Nah, of course I'm only messing. That whole 'camera seven' thing at the end was farcical and worthy of a laugh to start the writeup, but it was far from match-defining.
Before I don the green goggles, just from a pure rugby perspective, what a cracking match of test rugby this was. Absolutely absorbing from start to finish. Perhaps you disagree, because the scoring was quite low, and if you prefer contests like the over-a-point-a-minute one served up by the Springboks and England later the same day, then that's fine, but if it wasn't for the whole 'Ireland lost' thing I could probably watch this one over and over.
Yet harp on the boys in green I must, as it's kind of the whole point of this exercise. As you can see, I have steered clear of puns for this week's title because I want to focus on the way this Irish team approaches the game and the decisions we make.
Many say that Joe Schmidt plays 'conservatively'. Well, he certainly did nothing of the sort at Leinster, though the argument could be made when he got control of the national team. However, it's hard to think of that as completely a 'bad thing' because success was instantaneous, with Six Nations titles in his first two years.
Then, however, things started to regress a bit...we all know what happened at the RWC2015 and for a couple of years England had the ascendancy in springtime. With Joe committed to bring us at least as far as 2019, something had to be done to both improve our wider squad and also to adapt our style of play to one they all could buy into.
How has it been going? All Blacks hoodoo finally lifted, and the rest of 'The Rugby Championship' nations also defeated, not all of them at the Aviva either. Oh, and then there was a Grand Slam, that got us to number 2 in the world I seem to recall? Seems like we're doing alright.
Which beings us to Brisbane last Saturday. Confidence could not possibly be higher for the squad. Even the bookies, who could have easily gone with home advantage in their pre-match odds, thought we were going to shade it.
So what went wrong? For me it boils down to something very simple. The type of rugby that got us this far is one that demands levels of skill and accuracy that might be at phenomenal levels, yet are still ones that you should expect if you're meant to be the second best team on the planet.
Of course it's a risk to expect a virtuoso display from Joey Carbery when he knows Sexton is waiting in the wings. Or to expect your kick chasers to deal with Israel Folau under a high ball. Or to expect your forwards to protect ball carriers when the likes of David Pocock and Michael Hooper are on the pitch. Or to expect your centres to shoot out of the defensive line and avoid being hoodwinked by the footwork treachery of Kurtley Beale.
It's a hell of a lot to ask. But when you've had those levels of success, haven't you earned the right to ask that of yourself? Especially when there's more success to be sought? World Cup semifinal? Dare I say final? Dare I even say winning the final? Dare I say getting the number one ranking?
Well I do dare say it. Because Joe and the boys are saying it with the type of rugby they're looking to produce out there, and while of course we should be critical when needs be and don't worry I will be, overall I can't see how this project could receive anything less than our full support despite this result.
Literally from the kickoff we were making statements of intent, putting down strong challenges to our opposition. Carbery took the kick, and put it short down the middle creating a contest to win the ball back. But guess what, the Wallabies and Israel Folau were up for the challenge, and not only that but they marched it back our way to earn a penalty and a 3-0 lead.
OK, time to kickoff again, and of course we won't try that 'down the middle thing again, right? Wrong. Again, short and down the middle. And again, Folau took the catch.
This was pretty much the pattern of the entire match. We had a seemingly endless supply of gauntlets to throw down yet Michael Cheika's men kept picking them up and smacking us about the face with them.
If I had to find a real flaw in our approach it would be Joey Carbery's decision making. That may be harsh in that he would have had a playbook to execute, but that's kind of my point. If he is tagged to emerge from Sexton's shadow at some stage, it's in games like this where he needs to start doing it.
Other times he seems to like taking the ball to the line himself and keeping defensive lines honest by chipping the ball over the top to himself, yet neither seemed to be on his radar on this day.
That said, there some spells of play where he was doing a good job keeping us rolling forward, with some stupefying passes from himself and Conor Murray. As the Wallabies closed in there was often only one path for the ball to reach an Irish hand in support yet they kept finding it. But as it turned out, it was never to be enough to get us a five-pointer.
Over and over again we were doing everything right until the very end. On four occasions we won ourselves penalties though we only converted three. Other times we were denied by the TMO with CJ named the 'culprit' both times...as you see from my intro I don't blame him for the one at the end yet although I do think he found grass with his effort at the start of the second half, he probably should have used the supporting Rob Herring who seemed to have an easier run in.
Of course that was far from our only mistake on the day, and in most cases they were done by the person you'd least expect in that particular category...Henshaw missed tackles, Rob Kearney dropped an easy catch, Sexton missed a kick to touch, and at a crucial point towards the end, our experienced front row came off the bench and got pinged at a scrum close to our line which led to the decisive try from Pocock.
Meanwhile the Wallabies at times were at the top of their game, especially when it came to intensity levels. Pocock stood out but there was also Beale, Folau among others. Cheika had them primed to keep us under pressure with a clever mix of crossfield kicks and quick series of long passes attempting to stretch our defence.
Yet they had their fair share of mistakes too, like Adam Coleman who first strayed ahead of the kicker on a restart and later was responsible for what would have been Folau's first ever try against Ireland being called back because he tackled Henderson without the ball several phases earlier.
This seems as good a time as any to talk about the ref, Marius van der Westhuizen. It's best I do it this far into the writeup in case I give the impression our defeat was somehow his fault. Still, some of his decisions were baffling to say the least.
We could debate all the decisions (that were contentious in both directions) all day but I just want to focus on one in particular that pretty much swung the match. The Wallabies had just nudged back ahead 11-9 and in the best of their many strong exits after restarts, they launched themselves back into our 22 on the strength of an amazing catch and offload from Folau which saw Genia kick forward towards our line.
Jacob Stockdale did incredibly well, or so I thought, to take the ball and withstand the onslaught of rushing Wallabies, performing the 'release and regather' manoeuvre Leinster fans have seen James Lowe do regularly over the past season. But the ref had other ideas, penalising him because he determined a 'ruck had formed'.
I have watched it several times, and I really wanted to see it, but I couldn't. The only conclusion I kept landing on was that MvdW watched him regather the ball and thought something had to be wrong with it and called the penalty, coming up with the explanation afterwards.
As I rewatched this match it was with the Aussie commentary and they are known for arguing contentious calls down to the finest detail...we'll never know for sure but I reckon even they wouldn't have said a word if the ref let Stockdale play on.
Let's just say that while I normally can't stand seeing players mouth off to the officials, Conor Murray's frustration after a knock on a few minutes later (when we still could have gotten back into the match) was totally understandable.
But as always, we can only control what we're doing, and while we have to be disappointed with this result, the series is far, far from over.
Of all the high-risk options we went for putting the gameplan together, the biggest one was the starting selection, giving something of a rest to a host of players involved in the Pro14 final, while still feeling confident of victory.
For the second test in Melbourne, we have to assume Joe is 'going for it' with his best available 23 (we'll hardly have a better time to give Tadhg Beirne a run), and when the lads look back over this one they probably won't even need the coach to motivate them to get the accuracy levels back up where they should be.
According to Pocock, the Wallabies can also get better...if that's the case then this could be one of the best three-match test series in recent memory, even better than the Lions last summer once we can avoid any awkward draws!
One final silver lining to be found in this result...we all want our teams to win every match, but the longer winning streaks get, the more they develop into a monkey on your back. We can afford to reserve judgement of this loss until we have seen how the boys can respond in tests 2 & 3. And the same goes for the 'James Ryan unbeaten start' thing - there's certainly no harm in having that bubble burst now!


text:
North Cambridge Academy is a small secondary school with academy status, located in North Cambridge, England. Founded in 1959 the school has also been known as Manor Community College, and The Manor.

Partner schools
Associate primary schools are: Shirley Infant and Primary School, Kings Hedges Primary School, The Grove Primary School and Orchard Park Primary School.
The Sister Schools of this establishment are Swavesey Village College, Stamford Welland Academy and Nene Park Academy.

History
The school was built as Manor School around 1959 based on a design by the architects W. Doig and M.R. Francis and, at that time, was a flagship school in Cambridge City. The school was named after Manor Farm which was in the area and was owned by Cambridgeshire County Council, who bought the farm in 1909 from the Benson family of Chesterton hall. The Council split the farm into smallholdings, and the name of one of the smallholders, William Downham, is commemorated in a nearby road called Downham's Lane. The school was due to have funding for refurbishment, but this was removed by Cambridgeshire County Council in 2009. It has recently been selected as part of the Coalition Government's Priority School Building Programme.

