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GlobalResearch.ca: "Humanitarian Hawks" Demand War on Ethiopia, US National Guard Deploys to the Horn
Date: Monday, 10 January 2022
By Prof. Ann Fitz-Gerald and Ann Garrison
Global Research, December 23, 2021
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News of the deployment of National Guard troops to an unspecified location in the Horn of Africa is an indication that US interference in the region will continue.
The dominant corporate and state media have reported for months that Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, will soon fall to the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF), a treasonous splinter of the Ethiopian National Defense Forces (ENDF) that started a civil war by attacking an Ethiopian federal army base on November 3, 2020. However, the dominant press have of late been unable to deny that the ENDF has retaken cities, towns, and territory in the Amhara and Afar Regional States, both of which border the Tigray Regional State.
The TPLF is a longstanding ally of the US, which supported its brutal 27-year, minority rule in exchange for its army's service to the US agenda on the African continent. Its proponents have stridently called for US military action to stop what they call genocide in Tigray, even though UN and Ethiopian Human Rights Commission investigators concluded that there is no genocide taking place.
I spoke with Ann Fitz-Gerald, Director of the Balsillie School of International Relations at the University of Waterloo in Ontario. She has extensive experience in Ethiopia.
AG: Ann Fitz-Gerald, news came out this week that a thousand National Guardsmen from Virginia and Kentucky are deploying to Ft. Bliss, Texas now to train for deployment to the Horn of Africa at the turn of the year.
Nearly half the troops in Afghanistan and Iraq were National Guardsmen, so that's nothing new. But what do you think of this escalation of boots on the ground? Especially to a region as increasingly volatile as the Horn?
AF: It's not totally clear what these troops have been deployed for. A press release stated that it was to support safety and stability in the region. The statement said the objective is to provide security for the forward operating bases maintained by the Department of Defense, to build partnerships with host nations, and to improve safety and stability in the region.
Other sources have disclosed that it is the largest single unit Virginia National Guard mobilization since WWII . So it's definitely gained a lot of interest.
The National Guard is a unique element of the military, with a direct line of command both to the state governor and the federal authorities. But they respond to domestic emergencies and overseas combat missions, counter drug efforts, reconstruction missions, and more. Sometimes the National Guards, which are often called "paramilitary forces" in other countries, are more effective than the regular military units in supporting things like domestic emergencies such as crowd control, disaster management, and community defense and resilience.
In this case, the deployment may be for contingency purposes, augmentation purposes. Should the military contingency force, known as CJTF—the Horn of Africa Combined Joint Task Forces— be deployed, maybe the National Guard troops would provide security to this and other forward operating bases and/or be used for other augmentation purposes, not only in the case where the main force would become deployed, but also for the purposes of drawing on wider competencies of the Guards, which are more oriented to domestic crises like civil unrest and natural disasters.
One may argue that it's quite surprising with troops returning home from Iraq and Afghanistan, and the drawdowns in those theaters of operations, that the government would draw on the National Guard to deploy overseas. On the other hand, the National Guard could arguably cover a wider range of missions. We are dealing these days with wider security threats. So maybe the US government is looking for that wider flexibility and agility in support of its ongoing operations on the continent.
AG: It seemed for a moment that you might be saying the National Guard does especially nice things. But this is alarming, to say the least, to Ethiopians who've expected the US to start drone bombing, or invade in some other way, for the past year.
AF: That's what the risk always is when the directives come across as very general or slightly unclear, and when there is a crisis in the region as well. It is easy to jump to conclusions and make assumptions.
And I am sure that constituencies in the US might also be alarmed by the costs of losing domestic support in states like Virginia to overseas missions. They might ask whether that's the best use of the National Guard while we're still in the COVID crisis and facing climate calamities like wildfires, hurricanes, and rising sea levels.
Others may assume that the US is scaling up its military operations in the Horn of Africa so as to take military action in Ethiopia, but I would encourage people not to jump to conclusions. This may be part of a wider vision that the US government has for its military footprint in Africa, not just in the Horn.
The US recently announced, back in March 2021, a new direction for national security that was intricately tied to the US's economic interests at home and overseas. So it may be part and parcel of a wider mission, all of which would involve a more deeply embedded footprint in the Horn of Africa.
AG: I can't say I find that reassuring.
AF: Well, it may also relate to the US Embassy in Addis Ababa encouraging US nationals to get out of the country as soon as they can and suggesting that they might need help.
In addition to that, there are more regional issues such as the recent coup in Sudan. The US military still has a dominant presence in the Sudanese government. We also see election uncertainty and unrest in Somalia.
AG: Do you think there's any good reason for the US military to be in Africa and/or any benefit for the African people?
AF: Well, we've been talking for a long time now about African solutions to African challenges and a wider role to be taken on the by the African Union. And not just the African Union, but the continent's regional economic mechanisms and regional economic communities.
The US Department of Defense was in the past focused on the potential for mass migration to Europe and North America. Another concern is keeping shipping routes and waterways protected and open.
AG: Today California 30th District Congressman Brad Sherman suggested blocking trade going in and out of Ethiopia and Eritrea through the Red Sea and the Gulf of Oman. With a Chinese base as well as a US base in Djibouti, that could cause a greater logjam than that cargo ship that got stuck in the Suez Canal earlier this year.
AF: I agree that doesn't sound wise. Are Americans really served by a wider US military footprint than the one we have already seen on the African continent? During a time when the number of African standby forces across the continent has increased? When there have been efforts to develop a collaborative arrangement between the UN and the African Union (AU) to support African peacekeeping missions? One would think this US presence should now be scaled down to let Africans solve their own problems.
"Every Option Is on the Table": US Prepping for Libya-Style Intervention in Ethiopia
AG: Lots of people on the African continent, and those who are critical of US and Western policy in Africa, think that elite Western interests are just there to dominate, exploit, and indebt them, and steal their natural resources. Do you think they are honestly there for anything else?
AF: They are there to protect US foreign policy interests and US national security interests. It should also be noted that earlier on this year, the US announced new plans for their national security strategy to be indistinguishable from their plans for a new economic strategy.
That economic strategy has implications for building back better at home in the US vis a vis its overseas economic interests. So it seems that there is a renewed interest that the US has taken in mineral resources across the African continent and the Arabian/Nubian Shield . There is an interest in having access to those natural resources: lithium, niobium, and other minerals that are key to pivoting to a cleaner, greener economy, which is the main thrust of the US economic plans. That would require access to these minerals and resources, but also stability to support that access.
AG: But the US sows chaos wherever it goes, as it has in Libya, Syria, and Somalia, just to name those nations nearest Ethiopia.
AF: Well, its logical goals should be stability, peace, and security on the African continent. In the longer term, stability should in fact benefit the pursuit of American economic interests across the continent.
AG: I can't help laughing. I'm sure you've noticed that I talk more colloquially, like a journalist, while you talk like an academic. We are both who we are.
AF: Yes we are. As an academic I'm required to discuss things in a certain way, but we agree about a lot and have enough in common to talk.
AG: OK, the TPLF has been claiming that they are winning the war in Ethiopia, and the western press has been chanting day after day that the TPLF is close to seizing Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia. Every day there are reports in the US and European capitals that they are withdrawing embassy personnel and that NGO staff and foreign citizens are fleeing at the behest of their governments.
Today, however, these outlets, even the dominant corporate outlets, are reporting that the Ethiopian National Defense Force is recapturing northern towns and districts. What do you think is going to happen militarily?
AF: We've seen a lot of different media reports on issues concerning the trajectory of the conflict, and developments on the battlefield. And of course CNN published a story with photos taken way back in May in the Tigray Regional State, but said that they were TPLF rebel forces on the outskirts of Addis, and that the TPLF had the city encircled.
On the contrary, we've now learned from local Ethiopian media that the town of Lalibela has been retaken, as have a number of other northern districts in the North Wollo Regional State, the region just south of the Tigray Region. North Wollo is where there are communities all along the border with Tigray.
Lalabella is an historic and holy city, famous for its churches carved out of rock in the 12th and 13th centuries. It's a UNESCO world heritage site, and people both inside and outside Ethiopia were alarmed when the TPLF seized it.
The national defense forces have also retaken cities including Gashena, where five strategic routes come together, including the road into Tigray Region and onward onto Tigray's capital, Me'kele. We have also been informed by national and local media sources that the TPLF has suffered some very heavy losses at the front lines of these battle areas.
I understand that the TPLF no longer have a presence at all in the Afar Region.
