text:
Why Maimane does not deserve the FNF's freedom award - Businesslive
28 November 2018 - When all is said and done, Maimane is weak, not strong. And the fight for freedom, in turn, weaker for it.
Gareth van Onselen
In October 2017, the Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom (FNF) bestowed its annual Africa Freedom Award on Hakainde Hichilema, president of the United Party for National Development, the liberal opposition in Zambia.
This week, the FNF announced that the 2018 award will go to DA leader Mmusi Maimane, to be delivered on Friday November 30.
Awards such as this should be there to honour, encourage and reward liberals and to inspire others to live up to their example. Thus, they are important and should be handed out with care and consideration, lest they reward the wrong thing. In the case of Maimane, rewarding the wrong thing, unfortunately, seems to be exactly what the FNF is doing.
The foundation, which does invaluable work in support of the liberal cause in SA, has made a serious mistake, and demeaned the value its own award in doing so.
It is a decision impossible to justify on the evidence, and not just because of where Hichilema sets the bar. Generally, Maimane and freedom have something of a love/hate relationship. If the FNF wants to present liberalism as safe in Maimane's hands, that is going to require a great many circles to be squared.
Why Maimane?
The first question is, why Maimane at all? There are many others, life-long advocates for the liberal cause, who have achieved far more for freedom, over a far longer period, than Maimane has.
Poor Jack Bloom. It would be a mistake to paint Bloom as a victim – he is more tenacious than a bloodhound – but he must be wondering what he has to do to get some recognition in liberal circles.
In 2014, he stood as the DA's Gauteng premier candidate. He was beaten by Maimane, who had been parachuted into the selection process in an explosion of the kind of politically correct smoke that has become his calling card. The winds of real-world politics have since blown much of that away, but at the time most could not see Maimane for the impenetrable haze.
In 2018, Bloom didn't even bother to put his name forward for the 2019 Gauteng premiership. He might be a country mile ahead of his nearest competitor when it comes to performance, experience and expertise in the province, but what does that matter? Bloom was there when the Democratic Party (DP) was first formed.
Nevertheless, he quietly went about his business. He was central to exposing the Life Esidimeni tragedy. And in the ensuing consequences for those responsible. Then, he basically got Brian Hlongwa fired through sheer, relentless pressure. And, frankly, all that pales in comparison to the years he has selflessly poured into fixing the Gauteng health-care system.
And don't fixate on Bloom. There are many others in the DA who have died a thousand deaths for the party. James Selfe helped write the SA constitution, and the DA constitution, and the agreements underpinning almost every DA coalition. He has held the party together and helped guide it for decades. He has won some critically important legal cases, elucidating constitutional jurisprudence in doing so.
Maimane, however, was the one on the court steps afterwards, waxing platitudinal in the way he does. So, to him the recognition goes.
Populist ignorance
In a November 2016 tweet Maimane courageously suggested he was waiting just around the next virtual corner to violently assault two racists with rocks.
Few things better illustrate Maimane's attitude to principle than his stoning tweet. He does principle only when someone has defined it in a script for him. Otherwise, he does populism. Sure, it's often neatly wrapped in the language of constitutionalism, but read between the lines and it appears he would be quite open to a good medieval stoning if he was required to provide a spontaneous response and thought the idea played well with the people.
Among Maimane's many and various stellar contributions to freedom have been the suggestion that SA holds referendums on gay marriage and the death penalty because, as he put it: "If the people want to vote on it, the people must vote on it."
At the time, his opponent, Wilmot James, said: "I don't think Mr Maimane understands the constitution at all." He was on to something.
Those two particular pieces of populist, anti-constitutional garbage, one suspects, will not feature at the FNF Awards ceremony. Then only the appropriate lines will be cut and pasted from Maimane's vast directory of constitutional clichés, to paint just the right kind of picture.
There are other examples of Maimane's constitutional ignorance. Defending the DA's decision to welcome into its ranks homophobe and convicted criminal King Dalindyebo, Maimane would say in response to the accusation that the king had already been found guilty: "He had gone on appeal! He had gone on appeal. And he is entitled to do so. The laws of the country give us that right. And he went on appeal."
That's not how legal guilt works. You are innocent until proven guilty. From that point, you are guilty until proven innocent. Freedom doesn't mean permanent innocence.
When Maimane is not suggesting we put the equality or right-to-life clauses in the Bill of Human Rights to the popular vote, he fashions himself as a constitutionalist. But that is where one must draw the line. There is no grander liberal framework into which the constitution falls. Indeed, if any such framework exists, it was written by God, not people.
Religious conservatism
Maimane's moral conservatism was incubated in Liberty Church, where he served as a pastor. He has suggested from the pulpit that homosexuality is a disease, and those infected in need of a cure. "I didn't come for the well but I came for the sick," he quoted Jesus as saying, referring to "gay people" and Muslims in his friendship circle. His is a well-meaning bigotry to be sure.
Liberty's founder and mentor to Maimane, DJ McPhail, is more strident on the subject – homosexuality should be kept out of the priesthood, he argues, equating homosexuals to child molesters: "Let's get rid of the dodgy pastors and dodgy priests and paedophiles, let's get rid of them!"
Week after week, month after month, year after year, Maimane would lend his name to the homophobic Liberty Church. When called out on the prejudice, he claimed he did not subscribe to McPhail's views. But not once has he ever denounced or distanced himself from them in any direct way. A love of freedom, you would think, demands stronger moral conviction than that.
Maimane continues to flirt with religious bigotry. He has attended several Angus Buchan rallies. In April 2017 he showed up at one on behalf of the DA, no less. Buchan, an evangelical Christian, open bigot and generally no friend of freedom, wants SA to be reimagined as a Christian theocracy where God's word is the "non-negotiable" law.
In 2016 Maimane was at another Buchan rally, this time in his personal capacity, during which Buchan said: "Please, Lord Jesus, forgive us for condoning same-sex marriage and then calling it an alternative lifestyle." Afterwards, Maimane smiled as he posed for a photo with two representatives from the Trinity Broadcast Network, which, at home and abroad, boasts a veritable pantheon of homophobic preachers and pastors.
Elsewhere, in his guise as a pastor, Maimane has decried pornography as the devil's work ("I think it is a tool of the enemy") and said that "when you bring pornography into the bedroom sex is no longer free ... all of sex must be meaningful".
All religions take a perverse interest in people's private sexual lives. They are, after all, in the business of moral proscription. But those who embrace freedom have a different attitude. And the two things are not compatible. Well, they can be made to co-exist, but that is called hypocrisy. The right reverend Maimane and the leader of the official opposition embody the paradox.
Race and quotas
Maimane has a great fondness for collective nouns and group labels. We must confront "white privilege" and "black poverty", he said recently. Also, this confused sentiment: "White people are not a problem but we are saying let's work together and they must be part of the solution." There is no problem, but we do need a solution.
Race is interwoven into Maimane's thinking. One of his more infamous policies was to try to surreptitiously introduce racial quotas into the DA, masked behind the word "targets".
"From today, I will require our structures, at constituency, regional and provincial levels, to set targets for the recruitment and development of candidates for public office. These targets, and the progress made towards achieving them, will be reviewed regularly by the federal executive," he said in 2017.
His goal was to ensure that, "by 2019, our parliamentary and legislature caucuses, and our decision-making structures at all levels, reflect the diversity of our complex society".
You can quibble to your heart's content about the difference between targets and quotas. It doesn't matter. Once you are in the business of measuring and quantifying race as a determining factor in selection, particularly in an SA environment, you are in the racial quotas game. And, once open, it is a door you can't close easily.
Thankfully, that particular policy seems to have died a quiet death. But of this you can be sure: freedom did not lie at the heart of it. Maimane had another go, ahead of the DA's 2018 federal congress, with a proposed "diversity clause", which suggested the DA would do its best to "attempt to replicate diversity in its own ranks". That, too, was defeated.
You get the sense that often it is the DA that keeps Maimane liberal, not the other way around.
On subjects like BEE and affirmative action, search the public record and you can find Maimane at one point or another either endorsing or denouncing almost every position under the sun, because he has no political philosophy he can call his own.
He wants to embrace race and also move away from race; he wants targets and sometimes even quotas ("If there are two candidates of different races and they appear for the job, pick the black one. We will support it; we wouldn't abandon the policy"), but he also wants "diversity" and excellence.
In fairness, part of that confusion is no doubt fuelled by the DA's generally schizophrenic nature on the subject of race, but regardless, he is the leader, and his own inconsistencies and lack of intellectual and ideological clarity do not help.
One of Maimane's defining moments was his response to Helen Zille's decision to locate the DA in the middle of a politically suicidal discussion about the potential benefits of colonialism's legacy.
Zille's choice was deeply problematic (it catastrophically collapsed DA support among potential black voters, a decline the DA has yet to fully recover from) but Maimane's response – that her position "could never be justified" – was to treat opinion like hate speech, and establish the parameters for an impossible bind that set freedom of speech up against bad political judgement.
In the final analysis, he used the latter to effectively outlaw the former, at least as far as the legacy of colonialism goes. Zille was banned from talking about the subject.
You have to wonder what the FNF in Germany will make of Maimane's honour. In 2009, it awarded the Friedrich Naumann Medal to Zille. It described her as "one of the most remarkable liberals in SA". And yet it was Maimane who acted to terminate her career.
When Vicki Momberg, a person who appears, first and foremost, to be in need of psychological counselling, was convicted and jailed for a series of racial slurs, the DA issued a statement saying: "This decision should therefore be welcomed by all." The great liberal protector of freedom sanctioned the idea of imprisoning people for their words.
The DA under Maimane doesn't seem to have the faintest idea of what free speech entails. If anyone says anything racist, it is the first party to run to the Human Rights Commission. The DA does not understand that the Bill of Human Rights is exactly what affords people the freedom to be racist, at least so far as a liberal reading of the document is concerned.
Offensiveness is a crime for Maimane, and the offensive must be jailed. These are not the values of a liberal party, they are the expedient positions of populism. And they are no indication of bravery either. If ever there was a test of bravery in SA, it is with regard to the current threats to freedom of speech.
Under Maimane, the DA has learnt one lesson above all others: if times get tough, if someone says something appalling, find the nearest rock to hide under. Then, when the mob has indicated just how much blood it wants in recompense, offer up the appropriately sized bucket.
And that applies as much to the DA's internal political culture. It is true that Maimane did not set that particular train in motion, but he hasn't stopped piling coal into the furnace. The DA's social media regulations are something out of the Middle Ages. And when, inevitably, things are leaked, the DA is quick these days to call for phones and laptops to be confiscated for forensic scrutiny.
It is an authoritarian attitude replicated in a number of other areas. For a federal party, one that for decades bemoaned how the ANC conflated the line between party and state – things are "run from Luthuli House" the refrain goes – increasingly the DA, the party, is taking more and more direct control over the day-to-day affairs of its governments.
And where the DA does enjoy power and is able to set the right kind of precedent, it behaves no differently from the ANC.
The party is the first to scream blue murder when it is defamed in parliament or reasonable language is outlawed as "offensive". But in the Western Cape legislature, which the DA controls, the party has replicated the ANC's intolerance for free speech almost word for word and rule for rule.
Words and phrases banned in the Western Cape legislature as "unparliamentary" include absurdities such as "rubbish"; "That is a lie"; "Fundamental untruths"; "Shut up"; "bloody"; "lying"; "A blatant lie"; "terrorist"; "Don't lie"; "I will still call you cowards"; "Hoeveel geld steel julle? [How much money are you stealing?]"; "racist"; "fools"; "jakkals [jackal]"; "chihuahuas"; "He is lying"; and "stupid".
You can tell a lot about a political party by how it behaves when actually in power. If the DA in the Western Cape is any indication of the kind of freedom of speech the party aims to bring to the National Assembly, the difference between it and the ANC is next to indistinguishable.
Recently, the DA has taken to dog-whistle politics on the issue of illegal immigration.
A few months ago, Maimane proudly introduced a disgracefully xenophobic election poster: "All South Africans first". It was later canned, yet another instance of the DA leader's populist tendencies being checked by the party.
It was probably influenced by the advice of Australian political strategist Lynton Crosby, currently advising the DA ahead of the 2019 elections and the master of dog-whistle election campaigns centred on immigration (Crosby's 2005 Michael Howard campaign revolved around the ominous slogan: "Are you thinking what we're thinking?"). Why the DA has chosen to be directed by a right-wing conservative is hard to understand, but, whatever Crosby's advice, it seems to be resonating.
It's sad to see the DA, a liberal party that is supposed to stand up for the weak and vulnerable, jump on the populist bandwagon. You can be tough on the many failures that have resulted in SA's extensive illegal immigration problem without resorting to fear-mongering and dangerous "us against them" rhetoric.
Some compassion would be nice too. What does Maimane call it again? Oh yes, the spirit of ubuntu. Where is that in the DA's immigration policy? The party's message, exemplified by Joburg mayor Herman Mashaba, is all about "us" and "them" ("Health of our people first", he recently tweeted).
Maimane punts empty slogans like "African liberalism" when it helps to establish his "Africanness". But when it actually comes to the values he advocates – we are who we are through other people – then "other people" are the real problem. He is right only in so far as that says more about the DA than it does about illegal immigrants.
Illiberal ideas
Individual freedom is not Maimane's strong point either. In 2013 he suggested that one's "Africanness" should be measured by the degree to which one subscribes to the idea of ubuntu: "Africanness is defined by one's commitment to the issues and lives of the African people. And nothing can better measure that Africanness than one's commitment to the spirit of ubuntu."
No one is quite sure what either of those two ideas mean, but that each is born of a nationalistic impulse towards collectivism is clear. A great deal of evil has been perpetrated in the name of "Africanness". It is a word you will more readily find in the nationalist's lexicon, not the liberal's.
Here is a Jacob Zuma-like anecdote from Maimane: "As you know in the black culture all the … all the girls have to assist at the funeral and … and so my wife with another cousin of ours who is married into the family were in the line to go get food and my grandmother came across and … and literally gave them a tongue lashing – that here you were standing in the line while everybody else is working. And that reminded me and that confirmed for me that they now didn't see the colour of her skin, they just thought, you are a woman, in our house, get your act together and go serve. And so I think, when I remember that story, it kind of confirms to me the journey we have been on."
As British comedian Harry Enfield used to say: "Women, know your limits."
Zuma is a big fan of patriarchal tradition too. When he said "I was in Venda recently, I was so impressed to see how people there express respect for other people – a woman would clap her hands and even lie down to show respect", he was rounded upon by all comers as sexist. At the very least, Maimane and Zuma would seem to agree that a woman's place is exactly where tradition says it is, on the ground or serving men. It is difficult to reconcile those kinds of ideas with freedom and equality.
Liberal thought is at a premium these days. Under Maimane its intellectual store has been hollowed out. Its performance monitoring system no longer even rates communication. Only activism. Both are, of course, equally important to any political organisation worth its salt.
But today, the DA is largely an unthinking machine, ruled by internal dictate and contemptuous of independent thought. It values compliance, not originality.
The slow nationalistic embrace
That the DA's distinctive ideological character has become steadily diluted under Maimane is a matter of common cause among the liberal fraternity. The saying goes: "The DA is the ANC, minus the corruption and maladministration."
On a recent trip to Germany, Maimane spoke about how the DA was trying to create a "capable state". In his 2018 state of the nation address, President Cyril Ramaphosa said: "Growth, development and transformation depend on a strong and capable state."
There is nothing inherently wrong with the idea of the capable state. The point is, it is an idea owned and defined by the ANC, and bandwagoning seems to be the only response the DA is able to provide.
In the early 2000s, the DA produced a document titled "The Corruption of Transformation". It detailed how the word and idea had been appropriated by the ANC as a smokescreen for racial engineering and nepotistic, political control. Today it is part of the DA's vocabulary.
In an August 2018 speech titled, "Economic Transformation in SA: A DA Perspective", Maimane mentioned the word 13 times, as he desperately tried to appropriate a hegemonic concept he was, in truth, surrendering to.
You see this kind of thing everywhere. It is merely the means to the ANC's ends that differentiates the DA these days. And even there it gives the ANC stiff competition.
Maimane says, if elected to national office, the DA will double the spend on social income grants and, in an age when the public sector wage bill has spiralled out of all control as the ANC relentlessly entrenches the state as the country's primary employer, Maimane has declared that the DA will double the size of the police force as well. How these are all to be funded is difficult to discern, but that has never stopped the ANC.
If this is what the DA's capable state looks like, it is a more monstrous creation than the ANC ever dreamt of.
There was a time when the DA had its own distinctive vision for SA, of an open opportunity society for all. You rarely hear anything about it these days. It has outsourced its imagination to the ANC, and the ANC's vision is not one animated by freedom, but by centralised control.
But it is not just ANC policy that Maimane regularly tries to supersize in an attempt to outdo the governing party: he has borrowed heavily from the ANC's history too.
Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, a woman the DP openly campaigned against as deeply and profoundly ethically compromised, was, in death, cleansed of all her sins. Mashaba has proposed that the City of Joburg's council chambers be renamed after her.
In 2009 the DA formally objected to her nomination as a member of parliament, saying it was "quite extraordinary" that the ANC had not removed her given her criminal record. Today that statement has been removed from the DA website.
The DA says Steve Biko, the founder of SA black consciousness, was a man who "stood for the idea which said that we are not defined by the colour of our skin or the shape of our nose, but by the content of our character". Quite the opposite is true.
So strong is the DA's zeal to artificially generate liberation credentials that in July 2017 Maimane pre-empted the death of former Zambian leader Kenneth Kaunda and, in a statement celebrating his life, described him as a "freedom fighter" and an "African liberator", all without reservation or context. Kaunda, a highly autocratic socialist, had, in fact, banned the opposition, resulting in the curious contradiction that was the leader of the official opposition in SA venerating a man who had literally established a one-party state.
It is an attitude towards history and the DA's fight for freedom and justice typical of the Maimane era. The ANC's history is the DA's history and, if not, it will be bent to that shape. In doing so, Maimane has slowly but surreptitiously yielded ground to the ANC's nationalistic worldview.
Running in the background of this analysis is the theme of bravery, something you would think was an important component of the FNF's judgement. It is difficult to argue that Maimane is cowardly: he endures daily a stream of racial abuse for his chosen political path. That is admirable. But that has been the lot of every DA leader.
To give an idea of the kind of the state terror Hichilema has had to endure: he was arrested, charged and imprisoned for treason, a crime that carries the maximum penalty of death. His house was raided, his property stolen and his bed defecated on by authorities. He was then tortured in prison. All this because he was deemed not have moved over for the president's motorcade.
Maimane was once chastised by parliament's ethics committee for failing to declare donations he received for his DA leadership campaign. He said at the time: "It was a grave oversight on the part of my office."
It is more the absence of bravery that defines Maimane – on issues of free speech, individual liberty in the face of ubiquitous racial groupthink, and on tough policy decisions. He is, first and foremost, a compromiser and consensus-seeker, more than a leader. And the terms for any given compromise are not determined by him but by whatever warring factions he seeks to appease, inside or outside the party.
The problem is not that Maimane does not stand for something. It is that no one knows what he stands for on any given day. Is it God's law or the constitution? Popular sentiment or principle? Liberalism or groupthink? The ANC's history or the DA's? The government's programme of action or his own distinctive policy programme? It is, in truth, a lottery.
Any political party inevitably takes on the characteristics of its leader and it is for this reason the DA appears today strategically adrift, ideologically amorphous and without conviction or purpose. It does not define debate, it responds to it. It does not win arguments, it facilitates them. And it does not say what it means, it clarifies what it does not mean.
When all is said and done, Maimane is weak, not strong. And the fight for freedom, in turn, weaker for it.
In defending his decision this year to indulge a nomination (one he refuses to disclose) to stand for the Western Cape premiership, Maimane said: "The last thing I need as a leader of the DA is to go backwards. Once you start going backwards in any election, it creates a problem because it's very difficult to arrest once you see a decline."
It was a revealing justification. In 2014 Maimane spoke openly about how the DA was targeting 30% of the national vote. Now it seems to be guarding against an actual loss in support, off a 22% baseline, for the first time.
It's been a terrible year on the vote-winning front for the DA. The election of Cyril Ramaphosa revealed that the DA had inadvertently put all its eggs in one basket. The many internal DA wranglings have forced the party to focus internally, not externally. Polls suggest it is the EFF, not the DA, that is mopping up disgruntled ANC voters. That, or the ANC is winning them back.
There is time for the DA to right the ship and show some small growth in 2019. Anything less than bringing the ANC below 50% in Gauteng is going to be a hard sell to the party faithful. A decade of ruinous leadership under Zuma demands that at the very least. And so the risk the FNF has taken, just like the DA itself, is to celebrate a man who has yet to pass the ultimate political test: a national election. Now that is brave.
The FNF, no doubt trying valiantly to demonstrate to the mother body back home in Germany that liberalism is going from strength to strength in SA and on the back of its support, has profoundly overextended itself.
Maimane is a well-meaning, good man, but a champion of freedom he is not. You cannot manufacture a leader with awards, just as you cannot transform the absence of bravery into evidence of it, or contort populism and conservatism into liberal thought. The truth will out.
Awards that should be reserved for unprecedented achievement or a lifetime of dedication, given out at the beginning of a career, not the end, are inevitably the product of hope, not recognition.
Unfortunately, these kinds of hard truths cannot be stomached at the moment, in the FNF or the DA. The emperor is clothed in the finest garments. He must be, otherwise it would be necessary to have an entirely different discussion about the state of freedom, liberalism and the DA. Certainly it is hard to argue the DA is a more liberal institution than when Maimane first found it. And no one wants to hear that. The show must go on.
https://www.businesslive.co.za/fm/opinion/2018-11-28-gareth-van-onselen-why-maimane-does-not-deserve-the-fnfs-freedom-award/


