Who Gets Wilson's Temperature Syndrome?
Wilson's Temperature Syndrome is the cluster of often debilitating symptoms especially brought on by physical or emotional stress that can persist even after the stress has passed (due to maladaptive slowing of the metabolism). It usually responds characteristically to the normalization of body temperature patterns (especially through the use of a special T3 therapy protocol and/or certain natural medicines). It is characterized by a body temperature that runs, on average, below normal, but routine thyroid blood tests are often in the "normal" range.
Wilson's Temperature Syndrome is especially brought on by stresses such as: childbirth (#1 cause), divorce, death of a loved one, job or family stress, surgery or accidents, excessive dieting, and others. The symptoms usually come on together, especially after significant physical, mental, or emotional stress. Patients can usually relate the onset of their symptoms to an identifiable stress (usually within weeks, days or even hours after the precipitating event). In other cases, the symptoms surface gradually within two months of a particular stress. At other times a precipitating event cannot be identified at all. The stress correlation is much more obvious when the symptoms come on within days, if not hours after the stress. Through these obvious cases, it has been easy to identify typical causes of Wilson's Temperature Syndrome. Interestingly, emotional stresses seem to be as prevalent as, if not more prevalent than, physical stresses as causes of Wilson's Temperature Syndrome.
Some people are more prone to developing Wilson's Temperature Syndrome than others. Their symptoms may come on earlier in life and tend to worsen more gradually over time. They may not even know what it feels like to be normal.
A patient's family history may reveal that many people in his family have been diagnosed with "thyroid problems". Thyroid system problems, in general, tend to run in families. And Wilson's Temperature Syndrome also appears to have a hereditary component. It seems that those who are most prone to developing WTS are those whose ancestors survived famine, such as Irish, Scot, Welsh, American Indian, Russian, etc. Most susceptible of all seem to be those who are part Irish, and part American Indian. There also may be an independent correlation with the genetic makeup that is consistent with people having light colored skin, freckles, red highlights or red hair, and light-colored eyes. But under severe circumstances people of any nationality can develop Wilson's Temperature Syndrome. It seems that about 80% of Wilson's Temperature Syndrome sufferers are women.
If you can relate to the statements above, you know how frustrating it can feel. You've probably come to the conclusion that something's wrong and it needs to be fixed. You know you need to find a solution that works for you.
See my blog or read my book free online to learn much more about Wilson's Temperature Syndrome. Share my book with your physician or use this search tool to find a doctor near you.
Is your doctor practicing ageism?
I was nearly poisoned to death by toxic fragrances at work. I saw every specialist. They couldn't find any cause. My cells were starved for nutrition, hydration, and oxygen. I survived 3 years of the abuse before finding a doctor who gave me a DNA test to prove I could not detox my liver or lungs and the fragrances were killing me (missing GSTM1 and 4 polymorphisms). I've taken natural therapies for nutrition and oxygen. Migraines were disabling. I was diagnosed with fibromyalgia, toxic encephalopathy, and hypothyroidism. My symptoms had evolved from gastrointestinal (needing bovine enzymes), bone (cysts, arthritis, and dislocations), nerve, muscle, and gynecological (cysts) to what I'm experiencing now. The migraines and hypothyroid symptoms recently got worse and included facial swelling. I found your website and told my doctor that WTS fits my symptoms (even temp average of 97.1). I'm now on T3 therapy and getting better. I've finally been able to sleep pain free most nights and have more energy. My spouse days my personality has come back too. THANK YOU!
Wow, that is an amazing story- thank you for sharing it! We're so glad to hear you are getting better.
Would you mind if we saved this and possibly post it on our testimonial page?
By the way, I have red hair, freckles, and light blue eyes. I'm a dead ringer for WTS.
I wish T3 would work for me! My doctor prescribed it (T3 SR 7.5 mcg compound 2x/day) and within 5 days I was having thyroid area complications. I was told to stop and something else would be ordered for me to take. I'm afraid it will be synthetic. I need to find someon who understands WTS.


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Sędek – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie mazowieckim, w powiecie płockim, w gminie Staroźreby.

Nazwa wsi stanowi staropolskie zdrobnienie od imion takich, jak Sędowin, Sędzimir, Sędomir, Sędzisław, Sędosław, Sędziwoj, Sędowoj, Sędźwoj, Sędziwuj.

W latach 1975–1998 miejscowość administracyjnie należała do województwa płockiego.

Zobacz też
 Sędek

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Staroźreby (gmina)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Halifax, the capital region of Nova Scotia, is a lively and colourful combination of urban and rural living at its best. Governor Edward Cornwallis and 2500 settlers created Canada's first permanent British town here in 1749, on the scenic shores of the world's second largest natural harbour. The historic downtown waterfront areas of Halifax and Dartmouth are perfect for discovering on foot, while the other communities around the harbour are accessible by public transit or car. Beyond the harbour, the Regional Municipality stretches both south and west along the South Shore, and east through the coastal villages of the Eastern Shore and the pastoral landscape of the Musquodoboit Valley. Read on for individual exploration tours that will introduce you to the sights, sounds and places that make the Halifax Regional Municipality all you could want in a vacation.
For a great view of the harbour and a fun, relaxing way to reach Dartmouth, take the Halifax-Dartmouth Ferry. The Metro Transit ferry operates throughout the day between the downtown terminal near Historic Properties and Dartmouth's Ferry Terminal Park. A rush-hours-only ferry also runs between the downtown terminal and Woodside, near Eastern Passage.
Looking out toward the harbour entrance as you cross, the nearest island is George's Island, with the small lighthouse on the side. It played a key role in the harbour's defence system for almost 200 years. Although not open to the public, it has been named a National Historic Site, and the federal heritage department is currently restoring its fortifications.
From here, walk down Sackville Street towards Halifax Harbour. Looking to the right along Barrington Street, you can imagine the late Victorian splendor of the Church of England Institute building, now The Khyber, a centre for the arts, and next to it the facade of the former City Club of the 1890s, given new life as part of the Neptune Theatre complex. At this corner you can also see the Discovery Centre, a hands-on science centre.
Heading inland from here up Crowell Road to Rte. 107 and Rte. 7 takes you past Porter's Lake, 24 km long, the site of a provincial camping and picnic park. Also at Porter's Lake, the Old Hall Wilderness Heritage Centre features the cultural and natural history of the Porter's Lake area, housed in a beautifully restored former church hall. Continuing along Rte. 207 past the oceanside communities of Seaforth and Grand Desert, will bring you into the small community of West Chezzetcook whose population is descended from an isolated Acadian community of the 18th century. While there, you can visit the historic Acadian church, St. Anslem's, and the old cemetery, or dig clams on the salt marshes.


When you're the boss, one of the hardest things you'll have to do is tell an employee that they no longer have a job, sometimes through no fault of their own.
When an employee loses a job through termination, layoffs, firing, downsizing or reduction in force, the manager or supervisor should complete an exit interview. That might be the second-hardest thing to do, after letting the employee know that they no longer have a job.
What is involved with an exit interview? The exit interview is conducted by the employer, manager, supervisor, or an HR representative that meets with the employee.
It's normal for both the employee and the interviewer to feel nervous.
For employees, the goals are usually to get the maximum amount of severance money, to ensure that they obtain all of the benefits that they are entitled to, and to understand what their options are. It is an emotional and trying time, but an opportunity for a fresh start and through the meeting, they are looking to ensure that their chances of getting a new job with a new company are not harmed by being laid off from this company.
For an employer, it's a bit more complex.
Employers will typically offer severance pay, and this serves two purposes.
The first is that it helps long-term employees get back on their feet after being laid off for reasons that are not their fault.
The second is the severance pay will deter the employee from suing the employer for wrongful dismissal in the future. Because the employer is not required to offer severance pay, the employee is more willing to avoid lawsuits and to maintain trade secrets after they leave the company. The result is an amicable parting for both the employer and employee.
Because the employee is likely to seek new employment immediately, the employer and the employee should talk about the method for handling calls from prospective employers and references. To assist the employee's job search, both parties should attempt to reach an understanding of what should be said to prospective employers. In the case where an employee was terminated for a reason that was not their fault, it will be much easier for an employer to provide a good reference or a recommendation.
Benefits, health insurance, 401K policies, profit sharing, and any rollover options all need to be discussed. All account numbers should be confirmed so that the departing employee is able to manage their accounts properly thereafter. Remember that the employee has a right to know these things before their departure.
Keys, identification and pass cards, passwords, and all other company assets should be returned at this time, if not sooner. A complete inventory of company property and equipment in the employee's possession should be completed and documented to avoid any future disagreements in regards to returned property. Also remember that the employee has the right to return and gather their personal belongings on the employer's premises at a predetermined date.
When preparing for this meeting, gather your notes and a list of things to discuss. It's best if you have and use clear procedures and documented processes. If either one of you is flustered or nervous, you then have guidelines to follow. This meeting can be difficult, but it doesn't have to be.