Forced recruitment by the TPLF rebels, however, has continued across different segments of the Tigray Regional State population, and as a result, many people who lack experience in soldiering are coming to the front lines. This has resulted in large, tragic losses.
Local Ethiopian news is also reporting that there've been significant losses to the TPLF leadership. There was an announcement last week citing that 12 senior leaders had been killed. The Ethiopian army's air strikes are also continuing and they have targeted the TPLF supply lines that were running between Mek'ele and other areas, and in the border region with Amhara Regional State.
We are seeing a likely TPLF defeat in the Amhara region, but the question is, now that Afar has been cleared of conflict, why do remaining TPLA fighters from Amhara keep increasing in numbers? What happens next? I expect a TPLF defeat, after which democracy and peace should be declared as the pillars of the post-conflict pathway.
Priority has to be given to an interim administration set up in the Tigray Region which makes space for all political groupings, all opposition groups as well—plural politics. And in all the conflict-affected regions, rebuilding the infrastructure must take priority.
The Ministry of Peace reported back in August that some critical infrastructure in Tigray had been destroyed repeatedly by TPLF fighters and had been reconstructed and rebuilt several times. But these services extend to banking as well. All these critical services need to be supported. And social programs. Support to these sorts of programs will win the support of the people. It is the confidence of these conflict -affected communities that the government really needs to win back.
Social programs are important for community healing and community-based and political-based dialogue. There are issues concerning accountability and rule of law, which very much depends on which leaders remain in position at the top of the TPLF organization.
What leaders were responsible for strategic command and control of the fighting, and specifically the attack on the northern manned outposts that launched this war in the first place? I would say, in the spirit of prioritizing peace and democracy, that in parallel with holding this very small group of leaders to account, the government should consider granting a blanket amnesty to all others. It would be a magnanimous move on the government's part and it would help support the much needed healing and space for dialogue.
AG: The US has seemed determined to see the government of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed fall. The constant calls of genocide in Tigray are like those that usually precede US bombing campaigns, as they did in Libya and Syria. There was a piece in The Guardian saying that genocide is imminent and we must act. One of its authors was a former head of the United Nations Development Program, whom WHO Chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus—a former TPLF minister—had appointed to co-chair the WHO's Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response.
Do you see any retreat from all this crusading and the very real possibility that the US might attack Ethiopia, claiming it has to "stop genocide?"
AF: I've seen some concerning things that have come out as statements by US policy makers, particularly by the State Department. That has generated anti-U.S. sentiment back in Ethiopia and also across the Ethiopian diaspora community. There's been constant criticism of the Ethiopian government, and punitive sanctions imposed on Ethiopia and its ally Eritrea, but none on the TPLF. This has emboldened the TPLF and given it no incentive to stand down. So the TPLF incursions outside Tigray have continued, the insurgency has continued, and the violence and destruction has continued.
On the genocide issue, I read some online US national news about this, which referred to a decision to halt any official decision made on a genocide designation. The claim of genocide has been debunked by a recent reportwritten by investigators from the UN and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission, but despite this report, many media outlets, most of all CNN and its foreign correspondent Nima Elbagir, have continued to cry genocide. Elbagir, in her recent moderation of a panel hosted at Yale University—which featured 2 senators from the human rights caucus—seemed to be pushing the US to disregard the UN report and adopt a domestic designation of genocide.
AG: You were disinvited from that panel at Yale, weren't you? I read this report, Yale hosts Ethiopia conference amid social media controversy, disinvites speaker . It quotes you saying, ""I had no objection to being asked to stand down from the event. I understand that others did complain on the basis that Ethiopian voices were not represented at the event."
AF: There wasn't a single Ethiopian voice and in the end, the panel was not only all white but also all male. CNN's Nima Elbagir, the only woman and the only person of color, moderated.
AG: So they didn't even much bother with the optics of ten white men debating the fate of a Black African nation.
AF: No, they didn't.
AG: The US has also demanded "negotiations without preconditions" for almost a year, implying that the TPLF and the federal government are equals who should surrender everything, then just sit down and talk to each other. What do you think about that?
AF: The issue of negotiations, much less negotiations without preconditions, is a non-starter with Ethiopians. You can flip this on its head and say the Biden administration wouldn't go to the negotiation table with the insurrectionists who stormed Capitol Hill after Trump lost the last US presidential election. Ethiopia should not be treated with different standards.
The Ethiopian people need this war to end. The world needs this war to end. The unnecessary loses, the destruction to livelihoods, all of this needs to stop. And a more peaceful pathway involving rebuilding, needs to start. This is not going to be an easy task, but it is one that the country must prioritize, one that should be supported and cannot be rushed. Healing, development, forgiveness, and social reconstruction will take many years. That's what we should be thinking about, as western partner countries at the moment. Support for peace.
AG: Despite its protestations about negotiations, the US government has acted as though peace in the region is the last thing they're interested in. Just as peace is the last thing they were interested in when they went to war with Libya and Syria. So why would you expect anything different?
AF: That's the disappointing side of things about US policy on Ethiopia and the wider Horn of Africa region. While the US takes a very short term view of its own interests, enormous diplomatic and cooperative opportunities are foregone. Arguments about the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, which US ally Egypt does not want to see completed, has taken away from discussions on regional economic cooperation that could have gone on in the meantime. The US needs to take a longer view of its own interests and those of the region.
AG: As a journalist, I feel it's my job to describe what is as well as I can, and I can't help being cynical, but I know that, as a professor at the Balsillie School of International Affairs , you need to propose a better way forward, as you're doing.
AF: Trying to.
AG: This week, we've seen leaked footage of a meeting in which former and current western diplomats met with a senior TPLF member and spokesperson, despite US claims to neutrality. What do you think of this video?
AF: The video became viral and infamous quite quickly. It was a big leak. My own concerns about the video were the way in which a so-called civil society organization platformed a known leader of a nationally declared terrorist group, the TPLF.
AG: Hold on, you need to explain what you mean by "nationally declared terrorist group."
AL: There was a vote in the Ethiopian parliament which designated the TPLF as a terrorist group following its attack on the Northern Command post on the 3rd and 4th of November 2020. To give a platform to Berhane Gebre-Christos, a leader and spokesperson of that group—for a civil society organization to do that—is not good practice. No one should provide platforms for groups that commit high crimes.
Berhane Gebre-Christos said he wanted to create a "transitional government," meaning to topple the legitimately elected government of Ethiopia, and the Western diplomats and former diplomats there agreed with him.
It's totally inappropriate for any current or previously serving diplomat to get mixed up with a group plotting a coup.
My other concern is that the website of this NGO in question claimed that the organization had been receiving funds from the USAID and the NED. And then, very quickly, after the video was released, we saw many so-called board members and founding members speaking out, claiming that they had in fact not been playing the role suggested by the video and the organization's website.
AG: What organization?
AF: The civil society group that was hosting the meeting. It's called Peace and Development Center Ethiopia, and its website is pdcethiopia.org . They hosted the meeting that the leaked video had covered.
AG: Is there anything you'd like to say about the role of the USAID and NED?
AF: I don't know the extent of their projects that USAID and NED are funding.It just stated on the website that the organization did receive funds from both USAID and NED.
AG: The US government's aggressive policy is so short sighted that it's obviously pushing Ethiopia into collaboration with China, which is exactly what they're trying to stop. It's incredibly stupid. One might imagine that USAID Administer Samantha Power and Secretary of State Anthony Blinken are agents of the Chinese government.
AF: I agree that it's very unwise and short-sighted. And it is the opposite of the U.S.'s stated and perceived goals.
AG: Is there anything else you'd like to say?
AF: I hope to see peace take root in Ethiopia and across the wider Horn of Africa region very soon. I hope we'll be having interviews of a very different sort in the near future.
Ann Fitz-Gerald is a professor at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, and the Director of the Balsillie School of International Relations . She has many years of experience working as a research professor across most of Ethiopia's regional states and the wider Horn of Africa region. She has also supported internationally sponsored peace talks in the region and has worked as a Course Director for a masters program delivered in Addis Ababa.
Ann Garrison is a Black Agenda Report Contributing Editor based in the San Francisco Bay Area. In 2014, she received the Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza Democracy and Peace Prize for promoting peace through her reporting on conflict in the African Great Lakes Region. She can be reached on Twitter @AnnGarrison and at ann(at)anngarrison(dot)com. She is a frequent contributor to Global Research.
Featured image is from BAR


