William F. O'Neil, "W.O." and his partner, Winfred E. Fouse, founded the General Tire and Rubber Company on Sept. 29, 1915. General Tire began as an outgrowth of the Western Tire & Rubber Company, organized by the two young Akron businessmen. "W.O." and Fouse were convinced that, with a quality product, there was a place for them in big league tire manufacturing. Continental is the second largest European tire producer. In recent years it has recorded substantial gains in both sales and earnings. For 1989, Continental reported U.S. dollars equivalent sales of $4.9 billion. Today, General Tire is a leader in the development, production, and marketing of quality tires for automotive applications. The company continued to operate as General Tire, Inc. from March 29, 1984 through December 31, 1994. It then changed its name to Continental General Tire, Inc. from January 1, 1995 through April 30, 2000. As of May 1, 2000, the company's name was changed to Continental Tire North America, Inc.


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An important prerequisite for modern organizations to grow and succeed in the dynamic and competitive global market is to scan and monitor the environment constantly, make necessary adjustments, and embrace change. In today's business world, technological advancement, increasingly keen market competition, and growing customer demands require organizations to seek various solutions to manage unstable and unpredictable situations rapidly and efficiently. However, research suggests that many organizational change initiatives fail, ranging from 30% to as high as 80% of attempted change projects (Appelbaum, Habashy, Malo, & Shafiq, 2012). One of the major reasons identified for the failure of change efforts, according to research, is the lack of effective communication. Recently, I've started a project to examine the role of leadership communication in successful change management. The study is still ongoing, the findings of which will be discussed in my future blog posts, but I hope to start the conversation now by sharing with you what I read from the literature regarding how communication can help in an organization's strategic change process.
When change occurs, employees often ask the question "why": "Why did this happen to me?" "Why is this happening at this time?" The feeling of uncertainty is typically about the aim, process, and expected outcomes of change and its implications for individual employees. Research has shown that added and accurate information will reduce peoples' perception of uncertainty and proactively establish and maintain trust. Systematic communication could lessen employee uncertainty and increase employees' sense of control and job satisfaction during changes (Bordia et al., 2004). Often, gaps in expected communication and silence from the management side leave a hole that employees will try to fill with their own fantasies and interpretations. Rumors, opinions, speculations, and moods could spin out of control. Based on three empirical studies of internal communication during mergers and acquisitions, Gerps and Trinczek (2008) concluded that formal or informal communication could help diminish employees' anxiety even if the communicated messages contain bad news. Withholding information during the phases of radical change could easily be one of the worst mistakes in managing changes.
Employee resistance to change is among the most challenging barriers to overcome for changing organizations. During the change process, the normal reproduction of the organizational structures, routines, and rules is interrupted. Meaningful communication should help inform and educate employees regarding the rationale, necessity, or urgency for change and motivate them to support the change. Open and transparent communication nurtures the trust and positive attitudes of employees to change. Effective communication on the change itself and its associated outcomes, particularly the benefits, could help employees understand and appreciate the proposed change and mitigate employee concerns. It also helps employees cope with negative emotions, such as fear, stress, anxiety, and frustration, which facilitates change. For instance, a caring two-way communication approach that allows employees to voice their concerns and express their feelings would work better than simply cascading information to or ignoring the emotional reaction of employees (Clampitt, 2001).
Frahm and Brown (2007) examined how communication during organizational change is linked to employees' receptivity to change and found that including employees in the process through frequent face-to-face meetings creates a trusting and open atmosphere. Often, employees feel frustrated with organizational change because of a lack of involvement in the change process. Conversely, if employees are involved in the change process from the beginning, they will feel more in control of the results. Giving employees a small empowering opportunity could significantly affect their attitudes because it can provide them with some sense of control over the change process and help move the change effort along. In this sense, effective upward communication not only provides management an opportunity to listen to employees but also instills a sense of empowerment and involvement in employees, thereby leading to better employee participation and support for the change.
When a change initiative is implemented, it creates a new reality through communication. Employees facing the change initiative immediately try to make sense of it and understand its potential effects on them. This sense making accompanied by adequate information and communication from an organization could resolve uncertainties and ambiguities. However, people in an organization often have various backgrounds, interests, experiences, positions, education, and so on. They may make sense of the same situation in various ways. Research suggested that individual reaction and responses to change mutually interact and influence each other over time (Stensaker & Falkenberg, 2007). Therefore, effective storytelling and communication are essential to building shared understanding and interpretation between management and employees and employees and employees. For instance, organizations can create a vision of what the change is about, why it is needed, and how it will be achieved. Visionary communication that is carried out in a repeated and timely manner is a critical tool to inform, create understanding, and change the attitudes and behavior of employees in the re-orientation process.
Indeed, in many cases, successful change communication requires joint efforts from leaders, supervisors, communication managers, and sometimes legal, HR, technology, and financial departments depending on the nature of change (e.g., downsizing, mergers and acquisitions, disaster, and adoption of new technology). This leads to a related emerging topic—CCO's new role as "integrator" to foster cross-functional collaboration, as discussed in Arthur Page Society's 2016 Research Report. Not only communication leaders, all the leaders across levels in the organization should be part of the game—utilizing strategic communication to successfully implement change. This may entail multiple aspects, such as the timing of communication, messaging, channels of communication, and source of communication, etc. For instance, with the wide adoption of new technology, how can leaders capitalize on the benefits of digital tools to communicate change and maximize the success of strategic change? Do the digital tools work better than traditional face-to-face communication? Who should be the mouthpiece of the change initiatives, CEOs, the communication department, or supervisors? These topics are critical but under-researched. While I am eager to find out the answers through my upcoming empirical studies, I would love to hear your views, thoughts, and insights on these change communication topics. If you are interested in joining the discussion or collaborating on a research study on strategic communication and change management, please leave your comment below or contact me at rlmen@jou.ufl.edu.
Appelbaum, S. H., Habashy, S., Malo, J. C., & Shafiq, H. (2012). Back to the future: revisiting Kotter's 1996 change model. Journal of Management Development, 31(8), 764 – 782.
Bordia, P., Hunt, E., Paulsen, N., Tourish, D. & DiFonzo, N. (2004). Uncertainty during organizational change: is it all about control? European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 13, 345-366.
Clampitt, P. G. (2001). Communicating for managerial effectiveness, 2nd ed. Sage Publications, Inc. Thousand Oaks, California.
Frahm, J., & Brown, K. (2007). First steps: linking change communication to change receptivity. Journal of Organizational Change, 20(3), 370-387.
Gergs, H. H., & Trinczek, R. (2008). Communication as the key factors to change management: A sociological perspective. In Holger Sievert and Daniela Bell (Eds.) Communication and Leadership in the 21st Century (pp. 141-156). Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gutersloh.
Stensaker, I., & Falkenberg, J. (2007). Making sense of different responses to corporate change. Human Relations, 60, 137-177.


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Novavax Initiates Phase 2 Clinical Trial of RSV Vaccine Candidate
ROCKVILLE, Md., Oct. 8, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Novavax, Inc. (Nasdaq:NVAX) today announced that enrollment has begun in a Phase 2 dose-ranging clinical trial of its respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine candidate in women of childbearing age. The study is being conducted in collaboration with PATH, an international nonprofit organization that transforms global health through innovation, which is providing approximately $2 million in funding to support the trial.
This randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study will evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of two dose levels of Novavax's RSV-F protein nanoparticle vaccine with and without aluminum phosphate as an adjuvant. The study will enroll 330 women of childbearing age who will receive either one or two intramuscular injections at each dose level of vaccine or placebo at days 0 and 28. Safety and immunogenicity will be evaluated over six and four month periods, respectively.
"In addition to evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of our RSV vaccine candidate in an important patient population, this study will be crucial for both the determination of the optimal dosing regimen for future studies and the potential adjuvant effect of aluminum phosphate, an adjuvant used in U.S. licensed products," said Gregory Glenn M.D., Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of Novavax. "Previous clinical and preclinical findings have suggested that immunization with our nanoparticle vaccine produces functional neutralizing antibodies to multiple sites on the F protein. We expect to report top-line results from this trial, through Day 56 observations, in the first quarter of 2013."
About RSV and Maternal Immunization
RSV is the most common cause of childhood respiratory infection globally, with a disease burden of 64 million cases and approximately 160,000 deaths annually. Severe RSV disease necessitates 3.4 million hospital admissions per year and disproportionately affects infants below six (6) months of age. A severe episode of RSV bronchiolitis can lead to recurrent bouts of reactive airway disease/asthma for many years after the initial event. It is a highly contagious virus that occurs as a predictable epidemic from late autumn through early spring in the U.S. and other northern hemisphere regions and can have more than two annual peaks in tropical climates. RSV disease burden in low-resource countries is significant, and available data indicate that the virus is responsible for a high proportion of childhood acute lower respiratory infection in these settings, particularly in the first few months of life. Currently, there is no approved RSV prophylactic vaccine available. Maternal immunization is a widely practiced strategy for protecting infants in a variety of diseases, such as neonatal tetanus and is currently recommended by the Center for Disease Control'sAdvisory Committee on Immunization Practices for battling infant pertussis. Maternal immunization can lead to heightened antibodies in infants and thereby protects them against the targeted disease, and thus may be a key strategy to protect young infants from RSV illness.
Novavax, Inc. (Nasdaq:NVAX) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company creating novel vaccines to address a broad range of infectious diseases worldwide. Using innovative recombinant nanoparticle technology, as well as new and efficient manufacturing approaches, the company produces vaccine candidates to combat diseases, with the goal of allowing countries to better prepare for and more effectively respond to rapidly spreading infections. Novavax is committed to using its technology platforms to create geographic-specific vaccine solutions and is therefore involved in several international partnerships, including collaborations with Cadila Pharmaceuticals of India, LG Life Sciences of Korea and PATH. Together, these organizations support Novavax's worldwide commercialization strategy and have the global reach to create real and lasting change in the biopharmaceutical field. Additional information about Novavax is available on the company's website, www.novavax.com.
Statements herein relating to the future of Novavax and its ongoing development of its vaccine products are forward-looking statements. Novavax cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. These risks and uncertainties include those identified under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Novavax Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We caution investors not to place considerable reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this press release. You are encouraged to read our filings with the SEC, available at www.sec.gov, for a discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements in this press release speak only as of the date of this document, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the statements. Our business is subject to substantial risks and uncertainties, including those referenced above. Investors, potential investors, and others should give careful consideration to these risks and uncertainties.
CONTACT: Frederick W. Driscoll
VP, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Novavax, Inc.

