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Home > Businesses > Theatres
Old Chester, PA: Business
Be sure to click the thumbnails below to see the full-size picture. Business Name Location Owner/Operator Dates of Operation Comments:
Apollo 3rd & Lloyd
1006 W. 3rd St.
(North side of 3rd St., east of Lloyd St.)
Samuel Whiteley, manager much of the 1950's Originally opened as the Lloyd in 1926 Destroyed by fire c. 1976
Seating = 700
Per the Chester Times Yearbook & Almanac, 1929
"My grandfather, Samuel Whiteley, was the manager of the Apollo theater for much of the 1950s. I can remember going as a child to see all the Alan Freed rock and roll movies. The Apollo, the Mac, and the Strand theaters were all owned by the same man, whose nickname was Mac. Does anyone remember his full name?
My grandparents lived at 325 Lloyd Street. My father, Samuel Whiteley, Jr, was born there in 1917. I think my father graduated from Chester High in 1934, in the winter. Unfortunately, that's the one yearbook you don't have! With the Depression going on, my father couldn't afford to buy the yearbook. I would love to see one. My father died in 1999."
Sandy Whiteley
Benn 4th & Central Ave. Originally opened in 1939 as the Rio; later became the Roxy
Bijou Dream Theater 12 W. 3rd St. ? - before 1915
Biograph 407 Market St. ? - before 1915
Boyd Photo couresty of David Andrews,
dandrewsdh@aol.com Boyd 8th & Welsh Last owner: Universal Theaters, Edward R. Saretsky, Pres. Thanksgiving Day, November 28, 1935 - Sunday night before 6/21/1979 2006: The Boyd Theatre building currently houses Haven of Hope Church.
On November 27, 1934 Lord's Garage, Berman Brothers Auto Service was demolished to make way for the construction of the Boyd.
The Boyd opened on Thanksgiving Day (November 28), 1935 with Will Rogers in "Judge Priest".
Purchased from Boyd Theater Corp. of Chester on March 8, 1971 by Anthony Pileggi & William J. Coopersmith
Sold to Cinema Art Theatres, Inc., Philadelphia, on January 2, 1972.
Last owner - Universal Theaters, Edward R. Saretsky, Pres.
The Boyd Theater sold for $37,500 on January 27, 1991.
"I remember that when Ben Hur came to the Boyd there was an line so long it nearly wrapped around the block! I had to wait through several showings until I was able to get in! Later, in high school, I went to work at the Boyd as a usher. In the manager's office was a photograph of the long lines for Ben Hur.
"I remember working there during winter, about 1968, when the heater contoller broke and nearly blew up the boiler in the basement. It filled the whole theater with smoke and the theater had to be closed for repairs."
Jim Crawford,
jcrawford1@ess.ihs.dhhs.gov
Casino Theater 7th & Sproul Streets
Chester Amusement Palace 318 Market St. George Leslie 1906 - before 1915
Drake's Theater 4th & Central ? - 1928 - ?
Click for large picture
Photo courtesy of Delaware County Historical Society
Edgmont Theater Homer Lord, manager 1924 1917 - October 1924: Transferred to the Stanley Co. of America by J. Fred Zimmerman.
Eddy Theater
Family Theater 7th St. & Chester Creek Later known as the Princess Theater
Grand 3rd & Market St.
(East side of Market St. north of 3rd)
1911 - Later, 2 stores to the north were combined with this store to form the remodeled Grand Theatre
Seating = 1400
"Chester's leading photo-play theatre"
See Washburn Theatre photo below couresty of David Andrews,
dandrewsdh@aol.com Hargreaves Opera House 7th St. between Edgmont Ave. & Sproul St. October 20, 1890 - ?
(by 1925 it was Washburn's Theatre and became the State Theatre in 1936.)
Lloyd 3rd & Lloyd 1926 - Later called the Apollo
Lyric 3rd & Market ? - 1915 Closed by 1915 when the Grand expanded into this space.
Click for large pictures
Courtesy of Wally Wolenski
Courtesy of Barbara Usavage Montello
Lyric 3rd & Highland (1) Originally opened as the Macon in 1918 "I remember going to the Lyric movie theater around 1959-1960. I was about 8 yrs. old and remember paying .15 cents to see 2 Saturday matinee features! :)
I remember a drawing of a Lyre, an ancient harplike instrument on the front of the building.
It was also at the Lyric that I saw the scary movie (at least for an 8 yr. old!) THE BLOB!!!!
Fran Farrar
Fran24331@aol.com
Photo courtesy of Florence Smalley Knott
Mac 9th & Walnut St. (1) February 1939 - ? "I remember the 10 cent kiddie show on Saturdays "Air Conditioned". We used to spend all day there - Anyone remember the "ring-worm" scare? Don't put your head on the seat backs? Only cool place back in the early 50's if you had a dime."
Macon 3rd & Highland Ave. ? - 1917 - ?
Later known as the Lyric
Also thanks to their ad in the 1917 Chester High annual, courtesy of Janet Andrews Moulder, Wilmington, DE
Majestic 5th & Market ? - before 1915
Malta Hall 3rd & Fulton St.
Paradise 6th & New Market (Sproul St.) ? - before 1915
Princess 7th St. & Chester R. Originally the Family Theater
Rio 4th & Central Ave. 1939 Built for African American audiences
Later known as the Benn and later as the Roxy
Roxy 4th & Central Ave. Originally built in 1939 as the Rio, later became the Benn and later the Roxy.
"Each Saturday we would go to the Roxy for 10 cents admission, take your own baloney and Ritz crackers to eat, sit on the floor if all seats taken and watch the movies over and over again, plus the "chapters i.e., Naokoai (sp) and I believe Tarzan (not sure of this one)". This was the treat of the week and the only theatre for black kids."
Joan Watson Short
"I used to go there and watch cartoons all day on Saturday."
Thanks to Lafenus Billups,
Lafenus.Billups@accenturewilm.com
Stanley 4th St. & Edgmont Ave. Homer A. Lord, first manager. d. 1952 c. 1917 - March 18, 1958 Built c. 1917, Closed March 18, 1958
"My dad, Charlie Bleistein, was an avid musician all his life, and we knew that he had gotten his baby grand piano from the Stanley theatre. I don't remember the Stanley - it was most likely demolished in the fifties when I was a small child, and that's how my dad ended up with the piano. I believe it was to be thrown out and my dad rescued it. Last year when I was going through my dad's papers and stuff, I found the receipt from the sale of that piano to my dad in the fifties. He paid a whopping $30 for that huge piano & bench! A few months before he passed, my dad had that piano completely refurbished "under the hood". Sad that he didn't get to enjoy it for very long after that.
"My dad always told us proudly of all the well known pianists who used that piano over the years. I'd love to find a photo of that piano in use at the Stanley. My son, who also plays piano, now has inherited it.
Valeria Bleistein, vbleistein@iopener.net
See also Washburn Theatre photo below couresty of David Andrews,
dandrewsdh@aol.com
Islamic Center of Chester State 7th St. between Edgmont Ave. & Sproul St. Originally opened on October 20, 1890 as Hargreaves Opera House. It was known as Washburn's Theatre c. 1925 and became the State in 1936 or 1939.
The "New" State Theatre opened c. September 1939
The State Theatre currently houses the Islamic Center of Chester.
Thanks to Flojac1429@aol.com
"I remember they used to have double - sometimes triple shows at the State Theater on Saturday's - cowboy movies! We kids used to be lined up to see Lash Larue(?), Roy Rogers, Tom Mix, and others. The Stanley used to do shows, too."
Thanks to Ken MacIntyre,
KMacIntyre@county.allegheny.pa.us
"I have 2 copies of the old Delaware County Advocate, which was published by Spencer Stationer from 36 to 41. In one there is a picture of the opening of the State theater, in Sept 1939. The ceremony was attended by, among others, Mayor Peoples, one Edith Hefflefinger, and the new manager, Wm Crowley. It was not 1936, as noted on the website."
Frank DeMaio
Strand 1824 W. 3rd St.
3rd & Reaney St.
? - 1917 - 1929 - ? Seating = 700
Thanks also to their ad in the 1917 Chester High annual, courtesy of Janet Andrews Moulder, Wilmington, DE
Theatorium 617 Edgmont Ave.
Washburn Photo couresty of David Andrews,
dandrewsdh@aol.com Washburn 7th St. between Edgmont Ave. & Sproul St. c. 1925
(See Hargreaves Opera House and the State Theatre) Property sold by August 20, 1926
(Click on the thumbnail image to see the larger version) Washington 5th & Market St.
East side of Market Street, north of 4th. Built in 1920, the theatre was demolished immediately after May 1, 1959. Seating = 1700
"Years ago we used to go to the Washington Theater for .12. Was there every Saturday for the Westerns. And the bus to downtown Chester was only a nickel."
Dave Wood
William Penn 602 Edgmont Ave.
(West side of Edgmont Ave., just north of 6th St.)
1912 - 1915 - 1918 - before February 1931 Leased to Warner Bros., Inc. of PA for a bakery by February 7, 1931
"Home of the V.L.S.E. Features"
"This theater was probably still in existence and operating beyond 1915. I base this on the following: Among some very old family photos, I have one which shows a poster in the background advertising the movie "Salome", starring Theda Bara at the Wm. Penn Theater. Since this movie was released in 1918 (according to the Internet Movie Database), the theater must have still been open at least into 1918."
Al Lenny
Many thanks to David L. Andrews, Drexel Hill, PA, for sharing the following letter to the editor which was published in the Delaware County Daily Times on Wed. October 12, 1994:
Chester deserves a movie theater
To the Times:
I am delighted to hear that there is a possibility of getting a movie theater into Chester again. Chester has a long history of moving pictures dating from 1906 when George Leslie opened the Chester Amusement Palace at 318 Market Street.
It was just a store front set up with chairs. In the next couple of years, a number of theaters opened to show motion pictures: the Biograph at 407 Market Street, the Theatorium at 617 Edgmont Avenue, the Majestic at 5th and Market Streets, the Lyric at 3rd and Market Streets, the Paradise at 6th and New market Streets (now Sproul Street), the Bijou Dream Theater at 12 West 3rd Street, and the Ma1ta Hall at 3rd and Fulton Streets.
All of these theaters were gone by 1915 when the Lyric closed and the Grand Theater, which opened in 1911, expanded into the space. The William Penn Theater opened at 602 Edgmont Avenue in 1912. In 1917, the Edgmont Theater opened at 4th Street and Edgmont Avenue, and later became the Stanley Theater with about 2,600 seats, the largest theater built in Chester. The Washington Theater was built at 4th and Market Streets in 1920. The Macon Theater opened at 3rd Street and Highland Avenue in 1918 and later became known as the Lyric Theater. The Strand Theater opened at 3rd and Reaney Streets in 1920. The Lloyd Theater opened at 3rd and Lloyd Streets in 1926 and was later called the Apollo Theater.
There were no other theaters built in Chester until 1934 when the Boyd Theater at 8th and Welsh Streets was opened. The year 1939 was the last year that theaters were built in Chester. The Mac at 9th and Walnut Streets was opened in February. A theater for African American audiences was built as the Rio at 4th Street and Central Avenue (later known as the Benn Theater and later as the Roxy Theater). In August, the New State Theater opened on East 7th Street. On the same site had been the Grand Opera Company dating from 1890, which became the Washburn Theater and later the State Theater. Movies were shown in all of these theaters as part of their programs. The Grand Opera Company showed a movie of the Passion Playas a special event in 1908. Films were also shown in vaudeville houses. The Family Theater (later known as the Princess Theater) was located at 7th Street and Chester Creek, and the Casino Theater was located on 7th and Sproul Streets.
Please note the names of Market Street to 6th Street and Edgmont Avenue from 6th to 12th Streets were changed to the Avenue of the States in 1976.
All the theaters are gone now, but the Boyd and Roxy are beautifully utilized as churches.
Chester deserves another movie theater.
DAVID L. ANDREWS
� 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 John A. Bullock III.


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Posted in Washington July 17, 2019 by Jessica Wick
The Stunning Washington River Park You'll Want To Add To Your Outdoors Bucket List
Washington is a nature lover's paradise, and even when you live in a large city, you're never far away from it. Spokane's slogan is "Near Nature, Near Perfect," and there really couldn't be a better way to describe the Lilac City. Their downtown park sits right on the Spokane River, and it's an incredible place to spend a day.
Riverfront Park has been a destination for families and locals of all ages for decades.
Craig Goodwin / Spokane Riverfront Park Facebook
Recently, the park and its attractions were renovated, which is still a bit of a work in progress. And it's safe to say things have never looked better.
The park still has all of its classic landmarks, and of course, a river runs through it.
Jessica Wick
This is one of the most iconic scenes in the city.
The historic Looff Carrousel dates all the way back to 1909 when it was built by Charles I. D. Looff as a gift for his daughter, Emma Vogel, and her husband Louis Vogel.
Spokane Riverfront Park Facebook
The carousel still has its original 1900 Ruth & Sohn band organ. But due to its age, a digitized recording plays while the ride is in motion.
The carousel has been charming little locals for generations and it's still as popular as ever.
A single ride is $2,50, but you can score an unlimited day pass for $5.50. Occasionally, the park will offer free rides.
Another incredible amenity is the Numerica SkyRide, a gondola that takes you to see the best views of Spokane Falls.
The SkyRide has been named one of the Top 12 Scenic Cable Rides in the World by Conde Nast. Adults can ride for $ 7.75, children for $5.75.
The promenade is still being renovated, but it looks better than ever.
The Pavilion, which will host concerts and other events, is set to officially open in the fall.
The new concrete and wide paths make this an ideal walking and biking spot.
The Spokane River Walk is a 1.9-mile path that winds right through the park.
And of course, there's no need to litter when the garbage eating goat is always hungry.
Everyday Spokane / Spokane Riverfront Park Facebook
The goat was created for the 1974 Spokane World's Fair, and while he's not always this fancy, he is always ready for a meal.
There's never a bad time to visit Riverfront Park, but of course, summers are especially amazing.
It's open from dawn until midnight during the summer season, and there are often free events, live music, and more.
Address: 507 North Howard Street, Spokane, WA, 99201
Has it been a while since you've been to Spokane? Come see why it was recently named one of the best cities in the country.
Kayak Out To Jones Island In Washington To See An Island Filled With Wildlife
Washington In Your Inbox
Jessica Wick is a writer and travel enthusiast who loves exploring new places, meeting new people and, of course, beautiful Big Sky Country and every part of Washington State.
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PURPOSE AND OTHERS – CONCLUSION
"…since the chief good of life is the possession of friends, we are right to prefer those to whom we are drawn by secret inclinations, provided that we also see worth in them."– Rene Descartes, Letter to Pierre Chanut, 6 June 1647
Let's begin by relocating the discussion that comprises this section – Purpose and Others or more accurately Purpose and Proximate Reality in our overall project. I have presented the thesis that the recorded thoughts of the great minds of human history reveal that the search for a meaningful existence requires we attend to four dimensions: (1) Virtue (human excellence and ideal conduct), (2) Purpose, (3) Contentment, and (4) Connection with Ultimate Reality. The first two of these are accessed at the four lower levels of reality: internal, proximate, societal, and cosmic. We saw in the last section that internal purpose boils down to (1) striving for self-perfection, (2) making a good life for oneself, (3) achieving happiness, and (4) identifying meaning for oneself. Success depends on a correct balance of solitude and the sharing of one's inner purpose with others.
From the vantage point of purpose, proximate reality in effect refers to other people with whom we have direct contact. We can further group others in a rough order of proximity as romantic partners, family, friends, acquaintances, and strangers. Our first foray beyond internal reality then is to reach out to those in our immediate sphere of existence for actualization of purpose. Proximate purpose therefore translates into reciprocal contributions by oneself and one's contacts to the quality of life, personal improvement, happiness, and meaning of each other. There are both similarities and differences in the components of purpose for these four basic groups that I wish to pull together in this and the next post.
Starting with romantic love, intimate relationship brings each interconnectedness, metaphysical wholeness, experience of the beautiful, and perhaps even transcendence of space and time. Functionally it permits enhanced survival through mutual concern and assistance, and biological continuance through reproduction. As such it serves as a vital source or extension of the next category, family. A spouse or steadfast lover is also the most reliable partner in achieving a good life for oneself and finding worldly happiness.
Family purpose includes acknowledging place which is relationally fixed while accepting shifting roles essential to family perpetuation. Family informs one's sense of identity, ethics, fate, and the enigmatic tension between continuity and change. Family also offers psychological sanctuary through unconditional acceptance and belonging combined with a safe exposure to diversity. It may also evoke divine or transcendental understanding that one can extend to all of humanity or even all living things. Like romantic love, family often aids in the realization of a good life and of happiness.
(continued next post)
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – THE EXISTENTIAL OTHER (continued)
Gabriel Marcel, a Christian existentialist and contemporary of Sartre offers another perspective, speaking of the 'presence' of the other not as merely a thing before us, but as in relationship to us or even within us – an influx, an accretion, an intimacy, a spiritual availability, in other words – a 'with me.'5 Unlike Sartre, Marcel sees the look of the other more optimistically: "Presence is something which reveals itself immediately and unmistakably in a look, a smile, an intonation, or a handshake." 6 To him the subject/object enigma is resolvable, "…the person who is at my disposal is the one who is capable of being with me with the whole of himself when I am in need while the one who is not at my disposal seems merely to offer me a temporary loan raised on his resources. For the one I am a presence; for the other I am an object."7 Marcel's 'presence' is a reciprocity undiscoverable except through love which he believes trumps Sartre's objectification struggle.
Karl Jaspers, a theistic Existentialist contemporary of Sartre and Marcel, appears to fall somewhere between them. The 'other' is not only undeniable but self-defining, "I am only in conjunction with the Other, alone I am nothing."8 Nonetheless the self is completely subjective, "If we make ourselves into the object of our thinking, we become ourselves as it were the Other, yet at the same time we remain a thinking I, which thinks about itself but cannot aptly be thought of as an object because it determines the objectness of all objects."9 Instead for Jaspers the crux of the 'other' involves the role of one's fellow humans in judging one's actions, a judgment less decisive than that of God, but at least accessible in this world.10 In the end, existential freedom does not mean absolute independence; but is dependent on enmeshment in the world of others.11
We could bring in other thinkers such as Martin Buber's principle of 'I and Thou', where there is no independent 'I' at all, only an 'It' existing in relation to something other than itself, the 'Thou.'12 Or we might interject Tillich's 'individualization and participation' – the reality that self and world are correlated such that we share being triply with others – in space, through commonality of nature, and as parts of a whole.13 There is much to be said about the inescapable sense of oneself as individual and the rest of the world as both Other and Others. I suspect each of us experiences all the nuances of otherness, the familiar as other and the strange as other. Purpose in this setting is about breaking through the barrier separating oneself from the other to establish authentic
5Marcel, Gabriel, The Philosophy of Existentialism.Kensington Publishing Corp., New York, NY, 2002. ISBN 978-0-8065-0901-3, pages 38-39.
6Ibid., page 40.
7Ibid.
8Winn, Ralph B. (editor), A Dictionary of Existentialism. Philosophical Library, Inc., New York, NY, 1960. Page 71
10Jaspers, Karl, Way to Wisdom. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1954. ISBN 0-300-00134-7, page 68.
11Ibid., page 115.
12Magill, Frank, Masterpieces of World Philosophy in Summary Form. Harper&Row Publishers, 1961, page 856.
13Tillich, Paul, The Courage to Be. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1957, page 88.
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – THE EXISTENTIAL OTHER
"Hell is other people."– Jean-Paul Sartre, No Exit.
Before we pull together the various parts of purpose and proximate reality, I would like to consider briefly the concept of 'other' in existentialist practice where all people – familiar and unfamiliar – are grouped in opposition to oneself. Following Rene Descartes' separation of reality into the immediate or mental and the perceived or physical and Immanuel Kant's epiphany that humans can never know a thing as it really is – the 'thing-in-itself'- but only our perceptions of it, later German idealists started European continental philosophy on a course of paring the subjective from the objective. Johann Gottlieb Fichte began with a theory that the immediate self was transcendent and distinct from the posited world we experience including one's 'non-self' as just another posited object.1
Later Edmund Husserl developed phenomenology to examine the world, but proposed a reflexive process he called 'transcendental-phenomenological reduction' through which he thought we can identify a 'transcendental ego' or 'pure consciousness' for which everything else in the world is an object. In his late works Husserl suggested the transcendental ego even survives the disappearance of the world (including the worldly self), a theory seemingly in line with Fichte's thinking.2
Martin Heidegger picked up next although he denied the transcendental ego. Instead he locates human existence or dasein as 'being-in-the-world,' with the unfortunate consequence of the forfeiture of real being in the distractions of everyday things and people – the 'they.' Humanity then is "the indifferent and anonymous crowd – das Man" and our everyday existence is entirely public with and for others, alienated from our true being.3
Enter Jean-Paul Sartre who argued Being consists of two components; (1) being-in-itself which is fixed, complete, and absolute (essentially the world of objects and things), and (2) being-for-itself which is incomplete, fluid, and indeterminate (effectively human consciousness). We, as being-for-itself, live in the temporal world with 'others' and, in fact, need others to fully realize our own being, thus we are also being-for-others making these two facets inseparable. This sense of 'other' is disclosed in feelings of shame (i.e. the 'self' exposed to the 'other') and in the phenomenon of 'the look' (of the 'other') which threatens to turn one into an object or being-in-itself and thereby endangers one's freedom.
For Sartre the only defense is an objectification of the 'other' leading to a continuous back and forth battle of subjectivity versus objectification. Worse one's body is utilized by the 'other' turning one's physical self into a body-for-the-other. As a result love fails because inter-subjectivity cannot be achieved and objectification is inevitable. In effect, Sartre argues that there is no being-with-the-other, no authentic relationship with the other people.4
1Scruton, Roger, An Intelligent Person's Guide to Philosophy. Penguin Books. New York, 1999. ISBN 0 14 027516 9, pages 43-46.
2Edwards, Paul (editor), The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. & The Free Press, 1972. Volume 4, pages 97-98.
3Edwards, Paul (editor), The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. & The Free Press, 1972. Volume 3, pages 460
4Magill, Frank, Masterpieces of World Philosophy in Summary Form. Harper&Row Publishers, 1961, pages 1079-1089.
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – OTHERS – STRANGERS (further continued)
The next negative facet of 'strangerness' applies to those persons known to each other who have a falling out – a process known as estrangement. Most often we hear this with former couples, but in fact, one can become estranged from any family member, friend, or acquaintance. An important element of estrangement is that it applies to individuals rather than groups. It is difficult to see estrangement as anything other than a failed relationship, but we learn from failure as well as success. These setbacks can be repurposed in at least two ways: as lessons on prudence in our choices and as practice in self-improvement.
Alienation is more subjective than estrangement and applies more to one's feeling of disconnection from groups or institutions. This concept was developed by Karl Marx in his economic philosophy where he theorizes that workers in a capitalist system come to feel dehumanized and detached from the product or service that make up their work life. Over time the term alienation has been used more broadly to include disconnection from any and all levels of society including friends, family, and one's social circles. Sociologists believe the causes of alienation are feelings of powerlessness and meaninglessness, isolation, and self-estrangement.4
Albert Camus seems to present the extreme of alienation in his 1942 novella, The Stranger. After the loss of his mother, the protagonist becomes increasingly alienated from life and society, commits a murder, and is sentenced to death. Camus offered this interpretation: "I summarized The Stranger a long time ago, with a remark I admit was highly paradoxical: 'In our society any man who does not weep at his mother's funeral runs the risk of being sentenced to death.' I only meant that the hero of my book is condemned because he does not play the game."5 I must confess however that to me the more general lesson is that alienation itself is fatal, and perhaps this is its purposeful understanding, which is to say, alienation is a thing to recognize but not accept as the consequences are devastating. Effectively we have come full circle, alienation leads to separation from humanity, and except for spiritual hermits, such separation is incompatible with a flourishing life.
4See https://www.thoughtco.com/alienation-definition-3026048 for a discussion of On the Meaning of Alienation, a 1959 paper by sociologist Melvin Seeman.
5Wikipedia, The Stranger.
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – OTHERS – STRANGERS (continued)
A third positive aspects of strangers is the opportunity for exposure to diversity. It appears it is human nature to settle into routines where we feel most at ease typically with family, friends, and acquaintances, but strangers offer us the opportunity to get out of our comfort zone, and experience novelty and difference. All of my life I have been intrigued by people from foreign countries – their languages like secret codes, their contrasting lifestyles, their different experience of life, their alternative thinking. We return to Santayana's thesis that civilization offers us three advantages – greater wealth, safety, and variety of experience.2 Thus one purpose of strangers and foreigners in a meaningful life is their contribution to the variety of our experiences.
The fourth value of encounters with strangers is the potential for new acquaintances and friends. The logical necessity – future acquaintances and friends must be current strangers – should further open us to meeting new people given all the possible benefits that derive from some of these encounters as have been outlined in earlier essays and magnificently described by Emerson in his essay on friendship.3
The obverse side of the stranger coin begins with unsociability or a propensity to evade meeting new people. This seems to me to be a psychological rather than philosophical issue, though I confess to limiting my own social activities in order to pursue what are mostly solitary activities such as reading philosophy or writing these blogs. The philosopher likely adopts an Aristotelian moderation to prudently limit access to strangers preferably to those of the most propitious nature. Ultimately, closing oneself off to all new people is detrimental to one's own growth and happiness.
One step beyond unsociability is xenophobia – dislike or distrust of foreigners. This inclination may be biologically based, that is, survival in the wild is enhanced by wariness of other animals and by territoriality. However primitive human groups benefit from mixing with outsiders via the exchange of information and knowledge and by the exchanging of members for mating purposes, so it seems equally true that we are racially programmed to accept others. Personal discomfort regarding differences in appearance and custom must be overcome in order to benefit from the different perspectives, and experiences outsiders bring to our society and our individual lives.
(further continued next post)
2See the blog titled Societal Virtue – Service, 1/25/2021 on this site.
3Emerson, Ralph Waldo, Essays and English Traits. Grolier Enterprise Corp., Danbury, Connecticut, 1993 (The Harvard Classics). Pages 106-119.
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – OTHERS – STRANGERS
"The more I traveled the more I realized that fear makes strangers of people who should be friends."– Shirley MacLaine.
We return now to proximate reality and purpose where we have already considered romantic interests, family, friends, and acquaintances. The final category of others at this level is those unknown to us, but upon whom we happen – strangers. Three subtle distinctions justify rehearsal here. First those we never meet are indeed traditionally considered strangers, but as they never cross over into proximate reality; they are more appropriately included in my next level of reality – societal reality which includes the majority of humanity that we simply never have a chance to meet. Second, all direct relationships (perhaps excluding family) were once strangers with whom our lives became entwined. Third, 'strangerness' is reciprocal – a person who is a stranger to me alike considers me a stranger. For this blog and the ones that follow, I wish to look at the purposeful aspects of initial meetings with others whether a single occurrence or followed by the development of a greater relationship; and the significance of 'strangerness' in the spectrum of life.
The domain of stranger is a two sided coin. On the positive side are propriety, charity, diversity, and the potential for future relationship; on the negative are unsociability, xenophobia, estrangement, and alienation. It is these aspects of the idea of stranger that I seek to collate with the purposeful life.
We have already looked in detail at propriety in the section on virtue.1 Strictly speaking, propriety is not ethically based, but imposed by societal norms. Such norms evolve to maximize the happiness or at least diminish unease of others and thus reciprocally benefit ourselves. As such appropriate demeanor and etiquette facilitate the purpose of making good lives for oneself and for others. Confucius is the archetypical philosopher-guide on propriety in the meaningful life.
The biblical tradition offers the summit of thought regarding the welcoming of strangers and the place of charity towards them. The New Testament includes several examples on how we should interact with unfamiliar person. Matthew 25:35 says, "For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in." St. Paul commands in Romans 12:13, "Extend hospitality to strangers." But the best and perhaps most instructive example is the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37) wherein a traveler is robbed, stripped, beaten, and left for dead on a road. A Jewish cleric and then a Levite pass by uncomfortably and distance themselves from the stranger. Then a Samaritan (a group usually despised by the Hebrews) stops to help the unfortunate stranger. The lesson is poignant, how we treat strangers is the measuring rod of divine judgment. In fact the treatment of strangers seems to me to be the defining principle and great human legacy of Christianity.
(continued next blog)
TAKING STOCK – THREE YEARS OF PHILOSOPHICALGUIDANCE.COM (continued)
Along the way, I stopped to blog on some of my current reading:
[1] Fake News (12/12 and 12/14/19),
[2] The Philosopher's Magazine (1/11/19),
[3] Before the Big Bang (2/27 and 3/1/19),
[4] We Are Not Alone (3/29 and 4/1/19),
[5] Is Life Worth Living? (5/8 and 5/10/19),
[6] God and Physics (7/8 and 7/10/19),
[7] Revolutionary Deism (7/12 and 7/14/19),
[8] Does God Exist? (10/28 and 10/30/19),
[9] African Philosophy (2/3/20, 2/5/20, and 2/7/20),
[10] Finding Wisdom (5/12/20 and 5/15/20),
[11] Who is a meaning of life for? (8/31/20),
[12] Happiness and Meaning – Susan Wolf (10/30/20 and 11/2/20)
[13] On the Meaining of Life – Will Durant (1/13/21, 1/15/21, and 1/18/21),
[14] 1984 by George Orwell (5/21/21 and 5/24/21).
[15] Ultimate Questions by Bryan Magee (5 posts 9/24/21-10/6/21).
It was a pleasure to welcome a guest blogger, Barry Zern, who presented an alternative view on God (10/14/20 and 11/16/20-11/21/20). I thank him for his contribution and would be happy to receive others from readers.
I also related some philosophical thoughts on Helping the Homeless (5/17/21 and 5/19/21) and on the COVID-19 vaccines (6/21/21 and 6/23/21).
Over the last three years, the site had 7,040 visits by 5.962 different users from 129 different countries on six continents. The majority (63.2%) of users came from a search engine (91.7% Google; 3.6% Bing; 2.2% Baidu, 1.6% Yahoo, and 1% Ecosia ) while 34.6 % came directly to the site and 2.2% from a social media referral (90.8% Facebook; 6.2% Linkedin, 1.5% Pocket, and 1.5% Twitter). The most visited page was The Summum Bonum (post on 1/23/19 and Appendix Table 2 and Diagram 1). The most visited current reading was We Are Not Alone.
