text:
Single Game Sports Betting Legislation Introduced In Canada
On Thursday, Canada's Justice Minister David Lametti unveiled proposed legislation to legalize single-event sports betting across the country while keeping horse racing in a separate system....read on
Update From The AGCO
November 9, 2020:
Private Member's Bill C-218, which seeks to legalize single-event sports wagering in Canada, is currently being debated by Members of Parliament in the Canadian House of Commons. Woodbine Entertainment has been front and centre in saying that it is extremely concerned that the horse racing industry may end up being an unintended consequence of the legislation....read on
Concerns Regarding Sports Betting Bill
On Tuesday (Nov. 3), Woodbine Entertainment issued a release regarding concerns that Racetracks of Canada, Ontario Racing and Woodbine have with a private member's bill that's currently being debated in the House of Commons....read on
Sports Betting Bill Introduced
A bill to legalize single-event sports betting in Canada has been introduced in the House of Commons....read on
'Big M' Online/Mobile Betting Partnership
February 7, 2019:
Fresh off a robust pro football championship betting weekend, CG Technology, L.P. and New Meadowlands Racetrack LLC announced today that CG Technology – through its affiliate CG Technology NJ, LLC – will offer online and mobile sports betting in New Jersey in a partnership with Meadowlands Racetrack starting in 2019....read on
Lawson: Woodbine Should Play A Role In Sports Wagering
January 7, 2019:
Woodbine Entertainment CEO Jim Lawson recently took some time to discuss all things Woodbine, including how Canada's racing leader could, and should, hit the ground running in regard to legalized sports wagering....read on
Freehold Raceway Weighing Its Options
Sports betting is up and running at the Meadowlands Racetrack and Monmouth Park, and it now appears as though Freehold Raceway is ready to join the action....read on
Sports Betting Revenue Share Deal In NJ
The Meadowlands Racetrack and the Standardbred Breeders and Owners of New Jersey are extremely pleased to announce that they have reached a revenue sharing agreement for the next ten years....read on
Capitalizing On Sports Betting
August 12, 2018:
"If horse racing can tap into every customer who walks into a sports book looking to make a wager -- taps him or her on the shoulder, and introduces them to betting the races, then the opportunity is enormous"....read on
Ford On Sports Wagering Revenue
Mark Ford, the president of the Standardbred Breeders and Owners Association of New Jersey, has issued a brief statement in regard to sports wagering revenue that is generated at the Meadowlands Racetrack....read on
Meadowlands Sportsbook Opening Sat.
On Thursday (July 12), FanDuel Group, a leader in fantasy sports, online gaming, and television content, announced the grand opening of the first-ever FanDuel Sportsbook located at the New Meadowlands Racetrack....read on
Sports Betting Rules To Be Discussed
July 5, 2018:
In the aftermath of the US Supreme Court ruling which clears the way for states to authorize and regulate wagering on sports other than horse racing, the ARCI has announced that it will consider expanding its portfolio beyond wagering on pari-mutuel horse and greyhound contests to those involving human athletes and teams....read on
Betfair, Meadowlands, Tioga Reach Sports Betting Deal
Betfair US announced today (Thursday, June 7) that it has reached long-term agreements for retail and online/mobile sports betting with the Meadowlands Racetrack in New Jersey and Tioga Downs in New York....read on
SBOANJ Statement On Sports Betting
Mark Ford, president of the Standardbred Breeders and Owners Association of New Jersey, released the following statement after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that New Jersey can implement legalized sports betting....read on
Top Court Reverses Sports Betting Ban
On Monday (May 14), the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a 1992 federal law which had prohibited the majority of states from offering sports betting. Via the ruling, states have been given clear sailing from the top court to legalize sports wagering if they so please....read on