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Back when I was in college I had a stereotypical college professor – complete with the tweed jacket and the pipe.
This professor was a pretty bright fellow.
He was also quite fond at taking intellectual "pot shots" at Christianity.


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Q: Can we connect to LDAP using hibernate I wanted to understand whether we can connect Hibernate with LDAP. Tried searching for it but couldn't find a explanatory solution .

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LDAP is an application protocol managing a directory structure data.
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Hibernate is an ORM which requires a relational database as part of mapping whereas LDAP is just a data store not a database (specifically a RDBMS).
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Discussion in 'General Affiliate Marketing Forum' started by Rougen, Mar 5, 2015.
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Who can at least roughly to advise on these matters?
Where to look for suppliers of such equipment, software?
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Thank U. This is a very attractive option!!! If all is well, and will agree, then choose. Still have some options, but there it is doubtful.
Not for what! I think, all will turn out, if you have desire.
It seems that there are no more site owners of gambling. Probably all communicate at specialized sites.


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Samira Warsame
Katayoon Yousefbigloo
We acknowledge that CURRENT: Feminist Electronic Art Symposium is located in Vancouver on unceded Indigenous land belonging to the Coast Salish peoples, including the territories of the xʷməθkwəy̓əm (Musqueam), Skwxwú7mesh (Squamish), Səl̓ílwətaʔ/Selilwitulh (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations on whose territory we work, live and play.
Website by Cora Yiu
Colt Darling is a Two Spirit Trans emerging artist and facilitator from Vancouver of mixed Saulteaux, English, and Dutch heritage. They are a registered member of the Fishing Lake First Nation of Treaty 4 in Saskatchewan. Colt grew up in a grassroots minded family that worked with Indigenous teachings to help heal community.
They are passionate about decolonizing contemporary community structures and utilize these tools for work in harm reduction. Art has been a way to address the disconnect of self and with others and they honor the use of creating as an act of resistance that fights cultural genocide. They are influenced by the question of where they come from within traditional and contemporary society and how to hold tradition while releasing the idea that culture is stagnant.
Alanna Ho is an educator and community engaged artist based in New Westminster, BC. Her research is on deep play₁ , female representation and feminist activism in the arts, and accessible art programming in early education. The Rainbow Forecast Project was founded in 2016, a research initiative for the critical role of pedagogy in the arts, and empowering children and young womxn beyond the classroom.
Alanna is dedicated to integrating child-led play and pedagogy; inquiry and process based learning; high energy movement games; and 21st century learning skills into classrooms. Building meaningful connections from art with the constant overflow of childrens' ideas, aids the unravelling and discussion of sensitive topics such as the lack of diverse representation in the arts; environmental awareness.
www.alannaho.ca
Shanique Kelly, also known as Softieshan is a Vancouver born DJ and event producer. Shanique runs the Vancouver chapter of Intersessions, a grassroots organization with a mission to bridge the inequality gap facing women and members of the LGBTQ+ community in the music and nightlife industries through DJ workshops.
She has recently embarked on some innovative new collaborations with companies like Lululemon and Tight Club, bringing empowered, body-moving music to even broader audiences. Softieshan is a resident DJ at the Fox, the American, The Boxcar and The Clubhouse where she runs 'LEVEL UP' a monthly Queer Rap and Hip Hop party.
Tifanie Lamiel was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1989. She currently resides in Vancouver BC and holds a BFA in Sculpture from Emily Carr University of Art + Design.
Both playful and thoughtful, Tifanie's work is sculptural and often blends technology with ideas surrounding our social and environmental relationships. As a practitioner of mindfulness meditation, her work navigates everyday chaos with an optimism that is cautioned with humor. Since 2016, Tifanie has led and co-led free and low-cost art workshops for Arts Assembly, Current Symposium, BGCBC, Oppenheimer Park and the City of Vancouver.
Betty Mulat aka Venetta is an Ethiopian Canadian visual artist, producer, DJ, and event organizer based in Vancouver, BC. Venetta is the co-founder of NuZi, a music collective dedicated to providing a platform for black womxn in the Vancouver electronic music scene. Her Productions & DJ sets are energetic and unpredictable, displaying an affinity for acid, techno and electro. Mulat's Visual art explores the social frameworks of black identity; drawing on the African diasporic identity and celebrating black womxnhood. She is committed to reclaiming the black & brown roots of electronic dance music and creating black political spaces as a source of empowerment.
Rhi is the co-founder of Intersessions, co-founder of Elastic Collective, DJ, music fan first and foremost. More recently, Rhi founded Chao, an open format music curation and event entity meant to introduce Vancouver to global underground artists spanning all genres. It strives to connect local talent with the out of town guests and help build meaningful and authentic musical bonds.
Deanna (Dae) Shields is the founder of Afro Van Connect, Community Youth Activist, Musician, Designer, Marketing and Communications Manager and Events Coordinator. Deanna was born to a single mother shortly after her immigration to Brampton, Ontario from Jamaica. She was raised in a Christian household and was exposed to live music early on by her grandfather who was a reggae - gospel guitarist and vocalist. She eventually began performing with her church choir and discovered a profound connection to healing through the culture.
Shortly after arriving in Vancouver Deanna connected with the African Descent Society BC. The vision of the African Descent Society BC is to build a society enriched and interconnected through African descent Canadian arts, history and culture with a mandate to build a center for African Heritage Cultural Centre at Hogan's Alley. She began Afro Van Connect April 2019 to create a platform for young creatives to come and express themselves. One of the initiatives started by Afro Van Connect is hosted by Ital Blue. Using creative platforms such as music, art, poetry and dance they encourage community healing and celebrate culture, inspiring youth to serve their community with weekly gatherings called Afro Van Connect Presents: Ital Vibe Tuesday's. This is a space that gives young creatives the opportunity to come and express themselves, share ideas and connect. Ital Blue aims to bring their community together through messages of self-empowerment, healing and the value of connectivity.
@ital_blue @afrovanconnect
Ruby Smith-Diaz was born to Chilean and Jamaican parents in Edmonton – amiskwaciy and graduated from the University of Alberta with a degree in Education with distinction. Since graduating, she has found her passion working as a body positive personal trainer, multi-disciplinary artist, and by using art and popular education as tools for organizing, empowerment, and community building. She is the founder of her own arts based facilitation business, Tierra Negra Arts, and body positive personal training business, Autonomy Fitness.
Ruby has been living on unceded Musqueam, Squamish, and Tsleil Waututh Territories for the last seven years, and is currently involved in several projects, including launching an arts-based Black Histories & Futures Workshop series for youth in schools, and creating haunting dissonant soundscapes through her musical project, Eclipse. In her free time, Ruby enjoys dancing, bike riding, connecting with friends, singing, and reading.
Bboy turned DJ, Brian Tiger (WSUPTIGER) has been making waves in the city with the Vancouver collective Chapel Sound as well as on his own. From DJing in clubs to the underground as well as running a radio show on NFR to organizing community events and lots in between, Brian Tiger has been heightening the horizon on Vancouver's music & arts scene.
Samira Warsame is a queer Somali-Canadian singer/songwriter, DJ and event producer working from Coast Salish territories. She co-founded NuZi Collective in 2017— a project that holds space and provides a platform for Black and Indigenous, Trans and Queer Women of colour. Warsame aims to normalize the appearance and sound of queer rap and hip-hop in Vancouver, specifically in the underground electronic music scene.
Katayoon Yousefbigloo has worked to advocate for and support artists during her time as co-director of Red Gate Arts Society and co-owner of Horses Records, as well as through her curatorial work and independent publications.
CURRENT: Feminist Electronic Art Symposium is a multidisciplinary, intersectional, music and electronic art symposium working with women and non-binary artists in Vancouver and beyond.
The inaugural event took place in July of 2017 as a 3-day, multi-venue, music and arts showcase featuring events, panels, youth mentorships, and workshops. We expanded our programming in our second year which took place in July 2018 as a 5-day, multi-venue event which included performances, workshops, keynotes, panels, gallery exhibition, film screenings and community focus groups for municipal arts & culture policy recommendations.
This year's CURRENT Symposium will take the form of a Mentorship Program, in which selected applicants will participate in 3 full day sessions and receive a stipend. In these sessions, we wish to impart the skills necessary for our participants to continue making culture, from the embodied point of view of underrepresented communities. By following a localized curriculum, the Mentorship Program will prepare its participants in the areas of grant writing, curatorial vision development, community building, project planning, budgeting, networking, and multi-day event programming. All participants will be offered future cultural production opportunities where they can apply their skills through our future programming with our partners at New Forms Festival, FUSE at the Vancouver Art Gallery, James Black Gallery, Western Front, The Pace and VIVO Media Arts Centre in Vancouver.
The purpose of this structured mentorship program is so local emerging and aspiring cultural producers have an opportunity to learn from CURRENT's team and network on how to produce events and arts programming similar to CURRENT. We hope to nurture more BIPOC cultural producers in this city and contribute to BC's electronic art and cultural production pedagogy.


text:
U.S. county in North Dakota
Billings County
Billings County Courthouse in Medora, North Dakota
Location within the U.S. state of North Dakota
North Dakota's location within the U.S.
February 10, 1879 (created)
May 4, 1886 (organized)
Frederick H. Billings
4.6 sq mi (12 km2) 0.4%
0.82/sq mi (0.32/km2)
www.billingscountynd.gov
Billings County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 945,[1] making it the second-least populous county in North Dakota. Its county seat and only incorporated place is Medora.[2]
The Territorial legislature authorized Billings County on February 10, 1879, naming it for Northern Pacific Railway president Frederick H. Billings. It was organized on May 4, 1886. The original county boundary was significantly altered since its creation, by actions in 1883, 1885, 1887, 1896, 1901 and 1904. Its most significant alterations came in 1907 (Bowman County partitioned off), 1912 (Golden Valley County partitioned off), and 1914 (Slope County partitioned off).[3][4]
The Little Missouri River flows northward through the western portion of the county. Bullion Creek flows eastward into the southwestern corner of the county to discharge into the Little Missouri River.
Billings County terrain consists of rugged semi-arid hills in its western portion, giving way to more level ground in the east.[5] The terrain slopes to the east and south, with its highest terrain along its west boundary line, at 2,523' (769m) ASL.[6]
Billings County has a total area of 1,153 square miles (2,990 km2), of which 1,149 square miles (2,980 km2) is land and 4.6 square miles (12 km2) (0.4%) is water.[7] The South Unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park lies in the central part of the county, just north of Medora.
McKenzie County – north
Dunn County – northeast
Stark County – east
Slope County – south
Golden Valley County – west
Little Missouri National Grassland (part)
Sully Creek State Park
Theodore Roosevelt National Park (South Unit)[8]
1900 975 473.5%
US Decennial Census[9]
1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11]
1990-2000[12] 2010-2020[1]
As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 888 people, 366 households, and 255 families in the county. The population density was 0.79 people per square mile (0.31/km2). There were 529 housing units at an average density of 0.45 per square mile (0.18/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 98.96% White, 0.11% Native American, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. 0.34% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 44.2% were of German, 17.5% Ukrainian, 8.2% Norwegian and 5.4% Irish ancestry.
There were 366 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.6% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.95.
The county population contained 24.9% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 112.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.4 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $32,667, and the median income for a family was $35,750. Males had a median income of $32,500 versus $21,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,186. About 10.7% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.0% of those under age 18 and 12.8% of those age 65 or over.
As of the 2010 census, there were 783 people, 358 households, and 223 families in the county.[13] The population density was 0.7 inhabitants per square mile (0.27/km2). There were 484 housing units at an average density of 0.4 per square mile (0.15/km2).[14] The racial makeup of the county was 98.6% white, 0.5% Asian, 0.4% American Indian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.1% from other races, and 0.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.5% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 40.6% were German, 19.1% were Ukrainian, 17.7% were Norwegian, 9.3% were Irish, 7.4% were Russian, 5.0% were English, and 0.9% were American.[15]
Of the 358 households, 19.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 1.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 37.7% were non-families, and 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.72. The median age was 48.6 years.[13]
The median income for a household in the county was $51,923 and the median income for a family was $61,250. Males had a median income of $46,806 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,666. About 6.8% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.[16]
Population by decade
Billings County voters have been traditionally Republican. In each of the last five elections (as of 2016) the Republican candidate has received over seventy percent of the county's vote.[17] However, it has some third party or independent interest. Billings county gave Ross Perot over twenty percent of the vote in his 1992 and 1996 campaigns.[18][19] It gave Pat Buchanan approximately six percent when he ran as the Reform Party's candidate in 2000.[20]
Presidential election results
Presidential elections results[21]
2020 85.2% 541 11.3% 72 3.5% 22
2016 81.8% 495 9.8% 59 8.4% 51
2008 75.2% 375 22.9% 114 2.0% 10
1996 55.4% 281 22.9% 116 21.7% 110
1968 61.9% 395 27.3% 174 10.8% 69
1964 49.4% 340 50.6% 348
1956 63.4% 437 36.0% 248 0.6% 4
1924 48.3% 421 3.7% 32 48.0% 418
1912 35.3% 671 28.8% 547 35.9% 681[b]
1904 85.1% 256 12.3% 37 2.7% 8
The Bully Pulpit Golf Course is located three miles south of Medora and the Maah Daah Hey Trail single track non-motorized trail starts 30 miles south of Medora.
Medora (county seat)
Unorganized Territories
North Billings
South Billings
Unincorporated communities
Fryburg
Sully Springs
National Register of Historic Places listings in Billings County, North Dakota
^ The total for 1910 includes populations (8,009) of townships taken to form Golden Valley in 1912, and Slope Counties in 1915.
^ The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 495 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 161 votes and Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin received 25 votes.
^ a b "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Billings County, North Dakota". www.census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
^ "County History". Official Portal for North Dakota State Government. Archived from the original on February 2, 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
^ ND County History/Billings County (accessed February 14, 2019)
^ Billings County ND Google Maps (accessed February 14, 2019)
^ ""Find an Altitude" Billings County ND - Google Maps (accessed February 14, 2019)". Archived from the original on May 21, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on January 29, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ Natl Park Srvc/TRNP/South Unit Map (accessed 14 February 2019)
^ "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). US Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ a b c "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^ "Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^ "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^ The New York Times Electoral Map (Zoom in on North Dakota)
^ David Leip's Presidential Election Atlas - 1992 statistics
^ Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
Billings County map, North Dakota DOT
Places adjacent to Billings County, North Dakota
McKenzie County Dunn County
Billings County, North Dakota
Slope County
Municipalities and communities of Billings County, North Dakota, United States
County seat: Medora
North Dakota portal
United States portal
State of North Dakota
Bismarck (capital)
LGBT history
Seal of North Dakota
Missouri Coteau
Drift Prairie
Larger cities
pop. over 5,000
Smaller cities
pop. 1,000–5,000
Ellendale
Hankinson
Kenmare
New Rockford
Oakes
Park River
Velva
Wishek
Griggs
Kidder
LaMoure
Rolette
North Dakota counties
Dickinson, North Dakota micropolitan area
1886 establishments in Dakota Territory


