text:
Fresh EFCC shake up sweeps off top 20 officers
by Olaotan Falade
in Nigeria, Top Story
Another shake up in the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has affected 20 Zonal and Heads of Sections, who were redeployed to the Police.
It was learnt that the latest twist might be part of a plan to do away with police officers coordinating the affairs of the agency.
There has been agitation for trained EFCC cadets to take direct charge of investigation.
Police arrest man for allegedly raping 80-year-old woman
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According to a report by The Nation, most of those affected are rated as "crack investigators" who have worked with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Metropolitan Police and the National Crime Agency (NCA).
It was learnt that the mass redeployment of top zonal officers and heads of sections was in line with the ongoing reforms in the commission.
It was learnt that the government was no longer comfortable with the large number of experienced police detectives in the commission.
Although the crack detectives had positively impacted the operations of the EFCC, the government has opted to move police officers in the EFCC.
There were concerns that most of the affected officers had been handling sensitive cases which require a transition timeline.
A source, who spoke in confidence, said: "The government has effected another shake up in line with the ongoing overhauling of the system. A generation of detectives is affected including zonal officers and heads of sections.
Our fears border on the fact that some high-profile cases might suffer because investigation and trial of suspects may have to start afresh.
"I think there should have been a timeline for the de-secondment of these officers. We should not allow gaps which can erode the gains the EFCC has made in the last few yaers."
It was unclear if a new generation of officers will be brought in or EFCC trained officers will fully take over.
The Presidential Investigation Committee on the activities of EFCC, led by Justice Isa Ayo Salami, has adjourned sitting till August 4.
The adjournment of sitting was announced on Wednesday to all counsel, witnesses and top officers of the EFCC, including the suspended Acting Chairman, Mr. Ibrahim Magu.
When contacted, the defence counsel to Magu, Mr. Wahab Shittu, said: "We have been notified that the committee will observe the Sallah break and resume sitting on August 4."
Tags: EFCCPoliceRedeploySection headsZonal Officers
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Ogun announces date for reopening of worship centres, schools
Another shake up in the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has affected 20 Zonal and Heads of Sections, who were redeployed to the Police. It was learnt that the latest twist might be part of a plan to do away with police officers coordinating the affairs of the agency. There has been agitation for trained EFCC cadets to take direct charge of investigation.
It was learnt that the mass redeployment of top zonal officers and heads of sections was in line with the ongoing reforms in the commission. It was learnt that the government was no longer comfortable with the large number of experienced police detectives in the commission. Although the crack detectives had positively impacted the operations of the EFCC, the government has opted to move police officers in the EFCC. There were concerns that most of the affected officers had been handling sensitive cases which require a transition timeline. A source, who spoke in confidence, said: "The government has effected another shake up in line with the ongoing overhauling of the system. A generation of detectives is affected including zonal officers and heads of sections. Our fears border on the fact that some high-profile cases might suffer because investigation and trial of suspects may have to start afresh. "I think there should have been a timeline for the de-secondment of these officers. We should not allow gaps which can erode the gains the EFCC has made in the last few yaers." It was unclear if a new generation of officers will be brought in or EFCC trained officers will fully take over. The Presidential Investigation Committee on the activities of EFCC, led by Justice Isa Ayo Salami, has adjourned sitting till August 4. The adjournment of sitting was announced on Wednesday to all counsel, witnesses and top officers of the EFCC, including the suspended Acting Chairman, Mr. Ibrahim Magu. When contacted, the defence counsel to Magu, Mr. Wahab Shittu, said: "We have been notified that the committee will observe the Sallah break and resume sitting on August 4."


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text:
Q: Lumen + Dingo + JWT = Error 401 I'm using this package for my project : https://github.com/krisanalfa/lumen-jwt
My project was working perfectly on my local server but not when i make it online.
I can login successfully, the token is generated but after that, each request receive a 401 error.
Failed to authenticate because of bad credentials or an invalid authorization header.

like the token is not right but it is there and it's right. I tried to run a local server on my server and send some curl request locally it is working. But remote curl request doesn;t work.
i'm on this problem since more than 2 days and i couldn't find the issue. All debug i did led me to a server problem but what ?
Any help ?

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text:
\section{\label{sec1:intro} Introduction}
Nuclear level density (NLD), is one of the most critical inputs of the statistical Hauser-Feshbach (HF) calculation~\cite{Hauser} of compound nuclear reactions. NLDs are observed to have a strong impact on the calculated neutron-, and proton-capture rates relevant for the $r$-, and $p$-processes of heavy-element nucleosynthesis~\cite{Cecilie,Arnould}. Besides, a precise determination of NLD is critical for many practical applications in different areas such as the fusion-fission cross-section calculations for reactor simulations, modeling of the spallation reactions for the development of spallation neutron source and accelerator-driven sub-critical systems (ADSS)~\cite{Bowman}, and production yield estimation of radioisotopes for medical application~\cite{Mirz}. \\
Experimental NLD also acts as a testing ground for different nuclear structure models as well as provide crucial information on the thermodynamic properties of atomic nuclei~\cite{Melby,Giacoppo,Melby2,Agvaan,Toft,Syed,Gutt,Bala,Schil,Kaneko,Chankova}. Recent investigations on the thermal properties of several nuclei have revealed interesting features like the existence of peak-like structures in the microcanonical temperature~\cite{Melby,Giacoppo,Melby2,Agvaan,Toft}, S-shaped heat capacity curve~\cite{Bala,Schil,Kaneko,Chankova}, which are identified as signatures of a phase transition in a finite system from a strongly paired phase to a phase with weak pairing correlations~\cite{Egido,Liu}. The pairing effect in finite nuclei is well known through the odd-even effect in nuclear masses, for example. On the other hand, in a macroscopic conductor, pairing leads to a phase transition from a normal metal to a superconductor below a certain critical temperature. In the BCS theory~\cite{BCS} of superconductivity the normal to superconducting phase transition is characterized by a finite discontinuity of the heat capacity at the critical temperature. However, in a finite nucleus where the pair coherence length is much larger than the nuclear radius, the sharp discontinuity in heat capacity is smoothed due to large fluctuations. The smoothing of the superfluid to normal phase transition in finite nuclei caused by the non-vanishing of the neutron and/or proton pairing gaps at the critical temperature has been widely discussed in {\it e.g.}, Ref.~\cite{Moretto} and references therein. \\
The Sn isotopes provide an excellent ground to observe the thermal signatures of the pairing interaction. Because of the $Z=50$ shell-closure, the proton pair breaking is strongly hindered, and the signature for the pure neutron pair-breaking becomes much more prominent compared to other mass region~\cite{Agvaan}. In the recent works by the Oslo group, evidences of nucleonic Cooper pair breaking at finite temperates were observed in $^{116}$Sn, $^{117}$Sn, and $^{119}$Sn nuclei~\cite{Agvaan,Toft}. Surprisingly, such features were not prominent for $^{118}$Sn, which could be due to the poorer statistics in this case~\cite{Toft}. It would be interesting to extend similar studies for relatively neutron-deficient Sn isotopes such as $^{115}$Sn.\\
The nucleus $^{115}$Sn is also significant from the astrophysical point of view. It is known to be formed mostly by the astrophysical $p$-process, however, some small contribution from the $s$-process also could not be ruled out~\cite{Arnould}. Presently, the nucleosynthesis calculations largely underpredict the observed abundance of $^{115}$Sn~\cite{Rapp}. Although the origin of the large underproduction could not be attributed to uncertainties in nuclear physics inputs alone, they are seen to influence the nucleosynthesis predictions in a non-negligible way~\cite{Arnould}. The experimental information on critical quantities such as NLD in a wide excitation energy range could be useful to reduce the uncertainty in abundance calculations from the nuclear physics side. \\
\indent In this paper, we report the experimental level density of $^{115}$Sn in the excitation energy range of $\sim $2~-~9 MeV, measured using the neutron evaporation spectra from the $p$~+~$^{115}$In reaction at two compound nuclear excitation energies $E^\ast =$ 18.2 and 21.2 MeV. At these low excitation energies, the compound nucleus ($^{116}$Sn) predominantly decays by the first-chance (1$n$) neutron emission leading to the residual nucleus $^{115}$Sn. Different microscopic models of level density have been tested by comparing with the experimental data. The thermodynamic properties of $^{115}$Sn have also been investigated.\\
The article has been arranged in the following manner. The experimental arrangement has been described in Sec.~\ref{sec2:expt}. The results have been presented and discussed in Sec.~\ref{sec3:result}; the experimental level density and thermodynamic quantities have been presented in Sec.~\ref{sec4:NLD} and Sec.~\ref{sec5:thermo}, respectively. The microscopic EP+IPM calculation has been briefly described in Sec.~\ref{sec6:calc}. Finally, the summary and conclusion have been presented in Sec.~\ref{sec7:Sum}.

