text:
Q: Holt Winters forecast First of all sorry for the questions that can be basics but I am very new in the field of forecasting. I am currently working on a problem where I have a time Serie of datas sampled each seconds for 4 days. (86400*4=345600 points).
The blue curve in the graph below presents one day of datas but the same pattern repeats every day.
By doing decompose on R, it appears that I have a seasonality for every day and one for every 30min (you might guess it in the graph)

Question 1 : Which frequency should I choose. The daily one or the 30min ? I would intuitively choose the 30min one but when I do in R
HoltWinters(timeseries), it seems that I have better results with a higher frequency.
Question 2 : I tried with ARIMA but, as I understood, it seems that I have too many datas (or to big seasonality). Is it correct ?
Question 3 : When I try to plot the forecasted values (for the next day or the next 30min) there are not very accurate although the plot from HoltWinters(timeserie) seems very good (SSE is low)
Do not hesitate if you have any questions or need more precisions.
Thanks by advance.
Jerome

A: *

*Which frequency you should work with should mainly be governed by what you need the forecast for. If you only need daily forecasts, go with the daily data. (You won't get much more than a flat mean forecast with only four data points.) If you need sub-daily forecasts, calculate forecasts using that data.
Then again, you may get better forecasts by working with other frequencies. For instance, calculating forecasts on higher frequencies (30 min), then aggregating the forecasts may yield better daily forecasts. One possible framework to integrate forecasts on multiple time granularities is the MAPA algorithm by Kourentzes, Petropoulos and Trapero.

*This is hard to answer. R happily fitted my toy data with four days of half-hourly observations:
 require(forecast)
 set.seed(1)

 foo <- ts(rnorm(4*48),frequency=48)
 auto.arima(foo)

*"Not very accurate" is again hard to parse. Some time series simply exhibit inherent variability that cannot be well forecasted. We can't really say more without more information.
Do not judge possible forecasting accuracy by your in-sample fit. The in-sample fit can be very good through overfitting, although the out-of-sample accuracy is bad.
I'd recommend looking at different ways of forecasting your data - ARIMA, Exponential Smoothing, a naive seasonal forecast, possibly MAPA. This will give you an idea as to how forecastable your data really are.
And no forecasting post of mine would be complete without a recommendation for this great free online forecasting textbook.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Startups E-Commerce People
Exclusive: Zivame appoints new CEO as Shaleen Sinha leaves lingerie e-tailer
Dearton Thomas Hector	9 May, 2018
Online lingerie retailer Zivame has appointed Amisha Jain as its new chief executive officer (CEO), the company said in an email to TechCircle.
Jain will replace Shaleen Sinha, who was CEO until April this year and is now to learnt to have left the firm altogether.
Sinha had been in the role for a little over a year since taking over from Zivame founder Richa Kar last March.
Amisha Jain, Zivame's new chief executive, previously served as CEO at apparel firm Arvind Sports Lifestyle and as head of the digital centre of excellence at the Arvind Group.
She had earlier been the India sales head for US-based footwear giant Nike.
Jain holds an MBA from INSEAD and completed a master's degree in electrical engineering from The University of Texas at Arlington.
"Zivame is a revolutionary brand that has transformed the face of the Indian lingerie market with a differentiated product portfolio," Jain said in an emailed statement. "I am excited to be part of the Zivame story and look forward to building on our innovation-led, consumer centric strategy to bring greater value to our consumers and stakeholders."
Sinha, Jain's predecessor, had been appointed as chief operating officer in 2015. Before that, he was a senior executive at the Aditya Birla Group, where he led consumer franchises spanning Idea, More, Madura and Pantaloons.
Zivame, which is run by Bengaluru-based Actoserba Active Wholesale Pvt. Ltd, was founded in 2011 by Kar who previously worked with German software firm SAP.
Zivame is the most funded player in the lingerie e-tailing segment, having raised more than $50 million till date.
It is facing tough competition from Clovia which is fast catching up, in terms of revenues.
Last year, Zivame recorded a first-ever dip in revenue since its launch in 2011. In the financial year 2016-17, Zivame recorded net sales of Rs 52.9 crore, down about 15% from Rs 62.6 crore in the previous fiscal.
Zivame posted a loss of Rs 57.6 crore for 2016-17, wider than Rs 54.1 crore in the year before that.
Zivame Lingerie e-tailer ecommerce Richa Kar Shaleen Sinha

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Have there been times when you are at the end of your rope with no motivation to live life as Christ would want? Listen to Pastor Mike Davis as he shares how Christians are to "Press On" in such situations.
Why does God delay His coming? Listen as Pastor Mike Davis shares how God's patience always has a purpose in our lives.
Many people have the idea that total freedom would be a life without rules, being able to do whatever you would like to do. It is true that one could live this way but would it lead to joy? Listen as Pastor Mike Davis shares that a life that leads to lasting joy only happens when your freedom has God's boundaries.
That horrible day when Christ died was a day that fulfilled prophecy. It was done for a purpose. There are practical things that Christ also taught about our suffering. Listen as Pastor Mike Davis gives a devotional about our need to suffer with purpose.


The signature style fringe and white color of this genuine leather jacket is an instant attention grabber. It comes with a timeless style of spread collar and decorative seams while the button closure emanates a bit of attitude pair it with your favorite jeans to complete the look.
Material: 100% High Quality Real leather lined with soft viscose.
Fit: Regular fit with enough space for a top/shirt.
I'm not very picky about real or faux leather; I didn't even bother knowing the difference. However, this is the first Genuine Leather Jacket I ever bought and realized why it is so widely discussed. It feels so soft and comfortable, unlike the other plastic jacket I own.
It's very well made - a solid mid-weight jacket, quality construction, feels supple and thick.
As for the fit, I got an XL, and it fits just fine (I am 5'9" 175lbs slightly overweight). Typically I wear a large, but I wanted a more relaxed fit. This XL fits pretty much the way I wanted it to - has room for multiple layers, but is not baggy. Sleeve & body length are okay. I typically wear this with a hoodie underneath, so the fit looks spot on.
Style-wise, this jacket looks exactly as the image displayed, if you like it here, you'll surely love it in real, if you don't like it In the picture no point ordering.
The Jacket came nicely wrapped in a plastic cover, and it was not messed up or wrinkled when received. I bought this as a gift for a college friend, so I'm not sure if the jacket is true to size. I ordered a medium for her, and she looked very happy with it, I haven't seen her wearing it yet.
The jacket is beautiful and seems well-made. It's warmer than I expected and it handled a 30-degree temperature at night and didn't need an overcoat. I usually wear an L and prefer to keep it open, but if I wanted it closed, it would have been slightly tight. There's plenty of room for the arm thought. I would recommend it as long as you size up.
I love this jacket; I wish it came in black too; the material fit and quality is impressive. Is there any chance I can order in black? Please help.
I ADORE THIS JACKET. It is gorgeous. True to the size, does not run large or small. Heavy warm and buttery soft. Real leather as mentioned look FANTASTIC. Incredible price for the quality too. Thanks, Angeljackets!
I purchased this as a birthday gift for my mom. It is exactly like in the picture. It fits her nicely, and the price was very reasonable. I've seen these same jackets run for over 600 bucks and was able to get this jacket for 169. Super delighted with this stuff, would love to purchase from this company again.
Oh my!!! This jacket is amazing!! I ordered it after reading all the amazing reviews. I would say that it's true to size, I am usually XS in leather jackets (5-3", 124lbs, 32 busts) but because I wanted something slim and elegant I went with the Small and it fits perfectly.
This jacket appears to be an ideal cowgirl and vintage style and will look great with a skirt, jeans, and dresses for years to come. The leather has a real vintage appeal and is super soft and flexible. I was surprised at the price because I paid less than $169 for a jacket that's supposed to be more than $500.
I love this jacket! It is relatively lightweight and really soft. The fit is as expected. I paired it over jeans, but you could honestly pair it with anything you like. The only complaint I have is that the fringes get tangled when they blow in the wind. Overall, it's really stylish and high quality!
Hugs my waist and gives me a curvy look I wanted, The While color looks magnificent as well.
This is a great jacket fantastic quality. Real leather as they say. It's tailored which I love. I'm 5'7 158 lbs 36c, and I normally wear a medium, but a large fits perfect. Hope this review helps you. Buy it you won't regret.