text:
Cal State Long Beach Dream Success Center Opens, Will Provide Support for AB540, Undocumented Students
March 13, 2015 March 14, 2015 LBLN
Participating in the ribbon-cutting ceremony of the Dream Success Center were (l-r) center director Rafael Topete, President Jane Close Conoley, and CSULB students Elizabeth Zambrano and Joseph Phillips. Photo by Kevin Tran
With the opening of the Dream Success Center at California State University, Long Beach (CSULB) this week, undocumented and AB540 students now have a place to call their own. The center, located in newly dedicated Room 309 of the University Student Union (USU), will provide support and services that help meet some of their unique needs.
The grand opening and ribbon-cutting event, which took place on the terrace of the USU, was attended by approximately 200 individuals, including representatives from Rep. Alan Lowenthal's (D-47th District) and Sen. Ricardo Lara's (D-33rd District) offices, who presented officials with certificates of recognition in honor of the day.
"These students face unique challenges both in and out of higher education, and it is crucial for us to provide institutional support in their educational endeavors," said CSULB's Dream Success Center Coordinator Edgar Romo, who was hired last fall. "A center serves as not only a physical space dedicated to their needs as students, but as a commitment from the university to prioritize student success."
The CSULB center is the fourth such one to open within the California State University (CSU) system's 23 campuses to go along with those at Cal State Northridge, Cal State Fullerton and Cal State L.A.
"We have to be always watchful of insuring that every group in our university get the support they need to be successful," said CSULB President Jane Close Conoley while speaking at the event. "The task, of course, is ahead of us. We've opened the center and now it's for us to make it real, to make it a strong support for each student who takes advantage of having a place of their own where they can connect with one another."
It is estimated that there are some 650 AB540 and/or undocumented students at CSULB. The Dream Success Center will offer them referrals to financial assistance, information on programs and services designed to improve retention and graduation rates and a place where students can connect with one another. The center also will provide computers, career development and other academic services.
Last March, CSULB's Associated Students, Inc. passed a resolution in support of creating a resource center for undocumented students. In April 2014, undocumented student leaders met with then Interim CSULB President Donald Para and recently appointed President Conoley to discuss steps to be taken to address undocumented student concerns.
In November, CSULB officials hired Romo as the Dream student success coordinator and later that month, the University Student Union Board of Trustees voted in favor of dedicating a room in the student union to serve as the Dream Success Center, which led to today's event.
"As a student it's so hard to navigate through the myriad of resources that are available on campus," said Jorge Sandoval Ocampo, an undocumented student, who transferred to CSULB from Santa Ana College. "When I saw the Dream Success Center I thought to myself, 'Every time I go into that center I'm going to be one step closer to success.' What is being done right now is working, it's helping me succeed and this center is another step in the right direction."
← Celebrate St. Patrick's Day Tomorrow at the Long Beach Irish for a Day Inaugural Parade on Pine Avenue
Long Beach Water Announces Free Smart Water Meter Installation Program →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home Entertainment Paatal Lok Season 2: True Glory of Underworld Revealed
Paatal Lok Season 2: True Glory of Underworld Revealed
July 25, 2020 10:00 am EDT
Let's get to know all the insights about the most awaited Crime Thriller Web Series –Paatal Lok, which has been the talk of the town lately. The story is based on day to day life of a common man in Delhi-NCR and is somewhat inspired by Tarun Tejpal's 2010 Novel named –The Story of my Assassins.
The critics have compared the series with some famous ones like Mirzapur and sacred Games but these series have surpassed them in terms of Success. Paatal Lok has been regarded as the Finest Thriller Drama which is ever made in Bollywood. After the First Season, people have been wondering what is going to happen in season 2.
Talking about the Release of this series, there have been speculations that season 2 of Paatal Lok will be there but no one has actually given any official confirmation regarding this.
But after the First Season release on 15th May 2020 on Amazon Prime which created a sensation amongst the watchers, there can't be any doubt that makers aren't Planning to make season-2 of Paatal Lok After it gained so much love and appreciation which is another reason to convince the creators as it is the audience can't really satiate themselves with just 9 episodes only.
There is a possibility that the makers are waiting for an ongoing pandemic to get over and then they can make any official announcements. For now, we can only guess, so Fans don't get upset as the makers are surely not going to disappoint you. Thus, the series is neither cancelled nor renewed till now on Amazon Prime.
The cast if we see in First Season Jaideep Ahlawat as Hathiram Chaudhary playing the lead role, Gul Panag as Renu, Bodhisattva Sharma as Siddharth, Ishwak Singh as Imran Ansari, Neeraj Kabi as Sanjeev Mehra, Swastika Mukherjee as Dolly, Niharika Lyra Dutt as Sara Mathews are to name a few among all the actors and honestly we don't' want any of these to be replaced as they did a commendable job, but yes we would surely like to welcome new faces who could make it more Thrilling.
Let's see who they going to include in this underworld thriller crime story for season-2 of Paatal Lok.
The story is about a Delhi Police Officer who gets a breakthrough in his career because of a high profile case. The investigation of the case takes a horrendous turn and reveals the truth of Paatal Lok: The Underworld. His intuition pushes him to dig deep into the suspect's life as a result he gets to face the reality which makes him realize his responsibilities as a Cop turning his life upside down.
Everyone is waiting on official news on Season-2, so are we but till then if you haven't watched the amazing thriller season-1, go watch now as you are missing out on the unusual thriller series made by Our Country.
That was all for today. We'll be back with more updates, till then Stay tuned and Stay Safe.
Previous articleBad Boys 4: Is the fourth instalment confirmed? Get all updates here.
Next articleNightwing – Origin of a Star from the book of Superheroes!
Hello friends, I am Mohit, the author of thejusticeonline. I have a passion for writing, and I put in all my efforts to provide my readers with what they are looking for, through my articles.
Amitabh Bachchan Holds The Sword Of Light In The First Poster Of Brahmastra
Netflix is all set to release the 2nd season of "SHE" on 17th June
Here Are Some Of Akshay Kumar's Upcoming Movies After Prithviraj
Destiny 2, how a beginner will get used to the game
6 Tips For Naming Your Startup Business
Complete Guide about TIOmarkets Review
Know how banks can benefit from cryptocurrencies
From Supercomputer Param to Own Satellite Navigation System, the story of India's dominance in technology


