text:
What are the Armstrong numbers?
An Armstrong number of three digits is an integer such that the sum of the cubes of its digits is equal to the number itself. For example, 371 is an Armstrong number since 3**3 + 7**3 + 1**3 = 371. Write a program to find all Armstrong number in the range of 0 and 999.
What is the perfect number?
In number theory, a perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its proper positive divisors, that is, the sum of its positive divisors excluding the number itself (also known as its aliquot sum).
WHY IS 496 a perfect number?
Also related to its being a perfect number, 496 is a harmonic divisor number, since the number of proper divisors of 496 divided by the sum of the reciprocals of its divisors, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, 62, 124, 248 and 496, (the harmonic mean), yields an integer, 5 in this case. It is the largest happy number less than 500.
Why is 12 not a perfect number?
Numbers like 6 that equal the sum of their factors are called perfect numbers. 4 is not a perfect number because the sum of its factors (besides 4 itself), 1+2, is less than 4. Numbers like 4 are known as deficient numbers . 12 is not a perfect number because the sum of its factors, 1+2+3+4+6 is greater than 12.
What is an abundant number?
In number theory, an abundant number or excessive number is a number for which the sum of its proper divisors is greater than the number itself. The integer 12 is the first abundant number. Its proper divisors are 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 for a total of 16.
What is a happy number?
Happy number. A happy number is defined by the following process: Starting with any positive integer, replace the number by the sum of the squares of its digits in base-ten, and repeat the process until the number either equals 1 (where it will stay), or it loops endlessly in a cycle that does not include 1.
What is a good luck number?
Here's a list of lucky and unlucky Chinese numbers!
2 (?, ÈR) - LUCKY. The Chinese believe that doubles bring blessings.
3 (?, SĀN) - LUCKY.
4 (?, SÌ) - UNLUCKY.
5 (?, WǓ) - LUCKY/UNLUCKY.
6 (?, LIÙ) - LUCKY.
7 ?, QĪ- LUCKY/UNLUCKY.
8 (?, BĀ) - LUCKY.
9 (?, JIǓ) - LUCKY.
What is an unlucky number?
The number 13 is considered an unlucky number in some countries. The end of the Mayan calendar's 13th Baktun was superstitiously feared as a harbinger of the apocalyptic 2012 phenomenon. Fear of the number 13 has a specifically recognized phobia, Triskaidekaphobia, a word coined in 1911.
Is the number 10 good luck?
Number 10 is rarely used in Chinese culture to symbolize anything because 10 is considered a "full" number. Chinese culture value moderation (????), meaning too much can be just as bad as not enough. We also believe cycle of life, whatever goes up will go down.
What is meant by Adam Number?
Adam Number. Adam number is a number when reversed, the square of the number and the square of the reversed number should be numbers which are reverse of each other. Adam numbers upto 1000 are: 0, 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, 21, 22, 31, 101, 102, 103, 111, 112 , 113, 121, 122, 201, 202, 211, 212, 221, 301, 311.
What is the 888 area code?
The area codes or prefixes 800, 833, 844, 855, 866, 877 and 888 are used by toll free numbers in the United States, Canada and all the countries covered by the North American Numbering Plan.
What are the numbers 555?
Angel Number 555 is a message from your angels that it is time to let go of the 'old' that is no longer positively serving you. Trust that they will be replaced with 'better'. Release old doubts, fears and perceived obstacles, and if feeling any fears or confusion, ask for support and guidance from your angels.
What is the spiritual meaning of 9?
Biblical numerology of number 9 is the finality or the judgement. It is generally when at the time of judging a person and his works. Also, number 9 is used to define the perfect movement of God. The biblical number 9 is a number of patience.
How many Armstrong numbers are there?
The -digit numbers equal to the sum of th powers of their digits (a finite sequence) are called Armstrong numbers or plus perfect number and are given by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 153, 370, 371, 407, 1634, 8208, 9474, 54748, (OEIS A005188).
What is Armstrong's number?
Math Video Definition-Armstrong Numbers--Armstrong number is a n –digit number in which the sum of the its digits raised to the nth power is equal to the original number.
What is meant by Automorphic number?
In mathematics an automorphic number (sometimes referred to as a circular number) is a number whose square "ends" in the same digits as the number itself. For example, 52 = 25, 62 = 36, 762 = 5776, 3762 = 141376,and 8906252 = 793212890625, so 5, 6, 76, 376 and 890625 are all automorphic numbers.
What is a perfect no?
Perfect number, a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its proper divisors. The smallest perfect number is 6, which is the sum of 1, 2, and 3. Other perfect numbers are 28, 496, and 8,128.
What is a palindrome number?
A palindromic number or numeral palindrome is a number that remains the same when its digits are reversed. Like 16461, for example, it is "symmetrical". The term palindromic is derived from palindrome, which refers to a word (such as rotor or racecar) whose spelling is unchanged when its letters are reversed.
What is a Armstrong number in C++?
C++ Program to check Armstrong Number. By Chaitanya Singh | Filed Under: C++ Programs. An integer number is called Armstrong number if sum of the cubes of its digits is equal to the number itself. For example: 370 is an armstrong number because: 370 = 3*3*3 + 7*7*7 + 0*0*0 = 27 + 343 + 0 = 370.
What is meant by neon number?
A neon number is a number where the sum of digits of square of the number is equal to the number. For example if the input number is 9, its square is 9*9 = 81 and sum of the digits is 9. i.e. 9 is a neon number. C program to check a number is a neon number or not.
What is palindrome in C?
Palindrome in C. Palindrome in C language or C program to check if a string or number is palindrome or not. A palindrome string is a string that reads the same backward as forward and can be of odd or even length. A palindrome number is a number which is equal to its reverse.
What is a perfect number in C?
This C Program checks whether a given number is perfect number. Perfect number is a number which is equal to sum of its divisor. For eg,divisors of 6 are 1,2 and 3. The sum of these divisors is 6. The C program is successfully compiled and run on a Linux system.
What is prime number in C?
Prime number program in C. Prime number program in C: C program for prime number, this code prints prime numbers using C programming language. C program to check whether a number is prime or not. Prime number logic: a number is prime if it is divisible only by one and itself.
What is an Armstrong number Wiki?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In recreational number theory, a narcissistic number (also known as a pluperfect digital invariant (PPDI), an Armstrong number (after Michael F. Armstrong) or a plus perfect number) is a number that is the sum of its own digits each raised to the power of the number of digits.
What is the factorial of a number?
For instance, "four factorial" is written as "4!" and means 1×2×3×4 = 24. In general, n! ("enn factorial") means the product of all the whole numbers from 1 to n; that is, n! = 1×2×3××n. (For various reasons, 0! is defined to be equal to 1, not 0.
What is an Armstrong number in Java?
Armstrong Number in Java. Let's write a java program to check whether the given number is armstrong number or not. Armstrong Number in Java: A positive number is called armstrong number if it is equal to the sum of cubes of its digits for example 0, 1, 153, 370, 371, 407 etc.
What is a perfect number in Java?
This is a Java Program to Check if a given Number is Perfect Number. A perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its proper positive divisors excluding the number itself. Enter any integer as an input. The Java program is successfully compiled and run on a Windows system.
What is POW in Java?
The java.lang.Math.pow(double a, double b) returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the second argument. Special cases − If the second argument is positive or negative zero, then the result is 1.0.
what-are-the-armstrong-numbers-8184.8 / 5 based on 4 votes.
How much is Neil Armstrong net worth?
Where did Neil Armstrong go to school at?
How much time did Neil Armstrong stay on the moon?
What is the difference between natural numbers and counting numbers?
Is it true that all irrational numbers are real numbers?
Are all rational numbers complex numbers?
Are complex numbers real numbers?
How do I upload contacts to Google?
How do I unclog a toilet with a hanger?
How do you use Epsom salts for citrus trees?
How do I turn on the notification light on my iPhone?
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How do I turn off talk to text on my iPhone?
How do I turn off parental controls on Google?


BMW E36 M3 H&R OE Sport Spring Set. Click to see important info on this kit.
Must use 1995 E36 M3 3.0L upper spring hat (larger than 1996-99 3.2L). Will not fit convertible. Lowers car 0.5" front, 0.75" rear.
H&R OE Sport Springs lower your vehicle subtly, giving it a slightly more aggressive stance without radically changing its appearance. Designed to enhance front-to-rear balance and street handling performance, OE Sport Springs take the "wallow" out of the stock suspension, providing a more controlled feel and improved ride characteristics. All this while retaining the ride comfort you're accustomed to with added confidence.


Dr. Yvette Fuentes teaches a wide range of courses in Spanish language and literature, and in the Humanities, in the Department of Literature and Modern Languages. Her research and teaching interests include Latin American and Peninsular Spanish Literature, particularly women's fiction and poetry, U.S. Latinx Literature and Culture, and Cuban and Cuban-American Studies. Her publications have appeared in such journals as Anthuriam: A Caribbean Studies Journal, Camino Real: A Multidisciplinary Journal on U.S. Latino Studies, Caribe: Revista de Cultura y Literatura, Hispanic Research Journal, and Letras Femeninas. Dr. Fuentes regularly participates in Honors College activities on campus.


you for shopping at the same place every week instead of looking at the specials and deciding where is best to shop that particular week. Some offers require you to sign up on the product website or like their Facebook page. Brillo, sign up for free Brillo coupons, sweepstakes and free samples. Videos to share, who needs those stupid TPR valves anyway? Soft Scrub, sign up to ne notified of new Soft Scrub coupons by email. Next time you shop at a particular store or buy a particular item, think about why you are doing. New coupons added often.
The point of this post isnt to show you how you, too, could save.6 cents. How do you know what to ask an inspector without a report? Printable Post-It coupons, and other 3M Brand coupons. (I didnt even calculate extra car wear and tear, and extra time on my part spent driving there and back!). Are you driving out of your way to save a few pennies when you could shop closer to homeor maybe even leave the car in the garage? Also get.00 Brita product coupon when you sign up for Brita updates. We use a unique inspection reporting system we developed ourselves over many years. Take advantage of our wifi Hotspot.
Another quick trip over to Wikipedia and I had the information about how hot a soldering iron gets: Lead-based solder uses 250 C to 280 C..
Status, online, latest check, it seems that traffic on this site is too low to be displayed, sorry. 10 will get you 20 worth of food..