text:
My Log 781, January 21 2020: Chronicles from my Tenth Decade: 217: Once again the indigenous people have to face militarized poliee violence as they try to defend their lands from developments wanted by the European invaders, and the government that represents them
Well, all I can say, looking back 52 years to when I first looked into the lives of Canada's indigenous people, is that although the publicity accorded them today is immensely greater than then (when they were hardly ever mentioned in the press) but that in many essential ways things have not changed that much.
In 1968 they were just emerging from many decades of deterioration. A few were going to high schools, a tiny handful made it to university: Their leaders, who had maintained a stubborn, heroic resistance during many decades of shabby treatment, needed education so that they could confront the huge organized power of the federal government. One of their problems was that their need for the Euro-eentred education clashed with their primary need, which was to re-discover pride in their indigenous heritage.
They have been working on that ever since, and that aim is largely achieved. But unfortunately their treatment by the Euro law administered by the Canadian government has not moved exponentially. Take a gander at this situation, described today by the Defenders of the Land, the Truth Campaign and the Idle No More networks:
In December 1997, the Supreme Court of Canada issued the Delgamuukw-Gisday'way decision, which recognized the authority of the Wet'suwet'en Hereditary Chiefs over Wet'suwet'en Territory. Despite that Supreme Court court decision the federal and B.C. governments have approved the Coastal Gaslink pipeline, a 670 km pipeline from Dawson Creek to the LNG Canada export terminal near Kitimat. It is a project of TC Energy based in Calgary…..As a consequence, today the Unist'ot'en face the possibility that the full violence of the Canadian state will be brought to bear against them.
Get that: "…the full violence of the Canadian state will be brought to bear against them." .And they ain't kiddin'.Later in their document the .Defenders write:
When they (the Wet'suwet'en people) enforced their own laws and required that industry seek Free, Prior, and Informed Consent for development on their lands, they faced a brutal display of militaristic police violence and an ongoing police occupation of their territories. We have all learned ….that RCMP… are prepared to kill unarmed Wet'suwet'en people if they continue to uphold their laws.
Already, our newly militarized police are being mobilized to uphold developments that ignore ancient rights and enforce injunctions airily granted by various courts. Already, bulldozers have smashed into unceded Wet'suwet'en lands, making an unholy mess of them.
The defenders, in their document issued today, say that people all over Turtle Island have begun to hold rallies in defense of the hereditary rights of people who have occupied these unceded lands since time immemorial, by protesting Canada's illegal encroachment on Wet'suwet'en land. The message of the rally organizers is clear:
"Indigenous law is the law of the land on unceded territories, and traditional title-holders have the right to refuse access to their lands. Disregarding this ancient law in order to further expand fossil fuel production during a time of extreme climate crisis is irresponsible and unacceptable. Agents of the corporate state will face resistance if they continue to pursue resource colonialism during this climate emergency".
I hope everyone in Canada takes notice of this warning from people who are unfortunately facing the full militarized might of the Canadian government violence machine. Let's just repeat that warning:
Disregarding this ancient law in order to further expand fossil fuel production during a time of extreme climate crisis is irresponsible and unacceptable.
Somewhere or other our society seems to have got itself screwed up. Here we are with our many universities and civilized agencies, threatening, and not only threatening, but actually unleashing violence against unarmed people who are defending land that our Supreme Court has recognized as belonging to them, while our agents of destruction smash through their lands in bulldozers, to make way for pipelines to carry energy needed by our society for something or other. In this case, it appears it is needed beeause the owners want to sell it for a huge profit abroad.
Unfortunately the British Columbia government, having not long ago officially recognized the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), and declared it part of the law of the land, a declaration that provides that industry must have "free, prior, and informed consent" for any development being proposed for indigenous lands, has nevertheless collaborated in the invasion of the Wet'suwet'en lands by the builders of the pipeline, and of the use of governmental violence used against the peaceful protesters.
This is an argument that is likely to be played out across Canada in future years: the need for "free, prior and informed consent" given by indigenous people who lie in the path of any development, seems likely to clash with the Euro laws under which most projects are built. Indigenous leaders have said that they do not take from the UNDRIP formula that it gives them a veto over all development. At best though, it does give them the right to be consulted in advance, and to have arrived at a conclusion, hopefully a conclusion agreed with the developers, as to he conditions on which any work is done, or on where such work may be done.
And remember this: even if it does mean that they have the right to refuse projects, this would be no more than a mild form of payback for the indignities that were imposed on their people as the Europeans invaded Canada, and pushed the native people aside brutally, because they stood in the way of cutting down their forests, digging up their lands, robbing them of their heritage, and finally gathering most of them into small plots of land known as reserves, most of them on land so poor that thousands of them starved for want of any meaningful way to make a living.
Anyone wishing to support the Wet'suwet'en fight can contact the following:
E-Mail Communications Contact: info@IdleNoMore.ca
Sylvia McAdam, Idle No More Organizer, Cell: (306) 281-8158
Kanahus Manuel, Defenders of the Land, Spokesperson, Cell: (250) 852-3924
Russ Diabo, Truth Campaign, Spokesperson, Cell: (613) 296-0110
My Log 781, January 21 2020: Chronicles from my T...
<!--[if gte mso 9]> <![endif]--> <!--[if g...
My Log 780: January 9 2020: Chronicles from my Ten...
My Log 777: Jan 2 2020: Chronicles from my Tenth D...
My Log 776: January 1 2020; Chronicles from my Ten...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Does Expanding Nuclear Energy Contribute to the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons?
General Reference (not clearly pro or con)
The BBC in a Jan. 14, 2020 article, "Nuclear Weapons: Which Countries Have Them and How Many Are There?," available at bbc.com, stated
"Nuclear weapons release huge amounts of radiation – which can cause radiation sickness – so their actual impact lasts longer than the blast.
But they've only ever been used twice in history – against Japan in 1945 during World War Two where they caused huge devastation and enormous loss of life.
The radiation from the bomb dropped on the city of Hiroshima lasted several months and killed an estimated 80,000 people.
And the bomb dropped on Nagasaki killed more than 70,000 people.
They haven't been detonated in war since then.
Nine countries currently have nuclear weapons: the US, UK, Russia, France, China, India, Pakistan, Israel and North Korea."
PRO (yes)
The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, in a June 2018 report, "The Links between Nuclear Power and Nuclear Weapons," available at cnduk.org, stated:
"Nuclear weapons and nuclear power share several common features. The long list of links includes their histories, similar technologies, skills, health and safety aspects, regulatory issues and radiological research and development. For example, the process of enriching uranium to make it into fuel for nuclear power stations is also used to make nuclear weapons. Plutonium is a by-product of the nuclear fuel cycle and is still used by some countries to make nuclear weapons.
There is a danger that more nuclear power stations in the world could mean more nuclear weapons. Because countries like the UK are promoting the expansion of nuclear power, other countries are beginning to plan for their own nuclear power programmes too. But there is always the danger that countries acquiring nuclear power technology may subvert its use to develop a nuclear weapons programme. After all, the UK's first nuclear power stations were built primarily to provide fissile material for nuclear weapons during the Cold War. Nuclear materials may also get into the wrong hands and be used to make a crude nuclear device or a so-called 'dirty bomb.'"
Mark Z. Jacobson, PhD, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Director, Atmosphere/Energy Program, Stanford University, in a June 20, 2019 article, "The 7 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Not the Answer to Solve Climate Change," available at leonardodicaprio.org, stated:
"The growth of nuclear energy has historically increased the ability of nations to obtain or harvest plutonium or enrich uranium to manufacture nuclear weapons. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recognizes this fact. They concluded in the Executive Summary of their 2014 report on energy, with 'robust evidence and high agreement' that nuclear weapons proliferation concern is a barrier and risk to the increasing development of nuclear energy…
The building of a nuclear reactor for energy in a country that does not currently have a reactor allows the country to import uranium for use in the nuclear energy facility. If the country so chooses, it can secretly enrich the uranium to create weapons grade uranium and harvest plutonium from uranium fuel rods for use in nuclear weapons. This does not mean any or every country will do this, but historically some have and the risk is high, as noted by IPCC. The building and spreading of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) may increase this risk further."
International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, in a Sep. 2019 report, "How Nuclear Power Powers the Bomb," available at ippnw.org, stated:
"Of the 25 countries that are currently building or officially planning to build nuclear reactors, 23 either have nuclear weapons or have shown an interest in their development. Only Finland and Hungary had no ambitions to build nuclear weapons and yet invested in civil nuclear energy, while states with nuclear ambitions such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey or Iran are suspected of pursuing civil nuclear programmes with the main aim to develop military nuclear capabilities…
But despite the lack of effects on the climate crisis, economic disadvantages, detrimental ecological and health effects and staggering safety issues, a number of states are sticking to nuclear energy and are even investing in the development of new generations of nuclear reactors. Why do they do this?
The obvious answer is the capacity to develop military nuclear capabilities. For states which do not yet have nuclear weapons, promoting a civilian nuclear energy programme in order to acquire nuclear weapons makes sense."
Vladimir Kobezskii, analyst at ROSATOM State Corporation, and Elliot Serbin, research analyst at the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, in a June 20, 2019, article, "Will Nuclear Proliferation Challenges Limit a Significant Expansion of Global Nuclear Power?," available at thebulletin.org, stated:
"Beyond safety and security concerns, nuclear technologies pose proliferation risks. Nuclear technologies are dual-use; that is, they can be used for both civilian and military purposes. The domestic development of an ostensibly peaceful nuclear power program and the enrichment facilities needed to fuel it can provide the means for a non-nuclear weapons state to create nuclear weapons. Because nuclear power has significant benefits as an energy source, particularly in regard to the fight against climate change, and has a valuable role in other industries, such as nuclear medicine, it is important that the international community continue to manage proliferation risks in emerging nuclear countries.
The expansion of nuclear power could pose serious proliferation risks, but we believe that these risks can be managed. While a global expansion of nuclear power may provide existing non-nuclear weapons states with the means and motives to pursue a nuclear weapons program, these risks can be addressed adequately if the international community pursues policies that mitigate the technical, legal, and normative factors that most significantly drive the proliferation risks associated with commercial nuclear power. For this reason, we believe that the proliferation concerns should not be a decisive factor in limiting the expansion of nuclear power, especially given the potentially significant benefits of nuclear energy in regard to providing a large-scale reliable electricity source that helps combat climate change."
CON (no)
Nicholas L Miller, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College, in a Nov. 1, 2017 article, "Why Nuclear Energy Programs Rarely Lead to Proliferation," available at mitpressjournals.org, stated:
"The conventional wisdom suggests that states with nuclear energy programs are more likely to seek or acquire nuclear weapons. Yet there is a dearth of systematic empirical work that directly assesses this proposition. A systematic analysis of the historical evidence suggests that the link between nuclear energy programs and proliferation is overstated. Although such programs increase the technical capacity of a state to build nuclear weapons, they have important countervailing political effects that limit the odds of proliferation. Specifically, nuclear energy programs increase the likelihood that parallel nuclear weapons programs will be detected and face counterproliferation pressures; they also increase the costliness of nonproliferation sanctions. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, states with nuclear energy programs historically have not been significantly more likely to seek or acquire nuclear weapons."
Sico van der Meer, Research Fellow at the Clingendael Institute, in a 2016 article, "States' Motivations to Acquire or Forgo Nuclear Weapons: Four Factors of Influence," available at clingendael.org, stated:
"Since the invention and first use of nuclear weapons in 1945, predictions on the proliferation of these weapons have traditionally been overestimating. Despite all gloomy forecasts, only nine states nowadays are considered to possess nuclear weapons: the United States, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, France, Israel, India, Pakistan and North Korea. Although more states have operated nuclear weapons programmes at some point in the past 65 years – some experts argue that in total 39 states once engaged in nuclear weapons activities – most of them sooner or later gave up their ambition to acquire these weapons. Especially since the second half of the 1980s the number of states with nuclear weapons-related activities has become relatively low. Taking into account the historical trends, it looks like political and academic forecasts even nowadays tend to be overemphasizing the risks of further proliferation of nuclear weapons in the near future."
Ted Nordhaus, Cofounder and Executive Director of The Breakthrough Institute, in a May 14, 2017 article, "Time to Stop Confusing Nuclear Weapons with Nuclear Power," available at thehill.com, stated:
"Even among more open-minded observers, the tendency to conflate nuclear energy with nuclear weapons is hard to resist. Both technologies involve the release of energy from atomic reactions, and nuclear energy was originally developed by the U.S. Navy as a source of electricity to power submarines and aircraft carriers.
But it is also extremely misleading. Neither the physics nor the technologies are the same, nor are the institutions that manage the two technologies. Nuclear weapons today involve fusing two atoms together in an uncontrolled explosion. Nuclear energy involves harnessing the decay of naturally occurring radioactive elements in a slow and controlled reaction, creating heat that turns steam turbines.
Nuclear facilities such as Hanford are a legacy of the headlong rush to build enormous nuclear weapons arsenals at the height of the Cold War. Faced with an existential threat from an enemy who had promised to "bury" us, the developers of America's nuclear arsenal didn't worry too much about the toxic hangover in the rush to produce plutonium for new and ever more powerful weaponry. It wasn't until the end of the Cold War that the nation began to come to terms with the enormous legacy costs of cleaning up the weapons laboratories.
Nuclear energy, by contrast, has been tightly regulated from the beginning, originally by the Atomic Energy Commission and then by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The operators of civilian nuclear energy plants have been required to set aside funds for the decommissioning of nuclear plants and the disposal of waste for many decades."
Timothy A Frazier, former US Department of Energy employee, in a Mar. 2017 report, "The Role of Policy in Reviving and Expanding the United States' Global Nuclear Leadership," available energypolicy.columbia.org, stated:
"The United States should change it views on reprocessing [nuclear fuel] to be more in line with the rest of the world and resume leadership by acknowledging that reprocessing spent nuclear fuel is no longer the shortest path to a nuclear weapon and, in fact, a valid resource utilization and waste-management strategy. The United States could then play a more active role in the expansion of nuclear power around the world and interacting with those countries that have or may plan to—for energy security reasons of their own—reprocess…
This expanding leadership and expanding capabilities are vital to enable a strong presence across the globe as the use of nuclear power continues to grow in countries that have nuclear power and those that are new to the use of nuclear power..
The United States can become the preeminent global nuclear leader. The United States may even, in time, be able to pursue a global expansion of nuclear power that improves energy security and access for presently impoverished populations, just as Eisenhower argued in 1953. It will simply take a commitment of the president and Congress to make it so. To not make the commitment now will see the global nuclear leadership of the United States continue to dim."
ProCon.org. (2020, October 5). Does Expanding Nuclear Energy Contribute to the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons? Retrieved from https://alternativeenergy.procon.org/questions/does-expanding-nuclear-energy-contribute-to-the-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/
ProCon.org, "Does Expanding Nuclear Energy Contribute to the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons?," ProCon.org. last modified October 5, 2020. https://alternativeenergy.procon.org/questions/does-expanding-nuclear-energy-contribute-to-the-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/.
ProCon.org, "Does Expanding Nuclear Energy Contribute to the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons?" ProCon.org. 5 Oct. 2020, alternativeenergy.procon.org/questions/does-expanding-nuclear-energy-contribute-to-the-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/
ProCon.org. "Does Expanding Nuclear Energy Contribute to the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons?" ProCon.org. Last modified on October 5, 2020. Accessed January 15, 2021. https://alternativeenergy.procon.org/questions/does-expanding-nuclear-energy-contribute-to-the-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/