\section{\label{sec2:expt} Experimental details}
The experiment was performed using proton beams of $E_\textrm{lab}$~= 9 and 12 MeV from the K130 cyclotron at VECC, Kolkata. A self-supporting foil of $^{115}$In (thickness~$\approx $ 1 mg/cm$^2$) was used as the target. The neutrons emitted during the compound nuclear decay process were detected using six liquid scintillator based neutron detectors (size: 5-inch $\times $~5-inch) placed at the laboratory angles of 55$^\circ $, 85$^\circ $, 105$^\circ $, 120$^\circ $, 140$^\circ $, 155$^\circ $ at a distance of 1.5 m from the target. The neutron kinetic energies were measured using the time-of-flight (TOF) technique. The start trigger for the TOF measurement was generated by detecting the low energy $\gamma $-rays in a 50-element BaF$_2$ detector array~\cite{Deepak} placed near the target position. In converting the neutron TOF to neutron energy, the prompt $\gamma$ peak in TOF spectrum was used as the time reference. The neutron and $\gamma$ separation was achieved by using both the TOF and pulse shape discrimination (PSD) methods. The excitation energy-dependent efficiency, which is a crucial parameter, was measured in the in-beam condition using a standard $^{252}$Cf neutron source~\cite{Pratap3}. The scattered neutron contribution in the measured spectra was estimated using the shadow bar technique and found to be around 2.5$\%$ in the total neutron energy range. It should be mentioned that the back-angle neutron spectra for the present system have been recently utilized to investigate the iso-spin dependence of the level density parameter for $A=$~115 isobars~\cite{PRiso}. Additional information on the experimental setup and analysis techniques can be found in Ref.~\cite{PRiso}. \\
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.85,clip=true]{Figure1.eps}
\caption{\label{fig1:angdistr} (Colour online) Neutron angular distributions for the selected energy bins (indicated in each panel) for the $p$~+~$^{115}$In reaction at $E_\textrm{lab}$~=~12 MeV. The experimental data are shown by the filled squares. The dashed and the continuous lines are the theoretical {\scshape TALYS} prediction for the compound nuclear (CN) and compound plus pre-equilibrium (CN+PE) components, respectively.}
\end{figure}

\section{\label{sec3:result} Results and discussions}
The background-corrected neutron spectra measured at various laboratory angles were transformed into the compound nucleus (CN) center-of-mass (c.m.) frame using the standard Jacobian transformation. The angular distributions in the c.m. frame at the highest bombarding energy ($E_\textrm{lab}$~=12 MeV) for selected neutron energy intervals have been shown in Fig.~1. It can be seen that the cross-section does not vary significantly as a function of the emission angle indicating the dominance of the compound nuclear emission process in determining the neutron spectra at the present incident energies. To investigate the emission mechanisms further, the experimental angular distributions were compared with the theoretical predictions obtained using the {\scshape TALYS} (v~1.9) computer code~\cite{TALYS}. The theoretical TALYS results are shown for both the compound nuclear (dashed lines in Fig.~1) and compound plus pre-equilibrium (PE) (continuous lines in Fig.~1) components. The compound nuclear calculation are performed using the Hauser-Feshbach framework~\cite{Hauser} whereas the PE component has been estimated using the Exciton model~\cite{Preq1,Preq2} in TALYS. It can be seen from Fig.~1 that the contributions of pre-equilibrium processes in the experimental data are small, and it is negligible particularly at the backward angles where the data can be rather described by the CN component alone. The experimental data at the most backward angle (155$^\circ $) is considered almost free of the non-equilibrium component, and used for the statistical model analysis to extract the level density. \\
The spectra measured at 155$^\circ $ for the two incident proton energies of 9 and 12 MeV are shown in Fig.~2. The double-differential cross-sections are multiplied by 4$\pi$ to compare with the calculated angle-integrated spectra. The experimental spectra have been compared with the theoretical {\scshape TALYS} calculations performed within the statistical {\scshape HF} framework. For the level density, the composite Gilbert-Cameron (GC)~\cite{GC} formulation has been used as input of the {\scshape TALYS} calculations. \\
In the GC model, the level density at low energies from 0 up to some matching energy $E_M$ is approximated by a constant-temperature (CT) formula
\begin{equation}
\rho_{CT}(E )= \frac{1}{T_0}{\rm exp}{\frac{E -E_0}{T_0}}
\end{equation}
and for energies higher than $E_M$ the level density is given by the Fermi gas (FG) expression~\cite{Bethe},
\begin{equation}
\rho_{FG} (E )= \frac {1}{12\sqrt{2}\sigma }\frac{\exp{(2\sqrt{a(E -\Delta )})}}{a^{1/4}(E -\Delta )^{5/4}}
\end{equation}
where $a$ is the level density parameter, $\sigma $ is the spin cut-off factor, and $\Delta $ is the pairing energy shift. The constant temperature ($T_0$), and the energy shift ($E_0$) in Eq.~(1) are chosen in such a way the two prescriptions (CT and FG) match together smoothly at the matching energy, which is $\sim $ 4 MeV in the present case~\cite{TALYS}.\\
The shell effect in NLD has been incorporated using an energy and shell-correction dependent parametrization of the level density parameter $a$~\cite{Igna}
\begin{equation}
a(U)=\tilde{a}[1+\frac{\Delta S}{U}\{1-\exp(-\gamma U)\}]
\end{equation}
where $U=E-\Delta $, and $\tilde{a}$ is the asymptotic value of the level density parameter obtained in the absence of any shell effect. Here $\Delta S$ is the ground state shell correction, and $\gamma$ determines the rate at which the shell effect is depleted with the increase in excitation energy. The asymptotic level density parameter $\tilde{a}$ has been tuned to obtain the best match to the experimental data, whereas the energy-shift $\Delta $ was taken from the systematics~\cite{TALYS}. The optimum values of the level density parameter along with other model parameters for the CN ($^{116}$Sn) and major evaporation residues $^{115}$Sn (1$n$) and $^{114}$Sn (2$n$) have been tabulated in Table~\ref{tab:table1}. The contributions of the different decay channels (1$n$ and 2$n$) in the total (inclusive) neutron spectra have been shown in Fig.~2. It can be seen from the figure that at $E^\ast $~=~18.2 MeV ($E_\textrm{lab}$~=~9 MeV) the spectrum is entirely determined by the 1$n$ emission channel whereas at $E^\ast $~=~21.2 MeV ($E_\textrm{lab}$~=~12 MeV) a small contribution from the 2$n$ channel bellow E$_{c.m.}\approx $~3 MeV is observed. \\

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.75,clip=true]{Figure2_v2.eps}
\caption{\label{fig2:Spectra} (Color online) The experimental neutron energy spectra (symbols) along with the {\scshape TALYS} calculations (lines) at two incident proton energies (a) 9 and (b) 12 MeV. The arrows show the position above which the spectra are entirely determined by the first-chance emission. Contributions from different stages of the decay have also been shown.}
\end{figure}

\begin{center}
\begin{table*}[ht]
{\centering
\caption{\label{tab:table1} Different model parameters used in the {\scshape TALYS} calculation.} {\small \hfill{}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c}

\hline
Nucleus &S$_n$& $\tilde{a}$ & $\Delta P$ & $E_0$ &$T_0$ & $E_M$ &$\Delta S$ &$\gamma $ \\
 &(MeV)&(MeV$^{-1}$) &(MeV) & (MeV) &  (MeV)& (MeV)&(MeV)&(MeV$^{-1}$) \\
\hline
\\
$^{116}$Sn &9.563& 15.08 & 2.228 &  1.436 & 0.538 & 5.04 & 1.078 & 0.089 \\

\hline
\\
$^{115}$Sn &7.546& 14.95 & 1.119 &  0.566 & 0.511 & 3.49 & 1.008 & 0.089  \\
\hline
\\
$^{114}$Sn &10.303 & 14.82 & 2.248 &  1.116 & 0.599 & 3.49 & 0.682 & 0.089  \\
\hline
\end{tabular}}
\hfill{}
}
\end{table*}
\end{center}

