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tinkerers
THE TINKERING STUDIO
About the tinkering studio
A studio workshop for playful invention, investigation, and collaboration
The Tinkering Studio is an immersive, active, creative place at the Exploratorium where museum visitors can slow down, become deeply engaged in an investigation of scientific phenomena, and make something—a piece of a collaborative chain reaction—that fully represents their ideas and aesthetic.
In The Tinkering Studio, visitors are invited to explore a curiosity-driven exhibit, chat with a featured artist, or investigate a range of phenomena with staff artists, scientists, educators, and others by participating in a collaborative activity. A large, eclectic assortment of materials, tools, and technologies are provided for people to use as they explore and create.
Experiments with science, art,
technology, and delightful ideas.
The Tinkering Studio is located inside the Exploratorium, the museum of science, art, and human perception.
Tues-Sun 10 am to 5 pm
at Pier 15
tinkering@exploratorium.edu
The Learning Studio
the heart of research and development
The Learning Studio is the developmental engine for The Tinkering Studio. It is a creative space for museum staff and visiting artists, scientists, and educators to conduct investigations. Inspired by design studios, artist ateliers, kindergarten classrooms, and tinkerers' garages, The Learning Studio is stocked with materials, tools, and technologies used to prototype Tinkering Studio activities and programs with museum visitors.
Through research residencies, professional development workshops, and field research projects, The Learning Studio supports a diverse array of explorations in art, science, and technology—explorations that emphasize the documentation and dissemination of thinking and learning.
The Tinkering Studio is based on a constructivist theory of learning which asserts that knowledge is not simply transmitted from teacher to learner, but actively constructed by the mind of the learner. Later, constructionism suggested that learners are more likely to develop new insights and understandings while actively engaged in making an external artifact. The Tinkering Studio supports the construction of knowledge within the context of building personally meaningful artifacts, such as marble machines or light paintings. We design opportunities for people to "think with their hands" in order to construct meaning and understanding.
The Tinkering Studio Design Principles
As our activities continue to evolve, so will our principles. The following design principles represent our current best understanding of our own work.
"Creativity is the type of learning process where teacher and pupil are located in the same individual."
Activity Design
Thoughtful approaches to interacting with materials, tools, and technologies.
Activities and investigations build on visitors' prior interests and knowledge.
Materials and phenomena are evocative and invite inquiry.
STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education is a means, not an end in itself.
Multiple pathways are readily available.
Activities and investigations encourage learners to complexify thinking over time.
Guides for the design and use of the studio setting.
Examples from past projects and current activities are situated to seed ideas and inspiration
Studio layout supports individual initiative and autonomy.
Activity adjacencies encourage the cross-pollination of ideas
Activity station design enables cross-talk and invites collaboration.
Principles that inform the interaction between staff and museum visitors.
The facilitation is welcoming and intended to spark interest.
Facilitators focus visitor attention, based on individual paths of understanding.
Facilitation should help to strengthen understanding by helping learners clarify their intentions through conversation.
The Tinkering Studio is a collection of artists, scientists, developers, educators, and facilitators who dabble in—and experiment with—lots of tools, materials, and technologies. Their findings frequently turn into exhibits at the Exploratorium, or into hands-on activities that allow visitors to get in on the tinkering fun.
Anna Guardiola
Tinkering Studio Program Manager
When I was a kid, I imagined myself living in every country I learned of, becoming an explorer of new worlds and ideas. This outward-looking curiosity led to a master's degree in interpretation, covering five languages. Each language brought a new perspective, new concepts of our shared reality, and a new understanding of how we learn from each other and from our experiences. My international journey illuminated the marvels of research and education, leading me back to studies toward certification as a project manager at the University of California, Berkeley. After many years of experience planning, coordinating, and managing international large-scale projects for research organizations and the non-profit sector in Europe and the U.S., I am currently immersed in the fascinating tinkering culture, contributing as a Program Manager toward the development of new hands-on learning environments where the fun of making things happen.
Claudia Caro
Project Director, Early Childhood Tinkering Programs
I am a developmental psychologist, applied researcher, and progressive educator specializing in creating innovative multidisciplinary initiatives for life-long learning that range from preschool TV shows to collaborations designing open courses in higher ed. My approach to re-making learning has been focused on empowering underrepresented and marginalized populations to close the opportunity gap.
I am passionate about providing youth and adults with opportunities to achieve their full potential both in and outside of school and am excited to make learning fun, productive, and meaningful at any age.
Deanna Gelosi
Museum Educator
Deanna is an activity developer and facilitator in the Tinkering Studio. Her tinkering interests bridge physical phenomena with the digital world in delightful ways and she believes that art and science coexist on a spectrum. Prior to the Exploratorium, she studied physics at UC Berkeley and worked as a STEM educator and curriculum designer for non-profits dedicated to serving girls and non-dominant youth.
Ernest Aguayo
As a kid, I pored over the seemingly cryptic engineering schematics and equations at my father's desk and asked him to help me make sense of it all. I would take apart (and sometimes even put back together) various household gadgets to try to figure out how they worked and I would implore my parents to drive me to library after library to get my hands on any science book I hadn't yet read. My love of science led me to eventually pursue my bachelor's in aerospace engineering and my master's in science education. Later on, when I first set foot inside the Exploratorium, I immediately realized it was the museum I had always dreamed of. I could not get enough of the interactive, endearing, and elegant exhibits that would completely blow my mind, make me laugh, teach me something new about the world or about myself, or all of the above. Now as a staff member, I love seeing museum guests of all ages have similar experiences for themselves. I especially enjoy hearing others' perceptions and questions about science and finding new ways to empower visitors and educators to discover or express ideas in a playful and informal learning space.
Jake Montano
Senior Museum Educator
As a kid in Dallas with parents that worked endless hours, much of my time out of school was spent occupied with self-made projects. I had several hobbies—fawning over movies, making windy tunnels out of cardboard boxes, doodling, cooking things that often resulted in them becoming inedible—and dabbled in many, many other pursuits. My developing creativity was an escape from boredom, and became the fuel for my work as an educator today. By the time I reached university, I was as interested in why people did what they did as what they did. I'm a practitioner of ethnography because of it, but retrieved an education in the arts to satisfy my own soul as well. So, despite calling myself a rabid and incurable tinkerer, it is people that I am most interested in. Working at a place like the Exploratorium means getting to meet hobbyists, experts, even the apathetic, and it means being in a place in which conversation about who we are is as welcome as the things we've made or discovered.
Karen Wilkinson
Director, Tinkering Studio
As director of the Tinkering Studio, I see my role at the Exploratorium as an advocate for making as a way of knowing. I believe deeply in studio pedagogy, and the ability we all have to think with our hands. As an undergrad working in environmental design, I came to see museums as places that recognize this approach. Now, years later, I am even more committed to the idea that constructionism is an incredibly powerful way of learning, and that aesthetics matter a great deal. These two ideas are often overlooked in more formal education settings, outside of kindergarten or graduate school. Informal learning spaces for making and tinkering offer people a chance to connect to their own learning in a deeply personal way, which is why I'm thrilled to be able to work with such a delightfully quirky group of people in the Tinkering Studio.
Luigi Anzivino
Professional Development Lead
I want to live in a world where people can learn by doing in messy, unusual, and inventive ways, without fear of failure. To help with that I contribute to the design, prototyping, and facilitation of hands-on making activities for the Tinkering Studio. After 24 consecutive years of formal education culminating in a PhD in Behavioral Neuroscience, I finally discovered informal education, constructionism, and tinkering when I became a Field Trip Explainer at the Exploratorium; I haven't missed academia since. In my work as a Professional Development Lead, I focus on developing, documenting, and sharing with others in the field rich learning experiences, with the goal of creating a physical, cultural, and social space that is safe for trying out tentative ideas, not knowing the right answer, and developing the skill of posing—even more than solving—interesting problems.
Mike Petrich
Director, Informal Learning Cluster
I am curious about how people develop personal and unique understandings of the world for themselves. More specifically, my interest in how environments can be designed to foster learning and encourage deep thinking led to a graduate degree in education design and technology, and ultimately to a leadership role within the Learning Studio. With a background in fine arts, filmmaking, and photography, I apply the act of careful observation to much of my work as a facilitator. I have been working at this for 20 years, with audiences as diverse as museum visitors, primary school students, Tibetan monks, prison inmates, and graduate school researchers.
Ryoko Matsumoto
Tinkering Studio Learning Designer
I was first introduced to the world of informal learning as a project member of CAMP (Children's Art Museum and Park) in Kyoto, Japan. At CAMP, where children discover means of self-expression through making things, I served as a facilitator, activity planner, co-teacher at collaborating schools and universities, and liaison with similar institutions overseas. Watching children deeply engage with technologies and crafting materials gave me the strong belief that learning should take the form of outputs instead of inputs. I joined the Exploratorium as a volunteer in 2009, and am constantly impressed and amazed at the tinkering culture in the Learning Studio. What interests me most in tinkering is finding the gap between the expected and the unexpected, and trying to make things work.
Sebastian Martin
Senior Project Specialist
I grew up in a small town in Southern Germany with a rich tradition in toy making. Tinkering and playing in our Learning Studio takes me back to the great times I had as a kid, inventing toys and games in my granddad's toy workshop. In the 15 years between my early tinkering days and my arrival at the Learning Studio, I studied earthquakes in the Chilean Andes, satellite imaging in the boreal forests of Ontario, and Physics and Math in Erlangen, Germany. Throughout my studies and travels I became more and more fascinated with the creative and playful aspects of the natural sciences. When I came to San Francisco in 2005, I found a happy symbiosis between teaching, experimenting, and making things at the Exploratorium.
Stephanie Muscat
Museum Educator (Tinkering Specialist)
I think there's magic in the moment when a person first approaches a new idea, tool, or technology. I'm always looking for ways to support that move from the scary vulnerability of not-yet-knowing to fearless exploration. I've tried to tackle questions of how we learn about the world on personal and planetary scales, from (figuratively) peeking into little minds through early childhood cognition research to working for a nanosatellite startup that gazed at the earth from above. During my MFA program in digital + media, I spent a lot of time exploring how we arrive at truth: how do we move from observation to understanding? As an Educator and Tinkering Specialist at the Tinkering Studio, I get to work on activities, environments, and materials that support learners of all ages in overcoming the barrier of trepidation to tackle something new.
History & Inspiration
"We learn more by looking for the answer to a question and not finding it than we do from learning the answer itself."
The Tinkering Studio is the latest incarnation of a project that started in the year 2000 called the PIE (Playful and Inventive Explorations) Network, where MIT, the Exploratorium, and several other museums began to experiment with science and art activities using the Cricket (a small programmable device) and other new digital technologies. The PIE Network resulted in a number of innovative educational activities combining science, art, and technology.
In 2003, the Exploratorium led a new approach to professional development through the PIE Institute, which continued the work of the PIE Network by sharing PIE ideas with a larger audience of educators from museums and other kinds of informal learning environments.
In 2009, the Exploratorium started prototyping a new space on the exhibition floor called the Tinkering Studio to bring these activities to the general public.
Current Partners:
Funded by the Children and Youth Fund
Leping Social Entrepreneurial Foundation
California Department of Education – Early Learning and Care Division
Lifelong Kindergarten Group
Past Sponsors and Funding Partners include:
The LEGO Foundation
Fondazione Reggio Children
Overdeck Family Foundation
Institute of Museum and Library Services
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
S.D. Bechtel, Jr Foundation
Intel Foundation
The Noyce Foundation
The MetLife Foundation
Our External Collaborators include:
Brightworks, Lighthouse Community Charter School, Cabaret Mechanical Theatre, Computer Clubhouse Network, Learning Technologies Center (SMM), MAKE Magazine, MIT Media Lab, TechShop, Pixar Animation Studios, The ARK (Dublin Ireland), The Innovative Teacher Project.
The Tinkering Studio is located inside the Exploratorium, the museum of science, art and human perception.
© 2021 Exploratorium


