in traffic, but Katie Garrity netted the equalizer just before the half. Denzel then knocked in a turnaround backhand shot from 12 yards out in the second half to help the No. 4 Lancers clinch their first section championship since 2007.
"We had to beat the No. 5 seed, Saratoga, and then we toppled the No. 1 seed (previously unbeaten Archbishop Mitty)," St. Francis coach Kathy Lincoln said. "We slayed a few demons to get here."
Top-seeded Monta Vista edged No. 3 Saratoga 4-3 to win the CIF NorCal championship. The Matadors (28-0) also beat Saratoga in the CCS championship earlier this week.
Correspondent Ray Hacke contributed to this report.
Alec Pavlovic
NHL: Sharks' Marcus Sorensen scratched for game vs. Canucks
Mexican authorities closed a border entry point in southern Mexico on Saturday after thousands of Central American migrants tried to push their way across a bridge spanning the Suchiate River between Mexico and Guatemala.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Malta Suspends Gaming License Linked to Italian Mafia Arrests
6th February 2018 // Industry, Legal News, Misc, News
The Malta Gaming Authority has announced the suspension of a gaming license issued to Phoenix International Limited, the parent company of several online sites linked to last Friday's arrest in nearby Italy of 23 alleged members of the Italian Mafia's powerful Partinico crime family.
Among those arrested in the sweeping enforcement operation dubbed "Game Over" was alleged mob boss Benedetto Bacchi. Bacchi, known as Italy's "Betting King" has been reported to be in control of a chain of 700 betting shops spread across Italy, though centered in the Palermo region of Sicily. Those shops then transmitted information to Phoenix International's online sites in a complex corporate scheme that involved undeclared and skimmed revenue, which was then used to fund other 'Ndrangheta activities.
Arrested Italian "betting king" Benedetto Bacchi
Bacchi and many of the others arrested were quickly charged with a range of crimes. Those charges included money laundering, mafia association, fraud and what a Malta Today report described as "numerous other offenses."
At least 40 of the physical shops associated with Bacchi's network were shuttered as a result of the raids, which involved roughly 200 Italian police. Among the online sites quickly shuttered were B2875.com, Bsport24.com and B28sport.com; B2875.com lists Bacchi as an owner, according to the Malta Today report.
The latest raids and arrests continue the intriguing tug-of-war going on between Italy's powerful and entrenched criminal elements and the legal authorities in both Italy and Malta. Malta's own desires to establish itself as one of the world's preeminent online gambling hubs have been hampered to at least some extent by the powerful underworld elements that have long been entrenched on the island, which sits just south of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea.
On several occasions in recent years, both Malta and Italy have cracked down on gambling operations linked to prominent Italian crime organizations. One of those instances occurred in 2015, when Partinico-associated sites including BetuniQ and BetSolution4U found their Maltese licenses yanked following another series of Italian raids.
The efforts of several Italian crime families to continue trying to establish operations amid Malta's growing online sphere has been an ongoing occurrence as well. Just a month ago, the Times of Malta reported on the "advanced" plans of several Sicily-based crime families to shift the focal point of their illicit gambling operations to Malta, in an effort to evade increasing scrutiny from Italy's feds.
A decade ago that was easy enough to do: Back then, Malta's gaming licenses came with little or no regulatory supervision, effectively making it a hotbed of underground activity. More recently, though, Malta has both embraced and been forced to take the high road and weed out those illicit operations, many of which had roots in Italy.
That some of these same criminal groups had already infiltrated Malta's old Lotteries & Gaming Authority wasn't much of a secret, nor was it realistic that Malta would be able to clean up its own operations overnight. Nonetheless, Maltese officials recognized several years back how important proper-regulated online gaming would be for the island's economy. That cleaning up will always be something of an ongoing process — if due to nothing else than the close proximity of the powerful Italian crime operations — but there's little doubt Malta has taken major steps forward as well.
It'd be silly to think that we won't see more of these Phoenix International or BetuniQ crackdowns in the future, with those crackdowns involving Malta-licensed sites. Crime syndicates around the globe have increasing become expert in complex money-laundering schemes and the creation of nearly impenetrable shell-ownership structures. Those same crime organizations are too wealthy and entrenched to simply stop what they've been doing; they'll just look for other ways and means to keep on doing what they've been successful with in the past. This whack-a-mole game may well be neverending.


but until the release of the new profiles function you have got not solved the problem, that for some profile patterns it's not possible to add a vignette. It's also still the same in the new major version.
The bug is shown when the amount of the vignette is 0. Select another profile, like Modern 03. Try to change the amount value for vignette.
When do you want to fix the bug?
Updates to the Lightroom CC Ecosystem and Lightroom Classic CC were released earlier today. Please update your software and let us know if you are still experiencing this issue.


text:
Select your Top Menu from wp menus
1 hour ago London's Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ): What you need to know
2 hours ago Volkswagen Multivan 2023 long-term test
2 hours ago Profit from Samsung's memory chip business falls by a stunning 90%
Home Technology Box hits $1B revenue run rate amid record operating profitability
Box hits $1B revenue run rate amid record operating profitability
By Michael Smith
Comments Off on Box hits $1B revenue run rate amid record operating profitability
File-sharing company Box Inc. reported its first $1 billion revenue run rate in its fiscal third-quarter earnings today amid record operating profitability.
For its third quarter that ended Oct. 31, Box reported a profit before costs such as stock compensation of 31 cents per share, up from 22 cents per share in the same quarter of fiscal 2022. Revenue rose 12% year-over-year, to $250 million. The figures were roughly in line with analysts' expectations of 30 cents and $251.67 million.
As of the end of October, remaining performance obligations sat at $1.056 billion, up 11% year-over-year, while billings in the quarter totaled $258.2 million, up 12%. Gross profit was $185.5 million or 74.2% and, on an adjusted basis, $191.2 million or 76.5% of revenue. Net cash provided by activities in the quarter was $69.7 million, up from $31.2 million this time last year and free cash flow in the quarter was $55 million.
Highlights in the quarter included new and expanded business with organizations such as Eurostar International Ltd., Garmin Ltd., McLarens Inc., Mariner Wealth Advisors, Regions Financial Corp., Warner Music Group Corp. and Wasserman Media Group. Product releases on Oct. 6 included a new version of Box Notes, the beta availability of Box Canvas and a new release of Content Insights.
"We delivered strong third-quarter results with revenue growth of 12% year-over-year and record operating margins," Aaron Levie, co-founder and chief executive officer of Box, said in a statement. "As companies prioritize strategic IT initiatives that allow them to efficiently lower IT expenses, the Box Content Cloud enables enterprises to streamline their businesses, drive up productivity, reduce risk, and lower costs."
For its outlook, Box expects adjusted earnings per share of 34 to 35 cents on revenue of $255 million to $257 million in its fourth quarter. Analysts had expected earnings per share of 30 cents and revenue of $259.3 million. For the full fiscal 2023 year, Box expected adjusted earnings per share of $1.16 to $1.17 on revenue of $990 million to $992 million.
Box also noted in its earnings report that its board had authorized an expansion of its stock repurchase program by $150 million.
Although there was a small miss on revenue, both in the third quarter and in the fourth-quarter outlook, that was balanced by better-than-expected earnings per share for both. The lack of surprises was reflected in quiet after-hours trading, with Box shares down less than a point after rising briefly by a similar amount.
Photo: Box
Previous article Paul Walker's Daughter and Fast & Furious Co-Stars Pay Tribute on The 9th Anniversary of His Death
Next article Collin Gosselin Plans to Become a Marine, 'Interested in Acting'
More By Michael Smith
London's Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ): What you need to know
The London Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) means some older cars need to pay a fee to enter…
Volkswagen Multivan 2023 long-term test
I left it to Max Edleston, our photographer, to find out just how flexible. As soon as the…
Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. saw its quarterly profit collapse after suffering a steep dro…
Load More By Michael Smith
TikTok CEO will speak with Congress in March about US's national security concerns
As security fears over ByteDance Ltd.'s popular app TikTok swirl around the corridors of U…
NXP Semiconductor delivers mixed results as mobile and IoT chip demand falters
Shares of NXP Semiconductor N.V. fell in extended trading today after the chipmaker delive…
Load More In Technology
Blood Pressure, Age, and Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Travis Kade
The Panel: Which boxer in history had the best jab and what made theirs so special?
Susan Hendricks
Nick Cannon Trolls Himself with Help from Ryan Reynolds Promoting 'The Vasectomy' Drink
Inside the industry: the automotive impact of a war in Taiwan
© 2022 - Intelligent Advices- All Rights Reserved.


