Are there times you've felt alone?
I have. I love being around people. Lots of funny, carefree and drama free people. However even though socialization with society is something I very much desire, it's not something I have always been privileged to.
For much of my life I have felt all alone. I can remember a time; right after my second child was born … loneliness consumed me.
The god of this world had shown me through my life circumstances, my personality and my choices that I would never be good enough. He had convinced me that my husband and my girls would have a better life if I wasn't a part of it. My oldest daughter was 2 and I felt like I had already made so many mistakes. I wanted something; no I wanted someone better for her. She deserved better … they all did.
These women saw me at my lowest, you know … the I have completely dropped my basket, snot pouring down my face, crying so hard my words aren't making sense, literally dangling from the last little piece of twine left on my rope … the time when Crazy (as we like to call this side of our personalities) has made her grand entrance, and there is no fixing Crazy! She is there. But thankfully, they prayed me back into reality.
These girls, my shell, my place of refuge, my Jesus with skin on, sheltered me from myself, and the lies Satan was telling me. They also surrounded me with the love of my Heavenly Father when I couldn't feel Him. He showed me through them that He had never left my side … not for one second of my life had I ever been out of His reach or without His love.
Over the past couple of years, God had continued to use these girls to show me who He is, and how faithful He is to keep His promises. We have been privilege to a front row seat of witnessing the miracles God has performed in each other's lives, but we have also had a front row seat to the pain, the heartaches, the grief, and the uncertainty. We have seen many wonderful things; things we know without a doubt it was all God.
But during those difficult times, His hand was not always visible. We wanted to believe He was there, protecting and shielding us … but when I got the phone call that one of my dearest friend's husband's was in emergency surgery that only had a 10% survival rate … you see another dear friend grieving over the unexpected loss of her brother … yet another whose just found out her mother had committed suicide … one who has a large, possibly cancerous mass in her jaw … another who spends weeks in unbearable pain and 8 days in ICU and still they aren't sure what caused the pain or the double vision that may be permanent … and one who watches all of us with our babies, and yet for some reason couldn't have one of her own … we were all straining to see Him, praying we'd catch a glimpse.
Friend I'm here to tell you … during each and every one of those dark days … some of the darkest I've seen He was there, hurting right alongside us. God was there!
And guess what He's there for you too!
God was definitely in and at those places.
He was with my friend as she answered a call made from her mom's cell only to find her aunt on the other end explaining why she'd never hear her mother's voice again.
He was with my friend as she desperately wanted relief from the pain that was overtaking her body; the excruciating pain that morphine wouldn't touch.
And He was with my friend as she struggled with the thought of never hearing anyone call her "Mommy". He was with her through all the tests. He was with her through the IVF process. He was with her when she lost those precious little babies. He was also with her when He place one precious little girl in her womb. When no one else knew her … He was there.
Why … because you matter to Him … YOU Matter To HIM!!
Father thank You so much that You've always been. There has never been a time where You weren't there. You didn't need to be formed or created. You just were and You still are. Everything that we could ever need, we can find in You. What joy fills my soul that no matter what we endure, You are there, going before us, making a way where there isn't one. You are far more than we will ever deserve. And if we will just trust You, You hand will become evident, because it's never left us. For it's in Jesus name I pray … amen!


I used to have a situation where many people did many things with great enthusiasm. Sounds familiar? This resulted in a non standard environment. To make sure that all SCCM Clients have the same CACHE SIZE, we need to first gather that CACHE SIZE with SCCM before we can create any Device Collections to hunt down wrong SCCM client cache sizes. Wrong CACHE SIZES can occur when SCCM clients are installed with different parameters or altered manually.
In an SCCM controlled environment, a system without SCCM client is malfunctioning. Therefore you must be able to monitor that all the systems in your environment actually have the SCCM client. A fully operational SCCM and a workstation without SCCM client will mean that the workstation is not receiving any application updates, any OS updates and might even download OS updates them directly from MS without any restrictions (depending on other settings outside SCCM in your environment). So you really ought to fix these.
You are in a need to gather all Windows XP workstations with or without a SCCM client. You will first need to create a Device Collection: all Windows XP workstations with or without SCCM client (limiting collection: All Systems). Then create the: all Windows XP workstations without SCCM client (limiting collection: all XP workstations with or without client).


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Q: What operation is being done for this set of values? I have a table that looks like the following:
    A   B   C
A | B   A   C
B | A   C   A
C | C   A   B

Some operation is being done between an element in the first row and an element in the first column but I don't know what it is. The table looks like a familiar operation but I can't quite remember. Help would be greatly appreciated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Wonder Woman Has Warner Brothers By The Balls By Demanding Them Sever Ties With Brett Ratner
Page Six- "Wonder Woman" star Gal Gadot is continuing to battle accused Hollywood sexual harasser Brett Ratner by refusing to sign for a superhero sequel unless the movie-maker is completely killed from the franchise.
A Hollywood source tells Page Six that Gadot — who last month backed out of a dinner honoring Ratner, where she was due to present him with an award — is taking a strong stance on sexual harassment in Hollywood and doesn't want her hit "Wonder Woman" franchise to benefit a man accused of sexual misconduct.
Ratner's production company RatPac-Dune Entertainment helped produce "Wonder Woman" as part of its co-financing deal with Warner Bros. The movie has grossed more than $400 million internationally, and Ratner's company will take a healthy share of the profits. A Warner Bros. insider explained, "Brett made a lot of money from the success of 'Wonder Woman,' thanks to his company having helped finance the first movie. Now Gadot is saying she won't sign for the sequel unless Warner Bros. buys Brett out [of his financing deal] and gets rid of him."
The source added of Israeli-born Gadot, "She's tough and stands by her principles. She also knows the best way to hit people like Brett Ratner is in the wallet. She also knows that Warner Bros. has to side with her on this issue as it develops. They can't have a movie rooted in women's empowerment being part-financed by a man accused of sexual misconduct against women."
This past week, Warner Bros. announced it was severing ties with Ratner amid multiple sexual-harassment allegations leveled against him by actresses including Olivia Munn and Natasha Henstridge. Ratner has vehemently denied the allegations through his attorney, Marty Singer.
Earlier this month, Gadot posted on Instagram: "Bullying and sexual harassment is unacceptable! I stand by all the courageous women confronting their fears and speaking out. Together we stand.
We are all united in this time of change."
Reps for Gadot and Ratner did not comment.
A rep for Warner Bros said only, "False."
Its pretty cut and dry here the answer for Warner Brothers…..
Not only is Wonder Woman great at fighting nazis but she's also good for raking in close to 1 billion dollars off of 1 movie alone. With her appearance in BvS and Justice League opening this week, She's apart of a 3.1 billion dollar franchise and is only gonna bring in more money. Brett Ratner is only a cash cow at this point. I mean EPs just finance movies really but Gadot's pretty much proven shes worth it since her movie came out with resounding success. I mean what are you gonna pick a guy with a checkbook writing 100 million or Wonder Woman who alone brings in 8 times as much? Its Hollywood in a nutshell, it all comes down to the money. Everyone who's seen season 4 of Entourage knew Harvey Weinstein was a cocksucker and from there you can pretty much put together that he probably used his power and leverage in Hollywood to get some pussy. That season came out 10 years ago. Now with growing social media influencing everyone and their mother, its starting to hurt an already injured film industry. Now a second component to this is the name.
Do people think Brett Ratner is a house hold name? I was talking to my buddies about this, one who's a film student and one who's not and he said he didnt know who Brett Ratner was. Should people know who Brett Ratner is? Don't get me wrong, I love all the Rush Hours and knew he did one of the X-men movies but besides that we're not talking about the next Scorsese or anything. And his movies aren't preposterously bad enough to be known like Michael Bay. I mean that in itself has to be a reason they just close the doors on the guy right? Name power and money is king in Hollywood and right now both of those go to Gadot.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Brett Ratner, Gal Gadot, hollywood, hollywood hills, Warner Brothers, Weinstein, Wonder Woman on November 12, 2017 by edlee.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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16 Nov 12 28 Nov 16
Syria: "A more oppressive type of danger"
MSF surgeon Paul McMaster is just back from Syria where he treated the wounded in an operating theatre set up in a cave and then a farm. Experienced in working in war zones, in Syria he found a 'more oppressive type of danger'.
Interview with Paul McMaster
I flew into Turkey, and then we went up to the low mountains near the border, where we were picked up by a guide who took us through the forests and hills and into Syria.
Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without Borders (MSF) has four surgical teams working in the conflict zone in the northwest of Syria. Our team was working in a cave. We went in through a very small entrance. Inside, there was an inflatable operating tent and six emergency beds.
Professor Paul McMaster, Chair of the Board of MSF UK, is used to working in war zones. In Syria, however, he found
Everything took place in that area, and it was often hectic and difficult for people to move around. Still, it was remarkable to have created a sterile environment, with all the right surgical equipment, in what was essentially a dusty chalk cave.
We were staying 15 minutes away in a very small village. Most of us were sleeping on the floor in the basement room of the mosque. The villagers were happy for us to be there. Every day a lady in the village cooked a whole lot of flat bread, so we lived on that, and beans.
Quite a lot of the population had left the area for refugee camps on the other side of the border with Turkey. But there are still significant numbers of older people, women and children remaining, and these are the areas that are being rocketed and bombed from helicopters.
Helicopter gunships
The helicopters travel around slowly and hover over towns before dropping large bombs, and these things cascade down and cause an enormous blast and destroy buildings. The bombing of the towns and villages was happening every day.
When they explode in the mountains, the bombs create enormous explosions of sound which reverberate through the hills and are clearly very frightening for people. On our last morning in the cave, several landed within a couple of hundred metres of us, shaking the cave and bringing down dust. You didn't quite know whether you were better off outside or inside. It's very unsettling for everybody, especially for wounded patients and children.
In our team there was a surgeon, an anaesthetist, an emergency nurse, two doctors, a Syrian nurse in her early 30s, who was just inspirational – never tired, always organised, always smiling – and about 11 young women from the villages who we were slowly training to do basic nursing.
Civilian patients
The entrance of the inflatable surgical unit inside MSF's field hospital in northern Syria. Syria 2012 © MSF
The entrance of the inflatable surgical unit inside MSF
The majority of our patients were civilians – old people, women, children, babies. Many had been wounded in bombings and had shrapnel injuries. Sometimes the injuries weren't physically serious, but emotionally and psychologically they were very damaging indeed.
One night we were called in and there were two distraught women with three screaming babies. Their house had been literally demolished by a bomb, and these children had shrapnel wounds to their faces – the wounds were not life threatening, but they were in great distress and anguish.
Another night a man in his late 30s was brought in by a very excitable crowd of fighters. He'd been shot through his chest, we had very limited blood supplies, and his condition was so unstable that I doubted he'd make it through the night. But he pulled through, and the determination he showed was quite remarkable.
I remember another man who came in with severe shrapnel wounds to his leg. The blast had gone through his leg and damaged the main nerve, but not the main blood vessel. He had lost two or three of his family in the blast. We operated on him, but afterwards he lost all motivation to get better – he'd lost his home, he'd lost many of his family, and he faced a potentially crippling injury. It's really very difficult for people.
Over the last five or six weeks, we did about 100 operations and treated many more casualties. We also saw diabetics who had run out of medication, children with asthma, women who needed caesarean sections.
No access to healthcare
These people have had no access to effective healthcare for over a year. Some people might be able to make it over the mountains to Turkey to get treatment, but for many that's just not an option.
When you're faced with casualties, the surgery is fairly straightforward. You do what's called damage limitation surgery to stop haemorrhages and deal with damaged internal organs. The difficulty came when we moved to the reconstructive phase – things like physiotherapy and rehabilitation and more complex orthopaedics – this was work we just couldn't do in the cave.
You can get overwhelmed. When it became fairly clear that medically we were struggling to cope with the patients in the cave, we closed it and transferred our patients and the team to a new location. It was a farm – so not a great upgrade.
A wounded patient lies on the operating table in MSF
The new hospital was a long, open building, and in the space of just four or five days, the logisticians managed to create an inflatable operating theatre, an emergency triage area, a sterilisation unit, an outpatient consulting area, and an inpatient and recovery area – it was a staggering achievement.
It wasn't perfect, it still looked a bit like a farm, but it created much more space to treat casualties.
We moved half the patients on Thursday and the rest on Friday, and by Saturday we were operating in the new location.
Danger from above
I've worked in many difficult places with MSF – war zones like Sri Lanka, Ivory Coast and Somalia – but while in those countries it was dangerous on the ground, in Syria the danger always comes from the air. It's a much more oppressive type of danger, having a helicopter hovering in the sky above you.
Many of the towns are like ghost towns, with the buildings blasted or destroyed. There's a hopeless, desperate air about the place. Most people are living in cellars. They've had no electricity for eight or nine months.
It's very bleak indeed and winter is beginning now. I think people are really going to struggle, and the most vulnerable will struggle most. For the civilian population, trying to light little fires in their basements, it's going to be a very long, hard, cold, dangerous winter.


