This primer is supposed to introduce readers to the workings of the present U.S. monetary system. So it's only natural that it should take established monetary arrangements for granted, including an official, "fiat" dollar currency managed by the Federal Reserve System.
And while I haven't hesitated to point out shortcomings in the Fed's management of the dollar, and have even dared to suggest some ways in which that management might be improved upon, I haven't questioned the fact that, whether it does so competently or not, the Fed is indeed ultimately "in charge" of the U.S. monetary system. That is, I've assumed that the U.S. dollar is the only important domestic currency unit, and that the total quantity of dollar-denominated exchange media, the behavior of the general level of prices, U.S. dollar exchange rates, and the periodic flow of domestic dollar-denominated payments, remain under the discretionary control of the FOMC.
But while a monetary policy primer must generally deal with existing monetary arrangements, it doesn't follow that it should overlook others altogether. "Policy," according to Webster, is "a high-level overall plan embracing the general goals and acceptable procedures especially of a governmental body." And though, within the set of possible plans, the most readily-implemented ones take existing institutional arrangements for granted, there are always other, more radical options that involve either replacing established arrangements or confronting them with rival ones with which they must compete.
Radical policy alternatives are, inevitably, controversial ones as well; so a primer is hardly the place for any detailed consideration, let alone a defense, of any of them. Instead, we must settle for a quick glance at several especially prominent or intriguing possibilities, all of which involve moving away from the present, discretionary system and towards a more-or-less "automatic" alternative.
Among various proposals for reforming the present U.S. dollar, none are more controversial than those for re-instating an official gold standard, meaning an arrangements in which official paper U.S. dollars are once again made fully convertible into a fixed quantity of gold, as they had been until 1933. The proposal is controversial in no small part because, so far as many economists are concerned, the historic gold standard was itself a disastrous failure, the passing of which calls, not for tears of regret, but for cries of "good riddance!"
How to account, then, for the gold standard's enduring appeal, especially among conservatives and libertarians? Part of the answer is that, whatever its shortcomings, a gold standard has the indisputable merit of serving to automatically stabilize the long-run purchasing power of any money tied to it. That property, far from being mysterious, stems from the simple fact that under a gold standard the profitability of gold prospecting and mining increases, other things equal, as prices generally fall, and declines as prices generally rise. Consequently although the general level of prices can fluctuate, it tends to revert over time to a fixed mean.
Another part of the answer is that the gold standard's critics often exaggerate its shortcomings, especially relative to those of actual (as opposed to idealized) fiat standards. On a blackboard, of course, a fiat standard can readily be shown to outperform a gold standard in the long-run perhaps, but certainly in the short-run. But that's true only because, on a blackboard, a fiat standard can be made to do whatever the chalk-wielder likes. In practice, on the other hand, fiat standards can and often do behave very badly indeed. What self-respecting economist, right now, would relish the opportunity to lecture a roomful of Venezuelans on the theoretical advantages of irredeemable paper money?
Moreover, while the international gold "exchange" standard that was cobbled together after World War I was a disaster waiting to happen, the prewar "classical" gold standard's commerce-invigorating combination of generally fixed exchange rates and reasonable (if less than perfect) price-level stability has never been matched since.
But however much one may regret the passing of the classical gold standard, it doesn't follow that we can do no better than to try and restore it. "In commerce," the great William Stanley Jevons famously said, "bygones are forever bygones"; and what Jevons says of commerce goes for money as well. Gold may have served as a relatively successful monetary standard in the past. But it doesn't follow that there's anything sacrosanct about gold today, or that a gold standard is still the best of all possible options for fundamental monetary reform.
On the contrary: an official attempt to once again make paper dollars convertible into gold today would be a step no less arbitrary or "constructivist" (in F.A. Hayek's sense of the term), than an attempt to make them convertible into silver, palladium, or Japanese yen. To be sure, gold has a nostalgic appeal lacking in the rest. But allowing that consideration to be decisive would be like deciding to replace an aging fleet of jet aircraft, not with newer jets, but with as many propeller-driven biplanes. Don't get me wrong: I'm not saying that gold convertibility couldn't possibly be a good idea. I'm just saying that it wouldn't qualify as a great idea simply by virtue of its historical preeminence. The only real test ought to be whether a revived gold standard would deliver better results than any equally practical (and not merely theoretical) alternative.
Finally, even if no new system could beat a restored classical gold standard, it doesn't follow that such a restoration is possible. If getting one nation alone to return to gold is bound to be extremely difficult, getting a large number of advanced nations to do so simultaneously, so as to have a truly "classical" set-up like the one that existed before 1914, would be a truly Herculean challenge.
If trying to revive the classical gold standard, or something close to it, is like trying to piece Humpty-Dumpty back together, that doesn't mean that we have no choice but to settle for a paper dollar managed by a committee of fallible (and occasionally fumbling) bureaucrats. In particular, the difficulties inherent in trying to tame the dollar by once again making it convertible into a scarce commodity can be avoided by relying instead on a quantity-based monetary rule. Because such a rule provides for automatic adjustments in the quantity of standard money without allowing people to convert that money into something else, it can't fall victim to a speculative attack, and is that much more likely to endure.
As we've already reviewed some general arguments in favor of having a monetary rule, there's no need to review those arguments again here. Instead, I'd like to consider a radical variation on the old theme, consisting of a quantity rule that's enforced, not by a committee, either voluntarily or with the help of sanctions imposed whenever the rule is breached, but by means of some sort of automatic, fail-safe mechanism.
Although the constant ("k-percent") money growth rate rule that Friedman once favored has itself fallen out of fashion, his idea for a computer-driven money supply couldn't be more à la mode. Computers are, for one thing, capable of doing a lot more than they were back in the 90s. And even in the 90s they might have been capable of managing the money supply so as to maintain, not a stable growth rate for B or M1 or M2 or some other monetary aggregate, but a stable level of nominal spending. The smooth growth of spending would in turn supply, for reasons we've considered previously, robust protection against severe economic fluctuations.
Indeed, while it's easy to imagine a circumstance in which a constant money growth rule could turn out to be a recipe for macroeconomic chaos, it's darn difficult to imagine a situation in which there'd be much to gain, and little to lose, by sacrificing a stable and customary overall growth rate of spending growth for some other monetary policy objective. A bout of exceptionally rapid spending? A fine way to boost asset prices, no doubt, until one considers the inevitable denouement! Slower spending than usual? Tell it to your average businessman, or employee! Those (mainly Fed insiders) who rail against what they like to characterize as "inflexible" rules (as if a "rule" could be anything but inflexible!) forget — or pretend not to know — that while some rules would indeed prevent the Fed from having the flexibility to do the right thing, others would mainly serve to deny it the flexibility to do wrong things. A stable spending rule, including one that's "rigidly" enforced by a computer, though it would rule out many bad monetary policy options, would also "rule in" the good ones.
Scott Sumner has come up with an alternative plan for targeting nominal spending, which relies not on a computer but on trading in futures to keep spending on target. The plan, called "NGDP Futures Targeting ," starts with the Fed settling on an NGDP growth-rate target — say, 4 percent — and then offering to enter into NGDP futures contracts, with payoffs depending on the future level of NGDP, to anyone who expects it to either exceed or fall short of target. Traders who expect NGDP to come in above target will go long on the futures, while those expecting it to fall short will go short.
How, then, does the Fed manage to actually achieve its target? The answer becomes evident when one considers the link between the futures contracts it enters into for its monetary policy operations. When the Fed sells futures to investors who are betting on excessive NGDP growth, it is withdrawing base dollars from the economy, just as it might by engaging in open-market asset sales. In contrast, when it buys contracts from short sellers, it expands the monetary base. In other words, the very persons who are betting that the Fed will miss its target are also driving it to adjust its policy in a direction calculated to make them lose their bets! As a means for further reinforcing this built-in feedback mechanism, Sumner would also have the Fed engage in "parallel" open-market operations for each NGDP contract purchase or sale. In short, by offering to "peg" the price of its futures by engaging in as many contracts as it takes to keep the price on target, the Fed essentially stands ready to expand or contract the monetary base by whatever it takes to keep expected NGDP on target.
That, at least, must suffice for the barest of summaries of a plan that has since appeared in several, subtly-distinct versions, each of which has spawned its share of subtle (and not-so-subtle) controversy, with some critics claiming that Sumner's scheme, or some versions of it, unworkable. Do those critics have a point? Perhaps they do, but that's not our concern. We're here neither to praise nor to bury, but only to have a gander at, this and other intriguing future possibilities for monetary policy.