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Have you ever felt something out of anger that you regretted after that situation?
Yes, most of the time it happens. Nobody wants to get angry and want to control the emotions and mind but they can't. You would think most of the time how to control your mind and emotions to stay happy. Most of you guys face such types of a problem because you know very well anger, stress, overthinking is not good for your health.
First one is that don't try to control or change outside world. Stop thinking about another one. If you want to control or change something, control or change yourself. This is the best way to keep stress free and relax because by this decision your mind works for you, not for others and your mind clearly knows that how you can stay relax and happy.
Getting stress is our choice whether we want to take it or not. Yes, It's true! There are many ways to keep control your thoughts and emotions. So, Guys! I am here to tell you how to control your mind and emotions. If you will implement these ways, you will definitely see a drastic change in yourself.
Start the meditation to keep control your mind and understand yourself. Meditation is the best way to control your mind and emotions. Meditation will work like a miracle to stay happy always. You can sit or lie down during meditation, take a deep breath and always keep your eyes closed to help you focus mentally/spiritually. Meditation helps to enhance the concentration power and feel relax.
If are getting angry and taking the stress. Firstly, You need to relax. Drink water and feel relax. You'll feel your mind is open and light. Relaxed mode helps to stop overthinking. When our mind is calm, relax and open then innovative ideas will generate in your mind automatically. You will deal with problems very calmly and not get frustrated. Make a habit to keep your mind free and relax.
One thing I want to share with you that I experienced in my life. When we get angry or stressed, our mind stop the work in the right way. So, be relax. Your mind can't control your emotions. You face can't smile and you can't think positive until keep relax.
It is very easy to say that think positive, but very difficult to implement in our life. Yes! you heard so many times, "Think Positive", but how?
Haha!! Yes, we are addicted to taking the stress. Then, how can we control your mind?
"Think Positive" means "Jo Hota Hai Acche Ke Liye Hota Hai". Stop thinking that why it happened? That's called an external factor which we can't control. Then, "Feel Relax and Think Positive". Now, we can do it.
So, What to do to think positive?
Make a daily routine to read a book either Motivational, Inspirational, Innovative ideas, Biographies etc.
Slightly press in the center of the palm with a thumb of the opposite hand and hold it for at least one minute. It will help you to relax and relieve from stress. Practice this technique and feel the difference.
Never expect others to do anything. This is the main reason to get stress and anger.
Let's go ahead with a smile. When you think positive, smile enhance your beauty inside automatically. A Smile is the best way to make strong the relations. Make a habit to keep smiling always. When you start to keep smiling, you 'll feel you are happy from inside and when you start to live happy from inside, your mind automatically starts to keep relax and calm. A Smile is always the best solution of every problem. Even sometimes your smile can refresh other's mind. Now, you can suggest to others how to control your mind and emotions.
If you want to keep smiling always you can learn from little children but if you don't want, nobody can make keep happy, its all depends on you and only YOU.
Everyone knows how much yoga is important to keep healthy in a polluted environment. It promotes the level of relaxation of our mind. Many people begin practicing yoga as a way to cope with feelings of anxiety. Close your eyes and mouth. Inhale and exhale your breath for 15 to 20 times daily. It definitely works and you 'll feel the difference. You can implement yoga to keep calm and happy in your life. After a month, you will definitely tell others, how to control your mind and emotions.
Exercise helps to keep your mind fit & healthy. Make a habit of exercise for 30 minutes. You can do Surya Namaskar Exercise to keep control your mind. Choose the best exercises according to your time. improve your capacity slowly.
Do whatever what you love, like listening to music, playing with pet, swimming, dance, talk with parents and grandparents. Play with children, eating chocolate and sweets, drink warm water by taking a sip, take a shower etc involve in your activities. After that, you 'll feel so much calm, relaxed and happy. It will definitely change your lifestyle, I guaranteed you.
If you have any suggestion and query, please give me your feedback through comments.
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Jewel History: Queen Wilhelmina of Prussia, Bride's Title (1922)
Wilhelm and Hermine at Huis Doorn, 1933 (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
"Queen Wilhelmina of Prussia, Bride's Title"
(originally appeared in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 9 Oct 1922)
Doorn, Holland, Oct. 9 — The bride of former Emperor Wilhelm [2], the Princess of Reuss [2], will assume the title "Queen Wilhelmina of Prussia," [3] according to an announcement today during a preliminary reception to the bride and bridegroom at the castle.
The former Kaiser was attired in his favorite uniform of a high admiral of the fleet, with his breast covered with a multitude of pre-war decorations and his left sleeve showing the mourning band.
The ex-ruler showed many courtesies to the guests. He was in high good humor, entertaining the company with anecdotes. "I shall soon be the happiest man in the world," he said, and then added gaily, "No longer will I be called the solitary exile of Doorn." [4]
Hermine of Reuss (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
The Princess of Reuss appeared equally happy. She wore a toilette of state, with a dark veil slightly covering a jeweled diadem.
The only member of the Hohenzollern family present was the ex-Emperor's fourth son, August Wilhelm [5], although the ceremonial was attended by a large number of German professors, former generals, court officials, and members of the nobility and their wives, including Count von Moltke [6], together with several Dutch professors and many members of the Dutch nobility. The castle was adorned with bouquets and garlands of flowers, which are arriving daily, the gift of admirers and friends of the ex-Emperor in many parts of the world.
The registry book was signed by many hundreds of visitors. The book was placed in a room in the new part of the castle [7], which is designed after the architecture of the Middle Ages. It is the building commonly used as the offices of the former Emperor's guards.
Hermine, Wilhelm, and Hermine's daughter, Princess Henriette of Schönaich-Carolath, at Huis Doorn, 1932 (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
According to the present arrangements, the marriage ceremony on November 5 [8] will occur in the chapel of the castle. This will be in harmony with Dutch law. Baron Schommel-Pennick van der Oye, the mayor of Doorn, will act as civil officer on the occasion and deliver the customary speech. The church ceremony will be conducted by the Rev. Dr. Vogel of Potsdam, former court chaplain, who will preach the sermon.
By order of the former German monarch, no photographers or newspapermen will be allowed to attend the ceremony.
1. Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany (1859-1941) was the last emperor of Germany. He was the son of Kaiser Friedrich III and his British-born wife, Princess Victoria (eldest child of Prince Albert and Queen Victoria). He was forced to abdicate and went into exile at the end of World War I.
2. Princess Hermine of Reuss of Greiz (1887-1947) was the second wife of Kaiser Wilhelm II. She was a member of a Germany princely family, one of the daughters of Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz and Princess Ida of Schaumberg-Lippe. Like her husband-to-be, Hermine was a widow; she had five children with her first husband, Prince Johann of Schönaich-Carolath.
3. Why "Queen Wilhelmina of Prussia" and not "Queen Hermine of Prussia"? That's an extremely good question. This newspaper article is sourced from the Associated Press wire, and I have a feeling it's an error. I've seen some uses of "Queen Hermine" to refer to the kaiser's second bride — even though her husband had abdicated all of his royal titles before they married — but never "Queen Wilhelmina."
4. In November 1918, as World War I drew to a bloody close, Kaiser Wilhelm fled Germany for exile in the Netherlands. He bought a home, Huis Doorn, where he lived for the rest of his life; he was allowed to travel freely if he stayed close to home, but longer journeys required the approval of the government. But Wilhelm hadn't really been a "solitary exile" for that long. His first wife, Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein, died in April 1921. One of Hermine's sons sent the exiled emperor a birthday card in January 1922, and Wilhelm responded by inviting both of them to visit him in the Netherlands. He and Hermine hit it off, and the rest is history.
5. Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia (1887-1949) was the fourth son of Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein. August Wilhelm and Hermine were actually contemporaries; he was less than a year older than his future stepmother. In 1922, August Wilhelm's marriage to his cousin, Princess Alexandra Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, had recently ended in divorce. (The marriage allegedly failed, in part, because August Wilhelm was in love with his personal adjutant, Hans Georg von Mackensen.) His ex-wife remarried in January 1922.
6. Count Detlef von Moltke was one of Wilhelm II's adjutants.
7. Huis Doorn was more manor house than castle. It did have a castle-length legacy, however; it had been built and rebuilt several times since the ninth century. Shortly before Wilhelm purchased it, it had been owned by Dutch aristocrats. One of them, Baroness Ella van Heemstra, was the mother of the actress Audrey Hepburn. After World War II, the Dutch government seized the property, and today it is a museum and national heritage site. Wilhelm is buried in the mausoleum on the grounds.
8. The couple did marry at Doorn on November 5, 1922. According to newspaper reports, Hermine wore a diamond and pearl tiara from the Reuss family collection at the wedding.
Categories // germany, jewel history, Netherlands, royal wedding


