text:
Chaat Finally Gets the Cookbook It Deserves
By: Matt Rodbard Photos: Linda Xiao
Maneet Chauhan traveled India by train, on a mission to define a broad and adaptable family of snacks.
Nine years ago, the chef and TV personality Maneet Chauhan met former Art Culinaire editor Jody Eddy when the two teamed up on a story at Chauhan's New York City restaurant Vermilion. "We came up with this crazy idea right then," Chauhan recalls while chatting from her home in Nashville, Tennessee, where she operates four restaurants while squeezing in a very active television production schedule, including frequent appearances on Chopped and the Food Network.
The plan was to visit Chauhan's home in Ranchi, a million-person metropolis in the eastern state of Jharkand, but also to hit the rails and visit parts of India that were personal to the chef. Indian food, in Chauhan's estimation — then and even more so now — had come a long way since its association with "$8.95 all-you-can-eat greasy buffets." The vast regionality of the cooking, along with a less-discovered food group, chaat, drove the pair to collaborate for nearly a decade on what is, hands down, one of my favorite cookbooks of 2020 (a year of many favorites).
Chaat: Recipes from the Kitchens, Markets, and Railways of India is written with Eddy and photographed by Linda Xiao in the up-close, reportage style that straddles the line between cookbook and well-funded Instagram feed. It's a pleasure to page through this book, even if the reader's idea of chaat may be unclear before encountering it. To clarify, in Chauhan's words, chaat is the union of sweet, tart, spicy, and a cooling sensation, with an effect that makes dishes like ram ladoo—fluffy, round fritters made with two kinds of dal (chana dal and mung dal) and covered in a hot green chile chutney—some of Indian cooking's most craveable dishes. "You take a bite, and you're like, oh my God, what's happening over here?" she says, laughing (but also dead serious).
The book is organized by regions (New Delhi and Agra in the north; Chennai and Mangalore in the south) and covers India with a breathless pace—as if the reader is running to catch an overnight train to Jaipur. And, as I found out in this interview with Chauhan, some of those train rides offered a unique glimpse of the flavor of India, past and present.
Let's start talking about the concept of the book, because you've done something that is extremely difficult, that many have tried—and it's to write a book about the entirety of India as a subcontinent, as a place. You're not focusing on the south or the north. So, the first question really is, how did you decide that you were going to do this?
I grew up in a small town in eastern India. My dad was an engineer, and because of his profession, this small community had people from all over India—each and every state, each and every region in India has a very distinct cuisine of its own. So, I was very fortunate that I grew up surrounded by it—I grew up in a predominantly Punjabi household, so that's the food that my mother made. And after I would have dinner, I would go to my neighbors' place, who were from South India, and tell them that my parents hadn't fed me, so can I eat with you? But I would also sit with the aunties in the kitchen and see them cook. And it would just blow my mind; there were ingredients, there were techniques that I didn't see in my household. So that kind of really opened my mind to how vast Indian cuisine is.
Why focus on trains? How do they tell the story of food in India?
We used to take trains throughout India, and these trains were not like the ones here in the United States. Windows were open, doors were open, they were three-day-and-three-night journeys, before Netflix or even iPhones. And I would really look forward to the train journeys, because the train would stop at each and every small station, and the local food vendors from that station would come to sell their food at the train. So I got to taste the entire vastness of the cuisine of India, from east to north, through these train journeys. That was basically how the idea of the book came about.
Tell me about your hometown of Jharkhand—what was the food like growing up there? What were you eating?
I grew up with such a multistate cuisine because the local food over there had things like sattu kachori, which is chickpea flour stuffed in these deep-fried savory pastries, or baigan choka, which is an eggplant sauté, almost like a warm baba ganoush, along with breads that are in the form of these rounds that you crack and put ghee on it. That was the traditional food over there, but then my sister and I, we used to like street food like puchkas or pani puri or gol gappas; we weren't allowed to eat it because it was questionable where the water was coming from. We would save our pocket money, hide from our parents—we would have a competition—"I had twenty!" "I had fifteen!" So yeah, it was fun.
And this leads to chaat, which is the unifying food of this book. How do you define it?
So chaat, translated from Hindi, literally means "to lick." Indian street foods are so scrumptious and lick-worthy that you literally are licking the bowl, the spoon, the hand that comes in contact with these chaats. Chaats are a combination of different flavors and textures. So there is always that sweet, tart, spicy, cooling, and creamy, crunchy, slightly mushy, which you get from potatoes. It's like each and every taste bud in your mouth gets visited by the chaat, which is such an incredible experience. The loosest way of saying it is probably a salad, but this book is a lot more than just that category; it's also the emotion of the dishes being lickable.
I'm trying to think of the cognate in America or even the West, and it's hard, because it seems like chaat is a singularly Indian thing. The fact that it expands from all food groups and is defined by its craveability is really cool.
I think that the closest thing that I've had to chaat over here are probably maybe nachos, because they have the same kind of feeling—you know, there's sour cream, and you can put some guac on it, and there's that crunchiness you get from the food. Or those Frito pies? Those two, in my estimation, have been the closest thing to what I know as chaat growing up in India.
"Indian street foods are so scrumptious and lick-worthy that you literally are licking the bowl, the spoon, the hand that comes in contact with these chaats."
I want to hear about the actual reporting of the book, because it's clear that you and your coauthor, Jody Eddy, and your photographer, Linda Xiao, really put in the work.
I could spend my entire life traveling trains in India, and I would still be scratching the surface of all the dishes that are there. We took trains, and these were absolutely third class—the coach section—because those are the compartments in which the local vendors climb up and sell between one station and the other. It's not going to be that way in the first class, it's not going to be in the AC coach, because those are much more—for lack of a better word—sterilized. That's not the experience we wanted. So we did that. We traveled by train, we went to Old Delhi, we traveled by rickshaw, we ate everything and anything. Jody was keeping a list—she had her diary, and she was keeping a list of everything that we were tasting. And in the end of seven days, we counted, and we had tasted over 670 dishes. Crazy!
And so, when you're in the third-class cars, what's that like? Everyone likely has a vision of traveling in India via the rails. But in your words, what's that experience like?
Let me say that the romantic vision that I had of these train journeys when I was a kid—it's changed a lot right now. Especially because you get used to a certain amount of comfort. It's hot, it's a sensory overload, all of which is fine, because I get really excited about that. But the toughest part is the restrooms on the train. That is the toughest part. I keep on saying, it takes so little for us to get spoiled. But I used to enjoy that when I was young!
Okay, so how do you pick the regions to travel to?
There is a lot of nostalgia in this book. There are a lot of stories that I have, which I have lived through, and those were my favorite stations, because they made an impact on me, as a kid, and that resulted in the chef I am today. Take Mumbai—I had not traveled much there, but that is such an amazing melting pot. It has that Portuguese influence, and there is the typical Maharashtrian food. So that's why we were like, okay, let's do Mumbai. Jaipur is a station that really made a big impact on me; I had just gone there once as a kid. And I'm like, "Okay, let's go back, and let's look at that station." So that's how we came up with this different combination of places.
Are you doing television these days?
Yeah, it's so interesting to see how production has changed. There is COVID testing that is happening almost every day, and there are test kits that are sent home, so the day before you leave, you take a test. So far, it's been very safe. To me, I am just amazed at the resilience of people and how smart people are, and just like—okay, this is what needs to be done, this is the problem, this is the solution.
Which shows should we look out for? What are you in production on?
Chopped, definitely, is ongoing. I just did a new show, which is coming out next year, but I'm not supposed to talk about that [laughs].
FOUR EXCITING RECIPES FROM CHAAT:
Vada Pav
Vada pav, one of Mumbai's most popular street foods, is a potato fritter the size of a baseball stuffed into a flaky white bun, smeared with coconut and spicy green chile chutneys, and then squished until it's flat enough to fit into your mouth.
Ros Omelette
Goa is like the Ibiza of India, and this coconut-spiked omelet, with its rich, comforting, fiery gravy, is enjoyed for breakfast, lunch, and dinner in the region.
Lemon Rice
This summery rice, prepared with nuts, chiles, and dal (among many other ingredients), takes the author back to her time at the Chennai train station in southern India.
Mumbai Faloodas
The Indian falooda was introduced by the Mughal empire between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The essential ingredients in a traditional falooda recipe include milk, sugar, ice cream, and a tapioca noodle frequently referred to as sev. It's similar to a vermicelli noodle and can be found in Indian markets.
MORE BOOKS TO BUY, READ, AND COOK FROM:
Last week, we talked to longtime blogger and cookbook author Mely Martínez about giving justice to the often overlooked seasonality of Mexican cooking—and her new book, The Mexican Home Kitchen.
We also talked to Matt Sartwell of New York's beloved cookbook store Kitchen Arts & Letters. He gave us a look at some of his favorite fall releases in the cookbook world, plus a discount code for TASTE readers that's good until December 15.
TASTE contributor Cathy Erway has brought the world 50 super creative recipes with Sheet Pan Chicken, one of our favorite books of the season (and one we helped publish, alongside our friends at Ten Speed Press). Recipes include Thai yellow curry chicken thighs, Nashville hot chicken breasts, and five-spice chicken wings—all on a sheet pan, baby.
Molecular biologist turned food writer Nik Sharma's new book, The Flavor Equation, hit shelves a few weeks back. The book dives deep into how we understand flavor, from our feelings to our taste buds.
The Essential Wine Book is exactly what it sounds like: essential. Zachary Sussman's field guide to the new world of wine covers everything from today's most exciting regions to easy-to-use advice on finding the perfect bottle for any occasion.
Friuli Food and Wine is a colorful tour of the Italian region that bridges the Alps and the Adriatic Sea, featuring 80 recipes and wine pairings from a master sommelier and James Beard Award–winning chef. Read our interview with one of the coauthors, Meredith Erickson.
Matt Rodbard
Matt Rodbard is the editor in chief of TASTE and author of Koreatown: A Cookbook, a New York Times best-seller, and Food IQ: 100 Questions, Answers, and Recipes to Raise Your Cooking Smarts.