NHC HealthCare, Bluffton has earned a 5-Star Quality Rating from Medicare.gov.
Their Five-Star Rating System was created to help consumers, their families and caregivers compare nursing homes more easily and to help identify areas about which one may want to ask questions. Reviewing health inspection results, staffing data and quality measure data are three important ways to measure a nursing home's quality. Nursing homes with 5 stars are considered to have much above average quality than 1 star.
Learn more about how nursing home ratings are calculated.
Find out more about using Nursing Home Compare on Medicare.gov, the Official U. S. Government Site for Medicare.
NHC HealthCare, Bluffton was awarded the American Health Care Association (AHCA) National Bronze Commitment to Quality Award. This award represents recognition of the center's commitment to providing quality long-term care and post-acute services.


The Dorset Halls Networks aims to provide our affiliated halls to promote their hall to the outside world; access important and relevant information about running halls today; and providing opportunities for hall trustees to share experiences and provide each other with peer support.
Support for village and community halls falls to Dorset Community Action as the Rural Community Council for Dorset and it provides this service through the Village and Community Halls Advisory Service and the part time post of Village and Community Halls Adviser. The Halls Adviser works closely with the Dorset Village Halls Association which is a members organisation run by and for Dorset's village halls.


In 1962, Fry engineered the merger of the ULCA with three other independent bodies – the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church of America, the American Evangelical Lutheran Church and the Augustana Lutheran Church – to form the 3.3 million-member Lutheran Church in America (LCA), presiding over remarkable denominational growth at the time. Fry is also credited with sowing the seeds for the eventual 1988 merger to form the current Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
Fry sharpened many of his intellectual tools at the seminary, but not always in a typical way. A Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Hamilton College, Fry and other classmates disapproved harshly of the inferior training they received at the still young seminary.
"I recalled that as a seminarian Franklin Clark Fry had been a brilliant student, faithful and conscientious in his work, and even in class attendance, but highly critical of the curriculum and of many members of the faculty," said the Rev. Dr. Luther D. Reed, who gave remarks about Fry's seminary years during a dinner honoring the ULCA leader in 1955. Reed, eminent professor of liturgy at the school, its librarian and its President (1938-45), shared his remarks in a chapter found in Franklin Clark Fry: A Palette for a Portrait, a 1972 supplementary number of the Lutheran Quarterly, edited by Robert H. Fischer.
"It had been fully expected that his father, Dr. Franklin Foster Fry, would be elected to succeed his grandfather, Dr. Jacob Fry, as professor of practical theology in the Philadelphia Seminary," Reed said. "When the board of directors met, however, for some reason unknown to me, they elected Dr. John Conrad Seegers to this position. Franklin Clark Fry took this as an insult to his family, and he came to the seminary with chips on both shoulders. He himself had the advantage of excellent education with a year as graduate research assistant in Athens (Greece)….He soon detected weaknesses in the curriculum and the faculty and openly showed his scorn of both, while meticulously meeting all requirements of the institution.
With stringent modern-day accreditation standards leading to frequent curriculum changes and demanding standards, it would be hard to imagine such a harsh critique today.


This painting in mixed media is a feast of colour. It would look great hung over your mantle piece or as part of a gallery wall. It's a stunning landscape bringing life and colour to your interior. Both Abi and Roz have worked on it, layering up their individual styles to create this unique painting technique.


Saranac Lake Inn is proud to be designated a Platinum Audubon property- the highest eco-rating in North America!
At our family-owned waterfront hotel in Saranac Lake, we offer a variety of different accommodations to fit any style, occasion or budget. Whether you're looking for a lakefront view to enjoy a breathtaking sunset, or a balcony to escape into the comfort of an Adirondack chair after a day of outdoor adventure, our Saranac Lake accommodations are both comfortable and timeless. Inside and out our award winning rooms have been remodeled GREEN to ensure your comfort and to lessen our impact on the environment. Furnished with vintage and sustainable fabrics, recycled tiles, natural OH-SO sweet honey bath amenities, and organic linens - Experience the chic comfort and style derived from mother nature. View our full amenity list here.
Established in 1923, Gauthier's Saranac lake Inn was a fixture of Saranac Lake, and one of the first lodging properties in the Village. Situated on the lake, families and friends found Gauthier's to be the perfect place for an ideal Adirondack vacation. Over time, the property grew with additional buildings built in the 1950's and 1960's. It is our goal to maintain the original charm of the establishment and provide a modern and fresh property; complete with the retro feeling of it's history, brought into today's comforts- all with an eco-conscience twist!
Pick and choose from our variety of rooms below to complete your Adirondack vacation, and make a reservation to stay at Saranac Lake Inn today!
Take advantage of guest bikes to get around easily! So many recreation amenities to choose from!


Art gallery and shop in the heart of Falkland's historic village and only a few steps from the entrance to Falkland Palace. Featuring a dynamic range of artists and designers from Fife and beyond. Original paintings, Giclee prints, ceramics, sculpture and jewellery. Framing service available.