Pin Catcher Tutorial and Giveaway!
I missed the August Pay It Forward giveaway, but I've got something cool for September! I can't remember where I saw the idea for a magnetic pin bowl, but it's been in the back of my mind for awhile now. Every time I stroll through a second hand shop, I'm on the look out for a specific style of bowl. Finally a few weeks ago I ran across some!
Let the glue dry, turn the bowl over, and ta-da!
I got a bit carried away with these, I was just so excited to find the right type of bowls at a local store. I'm going to give away 2 of these bowls to one of you!
Just leave me a comment below, and I will announce the winner on Friday, Sept. 9th.


A seductive combination of style and exclusivity, the 86 Yacht delivers on all fronts. From bow to stern, every detail has been crafted to perfection. Inside, the main saloon is a large welcoming space; full of natural light, hand-finished furnishings and state-of-the-art technology. The outstanding level of design and craftsmanship continues below deck, where both the owner's stateroom and guest cabins offer privacy and extravagance in equal measure. Yet, there's more to this yacht than sublime style. An incredible 1500nm range at 10kts defies any industry norm. With a top speed of approximately 30 knots, guests can experience an exhilarating open-air ride from the flybridge or relax and enjoy the stunning scenery from seating areas both fore and aft. A future great. An instant classic. This Sunseeker 86 Yacht is nothing less than a redefinition of the contemporary luxury motor yacht. It is the culmination of many years of groundbreaking innovations in style, technology and superior seagoing character. Accommodation up to 8 guests in 4 luxurious en-suite double cabins, the 86 Yacht is extremely well proportioned and allows for generous accommodation from the spacious and elegant owner's suite, all the way down to the spacious crew cabins (2x2) and crew mess. Virtually new and presented in exquisite condition, this 86 yacht is priced very competitively compared to a new yacht, and you don't have to wait for two years for construction of a new-build.
United Yacht Sales New Jersey would love to guide you through a personal showing of this 86' Sunseeker 86 Yacht 2015. This yacht for sale is located in Unknown Hong Kong and priced at $3,990,000. For a showing please contact us by filling out the form on this page and we will get back to you shortly!


The Problem of Immaturity: Human beings are rational. However, they are also swayed by emotions, irrational thoughts and beliefs, unverified assumptions and logical fallacies. Companies and business organizations use many tactics to influence and motivate customers' buying choices and employees' working habits by cleverly manipulating their thinking or exploiting their beliefs. Although people are expected to mature with age, it does not uniformly happen in all. Therefore, many remain immature even after reaching adult age. In some people immaturity may remain confined to certain aspects of their behavior due to various early influences and predisposing factors. Immaturity is inherent in human nature since many memories of childhood remain within the consciousness either overtly or covertly and influence adult behavior. The problem of immaturity is not specific to individuals only. Even groups and nations suffer from it. It is a perceptible problem in many nations where people prefer to live in ignorant ways and rely upon irrational beliefs and blind faith rather than use reason and reality to guide themselves. The following essays deal with the subject of mental maturity and how to cultivate it to achieve mental stability and rational thinking.


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Die Landschaftspflegerichtlinie 2015 des Ministeriums für Ländlichen Raum und Verbraucherschutz zur Förderung und Entwicklung des Naturschutzes, der Landschaftspflege und Landeskultur (LPR) vom 28. Oktober 2015 ist eine Verwaltungsvorschrift des Landes Baden-Württemberg.

Nach der LPR werden Agrarsubventionen zur flächenbezogenen Förderung von Maßnahmen des Naturschutzes, der Landschaftspflege und der Landeskultur nach pflichtgemäßem Ermessen im Rahmen der verfügbaren Haushaltsermächtigungen bewilligt. Die Maßnahmen sollen die ländliche Entwicklung fördern und dienen den Zielen des Europäischen Landwirtschaftsfonds für die Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums (ELER).

Allgemeine Bestimmungen
Nach der LPR können natürliche Personen wie Landwirte und ehrenamtliche Helfer, juristische Person des öffentlichen und des privaten Rechts (Vereine und Verbände) sowie Gebietskörperschaften (Kommunen) gefördert werden. Über die Förderung wird auf schriftlichen Antrag in einem Förderverfahren entschieden.

Die geförderte Maßnahme hat ausgewiesenen Schutzgebieten wie einem Natur- oder Landschaftsschutzgebiet oder einem geschützten Landschaftsbestandteil zu dienen (3.2 LPR). Bewilligungsstellen sind die Regierungspräsidien und unteren Verwaltungsbehörden.

Förderfähige Maßnahmen

Vertragsnaturschutz
Gefördert wird die Extensivierung landwirtschaftlich genutzter Flächen bis zum vollständigen Bewirtschaftungsverzicht, die Wiederaufnahme oder Beibehalten einer extensiven Bewirtschaftung sowie die pflegende Bewirtschaftung landwirtschaftlich nutzbarer Flächen und die Pflege und Entwicklung nicht landwirtschaftlich genutzter Flächen. Die Zuwendung wird als Projektförderung im Wege der Vollfinanzierung gewährt. Sie wird vorrangig mit Land- und Forstwirten durch einen öffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrag (Zuwendungsvertrag) mit einer Laufzeit von fünf Jahren geregelt.

Arten- und Biotopschutz
Die Förderung dient der Artenvielfalt sowie der Anlage, Gestaltung und Pflege von Biotopen.
Landwirte oder Zusammenschlüsse von Landwirten werden vorrangig berücksichtigt. Die Zuwendung wird im Rahmen einer Projektförderung als Zuschuss in Form einer Anteils- oder Vollfinanzierung gewährt.

Der Zuwendungsempfänger beantragt die Auszahlung entsprechend den Bestimmungen des Zuwendungsbescheids oder eines öffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrags.

Grunderwerb zur Biotopentwicklung und Entschädigung
Gefördert werden der Erwerb eines Grundstücks oder eines grundstücksgleichen Rechts im Rahmen einer Biotopentwicklungsmaßnahme im überwiegend öffentlichen Interesse zum Zwecke des Naturschutzes, der Landschaftspflege und der Landeskultur sowie die Entschädigung für die Aufgabe bestehender Anlagen (sog. Ablösung eines Störfaktors).

Zuwendungsempfänger sind Naturschutzvereinigungen, Gebietskörperschaften, natürliche Personen sowie juristische Personen des öffentlichen und des Privatrechts. Die Zuwendung wird im Rahmen einer Projektförderung als Zuschuss gewährt.

Zuwendungsfähig sind der Kaufpreis bis zum ortsüblichen Verkehrswert und die Nebenkosten (beispielsweise Grunderwerbsteuer, Beurkundungs- und Grundbuchgebühren, Vermessungskosten, Kosten für Wertermittlung) sowie die Kosten für die Biotopentwicklungsmaßnahme selbst.

Die Bewilligung kann durch Bescheid mit besonderen Nebenbestimmungen erfolgen.

Investitionen
Zweck der Zuwendung ist die Investition in kleine landwirtschaftliche Betriebe, in die Verarbeitung und Vermarktung naturschutzgerecht produzierter Erzeugnisse, in die Landschaftspflege, beispielsweise durch Anschaffung von Fahrzeugen und Maschinen sowie die Investition des Landes oder einer Einrichtung mit Landesbeteiligung, etwa in Ausstellungen und Lehrpfade.

Zuwendungsempfänger sind insbesondere natürliche und juristische Personen, die ein landwirtschaftliches Unternehmen bewirtschaften, dessen Umsatzerlöse mindestens zu 25 % aus der Bodenbewirtschaftung oder der bodengebundenen Tierhaltung erzielt werden, Erzeugerzusammenschlüsse sowie Unternehmen des Handels und der Be- oder Verarbeitung land- oder forstwirtschaftlicher Produkte. Der Empfänger einer Zuwendung muss über die fachliche Zuverlässigkeit verfügen, einen land- oder forstwirtschaftlichen Betrieb ordnungsgemäß zu führen.

Die Zuwendung wird im Rahmen einer Projektförderung als Zuschuss gewährt. Bewilligungsstelle kann außer Regierungspräsidien und unteren Verwaltungsbehörden auch das Ministerium für Ländlichen Raum und Verbraucherschutz Baden-Württemberg sein. Die Entscheidung wird im Benehmen zwischen der Naturschutzbehörde und der Landwirtschaftsbehörde abgestimmt, sofern landwirtschaftliche Belange berührt sind.

Dienstleistungen
Gefördert werden Dienstleistungen für die Biotopvernetzung und Mindestflur mit integrativ wirkendem Naturschutzansatz und zum Zwecke des Naturschutzes, der Landschaftspflege und Landeskultur wie die Beratung und Information, das Management von Vorhaben, Monitoring, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und Umweltbildung.