During the past several months Rebecca and I have been working behind the scenes to facilitate screenings of Food For Change at 32 co-ops in 17 states. Tomorrow I'm heading to the Florida Panhandle, Pensacola and Tallahassee then to the Pacific Northwest— Seattle, Port Townsend, Everett, and Bellingham— to present the film and talk about the current growth of food co-ops in the historical context of the cooperative movement in the U.S.
The goal is to provide Education and Training for co-op members, elected representatives, managers, and employees so they can contribute effectively to the development of their cooperatives. We also want to reach the general public, particularly young people and opinion leaders, with an understanding of the nature and benefits of cooperatives. We will need your help to do this!
Achieving this goal will require Cooperation among Cooperatives with us serving as facilitators and a support system to connect with local, national, and regional structures. Please read the Outreach & Distribution Plan to understand how we can expand the impact of cooperatives through education.
I made Food For Change because I believe co-ops are a time-tested model that brings vitality to local communities while thwarting the power of monopoly-capitalism. Now is the time to bring our Cooperative Principles into the national conversation!
Please see Outreach & Distribution Plan for the complete budget.
"Wow! I just finished the movie and I must say, that was incredible! I've been working on our start-up for the last 2 1/2 years and this is incredibly encouraging! This film is truly one of the most inspiring films I have seen. My heartfelt congratulations to you and your crew for a wonderful film."
If you've read this far you're entitled to a little gift. So here are the opening scenes of Food For Change. Enjoy & Spread the Word!
Copyright © 2013 Home Planet Pictures, All rights reserved.
Our 501(c)(3) Fiscal Agent is the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association.


The 2018 US Junior Cadet Championship kicked off yesterday afternoon in the BayAreaChess Headquarters. The event began with the opening ceremony at 3 PM. Special guests GM Zviad Izoria and WIM Ruth Haring conducted the drawing of the lots to start the tournament.
WIM Ruth Haring shared with the audience that during her former presidency at US Chess Federation, she was a vivid advocate for more national championships, specially for invitational for Top seed juniors, so that when few years after they do get a chance to participate in any of the big National Championships, they would have exposure and practice in these types of events. US Cadet, US Junior and US Girls Junior were established for those Top Juniors in their age category. US Junior and US Girls Junior Closed Championships are organized by the St. Louis Chess Club while first time the US Cadet is held in the West Coast, organized by the 2018 Chess Club of the Year, BayAreaChess, all three tournaments are simultaneously happening this week. Organizer Dr. Judit Sztaray is hoping that this will give the Cadet National some extra exposure and attention, and appreciate everyone's support.


NETGEAR's Orbi router system is the premier Wi-Fi smart routing system on the market, and the new Orbi Pro is designed for the commercial environment, its powerful tri-band Mesh Wi-Fi wireless network system is perfect for office.
The Orbi Pro (SRK60) system includes AC 3000-level routers, 4x4, 2x2 5 GHz and 2x2 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals. No IT speciality needed, installation is very simple.You can manage through the mobile App, of course, can also be managed through the traditional browser.
●Easy to install on the wall or cellings,no PoE ports needed.
●Remove the USB port from Orbi.
●The firewall makes special adjustments for commercial useage.
In terms of security, the biggest difference between Orbi and Orbi Pro is the factory settings have three different SSIDs, one for the administrator, another for employees to use, the last one for the guests to use. The LAN port:three on the primary route and four on the secondary route of the satellite,is part of the administrator network. Three different networks are independent from each other, the guest network will have specific options, such as the provisions of the use of time etc.


text:
Leyton Orient keen to build on recent encouraging results when Mansfield Town visit Brisbane Road
Published: 8:00 AM August 26, 2016 Updated: 8:44 AM October 14, 2020
Leyton Orient players celebrate at Grimsby (pic: Simon O'Connor) - Credit: Archant
Andy Edwards looking for O's to make it three wins from three and believes squad at Brisbane Road has a lot of potential
Andy Edwards believes it is important Leyton Orient get another positive result when Mansfield Town visit Brisbane Road this weekend.
The O's made it back-to-back victories in League Two last Saturday with a 2-1 win at Grimsby Town.
It was far from vintage from Andy Hessenthaler's team, but gives them seven points from four games and places them fourth.
After beating Stevenage 3-0 at Brisbane Road thanks to Gavin Massey's double and Dean Cox's header, Orient are keen to build on that when the Stags come to E10.
"It is great to play at home, we have got a good crowd and we had good support at Grimsby with plenty travelling up from London," said Edwards.
"It was a tough place to visit, it is important that we pick up points on the road. Cheltenham Town and Grimsby were our first two away games and to come away with four points is a good reward.
"I think most teams would take that and we have to make sure we build on that with our home form because we were disappointed to lose at home to Newport County.
"We bounced back well against Stevenage and Mansfield will be a tough test now."
Orient's victory on Saturday moved them up to fourth in the table, but they were top by this same stage last season.
Edwards admitted it was nice to know they were in the play-off positions already, but knows there is a lot way to go.
After losing at home to Newport, O's have bounced back well to claim victories against Stevenage and Grimsby.
But they have allowed the opposition to have several chances in both of those fixtures, which is a cause for concern.
"I think it is important we are in that top part of the table as early as we can be and to do that after four games, we are pleased with that and hopefully we can stay there and build on it," said Edwards.
"Obviously it is a long season and the result on Saturday will hopefully give a lot of confidence to the players and the belief so we can push on."
Although delighted to be fourth, Orient's number two knows they need to continue making improvements.
But Edwards can see plenty of positives in the east Londoners squad and believes more is to come.
He added: "I think there is a lot more room for improvement as well so we are not going to come away deluded that we have cracked it.
"There is work to be done still but there is a lot of potential within the side. There is potential for individual players to improve so hopefully we can build on it and push on."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For some crazy reason I've had music from En Vogue stuck in my head lately, I was never a particularly huge fan of them but I did have their CD and I really liked their song Free your mind. Part of the lyrics are "free your mind and the rest will follow" and well frankly this past weeks crafting projects definitely needed a mind that was free (not to mention my brain has been working a bit on overload since my diagnosis with MS last week so I could use a little break).
So I've made some crafting progress in the past week. I made a Tunisian crochet poncho out of my variegated green hand-spun yarn and it turned out warm and cozy. I've also developed a new obsession- free form knitting & crochet. No rules, just yarn, different needles and go! Freedom!!! Now that's my type of project. I took a free form crochet class last Friday at Debra's shop and it was a blast. Keep in mind, I'm a knitter, not a crocheter. I know how to chain and apparently how to do a single crochet but beyond that I have no idea what I'm doing. Crochet freaks me out, between the double, half double, treble stitches- well frankly its just too many stitches. Knitting is easy, everything is knit or purl and combinations of those two stitches. Now the crocheters may beg to differ but I like only having to deal with two stitches, however in free-form you can do whatever you want and it doesn't matter. So with yarn at the ready and a few of my favorite crochet hooks (yes I'm not a crocheter but I can't help it I like pretty crochet hooks) I was ready to go.
We started out forming a circle (I though I was doomed) luckily the infamous sock knitter the fabulous Martha was on hand to give me some encouragement and make sure I wasn't messing up too bad. Martha is a fabulous crocheter and a pretty awesome knitter too. She was one of the students in my sock knitting class and she is a total delight. I was so happy that we were both students together for this class. The divine Miss. Patsy was also in the free form class and as usual had some beautiful colors and textures picked out for her purse. I just love seeing how every ones projects were coming together. I learned early on that my "circle" was really more of a ruffly representation of a circle but it was free-form anyway so it didn't bother me one bit. By the end of class I looked like I had crocheted this but I was quite pleased with my psychedelic toxic jellyfish. The initial shape also reminded me of the heads on the figures pictured in some of the Coso Petroglyphs.
Well ever since Friday I've been "hooked" literally. Since I don't have to stress about following a pattern I love the freedom of just changing hooks, adding new yarns and textures and just following the existing form. I think the simplicity of just following the existing form is what soothes me the most since the past few weeks have been pretty stressful and I'm still coming to terms with the reality of having to live with this.
I also recently read this by Crazy Aunt Purl and it made me laugh so hard my stomach hurt. It was great to read about the misadventures that led to her discovery of knitting and I could relate to a lot of what she said about knitting being a calming force. Not to mention its something great to do when it feels like all of your troubles are going to consume you.
So by "freeing" my mind if you will for the free form crochet I've also had to free up some brain space to deal with some of the stress I've been facing. Needless to say manipulating yarn with hooks is a lot easier. I've also come to the realization this week that as scared as I am about having MS and all that entails I know that I've got a great group of people in my life that care about me. My family who knows me, loves me and is there for me. My group of friends who pretty much rock the house and are made up of some of the most talented, intelligent, creative, compassionate, silly women and men I know. My fur-family of my two cats and dogs who faithfully keep me covered in pet hair and are ready to assist with any new project I'm going to tackle. Best of all, my best friend, my hubby who, well, frankly, is pretty freaking cool. Where I'm irrational he's calm, when I'm up tight, he's silly. He can do the best John Black face ever and it makes me laugh (you have to be a Days of our Lives fan to understand the funny faces that the character makes when he is trying to be series, lets just say he does this funky eyebrow raise that makes him look anything but serious). I have a great group of people in my life and I'm so blessed.
So today I'm off for lunch with one of my bestest friends Matt and hopefully tonight I'll be back in force at the Tuesday night craft night.
Last night was craft night at the Crochet Cafe and I had a blast. I managed to turn the heel on my Cherry Tree Hill Socks but was easily distracted by some of the new items that showed up when I was on vacation.
I am easily entertained but when I saw these I could hardly contain my glee! Square knitting needles! Who would have thought! Now I love all things knitting and I have more than my fair share of knitting needles but I never thought I would see square knitting needles! They are so gorgeous I can hardly wait to try them out. I was instantly trying to sort out what I wanted to knit on them when oops my brain was distracted by the discovery of yarn made out of corn!!! Yes, CORN!!!! At this point I didn't know what to do with myself, the colors, the textures, heck the fact that it was made of corn was enough of a reason for me to want to try them!
In college I took an introductory anthropology class which discussed in great detail the importance of agriculture and cultures; more specifically the main staples of early agriculture "corns, beans and squash." Instead of Anthro 101 the class should have been "Corns, beans, and squash 101." Everything centered around "corn, beans and squash" growing it, trading it, preparing it, when certain cultures had it, how it affected trade, you name it somehow, someway it seemed like everything had to deal with corn, beans, and squash. Corn especially was very important to numerous cultures and now, in the form of yarn it enters the realm of crafting culture. Who'd a thunk it?
After the discovery of the square knitting needles and corn yarn it became apparent that progress was going to be halted on the Cherry Tree Hill socks. Who can blame me though??? It's yarn made out of corn!
I started on the socks this morning and so far I love the yarn, its soft, it doesn't split, and the color is so vibrant and cheery! I love discovering new things that are unexpected and delightful!
The DH and I just got back from a week in Maui and we had a blast. It is so peaceful and beautiful, not to mention it gave me loads of ideas for sock color combinations. I managed to make some progress on my Cherry Tree Hill "super" socks using Colinette Jitterbug yarn in Mardi Gras. I absolutely love the way the colors change, they are very bright and it was the perfect yarn to knit with while in Maui surrounded by all of the tropical plants and flowers. I also was lucky enough to meet Vladimir Kush in person, which absolutely blew my mind. I have been an admirer of his work for quite sometime and it was amazing to meet him at his gallery. We stopped in to look at his work and I was quite excited to see that he has a few books out, as I was picking up one of the books one of the employees informed me that he was in the studio and asked if I wanted to meet him. I tried not to make a totally nerd of myself (I'm not sure how successful I was) but it was one of the highlights of the entire trip.
Now that I'm back at home I'm looking forward to teaching a sock class later this week at the Crochet Cafe where I'm a regular Craft Store Groupie. It should be fun, I love knitting socks and I look forward to sharing my excitement with other people. For so long I was so afraid of knitting socks and once I finally conquered my fear of turning a heel (I had to put my first sock down for about 6 months before I got up the courage) I realized how fun they are.
I'm also looking forward to taking some new classes at the Stampin Post, my original Craft Store Groupie hangout. I love the selection of stamps and techniques offered in the classes there, not to mention Deborah (yes another Deb! they are everywhere!) carries the cutest monkey and penguin stamps. I'm always getting inspired every time I stop by.
That is what I love about crafts, I get inspiration from everything that surrounds me from the colors on my vacation, the artists that I admire, and the fabulous places that I hang out. I love being crafty!!!
I learned a valuable lesson yesterday.....if I carpool with my hubby it gives me extra time to knit and obsess over my newest sock pattern. I'm normally a bit of a time freak, I like to arrive on time, and I absolutely hate being late. My conscious is still struggling with my overwhelming desire for lots of traffic yesterday so I could have more time for sock knitting yesterday but unfortunately there wasn't a lot of traffic....oh well maybe next time.
I'm impulsive, my mind wanders, and random things tend to grab my attention. I switch subjects mid-conversation, start multiple craft projects at once, and am constantly inspired by the ordinary almost as much as the extraordinary.
I surprised myself by remembering many interpretations of this paradoxical poem about Love's true intention but yesterday as I re-read the poem I remembered my initial interpretation almost over 10 years ago and compared it to my current interpretation. I'm still not caught up in analyzing the true "intention" of love or its relationship between "heaven" and "hell". More specifically I remember thinking focusing on the paradox of the differences in material discussing love: clay vs. stone, soft and pliable vs. hard and unyielding.
Now that I'm older and into various different crafts I thought it appropriate that yesterday I was reminded of this poem ... I decided that would change only one thing about it, instead of the word "love" I would insert a variety of words depending on the craft project I am currently working on (I would leave out the various expletives I have used during certain projects, because I have to draw the line somewhere).
I have yet to meet a project that didn't surprise me with its paradox, whether it be the changes in gauge or lost stitches while knitting. Heck, take out the word "love" and insert "yarn" and a whole host of knitters and crocheters could simply compare stories on how soft and pliable yarn can be until you try a new pattern or technique only to find it to be hard an unyielding. I swear there are times when I know that "yarn seeketh only itself to please." I've worked with a pattern to knit a heavenly 1st sock just to turn around and have it turn in to a hellish experience for the 2nd sock (at that point I was distracted by some mohair in my stash and promptly liberated myself from the fiery hell of bobbles and beads).
Clods and Pebbles, yarn and needles, crafts and life....lots of paradox, lots of projects, and not enough time!!!