Pen dropped on carpeted floor.
Pen drop on wooden pen dropped on glass table.
Pen drop on wooden floor.
Plastic pen tapping hard on paper pad.
Writing with a pen on a paper, various taps on hand.
Writing with a pen on a paper with various signatures.
Writing with a pen on a paper with various shapes and letters.
Writing with a pen on a paper with various marks and lines.
Writing with a pen on a paper with taps and drop.
Writing with a pen on a paper, scribble.


text:
The "Madonna Della Lettera"
Istituto comprensivo G.R. Livatino - Roccalumera - ME
The feast in honor of the "Madonna della Lettera" in Messina is one of the most important festivals in the city
in which all the people of the city take part with great devotion. The cult of the Madonna della Letter in Messina was established in the eighteenth century, a time when the Virgin was elected Patroness of the city. The feast is celebrated on June 3 every year.
According to tradition in 42 A.D. at the dawn of Christianity, the Senate of Messina sent a delegation to Jerusalem made up of four delegates and the apostle Saint Paul, architect of the evangelization of the city, who introduced them to the Virgin Mary, to whom they communicated the conversion of the Messina. On 8 September the delegates returned to Messina, carrying a letter in Hebrew from the Madonna, with a lock of her hair attached. In the document, written in Hebrew there was this sentence: having known the way of truth through the preaching of Paul the Apostle, elected for which thing, we bless you and the same city of which we want to be perpetual protector. From Jerusalem in the year 42 of Our
Son.
The Feast of Our Lady of the Letter culminates on the afternoon of June 3 when the silver statue created by the Messina sculptor Lio Gangeri, placed on a varetta with the reliquary containing the hair with which the Virgin tied theThe Feast of Our Lady of the Letter of Messina 2022 will take place on Friday 3 June. So best wishes to all the Letterio or Lillo and to all the Letteria or Lilla.
(+1 rating, 1 votes)
Rebecca Maucci
II B – Furci Siculo


Dave looks at the spectacularly cheap $20 DPS series CC/CV modules from RD Tech.
How to make a 30V 3A bench power supply with 1mA resolution constant current limiting and multi function display using junk bin parts.
The DPS3003 30V 3A module in particular.
In one of the threads on these modules (here) around nine months to a year ago, I think the OP had figured out how to make the modules externally programmable.
Anyway, at some point the OP of that thread discoverd some glitch in the device which suddenly caused the voltage to become uncontrolled, and I think caused some kind of problem. I don't think this was in the standard use case, so it likely does not matter to viewers just looking for a power supply.
Also, this was a while ago so its entirely likely that whatever the glitch was the manufacturer may have fixed it.
I will try to find the exact link. This was when I was looking for a good power supply so I may have even bookmarked it.
So, if this glitch was fixed, these supplies may also be a good base for a project to build a programmable CV/CC supply.
I already have a bench top supply based on their DPH3205 buck-boost module. The power source is a Cosel 12V/13A switcher.
I made one of these myself a couple of weeks ago and absolutely love it.
Would recommend to anyone, wanting a small PSU.
That overshoot when relased from CC into resistor to CV with no load at 10V (last test) was only slight - perhaps it's because the module can't deliver more than 11something volts.
I wonder what the overshoot looks like when set to 5V, for example - whether it jumps to maximal input voltage too.
This is my Powersupply using that module.
This Aliexpress seller (RD) has a chart of the specs and links for different models. Scroll down to see the chart.
That is, if I can figure out how to open its damn box!
I built my bench PSU around the DPS3012. I got a 36V 10A open frame power supply for $12 on eBay and put it in an old salvaged housing with a couple fans out of an old server. Total out of pocket was $37 and it has handled some pretty stout sustained loads.
With the experience of the EEVBlog community, why isn't there an open hardware solution with a version of this?
The software side would be pretty straightforward (could do it with my eyes closed).
So are these step down only? So if I want 20v I will need to input 25v or so?
There is a buck-boost version. Search for DPH3205.
So, I could in theory, make it into a mains plug in by building an unregulated power supply to supply the requirement for these modules? I think I have the parts to make a 36 volt (heavily filtered) DC at about 2-3 Amps.
As some of you have noticed, we've stopped taking new orders for the EEZ H24005. Because we intentionally didn't include a large margin in our pricing, the cost of the current manufacturing run is essentially the price paid for each unit and there essentially won't be any left over to sell outside of those already purchased. Parts have already been ordered and deposits already paid to our manufacturers, so we can no longer accommdate new orders in the current batch. However, we've been discussing making a second batch, so please subscribe to project updates if you'd like to be informed if/when a next batch becomes available.
I wonder when or if they are making more.
There are new communication versions. You can control it via opto-isolated USB.
IMHO this is the best bang for the buck version. The largest current with the compact design. Next model got a large external PCB.
This is the firs unit I built. It got a internal battery pack (75.8Wh, 11.4V, protection PCB with balancing). I can power it via a Dell laptop PSU or the internal battery pack. Size is only 10x10x5cm.
The biggest flaw with these modules is the low side current measurement. You have to be careful if using these in parallel and /or using a non-floating DC PSU for power input. The return current may go the wrong path and skew the modules current measurement.
The ripple was surprisingly low in the DPS5005 module. This is measured with 12V input and 5v 5A output.
What kind of LCD is used?
I'm aware small OLEDs are extremely cheap on alibaba or similar sites, however this also may be some cheap TFT color LCD.
The srceen is LCD not OLED.
I'd be curious to see a test at it's rated current output.
These look pretty nifty though, might get one or two. I need to build myself a variable bench supply anyway, still using an old ATX power supply with it's fixed voltage rails.
Going to build one, as second PSU next to my trusty Delta Elekronika. What do you think, will noise/ripple figures be better if the module is powered by a classic transformer , bridge rectifier and big cap? Or is it not worth the weight and size increase of the unit?


*All Full-time students are required to have health insurance and must either waive or enroll in the University Health Insurance before the first billing date each year. Without the waiver, your direct cost will increase by the cost of the insurance. Visit myFramingham to waive or enroll.
* Part time day students and day graduate students please refer please refer to "All About Tuition and Fees" for more information regarding semester pricing.
*All Full-time students are required to have health insurance and must either waive or enroll in the University Health Insurance. Without the waiver, your direct cost will increase by the cost of the insurance. Visit myFramingham to waive or enroll.
*Registration Late Fee: A $30.00 late fee will be charged for registrations received on or after the first day of the semester.
*Additional fees may apply. Refer to the course schedule for total cost information.
* Graduate International Student Fee: $1,200.00 per semester in addition to the course cost.
*Refund Rules are based on the academic calendar and course meeting dates. Click here for more information on the refund policy for courses offered through Continuing Education.