The book is currently about 80% complete (although the posts are probably more accurately viewed as a second draft rather than final, and provide detail and length exceeding that permitted for a modern publication).
From here that I will finish the section on Purpose and The Meaning of Life with a look at the place of strangers as the last type of relationship, social or occupational roles, and cosmic participation. Form there I will discuss the large areas of Contentment and The Meaningful Life followed by Ultimate Reality and the Meaningful Life. I hope to close with essays on the integration of the four components, and perhaps analyze how various traditions and individuals reflect this format. With good luck I hope to develop a final synthesis by this time next year in my ongoing public search for enlightenment.
I hope this quick review helps summarize the composition of the site and helps those who wish to return to past sections in their own journey. It remains my passionate goal to present a system of practical philosophical guidance that, to my knowledge, is unavailable elsewhere.
TAKING STOCK – THREE YEARS OF PHILOSOPHICALGUIDANCE.COM
This week marks the third anniversary of the first post on this site. As at the first two anniversaries, I think we should pause to take stock of our progress. The attentive reader knows that for the most part the 464 blogs are not random essays, but in general, comprise a developing philosophy text which examines the relevant elements of philosophy for the achievement of a meaningful life. Today I will summarize the path we have been following to provide context for new and erstwhile readers.
After a few introductory posts on defining philosophy and the site's mission, I jumped into the Big Picture – the reduction of practical philosophy into its two major divisions:
[1] The nature of reality (9 posts from 11/9/18-12/3/18), and
[2] Ethics (13 posts from 12/5/18-1/4/19).
In those sections we found that reality and ethics are manifest at five levels or tiers, each of which requires reflection in fashioning a flourishing life; (1) internal (the self), (2) proximate (that which we directly contact), (3) societal (the human world we know indirectly), (4) cosmic (non-human nature, science, and the celestial), and (5) ultimate (the divine realm, should one exist). The nature of these tiers and our conduct with regards to them define the field of play for this project.
I next took on eight special topics essential to expanding our understanding of reality and ethics that are the substrate for any system:
[1] Good and evil (10 posts from 1/6/19 -2/6/19),
[2] The question of God (19 posts from 2/8/19- 3/27/19),
[3] Body and soul (15 posts from 4/3/19 – 5/6/19),
[4] Death and immortality (24 posts from 5/13/9- 7/5/19),
[5] Free will, fate, and human destiny (42 posts from 7/17/19 – 10/23/19),
[6] Teleology (40 posts from 11/11/19 – 1/31/20),
[7] Suffering (40 posts from 2/10/20 – 5/11/20; including 7 on the COVID-19 pandemic).
[8] Certainty (38 posts from 5/18/20 – 8/14/20).
Conclusions on the big picture and the eight special topics were included in 5 review posts (8/17/20 – 8/28/20).
After that extended preparatory work, we arrived at the focus of our work- a systematic exploration of the concept of a meaningful life and a detailed analysis of the various components.
[1] Introduction to the Meaning of Life (21 posts 9/2/20 -10/12/20 and 10/19/20-10/28/20).
[2] Virtue and the Meaning of Life (83 total posts divided as follows)
Introduction (5 posts 11/4/20-11/13/20);
Virtue and Self (13 posts 11/23/20-12/21/20);
Virtue and Others (10 posts 12/30/20-1/11/21 and 1/20/21);
Societal Virtue (13 posts 1/22/21-2/19/21;
Cosmic Virtue (40 posts 2/22/21-5/4/21 and 5/16/21-6/3/21);
Ultimate Virtue (1 post 6/7/21); and
Conclusion (2 posts 6/9/21-6/11/21).
[3] Purpose and the Meaning of Life ( 44 total posts to date divided as follows)
Introduction (4 posts 6/14/21 – 6/18/21 and 6/25/21);
Purpose and Internal Reality (6 posts 6/28/21-7/9/21);
Purpose and Proximate Reality/Others (34 posts 7/12/21-9/22/21; 10/8/21-
10/11/21 & ongoing)
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – OTHERS – ACQUAINTANCES – PART VII (continued)
Schopenhauer does see two values of acquaintances; first as a means to better understand the character of humanity or in his words "the melancholy elements of which most men are made."7 Each experience of the traits of others should be seen as additional information, "Your attitude towards it will be that of the mineralogist who stumbles upon a very characteristic specimen of a mineral."8 The second is the opportunity to practice restraint or as he tells us, "it will be found that all those who profess to give instruction in the wisdom of life are specially urgent in commending the practice of silence…"9 after which he quotes an Arabian proverb: "The tree of silence bears the fruit of peace." It seems after all that there is a bit of the stoic in the cynical Schopenhauer with this: "Give way to neither love nor hate, is one half of worldly wisdom, say nothing and believe nothing, is the other half."10
We turn next to Schopenhauer's American contemporary, Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882), the optimist/romantic with his whimsical, high-minded opinions. Consider this, "We have a great deal more kindness than is ever spoken…the whole human family is bathed with an element of love like a kind ether."11 He urges us to welcome strangers and honor mere acquaintances and rejoice to be among them. For Emerson, "a new person is to me always a great event and hinders me from sleep."12 Clearly he views strangers and acquaintances from the vantage point of potential friendship not animosity.
Yet even Emerson admits "What a perpetual disappointment is actual society, even of the virtuous and gifted!"13 and he advises we "be admonished by what you already see, not to strike leagues of friendship with cheap persons, where no friendship can be."14 The purpose of acquaintance for Emerson then is as a pool of persons whom we filtrate for potential friends secured by a gradual process of cultivation. We must take the blame for our failure: "Our friendships hurry to short and poor conclusions, because we have made them a texture of wine and dreams, instead of a tough fibre of the human heart… we have aimed at a swift and petty benefit, to suck a sudden sweetness. We snatch at the slowest fruit in the garden of God, which many summers and many winters must ripen."15 It is almost as if he is reminding Schopenhauer that acquaintance requires time and effort to develop into friendship.
Between the Stoics and these two 19th century thinkers we conclude, the society of acquaintances may be disappointing and unsettling, but is essential to human thriving. The value of the company of others is not only the tangible need for human interaction, but also the opportunity to confirm one's capacity to maintain inner tranquility, experience the benefits of restraint and silence, and learn more on the nature of mankind. And of course, acquaintances are the pool of invaluable friendships. Next we look at the last area of purpose and others – strangers.
7Schopenhauer, Arthur, Counsels and Maxims (part of The Wisdom of Life and Counsels and Maxims). Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY, 1995. ISBN 978-1-57392-033-9, page 66.
8Ibid. 9Ibid., page 81. 10Ibid.
11Emerson, Ralph Waldo, Essays and English Traits. Grolier Enterprise Corp., Danbury, Connecticut, 1993 (The Harvard Classics). Page 105. (You would never hear this from Schopenhauer.).
12Ibid., page 107 13Ibid., page 109 . 14Ibid., page 117 .
15Ibid., page 109 .
PURPOSE AND THE MEANINGFUL LIFE – OTHERS – ACQUAINTANCES – PART VII
"There is nothing by which a man exasperates most people more, than by displaying a superior ability of brilliancy in conversation. They seem pleased at the time, but their envy makes them curse him at their hearts."– Boswell's Life of Johnson.
We return now to the purpose acquaintances bring to the meaningful life. We saw how the Roman stoics agreed there is a need for the society of others, which nonetheless must not be permitted to undermine the internal need for tranquility and order; and we reviewed the techniques they developed to overcome external disturbances. Today we jump forward to the 19th century where we find two philosophers with nearly opposite views of acquaintance – one pessimistic and the other optimistic.
Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860), our pessimist, is unambiguous in his twin essays, Our Relation to Ourselves and Our Relation to Others. He admits we must live with others and advises we accept their flaws rather than try to change them following the maxim "Live and let live. That however is a task which is difficult in proportion as it is right; and he is a happy man who can once and for all avoid having to do with a great many of his fellow creatures."1 He follows this with the curmudgeonly "The art of putting up with people may be learned by practicing patience on inanimate objects, which…oppose a stubborn resistance to our freedom of action – a form of patience which is required every day."2 His corollary is that it makes no more sense to be angered by another than by a stone.
People of similar nature, we are told, tend to find agreement in thought which he says explains how ordinary people can be so sociable and why they are drawn to each other. The fact is there are a large number of people "of vulgar tastes and inferior intellect."3 Schopenhauer is blunt: "…most society is so constituted as to offer a good profit to anyone who will exchange it for solitude."4 The superior person will limit time in society as "Great minds are like eagles and build their nests in some lofty solitude."5 His advice on the frequency of time with others: "Memory is…like a camera obscura; it contracts everything within its range, and so produces a much finer picture than the landscape affords. And, in the case of a man, absence always goes some way towards securing this advantageous light…Hence the prudent thing is to see your friends and acquaintances only at considerable intervals of time…"6
His other advice is equally unforgiving:
Do not spoil acquaintances by being too indulgent or charitable or by loaning them money.
Do not discuss overly personal matters.
Maintain a level of independence and self-sufficiency.
Let others know their relationship is dispensable; which paradoxically may lead to friendship.
Disdain of others wins regard and respect.
Do not rush to good judgment of others.
Pay attention to character in trivial matters.
Relationships should be based on ideals not material interests.
Measure friends by their response to misfortune.
It is wise to be polite and stupid to be rude.
Don't mimic others; be oneself.
Never combat another's opinion or correct his mistakes.
To make your judgment accepted, don't express it with passion.
Never praise yourself as it will be seen as vanity.
1Schopenhauer, Arthur, Counsels and Maxims (part of The Wisdom of Life and Counsels and Maxims). Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY, 1995. ISBN 978-1-57392-033-9, page 54-55(author's italics).
2Ibid., page 55. 3Ibid., page 56. 4Ibid., page 26.
5Ibid., page 56. 6Ibid., page 57.