text:
St. Pancras' Well, Scampton, Lincolnshire
Holy Well (destroyed): OS Grid reference – SK 9542 7853
Site shown on 1886 map
Mentioned in Thompson's (1999) survey but without comment, it was, curiously, Skyring Walters' (1928) that drew my attention to this site. He added it to his list of St Pancras sites, telling how even in his day, it had fallen into memory. Indeed, it had already gone when the Ordnance Survey lads came here in 1885. Thankfully we were left with an albeit piecemeal account of the place by Cayley Illingworth (1810) before its destruction. It was an iron-bearing well that existed some fifty yards from an ancient Roman villa and was probably the water supply for the Romans who lived here. He told us:
"The circumstance…of the chalybeate spring within a few yards from the entrance of the villa, and still called Saint Pancras Well…favours the conclusion of a chapel having been erected on its site. (This) is supported by the strong evidence of a discovery, upon record, that a chapel dedicated to Saint Pancras did actually exist on this spot, so early as the beginning of the twelfth century; about which period Richard Fitz-Robert of Scampton gave to the monastery of Kirksted three selions of land in that lordship, two of which are described in the gift as lying in the south field, on the south side of the chapel of Saint Pancras."
He further told that at the bottom of the well an oak floor had been laid, which had been dug up "several years ago."
St Pancras's festival date is April 3.
Cameron, Kenneth & Insley, John, The Place-Names of Lincolnshire – volume 7, English Place-Name Society: Nottingham 2010.
Harte, Jeremy, English Holy Wells: A Sourcebook – volume 2, Heart of Albion Press: Loughborough 2008.
Illingworth, Cayley, A Topographical Account of the Parish of Scampton in the County of Lincoln, T. Cadel & W. Davies: London 1810.
Thompson, Ian, Lincolnshire Springs and Well, Bluestone: Scunthorpe 1999.
Walters, R.C. S., The Ancient Wells, Springs and Holy Wells of Gloucestershire, St Stephens Press: Bristol 1928.
England (north), Holy Wells, LincolnshireAisthorpe, animism, antiquarian, antiquities, Archaeology, chalybeates, earth mysteries, England, english heritage, folklore, healing, heritage, history, Holy Wells, legends, Lincolnshire, medieval history, North Carlton, sacred sites, Scampton, St Pancras, traditions, water
Village Cross, Leighterton, Gloucestershire
Balgair Moor, Fintry, Stirlingshire


What if I could dive as deep as this watch is designed to go; more than 1,000 feet beneath the surface. What would I see? What if I could lie on a beach under the palm tree just like the one so beautifully engraved into the 38mm-wide case back of the Diver Midsize, alongside the Alpina-branded air tanks? What if I just strapped one of those watches on my wrist and dived right in?
The new Alpina Diver Midsize Collection is presented in two models. For ladies, we offer a stunning Mother of Pearl white face, surrounded by eight sparkling diamonds that shine like the midday sun in a crystal clear Geneva sky.
Large white, luminous indices are placed at the 12 o'clock, 6 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions, while an extra-large date window is located in the 3 o'clock position. Alpina's signature red triangle is proudly featured at the base of the silver second hand, while the hour and minute hands are luminous white with a silver surround.
Ladies can choose between two attractive and functional straps. With constant attention to a diver's needs, the Alpina Diver Midsize white model comes with either a white rubber strap that can be adjusted to fit over the arm of a wetsuit, or the watch can be fitted with a stainless steel metal bracelet. As with most things in life, the choice is yours.
The second model in the Alpina Diver Midsize range will certainly appeal to both men and women. As the name suggests, with a diameter of 38mm, this midsize watch will look good on any wrist.
The striking black dial is set inside a shining stainless steel case. Luminous white indices stand out from the black dial, and again, the extra-large date window is featured at the 3 o'clock location.
No less a worldwide celebrity than William Baldwin is the Alpina Global Brand Ambassador. We are delighted to announce that he will hold that position until the end of 2013. As well as being a star recognised across the planet, William Baldwin is, of course, also a member of one of the best-known families in the entertainment industry. It is perhaps, then, wonderfully ironic that we welcome with great anticipation this newest member of the Alpina Adventure family, the Alpina Diver Midsize Collection.