text:
In contrast to the drama and violence of the past year, the end of Burgoyne's 1777 Campaign was pensive—and a little jubilant.
Surrender of Burgoyne by John Trumbull. Courtesy of Architect of the Capitol.
About noon, Burgoyne and his Generals crossed Fish Creek and passed the ruins of the Schuyler House, which Burgoyne had burned a week earlier. He continued about a half-mile south to a hilltop overlooking the Hudson, where Rebel General Horatio Gates awaited Burgoyne's arrival. There the two gentlemen met. Burgoyne was following a tradition of surrendering by turning over his sword in ceremonial fashion. Burgoyne told Gates, "The fortunes of war have made me your prisoner," as he handed over his sword. Gates held onto the sword for a short while then returned it to Burgoyne, responding, "I shall always be ready to testify that it was through no fault of your Excellency."The high officers of both armies then joined together for a meal in Gates' tent. They sat together at a table made by laying boards across barrels and were served a modest four-course meal. They ate and drank in good humor, Burgoyne supposedly even raising a toast to George Washington at one point. Baroness Riedesel was surprised at how jubilant Burgoyne was acting. The Baroness and her children were invited to dine with a stranger who turned out to be General Philip Schuyler. He had arrived to tend to the reconstruction of his summer home when he came upon the lady. It was during this dinner the Baron and Baroness Riedesel together with Burgoyne were invited to stay at the Schuyler Mansion in Albany.
At the south corner of Schuyler Street and Route 4, in the Town of Saratoga, the Saratoga Sword Surrender Site looks much now as it did back then when Burgoyne gave his sword to Gates. This iconic moment is memorialized in John Trumbull's 1821 masterpiece painting, Surrender of General Burgoyne, which hangs in the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. A 6' by 4' bronze bas relief of Trumbull's painting is the centerpiece of the site.
Development of this site is ongoing, learn more at http://friendsofsaratogabattlefield.org/.
You'll be heading back south on Route 4 to see this site.
CLICK TO ADVANCE PAGE TO EPILOGUE
Baroness Riedesel dines with Rebel General Philip Schuyler.
At last, my husband sent to me a groom with a message that I should come to him with our children. I, therefore, again seated myself in my dear calash; and, in the passage through the American camp, I observed, with great satisfaction, that no one cast at us scornful glances. On the contrary, they all greeted me, even showing compassion on their countenances at seeing a mother with her little children in such a situation. I confess that I feared to come into the enemy's camp, as the thing was so entirely new to me. When I approached the tents, a noble looking man came toward me, took the children out of the wagon, embraced and kissed them, and then with tears in his eyes helped me also to alight. "You tremble," said he to me, " fear nothing." "No," replied I, "for you are so kind, and have been so tender toward my children, that it has inspired me with courage." He then led me to the tent of General Gates, with whom I found Generals Burgoyne and Phillips, who were upon an extremely friendly footing with him. Burgoyne said to me, " You may now dismiss all your apprehensions, for your sufferings are at an end." I answered him, that I should certainly be acting very wrongly to have any more anxiety, when our chief had none, and especially when I saw him on such a friendly footing with General Gates. All the generals remained to dine with General Gates. The man, who had received me so kindly, came up and said to me, " It may be embarrassing to you to dine with all these gentlemen; come now with your children into my tent, where I will give you, it is true, a frugal meal, but one that will be accompanied by the best of wishes." "You are certainly," answered I, "a husband and a father, since you show me so much kindness." I then learned that he was the American General Schuyler. He entertained me with excellent smoked tongue, beef-steaks, potatoes, good butter and bread. Never have I eaten a better meal. I was content. I saw that all around me were so likewise; but that which rejoiced me more than every thing else was, that my husband was out of all danger. As soon as we had finished dinner, he invited me to take up my residence at his house, which was situated in Albany, and told me that General Burgoyne would, also, be there. I sent and asked my husband what I should do. He sent me word to accept the invitation; and as it was two days' journey from where we were, and already five o'clock in the afternoon, he advised me to set out in advance, and to stay over night at a place distant about three hours' ride. General Schuyler was so obliging as to send with me a French officer, who was a very agreeable man, and commanded those troops who composed the reconnoitering party of which I have before made mention. As soon as he had escorted me to the house where we were to remain, he went back.
– Memoir of Baroness Riedesel


Here at EverTrue our mission is to build relationships in pursuit of a better world. Since 2010, we have been empowering fundraising teams with intuitive web and mobile software. Today, 350+ nonprofit institutions rely on EverTrue to identify, prioritize, and manage their prospects with the goal of increasing engagement and raising more money. EverTrue continues to help our customers "think outside their database" and recognize fundraising ROI. We are lucky enough to have hundreds of great customers with whom we are collaborating with on a regular basis to build the future of nonprofit fundraising.
As a Product Designer at a well established startup, you will have the opportunity to play a key role on our product team. Our designers are involved in every aspect of the product development process, from brainstorming and researching product initiatives, to tweaking pixels right before launch, to testing and gathering feedback from customers. Here's your chance to develop a wide range of product design skills alongside a talented team.
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text:
Q: stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString giving strange error For some reason, this is giving me an error.
swearWordPair is defined as a [String]. For example
["Hello", "Hi"]
let swearWordsAndReplacements : [[String]] = [["anus", "butt"], ["arse", "butt"]]
The error this gives me is
Cannot invoke 'stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString' with an argument list of type '(String, withString: String, options: NSStringCompareOptions, range: NSRange)

However, I looked up the parameters for this function and it seems all my parameters are right. Is this a swift bug?
var string = insult
for swearWordPair in swearWordsAndReplacements {
    string = string.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(swearWordPair[0],
        withString: swearWordPair[1],
        options: NSStringCompareOptions.CaseInsensitiveSearch,
        range: NSMakeRange(0, count(string)))
}

A: The Range is not an NSRange, but a Swift range.  In this case, you can pass nil to represent the entire String:
string = string.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(swearWordPair[0],
    withString: swearWordPair[1],
    options: .CaseInsensitiveSearch,
    range: nil)

If you wanted to limit the range, you can create a Range<String.Index> like this:
var string = "I laid my head at the head of the bed"

// Only replace within the first 15 characters
let myrange = string.startIndex ..< advance(string.startIndex, 15)

string = string.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString("head",
    withString: "blanket",
    options: .CaseInsensitiveSearch,
    range: myrange)

println(string)

Output:

I laid my blanket at the head of the bed


text:
Saginaw and Bay City News
Gladwin County now included in emergency declaration as homeowners begin cleanup
Gladwin County added late to Gov. Whitmer's emergency declaration
By Kaitlyn Farley | kfarley@mlive.com
GLADWIN, MI – After devastating flooding hit the central Lower Peninsula, Kris Rogers and her husband Greg were forced to evacuate their dream lake house. The Rogers live on Wixom Lake, near the border of Midland and Gladwin counties.
They and their neighbors were asked to evacuate their homes Monday, May 18, due to flood potential. As they fled the area, the Rogers' home was overtaken by standing water after record-setting flooding poured into Gladwin County.
"We're on Wixom Lake. We found out the Secord and Sanford Dams failed, meaning they didn't break but couldn't hold back the water. There was fear of an imminent break," Kris Rogers said.
The Rogers returned to their home Thursday, May 21, to find 2.5 feet of water in their garage and around 10 inches of water in the rest of their house. They will have to replace drywall, floors and most of their possessions.
"Our insurance won't cover any of the damage," she said. "We're not getting anything out of this. This is the worst feeling in the world."
Initially, Gladwin was not part of the state's emergency declaration. It was added on Friday, making the county eligible for federal disaster relief.
Sharron Smith, chairwoman of the Gladwin County Board of Commissioners, said Gladwin County declared a county emergency Monday night. The county then put in a request Wednesday to be included in the declaration.
"The governor signed the request that we had put in on (Friday) for us to be declared a disaster and eligible for the funding," Smith said. "She forwarded that to President Trump, but his signature (Thursday) covered central Michigan, so they don't think we needed a secondary one for us, after all."
While Gladwin County will see federal aid coming to the area, the Rogers say they weren't able to buy flood insurance to cover their losses.
Kris Rogers said they were told that FEMA does not consider Gladwin County a flood zone, so she would not have to purchase flood insurance for her home.
"When my husband called our insurance after the recent floods, we were told flood insurance isn't offered in our area," she said.
While the Rogers are grateful their home is salvageable, unlike many just a few miles on the other side of the Gladwin-Midland border, they are still uncertain how they will pay for the damage.
"We do feel fortunate we are still safe and that a good portion of our house is still intact, but we still have to replace a lot of the floor and dry wall," Kris Rogers said. "It's a little overwhelming to think we may not be able to be in our lake house for months. We spent a lot of money making this place a home."
She and her husband will be staying with Kris's sister as the house is being repaired, although they are unsure how long they will be displaced for.
"We won't have a lake for a year or two," Kris Rogers said. "My husband and I are both going on 60, and it was our dream to have a lake house. Now we don't have a house or a lake."
'We lost our whole town:' Sanford salvages what's left after flood destroys homes and businesses
Midland community pulls together as floodwaters recede, recovery begins
President Trump approves emergency declaration in wake of mid-Michigan flooding
Midland announces sewage issues for some residents and guidelines for returning home
It doesn't look good, but Sanford Dam is actually still standing with some of berm washed away
Saginaw River reaches peak in Bay City without major flooding issues
Failed dam owner fought with state over Wixom Lake levels before flood
Flooding in Michigan: Everything we know about Midland County dam break