text:
in: Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Airborne divisions of the United States Army, United States Army divisions during World War II, Military units and formations established in 1943
17th Airborne Division (United States)
17th Airborne Division
Shoulder sleeve insignia
Golden Talons
Thunder From Heaven
Operation Varsity
Major General William Miles (Bud) Miley
The 17th Airborne Division was an airborne unit in the United States Army during World War II, and was commanded by Major General William M. Miley. It was officially activated as an airborne division in April 1943 but was not immediately shipped out to a combat theater, remaining in the United States to complete its training. During this training process, the division took part in several training exercises, including the Knollwood Maneuver, in which it played a vital part in ensuring that the airborne division remained as a military formation in the United States Army after the poor performance of American airborne forces in Sicily. As such it did not take part in the first two large-scale airborne operations conducted by the Allies, Operation Husky and Operation Neptune, only transferring to Britain after the end of Operation Overlord.
When the division arrived in Britain, it came under the command of XVIII Airborne Corps, part of the First Allied Airborne Army, but was not chosen to participate in Operation Market-Garden, the airborne landings in the Netherlands, as Allied planners believed it had arrived too late and could not be "trained up" in time for the operation. However, after the end of Operation Market-Garden the division was shipped to France and then Belgium to fight in the Ardennes during the Battle of the Bulge. The 17th gained its first Medal of Honor during its time fighting in the Ardennes, and was then withdrawn to Luxembourg to prepare for an assault over the River Rhine. In March 1945, the division participated in its first, and only, airborne operation, dropping alongside the British 6th Airborne Division as a part of Operation Varsity, where it gained three more Medals of Honor. The division then advanced through Northern Germany until the end of World War II, when it briefly undertook occupation duties in Germany before shipping back to the United States. There, it was officially inactivated in September 1945, although it was briefly reactivated as a training division between 1948 and 1949.
1 Formation
1.1 Swing Board
1.2 Knollwood Maneuver
2.1 The Battle of the Bulge
2.2 Operation Varsity
2.2.1 Preparation
2.2.2 Battle
2.2.3 Aftermath
3 Order of battle
The German military pioneered the use of large-scale airborne formations, first during the invasion of Norway and Denmark and later that year during the assaults on the Netherlands and Belgium in 1940 and later in the Battle of Crete in 1941.[1] The Allied governments were aware of the success of these operations (but not of the heavy German casualties incurred, particularly during the assault on the Netherlands and the invasion of Crete) and decided to form their own airborne formations.[2] This decision would eventually lead to the creation of five American and two British airborne divisions, as well as many smaller units.[3][4] The 17th Airborne Division was activated on 15 April 1943 at Camp Mackall in North Carolina, under the command of the newly promoted Major-General William M. Miley. The division was originally composed of the 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment, activated on 11 January 1943 at Fort Benning, the 193rd Glider Infantry Regiment, and the 194th Glider Infantry Regiment.[5] The official dedication ceremony for the unit took place on 1 May 1943 with thousands of civilian and military spectators, including Major-General Eldridge G. Chapman, overall commander of Airborne Command and of all American airborne forces during World War II.[6]
Major General William Miley, seen here as a brigadier general, commanded the 17th Airborne Division for the entirety of its activation.
Once activated, the division remained in the United States for training and exercises. As the division, like all airborne units, was intended to be an elite formation, the training regime was extremely arduous.[7] There were 250 feet (76 m) and 34 feet (10 m) towers built from which prospective airborne troops would jump off of to simulate landing by parachute, lengthy forced marches and practice jumps from transport aircraft; to pause in the doorway of an aircraft during a practice jump resulted in an automatic failure for the candidate. The resultant failure rate was accordingly high, but there was never a shortage of candidates, especially for the American divisions, as the rate of pay was much higher than that of an ordinary infantryman.[7] As the division trained, a debate developed in the United States Army over whether the best use of airborne forces was en masse or as small compact units. On 9 July 1943, the first large-scale Allied airborne operation–the Allied invasion of Sicily (Operation Husky)–was carried out by elements of the 82nd Airborne Division and the British 1st Airborne Division.[8] The commanding officer of the 11th Airborne Division, Maj. Gen. Joseph M. Swing, had been temporarily assigned to act as airborne advisor to General Dwight D. Eisenhower for the invasion of Sicily, and had observed the airborne assault, which went badly. The 82nd Airborne Division had been deployed by parachute and glider and had suffered high casualties, leading to a perception that it had failed to achieve many of its objectives.[9]
Swing Board
Eisenhower had reviewed the airborne role in Operation Husky, and had concluded that large-scale formations were too difficult to control in combat to be practical.[10] Lieutenant General Leslie J. McNair, commander of Army Ground Forces, had similar misgivings: once an airborne supporter, he had been greatly disappointed by their performance in North Africa and more recently Sicily. However, other high-ranking officers believed otherwise, notably General George Marshall. He persuaded Eisenhower to set up a review board and to withhold judgement on the effectiveness of divisional-sized airborne forces until a large-scale maneuver could be tried in December.[11] When Swing returned to the United States to resume command of the 11th Airborne in mid-September 1943, he had an additional role.[12] McNair ordered him to form a committee – the Swing Board – composed of United States Army Air Forces, parachute and glider infantry, and artillery officers to arrange a large-scale maneuver that would effectively decide the fate of the divisional-sized airborne force.[9] As the 11th Airborne Division was in reserve in the United States, and had not yet been earmarked for overseas shipment, the Swing Board chose it as the test formation; it would be opposed by a composite combat team from the 17th Airborne Division with a battalion from the 541st Parachute Infantry Regiment temporarily attached.[13] The maneuver would also provide both divisions with further airborne training, as had occurred several months previously in a large-scale maneuver undertaken by the 101st and the 82nd Airborne Divisions.[14]
"I do not believe in the airborne division. I believe that airborne troops should be reorganized in self-contained units, comprising infantry, artillery, and special services, all about the strength of a regimental combat team [...] To employ at any time and place a whole division would require a dropping over such an extended area that I seriously doubt that a division commander could regain control and operate the scattered forces as one unit."
–The conclusion of General Eisenhower's review of the performance of American airborne forces during Operation Husky[9]
Knollwood Maneuver
The objective for the 11th as the attacking force was to capture Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield[15] near Fort Bragg in North Carolina, after which the maneuver was named. The defending forces were to try to defend the airport and the surrounding area and repel the airborne assault.[16] The entire operation would be observed by Lt. Gen. McNair. His observations and reports to the U.S. War Department, and ultimately Eisenhower, would do much to decide the success or failure of the exercise.[17] The Knollwood Maneuver took place on the night of 7 December, with the troops of the 11th Airborne Division being delivered to thirteen separate objectives by 200 C-47 Dakota transport aircraft and 234 Waco CG-4A gliders, with eighty-five percent of the airborne troops being delivered to their target without navigational error.[18] The transport aircraft were divided into four groups, each taking off from a different airfield in the Carolinas, with two groups dropping paratroopers and two towing gliders, and between them deployed 4,800 airborne troops in the first wave. These airborne troops then seized the Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield from the defending troops and secured the area in which the rest of the division landed, all before daylight.[18] Having secured their initial objectives, the 11th Airborne Division then conducted a coordinated ground attack against a reinforced infantry regiment, as well as several aerial resupply and casualty evacuation missions in coordination with transport aircraft.[18] The exercise was judged to be a great success by those who observed it. McNair reported that the success of the maneuver pleased him, and highlighted the great improvements in airborne training that had occurred in the months between the end of Operation Husky and the Knollwood Maneuver.[19] Due to the success of the units of the 17th Airborne Division during the exercise, the divisional-sized airborne force was deemed to be effective and was allowed by Eisenhower to remain.[19]
The division also participated in the Second Army maneuvers in the Tennessee Maneuver Area from 6 February 1944.[20] It finished its training on 27 March 1944,[21] and transferred to Camp Forrest on 24 March 1944. The division staged at Camp Myles Standish on 12 August 1944 before departing Boston Port of Embarkation on 20 August 1944.[20] It arrived in Britain on 26 August.[22] Once in Britain the division was attached to XVIII Airborne Corps, which commanded all American airborne formations, and which in turn became part of First Allied Airborne Army when it was formed on 21 August under the command of Lieutenant General Lewis H. Brereton.[23] Although attached to XVIII Airborne Corps, the division was not chosen to participate in Operation Market-Garden, a large-scale airborne operation intended to seize several bridges through the Netherlands to allow the Allied armies to bypass the Rhine river and enter Germany. It was passed over in favour of the 101st and 82nd Airborne Divisions because it had only recently arrived in the European Theater of Operations and was considered to be unprepared logistically as it was still collecting its combat equipment.[24] The division remained in Britain as a theater reserve during Market-Garden and its aftermath, as the Allied armies continued their advance towards Germany.
The Battle of the Bulge
On 16 December the Wehrmacht launched an offensive in the Ardennes region of Belgium, breaking through Allied lines and rapidly advancing towards Antwerp.[25] On the afternoon of 17 December, Eisenhower decided to commit his theater reserve to the Ardennes in an attempt to halt the German advance; this consisted of the 17th, 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions under the control of XVIII Airborne Corps. The three divisions were to be attached to the US First Army and were ordered to concentrate around the town of St Vith.[26] However, while the other two airborne divisions were able to immediately make their way to the Ardennes as they were already stationed in France, bad weather prevented the 17th from flying in from where the division was stationed in Britain for several days. On 23 December the weather cleared and the division was finally flown to France by emergency night flights. It moved to an assembly area near Rheims.[26] On Christmas Day, the division was attached to the US Third Army and ordered to assume a thirty-mile long defensive position that ran along the Meuse River near Charleville.[27] By 1 January 1945 the threat to Charleville had eased sufficiently for the division to be transferred to another area of the Ardennes, being transported to an area south-west of Bastogne near the village of Morhet on 3 January; there it relieved the 11th Armored Division which had occupied the village prior to its arrival.[28] On 4 January the division entered combat for the first time when it was ordered alongside the 87th Infantry Division to seize a number of key towns to the west of Bastogne, in order to prevent German forces from encircling the town a second time; it had been relieved by the Third Army on 26 December. With the 87th Infantry Division on its left flank, the division advanced towards German positions with the 194th Glider Infantry Regiment and 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment forming the division's assault element; the 193rd Glider Infantry Unit and 507th Parachute Infantry Regiment moved behind these two regiments to deal with expected German armoured counter-attacks against them.[28] During its initial advance the division engaged German forces, including infantry and armour, in an attempt to secure a narrow, high-rimmed road to the north-west of Bastogne; during a battle that lasted three days the division suffered nearly 1,000 casualties attempting to hold what the division's official historian labeled 'Dead Man's Ridge'.[29] It was during the opening stages of this battle that the division earned its first Medal of Honor. Sergeant Isadore S. Jachman of the 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment engaged and destroyed two German tanks with a bazooka that formed part of an armoured column attacking American positions, forcing the column to retreat but simultaneously being killed by machine gun fire.[30] Between 19 and 26 January, the division broke through German lines and captured several towns before linking up with elements of the British 51st Highland Division. After it had captured the town of Espeler on 26 January the entire division was withdrawn from the front and transported by truck to Luxembourg, effectively ending its participation in the Ardennes campaign.[30][31]
After participating in the Battle of the Bulge, the division was moved behind the front-lines as a reserve formation and theater reserve, whilst the Allies continued their advance towards the German interior. However, even as the division received reinforcements and trained, it had already been selected to take part in a highly ambitious airborne operation code-named Operation Eclipse. This operation, which got to such an advanced stage that plans had been created and divisional commanders briefed, called for the 17th and 82nd Airborne Divisions, along with a brigade from the British 6th Airborne Division, to be dropped in daylight in and around Berlin to capture the city.[32] The operation received the support of General Henry H. Arnold, the Chief of the United States Army Air Corps, but planning ended on 28 March, when General Eisenhower sent a message to Marshal Joseph Stalin indicating that the Allied armies would not attempt to capture Berlin, thereby making Eclipse obsolete.[32] Eclipse and several other similarly ambitious airborne operations came to nothing, but in February the division finally received word that it would be involved in an Allied airborne operation to cross the River Rhine in support of 21st Army Group that would take place during March.[33]
Members of the 466th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion prepare for Operation Varsity.
By March 1945, the Allies had advanced into Germany and had reached the River Rhine. The Rhine was a formidable natural obstacle to the Allied advance,[34] but if breached would allow the Allies to access the North German Plain and ultimately advance on Berlin and other major cities in Northern Germany. Following the 'Broad Front Approach' laid out by General Eisenhower, it was decided to attempt to breach the Rhine in several areas.[35] Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, commanding the British 21st Army Group devised a plan to allow the forces under his command to breach the Rhine, which he entitled Operation Plunder, and which was subsequently authorized by Eisenhower. Plunder envisioned the British Second Army, under Lieutenant-General Sir Miles Dempsey and the U.S. Ninth Army under Lieutenant General William Simpson crossing the Rhine at Rees, Wesel, and an area south of the Lippe Canal. To ensure that the operation was a success, Montgomery insisted that an airborne component was inserted into the plans for the operation to support the amphibious assaults that would take place, which was code-named Operation Varsity.[36] Three airborne divisions were initially chosen to take part in Varsity, these being the British 6th Airborne Division, the US 13th Airborne Division and the 17th Airborne Division, all of which were assigned to the US XVIII Airborne Corps.[37]
