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US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton signed a "surrender warrant" after all judicial challenges were resolved.
French officials later confirmed he was on board an Air France flight to Paris.
A court in France convicted Noriega in his absence in 1999 for laundering money through French banks, though it says he will be granted a new trial.
The 76-year-old had wanted to be sent back to Panama after finishing his 17-year jail sentence in 2007.
But in February the US Supreme Court rejected his final appeal against extradition to France.
http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/shared/img/o.gif WHO IS MANUEL NORIEGA?
Panama's government said it respected the "sovereign decision" the state department took to extradite Noriega.
But it insisted it would seek his return to serve outstanding prison sentences there.
Noriega was escorted onto an Air France passenger jet at Miami International Airport on Monday afternoon, shortly after Mrs Clinton signed the extradition order, US officials said.
French prison officials took custody of him once he was on board, sources in Paris told the AFP news agency.
A judge would then decide whether to place him under temporary detention until his case was referred to a criminal court, he added.
Mr Didier said France had been notified of the extradition two weeks ago.
But Noriega's lawyer in Miami, Frank Rubino, told the BBC he had not been notified and had only learned of his client's transfer from the media.
"Usually the government has - does things in a more professional manner and respects common courtesy and we're shocked that they didn't," he said.
"I'm surprised that they didn't put a black hood over his head and drag him out in the middle of the night," he added.
Noriega was Panama's military intelligence chief for several years before becoming commander of the powerful National Guard in 1982 and then de facto ruler of the country.
He had been recruited by the CIA in the late 1960s and was supported by the US until 1987.
But in 1988 his indictment in the US on charges of drug trafficking left frayed relations.
After a disputed parliamentary election the following year, Noriega declared a "state of war".
By mid-December, the situation had worsened so much that President George H W Bush launched an invasion - ostensibly because a US marine had been killed in Panama City, although the operation had long been planned.
Noriega initially took refuge in the Vatican embassy, where US troops bombarded him for days with deafening pop and heavy metal music.
He eventually surrendered on 3 January 1990 and was taken to Miami for trial.
In 1992, he was convicted of drug trafficking, money laundering and racketeering.
He was handed down a 40-year prison sentence, later reduced to 30 years, and then 17 years for good behaviour.
Noriega was convicted in absentia in France in 1999 for allegedly using $3m (�1.9m) in proceeds from the drug trade to buy luxury apartments in Paris, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
Shortly before the completion of his US jail sentence, the French government sought Noriega's extradition.
When his lawyers attempted to fight the request, he was forced to remain in US custody in Miami.
His legal team argued that he should not have been extradited to a third country such as Franc.
They said that as a prisoner of war of the US, the Geneva Conventions required Noriega to be returned to Panama.
But the US Supreme Court upheld a federal appeals court ruling that the US government could send him to France without violating his rights as a prisoner of war.
One need understand Noriega's chequered history as it concerns Operation Watch Tower (http://www.wethepeople.la/cutolo.htm).
My guess is that he will never be allowed to be free again, hence his transportation to the French.
Who, incidentally, were the king drug runners in Southeast Asia before America arrived with Edward Lansdale to take over their Operation X (http://www.drugtext.org/library/books/McCoy/book/27.htm).
Noriega was recruited as a CIA informant while studying at a military academy in Peru. He received intelligence and counterintelligence training at the School of the Americas at Fort Gulick, Panama (http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/panama), in 1967, as well as a course in psychological operations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. He was to remain on the CIA payroll until February 1988.
By the late 1980s, the US turned against Noriega. The 1988 Senate subcommittee on terrorism, narcotics and international operations concluded that "the saga of Panama's General Manuel Antonio Noriega represents one of the most serious foreign policy failures for the United States (http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/usa). Throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, Noriega was able to manipulate US policy towards his country, while skilfully accumulating near-absolute power in Panama.
"It is clear that each US government agency which had a relationship with Noriega turned a blind eye to his corruption and drug dealing, even as he was emerging as a key player on behalf of the Medell�n Cartel [a member of which was the notorious Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar]."
Following a series of incidents that culminated in the death of an American soldier, President George Bush decided it was time for regime change. In December 1989, Bush sent in US troops to overthrow Noriega, offering a $1m reward for information leading to his capture (http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/1989/dec/21/usa.martinwalker).
Operation Just Cause ended in Noriega's capture when he surrendered to US troops after taking refuge in the Apostolic Nunciature in Panama. In one of the more bizarre episodes of the invasion, US forces played loud rock music � including I Fought the Law, by the Clash � to put pressure on Noriega to give himself up. Losses on the US side were 24 troops, plus three civilian casualties. The number of Panamanian civilian deaths was put at about 200, although there are claims that the number is much higher.
Noriega was convicted in Miami in 1992 on multiple charges, including drug trafficking, and sentenced to 40 years. That was reduced for good behaviour and he completed his sentence in 2007. Since then inmate 38699-079, as he was numbered in prison, has dedicated himself to fighting extradition to France (http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/apr/27/manuel-noriega-extradited-us-france), where he has been accused of laundering up to $3m (�2m) of drug money through property purchases in Paris.
Uncle Sam has an uncanny ability to choose type A crooked, murdering bastards as their bosom friends only to later make them their deadly enemies. I can only suppose that deals and understandings made in deep secret - because of their complete contravention of international law - were later reneged upon thus necessitating a Herculean cleaning of the Augean stables.
Profits derived from the narcotics trade makes for itchy fingers I imagine.
And just like the Mafia Boss of all Bosses - the Capo di tutti capi - if an under-boss skims from the top a ruthless example must be made of them in order to show other under-bosses what they can expect if they also ever consider straying from the agreed path.
PARIS � Relishing the chance to defend himself in court, former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega declared Tuesday that French money laundering charges against him are trumped up and part of the same "conspiracy" that kept him in U.S. custody for 20 years.
An animated Noriega spoke for an hour as he described how he came to power in 1983, and his long, friendly relationship with the U.S. government � including the CIA.
Then he gave his take on why the relationship soured.
Noriega was deposed after a 1989 U.S. invasion and went on to spend two decades behind bars in Florida for drug trafficking. In April, he was extradited to France to face charges that he laundered profits from cocaine trafficking through French banks in the 1980s.
Those charges, he said Tuesday, were nothing more than "an imaginary financial setup."
"I am a victim of the same conspiracy that the United States brought against me," he said.
He faces up to 10 years in prison in France if convicted.
Noriega has maintained that he fought against drug trafficking and that the money in French banks came from other sources, including payments from the CIA. He had been considered a valued CIA asset for years before he joined forces with drug traffickers and was implicated in the death of a political opponent.
Given the stand Tuesday, he gave a long speech, starting with his own biography and including geopolitical comment and talk of Panama's colonial history and the Panama Canal. He described missions in which he interceded as mediator in conflicts with Cuba, Nicaragua and Iran.
After rising through the ranks to the head of Panamanian Armed Forces, Noriega said, "I set about fighting against drug trafficking with much zeal and was warmly praised by the United States, from Interpol."
Noriega said the United States turned against him when he refused to participate in a U.S. plan aimed at ousting the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. The leftist Sandinistas fought U.S.-backed Contra rebels in the 1980s.
His vigorous testimony contrasted with his feeble appearance at the start of the trial Monday, his shoulders trembling uncontrollably as he addressed the three-judge panel.
On Tuesday, Noriega spoke in a booming voice and gesticulated broadly. He wore a black suit with checkered tie. He is not permitted to wear his military uniform in France since he is not being treated as a prisoner of war here � an issue hotly contested by his lawyers.
Panama is seeking Noriega's extradition, bringing hope to his countrymen who want to see the former military strongman face justice at home for alleged torture and killings of opponents.
France already convicted Noriega and his wife in absentia in 1999 for laundering several million dollars in cocaine profits through three major French banks and using drug cash to invest in three luxurious Paris apartments on the Left Bank.
France agreed to give him a new trial if he was extradited. Noriega's wife, Felicidad Sieiro de Noriega, is living in Panama and faces no charges there.