Select a Wedding ceremony Videographer? In spite of everything, you simply have a look at his (or her) footage and measurement up their persona, charges and plans, then make your alternative, proper? Proper. And that is how nearly all of weddings get ruined – or no less than have the "Enjoyable Meter" turned means, means down! That is proper, 4 out of 5 weddings are ruined by the marriage Videographer. So, if you don't need your marriage ceremony Videographer ruining your marriage ceremony, learn on..
Wedding ceremony Videographer Types of Operation There's a time for posed, formal videofooatge – at your picture session. Usually there are two picture classes, one held earlier than the ceremony, with guys and gals saved separate, and one held after the ceremony. For my part, a marriage Videographer ought to be advised that that is the one likelihood to get posed footage and that he should be adequate to seize all different footage as if he have been an expert occasion Videographer – oh wait, he IS (alleged to be) an expert occasion Videographer. Occasion Videographers and photographers are supposed to have the ability to unobtrusively document an occasion with out interrupting it to stage and pose for footage, and so on.
Puppeteers Sadly, most brides are unaware of this little reality. In spite of everything, she solely has to decide on a marriage Videographer as soon as in her life (hopefully). So what occurs when she hires a marriage Videographer who can not shoot like an occasion Videographer? One who thinks he should be in command of every thing and that each shot should be posed so as to get a clean and straightforward montage. I am glad you requested, as a result of now we're attending to the entire goal of this text. These guys act like puppeteers with you and your groom because the puppets. You're by no means left alone to take pleasure in your day. There can be no informal footage of you and your groom, family and friends having a good time, partly as a result of all footage can be staged and partly as a result of the marriage Videographers will make it tough for individuals to have a good time.
It begins whereas the bride and bridesmaids are preparing. Some Videographers will come into the room and keep out of the best way and quietly get some informal photographs, then ask for a couple of posed photographs, then depart. These are the professionals. Sadly, most are usually not execs and can hover over the bride and bridesmaids, consistently harassing them for posed photographs, in order that the bride and her mates can hardly discover any time to talk freely and benefit from the second. Here you can hire cabo wedding videographer.
The Wedding ceremony Ceremony Throughout the ceremony, a time that ought to have reverence, a time that ought to belong to you and your groom, I see these marriage ceremony Videographers frequently turning their video lights on and off and strolling backwards and forwards in entrance of friends. They appear to be doing a significantly better job of distracting your friends than of getting good photographs. An expert marriage ceremony / occasion Videographer ought to be capable to cowl this from a tripod additional again within the room, utilizing a telephoto lens and with out lights. He shouldn't be transferring about and distracting individuals. The aim and focus of a marriage ceremony ought to be you, your groom and your friends – not a marriage Videographer (and never a marriage photographer both).
Picture Session I've seen after-ceremony picture classes run two hours and longer. By that point, friends on the reception had grown bored with ready and had begun leaving. This isn't the best way you need your marriage ceremony remembered! An actual "professional" Videographer will lengthen the picture session lower than 10 minutes to get some particular video footage.
Reception That is the place it actually will get unhealthy! Wedding ceremony Videographers know they want good photographs of the primary occasions – grand entrance; first dances; cake-cutting; toasts; bouquet toss; garter toss; and so on. A real skilled marriage ceremony Videographer will get these photographs "informal model" by staying out of the best way, but shut sufficient to get the photographs. You, your groom and friends will see he's there and there can be digital camera lights, however he will not be actually distracting or obtrusive.
Nonetheless, the bulk I've seen are usually not execs they usually haven't any confidence of their means to get these photographs with out staging them. They won't allow you to and your groom take pleasure in issues like cake-cutting and toasts with out attempting to govern you each as if you have been puppets. Think about going by means of your reception whereas consistently being advised what to do by the marriage Videographer! This is not a "marriage ceremony reception", this can be a "modeling session"!
I'm consistently amazed on the means brides and grooms meekly permit this to occur, then rail angrily about it afterward. Certain, you will get your video – however will you and your groom actually look pleased?
These marriage ceremony Videographers will hover over you so intently that your friends most likely will not get an excellent view of the key reception occasions. Your marriage ceremony photographers must be magicians or use three or 4 cameras all through your reception so as to have any likelihood of getting some photographs that do not embody your marriage ceremony Videographer.
However the true "execs" can get nice photographs with out manipulating you thru all of your occasions and with out unduly distracting your friends. Do not take possibilities – demand that your marriage ceremony Videographers and photographers work from a twelve to fifteen foot radius, permitting you some respiration room and your friends some viewing room.
How Does Your Wedding ceremony Videographer Gown? I'm consistently amazed on the means many marriage ceremony Videographers come dressed for weddings. A real skilled will put on all black for many weddings, so that he's unobtrusive and so that he's not mistaken for a visitor. He could put on mild tan at a seaside marriage ceremony, for a similar causes. One other consideration is that your loved ones and friends can be taking pictures and a marriage Videographer wearing loud colours or black and white polka-dots can be fairly distracting in these pictures.
How is Your Wedding ceremony Photographer Being Paid? Most marriage ceremony images plans are structured in order that the extra pictures they've that you really want, the extra money they make. I have been advised greater than as soon as that many marriage ceremony Videographers take into account the marriage videographer as their competitors. If the marriage video does not come out properly, then the pictures are the one remembrance merchandise the bride can select from and the Videographer will promote extra pictures. Nonetheless, their pondering goes, if the marriage video comes out nice, then the bride could not need to purchase extra marriage ceremony pictures.
That is why many marriage ceremony Videographers purposely get in entrance of the video cameras at each alternative. I do know this sounds unimaginable, however I've footage of photographers aggressively getting in entrance of video cameras. I've many instances seen footage from an unmanned video digital camera the place a photographer is standing to at least one aspect, seems over his shoulder to see simply the place the video digital camera is, then repositions himself to dam its view higher!
Most marriage ceremony videographers plans are flat charges that change provided that the hours change. However saying that, photographers perceive that videographers and photographers are right here to do no matter we are able to to please our shopper – the bride and groom, and subsequently we lengthen each courtesy to the photographers.
SUMMARY – What Ought to You Do? Sit down with a number of marriage ceremony Videographers that you've got pre-screened and focus on this text and your emotions about it, with them. Hear intently to what they are saying and the way they are saying it. It takes coaching and expertise to cowl an occasion like a marriage, and get nice photographs whereas being unobtrusive. Briefly, it takes a 'professional'.
Sadly, each the marriage images and marriage ceremony videography fields are stuffed with amateurs, hobbyists and even skilled individuals who have been doing issues incorrect for years. Discovering an actual 'professional' isn't a simple job. You'll have to make investments some effort and time, however it's going to repay tremendously!
Bear in mind – that is alleged to be YOUR DAY, not the Videographer's day! Greater than anything, your alternative of a marriage Videographer will decide how YOUR DAY seems. " Select a Wedding ceremony Videographer" could also be a very powerful studying you do earlier than your marriage ceremony.


Sandvoll, Ragnhild; Dørum, Kine; Solberg, Mariann. Vitenskapelig ansattes refleksjoner om utvikling av egen undervisning. UNIPED 2017; Volum 40 (4). ISSN 1893-8981.s 284 - 298.s doi: 10.18261/issn.1893-8981-2017-04-02.
Dørum, Kine; Solberg, Mariann. Using Flipped Classroom in Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Application in University Teacher Training. (sammendrag) The International Academy of Technology, Education and Development 2016 (8) ISBN 978-84-608-8860-4. ISSN 2340-1117.s 1821 - 1826.s doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2016.1365.
Dørum, Kine; Bartle, Craig; Pennington, Martin. Social Media Encourages Sense of Belonging among Off-Campus University Students. IGI Global 2012 ISBN 9781466619302.s 68 - 80.
Dørum, Kine; Garland, Kate. Efficient Electronic navigation: A metaphorical question?. Interacting with computers 2011; Volum 23 (2). ISSN 0953-5438.s 129 - 136.s doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2010.11.003.
Dørum, Kine; Bartle, Craig; Pennington, Martin. The Effect of Online Social Networking on Facilitating Sense of Belonging among University Students Living Off Campus. 2010 ISBN 978-1-880094-81-5.s 529 - 535.
Dørum, Kine. 'Lost in Hyperspace': The Effect of Metaphors on Web Navigation. 2008 ISBN 978-1-880094-65-5.s 1380 - 1386.
Dørum, Kine; Sandvoll, Ragnhild; Solberg, Mariann. Developing a Teaching Philosophy: An Exercise in Futility or a Means to Transforming Teaching Practice?. EuroSoTL 2017-06-08 - 2017-06-09 2017.
Dørum, Kine. Hvem skal trøste Knøttet? Tilhørighet og frafall i høyere utdanning.. Utdanningskonferanse for SU-fakultetet 2017-10-03 - 2017-10-03 2017.
Sandvoll, Ragnhild; Dørum, Kine; Solberg, Mariann. Min undervisningsfilosofi: i spennet mellom hvem man er og hvem man vil være som underviser. Danning & utdanning 2016-05-02 - 2016-05-04 2016.
Dørum, Kine; Flytkjær, Vibeke. Bruk av digitale verktøy i høyere utdanning: Må det være ildsjelenes arena?. Læringsfestivalen 2015 2015-05-04 - 2015-05-05 2015.
Dørum, Kine. The Role of Individual Differences and Metaphor in Hypermedia Navigation. 2012.
Dørum, Kine; Bartle, Craig; Pennington, Martin. What makes students feel they belong at university?. Quality in Learning and Teaching seminar series 2010-10-01 - 2010-10-01 2010.
Pennington, Martin; Bartle, Craig; Dørum, Kine. Student Retention and Success: Sense of Belonging and Intimacy. HEA Retention Convention 2010-03-20 - 2010-03-20 2010.
Pennington, Martin; Dørum, Kine; Bartle, Craig. Belonging, Learning and Working: theory and practice in supporting students with disabilities and specific learning difficulties. HEA Research Series 2010-10-10 - 2010-10-10 2010.
Dørum, Kine. It's All In Your Head: The Effect Of Metaphor On Web Navigation. (sammendrag) 2008.
Dørum, Kine. The Effect Of Metaphor On Web Navigation. University of Leicester Festival of Postgraduate Research 2008-05-20 - 2008-05-20 2008.
Dørum, Kine. The Effect of Interface Metaphors on Navigation Performance. University of Leicester School of Psychology Internal Research Seminar Series 2008-05-28 - 2008-05-28 2008.
Dørum, Kine. Electronic Navigation: Context, Content, and Individual Differences. University of Leicester School of Psychology, 2nd Annual Postgraduate Conference 2007-07-11 - 2007-07-11 2007.
Dørum, Kine. Cognitive Style and Hypertext Browsing Strategies. University of Leicester School of Psychology Internal Research Seminar Series 2007-03-20 - 2007-03-20 2007.
Dørum, Kine. Navigation in Two-Dimensional Information Spaces. University of Leicester School of Psychology, 1st Annual Postgraduate Conference 2007-05-17 - 2007-05-17 2007.