However, as planning for Operation Varsity began, it soon became obvious that there was a lack of suitable transport aircraft to transport all three airborne divisions.[38] As such the 13th Airborne Division was dropped from the operational plan, primarily because it had no combat experience, whereas the 6th Airborne Division had participated in Operation Tonga, the British airborne landings during Operation Neptune, and the 17th had seen combat in the Ardennes.[38] The plan for the operation was therefore altered to accommodate the two remaining airborne divisions. This would be the first airborne operation the 17th would take part in, and indeed would be its only before it was disbanded. The two airborne divisions would be dropped behind German lines, with their objective to land around Wesel and disrupt enemy defences in order to aid the advance of the British Second Army. To achieve this, both divisions would be dropped near the town of Hamminkeln, and were tasked with a number of objectives; they were to seize the Diersfordter Wald, a forest that overlooked the Rhine and had a road linking several towns together; several bridges over a smaller waterway, the Issel, were to be seized to facilitate the advance; and the town of Hamminkeln was to be captured.[39] Once these objectives were taken, the airborne troops would consolidate their positions and await the arrival of Allied ground forces, defending the territory captured against the German forces known to be in the area.
The 17th was to land its units in the southern portion of the area chosen for the operation, engaging the German forces that were defending the area, securing the Diersfordterwald Forest which dominated the surrounding area and capturing three bridges that spanned the River Issel.[40] It would then hold the territory it had captured until it linked up units from the British 6th Airborne Division, which would land in the northern section of the operational area, and finally advance alongside 21st Army Group once the Allied ground forces had made contact with the airborne forces. To avoid the heavy casualties incurred by the British 1st Airborne Division that had occurred during Operation Market-Garden, both Allied airborne divisions would only be dropped after Allied ground units had crossed the Rhine and secured crossings; the two divisions would also be dropped only a relatively short distance behind German lines, to ensure that reinforcements would be able to link up with them after only a few hours and they would not be isolated.[41]
Map of the Operation Varsity planned drop zones
Operation Plunder began at 21:00 on 23 March after a week-long aerial bombardment of Luftwaffe airfields and the German transport system, involving more than ten thousand Allied aircraft.[42] By the early hours of 24 March units of 21st Army Group had crossed the Rhine against heavy German opposition and secured several crossings on the eastern bank of the river.[43] In the first few hours of 24 March, the transport aircraft carrying the two airborne divisions that formed Operation Varsity took off from airbases in England and France and rendezvoused over Brussels, before turning north-east for the Rhine dropping zones. The airlift consisted of 541 transport aircraft containing airborne troops, and a further 1,050 troop-carriers towing 1,350 gliders.[43] The 17th Airborne Division consisted of 9,387 personnel, who were transported in 836 C-47 Dakota transports, 72 C-46 Commando transports, and more than 900 Waco CG-4A gliders.[44] At 10:00 on the morning of the 24th, the first Allied airborne units began to land on German soil on the eastern bank of the Rhine, some thirteen hours after the Allied assault had begun.[43]
The 507th Parachute Infantry Regiment, under the command of Colonel Edson Raff, was the lead assault formation for the 17th Airborne Division, and was consequently the first US airborne unit to land as part of Operation Varsity. The entire regiment was meant to be dropped in drop zone W, a clearing two miles north of Wesel; however, excessive ground haze confused the pilots of the transport aircraft carrying the Regiment, and as such when the regiment dropped it split into two halves.[45] Colonel Raff and approximately 690 of his paratroopers landed north-west of the drop zone near the town of Diersfordt, with the rest of the regiment successfully landing in drop zone W.[45] The colonel rallied his separated paratroopers and led them to the drop zone, engaging a battery of German artillery en route, killing or capturing the artillery crews before reuniting with the rest of the regiment.[45] By 14:00 the 507th had secured all of its objectives and cleared the area around Diersfordt, having engaged numerous German troops and destroying a German tank.[46] The actions of the regiment during the initial landing also gained the division its second Medal of Honor, when Private George J. Peters posthumously received the award after charging a German machine gun nest and eliminating it with rifle fire and grenades, allowing his fellow paratroopers to gather their equipment and capture the regiments first objective.[47]
C-47 transport aircraft drop hundreds of paratroopers as part of Operation Varsity
The 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment was the second divisional unit to land, and was under the command of Colonel James Coutts.[46] En route to the drop zone, the transport aircraft containing the regiment had the misfortune to pass through a belt of German anti-aircraft weapons, losing twenty-two of the C-46 transport aircraft and damaging a further thirty-eight.[48] Just as the 507th had, the 513th also suffered from pilot error due to the ground haze, and as such the regiment actually missed their designated drop zone, and were dropped on one of the landing zones designated for the British 6th Airlanding Brigade.[49] However, despite this inaccuracy the paratroopers swiftly rallied and aided the British glider-borne troops who were landing simultaneously, eliminating several German artillery batteries which were covering the area.[49] Once the German troops in the area had been eliminated, a combined force of American and British airborne troops stormed Hamminkeln and secured that town.[50] By 14:00, Colonel Coutts reported to the Divisional Headquarters that the 513th had secured all of its objectives, having knocked out two tanks and destroyed two complete regiments of artillery during its assault.[50] During its attempts to secure its objectives, the regiment also gained a third Medal of Honor for the division when Private First Class Stuart S. Stryker posthumously received the award after leading a charge against a German machine gun nest, creating a distraction to allow the rest of his platoon to capture the fortified position the machine gun was situated in.[47]
The third component of the 17th Airborne Division to take part in the operation was the 194th Glider Infantry Regiment, under the command of Colonel James Pierce.[51] The regiment landed accurately in landing zone S, but their gliders and the aircraft that towed them took heavy casualties; twelve C-47 transports were lost due to anti-aircraft fire, and a further one hundred and forty were damaged by the same fire.[51] The regiment landed in the midst of a number of German artillery batteries that were engaging Allied ground forces crossing the Rhine, and as such many of the gliders were engaged by German artillery pieces which had their barrels lowered for direct-fire.[51] However, these artillery batteries and their crews were defeated by the glider-borne troops, and the regiment was soon able to report that its objectives had been secured, having destroyed forty-two artillery pieces, ten tanks, two mobile-flak wagons and five self-propelled guns.[51]
Operation Varsity was a successful large-scale airborne operation. All of the objectives that the airborne troops of the 17th had been tasked with had been captured and held, usually within only a few hours of the operation beginning. The bridges over the IJssel had been successfully captured, although one later had to be destroyed to prevent its capture by counter-attacking German forces. The Diersfordter Forest had been cleared of enemy troops, and the roads through which the Germans might have routed reinforcements against the advance had been cut by airborne troops.[52] By nightfall of the 24th, the 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division had joined up with elements of 6th Airborne, and by midnight the first light bridge was across the Rhine. By the 27th, twelve bridges suitable for heavy armour had been installed over the Rhine and the Allies had fourteen divisions on the east bank of the river which had penetrated up to ten miles.[53] The division also gained its fourth Medal of Honor in the days following Operation Varsity, when Technical Sergeant Clinton M. Hedrick of the 194th Glider Infantry Regiment received the award posthumously after aiding in the capture of Lembeck Castle, which had been turned into a fortified position by the Germans.[54] In terms of casualties, the 17th suffered a total of 1,346 casualties between 24 and 29 March, when Operation Plunder came to an end.[55]
After it had participated in Operation Varsity, the division continued to advance through Germany as a part of XVIII Airborne Corps, engaging German forces around Wesel, Essen and Münster. The division had only served in combat for five months and seen only one combat drop, but in that short period of time it had seen 1,314 men killed in action and 4,904 men wounded or otherwise injured in action.[56][57] When Germany unconditionally surrendered on 7 May 1945, the division was conducting occupation duties in northern Germany, which it continued to do until it was relieved by British troops on 14 June. From that date, the division was split up and its component units attached to other airborne divisions, either to the 82nd Airborne in Berlin or to the 13th Airborne which was preparing to participate in the invasion of Japan.[56] When Japan surrendered, all of the division's units returned to their parent formation and the division moved to Camp Myles Standish in Taunton, Massachusetts, being officially inactivated on 16 September 1945. The formation was reactivated at Camp Pickett, VA, on 6 July 1948 as a training division, but on 19 June 1949 it was once again inactivated, this time for good.[56]
Units of the 17th Airborne Division during World War II included:
Division Headquarters
193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (disbanded 1 March 1945)
507th Parachute Infantry Regiment (attached 27 August 1944 to 1 March 1945, thereafter assigned)
513th Parachute Infantry Regiment (replaced 517th Parachute Infantry Regiment on 10 March 1944)
517th Parachute Infantry Regiment (relieved 10 March 1944 and replaced by the 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment)
Division Artillery
464th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion (75mm) (assigned 4 June 1945)
466th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion (75mm)
680th Glider Field Artillery Battalion (75mm)
681st Glider Field Artillery Battalion (75mm)
139th Airborne Engineer Battalion
155th Airborne Antiaircraft Battalion
224th Airborne Medical Company
17th Parachute Maintenance Company
Headquarters Special Troops
Headquarters Company, 17th Airborne Division
Military Police Platoon
717th Airborne Ordnance Maintenance Company
517th Airborne Signal Company
411th Airborne Quartermaster Company
17th Counter Intelligence Corps Detachment
Band (assigned 1 March 1945)
Reconnaissance Platoon (assigned 1 March 1945)
550th Airborne Infantry Battalion (not assigned; under division operational control during the Ardennes Offensive)
761st Tank Battalion (attached 15–27 January 1945)
811th Tank Destroyer battalion (attached 17–27 January 1945)[58]
↑ Flanagan, p. 6.
↑ Harclerode, p. 197.
↑ Flanagan, p. 31.
↑ Devlin, p. 200
↑ 7.0 7.1 Flanagan, p. 15.
↑ Devlin, p. 204.
↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Devlin, p. 246.
↑ Devlin, pp 212, 246.
↑ Flanagan, p. 100
↑ Huston, p. 98.
↑ "Moore County Airport History". Moore County Airport. 13 June 2006. http://www.moorecountyairport.com/history.htm. Retrieved 27 July 2008.
↑ Flanagan, p. 100.
↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Huston, p. 136.
↑ 19.0 19.1 Huston, p. 137.
↑ 20.0 20.1 Stanton, p. 96
↑ Hagerman, p. 15
↑ 26.0 26.1 Flanagan, p. 268
↑ 28.0 28.1 Devlin, p. 546
↑ Matthew J. Seelinger (2007). "Operation Varsity: The Last Airborne Deployment of World War II". Army Historical Research. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110522022537/http://www.armyhistory.org/armyhistorical.aspx?pgID=1017&id=139&exCompID=177. Retrieved 1 May 2008.
↑ Saunders, Tim, p. 41
↑ Devlin, p. 258-259
↑ 38.0 38.1 Clay, p. 440
↑ Jewell, p27
↑ Harclerode, p. 551
↑ Jewell, p. 28
↑ O'Neill, p. 299
↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 Tugwell, p. 273
↑ Hagerman, Bart (12 June 2006). "Operation Varsity: Allied Airborne Assault Over The Rhine". World War II Magazine. http://www.historynet.com/operation-varsity-allied-airborne-assault-over-the-rhine-river.htm. Retrieved 1 May 2008.
↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 Devlin, p. 617
↑ 47.0 47.1 United States Army, Center of Military History (16 July 2007). "Medal of Honor Recipients World War II (M-S)". United States Army. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-m-s.html. Retrieved 24 May 2008.
↑ 49.0 49.1 Tugwell, p. 274
↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 Devlin, p. 624
↑ Otway, p. 564
↑ Fraser, p. 392
↑ United States Army, Center of Military History (16 July 2007). "Medal of Honor Recipients World War II (G-L)". United States Army. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-g-l.html. Retrieved 24 May 2008.
↑ Ellis, p. 294
↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 Flanagan, p. 344
↑ US Army Center of Military History (2008). "17th Airborne Division". US Army Center of Military History. http://www.history.army.mil/documents/eto-ob/17ABD-ETO.htm. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
Blair, Clay (1985). Ridgway's Paratroopers – The American Airborne In World War II. The Dial Press. ISBN 1-55750-299-4.
Devlin, Gerard M. (1979). Paratrooper – The Saga Of Parachute And Glider Combat Troops During World War II. Robson Books. ISBN 0-312-59652-9.
Major Ellis, L.S. (2004) [1968]. Victory in the West: The Defeat of Germany, Official Campaign History Volume II. History of the Second World War: United Kingdom Military. Naval & Military Press Ltd. ISBN 1-84574-059-9.
Fraser, David (1999). And We Shall Shock Them: The British Army in the Second World War. Phoenix. ISBN 0-304-35233-0.
Flanagan, E.M. Jr (2002). Airborne – A Combat History Of American Airborne Forces. The Random House Publishing Group. ISBN 0-89141-688-9.
Hagerman, Bart (1999). 17th Airborne Division. Turner Publishing Company. ISBN 1-56311-436-4.
Harclerode, Peter (2005). Wings Of War – Airborne Warfare 1918–1945. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-36730-3.
Huston, James A. (1998). Out Of The Blue – U.S Army Airborne Operations In World War II. Purdue University Press. ISBN 1-55753-148-X.
Jewell, Brian (1985). "Over The Rhine" – The Last Days Of War In Europe. Spellmount Ltd. ISBN 0-87052-128-4.
O'Neill, N.C. (eds.) (1951). Odhams History of the Second World War: Volume II. Odhams Press Limited.
Otway, Lieutenant-Colonel T.B.H (1990). The Second World War 1939–1945 Army – Airborne Forces. Imperial War Museum. ISBN 0-901627-57-7.
Rawson, Andrew (2006). Rhine Crossing: Operation VARSITY – 30th and 79th US Divisions and 17th US Airborne Division. Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 1-84415-232-4.
Saunders, Hilary St. George (1972). The Red Beret – The Story Of The Parachute Regiment 1940–1945. White Lion Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0-85617-823-3.
Saunders, Tim (2006). Operation Plunder: The British & Canadian Rhine Crossing. Leo Cooper Ltd. ISBN 1-84415-221-9.
Stanton, Shelby (2006). World War II Order of Battle: An Encyclopedic Reference to U.S. Army Ground Forces from Battalion through Division, 1939-1946 (Revised Edition). Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-0157-3.
Tugwell, Maurice (1971). Airborne To Battle – A History Of Airborne Warfare 1918–1971. William Kimber & Co Ltd. ISBN 0-7183-0262-1.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 17th Airborne Division (United States).
Spring, Ian. "Original WW2 Kodak color photos slides from The 139th Airborne Engineer Battalion (AEB)". World War II Color photos. http://www.pixpast.com/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=586&sid=f76059f26e61c6020913fc6754442c51. Retrieved 19 April 2011.
Ministry of Defense. "Operation Varsity – The Rhine Crossing". British Army/The Parachute Regiment. Archived from the original on 3 August 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060803032605/http://www.army.mod.uk/para/history/rhine.htm. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
Murray, Williamson. "Airborne Operations During World War II". World War II Magazine. http://www.historynet.com/airborne-operations-during-world-war-ii.htm/. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
Pogue, Forrest C.. "CHAPTER XXI – The Battle for the Rhineland". HyperWar. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-E-Supreme/USA-E-Supreme-21.html. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
United States Army, Center of Military History. "17th Airborne Division". US Army Center of Military History. http://www.history.army.mil/documents/eto-ob/17ABD-ETO.htm. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
United States Army, Center of Military History. "Medal of Honor Recipients – World War II (G-L)". US Army Center of Military History. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-g-l.html. Retrieved 24 May 2008.
Airborne divisions of the United States Army
United States Army divisions during World War II