text:
Mjlst.umn.edu
15 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. __ (forthcoming 2013) ACTAVIS, THE REVERSE PAYMENT FALLACY, AND THE
CONTINUING NEED FOR REGULATORY SOLUTIONS
Daniel A. Crane*
The Supreme Court's decision in FTC v. Actavis, Inc.1 provided an incomplete and unsatisfying response to the issue that has provoked far more antitrust scholarship than any other in the past decade—patent settlements between branded and generic drug companies where the branded makes a "reverse payment" to the generic to stay off the market for some period of time before the expiration of the branded's patent. In brief, Justice Breyer's majority opinion rejected the Eleventh Circuit's standard under which settlements within the patent's exclusionary potential were presumed lawful.2 It also rejected more draconian rules, like the per se illegal rule adopted by the Sixth Circuit3 and the quick-look approach urged by the FTC.4 It opted instead for a rule of reason analysis, where the defendant is free to show that the reverse payment is a "rough approximation of the litigation expenses saved through the settlement," that the "payment may reflect compensation for other services that the generic has promised to perform," or that the settlement was motivated by other competitively benign considerations.5 The Actavis decision punted more than it decided. Although narrowing the range of possible outcomes by rejecting the legal rules at the extremes and opting for a rule of reason middle ground, the opinion failed to grapple with the most challenging issues of regulatory policy raised by pharmaceutical patent settlements. In particular, it failed to clearly delineate the social costs of permitting and disallowing patent settlements, avoided grappling with the crucial issues of patent validity and infringement, and erroneously focused on "reverse payments" as a distinctive antitrust problem when equally or more anticompetitive settlements can be crafted without reverse payments. Although Actavis is a frustrating opinion, it is perhaps too much to expect judges to solve the patent settlements challenge. As we enter the post-Actavis phase of antitrust litigation over branded-generic settlements, it will become increasingly clear that a comprehensive regulatory solution is needed. 1. The Social Costs of Patent Settlements
For all of the complexity around the patent settlements issue, a foundational observation regarding the social costs of patent settlements is quite clear—making it all the more frustrating that it is so frequently ignored. When a pioneer drug company sues a generic entrant for patent infringement, there is some probability, x, that the pioneer company will win and obtain an * Associate Dean for Faculty and Research and Frederick Paul Furth, Sr. Professor of Law, University of Michigan. 1 133 S. Ct. 2223 (2013). 2 In addition to the Circuit Court opinion in FTC v. Watson Pharms., Inc., 677 F.3d 1298 (11th Cir. 2012), rev'd sub nom. FTC v. Actavis, Inc., 133 S. Ct. 2223 (2013), the Eleventh Circuit had followed this rule in Schering-Plough Corp. v. FTC, 402 F.3d 1056, 1066 (11th Cir. 2005) and Valley Drug Co. v. Geneva Pharms., Inc., 344 F.3d 1294, 1304 (11th Cir. 2003). 3 In re Cardizem CD Antitrust Litig., 332 F.3d 896, 909 (6th Cir. 2003). 4 Actavis, 133 S. Ct. at 2237 (2013). 5 Id. at 2236. 15 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. __ (forthcoming 2013) injunction keeping the generic product off the market until the expiration of the patent.6 (We can slightly complicate the analysis by adding that a successful suit by the pioneer may set a precedent that discourages other generics from the market too).7 1 – x renders the remaining probability, y, the chance that the pioneer company will lose the lawsuit and that the generic product will enter before the patent expires.8 If the generic product is forced to stay off the market until the patent expires, the pioneer will be able to charge a supracompetitive price, yielding a social loss of p, which consists of just deadweight losses or deadweight losses plus wealth transfers, depending on one's denominational persuasion.9 The social cost of patent settlements involving delayed generic entry is yp, or the probability that (but for the settlement) the generic would have entered times the monopoly overcharge costs to society. The immediate implication of this bivariate social cost formula is that one cannot assess the social costs of patent settlements without some understanding of the probability of generic entry absent the settlement. The Actavis majority dismissed the need to understand the strength of the patent invalidity or non-infringement defenses of the generic,10 relying instead on evidence of what the economics of the settlement might reveal about the branded firm's intent.11 But, unlike the probability of generic entry, the branded firm's intent with respect to the settlement is not a direct input into the social cost equation. Indeed, it would only be relevant at all if it revealed the pioneer's implicit understanding of y. To be sure, the economics of the settlement may reveal something about the pioneer's implicit understanding of y, but probably less than the majority believed and certainly less than a direct assessment of y. In focusing on the subjective motivation for the settlement, the Actavis majority appeared to suggest that any motivation by the pioneer to eliminate y is inherently anticompetitive and damning—what Learned Hand referred to in Alcoa as "caput lupinum" (the head of a wolf).12 This is an odd assumption and one at odds with the ordinary operation of the rule of reason. The motivation to suppress competition is often a small piece of many business arrangements that easily satisfy the rule of reason. Take, for example, the classic rule of reason case—Mitchel v. Reynolds—which involved a bakehouse lease with a covenant not to compete in the same parish for five years.13 It is certainly conceivable that, absent the lease, the lessor and lessee would have entered into competition within the relevant geographic market. Each may have had some incentive to agree to the lease in order to eliminate that possibility. But any elimination of y in that case was swamped by the procompetitive effects of the deal—that the lessee was apparently in a better 6 See Mark A. Lemley & Carl Shapiro, Probabilistic Patents, 19 J. ECON. PERSP. 75, 91 (2005). 7 Cf. id. (assuming for purposes of the article's analysis that no other potential generic entrants exist). 8 See id. 9 See id. at 83 ("[W]hen patents are improperly issued for rights that are not novel, or are 'obvious,' the public suffers without justification by paying supracompetitive prices."). 10 Actavis, 133 S. Ct. at 2236 (holding that "it is normally not necessary to litigate patent validity to answer the antitrust question"). 11 Id. at 2237 ("Although the parties may have reasons to prefer settlements that include reverse payments, the relevant antitrust question is: What are those reasons?"). 12 United States v. Aluminum Co. of Am., 148 F.2d 416, 426 (2d Cir. 1945) ("[F]or not all that even a monopolist may earn is caput lupinum."). 13 Mitchel v. Reynolds, (1711) 24 Eng. Rep. 347 (B.R.) 347; 1 P. Wms. 181, 181. 15 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. __ (forthcoming 2013) position to exploit the bakehouse assets than the lessor. These efficiencies could not have been realized if the lessor had been able to re-capture some of the bakery's goodwill by opening a nearby competitive facility. Oddly, Actavis seemed to suggest that any residual trace of insurance against y in a complex settlement agreement renders the settlement anticompetitive as a whole. This approach ignores that yp may be considerably smaller than the procompetitive benefits of a settlement. As is well documented in the literature, these include not only the elimination of direct litigation costs, as the majority assumed,14 but many others. Indirect litigation costs often exceed attorney's and expert witness fees.15 The early elimination of uncertainty around generic entry can allow for better planning by both pioneers and generics, and invention around the patent.16 The settlement option increases the generic's flexibility in challenging the brand's patent and hence decreases the costs of generic challenges.17 Many settlements allow for entry years before the expiration of the patent, a possibility that would be eliminated by the pioneer's victory in the patent litigation.18 In ordinary rule of reason analysis, one would analyze and weigh these factors against yp, something the Actavis majority seemed reluctant to permit. 2. Concentrating on the Direction of Payment
Like some courts and commentators before, the Actavis majority saw something unnatural and inherently suspect in reverse payments, observing that the reverse payment "form of settlement is unusual."19 But, as has been observed on many occasions, the reverse payment form is a byproduct of the Hatch-Waxman Act's regulatory framework.20 Because of the Hatch-Waxman Act's automatic thirty-month stay of the generic's right to enter the market and the branded firm's obligation to file a patent challenge within forty-five days of a generic company's ANDA filing,21 the patent litigation usually unfolds in a time period when the generic product will not yet be on the market. Indeed, even if the Hatch-Waxman Act's automatic stay has lifted because of the expiration of the thirty months or the denial of a preliminary injunction, the generic may be reluctant to enter the market because of the asymmetry between the damages the 14 Actavis, 133 S. Ct. at 2236. 15 See Daniel A. Crane, Exit Payments in Settlement of Patent Infringement Lawsuits: Antitrust Rules and Economic Implications, 54 FLA. L. REV. 747, 757–58 (2002). 16 Id. at 762–63. 17 In re Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Antitrust Litig., 261 F. Supp. 2d 188, 256 (E.D.N.Y. 2003) (citing expert declaration of Dr. Jerry Hausman for proposition that "[t]o maximize these incentives [for generics to challenge branded patents], a generic company should be permitted to choose not only when to commence patent litigation, but also when to terminate it" (citation omitted)). 18 See Michael A. Carrier, Provigil: A Case Study of Anticompetitive Behavior, 3 HAST. SCI. & TECH. L.J. 441, 442–44 (2011) (discussing early entry provisions in Provigil case). 19 FTC v. Actavis, Inc., 133 S. Ct. 2223, 2231 (2013). See also id. at 2233 ("In the traditional examples cited above, a party with a claim (or counterclaim) for damages receives a sum equal to or less than the value of its claim. In reverse payment settlements, in contrast, a party with no claim for damages (something that is usually true of a paragraph IV litigation defendant) walks away with money simply so it will stay away from the patentee's market."). 20 See, e.g., Michael A. Carrier, Unsettling Drug Patent Settlements: A Framework for Presumptive Illegality, 108 MICH. L. REV. 37, 51 (2009) (describing the increasing use of reverse payment settlements under the Act). 21 21 U.S.C. § 355(j)(5)(B)(iii) (2012). 15 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. __ (forthcoming 2013) pioneer can collect in the event of victory and the profits the generic can earn by marketing over the same period. All of this means that, at the time most pioneer-generic settlements occur, the branded has not yet been injured by generic entry. It has no damages to demand from the generic and any settlement payment in consideration of the cessation of litigation must thus proceed from the plaintiff to the defendant. The direction of payment in a patent settlement is only roughly correlated with yp. It certainly is not a direct input, which makes the concentration on the direction of payment a sideshow to the important economic questions that should be addressed. What's worse, by focusing on reverse payments as a distinctive issue requiring antitrust scrutiny, the Court ignored the fact that equally or more anticompetitive patent settlements can be constructed with no reverse payment at all, as discussed next. 3. Easy Anticompetitive Work-Arounds
One of the factors that Justice Breyer identified as supporting the legality of a reverse payment is evidence that the "payment may reflect compensation for other services that the generic has promised to perform—such as distributing the patented item or helping to develop a market for that item."22 He apparently has in mind a circumstance, true in some of the patent settlement cases, where the generic agrees to distribute either the branded drug or an authorized generic and receives a promise of payment for its services as part of the settlement. Indeed, if a generic and pioneer want to avoid the stigma of the reverse payment altogether, it is simple to "naturalize" the direction of payment by having the generic promise to pay the patentee for the right to be a distributor. Instead of an agency model where the generic collects on behalf of the brand and receives compensation for its efforts, the model can be reverted to a licensing model where the generic is authorized to distribute the drug, remitting some share of the proceeds to the pioneer as a royalty. In that case, we have both the absence of a reverse payment and the fact of early generic entry, which should easily satisfy the Actavis rule of reason standard. However, such agreements may be worse from a competition standpoint than the reverse payments at issue in Actavis. Suppose, for example, that prior to generic entry, the monopoly mark-up per unit is equal to $1. Now suppose that the pioneer brings a patent infringement lawsuit with a low probability of success. Prior to adjudication of that lawsuit, the pioneer settles with the generic, making the generic its authorized generic distributor. The generic agrees to remit to the pioneer a royalty of $1 per unit sale. Unless the generic's marginal costs of production or distribution are lower than that of the pioneer, we now have (1) early generic entry, (2) no reverse payment, and (3) a continuation of precisely the previous monopoly pricing. Indeed, if the licensing agreement continues until the expiration of the patent, this scenario may be worse than some reverse payment settlements, particularly those that permit generic entry before the expiration of the patent. Further, we need not make the royalty equal to the full monopoly overcharge in order to produce anticompetitive results. Say the royalty is equal to 90% of the monopoly overcharge. Now, in addition to early generic entry and no reverse payment, we have the delightful bonus of immediate price reductions. But there is still potentially an enormous anticompetitive effect. Since the first generic to market ordinarily sets 15 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. __ (forthcoming 2013) its price around 70–80% of the brand,23 this settlement deprives consumers of a much larger price decrease they might have received in the but-for world. This example is not fanciful. The FDA currently lists 673 authorized generics on the market.24 To the extent that these agreements do not involve reverse payments, they will not show up on the post-Actavis radar screen. But every antitrust lawyer worth his or her salt will be pushing clients in the direction of settlements of this nature that avoid reverse payments. Circumvention of the reverse payment rule established in Actavis is relatively easy. To repeat an earlier point, what drives yp is not the direction in which payment flows in a patent settlement. It is the probability that but for the settlement, the generic and pioneer would have entered into price competition. There are ample means other than reverse payments to soften competition between branded and generic drug firms. Actavis does not merely ignore this possibility. By crediting licensing agreements as a robustly procompetitive defense, it compounds the error of the decision and appears to grant categorical immunity to other forms of anticompetitive agreement. 4. The Continuing Need for Regulatory Solutions
Actavis represents another instance of what my colleague Becky Eisenberg has called "patent punting" strategies—refusals by courts to engage with the strength of patents in cases other than patent infringement cases. It is understandable that judges prefer to treat patents as black boxes rather than to engage their merits. After all, patent is such a specialized and technical area of law that it is the one of the very few for which we have created a specialized court of appeals. Relitigating in the antitrust case the full merits of the previously settled patent infringement litigation is a burden that neither the parties nor the courts wish to undertake. But the fact that the undertaking is burdensome is not a good reason to eschew it if it provides one of the two necessary inputs to understanding whether the settlement is harmful to consumer welfare.25 Unless we can determine y just by deconstructing the settlement economics—something far more difficult than the Actavis court seemed to assume—there is no substitute for direct engagement with the strength of the patent infringement claim, meaning both the patent validity and the defendant's non-infringement defense. To say that there needs to be direct engagement with the strength of the patent infringement claim is not to say that courts need to do this. The analytical and practical gaps in Actavis point to the need for a greater degree of regulatory involvement in branded-generic 23 David Reiffen & Michael R. Ward, Generic Drug Industry Dynamics, 87 REV. ECON. & STAT. 37, 44 (2005) (explaining that their study showed a single generic entrant would set its price at 88% of the branded price). See also Richard E. Caves et al., Patent Expiration, Entry, and Competition in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry, in BROOKINGS PAPERS ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: MICROECONOMICS, 1991, at 1, 44–45 (Martin Neil Baily & Clifford Winston eds., 1991) (finding that generic producers depress the branded drug's price and "enter the market quoting prices much lower than those of their branded competitors"). 24 FDA Listing of Authorized Generics as of July 22, 2013, FDA, available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OfficeofMedicalProductsandTobacco/CDER/UCM183605.pdf. 25 Indeed, one might say that y is the crucial input, since it can reasonably be assumed that p will be large given economic evidence on the price reduction patterns upon generic entry. See FDA, supra not 15 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. __ (forthcoming 2013) contestation over patent rights. One could imagine a range of regulatory actors that already touch aspects of these problems—the PTO, FDA, or FTC, for example—playing a greater role in opening the black box of the patent infringement claim and hence providing information more directly relevant to the antitrust analysis than the direction of the settlement payment. Actavis showed the courts grappling for solutions they are ill-equipped to provide. As the next wave of antitrust litigation around patent settlements unfolds in coming years and the vulnerability of courts in answering the relevant questions becomes more apparent, the need for regulatory solutions will become clearer. The door should now be opened for creative proposals for regulatory solutions.
Source: http://mjlst.umn.edu/prod/groups/ahc/@pub/@ahc/@mjlst/documents/content/ahc_content_457223.pdf
mtvernonfamilydental.com
PATIENT INFORMATION ____ _ CONFIDENTIAL Name _____________________________________ Birthdate ___________________ Soc. Sec. #_________________________ Address ___________________________________ City _______________________ State ______ Zip __________________ Sex (M/F) ______ Marital Status ____________ Home # ______________________ Cell # ___________________________
Utility of an algorithm predicting nasal continuous positive airway pressure sophia e schiza., bouloukaki izolde, tzanakis nikos, ekonomidou foteini, n.m. siafakas sleep disorders unit, dept. of thoracic medicine, medical school, university of crete, heraklion, greece.
ABSTINENCE RATES AND PREDICTORS OF OUTCOME OF SMOKING CESSATION Izolde Bouloukaki, Despoina Moraitaki, Kostantinos Karagiannis, Nikolaos Siafakas, Ioanna Mitrouska. Dept of Thoracic Medicine, University Of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece INTRODUCTION: RESULTS ΙΙ: •Smoking cessation effectively decreases the incidence •Two years after quit day, 285 (38%) were ex of