Die Zuwendung wird im Rahmen einer Projektförderung als Anteils- oder Vollfinanzierung gewährt.

Bewilligungsstellen sind das Ministerium für Ländlichen Raum und Verbraucherschutz Baden-Württemberg, die Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) und die Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg (FVA) sowie die Regierungspräsidien und unteren Verwaltungsbehörden.

Kontrollen und Sanktionen
Die Dienststellen des Landes, des Bundes und der Europäischen Gemeinschaften sind entsprechend der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 1306/2013 über die Finanzierung, die Verwaltung und das Kontrollsystem der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) berechtigt, die zweckentsprechende Verwendung der Zuwendungen vor Ort zu kontrollieren. Die Verwaltungs-, Vor-Ort-, Zweit- und Ex-Post-Kontrollen einschließlich etwaiger Kürzungen und Sanktionen erfolgen gemäß der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 809/2014 sowie Verordnung (EU) Nr. 640/2014.

Gemäß Art. 19a der VO (EU) Nr. 640/2014 wird bei einer Übererklärung von Flächen eine "gelbe Karte" vergeben bei
Fördermaßnahmen zur Basisprämie, zur Umverteilungsprämie, Junglandwirteprämie, für Kleinerzeuger sowie bei
Zahlungen für Gebiete mit naturbedingten Benachteiligungen (AGZ)
Zahlungen der Natura-2000- und der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (Natura2000)
Zahlungen für aus naturbedingten oder anderen spezifischen Gründen benachteiligte Gebiete
Eine Übererklärung in einer Maßnahme wird bei geringem Ausmaß zur Hälfte bestaft. Eine rote Karte wird vergeben, wenn das Ausmaß der Übererklärung groß ist oder bereits im Vorjahr eine gelbe Karte vergeben wurde. Dann wird in voller Höhe sanktioniert. Unter Umständen entstehen dann weitere Forderungen.

Siehe auch
 Integriertes Verwaltungs- und Kontrollsystem
 Cross Compliance

Weblinks
 Hinweise zur Sanktion von EU-Agrarbeihilfen Information der Begünstigten von Mitteln aus dem Europäischen Landwirtschaftsfonds zur Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums (ELER) über die Sanktionsregelungen nach Artikel 63 der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 809/2014 sowie nach Artikel 35 und 36 der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 640/2014
 Cornelia Korff, Jörg Stadelbauer: Ländliche Räume Baden-Württembergs unter Betonung des Agrarstrukturwandels In: Thomas Heinl, Jörg Stadelbauer, Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung – Leibniz-Forum für Raumwissenschaften (ARL) (Hg.): Die Kulturlandschaft des ländlichen Raums in Baden-Württemberg – Entwicklungen, Kontexte, Perspektiven. Hannover, Verlag des ARL, 2013 (Arbeitsmaterial 359), S. 17–43. ISBN 978-3-88838-359-5
 Naturschutzstrategie Baden-Württemberg 2014
 Stephan Krebs: Fördermöglichkeiten von Naturschutzmaßnahmen im Ackerbau 3. Juli 2015 (zur praktischen Umsetzung der LPR)
 BW: Landwirte erhalten Fördermittel noch vor Weihnachten agrarheute, 11. Dezember 2013

Einzelnachweise

Agrarpolitik
Agrarpolitik der Europäischen Union
Subvention
Politisches Instrument

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Information is provided here for a number of regional soil/landform mapping surveys - including French Island, Phillip Island and Bass Coast region, Cranbourne & Koo Wee Rup region, Mornington Peninsula Shire, and the Warragul mapsheet.
In addition, the report on the Soil Survey of the Westernport Bay Catchment (Sargeant, 1975) is available for download. Mapping for this area has been updated since this report was published and is available on this website for the areas described above.
Information for other parts of the Port Phillip and Westernport region will be made available on this website as it becomes available.


text:
Q: Using nanoframework on the NUCLEO-F746ZG I would like to experiment with the .net nanoframework. An initial test on an ESP32 was successful, but that's not really the platform I'm interested in. Meanwhile, I have a NUCLEO-F746ZG on my desk for further testing.
https://os.mbed.com/platforms/ST-Nucleo-F746ZG/
This board should also be supported as a 'community' board:
https://docs.nanoframework.net/content/community-targets/st-nucleo144-f746zg.html
When installing the nanoframework on the board, I get the following feedback:
PS C:\###> nanoff --target ST_NUCLEO144_F746ZG --update
.NET nanoFramework Firmware Flasher v2.4.30+cdac7a25ca
Copyright (C) 2019 .NET Foundation and nanoFramework project contributors

Trying to find ST_NUCLEO144_F746ZG in stable repository...Not found
Trying to find ST_NUCLEO144_F746ZG in community targets repository...OK
Extracting ST_NUCLEO144_F746ZG-1.8.1.8.zip...OK

Updating to 1.8.1.8

Connected to JTAG device with ID 0668FF495087534867043936

Device: STM32F74x/STM32F75x
Board: NUCLEO-F746ZG
CPU: Cortex-M7
Device ID: 0x449

******************************************* WARNING ***************************************
It seems that the firmware image that's about to be used isn't the appropriate one for the
target connected. But this doesn't necessarily mean that it won't work.
*******************************************************************************************

Flashing device...
nanoBooter.hex
nanoCLR.hex
Flashing completed...
Reset MCU on device... OK
PS C:\###>