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Home Holidays Fired Up at Fierbois
Fired Up at Fierbois
Comments Off on Fired Up at Fierbois
What is it? A week in a mobile home at Keycamp's Parc de Fierbois.
Where? Near Tours in the Loire Valley, France, right outside the tiny village of St Catherine le Fierbois.
Description: Can a mobile home "parc" deep inside rural France provide enough entertainment to keep three small children happy for a week? "Mais oui," says Wendy Sloane, who took her three daughters to the Loire Valley and had a surprisingly good time…[keycamp.jpg]
To enjoy time with the children at a parc that has great facilities, including 250 acres of woodland, a lake replete with sandy beach, indoor and outside swimming pools and all-inclusive kid's clubs.
Our kids loved the kid's club, where they played water games, did loads of art projects, went on treasure hunts etc. We spent a lot of time in both the indoor and outdoor swimming pools and the lake, which has a sandy beach, as well as the playground. Older kids can play beach volleyball, basketball, football, tennis, and do archery, boules, badminton etc, and take advantage of the adventure park zip-wire, which goes over the lake. Cycles are also available for hire, as are go-karts and Rosalies, or family cycles, and pedaloes. See also Local Activities, below.
Unlike similar parcs there seemed to be no evening entertainment designed for children our age, which we didn't mind a bit. We spent most evenings having a barbecue on our excellent deck and enjoying the weather – and the cheap supermarket wine.
The kid's clubs are great, and offer two hours of free childcare in the morning and two in the afternoon. The girls who work there will also baby-sit in the evenings for six Euros an hour. All are CRB-checked and our girls seemed to really get on with them well.
No real pampering facilities are available here, but if you ask at reception they can certainly recommend something in the area. If you want a salt bath, head for the beach…
Local activities: This area is full of things to see and do. We spent a day visiting Sleeping Beauty's Castle, or the Chateau d'Usse (see www.chateaudusse.fr), which gave inspiration to the fairy tale and boasts several rooms depicting scenes from the book. Clementine was in four-year-old princess heaven, but seven-year-old Tilly preferred the Grottes Petrifiantes de Savonnieres, less than a mile from Villandry, which provides guided tour of petrified grottoes (see www.grottes-savonnieres.com). Josie, nine, had a great day at La Recreation, a former farm that has been converted into a play park where everything is made from recycled materials. Ride in an old bathtub or shopping trolley, and bring a swimming costume for the water slides. Picnic a must as only coffee and ice creams are on sale. Drive to La Petit Netilly, about 20 minutes away (see www.tourism-touraine.com/recreation).
Wish we had known: That the only restaurant in the neighbouring village requires advance bookings. We arrived with three ravenous children at the Auberge Jeanne d'Arc and were rather rudely told to go away. Needless to say, we did – and we didn't come back! We ate instead inside the parc, and while the food wasn't fantastic it was more than adequate and the service was ultra-friendly.
Our top tip: The French are French, and unlike the more safety-conscious English are not overly worried about worst-case scenarios, or, it seems, the possibility of being sued. The indoor pool is on one side of the lake and neither it nor the lake has any lifeguards, life preservers, alarm or even a call box. We watched one small unattended boy crack his head on the side of the pool (thanks to his unruly friends) then run screaming looking for help, which was at least five minutes away. Others complained that a floating wooden dock in the middle of the lake had several large nails protruding from it, and that they had watched a handful of children cut their feet on them.
Kids say: "I liked swimming in the lake," says Clementine, four. "The go-karts were fantastic," adds Josie, nine. Adds seven-year-old Tilly: "I wish I knew how to steer!"
Getting There: Keycamp offers self-catering holidays to more than a hundred parcs across nine European countries, plus the USA, Canada and, most recently nine parcs in the UK. Each has wide-ranging facilities and a choice of mobile home, chalet or Supertent accommodation. A seven-night break at half term in May 2010 for a family of two adults and up to four children, staying in a two bedroom Villanova mobile home with decking at Keycamp's Parc de Fierbois, costs from L430, including return Dover to Calais ferry crossings. This price includes an early booking discount of L71, available on holidays booked before 30 September. The same holiday in August will cost from L547, including an early booking discount of L35. Fly-drive packages are available through Keycamp at a supplement. For the latest deals, further information or to make a booking, visit www.keycamp.co.uk or call 0844 406 0319.
About our stay: I admit it, I'm a bit of a snob. And my husband Duncan is an inverted snob, although he won't admit to that unless he's very, very drunk (on expensive Champagne, of course). So when we received an invitation to sample yet another French mobile home parc – that would be our second in two weeks – we had mixed feelings. Surprisingly, when we arrived at Keycamp's Parc de Fierbois we were both pleasantly impressed. The parc is located on 250 acres of woodland next to a beautiful private estate, accessible only through the picturesque fairytale village of St Catherine de Fierbois. The parc is large but not too large, with a gorgeous lake at one end – complete with a man-made sandy beach – and fantastic facilities. Although our mobile home was a bit smaller than the one we had stayed in the previous week, it was in a beautiful area near the lake shaded by tall trees and had a large wooden deck, replete with barbecue and umbrella (although be warned: some of mobile homes are in newly planted areas, and have virtually no shade whatsoever). We were conveniently just a hop, skip and jump away from the pools, the lake, the playground, the shop, the restaurants and bar. What more could a family want? [castle.jpg] Our children loved the kid's club, where all three of them – aged 4, 7 and 9 – attended the same sessions and made fast friends with both the group leaders and the other children. When they got a bit restless we hopped in the car and took in some local sights (see above). Clementine, the youngest, was entranced with the Chateau D'Usse, the inspiration behind Sleeping Beauty, while all three adored visiting a grotto of petrified caves to learn how dead animals can turn to stone within a matter of months (who wouldn't?). [lake.jpg] Back at camp, we kept ourselves busy with daily activities of swimming, lake walks and long games of Rummikub and Uno. I also got to read several novels (a bonus) and Duncan came to terms with grilling delicious French sausages on the barbecue. We even made some new (adult) friends and invited them over to dine on our deck, where together we consumed conspicuous amounts of cheap supermarket wine that came in a plastic bottle (but didn't taste like it did). In fact, most of our grub came from the hyper-markets outside the parc as the on-site shop was quite pricey – think L1.50 for a Kit-Kat – although this being France the baguettes sold there were cheap and warm from the oven. The shop is also conveniently closed for two hours during lunch time, like most markets in France, so advance planning is a must. All in all we had a good week, and left with our snobbery slightly tarnished, vowing to come back and sample a mobile home park again. The children had enjoyed an incredibly busy time participating in a variety of activities, I had managed to get some much-needed rest and Duncan was able to improve his culinary skills (or at least his grilling acumen), although with the British weather we won't be firing up the barbie too often back at home. A win-win situation for everyone! (Wendy Sloane is Travel Editor of entertainthekids.com. She divides her time between writing, travelling and taking care of her three young daughters.)
Created: 2009-09-10 11:37:18.793
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Renovations: Elevators - 2014, lobby - 2015, restrooms - 2016, corridors - 2017, windows - 2018
Total Building Size: 275,000 SF
Floors: 13, 2 below-grade
630 Ninth Avenue, also known as the Film Center Building, is a 13-story office building that once only catered to businesses involved in film, theater and music. It was completed in 1929 by the world renowned architect Ely Khan. Its landmarked Art Deco-styled lobby shows Pre-Columbian influences and is notable for its bold and varied colors. The building's restrooms were renovated in 2016 and the corridors were renovated in 2017 along with the addition of a class-E fire system. Additionally in 2017, windows were added to the entire eastern side of the building between the 7th-14th floor and 25,000 square feet of obsolete film storage vaults were converted into new office space. Located in the vibrant Hell's Kitchen neighborhood, moments from the Theater District, there are numerous amenities close by including a variety of dining options all along Ninth Avenue. Access to the Port Authority Bus Terminal, The NY Waterway Ferry, and the Lincoln Tunnel, as well as access to multiple subway lines is just a short walk away providing commuters with an easy way to and from the building.
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text:
Laying The Foundation Stone,
Divine Service at St John the Evangelist
Prior to the laying of the foundation stone, there was Divine Service at St John the Evangelist. Before St Matthew's was built, this was the parish church for the area covered by St Matthew's parish.
The sermon was preached by the Bishop of London, the Rt Revd C J Blomfield. The Daily News reported that it was a 'most eloquent sermon and that the Bishop used the text of St Luke, 9:18 [4].
The procession to St Matthew's
Following the service, the clergy, churchwardens and officers then walked in procession to Great Peter Street. The procession was headed by the High Constable of Westminster and followed by:
The parochial beadles
The Church Building Committee
The architect, Clerk of the Works and builder, who carried the plans, mallet, levels, coins and silver trowel;
The Bishop of London with the Rt Lord Robert Grosvenor, MP
The Very Revd Dean of St Paul's, (the Revd Canon Bentinck)
The Revs J Jennings, (Rector of St John's), Repton, Frere, Wordsworth, Borradoile, Tennant. Williams, Belcher, Jephson, E.Davies, Gilby, North, Hooper, Kingsmill, Wilson, Belcher, Haden Allen, (Master of Dulwich College) etc.
Dean Buckland
HM Commission
Church Building Society
> Divine Service
Lord Grosvenor's speech
Revd Richard Malone