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text:
Web Series: Death Note
The horror genre is really looking up to the streaming screens. Every month or so, there's a deluge of new and old horror films and series. Now, one of the most iconic horror series, Death Note, comes to Netflix.
Death Note started out as a anime series and then spun itself off into a Manga series, a light novel, a television adaptation, several video games and three live-action films. Now, the American production of the film hits Netflix as an Original. The American series has a screenplay by Charles and Vlas Parlapanides, with Jeremy Slater. The direction is by Adam Wingard. Death Note stars Nat Wolff, Margareth Qualley and Lakeith Stanfiel as the main leads. Willem Dafoe plays Ryuk.
Death Note is about Light, a young boy who comes upon a book that's quite frankly the book of death. Write a name on it, along with gory details about how a person does – and that person dies. Light is a boy with a troubled childhood. His mother died mysteriously, and he is standing up to bullies in school – even if that means getting beaten up. When he gets the book – and a girlfriend, Mia – he is just grasping the true power of it. That is when things start going wrong. The film follows the old principle of great power coming with great responsibilities, how power requires a mature mind with the right conscience, etc.
What's Wow: Director Adam Wingard does a good job of getting the horror aspect downpat. The deaths in the film are almost off-camera, but offer a 'cannot unsee' glimpse of the true goriness that the human mind can decipher. Unfortunately, that is the only salvaging point of this Death Note.
What's Blah: Without going to the anime, Netflix's Death Note is largely a campy, teen angst film with horror aspects. The characters are run-of-the-mill. It's troubling that what is a seminal horror franchise looks like some middle-budget horror film from the 80s.
The script, again, is patently Hollywood. A troubled kid gets a supernatural power and a girlfriend and now he's hunted by the authorities as the bodies start piling up.
Anime followers might not like the avatar of Ryuk in the American version of Death Note. Again, Ryuk is a typical, run-of-the-mill evil character. He actually has no attributing points other than say a Chucky or a Freddy Krueger.
Parting Shot: Death Note is a good horror/action film as a standalone. However, it doesn't do justice to its awesome franchise.
Cast: Nat Wolff, Lakeith Stanfield, Margaret Qualley, Shea Whigham, Paul Nakauchi, Jason Liles, Willem Dafoe
Directed By: Adam Wingard
Produced By: Roy Lee, Dan Lin, Masi Oka, Jason Hoffs, Ted Sarandos
The film is now available on Netflix
Have a point of view? We are all ears! Leave your comments below
TAGS Netflix Ted Sarandos Death Note Nat Wolff Lakeith Stanfield Margaret Qualley Shea Whigham Paul Nakauchi Jason Liles Willem Dafoe Adam Wingard Roy Lee Dan Lin Masi Oka Jason Hoffs
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _

from keops import models

class Rule(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=256, unique=True)
    model = models.CharField(max_length=128, null=False, db_index=True)
    active = models.BooleanField(verbose_name=_('Active'), db_index=True)
    domain = models.TextField(verbose_name=_('Domain'), null=False)
    group = models.ForeignKey('auth.group', verbose_name=_('Group'))

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

def get_user():
    from keops.middleware import local_data
    return local_data.request.user

class LogModel(models.Model):
    created_by = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, default=get_user, related_name='+')
    created_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    modified_by = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, related_name='+')
    modified_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(LogModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home Podcast
Podcast: Opportunities in the videoconferencing category
OPI Talk speaks with Stefan Eriksson, Chief Marketing Officer at videoconferencing equipment and solutions provider Konftel.
Andy Braithwaite
When you look at what products and services businesses will need to function efficiently in a hybrid working environment, then a fit-for-purpose audio and video communications system surely makes the list.
Demand in the videoconferencing market has surged in the past couple of years and looks set for a period of sustained growth. For resellers that describe themselves as 'solutions providers' and want to go beyond the transactional selling of headsets and webcams, videoconferencing could be an interesting area to look at, particularly as it ties in with adjacencies such as furniture, ergonomics, acoustics, viscom and collaboration tools.
Sweden-based Konftel has specialised in B2B audio solutions for more than three decades, but is something of a 'new kid on the block' in videoconferencing. In this episode of OPI Talk, Andy Braithwaite speaks with Stefan Eriksson, Konftel's Chief Marketing Officer, to find out more about the potential in this growing category.
Click on the play button below to listen.
Podcast: Kim Leazer & Beth Freeman, FSI Office
Podcast: NAOPA 2022 winner Charlie Kennedy
Podcast: OPI's 2022 round-up and 2023 predictions


text:
Close Read: Geithner Fennel, Chavista Baseball
By Amy Davidson Sorkin
It is good of Michelle Obama to organize a White House kitchen garden—and to put small children to work planting it—even if, in recalling the Roosevelt's Victory Garden, it carries the faint echo of a time of rationing and stocking turned over to be made into parachutes, which is not, at the moment, reassuring. (Of course, as Michelle told the View, she doesn't believe in wearing stockings.) The diagram of the Garden in the Times offers some opportunities for vegetable Kremlinology. Is rhubarb out of favor? Why on earth is so much space given over to fennel, which, being a particular and not easily explainable taste, may end up being the Timothy Geithner of the kitchen cabinet?
Hugo Chávez of Venezuela has been called Fidel's Heir —the one who will carry on as America's radical regional counterweight and cat-caller, even as Raúl, Fidel's brother, consolidates his own position in Cuba. Now there's another front to consider: the Cuban baseball team, which had made it to the final game in fifty straight international tournaments, fell to Japan in the second round of the World Baseball Classic. But Venezuela (and the Americans) made it to the semis, so the struggle continues. Maybe now Chávez will forgive the Mets. The Cuban team has suffered since more players figured out how to defect. Those who haven't, and were kept out of the majors by sanctions, get written about in the if-only-you'd-seen-him style used for Negro League greats—the tributes to Omar Linares have the elegiac air of those for Josh Gibson.
And things may be looking up in Zimbabwe—at least relatively. You have to worry, though, about a country whose opposition leader's key promise is that he will "pay the civil service in foreign currency." Its Victory Garden has yet to be planted.
Amy Davidson Sorkin has been a staff writer at The New Yorker since 2014. She has been at the magazine since 1995, and, as a senior editor for many years, focussed on national security, international reporting, and features.
More:GardeningHugo ChávezMichelle ObamaNew York MetsTimothy GeithnerVenezuela
Sign up and get Amy Davidson Sorkin's analysis of world news, American politics, and more, all delivered to your in-box.