text:
Minneapolis 511790542
Police arrest 18-year-old suspect in 2015 slaying of popular north Minneapolis activist
Neighborhood 'forever changed' by violent death of prominent activist
By Libor Jany Star Tribune
June 25, 2019 — 9:36pm
Video (03:38) : Police announce arrest of suspect in 2015 slaying of popular north Minneapolis activist. The high-profile slaying remained unsolved for four years.
An 18-year-old man has been arrested and charged with the 2015 home invasion murder of Susan Spiller, a prominent north Minneapolis community activist and artist whose death shocked the city with its brutality and seeming randomness.
At a City Hall news conference Tuesday, officials said they arrested the teenager. But, because he was 14 at the time of the murder, officials said they could not go into details of the case, including information on a motive. The suspect, who made his first court appearance Tuesday, has been held at a juvenile facility since his arrest the day before.
Prosecutors are seeking to certify him as an adult because of the seriousness of the crime. Until then, court proceedings must remain private, officials said.
At the news conference, Police Chief Medaria Arradondo singled out the doggedness with which the three assigned detectives — Sgts. Ann Kjos, Luis Porras and Chris Karakostas, with more than 35 years of combined Homicide Unit experience between them — pursued the case. Investigators eventually linked a set of fingerprints found at the scene to the suspect, who had recently been arrested in an unrelated crime, officials said. "This team of devoted and experienced detectives never gave up on this case," he said.
Authorities on Tuesday released few other details about the circumstances of Spiller's death, but said forensic evidence put the suspect at the scene.
"That did not happen until just recently, and it came up after the suspect turned 18 and those fingerprints were taken up in an unrelated case," said Tom Arneson of the Hennepin County Attorney's Office.
Glen Stubbe, Star Tribune
Tom Arneson, managing attorney for the Hennepin County Attorney's Office juvenile division, spoke at a press conference to announce the arrest of a suspect in the 2015 murder of Susan Spiller. Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo listened.
News of Spiller's death rocked the normally placid Lind-Bohanan neighborhood that she called home.
"That neighborhood was forever changed," Arradondo said, offering his condolences to members of Spiller's family, including son Jason, who mounted a monthslong crusade to find his mother's killer. "Ms. Spiller was an artist and a community activist — while her death shocked many, it was Susan Spiller's life and spirit that has inspired her community and our entire city of Minneapolis."
Spiller, a friend of former longtime City Council Member Barb Johnson, was killed during an apparent home invasion on the morning of July 16, 2015. Her body was found by officers who described a gruesome scene inside her modest wood-frame house in the 5100 block of Dupont Avenue N. Her injuries were so extensive that medical examiners were unable to pinpoint a precise cause of death, ruling instead that she died of "complex violence."
The case languished for years, with a police reward for information going unclaimed.
Meanwhile, the investigation continued. Detectives targeted several suspects, but each was ruled out early on. Police briefly eyed a teenager with a long history of run-ins with the law but didn't immediately interview him because investigators couldn't locate him. They also questioned a neighbor with whom Spiller had apparently had a confrontation shortly before her death that left her shaken and fearful.
The announcement Tuesday came shortly after the sentencing of a man in another high-profile cold case: the killing of Lorri Mesedahl, 17, whose body was found in a North Side rail yard in 1983 after she had been strangled and brutally beaten. Her killer, Darrell Rea, was sentenced Tuesday to more than 10 years in prison for her death.
Libor Jany is the Minneapolis crime reporter for the Star Tribune. He joined the newspaper in 2013, after stints in newsrooms in Connecticut, New Jersey, California and Mississippi. He spent his first year working out of the paper's Washington County bureau, focusing on transportation and education issues, before moving to the Dakota County team.
libor.jany@startribune.com 612-673-4064 StribJany
State + Local
Claire Wilson and Charles Johnson rescinded their resignations.
A barrage of recent storms flooding streets, swamping basements and casting parked cars afloat is adding to one of the soggiest years on record.
Conversations around racism and who counts as an American are springing up.
Woman injured in fall at Gooseberry Falls dies, her family says
Rebecca Nara's family wrote that she had been rock climbing at Gooseberry and suffered a severe brain injury in the fall.
The parkway between Washington Av. and Arlington St. will likely remain closed through the weekend.
2015: North Minneapolis artist, activist killed during suspected home invasion
Mudslide closes part of East River Parkway in Minneapolis • Minneapolis
Minneapolis chief wants to add 400 street cops by 2025 • Minneapolis
Bus-only lanes coming to parts of three avenues in Minneapolis • Minneapolis
Rain falls fast and hard, causing street flooding in Twin Cities • Minneapolis
On troubled north Mpls. corner, drugs flow and neighbors worry • Minneapolis


text:
Nicole Borromeo Wiki, Biography, Age, Biodata, Education, Parents, Height, Birthday & BB Pilipinas 2022
Prajwal Furtado July 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 07 mins
Nicole Borromeo Wiki, Biography, Age, Biodata, Education, Parents, Height, Birthday & BB Pilipinas 2022: Nicole Borromeo is a popular Filipino Model and a Beauty pageant title holder. On July 31, 2022 Nicole Borromeo was crowned Binibining Pilipinas International 2022. After this, people searched for who is Nicole Borromeo BB Pilipinas 2022. Nicole Borromeo wiki details are available in this article and we are here to provide you with all the details about Binibining Pilipinas 2022 swimsuit photos and Nicole Borromeo birthday. Nicole Borromeo was born in Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines, Nicole Borromeo was born on December 12, 2000, and Nicole Borromeo Age 21 years as of 2022. If you want to know a little bit more about Nicole Borromeo Instagram, bio, and latest news and career then keep reading this article.
Source: Nicole Borromeo
Nicole Borromeo Age, Nationality, Zodiac Sign, Ethnicity, and Many More.
Nicole Borromeo Wiki and Career
Nicole Borromeo Early Life and Education Qualification
Nicole Borromeo Biography and Wiki
Nicole Borromeo Height and Weight
Nicole Borromeo Net Worth
Nicole Borromeo Social Media
Nicole Borromeo Parents and Siblings
Nicole Borromeo Marital Status
Lesser known facts about Nicole Borromeo
Nicole Borromeo (FAQ) – Frequently Asked Questions
If you want to know about Nicole Borromeo's age, zodiac sign, ethnicity, and more, then keep reading this article. Nicole Borromeo age 21 years old as of 2022 and Nicole Borromeo's Nationality is Filipino, Nicole Borromeo's zodiac sign is Not Known, and Nicole Borromeo's ethnicity is Not Known.
Nicole Borromeo is a popular Filipino Model and a Beauty pageant title holder. On July 31, 2022, Nicole Borromeo was crowned Binibining Pilipinas International 2022 and next Nicole Borromeo will represent the Philippines at Miss International 2023. On October 14, 2017, Nicole Borromeo was crowned Miss Silka Cebu 2017 and she also participated in the Miss Mandaue 2018 On May 6, 2018, and she finished runner-up.
After that, she was crowned Sinulog Festival Queen 2019 On January 18, 2019, and later she represented Cebu at the Miss Millennial Philippines 2019. After that, she qualified for the rounds for Miss Teen Philippines 2019 and after that, she participated in the Reyna ng Aliwan 2019. On May 8, 2019, she represented Carcar City, Cebu at Miss Teen Philippines 2019. She represented Carcar City, Cebu at Miss Teen Philippines 2019 on May 8, 2019, and finished second runner-up. On October 26, 2019, she was crowned Miss Millenial Philippines 2019. Nicole Borromeo was also crowned Miss Millenial Philippines 2019 On October 26, 2019.
Nicole Borromeo was born on December 12, 2000, in Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines, and in 2022 her age was 21 years. Nicole Borromeo went to a Cebu Doctors' University in Mandaue City, Cebu, and after that Nicole Borromeo attended The University of San Carlos' School of Architecture Fine Arts and Design. Nicole Borromeo started her modeling career at a very young age and her parents always supported her in her career. Nicole Borromeo came to the limelight when she was crowned Binibining Pilipinas International 2022.
Full Name Nicole Yance Borromeo
Nick Name Nicole
Popular As Nicole Borromeo
Birthday December 12
Birthplace Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines
Hometown Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines
Nationality Filipino
Profession Model and a Beauty Pageant Title Holder
School Name Cebu Doctors' University in Mandaue City
College Name The University of San Carlos' School of Architecture Fine Arts and Design.
Current Residence Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines
Nicole Borromeo Wiki
Nicole Borromeo
Nicole Borromeo's height is approx 5 feet 8 inches tall, which is in centimeters it's 172 cm and in meters, it's 1.72 m and has Brown hair and Brown eyes, Nicole Borromeo's weight is approx 55 kg, in pounds which is 121 lbs. This is just an estimation made by watching Nicole Borromeo's pictures.
Nicole Borromeo is a popular Filipino Model and a Beauty pageant title holder. On July 31, 2022, Nicole Borromeo was crowned Binibining Pilipinas International 2022, and her estimated net worth as of 2022 is Not Known.
Instagram @nicole.borromeo
Twitter @mmphcebu2019
Facebook Nicole Borromeo
TikTok Nicole Borromeo
Nicole Borromeo was born to her father Mr. Borromeo. and mother Mrs. Borromeo. Nicole Borromeo lives a very private life, she hasn't revealed her parents' and siblings' names.
Also Read:- Jeremy Parisi Wiki, Birthday, Age, Biography, Net Worth, Height, Job, Movies & Nationality
Nicole Borromeo's marital status is unmarried. as per her social media she is single and she is not dating anyone and she is currently focusing on her career.
Nicole Borromeo's birthplace is Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines
Nicole Borromeo's hometown is in Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines
Nicole Borromeo's birthdate is December 12, 2000
Nicole Borromeo's age as of 2022 – 21 years
Nicole Borromeo celebrates her birthday on; December 12
Nicole Borromeo's current residency is in Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City, Philippines
Tagged: Nicole Borromeo Nicole Borromeo Age nicole borromeo bb pilipinas 2022 Nicole Borromeo Bio Nicole Borromeo Biodata Nicole Borromeo Biography Nicole Borromeo Birthday Nicole Borromeo Birthplace Nicole Borromeo Boyfriend Nicole Borromeo Education Nicole Borromeo Family Nicole Borromeo Height Nicole Borromeo Instagram Nicole Borromeo Net Worth Nicole Borromeo Parents Nicole Borromeo Profile Nicole Borromeo School Nicole Borromeo Wiki Nicole Borromeo Wikipedia
Previous: Jeremy Parisi Wiki, Birthday, Age, Biography, Net Worth, Height, Job, Movies & Nationality
Next: Bill Russell Wife Marilyn Nault Wiki, Age, Biography, Death, Cause Of Death, Family


text:
In memoriam: Gary Coleman of the Capital City Mountain Goats
12 January 2023 | Di Hutchens | Feature Stories
Gary Coleman December 1948 – November 2022
It is with great sadness that we announce the passing of our dear friend and dedicated and loyal club member. Gary was easy going, very friendly and would do anything for anyone. He was born and raised in Pennsylvania moving to California with the Air Force, he then became a Sacramento County Probation Officer for 28 years. He was a proud father and loved his two grandsons. He was a friend of the Goat's for 6 years before becoming a 20-year member. He served as 1st Vice President in 2018 and served as our President in 2019 and 2020. He was a frequent Trailmaster with some of his favorite trails being Cody Meadows and Hell Hole during the Grand Four-Wheel Drive Excursion and Epicurean Extravaganza. He was awarded Participant of the Year as well as the Rob Irvine Four-Wheeler of the Year awards. He was also an avid sports fan and cheered for the 49ers and SF Giants. His happy place was hunting, four-wheeling, and camping with his friends of which there were many. Around the campfire looking into the nighttime sky, he could easily name every constellation. He was fun! He will be dearly missed by his club The Capital City Mountain Goat Four Wheel Drive Club.
He was laid to rest at the California Valley National Cemetery in Dixon on 12/21/2022 with military honors and there will be a Celebration of Life on 3/11/2023 from 2:00 – 6:00 PM at Arden Park. All are welcome to attend.
Joaquin Jeepers Crab Feed
04:00 PM - 11:00 PM Stockton Ballroom, 9650 Thornton Rd, Stockton, CA 95209, USA
Cal4Wheel Convention
Lamp Liter Inn, 3300 W Mineral King Ave, Visalia, CA 93291, USA
Stockton Ballroom, 9650 Thornton Rd, Stockton, CA 95209, USA
Join us for a fun-filled night, while helping our cause to keep trails clean, maintained and open! All you can eat crab, tritip, pasta, salad, and bread with dessert. Full bar, prize raffle, 50/50. DJ with music and dancing after dinner and raffles.
Doors open at 4PM, close at 11PM. Tickets available starting October 1, 2022 at https://joaquin-jeepers.company.site
Download the flyer at https://cal4wheel.com/documents/Joaquin-Jeepers-crab-feed-2023.pdf
17 FebFeb
Celebrating our 64th annual Convention/Annual Meeting. Check https://cal4wheel.com/convention for details.
The East Mojave Heritage Trail
Mike Hardy reports on High Sierra Poker Run 2020
Kingsburg club to the rescue
New Tuffy #358 locking lid for Jeep Wrangler JL
Jim & Shirley's ride goes awry
Cal4Wheel state treasurer's report for January 2023
Request for proposals announced for association contractors
North District membership chair - 2022 in review
Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Recreation Division announces grant workshop January 9-10
Update from the president - December 5, 2022