Scattered glimpses of the configuration Nature has given me, according to the stars (laborious observations on them, by humans).
All white cursives from astrology arena.
Sagittarians "...tend to be the most honest about who they are and what they stand for. Building a strong identity, for them, relies on this process of self-discovery and living out their truth."
"The Libra Risings have the most powerful charm and the best people-skills of the trio. They possess an automatic way of putting you at ease and making you feel liked and understood, which gives them a highly attractive aura and energy."
"Those with the Moon in Gemini get bored easiest, needing stimulation and excitement at every given second. Also, they can either be the most talkative or the quietest, as they will process their feelings by either not being able to shut up or thinking so hard they shut others out."
"With Uranus in the 2nd House, you want to be doing something for money that is going to bring you a feeling of freedom and of experimentation. It has to open up your mind to many different ideas and alternatives.
Uranus brings chaos into all of our lives, to some degree or another and in some way or another. With Uranus in the 2nd, it is financial chaos.
... It is important for you, then, to remain detached from concerns with wealth and financial security. The less you care about money, the more you have it. But, the more you care about it, the less you get.
...your lifestyle: it is odd and unpredictable and always subject to change. So, in a way, you'll never feel totally settled into a standard of living. But, this is essentially what you have to settle for, in that paradoxical Uranus way. "
"The North Node is the single most important point in the chart...it describes what your Soul wants to learn and experience in this life. It is a Soul Messenger.
The great psychologist, Carl Jung, believed that the time of birth was not a coincidence but was a mysterious synchronicity that reveals a great deal. "
"When we embrace and live out our North Node, our life has a greater purpose and we achieve much deeper satisfaction."
"To have this [Leo] North Node sign is to be constantly challenged throughout life to give your best performance. If you're a Leo North Node and you're ever in doubt, you just need to think of yourself as an actor (and the chances are great that you could be an actor or performer of some sort). Like an actor does on screen or stage, you need to live your life in a way that is about presence, charisma, creativity, and a heartfelt, personal connection to others."
Recap: Auditess 2018, Solar Return.