The warning indicates that it would not be the right board, but in my experience it should be.  Why would it indicate that this might be the wrong board, which board would be correct?
Next, it fails to make contact with the board. Only the COM port of the debug adapter is found and there is no response to that.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
HomeExploreFOOD AND DRINKThe Story of French Delicacies
The Story of French Delicacies
7th February 2016 Subarna Ganguly FOOD AND DRINK, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Comments Off on The Story of French Delicacies
France is known for its gastronomic cuisine, famous chefs, Michelin restaurants and 'Les Gourmands'. There are a few French delicacies that almost everyone associates with France. The more adventurous tourists and expats can boast to have tried and even to have fallen in love with many of them. Here is a look at three of the most famous delicacies…
I cannot but start with the oh so important 'Foie Gras' or fattened liver of a duck or goose which is often the glorious proud entrée of a traditional Christmas meal in France. This buttery, rich, melts-in-your mouth dish is part of the gastronomical heritage of the country but its origins are 5000 years old from the mystic land of the great pharaohs of ancient Egypt. The Egyptians discovered that geese overfed themselves in preparation for migration, producing delicious meat and naturally fattened liver. Henceforth, they started cultivating fattened geese through the method of force feeding or 'gavage'. From Egypt, the knowledge of Foie Gras spread throughout the Mediterranean region and has been referenced by many Greek poets like Homer between the 5-8th centuries BC. During the Roman Empire the dish was extremely popular and relished in lavish banquets. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Ashkenazi Jews kept the recipe for the dish and it became a staple in Palestine. Those that migrated to Europe brought this knowledge with them.
In France, the knowledge of Foie Gras did exist during the Renaissance in classical cookbooks, however, it was in the French royal court during the 17th and 18th centuries that the dish became a rave and was considered a jewel of French gastronomy. After the revolution, when the concept of restaurants started emerging, the bourgeoisie became the new patrons in place of the aristocrats. Today, France is the largest producer and consumer of Foie Gras in the world, with 90% of production coming from the Périgord region. 95% of Foie Gras is made from duck and the rest from geese. Though this luxury item is a star feature for international celebrity chefs practicing French cuisine like Gordon Ramsay, the item today is also shrouded in controversy. The method of preparing it by force feeding the ducks with a metal tube until their liver grows 10 times larger, is an animal welfare concern and banned in many countries. In France though the appetite for this delicacy continues to be insatiable.
Snails are a popular appetizer cooked with garlic and parsley butter in France and the French consume 40,000 tons of snails per year. There are 180 varieties of edible snails but only two are most widely enjoyed, the 'Escargot de Bourgogne' and the 'Escargot petit gris'. One may think that France was the first country to enjoy eating snails, but the custom actually dates back to prehistoric times and to the Romans who popularized it throughout the Mediterranean region. After the Second World War, the demand for snails increased in France and French prisoners of war are said to have survived starvation in the German camps on them.
Frog legs have been popular in China and other parts of Asia since the 5th century AD. Even the Aztecs in South America took a shine to them and they feature in Southern Cajun cooking in the States. However in Europe, frog legs as a delicacy originated with the Catholic Church in France. Accused of growing too fat, it was monks who devised frogs as a clever substitute for meat and had them qualified as a fish item. Briefly, frog became a surprise hit of the season in Britain when the famous chef Auguste Escoffier served up a dish he called 'Thighs of the Dawn Nymphs', at a grande soirée in honour of the Prince of Wales at London's Savoy hotel in 1908. The culinary love for frogs is long forgotten in Britain but the 16th century-old insult of calling the French "Frogs" still continues. In France, frog legs are a traditional dish particularly in the region of the Dombes, and are found on Parisian menus served with garlic and parsley butter or fried in a batter. Interestingly though, frogs are a protected species in France and are in fact imported from Asia.
About Subarna Ganguly	7 Articles
Subarna is an Indian expat from Calcutta and has been living in France for more than 7 years. Coming from a family of artists and litterateurs, writing is one of her many creative passions. Subarna has written for several English national newspapers like the Indian Express, Telegraph and the Statesman. She holds a Bachelors degree in English Literature and a Master in Journalism and Mass Communication where she topped her University. She was also the only Journalism student selected by the Japanese Government to represent her country in Japan as a cultural youth ambassador for the prestigious Jenesys program in 2008. Subarna went on to complete her second Master in Global Management from Rouen Business School in Normandy, France. During this time she also had management training in the University of Richmond, United States. She was offered an Internship with the United Nations in New York for their Advocacy and Outreach department but chose instead to continue her internship with Infosys, a global multinational company in the field of Information technology, where she currently works in Human Resources as Senior Associate since 2010. In her HR role in Infosys she uses her specialised knowledge in Cross Cultural studies, a subject in which she completed her thesis, to help employees and new hires of different nationalities integrate in the company. Subarna is also a passionate globe trotter and has travelled extensively from a young age through the North Americas, Africa, Asia and Europe. She has a great love for the stage and has been featured in many newspapers for her performances in theatre, music and dance. She believes in drinking life to the lees and her attitude to life echoes the words of her favourite Tennyson creation Ulysses who says-'' I am a part of all that I have met, yet all experience is an arch wherethro' gleams that untravelled world whose margin fades forever and forever when I move..."
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The Political Winners and Losers of Awards Season Films
Steven Gaydos
Variety December 20, 2019
This may be the first year in memory when the movies seem more serious about politics than the politicians. Of course, the flippancy began about three years ago when Donald Trump ascended to the highest elected position in the land.
What quickly followed was The Resistance Movement that refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of a presidency that blithely and vigorously refuted virtually all the norms and the traditional decorum of the office.
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Undaunted by disruption, Hollywood has aimed its sights on politics as unusual. This year's films attack the state of disunion with a vigor not seen in decades.
Maybe it's a response to Trumpism, but it also may be cultural proof that just as nature abhors a vacuum, the demise of cable news as journalism and its rise as partisan pom-pom shaking has given filmmakers a renewed hunger for social themes and a fresh focus on truth-telling.
Here's a quick recap of how some key films of 2019 reflected and commented on the sociopolitical moment and who came out as winners and losers in a number of politically savvy movies this year:
Winners: The Mafia, the 1%
Losers: The Kennedys, the unions, Richard Nixon, John and Mo Dean
In a world where no one respects authority and the rules of behavior are buried deeper than Jimmy Hoffa's cuff links, "The Irishman" argues that while America's mobsters may not be perfect, at least they're rewarding hard work and punishing disloyalty.
It follows that making enemies of the mob and/or America's intelligence agencies, as the Kennedys did with the former and Nixon the latter, is bad for your health. Especially so, "Irishman" posits, when they're working together as it suggests they were in Dallas on Nov. 22, 1963.
"Irishman" also makes it clear that the American class system and Wall Street are both stacked against working stiffs, and the decline in the clout of the American union movement would provide ample proof to support the accuracy of that thesis.
As for Mr. and Mrs. Dean, "Irishman" argues no one likes a rat, even a "smart" one.
Winners: Sen. Dianne Feinstein, Daniel J. Jones
Losers: John Brennan, Gina Haspel, Donald Trump
Scott Z. Burns' account of Daniel J. Jones' crusade to expose the abuses of the Bush-era CIA's enhanced interrogation techniques sets up the fight between Feinstein and CIA chief-to-be John Brennan as a David-and-Goliath tussle, with the CIA as a lumbering lethal giant resistant to taming and the clear underdog in this case being the American people and our civil liberties.
But the combo of Feinstein's shrewd, steady political chops and Jones' dog-on-a-torture-bone tenacity, whips Brennan's butt and reminds viewers that Trump's biggest intelligence critic was once publicly thumped for spying on the Senate.
That would be a great boost for Trump except the entire film exists as a condemnation of his patented brand of D.C. prevarication and a warning about abuses of power. It's also hard to miss the sharp point that Gina Haspel, one of the key leaders of the torture program, was later appointed to head the CIA by … Donald Trump.
Winners: Hollywood Conservatives
Losers: Hippies, Asians
The film's finely tuned focus on period detail, visible in nearly every frame of "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood," apparently doesn't extend to the political context of the tumultuous late-'60s setting.
Even more than today, in 1969 you could drive a Chevy van through the schism in the American political landscape without scraping the fenders. But that's never directly addressed in "OUATIH."
Upon closer inspection, however, the politics of the picture are ironically hiding in plain sight.
The two leads, Rick and Cliff, are walking, talking, ass-kicking Red State Nixonites. Cliff cheerfully tosses Asian action icon Bruce Lee into the side of a car in a scene that would have drawn cheers on the Southern drive-in circuit of the time. And the film wraps with the duo making short order of the Mansons, aka the Hippies from Hell.
In a year that started with Creedence Clearwater Revival's warning of a "Bad Moon Rising" and ended with Merle Haggard's reactionary anthem of the Silent Majority, "Okie From Muskogee," "OUATIH" sits comfortably in the middle of the year, in the lap of the Moral Majority and as far from today's Hollywoke as is comically possible.
Winners: Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, AOC, the 99%
Losers: Trump tax cut beneficiaries, Bahamian bank account holders
The biblical aphorism that "the first shall be last and the last first" doesn't include the postscript, "though everybody dies," but "Parasite" makes sure no one misses its view that the elites' day of reckoning won't be a picnic for anyone on the planet.
The ingenuity and fearlessness of the disenfranchised is clearly valued over the fairly benign, blase consumerism of their posh foils. But while "Parasite" delights in taking down a house of privilege brick by custom-home-design brick, it never loses sight of how quickly the nobility of the underclass can be co-opted by all things cush and cozy.
Winners: Non-union performers, single mothers, bricks-and-mortar fashion retailers
Losers: Wall Street brokers, credit card companies, the pharmaceuticals industry
Industryites shocked by the $100 million-plus "Hustlers" B.O. haul must have missed the loud complaints of working-class Americans pissed off by the increasingly tall odds against economic justice.
So when the dazzling dancers of "Hustlers" turn the stripper's pole into a spear of destiny, and shove it right up the backsides of the most hopelessly clueless males outside of a Peloton ad, the resulting raining down of cineplex dollars should not have come as a surprise to anyone.
Just as in "The Irishman," the America on display in "Hustlers" is a place where everybody knows the difference between good and bad, but they also know the game is rigged. And no one in 2019 mired in student debt, struggling to raise a family or suffering the indignities of the gig economy is likely to get too judgmental about mobsters settling scores or strippers spiking drinks.
"It's what it is."
Pete: I'd rather have a president who's policies help the majority of Americans regardless of race, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity etc.


