The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Modulates Production of Cytokines and Reactive Oxygen Species and Development of Myocarditis during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection.
Barroso A, Gualdrón-López M, Esper L, Brant F, Araújo RR, Carneiro MB, Ávila TV, Souza DG, Vieira LQ, Rachid MA, Tanowitz HB, Teixeira MM, Machado FS.
Infect Immun. 2016 Sep 19;84(10):3071-82. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00575-16. Print 2016 Oct.
Experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection in platelet-activating factor receptor-deficient mice.
Talvani A, Santana G, Barcelos LS, Ishii S, Shimizu T, Romanha AJ, Silva JS, Soares MB, Teixeira MM.
Differential susceptibility to acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice is not associated with a distinct parasite load but cytokine abnormalities.
Roggero E, Perez A, Tamae-Kakazu M, Piazzon I, Nepomnaschy I, Wietzerbin J, Serra E, Revelli S, Bottasso O.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2002 Jun;128(3):421-8.
Kinetics of cytokine gene expression in experimental chagasic cardiomyopathy: tissue parasitism and endogenous IFN-gamma as important determinants of chemokine mRNA expression during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi.
Talvani A, Ribeiro CS, Aliberti JC, Michailowsky V, Santos PV, Murta SM, Romanha AJ, Almeida IC, Farber J, Lannes-Vieira J, Silva JS, Gazzinelli RT.
5-lipoxygenase is a key determinant of acute myocardial inflammation and mortality during Trypanosoma cruzi infection.
Pavanelli WR, Gutierrez FR, Mariano FS, Prado CM, Ferreira BR, Teixeira MM, Canetti C, Rossi MA, Cunha FQ, Silva JS.
Microbes Infect. 2010 Aug;12(8-9):587-97. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2010.03.016. Epub 2010 Apr 8.
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 modulates the immune response profile and development of experimental cerebral malaria.
Brant F, Miranda AS, Esper L, Gualdrón-López M, Cisalpino D, de Souza DDG, Rachid MA, Tanowitz HB, Teixeira MM, Teixeira AL, Machado FS.
Brain Behav Immun. 2016 May;54:73-85. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.01.002. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
NADPH oxidase inhibition ameliorates Trypanosoma cruzi-induced myocarditis during Chagas disease.
J Pathol. 2011 Dec;225(4):583-96. doi: 10.1002/path.2975. Epub 2011 Sep 26.
Pivotal role of interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma axis in controlling tissue parasitism and inflammation in the heart and central nervous system during Trypanosoma cruzi infection.
Michailowsky V, Silva NM, Rocha CD, Vieira LQ, Lannes-Vieira J, Gazzinelli RT.
Am J Pathol. 2001 Nov;159(5):1723-33.
Calderón J, Maganto-Garcia E, Punzón C, Carrión J, Terhorst C, Fresno M.
PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(7):e1002799. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002799. Epub 2012 Jul 12.
Increased Trypanosoma cruzi invasion and heart fibrosis associated with high transforming growth factor beta levels in mice deficient in alpha(2)-macroglobulin.
Waghabi MC, Coutinho CM, Soeiro MN, Pereira MC, Feige JJ, Keramidas M, Cosson A, Minoprio P, Van Leuven F, Araújo-Jorge TC.
Perforin-expressing cytotoxic cells contribute to chronic cardiomyopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi infection.
Silverio JC, de-Oliveira-Pinto LM, da Silva AA, de Oliveira GM, Lannes-Vieira J.
Int J Exp Pathol. 2010 Feb;91(1):72-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2009.00670.x. Epub 2009 Oct 28.
Trypanosoma cruzi: IL-10, TNF, IFN-gamma, and IL-12 regulate innate and acquired immunity to infection.
Administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces immunomodulation, recruitment of T regulatory cells, reduction of myocarditis and decrease of parasite load in a mouse model of chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy.
Vasconcelos JF, Souza BS, Lins TF, Garcia LM, Kaneto CM, Sampaio GP, de Alcântara AC, Meira CS, Macambira SG, Ribeiro-dos-Santos R, Soares MB.
FASEB J. 2013 Dec;27(12):4691-702. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-229351. Epub 2013 Aug 20. Erratum in: FASEB J. 2015 Nov;29(11):4756.
Persistent production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and associated MHC and adhesion molecule expression at the site of infection and disease in experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infections.
IL-17 produced during Trypanosoma cruzi infection plays a central role in regulating parasite-induced myocarditis.
da Matta Guedes PM, Gutierrez FR, Maia FL, Milanezi CM, Silva GK, Pavanelli WR, Silva JS.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010 Feb 16;4(2):e604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000604.
IFN-gamma, but not nitric oxide or specific IgG, is essential for the in vivo control of low-virulence Sylvio X10/4 Trypanosoma cruzi parasites.
Marinho CR, Nuñez-Apaza LN, Martins-Santos R, Bastos KR, Bombeiro AL, Bucci DZ, Sardinha LR, Lima MR, Alvarez JM.
Scand J Immunol. 2007 Aug-Sep;66(2-3):297-308.
Trypanosoma cruzi-infected cardiomyocytes produce chemokines and cytokines that trigger potent nitric oxide-dependent trypanocidal activity.
Machado FS, Martins GA, Aliberti JC, Mestriner FL, Cunha FQ, Silva JS.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor partially repairs the damage provoked by Trypanosoma cruzi in murine myocardium.
González MN, Dey N, Garg NJ, Postan M.
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Jugoda heterogena är en insektsart som beskrevs av Schmidt 1927. Jugoda heterogena ingår i släktet Jugoda och familjen Lophopidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Halvvingar
heterogena

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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By: Elyanna Saperstein |
A Touro Take: My Experience Working at the YU Seforim Sale
By: Elyanna Saperstein | Opinions | March 1, 2020
YU has been at the center of my underdeveloped religious consciousness ever since I can remember having an underdeveloped religious consciousness. It's where my rebbeim came from, where the people I admire studied and where the biggest Jewish ideological debates today are fought. I personally don't come from a Modern Orthodox family or background — my brother wears a black hat, and a couple of years ago you would have found in me in my post-Bais Yaakov right-wing Modern Orthodox-machmir high school, and later seminary. Even now, I attend Lander College for Women, a college known as a bastion of the yeshivish world. It therefore surprised most people where I spent my February nights — proudly wearing my YU Seforim Sale staff sweatshirt and manning my beloved section, "scholarly and academic works."
The mess that I call my own hashkafa — a mad mix between the chareidi and modern orthodox ideals in an attempt at a truth — is beautifully reflected in the books of my section. Books with conflicting ideas and ideologies juxtaposed on each other as if in a dialogue, all in a quest to uncover truth. From treatises on Halacha and its process to biblical criticism and rabbinic responses, the academic section has the privilege of being one of the most diverse sections in the entire seforim sale. To the best of my knowledge, I am the first and only student to work at the Seforim Sale from my institution of higher learning, and one of the few Seforim Sale staff members not currently attending YU (shoutout to Yael Cohnen). Despite my outsider status, I feel distinctly at home in between the stacks of books, their singularity mirroring my own experience.
It's been a fascinating experience to be able to participate in an activity usually reserved for insiders of a highly-specific university community. I had anxieties that I doubt many other students had to face unique to my situation like, "how do I get into a YU building? What if security stops me? Where even are the buildings?" To my surprise, people were friendly, security wasn't an issue as long as I had my license and everyone seemed eager to help me find whatever I needed. It seems that a shared love of books is a strong binder. And along with the unique downsides of working at the Seforim Sale as an outsider (like trying to fit my very non-YU schedule into Seforim Sale slots) there are amazing upsides too. I have gotten to know people truly passionate about Torah, experienced new and nuanced perspectives, spent lots of time around incredible (and controversial) books and am being paid in seforim (which is obviously the best perk).
I want to take this opportunity and platform to say thank you to my friends who encouraged my love of books (and wrote ridiculously long emails to various Seforim Sale admins to try and get me an interview) and to the people who encouraged me to apply to the Seforim Sale despite going to the "wrong" school. Most of all, I am grateful to all the people who decided to look outside the YU bubble and invite me into their world filled with Torah, books and the wonderful experience that is the seforim sale.
Photo caption: It therefore surprises most people where I spent my February nights — proudly wearing my YU seforim sale staff sweatshirt and manning my beloved section, "scholarly and academic works."
Photo credit: YU Commentator

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


During his reign, Julius Caesar did everything possible to systematically expand the empire's territory. To achieve this he fought numerous battles with many tribes living not only near southern Roman borders. The expansion also regarded eastern and northern terrains. Among the tribes, which Caesar defeated, was the Celtic tribe of Gauls.
The Gaul inhabited by Celtic tribes had been a terrain, which Rome tried make dependent on the Empire. It was much easier due to the political relations between tribes, because the Celts, despite ethnic and cultural unity, failed to establish a single, united country. Most of the population, who worked as farmers, were dependant on tribes' aristocracy, who fought against each other. As a result, two important tribe centres were created. The first of them was gathered around the Sequani and the second aroung the Haeduans, who were Rome's associates. The situation in Gaul became more complicated, when new tribes appeared - Celtic Helvetii and the German Suevi. The latest helped the Sequani in their fights against the Haeduans and settled around Rhine, in the area of Alsace. Caesar's help was requested by the Haeduans and he used it as an excuse to interfere in Gaul's matter and under the cover of defending Celtic tribes from the Germans' attack conquer Gaul. Caesar, reinforced by Celtic troops, first defeated Helvetii and forced them to withdraw from Gaul. Then he attacked the Suevi and made them leave Gaul and settle somehere far from Rhine. Reinforced by new legions all the time, Caesar decided to conquer the terrain of today Belgium. Then he attacked today Brittany and conquered Aquitaine. Despite the conquest of Gaul hasn't been finished yet, the information which were arriving to Rome from Gaul exaggerated Ceasar's achievements, who has looted much during this campaign.
When Rome has suffered an utter prestige loss on its Eastern border, Caesar steadily improved the Roman reign in Gaul. To prevent another German's attack he crossed Rhein and crushed German tribes, which inhabited that area. Then he set out to Britain, to prevent Celts from helping their fellow-tribesmen on the Continent. Meanwhile, the Roman rule and its results like multiple wars and contributions and obligatory national service caused unhappiness and disorders in Gaul. Rome's enemies became very popular at that time.
Caesar managed to fight the revolt in 54 and 53 BC down, but the information, that Caesar's position is becoming weaker all the time has mobilised Celts to start fights. When Caesar was absent the uprising has spread on the whole Gaul and Vercingetorix, the Arverni chieftan, became its leader. He managed to rise above the idea of small tribes and unite all Celts in a common cause. Caesar returned to Gaul, reinforced by new armies, but was defeated in his first battle and had to flee south, towards the Roman border. It seemed, that this time the Romans would return home with nothing and this defeat would finish Caesar's career. But the Romans were attacked by Vercingetorix's army and won this battle. He managed to crush the chieftan's cavalry with German mercenaries and surrounded him in one of his strongholds. The Gauls tried to free their leader many times, but Caesar was already fortified and fought all of them back and when the people in the fortress started to die of starvation Vercingetorix surrendered in 52 BC. With this victory and taking Vercingetorix captive the uprising was finished and Caesar could start organising the newly conquered country. Now its army and money were at his disposal. And Caesar surely needed them, because in Rome his situation became unfavourable due to Pompei's agreement with the senate.


