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'Singapore is our second largest trading partner in ASEAN'
HOME People & Events National Days
Stresses SME-Startups Minister Hong at Singapore ND party
Vice Chairperson Cho Kyung-hee of The Korea Post for int'l economic cooperation
Minister of Small-Medium Enterprises and Startups Hong Jong-Haak said, "Korea and Singapore are important partners, especially in the economic sector. Singapore is Korea's second-largest trading partner in the ASEAN region and boasts the largest number of Korean construction companies." Speaking at the National Day celebration reception of Singapore at Grand Hyatt Seoul Aug. 20, 2018, Minister Hong stated, "Furthermore, in the upcoming 4th Industrial Revolution era, Korea and Singapore share the same economic policy—"growth through innovation." (See excerpts from his speech toward the end of this report.)
Ambassador Yip Wei Kiat of Singapore (2th from left) poses with other guests.
The reception is rated to be one of the best-prepared and best-attended National Day celebration functions in recent years where the food and beverage, according to the guests, were of a very high quality and substantially pleased the palate of the guests.
There were many important guests from the Korean society as well as from the diplomatic community whence many ambassadors attended with their spouses.
From the mass communications circles came a number of publishers and editors who included Publisher-Chairman Lee Kyung-sik of The Korea Post (owning and operating 3 English, 2 Korean media outlets) with Vice Chairperson Cho Kyung-hee.
National Day celebration reception of Singapore at Grand Hyatt Seoul Aug. 20, 2018
Minister Hong's congratulatory remarks, in fact, were preceded by a welcome speech by the host, Ambassador Yip Wei Kiat of Singapore in Seoul. Ambassador Yip said in part: "During President visit of President Moon Jae-in to Singapore, our two countries signed several agreements to strengthen cooperation in different fields. Minister Hong was personally involved in the conclusion of a MOU to encourage the SMEs of both countries to jointly explore opportunities in the region. Over the last few weeks, we have already seen positive results in the form of new collaborations between Singapore and Korean businesses." (See excerpts from the speech of Ambassador Yip at the end of this report.)
The Republic of Singapore, located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, is slightly larger in land space than the area of the City of Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea (south).
According to the Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs information material, Singapore plays a leading role in the economic growth and industrial development across the region and thus earns its position as one of the 'Four Dragons of Asia' along with Korea.
Singapore is also a leading nation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Smart Cities and technological innovation in the late years. As such, Singapore is defined as Gangsoguk, literally, a 'Small but Powerful Nation.'
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and Singapore in 1975, the two countries have maintained close ties between the two governments and people-to-people exchanges in a very vibrant state.
Korea and Singapore are important partners to each other: Singapore was the 9th trading destination to Korea in 2017. Many Korean engineering and construction companies in Singapore are widely known for their successful completion of the landmark buildings as well as execution of major infrastructure projects in the country.
People-to-people exchanges between the two countries have been continuously growing with more than 800,000 visitors in 2017. Demand for increased cooperation between Korea and Singapore is expected to grow considering Singapore's location as hub in ASEAN and the Korean government's initiative, "New Southern Policy," which aims to upgrade its relationship with the ASEAN member countries.
Ambassador Yip Wei Kiat of Singapore (left) poses with Minister of Small-Medium Enterprises and Startups Hong Jong-Haak (right)
Excerpts from the speech of Minister Hong:
On behalf of the government of Korea, I would like to extend my warmest congratulations on the 53rd anniversary of National Day of the Republic of Singapore.
First of all, the state visit of President Moon Jae-in to Singapore last month has brought our bilateral relationship up to a whole new level. I think that it has opened the door to future co-prosperity of Korea and Singapore.
Thanks to the interest and hard work of Ambassador Yip and many other people, we were able to create this great achievement. I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude on behalf of the government of Korea.
As President Moon Jae-in and Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong stressed, Korea and Singapore have maintained close relationship in many areas since the diplomatic tie was established in 1975.
Now, the two countries are important partners, especially in the economic sector. Singapore is Korea's second-largest trading partner in the ASEAN region and boasts the largest number of Korean construction companies.
Furthermore, in the upcoming 4th Industrial Revolution era, Korea and Singapore share the same economic policy - growth through innovation.
I believe that the two countries will be the best partners for future industries, such as artificial intelligence, big data, fintech, and smart city.
During the state visit in July, the Ministry of SMEs and Startups signed the cooperative memorandum of understanding with the Enterprise Singapore. The two organizations agreed to enhance the cooperation of SMEs and startups between the two countries, and will join hands to lead the fourth industrial revolution.
Since President Moon Jae-in took office, the government of Korea has been enthusiastically pursuing "the New Southern Policy" for co-prosperity between Korea and ASEAN region.
Both countries have overcome many challenges since their independence from colonial rule. am sure that this will strengthen economic cooperation between the two countries, including cooperation of SMEs and startups and increase in trade and investment.
Distinguished guests, Korea and Singapore share a lot in
They lack natural resources, but their people have diligence and high enthusiasm for education and always pursue endless innovation. Thus, both countries were able to achieve remarkable economic development for the last half century.
Moreover, the two countries have worked together for world peace. Last June, the first North Korea-U.S. summit was held in Singapore. It helped Asia and the rest of the world take one step toward an era of peace and co-prosperity.
The government of Korea will strive for co-prosperity and peace of the two countries. Once again, I would like to express sincere congratulations on the 53rd anniversary of National Day of the Republic of Singapore.
Ambassador Yip Wei Kiat of Singapore (9th from left) poses with other ambassadors.
Excerpts from the speech of Ambassador Yip:
Good evening and thank you for joining us to mark Singapore's 53rd National Day.
It is said that a picture is worth a thousand words. So I have behind me three images to highlight what a special year 2018 has been for Singapore and for our relations with South Korea.
Singapore is the ASEAN Chair for 2018. We have chosen the themes of "resilience" and "innovation" to reinforce ASEAN's on-going efforts to build a strong and united Community that can respond effectively to the challenges in the coming decade. As the global political and security landscape become increasingly complex, we need resilience in addressing issues such as radicalism, extremism and cyber security. At the same time, we have to embrace innovation and press ahead with regional integration in order to ride the upcoming digital revolution. To achieve this, ASEAN needs to coordinate closely with our external partners.
It is for this reason that Singapore fully supports South Korea's New Southern Policy. When President Moon Jae-in made a state visit to Singapore last month, he reiterated his intention to elevate relations with the ASEAN countries through more regular contact among the peoples of the two regions and to engage in more substantive cooperation to promote peace and co-prosperity. In fact, we are already making good progress in terms of increasing bilateral interactions. Recently, the aviation authorities of our two countries agreed to open up direct flights between Singapore and Busan. We expect our airlines to launch this new service within the next few months.
During President Moon's visit, our two countries also signed several agreements to strengthen cooperation in different fields. Minister Hong was personally involved in the conclusion of a MOU to encourage the SMEs of both countries to jointly explore opportunities in the region. Over the last few weeks, we have already seen positive results in the form of new collaborations between Singapore and Korean businesses. I would like to take this opportunity to convey to Minister Hong my appreciation for his strong personal support for the strengthening of relations between Singapore and South Korea.
Another major achievement for Singapore this year was the hosting of the summit between President Donald Trump and Chairman Kim Jong-un which took place on 12 June. Since the beginning of this year, we have witnessed a tremendous transformation in the situation on the Korean Peninsula. Much credit has to go to President Moon and the South Korean government for their perseverance in creating the conducive conditions for dialogue through the PyeongChang Winter Olympics and the two inter-Korea summits in April and May.
Peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula has far-reaching implications beyond Northeast Asia. Singapore is honored to have been called upon to host the historical summit between the US and North Korea. We are happy to be able to make a small contribution to the dialogue that will hopefully move the process in the right direction. Singapore will continue to work closely with South Korea and the international community to achieve lasting peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula.
Publisher-Chairman Lee Kyung-sik of The Korea Post (left) stands with Ambassador Yip Wei Kiat of Singapore (center) and Tom Wang director of sales and marketing at the Millennium hilton hotel in seoul (right)
Resume of Minister Hong:
Name: Hong Jong Haak
Title of office: Minister of Small-Medium Enterprises and Startups
1991: Earned a Ph.D. in Economics, University of California
1986: Earned an M.A. in Economics, Yonsei University
1983: Earned a B.A. in Economics, Yonsei University
Nov. 2017 to date: Minister, Ministry of SMEs and Startups
May 2017 to July 2017: Advisor, the 1st Economic division in Presidential Advisory Council on Planning and Coordination
Apr. 2017 to May 2017: Deputy Director, Policy Headquarters, the 19th Presidential Election Planning Group, Democratic Party
May 2012 to May 2016: Member, the 19th National Assembly
Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2011: Director, Korea Economic Justice Institute, the Citizens' Coalition for Economic Justice
July 2005 to Nov. 2006: Radio Host, 'Tangible Economy' program, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC)
March 1992 to Feb. 2016: Professor, Department of Global Economics, Gachon University