text:
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PermissionResult::~PermissionResult() = default;

}  // namespace content

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Over 70 years ago an enterprising Mrs. N. Fernandes started making curry pastes and pickles in the sleepy town of Pune, high up in the Western Ghats, 100 miles East of Old Bombay, India.
preserve their own pickles. She successfully pioneered the concept of wet condiment curry pastes in an exciting range of different recipes and flavours and forever captured the imagination of the DIY Cook.
Though much has changed with the passage of time, Mrs. N. Fernandes\' pastes and pickles are still made by her family in Pune, yet with nothing more added than the best local spices and produce.
The old world building where it all started 70 years ago, is today the hub of a world-wide operation. Fom here, Ferns\' sends its products to kitchens that relish and cater to authentic Indian cooking.
Ferns\' uses improved, sophisticated and efficient processes for the manufacture of their products. The unique processing method employed gives its products their special flavour and ensures a high standard of safety and hygiene.
We continue listening to what the world wants and that has enables us to adapt to changing requirements and needs, reflected in the wide acceptance in world markets that has established the Ferns\' range as a unique and authentic representation of the flavours of India.


text:
Gordon, Kate M. (1861-1932)
Mentions (1)
Rosa J. McClintock to Jane Addams, April 24, 1911
Kate M. Gordon served as the president of the Woman's League and the Era Club. Gordon led female taxpayers to call for better sewage and drainage in New Orleans. On voting day, she obtained 300 proxies and cast, by many accounts, more votes in one day than any other American before her, an act which earned her a Progressive Union Medal. From 1901 to 1909, she served as the national corresponding secretary of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Gordon went on to organize the Southern States Woman Suffrage Conference in 1913 and worked as the organization's president until 1917. In 1926, she became the Vice President of the New Orleans Anti-Tuberculosis Hospital and in 1931, she was appointed as superintendent of the Milen Home for Feeble-Minded Girls.
Gordon died in 1932.
Image from the Library of Congress
ProgressiveSocial WelfareWoman SuffrageWomenWomen's Rights
DeLisi, Julianne
First appears
Cast 300 Votes in One Day, The Minneapolis Journal June 7, 1901, p. 10
Medal as a Memento, The Times-Democrat July 19, 1899, p. 6
Miss Kate Gordon, Welfare Worker, Dies in New Orleans, The Town Talk August 24, 1932, p. 1
"Gordon, Kate M. (1861-1932)," Jane Addams Digital Edition, accessed July 18, 2019, https://digital.janeaddams.ramapo.edu/items/show/4627.


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text:
Q: Rails: Using a Textarea for :has_many relationship Hey guys, first question here.
I have a couple of Products and Users that can put those Products on Wishlists.
A User can have many Wishlists (for different purposes).
Products can be added to Wishlists, but there's additional information involved: you have to specify an amount of a certain Product. This logic is used in the Inclusion, which has a field quantity.
  Class Wishlist
    belongs_to :user # User class is irrelevant here
    has_many :inclusions
    has_many :products, :through => :inclusions
  end

  Class Product
    has_many :inclusions
    has_many :wishlists, :through => :inclusions
  end

  Class Inclusion
    belongs_to :product
    belongs_to :wishlist
  end

This is all working great, but now for the real question.
Wishlists should be edited through textareas. The syntax is simple: quantity productname.
All users use this syntax.
For example, editing a Wishlist should look like this:
<textarea>
    1 Bicycle
    4 Shoe
    1 Telephone
</textarea>

When the form is submitted, all the logic should be dealt with behind the scenes. So if the "1 Telephone" is taken off, the Inclusion should be destroyed. If a line is added or modified, the corresponding Inclusion should be created or updated, so that the database is synchronized with the contents of that textarea.
I have searched high and low, but could not find a solution for this.
Thanks in advance!

A: This is a bad idea, but for the sake of letting you learn from your own mistakes…

*

*Wrap your textarea-data attribute setter method to include functionality to…

*Parse out the relevant information from each line in the text area and…

*Call the original setter method for each.

*Do the opposite on the getter.

Your validations, associations, etc. all still work, and your logic to handle this is neatly packaged so that you can easily throw it away later if/when you run into problems.