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Category Archives: Fine Arts
Recent Falun Gong Events — "My Heart Melted in the Artworks"
Posted on October 9, 2016 by wnel	• Posted in Falun Gong, Fine Arts	• Tagged Art Exhibition, rally	• Leave a comment
(Minghui.org) Practitioners of Falun Dafa (also known as Falun Gong) around the world have held public events for more than a decade to raise awareness and call for help in ending the persecution of the practice in China.
This newsletter covers four events that took place in England, the U.S.A., Canada, and Croatia during the past two weeks.
Rally and March in London Call for Ending the Persecution
Practitioners in London held a march and rally in the downtown area on October 1, 2016, to expose the facts of the persecution, especially the state-sanctioned organ harvesting from living practitioners in China. They also called upon the Chinese government to investigate the former communist head, Jiang Zemin, for his crimes in the persecution. Many people signed the petition during the event to support Falun Gong's peaceful resistance.
Rally in front of the Chinese embassy.
March in downtown and Chinatown.
The rally was held in front of the Chinese embassy in the morning. Several practitioners told the public about their own experiences of being tortured in China.
The march kicked off at noon, after the rally, and proceeded along Regent Street, Piccadilly Circus, and Chinatown, ending at Trafalgar Square, where practitioners held a 5-hour long exercise demonstration and signature collection activity.
Demonstrating exercises and collecting signatures at Trafalgar Square.
Signature Campaign in Downtown San Francisco
Practitioners from San Francisco, U.S.A., held a similar event on October 1, 2016. They also focused on exposing the forced organ harvesting in China.
After the a group exercise demonstration at Union Square in the morning, several hundred practitioners went numerous tourists spots, where they talked to people, passed out materials, and collected signatures.
Small-scale march and signature collection in Golden Gate Park.
Thomas Recuiter and his wife were terrified upon hearing about the brutal forced organ harvesting atrocity. They could not believe that such crimes were happening in the 21st century. Tom video filmed their conversation with practitioners, and broadcast it live on his Facebook account.
Thomas Recuiter and his wife thanked the practitioners for telling the public about the persecution.
Tom said, "This is anti-humanity. It is like a horror movie," He said he hoped that his friends, a thousand of them, would watch the video clip on Facebook.
Pete (second from right) and his friends from Europe strongly condemned the organ harvesting.
Truthfulness-Compassion-Forbearance Art Exhibition on Canadian College Campus
The Art of Zhen, Shan, Ren International Exhibition was held on the campus of the University of Fraser Valley in British Columbia, one of the largest public universities in Canada with 15 thousand students, on September 25th through October 1st. All of the artworks were created by Falun Gong practitioners.
The artworks deeply touched the students and faculty and were highly praised by local artists. A few art professors took their entire classes to the exhibition.
What touched many viewers the most was the peaceful yet powerful spirit of Falun Gong practitioners manifested in the artworks, and the contrast of compassion and forbearance against the violence of the persecution.
Pouis Cloute said she felt sad that such evilness still existed in the world, but happy at the same time because she saw the uplifting of humanity too.
One of the guests said that he learned a lot from the artworks and hoped that more people can see them. "My heart just melted in the artworks," he said.
Signature Campaign in Croatia
Practitioners from Croatia held a signature campaign in downtown Rijeka, the third largest city in the nation, on September 29, 2016, calling for help in stopping the forced organ harvesting in China. The local residents strongly supported the peaceful resistance. People said they were touched by practitioners' efforts. A few visitors, after signing the petition, helped practitioners pass out flyers and talk to passersby.
Signing the petition to condemn the persecution.
One gentleman said to practitioners, "I can sense the strong positive energy around you. I feel good, and want to stay with you." He did stay for a long time, learning more about Falun Gong and the persecution.
Related articles in Chinese:
"身心融化在这纯洁的艺术中"(图)
旧金山民众签名谴责中共活摘罪恶(图)
克罗地亚民众签名声援法轮功(图)
Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra Plays to Full House at First Stop in Taiwan
Posted on September 23, 2016 by wnel	• Posted in Fine Arts	• Tagged Shen Yun, Taiwan	• Leave a comment
September 22, 2016 | By Minghui correspondent Tang En
(Minghui.org) After debuting in Japan, the Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra headed to Taiwan and kicked off a 12-city, 2-week tour in Taoyuan at the Zhongli Arts Hall on September 17, 2016.
The orchestra played to a full house despite the tropical storm brought by typhoon Malakas. The concert concluded with thunderous applause and a lengthy standing ovation, with the performers taking nine bows during a curtain call.
Vocal performance by tenor Tian Ge (left), with conductor Milen Nachev (right)
Soprano Geng Haolan performs a solo
Trio of erhu soloists Qi Xiaochun (right), Sun Lu (middle), and Wang Zhen (left)
Violinist Fiona Zheng plays a solo
Warm Welcome from 24 Taiwanese Elected Officials
The Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra received recognition and welcome letters from 24 elected officials in Taiwan
Calligraphy banners from various city mayors. The mayor of Taipei, Ko Wen-je (upper left), provided a banner that reads "An Artistic Feast"; the mayor of Taoyuan, Cheng Wen-tsan (upper right), "Music from the Heavens"; the mayor of Taichung, Lin Chia-lung (lower left), "A Great Success"; and the mayor of Tainan, Lai Ching-te (lower right), "Expression of Beautiful Sounds."
Mayor of Taoyuan: "A Great Musical Feast"
Cheng Wen-tsan, Mayor of Taoyuan City, at the Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra concert at Zhongli Arts Hall on September 17
"It's a great musical feast," said Cheng Wen-tsan, Mayor of Taoyuan City, after attending the concert at the Zhongli Arts Hall on September 17.
"Every piece is very good, " Mayor Cheng said. He also noted that the Chinese and Western instruments were "combined very well."
Conductor: "Combination of Creativity and Tradition"
Mao Pei-rong, conductor of the Taoyuan Yueh-Yo Chinese Chamber Orchestra
"The music is touching to people because the melodies have a strong affinity, and people are moved because of it," said Ms. Mao Pei-rong, conductor for the Taoyuan Yueh-Yo Chinese Chamber Orchestra.
From the perspective of a professional musician, Ms. Mao shared, "[The orchestra] has made a stride forward with this combination of creativity and tradition."
"The music conveys to us how the universe is part of our everyday life," she said. "And your soul follows it and the melodies stay in your mind, making you feel very comfortable."
Ms. Mao also expressed her wish to see the symphony orchestra put on more performances in Taiwan, for it would "purify people's hearts" and "make changes in society."
"This is the Remedy for the 21st Century"
Chuang Hsiu-mei, Director General of the Department of Cultural Affairs in Taoyuan
"The music of Shen Yun has very deep philosophical meanings. This kind of music can be felt directly by the heart. It can touch and target one's heart without much explanation," said Chuang Hsiu-mei, the Director General of the Department of Cultural Affairs in Taoyuan.
"This is the remedy for the 21st century," she said of the traditional values that Shen Yun presents, such as being in harmony with nature.
"It Has Opened Up My Entire Body and Soul"
Li Shih-ying, President of Science City Community University in Hsinchu
"I could feel the grand atmosphere and the beauty of blending Chinese and Western instruments," said Li Shih-ying, President of the Science City Community University in Hsinchu.
"When I closed my eyes to enjoy it, it really felt like heaven," Ms. Li shared her feelings. "I could say that it has opened up my entire body and soul."
The Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra will continue their Taiwan tour with performances in Keelung on September 21, Yilan on September 22, Tainan on September 24, and Yunlin on September 26. For more information on tickets and dates, please visit ShenYun.com/symphony.
Category: Shen Yun Performing Arts
Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra Debuts 2016 Asia Tour in Tokyo, Japan
Posted on September 21, 2016 by wnel	• Posted in Fine Arts	• Tagged Japan, Shen Yun, Tokyo	• Leave a comment
September 18, 2016 | By Minghui correspondent Zheng Yuyan
(Minghui.org) The Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra began its 2016 concert tour by presenting its unique blend of East and West to a full-house audience in Tokyo Japan, on the afternoon of September 15.
As part of the New York-based Shen Yun Performing Arts, the Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra has toured North America each autumn since 2012. This year it will perform in 13 cities in Japan and Taiwan in addition to the North American stops on the tour.
The Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra debuts its Asia Tour at the Tokyo Opera City Concert Hall with a matinee performance on September 15, 2016.
Violinist Fiona Zheng performs a solo piece.
Radio Station Host: "Extraordinarily Touched"
Radio station host Miyosa Takahashi.
Radio station host Ms. Miyosa Takahashi said, "I felt extraordinarily touched… from the top of my head all the way to my toes."
"I felt uplifted and embraced by a powerful energy," Ms. Takahashi said. She said the music was "combined perfectly" and "really wonderful."
She also commented on the dedication of the performers, "They were so immersed in their performance that they seemed to become part of the musical instruments."
Stage Producer: "Grand" and "Unique"
Stage producer Hatsune Miku
Stage producer Hatsune Miku commented, "Very unique… It is hard to find music this good."
"Very grand and refreshing," Ms. Miku said. "The entire music seemed to be looking down from above. It is at a high level and flying in the sky."
She also shared her inspiration, "Classical music and traditional culture must be preserved. It is our responsibility to save something this excellent for future generations."
"Refreshing" and "Exquisite"
Takao Toda, director general of Human Development Department at the International Cooperation Agency of Japan (JICA)
Dr. Takao Toda, director general of the Human Development Department of the International Cooperation Agency of Japan (JICA) said of the performance, "The grace of the East was accentuated by the magnificent power of the Western instruments. It is indeed simply exquisite."
"Never did I imagine that such distinct Eastern and Western melodies could be performed by the same musicians," Dr. Toda said of Shen Yun's combination of East and West. "I am truly amazed at their high level of professionalism."
"It was truly a refreshing experience!" he stressed.
"Magnificent" and "Powerful"
Isao Yoshikawa, an author and the founder of the Japan Garden Research Association.
Mr. Isao Yoshikawa, the founder of the Japan Garden Research Association, remarked, "The blend of Chinese and Western instruments was very magnificent and powerful."
He especially enjoyed the piece performed on the erhu instrument, which he thought was "clear," "powerful," and "beautiful."
"It is hard for the Japanese to have the chance to enjoy music like this. Therefore, I would definitely recommend it to my friends," Mr. Yoshikawa said.
The Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra will next be performing 16 concerts in 12 cities in Taiwan on September 17 through October 3.
Website: ShenYun.com/symphony