Image Title: How To Build A Hanging Room Divider Panels IKEA Spotlats Regarding Panel Dividers Plans 29. Filename: how-to-build-a-hanging-room-divider-panels-ikea-spotlats-regarding-panel-dividers-plans-29.jpg. Image Dimension: 931 x 690 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Rey Monahan. Uploaded Date: Monday - May 21st. 2018 09:05:55 AM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: hgtv.com.
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An oil test can identify wear and contamination issues, empowering you to take corrective action and prevent costly repairs and downtime.
Our own range of Lubemaster equipment to extend the life of your lubricants.
The most efficient and cost effective filtration system available.
Our technicians can do all the work for you, removing the contamination from your oil, extending it's life and efficacy.
Our FlushMaster is designed specifically to flush compressors on the gas pipeline.
It is critical to the test results that the oil sample taken is typical of the compartment oil.
Is your machinery underperforming? Used Oil Analysis takes the guesswork out of maintenance management and lets you communicate with your machinery.
We provide comprehensive analysis on all compartments, including engine and hydraulic oil testing, gearboxes, differentials, turbines as well as compressors, grease and coolant. Testing parameters vary slightly from hydraulic oil testing to the engine oil test or gearbox samples but microscopic reporting is standard on all samples. This is particularly useful with the engine oil test as it shows the size and quantity of soot particles present.
WITH OUR UNIQUE MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS YOU CAN LITERALLY SEE THE CONDITION OF THE OIL AND WHAT IS AFFECTING THE INSIDE OF YOUR MACHINE.
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As the "clothier to champions," New York outfitter Billy Taub spared no expense in making his clients look their very best. Offered is a pair of Billy Taub promotional items featuring multiple sporting legends. Included are 1.) postmarked 6/15/32 "Graphic All Sports Dinner" postcard with several stars including Ruth and Schmeling (FR, due to extensive crease, removed stamp) and 2.) circa 1930s Dempsey faux leather 2-3/4" book with blank inner pages in excellent condition.


text:
Musina Local Municipality is located in the Vhembe District Municipality of Limpopo province, South Africa, and is the northernmost local municipality in South Africa. It borders on Botswana and Zimbabwe. The seat of Musina Local Municipality is Musina.

Sub places
The 2011 census divided the municipality into the following Sub Places:

Politics
The municipal council consists of twenty-four members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Twelve councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in twelve wards, while the remaining twelve are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 3 August 2016 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of eighteen seats on the council.
The following table shows the results of the election.

References

External links
 Official homepage

Local municipalities of the Vhembe District Municipality

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


During the school year, interactive lessons, in depth explorations, and immersive experiences challenge students to enrich the skills needed to thrive in a dynamic future. A vital part of our curriculum includes giving students the chance to work next to members of the Fishers community.
The community partners project is the last major endeavor of the fall semester. Using their newly-learned Design Thinking skills, groups of students take on challenges issued by a local entities. They'll walk through the entire Design Thinking process and propose innovative solutions to the problems presented by the time the semester rounds out in December. Challenges can be any size or shape--the more diverse the better!
We're always recruiting partners! If your organization is interested, please contact Steve Guenin (smguenin@hse.k12.in.us) or Kelsey Habig (khabig@hse.k12.in.us).
Fishers Public Relations - Develop ThisisFishers.com, a lifestyle-blog dedicated to the stories of Fishers residents and businesses.
Fishers Police Dept. - Use student perspective in safe school planning and establish student-led projects to improve school safety.
Senator Jim Merritt's Office - Put together a prevention program for student peers focused on both prescription and illicit opioids.
Fishers Zoning & Planning - Propose a plan for 75 acres of undeveloped land that highlights the need for creating a sense of place, commercial nodes, smart and diverse housing designs, connectivity and open space.
Fishers Fire Dept. - What one time event or multi-level approach can connect the Fishers Fire Department with the older students (middle and high school) for prevention and safety information?
Goldfish Swim School - In what ways can we make high schoolers and college students aware of our job opportunities?
Citizens State Bank - How can high schoolers establish and maintain a budget to start their road to financial freedom?
School of Rock - With a budget of $2000/month, what's the most effective way to reach potential clients ages 12-18?
The New Creative - Tracking billable time and doing the actual billing itself tend to be big obstacles for me in my business. How can I streamline and standardize those processes?
Fall Creek Township Trustees - How can we increase awareness for our food pantry to potential food and financial donors, families in need, and community partners?
Escapes on the Run - There are two primary areas for expansion: market demographics and technology.
Clear Object - Design a way that managers of a restaurant can use metrics from social media to determine when to begin cooking food in order to minimize waste.
Fishers YMCA - We would welcome innovative solutions to our problem of recruiting and retaining high quality part time staff in Aquatics (swim instructors, life guards) and Play & Learn (child care workers) departments.
City Councilman Todd Zimmerman - What are ways to get residents connected with day-to-day local government? How can an elected official do a better job of communicating with constituents?
Fishers Parks & Rec. - Fishers continues to receive accolades for green initiatives, but we don't currently have a recycling program for our parks. Implement one recognizing that such an initiative goes beyond simply setting up recycling bins.
HSE Schools Foundation - Public education is not often seen as a philanthropic cause like Riley Hospital, the Humane Society, etc.. How can students mobilize to give back to local schools? How can they inspire the community to follow their lead?
Nickel Plate Arts - We're taking on more responsibilities in Fishers next year, but we can't afford to add more staff. What's the best way to spread the word about volunteer opportunities and to keep volunteers engaged between events?


This is a very rare telephone to find here in the UK.
This is a very well made US telephone. It actually weighs an incredible 9 kg before packing. It is not a reproduction and is a model I spend a lot of time trying to get my hands on. I love this iconic piece of American history and it is so rare to get them in the UK. To ship this to the UK by air would be well over £100 plus VAT on both the purchase price and the shipping. You may also be liable for import duties but cant remember. If you can get someone to post it out of the USA which in my experience is quite hard. This of course will come with my lifetime of ownership guarantee and so added piece of mind.
This telephone is as found but cleaned tested and fitted with an extra long handset cord, a new handset, an electronic microphone and a GPO specification round plastic line in cord with a UK plug telephone plug socket. Please note it is in great condition with all the chrome lovely and shiny. It has some paint scratches around as shown in the pictures but thought it nicer to leave than strip and re-paint. It is working perfectly to receive and dial out. I have a couple of quarters I found in the coin box and they can be used in the slots and will go straight through to the collection box below. This is wired up to work as a normal telephone without the need for coins. No dial label is offered as it has the bell logo in the dial centre. It also has the original key to take the front off and allow it to be screwed to the wall. Make sure you have a good solid wall to fit to. I get these in once in a blue moon and so don't hesitate if interested.


text:
import * as React from 'react';

declare const Radio: (props: {}) => React.ReactElement<{}>;
declare const OtherRadio: () => React.ReactElement<{}>;
declare const Checkbox: React.SFC;

declare const condition1: boolean;
declare const condition2: boolean;
declare const condition3: boolean;

const RandomComponent: React.SFC = () => {
  const Component =
    condition1
      ? Radio
      : Checkbox;

  const OtherComponent =
    condition2
      ? OtherRadio
      : Checkbox;
  return condition1 ? <Component /> : <OtherComponent />;
};