The Select-Box is a versatile folding-arm awning for medium-sized shaded areas. The patented semicassette hides the roller tube and fabric when the awning is retracted, which protects the fabric from wind, rain and other environmental effects. The sleek, low profile of the Select-Box, where only the arms show, also makes this awning a natural choice for roof mounting.
The awnings are operated with either a standard gear and crank or an optional electric motor. The electric motor also allows for the use of various remote controls and sun and wind sensors. The Select-Box is conveniently available in the drop-down Volant-Plus valance, which also provides additional protection against glare.


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Blog Facilitators
Wrong place, wrong time: The next logical step in environmental, planning and climate change jurisprudence
27/03/2019 / AUSPUBLAW / 0 Comments
BY MATT FLORO AND JASPER BROWN
On 8 February 2019, Chief Judge Preston of the NSW Land and Environment Court (LEC) handed down his landmark decision in Gloucester Resources Limited v Minister for Planning [2019] NSWLEC 7 (GRL v Minister), dismissing an appeal against refusal of consent to the proposed Rocky Hill Coal Project (Project) in the Gloucester Valley on the mid-north coast of NSW.
Preston CJ dismissed the appeal because the proposed greenfield coal mine would be:
in the "wrong place" because of the Project's unacceptable planning, amenity, visual and social impacts; and
at the "wrong time" because of the Project's unacceptable cumulative contribution to global climate change.
In commenting on the decision, law firms and the media have emphasised Preston CJ's reasoning on climate change. Indeed, his Honour's landmark decision is the first time in Australia (and perhaps the world) where a Court has refused consent to a coal mine because of its impacts on climate change. It is also the first time an Australian court has accepted the urgent need to stay within the global carbon budget in the context of a proposed coal mine.
Nonetheless, GRL v Minister should not be misinterpreted as a radical judgment, but rather viewed as a ground-breaking, yet orthodox, development in environmental law. Preston CJ's reasoning on the "wrong place" and "wrong time" factors is situated carefully within the context of NSW environmental and planning legislation that mandates consideration of the public interest, the principles of ecologically sustainable development (ESD), and impacts on climate change.
GRL v Minister can be considered the next logical step in environmental, planning and climate change jurisprudence. Preston CJ's reasoning builds on previous NSW case law and international jurisprudence, while accepting the latest expert evidence on planning, amenity, visual, social, economic, climate change and coal demand issues. Indeed, it is his Honour's review of the latest expert evidence that allows him to dismiss common "defences" to fossil fuel development impacts on climate change, such as the "market substitution" defence.
On 18 December 2012, Gloucester Resources Limited (GRL) submitted a State significant development application for the Project to the then Department of Planning and Infrastructure (now the Department of Planning and Environment) (Department).
On 11 August 2016, GRL lodged an amended development application for the Project. The amended development application proposed an open-cut coal mine that would produce 21 million tonnes of run-of-mine coking coal over a period of 16 years.
On 18 October 2017, the Department recommended that the Planning Assessment Commission (PAC) refuse consent to the Project.
On 14 December 2017, the PAC, as the Minister's delegate, refused consent to the Project, citing contravention of zoning objectives, significant visual impact and the Project not being in the public interest. Five days later, GRL filed a merits appeal in the LEC under section 97 (now section 8.7) of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (EP&A Act).
In April 2018, Groundswell Gloucester Inc (GG Inc.), a not-for-profit Gloucester community group, successfully applied to join the merits appeal based on the Project's unacceptable social impacts and impact on greenhouse gases (GHG).
Preston CJ's findings
The Minister's principal contention for why the Project should be refused was that it was incompatible with other land uses in the Project's vicinity, in contravention of clause 12(a) of the State Environmental Planning Policy (Mining, Petroleum Production and Extractive Industries) 2007 (Mining SEPP).
Preston CJ found that, due to its visual, social and amenity impacts, the Project would have a significant impact on the likely preferred uses in the vicinity and was incompatible with the existing, approved, or likely preferred uses. Further, GRL's proposed measures would not avoid or minimise this incompatibility.
The Minister's other main contention was that the Project's residual visual impact would be significant.
Preston CJ accepted expert evidence that the landscape within the Project's visual catchment was of high visual quality and had high landscape values, and that the land uses in the vicinity had high sensitivity to the changes proposed by the Project. His Honour drew attention to the proposed large amenity barriers and the "even more massive" permanent overburden emplacements, which would "look out of place in the existing landscape". His Honour also acknowledged the landscape's cultural significance to Aboriginal people.
Social and amenity
GG Inc., with whom the Minister agreed, contended that the Project would have a significant social impact on the Gloucester community, contrary to the public interest and the principles of ESD.
Preston CJ determined the Project's social impacts using the Department's 2017 Social Impact Assessment Guideline (Guideline), a policy document intended to provide direction on assessing the social impacts of State significant resource projects.
In considering the Guideline, Preston CJ found, among other things:
the "moderate positive social impact of the mine on local employment and the local economy may, however, be countered by negative social impacts";
a "large majority of the community oppose the Project";
the Project would "severely impact on people's sense of place", resulting in an "extreme" social risk rating;
GRL had failed to assess the social impacts of the Project on Aboriginal people;
the potential impacts on health, wellbeing and amenity warranted "extreme" social risk ratings;
"most of the articulated fears and aspirations of people who oppose the Project are reasonable and have justification in the evidence";
the Project would result in distributive inequity, as the benefits of the Project would accrue to the current generation but the disbenefits of the Project would burden current and future generations; and
the negative social impacts would not be able to mitigated or managed.
His Honour also found that although the noise and dust impacts would comply with the relevant non-discretionary development standards in clause 12AB of the Mining SEPP, this did not preclude consideration of the social impacts of noise and dust.
His Honour determined that although the Project's refusal was justified on planning, visual and social impacts "alone", the impacts on climate change added "a further reason for refusal".
GG Inc. contended that the Project should be refused because the Project's GHG emissions would adversely impact upon measures to limit global climate change, contrary to the public interest and the principles of ESD.
Emeritus Professor Will Steffen, GG Inc.'s climate change expert, adduced evidence on the carbon budget, which is the most robust way to determine the rate of emissions reductions required to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. The carbon budget limits the cumulative amount of total additional CO2 emissions that can be allowed consistent with the 1.5º to 2º C global temperature rise target.
Professor Steffen stated that there were 215 Gt C (billion tonnes of carbon, emitted as CO2) left before the carbon budget was exhausted. At the present rate of emissions (~10 Gt C per year), that would mean that the carbon budget would be exhausted in 21-22 years. Accordingly, Professor Steffen opined that fossil fuel combustion must be phased out quickly and no new fossil fuel development (including the Project) was consistent with the carbon budget approach.
Conversely, GRL argued that coal from the Project should be allowed to be exploited for four main reasons.
First, GRL submitted that the carbon budget would not necessarily be exceeded because reductions in emissions or increases in the removal of GHGs by sinks could "net out" the GHG impact of the Project. Preston CJ rejected this argument, stating there was no evidence of any specific action to "net out" the Project's emissions.
Second, GRL submitted that refusing approval to individual coal mines such as the Project would not achieve least cost abatement. Preston CJ rejected this argument, stating that if a consent authority determined that a development was unacceptable because of impacts on climate change:
it would not be rational to nevertheless approve the development because greater emissions reductions could be achieved from other sources at lower cost by other persons or bodies.
Third, GRL submitted that the Project's GHG emissions would occur regardless of whether the Project was approved. Coking coal would be sourced elsewhere because of its limited substitutes, resulting in at least the same amount of emissions ("market substitution" or "drug dealers' defence"). Further, coal mining would move to countries with less stringent climate change policies, leading to an increase in emissions ("carbon leakage").
Preston CJ rejected these arguments, finding that there was no certainty or evidence that market substitution would occur as countries were increasingly acting to combat climate change. His Honour added:
The potential for a hypothetical but uncertain alternative development to cause the same unacceptable environmental impact is not a reason to approve a definite development that will certainly cause the unacceptable environmental impacts.
Fourth, GRL submitted that the Project's GHG emissions were justifiable because the Project was a coking, not thermal, coal mine. Preston CJ found that GRL overstated this argument. His Honour found that the "current and likely future demand for coking coal can be met … by other coking coal mines, both existing and approved, in Australia."
There was no evidence that "carbon leakage" would occur.
After dealing with GRL's arguments, Preston CJ considered that the Project's Scope 3 emissions were relevant to be considered because they were part of GRL's own Environmental Impact Statement. Importantly, consideration of Scope 3 emissions was required by clause 14(2) of the Mining SEPP and clause 4.15(1)(b) of the EP&A Act, and was consistent with existing case law.
Drawing on the science in Professor Steffen's carbon budget approach, Preston CJ found that the "direct and indirect GHG emissions of the [Project] will contribute cumulatively to the global total GHG emissions". In other words, there was a "causal link" between the Project's cumulative GHG emissions and global climate change.
Consistent with the Dutch Urgenda case, his Honour stated that it "matters not that this aggregate of the Project's GHG emissions may represent a small fraction of the global total of GHG emissions."
His Honour stated that to address the global problem of climate change, what was needed was "multiple local actions to mitigate emissions by sources and remove GHGs by sinks."
Nonetheless, his Honour acknowledged there is "no proscription on approval of new sources of GHG emissions, such as new coal mines". His Honour declined to adopt a "policy decision" of no new fossil fuel development.
Instead, Preston CJ determined that the better approach to evaluating a fossil fuel development was to consider the impact of the development on climate change, as well as other impacts, in "absolute" or "relative" terms:
1. In absolute terms, a fossil fuel development may lead to
a sufficiently large source of GHG emissions that refusal of the development could be seen to make a meaningful contribution to remaining within the carbon budget and achieving the long term temperature goal;
2. In relative terms,
[o]ther things being equal, it would be rational to refuse fossil fuel developments with greater environmental, social and economic impacts than fossil fuel developments with lesser environmental, social and economic impacts.
Accordingly, his Honour held that the Project demonstrated "poor environmental and social performance in relative terms". Although the Project was not one of Australia's largest coal mines, it had unacceptable planning, visual and social impacts, which alone justified refusal. In the Court's weighing of relative impacts, the Project's impacts on climate change added a further rationale for rejection, particularly considering the urgent need to stay within the carbon budget to abide by global temperature limits. These negative impacts were not outweighed by the purported economic benefits, which his Honour found were "significantly overstated".
GRL v Minister is a landmark decision, but it is far from radical. It is persuasive authority, but it is not binding. It is founded on NSW environmental and planning legislation and is consistent with established NSW case law and international jurisprudence. It is, in some respects, a conventional planning decision. Nonetheless, its acceptance of up-to-date expert evidence on a kaleidoscope of issues, notably climate change, makes it a decision for the twenty-first century – and environmental law's next logical step.
Could there be a step backwards?
On 5 March 2019, GRL filed a notice of intention to appeal the decision to the NSW Court of Appeal. GRL now has until 8 May 2019 to file a notice of appeal.
The environment now waits in relative silence.
Matt Floro is the EDO NSW Solicitor with carriage of the case on behalf of Groundswell Gloucester. Jasper Brown is a volunteer researcher at EDO NSW and part of the legal team behind the case.
Suggested citation: Matt Floro and Jasper Brown, 'Wrong place, wrong time: The next logical step in environmental, planning and climate change jurisprudence' on AUSPUBLAW (27 March 2019) <https://auspublaw.org/2019/03/wrong-place,-wrong-time/>
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Speed is Relative is the unofficial motto of Fast Snail®, a statement that validates itself daily, especially as we snails, ahem, age/mature/become more interesting. It is also spelled out in black and white on this comfortable 100% cotton t-shirt, so it must be true.
Front design features the Fast Snail® with the words "Speed is Relative" typed beneath him. The back has a small Fast Snail® logo high on the shoulder.
This great graphic piece of attire is a man's shirt- so ladies, if this is for you, please gauge your size selection accordingly. It is a standard comfortable fit, not too tight or too loose. Limited quantities available.
For additional Fast Snail sizes and styles, please visit the Fast Snail store on CafePress.