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Five MSF Staff Held in Syria Released
View Photo Robin Meldrum/MSF
In the ER section of an MSF hospital in Syria.
Robin Meldrum/MSF
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND—The international medical humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) today confirmed that five of its staff members held in Syria have been safely released. The organization strongly condemns this abduction, which has forced the permanent closure of one of its hospitals and two health centers in the Jabal Akkrad region in northwestern Syria.
On January 2, 2014, five MSF staff members were taken by an armed group in northern Syria, where they were working in an MSF-run hospital to provide essential healthcare to people affected by the conflict. Three of the staff members were released on April 4. Two returned on May 14 and are on their way to be reunited with their families.
"The relief of seeing our colleagues return safely is mixed with anger in the face of this cynical act that has cut off an already war ravaged population from desperately needed assistance," said Joanne Liu, MSF international president. "The direct consequence of taking humanitarian staff is a reduction in lifesaving aid. The long-term victims of this abduction are the Syrian population. Some 150,000 people in the Jabal Akkrad region are now deprived of MSF's medical care, while living in a war zone."
In 2013, MSF medical staff in the now-closed facilities performed 521 surgical operations, many for trauma wounds, 36,294 medical consultations, and safe hospital deliveries for more than 400 mothers.
Across northern Syria, where MSF continues to operate other medical facilities, security constraints have made it extremely challenging to provide assistance. Medical facilities have been attacked and bombed, and health workers killed or threatened by armed groups. Elsewhere in Syria, denial of official access and insecurity have blocked MSF from setting up medical activities.
"This incident is representative of the complete disregard shown toward civilians throughout Syria today," said Liu. "While millions of Syrians need assistance for their survival, the very idea of an independent humanitarian presence is rejected among some of the armed parties to the war. We should be running some of the largest medical programs in MSF's 40-year history, in line with the massive needs of the Syrian people. But in the current environment our capacity to respond is painfully limited."
MSF would like to thank everyone for the support and solidarity shown to our colleagues and their families, and it is grateful to the media for its understanding during these difficult months. We ask the public and the media to maintain the same consideration now that our colleagues have returned.
Out of respect for the privacy of the five individuals, MSF is neither disclosing their identities nor commenting further on the circumstances of their captivity or release.
Since June 2012, MSF has been operating makeshift hospitals and health centers across northern Syria. These facilities have provided more than 7,000 surgeries, 53,000 emergency room interventions, 88,000 out-patient consultations, and more than 2,000 safe deliveries. A network of 50 hospitals and 80 health centers run by Syrian medical networks is supported across seven governorates. In Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon, MSF operates large programs providing medical assistance to Syrian refugees, where nearly 400,000 consultations have been provided.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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2024 Olympics: 'Time is right' for cricket bid – ICC chief Dave Richardson
The "time is right" for cricket to apply for a place at the Olympics, according to International Cricket Council chief Dave Richardson.
Cricket has not been played at the Summer Games since Great Britain beat France to win gold in 1900.
But the ICC believes an Olympic Twenty20 tournament is the key to growing the game.
"I think the majority of the members – and certainly myself – think the time is right," said Richardson.
"We've come to the conclusion that the overall benefit to the game, in terms of globalising and growing it, outweighs any negatives.
"We need to make a decision by July so we can make an application in time for September, when, as I understand it, the (International Olympic Committee) will consider new sports for 2024."(BBC,2017).
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Q: How to show that graph of a continuous function on an interval is pathwise-connected.
Can anybody help me in solving this problem.
Thanks.
My attempt:
Define $g:I \rightarrow \mathbb R^2$ as $g(t)=(t,f(t))$, then $g$ is continuous as all its components are continuous. Since $I$ is compact and connected then the image of $g$ must also be compact and connected and the image of $g$ in $\mathbb R^2$ is exactly the graph of $f$.
But I got connectedness, how to move to pathwise-connectedness.
Is this the right approach?
Definition I am using
Pathwise connectedness: A set is said to be path connected if for any two points in the set there is a path in the set joining those two points.
Path: Continuous function from $[0,1]\rightarrow A$  where $f(0)=x$and $f(1)=y$ is a path from x to y.