//// [reactSFCAndFunctionResolvable.js]
"use strict";
/// <reference path="react16.d.ts" />
exports.__esModule = true;
var React = require("react");
var RandomComponent = function () {
    var Component = condition1
        ? Radio
        : Checkbox;
    var OtherComponent = condition2
        ? OtherRadio
        : Checkbox;
    return condition1 ? React.createElement(Component, null) : React.createElement(OtherComponent, null);
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Todd Bentley Planning South Africa "Crusade Tour"
Posted on February 27, 2013 by Richard Bartholomew
Controversial neo-Pentecostal revivalist Todd Bentley has announced details of a planned "South Africa Crusade Tour" for April, which will see him link up with "Prophet Zion Matthew" in Durban, followed by visits to the Solid Rock Church in Johannesburg, to the Jabulani Camp Site at Bronkhorstspruit (mis-spelled as "Bronkhorstpruit") , then on to Worcester (hosted by YWAM) and finally to Cape Town, where he will minister"at Lighthouse Ministries (billed as "Light House Ministries") and Celebration Covenant Church International.
Zion Matthew describes himself as "a HISTORYMAKER AND NATIONSHAKER", and as an "intense worship warrior with a prophetic and apostolic thrust", having been "impacted by one of South Africa's leading Prophets"; perhaps inevitably, he also runs a motivational speaking business. The "Solid Rock Church of Miracles", meanwhile, is headed by Johan Van Wyk, who studied at the Rhema Bible Training Centre. In 2010 the church had some trouble with the Advertising Standards Authority over "miracle healing" adverts.
Lighthouse Ministries is also a Rhema church, while the Celebration Covenant Church is "a church that relates to New Covenant Ministries International, a apostolic team that is located around the world headed up by Tyrone Daniels." The NCMI grouping comes under some critical scrutiny at this blog.
Last year, Bentley planned a visit to the UK which was cancelled after the Home Secretary banned him from entering the country. Bentley's visit was also opposed by Malcolm Wicks, the MP for Croydon, who at the time was very ill from cancer; Wicks died a few weeks later, and in December Rick Joyner (a close associate of Gen. William "Jerry" Boykin) declared that this was an instance of God "removing opposition from His people".
« Kamal Saleem Speaks alongside World War Two Resistance Heroine Patriarch of Moscow Mourns Hugo Chávez »
Todd Bentley Planning South Africa "Crusade Tour | Sola Dei Gloria, on February 27, 2013 at 9:13 pm said:
[…] You can see the story at BarthNotes […]
Rick Frueh, on February 28, 2013 at 12:33 am said:
After reading your first two paragraphs, I wonder does there come a time where the hyperbole reservoir becomes empty? I must add a more succinct description other than "Controversial neo-Pentecostal revivalist".
How about resident kook?
Dolores, on February 28, 2013 at 3:04 pm said:
What a shame that the people of South Africa will be subjected to such deception being promoted by "pastors" they trust. I pray for discernment for those Christians, and that they delve into Scripture themselves. The article states" then on to Worcester (hosted by YWAM)"….. can YWAM get much more off-base?? It is hard to believe anyone, ANYONE, who is a born-again believer would continue to support the likes of Todd Bentley.
madelinerees@hotmail.co.uk, on April 13, 2013 at 6:20 pm said:
Not only in South Africa! He was constantly plugged on British God TV….. by the founders Wendy & Rory Alec!! They want him to visit Uk and set up 'Joels Army….hope you watch the you tube video on this army! Fortunately Todd is still banned in uk. End times deception + +
Ronald, on March 3, 2013 at 4:47 pm said:
The Sunday Times Newspaper (SA) carried a story on Mr Bentley's S.A tour. I was asked to comment, I certainly had nothing positive to say except that this is a tragedy on the part of the Churches hosting Mr. Bentley's circus/freakshow. I have followed Bentley's "ministry" over the years and nothing aligns with the Word of God. The Church is so desperate, they she will latch onto any garbage in these last days.
Bruce, on March 7, 2013 at 9:07 pm said:
These Rhema people are crazy, this man along with his confessor Rick Joiner are crazy and in need of a psychiatrist the man is an adulterer and child molester kicked a women in the face, punched a guys tooth out, follows a female angel and we are ok with this, Rick Joiner prophetic score is about the same as the daily horoscope, I'm ashamed of you South Africans but pleaded that our Home Secretary band him
» Todd Bentley Claims Miracles in South Africa, "Hundreds of Muslims and Hindus" Converted Bartholomew's Notes on Religion, on April 14, 2013 at 9:40 am said:
[…] madelinerees@hotmail.co.uk on Todd Bentley Planning South Africa "Crusade Tour" […]
charles allan, on April 14, 2013 at 10:03 am said:
There is so much bad stuff about this deceiver on the internet – hard to believe he is still being promoted since he has never produced evidence of his signs and wonders. Even unbelievers have more discernment and would spot him a mile away.
Noemi, on April 15, 2013 at 11:28 pm said:
Whether Tod is repentant it is not for me to say or judge. I felt so sorry for his former wife and children. It is devastating when a person who claims to be sent by and from God chooses the pleasures of the flesh and destroy his own family. What example can that be for the children?!
Also, sadly to say this, but I did not see evidence of God's power in Todd's ministry. Yelling and screaming I heard a lot. I personally went to the meetings 4 or 5 times. There was NO reading of God's Word. In terms of tourism that was positive because of tax revenues to the county.
Like I said, it is not for me to judge Todd's life and ministry, but the hurt still lingers in the hearts and souls of many people. May Jesus heals the wounds and skepticism in many hearts caused by Todd's personal choices and behavior.
May God though and by His Holy Spirit give us all discernment and wisdom to follow the One and Only Savior and Redeemer: JESUS CHRIST.
Hannah, on April 23, 2013 at 1:56 pm said:
Hello pastor,
My family watches your programme whenever we can. We are going tru the most difficult time in our lives. We dont have a house, we need to get our visas done soon so we can live in the united arab emirates. We need good jobs, good health and lots of finance as we are extremely short on it. We have a lot of loans to pay. My finace is in trouble also and he needs a way out. Pastor please pray for us, dat God will have mercy on my family and
God may open doors for us. We are stressed and disturbed. Please pray for us. Hannah
Pauline Thompson, on May 8, 2013 at 7:40 pm said:
Please could you let me know when and were Todd Bentley would be in pretoria or johannesburg area


