text:
#ifndef _AKIMAGESOURCE_H_
#define _AKIMAGESOURCE_H_

#include <AK/Tools/Common/AkVectors.h>
#include <AK/Tools/Common/AkListBare.h>

#ifdef _WIN64
#define AK_RUNTIME 1
#endif

const int MIRROR_COUNT				= 6;

class AkPortalLink
{
public:
	AkPortalLink():
		m_BoxID(-1),
		m_FaceID(-1)
	{
	}

	AkPortalLink(
		AkInt32						in_BoxID,
		AkInt32						in_FaceID,
		AkBoundingBox				in_Opening):
		m_BoxID(in_BoxID),
		m_FaceID(in_FaceID),
		m_Opening(in_Opening)
	{
	}

	AkInt32							m_BoxID;
	AkInt32							m_FaceID;
	AkBoundingBox					m_Opening;
};

class AkImageSourceReflector
{
public:
	AkImageSourceReflector();
	AkImageSourceReflector(
		Ak3DVector					in_p1,
		Ak3DVector					in_p2,
		Ak3DVector					in_p4,
		AkUInt32					in_uMaterialID
		);

	~AkImageSourceReflector();

	AKRESULT Set(
		Ak3DVector					in_p1,
		Ak3DVector					in_p2,
		Ak3DVector					in_p4,
		AkUInt32					in_uMaterialID
		);

	AKRESULT Reflect(
		Ak3DVector					in_p,
		Ak3DVector&					out_p
		) const;

	bool UpdatePortal(
		const AkPlane&				in_PlaneB,
		AkBoundingBox&				out_BoundingBox
		);

	AkUInt32 GetMaterialID() const
	{
		return m_uMaterialID;
	}

	const AkPlane GetPlane() const
	{
		return m_Plane;
	}

private:

	AkUInt32						m_uMaterialID;

	AkMatrix4x4						m_pReflectionMatrix;

	AkPlane							m_Plane;
};

enum AkImageSourceBoxState
{
	AkImageSourceBox_Unused,
	AkImageSourceBox_Used
};

struct AkAcousticPortalParams
{
	AkAcousticPortalParams() :
		fDensity(0.f),
		fDiffusion(0.f)
	{}

	AkReal32						fDensity;
	AkReal32						fDiffusion;
};

class AkSynthSpaceAllocManager
{
public:
	static AkSynthSpaceAllocManager* Create(AK::IAkPluginMemAlloc * in_pAllocator)
	{
		AKASSERT(!m_pInstance);
		AKASSERT(in_pAllocator);
		m_pInstance = (AkSynthSpaceAllocManager *)AK_PLUGIN_NEW(in_pAllocator, AkSynthSpaceAllocManager(in_pAllocator));
		return m_pInstance;
	}

	static AkSynthSpaceAllocManager* Instance()
	{
		return m_pInstance;
	}

	static void Destroy(AK::IAkPluginMemAlloc * in_pAllocator = NULL)
	{
		if (m_pInstance)
		{
			AKASSERT(in_pAllocator);
			if (in_pAllocator)
			{
				AK_PLUGIN_DELETE(in_pAllocator, m_pInstance);
				m_pInstance = NULL;
			}
		}
	}

	AK::IAkPluginMemAlloc * GetAllocator(void)
	{
		return m_pAllocator;
	};

private:
	AkSynthSpaceAllocManager(AK::IAkPluginMemAlloc * in_pAllocator):
		m_pAllocator(in_pAllocator)
	{};

	static AkSynthSpaceAllocManager* m_pInstance;
	AK::IAkPluginMemAlloc * m_pAllocator;
};

class AkAcousticPortal
{
public:

	struct AkSynthSpaceAllocator
	{
		static /*AkForceInline*/ void * Alloc(size_t in_uSize)
		{
			return AkSynthSpaceAllocManager::Instance()->GetAllocator()->Malloc(in_uSize);
		}

		static /*AkForceInline*/ void Free(void * in_pAddress)
		{
			AkSynthSpaceAllocManager::Instance()->GetAllocator()->Free(in_pAddress);
		}
	};
	typedef AkArray< void*, void*, AkSynthSpaceAllocator, 2 > BufferArray;

	typedef AkArray<AkPortalLink, AkPortalLink&, AkSynthSpaceAllocator, 10> AkPortalLinkDatabase;
	typedef AkArray<AkBoundingBox, const AkBoundingBox&, AkSynthSpaceAllocator, 10> AkBoundingBoxList;

	AkAcousticPortal() :
		m_ID(0),
		m_State(AkImageSourceBox_Unused)
	{
	}
	~AkAcousticPortal(){};

	void Init(
		const Ak3DVector &		in_center,
		const Ak3DVector &		in_size,
		const Ak3DVector &		in_Front,
		const Ak3DVector &		in_Up,
		const AkAcousticPortalParams & in_LateParams);

	void Release();

	void AddOrUpdateLink(AkPortalLink& in_link)
	{
		bool found = false;
		for (AkPortalLinkDatabase::Iterator it = m_LinkDB.Begin(); it != m_LinkDB.End() && !found; ++it)
		{
			AkPortalLink& link = static_cast<AkPortalLink&>(*it);
			if (link.m_BoxID == in_link.m_BoxID &&
				link.m_FaceID == in_link.m_FaceID)
			{
				link.m_Opening.Update(in_link.m_Opening.m_Min);
				link.m_Opening.Update(in_link.m_Opening.m_Max);
				found = true;
			}
		}

		if (!found)
		{
			m_LinkDB.AddLast(in_link);
		}
	}

	void FindIntersections(AkUInt32 in_ListenerBox, AkUInt32 in_EmmiterBox, AkBoundingBoxList& out_portalList)
	{
		bool emmiterBoxFound = false;

		for (AkPortalLinkDatabase::Iterator it = m_LinkDB.Begin(); it != m_LinkDB.End() && emmiterBoxFound != true; ++it)
		{
			const AkPortalLink& link = static_cast<AkPortalLink>(*it);
			if (link.m_BoxID == (AkInt32)in_EmmiterBox)
			{
				emmiterBoxFound = true;
			}
		}

		if (emmiterBoxFound)
		{
			for (AkPortalLinkDatabase::Iterator it = m_LinkDB.Begin(); it != m_LinkDB.End() && emmiterBoxFound != false; ++it)
			{
				const AkPortalLink& link = static_cast<AkPortalLink>(*it);
				if (link.m_BoxID == (AkInt32)in_ListenerBox)
				{
					out_portalList.AddLast(link.m_Opening);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	bool IsUsed() const { return m_State == AkImageSourceBox_Used; }
	bool IsAvailable() const { return m_State != AkImageSourceBox_Used; }
	AkUInt32 GetID() const { return m_ID; }

	const AkBox	& GetBox() const { return m_Box; }

private:
	AkInt32							m_ID;
	AkBox							m_Box;
	AkImageSourceBoxState			m_State;
	AkAcousticPortalParams			m_PortalParams;

	AkPortalLinkDatabase			m_LinkDB;

};

class AkImageSourceBox
{
public:
	AkImageSourceBox() :
		m_ID(0),
		m_State(AkImageSourceBox_Unused)
	{
	}
	~AkImageSourceBox(){};

	void Init(
		const Ak3DVector &		in_center,
		const Ak3DVector &		in_size,
		const Ak3DVector &		in_Front,
		const Ak3DVector &		in_Up,
		const AkUInt32			in_DiffuseReverberator,
		AkInt32					in_wall_mask,
		AkUInt32*				in_AcousticTextures,
		AkInt32					in_startIndex);

	void Release();

	void ModePosition(
		Ak3DVector				in_p,
		Ak3DVector&				out_p1,
		AkUInt16				in_i1
		) const;

	void ModePosition(
		Ak3DVector				in_p,
		Ak3DVector				in_mode,
		Ak3DVector&				out_p1,
		Ak3DVector&				out_p2,
		AkUInt16				in_i1,
		AkUInt16				in_i2) const;

	void Reflect(
		AkInt32					in_index,
		Ak3DVector				in_p,
		Ak3DVector&				out_p) const;

	AkUInt32 GetMaterialID(
		AkInt32					in_index) const;

	bool FindIntersections(AkAcousticPortal* in_portal);

	void SetCrossSectionsPerFace(AkAcousticPortal* in_portal);

	bool SeparatingAxisExists(
		const Ak3DVector& in_Axis,
		const AkBox& in_Box);

	AkUInt32 GetDiffuseReverberator() const;

	bool IsUsed() const { return m_State == AkImageSourceBox_Used; }
	bool IsAvailable() const { return m_State != AkImageSourceBox_Used; }
	AkUInt32 GetID() const { return m_ID; }

	const AkBox	GetBox() const { return m_Box; };

private:
	AkInt32							m_ID;
	AkBox							m_Box;
	AkImageSourceReflector			m_ImageSourceReflector[MIRROR_COUNT];
	AkImageSourceBoxState			m_State;
	AkUInt32						m_DiffuseReverberator;
};

#endif // _AKIMAGESOURCE_H_


text:
Essay Days
Good essay samples
How united was the Civil Rights movement from 1865 to 1992?
During the years from 1865 to 1992, many groups and individuals worked as part of the Civil Rights Movement. At times, these groups worked successfully together to bring about positive change for African Americans. However, due to the diversity of the different groups involved in the movement, there were also divisions. These divisions were caused by differences in the ideas of leaders of the movement, different techniques used by the Civil Rights groups and opposing aims within the movement.The aims of the Civil Rights Movement were important, as it would have been most successful at times when all the groups involved were working towards a clear common aim. The main period of division was the 1960s, and this was largely due to the differing aims of Martin Luther King and Malcolm X, two key individuals in the movement.
Martin Luther King's main aim was to bring about desegregation in the South, and for black people to have the same rights as white people. This was a complete contrast the views of Malcolm X, who believed economic change was more important than desegregation, and called for a separate black state, showing that he didn't feel it was possible for African Americans to gain equality in the same way that Martin Luther King did. While King believed strongly in the importance of non-violent action, partly due to religious reasons, Malcolm X felt that violence used for "self defence" was acceptable. The ideas of these two very different men contradicted each other, which caused tension within the movement and meant there was a lack of unity during the 1960s. However, as both men began to acknowledge each other, their views changed slightly and moved closer towards a kind of middle ground, showing that, although they were divided, there could have been the potential for a much more united movement during the 1960s.In many ways, Malcolm X's ideas were similar to those of Marcus Garvey, a Civil Rights activist in the late 19th and early 20th century who believed that social and economic change were the most significant factors in achieving equal rights. Garvey's "Back to Africa" campaign shows that he felt African Americans would not be able to achieve equality in America, an idea that continued into the 1960s, and clearly influenced Malcolm X.
Although Booker T. Washington had also mentioned a return to Africa and in some cases held similar views, he was much less radical and outspoken than Garvey, which could hint at divisions very early on in the Civil Rights Movement.It wasn't just the aims of individuals that were important, as a number of organisations played a very important role in helping to advance the Civil Rights Movement. Despite differences in their methods, the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NAACP) and the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) were both working towards desegregation, showing an element of unity between the two organisations. This is a contrast to the situation in the 1960s, as the aims of Martin Luther King's SCLC were completely different to those of the Black Power groups, such as the Black Panthers. Like Malcolm X, the Black Panthers believed that economic change was vital, and develop a ten point plan on which their activities were based. Some of these ideas, such as full employment for black people, were beneficial, but the militancy and ideas of black supremacy held by the group contradicted the views of Martin Luther King, and gave the Civil Rights Movement a more negative public image, which lasted into the 1970s.
A turning point for the Civil Rights Movement was 1965, as after this point the movement became noticeably more militant. The Selma march in 1965 had caused tension within the movement, as Jamie Lee Jackson was murdered as a result of the SCLC march, and protesters were treated violently. When King agreed to cut short a planned march to the Governor's office, he was accused of being timid, and even his own supporters started to turn against him. This was the start of serious divisions within the movement. SNNC had started to become slightly more militant, as they became frustrated with the lack of progress the non violent action was making. A more significant development was the formation of the Black Panthers in 1966. Led by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, the group were obviously much more militant than any previous Civil Rights group.
To SCLC supporters, the formation of the Black Panthers, who openly used violence, seemed like a step back from the progress that had been made. The Black Panthers had clearly been influenced by both Malcolm X and Marcus Garvey, as they focused on a sense of cultural pride, although this was rather extreme, as they leaned towards the idea of separation. The Black Panthers attracted members from SNCC, which showed just how divided the movement had become by this point, as SNCC had always been associated with the SCLC and non-violent action.The events at Selma and the formation of the Black Panthers showed a significant change from the situation in the early 1960s.
Before 1965, the SCLC and SNCC had worked together using non-violent direct direction, such as marches and sit-ins to tackle the issue of segregation. Martin Luther King's strong views about non-violence had helped give the Civil Rights Movement a more popular image, and helped the movement makes progress. For example, during the 1963 protests in Birmingham, Alabama, the police in the city used violence against the protesters, who didn't retaliate, which made the authorities seem like the group in the wrong. The subsequent negotiations led to some shops being segregated in Birmingham, and new laws helping black people find employment. This demonstrated how non-violent protest and negotiation could be used effectively, showing that there was no need for violence in the movement. Similarly, the NAACP were against the use of violence, focusing instead on legal cases, such as the Brown v. Topeka case of 1954, which highlighted the importance of the Supreme Court, and again showed that gains could be made without resorting to violence.
The early 1960s were a time when all Civil Rights groups felt they could work together, as the Council of Community Organisation was formed in 1963, creating a sense of unity between different groups. The 1963 march on Washington showed how united the movement was at this point, as the majority of Civil Rights groups took part, including the SCLC, SNCC and CORE. All the groups seemed to have a similar sense of purpose, showing that, although they may have had differing views and ideas, they were willing and able to work together, because as well as taking part, all three groups helped plan the march. The march also demonstrated how, at this point, the movement had a lot of white support, increasing the sense of unity and showing the growing popularity of the movement.The 1960s wasn't the first time there had been signs of division in the movement, as the NAACP and CORE had been seen as opposing groups since the Second World, when CORE was formed.
The NAACP focused completely on taking the legal route, presenting cases of discrimination to the Supreme Court in order to get desegregation and acts of racism declared unconstitutional. This contrasts with the more direct approach of CORE, who, while not supporting violent action at this point, used more direct forms of protest than the NAACP. CORE were generally more confrontational than the NAACP, and this could have caused divisions during the 1940s, as this was when the Supreme Court started to support the movement, so the NAACP wouldn't have wanted CORE to undo the progress they had made. This division didn't continue, a CORE faded from the movement during the Cold War years, and the NAACP became more dominant, being responsible for successful cases such as the Brown v. Topeka case of 1954, which proved that using legal cases was successful and useful to the movement, as well as highlighting the importance of the Supreme Court in advancing Civil Rights. However, as the SCLC became more prominent during the late 1950s, there were tensions between the two groups, particularly following the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1957, as the NAACP saw Martin Luther King and the SCLC as too confrontational.
There was a lack of unity between the two groups, despite the fact that the SCLC wanted to cooperate with the NAACP over common issues, such as voting rights.Later on in the movement, towards the 1980s and 1990s, many of these groups faded away, like CORE had done during the Cold War. Groups that had been hugely influential from the 1950s to the start of the 1970s, such as the SNNC and Black Panthers, no longer existed, and although the SCLC still existed, it hadn't adapted and its style wasn't suitable for the 1980s and 1990s.
Only the NAACP was still active and successful, and could be seen as the dominant group, as they had been during the 1950s. This meant that there weren't divisions in the movement, as there weren't really any opposing Civil Rights groups. However the cooperation of the Supreme Court was still crucial to the success of the NAACP, and it could be said that if they weren't united in some way with the movement, it would have been difficult for further progress to be made.The divisions in the movement weren't just because of different views about how black people should achieve equal rights. The main reason that divisions in the movement formed was the difference between the North and the South. In the South, desegregation was an important issue for black people, as it was a problem well into the 1960s.
Voting Rights were also important, as African Americans living in the South had always faced difficulty voting, as they were subjected to unfair tests or faced intimidation from anti rights groups such as the Ku Klux Klan. These problems didn't apply to black people living in the North, who instead faced the problems of poverty, de facto segregation in housing and unequal education. Groups such as the SCLC and NAACP were formed and based in the South, dealing predominately with the issues that applied to Southern blacks, making them irrelevant to black people in the North. Also, State governments in the South were less sympathetic to the movement, so issued had to be dealt with careful, perhaps in a different way to in the North. Similarly, groups that were active in the North, such as CORE and later the Black Panthers dealt largely with economic and housing problems, and had little in common with the Civil Rights groups of the South.
This shows that is was difficult to have a completely united movement, as the situations in the North and South were so different, and that there was no one approach that would be relevant to both areas. This could suggest that none of the methods used by any Civil Rights group was wrong, as they were simply trying to find a form of protest or campaigning that was relevant to the area they were active in.The advancement of African American Civil Rights wasn't just dependent on the unity of the movement itself. It also relied on the cooperation on the President, Congress and the Supreme Court.
The reason that the Civil Rights Movement was so successful during the 1960s, despite the divisions within the movement, was because for the first time, the President, Congress and the Supreme Court were all united in helping to advance the movement. Since the 1640s the Supreme Court had been sympathetic towards the Civil Rights Movement, and was particularly significant in helping abolish segregation in the South. President Kennedy was one of the first Presidents to take such an interest in the movement since President Roosevelt in the 1930s. this had a significant impact, as Kennedy's involvement led to the Civil Rights bill being drafted, and later being passed by Johnson. Johnson continued Kennedy's support of the movement, passing the Voting Rights Act in 1965, showing his commitment to the cause of Civil Rights. For these two major pieces of legislation to be ratified, the support of Congress was essential.
At this time, Congress generally supported the ideas of Kennedy, and were willing to pass legislation to help advance Civil Rights. This could have been because of the growing popularity of the movement, or the fact that a number of protests and marches held in the early 1960s, when the movement was relatively united, had successfully raised awareness of the problem faced by black people. The cooperation of Congress continued into the 1980s, when it was very liberal and willing to pass more Civil Rights legislation, such as the 1982 Voting Rights Act, despite the fact that President Reagan wasn't cooperative like Kennedy.Even when the Federal Government wasn't united in its views towards Civil Rights, it was still possible to make progress. The same idea can be applied to the Civil Rights Movement itself, as, despite the divisions that were sometimes present, the movement was still able to make significant progress.
The lack of unity wasn't severe enough to greatly hinder the movement, and could almost be seen as a positive thing, as the differences were mainly based around the differences between North and South. The different approaches meant that all areas were being covered, and all the relevant issues were being dealt with. This made the Civil Rights Movement successful, and examples of unity, such as the 1963 march on Washington, show that despite their differences, groups within the movement could work together when they needed to.
State Civil Society Relationship Social Work Essay
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Theme of Rigorous Theme

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Oh cool! Thanks for sharing this! Finally I can shop a lot in Victoria!
Thanks for giving us the heads up on this sale! There's a Victoria's Secret near where I'll be food shopping this weekend. I'll have to browse through their catalog ahead of time to get some ideas of what I want.


text:
'Entanglement Theory' & Things Unseen
December 19, 2018 8:09 PM by Nicholas F. Benton
"There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy." This famous quote by Shakespeare from "Hamlet" is frequently used to account for the unexplainable.
Surely, we live now in an "age of reason," despite the fact that our current president is anything but reasonable in terms of policies or what constitutes reality to him. Irrationality is always an enemy of the people and it is a signature component of a bully's insistence on obedience.
Fundamentalist Christianity is a prime example, far eclipsing the Roman Catholic Church on this score which for eons had a monopoly on the practice, fighting relentlessly against the rise of science and reason during the Italian Renaissance and its successor, the French, English and American Enlightenment that produced the American Revolution and its establishment of the modern notion of democracy.
While Catholicism gradually gave ground to the compelling force of reason, fundamentalist Christianity superseded it in intensity, beginning with its deployment by the British in their so-called "Great Awakening" to curb the spread of the Enlightenment and its American Revolution with "hellfire and brimstone" preaching to lock the masses down with a fear of damnation for any action not specifically sanctioned by the crown and the ruling class.
The American founding fathers were united in their resolved opposition to the grip of fear and superstition over the lives of people, just as they touted science and reason as the keys to freeing them to live under the reign of democratic institutions. Fundamentalism, of course, denies this reality to this day, lying that the founders of America were irrational zealots like themselves.
The greatest gains in securing the long-term sustainability of America's constitutional democracy came with progress in the expansion of free, science and reason-based public education. America's strongest cornerstones of its democracy are the classrooms that teach the fundamentals of "reading, writing and arithmetic" to its new generations.
Today, the beautiful stories that are re-enacted during the holiday season are widely held to be poetic verbal and visual manifestations of the bonds of love and compassion that bind us, as a society, together. They are stories that a science and reason based culture values for their affirmations of the hopeful qualities of our human condition. They do not contradict, they complement humanity's striving to elevate the most positive traits in the interactions and improvements among us as mortal beings.
They place us in a cosmic context, entirely in keeping with our actual role in this astonishing universe in which we play out our lives. The confluence of the stars with the destiny of humankind is an affirmation of this, that the universe despite its incomprehensible vastness is not an indifferent backdrop, but our friend, in fact an advocate for us.
Stories of the holiday season, in fact, point to more profound realities than a linear concept of the extensions of time and space permit us. While eluding attempts to explain "things unseen" that are the stuff of nature and the universe, they do place our human destiny in the lap of that universe.
Still, science is only beginning to discover what have been mysterious realities of this universe, phenomena like "entangled particles" that Albert Einstein called "spooky action at a distance."
"Entangled" photons can transfer states between them spontaneously despite great distances, according to science, "taking place at a speed of at least 10,000 times the speed of light, possibly even instantaneously, regardless of distance." How much of our reality in this life is "entangled" with phenomena elsewhere, if you will, in this universe? How may action by one component of this entanglement be determinate of others in our current time-space experience?
The ancients didn't know less of our universe insofar as long as they sensed and experienced cosmic nuances of our condition. Their poetry and their imagery were often acutely profound in ways we are no better at explaining now than in their time.
Abraham's sparing of Isaac made our modern western civilization possible, a holiday season thought worth contemplating.
Nicholas Benton may be emailed at nfbenton@fcnp.com.


Toronto Police Accountability Bulletin No. 105, September 21, 2017.
In Bulletin 104 we reported on the study Toronto Police Accountability Coalition has commissioned on pre-charge screening where crown prosecutors screen charges police wish to lay. Courts in pre-charge provinces have considerably lower caseloads, an average of 22 per cent lower than the other provinces, and multi-charge cases  often a sign of over-charging - are much less frequent in pre-charge provinces. Ontario has 1.5 times as many multi-charge cases per capita as Quebec. Further, in pre-charge provinces many fewer cases are either stayed or withdrawn.
The full study and the endorsements can be found at http://tpac.ca/show_issues.cfm?id=209 and http://tpac.ca/show_issues.cfm?id=210.
TPAC has since learned that the Attorney General of Ontario, Yasir Naqvi, has undertaken two pilot projects on pre-charge screening, placing crowns in 51 Division in Toronto and in the central Ottawa police station. the crown is placed in the station to `consult with officers on a number of things: whether to charge; the appropriate charges; pre-charge release; evidence, and disclosure. These are two year pilot projects, ending in early 2019.
TPAC also commissioned a study on the use of two officers in a car, something which the collective agreement with the Toronto Police Association requires in Toronto from 4 pm to 4 am.
The study shows that two officer cars do not provide a level of safety greater than one officer patrol cars; that most calls not do require that two officers be present; that other police forces do not have the requirement that all cars must have two officers at specific times, but instead determine that two officer cars are optional.
Unfortunately there appear to be no studies about the extraordinary extra cost incurred by two officer cars, or the waste of human and financial resources they entail. It appears that two officers in a car is a good example of featherbedding which should not be tolerated.
The study can be found at http://tpac.ca/show_issues.cfm?id=213 .
TPAC will present this study to the Toronto Service Police Board on October 26 with the request that the Board state publicly that one of its objectives in collective bargaining negotiations which are about to begin, that it remove this requirement from the collective agreement with a view to both saving money and providing more efficient service.
TPAC also commissioned a study on Torontos shift schedule. The study shows that the current shift schedule has officers working 28 hours in every 24 hour period; that it requires the same number of officers to be on duty at every hour of every day and night no matter what the demand for service; that the lack of demand for services may lead officers to perform tasks which are not in the public interest; that other police forces have shift schedules which permit a variable number of officers on duty to respond to demand for service.
It seems clear that the current shift schedule does not serve the public interest, involving much higher costs than needed, and wasting police human resources.
The study can be found at http://tpac.ca/show_issues.cfm?id=212 . It will be presented to the Board on October 26 asking the Board to state publicly that one of its objectives in collective agreement negotiations, is to achieve a more reasonable shift schedule.
In February of this year the Toronto Police Services Board, with great fanfare, adopted the Transitional Task Force report which outlined a program to reform the Toronto police service. Front and centre was the commitment not to hire any new officers for the next three years, but instead allow the force to shrink by the estimated 250 officers who leave or retire each year. Another recommendation was that there would be no promotions during that three year period.
The Toronto Police Association, representing officers, began a campaign in July arguing that police were short staffed and could not respond to the demand. Negotiations then took place with the Board and senior management, and an agreement was arrived at that 80 officers would be hired, coming on board at the end of the year. But since then the pressure has intensified, and TPA has begun a campaign with officers wearing baseballs hats, not the standard police hat pushing for even more new hires.
It is clear (from the two studies cited above) that the biggest problem in the Toronto police service is not that there are too few officers, but that they are employed in ways and times when they are not available to respond to public demand. Having two officers sitting in an idle patrol car at 4 am with nothing to do is a waste of money and resources. It is unclear why the chief and the Board did not bargain about this in agreeing to 80 new hires.
At the same time, the chief appointed three new deputy chiefs, again in breach of the Transitional Task Force program. Worse, all three are internal appointments, officers who have spent their whole policing lives in the Toronto police force. It is unreasonable to expect to change the culture and the work of the Toronto police by appointing individuals who know nothing else.


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Bulbs are not included for high beam - use stock bulbs, sockets or wiring for installation. Comes with 1 pair of chrome housing smoke lens tail lights. Bulbs are not included - please use stock bulbs, sockets or wiring for installation. Video will open in a new window. Transit time does fluctuate (Mostly 3-5 Days).
The item "88-98 Chevy C/K Pickup Black Halo LED Projector Headlights+Smoke Tail Lamps" is in sale since Thursday, September 3, 2015. This item is in the category "eBay Motors\Parts & Accessories\Car & Truck Parts\Lighting & Lamps\Headlights". The seller is "k2motor" and is located in Walnut, California.


Matthew Dowd, political strategist and chief political commentator for ABC News, discussed the meaning of the election results at the Student Activity Center.
Many nationwide polls didn't predict Donald Trump would win the presidency, but Matthew Dowd, a political strategist and chief political commentator for ABC News, said he saw Trump's victory coming.
At a lecture hosted Thursday by the UT Center for Politics and Governance in partnership with the New Politics Forum at the Annette Strauss Institute for Civic Life, Dowd unraveled the meaning behind the election results and analyzed what might lie in America's political future. Dowd said every 75 to 80 years, there is a major change in history when institutions do not meet the demands of society, resulting in great shifts.
Dowd said some voters wanted a change after 15 to 20 years of policies that did not cater to their needs. Dowd said this need for change influenced many white working- and middle-class individuals to vote for Trump.
As technology advances and values change, political parties need to adapt to voters' evolving mindsets, Dowd said.
Dowd started the website ListenTo.Us to help establish and promote the policy issues most Americans agree on. UTCPG executive director Ryan Streeter said ListenTo.Us is a way for civilians to get involved in politics.
"It's an effort to get people together to build consensus around ideas and issues that help people put country over party," Streeter said.
Psychology freshman Tyana Nixon, who attended the lecture, said Dowd's focus on the good of the country over party preference was insightful, especially in the wake of the election.


text:
Harald Grønningen (Lensvik, 1934. október 9. – Lensvik, 2016. augusztus 26.) kétszeres olimpiai bajnok norvég sífutó.

Pályafutása
Az 1960-as Squaw Valley-i téli olimpián ezüstérmet szerzett 4 × 10 km-es váltóban. Az 1964-es innsbrucki téli olimpián ezüstérmet szerzett 15 km-es és 30 km-es sífutásban. Az 1968-as Grenoble-i téli olimpián aranyérmet nyert 15 km-es sífutásban és 4 × 10 km-es váltóban.

Az 1962-es zakopanei világbajnokságon ezüstérmes volt 15 km-es sífutásban, majd négy év múlva az oslói világbajnokságon aranyérmes lett 4 × 10 km-es váltóban.

Sikerei, díjai
 Olimpiai játékok
 aranyérmes (2): 1968, Grenoble – 15 km, 1968, Grenoble – 4 × 10 km, váltó
 ezüstérmes (3): 1960, Squaw Valley – 4 × 10 km, váltó, 1964, Innsbruck – 15 km, 1964, Innsbruck – 30 km
 Világbajnokság
 aranyérmes: 1966, Oslo – 4 × 10 km, váltó
 ezüstérmes: 1962, Zakopane – 15 km

Jegyzetek

Források

1934-ben született személyek
2016-ban elhunyt személyek
Norvég sífutók
Norvég olimpiai bajnokok
Olimpiai bajnokok (1968)
Olimpiai bajnokok (sífutás)
Norvég olimpiai ezüstérmesek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package com.github.thbrown.actionrecorder;

public enum ButtonAction {
	START_RECORDING,
	STOP_RECORDING,
	REPLAY
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The field is added once for every profile.
+A new protocol mechanism supported: Two ringbuffers in shared memory.
+the additional SHM ringbuffer channel.
+This command also has ancillary data (two eventfds attached to it).
+Must be directly followed by a memblock which is the ringbuffer memory.
+PA_COMMAND_ENABLE_SRBCHANNEL back (without ancillary or memblock data).
+Tells the client to stop listening on the additional SHM ringbuffer channel.
+Acked by client by sending PA_COMMAND_DISABLE_SRBCHANNEL back.
## internals, so if you changed these, you might have broken module-tunnel.


text:
Despite having a prominent role as the bartender Weasel in the first two superhero movies, Miller, 41, confirmed he will not be working with Reynolds in the third sequel.
When Deadpool said, "Let's take one more," it was a truly strange moment "the native of Colorado asserted.
To me, he meant horrifyingly.
We can skip the actual movie and come back after you simply say it's funny.
I didn't find it bothersome, however I simply listened and found it odd, after which I left the stage.
"Because he is so good in Deadpool, I wish him well and find it strange that he despises me.
On September 27, Reynolds announced that longtime friend Hugh Jackman will be joining the ensemble as Wolverine.
Reynolds' superman and 53-year-old Jackman shared a closing scene in one movie.
"We're really bummed to miss D23, but we've been working hard on the next Deadpool movie for a long time," the Adam Project star said in the footage.
Twentieth Century Fox produced the preceding Deadpool motion pictures, which took place in the same canon as the other X-Men movies.


TOMS RIVER, NJ: Yashi, a Nexstar subsidiary, is now expanding its services as a part of its growth strategy by collaborating with Highwinds Network, reinforcing its infrastructure while increasing the speed of product delivery. Through this partnership, Yashi will also be exploring the capabilities of Highwind's StrikeTracker CDN portal. The StrikeTracker platform manages CDN, cloud storage and other configuration with additional security options.
Yashi integrates location focused video advertising platform with real time bidding to enable customers to bid, based on auction, site, device and user data, thereby enabling them to target communities across the country. Additionally, the Demand Side platform lets advertisers to customize pre-roll videos based on different criteria.
"Our clients have always appreciated our ability to fill video inventory rapidly, but with Highwinds we are seeing load times that are much faster on average than our previous solution. Highwinds adds even more horsepower to our ad serving technology to further reduce latency with a comprehensive and cost-effective CDN solution," says Larry Nolan, Head of Technology, Yashi.
In these initiatives the partnership is targeting to undertake; the speed of content delivery is critical. Publishers want to ensure that bounce rate and user experience are not affected by stalled delivery, whereas advertisers need to capture viewer attention to ensure that their message is being transmitted to an active audience.
"When it comes to providing clients with top quality service, Highwinds and Yashi share the same mission," "The massive scale of our network combined with advanced route optimization techniques provides the performance and scale that Yashi needs to best serve its clients," elucidates Rich Day, President, Highwinds.


Directly south of La Ceiba, the Cordillera Nombre de Dios shelters the Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, a remote expanse of tropical broadleaf forest, cloudforest and – in its southern reaches, above the Río Aguan valley – pine forest. Taking its name from the awe-inspiring bulk of Pico Bonito (2435m), the park is the source of twenty rivers, including the Zacate, Bonito and Cangrejal, which cascade majestically down the mountains' steep, thickly tree-covered slopes. The park also provides sanctuary for an abundance of wildlife, including armadillos, howler and spider monkeys, pumas and ocelots. The lower fringes are the most easily accessible, with a few trails laid out through the dense greenery.
The easiest way to get into the park is to enter via the luxury Lodge at Pico Bonito, a world-class jungle lodge with bungalow accommodation, gourmet cuisine, a pool and a sublime setting in the foothills of the forest reserve. Trails from the lodge snake up through the tree cover to a lookout from where Utila is visible, and down to beautiful river bathing pools. You don't have to be a guest at the lodge to access the park and trails, but you will have to pay a US$33 fee, which includes lunch and a guide.
The Río Cangrejal, which forms the eastern boundary of the park, boasts some of the best rapids in Central America; whitewater rafting and kayaking trips are organized by tour companies. There are also some magnificent swimming spots, backed by gorgeous mountain scenery, along the river valley.


text:
Orlando Pride snaps 15-game winless streak with 2-1 win over Sky Blue
The Pride win their first game of 2019 and first under coach Marc Skinner
The Orlando Pride's winless streak is finally over after a wild game.
Marisa Viggiano dribbled past a number of Sky Blue defenders and toward the byline.
Viggiano crossed the ball back into the box, hoping to find a Pride forward.
Instead, her cross hit Sky Blue defender Gina Lewandowski's leg and it trickled past goalkeeper Didi Haracic and into her own net in the 81st minute.
Lewandowski's own goal was the difference as the Pride snapped their 15-game winless streak with a 2-1 win over Sky Blue on Saturday in New Jersey.
The last time the Pride won a contest before Saturday was on July 14 against Utah Royals FC 2-1.
The victory against Sky Blue is also Pride coach Marc Skinner's first with the club.
It was a contest which saw two handballs called for penalties, one for each team, and Lewandowski's own goal.
Skinner said he did not celebrate the second goal because the goal was not by design. The situation called for Viggiano to switch the play to the right side of the field.
Instead, she decided to improvise and it led to the game-winning goal, to the relief of Skinner.
"I said to Marisa, she made me look a bit stupid," Skinner said. "The goals were obviously scrappy and all over the place, but we've been on the end of too many of the negative sides of that, so I think we deserved the [win.]"
Orlando forward Chioma Ubogagu opened the scoring in the 32nd minute.
The Pride (1-2-7, 5 points) were awarded a penalty after a well-worked short corner.
Carson Pickett received the ball, cut inside and ripped a shot that went off a Sky Blue defender's hand in the penalty box.
Ubogagu had a short run up to the ball and hit a low shot into the right corner, giving the Pride the lead. It is Ubogagu's first goal of the season.
Sky Blue (0-2-7, 2 points) equalized in the second half when Orlando defender Morgan Reid was called for a handball.
Sarah Killion converted her penalty in the 67th minute.
Both teams pushed forward in the final 20 minutes, looking for the game-winning goal.
It was Viggiano's persistence taking on multiple defenders which proved to be the difference.
Skinner is hopeful the team is starting to turn a corner. He said he is asking a lot from a team whose best players are playing at the Women's World Cup.
Consistency is paramount.
Last week's performance in a 2-2 draw against Houston Dash and Saturday's win are results that should instill confidence.
"The thing I've asked the group to define is what the future Pride looks like and we got that [on Saturday,]" Skinner said. "The psychology of the team, not the performance — it wasn't great and it wasn't anything that will be a future Pride performance — but their resilience, their defending and the will to play for the club is what came out."
Related TopicsChioma UbogagufeaturedMarc SkinnerNWSLOrlando PrideSky Blue FC
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Top 20 NBA Free Agents
by: Josh Gotthelf November 28, 2011
Now we can talk about the fun stuff – actual basketball. The next few weeks are going to be crazy, with teams racing to get ready for the season while adding a ton of new faces to their rosters at the same time.
We all know about next year's monster free agents, Chris Paul and Dwight Howard. But there are some nice players available now you'd love to have on your squad.
Here are my top 20 available free agents. They are not ranked based on how good I think they are. They're ranked on their ability to help your team win a title and their value (production vs. cost). Also, this list does not include guys who may potentially be made available via the amnesty rule (Brandon Roy, Baron Davis, Rashard Lewis, etc.).
Restricted free agents are marked with an asterisk.
20. Glen Davis – Big Baby is a great energy guy who can play a vital role for lots of teams coming off the bench. When we saw him this summer, he looked like he was in shape. Considering the Celtics barely have a starting five currently signed, it would be in their best interest to keep Davis in the fold.
19. Kris Humphries – Last season Humphries averaged 10 points, 10 rebounds and about a block per game. Consistent double-doubles don't grow on trees. If a team is willing to take on the Kardashian media circus that will inevitably be following him for the foreseeable future, he'd be a solid addition.
18. Samuel Dalembert – On paper, a seven-footer who can run, jump, block shots and knock down the occasional 10-footer is like gold. In reality, Sammy D has never come close to putting it all together. Some team out there though thinks that they're smart enough to get him in a position to succeed.
17. Thaddeus Young *– He doesn't rebound or defend like a guy with his size and athleticism should, but anyone who saw his performance in last year's playoff series against the Heat knows that Thad could be a special player.
16. Shane Battier – How much do other NBA players love Battier's game? When Kevin Durant is openly recruiting you in front of the entire world, you know Battier's in a great spot to pick and choose where he wants to play.
15. Nick Young *– There's zero doubt that Nick Young can put the ball in the basket. But can ever do everything else that's required to be a full-time impactful NBA player? Teams looking for scoring punch off the pine will surely take a chance in Young.
14. Jeff Green *– His basketball IQ is off the charts and his teammates rave about his skill level, even if he doesn't jump out at you when you're watching one of his game. Just an awesome guy to have in the lineup.
13. Rodney Stuckey *– Because he's been stranded in the wasteland that is Detroit Pistons basketball, people forget that Stuckey is one of the most explosive guards in the League.
12. Carl Landry – Just like you the thought that you can't have too many shooters, you also can't have too many warriors. Landry is the NBA's ultimate warrior. And he can score a little too.
11. Arron Afflalo *– Afflalo really started to come into his own last year with the Denver Nuggets, both as a defender and as a perimeter scoring threat. Every team needs versatile guys like Afflalo who can match up with opponents like LeBron, Wade and Melo.
10. Wilson Chandler *– Super athletic and all the talent in the world. If he can put it all together with some consistency, he's a great 5th or 6th man for a contender.
9. Caron Butler – Injuries have killed him, but he may be the most talented ballplayer on this entire list.
8. David West – One of the best shooting big men in the game, which is a big plus as he enters later years of his career.
7. Jamal Crawford – Very few players in the league can create their own shot off the dribble as well as Crawford. A natural scorer. What team wouldn't want him as their first guard off the bench?
6. J.R. Smith – Like Barea, he's a game-changer. Has range out to 28 feet. Super athletic and scores buckets in a hurry. The 2011 version of The Microwave. There were all sorts of reports about Smith severely injuring his knee in China last week. We'll see how healthy he is once he starts talking to NBA teams.
5. Tyson Chandler – Has settled into his role as a very solid rebounder, defender, and pick-and-roll center. Finally looks 100% comfortable on the floor.
4. DeAndre Jordan *– A ton of potential as a rebounder and shot-blocker. Doesn't need the ball in his hands to make a contribution. Perfect alongside Blake Griffin. The Clippers would be crazy to let him go.
3. J.J. Barea – The Devin Hester of the NBA. A true game-changer. Creates match-up problems and gives opposing teams 30 minutes of hell.
2. Marc Gasol *– Had a down year last season, but there's not a team in the NBA that wouldn't still love to have him.
1. Nene – No, he's not a perennial All-Star center. But he's very solid and he's te best available at the thinnest position in the league. And he picked a great time to have a big year.
Who do you want your team to sign? Comment here, or hit us up on Twitter or Facebook.
Follow Josh on Twitter at @DimeBounce.
Topics: #Nick YoungTags: 2011 Free Agency, Arron Afflalo, BRANDON ROY, Carl Landry, CARON BUTLER, DEANDRE JORDAN, DimeMag, Featured Gallery, GLEN DAVIS, J.R. Smith, Jamal Crawford, JEFF GREEN, JJ Barea, Kris Humphries, MARC GASOL, NBA Free Agency, Nene, NICK YOUNG, Real Stories, Rodney Stuckey, Sam Dalembert, SHANE BATTIER, Thaddeus Young, TYSON CHANDLER, Wilson Chandler


Nevada was proud to host the 2018 National High School Mock Trial Championship and showcase the Biggest Little City in the World. Congratulations to all who made it to Reno and a special acknowledgment to those who placed on top. You are all to be commended.
Competition photos and the final round video can be downloaded here.


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When things go well, the transition from starter to backup http://www.ravensshopfootballonlines.com/Authentic-Marshal-Yanda-Jersey can be fairly seamless – the Patriots were mostly fine when Tom Brady was lost for the Patriots for a year, and the Eagles won a Super Bowl last year after losing their QB. But are we desperate to do it? But with 15 yards at stake every time you Basketball Jerseys For Sale get called, these guys need to learn what the NFL is looking for very quickly. Part of a National Hockey League-wide initiative in partnership with the National Hockey League Players' Association, Blue Jackets Learn to Rod Langway Authentic Jersey Play program will provide first time participants, between 5 years of age, free head-to-toe equipment, age appropriate instruction and certified coaching, led by Blue Jackets Alum Andrew Cassels, in a fun and safe atmosphere. Over is 5 in the last 5 meetings and 5 in the last 6 meetings in Toronto. Still, the Sky Blues are a virtual lock to win that title-12 points clear of Manchester United. will be a game-time decision. In that time he has a shooting percentage of 14% by scoring 25 goals on 175 shots. The Heisman winner played reasonably well Jerseys China in the 41 loss, though. I pretty much played against all these dudes, Kevin Knox said of his fellow Green Room invitees.
They average 38 rebounds per game and 15 assists per contest which ranks them 68th and 62nd respectively. According to ESPN's Josh Weinfuss, it's the most rookie quarterbacks to start since Week 16 of the 2012 season. Split on my picks for last Thursday's season opener, although it should have been a winning sweep. The bullpen has an earned run average of 3 and they have given up 267 base hits on the year. JT Daniels has completed 179 Marshal Yanda Authentic Jersey throws while attempting 311 passes for a completion percentage of 57%. You might add a video or a picture or two to grab people Cheap NFL Jerseys Paypal excited about everything've written.
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Instagram is one of the fastest growing social media platforms – particularly in South Africa. And I just love it.
Are you on it? Because you should be. Here are five reasons why it's creeping into my heart.
1, With Instagram filters, even your driver's license photo looks good. True story.
2. The character limit is quite generous, and sometimes the captions are even lovelier than the images. There is something about the artsy vibe of Instagram that tends to inspire people to think of more creative captions. Being a words person, I sort of love this about a visually-driven platform.
3. You can be inspired by such a wide range of posts and people to follow. No matter what time of day I check, the following are always in my feed: incredible travel destinations, awesome fitness inspiration, beautiful poetry (tip: follow tylerknott – seriously. Just do it.), and little windows into the lives of my friends.
4. The short video feature – just enough to entertain you, not long enough to get boring.


Single sofa widths available W 202 / 224 cm.
Available heights 68 or 83 cm. Normal depth 103 cm, XL depth 115 cm.
The modular system allows combinations of central and corner pieces, chaise longue. Armrests can be removed or replaced with Jim or Jules side tables. Sofa compositions can be ordered using the various modular elements available. Please contact Living Space and Partners for assistance on finding the best solution.


text:
Previous (The Evacuation from Dunkirk)
Next (The Gambia)
Frankie Valli in concert
The 4 Seasons featuring the "sound" of Frankie Valli
Frankie Valli & The 4 Seasons
Pop, R&B, Doo Wop, Rock, Motown, Disco
Label(s)
Vee Jay Records, Philips Records, Motown, Warner Bros. Records, MCA, Curb
Associated acts
The Four Lovers
The Wonder Who?
Frankie Valli (as solo artist)
The Four Seasons (known off and on since 1967 as Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons), are an American pop and rock group, distinct from many similar groups of the early to mid-1960s for its high-pitched lead singing and creating street-corner harmonies, reminiscent of doo wop.
In 1960, the group known as The Four Lovers evolved into The Four Seasons, with Frankie Valli as the lead singer. With songs like "Sherry," "Big Girls Don't Cry," and "Walk Like a Man," the Four Seasons burst onto the scene with an unprecedented series of number one hits. Later records, such as Dawn (Go Away) and Rag Doll, made them one of the most successful American groups in competing against the Beatles and other "British invasion" rock groups in 1964. By the mid 1960s, the Four Seasons had become an internationally famous rock-and-roll band. To date, they have sold over 100 million albums.
After a dry spell in the late 1960s and early 70s, Valli and the Four Seasons made a comeback during the disco era with songs like "My Eyes Adored You," "December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)," and "Grease."
1.1 The Four Lovers
1.2 The rise of the Four Seasons
1.3 From Vee-Jay to Philips
1.4 One group, several acts
1.5 A change to Motown
1.6 Renaissance
1.7 After disco
2 U.S. Discography
2.1 U.S. Albums
2.2 Selected U.S. singles
The Four Seasons (group members 1960–1965) were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990 and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1999. More recently, the musical Jersey Boys used their story and music to garner four Tony Awards.
In 1954, Frankie Valli's joined the Variety Trio to form the group that evolved into the Variatones, with brothers Tommy and Nick DeVito and Hank Majewski. This ensemble performed and recorded under a variety of names in 1954 and 1956 before settling on the Four Lovers as its name. The quartet's first record, You're the Apple of My Eye, reached number 62 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart. Five additional Four Lovers singles were released over the next year on RCA Victor, with virtually no sales, airplay, or jukebox popularity. In 1957, the group's seventh single, this time on Epic), had a similar lack of success.
From 1956 until 1960, the Four Lovers stayed together, performing in clubs and lounges and recording on various record labels under a number of different names, including Frankie Tyler, Frankie Valley, Frankie Valley and the Travelers, Frankie Valle and the Romans, The Village Voices, and The Topics.
In 1958, the group started working with producer Bob Crewe, primarily with session work. Later that year, the Four Lovers were performing in Baltimore on the same stage as The Royal Teens, who were riding the wave of success of their hit song "Short Shorts," co-written by the 15 year old Bob Gaudio. The next year, Gaudio replaced Nick DeVito in the Four Lovers lineup, doubling on keyboard and guitar, and Charles Calello replaced Majewski on bass. In 1960, Calello left and was replaced by Nick Massi, but would soon return as the group's arranger.
Despite the change of personnel, the fortunes of the Four Lovers did not change, evening failing to win a job after auditioning at a bowling alley in 1961. According to Gaudio: "We figured we'll come out of this with something. So we took the name of the bowling alley. It was called the Four Seasons." This proved to be the turning point of the group. On a handshake between Bob Gaudio and lead singer Frankie Valli, the Four Seasons Partnership was formed.
The rise of the Four Seasons
The Tony Award-winning musical Jersey Boys is based on the career and music of the Four Seasons.
The Four Seasons released their first single in 1961 ("Bermuda"/"Spanish Lace" on Gone Records). While the single did not chart, the song gave the group enough of a following to be signed with Vee Jay Records later that year.
In 1962, the group released its first album featuring the single, "Sherry." The song's unique sound took it to number one on the pop charts. Under the guidance of producer/songwriter Bob Crewe, the Four Seasons followed up "Sherry" with several more million-selling hits, including "Big Girls Don't Cry" (their second number one hit), "Walk Like a Man" (their also number one), "Candy Girl," "Ain't That a Shame," and several others. The also released a Christmas album in December of 1962 and charted with a unique rendition of "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town."
From 1962 to early 1964, only the Beach Boys matched the Four Seasons in record sales in the United States, and their first three with Vee Jay. Their non-holiday releases—ignoring their version of "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town"—marked the first time that a vocal group hit number one on the Billboard singles charts three times in a row.
From Vee-Jay to Philips
Despite the group's success, Vee Jay Records was in financial distress. The label eventually filed for bankruptcy, and a royalties dispute between Vee Jay and the Four Seasons headed to the courtrooms. At the end of 1963, the group moved to Philips Records, a division of Mercury Records. (In the settlement of the lawsuit against Vee Jay in 1965, Vee Jay retained release rights for all material the group recorded for the label. The group was obligated to deliver one final album to Vee Jay, which they did in the form of a live LP.)
The change of label did not diminish the popularity of the Four Seasons in 1964, nor did the onslaught of the British Invasion and Beatlemania. However, "Dawn (Go Away)" was kept from the number one spot by several simultaneous Beatles hits. In mid-July of that year, the Four Seasons made their fourth trip to the top of the singles charts with "Rag Doll." Additional big-selling singles from 1964 included "Ronnie," "Big Man in Town," "Save It For Me," "Bye, Bye, Baby (Baby Goodbye)," and "Girl Come Running." In the meantime, Vee Jay continued releasing Four Seasons singles from its vault, including "Stay" and "Alone."
One group, several acts
Following several personnel changes, the Four Seasons released recordings under a variety of names, including The Valli Boys, The Wonder Who? and Frankie Valli. More Top 20 singles credited to the Four Seasons followed in 1965, 1966, and 1967, including "Let's Hang On!," "Don't Think Twice" (as the Wonder Who?), "Working My Way Back to You," "I've Got You Under My Skin," "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" (released as a Valli "solo"), and "C'mon Marianne, which was their last Top Ten hit of the 1960s.
By late 1967, however, the Four Seasons' record sales were tapering off. "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" provided a "last hurrah" for the group in early 1968 (reaching number 24 on the Hot 100, just before Valli's last "solo" hit of the 1960s, the number 29 "To Give (The Reason I Live)."
A change to Motown
By 1969, the public interest moved away from street corner pop and toward rock with a harder edge, deeper soul music, and music with more socially conscious lyrics. The group's last single on Philips, "Patch of Blue," featured the group's name as "Frankie Valli & the Four Seasons," but the change in billing did not change the act's lack of success.
After leaving Philips, the rechristened act signed onto Motown Records with disastrous results. The first LP, Chameleon, failed to sell for the Motown subsidiary label MoWest Records in 1971. Several additional releases did no better. In late 1973 and early 1974, the Four Seasons recorded eight songs for a planned second Motown album, but the company refused to move forward with plans to release it to the public, leading to the Four Seasons and Motown parting ways.
Despite this dry spell as a recording group, the Four Seasons never lost its popularity as a performing act. In 1975, Valli and Gaudio managed to get the group signed with Warner Bros. Records as the disco era dawned. At the same time, Private Stock Records released The Four Seasons Story, a two record compilation of the group's biggest hit singles from 1962 to 1970. It quickly became a gold record, selling over one million copies before the RIAA started awarding platinum records for million-selling albums.
In 1975, record sales exploded for both Valli and the Four Seasons, as both acts had million-selling singles in the United States. "My Eyes Adored You" hit number on the Hot 100 for Valli in March, and "Who Loves You" peaked at number three in November for the group. In the United Kingdom, Tamla Motown released "The Night" as a single, and it reached the number seven position on the UK singles chart.
Until this point, all Valli's "solo" hits were, in fact, Four Seasons productions, but in the summer of 1975 Valli had his first truly solo hit when the Bob Crewe-produced "Swearin' to God" followed "My Eyes Adored You" into the upper reaches of the Hot 100, peaking at the number six position during the growing disco craze.
The album Who Loves You became a surprise million-seller for the group. It was the first Four Seasons album to feature lead vocals by singers other than Valli. Gerry Polci did the majority of the lead vocals, sharing them with Valli and Don Ciccone. "December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)" had Polci sing lead in the first verse, Ciccone in the second, and Valli doing lead vocals only in the chorus. With this song, the Four Seasons hit number one for the fifth time. Although the group also scored a minor hit with "Silver Star," "December 1963" marked the end of the Four Seasons' hit recordings.
After disco
In 1978, Valli reached hit number one again with his solo single, "Grease," while the motion picture of the same name became the highest-grossing musical in cinematic history. Both Valli and the group released singles and albums on an occasional basis, but after "Grease," only a remixed version of their biggest seller, "December 1963," would visit the upper half of the Hot 100 (in 1994).
In 1984, a long-awaited collaboration between the Four Seasons and the Beach Boys, "East Meets West," was released on FBI Records, owned by the Four Seasons Partnership, but the record did not sell well.
The latest edition of The Four Seasons, including Valli, is conducted a North American tour in the latter half of 2007. Incidental to this tour, the massive 3-CD + 1 DVD box set, Jersey Beat: The Music Of Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons, was released in mid-2007, marketed as the most comprehensive collection of Four Seasons music yet. The album title, Jersey Beat, is a play on both Jersey Boys, a musical play about the Four Seasons that won four Tony Awards, and "Mersey Beat," a reference to the early Beatles music scene alongside the River Mersey in Liverpool, England.
U.S. Discography
U.S. Albums
Reissues are excluded. This does not include Frankie Valli solo albums, "solo" or otherwise, except as noted below.
1962: Sherry & 11 Others
1962: Four Seasons Greetings (reissued 1966 as The Four Seasons Christmas Album)
1963: Big Girls Don't Cry and 12 Others
1963: Ain't That a Shame and 11 Others
1963: Golden Hits of The Four Seasons
1964: Born to Wander
1964: Dawn (Go Away) and 11 Other Great Songs
1964: Folk Nanny (later renamed Stay & Other Great Hits)
1964: Rag Doll
1964: More Golden Hits of The Four Seasons
1964: Girls, Girls, Girls—We Love Girls
1964: The Beatles vs. The Four Seasons
1965: The Four Seasons Entertain You
1965: The Four Seasons Sing Big Hits by Burt Bacharach, Hal David, and Bob Dylan
1965: Recorded Live on Stage
1965: Gold Vault of Hits
1966: Working My Way Back to You
1966: Second Gold Vault of Hits
1966: Lookin' Back
1968: Edizione d'oro (Gold Edition) (2 LP greatest hits package)
1969: Genuine Imitation Life Gazette
1970: Brotherhood of Man
1970: Half and Half (half as Four Seasons, half as Frankie Valli "solo")
1972: Chameleon
1973: Inside You (cancelled)
1974: The Greatest Hits of the Fabulous Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons (4 LP boxed set)
1975: Who Loves You
1975: The Four Seasons Story (2 LP compilation)
1976: Helicon
1980: Superstar Series Vol. 4
1981: Reunited—Live with Frankie Valli (2 LP set)
1982: The Complete Musical Treasury (4 LP boxed set)
1984: Certified Gold (Volumes I, II, and III)
1985: Streetfighter
1985: Silver Anniversary Collection (AKA 25th Anniversary Collection—3 LP set)
1987: Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons, 25th Anniversary Collection—4 LP box w booklet; Rhino Records RNRP 72998-1
1988: Anthology
1988: Hits
1990: Rarities (Volumes I and II)
1992: Hope and Glory
1993: The Four Seasons Dance Album
1993: Dance Album
1994: Sing for You
1995: Oh What a Night
1996: Four Seasons with Frankie Valli
1999: Rock and Roll Collection (3 CD set)
2001: In Season: The Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons Anthology (2 CD set)
2001: Off Seasons: Criminally Ignored Sides from Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons
2002: The Very Best of Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons
2007: Jersey Beat: The Music Of Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons (3 CD + 1 DVD box set)
Selected U.S. singles
U.S. peak chart position on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart follows the name. Frankie Valli "solo" singles are also omitted, but can be found here. Only singles that reached a position of #30 or higher on the Hot 100 are listed here.
1962: "Sherry," peaked at #1 on Billboard Hot 100
1962: "Big Girls Don't Cry," #1
1963: "Walk Like a Man, #1
1963: "Ain't That a Shame," #22
1963: "Candy Girl"/"Marlena," #3 (Marlena #36)
1964: "Dawn (Go Away)," #3
1964: "Stay," #16
1964: "Ronnie," #6
1964: "Alone," #28
1964: "Rag Doll," #1
1964: "Save It For Me," #10
1964: "Big Man in Town," #20
1965: "Bye, Bye, Baby (Baby, Goodbye)," #12 ("Bye Bye Baby" on initial release)
1965: "Girl Come Running," #30
1965: "Let's Hang On," #3
1965: "Don't Think Twice," #20
1966: "Working My Way Back to You," #9
1966: "Opus 17 (Don't You Worry 'Bout Me)," #13
1966: "I've Got You Under My Skin," #9
1966: "Tell It to the Rain," #10
1967: "Beggin'," #16
1967: "C'mon Marianne," #9
1967: "Watch the Flowers Grow," #30
1968: "Will You Love Me Tomorrow," #24
1975: "Who Loves You," #3
1975: "December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)," #1
1994: "December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)," #14 (remixed dance version)
Coté, David, and Bob Gaudio. Jersey Boys: The Story of Frankie Valli & the Four Seasons. New York: Broadway Books, 2007. ISBN 9780767927581.
Friedlander, Paul, and Peter Miller. Rock & Roll: A Social History. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 2006. ISBN 9780813343068.
Warner, Jay. American Singing Groups: A History from 1940 to Today. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Hal Leonard Books, 2006. ISBN 0-634-09978-7.
All links retrieved November 24, 2015.
Four Seasons Rock and Roll Hall of Fame page www.rockhall.com
The Four Seasons history
History of "The Four Seasons"
Retrieved from //www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=The_Four_Seasons&oldid=992219


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Seth Knorr is a Christian, family-friendly, comedian whose themes contain current events; relationships; raising kids; whacky topics and everyday experiences. The varied assortment of themes enable everyone present to have a wonderful experience! A whole biography may be read here.
Seth lives just north of Baltimore which means there won't be any travel expenses. He also performs frequently in the Baltimore area and his set also includes material about the area this makes him perfect for local events. Support the local economy by hiring a local comedian.
Hire a Christian Comedian in Elkridge, Maryland. For a free no obligation quote to book Seth for your next event, fill out the form below. Alternately, you can reach him on his cell phone at (724) 562-8562.
The standard mileage charges, including gas, to hire a Christian comedian in Elkridge, MD is $11.70.The travel expenditure is estimated based on a local per gallon price of $2.20.
This estimated charge is also accurate for the 21075 zip code and much of Howard County.
Last modfied November 4, 2015.


text:
11 Reasons I Watch 'Frances Ha' Over & Over Again
By Chloe Kent
I didn't realize how often I was watching Noah Baumbach's Frances Ha until fairly recently — but, once I did, I couldn't stop noticing the amount of times I just liked to have it on to watch while I worked or just relaxed after a long day. Turns out, I had actually taken such comfort in the themes of the film that I liked just having it on all the time. Perhaps it was some form of schadenfreude — a modicum of comfort I took in watching the film's title character fall into the same drift nets over and over again. Perhaps it was the catharsis of re-living the pains of uncertainty while heading into capital-A adulthood. Maybe I just really liked the soundtrack. Or, most likely, maybe it was a mix of all of the above. The bottom line is, I will always watch the masterpiece that is Frances Ha over and over again.
Frances Ha, like Lena Dunham's Tiny Furniture before it, belongs to a genre of films that center around the latter part of the relatively new life stage between adolescence and adulthood known as emerging adulthood (which occurs between ages 18-27, more or less). It's a phenomenon Greta Gerwig, who plays Frances, likened to modern dance in an interview with British Vogue 's Jo Ellison in 2013 — "that relentless rhythm of talking and chasing after things... there's a style in modern dance right now called Release Technique, it's based on a feeling of falling and catching yourself, and I thought it was such a good metaphor for the way life feels."
Frances Ha is the perfect film to watch if you're going through similar experiences yourself, because not only is it smart and well-written, but it's real — and damn easy to relate to. As a result, I will never stop watching Frances Ha over and over — and here's exactly why:
1. It Perfectly Captures The Frustrations Of Being A 20-Something
Andy: So what do you do?
Frances: Eh... It's kinda hard to explain.
Andy: Because what you do is complicated?
Frances: Eh... Because I don't really do it.
I have never identified with a fictional character more, and I'm sure the same can be said for many other 20-somethings who are just getting their lives together.
2. It Displays The Intricacies Of Female Friendship
Frances: Sophie, I fucking held your head while you cried. I bought special milk for you. I know where you hide your pills. Don't treat me like a three-hour brunch friend!
To quote the only line from Hannah Horvath's book on Girls: "A friendship between college girls is grander and more dramatic than any romance." Frances Ha is a love story, but a love story about female friends — and for that, it should not only be appreciated, but also commended.
3. Its Insights On The Minutiae Of Modern Love
"I want this one moment. It's - it's what I want in a relationship. Which might explain why I'm single now. It's, uh... It's kind of hard to... It's that thing when you're with someone. And you love them. And they know it. And they love you. And you know it. but it's a party. And you're both talking to other people, and you're laughing and shining and you look across the room and catch each other's eyes. But not because you're possessive, or it's precisely sexual, but because... That is your person in this life. And it's funny and sad, but only because this life will end, and it's this secret world that exists right there, in public, unnoticed, that no one else knows about. It's sort of like how they say that other dimensions exist all around us, but we don't have the ability to perceive them. That's what I want out of a relationship, or just life, I guess: Love."
As Michael Zegen's character Benji would sum it up: Undateable. I love it.
4. It Captures The Beauty Of New York
You can't say you wouldn't be down to run around Chinatown listening to David Bowie's "Modern Love" after having watched this:
Bel Cesar on YouTube
5. Its General Quirkiness...
This movie, like many of Noah Baumbach's movies, is totally quirky — and this is perfectly evidenced by my favorite one-liner from the movie, taken from the following exchange that takes place when Frances is leaving for a very irresponsible weekend trip to Paris:
Frances: I have so much to do. I think I'll probably read Proust... Because sometimes it's good to do what you're supposed to when you're supposed to do it.Caroline: Proust is pretty heavy.Frances: Yeah, but it's worth it, I hear. Caroline: No, I meant the book. Carrying it on the plane.
6. It Identifies The Beauty And Charm In Imperfection
Because what is this film about if not the joy in having unbrushed hair and running around the city in the same black leggings?
7. Its Grating, But At The End Of The Day, Lovable Characters
The New York Times' A.O. Scott described the character of Frances as such: "Frances is neither blandly agreeable nor adorably quirky. Rather [...] she is difficult. She hogs conversations, misses obvious social cues and is frequently inconsiderate, though more in the manner of an overgrown toddler than a queen-bee mean girl." Frances isn't perfect, and she's even sometimes unlikeable — but that's what makes her human, and a really intriguing character to watch.
8. It Features Both The Ups And Downs Of Platonic Relationships
Aka, everything related to Sophie and Frances' relationship after they stop living together.
9. It Explains How And Why Opposites Attract
How are we, the audience, to believe that an underachieving dancer is "the same person" as her Type-A bestie? Beautifully written — as well as beautifully acted — scenes like these:
Frances: I love you, Sophie, even if you love your phone that has email more than you love me.
Sophie: My phone that has email doesn't leave a casserole dish in the sink for three days.
Frances: What about that time you made a cake?
Sophie: I love you, too.
10. Frances' Laughably Horrific Fiscal Sense
Most of the film's 20-somethings are sensible about money — except for Frances. Case-in-point: The scene where Frances runs around the city to withdraw cash via her debit card, and isn't even sure if she'll have enough to pay the ATM fee. Girl, maybe get a checkbook? Oh, and of course, her spur-of-the-moment trip to Paris:
Frances: I'm going to Paris for two days.Benji: Wait, I thought you were poor.Frances: I'm gonna use this credit card I got in the mail.Caroline: That's not smart. That's what they want. They want to keep you in debt.Frances: I know that. I see documentaries.
That said, Frances' inability to be fiscally responsible is realistic for some.
11. It Realizes The Realities Of The Period Known As "Emerging Adulthood"
This is what Frances Ha does best. In this day and age, there's a period for many 20-somethings after university where they're considered adults legally, but emotionally, they're not quite there yet. It's something our parents never really went through — their generation wasn't brought up the same way we were, just like their parents weren't brought up the same way they were. The result is that a lot of our parents may not understand it, but "emerging adulthood" is real — and Frances Ha gets that. Frances herself has this realization herself multiple times throughout the film, even a few times jokingly: For instance, she quips she's "not a real person yet" when her credit card is declined at a restaurant, and ponders if she looks old despite not feeling it.
Frances Ha is one of the few movies to perfectly capture what it's like to be a young adult, and for that, it deserves a permanent places in everyone's film library.
Images: IFC Films; Giphy (12)


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text:
Is Android Studio free
Leave a Comment / Android Studio
Is Android Studio free software?
It is available for download on Windows, macOS and Linux based operating systems or as a subscription-based service in 2020. It is a replacement for the Eclipse Android Development Tools (E-ADT) as the primary IDE for native Android application development.
Is Android Studio free for commercial use?
Android Studio is free to download and developers can use the software without any cost. However, if users want to publish their created apps to the Google Play Store, they need to pay a one-time registration fee of $25 to upload an app.
Is Android Studio safe?
Android Studio is the one released by google. So it's safe and good to go with Android Studio. Android studio is fully customized for Android developers.
Is Android studio open source?
Android Studio is part of the Android Open Source Project and accepts contributions. To build the tools from source, see the Build Overview page. … See the main Android Developer and Android Open Source Project sites for more information.
Is Android Studio good for beginners?
But at current moment – Android Studio is one and only official IDE for Android, so if you are a beginner, it's a better for you to start using it, so later, you don't need to migrate your apps and projects from other IDE's. Also, Eclipse are no longer supported, so you should use Android Studio anyway.
Is Android written in Java?
The official language for Android development is Java. Large parts of Android are written in Java and its APIs are designed to be called primarily from Java. It is possible to develop C and C++ app using the Android Native Development Kit (NDK), however it isn't something that Google promotes.
See also: How to make an apk file in Android Studio
Can you use Python in Android Studio?
If the question is,can i run python programs on android then by all means yes. … It is a plugin for Android Studio so could include the best of both worlds – using the Android Studio interface and Gradle, with code in Python. From the Chaquopy page: With the Python API , you can write an app partly or entirely in Python.27 мая 2015 г.
Is there an alternative to Android studio?
IntelliJ IDEA, Visual Studio, Eclipse, Xamarin, and Xcode are the most popular alternatives and competitors to Android Studio.
Can I install Android Studio in 2gb RAM?
The listed specs say : 64-bit distribution capable of running 32-bit applications. 3 GB RAM minimum, 8 GB RAM recommended; plus 1 GB for the Android Emulator. 2 GB of available disk space minimum, 4 GB Recommended (500 MB for IDE + 1.5 GB for Android SDK and emulator system image)
Which version of Android studio is best?
Today, Android Studio 3.2 is available for download. Android Studio 3.2 is the best way for app developers to cut into the latest Android 9 Pie release and build the new Android App bundle.
Are Android apps sandboxed?
Android apps are sandboxed. The techniques that Android and iOS use for sandboxing are different, though. On Android, each app runs as its own "user", as far as the kernel is concerned (UID), and the kernel guarantees that different "users" are unable to interfere with each other, access each other's files and so on.
Is it possible activity without UI in Android?
The answer is yes it's possible. Activities don't have to have a UI. It's mentioned in the documentation, e.g.: An activity is a single, focused thing that the user can do.
See also: Android studio latest version download
Can I use C++ in Android Studio?
Android Studio supports CMake, which is good for cross-platform projects, and ndk-build, which can be faster than CMake but only supports Android. … This page shows you how to set up Android Studio with the necessary build tools, create a new project with C/C++ support, and add new C/C++ files to your project.
Is Java required for Android studio?
Since Android apps are written in Java, you will need the Oracle Java compiler and libraries on your system. These are collectively called the Java Development Kit or "JDK" for short. (If you are certain that you already have JDK 1.8 or higher on your computer, such as from taking CS 106A, you can skip to Step 2.)


We had a great time at SEMA and met more than a few heavyweights in the networking session after the Launch Pad competition. One piece of advice quickly became a reoccurring theme, "You guys need a booth at Performance Racing Industry show in Indy."
Only one problem, the show was only a month away and PRI is the biggest racing industry trade show in the world. Chances of getting a booth - slim to none, they were sold out. This would normally be terrible news except for the fact that I am pretty much the luckiest guy I know. Last week we were informed they found us a spot and got a booth in the front hallway. We're going to be right across from the Hot Rodders of Tomorrow national championships! What a awesome event for these high schoolers.
We are looking forward to a show that is no show, all go! We love horsepower in any and all forms and that's what PRI is all about. Going faster with the latest technologies. MC² can help these teams accomplish their goals for the upcoming season, and we will be there spreading the gospel of more power by way of less friction. Any race teams stopping by the booth will have a leg up on the competitors that don't.
Wow! What a whirlwind. SEMA 2016 is in the books, and it was amazing! There is no way to properly describe this show with words. The amount of care and attention to detail poured into every single vehicle is stupefying. It doesn't matter what you are into, it was at SEMA. If you like old cars, they had them.
If you like new cars, they had them.
If you like trucks, they had them.
They even had a Tractor for all our trucking friends to enjoy.
But the real reason we were there, the SEMA Launch Pad competition.
We didn't' win, but we gave it our best. And we have to give a hand to all the competitors. The winner, Aaron Aldridge with Any Level Lift, had an awesome product. I want one, and a F-350 to go along with it.
As long as I'm filling out my Christmas wish list for Santa with Launch Pad competitors, let's add a V12LS.com to the mix. Our good friend Matt Cornish and his brother Shane did some serious work to take the world of elite builds to the next level. It's awesome!
I've also wanted to build an Exocet since forever, or at least since the first time I heard of them. So needless to say I had a lot of fun sitting next to Kevin Patrick of Exomotive, at the SEMA Banquet. Wonder if there is a way to squeeze a V12LS in there? Not that you would need to, this thing is a rocket ship with 100 hp let alone 700. And there are already easy answers to stuffing a regular ol' V8 LS in it.
Congratulations to all the competitors, Amanda Holbert of PlasmaGlide, Wes Jurica of Gigabit Games, Bryce Hudson owner of Grip Clean, Sarah Powell with Turnberry Innovations, and Richard Baverstock of Mogol, Inc. I literally want one of everything.
Thank you SEMA for this awesome opportunity, for all the great friendships made, for the networking that was done, and the advice we received. We are a stronger company because of the Launch Pad, and we can't thank you enough.


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We stop for refreshments/lunch on this tour. the cost of refreshments, meals and drinks is no included in the prices.
Easy to moderate – to gain access to the interior of some of the bunker complexes, there is a short fairly steep path / steps to the entrance. Inside the bunkers, there are steps to gain access and to move around inside. Outside the bunkers, most bunkers can be reached by a few steps but one or two involve climbing up and down rough paths. Otherwise walking is mainly on fairly level ground, with some unmade paths.
You should be able to climb aboard our vehicles which have up to 3 steps. We have no facilities for guests in wheelchairs aboard the vehicle, but if they can board the vehicle, wheelers and small scooters can be accommodated in the vehicle boot provided they can be dismantled/folded and lifted into the vehicle boot. Please note however that some of the sites visited or parts of them will not be suitable for wheelchair or scooter users and in view of the number of stops we make, at those which are quite short, guests with wheelchairs / scooters will have insufficient time to unload them to avoid disrupting the tour timing.
At a number of sites that we visit, in order to get the best experience, guests may need to walk some distance, move along uneven surfaces, rough paths and climb and descend steps. We have tried to indicate the level of fitness / agility that will be required to fully enjoy each tour.
All of our tours involve getting out of our vehicles and exploring the sites we visit. At some sites, the weather or wind conditions may be such that warm clothing will be desirable and sensible shoes should be worn for walking and, to the extent that we encounter them, climbing and descending steps and rough paths. Even on a sunny day, the air can be quite chilly in the shade or if it clouds over, and it is more noticeable when close to the coast. Equally, in hot and sunny weather, it would be wise to have light clothing, a hat and/or sun-screen to protect against the burning effects of the sun which can be stronger than expected in coastal environments.
The safety and well-being of our guests is paramount to us. Please let us know if you have any allergies or phobias which may be encountered on a tour and we will try and organise / accommodate an alternative for you. First Aid kits are carried on all of our vehicles and Marc is a qualified first-aider.


text:
Q: How to do logarithmic shading with TikZ? Using TikZ, the shade option is very convenient to produce color shadings, but it produces only linear color gradients. Is it possible to obtain other transitions, and especially a logarithmic one?
Thanks!
Edit:
Here is an example for the linear case:
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\shade[left color=black, right color=white] (0,0) rectangle (10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

A: Here are some examples.

*

*R=G=B=x (your MWE)

*R=G=B=x

*R=G=B=x²

*R=G=B=√x

*R=G=B=log(1+x)

*R=G=B=log(1+9x)

*R=G=B= ... well ...

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[a3paper]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[left color=black,right color=white](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{LBRW}{\pgfpoint{0bp}{0bp}}{\pgfpoint{100bp}{100bp}}{}{
    pop 50 div .5 sub % u
    dup dup % u u u
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[shading=LBRW](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{dup mul LBRW}{\pgfpoint{0bp}{0bp}}{\pgfpoint{100bp}{100bp}}{}{
    pop 50 div .5 sub % u
    dup mul % u²
    dup dup % u² u² u²
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[shading=dup mul LBRW](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{sqrt LBRW}{\pgfpoint{0bp}{0bp}}{\pgfpoint{100bp}{100bp}}{}{
    pop 50 div .5 sub % u
    sqrt % √u
    dup dup % √u √u √u
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[shading=sqrt LBRW](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{1 add log LBRW}{\pgfpoint{0bp}{0bp}}{\pgfpoint{100bp}{100bp}}{}{
    pop 50 div .5 sub % u
    1 add log % ㏒(1+u)
    dup dup % ㏒(1+u) ㏒(1+u) ㏒(1+u)
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[shading=1 add log LBRW](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{9 mul 1 add log LBRW}{\pgfpoint{0bp}{0bp}}{\pgfpoint{100bp}{100bp}}{}{
    pop 50 div .5 sub % u
    9 mul 1 add log % ㏒(1+9u)
    dup dup % ㏒(1+9u) ㏒(1+9u) ㏒(1+9u)
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[shading=9 mul 1 add log LBRW](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{logistic}{\pgfpoint{0bp}{0bp}}{\pgfpoint{100bp}{100bp}}{}{
    50 div .5 sub exch % v U
    50 div .5 sub 4 mul exch % 4u v
    dup 1 exch sub % 4u v 1-v
    2 index % 4u v (1-v) 4u
    mul mul % u 4uv(1-v)
    dup 1 exch sub 2 index mul mul
    dup 1 exch sub 2 index mul mul
    dup 1 exch sub 2 index mul mul
    dup 1 exch sub 2 index mul mul
    dup 1 exch sub 2 index mul mul
    exch pop dup dup
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill(-11,0)|-(0,-2)|-(11,2)|-cycle;
    \shade[shading=logistic](-10,-1)rectangle(10,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Remarks

*

*dup duplicates the topmost element.

*The dup dup at every very end is actually unnecessary.

*If you leave only a single number in the stack, PDF-renderer will treat it as the grayscale.

*If there are three, they are R, G, B respectively.

*If there are 0 or 2 or 4, 5, 6, ... I do not know.

*pop discards the topmost element.

*The pop at every very beginning throws away the y-coordinate, which is useless except the last case.

*Replacing pop by swap, you can leave the y-coordinate at the bottom alone. But then dup dup becomes necessary.

*For more information, see TikZ manual IX.110.2.3 General (Functional) Shadings.

*For ever more information, see PDF manual 8.7.4.5.2 Type 1 (Function-Based) Shadings.

*See also Annex B (normative) Operators in Type 4 Functions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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