Here is your turn-key guide to the Northwest�s B Proto Speed event. Admit it -- you�ve always liked those cool-looking speed planes, but the guys were so secretive, you never really got much in the way of what to do. Well fellow geezers, worry no more. This will tell you all you need to know to enter and do well in this fun event.
Let�s review the basics. It�s a bit like golf in that ther are challenges for ANY skill level.
1. Engine: OS LA .25. No longer manufactured but very plentiful on ebay or on engine classified ads. It should take less than 1 hour of looking to find one .
Partner Products. Partner offers two models, Smokey Joe and the Blondie kit. There are basic kits and Pro kits that include all items needed except wheels and bellcrank. The prices begin at $50.00 and are well worth the extra cost for the Pro version.
Pat King has recently released a very nice Goodyear kit that meets all requirements for the event. it too includes about everything needed except wheels, tank and bellcrank. The Goodyear kit sells for $105.00, here is what Pat had to add about the kit.
The kit contains all the laser cut parts, the stick wood, the partially machined leading edge, Aluminum for the landing gear, M4 screws and nuts for axles, 4-40 button head socket cap screws for gear, 6-32 button head and blind nut for bellcrank mounting, 3/32 music wire for the skid, 1/16 music wire for the elevator joiner, and the nylon tip skid for the leadout guide. The kit does not contain the bellcrank, pushrod, or control horn. The kits sell for $105.00 plus postage from ZIP 60449.
Pat has just recently made a simple B Proto kit, it sells for $53.00 and should work every bit as well as the higher price spreads.
Strange as it seems, Brodak offers the least expensive alternative in a kit. They offer two Goodyear kits that are large enough for the event, and both under $50.00. This is a bare bones option so unlike the Partner kits will need additional items but should work every bit as well if built properly.
-- Props, APC 7x7 sport prop.
-- Spinner. 1-½" plastic, or find a Froom or Veco on E bay.
We won't worry much about this for the beginner, but here are a few things to get you into the mid 90s to 100 mph range.
Remove the stock venturi, remove the muffler, run a pressure tank (either bladder or tin pressure tank). Buy a spare head from Tower Hobbies and have it machined to .010 clearance from the piston at top dead center. If this is too difficult, remove the head shim and lap the head to the liner, run it without the head shim.
This is my choice for the most economical way to get into the event. Find some plans or draw your own. My suggestion would be to make it in a profile orientation or upright. Avoid the inverted engine as the lower cg of rotation can and will give you "interesting" takeoffs.
Half of the fun is in doing it yourself so have at it, use light wood and enjoy the process.
The rules are simple and explained here on Flying Lines.
So there ya have it, lil geezer, you can buy a kit or roll your own. Hook up lines and fly speed.
All of the kits will work well, the one with most usage would be the Partner Products models. Partner can build it for either two-line or monoline. If you choose monoline, he can also provide the torque unit as well. Another excellent source for torque units, speed bellcranks, tanks and engine modifications is "The Fast Hippie" Marty Higgs.
Feel free to contact me if you have any question regarding your project.


Addis Ababa (spelled Addis Abeba by the Ethiopian Mapping Institute) is the capital city of Ethiopia. It is also the capital of the African Union. Addis Ababa is both a city and a state. The city has people living in it from as many as 80 different countries speaking 80 different languages. There are many different communities in the city including Christian, Muslim, and Jewish communities. Addis Ababa is about 2,500 m above sea level. It has about four million people.
The site was chosen by Empress Taytu Betul. The city was founded in 1886 by her husband, Emperor Menelik II. The city is at the foot of Mount Entoto. Addis Ababa University is in the city. Addis Ababa University was formerly known as Haile Selassie I University. It was named after the former Emperor of Ethiopia, who gave his palace to be used the main campus of the university in 1961.
Addis Ababa Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


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San Luis Obispo Women's March will go on as planned
By: Dustin Klemann
Despite the cancellation of the Women's March in Eureka making national headlines, the third Women's March in San Luis Obispo will continue as planned on Jan. 19.
News station KRCR reported the march in Humbolt County was "canceled because organizers say participants do not represent the diversity of the area."
Local organizers responded to the report on Sunday.
"We have seen inaccurate reports claiming that the California women's march has been canceled," SLO organizers stated in a Facebook post. "Please know that marches are happening in the cities across California and the United States, including the one in San Luis Obispo. We are grateful for your continuous support and look forward to another successful event that will reaffirm our commitment to building a positive and just future for all people."
Thousands have attended previous marches and it appears similar numbers are pledging to attend the 2019 march. Organizers say the mission is to advocate for women's rights, human rights, as well as social and environmental justice.
It will take place at Mitchell Park at 9 a.m. Saturday Jan. 19.
You can learn more information at WomensMarchSLO.com or on social media @WomensMarchSLO.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Glam Morena: Tutorial: All That Glitters Is Gold.
Tutorial: All That Glitters Is Gold.
There are so many different ways people spice up a neutral look. I normally add a pop of color to my neutral look, but this time I decided to add some GLITTER! Using a loose glitter tends to be so messy. I used my NYX Liquid Crystal Liner and applied it to my lids. It got cloudy out while I was filming this tutorial, so it didn't pick up as well on the video.
This is such an easy and super pretty tutorial :) Thanks for sharing.
And thank you for the greeting. I'm super excited lol.


Vedanta: Teachings of Swami Vivekananda from first Std. to tenth Std.
Teachings of Swami Vivekananda from first Std. to tenth Std.
As per the order the SECRT has introduced the teachings of Swamiji from 1st Std. to 10th Std.
A.P. Govt has not only issued order but also allotted extra funds for this work.
A.P. Govt has also made arrangement to introduce the syllabus in 8 languages i.e. Telugu, Hindi, English, Urudhu, Tamil, Kannada, Marathi, Oria. This is laudable effort.
Sri Ramakrishna Math, Hyderabad has requested the A.P. Govt to introduce the teachings of Swamiji to school children. Accordingly, Govt has implemented this.
This is the wonderful opportunity given by A.P. Govt to their children to become a good citizen in future. Whether T.N. Govt will also follow the same?


When photographer David Gonzales Buendia learned that the expedition sailing ship Barba was looking for a resident photographer he was all aboard.
Or so it seems. The 24-year-old from Hawaii is a multiple-time world champion of stand-up paddling, a dominant wind- and kitesurfer, and one of the most fearless big-wave riders on the planet. His combination of talents would seem impossible if he didn't make it all look so easy.


Better than the beer to check out this odd looking woman with three breasts.
Kiss Tobacco - Israel - Banned as it contains "obscenity and ressemblance of human beings"
Paddy Power - Ireland - Banned as "the betting odds referred to each woman's chances of either being knocked down by the truck were offensive and demeaned older people" .
Energizer - Chile - Rejected by the client.
NO2ID - UK - Most Complained as "the barcode on Tony Blair's upper lip made him resemble Hitler, which was offensive" .
Killer Heels by NMA - UK - Banned as it "trivialised and stylised violence".
Gucci - UK - Banned commercial.
Six Feet Under TV Series - UK - Banned as they were "offensive, shocking and likely to cause undue distress".
Russian Finance Magazine - RUSSIA - Banned for being "immoral" .
Towers Anti-Smoking Campaign - CHINA - Rejected as "inappropriate" .
The Breast Cancer Fund - USA - Rejected by advertising spaces run by Viacom "over fears that its depiction of mastectomy scars would prove to be too shocking to the public" .
The Rules of Attraction (movie) - USA - Banned as "the copulating toys were considered offensive and obscene".


Cross your fingers – it looks like there will be fireworks out West this year! To celebrate our independence, there are 23 fun events happening over two weeks, from burgers, barbecue and s'mores to live music, parades and wine-tasting. Below, a round-up with links to more info.


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Group of 9 countries pledge military aid for Ukraine
A group of nine countries pledged a raft of new military aid for Ukraine, they said in a statement on Thursday ahead of a crunch meeting on arms for Kyiv scheduled to take place in Germany on Friday.
The aid from countries including Estonia, Latvia and Poland will include tens of stinger air defence systems, s-60 anti-aircraft guns, machine guns and training, according to a statement.
British NATO troops stand guard during a news conference of British Secretary of State for Defence Ben Wallace, Baltic defence ministers and representatives from other NATO members in Tapa Army Base, Estonia, January 19, 2023. REUTERS/Ints Kalnins
Estonian Defence Minister Hanno Pevkur speaks during a news conference with British Secretary of State for Defence Ben Wallace in Tapa Army Base, Estonia, January 19, 2023. REUTERS/Ints Kalnins
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The Memphis Police Chief is warning the footage of Tyre Nichols' arrest in Tennessee shows a "disregard for humanity". The man accused of killing seven people in Half Moon Bay, California, has reportedly admitted to the shooting. The Federal Reserve could be pumping the breaks on its interest rate hikes. 11 ISIS members have been killed in Somalia. Plus, the FDA says it's time to start regulating CBD products.
To learn more about how CNN protects listener privacy, visit cnn.com/privacy