text:
At JCPenney, Everybody Gets A POS iPod In March
Feb 28, 2013 9:08am
All JCPenney (NYSE:JCP) associates will be able to do in-aisle checkout "within one month," the troubled chain's CEO said during an earnings call on Wednesday (Feb. 27). The move comes as 25 percent of sales transactions in the stores are already being done on mobile POS.
The 1,100-store chain is also a few months away from going live with a new financial system from Oracle (NASDAQ:ORCL, to be followed before the end of the year by merchandising, planning and allocation systems, all of which will replace legacy systems. That's presuming the board's patience with CEO Ron Johnson holds out—unlike most big chains, JCPenney's E-Commerce site isn't doing any better than in-store, and the chain lost $552 million during the last three months.
By the end of March, "every employee on the floor of a JCPenney store will carry an iPod and be able to check out customers any time and anywhere in the store," Johnson said on the call. "Last week, 25 percent of all transactions were conducted on a mobile device. And this quarter, we will start to feed product information, training and all of our employee support systems directly to employees through our in-store Wi-Fi networks on these iPods."
The mobile POS expansion will also eventually feed into an effort to tie payment-card sales to a loyalty program. Johnson said payment-card transactions are currently about 40 percent of sales revenue, "substantially below that of Kohl's (NYSE:KSS) and Macy's (NYSE:M) and other retailers." He didn't offer details on the effort, but in-aisle POS only works with payment cards, so those iPods aren't going to be as useful without more plastic in the mix.
A much bigger problem is the Web site, where online sales are dropping even faster than store sales—"slightly behind our store sales," as Johnson delicately put it. Part of the problem, Johnson said, is the chain's ill-fated efforts to kill special sales. Seems that the no-special-sales scheme hurt E-Commerce even more than it hit in-store sales, as online shoppers are even more used to—and demanding of—lower prices. Price comparisons are easy in today's stores, but they're far easier online.
He also blamed the online problems on the fact that home furnishings dominate the chain's site, and the chain has yet to roll out some of the big-name home furnishings brands it has signed. "We expect, when we launch products from Martha Stewart and Jonathan Adler and Sir Terence Conran and expand our furniture, that our percent share in Home and online will start to exceed our store sales," Johnson said.
For most big chains, double-digit online growth is compensating at least a little for flat in-store sales. But managing to make online outpace in-store in the wrong direction? That's truly impressive—also in the wrong direction.
Costco changes menu; Alibaba, Guess open store—roundup
Costco changes up its menu items, and Alibaba and Guess partner for a physical store.
by Jacqueline Renfrow Jul 9, 2018 12:00pm
New CCO prepares Walmart for the future
Janey Whiteside, Walmart's new chief customer officer, is well acquainted with the importance of customer service in modern retail.
Whole Foods joins Prime Day; Tariffs hike consumer prices—roundup
Whole Foods will offer deals on Amazon's Prime Day, and tariffs against China are causing pricing hikes.
by Jacqueline Renfrow Jul 6, 2018 11:40am


We make the best productivity softwares to help you improve performance on working.
The best zip softwares on Windows 10 Store. Not only work on Zip file but also uncompress another files like Rar,7z,Gz,Bz,Tar, Jar. It's very simple to use.
App for create mind map FASTEST, EASIEST AND TOTALLY FREE. Creating mind map quickly and easy by "Typing" and "Tab" key. You can storage mind maps on Cloud or export to PNG Image.
MindMap Touch - The easiest way to create a mind map on touch devices. You can export your mind map to PNG/BMP/GIF/JPEG file, sync your data between your device and server with Microsoft account and more features.
Network Speed Test Pro measures your network delay, download speed and upload speed. Network Speedtest has 4000+ server over the world.
Duplicate Cleaner Master can help you find and remove that duplicate in an accurate, safe and automatic but don't take too much time of you to gain more free space in the your device.
CPU5 is a free app that gathers information on some of the main devices of your system, including: Device, CPU, Operating system, Graphics, Network.
Recording your voice anytime, anywhere and auto sync with your OneDrive. User-friendly interface, familiar, easy to use, easy.
"If you overcome your fears, you can do anything! (^_^)"
"Happiness is a journey, not a Destination."