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Home » Help with my visa! News » IF YOU WANT TO GO FAR…
Help with my visa! News
IF YOU WANT TO GO FAR…
Help with my visa! 21 0
What excited me about founding Help with my visa! was being able to create something that, taken together, is more valuable than the sum of its parts.
Business doesn't need to be transactional or zero-sum, it can (and should!) be collaborative and long-lasting.
It reminded me of this African proverb:
If you want to go fast, go alone.
If you want to go far, go together.
African proverb Tweet
So I'm following that command to "go together" by announcing four new partnerships we've recently set up.
First, I'm extremely pleased to welcome two new visa services companies to Help with my visa, including our first partnership overseas.
VAS Contact became our first overseas seller and launched with us at the end of June.
Based in Baku, Azerbaijan, VAS Contact is a professional visa services company run by Elchin Abdullayev, a former Zone Manager at TLScontact responsible for running the UK and France visa application centres in the Caucuses.
Elchin's built an extremely professional and competent team in Baku and is offering what I believe is the first-of-its-kind visa service in Azerbaijan.
It's a pleasure to welcome VAS Contact to the Help with my visa! marketplace and I look forward to deepening our relationship as travel restrictions continue to ease between Azerbaijan and the UK.
Back in the UK, I'm delighted to announce that Immigration Services Provider (ISP) has joined the Help with my visa! marketplace.
With a 4.6* rating on Trustpilot, ISP is an immigration adviser accredited and regulated by the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) to handle casework up to Level 1, which covers the majority of visa applications made in the UK.
With ISP onboard we can now offer immigration advice services in four more languages, covering Gujarati, Hindi, Punjabi and Urdu, as well as English.
In addition to these two exciting new sellers joining the Help with my visa! marketplace, I'm elated to announce that we've also signed our first two affiliate deals to offer additional services to our customers.
As many people applying for a visa or residence permit send and receive large sums of money overseas we've joined forces with Smart Currency Exchange, a foreign exchange company regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the UK.
Smart Currency Exchange specialises in large overseas money transfers and is the perfect solution for people like students, those moving to another country and people who want to make high-value investments overseas to start businesses or buy new homes.
Smart Currency Exchange has amassed over 1000 5* reviews on Trustpilot and has helped people transfer more than £5 billion around the world since 2007.
We've also joined the Trainline affiliate scheme and are in the process of integrating this into our service offerings.
Whether you're in the UK and need to use the train to travel to a UKVCAS service point or are visiting the UK from overseas and want to see more of the country, you can simply and securely buy train tickets to get you there using the Trainline website and mobile app.
With these partnerships in place we can better serve our customers for all their travel and immigration needs.
Because applying for a visa isn't about getting a nice sticker in your passport or a shiny new identity card.
It's just one of a number of things that let you take that trip to a new foreign land, to access the world's best education as an international student or to live with your family in a different country.
So by working together with these partners, we can help you go that little bit further together with us.
RIGHT BRAIN STORIES PODCAST: THE STORY OF HELP WITH MY VISA!
4 MASSIVE REASONS TO USE AN IMMIGRATION ADVISOR

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


PowerPoint 2010: Trim Audio Clip – You can trim audio at the beginning and end of each clip. Perhaps, a narration discusses a subject that is not pertinent to the message of your audio clip or you want to shorten the audio to fit with the timing of your slides.
Select the audio clip, and then press Play.
Select the video on the slide.
Under Audio Tools, on the Playback tab, in the Editing group, click Trim Audio.
To trim the beginning of the clip, click the start point (shown in the image below as a green marker, on the far left). When you see the two-headed arrow, drag the arrow to the desired starting position for the audio clip.
To trim the end of the clip, click the end point (shown in the image below as a red marker, on the right). When you see the two-headed arrow, drag the arrow to the desired ending position for the audio clip.


Home > Articles > Do Cellulite Massagers Really Work?
Do Cellulite Massagers Really Work?
Cellulite has a pretty bad rap—it's often associated with obesity, inactivity, and unattractiveness. Even though cellulite is natural and not necessarily a sign of poor health, people are constantly seeking methods of cellulite reduction and prevention. In-office anti-cellulite procedures like Mesotherapy and Lipodissolve are low-risk and have a high client satisfaction rate, but people tend to turn to simpler and less expensive methods first. A number of at-home tools have become popular in the war against cellulite; namely, cellulite massagers. Read on to learn more about how cellulite massagers work and if they're worth your time and money.
Cellulite massagers were created under the belief that massage can help decrease the visibility of cellulite. Most experts agree that rigorous and regular massage can indeed break up fat collections and drain lymph nodes. Endermologie is an advanced procedure performed by a skincare professional and is comparable to a deep-tissue massage. Cellulite massagers mimic the function of Endermologie by vibrating, kneading, suctioning, rolling, or pulsating cellulite-ridden areas. Since they are designed to be used at home, cellulite massagers are less powerful and will yield less dramatic results than Endermologie. It's important to note that massaging fat build-up won't make it disappear—at the most, it will just break it up so that it doesn't appear as cellulite. The fat will still exist in that part of your body.
Cellulite massagers can range in price from as low as $10 to as much as $150. The most affordable cellulite massagers are manual, handheld, non-electronic tools that you massage around areas you wish to be treated. They're not much different from an ordinary handheld massager, except they may feature more pressure points to "break up" the fat deposits. As you climb up the price range of cellulite massagers you'll find electronic versions that don't require as much handwork from you, since they do most of the work. These devices may also incorporate heat to "melt" the fat as it massages.
One of the best aspects of at-home cellulite massagers is that there are virtually no risks or side effects. At most, you'll experience a deep-tissue massage that you can control yourself. On the other hand, it's hard to say whether you'll see improvement with cellulite massagers or not. Severe cellulite or people looking for a dramatic improvement in their cellulite should seek a professional treatment.
There are a range of professional treatments designed to treat and lessen the visibility of cellulite. Endermologie, as previously discussed, uses a massage function to break up fat deposits and drain lymph nodes. Mesotherapy is the most popular anti-cellulite treatment, and it too breaks down fat and drains lymph nodes. However, mesotherapy uses injections of natural solutions to encourage the breakdown. VelaSmooth is growing in popularity thanks to celebrity exposure. The procedure is similar to Endermologie, but it also incorporates infrared light and radio frequencies to speed up the process.
If you'd to learn more about these anti-cellulite treatments or more, contact our representatives today. We'll gladly schedule a private consultation with a cellulite expert in your area.