From the 1990s to the mid 2000s the school was ran by principal Mr. Cressy and his deputy head Mrs. Forster. Unfortunately, this was a bad spell for the school as many agreed they ran the school very poorly, with rumours of corruption ending in students being unfairly expelled.

In 2007 the school appointed Ben Slade as principal. In October 2012 Slade resigned in order to take up a post in the independent schools sector. The school improved during his 5-year tenure despite 2012 results being the lowest since he was appointed exacerbated by the national grade boundary change scandal. In 2007 results were 23% 5 higher grades including English and Maths. These rose to 49% in 2010. At 5 higher grades results rose from 32% in 2007 to 60% in 2010 "a remarkable turnaround" (Ofsted, 2010). Martin Campbell was appointed as principal after Slade's resignation.

OfSTED commented that "the changes made are recognised by parents, the vast majority of whom are supportive of the school's work. A considerable number commented on the improvements, including the renewed focus on improving standards. The comment, 'the effort of staff and pupils to make a dramatic improvement is working', is typical."

The Manor was designated as a specialist performing arts college by the DCSF in 2007 and they were successfully re-designated by the DfE in 2010. They were also awarded ArtsMark Gold by the Arts Council for England and the Prince's Teaching Institute Award for English by Prince of Wales in 2009, 2010 and 2011. On 28 November 2012, students from the Manor School performed in front of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge in an event organised by the Body Gossip education programme.

The school became an academy sponsored by the Meridian Trust (known prior as Cambridge Meridian Academies Trust)  in September 2013, and was renamed North Cambridge Academy.

In 2020, Martin Campbell became executive head for schools in the Meridian Trust and Samuel Fox became the principal of North Cambridge Academy.

References

External links
 North Cambridge Academy official website

Secondary schools in Cambridgeshire
Schools in Cambridge
Educational institutions established in 1959
1959 establishments in England
Academies in Cambridgeshire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Assemblyman Jim Wood (D-Santa Rosa), introduced AB 290 this week, saying it would prevent dialysis companies from unfairly boosting their reimbursement rates by steering patients who qualify for Medicare or Medi-Cal toward private health insurance coverage instead. Wood accuses dialysis companies of indirectly subsidizing private insurance premiums for these patients via donations to the nonprofit American Kidney Fund (AKF).
The clinics get much higher reimbursement through private insurance than through Medicare and Medi-Cal, even though the care they provide to patients is the same, he said.
Approximately 139,000 patients with kidney disease sought help from dialysis clinics in the state in 2016, reports show, with the number of these patients has been rising. Kidney disease is especially prevalent among African Americans. According to the National Kidney Foundation, African Americans suffer kidney failure at three times the rate of whites, largely because of higher type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure rates among this population. Both diseases are a leading cause of kidney failure.
Almost all patients with end-stage renal disease are eligible for Medicare, Wood said.
AB 290 would still allow companies to make donations to AKF, but would prevent dialysis clinics from charging private insurance companies more than the Medicare reimbursement rate, the assemblyman said. The bill is basically the same as SB 1156, which Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed in 2018 citing concerns it could cause some patients to lose private insurance coverage. Woods said he will be working with the legislature and new administration this year to address this and any other concerns that arise.
Voters rejected another, similar effort to cap dialysis company revenue, Proposition 8, last November. The Service Employees International Union United Workers West (SEIU-UHW) backed the proposition. However, the union declined to comment on AB 290, referring questions to Wood's office.
Opponents of Proposition 8, who spent more than $115 million on their campaign, said the measure would have forced many clinics to close their doors. They also accused SEIU-UHW of trying to put pressure on dialysis companies as part of a fight to unionize clinic workers.
Wood said union politics had nothing to do with his decision to propose AB 290, and that he's motivated by a desire to prevent dialysis companies from profiting unfairly at the expense of people's health care premiums. He dismissed concerns about clinics closing, saying dialysis companies are highly profitable and should be able to withstand the impact on their bottom line, which he anticipated would be relatively small.
The AKF and dialysis company DaVita did not respond directly to a request for comment on the bill. However, a spokesperson for the Dialysis is Life Support coalition, which also opposed Proposition 8, forwarded a statement. The coalition is made up of dialysis providers, doctors and patients opposed to AB 290, spokesperson Kathy Fairbanks said. DaVita is also part of the coalition.
Dialysis is Life Support disagreed with the proposal to use Medicare as the benchmark rate for dialysis providers. The organization said the proposed bill would harm patients. The coalition is working to introduce an alternative bill, the statement said.


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text:
TZ068
Uluguru Mountains
Current view: Text account
Year of compilation: 2001
The Uluguru mountains rise abruptly out of the coastal plain at 300 m and run north–south. Except for the boggy grassland of Lukwangule plateau, they are characterized by many steep, forested peaks, with four distinct forest zones: lowland semi-evergreen forest; submontane evergreen and semi-evergreen forest, found mainly on the eastern side of the mountain; montane evergreen forest, which is found in a broad belt around the mountain; and an upper montane or lower subalpine zone which occurs above 2,100 m in Uluguru North and above 2,400 m in Uluguru South. Submontane to upper montane forest is now found almost exclusively in the smaller Uluguru North Catchment Forest Reserve (CFR) (8,356 ha), which is separated from the Uluguru South CFR (17,292 ha) by the Bunduki depression. The lower edge of the forest lies variously between 1,000 and 2,000 m elevation, with a few narrow strips down to 650 m. Forest once extended lower, but large areas have been converted to agriculture. Lowland forest at c.300 m remains only on the eastern face of the mountains in the Mkungwe (1,967 ha), Kimboza (405 ha), and Ruvu (3,093 ha) Forest Reserves (each of which is included in the IBA), and in a few other small patches. In most areas, subsistence agriculture is now carried out right up to the edge of the Forest Reserves, and a few small encroachments have been noted above Morogoro. The forests of the Uluguru mountains form the main catchment for the Ruvu river, the water-supply for Dar es Salaam.The Ulugurus are somewhat isolated and lie to the north-east of the Udzungwas (TZ066) and Uvidundas (TZ072) ranges and to the east of the Rubeho (TZ064) and Ukagurus (TZ067). This isolation is tempered by remnant forest on Nguru ya Ndege, a tiny peak (1,357 m) 20 km to the north-west and Malundwe mountain (1,200 m) within Mikumi National Park midway between the Ulugurus and the Uvidundas.
Key biodiversity
See Box and Tables 2 and 3 for key species. Falco fasciinucha may also occur. This is the only locality at which Malaconotus alius and Nectarinia loveridgei occur. With two endemic species and five endemic races—Andropadus tephrolaemus, Sheppardia sharpei, Phylloscopus umbrovirens, Apalis thoracica and Orthotomus metopias—the Uluguru mountains are extremely important. The remnant lowland forest at Kimboza CFR in the eastern foothills holds an isolated population of Campephaga quiscalina and three species associated with the East African Coast biome occur (see Table 3). Rare birds such as Ploceus bertrandi occur in damp valleys below the forest-edge, while Apus barbatus and Schoutedenapus myoptilus feed above the forest and undoubtedly nest within the Forest Reserves. The waterfalls are frequented by Onychognathus tenuirostris and the open hillsides resound to the reeling song of Cisticola woosnami. Falco biarmicus nests among the many cliff-faces and Falco peregrinus may also nest, but is seemingly much less common.
Non-bird biodiversity: The Ulugurus are rich in plant life, with 40 endemic woody plant species. The mammals Galagoides zanzibaricus (LR/nt), Rhynchocyon petersi (EN) and Cephalophus spadix (VU) occur. Three of the reptiles are strictly endemic and 10 Eastern Arc Endemics occur while six of the forest amphibians are strict endemics (11 Eastern Arc endemics). The invertebrate fauna is exceptionally rich in endemics; millipedes (86% of the taxa recorded are endemic), linyphiid spiders (86%), butterflies (27%), harvestmen (88%), montane ground-beetles (95%), pselaphids (100%) and montane forest earwigs (91%).
Pressure/threats to key biodiversity
Very little forest remains outside the Forest Reserves and the protected forests face increasing human pressure. Felling trees (legally and illegally) for timber, firewood and building poles occurs in the reserves, but at a lower rate than in the remaining ungazetted forest. Uncontrolled fires are a regular feature of some areas. Clearance of the remaining ungazetted forest for subsistence and cash-crop cultivation is a major concern, and the little forest that remains outside the reserves is being rapidly removed. In some areas (those with access to roads) commercial farming has developed to supply the markets of Dar es Salaam and Morogoro with fruit and vegetables. A major conservation initiative is under way, undertaken by a consortium of Governmental and non-governmental organizations, led by the BirdLife International Partners in Tanzania and Denmark, and funded by DANIDA.
BirdLife International (2022) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Uluguru Mountains. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 19/01/2022.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


It's no surprise that because we're all leading different lives, we require different strategies in the miles and points world.
And if you're like me and enjoy planning, this hobby can be very rewarding!
No matter how you approach your strategy, make sure whatever you're doing has purpose. Just because something is flashy and "limited", does necessarily make it right for your needs.
Let's dive into where I've been, where I am, and where I'm going in this seemingly vast and, ever so slightly, confusing miles and points realm.
The year was 2017, and love was on my mind. I was ready to take the next step in my relationship by buying a ring and asking for my lady friend's hand in marriage. But, for the life of me, I could not stomach the huge expense of an engagement ring without a little something for myself. It's not like I get to wear the ring. 😉 So I set off to find out how I could get a discount or earn something with my purchase. I had been using the Target RedCard for a few years, so I knew those plastic cards could help offset your purchase.
After doing research, I found that the Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card was right for me. My research also showed me that the myths associated with applying for new cards are absolutely myths.
I signed up for the Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card online. But when I did, something weird happened and my desktop crashed. So I drove 5 minutes to the nearest Chase branch and applied in person. In ~2 weeks, I received 2 Chase Sapphire Preferred® Cards, Chase had accidentally opened 2 accounts in my name! Rather than panicking, I called Chase and they said they'd honor the welcome bonus for spending $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months on both accounts, even though you could technically earn it once.
I bought the engagement ring and split the purchases over the 2 cards and voila, 100,000 Chase Ultimate Rewards points were in my account!
Wait, there's a business card in there! You caught me 🙂 Fortunately, most people qualify for business cards without realizing it! I'm a freelance writer, a re-seller, and a consultant, so I easily met the requirements to open the Southwest Rapid Rewards® Premier Business Credit Card, which led me right to the coveted Southwest Companion Pass.
This has been very helpful, especially since that lady friend has since become my fiance.
I'm a frugal man, but enjoy the finer things in life. These two things rarely align. However, in the miles and points world, somehow you can have the finer things in life and be frugal!
For me, it's all about understanding what my travels goals are, and how I can best align those goals with my finances. For instance, Chase will NOT approve you for their best cards if you've opened 5 or more credit card accounts (from any bank) in the past 24 months (NOT counting Chase business cards and these other business cards).
And because of some ill planning on my part, I may have used up those 5 or more credit card slots earlier than I would've liked. Hindsight is 20-20. Fortunately, I qualify for small business cards and those have been my main focus until I'm back under Chase's limit.
I recently applied for The Blue Business℠ Plus Credit Card from American Express since I hadn't had an AMEX Membership Rewards card up until this point.
A major key to miles and points is diversification. It's likely that no single program will allow you to reach all the goals you seek. So by opening cards within multiple flexible programs such as Chase Ultimate Rewards points and AMEX Membership Rewards points, you can transfer your points to other loyalty programs, giving you access to virtually every loyalty program. And if that doesn't float your boat, you can use your flexible points to purchase travel directly through the Chase Travel Portal or with AMEX Pay with Points.
The free night offsets the annual fee in subsequent years, so it's a no-brainer for me since I can easily make use of the free night.
As I mentioned, foresight and planning have a huge impact in how I approach my miles and points strategy. For example, my sister is getting married in Hawaii in a few months. My sister admitted she had picked Hawaii because it is expensive and hard to travel to from the East Coast, so less family would be tempted to travel.
Ha, the joke is on her! Because you and I know something she doesn't. Miles and points can help me get to Hawaii.
My fiance and mother will need to get there too, so let's think this through. What's the best way to get to Hawaii?
Remember that Starwood Preferred Guest Business Card I opened? Well, I can use that to fly to Hawaii from the East Coast by transferring the Marriott points I earn to an airline. I can even use my transferable Chase Ultimate Rewards points from my Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card. And lastly, I can use my Companion Pass to fly myself and my fiance to Hawaii, should the Southwest routes open in time for the wedding.
I May Use Marriott Points to Book my Flights, Because They are Transferable!
So you can see how diversifying your arsenal of miles and points can be a major help with both known and unknown future goals. I'm happy knowing I can get my mother, fiance, and myself to Hawaii for just taxes and fees!
My past, present, and future within the miles and points world will look different than yours, but I hope you can gain some insight knowing my personal strategy.
Focus on being purposeful with your goals, and make sure what you're doing is the right choice for you!
And remember, diversifying your miles and points and using transferable rewards like Chase Ultimate Rewards points never hurts. The Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card remains our favorite card for beginners in this hobby! Nearly all of us have it.
Oh, and participating in a community like this can help spark ideas and is a great place to give and receive advice, so feel free to drop in a line below.
For rates and fees of the SPG Amex Business Card, click here.


text:
On-line Information Centre
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Home » Early Years
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Relevant Web Sites
There are 376 entries for this topic. Please use the menu to the right to browse entries by type.
trend in the early years attainment gap, 2013-18
https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statem...
funding for early years education to increase social mobility
qualifications of staff in early years settings
proportion of primary schools opened since September 2017 (a) include a nursery and (b) do not include a nursery.
Pre-school Education expenditure, 2013 - 18 SEE LINKS
number of children who access 30 hours childcare in maintained nursery schools, 2018
Departmental spending on (a) advertising and (b) marketing the 30 hours of free childcare, 2017 - 18
number and proportion of children with special education needs attending maintained nursery schools, nursery classes and private, voluntary and independent providers 2015-18
Number of maintained nursery schools in England. SEE LINK
Number of households eligible for free education and childcare for two-year-old children, England
Number of households eligible for 15 hours of free childcare for two-year-old children , England
Sure Start Programme: Government Expenditure, 1997 - 2107 SEE LINK
number of entrants to early years teacher training
Government funding to support early years settings for SEND, speech and language development and effective business management
Number of children eligible for 30 hours of funded childcare in the summer term 2018.
http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-stateme...
proportion of three and four year olds eligible for 30 hours funded childcare.
Local authority allocation of quality supplement through the early years funding formula in 2017-18;
Number of childminder agencies registered with Ofsted, 2017
Supplementary funding allocated to local authorities for maintained nursery schools in (a) 2018-19 and (b) 2019-20.
Number of two-year-olds eligible for 15 hours of free early education, 2015 - 17
numbers of pupils attending maintained nursery schools over the past five years
responses to the consultation on eligibility for free school meals and early years pupil premium under Universal Credit
achievement in the EYFS by eligibility to FSM
number of children eligible for FSM
Percentage of two-year-old children benefitting from funded early education - SEE LINK
Early years pupil premium funding for all local authorities in England, 2015 -6 , 2016 - 17 - SEE LINK
Number of three and four-year olds who benefited from the early years pupil premium in 2016-17 and 2015-16 - SEE LINK
Children's Centres closed , May 2015 - 17
funding for nursery staff
additional funding for 30 hours free childcare
number of Sure Start centres, and number closing, in 2016
Number of Sure Start children's centres in England 2009 - 17
Number of new nursery places created by free schools that have opened 2015 - 16
Number of nursery places created by free schools, Nov 2015 - Mar 2017
government funding for delivering the two, three and four year old child care entitlements 2015-16 and 2016-17
proportion of eligible two-year-olds who have taken up a funded early education place 2016
http://www.riseinformationcentre.org.uk/proportion%20of%20eligible%20two-year-ol...
total number of nursery places created by free schools 2016
Number of Sure Start children's centres opened 2011 -16
Supplementary funding for maintained nursery schools, 2017 - 18
Ofsted's inspection team budget for early years settings 2010 -16 - SEE LINK
Number of Ofsted-registered childcare providers inspected by Ofsted 2011 - 16.- SEE LINK
Number of 2-, 3- and 4-year-old children benefitting from funded early education by Special Needs provision by type of provider, England, 2016
Funding per head to be allocated for childcare in each constituency 2017-18 SEE LINK
Government funding to support the delivery of the 30 hour free childcare entitlement.
Departmental funding her Department allocated to the Early Years Capital Fund, 2016
Number of instances of financial malpractice and irregularity in free schools and academies and community schools 2013 - 16
supplementary funding each local authority will receive for maintained nursery schools 2016 -18
Proportion of funding for the free childcare entitlement retained by local authorities for wider early yeasr work.
numbers of childrens' centres, 2010 and 2016
number of disadvantaged two year olds taking up free early education
numbers of nurses and nursery nursed in primary schools
how much funding per head is received for childcare in England
The number of school-age children in England eligible for the service child pupil premium in January 2016,
number of childcare places available for three and four year olds and eligible children , England
Number of households eligible for 30 hour free childcare for children aged three and four, England
number of Sure Start centres open, March 2016
number of publications by DfE since 2012
Funding for Ofsted and CQC to inspect new local area duties in SEN and disabilities
Additional funding for small childcare facilities towards the costs of the free 30 hours of childcare per week. 2015 - 19
Small schools taskforce's report on the support needed for small schools for universal infant free school meals provision SEE LINK
pupil teacher ratios in primary and secondary schools over the past ten years
capital costs relating to introduction of universal infant free school meals
take-up of free early years education
legal duties of local authorities for SEN in early years
Proportion of staff qualified to level 3 and level 6 in childcare settings, LINK PROVIDED
Percentages of eligible 2-year-old children benefitting from funded early education places by region, 2015
childrens' centres opened and closed 2010-2015
funding for training educational psychologists
demand for school places, 2015-2020 by local authority
Number of subjects or courses offered by further education colleges (link)
Cost per hour of childcare, England, 2010 - 13
Free childcare for 2 and 3 year olds, 2015 - 17
Number of 3- and 4-year-olds benefitting from funded early education places 2010 to 2014
primary schools' phonic check results compared with Ofsted judgements
nursery places available in years since 2010
local authorities signed up to the Eligibility Checking System for free school meals
support for small primary schools to provide hot free meals
additional capital support for primary schools to provide hot free meals
Number of nursery places available in England, 2010. 2011, 2013
number of infant pupils eligible for pupil premium
teaching schools' bids from the early years self-improvement fund
Number of registered childcare places, England, 2009 - 2011
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmhansrd/cm140514/text/140514w...
New early years pupil premium, worth £50 million, in April 2015
the effect of the plans for free school meals for all pupils in reception and years 1 and 2 on the allocation of the pupil premium
per capita spending on primary school reception classes 2007-2013
estimated costs of full-time child care
49 schools in trial to take two year olds
number of care providers for three- and four-year-olds
early intervention grant 2011-12 to 2014-15 by local authority
Changes in number of Surestart Centres
full and part-time attendance at nursery schools
the effect of poverty on early cognitive development
participation rates of children in early years settings
proportion of fathers using children's centres
recruitment to early years teacher education
Government funding to provide extended services in schools, 2005 - 11
Proportion of qualified male teaching staff in nursery and primary (including lower) education, 2010 - 11
Number of three and four-year-olds benefitting from funded early education-January 2012
Number of children's centres by local authority in 2010 and 2013.
The average number of hours per week of funded early education received by three and four-year-olds , 2009-2012.
Number of applications made to to become Early Years and Childcare providers, by applications to each register, 2008-March 2013; Number of removals from the register (resignations or cancellations), 2008-March 2013.
Cost of developing and funding first year of the phonics screening test.
Average monthly rate for childcare by provider type, 2006-08 and 2010; average weekly payment by parents for childcare (not accounting for number of hours involved) 2007-08 and 2010-11; average weekly payment in 2011 by provider type.
Number of primary schools with more than five per cent of pupils in (a) reception, (b) year 1 and (c) year 2 with speech, language and communications difficulties, Jan 2012
Average hourly fees for childcare services (Full day care, full day care in children's centres, sessional and childminders) by government office region.
Number of three- and four-year old children taking up free pre-school education places in England as of January 2012.
Number of three and four-year-olds taking up free education places by type of provider, 2012.
Number of Sure Start centres closed between April 2010 and June 2012.
Number of two-year-olds that will be eligible for 15 hours per week of free nursery care in England by 2015.
Average hourly cost of childcare by child care provider and by region (England), 2010.
Number of Ofsted registered places in full day care and sessional settings by ownership: 2005 - 2010.
Allocation of the Early Intervention Grant, within which funding for children's centres is included: 2011-12 and 2012-13.
Number of childcare services (childminder, full-day childcare and out-of-school daycare) opening and closing each financial year 2005/6 - 2010/11.
Inspections of child care providers between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2011 by local authority areas of deprivation.
Number of concerns or complaints received against childcare providers in England that Ofsted looked into in 2010/11
Average hourly fees charged by childcare providers (by region) - 2008
Children aged under five years attending various types of childcare settings by region (2009)
Children of any age attending childminders by region (2009)
Number of children attending childcare and early years provision in 2003 and 2009
Number of children's centres in England, 2010 and 2011
Funding allocated to local authorities for Sure Start, 1998 - 2011
Funding allocations for Sure Start Children's Centres, 2010/11
Departmental funding allocations for children's programmes in 2008-09, 2009-10-and 2010-11.
Take up of free early education for three and four year olds, 2010
Funding for Sure Start programme, 2010 - 13
Funding for free early education places for two, three and four-year-olds, 2011 - 15
Proportion of staff of each gender in the childcare and early years workforce, England, 2008.
Amount of free nursery education for disadvantaged children aged two years, 2011 - 13
Number of Sure Start Centres in England,2010, and how many have been established in each region in England since 2003.
Funding for pre school education
Percentage of three and four-year-olds receiving the entitlement to free early years provision, broken down by family income, family type and work status, 2009.
Number of children's centres that have been opened in England since 1997.
Number of pupils in pupil referral units with special educational needs (SEN) without a statement by age, in England, by local authority, Jan 2010
Number of pupils in pupil referral units by age in England, by local authority, Jan 2010
Funds given to the 'Letters and Sounds' programme of primary education, 2006-08.
Number of Sure Start children's centres in each region and local authority area, 2009 - 10
Amount spent on nursery entitlement for three and four year olds since 1997
Funding for Free Early Learning and Childcare support for most disadvantaged two year olds, 2008 - 11
Number of maintained nurseries that have closed, with reasons, 2005 - 08
Government support for local authorities to plan and deliver their children's centre programmes, 2006 -11
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200910/cmhansrd/cm091215/text/91215w0...
Number of out of school clubs for children under eight years of age, 2004 - 08, England
Number of Sure Start Children's Centres in each local authority area, 2009
Number of child care places available in England, 1997 - 2009 .
Sex of childminders in England, 1998 - 2008
Provision of facilities for multiple-birth children in early years settings, swimming pools, playgrounds
Funding allocated to local authorities for free entitlement to early education for every three and four-year-old, 2008 - 11
Number of pupils being taught in primary schools with over 800 pupils in 1997 and 2009.
Number of fixed period exclusions in primary schools by age and reason for exclusion, 2007/08.
Number of nurseries that have opened and closed, as at 31 March each year, England 2006-08.
Money allocated for the Sure Start programme, 2008-11.
Number of Sure Start Centres in England, April 2009
Qualifications of child care staff across all types of providers
Ofsted's expenditure on inspection of schools and inspection and regulation of nurseries and other pre-school provision, 1997 - 2008
Number and proportion of maintained nursery/primary and secondary schools with fewer than 1%,10 %, 20 % and 30 % full-time equivalent qualified male teachers, England, 1997 and 2008,
Number and percentage of mainstream schools with pupils with special educational needs with statements, by local authority area, 2008
Expenditure on the provision of education for pupils with special educational needs in England for 2008-09:
Amount of usage of the free entitlement to child care by two, three and four year olds, 2008
Judgements on the overall quality grades from inspections of registered childcare that have a postcode match with identified sure start centres, 2003 - 08
Funding allocated for training of early years workforce, 2008 - 11
Number and percentage of childcare providers that have opened and closed, position as at each quarter , England 2008
Number of new Sure Start centres designated in each month in (a) 2007 and (b) 2006.
Number and proportion of children attending child care and early years providers by age , England, 2005 - 07
Delivery of free early education entitlement for three and four year-olds from 12.5 hours to 15 hours a week in all local authorities, by September 2010.
Proportion of staff in child care settings qualified to at least Level 2
Numbers and proportion of early years settings deemed inadequate by Ofsted, identifying areas of deprivation, 2008
Number of vacant places for children at child care and early years providers, by region, England, 2005 - 07
Numbers of child care provider staff with at least a level three qualification who work in areas of deprivation, England, 2006 - 07
Average number of vacant places per childcare setting in England, by type of provision, and by region, 2005 - 07
Number of childcare settings that have ceased operating permanently in each quarter, 2003 - 08
Number and percentage of child care providers in England that have opened and closed, 2007 - 08
Number and proportion of vacancies in nursery schools, 2006 and 2007
Aims and progress made by the Every Child a Reader and Every Child Counts programmes.
Turnover of staff at child care and early years education providers, 2007.
Number of staff working for childcare providers, 2001-07.
Funding provided for training childcare staff to level three.
Number of children attending child care and early years care providers, broken down by age-group, in 2007.
Number of schools providing access to the full core offer of extended services (day care) in England, by local authority, from January 2009.
Number of new Sure Start Children's Centres designated each month throughout 2008.
Number of full-time equivalent teachers employed in local authority maintained nursery/primary schools in the North East and England, January 1997 to 2008.
Aims of the Quality and Access Capital Grant.
AimHigher projects are focused primarily on primary school pupils.
Child care places for children under eight years of age by type of care in each Government office region in Engand, 2008
Percentage of male and female staff by type of setting in pre-school and primary education, 2007
Number of schools providing access to the full core offer of extended services in England.
Inspection gradings for Children Act inspections of full day care providers, broken down by sector
Number and proportion of early years settings found to be (a) outstanding, (b) good, (c) satisfactory and (d) inadequate by Ofsted since September 2008
National occupancy rates for different types of child care providers from 2005 to 2007
Number of children in England who took up free nursery places in each quarter in each year since the scheme was introduced.
Which local authorities receive Sure Start funding; and which have children's centres not based in wards among the 20 per cent. most deprived of all wards
Average hourly pay of staff working in childcare and early years providers.
Proportion of full day care providers trying to recruit for vacancies, by staff type and ownership, 2006
Number of child care places by ownership of the provision in 2006 and number of vacancies in child care and early years providers in 2006
Total expenditure on under fives in nursery schools, primary schools and the private, voluntary and independent sectors, 2001 - 08
Guidance notes issued to Sure Start Children's Centres, 2003 - 8
Number and proportion of full day care providers by type of ownership, from 2001
Expenditure by local authorities on Sure Start Children's Centres each year since 2001
Total spending in each year since the Sure Start programme was established (1999- 2007)
Expansion of Sure Start projects to areas that do not have access to this service.
Cost of increasing the universal early years entitlement to 20 hours a week
Pre-School Education: Per Capita Costs
Cost of extending the universal early years entitlement of 12.5 hours a week to 2 year olds
Number of three and four year-olds taking up or benefiting from early education places
Capital and revenue spending in each year since the Sure Start programme was established.
Number and proportion of children in care aged three and above and below three attended daycare nursery in each of the last 10 years.
Number of nursery schools opened and closed in each of the last 10 years.
Number and proportion of childcare staff in England with childcare qualifications which were obtained overseas.
Number of children aged under one, one year old, two years old, three years old, four years old, five years old and more than five years old attended children's centres in each year.
Percentage of paid staff in nurseries holding at least a Level 5 qualification: 2006
Number and proportion of child care places in England by the type of ownership , 2006
How much the DCFS has spent in developing the early years foundation stage profile.
Number of private, voluntary and independent providers delivering a free early education to three and four-year-olds, 2004 - 07
Number of nurseries opening and closing since 2003
Average number of hours worked per week by staff in child care and early years provision in maintained schools
Cost of production and distribution of the Children's Plan Toolkit
what the cost of Bookstart has been since the programme began; and how many books have been purchased under the scheme to date; [196569] The cost of Bookstart has been since the programme began; how many books have been purchased under the scheme to date; How many books purchased under the Bookstart programme have been (a) delivered to and (b) collected by parents; and how many are awaiting collection.
Assessment of the quality of childcare and early years education in (a) deprived areas and (b) affluent areas
Funding provided to each local education authority to provide free nursery education for three and four-year-olds between 2003-06
Number of child care and early years workers who have qualifications of a standard of less than NVQ Level 3
Amount of public spending on Sure Start, early years and childcare allocated in each of the next three years
Average staff complement of a Sure Start centre in each of the last five years and what proportion of Sure Start centre staff had qualifications accredited by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority at (a) level 6, (b) level 3 and (c) level 1 or 2 only over the period
How many three and four-year-old children are entitled to free nursery places in each local authority area and how many such places are available in each local authority.
Number of three and four-year-olds taking up or benefiting from early education places for the years 2004-07.
Extra funding for early years.
http://www.dfes.gov.uk/pns/DisplayPN.cgi?pn_id=2007_0219
Number of Phase 1, 2 and 3 Sure Start centres there are and are planned in each local education authority.
Expenditure on Sure Start in 2006-07 and how much has been allocated to the programme in 2007-08.
Number of Sure Start children's centres from 1996 - 2007
Proportion of young children (a) in each Sure Start Local Programme area and (b) in England living in households in which no-one was working
Cost of the Sure Start programme in each year since it began.
Funding allocated to Sure Start, child care and early years in each of the last three financial years.
Spending on early years 2006-2008
Spending on early years
Spending on early years education
Education provision: children under 5 years of age, January 2017
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/education-provision-children-under-5-ye...
Childcare and early years survey of parents: 2017
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/childcare-and-early-years-survey-of-par...
Early years foundation stage profile results: 2016 to 2017
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/early-years-foundation-stage-profile-re...
DfE SFR 42/2016: Phonics screening check and KS1 assessments, England
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/phonics-screening-check-and-key-stage-1...
DfE SFR 20/2016: schools, pupils and their characteristics January 2016
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristic...
characteristics of children in need 2014-15
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/characteristics-of-children-in-need-201...
Updated Early years foundation stage profile (EYFSP) results for the 2014 to 2015 academic year, at national and local authority level.
Provision for children under 5 years of age: January 2014
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/provision-for-children-under-5-years-of...
Early years foundation stage profile (EYFSP) assessments, by pupil characteristics in England, for academic year 2013 to 2014.
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/eyfsp-attainment-by-pupil-characteristi...
Early Years Foundation Stage attainment 2013-14
education and training statistics for UK 2014; includes data on schools, colleges, HEIs, staff, qualifications, and spending
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/education-and-training-statistics-for-t...
SFR 23/2014 National pupil projections: trends in pupil numbers - July 2014
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-pupil-projections-trends-in-...
SFR 06/2014 childcare and early years survey of parents, 2012-13
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/childcare-and-early-years-survey-of-p...
National and LA information for early years foundation stage profile assessments by pupil characteristics in England, 2012 to 2013.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/eyfsp-attainment-by-pupil-characteris...
SFR 43/2013: Early years foundation stage profile results: 2012 to 2013
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/early-years-foundation-stage-profile-...
Phonics screening check and national curriculum assessments at key stage 1 in England: 2013
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/phonics-screening-check-and-national-...
Provision for children under 5 years of age in England: January 2013
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/provision-for-children-under-5-years-...
Childcare and Early Years Survey 2011.
http://www.education.gov.uk/researchandstatistics/statistics/a00213767/
Early years provision for children under 5 in England
http://www.education.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/SFR/s001074/index.shtml
Early Years Foundation Stage Profile (EYFSP) assessments at national and local authority level, 2011
Early Years profile attainment by pupil characteristics 2010 -2011
Results of the assessment of Early Years foundation stage profile 2010 -2011
Education provision for children under five including numbers benefitting from early years education, January 2011.
Foundation Stage Profile Attainment by Pupil Characteristics in England, 2009/10
DfE: Numbers of Sure Start Children's Centres - as at April 2010
http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/STR/d000936/index.shtml
Provision for Children Under Five Years of Age in England - January 2010
http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/SFR/s000935/index.shtml
Neighbourhood Statistics - Small Area Early Years Foundation Stage Profile, National Curriculum Assessment, GCSE and Equivalent and Post 16 Attainment by Pupil Characteristics in England, 2009
DCSF: Early Years Foundation Stage Profile Attainment by Pupil Characteristics, in England 2008/09
DCSF: Early Years Foundation Stage Profile Results in England, 2008/09
DCSF: Provision for Children Under Five Years of Age in England - January 2009
DCSF: Foundation Stage Profile Results in England, 2007/08 This contains national and local authority level results for the Foundation Stage Profile (FSP) assessments for 2008 and will show the percentage of children achieving each point on the 13 FSP assessment scales. For the second time, the Statistical Release will show the extent of the inequality gap in attainment between children resident in the most deprived areas and the rest of England.
DCSF: Provision for Children Under Five Years of Age in England: January 2008 This includes data on the numbers of three and four year old children benefiting from some free early years education.
DfE statement on key stage one test publication
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/statement-from-dfe-about-key-stage-1-tests
reception baseline comparability study published
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/reception-baseline-comparability-study-publis...
Increase in number of young children starting school ready to learn.
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/more-children-than-ever-starting-school-ready...
Teaching Schools given £5 million to work with local nurseries
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/schools-given-5-million-to-work-with-local-nu...
Funding to ensure every child has a school place in September 2018
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/16-billion-to-help-ensure-every-child-has-a-s...
seven LAs to implement EYPP (early years pupil premium) in advance of roll-out in April 2015
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/disadvantaged-children-to-benefit-from-life-c...
More infants eating free school meals
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-data-shows-13-million-more-infants-eating...
New funding to help most disadvantaged 3- and 4-year-olds
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-funding-will-help-most-disadvantaged-3-an...
Phonics check results show more pupils are now reading better
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/100000-more-pupils-on-track-to-succeed-in-rea...
Children who have early education get higher GCSEs and earn higher wages
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/children-who-have-early-education-get-higher-...
Increased eligibility for a free school lunch for infants
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/deputy-prime-minister-launches-free-school-me...
New fund to help most disadvantaged 3- and 4-year-olds
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-50m-fund-to-help-most-disadvantaged-3-and...
More Government funding to create more school places up to 2017.
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/michael-gove-announces-over-2-billion-for-mor...
More children to receive a free school meal
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nick-clegg-announces-155-million-more-childre...
Bursaries received by 200 early years apprentices to be doubled to £3,000
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/early-years-apprenticeship-bursary-doubled-to...
take up after one month of new scheme for free childcare for disadvantaged two-year-olds
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/92000-2-year-olds-already-receiving-free-chil...
Proposed changes to make free pre-school education more flexible for parents including extending free places to two-year-olds.
http://www.education.gov.uk/inthenews/inthenews/a00209664/deputy-prime-minister-...
Publication of the interim report by Professor Cathy Nutbrown on how to help staff working with early years children to improve their skills, knowledge and development (link to report website included).
http://www.education.gov.uk/inthenews/inthenews/a00205061/nutbrowninterim
Number of children's centres by local authority
http://www.education.gov.uk/inthenews/inthenews/a00200125/number-of-childrens-ce...
Free early education will be extended to 140,000 disadvantaged two-year- olds, and parents will be able to access the free entitlement more flexibly
http://www.education.gov.uk/inthenews/inthenews/a00200071/consultation-launched-...
Government is acting to get children ready for school: A new early years curriculum for 0-5-year-olds will be introduced next year which focuses on three prime areas of learning that are critical to making sure children develop healthily and happily
http://www.education.gov.uk/inthenews/inthenews/a00192729/government-is-acting-t...
Government sets out reform of early learning and children's centres; Slimmed down curriculum for 0-5-year-old
http://www.education.gov.uk/inthenews/inthenews/a00191829/government-sets-out-re...
Government reaches target of 3500 Sure Start Children's Centres throughout the country
http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/pns/DisplayPN.cgi?pn_id=2010_0067
Funding for flexibility and parental choice over when children start school
Start of nationwide free childcare for disadvantaged two-year-olds
Information regarding the Sure Start Children's Centres.
Funding to be allocated for training to develop high quality phonics in early years settings and primary schools.
Lowest achieving early years children starting to catch up, and more investment to be made.
OECD: Educational performance report shows positive at every stage of education
Funding from Early Years Foundation Stage package to target help at families most at risk of disadvantage to prevent their children falling behind at an early age.
Funding package to tackle the communication problems in early years
£4bn for Sure Start, Early Years and Childcare
technical guidance on the data for primary school accountability
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/primary-school-accountability
Commons briefing paper: schools and class sizes
http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN02625
Commons research briefing: England's system of SEN support
http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN07020#fullrepo...
Commons library research paper: overview of curriculum and tests since 2010
Commons library briefing paper: Entry to school of summer born children
http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7272/CBP-7272.pdf
House of Commons Library Research Paper - Counter-extremism policy in English schools
http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7345
Chief Inspector of School Annual Report 2014 -2015
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/maintained-schools-and-academies-inspec...
Reception baseline assessment - notice eventually withdrawn
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/reception-baseline-assessment-guide-to-signing-up-yo...
Comparative study of baseline assessments commissioned by DfE which led to the withdrawal of assessments.
White Paper: Educational Excellence Everywhere
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/educational-excellence-everywhere
National Audit Office report on early education and child care
https://www.nao.org.uk/report/entitlement-to-free-early-education-and-childcare/
Ofsted report on Early Years provision
https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/ofsteds-early-years-report-2015
Ofsted report Teaching and play in the early years: a balancing act?
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/teaching-and-play-in-the-early-years-...
letter from Ofsted to schools on inspection arrangements from September 2015
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/442910...
Parents' role important for early years progress - report from Education Endowment Foundation
https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/index.php?%2Fnews%2Fparents-who-enga...
Early years tool kit from Education Endowment Foundation
https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/evidence/early-years-toolkit/
Chief Inspector of Schools Annual Report (Ofsted) 2013 -2014
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ofsted-annual-report-201314-schools-r...
Official statistics: Early years and childcare registered providers inspections and outcomes, Apr to June 2014
https://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/official-statistics-early-years-and-childcar...
Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/early-years-foundation-stage-framewor...
Early Years Foundation Stage Framework
Ofsted report on helping disadvantaged children start school
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/are-you-ready-good-practice-in-school...
Government paper on early education and childcare: research priorities and questions
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/early-education-and-childcare-researc...
Government response to Education select committee report on foundation years, Sure Start and Children's Centres
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmeduc/1141/114102.ht...
Sutton Trust A Review of the Research Evidence on Quality of Early Childhood Education and Care for Children under Three
http://www.suttontrust.com/researcharchive/sound-foundations/
Sound Foundations – Sutton Trust Review of the research evidence on quality of early childhood education and care for children under three
Education select committee report on foundation Years, Sure Start and Children's centres,
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmeduc/364/36402.htm
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/annualreport1213
revised early years inspection framework
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/news/high-quality-early-education-focus-of-ofsteds-revi...
Government report on affordable child care
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/more-affordable-childcare
Ofsted Report Achieving and maintaining high quality early years provision: getting it right first time
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/achieving-and-maintaining-high-qualit...
The report of Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Education, Children's Services and Skills: Early years
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/report-of-her-majestys-chief-inspector-of-edu...
Outcomes of Ofsted inspections on childcare and Early Years providers, 1 September 2012 to 31 December 2012.
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/official-statistics-early-years-and-childcare...
The Annual Report of Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Education, Children's Services and Skills 2011/12
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/about-us/annual-report
Ofsted report evaluating how well new early years and primary teachers are trained to teach language and literacy.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/early-language-and-literacy-from-trai...
Revised statutory framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) for implementation from September 2012 onwards.
http://www.education.gov.uk/schools/teachingandlearning/curriculum/a0068102/earl...
The 2012 Statistical Volume dealing with expenditure, training, post 16, schools, qualifications and early years
http://www.education.gov.uk/researchandstatistics/statistics/allstatistics/a0021...
The report Foundations for Quality by Professor Nutbrown on early years teaching force.
http://media.education.gov.uk/MediaFiles/A/0/9/%7BA098ADE7-BA9A-4E18-8802-D8D4B0...
The evaluation of Sure Start by Birkbeck University.
http://www.ness.bbk.ac.uk/impact/documents/DFE-RR220.pdf
Public Accounts Committee on The free entitlement to education for three and our year olds
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201012/cmselect/cmpubacc/1893/189302....
Statutory framework for early years
http://media.education.gov.uk/assets/files/pdf/e/eyfs%20statutory%20framework%20...
The Statutory Framework for Early Years education.
https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/AllPublications/Page1/DFE-000...
National Audit Office on delivering free places to 3 and 4 year olds
https://www.nao.org.uk/report/delivering-the-free-entitlement-to-education-for-t...
The National Audit office report on delivery of free education for 3 to 4 year olds showing progress but still wide variation.
http://www.nao.org.uk/publications/1012/education_for_3-4-year-olds.aspx
Education and Training Statistics for the United Kingdom 2011. This volume contains information such as the number of schools by type and region, pupil numbers and pupil-teacher ratios, pupil progress and standards and free school meals data (Chapter 1); numbers involved in post-compulsory education or training (Chapter 2); GCSE and A Level results and pupil destinations (Chapter 3).
http://www.education.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/VOL/v001045/index.shtml
The Statistical Volume published each year which deals with aspects of expenditure on schools, post 16 education, qualifications, spending and early years.
http://www.education.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/VOL/v001045/v02-2011.pdf
The Annual Report of Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Education, Children's Services and Skills 2010/11 (The OFSTED Annual Report).
Childcare and Early Years Providers Survey 2010 providing information on key characteristics of childcare and early years provision and the early years workforce across the public, private and voluntary sectors.
http://www.education.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/STR/d001024/index.shtml
An evaluation of the economic impact of Sure Start
https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationDetail/Page1/DFE-R...
Second Report from Graham Allen MP setting out how early intervention programmes could be cost effective
http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/sites/default/files/resources/earlyintervention-...
An evidence pack on early years produced by the DfE
https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationDetail/Page1/DFE-0...
2nd report by Graham Allen MP, commissioned by the Government, on the need for high quality early years provision
OFSTED statistics on the inspection of children's centres in England
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/official-statistics-children%E2%80%99s-centre...
The Government commissioned Tickell review on the Early Years Foundation Stage
http://media.education.gov.uk/MediaFiles/B/1/5/%7BB15EFF0D-A4DF-4294-93A1-1E1B88...
The Tickell report on Early Years education
A report on the need for early intervention programmes for young children by Graham Allen MP
http://www.dwp.gov.uk/docs/early-intervention-next-steps.pdf
An OFSTED report on the impact of the early years foundation stage
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/impact-of-early-years-foundation-stage
A report by Graham Allen MP on the need for early intervention, his report was commissioned by the Government
An evaluation of the impact of Sure Start programmes on five year olds and their families.
http://www.ness.bbk.ac.uk/impact/documents/RR067.pdf
An OFSTED report on equality impact on outsourcing in early years
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/development-childrens-directorate-early-years...
A CfBT report on integrating children's services comparing Britain, US and Norway, focussing particularly on early years
http://www.cfbt.com/evidenceforeducation/ourresearch/evidenceforgovernment/inter...
Annual Report of Chief Inspector of schools is wide ranging study based on inspections of the preceding year and includes many aspects of the work of primary. secondary and special schools and FE colleges
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/Ofsted-home/Publications-and-research/Browse-all-by/Ann...
An OFSTED survey exploring the reasons for exclusion of children aged four to seven and the ways in which some schools manage to avoid using exclusion.
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/exclusion-school-of-children-aged-four-seven
Next steps for early learning and childcare - next steps in the 10-Year Childcare Strategy set out in 2004 to allow parents 'to make informed choices about their children's care and family life'
http://publications.education.gov.uk/eOrderingDownload/00173-2009DOM-EN.pdf
An OFSTED survey of early years providers
http://www.education.gov.uk/research/programmeofresearch/projectinformation.cfm?...
Survey of parents views of childcare and early years provision
http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/rsgateway/DB/RRP/u015452/index.shtml
Early Years Foundation Stage profile results 2017-18
secondary and primary school applications and offers 2018
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/secondary-and-primary-school-applicatio...
OECD 'Education at a Glance 2016', international data on education systems; section D on schools and teachers
http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/education/education-at-a-gl...
The website of the Tickell review on early years education commissioned by the DfE
http://www.education.gov.uk/tickellreview
The Effective Provision of Pre-School Education (EPPE) project is a large scale, longitudinal study of the progress and development of 3,000 children in various types of pre-school education.
http://eppe.ioe.ac.uk/eppe/eppeintro.htm
The Cambridge Primary Review was a far reaching study into the primary curriculum and the work of primary schools. It made several recommendations.
http://www.primaryreview.org.uk
British Association for Early Education national voluntary organisation for early years practitioners and parents with members and branches in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
http://www.early-education.org.uk/
Website of Birkbeck's evaluation of Sure Start
http://www.ness.bbk.ac.uk/
Website by Reaper Enterprises


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The Monogram Company
The Monogram Company began in 1981 with a single needle, single head embroidery machine, in the owner's home. In the late 1980's, a multi-head machine was added, and the company purchased the building at 515 Division St. in La Crosse, WI. In 2023 they moved to a new location at 1010 2nd Ave SW in Onalaska, WI.
A larger, multi-head embroidery machine was added in 1996. Also, in the mid-1990's, screen-printed apparel and promotional products began to be offered in addition to the embroidered apparel already available.
While specializing in apparel, The Monogram Company has seen increased growth in promotional products . The company has a mix of large, medium and small business customers and provides products to end users and re-sellers such as gift shops and catalog companies.
In 2002, The Monogram Company launched their first e-store for one of our corporate customers. This area continues to grow today. These e-stores provide a great option for our customers who are looking to streamline the process of employee apparel and awards programs.
The tag-line "You name it…We'll put your name on it!" was added in 2003 to reflect the vast array of apparel and promotional products available to its customers. We make it our goal to provide you with the perfect item to promote your business or organization.
In 2004, The Monogram Company purchased the uniform business of Salem Markos & Sons in downtown La Crosse. This added police, fire and public service uniforms to the existing restaurant, corporate, sports and health care offerings. All alterations are done in-house.
In 2023, The Monogram Company moved it's location to new facility in Onalaska, to expand production and add another 6-head embroidery machine.
The Monogram Company continues to strive to provide appropriate products, on-time deliveries and excellent customer service to all of our customers big and small. We're always excited to answer a question or help with a project.
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© Copyright 2023 The Monogram Company. All Rights Reserved.
The Monogram Company, 1010 2nd Ave SW, Onalaska, WI 54650 PH: (608) 784-9647


In this talk, we discuss a theoretical framework to evaluate the throughput of underwater networks over an ensemble of node topologies and propagation environments. We start with a review of the properties of underwater acoustic communications. The probability of a successful transmission is then evaluated and employed to determine the maximum network throughput density over the transmitter density and the operating frequency. We emphasize which conclusions change with respect to radio networks when our theoretical model incorporates the different physics of underwater sound attenuation.
We validate the theoretical results using a realistic underwater channel simulator based on ray tracing, and demonstrate that the theoretical and simulated throughput match reasonably well, provided that the spreading-loss exponent is appropriately fitted to the simulation scenario.
Finally, we overview the evolution of the field experimentation activities carried out by our underwater research group, from simple feasibility tests, to full-fledged network protocol experiments in heterogeneous networks at sea.
Paolo Casari received the PhD in Information Engineering in 2008 at the University of Padova, Italy, where he is currently a senior postdoctoral research fellow. He has been actively researching cross-layer protocol design for MIMO ad hoc networks and wireless sensor networks. After spending a period at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2007, he started working on underwater acoustic networks, which is currently his main focus. He has been the technical manager of the Italian projects WISE-WAI and NAUTILUS, and has been involved in several international collaborative projects on underwater acoustic networking. He served in the organizing committee of several conferences, and has been guest editor for the Hindawi Journal of Electronics and Computer Engineering special issue on "Underwater Communications and Networking." His research interests include many aspects of underwater communications, such as channel modeling, network performance evaluation, cross-layer protocol design and at-sea experiments. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE.


Why does my dog roll in poop and other stinky stuff?
Most dogs love to roll in stinky substances that repulse humans. It is a natural behavior to them, and usually a way to mask their own scent. Rolling in something with a strong smell makes your dog feel invisible and sneaky.
This is a very difficult behavior to curb. Limit the dog's opportunities – keep the yard as clean as possible, and when leash walking, keep an eye out for dead animals and mud. Praise your dog when leaving it alone.


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Q: What's the origin of this expression recorded in Louisiana, 1867? From Freedmen's Bureau records as excerpted in Sterling's brilliant We Are Your Sisters:

Emmeline Ellaby jumped out of the cotton and called them damned bitches and said that everyone of them damned bitches there was shitting and pissing through one quill, and she would put her foot into we dam-d bitches ass so deep that we would have to saw her foot off.

What's the origin of this expression "shitting and pissing through one quill"?
And, as long as I'm asking, regarding "we dam-d bitches," do you think probably "we" like "wee"? If not, what else could it be?
By the way, above snippet is juiciest piece of the excerpt, but if you want more, its in Google Books.

A: As JEL had noted in an earlier answer to this question, the expression "piss through one quill" appears in dual-language dictionaries going back at least to 1688 when it appeared in The greate French Dictionary, with the explanation that the expression means "agree perfectly together." The same expression also appears in dual-language dictionaries of English-Italian (1727), English-Danish (1754), English-Swedish (1757), and English-Dutch (1766). And in Dictionarium Latino-barbarum (1677), a dual-language English-Latin dictionary, it appears as an English idiom under the word quill, in the form "They both piss in a quill."
John Ray, A Collection of English Proverbs (1678) lists the expression under the heading "Proverbial Phrases and forms of Speech that are not Entire Sentences," without further comment, in this form:

To piss in the same quill.