Of these possibilities none are more intriguing than those held out by so-called cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin and its various "altcoin" offshoots. As I observed some years ago (and as Tim Sablik explains in this Richmond Fed piece), when it was just starting to gain economists' attention, Bitcoin has properties in common with both gold and other commodity monies on the one hand and deliberately managed fiat monies on the other. Like gold, Bitcoin is unalterably scarce: just as there is only so much gold on the planet, whether mined or as-yet unmined, there are only so many bitcoins to be had — 21 million, to be precise — of which not quite 17 million have been mined as of this writing. And like gold mining, bitcoin "mining," which involves the use of computer-power to solve a mathematical puzzle, is costly. Since bitcoin "miners" compete for the privilege of being responsible for some share of any periods' bitcoin output, the marginal resource costs of mining a batch (or "block") of bitcoin tends to equal the market value of the coins produced.
Yet unlike gold, and like a fiat money, both the maximum possible output of bitcoin and the number of coins mined in any given period is controlled, not by mother nature, but by a protocol programmed into Bitcoin's open-source software. The protocol adjusts the difficulty of the puzzle bitcoin miners must solve so as to keep total bitcoin output on a predetermined schedule, according to which bitcoin output gradually tapers off, asymptotically approaching, but never quite reaching, its 21 million coin limit. The decentralized nature of Bitcoin's software means that no one is either "in charge" of the protocol or capable of altering it. A majority of miners can, however, agree to form themselves into a new branch network or "fork" that uses a modified copy of Bitcoin's original protocol, as happened on August 1, 2017, when "Bitcoin Cash" split-off from what became known thereafter as "Bitcoin Core." Although the fork created as many new "Bitcoin Cash" coins as there had been Bitcoin Core coins beforehand, it left the Bitcoin Core protocol itself unchanged.
Bitcoin's odd blend of commodity- and fiat-money properties led me to dub it a "synthetic commodity money" some years ago. But the exciting thing about Bitcoin and its various spinoffs and rivals isn't merely that they comprise a distinct sort of basic money, but that their combination of commodity- and fiat-money features is capable, in principle at least, of combining the best properties, while avoiding the worst, of each of those more traditional alternatives.
One of the more common complaints against a commodity standard is that it exposes the value of money to shocks stemming from either new commodity discoveries or from changes in the non-monetary demand for the standard commodity. Bitcoin and other such "synthetic" commodity monies are, on the other hand, not subject to similar shocks, because the amount miners can extract is strictly pre-programmed, and because they have no non-monetary (e.g. ornamental or industrial) value.
It doesn't follow, of course, that any old cryptocurrency would be a hands-down winner in a race against any established fiat money. Despite its ultimate limit of 21 million coins and skyrocketing transactions fees, Bitcoin might still seem a safer gamble than, say, the Venezuelan Bolivar. But would it really supply a better or more durable monetary standard than the present U.S. dollar?
But the question isn't whether Bitcoin can beat the present fiat dollar. It's whether the basic technology pioneered by Bitcoin might allow some other self-regulating cryptocurrency to do so. Besides giving rise to its own "Cash" spinoff, Bitcoin has already spawned dozens of "altcoin" rivals, with others yet to come. It's at least conceivable some one or more of these might harbor such properties as would make it a worthy opponent to the present dollar, if not something clearly superior. Consider, if you will, the immense variety of ordinary commodities that either have served as money in the past, or that might have done so, from cowrie shells and tobacco to silver, gold, and even (as more than one prominent economist once proposed) common bricks. Each had its merits and its drawbacks; and every one of them was imperfect. But now consider that the cryptocurrency revolution presents us with a whole new universe of new, albeit synthetic, options to draw upon, each of which has been deliberately endowed with properties calculated to make it an attractive medium of exchange. Call me an optimist, but it seems to me only natural to suppose that one of these innovative products might someday prove just the thing to give even the best discretion-wielding central bankers a run for their (that is, our) money.
For an upstart currency to make inroads on an established fiat money requires, at very least, that established and would-be monies compete on a reasonably level playing field. That means having rules and regulations that make it relatively easy for persons to either partly or entirely "opt out" of an official currency network, and to "opt in" to one or more alternative networks. I say "relatively easy" because it's inevitably costly to switch from one currency network to another, and especially so when the switch is from a bigger network to a smaller one. A level playing field therefore means, not one where rivals are necessarily well-matched, but one where the game isn't rigged in the home team's favor. In other words, the laws should not themselves favor official money over other alternatives.
all the members of the European Economic Community, or, better still, all the governments of the Atlantic Community, to bind themselves mutually not to place any restrictions on the free use within their territories of one another's — or any other — currencies, including their purchase and sale at any price the parties decide upon, or on their use as accounting units in which to keep books.
The obvious solution, the Coin Center goes on to suggest, is "to simply create a de minimis exemption for cryptocurrency the way it exists for foreign currency." But hold on: to really achieve Hayek's ideal, it won't do to level the capital gains tax portion of the currency playing field for cryptocurrencies only, rather than for all potential, unofficial dollar substitutes. But then, just what shouldn't count as such a potential substitute? Surely gold qualifies. But why not silver, or cigarettes, or… the point, as we know from experience, is that all sorts of things are "potential" exchange media, and therefore potential currencies. So, to really allow them all to compete on equal terms, one would at very least have to exempt all of them — from taxes to which official dollar trades aren't subject.
In short, Hayek's ideal is just that: something to have governments strive for, rather than something they can be expected to fully achieve in practice.
What's more, Hayek was far too optimistic regarding the likely consequence of making it easier for people to choose among rival currencies. "Make it merely legal" for them to switch to something else, he wrote, "and people will be very quick indeed to refuse to use the national currency once it depreciates noticeably." But would they? Unlike, say, shoes or soda water, money is a "network" good, meaning that one of the most important, if not the most important, determinant of the attractiveness of any particular money is the size of the network of persons prepared to accept it. You might think gold an ideal monetary commodity, and I might hold that Bitcoin is to the dollar what sliced bread is to bread of the old-fashioned sort. Yet when it comes to going shopping, what either of us must first consider is, not what sort of money we like, but what the shopkeepers are prepared to take in exchange for their goods.
It follows that, even if official and unofficial currencies really could have a level playing field to compete on, that field would still be one on which official money would generally enjoy a huge "home team" advantage. For this reason, the mere fact that an official currency is depreciating "noticeably" isn't enough to incite people to abandon it in droves. Instead, it might take a very substantial rate of depreciation, or some like cataclysm, to bring about rapid change. Cataclysms aside, upstart currencies are more likely to have to start by clawing their way into established currency markets one painful inch at a time, though with each becoming easier than the last as their own, initially tiny networks begin to blossom.
The alternatives I've considered so far have all consisted either of potential replacements for the U.S. dollar or of novel means for regulating the stock of official (that is, Fed-created) U.S. dollars themselves. Emphasizing such alternatives makes sense, after all, in a primer concerned with "monetary policy," where the most fundamental choices are those concerning what type or types of basic money to employ, and how best to regulate the supply of basic money, assuming that it doesn't adequately regulate itself.
But what about alternatives consisting of banks' readily convertible IOUs, like most bank deposits today that, by virtue of their instant convertibility into official dollars, are very close substitutes for them? Because such bank-created substitutes necessarily "piggy back" on the basic monies into which they can be converted, their presence can't generally make up for misbehavior or mismanagement of the quantity of basic money itself, and might even aggravate that misbehavior. A fiat money stock that's allowed to grow so rapidly that it would result in a 20 percent annual rate of inflation in a pure fiat money system will, for example, produce the exact same rate of inflation in an economy in which payments are made exclusively by means of bank IOUs backed by a fixed fractional reserve of the same basic money.
Moreover there's nothing at all radical about having banks supply such alternatives, at least to a limited extent. Today and for some time past bank deposits of various kinds have served, with the aid of checks and, more recently, debit cards, as close substitutes for official monies, to the point of being far more extensively employed in exchange than official monies themselves.
It would, nevertheless, be wrong to suppose that there's no scope for a potential beneficial radical reform involving bank-supplied alternatives to basic money. On the contrary: plenty of scope exists for expanding the role of such alternatives, particularly by doing away with long-standing restrictions on commercial banks' ability to challenge central banks' monopoly of circulating (or hand-to-hand) payments media.