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A- Z Services
Emergency & Trauma
Spine & Neuro
Women & Children
Huntsville Hospital Physicians Offices
Community Health Initiative
LifeSouth/Blood Donation
My Reason - Patient Stories
Hospitals & Affiliates
Huntsville Hospital Physician Offices
Imaging Locations
Lab Patient Service Centers
Introducing Huntsville Hospital Urgent Care
Huntsville Hospital Health System and Urgent Team Family of Urgent Care & Walk-In Centers have teamed up to create a branded network of walk-in urgent and family care centers throughout North Alabama.
Urgent Team Walk-In Urgent Care locations in Huntsville, Madison, Decatur, Florence and Muscle Shoals have been rebranded as Huntsville Hospital Urgent Care centers.
All of the centers are open seven days a week and provide treatment for injuries, illnesses and conditions that are urgent, but non-life threatening. Walk-ins are welcome or for added convenience, patients are able to schedule a same day or next day appointment online. Most insurance plans are accepted, including TRICARE, VA, Medicare and Medicaid, as well as cash and credit cards.
Since 1895, Huntsville Hospital has grown to be the second largest hospital in Alabama. The cornerstone of this community-based, not-for-profit hospital is a concentration on patient-centered, quality-focused processes, which lead to optimum healthcare outcomes. As a progressive healthcare leader in Alabama, Huntsville Hospital is accredited by the Joint Commission and its services, programs and patient outcomes have received numerous accolades over the years.
Urgent Team Family of Centers is one of the largest independent operators of urgent and family care centers in the Southeast. The Family of Centers, with soon-to-be 60-plus centers in five states, provide a range of health services including treatments for injuries and illnesses, occupational health and wellness care.
"This exciting initiative will expand our non-emergency, walk-in services," said Huntsville Hospital Health System Chief Operating Officer Jeff Samz. "As a leading regional health system in North Alabama, the expertise of our strong reputation for clinical care and service combined with Urgent Team's proficiency in offering a quality, patient experience in a retail setting, further positions our health system to become the leading on-demand network in North Alabama. The partnership helps fill the gap in consumer and employer health demand for a retail value experience for every-day healthcare needs."
Urgent Team Chief Executive Officer and Chairman Tom Dent expressed his enthusiasm: "It is our honor to partner with this forward-thinking health system. Urgent Team and Huntsville Hospital are trusted leaders in offering health services that combine quality, convenience, cost, and an exceptional patient experience."
According to the Urgent Care Association, conveniently located urgent care centers have become an essential part of patient care and are at the epicenter of transformative changes occurring in the U.S. healthcare market. "Our communities want and deserve convenience and value when making healthcare choices," Samz explained. "Healthcare consumers increasingly expect a responsive delivery of services with simplified and integrated care pathways. As patients continue to shoulder more of the cost of care, this joint venture will result in a network of conveniently located urgent care centers that will provide quality care at a lower cost than other options. Urgent Team is a leader in the urgent care sector and this strategic partnership is an example of their commitment to greater care integration for patients."
This partnership expands the Urgent Team Family of Centers to six brands in five states: Huntsville Hospital Urgent Care, Washington Regional Urgent Care, Urgent Team, Sherwood Urgent Care, Baptist Health Urgent Care, and Physicians Care.
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11 Popular Natural Nootropics: What Does The Science Say?
Home / Blog / 11 Popular Natural Nootropics: What Does The Science Say?
Michael TurnerandMarc S. Schneider, M.D.
From improving your attention span to stabilizing your mood, nootropic substances can help to enhance your brain in a number of different ways. But when many people think of nootropics, they often think about synthetic substances like Piracetam or Adderall.
While drugs like these have been found effective in enhancing a number of different mental processes, the pathways through which they interact with your brain are still poorly understood. As such, some people worry about the long-term psychological effects.
No matter whether you're concerned with the long-term risks of some synthetics, or just looking to stick with organic substances altogether, there appears to be a number of natural nootropics that can enhance your cognitive capabilities. Many of which have been well-researched and some have even been in use for centuries throughout different parts of the world.
In this article, we consider the scientific findings surrounding a number of different substances to weight in on the efficacy of 11 of the most popular natural nootropics currently on the market.
Our Rating Scale
For this purpose, we've developed an efficacy rating scale we call Does It Work (DIW). The scale ranges from 1 to 4, with 1 being the least effective and 4 being the most.
We've taken into consideration the number of prospective, randomized, and blinded studies that have been conducted on each natural nootropic. If there have been few studies, the efficacy ranking will be lower. If there have been numerous studies, the efficacy raking will be higher.
We also take into account the results of the studies. If the demonstrated result is positive with high statistical significance, then the study would rank higher, if the study showed only modest improvement, it would rank lower. Finally, if there are some studies that show a positive result and some that show no difference, then that would lower the DIW score. Our dosing recommendations were determined by dosing evaluated in peer reviewed studies.
Now that we've touched on the basis for our ranking system, let's clearly define what we mean by the term 'natural' nootropics before we jump into the list.
What are Natural Nootropics?
The term 'natural nootropic' refers to any cognitive enhancing organic compound. It sounds simple enough but it can actually mean a couple of different things.
On the one hand, natural nootropics are plant-based substances like herbs and herbal extracts. On the other hand, 'hybrid' nootropics are compounds that have technically been created in a laboratory but also do occur naturally.
For instance, amino acids are produced naturally in your body and are also found in organic food sources like meat and dairy. The same chemical compounds, however, can be created artificially. In fact, many nootropic supplements are composed of these kinds of ingredients — compounds that are technically man-made but can also be found in nature.
With that being said, our list includes compounds that fall into either of these 2 categories. While we go over a number of different substances, this list is by no means exhaustive.
1. Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha is a herb derived from the Withania somnifera plant. It's adaptogenic, which basically means that it helps your brain and body adapt to stress. Ashwagandha is native to the Indian subcontinent and has been in use there as a herbal healing remedy for centuries. It is also widely available here in the U.S. as an herbal extract used for alleviating stress.
Ashwagandha works by targeting certain neurotransmitters in your brain. Neurotransmitters are the chemicals that your nerve cells use to communicate with one another. Ashwagandha is believed to enhance GABA receptors, which are directly responsible for regulating your body's response to both physical and mental stress.
Main Benefits
Mood Stabilizer
improves Cognition
Dosing Recommendations
300mg twice a day
Ashwagandha References
Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., Anishetty, S. "A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults." India Journal of Psyschological Medicine. 2012 July.
Cooley, K., Szczurko, O., Mills, E.L., Bernhardt, B., Zhou, Q., Seely, D. "Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRCTN78958974." PloS One. 2009 Aug.
Andrade, C., Aswath, A., Chaturvedi, S.K., Srinivasa, M., Raguram, R. "A double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the anxiolytic efficacy ff an ethanolic extract of withania somnifera." Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2000 July
Choudhary, D., Bhattacharyya, S., Bose, Sekhar. "Efficacy and safety of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal) root extract in improving memory and cognitive functions" Journal of Dietary Supplements. 2017 February
2. B Vitamins
B vitamins are important micronutrients found in a variety of different food sources, including meats, vegetables, and fruits. They're also present in just about every one of your body's cells. In their 'hybrid' form, B vitamins are also frequently found in dietary supplements, including a number of different nootropics stacks.
Specific B vitamins are used as cofactors for the synthesis of adrenaline during your body's stress response. Vitamins like B6 can help to reduce feelings of nervousness and uneasiness but only in combination with other substances.
They're used to synthesize neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine as well. Researchers have found them helpful in lowering homocysteine in older populations — homocysteine can negatively impact cognition in elderly folks.
B vitamins are also used during glucose metabolism in the brain. The role they play in cognitive functioning is therefore critical, and a deficiency may affect your ability to effectively cope with stress.
B Vitamins References
Stough, C., Scholey, A., Lloyd, J., Spong, J., Myers, S., Downey, L.A. "The effect of 90 day administration of a high dose vitamin B‐complex on work stress" Human Psychopharmacology. 2011 Sept.
Zhang, D., Ye, J., Mu, J. "Efficacy of Vitamin B Supplementation on Cognition in Elderly Patients With Cognitive-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology. 2016 Oct.
Li, M., You, J., Wang, H., J, T., Wang, J., Meng, X., Tan, C., Wang, C., Tan, L. "Efficacy of Vitamins B Supplementation on Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Current Alzheimer Research. 2014 Nov.
Hellman, H., Mooney, S. "Vitamin B6: A Molecule for Human Health?" Molecules. 201o Jan.
3. Bacopa Monnieri
Bacopa Monnieri is a perennial plant native to South and Southeast Asia. It is an adaptogen that helps to mitigate the effects of biological and physiological stress. Its mood and memory enhancing properties have been known and written about for hundreds of years in Indian culture, where it has traditionally been used amongst religious followers to memorize lengthy passages of text.
Bacopa Monnieri works by modulating neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and serotonin. Acetylcholine plays an important role in cognitive functions like working memory and information processing. Serotonin is a powerful brain chemical that helps to regulate your mood.
Bacopa Monnieri also functions as an antioxidant, helping to prevent the build-up of toxic free-radicals in the brain.
Dosing Recommendations
300mg – 450mg daily
Bacopa Monnieri References
Stough, C., Downey, L.A., Lloyd, J., Silber, B., Redman, S., Hutchinson, C., Wesnes, K., Nathan, P.J. "Examining the nootropic effects of a special extract of Bacopa monniera on human cognitive functioning: 90 day double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial." Phytotheraphy Research. 2008 Dec.
Sathyanarayanan, V., Thomas, T., Einother, S.J., Joshi, M.K., Krishnamachari, S. "Brahmi for the better? New findings challenging cognition and anti-anxiety effects of Brahmi (Bacopa monniera) in healthy adults." Psychopharmacology. 2013 May.
Calabrese, C., Gregory, W.L., Leo, M., Kraemer, D., Bone, K., Oken, B. "Effects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial." Journal of Alternative and Complimentary Medicine 2008 July.
Stough, C., Lloyd, J., Clarke, J., Downey, L.A., Hutchinson, C.W., Rodgers, T., Nathan, P.J. "The chronic effects of an extract of Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects." Psychopharmacology 2001 Aug.
Caffeine is the most popular nootropic substance in the world and its cognitive enhancing properties have been known since at least the 15th century (some evidence even suggests its use goes back much further).
It's the psychoactive ingredient found in both coffee beans and tea leaves and is known the world over for its energy boosting properties. In addition to being found in coffee and tea, it is also the central ingredient in many energy drinks and pre-workout supplements.
Caffeine works in a few different ways. First, it functions as an inhibitor, helping to block the action of the chemical messenger known as adenosine. Adenosine is a naturally occurring chemical found within the body; its one of the main chemicals responsible for making you feel tired. Caffeine also modulates neurotransmitters in your brain like serotonin and epinephrine.