\subsection{\label{sec4:NLD} Nuclear level density of $^{115}$Sn}
The ``experimental" level densities $\rho_{exp}(E)$ were extracted from the neutron spectra using the following relation~\cite{Vonach,Vonach2}
\begin{equation}
\rho_{exp}(E)= \rho_{model} (E)\frac{(d\sigma /dE)_{exp}}{(d\sigma /dE)_{model}}
\end{equation}
Here $(d\sigma /dE)_{exp}$ is the experimental differential cross-section and $(d\sigma /dE)_{model}$ is the differential cross-section calculated by the {\scshape HF} calculation using $\rho (E)_{model}$ as its input level density. Eq.~4 predicts the correct energy dependence (slope) of level density, and the local variations in NLD are provided by the bin wise normalization factor given by the ratio of the calculated to the experimental differential cross-section. However, the level density can not be obtained in absolute terms by Eq.~4 alone because the ratio $\frac{d\sigma /dE)_{exp}}{(d\sigma /dE)_{model}}$ depends not only on the ratio of $\rho (E)_{exp}$, and $\rho (E)_{model}$ but also on the competition with other decay channels. The calculated cross sections depend on the ratio of the decay probabilities to various channels and an overall arbitrary factor multiplying the NLD for all involved nuclei cancels out in this ratio. Thus one can extract only the energy dependence of the NLD and not their absolute values from the statistical model analysis alone. Therefore, the experimental data obtained using Eq.~4 needs to be renormalized to some known NLD value obtained using other independent techniques. Usually the normalization is done with the density of discrete energy levels for a given nucleus at low energies~\cite{Voinov,Ramirez}. The number of low lying discrete levels provide a less ambiguous and model independent way of normalizing the NLD. However, in the present work, we could not go down to the lowest energies with sufficient statistics. So, the absolute normalization was done at the neutron separation energy ($S_n$) using the level density ($\rho_0$) obtained from the measured $S$-wave neutron resonance spacing ($D_0$). The level density at $S_n$ is related to $D_0$ through the following relation~\cite{Toft}
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\rho _0(S_n)=\frac{2\sigma^2}{D_0}\times [(I_t+1){\rm exp}{\frac{-(I_t+1)^2}{2\sigma^2 }}\\
+I_t {\rm exp}\frac{-I_t^2}{2\sigma^2 }]^{-1}
\end{split}
\end{equation}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale= 0.90]{Figure3_v2.eps}
\caption{(Color online) The experimental level density (filled squares) along with the theoretical predictions (lines) of different microscopic NLD models (see text). The normalization point has been indicated by the arrow.}
\label{fig:fig3}
\end{figure}
Here, $I_t$ is the spin of the target nucleus, and the spin cut-off parameter $\sigma $ is evaluated at $S_n$ using the energy-dependent parametrization prescribed by Egidy and Bucurescu~\cite{Egidy3}. The experimental $S$-wave resonance spacing for $^{115}$Sn is 0.286 ($\pm $~0.110) keV~\cite{RIPL} which gives the normalization point $\rho _0(S_n)=$1.268$\times$10$^5$  MeV$^{-1}$. \\
\indent The experimental level densities for $^{115}$Sn extracted from the neutron spectra have been tabulated in Table~\ref{tab:table2}. The errors in the measured NLD represents both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. A maximum systematic error of 40$\%$ arising out of the uncertainty in the determination of the normalization point has been added in quadrature with the statistical errors. The experimental level densities are also plotted in Fig.~3 by filled squares. The density of discrete levels ($\rho_\textrm{disc.}$) obtained from the experimental energy levels~\cite{RIPL} of $^{115}$Sn is also plotted in Fig.~3 by the short-dashed line. In extracting the level densities using Eq.~4, only the part of the experimental spectra which is determined completely by the first-chance neutron emission (shown by the arrows in Fig.~2) was used. The excitation energy of the residual nucleus ($E$) was calculated using the relation $E=E^*-S_n-E_n-E_R$, where $E^*$ is the compound nuclear excitation energy, $S_n$ is the neutron separation energy, $E_n$ and $E_R$ are the kinetic energies of the emitted neutron and the residual nucleus, respectively. The residual nucleus ($^{115}$Sn) being significantly heavier than the emitted neutron its kinetic energy is negligible. For the overlapping data points obtained from the neutron spectra measured at the two bombarding energies, the average values of the level densities have been taken. \\
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{\label{tab:table2} Total nuclear level densities in $^{115}$Sn.} {\small \hfill{}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c c c }
\hline
Excitation energy ($E$)  & Level density ($\rho (E)$) \\
 (MeV)     &  $\times $10$^3$ (MeV$^{-1}$)    \\

 \hline
\\
1.90	&	0.016	~$\pm$~	0.008\\
2.14	&	0.027	~$\pm$~	0.013\\
2.40	&	0.046	~$\pm$~	0.022\\
2.65	&	0.066	~$\pm$~	0.031\\
2.90	&	0.082	~$\pm$~	0.037\\
3.16	&	0.117	~$\pm$~	0.050\\
3.41	&	0.229	~$\pm$~	0.096\\
3.64	&	0.342	~$\pm$~	0.168\\
3.89	&	0.671	~$\pm$~	0.321\\
4.14	&	1.196	~$\pm$~	0.536\\
4.39	&	1.592	~$\pm$~	0.694\\
4.65	&	2.176	~$\pm$~	0.937\\
4.90	&	2.779	~$\pm$~	1.173\\
5.15	&	4.509	~$\pm$~	1.885\\
5.40	&	7.067	~$\pm$~	2.930\\
5.66	&	11.05	~$\pm$~	4.510\\
5.91	&	15.53	~$\pm$~	6.297\\
6.16	&	22.15	~$\pm$~	8.978\\
6.42	&	31.33	~$\pm$~	12.63\\
6.67	&	46.47	~$\pm$~	18.74\\
6.92	&	66.43	~$\pm$~	26.70\\
7.18	&	95.85	~$\pm$~	38.48\\
7.43	&	130.7	~$\pm$~	52.50\\
7.69	&	186.6	~$\pm$~	74.86\\
7.94	&	265.8	~$\pm$~	106.5\\
8.16	&	357.6	~$\pm$~	143.8\\
8.42	&	496.7	~$\pm$~	199.4\\
8.67	&	688.5	~$\pm$~	276.2\\
\hline
\end{tabular}}
\hfill{}
\end{table}
The experimental level densities provide an excellent opportunity to test different microscopic approaches of NLD. The Hartree-Fock-BCS (HFBCS)~\cite{Goriely1,Demet}, and Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov plus combinatorial (HFB+C)~\cite{Goriely2} models are the most frequently used microscopic methods that provide a global description of NLD. The experimental data have been compared with the predictions of HFBCS and HFB+C methods, as well as an exact pairing plus independent particle model (EP+IPM), introduced recently~\cite{Dang,Dang2}. It is observed that the experimental data are in excellent agreement with the prediction of the microscopic EP+IPM (shown by the (red) continuous line in Fig.~3) which takes into account the thermal effects of exact pairing in finite size systems~\cite{Dang}. The HFB+C calculation of Goriely {\it et al.},~\cite{Goriely2} also explains the experimental data reasonably well except for a small disagreement at lower energies as shown by the dash-dotted line in Fig.~3. On the other hand, the total level densities calculated based on the single-particle level schemes determined within the HFBCS model~\cite{Goriely1,Demet} deviates from the experimental data at higher energies (medium-dashed line in Fig.~3). The agreement of EP+IPM with the experimental data emphasizes the crucial role of thermal pairing in the description of the NLD. It should be mentioned here, that unlike the HFBCS and HFB+C methods, the EP+IPM-predicted NLDs do not require any additional normalization while comparing with experimental data.\\

\subsection{\label{sec5:thermo} Thermal properties of $^{115}$Sn}
The thermal properties of $^{115}$Sn were investigated using the measured level densities. The microcanonical entropy ($S$), and temperature ($T$) were extracted from the measured NLDs following the prescription of several earlier works~\cite{Melby2,Giacoppo,Toft}. The entropy is defined by
\begin{equation}
S = k_B {\rm ln} \left[\frac{\rho (E)}{\rho_0}\right]
\end{equation}
where $k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant which is usually set to unity to make the entropy dimensionless. The constant $\rho _0$ is adjusted to fulfill the condition of the third law of thermodynamics $S\rightarrow  $0 as $T\rightarrow  $0. The ground states of even-even nuclei represent a completely ordered system with only one possible configuration, and are characterized by zero entropy and temperature. The value of $\rho _0=$~0.135 MeV$^{-1}$ thus obtained for the nearest even-even nuclei $^{116}$Sn~\cite{Agvaan} is also used in the present case. The microcanonical temperature ($T$) is defined by the relation
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale= 0.75]{Figure4_v2.eps}
\caption{(Color online) The experimental (a) entropy and (b) temperature as a function of excitation energy. The solid (green) and the dashed (red) lines are the Gaussian and linear fits to the data, respectively. The gray shaded regions represent the 95$\%$ confidence band. }
\label{fig:fig4}
\end{figure}
\begin{equation}
T = \left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial E}\right)^{-1}
\end{equation}
The experimental entropy and temperature as a function of the excitation energy have been plotted in Fig.~4. The number of accessible microstates increases as a function of the excitation energy resulting in the gross increase of entropy as shown in Fig.~4(a). Any possible fine-structure present in the entropy curve will be amplified in the temperature plot due to the derivative relation with entropy. The temperature profile, thus obtained is displayed in Fig.~4(b), which shows fluctuating nature characterizing a small isolated system like the atomic nucleus, away from thermodynamic limits. On top of the inherent fluctuations, there are a couple of distinct peak-like structures in the temperature profile between $E\approx  $2~-~6 MeV. Further, the temperature seems to remain almost constant in the region beyond $E\sim $6 MeV as indicated by the dashed line in Fig.~4(b). Here, the first and second peaks in the microcanonical temperature profile, which are centered around E $\sim $~2.4 and 4.4 MeV, are possibly associated to the breaking of the second and third Cooper pairs, similar to those observed previously in $^{116,117}$Sn~\cite{Agvaan}.\\