The sound of "meow" is not able to transfer a huge variety of sounds feline lexicon.
All these cats sounds you will find in our new game – Talk to Your Cat.
You can save any cats sound on the memory card to a folder Talk_To_Your_Cat. To do this, click on the arrow.
You can simply listen and to cheer up, send to your friends, because it's just an MP3 file.


text:
Калла́к (, ) — коммуна во Франции, находится в регионе Бретань, департамент Кот-д'Армор, округ Генган, центр кантона Каллак.  Расположена приблизительно в 430 км к западу от Парижа, в 135 км западнее Ренна, в 55 км к западу от Сен-Бриё, в 26 км от национальной автомагистрали N12 и в 21 км от национальной магистрали N164. На территории коммуны находится железнодорожная станция Каллак линии Генган — Каре-Плугер.

Население (2019) — 2 229 человек.

История
В XII веке в Каллаке на краю каменистого мыса в месте слияния речек Пон-ар-Во и Йер был возведен замок, который обеспечивал защиту местным жителям. Во время войны за бретонское наследство он неоднократно осаждался, а в 1393 году король Франции Карл VI, видивший в нем потенциальную проблему для королевской власти, приказал снести замок. Руины замка перешли к бенедиктинскому аббатствe Кемперле. Во время Религиозных войн они служили укрытием для сторонников короля, которые использовали их, чтобы грабить соседние коммуны. В 1619 году начался упорядоченный процесс разбора замка, его камни были использованы для строительства нескольких мельниц, церкви Нотр-Дам в Ботмеле и часовни Святой Екатерины в центре коммуны.

Во время Второй мировой войны в Каллаке и его окрестностях действовала крупная группировка Движения Сопротивления; несколько десятков местных жителей были расстреляны или направлены в концентрационные лагеря.

Достопримечательности
 Руины церкви Нотр-Дам (XVI век). Исторический памятник с 1927 года
 Приходская церковь Святого Лаврентия XIX века
 Галло-римский мост

Экономика
Структура занятости населения:
 сельское хозяйство — 7,5 %
 промышленность — 2,1 %
 строительство — 7,6 %
 торговля, транспорт и сфера услуг — 37,6 %
 государственные и муниципальные службы — 45,2 %

Уровень безработицы (2018) — 17,6 % (Франция в целом —  13,4 %, департамент Кот-д'Армор — 11,5 %).
Среднегодовой доход на 1 человека, евро (2018) — 18 170 (Франция в целом — 21 730, департамент Кот-д'Армор — 21 230).

В 2007 году среди 1140 человек в трудоспособном возрасте (15—64 лет) 674 были экономически активными, 466 — неактивными (показатель активности — 59,1 %, в 1999 году было 55,0 %). Из 674 активных работали 623 человека (341 мужчина и 282 женщины), безработных было 51 (28 мужчин и 23 женщины). Среди 466 неактивных 85 человек были учениками или студентами, 223 — пенсионерами, 158 были неактивными по другим причинам.

Демография

Динамика численности населения, чел.

Администрация
Пост мэра Каллака с 2018 года занимает Жан-Ив Роллан (Jean-Yves Rolland). На муниципальных выборах 2020 года возглавляемый им левый список победил в 1-м туре, получив 59,68 % голосов.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Национальный институт статистики
 Результаты муниципальных выборов 2014 года

Галерея

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Between 120 and 150 people gathered on October 3 for the Life Chain, which Christian Citizens for Life organized in cooperation with the National Life Chain. After a hiatus of over a decade, Bloomington saw the Life Chain tradition re-established in 2008.
The Life Chain stretched about a third of a mile for an hour on Sunday, from the edge of St. Charles Catholic Church to the Korean United Methodist Church. As I took my place on the east end of the chain, I was standing near the spot where neo-Nazi terrorist Benjamin Smith murdered Indiana University student Won Joon Yoon as he was heading into church on the Fourth of July.
As I watched traffic go by, I was struck by the irony. The Bloomington community came together to mourn the senseless murder with a memorial service that brought a cabinet member in the Clinton Administration to visit. It was truly a memorable event, and demonstrates the love and compassion this city is capable of showing.
A mile and a half away, we see the depths of cruelty humanity is capable of, as innocent unborn babies are killed by dismemberment for profit by the "doctor" at Planned Parenthood. The same community that stood against senseless brutality by a neo-Nazi terrorist at best turns a blind eye to several hundred murders each and every year. At worst, we actively support this slaughter through our elected officials on the City Council and the County Council and their shameful votes to subsidize a business built on the blood of innocents.
This cruelty needs to stop, and we should protect all innocent human life.


A new year is right around the corner, and that means it's time for a fresh start. Do you know what you want in 2019?
When looking ahead to the new year it's important to reflect on things you can do better, or would want to do in a new way. You may even want to try new things and branch out further than before. Whichever category you find yourself in, it's important to ask yourself the right questions to point you in your journey.
It's also important to listen to your body. You body knows more about what you do and don't really want, and it's up to you to trust your instinct.
3. What am I good at?
4. What do I truly enjoy?
5. What is the most important thing to me in life?
6. How do I define success?
7. What do I want to try, but never had the courage to do?
8. What is one habit I want to exchange?
9. What do I want to manifest in the new year?
10. What do I want more of in my life?
Whether it's to lose weight, quit a bad habit, make more money, or try a new hobby you've always wanted to, but wasn't quite brave enough, now is the time.
You're never too old to reach for the stars and become the best person you were meant to be. The first step is the hardest, and you only need to create action in order to reach your destination. Are you ready?
Barbizon St. Louis Model & Talent can help you become the best version of yourself, and YOU just need to take the next step! Please contact us today to learn more and find out about upcoming audition times. Reserve your space now!


We can "what if" this to death.
The statement was made that "im not showing my form 1 to anyone but an BATFE agent." I simply pointed out the idiocy of that idea.
Take it for what its worth or not. I dont care.
Flatliner, if you don't get your paperwork back you can always buy a Franklin Armory Reformation and take it anywhere.
Although now that I think about it, that may be the perfect short range sub gun for those who insist on hunting with non expanding bullets.
bangbangping wrote: Flatliner, if you don't get your paperwork back you can always buy a Franklin Armory Reformation and take it anywhere.
Well, I must say I got my fair share of amusement today reading this thread.
Apparently, according to some folks, if I get pulled over for a traffic violation I can refuse to show the police my driver's license. It's their responsibility to prove that I'm driving without one, eh?


text:
First fleeting look at the main characters of 'Justice League'
Aquaman & Flash Movies Will Continue Justice League Story - movieweb.com
The mega-budget film is in its final works — several new posters and a trailer have been released.
by Julia Morgan
May 3, 2017 at 1:18 PM May 3, 2017 at 1:18 PM
Warner Bros. has released several new posters and a trailer from "Justice League" to create excitement among fans. According to Indie Wire, Paul McGuigan is new to the film, while James Gunn, Zoe Saldana, Theo James, Christina Aguilera, Mathew Gray and Rashida Jones are returning from the previous installment. The new trailer and stills show Zoe, Theo, Christina, James, and Rashida in a weird mood. "Justice League" is based on the DC Comics superhero of the same name, and will hit the global cinemas on November 17, 2017.
'Justice League' – the film
"Justice League" is one of the most anticipated Hollywood movies. it is directed and co-produced by Zack Snyder, with story and dialogues penned by Chris Terrio. In October 2014, Warner Bros. officially announced the movie with Snyder serving as co-producer and Terrio writing the story and dialogues. Principal photography began in April 2016 and concluded in October 2016.
The development and sequel
In 2015, Warner Bros. recruited Michele and Kieran Mulroney to pen the script of a "Justice League" film. The same year, George Miller was hired to direct the movie, and production budget was announced to be $220 million. At least 30 actors and actresses were auditioned for the superhero characters, including Michael Angarano, Joseph Cross, Max Thieriot, Scott Porter and Adrianne Palicki.
"Justice League" will be released in 2D and IMAX 3D formats. Months after the event of "Batman v Superman," Diana and Bruce team up to fight against the villain, Steppenwolf, and his army. They include Barry, Arthur, and Victor in their group of superhumans.
Filming took place at Fox Studios Australia in Sydney, with other locations scouted in Canada, England, Turkey, and Los Angeles.
In March 2016, Hans Zimmer was hired to compose the musical score of "Justice League." Previously, he wrote the score for blockbusters "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice," and "Man of Steel."
Icons. Legends. Heroes. #JusticeLeague #NationalSuperheroDay pic.twitter.com/qkGFu2mgK5
— Justice League (@justiceleagueuk) April 28, 2017
In June 2016, it was announced that Junkie XL had replaced Hans Zimmer due to the salary issues.
Also, there were rumors that Zimmer had composed the wrong soundtrack for the film, which is why the director replaced him in no time.
With Superman The League is complete.
Join the League! My new poster of #JusticeLeague 💪@ZackSnyder @justiceleaguewb @LigaJusticia_ES pic.twitter.com/BuzDsfdfPT
— Mikhail Villarreal🦇 (@TaurooAldebaran) April 30, 2017
A sequel is scheduled to be released on June 14, 2019. Earlier this month, it was rumored that the sequel is delayed to accommodate the release of a "Batman" film. The filmmaker has refused to comment anything in this regard. However, it has been confirmed that Charles Roven will produce the sequel, with Zack Snyder serving as director.
RT .ComicBook: Never Forget: New #JusticeLeague Website Launched https://t.co/ZynWvnAAxH pic.twitter.com/tZkNukd3ob
— Never Forget Bot (@forgetmebot) April 23, 2017
Read more on the same topic from Julia Morgan:
How to treat alveolar osteitis in a few days? How to treat Blepharitis at home? Which are the best foods for liver health?
A. Nazdrowie
Blasting News recommends Julian Edelman now roots for Tom Brady, celebrates Bucs win over Eagles as he wins bet Tom Brady still feels like a '14-year-old kid' when he throws a perfect pass Eagles DC calls Tom Brady a 'trained killer' says TB12 poses a 'big-time challenge' Mike Evans on Tom Brady: 'He's the greatest football mind we've ever seen' Four best movies coming to theaters in May 2017 Steve Harvey is moving his talk show to Los Angeles but leaving staff behind


The Arts thrive on melting pots and diversities, as does science and innovations. In fact that Bohemia energy can be essential for renewals and creativity.
Never mind our science and medicine - the creative industries are the UKs biggest export. They rely on collaborations and inter-connections to other cultures. Creativity has boomed since Europeans came here and some of the best people came here. Art is often encouraged by different voices.
Ken Loach's funding comes from Europe and there is a lot of funding from France. Good films are not being commissioned here. The award-winning film director Ken Loach – said in a recent tv interview that his tv docudrama 'Cathy come Home'(1766) would not get made today. It would be stopped, he said, and it wouldn't even get passed the script stage.
We are not telling our stories and not being heard, he claimed.
Perhaps the rest of England is also fed up with all the focus and resources heading to London too?