Once upon a time commercial banks routinely issued their own circulating paper notes; indeed, until the latter half of the 19th century bank notes were the most important liability on banks' balance sheets, which were far more commonly employed in making payments than either checks or coins. Nor did central bank notes, which themselves started out as mere IOUs redeemable in gold or silver, only to be transformed into inconvertible fiat money later on, come to generally displace notes of commercial banks until the last decades of the 19th century, and the opening ones of the 20th, when the proliferation of central banks typically went hand-in-hand with laws forcing commercial banks out of the paper currency business.
Received opinion has it that commercial bank notes had to go because central bank currency was better. But now and then received opinion is nothing but hokum, and this happens to be one of those instances. Had central bank notes been better than their commercial counterparts, it shouldn't have been necessary for governments to suppress the latter. Instead, the mere availability of official alternatives should have sounded the death knell of the commercial stuff. Yet instead of that having been the case, in every instance the commercial bank notes had to be snuffed-out, leaving people no choice but to employ official paper money. Nor did the commercial bank currency go down without a fight, in which prominent economists often took part, with many of the most prominent (and most better ones, if I may say so) challenging governments' efforts to establish official currency monopolies, and championing the alternative of free trade in banking, or "free banking," for short.
Strictly speaking, "free banking" means more than just allowing ordinary banks to issue paper currency. It also means leaving them free of other restrictions, including restrictions upon their ability to establish branch networks, lend to whomever they wish, charge whatever rates they wish, and hold whatever levels of cash reserves and capital they wish to. Freedom of note issue is only the most controversial of these many aspects of freedom in banking, in part because allowing it would make it possible for the public to rely exclusively on privately-supplied exchange media, with official dollars playing their part only behind the scenes, as bank reserves. Furthermore, in times past, when official money consisted, not of any central bank's inconvertible "liabilities," but of gold or silver coin, not having to rely on a central bank as a source of paper money meant not having to have a central bank at all !
Could a monetary system lacking a central bank possibly have been any good? Darn tootin'!
Of all relatively modern monetary systems, none have earned more kudos than the two that most closely approximated the free-banking ideal, namely, the systems of Scotland between the latter 18th century and 1845 and Canada from 1870 and 1914. In both of these, bank-supplied notes and deposits commanded such a high degree of confidence that gold and silver coin hardly circulated. The public's disdain for precious metal money in turn allowed Scottish and Canadian banks to operate on reserve cushions that were slim even by today's standards. That in turn made Scottish and Canadian banks highly efficient intermediaries, with almost all of their clients' savings going to fund relatively productive bank loans and investments. Yet despite this high degree of efficiency, bank runs were extremely rare in both systems, while banking crises, involving simultaneous problems at many banks at once, were almost unheard of.
Partly it's because the Fed and other central banks, upon which we're now all too inclined to turn to for information about monetary history, have underplayed such success stories as those of Scotland and Canada whilst sugarcoating their own records. But in the U.S. case it's also due to confusion about the meaning of "free banking." Whereas that phrase can refer to genuinely free banking systems like those of Scotland and Canada, it can also refer to any of the systems established through so-called "Free Banking" laws passed by eighteen states between 1837 and 1860. Despite their names the later laws didn't come close to allowing genuine freedom in banking. Instead, they all imposed important restrictions upon the banks established under them, including the requirements that those banks refrain from establishing branches, and that they back their notes entirely with specific securities — usually consisting of state government bonds. In several instances such restrictions, far from guaranteeing the soundness of the banks that were forced to abide by them, led to notorious abuses and failures, including episodes of "wildcat" banking. All in all, the misnamed "Free Banking" era proved to be one of the most unfortunate chapters in U.S. monetary history, because of the direct damage done by bank failures, of course, but also because those failures gave freedom in banking a bad name it didn't deserve.
But what relevance has free (that is, genuinely free) banking today? It's relevant, first of all, because an understanding of its workings suggests that freedom in banking isn't necessarily inimical to soundness in banking, and that the wrong sort of regulations can in fact be worse than no regulations at all. It also suggests that, even if we are determined to rely on a fiat-money issuing Fed as our ultimate source of monetary control, we need not rely upon them to supply hand-to-hand currency. Instead, we might let commercial banks back into that business, while limiting the Fed's ordinary involvement in the market for money to the "wholesale" part of that market — that is, to supplying banks with reserves. Commercial banks that could issue their own notes would presumably also be free to experiment with other forms of non-deposit money, including "smart" stored value cards, that might eventually replace paper money altogether, except on rare occasions when people lost confidence in the private stuff. I dare say, indeed, that had commercial banks been left in charge of supplying currency all along, paper money would some time ago have gone the way of horses, buggies, spittoons, and slide-rules. What else save a bunch of government monopolists could have managed to keep such low-tech stuff as paper currency in play for so long?
Should We, Can We, "End the Fed"?
While in times past free banking was an alternative to central banking, that's no longer so. Today's commercial bank deposits are claims, not to gold or silver coin, but to central bank issued fiat money; and were commercial banks able to supply their own notes or stored value cards to take the place of central bank notes in payments that don't involve drawing upon bank deposits, those notes and cards would also represent claims to central bank money.
In short, so long as we stick to the present fiat dollar standard, instead of replacing it with either a natural or a synthetic commodity standard, no amount of freedom in commercial banking will suffice to render the Fed entirely otiose. No wonder that, when former U.S. Representative Ron Paul and his many devotees campaign to "End the Fed," they have in mind, not just letting bulldozers loose on the Eccles Building, but once again making official dollars claims to some fixed quantity of gold.
Whether one is a hard-core libertarian or not, it's interesting to ponder the extent to which the Fed's role might be reduced, with the help of various more-or-less radical reforms, without either abandoning the present, inconvertible U.S. dollar or sacrificing its integrity.
We've already considered how a carefully-programmed computer, or having the Fed peg the price of NGDP futures, could render the FOMC redundant — in so far at least as that body's challenge can be boiled down to one of maintaining a stable level of overall spending. We've also seen how letting commercial banks issue circulating currency would make it unnecessary for the Fed to be in the currency business, though it would still require keeping plenty of Federal Reserve notes on hand in case a banking panic should break out. Finally, in an earlier chapter we've seen how allowing "flexible" open-market operations could make it unnecessary for the Fed to ever make any direct loans to troubled financial institutions.
Yet these are far from being the only possibilities for having a leaner, if not a meaner, Fed. The Fed's reduced involvement in currency provision and last-resort lending would mean a corresponding decline in the importance of the regional Fed banks, apart from the New York Fed, which handles the system's open-market operations. The Fed's involvement in check clearing could also be reduced, by returning that activity to the private sector, which handled it perfectly well until the Fed muscled its way in after 1913. Finally, most of the vast army of economists and other staff personnel presently employed at the Fed, who even now are mainly busy performing tasks that have nothing much to do with fulfilling the Fed's mandate, could be made to seek more productive employment elsewhere.
In short, sticking to a fiat dollar doesn't rule out reforms that would dramatically reduce the Fed's role in the monetary system. Instead of the present, Leviathan Fed, one might have what might be called a "Nightwatchman" Fed, capable of doing those things that any responsible fiat money issuing central bank ought to do, but incapable of doing many of the things that irresponsible central banks do all too often.
By surveying some more radical options for monetary reform, I don't pretend to have made a compelling case for any of them. My only goal has been to suggest that all sorts of alternatives exist, and that each of them has its merits. Will any of them really help? Is one better than the rest? Are there others not mentioned that deserve our consideration? The correct answer to all these questions, and others like them, is "Maybe." In other words, such alternatives are, or ought to be, worth thinking about, even if some might ultimately be judged unattractive. Allowing ourselves to think outside the established monetary policy box can never do us any harm. Nothing could be more dangerous, on the other hand, than for all of us to assume that, despite its obvious faults, ours happens to be the best of all possible monetary systems.
This entry was posted in Commodity Money, Digital Money, Free Banking, Monetary Policy Primer and tagged Bitcoin, Gold standard, monetary alternatives, monetary rule, NGDP targeting. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Q: how XBeanNamespaceHandler is used by ActiveMQ? I am interesting to know how ActiveMQ's xml is pared to generate its embedded broker. I found the following spring.handlers in the activemq-core-5.5.0.jar.
#Generated by xbean-spring
#Mon Mar 28 19:10:40 IST 2011
http\://activemq.apache.org/schema/core=org.apache.xbean.spring.context.v2.XBeanNamespaceHandler