There were few surprises at the Chamber of Commerce Council Candidate Forum September 10, and few in the audience to see them.
The 7:30 a.m. start time was clearly part of the attendance problem. There were fewer than 50 people in the audience.
Incumbent Ed Gallo is challenged by Conseulo Martinez in District One. Appointed incumbent John Masson is challenged by Nicole Downey, Chad 'Shad' Hunziker and Rick Paul in District Two. Kevin Svetich of the Chamber served as moderator.
Opening and closing statements, along with the question "What makes you the best choice to represent your district?" were revealing. Incumbents talked about their record, challengers talked about their aspirations and change.
If looking for distinctions in District One, Gallo and Martinez seemed to live in different worlds. Gallo described his community involvement with the Jaycees and the Chamber of Commerce and various city committees. He is about "elevating" District One. Martinez focused on involvements with various community groups since her teens. She is "about empowering others" and being a leader "that inspires others." She noted that being bilingual in a district that is just about evenly split between Latinos and Anglos allowed her to be accessible and approachable to her potential constituents.
Gallo opposes the proposition, which would allow development of the Escondido Country Club golf course. He believes the people who bought homes there "in good faith" should be protected. "Promises were made and we have to keep them," he said.
Masson is "very supportive of the community" and opposes Prop. H. "I don't think there's any development rights there under our current General Plan," he said. He wants to negotiate a deal "that makes everybody happy" instead of passing Prop. H.
Gallo supports Prop. G, which would change Escondido from a general law to a charter city. He dismissed claims that it removes taxpayer protections, saying "we have plenty of watchdogs in Escondido." He said charter city status would empower the city against "overreaching" state government.
Masson supports Charter City. He said he is "tired of unfunded mandates being handed down by the state" and wants to save by not paying prevailing wages. He seemed unaware that a court case challenging payment of prevailing wages was decided against cities this month.
Downey said she opposed Prop. G, because the Council is "trying for force charter on residents" and because general law status provides more protection for taxpayers.
Hunziker said he opposed Prop. G because there was no community involvement in creating the charter document and because he does not support such broad powers for the Council. "It's just too open for me to support," he said.
Gallo showed Sam Abed's chart, which misleads voters about the state of city finances, and bragged that actions taken by the current council with his support had allowed the city to get a better credit rating.
Masson favors a reserve of 25 percent (it is now at about 18 percent and 16 percent is the level recommended by industry best practices). He also said he favors more spending on parks and libraries.
Downey said it is important to have reserves, but (the city) needs to fund community services. She reviewed how the East Valley branch library was eliminated for a relatively small amount of savings that could easily have been identified.
Hunziker said he doesn't like "cutting core services" to create a larger reserve. He asked if savings could not be made "at the top" rather than cutting services for the people.
Downey said it is important to have good services available and that she supports having them.
Hunziker "likes helping people in need" but wants to be sure they are given their dignity along with assistance. "They want help, but not support," he said.
Paul said he found the topic "a strange question." Social services are here and they provide jobs, he noted.
Gallo answered that he has worked with "every neighborhood group in the city" and feels "we are a city together" and that everyone has to work together by getting involved in the city.
Masson thinks districts are "divisive" and said , with some passion, that districts had caused the people of Escondido "to lose three votes," which he found "disgusting." He added the key solution is balance. "What's good for one is good for all," he said.
Downey said she is "not completely in favor" of districts and referred to their creation as the "breakup" of the city. She thinks more citizen involvement would help unify.
Hunziker said he has "some difficulty with districts" because he's not sure all resources are balanced, but that people seemed to like the idea of having their own representative.
Paul said Escondido's elected officials "already work together" and that he believed that will continue.
*Editor's Note: An earlier version of this article incorrectly identified Escondido's Charter City proposal as Proposition H. It is Proposition G.
« How Smart Was That Lambchop? And Do His Friends Miss Him?
Charter City is Prop "G" NOT Prop "H," as incorrectly stated in the later paragraphs. Please correct where incorrectly referenced to avoid confusion by readers with regard who supports what.
Thank you for your comment, Tommie. The article has been updated to reflect the correct Proposition.


text:
Q: Increase or decrease parent div height based on the changes in the children element https://jsfiddle.net/9b90twgf/15/

 $("#add").on("click",function(){
var top = parseInt($("#parentDiv .childDiv:last").css("top").split("px")[0])+90;

$("#parentDiv").append("
divvvvvv
");
});

 $("#remove").on("click",function(){
$("#parentDiv .childDiv:last").remove();
});
  #parentDiv
     {
      background: antiquewhite;
      }
     .childDiv
     {
     background: yellow;
      width: 700px;
      height: 50px;
      }

<button id="add">add</button><button id="remove">remove</button>

    Div one

    div two

   div three

I have one parent div, under this I will append and remove HTML elements as children, if I remove children element parent div have to shrink its height automatically and if I add it have to expand automatically, my requirement is both parent and children must have position absolute(style="position:absolute")

A:

$("#add").on("click", function() {
  addChild();
  calculateParentHeight();
});

$("#remove").on("click", function() {
  $(".parent .child:last").remove();
  calculateParentHeight();
});

function calculateParentHeight() {
  var height = 0;

  $('.parent .child').each(function() {
    height = height + $(this).height();
  });

  $('.parent').css('height', height + 20 + 'px');
}

calculateParentHeight();

function addChild() {
  var top = 0;

  $('.parent .child').each(function() {
    top = top + $(this).height();
  });

  $(".parent").append("
divvvvvv
");
}
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.parent {
  position: absolute;
  background: antiquewhite;
  width: 300px;
}

.child {
  position: absolute;
  background: yellow;
  width: calc(100% - 20px);
  height: 50px;
  margin: 10px;
}

<button id="add">add</button>
<button id="remove">remove</button>

    Div one

    div two

    div three

A: Change height of parent div on add and remove of children

 $("#add").on("click",function(){
var top = parseInt($("#parentDiv .childDiv:last").css("top").split("px")[0])+90;

$("#parentDiv").append("
divvvvvv
");
$("#parentDiv").css('height', top + 90);
});

 $("#remove").on("click",function(){
$("#parentDiv").css('height',$("#parentDiv .childDiv:last-child").css('top'));
$("#parentDiv .childDiv:last").remove();
});
  #parentDiv
     {
      background: antiquewhite;
      }
     .childDiv
     {
     background: yellow;
      width: 700px;
      height: 50px;
      }

<button id="add">add</button><button id="remove">remove</button>

    Div one

    div two

   div three

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
IoTИсточник: www.lightreading.com4 янв.
5G RAN spend to exceed LTE in 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic did not demonstrably affect investments in 5G radio access networks (RAN) despite early concerns that the crisis would slow the pace of 5G growth, according to a new analyst report from Light Reading sister company Omdia.
In fact, Omdia is now forecasting that 2021 will be the year that 5G RAN investments exceed those in LTE RAN, and it predicts that 5G will account for more than half of all RAN investments in 2021.
In the report, "2021 Trends to Watch: Mobile Infrastructure," Omdia analysts Daryl Schoolar, practice leader, service provider networks, and Chris Nicoll, senior principal analyst, service provider networks, also note that delayed 5G spectrum auctions in 2020 will take place in 2021, leading to increased 5G builds next year.
Man on a mast: Despite the global coronavirus pandemic, investment in 5G RAN wasn't impacted, according to a report by Omdia. (Source: Unsplash)
"These builds will be in addition to ongoing 5G expansion based on software upgrades of existing LTE networks," the analysts said.
Thus despite the uncertainty caused by the pandemic, mobile network operators are building for their 5G futures even if they are not sure how they will fully monetize this investment, the report said.
Core of the matter
In terms of technology trends, the 5G core is expected to quickly evolve to a "one core" solution, serving as a key integration point for mobile networks by supporting 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G services.
According to Omdia, operators that embrace a single core over multiple technology-specific cores are better positioned for network integration and migration to 5G, reducing both opex and capex over the next two to three years.
Want to know more about 5G? Check out our dedicated 5G content channel here on Light Reading.
As for vendors, those that have not announced single-core solutions are behind the curve and risk losing out on core network upgrades and implementations to single-core providers, Omdia said.
In terms of the RAN, the adoption of open and virtualized RAN is expected to accelerate.
Omdia points out that Dish Network will start deploying its new mobile network in 2021, "giving open vRAN proponents a second large-scale greenfield proof point for their solutions" after Rakuten Mobile in Japan.


With Legal Liability Protection, you and your family members get first-class protection during your legal affairs. Getting prosecuted suddenly can leave you with no back up plan, leading to monetary issues. Picking Arrest Insurance means you will be ready for anything. Our insurance package gives you the coverage you need, providing you with solutions from a criminal defense attorney retainer to compensation while you are in court. Resolve your legal case with ease and this security net. Dial (855) 440-2245 for Legal Liability Protection today! Our Legal Plan Underwriters are always ready to assist you with your questions about arrest insurance in Jackson,TN.
Discount Legal Plan Defend yourself with the Discount Legal Plan, a plan designed to offer you access to legal aid when you require it.
In order to avert the risk of litigation while you continue on your career path, defend yourself. In case of a legal case, Legal Liability Protection understands that you require high quality insurance as a safeguard. Any questions can be answered by our team of Legal Plan Underwriters who are always on hand to help you. Professional and family legal protection coverage provides you with differing levels of coverage to match your requirements.
Legal Liability Protection offers your total legal protection in addition to arrest insurance in Jackson, TN. If you are arrested and dealing with prosecution, you are able to get our Discount Legal Plan. With your legal packages, your case is instantly allocated a Criminal Defense Lawyer from our Nationwide Attorney Network who will help direct you through the intricate legal system and protect your rights. Skilled legal counsel are always accessible to assist you, regardless of where your case may be. The protection you need is accessible when you require it when you call our 24-hour hotline. Need bail bonds? Legal Liability Protection can supply you with bail bonds to get you out of jail and on your way back home. Our bail are made to help you regardless of your situation, expediting process time and getting you out. When your time of need comes, Legal Liability Protection will provide you with the services you need for your protection. If you have any questions, our legal plan underwriters are always on hand for you. Dial (855) 440-2245 for Legal Liability Protection and arrest insurance in Jackson, TN today.


text:
Giancarlo Ceccarelli (born 31 August 1956 in Frascati) is a retired Italian footballer. He played as a midfielder.
After playing in Lazio youth teams he went to play in Serie B for 4 years, during which he gained a promotion in Serie A with Avellino. After a relegation with Sambenedettese he continued his career in Serie C1 and Serie C2 and retired in 1985.

Career
1973–1976  Lazio 0 (0)
1976–1977  Brescia 1 (0)
1977–1978  Avellino 26 (2)
1978–1981  Sambenedettese 62 (3)
1981–1982  Rende 33 (2)
1982–1983  Forlì 16 (0)
1983–1984  Giulianova 27 (3)
1984–1985  Olbia 34 (0)

References

External links

1956 births
Living people
People from Frascati
Italian footballers
S.S. Lazio players
A.S. Sambenedettese players

Association football midfielders
Footballers from Lazio
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Derma-nu Anti Oxidant Facial Cleanser reverses the oxidizing free radical process for smoother, younger, happier and truly vibrant skin. Formulated with 97% natural and 72% organic ingredients. We only use the highest quality natural and organic ingredients in our formulations. Free radical damage, called oxidation, shows up in our skin as wrinkles and sagging. The cellular matrix of our cells collapses under the ongoing attack of free radicals. Antioxidants HALT AND REVERSE this intracellular and extracellular attack. This Extreme Antioxidant Face Wash combats cellular aging via the suppression and deactivation of dangerous and damaging free radicals. Loaded with potent antioxidant and superhero free radical fighters, this miracle wash will give you the boost, lift and shine that every person with skin looks for in a skin care product. If within 30 days you are not 100% happy with your purchase of Derma-nu Anti Oxidant Facial Cleanser, let us know and we will refund your entire purchase price.
Replenix Fortified Cleanser is a rich, creamy soap-free cleanser designed to gently cleanse and moisturize the skin without drying. This antioxidant-rich formula contains a blend of liposomal vitamins A, C and E, Green Tea and White Tea Polyphenols and CoQ10. It soothes, hydrates and cleanses with a gentle formula that is great for all skin types, especially sensitive and normal to dry skin types. All Replenix and Replenix CF formulations are non-comedogenic and can be incorporated into your existing skin care routine. These exceptional products offer gentle yet effective productivity, allowing them to be used by sensitive skin types. Achieve healthier, more beautiful skin by harnessing the power of Replenix.
GENTLY EXFOLIATE WHILE HYDRATING AND RENEWING SKIN Finally, there is a solution to detox and exfoliate skin without drying, our natural facial scrub. Thoughtfully crafted with time-tested ingredients that have anti-aging and antioxidant properties, while they moisturize and help to tighten and protect, including: • Organic Green & White Tea • Avocado and Olive Butters• Organic Aloe Vera Cleanse and nourish your skin with a delicate and effective exfoliating face scrub. Remove dirt while repairing skin and preventing wrinkles, blemishes and impurities. Get beautiful, healed, clean skin! FORMULATED IN SMALL BATCHES - IN HIGH DEMAND: Remember, Foxbrim crafts all it's products in small batches to ensure efficacy of the natural cleansing ingredients. Due to the high demand on Amazon we've run out of stock a number of times. Secure your bottle now to begin enjoying your Exfoliating Tea Facial Scrub today! Your purchase is backed by our amazing guarantee. Try it. Love it. Or send it back for a full refund. No questions asked. We want you to be blown away by your results. We aren't happy unless you are. Order your natural face scrub today to enjoy an effective Natural & Organic solution to cleanse, detox and renew your skin! Click on the 'Add to Cart' button on this page now!
What it is: A cleanser that polishes away makeup, embedded impurities, and dead surface cells. What it is formulated to do: This gentle daily detox gets your skin spa-fresh in one time-saving step for a refreshing feel. It sloughs-off dead skin cells to reveal fresh, radiant skin beneath-without disturbing your skin's natural moisture balance. Ideal for all skin types, green tea extract softens and revives while providing a soft scent, gentle exfoliation help clear pores, and purifies and refines skin.
Ultra Antioxidant Facial Scrub - 70% OrganicYour answer to Anti Aging Exfoliation without Micro-TearsOur Green Tea/White Tea Concentration Combines Tropical Butters and Oils,Helping Your Face and Skin Exfoliate and Cleanse While Providing Fantastic Antioxidant and Moisturizing AgentsIf You Are Looking To:- Help your skin feel fresh and clean like never before- Feel naturally and organically exfoliated through natural Antioxidants- Avoid exfoliating "Micro-Tears" brought on by other products- Truly achieve that vibrant, clean, fresh look and feel for an affordable priceThen Tree of Life Beauty's Green Tea/White Tea Exfoliating Facial Scrub is for you.With Our 100% Satisfaction Guarantee, EVEN IF THE BOTTLE IS EMPTY, you have zero risk trying our product... EVER!BUT WAIT, THERE'S MORE!LIMITED TIME BONUS OFFER: Order 3 or more of our products at the same time and recieve a MASSIVE DISCOUNT PLUS FREE SHIPPING on qualified items!- Use the Coupon Code below the images for these GREAT savings! -OUR STOCK GOES FASTClick "Add To Cart" At the top of the screen now before it's too late!
Compare prices on Green Tea Anti Aging Cleanser at ShoppinGent.com – use promo codes and coupons for best offers and deals. Start smart buying with ShoppinGent.com right now and choose your golden price on every purchase.