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Sometimes it pays not to have too much self-respect to do this job. That is what crossed my mind as two fellow journalists and I followed Jurgen Klinsmann out of the press box at Cape Town's Green Point Stadium, through the stadium concourse, down six flights of steps, past a couple of police officers - who happily weren't looking - to the doors of a makeshift TV studio.
Klinsmann, out here working for the BBC and for German TV, had already said he was too busy to talk to us. But - as the door closed in our faces - it was clear that to give up just like that would have been the easy way out.
So we waited in the stairwell. We didn't really think he would even come out that way. But we waited anyway. We were missing the post-match press conferences from the Holland-Cameroon game we had just covered. But so what? We could pick up those quotes from colleagues later.
With an England-Germany game on the horizon, the chance of a chat with a legend like Klinsmann was far more important.
Eventually, he emerged. With two 'minders' he set off for his car.
'Come on,' he smiled. 'We will walk and talk.'
So - feeling like extras from the West Wing - off we went. I carried three bags while the other two tried to keep up with Klinsmann, tape recorders hovering in front of him while he weaved through the crowds back in the direction of the media car park.
It wasn't the easiest way to conduct an interview but it was the only hope we had. And then, happily, as he got to the entrance to the car park - to which we had no access - he stopped and turned round. And gave us ten more minutes.
It was more than we could have hoped for. Not many people in football would have done it.
But Klinsmann is one of football's more intelligent, amenable and - it must be said - charismatic characters. He understands what the media need and is charming with it. And his bizarre German/Californian accent is like nothing you have ever heard.
During our chat - that was about to be hijacked by two passing Chinese journalists until a glare from the man from the Telegraph warned them off - Klinsmann gave little away.
He didn't dig out the English like his compatriot Franz Beckenbauer likes to do, but his analysis of this Sunday's game in Bloemfontein was detailed, insightful and delivered with enthusiasm and authority. You can read it in tomorrow's Daily Mail.
Eventually, just as I was about to ask him whether he would like to come and manage in the Barclays Premier League he once graced as a striker for Tottenham, he smiled and held up his hand.
'Enough now,' he said.
And he was right. It was dark and it was cold and it was coming up to midnight. It was, happily, more than enough.


Living Coasts' senior keeper Lois Rowell has gone to spend 6 weeks in South Africa with SANCCOB – the South African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds – to help with our joint bank cormorant project. Here's her second blog post.
The collection of bank cormorant eggs was quite successful. We managed to collect ten eggs, though we had a permit for twelve. A lot of the nests were still empty as it is quite early in the season. We had to collect from a different area because the birds at the original collection area had been disturbed and abandoned their nests. We suspected that someone had been fishing there, even though it is fenced off.
Transporting eggs is a tricky business! They were in a cool box with towels and a hot water bottle to keep them warm and we were able to put them in a portable incubator while we waited for the evening ferry back.
While we were waiting I got the chance to accompany a researcher as she checked African penguin nests in the Robben Island colony. Robben Island is quite a strange place, with many derelict bungalows among the inhabited ones. The population is about 100, all employees of the Robben Island museum. It is very hot and scrubby with introduced fallow deer, partridges and peafowl as well as the local species. The penguins nest in the scrub under the bushes and in some of the buildings.
We combined the egg collection with the release of about 50 swift terns. These were rescued birds from the mainland – we released them near the Robben Island colony.
The bank cormorant eggs had quite a bumpy ride back to SANCCOB; the sea was rough and then there was the road journey as well. But they all made it! As soon as we got back I weighed them and placed them in an incubator.
We measured and candled the eggs. Candling means holding a bright light behind the egg to show details through the shell, and is so called because originally candles were used. We could see that nine of the ten eggs are fertile. The tenth egg may be newly-laid or infertile – only time will tell. Five of the eggs are more than half way through incubation, with one possibly due within the next week. The other four are in the earlier stages of incubation. We can see movement in most of the eggs, indicating that they are alive and survived the journey.