This indicate that the XBeanNamespaceHandler is used however I have no idea how. Anybody out there got idea of how ActiveMQ use XBeanNamespaceHandler?
Thanks,

A: Implementation of such namespace handlers is described in Appendix D. Extensible XML authoring of Spring Reference.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Tamjid is one of the best and skilled web developers I have worked with, He has both technical and communication skills, he has big experience in SharePoint & ASP.NET. He delivered many projects with us in US and UAE. He is very professional in his work and takes his job seriously.
I've been working with Ahmed for the past two months on the development and implementation of our company's new intranet. Coming from two completely different disciplines and experience, Ahmed has made the process extremely for a communications professional to understand; simplified the technical terminology and used his initiative and innovative way of thinking to develop an amazing intranet that suits to needs of our staff. He is one of the best programmers, if not the best, that I have had the pleasure in working with. I wouldn't hesitate in recommending him to any individual or company.
Ahmed Tamjid is a very thoughtful professional, very concerned into social issues and human relationship that is part of is work as a filmmaker and artist.


text:
Want to Know More About Russian Women?
In the Nineteen Nineties, consultants and activists succeeded in improving well being care, coaching physicians, and educating the public, managing to decrease dangerous sexual habits and improve medical care for girls to realize a 30 percent decline in abortions in favor of contraception. The state of affairs changed when Russia skilled a conservative flip, the funding of NGOs ran out, and a selection of legislative and administrative measures had been adopted to restrict reproductive choices. The problem of replica has been central to the political reconstitution of post-socialist nations, and hostile encounters over legality of abortion mirror the cultural anxieties of the last 30 years. The share of girls in the sciences, which increased in post-Soviet occasions because of male brain drain and exit, is now in decline once more. These developments have an effect on the livelihoods and prospects of feminine researchers and academics, but gender imbalance also hurts science itself, while gender diversity stimulates innovation.
Many Russian viewers took offense to a singer of Tajik descent singing about Russian girls and to the singer's activism for LGBT rights and girls's rights, and left hate feedback on the video and her Instagram account, demanding that she drop out of Eurovision. Yelena Drapeko, First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Culture, instructed banning Manizha from performing in Eurovision beneath the Russian flag, commenting also that Eurovision supplied no cultural value and was too politicized and pro-LGBT. Societal views of women changed with Glasnost in the late interval of the Soviet Union. This e-book covers the methods women modified and the way they're perceived socially. This e-book is a good source into how ladies were checked out socially and how girls dressed, acted and labored in direction of the tip of the Soviet Union. This article discusses the role of rural feminine employees right after Lenin took management of Russia.
Get The Scoop on Russian Woman Before You are Too Late
The males, they are saying, have been given almost no relevant coaching and their preexisting health problems have been exacerbated since their call-up. A Reuters analysis revealed in October discovered that within the early weeks after the February invasion, at least 30 % of these charged with protesting the struggle were lonely russian women women, in comparison with 11 p.c of those facing political-protest costs in 2021 and 6 p.c in 2019. In Russian, the word for "field" and "battlefield" are synonymous. War has also played a huge position within the lifetime of the Russian women of the 20th century.
Anyone who has been to Russia could have observed that the nation has many cultural differences from the West. The much less you view Russia and Russian girls through a Western lens, the higher probability you'll have to see actuality and the less struggles you will experience. At the most recent count, more than 14,900 Russian individuals have been detained by safety forces and police for protesting, based on OVD-Info, a Russian human rights organization. Though we're having a bunch of feminine empowerment songs in Eurovision lately, these lyrics are presumably probably the most feminist thus far, coping with several necessary topics for Russian ladies like Manizha, but in addition for women all around the world. The lack of respect from some Russian men is the rationale for Russian girls to hunt a romantic partner abroad, hoping for a match who can provide for the family and care concerning the children.
During the two weeks following Putin's mobilization announcement, 119,000 Russians entered the EU and an independent evaluate of Russia's Federal Customs Service knowledge for the same interval confirmed 200,000 going to Kazakhstan and one other forty nine,000 entering Georgia. In whole, because exact figures are hard to come by so shortly, "hundreds of thousands" have doubtless escaped Russia, Reuters reviews. It will take months to fully understand the impact of the mobilization on Russia's demographics—most of the out there data just isn't disaggregated by gender. But while the number of draft-eligible males among the many exodus of Russians is unknown, anecdata definitely suggests that the folks leaving skew male. Which signifies that the Russian women who stayed behind have been studying to reside with out men. Female protesters in Russia are notably vulnerable to the specter of sexual violence, stated OVD-Info lawyer Daria Korolenko. The group documented about 200 instances of women threatened with sexual violence, deprived of meals or sleep or subjected to other mistreatment while detained over protests between Sept. 21 and 26.
Women had equality in jobs given to them in precept but not in practice, employers still most popular men over women in some fields, yet in others they most well-liked females, for instance females made higher development employees than males in the finest way they took fewer breaks. ANNA coordinates efforts by a hundred and fifty groups throughout Russia and the previous Soviet states, and Nasiliu.net offers free authorized and psychological assist to victims of abuse. But they face rising hostility from the Kremlin and the Russian Orthodox Church, which has loved a staggering rise in affect throughout President Vladimir Putin's years in energy. There was fierce backlash to a 2019 invoice that may have launched restraining orders—a first in Russia—and harsher punishments for first-time offenders, including short jail sentences as a substitute of simply fines.
Those who oppose the war in Russia can be detained for up to fifteen years on the premise of disseminating false info and discrediting the armed forces, stated Alena Popova, a Galina Starovoitova Fellow at the Wilson Center and vocal anti-war activist. The most necessary part of courting individuals from other cultures is to study extra about them and their tradition. An international relationship takes work and understanding, but there might be a lot profit to learning about another culture and language. Russian women are no different than all women for the most part, simply benefit from the ride! For more info on dwelling in Russia as an expat, check out our information to transferring to Russia as an expat, our information to authorized residence in Russia, and our information to discovering an expat job in Russia. These are just some of the numerous cultural differences you will expertise and observe with Russian ladies. They are all generalizations and stereotypes to some degree, but there could be nonetheless much reality behind most of them.
In 2018, she grew to become the first Russian artist to be given the "Deezer Next" treatment. Deezer is a French-based music streaming service and their "Next" initiative highlights the music of choose artists from across the globe through increased publicity in playlists. Her present and unique sound combines soul with traditional and electric flair. Despite all the mixing and matching, in a 2018 interview with wiwibloggs, she told us her music is "super easy, music from my heart, that's all". She additionally mentioned it honours "realness" — making her a lady of our personal coronary heart. Manizhawon Russia's Eurovision 2021 choice on International Women's Day with her track "Russian Woman", an empowering anthem recounting the journey of women in Russia.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We are offering 3 new blocks each week-and patterns are only available for 2 weeks at a time! Did you notice that each pattern is designed by a different talented Moda designers.
Remember to Shop Small-we depend on you!
Featuring the new "Little House on the Prairie" fabrics. This class will help with the instructions needed to complete your own sampler quilt. We will work on 3-4 blocks in each session. Class is free with purchase of block kits. Block kits are $25 each for (4) sessions. A finishing kit will be available for $42. Pattern is included. Please note you are committing to all 4 block kits.
Call the shop or email to register!


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To the few of you who have emailed me in the last month, my apologies. I've been somewhat busy here, and kept them safe in order to respond. But my email program hiccuped yesterday and now they're all gone!
Please, if you see this, drop me another email!


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My annual round up of the best new indie Christmas songs: what a glorious and unusual lot. Featuring the likes of Smoke Fairies, Hand of Glory, Hannah Peel and many others.
I've been too busy to do any recommended Christmas present blogs this year but I couldn't forgo my annual Christmas music round up. Here's what I recommend listening to for the 2014 festive period.
The Smoke Fairies release Wild Winter – an antidote to the usual jingly affair that encapsulates the sometimes sorrowful aspects of Christmas. Scuzzy guitars, off kilter chords and ponderous drums ground the sweet vocals on a subtlely betwitching album that could easily be enjoyed throughout the year. The Smoke Fairies say 'Sometimes winter provides us with a sense of togetherness and love and sometimes it leaves us feeling alienated, cold and playing a glockenspiel alone in a darkened room. It's part of the year that will always be bittersweet and wild.' The video for the jaunty Three Kings features a succulent, an embroidered star and toilet roll kings: what's not to like?
The Singer and The Songwriter is Rachel Garcia and Thu Tran: combining multicultural influences with lush jazz inflected vocals in the softly beautiful Those Old Christmas Songs.
Another Messy Christmas by Dan Michaelson adopts an unusual viewpoint – that of Mrs Christmas, ever tolerant as Santa spends yet another festive season at work.
The brilliant A Yodelling Christmas Song by Lynne Butler came out in 2013, but I heard it for the first time on 6 Music this year, and instantly fell in love. Just check out the totally lo-fi video with the little boy jingling away in the back ground.
In a curious case of synchronicity Ontario based singer songwriter Carly Thomas releases Hold You (On Christmas Eve) – another song that takes a light-hearted look at the longest night of Santa's year through the eyes of Mrs. Claus, left home alone.
Hannah Peel releases the synth-tastic Find Peace as part of the Snowflake Christmas Singles Club, a small Netherlands-based festive label set up for the love of making limited vinyl just for Christmas. The song is a haunting offering with a distinctly contemporary feel.
Bethany Weimers presents Winter Heart: it's not entirely Christmas focused but I love the animated video that accompanies this lilting tune.
Song Four | Black Christmas by High Contrast from Occupation on Vimeo.
Lastly, High Contrast's new Christmas-themed protest song, Black Christmas is worth a mention as I am sympathetic to the theme of over consumption, and the video is great.
Ah, and here's a late addition from Dublin based Monster Monster: with Christmas in Liverpool.


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IAS Mains Exam 2017: Political Science and International Relations Optional Paper 1
Here, we have provided the Political Science Optional Paper 1 of IAS Mains Exam 2017. The IAS aspirants, who have chosen Political Science as an Optional Paper for IAS Mains Exam 2018, can get the idea of the pattern on the basis of which the UPSC ask questions. Go through it and analyse the pattern.
Athar Imam Raza
IAS Mains Exam 2017 Political Science and International Relations Optional Paper 1
The UPSC IAS aspirants with Political Science as an Optional subject for IAS Mains Exam 2018 can get the idea of the existing pattern of UPSC followed in recent years, Here, we have provided the Political Science Optional Paper 1 of IAS Mains Exam 2017 and it will be of great help to explore the pattern on which an IAS aspirant should adopt during his/her preparation for IAS Mains Exam 2018.
IAS Mains Exam 2017: History Optional Paper 2
UPSC IAS Mains Exam 2017
Political Science Optional Paper 1
Total Marks: 250
1. Comment on the following in about 150 words each: 10×5=50
(a) According to Sri Aurobindo, Swaraj is a necessary condition for India to accomplish its destined goal. (10)
(b) Neo-liberal perspective of State (10)
(c) Post-modernism (10)
(d) Eco-feminism (10)
(e) Hobbesian notion of Political Obligation (10)
2. (a) Rawls' theory of justice is both contractual and distributive. Examine. (20)
(b) Everywhere, inequality is a cause of revolution - Aristotle. Comment. (15)
(c) Define Socialism. Discuss the salient features of Fabian Socialism. (15)
3. (a) What do you understand by Multiculturalism? Discuss Bhikhu Parekh's view on Multiculturalism. (20)
(b) Deliberative democracy does not have its salience without participation and participatory democracy does not have its credence without deliberations. Comment. (15)
(c) Differentiate between Freedom and Liberty. Discuss Marx's notion of freedom. (15)
4. (a) Political democracy could not last unless social democracy lay at its base - B.R. Ambedkar. Comment. (20)
(b) Write a brief note on The End of History debate. (15)
(c) What do you understand by the notion of Statecraft? Discuss the theory of statecraft as given by Kautilya. (15)
(a) The success of Mahatma Gandhi lay in transforming both political and non-political movements into a unified nationalist movement. (10)
(b) Right to privacy is an intrinsic part of the right to life. (10)
(c) Indian federation has moved from cooperative federation to competitive federation. (10)
(d) State subvention/funding may be an effective instrument in strengthening electoral democracy in India. (10)
(e) In the post-liberalization era, Indian politics is moving from ascriptive politics to developmental politics. (10)
6. (a) Differentiate parliamentary supremacy from parliamentary sovereignty. Would you consider the Indian Parliament as a Sovereign Parliament? Examine. (20)
(b) Has the 73rd Constitutional Amendment empowered women in panchayats in India? Discuss. (15)
(c) Religion is still an important factor in Indian politics. Discuss. (15)
7. (a) India has moved from 'one-party dominant system' to 'one-party led coalition'. Discuss. (20)
(b) How is the President of India elected? Outline the salient characteristics of the electoral college of the Indian President. (15)
(c) Examine the role of the National Commission for Minorities in preserving, promoting and protecting the rights of minorities in India. (15)
8. (a) Judiciary has acquired the role of both, a legislature and an executive in recent years. Examine with suitable examples. (20)
(b) What do you understand by Green Revolution? Do you think that a Second Green Revolution is needed to adequately address the agrarian challenges in contemporary India? Examine. (15)
(c) Differentiate Moderate Nationalism from Extremist/Militant Nationalism in terms of their objectives and means. (15)
IAS Mains GS I Previous Year Papers and Study Materials
IAS Question Papers and Answer Key 2019
IAS Main Question Papers


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Q: Google maps - divide region into equal parts and show ONLY clicked region on map Here is the code sample to divide map into equal regions. When clicking on marker at the center of a rectangle then how can i show only that particular rectangle region on google map? All other regions should NOT be in the map after clicking on marker.
function initialize() {
var myLatlng;
var mapOptions;

myLatlng = new google.maps.LatLng(29.98439980, -95.34140015);

    mapOptions = {
      zoom: 16,
      center: myLatlng,
      mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP
    };

    var map = new google.maps.Map(
      document.getElementById("map-canvas"), mapOptions);

    google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(map, 'idle', function() {
      drawRectangle(map);
    });

    function drawRectangle(map) {
      var bounds = map.getBounds();
      var southWest = bounds.getSouthWest();
      var northEast = bounds.getNorthEast();

      var numberOfParts = 4;

      var tileWidth = (northEast.lng() - southWest.lng()) / numberOfParts;
      var tileHeight = (northEast.lat() - southWest.lat()) / numberOfParts;
      for (var x = 0; x < numberOfParts; x++) {
        for (var y = 0; y < numberOfParts; y++) {
          var areaBounds = {
            north: southWest.lat() + (tileHeight * (y+1)),
            south: southWest.lat() + (tileHeight * y),
            east: southWest.lng() + (tileWidth * (x+1)),
            west: southWest.lng() + (tileWidth * x)
          };

          var area = new google.maps.Rectangle({
            strokeColor: '#FF0000',
            //strokeOpacity: 0.8,
            strokeWeight: 2,
            //fillColor: '#FF0000',
            //fillOpacity: 0.35,
            map: map,
            bounds: areaBounds
          });
          var centerMark = new google.maps.Marker({
          position: area.getBounds().getCenter(),
          map: map,
          title: area.getBounds().getCenter().toUrlValue(6)
          });
        }
      }
    }
  }

google.maps.event.addDomListener(window, "load", initialize);

I have tried using the map bounds code but it is not working as expected. it works only if i increase the zoom. But zoom may be different for each region.
var bounds = new google.maps.LatLngBounds();
    bounds.extend(southLatitude, eastLongitude);
    bounds.extend(northLatitude, westLongitude);
    map.fitBounds(bounds);

A: You can add the bounds of each rectangle as a property of the center marker, then use map.fitBounds to center and zoom the map to the rectangular area:
google.maps.event.addListener(centerMark, 'click', function(evt) {
  // center and zoom the map to completely show the area
  map.fitBounds(this.area);
  google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(map, 'bounds_changed', function() {
    // increase the zoom by one level to remove the padding.
    map.setZoom(map.getZoom()+1);
  })
});

proof of concept fiddle
code snippet:

function initialize() {
  var myLatlng;
  var mapOptions;

  myLatlng = new google.maps.LatLng(29.98439980, -95.34140015);

  mapOptions = {
    zoom: 10,
    center: myLatlng,
    mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP
  };

  var map = new google.maps.Map(
    document.getElementById("map-canvas"), mapOptions);

  google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(map, 'idle', function() {
    drawRectangle(map);
  });

  function drawRectangle(map) {
    var bounds = map.getBounds();
    var southWest = bounds.getSouthWest();
    var northEast = bounds.getNorthEast();

    var numberOfParts = 4;

    var tileWidth = (northEast.lng() - southWest.lng()) / numberOfParts;
    var tileHeight = (northEast.lat() - southWest.lat()) / numberOfParts;
    for (var x = 0; x < numberOfParts; x++) {
      for (var y = 0; y < numberOfParts; y++) {
        var areaBounds = {
          north: southWest.lat() + (tileHeight * (y + 1)),
          south: southWest.lat() + (tileHeight * y),
          east: southWest.lng() + (tileWidth * (x + 1)),
          west: southWest.lng() + (tileWidth * x)
        };

        var area = new google.maps.Rectangle({
          strokeColor: '#FF0000',
          //strokeOpacity: 0.8,
          strokeWeight: 2,
          //fillColor: '#FF0000',
          //fillOpacity: 0.35,
          map: map,
          bounds: areaBounds
        });
        var centerMark = new google.maps.Marker({
          position: area.getBounds().getCenter(),
          map: map,
          area: areaBounds,
          title: area.getBounds().getCenter().toUrlValue(6)
        });
        google.maps.event.addListener(centerMark, 'click', function(evt) {
          map.fitBounds(this.area);
          google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(map, 'bounds_changed', function() {
            map.setZoom(map.getZoom() + 1);
          });

        });
      }
    }
  }
}

google.maps.event.addDomListener(window, "load", initialize);
html,
body,
#map-canvas {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0px;
  padding: 0px
}


text:
Q: How to change tag values on jsp using servlet Hello I have a jsp with content like

Sample text

and so on.
Also I have a servlet, that has to handle requests and proceed response, that change jsp content (for example src in mainPicture and text in somediv).
How can I do that? Can I return some hashmap from servlet and handle it in javascript?

A: Well, I used jQuery and called there my servlet. Then I edited elements attributes with output data in that jQuery function.

A: just insert java code in jsp?
like
"<% java-code %>"
for direct output use "<%= java-code %>"
in your example:
<% String sample = "Sample teyt";
   String fileSrc = "file.jpg"; %>

<%= sample %>

<img id = "mainPicture" src = "<%= fileSrc %>" height="1024" width="600"/>

now you just need to edit the Strings in Java when you want to edit the content there


text:
https://www.myjournalcourier.com/news/article/Commissioner-vacancy-on-Tuessday-ballot-12640995.php
Commissioner vacancy on Tuessday ballot
Published 12:00 am CDT, Saturday, November 1, 2014
The Morgan County commissioner position left vacant by the death of Dick Rawlings will be decided during Tuesday's election.
Republican Ginny Fanning and Democrat Bob Large are running to fill the remaining two years of the term left vacant earlier this year.
Fanning has been filling the vacancy until the election and hopes to hold on to her seat.
Large ran against Rawlings in the 2012 election, but lost. Undeterred, Large said he hopes to take the seat in this election.
The county commissioners are responsible for county budgets and departments.
Running his business, J.B. Large and Sons, for 44 years has prepared Large for the responsibilities of the commissioners, he said. The bookkeeping skills and networking Large has developed over his time as the owner and manager of his business have helped qualify him for most of the responsibilities of the county commissioners.
"I want to use the skills that I have developed my entire adult life through my business and volunteerism to try to make a difference for my friends in Morgan County," Large said.
Fanning said her three months as commissioner, her position as the president of the Jacksonville Area Chamber of Commerce, and her previous experiences as a business owner qualify her for the responsibilities the Morgan County Commissioners.
One of Large's goals if elected is to improve support for local businesses and also act as a point of contact for the community by holding regular office hours to meet with residents to discuss their concerns.
Also, he wants to make Jacksonville more of an educational town, because of the three colleges and school districts in town.
"That will compel people to live here, " Large said. "We have the opportunity to become a bedroom community."
Large said as he was walking around, he found that many people with pets, as well as the high number of stray animals in the area. He wants to get all of the animal services including PAWS and Morgan County Animal Control, to help implement programs to help the county animals.
A new animal shelter is one of the projects Large said he wants to complete. Philip Howard, who ran Howard Cleaners, left $385,000 to the county for the building of a new shelter.
Large said he wants to talk with the community to find out what they want to see in the county, what improvements they want, and what they don't want.
"You don't hire a contractor and let him do anything he wants, you tell him what you want," Large said. "That's what I want to be."
Fanning said during her first few months as a commissioner, she focused on learning the ins and outs of the county, talking with department heads and learning about county programs.
Now, she said she wants to work to provide better communication to county residents about programs offered by different organizations.
"There are so many programs that people don't hear about that they would benefit from," Fanning said.
Also, she wants to reorganize the county's economic development committee, which was used several years ago, but has not been very active the last few years. The restructuring of this committee will allow Morgan County to qualify for grants and federal money that it hasn't had access to.
Also, she said she would like to create a municipal league for Morgan County, and area counties, that will allow cities to meet, hear lectures, and talk about funding and programming issues.
"It would allow networking between cities and counties," Fanning said. "It could lead to a pooling of resources, which would be a plus."


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text:
Canada Immigration Updates for 2020 Herald Good News for Aspirants!
January 29, 2020 Immigration Experts	Canada Immigration Visa
Over the years, Canada has consistently upheld its reputation as the world's most popular immigration destination, owing to its liberal policies, aspirational quality of life, a high-quality education system, free public healthcare infrastructure, feasible employment opportunities and a range of additional social benefits. The encouraging Canada immigration trends are expected to continue, with the introduction and implementation of various innovative policies.
If you are a skilled professional residing in Delhi, then it can be confusing to select the best Canada Immigration Consultants in Delhi as there
In order to make the immigration system more streamlined and efficient, a range of new developments are slated to unfold this year. The most prominent among these are:
2019 Annual Report on Immigration
In March, Marco Mendicino, the new Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada will present a report to parliament, which will include the immigration levels plan for 2020-22. The Minister has already indicated the goal of attracting 341,000 new permanent residents in 2020 and 350,000 in 2021. A further increase in Canada PR visa issuance numbers is predicted for 2022.
Parent and Grandparents Program (PGP) Intake Will Commence
Eligible Canadian citizens and permanent residents can sponsor their parents and grandparents for permanent residence in Canada through the PGP. By April 2020, the federal government will announce the process for intake of applications under this program. While the IRCC expects to welcome 21,000 immigrant through the PGP annually, the selection and application process will be remodeled to address the disproportionate volume of applications for the limited spaces available.
Provincial and Regional Immigration Programs Will Gain Prominence
Between 2019 and 2021, Canada will welcome 67,800 new permanent residents through the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) – an 11% increase over 2019 figures. The PNPs are attempting to direct immigrants beyond major cities and municipalities, where around 80% of immigrants are concentrated in most provinces and territories. To promote economic growth of small communities and rural areas, the federal government launched the Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot, and some local governments have formulated regional PNP streams. More than 4,000 immigrants have already entered Canada through the Atlantic Immigration Pilot, which is set to become a permanent program. The launch of a new Municipal Nominee Program is also on the agenda. Selection powers for economic class immigration are evenly split between the federal government and Canada's provinces, territories and communities. This policy of 'regionalization' will ensure a more prominent presence of immigrants in areas where their skills and expertise is necessary to sustain local industries.
Citizenship Fee Waiver
Mendicino had proposed the abolishment of citizenship fee in his mandate letter. Currently, adults must pay $630 CAD to apply for citizenship. If the fees is waived, citizenship rates may rise by roughly 40% by 2024.
In 2020, the Canada immigration landscape will witness new reforms at the federal level and within provinces, including Quebec. External factors such as possible changes to Britain and USA's immigration policies, as well as global economic and socio-cultural phenomena, will also have an impact on immigrant inflow to Canada. As we gear up for an eventful year ahead, we encourage you to seek reliable consultation and support from a team of seasoned experts, who are keen and able to assist your pursuit of relocating overseas.
Leave a comment	Atlantic Immigration Pilot, Canada Immigration, Canada PNP, Canada PR Visa, Provincial Nominee Program


text:
The Cornell Daily Sun (https://cornellsun.com/2015/11/06/jeff-kubiak-scores-last-minutes-goal-to-propel-cornell-mens-hockey-past-princeton/)
Jeff Kubiak Scores Last-Minute Goal to Propel Cornell Men's Hockey Past Princeton
By The Cornell Daily Sun | November 6, 2015
More on Sports
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By TROY BRIDSON
After blowing a two-goal lead, the Cornell men's hockey team (3-0, 1-0 ECAC) needed a player to step up in the waning minutes of the third period. With under a minute to play, junior center Jeff Kubiak came streaking down the left side of the ice and fired a shot into the top right corner of the net, giving Cornell the decisive go-ahead goal to beat Princeton (1-2, 0-1 ECAC), 4-3.
"I was coming back to the middle of the zone and [the puck] just kind of popped out in the middle of the ice," said Kubiak. "I grabbed it and fired one on net. I just heard the crowd yell and it was nice to see it go in."
Cornell came out fast in the early minutes of the first period. After a flurry of shots from Cornell, the Red went on the power play. But a strong Princeton penalty neutralized the threat.
The Red won 16 out of 21 faceoffs in the first period, with junior center Jake Weidner winning 9 faceoffs in the first period alone. He finished with 21 won faceoffs, tying Princeton's team total.
Nonetheless, towards the end of the first period, Cornell's defense began to break down and junior goalie Mitch Gillam had to make several key saves to prevent Princeton from taking the lead.
"Our defense was panicked with the puck at different times and didn't make poised plays," said head coach Mike Schafer '86.
With less than three minutes to play in the first period, freshman left wing Mitch Vanderlaan broke away from a defender and darted towards Princeton goalie Colton Phinney, eventually poking the puck into the net. After a replay review, the officials determined that the whistle had been blown before Vanderlaan snuck the puck into the back of the net.
Princeton continued to pose problems for the Cornell defense in the opening minutes of the second period. Cornell came out slow and confused defensively. Freshman center Max Veronneau made Cornell pay, giving Princeton the 1-0 lead early in the second.
Schafer was frustrated with the sluggish play of his team.
"Very happy for the win. But I'm disappointed with the way we played," Schafer said. "A certain group of guys played very well tonight and a certain group of guys didn't play well at all."
Schafer noted that the team will learn from their mistakes and hopefully make the needed adjustments before squaring off against No. 5 Quinnipiac.
"As a team we are going to survive by all of us playing well together," Schafer said.
But the Red turned it around and answered shortly after the Princeton goal with a goal from freshman Beau Starrett. The goal ignited the Red offense, as Cornell began firing shot after shot at the Princeton net.
"[Freshman defenseman Alec] McCrea sent [the puck] up to [junior center Eric] Freschi and he entered the zone with good poise and then brought it to the net," Starrett said. "That's what we've been stressing all year, just getting to the net, getting to the crease, and then just hacking away."
Starrett's goal jumpstarted the Cornell offense.
"We were down one to nothing at that point and we just needed something to add fuel to the fire and get us going," Starrett said.
Freshman right wing Anthony Angello added two electric goals for the Red to break open a 3-1 Cornell lead midway through the second period. On his second goal, Angello flew down the center of the ice and slammed his stick down, calling for the puck after he found space in front of the net. Junior center Jeff Kubiak made a brilliant pass to Angello, who ripped a shot past Phinney.
Angello credited his success to his cohesive play with line mates Jeff Kubiak and Mitch Vanderlaan.
"From a chemistry standpoint we've been playing really well and we want to keep it going," Angello said.
Princeton called a timeout after Angello's two goals and made some adjustments defensively. Veronneau scored again for Princeton before the end of the second period to cut the Princeton deficit to one goal.
Things got chippy late in the second period, with both teams heading to the penalty box numerous times. A minute of four on four play led to numerous chances for both teams, but Both Gillam and Phinney made key saves.
In the opening minutes of the third period, Princeton center Ben Foster scored to tie the game at 3-3. Shortly thereafter, Cornell was knocking on the door on a power play, but Phinney was outstanding.
Princeton then went on the power play twice at the end of the third period. A puck dribbled along the goal line and Gillam stretched out to make the save.
The gridlock was cut by Kubiak, whose goal fired up the whole team and cemented a Cornell victory in a tightly contested, back and forth matchup with Princeton.
Penalties on Penalties on Penalties: Lack of Discipline Plays Major Role in Cornell Men's Hockey Loss to Quinnipiac
By The Cornell Daily Sun November 7, 2015
By JOON LEE
The Lynah crowd roared as freshman center Mitch Vanderlaan took the rebound of a shot from freshman wing Anthony Angello, scooped up the puck and promptly backhanded the puck top shelf past Quinnipiac goalie Michael Garteig. The score was 4-1 halfway through the second period and it looked as if the Red was going to put together a statement victory against the No.
Freshman Anthony Angello Continues To Shine With Two-Goal Performance
By JACK KANTOR
Freshman Beau Starrett jammed in an equalizer goal as the Cornell men's hockey team fell a goal behind the Princeton Tigers in the second period of Friday's contest. A minute and a half later, red-hot freshman Anthony Angello sent a laser to the bottom left corner of Princeton's net to propel Cornell ahead of the Tigers en route to a 4-3 victory.


text:
UNESCO Heritage Sites »
The Nazca Lines
Staff writer Discover Peru user
The Nazca Lines are an exceptional collection of geoglyphs in the southern desert of Peru. There are about 300 figures among them including geometric shapes, animal like figures, straight continuous lines, humans and plants. The exceptionality of these geoglyphs rest in the fact that they can only be seen from the air.
The Inca civilization was the largest Pre-Columbian civilization in the Americas and Cusco was its capital. The best kept example of its architecture is Machu Picchu.
The Sacred City is one of the most significant archeological sites left by the Incas
Fascinating culture and Inca heritage of this beautiful country
Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world. It occupies an important place in Inca mythology.
Animals in Peru have specialized and adapted to the conditions of its geography. At higher altitude levels, few animals and plants can survive because of the lack of oxygen.
Articles tagged with: fish
Food in Peru
Peruvian cuisine varies depending on where you are. Due to Peru's ecological and climatic diversity the variety and supply of fresh produce is plentiful, there are many native Peruvian crops such as quinoa potato, kiwicha, cacao and beans. Peruvian cuisine has been influenced by a variety of cultures brought by the arrival of immigrants from Spain, Africa, Italy, Japan and China. One of the most influential immigrant community is the Chinese who produced one of the most popular Peruvian gastronomical creations, Chifa. Chifa is a fusion of Chinese food adapted to local ingredients and accompanied by a local cola drink, Inka Cola.
Facts about the Amazon River


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LAPD Officer Randy Simmons was killed in the line of duty this morning.
This tribute to him first appeared on the LA Daily News Friendly Fire Blog.
That was barely 10 days ago, No one in that room at the Police Academy, no matter how tactically cynical, could anticipate that less than two weeks later, Simmons would be the first man from the Metropolitan Divisions D Platoon, as SWAT is officially known, to die in a gun fight.
My latest OpEd in the Los Angeles Times has been published this morning. Published as an "Outside the Tent" piece, it covers the long littany of the Times' biased reporting against the LAPD. This piece required a lot of professionalism from the Times' Nick Goldberg, who very fairly editted the piece with an eye to accuracy. "I don't want to have to publish a correction on a piece like this," he said more than once. As it should be with any piece. Nick's edits made it a stronger work.
In its most recent editorial about the May Day demonstrations at MacArthur Park, The Times again showed its historic disregard for facts and history in its coverage of the Los Angeles Police Department and in its slavish devotion to the concept of police "reform," regardless of cost, consequences or wisdom.
The editorial, published in response to the Oct. 9 release of the LAPD's report on the MacArthur Park disturbance, described the scene at the park as "chaos" resulting from "missteps" by the department.
How did this terrible situation come to pass? Well, the editorial noted, among other things, that training "seems to have lapsed perilously -- the Metropolitan Division's basic training course was cut in 2005." It also described Chief William Bratton's ongoing struggles with the department's "cultural and institutional defects" connected to this lapse.
Yet, astonishingly, the paper failed to point out that it was Bratton's own decision to eliminate that training. Instead, the editorial praised the chief's "deserved" second term and his "impressive response" to the events of May 1. It seems that publicly condemning your subordinates for problems you helped cause impresses The Times.
Sadly, this intellectual dissonance is true to form. Looking back at The Times' coverage of the LAPD, it's easy to see decades of factual omissions, routine second-guessing of police officers and a consistent support of activist agendas.
What If The Activists Lied?
ANTI-POLICE BRUTALITY: What if everything the activists said was a lie?
LAST week on Santa Monica Boulevard in Hollywood, two LAPD officers chased a theft suspect before tackling and wrestling him to the ground. When dust settled, crime-scene tape cordoned the area as detectives scoured for evidence.
Their investigation was unrelated to the theft. The alleged thief wasn't even the suspect. Rather, their focus was Officer Ivana Gallegos, who, for all intents and purposes, is the suspect in an assault. The possible crime: During the struggle, Gallegos' radio struck the suspect's head. Accidentally.
Why did this innocuous incident require such fanfare? Why was this cop treated like a criminal? Short answer: The federal consent decree.
When The Last Hero Leaves LA... Will Anybody Notice?
Graciously Posted on Patterico's blog.
Despite the tenor of news reports surrounding last week's violence in MacArthur Park, many officers in the Los Angeles Police Department are valorous and dedicated. In fact, this morning, 17 current police officers will receive the LAPD Medal of Valor. Notably, three of them now serve in other communities.
In fact, according to the L.A. Police Protective League, fully 60% of LAPD officers have been with the department less than five years. At that rate, almost the entire department could have been replaced twice since the 1992 riots. Notably, officers who leave the LAPD in their first five years have to repay the City for their academy training.
If you want to understand why the LAPD can't retain officers, don't look to the Los Angeles Times. The story below was first told to five of their top staff writers. Each deemed it interesting, but none reported it. In fact, this very column was presented to their OpEd section, and was rejected because a vaguely similar piece ran last year, addressing a less compelling set of facts. Apparently, only limited space is allotted to critical local issues in Los Angeles's newspaper of record.
So, instead of looking to the Times, look to two other certified heroes: officers Troy Zeeman and Bryan Gregson. Last November, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger presented them with California Medals of Valor, for engaging a suspected killer in a running gunfight through a South L.A. apartment building.
The LAPD, by contrast, ruled them tactically deficient, worthy only of retraining.
If that's confusing to you, it wasn't to Zeeman and Gregson. They'd both spent a decade in the LAPD hall of mirrors.
But to get the details, you'd have to drive to Newport Beach. That's where both cops moved months after the shooting.