A: It is sufficient to show that we can define a continuous path connecting any two points in $G$. Let two distinct points $p,q\in G$ be given. Here, $p=(p_x, f(p_x))$ and $q=(q_x,f(q_x))$ for appropriately chosen points $p_x,q_x\in I$. Assume without loss of generality that $p_x<q_x,$ then consider the closed interval $[p_x,q_x]$.
We know that there is a continuous function $\phi: I\to [p_x,q_x].$ Now define a function $F$ using the restriction of $f$ to $[p_x,q_x]\subseteq I$.
$$ F:[p_x,q_x]\mapsto G$$
$$F(x)=(x,f(x)).$$
$F$ maps $[p_x,q_x]$ continuously onto a path $[p,q]\in G.$ This follows from continuity of $f$. Moreover, $F(p_x)=(p_x,f(p_x))$ and $F(q_x)=(q_x,f(q_x)).$ Finally, define the composition of functions
$$ F\circ\phi: I\to G.$$
$F$ and $\phi$ are both continuous so their composition is continuous. Their composition maps $I$ to a continuous path in $G$, such that the beginning and end points are any two points in $G$ that you wish. Thus, every two points can be connected by a path and $G$ is path connected.
$G$ is convex if and only if the graph of the function is a straight line.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Like many developers I am using Twitter Boostrap for my Web applications. Using this framework has been very helpful for me, since I am really not a good HTML/CSS developer. For now, on my site Resultri I am using the default look and feel, will customize it later.
override the style of the img tag for the div that contains your map.
Last week I was invited to present eXo Cloud IDE during the SAP Cloud Inside. This SAP Community event was a great opportunity to discuss about the cloud with an interesting point of view: the impact of the cloud for SAP customers (especially administrators and developers).
During this presentation I have introduced the eXo Cloud IDE, and I did a demonstration in which O have built and deployed applications : Open Social Gadgets, Ruby on Rails and Java/Spring, and explain how it could be extended to SAP business services.
Remember that you can register yourself to the eXo Cloud IDE Service and start develop application from your browser.
eXo Platform 3.5 provides many extension points and API for developers, allowing them to create very cool stuff.
I have developed a small extension that allows any user to associate his Twitter account to his eXo Platform account. This extension simply post on your Twitter account when you write a message with a special hashtag (#tw).
This is a very quick development that I have done while waiting for my kids, so I still have things to integrate to provide complete feature, but this is a good example to show how you can extend the platform.
You can download the source code and the binaries from this GitHub project. I hope to find some time to complete the feature, and document this use case.
How to Watch YouTube Videos Offline (on OS X)?
Enolsoft Free YouTube Downloader HD : this software allows you to download easily the YouTube FLV on your hard drive.
VLC Media Player : to play the FLV file locally.
I won't go in too much detail about the benefits of using a distributed cache in your applications, but let's at least provide some use cases for applications that are running in the context of an enterprise portal, eXo Platform in my case - surprising isn't? And I will show this in another post.
A portal is used to aggregate data in a single page. These data could come from different sources : Web Services, Database, ERP, ….. and accessing the data in real time could be costly. So it will be quite interesting to cache the result of the call when possible.
If the portal is used to aggregate many data from many sources, it is sometime necessary to jump into another application to continue some operation. A distributed and shared cache could be used to manage some context between different applications running in different processes (JVM or even technologies) These are two example where a shared cache could be interesting for your portal based applications, we can find many other reason.
Note that the Portlet API (JSR-286) contains already a cache mechanism that cache the HTML fragment, and that eXo Platform also provide a low level cache, based on JBoss Cache.
Last week I have been struggling with a small issue while developing a service using Jersey.
As you can see brackets […] are missing around the employee item. This is an issue since your client code is expecting an array.
eXo Platform provide many powerful features to manipulate and expose any type of content on a page. This is due to the fact that eXo stores the all the content in its Java Content Repository (JCR) and render the content on a page using Groovy Templates.
In this how to you will learn how you can create and use template that are used in the "Content List" portlet. For example in the ACME sample site you can show the content in 1 or 2 columns just by selecting different templates.
In this section you will learn how to create a new template using the eXo IDE. Before writing the new template it is important to learn where the templates are stored.
Like many things inside eXo Platform, the eXo JCR is used to stored the templates. Templates are just a special type of content. This allows developers to easily write and test code without having complex deployment process, but also it make the life easy to export a running configuration to another one. For this you just need to use the standard JCR export/import features.
All the template and eXo Content Service configurations are stored inside a specific JCR workspace named : dms-system.
4- List all the templates using the ls command You can see the list of all the templates available for the Content List portlet.
Let's now create a new template using the IDE. For this be sure you are connected with a user that is part of the /Developer group. For simplicity reason I am using the root user.
1- Access the IDE: click on My Spaces > IDE.
2- Switch dms-system workspace: In the IDE menu click My Spaces >on Window > Select Workspace. And select the dms-system location in the dialog box and click OK.
9- Switch to Edit more by selecting Edit in the top right drop down list.
11- In the list of templates, select the "MyNewTemplate", and click save.
We have created our new template, and use it on a page. We should now add some more interesting code to the template to really loop over the content based on the portlet configuration. But before this it is important to talk about caching and code modification.
I do use JConsole for this, but you can use any method to call your MBeans operation.
Do not forget to call this operation each time you modify your template to be sure eXo recompile the template.
The current code of the template is really simple, you need now to add code to print the content in the page. For this we will be using some eXo Content programming, once again in the IDE.
If you are not interested to have detailed explanation of the code you can go to the complete source code here.
Now that the template has all the preferences, it is time to loop on the content on print the information.
Just copy this code in your template, save it, refresh the cache… and go to your page. You should see the list of the content in a simple HTML list.
One important point is the fact that these methods are responsible of many things, for example: formatting dates, returning complete URLs depending of the context of the portlet.
For simplicity reason, this code does not manage any null value. Also the template do not deal with the portlet preferences such as the "Header", "RSS" links and so on, do not hesitate to do it if you want.
The lines 15 and 19 are new in this template and provide support for Quick Edit feature.
Done! We have created a new template for eXo Platform Content Service using embedded IDE.
In lines 7 and 8, I import the classes needed to inject the security context in the method getSystemInfo() in line 16. For now let's forget about the other part of the code.
It is important here to remember that we cannot directly use the isUserInRole() method since this method uses the logical JavaEE roles that are defined at the Java application level. In our case we are interested to know if a user is present in a "eXo User Identity" Group, for example member of the /platform/administrators group. This information is populated during the login process and comes from the user provider that could be LDAP, the eXo Database or JCR, or any other source since developers can extend this API to plug their own provider.
Let's create an helper method that check, using the eXo Identity Service, if the user that executes the method is present in a group.
Line 26 : Initialization of a simple ResponseWrapper defined on line 51, that contains a status and data. That will be serialized in JSON by the eXo REST engine.* Line 28 : the method check if a user is connected and member of /platform/administrator. If not it send response with the status NO-ALLOWED.
Yesterday, eXo has launched a new cloud based service: the eXo Cloud IDE. This IDE is an online service that facilitates the development of gadgets and mashups that could be deployed directly to a PaaS.
Before launching this service on the Cloud we, eXo team and customers, have used the IDE embedded in the eXo Platform to extend our intranet and customer deployments (some of the modules that we have developed live on our intranet are available as plugins on the eXo Resource Center).
This IDE is the last mile between the users and the developers. It provides a way to add new services asked by business users at a lower cost with a good time to market. And all this based on standards that corporate and Web developers like : REST Services using JAX-RS and UI based on OpenSocial gadgets in which you can leverage all the cool and powerful features of HTML5.


