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Matthew McConaughey And Emmanuel Acho Discuss Racism In Powerful Video.
Engaging in honest and uncomfortable discussions about the root of the issue is one of the best ways to solve a problem.
As protesters across the country condemn racism and injustice, former NFL star and broadcaster Emmanuel Acho is helping people start conversations at home. In his YouTube Series, "Uncomfortable Conversations with a Black Man," Acho talks about racial issues, including inequality and bias.
In his first episode, Acho shared his perspective as a black man who has experienced discrimination in all walks of life. His words resonated with millions, opening hearts and minds around the world. In the second, he sat down with actor Matthew McConaughey, who asked a series of powerful questions, starting with, "How can I do better as a white man?"
They talk about terms like "implicit bias" and "white allergies." These are often expressed through backhanded compliments such as "you don't talk like you're black" or "you're so pretty for a black girl." Both paint people of color as stereotypes, not individuals.
Acho points out the people making these comments don't realize they're hurtful, but that it's up to them to acknowledge what they're doing. Then they can correct their behavior and become part of the solution.
"People should take the responsibility proactively to say, 'You know what? Maybe I'm a part of the problem, maybe I can fix this issue not just by being not racist, but by being anti-racist. Maybe I can level the playing field and make it a fair fight,'" Acho said.
If you're wondering how to become a better ally, we'd encourage you to follow his advice by taking an honest look at yourself and how you can change your actions. We know we will.
Acho and McConaughey cover more important topics in this episode, so be sure to watch below, and share to help spark more conversations.
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Home > Economics > Employment > Workers and Employment
Workers and Employment
What is meant by the 'employment' and what is its connection with the term 'work'? Is there a difference between the two? This chapter focusses, in length, on the economic definition of work, worker, labour force, workforce, and employment. Let us dive right in.
1 Suggested Videos
2 Economic Definition of Work
2.1 Browse more Topics under Employment
2.2 Types of Workers
3 Employment: Definition and Important Terminologies
3.1 Worker and Workforce
3.2 Sectors of the Economy
4 Solved Example for You
Economic Definition of Work
To understand the issues of employment, let us first understand the relevance of 'work'. Work helps us to earn a living. But more importantly, work gives us a sense of worth to be able to do something and lends meaning to our being. It is our way of contributing to the national income of the country.
By that definition, a 'worker' is one who is bound by a contractual agreement or one who gets rewards from working or is self-employed. There can be different types of workers defined on the basis of certain parameters.
Browse more Topics under Employment
Unemployment and Employment Generation
Types of Workers
Hired Worker: These are workers who are employed by others (employers) and receive a salary/wage as compensation for work. Hired workers may again be of two types:
Casual Worker: These are workers who are engaged by employers on a temporary basis for some specific work. They are not permanent and do not receive any social security or other work benefits. Example: Construction workers are contracted only for specific projects and not hired permanently. Seasonal workers such as those engaged on the farm only during the harvest season are also classified as casual workers.
Regular Salaried Worker: These are workers hired by employers on a permanent basis and are paid regular salaries/wages for their work. Example: Chartered accountants, teachers, sports trainers at a sports club.
Self-Employed: The other set of workers are those who are not employed by some employer but who own and work for their own enterprise. Example: Proprietors, business persons.
In the urban areas, in India, 41% workers are self-employed and 59% are hired. In rural areas, 54% are self-employed and 46% are hired. The percentage of self-employed persons is more in the rural areas as the workers there are usually engaged in working on their own farms. Contrarily, in the urban areas, workers tend to be employed in factories or offices in larger proportion than their rural counterparts.
Employment: Definition and Important Terminologies
The term 'employment' refers to the state of being employed. It is the relationship between an employer and employee, usually. Employment for people varies in the sense that some of them are employed for the entire year, while the others are employed for only some portion of the year.
(Source: Google Images)
Worker and Workforce
All the persons in a country who are engaged in productive activities i.e. in activities that contribute to the national product of the country constitute workforce. Statistics on the workforce reveal that 70% of the workforce is constituted in rural areas, while only 30% belong to the urban areas. Out of the rural workforce, only 26% are female workers.
In the urban areas, the figure drops to 14%. The overall female percentage of the workforce is 30%, while the remaining 70% is constituted by males. It is important to note the formula for the workforce participation ratio:
Participation Ratio = (Total Workforce/ Total Population) x 100
Note that the workforce discussed earlier is different from another concept called labour force. It refers to the number of workers willing and able to offer their labour at a wage rate. This is nothing but labour supply. It refers to the work workers are willing and able to do at a given wage rate.
The participation rate in rural areas is 41% and higher than that in urban areas (35% only). The overall participation rate in the country stands at a low figure of slightly over 39%. This means that even while more people may be working, only a small chunk is engaged in productive activity. Even then, the participation rate is higher in rural areas. Even the female participation rate is higher in rural than urban areas.
Sectors of the Economy
Based on the engagement of workers in different kinds of employment, the economy can be broadly divided into three sectors:
Primary: Constitutes agriculture and allied activities. The Primary sector continues to employ the maximum number of workers in our country, even though the number has dropped over the years.
Secondary: Mainly includes the manufacturing activities, along with electricity, gas, water supply, and construction. Workers have shifted from agriculture to other forms of productive activity. This is also followed by rural to urban migration. A country's transformation in employment from agriculture to secondary and tertiary sectors is called structural transformation.
Tertiary: Comprises the service sector i.e. transport and communication, banking, insurance, trade, storage, etc.
Solved Example for You
Question: What is worker -population ratio and what is its significance?
Answer: Worker -population ratio is the ratio of the workers who are contributing to productive activities in a country to its total population. The population figure is the total number of people residing in a country at a point of time. It is useful to give an idea about the employment situation of a country. It indicates what proportion of the population is actually contributing to the production of goods and services in the country. The ratio is usually multiplied by 100 for percentage values.
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Sun Prairie – When You're Here, You're Home
Air Date: 06/15/2019 - 06/16/2019
Mariah and Jake leave the hustle and bustle of Madison behind and take the quick drive down Highway 151 to Sun Prairie, one of Wisconsin's fastest growing communities with all the charm of a small town.
Georgia O'Keeffe, one of the world's most celebrated artists, was born in Sun Prairie, and her influence continues to be seen in the community's art scene to this day. Mariah visits the Sun Prairie Historical Library and Museum, home to an exhibit honoring her work and life in Sun Prairie, before heading to Board & Brush to create her own "masterpiece."
Meanwhile, Jake dives in to the history and community traditions of Sun Prairie, including the beloved Groundhog Day celebration. He also explores downtown Sun Prairie and takes a home brewing class at Cannery Wine & Spirits.
Sun Prairie's food scene has no shortage of flair and flavor, and visitors will find some of the best flavors at Sassy Cow Creamery, Beans 'n Cream Coffeehouse, and Willie Ty's Eatery. But a trip to Sun Prairie isn't complete without a stop at Salvatore's, where Jake learns the secret behind their famous tomato pies.
Sun Prairie's annual Sweet Corn Festival is a favorite summer event for locals and visitors alike, while nearby Angell Park Speedway has been a staple of the racing community since the 1930s! Meanwhile, nearby Patrick Marsh provides 315 acres of peace and quiet; and if you come during the summer months, you may even catch a glimpse of the American White Pelican.
Mariah wraps up the trip to Sun Prairie with a peek inside the Prairie Athletic Club, one of the largest health clubs in the state, before learning a trick or two at the Sun Prairie Ice Arena. While it may be growing, Sun Prairie still maintains its friendly, welcoming atmosphere that will make it easy for every visitor to see why in Sun Prairie, when you're here, you're home!
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A beautiful mural encompassing the many aspects of Sun Prairie brings a splash of color to downtown.
The dragons at Hallman Lindsay are one of the numerous public art displays scattered throughout Sun Prairie.
A member of the DW Crew films the Hallman Lindsay dragons.
A cow sculpture painted in the style of Georgia O'Keeffe greets visitors outside of the Sun Prairie Historical Library & Museum.
A videographer for Discover Wisconsin films the Georgia O'Keeffe cow in downtown Sun Prairie.
Visitors can make their own custom wood signs at Board & Brush in downtown Sun Prairie.
A videographer for Discover Wisconsin films a workshop at Board & Brush.
Mariah and Board & Brush owner, Gina Gaspardo, show off her finished project!
Jake chats with Sun Prairie mayor, Paul Esser, during a stop on a historic walking tour of downtown.
Jake learns the basics of home brewing at Cannery Wine & Spirits.
Cannery Wine & Spirits staff members take first-time home brewers through all the steps!
People enjoy a tasting session with a local brewery at Cannery Wine & Spirits.
Sassy Cow Creamery offers a wide variety of delicious ice cream flavors!
The DW Crew films outside of Sassy Cow Creamery.
Visitors can tour the milking parlor and other facilities at Sassy Cow Creamery to get a behind the scenes look at how they make their products.
Jake learns the basics of making one of Salvatore's famous tomato pies from owner, Pat DePula.
Jake and Pat check out their finished pizza.
Hundreds of pounds of sweet corn are prepared for the annual Sweet Corn Festival.
A family enjoys the Sweet Corn Festival.
Angell Park Speedway is one of the premiere dirt race tracks in the Midwest!
Thousands of people visit at Angell Park Speedway every summer to cheer on their favorite racers.
A beautiful sunset illuminates Patrick Marsh.
Just a quick, 10-minute drive from Madison's east side, Sun Prairie is one of Wisconsin's fastest growing communities. Sun Prairie has more than one claim to fame: birthplace of Georgia O'Keeffe, Groundhog Capital of Wisconsin, home to legendary racing venue, Angell Park Speedway – the list goes on! The city's beautiful parks host a number of fun activities in the summer, including concerts and movies, while Patrick Marsh provides 315 acres for hiking, bird watching and hunting. Sun Prairie's vibrant downtown district has an abundance of local restaurants, shops, entertainment and historical architecture. In this rapidly changing community, there's always something new to explore!
Sun Prairie Economic Development
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Visitors enjoy a sunny day in downtown Sun Prairie during Fall Fest.
Mariah shows off her finished wood sign at Board & Brush!
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Ruschiella is een geslacht uit de ijskruidfamilie (Aizoaceae). De soorten uit het geslacht komen voor in de Kaapprovincie in Zuid-Afrika.

Soorten
 Ruschiella argentea (L.Bolus) Klak
 Ruschiella cedrimontana Klak
 Ruschiella henricii (L.Bolus) Klak
 Ruschiella lunulata (A.Berger) Klak

IJskruidfamilie

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Online Public Safety Degrees That are Low Cost
Schools around the country offering online public safety programs charge students a median tuition of $16,500 per year. The median tuition has increased by 7.4% in recent years. In 2007, the per annum median tuition was $15,361 at these online colleges and universities.
Below, the chart displays the tuition range for online public safety colleges from most to least costly:
At the high end, schools offering online public safety programs charge students more than $16,500 in tuition each year. However, the cheapest colleges charge students yearly tuition costs ranging from $2,870 to $13,376. The accredited online public safety schools that are the least costly are located in Florida.
Bachelor of Science in Public Safety and Security – Crime Scene Investigation
Bachelor of Arts in Public Safety Administration – Corporate Security
Associate of Science in Justice and Public Safety Administration
Bachelor of Science in Homeland Security and Public Safety
Associate of Science in Public Safety
Bachelor of Arts in Public Safety Administration – Criminal Justice
Associate of Arts and Science in Public Safety
Associate of Business Administration – Public Safety and Security Management
Bachelor in Public Safety
Bachelor of Arts in Public Safety Administration – Emergency Management
In 2011, of all public safety graduates from online colleges and universities in the nation, an estimated 54% earned credentials from these cheap programs. Therefore, of the 136,560 graduates from around the US, 74,210 are from the least costly schools. From 2006 to 2011, the percentage of public safety graduates from the most inexpensive online colleges and universities has decreased. However, the number of graduates has increased by 25,324 graduates each year.
1. Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida $2,870 $16,627
2. Keiser University Fort Lauderdale, Florida $13,376 $13,376
3. Grand Canyon University Phoenix, Arizona $16,500 $16,500
4. Mercer University Macon, Georgia $30,360 $30,360
5. Drexel University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania $30,900 $30,900
More Americans Getting College Degrees
Online Associates Degree Programs in Forensic Accounting Ranked From Lowest to Highest Tuition


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Home > Israel News
Were There Actually 'Jewish Perpetrators' of the Holocaust?
Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki says there were, along with Polish, Russian, Ukrainian and German. Israeli historians say it's part of an ongoing campaign to blur the line between the murderers and the victims
David B. Green
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Chaim Rumkowski, head of the Judenrat in Lodz Ghetto during the Holocaust. Rumkowski was eventually murdered in Auschwitz, apparently by members of the Jewish Sonderkommando, in August 1944.USHMM
Who was Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki referring to on Saturday when he spoke about "Jewish perpetrators" in the Holocaust?
>> To really understand Poland's pivot on the Holocaust, subscribe to Haaretz
Morawiecki was responding to a question from Israeli journalist Ronen Bergman during a session at the Munich Security Conference. Bergman, the son of Polish Holocaust survivors, told the premier that when he was growing up, his mother had said she and her family were saved only because their Gentile neighbors did not know they were there. The neighbors, he said, "snitched to the Gestapo" when there were Jews hiding in the vicinity. Bergman wondered aloud if his revelation would make him subject to criminal charges in present-day Poland.
>> What Poland's PM wanted to achieve with outrageous 'Jewish Holocaust perpetrators' remark <<
Morawiecki denied that anyone needed to fear being punished in Poland for claiming there had been "Polish perpetrators" – just as there were "Jewish perpetrators, as there were Russian perpetrators, as there were Ukrainian – not only German perpetrators."
There is no denying that the Germans, in occupying Poland, forced the country's Jews to assist in governing and policing themselves, by way of the Judenrat (the Jewish councils) and the Jewish police, who were responsible for running the day-to-day affairs in the Jewish ghettoes and keeping order. When the Nazis began the process of "liquidating" a ghetto, they would obligate the Judenrat to provide lists of the Jewish residents, and sometimes to select the victims.
Members of the Jewish Sonderkommando working in Auschwitz, the death camp in Nazi-occupied Poland, in 1944.
In some cases, such as that of Warsaw Ghetto Judenrat head Adam Czerniaków, suicide was preferable to assisting in the deportation of his fellow Jews: Czerniaków ingested a cyanide pill on July 23, 1942 – the day the transports began.
How Poles are more vilified as 'bestial' brute Jew killers than German Nazis themselves
Swastikas sprayed on Poland's Tel Aviv embassy day after 'Jewish Holocaust perpetrators' remark
Netanyahu tells Polish PM in phone call: Comparing Polish and Jewish perpetrators of Holocaust is baseless
Far more controversial was Chaim Rumkowski, who headed Lodz Ghetto and implored the Jews there to assist him in turning over the ghetto's children, as well as its elderly, to the Germans so that the remainder would be saved. Of course, all of Lodz's Jews were eventually deported, including Rumkowski, who was murdered in Auschwitz, apparently by members of the Jewish Sonderkommando, on August 28, 1944. (The Sonderkommando were another example of Jews being pressed into doing the Nazis' dirty work for them – in this case, removing dead bodies from the gas chambers.)
But the stories of Rumkowski, and the Jewish police, and many other disturbing episodes of Jews who collaborated with the Germans – some because they thought it would save some lives, others because of what can only be called moral depravity – are well known.
As Havi Dreifuss, a professor of history at Tel Aviv University and a researcher at Yad Vashem, told Haaretz in an interview, "This was one of the first subjects to be tackled by Jewish and Israeli scholars" of the Holocaust, and it continues to be studied today. In Israel, "some Jews were even put on trial for their acts during the Holocaust. Naturally, it is a very sensitive topic, but there's no taboo on studying it. Even if it was a marginal phenomenon, no one even thinks to suggest that it shouldn't be researched."
Dreifuss says she suspects Morawiecki's Munich comments were part of a larger effort underway in Poland that is intended "to blur the differences between the murderers and the victims." And the differences, she says, are enormous.
"First, the scope of the phenomenon was marginal in the Jewish case – important but marginal – whereas the hostile reaction of many Poles to the persecuted Jews was a norm in most parts of Poland. Poles hated and feared Nazi Germany, but many of them saw the murder of the Jews as a 'positive' outcome of the war. Second, there is the question of motives. While most Jews collaborated hoping to save themselves, their family or part of their community – Poles helped Nazi Germany hunt Jews due to various reasons, among them hatred and financial benefits."
'Outrageous' comparison
Poland's Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki at the Munich Security Conference, February 17, 2018. He said there were "Jewish perpetrators, as there were Russian perpetrators, as there were Ukrainian."Sven Hoppe/AP
Dr. David Silberklang, a senior historian at Yad Vashem and editor of its Yad Vashem Studies journal, concurred with Dreifuss, saying that it was "outrageous" to make the comparison between Jewish collaborators and Polish ones.
Like Dreifuss, he emphasizes that the phenomenon was "marginal," and also that Jews who did help the Germans "were looking for a way to save their skins." Among Gentile Poles, "we're talking about people who went out of their way to hunt down Jews," he says.
Morawiecki was at great pains to note that it's wrong to speak of "'Polish' death camps," since "there was no Polish independent state" during World War II, and the concentration and death camps were organized and operated by the Nazi German occupiers. But even he had to correct himself a short time later when he began a sentence with the words, "In Poland," and then corrected himself by saying, "On the Polish soil, I should have said, because there was no Poland during the Second World War"
That too, is somewhat misleading, as there was both a Polish government-in-exile – which was based in London during the war – and there was also the Delegatura, which was commonly referred to as the "underground state." Its job, in the words of Yad Vashem's Silberklang, "was to try to hold together Polish society against the attacks on it by the Nazis, who were trying to dissolve Polish society."
Also, there was a Polish police force that numbered some 15,000 in 1942, serving in both the cities and the countryside in the General Government (the Warsaw, Krakow, Radom, Lublin and Eastern Galicia districts). Says Silberklang: "They're often the ones who are hunting down the Jews who ran away. And they could have decided that they weren't going to find the Jews." They could have put on a show of searching for them, before saying, "'You know, these Jews are just so good at hiding, we're not able to find them.' But they didn't do that, at least not as an institution."
skip - Morawiecki visiting the Holy Cross Mountains Brigade memorial in Munich
Premier @MorawieckiM zapalił znicz i złożył wieniec pod pomnikiem poświęconym robotnikom przymusowym różnych narodowości. pic.twitter.com/hNIz7NftsT
— Kancelaria Premiera (@PremierRP) February 17, 2018
Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki visits Holy Cross Mountains BrigadeTwitter
Furthermore, adds Silberklang, neither the government in exile, nor the Delegatura in occupied Poland, nor any of the various underground military organizations "ever defined fighting the Germans as including trying to help Jews." There were other nations – Silberklang mentions the Dutch and the Danish – whose resistance organizations did make that part of their mission, but not the Poles. Some would not even accept Jews into their ranks, and some even "actively hunted down Jews and killed them."
On Saturday, notes Silberklang, Morawiecki "laid a wreath at the burial site of some of them," referring to the premier's visit to a Munich cemetery to pay homage to the memory of members of the Holy Cross Mountains Brigade – a far-right, anti-communist underground group – who are buried in Munich.
Argues Silberklang: "It's not just a matter of 'Your hero is my criminal; my hero is your criminal.' Someone who's actually murdering people can't be anyone's hero."
There was a Polish organization, Zegota, founded by both Jews and non-Jews that was dedicated to rescuing Jews. "But now," says Silberklang, "it's used as an example of the spirit of the Polish people. When the fact of the matter is that Polish rescuers – those who tried to help Jews – had to fear their neighbors more than they had to fear the Germans. Because so many of their neighbors wanted to turn them in."
As an example, he points to Irena Sendler, the Gentile woman who rescued Jewish children from the Warsaw Ghetto. "She saved dozens, maybe a couple of hundred. And she paid for it. She was punished and beaten by the Germans. But one of her comments [after the war] was that, in Poland, it was easier to hide a tank under a rug than a Jewish child in a Christian home."
On Sunday, Morawiecki tried to limit the damage caused by his remarks a day earlier. A spokesperson issued a statement claiming that his words "should be interpreted as a sincere call for open discussion of crimes committed against Jews during the Holocaust, regardless of the nationality of those involved."
However, the new Polish law that recently reignited the debate about Poland and the Holocaust forbids open discussion of that topic, making illegal any statement accusing the "Polish nation, people or state" of participating in any way in the Holocaust.
Dreifuss stresses that the argument here is not between "Jews" and "Poles." She notes that "there are wonderful Polish scholars who have contributed tremendously to our knowledge about the Holocaust, including – yet not only – on some darker aspects of Polish and Jewish relations.
"The argument is between people who want to write history, and talk about history, based on existing documentation and updated knowledge – and those who don't want to allow this open discussion," she adds. "For me, the saddest thing will be if this attempt to blur differences and frighten the promising younger generation of Polish scholars ends up succeeding. Simplification will take over the field, and the complex reality of those dreadful days will be fundamentally harmed."
Haaretz Columnist


Andrew was born into a world of fish, fountains and ponds! Based at our Sutton Coldfield Garden Centre he heads up the team of aquatic staff. Andrew has a great passion and love for cars, and can always be found with a bucket and sponge on a Sunday afternoon. Back in the days before settling down Andrew would be cruising at an altitude of 4534 over to the Far East where his love of travelling first stemmed. With over 35 years of experience Andrew is always at hand to offer his professional advise.
Dan has a keen interest in film and photography and whilst still at college he started a small media production company which he still is greatly involved with today. His main interests in editing and post production of short films and music videos was a significant factor in securing Dan a full time position at GardenSite. He now usees these skills producing video content for our website and social media pages. Dan also has an interest and knowledge of coldwater and tropical aquatics and when not filming or editing a video he can be found in our Aquatics Department where he is one of our key sales advisors and also manages our Returns Department. Dan is also keen to buy his first house.
Dan is General Manager at our Sutton Coldfield branch and has been with GardenSite since joining from a renowned garden centre in 2008. He has built up a vast industry knowledge as well as an extensive company knowledge which is why he is the first contact for many customers and staff alike. Dan controls much of our international shipping, sending garden furniture around the world to exotic locations such as the British Virgin Islands. He is also extremely knowledgable when it comes to all aspects of garden buildings and is always happy to help. His core interests outside of work include his two little girls, and not forgetting his wife Gemma, who are the light of his life. Dan also enjoys and knows about cars so if someone needs a hand he is again the first to offer help, especially for stranded customers.
Originally born in Romania, just a stones throw away from Transylvania, Flori began her career at a veterinary university before making the decision to move to England. With no particular career in mind just a desire to work, Flori's first job in England was as a child carer for down's syndrome children. She also worked part time at several cafes and restaurants, eager to earn enough money to rent her own property. Flori joined The Garden Room team in 2011, and adding yet another string to her bow, she attended accountancy college in the evenings hoping to one day make this her career. Since starting at Halls, Flori has made it clear that she is a driven worker and has gone on to become one of our bistros supervisors as well as now working part-time in our accounts department. In Flori's own words she is "the best thing to happen to Halls since sliced bread".
Frankie studied Spanish and French at the University of Exeter before embarking on a legal conversion course in Birmingham and London. She has worked in several departments within the company including many elements of GardenSite. She has recently completed a successful legal secondment within one of the world's largest media conglomerates and has secured a 2 year contract at an international law firm in the City of London.
Kay is head of Human Resources at Hall's Garden Supplies and also leads Special Projects as and when they arise. Kay married Robert in 1990 and they have two daughters.
Keith finished school in 1981 and went to college for 12 months studying hortculture. In 1982 he joined Halls on a youth training scheme initiative for six months, which he passed succesfully. The following year Keith worked for 12 months on a part time basis at the Castle Bromwich garden centre before being taken on full time in the spring of 1984. Keith worked with then manager Stan Dunn and Mrs. Doris Hall for many years forming a very solid working team relationship. Keith was appointed manager in the spring of 1992 . He is a keen sports fan.
After graduating in Media Studies, Martyn was talent spotted by several influential London advertising agencies including Saatchi & Saatchi and WPP. All were happy to showcase his professional versatility as an Account Manager, Media Buyer and Research Director over a successful 30 year career. More recently he has just published his first book and divides his time between freelance writing and website design. When he gets time he likes nothing more than working on his allotment, walking and taking photographs of the great outdoors. We are thrilled to currently have Martyn working as a consulting copywriter for GardenSite.
Paul started working for the Garden Centre in 1990 as a part time assistant and is now our Aquatic Store Manager. His passion for hard work has made him into the person he is today. He works along side Andrew in the Aquatics Centre keeping the staff motivated and pushing the centre forward, bringing new innovative ideas and plans. Paul is also part of our maintenance team, this takes up a lot of his time but he enjoys the challenges that are put his way. His most recent achievement has been to design and install our new marine fish department, which has been a great success! As part of the aquatic team, Paul is always ready to share his technical expertise.
Simon has been an integral part of the team since 1984. He can easily turn his hand to anything, his artistry and brain power is legendary within the company. Simon heads our Christmas department and his displays draw in customers from far and wide. Simon loves his international travel but can also often be found hiking in the Bavarian alps. Coincidentally, this is always at the time of the October Beer Fest. Simon is expert on all of our garden furniture ranges especially Barlow Tyrie and is happy to answer any questions you may have.


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« In Peter Strzok, Trump-haters have picked a truly repulsive martyr to their cause | Judicial lunacy: New Mexico's accused school shooter-training terrorist let out on bail »
Venezuela surrenders on socialist fuel subsidies
It looks like the end of the road for detested Venezuelan dictator Nicolás Maduro.
He's actually surrendering on a socialist principle, or thinks he can sufficiently corrupt it to keep it socialist without saying so.
Maduro has announced the end of subsidized gas at Venezuelan filling stations.
Venezuela's president has said its subsidised fuel prices should rise, to stop smugglers cheating the country out of billions of dollars.
"Gasoline must be sold at an international price to stop smuggling to Colombia and the Caribbean," Nicolás Maduro said in a televised address.
Like many oil producing nations, Venezuela offers its citizens heavily subsidised petrol.
Gas there has been subsidized within an inch of the country's life; it's sold at a price so low that one gringo dollar will buy you 925,000 gallons of premium at the pump. Take a look at how bad it is from this chart.
This is why there is no gas, of course, and the whole country is breaking down and falling apart – all in the name of socialism, providing gas for "the people" instead of those dreaded corporate profits.
It's been a problem for a while. Venezuelan blogger Miguel Octavio, writing in 2011, noted the perverse incentives in these subsidies, which, in the end, serve only the rich. He's been writing about that for years. You can scroll back on his site and find doozies about it such as this:
Of course, in Venezuela, much like what has happened in Iran, this subsidy has a compounding effect, as people use gasoline more and more, because it is so cheap and oil production is going down simultaneusly [sic], so that you get hit twice, as more of the lower production has to be used internally.
Of course the place is falling apart. And Venezuelan oil production has just fallen to 1949 levels, which was reported the other day in Russ Dallen's excellent Latin American Herald Tribune. You can see from his chart what a disaster that has been for Venezuelan oil production, which is pretty much the only source of Venezuelan government income now that the private sector has been crushed as another byproduct of socialism.
Maduro's move to end subsidies appears to be a genuine free-market concession, and quite a large and dramatic one, given that the Venezuelan government has had these subsidies since the pre-Chávez era, although they really got bad when Chávez and Maduro took the helm. Maduro says it's due to fuel-smuggling, but in reality, it's due to empty government coffers.
If Maduro were really serious about ending Venezuela's pain, he'd end all price controls and currency controls, which were enacted for the same bad reasons price controls on gas were, and have had the same deleterious effect on the food supply and the medical supply and pretty much everything else. Obviously, Maduro is thinking of only himself and wants his government financed, the better to repress the people who still suffer under those other price and currency controls in the name of socialism. Maduro served himself first with this concession.
One hopes it won't be enough, given that, as the BBC notes, fuel hikes lead to big riots in Venezuela. I suspect that Maduro knows this and his back is against the wall, so he is willing to take a chance. He is likely hoping his "car census" will keep the subsidies he does release under control, but knowing how efficient his government is, that is a big stretch.
What will likely happen is even more chaos as his free-market surrender leads to more pushes for more surrenders of socialism or else to a revolt. Maduro has been absolutely steadfast up until now about holding to socialism even as the country collapses around him. That he is moving to end his first subsidy suggests a desperate recognition of economic reality and a greedy move to save himself first.
Image credit: Bob J. Galindo via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0.


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Home » Articles » NDIA Names Retired Air Force Gen. Craig R. McKinley its New President and CEO
NDIA Names Retired Air Force Gen. Craig R. McKinley its New President and CEO
The National Defense Industrial Association announced Nov. 18 that retired Air Force Gen. Craig R. McKinley will be the association's next president and CEO, effective Jan. 1.
McKinley is currently president of the Air Force Association, a role he assumed Oct. 1, 2012. McKinley succeeds current NDIA President and CEO Larry Farrell who announced his retirement after serving in that capacity since 2001.
McKinley, a 38-year-veteran of the Air Force, retired as the first four-star chief of the National Guard Bureau, where he also served as a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
"The board conducted an extensive search for the most qualified individual to serve as our next president and CEO," said NDIA Chairman Arnold Punaro.
"With Gen. McKinley, we will have the leadership in place to help introduce a new era at NDIA. In addition to his outstanding military career — which included leading the National Guard during a period when they were extensively committed to combat operations overseas as well as major disaster relief operations at home — he brings a successful track record leading a large defense and aerospace association. Craig is well-known and highly respected by Congress, the executive branch and industry," Punaro added.
McKinley received his commission in 1974 as a distinguished graduate of the ROTC program at Southern Methodist University. He served in numerous assignments in flying and operations, as well as command positions at group, wing, sector and field operating agency levels. He was a command pilot with more than 4,000 hours, primarily in the T-38, F-106, F-16 and F-15. Additionally, he has been pilot in command in the C-131 and C-130 operational support airlift aircraft.
His assignments included commander of the 1st Air Force, Air Combat Command and commander of the Continental U.S. North American Aerospace Defense Command Region, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida.
He served as the assistant deputy chief of staff for plans and programs at the Air Force headquarters, in Washington, D.C., and director of the mobilization and reserve affairs directorate at U.S. European Command, Stuttgart-Vaihingen, Germany.
As a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, he was a military adviser to the president, the secretary of defense, the National Security Council and was the Department of Defense's official channel of communication to the governors and to state adjutants general on all matters pertaining to the National Guard.
Among his military decorations are the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal with bronze oak leaf cluster; Defense Superior Service Medal; Legion of Merit; Meritorious Service Medal with two bronze oak leaf clusters; Air Force Commendation Medal with two bronze oak leaf clusters; Air Force Achievement Medal with two bronze oak leaf clusters; Combat Readiness Medal with four bronze oak leaf clusters; and National Defense Service Medal with bronze service star.
McKinley graduated with a Bachelor's degree in business administration at Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, in 1974; and received his Master's degree in management and economics, at Webster College, St. Louis, Missouri, in 1979, and at the National War College, National Defense University, in 1995.
McKinley and his wife, Cheryl, reside in Arlington, Virginia.
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1890 Crotona Pkwy is a Multi-Family building located in West Farms, Bronx constructed in 1913. This 5-story building has 39 units. The building is within Community District 206 and zoned for the following schools - P.S. 067 Mohegan School, I.S. X318 Math, Science & Technology Through Arts. Nearby transportation include the 2, 5, 6 subway lines.


Nissan has been named Most Improved Fleet Manufacturer of the Year at the prestigious Fleet World Honours in London.
A panel of expert judges selected the carmaker as their winner following its outstanding performance in 2014.
They also named the British-built Nissan Qashqai – one of the nation's most popular and successful company cars – as its Best Crossover.
Nissan registered 63,358* passenger cars during the calendar year – an increase of 13.6% on 2013 – to break all previous fleet sales performance records.
It also launched a number of new products, giving it one of the youngest and most exciting line-ups in the industry, and overtook premium competitors to become the country's seventh largest fleet manufacturer.
At the same time, Nissan also strengthened and expanded its corporate sales team, introduced new systems for the benefit of fleet customers and made improvements to its nationwide network of specialist business centres.
Steve Moody, Editor of Fleet World magazine, said: "Nissan has invested heavily in its fleet team in recent years, launched excellent new cars such as the Qashqai, revamped its website and enforced new fleet service standards on its network.
Of the Qashqai's Best Crossover award, he added: "Despite a swell of competition in the crossover segment, the Qashqai remains the benchmark.
Receiving the awards, Michael Stewart, Fleet Planning Manager at Nissan Motor (GB), said: "We are thrilled to receive two such prestigious awards from an organisation that understands exactly what fleet operators are looking for in a vehicle and a manufacturer.
"The improvements made to the Nissan line-up in recent years are there for all to see, with the new Qashqai, Juke, Pulsar and X-Trail all being launched during 2014.
"But we have been busy working behind the scenes, strengthening our team and our processes, to ensure we offer fleet customers levels of support and services befitting the quality of the products in our range.


Every day, humanitarian aid workers stand on the front lines of war and disaster, braving tremendous dangers and difficulties to deliver assistance to those who need it most. World Humanitarian Day, which takes place on 19th August, is an opportunity to celebrate the spirit that inspires humanitarian work around the globe, and to recognise those who face danger and adversity to help others.
This year, the UN and its partners are advocating for the protection of civilians, aid workers and all those affected by conflict. World Humanitarian Day was established by the General Assembly of the United Nations in December 2008 and was first observed in August 2009. The date was designated to coincide with the anniversary of the 2003 bombing of the United Nations headquarters in Baghdad, Iraq.
On World Humanitarian Day, Cigna honours volunteers worldwide who help people in need. Have you considered volunteering? Research shows there's a strong link between volunteering and health.


When we decided to build our fence, there was a lot of excitement, and having never built one, I was pretty much ready to just dive in! Turns out there was more that needed to be done!
While our house was being built, we got the name of a guy who had built 2 of the fences for the houses on our street. We hadn't looked to closely at them, not knowing when we'd even begin building the fence.
It finally got to the point where we (mostly I) was tired of chasing the dog in the dark when we let her out to go potty. Our sweet, little Peru would go to the bathroom, off leash, and once she was done, would take off like hades was on her heels. She'd run through the muddy construction towards the neighbors. We'd stand outside yelling for her like idiots, and then finally give up, go inside, grab her leash, and go after her.
The time for a fence had come.
Before you get started, here are the steps we took for having a fence built.
Because we have Peru, we knew we'd need to have a fence at least 4' tall. When we had friends over a few weeks ago, she jumped over the back of the couch to land on the cushion. That told us she needed a fence that was a minimum of 5' tall. I didn't want 6' because that was just too much for me. What will be the purpose for your fence? That will help determine the height. If we didn't have a knucklehead for a dog, I probably still would have an open yard.
Fred and I went back and forth between a vinyl fence and a wood fence. Vinyl was definitely appealing. There's so little upkeep with it. Of course, that comes with a hefty price. Wood, while cheaper, would have to be maintained by being cleaned and stained. We went with wood.
We walked the yard a couple times debating on where we wanted the fence to start and end. We also had to figure out how far out we wanted to go to the sides and out to the back. Everyone has their own reasons for how their fence is shaped. I didn't want the propane tank to be inside the fence because the propane guy would either have to heft the hose over the fence every time or go in and out to fill the tank. I just wanted it to be easier all around, especially in the winter. Let's just say that DIDN'T happen. The hubster wanted it inside the fence, so it's inside the fence. HA! We have a weird line in our backyard because of the trees. They're not in a straight line. We also have the sewer line that goes across the length of the backyard for our whole neighborhood. Yay us (not so much).
No, the fence isn't finished here. When I first saw it, I thought the gaps were SO terrible. lol All they'd done was nail it at the top for spacing, and then went back to finish them.
I couldn't believe how far apart all of our quotes were. I think we had 4 or 5. We also had them bid on a deck because we definitely want to have one of those sooner than later. The name the neighbor gave us for who did their fence was the last guy we called. Turned out he was the least expensive. We went with him, especially since we could see the work he'd already done. It was nice to walk by their fences and see what we wanted or didn't want. I wanted rounded gates, and a wider slat in full fence. I may actually regret this as Peru can see everyone and everything that walks by, and barks like a wild beast.
You hear it all the time, especially when the weather starts to get better. Call the electric company before you dig. The last thing you need is to is cause your house to blow up by hitting a gas line or shut the entire neighborhood down by cutting the electrical lines. Check with your HOA to see what their rules say, as well as the city/county to make sure they don't have something in place where you have to pay a fee for building a fence.
We went with a double gate on one side of the house in case we ever needed to get something big through to the backyard. The opposite side only has one gate. I absolutely love the rounded gate tops. The foreman did it by hand! He also notched out the A frame on the inside of the gates by hand. It was so cool to watch him do it!
The finished product is spectacular! I've already asked him to give us a quote for a deck, but we won't be able to do that until some time this summer. We also have to wait 2 months before we can stain it! The wood is still wet/new, and needs time to dry out. If you're looking to have a fence, deck, or landscaping, and you're in the Annapolis, MD area, give T.K. Parker a call at 410-533-5363. You'll be as impressed as we were!
Have you ever had a fence or deck built? Any suggestions for someone else who is planning on building one?


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The Unmutual Reviews: The Prisoner: The Official Calendar 2004
by Rob Fairclough
Slow Dazzle Worldwide Ltd. Review by Lew Stringer.
Back when I was a kid in the sixties, calendars were rather dull things giving one the basic yearly information and nothing else. Those that had illustrations usually featured paintings of thatched cottages or kittens. Basically, the kind of item you'd find interesting if you wore cardigans, read The People's Friend, and thought dominoes was an extreme sport. Unless you bought the Pirelli calendars of course, which were something else entirely and were bought by pasty faced under managers with comb-overs or car mechanics called Wayne.
Thankfully, calendars have evolved a bit since then. These days practically every cult tv series has a calendar devoted to it. Most of such items are published by Slow Dazzle Worldwide, as is the one reviewed here.
The Prisoner: The Official Calendar 2004 has been written and designed by Robert Fairclough, (author of Carlton's official book on The Prisoner). When I say "written", I'm referring to the numerous snippets of Prisoner info given on the relevant dates, not suggesting that Rob has invented new months or decided to reimagine February. For example, March 18th 1967 was the day studio filming began on "Hammer Into Anvil", and September 11th 1960 was the day the Danger Man episode "View From The Villa" was first shown in the UK.
Yes, Danger Man is included too, over two spreads, which is a welcome bonus to the calendar this year. The format of the calendar is similar to most of Slow Dazzle's other output: the publication opens into a double page spread two feet high, with a huge 12" x 12" full colour photograph filling the top half, with the month below accompanied by smaller shots of the series, production paintings, merchandise, original book and comic covers, stills, etc in the other half. Jack Shampan's original painting for the 'Living In Harmony' town is shown beneath January, and the reproduction, like all the images here, is first rate. There are some nice surprises too; the large shot of McGoohan and the crew filming in London for the end of 'Fall Out' was new to me. At the foot of each Prisoner spread is a photograph of Portmeirion by Bruce Frumerman (who shot most of the images for his wife Cathy's book, reviewed HERE).
Calendars are no longer perfunctory items to be thrown away when the year is complete. They are now collectibles in their own right, and this year's Prisoner calendar is one of the best in its field. Rob has also designed the ones for Dalekmania (also by Slow Dazzle) and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation which are equally as fascinating. Click HERE to visit the Slow Dazzle Worldwide site where you can order the items and view an interior spread.


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New Gen Volvo S60 India Launch In Early 2021
The Swedish carmaker has stated that the car was originally planned to be launched in our country this year.
by Praveen Kumar 14 August, 2020 14 August, 2020 2
Home » Car News » Volvo S60 » New Gen Volvo S60 India Launch In Early 2021
Elegant, yet purposeful design has become Volvo's trademark
2021 Volvo S60 India launch will take place within the first quarter of the calendar year (before March-end), the carmaker has revealed. In its third generation now, the new S60 made its global debut in 2018 and was set to be launched here this year.
Volvo Cars India managing director has revealed recently that the launch of the sedan has been pushed to Q1 2021. Another thing that we can state concretely is that the sedan will come with only one petrol engine and a single trim level.
So, the luxury sedan will likely get Volvo's 2.0-litre 4-cylinder petrol that already does duty on the XC40 in India. The motor produces 190 HP and 300 Nm in Volvo's small SUV, and we can expect the figures to stay the same when it comes to the S60. Gearbox option will be limited to an 8-speed auto.
With this available information, we can figure out that the Volvo S60 India launch will see the car come in T4 trim and probably as the R-Design variant, with all the equipment one would expect in the class it competes in.
Design-wise, the S60 has a clean and classy exterior with signature elements like the Thor Hammer headlights, C-shaped tail lamps that add to its elegant look.
Expect the sedan's interior to be built solidly with good quality materials used to build every item that people can touch, feel and see.
Rivals of the S60 would be the BMW 3-Series, C-Class from Mercedes-Benz and the Jaguar XE. Once the S60 India launch takes place, Volvo is expected to introduce the all-electric XC40 Recharge in our country in the same year.
2021 Volvo S60 Launch
Volvo to launch the S60 sedan in India by Q1 next year
To come with a single petrol engine and as a single variant
Launch was earlier planned for 2020, but got postponed
The car coming to India will have all the bells and whistles
It is refreshing to see a car without too many creases all over the exterior
Launch of the third-gen model will take place in the first quarter next year
Only to come with a petrol motor, forget diesel, says Volvo
Source – AutocarIndia.com
New-Gen Volvo S60 Bookings To Begin From January 2021, Launch In March
by Praveen Kumar
Volvo S60 T6 Test Drive Review
Volvo S60 Launch On March 10
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NHAI Sets 5-Year Timeline For 22 New Expressways & Highways


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Case study: why Severn Bridges MAT signed their schools up to Kapow Primary
The 47 teaching staff at Severn Bridges MAT wanted lessons that inspire children in all their schools. But because of a lack of specialism, as well as a lack of information regarding skills and knowledge progression, the staff were struggling to ensure the units they were teaching were built in a way that was relevant for their pupils.
With the help of Kapow Primary's specialist-created schemes of work across the non-core subjects, they were able to develop the right sequencing of the curriculum for their pupils and feel like specialists themselves.
What is the Severn Bridges MAT?
Severn Bridges MAT is situated in Shrewsbury and is made up of three large schools. Altogether, they represent 150 teaching staff and 1050 children from Nursery to Year 6. The teaching staff there uphold a wide range of values and also award their children to highlight their non-academic skills in a way that follows them through school.
What problems were the teaching staff facing?
With the schools' need for schemes of work for the specialist subjects, as well as the staff's varying degrees of knowledge, teaching staff were finding themselves spending a considerable amount of time researching and planning lessons. As Andrew Morris, CEO of Severn Bridges MAT, said, "where teachers are not specialists, it is difficult to plan the correct knowledge progression and skills opportunities into the curriculum or it requires a large amount of time to do this." Their lack of knowledge often meant they weren't feeling confident teaching those subjects.
Therefore the schools needed a scheme of work that enabled them to build their subject knowledge and deliver lessons across the non-core subjects that covered the curriculum but was also time-efficient.
Additionally, the schools wanted exciting and engaging ideas to inspire children in their lessons. They were looking for lessons that were sequenced and built upon each other to ensure learning was embedded in the long-term memory, with assessment or proof of progress opportunities built into each lesson. The Severn Bridges' teaching staff also wanted a cohesive package that was logically sequenced and ensured there weren't significant gaps in coverage.
How did Kapow Primary help them face those challenges?
Kapow Primary was recommended to the trust by a Local Authority advisor as a "useful and supportive tool to planning and teaching the Curriculum in their specialist areas". Kapow Primary was trialled internally and eventually each school subscribed to the Art and design and Computing schemes of work, benefitting from a special MAT pricing offer.
"Our coordinators across the three schools meet as school Development Teams. They initially researched the Kapow Primary subject support, then encouraged other staff to try the resources. Staff liked them and decided to subscribe. From then, the MAT school Improvement Teams looked at the Kapow Primary resources themselves and decided this would work well across the MAT. Staff were supported during staff meetings in using the materials to plan lessons building from the planning and progression in the materials. The School Improvement Teams for each subject review and refine materials designed to support assessment opportunities and proof of progress tasks and opportunities or ensure children recall knowledge earned." explains Andrew.
Now, the teaching staff across all three schools coordinate their teaching plans. Year groups can easily end up teaching the same unit at the same time, though it's up to each school to choose the theme they want to cover in those lessons. The coordinators also meet regularly as a team from each school to share their curriculum and resources and ensure best practice is continually being upheld.
Since subscribing to Kapow Primary, the three schools have found the resources to be extremely good value for money, offering clear planning as well as a fantastic range of additional resources with built-in CPD. The Art and Design and Computing schemes of work support all year groups, ensure progression of skills and cover the whole National Curriculum.
Using Kapow Primary for Computing has positively affected the teachers' planning time and budgets. Instead of relying on several resource providers, they can now rely on Kapow Primary to fulfil all their teaching needs. Additionally, this allows for a clear sense of progression across each Key Stage and prevents the revisiting of work often at the same level in different Year Groups, which helps ensure each pupil acquires a range of vocabulary, knowledge and skills.
The teaching staff there are particularly happy with the quality of the Teacher and Pupil Videos, which are an exciting addition to the lessons, and the age-appropriate nature of the units. But above all, they are finding the schemes of work easy to follow, which was essential to them as it reduces time wasted planning units of work and lessons.
When it comes to the children themselves, Andrew says that they "have really enjoyed the videos and tutorials supplied. They feel they are learning more when questioned about their subject during coordinator reviews. They felt they had more knowledge or knew more facts when asked about what they had learned."
How has Kapow Primary impacted the teachers?
"The staff now feel like 'specialists' themselves," Andrew says. "Co-ordinators feel supported to aid staff develop long- and medium-term plans to support the creation of exciting lessons. The range of subjects are taught more consistently across the school now as some of the 'fear' factor in non-specialist teaching has been removed. Staff understand the progression in units and can use lessons more effectively to judge pupils' skills and knowledge in lessons and help them plan the next lesson more effectively."
Kapow Primary
Kapow Primary Updates


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20 albums that changed how we think forever
In the wake of #TheShowMustBePaused across the music industry (and beyond), we look back on 20 records that permanently changed our approach to the topics that really matter…
Sam Law
Society is a machine. It is not a perfect construct, but a constant work in progress whose shape is determined by its constituent masses. Over the past ten days, there has been a sweeping groundswell of support for change, triggered by the death of George Floyd on the streets of Minneapolis, and a recent spotlight on shooting of unarmed jogger Ahmaud Arbery by a father and son in Georgia on February 23.
With President Donald Trump refusing his condemnation, the problem was clear – that the unlawful deaths of black men in America were too often deemed unworthy of punishment. Righteous objectors would be heard, whether through peaceful protest or violent revolt. Inaction is complicity.
On June 2, 2020, tens of thousands of people around the world joined #BlackoutTuesday, an unprecedented day-long downing-of-tools in solidarity with the black community, supporting a group so obviously – and specifically – suffering. It is, however, more often music – particularly political punk, rock and hip-hop – that delivers the cutting edge with which these integral socio-political issues hack their way into the broader public consciousness in the first place.
Here, we revisit 20 albums after which nothing could ever be the same.
Rage Against The Machine – Rage Against The Machine (1992)
Released mere months before 1992's Los Angeles riots, the incendiary debut from rap-rock renegades Rage Against The Machine was pivotal in bringing together the proud political traditions of hip-hop and punk rock. Although its spotlight on issues as varied as FBI counter-intelligence operations against civil rights leaders and collusion between white-nationalists and law-enforcement are individually valuable, there was far greater value in its return of uncompromising protest music to the upper echelons of the mainstream.
Bad Brains – Rock For Light (1983)
Although the outsider credentials of Washington D.C.'s hardcore punk scene were hardly ever in doubt, its diversity was not a strength. The arrival of Bad Brains permanently changed the narrative, as the members of jazz fusion outfit Mind Power incorporated elements of black culture - hip-hop, soul, Rastafari philosophy – for a reinvigorated twist. Their 1983 sophomore LP Rock For Light was a breakthrough moment, with tracks like Rally 'Round Jah Throne, Riot Squad and Banned In D.C. adding their particular perspective to pressing issues.
Green Day – American Idiot (2004)
In the years prior to 2004, pop-punk had become the butt of a joke: a sophomoric little brother to the true punk trailblazers who might've been enjoying platinum-selling success, but would never quite graduate past the skate shoes, fart jokes and teenage angst with which it was so obviously obsessed. American Idiot changed that, painting President George W. Bush as post-9/11 America's pantomime villain and launching legions of dormant teenagers into a whole different mindset.
Bikini Kill – Pussy Whipped (1993)
Originating in Olympia, Washington, all-female hardcore quartet Bikini Kill did for gender-diversity in this most macho of genres what Bad Brains had done for racial diversity all those years before: delivering a ferocious brand of feminism, encouraging a female-oriented environment at shows, publishing a fanzine to highlight their cause and enduring no small amount of male heckling for it. With songs as unavoidably powerful as Tell Me So and Sugar, 1993's third LP Pussy Whipped took the riot grrrl message to the masses.
Sleater-Kinney – One Beat (2002)
Building on the example set by their hometown sisters in Bikini Kill, Olympia's Sleater-Kinney gave riot grrrl attitude an indie-rock crossover appeal. Conceived as a "voice in the silence" following the 9/11 attacks, their sixth LP One Beat contains their most polemical compositions. Tracks like Far Away and Combat Rock were some of the first mainstream rock tracks to call-out George W. Bush, while others like Hollywood Ending reinforced their feminist opposition to other problems of the time, including the unrealistic female body image popularised by celebrity culture.
Napalm Death – Scum (1987)
By the mid-1980s there was a proud tradition of protest in British rock music, from the hippy sensibilities of folk rock, through gob-flecked punk to the darker, more abstract sensibilities of bands like Killing Joke. Even hardcore punks like Crass had only hinted at the radical mindset and sheer power that shapeshifting Midlands collective Napalm Death would unleash with grindcore masterpiece Scum. From Multinational Corporations to Human Garbage, almost all of its 28 tracks still cut right to the bone today.
Dawn Ray'd – Behold Sedition Plain Song (2019)
It seems staggering in 2020 – still within living memory of the atrocities of the mid-20th Century – that the righteousness of anti-fascist action is up for debate. As Donald Trump labels Antifa a "terrorist" organisation, however, it is clear that control of the narrative needs fighting for. English collective Dawn Ray'd do so with individual power, using folk influence and black metal (elements too often hijacked by less righteous minds) to call to account a world on the brink across tracks as powerful as A Time For Courage At The Borderlines on this superb latest offering.
Rise Against – Siren Song Of The Counter Culture (2004)
Likely the most plainly political outfit in rock's current big leagues, Chicagoan punks Rise Against have a proud tradition of protest anthems. Although 2006's The Sufferer & The Witness might've garnered greater mainstream exposure, their major label debut Siren Song Of The Counter Culture was arguably the more important release: introducing their infectious blend of sociopolitical commentary to a vast new audience, while also layering on some potent introspection that highlights not only how we should lead our lives, but why.
Against Me! – Transgender Dysphoria Blues (2014)
Gainesville anarcho-punks Against Me! were a pivotal voice in political punk long before singer Laura Jane Grace came out as transgender in 2012, but no record has been more integral in starting and steering a conversation than 2014's Transgender Dysphoria Blues. Charting Laura's gender dysphoria as well as the personal and public struggles of her transition, it has proven pivotal in opening up conversations for individuals also struggling, and in reaffirming their place in the open and welcoming modern rock family.
Black Sabbath – Paranoid (1970)
If Black Sabbath's self-titled debut changed the game by, er, effectively inventing heavy metal, their second LP – following a mere seven months later – was the one that really changed how listeners think. Moving on from the spooky sounds and horror movie aesthetic of that first record, these songs were loaded with far more meaning, from War Pigs' indictment of the systemically corrupt military-industrial complex in full flow during the Vietnam War to lead single Paranoid's grappling with the challenges of depression.
Svalbard – It's Hard To Have Hope (2018)
When Svalbard's It's Hard To Have Hope dropped in 2018, not only was it one of the most captivatingly creative metal albums in recent memory, but also one of the most righteously angry. Focusing on the whole spectrum of contemporary issues – from women's rights and animal cruelty to the inherent corruption of a system that simultaneously belittles and holds down a whole generation of Millennials – individual themes were less important than its re-injection of reality to a genre that seemed to be drifting, exclusively, towards the pantomime luridity of masculine bombast and Satanic fantasy. A shout-out to Employed To Serve's The Warmth Of A Dying sun here, for the same reasons.
Propagandhi – Less Talk, More Rock (1996)
When they started out in La Prairie, Manitoba in 1986, Propagandhi were more taken with old school anarchic energy (and skateboarding) than any kind of progressive political message. Less Talk, More Rock changed that. Vociferously espousing the benefits of everything from anti-capitalism to veganism on pointedly titled tracks like Apparently, I'm a 'P.C. Fascist' (Because I Care About Both Human And Non-Human Animals) and The Only Good Fascist Is A Very Dead Fascist, they provocatively raised the bar for political punk in the late 20th Century's period of self-satisfied apathy.
Public Enemy – Fear Of A Black Planet (1990)
Although equally-important second album It Takes A Nation Of Millions To Hold Us Back rocket-boosted Public Enemy's meteoric ascent and placed their status-quo-challenging lyrics squarely under public scrutiny, the Long Island crew refused to fold under the heat, instead channelling it into one of the fiercest and most fearless records in hip-hop history. There was absolutely no give in the social commentary of tracks like 911 Is A Joke and Anti-N*gger Machine, which continue to influence acts as diverse as Linkin Park and FEVER 333, and – unfortunately – still ring painfully true today.
N.W.A. – Straight Outta Compton (1988)
Public Enemy's edgier, West Coat counterparts N.W.A. delivered a dirtier, more intimate snapshot of life on the streets of Los Angeles county's City Of Compton. Depicting the day-to-day cycle of violence and persecution, they meet it not with self-pity or empty indignation, but a burning fire and the simmering threat to take an eye for an eye. Not just a call-to-arms for America's oppressed, this was a reality check for sleepy suburbanites unaware of what was really happening on the wrong side of the tracks.
Body Count – Body Count (1992)
Upping the ante further still, Body Count – a collaboration between Los Angeles rapper Ice-T and his metal-obsessed old Crenshaw High buddies, particularly guitarist Ernie C – allowed unhinged rage to flow, Ernie's serrated six-string textures better fitting the fury, and the sheer vitriol of uber-controversial early cut Cop Killer seeing it subsequently cut from their debut album. More than that, the record was an early rap-rock benchmark, with Ice dispelling the notion that rock was inherently "white" by directing detractors back to early heroes Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley and Little Richard.
Anti-Flag – The Terror State (2003)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's Anti-Flag are not a band that ideologically fuck around. Even by their lofty standards, though, 2003's The Terror State felt like an invigorating slap in the face for anyone with a just bone in their body. A first full-length release sine 9/11 produced by legendary Rage Against The Machine guitarist (and political scholar) Tom Morello, it is a record writhing with revolutionary purpose. Tracks like You Can Kill The Protestor, But You Can't Kill The Protest and Power To The Peaceful still feel breathlessly vital 17 years on.
Frank Turner – Be More Kind (2018)
Although Frank Turner's personal slant on punk politics – describing himself as a "classical liberal" – have raised plenty of eyebrows in the safety pin militia, his humanist beliefs have provided a particular salve in the face of the divisive, populist politics of recent times. Be More Kind is his most convincing statement, with songs like the soothing title-track, 1931 and Make America Great Again highlighting a decay that transcends any traditional left/right divide while begging that we 'make compassion in fashion again' and come back together from the brink.
Minor Threat – Minor Threat (1981)
'I'm a person just like you,' sang Ian MacKaye, with undiluted focus on the 46 urgent seconds of Straight Edge, 'but I've got better things to do than sit around and fuck my head, hang out with the living dead.' For so long, punk-rock (along with virtually every other guitar-centric subgenre) was perceived as being about getting fucked-up and having a good time. The D.C. punks spearheaded an anti-inebriation movement that would unlock the wasted pinpoint potential of so many in the scene.
FEVER 333 – STRENGTH IN NUMB333RS (2019)
Founded on the ideal of the "Three Cs" – community, charity, change – Jason Aalon Butler's post-letlive. project was built from the ground up as a political rap-rock machine, custom-tooled to address everyday modern injustices and activate a rock fanbase who had been sleepily sitting back for too long. From the incendiary aggravation of BURN IT and INGLEWOOD/3's hometown lament to the upbeat plea for resolution in COUP D'ÉTALK, STRENGTH IN NUMB333RS hit a bullseye.
System Of A Down – Toxicity (2001)
The album that sat atop the American Top 10 when the Twin Towers fell, System Of A Down's second LP was a timely reminder that heavy music – at its most accessible – was the perfect vehicle for challenge to the sociopolitical status quo. Taking in themes as varied and unusual as group sex, addiction and traditional Armenian culture, not every moment here feels immediately relevant. But when they do crank the focus on matters like police brutality (Deer Dance), environmental ruin (ATWA) or the prison industrial complex (Prison Song), it is with unmatched impact and infectiousness.
13 albums to kickstart the revolution
The 20 greatest Rage Against The Machine songs – ranked
Jason Aalon Butler on George Floyd and Black Lives Matter


Very sensual and pampering treatment when you can fully experience embodyment of your feminine energy.
Tantric massage for relaxation is very sensual and pampering treatment when you can fully experience embodyment of your feminine energy.
You are treated with love and full atention, receiving gifts in many different forms of touch and stimulation in order to open up your emotional self.
Many women can realise here how it is actualy to feel as woman, to be touched in a way as she was always wanting to be touched.
In this space is very easy to let go negative experience from past , release all energies which are holding you back and choose a new direction of your life. Tantric healing is very important for women in generaly, but mainly it is very important for women who gave birth to child and they feel it has changed their sexual life. Tantra can bring back the passion and joy again.
Bodywork can be very effective tool to help us to change old patterns and habits. By releasing old energy stored in body we help to let go old habits and open to learn something new.


text:
Q: php - Is this safe with XSS I need to set a cookie to keep user login state. I'm going to hash username, password and IP. My code:
login process:
$hashed = md5($username.$pwd.IP);
setcookie('userstate', $username.':'.$hashed);

restore user state:
$vars = split(':', $_COOKIE['userstate']);
pseudo: get user with username in $vars[0]
$hashed = md5($username.$pwd.IP);
if($hashed == $vars[1]) return true;
else return false;

Is this way safe with XSS attack?

A: A XSS attack is only possible when you are outputting content to the client. Because you aren't, it's not possible.
Another attack vector is SQL injection. You cannot trust the input of the $_COOKIE values. So you would have to escape it when you are trying to get the information from the database.

A: The code snippet you pasted is NOT SECURE. Assuming that an attacker gets the cookie, it is possible to figure out the password of the user. This is bad - because users tend to reuse passwords across websites.
How can the password be retrieved? Dictionary attacks. The username and IP Address are trivial to figure out. The attacker just needs to use a dictionary of passwords, generate the hash they way you are doing, and then compare it with the hash in the cookie.
The missing thing in your implementation is a server side secret key that is unknown to the attacker. See this page to learn how Spring Security generates the cookie - you should do something similar.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
West Bengal Bhujel Development and Cultural Board
The aims and objects of the Board shall be to preserve, promote and safeguard the language, traditional folk art, folk music, folk dances and folk culture of the Bhujel community;
General Body of West Bengal Bhujel Development and Cultural Board
Executive Body of West Bengal Bhujel Development and Cultural Board
Backward Classes Welfare Department
Administrative Buildings
DJ-4, Sector-II, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 091
Website: www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in
No. 3415-BCW-6S-17/16 dated the 19th October, 2016
Whereas it is considered expedient to establish a Development Board for the Bhujel community of West Bengal, the Governor is hereby pleased to establish a Board by the name 'The West Bengal Bhujel Development and Cultural Board' with its Head Office in Kalimpong, District Darjeeling, West Bengal, under the administrative control of the Backward Classes Welfare Department, Government of West Bengal. This 'The West Bengal Bhujel Development and Cultural Board' shall be registered under the West Bengal Societies Registration Act, 1961 (West Ben. Act XXVI of 1961).
1. The aims and objects of the Board shall be:
(a) to preserve, promote and safeguard the language, traditional folk art, folk music, folk dances and folk culture of the Bhujel community;
(b) to promote education among the Bhujel community;
(c) to promote traditional games, sports among the Bhujel community;
(d) to publish or cause to publish Literatures paper, Books, Research Works, Magazines relating to customary rights, rituals, folklores and other related literatures of the Bhujel community;
(e) to support the Community for showcasing their identity and Culture;
(f) to facilitate construction of houses, library, and museum for the Bhujel community;
(g) to protect the historical and cultural landmarks, objects, structures, festivals of the Bhujel community;
(h) to undertake activities for promotion of traditional Bhujel Artisans', Folk Artists' and Musicians and promote traditional Bhujel practices;
(i) to provide assistance for developmental activities of the Bhujel community;
(j) to take up social welfare activities catering to the requirements of the Bhujel Community;
(k) to do all such acts, deeds, matters and things connected thereto and therewith as may be necessary or deemed to be necessary as well as incidental or conducive to the foregoing objects.
2. The following shall be the authorities of the Board, namely, –
(a) General Body and (b) Executive Body.
3. General Body.-
(a) The General Body shall initially consist of not more than thirty-one (31) members to be nominated in the following manner;-
i) Chairperson – (to be nominated by the State Government in the Backward Classes Welfare Department from among the Bhujel community to be decided on the basis of recommendation of the largest recognised society or organization of the Bhujel community of West Bengal);
ii) Vice-Chairperson – (to be nominated by the State Government in the Backward Classes Welfare Department from among the Bhujel community to be decided on the basis of recommendation of the largest recognised society or organization of the Bhujel of West Bengal);
iii) Member-Secretary – One officer appointed by the State Government on deputation;
iv) ex-officio member – District Magistrate, Darjeeling or his representative;
v) ex-officio member – District Welfare Officer, Backward Classes Welfare Department, Darjeeling;
vi) ex-officio member – Director, Cultural Research Institute or his representative;
vii) other members to be nominated by the State Government from among the Bhujel community to be decided on the basis of recommendation of the largest recognised society or organization of the Bhujel of West Bengal.
(b) Meeting of the General Body.-
The General Body shall ordinarily meet at least twice a year on date, time and place to be fixed by the Secretary in consultation with the Chairperson and shall:
i) adopt the annual report of the preceding year;
ii) pass the audited accounts and budget estimates and;
iii) transact any business as well be placed in the agenda suggested by the executive body.
(c) Extra – ordinary meeting.-
An extra-ordinary meeting of the General body may be called by the Secretary, in consultation with the Chairperson and at the advice of the Executive body when needed to transact any special business or at the requisition signed by at least ten (10) members of the Board. The Chairperson shall convene the requisitioned meeting within thirty (30) days from the date of the receipt of the requisition. If the requisitioned meeting fails to attain quorum, it will not be adjourned and will be treated as failed.
Notice of the place, date and hour of any meeting and of the business to be transacted shall be issued to the members of the board at least seven (7) days before the date so fixed for the meeting.
(d) The following procedures shall be applicable to all the meetings of the General Body.-
i) One-fifth of the members shall constitute the quorum. If there be no quorum, the meeting shall stand postponed to a date to be fixed by the Chairperson. A fresh notice shall be issued and if there be no quorum again those present shall be competent to transact business.
ii) The Chairperson or in his absence the Vice-Chairperson shall take the Chair. If neither the Chairperson nor the Vice-Chairperson be present the members present shall nominate a President for the meeting from amongst them and transact the business.
(e) The power and duties of the General Body shall be as follows.-
i) to provide guidelines of the activities of the board in conformity with the objects defined;
ii) to consider and adopt annual report of the board;
iii) to consider and approve the audited accounts and the budget estimates;
iv) to appoint auditor for auditing the annual accounts.
4. Executive Body:
(a) The Executive body consisting of not more than eleven (11) members shall be constituted as following by the Government from amongst the members of the general body, namely,-
i) Chairperson – to be nominated by the State Government in the Backward Classes Welfare Department from among the Bhujel community to be decided on the basis of recommendation of the largest recognised society or organization of the Bhujel of West Bengal;
ii) Vice-Chairperson – to be nominated by the State Government in the Backward Classes Welfare Department from among the Bhujel community to be decided on the basis of recommendation of the largest recognised society or 'organization of the Bhujels' of West Bengal;
iii) Member Secretary – One officer appointed by the State Government on deputation;
v) remaining 7 (Seven) members to be nominated by the State Government from among the Bhujel community to be decided on the basis of recommendation of the largest recognised society or organization of the Bhujels' of West Bengal.
Provided that the State Government in the Backward Classes Welfare Department may nominate such other persons, as it may consider necessary for smooth and proper functioning of the Board as members of the Executive body, who will also be members of the General Board.
(b) Meeting of the Executive body:
i) the executive body shall ordinarily meet four times in a year and the quorum of such meeting shall be six (6);
ii) an extra – ordinary meeting of the executive body may be called at the requisition of at least six (6) members of the Executive body to transact any special business. The requisitioned meeting shall be convened within fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of the requisition. If the requisitioned meeting fails to attain quorum, it will not be adjourned and will be treated as failed;
iii) notice of all meetings of the executive body shall be issued at least seven (7) days before the date fixed for such meeting.
(c) The power and duties of the Executive body shall be as follows.-
i) to manage the affairs of the body and for this purpose to constitute committees and/ or sub-committees consisting of the members of the body and to frame and adopt such regulations, bye-laws and pass such orders as may appear conducive to and necessary for the efficient administration of the board and the attainment of these objects provided that such regulations shall not be repugnant to these regulations and shall be reported to the general body, the executive body will constitute a committee or sub-committee to be headed by the chairperson or the vice-chairperson for overall development of the Bhujel community;
ii) to prepare and place before the general body and annual report, the audited accounts and the budget estimates;
iii) to manage all the movable and immovable properties belonging to the board;
iv) to acquire and accept in the name of the board any property (movable and immovable), articles, donations and gifts;
v) to keep accounts audited and the budget estimate prepared, to do all other acts and deeds as shall be necessary and relevant in furtherance to the objects of the board;
vi) to pay out of funds belonging to the board or out of any particular part of such fund, the expenses incurred by the board from time to time including expenses for the formation of the board and management of administration of the foregoing objects, including all rent, rates and taxes, outgoing and salaries, allowances including fringe benefits of the employees. The fringe benefit of the employees will be fixed in consultation with the Government.
(d) The Executive body shall exercise the power as mentioned above subject to the directives as may be issued by the State Government in Backward Classes Welfare Department from time to time.
(e) All the properties belonging to the Board shall be deemed to be vested in the Executive body but should be referred to as the properties of the Board.
5. The State Government in the Backward Classes Welfare Department shall make provision of fund for providing financial assistance to the Board.
6. Term of Office.-
The non-Govemment members may be nominated for a period of five years and their term will automatically expire on completion of five years. However, there is no bar to renominate any or all members for a further term or more.
7. Any member who is not a member in the ex-officio capacity shall cease to be a member of the Board if he or she fails to attend three consecutive meetings of the General Board.
8. Dissolution of Board.-
The Board may be dissolved in accordance with the provisions under section 24 and 27 of the West Bengal Societies Registration Act, 1961. In the event of dissolution after satisfaction of all liabilities, all the assets including movable and immovable properties whatsoever that remain, shall vest in State Government who shall decide the future usage of them.
9. The West Bengal Societies Registration Act, 1961 (West Ben. Act XXVI of 1961) shall apply to this Board.
10. All matters related to Governing, the Board will be governed and guided by terms and conditions as laid down in the "Articles and Memorandum of Association" of the Board.
Ordered that the Resolution be published in the "Kolkata Gazette" and be circulated to all concerned.
By order of the Governor,
Sd/- S.K. THADE
Principal Secretary to the
Government of West Bengal.
No. 3415-BCW dated 19.10.2016