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NEW FOR 2013! The festival weekend will now feature additional shows in the campground! This exclusive event is for campers only (camping wristband required for entrance). Blues artists Low Volts, James Bay, and Kim Churchill will be playing in the zone 1 camping area next to Lower Bear Creek Falls. Don't miss the chance to see these performances in an intimate campground setting! A limited amount of camping passes are on sale here and expected to sell out soon!
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What single or married person is not concerned about growing relationships? Last week we learned that it's all about Loving God and Loving Others. When you think about it, it all comes down learning how to grow in your relationship with the Lord and other people. You can read all the Christian relationship advice out that you want, but most ting fulfilled, joyful singles or married folks are the ones who have learned what it takes to grow a successful relationship with God and then others.
In this week's podcast from Oasis-Church-NJ.com, part one of this talk centers on how to grow relationships with others for God, which in turns becomes a blessing for those who do so.


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text:
La economía de Samoa Americana es una economía tradicional polinesia en la que más del 90 por ciento de la tierra es de propiedad comunal. La actividad económica está fuertemente vinculada a los Estados Unidos, con quien Samoa Americana realiza la mayor parte de su comercio exterior. Las plantas de pesca y procesamiento de atún son la columna vertebral del sector privado, siendo el atún enlatado la principal exportación. Las transferencias del gobierno federal de los Estados Unidos contribuyen sustancialmente al bienestar económico de Samoa Americana. Los intentos del gobierno de desarrollar una economía más grande y más amplia se ven limitados por la ubicación remota de Samoa, su transporte limitado y sus devastadores huracanes.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Economía de Samoa Americana

Economía por país

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
var expect = require('chai').expect;
var manifesto = require('../../dist-commonjs/');
var should = require('chai').should();
var manifests = require('../fixtures/manifests');
require('./shared');

var manifest;

describe('#loadsSctaGracilis', function() {
    it('loads successfully', function (done) {
        manifesto.loadManifest(manifests.sctagracilis).then(function(data) {
            manifest = manifesto.create(data);
            done();
        });
    });

    it('has image', function () {
        var image = manifest.getSequences()[0].getCanvases()[0].getCanonicalImageUri();
        expect(image).to.equal("https://loris2.scta.info/lon/L11v.jpg/full/2212,/0/native.jpg")
    });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A simple and delicious pista burfi to celebrate deepavali with your loved ones..
Blanch and peel out the skin of pista. You can put them in warm water to blanch. Wipe them with clean towel. Fry/Roast these blanched pista till crisp. You can use Microwave, stove top method to fry/roast them. Let them cool down. Powder these crispy pista to get chunky powder.
3. In a heavy bottomeed pan, take 3/4th cup sugar and very little water and bring it to boil.
4. Boil sugar syrup till you get 1 string consistency. A frim string is formed when a drop of syrup is pulled between two fingers.
6. Reduce the flame and start adding pista powder slowly, while folding it with sugar solution.
7. When the mixture starts leaving the base and comes together like a ball, transfer it to a greased plate.
8. Roll it with greased rolling pin. Cut into desired shapes when it is hot. You can decorate it with saffron strands and pista.
9. Our burfi was so tempting that we did not think of decking it up before we happily submerged it in!
pista burfi super ide ri. ondu thindre hotte tumbida haage agutte alwa? Habbada thayari joridya?
Sounds Yummy kanri, happy Diwali...Btw, I would like to invite you to hop in and join us at the Diwali Dhamaka carnival hosted by us.
Never made with pista, u did perfectly. Happy Diwali!
Awesome and fabulous looking burfi..
Enjoy the brightness and may the happiness last!
Wishing u and ur family the best!
Just the thing for the festive season ! Thanks for the recipe.


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Defence Minister Awad Mohammed Ibn Auf is being sworn in as head of a new military council that will run the country for two years.
"The basic desire of the people of Sudan is the establishment of peace and stability in the country and the adoption of measures which would enable overcoming the economic difficulties", it said, adding that Sudan's security and stability are crucial for the region. In both countries, the military stage-managed the leaders' departure, in a likely attempt to preserve their power.
"The one, right now, announced that he's going to take over for two years, it won't [change] anything for Sudan and it won't be no change", said Atem.
He said the military council had no solutions to Sudan's crisis and these would come from the protesters.
Protesters who were initially jubilant over word of the coup reacted by saying they will not end their almost week-long sit-in outside the military's headquarters in central Khartoum until a civilian transition government is formed.
Thousands kept up their sit-in outside the military headquarters in Khartoum overnight and into Friday morning despite a curfew imposed by the army after it arrested al-Bashir. Tens of thousands beat drums, sang and chanted slogans against the armed forces and Ibn Ouf after nightfall.
Abideen pledged that the military council would not interfere with the civilian government.
"Today's events should also serve as a wake-up call to leaders around the world who think they can get away with denying people their basic rights".
Why now? Bashir was removed after months of anti-regime protests, with the military abandoning him and siding with those seeking his downfall. The defence minister announced military rule for two years, imposing an emergency clampdown that risks enflaming protesters who have demanded civilian democratic change. At least 38 people have died in the protests. SUNA said Ibn Ouf would meet with political factions and leaders of the protest movement later in the day.
Klopp's side are still on top of the table and just a point ahead of closest rivals Manchester City but have played a game more. Anyone who wants to talk to any of my players about what happened years ago - don't do it.
The Bloomington Police Chief did not reveal the suspects name but said he was a 24-year-old man who is now in police custody. A Mall of America spokesperson said in a statement that any additional information about the incident will come from police.
Assange and his supporters say he's a journalist who deserves legal protections for publishing stolen material. Assange, 47, an Australian computer programmer, started the WikiLeaks website in 2006.


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YPDaily: Amanda Alvaro
In this article: Young Professionals Amanda Alvararo Artbound Narrative Advocacy Media Young Professional Daily youngprofessionalsarchive YPDaily yps
At a young age, Amanda Alvaro has already built a successful communications brand and is looked at as a "go-to" source in the field. Amanda's endeavours have left a lasting impact in both the for-profit and not-for-profit worlds, being a respected and insightful player in the two industries. Get to know young professional Amanda Alvaro today on Notable.
Notable: What is your Name and age?
Amanda: Amanda Alvaro, 32
Notable: What is the name of the company you work for and what industry is it in?
Amanda: Managing Director, Narrative Advocacy Media. Narrative is the PR and social marketing subsidiary of award-winning advertising agency, Bensimon Byrne. www.narrative.ca
Notable: Elevator Pitch (we just met on an elevator, we have 30 seconds together in the elevator, please describe your business):
Amanda: We like to think of it this way…Every organization has a narrative – a story- of who they are and what they're about. At Narrative, we help make these stories relevant to the right people. And we're made up of a group of pretty talented ex-journalists, pr mavens, social media gurus and political junkies who are really good at reaching millions.
Notable: Why did you get involved in your industry, why this one, what was the inspiration?
Amanda: I started in politics. I was the Press Secretary and Communication Director for the Minister of Education and later worked as the media advisor to the Premier of Ontario in the last election. Four years ago, I hired Bensimon Byrne to develop the marketing plan for Gerard Kennedy's bid for Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. Within a short while, I was hooked and knew the Advertising and Public Relations world was where I wanted to be. I kept thinking, "people get to do this all day, everyday?"…So, when the opportunity arose to start Narrative in 2007, I jumped and haven't looked back.
Notable: What is the best part of what you do on a day-to-day basis?
Amanda: I get to create every single day. And no two days look alike. It is a big, bold, audacious kind of business that keeps me on my toes and makes me excited for what's next. There's always an adventure coming down the pipe and it has given me the freedom and flexibility to be involved with my 'other loves'…politics, my blog Torontoist, Ad Women of Toronto and Artbound.
Notable: What is the most challenging part of your job?
Amanda: Everything we create is a bit of a gamble. We can research and develop and refine, but at the end of the day, we have to hand it over to the consumer and hope they see the genius in what we've done.
Notable: Where do you see yourself going in 5 years?
Amanda: Is retiring in your thirties doable? I'd love to be somewhere decidedly hot and carefree. Preferably with a mojito in hand, a mountain to climb and an ocean to sail. But if dream retirement is still a ways away, I'd be pretty happy with Narrative being nationally recognized as a leading firm in Canada and considered a great place to work!
Notable: Do you have any advice for other young professionals?
Amanda: I've always believed that the biggest rewards are the result of taking some big risks. I'm not a 'if it's meant to be, it will happen' kind of person. I'm a 'if you want it, put yourself out there and make it happen' kind of person. And, it's worked for me because I love the challenge of doing something that seems a little impossible. It's not for everyone, but it's what drives me every day. Do something that scares you a bit.
Notable: What is your greatest asset as it relates to business?
Amanda: People are always the greatest asset. I'm in the business of finding the most talented, most creative in the industry and enticing them to come work for our little shop with the big ideas.
Notable: What does success look like to you?
Amanda: Pretty much what it looks like today.
Notable: What is the most memorable milestone in your career?
Amanda: The Federal Leadership Convention of 2006. Watching this bit of history unfold and having played a small role in its evolution. It was a pretty important professional moment for me.
Notable: Do you support any charities? If so, which one(s) and why is that important to you?
Amanda: I co-founded Artbound, in support of Free the Children last year. This month, I will join a dozen young professionals who will travel to Kenya to build the country's first girls arts school. I am also very committed to breast cancer related charities and events.
Notable: What is Notable to you?
Amanda: People doing cool stuff that matters. Whether it's in the profit or not for profit world. I am always amazed by the sheer level of trailblazing ingenuity that surrounds us.
YPDaily: Inka Bari
YPDaily: Bryan Jackson


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Q: How to get the default fetch mode in PDO? How to get the default fetch mode in PDO ?
I thought the method is getAttribute, but there isn't ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE option in the manual
And, this is code if you want to know what I want to do

    public function query(SQLStatement $sql, $fetch_style = **DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE**) {
        try {
            $s = $this->connection->query((string)$sql, $fetch_style);
        }
        catch(PDOException $e) {
            throw new DatabaseException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
        }
        return $s;
    }

I want to make the default value for $fetch_style is the default fetch mode attribute (which may have been set before)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The giant trevally is an apex predator, and the way it operates is nothing less than brutal. These 'gangsters of the flats' are like packs of hoodlums marauding across the atolls and shallow estuaries. Hunting for trevally in the harsh environment they inhabit needs a certain resolve. The fly fisher's first encounter with a giant trevally will be an electrifying experience. A GT can destroy tackle and ego, leaving all in its wake.
The book is split into two sections, the first being a guide to the species, history, where to find them, tackle and techniques, flies, fighting and release. The second half is dedicated to the different destinations they are found including anecdotal stories written by a collection of the pioneers, guides and experts that know them best.
7.5" x 9.8", 224 pages.


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Home > A > Aarktica - Pure Tone Audiometry
Aarktica - Pure Tone Audiometry
(sil026: 708527662625)
Genre: Electronic, Ambient
Jon DeRosa cannot seem to sit still. Under the guise Aarktica, he has released two full-length albums in just two years, not to mention an EP and countless compilation appearances on numerous different labels. For Aarktica's newest full-length, however, DeRosa returns home to Silber Records, where he released Aarktica's stunning debut No Solace in Sleep back in 2000. Pure Tone Audiometry, Aarktica's third full-length album, is the follow-up to its Bliss Out v. 18, released on Darla Records in early 2002. The title of the new album refers to a behavioral test measure used to determine hearing sensitivity, which DeRosa underwent several years ago after permanently losing hearing in his right ear. Many of the songs on PTA allude to this experience and its aftermath. An oddly eclectic individual, DeRosa tends to enjoy the dynamic of opposites. He is a graduate music technology student at NYU, who is also a serious student of traditional North Indian classical music; a borderline agoraphobic, living in the highly social and populated community of Williamsburg, Brooklyn; musically precise, yet incredibly prolific. He cites both John Cage and John Cash as main influences. It almost seems as if DeRosa is obsessed with dwelling between, or perhaps bridging the gaps that exist between, opposites. Pure Tone Audiometry is Aarktica's most involved work yet, approaching the balance between "drone" and "song". Although the overall tone of the album is consistent and dreamlike, the content within is as varied as DeRosa's personality, combining gentle lullabies with jagged atonalism, string trios with white noise guitars, and feverish percussion overtop sedate drones. Unlike the sleepy pace of much of Aarktica's back catalog, Pure Tone Audiometry indulges in some moments of pure upbeat indie rock, resting seamlessly against the album's ambient backdrop. The changes in Aarktica's sound are no doubt due to the album's co-production by Charles Newman of Flare, as well as the all-star cast joining Aarktica for this outing, which includes Hadley Kahn of NYC's space-rock ensemble Escapade on drums, Andrew Prinz of Mahogany on cello, Lorraine Lelis of Mahogany on vocals, Ernie Adzentovich of Plexus on upright bass, Molly Sheridan on violin, and Charles Newman on harmonium. DeRosa's trademark guitar loops and stark vocals are still evident as well. As always, no synthesizers were used on this recording, opting for manipulation of organic instruments instead. DeRosa's other project, the country-esque Pale Horse and Rider, will release its debut full-length These Are The New Good Times on Darla Records in February 2003. DeRosa will be performing with both Aarktica and PHR throughout 2003.


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Explaining what Nano CBD is all about.
Welcome to Nano CBD Cosmetics. This website is all about Nano CBD for cosmetics and much much more. First off you need to know what nano cbd oil is and how it relates to regular cbd oil (not nano enhanced).
Nano CBD oil is a nano oil that is made from the full spectrum hemp plant. In other words nano CBD oil is made from the entire hemp plant that has been converted into CBD concentrate (or pure CBD oil) and then nano sized.
Nano CBD oil is a CBD oil that has an improved bio-availability compared to other non nano CBD oils.
We start with totally organic hemp from an American organic hemp grower. We follow that up with an extraction that ensures the cleanest and purest organic CBD concentrate that is the best and most organic in the marketplace. It is critical that you know exactly what is in our nano CBD oil so we lab test the organic CBD concentrate prior to nano sizing it. This concentrate is then cut with sesame seed oil or other organic base oils. As it relates to sublingual nano CBD drops we will add a flavor to make it a little more appealing to your taste buds.
Nano CBD oil is simply a CBD concentrate that has been nano sized. What these nano-enhanced CBD compounds do is make the absorption rate of CBD into our body higher and much closer to 100%. This means that a nano CBD oil will ensure that a maximum amount of CBD is absorbed into your body and therefore can help you with your healing at peak capacity. The key term in all of this is bio-availability, which is the the proportion of the CBD that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and so is able to have an active effect. The nano sizing of CBD is basically making each molecule very very small so that it can have the maximum effect on your body after introducing it to your body.
The purpose of nano-enhanced CBD oil is to give the consumer a more efficient and powerful result from taking nano CBD oil. The higher the bio-availability (percentage and rate of absorption) is, the more CBD will be absorbed. This can result in a quicker and stronger effect with nano CBD oil when compared to regular CBD oil. When it comes to pain, everybody wants a quick solution. This is where nano-enhanced CBD oil is becoming so popular.
In a regular hemp or CBD oil, the bio-availability of cannabinoids is only about 10%. By using the nano-enhanced CBD oil, it makes the bio-availability closer to 100%. This means that practically no CBD is being wasted through ingestion. This is exactly why we can use less of it in each dose and have such great results.
Nano-Enhanced CBD Oil is by far the Best CBD Oil in the World!
The key to any great product is always how it impacts your health. Whether you need the nano CBD oil for pain management or stress management or for other illnesses it always comes down to whether your nano CBD oil is helping you cope with your issues. It is vitally important that you know all about dosing and how nano CBD is dosed compared to regular CBD oil. When it comes to CBD products, as long as it is hemp derived CBD and contains less than .1%THC then it is federally legal.
Everybody has their own endocannabinoid system. This system is what determines how our body reacts to certain cannabinoids. Your endocannabinoid system is as unique to you as a fingerprint. This is why it is safest to start your dosage low and work yourself up to a higher level of dosing. You never want to start with more than you need for your particular situation.


Buying a horse can be fraught with pitfalls and that's true whether you're looking for a competition superstar or a good, all-round family horse. When it comes to the latter, however, there's a pretty demanding checklist you should keep in mind. H&H looks at what matters when looking for a family horses for sale.
1. "Don't buy a Ferrari when a Ford Fiesta will do," advises Yorkshire-based former advanced eventer turned trainer and Pony Club chief instructor Catherine Cundall. "There's nothing wrong with a Fiesta – they're practical, economical and easy to drive; just what you want in a family horse!" Catherine says she sees too many people over-horsing themselves with flashy horses they can't ride, then end up losing their confidence.
Catherine Cundall agrees, and says part-bred Irish Draught horses for sale are also a favourite of hers. "They are usually a sound bet. They have enough brain to help you out of trouble, but don't go looking for mischief," she says.


If you look at Brontotherium pictures, then you could almost mistake this mammal to a rhino. It was about 16 feet long and weighed around 3 tons and had a large horn jutting from its face. However, it is only distantly related to the modern rhinoceros. It is actually in the same family as prehistoric horses.
Brontotherium probably lived on a variety of different plants that were endemic to North America at that time. It probably would have had to eat over 120 pounds, maybe even as much as 200 pounds, of plant material a day to just survive.
One of the most interesting facts about Brontotherium, however, is that males of this species probably butted heads for mating rights to females. Much like modern rhinos do. This theory has been supported by several fossils of this animal which shows damage which could have only been sustained by a Brontotherium horn.
Why this megafauna mammal went extinct is currently unknown by paleontologists. It could have been a factor of the changing environment and the introduction of new predators that started the end for this animal. Some scientists have speculated that volcanic eruptions of the Rocky Mountains contributed to their demise.