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Les Misérables book
(Book 873 from 1001 Books) - Les Misérables, Victor Hugo Les Misérables is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its original French title. However, several alternatives have been used, including The Miserables, The Wretched, The. Appears in 13 books from 1881-2007. Page 90 - He looks upon it, he looks upon it with frenzy. It moves away; it grows dim; it diminishes. He was there but just now, he was one of the crew, he went and came upon the deck with the rest, he had his share of the air and of the sunlight, he was a living man
Les Miserables. The only completely unabridged paperback edition of Victor Hugo's masterpiece--a sweeping tale of love, loss, valor, and passion. Introducing one of the most famous characters in literature, Jean Valjean--the noble peasant imprisoned for stealing a loaf of bread--Les Misérables ranks among the greatest novels of all time One of the most widely read novels of all time, Les Misérables was the crowning literary achievement of Victor Hugo's stunning career. Though he was considered the greatest French writer of his day, Hugo was forced to flee the country because of his opposition to Napoleon III
Les Misérables by Victor Hugo - Meet your next favorite boo
Les Misérables is one of my favorite books ever, and I was very excited to read this one. Adapting a book of more than one thousand pages is always a challenge and I think this manga did a pretty good job of it. If someone without any knowledge of Les Misérables would read this manga,.
Les Misérables by Victor Hugo - Free Ebook. Project Gutenberg. 65,996 free ebooks. 64 by Victor Hugo
Les Misérables Chapitre I ville où il y a beaucoup de bouches qui parlent et fort peu de têtes qui pensent.Ildevaitlesubir,quoiqu'ilfûtévêqueetparcequ'ilétaitévêque. Mais, après tout, les propos auxquels on mêlait son nom n'étaient que des propos; du bruit, des mots, des paroles, moins que des paroles, de
Les Misérables (Book Center) (Litterature) Kindle Edition by Victor Hugo (Author) › Visit Amazon's Victor Hugo Page. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author. Victor Hugo (Author) Format: Kindle Edition. 4.6 out of 5 stars 2,178 ratings
Book Review: Les Misérables by Victor Hugo. It's one of those classics every man and his dog claims to have read - and with more film and TV adaptations than you can shake a remote at, it's fairly easy to convince yourself you sort of, kind of, may as well have. But there's only so many trials and tribulations a two-hour Hollywood.
les misÉrables: preface: volume i—fantine: book first—a just man: chapter i—m. myriel: chapter ii—m. myriel becomes m. welcome: chapter iii—a hard bishopric for a good bishop: chapter iv—works corresponding to words: chapter v—monseigneur bienvenu made his cassocks last too lon
User Review - Flag as inappropriate Hace unos seis anos, google me consiguio una copia -- no recuerdo la biblioteca, pero creo que Cervantes. Al ver estas descripciones de wiki, veo que la que lei, era una traduccion arreglada. Victor Hugo un aristocrata frances, se inmortalizo con esta obra y El Jorobado de Notre Dama du Paris. ambas obras llevadas al cine, teatros y TV Les Mis rables is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the nineteenth century. In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its original French title, which can be translated from the French as The Miserable, The Wretched, The Miserable Ones, The Poor Ones, The Wretched Poor, or The Victims Les Misérables is an epic novel that was written by Victor Hugo, published in 1862.It was translated into English by Charles E. Wilbour later that same year. The unabridged version is known to be 1,463 pages long, whereas the abridged version is only a little over 800. Les Misérables is quite popular, as it has been adapted into films, a play, and even a musical, which is sometimes referred. Les Miserables is the great epic masterpiece of the mid-nineteenth century. Begun in 1845, the year Louis Philippe conferred a peerage and a lifetime seat in the Senate upon Victor Hugo, it was completed when the author was living in exile in the Channel Islands. Les Miserables is a product as well as a document of the political, social, and religious upheaval that followed the Napoleonic Wars.
Les Misérables kan op meerdere wijzen worden getypeerd: Het is een groots opgezette, heterogene roman waarin vele historische en filosofische uitweidingen de toch al boordevolle intrige onderbreken. Het is een soort epos in proza, met name ook in zijn beschrijvingen van de Slag bij Waterloo en de Parijse opstand van 1832 Les Misérables, novel by Victor Hugo, published in French in 1862.It was an instant popular success and was quickly translated into several languages. Set in the Parisian underworld and plotted like a detective story, the work follows the fortunes of the convict Jean Valjean, a victim of society who has been imprisoned for 19 years for stealing a loaf of bread Les Misérables, Volume 1. Victor Hugo (1802 - 1885) Translated by Isabel Florence Hapgood (1851 - 1928). This is book 1 of 5. An ex-convict breaks parole and starts a new life as a righteous man, but is pursued by a police inspector. Along the way, the ex-convict joins a revolution, adopts a daughter, and beats people up Les Misérables by Victor Hugo Vol. 1 - Pt.1 Les Misérables by Victor Hugo Vol. 1 - Pt.1 - FULL Audio Book | Greatest Audio Books | Les Mis FULL AUDIOBOOK PLAYLIST: https://www.youtube.com.
Les Misérables - Victor Hugo - Google Book
Book Summary. Jean Valjean, after spending nineteen years in jail and in the galleys for stealing a loaf of bread and for several attempts to escape, is finally released, but his past keeps haunting him. At Digne, he is repeatedly refused shelter for the night. Only the saintly bishop, Monseigneur Myriel, welcomes him
Les Misérables (/ l eɪ ˌ m ɪ z ə ˈ r ɑː b (l ə)/; French pronunciation: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]), colloquially known as Les Mis or Les Miz (/ l eɪ ˈ m ɪ z /), is a sung-through musical adaptation of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel of the same name, by Claude-Michel Schönberg (music), Alain Boublil and Jean-Marc Natel (original French lyrics), and Herbert Kretzmer (English lyrics)
ion Duty, to country, to another human being, to God came thrashing together like a man who is assumed to be unable to do any good is sentenced to a life of shame long after he has served his sentence by the unwavering letter of the law by his counterpart
Les Miserables : Victor Hugo : 9780451419439 - Book Depositor
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Les Misérables: Directed by Richard Boleslawski. With Fredric March, Charles Laughton, Cedric Hardwicke, Rochelle Hudson. In early 19th Century France an ex-convict who failed to report to parole is relentlessly pursued over a 20 year period by an obsessive policeman
Les Misérables - Les Misérables, by Victor Hugo has been described as one of literature's greatest novels. The first two volumes were published in French in March 1862 and translated into English later the same year. Since then it has been translated by numerous others and has been adapted for film, television, radio, animation and the stage
The official website for the stage production of Les Misérables. Click the link for more information on the show, to buy tickets and much much more Les Misérables - Victor Hugo. Read reviews, compare customer ratings and buy online. Thousands of free books available Les Mis is literally everything, ok bye.The QuestionsI Dreamed a Dream: a book that didn't live up to your high expectationsThe Confrontation: your favourite.. Les Misérables: Directed by Frank Lloyd. With William Farnum, George Moss, Hardee Kirkland, Gretchen Hartman. Jean Valjean, a good and decent man who has committed a minor crime, is imprisoned but escapes. He is pursued thereafter for years by Javert, the cruel and implacable arm of the law Set in the Parisian underworld of the early nineteenth century, Les Misérables follows the adventures of Jean Valjean, once an honest peasant, who spent nineteen years in prison for stealing a loaf of bread to feed his sister's starving family. A hardened and bitter criminal upon his re
Les Misérables: Hugo, Victor: 9781977076601: Amazon
Les Misérables. In this major new rendition by the acclaimed translator Julie Rose, Victor Hugo's Les Misérables is revealed in its full, unabridged glory. A favorite of readers for nearly 150 years, this stirring tale of crime, punishment, justice, and redemption pulses with life. Featuring such unforgettable characters as the quintessential. Download cover art Download CD case insert Les Misérables Vol. 2 Victor HUGO (1802 - 1885) , translated by Isabel Florence HAPGOOD (1851 - 1928) This is book 2 of 5. An ex-convict breaks parole and starts a new life as a righteous man, but is pursued by a police inspector
Les Misérables by Stacy King - Meet your next favorite boo
Buy a cheap copy of Les Misérables book by Victor Hugo. Volume two of five. The unabridged form of this story runs to over 1,900 pages in either French or English, necessitating multiple volumes of this bilingual... Free Shipping on all orders over $10 Les misérables by Victor Hugo, 1862, A. Lacroix, Verboeckhoven edition, - Ed. autorisée par l'auteur Download free book Les Misérables by Victor Hugo epub, pdf, audiobook Les Misérables (1862) is a novel by French author Victor Hugo, and among the best-known novels of the 19th century. It follows the lives and interactions of several French characters over a twenty year period in the early 19th century that starts in the year of Napoleon's final defeat Les Misérables is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century . In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its or iginal French title. Works of. Les Misérables Manga(Novel) at 247MANGA: Les Misérables Victor Hugo's classic novel of love & tragedy during the French Revolution is reborn in this adaptation by Crystal S. Chan! In 19th-century France, Jea
Test your knowledge on all of Les Misérables. Perfect prep for Les Misérables quizzes and tests you might have in school Les Misérables was born of one of the riskiest—and shrewdest—deals in publishing history. An 1878 caricature of Hugo from La Petite Lune. Earlier this month, Penguin Random House bid more than sixty-five million dollars for the global rights to books by Barack and Michelle Obama, breaking the record for U.S. presidential memoirs T he publication of Les Misérables, in 1862, was widely anticipated based on Hugo's popularity.The book was an immediate success. It appealed to a broad audience across Europe and other areas. Autour de lui gravitent les personnages dont certains vont donner leur nom aux différents tomes du roman, témoins de la misère de ce siècle, misérables eux-mêmes ou proches de la misère : Fantine, Cosette, Marius, mais aussi les Thénardier (dont Éponine, Azelma et Gavroche) ainsi que le représentant de la loi, Javert Les Misérables is based on an ethics which believes in the triumph of the defeated. At the novel's climax, Hugo describes how Marius began to have an inkling of how incredibly lofty and solemn a.
Les Misérables (1862) is a novel by French author Victor Hugo, and among the best-known novels of the 19th century. It follows the lives and interactions of several French characters over a twenty year period in the early 19th century that starts in the year of Napoleon's final defeat. Principally focusing on the struggles of the protagonist—ex-convict Jean Valjean—who seeks to redeem. Les misérables: roman - Ebook written by Victor Hugo. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Les misérables: roman Les Misérables is an 1862 French novel by author Victor Hugo that is widely considered one of the greatest novels of the nineteenth century. The popular musical based off of it has been shown in countries all around the world, and is officially the world's longest running musical. This Wiki is all about the wonderful musical and book it is.
One of the most widely read novels of all time, Les Misérables was the crowning literary achievement of Victor Hugo's stunning career. Though he was considered the greatest French writer of his day, Hugo was forced to flee the country because of his opposition to Napoleon III. While in exile he completed Les Misérables, an enormous melodrama set against the background of political upheaval. A good book could be written about the bastardization of great novels, and Victor Hugo's Les Misérables would make a fine Exhibit A. Rarely has any work of literature received such a. The book Les Misérables by Victor Hugo, still in perfectly preserved condition. According to research, it is illustrated with nearly two hundred drawings by Brion, engraved by Yon and Perrichon English: Les Misérables is a 1862 novel by the french author Victor Hugo. Français : Les Misérables est un roman de Victor Hugo paru en 1862. Italiano: I Miserabili è un romanzo dello scrittore francese Victor Hugo, pubblicato nel 1862. Español :Los Miserables es una novela de 1862 escrita por el autor francés Victor.
LES MISÉRABLES BOOK AND CD de VICTOR HUGO Ficha técnica LES MISÉRABLES BOOK AND CD VICTOR HUGO Idioma: INGLÉS Formatos: Pdf, ePub, MOBI, FB2 ISBN: 9788853015495 Editorial: CIDEB Descargar eBook.. Les Misérables 15. Les Misérables. Inspired by the 2005 Paris riots, director Ladj Ly's Oscar-nominated 'Les Miserables' is a hugely topical provocative insight into the tensions between neighbourhood residents and police. Stephane (Damien Bonnard) has recently joined the Anti-Crime Squad in Montfermeil, in the suburbs of Paris, France, where. Buy Les Misérables (Penguin Classics) by Hugo, Victor, Tombs, Robert, Donougher, Christine, Donougher, Christine (ISBN: 9780241248744) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders
Les Misérables by Victor Hugo - Free Ebook - Free eBooks Project Gutenber
Few novels ever swept across the world with such overpowering impact as Les Misérables.Within 24 hours, the first Paris edition was sold out. In other great cities of the world it was devoured with equal relish. Sensational, dramatic, packed with rich excitement and filled with the sweep and violence of human passions, Les Misérables is not only superb adventure but a powerful social document
Victor Hugo Les Misérables Read by Bill Homewood unabridged. Les Misérables is set in Paris after the French Revolution. In the sewers and backstreets we encounter 'the wolf-like tread of crime', and assassination for a few sous is all in a day's work. We weep with the unlucky and heartbroken Fantine, and we exult with the heroic revolutionaries of the barricades; but above all we.
Les Misérables to Bow Out in State College with FUSE Productions' Presentation Richard Biever. Perfect Tenses Read The Complete Book of Les Misarables | Ebook sadupaye. Les Misérables to Bow Out in State College with FUSE Productions' Presentation Richard Biever
Book. 7:30 pm. From: £48.50. Book Limited availability. Book Limited. ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 'A five-star hit - astonishingly powerful' The Times. Cameron Mackintosh's acclaimed production of Boublil and Schönberg's musical LES MISÉRABLES will play Norwich Theatre Royal. This brilliant new staging has taken the world by storm and has.
Les Misérables. Series: Beginning Piano Solo Format: Softcover Composers: Alain Boublil, Claude-Michel Schonberg. Even beginners can enjoy playing songs from one of Broadway's biggest blockbusters with this new folio. Songs: At the End of the Day • Bring Him Home • Castle on a Cloud • Do You Hear the People Sing
Les Misérables - Victor Hugo & Isabel Florence Hapgood [PDF download] - Online Book Caf
or crime, and for this crime Valjean is.
ating in the June Rebellion
Les Misérables Trivia. 1.1K likes. Les Mis trivia from the books, musicals, and movies
Few novels ever swept across the world with such overpowering impact as Les Misérables. Within 24 hours, the first Paris edition was sold out. In other great cities of the world it was devoured with equal relish.Sensational, dramatic, packed with rich excitement and filled with the sweep and violence of human passions, Les Misérables is not only superb adventure but a powerful social.
Les Misérables (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]), adalah sebuah novel sejarah Prancis yang dikarang oleh Victor Hugo, diterbitkan pertama kali pada tahun 1862, dan secara umum dianggap sebagai salah satu novel terbesar pada abad kesembilan belas. Judul novel ini bisa diterjemahkan dari bahasa Prancis dalam berbagai makna, seperti Orang-Orang yang Malang, Orang-Orang Celaka. Les Misérables audiobook by Victor Hugo, narrated by Frederick Davidson. Set in 19th-century Paris, this celebrated classic inspired the iconic Broadway musical and Academy Award-winning film! After completing nearly two decades of hard labor for stealing a loaf of bread, Jean Valjean transforms himself into a kindly businessman — but his past will haunt him as a.. Les Misérables (1862) is a sprawling epic by Victor Hugo, the seeds of which can be found in some of his earlier, shorter works, such as his novel(la) Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamné, which also treats upon the subject of the penal system in France and includes a character that resembles what could later be called an AU-style Valjean.It has been adapted to the small and big screen numerous. Buy tickets for Les Misérables - The Staged Concert in London Book Review: Les Misérables. Posted on July 18, 2021 by Aspiring Scribbler. I chose to read Victor Hugo's Les Misérables for the Classic in Translation category in the Back to the Classics 2021 challenge. I listened to the free online audiobook recording through LibriVox, which uses a variety of volunteer readers
Amazon.com: Les Misérables (Book Center) (Litterature) eBook : Hugo, Victor: Book
Dominic West, David Oyewolo, Lily Collins and Olivia Colman star in an epic adaption of Les Misérables, premiering Sunday, April 14, 9/8c on MASTERPIECE Les Misérables Introduction. It's not easy to put Les Misérables in a nutshell, considering that it's one of the longest novels ever written. But hey! That's our job, so here goes: the novel is about how an ex-con named Jean Valjean tries to live a good life and help the people around him, even while he struggles to escape his criminal past
Read these fascinating Les Misérables facts and book for the show with Times Tickets. The monumental musical adaptation of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel of the same name is a theatre icon,. About Les Misérables 'A THRILLING INSPIRATION' - The Guardian Cameron Mackintosh's acclaimed fully-staged new production of Boublil and Schönberg's Les Misérables reopens at London's Sondheim Theatre on 25 September.. This brilliant new staging has taken the world by storm and has been hailed Les Mis for the 21st Century (Huffington Post), the reborn dream of a production. Les Miserables - Musical, London, United Kingdom. 1,468,688 likes · 9,079 talking about this · 224,558 were here. Welcome to the Official International Les Misérables Facebook Page Les Misèrables by Victor Hugo Format: Hardback (Clothbound) Source: Birthday Present Publisher: Penguin Classics Genres: Classic, Fiction Publication Date: 25th October 2012 Synopsis/Blurb (taken from Goodreads): Victor Hugo's tale of injustice, heroism and love follows the fortunes of Jean Valjean, an escaped convict determined to put his criminal past behind him Based on the classic novel, Les Misérables, by Victor Hugo, and the classic Broadway stage show of the same name, Les Misérables is the story of Jean Valjean, a prisoner who breaks parole, and the police inspector, Javert, who tries to hunt him down for breaking parole
26 years after first bringing Les Misérables to Baycourt, Tauranga Musical Theatre is thrilled to present a brand new, reimagined production of Les Misérables. Set against the backdrop of 19th-century France, Les Misérables tells an enthralling story of adversity, broken dreams and unrequited love, passion, sacrifice and redemption - a timeless testament to the survival of the human spirit NOW A SIX-PART MINISERIES ON MASTERPIECE ON PBS The only completely unabridged paperback edition of Victor Hugo's masterpiece--a sweeping tale of love, loss, valor, and passion. Introducing one of the most famous characters in literature, Jean Valjean--the noble peasant imprisoned for stealing a loaf of bread--Les Misérables ranks among the greatest novels of all time Les misérables: Volume 1 - Ebook written by Victor Hugo. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Les misérables: Volume 1 This book is available for free download in a number of formats - including epub, pdf, azw, mobi and more. You can also read the full text online using our ereader. As much a history or commentary as a work of fiction, Les Misérables is dominated by France's past. While the fictional aspects may seem to be an afterthought, Hugo's craft is.
Book Review: Les Misérables by Victor Hug
ing the nature of law and grace, the novel elaborates upon the history of France, the architecture and urban design of Paris, politics, moral philosophy, antimonarchism, justice, religion, and the types and nature of romantic and familial love. Les Misérables has been popularized through numerous adaptations for the stage, television, and film, including a musical and a.
Victor Hugo (1802-85) was the most forceful, prolific and versatile of French nineteenth-century writers. He wrote Romantic costume dramas, many volumes of lyrical and satirical verse, political and other journalism, criticism and several novels, the best known of which are Les misérables (1862) and the youthful Notre-Dame de Paris (1831)
The Les Misérables book series by Victor Hugo includes books Les Misérables, Les Mis rables, Vol. 4, Jean Valjean, and several more. See the complete Les Misérables series book list in order, box sets or omnibus editions, and companion titles
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Les Misérables, by Victor Hug
One of the best novels. Jean Valjean, Cosette, Gavroche - the names of the heroes of the novel have long been nominative, the number of his readers in the light does not become less, the novel does not lose its appreciation. A kaleidoscope of people from all walks of French society in the first half of the 19th century, bright, memorable characters, grotesque and romance, tense and exciting. Les Misérables - Victor Hugo - Book - Books - Audiobooks - eBooks - Cheap Books Litographs tote bags are highly water-resistant and come with a five-inch inner pocket . Each tote measures 17 x 14.75 inches, with a 9 inch hanging strap, and a flat bottom. On average, each tote bag contains around 20,000 words , which is about the same length as our 18x24 posters. Features. Around 20,000 words. Design. Rachelle Meyer
Video: Les misérables - Victor Hugo - Google Book
Recently, I (finally) finished reading Les Misérables.If you know anything about the book (accurately dubbed the Brick by Mizzies), you know that this is kind of a big deal. And because it's a big deal, and because I adore this story and these characters, I felt it was only right to give a review of the legendary Brick Read Les Misérables - Chapter 42 online in high quality, full color free English version . Enjoy the latest chapter here and other manga at ManhwaTop. Reading Manhwa Les Misérables at Manhwa Website. Victor Hugo's classic novel of love & tragedy during the French Revolution i I am scaling Victor Hugo's Les Misérables and keeping a journal of my ascent of the 1200-page hill, scouting the terrain on behalf of prospective readers tempted by the upcoming film adaptation. Les Misérables - Victor Hugo | Graded Readers - FRENCH - B1 | Books | Black Cat - Cideb. Livre (pp. 144) + Audio. ISBN: 9788853009111. € 10,00. Buy. Quantity not available. To find out when the article will be available, contact us orders@blackcat-cideb.com. eBook
Les Miserables (Illustrated) by Victor Hugo NOOK Book (eBook) Barnes & Noble�
Introducing one of the most famous characters in literature, Jean Valjean—the noble peasant imprisoned for stealing a loaf of bread—Les Misérables ranks among the greatest novels of all time. In it, Victor Hugo takes readers deep into the Parisian underworld, immerses them in a battle between good and evil, and carries them to the barricades during the uprising of 1832 wit Les Miserables: An Engaging Visual Journey. by Victor Hugo. Product Description. This beautifully illustrated classic brings new life and color to a beloved story. Les Misérables is a tale of forgiveness, justice, and the will to survive amid the shadow of war and the turmoil of the French Revolution. Since its first publication in 1862, Les.
<p><br><i>Les Misérables</i> is a magnificent, sweeping story of revolution, love and the will to survive set amidst the poverty stricken streets of nineteeth-century Paris.<br><br>Part of the Macmillan Collector's Library; a series of stunning, clothbound, pocket sized classics with gold foiled edges and ribbon markers. These beautiful books make perfect gifts or a treat for any. The first novel adapted for the ongoing Enter The Story series is Victor Hugo's Les Misérables, famous for its themes of overcoming poverty and injustice against the backdrop of 19th century France.Here playing as the spirit Peri, the story centers around Jean Valjean, a man convicted for stealing a loaf of bread to feed his starving sister and her family, and follows his life's journey into. Les Misérables - In this classic historical novel by French writer Victor Hugo, first published in France in 1862, Jean Valjean is relentlessly pursued by the police inspector Javert. This is the complete edition, including all five volumes 38645 Les Misérables — Volume 1, Book First, Chapter 1 Victor Hugo. In 1815, M. Charles-Francois-Bienvenu Myriel was Bishop of Digne. He was an old man of about seventy-five years of age; he had occupied the see of Digne since 1806. Although this detail has no connection whatever with the real substance of what we are about to relate, it.
Les Misérables (novel) Les Misérables Wiki Fando
Les Misérables, Volume 1. Victor Hugo (1802 - 1885) Translated by Isabel Florence Hapgood (1851 - 1928). This is book 1 of 5. An ex-convict breaks parole and starts a new life as a righteous man, but is pursued by a police inspector. Along the way, the ex-convict joins a revolution, adopts a daughter, and beats people up Les Misérables is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. Beginning in 1815 and culminating in the 1832 June Rebellion in Paris, the novel follows the lives and interactions of several characters, focusing on the struggles of ex-convict Jean Valjean and his experience of redemption Les Misérables By Victor Hugo. Release Date: 2015-06-09 Genre: Classics Score: 4. Find great deals on eBay for les misérables book. Shop with confidence
Les Misérables: A Novel - Victor Hugo - Google Book
Les Misérables is a book about misery, and not just about poverty—misery, which, even in French, denotes something larger and vaguer and more emotional than a mere economic condition Jean Valjean, les Thénardier, Cosette sont entrés au panthéon des personnages les plus célèbres de la littérature. Victor Hugo a écrit avec les Misérables, un roman d'aventures, de passion et de haine, de vengeance et de pardon et une épopée du peuple aux prises avec l'Histoire, pleine de bruits et de fureur Au Fil des Lectures Les Misérables, Tome 1 de Victor Hugo, lu par Pomme. 14 h 30 Mis en ligne le 14/02/201 Les Misérables is a French term, meaning the wretched, the miserable ones, the dispossessed, or the underclass; in his sprawling work, Hugo sets out to call attention to the struggles of these members of society and to pay tribute to their resilience and dignity. Cite This Study Guide. Have study documents to share about Les Misérables Les Misérables Book Quotes. 1.5M ratings 277k ratings See, that's what the app is perfect for. Sounds perfect Wahhhh, I don't wanna. Les Misérables Book Quotes Just a place to record my favourite Les Misérables quotes. Currently reading the Hapgood translation. This is my second attempt to finish.
Les Misérables - Victor Hugo Book - Derby Books. Jean Valjean spent nineteen years in prison — five for stealing bread, fourteen for trying to escape. Valjean tries to make a new life for himself, but he cannot escape the stigma of his past, nor the oppressive watch of the cold-hearted Inspector Javert Introducing one of the most famous characters in literature, Jean Valjean—the noble peasant imprisoned for stealing a loaf of bread— Les Misérables ranks among the greatest novels of all time. In it, Victor Hugo takes readers deep into the Parisian underworld, immerses them in a battle b From: £35.00. Book Now. Show me: Trailer. Images. Cameron Mackintosh's acclaimed production of Boublil and Schönberg's musical LES MISÉRABLES is coming to Salford in 2022. This brilliant new staging has taken the world by storm and has been hailed Les Mis for the 21st Century. With scenery inspired by the paintings of Victor. Lee gratis Les Misérables �� de Victor Hugo Disponible como E-books y audiolibros Prueba gratuita durante 14 días Hugo began the novel that became Les Misérables (originally Les Misères) in November 1845. The first draft, painstakingly reconstructed by researchers at the University of Paris 7 and now.
Les Misérables is the world's longest running musical — a true modern classic based on Victor Hugo's novel and featuring one of the most memorable scores of all time. With countless awards to its name, Les Misérables is as groundbreaking today as it was when it first premiered in London in 1985. In nineteenth century France, Jean Valjean is released from 19 years of unjust imprisonment. Les Misérables (usually /leɪ ˌmɪzəˈrɑːb/; French pronunciation: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its original French title, which has not been successfully translated from French (attempts ranging.
Les Misérables (boek) - Wikipedi
TEHRAN - The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research in Tehran has selected French writer Victor Hugo's celebrated novel Les Misérables for the Hasht Behesht Book Reading Contest. Interested students from Tehran and Alborz provinces are invited to participate in the contest, which the center organizes monthly Les Misérables' infamous tangents, multi-thousand-word digressions into the backstories of the battle of Waterloo or a fictional convent or the Paris sewers, often immediately following cliffhangers, were much less frustrating than I expected simply because of Hugo's writing A timeless testament to the survival of the human spirit, Les Misérables has become one the most celebrated and recognised musicals in theatrical history. Victor Hugo's novel Les Misérables sets the scene and the story for this enduringly popular show, but it is Boublil's captivating music, with Kretzmer's remarkable lyrics that make this a truly great musical
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text:
Classic Musings: Persona (1966)
A first-timer's experience with Ingmar Bergman's Persona could hit them harder than they might expect, especially after its enigmatic, sensory-rattling opening: sparks generated by a projector's arc-light system, stretches of silent-era footage, and flashes of provocative innuendo-laced imagery quickly offset one's point of view. It's intentionally disorienting as a primer for what's to come, a distortion of the audience's perspective during those moments while they're trying to resolve who's the observer of the story manifesting before them. Are these clues, thematic suggestions, or merely red herrings leading into what's ultimately one of cinema's early iterations of a maze-like contraption of a film? The answer, if you want to call it that, lies in the experience itself, really, and its avant-garde intentions towards observation and interpretation. Marking a transition point in Bergman's career as his breathtaking composition and eerie existentialism further explores the psyches of two isolated women, Persona remains a mesmerizing abstract endeavor that tiptoes the line between the graspable and unknowable.
Eventually, after several minutes of jarring visual devices with little outward rhyme or reason (aside from clear references to Bergman's previous works), the story proper begins with a young nurse, Alma (Bibi Andersson), accepting an assignment to help a celebrated actress, Elizabet Vogler (Liv Ullmann), overcome a state of being inexplicably stricken mute. Deeming the patient psychologically and physiologically fine, her doctor suggests that the pair withdraw to an isolated beach house for further treatment in a casual environment, with Alma more as a potential conversation companion instead of a medical professional. From there, Persona pivots on the details of Alma's stream of dialogue aimed at the actress, revealing more about her experiences -- her engagement, her previous sexual encounters, her ambition as an individual -- as the silent Elizabet absorbs and reacts to her chatter. Tension mounts as their time continues, with Alma herself eerily and reverently adopting some of Elizabet's traits.
Filtered through the lens of Bergman's crucial collaboration with cinematographer Sven Nykvist, Persona frames the relationship between Alma and Elizabet in the director's signature stark visuals, from the sterile claustrophobia of the hospital to the airy, rocky expanses of the doctor's seaside house. The isolation and craggy landscape inform the film's expressive core, shaping the nurse's character as she bears her soul with no indication whether Elizabet will return the favor. When they're not taking walks along the Swedish coast, their closeness gets shrouded by eerie shadows within the free-flowing home, the intensity of their gazes and the creases forming in their facial expressions becoming important as Bergman's construction of their identities comes into focus. His concentration on imagery evolves into an emotionally-provocative exploration of mirror images and reflections, where some of the director's most profoundly lyrical shots -- a silhouette against the ripples of a pond; the overlap of bodies in an obscuring fog; the conscientious interruption of celluloid damage -- compliment the story's challenging grasp on identity.
Bergman cleverly lures the audience into embracing the nurse's steady admissions and submissive admiration, freely divulging her secrets and trust; he also, on the other hand, urges those watching to observe how Elizabet reacts to Alma's common flaws and Personal idiosyncrasies, and how Alma herself responds to the lack of recompense. It's fascinating to behold: Alma's vocalized interpretations of Elizabet's purely physical reactions, often in the form of accusations, might differ from the audience's, the stunted actress' thought-processes rarely a certainty as their one-sided candor gradually turns toxic. Bibi Andersson's presence evolves into layered and intense complexity as Alma's jumbled personality comes to the surface, the fire in her eyes and body language developing as the film furthers as an exercise in human observation, of repressing and avoiding one's Personality because it makes their life easier. Liv Ullmann's eerie near-silent performance, herself expressive through eyes and bodily gestures, potently validates Bergman's ideas about the power-play involved in dependence, egotism, and unspoken attraction.
Persona's solemn examination of the human disposition takes a sharp, cerebral (and, some might say, anticipated) turn into Bergman's wheelhouse of surrealist and existential considerations later on, using what's known about the two women as a medium for interpretation about their true identities. The director doesn't hold any of his creative aspirations back as disquieting imagery and abstract plays with the medium -- two sides of a face lining up with one another; the sizzle of overworked film to convey volatility; the reemergence of bizarre images from the film's prologue -- spiral the film into an analytical playground, urging those witnessing the unspooling rapport between Alma and Elizabet to question the nuance lying underneath. Like many of Bergman's films, however, Persona's challenges to the audience suffer little from pretense or futility: its clues and visual triggers, willfully contrived into being bizarre and intentionally provocative, form a cohesive mosaic that never lets the director's puzzling, cynical ambition out of its sight. It's playful, deviously so, but not without purpose.
Deciphering a concrete "solution" to what unfolds in this Pandora's Box of cinema might, perhaps, be an act of futility once everything's packed back up and prepared to leave the audience with their viewpoints. All one can really do is narrow down the assorted interpretations that Bergman puts before us: whether events through Alma's perspective manifest as dream sequences, flights of madness, or to be taken literally in the pair's psychologically turbulent time together, all of which work in context. And then there's Bergman's overarching ideas about perspective and cinema itself, seen through the rattle of film negatives and the fade of projector lights that bookend the film, maybe suggesting a correlation between the subjectivity of observing cinema and the subjectivity of comprehending someone's inherent persona. Bergman orchestrated a wealth of secrets under the surface in Persona, both figurative and literal concoctions that open up after further inspection (and introspection). The expertly-crafted psychological drama between Alma and Elizabet fascinates at first blush; the meaning built around their unstable rapport, which can evolve upon repeat viewings, is what makes it a masterwork.


text:
package fixtures

import (
	"istio.io/istio/galley/pkg/config/event"
	"istio.io/istio/galley/pkg/config/meta/schema/collection"
)

// Transformer implements event.Transformer for testing purposes.
type Transformer struct {
	Handlers          map[collection.Name]event.Handler
	Started           bool
	InputCollections  collection.Names
	OutputCollections collection.Names

	fn func(tr *Transformer, e event.Event)
}

var _ event.Transformer = &Transformer{}

// NewTransformer returns a new fixture.Transformer.
func NewTransformer(inputs, outputs collection.Names, handlerFn func(tr *Transformer, e event.Event)) *Transformer {
	return &Transformer{
		InputCollections:  inputs,
		OutputCollections: outputs,
		Handlers:          make(map[collection.Name]event.Handler),
		fn:                handlerFn,
	}
}

// Start implements event.Transformer
func (t *Transformer) Start() {
	t.Started = true
}

// Stop implements event.Transformer
func (t *Transformer) Stop() {
	t.Started = false
}

// Handle implements event.Transformer
func (t *Transformer) Handle(e event.Event) {
	t.fn(t, e)
}

// DispatchFor implements event.Transformer
func (t *Transformer) DispatchFor(c collection.Name, h event.Handler) {
	handlers := t.Handlers[c]
	handlers = event.CombineHandlers(handlers, h)
	t.Handlers[c] = handlers
}

// Inputs implements event.Transformer
func (t *Transformer) Inputs() collection.Names {
	return t.InputCollections
}

// Outputs implements event.Transformer
func (t *Transformer) Outputs() collection.Names {
	return t.OutputCollections
}

// Publish a message to the given collection
func (t *Transformer) Publish(c collection.Name, e event.Event) {
	h := t.Handlers[c]
	if h != nil {
		h.Handle(e)
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Allowing doubt to take hold.
Keeping me away from God's door.
Where is God when I need Her?
Will fear and doubt survive?
Forgive me for my weakness.
Why won't I let fear go?
Rather than face the truth?
that I am not capable?
Might find a place to stay.


Ancient Egyptian texts describe "funerary gardens" that were planted outside tombs, holding plants considered symbolic of death and the afterlife. There are even paintings and reliefs of these gardens on tomb and temple walls, like the one above.
Now Spanish archaeologists working in Luxor have uncovered one of these gardens. It measures about 2 by 3 meters (6.5x10 feet), and was placed in the courtyard of a rock-cut tomb. It dates to around 2000 BCE. Each grid square probably held a different plant; the two raised plants in the center probably held shrubs or small trees. The stump of one of these actually survived, a tamarind.
Digital reconstruction of the garden from the project's Spanish-language video.
Yet another way the ancient Egyptians managed to obsess about death and the tomb. What could explain the lavishing of such extraordinary resources on the dead? Once the tradition got started it would become the thing you had to do to uphold the honor of your family, establish the legitimacy of your dynasty, etc.; but how did it start, and why did it endure for so long?
More at The History Blog.


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On December 8, Hernan Cattaneo will return to headline debut at Avalon Hollywood with a special extended set! Will you be there?
One of Argentina's biggest music exports, Hernan Cattaneo aka "El Maestro" is a founding father in the underground house scene. House heads are well acquainted with Catteneo's deep signature sound and passion for the underground as he been performing for 30 years, and released 11 albums, 30 singles, and 50 tracks. Cattaneo is quite a well-respected artist that and dancefloor quickly fills up with a mere mention of his name. With this special set, El Maestro is prepared to take the audience on a journey with four full hours of banging electronic beats.
Supporting El Maestro on the main stage will be Anton Tumas. The LA native is intensely inspired and influenced by the sounds of desert festivals and events such as Burning Man, Lightning in a Bottle, Moontribe and many others. This influence can be heard in his eclectic stylings and penchant for unorthodox sounds. His ability to be every evolving in his style and his tastes, is one of many reason's Anton Tumas' sets are consistently fresh.
Rounding out the sounds of the night is one of the best side stages in Los Angeles. On this night the Pioneer Stage will be presented by EMX and will feature musical stylings from the likes of Forest Bump, Kaysin, SIRHC, Vicious Eve, Ishyabish b2b Bonzy, and DJ Bozley.
Love Hernan Cattaneo? Enter to win a pair of tickets to his show!


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The Case For 'Character Creator: The Game'
Paul Tassi Senior Contributor
News and opinion about video games, television, movies and the internet.
There's a running joke that when you load up any game that lets you custom make your own hero, that the first one to three hours will be spent in the character creation system. Sometimes this is a joke, and it doesn't really take all that long if you don't mind presets, but for others? That's really not an exaggeration, as players love to map out every little detail of their face and body before they move on into the actual game itself. And if they get something wrong, they'll want to start all over again.
Depending on the game, character creation and customization have varying levels of importance. For games like Fallout or Skyrim, you can spend eons fine-tuning your character's face, only to be playing the game in first person 95% of the time, and having your face hidden behind a helmet and mask in conversations. In other games like Mass Effect, where you're almost never not looking at your character, it's much more important. The same goes for something like The Sims or a WWE game or Saints Row that revolves entirely around your custom creation who remains in view at all times.
For me, half the time I go back and do a second or third playthrough of a game is simply because I want to make another character in the creation system. Not necessarily that I want to experience the entire game again, but I like making characters. There's a reason people can be glued to creation and customization systems for hours, and often times, I don't even think it has much to do with the game at hand.
This is why I genuinely believe that there would be a great market out there for something I'll simply call "Character Creator: The Game."
This may sound like an Onion article, and I feel like I've already seen a few webcomics about this, but I'm actually quite serious. Hear me out.
Fundamentally, I believe that the enormous interest in character creation is ultimately about artistic expression. Creation systems allow us, normal, often untalented humans, to design cool, beautiful or terrifying video game creations. With enough work, we can design ourselves, our friends, fictional characters we invent, real-life characters, celebrities, the possibilities are endless. Through these tools, we are allowed to be creative and make something to call our own, even though normally we'd never be able to 3D model or even sketch a character from scratch.
Take me, for example. Those who have followed my work for a while know that I've written a trilogy of sci-fi books (available now in print and online!). The characters I've developed for my Earthborn series are near and dear to me, yet they only exist in my head and on the pages of my books. To truly "bring them to life," I'd have to commission an artist, or hope that someday Christopher Nolan adapts my books into a movie. One is expensive, and the other is exceedingly unlikely.
So what do I do? I create my characters in games. Lucas, Asha, Alpha, Maston, Corinthia, Tannon, and so on become more than just names. Asha comes to life as my Saints Row IV hero. Lucas is my Fallout 4 wasteland survivor. Corinthia is my Destiny warlock. And so on. These names mean nothing to you, perhaps, but they mean a lot to me, and through custom creation, I can make them tangible, at least in the digital space.
What I wish I could do is simply play a game that's only a creator, and essentially build a "collection" of my 3D rendered heroes and characters. The idea is that without any real gameplay elements required, whoever made such a game could go absolutely crazy with the creator, making it incredibly fleshed-out and detailed, full of infinite possibilities.
In the past, I've found games that I wanted to play simply because they looked like they had this type of creator. One that's seared in my mind is from APB, the cops vs. robbers failure of an MMO shooter:
Or more recently, the absolutely insane creation system from Black Desert Online, which I'm told is a somewhat mediocre MMO in practice:
Do you see what I'm saying here? I would love to mess around with creation tools like these, but I sure don't want to actually play APB or Black Desert.
I view this type of "game" as a sort of digital collection system, but instead of action figures or Barbie dolls, you're making your own creations. Yes, I have a specific thought in mind, making a stable of characters for my books as a creative outlet, but again, you can do anything. Make a collection of celebrities you've managed to replicate. Make 3D versions of you and all your friends, but "badass-ify" them with weapons and armor. Unlimited potential and a huge host of character slots would let you be able to develop whatever you wanted, and ways the game could expand are limitless. I'm picturing sci-fi packs full of alien base models and laser weapons. Or fantasy packs including melee weapons and a dragon designer. Hell, if you wanted to go super corporate with it, sponsored packs could let you give a character Wolverine claws or Captain America's shield, or a Sith helmet and a Jedi lightsaber. Hell, this could essentially exist like a digital collection of Pop! figurines, full of real-life characters and your own creations.
There are bits and pieces of what I'm talking about out there. There's PlayStation Home and Xbox avatars. There are 3D modeling programs meant to teach you about game design (though most of them are either expensive or garbage or both). There are flash dress-up games that are used either by little girls or grown men (for entirely different reasons). But the fact that these things do exist in minor ways tells me that the potential for a major game like this with a great engine and infinite options can exist, even if there's not much of an actual game to it. Perhaps you could create Hearthfire/Settlement type places for them to wander around in at some point, but I really just don't think this idea even needs Sims-level gamification. The game is in the creation. That's the point.
Maybe the market for this is more limited than I imagine, but I do not seem to be alone in my love for character creation systems. As crazy as it may sound, I think that something like this could really thrive, and though I have no idea who should make it, I wish I could simply will it into existence. Until then, I'm off the go recreate the characters of my upcoming gladiator story in WWE 2K16, I guess.
Follow me on Twitter, on Facebook, and on Tumblr. Pick up my sci-fi novels, The Last Exodus and The Exiled Earthborn, which are now in print and online.
Why do people still love The Walking Dead? Watch below:
Paul Tassi
I write about video games, television, movies and the internet.


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The 10 Best Live TV Services
By Brian Bell | September 16, 2019 | 2:00pm
Main Image courtesy of Getty Tech Lists live TV services
It's no mystery that more and more people are cutting their cable and satellite providers from their monthly tithe to the bill gods. Nearly every traditional major live TV provider is shedding subscribers by the hundreds of thousands. That number could top six million by year's end if customers continue leaving at the same rate.
With so many people breaking free from the cold grip of companies like Comcast and Spectrum, the need for live TV alternatives has never been higher. And the market has risen to the challenge, providing streaming options for viewers of all tastes. Let's run through all of the best options and find out which one is right for you.
10. AT&T Watch TV
Price: $15/month
AT&T's budget streaming service lives up to the qualifier in the worst way. The service's price point is the lowest of any offering live programming from traditional channels. But that channel lineup lacks severely compared to its higher priced alternatives. It offers no sports or local channels and isn't supported by Roku devices, severely hampering its install base. The only advantage it offers is free access to some AT&T Unlimited wireless customers.
9. Pluto TV
Pluto TV is the logical evolution of that USB stick featured in many a mid-2000s infomercial promising "free TV." True to its ancestor, Pluto TV provides a large amount of content. But that programming consists more of reruns and films that are no longer on Netflix. That doesn't mean there's no value to its service. Major networks like CNN do provide edited broadcasts and its on demand lineup provides dedicated channels for some of the most popular series of the last fifteen or so years. Ever wanted an entire channel dedicated solely to Gordon Ramsey programs? Pluto TV's got you. The unskippable ads do get annoying quickly, though.
8. Plex Live TV
Price: $4.99/month
Everyone's favorite home media hub provider got into the live TV game two years ago, and it's been a welcome addition. Plex already provides users with a one stop shop for storing and streaming their entire media library. Plex Live TV allows users to stream local channels and provides a substantial DVR service to boot. The service isn't without its drawbacks. Plex Live TV requires a compatible digital tuner and antenna, which can run upwards of $100, and the always-on nature of Plex servers means you'll be eating up electricity or data 24/7.
7. Philo
Philo is the next step up in "basic" from AT&T Watch TV. The service offers 58 channels, sizeable for its low price. But that lineup lacks programming that caters to live viewers. There are no sports, local or mainstream news channels. Philo makes up for this with an unlimited cloud DVR, though it only holds recorded programs for thirty days. There isn't much more to say beyond that. Oh, it doesn't require users' credit card information to start a free trial. So, that's pretty cool.
6. FuboTV
Price: $54.99/month
The main reason why so many people still offer tribute to our cable overlords is access to live sports. It's really the only market that still pulls in live viewers. But FuboTV could be what finally breaks customers away from the traditional cable box. Sports are Fubo's bread and butter, offering more sports programming than any other service for its price. Users get access to a number of national and regional sports networks and a 30 hour cloud DVR (though a 500 hour version is available for $5 more). The only major omission is ESPN. Fubo makes up for that by providing plenty of other cable heavy-hitters and local channels. The price is a tough ask, but it's worth it for the most committed sports junkie.
5. AT&T TV Now
We're getting into the heavies now, starting with the service formerly known as DirecTV Now. The rebranding streaming alternative to AT&T's cable and satellite services remains viable despite not stacking up to its competitors. An underwhelming channel lineup is bolstered by the inclusion of HBO standard. But disappointing performance on Roku and Apple TV devices and a frustratingly small cloud DVR (20 hours) bring it back down to Earth. It's hard to recommend AT&T TV Now when its base package costs the same as much better services.
4. Hulu + Live TV
Hulu + Live TV feels like a sibling to Plex Live TV's offerings without the need for extra devices and setting up your own in-house media server. The service pairs a solid lineup of channels with its extensive on-demand library. The addition of live sports makes it even more attractive. The only major drawback is its cloud DVR. While it boasts a hefty 50 hour capacity, users aren't able to fast-forward through commercials on recorded programs without paying an extra $10 per month. There's still plenty to love here despite that specific inconvenience.
3. Sling TV
Price: $25/month for Orange or Blue package, $40/month for both
No other service provides more flexibility than Sling TV. The budget streaming service provides a solid lineup of channels in both of its base packages (Orange includes ESPN, Blue includes FOX and NBC in select markets). Users can then add tailored channel packs and DVR services for an additional cost. The absence of HBO and the inability to record any Disney-owned programs are sizeable knocks against it. Sling tries to make up for this by offering a number of packages where users can grab a compatible streaming device or HD antenna (for local channels) with a prepaid two-month subscription. This all amounts to the best budget live TV service on the market.
2. PlayStation Vue
Plenty chuckled when Sony decided to get into the live TV market. Even more did when they slapped the PlayStation branding on the service. But Vue has risen to become a premier streaming service. The channel lineup in Vue's base package falls short of our number one selection, but it sets itself apart with its technical additions. PlayStation 4 and Apple TV users can watch multiple channels at once and Vue allows for the most simultaneous viewers (five) across multiple devices of any service. Its unlimited cloud DVR is a nice addition, especially since it doesn't replace recorded programs with their on-demand companions (more on that later). Vue is a great option, though you won't get the most out of it without a PlayStation 4 or Apple TV.
1. YouTube TV
There is plenty to dislike about YouTube as a company, but the company knows how to put together a live TV streaming service. The service boasts a lineup of seventy-plus channels, but that number rises to over 100 in many markets. YouTube TV's unlimited cloud DVR also gives users nine months to watch their recorded shows, much longer than the standard 30 day period of other services. That does get notched down as some recorded programs are replaced by their on-demand version, preventing users from fast-forwarding through advertisements. That's really the only downside to the service on a technical level. It's a stellar package that easily replaces any cable box with ease.
Brian Bell is a queer freelance writer covering tech, pro wrestling, esports, games, comics and TV. Co-host of the Mr. Videogames Super Show podcast. Find and follow him on Twitter @WonderboyOTM.
live tv services
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Vancouver airport strike 'chaos' averted
The strike that would have seen more than 300 workers at Vancouver International Airport walk off the job has been averted, the Public Service Alliance of Canada says.
Union told passengers to expect turbulence if contract talks hadn't reached a resolution
CBC News · Posted: Aug 29, 2013 7:50 PM PT | Last Updated: August 30, 2013
Vancouver airport strike averted
CBC News Vancouver Late Night
Union and airport authority reach eleventh-hour tentative deal 0:41
Shortly after 9:30 p.m. PT Thursday, an agreement was reached in last-minute contract talks between the union and the Vancouver Airport Authority, union spokesman Dave Clark said.
"After a marathon mediation, a tentative agreement was done that's a fair deal for the employer, the YVR airport authority, and a fair deal for the employees," he said.
Clark said details of the agreement will only be released once all union members have a chance to see them.
"This is quite new news, we've been working hard," said Anne Murray, spokeswoman for the Vancouver Airport Authority. "The negotiating team has been working quite hard over the last couple of days, but it has been months of negotiations."
'Chaos' averted
The unionized employees work in areas such as emergency response, international arrivals customer care, passenger loading, runway maintenance and lighting, and administration.
On Tuesday, the union issued a 72-hour strike notice and warned passengers to contact the airport or airlines and plan for delays and other potential disruptions in the event of job action.
Some travellers going through Vancouver International Airport changed their plans and either flew out or arrived Thursday in order to avoid delays or cancellations that a possible strike Friday might cause. (CBC)
The strike notice came just weeks after 83 per cent of the membership of the Union of Canadian Transportation Employees members voted in favour of a strike.
A union spokesman said flexible shifts and protection from contracting were two of the main issues needing renegotiation.
The B.C. Federation of Labour had warned on Wednesday that air travel into or out of Vancouver could be "chaos" Friday morning if a strike did go ahead; however, an airport spokesperson said repeatedly that the airport would be fully operational even if the strike occurred.
With files from The Canadian Press
Vancouver airport strike would be 'chaos,' union says
YVR: Flight Information


The other services are Brake Rotors/Discs Replacement, Car Door Lock Actuator Replacement, Shock Absorber Replacement, Window Motor Regulator Replacement, Front Crankshaft Seal Replacement and Ball Joint Replacement (Front).
The other services for 2012 Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule are Strut Assembly Replacement, Fuel Pressure Regulator Replacement, Car Starter Repair, Brake Pad Replacement, Fuel Pump Replacement, Car AC Compressor Replacement, Clutch Slave Cylinder Replacement, Car Thermostat Replacement, Control Arm Assembly Replacement and Exterior Car Door Handle Replacement.
Then we also need maintenance for Brake Caliper Replacement, Car AC Repair, Windshield Wiper Motor Replacement, Power Steering Pressure Hose Replacement, Brake Master Cylinder Replacement, Ignition Switch Replacement and Car Door Mirror Replacement.
Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule period must do regularly in a 5.000 miles intervals. This value is not fixed and can also reach by 6 months of a car used.
2012 Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule for 5,000 Miles or 6 Months is Check installation of driver's floor mat, Inspect and adjust all fluid levels, Inspect wiper blades, Rotate tires and Visually inspect brake linings/drums and brake pads/discs.
2012 Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule for 10,000 Miles or 12 Months is Check installation of driver's floor mat, Inspect and adjust all fluid levels, Inspect wiper blades, Replace engine oil and oil filter, Rotate tires and Visually inspect brake linings/drums and brake pads/discs.
Read Also: How To Get The Best Toyota Prius Charging Station?
2012 Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule for 15,000 Miles or 18 Months is Check installation of driver's floor mat, Inspect and adjust all fluid levels, Inspect wiper blades, Rotate tires, Visually inspect brake, linings/drums, and brake pads/discs and Inspect ball joints and dust covers.
Also, Inspect brake lines and hoses, Inspect cabin air filter, Inspect driveshaft boots, Inspect engine/inverter coolant, Inspect exhaust pipes and mountings, Inspect radiator, condenser, and intercooler, Inspect steering gear and Inspect steering linkage and boots.
2012 Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule for 20,000 Miles or 24 Months is Check installation of driver's floor mat, Inspect and adjust all fluid levels, Inspect wiper blades, Replace engine oil and oil filter, Rotate tires and Visually inspect brake linings/drums and brake pads/discs.
2012 Toyota Prius Maintenance Schedule for 25,000 Miles or 30 Months is Check installation of driver's floor mat, Inspect and adjust all fluid levels, Inspect wiper blades, Rotate tires and Visually inspect brake linings/drums and brake pads/discs.


2019/03/21 10:58:34 Debate is Life.
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Spandex performance stretch mesh that is tightly knitted to provide excellent structure and moisture management. It's nice.
Spandex performance stretch mesh that is tightly knitted to provide excellent structure and moisture management.