I am a hobbyist with experience in all types of special interest collector vehicles. I have over 45 years of experience with collector cars of many types.
Click on the pages of my website and be sure to visit the gallery to see what cars have passed through.
Also check out my youtube channel rodneyracer for some great cars that I have taken short videos of!
Check out my appraisal section as well! If you don't have a current appraisal, you NEED ONE!!
Facilitating the Restoration of Special Interest and Classic Cars is what I do. It is a great honor to be part of the restoration process of these fine cars.
1956 Chevy BelAir two door hardtop.
AND TWO Trabants! Look it up!
Silverado Resort Hot Cars and Cool Music event in Napa typically held on the last Sunday in April. On the circle in front of the Mansion. Atlas Peak Road.
Great show we attend is the Concours d'Lemons. This is the "anti-Show-Car Car- Show" featuring the Oddball, Mundane and Truly Awful cars. Of course we WON our class with one of our Trabis! A great place to show your Yugo, Gremlin, Skoda, Isetta, or Gogomobile. Hope to see you there next year!
My colleagues across the nation are available, depending on where you need us to inspect, appraise or report.
1957 Ford Police Car re-created for the City of Napa Historical Division.


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Repository criteria
Living data process
Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?
Country-level and gridded estimates of wastewater production, collection, treatment and reuse
Two new ESSD articles evaluate in detail the greenhouse gas emissions across the European domain
ESSD seeks a Chief Science Editor
EUREC4A
ESSD in the media during COP 26
ESSD, 10, 745–763, 2018
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 745–763, 2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-745-2018
Review article 16 Apr 2018
Review article | 16 Apr 2018
Ecological landscape elements: long-term monitoring in Great Britain, the Countryside Survey 1978–2007 and beyond
Claire M. Wood et al.
Landscape area data 1978 [Countryside Survey] R. G. H. Bunce, C. M. Wood, P. A. Henrys, S. M. Smart, D. C. Howard, and C. J. Barr https://doi.org/10.5285/86c017ba-dc62-46f0-ad13-c862bf31740e
Landscape area data 1984 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, H. A. Whittaker, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/b656bb43-448d-4b2c-aade-7993aa243ea3
Landscape linear feature data 1984 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, H. A. Whittaker, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/a3f5665c-94b2-4c46-909e-a98be97857e5
Landscape point feature data 1984 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, H. A. Whittaker, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/124b872e-036e-4dd3-8316-476b5f42c16e
Landscape area data 1990 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, R. T. Clarke, M. K. Gillespie, C. J. Hallam, D. C. Howard, L. C. Maskell, M. J. Ness, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/94f664e5-10f2-4655-bfe6-44d745f5dca7
Landscape linear feature data 1990 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, R. T. Clarke, M. K. Gillespie, C. J. Hallam, D. C. Howard, L. C. Maskell, M. J. Ness, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/311daad4-bc8c-485a-bc8a-e0d054889219
Landscape point feature data 1990 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, R. T. Clarke, M. K. Gillespie, C. J. Hallam, D. C. Howard, L. C. Maskell, M. J. Ness, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/1481bc63-80d7-4d18-bcba-8804aa0a9e1b
Landscape area data 1998 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, R. T. Clarke, M. K. Gillespie, D. C. Howard, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, J. W. Watkins, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/1e050028-5c55-42f4-a0ea-c895d827b824
Landscape linear feature data 1998 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, R. T. Clarke, M. K. Gillespie, D. C. Howard, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, J. W. Watkins, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/8aaf6f8c-c245-46bb-8a2a-f0db012b2643
Landscape point feature data 1998 [Countryside Survey] C. J. Barr, R. G. H. Bunce, R. T. Clarke, M. K. Gillespie, D. C. Howard, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, J. W. Watkins, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/ed10944f-40c8-4913-b3f5-13c8e844e153
Landscape area data 2007 [Countryside Survey] M. J. Brown, R. G. H. Bunce, P. D. Carey, K. Chandler, A. Crowe, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/bf189c57-61eb-4339-a7b3-d2e81fdde28d
Landscape linear feature data 2007 [Countryside Survey] M. J. Brown, R. G. H. Bunce, P. D. Carey, K. Chandler, A. Crowe, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/e1d31245-4c0a-4dee-b36c-b23f1a697f88
Landscape point feature data 2007 [Countryside Survey] M. J. Brown, R. G. H. Bunce, P. D. Carey, P. M. Chamberlain, K. Chandler, A. Crowe, L. C. Maskell, L. R. Norton, R. J. Scott, W. A. Scott, S. M. Smart, R. C. Stuart, C. M. Wood, and S. M. Wright https://doi.org/10.5285/55dc5fd7-d3f7-4440-b8a7-7187f8b0550b
Companion paper
The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 29 years. CS was first undertaken in 1978 to monitor ecological and land use change in Britain using standardised procedures for recording ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout the country. The mapping of ecological landscape elements has subsequently been repeated in 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007.
The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological...
The data publishing journal


Not long ago I heard two chanichim, members of the community, arguing with each other. One of them hurled an insult at the other with scorn — "You Oleh!" Those words hit me hard.
Chanichim and chanichot, respected guests, I came here to tell you today, the act of aliyah is the greatest of acts. It contains within it all of the good, the beauty and the bravery of human acts.
It is no coincidence that we ascend to the Land of Israel. The sages of the Mishna and the Talmud said because "the Land of Israel is higher than all other lands," not because she is bigger or richer, not because she is stronger. The act of aliyah is a tremendous one, because it is the actualization of a dream.
"There is one place in the world where we are not in exile, and not immigrants, but are returning home — that is the Land of Israel." So writes a young olah named Hannah Szenes, who left behind her studies, her piano playing, and her suitors in Hungary. Every oleh is a dream. They are a dream of a better place. They are a dream of change and effort, of equality and of home. Every oleh also has things they left behind: language and love, studies, pets, landscapes. And there are those who left behind things more precious to them than all of Israel and all of the countries in the world. Dreams, beautiful dreams that we can make real together.
The Ethiopian community is led by educators through stories and prayers and proverbs. Entire generations were educated in this way, and through their education, their successors established a school. The act of educating is similar to the act of aliyah. Its entire essence is to see the person not just as they are, but as what they have the potential to be. Thus, the great educators, such as Yona Bogale, Freda Aklum and Tamrat Emanuel, saw the community in Ethiopia, not justn as who they are, but in their vision saw what they could become. In this sense, aliyah is an educational act.
This was a community with enormous internal creative energy, whose isolation is not studied nor accepted, not from her neighbors and not from the communities of Israel.
"Throughout the dark, long exile, the Jews never stopped dreaming the dream of their dreams. Next year in Jerusalem! We've been crying it out for generations." Thus writes Benjamin Zeev Herzl. So too with the Jewish community of Ethiopia. They did not see Zion in pictures nor hear about her through rumors, but she dwelt in their hearts. The Jews of Ethiopia never stopped to read and educate, every day, every hour, "next year in Jerusalem." Every oleh is a dream. Every aliyah is an educational act. An entire community that leaves behind language and love, pets and landscapes. An entire community that leaves behind thousands of precious things. Every oleh is a dream. Every oleh is pain and loss.
Chanichim and chanichot, when you come to face discrimination, violence, oppression and blind hatred, don't look across the ocean for figures to imitat . Do not get caught up in fancy buzzwords and phrases. Look to the true masters of language. Their names: Mother. Grandfather. Big sister. Learn from them. Educate for aliyah. Educate for an Israel that has certainty and respect, cohesiveness and justice. Our movement, which is your home, will also be a place for the actualization of your biggest dreams.
Today I ask you, chanichot and chanichim, I ask of all who sit here, be olim. Make aliyah to the Land of Israel. Make aliyah within Israel. Leave behind your fears, your previous understandings, your soporific comforts, and make aliyah.