text:
Exploring the bio-behavioural link between stress, allostatic load & micronutrient status: A cross-sectional study among adolescent boys
Little Flower Augustine1, Krishnapillai Madhavan Nair1, Sylvia Fernandez Rao2, Mendu Vishnu Vardhana Rao3, Punjal Ravinder1, Avula Laxmaiah4
1 Divisions of Micronutrient Research, National Institute of Nutrition, (ICMR), Hyderabad, India
2 Behavioural Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition, (ICMR), Hyderabad, India
3 Biostatistics, National Institute of Nutrition, (ICMR), Hyderabad, India
4 Community Studies, National Institute of Nutrition, (ICMR), Hyderabad, India
Date of Submission 30-Sep-2016
Date of Web Publication 20-Jan-2017
Krishnapillai Madhavan Nair
Division of Micronutrient Research, National Institute of Nutrition (Indian Council of Medical Research), Jamai-Osmania, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana
Background & objectives: Allostatic load (AL) is a cumulative measure of physiological deregulation and is influenced by multiple factors including nutrition. The objectives of the study were to assess AL among adolescent boys (15-19 yr) and delineate its association with psychological stress and micronutrient status.
Methods: A cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted among 370 adolescent boys of five higher secondary schools from Hyderabad, India. Perceived stress, adolescent life event stress (ALES), psychological morbidity and coping were measured. Biomarkers of AL included dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, 12-h urinary cortisol, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, body mass index and blood pressure. Micronutrient status with respect to iron (haemoglobin, ferritin, hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor), folate, vitamins B12, C and A were analyzed in a sub-sample of 146 boys. AL score ≥3 was calculated from eight biomarkers.
Results: Fourteen per cent participants had no AL but 34.3 per cent had AL score of ≥ 3. Unadjusted means of ALES scores were significantly different (P = 0.045) among participants with low [mean, 95% confidence interval (CI): 580, 531-629] and high (663, 605-721) AL. After controlling for confounders, the means were significantly different for controllable life event sub-scale of ALES (P = 0.048). Adjusted hepcidin concentrations were significantly higher among participants with high AL (means, 95% CI, 27.2, 24.0-30.8 for high AL; 22.1, 20.2-24.2 μg/l for low AL, P = 0.014).
Interpretation & conclusions: Build-up of AL was found in adolescent boys and was positively associated with life event stress. Iron nutrition and stress exhibited a positive association through hepcidin. The study provides a link between iron nutrition, physiological deregulation and stress.
Keywords: Adolescents - allostatic load - hepcidin - iron - psychological stress
Augustine LF, Nair KM, Rao SF, Rao MV, Ravinder P, Laxmaiah A. Exploring the bio-behavioural link between stress, allostatic load & micronutrient status: A cross-sectional study among adolescent boys. Indian J Med Res 2016;144:378-84
Augustine LF, Nair KM, Rao SF, Rao MV, Ravinder P, Laxmaiah A. Exploring the bio-behavioural link between stress, allostatic load & micronutrient status: A cross-sectional study among adolescent boys. Indian J Med Res [serial online] 2016 [cited 2019 Jul 18];144:378-84. Available from: http://www.ijmr.org.in/text.asp?2016/144/3/378/198675
Allostatic load (AL) is defined as the cumulative wear and tear on physiologic processes due to recurrent or chronic stress and uses multiple biomarkers to quantify this physiological deregulation. AL has proved to be beneficial in quantifying the overall stress accumulation, well before the actual clinical manifestations set in [1]. Conceptually, psychological stress is an important dimension of AL. There are a few studies looking for a relationship between stress and AL [2]. However, the measurements are largely done among elderly population [3]. Exploring AL among adolescent population is an emerging area since puberty is marked by an increase in the susceptibility to various psychological disorders, such as anxiety and depression [4],[5],[6]. The developmental plasticity associated with certain areas of the brain during adolescence provides more chances of resilience [7] and is therefore, of focus. In India, the biopsychological model of stress and AL has not been tested and is of interest due to the increasing reports on stress among adolescents [8],[9].
Lifestyle factors including nutrition could influence AL. Healthy eating index has shown a negative association with AL among US adolescents [4]. Multiple micronutrient deficiencies are a significant problem in India and have not been addressed so far in relation to AL [10]. The effects could be bi-directional, with specific deficiency of micronutrients leading to more AL accumulation or AL leading to exacerbation of deficiency. Therefore, an understanding on whether the accumulation of physiological wear and tear starts early and has a relationship with stress is warranted. If an association with micronutrient status exists, an effective strategy can be delineated to combat AL and/or micronutrient deficiency.
The present study was aimed to understand whether there was build-up of AL among adolescent boys (15-19 yr), and if so, was it associated with psychological stress and/or micronutrient status.
The study was carried out in Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation, Telangana erstwhile Andhra Pradesh, India, wherein all (n = 5) government boys' schools [9] were covered. Since the study intended to detect early changes in adolescents, boys were selected for the study due to reports of men being more susceptible to AL [11]. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee in 2007, and was carried out in the academic year 2009-2010 with approval from the Directorate of Intermediate Education, Hyderabad. The detailed study design and methodology can be found elsewhere [9],[12].
Study design, sample size and recruitment: For stress variables, a sample size of 353 was fixed assuming a 40 per cent prevalence of stress from pilot studies [9],[12]. To test the mean difference in stress across categorical scores of AL, a difference of 5 units for Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) with standard deviation of 5 and 100 units for adolescent life event stress (ALES) with SD of 168[9] was assumed and the sample size required per group was 44. The above sample size was adequate to detect a delta in the range of 0.5-0.75 SD unit for all micronutrients on the categorical scores of AL.
To minimize the influence of acute stress associated with school examinations, the study was carried out during a period of no terminal examinations. Written consent was obtained from the participants and their parents. Apparently healthy students were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were diagnosed hormonal abnormalities, congenital anomalies, chronic illnesses, current medication or intake of multivitamin or mineral supplements for the past one year. Enrollment was carried out using random selection from each school [12].
Study variables
Standard of living index (SLI): SLI, which is a proxy for economic status, was calculated using 17 household assets, and a weighted scoring pattern was used [13].
Anthropometric measurements: Anthropometry was done as per the standard methodology described previously [12],[14].
Blood pressure: The blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer (Omron, Bengaluru, India). The participants were seated for 15 min before measuring BP. The procedure was repeated three times at an interval of five minutes while resting in a seated position [15].
Stress variables: The variables studied were ALES, perceived stress, psychological distress and coping using pre-tested, culturally appropriate scales [12]. The ALES scale [16] has 40 items and measures the stress due to life events experienced by the participants in the past year scored on a dichotomous scale of 'yes' or 'no'. The reported internal consistencies for controllable and uncontrollable events were more than 0.8[16]. PSS-14 is a 14-item scale which measures the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful during the past month [17]. The participants were required to choose from a scale of five alternatives on a 0-4 scale. The seven positive items were reverse scored and added up to the seven negative items to get the total score. Coefficient alpha reliability for PSS-14 was 0.84 among college student population. Greater scores indicated higher perceived stress. General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) has 12 items and is a measure of psychological morbidity experienced during the past week. For scoring, a 0-3 Likert scale followed by bimodal scoring (0-0-1-1) was used. A score of 3 was used as the cut-off for psychological morbidity [18].
Methods of coping were assessed using coping strategies scale (50 items). The test consisted of five sub-scales combined into two major constructs of approach and avoidance coping. The split-half reliability reported in the scale was 0.78 for approach and 0.69 for avoidance and the test-retest reliability was 0.92[19].
Collection of blood and urine: Blood sample collection, transportation and processing were carried out as have been described previously and were done within one day of administration of behavioural stress measures [12]. Twelve hour urine samples were collected using 2 l leak-free wide mouth bottles, pre-coated with 100 mg/l thiomersal (Sisco research laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad). The samples were transported, measured, filtered using glass wool, aliquoted and stored at −20°C until analysis.
Allostatic load measures
Primary mediators: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) was determined in plasma and cortisol in urine using RIA kit (Immunotech, Beckman Coulter, Marseille Cedex 9, France). The analytical sensitivity of DHEAS was 6 µg/100 ml. Twelve hour urinary cortisol was expressed as µg/g creatinine. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) assay was done using sandwich enzyme immunoassay (R&D Systems Inc., MN, USA), with a minimum detectable dose of 0.70 pg/ml and assay range of 3.12-300 pg/ml. The OD for samples below the lowest standard concentrations was extrapolated using 4-PL logistic curve fit (Sigma plot version 11.0) till the minimum detectable dose of 0.7 pg/ml. C-reactive protein (CRP) was assayed using human CRP assay kit (Alpha Diagnostic International, USA). Assay range was 5-100 ng/ml. The minimum detectable dose was 0.35 ng/ml. For response below the assay sensitivity, a value of 0.3 ng/ml was assigned.
Secondary mediators: Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured in the plasma using a commercial kit as per the manufacturer's instructions (Biosystems, Barcelona, Spain).
Biomarkers of micronutrient status: Haemoglobin was analyzed in the blood samples by cyanmethemoglobin method (Hemocor-D, Coral Systems, Goa) and plasma ascorbic acid by α,α-bipyridyl micro method [20] on the day of blood collection. A sandwich ELISA was used to measure serum ferritin concentrations [21]. Folic acid and vitamin B12 (Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics, USA), soluble transferrin receptor (R&D Systems Inc., USA) and hepcidin (DRG International Inc., GmbH, Germany) were estimated using commercial kits as per the manufacturers' instructions. Plasma retinol was estimated [22] by high-performance liquid chromatography (Thermo Finnigan, Herts, UK). The laboratory carrying out these analyses is being continuously validated for ferritin and retinol (VITAL-EQA program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA).
Computation of AL: For each of the biomarkers of AL, the high risk threshold was determined empirically on the basis of the distribution of that biomarker in the sample [23]. Top quartile was considered as risk, except for HDL cholesterol and DHEAS for which below 25th percentile corresponded to risk. Each participant was assigned one point for a biomarker reading beyond the threshold value. AL was measured by summing the number of parameters, for which the participant showed biomarkers in the risk quartile. A maximum score of eight was possible for AL.
Cortisol was not included in the algorithm since only 107 participants provided urine sample. However, the AL model was tested with and without cortisol and was found to have an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.884, P< 0.001 signifying agreement between the two models.
Statistical analysis: The analysis was carried out using SPSS version 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Normal distribution of the variables was tested using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Log transformation was done for variables which were not normally distributed. The final sample included 370 boys for behavioural measures and 146 for analyzing the biomarkers of AL and micronutrient status. One participant with CRP >10 mg/l was excluded from the sub-sample, and therefore, data for 145 were analyzed for AL and micronutrient status. The ALES and PSS-14 scores were treated as continuous variable for analysis, bivariate correlations were tested and median split was used for descriptive statistics. The inadequacy of micronutrients was defined as described previously [12].
The relationship between stress variables and AL was tested using independent student t test, followed by ANCOVA, if the results were significant. The covariates considered for the relationship between ALES and AL were participant's age, coping variables, SLI, GHQ-12 and PSS-14.
The mean age of the participants was 16.7 yr [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.5-16.9]. Forty two per cent of families had SLI below median. About three-fourth reported GHQ above the cut-off and one-fourth of participants showed low coping behaviour; around 25 per cent of participants fell in the topmost quartile in individual biomarkers of AL, with an overall AL median of 2.02 (interquartile range, IQR 1.34, [Table 1]. Fourteen per cent of participants had no AL and 34.3 per cent had an AL score of 3 and above [Figure 1]. With the inclusion of cortisol, the proportion showing AL was 41 per cent.
Table 1: Psychological stress variables and biomarkers of allostatic load (AL); descriptive and cut-off values
Figure 1: Distribution of allostatic load scores. The cumulative scores were calculated using quartiles of each parameter; counting the number of markers for which the individual has fallen in the risk quartile and summing up. Equal weighting was provided for all markers. A score equal to or above 3.0 was considered as allostatic load (n=143).
SLI showed a negative correlation with ALES (r = -0.318, P< 0.001) and a positive correlation with avoidance coping (r = 0.238, P = 0.004). There was a negative trend between AL and SLI (r = -0.140, P = 0.096).
Based on the data, the AL scores were categorized as normal = 0-2 and risk = 3-6 and tested for their association with stress variables. ALES showed a significant association with AL, P = 0.045 [Table 2] after controlling for age, perceived stress, psychological morbidity and approach coping strategies, F(1,135) = 4.15, P = 0.043. The relationship did not persist (adjusted mean, 95% CI, 586, 542-631 for low AL and 650, 590-712 for high AL, F(1,134) = 2.748, P = 0.100) after controlling for economic status. Among the sub-scales of ALES, controllable life events were significantly higher in participants with AL and persisted after controlling for all confounders including SLI (adjusted mean, 95% CI, 174, 160-189 for low AL and 202, 182-223 for high AL, F(1,134) = 4.645, P = 0.048).
Table 2: Association between allostatic load (AL) and stress variables
After controlling for confounders, there was a significant association between AL scores and hepcidin concentrations [adjusted means, 95% CI, 22.1, 20.2-24.2 µg/l for low AL, 27.2, 24.0-30.8 µg/l for high AL, F(1,138) = 6.491, P = 0.014, [Table 3]. In addition, there existed a positive correlation between primary mediators and hepcidin (r = 0.197, P = 0.018) but not with secondary mediators (r = -0.049, P = 0.55).
Table 3: Relationship between allostatic load (AL) and biomarkers of micronutrient status
The study explored the build-up of AL among adolescent boys using AL index representing hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, cardio-metabolic and inflammatory markers. About 34 per cent of participants exhibited AL which showed a significant association with ALES. Among biomarkers of micronutrient status, hepcidin showed a significant association with AL, signifying a link between physiological deregulation and iron metabolism.
Forty two per cent of the families had asset-based SLI below median cut-off and the participants belonged to low to middle socio-economic status (SES). The substantial proportion of stunting, undernutrition and multiple micronutrient deficiencies suggest a background of general undernutrition. The proportion of anaemia reported in this group was comparable to the national average of 24 per cent [24]. Ascorbic acid and retinol deficiencies were in concordance with the earlier report among adults (75 and 21%, respectively)[25].
AL has been considered as a cumulative effect of several stressors including SES, stress and early adversities associated with it. The algorithm which has been used for AL included DHEAS as the marker of HPA axis function, along with two inflammatory markers and five secondary mediators, representing cardio-metabolic function. The defined cut-offs of each biomarker of AL were lower than the clinical cut-offs but comparable to the US adolescent data in terms of blood pressure, lower for cholesterol, body mass index and CRP. HDL risk cut-off was significantly lower in our participants compared to the US [23]. The AL scores computed with and without cortisol showed a high correlation emphasizing on the cumulative nature of AL and non-dependency on a single marker. In adolescence, physical health is generally at its peak and subtle alterations in allostatic mediators are primarily observed. If not addressed, the continued exposure to stress may lead to exponential increases in later life leading to adverse health outcomes [23].
A cumulative index cut-off of 3 corresponding to the 75th percentile was used for AL. This cut-off was similar to the cut-off used in the first study among elderly with ten biomarkers [11], which was used to provide more specificity among adolescent boys with respect to AL. The median value of AL observed in the study with eight biomarkers was comparable to what has been reported in two nationally represented studies in American adolescents [5],[23].
The study demonstrated a build-up of AL among one-third (34%) of the participants, which was in concordance with the 35 per cent reported among the US adolescents aged 12-20 yr with a lower cut-off of two [4]. At this age, one-third of boys exhibiting three or more biomarkers in the top quartile need caution and the reasons of this early physiological deregulation need to be evaluated. Two prospective cohort studies have reported that AL is associated with health risk later; that among adolescents with high AL, there is an increased risk of asthma and schizotypal personality in adulthood [5],[26].
The relationship between psychological stress and AL among adolescents has shown a positive association among adults [2]. One prospective cohort study showed an association between early life stressors and AL three years later but was based on HPA functioning alone [27]. In the present study, the scores of AL were significantly high for those who had higher ALES. This provides evidence for psychological stress of adolescents leading to build-up of AL. SES, a known modulator of AL [28], appeared to play a role in the relationship between AL and ALES in this population.
There was an association between controllable life events sub-scale of ALES scale and AL. Controllable life events are considered modifiable by the individual and include items such as change of major subject, social activities, sleeping habits, trouble with parents/bullies, serious argument with a close friend, and issues such as breakup with girlfriend. Most of these events appear to be affected more by emotional factors than socio-economic issues. Therefore, this observation provides indirect evidence on modifiable factors such as promoting adaptive coping in the population.
In the present study, there was a significant association between AL and hepcidin, especially the primary mediators of AL, IL-6, CRP and DHEAS. The hepcidin concentrations reported for participants were comparable to the previously reported hepcidin concentrations in 13-15 yr old boys of the same region [29]. Earlier, an association between stress and hepcidin through IL-6 has been demonstrated as an outcome of stress upregulating the inflammatory pathway of hepcidin release [11]. Therefore, the pathway of influence of AL and hepcidin could be through IL-6 and CRP. A recent study has reported an inverse association between AL scores and serum beta-carotene concentrations in middle-aged men, providing evidence for a link between nutritional status and AL [30].
In conclusion, this study showed that there was build-up of AL among adolescent boys. AL was associated with stress but not with micronutrient status, except for hepcidin. Attempts need to be made to target AL and bring about resilience. The implications of the association between AL and hepcidin on iron status need to be investigated further.
Authors acknowledge Dr Shahnaz Vazir, Former Deputy Director and ICMR Emeritus Scientist, Dr B. Sesikeran MD, Former Director, National Institute of Nutrition for critical inputs. The assistance provided by Shri G. Subbarao in the administration of psychological scales, the field assistance by Shriyut Venkat Narasimha Reddy, K. Narasimha Reddy, Technical Assistants, Behavioural Sciences; haemoglobin and retinol estimation by Shriyut Vikas Rao and JS Acharya, Technical Officers, Micronutrient Research, are acknowledged.
Conflicts of Interest: None.
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[Figure 1]
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3]
1 The first multi-zoo application of an allostatic load index to western lowland gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla )
Ashley N. Edes,Barbara A. Wolfe,Douglas E. Crews
General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2018;
2 Prevalence of Nutritional Anemia and Hyperhomocysteinemia in Urban Elderly
Sai Santhosh Vadakattu,Laxmi Rajkumar Ponday,Arlappa Nimmathota,Balakrishna Nagalla,Divya Shoshanni Kondru,Prasad Undrajavarapu,Bhoja Raju Banavath,Sivakesava Rao Kommula,Ravinder Punjal,Suryanarayana Palla
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2018;
Augustine LF
Nair KM
Rao SF
Rao MV
Ravinder P
Laxmaiah A
Adolescents - allostatic load - hepcidin - iron - psychological stress
Material & M...
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I have a 2007 525i . I want to make it more sporty will a bumper from a 2007 e60 fit with no modifications?
A 2007 525i is an E60. Starting in 2008, a design refresh called LCI took place, so to answer your question, yes, a bumper from another E60 in the same model year should fit your car. The only exception would be an M5, which has different parts.


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Once you establish what you achieved, it's time to evaluate how you achieved it. Take stock of how your organization deployed its resources and the effectiveness of different aspects of your promotional campaign. This helps you get a picture of return on investment from your campaign as well as valuable insights into donor behavior.
How much time did we invest in the campaign? Staff hours (setting up + managing the campaign).
Did the campaign involve any financial outlay? Expenses directly relating to the campaign.
Identify areas in which you lacked skills and increase your knowledge for future campaigns. The HIPGive LEARN and FAQ resources are a great place to start.
Metrics are useful in understanding your campaign results, but each campaign is different and sometimes circumstances around the campaign can be difficult to predict, so there is no one-size-fits-all approach to evaluation. The most important thing is to learn, grow, and come back reinvigorated for your next campaign further down the line!


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Sourakata Koité "en Hollande"
Categories: CD, LP, Music, Sourakata Koité, Tape Tags: Traditional, West Africa
Sourakata Koité "en Hollande" quantity
Reissue of the immaculately-executed (mostly) solo kora epics by Senegalese griot Sourakata Koité. Recorded near Delft, Holland in 1984 with two Neumann mics in an old converted chicken coop.
Sourakata Koité is born in 1955 in Malème, Senegal, a Malinke-speaking area). As Sourakata says, "All the Koité are musicians!" He is indeed a member of a family of djéli (or griot in french), the hereditary caste of musician-storyteller-historians in West Africa.
His musical life began early: at age three he began to play kora (a 21-string harp) with his uncle and brother; at 11 he performed with four members of his family as Les Griots (two koras, one bala, one djembé and one singer) in a piano-bar named Thiosan. When asked about his first musical memories, he replies, "We can't remember the taste of the baby bottle."
In 1977, a six-month engagement at a restaurant in Fréchencourt, France brought him to Europe, leaving Dakar where he had lived since 1975, having experienced the auspicious launch of mbalax music. He moved to Paris in 1978 to visit his brother—who was touring with the National Ballet of Senegal—and stayed in the capital on his brother's advice.
In Paris he began to play in different bands, including Les Lézards, Les Ballets Kodia, La Kola, Le Griot de Paris, among others, and for different musicians like Manu Dibango, Jacques Higelin, Touré Kounda, Manfeï Obin, Mangala, Luther Allison, Mah Damba and more. He also performed alone and in a duo with a bala (traditional xylophone) player.
Koité, newly situated in Paris, soaked up the new sounds he heard there and expanded his musical repertory. He began to compose his own songs and build koras, allowing him to play and experiment with different tunings. Koité is a true innovator in that regard: he conceived of two 37-string koras (including a double handle one), and another with 22 strings (some of which are metallic guitar strings, and that enhance that characteristic buzzy sound). Additional strings expands the possibilities, he says, and also the sound of his instrument. "Kora usually has very little bass: it seems that there's a kora, but also a piano in there; they are two, four… or even five!"
Koité links this idea to his use of overdubs on some tracks during the recording of en Hollande. During a festival in the Netherlands, music producer and record shop owner Martin Kollaart form Plexus Records heard him and asked to make a recording. In 1984 in an old chicken coop near Delft, Koité recorded the entire album in a single day, all first takes, including overdubs. The rich sonics and deep sound beautifully presents Koité's virtuosic and entrancing renditions of traditional and original tunes.
Very curious and eclectic in his tastes, Sourakata listens and plays a wide range of styles—jazz, rock, reggae, funk, blues, classical. Relaxing in his apartment close to la porte des lilas in Paris' 20th arrondissement, he listens to Bob Marley, James Brown and the online Malian music station Radio Wassoulo, excited by his recent return to international performances. "People should participate during the show!," he says. "They won't be able to hide, and it will give me courage!"
With the reissue of en Hollande, Awesome Tapes From Africa continues its mission of bringing tapes posted on the ATFA website over the years, including this one, to music fans all over the world.
Asnakech Worku "Asnakech"
DJ Katapila "Trotro" 12″ Single + Bonus Tracks
Jess Sah Bi & Peter One "Our Garden Needs Its Flowers"


Sadie is often referred to as a transformation provocateur – focusing on how and why individuals and organisations can, should, and will transform in the world of today and tomorrow.
Her expansive entrepreneurial and consultancy experience has provided her with a unique insight into where the world of work is going and how we will need to adapt and transform to keep up with the changing landscape.
Her work is frequently featured in a range of professional publications, websites and blogs, where she shares her up and coming thoughts.


pertaining to or of the nature of egoism.
being centered in or preoccupied with oneself and the gratification of one's own desires; self-centered (opposed to altruistic).
Egoistical systems both of optimism and pessimism perish with their narrow standard of the import of intellectual life.
But perhaps even the too frequent loss of books is an evil to be preferred to the egoistical meanness of the selfish collector.
I confess that on reading a passage here and there it seems merely an autobiographical sequence, and egoistical into the bargain.
Egoistical and hard, he has lived up to the last for show, throwing out his chest in a bubble of vanity.


text:
package com.docuware.dev.schema._public.services.platform;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlEnum;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlEnumValue;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

@XmlType(name = "DocumentAction")
@XmlEnum
public enum DocumentAction {

    @XmlEnumValue("ReIntellix")
    RE_INTELLIX("ReIntellix"),

    @XmlEnumValue("Append")
    APPEND("Append"),

    @XmlEnumValue("SetLatestVersion")
    SET_LATEST_VERSION("SetLatestVersion"),

    @XmlEnumValue("UndoCheckOut")
    UNDO_CHECK_OUT("UndoCheckOut"),

    @XmlEnumValue("CheckOut")
    CHECK_OUT("CheckOut"),

    @XmlEnumValue("CheckIn")
    CHECK_IN("CheckIn"),

    @XmlEnumValue("EnhanceImage")
    ENHANCE_IMAGE("EnhanceImage"),

    @XmlEnumValue("MergeAnnotations")
    MERGE_ANNOTATIONS("MergeAnnotations"),

    @XmlEnumValue("RotatePage")
    ROTATE_PAGE("RotatePage");
    private final String value;

    DocumentAction(String v) {
        value = v;
    }

    public String value() {
        return value;
    }

    public static DocumentAction fromValue(String v) {
        for (DocumentAction c: DocumentAction.values()) {
            if (c.value.equals(v)) {
                return c;
            }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(v);
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


While recently traveling to LA I picked up a copy of The Art of War by Sun Tzu (Translation by Thomas Cleary… Shambhala Dragon Editions). This has always been one of my favorite strategy/business books as it is amazing to me how applicable 6th century BC teachings outlining success in battle are to current day business and corporate culture.
What I really admire is that success even then was defined by more than winning. Winning is key in today's corporate culture but many people differ on their thoughts and approaches to achieving victory.
It was very interesting to revisit the importance of the human element specifically the human psyche and how vital "fullness" is to success on the battlefield and the boardroom.
One of the principles outlined was the importance of "fullness". Fullness is when leadership and subordinates are of like mind and operate together. Emptiness is the presence of rifts and dissatisfaction within the team. If this exists it is difficult to achieve the overall objective. It is important to empower your team so that "fullness" may be realized.
Regarding leadership "Leaders plan in the beginning when they do things" and "Leaders consider problems and prevent them". This speaks to the importance of planning and having a clear understanding of more than just what is directly in front of you.
In terms of defining leadership Sun Tzu stated that Leadership is a matter of intelligence (plan and know) , trustworthiness , humaneness (Compassion), courage (Seize opportunities to make certain of victory), and sternness (establish discipline).
Make yourself invincible, and then watch for vulnerability in their opponents. This really speaks to the importance of knowing yourself, strengths and weaknesses. Thus recognize areas where you are weak and make them strong.
The success of military operations was dependent on the harmony of the people. This is directly applicable to business today as those in harmony will contribute naturally, without being exhorted to do so.
And finally it is the unemotional, reserved, calm, detached individual who wins. Not those seeking vengeance or ambitious seekers of fortune.
If you have not read it I would recommend it. It is a quick read and it is interesting to see how little has actually changed in terms of what is required to be successful in any competitive situation.


Marie advises corporate and institutional clients on corporate transactions and company law.
On the transaction side, Marie has advised companies and both private and venture capital investors on investment projects and equity fundraising.
Prior to joining the Corporate & Commercial Department, Marie worked in the firm's Private Client Department where she advised on a broad range of property matters.


Goalkeeper Danny Greaves started out at Bristol Rovers before spells with Forest Green Rovers, Mangotsfield United, Cirencester Town, Clevedon Town and Bridgwater Town, making more than 400 career appearances.
After two successful seasons as boss of Western League Premier Division side Bradford Town, he has now been appointed manager of Southern League Premier Division South club Frome Town.
Greaves, who has also worked as assistant manager at Bristol Manor Farm, succeeds Josh Jeffries at Badgers Hill.
Here he reflects on his playing days in Gloucestershire and looks ahead to his new challenge in Somerset.
What are your memories of playing in Gloucestershire for Forest Green and Cirencester Town?
To be honest, not great and both were very short spells. I really enjoyed my six months at Forest Green, having just left Bristol Rovers and entered the real world. Tim Harris was brilliant for me and gave me my debut in very difficult circumstances in a struggling side, and Steve Perrin was an unbelievable keeper and character and was a big help.
Cirencester was not so great. I initially had a good pre-season, but the campaign started poorly for me personally, and with work, home life and the travelling it really impacted my game like I have never experienced before, and it was right to move on very early into the season.
What would you say was the highlight of your playing career?
Most definitely reaching the FA Cup first round and playing Chester with Clevedon in 2006/07, followed closely by winning the Southern League Division One West with Mangotsfield in 2004/05.
At Bristol Rovers probably Mark Walters or Nathan Ellington. In non-league, Dave Seal was unreal at what he did.
How much have you enjoyed your time as manager of Bradford Town?
I've absolutely loved every minute of it. It's a great little club with great people behind the scenes. We had a two club record breaking seasons with our highest finishes (fifth and then fourth) and also going well in the FA Vase. I will always be grateful for them giving me my chance as a number one.
Why did you feel it was time to move to Frome Town this summer?
You just don't turn these opportunities down. I'm ambitious, have always been clear with Bradford on that. Frome are the fourth biggest club in this region behind Bath City, Chippenham Town and Weston-super-Mare and have the potential to pull on a huge fan base and really kick on in time.
What are your aims and ambitions both at Frome and for your own managerial career?
Firstly to build a squad and aim to match the great work which was firstly started by Nick Bunyard and followed on by Josh Jeffries.
If I can match what they have achieved initially, I would be delighted. But ultimately we would like to kick on, create a solid infrastructure throughout the club and challenge in seasons to come. As I said previously, I am ambitious and firstly want to do well with Frome.
What do you do outside football, work wise?
I work as a senior merchandiser for a cruise ship retail concessionaire called Harding Retail. I really enjoy it and have an understanding company who appreciate the needs at this level of football.
What do you think about the statement, 'goalkeepers don't make good managers'?
To be fair their aren't many ex-goalkeepers managing in the top leagues, so can see where that comes into play! But certainly around the Bristol area we have a few successful ones, with Ray Johnston winning the Western League three years ago, and Richard Fey winning it with Street this year.


Developed with key principles in mind; power, speed, and precision. Awake's electric surfboards are built for superior acceleration, sharp corners and fast straights, giving the user an unparalleled riding experience.
Crafted from high-end composites, these electric surfboards challenges the users with aggressive power. The slim rear offers rapid response and high agility, while the streamlined body design is sculpted with acute attention to hydrodynamics.
Awake's Jet surfboard design is a leading Scandinavian expression of power and agility within a clean and elegant body. Attention has been given to features which ensure ease-of-use without compromising the thrilling riding experience.
Awake's technology standard is cutting-edge engineering; focused on mechanical and electrical precision.
The core purpose at Awake is to offer extreme mobility by use of high-end technology.
Through user feedback, Awake Boards are a direct response to what the motorized surfboards market desires, resulting in a patent-pending where it matters the most.
Awake's mobile application enables customizable power output. The application also informs the user of battery life, estimated riding time and a quick-start guide for your jet surfboard.
Depending on rider style, previous experience or simply the mood or conditions, the application provides the rider with four rider modes; KIDS, ECO, SPORT and EXTREME.
Focusing on developing electric motorized surfboards with cutting-edge technology, the RÄVIK synchronizes extreme performance with intelligent, safe, and reliable internal systems.


text:
Clinton Digital Library
Mandatory Declassification Review Requests
Searching the Clinton Digital Library
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Collections
Audio Visual Collections
President Clinton's Daily Schedules
First Lady Clinton's Daily Schedules
NEW Finding Aids
All Finding Aids
Audio Visual Finding Aids
Clinton Library Website
Digital Library Exhibits
Identifier is exactly "2008-0666-F (Segment 21)"
White House Photographs from July 1, 2000 through December 31, 2000 - Collection Finding Aid
Collection No. 2008-0666-F (Segment 21)
The photographs processed in this segment were created from August 14 & October 11, 2000 through October 17, 2000. The segment contains photographs pertaining to: arrivals, departures, meetings, ceremonies, press briefings, interviews, photo-ops, etc., involving President Clinton, Hillary Rodham Clinton, White House Staff and others for the time period processed
Tags: Air Force One, Americorps, Audio Visual, Bill Clinton, Dennis Ross, Finding Aid, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Hosni Mubarak, Madeleine Albright, Middle East Peace, Photograph Contact Sheets, Ron Klink, Sandy Berger, U.S.S. Cole, Vice President Gore, Yasser Arafat, Yemen


text:
Q: How to fetch id when using dup.update_attributes() p = product.dup.update_attributes(name: "The latest thing")

The code above creates (and saves) a duplicate of the product object, with one attribute altered.
How do I retrieve the id of the newly created record? The variable p is only returning true.

A: The problem here is that p is equal to what return update_attributes ( true if the update was successfull, false if not)
You should do this:
product_copy = product.dup # copies the product into a new one, stocked in variable product_copy
product_copy.update_attributes(name: "The latest thing")
product_copy # => your Product object

An alternative:
product_copy = product.dup
product_copy.name = "The latest thing"
product_copy.save

A: It returns true because update_attributes is the last method that gets evaluated. So p gets assigned the value of the update_attributes method, which will either be true or false.
p = product.dup
p.update_attributes(name: "The latest thing")
p.id

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


According to a Euromonitor report on trends and developments in sports nutrition, the sports nutrition segment is valued at $11.9bn, with the largest chunk of that market in North America; roughly 70% of the market.
The top three fastest growing product segments, as determined by compound annual growth rate (CAGR) are sports protein products (9.0%), probiotic supplements (8.6%) and supplemental nutrition drinks (7.8%).
Currently the base customer is expanding in this segment moving from elite athletes to millennials (21-34) and baby boomers (50-64). The latter two segments are learning and adopting behaviors from the elite athletes as the benefits of exercise and body movement become more mainstream.
They want to emulate how they're eating and snacking, and this translates into the foods AMCO Proteins' product developers and marketing teams bring ingredients to market.
AMCO Proteins is a dairy protein manufacturer for the food, beverage and nutritional markets, and spoke to DairyReporter about the trends.
When it comes to consumer food trends that fit this market segments there are a two staple categories, AMCO Proteins said: high protein shakes and high protein bars.
Both product categories continue to grow, and are also simultaneously experiencing makeovers. Shakes are being formulated with more protein, less sugar and other functional ingredients added such as dietary fibers and better-for-you fats (i.e. medium-chain triglycerides).
There's also the incorporation of plant-based proteins, but developmentally they still offer some challenges (such as overcoming flavor and texture objections). Companies have overhauled and redeveloped flagship products to include more protein, less sugar, added fiber and much more.
Furthermore, bar companies are now offering uniquely-developed protein bars that are crispy and wafer-like, offering the end-user a 'Kit-Kat-like' eating experience.
AMCO Proteins said it helps fuel this development by ensuring and testing that specific functionalities are met.
"For example, in order to attain the wafer-like texture of these bars we need proteins have excellent fat binding properties, which we can manipulate during processing," the company said.
There's also been a sharp rise in products that feature milk protein concentrate (MPC) and isolates (MPI).
MPC/MPI is a concentrated (at least 80% protein) or an isolated (at least 90% protein) form of milk protein via ultrafiltration. During this process, excess fluid, fats and carbs are either evaporated and/or filtered out, leaving unadulterated milk protein. The benefit of this process is that the MPC/MPI created in either liquid or via spray drying retains the same ratio of casein to whey as one would find in traditional fluid milk: 80% casein and 20% whey.
When looking at other trends in the sports nutrition space, AMCO Proteins said it sees sweet and savory innovations like brownies, cookies, cakes, crisps and even flatbread chips. Some big brands have invested in expanding their product offering to include not only flagship protein bars, but also cookies, chips and cake bites.
Other companies have launched lines of baked goods fortified with dairy proteins offering items like cookies.
AMCO Proteins has been helping serve the food industry with these trends by launching two functional ingredients: BakePLUS and SnackPLUS. BakePLUS is designed to replace a portion of wheat flour in baking formulations, and SnackPLUS is a protein designed to be applied topically to snacks, with the potential to add 6g or more protein per serving.
A really new innovation is offering foods in bite-sized options.
Popular protein bar brands have launched an entire line dedicated to "protein bites." These bites are fortified with milk protein concentrate, which lends itself to shelf-stable protein bites. This unique innovation may seem trivial, but its stroke of genius lies in that it allows the user to control how much they eat and when, AMCO Proteins said.
The consumer is not forced to eat a whole package, such as a bar or bag of chips, but rather, can have what they want when they want. It may be a simple innovation, but it's causing waves in the industry. AMCO Proteins offers products such as CMP-GP, a milk protein concentrate, which has been featured in novel high protein cake bites and frozen low-fat ice cream products.
When analyzing the sports nutrition market there is a disproportional amount of products based on whey protein, mainly due to the well-documented ability to aid in muscle synthesis and repair post heavy-load work (and also due to its relative ease in product formulation).
There are also supplements built on casein that are designed as "overnight protein delivery systems," but they're hard to find and are typically manipulated caseins such as calcium or sodium caseinate, AMCO Proteins said.
Developers that choose to formulate with MPC and MPI are giving their end-users not only the benefit of the whey protein component, but also the staying power and long-term delivery of amino acids from the casein (as opposed to caseinates, heavily used as "casein supplements").
MPC & MPI are literally a dream protein for sports nutrition products that are biologically complete and easy to work into formulations – and AMCO Proteins said it expects to see a rise in use in 2019 and beyond.


text:
ABOUT SEND2PRESS®
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You are here: Home › Dawn Westerberg Consulting LLC to Provide Strategic Marketing and PR Services to e2b teknologies
Dawn Westerberg Consulting LLC to Provide Strategic Marketing and PR Services to e2b teknologies
By Send2Press Newswire on January 25, 2011 in Advertising, Advertising and Marketing, AUSTIN, Texas, Business, Press Releases, Texas
AUSTIN, Texas, Jan. 25 (SEND2PRESS NEWSWIRE) — Dawn Westerberg Consulting (www.dawnwesterberg.com), an integrated marketing and public relations services firm based in Austin, Texas, announced today it has been retained by e2b teknologies (www.e2btek.com), a business software and consulting services company based in Chardon, Ohio.
Dawn Westerberg Consulting was founded in 2010 by Dawn Westerberg following a successful career in marketing and sales at Sage, the 3rd largest seller of business software in the world. Westerberg, who is an Authorized Duct Tape Marketing Consultant, says of her company's newest customer win: "I look forward to discovering a variety of marketing and communication strategies to help build upon e2b teknologies's position as a leading provider of business software and consulting services."
Westerberg specializes in helping businesses with strategic marketing, online marketing, brand awareness and public relations. "Dawn will be instrumental in helping us develop meaningful content to enhance the experience of visitors to our website," says James Mallory, Marketing Director of e2b teknologies. "We've begun an aggressive press release schedule with Dawn's help and in addition to the coverage we've received, we've already more than doubled the number of links into our website."
e2b teknologies is among a select group of software resellers in North America specializing in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and other software solutions. In her 15 years at Sage, Westerberg worked as a Marketing and Sales Vice President for a variety software product lines sold through a reseller channel. "e2b technologies is one of those companies with an abundance of compelling product news and customer stories," says Westerberg. "Designing and executing an effective strategic marketing, public relations and online content plan will be a delight for such a talented software firm."
About e2b teknologies:
e2b teknologies provides enterprise resources planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), and other solutions for distribution, manufacturing, and service companies. Anytime Collect credit and collections management (CCM) and e2b 500 are delivered through its e2b software division. e2b calibration is an ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration laboratory.
About Dawn Westerberg Consulting LLC:
Dawn Westerberg (http://dawnwesterberg.com) is the president of Dawn Westerberg Consulting LLC. An Authorized Duct Tape Marketing Consultant, she invites business owners to "Fall in Love with Your Business Again" through sound marketing strategy, creative collaboration and inspired performance.
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https://send2pressnewswire.com/author/dawn-westerberg-consulting-llc/feed .
News Source: Dawn Westerberg Consulting LLC :: This press release was issued on behalf of the news source by Send2Press® Newswire, a service of Neotrope®. View all current news at: http://Send2PressNewswire.com .
Plain text copy of press release: send2pressnewswire.com/mediadrome/2011-01-0125-002.txt .
PDF copy of release: send2pressnewswire.com/mediadrome/news_2011-01-0125-002.pdf .
Austin, Dawn Westerberg Consulting LLC, Duct Tape Marketing Consultant, e2b teknologies
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