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What is ZF Gearbox
No Comments on What is ZF GearboxPosted in Gearbox By Usha KalyaniPosted on May 11, 2021 May 11, 2021
Here you can get about a ZF Gearbox. ZF 6HP transmission. 8HP is ZF Friedrichshafen AG's trademark name for its eight-speed automatic transmission models (8-speed transmission with Hydraulic converter and Planetary gearsets) for longitudinal engine applications, designed and 8-Speed Automatic Transmission of Advantages.
Now a day's challenges require sustainable solutions – ZF offers state-of-the-art applications systems, smart products and drivetrain solutions. Global trends like urbanization, environmental preservation, strength performance and digitalization are met through innovative approaches. ZF's design-primarily based totally creation kits are flexible, tailored and custom designed for every character application.
ZF Gearbox
Manual gearbox
8-Speed Automatic Transmission – ZF
How Does a ZF 8 Speed Transmission Work?
ZF Friedrichshafen AG, also known as ZF Group, originally Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen, and commonly abbreviated to ZF (ZF = "Zahnradfabrik" = "Cogwheel Factory"), is a German car parts maker headquartered in Friedrichshafen, in the south-west German state of Baden-Württemberg.
There are two fundamental types of motor vehicle transmission:
Manual – the driver has to perform each gear change (i.e., the driver is required to shift gears)
Automatic – once placed in drive (or any other 'automatic' selector position), it selects the gear ratio dependent on engine speed and load automatically.
Furthermore, they may also be manufactured solely as a gearbox, and use an entirely separate final drive unit (including its differential) – or be supplied as a transaxle, which includes both the gearbox and final drive unit within one housing.
Basically, a manual transmission is a gear box that permits the driver to select among distinctive gear ratios to pressure the car. Lower gear ratios provide extra torque, however much less speed, whilst better tools ratios provide much less torque, however better speed. Different gear ratios are regularly referred to as "speeds," so a "six-speed" manual transmission has six forward tools ratios.
At its simplest, the manual transmission includes 3 shafts with constantly-intermeshed gears of various sizes. The input shaft connects to the engine, thru the clutch. The countershaft is constantly meshed with the input shaft and has more than one gears. The output shaft connects the countershaft to the driveshaft and subsequently the wheels. In four-wheel force and all-wheel force vehicles, the output shaft connects to the switch case first. Reverse gear is generally on a fourth shaft to impact a alternate in direction.
Types of Manual Gearbox
There are 3 types of manual gearboxes used since the introduction of the transmission that are-
Sliding Mesh Gearbox
Sliding Mesh Gearbox is the oldest type of gear box used. In thistype of gearbox shifting occurs by the sliding of gears over the splined main-shaft in order to mesh with the appropriate gear on the lay-shaft whose one gear is in constant mesh with the clutch shaft gear in order to carry rotational motion for the conversion(high torque or high speed)as required by the drive, this gearbox requires special technique for the shifting that is usually known as double-declutching and also the meshing was so noisy and harsh ,that gives rise to the development of new gearbox system.
Note-They were usually came with max of 3-speed manual shifts.
Constant Mesh Gearbox
Constant Mesh Gearbox is the modified version of the later which was introduced to over the limitations of the later, in this type all the gears on the main-shaft, lay-shaft and clutch-shaft are in constant mesh with each other and the selection of the appropriate gear is done by the special meshing devices known as dog clutches which slides over the splined main-shaft in order to select the appropriate gear as need by the drive.
Constant Mesh Gearbox system flushes away the double-de-clutching problem and made the drive less noisy as the spur gears of the sliding mesh is replaced with the helical or bevel gears , but the shifting of gear is still not smooth and also there is a lot of wear and tear of the dog clutches due to the different rotational speed of the shafts while meshing, which leads to the high maintenance.
Note – They came with 4 or 5-speed 1-reverse manual shift configuration.
Synchromesh Gearbox
Synchromesh Gearbox is the latest type of gearbox used from decades as this system overcomes all the limitations provided by the constant mesh gearbox or sliding mesh gearbox and also improves the output capabilities of the manual transmission system, in this type the dog clutches from the constant mesh gearbox is replaced by the synchromesh devices which first bring the main-shaft and lay-shaft at same speed by the frictional contact, then meshing of the appropriate gear occurs which makes the system smooth and also decreases the maintenance of the gearbox, today this system usually comes with 5-speed 1-reverse manual transmission configuration.
Note- They are coming with 5-speed 1-reverse configuration.
An automatic transmission is a multi-speed transmission used in motor vehicles that does not require any driver input to change gears under normal driving conditions. The most common type of automatic transmission is the hydraulic automatic, which uses a planetary gearset, hydraulic controls, and a torque convertor.
The traditional automatic transmission is likewise referred to as torque converter automatic and it's far the regularly used self-shifting technology across maximum vehicles. It makes use of a hydraulic fluid coupling or a torque converter to do the process of converting gears in preference to a clutch.
Types of Automatic Transmission
Automatic Transmission is four types flowing below points.
Automated Manual Transmission (AMT)
You might be quite familiar with this name as it is one of the most common Automatic Transmission available in India. The most successful in the Indian market but it doesn't make it the best.
Automated Manual Transmission uses a myriad of hydraulic systems linked to an ECU which changes gear depending on the current RPM of the car. It as being a manual transmission that works on its own, hence the name. Most cars offer you the choice of ignoring the automated gearshift and allow you to change the gear manually.
Using the same system as a manual transmission makes it both cheaper and less complicated to work with. The ECU then operates the hydraulic systems present inside the engine. The ECU with its factory set reading of gear shift at certain RPM makes the hydraulic systems work thus shifting the gears.
Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)
Continuously Variable Transmission is the up and coming Automatic transmission system in India. Having infinite gear ratio is its biggest advantage over other transmission options.
Continuously Variable Transmission or continuously variable transmission employs the use of belts and pulleys to have an infinite gear ratio. In the case of Continuously Variable Transmission, fuel efficiency is the best in class as the engine is always working at the RPM where it'll be efficient due to infinite gear ratio changing themselves whenever necessary.
Dual Clutch Transmission
With its multiple clutches, shafts, and gears, Dual Clutch Transmission might be one of the extra complicated transmission systems. It gives each high-pace gear shifts along the performance equal to a guide transmission Dual Clutch Transmission has been slowly growing in the Indian market. Given different names by different companies using it, Dual Clutch Transmission is the basic names it's known by. Volkswagen calls it DSG, Porsche PDK.
Dual Clutch Transmission in simple terms can be described as two manual transmissions that are automatically controlled. The working is far more intricate so let's get to it.
Intelligent Manual Transmission (iMT)
Another variant of Automated Manual Transmission the Intelligent Manual Transmission (that's the call it's now no longer a typo) additionally makes use of guide transmission as its base and makes it automatic. In the case of an Intelligent Manual Transmission, you're in manipulate of the gearbox as a normal manual transmission but you manipulate the gears at the same time as the auto controls the clutch.
If you remember the biggest issue about AMT was its random gear changes. Intelligent Manual Transmission, however, picks this fault and provides you with full control over the gear shifting. This common ground between manual and automatic is sure to please any manual transmission lover.
With the help on an Intention sensor on the gear shift stick the Hyundai's iMT knows when you are about to switch gears. When the sensor gets a reading from the TGS it actuates the clutch thus preparing itself for a gear shift. This allows the driver to shift gears without taking care of the clutch as its automatically pressed by the car itself.
Innovation by reduction: efficiency, perfected
With the development of the new 8-speed automatic transmission by ZF, the focus is not on the number of speeds but rather on the minimization of fuel consumption. The new 8HP 8-speed automatic transmission, which was designed to be more lightweight, sets new standards for flexibility, efficiency, and economy. It is an excellent example of how the power of innovation can create a new classic design.
New gear set design: four planetary gear sets and only five shift elements minimize the drag loss and increase the transmission efficiency.
Optional hydraulic impulse oil storage (HIS) opens up the possibility of the start-stop function and increases the fuel savings potential.
Basic transmission can be combined with multiple power take-up elements including the torque converter, the hybrid drive, and the integrated power take-up element.
Full hybrid compatibility: on the basis of the parallel hybrid concept, mild, full and plug-in hybrid systems can be implemented with the basic transmission of the 8-speed automatic transmission.
The transmission is compatible with the following all-wheel-drive concepts: All-wheel drive center differential integrated, integrated all-wheel drive system (IAS©), hang-on all-wheel-drive
For input torque range from 300 to 1000 newton meter
Multidisk separation of brakes
Optimized cooling: less cooling oil for low system pressures, more cooling oil for high system pressures
Automatic idle shift system at vehicle standstill and engaged service break (stand-by control)
Most transmission systems focus on improving power ratios to become more effective at transferring power from the engine to the wheels. The ZF 8 Speed transmission took a different approach. Rather than increasing the gearbox's range of operation, ZF decided to focus on minimising fuel consumption by reducing weight and increase flexibility by engineering it to be compatible with a wide range of vehicle types.
Like any transmission, the ZF requires regular servicing in order to function at peak performance. More often than not, a proper diagnosis of a transmission problem requires that the transmission be at least partially disassembled. With a high-quality gearbox like the ZF 8 Speed, the last thing you want is for an inexperienced technician to take the ZF gearbox apart and then realise that they can't put it back together or fix the problem.
How Does CVT Transmission Work
What Is Synchromesh Gearbox
Distributorless Ignition System (DIS)
Multi-Plate Clutch
Cone Clutch
What is Steering Gear box


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It is a desktop application for the creation of pneumatic circuit diagrams.


text:
void pass::stopwatch::start() noexcept
{
  start_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
}

std::chrono::nanoseconds pass::stopwatch::get_elapsed() const noexcept
{
  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(
      std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time);
}