text:
Düna ist ein Dorf im südwestlichen Harzvorland und Ortsteil der Stadt Osterode am Harz im Landkreis Göttingen in Südniedersachsen, Deutschland. Im Jahr 2012 hatte Düna 126 Einwohner.

Geschichte

Seit dem vierten Jahrhundert nach Christus ist der Bereich des heutigen Düna besiedelt. Südlich der Domäne begann die Besiedlung bereits im ersten Jahrhundert vor Christus. Für diese Zeit wurde die Verhüttung Iberger und Lerbacher Eisenerze nachgewiesen. Seit ca. 300 nach Christus wurde aus Oberharzer Erzen Silber und aus Rammelsberger Erzen Kupfer gewonnen. Dies ergab eine 1981 einsetzende Ausgrabung des Instituts für Denkmalpflege mit der Entdeckung des Herrensitzes Düna. Es wurden aus dem Mittelalter stammende Öfen zur Verhüttung von Eisenerz nachgewiesen.

Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung von Düna erfolgte 1286 als Dunede. Die Siedlung wird in einer Schenkungsurkunde einiger Ministerialen genannt, die dem Jacobikloster in Osterode einige Hufen Land und die Vogteirechte über eine Kapelle in Düna vermachten. Wo sich diese Kapelle befand, ist heute nicht mehr bekannt. Später wird Düna urkundlich 1329, 1336 und 1372 erwähnt, wobei es 1372 als Vorwerk Dunde bezeichnet wurde. Düna lag an einem mittelalterlichen Fernhandelsweg nach Süden zu einem damals bedeutenden Verkehrskreuz, an dem auch die Pfalz Pöhlde und die Wallburg Pöhlde lagen. Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts fiel die Siedlung wüst und wurde in der ersten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts erneut besiedelt, als eine Domäne für die landesherrlichen Besitzungen entstand. In dieser Zeit wurde unterhalb der Domäne eine Ziegelei, die bis 1914 produzierte. Im 17. Jahrhundert lebten auf der Domäne und in der Ziegelhütte 17 Menschen, 1852 waren es 28 Bewohner. Anfang der 1930er Jahre erwarb die Hannoversche Siedlungsgesellschaft das Gut und teilte es 1935 in 22 Bauernstellen. Der Architekt Franz Josef Jirka entwarf eine neue Siedlung unter der Bezeichnung "Harzer Neubauernsiedlung" Düna.

1972 wurde Düna, das bis dahin als Wohnplatz zur Gemeinde Hörden gehörte, in die Stadt Osterode am Harz eingemeindet.

Natur
In der Nähe von Düna liegt das Naturschutzgebiet Gipskarstlandschaft Hainholz, in dem räumlich nah beieinander liegend eine Vielzahl von Gipskarsterscheinungen zu sehen sind.

Politik
Aufgrund seiner geringen Einwohnerzahl ist Düna eine Ortschaft mit Ortsvorsteher oder -vorsteherin und bildet daher keinen eigenen Ortsrat. Seit 2020 ist Johanna Wehmeyer die Ortsvorsteherin von Düna. 2021 wurde sie wiederernannt.

Weblinks

 Die Geschichte Dünas begann in der Steinzeit bei karstwanderweg.de

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Landkreis Göttingen
Geographie (Osterode am Harz)
Ersterwähnung 1286

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text: Q: How to update my App Inventor/ Thunkable app with Android Studio? I am trying to rewrite my app from App Inventor in Android Studio, I copied the package name and keystore to Android Studio and downloaded my app update, but it won't install. it just says app not installed. Is there anything else I should have done to make the update compatible?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


US President Donald Trump has asked his trade advisers to look at rejoining the Trans Pacific Partnership, a multinational trade pact he withdrew the United States from last year, White House spokeswoman Lindsay Walters said.
Republican senators met with Trump on April 12 and he told them that he has asked United States Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and White House economic advisor Larry Kudlow to re-open negotiations.
"The president has consistently said he would be open to a substantially better deal, including in his speech in Davos earlier this year," Walters said.
The TPP had aimed to cut trade barriers in some of the fastest-growing economies of the Asia-Pacific region.
During the 2016 presidential campaign, Trump called TPP a "disaster". He pulled the United States out of the Pacific trade deal in January last year, one of his first moves as president.
Earlier this year, the remaining 11 TPP nations announced they struck an alternative agreement - the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) deal - without the United States.
Although the United States has withdrawn from the TPP, Trump has signaled his interest in reconsidering the trade deal.
In January this year at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, Trump told CNBC during an interview that "I would do TPP if we were able to make a substantially better deal."
Trump in February also suggested he was open to the trade pact during a news conference with Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull.
"It is good news that today the president directed Larry Kudlow and Ambassador Lighthizer to negotiate US entry into TPP," Senator Ben Sasse, a pro-trade Republican, said in a statement after the meeting between Trump and the senators.
Japanese Finance Minister Taro Aso on April 13 said he would welcome a move by the United States to explore rejoining the Trans Pacific Partnership, following news that President Donald Trump wanted to take a fresh look at the trade pact.
"If it's true, I would welcome it," he told reporters after a cabinet meeting. Aso added that he expected Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Trump to discuss TPP at their summit meeting next week.


This classic pie is well worth the time it takes to cook.
1. Prepare the crust: Preheat oven to 375 degrees. Roll out pate brisee into a 12-inch round, about 1/8 inch thick, on a lightly floured surface. Fit dough into a 9-inch pie plate. Trim edge to 1 inch, fold under, and pinch to seal. Crimp as desired. Prick bottom all over with a fork. Freeze until firm, about 15 minutes. Line with parchment, and fill with pie weights or dried beans. Bake until edge is golden and set, about 25 minutes. Remove weights and parchment. Bake until bottom is golden and dry, about 10 minutes. Let cool.
2. Make the filling: Combine granulated sugar, cornstarch, and salt in a medium saucepan. Whisk in coconut milk and whole milk. Cook over medium-high heat, stirring constantly, until bubbling and thick, about 7 minutes. Whisk egg yolks in a medium bowl. Add milk mixture to yolks in a slow, steady stream, whisking until completely incorporated. Return to saucepan; bring to a boil over medium heat, stirring constantly, 1 to 2 minutes.
3. Strain custard through a fine sieve into a bowl, and stir in vanilla and shredded coconut. Pour into piecrust, and smooth top. Wrap tightly in plastic, and refrigerate until filling is completely set, about 4 hours, and up to 2 days.
4. Make the topping: Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Spread large-flake coconut evenly on a rimmed baking sheet. Bake until golden, 10 to 12 minutes, tossing occasionally. Let cool. Beat together cream and confectioners' sugar with a mixer until soft peaks form. Top pie with cream, and sprinkle with toasted coconut. Serve immediately.
I made this pie on the weekend and unfortunately.. it turned out soupy! Any insight into why? Flavour was lovely and Id like to try it again. Thanks!
I had the same problem. Can't figure out why.
I made this pie yesterday and everyone wanted seconds!!! I followed the recipe ingredients exactly. Some time ago, I saw Martha make a Lemon Meringue Pie by placing all the cookable ingredients into a cold saucepan and slowly bring the liquid mixture to a thickened state, whisking constantly, so I do not use more than the saucepan. It is foolproof and I have been using this method for all my lemon and custard pies! No need to dirty a bowl to temper eggs! Thank you Martha for sharing!


The Wilkes unit regulates hunting opportunities for deer in North Carolina and covers 757 square miles. Public lands comprise 13 square miles (2%) of the total land covered by this game management unit. The greater region is best serviced by Deep Gap, North Wilkesboro, and Wilkesboro. The elevation of the region ranges from a low of 900 feet to a high of 4,600 feet above sea level.


text:
Is the private sector retreating in China? Not among its largest companies
Tianlei Huang (PIIE) and Nicolas Véron (PIIE)
Photo Credit: REUTERS/Jason Lee
Note: Excellent research assistance by David Xu is gratefully acknowledged.
China's wave of regulatory restrictions on private-sector businesses in 2021 has been widely interpreted as reflecting a decisive turn, driven by President Xi Jinping for several years, toward a new economic regime with a greater role played by state-owned enterprises (SOEs). But is China's private sector truly being crushed? Evidence presented in a new PIIE Working Paper tells a different story—that among China's largest companies, the private sector is expanding rapidly and at a faster rate than SOEs.
The new PIIE paper has collected and analyzed data on the changing shares of the state sector and the private sector among China's largest companies for more than a decade. The data show that China's private sector has grown not only in absolute terms but also as a proportion of the country's largest companies, measured by revenue or (for listed ones) by market value, from a very low level when President Xi was confirmed as the next top leader in 2010 to a significant share today. SOEs still dominate by revenue among the largest companies, but their preeminence is eroding. To be sure, the Communist Party has attempted to develop its presence in the corporate world, including in the private sector, through various means. But equity ownership structures matter. China's private-sector companies are focused on profit maximization and value creation in ways SOEs are not.
The Chinese idiom "state advances, private sector retreats (国进民退)," which has been widely used to describe China's economic trends does not, therefore, represent the main picture of what has been going on under President Xi in China's business world so far, even in the most recent years.
Rapid rise of private sector among China's largest companies
Unlike in most countries, shares of many of China's largest companies are not listed on a stock exchange. That is the case for the state sector as well as the private sector, even though many unlisted SOEs have much of their activity conducted in their majority-owned listed subsidiaries. Thus, the paper examines both listed and unlisted companies, using two partly overlapping rankings of China's largest companies.
The first sample is ranked by revenue, a proxy for a company's activity. The data derive from the research conducted by the business magazine Fortune for its yearly Fortune Global 500 ranking, from which the paper extracts the companies from mainland China. This group has grown fast, from 15 companies in the 2005 ranking (based on 2004 revenue) to 130 in the 2021 ranking (based on 2020 revenue). Their aggregate revenue grew from $2.8 trillion in 2010 to $8.8 trillion in 2020, a similar rate as the expansion of China's nominal GDP, which reached nearly $15 trillion in 2020.[1] Their aggregate headcount was 21 million in 2020, slightly under a twentieth of China's total urban employment, a ratio that has been fairly stable over the past decade.
The paper's second sample is limited to mainland Chinese companies whose shares are listed on a stock exchange, typically in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, and/or New York, including companies like Alibaba and Tencent that have adopted variable-interest-entity arrangements to circumvent China's onerous regulations on foreign ownership in certain sectors such as internet services. The paper constructs yearly top 100 rankings of Chinese listed companies from 2010 through 2021, based on year-end market capitalization. Their aggregate headcount and revenue levels are significantly lower than those of the first sample, as would be expected since they do not include some gigantic yet unprofitable unlisted SOEs, and conversely they include some high-growth young companies that hold much promise but are still relatively small. Together, these largest 100 listed companies represent about two-fifths of the entire market capitalization of all Chinese listed companies.
The ownership of these largest Chinese companies involves a range of investor categories. These include, among others, the Chinese state at the central and local (e.g., provincial or municipal) levels, directly through government ministries or departments (such as the Ministry of Finance of the central government) or indirectly through specialized agencies (such as the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission or SASAC at the central and local levels), state investment entities (such as Central Huijin Company, China Securities Finance Corporation, and the National Integrated Circuit Industry Fund), or SOEs that mix commercial and investment activities (such as China National Tobacco Corporation); founders and/or their relatives, management, and corporate pension funds of private-sector companies; private-sector companies like Alibaba and Tencent acting as venture capitalists; and foreign investors, e.g., diversified entities like Japan's Softbank or Thailand's Charoen Pokphand, and global asset managers like BlackRock or Canadian pension funds.
The paper includes case studies to illustrate the diversity and complexity of ownership patterns of some prominent Chinese companies such as Ping An of China and ZTE. It also has two appendices that detail the latest rankings (respectively, of Chinese companies in the 2021 Fortune Global 500 ranking and of Top 100 listed Chinese companies as of end-2021) with indication of each company's most significant shareholders.
For the purposes of this study, the private sector is defined as those companies, labeled "nonpublic enterprises" in line with Chinese practice, in which state entities hold less than 10 percent of equity capital. Within the state sector, a distinction is drawn between SOEs, in which the state owns a majority stake, on the one hand, and "mixed-ownership enterprises," in which the state holds only a minority position, i.e., between 10 and 50 percent, on the other hand. The methodologies, as well as numerous additional findings, are presented in detail in the paper.
These definitions refer to equity ownership, leaving open other, less easily quantifiable notions. The Chinese Communist Party is clearly striving to develop its influence in China's private sector, even though that influence remains considerably less direct than among SOEs. It would be an exaggeration, however, to say that China is unique in this respect. Government influence occurs with the private sector in Europe, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and other advanced economies—even occasionally in the United States. Such influence is surely greater in China, but that does not erase the importance of the divide between the state sector and the private sector. Ownership matters greatly for economic development outcomes, even under pervasive Party control of political matters. The advance of the private sector, which the paper documents, is thus of structural significance for China.
With these definitions in mind, figures 1 and 2 illustrate the rise of the private sector among China's largest companies, measured, respectively, by revenue (all companies) and market value (listed companies). As is clear in figure 1, SOEs still dominate by revenue among the largest companies, much more so than in the Chinese economy as a whole. But the share of the private sector has been steadily rising, from zero in the mid-2000s to 19 percent of the total ($1.7 trillion out of $8.8 trillion) in Fortune's 2021 ranking, which is based on 2020 revenue.
As for market value of the largest listed firms (figure 2), the private sector represented merely 8 percent in 2010 but soared above the 50 percent threshold in 2020, and retreated only slightly in 2021, to 48 percent. Thus, the state crackdown in 2021 on certain private-sector-dominated industries, such as internet platforms and after-school tutoring, has had some impact but stopped well short of reversing the prior advance of the private sector using the market value indicator.
Figure 3 shows similar rising trends for other metrics, based on the same respective samples of companies.
Not privatization, but displacement of SOEs by better-performing private firms
The advance of the private sector among China's largest companies does not appear to result from long-term planning or top-down decisions, but rather from bottom-up dynamics. Deng Xiaoping, the Chinese leader who was the main architect of China's embrace of markets starting in 1978, had predicted in 1980 that "whatever the proportion of the private investment will be, this will cover only a small percentage of the Chinese economy. It will by no means affect the socialist public ownership of the means of production." In the 1990s, facing the need to restructure the loss-making state sector, China under Premier Zhu Rongji made a deliberate choice to keep the largest concerns under state control, even as many smaller SOEs were liquidated or privatized. That policy became widely known by the four-character idiom "grasp the large, let go of the small (抓大放小)," preserving "public ownership as the mainstay (公有制为主体)" of China's economic model. In line with these choices, the first large Chinese companies to enter global corporate rankings, whether by revenue or by market value, were all from the state sector until the late 2000s.
Privatization has been virtually nonexistent among China's largest companies. Nor has the state gone out of its way to confer a comparative advantage on the private sector. On the contrary, President Xi declared in 2016 that SOEs must become "stronger, better and bigger." What explains the observed trend, instead, is that private-sector companies have been more dynamic and profitable than those in the state sector. What PIIE scholar Nicholas R. Lardy has described as the "displacement of SOEs" by private-sector companies has occurred despite a policy environment that clearly does not favor them.
The emergence of private-sector champions reflects the spectacular growth of internet content and e-commerce platforms, but also other areas where the private sector is strong, including manufacturing (e.g., electronics, electric cars, batteries, steel, and chemicals), consumer products and services, pharmaceuticals, and life-science companies. Some of the largest Chinese property developers are also private, though the real estate sector is currently ailing with the shakiness of China's property market and the failure of Evergrande among other developers. By contrast, financial services, telecoms, energy, and transportation remain dominated by SOEs. But the growth of large companies in those state-dominated industries has been comparatively less rapid. In terms of market value, some have even declined in absolute terms, e.g., telecoms and energy.
Of course, the structural trend of private-sector advance, which has characterized the decade of China's development under President Xi so far, may not be a guide to what will happen next. But claims of a pivot back to state-sector dominance have been made multiple times before, with reference to policy shifts in 1989-1990, 2003, the mid-2000s, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2017, 2019, and early 2020. Meanwhile, China's private sector has kept advancing. There is no compelling indication that this time is different.
1. Whereas it makes sense to compare the respective growth rates, the companies' aggregate revenue is not a measure of their value added or collective contribution to GDP, and thus cannot be directly compared with GDP figures.
The private sector advances in China: The evolving ownership structures of the largest companies in the Xi Jinping era
PIIE Chart
State-run firms still dominate revenue among top firms in China, but the private sector is growing
Tianlei Huang
Nicolas Véron
China's private sector advance pauses, but the trend is unclear
China's top ranked corporations are not as opaque as they may seem


In October of 2016, nearly 170 community leaders from agencies and organizations within the Buhl region participated in a first-of-its-kind Community Forum held in Sharon, PA. The attendees of the Forum contributed the suggestion that the Buhl Regional Health Foundation (BRHF) should create and provide a service directory for our community.
Buhl Regional Health Foundation's "Health Resource Directory," in alignment with the Foundation's mission, is a tool and resource to promote connections, partnerships, and collaborations within our community's health network to identify and address the diverse health care needs of the greater Sharon regional area.
The primary service area for the BRHF includes Clark, Farrell, Greenville, Mercer, Hermitage, Sharon, Sharpsville, Transfer, West Middlesex, and Wheatland in Pennsylvania and Brookfield, Hubbard, and Masury in Ohio.
The secondary service area consists of parts of Eastern Ohio, Northern/Eastern Mercer County, and Northern Lawrence County. The contact information listed in this community directory was gathered through follow-up correspondence directed to attendees and interested parties following the Forum.


Cymbals are a type of malevolent musical instrument found in Band Land, the second world of the original Rayman game. Only one pair of cymbals is known to exist; it is located near the end of the first phase of Mr Sax's Hullaballoo. They can be used to travel above heights, by jumping on the lower cymbal and indicating the direction by placing Rayman on the left or right edges. However, he must return to the hollow centre of the instrument when it starts vibrating; otherwise he will get squashed.
Cymbals return in Rayman Designer as an enemy event which can only be used in Band Land.
Cymbals, as they appear in the original Rayman game.


We're on the verge of a new season, the weather is finally cooling down, and there's a ton of great real estate industry updates ready for you. So settle in, put your feet up, and relax, because it's time to read the Real Estate Resource Roundup!
Total volume fell 6.2 percent on a seasonally adjusted basis for the week ending September 4 versus the previous week, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA).
Real estate is aging well as senior housing transaction volume increases nearly fifty-nine percent in one year.
Despite positive improvements in the labor market in recent years, new home construction is currently insufficient in a majority of metro areas and is contributing to persistent housing shortages and unhealthy price growth in many markets, according to new research from the National Association of Realtors.
Housing still isn't contributing much to overall economic growth because new construction of single-family homes, which packs an outsized economic punch, is stuck near levels hit during the early 1990s recession.
Being able to negotiate and communicate effectively is key to real estate success. To negotiate requires more than willingness; it requires specific professional skills. Luckily, these skills can be learned.
Why Real Estate Could Be a Better Investment than Stocks – Ya Think!
The recent drastic dip in the stock market highlights the benefits of investing in real estate over the risky stock market, which historically experiences more turbulent progress.
Before you're ready to write your next listing or client email, take a peek at four applications that can help you brush up your literary skills!
Take advantage of the power of Twitter without altering your busy schedule with this how-to guide on creating content in ten short minutes.
In case you missed it here on Clean Slate, we revealed how to convince your sellers that staging is for their own benefit. And if you have a few minutes, please participate in our "Real Estate and Social Media" survey. We'd like to find out how you're using social media to build your business, and if you're not, we'd love to know why. As always, be sure to follow #BHGRE on Facebook and Twitter for more updates.


At a 10th anniversary press conference in Berlin, the Wikileaks editor downplayed the malware in its archive.
On Tuesday, Wikileaks celebrated its 10th anniversary with a press conference in Berlin. In addition to reflecting on the publisher's various releases over the years, Wikileaks editor Julian Assange hinted that more disclosures around the US election would come soon.
But recently, one researcher found that Wikileaks' site is hosting tens of thousands of malicious files within its archives, potentially infecting visitors who execute them. At the press conference, Assange downplayed the risk to users, talking via video-link from London.
"The [Hillary] Clinton campaign has been going around saying 'don't read Wikileaks, because there's malware,'" Assange said in response to a general question about malware on the site from Motherboard. Talking specifically about malicious files that were included within a recent dump of emails from Turkey, Assange emphasised that there wasn't an issue for users who just visited the site, and that people needed to download the files themselves.
"However this same risk exists for most '.exe' or '.doc' files downloaded elsewhere from the internet or received by email. As time goes by we flag documents to alert readers," a print-out given to journalists at the press conference reads.
Assange even thought that the presence of malware itself was noteworthy.
"There was malware sent to [the ruling Turkish party] AKP, either from criminals or from state attacks on the AKP. That's extremely interesting," he said.
Dr. Vesselin Bontchev, the Bulgarian researcher who has monitored malware on Wikileaks, told Motherboard that the site contains at least 33,000 malicious files. These are within the Turkish email dump, he said.
Once a visitor has downloaded one of the files, perhaps not knowing what it contains, "the user will be just a single click away from infecting their machine," Bontchev wrote in an email. Bontchev also disagreed with Wikileaks' assertion that the risk of opening malware from Wikileaks is just like downloading files from anywhere else on the internet.
"Most websites don't make tens of thousands of malicious files available for download. Unless, of course, we are talking about malware distribution sites, but I have a hard time thinking of even one of those that has so many malicious files available!" Bontchev wrote.
Bontchev said in, response to his work, Wikileaks has replaced around 300 malicious files with text. But even with that, it is still possible for users to download the malware, Bontchev added.
"Wikileaks readers ARE at risk, because the Wikileaks website makes it way too easy for them to download malware on their desktops and doesn't adequately warn them about its presence," he added.


The Beatles were undoubtedly one of the most influential bands ever, with clear similarities still noticeable in many hits of the nineties. Almost anyone who has picked up a guitar has probably learned to play something from the enormous repertoire of songs written by the legendary Lennon and McCartney combination.
This guitar workshop is a powerful learning tool that will help you extend your stockpile of licks and fills and develop your improvisational skills. The combination of musical notation and guitar tablature in this book together with backing tracks on the CD gives you the opportunity to learn eight of the Beatles' tracks note for note and then jam with a professional session band. The track listing reflects some of the Beatles' most popular recordings, providing something for guitarists to have fun with and improvise with, as well as something to aspire to.


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Lyster, Whiting Honoured by Alberta Seed Growers
1 year ago - Janet Kanters
Norm Lyster, centre, was presented the ASG's Honorary Life Award by ASG co-vice-president Renee DeWindt-Hoyme, and ASG president Ward Oatway.
The Alberta Seed Growers honoured two individuals at their recent annual general meeting in Banff, Alta.
Norm Lyster was presented the Honorary Life Award in recognition of his valuable service to the seed industry in Alberta.
Lyster attended his first CSGA AGM in Banff as a seven-year-old in 1961 and has been involved with the Canadian Seed Growers in an official capacity since 1976.
He earned a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture, majoring in agricultural economics, from the University of Alberta, where his thesis focused on market risk and the maturing risk reduction market for feed pea producers. He also obtained an MSc Ag. in 1999, majoring in marketing and trade, under a fellowship from the Winnipeg Commodity Exchange.
Lyster has worked as owner, operator and manager of Lyster Farms Ltd. Integrated Pedigreed seed production, processing and sales since the 1980s. He is a CSGA recognized Select and Foundation Grower, and accredited grader and operator with the Canadian Seed Institute.
Lyster's involvement in the Alberta and Canadian Seed Growers has been long-running and multi-faceted. He was elected a provincial director of the Alberta branch of the CSGA in 1999 and served as national representative from 2003-2014. He was then elected president of the CSGA and served from 2014 to 2016 in that capacity. He is currently the past president of the organization.
Trent Whiting, centre, was presented with the Bill Witbeck Outstanding Service Award by ASG co-vice-president Tracy Niemela and ASG president Ward Oatway.
This year, Trent Whiting was presented with the Bill Witbeck Outstanding Service Award, for his outstanding contributions to pedigreed seed production.
Whiting, Alberta/B.C. marketing representative with SeCan, has a degree in agriculture from the University of Alberta. For over 25 years, he has worked closely with seed growers in the seed industry. He started his seed career in Edmonton with UGG Forage and Special Crops in a production role. He remained with UGG/ Proven Seed until 2007, then a short time with BrettYoung before joining SeCan in the spring of 2008.
Whiting is a coach to his friends, his members at SeCan and his competitors in the industry – he has a drive to make all those around him better, and puts the needs of his members and their customers ahead of his own interests.
In his role at SeCan, Whiting helps his members and their customers choose the best products for their farms – this may not always be a SeCan product and this is noted and appreciated by all. Recently, Whiting has taken on the added responsibility of stock seed production at SeCan in the west.
Congratulations to Norm and Trent for their past and on-going contributions toward a strong seed industry in Alberta.


Beverages such as lassi, raitas, and chutney are a perfect accompaniment to an Indian meal. Find dozens of recipes from Coriander Chutney to Mango lassi that are perfect for any time of the day. The raita recipes make a perfect side dish to go along with rice dishes and curries.


Like the grassroots instigators of John the Baptist and Jesus, I wait in my digital desert contemplating the perfect lifestyle demanded by God so that when the time comes, I will be ready to carry it out with ardent zeal. Until then, my blog is my camel's hair cassock, my facebook account is my feast of locusts and my 140 character limit tweets are my wild honey. Through these tools and through my daily routine, I grow in my relationship with Christ by recognizing His presence often.
Editor's note: People tend to forget that Jesus personally reached only an infinitesimal portion of the earth's population during his short, earthly existence … never traveling very far, and never writing more than a few letters in the sand. Yet Jesus saved countless generations.
Today's Catholic bloggers have an opportunity to minister to people all around the globe, preaching the very same Gospel, announcing the very same good news, 24/7 and 365. Only God knows how all this will turn out, in the end … but isn't that what faith is all about?
Baltimore Catholic School to dedicate new Bill and Camille Cosby Community Center.
A historic Baltimore Catholic school will name its community center in honor of Bill and Camille Cosby, the biggest donors in the school's 184-year history and fierce champions of education, the school announced Friday.
St. Frances Academy, which serves 162 primarily low-income high school students, will host the comedian, his wife and their relatives in a ceremony at the St. Frances Community Center on April 20.
Isaac is 12 years old and has been receiving treatment for almost three years. However, his response to treatment has been very poor and the physicians at Texas Children's Hospital told them that Isaac had, at the most, three more months to live. Nahed was crying and begging God for mercy. She wrote a note to God telling Him that the only hope she had left for Isaac to be cured was a miracle from Heaven. She asked Father Ishak to place her note in the alter under the chalice.
"On Monday, November 11, 1991, Isaac became very sick. While lying in his parent's bed, about 2:30 p.m., mumbling some prayers and looking to a portrait of Jesus Christ hanging on the Eastern wall of the bedroom, he saw the eyes of Jesus in the picture moving and the figure of Jesus protruding out. He screamed, calling for his mother. Nahed came running and examined the picture. There was an oily liquid shedding like tears from the eyes of Jesus.
Editor's note: This is one of the best Jesus pictures I've ever seen. It looks real!
Anna Maria College announced that it had withdrawn an invitation to Victoria Reggie Kennedy, the widow of the late Senator Edward Kennedy, "with deep regret." The statement said that the school's administration continued to think that the invitation had been appropriate in light of Victoria Kennedy's work on issues such as gun control and children's safety.
Editor's note: The "administration" was obviously wrong. Way to go, Bishop McManus!
Fidel and Joseph: Aging revolutionaries take a moment to "kick back" and "talk shop".
Editor's note: Approximately 50 years ago, Fidel Castro led the bloody, Cuban revolution while Father Joseph Ratzinger did his part in the Catholic revolution, commonly known as Vatican II. Both have been intimately involved in "propping up" their respective works, ever since.
If Barack Obama was "punished" with a son, would he have left him alone in a room to die?
Seen on the web: Catholic – Orthodox – or other?
Years ago, some of my best friends left the Church to follow, what they believed to be, a more "biblical" path. Their incessant character assassinations of Catholicism led me to investigate their claims.
I'm not a scholar or theologian. This may seem simplistic to some, but in the end, it was the mere existence of Eastern Orthodoxy that provided, what to me at least, was the greatest worldly proof that Catholicism is the one, true Church instituted by Jesus Christ.
I began by temporarily removing the Catholic Church from the equation and looking only at the two schisms, one in 1054 and the other in 1520, and examined their fruits in the modern age. They are profoundly different.
On the one hand, you've got one multinational Church, united under one Patriarch, that has remained unified and consistent in its doctrine, liturgy and traditions for nearly a millennium.
On the other hand, the Protestant Reformers couldn't agree from day one. There were Radical Reformers (Calvinists and the like) and Magisterial Reformers (Lutherans and Anglicans). All of which have splintered into the 25,000+ denominations we have today.
All of these schismatics are Christians and none of them are Catholic, so why has one remained unified and consistent, while the others have fractured and splintered into so many varied parts as to be nearly unrecognizable as one religion? What is it that the Orthodox Church has that the Reformers do not?
I think the answer lies in the Apostolic priesthood. Because the Orthodox retained a valid, Apostolic priesthood and all seven Sacraments, as well as a devotion to Mary, they had the perpetual protection of the Holy Spirit to keep them from chaos, confusion and division. Without that divine protection, I don't think it would have been possible for them to last a century, let alone a millennium. A thousand years of consistency is just not possible for humanity alone. We are not even consistent in our interpretation of the US Constitution after two hundred years.
If I had any useful math skills, I'd try to calculate the odds. Two separate Churches agree on 99% of their doctrines then go their separate ways. After 50 generations apart, they come together in 1965 to discover that the only doctrinal difference they have is the very same 1% that they had a thousand years before. How does that happen, when Calvinists couldn't last one generation, and Pentecostals can't even do it on the same day in two churches a mile apart from each other?
In the end, I was left with, not 25,000 denominations to choose from, but two. Since Jesus clearly gave authority to Peter and not to Andrew, the choice was obvious. The current custodian of the keys to heaven is Pope Benedict XVI.