While it is well known for its stimulating effects, studies since 2010 have shown that its effects on alertness and cognition may not be as significant as once thought. Multiple studies in the realm of athletics, however, have found that it significantly improves reaction time and overall performance.
Improves Reaction Time
Brain Energy
Improves Alertness
200mg per dose
Caffeine References
Childs, E., de Wit, H. "Subjective, behavioral, and physiological effects of acute caffeine in light, nondependent caffeine users." Psychopharmacology. 2006 Mar.
Barry, R.J., CLARKE, A.R., JOHNSTONE, S.J. "Caffeine and opening the eyes have additive effects on resting arousal measures." Clinical Neurophysiology. 2011 Apr.
Nehlig, A. "Therapeutic Opportunities for Caffeine in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders" Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2010 Apr.
Glade, M.J. "Caffeine — not just a stimulant" Nutrition 2010 Oct.
5. Choline
Choline is an essential nutrient produced in the body and found in a number of food sources ranging from eggs and dairy to beef and fish. It plays a vital role in your brain, helping to provide it with energy and maintain the critical structures it needs to function. Even so, many North Americans don't get enough choline through their daily diets.
It comes in multiple forms, including lecithin, citicoline, acetylcholine, and alpha GPC. It is the centerpiece of many different nootropic supplements and helps to increase multiple aspects of cognition including working memory and comprehension.
Choline aids your brain in rebuilding and repairing neurons, helping to optimize the signaling process between them. It also helps to increase the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is your brain's primary chemical fuel source.
Improved cognition
Choline References
Poly, C., Massaro, J.M., Seshadri, S., Wolf, P.A., Cho, E., Krall, E., Jacques, P.F., Au, R. "The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort" The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011 Dec.
Arenth, P.A., Russell, K.C., Ricker, J.H., Zafonte, R.D. "CDP-Choline as a Biological Supplement During Neurorecovery: A Focused Review" Supplement. 2011 June.
McGlade, E. Locatelli, A., Hardy, J., Kamiya, T., Morita, M., Morishita, K., Sugimura, Y., Yurgelun-Todd, D. "Improved Attentional Performance Following Citicoline Administration in Healthy Adult Women" Food and Nutrition Science. 2012 June.
Alvarez, X.A., Laredo, M., Corzo, D., Fernandez-Novoa, L., Mouzo, R., Perea, J.E., Daniele, D., Casabelos, R. "Citicoline improves memory performance in elderly subjects." Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. 1997 Apr.
Spiers, P.A., Myers, D., Hochanadel, G.S., Lieberman, H.R., Wurtman, R.J. "Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging." Archives of Neurology. 1996 May.
The E Nootropics Stack
Improve focus, memory & recall w/ these 5 synergistic & clinically proven natural nootropics. Learn More
6. Creatine
Creatine is an amino acid and non-essential nutrient that is produced in relatively low quantities within your body. It is also a common ingredient found in a variety of different dietary supplements. Creatine is considered a nootropic substance due to its enhancing effects on mental energy and concentration and has been popular in the world of sports and fitness for years (although not necessarily as a nootropic).
One of its primary roles is to aid in the synthesis and resynthesis of ATP in your brain cells. In addition to being your brain's primary fuel source, ATP also plays an important part in the production of neurotransmitters.
Creatine may also function as a neuroprotectant, helping the brain to recover from concussions and even possibly reduce the effects of neurodegenerative diseases.
It's important to point out, however, that studies on the efficacy of creatine are mixed. It has been found effective in improving cognition in elderly populations; however, its efficacy in young adults has yet to be clearly demonstrated.
Improves Cognition (only in elderly adults)
Neuroprotectant
5 grams daily
Creatine References
McMorris, T., Mielcarz, G., Harris, R.C., Swain, J.P., Howard, A. "Creatine supplementation and cognitive performance in elderly individuals." Neuropsychology Development and Cognition. 2007 Sep.
Rawson, E.S., Lieberman, H.R., Walsh, T.M., Zuber, S.M., Harthman, J.M., Matthews, T.C. "Creatine supplementation does not improve cognitive function in young adults." Physiology and Behavior. 2008 Sep.
Beal, M.F. "Neuroprotective effects of creatine" Amino Acids. 2011 May.
Dean, P.J., Arikan, G., Opitz, B., Sterr, A. "Potential for use of creatine supplementation following mild traumatic brain injury" Concussion. 2017 Mar.
Smith, R.N., Agharkar, A.S., Gonzales, E.B. "A review of creatine supplementation in age-related diseases: more than a supplement for athletes" F1000 Research. 2014 Sep.
7. GABA
GABA is an amino acid and neurotransmitter that primarily functions as an inhibitor. More specifically, it helps to block glutamate, which is an excitatory brain chemical that can induce feelings of nervousness and uneasiness. While GABA occurs naturally in the body, it is also available as a dietary supplement.
In addition to blocking glutamate receptors in the brain, GABA may also modulate your brainwaves. Research suggests that GABA helps to increase alpha brainwaves which are believed to induce feelings of relaxation.
There has been some question as to whether GABA crosses the blood-brain barrier. Studies are mixed but none have used human subjects and there is currently no real way of measuring this in humans. To date, most studies that had overwhelmingly positive findings on GABA supplementation appear to have conflicts of interest.
50mg – 800mg daily
GABA References
Boonstra, E., Kleijn, R., Colzato L., Alkemade, A., Fortsmann, B.U., Nieuwenhuis, S. "Neurotransmitters as food supplements: the effects of GABA on brain and behavior" Frontiers in Psychology. 2015 Oct.
Boonstra, E., Kleijn, R., Colzato L., Alkemade, A., Fortsmann, B.U., Nieuwenhuis, S. "Relieving Occupational Fatigue by Consumption of a Beverage Containing γ-Amino Butyric Acid" Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 2011 Apr.
8. Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo Biloba is an herbal extract that derives from the ancient Maidenhair tree, which has been around for over 250 million years. It's therapeutic properties have been known in Chinese medicine for thousands of years, where it has been used as everything from a cough suppressant to a brain booster. It has also been extensively researched in modern times, with hundreds of studies published on its cognitive enhancing effects.
Ginkgo works in a few different ways. First, it helps to increase cerebral blood circulation by increasing the flow of oxygen and glucose to the brain's neurons. This helps to optimize mental functions like memory and cognition.
It also contains, EGb 761, which is a multifunctional neuroprotective agent. The protection is in part associated with the activation of the HO1/Nrf2 pathway. More specifically it contributes to the upregulation of VEGF and downregulation of inflammatory mediators such as astrocytes and microglia.
Warning: Ginkgo has been found to interact with other medications, so consult with your physician before taking it. Most notably, it can increase bleeding when taken with anticoagulants like platelet inhibitors.
Ginkgo References
Mix, J.A., Crews, W.D. "An examination of the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on the neuropsychologic functioning of cognitively intact older adults." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2000 June.
Kaschel, R. "Specific memory effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in middle-aged healthy volunteers." International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology. 2011 Nov.
Kennedy, D.O., Haskell, C.F., Mauri, P.L., Scholey, A.B. "Acute cognitive effects of standardised Ginkgo biloba extract complexed with phosphatidylserine." Human Psychopharmacology. 2007 Jun.
9. Ginseng
The term ginseng can technically refer to substances derived from the roots of several different closely related plants, all from the Panax genus — Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are the most popular sources. It is one of the oldest and most well-researched nootropic substances in the world, having been in use for thousands of years. Ginseng has long been known for its cognitive and mood-enhancing effects and there have been numerous clinical studies on its efficacy.
As an adaptogen, ginseng blocks the production of excitatory chemicals in the brain, helping to alleviate feelings of stress. It also modulates neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which is believed to assist with cognitive functions like your working memory and memory recall.
Stress and Relief
Improves Memory
Giseng References
Geng, J., Dong, J., Lee, M.S., Wu, T., Jiang, K., Wang, G., Zhou, A.L., Malouf, R. "Ginseng for cognition (review)" Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2010.
Reay, J.L., Kennedy, D.O., Scholey, A.B. "Effects of Panax ginseng, consumed with and without glucose, on blood glucose levels and cognitive performance during sustained 'mentally demanding' tasks." Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2006 Jan..
Reay, J.L., Scholey, A.B., Kennedy, D.O. "Panax ginseng (G115) improves aspects of working memory performance and subjective ratings of calmness in healthy young adults." Human Psychopharmacology. 2010 Aug.
Reay, J.L., Kennedy, D.O., Scholey, A.B. "Single doses of Panax ginseng (G115) reduce blood glucose levels and improve cognitive performance during sustained mental activity." Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2005 Jul.
(in impaired brains)
10. Huperzine-A
Huperzine-a is an alkaloid compound extracted from the Huperzia Serrata plant, which is native to China. In addition to being a mainstay in traditional Chinese medicine, its cognitive enhancing effects have also been investigated in contemporary western society, where researchers continue to investigate its effects on things like working memory and memory recall. Natural huperzine A is of limited supply, so it is mainly produced synthetically.
Huperzine-A works by protecting your brain from glutamate-induced neurotoxicity, which researchers believe may explain why it helps to improve cognitive functioning in Alzheimer patients.
It is important to mention that most studies have been performed on individuals with serious cognitive impairments, not on those with normally functioning brains. However, huperzine-a is currently being investigated by the U.S. military as a cognitive enhancing substance. Their findings have yet to be published.
Improves Cognition (only in those with certain mental impairments)
50mcg – 200 mcg
huperzine-a References
Yang, G., Wang, Y., Tian, J., Liu, J. "Huperzine A for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials" PloS One. 2013 Sep.
Xing, S., Zhu, C., Zhang, R., An, L. "Huperzine A in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia: A Meta-Analysis" Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2014 Feb.
11. L-Theanine
L-theanine is an amino acid that is most commonly found in tea leaves (it can also be found in certain types of fungi). It was first isolated from tea leaves in the late 1940s and its therapeutic effects have continued to be studied ever since. It is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and is utilized as a mood stabilizer in a variety of different dietary supplements. On its own, it helps to produce a calm, relaxed state of mind but when paired with caffeine, it helps to further stimulate the central nervous system.
L-theanine helps to increase the production of mood-stabilizing neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and GABA. These brain chemicals have a calming effect on your state of mind.
L-theanine is also believed to modulate your brain waves. In particular, it is thought to help increase alpha brain waves, which are believed to induce feelings of relaxation.
Improves Reaction Time (when combined w/ caffeine)
l-theanine References
Higashiyama, A., Htay, H., Ozeki, M., Juneja, M=L., Kapoor, M.P. "Effects of l-theanine on attention and reaction time response" Journal of Functional Foods. 2011 July.
Einother, S., Martens, V., Rycroft, J.A., De Bruin, E.A. "l-Theanine and caffeine improve task switching but not intersensory attention or subjective alertness" Apetite. 2010 Apr.
Lu, K., Gray, M.A., Oliver, C., Liley, David.T., Harrison, B.J., Bartholomeusz, C.F., Phan, K. L., Nathan, P.J. "The acute effects of L-theanine in comparison with alprazolam on anticipatory anxiety in humans" Human Pschopharmacology. 2004.
Kimura, K., Ozeki, M., Ohio, H. "L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses." Biological Psychology. 2006 Aug.