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text:
Jodi Ruderon took a trip to ... Ramallah, on a bus:
Israelis tour a no-go zone
...about four dozen [Israelis]...made an unusual recent pilgrimage to Ramallah, one of several Palestinian cities that have been officially off-limits to most Israeli citizens for more than a decade...organized by the Israel Palestine Center for Research and Information [from their FB: IPCRI - Israel Palestine Center for Research and Information shared a link.Wednesday Our Breaking Down Walls tour is featured in the New York Times!]...contacts between the two peoples have dwindled. Fewer Palestinians work inside Israel. Dialogue groups have broken up. Camps connecting children are harder to find. The communities increasingly function as if in alternate universes.
..."Israelis crave to meet Palestinians and to go to the West Bank," said Goldie Orlan, who is managing the project, which also takes Israelis to Jericho and Bethlehem. "They just want to walk the streets and talk to normal people about their daily lives."
But they had to settle for walking through a sales center at Rawabi, a city-to-be of high-rises and homeowners' associations being erected in the empty hills. As for talking, it was mostly to their guide, Husam Jubran, whose liberal mix of opinion with fact led some to describe it as a "propaganda tour."
...For $50 each, the visitors got the sales pitch at Rawabi; a photo op at Mr. Arafat's tomb; time in a new museum honoring the poet Mahmoud Darwish; lunch at a local hummuseria; a stop at a troubled neighborhood surrounded by the separation barrier; and a bus ride through bustling Manara Square, led and followed by Palestinian security vehicles...What they did not get is to meet Palestinians. At Samer Restaurant, the group was shuttled upstairs to waiting plates of falafel, pickles and spreads. The regulars stayed downstairs, and the men bringing refills and pouring thimbles of coffee did not engage them. When David Groman, 75, asked if he might go into some nearby shops — "I just wanted to look at the goods. I wanted to see the price levels, see how people live," he said later — he was told no way...At the Darwish museum, Smadar Tsaban, 59, thought it "a pity" that the Hebrew translations of the poet's work were not among the eight languages on display.
...Ms. Orlan of the Israel Palestine Center acknowledged the limitations of viewing a society mainly through bus windows. But, she said, it is better than not going at all...Most Palestinians live in Area A, where Israelis have not been allowed to go since October 2000, after the mob killing of two reserve soldiers at a Ramallah police station. It comprises 13 percent of the West Bank and is under full Palestinian control.
At one point, Mr. Jubran asked the driver to pull off the road for a closer view of one of the red signs marking the city's borders. "The entrance for Israeli citizens is forbidden," it said. "Dangerous to your lives. And is against the Israeli law."...
Can we organize a bus tour for Jodi to the Jewish communities in Areas B and C?
Will she come?
Oh and that no-go zone. That wouldn't be a form of apartheid, would it?


text:
Ochrana může označovat:
 v oblasti přírody vč. zemědělství především:
 ochrana přírody
ochrana přírody v Česku
Ochrana přírody (časopis)
 ochrana genofondu rostlin
 ochrana životního prostředí
 integrovaná ochrana proti škůdcům
 biologická ochrana letišť (proti ptákům)
 protipovodňová ochrana

 a v jiných oblastech zejména:
 ochranu osobních údajů
 antikoncepce – ochrana proti početí (povětšinou kondom, hormonální antikoncepce atp.)
 stíhací ochrana (letectvo)
 nadproudová ochrana (elektrotechnika)
 přepěťová ochrana (elektrotechnika)
 diplomatická ochrana (právo)
 ochrana oprávněného dědice (právo)
 ochrana sbírkových předmětů (muzejnictví)
 ochrana digitálních dokumentů (archivnictví)
 protekce – původním významem ochrana
 Ochranov – město v Lužici, německy Herrnhut "Hut des Herren (Obhut des Herren Jesus)", znamená ochrana Páně

Související články
 obrana
 prevence
 rezervace

Externí odkazy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This was given to representatives in 1976 as a gift from Avon. Each panel is 7 X 4.75" and held together with a folding plastic hinge. The stained glass is faux stained glass and in very good condition. There is one spot where the paint has been rubbed off. $2.00 plus postage.


We decided to give a second life to this wonderful EP from Taras Van De Voorde. "Chasing Sesasons Remixes" mixes two amazing Techno producers. We wanted to hear the re-interpretations of two amazing tracks from two different ages techno artists. One is a fresh, hot but extremely consolidated and one of the capital artists of Suara, the spanish Dosem. Meanwhile the another one is just a legend, Jerome Sydenham, owner of the respected Ibadan Records and well know for his massive collaborations with house Gods like Kerri Chandler or Dennis Ferrer. Here is where the newbie meets the veteran. Meowtastic!


On behalf of Rivas Goldstein, LLP posted in Physicians and Group Practices on Monday, September 11, 2017.
It is virtually guaranteed that every doctor has at least once gone online to check out ratings assigned to them by members of the public. For many patients, these ratings provide valuable feedback about whether a physician is capable, friendly, extraordinary, etc.
A new study sheds some light on the ratings, including research that compared ratings from three popular sites for doctors who had put on probation by the state's Medical Board. Physicians with problems for things such as professionalism, drug or alcohol abuse, sexual misconduct, crime and personal illness scored somewhat lower than doctors who were not on probation, but their "ratings were not significantly different."
That's the conclusion of a surgeon who wrote recently on the subject for Physicians Weekly.
The anonymous doctor notes that physicians who had certain types of violations -- "medical documentation, incompetence, prescription negligence, fraud" -- had "significantly lower ratings." The study was done of doctors on probation in California.
The doctor-author also noted an interesting quirk: there was virtually no ratings difference between those physicians whose probation status was public and those whose probation status had not been published. To the author, that suggests that people who post online ratings either do not look up the doctor's probation status or they look it up and often don't really care about what they find.
For those New York doctors facing licensing issues, online ratings are secondary to worries about being able to continue in their chosen field. An attorney experienced in Office of Professional Misconduct (OPMC) investigations and related matters can protect rights throughout the process.


text:
Die Synagoge in Frankfurt am Main, by Max Beckmann . In 1916, three years before Max Beckmann painted "The Synagogue" Germany's War Ministry conducted the so-called Jewish census which was supposedly conducted to combat anti-Semitic rumors of "Jewish shirking" from defending the German fatherland in the War. But as Hamlin points out in reality, the census was designed to determine whether more Jewish Germans than others were evading military service and it served to undermine Jewish political and civil rights.The results showed that Jews fought for Germany in record numbers.
Städel Museum, Frankfurt
The empty space in Frankfurt's Borneplatz synagogue destroyed on Kristallnacht used to be
photo by Rhonda Spivak
Signs at the Borneplatz which show the various names by which it was called over the years
A Kristallnacht Story: Max Beckmann's prophetic painting of the Frankfurt Synagogue Destroyed on Nov 9, 1938 and The Public Debate it Generated after the Holocaust
by Rhonda Spivak, October 25, 2016
A well known German painter Max Beckmann (who was not Jewish) painted in 1919 the Borneplatz Synagogue in Frankfurt with its beautiful blue cupola dome, which was located in the heart of what had been Frankfurt's historic Jewish ghetto. The synagogue in Borneplatz, which at the time was the main synagogue for the Jewish community of Frankfurt was destroyed by the Nazis on November 9, 1938 on Kristallnacht, the night of broken glass, a pogrom which set off the destruction of Jewish communal property , shops and businesses, and resulted in the death of many Jews and the arrest of many others who were sent to concentration camps..
I went to Bornplatz, and stood in the stark grey location where the synagogue once existed, now surrounded by a line of trees whose arms look as if they have been cut off. The emptiness speaks volumes.
I bought a postcard of Beckmann's painting when I was in Frankfurt because I marveled at how the painting had captured a sliver of Jewish history which no longer existed. It was in that sense a striking historical artifact. Beckmann's painting is displayed at the was being displayed in a Frankfurt's Städel museum, although I didn't at the time know the controversy the painting had generated in Frankfurt after Holocaust. The story is worth telling as Kristallnacht commemoration approaches (It is told at length Amy Hamlin inhttp://nonsite.org/article/the-conditions-of-interpretation-a-reception-history-of-the-synagogue-by-max-beckmann)
In Beckmann's painting, upheaval is everywhere and it appears as if the titled synagogue is about to be destroyed. The ground appears to shake, and the light-posts and streetlamps like they are about to being ripped apart. The synagogue in the painting with the burning yellow colour in its windows looks like the titled structure has been set ablaze. After the Holocaust, the painting was referred to as being prophetic, given what was to occur to the Borneplatz synagogue and nearly all of Germany's synagogues in Kristallnacht. Over 2600 Frankfurt Jews, were soon after Kristallnacht deported to the concentration camp in Buchenwald and virtually the entire Frankfurt Jewish community was decimated during the Holocaust. Beckmann's eerie painting was prescient
It is interesting to speculate why Beckmann painted the synagogue in the first place in 1919. Beckmann who was raised as a Protestant moved to Frankfurt in the fall of 1915 after serving on active duty as a medical orderly during World War 1. He suffered a nervous collapse during the war, and his studio in the city was relatively near the Borneplatz Synagogue, whose cupola made it stand out amidst the ordinary apartments and shops in Borneplatz.
Beckmann's social circle included members of the Jewish-German cultural elite in Frankfurt. Beckmann was quoted 1919 as having said "The numerous Jews in Frankfurt don't bother me in the least. On the contrary, these black-clad, industrious people are in many respects quite beneficial for us." At the time he said it, Hasidic Jews had immigrated to Germany to escape economic hardship and persecution and Germany's Interior Minister had issued an edict allowing them to stay, notwithstanding some Germans opposed this immigration. In this context Beckman's statement appears to be a more tolerant view of supporting their being able to stay in Frankfurt.
After the Holocaust Frankfurters had to come to term with their past and the Director of Frankfurt's Städel Museum Enst Holzinger made significant efforts to acquire The Synagogue for the Städel
An industrialist Herbert Kurtz, had bought the bought painting around 1936 and according to Hamlin's research Holzinger wrote to him indicating that the painting had deep ties to Frankfurt's history and were it to enter the Städel's collection, it would be "an eternal reminder of the burning down of the synagogue in the Kristallnacht," and serve as an important historical document.
It's not clear whether or not Holzinger had supported the Nazis, according to Hamlin. "Holzinger ... emerged from the war as an ambivalent figure. In 1941, however, three years into his tenure as Director of the Städel Museum, he was appointed… to be an "Authority for the Securing and the Utilization of Cultural Assets from Jewish Ownership for the Purposes of the Reich..." Holzinger prepared some fifty-five appraisals of confiscated artworks that argued for their retention for sale to either German or foreign museums or private collectors… On the other hand…he salvaged and after the war repatriated the art collection of Alfred Oppenheim, who had fled Germany for England in 1939. What's more, Holzinger clandestinely stored Carl Hagemann's extensive collection of Expressionist art, saving it from confiscation by Nazi authorities. The jury is still out on Holzinger's wartime actions... And yet the evidence suggests that he acted less out of ideology than out of his deep commitment to art."
After the Holocaust, however Holzinger was persistent in his efforts to get Beckmann's painting of the synagogue for his Museum. As Hamlin explains, it could be that Holzinger was atoning for his wartime transgressions or alternatively that he was good at making a shrewd argument to ensure the painting formed a part of the Städel Museum collection. Holzinger quietly began fund raising for The Synagogue in 1963 by appealing for a special grant from Frankfurt's Department of Science, Art, and Education. He wrote wrote in a letter in 1963 : "No other artist has created such effective, artistic documents of this ominous historical period than Beckmann…. One suspects that as he painted the picture, Beckmann foresaw this threatening and impending destruction." Holzinger later wrote to Kurtz "The picture belongs to no one more than Frankfurt, as Beckmann would have wished."
When Kurtz died his widow was willing to sell the painting in 1970 for the price of approximately $200,000, a price considered to be very high. Holzinger sought the help of Hilmar Hoffmann, Frankfurt's newly appointed City Councillor of Cultural Affairs. Hoffman conceived of public campaign for the acquisition of The Synagogue&nb