text:
A lengthy but fairly gentle stroll around the outskirts of the capital.
London Outer Orbital Path (The LOOP)Henry Stedman2021-12-29T20:53:50+00:00
The LOOP (London Outer Orbital Path)
WHERE IS THE LOOP? Following the outer limits of London, within the M25 (though occasionally within earshot) and largely within the Metropolitan Green Belt.
HOW LONG IS THE LONDON OUTER ORBITAL PATH (LOOP)? 150.75 miles/242.6km
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO WALK THE LONDON OUTER ORBITAL PATH (LOOP)? Though the walk is divided into 24 stages, most people take between a week and two weeks in total to complete the trail.
IS IT A NATIONAL TRAIL: No
WHERE DOES THE LOOP START? Erith, a former Kent village that, since the 1960s, has been part of Greater London.
AND WHERE DOES IT END? Purfleet, in the shadow of the Queen Elizabeth Bridge – and across the Thames from Erith at the start of the trail.
HOW HARD IS THE LONDON OUTER ORBITAL PATH? Straightforward. Yes, there are a few gradients, but ones at which experienced and inexperienced walkers alike will probably scoff. The walking is largely conducted on footpaths, though there's plenty of walking on pavements and bridleways too. The only difficulty is finding your way.
The first and most important thing to say about the London Outer Orbital Path is that it cannot compare with any of the other walks on this page.
Beauty, adventure, excitement – it simply can't compete with the other trails in any of these categories.
But then, that's not really the point.
For not only was this walk designed by Londoners (an organisation called the London Walking Forum conceived of it in the early 1990s) but it was largely designed for Londoners too, to give them a chance to get away from the Big Smoke and to enjoy something that resembles a long-distance trail.
In other words, this isn't a walk that was ever intended to be tackled in one go by hikers in full trekking gear taking their annual vacation. Instead, it was designed to be tackled in a series of leisurely afternoons out, a brief escape from the city
We had to say this at the outset, as we would hate for someone to travel from outside the South-East of England in order to tackle the LOOP. Or, even worse, for somebody to come from abroad to walk it, and to go home a couple of weeks later thinking this was the best this country had to offer. Because it really isn't. But if you're someone who enjoys walking, but is stuck in the capital, then the LOOP offers a real respite from the city.
Loop Introduction
One could say that the name of the trail is somewhat misleading. For one thing, the LOOP does not describe a complete loop or circle around the capital: between the official start at Erith and the end at Purfleet there is the small matter of the River Thames, which cannot be crossed easily from one side to the other – at least, not anywhere near there.
The name is also misleading for another reason: because while it may have London quite literally at its heart, it doesn't stick wholly within the boundaries of the capital but instead regularly calls upon the neighbouring home counties. True, it largely succeeds in avoiding Kent altogether, but the LOOP does indulge in a dalliance with Surrey, flirts with Buckinghamshire, and becomes rather heavily involved with Hertfordshire – before finally settling down for a lasting liaison with Essex. The trail does, however, stay within the M25 – though occasionally you can hear the roar of traffic from it. And by-and-large it likes to stick to the so-called 'Metropolitan Green Belt' – that buffer zone of green, largely undeveloped land that encircles the city.
The first green belt around the capital actually dates back to the Elizabethan age, and was designed to stop the spread of the plague. These days, however, the green belt is a designed to combat what many see as an equally virulent pestilence – that of the profit-hungry developer looking to build on Britain's diminishing stock of countryside.
In doing so, the designers of the LOOP have made the trail as attractive and tranquil as a walk within the confines of the M25 can be; indeed, the trail is sometimes called the M25 for walkers. It means that, scenery-wise, for much of your time you'll be walking through fields, farms and parkland. Indeed, it's only when you look at a satellite image of the walk that you realise that you are actually always pretty close to civilisation; because, for much of your time on the trail, it simply doesn't feel like it.
That's not to say that your walk around the LOOP will be one continuous 150-mile long rural ramble. London's relentless expansion over the past 200 years has obviously had a deleterious effect on the countryside, and on the wildlife that lives within it. There are no hares in Harefield, for example, and no cranes swooping over the Crane River. And if there ever was a moor in Moor Park – well, there's no more moor in Moor Park anymore.
But, having said that I must confess that I saw more wildlife on this walk than on any of my other treks in Britain! I certainly saw more deer – and not just in the parks either, but more often than not running free in the fields and woodland. I also saw more woodpeckers and little owls (yes, really) on this hike than on any other – and certainly more parakeets, those relative newcomers to the city that have colonised vast swathes of the capital's greener sections. Nor was that the only foreign interloper on my time on the LOOP, with a terrapin also putting in an appearance in the ponds of Foot's Cray meadows.
But it wasn't just the wildlife that was such a pleasant surprise on the LOOP. Some of the scenery, too, was really lovely. I am thinking in particular of Happy Valley, on the edge of the North Downs, and the open expanse of nearby Farthing Downs. I am thinking, too, of the stillness of the former hay meadows at Totteridge Fields, and of the lovely undulating farmland near Harefield, where London abuts Buckinhamshire, and peaceful, unsung Salmon's Brook – a river of calm and a lovely spot for a picnic lunch.
Nor is it just the natural features of the LOOP that entice. A few of the villages, such as cute Farnborough and grand Monken Hadley, are delightful, while the town of Kingston is as majestic and handsome as the former site of royal coronations should be. And the LOOP also takes you to places that may well have heard of, but perhaps never had reason to visit.
And I haven't even mentioned the joy of walking by the Grand Union Canal, a vein of calm through the West London clamour.
So that's the LOOP for you; a lengthy, straightforward stroll through some of London's less well-known quarters. It may not feature the grand vistas or unconfined wilderness of some of England's other long-distance trails and, when viewed on a map, it may not appear the most enticing region for a lengthy walk. But don't be put off by any negative preconceptions you may have.
Because the LOOP will, I am pretty sure, surprise you.
Should you 'do' the LOOP'?
The Lavender fields of Mayfield
For the quirky sights....
It may lack the jaw-dropping sights and scenery of other trails, but there are certain sights on the LOOP that you just won't find on other walks? Where else can you find barges made of concrete? Or a deep sea diver made of wire? A memorial that celebrates the grandfather of Coldplay's Chris Martin? A trail that crosses the Greenwich Meridian twice? The house that was used in the TV series The Good Life? Or a field replete with vibrant lavender which, at the weekends in summer, are crowded with women in their finest dresses who've come just to be photographed frolicking amongst the rows? It's only on the LOOP that you can see these sights.
For all those places that you've heard of, but never known where they were....
This route is great for introducing you to places that you've heard about many times, but never actually known where in the world they are. The movie and TV Mecca of Elstree; the home of football's VAR, Stockley Park; that perennial punchline to a joke, Cockfosters; the centre of heart surgery in the UK, Harefield; even the Grand Union Canal and its course through the capital. These are places that you have probably heard many times in news and sports reports, but had never actually had reason to visit or taken the time to discover where they were. Well, this route passes through all of the above and several more.
...and for those places that you'd never heard of, but perhaps should have done
The cute village of Farnborough and grand Monken Hadley, where some of the residences are so grand they have their own Wikipedia page, were both unexpected delights and deserve to be more renowned than they are.
For the wildlife...
The amount and variety of wildlife that we spotted along the trail was the biggest surprise that the LOOP provided. But when you think about it, it does make sense. After all, the LOOP deliberately tries to stick to the greener parts of the capital's perimeter, no matter how slight or insignificant – even if it's just a scrap of woodland squeezed between a stream and a housing estate. The local wildlife, of course, tries to do exactly the same, which is why we shouldn't be surprised, perhaps, by how many birds and animals we saw.
To find out how London fits together....
You get plenty of opportunities to overlook it from various viewpoints along the way, allowing you to get a better idea of how the capital all fits together, and how some of the taller landmarks – Wembley Stadium, Canary Wharf, the Shard – stand in relation to each other.
...and to get a sense of just how big it is.....
You are, after all, circumambulating around the entire Greater London area, and it's going to take you at least a week – which gives you some idea of just how massive the capital is.
For the birdwatching....
From the owls of Bushey Park to the woodpeckers of Epping Foreset and the parakeets of, well, just about everywhere, there's plenty of avifauna to admire. And we haven't even mentioned Rainham Marshes, at the end of the LOOP, the home of birdwatching in the South-East.
To find out what Henry VIII got up to when he wasn't decapitating his wives ....
Everybody knows about Henry's marital record, but what's not so well known was his love for big houses. The LOOP happens to visit several of his grand houses, including Nonsuch Place (so named because Henry, so he hoped, thought that there could be 'none such place like it' in the whole of Europe, Bushy Park (the hunting ground of Hampton Court Palace), and, in North London, Elysing Palace. Unfortunately, only Hampton Court Palace survives and even that's off the path – but it is interesting to know a little more about the man apart from his marriages.
There are some lovely places to sit...
I know it sounds odd but there's some interesting public works of art along the way. Amongst them are some lovely carved benches – lovely places to sit, eat your sandwiches and take the weight off your feet for a few moments.
If you've not walked a long-distance trail before....
Given the excellent facilities along the way, the fact that you're never far from your fellow humans this is perhaps a good trail to attempt if you live in or near London, have never attempted a multi-day hike before, and don't want to commit to anything bigger. Not to mention the fact that there are transport connections everywhere, so you can always jack it in if you decide walking for fun is not for you.
For the blackberries....
Maybe it was because it was a very hot day and we were thus slightly delirious, or maybe it's because we just happened to arrive on the day when they reached peak ripeness – whatever the reason, the blackberries we picked and ate on the very first stage, through the marshes of Erith, were the most delicious we've ever tasted.
Litter along the Grand Union Canal
It simply can't compare to any of the others on this site...
While it has its merits, the LOOP fares badly when compared to all the other walks on this site. It just simply lacks any sort of WOW factor. Admittedly, the other walks on this site are all of a Premier League quality. The LOOP, however, is Championship level at best.
It's not really about London...
It may have London in its title, but don't embark on the LOOP expecting to see London, or at least those parts of London that you see on postcards. This path sticks to the very hem on the outskirts of London – from memory, I can't remember venturing any closer to the capital's heart than Zone 4.
There's very little peace...
There aren't many places where I couldn't hear any traffic or other industrial noise. It makes you realise how it isn't just the look of a trail that's important – it's the sound of it too. It also shows just how misleading photos can be. The picture at the top of this page, for instance, of the two people walking down the slopes from an old church, would appear to have been taken in some idyllic rural location. Not so, for while taking it, I had the constant roar of the A2022 and several other major thoroughfares roaring behind me. This conjunction of beauty and bedlam in very close proximity is very typical of the LOOP along its entire length.
The litter is just depressing....
Maybe it was because we were walking the LOOP during 2020 when lockdowns were frequent and public services were more limited, but the amount of litter along the way was just so depressing. It could make you lose your faith not just in the LOOP, nor in London, but in humanity itself.
It's not for campers...
There is at best maybe one or two campsites along the trail. You could try wild camping along the way, I suppose, but even the wildest corners of the trail are frequently visited by people, not all of them – particularly after dark – harbouring the most benign of intentions.
It's not for those on a budget
I don't think we need to point out to people how expensive London is. When researching the book we stayed in Travelodges (using a 2-for-1 special offer), bought our breakfasts and lunches from supermarkets and our dinners from takeaways – and still spent at least £60 a day.
It's sad to see what we've lost....
Much of the land the LOOP passes through was, in a previous life, the carefully tended estates of large mansions, manors and palaces. Seeing how this same land has been criss-crossed by highways, converted into housing estates, High Streets or industrial units, while the houses themselves have mostly disappeared, or been converted into flats, pubs or offices, does give you pause for thought and reflect on the path humanity is taking. (That said, it should also be pointed out that while the land may have looked much more beautiful a couple of hundred years ago, in all probability if we were around back then we would not have been allowed anywhere near it unless we were part of the household staff.)
It's not really about London....
As we mention in the Introduction, don't walk in the LOOP expecting to see the Houses of Parliament, Tower of London, Piccadilly Circus and all the other attractions of the town centre. You won't be walking near any of them.
It's hard to eat up the miles quickly....
The route is quite intricate as it negotiates the various roads, paths, parks, canals, golf courses and other features of the outer suburbs. Unfortunately, with the signage being so poor, this means you have to pay close attention to the map you're using (preferably, of course, the ones in our book!) For this reason, it's hard to make good progress – hopefully the book will improve matters for you, but while researching it we were forever retracing our steps to get back on the right trail.
Useful info for LOOP walkers
With London the hub of the nation's transport network, you won't have any trouble travelling to the capital. And once you're in the capital, you won't have any trouble bouncing back out to the capital's outer reaches in order to pick up the trail. But be warned: though the services are frequent, it can take an hour or two to travel from one part of London to another.
Transport along the London Outer Orbital Path
The London Transport network is vast, complex and far-reaching. One vital bit of kit to take along is your smartphone. The TfL (Transport for London) website has updates on train and bus times; best of all, type in where you are and where you want to go and they'll come up with the quickest route. It's very clever!
Walking the LOOP with a dog
It's not a problem taking your dog along the LOOP, though you may not be able to let him or her off the lead as much as you can on most other walks. There's a lot of traffic, of course, but several of the parks also ask that you keep your dogs on a lead.
If your dog struggles to behave when joggers run past, or there are other dogs around, or in crowds, or on public transport, then the LOOP is not the best trail for them.
There is also one place on the trail where dogs are not allowed at all. The Woodland Gardens of Bushy Park are off-limits; luckily, there is an alternative trail that hugs the fence of the Gardens.
One more thing: don't forget your poo bags. You'll be doing a lot more pavement walking on this route than on others and the local residents won't take too kindly to your hound decorating their walkways.
So where might I get lost? The biggest difficulty with walking the LOOP is finding your way. Unlike nearly all the other trails on this site, there are a lot of people who live on or near the LOOP. Unfortunately, that also means you're more likely to find someone who takes great pleasure in stealing footpath signs, or defacing them, or, perhaps worst of all, adjusting them so they point in the wrong direction.
We've been informed that the Inner London branch of the Ramblers Association are taking over the maintenance of the LOOP – and its little sister, the Capital Ring – and hopefully so we can look forward to better signage along the trail. But
So we still think our book will be invaluable for navigation. Because during the research of this book, we separated from the trail countless times, and many were the hours we spent trudging around a field scanning the horizon for a signpost. Annoying at the time, at least it enabled us to discover precisely where hikers are likely to lose their way – and provide detailed instructions on the map to prevent future walkers from doing so.
Or to put it another way: we got lost, so you don't have to.
Camping and accommodation along the London Outer Orbital Path
Most LOOP walkers live in London, and so won't be requiring any accommodation. But for those who do, please note the following:
There's little to no camping along the LOOP. Leave your tent at home.
There aren't many hostels along the way either, but it doesn't cost much time or effort to catch a train or tube into Central London where you'll find plenty.
As for B&Bs and hotels, there are several along the way, and some have some history too. We point out the more intriguing ones in the book. If you're on a budget, you may find the accommodation offered by the national chains such as Travelodge (who also allow dogs, though for £20 a stay) to be both great value (rooms start at around £29, though you need to book in advance) and they have places dotted all along the trail.
Facilities along the London Outer Orbital Path
Supermarkets, banks, trekking stores you won't have to walk far before you come across them. The stages usually end near shops. Usually, but not always. That's no great hardship if the stage is only 3 or 4 miles, but is slightly more galling if the stage is 10 miles or more or if, as happens on a couple of occasions, there are no stops at the stage's end. So do make sure you read up about your day's walk before you set off, just so you know whether you need to take provisions with you or can pick them up en route or at the end of your hike.
I suppose the biggest danger on the trail is other people. Though most of the time the civilisation you visit on the LOOP is, well, very civilised, some bits, it's fair to say, aren't. I don't think it's fair to mention all of the more insalubrious places the trail passes through – though if I ever set foot in Cranford again it'll be too soon. Suffice to say, there are some rough edges to London, and it might be wise to be off the trail before night falls – these pleasant parks, waterways that you pass through take on a much more menacing aspect after dark.
It's not worth rushing through the LOOP. There is a lot to see and plenty of pleasant cafes, pubs and parks where it's nice to eat, sit and sunbathe for a while. Indeed, treating the LOOP as a series of 'picnics' bookended by some hiking is not a bad idea.
Take a book to read on the train or tube on the way to/from the trail – sometimes it takes a long time to get to/from the trail.
Take your smartphone with you and download the TfL app.
On that subject, don't buy single tickets at train stations – just tap your payment card on the barriers on the way into the station. You'll save a lot of money that way (as long as you remember to tap out again afterwards).
Finished the LOOP and want a similar challenge? The Capital Ring is like a concentric circle to the LOOP, lying wholly within the LOOP but still outside of Central London.
The LOOP Guide!
Comprehensive, all-in-one guide to walking the London Outer Orbital Path.
The walking guide includes:
* 48 large-scale walking maps at just under 1:20,000 – showing route times, places to stay, places to eat, points of interest and much more.
* Places to eat with reviews Teashops, cafes, takeaways, pubs, restaurants.
* What to see along the way Historical, cultural and geographical background information.
* Itineraries for all walkers Whether walking the route in its entirety over a week to 10 days or sampling the highlights on day walks and short breaks.
* Comprehensive public transport information For all access points on the path.
* Flora and fauna Four page full colour flower guide, plus an illustrated section on local wildlife.
* Green hiking Understanding the local environment and minimizing our impact on it.
* The information is written onto the maps, so walking directions, tricky junctions, places to stay and eat, points of interest and walking times are all written onto the maps themselves in the places to which they apply. The maps are not general-purpose ones but fully-edited maps drawn by walkers for walkers.