Is Canned Dog Food Better Than Kibble?
Kibble is good for Ralphie's dental health, but canned food has benefits, too.
If you buy a quality dog food, whether canned or dry, it will provide the nutrition your dog needs. The first ingredient on the list should be an identifiable source of protein, like beef, chicken or lamb. In addition to protein, the food should contain fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. To ensure the food you choose is healthy and nutritious, look for an endorsement by the American Association of Feed Control Officials on the label.
Kibble is the popular choice among pet parents for feeding dogs. The cost is a consideration, as kibble is less expensive than canned food, and it's easy to store. Kibble is nutritionally efficient, meaning there'll be less waste to clean up in the yard and it's good for Ralphie's dental health because it scrapes his teeth clean as he chews.
Canned food has a higher moisture content than kibble. This can be an advantage over dry food if Ralphie is prone to urinary tract infections. And if he's overweight, you can feed him more canned food than kibble because it has less calories by volume. That means your dog will think he's eating as much or more, but he'll be getting the same or even less calories than with dry food.
If preservatives in Ralphie's food is a concern, you'll probably want to choose canned food. Dry kibble is made to be stored at room temperature, and is capable of lasting anywhere from 12 to 18 months because of the large amount of preservatives used in making it. Canned food will last quite awhile, too, as long as it remains unopened. Having the smallest amount of preservatives, though, canned food may only be good for as little as 30 minutes at room temperature. Canned food should be kept in the fridge after opening and used within a couple of days.
Your dog may find the taste of kibble unappealing and become bored with it quickly. Canned food, on the other hand, is more fragrant and therefore more appetizing. If Ralphie is a finicky pooch, canned food could be effective in stimulating his appetite. You can always compromise and mix the two together. Give your dog a kibble to canned ratio of nine to one. He'll get the benefits of kibble with the flavor he's craving from canned and it won't cost much more than if you were feeding him kibble exclusively.


text:
versions of Structure of Early Civilizations: main | yours | all
Structure of Early Civilizations
celine's version from 2018-07-05 18:47
Agreement; in the Judeo-Christian heritage, an agreement between God and humankind. Covenant
A system of writing originating in Mesopotamia in which a wedge-shaped stylus was used to press symbols into clay. Cuneiform
A diaspora is any movement of the citizens of a population sharing the same ethnic descent. Diaspora (An example, of a Diaspora in history can be when Jews decided to live outside of Palestine, after the babylonians took control)
A system of picture writing used in Egypt. Hieroglyphics
One of many subcastes in the Hindu caste system Jati
The concept developed by the Zhou dynasty that the deity granted a dynasty the right to rule and took away that right if the dynasty did not rule wisely. Mandate of heaven
Referring to a social system in which descent and inheritance are traced through the mother Matrilineal
The belief in one god Monotheism
Animal bones or shells used by Chinese priests to receive messages from the gods. Oracle bones
Pertaining to a social system in which the father is the head of the family. Patriarchal
An Egyptian monarch Pharaoh
The belief in many gods Polytheism
Toltec deity; Feathered Serpent; adopted by Aztecs as a major god Quetzalcóatl
The moral law of the Hebrews. Ten Commandments
A government ruled by God or by Church leaders theocracy
The first five books of the Jewish scripture Torah
The social division in Hindu society that fell in rank below the caste system; it was occupied by those who carried out undesirable occupations such as undertaking, butchering, and waste collection. Untouchables
A caste in the Hindu caste system Varna
The oral hymns to the Aryan deities, later written down, that formed the basis of the Hindu beliefs during the Vedic Age (1500–500 B.C.E.). Vedas
Jehovah, the god of the Jews. Yahweh
A multitiered pyramid constructed by Mesopotamians ziggurat
The Egyptian civilization was similar to the Sumerian civilization in (B) its system of social stratification
The earliest civilizations in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres were similar in (D) their practice of polytheism
The Indus valley civilization (A) relied heavily on communal planning
The early civilization with the least-developed technology was (A) Mesoamerican
The roots of classical India included (D) Vedic traditional literature
Shang China (C) contributed to the development of central government in China
Early societies of South America (A) were challenged by geographic limitations
Results of cultural diffusion among early civilizations included (B) the legend of Quetzalcóatl
The Egyptian civilization was similar to the Sumerian civilization in (A) its reliance on natural defense barriers (B) its system of social stratification (C) its political structure (D) the extent to which its culture was diffused (B) its system of social stratification Both Egypt and Sumer had societies comprising various social classes of the elite, peasants, and slaves. Whereas Egypt enjoyed natural defense barriers, Sumer did not (A). Sumer was governed by kings of local city-states, whereas the Egyptian pharaoh was the supreme ruler (C). Although the Egyptians largely developed themselves culturally, Sumerian culture was widely diffused by later conquerors (D).
The earliest civilizations in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres were similar in (A) their location at similar latitudes (B) their technological knowledge (C) their reliance on the flooding of major rivers in their midst (D) their practice of polytheism (D) their practice of polytheism All the earliest agricultural civilizations worshipped many gods. They were located in different latitudes (A) and enjoyed different levels of technology (B). The civilizations of the Western Hemisphere did not rely on the flooding of rivers (C).
The Indus valley civilization (A) relied heavily on communal planning (B) is best studied through its written records (C) was isolated from other river valley civilizations because of surrounding mountains (D) declined after the arrival of Aryan invaders (A) relied heavily on communal planning The presence of granaries and well-planned street grids in the cities of the Harappan civilization of the Indus valley is evidence of considerable community planning. The writing of the Harappan civilization is so far undecipherable (B). Indus valley peoples bypassed mountain barriers and traded by sea (C). Their civilization had already declined markedly before the arrival of the Aryans (D).
The early civilization with the least-developed technology was (A) Mesoamerican (B) Harappan (C) Egyptian (D) Sumerian (A) Mesoamerican Early Mesoamerican civilizations did not even have the knowledge of the wheel, whereas the other civilizations mentioned did not have to rely only on human muscle for construction or irrigation projects.
The roots of classical India included (A) the Aryan written language, or Sanskrit (B) the egalitarian Aryan society (C) Aryan agricultural knowledge (D) Vedic traditional literature (D) Vedic traditional literature The traditions of the Vedas became an integral part of Indian society. Sanskrit, the language of the Aryans, was originally an oral language only (A). Aryan society consisted of a number of classes based on skin color, which would become the foundation of the Hindu caste system (B). Aryans were nomadic peoples who learned of agriculture from the Dravidian people of India (C).
Shang China (A) left no decipherable written records (B) was prevented by natural barriers from trading with other early civilizations (C) contributed to the development of central government in China (D) was less urbanized than the Nile valley civilization (C) contributed to the development of central government in China The Shang brought the settlements of northern China under the control of a centralized government. The Shang were the first Chinese dynasty to leave written records (A). Although natural barriers lessened trade, the Shang carried out some trade with South Asia and Southwest Asia (B). A number of cities arose in China under the Shang (D).
Early societies of South America (A) were challenged by geographic limitations (B) developed societies that had no knowledge of metals (C) traded widely with regions to their north (D) built upon Mesoamerican cultural traditions (A) were challenged by geographic limitations The rugged Andean terrain hindered political unity. Early South American societies were organized into local governments (A) and knew the use of copper (B). Trade with the north was limited because of geographical barriers (C), preventing South American societies from building upon the traditions of Mesoamerica (D).
Results of cultural diffusion among early civilizations included (A) the invention of the wheel (B) the legend of Quetzalcóatl (C) the cultivation of potatoes (D) Harappan sewage systems (B) the legend of Quetzalcóatl The legend of Quetzalcóatl diffused throughout early Mesoamerican cultures and civilizations. The invention of the wheel (A) was an independent contribution of the Sumerians. The cultivation of potatoes (C) was limited to the early Andean societies and civilizations. Harappan sewage systems (D) were unique to the people of the Indus valley civilization.
Pages linking here (main versions and versions by same user)
No other pages link to this page. See Linking Quickstart for more info.


text:
What New York City Looked Like the Year You Were Born
Ah New York City, the urban epicenter that rules the world—or so every New Yorker thinks. Take a look back in time to see what the influential melting pot looked like the year you were born and how it has transformed into the visionary, yet raw and real, city that you know and love today.
Pages: Page 1, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, Page 5, Page 6, Page 7, Page 8, Page 9, Page 10, Page 11, Page 12, Page 13, Page 14, Page 15, Page 16, Page 17, Page 18, Page 19, Page 20, Page 21, Page 22, Page 23, Page 24, Page 25, Page 26, Page 27, Page 28, Page 29, Page 30, Page 31, Page 32, Page 33, Page 34, Page 35, Page 36, Page 37, Page 38, Page 39, Page 40, Page 41, Page 42, Page 43, Page 44, Page 45, Page 46, Page 47, Page 48, Page 49, Page 50, Page 51, Page 52, Page 53, Page 54, Page 55, Page 56, Page 57, Page 58, Page 59, Page 60, Page 61, Page 62, Page 63, Page 64, Page 65, Page 66, Page 67, Page 68, Page 69
PrevPREV20 Photos from World War 2 That You Have Never Seen Before
NEXTRemember These 50 Things That Happened in 1970s?Next


Primo Lanterns' Vicksburg copper outdoor lantern comes with an antique copper finish and can be custom ordered below.
27" x 12.25", 30.75" x 15.25", 35.75" x 19.75"
Primo Gas and Electric Lanterns offers the industry's most popular styles and offers quick delivery. The Vicksburg LED Outdoor Lantern by Primo is finely crafted of 22 gauge copper that wears a hand applied antique finish and will withstand many years of use. The most classic and versatile design in gas and electric lanterns, this jewel can be found from the streets of Charleston, South Carolina to the historical districts of New Orleans. Tempered glass is standard on all models. Each Primo Lantern is CSA design certified for outdoor gas use or UL certified for electric use. The Vicksburg Lantern by Primo is available with several different mounting options and is available as gas lanterns or electric lantern.
Vicksburg LED Electric Copper Lantern by Primo.