Ry Cooder is a musician's musician, a student of music if you will. He can play damn near anything too. His revival of Cuban music in the Buena Vista Social Club brought the world's attention back to a sound that had been all but forgotten outside of Cuba. Ry's spent a lifetime exploring the musical stylings of world musicians around the globe and he does it all with the enthusiasm of a kid. My favorite sound, when it comes to Ry is that lonely haunted guitar style that he's famous for and my favorite LP featuring a heaping helping of it is the soundtrack to Paris, Texas. It conjures a deserted Texas highway and broken down old gas stations and highway signs shot through with bullet holes. I listen to it when I'm city weary and claustrophobic. This LP wears well. I never tire of it and I've heard it a lot....a LOT.
"A BLACK ROUND GROOVY SHINY PLACE FOR VINYL"
Something Wild for Soundtrack week.
I'm a throwback, a Vinyl Geek, a Music Snoop, an audiophile. I work in a record store in Berkeley. I live in Berkeley with my mom and a cat named Pierre who hates me. I collect vinyl.


Everything has been done for you-no detail overlooked! 4BR/3.5BA. Fully finished on 3 levels. 2 fireplaces. Kitchen & all BAs are upgraded w/ Porcelanosa tiles. DR w/ French doors opening to a deck. Stunning hickory hardwood floors and staircase. Lots of light in ll. FR walks out to 2nd deck & landscaped yard. New windows,furnace, etc.Inside the beltway near WFC metro, walk to restaurants, shops.


Betty, a woman of about 60, is browsing for books in the local branch library. A group of youngsters, led by a scruffy 14 year old come in and harangue her and the library assistant Vicky, a woman in her thirties.
Betty is distressed, but despite the intervention of the library assistant, the youths continue to behave in a threatening way.
An older woman, Mair, appears from behind a bookshelf and watches the melee.
Prem laughed, opened a drawer of the desk and pulled out a bottle of vodka. He tapped out his response. "OK, OK." Then "Look, this site is amazing,' he pasted the url of the site into the message and pressed enter.
It was a sunny afternoon in May. Ali, a mixed race boy of fourteen, big for his age, should have been in school, but instead he was hiding behind the garages, chatting to Cindy. He liked Cindy; she was his friend, not like most of the other boys and girls on the estate and in school, who were horrible to him.
Ali made a grab for Cindy's new phone. "Gimme a look Cindy," he said.
The creature woke up; it was screaming silently, becoming aware that it existed as a presence inside its own skull. It was a bundle of bones, hanging with flesh.
Where was he? Who was he?
Ah! Yes. He was what was known as a man, on a planet known as Earth. A few hours earlier he'd lain on that bed next to a woman, a similar collection of flesh and bones. They'd been together, sharing their existence on that small blue planet for twenty-five of its years. His name was Ianto; her name was Siân.