text:
Researchers identify genes linked to cataract formation
by Beth Miller, University of Delaware
Graduate student Archana Siddam and post-doctoral fellow Deepti Anand studied genetic links to cataracts with Salil Lachke, assistant professor and Pew Scholar .
When cataracts encroach on the eyes, the only effective remedy is to surgically replace the eyes' lenses with synthetic substitutes.
But what if scientists found a way to delay or prevent cataracts from forming in the first place?
Researchers at the University of Delaware may have found such an opportunity by identifying the prime suspects in the formation of cataracts – deficiency of two genes that encode regulatory proteins.
When those two genes are unable to do their work, the lenses of the eyes become cloudy and develop cataracts, no aging process or damaging exposure to radiation required.
Cataracts, the leading cause of blindness, can have a genetic basis.
The discoveries emerged in the laboratory of UD biologist Salil Lachke, assistant professor of biological sciences and a Pew Scholar in biomedical sciences.
Lachke and graduate students Smriti Agrawal, Archana Siddam and post-doctoral fellow Deepti Anand study lens development in mice to better understand the genetic mechanisms that lead to cataracts in humans.
Their findings, published in the journal Human Genetics, could contribute to interventions that one day delay or prevent cataract formation, which now afflicts more than half of the U.S. population over 80 years old and costs Medicare an estimated $3 billion in treatment every year.
The study was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and a Fight For Sight grant-in-aid award to Lachke.
Lachke compares the lens of the eye to the lens of a camera. A clear lens, free of internal scratches and other damage, transmits a clear image to the retina. Vision is impaired and can be lost completely when lens deterioration is unaddressed.
Lachke and his students wanted to understand the genetic factors involved in keeping the lens transparent and whether disrupting their function allowed cataracts to form.
They found answers in the proteins that regulate expression of genes necessary for transparency, demonstrating that deficiency of two regulatory proteins – called Mafg and Mafk – led to formation of cataracts.
The lens of the eye is made up of several kinds of proteins, Lachke said. Some are essential to transcribing genetic information and promoting healthy development.
Smriti Agrawal, shown here at Baylor College of Medicine, was part of the cataract research team in Salil Lachke's lab at the University of Delaware.
To zero in on the genes essential to lens transparency – distinguishing them from normal day-to-day genetic function – Lachke's lab used the integrated Systems Tool for Eye Gene Discovery (iSyTE), a web-based bioinformatics tool initiated by Lachke during his post-doctoral work at Harvard Medical School and now hosted at UD's Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology.
With iSyTE, Lachke and his fellow researchers were able to identify the genes critical to lens formation and develop a detailed roadmap of the network controlled by the Mafg and Mafk proteins.
When these regulatory proteins were compromised, several genes responsible for lens transparency were "turned down" and cataracts formed about four months after birth.
"The lens pathology in the compound mutants is severe," said Agrawal, now studying human genetics in a doctoral program at the Baylor College of Medicine in Texas. "The lens appears to be completely opaque and the fiber cells that comprise the tissue lose their structural organization."
Using a microarray – a collection of thousands of DNA probes on a small chip – researchers can look at the expression of all the genes in the lens, Agrawal said, and bioinformatics allows them to identify the specific targets of regulatory proteins such as Mafg and Mafk.
The discoveries were exciting to be part of, she said.
"When I first found out that the mutant mice exhibited cataract, I ran to Dr. Lachke," she said.
It was a "eureka!" moment, she said.
The iSyTE tool has many other uses, Lachke said, and it is available to other researchers and to the public.
"In just four years, application of the iSyTE tool has significantly expedited eye disease gene discovery, having led to identification of several new – and often unexpected – genes linked to cataracts," he said.
The list of iSyTE-identified genes includes a novel post-transcriptional regulator called TDRD7, commonly involved in germ cell development across various animal species, he said. TDRD7 was shown by Lachke to be linked to human cataract in a research article published in Science.
"There are 22,000 protein-coding genes in our genome - and far less than half are characterized," Lachke said. "Extending the iSyTE approach to other components of the eye and other tissues or organs will greatly expedite disease gene discovery and advance our understanding of the human genome."
Working with Lachke has been an outstanding experience, his three co-authors said.
"He gives us intellectual freedom," Siddam said. "We always go back and run our ideas through him, but he will challenge you and make you think outside the box."
"He likes to include state-of-the-art approaches," Anand said. "He never says 'No' – he tries to understand our ideas."
"And even if they are almost technically impossible, he would never just say 'No,'" Siddam said. "He would appreciate the thought process."
Innovation and discovery happens more freely in such an environment, they said.
"If you want to make breakthroughs, you need to take risks," Anand said.
Agrawal said working with Lachke on cataract research at UD inspired her to pursue her doctorate research on understanding the genetic basis of other eye diseases. Her research now focuses on retinal diseases.
Siddam said top researchers from around the world approached them at a recent conference to discuss the work of the Lachke Lab.
"The credibility of the research here drives us to do more," she said.
'Alzheimer's protein' plays role in maintaining eye health and muscle strength
More information: "Compound mouse mutants of bZIP transcription factors Mafg and Mafk reveal a regulatory network of non-crystallin genes associated with cataract" Human Genetics July 2015, Volume 134, Issue 7, pp 717-735 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1554-5
Journal information: Human Genetics , Science
Provided by University of Delaware
Citation: Researchers identify genes linked to cataract formation (2015, June 18) retrieved 16 July 2019 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2015-06-genes-linked-cataract-formation.html
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Genetic variation linked to cognitive differences after radiation for pediatric medulloblastoma
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Sprooch Wëssen zu Lëtzebuerg · Connaissances linguistiques au Luxembourg · Sprachkenntnisse in LuxemburgOfficial languages in Luxembourg : Luxemburgish, French, German Sub-titling of films & TV: No An interactive visualisation of language knowledge in Europe, based on the European Commission's Eurobarometer data. Click any language to explore how widely it is spoken in each country or click a country to explore which languages are most spoken within in.
Percentage of people in Luxembourg who speak the languages below as a mother tongue or foreign language.


text:
Golden sea route
Seeing the displeased look on chairman Cruise's face, Xu Yi could only reveal a bitter smile.
Ambassador Hakanin worked hard on this road at first and Xu Yi was happy about this, thinking that he would finally open the door to the Candra Empire. He would let them understand the convenience of the roads and then the same effects in the Lampuri Kingdom would happen in the Candra Empire.
However, he never thought that when the Amrit Chamber of Commerce paved the road in the southwest province, they would encounter all kinds of strange hindrances. The most important problem was that the efficiency of the workers of the southeast province of the Candra Empire was just too low. It also took a long time just for them to get any clearance to use small pieces of land, which greatly delayed the construction.
Moreover, those officials bared quite a bit. According to what chairman Cruise said, in just half a year of starting the road, the Amrit Chamber of Commerce had paid over three hundred thousand gold coins which was almost half the cost of the road itself.
Moreover, most of the actual investment came from the Frestech Chamber of Commerce, with a bit of it coming from the Amrit Chamber of Commerce. The Candra Empire wasn't paying a single copper coin, but they were enjoying the various benefits that the road brought. For the Frestech Chamber of Commerce and the Amrit Chamber of Commerce, this was a business that really made them suffer.
This made chairman Cruise unhappy with the Candra Empire. However, the road was already half complete and it had a big significance, so even if he wasn't happy, he could only endure it.
Xu Yi thought about it before helplessly patting chairman Cruise's shoulder and comforting him, "This is the first road after all, just endure it for now. As long as this road is finished, I don't believe that the Candra Empire wouldn't be able to see the benefits it brings. As long as they want to continue building roads, they will look for your company. When that time comes, you'll be able to get back the grievances that you suffered building this road."
Chairman Cruise gave a cold snort, "I'm not as optimistic as you. From what I can see, the Candra Empire is rotting from the head down. Even if they realize the benefits of the roads, we wouldn't be able to get any benefits."
Xu Yi narrowed his eyes and revealed a cold smile, "When that time comes, it might not be up to them."
Chairman Cruise looked at Xu Yi with a strange look.
He could sense danger from Xu Yi's words, but where did that danger come from?
The Candra Empire was one of the two empires of the Sines Continent. Xu Yi wouldn't have the courage to do anything to the Candra Empire, right?
Xu Yi waved his hand and stopped this topic. He reached his finger out to tap on the last red line.
"Actually, compared to the road through the Candra Empire, I feel that the road that connects the furthest southern part of the continent is even more difficult. Cruise, do you have any confidence?"
Cruise looked at the road that ran along the southern sea to the east that started from the Candra Empire, finally drawing a red line across the coast and he revealed a bitter smile.
"I say, Xu Yi, I thought that the idea of those fellows from the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom was just their fantasy, but I never thought that you would take it seriously. Did you forget what I said last time? In theory, building this road that connects the continent's east and west is possible, but the biggest problem is that it costs too much. Didn't I calculate for you last time, to build this road, it would take over fifty million gold coins. This much money…...we can't take it out even if we sold our companies."
"That's why I said last time that it wouldn't be finished in a year or two." Xu Yi gave a shrug, "Moreover, the three transport lines that I've planned can't be completed in a short period of time. If I had to choose one, I would want this one to be built first."
Seeing Xu Yi point at the top most red line, chairman Cruise let out a sigh of relief.
"It seems like you really aren't crazy. Not bad, compared to the rest, this road can be finished right now. Whether it is the Stantine Duchy, the Lampuri Kingdom, or the Drake Duchy, they already have roads in them. We just need to pave some roads in the Falk Kingdom. As for the Marlow Empire…...it'll depend on the cooperation between you and the Marlow Empire."
Seeing chairman Cruise's doubtful gaze, Xu Yi nodded with a faint smile, "I have confidence in Marquis Southgate. If nothing unexpected happens, he will be sending news soon."
The two of them discussed the three planned roads for a while before chairman Cruise left.
After Xu Yi sent him off, he went back to the map and looked at it for a long time. He then took out a pen and starting from the Frestech Chamber of Commerce's main base, he started going out west. He drew a blue line through the endless seas that then turned south, bypassing the Stantine Duchy, the Rudson Kingdom, and the Candra Empire until it reached the coast of the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom.
The Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom had already finished their harbour for five months now, the Frestech Chamber of Commerce's transport fleet had been making round trips each month. They had already finished five transport trips, establishing a sea line between the southwest and southeast coasts of the continent.
To build the road that ran across the south coast that chairman Cruise called the most difficult road on the Sines Continent was just too hard right now. So for now, the most reliable method of connecting the east and west coasts was this sea route.
After five trips, the Frestech Chamber of Commerce had brought a large amount of goods and people to the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom. They had already started building the cement factory and a steel mill in the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom.
With the current plan, they would be able to start producing by the start of next year. Then with the manpower that the Frestech Chamber of Commerce would invest, they would be able to build a production base in the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom, striving to promote magic machines in the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom.
Before this production base was built, the Frestech Chamber of Commerce wasn't idle. Through the transport fleet, they sent many of the agricultural and construction magic machines the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom currently needed, as well as various kinds of popular household magic machines.
Accordingly, the Frestech Chamber of Commerce had gained a large amount of medicines and beast furs from the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom. After they were shipped back to the Stantine Duchy, they were sold in the surrounding countries which earned them quite a bit.
With just five round trips, the Frestech Chamber of Commerce had earned over two million gold coins.
So the top members of the Frestech Chamber of Commerce had already called this sea route, "golden sea route".
Looking over the map, Xu Yi put his pen back on the Frestech Chamber of Commerce's main base before bringing it to the west into the endless seas.
This time he went north, past the Black Rice Wasteland, the Sack Kingdom, the Alas Kingdom to the northeast of the continent, entering the northern seas.
But when he finished this line, Xu Yi paused before stopping and slightly knitting his brows.
Although Xu Yi had never been to the countries in the north, according to the various books he read, the north of the continent was very cold once winter came. Even the endless seas were covered in thick ice, so they couldn't sail on the seas at all.
So this route was impossible to be open all year round like the southern route.
After considering it, Xu Yi continued drawing his line across the north seas to the east, finally stopping in the center of the north of the continent.
This was the northern coast of the Marlow Empire. If they could establish a route, they would be able to transport goods on the sea to the Marlow empire, which would without a doubt improve the relationship between the Frestech Chamber of Commerce and the Marlow Empire.
Looking over the Marlow Empire on the map, Xu Yi's eyes turned to the northeast corner of the continent. He drew another line from the Marlow Empire's coast to the east, reaching this northeast corner before going down a bit. He came all the way down to the Nozdormu Business Union Kingdom in the southeast, linking it up with the southern trade route.
Like this, it was as if the blue sea trade route wrapped around the entire continent.
In theory, the Frestech Chamber of Commerce could rely on sea transportation to bring goods to any country near the sea on the continent.
Of course, most of the countries on the continent weren't by the sea. To send the Frestech Chamber of Commerce's goods to every part of the continent, they couldn't just rely on sea transportation.
This was the main reason why Xu Yi wanted to lay out these three main roads.
But laying these roads really was too difficult. Other than the most important problem of money, the biggest hindrance was the attitudes of the other countries.
Xu Yi believed that the Falk Kingdom would agree to the road in the north, but the Marlow Empire's attitude was not something he was certain on.
The middle road connected to the Candra Empire, but with the Candra Empire's current performance, it didn't seem optimistic.
"This giant empire, could it be that they really are rotten like Cruise said?"
Xu Yi knit his brows to look at the Marlow Empire that was quite a bit bigger than the Candra Empire and couldn't help giving a sigh.
At this time, there were the sounds of soft footsteps that came from the door that pulled Xu Yi back from his thoughts.
Looking over, he saw Teresa's little head poking through the door with a cautious look on her face.
Seeing that Xu Yi was looking over, Teresa shrank back like a frightened rabbit, but she still popped out after hesitating a bit.
Xu Yi narrowed his eyes to look over her before saying with a faint smile, "Come in."


2019-1-19 An Item Box as it appears in Sonic Adventure.. The appearance of Item Boxes has changed on several occasions. In the early games of the series, they took the form of grey, rectangular cubic television Monitors with the icon of the power-up contained inside shown on the flickering screen.
food.health.life. This Moroccan style quinoa salad is a perfect example of how healthy food can be full of taste and flavour, as well as incredibly simple to make.
2019-1-6 The emphasis of this educational reference is on words and phrases that appear in published works about war and military service; and amongst this jargon and slang, there is no pretense of objectivity or completeness, which may be readily found in official documents or government resources.
2009-2-10 Comment by TED MUNDA - May 12, 2009 at 9:24 am . Start a vineyard/winery in Newberg/Dundee Oregon. I know your rules state that the business must break even in 60 days, profit in 90.but these guys are making a killing!
Anderson Meadow Reservoir. Longitude / Latitude 112°26'01"W 38°12'38" N. Getting There Anderson Meadow Reservoir is accessible from a gravel road across the north slope of Circleville Mountain also passing by Kents Lake and LaBaron Lake.