One $15 dollar table top from Stardust and $30 in 2 x 4's, nuts, and washers from Lowes and I have my self an AMAZING, almost un-lift-able, 45 dollar, heavy duty tool bench... oh and don't forget the 5 hours of labor, but if you have a Dad as awesome as mine, him and his tools come in at about... oooh free dollars.
It was hot and exhausting... but it was totally worth it and I probably saved myself about $160+. So yeah, I would do it all over again.


text:
Bruce Springsteen Unseats Taylor Swift On Billboard Albums Chart
Swift hangs tight at #2; plus movement from Franz Ferdinand, WWE: The Music.
It took the Boss to finally unseat country-pop dynamo [artist id="2389485"]Taylor Swift[/artist] from the top of the Billboard albums chart after eight weeks at #1. [artist id="1375283"]Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band[/artist]'s Working on a Dream will debut in the top spot next week on sales of 223,000, according to figures provided by Nielsen SoundScan, ending a two-month run by Swift's Fearless album, which will drop to #2 on sales of 55,000.
Dream is Springsteen's ninth #1 album, but despite a prominent slot at the inauguration of President Barack Obama, not to mention a rousing performance at the Super Bowl, the new album sold 100,000 fewer copies in its first week than the band's previous album, 2007's Magic.
It was a bit of a shake-up in an otherwise slow week, during which Scottish dance rockers [artist id="1241057"]Franz Ferdinand[/artist] notched their best-ever Billboard chart debut by sneaking in at #9 with 30,000 units shifted of their latest, Tonight: Franz Ferdinand. They provided some of the only movement in the top 20 during yet another mostly down week for the business. [artist id="1236911"]Beyoncé[/artist]'s I Am ... Sasha Fierce slipped a notch to #3 on sales of 51,000, followed by [artist id="760446"]Nickelback[/artist]'s Dark Horse (43,000), [artist id="1230523"]Kanye West[/artist]'s 808s & Heartbreak (33,000), newcomer 2009 Grammy Nominees at #6 (32,000), [artist id="7590"]Jamie Foxx[/artist]'s Intuition (31,000), [artist id="1244412"]Keyshia Cole[/artist]'s A Different Me (30,000) and, at #10, [artist id="501686"]Britney Spears[/artist]' Circus, which crossed the 1.3 million mark thanks to another 28,000 copies sold.
The ninth volume of WWE: The Music hit the charts at #11 on sales of 24,000, [artist id="1165809"]Hoobastank[/artist]'s cleverly named latest For(n)ever squeezed out 15,000 in sales to debut at #26, the [artist id="1940303"]Rihanna[/artist] remix album Good Girl Gone Bad: Remixes managed to move just under 5,000 copies to debut at #106, and smooth English singer/songwriter [artist id="2380946"]James Morrison[/artist] popped up at #130 for the first week for his Songs for You, Truths for Me album, thanks to 4,000 in sales. MTV's favorite teen metallers, Crooked X, rocked up to #176 with their self-titled debut, which whipped up just over 3,000 in sales.
A couple of scrappy indie albums that took advantage of the January doldrums took serious tumbles, including [artist id="1618802"]Antony & the Johnsons[/artist]' Crying Light, which dropped more than 50 percent and 84 slots to #149 on just over 3,600 sold; [artist id="3017867"]Bon Iver[/artist]'s Blood Bank EP, which fell 41 slots to #57 with 9,000 new converts; and [artist id="1236835"]Animal Collective[/artist], whose Merriweather Post Pavilion tripped from #13 to #52 on 10,000 copies, but was off nearly 60 percent from its debut. Also swan-diving in a similarly spectacular fashion was sensitive fiddler/whistler [artist id="610273"]Andrew Bird[/artist], whose Noble Beast plunged from #12 to #50 on sales of more than 10,000.
Springsteen and Swift should be relatively safe next week, with debuts from the [artist id="2554983"]Fray[/artist], [artist id="2098046"]Red Jumpsuit Apparatus[/artist] and the latest Kidz Bop album.


One of the early problems that submarine chaser crews had to deal with was the danger of gasoline fires and explosions. Gasoline engines were relatively new for use in naval vessels, and the engines on the chasers were primitive, by modern standards. Chasers ran on open-crankcase Standard Motor Construction Company 220hp engines, and the engine rooms were poorly ventilated. Accumulated fumes presented an explosion hazard.
As the chaser fleets were entering active ASW operations overseas in July, 1918, bulletins were being issued to caution the chaser crews about the dangers.
And as we enter the heat of the summer 99 years later, imagine being in Corfu, Greece, below decks of a 110-foot wooden submarine chaser with three 220hp open-crankcase engines running.
Added to the Hull Numbers Collection: Submarine chaser SC 315. This is a newspaper file photo of one of the chasers that were sold to France. SC 315 was designated C-19 in the French navy.


Everything for Your Dream Wedding!
Attend the Winter Bridal Extravaganza at the Davis Conference Center in Layton. Visit wedding vendors and enter for a chance to win a dream wedding sponsored by The Davis Conference Center and several northern Utah wedding vendors (must be present to win).
The Davis Conference Center show gives you the opportunity to walk around and view the beautiful displays and meet with hundreds of Utah's best wedding vendors as they showcase their products and services: bridal gowns, tuxedos, wedding venues, catering, hotels and honeymoon destinations, florists, photographers, decorations, wedding planners, spa retreats, beauty specialists, music, and more! Our amazing vendors are ready to please a variety of tastes and budgets.
The Bridal Extravaganza shows provide the opportunity to win thousands of dollars in one-of-a-kind show specials. In addition to the great day-of-show discounts, prizes, and booking incentives offered by the vendors!
Complete the Register Online Now! form (click below).
Before you SUBMIT it, please print or take a screen shot of the page.


Give trees and saplings the support they need with VELCRO® Brand ONE-WRAP® Tree Ties. This pack contains a 5m roll of strong, weather resistant ties that can be easily cut to size to suit any size tree. And they're fully repositionable - just unhook and reattach them as your tree grows. These green VELCRO® Brand ties also have a soft lining to prevent it rubbing and cutting into the stem of the tree.


The First Nation Regeneration Fund's first deal finances a renewable energy project owned by the Taku River Tlingit First Nation in Atlin, BC. Xeitl is a Tlingit-owned power company that recently built a run-of-river, two-megawatt hydro power project on Pine Creek about five kilometres from Atlin.
The hydro plant began operations on April 1, 2009, allowing Atlin to turn off its diesel-powered electricity generator. Each year, Atlin has burned almost 1.5 million litres of fuel which created 4,500 tonnes of greenhouse gases. The new run-of-river hydro plant will reduce Atlin's carbon footprint the equivalent of removing 1,600 cars from city streets.


text:
Q: how to append without using buffer or append method? /*
 * Compares user input and checks whether they are anagrams
 *
 */

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Anagram
{
  public static void main(String[] args)
  {

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter first sentence: ");
String s1 = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter second sentence: ");
String s2 = sc.nextLine();

s1.toLowerCase();
String new1 = "";
for( char ch = 'a'; ch <= 'z'; ch++){
  int i;
  for(i = 0; i <s1.length(); i++){
    if(ch == s1.charAt(i)){
      System.out.print(ch + " are the letters of " + s1 + " in order ");
      break;
    }
  }
}
s2.toLowerCase();
String new2 = new String();
for( char ch2 = 'a'; ch2 <= 'z'; ch2++){
  int i2;
  for(i2 = 0; i2 <s2.length(); i2++){
    if(ch2 == s2.charAt(i2)){
      System.out.print(ch2 + " are the letters of " + s2 + " in order ");
      break;
    }
  }
}
  }
}

In reference to my question before to which this is the proper way of doing the homework everything works fine except im having trouble creating a new string and passing all the chars to the new string. However this has to be done without using stringbuffer or append() is that possible?