Alissia Marciano's creative journey has lead her through many adventures across the globe from New York, Paris, Vancouver, and Toronto to L.A. Having spent over a decade in the film and fashion industries, Alissia felt a shift from within. A shift that pulled her towards harmonizing mind, body and spirit through the practice of yoga and dance.
Her passion for the great outdoors coupled with her background as a dancer led her to surfing in Fiji, backpacking the Inca trail in Peru, and ultimately Yoga. After 7 years in Venice Beach, California, she found her dream Yoga/Surf bungalow, nestled within the woods of Topanga Canyon.
With over 10 years of yoga experience, her vibrant personality, keen aesthetic, and creative lifestyle inspires Alissia's unique teaching style.
'Beach Yoga with Alissia' is a lifestyle focused on health, wellness, and self-care through the practice of yoga and meditation in the mountains, parks and beaches of the greater Los Angeles area. Join other locals and traveling outdoor enthusiasts to connect with nature in Venice, Santa Monica, Pacific Palisades, Topanga, and Malibu.
Alissia's outdoor yoga sessions focus on various techniques to allow one to become more present and self-fulfilled. Her transformative teaching style and personality will guide and motivate to expand personal potential. Break a sweat in a vinyasa inspired flow or chill out while focusing on breath and alignment while improving individual practice.
Come and join her on the beach, in nature or in the studio and experience a connection and exploration of the mind, heart, body, soul and elements.


After a brief retreat from the limelight—to give birth to her first child—next week, Anne Hathaway will once again put on her bleached-white wig and return to the big screen with Alice Through the Looking Glass. On the occasion of the new mom's latest fairy-tale revamp, here, five things you probably didn't know about Anne Hathaway.
4. While Hathaway has starred in many popular films of the past decade, she actually turned down a starring role in Judd Apatow's comedy Knocked Up. Why? Because she was reportedly uncomfortable with the film's explicit birthing scene. "My issue with it was that having not experienced motherhood myself, I didn't know how I was [going to] feel on the other side about giving birth," she said in 2012, adding, "I could pop a kid out and think, Oh, well, I really should have done that movie." The role ended up going to Katherine Heigl.


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Barnaby Joyce auctions lump of coal – in a glass jar – at Nationals dinner
Barnaby Joyce auctions lump of coal – and a "start Adani" t-shirt worn by his good mate Matt Canavan – at Nationals dinner.
Giles Parkinson Posted on 29 November 2019 29 November 2019 16 Comments
It seems the Coalition events aren't really events unless there is a lump of coal involved. First there was then treasurer and now prime minister Scott Morrison waving his lump of coal around parliament, telling Labor and the Greens and the Australian population not to be scared.
Then there was the Victoria Liberal party fund-raiser where the presentation of another lump of coal to Morrison so outraged then Liberal party member and former Clean Energy Finance Corp boss Oliver Yates that he was ejected from the event, and subsequently quit the party and stood as an independent against current treasurer Josh Frydenberg in the last election.
Now it has emerged that Barnaby Joyce, the former National Party leader and deputy prime minister who delighted in handling Morrison's lump of coal in parliament two years ago, has been at it again – auctioning a lump of coal at the executive dinner held at the conclusion of the Nationals Federal Council conference in Canberra in September.
Unlike Morrison's lump of coal, which had been thoughtfully lacquered by its supplier, the Minerals Council of Australia (whose CEO has since joined Morrison's staff), Joyce's lump of coal was not clean, and likely to negatively impact anyone who handled it, so it was placed into a glass jar.
As our source observed: "It just shows that they are not completely stupid."
The lump of coal was auctioned – on September 14 at the Old Parliament House – as part of a job lot along with a "start Adani" t-shirt that had apparently been worn by resources minister Matt Canavan, who likes to describe himself as "Mr Coal from Australia," and who is a former chief of staff for Joyce.
We are informed the auction generated great interest and went to an unidentified bidder at around $800. The proceeds were destined for the Young Nationals. We're pretty sure the winning bidder won't get the money back on the open market, as coal is now selling for around $60/tonne.
Our informant was horrified by the events. It wasn't just the discussions about coal and climate that dominated proceedings. "It was like being back in the 1970s," our informant observed. "They are on a completely different planet."
Sadly not. They are very much on this planet, in Australia, and in government.
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Dale 2 weeks ago
I wonder what his grandchildren will think of him when they are starting to deal with a world that is 2 – 3 degrees hotter than it is now…
Ren Stimpy 2 weeks ago
Last I heard the Young Nationals want real climate action. They should start by tearing up that cheque and throwing it right back at Barnaby the beer bellied bonehead.
lin 2 weeks ago
And these fuckwits think they are the smartest guys in the room. Delusion runs strong in them. It's a national embarrassment that the Australian public choose to elect such fools to represent them in parliament.
KiwiInOz 2 weeks ago
Why do they hate farmers and Australian agriculture so much?
George Darroch 2 weeks ago
Because farmers and Australian agriculture hate themselves so much, and vote these morons into power religiously.
Marcus 2 weeks ago
It just goes to show how tribal this whole issue is to them. Even privately, at a party, coal is just a symbol of defiance of the other "tribe". No thoughts beyond striking points against political enemies. The physical, apolitical world really doesn't seem to exist for them. I can't even imagine being so small minded.
JackD 2 weeks ago
Well, small minds abound in vast quantities, my friends. Many of these small minds even think the Nationals are waaaay too far to the Left and find solace in voting for something a little lot more to the Right..
Joe 2 weeks ago
So here it comes, the run of The Beetrooter to return as Leader of the National Party.with Matteo Coalavan as the Deputy Leader…"in Coal we trust".
Seriously...? 2 weeks ago
Well that's one way to keep the coal market ticking over…by the way, what happened to that Adani coal mine?
Chris Fraser 2 weeks ago
Couldn't think of a more boring night. Nah, Frozen 2 is on just down the road in Civic.
One sentence – What a bunch of Wankers!!!
Nuff said, really.
Captain Pugwash 2 weeks ago
Let's give residents in Kingaroy and surrounds really really cheap electricity. Let me explain the concept.
When I see others having a rant ( yes, I rant a lot myself) I notice how unhelpful it can be. Maybe I am a contrarian, but……how do we make this discussion useful.
Barnaby and company are one perspective on the world. I am not from a coal region, but I imagine their arguments make sense to them and can be "rationalised". Coal has been and is a big export earner and has been for a long time. Its a known entity, it's jobs for a local community, it's how they define themselves ( hard working coal mining community). Climate change can be rationalised away, "it's natural variation" etc. City folks and university scientists are "not us" and they are telling us what to do.
Maybe what we should be striving for is a rational inclusive discussion and initiatives for the more pragmatic elements in those communities.
The biggest challenge is that we had generations to fix this, now we have about 10 years and even Labor have largely lost the plot. Queensland labor seems to be returning to a "for the worker" narrative and green issues, while not forgotten, takes a back seat.
We can't afford to put the output of Adani into the atmosphere, regardless of how many wind farms we build in Queensland.
So what do we do? How about we acknowledge Barnaby exists but focus on green initiatives and industry for coal and rural regions. Let's see how the green benefits can flow to those communities, even if we pay a bit more in cities. Maybe local regional residents get electricity at 2c a kWh when the wind blows in Kingaroy, home of the new Coopers gap wind farm. It's their land providing the infrastructure after all. Can we look at this model elsewhere. Let's look at how it might work rather than bogging down on the barriers.
Let's bring as many people along on this journey as we can.
trackdaze 2 weeks ago
How about Global Coal use will be down 3% in 2019 with India double that. Coal price has tanked.
Risque Fiasco 2 weeks ago
The simpleminded coal adoring followers of Christensen and Canarvon will never see sense; the only way to shut down this monstrosity that is Adani; is to refuse it ALL and EVERY incentive, without taxpayer dollars this project is doomed.
Miles Harding 2 weeks ago
He had to tip his brain out of the jar to put the coal in.
If we all shut up about funding old aged homes, we can be rid of 80% the Nationals and Liberal support base in just a couple more years….


Our Recording Department files all official documents that prove ownership or interest in real or personal property.
are "Filed for Recording" while other documents are simply filed and not recorded.
judgments. Many, but not all, of these instruments deal with the conveyance of ownership interests in real property.
Cemetery Deeds, Trustee's Deed, Foreclosures, Judgments, Subdivision Plats, and Financing Statements.
Texas Alcohol and Beverage Commission's web site.
or a statement of abandonment of use of an assumed name for a registrant who is a military veteran.


Irs response form cooperative irs letter redacted 2 You can save this for your portable, mini netbook or desktop computer and a gallery with multiple Irs response form cooperative irs letter redacted 2 to help you. Irs response form irs letter page format.
This 1280 x 1656 Form Samples, image over the Irs response form cooperative irs letter redacted 2 thefaultless.info!..
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text:
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MarComm Celebrates
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Home»Archives»People
Agency krow London has installed a new management line-up
By newsroom on January 19, 2021 Agency, Latest, People
krow promotes Annie Fox to ECD, Aileen Ross to Group Head of Strategy and Matt Watts to Group Head of Planning in new management line-up that also includes Darryl George as Deputy ECD
Agency krow London has installed a new management line-up, promoting the former Deputy ECD Annie Fox to ECD and ex-Planning Director Matt Watts to Group Head of Planning. The move also sees Aileen Ross, the agency's multi-award-winning Planning Director – who has been the lead planner on the DFS business for eight years – promoted […]
Phenomenon Acquires Detroit-Based Growth Marketing Expert, Marketing Supply Co.
By newsroom on January 19, 2021 Agency, Latest, Marketing, People
Acquisition gives full-service independent branding and marketing agency a strong presence in the Midwest market
Phenomenon, the independent full-service branding and marketing agency, has acquired Marketing Supply Co., the Detroit-based, data-driven growth marketing company, to expand its expertise in the digital and growth marketing fields. The merger creates an agency with a full portfolio of services, ranging from strategy, branding, design and advertising to the pinpoint, digital targeting of consumers across online […]
John Treacy joins MRM UK as ECD
Move follows recent promotion of Nicky Bullard to European Chairwoman
MRM UK announced today that John Treacy has joined as Executive Creative Director. Commenting on this appointment Nicky Bullard, recently promoted to Chairwoman, MRM Europe in addition to her ongoing role as Chairwoman and Chief Creative Officer MRM UK, said, "What a way to start 2021, off the back of being the most awarded UK agency at the DMAs, we snag JT, one […]
cinch appoints new Chief Customer Officer to propel digital growth
By newsroom on January 19, 2021 Latest, Marketing, People
cinch, one of the UK's fastest-growing online car-selling platforms, is very pleased to announce the appointment of Robert Bridge as their Chief Customer Officer. Robert brings over 20 years of digital experience having held leadership roles at Yahoo, The Telegraph and Childs Farm. At cinch he will be focused on cinch's marketing and customer experience […]
Serviceplan Group Pushes the Establishment of 'House of Communication" in France Under the New Leadership of Carole Giroud
Serviceplan Group, Europe's leading independent communication group, announces the appointment of Carole Giroud as the Managing Director of its French "House of Communication". The "House of Communication" is the home of the core Serviceplan Group brands; Serviceplan, Mediaplus, Plan.Net and Solutions. The goal is to further build up and establish the highly integrated offering of […]
Lucky Generals promotes Cressida Holmes-Smith to Managing Director
Lucky Generals has promoted its joint-head of account management and Co-op lead Cressida Holmes-Smith to the position of Managing Director as it begins bringing through its next generation of leadership. Cressida has been with the agency for three years. In that time she has not only bedded in the complex Co-op account but also grown […]
Ebiquity Plc appoints Paul Williamson as Managing Director of its North America business
By newsroom on January 14, 2021 Advertising, Latest, Media, People
Today, Ebiquity plc world leaders in media investment analysis, announces the appointment of Paul Williamson as Managing Director of its North America business. Headquartered in New York, Paul will report to Nick Waters, CEO, and will join Ebiquity's executive leadership team. Paul brings a stellar track record in global trading, investment, business strategy and growth […]
Publicis Groupe BeNe welcomes creative leader Eduardo Marques
Today Publicis Groupe BeNe announced the appointment of Eduardo Marques as Chief Creative Officer.
Eduardo, a Brazilian who has experience across international markets including US and Europe, has won 40 Cannes Lions, including 3 Grands Prix and a Titanium Lion. He has also won Black Pencils at D&AD and The One Show, during his time at 180 Los Angeles and Publicis Spain. Marques will divide his time between Netherlands and Belgium and will join […]
Wunderman Thompson UK strengthens data offering with the hire of Steve Richards as Data Partner
Starting the new year with new talent, Wunderman Thompson welcomes Steve Richards as UK Data Partner. Steve joins from Dentsu Data Labs, where he held the role of Managing Director of Data, Consultancy and Solutions, overseeing a team of 30 across Carat, Vizeum, iProspect and DentsuX. Responsible for supporting UK and global clients with data […]
McCann Worldgroup Strengthens Global Creative Production Capabilities
Sergio Lopez elevated to Chief Production Officer, UK & EMEA & Regional CEO Craft UK & EMEA Sophie Chapman-Andrews promoted to Head of Integrated Production Craft UK Tanya Bogin promoted to Managing Director, Craft London
McCann Worldgroup today announced the promotion of Sergio Lopez to the newly created role of Chief Production Officer, UK & EMEA as well as CEO of its production arm CRAFT UK & EMEA, joining the Global Craft Leadership team. In this capacity, he will oversee McCann Wordgroup's integrated production capabilities across its agencies throughout the region. In addition the group announced the promotions […]
Gartner Survey Shows 73% of CMOs Will Fall Back on Low Risk, Low Return Strategies for 2021
Mr B & Friends turns up the WOW for Sparkol
© 2021, ↑ Marketing Communication News


In small bowl combine all the ingredients for the Southwest Butter and blend well. Place the butter onto the narrow end of a long piece of plastic wrap and form a log shaped roll. Roll into an evenly shaped log with the remaining plastic wrap and refrigerate until solid. After the butter has firmed, unroll the plastic and cut into 12 even discs of butter, reserving six for serving. Use 1 pat of melted butter per steak and brush onto each side of the steaks.
While the grill is heating, rub the blackened steak seasoning onto both sides of the steak. Grill 4 to 6 inches over hot coals and cook until desired doneness, about 8 to 12 minutes turning once.
To serve, place the hot steaks onto serving plates and put one pat of the reserved Southwest Butter on the center of each steak to melt. Serve immediately.


text:
package javasmmr.zoowsome.models.animals;

import static javasmmr.zoowsome.repositories.AnimalRepository.createNode;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventWriter;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import javasmmr.zoowsome.Constants;

public class Monkey extends Mammal {
	public Monkey(double cost, double danger) {
		super(cost, danger);
		setNrOfLegs(4);
		setName("monkey");
		setPercBodyHair(99);
		setNormalBodyTemp(37);

	}

	public Monkey() {
		super(6.1, 0.4);
		setNrOfLegs(4);
		setName("monkey");
		setPercBodyHair(99);
		setNormalBodyTemp(37);

	}

	public Monkey(int nrOfLegs, String name, double cost, double danger, float bodyTemp, float bodyHair) {
		super(nrOfLegs, name, cost, danger, bodyTemp, bodyHair);
	}

	public void encodeToXml(XMLEventWriter eventWriter) throws XMLStreamException {
		super.encodeToXml(eventWriter);
		createNode(eventWriter, Constants.XML_TAGS.DISCRIMINANT, Constants.Animals.Mammals.Monkey);
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Courses > Writing / Illustration
How to Freelance & Article Writing
By Felix Cheong
19 June 2009 (Fri)
Imagination Room, Level 5
National Library Building
100 Victoria Street, Singapore 188064
Learn effective methods for selling magazine and newspaper articles, and how to craft compelling feature articles from a professional freelancer and writer.
Many writers make a living by selling articles to magazines and newspapers on a freelance basis. The trick is to generate saleable ideas and match them to the right publications. In particular, you must know exactly which publications are appropriate for which ideas. Topics include:
Overview of the magazine/newspaper market
How to generate saleable ideas
How to write great query letters
How to scope out magazines and newspapers
Effective ways to make contact
How to send your materials
Feature articles abound in magazines and newspapers, and they can even grow into books. Article writing combines the reporter's hunt for a story with a storyteller's flair. In our course, you will learn:
Learn journalistic techniques as angles, research, interviewing, as well as craft elements such as description, structure, character, and voice.
Types of features
How to write articles that grab a reader's attention.
About the Trainer: Felix Cheong
Felix Cheong, completed his Master of Philosophy in Creative Writing at the University of Queensland in 2002 and is currently an adjunct lecturer with Murdoch University, University of Newcastle, University of Western Australia, Temasek Polytechnic and LASALLE College of the Arts.
Author of nine books, including four collections of poetry, two teen detective novels, The Call from Crying House (2006), and the sequel, Woman in the Last Carriage (2007), and Vanishing Point, which was long-listed for the prestigious Frank O'Connor last year. His latest book is Singapore Siu Dai, a collection of humorous flash fiction. The sequel, Singapore Siu Dai 2, will be launched in September.
He received the National Arts Council's Young Artist of the Year for Literature Award in 2000 and was nominated for the Singapore Literature Prize in 2004.
Flash fiction writing (2014)
Building your students' strengths in narrative writing (2014)
Build Your Student's Strengths in Narrative Writing (2013)
Freelancing as a Features Writer (2013)
Strategies for Teaching Narrative Writing (2012)
Other Upcoming Writing / Illustration Courses:
Triumphant: Developing a Short Memoir about Overcoming the Odds


text:
'use strict';

var LoremLinkinApp = angular.module('LoremLinkinApp', [
  'ngCookies',
  'ngAnimate',
  'ngSanitize',
  'LoremLinkinControllers',
  'LoremLinkinServices',
  'xeditable'
]).config(function($httpProvider) {
    $httpProvider.defaults.headers.common['X-Requested-With'] = 'XMLHttpRequest';
});;

LoremLinkinApp.run(function($rootScope, $http, $cookies) {
    $http.defaults.headers.common['X-CSRFToken'] = $cookies['csrftoken'];
});


Remember the Travel Story, "My First Time Traveling Solo"? That life changing trip was to the northernmost Hawaiian island, Kauai. If you've ever been interested in visiting Hawaii, I highly recommend this island.
©2018.The Soul Flight.All Rights Reserved.


The research in the Master in modeling, and Computational Science is supported by two research groups from Department of Basic science: the group of Modeling ERATHOSTENES and the group SUMMA.
The group of modeling ERATHOSTENES supports the master from its research lines in: Theory of Forms and Matrix Variate Distribution, Interval-valued Optimization and optimization under uncertainty; Modeling and Computational Science of astrophysic plasmas; Technique of Multivariate Analysis and Theory of Copulas.
The group SUMMA supports the master from its research lines in Applied Mathematics and Applied Physic. At last, the group CYGO from Faculty of Economic Sciences and administration will support the Modeling business line.


The Community Trigger is an integral part of the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014 which became law in October 2014, see Legislation.gov.uk - ASB Crime & Policing Act 2014.
Its purpose is to give victims and communities the right to request a review of their case and to bring agencies together to take a joined up, problem-solving approach to find a solution. In other words if people don't feel that their complaints about anti social behaviour have been dealt with satisfactorily they can request a review of the case.
The relevant bodies and responsible authorities are councils, police, clinical commissioning groups and registered providers of social housing.
In order to request such a review a threshold will have been set by the relevant bodies. In East and Mid Devon the Community Safety Partnership and both East and Mid Devon District Councils have agreed that the threshold should be three complaints about the behaviour in a 6 month period. Each complaint has to be made within one month from when the anti-social behaviour is alleged to have occurred.
In order to monitor the number of activations of the Community Trigger in this area Devon and Cornwall Police have agreed that members of the public can request a case review by dialling the non emergency telephone number 101.
What will happen if such a request is made?
It will be emailed by the Police Call Handling Centre to the Anti-social Behaviour (ASB) Officer for the relevant district.
Within 3 working days the ASB Officer will contact the complainant by email, phone or letter and acknowledge receipt of the request. A request will be sent at this time to the various agencies involved in the case asking for information relating to incidents etc.
Within 7 further working days the ASB Officer will have received all the information from the agencies involved and will consult with representatives from the responsible authorities to decide if the threshold has been met and also ensure that it has not been activated for any vexatious reason. Whatever the outcome the complainant will be notified by the ASB Officer.
Within 10 further working days and if the threshold has been met, a case review will take place and where necessary an action plan will be devised to deal with the issue.
Within 1 further working day the complainant will be contacted and the action plan discussed. If that person is still not satisfied they will be advised to contact the office of the Police and Crime Commissioner for the area who will be the final arbiter in the process.
It should be noted that on most occasions if the threshold has been met and a case conference held then further action to tackle the issues will take place. However, there will be some occasions when all the agencies involved will agree that everything that can and should be done has been. If the Complainant is not satisfied they can appeal as stated above to the Police and Crime Commissioner.


Here are just a few featured listings in metro Savannah, GA and coastal Bluffton, S.C.
Please use the hand tool to navigate the map by clicking and dragging, the grid on the left to adjust your level of zoom, and the buttons in the top right to toggle between map view, satellite imagery view, and hybrid view. Click on any listing to view photos and listing details.
"Home" isn't just a house, it's where you live.
The neighborhood around your home can be as important as the number of bedrooms. That's where Savannah and Beaufort Multi-List Services (MLS) comes in. Find a home that's close to a school, golf course, hospital, river, and the Atlantic Ocean.
And if you find a home or homes you like, please let me know the MLS listing number such as 596xx, and I will e-mail or fax you the full stats on it. If you're coming back or just information gathering, just SCROLL to the bottom to start your search!
I look forward to hearing from you! You can call or text me at (912)441-3199 or you can e-mail me at rshearouse@landmark24.com.
I will never release, sell or give any information you provide to any other party or organization. You will only receive requested information or updates.


text:
Grebenstein

Stadtbefestigung
Der Mauerzug der Stadtbefestigung um die Alt- und Neustadt ist zu großen Teilen erhalten. Die Mauerstärke beträgt 1,40 m, die Höhe variiert zwischen 3 m und 6 m. Zunächst wurde die Oberstadt (Altstadt) um 1300 befestigt. Zwischen 1356 und 1370 erhielt die Unterstadt (Neustadt) einen Ummauerung.
Es gab folgende Stadttore:
 Obertor, an der Westseite der Oberstadt, ehemals aus innerem und äußerem Tor bestehend, abgebrochen
 Geismarer Tor, an der Nordseite der Oberstadt, 1800 abgebrochen, zwei Pfeiler markieren die Stelle an der einst das Tor stand
 Niedertor, an der Ostseite der Oberstadt, ehemals aus innerem und äußerem Tor bestehend, abgebrochen
 Immenhäusertor, an der Ostseite der Unterstadt, abgebrochen
 Burgtor, an der Südseite der Unterstadt, spitzbogiger Mauerdurchgang neben dem Burgtorturm
 Schachtener Tor, an der Westseite der Unterstadt, abgebrochen

Vor den 12 Türmen sind folgende erhalten:
 Jungfernturm, um 1300, 40 m hoher Rundturm
 Lindenturm, Rundturm an der Nordwestecke der Oberstadt
 Viereckturm
 Schinderturm, breit gelagerter niedriger Rundturm an der Nordostecke der Oberstadt
 Pulverturm, hoher Rundturm, an der Ostseite der Oberstadt
 Burgtorturm, hoher Rundturm, an der Südseite der Unterstadt
 Eulenturm, hoher Rundturm, an der Westseite der Oberstadt
 Hiltenturm, Turmrest in der Unterstadt

Gesamtanlage Oberstadt

|}

Gesamtanlage Unterstadt

|}

Außerhalb der Gesamtanlagen

|}

Schachten

|}

Udenhausen

|}

Burguffeln

|}

Literatur

Fußnoten

Weblinks

Grebenstein

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Bitwa o Dublin (ang. Battle of Dublin, irl. Cath Bhaile Átha Cliath) – tygodniowe, ciężkie walki o Dublin, trwające od 28 czerwca do 5 lipca 1922, wyznaczające początek irlandzkiej wojny domowej.

Zdarzenia poprzedzające
14 kwietnia 1922 około 200 przeciwnych porozumieniu z Wielką Brytanią członków IRA, pod przywództwem Rory'ego O'Connora opanowało budynek Four Courts w Dublinie. Chcieli oni wywołać nową konfrontację z Brytyjczykami i zmusić ich do rewizji traktatu brytyjsko-irlandzkiego i doprowadzić do wyzwolenia Północnej Irlandii. W tym czasie w Dublinie stacjonowały liczne oddziały brytyjskie, oczekujące, zgodnie z ustaleniami, na ewakuację. Obawiając się, że sytuacja może sprowokować Brytyjczyków do zerwania traktatu i unicestwienia idei budowy państwa irlandzkiego władze rządu Republiki Irlandzkiej podjęły akcję przeciwko rebeliantom. Już wcześniej Brytyjczycy zaczęli naciskać na Irlandczyków w sprawie jak najszybszego rozwiązania sprawy po zabiciu przez dwóch członków IRA w Londynie marszałka Henry'ego Hughesa Wilsona 22 czerwca 1922.

Michael Collins zaakceptował ofertę Winstona Churchilla, który zaproponował armii irlandzkiej wypożyczenie artylerii i amunicji. Po nieudanych negocjacjach z IRA rząd irlandzki rozpoczął działania zbrojne 28 czerwca.

Szturm na Four Courts
Po pierwszym dniu ostrzeliwania garnizonu IRA, zabarykadowanego w Four Courts Brytyjczycy zdecydowali się zwiększyć ilość wypożyczonego Irlandczykom ciężkiego sprzętu oraz zaoferowali bombardowanie z powietrza. Collins, z obawy o cywilów, odrzucił obie propozycje. 29 czerwca siły rządowe podjęły szturm na wschodnie skrzydło Four Courts, tracąc trzech zabitych i 14 rannych, biorąc jednak 33 jeńców. Również należący do IRA samochód pancerny został uszkodzony i porzucony przez załogę. Następnego dnia artyleria rządowa raniła Paddy'ego O'Briena, a komendę nad siłami IRA w Four Courts objął Ernie O'Malley. Tego samego dnia pocisk wywołał pożar budynku. Ostatecznie o godzinie 15:30 30 czerwca O'Malley poddał Four Courts generałowi Paddy'emu Daly.

Tego samego dnia, kilka godzin wcześniej, w zachodnim skrzydle, które służyło bojownikom IRA jako magazyn amunicji doszło do silnej eksplozji, w wyniku której doszło do zniszczenia przechowywanych tam archiwów. Rannych zostało 40 szturmujących budynek żołnierzy.

Pomimo kapitulacji Four Courts część dowódców, w tym Ernie O'Malley, wydostało się z budynku, by kontynuować walkę.

Walki uliczne
Pomimo zdobycia Four Courts walki w Dublinie trwały do 5 lipca. 29 czerwca siły IRA Oscara Traynora opanowały rejon ulicy O'Connell Street by odciągnąć część sił od Four Courts. Traynor liczył na ściągnięcie posiłków z reszty kraju do walki, gdyż siły w Dublinie nie były dostatecznie liczne i przygotowane do walki. W walkach wzięły jednak udział jedynie siły z Belfastu i Tipperary, ale dotarły do miasta zbyt późno, by wziąć udział w walkach.

Siły rządowe generała Toma Ennisa podjęły tymczasem oczyszczanie miasta z jednostek IRA, co udało się do 1 lipca. Jednocześnie wokół O'Connell Street utworzono kordon wojska. Za pomocą artylerii usunięto siły powstańcze z pozycji na Parnell Street i Gardiner Street, co dało czyste pole do operacji na O'Connell Street.

Wojska doprowadziły do wysadzenia budynku YMCA, w którym znajdowały się liczne siły IRA, które opuściły budynek pod osłoną samochodów pancernych przed jego zawaleniem. Oscar Traynor i około 100 jego ludzi wmieszali się w tłum cywilów i skierowali w stronę Blessington.

Ostatnim dowódcą, który kontynuował walkę był Cathal Brugha z oddziałem 15 ludzi w budynku Hammam Hotel. Około 17:00 5 lipca, gdy trawiące budynek pożary uniemożliwiły jego utrzymanie, wydał rozkaz kapitulacji. On sam pozostał w budynku z pistoletem, zginął niedługo potem w walce z żołnierzami.

Był to ostatni większy epizod walk w Dublinie. Później zdarzały się niewielkie incydenty z nielicznymi i niezorganizowanymi bojownikami IRA.