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53 essays for Subject "Environmental Studies Essay"
Ways in Which The Environment Appear to Shape Organizations
For example, consider a country like Pakistan or Afghanistan. Big organizations will think twice or thrice before investing in these countries because of the unstable political climate, and the resultant internal agitations and widespread prevalence of terrorism. Such countries are incapable of attracting foreign direct investment because of the negative environment they possess for the business build up.
Environmental Studies, Physics, Mathematics
Environmental Studies, Formal science & Physical science, Geography
Write a report assessing the feasibility of different techniques for providing fresh water to arid regions of the world
In water-scarce semi-arid and coastal- arid areas that are inland located where the only available source of water is either (brackish) ground water or saline. This technology of water harvesting has been used since the twentieth century as (Awerbuch, 2004; and Schiffler 2004) report about the global use of desalination capacity and its challenges. About fifty percent of worldwide desalination occurs in the Middle East, followed by North America and Europe. The future usage of desalination is
This natural process, however, is time consuming and ineffective when excessive quantities of harmful substances are added to water (SDWF). This is precisely the problem that we face today. The excessive industrial waste has significantly hampered the natural cleansing process, leaving previously fresh water, polluted and not useful for the purposes it was meant for. Human waste contributes significantly to the problem also. Every day, approximately 2 million tons of human waste are disposed in
WITH REFERENCE TO THE UN MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, CRITICALLY EVALUATE THE ASSERTION THAT HEALTH IS NOW TOP OF THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA FOR DEVELOPMENT
Under this goal, United Nations (2007, p. 23), explains that the first target was to reduce by halve the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day from what the population was in 1990. Reddy and Heuty (2005, p. 10) argues that poverty is a multi-dimensional phenomenon and defines it as lack of options to various dimensions of the quality of life. There are many people living in absolute poverty in some parts of Asia and Africa as observed by Reddy and Heuty (2005, p.Poverty
What is peak oil Is there any evidence that cities in the developing world are taking the issue seriously in their planning If there is little or no evidence, why is this the case
The problem of 'peak oil' is also related to the issue of global warming. When oil production peaks and starts declining, it will be necessary to use other substitutes besides renewable resources examined above, such as coal. This will be necessary to power electric and hybrid vehicles and as the material converted into diesel fuel. These processes producing carbon dioxide will increase air and water pollution, and adversely affect climate change. "Therefore, a potential effect of climate
Water laws in United States
CWA §316(b) requires that the different aspects that are associated with cooling water intake structures are required to meet certain standards that take into account the environmental impact that they have (Surface Water Standards & Guidance, 2012).The rights of the separate communities of America too have to be maintained while framing the laws regarding them. The maintenance of the peaceful fabric of the American society is to be given a great deal of importance while framing these laws.
Water Management in Yellow River
According to Eng and Ma (2006), major companies are calling off their business ventures due to water concerns as well as augmenting internal conflicts over the quality and allocation of water resources. These events have resulted in new political pressures on the regional and central governments to tighten their fight with the current water management problems.A 2005 Chinese Government report revealed that fifty thousand environmentally related protests occurred, most of which revolved around
What are the factors that influence individual and international response to disasters and what role does and should the media play
The effect of a disaster is gauged in reference to how humans are concerned (Rochon et al 2005, p. In circumstances where there is no significant, there is no disaster despite the actual happening of a hazardous event (e. a tremendously large and violent tornado happens in a totally unpopulated regions of a country.Secondly, natural disasters are political since they entail public policy. How poorly or well people tone down, plan for, react to and get over disasters is openly related to how
What does it mean to securitise the environment
… as a result, many actors will alter their approach to these issues and devise new ways to address them, most notably through the freeing up and dedication of increased resources. Behavioral change could thus be understood to be stimulated, in part, by the process of securitization itself" (Leboeuf & Broughton, 2008: 18). Speaking about the possible ecological threats, we always think about "the struggle of people with nature" that is about natural disasters. It is not possible to
Watershed Protection Plan for water quality on the Cumberland State Forest in Virginia
Practices like permanent conservation of land, establishment, and maintenance of riparian buffer zones increasing urban forest canopy by planting trees and planting trees on non-forested open land are closely related to meeting water quality goals. Similarly, research shows that the best method to maintain or improve water quality is through protection strategies as opposed to restoration strategies water quality (Virginia department of Forestry 1). These strategies include the purchase of
Waste management-msw composition
In paper waste than Nigeria because there are high spending on packaging material and the absence of those who pick rags since Italy is richer than Nigeria. Nigeria as one of the developing country uses old newspapers and other unsoiled papers for packaging foods, while Italy being a developed country puts waste papers and old newspapers into trash rather that keeping them at the section of generation for the purpose of disposing scrap dealers (Choi, 2007, pp112-156).The main reason variation
Water policy in the western USA
According to the United States geological survey, there is a 99% likelihood of a major earthquake in the southern parts of the state according to information from the last three decades. It is only in northern California that the risk is a bit lower but still disrupts the normal water supply and use in the state (Von der Portena & De Loë, 2014).Earthquakes results into damage and the disruption of water infrastructure on the state and these results into the disruption in water supply to
Waste Management in Cumbria
It was as a result of the ban that the Distington was preferred as a point for treating aqueous non-hazardous wastes that were sent initially to the landfill (Messenger 2014). A Liquid Waste Acceptance Facility was built near to the existing leachate treatment plant so as to provide treatment services continuously to the liquid waste disposal to the customers. It was believed that the construction of the plant would also result to the generation of income through creation of new business.The
Any organisation engaged in the production of goods using natural resources needs to consider environmental or social issues in order to enhance environmental and social sustainability for a sustainable development (International Trade Centre and International Tropical Timber Organization 2005). In this period when climate change is becoming real, human life is directly and indirectly affected. Therefore, companies producing furniture need to develop mechanisms that may be used to conserve
Water Pollution of Duwamish River (Seattle)
Chemical pollutants like lead are always consumed by tiny sea animals. Later on, these tiny animals are consumed by fish, which in turn is consumed by human beings. This can lead to an aspect referred to as food poisoning.Water pollution affects the entire world, and therefore, there is a need of coming up with a water resource policy, that can help in the reduction of water pollution. Furthermore, there is a suggestion and proof that water pollution is one of the leading causes of deaths in
Waste management systens
The word community has developed to be identified with terms such as towns, neighbourhoods and villages regardless of the fact that communities can exist in other form of relationships like social, professional or spiritual. The word community is often used too casually as the people may not have the best opinions throughout. This is because people living on the same community may have differing hopes, convictions and identities. This implies that there may be a distribution of the level of
Waste process and sustainable development
The index also further assist in the assessment of the gaps that require the implementation of the management teams of the organizations (Rogers, Jalal and Boyd, 2008). Sustainability index also assists the investors in the evaluation of the suitable methodologies that provide the countries they do their operations. In this instance, it gives the options of coming up with policies that can lead to the achievement of the desired and acceptable sustainable development. In summary, the
What is the future of renewable energy
Therefore, there was an urgent need to replace wood by coal and fuel energy during industrial revolution; these sources have been used for quite a long period of time (Wengenmayr,et al. Even though double growth has been witnessed in economy ever since these natural sources of energy were discovered and put into use, they are accompanied with numerous challenges. The main problem with these traditional sources of energy is that the natural resources of fossils such as coal and gas have rapidly
Water and sustainability
The federal and state laws and codes are tasked with the determination of the various operational requirements, public notifications of the standards, provision of guidance to the state primacy agencies and publish the consumer confidence reports (Liu, Jianguo, and Wu Yang 650).Unlike China, the laws in the US such as Safe Drinking Water Act ensure quality of the drinking water is high. The public water systems in the US must comply with the laws to ensure that the water is safe. Unlike the US,
Write a complete laboratory report that covers all three experiments for Lab 2 Water Quality and Contamination
Poisons, disease causing agents and toxins can reside in water, and adversely affect people (De Villiers, 2001).The objective of the three experiments was to find out the effects of ground water contamination, the process of water treatment and testing the quality of drinking water. Research indicates that toxins and lead acid chemicals are responsible for majority of cancers affecting many people today. It is because of these impurities and dangers associated with contaminated water that water
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Is prepaid tuition a good investment ? (AP): A new season of Washington state's Guaranteed Education Tuition (GET) program begins today. Rising tuition costs have caused speculation about whether the program still makes financial sense, but experts say the investment can still pay off for parents of young children.
Columnist calls for action at Horace Mann: The time has come for Seattle Public Schools Superintendent José Banda to force out 18 community groups "squatting" at a vacant Central District school, writes Seattle Times editorial columnist Lynn K. Varner. The groups, operating collectively as Africatown Center for Education and Innovation, are holding back a voter-approved renovation of the building and costing the district $1,000 a day.
Eastern WA district considers year-round schooling (Columbia Basin Herald): Overcrowding could prompt the Moses Lake School District to begin holding classes year-round as soon as the next school year.
Tips for handling chronic absenteeism (Edutopia): Nationwide, between 5 and 7.5 million children miss at least 10 percent of the school year. Chronic absenteeism in kindergarten and first grade has been linked to academic problems later on, and prevention is key.
Fake gun leads to school lockdown (Wenatchee World): An elementary school in Wenatchee was put on lockdown Thursday after a woman carrying what appeared to be an assault rifle was spotted in front of the school. Police later learned the gun was a fake weapon that the woman was carrying as part of her Halloween costume.