For sale is one half (only) of a Fabspeed 200-cell header set for a 986 Boxster. Left (driver's) side only – it's the "shorter flange" one. Superb build quality – I've never seen a header built as well as this one.
I bought this a while ago, thinking that I would eventually track down the matching right (passenger's) side header. The story that I got from the seller back then was that this unit was made for use as a visual display item for a Fabspeed trade show booth. But since that time my exhaust system work has taken me down a different path, and therefore this unit is now surplus to me.
See their web page for a full description: https://www.fabspeed.com/porsche-986-boxster-sport-headers-2000-2004/ And be certain to notice their selling price for the pair!
I see no evidence that this header / cat system has ever been used, nor even mounted up to an engine (I certainly never did so). Even so, looking into the end of the cat, it looks like there was perhaps something loose which rattled around in their shipping crate during transit to their show, and which indented a small bit at one location at the exit end of the cat cells – see picture. Certainly not a big deal at all, but I openly note it here in the spirit of full disclosure. If I were ever to use this system, I would therefore simply poke around these few cell ends with an icepick, or something long and pointy like that, just to ensure a clear exit path for each and every one of those small number of cells.
Looking at the above website, their price is $2,295.00 USD for the pair, making this single unit worth around $1,150.00 or so.
My price is $395.00 USD for this one alone, plus shipping ( ... which is less than I paid for it, by the way).
Last edited by Dave80GTSi; 10-16-2018 at 03:23 PM.
The yellow circled bit in the third picture was my attempt to photograph their inscription "200 CEL" on the side of the cat portion.
Should have used a brighter flash for the snapshot, sorry!
For anyone who is wondering how they might be able to track down the complimentary header / cat for the other bank, I contacted Fabspeed back when I bought this and asked.
Yes, they can make the opposite side, and at a not-too-terrifying price.
For posterity, posting a public answer to a private inquiry.
The cat portion of the Fabspeed header measures roughly 3.5" in diameter x 3.5" long.
Compared to the OEM manifold cat which appears to be around 4" in diameter x 4" long.
So yes, the Fabspeed cat is physically a bit smaller than the OEM cat.
What was that "not terrifying price". Reveal, please.
Last edited by Dave80GTSi; 12-17-2018 at 05:20 PM.
The only differences between the early and later model year exhaust manifolds are their exhaust flange dimensions.
See my pictures in Post no. 2 here: What's the difference between early and late cat delete pipes?
While I have never had a need to try this, it seems like it would be possible for an early model year car to fit the later model headers (like these Fabspeeds) if the secondary pipes are also swapped to the later models as well.
Last edited by Dave80GTSi; 12-19-2018 at 12:39 PM.
Price drop to $375.00 USD plus shipping.
Hi Dave I'll take the Fabspeed manifold.
PM sent, but not certain that it went OK. If not, you can e-mail me direct.
Last edited by Dave80GTSi; 01-23-2019 at 12:21 PM.
I accidentally deleted your E-mail, can you resend it?