Making your own homemade paint with kids is a rewarding process that helps children understand that store-bought is not the only way! Using a combination of salt, flour, and water, this recipe is beyond simple.
My toddler is at that stage where she loves squeezing paint out of the bottles. I gave into this to give her the chance to explore this phenomena, but after using an inordinate amount of paint in the process, I thought it might be more frugal to make a batch of homemade salt and flour paint for more economical squeeze painting.
This homemade paint recipe is simple, non-toxic, and it costs next to nothing to make. Not to mention it's pretty rewarding to make your own art materials. I made these while my daughter was napping, but next time I'll include her in the process. The following recipe makes enough paint to fill 3 2 ounce bottles (affiliate).
Keep in mind that this paint is perfect for exploring the process of painting, but it's not great for creating a masterpiece to hang above the mantle. In essence, it's not a tempera or acrylic paint replacement!
Divide it up into three sandwich bags and add a few drops of liquid watercolor or food coloring to each bag.
Squish them up until the "paint" is well blended. Use Ziplock bags if small children are helping with this step. Add more water if you'd like a thinner paint. Cut a corner off the baggie and squeeze the paint mixture into your squeeze bottle.
This homemade paint came out pretty thick, and was a little hard to squeeze. Next time we'll dilute it with a bit more water. The good news is that the paint dries quickly. The squeeze paintings we made with regular tempera paint (2 days ago) are still wet, while these are already completely dry! And they have a nice puffy, sparkly texture too!
What's your favorite kind of paint and/or painting process?
Our favorite toddler art recipe homemade playdough. It's easy to make, non-toxic, and inexpensive. This recipe has been successfully used thousands of times.
I set N up with some paint pots and a large sheet of paper — our favorite way to paint big as of late. After smearing some paint around and taking a few stabs at mixing colors, she asked me for more purple paint. The paint pot wasn't empty, and the real story ended up being that she wanted to SQUEEZE more paint into the paint pot. Of course she did! Toddlers adore squeezing, as we've noted with glue bottles, water bottles, and glitter glue. So I handed her the bottle, and the following drip and splatter-fest took place.
At a later point I encouraged her to walk through the paint to make footprints, which unfortunately led to a messy paint disaster that included falling into a big slippery puddle of paint. This led to laughing and commotion, but since my hands were then full with towels and buckets of water, I'll spare you the image and leave the result to your imagination.
The timing was perfect because I just ordered a set of Nancy Paint Bottles, and they arrived late in yesterday's mail. After N went to bed I filled them with paint, ready for morning squeezing experiments!
The splatters that came out of the almost empty bottles were rewarding in their own way. This isn't the most economical way to use paint with a squeeze-happy toddler, but as she gets older I'm sure she'll become more judicious with the paint pouring. I also envision other squeeze bottle experiments with glue, flour mixtures, and liquid watercolors.
What kind of squeeze bottle experiments have you had in your home or school? Do you have any other ideas for materials that could be squeezed?


Cloud-based GPS tracking has never been easier. Log into our secure portal from any desktop or mobile anywhere. There is no software to install or maintain. With worldwide Google maps, multiple language capability and a sophisticated security interface, GPS Commander can be configured to align with the needs of virtually any organization.
GPS Commander's cloud-based GPS tracking portal combines the latest web technologies in a user-friendly interface for reliable, functional fleet tracking. There is no software to install or maintain. GPS Commander is hosted in a professional data center to provide a highly stable, scalable architecture. With worldwide Google maps, multiple language capabilities and a sophisticated security interface, GPS Commander can be configured to align with the needs of virtually any organization.
For example, fleets can be segmented to match the divisional or geographic needs of organizations. Tracking portal access logins and their associated privileges can also be finely aligned with corporate hierarchical needs.
GPS Commander's Dashboard allows fleet managers to fine tune the layout of their tracking portal to suit personal preferences. Default maps can be created with initial map view set as a road map, satellite view or hybrid view that combines both. At any time, click a button to hide the dashboard for full-screen map views.
The easy-to-use interface provides for both real-time and historical tracking of people, assets, vehicles and trailers. Customize your vehicle icons, device and vehicle names, and alerts at any time. Set up on-screen and email alerts to notify managers of speeding, vehicle input and location based infractions that you've custom defined through the dashboard.
The quick search function and one-touch filters let you choose whether to view real-time GPS tracking information for one particular device or group of devices. Historical positions are numbered chronologically for simple analysis. Toolbars provide one-touch access to historical playback, export to Excel, zoom, pan and other useful map functions. At any time, switch to real-time Google Earth view or export an entire historical track to Google Earth.
GPS Commander allows Fleet Supervisors to create unlimited Landmarks in order to add context to the tracking system. Landmarks can be used to identify job sites, employee homes, frequent customer locations and so on… GPS tracking activity at these Landmarks will then be identified in both live and historical GPS tracking views and reports. For example, you could quickly analyze your on-time performance for deliveries to your repeat clients or calculate actual time on a job site for billing or payroll purposes.
In addition, GPS Commander's cloud-based tracking portal includes a powerful Geo-Fence editor can be used to create boundaries that can then be assigned to specific employees, vehicles or assets in your organization. Receive on-screen and email alerts when these boundaries are violated. For example, alert your Security Department if one of your assets leaves a job site or alert an important customer when one of your vehicles arrives at their location.
GPS Commander allows fleet managers to easily configure alerts. Over 30 types of alerts can be created, including Ignition On, Extended Idle, Door Open, Speeding, Panic Alarm, Boundary Crossed, Trailer Detached, PTO On, etc.
Each configured alert can then be assigned to a pre-defined alert level, which defines the type of notification a Fleet Manager will receive when the alert is activated. For example, a Level One alert may have a Green Alert Icon; produce a specific sound on the user's PC and pop up an on-screen alert notice. A Level 5 Alert may have a Red Icon, play an emergency alarm type of sound, pop up an on-screen alert and send a pre-defined email to specific Supervisors.
Alerts can be defined to suit a particular customer situation. For example, a Towing company may wish to receive Level 1 Alerts for speeding infractions, Level 2 Alerts for PTO activity, Level 3 Alerts for Boundary infractions and Level 5 Alerts for Driver Emergency. Each of these alerts would follow the pre-defined notification settings.
In addition to receiving real-time alerts, Fleet Manager may look up historical alerts with their accompanying GPS location information or produce on-screen, PDF or printed reports.
Alert Report –summary of alerts, including ignition on/off, speeding, boundary, idling, sensors, etc.


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#187 Scott Fletcher
Card thoughts: Another picture a Tiger Stadium, although this one's a bit more interesting than the others, as you can clearly see the scoreboard, and I guess the press box, behind Fletcher (although the press box seems pretty far down the line). The time says: 92:18?
The player: Fletcher was the rare player who was involved in a trade between the Cubs and their southside rivals the White Sox. There have been only 6 trades between the teams in the last 20 years. He also holds the distinction of being drafted first by three different organizations (A's, Astros and Cubs).
An excellent minor league shortstop, Fletcher was blocked by #178 Ivan De Jesus with the Cubs. After two September callups, he was dealt to the White Sox for Steve Trout and Warren Brusstar. Fletcher established himself as the White Sox primary shortstop in 1984, and hit around .250 with little power but good speed. The emergence of Ozzie Guillen the next season shoved Fletcher back into a utility role.
Now expendable, he was traded to the Rangers, where he would have his best offensive seasons. In his first year with his new team, Fletcher hit a career high .300, and even had a strong .400 slugging percentage on the strength of his 34 doubles. He had another strong offensive season in 1987, establishing career highs in hits (169) and runs batted in (63). In 1988, his average remained high, but his power numbers slipped badly: Only 16% of his 142 hits were for extra bases.
But the Rangers lost their head, and signed Fletcher to the first annual deal worth more than $1 million in team history. There were other people enamored with him. Future president (then Rangers owner) George W. Bush named his dog after him (Spot Fetcher Bush).
The Rangers soon regretted their decision (no word on whether Bush ever had any regrets on the dog's name), and Fletcher was gone by the mid-season to following year. This may be one of the worst trades in Rangers history, as future all stars Sammy Sosa and Wilson Alvarez came along to the White Sox for a washed up Harold Baines and a never was Fred Manrique. Fletcher moved back into a starting role, this time as a second baseman. In his first full year back with the Sox, he got into 151 games, the second most in his career, but could only manage a .242 average and 56 RBIs. The next season was the worst of his career, as he struggled with the bat all season, hitting only .206, eventually losing his starting job to Joey Cora.
Fletcher would have two more seasons as a regular second baseman, one each with the Brewers and Red Sox. In both cases, Fletcher had his typical season: Decent average, little power, double digits in steals. He did hit over 30 doubles with the Red Sox in 1993, probably due to the presence of the Green Monster.
After two more seasons as a backup (with the Red Sox and Tigers), Fletcher retired in 1995. Bill James rates him as one of the top 200 shortstops of all time, although he implies that Fletcher was little more than a lineup filler. He currently serves as the assistant hitting coach to former teammate #123 Greg Walker on the Atlanta Braves.
Rear guard: Fletcher's first home run came in 100-degree heat against the Twins; Fletcher also drove in three runs and had a single and a triple as well.
I always get Luke Appling mixed up with Luis Aparacio. Like Aparacio, Appling made the Hall of Fame as a shortstop with the White Sox. Appling had only 45 career home runs, but boy, could he hit. I find it amazing that it took 46 years for a White Sox player to hit an inside the park home run at Comiskey, considering how fast the White Sox teams generally were. Here's Luke Appling's 1950 Bowman card.
This date in baseball history: Tryouts are granted to Terris McDuffie and Dave Thomas, both black, at Ebbets Field, home of the Dodgers, as the first indication that the baseball color line was weakening.
Rob said...
In Graig Nettles' autobiography, "Balls," I seem to remember he makes fun of Fletcher for not using swear words (due to his faith). He yells something like "It's the big leagues, you're allowed to curse."
That time must be a countdown to game time.
#191 Wally Backman
#190 George Hendrick
#189 Mike Mason
#188 Bob Dernier
#186 Astros Leaders
#185 Rollie Fingers
#184 Tim Laudner
#183 Larry Andersen
#182 Bobby Brown
#181 Al Nipper
#180 Don Mattingly
#179 Stu Cliburn
#178 Ivan De Jesus
#177 Joel Youngblood
#176 Jay Tibbs


text:
Local elections were held in Cabuyao on May 13, 2013 within the Philippine general election. The total number of voters registered in the City of Cabuyao is 135,713 in 586 voting precincts. The voters elected for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, and ten councilors.

Cabuyao is a newly created city in the province of Laguna by virtue of Republic Act No. 10163 or the "Charter of the City of Cabuyao" ratified on August 4, 2012 by its people. Voters will no longer vote for eight councilors but they will elect ten city councilors as prescribed in the charter.

Overview
Incumbent Mayor Isidro "Jun" L. Hemedes Jr. decided to run for re-election under the Nacionalista Party, he was elected as Mayor since 2007 after defeating former Mayor Proceso "Etok" Aguillo in 2007 local elections. His opponent was former Mayor Nila Aguillo, the wife of Etok Aguillo, she is under the Liberal Party.

Hemedes' running mate is the incumbent Vice-Mayor Rommel "Mel" Gecolea. His opponent is city councilor Maria Wanda Alimagno, the running mate of Nila Aguillo.

Each team had their own set of ten candidates for city council. Nacionalista Party/Administration team was composed of five re-election candidates, Barangay Pulo Chairman Odilon I. Caparas and Barangay Marinig Chairman Emiliano T. Lirio and three other candidates. Under the Liberal Party/Opposition team were two re-election candidates, former vice-mayor Benjamin C. del Rosario, Barangay Sala Chairman Amelito G. Alimagno, Barangay Mamatid Councilor Gabriel Bariring. Notable candidates for Cabuyao City Council were Anna Liza Baldonado or popularly known as "Milagring" of the defunct TV program Wowowee and 6 Cycle Mind lead vocalist Tutti Caringal.

Candidates

Results

Mayoral elections
The candidates for mayor with the highest number of votes wins the seat; they are voted separately, therefore, they may be of different parties when elected.

Vice-mayoral elections
The candidates for Vice-mayor with the highest number of votes wins the seat; they are voted separately, therefore, they may be of different parties when elected.

City Council Elections

Voters elected ten councilors to comprise the City Council or the Sangguniang Panlungsod. Candidates were voted separately so there are chances where winning candidates will have unequal number of votes and may come from different political parties. The ten candidates with the highest number of votes win the seats.

|-
|bgcolor=black colspan=5|

References

External links
COMELEC - 2013 Election Results
Official website of the City of Cabuyao
Official website of the Commission on Elections
 Official website of National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL)
Official website of the Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV)

2013 Philippine local elections
Elections in Cabuyao
2013 elections in Calabarzon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Does light actually travel through glass? I am currently reading about the interactions between light and matter, but I keep coming across conflicting explanations.
My initial understanding (using classical electrodynamics) was that light (EM) waves do not actually travel through glass. Instead, they are absorbed by the atoms and/or electrons within the glass, which then emit new EM waves. The new EM waves emitted by the energised particles make up the forward-radiation, which is the light observed from the opposite side of the glass. So it appears as if light is travelling through the glass, but it's actually being absorbed and then re-emitted with (mostly) the same properties.
The article How Does Light Travel Through Glass? by Chad Orzel, based on a related SE question, confirms the above:

To understand the propagation of a wave through a medium, you can
  think of each component of the medium– atoms, in the case of a glass
  block– as being set into motion by the incoming wave, and then acting
  as a point source of its own waves.

But an answer to a different but related question, If light is made of particles, how does it pass through glass? conflicts with the above:

the electrons in glass are tightly bound to atoms so they are not free
  to move like the electrons in a metal and therefore they do not absorb
  the photons.

I know the above is referring to the quantum electrodynamics understanding, but I think it still conflicts as it claims that EM waves are not absorbed by the electrons in glass because they are too tightly bound to their atoms.
Also, the Wikipedia page on reflection provides a small explanation of the mechanics behind refraction within glass, which kind of conflicts with both of the above:

In the case of dielectrics such as glass, the electric field of the
  light acts on the electrons in the material, and the moving electrons
  generate fields and become new radiators. The refracted light in the
  glass is the combination of the forward radiation of the electrons and
  the incident light. The reflected light is the combination of the
  backward radiation of all of the electrons.

From my understanding, the above claims that some of the light is absorbed and re-emitted by the electrons (which conflicts with the linked answer), and that the rest of the incident light travels through the glass (makes up the rest of the refracted light) (which I think conflicts with the linked article, claiming the light is absorbed (although the article doesn't technically state whether all of the light is absorbed and re-emitted, so maybe that's where I'm going wrong(?))
I'm sure this is my misunderstanding, so I would be very grateful if you could clear it up for me:
When a light wave is incident on a sheet of glass, do the particles that make up the glass absorb the waves and re-emit them in the forward direction? Or do the light waves manage to travel through the glass, without being absorbed and then exit the glass?