text:
Home Air British Skynet satellites reach 50 year milestone
Skynet 5A over Africa.
British Skynet satellites reach 50 year milestone
George Allison
Airbus is celebrating 50 years of providing secure military satellite communications to the UK with the 50th anniversary of the first Skynet satellite.
Skynet 1A was launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida on the 22nd of November 1969 into a geostationary orbit and it was followed less than a year later by Skynet 1B to provide secure communications to the armed forces via voice – and also by fax and even telegraph!
Providing only two voice channels from a satellite about the same size as a small fridge, these first Skynet satellites are now superseded by a fleet of four Skynet 5 satellites weighing more than 6 tonnes at launch and each as big as a large delivery van. The average power of a Skynet 5 satellite is 4.7 kW which is approximately the same as a typical UK home.
According to Airbus:
"In the 50 years since the launch of the first Skynet Airbus has built 25 military communications satellites for the defence ministries around the world. Two Skynet 2 satellites were launched in 1974, one failed due to a rocket motor problem on the satellite, but Skynet 2B provided services for more than 20 years.
The follow on generation was Skynet 4, with six satellites providing global secure communications. Designed to operate in geostationary orbit for 15 years and still providing coverage today. Skynet 4 is the longest serving satellite constellation at 29 years old and continues to deliver vital communications. Skynet 5 is the current satellite series and for the past 16 years, Airbus has been responsible for delivering all secure beyond line of sight communications to the UK MOD, owning and operating the four strong fleet. During that time Skynet 5 satellites have been crucial to keeping armed forces in theatre in touch with each other and bases back in the UK.
And the satellites also provide a key part of service personnel being able to keep in touch with loved ones back home as part of the WelComE service."
Airbus is now looking at the next generation – Skynet 6.
George has a degree in Cyber Security from Glasgow Caledonian University and has a keen interest in naval defence technology and cyber security matters.
Rolls-Royce secures defence services contract valued at $1.2 billion
US Ambassador to Denmark wants kingdom to buy more F-35s
P-8A Poseidon 'a continuing success' on export market say analysts
French soldiers killed in helicopter crash on deployment in Mali
Airbus hoping to combine British Tempest jet project with Franco-German effort
US lose drone over Libyan capital
Will Skynet take over the world one day?
According to the movie it became self-aware at 2:14 a.m., EDT, on August 29, 1997 so I'm sure it's working on it.
Andy P
Typical of the Yanks to steal the glory eh ? Due to cutbacks its been put back to 2027. Unless there are more cutbacks…
We're still waiting on the phased plasma rifles (in the 40W range) FFS !!!!
David Flandry
{Julian has been deleted}
I'll be back….
{I hate it when that happens}
There was a big army exhibition in 1969 called armex69, which featured a biggish stand about the forthcoming Skynet system. 50 years !
I can guarantee one person who won't be celebrating Skynet's 50th birthday: Sarah Connor!
Airbus did not exist 50 years ago.
Marconi built the original sats before being taken over.
They have come a longway from the Sat's I knew when I joined in 81 to what we had 30 years later
Now you have 8+ megs, multiple voice, telephone, data video links and at one point even BFBS was on it, known as jerky TV due to the small bandwidth.
Rob N
If Airbus are responsible for our communications does this not make us vulnerable to EU tinkering post Brexit? Please tell me tgat we have sovereign control of these assets…
Even if we are vulnerable to it, we're still going to be closely allied with the EU when it comes to defence.
On a more capitalistic note, Airbus won't dare do any "tinkering" because they know if it ever got out they'd struggle to get contracts from outside the EU for the rest of time.
Dreadful name!
Queen Elizabeth carriers 'to be integrated' into US Carrier Operations
Fact Check – SNP manifesto makes incorrect shipbuilding claim
Meggitt signs six year $130m contract with the US Defense Logistics Agency
NATO and South Korea sign new partnership agreement
QinetiQ space business secures new ESA contract


Ying Ma spoke at the Road to Freedom Seminar at the Reagan Ranch Center in Santa Barbara, California. Hosted by the Young America's Foundation, the conference was attended by college students from around the country. In her talk, Ying Ma emphasized the need for a Reaganite approach to foreign policy, offered a critique of the foreign policies of Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama and highlighted conservatism's warnings against large government undertakings, including in foreign interventions.
To view the speech, please click here or use the video player below.