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Cherry-Poppin' Daddies
Salt Lake City's Blues On First aim to move your ass and expand your horizons.
by Randy Harward
You know, the blues will take you from A to Z. It'll make you laugh, it'll make you cry. It'll do everything for a friend—that would be you—short of paying your bar tab. And it's ground zero for all that music you think is hipper than the blues. Not a believer? Well, it'll turn an atheist into a zealot.
"We've played gigs for people from teenagers to you-name-it how old and they all just really got the groove from the music," says Blues On First vocalist-harpsman Nick Greco. "They just dig it. It's universal music; it touches everybody. I believe that."
Amen, brother Greco. Pass the bottle, would ya?
Blues On First (Greco, guitarist Paul Blandford, bassist Bo Gravino and drummer Fred Marcin) is Salt Lake's resident blues band, leaders in a small yet vibrant section of the local music scene. Formed in 1994, BOF was originally the house band at the Old Bottling House, the main attraction on Fridays and Saturdays and the chassis of their Sunday night blues jams. Now, with Rick Welter's Tempo Timers having called it a day, the band steps up to fill the void, moving asses at every blues-friendly club in the state, plus a few festivals, with their incisive interpretations of blues classics, standards and rarities. Local blues fans couldn't be more delighted; Blues On First both knows their stuff and struts it.
But Blues On First wants to reach a new crowd. Don't get 'em wrong—they're happy as pigs in … well, you know … to play for seasoned blues fans. But one thing they really dig is poppin' cherries, laying the blues—real blues, like Freddie King, Elmore James—on new ears, specifically those whose blues experience encompasses only Clapton, Stevie Ray and the Allman Brothers.
Says Greco, "I think there's a lot of people that get to a point where they wanna look back and they discover blues. Younger people start figuring out that all music they love came from blues and it makes me feel great, when they listen to our stuff and say, "I love it! It's fantastic … it moves me."
But sure enough, job one is the show, providin' the groove that makes bodies move. You'll hear as much at their packed gigs at the Owl Bar and the Dead Goat Saloon. Greco's voice is liquid blues, 136-proof; his harp-blowin' spot-on in a Sonny Boy Williamson tune. Blandford's Strat spits tasty licks, and Marcin (a former Tempo Timer) and Gravino lay down dangerous grooves. Sometimes they even blow themselves away, as with a particularly inspired set that was captured—unintentionally—on the band's Live at the Dead Goat Saloon (BluesOnFirst.com).
"We were just archiving and initially had no intention of releasing the recording," says Blandford. "We were thinking that this was just another normal gig," says Marcin. "No one in the band ever realized what we were doing would eventually wind up being a live CD." Greco finishes: "But we found the groove for 10 songs and [after listening to the soundboard tapes] somebody said we oughta burn 'em and we all agreed."
They're proud of the disc, but one gets the impression it's the next show that turns them on. The next crowd, the next new recruit, the experience itself. The thrill of taking a crowd on a blues journey from A to Z. Whoever "one" is, he's right.
"For me," says Blandford, "to be a part of a show is essential. I think one of the reasons that blues is a popular music is because people are invited to take part and to respond to it. There's a communication going on. It means nothing unless it means something to the listeners. You have to drink it, inhale it and let it envelop you, lights down, volume up."
As a parting shot, Gravino issues an invitation: "Come try it out for yourself—then you can get a clear picture. Bandages not included!"
Blues On First, Dead Goat Saloon, 119 South West Temple, Saturday Aug 31 9:30 pm.


It's hardly a secret that Midtown is one of Atlanta's most lively communities — especially along the "Midtown Mile", a mixed-use corridor along Peachtree Street stretching from North Avenue to 15th Street. Gorgeous city skylines and convenient access to the downtown I-75/85 corridor are complemented by diverse neighbors and a walkable community bustling with a variety of dining, shopping, and entertainment options. Midtown real estate is an eclectic mix of picturesque urban architecture featuring everything from upscale high-rises to historic bungalows with architectural styles including everything from Classical to Post-Modern, Art Deco to Craftsman, and everything in between. There is something for everyone in Midtown Atlanta!
Midtown is the "heart of the arts" featuring world-class theaters, museums, and historically significant architecture. The Fabulous Fox Theater, built in 1929, is a stunning example of architectural grandeur and serves as Midtown's most elegant host for hundreds of performances each year including popular Broadway shows, summer film series, and renowned musicians. Midtown is also home to the southeast's preeminent art museum. The recently renovated High Museum houses a permanent collection of over 17,000 artworks including iconic masterpieces and regionally significant work in addition to hosting an impressive schedule of rotating special exhibitions. As part of the Woodruff Arts Center, along with the Alliance Theater, The High is a central part of Atlanta's cultural landscape hosting monthly adult social activities, free museum days, children's activities, and high society events. In addition to these iconic institutions, you'll find the nationally acclaimed Center for Puppetry Arts featuring a permanent collection of Jim Henson's work as well as numerous local theaters and galleries in Midtown. History buffs and architecture enthusiasts will enjoy close proximity to many significant landmarks including the Margaret Mitchell House, Rhodes Hall, and numerous mansions, churches, and buildings from a century or more past peppered throughout Midtown.
The entire city of Atlanta is well-known for its lush green cityscapes and Midtown is no exception. A focal point of the community year-round, 189-acre Piedmont Park features miles of walking trails, sports fields, tennis courts, fishing ponds, splash pad, swimming pool, dog park, and picnic areas. This lush green Midtown centerpiece serves as both a respite from the bustle of city life and, during warmer weather, a hub of festivals too numerous to list including the Atlanta Jazz Festival and Music Midtown featuring top entertainers. At the adjacent Atlanta Botanical Gardens, nature enthusiasts will find one of the southeast's most impressive collections of flora and outdoor art installations from internationally renowned artists as well as a 40-foot high 600-foot long canopy walk through one of Atlanta's last urban forests. From Piedmont Park, residents also have easy access to the Atlanta Beltline's Eastside Trail connecting them by foot or bicycle to many of Atlanta's other exciting neighborhoods like the Old Fourth Ward and West Side. Lined with popular shopping, restaurants, bars, parks, and some of the hottest properties in Atlanta, the Atlanta Beltline is a 25-year long project that will ultimately increase Atlanta's green space by 40% and connect 2,000 acres of new and existing parks. The Eastside Trail, completed in 2012, is already wildly popular with Midtown Atlanta residents offering exciting experiences like the Annual Atlanta Lantern Parade every October and twice annual outdoor art installations featuring murals, sculptures, and performance art.
While Atlanta is infamous for stand-still traffic and long commutes, many Midtown residents enjoy a welcome respite thanks to convenient access to mass transit via multiple MARTA stations. a robust community of businesses that call Midtown home, and an abundance of shopping, dining, recreation, and entertainment options always just a short walk away.
If you are looking for a vibrant, bustling, high-energy, walkable, in-town neighborhood with plenty of character ideal for your active lifestyle, Team Sterling can help you find your next home or condo in Midtown Atlanta. Contact us today!


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La Capitanía General de Granada fue un oficio español encargado del mando, de la organización y de la jurisdicción del ejército en el Reino de Granada.

Historia
La Capitanía de Granada fue creada tras la conquista completa del reino nazarí de Granada en 1492, siendo la primera de su índole creada en la Corona de Castilla. Su principal cometido era la defensa costera del reino, amenazado desde África, y el control sobre la población mudéjar, llamada morisca a partir de 1502. Recayó como cargo vitalicio y hereditario en los marqueses de Mondéjar, alcaides de la Alhambra, y su sede se instaló en dicha fortaleza.

Aunque la Casa de Mondéjar apenas tenía señoríos en el reino de Granada (que se limitaban a Agrón), la Capitanía General permitió a la casa nobiliaria tejer una fuerte red clientelar y de patronazgo en dicho territorio. A ello debió contribuir notablemente su parentesco con la Casa del Cenete y con la Casa del Infantado, las tres del linaje de los Mendoza. Tanto el duque del Infantado como el marqués del Cenete, posteriormente unidos en la misma persona, sí que tenían un abundante número de señoríos jurisdiccionales en el reino. Sin embargo los enfrentamientos jurisdiccionales entre el Capitán General y el señor feudal más poderoso del reino de Granada, el marqués de los Vélez, Capitán General del Reino de Murcia, fueron constantes. Asimismo fueron frecuentes en este periodo las conflictos y disputas entre la Capitanía, la Chancillería de Granada y los concejos municipales. El funcionamiento de la Capitanía General como tribunal militar y la subsiguiente utilización del fuero militar, sirvió en ocasiones para eludir la justicia ordinaria.

La Capitanía General de Granada estuvo durante tres generaciones en manos de los marqueses de Mondejár, hasta que el III marqués fue privado de dicho cargo por mandato real en 1570, en castigo por su actuación al frente del ejército durante la Rebelión de las Alpujarras. Durante este periodo la Capitanía General de Granada fue un órgano con atribuciones militares, gubernativas y políticas, que sin embargo fue devaluado desde el punto de vista político por decisión real en 1574, cuando pasó a denominarse Capitanía General de la Costa y fue relegada a una función estrictamente militar.

Capitanes generales de Granada

Íñigo López de Mendoza y Quiñones, I capitán general de Granada;
Luis Hurtado de Mendoza y Pacheco, II capitán general de Granada;
Íñigo López de Mendoza y Mendoza, III y último capitán general de Granada.

Véase también

Anexo:Adelantados mayores del reino de Granada

Enlaces externos

JIMÉNEZ ESTRELLA, Antonio. "Mondéjar versus los Vélez: tensiones entre la capitanía general y el poder señorial antes de la rebelión morisca." Los señoríos en la Andalucía Moderna. El Marquesado de los Vélez. Coord. por Francisco Andújar Castillo y Julián Pablo Díaz López. ISBN 978-84-8108-410-8 2007. Págs. 285-294.
JIMÉNEZ ESTRELLA, Antonio. "La capitanía general del Reino de Granada: Apuntes sobre la evolución histórica de una institución político-militar en el siglo XVI". Qalat. ISSN 1579-5438. N.º 3. 2002. Págs. 111-136.
JIMÉNEZ ESTRELLA, Antonio. "La alcaidia de la Alhambra tras la rebelión morisca y su restitución al quinto Marqués de Mondéjar". Chronica nova: Revista de historia moderna de la Universidad de Granada. ISSN 0210-9611. N.º 27. 2000. Págs. 23-51.
JIMÉNEZ ESTRELLA, Antonio. "La Capitanía General fue en el siglo XVI un órgano político, militar, gubernativo y fiscal". Departamento de Historia Moderna y de América de la Universidad de Granada. Dirigido por Juan Luis Castellano Castellano.
JIMÉNEZ ESTRELLA, Antonio. "La capitanía general del Reino de Granada durante el reinado de Carlos V". ''Carlos V europeísmo y universalidad. Congreso internacional. Granada mayo 2000. Coord. por Francisco Sánchez-Montes González y Juan Luis Castellano Castellano. Vol. 2. 2001. ISBN 84-95146-78-9 Págs. 339-368.
ROMERO PEÑA, Aleix. "Antonio Jiménez Estrella: Poder, ejército y gobierno en el siglo XVI. La Capitanía General de Granada y sus agentes." Tiempos modernos: Revista Electrónica de Historia Moderna. Vol. 5. N.º 14. 2006.

Capitanía General de Granada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home Entertainment Bollywood Fire: Kangana Asks Gov't to Take Back Civilian Award Given to...
Bollywood Fire: Kangana Asks Gov't to Take Back Civilian Award Given to Karan Johar
New Delhi (Sputnik): Bollywood's Kangana Ranaut is equally at ease as a rebel on screen and off-screen. She is known as an actress with controversy on her hip. She has been calling out names in tinsel town over "masked chauvinism and double standards".
Bollywood rebel Kangana Ranaut has come out against producer Karan Johar, with whom she has had a long-running feud, and asked the federal government to take back the civilian award, Padma Shri conferred upon him.
She alleged Karan had asked her to leave the industry at an international platform, conspired to sabotage Sushant Singh Rajput's career, and now made an anti-national film against the Indian Army – "Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl".
I request government of India to take KJO's PadmaShri back,he openly intimidated me and asked me to leave the industry on an international platform,conspired to sabotage Sushanth's career,he supported Pakistan during Uri battle and now antinational film against our Army. https://t.co/KEgVEDpMrF
— Kangana Ranaut (@KanganaTeam) August 18, 2020
Kangana also alleged that Sushant Singh Rajput committed suicide because the actor was ostracised by the privileged club of Bollywood.
"Sushant's friend Sunil Shukla said Sushant was depressed by unfair treatment meted out to him by the film industry and Karan Johar had plotted to finish his career", Kangna tweeted in Hindi.
सुशाँत के मित्र सुनील शुक्ला ने बताया सुशांत अक्सर फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री में उनके साथ किए गए अनैतिक बर्ताव से मायूस रेहते थे, करण जौहर ने उनका केरीयर ख़त्म करने की साज़िश रची। https://t.co/cz90I0p1ws
The feud between the two started with Kangana calling the director "the flag-bearer of nepotism" during his show, Koffee with Karan.
"Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl" is a biopic about Indian Air Force pilot Gunjan Saxena produced by Karan Johar that has also come in for criticism from the pilot's course-mates.
Retired Wing Commander Namrita Chandi, who served as a helicopter pilot said she never faced the kind of abuse and maltreatment as portrayed in the movie.
Srividya Rajan, course-mate of Gunjan Saxena at Udhampur Air Force Base dismissed the claim in the film that Gunjan was the only lady pilot to fly in Kargil operations in 1999.
"This is factually incorrect. We were posted together to Udhampur and when the Kargil conflict started, I was the first women pilot to be sent along with the male counterparts…..", wrote Srividya Rajan in a Facebook post.
The film was about a nation at war and women's everyday war against workplace discrimination.
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The case looks nice and provides good protection. It has a very lightweight feel and isn't bulky at all. I'm very pleased with the case and wish I had known about it sooner.
Slim case , good design but get a case friendly screen protector!
The black s8 phone case is simple and sleek, Fits perfectly on my phone even with a screen protector, and the shipping time was reasonable.


We're a small but perfectly formed team focused on making your business more successful.
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We'll digitise and backup all the footage (otherwise known as "rushes") and log everything that has been shot to ensure when we're editing we're referring to the best takes. Once a draft edit we call "picture lock" is approved by you we'll colour grade the footage to create the desired look for your film, create and add any motion graphic effects, music and voice over before performing the final sound mix. Then we'll master it for the web or broadcast TV for the world to see.
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We make films that showcase your companies unique aspects and encourage customers to take action.


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You are Watching Crime Scene: The Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel
The notorious Cecil Hotel grows in infamy when guest Elisa Lam vanishes. From the creator of "The Ted Bundy Tapes," a dive into crime's darkest places.
Talented and successful surgeon Daniel Milton has his world shattered when his wife Beth develops a fatal degenerative disease. After conventional treatment options run out, Daniel partners with the lonely…
US police chief Bill Hixon lands in Lincolnshire with his 14 year-old daughter Kelsey, hoping to flee their recent painful past. New community forces Bill to question everything about himself.
30 min min
Gad is a hugely famous comedian…In France.
Colin Quinn: Red State Blue State
Comedian Colin Quinn talks about American politics and how divided the country is.
America Divided
In the run-up to the 2016 presidential election, features narratives around inequality in education, housing, healthcare, labor, criminal justice and the political system.
An examination of the nature of human perception and how it can be fooled.
Genre: Comedy, Documentary, Drama, Game-Show, Reality-TV
Charlie, a struggling DJ and eternal bachelor is given a final chance at success when he reluctantly becomes a manny to his famous best friends problem-child daughter.
Tarantula is an animated half hour comedy written by Carson Mell (Silicon Valley, Eastbound and Down) and executive produced by Danny McBride and Rough House Pictures. Set at the Tierra…
Looking at the lives of former and current football players, the show follows former superstar Spencer Strasmore as he gets his life on track in retirement while mentoring other current…
Alternatino with Arturo Castro
A sketch show based on Arturos experiences as a Latino millennial in the United States.
When a body is found on the bridge between Denmark and Sweden, right on the border, Danish inspector Martin Rohde and Swedish Saga Norén have to share jurisdiction and work…
Country: Denmark, Germany, Sweden
Genre: Crime, Mystery, Thriller
Film star Vince Chase navigates the vapid terrain of Los Angeles with a close circle of friends and his trusty agent.
Trailer: Crime Scene: The Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel


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Меса Редонда има више значења:

 Меса Редонда (Урике), насеље у савезној држави Чивава у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Ваље де Гвадалупе), насеље у савезној држави Халиско у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Такамбаро), насеље у савезној држави Мичоакан у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Тулсинго), насеље у савезној држави Пуебла у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Чаркас), насеље у савезној држави Сан Луис Потоси у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Чоис), насеље у савезној држави Синалоа у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Атлзајанка), насеље у савезној држави Тласкала у Мексику
 Меса Редонда (Табаско), насеље у савезној држави Закатекас у Мексику


Information on Tasmanian commercial and recreational wild fisheries stock assessments and marine research.
Stock assessments of wild fisheries in Tasmania are conducted by the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies at UTAS.
Find out the latest on Tasmanian recreational fishing surveys and research into commonly caught species.
Caught a tagged fish? Information on who to contact.


text:
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Short Story Rich Games to Fit in During Your Exams: Part 2
Featured Indie and Retro
November 1, 2021 November 1, 2021 4 min read Soham Sevak
Stuck in a busy work schedule, wishing you could play as many games as you used to? Find yourself thinking why the hell do they make them so long these days? You came to the right place.
Twice a year, I have to cut back on everything I hold dear to ensure that my final assignments are turned in on time and the exams cleared with a good score. Novels are put away, TV shows and films avoided, and games are a big no-no. At least the long ones. Right on schedule and same as the last semester, here's a list of three story rich games that you can finish in a matter of hours that will leave you refreshed for more work (well, not really, but it'll make it easier).
No, 12 Minutes does not run for 12 minutes. In fact, it runs far longer than I'd like to devote to a game in a single day (5 hours) during exams, so it's best to split this one across the week.
A regular evening after work goes terribly wrong when a cop breaks into your apartment and arrests your wife. Resistance is futile, as he overpowers you with ease. As the last breath is being choked out of your lungs … you're walking through the front door again, as it all began. Another experiment in casting Hollywood stars (James McAvoy, Daisy Ridley, and Willem Dafoe) in video games, 12 Minutes is a time-loop thriller that's equal parts provocative and frustrating.
Less talking, more solving
Image: Annapurna Interactive
The dialogue is sharply written, and this concise nature leaves little room for emotions beside surprise and shock. Time is the real enemy here; with about 10 minutes given to you in each loop, there's bound to be less time for emotional impact and more devoted to figuring out the mystery behind it all. The novelty wears off at some point, and then frustration at the repetition necessary to experiment with actions and dialogue sets in. The top-down perspective and prospect of uncovering the mystery lend it some weight, keeping the players invested.
The Fidelio Incident
Love chequered pasts and plane crashes in the middle of nowhere? The Fidelio Incident, best known for being spearheaded by Ken Feldman, former art director of God of War 3, is a walking simulator set in the harsh, frozen Icelandic plains. As Stanley, you must locate your wife Leonore after an unfortunate crash in the desolate landscape. Bits of their mysterious past are revealed through pages from Leonore's scattered journal that you encounter along the way.
Image: Act 3 Games
The gameplay takes inspiration from Amnesia, where staying too long in the darkness drives the player insane. Here, the dark is replaced by the icy landscape. In The Fidelio Incident, ice crackles across the screen the longer you stay in the freezing winds, until you're completely overcome by the cold. Refuge can be found near the flaming pieces of debris from the crash and strangely, geysers of steam from pipes.
With a well-acted story unfurling over a breezy couple of hours, this is the perfect game for busy times when you need a quick break without losing your focus for the rest of the week.
Image: Kaigan Games
Simulacra is a found-phone horror game where you try to uncover the mysterious disappearance of its owner by reading texts, watching her vlogs and surfing the web. Gameplay is minimalistic and involves simple puzzles such as piecing together images or unscrambling jumbled sentences to recover corrupted data. While I would call it a decent attempt at a horror game from an indie studio, there are still several gaping flaws here. The biggest one is the frequent spelling and grammatical errors, along with scripted calls and videos that do not fit in with the urgent tone of the game. However, it is the type of mindless fun you can have without having to worry about keeping an eye out for subtext and deeper meaning – which makes it perfect for busy times.
Which games do you play when you're busy and can't commit to the next Assassin's Creed? Let us know in the comments below! Follow our Twitter page and keep up-to-date with our latest features and reviews, and don't forget to check out our latest YouTube video!
Looking for something different? Why not take a look at the top unsolved mysteries in the Skyrim universe?
Horror, indie, PC, short, Story-Rich, thriller, walking simulator
Top 5 Unsolved Mysteries In The Skyrim Universe
Visage Review – Pushing the Boundaries of Horror in Video Games
Papers, Please: a critical view at border policies through a dystopian lens
As Dusk Falls Review – a gripping family/crime drama
Syberia: The World Before Review – You Can Never Go Home Again
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text:
package com.codepath.simpletodo;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private final int REQUEST_CODE = 20;

    ArrayList<TodoItem> items;
    ArrayAdapter<TodoItem> itemsAdapter;
    ListView lvItems;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        lvItems = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvItems);

        //
        //debug
        TodoItemDatabase db = new TodoItemDatabase(this);
        //db.deleteAllItems();
        //

        //read items from DB
        readItems();

        itemsAdapter = new TodoItemsAdapter(this, this.items);

        lvItems.setAdapter(itemsAdapter);

        setupListViewListener();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    /**
     * Add item when user clicks the "add item" button
     * @param v View
     */
    public void onAddItem(View v) {
        EditText etNewItem = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etNewItem);
        String itemText = etNewItem.getText().toString();

        //calculate position of new item
        TodoItemDatabase db = new TodoItemDatabase(this);
        int position = db.getMaxPosition() + 1;

        //add new item to adapter
        TodoItem newItem = new TodoItem(itemText, position);
        itemsAdapter.add(newItem);
        etNewItem.setText("");

        //write new item to DB
        this.writeItem(newItem);
    }

    private void setupListViewListener() {

        // A long click deletes the item
        lvItems.setOnItemLongClickListener(
            new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<?> adapter,
                        View view, int pos, long id) {

                    deleteItemAtPosition(pos);
                    return true;
                }
        });

        // A regular click edits the item
        lvItems.setOnItemClickListener(
                new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapter, View view, int pos, long id) {

                        TodoItem item = items.get(pos);

                        String itemText = item.getBody();

                        //launch the edit item activity
                        launchEditItemActivity(pos, itemText, item.getId());
                    }
                }

        );
    }

    /**
     * Launches the edit item activity
     * @param pos   int position of the item being edited
     * @param text  String text of the item being edited
     * @param id    int item id
     */
    private void launchEditItemActivity(int pos, String text, int id) {
        //Is there a difference to param 1 being MainActivity.this or this?
        Intent i = new Intent(this, EditItemActivity.class);

        //Add pos and id into the bundle
        i.putExtra("position", pos);
        i.putExtra("text", text);
        i.putExtra("id", id);

        startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_CODE);
    }

    /**
     * Read all items from the DB
     */
    private void readItems() {

        //read items from DB
        TodoItemDatabase db = new TodoItemDatabase(this);

        this.items = (ArrayList) db.getAllTodoItems();
    }

    /**
     * Writes a single item to the DB
     * @param item TodoItem
     */
    private void writeItem(TodoItem item) {
        TodoItemDatabase db = new TodoItemDatabase(this);

        db.addTodoItem(item);
    }

    /**
     * Deletes item with given position
     * @param position int
     */
    private void deleteItemAtPosition(int position) {

        //Delete from DB
        TodoItem item = items.get(position);
        TodoItemDatabase db = new TodoItemDatabase(this);
        db.deleteTodoItem(item);

        //remove from memory
        items.remove(position);
        itemsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
            String text = data.getExtras().getString("text");
            int position = data.getExtras().getInt("position");
            int id = data.getExtras().getInt("id");

            Toast.makeText(this, "Updated "+text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            updateItemWithNewText(text, position, id);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Updates item with given position and text
     * @param text String
     * @param postion int
     * @param id int
     */
    private void updateItemWithNewText(String text, int position, int id) {

        //create new item
        TodoItem newItem = new TodoItem(text, position);
        newItem.setId(id);

        items.set(position, newItem);
        itemsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        //update item in DB
        TodoItemDatabase db = new TodoItemDatabase(this);
        //TodoItem item = db.getTodoItem(id);
        newItem.setBody(text);
        db.updateTodoItem(newItem);
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Everything you should know about Oklahoma's special sessions
David Blatt // February 28, 2018 // Updated: May 2, 2019
Bill Watch // OK Policy Blog // Budget & Tax
Governor Mary Fallin called two special sessions of the Legislature in 2017-18. The first was aimed at filling a $215 million hole to the budgets of three health agencies – the Department of Mental Health and Substance Services, Department of Human Services, and Oklahoma Health Care Authority – that was triggered by the Supreme Court decision striking down the smoking cessation fee passed in May. The Governor also insisted that special session provide long-term budget solutions. The second special session began in December 2017 and then ran concurrently with the 2018 regular session from February through mid-April. In late March and early April, the House and Senate passed a series of revenue and funding measures aimed at providing raises for teachers and other workers, as well as boosting operating support for schools. The second special session adjourned on April 19th.
This page will continue to be updated to reflect the most recent developments.
(Last Updated: April 20, 2018, 9:00 am)
The first eight-week special session convened on Monday September 25th and adjourned on Friday November 17th. After efforts to pass a "grand bargain" revenue plan fell short, Gov. Fallin used her line-item veto authority to veto all but five sections of the General Appropriations bill, stating that the bill "does not provide a long-term solution to the recurring budget deficits". The non-vetoed section provided enough revenue to avert imminent cuts to the three health agencies. The Governor announced she would call a new special session "in the near future."
In December, lawmakers convened in the second special session and passed supplemental funding measures for the Oklahoma Health Care Authority and Department of Human Services. Special session reconvened on February 5th, concurrently with regular session, to address a series of bills that emerged from the Step Up Oklahoma plan. Following the failure of the main Step Up revenue bill, HB 1033xx, legislative leaders turned to closing out the FY 2018 budget by introducing a new General Appropriations bill, HB 1020xx, that filled most of the remaining shortfall for the three health agencies by spreading $46 million in cuts across all appropriated agencies.
On March 26th, the House passed a set of bills that give teachers and other school employees and state workers a pay raise, as well as increasing operating support for schools. Most of these increases will be funded with new revenue approved in HB 1010xx, which passed the both chambers with enough votes to clear the three-quarters supermajority requirement for revenue bills. The Legislature also passed pay raise bills and the FY 2019 education appropriation bill. The Senate subsequently voted to approve bills that expanded collections from online sales and from tribal gaming, while repealing a new lodging tax that was part of HB 1010xx. A group opposed to tax increases, Oklahoma Taxpayers United!, has announced plans for a veto referendum to challenge HB 1010xx.
The Senate adjourned special Session on April 17th and the House followed suit April 19th.
Proposals to avert/end a teacher and state employee walk-out
In early March, the Oklahoma Education Association, which represents nearly 40,000 teachers and school employees, called on the Legislature to support a proposal to increase funding for public education and state services. The association warned that "If the Legislature cannot fund education and core state services by the legal deadline of April 1, we are prepared to close schools and stay at the Capitol until it gets done." The Oklahoma Public Employees Association, which is the largest group representing state employees, announced that their members would join the teachers' walkout on April 2nd unless lawmakers passed a significant state employee pay raise.
On March 26th, House leaders unveiled and quickly voted to approve a set of bills intended to provide teachers, school support staff, and state employees a pay raise, as well as increasing school operating support.
Click here to Download this graphic as a PDF.
The House passed two main revenue measures to fund the increases:
HB 1010xx increases the cigarette tax by $1.00 per package and changes how other tobacco products are taxed; raises the motor fuel tax by $0.03 per gallon for gasoline and $0.06 per gallon for diesel fuel; raises the initial gross production tax rate from 2 percent to 5 percent for the first 36 months of production, and assesses a new $5.00 per night hotel occupancy tax. The bill is projected to raise $475 million in FY 2019, of which $448 million will be available for appropriation. The bill managed to win supermajority support in both chambers, passing the House 79-19 and the Senate 36-10, and has been signed by the Governor. Senate passage was based on an agreement to rescind the new hotel tax, which lowers the bill's fiscal impact by $44 million in FY 2019 . HB 1012xx, the vehicle to repeal the hotel tax, passed the House on March 29th and the Senate April 6th and was signed by Governor Fallin.
HB 1011xx caps itemized deductions at $17,000 per year but excludes charitable contributions and medical expenses that are deductible for federal income tax purposes. HB 1011 is expected to generate $94 million, of which $84 million may be appropriated for FY 2019. HB 1011 also passed both chambers and was signed by the Governor.
The House and Senate gave overwhelming approval to three pay raise measures, which were signed by the Governor:
HB 1023xx adjusts the minimum teacher salary schedule to provide increases of 15.8 percent to 18.25 percent for certified education personnel (except superintendents), depending on their years of experience and degree level. In dollar terms, the raises range from $5,000 for a first-year teacher with a bachelor's degree to $8,395 for a 25-year teacher with a doctorate. The average salary increase is $6,100. The bill is projected to cost $353.5 million in FY 2019. An amendment to HB 1023 that was part of the final bill requires districts to provide the full pay raise to all teachers, including those who were already paid above the minimum salary schedule.
HB 1024xx provides raises to state employees ranging from $2,000 per year for employees currently earning under $40,000 per year to $750 per year for workers earning over $60,000 a year. The measure is expected to cost $63.8 million.
HB 1026xx provides a raise of $1,250 to all school support employees, at a cost of $52 million.
In addition, the House passed HB 3705, a regular session bill, that funds the State Department of Education for FY 2019. The Department's total appropriation will be $2.912 billion, which represents a $480 million increase, or 19.0 percent, from their FY 2018 appropriation. In addition to funding for teacher and support satff pay raises, the Department receives an additional $50 million to fund textbooks and instructional materials ($33M) and restore cuts to this year's education budget ($17M), along with some $24 million to cover increased health benefit costs.
Following passage of the funding increases and tax measures, teachers in many school districts launched a walkout on April 2nd. Two additional funding measures passed both chambers during the first week of the walkout and were signed by the Governor.
HB 3375: Amends state-tribal gaming compacts to include nonhouse-banked games, commonly referred to as ball and dice. HB 3375 has an estimated fiscal impact of $24M in FY 2019, with revenue dedicated to the HB 1017 Education Reform Fund;
HB 1019xx: Requires third-party retailers operating through online sites such as Amazon.com to collect sales tax. HB 1019xx has an estimated fiscal impact of $19.56 in FY 2019 and $20.5M in subsequent year,s with the money dedicated to the HB 1017 Education Reform Fund.
Despite pressure from teachers and their supporters over the course of the walkout, Republican legislative leaders refused to consider additional revenue measures. After nine days of a strong presence at the Capitol, the Oklahoma Education Association called for an end to the teacher walkout on April 12th. The Oklahoma Public Employees Association announced they would no longer be participating in walkouts that same day. Most school districts that had been closed during the walkout resumed classes the week of April 16th.
Following the end of the walkout, the House gave final passage to HB 1014xx, that allocates increased motor fuel tax revenue to the ROADS Fund in lieu of income tax revenues that will be directed to the General Revenue fund as of FY 2020. HB 1010xx specifies that after FY 2019, revenue from the $1 increase in the tobacco tax – $144 million – that is initially going to the Generate Revenue Fund will be apportioned to a new Health Care Enhancement Fund, which will be dedicated for health care purposes (HB 1016xx). If that money is added to existing health care funding, other revenues will be needed to pay the recurring cost of the pay raises and school operating expenses, as well as any future increases. See also our fact sheet that looks at whether new spending commitments have been fully funded.
In total, lawmakers approved increased spending commitments of $543 million, along with new revenue of $531 million that is available for appropriation in FY 2019 (see our Infographic). See OK Policy's blog post on the education funding package here, our statement here and a summary by the Oklahoma State School Boards Association here.
The Senate adjourned special session sine die on April 17th, followed by the House on April 19th. The second special session lasted four months, during which the House met for 32 days and the Senate met for 30 days.
Opponents of tax increases have signaled their opposition to file a veto referendum petition that could prevent the main revenue bill, HB 1010xx, along with the teacher and state employee pay raise bills, from taking effect.
Earlier in March, Republican leaders introduced various teacher pay and revenue proposals.
On March 12th, the Senate introduced floor amendments to two bills intended to generate revenue for teacher and state employee pay raises. An amendment to HB 1033xx would raise the gross production tax on oil and gas wells from 2 to 4 percent for the first 36 months of production, and increase the state sales tax from 4.5 to 5.5 percent. An amendment to SB 861 would make groceries exempt from the state portion of the sales tax. The bills were not brought up for consideration and Senate leaders announced later in the week that they would not move ahead with sales tax changes.
On March 14th, the Senate unveiled and quickly scheduled late-night votes on floor amendment to three bills that would have provided a teacher pay raise (SB 133), restored the refundable state Earned Income Tax Credit (SB 861) and raised the cigarette tax, motor fuel tax, and gross production tax (HB 1033xx). The first two measures, which needed simple majorities, passed but were contingent on passage of HB 1033xx, which fell short of gaining the three-quarters approval needed for revenue bills.
On March 15th, House Speaker Charles McCall held a press conference to unveil a multi-year teacher pay plan that lacked a clearly-defined funding streams.
The Step Up Oklahoma plan and its aftermath
On January 11th, the Step Up Oklahoma coalition, a group of business and community leaders, introduced a plan that proposed $791 million in new recurring revenues (since revised to $750 million), along with a set of governance reforms. The new revenues, from multiple revenue streams, were intended to provide a $5,000 raise for all teachers and principals, fill the current budget hole, and generate an additional $367 million to stabilize the budget and fund essential services (See OK Policy's analysis of the plan here.) The Governor amended the call of the second special session on January 19th to include most elements of the Step Up Oklahoma proposal.
On February 12th, the main bill (HB 1033xx) based on the Step Up Plan failed in the House of Representatives to win the three-quarters support needed to pass revenue bills (See our statement on the House vote on HB 1033xx). Later in the week, a revised General Appropriations bill, HB 1020xx, was introduced that cut most agencies' FY 2018 funding by 0.66% for a total cut of $46 million. HB 1020xx filled most of the remaining hole in the budgets of the three health agencies affected by the loss of revenue from the unconstitutional smoking cessation fee. Click here for a comparison of initial and revised FY 2018 appropriations that includes all cuts and supplemental funding. HB 1020xx has now passed both chambers and been signed by the Governor.
Lawmakers and the Governor also approved four other bills:
HB 1021xx instructs the Department of Human Services to fully funds various programs in FY 2018;
HB 1022xx, provides the Oklahoma Health Care Authority with $31.8 million as a FY 2018 supplemental and $110.0 in FY 2019 to support graduate medical education at the OU and OSU medical schools after the federal government withdrew federal Medicaid funds for these programs;
HB 1034xx places a $5 million annual cap on the income tax credits for coal production;
HB 1036xx places a $2 million annual cap on income tax credits for railroad reconstruction expenditures.
Tax and Budget bills
A series of revenue bills based on the Step Up plan passed out of House and Senate JCAB February 8th.
HB 1033: This is an omnibus tax bill, defined as a "general revenue bill," that includes a $1.50-per-package increase in the cigarette tax; changes to the taxation of little cigars and chewing tobacco; a $0.06 per gallon increase in the motor fuel tax; an increase in the tax rate on gross production from 2 to 4 percent for the first 36 months of production, with a broadened definition of production recovery products that would be re-eligible for the 4 percent rate after 24 months of inactivity; and a new $1 per megawatt hour tax on wind production. HB 1033 is projected to generate $20 million in FY 2018 and $581 million in FY 2019. As a revenue bill it requires 3/4 support in both the House and Senate. HB 1033 passed on a vote of 63-35 on February 12th; although the bill did not receive the 3/4 support needed to take effect, it could be sent to a vote of the people if passed by the Senate. See our statement on the House vote on HB 1033.
HB 1037: The committee substitute for HB 1037 restores full refundability to the state Earned Income Tax Credit and lowers the standard deduction; however the standard deduction is frozen at 2017 levels for taxpayers with incomes below $50,000 for married couples filing jointly, $37,500 for single heads of households, and $25,000 for single filers. The bill is projected to have a net revenue gain of $25 million according to the House estimate and $41 million according to the Senate estimate. HB 1037 is not considered to be a revenue bill and thus needs only a simple majority to pass. See our statement in support of HB 1037. In addition to the provisions in HB 1037, the new income tax plan includes capping itemized deductions at $17,000, excluding charitable contributions. The vehicle for this provision is HB 2403 of the 2017 regular session, which passed the House but wasn't heard by the full Senate.
HB 1030: Provides a $5,000 increase to the teacher salary schedule. The pay raise is projected to benefit 49,412 certified personnel at a cost of $289 million.
Other bills put caps on the total amount of tax credits that can be claimed under the coal credit (HB 1034), zero emission credit (HB 1035), and railroad construction credit (HB 1036); expand allowable gaming under the state-tribal gaming compact (HB 1031), and change apportionments to the ROADS fund (HB 1032). These all require a simple majority to pass.
Government Reform Bills
The bills that have been introduced in special session are:
HB 1027: Gives the Governor appointment authority for the directors of seven agencies (Department of Agriculture, Office of Juvenile Affairs, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Health Department, Oklahoma Health Care Authority, Department of Corrections, and State Tourism and Recreation Department) and makes the agency's boards and commissions advisory only.
HB 1028: Changes how salaries for agency directors are set.
HB 1029: Establishes an Office of Accountability with a 15-member staff appointed by the House Speaker and Senate Pro Tem to oversee agency operations and budgets.
All three bills passed out of the House Rules committee on February 8th and are eligible to be considered by the full House.
What did lawmakers do in the second special session?
The Governor's initial executive order calling the second special session, issued on December 15th, limited it to one single issue: to provide funding to the Oklahoma Health Care Authority (OHCA), the state's Medicaid agency, for FY 2018 to avoid provider rate cuts. The Executive Order was amended on December 18th to include funding for the Department of Human Service. The House and Senate convened on Monday, December 18th and recessed on Friday, December 22nd. Both chambers passed two bills that were then signed by Governor Fallin on December 22nd.
SB 1xx appropriates $17.7 million from the General Revenue Fund to the Oklahoma Health Care Authority. This supplemental funding is expected to keep the agency fully funded through April but leaves it $30 million below its initial FY 2018 funding level. Background: In late November, OHCA announced it would move ahead with 6 percent cuts in reimbursement rates to most providers and 1 percent cuts to nursing facilities, along with eliminating Medicare crossover coinsurance and deductible payments for nursing facilities, effective January 1st. After passage of SB 1, OHCA's Board rescinded these cuts days before they were to take effect. OHCA stood to lose $70 million – 7 percent of its total state appropriation – when the smoking cessation fee was overturned by the Supreme Court in August. The agency initially voted to enact reimbursement rate cuts of 9 percent to most providers, and 4 percent cuts to nursing facilities, that would take effect in December without additional appropriations. In the first special session, OHCA received $22.9 million from the non-vetoed sections of HB 1019, leaving it $47.1 million below its initial FY 2018 appropriation.
SB 2xx appropriates $26.5 million from the General Revenue Fund to the Department of Human Services. This supplemental funding is expected to keep the agency fully funded through April but leaves it $16 million below its initial FY 2018 funding level. Background: DHS initially faced the loss of $69 million, or 10 percent of its state appropriation, when the smoking cessation fee was struck down in August. The agency released a plan that included cuts to a wide range of services for children, seniors, and individuals with disabilities and sent out letters to over twenty thousand clients notifying them that the program providing them in-home care would be terminated December 1st. The agency received $27 million from the non-vetoed sections of HB 1019 in the first special session, but remains $42 million below its initial FY 2018 appropriation. Without additional funds, DHS was expected to provide notice in early February of a new round of cuts to home- and community-based waiver programs to take effect in March. The ACLU of Oklahoma and the Oklahoma Disability Law Center previously filed a lawsuit, which remains ongoing, challenging DHS' authority to terminate home- and community-based services for individuals with disabilities.
The Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, which is the third agency affected by the loss of cigarette tax revenue, received $53.3 million in the first special session, leaving it $21.5 million below its initial FY 2018 appropriation. It has enough funding to operate until April without cuts.
The $44.2 million for the two agencies in SB 1 and SB 2 were appropriated out of revenues accruing to the General Revenue Fund from a bill passed in the first special session that accelerated the expiration of a tax break on horizontal wells drilled prior to July 2015 ("legacy wells") (HB 1085).
What did Gov. Fallin do with the budget passed in the first special session?
On Nov. 17th Gov. Fallin vetoed all but five sections of the General Appropriations bill, HB 1019, sent to her earlier that day (see her veto press release here). Among the sections of HB 1019 that she vetoed is one (s. 170) that repealed the General Appropriations bill (SB 860) from the regular 2017 session. The veto of the repealer provision means that all of the initial FY 2018 appropriations bill remains in effect, except for the sections appropriating $214 million to the three health agencies from the unconstitutional smoking cessation fee. This makes the remaining, non-vetoed sections of HB 1019 effectively an addendum to the GA bill passed in regular session.
The five sections of HB 1019 that were left standing are those that:
Transferred $80 million from the County Improvement for Roads and Bridges Fund (CIRB) to the Special Cash Fund (s. 146). This is on top of $50 million taken from the fund in May.
Appropriated money from the Special Cash Fund to the Oklahoman Health Care Authority ($67 million in s. 76), the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services ($88.3 million in s. 82) and Department of Human Services ($79.0 million in s, 91);
Appropriated $30 million to the State Health Department from prior year General Revenue (s. 169)
The $80 million from the County Improvement for Roads and Bridges Fund was transferred to the Special Cash Fund and has been divided between the three agencies whose appropriations were maintained in HB 1019. (For a detailed discussion, see below: "Where does the line-item veto leave state agencies?")
With the Governor's actions, a total of $133.3 million in one-time revenue will have been appropriated in Special Session.
$23.3 million from the Rainy Day Fund to the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services
$80 million in Special Cash from CIRB divided between OHCA, DMHSAS and DHS;
$30 million in prior year GR to the State Health Department.
There is also $48.7 million in additional FY 2018 General Revenue collections that are expected to be generated by HB 1085, which raises the gross production tax on "legacy wells". That money was spread out among various agencies in HB 1019; the Governor's line-item veto of HB 1019 means that the $48.7 million remained available for appropriation. The Legislature appropriated $43.5 million of this amount to DHS and OHCA in the second special session (see above).
Where does the line-item veto leave state agencies?
The three agencies affected by the loss of $214 million in smoking cessation fee funds – Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Oklahoma Health Care Authority, and Department of Human Services – saw their monthly allocations cut beginning in October. In order to maintain a balanced budget, the agencies announced massive cuts they would be forced to enact effective December 1st without additional funding from the Legislature.
The new General Appropriations bill (HB 1019) passed by the Legislature in the final days of special session largely filled the combined $214 million hole for the three agencies. The Governor's line-item veto of HB 1019, along with money appropriated in an earlier bills from the Rainy Day Fund, provided a combined $103.3 to the three agencies, leaving them $110 million below their initial appropriations. With the additional $43.5 million provided to DHS and OHCA in the second special session, the three agencies remained a combined $66.5 million below their initial funding levels but are expected to be able to operate through April without enacting cuts (see above, "What did lawmakers do in the second special session?").
The line-item veto of the bulk of HB 2019 leaves funding for all other state agencies at their initial FY 2018 levels – with the exception of the Health Department, which received a $30 million supplemental appropriation.
What was in the budget sent to the Governor?
The Legislature passed a new General Appropriations bill (HB 1019) that provided total funding for FY 2018 of $6.818 billion, which was $30.0 million less than the initial FY 2018 budget. The new budget provided:
Cuts of 2.44 percent to most state agencies compared to initial FY 2018 funding. Since we are already five months into FY 2018, agency allocations would be some 4.2 percent less than anticipated for the remainder of the year.
The three agencies that were directly affected by the loss of smoking cessation fee revenues and that were set to implement massive cuts in services beginning December 1st received smaller cuts. The Oklahoma Health Care Authority received a $15 million (1.46 percent) cut; the Department of Human Services received a $4 million (0.57 percent) cut and the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services received a $3.68 million (1.12 percent) cut.
Twelve agencies received no cut compared to their initial funding: Common Education, Land Commission, School of Science and Math, Election Board, Tax Commission, Health Department, Rehabilitation Services, ABLE Commission, Corrections, Medicolegal Investigations, Court of Criminal Appeals, and Indigent Defense System. Two other agencies received smaller cuts – Juvenile Affairs (0.55 percent) and District Attorneys Council (0.5 percent).
The Health Department received a $30 million supplemental appropriation.
See our comparison of overall and agency-level funding that looks at funding trends since FY 2009.
In addition to $30 million in net overall cuts, the new budget included the following additional revenue (all revenues were contained in the GA bill, HB 1019, unless otherwise noted):
$23.4 million from the Rainy Day Fund (HB 1081);
$53 million in prior year General Revenue that carried over from FY 2017;
$30 million transferred from the County Improvement for Roads and Bridges Fund (CIRB);
$30.2 million from the Unclaimed Property Fund and agency revolving funds;
$48.5 million from accelerating the expiration of a tax break on horizontal wells drilled prior to July 2015 ("legacy wells") (HB 1085). Production from these wells will now be taxed at 7 percent rather than 4 percent once the new law takes effect rather than as of July 2019.
Overall, the new budget used an additional $136.6 million in one-time revenues; combined with one-time revenues in the initial budget, the total is $510 million.
Other components of the comprehensive revenue plan that failed to gain 76 votes during Special Session (see below) – including increases in tobacco taxes and motor fuels tax, an increase in the gross production tax on new wells, restoration of the state earned income tax credit, and raises for teachers and state employees – were not part of the final budget.
Click here for OK Policy's statement on the budget, "New budget is a squandered opportunity of massive proportions".
What happened over the course of the first special session?
Week 8: After the failure of the comprehensive budget plan in Week 7, House and Senate leaders began to move forward with a new budget that relied on some $140 million in additional cash, a higher gross production tax on "legacy wells," and cuts of up to 2.44 percent on most agencies to fill the $215 million shortfall. (See our statement on the plan here). A new General Appropriations bill, HB 1019X narrowly passed out of House and Senate committees Tuesday. It passed the full House, 56-38, on Wednesday and the Senate 29-16 on Friday. Click here for agency-level appropriations under HB 1019. The House and Senate then adjourned special session sine die. The Governor signed the bill raising the gross production tax on legacy wells (HB 1085) while using her line-item veto authority to veto all but five sections of HB 1019 on Friday evening
Week 7: On Monday, November 6th, the Governor signed HB 1081, appropriating $23.2 million to the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Also on Monday, the Senate met and passed HB 1035 by a bipartisan vote of 37-5. HB 1035 includes a $1.50 cigarette tax increase, a $0.06 fuel tax increase, and a 4 percent gross production tax on new wells. The bill is the cornerstone of a comprehensive budget plan, also dubbed Plan A+ and the Grand Bargain, that would allow for pay raises for teachers and state employees and restoration of the state earned income tax credit. An identical measure to HB 1035, HB 1054, passed the full House 71-28 on Wednesday, but fell 5 votes short of the 76 votes needed to pass a revenue bill. HB 1054 was held on a motion to reconsider, which expired on November 13th.
Week 6: On Monday, Oct. 30th, the House met in full session and passed several bills that would appropriate $106 million from the Rainy Day Fund and carryover funds to the three health and human service agencies affected by the lost smoking cessation fee revenue. On Tuesday, the Senate passed one of those bills, HB 1081, appropriating $23.2 million to the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Also on Tuesday, the House passed a bill (HB 1085) to raise the gross production tax to 7 percent on certain existing wells that are now taxed at 4 percent, a measure projected to raise $50 million in FY 2015. On Friday, Speaker McCall issued a press release urging the Senate to pass the House's revenue measures. The Senate still appears committed to holding out for the comprehensive budget proposal that stalled in Week 5 (see below).
Week 5: On Monday, Oct. 23rd Gov. Fallin and Republican legislative leaders announced a budget plan that includes various revenue increases but does not raise the gross production tax or income tax, which Democratic legislators have insisted on (see next section). Their plan also included raises for teachers and state employees and restores the refundable portion of the state earned income tax credit. Four bills to implement the Republican budget plan passed out of JCAB on Tuesday. The main revenue bill – HB 1035 – was heard by the full House on Wednesday; the 54-44 vote in favor was less than the required 75 percent support for a revenue bill. On Thursday, the Senate passed a bipartisan resolution calling on the House to amend HB 1035 to raise the gross production tax on new wells to 4 percent from 2 percent. House and Senate committees also passed a number of "Plan B" revenue bills that require only a simply majority. On Friday, HB 1054, which was a new version of HB 1035 that included a higher initial gross production tax rate of 4 percent for 36 months, failed on a 11-11 vote in the House JCAB committee, with all but one Democrat joining 5 Republicans in rejecting the measure.
Week 4: With the Capitol shut down for electrical upgrades, there were no legislative meetings the week of October 16th.
Week 3: There were no legislative meetings the week of October 9th. At the end of the week, Gov. Fallin issued a press release stating that she is "disappointed in the lack of progress" in reaching an agreement.
Week 2: There were no legislative meetings the week of October 2nd.
Week 1: The Governor called for the Legislature to convene in special session that began Monday, September 25th. House and Senate members introduced a total of 196 bills and resolutions prior to start of session. Most bills were filed as "shell bills" authored by the chairs of the Appropriations committees in the House and Senate or by the House Speaker. Shell bills cover some broad topic but do not yet contain specific language, which must be added later in the process. Most budget and tax bills were assigned to the Joint Committee on Appropriations and Budget (JCAB) or to the Rules Committee.
Both chambers met briefly on Monday, September 25th and Tuesday, September 26th to allow all bills to be introduced. Several JCAB meetings were scheduled throughout the week; however, the only bill heard in JCAB was HB 1099, a bill to provide for a $1.50-per package cigarette tax, which passed both the House and Senate committees on Sept. 26th.
On Wednesday, Sept. 27th, House Speaker Charles McCall announced that the House would recess and would not meet again that week, and the Senate followed suit. The House Rules Committee met on Thursday, Sept. 28th and approved two bills: HB 1093 a measure to add new verification requirements for the Medicaid program, and HB 1074, a measure to exempt semi-trucks and other vehicles from the newly-enacted motor vehicles sales tax.
What are the possible outcomes of special session?
Over the course of special session, four outcomes all seemed possible. With the Governor's line-item veto of the budget bill passed in Special Session, some new variations of these options will again shape the debate in a second special session and/or in the 2018 regular session.
Excise Taxes Only: On October 23rd, Republican leaders unveiled a plan that included a mix of increased excise taxes on tobacco, motor fuels and alcoholic beverages that would take a 3/4 vote to pass but did not provide for more progressive revenue sources that Democrats have insisted on (see section above for more details). The Republican plan passed the House on Oct. 25th but failed to gain the 3/4 support needed for a revenue bill. The plan also included pay raises for teachers and state employees, and restored the refundable state earned income tax credit.
The Bipartisan Bargain: Under this scenario, both parties agree to multiple revenue sources that fully or mostly fills the $214 million budget hole, avoids further budget cuts, and provides a teacher pay raise. One initial proposal included an increase in the tobacco tax and motor fuels tax, a higher initial tax rate on gross production tax, a new top income tax rate on high income earners, the expansion of the sales tax to selected services, and the end of the sales tax exemption for wind turbines. This proposal failed to gain approval from legislative Republicans. In late October, Senate Republicans and Democrats came together to support a 4 percent initial gross production tax rate along with the other components of the excise taxes plan discussed above. This comprehensive plan, also dubbed Plan A+ or the Grand Bargain, initially failed to pass out of a House committee but passed the Senate as HB 1035 on November 6th on a 37-5 vote. The House took up an identical measure, HB 1054, on Nov. 8th; it fell five votes short of gaining the three-quarters supermajority needed to pass a revenue bill. (see above, What has happened so far in special Session, Weeks 5 and 7).
The Simple Majority: Following the narrow failure of the bipartisan bargain, Republican leaders put together a plan that included revenues that only require a simple majority and thus do not need support from Democrats. This approach – now referred to as "Plan B" or "cash and cuts" – was favored from the start by House Republican leaders but was resisted by Senate leaders and the Governor, who are averse to increasing next year's budget hole. In the version announced November 13th, the plan raises $185 million in additional revenue by tapping the Rainy Day Fund and agency revolving funds, using carryover funds from last year, and raising the gross production tax on wells currently taxed at 4 percent. It also includes $60 million of budget cuts, with most agencies cut 1 – 2.5 percent, but some agencies exempted. Click here for agency appropriations under HB 1019. Governor Fallin promised to veto any budget that includes cuts to state agencies; on Nov. 8th, after the failure of HB 1054 in the House, she pledged to veto a budget bill with "draconian cuts". On Nov. 17th she made good on her veto promise by striking down all but five sections of HB 1019.
The Doomsday Option: If a new budget isn't passed in special session, the full $214 million cut would be absorbed by the three health care agencies, which would also lead to the loss of hundreds of millions in matching federal funds. As more time passes without an agreement, these agencies are beginning to move forward with enacting cuts that will begin to take effect December 1st.
Why is the Legislature in special session?
In August, the Oklahoma Supreme Court struck down a bill (SB 845) passed by the Legislature in May that assessed a $1.50-per-package cigarette fee. The Court ruled that the bill violated the constitutional requirements for "revenue bills," including that they must be approved by a 3/4ths vote of the Legislature. The ruling left a $214 million hole in the budget of three state agencies that had been set to receive the smoking cessation fee money: the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services ($75 million), Oklahoma Health Care Authority ($70 million), and Department of Human Services ($69 million). See "What has been the impact of failing to reach a budget agreement" above for a discussion of how agencies are being affected by the loss of smoking cessation fee revenue.
Governor Fallin responded to the Supreme Court ruling by calling a Special Session for September 25th.
What issues can be addressed in special session?
A special session is restricted to those matters specified in the Governor's call; however, the Governor may amend the call during special session. In her Executive Order calling the 2017 special session, Governor Fallin recommended that lawmakers:
Address the immediate budget shortfall created by the loss of the $215 million cigarette fee revenue.
Have the option to address a long-term solution to continuing budget shortfalls.
Address the need for more consolidation and other efficiencies in all areas of state government.
Clarify intended exemptions to the new 1.25 percent sales tax on vehicles.
Address a needed pay increase for K-12 public school teachers.
Since then the Governor amended the call of special session to include:
State employee pay raise.
Low-income tax relief (refundability of the EITC)
Supplemental funding for the State Department of Health
Other proposals are not within the purview of the special session.
How long will special session last?
There is no constitutional limit on the length of special sessions. However, a special session called during one Legislature cannot extend past the swearing in of the next Legislature (January 2019 in the current case). Special Sessions can run concurrently with regular sessions. The Legislature may adjourn without acting on the issues that it has been asked to address
If lawmakers do reach agreement on measures to pass in special session, it will take a minimum of five days for bills to be introduced, considered, and passed. Also, the Constitution (Article V, Section 33) prohibits revenue bills from being passed in the last five days of session, so the special session may need to be held open for an additional week after any revenue bills are approved.
The House and Senate adjourned the first special session on November 17th. After vetoing most of the new budget passed by the Legislature, Gov. Fallin promised to call a second special session "in the near future."
What is the cost of Special Session?
Legislators are entitled to per diems for all days they are in session, but only on days when each Chamber actually convenes. The daily cost has been estimated to be about $30,000. Legislative leaders have said they will absorb the cost of special session from their existing budgets.
Where can I find bills filed in Special Session?
You can look up bills from the Legislature's website under the Legislation tab. Be sure to choose 2017 Special Session, which is currently the default option.
What can I do to have an impact on lawmakers in Special Session?
We encourage Oklahomans to contact your own two legislators, the House Speaker, the Senate President Pro Tem and the Governor to insist that they use Special Session to find a fair mix of recurring revenues needed to avert deeper cuts, invest in key priorities, and put the budget on a sustainable path. You can find all the resources you need from the advocacy alert on OK Policy's website and from Together Oklahoma. The Save our State Coalition has created a Blueprint for a Better Budget that lays out a comprehensive budget plan.
14 thoughts on "Everything you should know about Oklahoma's special sessions"
Gayle Leader says:
Thank you for keeping up to date on all of the policy changes and information.
Susan Ward says:
Why are health agencies the only ones to absorb the cuts?
Gene Perry says:
Because funds from the cigarette fee that was thrown out by the state Supreme Court had been dedicated to those three health agencies. The Legislature could pass a new budget that replaces those lost revenues or distributes the cuts more broadly than to just those three agencies, but since they haven't been able to reach any budget deal yet the shortfall is falling all on them.
Jackie Gooch says:
Why not back-track to the point when Oklahoma was able to meet its financial responsibilities. Be transparent with the taxpayers and tell us what changed and how we can get back to the positive way things were. Were our income taxes lowered, sales taxes lowered, what is different? The system worked and was either changed or the need and demand was increased.
Give our legislature a short course in economics. Including statistics on trickle down economics.
Give our legislature a short course in economics. Including the statistics on trickle down economics. Do they increase state income over the long haul? Check with other states has any state successfully increased its revenue through this method.
Alma says:
Ud say no problem , it will all be taken care of come voting day . I expect some big changes where this state is concerned .
I work in the mental health field. I think we should give all the people that are affected by these cuts, the home phone number and address of our representatives, especially Sen. McCall, since he won't vote to raise the gas and oil revenue tax. That is the reason that our mental health system is under the knife.
I think each and every one of our legislators should get to know our mentally ill and see why they need help.
Vote them out of office.
Dianna Dorman says:
They need to stop sitting around and drinking coffee. Maybe we need to lay them off and cancel their healthcare and boycott their private businesses. When they can't work or pay their bills they might wake up to what the majority of Oklahomans face when needed services are cut. We have teacher leaving the state for better wages else where leaving a gap in our education to our children. Stop messing around and get the people's business done which is what you were elected for.
M. Brannon says:
Return the GPT to 7%, It should NEVER have been changed. Roll back the taxes on the rich. Take the 900 million from the ACA. Stop messing around, you are costing taxpayers 30 grand a day!
VOTE THEM OUT!!!!!
M Brannon , would do no good , as by the time stock holders are payed and bonuses are payed, oklahoma would only receive 1% , just bad deals and made for the investors only . older wells what a joke , our legislator put the screws to this state once again . these are bad people they lie, steal and hypercritical and they dont care . thats what happens with bought elections , make sure your next vote is not sold out by corporate money . other wise , expect more of the same . their is no real leadership in oklahoma and the ones who are suppose to be leading their in Washington lobbing to keep their jobs , when they should be here . discuss .
Jimbo says:
Any Oklahoman that votes to put this group of corrupt Legislators back in office deserves what they get. Try to educate your children with no teachers or schools or what will happen to our overpaid DPS meter maids when theres a wreck on the hwy. Now they double tax our new auto with sales adn excise taxes. This is a disgrace for True Oklahomans we are a joke state that isnt funny. Look over the next group of governor wantabees before you vote again. Can we find future Legislators that arnt crooks or child molesters? We havnt had much luck lately.
Indivisible Stillwater says:
We would like to know the advantages and disadvantages of having a special session concurrent with a regular session. Thank you.
all this is a shady way in which to raise taxes . any one making more then 50,000 will observe the cost . and most of us dont even use these services , yet you want us to pay for them ? and the cap is a out rage . kick this bill or proposal on down the road. it will not fly with most oklahomans . I want seniors and retirees released from such TAXES. those that use collages or schools let them pay for them.So you can tell your shady business collision we as tax payers are not biting !


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Is forex trading permissible in Islam?
The general consensus among Islamic Jurists is that buying and selling of currency is permitted as long as it is done on the spot, and there is no delay of time in exchanging the currencies.
Therefore, forex trading is permissible as long as there is an immediate exchange of cash. Although paper currencies nowadays are not backed by gold or any other precious metals (which is impossible since the total amount of trade globally is more than the amount of gold produced so far), it should be presumed that the currencies in circulation has the same purpose and intent as gold, since it is appreciated by human, albeit artificially.
Syariah law dictates that any exchange gold and silver must be done immediately. Hence, exchanging of currencies in the Forex market should be done immediately, without delay. This is usually the case in the Forex market nowadays.
However, in cases where the handing over of the "commodity" is done within a grace period of two days and not immediately, there is an opinion within the Maliki school of thought which states that a slight delay in transfer of the commodity does not invalidate the sarf (exchange) contract. This is also the view adopted by the the Fiqh Academy and Organisation of Islamic Countries (OIC). Therefore the delay of two days in the case Spot Trading is permissible.
Is it permissible to wear perfumes that contain alcohol?
Most modern perfumes contain alcohol as a solvent and/or to speed up dispersion of the smelling agent. This alcohol usually comes from industrial chemical process of producing ethyl alcohol. It does not come from the usual fermentation of carbohydrates such as fruits. Most contemporary ulama are of the view that industrially produced alcohol from chemical process is not najis since it is poisonous and cannot be consumed. But traditionally produced alcohol from fruits and foods, is still najis.
I would like to check on the ruling on the permissibility of investing in the Singapore stock market?
MUIS does not certify individual stocks and investment portfolios. It is up to the investor to assess the shares they are interested in, by getting more information from the companies themselves.
There are some companies which are already listed as Syariah-compliant. It is clear that these shares are permissible for Muslims to buy.
a) No more that 15% of the company's nett income comes from interest and other prohibited transactions. If it is more than 15%, the company's stocks and shares cannot be bought.
b) Borrowing/equity ratio must not exceed 33%.The income you get from such investments must be purified first before consuming it. This can be done by giving an intelligent estimate of the percentage of non-halal transactions the company dealed with. Deduct that amount of percentage from your income and donate it to Islamic charitable organisations, such as mosques and institutions.
Is the payout from a group insurance be distribute according to faraid or not?
The Fatwa Committee has previously issued a position that where the group insurance policy allows the employee to make a nomination, such nomination is considered a gift (hibah) and the pay-out does not part of the estate.
The Fatwa Committee also maintains that only when the employee is the sole named beneficiary of the group insurance policy and there is no other named dependents of the employee specific in the contract, the pay-out would form part of the deceased's estate, to be distributed according to Faraidh as stated in the Certificate of Inheritance.