\subsection{\label{sec6:calc} Microscopic calculations}
To investigate the microscopic origin of the observed features in the temperature plot, we have calculated the temperature dependent neutron pairing gap ($\Delta P_n$) within the EP+IPM which provided the best description of the experimental level density (Fig.~3). The EP+IPM formalism for the calculations of different thermodynamic quantities has been described in detail in Refs.~\cite{Bala,Dang,Dang2}. The calculated pairing gap, as shown in Fig.~5(a), decreases rapidly in the region between $E \sim  $1 to 6 MeV (as shown in the inset of Fig.~5(a)) around the critical temperature $T_c$ ($ \sim $0.6 MeV) which is defined as the temperature at which the pairing gap vanishes according to the conventional BCS theory~\cite{BCS}. This is the region of the pairing phase transition in which the first few Cooper pairs are broken resulting in the peak-like structures in the temperature curve. The enhancement of the pairing around $T =$~0.4 MeV is due to the blocking effect at finite temperature in odd nucleon systems~\cite{Hung}. When more Cooper pairs are broken, the pairing gap decreases slowly, which is reflected in the near constant nature of the experimental temperature in the region beyond $E\approx $ 6 MeV (Fig.~4(b)). The pairing gap does not disappear completely due to the thermal fluctuations in finite size systems~\cite{Dang}.  \\
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale= 0.70]{Figure5_v2.eps}
\caption{(Color online) (a) The neutron pairing gap, and (b) the canonical heat capacity ($C_v$) of $^{115}$Sn as a function of temperature obtained within the EP+IPM calculation. The rate of change of the neutron pairing gap as a function of the temperature is shown in the inset of the upper panel.}
\label{fig:fig5}
\end{figure}
The effect of the sequential neutron pair breaking in NLD and the thermodynamic quantities for $^{115}$Sn has been investigated within the EP+IPM, and it is found that the different regions of the excitation energy can be identified as, (i) $E\sim $~0~-~0.5 MeV: blocking effect of odd neutron, (ii) $E\sim $~0.5~-~2 MeV: breaking of one neutron pair, (iii) $E\sim $~2~-~4 MeV: breaking of two neutron pairs, and (iv) $E\sim $~4~-~6 MeV: breaking of three neutron pairs. Hence, the peaks in the temperature profile as shown in the Fig.~4(b) are caused by the breaking second and third neutron pairs in $^{115}$Sn. In general, for odd mass nuclei ($e.g.$ $^{115}$Sn and $^{117}$Sn~\cite{Agvaan}) there exist two peaks in the microcanonical temperature curve below E $<$~2 MeV. The first peak is related to the blocking of the odd neutron (or the very low-lying excited states), whereas the second peak is associated with the breaking of the first pair. As the present experimental data starts from 2 MeV the peak due to the breaking of the first neutron pair could not be observed. Hence, the two peaks around E$\sim $~2~-~6 MeV observed in Fig. 4(b) should correspond to the breaking of the second and third neutron pairs.\\
\indent Along with the neutron pairing gap the canonical heat capacity has also been calculated within the EP+IPM, and shown in Fig.~5(b). The calculated heat capacity shows a S-shape nature with a local maximum around the critical temperature. As described in recent theoretical works~\cite{Egido,Liu}, the S-shaped heat capacity curve could be treated as a fingerprint of a phase transition in a finite system from a phase with strong pairing correlations to a phase with weak pairing correlations. Pronounced S-shapes in heat capacity are generally expected for the even-even nuclei, whereas for neighboring odd-odd and odd-even nuclei such structures could be less prominent~\cite{Melby2,Bala,Chankova}. In the present case of the even-odd $^{115}$Sn, there is a distinct enhancement in the associated heat-capacity in around $T\approx $~0.6 MeV providing a clear signature of the pairing phase transition in $^{115}$Sn.
\\
\section{\label{sec7:Sum} Summary and conclusions}
The neutron energy spectra in case of $p$~+~$^{115}$In reaction have been measured at low incident energies, and compared with the statistical Hauser-Feshbach calculation performed using the {\scshape TALYS} code. The nuclear level density of the residual $^{115}$Sn nucleus has been extracted in the excitation energy range of $\sim $2~-~9 MeV from the back-angle neutron spectra. The experimental level density has been compared with the predictions of microscopic HFBCS, HFB+C, and EP+IPM models. It is observed that the experimental data are best described by the EP+IPM calculation highlighting the importance of thermal pairing in the description of NLD. The experimental temperature profile shows peak-like structures around $E\sim $2~-~6 MeV which are linked with breaking of nucleonic Cooper pairs. The calculated heat capacity for $^{115}$Sn showed a S-shape which provide a clear indication of the quenching of the nuclear pairing correlation at finite temperature. \\
\section*{Acknowledgments}
The authors would like to acknowledge the VECC Cyclotron operators for smooth running of the accelerator during the experiment. We are thankful to J. K. Meena, A. K. Saha, J. K. Sahoo and R. M. Saha for their help during the experimental setup. The authors also thanks Jhilam Sadhukhan for the stimulating discussions.\\
NQH's works are funded by The National Foundation for Science and Technology Development of Vietnam through Grant Number 103.04-2019.371.

\normalsize

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Judging by the hysterical reaction in some quarters, to President Obama's handshake with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, or his bow to Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah, you would think that America's national security rested solely on body language not sound policy.
Since we are all obsessed with President Obama's first 100 days, let's get this out of the way: He's shown himself to understand the ways to communicate and lead as president. His aerobic first three months have taken the term "activist agenda" to a whole new level. He stands shoulder-to-shoulder with leaders on the world stage. He reaches out to the opposition, but only so far. He's an "all-in" president - checking off items on his to-do list almost daily. And more than 60 percent of the public actually likes him - although they don't agree with all of his ideas.
In his first 100 days in office, President Obama has made it very clear that he's not afraid to tackle the financial and economic mess he inherited.
A new president who came into office following a bitterly contested election, replacing a polarizing predecessor, gets credit for his low-key style, success in changing the tone in Washington and greater-than-expected popularity with the American people. Barack Obama on the eve of his 100th day in office? Yes, but also George W. Bush at the same juncture in 2001.
For a new president, the automobile industry crisis has tested the boundaries of his activist approach and the acuity of his political instincts. As with so many issues in his action-packed 100 days in office, Mr. Obama confronted choices few of his predecessors encountered.
During his first 100 days, Obama has moved quickly to strengthen the U.S. economy, refine the American strategy in two foreign wars and reverse Bush-era detention and interrogation policies that have drawn condemnation at home and abroad. But his first weeks in office have also showed a president who, rather than changing Washington, as he pledged during his historic campaign, was being changed by it.
President Obama has been remarkably busy since he took office in January, making a series of important decisions that have, in some cases, moved the nation in a new direction from the past eight years. Whether the impact will be good or bad, here are the 12 decisions that helped shape Obama's first 100 days and could shape history.
Some people have become a bit cynical about marking a new president's first 100 days, calling the milestone a kind of faux, Hallmark-card moment. Perhaps. But if ever there were 100 days worth marking, it would be those drawing to an end Wednesday.
Barack Obama has used the first 100 days of his presidency to repudiate the go-it-alone tone of George W. Bush's foreign policy, announcing to friends and foes alike that America will lead the world by listening to it.
How does the business community think President Barack Obama is doing? As he hits the 100-day mark, there's little doubt the new President is getting high marks overall for his 24/7 moves to revive the economy. And the favorable sentiment on Obama's job performance reflected in many public polls is also mirrored in the views of many business executives.
One hundred days into his administration — forced by events and prodded by his own driving leadership style — Barack Obama has brought change to Washington that is bigger, bolder and far more risky than anything he articulated in his historic campaign.
For the latest political news: www.CNNPolitics.com.
A "furious" President Obama has ordered a review of the decision to fly a Boeing 747 frighteningly close to the lower Manhattan skyline, White House press secretary Robert Gibbs said Tuesday.
Veteran Pennsylvania Sen. Arlen Specter switched from the Republican to the Democratic Party on Tuesday, saying he has found himself increasingly "at odds with the Republican philosophy."
Kansas Gov. Kathleen Sebelius was sworn in Tuesday night as secretary of Health and Human Services.
Conservative host Rush Limbaugh said Tuesday he isn't sorry to see Arlen Specter leave the GOP — and that many Republicans wish the Pennsylvania senator would take a few others with him when he goes.
A heated Michael Steele told CNN Tuesday longtime Republican Sen. Arlen Specter essentially "flipped the bird" at the GOP leadership with his decision to bolt from the party he has been a member of for more than four decades.
A series of civil lawsuits against defense contractors KBR and its former parent company Halliburton claims the companies endangered the health of U.S. troops and contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan by unsafely burning massive amounts of garbage on U.S. bases.
When you think about the Smithsonian, images come to mind of old documents, artifacts and other materials from years gone by. But an exhibit unveiled Tuesday hopes to put forth a snapshot of recent history in the making.
Judge Jay S. Bybee broke his silence on Tuesday and defended the conclusions of legal memorandums he had signed as a Bush administration lawyer that allowed use of several coercive interrogation practices on suspected terrorists.
The Pakistani government has agreed to allow the U.S. a greater role in training its military, part of an accord that will also send counterinsurgency equipment to help Islamabad step up its offensive against militants.
Hillary Clinton dropped out of the presidential election last June, but her campaign committee continued to raise millions of dollars this year by selling access to a valuable asset: Mrs. Clinton's vast list of political supporters.
Sen. Arlen Specter's defection from the Republican Party drew cheers Tuesday from President Obama and other top Democrats. But some key players in the party base viewed the move with suspicion - demanding that if Specter wants to call himself a Democrat, he had better start acting like one.
President Barack Obama was presented with a timely 99th-day political windfall on Tuesday when Republican lawmaker Arlen Specter switched parties, giving the administration the prospect of a filibuster-proof 60-seat majority in the US Senate.
For Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, Pennsylvania Sen. Arlen Specter's announcement Tuesday that he is switching to the Democratic Party will mean a likely loss of perhaps the greatest tool in the Kentucky leader's arsenal — the filibuster.
Twenty-one area nonprofit groups have suspended their memberships in the United Way and joined a fledgling competitor, citing years of frustration with a steady decline in workplace giving in the Washington region and lingering distrust of the local United Way since it was nearly destroyed by scandal earlier this decade.
For the latest national news: www.CNN.com.
There had been no confirmed deaths in the United States related to swine flu as of Tuesday afternoon. But another virus had killed thousands of people since January and is expected to keep killing hundreds of people every week for the rest of the year.
Nearly all the passengers in a tour-bus crash that killed four people Tuesday in central California were French, police said.
The Supreme Court ruled on Tuesday federal regulators have the authority to clamp down on the broadcast TV networks that air isolated cases of profanity, known as "fleeting expletives."
As isolated outbreaks of swine flu continue to be confirmed around the world, with new cases reported Tuesday in Canada, Israel, France, New Zealand, Costa Rica and South Korea, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger proclaimed a state of emergency and the White House asked Congress for an additional $1.5 billion to fight the outbreak.
U.S. airlines are scrambling to calm jittery passengers and investors and to address growing concerns about the safety of air travel as swine flu spreads outside of Mexico.
A survey of more than 1,000 teachers of Advanced Placement courses in American high schools has found that more than half are concerned that the program's effectiveness is being threatened as districts loosen restrictions on who can take such rigorous courses and as students flock to them to polish their résumés.
College admissions officials, keenly aware that their target audience grows more tech-savvy with every passing year, appear to be getting the hang of social media such as Twitter and Facebook.
White House press secretary Robert Gibbs pointedly refused to rule out a firing in the case of the Air Force One backup's flight that terrified some in New York City on Monday.
Autistic children have variations on genes that help neurons route themselves in the brain of a developing fetus, according to a new set of studies that provide evidence how the autistic mind's structure may go awry.
They're gathered outside the library before the doors open — the man in the Winnie the Pooh sweatshirt talking loudly to no one, the guy crouched behind the book drop, his torn backpack overflowing with everything he owns.
Mary Poppins is flying across the Atlantic - again.
American 17-year-olds aren't performing any better in reading and math than their bell-bottom-clad counterparts in the early 1970s. That's one conclusion from the latest round of a national test tracking long-term educational trends.
The recession has forced a majority of Americans to alter their lifestyles, and many are upset about it, according to a Washington Post-ABC News poll. Still, many are optimistic about their financial prospects over the next year.
Even as the welfare rolls in New York State dropped steadily over the last decade, the number of applications in the state increased by 35 percent from 1999 to 2007, according to a report released on Tuesday by the Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies.
A jury Tuesday acquitted three men of charges that they helped the bombers who carried out the July 7, 2005, attacks on the London transportation system.
Governments and health officials around the world continued to take steps Wednesday against the outbreak of swine flu that has killed scores of people in Mexico and spread to the U.S., Europe and possibly Asia.
More evidence of the global spread of a deadly flu emerged Tuesday, with new cases reported on four continents and a growing number of people in the U.S. requiring hospital treatment.
Richard Armitage, a former US deputy secretary of state, has told Al Jazeera that the conflict in Afghanistan may be "spinning out of control".
The US bond with Israel is "as unshakable as ever" as both nations pursue peace, US President Barack Obama said on Israel's 61st birthday.
Pakistani jets pounded Taleban positions and ground troops moved into the northwestern town of Buner yesterday in an escalation of a military offensive against militants seeking to strengthen their grip in a region close to the country's capital.
Auschwitz survivor Albert Veissid does not know who put his name on a list that remained hidden inside a bottle for more than 60 years.
Five men who claim to have been kidnapped and tortured at the direction of CIA agents are entitled to their day in court to expose alleged U.S. government abuse of terrorism suspects, a federal appeals panel ruled Tuesday.
For the latest business news: www.CNNMoney.com.
Citigroup is seeking U.S. government approval to award special bonuses to several of its key employees, the Wall Street Journal reported Wednesday.
The swine flu outbreak has set off alarm bells for the $770 billion U.S. travel industry, which one expert warns could become the "ground zero" of the economic impact from this latest health threat.
The Justice Department has begun an inquiry into the antitrust implications of Google's settlement with authors and publishers over its Google Book Search service, two people briefed on the matter said Tuesday.
Bank of America Chairman Kenneth Lewis might not hold that title for much longer.
Citigroup Inc., soon to be one-third owned by the U.S. government, is asking the Treasury for permission to pay special bonuses to many key employees, according to people familiar with the matter.
There was more bleak housing news as U.S. home prices continued to fall in February, according to a widely followed index released Tuesday.
As Washington pushes banks to mend their finances, the banks are pushing back.
The U.S. Treasury Dept. broadened the Obama Administration's foreclosure-prevention program on Apr. 28 in a bid to resolve a persistent obstacle to cleaning up problem mortgages. But some financial officials say the fledgling program's success still hinges on controversial legislation pending in Congress, which is also expected to take up another contentious bill that would allow bankruptcy judges to reduce the principal owed on a home.
To watch the latest interviews and reporting: http://www.cnn.com/video.
The Top 10 Obama faux pas in the first 100 days. Jeanne Moos counts down, from head bump to teleprompter trip-ups.
President Obama has made some false statements, but no "pants on fire," according to PolitiFact. CNN's Josh Levs reports.
RNC chairman Michael Steele says Sen. Arlen Specter switched to the Democratic party for "political survival."


The recent events in Charlottsville have prompted discussion in our community about the South Albany High School mascot. Passionate opinions have been expressed to keep the mascot, and equally passionate opinions advocate for changing it.
I am very proud of the hard work and achievements that our students at South Albany High School have made in my time here as the superintendent. I am also proud of all of the hard work and dedication that staff have done to make big improvements at SAHS, including a graduation rate that is 13% above the State average!
As many of you already know, there has been a large volume of conversation and noise on social media about changing the name and or mascot of the school. This is largely due to the heated debate that is occurring on a national level. I have made it very clear that the district office will not drive a possible name or mascot change at SAHS. In my opinion, any potential change that might be made, will be driven by the student body with guidance from their outstanding principal Brent Belveal and his talented staff.
In this time of screaming and people expressing their opinions through social media, I want our school district to model what it is to engage in positive and respectful discourse. We are educators and we need to model what community building looks like! We have our Five Pillars for creating great public schools. Producing good citizens who are mentally and physically healthy and who give back to their community through service, is our first pillar. An "Equity Lens" and continuous improvement principles are two other pillars. We have the framework to begin discussions with our community. We want to be strategic and thoughtful in engaging in any community discussions at this point in time. We want to develop a reputation as a community that is inclusive, respectful and focused on a positive future, where all kids move on to successful post high school outcomes (another Pillar).


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Title: Exorcist: The Beginning
Directed by: Renny Harlin
Written by: Alexi Hawley; William Wisher; Caleb Carr
Produced by: Guy McElwaine; Wayne Morris; David C. Robinson; James G. Robinson
Music by: Trevor Rabin
Cinematography: Vittorio Storaro
Distributed by: Morgan Creek Productions
Released: August 20th, 2004
Running time: 114 min. [1]
125 min. [2]
Budget: $50,000,000 [3]
Gross: $41,814,863 (US) [3]
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Exorcist: The Beginning is an American feature film of the supernatural horror genre. It is basically a quasi-remake of Paul Schrader's Dominion: Prequel to the Exorcist, but Warner Bros. decided to scrap this project despite having been completed, in favor of a complete retooling. Though executives may have feared for the commercial value of Dominion, it actually fared slightly better amongst critics than the re-imagining Exorcist: The Beginning was directed by Renny Harlin with a screenplay written by Alexi Hawley, based on story concepts developed by William Wisher and Caleb Carr. It was produced by Morgan Creek Productions and released theatrically in the United States on August 20th, 2004.
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This film is alternatively known as Exorcist IV: The Beginning.
Production on Exorcist: The Beginning began on November 15th, 2003. Principal photography concluded on February 22nd, 2004. [3]
Exorcist: The Beginning was filmed in Cinecittà, Rome, Italy, as well as parts of Casablanca in Morocco. [4]
Actor Israel Oyelumade is credited as Israel Aduramo in this film.
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This is the first, and to date, only film released by Dominion Productions.
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There are a total of twenty-six credited cast members in this film.
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text:
Provanna exquisita — вид прісноводних черевоногих молюсків з родини Provannidae. Описаний у 2022 році.

Назва
Exquisita з латини перекладається як «допитлива» або «вишукана».

Поширення
Вид поширений на гідротермальному джерелі Шампань на вершині підводного вулкана Північно-Західний Ейфуку в Маріанській дузі на заході Тихого океану.

Опис
Порівняно великий представник роду, що досягає понад 13 мм у висоту раковини (перевищує 15 мм, якщо шпиль неушкоджений), завитки телеоконха з двома або трьома різко піднятими, фланцевими спіральними кілями, що перетинають слабкіші осьові ребра, утворюючи правильну гратчасту скульптуру.

Примітки

Ценогастроподи
Тварини, описані 2022
Молюски Тихого океану

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text:
Track-By-Track EP Review: ÊMIA Drops Debut EP "Little Secret"
Jonathan Currinn July 5, 2019, 6:18 pm
Today marks the release of ÊMIA's debut EP, Little Secret. This collection of tracks are flat-out amazing and it's one EP we would happily listen to on repeat. The release follows up last week's single drop, "If You Can't Take The Rain", which we had the honour to premiere.
ÊMIA, real name Anh Le, is a Brooklyn-based singer-songwriter and producer. She's been building herself up in the music industry for a number of years, first starting off with home-videos, to covering songs on YouTube, to releasing her music on SoundCloud. She has racked up millions of views since and that has allowed her to work with a variety of artists and high-profile labels. She's received critical acclaim for her music, so we're excited to be reviewing her debut EP, titled Little Secret.
There's a total of six tracks on this EP, three of which have been released prior, as singles in promotion for the EP. The single releases were "All I Do", "Teleprompter", and "If You Can't Take The Rain". The three unheard tracks blend in perfectly. Here are our thoughts on each of the songs.
All I Do
The first track on this EP is "All I Do", which also serves as the first single release from the EP as it was dropped back in March. Electronic vibes jump straight in at the start along with ÊMIA's beautiful vocals. The production of the song starts off with club beats but soon tones them down as the song progresses giving the listener a more mellow feeling all the while exposing ÊMIA's vocals making sure the listener hears every single word. It has a very Ibiza chill-out vibe going one, with ÊMIA sounding sweet and incredible at the same time. This is one track that will help you start your party. We're quite surprised that no remixes, of this track, has been released yet, surely DJs would snap this one up. The song is about being the bad guy in a relationship and not actually being good for the other person.
This is the first of the unreleased songs on the Little Secret EP, and what a brilliant track it is. The start opens with "Right from the beginning" in a powerhouse vocal that stuns us, with ÊMIA showing off her vocal talent. This singer-songwriter has some incredible soul in her voice gripping us throughout the track. Her emotions on this song clearly run deep and it simply gives us chills. It's no surprise that this follows "All I Do" as she changes perspective in the relationship she sings about in the previous song, saving herself from hurt and trying to forget about the possible person who could've been the one that got away. Technically brilliant, this track stands out completely and the ending bridge switches the track up to a new height. If there's one song you need to listen to on this EP, it's this one.
What sounds like a guitar is what opens this track up slowing down the pace of the EP. "Teleprompter" is one unique track that describes a relationship that is on the verge of breaking and she has no idea what to do or say. It's one of those mixed-feelings tracks that we all can get behind as we've all been in situations where we weren't sure what the right thing to do or say was – sometimes we all need a teleprompter. Her voice is slick on this track, reminding us somewhat of Rita Ora.
If You Can't Take The Rain
Quite possibly one of our favourite tracks that we've heard all year, "If You Can't Take The Rain" is an impassioned song with the lyrics painting a story. ÊMIA's vocals are on fire throughout, completely drawing us into the story she is telling. Lyrically, the song speaks of a close one who can't take her tears, all she needs is a shoulder to cry on but the person she turns to doesn't lend her their shoulder and so she's built up the courage and strength inside of her. It's a very empowering song that's held with so much emotion and it was an honour to premiere it here on CelebMix.
Stripping back the production of the previous tracks, ÊMIA takes us on a sensual journey allowing her voice to drift us into her world. Her vocals are on point throughout with some incredible held notes. Her voice is clear and crisp whilst still holding a lot of emotion. The song is about missing someone and imagining that person was there with them at that current time, especially when she's feeling lonely. It touches on the problems and difficulties that people have with long-distance relationships, with missing the person being one of the biggest factors, using that one feeling to create this song. The track feels like something Leah McFall would drop – now that would be an epic collaboration.
In A Second.
The shortest track on the EP, "In A Second." rounds out Little Secret perfectly. Piano chords kick in immediately for this track and progressed throughout as beats and instruments are added. Her voice compliments the running piano backing track brilliantly and she easily tells the story of how something that once brought you joy can just walk away from you and it'll all be gone in just a second. It feels like an anxiety track as we all worry that something like that may happen. What a way to end the EP, especially since the end of this track suggests that her EP has gone away in a matter of a second – until you replay them all.
Overall, ÊMIA impresses to no end on this six-track EP, Little Secret. It is intricate, emotional, and unforgettable. This singer-songwriter is on to something, paving her own path in the music industry and proving that she deserves, not only a shot but also her time in the spotlight. She is an artist to watch, that is for sure.
Little Secret is available to download and stream right now, via Internet_Girl Records.
What do you make of ÊMIA's debut EP Little Secret? Let us know on Twitter @CelebMix.
Written by Jonathan Currinn
26-year-old writer, blogger, author, and journalist. Graduated from Staffordshire University in 2015. I write under the name Critic Jonni, on my blog. I also write for Channillo, Outlet Magazine, SPECTRUMM, Fuzzable, Modern Magazine, and Electric Mode. In the past, I have written for Fox & Squirrel Photography and the Daily Star. Follow me on Twitter @CriticJonni
EXCLUSIVE PREMIERE: ÊMIA Releases Emotional New Single & Music Video "If You Can't Take The Rain"
EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW: ÊMIA Talks About Debut EP "Little Secret" And The Single & Music Video For "If You Can't Take The Rain"
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PHOENIX (AP) - Gasoline prices around Arizona are higher at the pumps this week.
Officials with Triple-A Arizona said Thursday the average statewide price for unleaded regular gasoline is $2.19 per gallon, up by a penny from last week.
This week's national average is $2.33 per gallon, down by over 2 cents from last week.
Triple-A analysts say the decrease nationally can be attributed to less demand and adequate supply, but prices could continue to rise in Arizona.
The East Valley that includes Mesa, Tempe, Chandler, Gilbert, Apache Junction, Queen Creek and Ahwatukee has Arizona's lowest average gasoline price at $2.12 a gallon with Flagstaff the highest at $2.39.
South Carolina has the lowest average gas price among states in the continental U.S. at $2.09 a gallon and California the highest at $2.80.


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RFT Events
Out Every Night: The Best Concerts in St. Louis From June 9 to 15
by Mabel Suen
Kholood Eid for RFT
The Flaming Lips - Tuesday, June 10 @ the Pageant.
This week in music features lots of exciting acts from the Flaming Lips to King Khan and the Shrines. Additionally, the Luminary features its first official show with Sylvan Esso. the Pat Sajak Assassins release its new CD and the Lion's Daughter puts out a split in the name of charity. Read on for info on these shows and more in this week's show recommendations.
Soulard Blues Band Monday, June 9, 9 p.m. @ Broadway Oyster Bar - $6 By Roy Kasten From the 2014 RFT Music Awards: One day, dear reader, the Soulard Blues Band will be no more. It's just a fact. And one day you'll wonder why, despite all the opportunities every other day of the week, you never saw this St. Louis institution in its prime -- and no, the band's prime ain't over. If somehow you've never danced your ass off when Art Dwyer lays down a bass line as smooth as crushed velvet, or when Marty Abdullah swings his phrasing on "Kansas City Blues" or "Dust My Broom," or when Tom Maloney plays a solo that would make his mentor (the late, great Benny Smith) smile, well you really should. Don't take this band for granted. Pay your respects soon; they've been earned.
The Flaming Lips Tuesday, June 10, 8 p.m. @ The Pageant - $37.50-$45 By Liz Miller From this 2012 concert review: Perched at the front of the stage -- on the Lips' special extended platform -- below a spinning disco ball and laser show, Coyne slays confetti-filled balloons with his guitar, while others float among the audience, occasionally bursting to offer a decidedly more festive shower. A giant costumed catfish and star appear on stage, as do ladies dressed in Dorothy dresses, and in the audience fans play their parts with bunny and banana costumes, roaming the crowd.... Wielding a smoke-blowing megaphone, Coyne saturates the stage in a hazy film before performing another fan favorite, "The Yeah Yeah Yeah Song." Pull out your Flaming Lips Bingo Card, because the end of this song sees Coyne enter that signature hamster ball bubble, rolling around the audience, at times standing, at others on his knees, bandied about by a gleeful LouFest.
Stephen Houldsworth
Self Help Tuesday, June 10, 8 p.m. w/ Rhythm of Cruelty, Trauma Harness @ Melt - $7 By Jenn DeRose From the 2014 RFT Music Awards: Self Help, the most recent collaboration from Ashley Hohman and Ben Smith following Doom Town's recent demise, combines elements of classic LA punk and the Brian Eno-produced post-punk of No New York in its latest cassette release, CS 2014 on Don't Touch My Records. Hohman, who has previously performed in the Vultures, Doom Town and Tone Rodent, stretches out on the tape, alternately channeling the trills of Poly Styrene and Exene Cervenca. Smith, Chris Eck (of Shaved Women fame) and Leo Jalipa create a danceable space for Hohman's moody vocals, which are more powerful and confident than her previous projects. The result is occasionally hair-raising and thoroughly satisfying.
Press Photo
Sylvan Esso w/ Thelonius Kryptonite Wednesday, June 11, 8 p.m. @ The Luminary - $10/$12 By Christian Schaeffer If you were lucky enough to catch Mountain Man on one of its trips through St. Louis, you were likely transfixed by the a cappella Appalachian folk sounds emanating from the group's three female singers. That austerity has been given an electro twist with the new project Sylvan Esso, which combines Mountain Man's Amelia Meath with producer Nick Sanborn. What was meant as a one-off collaboration became a full-length, self-titled LP. Meath's multi-tracked vocals show traces of her other project, but Sanborn cloaks her vocals in glitchy percussion and gritty analog synth oscillations. Sylvan Esso's performance marks the inaugural concert in the Luminary's new space on Cherokee Street, and local hip-hop polymath Thelonious Kryptonite will open the show.
The Detroit Cobras Thursday, June 12, 9 p.m. w/ Pujol @ The Demo - $12-$14 By Christian Schaeffer When the Detroit Cobras performed at the Duck Room a few years ago for the 2010 incarnation of Twangfest, the Motor City band put on a master-class of garaged-up soul and slinky basement funk. Led by the unflappable Rachel Nagy, the all-covers act worked through songs by Garnett Mims, Irma Thomas and the Shirelles with an effervescent cool that nonetheless made the crowd work up a sweat. The band hasn't released an album since 2007 Tied & True, but seeing as how 2014 marks its twentieth anniversary, you won't hear many complaints from the crowd. An opening set by Pujol, whose new LP Kludge is overflowing with hooks and perpetually punk-damaged joyful noise, makes this an airtight double bill.
The Pat Sajak Assassins CD Release Friday, June 13, 9 p.m. w/ Tennis Lesson, The Leads @ The Heavy Anchor - $5 By Allison Babka From the 2014 RFT Music Awards: Remember how Pink Floyd, Jethro Tull and Yes were widely credited with cementing the legitimacy of the progressive rock genre in the late '60s and early '70s? How they heralded an evolution for music? Well, we might end up saying the same thing about the Pat Sajak Assassins decades from now. As a band that relies more upon instrumental layering instead of front-and-center vocals, PSA already shifts from the norm. But it's more than that -- the band also stacks synth, bass and percussion in ways that jolt listeners into truly hearing each beep and boop and set a new standard for music composition. Played in any order, the songs become an opera fit for R2-D2, and we can't wait to welcome our new robot overlords.
Breakmouth Annie Friday, June 13, 9 p.m. w/ The Cuban Missiles, The Haddonfields, Horror Section @ Schlafly Tap Room - free By Michael Dauphin From the 2014 RFT Music Awards: After gigging around for the last couple years, Breakmouth Annie just recently had its official coming-out party via its first recording, a split seven-inch with the Winchester (Throwing Things Records). The tunes are fast, gritty and heavy, and they drum up the spirit of genuine pre-Blink-182 pop-punk. Singer Bob Monroe's earnest, barbed-wire howl cuts through the thick wall of unmistakable Les Paul distortion, making these songs stick in you like a fishing hook -- and it's easier to just leave them in your head and flounder around than to try to force them out.
The Lion's Daughter/Nights Like These Split 7" Release w/ Everything Went Black, Anodes, Hell Night Saturday, June 14, 9 p.m. @ The Ready Room - $5 By Daniel Hill Memphis metallic hardcore outfit Nights Like These to release a split seven-inch serving one of the noblest of causes: All proceeds will go to benefit stray dog and cat organizations in both bands' hometowns. And when they say "all" they mean it -- all money from sales of the record at the door for this show will be donated. Even the recording work and art was done pro bono, to maximize the potential donation. And if that doesn't pique your interest, perhaps the fact that this is Nights Like These's first recording in eight years will sell you. TLD's press release sums up the mission statement of this project in appropriately metal fashion. Says vocalist Rick Giordano, "This record gives us an opportunity to release a new song, put out a seven-inch with a great band of old friends and most importantly contribute funds to an organization that saves the lives of awesome creatures who, in our opinion, are far superior to humans."
World Party Saturday, June 14, 8 p.m. w/ Gabriel Kelley @ Off Broadway - $20-$23 By Roy Kasten The nice guys of rock music don't finish first or last by definition, and often they don't finish at all. Such is the case with Karl Wallinger, the songwriter behind UK alterna-pop band World Party (and one-time member of the legendary Waterboys), who suffered a life-threatening aneurysm in 2001, just as his band was celebrating the tenth anniversary of its best album Goodbye Jumbo. Unable to speak, let alone perform, Wallinger needed five years to recuperate, and since then his recorded output has been fitful at best. He remains, however, one of the great Beatlemaniacs, a pop auteur who loves pure fun as much as progressive politics, and, on a good night, a performer of the first rank. The music of opener Gabriel Kelley couldn't be more different from the headliner; no matter, his rugged, blues-powered folk more than merits your patronage.
King Khan and the Shrines Sunday, June 15, 9 p.m. w/ Red Mass, The Sueves @ Off Broadway - $15-$18 By Keegan Hamilton From this 2010 show review: Make no mistake, Khan was the star of this show. Others have compared him to a cross between James Brown and Iggy Pop. That's a fairly accurate approximation, but really he's an entity all his own. He unleashes the same "ughs!" "owws!" and "huhs!" as the Godfather of Soul and has the same exhibitionist impulses as Iggy, but he also has the nonchalant vibe of a lounge singer who is utterly confident in both his cool and his shtick. Several times he just stepped back from the mic, cocked his head to the side to see what was happening (on two occasions women from the audience had climbed on stage to dance), and smirked, as if to say "goddamn, this is fun!"
Note: Though we wish we could, we can't feature every great show happening in town in just one measly post. Look for plenty more recommendations this Friday in our weekend shows post, and peruse the St. Louis concert calendar for more ideas any time. Let everyone know what else you're looking forward to seeing this week in the comments below, and submit show info online any time to be considered for inclusion on these lists.
RFT MUSIC'S GREATEST HITS
Remembering STLPunk.com -- How to View the Site Today and Find Your Old Profile Page "Where Did My Dick Go?" The Gathering of the Juggalos' Best Overheard Quotations The Ten Best Dive Bars in St. Louis The 15 Most Ridiculous Band Promo Photos Ever
Follow @rftmusic
Out Every Night


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Home / Club Rugby / Crane confident Pat Lam has assembled a Bristol pack that can go toe-to-toe with Premiership's best
Crane confident Pat Lam has assembled a Bristol pack that can go toe-to-toe with Premiership's best
Posted on 13th July 2018 by admin in Club Rugby, Featured, Gallagher Premiership, Latest News
By Neale Harvey
Jordan Crane reckons Bristol's back row can be the foundation of a stellar season as they aim to silence the critics who are already writing them off.
Bristol kick-off their campaign with a sizzling home derby against fierce rivals Bath before facing daunting trips to title holders Saracens and then Gloucester.
However, Crane reckons Pat Lam's side are ready for their baptism of fire, with the acquisition of ace Aussie back rower George Smith providing extra punch.
Crane told The Rugby Paper: "Of course we'll be written off and it's true that the last two promoted sides have gone back down, but the good thing this time is there were no play-offs in the Championship so it made recruitment a lot easier.
"It also meant we could start building as soon as our last game finished in April, so we've had a good four-week training block already and have been into our rugby a lot sooner than before.
"We're ahead of the eight-ball in that sense and all the systems Pat and the coaches put in place last season just roll forward. The existing guys will be able to translate that to our new guys, so we're in a good spot to hopefully have a very good season."
Crane continued: "We've added a few heavy hitters and with George Smith arriving soon as well, it's not a bad pack of forwards we've put together. If you look at our back row, it's very strong and competitive – as good as anything in the Premiership.
"Dan Thomas was outstanding last season and he'll be one to watch this year when he's fit again. There aren't many genuine No.7s left in the game and he's great over the ball, quick across the pitch and a great support player. Then we've got Sam Jeffries who's a good six/second row option who operates well in the lineout and is very athletic.
"Those young lads are ready to shine and when you add in the likes of Steven Luatua, George Smith, Jack Lam and, dare I say, myself, it's a great back row. We're strong all over our pack and believe we're going to give our backs some great ball."
New signing: Wallaby great George Smith (photo: Getty Images)
Crane says the influence of star signings like John Afoa will be crucial, as he reveals how the 34-year-old ex-Gloucester prop chose to forego his summer off.
"We couldn't keep him away," Crane said. "As soon as Gloucester's season finished he was straight into our pre-season, bantering with the boys. He's a great addition to our squad, never misses a session and is a brilliant example to everybody.
"If the older lads can come in and show the way, it's good for the squad as a whole because the last thing you want is older guys getting preferential treatment. You want everybody equal because that's what builds the culture within a team."
Crane, 32, admits his first Premiership season at Bristol in 2016/17 was a shocker after spending the previous decade at Leicester. However, the powerful No.8 was in the vanguard of last season's promotion charge and feels better prepared.
He added: "My first year didn't go well, but last year was really enjoyable and I loved working with Pat Lam and Conor McPhillips. They brought a lot of stuff I was used to at Leicester, like structure, direction and culture, which I'm enjoying now.
"I've been around a while since making my Leeds debut at 18 and have played over 300 games, but I still have the same enthusiasm. If we can do well in our first block of six league games, that's going to be key."
Tagged Bristol, Bristol Bears, Dan Thomas, Jack Lam, John Afoa, Jordan Crane, Pat Lam
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I'm ready to challenge Big Billy again says Nathan Hughes
Piutau: Radradra will make us a dangerous prospect


File this under: Cutest baby picture you'll see all week.
On Wednesday, Kim Kardashian West took to Snapchat to give fans a glimpse at her adorable (and rarely documented!) son Saint, 7 months — and it's safe to say that smile could melt ice caps.
In the Snapchat video, Kardashian West, 35, films her baby boy in his stroller. Saint, wearing white shorts, a black t-shirt and one very cute bib, giggles as he looks to the side before making eye contact with Mom.
Most recently, Kardashian West revealed her son said the word "Dada" for the first time.