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text:
Climate Commission Fudges Hot Day Data
May 14, 2012 By jennifer
IF you believe Australia's Climate Commissioner, Tim Flannery, it is getting hotter and hotter in Western Sydney.[1]
But scientist Basil Beamish noticed that in the Climate Commission report they only show the trend of the number of hot days from 1970-2011. There is data for Sydney, measured at Observatory Hill, back to 1890.
Dr Beamish noticed that if you use all of the hot days data back to 1890 it is clear there is a different long-term pattern in play (see blue line in chart). In fact the year with the greatest number of hot days for Sydney is 1926 (12 days) and this has not been beaten since.
But instead of reporting on the long term trend for Sydney as measured at Observatory Hill from 1890, Professor Flannery has chosen to just focus on Western Sydney and in particular use only the data for Parramatta North (see red line in chart). This data set begins in 1970, which was a low point in the hot days cycle. By choosing Parramatta and beginning in 1970, Professor Flannery can make the upward trend in hot days look dramatic.
Parramatta is further inland than the Observatory Hill site and so the summers are warmer and the winter's colder. But if there were data for Parramatta back to 1890 it would almost certainly show the same pattern as Observatory Hill. Indeed it was almost certainly hotter in Parramatta, in Western Sydney, in 1926 than anytime since.
Once again the observational data does not support the nonsense claims made by Australia's Climate Commissioner, Professor Flannery.
Basil Beamish provided the chart and many of the words. Thank you.
1. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-05-14/heatwaves-bushfires-predicted-to-hammer-nsw/4009006
Filed Under: Information, News Tagged With: Climate & Climate Change
Doug Proctor says
We are observing the Big Lie in action. We thought it was just a fascist or totalitarian thing. But it is not. It is a standard political thing. Only the internet and blogs like Jennifer have let the general public see how manipulative are those who want to do what the rest of us don't want them to do.
spangled drongo says
That's right, Doug. Here's something they shouldn't forget.
From the First Fleet Journals, summer 1790/91:
"at Rose Hill [Parramatta], it was allowed, by every person, to surpass all that they had before felt, either there or in any other part of the world…it must, however, have been intense, from
the effects it produced. An immense flight of bats driven before the wind,
covered all the trees around the settlement, whence they every moment
dropped dead or in a dying state, unable longer to endure the burning state
of the atmosphere. Nor did the 'perroquettes,' though tropical birds, bear it
better. The ground was strewn with them in the same condition as the bats."
kd says
Grasping at straws there eh guys? Indeed you should pick on the tiny details because the big picture is certainly out of whack with your climate delusional narrative.
Kevin Freer says
Is there no legal recourse to these blatent deceptions.
Luke says
"But if there were data for Parramatta back to 1890 it would almost certainly show the same pattern as Observatory Hill"
Why? and not necessarily
– the issue is the distance sea breezes penetrates inland. There's no basis for suggesting trend is not real.
And ongoing land use change in the Sydney basin is another local microscale issue – Pitman et al.
Neville says
But what is their end game by trying to scare everyone with this UHIE nonsense? We can accurately say that there is zero we can do to change the climate now or into the future, so what are they on about?
If it gets warmer or cooler we'll just have to adapt and the very last delusion we should be grasping and wasting billions on is a co2 tax. Clearly we are going to waste billions every year for a zero return. So why are we doing it, clearly Juliar and her govt couldn't care less about increases in co2 emissions. They are happy to export millions of new tonnes of cheap coal overseas, but hate Aussies using this cheap energy here in OZ.
I'd say from the above records that there may have been only small temp increases and some UHIE.
stevef says
Amazing – no hockey hstick – must be somthing wrong – please adjust so we can see a warming trend, cant let the facts get in the way of a good scam.
Brian of Thirlmere says
Don't worry guys. I suspect no-one outside Fairfax and the ABC is listening. The public has turned off to these ravings. Especially, ironically, in Sydney's west. To put it politely, Professor Flannery has a severe credibility problem, which is probably why Professor Steffen did most of the talking at yesterday's press conference.
That horrific late summer of the First Fleet involved north-westerlies, a rare thing, but one of the worst of all possible climatic events in eastern Oz. And in February! Tench mentions that there were no measurements for Rose Hill, but they recorded the Sydney heatwave earlier in that summer thus:
"At 9 a.m., 85 degrees. At noon, 104. Half past twelve, 107½. From one p.m. until 20 minutes past two 108½. At 20 minutes past two, 109. At Sunset, 89. At 11 p.m., 78½. [By a large Thermometer made by Ramsden, and graduated on Fahrenheit's scale.]"
When the February Rose Hill events occurred, Sydney measured about a degree cooler than it did in the earlier heatwave. The north-west wind was the killer ingredient. It was a dry heatwave, such as occurred in the early eighties (I forget the year) and around Xmas 2000. Judging from the descriptions of mass wildlife deaths, the 1791 event was much worse than those more recent ones. Of course, it could happen again, and without efficient, cheap energy from modernised coal power generation, the cost will be extreme.
Tench and Dawes were remarkable men, extremely conscientious about both measurement and observation. Amazingly, Tim Flannery is editor of Tench's journals. Flannery is an unremarkable man, conscientious about nothing.
Another Ian says
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/05/14/flim-flam-flannerys-fecklessness-foiled/
(and http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/05/14/quote-of-the-week-death-by-coochey-coup/ while you're there)
Luke,
I was checking the Observatory Hill temperature data against temperature data for sites in coastal and inland Queensland about a year ago and the match in terms of general pattern was surprisingly good.
So John Abbot and I ended up using the Observatory Hill temperature data as an input into our neural network model for rainfall forecasting for all Queensland sites as you will see when our paper on the same comes out in July.
So, in short, the Observatory Hill temperature data is probably not only a good indicator of past temperature trends in Western Sydney, but also for anywhere along the east coast of Australia. It is the longest continuous high quality record.
The timing of the Flannery et al announcements are always well timed to fit into the Government's agenda. After all the Commission is nothing more than an extension of the Gillard PR team.
Flannery would like us to believe that the Carbon Tax is a small price to pay to stop the apocalypse!
Luke, kd (and Bazza if you're around)
Are you able to explain again why you are so adamant this about science?
I still wish it was but, the further we head down this track, the less likely that seems to be.
Luke….of course the further inland you go in these temperate zones….the higher and lower the temperature ranges….I know you don't need me to explain why that's the case….and yes….sea breezes are part of the reason.
Actually that's a rather general trend everywhere is it not????
Even in the stated timeframe that has been used….you can see that on the above graph re max temps…maybe Jen can source one with the min temps as well?
While there may sometimes be deviations, that is the general trend….
BTW…no argument about local influences….none….
Coz Debs – scientists like to argue. We just don't say yes to everything dropped under our noses. And sceptics have a habit of concocting nonsense at times (IMHO and with respect of course) Would you like a list?
In fact Wattsy would list Observatory Hill as a compromised site.
Yes well …. ahem … high quality?
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/06/12/art-horn-a-remarkable-statement-from-noaa/
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2008/07/02/sydneys-weather-station-150-meters-makes-all-the-difference/
I think that is actually a fair accusation if you apply it to both 'sides' of this debate….Surely you can't think that the stuff that 2 of our climate commissioners sprouted in the media yesterday was anything but 'concocting nonsense'?….and it was definitely masquerading as 'science'… and… there is an equally long list of similar examples (IMHO).
Would also like to point out that business people are not inclined to say yes to everything dropped under our noses either….and that is not specific to science based things but most definitely includes them.
Also….not sure you actually answered my question but it has caused me to ask another one.
If scientists like to argue….and it's quite obvious that in this particular branch of science there is plenty to argue about (IMHO)….how is that ever going to be a good basis to develop social policy with 'risk management' as it's justification?
Sorry…that's a bit overly rhetorical….but…. we're dealing with so much rhetoric that it's a bit hard not to do it when replying.
Nigel says
There is a huge difference between Observatory hill and Parramatta. One is surrounded by water, which as we know greatly moderates the climate.
Nigel,
The water moderates the climate. I state this clearly in the post:
Is there any reason why the pattern/the trend would change?
As I explained above in a note to Luke, Observatory Hill is a good proxy for the temperature pattern at an annual and also decadal scale for both coastal and inland sites in Queensland, so why not also Parramatta?
Polyaulax says
It is not possible to assert that 'if Parramatta data was available from 1890 it would almost certainly show the same pattern as Observatory Hill.' In the absence of real data,such a high confidence cannot be claimed. You fall into the trap that you claim has captured the CC.
Over 120 years,Observatory Hill's temperature trends will be a somewhat better analog of other hill sites within 10km of the sea on the east coast of NSW than it will be with sites that have experienced transition from rural to urban characteristics 40km from the sea.
Andrew Bolt has asserted that the Climate Commission has picked cherries. However,the argument he attempts is simply more cherry picking:he cites The Australian,who clearly will not compare apples with apples when they introduce Blacktown Airport data into the 'discussion'. The Oz's journos do not compare trend,but simply blurt that there are overall fewer Very Hot Days at Bankstown than Parramatta for the period 1970-2010. Interesting, but irrelevant.
But when you make the effort to compare the actual trends at Bankstown,and at Prospect Reservoir,with Parramatta,it is clear that they are similar. So we have three forty year records that agree in TREND for VHDs in western Sydney. There are more in the period 1990-2009,than in 1970-1989.
The Oz also seems to think that comparing five year periods within the total forty has some relevance to the long term trends and suggests 'proof' of the CC's duplicity. This of course is more diversionary nonsense,and another sad example of journalists overestimating their abilities.
PS I would be interested to know how good the Observatory Hill data is as a general indicator of global temperature trends?
Ian George says
If one uses Prospect Reservoir, then there is a big increase between 1971-1980 and the last decade (93 days of +35C compared to 143). Compare this to Sydney Ob of some 40 days of +35C during the 1970s, down to 35 between 2001 and 2010. So there is no real pattern visible here. Or do we have selective CO2?
The 1970s were mainly La Ninas and neutral conditions – I don't think there was a major drought during that period.
This decade was mainly dominated by El Ninos, thus culminating in a major drought – as severe as the Federation and Second World War drought periods. So to compare these periods with each other temperature-wise is not very helpful and for the BOM to use that start point is misleading. As Basil points out above, the longer record gives us a much better picture of the climate patterns.
Yet this decade was the second wettest decade since 1900 with the 1970s being the wettest.
So what we seem to have is no real patterning of climate – climate does what climate does.
It's interesting to note that this report (which is partly concentrating on western Sydney) has just been released before Flannery's talk in Parramatta.
Denis Webb says
Can someone get your/Basil Beamish analysis out to those who may attend the Parramatta meeting?
Can Luke send it to Tim Flannery and other government employees?
Can everyone send it to The Australian newspaper and their favourite newspaper?
rabitoh says
"Once again the observational data does not support the nonsense claims made by Australia's Climate Commissioner, Professor Flannery"
Using the available observational data from Observatory Hill (Dr Beamish's preferred location) and comparing the 30 year cohort 1911-1940 (which includes the notable year 1926) to the 30 year cohort 1981-2010, we find that average mean maximum has increased from 21.7 to 22.5. Notwithstanding Dr Flannery's tendency to run-off at the mouth (and it IS a very annoying habit), I would have thought the data is largely supportive of his claims. Still, one good cherry-pick deserves another.
Leo G says
Comparing the two data series for the same 43 year period, it appears that there is slight shift in the ratio of hot days at Sydney Observatory to hot days at Parramatta. As you suggest though, the observed shift does not warrant the claims made by Climate Commissioner Tim Flannery.
Whether the CC is right or not,there is no sense in critiquing them with even less data. Ian,you are repeating the fudge of looking at segments of the data,as the Oz did with 5 year period comparisons. Use the forty years or nothing. That's what the CC did,whether it's truly adequate or not. Of course at shorter scales the numbers on extremes only show the underlying variability of occurrence of an extreme like a VHD.
You can also splice together the last forty years out at Richmond RAAF to get a somewhat similar trend,though some critical summer days are missing. While I agree that forty years ain't as good as a longer record,it's the best they can supply it seems.
As high-qual sites both Richmond and Obs Hill show a trend of increasing temperature since the 1940s.
BTW,while Flannery will be talking on the report,he did not author or co-author it,despite what was strongly implied by media coverage yesterday.
Tony Price says
Government & official bodies worldwide have been picking so many prunus avium berries, children just won't know what a cherry is.
I'm confused – in the UK we have a "Department for Energy and Climate Change" (DECC). Now, the Department for Education is clearly in favour of education, and the Ministry of Defence is clearly in favour of defence, so can we conclude the DECC is in favour of both energy and climate change?
I use Google News a lot, and from news reports about the future (many claim current) threats from sea-level rise, drought, flooding, the risk of temperature increases over the so-called "official guardrail" of 2°C, ordinary folks, the ones at the sharp end, and I mean by that those who are paying for their governments stupid energy policies and crazier regulations, are getting just a little tired of it all.
They don't know much or indeed very little about Michael "lonesome pine" Mann or Tim "65 metre" Flannery, and "very likely" nothing at all about the IPCC and its selective reports, but they have long memories. Most can see that despite all the huffing and puffing and "could" and "may" and "might" of the impending disaster reports, weather and climate haven't changed much in their lifetimes, and that in reality, little is changing now.
The final demise of the entire alarmist "house of cards" won't be triggered by sceptics beavering away identifying statistical tricks, unsubstantiated conclusions and "cherry-picking", but by all the little people, those whose views are ignored, those who are talked down to daily. Those who have to have things explained to them with charts so big a stepladder is needed, because they're seen as too stupid to realise the extent of the looming catastrophe. It's the "little people" who pay most of the taxes which fund those lecturing them, and so fund research to see if trees will respond negatively to CO2, or to "prove" that the Great Barrier Reef is "doomed". They pay to fund governments who respond by screwing more money still out of them.
They're not too stupid to realise that a tax designed "to make the polluters pay" will make THEM pay. Power companies, service industries and manufacturers don't pay for anything, all they do is pass on some of their customers' money, the "little peoples" money. They are getting just a little bit fed up with it all, and their disbelief and anger are growing. They don't like being taken for granted, and they don't like being treated as "cash cows". The revolution is coming, and we sceptics may be doing little more than open the eyes of the so-far "silent majority".
When the question is asked in the future "what did you do in the climate wars, daddy?", the answer may be quite simply "I spoke the truth". At the moment, it's all we can do. In the end, it's enough.
"I spoke the truth" – yea well.
Try it – it's painless, costs nothing, and results in a feeling of satisfaction.
If you look at a place where okay records have been kept for a few centuries, it helps to bring some commonsense to the notion of trends.
To live in England in the first half of the eighteenth century was to grow familiar with drought. To live in the latter half of that century meant living with rain, rain, rain. And there would be plenty more of that till the Great Blight of the 1840s, where cold and rain together created mass starvation.
The good thing about living in those climatic times was that they coincided with The Enlightenment. Though there were almanacs, religious fanatics, weather theories and the like, few in the higher levels of government and academia were rushing to false understandings of climate. Certainly, nobody proposed controlling climate through taxes or vast shifts of money across the globe. For all the inhumanity, neglect and bungling of agricultural policy, the persistent dries of the early 18th century and the frequent wets which came after were not made worse by spending and planning according to the pronouncements of record-keepers finding "trends".
Let's burn coal and gas efficiently in modern plants, let's have cheap abundant energy and get rich. The best answer to bad weather is wealth – but not in the pockets of charlatans and mountebanks like Flannery and Gore. Let's have us a civilisation.
Rabitoh and Polyaux,
That is in a lot of ways precisiely the problem. This work is so open to cherry picking because everyone is so focused on proving something about the future climate (and I'm even starting to get confused about what we are trying to prove)
I can see how rabitoh has arrived at that figure….which is .08 average mean maximum rise in 30 years.
I would also like to know how a similar calculation would look if we averaged the mean maximum of cooler events as well….would it be higher/lower than .08?
And even if we could say that is a 'consensus' figure….there are still some enormous un answered questions.
If that .08 figure is correct ….
1) Is it caused by rises in C02 or by human activities?
2) Does it pose the sort of risks/dangers that some of our CCs were highlighting yesterday like a 1.1 metre rise in sea level that would wipe out the named property and infrastructure (and apparently make people in the western suburbs crankier when they're stuck in a traffic jam)?…and…sorry…. I can't help asking whether people in Western Sydney would not gain an advantage out of that as they could possibly own the new coastal property??????
3) What is the best way to manage those risks?
The only thing I see on the table is a plan to create a carbon tax/price/ETS etc that has as its justification a gobal plan to stop the climate from changing?????
Is that a good risk management plan?
Bob Massey says
I think the trend is somewhat similar to the Post Office in Gayndah in QLD
http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_display_type=dataGraph&p_stn_num=039039&p_nccObsCode=36&p_month=13
Nothing to see here so the scaremongers can take their nonsense somewhere else !!
Polyaux
What I tried to say is that both 5 years and 40 years don't tell the full picture. Many of our weather stations do not have enough historical data to detect true CC. They detect a short trend only.
For instance, there has been more rainfall Australia-wide over the post-1950 period than pre-1950 period. If one just looked at the last 40 years (since the 1970s), we have trended down in overall rainfall.
One area that does seem to be actually declining in rainfall is SW Australia. It may take another 100 years to see if this is CC or a trend.
Now now Tony – onanism is also painless, costs nothing, and results in a feeling of satisfaction.
I have a threshold test to see if you're having a lend of yourself – if you invoke Galileo you lose. And if you think sceptics are on a truth crusade you also lose.
If you believe everything Tim Flannery tells you – well you're open to suggestion and gullible. Tim does his best.
Debbie – somehow I think this does say something http://www.bom.gov.au/cgi-bin/climate/change/timeseries.cgi?graph=tmean&area=nsw&season=0112&ave_yr=0
Why get upset – Abbott will be in any day now and it will all seem like a bad dream. Fear not.
Maybe, Luke, if some of the higher temps had not been adjusted down by up to 0.7C prior to 1950, we may have a slightly different graph. Check the difference between actual data and the readjusted High Quality data the BOM produces.
What does it say in relation to my questions?
It is a BoM graph for NSW/ACT with the cools and warms and clearly shows the influence of the dominant Ocean Currents for most of the start of this century.
Is it identifying a C02 risk that we have to manage?
Why would an Abbot led Govt give me any comfort?
Bad dream?
And I'm not particularly upset….just completely over the obsessive behaviour re the climate.
Robert, 15/5/12 at 9.39 am.
Thanks for those earlier 1790 Sydney summer temps. I doubt "mild" temps like 109 f would kill birds or bats. The only time in my life as a keen bird observer that I have ever seen a bird die in flight from heat was in Sturt's Stony Desert in the '50s when it was 122 f in the shade.
I suppose you could argue that coastal birds would not be as used to extreme heat as western birds so it would need less heat to kill them but I think you could estimate the temp that day at Parramatta to be at least 115 f [46+c].
Stephen Williams says
In the Melbourne heatwave of 2009 I was at Mount Waverley one afternoon, I think it was about 44C. I didn't see any birds but there possums lying under trees and in doorways seeking any shade available. They were so hot that you could approach and pick them up without a struggle. We gathered what we could find and put them in a cool place with water. they all recovered. Although it wasn't extremely hot that day it was the fourth or fifth day of 44C in a row. I think the constant heat got to the. Maybe that's what happened to the birds in 1790
Basil Beamish says
Finally get a chance to reply to your earlier post. You make some valid points re- extrapolation, but your response works both ways. The records for Sydney Airport go back to 1940 and the trend in the number of hot days for that location closely follows that of Observatory Hill. Of course the only way we could confirm one way or the other would be to have records for 1926 for Parramatta to confirm that the number of hot days for that year exceed the more recent records of the last decade. Such is the issue of working with real data and not modelled values.
The Gayndah plot you refer to is for Tmax not the number of hot days. However, I have plotted the number of hot days for Gayndah and again it shows a similar long term trend to Observatory Hill in Sydney. The same can be said for Charleville, Richmond, Emerald and Brisbane. Linear trending means very little as it depends on the starting point that is used. I think this decade will prove very interesting in terms of the number of hot days as all the indications are for a general decrease.
Bill Burrows says
You are correct Luke. It is not something I am looking forward to but Abbott or a drovers dog will soon be running the country. And I will be there swinging my baseball bat as vigorously as any far right extremest to get this outcome. For there comes a time when governments have to be chucked out or indeed annihilated for their longer term good and the good of the country. Blind freddy can see we have reached such a point in our history once again. The present mob, by all their shenagigans to stay in power, have forfeited any legitimacy and moral high ground. And these words are coming from one who first letter dropped ALP 'How to Vote' cards in the 1947 Qld State Election, who stayed loyal to the 'Light on the Hill' through the '57 Split and the dark years of Bjelke-Petersen and who joined the true believers on the grounds of the old Parliament House in Canberra in 1975 burning a candle 'to save democracy'. One can forgive oneself for supporting incompetency, assuming the heart is in the right place, but when the government relies on lies to stay in power it is definitely "time for a change".
Jack Skelton says
The trend in house prices in Brisbane showed a decrease of 8% on average last year
My financial adviser, Tim Flappery, told me I should wait for another 10 years to buy a house as he has proof that I will be able to buy a house for about 20% of present values.
He also told me that the ASX dropped about 1% today. If I wait for exactly 150 days I can buy
BHP, Rio Tinto and Santos for less than $100! – thats the entire three companies not just a share in each.
That Tim is a pretty smart cookie! He works it all out with models and trend lines.
"It is a BoM graph for NSW/ACT with the cools and warms and clearly shows the influence of the dominant Ocean Currents for most of the start of this century"
Huh? I dunno Debs – it simply shows an unambiguous warming trend. That's it.
and in extremes hottest days are up and coldest days are down – isn't this all fitting together for you? http://www.csiro.au/en/Outcomes/Climate/Understanding/State-of-the-Climate-2012/Temperature.aspx
Bob Massey – but see http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_display_type=dataGraph&p_stn_num=039039&p_nccObsCode=38&p_month=13
That's where the Gayndah warming story is – in the minima
John Abbot says
One of the problems with the orange line on the graph is that there are apparently large fluctuations from one year to the next. I have looked at the raw data and this is in part because the chosen time interval. A calendar year splits the summer period where you get all the very hot days. Better to plot out the number of hot days for each summer period. Best to replot the line and look again. Of course, there is still a major problem with trying to say anything meaningful about climatic change from a very short time interval such as illustrated here. Its the same with rainfall – if you just look at a carefully selected couple of decades, the impression you get can be very different from examining a century or longer.
Paul Homewood says
Ah! Another example of the fraudulent Hayhoe Curve.
http://notalotofpeopleknowthat.wordpress.com/2011/11/25/whats-katharine-hiding/
John Sayers says
http://users.tpg.com.au/johnsay1/Stuff/Observatory_Hill_Full_Adjustments.png
it didn't answer my questions.
It was a graph that shows an unambiguous warming trend (if you would prefer that description) in NSW/ACT.
The CSIRO graph &report is similar.
I thought my questions were about risk management?
Abbot also explains another problem with time intervals that are somewhat unrealistic because they don't recognise seasons only calendar points.
It is all still just a useful tool.
If we're attempting to manage risk, it is only one tool and it's not conclusive or exclusive or 'settled' enough to be used in the manner it has been used.
Thanks John. You'd wonder why that site would need to be adjusted upward for its mean max.
You're just cherry picking and nit picking Debbie. If you don't get it by now you never will.
What am I not getting Luke?
What precisely is 'IT' ?
What am I specifically cherry picking and nit picking?
Sou says
I'm not a regular reader but it's been pointed out to me that in this article, the author postulates that the urban heat island effect (UHI) doesn't exist.
I'd be interested in reading more about that. Maybe a follow up article by Dr Marahosey or Dr Beamish would be handy. An article by a climate scientist with expertise in global surface temperature trends would be even better.
My understanding is that as urbanisation increases the surface temperature goes up disproportionately to surrounding areas. Once the urbanisation stabilises the rate of increases also stabilises. This has been observed or postulated going back decades in the literature (Google scholar has papers going back to at least the 1960s that discuss the urban heat island effect, and it's been accounted for in all the global temperature data sets for years).
Could someone point me to another source of information that, like the article above, shows that the UHI doesn't exist after all?
… and neither will anyone with a firm grasp on reality and not climate models, on unjustified conclusions, who don't accept the never-ending recipe of "high end" scenarios, who don't orgasm over every doom-laden prediction. "Summer ice [may|could|might] be gone by 2012". It's 2012 right now, try swimming to the North Pole.
Last year, some crackpot "researchers" announced that thousands of species that haven't yet been discovered have already become extinct. Beat that for sheer nonsense.
No, we DON'T get it, because there's NOTHING to "get". We're told that pine-forests are dying out because of "climate change", yet in the small print at the bottom is mentioned, just mentioned, bark beetles, rust and forest mismanagement leading to more dead trees for the beetles to breed in, and fires in uncleared brushwood.
The Great Barrier reef is "doomed" because doom-merchants have checked a few hundred sq. metres and found some bleached coral, because the oceans are "acidifying", when 99.999% of their area is unexplored, let alone studied, and when pH changes several time the "tipping point threshhold" occur daily. The GBF has been "doomed" many times over the past decade. Some scientists have very short memories. How convenient.
Researchers clinging to grants submit coral polyps and fish to extreme conditions of acidity (hydrochloric) and temperature, imposed suddenly, studied for hours or days, and "predict" the future in decades and longer. Long-term studies by hard-working "real" researchers show just the opposite, that stress and mortality initially increase, but offspring carry forward the resistant genes of their parents who survived. They (the real researchers, not the fauna) are ignored by the media, by alarmists in general, and the other worthless short-term studies are hailed as "conclusive evidence".
The only thing that's conclusive is the level of gullibility of unthinking and credulous "does my carbon footprint look big in this?" greenies, so-called environmentalists who love everything natural except mankind, who want and need to believe the worst, want to believe that mankind is to blame for everything from rain to drought to earthquakes and tsunamis. "I've seen the enemy and it's US!" – well they're right about that at least, THEY ARE the enemy. Enemies of human advancement, enemies of progress. enemies of reason and the getting of knowledge.
ilma630 says
From a friend who's done his research regarding the GBR: "Actually, the Barrier Reef authority's own data show that there has been no statistically-significant warming of the seas surrounding the reef in the past two or three decades, so, even if the reef were in decline, global warming could not possibly be the cause. And so-called ocean "acidification" could not be the cause either, because every time the Brisbane River floods, as it did eight times from 1840-1900 and only four times since, vast quantities of rainwater (strongly acid, with a pH of just 5.4) pour into the ocean within the reef, which has nevertheless survived.".
I am not sure how you came to that conclusion or the person who pointed it out to you did. The plot shows exactly the opposite. The Parramatta situation is totally dominated by the UHI effect in this case, which is what some of the other bloggers have been pointing out and several people have commented on to me personally with their own analysis of other NSW sites. What we are saying is that there is an underlying natural trend in hot days (the observable long term trend shown by Observatory Hill and many other sites in NSW and Qld with century old temperature records), but in this case for Parramatta superimposed on that is the exaggerated localised UHI effect. It is just unfortunate that the Parramatta record is not long enough to show the complete picture.
Also please note the Koala's post from yesterday re-emphasised the point of time perspective. I well remember the "Global Cooling" theory of the 70's being matched to the drop in temperatures for the previous 30-40 years. It was flavour of the month at nearly every Uni. Then we had the "Global Warming" theory as shown in the Koala's plot and that is how we end up where we are today. Too many people look at things within their own lifespan and lose sight of the bigger picture. Cause and effect still has a long way to go on this one.
By the way not sure if you are having a go at me on the climate scientist bit, but believe it or not I have some background in that area. I studied and obtained an honours degree in Geology, when Geology was still called Geology and not the softer version Earth Science. I was privileged to have been taught by the late Professor Samuel Carey who always taught us to question everything and if the theory doesn't fit the observational data then look for a new theory. I have found this a very useful strategy throughout my professional career.
cheers, Basil
The ABC page links to the links to the overall report, not the NSW report, which is here:
http://climatecommission.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/NSW-report_final_web.pdf
Population growth in Parramatta has outstripped that for Sydney as a whole – not an insignificant statistic IMHO.
http://www.parracity.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/103456/Parramatta_Population_Growth-fact_sheet.pdf
Dunno where "sou" gets his impressions from. The CC/NSW report describes it in detail, and the ABC report doesn't mention it (surprise?).
Flim Flam Flannery's Fecklessness Foiled | Watts Up With That? says:
[…] Climate Commission Fudges Hot Day Data […]
Climate Commission's unceasing alarmism and spin | Australian Climate Madness says:
[…] is the tone of delivery all wrong, but the methods used are decidedly suspect. Jennifer Marohasy shows how data has been cherry picked to show a recent trend in hot days, despite the existence of […]
Is Western Sydney getting hotter? « Jacobus Zeno says:
[…] It was picked up quickly by a number of critical thinkers including Anthony Watts and Jennifer Mahorosy. […]
The AUS Climate Commission Falls Over. « Greenhouse Bullcrap says:
[…] JENNIFER MARHOHASY BLOG Climate Commission Fudges Hot Day Data Posted by Jennifer, May 14th, 2012 http://jennifermarohasy.com/2012/05/climate-commission-fudges-hot-day-data/ […]
[…] http://jennifermarohasy.com/2012/05/climate-commission-fudges-hot-day-data/ […]
Jennifer Marohasy » Global Warming Stalls, Climate Scientists Fiddle Temperature Record says:
[…] [3] Climate Commission Fudges Hot Day Data. Read more here: http://jennifermarohasy.com/2012/05/climate-commission-fudges-hot-day-data/ [4] Worldwide Data Manipulation Scandal Emerging. Read more here: […]