I'm collaborating with some fantastic colleagues (hat tips to Erin Keefe and Lily Philips - Instructional Designers) to create an AMAZING resource we'll be sharing with the community, a Quality Canvas Course Checklist (link coming soon). A quality Canvas course abides by copyright law and takes into consideration nature of the use, nature of the work used, extent of the use, and use's economic effect.
In my experience, educators want to abide by copyright law, but could often benefit from a refresher on copyright law and what constitutes a copyright infringement. What are your favorite resources to help educators deepen their understanding of copyright and digital copyright? Here are some of mine.
Looking forward to hearing from the community how you help support your faculty and staff to gain clarity on copyright!
So excited to be involved in this, and wanted to share a few of my favorite resources.
The University of Texas Libraries has a Copyright Crash Course: Welcome - Copyright Crash Course - LibGuides at University of Texas at Austin.
Columbia University has a Fair Use Checklist that comes in handy: https://copyright.columbia.edu/basics/fair-use/fair-use-checklist.html.


I'm here in the Bahamas. Finishing up Hurricane Alley, the new CD of approximately reggae songs.
Produced here at Poisonwood Studios. Available soon at CD Baby and iTunes.
Nick went to Scotland to play the Celtic Connections Festival in February. Great Fun.
Mike and Jay, Steve and Tony, Sid and Pete all got together with Nick at Avatar in NYC to do this new approximately live record. More info coming soon.
6/15/10 I have a new studio in the Film Center in NYC. Nice room. Should be making some noise here by July First. Going down to the Poisonwood (My Bahamas setup in Gregory Town) to pick up some mics and my J-45 Gibson. I'll play the bars while I'm down there and then get back here to finish the setup and start editing the Folk City Revival tapes.


text:
Das Niederländische Haus war ein Büro- und Geschäftshaus in Leipzig, es befand sich an der Südostseite des Augustusplatzes auf dem Eckgrundstück Augustusplatz 8 / Johannisgasse 2.

Das 1901 bis 1903 errichtete Gebäude war der einzige in Deutschland ausgeführte Bau von Hendrik Petrus Berlage, einem der bedeutendsten niederländischen Architekten zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts. Als sein Hauptwerk gilt das sich durch seine Sachlichkeit und Funktionsorientiertheit auszeichnende ehemalige Gebäudes der Amsterdamer Börse, das heute unter dem Namen Beurs van Berlage bekannt ist.

Berlage war der bevorzugte Architekt der niederländischen Versicherungsgesellschaften Algemeene Maatschappij van Levensverzekering en Lijfrente (Lebensversicherung) und De Nederlanden van 1845 (Feuer- und Lebensversicherung). Als die Algemeene Maatschappij van Levensverzekering en Lijfrente eine deutsche Niederlassung eröffnen wollte, entschied sie sich für Leipzig als Sitz der Niederländischen Lebensversicherungs-Gesellschaft für Deutschland. Die Planungen übernahm Berlage. Sein Entwurf lag in zeitlicher Nähe zum Bau der Beurs van Berlage (1896–1903), als deren "kleine Schwester" das Niederländische Haus angesehen wird.

Den Bau bestimmten klare Formen mit wenigen Schmuckelementen, die Fassade war in Backstein gestaltet, unterbrochen durch Granitpfeiler im Erdgeschoss sowie Stürze aus Sandstein in den Obergeschossen. Ein durch Arkaden gegliedertes, lichtdurchflutetes Treppenhaus befand sich im Innern. Die Räume im Erdgeschoss waren für den Einzelhandel bestimmt. Die Bauweise mit modernen Materialien, zusammen mit der strikten Abkehr vom Historismus war zunächst umstritten.

Direkt südlich angrenzend an das Niederländische Haus entstand 1928/1929 das Europahaus von Otto Paul Burghardt.

Nach der Machtübernahme durch die Nationalsozialisten erwarb der Unternehmer Kurt Herrmann das Gebäude und machte es zum Sitz seiner Firma Architektur- und Ingenieur-Büro und Grundstücksverwaltung Dr.-Ing. Kurt Herrmann, auch die Revisionsabteilung seines Universalverlags W. Vobach & Co. – Bernhard Meyer – Curt Hamel und die Vobach-Schnitt GmbH hatten dort ihren Sitz. Ebenfalls im Haus waren der NS-Gauverlag Sachsen und die Neue Leipziger Tageszeitung.

Das Niederländische Haus erlitt im Zweiten Weltkrieg schwere Schäden. Mitte der 1950er Jahre wurde es abgebrochen. An seiner Stelle wurde 1964 das Hotel Deutschland (später Interhotel am Ring, heute Radisson Blu Hotel) eröffnet. Es erstreckt sich bis zum Grimmaischen Steinweg, die Johannisgasse wurde damit zur Sackgasse.

Literatur
 Stefan W. Krieg: Mißachtetes Meisterwerk. Hendrik Petrus Berlages Versicherungsbau am Augustusplatz. In: Leipziger Blätter. H. 49, Herbst 2006, , S. 16–18, (Dieser Aufsatz beruht auf einem genauen Studium der historischen Bauakte).
 Gerhard Nenke: Geschäftsbauten am Augustusplatz. In: Thomas Topfstedt, Pit Lehmann (Hrsg.): Der Leipziger Augustusplatz. Funktionen und Gestaltwandel eines Großstadtplatzes. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 1994, ISBN 3-929031-28-0, S. 59–67.
 Uit Leipzig. Nederlandsche Bouwkunst in Duitschland. In: Onze Kunst. Voortzetting van de vlaamsche School. Jahrgang 2, Halbjahr 1, 1903, S. 112–114.
 Neue Architektur; eine Auswahl der beachtenswertesten Neubauten moderner Richtung, aus Deutschland und Österreich. II. Serie, Tafel 7 (archive.org).

Einzelnachweise

Abgegangenes Bauwerk in Leipzig
Erbaut in den 1900er Jahren


text:
Mingo Train Load-Out Derailment and Collapse
From WOWK-TV, July 2009:
Wharncliffe -- Tuesday afternoon investigators were still sifting through the rubble, trying to find out why a train derailed at the Black Bear Preparation Plant in the Wharncliffe community of Mingo County.
That derailment knocked out the support beams of the "Load Out" at the coal mine, causing the structure to collapse. The Wharncliffe Volunteer Fire Department was one of the first on the scene.
"It's about a 70 foot building. It's just flat on the ground, debris everywhere, metal axles from the train cars laying beside the rail and stuff," said Joshua Vance of the Wharncliffe Volunteer Fire Department.
Vance says three were trapped in the debris-two coal miners and the train's conductor. They were taken to the hospital, one with serious injuries, two others with minor injuries. He adds that five train cars came off the tracks to cause the building collapse, creating a sight many say they'll never forget.
"Ain't never happened around here before. It ain't never happened. It's bad," said J.R Cline of Wharncliffe.
The mine is owned by Alpha Natural Resources of Virginia. The Office of Miner's Health, Safety and Training is investigating the incident.
Labels: train
Location: 104 Mountainview Dr, Gilbert, WV 25621, USA
ThreadShaz Rajput said...
dssadsa
Double Bogged Dozers
Four Years Old!
Burnt Bomb Truck