Class attendees will learn about the ecological concepts and theories most relevant to restoration project development, design, and implementation in order to increase the resistance and resilience of their own restoration projects.
They will learn ways in which ecological concepts and theories can be practically applied using local and global restoration projects as examples. Attendees will be given time to discuss challenges in the context of their own projects, and possible solutions to apply to future projects.
Class attendees will leave better able to apply to ecological concepts to project design, site maintenance, and unexpected conditions impacting their project sites.


text:
\section{Introduction}
The iron chalcogenide superconductor FeSe has garnered significant attention for its high tunability of the superconducting transition temperature ($T_\mathrm{c}$).
Although the onset $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  ($T_\mathrm{c}^\mathrm{onset}$) of bulk FeSe is 9 K at ambient pressure \cite{Hsu_2008}, it is highly enhanced by various methods.
For instance, $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  increases to 38 K by applying hydrostatic pressure \cite{Mizuguchi2008,Sun2016}.
The doping of electrons by intercalation \cite{Guo_2010,Shi_2018} or the electric field effect \cite{Lei_2016,Shiogai_2016,Wang_2016,Hanzawa_2016,Kouno_2018, Shikama_2020,Shikama_2021} increases $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  to 50 K.
In particular, zero resistivity below 46 K is realized in  \cite{Shikama_2020,Shikama_2021}.
Furthermore, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements reported that a monolayer FeSe film on $\mathrm{SrTiO_{3}}$ (STO) \cite{Wang_2012,He_2013} exhibited gap opening at the Fermi level below 65 K, which has been interpreted as a manifestation of superconductivity.
The $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  enhancement in monolayer FeSe on STO (FeSe/STO) is attributed to interfacial effects, such as electron doping from the STO substrate\cite{Liu_2012} and electron-phonon interaction with phonons of STO \cite{Lee_2014}.
Thus, the superconductivity in FeSe/STO is expected to be the first interface-enhanced superconductivity, where the existence of the interface plays a crucial role \cite{Ginzburg_1964,Allender_1973}.

In contrast to the ARPES results, resistivity measurements reported a $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  of 40--45 K \cite{Wang_2012, Pedersen_2020, Faeth_2021} and a much lower zero-resistance temperature ($T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{zero}}$), and these are lower than those of electron-doped FeSe systems \cite{Shikama_2020,Shikama_2021}.
This discrepancy in the reported values of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  observed by different measurement techniques suggests that the exact feature of interface superconductivity in FeSe/STO is still far from being fully understood.
Therefore, a more detailed investigation of the interfacial effects is essential.
In this context, the artificial control of the interface is a promising approach.
For feasible control of the interface, pulsed laser deposition (PLD)  has advantages in fabricating various heterostructures at low cost because different materials can be deposited by simply switching the target materials.
However, all studies on the interface superconductivity of FeSe published so far were performed using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique.
This is because it is difficult to grow high-quality thin films of compounds that contain highly volatile Se using other growth techniques.
Indeed, none of the previous studies by PLD succeeded in fabricating FeSe films that exhibited the interface superconductivity.

In this paper, we report the successful growth of  FeSe/STO which exhibits interface superconductivity, using the PLD technique for the first time.
We fabricate 7--25-nm-thick FeSe films on atomically flat STO substrates.
The grown films exhibit a $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  higher than 20 K, which is much higher than that of bulk FeSe \cite{Hsu_2008}.
The enhanced $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  cannot be explained in terms of the in-plane strain effect on the bulk superconductivity of FeSe \cite{Feng_2018, Nabeshima_2018,Ghini_2021,Nakajima_2021}.
$T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  increases with decreasing film thickness, which is in good agreement with those reported for MBE-grown FeSe/STO \cite{Wang_2015, Zhao_2018}.
These results suggest that we realized interface superconductivity in FeSe/STO, grown using the PLD technique for the first time.

\section{Experimental methods}
All the FeSe thin films in this study were grown on insulating STO (001) substrates using PLD with a KrF laser.
Prior to deposition, the STO substrate was annealed at 1000\(^\circ\)C in air and rinsed with water to obtain a $\mathrm{TiO_2}$-terminated surface with a step-terrace structure \cite{Connell_2012} (figure \ref{fig:STOsub}(a)).
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) images of the substrates exhibited the ($2 \times 1$) reconstructed patterns \cite{Wang_2012} under vaccum at a growth temperature of 500$^\circ \mathrm{C}$  (figure \ref{fig:STOsub}(b)).
Films were deposited by ablating the $\mathrm{Fe_{1.1}Se}$ target \cite{Feng_2018} at a growth rate of 0.2--0.5 nm/min.
The RHEED patterns of the grown films displayed streaks, indicating a flat surface of the films (figure \ref{fig:STOsub}(c)).
Because RHEED oscillation in FeSe/STO was sometimes not observed in this study, the RHEED intensity of the films on LaAlO$_{3}$, which were grown simultaneously as the films on STO, was observed during the deposition to control the film thickness.
Below, we present a series of four samples with different thicknesses of 7, 10, 16, and 25 nm, as typical representatives.

The orientation and crystal structure of the grown films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements with Cu K$\alpha$ radiation at room temperature.
The thicknesses of the films were estimated from the Laue fringe around the (001) reflection peak or using a Dektak 6M stylus profiler.
Resistivity was measured using a physical property measurement system (PPMS), from 2 to 200 K.
\section{Results and discussion}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{figure1a_1c.eps}
\caption{(a) Atomic force microscope topographic image of an STO substrate after the surface treatment.  Clear step terrace structures are observed. (b) RHEED image of an STO substrate just before the deposition. (c) RHEED image of a grown FeSe film.}
\label{fig:STOsub}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htb]

\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{figure2a_2c.eps}
\caption{(a) XRD patterns of the grown films. Asterisk represents reflections from Ag paste. (b) Enlarged plot around the (001) reflections. (c) Rocking curves of the (001) peaks of the grown films.}
\label{fig:XRD_result}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure*}[hbt]
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{figure3a_3d.eps
\caption{(a), (b) Temperature dependence of the resistivity of the grown films.
(c) $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  as a function of strain of the films together with the data in \cite{Nabeshima_2018}.
(d) Thickness dependence of $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  of the films.
Data for the films grown by MBE\cite{Wang_2015} are also plotted (black triangles).}
\label{fig:result}

\end{figure*}
Figure \ref{fig:XRD_result}(a) illustrates the XRD patterns of four films with different thicknesses.
All the films indicated only the (00\textit{l}) reflection peaks of tetragonal FeSe, except for the peaks derived from the substrates and Ag paste attached to the films for the resistivity measurement.
These results indicate the single-phase nature of FeSe and  \textit{c}-axis orientation of the films.
Figure \ref{fig:XRD_result}(b) illustrates an enlarged plot of the (001) reflection peaks.
All the films showed clear Laue fringes, indicating a flat surface.
Figure \ref{fig:XRD_result}(c) illustrates the rocking curves of the (001) reflection peaks of the films.
All films showed a full width at half maximum (FWHM) smaller than 0.16\(^\circ\), indicating high crystalline quality.
All the films were under tensile strain with their \textit{a}-axis constant larger than 3.81 \AA \ (cf. bulk FeSe has $a$ = 3.77 \AA).
The structural properties of the films are summarized in table \ref{table:property}.

\begin{table*}[htp]
\caption{\label{table:property} Characteristics of the grown films.}
\begin{indented}
\item[]\begin{tabular}{cccccc}
\br
Sample &Thicknsess (nm)&  $a$ (\AA) &  $c$ (\AA) & $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  (K)& $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{zero}}$ (K)\\
\mr
\#1& 7 &3.81&5.48&28 & 17\\
\#2& 10 &3.82&5.47& 30 &19\\
\#3& 16 &3.83&5.47& 28 & 17\\
\#4& 25 &3.82&5.48& 23 & 13\\
\br
\end{tabular}
\end{indented}
\end{table*}

Figures \ref{fig:result}(a) and (b) illustrate the temperature dependence of resistivity $\rho(T)$ of the films.
All films exhibited a metallic behavior.
The 7-nm-thick film exhibited a higher resistivity than the other films possibly because of the deterioration caused by air exposure.
Remarkably, all samples exhibited a superconducting transition with a $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  higher than 20 K.
These $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  values were much higher than those of the bulk at ambient pressure.
Furthermore, $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  increased as the thickness of the films decreased, except for the 7-nm-thick film, as will be discussed later.

It is well known that in-plane strain strongly affects the superconducting properties of FeSe \cite{Feng_2018,Nabeshima_2018,Nakajima_2021,Ghini_2021}.
FeSe thin films under compressive strain exhibit enhanced $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  up to 12 K when $\epsilon \equiv(a_\mathrm{film}-a_\mathrm{bulk})/a_\mathrm{bulk} < -1.0\%$ \cite{Nabeshima_2018}, where $a_\mathrm{film}$ and $a_\mathrm{bulk}$ are the \textit{a}-axis constants of the films and bulk \cite{McQueen_2009}, respectively.
However, tensile strain decreases $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  and completely suppresses superconductivity when $\epsilon$ is greater than +0.6\% \cite{Nabeshima_2018}.
Similar results were obtained in subsequent studies on bulk crystals \cite{Nakajima_2021, Ghini_2021}.
We plot $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  of the films grown in this study in the strain-vs-$T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  plot \cite{Nabeshima_2018} in figure \ref{fig:result}(c).
The present data largely deviate from the well-established strain-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  relation.
The $\epsilon$ values in the grown films, which are higher than $0.9\%$, should lead to non-superconductivity, according to the strain-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  relation.
Thus, these high $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  values cannot be explained by the established strain effect.
This result suggests that interface effects are responsible for the high $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  of the films.