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distutils.tests.test_clean

Source code for distutils.tests.test_clean

"""Tests for distutils.command.clean."""
import sys
import os
import unittest
import getpass

from distutils.command.clean import clean
from distutils.tests import support
from test.support import run_unittest

[docs]class cleanTestCase(support.TempdirManager,
                    support.LoggingSilencer,
                    unittest.TestCase):

[docs]    def test_simple_run(self):
        pkg_dir, dist = self.create_dist()
        cmd = clean(dist)

        # let's add some elements clean should remove
        dirs = [(d, os.path.join(pkg_dir, d))
                for d in ('build_temp', 'build_lib', 'bdist_base',
                'build_scripts', 'build_base')]

        for name, path in dirs:
            os.mkdir(path)
            setattr(cmd, name, path)
            if name == 'build_base':
                continue
            for f in ('one', 'two', 'three'):
                self.write_file(os.path.join(path, f))

        # let's run the command
        cmd.all = 1
        cmd.ensure_finalized()
        cmd.run()

        # make sure the files where removed
        for name, path in dirs:
            self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(path),
                         '%s was not removed' % path)

        # let's run the command again (should spit warnings but succeed)
        cmd.all = 1
        cmd.ensure_finalized()
        cmd.run()

[docs]def test_suite():
    return unittest.makeSuite(cleanTestCase)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    run_unittest(test_suite())

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Since our inception, the Cult Collective has been very vocal about three main grievances with the advertising industry.
1) We believe most business problems will not be solved with better communications. Rather, marketers must overcome their unholy love affair with advertising and start focusing resources on behaviors that actually matter.
We believe most ad agencies do not act with integrity.
At Cannes, amongst advertising's biggest advocates, at the industry's crown jewel event, a panel of insiders and experts seemingly agreed with the statement that "99.5% of advertising is crap". Rather than dispute the assertion, most seem to willingly acknowledge only .5% of advertising today is worth seeking out.
Will the execution of the concept be amongst the .5% of advertising in the world that is produced well enough to be noticed and appreciated?
If you're not feeling 100% confident that you have the right strategy, right partners, right media approach, or right Creative execution, we should have a chat. I know some people who may be able to help.


text:
Q: How to Insert data to Many to many relationship tables and retrieving last id In cases where the method accepts two parameters? Room does return the inserted id when the input has only one parameter
  @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
    suspend fun insertWithDrinks(item: DrinkFavourite): Long

How can i retrieve the ID when method looks like this
 @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
    suspend fun insertWithDrinks(item: DrinkFavourite, List<Drink>)

Or rather, How do you handle many-to-many relationship Insert? I have a relationship and a cross ref table like this

data class DrinkFavouritesWithDrinks(
    @Embedded
    val item: DrinkFavourite,
    @Relation(
        parentColumn = "item_id",
        entityColumn = "drink_id",
        associateBy = Junction(DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef::class)
    )
    val drinks: List<Drink> = emptyList()
)

my cross ref
@Entity(
    primaryKeys = ["item_id", "drink_id"]
)
data class DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef(
    @ColumnInfo(name = "item_id")
    val itemId: Long,
    @ColumnInfo(name = "drink_id")
    val drinkId: Int
)

A:
How can i retrieve the ID when method looks like this

When you insert multiple rows you get the resultant id's in an Array<Long>
However, for a basic cross reference/mapping table you would rarely, it ever, use the rowid column (which is the value returned).

*

*rowid is returned even though the column is implicitly defined. That is with the exception of rarely used WITHOUT ROWID tables, all tables have a hidden column named rowid.

*

*When you use INTEGER PRIMARY KEY to define a column, the column is an alias of the rowid column. In room @PrimaryKey for a Long or Int, with or without autoGenerate = true/false (without = false) equates to INTEGER PRIMARY KEY or if autoGenerate = true to INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT.

How do you handle many-to-many relationship Insert?

Here is an example, based upon the available code, with other code created.
So in addition to your DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef Entity.
Entities for DrinkFavourite and Item  are
@Entity
 data class DrinkFavourite(
    @PrimaryKey
    val drink_id: Int? = null,
    val drink_name: String = ""
)
@Entity

data class Drink(
    @PrimaryKey var itemId :Long?,
    var itemName: String
)
The Dao AllDao is :-
@Dao
interface AllDao {

    @Insert
    fun insertDrinkFavourite(drinkFavourite: DrinkFavourite) :Long

    @Insert
    fun insertManyDrinkFavourite(drinkFavourites: List<DrinkFavourite>) :Array<Long>

    @Insert
    fun insertItem(drink: Drink) :Long

    @Insert
    fun insertManyItems(drinks: List<Drink>) :Array<Long>

    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.IGNORE)
    fun insertDrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef(drinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef: DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef) :Long

    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.IGNORE)
    fun insertManyDrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef(drinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRefs: List<DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef>) :Array<Long>
}

*

*This caters for inserting a single Entity/row and many Entity/rows for each of the 3 Entities.

The following utilises the 3 many insertions defined in the Dao to insert 3 Drinks, 4 DrinkFavourites and to then insert the 12 DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRefs (3 Drink * 4 DrinkFavorite) permutations, i.e. all possible permutations, that can be crossed referenced based upon the id's inserted.
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    lateinit var database: Database

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        database = Room.databaseBuilder(this, Database::class.java, "drinksdb")
            .allowMainThreadQueries()
            .build()
        //val firsItemtid = database.allDao().insertItem( Item(0,"X"))
        val manyItemIds = database.allDao().insertManyItems(
            listOf(
                Drink(null,"A"),
                Drink(null,"B"),
                Drink(null,"C")
            )
        )
        val manyDrinkFavouriteIds = database.allDao().insertManyDrinkFavourite(
            listOf(
                DrinkFavourite(null,"DrinkA"),
                DrinkFavourite(null,"DrinkB"),
                DrinkFavourite(null,"DrinkC"),
                DrinkFavourite(null,"DrinkD")
            )
        )

        var xrefcombos = ArrayList<DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef>()
        for(itemId: Long in manyItemIds) {
            for (dfId: Long in manyDrinkFavouriteIds) {
                xrefcombos.add( DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef(itemId,dfId.toInt()))
            }
        }
        val drinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRefIdList = database.allDao().insertManyDrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef(xrefcombos)
        for (dfadcrId in drinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRefIdList) {
            Log.d("DRKFAVDRNKXREF","Id = " + dfadcrId)
        }
    }
}

The output is :-
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 1
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 2
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 3
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 4
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 5
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 6
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 7
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 8
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 9
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 10
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 11
2020-01-17 07:46:40.621 D/DRKFAVDRNKXREF: Id = 12

i.e the 12 permutations have been added.
I don't believe that you can effectively use @Insert to do other than insertions according to the Entity/Object being inserted. To do more complex insertions based upon other values, you would use @Query with suitable SQL.
Additional
With regard to :-
data class DrinkFavouritesWithDrinks(
    @Embedded
    val item: DrinkFavourite,
    @Relation(
        parentColumn = "item_id",
        entityColumn = "drink_id",
        associateBy = Junction(DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef::class)
    )

I believe that this should be :-
data class DrinkFavouriteWithDrinks (

    @Embedded
    val drinkFavourite: DrinkFavourite,
    @Relation(
        entity =  Drink::class,
        entityColumn = "itemId",
        parentColumn = "drink_id",
        associateBy = Junction(
            DrinkFavouriteAndDrinksCrossRef::class,entityColumn = "item_id",parentColumn = "drink_id"))
    val drinks: List<Drink> = emptyList()
    )

*

*You get all the Drinks per DrinkFavourite, so singular rather than plural is a better name.

*the association needs to know the columns to associate by.