A: You can use + operator that concatenates strings. But I think it is not the purpose of homework. It seems that you are expected to create char array and then create string using this array.
But that's it, man. If it is a homework you have now enough tips. Do it yourself and welcome to Stackoverflow.


text:
Gerald Shea is honored by the city of Reims in a Franco American celebration
parisdia 14 November 2019 Happy moments, History10 Comments
Gerald Shea, is being honored by Arnaud Robinet, Mayor of Reims in a ceremony at City Hall on November 11, photo Bill Beakman
From the solemn morning ceremonies at a monument to World War I dead, to a sparkling evening in the ornate Salle des Fêtes at City Hall, the city of Reims went all out on Nov. 11, Armistice Day, to honor the Centenary of the American Memorial Hospital, a pediatric hospital founded in the ruined city in 1919 by a group of intrepid American women. It also turned out to be a good opportunity to toast Franco-American friendship, and to honor Gerald Shea, a lawyer and a writer, and the popular former President of the hospital's board of directors. Since he is my brother in law, this reporting is brilliantly done by Celestine Bohlen, who I thank here for her contribution.
The ball machine designed by George Rhoads is one of the attractions for children in the hospital
At 100 years old, the AMH, as it is fondly known in Reims, is still going strong. Embedded in the larger regional public hospital, it continues to serve the children of Reims and its surroundings, from the tiniest new-borns to adolescents suffering from sports injuries. Thanks to up to $1 million annual grants and research fellowships provided by the AMH Foundation, each methodically reviewed and approved by a board of directors that includes several doctors, the children's hospital in Reims is able to provide its patients with state-of -art equipment and its medical staff with access to training and experience at top U.S. hospitals. At its meeting last Sunday, the board approved the purchase of an EEG recorder to monitor epilepsy among newborns.
Research and new equipment are at the heart of the Foundation's work for the Memorial Hospital
A highlight of this year's board meeting in Reims was a tour of the formally opened AMH building, which opened in 2017. Brightly painted rooms, a newly devised incubator, charts of in patient and out patient psychiatric and psychological services, a smiling staff, all were on display for the American guests who ended their visit with a glass of champagne next to a colorful ball machine sculpture designed by American sculptor George Rhoads on the model of the Reims' historic cathedral. It was a gift from the AMH board that continues to delight the hospital's young patients.
The Nov. 11 commemorations began in an autumn chill, with a traditional military review, and awarding of military medals. This time, it also included a line up of school children who stood holding up French and American flags and early pictures from the original American Memorial Hospital, while a singer sang the American classic, "Summertime." Later, a choir of local university students from Sciences Pô Reims, belted out both the U.S. and French national anthems, and then letters from grateful mothers, written to one of the hospital's American founders in 1919, were read out in French and English.
The hospital as it is today
That evening, during a magnificent dinner served with a steady stream of local champagnes, Gerald Shea, now a president emeritus, received a medal of the city of Reims, an honor he shares with General Dwight Eisenhower and French President Charles de Gaulle. After a short and witty speech in French where he mentioned that General Eisenhower had accepted the medal in the name of his soldiers, Shea declared that he was accepting his in the name of all the doctors and Friends from Reims who put so much effort in the success of this program. Then a beaming Gerald walked through the vast hall as visiting Americans, hospital doctors and an impressive list of local dignitaries rose in standing ovation.
American Memorial Hospital in Reims
10 Comments on "Gerald Shea is honored by the city of Reims in a Franco American celebration"
BRIGID WILLIAMS
11.14.2019 at 13 h 46 min
Congratulations to Gerry Shea! and thank you Celestine for your … impartial reportage!
As things get worse in Washington, it is galvanizing and hope-inspiring to read about this honorable and fruitful international friendship
Denys Laroche
Bravo à Gerald. Je suis sur que le speech devait être très amusant.
mais surtout impressionné par cette médaille et par ce qu'elle représente.
J'imagine le sourire de Claire.
joanella deery
Marvelous to see and hear.! Congratulations!
Jacquillat
Bravo Gerald for all you accomplished for the Reims Hospital
Marina Eloy-Jacquillat
Lynn Goldberg
Congratulations, Gerry. I'm pleased to know about the American Memorial Hospital in Reims, thrilled that you were honored for your work on its behalf.
Karen Millet
How wonderful! Sad not still be "in power" in Reims to have witnessed this. xo
Maria Campbell
Bravo Gerry ! Such a wonderful picture too by our friend Bill Beekman. Only wish Woody and I could have been there to celebrate. We raise a cyberglass of champagne !!
Dorsey R. Gardner
Sounds like a wonderful event! What a great organization.
Who was the singer who sang "Summertime"? It should have been Gerry!
Fondly
Ni & Dorsey
Nancy Rice
We salute you, Gerry. You have made us proud, again, to have you as a dear friend. Bravo.
Nancy and Peter
Laetitia Oppenheim (Guest)
So proud of Gerald. Thank you for the wonderful reportage.


Invitation to the negotiations of 29.09.2015 (Wroclaw Subzone) - WSSE "INVEST-PARK". Wałbrzyska Specjalna Strefa Ekonomiczna "INVEST-PARK".
1) The invitation is aimed at entrepreneurs who possess the legal title for the real estate (in particular ownership or perpetual usufruct or lease or rental or leasing) located within the area of the WSEZ "INVEST – PARK" in the Wroclaw Subzone or at these who will prove believably the possibility of obtaining of such legal title.
3) Detailed information on the terms and conditions of the negotiations, including the condition of issuing the Permit, is set down in the "Specification of Material Terms and Conditions of the Negotiations No. 396" (called hereafter "Specification").
7) Written offers should be submitted in closed envelopes at the seat of the WSEZ "INVEST – PARK" sp. z o.o. (58-306 Walbrzych, Uczniowska 16 street) by October 20th, 2015, 300 p.m.; the manner of preparing the offer is defined in the Specification.
8) The opening of the envelopes as well as the negotiations will take place at the seat of the WSEZ "INVEST – PARK" sp. z o.o. (58-306 Walbrzych, Uczniowska 16 street) on October 21st , 2015 at 1100 a.m.