The annual Woburn Holiday House Tour to benefit Social Capital Inc. is coming up on Sunday, December 10th, from 1:30 to 4:30 p.m. This enchanting holiday event allows guests the opportunity to share holiday cheer with neighbors and friends. We are featuring 5 homes this year, some of which have never before been featured! In addition, NuPath's lobby has been specially decorated to celebrate their 50 years of serving the community, and that will be one of the Tour starting locaitons. You won't want to miss it!
Tour goers also have the option to conclude the day's festivities with a wonderful wine tasting open house, with the tasting led by Jen Murray of The Urban Chef. The wine tasting event is being hosted by Joanne Mulkerin at her J. Mulkerin Realty office. The event will include a lineup of at least 5 wines to try, along with a variety of appetizers.
Tickets for the tour only are $20; tickets for the tour plus wine tasting open house are $40. You may also purchase a ticket for just the wine tasting open house for $25. Tickets for the tour and tasting are limited.
We encourage purchasing tickets in advance. You can buy tickets online using this link or by visiting Malvy's Flower and Gifts prior to noon on Saturday, December 9. Should you need to buy tickets at the door on Sunday, you can buy House Tour and/or Wine Tasting tickets at NuPath until 3 p.m., located at 147 New Boston St. People with tickets for the Tour can start the tour at NuPath, or the other starting home provided with the ticket purchase.
Tickets for the Wine Tasting will be available at the door at J. Mulkerin Realty when the event starts at 4 p.m. on Sunday.
Tickets may be purchased online using this link.


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The Game Escape
New Hottest Video Games for 2014
Video games are the most engaging form of entertainment that people spend hours playing. Also it is extremely popular not only among kids but also among people of all age groups. In this generation of gaming, video games have always remained to be the favorite. The action packed games have rocked the youth generations. Young people find themselves charged up as they indulge in fantastic and thrilling gaming hours. The craziness of the young people for the games has resulted in the release of new games in the markets. The action packed sequences are good means of entertainment for them. They can spend hours playing these games.
Madness for games is something that deserves special mention. The game freaks wait eagerly for the release of new games every year. Sometimes certain games become so popular that they are being released in consecutive series. The manufacturers of the games viewing the popularity of the particular series keep on releasing newer versions every year. Certain new games are also being launched on the basis of the popularity of a particular genre of games. Like most people prefer action games. The motion, excitement and the thrill of the games are simply awesome. The gamers need to stay updated about the latest gaming sensations.
The core gaming individuals are always well informed about the arrivals of latest video games in the markets. Likewise they wait eagerly for the release date of these games. Check out the latest gaming sensations that are soon going to rock the markets of video games in the upcoming year that is in 2014:
•Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain: This version of the latest release comes with more realistic configurations in the backdrop of the plains of new hottest video games for 2014. Gamers will be able to relate themselves with the weather as well as the day and night changes to conceal themselves from the enemies.
•Final Fantasy XV: This game is also based on the Xbox and PS4 gaming platforms. This time this game is going to be highly packed with greater action doses. It includes sequences of sword fights and also gun play actions. It is a fantasy based version of the modern times.
•Destiny: It is the original IP version from Bungie since Halo is being released back in 2001. This version is more likely to be multiplayer special online games. Players are supposed to face the enemies with some innovative weapons.
•Titanfall: This game is based in the background of a sci-fi universe where the players will be portraying the characters of soldiers. It is also a multiplayer based gaming variants.
These are the few descriptions of some popular games that are soon going to be released in the markets. You may be also familiar with some other games as well like Project Spark, Tom Clancy's The Division, The Crew and lots more.
Game lovers check the names of the games and select the one you are familiar with. Excitement will have no ends as you get ready for these gaming options.
Written by admin in: video games |
NEW WORKING ANIMAL JAM CODES SUMMER 2017
Which games would you play this Christmas?
Rezolution – About The Game
Welcome to 2175: A Dark Tomorrow
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SUZUKA, Japan — In his quest for a history-making fifth world championship, Lewis Hamilton took another step in completing the quest. Hamilton took his ninth win of the season and title rival Sebastian Vettel makes another the crucial mistake at Sunday's Japanese Grand Prix.
Remaining cautiously optimistic securing his fifth title which could be done at the next round in Austin Hamilton reflects on was a 'fun' day at the office.
Hamilton's fourth straight win now extends his lead to 67 points ahead of title rival Sebastian Vettel. Vettel started the race in eighth and was making a charge up the field, but things took a turn for Vettel after the Ferrari made contact with Red Bull driver Max Verstappen at Turn 14.
Verstappen had previously received a five second time penalty for an incident with Kimi Raikkonen Raikkonen at the start of the race.
However, Vettel still attempted to pass Verstappen with both drivers going wheel to wheel. As the two made contact, Vettel's car was sent spinning around into the runoff area and to the back on the grid.
Vettel would eventually make his way back up the field to end the race in sixth place.
Force India took a double points scoring finish with Sergio Perez taking seventh after battling Haas' Romain Grosjean, who finished eighth while Esteban Ocon in the second Force India finished ninth.
Grosjean lost teammate Kevin Magnussen after he made contact with the Sauber of Charles Leclerc on the main straight on lap 2. As a result of the contact with Magnussen, Leclerc would later retire from the race after encountering a mechanical issue that caused him to run wide at Turn 8 and 9 driving though the gravel before coming to a stop on the grass of Turn 10.
Renault's Carlos Sainz took the tenth and final points paying spot but lost teammate Nico Hulkenberg who was forced to retire after running into an unexplained issue with his Renault.
Pierre Gasly finished 11th ahead of the second Sauber of Marcus Ericsson in 12th and Toro Rosso teammate Brendon Hartley in 13th.
McLaren and Williams held the final four slots on the grid with Fernando Alonso and teammate Stoffel Vandoorne finishing 14th and 15th ahead of the Williams pair of Sergey Sirotkin and Lance Stroll in 16th and 17th.
With four races remaining in the season, Vettel's costly mistake has left him where he could be out reach of the championship two weeks from now in Austin. Vettel needs to finish second or better, if he is to have any chance of keeping the fight for the title alive.


Picture this… You're sitting in the stands under a blazing sun watching your favorite stock car driver zoom around the track. There isn't a breath of wind and you're pretty sure you're slowly melting into a puddle of sweat. But wait, what's this? The NASCAR fan next to you is barely sweating and doesn't smell like a 3-day-old pair of socks! How can this be? What secret to staying cool do they know that you have yet to uncover? Then you see it. In their hand is a punny paper fan that claims they are cool – both in temperature and in awesomeness! Desperate for relief, you inquire as to where they came by such a desirable item and learn it's the newest product from MadeCreatively. They go on to say that printing and assembling the fan was a breeze – no pun intended. Just when you think you're doomed to perennial perspiration beside this refreshed race fan, they pull a second fan out of their bag and give it to you! Suddenly, a cool breeze floats across your moist brow bringing relief from the sweltering heat like jumping into a swimming pool. Visiting MadeCreatively's website and getting these paper fans for yourself quickly jumps to the top of your To-Do list before next week's race! And maybe bring a few extras – just in case you find yourself sitting next to a sweaty spectator that reminds you of your former self before owning some of MadeCreatively's "Cool" Race Fans!
Disclaimer: While our paper fans are indeed awesome, they are not guaranteed to make you stop sweating or smell better! Also, we cannot guarantee that the race fan next to you will have an extra MadeCreatively paper fan to share with you. Be that person who shares with others!
So what's included in our "Cool" Race Fans? Three cleverly-designed paper fans that let fellow spectators know that not only are you cool (i.e. awesome) but when using these fans, you're also much cooler than they are. Assembly instructions are included! All you'll need is card stock paper, scissors and large self-adhesive tip craft sticks. We recommend laminating the fan for added durability before attaching to the craft stick. Visit the product page now!
Get yours today and be as cool as Beasley!


text:
Aussie shares slide after US President Donald Trump ramped up trade war tensions with China
American workers are begging Donald Trump to end the trade war with China after stocks plummeted for a second day as the President's tariff threats looms. Pic: AFP
James Hall and wiresnews.com.au
The Australian share market has fallen at the open after a dismal trading session on Wall Street overnight where investors were spooked by President Donald Trump's renewed tariff threat on China.
The benchmark ASX200 had lost nearly one per cent shortly after the day's trading began.
Mr Trump vowed to more than double the tariffs on $200 billion in Chinese goods from Friday as Beijing is being criticised for reneging on commitments made during months of talks that aimed to reduce the US trade deficit.
US negotiators also wanted China to clamp down on the theft of US technology and reduce its massive subsidies.
American businesses had been hopeful the trade war between the two major economies was coming to an end, but Mr Trump's comments spruiked fear in the stock market and sent the Dow Jones sliding by nearly 2 per cent — its second-biggest daily percentage drop of the year.
The Aussie market fell with it and all sectors on the ASX were in negative territory just 15 minutes after the open.
Traders work on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on May 6. The trading day started with stocks falling over fears of a trade war with China. Picture: AFP Source: AFP
"Over the course of the last week or so, we've seen an erosion in commitments by China, I would say, retreating from commitments that have already been made in our judgment," US trade representative Robert Lighthizer was quoted as saying in media reports on Monday.
He said the tariffs would increase on Friday.
US Treasury secretary Steven Mnuchin described the negotiations as 90 per cent complete but told reporters in recent days the talks had gone "substantially backward", according to the media reports.
Mr Trump vowed on Sunday to ratchet up existing tariffs this week and also extend the 25 per cent punitive duties to the remaining $350 billion in Chinese goods imported into the country each year.
Despite the tougher US rhetoric, China said on Tuesday its top trade negotiator, Vice Premier Liu He, would lead Beijing's delegation to the talks in Washington on Thursday and Friday, a day later than originally scheduled.
Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks in Beijing. Picture: AP Source: AP
"China always believes that mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit are the premise and the basis for reaching an agreement. Adding tariffs will not solve any problem," Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said at a regular media briefing.
FARMERS BEG TRUMP
American soy farmers have found themselves in the crosshairs of Chinese retaliation, and prolonging the battle will be even more damaging, American Soybean Association (ASA) president Davie Stephens said in a statement.
Stephens, a grower from Clinton, Kentucky, said "farmers are in a desperate situation. We need a positive resolution of this ongoing tariff dispute, not further escalation of tensions." China is a key market for US soy bean exports, but last year sales plunged by about 75 per cent compared with 2017 to just over $3 billion, after China retaliated against US farmers with 25 per cent tariffs.
Mr Stephens said prices already were depressed, so "we need the China market reopened to US soybean exports within weeks, not months or longer" and before the 2019 harvest begins in September.
The trade war is hurting American farmers who have begged US President Donald Trump to end it. Pic: AFP Source: AFP
"The financial and emotional toll on US soybean farmers cannot be ignored."
The chemical industry is facing similar difficulties and also called for the White House to work fast.
"The risks of continuing to use tariffs as a negotiating tactic with China are simply too high — and any potential benefits still unclear," American Chemistry Council president Cal Dooley said in a statement.
"China supplies the United States with several chemicals which are not available anywhere else and which are critical inputs to US manufacturing," he added, noting that China is also is the number three US export market.
GROWTH FEARS
The tensions have renewed fears the trade war could spill over into the global economy.
Speaking in Paris, International Monetary Fund chief Christine Lagarde said "tensions between the United States and China are the threat for the world economy".
Oxford Economics warned escalating the tariffs to the remaining Chinese goods, which would be expected to spark further retaliation from Beijing, would cut 0.3 percentage points off US growth.
But William Reinsch, a trade policy expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, cautioned that China would never meet all the US demands, which complicates Mr Trump's strategy.
"The most important things are the things the Chinese won't give," he told AFP, including reducing subsidies and subjecting state-owned enterprises to market forces.
"The Chinese are not going to do either of those things," so "the path to political victory for him is a narrow one," he added.
Continue the conversation on Twitter @James_P_Hall or james.hall1@news.com.au


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🧑💼
What Major League Baseball player played 2 sports in college?
Q: What Major League Baseball player played 2 sports in college?
Do you have to go to college to be a major league baseball player?
no you can get drafted out of high school
What Major League Baseball player has played for the most teams in Major League Baseball history?
Which player has played in the little league NCAA and MLB world series?
Ed Vosberg and Jason Varitek were the only baseball players to appear in the Little League World Series, the College World Series and Major League Baseball's World Series.
How many females have played Major League Baseball?
None, there has never been a female player in Major League baseball.
Which Japanese Major League baseball player played for the Yomiuri Giants?
What are the chances of becoming a Major League Baseball player?
Only a few people will go on to play Major League Baseball. If you practice hard and make it into college baseball your chances will be higher.
Who is a major league player who played in the nba nfl and Major League Baseball?
Michael Jordan almost did he played Mlb, Nba, and golf!
Do you have to go to college to become a professional baseball player?
No, major league players come from all ranks, high school, community college and full colleges. In the past, some major league players were still in high school, or dropped out of school and played. Not recommended.
What player has played in the most major league baseball world series?
Yogi Berra.
What major league baseball player has played the most postseason games?
derek jeeter
What major league baseball player has played the most winning games?
What was madonna's role in a league of their own?
baseball player She played "All the way May"


If you're looking for some of the most unusual, and rare, of 1:160 N scale kitbuilding experiences, or getting that 'one of a kind' model finished the way you've always wanted, you've found the right place! I've been in N scale since 1972, and making kits and models on a very limited basis for the last several years. It's steadily growing, and now we're here!
I've been scratchbuilding for years, and recent developments in materials and techniques have allowed me to share my models with others.
I've enjoyed researching and producing unusual models that have never been made before in N scale, and could never afford to be mass-produced.
The introduction of the Kato "B Train" 11-105 chassis began a series of scratchbuilding experiments that culminated in the development of a series of copyrighted conversion kits for this extraordinary and inexpensive chassis. The newest Tomytec chassis series started another line based on that high-quality product.
Each model is developed over months of time, by hand. Master parts are produced, and molds and engravings are made. Parts are made of cast resin, cast low-temperature casting metal, and photoengraved brass.
The resin models are hand-poured and trimmed, and often include options specific to different prototype variations. They fit over existing commercial chassis offered by various companies such as Kato and Tomytec of Japan with as little modification as possible, usually limited to disassembly and material removal.
Each conversion kit includes a set of instructions that have been considered 'the best'. I load them up with all the information I can, include all the close-up assembly photos available, and then produce an Adobe Acrobat instruction set that I can send you via e-mail BEFORE you ever order the kit, to make sure you feel comfortable with the skills and tools required. No surprises!
While I always try to have a few kits and models in inventory, please contact me in advance to check on availability. See 'Ordering' for details.
I've been selling conversion kits and finished models on Ebay for nearly seven years, and am proud of the positive reaction and feedback of my customers. It's only that support and encouragement that has led me to list the kits on a regular basis here.
These are NOT TOYS, and are certainly not recommended for children, or for the parts and/or models to be left in unsupervised areas. They contain very small parts and delicate parts for both the kits and finished models.