You could than have a Dao method such as :-
@Query("SELECT * FROM drinkfavourite")
fun getAllDrinkFavouritesWithDrinks() :List<DrinkFavouriteWithDrinks>

Adding to the following to the MainActivity above :-
    val drinkFavouriteWithDrinksList = database.allDao().getAllDrinkFavouritesWithDrinks()
    var sb = StringBuilder()
    for (dfwd: DrinkFavouriteWithDrinks in drinkFavouriteWithDrinksList) {
        sb.clear().append("DrinkFavourite = ").append(dfwd.drinkFavourite)
        for (d: Drink in dfwd.drinks) {
            sb.append("\n\tDrink = ").append(d.itemName)
        }
        Log.d("DRINKFAVINFO", sb.toString())
    }

Results in :-

2020-01-17 11:39:52.762 D/DRINKFAVINFO: DrinkFavourite = DrinkFavourite(drink_id=1, drinkFavouriteName=DrinkA)
      Drink = A
      Drink = B
      Drink = C
2020-01-17 11:39:52.763 D/DRINKFAVINFO: DrinkFavourite = DrinkFavourite(drink_id=2, drinkFavouriteName=DrinkB)
      Drink = A
      Drink = B
      Drink = C
2020-01-17 11:39:52.763 D/DRINKFAVINFO: DrinkFavourite = DrinkFavourite(drink_id=3, drinkFavouriteName=DrinkC)
      Drink = A
      Drink = B
      Drink = C
2020-01-17 11:39:52.763 D/DRINKFAVINFO: DrinkFavourite = DrinkFavourite(drink_id=4, drinkFavouriteName=DrinkD)
      Drink = A
      Drink = B
      Drink = C

*

*Not the best example as every DrinkFavourite has all three drinks

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The Treatment: The thought of clay being able to nourish your hair was a bit far-fetched for me, but this is a new treatment created by hair legend Maria Dowling. Once only available in the salon, this detox treatment, which combines carefully selected ingredients to revitalise neglected locks, is now on sale to the public due to popular demand. An all-natural product made from a selection of hair-loving ingredients perfect for sensitive heads, the treatment is applied to the hair and left for 20 minutes to work its magic before being thoroughly rinsed out. I was surprised to learn that once removed, no other products would be needed to make it silky and shiny. My hair was then simply blow-dried to reveal the finished result.
The Result: I was delighted to find my hair felt uplifted and had more volume. It had a healthy shine and was incredibly soft. Definitely one treatment worth checking out, however, it's recommended to repeat the process every 15 days or as needed.


Go to device manager, cd/dvd, right click, properties, update driver.
Yeah tried that and it says 'cannot continue the hardware update wizard. the wiard could not find a better match for your hardware than the software you are currently have installed. choose what you want to do. to keep the current software click finish. to search again ina nother location click back."
Go to Device Manager, right click on the CD drive, then click uninstall. Reboot. If that doesn't do the trick, the drive may be bad.
You DO NOT need to install specific device drivers. Your drive uses generic drivers that are automatically installed by Windows.
Apparently the Thinkpad R40/R40e series has an Ultrabay Plus device bay.
A CD, or DVD, or CD-RW/DVD drive module can be installed in it, or an adapter for an additional hard drive can be installed in it.
- The Ultrabay Plus "Device Bay" must be ENABLED in the "ThinkPad(R) Configuration Program".
- The "ThinkPad(R) Configuration Program" must be installed (ThinkPad Configuration Utility for Windows 98/2000/XP - see below).
- The device must be plugged all the way into the bay.
The following step is needed to activate the "ThinkPad" button located in the upper left hand corner of the system keyboard. This button will launch the Access ThinkPad application.
Go to where the files were extracted.
Double click on Setup in that folder - installs to C:\Program Files\IBM\AccessIBM folder by default.
Start the ThinkPad(R) Configuration Program.
Make sure that the display shows Enable. If it does not, select Enable from the dropdown menu, and restart your computer to make the change effective.
Slide the bay latch (1) to pop out the handle.
Attention: Make sure that when the handle pops out, the bay status indicator (2) is off and the pop-up window comes up, telling you that it is ready for replacing the device.
Pull the handle until it stops (1); then pull out the Ultrabay Plus device (2).
Insert the replaceable device into the bay; then press the device firmly into the connector.
Note: Press the handle to make sure that it is housed in position. If it is improperly housed, it might be vulnerable to damage.
Everything you need to know is in response 5.
However, a FEW of the specific models (machine types) - two out of eight listed in the manual - DO NOT have the Ultrabay Plus device bay.
.....then your specific model doesn't have that, and the optical drive is not a swappable optical drive module.
In that case, your drive is probably dead, but you could try the procedure starting on page 86 of the Hardware manual, pull out the drive, plug it in again.
- if it's motor doesn't spin, or if it spins too slowly (less than 1X speed). It should spin when the tray is retracted for at least a short time, even when there is no disk on the tray.
- if it doesn't blink it's led when it's tray is retracted.
With the computer running, insert a CD into the drive, noting its position - when the tray is retracted, the led should come on at first - give it a bit of time, then eject it - if the CD is still in the same place, the motor is not spinning at all.
Why do you seem to frequently start a topic or post in your existing topic when you're tired ?
Thanks i got the cd drive out of the bay successful and reconnected it back. Windows still did not recognise it. Ah well at least i know its not a functioning drive and the person i am passing this onto can use usb sticks to pass data from one computer to another. Or invest in a replacement drive :0) I do have a spare external cd drive that they can have anyway...:0) Thanks again for your advice...always informative Tubes!
I'm familiar with the large time difference between Aus and the US / Canada due to having emailed an online friend in the Melbourne region many times.
Since it was made in circa 2004, there are probably reasonably priced NEW replacement drives for it available on the web.
In most cases, a USB external optical drive is useless for installing XP from an XP CD, because the intial files loaded from the CD cannot recognize the the PnP ID string of the USB optical drive model. In that case, the XP CD is recognized as bootable if settings are right. , but all you see is a blue screen and nothing further happens.
:0) ah yes i forgot about your friend in Melbourne.
Oh cool thats good to know about the replacement drives.
Oh thats a good piece of info about external drives not being bootable...so are you saying it could be bootable via the bios?
If the bios Setup can be set to boot from a USB drive or a USB optical drive, there is no problem regarding being able to boot from a bootable CD or DVD in it.
The problem regarding Windows XP (and 2000) CDs is the intial files loaded from the disk cannot recognize the PnP ID string of most USB optical drive models.
Good news after a reinstall of windows the cd drive is working so my theory that the virus was blocking it was not so far fetched?
If the Windows CD was recognized fine when it was in the internal CD drive and you were able to install XP from the CD by booting the computer from the CD drive, obviously there's nothing wrong with the CD drive.
If you used your USB optical drive with the Windows CD in it to install XP, you're very fortunate that the initial files loaded from the XP CD recognized the PnP ID string of the USB optical drive model.
"OK the light never comes on so thats a bad sign. Not during boot or when putting a cd in the drive."
"Thanks i got the cd drive out of the bay successful and reconnected it back. Windows still did not recognise it."
Things can be screwed up in Windows when the bios IS recognizing the optical drive such that a CD or DVD drive is not detected correctly in Windows - in that case it DOES show up in Device Manager, but it has a yellow ! or a red X beside it.
However, that has NO EFFECT regarding whether the bios detects the drive, and only the power needs to be connected to the drive while Windows is running in order for the drive to blink it's led after the tray is retracted, and for the tray to eject and retract.
I suspect the drive DID have a POOR connection to the connector it plugs into, and that after you unplugged the CD drive and plugged it back in, the drive WAS being detected by the bios, and in Windows but not correctly.
The bios does not blink the led on an optical drive while booting the computer unless CD drive or similar is before hard drive or similar in the Boot Order or similar settings in the bios at the time the computer was booted.
You could have fixed the problem of Windows showing a problem with the CD drive in Device Manager without having to re-install Windows from scratch.
"...my theory that the virus was blocking it was not so far fetched?"
I have never encountered or heard of malware causing a problem with Windows detecting an optical drive properly, with the exception of that's possible for the crap installed by the makers of "rogue" anti-malware software the computer could have been contaminated with, and it's extremely unlikely the drive would not show up in Device Manager at all in any case if the bios is detecting it.
The crap installed by the makers of "rogue" anti-malware software MAY make some of your drives disappear, e,g, in My Computer, or Windows Explorer, but they're merely hidden. If you look in certain other places, such as Device Manager, they're still there.
Your CD drive probably had a poor connection to the connector it plugs into.
- on older desktop computers, the drive may not be detected correctly if it's connected to the secondary IDE header until AFTER the main chipset drivers have been installed for the mboard.
No i installed from the external cd drive. I found out later that the internal cd drive was working after windows was installed.
Thanks needed to reinstall windows anyway as there was a worm in it...i installed avast and it showed. I did test the cd drive with something it it and still was not working plus i have already posted that there was an ethernet issue as well. That is still in process of being solved soon i hope.
Yep there was no listing anywhere of the drive...i looked. No burn programs as it is a plain cd drive/rom.
Yep i think that connectors do fail ...sorry not good with long answers as trying to solve many other issues.
This happened to me. One morning I dropped the laptop and caught it but the dvd drive door was open and some pressure was put on it and apparently dislodged the pci connection . I didn't realize it at the time. After that my DVD RW would not show up in My Computer. No other problems and no feedback from the OS other than it not showing up in My Computer and Disc software not detecting it.
I ended up taking the drive out of the laptop and reinstalling it. It is easy to do. One philiips screw on the backside of the laptop and the drive slides right out.
Anyway I reinstalled it but to no avail. That was several months ago. All this time no Dvd drive.
I was already to order a new drive off of ebay and took the drive out again to get the part number , etc. Found one but had to put funds in my Paypal account. Done.
Thought I would give the re-install one more try.
This time I held and pushed in slightly from the front of the Drive to try and get a good seat in the connector in the back. Applying slight pressure from the front as I screwed in the screw. Thought I heard a slight snap like a connection but couldn't be sure.
Started up the laptop and walla. Got my drive back !!!!!
So before you attempt too many drastic attempts at driver removal or messing around with other settings. Make sure you remove and re-install the drive a few times. It worked for me . Hope this helps .


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