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This is expression has become a true reality in nowadays. For instance , our children are suffering in many ways. First, every time they eat candies, sodas and many kinds of chips, they are hurting their body. For a while they don't like those things, but then they love them too much and they become addicted. Their addiction sometimes leads to serious illnes. For example, my daughter used to trick me. She does well in her studying and then orders me to reward her work. I asked her what she wanted. She responded by saying she wanted me to buy some candies for her. During past years, I always wondered what little details through time will affect my daughter. One night, she woke up with a lot pain. She was suffering. She felt something in her stomach that was bothering her. When I saw her face , she was panicked. "Please, Dad, would you take me to the hospital?" Right away I got dressed, and drove my car little faster than I used to . I took her to the emergency room then the doctor told me that she needs surgery right away. He said that she had a stone, something that required immediate attention. The injury in her stomach can affect the entire body and brain. I remembered when the nurse came with a bunches of paper work that I need to signed in order the hospital policy the doctor can do his duties. It was a risk. I never thought that my daughter's life can be in dangerous situation only because I couldn't advise her before and I felt guilty about that.
Another example, bad habits can take a life away. My uncle Luis who died 3 years ago also, he paid the price. I used to eat any kind of food out. I used to go with him to some different restaurants. He bought food outside on the street. He rarely ate at home. He didn't like to do exercises. He liked to watch to TV a lot. He didn't smoke but he loved to eat. He never visited a doctor, but one day he started to feel pain By the time that happened he couldn' t get up from bed. Finally, a doctor checked on him and told us that my uncle had a cancer, and he had only few days to live. The news impacted our life forever. It was terrible, I still remember my uncle face before he died.
In conclusion, it is good to eat good vegetables and different kind of minerals and proteins for our body. We should practice exercise like yoga, run in the park or just go to the gym. We should have a balanced diet. We need to be careful about what we give to our children. The education and habits must start in our home. We should get information from magazines, internet, libraries, or any other resources. If we practice good habits we may live longer and be healthy.


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text:
Cloud Site Dropbox Drops the Ball
Popular data storage site accidentally unlocked users' accounts, suit charges
James R. Hood Founder and Editor
The Dropbox data hosting service introduced a bug that unlocked its 25 million users' accounts and data for everyone to see, a class action lawsuit claims in California's Northern District.
In the suit filed in U.S. District Court in San Francisco, Dropbox customer Cristina Wong of Los Angeles said she did not learn about the incident until she read a news story about it several days later.
Dropbox, which claims to have more than 25 million subscribers, is a popular "cloud" storage service that lets Internet users easily keep all of their data online so that it is accessible to all of their devices.
The company also assures customers that it keeps their data secure from theft and unauthorized disclosure. "We believe that storing data in Dropbox is fare more safe than the alternatives," the company said in an April 21 blog posting.
The suit notes that Dropbox actively encourages consumers to store their sensitive personal and business data on its system because of its supposedly superior security.
"Introduced a bug"
Yet, Wong says that on June 20, Dropbox announced via a blog post that it had "introduced a bug" on June 19, allowing users to log into other users' accounts and access their data but did not notify all of its clients of the problem.
Instead, in a breezily written blog, the company said:
"Hi Dropboxers, Yesterday we made a code update at 1:54pm Pacific time that introduced a bug affecting our authentication mechanism. We discovered this at 5:41pm and a fix was live at 5:46pm."
The company's blog posting said that only "a very small number of users (much less than 1 percent) logged in during that period, some of whom could have logged into an account without the correct password."
Dropbox said that as a precaution it ended all logged in sessions and launched an investigation of all activity at the time the system was compromised.
"If we identify any specific instances of unusual activity, we'll immediately notify the account owner," the posting said.
"This should never have happened," the blog post said, words that may come back to haunt Dropbox.
The suit charges the San Francisco company with violating the California Unfair Competition Law, invasion of privacy and negligence.
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James R. Hood
ConsumerAffairs' founder and former editor, Jim Hood formerly headed Associated Press Broadcast News, directing coverage of major news events worldwide. He also served as Senior Vice President of United Press International and was the founder and editor of Zapnews, a newswire service for radio and television.


text:
require 'spec_helper'

describe Danger::Changelog::ChangelogPlaceholderLine do
  let(:config) { Danger::Changelog.config }

  context 'with a custom placeholder line' do
    before do
      config.placeholder_line = "* Nothing yet here.\n"
    end

    context 'when line is equal to placeholder_line from config' do
      it_behaves_like 'validates as changelog placeholder line', "* Nothing yet here.\n"
      it_behaves_like 'valid changelog placeholder line', "* Nothing yet here.\n"
    end

    context 'when line is not equal to placeholder_line from config' do
      it_behaves_like 'does not validate as changelog placeholder line', "* Put your contribution here.\n"
      it_behaves_like 'invalid changelog placeholder line', "* Put your contribution here.\n"
    end
  end

  context 'with a blank placeholder line' do
    before do
      config.placeholder_line = nil
    end

    context 'when line is not blank' do
      it_behaves_like 'does not validate as changelog placeholder line', "* Whatever.\n"
      it_behaves_like 'invalid changelog placeholder line', "* Whatever.\n"
    end
  end
end