You train at the highest level in the MUNICHGYM fitness club. In a pleasant atmosphere the Studio provides a wide range of the latest exercise equipment, a diverse variety of courses, personal guidance, professional trainers and a spa with Finnish sauna and steam bath - all in the heart of Schwabing close to Neuhausen. Together with our p rofessional trainers, you are on the way to achieve any fitness goal you may have. Enjoy sports and wellness in our fitness club. You want to lose weight, build muscle, work on your fitness or just relax in an inspiring atmosphere. At the MUNICHGYM you can work out in any form you desire. Let us talk about your goals, and we will prepare your own personal fitness plan.
The MUNICHGYM team looks forward to meeting you personally.
- A variety of classes!
Effective Fitness from New Zealand.
MUNICHGYM is the only gym in Munich that offers you seven professional Les Mills fitness programs. The gym provides a large variety of fitness classes and sports, whatever your heart desires. For your own personal enjoyment and for variety, Les Mills are changing classes every 3 months!
Relax after a workout in the MUNICHGYM gym: The beautifully designed wellness area awaits you with a Finnish sauna, steam bath and a relaxation room.
Experience an entirely new fitness and wellness feeling in the gym MUNICHGYM in Munich- Schwabing!
Do you know the feeling of being completely exhausted after a hard day's work?
Deserts that the endorphins produced during Exercising ensure a good, happy feeling and make us more efficient.
Do you long after that, your body regularly do something good, to feel better in everyday life?
Did you actually 'always' sign in a gym?
In our gym MUNICHGYM in Munich, you can workout at a high level in a very welcoming atmosphere to your liking. You can completely turn off by our innovative concept of the gym and wellness oasis from the stress of everyday life and let your soul. Benefit by becoming a member of our gym MUNICHGYM benefit from a huge selection modern training equipment and realize your individual fitness needs. The gym MUNICHGYM in the heart of Schwabing / Neuhausen, our experienced trainers care targeted to your well being and your personal goals. Through a professional and especially individual counseling in our gym, we make sure that your training is not only fun, but a long-term positive effect on your well-being and performance in everyday life. No matter what goals you want to achieve in our gym you find for various training goals (toning, improving fitness, weight reduction) always a professionally competent personal trainer as well as related training program. In the gym MUNICHGYM you can enjoy a brand new training and attitude towards life. Anyone who wants to have next to the sports and fun and want to relax, our integrated in the gym spa offers the perfect opportunity to do so. We offer in our modern gym MUNICHGYM to enjoy the possibility of sports and wellness in a harmonious relationship. In a steam bath, you can enjoy pure relaxation for body and mind and leave everyday life behind completely. Treat yourself and your body in our gym a sporty break the exclusive nature and enjoy eg creative sauna events. The gym MUNICHGYM in Munich there are no more excuses, because you feel much better after a few weeks of training, so that you the sports activities are going to love. And we really do everything we can so that you can feel fully in our gym. Let us advise you in a trial on the spot at the gym MUNICHGYM and enjoy with our flexible fares and the large range of courses a program that fully meets your requirements. As a Les Mills Partner, you can also realize innovative health concepts from New Zealand at the gym MUICHGYM. In our gym you can combine fitness and wellness in one place. How about a steam bath after a workout? Here you can decide where you feel the most. You have no one to care for your children during training at the gym? No problem, because while you are training your kids well looked after in our kids club of trained caregivers around. So a visit to the gym for adults and children is every time anew a pleasure.
Realize now in the gym MUNICHGYM in Munich Schwabing / Neuhausen Your rooms of well-being and enjoy comprehensive care and an inviting ambience. The entire team at the gym MUNICHGYM looking forward to your visit! If you have questions regarding the gym MUNICHGYM, so we are happy to answer them.
You're interested? Then take a look at the best equal in our course schedule and take your pick from courses that you enjoy. Whether yoga, Zumba, Pilates, BODY PUMP, BODYATTACK, or BODYBALANCE and many more - in our gym you have the choice!


text:
Cardiff-by-the-Sea sign installation begins May 17
The large, wooden "Cardiff-by-the-Sea" sign has been restored and will be installed at its original location (see below).
May 15, 2021 12:23 PM PT
On Monday, May 17, work will begin at 1 p.m. to install the large, wooden "Cardiff-by-the-Sea" sign in its original location on the corner of Birmingham Drive and MacKinnon Avenue, according to a news release. The sign, which was removed in January 2021, due to damage from a wind storm, has been restored and repaired by a local master craftsman, Roberto Mendez, and repainted by local artist Samantha Stone. After greeting residents and visitors for over 40 years, the piece was in need of refurbishment, but in January stabilizing the heavy piece to keep it from falling became essential. With financial support from local residents and businesses, Cardiff 101 Main Street Association partnered with the San Diego Visual Arts Network to begin the restoration project.
The outpouring of support for saving the sign made it clear that this is an important piece of art in the community, the news release stated. Once the restoration is complete, Cardiff 101 will create a maintenance fund for several "Cardiff-by-the-Sea" signs in the community.
Cardiff 101 Main Street Association is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Cardiff residents and businesses.
The upgraded "Cardiff-by-the-Sea" sign (at top) will be installed at its original location on the corner of Birmingham Drive and MacKinnon Avenue (above).
NewsLocal NewsArt
Homeless parking lot in Encinitas to move to new location this week
Encinitas to consider banning helium balloons
Fairgrounds finds lessee for Horsepark
San Diego Board of Supervisors chooses Nathan Fletcher to chair a second year
Molson Coors ceases production of Saint Archer and sells off Leucadia taproom
County warns of fake COVID-19 testing sites
How will California's new laws affect you?
Train service suspended for work this weekend
From the Mayor: Encinitas 2021 Top 10
Racial, homophobic slurs spray-painted at San Dieguito Academy High School
How some San Diego County educators are learning about equity