Sick of the overwhelm, confusion and general merry-go-round of the natural health world? It doesn't have to be that hard!
For when you need the knowledge, experience and guidance of a professional.
WE HAVE ALL HEARD THE OLD SAYING "PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE" - WELL LET ME TELL YOU, IT'S TRUE!
Your looking for a way to support your health, you want to take care of yourself and feel that energy, vitality, glowing skin and hair you've read about in the natural health magazines. But the information is often confliciting and you find yourself completly overwhlemed with calls for renunciations and dietery regiemes that you just know you won't stick to.
Well the good news is, with the correct understanding and a little knowledge, herbs are one of the most powerful, effective and sustainable forms of prevention around.
So if you've had enough of the latest diet fad & pricey supplements the celebrities are plugging, come on a journey that will suprise and amaze you around what superfoods are already in your kitchen & backgarden!
Vibrant energy, better sleep, lighter digestion, radient skin, fuller hair, better mood, increased cardio-vasular health, & increased fertility!
The time comes for us all when we need the experience and services of a professional in our lives. There is so much we can do to maintain and support our health and wellbeing but its important to remember that times will come where our knowledge and experience is limited and this is the time to seek the services of a professional. Just for a minute, lets consider your car.
WE CAN REPAIR A PUNCTURE, CHANGE THE ENGINE OIL GIVE THE CAR A FANCY CARWASH EVERY NOW AND THEN, YEAH?
WELL IMAGINE IF WE FELT WE COULD MANAGE IT OURSELVES WHEN IT CAME TO THE TIMING BELT CHANGE, THE EXHAUST ISSUES OR EVEN THE DODGY BREAKS?
And thats just our car! So if you find yourself up against a brick wall, doing all the "right" things and still not getting results or having been passed from pillar to post with health professionals and still no joy, its time to take the charge of the situation. This website is a great place to start your journey. However, when it comes to chronic imbalance of mind or body and you want to take the natural route, professional treatment is advised.
I run a busy natural health clinic in Greystones, Co. Wicklow, Ireland. When you come for a consultation we will take a thorough history, and look at the best path forward for you. The first appointment will take approx. 90mins and any monthly follow-ups lasting approx. 60mins. If you have a current health issue, it is recommeded that you undertake treatment for a minimumn of 3 months in order to have lasting results. With a herbal dispensary onsite, I will mix a herbal medicine package based on your needs for you to take home with you.
"Within a week of startin the herbal treatment I seen changes and knew it was working. It took the excess heat our of my system. I relaxed, calmed down - I just chilled out! My doctor confirmed this by reporting that my blood pressure had returned to that of a 21yrs old!"
"I attended Caroline's clinic with adrenal fatigue. I connected with her immediatly as she connected with me first as a person and then as a patient which put me completly at ease. I attended for 6months and enjoyed every visit and am happy to say I am well again!
"My only concern starting herbal medicine was that it would be slow process to get results.But I noticed a difference so quickly that the effort of taking my herbs seemed very little for the results I was getting. Within 3 weeks people began remarking on how well I looked!"
Due to popular demand, I will be soon offering herbal medicine consultation packages online via Skype. This will entail a detailed online consltation form, a set number of skype sessions, herbal medicine package specifically tailored for you, diet & lifestyle guidance that will work for you and email support for the duration of the treatment. If this is something you are interested in , register your interest below and I'll let you know when these packages are available!