In this column, I am going to use three of the current top news stories to illustrate the disconnect that is everywhere in the Western mind.
The horror of children locked up in warehouses operated by private businesses making a profit off of US taxpayers, while parents are prosecuted for illegal entry, woke even self-satisfied "exceptional and indispensable" Americans out of their stupor. It is a mystery that the Trump regime chose to discredit its border enforcement policy by separating families. Perhaps the policy was intended to deter illegal immigration by sending the message that if you come to America your children will be taken from you.
We now move to the second example: Washington's withdrawal from the United Nations Human Rights Council.
On November 2, 1917, two decades prior to the holocaust attributed to National Socialist Germany, British Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour wrote to Lord Rothschild that Great Britain supported Palestine becoming a Jewish homeland. In other words, the corrupt Balfour dismissed the rights and lives of the millions of Palestinians who had occupied Palestine for two millennia or more. What were these people compared to Rothschild's money? They were nothing to the British Foreign Secretary.
Balfour's attitude toward the rightful inhabitants of Palestine is the same as the British attitude toward the peoples in every colony or territory over which British power prevailed. Washington learned this habit and has consistently repeated it.
Just the other day Trump's UN ambassador Nikki Haley, the crazed and insane lapdog of Israel, announced that Washington had withdrawn from the UN Human Rights Council because it is "a cesspool of political bias" against Israel.
What did the UN Human Rights Council do to warrant this rebuke from Israel's agent, Nikki Haley? The Human Rights Council denounced Israel's policy of murdering Palestinians—medics, young children, mothers, old women and old men, fathers, teenagers.
To criticize Israel, no matter how great and obvious is Israel's crime, means that you are an anti-semite and a "holocaust denier." For Nikki Haley and Israel, this places the UN Human Rights Council in the Hitler-worshipping Nazi ranks.
The absurdity of this is obvious, but few, if any, can detect it. Yes, the rest of the world, with the exception of Israel, has denounced Washington's decision, not only Washington's foes and the Palestinians but also Washington's puppets and vassals as well.
A spokesperson for the European Union said that Washington's withdrawal from the UN Human Rights Council "risks undermining the role of the US as a champion and supporter of democracy on the world stage." Can anyone imagine a more idiotic statement? Washington is known as a supporter of dictatorships that adhere to Washington's will. Washington is known as a destroyer of every Latin American democracy that elected a president who represented the people of the country and not the New York banks, US commercial interests, and US foreign policy.
Margot Wallstrom, Sweden's Foreign Minister, said: "It saddens me that the US has decided to withdraw from the UN Human Rights Council. It comes at a time when the world needs more human rights and a stronger UN – not the opposite." Why in the world does Wallstrom think that the presence of Washington, a known destroyer of human rights—just ask the millions of refugees from Washington's war crimes overrunning Europe and Sweden—on the Human Rights Council would strengthen rather than undermine the Council? Wallstrom's disconnect is awesome. It is so extreme as to be unbelievable.
In The Failure of Laissez Faire Capitalism, I exposed the extraordinary error made by Matthew J. Slaughter, a member of President George W. Bush's Council of Economic Advisers, who incompetently claimed that for every US job offshored two US jobs were created. I also exposed as a hoax a "study" by Harvard University professor Michael Porter for the so-called Council on Competitiveness, a lobby group for offshoring, that made the extraordinary claim that the US workforce was benefitting from the offshoring of their high productivity, high value-added jobs.
To sum this up, the Western mind, and the minds of the Atlanticist Integrationist Russians and pro-American Chinese youth are so full of propagandistic nonsense that there is no connection to reality.


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Our Work >
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Tours >
U.S. National Tour: Spring 2018
Theological Seminars
"A seminary delegation to El Salvador is the ultimate integration of theory and practice, of words and living Word. Students prepare in the classroom by discussing theology, politics, culture and economics and then move into the actual experience to figure out how to embody a prophetic, gospel imperative in the midst of grotesque poverty and devastating injustice." -Dr. Marcia Bailey, Faculty at Colgate, Rochester, Crozer Divinity School
With the legacy of martyrs like Archbishop Oscar Romero and Father Rutilio Grande ever present, El Salvador provides an incredibly rich environment for studying and experiencing first-hand the struggle for social justice through the lens of Latin American liberation theology. With this in mind, SHARE invites you to organize a Theological Seminar to El Salvador and to be immersed in the day to day struggle for liberation among the Salvadoran people.
SHARE organizes and facilitates one to two-week theological seminars in El Salvador. This life-changing experience is a unique opportunity to bring the classroom into the real world. Seminar participants learn about key issues facing the Salvadoran people today, speak with Salvadorans struggling for justice and human rights, learn about liberation theology and faith-based responses to poverty and oppression, visit important historical sites, and talk with members of faith communities seeking sustainable alternatives for their country.
Through dialogue with these inheritors of the legacy of Romero, students see how the praxis of liberation theology plays out across the borders of nationality, language, class and race. They experience first hand the process of inviting all types of communities–religious, neighborhood, economic, gender–to analize their own reality and to devise strategies for becoming "subjects of their own history, rather than objects of someone else's history." In the Salvadoran faith communities included in this seminar, this process has led to an inspiring emphasis on the "rediscovery and reconstitution of the prophetic, utopian community of primitive Christianity."( UCA professor Soyapa Perez).
This kind of immersion and meaningful interaction with Salvadoran people and communities provides an exciting practical context for students trying to understand today's multi-cultural society and religion. In addition, it gives them an invaluable basis for developing their own strategies for ministry.
SHARE El Salvador staff will work closely with professors, students, and faculty to plan the seminar itinerary. Possibilities include:
A visit to sacred sites such as Archbishop Oscar Romero's home and tomb, the Memorial Wall to the Civil War, the Romero Museum, and the Rose Garden dedicated to the memory of the Jesuit Martyrs at the University of Central America.
"In a world where diversity is often an excuse for hatred and a trigger for violence, Drew students learn to use diversity as a key to unlock the mysteries of a God beyond individual understanding, who is revealed more fully through our shared faith and experience." former Theological Seminar participant
Visits to Christian Base Communities to learn about the history and commitment of base communities and experience their ongoing struggle for justice
Meetings with various groups that organize and lead the Salvadoran social movement around issues such as women's and youth rights, environmental justice, and human rights activism.
Meetings with religious leaders of different faiths and social visions.
An overnight home-stay in a community of faith. Immersion into the daily life of a Salvadoran families and learn about how they live out their faith amidst their day to day joys and struggles.
Meetings with theologians to discuss theology through the lens of the Salvadoran reality
Visits to cooperatives or grassroots organizations involved in local development and the creation of alternative economic models.
Meetings with organizations that lead the Salvadoran social movement around issues such as environmental justice and human rights activism.
Visit to a National Park or Reserve to take in the natural beauty of El Salvador
SHARE has hosted delegations for thirty years and can lead you through the planning process, step by step. We work closely with seminar organizers to plan the itinerary and prepare the group for the delegation. For more information, please read the The SHARE Foundation Theological Seminars in El Salvador and contact us at delegations@share-elsalvador.org
Current Theological Partners:
Drew University, Madison, NJ
Drew University's Masters in Theology Program organizes theological seminars to El Salvador every two years as a part of a cross-cultural course.
Pacific School of Religion, Berkeley, CA
As a part of its contextual learning focus, PSR has organized several theological seminars to El Savlador. One student reflects on her experience in El Salvador: it "enabled me to experience liberation theology as its being lived, not just through reading about it."
Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School, Rochester, NY
Colgate Rochester was the founding member of the theological school consortium program.
Bellarmine University, Louisville, KY
SHARE El Salvador
2425 College Ave,
SHARE strengthens solidarity with and among the Salvadoran people in El Salvador and the United States in the struggle for economic sustainability, justice, and human and civil rights.
To transform society, SHARE increases the capacity of organized communities and their partners through our model of mutual accompaniment.


text:
<?php

namespace spec\Gesdinet\JWTRefreshTokenBundle\Command;

use Gesdinet\JWTRefreshTokenBundle\Model\RefreshTokenInterface;
use Gesdinet\JWTRefreshTokenBundle\Model\RefreshTokenManagerInterface;
use PhpSpec\ObjectBehavior;
use Prophecy\Argument;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerInterface;

class ClearInvalidRefreshTokensCommandSpec extends ObjectBehavior
{
    public function it_is_initializable()
    {
        $this->shouldHaveType('Gesdinet\JWTRefreshTokenBundle\Command\ClearInvalidRefreshTokensCommand');
    }

    public function it_is_a_command()
    {
        $this->shouldHaveType('Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Command\ContainerAwareCommand');
    }

    public function it_has_a_name()
    {
        $this->getName()->shouldReturn('gesdinet:jwt:clear');
    }

    public function it_clears_invalid_refresh_tokens(ContainerInterface $container, InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output, RefreshTokenManagerInterface $refreshTokenManager, RefreshTokenInterface $revokedToken)
    {
        $container->get('gesdinet.jwtrefreshtoken.refresh_token_manager')->shouldBeCalled()->willReturn($refreshTokenManager);
        $refreshTokenManager->revokeAllInvalid(Argument::any())->shouldBeCalled()->willReturn(array($revokedToken));

        $output->writeln(Argument::any())->shouldBeCalled();

        $this->setContainer($container);
        $this->run($input, $output);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub