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In This Article The Holocaust in Poland
Collected Studies
Published Primary Sources
Chronicles and Other Documents Written under Occupation
Postwar Testimonies and Memoirs
Polish Jews under Soviet Rule
German Occupation Policy and the Jews
Polish Jews under Nazi Rule
Other Ghettos
Labor Camps
Underground and Partisan Activity
Escape and Hiding
Polish-Jewish Relations
Underground Relations
The Polish Government in Exile
The Massacre at Jedwabne
Other Microhistories
The Holocaust in Contemporary Polish Public Life
Buczacz
Children of Holocaust Survivors
History of the Holocaust
(Holocaust) Memorial Books
Poland, 1800-1939
The Holocaust in France
The Holocaust in Germany
The Holocaust in the Netherlands
The Holocaust in the Soviet Union
Abraham Kook
Forverts/Forward
Sephardic and Mizrahi Jewish Music
The Holocaust in Poland
David Engel
LAST REVIEWED: 13 September 2016
LAST MODIFIED: 28 February 2017
The phrase "Holocaust in Poland" is generally taken to refer to the set of individual or group decisions, actions, and processes that catalyzed or contributed to the deaths of nearly three million of the approximately 3.5 million Jewish citizens of the Second Polish Republic between the years 1939 and 1945. By extension it is also employed to refer to a similar set of decisions, actions, and processes that contributed to the survival of the remainder. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries the government of Poland has protested use of the phrase, objecting to what it considers the implication that Poles were primarily responsible for the Jewish deaths. It has preferred to speak of the "Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Poland." Indeed, the primary killers of Jews were German citizens acting on behalf of the Nazi regime, which occupied approximately half of the territory of the Polish state in September 1939 and the remaining half (which had been occupied by the Soviet Union, also beginning in September 1939) in June 1941. However, scholars have generally included under the rubric the situation of Jews in the territories under Soviet occupation as well as that of several hundred thousand Jews who fled or were deported to the Soviet interior between 1939 and 1941. They have also considered the relations between Poles and Jews under both German and Soviet occupation as a factor that bore upon both death and survival. A minority of scholars apply the term "Holocaust" additionally to the deaths of some two million Polish non-Jews at German hands. Most, however, have identified an essential difference between Nazi policy toward Jews, which sought the death of every Jewish man, woman, and child within reach, and the regime's policy toward non-Jewish Poles, which aimed at the elimination of leadership strata in order to reduce the Polish population to the status of a helot workforce. The listings in this article consider the term in the narrower sense with emphasis on the treatment and fate of Polish Jews.
To date there is no single-volume or multivolume comprehensive history of the Holocaust in Poland. Such a history was commissioned by Yad Vashem, the Israeli state Holocaust memorial agency, in the mid-1980s to parallel similar volumes that have appeared on the Holocaust in Bulgaria, France, Germany, Romania, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia. However, the volume on Poland was never completed. In the absence of such a comprehensive survey, Gutman 1990 provides the best and most accessible brief outline available. Polonsky 2012 incorporates newer material about the Holocaust into a broad narrative of the history of 20th-century Polish and Soviet Jewry. Snyder 2010 treats the Holocaust as part of the general history of the ethnically mixed regions between Germany and the Soviet Union, all of whose inhabitants suffered murderous violence between 1933 and 1945. Snyder 2015 places the Holocaust in Poland within a broad theory concerning the origins and implementation of the Final Solution across Europe. Shpizman 1942 is included as an example of how the situation of Jews in German-occupied Poland was perceived by contemporaries before the existence of a Nazi mass murder program was known.
Gutman, Israel. "Poland." In Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Vol. 3. Edited by Israel Gutman, 1143–1176. New York: Macmillan, 1990.
Narrative survey. This four-volume work presented the state of the field in Holocaust studies during the 1980s, before access to sources in the former Soviet Union and Eastern bloc countries was available. No similar reference work has superseded it. Entries concerning Poland are listed in the index, Volume 4, pp. 1872–1873.
Polonsky, Antony. The Jews in Poland and Russia. Vol. 3, 1914 to 2008. Oxford: Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2012.
Synthetic history written by a leading historian, suitable for general readers and undergraduates as well as scholars. The Holocaust is treated in Part 2 (pp. 359–587).
Shpizman, L. Di yidn in natsi-poyln. New York: Yidisher Kemfer, 1942.
The first book-length effort to describe and analyze the situation of Polish Jewry under Nazi occupation, assembled before news of systematic mass killing had reached the West.
Snyder, Timothy. Bloodlands: Europe between Hitler and Stalin. New York: Basic Books, 2010.
Broad synthesis of research literature in German, Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, and Belorussian. Places encounters between the Third Reich and Jews on Polish territories in the context of murderous policies pursued by the German and Soviet regimes in the border regions between the two countries between the early 1930s and the end of World War II.
Snyder, Timothy. Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning. New York: Tim Duggan, 2015.
Argues that Nazi conquest turned areas beyond Germany's borders, including Poland, into areas of anarchy and that the destruction of effective mechanisms of government made mass killing of Jews possible.
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NO TALKING BY ANDREW CLEMENTS EBOOK DOWNLOAD Top Pdf.
No Talking by Andrew Clements, 9781416909842, download free ebooks, Download free PDF EPUB ebook.
No Talking is an Andrew Clements novel about a boy and a girl in 5th grade named Dave and Lynsey. They agree to have a boys-against-girls challenge to keep silent for two days. They agree to have a boys-against-girls challenge to keep silent for two days.
Which would be harder for you: not talking at home or not talking at school? What are some of the tricky ways kids manage to communicate without breaking the "no talking" rule. Can you think of some other ways that would work?
Clements – as always – breaks the Children's fiction mold today that puts adults in the backseat and lets kids rule the world. In this book, the kids remain the center of the text while adults are portrayed as real people – smart, flawed, and good. Refreshing!


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Home » Development/Redevelopment
Development/Redevelopment
A Hamilton County community champion: Legendary Lawyer Douglas Church
In a career that has spanned 50 years, Douglas Church not only developed his own private practice but also played an integral role in the blossoming of Hamilton County. He served as attorney for the town of Fishers from 1980 through 2015 and for the city of Noblesville from 1988 through 1996, helping those communities formulate and implement strategies for growth.
Scott County party barn lawsuit untimely, COA affirms
December 29, 2020 | Katie Stancombe
A panel of the Indiana Court of Appeals has affirmed for the Scott County Board of Commissioners and other defendants in a dispute brought by a farm owner who dislikes the idea of having a barn event venue constructed next to her home.
Charlestown, residents reach agreement in Pleasant Ridge code enforcement lawsuit
December 23, 2020 | Olivia Covington
The nearly four-year legal battle over allegations that the southern Indiana city of Charlestown used unconstitutional code enforcement tactics to force a group of neighborhood residents out of their homes has been resolved with a settlement agreement requiring the city to act "reasonably" in its enforcement of local codes.
Community Justice Campus nears completion
December 23, 2020 | Marilyn Odendahl
Marion County's ambitious plan to put the various pieces of the local justice system onto a single campus is on schedule to be completed at the end of 2021. The Indianapolis-Marion County Community Justice Center, located just southeast of downtown in the Twin Aire neighborhood, will be home to the county jail, the sheriff's office and the county courthouse. Earlier this year, the Assessment and Intervention Center opened and is treating individuals with mental health and addiction issues.
Elanco to build $100 million HQ campus at former GM site downtown
December 4, 2020 | John Russell, Indianapolis Business Journal and Lesley Weidenbener, Indianapolis Business Journal
Elanco Animal Health Inc. announced Friday morning it will build a $100 million headquarters campus at the former General Motors stamping plant west of downtown, a move the state has incentivized with more than $86 million in tax breaks plus land for the project. The announcement came after the former owner of the site dismissed a lawsuit against the city and announced the property had been sold.
Federal judge strikes Terre Haute zoning ordinance that blocked strip club
November 25, 2020 | Olivia Covington
A federal judge has seemingly made a way for a new strip club to open in Terre Haute by granting a preliminary injunction against a zoning scheme that has kept the club from opening.
Noblesville residents protest against proposed gravel pit
October 23, 2020 | Associated Press
Demonstrators against a proposed 40-acre gravel pit in central Indiana gathered outside City Hall to protest the project, claiming it would increase truck traffic, noise and pollution.
Indiana scraps plans to buy land for Ohio River port site
September 18, 2020 | Associated Press
Indiana has scrapped plans to buy land at an Ohio River site under consideration for the state's newest shipping port, Gov. Eric Holcomb announced Thursday.
Gardner: Unsettled waters: Revisions to the waters of the U.S. rule
September 2, 2020 | Will Gardner
On June 22, the Trump administration's new Navigable Waters Protection Rule went into effect and was immediately subject to multiple legal challenges throughout the country. The Navigable Waters Protection Rule is likely to have far-reaching impacts on the development and use of land across the United States.
IndyBar: Issues in Presenting a Land Use Case via Virtual Hearing
July 22, 2020 | From IndyBar
If you are preparing for a WebEx presentation in Indianapolis for a rezoning or variance case, especially one which is contested by Department of Metropolitan Development staff, by significant remonstrance, or both, consider these tips and clarifications.
'Antilawyering' means court defeat for would-be Indy developer, 7th Circuit affirms
July 16, 2020 | Olivia Covington
Failure to follow local court rules led to defeat for a would-be developer suing the city of Indianapolis, an outcome upheld Wednesday by the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals.
Appeals court again denies injunction in Lake Monroe logging case
May 29, 2020 | Katie Stancombe
The Indiana Court of Appeals has again rejected a Monroe County resident's requested preliminary injunction that would prevent logging from taking place on land near his home.
COA partially reverses for financial adviser in Marion development dispute
April 28, 2020 | Katie Stancombe
The Indiana Court of Appeals has partially reversed in favor of a financial adviser in a dispute with the city of Marion after years were wasted on a construction project that was projected to cost millions of dollars.
Reversal: Landowners, not county, responsible for fixing failing dams near Peru
April 14, 2020 | Dave Stafford
Reversing a trial court that determined Miami County was responsible for fixing six crumbling dams in a lake community housing addition, the Indiana Court of Appeals found the county was responsible only for the roads that crossed the tops of the embankments.
Lawmakers considering central Indiana regionalism legislation
February 20, 2020 | Indianapolis Business Journal Staff and Lindsey Erdody
Indiana lawmakers are considering legislation that would allow the communities in central Indiana to create a regional development authority, but the framework isn't exactly what advocates initially proposed.
Bank alleges developer owes nearly $16M for project near airport
February 13, 2020 | Indianapolis Business Journal Staff and Mickey Shuey
Old National Bank has sued local developer Paul Kite, alleging he and his company, PK IND Partners LLC, owe millions of dollars for a loan tied to the 2008 redevelopment of property at Indianapolis International Airport.
COA reverses for Duke Energy, orders easement improvements removed
February 5, 2020 | Katie Stancombe
A massive utility company has secured a reversal and judgment from the Indiana Court of Appeals following an easement-related dispute with a neighborhood developer. The result means a southern Indiana developer must remove the entrance to residential development under construction.
Trial court ruling against city to enforce mediation deal reversed
December 18, 2019 | Dave Stafford
A northern Indiana trial court erred in ordering the city of Plymouth to enforce a mediation settlement agreement to pay a contractor $130,000 because terms of the agreement had not been fulfilled, an appellate panel ruled Wednesday.
Ambrose suit alleges city tried to take stamping plant land for Infosys campus
November 19, 2019 | Indianapolis Business Journal Staff and Mickey Shuey
Local developer Ambrose Property Group has leveled new allegations against the city of Indianapolis in a lawsuit it filed Tuesday in the ongoing fight over the company's decision not to develop the former GM stamping plant site on the western edge of downtown.
Litz & Eaton co-founder facing three lawsuits, including one from his former partner
Three new lawsuits have been filed against one of the co-founders of floundering Indianapolis residential development firm Litz & Eaton — including one suit that could tee up a legal fight with his former business partner.
Developer files notice to sue Indianapolis, claiming $30M in damages
October 23, 2019 | Indianapolis Business Journal Staff and Mickey Shuey
Ambrose Property Group on Tuesday filed a notice of tort claim with the city of Indianapolis, a legal step that sets the stage for it to sue the city over its effort to force the developer to sell it the former General Motors stamping plant site west of downtown.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Hope College will host three jazz concerts as part of its Jazz Organ Summit on Friday, Sept. 9, and Saturday, Sept. 10.
The summit's headline trio is the Tony Monaco Trio performing at 7:30 p.m. on Saturday, Sept. 10, in the Concert Hall of the Jack H. Miller Center for Musical Arts. In addition to Monaco, the trio features Chuck Loeb, guitar, and Harvey Mason, drums.
Loeb is a Grammy-nominated guitarist, composer, and producer, with a musical career spanning four decades. He has composed more than 250 published songs, television themes and scores and produced more than 30 recordings. In addition to his 18 solo CDs, he is also a member of Fourplay and Metro.
Mason is a multi-Grammy nominated artist and has been named the number-one drummer in the world four times in the Modern Drummer magazines' annual studio poll. In addition to his solo work and work in Fourplay, Mason has worked with a range of musicians including Herbie Hancock, Frank Sinatra, John Legend, James Brown, Jennifer Hudson and Barbra Streisand.
Tickets for the performance are $10 for regular admission, $7 for senior citizens, and $5 for children.
On Friday, Sept. 9, organissimio will perform at 9 p.m. Big E's Sports Grill at the Marriott Hotel in downtown Holland. The concert is free and open to the public and is sponsored by the Hope College Jazz Organ Summit.
The final concert will feature the Hope College jazz faculty performing with some of the artists from the Tony Monaco Trio on Saturday, Sept. 10, at Window on the Waterfront at 9 p.m. The concert is free and open to the public, and is presented in partnership with the iRock Jazz Festival occurring throughout the day on Sept. 10.
Registration for the entire Hope College Jazz Organ Summit, which includes clinics with members of the Tony Monaco Trio and other activities, is also available. Registration for the Jazz Organ Summit is $95 for an all-inclusive pass to clinics and performances and an invitation to the opening night artist reception; $75 for an all-inclusive pass to clinics and performances; and $25 to an all-inclusive student pass to clinics and performances.
Tickets for the Tony Monaco Trio concert or the Jazz Organ Summit are available online at hope.edu/tickets as well as at the ticket office in the Events and Conferences Office located downtown in the Anderson-Werkman Financial Center (100 E. Eighth St.). The ticket office is open weekdays from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and can be called at (616) 395-7890.
The Jack H. Miller Center for Musical Arts is located at 221 Columbia Ave., between Ninth and 10th streets. Big E. Sports Grill 121 East 8th Street. The Window on the Waterfront is located at 95 College Ave. two blocks north of the downtown Holland.


Anisha and Milan's wedding at the Fontainebleau Miami Beach. However you picture your Miami Beach wedding, Something Bleau can help you make it happen. SJS Events teams up with Channa Photography, Xquisite Events at the unforgettable indoor and outdoor settings, from our ballrooms, decks, to the graceful lawns of Fontainebleau in Miami Beach to create a beautiful Indian Wedding.
Anisha + Milan – Miami Beach, Florida from Channa Photography on Vimeo.


As far as education is concerned, UK is considered the most prestigious and fruitful option. The theory fits well for having ACCA from United Kingdom. Given the increasing popularity of ACCA, universities and colleges at England have opened their gates for the International Students. Not surprisingly, students from Pakistan are high in number.
As I told in my previous articles that by default Microsoft Excel 2010 has three worksheets, some time we need more sheet, and some time these sheet are more than our need so we should know how to insert new sheet and how to delete the sheet as well.


Cotton quilts have their distinct benefits, and these keep a person warm when it is wrapped around the body. Moreover, a peaceful night sleep in winters is guaranteed only when appropriate lightweight quilts are used.
Below are listed some of the distinct advantages of using cotton quilts. Read through to know more and keep yourself safe these winters with lightweight quilts.
Lightweight quilts as the name indicate weightless in comparison to a traditional sleeping bag and are also known to trap in the heat which ensures that you remain warm throughout the night. These cotton quilts being lightweight do not interfere with the sleep pattern and ensure that you wake up fresh the next morning.
Almost all cotton quilts are less expensive than the woolen blankets and sleeping bags. Since these have less fiber and no zipper, these cost less and the money hence saved can be utilized for purchasing more cotton quilts, if required.
People who have been using cotton quilts have found that these offer more movement as compared to sleeping bags or heavy blankets. It is easy to turn over to a side when lightweight quilts are used. Sleeping with cotton quilts will be a better experience than using a blanket or sleeping bag.
People who are used to the sleeping bags often complain that they cannot wear certain kind of clothes comfortably and rest at the same time using a sleeping bag. Since the sleeping bag needs to be zipped over to the top; tight clothes make a person uncomfortable in the sleeping bag. This is not the case with cotton quilts, and the users can comfortably wear any kind of clothing while they decide to use the lightweight quilts.
Cotton quilts are known to offer better efficiency to the users in comparison to sleeping bags or traditional blankets. These are known to offer a high warmth to weight ratio since no insulation is wasted under the weight of a person in a quilt. The user is also free from any hood and zipper weight, and therefore cotton quilts are known to be more efficient.
Quilts also offer the users more versatility in comparison to a sleeping bag or blanket. The quality of cotton offers more variation in a quilt, and this has a direct relation to the warmth the quilt offers to a person.
While a sleeping bag can only be used as a protective covering layer to protect from cold, a cotton quilt being lightweight can also be spread over the bed and can be used in place of other bedding items, if needed.


This video proves the single biggest advantage cars have over boats is seat belts.
A group of seven friends took part in a powerboat race on Lake of the Ozarks in Missouri which ended all too quickly for them, as the boat flew through the air and crashed violently, turning them into a bruised-up mash.
The skipper, a shaven-headed picture of masculinity resembling a Bondian villain, looked firmly in control – for about 10 seconds and probably didn't expect to lose face in front of his friends. But that's exactly what happened when the boat slammed against the water and the powerful jerk sent his flat body to the floor for an immediate faceplant operation.
Please, try not to laugh too hard.
Supra Proves Why It Is The Highway King! Thumbs Up!


Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu's right-wing Likud-Yisrael Beteinu has shed support, according to exit polls after the January 22 2013 election, but has emerged with a narrow majority and seems set to continue in government.
The election saw voter turnout that was the highest since 1999, Israeli and international media said.
Israel's centre-left Yesh Atid (There is a Future) party is seen by exit polls as having gathered the second-largest number of votes.
Netanyahu's Likud-Yisrael Beteinu was set for 31 seats in the 120 Knesset, Israel's parliament, going by exit polls. This is a significant reverse from the 42 seats currently held by Likud.
Yesh Atid was set for about 18 seats, going by the same polls- and significantly outperforming pre-election opinion surveys, with centre-left Labour at about 17 seats.
About 5.65 million Israeli citizens were eligible to vote.


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Claire Flood
Community Employment Supervisor
Claire Flood is Signal's epicentre. She is the supervisor of the CE (community employment) project, administrator of everything else & knowledge base of all that happens. If there is anything you need to know she's the person to ask. Claire has been with Signal since 2002.
Conor Rafferty
Exhibitions Co-Ordinator
Membership Development Officer
Often mistaken for a young Pierce Brosnan, Conor chose a different path to the Navan native by attaining a Degree in Art History in UCD and completing his M.A. in Arts Management & Cultural Policy in Queens University, Belfast.
Conor's hobbies include long distance marathons, rock climbing and abseiling. Recently he narrowly missed setting a new Irish record in the NYC marathon by 3/100ths of a second. Equipped with extreme levels of enthusiasm and energy, Conor is determined to bring these qualities to his work in Signal Arts.
Jonathan Higgins
Web Dev + Social Media
Jonathan comes from a photography background (Graduated with a BA in Photography 2013 From DIT) and has in recent years moved into web development (Graduated H.Dip in Web Technologies from NCI in 2017). He is currently knee deep in a redesign of the website or making Instagram or Facebook posts, or maintaining the current website. Interested in all sports, but especially soccer and hurling. Gaillimh Abú.
Deirdre Ridgway
Graphic Design & Newsletter
I am delighted to have become part of the team at Signals Arts Centre. I have loved photography since I was a child. I have fond memories of playing with the old 'Box Brownies' in my grandmother's house. Photography has been a great part of my whole life. Social documentary and everyday life images are what I love capturing mostly. I trained in analogue, but I truly embrace digital and the artistic freedom that comes with it. I am presently collaborating with PoetCarmen Cullen creating a visual backdrop to her poetry on YouTube. I am also becoming more involved in jewellery making and design. You can find me at…Instagram @deirdremaherridgway – @dmr_jewellery_design
Keith Clucas
Staff artist
Keith has always been interested in Art and Design and he studied design at the B.A.E.C. It was there that he discovered ceramics. Wood had always been Keith's favourite material to work with but when he discovered clay it soon took over his love of wood. "Clay became my chosen material because of its versatility. It enables me to explore form and proportion quickly and easily." It was with great encouragement from his teachers at the B.A.E.C. that he applied and successfully got a place on the prestigious D.C.C.O.I. ceramics skill and design course in Thomastown.
Alva Smith
Alva Smith is a new member of our administration staff. Living in Shankill Co.Dublin, Alva has vast experience in the Secretarial and Bookeeping world. In her spare time she likes to take her energetic Cockapoo 'Lola' for walks. At present she is attending Signal's Weaving and Tapestry class being held by our own Anna O'Rourke. Her other hobbies include Yoga, reading, and going on holidays, and keeping up with the soaps.
Geraldine Smith
After a long career in the printing sector, Geraldine worked as an administrator for the Carers Association. She spent two years on an extensive computing course in B.A.E.C. Geraldine has also studied Payroll and Bookkeeping in DDLETB.
Her interests include travelling, ceramics, reading and crosswords.
Drew Freeland
Drew Freeland is an Irish artist based in Dublin and Wicklow and works with the visual image. He has recently graduated from Dun Laoghaire IADT with a bachelor honours in Photography.
His work involves portraits and landscapes and street photography exploring the urban space. While working mainly with the still image he creates books and works with the moving image. He has exhibited his work at group shows around Dublin and looks forward being apart of the Signal Arts team.
David Crowe
Staff Artist & web
David has come from a background in Digital Design and has obtained a degree in the field. He studied in Stillorgan College for two years and one year online. He has also studied multimedia ranging from photography to video work and a few things in between. David is looking to further his knowledge of Web Design and Design in general. He is interested in art, music and creativity.
Lorna Lennon
Lorna Lennon is an artist and writer living in Bray. She is especially interested in Visual arts and teaches Drawing and Watercolour Painting. She has a Higher National Diploma in Fine Arts as well as qualifications in Marketing and Public Relations. Her interests include playing the bodhran, tin whistle, and crafts.
Dan Laffan
Dan is a Multimedia visual artist, musician and sculptor. In the field of music he is an accomplished guitarist/composer and has performed at theatres, festivals and corporate events throughout Ireland for well over a decade. In the area of the visual arts Dan has a diverse set of interests and skills including graphic design, pencil work, print making, painting and geometry. Dan also spent a number of years working as a marble fireplace maker where he discovered and nurtured his passion for sculpture, this has been his main area of focus in recent years.
Donal Smyth
Donal comes from a business background importing children's playground equipment.
He is interested in music and writing, and Donal will be studying computing and IT.
Ruth Murphy
Textile artist, Felt Maker and Quilter. Ruth had previously worked in Signal
between 2018 and 2019 before taking up a teaching position in Kuwait. Now
she's back with a bang and is looking forward to initially working with Dom
creating video profiles of various local artists and of course incorporating her
"tactile textile talents" into the warp & weft of everyday life in Signal.
Santa Silina
Santa has a degree in graphic design and has studied classical art education.
She has a great passion for drawing and sketching is interested in cultural
history and all art related topics. Originally from Latvia but is in love with Ireland,
where she lives from 2007. She enjoys hiking and live outdoor sketching. Loves
to give her knowledge to others.
Don Rorke
Don Rorkehas being involved in filmmaking since 2010, as a Producer, Director and Editor.
He has worked on a huge body of work that encompasses a wide range of genres and styles, including Documentary, Short Films, Feature Films, Promotional. Cooperate Videos and Music Videos, where a number of the films have won awards. In 2015 he completed a Higher National Diploma in Moving Image with a distinction. Currently, he is still working on project both large and small, and working on a number of ideas for his next feature
documentary.
Margaret Walsh
Margaret Walsh comes from a music industry background. Her ambition is to
raise the profile of Signal Arts Centre to an even higher level. Margaret's
interests include Interior Design, Art History and 20th century Literature.
Audrey Kane
Audrey is delighted to back on the Signal team again and is really looking forward to all the future events and classes that will be happening here again as the country opens up. Audrey has just completed a QQI Level 9 Postgrad Diploma (PGDip) in Business in Cultural Management. She is eager to begin immersing herself in promoting Community Arts and Culture in the Signal environment. Audrey also has a strong interest in comedy and theatre.
Dylan Clucas
Dylan is a graphic designer. He studied art before transitioning to graphic design. He has been active in video editing and professional gaming for many years. He has a keen interest in graffiti and paints occasionally when he can find the time.


We wanted to do a quick interlude to our lineup of riveting, arm-gripping content to share with you a little bit of the holiday flair in The Oregon Wine Blog's home office.
You can see more of our Festivus / Christmas / Chanukah / Non-Denominational Winter Holiday decorations on our flickr stream.
The next non-traditional wine in our ongoing series of non-traditional wines of the Northwest is a Sangiovese. As with all wines from this series, all wines were sent to us complimentary from wineries that wish to showcase their work.
Like the rest of our non-traditional varietal reviews, we have consulted the experts at Wikipedia for the following fun facts.
Sangiovese is an Italian variety that is best known as the main component of Chianti. "Young Sangiovese has fresh fruity flavors of strawberry and a little spiciness, but it readily takes on oaky flavors when aged in barrels."
"In Washington State, winemakers are seeking out locations that can highlight the varietal character of Sangiovese. These young plantings in areas such as Walla Walla and Yakima Valley have so far produced wines with a spicy and tart cherry flavors, anise, red currants, and tobacco leaf notes. Other areas in the United States with sizable plantings of Sangiovese include the Rogue Valley in Oregon, the Monticello in Virginia and Texas Hill Country in Texas. In Canada, there are some plantings of Sangiovese on the Niagara Peninsula."
We don't mean to sound like a broken record, but once again our good friends from Pend d'Orielle Winery in Sandpoint, Idaho came through by suppling us with our only review bottle of Sangiovese. Their 2005 Sangiovese Terrior Series is supplied by 100% Kestrel Vineyard grapes in the Yakima Valley. At 186 cases produced, this reserve series wine is one that won't be around for very long.
Upon pouring this wine, the first hues one notices is a big presence of cranberry, a little bit of boisenberry, and a hint of earthiness. After reading the publicized tasting notes, it appears what we picked up as cranberry was supposed to be pomegranate. Either way, one can expect tart red fruit coming through.
After tasting, our senses of smell came through in a very accurate way. Big tannins hit the palate with a very welcoming levels of tart and fruit on the finish. This wine would be perfect for food pairing with a red meat pasta or a big juicy steak, but also also holds its own if not paired. More simplistically, consider this mellower than most cabs from the region if that helps.
All things considered, this is yet another phenomenal wine from Pend d'Orielle. As a bit of editorial commentary, I'd also like to point out that Pend d'Orielle has been an incredibly delightful surprise. I don't think any of us at The Oregon Wine Blog expected to be blown away by Idaho wine, but winemaker Steve Meyer has proven us pleasantly wrong. That's not meant to say that Idaho isn't capable of producing great wine either, however, more to point out how relatively young the state is when it comes to world-class wine making. Looks like we'll have to find an opportunity to make it out to Sandpoint.
Kurt Johnson invited me to Ward Johnson Winery for their release party on November 21st, where they released their 2007 Syrah, Merlot, Cabernet and 2008 Counterbalance Chardonnay. The winery, run by brothers Kurt and Charlie Johnson is in an atypical location, between Magnolia and Queen Anne nearly under the Magnolia Bridge. They've been there about a year and a half now, and the location works quite well to back up their description of themselves as an urban family winery. The site is very welcoming and everyone goes out of their way to make you feel that you're part of the family.
Kurt invited me to belly up to the bar and as he poured he introduced me to members of the wine club who came and went throughout the evening. Kurt and Charlie knew everyone by name and they talked about little league coaches and where people were going for the holidays. Sitting there, the tasting room had such a homey, small-town feel that it was easy to forget that I was in Seattle and not Yakima or Sunnyside. The wine club members and regulars I spoke to talked about the personal relationship they felt to the winery and the Johnson brothers, the lack of pretension, and the fact that – when it came right down to it – we were drinking very good wine.
The Counterbalance Chardonnay ($20) that Kurt started me with is from the Sun River Vineyard (Columbia Valley). The Chardonnay is named after the old Queen Anne counterbalance, which was decommissioned in 1940. This wine is fermented in stainless steel and spends 8 months in neutral oak. It's a very crisp chardonnay, with a light color, and a fruity nose with bright minerality on the palate and a clean, crisp mouthfeel. Many of the guests I spoke with talked about how much they liked it; even those who didn't consider themselves "Chardonnay people."
The next wine was the 2007 Merlot ($30), from the North Block of the Hedges vineyard. My first impression was surprise: was a bit lighter and brighter in the glass than I expected. On the nose, there were cherries and a bit of tobacco, which was intoxicating. It tasted of dark and red berries with very well balanced tannins.
The 2007 Cabernet Sauvignon ($30) was a departure from their '06 (I was told) which was 100% Cab Sauv. The '07 incarnation was sourced from the Red Mountain AVA and blended with 10% Cabernet Franc for a very promising wine. As Charlie poured my Cabernet he told me that it had just recently gone into the bottle. The Cabernet was a dark ruby color with an excellent tannic structure, a peppery nose, and dark herbal and spicy notes on the palate.
The last wine I drank was the Ward Johnson Syrah ($30). Sourced from the Ranch at the End of the Road Vineyard, this wine is a visual masterpiece in the glass with a beautiful dark ruby color that promises good things to come. The nose on this wine is incredible, and the taste was classically well made Washington Syrah; peppery, intensely smooth, and well-balanced. Charlie poured the '06 for me so I could compare and I was surprised to find that I preferred the balance found in the '07.
I had a great time talking with Kurt and Charlie and meeting Dierdre, their sister. They're a friendly bunch with a great space and well made wines, and I will definitely be going back. If you're in Seattle I recommend you swing by Ward Johnson for some quality wine and first rate conversation.
Over the summer the Corvallis office of The Oregon Wine Blog combined cycling and wine to bring you the Tour De Vino. Now it's Autumn in the Pacific Northwest and for me, that means its cyclocross season. I asked myself if was possible to combine two of my favorite things: cyclocross and wine tasting. I even (briefly) considered installing 40cm barriers between the wine and the party guests, though I decided not to as it would leave serious marks in the hardwood. Similarly, I dismissed the idea of bringing mud or a sand feature into the house due to prohibitively unpleasant cleanup.
Instead I decided to fashion the tasting after Cross Clash. Cross Clash is the annual battle between the two Northwest cyclocross powerhouses: Seattle meets Portland, Sasquatch versus the Unicorn, Washington against Oregon. I have no idea why a unicorn Portland is represented by a unicorn. If you have insight, please share in the comments.
To have a little more fun and to ensure fair play, we decided to do the tasting blind. In Cross Clash scoring is based on the order the racers finish, with their state receiving their points. The higher the finish, the higher the points. The points are added together to determine the winning state. Prior to our 'race' it was clear there was some serious provincialism going on. Calls of "Hey, how's it feel to pay sales tax, loser?" and "You guys don't know how to pump your own gas?" were commonplace. This vitriol left me with doubts about objective judging the wines and reinforced the decision to do the tasting blind.
Gwynne set up a score sheet for each participant; they subjectively scored the wines based strictly on what they liked. They were asked to consider the palate, color and nose of the wine and give them a number score. The scores were totaled and a winner was declared. It came out Washington, in an echo of the Cross Clash outcome. But wait, there was a catch.
Anyone who has raced will tell you there is always a sandbagger. A "sandbagger" is a racer who has shown up looking for an easy victory. Like a pool hustler, the sandbagger is racing against guys that's he's guaranteed to beat, because the sandbagger hasn't upgrade his race category. He's often a Cat 3 racer riding against the 4s. We definitely had a Cat 2 racer mixing it up with the 3s and it came out in the results.
The consensus winner was the Buty Columbia Rediviva 2006 ($48), a delicious blend of cabernet and syrah. This wine was smoother than all the others, and had a structure and finish that belied the sandbagger it was. It was clearly in a class of its own. Let me say that if you haven't had any of the Buty wines, what are you waiting for? This is their top dog, and it shows. Three years in the cellar before release has turned out an incredible wine.
While there was a clear winner, no one was lapped. The other wines were able to hang with our "cheater." While there was some debate, the next two favorites were Bookwalter's Subplot 23 and Seven Hill's Merlot. Gwynne and I picked up the J. Bookwalter Subplot #23 ($20) at the Woodinville tasting room, and it's an amazing wine. The lighter spice on the palate and the cherry and wood nose are very enjoyable, and Gwynne was captivated by the taste of butterscotch in a red wine. Close on its heels was the Seven Hills Merlot, Columbia Valley ($20). With tones of oak and rounded spices, this wine had one of the favorite noses of the evening.
From Oregon, we had two Pinots that fared well. next: ($18) a wine made by King Estates, was very smooth, though it didn't initially show complexity. The wine had a great balance, and was unanimously described as "a wine I could drink all day," which was the goal when King Estates made it. We were all a bit perplexed by the label, and I found the silly quote on the back a bit over the top.
The Sharecropper's Pinot Noir, from Owen Roe ($24) was more nuanced than next: and showed some of the craftsmanship of those master Oregonians. Another everyday drinking pinot that had hints of red and black fruits.
The wildcard of the evening was the 2003 Marachel Foche from August Cellars. This wine is a wild one, and has been a favorite of ours, and a reason to visit the folks at August Cellars almost annually. The Foche had the most pronounced nose of the evening, which everyone found intriguing, but many folks weren't up for the palate of forest floor, mushrooms, and wild, wild fruit.
So this year's Cross Clash winner was also this year's Cork Clash winner. But there was foul play afoot. We're doing it again next Autumn, giving Oregon a shot at revenge. Send your recommendations or have your own Cork Clash. While you're at it, be sure to check out a cyclocross race near you, the US Gran Prix of Cyclocross will be in Portland on December 5th and 6th.
Are you looking for something to do this weekend...or between 10:00 AM - 7:00 PM, seven days per week, at any point in the future? We're pleased to share with you the latest development of one of our very favorite wineries, Willamette Valley Vineyards: The Willamette Valley Wine Center in McMinnville, Oregon. Before we get into the port and truffles of the post, I'l get the logistics out of the way now. The grand opening is taking place this weekend, November 21 - 22, at the center which is located at 300 NE Third Street in McMinnville.
The center, developed by the dynamic center director Meg Murray under the leadership of winery founder Jim Bernau, intends to serve as an informational hub for the Willamette Valley wine community. "We look forward to spreading the gospel of Oregon Pinot Noir through collaboration with our fellow winemakers," said Bernau. "Our industry has a long history of collaborative and innovative efforts as well as a strong commitment to sustainable practices that have been put in place to assure a tasty tomorrow." Featuring concierge staff members focusing on the industry in general, the center's strong focus on sustainability and education seeks to increase tourism to McMinnville and the region.
The trade opening featured 10 Willamette Valley Vineyards wine offerings, paired with noshery from local restaurants including The Joel Palmer House, The Dundee Bistro, and Farm to Fork. Our favorite wine from the evening was the 2007 Signature Cuvee, and food wise we dug the Rib Slayer Oregon Lamb Meatballs. The place was packed, according to Meg they were expecting 450 industry folks that evening. As a result, we decided to make the utilitarian decision to do the tasting in reverse order - starting with the Quinta Reserve Pinot Noir Port Style wine. This decision was quickly affirmed by Jim Bernau, who commented that the port "certainly has a lot of alcohol" while being delicious.
On a normal day, the wine center will offer three tastings: a complimentary WVV tasting, a reserve WVV tasting, and a comparative tasting featuring other vineyards and wineries from the region. We're struck by the confidence WVV has in offering other producers wares in their center.
So...where does that leave us? We had a wonderful experience Thursday night and trust you will too. I know it's Saturday (or some point in the future), but get off your duff and head to McMinnville. Meg and her staff will take good care of you and you won't be disappointed!
A History of Wine As Therapy is a book written by Dr. Salvatore P. Lucia that, as the title says, is a historical account of wine used as medicine. Why did I pick this book up and write a review about it? In short, I was interested to see if ancient civilizations saw wine as a panacea as I do. What can't wine cure? Well, aside from hangovers...and maybe head lice. Anyway, it cures a lot! This book also happened to be only $5 from my local used book store. The price probably had something to do with the fact that it was written in 1963. Anyway, onto the review!
I should have pointed out that one caveat listed early in the book is that medical doctors as we know then didn't really exist. Instead, folks claiming mystical powers would concoct stuff like donkey placenta and wine to cure alcoholism in an order to make a quick buck. It's also important to point out that many of these mystical-sounding ingredients were picked solely out of their scarcity.
I don't know if I'd feel comfortable seeing Dr. Asclepiades, but I like his style.
In short, giving wine to a child will turn them into a pee machine.
I should point out again that this book goes over many ancient civilizations and references wine in countless ancient texts. While I've mostly gone over some of the more ridiculous examples, there are surprisingly a lot of very accurate observations of what wine can be used for (wound dressing, pain killer) and cannot (cure alcoholism). It's definitely the most unique account on wine I have ever read and would highly recommend picking up a copy if you're a nerd like me. It's pretty dry, but Dr. Rick would suggest three glasses of wine to cure dryness and boredom.
The second annual Wine Rocks Seattle took place on November 12th; it was an event that brought together a lot of what Seattle and Washington do well. Music, wine and food made the night a perfect party. The event was sold out, so the folks at The Oregon Wine Blog certainly appreciated the media credentials to get in and see what the fuss was all about.
There were 20 wineries pouring, most of them pouring two or three different wines (there was one brandy from El Chalán, which was very tasty). The Palace Ballroom was packed to the gills and the joint was jumping, which was particularly gratifying given that the event benefited PEPS, the Program for Early Parent Support.
Gwynne, my lovely photographer, assistant, and wife, and I decided to attack the room in a counter clockwise maneuver. This strategy didn't necessarily last very long, and we found ourselves wandering from table to table. It was obvious that everyone was in a great mood: the winemakers or their representatives were all very friendly, and more than eager to talk wine and music. By the time we had arrived the first act was already on stage and it was none other than Boudreaux Cellars' Rob Newsome. Rob (originally from Louisiana) was rocking out some blue grass sounds.
Both of the wines that Darren was pouring, San Remo and The Duke, were quite good. San Remo (2007) was a 100% Sangiovese from Ciel du Cheval that was excellent and zesty, and would be a fantastic addition to any dinner party. As good as that was, Gwynne and I both really liked The Duke (2007)($28) even more. A 60% Zinfandel blend with Lemberger and Petit Sirah (13% each), Cab Franc (10%), and a tiny bit of Syrah. This was a fascinating wine. It had dark herbal and fruit notes, and a peppery finish. Des Voigne makes very small lots; there were only 239 cases of The Duke made. Darren was eager to talk about his wines, and told us to come on by the tasting room out in Woodinville. As a fun bonus, they have great labels made to look like old school jazz concert posters.
Boudreaux Cellars are known for Cabernet ($52). The 2005 Cab was pure velvet in the glass. The wine was incredibly smooth and balanced with subtle notes of chocolate and cherries. This is a big wine that drinks well now and will only get better with age. Boudreaux's wines are made in small lots in Rob Newsome's Leavenworth winery. I think I probably threw Rob for a loop when I asked him not about his wine, but Steven Seagal. I learned from the Boudreaux website that Seagal had filmed On Deadly Ground at Newsome's Icicle Creek Canyon home. Rob makes very fine wines that warrant their price tag.
Probably Gwynne's favorite wine of the evening, and one of mine as well, was the Shackled Red Wine ($35), a Rhone style blend of Syrah and Mourvedre. The wine was complex with an earthy and smoky nose. The licorice stood out on the palate, accompanied by a hint of berries. Cuillin Hills is another Woodinville winery, known for their Dungeon Syrah ($29) which sells out all the time (if you lay your hands on some, send me an email).
We tasted a lot of Cabernet that evening (Thank you, Washington!) and two really stood out, Boudreaux and Donedei. Donedei is one of just a few wineries located down near Olympia. The winemaker, Carolyn Lakewold, was not in attendance but was very well represented by Monika from Kelnan Wine Management. Donedei doesn't fine or filter this Cabernet. This is a smooth wine, with very well balanced tannins and great black cherry and berry accents; definitely deserving of the accolades it consistently gets. This wine will definitely find its way into our rotation. Monika also mentioned a new wine project in Washington, Grand Rêve, that brings together the best grapes and the best winemakers in Washington. I will definitely be bringing you more information on Grand Rêve in the near future.
The food line was prohibitive for the first hour or so, but once the line cleared out, Gwynne and I moved in. Tom Douglas catering hit a home run with the Barnyard Meatballs, easily the best meatball I've ever had, some freshly griddled pita with three different tapenades, and two dessert options, including a triple coconut cream tartlet that was out of this world.
This was a great event, so make sure you put the 3rd annual Wine Rocks Seattle on your calendar for next fall.
Regular readers of The Oregon Wine Blog may have noticed that it's been quite some time since I last posted. I assure you that I neither lost my passion for wine nor forgot my OWB login and password. Instead, I have actually spent the last couple weeks on a work-related trip to Indonesia. While I would love to be able to say I spent the majority of my time on the beach, I must admit there was actually very little time for recreation.
One thing I did do, however, was pick up a bottle of Indonesian wine. Wine? From Indonesia? Yes! I have to admit that the main reason I picked it up was because I told Josh (completely jokingly) that I'd pick up a bottle of wine while away. It turns out I had to cash in on my request as I found this bottle in the airport in Bali.
Hatten Winery & Vineyard has been producing wine in Northeastern Bali for the last 14 years. Unlike wines of the Pacific Northwest, the vines in Bali create grapes year-round in 120 day cycles. You won't find any big reds from Bali, but definitely some whites and other sweeter varieties.
I picked up their AVA Red, which is described as "a young light red wine made from the local Alphonse-Lavallée grapes. This medium bodied wine is often associated with the genre Beaujolais-Nouveau." Also recommended is to serve it chilled. I'm going to be completely honest in that any requests of red wines to be serve chilled automatically makes me think of Night Train. While I'm a bit scared, it's time to dive in.
Appearance: Immediately noticeable is that this wine pours pink. Granted it's a dark pink, but pink none the less. Think a dark Rosé. Very low viscosity with virtually no lace.
Smell: Light cherry notes with heavy sugar backing. This has also been described as "cheap" and "medicinal".
Taste: Boxed. It tastes like boxed wine. There's no other way to describe it. Find a box of wine with red on it and there you go. In more helpful terms, it's pretty close to a white zin or a blush.
In the end, I'm actually quite glad I found a bottle of Indonesian wine. It may have been completely underwhelming and against our general policy of not reviewing bad wine, but I think the educational message here is that you can actually grow and produce wine on an equatorial island. In retrospect, it would have made much more sense to stick with a white or a sparkling wine. Would I try another Balinese wine in the future? Sure! Would I choose AGA Red over any NW wine? Not by a long shot.
When I say the Palm Springs of Washington, many of you know of course that I'm talking about an oasis in the desert of the Columbia Valley -- Yakima! The first AVA created in the State of Washington in 1983, the Yakima Valley AVA produces not only 40% of Washington's wine grapes but also 80% of the nation's production of hops and a cornucopia of other fruits and produce.
About a month ago, I had the opportunity to revisit Yakima after nearly a 10-year hiatus. You see, I spent my formative years in the Tri-Cities...but left before wine was a "big deal" in the area and in fact before I was able to legally enjoy the fruits of the vineyard's labor. I had been to Yakima dozens of times, but never had embraced the culinary and wine scene in the area.
Gilbert Cellars: Boasting a trendy yet comfortable tasting room with a selection of food and music on weekends, Gilbert Cellars exemplifies its family story through the at-home feel of the facility and kindness of the staff. While there, I was lucky enough to spend some time with Sean Gilbert, the brains behind the operation. Turns out, Sean and I graduated from rival high schools the same year. He shared some of his passion for wine, and of course, shared some tastes in the process. I walked away with a bottle of the 2006 Allobroges (60% Syrah, 22% Grenache, and 18% Mourvedre) and a 2006 Estate Syrah. Those were probably my favorites, but I enjoyed every wine I tasted.
Kana Winery: Just down the street from Gilbert Cellars, Kana was packed when I walked through the door. Turns out, a large tour group was in the area and Kana was one of their first stops. Despite having nearly a line out the door, the service I got made me feel like the only customer and as the wine tasting commenced, it became evident that Kana sources from some outstanding vineyards. One notable wine that I purchased while there was the 2007 Masterpiece (62% Viognier, 26% Roussanne, 12% Marsanne), one of the most complex whites I've experienced. I also got a Ciel du Cheval Red blend; I'm a sucker for anything from that vineyard.
The wine experiences were two for two in excellence, and I'd highly recommend both as destinations next time you are in the area. I was pretty buzzed by that point in the evening, and unfortunately, my dinner experience was frankly disappointing after great wine. Katie with Wine Yakima Valley as well as Sean at Gilbert provided probably what were some great suggestions, and being me, I threw that advice out the window when I met a server from Carousel French Cuisine who asked me to come to dinner there. I checked out their menu and saw some potentially delicious selections, so off I went. I ordered duck and a glass of wine, and while the service was great, the food left a lot to be desired. The duck was done in a style that didn't resonate with me, and to my horror the side dish was very obviously a frozen vegetable medley. A $30/plate order of duck in the middle of agriculture country, and they were serving frozen vegetables. I was a little horrified.
All in all, it was a great (albiet short) trip to Yakima. Fortunately, Rick, Clive, and myself will be back in February for a little bit longer and Gilbert and Kana will definitely be on the list. We'll plan on broadening out a bit, too, and getting away from downtown. Santiago's is also on the list, I've heard their mole is to die for.
So, with that...what's your favorite Yakima Valley winery?
Wine Rocks Seattle has invited The Oregon Wine Blog to come out on November 12th to attend the 2nd Annual Wine Rocks Seattle event.
Wine Rocks Seattle is an event that celebrates Washington's unique position the worlds of both wine and music. Washington winemakers and musicians will be coming together to give the audience an opportunity to appreciate their talents on stage and out of the bottle.
Beecher's amazing cheeses and food provided by Tom Douglas catering round out the event. The evening sounds like one not to miss. I hope to see you there!
Wine Rocks Seattle benefits the Program for Early Parent Support.
You may have noticed last week The Oregon Wine Blog offered two tickets to the Southern Oregon Grand Tasting in Portland, Oregon to the first reader that contacted us. We had some fun with the promotion and look to do some more promotions for you in the future...so keep your eyes peeled.
Ryan Sharp was the lucky winner - and in payment for his prize we asked that he send a review of the event back for posting. Behold, the first guest blogger post on the blog. Ryan is a blogger out of the Portland area, who shares with us some great insight on this event. Thanks, Ryan!
Last Sunday was the perfect day for tasting the wines of Southern Oregon. The rain let up for a bit, making the crossing of the river from SE to SW beautiful and clear. It's a wonderful thing to taste wine from southern Oregon...and even more wonderful when it's brought to my town.
We entered the Governor Hotel and quickly assessed that we were the only 2 people under age 40. Not that there's anything wrong with people 40 and over, but I am constantly amazed at the lack of under-40-ers that show up to these things. All my friends drink wine, and they're mostly in their 20s and 30s. Hmm.
We picked up the tasting guide, surveyed the room, and chose the wineries we'd taste from. It seemed that spending time with just a handful of the wineries present allowed us to actually hear a bit about the different winemaking decisions, vineyard practices, and visions for each bottle of wine poured.
It was enlightening. And discouraging. All at the same time.
Parts of southern Oregon seem quite suitable for Rhone varietals, so many folks had planted Syrah and Viognier. One winery had also planted Marsanne and Rousanne. There were the usual suspects as well...Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Tempranillo. And there were some slightly more obscure varietals like Petit Sirah (obscure for Oregon), Cab Franc, Albariño, and Dolcetto.
Misty Oaks '07 Cabernet Franc was a solid and inky. They were pouring it, but not selling it. D'oh!
Agate Ridge served up a nice, smoky '06 Syrah. It had a very sweet nose, perhaps from the barrel. Nice medium body and delicate finish. Their whites (Viognier and Marsanne/Rousanne) were reminiscent of the buttery Chardonnays that I don't particularly care for. It probably had a bit to do their barrel-fermentation and the grapes general lack of acid.
Folin Cellars poured out of bottles with glass stoppers. It was fun to get an earful about cork taint! Their '06 Estate Tempranillo was yummy. Nice structure, tons of tannis to stick to your teeth, not as acidic as many Tempranillos. I bet you could cellar this for a few years and find yourself with a gem of a wine!
The '04 Pinot Noir from Henry Estate Winery was dead-on cherry cola. A little vanilla and black pepper as well. Probably our favorite Pinot for the event. The years in the bottle had really allowed the wine to soften and settle. Quite a treat at $30!
Spangler Vineyard's Petit Sirah is always solid. The '06 (which they were out of) blew us away in the past. It was nice to get acquainted with their '07. Lots of white pepper and a surprising amount of fruit for this varietal.
The Dolcetto from Palotai Vineyard & Winery was light and spicy. I bet it'll be a hot commodity for Thanksgiving this year.
Pebblestone Cellars seemed to be the only winery represented using Viognier in their Syrah. The co-ferment the dark Syrah with about 3% Viognier to make the color even richer. The complexity of the color compounds increases when these ferment together. This is an old French secret.
But the big surprise was the Giradet Wine Cellars' Baco Noir. Never heard of it? Neither had we. Full of bacon fat (hold the grease) and blueberry jam, with a long, chocolaty finish, this was my wine of choice. Apparently they smuggled this hybrid grape in years back. And they seem to be the only vineyard growing it in Oregon.
All in all, it was a fun time. I'm excited to see how these wineries and vineyards continue to evolve and experiment. I remember one winemaker saying, "Yah, we tried this or that idea a few years back and then tweaked it the following year." I like hearing stuff like that. People who are still up for some risk-taking, even if it means creating something less-than for one vintage. It keeps things interesting!
Epitomizing the spirit of both The Oregon Wine Blog and our series on non-traditional wines of the Northwest, we decided to do our tasting of Malbec in a unconventional fashion - at least when it comes to the classical method of reviewing wine. That's right, we paired the tasting with our Halloween party, and invited our rag-tag group of friends and fellow bloggers to participate. After all, most of you aren't professional wine drinkers, so why would you want to read reviews from them? Who are we kidding anyway?
Before we dive in to the Malbec, I have three disclosures to make: I'm half a bottle of Lemberger in as I write this post, we tasted 6 different Malbec's in one sitting [and we don't believe in spitting, unless of course, we're driving], and all the wine was supplied by the wineries. So, take it for what it's worth!
Wikipedia, being the bastion of all that is known in the universe, has once again served as our trusty reference as we explore the wonders of Malbec. One of the six grapes allowed in the blend of Bordeaux wine, Malbec is an inky dark grape with robust tannins, found primarily in the Southwest region of France. A think skinned grape, the fruit needs more sunlight than Cab or Merlot to mature, fitting for Eastern Washington or Southern Oregon.
Malbec has traditionally been used in making Claret, it was a significant variety in California prior to the prohibition used in blended bulk production wine. After the prohibition, Malbec became popular in Meritage blends and US production has increased seven-fold in the last 20 years. Seven Hills Winery planted the first Malbec vines in Washington in the late 90's, and a number of Washington and Oregon wineries have been experimenting with 100% varietals in the last 10 years, primarily in the Columbia Valley and Walla Walla AVA's.
As I mentioned, we combined the Malbec tasting with our Halloween party. As a result, a number of our closest friends provided tasting notes that contributed to this post. Free wine, right? The methodology was simple -- Rick and I tasted through all 6 samples prior to the party to get some baseline reviews, and then we provided the bottles to our guests to drink throughout the night, only asking that they jot some notes down on each wine they tasted for our review. Scientific...not so much, but we got some unique and varied perspectives that reflect the diversity and tastes of each individual. Thanks to Drew, Micheal, Chris, Kathryn, Gordon, Andrea, Craig, Megan, and Zack for joining us!
Dusted Valley: This was my personal favorite. We found a jammy, fruity nose with raspberries and cherries quite prominent. The taste built on the nose and added some cranberry with a bit of tartness on the finish. This was a very refreshing wine and didn't require a food pairing to be successful - although would do well with pasta. One of our guests picked up some leather and black pepper on the nose, although I didn't see it. I definitely drank my fair share of the Dusted Valley and I'd suggest picking up a bottle for any time drinking if you can get your hands on one. At $35 per bottle, I believe it is only available to wine club members.
Pend d'Orielle: Our only Idaho wine in this flight, it was a pleasant surprise (although shouldn't have been a surprise based on our previous experience with PO Wine). With a prominent nose of rose petals, some red fruit, and licorice, we picked up cocoa in the flavor profile with a pomegranate finish. This was an extremely drinkable wine in which some of our guests noted hints of leather, berry, and a bit of sweetness. With a price point of $29 per bottle, this is highly recommended.
The other four were well received by various members of our tasting panel. One interesting note was the prominent leather on the Maryhill offering. It definitely wasn't as off-putting as it was on the Barbera; it seems that leather is a feature of the Maryhill Gunkle vineyard. Flavors of raspberry and cranberry seemed to stay constant throughout, and we noted some differences between AVA's in the smoothness of the wines.
So there you have it -- Malbec and Halloween, The Oregon Wine Blog style. Stay tuned for the continuation of this series, some book reviews, a feature on the Southern Oregon wine tasting event from a guest blogger, and some Yakima Valley coverage. What were you drinking on Halloween?


As ABAP had this week off as his summer vacation, it was decided to call over a few of his friends for lunch. Eight of his friends and the rest of our crew made a large party - that's 12 boys not including little SBAP and ZBAP.
The boys spent most of their time outdoors playing football and cricket and some time indoors for eating lunch as they watched a movie (Karate Kid).
Trying to cater lunch for boys who are anxious to be on the move has to be quick and uncomplicated, and hence our "Do-It-Yourself lunch". All the things for the meal were prepared and set on the counter as the boys played. Once all was ready the boys were asked to come and put their burgers together as they liked it.
The guests arrived at around 10 am، but Osama had spent the previous night with us because he needed to dropped home when part of our crew went to Quran Class. Thought the boys (between ages 7 to 15) were much older to three year old SBAP، he was very much a part of the party، laughing with them، running after the ball as they played، sitting between them whenever they sat down، and even ZBAP (1yr) sat outdoors with to watch them play.


Photographic is a layout of Graciela Iturbide's childhood background, her past works, and the philosophy behind how and why she takes pictures.
Photographers, writers, painters, and other creatives can benefit from a master photographer's insights about her motivations, how she sees, and her work preparation.
Learning about what drives us is a lifelong occupation. However, elderly artists have more experience and more valuable things to say about this since they've come way up the road. It is a privilege to catch a glimpse how Graciela perceives herself in relation to she photographs. For me, it is clear see why she's had a long career and still keeps going despite her age.
Photographic: The Life Of Graciela Iturbide by Isabel Quintero and Zeke Pena is available to buy from on all major online bookstores.
Many thanks to Getty Publications for review copy.


text:
34 Pegasi, som är stjärnans Flamsteed-beteckning, är en trippelstjärna belägen i den södra delen av stjärnbilden Pegasus. Den har en skenbar magnitud på ca 5,76 och är svagt synlig för blotta ögat där ljusföroreningar ej förekommer. Baserat på parallax enligt Gaia Data Release 2 på ca 24,9 mas, beräknas den befinna sig på ett avstånd på ca 131 ljusår (ca 40 parsek) från solen. Den rör sig närmare solen med en heliocentrisk radialhastighet av ca –13,5 km/s. Stjärnan har katalogiserats som medlem i stjärnhopen Hyaderna, även om dess medlemsstatus fortfarande är ifrågasatt.

Egenskaper
Primärstjärnan 34 Pegasi Aa är en gul till vit stjärna i huvudserien av spektralklass F7 V eller F8 IV-V. Den har en massa som är ca 1,3 solmassor, en radie som är ca 2,3 solradier och utsänder ca 6,7 gånger mera energi än solen från dess fotosfär vid en effektiv temperatur på ca 6 200 K.

Den innersta delen av trippelstjärnan är en enkelsidig spektroskopisk dubbelstjärna med en omloppsperiod av 2,55 år och en excentricitet på 0,44. En tredje stjärna har en svagt definierad omloppsbana med en period av ca 420 år runt huvudparet. Följeslagaren, 34 Pegasi Ab, till primärstjärnan är troligen en röd dvärgstjärna med en massa av ca 29 procent av solens massa. Följeslagaren 34 Pegasi B har 53 procent av solens massa och en spektralklass kring K4. År 2015 låg den med en vinkelseparation av 3,90 ± 0,02 bågsekunder vid en positionsvinkel på 226,2 ± 0,8° från det inre paret.

Referenser

Noter

Externa länkar
 https://www.universeguide.com/star/110785/34pegasi.

Stjärnbilden Pegasus
Flamsteedobjekt
HR-objekt
HD-objekt
Huvudseriestjärnor klass F
Trippelstjärnor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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Vegetable Freak: How to Pay Cash for College - Lesson 6 I Didn't Know This, Now What?
How to Pay Cash for College - Lesson 6 I Didn't Know This, Now What?
Let's say you didn't know any of the things we discussed in this article and you have $30,000 or even $100,000 in student loan debt.
God loves you and there is hope, but you have dug a deep hole and you need to work extra hard to get out of it. The first thing is to not dig your hole any deeper through additional borrowing. Cut up any credit cards and if you have cars you can't afford (defined as cars with loans on them), sell them and get something inexpensive for cash until the student loans are paid off.
Put all your family energy in to getting these loans paid off. Selling things and second jobs can accelerate your progress. Take a course like Financial Peace University offered by Autumn Ridge Church to learn a Biblical and time honored way to do this. Most families or singles can be debt free except for your mortgage in 3 years.


The Mansions Woodland offers a living experience unlike any other. From simple pleasures to ultimate luxuries, the Mansions brand provides spacious homes and resort-style living. Located in the scenic community of Conroe, Texas find your perfect home where embracing style and innovation creates a haven of unmatched elegance. Designed specifically with you in mind, architects and designers have joined to deliver luxury one, two, three, and four bedroom floor plans with a signature finish. Going above and beyond the typical apartment community, The Mansions Woodland is the perfect place to call home in Conroe, Texas. Apply today!
The Mansions Woodland is not located in or part of The Woodlands® development. The Woodlands® is a registered trademark of The Woodlands Land Development Company, LP.


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Isn't there anything better than this on the radio?
A: but these is the best.
D: this is the greater show.
A: are the more expensive cars in the world.
B: they're the most expensive in the world.
C: it is most expensive.
D: they are the more expensiver.
E: they are very more expensive.
Can she speak any foreign languages?
A: Yes, she can speaks Dutch.
B: Yes, she can. She speaks German well.
C: Yes, I think she cans.
D: No, elizabeth cannot speaks a foreign language.
E: She can speak the French.
are what you here doing?
Will you pass me some milk please?
B: Okay, I will. When?
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I'll talk to the man in the shop; he'll know where the post office is.
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C: There, they will buy a few milk.
D: In the afternoon, they will eat lunch in the garden.
E: Tomorrow she's going out to eat with hers friends.
Do you go swimming often?
A: Yes, I once a week go swimming at the sports centre.
B: Yes, I usually go swimming on Mondays.
C: Yes, I go swimming every days.
D: I go swimming at Sunday.
E: No, never I go swimming.
A: In the office of John, there is a chair, a desk and a computer.
B: There are paper on the desk.
C: The new files are on the shelves, inside the cupboard.
D: Is photocopy paper in a drawer on the desk.
E: Behind the desk, there is many dust.
A: France is famous for its good wine and cheese.
B: Pasta is cheaps, nutritious and easy to prepare.
C: The more richer people in live in France.
D: Everybody's heard of a Lada, the slower car in the world.
E: French is expert at making wine.
Have you ______ eaten wild boar?
I don't think ______ can drive faster than Lewis Hamilton.
15. Which is NOT POLITE?
A: May I have some beer please?
B: I'd like a coke.
C: Can I get some french fries?
D: Could I have a cup of tea?
E: I want a sandwich.
B: I was falling over.
D: It did get hurt.
______ thinking about your girlfriend?
A: What weight is Mr. Harding?
B: Which weight is Mrs. Harding?
C: Weighs much Mrs. Harding?
D: How much does Mr. Harding weigh?
E: How much weighs Mr. Harding?
Catherine is really rude: she walked right ______ me without helping with my bags.


FREDDIE Ladapo, one of the four goal scorers in this Saturday's 5-1 win over Tavistock, is settling into pre-season and the team well.
Derek Adams' pre-season training is known to everyone as being incredibly tough and hard work, but Ladapo knew that from the start.
"I think it has been very tough, it's probably the toughest pre-season I've had; training everyday, high intensity, high tempo," Freddie said "The hardship of it actually builds a stronger bond with everyone because everyone is feeling the same pain and everyone had to go through it and pick each other up together so I'm enjoying it at the minute.
"The physio told me when I was doing my medical and everyone told me 'it's going to be a tough one for you'.
During training, it gives the team a chance to bond and get to know each other, at the same time as becoming fit enough to face the season ahead, as Freddie is aware.
"The manager has seen what he has, what shapes he can work with and what suits this team well and as long as we are there doing and showing what he wants to see then that's all we are concerned about.
"Especially in League One with the amount of games that you do play, you need to be very fit to endure that long season.
"I think the season is what you make it, like the first half of the [last] season when they were down at the bottom, it was through their work and effort, so when they changed things it was still through their work and effort.
"Hopefully this season we can carry on the process of doing well and take from last year and build on it from this year.
Ladapo was one of ten new signings for Argyle over the summer who have all been working hard to settle in with the others.
He said: "It's a lot easier when you're one of ten rather than one of two because people have to take on to everyone, you're not just trying to squeeze into one place, everyone's trying to squeeze in.
"When we first joined, we were all in a hotel together, so you do build that bond with them straight away before you even get into the team."
Originally from Essex, Ladapo has travelled over many miles to find somewhere to settle and he thinks Plymouth could be the right place for him.
"In previous places I've gone to, like up in Manchester, the weather is completely different," he said. "I came here and it's exactly the same as London so it's not that different, other than not being around family and things like that.
With the large number of squad members this season, everyone is fighting to get their position in the starting line-up, including Freddie.
He said: "My main focus is to keep being in the right areas, keep creating chances and obviously I do want to score.
"I don't want to be hitting the post so it was good to score [today] and it just shows that I've got a little bit more work to be doing.
"I like being up there, creating chances and being a threat.


text:
Artqol
LOREN SIEMS
From: Louisiana, United States
Based in: Houston, Texas
Main Artistic Theme: Painting & Sculpture
Web: lorensiemsart.com
Loren Siems' autobiographical sculptures and paintings evolve from personal places and memories that draw on universal themes of image, gender, and body politics. She bases her work on relationships. She creates a visual language by adapting her childhood imagery and memories to portray her psychological development and anxieties as an adult woman formed from these relationships.
Body Tubes
Two Bunnies in Victorian Dresses
Swaddle-Bound
Body Boxes
After a decade in NYC, Loren Siems has moved her artistic practice to Houston, TX. She graduated with her Bachelors of Fine Arts in Painting from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2005, and received her Masters of Fine Arts in Sculpture from the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth 2009. Siems has also studied drawing at the University of Sussex in England, Summer 2004.
In 2009, she interned at the international Studios and Curatorial Program in Brooklyn, NY. Siems also worked under artist Jacob Hashimoto in 2010. Since then, she has focused on further developing her own art career. Siems is currently represented by Surmrit Gallery of Art and Design in Brooklyn, NY.
Loren Siems' autobiographical sculptures and paintings evolve from personal places and memories that draw on universal themes of image, gender, and body politics. She bases her work on relationships: her relationship with her mother, her relationship with her body, and her relationships with men.
Siems creates a visual language by adapting her childhood imagery and memories to portray her psychological development and anxieties as an adult woman formed from these relationships. All imagery is directly derived from her body and experiences as a point of departure for a way to visually understand a woman's view and interaction with the world around her.
Siems expresses nontraditional beauty by playing on nostalgia for traditional beauty and certain ideals of feminine behavior, while urging girls to grow to be strong independent women with a sense of reflection, a respect for the our female predecessors, and a mind for changing the future.
Antenna Gallery
Group Exhibition:
I AM AN IMPORTANT GIANT
Visit Exhibition
Kunstraum Tapir
Solo:
Loren Simes:
"Through my sculptures and videos, I reveal anxious moments derived from interpersonal relationships and provide desired places of comfort from the anxiety of being a girl. My work expresses interplay between erratic emotional turmoil and a need to contain the outbursts in order to remain a functional member of society through mixed media, "boxed-in" rooms, tattered stuffed animals, and provoking performance videos. My videos are expressions of the inner experience along with handmade objects that depict the duality of self between neutral exteriors and erratic interiors.
I draw from my experiences as a woman coming of age and the disdain I have towards my biology. I also recall childhood memories and experiences that continue to resonate; children adopt stuffed animals to transition from the mother, now the child as an adult still requires stuffed animals as a surrogate for intimate relationships so one is provided some sense of companionship and comfort. I am vulnerable, aggressive, and reserved, and share myself with the audience in hopes of evoking their own emotional reactions as a means of comfort."
by Ediyal
© 2020 artqol.com


Happy low-carb and keto Halloween!
Maybe you have a whole bunch of monsters, goblins, ghouls or ghosts to feed before going trick or treating this year? Or maybe you're bringing something to a family potluck? Gatherings and parties with friends and family often mean sharing a meal together. This is a lovely tradition and not something to give up just because you've changed the way you eat.
We want you to be able to enjoy all the flavors that you know and love but without excessive sugars and lots of carbs. We want you to have both a happy and a healthy Halloween! Below you'll find delicious recipes for foods that are great to fill up on this festive season.
Do you have a low-carb Halloween recipe that's terrifyingly delicious? Please share it with us in the comments below.
I read that a new feature has been added to recipes: the ability to enter the number of people a recipe is intended for, and then the quantities are automatically adjusted in the recipe. Is this up and running yet (31st October 2016)?
Yes. Just adjust the number next to "servings".
Too bad I just found this. I'll make ones next year using your recipes! Thanks for sharing Dr. Andreas.


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text:
Q: How can I find the index of an element inside of my List? Here's what I have:
public int FindItem(int elementoABuscar)
{
    int indice = vectorNumeros.FindIndex(0, asd);
    return indice;
}

I can't seem to figure out the second part of the FindIndex method.
How would I find the index of elementoABuscar?

A: Just use List<int>.IndexOf:
int indice = vectorNumeros.IndexOf(elementoABuscar);

FindIndex is used to find an item which matches a particular predicate - you don't need it here, if you're just trying to find an element directly.
Note that if your list is sorted, you could also use List<T>.BinarySearch.

A: Why don't you use list.IndexOf(object) ?

A: Try
int indice = vectorNumeros.IndexOf(elementoABuscar);

msdn reference

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange