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Mobile DNA
Meeting report
TE studies in Japan: The third Japanese meeting on host-transposon interactions
Kenji Ichiyanagi1
Mobile DNA volume 7, Article number: 26 (2016) Cite this article
The third Japanese meeting entitled "Biological Function and Evolution through Interactions between Hosts and Transposable Elements (TEs)" was held on 5–6 September 2016 at National Institute of Genetics (NIG), Mishima, Japan. Supported by NIG, the goal of the meeting was to bring together researchers who study diverse biological phenomena such as schizophrenia, carcinogenesis, cellular reprograming, skin function, placental formation, plant mutagenesis and epigenetics, and small RNA-mediated heterochromatinization, where TEs are involved in various ways. The meeting included 13 invited speakers. Here we present highlights of these invited talks.
Transposable elements (TEs) are very important parts of genomes, as they play various roles in biological functions and evolution. Their important roles were evident at the third Japanese meeting entitled "Biological Function and Evolution through Interactions between Hosts and Transposable Elements (TEs)" which was held on 5–6 September 2016 at National Institute of Genetics (NIG), Mishima, Japan, with a beautiful view of Mt. Fuji. Before these TE meetings, the first of which was held in 2013, there were very few opportunities in Japan for TE researchers to gather to exchange their ideas. For the third meeting in September, we had 13 invited speakers in six sessions chaired by Kei Fukuda (RIKEN institute, Japan), Hidenori Nishihara (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan), Toshiki Habu (National Institute of Agricultural Science, Japan), Hidetaka Ito (Hokkaido University, Japan), Hidetoshi Saze (Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan), and the author, Kenji Ichiyanagi (Nagoya University, Japan). There were many questions and comments from the more than 50 attendees and from the session chairs with time allowed for extensive and profound discussions.
Highlights of the talks
TEs and the nervous system
Right after the opening remarks by Ichiyanagi, Yukihito Ishizaka (National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan) presented an interesting link between HIV infection, LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposition, and neurocognitive disorders in humans. He and his colleagues found that L1 mobility is increased in 6 of 15 blood samples of HIV-1 positive patients, and that the Vpr protein of HIV-1 is responsible for the induction of L1 retrotransposition [1]. Moreover, in mice, intraperitoneal injection of recombinant Vpr (rVpr) induces L1 retrotransposition in the hippocampus, which is associated with impaired memory recall. Importantly, this rVpr-induced cognitive disorder is blocked by co-administration of Stavudine, an inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, suggesting that L1 retrotransposition plays a role in the pathogenesis. The rVpr-injected mice have increased expression of type I interferon, glutaminase C, glutamate and p17 subunit of Caspase 3, whereas rVpr-injected Irf7-knockout (KO) mice do not, suggesting an involvement of the interferron-dependent cellular cascade [2]. Taken together, environmental factors (Vpr in blood, in this case) can induce L1 retrotrotransposition in somatic cells, which results in the development of pathological conditions [3]. Miki Bundo (Kumamoto University, Japan) presented a link between schizophrenia, a psychiatric disorder, and L1 retrotranspsition in neurons. By qPCR-based L1 quantification for neurons purified from postmortem prefrontal cortex, she and her colleague revealed that the L1 copy number is increased in patients with schizophrenia [4]. Interestingly, de novo L1 insertions preferentially reside around genes important for synaptic function, suggesting an involvement of these L1 insertions in pathogenesis of schizophrenia. L1 amplification in the prefrontal cortex is also observed for animal models when the immune system is activated (poly I:C dsRNA injection in mice and EGF treatment of macaques). Again, environmental factors induce L1 retrotransposition in somatic cells. She also presented data showing that L1 is amplified in neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome with schizophrenia. Thus, genetic factors also play a role. Identifying the type and location of the neurons that accumulate de novo L1 insertions in the brain of schizophrenia patients, which is now feasible by single cell genomics techniques, will provide further insights on the relationship between L1 retrotransposition and psychiatric disorders.
ERVs and gene expression
Evidence has been accumulating that endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) can serve as an enhancer or promoter of host genes, and their expression patterns are likely programmed by a combination of host transcription factors. Kosuke Hashimoto (RIKEN institute, Japan) presented his recent results about a transcriptome study of c-Myc-induced liver tumors, which reveals that transcription from LTR sequences of several mouse ERV families are increased by up to 1000-fold, a situation similar to those in virus-induced tumors [5]. Shutting off c-Myc expression results in downregulation of these ERVs back to background levels, and ChIP-seq data shows direct binding of the c-Myc protein to these LTRs. In normal mice, the expression of these ERVs is high in embryonic tissues, then gradually declines along with embryonic growth, reaching the background level after birth. Interestingly, host genes that are upregulated by c-Myc show a very similar trajectory of expression dynamics during embryonic development. Thus, the expression of these ERVs as well as "embryonic genes" is developmentally programmed, and can be re-activated by c-Myc upon tumorigenesis. Mari Ohnuki (Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Germany), a former post-doc in Shinya Yamanaka's lab at Kyoto University, presented a talk about functional involvement of an ERV in reprograming of somatic cells. Although iPSCs are characterized by universal differentiation potential and limitless proliferation, such abilities are considerably variable across cell lines. She and her colleague screened for iPSCs that are defective in differentiation into neuronal cells, and found that the isolated defective iPSCs express higher levels of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are transcribed from an upstream LTR7 sequence [6]. This is not simple coincidence but is functionally important, because transfection of shRNA against the LTR7 sequence suppresses the differentiation defects of these iPSCs [7]. The LTR7 elements themselves (which are the LTRs of HERVH) are also expressed in iPSCs, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and epiblasts, and their expression is directly induced by pluripotency-related transcription factors, POU5F1 (also known as OCT4), SOX2 and KLF4 [7]. Ancestral viruses of HERVH/LTR7 have invaded the primate genomes several times during evolution, generating species-specific HERVH/LTR7 insertions. Interestingly, such species-specific insertions are associated with species-specific gene expression profiles observed in human and macaque iPSCs. Thus, an intriguing idea is that HERVH/LTR7 insertions have contributed to the diversification of the pluripotency-related regulatory network in the course of primate evolution.
TE exaptation
Examples of TE exaptation, where TEs give rise to functional sequences, are not restricted to DNA segments. TE-encoded proteins can also be exapted. Takeshi Matsui (RIKEN-IMS, Japan) talked about a protease derived from the pro region of an ERV, termed SASPase (Skin Aspartic Protease), which is expressed in epidermis. For terrestrial vertebrates, the stratum corneum, the uppermost dead cell layer of epidermis constituting the boundary between the body and environment, is crucial to adapt and live in a dry environment. In the stratum corneum of mammals, which have supple and moisturized skin, the profilaggrin protein is hydrolyzed to yield filaggrin monomers, which play a role in barrier function of the stratum corneum and are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis. Interestingly, SASPase is conserved among mammals, and moreover, is involved in profilaggrin hydrolysis. KO mice of this ERV-derived protease show a dry-skin phenotype due to abnormal proteolysis of profilagrin and consequent reduction of filagrin [8]. Thus, exaptation of this protease is involved in the acquisition of the mammalian-specific soft and moisturized skin for sensitive perception of external environmental changes. Takayuki Miyazawa (Kyoto University, Japan) talked about ERV-derived proteins working as another type of barrier. In humans, Syncytine-1, which is derived from the envelope protein of HERVW, plays a role in cell fusion in the syncytiotrophoblast in placenta. The placenta also expresses another ERV-derived protein, termed Suppressyn, which originates from HERV-Fb1. Suppressyn suppresses the cell fusion function of Syncytine-1 by inhibiting the interaction between Syncytine-1 and the receptor, ACST-2. Interestingly, Suppressyn is present in macaque and baboon species, which have already lost Syncytine-1, suggesting that Suppressyn has a role other than Syncytine-1 inhibition. It was then shown that Suppressyn acts in the host defense system: Supressin can protect the host from infection by other retroviruses such as Simian retrovirus 2 (SRV-2), SRV-4, BaEV, and RD-114 [9]. Fumitoshi Ishino (Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan) gave a talk about multiple exaptation events, giving a gene family of Sushi-ichi-related retrotransposon homologues (SIRHs). Among 11 SIRH genes in mammals, he and his colleague have shown that Peg10 (also known as Sirh1), Peg11 (Sirh2/Rtl1) and Sirh7 (Ldoc1) are essential for development and reproduction, and implicated in multiple aspects of placental function [10–12]. In addition to these, he presented data where Sirh11 (Zcchc16) KO mice exhibit various behavioral abnormalities, possibly related to the noradrenergic system [13]. Interestingly, Sirh11 is retained in three groups of the eutherians (euarchontoglires, laurasiatheria and afrotheria), whereas it is heavily mutated in xenarthrans such as armadillo. Moreover, a large variation in the SIRH11 protein is detected even in the three groups in a lineage-specific manner; for example, a loss of a C-terminal CCHC RNA-binding domain that occurred independently in gibbons and megabats and a loss of the N-terminal half that occurred independently in New World monkeys, Hystricognaths (such as Porcupine), and Cetartiodactyla (whales and ruminants). Therefore, SIRH11 may have contributed to the diversification of eutherians by lineage-specific structural changes and subsequent species-specific functional changes, which have been fixed via complex natural selection events [13].
Deleterious and advantageous effects of TE mobility
Of course, TE mobility often confers deleterious effects rather than benefits. Kazuo Tsugane (National Institute for Basic Biology, Japan) presented molecular mechanisms by which active TE transposition affects the host phenotype. In rice, nDart1, a non-autonomous element associated with a hAT family of DNA transposon aDart1, has generated various mutants under natural growth conditions due to its tendency to insert into genic regions [14]. Among them, a recessive mutant, named snow-white leaf1 (swl1), shows variegated albino phenotype. He and his colleague revealed that it is caused by an insertion of nDart1 in the SWL1 gene, which was subsequently revealed to be essential for thylakoid membrane organization during chloroplast development. The nDart1 insertion inhibits the production of the wild-type protein by interfering with transcription from the normal start site. Of interest is that this albino phenotype is variegated. This is because the inserted copy sometimes gets excised by the aDart1 transposase during somatic growth [15]. Akira Kanazawa (Hokkaido University, Japan) also presented an example of gene disruption by a TE insertion, but in this case, the disrupted gene shows an interesting evolutionary fate. Soybean, a paleopolyploid plant, contains a large number of duplicated genes. He and his colleague isolated two functionally redundant paralogs, GmphyA1 and GmphyA2, which encode a photoreceptor, phytochrome A (phyA). They then characterized these genes in both photoperiod-sensitive and insensitive soybean lines [16]. In the photoperiod-insensitive lines, the GmphyA2 gene is disrupted by an insertion of a novel Ty1/copia-like retrotransposon named SORE-1 (Soybean Retroelement 1) into the coding region, and this SORE-1 insertion causes photoperiod insensitivity. Interestingly, the SORE-1-inserted allele of GmphyA2 is present only in soybean lines grown in high latitude regions of Japan [17]. Why is such an allele selected in these populations? The photoperiod insensitivity causes early plant maturation, and this trait is advantageous in the high latitude regions where the crop season is restricted. Thus, the GmphyA2 disruption by the SORE-1 insertion led to adaptation to a particular environment, while the buffering effect of gene duplication has sustained the plants, a novel consequence of nonfunctionalization of duplicate genes by TE insertion [17]. In view of agricultural application, SORE-1 is a potentially useful mutagen that induces heritable mutations, because its transcription occurs during the reproductive phase. In addition, SORE-1 appears to be controlled by an epigenetic mechanism involving small RNAs. Thus, artificial control of its epigenetic state may provide a tool to engineer novel traits in soybean.
The host-TE arm race
Despite many TE exaptation events, the host-TE interactions present some sorts of arm race, because of the potential harmfulness of TE mobility. For example, TEs are usually transcriptionally silenced by epigenetic mechanisms while a subfamily can emerge that escapes such regulation. Aoi Hosaka (National Institute of Genetics, Japan), a graduate student in Tetsuji Kakutani's lab, talked about a TE family that combats epigenetic silencing mechanisms. The Arabidopsis transposon VANDAL21 is silent in wild-type plants due to heavy DNA methylation [18]. However, when VANC21, one of three VANDAL21-encoded genes, is introduced into the wild-type background as a transgene, it reduces the DNA methylation levels of the endogenous copies of VANDAL21, resulting in their active transcription and mobilization [19]. These data indicate that the VANC21 protein functions as an anti-silencing factor. Interestingly, this anti-silencing effect by VANC21 is highly specific to VANDAL21 copies, because other TEs, including other closely related VANDAL family members, are not affected. This sequence-specific, rather than global, anti-silencing activity seems a good strategy for the TE to proliferate with minimizing deleterious effects to the host [19]. They also analyzed genomic regions where VANC21 binds, which identified several sequence motifs and provided insights on the molecular basis for the rapid evolution of this anti-silencing system.
RNAi and chromatin regulation
In addition to DNA and histone modifications, small RNAs constitute an important part of the host defense system. Although post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a built-in activity for small RNA-mediated regulation, small RNAs are also involved in transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) in many cases. Kuniaki Saito (Keio University, Japan), who has been studying the mechanism of transcriptional repression mediated by Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in the Drosophila ovarian somatic cell line (OSC), presented his recent results that revealed that the Piwi protein physically associates with linker histone H1. Indeed, depletion of Piwi decreases the histone H1 density, as well as the heterochromatin protein 1a (HP1a) density, on target loci [20]. Loss of H1 results in the increase in RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) occupancy and chromatin accessibility at target loci without affecting H3K9me3 and HP1a density. Moreover, knockdown of both H1 and HP1a synergistically increased TE expression in OSCs. Therefore, the Piwi-mediated TE silencing in Drosophila ovary likely consists of two pathways; (1) modulation of chromatin accessibility by regulating H1 density and (2) establishment and maintenance of heterochromatin by recruiting HP1a.
Like in flies, piRNAs of 26–30-nucleotide (nt) are generated in male and female germ cells (but not in gonadal somatic cells) in mice. The piRNA pathway in mouse male germ cells is essential for spermatogenesis and repression of some families of retrotransposons. In oocytes, however, the regulation and function of piRNAs are poorly understood. Yuka Kabayama (Kyushu University, Japan), a graduate student in Hiroyuki Sasaki's lab, investigated the consequences of loss of piRNA-pathway components in oocytes. She showed that a KO mutation of Mili (also known as Piwil2) causes an almost complete loss of oocyte piRNAs, which results in an increase in transcripts from some specific retrotransposons, similar to what has been observed in male germ cells [21, 22]. On the other hand, a KO mutation of Pld6 (also known as mZuc or Mitopld), encoding a mitochondrial nuclease/phospholipase, decreases the level of piRNAs to only a half of that in wild-type oocytes, which is in stark contrast to the situation in males where the same mutation severely affects piRNA biogenesis [23]. Because the PLD6 protein cleaves piRNA precursors to generate primary piRNAs in males [24], these results suggest the presence of other nuclease(s) in oocytes. Interestingly, they identified novel small RNAs of 21- to 23-nt in length derived from retrotransposons. These RNAs show the 10-nt complementarity with 26- to 30-nt piRNAs, suggesting that they are produced via the ping-pong cycle catalyzed by MILI. Indeed, the production of the 21- to 23-nt RNAs is dependent on MILI but independent of DICER. While the function of these shorter RNAs remains to be elucidated, this study highlights that species, biogenesis, and function of piRNAs differ between sexes in mice.
In fission yeast, heterochromatin is formed and maintained via a small RNA pathway, and this system continues to provide mechanistic insights of small RNA-mediated heterochromatinization. Yota Murakami (Hokkaido University, Japan) presented a mechanistic link between phosphorylation of RNAPII and efficiency of small RNA-mediated heterochromatinization. Previously, he and his colleague revealed that RNAPII is important for siRNA generation and heterochromatinization of the centromeres [25]. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNAPII is composed of repeats of Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7, and phosphorylation of different serine residues regulates different steps of transcription, which is called the CTD code. At this time, he showed that Ser7 of the RNAPII CTD is required for efficient siRNA generation and heterochromatin formation in fission yeast. Interestingly, Ser7 facilitates chromatin retention of nascent heterochromatic ncRNAs (hncRNAs), which directs efficient generation of siRNAs. Chromatin retention of hncRNAs, and siRNA generation as well require an RNA-binding activity of the chromodomain of Chp1, a subunit of the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) complex, which contains siRNA and an Argonaute homologue, Ago1. This RITS complex associates with RNAPII in a Ser7-dependent manner, meaning that Ser7 plays a pivotal role in RNA-induced hetrochromatinization through its phosphorylation to recruit the RNA-chromatin connector protein, Chp1. This finding reveals a novel function of the CTD code: linking ncRNA transcription to cis-acting RNAi.
The meeting was fruitful: the participants enjoyed it, and they exchanged their recent results and ideas throughout the meeting including coffee breaks and banquet. Three months before this meeting, an international TE meeting (1st Korea-Japan International Symposium for Transposable Elements) was held in Busan, Korea, which was organized by Dr. Heui-Soo Kim (Pusan National University, Korea) and supported by the Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology. The second international TE meeting is now being planned (chief organizer: Dr. Fumitoshi Ishino), which will be held in Tokyo in 2017. There will be researchers not only from Japan and Korea, but also from other countries in Asia, which will enhance and extend TE research in Asia.
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The author thanks Dr. Tetsuji Kakutani at NIG for his support of the meeting organization. All invited speakers are acknowledged for their assistance in manuscript preparation.
Organizers: Kenji Ichiyanagi (chief) and Tetsuji Kakutani
This meeting was supported by NIG, Japan, and held as an NIG research meeting 2016.
KI organized the meeting and wrote the manuscript.
The author, organizers, and all invited speakers have no conflict of interest. All of them have read the final version of the manuscript and agreed to its publication.
Consent of publication
Laboratory of Genome and Epigenome Dynamics, Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
Kenji Ichiyanagi
Correspondence to Kenji Ichiyanagi.
Ichiyanagi, K. TE studies in Japan: The third Japanese meeting on host-transposon interactions. Mobile DNA 7, 26 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13100-016-0082-8
Received: 18 November 2016
Transposable elements
Exaptation
Cis elements


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MEMBER,GOVERNING BOARD
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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References

Andøy
Islands of Nordland
Nature reserves in Norway
Important Bird Areas of Norway
Important Bird Areas of Arctic islands
Seabird colonies

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package com.codacy.api

import play.api.libs.json.{Format, Json}

case class Result(rule: String, filePath: String, line: Int, message: String)

case class ResultReport(algorithmUUID: String, commitUUID: String, results: Seq[Result])

object ResultReport {
  implicit val resultFormatter: Format[Result] = Json.format[Result]
  implicit val resultReportFormatter: Format[ResultReport] = Json.format[ResultReport]
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
var module = angular.module("example", ["angularGrid"]);

module.controller("exampleCtrl", function($scope, $http) {

    // Rates taken from google at time of writing
    var exchangeRates = {
        EUR: {
            GBP:.72,
            USD: 1.08
        },
        GBP: {
            EUR: 1.29,
            USD: 1.5
        },
        USD: {
            GBP: .67,
            EUR: .93
        }
    };

    var data = [
        {product: 'Product 1', currency: 'EUR', price: 644},
        {product: 'Product 2', currency: 'EUR', price: 354},
        {product: 'Product 3', currency: 'GBP', price: 429},
        {product: 'Product 4', currency: 'GBP', price: 143},
        {product: 'Product 5', currency: 'USD', price: 345},
        {product: 'Product 6', currency: 'USD', price: 982}
    ];

    var columnDefs = [
        {displayName: "Product", field: "product", width: 150},
        {displayName: "Currency", field: "currency", width: 150},
        {displayName: "Price Local", field: "price", width: 150},
        {displayName: "Report Price", field: "xxx", width: 150, cellRenderer: reportingCurrencyCellRenderer, headerCellRenderer: reportingCurrencyHeaderRenderer}
    ];

    // in the future, change this to a value getter
    function reportingCurrencyCellRenderer(params) {
        var fxRateSet = exchangeRates[params.context.reportingCurrency];
        var fxRate = fxRateSet[params.data.currency];
        if (fxRate) {
            return params.data.price * fxRate;
        } else {
            return params.data.price;
        }
    }

    function reportingCurrencyHeaderRenderer(params) {
        return params.context.reportingCurrency;
    }

    $scope.currencies = ['EUR','GBP','USD'];

    $scope.currencyChanged = function() {
        $scope.gridOptions.api.refreshView();
        $scope.gridOptions.api.refreshHeader();
    };

    $scope.gridOptions = {
        context: {
            reportingCurrency: 'EUR'
        },
        columnDefs: columnDefs,
        rowData: data,
        dontUseScrolls: true
    };

});


text:
Q: Sensitivity analysis with R: How can I make my own plot Do you know the method to do my own plot of sensitivity analysis result using R?
For example (using fast99() and a toy model):
> library(sensitivity)
> x <- fast99(model = ishigami.fun, factors = 3, n = 1000,
              q = "qunif", q.arg = list(min = -pi, max = pi))
> print(x)
> Call:
> fast99(model = ishigami.fun, factors = 3, n = 1000, q = "qunif",
         q.arg = list(min = -pi, max = pi))
> Model runs: 3000
> Estimations of the indices:
>    first order     total order
> X1 3.076874e-01   0.5506015
> X2 4.419659e-01   0.4697538
> X3 3.431342e-29   0.2391275

I just want to pick the data of the estimations of the indices (X1, X2, X3), to put them in a matrix...
Any ideas?

A: Perhaps something like this could work. First, a helper function to turn the fast99 data into a data.frame
as.data.frame.fast99 <- function(x, ...) {
    if (!is.null(x$y)) {
        S <- data.frame(X=colnames(x$X), x$D1/x$V, 1 - x$Dt/x$V)
        colnames(S)[-1] <- c("first.order", "total.order")
        S
    }
}

And now we plot the data. (Here I use the ggplot library but you could easily use others)
dd<-as.data.frame(x)
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(dd, aes(x=X)) +
   geom_point(aes(y=first.order, color="first")) +
   geom_point(aes(y=total.order, color="total")) +
   scale_color_manual(values=c(first="red",total="blue"), name="order")

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I wrote this page for two reasons. One, for Christians & others who have been misinformed that ghost are not real, or that they are evil trickery commonly known as familiar spirits, as well as demons (don't get me wrong, demons are very real, but they are a separate entity from ghosts). Secondly, I have wrote this page to help those that have been hurt, ridiculed, & bashed by those that want to push their beliefs onto others. I know all to well what it's like being misunderstood & falsely judged. You will not find judgement from anyone in our S.O.S. team. We are not here to bash anyones religious beliefs whatever they may be.
To make us believe in the after life, or perhaps calm our sorrow or fear about our lost loved one? This theory holds no water as many atheist have become God believing Christians after having a ghostly encounter. Also evil would not want to bring us comfort or closer to God.
Maybe then it's to draw people into evil doings or worship? Again, this theory makes no sense. Did Jesus not go out and cast out demons? Did he not say that his followers should go out & cast out demons in his name & to do as he did? Did His disciples not mention their belief in ghosts, & Jesus did't tell them that there is no such thing. He told them that they were not flesh.
I have seen many spirits in my life, some earth bond human spirits, others have been demons. I believe it has helped me to be even more spiritual. So why do so many (but not all) Christians & others claim that they don't exist or are evil? My own theory is that most people are afraid of the unknown, they are afraid of what they don't understand. Most people can't understand how or why some people can see spirits but they can not. Does this mean people claiming to see them are crazy or involved in evil? No, some people are simply more sensitive to the spirit realm than others. Many Christian circles & others try to protect by denouncing the existence or trying to warn because of their own fears of the unknown. This has gone on for centuries & so now most have simply been misinformed. Being an ostrich & trying to hide your head in the sand doesn't make them go away though.
So if these spirits exist (both good & bad), should everyone go around rebuking demons? By all means, No. It is in no way fun & games, but a very serious situation anytime there is a suspected evil presence. It holds very real dangers that not everyone has the knowledge, or training required to deal with them.
So if it's so dangerous, should we all steer clear? No we should not. If everyone avoids them, then who is left to help that nice family down the street that thought they just bought their dream home, only to find out that something evil resides there. Perhaps tormenting their children, or even hurting them? Who would calm the fears of those that are living with an earth bond spirit that might be unintentially scaring them or their small child from their home? There are also earth bond spirits that have not been able to move on for various reasons. These spirits need help in crossing over as well. Who will help if we all hide & avoid it?
I believe seeing spirits is a gift, not a curse (the curse is the way many people treat you). If you have the ability it can be used to help many. So if you are one of those gifted people that have been put down for seeing what causes those bumps in the night, know that you too can hold your head up & not be ashamed. Also, if you are one who has been put down by others for believing in these things, I am wanting to start a support group. Just contact me using the contact form.
Warning, Whatever you are dealing with the best way to know if you are being deceived is by the fruit it bears. Atheist have become God fearing/loving Christians after experiencing encounters with ghost. Many more people have developed a closer relationship with God after having an experience, tragedies avoided, & also grieving has been relieved for so many after encountering a past loved one who has come with a message. Demons however are very real as well & have been known to trick people. Always be very careful in dealing with anything supernatural/paranormal. Ghost hunting is in no way just fun & games as shown on many TV shows these days. The dangers are very real & should not be taken lightly.
they of the world, and the world heareth them. (6) We are of God: he that knoweth God heareth us; he that is not of God heareth not us. Hereby know we the spirit of truth, and the spirit of error."
We can't test spirits if they don't exist, so this scripture must be validating that spirits DO exist.
The Bible clearly states that the spirit of Samuel was brought forth. No where does it mention or hint that it was an evil spirit trying to trick Saul or anyone else.
But wild beasts of the desert shall lie there; and their houses shall be full of doleful (meaning; screeching or howling) creatures; and owls shall dwell there, and Satyrs (meaning; half goat & half man/ a demon) shall dance there.
This describes what the demon had done after being cast out. The demon searched for rest on dry land and couldn't find any. Many believe water is where the demons seek rest. If not, then they attempt to return to that man with even more demons trying to seek rest within him or someone else. A lot of people believe that in most hauntings where there's demons involved, you'll find that they all have one thing in common. They entered where there was water, or a lot of the activity is located at or near a water source. Other things such as ouija boards can open doors that allow them in as well. For this reason we highly recommend that you avoid them (many of our cases can be traced back to ouija use).
Clearly His disciples believed in ghosts.
"Now from the sixth hour until the ninth hour, there was darkness over all the land. And about the ninth hour, Jesus cried out with a loud voice saying, "Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?" that is, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" Some of those who stood there, when they heard that said, "This man is calling for Elijah." Immediately, one of them ran and took a sponge, filled it with sour wine and put it on a reed, and offered it to him to drink. The rest said, "Let him alone; let us see if Elijah will come to save him." And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice, and yielded up his spirit. Then, behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth quaked, and the rocks were split; and the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised, and coming out of the graves after his resurrection, they went into the holy city and appeared to many. So when the centurion and those with him who were guarding Jesus saw the earthquake and the things that happened, they feared greatly saying, "Truly this was the son of God!"
For a certain woman,whose young daughter had an unclean spirit,heard of him,and came and fell at his feet: ...and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter. But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not ment to take the childrens's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs. And she answered and said unto him, Yes Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs. And he said unto her,For this saying go thy way: the devil (demon) is gone out of thy daughter. And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.
he was one. Christ himself describes a ghost, "a ghost does not have flesh and bones". So wouldn't this indicate that ghosts do exist? Jesus could have easily said that there's no such things as ghosts, but instead He describes a ghost. Jesus didn't rebuke them for their belief in ghost, he just calmly let them know it was him. If the belief in disembodied spirits or ghosts is such a bad thing as so many people would have you believe, than why was Jesus not upset about there fear of such things? Also, lets not forget that Jesus told & taught the disciples to go out & rebuke/remove evil spirits as He had done.
In which He went and preached to the spirits in prison (not meaning literally a physical realm prison in this sense). (The souls of those) who long before in the days of Noah had been disobedient, when God's patience waited during the building of the ark in which a few (people), actually eight in number,were saved through water.
In the above scripture, they're referring to Jesus preaching to the spirits who had already passed & in a spiritual prison of sort.
Many who argue that ghosts are unbiblical point to verses 6-8. When we're dead, we're with God in heaven. So according to this, there would be no such thing as a real haunting because the spirit is in heaven at the point of death. However, that would be taking the scripture out of context.
The Apostle Paul is writing this in a Roman jail & is about to die. Christianity is illegal at this time and those who follow it face torture or death. Paul talks to the church at Corinth to ease their hearts. Our lives pass, but the afterlife is forever. Our mortal/physical body will die, but we'll be given a new one that is endless. The Apostle Paul wishes only to be in his new spirit/immortal body so he can physically be with the Lord. According to popular Christian belief, this new body is not given to us at death, but rather at the resurrection of the just, also known as the 'rapture'. The rapture is the common Christian belief that Jesus will descend from heaven at the end of days and resurrect all His followers just as He was resurrected after His death. The mortal body will be replaced with a supernatural immortal body. Two Biblical passages that give details about this are I Corinthians 15: 50-58 and 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18. These scriptures tell about what happens to a person after death.
But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not,even as others which have no hope.
.....Our friend Lazarus sleepeth;but I go,that I may awake him out of his sleep. Then said his disciples,lord,if he sleep,he shall do well. Howbeit Jesus spake of his death:but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep. Then Jesus said unto them plainly,Lazarus is dead.
So here it's supporting that when we die we're with God in heaven. He states that those who die 'sleep'. This refers to the body, not the spirit or soul. The body sleeps at death until it is changed into a new supernatural one at the end of days. So can the spirit still roam the Earth after death? The Bible does talk about ghosts, and the spirit of the dead returning to the earth.
According to the Bible, the concept of a Ghost or disembodies spirit of a deceased person is not only real, it's scriptural. Christian Scripture itself attests to the validity of ghosts, and supports that they're disembodied spirits of the dead. These days many Bible readers and teachers have read into the text with their own preconceived notions instead of reading from the texts and basing their ideas from the Scripture itself. This practice is the same as cults do to make their religious claims seem legit.
I have based my researched from many different sources, mainly the Christian Bible with an intent to help spread the truth.


text:
Australia's $3b hangover: Alcohol and drugs causing 11.5m 'sick days'
By Julia Medew and Health Editor
August 10, 2015 — 6.28pm
Hangovers are causing 11.5 million "sick days" a year at a cost of $3 billion to the Australian economy, new research suggests.
There are also fears that people who are mixing alcohol with amphetamines on the weekends are experiencing "Weepy Wednesdays" because of the delayed effects of their drug use, making them irritable and unreliable workers.
A new study has found that the more alcohol and drugs an employee consumes, the more time they are likely to take off work. Credit:Arsineh Houspian
A Flinders University study has found that the more alcohol and/or drugs an employee consumes, the more time they are likely to take off work.
After tallying the total cost of this lost productivity at $3 billion a year - up from $1.2 billion in alcohol-related absenteeism alone in 2001 - the researchers said employers should be looking at ways to promote a healthier culture in their workplace especially around alcohol, which is by far the biggest problem.
Researchers at the National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction looked at data from the 2013 National Drug Strategy Household Survey, which asked more than 12,000 people about their habits and how often they missed work, university or school because of them.
While most (56 per cent) drank alcohol at low risk levels (four or less drinks on one occasion), 27 per cent drank at risky levels (five to 10 drinks in one session) and 9 per cent drank at a high risk level (more than 11 drinks in one stint).
When asked about illicit drug use, 7 per cent used drugs yearly, 3 per cent did so monthly and 5 per cent used weekly.
Using the participants' responses, the researchers estimated Australians missed a total of 1.6 million days due to alcohol and about 854,000 days due to drug use that year, with rates of absence increasing with riskier and more frequent consumption.
The researchers then used two measures to work out the cost. The first measure multiplied the self-reported number of days missed by $267.70 (one day's wage plus 20 per cent employer on-costs).
The second measure calculated the amount of any illness/injury absenteeism attributable to alcohol and drug use by estimating the average difference in absence for those who used alcohol or drugs compared to abstainers. This figure was also multiplied by $267.70.
On the first measure, 2.5 million days were lost annually, costing $680 million. On the second, 11.5 million days were lost annually, costing $3 billion.
Lead author of the study, Ann Roche, said people indulging in alcohol and drugs on the weekend may not realise it is causing their stomach upset, headache or worsening cold by Monday, making the second measure arguably more reliable.
"Alcohol puts a bit of a tax on your immune system … and it's quite implicated in mental health problems. If people are prone towards anxiety and depression, they often self medicate with alcohol," she said.
Professor Roche said there was also anecdotal evidence of "Weepy Wednesdays" among people who use amphetamines and alcohol on the weekend and then experience a deterioration of their general wellbeing during the week.
While the average amount of alcohol being consumed by Australians has been decreasing, Professor Roche said there was evidence a minority of people were drinking extreme amounts of alcohol - enough to end up in hospital.
"There has also been a statistically significant increase in baby boomers drinking at risky levels. We've never seen that before," she said.
Professor Roche said Australian businesses should promote healthy behaviour to reduce the costs of absenteeism. She recommended formal alcohol and drug policies, education and training for staff and confidential access to counselling and treatment if people need it.
"The good news is that these kinds of strategies have been shown to be highly effective," she said.
Julia Medew
Julia Medew is Health Editor at The Age.


text:
C O N C E P T
Here's What Other's Have to Say About Working with Shauna!
"The person will come away with a strength of purpose and intention, focused on gratitude and by telling a story with invigorating energy. Shauna has the ability to help people use their resources with ingenuity, creativity, and warmth. She would not succeed in helping someone who wanted to take on a project that is moody or brooding, because her approach is one of abundance and positivity. Anyone endeavoring in that direction, wanting to create a feeling or product that glows, has optimism, or focuses on sharing, community or and growth will find magnification." - J.M.K., Sales
"Wow, Shauna! You helped me clarify so much! I'm so glad I thought of you because you are quite amazing!" - C.S., Business Founder/CEO
"Shauna was a life saver. I felt stale in my business and I needed help figuring out what was next. Shauna came in and changed my world! I learned so much about myself and what my business could be. She helped me formulate a clear plan of action and inspired me to achieve my goals. Our sessions were definitely not what I was expecting and it was such a breath of fresh air! She is a creative genius!" - E. Y., Founder/Artist
"I have made many positive changes for my business since working with Shauna. Her coaching style is the perfect combination of theoretical and hands-on. After every session with Shauna I felt empowered and full of positive energy." -J.F. Firm Owner/ Attorney
"Shauna, thank you for everything and most importantly you are amazing. You have helped me so much and I just wanted to say thank you. You have inspired me in very positive ways; like really reaching for what's in my heart!"
- J.M., Artist
"Thank you for all you do. You are an amazing visionary and a trail blazer, and I love how you are bringing back that Sweet Sense of Community I grew up with, while adding a uniquely Modern Twist. My business is better because of you." - J.E., Life Coach
"I can't say enough about how blessed I am that you are so generous to other young ladies and that you would give of your time and insight from your past experiences to help me out with this project. Thanks for blessing these young ladies. And thanks for blessing me." - B. K., Project Manager
"Shauna's commitment to our multi-faceted projects at The Healing House of New Mexico was exceptional! Her task oriented mind-set and ability to keep us in forward momentum was everything that this multi-layered business/endeavor needed as we get ready to open the doors August, 2018! As Founder, Chief Medical Officer and Naturopathic Medical Doctor she allowed me to be creative with my expertise but gifted common sense, business acumen, and a very deliberate and skillful mindset through her approaches to lifestyle branding, and business creation with attention toward today's modern client/customer/patient based-needs. Our 7-acre Medical Spa and Integrative Clinic and Retreat Center needed a tender loving heart and Shauna gave us, and our vision, just that…tender loving care. Shauna is the perfect mixture of expressing her raw, organic, authentic self in everything she is a part of, all while melding it with professional style and gumption. I, without a doubt would recommend Shauna for any business strategy, refining, organization optimization and planning to help make your dreams a true reality."
-Dr. J.F.C., N.M.D.
"I appreciate how much Shauna gave to me. Thank you, it was empowering." - J.F., Attorney
"Shauna, thanks again for everything and most importantly you are amazing. You have helped me out so much and I just wanted to say thank you. Also you have helped inspire me in very positive ways, like really reaching for what's in my heart!" -J.M., Artist
"Shauna is like the naturopath of business coaches!" - A.D., Speech Pathologist
© 2015. JamminLifestyle.com. All rights reserved.


A customized Kappa Delta apparel is something that you wear to display your affinity for the Greek organization as well as the pride of being a member in the sorority. You can wear such clothing to many occasions ranging from chapter meetings to mixers, date nights, classes, or a fun hangout with friends. The best place to pick customized Kappa Delta clothing is from an online store. But before you place the order for your favorites, here are three things to keep in mind.
It's understandable that you want to make a great impression with the customized sorority clothing that you wear, but the last thing that you want to do is put on something that is not appropriate for the event or occasion. Before you decide what your favorite is, think about when and how you would wear the Kappa Delta apparel that you buy. A formal occasion like a graduation ceremony or an interview calls for crisp clothing like a button-down shirt and suit or blazer. A semi-formal occasion like a fundraiser is an event to sport your embroidered crew neck sweater in. A casual event like a date or a sleepover with your sorority sisters is the best time to wear a tank top, a cozy tee, or a pajama. A party or a mixer calls for something more trendy and vibrant. These are occasions to flaunt your tie and dye tops, V-neck graphic tops, spirit jerseys, and all-over printed bottoms in.
Customized typically means creating your design from scratch. However, this can be a tedious and cumbersome process, if you are not great with sketching images or choosing colors. In such a scenario a design or style representative or assistant who works with the vendor can come to your rescue. He or she is a person who understands your needs and is capable of bringing any design to life, no matter how crazy or odd it may be. The rep is also someone who can help you choose the right kind of clothing, its color, size, fit etc. without hassles.
Additionally, the person can assist you with choosing the right kind of technique to embellish your dream design on to the Kappa Delta apparel – prints, embroideries, hand lettering, and so on. He or she is also someone to go to when you have unique needs, say a distinct color to be developed or a tiny detail to be added to the clothing piece.
You can be spoilt for choices with customized Kappa Delta apparel. However, that should be no excuse for you to overshoot your budgets when placing an order. The money could be something that you shelled out with hard work or something that your sisters pooled in for a cause, so be wary as to how you spend it on the sorority clothing that you've always wanted. Customized clothing gives you flexibility. Before you place an order, ask for the price quote from the vendor. If it exceeds the set limits, ask for changes that can bring down the cost. This could be choosing a different fabric quality, removing color from the print, changing the size of the design, or discarding a special feature from the garment. Good vendors will be happy to give you choices that fit your pocket. They can also give you inexpensive options, which don't look cheap. Paying attention to these three things can help you purchase the right Kappa Delta apparel for your event, at pocket-friendly prices. Also, when placing the order, choose a professional vendor to ensure that the entire ordering process happens in a timely yet hassle-free manner. Working with such a team lets you worry less about your order and spend more time with your sorority sisters as you dream designs are brought to life.


Mid-Cal Construction provides complete planning and permitting support for your marine construction project. With 40 years of experience in marine construction, Mid-Cal has developed an expertise in navigating the tangled process of waterfront permitting and a solid reputation with the regulatory agencies throughout Northern California. The product of our experience and reputation are successful projects and satisfied clients.
The process begins with Mid-Cal Construction's preliminary site inspection. This gives us the opportunity to meet with you, discuss your ideas, and examine the building site. We will then be able to better determine any permitting issues for your site.
The next step is a developing a plan that will both meet your specific project vision and adherer to regulatory restrictions. Our team evaluates all of the information gathered from the site inspection, weighs the numerous variables and begins designing your project. Variables can include the job site environment, tidal range, bottom substrate, wave exposure, and water depth. This step produces the application drawings, a critical step towards the success of your permit.
Our years of marine construction experience allows us to thoroughly understand the steps required, anticipate concerns and know the "ins and outs" of preparing a permit application. With experience working with Federal, State and Local regulatory agencies, Mid-Cal Construction has obtained permit approvals for thousands of docks over the past 40 years.
Following the submittal of the dock permit applications to the regulatory agencies, they will often have questions regarding the proposed project plans. Mid-Cal Construction will represent you throughout the application process by providing responses to any agency questions in an effort to expedite their review and achieve final permit approval.


I am 26 and after my second child I had to get a hysterectomy almost 4 years ago and I have no one to talk to about why my body is so different and I really need some questions answered if you know of anyone in Oklahoma who can help me I would really love it.
If you had only your uterus removed and not your ovaries, the problem may be more emotional and psychologic. In this case, a psychologist would be of value.
gynecologist familiar with bioidentical hormone replacement treatment.


A lot has been happening in the U.S. in the last few weeks — specifically, a lot of ridiculous things that need to be called out. And there's no one better for the job than Full Frontal's hilarious host Samantha Bee.
It's been five weeks since her last episode, so she had A LOT to catch up on during her return episode last night.
And she did it so, so well.
And this is why Samantha Bee is a #BOSS.


Megan French will be representing Leamington in this year's Miss England competition . The 19- year old qualified beauty therapist was picked from 18 contestants to be crowned Liss Leamington in the final held at Evolve nighclub in Spencer street last Frsday.
She will take part in the semi-finals of the national competition in June.
Miss French said "i'm really excited but it hasn't sunk in yet". " I guessed who I thought was going to win before by looking at photos and I had already discounted myself"
"so when I heard my name called out I was like "what is going on?""
It was a case of eighth time lucky for Miss French who has entered similar competitions before and came third in the Miss Warwick and Leamington final last year.
She said "I'.m happy to be Miss Leamington Spa", " It sounds nice, and posh as well". "I'm looking to win the Miss Engalnd crown"


Call Everywhere phone card can be used to make International calls from Australia. If you are looking to purchase this prepaid card then look no further. At MelbourneConnect.com.au we issue instant pin number even on your very first purchase. If you buy this card online from our site, you will see the pin number on the screen within seconds of your purchase. We will also email you the pin number. So, there is absolutely no wait! You will be able to use it right away.
For your convenience we carry different denomination for most cards. Call Everywhere calling card comes in many denomination. The rates for this card are very competitive. And our cheap price makes it even more attractive. We also carry hundreds of other different brand of cards. Actually we carry more cards than any other retail shops in Australia. So, no matter which card you are looking for or which destination you are calling, you can be sure to find it right over here!
Rates for call everywhere phonecard are subject to international carrier rates & daily currency exchange rate and may change without notice. A disconnection fee of 10 cents applies for every call greater than 5 minutes. Higher rates may apply international mobile phones in some countries, operator assisted calls, calls to satellite phones and calls to special or premium services. Calls to nationwide 1300 access numbers incur an additional per minute surcharge of 5 cents for calls from landline phones, mobile and pay phone. Calls to 1800 access numbers incur 9 cents per minute surcharge apply. Call is billed with additional 120 seconds on top of actual duration after 60 seconds of call. Minimum balance to call any destination is 20 cents. Local or mobile phone charges will apply with calling the phone card access number, and are billed by your phone carrier. Call charges are rounding to nearest cents. Minutes calculations on poster are base on $10 phone card which are indicating the maximum minutes of talk time with $10 calling card only. Phone card expiry date is 120 days from the first initial use. no refund for card purchased.rates for call everywhere callingcard are gst included. Customer service number 1300 79 43 79.


Cornerstone Technologies has long been recognized as a local expert on multifunction printers and print management solutions. Our primary brands include Sharp, OKI, and Lexmark. As a leader in the industry, we are able to reduce per copy costs while increasing efficiency and productivity.
You can download drivers here for your multi-function printer. Simply select the manufacturer and download your updated driver.


Newborn Baby Girls 3D Flamingo Petal Romper Jumpsuit Outfits Summer Clothes.
Hello there you're buying some thing. This information has all the details anyone conserve although shopping on the web Newborn Baby Girls 3D Flamingo Petal Romper Jumpsuit Outfits Summer Clothes.


text:
1 day Equinor Looks To Offload $1 Billion In Nigerian Oil Assets
Clean Energy Investment Hit $1.1 Trillion In 2022
The energy transition appears to…
The World's Largest Metals Market May Never Return To Its Former Glory
Last year's LME meltdown is…
The leading economics blog online covering financial issues, geopolitics and trading.
Chevron CEO Criticizes Biden's SPR Strategy
By ZeroHedge - Dec 02, 2022, 8:30 AM CST
Chevron CEO Mike Wirth spoke at the Economic Club of New York on Thursday to warn about the Biden administration's cunning plan to refill the Strategic Petroleum Reserve around the $70 a barrel level. He said filling the SPR at that level is "not necessarily a wise move."
Wirth explained the SPR should be refilled regularly to maintain adequate reserves at reasonable levels while limiting volatility in price. He said Biden's communication to the oil industry about a minimum price floor at which the US government will purchase crude provides no "meaningful" incentive for oil companies to ramp up production.
The chief executive continued to say if companies operated this way, their trading desks could easily hedge the price of crude in markets themselves, adding the SPR is currently "at a level where we wouldn't want to see it go any lower."
Wirth was on a roll criticizing the Biden administration. He said their energy policies were very "lazy" and "sloppy" because of the inability to tap into the nation's abundant resources. He means that the Biden administration has inhibited the fossil fuels industry from expanding, indicating a considerable need to improve energy infrastructure such as pipelines, transmission lines, and ports to ensure all parts of the country are well supplied at all times.
"Durable and meaningful permitting reform" would be a "huge step forward," he said.
Wirth's comments followed a CNBC report Wednesday that cited multiple sources who said the Biden administration is mulling over more SPR releases ahead of winter.
The White House appears to be bracing for another potential energy spike in the coming months. Their ability to release additional oil from the reserves could face more pressure from a Republican-led House of Representatives at the start of the new year.
"It is imperative that DOE maintain the nation's petroleum reserves in a manner that does not limit our ability to prevent or reduce the adverse impacts of true energy supply shortages," Reps. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., and Rep. Fred Upton, R-Mich. recently said.
Wirth's comments provide valuable insight into how the fossil fuel industry views the Biden administration: an inexperienced bunch of clowns ruining the country's energy independence.
By Zerohedge.com
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Scientists Find Two Completely New Minerals On Meteorite
EU Nears Price Cap Agreement On Russian Seaborne Oil


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The director of ACCA's Professional Insights, Jamie, brings a wealth of experience to his role at the head of a team of technical and policy experts.
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text:
F1 mexico race time
What time is the f1 race in Mexico?
What time is the f1 Virtual Race?
What time does the Virtual Grand Prix start? The Esports event is scheduled to get underway at 6pm BST on Sunday (April 19).
What time is f1 on in Australia?
The 2020 Eifel GP starts at 2:10pm local time on Sunday 11 October, which is 11:10pm Australian Eastern Daylight Time (AEDT) on Sunday 11 October. The AEDT for each session in Italy are as follows: Practice 1: Friday 8:00pm-9:30pm AEDT. Practice 2: Saturday 12:00am-1:30am AEDT.
Where in Mexico is the f1 race?
Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez
Who won Mexican GP?
How many f1 races left 2019?
Standings after 21 races of the 2019 season: 1.
How do you qualify for f1 Esports 2020?
BECOME THE NEXT F1 ® ESPORTS CHAMPION Ensure you are registered on the F1Esports .com website to take part. Qualification is open to anyone over the age of 16 who owns the official F1 2020 game on PlayStation 4, Xbox One or PC.
How do you watch a virtual f1 race?
How do I watch the virtual F1 races online? The races are streamed live on the F1 .com website as well as on the official YouTube, Twitch and Facebook channels. It is also being broadcast live on Sky Sports F1 , Sky Sports Main Event and Sky Sports Mix, plus on other partners around the world.
How do I watch f1 esports?
Event 1 takes place over two nights – tonight and tomorrow – and you'll be able to watch all the race action on F1 .com. For more information on the F1 Esports series, including the full team and driver line-ups, check out the official website here. googletag. cmd.
You might be interested: F1 to j1 change of status
What channel will f1 be on in 2020?
Sept. 6 Italian Grand Prix ESPN
Sept. 13 Tuscan Ferrari 1000 Grand Prix ESPN
Sept. 27 Russian Grand Prix ESPN
Who is televising f1 2020?
Formula 1 on TV You can watch every practice, qualifying and race session live on Sky Sports F1 . 6 дней назад
What channel is Formula 1 on today Australia?
All live television coverage of F1® in Australia is through Fox Sports , which is available via Foxtel and Foxtel Now. Foxtel owns the TV rights to broadcast Formula 1® in Australia, including every practice session, qualifying session and full Grand Prix race in HD.
Who is Mexican f1 driver?
How can I watch Mexican Grand Prix?
There are a few ways to watch the action unfold in Mexico . Fans looking to watch the race on TV can do so on Sky Sports' F1 channel. Existing customers can also stream the race by using the Sky Go app, which can be downloaded across a host of devices.
Where can I watch Mexican Grand Prix?
Now, it has transpired that the Mexican Grand Prix 2019 will be streamed on Twitch.
Hamilton f1 car
Schuberth f1 helmets


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Canadian tried in China on spy charges, no verdict announced
DANDONG, China — China on Friday put on trial one of two Canadians held for more than two years in apparent retaliation for Canada's arrest of a senior Chinese telecom executive.
Mar 19, 2021 9:30 AM Read more >
US charges Swiss 'hacktivist' for data theft and leaks
The Justice Department has charged a Swiss hacker with computer intrusion and identity theft, just over a week after the hacker took credit for helping to break into the online systems of a U.S. security-camera startup.
Fed to end relaxed capital requirements for large banks
WASHINGTON — The Federal Reserve says it will restore capital requirements for large banks that were relaxed as part of the Fed's efforts to shore up the financial system during the early days of the pandemic.
L.L. Bean sees sales boom amid pandemic's push to outdoors
FREEPORT, Maine — With Americans hunkering down and hankering to get outdoors during the pandemic, L.L. Bean recorded its best annual sales growth in nearly a decade, the company said Friday.
New Look Vision sold to group including CDPQ and private equity firm FFL Partners
MONTREAL — An investor group including the Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec has signed an agreement to buy New Look Vision Group Inc. in a deal that values the company at about $800 million.
New Brunswick pulls plug on plans to privatize cannabis sales
FREDERICTON — The New Brunswick government has decided not to privatize recreational cannabis sales.
Retail sales fall 1.1 per cent in January to $52.5B: Statistics Canada
OTTAWA — Canadian retail sales fell for a second consecutive month in January as many non-essential retailers were forced to restrict in-person shopping due to the pandemic, but early indications point to a rebound in February as the restrictions eas
Indonesian Muslim body clears AstraZeneca use in emergency
JAKARTA, Indonesia — AstraZeneca's vaccine against COVID-19 was cleared Friday for use in Indonesia after the drug regulator declared it safe and clerics in the world's most populous Muslim nation said a pig-derived element was acceptable in a pandem
Oilsands producer Suncor invests in carbon capture technology firm Svante
CALGARY — Suncor Energy Inc. says it is investing in carbon capture technology company Svante Inc. as it looks for ways to reduce or offset greenhouse gas emissions from its extensive oil and gas operations.
Mar 18, 2021 3:17 PM Read more >
Most actively traded companies on the Toronto Stock Exchange
TORONTO — Some of the most active companies traded Thursday on the Toronto Stock Exchange: Toronto Stock Exchange (18,836.47, down 146.63 points.) Bombardier Inc. (TSX:BBD.B). Industrials. Up one cent, or 1.35 per cent, to 75 cents on 14.


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CyberLink PowerDVD Ultra Receives BD-Video Profile 1.1 Certification
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text:
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	"selected" : false,
	'attributes' : [ {
		'name' : 'name',
		'type' : 'String',
		'description' : 'The method name. Use the method name to call the method in JavaScript code. For example: cmp.sampleMethod(param1);',
		'value' : '',
		'isRequired' : false,
		'isMultiValued' : false,
		'validValues' : []
	}, {
		'name' : 'action',
		'type' : 'Expression',
		'description' : 'The client-side controller action to execute. For example: action="{!c.sampleAction}". sampleAction is an action in the client-side controller. If you don\'t specify an action value, the controller action defaults to the value of the method name.',
		'value' : '',
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		'description' : 'The access control for the method. Valid values are: '
			+'public—Any component in the same namespace can call the method. This is the default access level. '
			+'global—Any component in any namespace can call the method.',
		'value' : '',
		'isRequired' : false,
		'isMultiValued' : false,
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		'name' : 'description',
		'type' : 'String',
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text:
bold lips + nude eyes
28 December 2012 by Carolina Engman
Picture: Elle France via whowhatwear.com
LIPS. When I do my makeup I usually tend to go for a pretty strong eye but these past couple of days I've been experimenting a bit with bold lips + naked eyes and I'm starting to become more and more obsessed with the look. Not only does it look super fresh, it also saves you so much time when you're in a rush. Check out the picture above for some great inspiration on how to perfect the look!
This entry was posted in Beauty and tagged Beauty, bold lips, lipstick, makeup, naked eye by Carolina Engman. Bookmark the permalink.
80 thoughts on "bold lips + nude eyes"
Nathalie on 28 December 2012 at 13:35 said:
Wonderful. So, so beautiful!
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Laura on 28 December 2012 at 13:41 said:
I really love this kind of make-up, so beautiful, and really great effect!
Lucy on 28 December 2012 at 13:44 said:
That lip colour is amazing! Definitely trying that out soon!
Valeria on 28 December 2012 at 13:44 said:
It looks beautiful!! I normally do the same as you, strong eyes and soft lips, maybe is time to change!!
<3 Val
http://www.beautyval13.blogspot.com
Bonnie, Clyde and Marni on 28 December 2012 at 13:47 said:
http://www.bonnieclydemarni.com
María José on 28 December 2012 at 13:57 said:
me encanta hacerme looks así!!
thesebootsaremadeforshopping.blogspot.com.es
Annie on 28 December 2012 at 14:06 said:
red lips can be the perfect eyecatcher! I just hate it when they schmudge
X, Annie
http://www.anniewear.de
Iliyana on 28 December 2012 at 14:10 said:
love red lipstick!
Ollyvia Laura Arnold on 28 December 2012 at 14:19 said:
pretty lips
http://ollyvialaura.blogspot.com
Coline on 28 December 2012 at 14:21 said:
Perfect pics!
Coline.
miro on 28 December 2012 at 14:22 said:
Eye the window for Life
SHEWOLF on 28 December 2012 at 14:38 said:
SHEWOLF
http://stylelolajaro.blogspot.com/
adele on 28 December 2012 at 14:40 said:
I love a classic red lip!
Have a fab weekend Hun xoxo
http://www.intotheblonde.com/
lovelittlelulu on 28 December 2012 at 14:49 said:
I love this makeup!
http://www.lovelittlelulu.com
Denisa on 28 December 2012 at 14:50 said:
I love red lips and I wore style like that too. Have a great day.
http://www.fashiondenis.com/
Clara on 28 December 2012 at 15:12 said:
You're right! It looks damn fresh and simple and well, very sexy!
Belén Sánchez on 28 December 2012 at 15:17 said:
I really like this trend. A great make up inspiration for New Year's Eve. http://www.fashionandthecity.es
Jaeger on 28 December 2012 at 15:20 said:
that is the most perfect lip colour
http://youngandimpressionablee.blogspot.com.au/
Nayanika on 28 December 2012 at 15:24 said:
I love your blog and your personal style…incredible!I just wish you would promote ethical,sustainable fashion and brands specializing in it!This area of fashion really needs and deserves a lot of support!!!
Trendy Bags on 28 December 2012 at 15:28 said:
Awesome look. love the lip color.
http://www.handbagmadness.com
Jennifer - Stylish Clin d'Oeil on 28 December 2012 at 15:31 said:
Simple make up, but beautiful and glamorous!! ;)
B. on 28 December 2012 at 15:31 said:
I really like this look, but nice even skin ( like yours) is a must. Although I like it even better with a bit of tan
New outfit post on http://www.tripsandtreasures.net
Meelena on 28 December 2012 at 15:35 said:
it looks great indeed!
Meelena
Sophie on 28 December 2012 at 15:40 said:
I am loving this trend right now, I hope it stays! Love that color red xx
http://scattergirll.blogspot.com
Malena on 28 December 2012 at 15:41 said:
How awesome are those lips !!
http://www.Fashioncontainer.com
Caity @ Moi Contre La Vie on 28 December 2012 at 15:52 said:
I love the *idea* of mixing up my makeup but I have to confess I usually stick to my routine, which includes brown, blue, or black eyeliner. I think I'll have to give this a try tomorrow though – Thank you for the inspiration! :)
paulina on 28 December 2012 at 16:05 said:
Great Blog!!
http://thisgirlloveschic.blogspot.co.uk/
Mia@Razzle Dazzle Rose on 28 December 2012 at 16:16 said:
Love love love this look :)
http://razzdazzle.blogspot.mx/
Florence on 28 December 2012 at 16:19 said:
Love this look. I often do it for nights out. Going to try slightly bolder eyes and bold lipstick tonight. May end up like drag queen! (will post results).
Eva on 28 December 2012 at 16:35 said:
Gorgeous photo and love the color of the lipstick! xx
Fashiable on 28 December 2012 at 16:44 said:
Yeah I love that lipstick on her!
Love this lipstick color !!
Have a look at my new post: http://www.thestilettoholic.com/
GIAA on 28 December 2012 at 17:47 said:
I totally agree with you, before I used to be all about the eyes but nowadays a bold color on the lips is easier and looks just as good!
giaa-fashion.blogspot.com/
Style-Squared by Z&M on 28 December 2012 at 17:51 said:
TOTALLY LOVE IT!!!!
monkeyshines on 28 December 2012 at 17:54 said:
Naomi A on 28 December 2012 at 18:09 said:
Fantastic bold lip color!
The Urban Promeneur on 28 December 2012 at 18:14 said:
Definitely your thing. Love these shades.
http://THEURBANPROMENEUR.blogspot.com
Koalathewanted on 28 December 2012 at 18:22 said:
This look is fabulous!! Thank you for this :)
Vittoria on 28 December 2012 at 18:30 said:
I love the first lipstick by Nars: a perfect burgundy shade! :)
http://vittoriafiveinthemorning.blogspot.it/2012/12/old-space.html
Inês on 28 December 2012 at 18:54 said:
Great tip!
Check out my blog: http://www.the-goldensoul.blogspot.com
Laurie on 28 December 2012 at 18:59 said:
Love it and I'm sure it looks great on you! I'm definitely going to try it :) xx
http://www.laurettie.blogspot.nl
Ana G on 28 December 2012 at 20:02 said:
I love the make-up, is something in the air, suddenly i decided to stop applying a lot of eye make-up, maybe a little bit of mascara but that´s all. ( And am a big fan of smooky eyes but i guessed there is a moment for every trend!)
LAZYCATSTYLE
Asjia Garner on 28 December 2012 at 20:02 said:
This is my ultimate favorite look in the makeup department! Bold lips have such a powerful effect on the face, so that it takes away the need for heavy mascara, eyeshadow, or blush. A clean face and bold lip= sharp, simple, yet dramatic!
Aga's suitcase on 28 December 2012 at 20:24 said:
Love this look
Check my new post
l'aura on 28 December 2012 at 20:25 said:
Love this make up….so beautiful !!!
http://laurasfashionpage.blogspot.it/
Jacqueline on 28 December 2012 at 20:39 said:
really loving the bold red lips as of late.
Cheers, Jacquie
http://chicadvisor.blogspot.ca/
WOWS on 28 December 2012 at 20:54 said:
Fantastic make up!!!!
Today I'm wearing a black and white look but with a special touch due to leather pants and an amazing color touch with CARMINE peep toes. Don't you like it?
Kisses from ?????? http://www.withorwithoutshoes.com ??????
Styleclouds on 28 December 2012 at 20:56 said:
Beautiful make up! Love the red lips! xo, Christina
http://www.styleclouds.de
Crista on 28 December 2012 at 22:30 said:
I like this idea a LOT.
I love this so much!
http://lauralexo.blogspot.com
Toyosi on 29 December 2012 at 0:52 said:
I adore this trend! Just a simple matte eyeshadow, liner, mascara and a bold lip and you're set.
Amanda on 29 December 2012 at 1:00 said:
lauren on 29 December 2012 at 2:53 said:
How could a photo of a woman be any more beautiful!?! xx
-Lauren at adorn la femme
http://www.adornlafemme.com
Beny Ricardo on 29 December 2012 at 3:06 said:
what a perfect make up!!!!
http://benyricardo.com/itsme!/
janet on 29 December 2012 at 4:06 said:
LOVE LOVE this style and look but I think you have to be able to pull it off well. You would look stunning :)
http://fashion-a-holic.com
Nelya on 29 December 2012 at 5:35 said:
When I think about it, I feel like it wouldn't work for me because my eyes look very small without eyeliner/mascara to help them out but, this look is actually not bad. When I did try it out, it turned out pretty good. xNel
Danne Chimal on 29 December 2012 at 7:20 said:
When i'm in a rush i just clean my face, put some blush and a lipstick and TADAAAAN! that is my fast make up :P!
Kelly on 29 December 2012 at 8:10 said:
This make up look is amazing!!
http://www.theluxurycloset.com
Sabrina on 29 December 2012 at 8:27 said:
My go to look whenever I'm in a hurry. Perfect and I love it!
apixiesviewonfashion.com
thedressychick on 29 December 2012 at 8:53 said:
Um yes please, bold lips all day!
Stacy on 29 December 2012 at 9:47 said:
I like such looks for winter!!!
Mira on 29 December 2012 at 10:41 said:
Great look. The lipstick looks too gorgeous <3
glamDevils
Melly on 29 December 2012 at 10:43 said:
I love this trend especially with long hair!
http://morgane-le-fay.blogspot.de/
mk-karen on 29 December 2012 at 11:44 said:
who took your photo? he or she must be a pro
Eilish on 29 December 2012 at 13:41 said:
http://sheischasingdreams.blogspot.com.au/
cindy on 29 December 2012 at 16:50 said:
I love the look, if only I could pull it off heh x
Theunknownsisters on 29 December 2012 at 17:43 said:
When i dont want make up…red lipstick and perfect!!
http://theunknownsisters.blogspot.com
jasmin on 30 December 2012 at 5:10 said:
i love that make up.
check out our new blog: http://www.thetwofashionlovers.com
Nadya on 30 December 2012 at 11:45 said:
I've learned that when we do makeup, go for either strong eyes- soft lips or strong lips- soft eyes. I also usually go for the bold eyes, but lately I've switched to bold lips. Gives a certain kind of strong expression on our face. Happy holidays Carolina!
http://thedillychic.com
Andrea on 30 December 2012 at 15:25 said:
such a lovely look! happy new year!
Alice on 30 December 2012 at 15:59 said:
Totally agree, wish i could pull off this look!!
http://youngeyesoffashion.blogspot.co.uk
sofia on 30 December 2012 at 17:03 said:
The freckles make the look perfect!
http://classandattitude.blogspot.pt/
Really nice lipstick color!
Just did a Christmas Haul on my blog, check out if you want!
Vintage Danielle on 30 December 2012 at 22:29 said:
Gorgeous look! I've been into red lips and neutral face too! Nothing's better than a bold lip
deadlyinlove on 30 December 2012 at 22:58 said:
I do it somehow, it creates more casual look then you don't emphasize the eyes :)
Cambridge Satchel on 31 December 2012 at 0:11 said:
Amazing Lips!
Unfortunately i dont do my makeup well.
Will keep on trying!
Great Blog! Thanks
Alyx Cohen on 31 December 2012 at 0:31 said:
http://alyxtheprincess.blogspot.com
Anja on 1 January 2013 at 20:35 said:
http://anjasfashionblog.blogspot.ch
Stéphie on 2 January 2013 at 0:19 said:
http://turningpointstatement.blogspot.ch/
Michelle Lee on 2 January 2013 at 8:21 said:
perfect look
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