text:
NOVEMBER 2022 Economy and Policy
River Diversion can be a Milestone in Country's Agro-economic Growth
2022-11-14 19:50:45 0 299 times read 6 min 37 sec to read
Two river diversion projects are currently underway in the country
--BY RAJENDRA PRASAD ADHIKARI
Of the 225 billion cubic metres of surface water obtained yearly from the monsoon rain and snow melt, less than 10% are in productive utilisation within the country's boundary. Remaining flow as floods, inundating lowlands of Tarai before entering the Indian territory. The meagre utilisation of the country's water resources in agricultural and hydropower sectors is mainly attributed to the country's rugged topography which makes the water resources extraction project expensive. Recent advancements in river water transformation technology by digging tunnels through geographical barriers like hills have not only helped take water flow to a desirable elevation for power generation but also helped to divert water to the drought-affected areas, despite their colossal cost.
After the successful completion of diversion of water from Bheri river in Surkhet to Babai river of Banke through a 12.2-kilometre tunnel, a similar project is under execution along BP Highway in Sindhuli and Ramechap districts - about 120 kilometres south-east of Kathmandu. The project will divert a part of the Sunkoshi river water flow (77 cubic metres per second) to Marin river in Kusumtar of Kamalamai Municipality through a 13.3-kilometre tunnel across the Chure hill. After flowing for nearly 10 kilometres, the water reaches Bagmati Irrigation Barrage to augment year round irrigation service to 122,000 hectares of arable land covering five districts of Madhesh Province - Bara, Rauthut, Siraha, Sarlahi, and Saptari.
Apart from agricultural use, these two river diversion projects also generate hydropower owing to the steep tunnel slope - 46 MW and 28.62 MW, respectively, from Bheri-Babai and Sunkoshi-Marin projects.
Unlike the conventional drill and blast tunnelling methods that took a considerable time for the 28-kilometre Melamchi tunnel to divert drinking water to Kathmandu valley, technically advanced machine has been utilised for tunnel digging works in both Sunkoshi-Marin and Bheri- Babai river diversion projects. Despite the cumbersome task of transporting a tunnel boring machine (TBM) from the factory to the construction site and the high upfront cost, the simplicity and steady tunnel boring and simultaneously supporting tunnel wall with precast concrete segments as the tunnel deepens further is a state-of-the-art dexterous performance of the mechanised tunnelling work.
The TMB basically comprises a rotating drum with a circular disc at the front mounted with metal cutters of various types and sizes followed by a thrust system and trailing support mechanism. The sequential performance of TBM involves the following steps: the disc cutter exerts compressive stress against the encountered rocks to fracture; the cracking rock chips from the tunnel face called the muck are transported outside the tunnel by means of a conveyor to the muck car to depose suitably; the rear part of the machine erects concrete segments to support excavated tunnel walls; and the thrust cylinder of the machine either supporting against the concrete segments or the firm rock of the tunnel pushes the entire set up further ahead to continuously repeat its job. The entry of the machine from one end and its exit from the other end signifies the completion of the tunnel. The pace of performance was nearly 700 metres to a kilometre a month in the recently accomplished Bheri-Babai water diversion tunnel.
Both the river water diversion schemes - both designated as national pride projects - are costlier projects compared to conventional tunnel approach. The Sunkoshi-Marin project aims at irrigating 150,000 hectares of land in drought-prone Madhesh Pradesh while also generating 28.62 MW of hydro electricity with the total cost estimates of Rs 83.51 billion. The per MW cost is estimated at a whopping Rs 1.61 billion. The project is made viable with the multiple use of water in non-consumptive hydropower and consumptive irrigation under the assumption that the entire agricultural area of 150,000 remains productive with highly extensive seasonal cropping .The cost incurred in the project can thus be recovered by selling these products in the local market at prevailing cost.
In the present context of skyrocketing trade deficit, especially in daily consuming agricultural produce with India, extensive agriculture farming in the Madhesh Province by using diverted irrigation water from the snow-fed Sunkoshi river looks highly lucrative in achieving project report perceived 17.7% Economic Internal Rate of Return (EIRR). However, it is to be noted with caution that despite being an agricultural driven economy and yearly colossal budgetary investment to enhance productivity yield, it is quite disheartening to know that Nepali kitchen has been regularly run by the imported commodities. We have been buying daily consumable food items such as rice and lintels, vegetables and fruits, including dairy and animal products spending remitted foreign currencies hard-earned by our youth in foreign land. Once a rice exporting country, the agricultural productivity in Nepal has now deteriorated to such a level that the central bank has to curtail imports in order to accumulate foreign currency reserves to ensure food security for the Nepali people. Further, the vast stretch of agricultural land, which would see massive cultivation of rice and wheat a couple of decades back, has now been turned into fragmented land strips in the name of urbanisation and settlement extension. It would be no wonder that by the time these expensive water diversion tunnel projects start delivering water to the designated agricultural land within the scope of the projects, the ever-extending and unregulated urbanisation would turn agricultural land into a concrete jungle .
It is quite relevant to cite some exemplary cases here. Chitwan , once a government-focused district for irrigated agriculture development with the execution of highly expensive Narayani lift irrigation, Kahgeri and East Rapti irrigation projects, has turned into a settlement, leaving the irrigation water delivering infrastructure redundant. Irrigated areas are turning into urban settlements at a fast pace in Sunsari-Morang in the east and Mahakali in the west. The proposed agriculture development area with ground water extraction in Bhairahawa-Lumbini Ground Water Development Project, a project given high priority by the government and the World Bank, has only traces left for cultivation with urban settlement covering the majority of the area.
It is very wise to understand that the huge investment made in mega projects are economically justified based on the estimated future crop production capacity increment after water reaches the field for irrigation. If the stipulated land area as envisioned in cost benefit analysis of the project is not available due to rapid urbanisation, the expected outcome cannot be recovered precisely, thereby turning a once economically prosperous project to cost overburdened one. A regulatory policy coherence with all the three levels of governments has to be brought forward in order to get a long-term economic benefit from the agricultural area as envisioned in the economic analysis of the project. It not only helps the country recover the heavy cost incurred in the diversion projects, but also supports significantly in reducing agriculture trade deficit.
Once 150,000 hectares of land start getting irrigation facilities from Sunkoshi-Marin and 52,000 hectares from Bheri-Babai, we will have high crop production on one hand and various attributes of an agriculture-driven economy on the other hand. These include value additions on agricultural commodities such as storing inside modern warehouses, properly grading and packaging by using environment friendly biodegradable bags of different sizes and shapes, quality control in compliance with the international practices, and transporting to national and international markets. As all these activities demand manual and machine-oriented skills, Nepali youth can get dignified jobs in the country's agro-industry. Land and water-based agriculture industries powered by locally produced hydroelectricity and run by the country's youth to feed the Nepali population can be achieved, making agriculture an engine for the country's economic growth.
(Adhikari is an engineer and served Nepal government in various high level capacities.)


Today's special and this week's feature is the Mad Sweet Heat and Bacon Nachos. Our tri-colored nachos topped with mixed cheese, bacon, Mad Sweet Heat Candied Jalapenos, lettuce, tomatoes, diced onions served with a side of salsa, sour cream and guacamole for only $8.25.
Soups are the Broccoli Cheese, Tomato Tortellini, Chicken Tortilla along with our in house favorites of Chili, Chicken Noodle and Lobster Bisque.


It's true, if you build it, they will come.
The first two months knowing the Alsaeid's has been full of newness, of learning (English and Arabic) of learning Canadian systems and cultures, and of how we structure our lives with appointments and schedules- so foreign for the Alsaeid's. The kids are all in school and the parents are studying English in daily classes; a full-time pursuit at the moment. There are challenges and obstacles, but that is when we as sponsors step up to help. We are not only friends but we are here to help navigate systems, to find resources, to figure out the next step.
My latest and most uplifting success happened yesterday. Rewarding is an understatement. It was pretty much the best day ever watching soccer coach and creator of Soccer Without Boundaries, Jean Claude Munyezamu set up a new soccer program for any and all refugee and newcomer kids who live in or near the NE of Calgary. I contacted Jean Claude a week or so ago and asked him if he could start of NE soccer program since his only program was in the SW and transportation was an issue. Jean Claude and I met last week and he said, "when should we start?". My response was an enthusiastic "right now, this week", so together (along with his team of coaches and trainers, and both of our volunteers and a translator) we made it happen.
What he does for these refugee and immigrant kids is gives them confidence through soccer, teaches them discipline through soccer and gives them a focus and purpose, a place to belong, friends and FIFA certified coaches and trainers to make it real. They are on a team.
Kids came from around the neighbourhood, since once the balls are dropped, kids show up. Soccer shoes are donated and provided for the kids to take home. They are told to come back next week, every week, all summer until the snow flies and the program moves inside for the winter.
A special thanks to volunteers like Victoria Morgan who brought post-practice oranges, gear and her can-do, get it done attitude. Victoria not only makes things happen but she keeps everything upbeat.
p.s In case you do not know of him, Jean Claude is the main character in Will Ferguson's latest book called "Road Trip Rwanda". Great book, be sure to add it to your spring reading list.The NE soccer club runs every Saturday at 2 pm in Vista Heights School park.
All newcomer kids, all ages of kids, are welcome!
It is FREE and soccer shoes provided. Tell one, tell all!