The interface superconductivity in the grown films is also suggested by the thickness dependence of $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  (figure \ref{fig:result}(d)).
Except for the 7-nm-thick film, $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  increases as the thickness of the film decreases, as aforementioned.
This negative correlation between the film thickness and $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  is in good agreement with the results obtained for MBE-grown FeSe/STO, which exhibited interface superconductivity \cite{Wang_2015,Zhao_2018}.
The negative correlation between film thickness and $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  was interpreted as follows \cite{Wang_2015}: Because FeSe layers apart from the interface are considered not to be subject to interfacial effects \cite{Wang_2012}, it is likely that the very thin layer in the vicinity of the interface becomes superconducting.
When the thickness of the film is increased, the number of doped electrons at the superconductive interface of FeSe/STO is reduced, which results in a reduction of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$.
Although the validity of this interpretation is still open, the results of the thickness dependence, together with the extraordinarily high $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  in terms of the strain-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  relation indicate the interface superconductivity in the films grown on STO.
Note that the thickness dependence of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  is in sharp contrast to that of FeSe thin flakes \cite{Schneider_2012,Farrar_2020,Zhu_2021} and FeSe on bilayer graphens \cite{Song_2011} , where $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  decreases as the thickness decreases.
This difference is consistent with the fact that the interface between FeSe and STO plays a crucial role in realizing enhanced superconductivity in the grown films.

Compared with MBE-grown films \cite{Wang_2015,Zhao_2018}, all films other than the 7-nm-thick sample exhibited approximately the same value of $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  (figure \ref{fig:result}(d)).
Remarkably, our films exhibited a high $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  without post-annealing.
MBE growth requires a post-annealing process to remove excess Se \cite{Zhang_2014} which suppresses the superconductivity.
The excess Se is due to the Se-rich growth conditions of the MBE techniques.
However, approximately the same composition is transferred from the Fe$_{1.1}$Se target to a film during PLD growth, which results in much less excess Se in the grown film.
This feature of the PLD technique enables us to obtain a superconducting FeSe/STO without post-annealing, which is different from MBE.

The 7-nm-thick film exhibited a lower $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  than the 10-nm-thick film, possibly owing to degradation by air exposure.
Thus, deposition with a protection layer is necessary for films thinner than 10 nm to obtain a higher $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\ , which is now under way.

\section{Conclusion}

In conclusion, we fabricated FeSe films on STO with a thickness of 7--25 nm which exhibited superconductivity with $T_{\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{onset}}$  much higher than that of bulk FeSe under ambient pressure.
The observed $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  in all the films was exceptionally high in terms of the strain-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  relation of the same material established so far.
$T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  increased with decreasing film thickness, which is in good agreement with that of MBE-grown films that exhibited interface superconductivity \cite{Wang_2015, Zhao_2018}.
These results indicate that we successfully realized interface superconductivity in PLD-grown FeSe/STO.
Furthermore, the PLD growth method has the advantage of realizing interface superconductivity without post-annealing, which is different from MBE techniques.
PLD has the advantage of fabricating various heterostructures because different materials can be deposited by simply changing the target materials.
Thus, our results accelerate a study of interface superconductivity toward higher $T_{\mathrm{c}}$\  by systematically controlling the interface.

\begin{ack}
We would like to acknowledge K. Ueno and H. Okuma at the University of Tokyo for their technical support of the XRD and AFM measurements.
\end{ack}

\section*{References}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Physiologist Who Discovered Role of Low Blood Oxygen at High Altitude
Home » main » History of Physiology » Denis Jourdanet: Discoverer of Altitude Sickness » Physiologist Who Discovered Role of Low Blood Oxygen at High Altitude
The American Physiological Society Press Release
APS Contact: Donna Krupa
Email: dkrupa@the-aps.org
Twitter: @Phyziochick
Denis Jordanet: The Physiologist Who Discovered the Role of Low Blood Oxygen at High Altitude
Bethesda, Md. (Aug. 8, 2013)—Nowadays, it's well accepted that the cause for altitude sickness—the host of symptoms including headache, fatigue, digestive problems, dizziness, and sleep disorders that occurs when climbers ascend a tall peak too quickly—is low levels of oxygen in the blood. However, before the mid-1860s, altitude sickness was still a mystery. A French researcher named Paul Bert is often hailed as the father of low altitude physiology for publishing an influential book in 1878 on the sometimes-harmful effects of high altitude, attributing them to what's now known as hypoxia. However, often lost in this history is that hypoxia was first identified as the altitude sickness' root years earlier by French physician Denis Jourdanet.
In a new article, John B. West of the University of California-San Diego and Jean-Paul Richalet of Université Paris, review the history behind Jourdanet and his large body of work connecting the health effects of altitude with the level of oxygen in blood. Jourdanet, who later served as Bert's generous research benefactor—and whom Bert acknowledges in his own work as the real source of the hypoxia theory—was a prolific researcher with a wide-ranging body of work. He connected the symptoms of altitude sickness with similar symptoms caused by anemia, in which blood oxygen is low because of a decreased number of red blood cells. He also studied the relationship between barometric pressure and altitude, physical differences present in populations who live at high altitudes compared to those at sea level, and the possibility of different atmospheric pressures to treat some diseases.
The Review article, titled "Denis Jourdanet (1815-1892) and the Early Recognition of the Role of Hypoxia at High Altitude," appears in the online edition of the American Journal of Physiology: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, a journal published by the American Physiological Society. It is available at http://bit.ly/175qrWL.
Higher Altitude for Health?
West and Richalet write that Jourdanet was not yet finished with medical school in France when, at the age of 26, he decided to seek his fortune in Mexico. Living in the Yucatan Peninsula, he set up an unauthorized clinic. However, impressed by a cataract surgery that Jourdanet performed, the French consul legally authorized him to practice medicine.
Jourdanet worked his way into wealthy society, marrying into a well-to-do family. In 1846, he moved back to Paris with his wife to finish medical training. When the couple moved back to Mexico two years later, they decided not to live in the Yucatan Peninsula as the climate there seemed to worsen his wife's tuberculosis. Rather, they chose to live in Puebla, a town southeast of Mexico City with an altitude of 2200 meters. There, Jourdanet became fascinated with the effects of altitude on health. As his wife improved, he speculated on the value of a reduced barometric pressure in treating disease. He also took detailed measurements of barometric pressure at increasing altitudes, including at the summit of the volcano La Malinche, at an altitude of 4461 meters.
Altitude Anemia
When Jourdanet's wife died in 1859, the researcher returned to Paris, where he presented his findings at a meeting of the French Academy of Medicine. He argued that residing at a high altitude could contribute to health, but that ascending in altitude too abruptly caused sickness by reducing the amount of oxygen in the blood. He drew parallels between anemia at sea level and decreased blood oxygen at high altitudes, a concept he called anoxyhémie. His work encountered a mixed reception, with several prominent researchers arguing that conditions other than low blood oxygen cause altitude sickness.
Despite these naysayers, Jourdanet published his first book on the health effects of "rarified air" in 1862. Several years later, Jourdanet met Paul Bert, a researcher who was also interested in the health effects of high altitude. Jourdanet, who had since remarried into another wealthy family, financed an extensive laboratory for Bert to study this topic.
In the meantime, Jourdanet was busy with his own research. In 1875, he published a two-volume book about the effects of barometric pressure on human health, reemphasizing the idea that altitude sickness and anemia were both illnesses of low blood oxygen. In this book, he often referred to altitude sickness as "anémie barométrique," further cementing the connection.
Jourdanet in the Spotlight
Although this idea is fully accepted today, both Jourdanet and Bert performed the critical work to firmly set its foundation. But though Bert widely acknowledged Jourdanet as the first to suggest that hypoxia causes altitude sickness, Jourdanet's role has largely disappeared from history, West and Richalet write. They suggest that this review shines the deserved spotlight on Jourdanet's work.
"Little has been written about Jourdanet," they say, "in fact this is the first article about Jourdanet's scientific work in English and his work deserves to be better known."
NOTE TO EDITORS: To schedule an interview with a member of the research team, please contact Donna Krupa at dkrupa@the-aps.org, @Phyziochick, or 301.634.7209. The article is available online at http://bit.ly/175qrWL.
Physiology is the study of how molecules, cells, tissues and organs function in health and disease. Established in 1887, the American Physiological Society (APS) was the first U.S. society in the biomedical sciences field. The Society represents more than 10,500 members and publishes 15 peer-reviewed journals with a worldwide readership.
~/Custom.Templates/PressRelease.aspx


text:
Marvel Spotlight (2005) #33
"For what they've done...they must pay the ULTIMATE price..."
Spingboarding from the pages of ULTIMATES 3 and ULTIMATE POWER, Jeph Loeb and David Finch's ULTIMATUM is a six-part series that will change the Ultimate Universe in ways as definitively as the Marvel Universe's CIVIL WAR or the X-Men's MESSIAH COMPLEX. MARVEL SPOTLIGHT checks in with the series' principal creators and takes readers inside the universe that changed the rules for comics in the 21st century - and figures out how those rules are going to be rewritten! The end is here, and so is SPOTLIGHT!
Rated T+ ...$2.99
Rating: Rated T
UPC: 5960605845-03411
FOC Date: Oct 09, 2008
John Rhett Thomas, Alex Lear, Brian O'Dell, Chris Arrant, Dugan Trodglen
More Marvel Spotlight See all
Marvel Spotlight #56
Thomas, Mckone
Marvel Spotlight #1
Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe — Marvel's Iron Man 3/Marvel's Thor: The Dark World
Marvel Nemesis: The Imperfects


"The saga of the rare Fosterella has been resolved! In our last Gazette you may remember Corky's plant which I felt could be Fosterella vasquezii and I was waiting for it to flower! It must be a week ago when I returned home to find this plant on my doorstep with a little note telling me all what Corky knows about Fosterella. It was in flower! Remember the petals are 7 mm long so you have to get up close and cuddly.
If we went purely on leaf width which is what I did initially at 2cm wide this leads to F. vasquezii but when you looked at the flower and saw the sepal had a red tip you could see we had a depauperate F. elata.
If you can remember a couple of years ago Len Colgan got some ex-frozen seed from Heidelberg University in Germany. These would be the only plants of F. elata in Australia and we can thank Maureen Hick for getting the seed to germinate. The plant is about 40cm in diameter and has wavy dark green leaves with lighter edges and near the centre of the plant these are covered on the top with silvery trichomes making them glisten. These trichomes seem to repel water rather than absorb in similar fashion to Cryptanthus. An attractive plant even when not in flower and if you appreciate Gypsophila flowers then you will not be disappointed with the graceful flower spikes."


We present a clear case study on the occurrence of two successive X-class flares, including a decade-class flare (X9.3) and two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) triggered by shearing motion and sunspot rotation in active region NOAA 12673 on 2017 September 6. A shearing motion between the main sunspots with opposite polarities began on September 5 and lasted even after the second X-class flare on September 6. Moreover, the main sunspot with negative polarity rotated around its umbral center, and another main sunspot with positive polarity also exhibited a slow rotation. The sunspot with negative polarity at the northwest of the active region also began to rotate counterclockwise before the onset of the first X-class flare, which is related to the formation of the second S-shaped structure. The successive formation and eruption of two S-shaped structures were closely related to the counterclockwise rotation of the three sunspots. The existence of a flux rope is found prior to the onset of two flares by using nonlinear force-free field extrapolation based on the vector magnetograms observed by Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Image. The first flux rope corresponds to the first S-shaped structures mentioned above. The second S-shaped structure was formed after the eruption of the first flux rope. These results suggest that a shearing motion and sunspot rotation play an important role in the buildup of the free energy and the formation of flux ropes in the corona that produces solar flares and CMEs.
GB/T 7714 Yan XL,Wang JC,Pan, G. M.,et al. Successive X-class Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections Driven by Shearing Motion and Sunspot Rotation in Active Region NOAA 12673[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,2018,856(1):14.
APA Yan XL.,Wang JC.,Pan, G. M..,Kong DF.,Xue ZK.,...&Feng, X. S..(2018).Successive X-class Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections Driven by Shearing Motion and Sunspot Rotation in Active Region NOAA 12673.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,856(1),14.
MLA Yan XL,et al."Successive X-class Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections Driven by Shearing Motion and Sunspot Rotation in Active Region NOAA 12673".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 856.1(2018):14.


why should employee Bike to work ?? - GGI-Group size: 4000+ Professionals, Increasing on day to day basis, Come & join us 2 serve Mother Nature.
why should employee Bike to work ??
Many bicycle commuters find that riding to work cuts their commute time, getting them to work faster than driving or taking transit. Bike commuting also saves the time needed for hunting for parking or waiting for transit. Exercising while commuting can also save you the time you would take to workout.
After the initial investment of purchasing a bicycle, helmet, and lock, bicycle commuting is the cheapest way to get around town on wheels. Routine maintenance is usually an entire digit cheaper than it is for a car, and much of it can be done by the bicycle owner.
Exercising is healthy — just ask your doctor. Biking can be a very good cardiovascular workout and does wonders for circulation and muscle tone in your legs. It's much easier to stay fit when you work exercise into your daily routine.
Biking is fun! Bike commuting gets blood pumping into your brain much more efficiently than a third cup of coffee. When you get to work you might find a sense of peace and joy washing over you. Those are endorphins at work, and they kick in when you exercise.
Bicycles do not use fossil fuels, cause ozone depletion, emit deadly pollutants such as lead and carbon monoxide, contribute to increases in asthma cases across the industrialized world, or leak disgusting things into the water table. They run on whatever you eat for breakfast. Many bikes can be built with the same amount of resources it takes to build one car.


text:
Oobinator's profile page
Oobinator (user #51,818) MaleBronze Medal
Joined on August 31st, 2015 (1,415 days ago)
Questions: 1 view
Oobinator has submitted the following questions: voting view
Would you rather Have a cold for the rest of your life... or a really annoying headache for the rest of your life? 3 years ago 84 votes 4 comments 0 likes
Oobinator has posted the following comments:
KILL THEM ALL!!! 3 years ago
I'm going electric, so that means I will have terrible mileage. Only because I don't use fuel 3 years ago
ONLY CHILD! I WIN! 3 years ago
That was deep. Also, I like having the power of strangling and electrocuting people... 3 years ago
But you can't contrlo being a werewolf. You might kill your own family. Plus, modern day vampires in TV shows are immune to daylight. And you get to turn into bats, wolfs, and dust. All the perks. 3 years ago
What if you just srtike up a deal with a guy called Satan. Also, it might be a good deal with the demonic lord of hell. I did say maybe... 3 years ago +1
Ummm. It says you voted on the deathone. Nice try though... 3 years ago
My family counts as society... 3 years ago +1
As long as it's solar powered, I'm fine... 3 years ago
More food for me. And no, I didn't choose alone on the island. If you see were I'm going... 3 years ago
Salsparilla is the best 3 years ago
Actually, now it's 1070 people. UPRISING OF THE BUTT SPOON PEOPLE!!! 3 years ago
Not really, because you would have to do whatever you were doing (say writing a story) all over again. Kind of anoying. Then again, you could fix your past mistakes, but, of course you would have to relive everything after that again. All in all, I think I prefer the pause button. Also, just saying this is my opinion. 3 years ago
Depends where and how I would go to space. And if I would die. 3 years ago
Whose to say I can't start a family while chasing my career 3 years ago
Well, right now theres a huge storm outside and it's pouring with rain. I... I think I would rather play minecraft. 3 years ago
But then if your a genius, you can find out how to make yourself happy! 3 years ago
I'd wish for more wishes, then wish for what I would want to buy instead of the money needed to buy it. Logic, right? 3 years ago
But if you could speak all languages, that would mean you can speak with animals as well, so... 3 years ago
If you lived in a poor country, whose to say your not poor and you could move back? 3 years ago
It is basically a very dangerous game of put-a-bullet-in-a-gun-spin-the-loading-thingy-and-pull-the-trigger type of thing... 3 years ago
Oobinator has created the following lists:


text:
Q: Chinese Pinyin keyboard layout in Ubuntu 20.04 is based on German layout I have recently upgraded Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04. In the settings, my default input method is German.
I added the "Chinese Intelligent Pinyin" input method and it mostly worked as expected. But an issue remains: it still uses the German keyboard layout in Pinyin mode, i.e., when I press y, I get a z and vice versa.
How can I change the base layout of the Pinyin input method to English/Chinese?

A: Open /usr/share/ibus/component/libpinyin.xml for editing. Then change
<layout>default</layout>

to
<layout>us</layout>

for the libpinyin engine.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Older animals attract fleas more and they need to be on the topical for this, every month, especially if they have allergies like my dog does, and has to have topical treatments. If even one flea gets at it it gets all swollen up. Bless her heart.... 19/07/2011�� My dog is 8 weeks pregnant and I need to get rid of the fleas safely without harming her pups. Update: Ive heard that bathing the dog with blue dawn dish does the trick without harming the pups. She is small.
What can you use to get rid of fleas on a pregnant dog?


3D Conference Show for Hire - Book Conference Entertainment - London, UK.
Created as a completely bespoke show for a private client, this show is a perfect example of the amazing standard of conference performance that can be booked for private events. This show was made in celebration of a company anniversary and featured images of staff, company branding, the company ethics and much more.
By using a creative selection of 3D Mapping technology, visual displays, physical props and professional choreography, our dance group is able to create an endless amount of possibilities.
When booking your next business event, why not show your colleagues and friends an amazing night, by featuring one of our bespoke conference shows. Show off your brand in style, and let people know what you are all about, while keeping everyone entertained, excited and blown away.
These shows are completely customizable per each event, so feel free to get in contact today to learn more about how to book these amazing performances.
To truly appreciate the amazing productions available from this service, you need to experience it. Here is some footage of a bespoke show named "Clock", in which you will see custom branding, staff photos, company values and a breathtaking dance performance.
If you would like to see some more images of the amazing entertainment we have to offer, then head over to our Pinterest page, where we showcase a wide range of different services and performances. If you would like to see some more conference specific services, then follow the link below to our AV, Conference and product launches page.


text:
Publisher - SICILIA SOLIDALE NEWS DAILY
How To Physically Fit
The physiological results of face masks throughout train
By Sean Bourgoin Last updated Jan 9, 2021
Despite the gym closures and lockdown inconsistencies, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important strategy to protect yourself during the coronavirus pandemic1.
Even if social media chatters and opinions mismatch, reality doesn't change: The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends wearing a mask or cloth in public, especially in places where it is Social distancing is difficult and mass masking is an inexpensive and easy way to complement social distancing and other methods of controlling infection rates.
Research also shows that gyms, like many other public spaces, are a source of virus transmission2 and that masking should be part of the exercise and training experience. This is especially true if the activity is aerobic3.
Researchers at the Rambam Health Care Campus in Haifa, Israel, studied the physiological effects of face masks during exercise to assess the effects on the student.
They found that masking during aerobic exercise had minimal and statistically inconsistent effects on heart rate, breathing rate, breathing, and blood oxygen saturation.
However, use of an N95 ventilator indicated an increase in EtCO2 (End Tidal Carbod Dioxide) levels, a measure of carboxy dioxide production and clearance with breathing. This increase could also be explained by the fact that when a mask is worn, the exhaled air is inhaled again.
Granted, airway exposure to elevated levels of carbon dioxide can affect performance, cause headaches, confusion, stupor, and increases in heart and breathing rates.
Short term and intermittent exposure can also lead to improvements in respiratory muscle development and better performance.
The research does not examine the effects of wearing masks from a psychological point of view, and it is not broad enough to draw specific conclusions about any particular populations, since it is an all-male group of subjects. It is therefore best not to generalize the results.
But you can just stay out of the slipstream of anyone exercising vigorously and keep your distance 4.
It used to be called an ounce of prevention that today looks like a million years ago, at a time when people's opinions about anything are extremely polarized.
1. Epstein, D., Korytny, A., Isenberg, Y., Marcusohn, E., Zukermann, R., Bishop, B., Minha, S., Raz, A. & Miller, A. (2021). Back to Training in the COVID-19 Era: The Physiological Effects of Face Masks During Exercise. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sport, 31 (1), 70–75.
2. Gontjes, KJ, Gibson, KE, Lansing, B., Cassone, M. & Mody, L. (2020). Contamination of the common room and the rehabilitation hall with multi-resistant organisms. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68 (3), 478-485.
3. Leung, NHL, Chu, DKW, Shiu, EYC, Chan, K.-H., McDevitt, JJ, Hau, BJP, Yen, H.-L., Li, Y., Ip, DKM, Peiris, JSM , Seto, W.-H., Leung, GM, Milton, DK & Cowling, BJ (2020). Exhaling the respiratory virus when exhaling and effectiveness of face masks. Nature Medicine, 26 (5), 676-680.
4. Blocken, B., Malizia, F., van Druenen, T. & Marchal, T. (nd). Towards an aerodynamically equivalent COVID19 1.5 m social distance for walking and running. 12.
Sean Bourgoin 308 posts 0 comments
11 Greatest Net Analytics Instruments In contrast: Get Significant Web site Insights
Construct Muscle as a Girl: The Final Information for Gaining Weight the Proper…
5 Finest Issues to Promote on Fb Market
Methods to Construct an Electronic mail Listing in WordPress…
9 greatest WordPress Fb plugins to broaden your weblog
Welcome to PushEngage within the WPBeginner product…
How To Physically Fit105
How To Make Money93
How To Be Pro In Wp67
How To Blogging42