text:
Federal Court finds cracks in ACCC's egg cartel case
18 February 2016 | Australia, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney
Legal Briefings – By Matthew Bull and Emily McConnell
In a rare case brought under the cartel laws, the ACCC has failed to establish that the Australian Egg Corporation Limited and two egg producers attempted to induce 19 egg producers to make an arrangement to reduce the production of eggs in Australia.
While the Court considered that the ACCC claims had 'some force', the Court found that there was insufficient evidence of an intention to bring about an arrangement or understanding to reduce egg production. In reaching this conclusion, the Court took into account a range of factors, including the lack of persuasive evidence that options canvassed for reducing eggs were put forward as a proposal for collective action, the importance of the role and character of the Egg Corporation as an industry association and the fact that pointing fingers at particular producers during the meeting was inconsistent with an intention to induce parties to agree upon a form of mutual and reciprocal action.
While the Court ultimately found that there was insufficient evidence of an attempt, the case does highlight the issues that members of industry associations can face when meeting to discuss and share information during challenging industry conditions.
No attempt to induce a cartel arrangement
The Egg Corporation is an industry body. Its principal function is the collection, analysis and communication of information relating to the egg industry, including crisis and issue management. The Egg Corporation Board usually meets once a month. It publishes a quarterly magazine, Eggstra Eggstra, and a fortnightly email, EggCorp EggsPress.
In response to an industry-wide over-supply of eggs which had caused a sharp decline in egg prices, the Egg Corporation organised a 'summit' on 8 February 2012 for the 25 largest egg producers. At the meeting, power point presentations were delivered on the oversupply situation and various 'solutions' were identified, including disposing of eggs, donating eggs to charity and culling birds.
The ACCC brought proceedings claiming that Egg Corporation, the Managing Director of Egg Corporation and 2 egg producers (Farm Pride and Ironside) had attempted to induce 19 egg producers at the meeting to make an arrangement or understanding to limit the supply of eggs. In particular, the ACCC claimed that the meeting was a 'call to action' to limit egg production which amounted to prohibited cartel conduct.
Shortly before trial, one of the Directors of Farm Pride (Mr Lendich), agreed with the ACCC that he had engaged in the alleged attempt.
The Court accepted that the meeting involved a direct call to action (and not just information sharing). In particular, the Court agreed with a number of elements of the ACCC's case which suggested a direct call to action, including:
an atmosphere of crisis - the Court had no difficulty finding that the meeting took place in an atmosphere of crisis (as was evident in the use of the word 'summit'), which suggested that more than just information sharing would occur,
Egg Corporation's custom and practice went beyond mere information sharing - the Court accepted that Egg Corporation did from time to time encourage egg producers to reduce supply,
the calling of a special meeting was unusual - the Court accepted that the calling of a special meeting of the top 25 egg producers in the country (~68% of egg production), suggested that it was more than just the normal type of meeting for sharing information,
an independent auditor to monitor compliance - the Court accepted that an independent auditor could be used to overcome the misgivings of the egg producers about direct action arising from their distrust of each other (but could also allow Egg Corporation to know whether each producer was, by voluntary and individual action, reducing its egg numbers), and
no 'innocent' explanation for the meeting - the Court accepted that the agenda indicated that the meeting was not merely for information sharing purposes as it contemplated discussion of means to 'resolve the current crisis' and to seek a 'path forward' in a 'coordinated and consolidated fashion'.
However, while the ACCC case had 'some force', the Court found that there was insufficient evidence of an intention to induce a collective arrangement to reduce the production of eggs. In reaching this conclusion, the Court took into account a range of factors, including:
The respondent's actions at the meeting did not facilitate a consensus amongst the egg producers. The Court considered it significant that a key focus of the meeting was on producers who had increased their production rapidly in excess of the general increase in demand for eggs. This 'finger pointing' was inconsistent with an intention to induce all of the attendees to agree upon a form of mutual and reciprocal action.
The role and interests of the industry association. The respondents emphasised that Egg Corporation had 'nothing to gain' from any collective action. The Court accepted that the role and character of Egg Corporation is important and that, 'trade associations and their officers may legitimately encourage their members to examine their profitability and to make production and pricing decisions in order to maintain profitability'.
Similarly, lack of knowledge regarding competition laws will not protect an association. In the present case, the Court, '[did] not regard the circumstance that the respondents' conduct was not covert as being particularly significant',1 because the Court found the respondents were oblivious to the fact that their conduct may be regarded as unlawful.
The nature of the egg industry. The Court accepted that the industry was generally 'of a competitive kind', such that it was likely that individual producers would only take action where it was in their individual commercial interest to do so.2 The evidence showed that the Egg Corporation was making an appeal to both the industry as a whole, as well as the interests of each individual egg producer. The Court accepted the respondent's submission that all Egg Corporation wanted was for 'everybody to think harder' about their own circumstances and what they can do to solve the problem.
The ACCC's case was circumstantial, based entirely on the documents of the Egg Corporation. There was a significant volume of written materials produced by the Egg Corporation in relation to industry supply, including in the past (in Eggstra Eggstra and EggCorp EggsPress) as well as in connection to the meeting. However, while the evidence indicated the Egg Corporation sought to bring about a response to the crisis, the documents did not clearly show Egg Corporation's intention in relation to collective action.
There was no precise form of the alleged intended arrangement or understanding. At the meeting, the Egg Corporation presented a variety of options for addressing the oversupply but the Court found there was 'insufficient evidence to warrant the conclusion that these options were propounded as a form of collective action'. While the Court did not consider the lack of a 'precise form of the alleged intended arrangement or understanding' fatal to the ACCC's case, it noted that this did make it 'more difficult' to be satisfied that the respondents did seek to induce an agreement or understanding which contravened the law.
Key implications
Competition law applies broadly
The Court confirmed that industry bodies like the Egg Corporation can be subject to competition law, although that they may be not-for-profit organisations, may perform a number of activities which have a public nature and may have 'a number of close ties' to the Australian Government.
The key issue is whether the body 'carries on a business'. The Court re-affirmed that this concept is broad, finding that it would be 'inappropriate' to construe the concept narrowly. The Court considered that the Egg Corporation did carry on a business in the required sense, namely the business of promoting the Australian egg industry. The Egg Corporation engaged in activities of a commercial nature such as research and development, marketing and promotional activities directed at increasing the sales of eggs, the provision of quality assurance and accreditation, and the collection, analysis and dissemination of information concerning the production and consumption of eggs. As such, it was carrying on a business and was subject to competition law.
Trade associations must walk a fine line when sharing information
The decision confirms that parties can share information, provided that it does not give rise to an agreement between them to act in a certain way. The key test is whether there is a consensus as to what is to be done (not just a mere hope or expectation).
Importantly, the Court confirmed that trade associations can share information and can even legitimately encourage association members to examine their own profitability and make production and pricing decisions in order to maintain their own profitability. However, industry bodies should be careful not to go beyond disseminating information for each member to separately consider for itself and should not stray into the world of facilitating an industry-wide consensus about specific action.
While it is important to be clear about the role of industry associations and make statements about the purpose of any meetings at the start, this in itself will not necessarily protect participants. Given the potential concerns that can arise from meetings of competitors, trade associations should think very carefully about their conduct. In particular, it would be advisable to obtain advice before suggesting any action aimed at generating an industry-wide response.
This article was written by Matthew Bull, Partner, Brisbane and Emily McConnell, Senior Associate, Melbourne.
At [359].
If you have any questions, or would like to know how this might affect your business, phone, or email these key contacts.
Matthew Bull
Partner, Melbourne
Matthew specialises in competition and regulatory issues.
Competition, Regulation and Trade
Competition Disputes
+61 3 9288 1582 / + 61 7 3258 6552
Matthew.Bull@hsf.com
The contents of this publication, current at the date of publication set out above, are for reference purposes only. They do not constitute legal advice and should not be relied upon as such. Specific legal advice about your specific circumstances should always be sought separately before taking any action based on this publication.
Subscribe to stay up-to-date with latest thinking, blogs, events, and more