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Discussion in 'The Projects Forum' started by eric_s88, Nov 19, 2012.
I want to use attiny13 avr uC in a project.
as a test I set all pins of PB to work as output (DDRB=0x3f) and set their value to "0" . I expected that I would have a voltage of 0 on the pins , but I had about 2.5~3 volts on the pins!
whats the matter? is the chip damaged ?
I write the code in CodeVisionAVR ..
It sounds like you intended to do the right thing, so its more likely that there is a problem with the circuit or your code. Please post both along with your fuse settings.
What kind of programmer are you using?
thanks for your respond DickCappels.
The code you posted should toggle the pins from on to off every .2 seconds. You should be able to see them blink. A DC voltmeter may read any voltage on those pins as it is may be forced to read some average voltage.
For debugging purposes, you may just want to set the I/O pins high and see if you still get the intermediate voltage.
Don't forget to set DDRB. By default, pins are inputs.
yes you are right..I had also cheked it with and I see the blink but, when the led most be completely off, it has a little light. I mean it has a little light in its off mode.
You sure your oscillator setting is correct, so that you have the correct delay?
and check what you get on the outputs. Also check if the pins are not overriden by something like jtag, backwards compatibilty fuse, adc being on by default, etc.
hi kubeek, I tried the code you've posted, the problem is still exists..
and leds on pins with value of "0" aren't off and have a light weaker than on leds..
Are you sure you didn't swap the ddrb and portb settings? That would enable pullups if i remember correctly.
I am not sure about the programmer, but are you sure you are using the correct header file for your chip, i.e. correctly set mmcu in your makefile/ide?
Frankly I never used attiny or codevision, so maybe try asking on avrfreaks as well.
I mean for the attiny, if it is running on 5V or 3.3V, so there is some comparison to the voltage you measure on the pins.
Are you testing the output with a DVM or with an oscilloscope?
I can see no reason why your output is not 0V or 5V.
There is always a possibility that the chip is damaged. Can you try another chip?
hi MrChips, I test them with Dc voltmeter , and also test them by led.
yes I have 2 chips and tested them,had same problem.
I have to mention that before using of usb programmer I programmed them by stk200/300 programmer 2 or 3times and after that stk200/300 programmer couldn't program chip anymore and gave error.
The problem with testing with a DVM or LED is how do you know that the output is not toggling at such a high frequency that you cannot observe the changes.
or just output static LOW and HIGH voltages and measure with DVM.
I don't have ATtiny13 but I do have ATtiny15 that I can see if I can replicate your situation.