Anyway, in a beautiful agriturismo tucked into the Trentino mountain landscape I am now focusing on finishing my article about the Vermentino produced by Antonella Corda winery in Sardegna. I met Antonella at Vinitaly this year and had the opportunity to sit down and interview her about her artisanal winemaking just north of Cagliari.
Antonella is a very nice person that makes you feel relaxed while she is talking passionately about her vineyards and her winemaking in Sardegna. I asked her if I could do a short video with her which made her slightly nervous, but she said yes after all and did brilliantly. I wanted to show you all how she is passionate about her land and the surrounding territory.
In this article, I will thus try and transmit her story and what I learned from her during our hour-long chat at Vinitaly.
The theme this month, May 2018, will be Benvenuto Vermentino in the Italian Food, Wine, and Travel (#ItalianFWT) group. When I checked out the theme for this month and saw it was about the Vermentino, I just knew I wanted to write about the Vermentino produced by Antonella Corda. I was lucky to get to taste all her wines at Vinitaly.
On Saturday, May 5, you can join us on Twitter at 11amEDT / 17.00 CEST to learn more about food, wine, and travel in relation to the Vermentino. Just type in the hashtag #ItalianFWT in the search field and click Enter, thereafter, you click Latest which will show you all the live tweets.
Vermentino is a grape variety that is cultivated in various Italian regions such as Toscana and Liguria but in this article, I will focus on the Vermentino in Sardegna. It is a grape variety that has been considered to be of Spanish origin, however, today research has shown that this might not be the case.
In short, some claim it is a grape variety native to Italy that was then brought to Spain while others say it has its origin in Spain and was brought via France to Italy. Furthermore, it is stressed that Vermentino is the parent of the grapes Pigato in Liguria and Favorita in Piemonte.
What is rather clear is that it is a grape that produces lovely and structured wines. When it comes to soil, the Vermentino grows best in rough and less fertile soils. It is resistant to dry climates and to the winds blowing in from the sea. It is a grape that is not afraid to suffer to thrive and produce structured and elegant wines in Sardegna.
In Sardegna, Vermentino wines can be produced under the Vermentino di Sardegna DOC and Vermentino di Gallura DOCG as the main denominations.
In this context, considering that the winery of Antonella Corda is located in Serdiana just a bit north of Cagliari we are in the Vermentino di Sardegna DOC area. In fact, the DOC denomination includes the areas of Cagliari, Oristano, Sassari, Nuoro, Medio Campidano, Ogliastra, Olbia-Tempio, and Carbonia-Iglesias. The Vermentino di Gallura DOCG area, on the other hand, covers the provinces of Sassari, Nuoro, and Olbia-Tempio.
What characterizes the Vermentino in Sardegna, then? Well, generally it is thought to be a structured and mineral wine with notes of citrus fruits and the, so called, macchia Mediterranea (i.e. the typical Mediterranean scrub vegetation). The alcohol level is also higher than in other regions where the Vermentino is produced.
Who is then Antonella Corda?
Already as a little girl, she took an interest in the family winery business. Indeed, she comes from a family that has been vine growers and winemakers since five generations back. Thus, it can be said that she has viticulture in her blood and as a natural step she started out by studying agricultural science at the University of Sassari. After her degree, she continued to do a Master in viticultural management at the Edward Munch Foundation in Alto-Adige.
In 2009, when done with the studies, she decided to return to Sardegna and take over the land that belonged to her mother's side of the family. She created a new winery and started to both replant new vineyards and recover and replant older vines in the 40-year-old vineyards. Today, she has a total of 15 ha of Nuragus, Vermentino, and Cannonau vineyards.
Antonella believes in valorizing the local territory and its traditions while at the same time favoring innovation. Her winery is in conversion to become organic since 1,5 years and already since before that they stopped using any chemical fertilizers or products. She believes in sustainability and in respecting natural characteristics of the local territory.
In fact, they are doing green manure where they for example plant field beans in the vine rows that is then plowed down to give nitrogen and nourishment to the soil. They are also working on using sustainable irrigation techniques and renewable energy. They are not biodynamic as she told me that she is still looking further into it and how she can take out and adapt parts of it that scientifically make sense.
Returning to the grapes, she is focusing on the native grape varieties that are so typical of her area. Not only Vermentino and Cannonau but also Nuragus which is a grape that used to be known more for its quantity rather than quality. It can be compared to the Pagadebit in Romagna, in the sense that it was seen among the farmers as a grape that secured their income year by year.
Antonella is showing that Nuragus can give wines of complexity and structure if cultivated and vinified with the attention it deserves.
Returning to the Vermentino, it is a grape that adapts well to the local terroir around Cagliari. The soil here is very calcareous and the layers beneath are of sandstone. She told me that the soil reaches very deep so they discover new facets of the soil all the time. It gives a structured and complex wine rich in perfumes.
While chatting, we were, of course, also tasting Antonella's wines and letting them open up and sink in slowly. The Vermentino I tasted was a very recently bottled 2017. As we know 2017 was a very warm year, that turned out to be quite difficult for many in the end. The quantity was reduced by up to 30-40% depending on the area in Italy, while the quality is believed to be very good.
Antonella, in fact, told me that they in Sardegna had 40 degrees already in May and June which lead to an early harvest in August. They based the harvest time not only on the sugar and acidity levels but also on the taste of the grapes. The alcohol by volume is higher also this year being around 14 percent. Another important thing is that they did a shorter maceration on the skins, not more than a couple of hours, due to the warm year.
The 2017, I found to be a quite fresh and mineral Vermentino with intense both floral and fruity notes, such as citrus fruits, orange blossom, sage, etc. The herby undertone of the Mediterranean typical scrub vegetation is very strong. It is a structured and elegant wine where you feel the influence of the sea as well as the local terroir.
To recap the article a bit, I wanted to write about Antonella Corda in this context of the #italianfwt to show a producer going back a bit to her roots and traditions but still favoring innovation. The focus on indigenous grapes and local terroir and traditions are strong for the moment and it is often combined with the use of innovative techniques.
Antonella Corda is producing wines that are native to her territory and she is very much into an approach that works towards sustainability. To valorize the local territory and its resources are becoming more and more of the essence today. Her wines, in this context the Vermentino, are, according to me, a very good expression of how tradition and modernity can work together for the future.


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GREENandSAVE Staff
Posted on Wednesday 18th January 2023
We welcome the opportunity to profile Sustainability Speakers. Let us us know if you would like us to profile you.
Charlie Szoradi is a sustainability speaker and professional with 30 years of experience and over 10 years of public speaking across a diverse range of engagements. He is the author of LEARN from LOOKING How Observation Inspires Innovation. Over the course of his career Mr. Szoradi has founded GREENandSAVE, Independence LED Lighting the Energy Intelligence Center, and Purge Virus now part of Clean Solution Technologies. Mr. Szoradi focuses on high performance architecture, sustainable living, and next-generation agriculture. Since 2021, Charlie has been serving as the President of The Agrarian Group. In the early 1990s he wrote his Masters of Architecture thesis on Energy Intelligence – "Eco-Humanism." Mr. Szoradi is a graduate of the University of Virginia, and he earned his Masters from the University of Pennsylvania.
Speech topics with descriptions:
Trends to watch across Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) related investing • Cost-Effective Sustainability – Insights from Overseas, Energy Saving LED Lighting, Air Conditioning Optimization, Hydrothermal Carbonization, U.S. Cleantech Job Creation • Sustainable Triple Bottom Line – Impacting People + Planet + Profit + The Business Case for LED Lighting – Next-Generation Technology • Future Food – The Path to a Healthy and Sustainable Future • Future Home – Cost Effective Solutions and Green Job Creation • Travel with Open Eyes – Insights from Japan and Eastern Europe to Islands and countries around the world.
To learn more and Book Charlie Szoradi click here: Sustainability Speaker
To see multiple examples of media coverage click here: Sustainability Speaker Media Coverage
Sustainability Speaker Media Coverage Example 1:
Why Independence LED Moved Manufacturing Back to the US | Industry Week https://www.industryweek.com/leadership/companies-executives/article/21962875/why-independence-led-moved-manufacturing-back-to-the-us
Sustainability Speaker Excerpt:
The vast majority of global lighting, either traditional or the new Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, is currently manufactured in China. My company used to do the same thing: We built our products in China, relying on the inexpensive labor to keep our products low-cost. In 2010, we made the conscious decision to move our Independence LED (www.IndependenceLED.com) manufacturing back to the United States -- to Southeastern Pennsylvania.
It's been the best decision my company has ever made. Our customers have asked if the move was based on patriotism over profit and I respond simply with: "Both." By moving manufacturing back to the United States, we have created American jobs, increased the quality of our products, doubled the average LED warranty (up to 10 years) and reduced our total costs through advanced automation and proximity to a large portion of our customers. Satellite maps of the night sky reveal the "hot spots" around the planet, and the U.S. Northeast Corridor glows like a beacon. Our operations outside of Greater Philadelphia are centered between Washington, DC and New York City, with easy access to the region that has the highest population density coupled with highest cost of electricity in the U.S. Putting a lighting business in an area that uses a lot of lights seemed like a pretty good idea. Our customers now range from the Fortune 100 to the U.S. Military and from independent small business owners to franchise owners.
With a growing national and international sales network, we educate our customers to look into the "Total Cost of Ownership," which is often lower with U.S. made products. The idea is pretty simple: do it right from the start and save on the replacement labor and cost of shipping back failed imported products. Here are some of the top reasons why we moved our manufacturing to produce "Made in America" LED technology: Top Five Reasons Independence LED Manufactures in America: 1. Quality Assurance – We were not seeing the consistency in quality control that met our standards with overseas production. 2. Proximity – We were unable to deliver to U.S. customers in time frames that met our standards when relying on overseas shipping. 3. Automation Technology – We found the automation equipment and strategic relationships to reduce production cost in the U.S. 4. Deep Fin Aluminum Heat Sinks – We saw the thermal management advantages of deep fin aluminum heat sink, and it did not make sense to ship aluminum 10,000 miles around the world. 5. Warranties Extended– When the industry average was 3 year warranties we wanted to lift it to 5. We achieved that, and because we have the performance results over multiple years with so few failures and so much faith in the reliability of our products built on American soil, Independence LED is now able to offer an industry-leading 10 year warranty.
Yao and UN, Greening the World of Sports Together
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Geth 1.6 - Puppeth Master
Posted by Péter Szilágyi on April 14, 2017
Cramming in a lot more goodies than originally anticipated, the Go Ethereum team is proud to finally deliver the first incarnation of the 1.6 Geth release series! Glimpsing through the commit list, this is going to be a monster post!
Toml configuration files
For a very long time now, people were requesting that we support configuration files to aid in switching between different public and pirate chains. We didn't focus much on private networks, so we've always pointed people towards using shell scripts in those cases. Although they are suitable for many scenarios, shell scripts aren't portable across different operating systems, especially Unix and Windows.
By popular demand, we've reworked the entire configuration and flag handling for Geth 1.6, finally landing support for this much requested feature. The configuration file uses the TOML format and the fields that can be set map one-to-one to the config structures go-ethereum uses internally. Certain fields have been omitted to prevent sensitive data circulating in configuration files.
Figuring out how to create a "proper" config file for your node with all the correct fields set up just the way you'd like it - whatever the field names even are - can be daunting. Instead, Geth 1.6 ships with a command that you can invoke to print the exact config file you'll need based on your custom invocation flags (geth --your-favorite-flags dumpconfig). This dump can then be loaded up via geth --config yourfile.toml. We're also planning to allow embedding the genesis configurations, but that needs a bit more thought to finalize.
Pure Go ethash
Since the very beginning, Ethereum had a C ethash implementation, shared between the various clients. This helped reduce maintenance efforts while the algorithm was evolving, at the expense of adding a big chunk of non trivial C code to go-ethereum.
This began to hurt more and more as time progressed. Without C knowledge on the Go Ethereum team, we couldn't properly handle performance issues and inherently couldn't implement optimizations essential for mobile devices. The design of the C ethash prevents it from running on big endian processors that would require invasive redesign. Lastly, depending on C code significantly hurts our portability and maintainability.
Starting with Geth 1.6, we've deprecated our use of the original C ethash and reimplemented it fully in Go. This permits us to generate mining DAGs concurrently on all available CPUs, rotate old mining DAGs out instead of storing them indefinitely, use memory mapped verification caches essential for fast mobile startup times, and run on any platform Go supports. For details, performance numbers and CLI flags, please consult the pure Go ethash PR.
Router CPU compatibility
We've always taken pride in supporting the go-ethereum codebase on a variety of exotic platforms, which were severely limited by the weight of a full node. However, with the light client slowly maturing, it makes more and more sense to expand our platforms towards previously unfeasible directions.
With the 1.6 release family of Geth, we are further pushing the envelope by introducing support for MIPS CPUs, most commonly found in consumer router devices. Geth 1.6 runs on both 64 bit and 32 bit MIPS CPUs in both little endian and big endian mode (courtesy of our new ethash code). You can find pre-built stable and develop binaries for these MIPs CPUs on our downloads page from now on.
Although we've successfully put a consumer router on the mainnet, there's still much to do make the experience smooth. The most notable bottleneck is the memory hardness of ethash, requiring non-negligible amounts of storage and memory capacity... one more reason to switch to PoS! ;)
Plugable consensus engines
Over the last few releases we've been slowly working towards abstracting consensus related concepts in our codebase, with the long term goal of preparing for Casper and proof-of-stake. It was a lower priority feature as there were so many other tasks hanging around. Priorities changed when the Ropsten testnet was spammed to an unusable state.
The root cause of the attack's success was that a proof-of-work network is only as secure as the computing capacity placed behind it. Restarting a new testnet from zero wouldn't solve much, since an attacker could mount the same attack over and over again. The time seemed ripe to put some effort into the consensus model within go-ethereum and allow using alternatives to proof-of-work for smaller networks, where a different security model is more suitable.
The result is that Geth 1.6 features a plugable consensus model where developers, wanting to roll their own fork of Ethereum with wildly different ways of agreeing on block validity, can now do so by implementing a simple Go consensus engine interface. The current ethash backed proof-of-work consensus model is also "just" another implementation of this interface.
Clique PoA (proof-of authority) protocol
With the old Ropsten testnet down the drain, different groups scrambled to create a new testnet that would suit them, but may or may not suit others much. These efforts gave birth to a reverted Ropsten testnet from the Parity team (relying on custom soft-fork code, bootnodes and blacklists) and the Kovan testnet from a Parity conglomerate (relying on a then undocumented Parity consensus engine). Both solutions lock out other clients.
Our solution was to propose a cross client proof-of-authority consensus engine called Clique (EIP 255). The main design considerations behind Clique were simplicity (i.e. minimize the burden of adding to different clients) and compatibility (i.e. support existing sync techs in all clients). The proposal was accepted by all client developers on the 17th of March, 2017.
With our 1.6.0 release, go-ethereum also features a full implementation of the Clique proof-of-authority consensus engine. In addition to all the consensus related functionality, the engine also supports customizable block times for private network scenarios. As to how you can create your own Clique network... ;)
Puppeth network manager
Do you like setting up a private network? Don't answer that! Truth be told, if you've ever tried to set up your own private Ethereum network - whether for friendly fun, corporate work, or hackathon aid - you'll certainly know the pain it takes to do so. Configuring a genesis block is one thing, but when you get to bootnodes, full nodes, miners and light clients, things start to wear thin fast... and we haven't even talked about monitoring, explorers, faucets, wallets. It's a mess.
Geth 1.6 ships a new tool called puppeth, which aims to solve this particular pain point. Puppeth is a CLI wizard that aids in creating a new Ethereum network down to the genesis, bootnodes, signers, ethstats, faucet, dashboard and more, without the hassle that it would normally take to configure all these services one by one. Puppeth uses ssh to dial into remote servers, and builds its network components out of docker containers using docker-compose. The user is guided through the process via a command line wizard that does the heavy lifting and topology configuration automatically behind the scenes.
Puppeth is not a magic bullet. If you have large in-house Ethereum deployments based on your own orchestration tools, it's always better to use existing infrastructure. However, if you need to create your own Ethereum network without the fuss, Puppeth might actually help you do that... fast. Everything is deployed into containers, so it will not litter your system with weird packages. That said, it's Puppeth's first release, so tread with caution and try not to deploy onto critical systems.
Rinkeby test network
As mentioned in this post already, the Ropsten testnet fell apart a few months back. There are ongoing efforts to revive it as it's a valuable component of the Ethereum ecosystem. That said, we find it essential to provide developers with a network they can rely on, one that cannot be attacked so easily. One such network is the second half of the EIP 255 proposal, the Rinkeby testnet.
On the 10th of April we launched the alpha version of Rinkeby, a new proof-of-authority testnet based on the Clique protocol. Rinkeby is currently upheld by three (3) Foundation signing nodes, but we eagerly look forward to promote external entities too, so that the network's resiliency may be furthered. The network also features a public GitHub authenticated faucet that is accessible to everyone under the same conditions. As to why it's an alpha version, Rinkeby is the first live incarnation of Clique and we have yet to see how it fares under global load.
So, how can you access it? Being alpha, we didn't yet add a flag for it into Geth 1.6, however we went out of our way to make it beyond trivial do connect and use it... via it's own website at https://www.rinkeby.io/! Dashboard, ethstats, faucet and connectivity tutorials for Geth, Wallet/Mist and Android/iOS! If you're wondering how we made all this, Puppeth of course! This is what Puppeth was born for, and you can have the same for your own private networks too!
Mounting swarm data
If you've used our experimental swarm implementation before, you'll know that operating with files is easy enough, but when it comes to working with entire folders - possibly nested - it can become cumbersome. Fine for a program, but less so for manual user interaction.
To try and address this shortcoming, the Swarm implementation shipped with our current release features a few milestone features, notably the ability to upload and download entire directories via tarball streams in the HTTP interface, as well as mounting an entire folder into your local filesystem via FUSE! This should make Swarm a lot more viable both for file backup purposes as well as for easily exploring complex directory structures.
Apart from these neat features, Swarm saw various stability improvements and bugfixes, gained the ability to manipulate manifests via the command line, as well as to create listings/sitemaps out of them.
64 bit gas calculations
The Ethereum Yellow Paper specifies that gas included with transactions can be an arbitrary value up to the ludicrous amount of 2^256 (which could cover almost as many transactions as the number of atoms in the known universe). As such, the go-ethereum EVM was implemented to work with these insanely large numbers for gas calculations, causing equally large performance penalties while running every transaction.
As there is simply no meaningful reason to use big-number arithmetic for gas calculations, Geth 1.6 switched over to working with 64-bit values, which is a native hardware-supported type on any modern CPU. If you are wondering whether this would pose any limitation, a single block with a gas limit of 64-bits could fit in 44 times more transactions than the number of red blood cells in the human body. I think we're safe for the foreseeable future.
Regarding performance improvement, we don't have an exact number, but it is safe to say that shaving off hundreds of memory allocations per every single transactions can't be a bad thing.
Besides all the highlighted features mentioned above, a numerous number of bug fixes have also been merged in, ranging from ethstats reporting, to singleton miner networks, star topology propagation fixes and more. Please check the Geth 1.6.0 release notes for a condensed rundown.
Other smaller features include constant improvements to the light protocol, heavy development in the Whisper protocol (getting very close to a public v5 release), and we've even swapped out our entire logging system to a much nicer and more robust version.
As always, you can install Geth via your favorite package manager, or download a pre-built binary for a variety of supported platforms.
Happy puppetheering! The go-ethereum Authors.
Given the nature of this release, which includes heavy rework around gas calculations in the Ethereum virtual machine and heavy refactors around plugable consensus engine split, we ask production users to exercise caution and care when upgrading. We consider Geth 1.6 as a pre-release until large scale stability is confirmed.*
It is important for all production users to understand the risks involved in new releases such as this one. There may be undetected bugs and unexpected consequences that could lead to loss or other unwanted results. This release is for sophisticated production users who understand the Geth platform, the impact it may have on the users and the risks that new releases of this nature involve.


Continuation in learning Capital Budgeting, specifically on NPV.
Then learned about Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The pros and cons or using IRR.
The test is moved to another week later, not next week because of the elections. -___- Don't get me wrong. Just that, I don't like this keep-on-moving-tests thingy. It's annoying when you've already prepared for it.
Oh, well, more time to prepare.


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Hard Seltzer Market Size & Share Report, 2021-2028
Hard Seltzer Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By ABV Content (1.0% to 4.9%, 5.0% to 6.9%), By Distribution Channel (Off-trade, On-trade), By Region (North America, Europe, ROW), And Segment Forecasts, 2021 - 2028
Published Date: Nov, 2021
The global hard seltzer market size was valued at USD 5.6 billion in 2020 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 31.4% from 2021 to 2028. The rising adoption of low alcohol content beverages among millennials and the younger generation is driving market demand. Moreover, consumers are trying to reduce their alcohol consumption or becoming 'sober-curious', which has further led to an increase in the demand for low-alcoholic beverages.
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted the consumption pattern of alcoholic beverages from high alcohol content to low alcohol content due to rising health consciousness among the consumers. The sale of hard seltzer during the pandemic rose significantly through e-commerce channels due to stay-at-home orders around the world. Alcohol delivery apps such as Drizly and Minibar reported a significant jump in orders during the months of February and March of 2020, with the total costs per order more than 20% higher than usual.
According to a survey by IWSR, as of 2019, 52% of consumers surveyed were trying to reduce their alcohol consumption. Moreover, hard seltzer contains low amounts of alcohol, ranging from 1%-8% ABV, and is low-calorie in comparison to beer, with most versions having around 100 calories. Thus, moderate drinkers prefer to consume hard seltzer as a substitute for beer. These properties of hard seltzer are anticipated to boost the sales of the product across the globe over the forecast period.
Many consumers are looking for reduced sugar, low-calorie, organic, and healthy halo beverages that not only fulfill their demands but also align with their keto and vegan diet. Many manufacturers have been offering products in this category. For instance, Mass Bay Brewing Co.'s hard seltzers contain 100 calories and 3 grams of carbohydrates. These are sugar- and gluten-free as well as considered vegan and keto-friendly.
Similarly, in January 2021, Anheuser-Busch InBev launched Michelob Ultra Organic Seltzer in three flavors - spicy pineapple, peach pear, and cucumber lime, for consumers who like natural flavors, which contains zero added sugars.
The hard seltzer category has seen immense expansion due to its booming social media presence and pop culture buzz. Brands can be seen grabbing a piece of the social media buzz by creating Instagram-worthy hard seltzer packaging to increase engagement and partnering with influencers and consumers. According to research conducted by the Bank of America, there were six times as many conversations about hard seltzer on Instagram in January 2020 as compared to January 2019.
ABV Content Insights
Hard seltzer with 5.0% to 6.9% ABV content held the largest revenue share of more than 50.0% in 2020 and is expected to maintain its dominance over the forecast period. The idea of moderation is a booming trend, not just a fad especially in the U.S., which is driving the growth of this segment. Many players operating in the alcohol industry have been expanding their low-alcohol options.
However, hard seltzer with 1.0% to 4.9% ABV content is projected to register the fastest CAGR of 32.3% from 2021 to 2028. Owing to rising consumer focus toward health and wellness, people of all ages are trying to cut down on alcohol. Over the last two years, there has been a significant increase in online discussions about low- and no-alcohol drinking and a noteworthy decrease in conversations about casual and heavy drinking occasions.
Some of the brands offering these drinks with 1.0% to 4.9% of ABV content include Corona, BON V!V Spiked, Smirnoff, Night Shift Hoot, Willie's Superbrew, Coors, San Juan Spiked, Crook & Marker Spiked Seltzer, and Funky Buddha Premium Hard Seltzer.
The off-trade was a larger distribution channel with a revenue share of more than 70.0% in the global market in 2020. The segment includes all retail outlets such as hypermarkets, supermarkets, convenience stores, mini markets, and wine and spirit shops. People prefer these stores as they offer huge discounts and offers. Further, the majority of the brands launch their product through big chains of supermarkets such as Walmart, Target, and others to reach maximum customers.
The on-trade channel is anticipated to register the fastest CAGR of 34.0% from 2021 to 2028. The category includes outlets such as bars, clubs, hotels, and lounges. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to lockdowns and shutdowns across the world. This has led to a reduction in sales from these channels. However, the reopening of the world, with people focusing again on outside get-togethers, socializing, and parties are likely to increase sales through on-trade channels.
North America made the largest contribution in the global hard seltzer market and accounted for the largest revenue share of 55.7% in 2020. The region has been witnessing high demand for hard seltzer, especially from young consumers. Key manufacturers are promoting their products in innovative ways. For instance, White Claw, a popular hard seltzer brand manufactured by Vancouver-based Mark Anthony Brands, received a significant sales boost courtesy of its strong social media presence including internet memes and YouTube videos in June 2019.
Furthermore, the mass appeal of these drinks has made them acceptable to both male and female drinkers, which, in turn, is likely to further increase the consumption of hard seltzer in the upcoming years. The rest of the world is the fastest-growing market and is expected to witness a CAGR of 67.9% from 2021 to 2028. Countries like Australia, New Zealand, and China contribute most of the share in the rest of the world. Rising disposable income, health consciousness, and easy availability of international brands have led to increased consumption of hard seltzer in these countries.
Hard seltzer with 1% to 4.9% ABV content is much more popular in Asian countries, thus manufacturers are keen to capture this market by launching products. For instance, in May 2020, United Breweries and Carlton launched Actual Vodka Seltzer with 4.2% ABV in two flavors - Pure and Lime - made with 100% natural ingredients to attract the growing vegan population in Australia.
The market is still in its nascent stage, where new entrants are launching products and other key players in the alcoholic beverages market are planning to launch their products due to the increasing popularity of these low-alcohol content beverages across the globe. Growing demand for convenience and rising health consciousness among consumers are the major factors contributing to the growth of this market across the globe. Nowadays, drinks with natural ingredients, low-calories, and health claims appeal the most to consumers; thus, manufacturers are focused on launching products with these attributes.
For instance, in May 2020, Kopparberg Brewery launched a hard seltzer in the U.K. that claims to be vegan-friendly and gluten-free, with a 5% ABV content. It is available in mixed berries, black cherry, and passion fruit flavors across Morrisons and Tesco stores in Europe. These product launches are anticipated to boost the visibility as well as sales of this alcoholic drink. Some of the prominent players in the hard seltzer market include:
Mark Anthony Brands International
The Coca Cola Company
Heineken N.V.
The Boston Beer Company
Molson Coors Beverage Company
Constellation Brands, Inc.
Hard Seltzer Market Report Scope
USD 8.9 billion
USD 49.4 billion
Revenue forecast, company ranking, competitive landscape, growth factors, and trends
ABV content, distribution channel, region
North America; Europe; Rest of the World (RoW)
U.S.; Canada; Mexico; U.K.; Netherlands; Ireland; Australia; China; New Zealand
Mark Anthony Brands International; Anheuser-Busch InBev; The Coca Cola Company; Diageo plc; Heineken N.V.; The Boston Beer Company; Molson Coors Beverage Company; Constellation Brands, Inc.; Kopparberg
Free report customization (equivalent up to 8 analyst's working days) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional, and segment scope.
This report forecasts revenue growth at global, regional, and country levels and provides an analysis of the latest industry trends in each of the sub-segments from 2016 to 2028. For the purpose of this study, Grand View Research has segmented the global hard seltzer market report on the basis of ABV content, distribution channel, and region:
ABV Content Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2016 -2028)
Rest of the World (RoW)
How big is the hard seltzer market?
b. The global hard seltzer market size was estimated at USD 5.6 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach USD 8.9 billion in 2021.
What is the hard seltzer market growth?
b. The global hard seltzer market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 31.4% from 2021 to 2028 to reach USD 49.4 billion by 2028.
Which regional segment accounted for the largest hard seltzer market share?
b. North America dominated the hard seltzer market with a share of 55.7% in 2020. This is attributable to new product launches on hard seltzer in the U.S. and Canada supported by high demand, especially from young consumers.
Who are the key players in the hard seltzer market?
b. Some key players operating in the hard seltzer market include Mark Anthony Brands International, Anheuser-Busch InBev, The Coca Cola Company, Diageo plc, Heineken N.V., The Boston Beer Company, and Molson Coors Beverage Company.
What are the factors driving the hard seltzer market?
b. One of the key factors driving hard seltzer market growth includes the rising adoption of low alcohol content beverages among millennials and the younger generation.


Pictured: Haley Bolithon and Kyle Whalen. Photo by Jessica Ridenour.
In this 3-part series, PerformInk takes you inside The House Theatre of Chicago's HATFIELD & McCOY through blog posts written by the people behind the scenes. To read past INSIDE articles, click here.
The House first produced HATFIELD & McCOY in 2006. It was the first play I ever directed. It's an interesting thing to revisit a project you worked on over 10 years ago. I was proud of the work I'd done in 2006, but since then, I've changed and grown as a person and as an artist. The world has changed. So, it was really exciting to get my hands on this story again and find new ways to honor and share it.
My process began with meeting with the playwright, Shawn Pfautsch, and figuring out what we wanted to preserve from the original production and what we were eager to improve upon. I began reading the script we had at that point as many times as possible. The more familiar I am with the words, the story, the and overall feel of the characters, the more open I am to conjuring a world and all its possibilities. It also helps me share a vision and communicate with designers.
As I began imagining a new production of HATFIELD & McCOY, my first impulse was to find ways to make it expressionistic. Basically, I wanted to re-investigate how music worked in the world and how to go beyond naturalism. In our first production, every song was diegetic. There was nothing theatrical or heightened about the use of music. This was something I knew I wanted to re-explore and redefine. I wondered if amping up the presence of music and movement would afford us the opportunity to delve into the story in ways that could be more revealing. This heightened storytelling also felt right in conjunction with the epic story that was being told, along with Shawn's poetic language and philosophical dialogue spoken by the characters. It is, at its core, a play about big ideas and big feelings. It feels like an epic classical play.
I invited choreographer, Katherine Scott and musical director, Matthew Muñiz to the table to help shape this new world I was imagining. We held workshops to experiment with and devise a specific music and movement vocabulary for the show.
I also knew I wanted a cast of actors that was incredibly diverse. I needed actors who could sing and move. The new production would have dance, along with the muscular fight choreography we had created for the first production. I needed actors who could handle poetic language and some who could play instruments. And, I really wanted actors to fit the ages of the characters. I wanted to create a feeling that we were truly looking at two distinct generations. It was a tall order but casting director, Marika Mashburn and I held a ton of auditions and call backs (not really a ton…just more than I can count!) to find an incredibly talented cast of 20 actors. I knew it was going to be a beast to rehearse such a large cast, with the variety of elements and all the modes of storytelling I wanted to use. And, being older and hopefully a little wiser, we had many more conversations about what we were trying to do and say with the story.
I don't believe in expectations. I try to focus entirely on the work I'm doing in the moment. I also don't believe anyone ever gets "finished" working on a show. You just stop working when you have to open the thing. That being said, I'm very proud of how I navigated this process and I'm eager to see how it feels to share HATFIELD & McCOY in 2018.
HATFIELD & McCOY runs January 19th – March 11th. For more information visit thehousetheatre.com.


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On a typical day in my office, it is not uncommon for me to see a patient seeking integrative naturopathic support during their cancer treatment. Imagine a patient named Carey. Let's say Carey is a 55 year old female presenting with metastatic colon cancer, currently undergoing chemotherapy. The first thing I might observe is that Carey is under a lot of stress. She was recently diagnosed with cancer and quickly started treatment with her oncologist. She presents in my office today with a bag of supplements recommended by friends, family and health food store clerks. She is not sleeping well and states she lost her appetite since being diagnosed. She shares that her dad died earlier this year, which has been a tremendous loss for her. Now being diagnosed with metastatic colon cancer, she worries about her own children losing their mom. She's doing her best to juggle work, to stay strong for her family, to care for her mom, and to cope with the side effects of her treatments. She has been severely constipated and hasn't had a bowel movement in two weeks! She needs her job because she depends on it for her health insurance. Carey states she hasn't had time to exercise or care for herself the past several years.
The viewpoints of several health paradigms spin in my head as she shares her story. The impact of stress, inflammatory cytokines, and their role in cancer progression comes to mind. Lowering these inflammatory cytokines by addressing her stress will help her outcomes. I imagine what her visit with her oncologist might have been like and what the oncologist might have considered in selecting a treatment for my patient. I reflect on what I have been taught about safety of combining chemotherapy with dietary supplements as I go through each dietary supplement in her bag. We discuss supportive options to help address the chemotherapy side effects she now faces, while I weigh what we can safely use with her prescribed treatment. Her lack of sleep can be contributing to low melatonin levels and decreased functioning of her immune system. I know that cancer survival rates drop with malnutrition, lack of exercise, and poor performance status. I think about what my Chinese Medicine professor taught me about the connection between grief and the organ systems of the lungs and large intestines (colon).
She is under the care of a medical oncologist and now me, a naturopathic doctor. In our first visit, I know she will have better outcomes if we can get her further integrative support. Ninety minutes was barely enough time to hear her story and collect her medical history, review all the supplements she has been given, recommend some functional tests, and address side effects and overall naturopathic recommendations. Getting assistance with healthy and appetizing meals would do her well. Social support could aid her in her mother's care, time management, and find community and financial resources to support her through her own treatment. In her efforts to "stay strong," she's holding in a deep amount of grief and fear that comes pouring out in our appointment. Who can she share these feelings with on a frequent and regular basis so they don't build up so large inside of her? Exercise would help decrease her stress, improve energy levels, and contribute to improved survival outcomes; an exercise specialist with knowledge of oncology could help safely get her started without wearing her out and contributing to further fatigue. She could also benefit from a restorative yoga and relaxation exercises. Given the relationship between the colon and grief, a Chinese medicine approach might be synergistic in her treatment. These are areas I have a basic working knowledge of, but she would thrive working with a specialist in each of these areas. I see a village of support that could greatly improve the quality of her life and potentially her cancer outcomes. I worked for a place that offered all of these services under one roof and I witnessed how patients benefited from this integration of care.
I love that I have been exposed to all these different paradigms of healing--conventional medicine, naturopathic medicine, Chinese medicine, mind-body medicine & counselling, physical medicine therapies, nutrition, yoga. I can appreciate that each of these paradigms will look at this patient with a different set of eyes. I know that Carey needs more than I can alone provide and that she will thrive if her practitioners work and communicate together. Carey, like many patients, may not be able to utilize all these different professionals, but she will benefit from adding what she can. In the meantime, I will point her to books, resources, and give basic recommendations to get her started.
Whether it is cancer or any number of other chronic diseases, there is synergy to be gained through integration. It is a situation where one plus one is more than two. One practitioner may see something the others don't see. Each paradigm has its limitations, even mine. It goes back to the old saying that goes--"If all you have is a hammer, then everything appears as a nail." Bring in the other tools, because we've got more than nails here. We have the beautiful intricacy of human life.
Naturopathic healthcare is one of many paradigms of healing. I personally believe there is no one single healing paradigm for every person and every situation. It is hopeful to know that if one paradigm can't explain "what's wrong" that other paradigms may offer answers and effective approaches to healing.
The naturopathic paradigm originates from the beliefs that (1) nature (fresh air, clean food, light, hydrotherapy, exercise, rest) is healing, and (2) we each are endowed with a vital, healing force that works well when obstacles (i.e. excesses of the diet, lack of sleep, emotional stress) are removed. Think about the chronic illnesses that have become more prevalent in industrialized countries--type II diabetes, heart disease, allergies, gastric reflux, hormonal irregularities. These types of illnesses are often secondary to changes in our culture's diet, lifestyle and environment. These chronic illnesses that come from industrialized living often respond well to naturopathic care, because we seek to remove the underlying cause (or obstacle) that got in the way of optimal health.
The history of naturopathic care is intertwined with the European Water Cure movement which used hydrotherapy. Hydrotherapy is the use of water in healing. When I mention hydrotherapy, most people envision enemas, colonics, or maybe a hot tub. While it might include enemas and colonics in some naturopathic clinics, hydrotherapy includes a diverse array of water applications. Instead of the hot tubs of America, this tradition relied more heavily on cold water applications because it stimulates the body's blood flow. Healthy blood flow supports nutrients being delivered to the tissues and waste products being carried away, thus supporting the health of the body.
Over time, other healing modalities were practiced by naturopathic doctors. When I attended naturopathic medical school, I had the privilege to be exposed to many different paradigms in my training, which also included herbal/botanical medicines, homeopathy, classical Chinese medicine, physical medicine, environmental medicine, nutrition, massage, pharmacology, and mind-body medicine. Did you know the some naturopathic doctors of the past didn't believe in using herbs because they considered them them "drug therapy"? In the 1850s, much of the US Pharmacopeia consisted of herbal medicines as "drug therapy" and naturopaths of that time were considered "drugless doctors." Naturopathic healthcare has changed considerably over the years. Naturopathic doctors now days have several modalities to choose from, and because of this, care can vary widely between naturopathic clinics. One clinic may focus on specialty testing, supplements and nutritional IV therapy, while another clinic may offer mainly hydrotherapy, homeopathy, and herbal support.
Visits in my office often address the obstacles to healing and how those obstacles can be minimized or removed. When conventional tests don't explain why a person is not feeling well, then I may recommend specialty tests that look more at the physiology and optimal function of the body. The visit may evolve into discussions of safely integrating natural supplements, individualized selection of herbs and homeopathics, using the mind as a tool in health and healing, and home hydrotherapy techniques. I respect the fact that there are limits to what I can provide, and sometimes a referral to a professional of another paradigm is more appropriate.
I find it is an exciting time to be a naturopathic doctor. Evidence based medicine for natural therapies and research studies are expanding in our field. Our understanding of epigentics (how environment influences genetic expression) is growing. Members of different health professions are working together more often and we are learning from one another. Each day in my professional life is filled with learning in this ever expanding field and puzzling together the pieces of health and healing. I delight in it!
If you would like to explore a naturopathic approach with Dr. Katrina Bogdon, please visit her website at www.ourhealingroots.net to learn about the appointments she offers or contact her directly at office@ourhealingroots.net.
My name is Katrina Bogdon and I am the owner of Our Healing Roots. LLC. Growing up, I never knew there were such things as naturopathic doctors, and I certainly never imaged being one myself. When I discovered naturopathic medicine, I was thrilled that I could go to a medical school that taught about medical science & research, natural medicines, allowed me to spend time listening to my patient's stories, how puzzle out the development of illness and remove the obstacles to healing.
I completed my Doctorate of Naturopathic Medicine at the National College of Natural Medicine in Portland, OR. It is the oldest naturopathic college in North America. I spent four years learning naturopathic philosophy, basic medical sciences, how to diagnose disease with physical exams and testing, and about several treatment modalities--herbal medicine, nutrition, homeopathy, hydrotherapy, stress management, mind-body techniques, physical medicine, pharmaceutical drugs, and minor surgery.
I am licensed as a naturopathic physician in the state of Washington, but I live and practice in Oklahoma & Missouri. After I got my license in Washington, I returned to the Midwest. Certain states such as Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Missouri do not license naturopathic doctors, so I cannot diagnose disease in these states, use minor surgery, or prescribe drugs. In Oklahoma, I completed a residency and worked in an integrative cancer setting for five and half years. My time there taught me a lot about working in an unlicensed state and how to integrate with other health professionals for the benefit of the patient.
In 2013, I began a full-time naturopathic practice in Tulsa, OK, called Our Healing Roots, LLC. I have the wondrous opportunity to sit 45-90 minutes with each person learning about their health & life stories. For many people, I bring a new paradigm and understanding of health. Health is not just the absence of a diagnosed disease. It is about feeling good in your body, having a clear mind, being emotionally well, and so much more. My goal as a naturopathic doctor is to seek the underlying obstacles standing in the way of health and to help guide people to the least invasive ways to remove those obstacles. I am also a huge supporter of integrative healthcare, and I love making referrals. Each healthcare provider brings a different set of tools, abilities, and a fresh perspective to healing. There is strength and synergy when different providers work together. People get better results and heal faster.
If you are interested in using naturopathic services as part of your integrative healthcare, please feel welcome to contact me through my website.