Cathal Brugha był ostatnią ofiarą walk, które kosztowały obie strony 65 zabitych i 280 rannych. Ponadto siły rządowe aresztowały ponad 400 bojowników. Straty cywilne sięgają 250 ofiar, co było spowodowane użyciem ciężkiej broni, głównie artylerii w gęsto zaludnionej lokalizacji, jaką jest miasto.

Późniejsze wydarzenia
Oscar Traynor, Ernie O'Malley i inni przywódcy dublińskich walk przegrupowali się w Blessington, 30 kilometrów na południowy zachód od miasta. Już po zakończeniu walk do miasta zaczęły docierać posiłki IRA z Tipperary, które jednak nie podjęły walki wobec zakończenia operacji dublińskiej. Siły te skierowały się na południe, do Enniscorthy i Carlow, ale zostały dość szybko pokonane.

Większość rebeliantów wycofała się dalej na południe, na tereny tak zwanej Republiki Munsteru, ośrodek ten został zlikwidowany w ofensywie rządowej z lipca-sierpnia 1922.

Przywódcy walk ujęci w Four Courts, Rory O'Connor, Liam Mellows, Joe McKelvey i Richard Barrett zostali straceni. Miejsce, gdzie zginął Cathal Brugha zostało nazwane Cathal Brugha Street.

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 Ernie O'Malley: The Singing Flame, Dublin 1978.
 M.E. Collins: Ireland 1868-1966, Dublin 1993.
 Michael Hopkinson: Green against Green - the Irish Civil War.
 Eoin Neeson: The Irish Civil War.
 Paul V Walsh: The Irish Civil War 1922-23 - A Study of the Conventional Phase
 Meda Ryan: The Real chief, Liam Lynch.
 Tim Pat Coogan: De Valera, Long Fellow, Long Shadow.

1922 w Europie
Dublin
Dublin
Historia Dublina
Irlandzka wojna domowa
Dublin


Norwegian company follows vessel purchases with deal for compatriot company.
Norway's Golden Energy Offshore Services (GEOS) has struck a deal to buy the owner of four OSV vessels it is already acquiring.
The Oslo-listed company said it had agreed the acquisition of Golden Energy Offshore Management (GEOM) with Golden Energy Offshore Management Holdings (GEOMH).
It is paying $5m through new GEOS shares and the deal is subject to the successful purchase of four OSVs from GEOM announced earlier this year.
The transaction is also conditional on the share issue being approved by shareholders and the completion of a capital raise to acquire the four ships.
GEOS revealed earlier this year it was in exclusive talks to buy the 3,800-dwt construction and inspection units Larissa and Despina (both built 2011), having already acquired the rights to two MPSVs under construction at Nantong Rainbow Offshore & Engineering, Energy Duchess and Energy Empress.
CEO Per Ivar Fagervoll said: "I am very pleased that we have been able to reach an agreement to include Golden Energy Offshore Management into the Golden Energy Offshore Services sphere.
"Being the manager of the company's vessels, and also of any new vessels in addition to the prospective new vessels Energy Duchess, Energy Empress, Larissa and Despina, Golden Energy Offshore Management is a natural inclusion in GEOS which we believe will add value for our shareholders.
"In addition to performing management for the company, GEOM performs management for other customers which we believe would further strengthen the position of the company through a diversification of the business.


text:
Study Captures Images Of Memories Being Formed Within The Human Brain
ST. LOUIS, Mo., Aug. 20, 1998--The birth of a memory, the split second when the human brain encodes an event for future reference, has been captured through sophisticated neuroimaging and used to predict accurately whether a specific experience will later be remembered or forgotten, according to research published in the Aug. 21 issue of the journal Science.
Based on collaborative research by scientists at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-NMR Center in Boston, Washington University in St. Louis and Harvard University, the article describes how levels of activity in certain brain structures involved in processing verbal information can predict whether that information will be retained in memory.
"This study marks the first time we've been able to peer inside someone's brain and predict on average whether or not you will later forget something you are now experiencing," said Randy L. Buckner, senior author of the article and assistant professor of psychology in Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis. "Now, we can actually see areas of the brain as they go about the process of memorization."
Although psychologists have long suspected that how we process information into memory is critically important to later remembering and forgetting, this study is the first to capture images of specific memories as they are being formed within the brain.
"This study provides a firmer biological underpinning for the concept that how we encode information is key to whether or not it is remembered," said Daniel Schacter, chairman of psychology at Harvard and a co-author of the study. "It is the first work to tie the creation of a specific verbal memory to specific levels of activity in certain areas of the brain."
Anthony Wagner, a postdoctoral research fellow at the MGH-NMR Center and the Department of Psychology at Harvard University, spearheaded the research and is the article's first author. His study is one of two articles on memory in this issue of Science that are based on advanced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques that were developed by Buckner and Anders Dale, a researcher at MGH and another of the co-authors on Wagner' study.
"This new technique is what allows us to specify how brain activity during learning differs between experiences later remembered and those later forgotten," Wagner said.
Wagner and colleagues used event-related fMRI to measure small, but significant differences in brain activation as young adults completed various verbal tasks. The experiments were structured to test whether participants are more likely to remember tasks that require a deeper, more meaningful level of consideration, as opposed to more routine tasks, such as identifying obvious differences in physical appearance, a theory supported by earlier psychological research.
While the participants' brain activity was being scanned, they were asked to complete a word processing task that required them to think semantically, to distinguish between words that are concrete, such as dog or cat, and words that are abstract, such as love or hate. Subjects were later asked to recall whether specific words had or had not been included in the tests.
When researchers compared the level of brain activity during processing of words remembered with activity for words later forgotten, they found that increased activity in specific structures in the left frontal and temporal lobes predicted whether participants would accurately and confidently remember whether a particular word had been part of the test. The study also confirms that a person seems to remember something better when he or she pays attention to its meaning, rather than to more superficial attributes such as physical appearance.
One of the structures showing increased activity in verbal memory formation is the left parahippocampal gyrus, a main input pathway to the hippocampus, a part of the brain that has long been recognized as crucial for storing and retrieving memories. The authors note that, while this area previously had been implicated in processing unfamiliar experiences, this study suggests the parahippocampal gyrus plays a broader role in memory formation. Even when experiences are similarly novel, differences in parahippocampal activity were seen that predict future memory.
While people used the same general brain regions to process similar verbal experiences, whether or not these experiences were remembered hinged on subtle differences in the magnitude of activity within those regions.
"It's interesting that the people in our study ostensibly had very similar experiences," said Wagner. "They all did the same test, yet something about the brain processes they recruited for some experiences as opposed to others was slightly different. It was these small differences that made a big difference in how well they remembered."
Previous brain research using positron emission tomography (PET) and other relatively slow forms of brain imaging required the use of "block trials," in which subjects were asked to repeat a string of similar short tasks so that data could be collected over a longer period.
In 1996, when Buckner was at the Harvard Medical School, he and colleagues capitalized on the speed of fMRI to collect brain image data from "individual trials," pioneering a research method now known as "event-related" neuroimaging. Images that took about one minute to capture using PET technology can now be captured by fMRI for events as brief as 30 milliseconds.
"The split-second thoughts that people have about incoming information play a huge role in whether that experience will be remembered or forgotten, something that happens in a second can have consequences for the rest of our life," Schacter said. "This study gets us a step closer to understanding what is going on in the brain when this crucial step is taking place in the brain."
Other co-authors of the paper are Michael Rotte, MD., and Bruce Rosen, MD, of the MGH-NMR Center, and Wilma Koutsaal, Ph.D., and Anat Maril of the Department of Psychology at Harvard University. The study was supported by grants from the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute on Deafness and Communications Disorders, the Human Frontiers Science Program and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.