John Farmer & William Henley, Slang and Its Analogues Past and Present, volume 5 (1902) argues that the expression "piss through a quill" means simply "to write." Farmer & Henley may have been influenced by Abram Palmer, Folk-Etymology: A Dictionary of Verbal Corruptions or Words Perverted in Form or Meaning, by False Derivation or Mistaken Etymology (1882) who cites two relevant examples of "piss through a quill" (or "pissed in a quill") cited by Farmer & Henley in its later treatment of the expression. Palmer asserts that the expression is of Irish English origin:

In Ireland there is a coarse phrase of the same origin [as "in the quill," meaning "by joint action"] by which persons who are great chums, or hail-fellows-well-met, are said "mingere in uno quill (= rivulo)," "They p—— in the same quill."
[Example:] He would have us believe that he and the Secretary p——d in a quill ; they were confederates in this No Fanatic plot.—North, Examen, p. 399 {Davies}.
Marvell has the phrase in a somewhat altered form:— "I'll have a council shall sit always still, / And give me license to do what I will ; / And two secretaries shall p—— {mingent} through a quill." Poems, p. 188 (Murray repr.).
[Third example:] Thou runn'st to meet thy self's pure streams behind thee, / Mazing the Meads whre thou dost turn and winde-thee, / Anon, like Cedron, through a straighter Quill, / Thou strainest out a little Brook or Rill. [—]J. Sylvester, Du Bartas, p. 433 (1621).

A 1633 edition of the translation of Du Bartas that Palmer cites provides additional context for the usage there, but I still find the usage in that instance baffling.
The instance by Andrew Marvell occurs in a poem titled "Royal Resolutions" and does seem to use the expression to mean "write in ink"—although the quality of the writing (and of the reasoning behind it) is suggested by the metaphor. Marvell died in 1678, so this is a fairly early instance of the exact phrase "piss through a quill."
North is Roger North, and Examen is Examen, Or An Enquiry Into the Credit and Veracity of a Pretended Complete Historian, published in 1740, but written sometime between 1711 and 1734, when North died.
It appears that the forms "piss in one quill" and "piss in a quill" are older than "piss through one [or a] quill." I suspect that the quill in question isn't a feather or spine, but an obsolete sense of the word, which The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (1971) gives its own entry, as follows:

†Quill, sb., Obs. rare. {? a. OF. *quille = F. cueille gathering, harvest, sb. f. cueillir (OF. quillir, etc.) to gather, CULL v.} 1. = Coil, sb.3 ["A length of cable, rope, etc., when 'coiled' or gathered up into a number of concentric rings..."] [Example from 1588 omitted.] 2. In the (or a) quill: In a body; in combination or concert. To jump in quill, to act simultaneously or in harmony. [Examples from 1593, 1687, and 1690 omitted.]

This would explain how in the following instance, from "An Humble address to the most illustrious and high born James Francis Edward, present Prince of Wales" (1688), hundreds of people could be described as having "Piss'd all in one Quill":

In setting of thee up, they spoil'd their Plot, / And now their Names will ever Die and Rot: / And if thou Liv'st but ten Years more to come, / Thou may'st then hear there was a Pope of Rome, / And hundreds more, who Piss'd all in one Quill, / No Laws could bind them, only their own Will.

The expression "through one quill" is not common in the book and newspaper databases that I consulted, but it does appear occasionally. For example, from "My Fust Gong," in the Goulburn [New South Wales] Herald and Chronicle (August 22, 1868):

That ar things in this life tu big tu be trifled with, thar ar times when a man brakes luce from hsself, when he sees speerits, whe he kan almost tuch the moon, and feels as tho he kud fill both hands with the stars ov heavin and almost sware he was a bank president.,? Thats what ailed me. But the korse ov tru luv never did run smoove (this is Shakespere's opinion too, i and he often think through one quill).

And from an untitled item in the Santa Cruz [California] Sentinel (December 9, 1909):

Under the head of "The vacancy on the Council," the [Santa Cruz Evening] News publishes on its editorial page what appeared editorially in the [Santa Cruz] Surf. When evening sheets blow through one quill how harmoniously a vacancy in the Council glides along. The ammunition that one manufactures two can fire.

The sense of the expression in these newspaper instances seems to be "with one voice" or "in complete accord"—essentially the same meaning it had in 1688 in The greate French dictionary.

A: The phrase, 'piss through one quill', appears in an English publication as early as 1579, in this variant:

...the Iewes, who doe agree so well in one with our deare mother the holie Churche of Rome, that they pisse both in one quill, and haue all studied in one schoole.
From George Gilpin's English translation of the Dutch satire Roman Beehive, by Philips of Marnix. Emphasis mine.

I have been unable to discover whether the translation was from Dutch into idiomatic English, or was a word-for-word translation of an existing Dutch idiom.
The earliest attestation of the phrase (and variants) in OED is from sometime (unknown) before 1641:

J. Smyth Prov. in Berkeley MSS (1885) III. 32   Things ne're goe ill where Jacke and Gill pisse in one quill.

In OED, the definition of the phrase is "to agree, to be of one accord; to have a close relationship."

Incidentally, the 'we' in "we dam-d bitches ass" was likely the regional adjectival use, equivalent to 'our', observed by the OED:

C. adj.
regional (now chiefly Caribbean). As a possessive adjective: = OUR adj.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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390 Duke in Cycle World's Top Ten
KTM 390 Duke Wins Cycle World U.S. Magazine Best Lightweight Bike Award "If the battle for the loyalty of motorcycling's next generation is happening anywhere, it's in the lightweight streetbike class. The great offerings under 500cc fight not only for new riders but also for enthusiasts with...
Published on October 1 2015, 08:12
Source: procycles.com.au
Going into it we surmised the little Duke was going to be the sportier ride and the Honda the more practical one. Guess what, that's how it shakes out. Having said that, though, the practical Honda is really pretty damn sporty and the sporty little cheap KTM is practical enough to be your...
They say you only live once, and even if you get reincarnated you might come back as a cockroach. So go for it! Don't worry about cost or durability. In this series of articles, we don't. We got tired of listening to our readers whine like babies about street legal, off-the-shelf motorcycles...
KTM Press Release: KTM is excited to announce three new models to the 2015 street line-up, including the 390 Duke, RC 390 and the 1290 Super Adventure. The 390 Duke is an expansion to the Duke line that already includes the 1290 Super Duke R and 690 Duke. The Austrian manufacturer pulled out all...
KTM UK has created an internet-based riding route resource called "KTMplaces" launching with a competition to win a new 390 Duke, to help answer the question of 'Where Will I Ride Today?' Accessible from all online devices, KTM Placesis designed to help riders plan trips online, create new...
It didn't take long to find what would appear to be a worthy contender to the KTM 390 Duke. Enter BMW's new G 310 R. European? Check. Naked? Check. Single cylinder? Check. By golly! I think we should pit these two lil thumpers against each other in a battle to the death! Or at least compare them...
KTM has announced that three new U.S. models will appear at dealerships next Spring, including the 390 Duke, RC 390 and 1290 Super Adventure. Priced at $4,999, $5,499 and $20,499, respectively, these models round out the ever-expanding KTM U.S. model lineup. The two smaller bikes each feature a...
If the battle for the loyalty of motorcycling's next generation is happening anywhere, it's in the lightweight streetbike class. The great offerings under 500cc fight not only for new riders but also for enthusiasts with decades of experience. The fast and fun Yamaha YZF-R3 won our recent light...


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Q: how does prototype pattern create a deep copy throw clone() method I know that clone() method create a shallow copy and prototype pattern create a deep copy but i don't know how prototype work to do it by still using clone() method. What is the core element to create a new object clone.
public interface Prototype {
    public abstract Object clone ( );
}

public class ConcretePrototype implements Prototype {
    public Object clone() {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

public class Client {

    public static void main( String arg[] )
    {
        ConcretePrototype obj1= new ConcretePrototype ();
        ConcretePrototype obj2 = ConcretePrototype)obj1.clone();
    }

}

A: Well I donot think that prototype pattern is a deep copy always(depends on how you implement/override the clone() method).
1. It infact is a shallow copy if the class which overrides the
    clone method just calls the super.clone() as in your example above.
2. If the overridden method of clone() iterates through the fields
    of the actual object which we are cloning and try to create a new
    copy of those objects and store it in the object which we get out by
    calling super.clone() only then can it be called as a deep copy.
Until unless any class which implements the custom Prototype interface created and simple calls the super.clone() it would in turn be doing a shallow copy where in the parent and the cloned objects HAS A references of any external objects will both be pointing to same object and hence a shallow copy.
Also note that in the example that you provided you need to make your interface Prototype to implement Cloneable marker interface.


Hi hi. Hope you are having a wonderful day and week so far! If you know me then you know I loveee to shop and it just so happens one of my favorite brands is having a surprise sale…Kate Spade.
Here are a few of my favorite items from their sale going on. Hopefully I will get the chance to snag some goodies by tonight!