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This Fertility Clinic Biologist May Be the Father to 600 Children!
August 25, 2014 By Kevin Kukla 3 Comments
You know the saying, truth is stranger than fiction.
Meet Bertold Wiesner.
He was a British biologist who ran a fertility clinic from the 1940s to 1960s with the help of his wife, Mary Barton.
He claimed to have helped infertile, British women conceive 1,500 children through artificial insemination. That is, by directly injecting sperm into the uterus, by artificial means.
His big drawing card was he claimed to be able to give them intelligent offspring, thanks to sperm donations from "a small number of highly intelligent friends."
What he was doing in conjunction, or in place of this was all the more immoral and sinister.
WIESNER GETS FOUND OUT
In Spring 2012 or so, news broke when David Gollancz and Barry Stevens came forward with documentary evidence on Bertold Wiesner… their biological father.
The two of them got together, as they had each learned they were conceived in the same clinic. The two men also noticed they looked alike and so they had a DNA test done. Sure enough, they shared the same father: Bertold Wiesner!
A total of 18 people conceived in that clinic between 1943 and 1962 had their DNA tested in 2012. Twelve of them were the biological offspring of Bertold Weisner.
Barry Stevens, who made a documentary about his biological father, estimates his father donated up to 20 times a year, making him the father of 300 to 600 children!
David Gollancz has made contact with at least 11 of his half-siblings, whom were born to other families.
The Daily Mail quotes him as saying, "It's rather uncomfortable, because artificial insemination was developed on an industrial scale for cattle and I don't like the feeling of having been 'bred.'"
How many children did Bertold Wiesner truly, biologically father? We do not know for certain. The man died in 1972, and his wife died in 2001.
WHAT THIS GOES TO SHOW
Deep down we all feel nauseated by what Bertold Wiesner did. This is a natural response, because we know that, by nature, a man should never be the father to 600 children.
By nature, we all recognize how a man becomes a father: by sexual intercourse with a woman, hopefully his wife.
Once you allow for anything outside what nature intended, then where do you draw the line?
We do not know if the women patients for Bertold Wiesner were ever told the identity of man whose sperm he impregnated them with. If Wiesner considered himself to be in that high-IQ class, maybe he did not lie to them.
Now there are potentially 600 people who could meet, fall in love, and then conceive their own children, unknowingly, through incest.
These hundreds of people are robbed of knowing all their siblings.
These people, presumably, never met their biological father, and if they know they were conceived in a clinic, may have serious questions about their identity.
The Daily Mail quotes David Gollancz: "Most recipient parents don't tell their children they are conceived this way, meaning they would never know to search for a donor father… People have a right to know about their own history."
HIGHLY IMMORAL
Artificial insemination, IVF, and other such fertility treatments disregard the integrity of the humanity of the baby, the honor for marriage, and the reverence for the conjugal act (CCC 2377).
"The fidelity of the spouses in the unity of marriage involves reciprocal respect of their right to become a father and a mother only through each other. The child has the right to be conceived, carried in the womb, brought into the world and brought up within marriage," stated the Vatican's Roman Curia.
The Catechism of the Catholic Church teaches, each child has a "right to be born of a father and mother known to him and bound to each other by marriage" (2376).
There are other Bertold Wiesner-types out there. I am not sure anyone else has conceived 600 children, but the British doctor is far from an isolated incident. This happens more often than you think.
When will we stop playing God?
The morally licit way to treat infertility—a real cross for millions of couples—is to use Naprotechnology. These doctors help women to treat the underlying causes of their infertility. Their techniques have a proven track record of success, recognize the dignity of children, and do not interfere with the conjugal act.
So, please share your thoughts on Bertold Wiesner!
Do you understand the immorality of artificial insemination and IVF?
Filed Under: Bioethics, Catholic Teaching, Marriage Tagged With: Catechism, fathers, infertility, IVF, mothers, naprotechnology
Just a Reminder: He's Not Married to His Job, and She's Not Married to the Children
Bills need to get paid. Crying babies need to be fed. Relatives come for visits. The boss man asks for...


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Lena Spencer exhibit at Valley of the Caddo Museum and Cultural Center
Lena Spencer B.F.A. & M.S. from TAMU-Commerce
The inspiration began with a sketch night at the Sam Bell Maxey House. We hired a model to dress in late 1800 period clothing so we could sketch. The images were lovely and the history in the house compelling. The juxtaposition of historical images, cultural and historical references, pattern and design, with today's modern woman resonated and I began to look for connections to create narrative.
My work conveys my perspective on relationships, motherhood, childhood, feminism, and life through images and materials that have been used in the past and recomposed to create a new narrative in a contemporary form. Repeated motifs stress similarities, unity and explore composition. The bicycle played an important part in shaping the future for independent women in so many ways. The images chosen have symbolic and emotional content, reusing and valuing the past, and celebrating the caring and independent spirit of a woman in a graphic modern style.
This exhibit will be here through September 30, 2021.
Lena Spencer exhibit at Valley of the...
Friday Aug 27, 2021
10:00 AM - 4:00 PM CDT
Valley of the Caddo Museum and Cultural Center
1115 Bonham Street
Paris, Tx. 75460


As we always said that kitchen is the heartbeat of the home. The heart is home and his heartbeats are kitchen. Kitchen means a place where you feel that if you want to live and sustaining your life means have yummy food and be happy in your life. Kitchen needs so many things. Like utensils and grocery even also some equipment also. Without storage is next to impossible. Storage is the backbone of the kitchen. The kitchen must need storage area. If the kitchen is huge then no problems but if you have a tiny kitchen so you think how to deal with this problem. But tiny kitchen also working well with storage.
Engineering manager can solve this problem as well as you can hire a professional architect who makes your storage perfect and also useful. The tiny kitchen also has a perfect and updated storage who take minimum space and make you happy. The storage means not a place where you put the extra thing in an unorganized way. But when you design your storage in right way so you can organise your storage and get maximum space in your kitchen.


With so many authentication methods out there to choose from, how do you know which is the best one for your microservices project? David Garvey, APAC Technical Director – Tyk, is on hand to help, with a common sense look at authentication whether you're working in a highly regulated industry or using open source solutions. From traditional access tokens through to OIDC for APIs running across multiple data centers, he'll recommend methods that are pragmatic, innovative, and don't leave you tearing your hair out.


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The 2012–13 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Rick Barnes, who was in his 15th year. The team played its home games at the Frank Erwin Center in Austin, Texas and were members of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 16–18, 7–11 in Big 12 play to finish in seventh place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big 12 tournament to Kansas State. Texas received an invitation to the 2013 College Basketball Invitational and became the first Big 12 team to participate in the postseason tournament's six-year history. The Longhorns lost in the first round to former Southwest Conference rival Houston.

Before the Season

Departures

Recruiting

Schedule

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!colspan=9 style="background:#CC5500; color:white;"| Non-Conference Regular Season

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!colspan=9 style="background:#CC5500; color:white;"| Big 12 Regular Season

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!colspan=9 style="background:#CC5500; color:white;"| 2013 Big 12 men's basketball tournament
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!colspan=9 style="background:#CC5500; color:white;"| 2013 College Basketball Invitational
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Roster

References

Texas
Texas Longhorns men's basketball seasons
Texas
Texas Longhorns men's b
Texas Longhorns men's b


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Серге́й Никола́евич Скри́пка () — советский легкоатлет, специалист по стипльчезу. Выступал за сборную СССР по лёгкой атлетике в 1970-х годах, победитель первенств всесоюзного и республиканского значения, действующий рекордсмен Грузии в беге на 3000 метров с препятствиями, участник летних Олимпийских игр в Мюнхене.

Биография
Сергей Скрипка родился 9 января 1950 года в городе Черняховске Калининградской области.

Занимался лёгкой атлетикой в Москве, выступал за Вооружённые Силы.

Впервые заявил о себе на всесоюзном уровне в сезоне 1972 года, когда на чемпионате СССР в Москве выиграл серебряную медаль в зачёте бега на 3000 метров с препятствиями, уступив только литовцу Ромуальдасу Битте. Благодаря этому успешному выступлению удостоился права защищать честь страны на летних Олимпийских играх в Мюнхене — в программе стипльчеза с результатом 8:41.4 не смог пройти дальше предварительного квалификационного этапа. Во время олимпийского забега на 3000 метров с препятствиями, на первом круге Сергею неосторожно сдёрнули туфлю, оставшиеся два с половиной километра спортсмен пробежал без неё, при этом оставаясь в ведущей группе. Однако за 200 метров до финиша он поскользнулся босой ногой на барьере и упал в яму с водой. Несмотря на навалившиеся испытания, Сергей собрал силы и мужество и финишировал пятым. В финал же попала лишь четверка лидеров.

На чемпионате СССР 1974 года в Москве с личным рекордом 8.26,6 превзошёл всех соперников в беге на 3000 метров с препятствиями и завоевал золотую награду.

В июне 1977 года на соревнованиях в Москве установил ныне действующий национальный рекорд Грузии в стипльчезе, а в июле в той же дисциплине взял бронзу на чемпионате СССР в Москве.

В 1978 году получил серебро в беге на 2000 метров с препятствиями на зимнем чемпионате СССР в Москве.

В 1979 году бежал 3000 метров с препятствиями на VII летней Спартакиаде народов СССР в Москве, но в число призёров здесь не попал.

Примечания

Стипльчезисты СССР
Легкоатлеты на летних Олимпийских играх 1972 года
Чемпионы СССР по лёгкой атлетике
Легкоатлеты Москвы
Спортсмены Тбилиси


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Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation
Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2019
This annual report monitors and evaluates agricultural policies spanning all 6 continents, including the 36 OECD countries, the 5 non-OECD EU Member States, and 12 emerging economies. It is a unique source of up-to date estimates of support to agriculture using a comprehensive system of measuring and classifying support to agriculture – the Producer and Consumer Support Estimates (PSEs and CSEs), the General Services Support Estimate (GSSE) and related indicators – which provide insight into the increasingly complex nature of agricultural policy and serve as a basis for OECD's agricultural policy monitoring and evaluation. Comprehensive country chapters and the Statistical Annex containing detailed background tables with indicators of agricultural support are available in electronic form at the publication website.
https://doi.org/10.1787/39bfe6f3-en
Australia's support to agricultural producers continues to be amongst the lowest in the OECD, estimated around 2% of gross farm receipts for the period 2016-18, with total support to agriculture (TSE) representing around 0.2% of GDP. Typically, total support to Australian agriculture is roughly split between support directly to producers (PSE) and general services support (GSSE).
https://doi.org/10.1787/6556248e-en
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Australia: Estimates of support to agriculture
Australia: Development of support to agriculture
Australia: Drivers of the change in PSE, 2017 to 2018
Australia: Transfer to specific commodities (SCT), 2016-18
Australia: Main economic indicators, 1995 to 2018
Australia: Agro-food trade
Australia: Composition of agricultural output growth, 2006-15
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/component/6556248e-en