A: The short answer to the core of your question,

do the particles that make up the glass absorb the waves and re-emit them in the forward direction? Or do the light waves manage to travel through the glass, without being absorbed and then exit the glass?

is that both processes are at play, though there are important subtleties involved in the term 'absorb'. The transmitted light is produced by the interference of the original beam and the radiation produced by the excitations it produces inside the glass, and it is this interference that produces the additional phase encoded in the glass's refractive index, which then trickles out to the phase velocity and the change in the wavelength.

To see why this is the case, then the best place to start is with the macroscopic-electrodynamics description of the glass slab, in which the essential concept is that of the glass's polarization density $\mathbf P$. Electrodynamics is a linear theory, and it sees the problem of light propagating through glass as a superposition of two different sources:

*

*the initial light beam, which is present at the glass slab as well as beyond it, and

*the charge oscillations that initial light beam excites in the glass, which primarily emit (because they are essentially a phased array) in the initial beam's direction.

*(There are also surface terms produced by those charge oscillations, which produce reflections at the boundaries, but I'll ignore those here.)

The field after the glass slab is produced by the interference of the initial beam and the radiation produced by the oscillating charges inside the glass.
However, here is the important thing: the glass can do this induced-oscillations-then-emission game without absorbing any energy at all. In the steady state, the charge oscillations inside the glass are exactly 90° out of phase with the electric field that drives them, which means that the net power that they emit is being put in, in equal amounts, by the driver.

If you want to go further than that and talk about photons, though, then you need to be a good bit more careful. If you're thinking about the light as a quantized object, then it is a quantized object that is coupled to the matter it is travelling through: in other words, it is a joint excitation of the EM field and the charge oscillations it produces in the glass.
In essence, then, the photon briefly becomes a polariton while it is in the glass ─ though the term is generally reserved for situations with much stronger coupling to resonant energy levels where there is a substantial population in those excited energy levels (or, more precisely, a substantial probability amplitude of excitation of each individual emitter to those energy levels) than what happens in an everyday dispersive dielectric. In glass, the probability of excitation (i.e. the "probability that the atom has absorbed a photon") is negligible as far as its contributions to the internal energy go (so it is often called a 'virtual transition'), but that probability amplitude does contribute to charge oscillations which re-shape the phase of the beam without altering its amplitude.
That said, of course, you still do need to provide the initial bit small of energy to take that small population to the excited states, and this is normally taken from the leading edge of the pulse while the monochromatic situation is being set up ─ and generally returned back to the field when the pulse leaves, as long as the medium is transparent. (Up to a point, of course - there's some strict constraints on how dispersive a medium can be without absorbing energy. However, there's plenty of transparent media where the absorption is extremely small and this can be disregarded.)

A:
When a light wave is incident on a sheet of glass, do the particles that make up the glass absorb the waves and re-emit them in the forward direction? Or do the light waves manage to travel through the glass, without being absorbed and then exit the glass?

This answer is from the standpoint of non-quantum EM theory (no photons).
If this question is to make sense, we must assume that EM fields can be distinguished by their source. This may seem impossible to do in practice, but is actually mathematically possible assumption due to linearity of Maxwell's equations.
Then, your question can be reformulated in this way: does the primary field due to the light source stop at the surface of the glass and from there on the field inside the glass is that of the glass particles?
The answer to that question is definitely no. The principal reason is that in EM theory with the above assumption of identification of field with its source, the primary field cannot be blocked by other particles put in its way. The primary field in the form of outgoing wave just moves on as if no glass was there at all, determined by Maxwell's equations from the motion of the source particles and the usual assumption that fields are retarded (or some other assumption that singles out solution of the Maxwell equations consistent with the motion of the source particles).
Other particles like those in the glass may interact with this field and thus change their motion. They may emit their own EM field as a result of this interaction (secondary field) and thus influence the total EM field in the glass which is sum of the primary and secondary field.
EDIT

If the other particles interact with the primary field, cannot they not absorb the energy from it? And if so, can they not absorb the entire wave before it 'exits' the glass?

The particles can absorb energy from the EM field energy, but this does not mean the primary wave has to be altered (it cannot be, since it obeys Maxwell's equations with source terms that do not contain the glass particles). In macroscopic theory, the energy question is explained as follows. EM energy in any region is a function of the total EM field, it cannot be thought of as sum of independent contributions due to independent fields defined above (by connection to the source). Mathematically, this is because EM energy contains "interaction terms" each of which depends on two fields, in our case there will be cross term for primary and secondary field. We know the EM energy will change as the glass particles will absorb some energy from it. But as they do, they produce their secondary field that changes in time and makes EM energy change. This is how EM energy changes near the glass particles, even if the primary field is as if the glass wasn't there. The change in the secondary field is enough.

Also, how can the primary wave just move on as if no glass was there at all? Surely the particles at the surface of the glass also interact with and absorb some of the wave?

The particles interact in the sense they experience force. But they do not change the primary wave directly. This is because the primary wave obeys, by definition, Maxwell's equations where the source terms (charge and current density) are those of the light source only, there is no contribution due to the glass particles.
The glass particles do change the total field via their own field (secondary field). It is this total field that we observe to decay in amplitude (and describe by word 'absorption'), as the wave propagates into the glass medium.

A: A bit of both. Theres no way every photon could be absorbed by every glass molecule, so some do just pass through the empty space between molecules. But the light that actually strikes the glass molecules absorbs the photon and releases it again in the forward direction. Think of the atomic structure's rigidity ony allowing it to release the exact energy it receives, rather than portions of it with more kinetically energetic electrons.

A: I believe your confusion stems from the fact that the first reference uses a picture from quantum field theory (QFT) while the second uses a picture from quantum mechanics (QM).
In QFT the electron is allowed to "borrow" energy for a "short" amount of time. Hence, it can absorb the photon, even if the glass does not posses an energetically adequate electronic state -- an adequate electronic state would be a state, which fulfills energy conservation. However, in my opinion, it is not really helpful to think of this QFT process as a real absorption of the photon, but merely as an interaction between the electron and the photon. If you do so the two pictures become coherent: Both explain why we obtain an index of refraction $n$.


text:
2023 Toyota Fortuner Preview, Specs, Release Dae
Posted on June 15, 2022 at 5:57 pm by Mark
Drivers from North America and Europe may not be too familiar with this nameplate but the Fortuner is a pretty popular SUV in parts of the world like Australia or Southeast Asia. The reason lays in the fact that drivers from these parts of the world prefer traditional body-on-frame SUVs over modern crossovers, because of superior off-road performance and utility. Considering that the Fortuner shares most of its parts with the legendary Hilux pickup, it's easy to conclude why this SUV is so popular. We expect nothing less from the 2023 Toyota Fortuner, which will probably continue without more important changes.
The current generation has been around since 2015 and we presume it will follow the path of the current-generation Hilux, which arrived the same year. As the popular pickup won't receive a full redesign in the next year or two, we expect the same from this SUV as well. This leads to the conclusion that the 2023 Toyota Fortuner could come with minor updates only, such as new color options and a few additions to the list of standard equipment.
2023 Toyota Fortuner Design
As we've just mentioned, the Fortuner is a genuine body-on-frame SUV. It shares most of its parts with Hilux and 4Runner and, therefore, it's no wonder that off-road performances are great, especially if we consider high ground clearance, relatively short wheelbase, rear locking differential, hill descent control etc. Still, the Fortuner is also pretty smooth on the road. Unlike the pickup sibling, which comes with traditional leaf springs, this SUV comes with an independent rear suspension, which significantly improves the ride quality.
In terms of the styling, the SUV was updated a few years ago. The 2020 update brought the new styling, with the new front face and few modifications in other areas. Also, a version called Legender came to certain markets, with exclusive styling details, such as unique bumpers, unique grille design, new wheels and more.
On the inside, the Fortuner is rather functional than attractive, though it's far from looking unattractive. Basically, most of the cabin is the same as in Hilux, including the dashboard. As a result, you get solid build quality in a combination with durable but also hard-touch materials, predominately plastics. Still, the dash doesn't look too truckish and can be even compared with modern crossovers in terms of aesthetics.
Due to the relatively short wheelbase, the third row of seats is very tight. On the other hand, the first two rows are very generous with space and accommodate adults with ease. The front seats are comfortable and offer decent support, while the driving position is high and ensures good visibility in all directions.
We expect that the trim level organization will remain the same, at least in Australia. Down under, the 2023 Toyota Fortuner should come in three grades – GX, GXL and Crusade.
The base GX model should come standard with tech goodies like an 8-inch infotainment screen, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, a six-speaker audio system, a 4.2-inch driver information display, and air conditioning. The list of standard equipment should also include hardware like a rear locking differential and side steps.
The GXL model will bring a couple of upgrades, starting from chrome exterior details. On the inside, you may count on a leather-wrapped steering wheel, paddle shifters, keyless entry, navigation, dual-zone automatic climate control, LED foglights etc. This grade also comes standard with hill descent control.
Finally, there is the Crusade grade, with standard features like a power tailgate, LED headlights, LED daytime running lights, leather upholstery, 8-way adjustable driver seat, and a household-style 220V outlet. Also, there are a few upgrades in terms of driver-assistance features, such as surround-view camera, blind-spot monitoring, rear cross-traffic alert etc.
2023 Toyota Fortuner Engines
This aspect of the SUV definitely won't bring any surprises. Therefore, the recently updated 2.8-liter turbodiesel should remain the core of the offer. This engine puts out 150kW (204 horsepower) and 500 Nm (369 lb-ft) of torque and comes with a 6-speed automatic gearbox. In some markets, you can also get a smaller and more efficient 2.4-liter turbodiesel, which is good for 110kW (148hp) and 400Nm (295 lb-ft) of torque.
In some pretty specific parts of the world, the Fortuner can also be configured with gasoline engines. Two units are available, starting from a 2.7-liter inline-four, which is good for about 165 horsepower. The good-old 4.0-liter V6 is also available, with a max output of 235 horsepower.
2023 Toyota Fortuner Release Date and Price
We expect that the 2023 Toyota Fortuner will hit the market sometime in the last quarter of the year. The current model starts at around AU$50.000 and we don't expect to see a significant increase in the near future. Key competitors are models like Ford Everest, Mitsubishi Pajero Sport etc.
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2023 Toyota Sequoia Is Coming This Summer!
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Obtaining Master Mason status shows the public and the industry that you know what you are doing.
Applying to be a Master Mason.
The individual is the director or employee of a company that is a member of the New Zealand Masonry Trades Association (NZMTA).
Click here to read information on the: Master Mason Ethical Framework and Code of Conduct.
What if I cannot find details of my MTRB registration?
Complete as much of the registration form as you are able - thankfully it is a very small industry and while it may mean your registration takes a little longer to process, we should be able to find access to your information.
If we are unable to confirm your previous MTRB registration and you have not retained information that confirms that you were registered then unfortunately you will not be able to use this process.
Why does the company I work with need to be a member of NZMTA?
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ARSENAL star Jack Wilshere is being played out of position by boss Arsene Wenger.
That's the view of England manager Gareth Southgate who left him of the England squad for the friendlies against Germany and Brazil.
Wilshere, 25, has played just 25 minutes for the Gunners in the Premier League.
The midfielder, who has been hampered by injuries throughout his career, has played more regularly in cup competitions.
However, Southgate questioned how the 34-time international was being used by Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger.
"Jack played as a number 10 all of last season on loan at Bournemouth," Southgate said.
"That is not the way we are playing. When we have played with a 10, we have had Dele [Alli] and [Adam] Lallana, but we are not playing with a 10 tomorrow.
"I don't think Jack is a 10. I think he is a deeper player, but he is not playing deeper. You'd have to ask Arsene why that was.
"But I want to be clear – I really like Jack Wilshere as a player. I think he is a talent and I really respect him as an individual.
"And I'm hoping that we are in a position in March where we can pick him."
Last season marked the first time since 2013-14 that Wilshere made at least 20 league appearances in a campaign when he played 27 games for Bournemouth.
Ruben Loftus-Cheek, who is on loan at Crystal Palace from Chelsea, will make his debut in Friday's friendly against Germany.
While uncapped Burnley midfielder Jack Cork and West Bromwich Albion's Jake Livermore have also been called up ahead of Wilshere.


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I saw an ad for it in the NZ Herald this morning (it may have been in yesterday's paper though).
Please add isonz.blogspot.co.nz to the blogroll (there are multiple female contributors).
Greetings. I have nominated the Handmirror for the One Lovely Blog Award - commenting that" I remember Broadsheet – the long-running feminist magazine in NZ – fondly. Here's a new-era take, and worth supporting. It also connects NZ women bloggers."
Please have a look at carolynlane.wordpress.com for The Rules on accepting the award.
Hi, could you please add http://thoughtstopia.blogspot.co.nz/ to the blogroll. You could remove my older (and now silent) blog keelysews. Doing a thesis=little time to sew!
How come Feminists didn't review this? Why is this obnoxious paper not reviewed yet in your blog?!
Please add http://waitemataunite.blogspot.co.nz to the blogroll. This is the blog of unite waitemata , a branch of the unite union. We focus on the rights of unemployed, low paid workers and beneficiaries. The main contributer is a long time feminist.
Hi, Could you please add our blog purplemagnolia.wordpress.com to your blog roll. My wife and I blog about being two mums raising our beautiful son.
I would like to get added to the blogroll. Thanks.
Could you add www.jessica-Hammond.com to the blog roll please?


A view from the ground-floor deck.
Though his mandate was to create a modern aesthetic, Dorman retained the intricate fretwork and moldings in the hall.
A built-in storage cupboard runs the length of the main floor into the kitchen, where it doubles as a banquette.
Above the kitchen table, a sculptural ceiling treatment preserves the room's original moldings.
Sleek cabinetry from Allegheny Wood Works and track lighting convey a modern vibe in the kitchen.
A view from the stairs down to the second floor reveals cutouts in the wall that bring light into the husband's office.
A view of the office.
The third floor houses the master suite behind a frosted-glass door.
The wife's office, encompassing a sitting area, is on the same floor.
Dorman exposed brick walls in the space and juxtaposed them with modern built-ins.
The spacious master bath is clad in stone-look porcelain tile.
The office opens out to a balcony, supported by a metal frame on the deck below.
The three-story abode was last overhauled in the 1960s, when the original basement kitchen was relocated to a narrow main-floor space beside the dining room. Today, the front entry flows into a long hall, adjacent to the living room, that leads to the staircase. An open kitchen/dining area beyond was created by removing the wall separating the two spaces. The second floor houses a guest room, TV room and the husband's home office while the third floor contains the wife's office and the master suite.
A contemporary kitchen and sleek, remodeled baths impart the modern sensibility the owners wanted. Exposed brick, clean-lined built-ins, skylights and sculptural ceilings also reflect a modern vibe in the wife's office, which opens to a balcony above the rear deck. A squared-off metal structure on the deck, painted bright green, supports the balcony. "It frames the view," Dorman says.
Any advice for old-home renovations?
Set aside 10 or 20 percent of the contingency for repairs; every older home will have unexpected things that need to be fixed.
What ingredients ensure a successful project?
An architect and client who think the same way about the project and its goals is crucial in order to have success.
How do you evaluate what to keep in a renovation?
I always try to keep historic elements and integrate them into the modern design because once you destroy that stuff it's difficult to recreate it.
How do you integrate old and new elements?
I look for opportunities to use something modern that will work with something old. This juxtaposition can have a fresh and original result. For instance, the third-floor rooms had arches instead of doors and the clients wanted closed bedrooms. We kept the arches and added modern, frosted-glass sliding doors that complement them in an interesting way.
Renovation Architecture: Kendall Dorman, Wiebenson & Dorman Architects PC, Washington, DC. Contractor: Hector Ruiz, JV Improvements, Silver Spring, Maryland. Landscape Architecture: DC Gardens, Washington, DC.


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Q: Acessar uma chave no json Então. Eu estou trabalhando com a api do YouTube para dar GET na quantidade de inscritos de um canal. Tudo da certo. O json chega ao código, meu único problema é tentando pegar o valor da chave subscriberCount.
O json que é retornado:
{
  "kind": "youtube#channelListResponse",
  "etag": "ji3OqKq0t01wxWAUgA2LLg5GR8Q",
  "pageInfo": {
    "resultsPerPage": 1
  },
  "items": [
    {
      "kind": "youtube#channel",
      "etag": "37_CPNyQ9CbrVL8e1YBzPufbOUE",
      "id": "UCasElAZ8Fn1ACje99uyQK5g",
      "statistics": {
        "viewCount": "63842823",
        "commentCount": "0",
        "subscriberCount": "228000",
        "hiddenSubscriberCount": false,
        "videoCount": "349"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Este é meu código:
let url = "https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/channels?part=statistics&id=" + id_canal + "&key=" + config.youtubetoken
request(url, function (error, response, body) {
   console.log(body.items[0].statistics.subscriberCount);
});

e meu erro é este:
                console.log(body.items[0].statistics.subscriberCount);
                                  ^
TypeError: Cannot read property '0' of undefined

Tentei suporte no stack overflow americano, mas me deram um simples "tópico duplicado", quando o tópico não tinha nada a ver com o meu.
Por favor, me ajudem.
Obrigado,
Gustavo.

A: Se estiver usando a lib request, o problema é que o parâmetro "body"  da função é uma string, não um objeto do JavaScript. Você precisa transformá-lo num objeto antes de acessar as props do mesmo. Tente:
request(url, function (error, response, body) {
   //Faz parsing do valor de body, para obter um objeto
   const data = JSON.parse(body);

   //Acessa o array items que está dentro de 'data'
   console.log(data.items[0].statistics.subscriberCount);
});


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A Missouri bill prefiled for the 2017 legislative session would authorize the commercial farming, production and sale of industrial hemp in the state, effectively nullifying federal prohibition of the same.
Sen. Rob Schaaf (R-St. Joseph) filed Senate Bill 120 (SB120) on earlier this month. The legislation would remove industrial hemp from the state's list of controlled substances and set up a regulatory structure allowing growers to cultivate the crop in the state.
If passed into law, SB120 would reclassify hemp from an illegal substance into an agricultural product under state law. It would also expressly legalize hemp farming. Anyone with a hemp license would be able to grow and produce hemp crops subject to state regulations.
Notably, the bill addresses some concerns voiced by those who oppose the idea of a license for hemp farming on philosophical grounds by making the license; "shall issue," a legal term requiring the state to issue the license to any applicant who meets the statutory requirements. Without this section, a state department could deny applications for a myriad of reasons.
Unlike two other hemp bills filed for 2017 in Missouri, SB120 does not require growers to get federal permission to cultivate hemp in the state.
In short, current federal law authorizes the farming of hemp – by research institutions only, for research only. Farming for commercial purposes by individuals and businesses remains prohibited. SB120 ignores federal prohibition and authorize commercial farming and production anyway.
By rejecting any need for federal approval, state legalization of hemp sets the stage to nullify the federal hemp ban in practice. With the passage SB120, Missouri would join other states – including Colorado, Oregon, Maine, Vermont. California, Massachusetts and others – that have simply ignored federal prohibition and legalized industrial hemp production within their state borders.
While prospective hemp growers would still have to take federal law into consideration, by eliminating the state requirement for federal permission, SB120 would clear away a major obstacle to widespread commercial hemp farming within the borders of the state.
Farmers in SE Colorado started harvesting the plant in 2013, and farmers in Vermont began harvesting in 2014, effectively nullifying federal restrictions on such agricultural activities. On Feb. 2 of 2015, the Oregon hemp industry officially opened for business; one week later, the first license went to a small non-profit group. As more people engage in hemp production and the market grows within these states, more people will become emboldened creating an exponential wave, ultimately nullifying the federal ban in effect.
According to a 2005 Congressional Research Service report; the U.S. is the only developed nation that hasn't developed an industrial hemp crop for economic purposes.
Experts suggest that the U.S. market for hemp is around $600 million per year. They count as many as 25,000 uses for industrial hemp, including food, cosmetics, plastics and bio-fuel. The U.S. is currently the world's #1 importer of hemp fiber for various products; China and Canada act as the top two exporters in the world.
During World War II, the United States military relied heavily on hemp products; this resulted in the famous campaign and government-produced film, "Hemp for Victory!".


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Federal Period Mirror, White House Collection
Family Dining Room
State Floor
This 19th century mirror was donated to the White House Collection in 1962 during the John F. Kennedy administration. The convex gilt mirror was made in the Federal style and features a carved bald eagle above the mirror glass. The piece was likely made in New York. Joseph J. Scherschel photographed the mirror in August 1965 in the Family Dining Room, seen reflected in the mirror. At the time, the mirror hung above the room's green and white marble mantelpiece.
Study for the Portrait of President Millard Fillmore
G. P. A. Healy
This charcoal and chalk on paper study of President Millard Fillmore's was created by George Peter Alexander Healy, sometimes known as G. P. A. Healy, on December 12, 1857. Healy used this study for the official portrait of President Fillmore in the White House Collection. Healy was one of the most popular and prolific portraitists of the mid-19th century. Fillmore had served in the House of Representatives and was vice president when President Zachary Taylor died suddenly while in office in 1850. Fillmore served as president from July 9, 1850 until March 4, 1853.
Benjamin Henry Boneval Latrobe
Charles Willson Peale
This portrait by Charles Willson Peale is of architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe. President Thomas Jefferson appointed Latrobe Surveyor of Public Buildings in 1803. Latrobe is best known as the architect who designed the U.S. Capitol, St. John's Church and Decatur House in Lafayette Square, the White House East and West Terraces, and the Madison state rooms. He was also the chief engineer for the U.S. Navy. Peale was a soldier and inventor as well as an artist and created many portraits of Revolutionary War era figures. His younger brother, James, and his son Rubens, each have pieces in the White House Collection. Joseph H. Bailey photographed the portrait for the White House Historical Association's records and publications in January 1975.
Convex Mirror, Red Room
This convex mirror, made in the early 19th century, remains a part of the White House furnishings. In this photograph, the mirror is hanging in the Red Room and reflects the furnishings and fireplace in the ornate room during the John F. Kennedy administration.
7075.tif
Mirror, Red Room
This photograph of a circular mirror with a decorative eagle in the Red Room was shot in such a way that a reflection of the room's furnishings are displayed. The photograph was taken by George Mobley of the National Geographic Service.
Tadé Styka
This painting of Theodore Roosevelt was painted by Polish artist Tadé Styka circa 1909. Styka depicts Roosevelt during his time with the Rough Riders, a volunteer cavalry unit that Roosevelt led during the Spanish-American War. The painting later hung in the Roosevelt Room of the White House. A former governor of New York, Roosevelt became president upon the assassination of William McKinley, on September 14, 1901 and served until March 4, 1909. This painting was acquired for the White House Collection by the White House Historical Association in 1974.
Hiawatha's Boat, White House Collection (Detail)
Gorham Manufacturing Company
This image shows the detail of Hiawatha's Boat, a silver and mirror centerpiece made by Gorham Manufacturing Company of Providence, Rhode Island, in 1871. First Lady Julia Grant purchased the centerpiece, which the artist based on the Henry Wadsworth Longfellow poem The Song of Hiawatha, at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Bellange Chair, White House Collection
Pierre-Antoine Bellange
This gilded beechwood armchair is part of the 53-piece suite of Pierre-Antoine Bellange furniture that future president James Monroe purchased while serving as United States minister to France and later brought with him to the White House. Many pieces remain in the White House Collection. This particular chair is upholstered in fabric inspired by the chair's original crimson upholstery.
Wine Bottle Holder, White House Collection
This silver-plated wine bottle holder was created circa 1904 in Connecticut. The wine bottle holder was used by White House staff to serve guests at dinners hosted by the president and first lady. Suz Redfearn photographed the wine bottle holder on November 19, 2018.
Mantel Clock, White House Collection (Detail)
This detailed closeup is of a black marble and malachite mantel clock. The clock has three dials (clock, calendar, and barometer) and a thermometer and was made in France. It was purchased from retailer Browne & Spaulding of New York City for the mantelpiece in the Cabinet Room during the Ulysses S. Grant administration. Until the construction of the West Wing in 1902, the Cabinet Room was on the east end of the Second Floor in the Executive Mansion.
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Real talk about the death penalty: ACLU to host educational forums in Cheyenne, online
By Press Release |
Posted: Tue 2:40 PM, Jan 14, 2020 |
CHEYENNE, Wyo. (Wyoming News Now) -- The death penalty is an expensive, ineffective and unjust government program that risks making irreversible mistakes by executing innocent people and wastes millions of dollars that could be better spent on programs that actually enhance public safety. Still, there are those who insist the death penalty remains a strong deterrent for crime or that it helps ensure justice is being done for victims and their families.
As the debate about the death penalty continues in Wyoming, it's time for some real talk.
That's why the ACLU of Wyoming is hosting two educational forums to explain the death penalty is actually being used in the state. The first forum will take place at 7 p.m. Jan. 14 at the Laramie County Library in Cheyenne. The second will be online at 12 p.m. Jan. 15 Participants will be able to log on to the online forum via the Zoom web conferencing platform.
"There are a lot of misconceptions about how the death penalty is being used in Wyoming," said Sabrina King, director of campaigns for the ACLU of Wyoming. "We want to present some of the research and give people the facts that show that the death penalty's history of deep injustices, skyrocketing costs and entrenched discrimination in our state."
WHAT: Real Talk About the Death Penalty in Wyoming
IN PERSON: 7 p.m. Jan. 14 at the Laramie County Library in Cheyenne
VIRTUAL: 12 p.m. Jan. 15 anywhere you have internet access
TO REGISTER: Go to www.aclu-wy.org/events
Governor Gordon submits budget letters to Joint Appropriations Committee
Second deadly crash in Wyoming happened east of Wamsutter
A bill could change human trafficking penalties for repeat offenses
I-25 chase ends safely for Wyoming Highway Patrol
Serve Wyoming hosts 25th annual MLK Jr. Day of Service and Remembrance Monday
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Wynter is at last reunited with the exiled Prince Alberon, as he plots insurgency from his forest encampment. But she is losing faith with her companions, as they attempt to drive Alberon's plans in different directions. Caught between Razi's complex diplomacy, Alberon's desire for martial strength and Christopher's fierce personal loyalty, Wynter finds herself torn. Can she combine these philosophies, and find a way to heal the rift between king and heir? Or will each side destroy the other, causing Wynter to lose everything she holds dear? She fears the answers lie veiled in conflict and loss.