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Sea to Shining Sea
Ashley Daniels
Scott Smallin
Reeling in the family history (and future) of Perry's Bait & Tackle
PERRY THREE: (left to right) Bella, Liam and Aden Perry are the next generation of Perry's Bait & Tackle and the youngest bait shop owners in South Carolina.
GONE FISHIN': A fisherman's paradise, Perry's is stocked with anything you need for that big catch, from national brands to local lines.
A BIT OF BAIT: Craig, Jessica's father, and Jordan, a Perry's employee, talk shop, surrounded by tanks and fridges of live and chilled bait—some of the most live bait carried in a shop in the area.
TIDES OF TIME: Photos from past fishing trips line the walls of the shop and lodge.
Framed art to commemorate Perry's annual reef fundraiser.
SUNDAY BEST: Jessica is seated by the Seawall at Belin Memorial United Methodist Church with her three loves, Liam, Bella and Aden, on Easter Sunday.
About 90 percent of Perry's bait is caught fresh locally
In 2017, the Perry's Annual Benefit was organized and created an artificial reef in Jessica's honor at Pawley's Island Reef (PA 11 - 33° 25.975' N - 079° 00.600' W). Years before, she had created a reef fund for the founder of Perry's Bait and Tackle, Mr. Winston Perry, at Paradise Reef (PA 09).
FUTURE VIEWS: The Perry siblings relax on the lodge's back porch that overlooks breathtaking views of the inlet.
LIVING VISION: Jessica's vision was to renovate the fishing lodge into a beautiful respite for generations to come visit and enjoy the inlet, the place she loved so much.
It's a bitter-cold, wind-blown afternoon in January, but you still feel Jessica Perry's kind, gentle soul shining down over the live oaks hugging Perry's Bait & Tackle Shop. Warming hearts near this place on Earth she loved so much.
Since 1954, the robin egg blue bait shop has been a landmark on the north end of the Murrells Inlet MarshWalk. And, up until September 29, 2017, so was Jessica Perry, who sat behind the counter as its owner. On that day, Jessica was murdered by her ex-husband and left behind their three children.
Liam, 14, Aden, 11, and Bella, 10, are giving me a tour of the shop, past the bait tanks of mud minnows, finger mullets and more on the covered front porch, and inside the tiny building overflowing, wall-to-wall, with anything you can think of that has to do with fishing—a fisherman's paradise, and one that's weathered many hurricane seasons along the inlet. Sharon Doehner, Jessica's mother, points up to the heavy beam rafters above, part of the original building.
Before Jessica ran the store, Winston Perry, her father-in-law, had a long run in ownership of Perry's; he passed away in 2010. And today, the next generation, Jessica's children, are owners of Perry's, which was put into a conservatorship for them after Jessica died—just as she had wanted. As fourth generation owners, the three Perry kids are the youngest bait shop owners in South Carolina. They practically grew up in the shop, with a playpen set up behind the counter while Jessica juggled work and motherhood. Now a teen in school, Liam will sometimes help out at the shop on a part-time basis.
Jessica's love for fishing and the water was definitely passed down to her children. The boys have even won some local fishing tournaments.
"I just like being in the ocean, in the water," says Liam. "I mean, we were swimming when we were like two … I have a picture of me as a baby."
Jessica originally planned to be a pharmacist, after earning a double degree in biology and chemistry from East Carolina University. But she wanted to be outside … and around people.
Once she began standing at the helm of the bait shop, she quickly became known far and wide for her finesse in tying rigs, as taught by Winston, and her innate knowledge of fishing and where to go to catch what—no matter your skill level or your path in life.
"One of the neat things about Jessica is it's been over three years now, but we still have a lot of people coming to the shop that ask about her and have stories to tell," says Craig Doehner, Jessica's father. "She kind of had a way of making everybody feel like they were best friends, which is wonderful."
"The shop was really her fourth child," adds Sharon. "She loved being over here and she loved doing what she did and she just loved meeting people. This is one of the reasons we renovated this. It was one of her visions to have this transformed into a place where generations could come and visit the inlet."
The "this" Sharon is referring to is the family's latest business venture: the renovation and grand opening of the Murrells Inlet Fishing Lodge, a lovely waterfront cottage nestled under a canopy of live oaks and adjacent to the bait shop that became available as a vacation rental as of October 2020. The four-bedroom, three full-bath fishing lodge is a hidden gem, complete with wide-planked flooring, cheerful aquamarine walls, a modern kitchen wrapped in fish scale tile, and shabby chic coastal decor. A beautiful wall mural painted by local artist Asher Robinson in tribute to Jessica's legacy borders one of the bedroom door frames. The Perry kids each tell me excitedly that they claim a favorite bedroom when they stay there.
Outside, the back porch sports rocking chairs to overlook the bait shop's docks and views of the inlet. There's also a large picnic table (perfect for an oyster roast) and bench sitting area under one of the historic live oaks.
The fishing lodge is just one of the additions and expansions in the works on the bait shop property to secure the Perry children's future. The family is also expanding the roofline at the back of the bait shop, where more bait tanks are now covered by tarped tents. The bait in stock at Perry's is what makes them a mainstay on the marsh, with 90 percent of the bait caught fresh locally and then stored in tanks equipped with salt pipes from the creek.
"A lot of places call themselves bait and tackle shops, with a sign out front that says they have a lot of bait, but we try to have at least six or seven different baits in the summertime—a much broader selection," says Craig.
In addition to live and frozen bait, the shop offers an endless supply of rigs, rods, gear and tackle, plus connections to local charters and fishing equipment repairmen. There's also a collection of "treasures" pulled from local waters displayed in the rafters that fishermen give to the bait shop—from an assortment of old glass bottles to a prosthetic leg.
Perry's also hosts an ongoing schedule of events and fundraisers (tentative during the pandemic), such as fishing seminars and knife-sharpening classes. Since 2017, Perry's Annual Benefit has been held on the Saturday nearest November 13 (Jessica's birthday) on the grounds: the first year raised funds to establish an education fund for Jessica's children, the second year was focused on benefiting the Family Justice Center of Georgetown and continuing the Jessica Perry Memorial Reef project in Pawleys Island, and the third year marked another reef installation and a donation to the Lost at Sea Memorial in Murrells Inlet. The lodge will also be the destination for its first wedding this summer.
"I hope the children will continue keeping the bait shop, although I want them to feel free to navigate and choose whatever career field they want to go into," says Sharon. "But I hope that they're able to find good managers that will continue running it and just keep the Perry legacy alive. I hope they'll be bringing their children and grandchildren here … if only we all had a crystal ball."
Liam, who is wearing a NASA sweatshirt today, wants to become an aerospace engineer and likes to invent, read and create prototypes for all kinds of machines.
"After I retire, I'm going to buy every business on the MarshWalk—all of it," he says.
Off the water, Aden is obsessed with soccer and basketball and is also interested in engineering. Bella loves to sing and dance, and she wants to get involved in volleyball, but it's been a challenge during the pandemic.
As guardians of Liam, Aden and Bella, Sharon and Craig are devoted to raising their second family, of sorts, in addition to the couple's adult children, Jessica's siblings, and grandchildren.
"We just wanted to make sure the children were taken care of, and we know Jessica's siblings will step in if needed, but we wanted to make sure this is all there for them," says Sharon. "We didn't want them to have to worry, because Jessica wanted and planned this for them."
It was heaped onto their mourning and burden of losing their daughter, but Sharon and Craig didn't hesitate to care for their grandchildren. Sharon shared in a domestic abuse awareness speech she made in 2019 at the Georgetown's Sherriff's Office: "We also discovered that a lot of children today are being supported by a new generation of grandparents. Because of domestic violence, increasing numbers of grandparents care for their grandchildren during the day or have legal full custody of their grandchildren, making them surrogate parents."
In that same speech, she says, "Some months later [after Jessica's death], we discovered that the state of South Carolina has been in the top 10 annually for the last 20 years for domestic abuse. … Jessica was passionate about coastal wildlife preservation and loved anything that lived and swam in the ocean. She was a gifted artist, entrepreneur and business owner, too. As a child, she astonished us by her precocious mind, her ability to remember obscure details, and once told us she couldn't remember not ever being able to read. Her beautiful, contagious smile brought so much joy to her family and her many, many friends. …"
For more information on the bait shop and upcoming events, visit perrysbaitshop.com. To book a stay or event at the Murrells Inlet Fishing Lodge, visit murrellsinletfishinglodge.com.
Wishin you were Fishin
Along with our chunk of the Atlantic Ocean, our countless tidal creeks, our rivers and estuaries, comes an amazing variety of seafood waiting to by plied from the water and prepared for your consumption. Don't have a boat or a fishing pole? Don't know how to fish at all? No worries! Dozens of fishing charters, large and small, including headboats and private charters, can get you on the water without any need of prior experience or a fishing license.
A Good Day of Fishing
Finding fish, fun and happiness at the jetties
The Freshest Seafood on the Grand Strand
These area eateries please with delicious seafood, from the ocean to your plate
events / Pawleys Island / decor / Georgetown / local art / Running / fishing / MARSHWALK