With a background in art and interiors, it's probably no surprise artwork is a hugely important feature in my home. From photos to prints I love to curate galleries, and am always on the look out for new designs to freshen up my walls.
Feeding my current obsession with typography prints you'll often find me browsing the pages of Etsy UK, which is where I first discovered the work of Teri Muncey from The Lovely Drawer. Trained in the art of graphics and illustration, Teri's work captures everything I love about modern design; clean and elegant with a hint of pretty. I'm especially in love with her inspiring brush lettering prints!
Today we're finding out more about The Lovely Drawer story with Teri, and taking a look at four of my favourite prints which I hope will be adorning the walls of my new home soon!
Hi Teri, thanks for joining us today! We'd love to hear all about The Lovely Drawer, how did it all start? I was trained in print design back in the day which taught me lots of techniques as well as giving me a taster of self governed projects. Having won a work placement with Hallmark cards during my time at uni, I decided that on graduating I wanted to pursue working in the greetings card industry. I had no intention of starting my own business so I sent promo packs to various companies and spent 6 months living out of a suitcase, travelling around the country to do more interning. I finally got a job as a designer for a greeting card publisher in London and ended up working there for just over five years. Compared to many others it was a small company which actually meant I had responsibility over quite a few different areas and saw usually saw the design process through from start to finish. I also got to see a bit of the business strategy behind the scenes.
Unfortunately, watering design work down for commercial markets started to leave me a bit jaded. I started my blog to get my creative juices flowing again and much to my surprise it ended up bringing me lots of freelance work. For a while I tried to do this alongside my full time design job and started to really struggle. Still not wanting to formally start my own business but not willing to let my extra design work go, I went down to 4 days at my job and did a day freelance. It was good to dip my toe in the water, try working from home and managing the finance. The passion I had for what I was doing grew and grew until eventually I was just getting frustrated that I couldn't spend more time on it. I've heard similar from other people in that position. Suddenly I found myself convinced I needed to leave my job and make a go of my own business, rather than be left wondering 'what if'. It was a big leap but it was made slightly easier with the experience I'd gained prior and easing in slowly.
What's your starting point creating a new design? I don't tend to get inspired sat at home on my laptop. I need to be out and about, soaking up everything that's around me, whether that an interesting wall, a window display or the park. I usually have my best ideas when I'm either walking or swimming strangely enough. I start by working through a forrest of paper, drawing, painting or printing. I like to keep that part quite spontaneous. I then set everything aside and come back to it the next day, with fresh eyes. I then decide what is worth taking forwards into a more finished design.
What makes The Lovely Drawer designs unique? I think they're always very paired back but with a hand finish so they aren't cold or stark. I guess my hand writing also sets them apart. People have always been able to recognise my work by my typography, ever since college, whether it's brush lettering or drawn lettering.
What's the average time you spend creating a design? That's a tough question as it really depends on how in depth the design is. Patterns take much longer than a placement print but it can range, up to a day or two. I did however once design 7 Christmas cards in a day once! My hand was aching by the end of that from both paintbrushes and my graphics tablet pen.
Who do you respect and admire in the design world? I love everything Julia Kostreva does. Her work is beautifully clean and simple but every piece is perfectly balanced in colour and layout.I've also loved Studio Sarah since she launched at their first trade fair. It's similarly minimal but the gold foiling and muted colours make them pop.
What is your opinion on trends? I don't think any one can say they're never inspired by trends. I definitely don't work from there as a starting point. Sometimes I am really excited about a current trend and it ends up coming out in my work but I think it's pointless being a slave to them. Leave that to the larger commercial companies as in many ways smaller independent designers should be setting those trends. I remember I nearly stopped doing anything brush lettered about a year and a half ago because I thought it was already becoming too mainstream but with all my teaching it's blown up more than I could have imagined. That's something I've been doing for about 8 years but now it's a trend. You never quite know how these things will work.
What challenges have you set yourself for the next 12 months? A constant goal is to learn how much I can take on at a time. With quite a varied job description I find it a challenge to plan that well without becoming a headless chicken. I would also love to explore ways in which my business could grow whilst still retaining what it's become. For instance wholesale is something I'd love to pursue but just haven't had the time. My challenge is to make the time for these things.


From Jonathan Kellerman, the number-one New York Times best-selling author and master of psychological suspense, and Jesse Kellerman, the international number-one best-selling author of The Genius, comes one of the most remarkable novels of the year.
A burned-out L.A. detective...a woman of mystery who is far more than she seems...a grotesque, ancient monster bent on a mission of retribution. When these three collide, a new standard of suspense is born.
The legend of the Golem of Prague has endured through the ages, a creature fashioned by a 16th-century rabbi to protect his congregation, now lying dormant in the garret of a synagogue. But the Golem is dormant no longer. And for Detective Jacob Lev the mystery of how he spent last night pales in comparison the one he's about to be called upon to solve.
I loved the fantasy and mystery in this book. In places was very gruesome but also in places very beautiful. Moving between different times to connect the characters. Very clever and the ending leaves you thinking.


Molecular Microbiology is a discipline that combines genetics, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and cytology with microbiology. These fields have undergone dramatic, in some cases almost explosive, developments during the last decade. In particular, the genetics of microorganisms has become very efficient with rapid methods of gene mutation and replacement and rapid whole genome sequencing; biochemistry has been revolutionized by methods for rapid protein purification and crystallization and high-throughput protein-protein interaction methods whereas cytology has been revolutionized by the introduction of fluorescent protein tags and a number of high-end methods to visualize the fluorescently tagged proteins within living cells. Last but not least, the genomics era has spawned a genuine revolution in microbiology, transforming it into an exact discipline. There are now more than 8,000 fully sequenced and annotated prokaryotic genomes available. Making use of this vast biological information it is now possible to classify prokaryotes numerically and thereby chose model systems of general importance.
The present course in Molecular Microbiology is held by researchers belonging to the Centre for Bacterial Stress Response and Persistence that was generated by funding from the Danish National Research Foundation, the Novo Nordisk Foundation and the European Research Foundation. It is our aim with the course to give a broad overview of rapidly developing and exciting topics in Molecular Microbiology, with an emphasis on molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial stress physiology and survival. Each lecture will give an overview of a separate topic as described below. These topics will then be discussed in depth via recent research articles presented by the students and the teachers. Finally, in the laboratory part, relevant cutting edge techniques will be used to investigate research problems that we currently study. This comprehensive course will thus provide a strong platform for those students who wish to pursue or already are pursuing a research career in Molecular Microbiology and related fields.
Understanding and describing the translation machinery in bacteria.
Know how to use fluorescent reporter fusion proteins to obtain knowledge about the cellular dynamics of particular proteins.
Be able to use standard phylogenetic analyses and web based databases to understand the biological importance of specific genes, proteins and metabolites.
Lectures, colloquia and lab exercises.
Curriculum in 1. and 2. year courses are considered known.
In order to obtain the grade 12 the student should convincingly and accurately demonstrate the knowledge, skills and competences described under "Learning Outcome".