text:
Q: Error You attempted to use a firebase module that's not installed on your Android project I'm trying to add notification to my expo cli project so I choosed react native firebase notification. and I had this error :
    useEffect(() => {
       // Assume a message-notification contains a "type" property in the data payload of the screen to open

       messaging().onNotificationOpenedApp(remoteMessage => {
         console.log(
           'Notification caused app to open from background state:',
           remoteMessage.notification,
         );

       });

       // Check whether an initial notification is available
       messaging()
         .getInitialNotification()
         .then(remoteMessage => {
           if (remoteMessage) {
             console.log(
               'Notification caused app to open from quit state:',
               remoteMessage.notification,
             );
             setInitialRoute(remoteMessage.data.type); // e.g. "Settings"
           }
           setLoading(false);
         });
     }, []);

 if (loading) {
   return null;
 }

package.json:
 "@react-native-firebase/app": "^15.3.0",
    "@react-native-firebase/crashlytics": "^15.3.0",
    "@react-native-firebase/messaging": "^15.3.0",
    "@react-native-firebase/perf": "^15.3.0",

app.json:
"android": {
 "googleServicesFile": "./google-services.json"
}
      "plugins": [
          [
            "@react-native-firebase/app",
            "@react-native-firebase/messaging"
                  ]

Console :

Error: You attempted to use a firebase module that's not installed on
your Android project by calling firebase.app().
Ensure you have:

*

*imported the
'io.invertase.firebase.app.ReactNativeFirebaseAppPackage' module in
your 'MainApplication.java' file.

*Added the 'new ReactNativeFirebaseAppPackage()' line inside of the
RN 'getPackages()' method list.
See http://invertase.link/android for full setup instructions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Biz Bits: Chico sees restaurant growth in…
Biz Bits: Chico sees restaurant growth in improving economy
PUBLISHED: August 9, 2014 at 12:00 a.m. | UPDATED: July 28, 2018 at 1:35 a.m.
If there's any indication that people think an economy is getting better, it'll show up in the restaurant count.
Such is the case in Chico right now. Places that were empty are under construction, and locked doors are opening.
Those who drive by the small center at Bruce Road and East Eight Street have seen the sign for Bidwell Park Pizza. The owners appreciate operating that close to Bidwell Park, with fun pizza names like One-Mile, Five-Mile, Monkey Face and Bear Hole, not to mention the Annie Bidwell. Sorry John Bidwell, I don't see your name on the menu.
The place has pastas, salads, sandwiches and a kids menu as well, and you can order online. This is one of those restaurants where you say, "How come somebody didn't do this earlier?"
It's as close to the park as you can get, other than the restaurant at the Bidwell Park Golf Course, inside the park.
Eateries coming
Under the category of "coming," look for these in the future. A Pizza Hut is coming back to Chico. A franchise holder who owns the Oroville one will be opening the Chico one, and has already put a sign up on Mangrove Avenue, near East Fifth Avenue. Years ago, there was a Pizza Hut on Walnut Avenue on the west side.
The owner is looking for employees already, and various jobs are being promoted at www.pizzahut.com
Another restaurant in the wings is farther down on Mangrove Avenue, near where Matthew's Cafe used to be. I'll track that one as it gets closer, but it's suppose to be Italian.
Wings are here
Chicken wings with various sauces and toppings seem to be the up and coming theme in Chico. While plenty of restaurants have them on the menu, Wingstop was among the first with a wings-mostly menu. It's in the Safeway shopping center on Mangrove Avenue, near Vallombrosa Avenue.
In north Chico, Shenanigans Bar and Grill opened in the former Albatross Restaurant, on The Esplanade near Shasta Avenue. With a sports bar theme, you can find memorabilia of your favorite team there, as well as plenty of menu items — and wings — to quell a hungry stomach.
I hear there could be a couple of other wing places in the works.
Building bounces back
Here's another sign of the rebounding building industry. Urging by local contractors helped convince Dave and Erin Gresham of Oroville to open a store in Chico.
The Greshams own Dave's Tile City in Yuba City, which once was a franchise store of the former Tile City here in Chico. The Greshams bought the Yuba City store in 2009. Last year the Chico and Redding Tile City stores closed for reasons linked to the economy, but Yuba City chugged on.
Now with the uptick of construction and the contractors they know getting busier, it made sense to the Greshams to open a store in Chico.
Dave's Tile City opened at East Park and Whitman Place last month, with tile, granite and building materials. Buyers who liked what the old Tile City carried will like Dave's place, said Erin Gresham.
Dave's Tile City is only a place to buy product; customers have to arrange installation themselves, but a list of local contractors is available.
Behind the counter at the Chico store is Jesse Olivarez, who ran the warehouse at the Chico Tile City for more than seven years.
The Greshams still live in Oroville, with Dave heading to the Yuba City store and Erin heading to Paradise where she works as a dental hygienist.
Contact Laura Urseny at 896-7756, email lurseny@chicoer.com or on Twitter @LauraUrseny.