Payday Loans the Next Ponzi Subprime Debt Bubble to Implode?
The Office of Fair Trading some several years behind the curve has finally announced an investigation into the aggressive debt collection practices of the largely unregulated payday loans industry that has mushroomed over the past 4 years to stand at over 240 providers, all competing against one another to increasingly lend money to those that cannot afford to repay the loans in what appears to be a classic Ponzi scheme-esk structure where loans are usually given to individuals without any background checks that are increasingly for the purpose of repaying loans taken out from other payday lenders, and then again and again which means that payday lenders are effectively paying one another resulting in what is a growing Ponzi pyramid primed for collapse.
You all should know how this is going to end, for we have seen it all before with the US subprime crash that triggered the financial crisis of 2008, something that we have still yet to overcome.
In fact Payday Loans is Subprime on speed, which means that when the Pay day loans Ponzi bubble bursts it will be in a far more spectacular style than the slow burn that was subprime crash that started to go belie-up in early 2007, taking a good 18 months to hit financial armageddon stage.
Pay Day Loans - During the great recession many pay day loan outfits have sprung up that offer to fill the gap between each pay cheque with near instant small loans of upto £1000 that borrowers are further enticed to roll over into the next pay day. To be blunt, if you are considering these types of loans then you might as well put a gun to your head for all of the distress they will eventually cause you. Whilst the base rate is at 0.5%, pay day loan outfits are charging over 2,000% APR. These types of loans should be illegal in Britain but they are not, which just illustrates how inept the financial regulator is in allowing ordinary citizens to fall victim to 'legal' loan sharks. If the FSA had the best interests of the general public at heart then it would lobby the government to introduce legislation to CAP ALL interest rates at base rate plus 10%. Yes it would mean that the financially illiterate presently taking on extremely high risk loans would usually be denied loans due to the risk / reward factor, but that is how it should be.
The stage is now set for the government to finally start to act to deal with these legalised loan sharks, and all it could take would be a relatively benign announcement to trigger the payday loan market collapse because the markets discount the future, they propel a trend into the stratosphere that is primed for collapse, just as is the case with every bubble.
The collapse of the payday loans industry could take place over a matter of weeks or even days as the tulips that the payday loan companies are nurturing (borrowers) are realised to be seen as worthless as they will never be able to repay the debt, and then, suddenly the penny drops and all of the monies invested (loans) cease to exist ponzi style because the merry go around of cycling loans between providers comes to an abrupt end, just as during August 2007 the mortgage backed securities market froze on the realisation that the triple AAA MBS that the banks were invested in were worthless and so were the insurers who had insured the MBS against default.
What Will be the Consequences of the PayDay Loans Ponzi Scheme Collapse?
When the Ponzi scheme eventually does collapse then the fallout will be on the investors and lenders to the payday loan companies, just as with the subprime mortgages these investors and lenders will have been solely focused on the size of the ever expanding payday loan books, all without realising that the loan books were increasingly effectively comprised of monies used to repay other payday loan companies in an ever expanding debt pyramid, which is backed by no real assets, as those that tend to heavily borrow from payday loans have already exhausted every other avenue in terms of using up any collateral they had.
My only hope is that the fools in Westminister do not throw billions more of tax payer monies in bailout cash at the banks many of whom will be found out to be heavily exposed to the payday lenders, just as after the subprime crash of 2008 the banks plowed headlong into peripheral Euro-zone government bonds, that a year or so later started to collapse thus triggering a further series of taxpayer funded bank bailouts.
And as for the greatest ponzi scheme of all? Fiat currency, Subscribe to my always free newsletter to find out what the Quantum of Quantitative Easing means for the UK government debt printing ponzi scheme and its inflationary consequences.
What is base rate anyways, its not the true natural market rate, but a bunch of poeple that have assumed all knowledge and set some rate that only serves their interests.
You also say that the government must come save this situation, but wasn't it goverment that bailed out the last set of losers, so why call on them to save this.
I once had to use their service and borrowed around £400 and paid about £15-£20 in interest for the week (this was a long time ago so guessing what I paid). I had no choice as I was short on rent and yes I knew that I was getting scammed, but they provided a service that I needed. As a FREE individual I made this choice.
From my understanding this is how it works, more a week long type loan. If the loan is held any longer then the amount owed will soon be impossible to be repaid. Not being funny, but some of the poeple that are in this situation don't care, so if its impossible to pay it then they will simply write it off unless they mindful of the fact that they won't get a loan again, with no assets to their name nothing much the lender can do about it.
Yes on paper the debts will add up because of the high interest, but take the inflation adjusted principle + REAL market interest rate away and the rest will all be BS on paper like the derivative instruments created by Goldman Sachs.
The real problem is when these providers go broke and expect tax payer bailouts (THEFT - Socialism for Rich), there is no better regulation on this earth then failure itself.
Also these so called poor defenceless poeple that need PROTECTING are not that useless, in my everyday life I talk to poeple that are VERY AWARE of these pay day providers yet we talk sometimes as if these poeple are walking zombies. Socialism for the rich is a far greater threat.
I'm not saying the government should bail anyone out, quite the opposite.
The government should regulate this industry that is largely unregulated, else tax payers will be forced to foot the bill again.
The point I am trying to make as per the title is that the payday loans industry is a ponzi scheme, and all ponzi schemes eventually collapse.
Interest rates of over 2000% per annum have no justification, they are purely loan sharking enterprises.
Although I do agree that Socialism for the rich IS THEFT. Socialism in ALL its forms creates both zombie industries reliant on tax payer support and housing states full of zombies on benefits for life. This is NOT capitaism! This is a reciepe for perpetual econcomic depression towards an hyperinflationary collapse.
There is no free lunch be it for the benefits culture, ponzi payday loans or the whole banking sector. There is a price to pay for printing debt or money and that price is inflation.
You cannot just have over 8 million working age people sat idle and imagine there is no econcomic consquences. You cannot imagine stuffing the banks with £450 billion has no inflationary consquences.
To be honest, we all know how difficult it is to make money nowadays that is why people do whatever it takes to feed their families. Our government has made everything the way that it is almost impossible to lead an honest life with a proper job (check out the rating of unemployment+ graduates that can't find jobs and suffer at paying off their student loans debt). It is understandable. I doubt all those collectors simply enjoy making life of other miserable. They just make money. To be honest, I don't know which is really the best here: being hungry with a low-paid job or being having job that brings you good income. Think….
Debt has ALWAYS been one of the primary mechanisms for turning people into slaves.
The elite want everyone and everyhing to become debt slaves, to own nothing and work their whole lives for the debt noose that is around their necks, just look at the Euro-zone, instead of going bankrupt these countries are being forced to service debt they cannot afford.
In my opinion payday loans is debt slavery on crack.
No the debt slaves aren't the poor, but the taxpayer through force of government to bailout the rotten apples.
Nadeem, you didn't answer my question, why when these payday operators and their backers face the impending failure of a clearly unsustainable model are they bailed out by us taxpayers. Money taken by force of goverment out of our pockets and given to these losers. Yet you focus on a free poeple capable of making their own choices both good & bad as the problem.
The sub-prime, the focus is on the poor who couldn't afford the mortages and the cry is regulation to stop poor poeple getting loans. If the banks were allowed to fail, then this practice would have stopped dead in the tracks without any regulations.
The truth is that they were not bailed out by tax payers. The money was printed, what the tax payers pay for are those that can work but choose not to work, as Romney said rather too honsetly, the 47%.
Like I said earlier, paydayloans is like debt on crack, yes free people have a choice of whether to take crack cocaine or not, but just like paydayloans it will sooner rather than later destroy lives, families and whole communities.
What we have with the banking bailout is socialism not capitalism and socialism in all its forms is destructive, unsustainable.
Socialism will be the death of western civilisation.
The only reason the West has got to where it stands today is due to competition, fierce competition, without which there is only stagnation and decline.
So it is good, that China, is on the march, conquering the world econcomy, building air-craft carriers, because if all there were was the fat lazy west then we would all be doomed. We need competition, to feed the fire of innovation and progress, to kick the lazy west out of its socialist complacency.
Ok so bailouts is socialism as you stated, so isn't the solution to stop the bailout socialism as opposed to regulations slapped on the poor borrowing at some fixed artificial rate (anchored to base rate) created by a very small group of men. You cannot get blood from a stone and the pockets of the poor are not deep and these payday operators will fail all on their own.
When I mention taxpayers I merely over-simplyfy the category of victims of goverment ie theft by printing (my user name)... we all lose.
We agree with the problems, but we differ in the solutions. Regulations should always be used cautiously, as clever and as well thought out your soltion is, you cannot forsee the unintended consequances. Regulations is oppressive, stopping somebody making a bad decision by force is not freedom at all.
Yes, generally, the less regulation the better, but debt IS the problem. It is pure and simple slavery, for which payday loans is an extreme example of.
Freedom and debt don't go together for Debt IS SLAVERY, and the system is designed to control (enslave) people via debt.
Fight the Power! Be Debt Free!


text:
You are here: Home The FAA postpones environmental review of SpaceX's Starship by two weeks, to June 13th
The FAA postpones environmental review of SpaceX's Starship by two weeks, to June 13th
The FAA has pushed back the completion of its environmental study of SpaceX's Starship programme by two weeks, until June 13.
A programmatic environmental assessment (PEA) is being conducted to analyse the environmental implications of SpaceX's Starbase site in South Texas, where the company develops and tests its massive Starship spaceship.
Last September, the FAA released a draught PEA, stating that the final report will most likely be completed by the end of the year. However, the agency has repeatedly postponed the deadline, saying that it requires more time to meet with other government agencies and review the thousands of public comments received in response to the version.
On the FAA's Starship page, you may get updates and view the final PEA and related materials (opens in new tab).
Super Heavy, a massive first-stage booster, and Starship, a 165-foot-tall (50-meter) upper-stage spacecraft, make up Starship. Both of these elements are made to be re-usable in a short amount of time.
Elon Musk, SpaceX's creator and CEO, sees Starship as a potentially revolutionary advancement, a technology that may make Mars colonisation and other ambitious exploration endeavours economically feasible.
Starship holds a lot of potential for NASA, which has chosen it as the first crewed lunar lander for its Artemis programme, which seeks to place astronauts on the moon in the next several years.
Over the last two years, SpaceX has completed a number of high-altitude test flights of Starship prototypes at Starbase, but it's now working on a much bigger project: the system's first-ever orbital test mission. That will be the first flight with a Super Heavy booster. (Starship upper stages have flown solo on test hops so far.)
Without a satisfactory grade from the final PEA, SpaceX will be unable to launch the orbital test mission. That isn't the only regulatory box that must be checked.
"The completion of the PEA will not guarantee that the FAA will issue a launch license," FAA officials wrote in an email that announced the latest PEA delay. "SpaceX's application also must meet FAA safety, risk and financial responsibility requirements."
Filed in: Science Tags: environmental review, FAA, SpaceX, SpaceX Starship
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A new date has been added to our Emergency First Aid at Work (1 day) course. This course will be running on Friday 25th January in Swansea. To book a place on this course, click here or contact Kirsty Edwards for more details.


Dialogue Between a Priest and a Dying Man (original French: Dialogue entre un prêtre et un moribond) is a dialogue written by the Marquis de Sade while incarcerated at the Château de Vincennes in 1782. It is one of the earliest known written works from de Sade to be dated with certainty, and was first published in 1926 together with an edition of Historiettes, Contes et Fabliaux (written originally in 1788). It was subsequently published in English in 1927 by Pascal Covici in a limited, hand-numbered edition of 650 copies.


Coastal business owners and citizens pointed to the long-term impacts from the oil spills of Exxon Valdez, Deepwater Horizon and the 1988 Nestucca spill at the mouth of Grays Harbor, on fisheries and businesses. The group urged a pivot to a clean energy economy that protects Washington's coastal communities, and our valuable marine and other natural resources. NOAA data from 2015 states that they respond to 100 oil spills in U.S. waters every year. In December, however, the Trump administration announced it will roll back federal safety rules created following the Deepwater Horizon disaster.