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Co-product from biodiesel production: Glycerine Renenue
The primary co-product from the production of biodiesel is glycerine. Glycerine is a clear, odourless and gel-like susntance that is comonly used in products such as pharmaceuticals, toothpaste, and cosmetics. It is usually defined as any product whose primary component is glycerol. It can be produced naturally as a co-product of fatty acid, fatty alcohol, or biodiesel production. As well, it can be produced synthetically. The production of biodiesel creates crude (low grade) glycerine that can be purified further at the plant site or sold to refineries that continue purification and in turn sell the glycerine for use as a raw material in other products.
Glycerine markets are renowed for their complecity and unpredictabiliyt. The demand, supply, and pricing of glycerine is determined through world market forces. Because glycerine is produced primarily ad a co-product, demand for the primary products influences the amount of glycerine produced. For example, in Europe the demand for biodiesel influences the amount of glycerine available for sale. As well, there are hundreds of potential end uses for glycerine, some of which can use competing products.
Glycerine has a variety of characteristics that make it ideal for numerous applications. Glycerine can remain colourless and odourless for a long period of time. When cold, glycerine does not freeze, but merely gels. Glycerine is about 55% to 75% as sweet as sugar. It is also non-toxic and does not irritate the skin.
Although glycerine has more than 1,500 uses, many prominent applications can be segmented into the categories of oral-care, food, tobacco, urethane foams, and pharmaceutical products.
Demand estimates for the consumption of glycerine by source type for Europe and North America is estimated at 50 to 60 % for vegetables/synthetic kosher quality of which 40 to 50 % is vegetable kosher only.
Some of the highest quality glycerine produced in the world us supplied by Malaysia and Indonesia. Both countries are big producers. Their glycerine is predominantly kosker certified and is produced from palm oil, whereas U.S> production is primarily synthetic or tallow based.
The glycerine produced by biodiesel plnats is a crude glycerine. In order to attract the higher prices of purified glycerine it must be upgraded.Crude glyrine can contain up to 10% water, 10% ash and 2.5% of other organic materials. It is generally upgrade by vacuum istillation or ion exchange refining. Both approahces increase the capital and oeprating costs of the biodiesel operation.
Chevron Invests in Large-Scale Texas Biodiesel Facility
SAN RAMON, Calif., May 11, 2006 -- Chevron Corporation (NYSE: CVX) today announced it has invested through a subsidiary in a Texas-based company that is building one of the first large-scale biodiesel plants in the United States. The facility will have the potential to produce 100 million gallons per year of this clean-burning renewable fuel – an amount that would more than double the current production volume of biodiesel in the United States.
Chevron, through its subsidiary, Chevron Technology Ventures LLC (CTV), has taken an equity position in Galveston Bay Biodiesel LP (GBB). The Houston-based company is constructing a biodiesel production and distribution facility in Galveston, Texas, scheduled for completion by the end of 2006.
GBB will produce biodiesel from soybeans and other renewable feedstocks. GBB has the option to sell pure biodiesel or biodiesel blended with off-road or on-road diesel into marine, commercial, trucking and industrial markets in the Galveston and Houston metropolitan areas.
"This investment is another example of how Chevron takes a proactive, practical approach toward the development of emerging new energy sources," said Don Paul, vice president and chief technology officer, Chevron Corporation. "We believe biofuels are a component of the diversification of the fuel supply to meet future energy demand."
GBB will have initial production of 20 million gallons per year, representing almost a 27 percent increase in total U.S. biodiesel production of 75 million gallons in 2005. The facility has the capability to expand operations to produce 100 million gallons of fuel per year.
"The biodiesel industry in North America is at an early stage of development, typified by small operations producing small quantities of fuel. This is an opportunity to engage in one of the first large-scale biodiesel production operations, providing renewable fuel to industry in Galveston, Houston and surrounding areas," said Dana Flanders, president of CTV. [Press Releases]
Turning sewage into biodiesel in New Zealand
New Zealand's Aquaflow Bionomic announced late last week that they have successfully produced a sample of biodiesel from wild algae in sewage ponds. This announcement means Aquaflow Bionomic is the first to get the fuel from algae that were not specially grown in the laboratory. The algae clean the sewage water (or industrial waste streams from farmers or food processors) while making the biofuel. A company spokesman said, "The market potential for this product is almost unlimited in the peak-oil environment we are in."
Aquaflow Bionomic processes the algae into a pulp and then extracts liquid oils and turns it into biodiesel. The company expects to be producing a million liters of biodiesel a year once the program gets up and running next April.
Clean Energy Technology Creates Jobs
Check out this very well done article by Joel Joel Makower of Clean Edge entitled, "Clean Technology: Where the Jobs Are" here.
posted by Quak Foo Lee @ 11:40 AM 0 comments
Suncor Energy signs biodiesel contract with Toronto Transit Commission
Ontario (May 9, 2006) – Suncor Energy Products Inc. and the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) have teamed up to help clear the air in Toronto. An agreement has been reached for Suncor to supply biodiesel to the TTC's fleet of 1,491 buses. This sales agreement extends to December 2007.
Suncor biodiesel is an environmentally responsible diesel fuel created by blending petroleum diesel with soy-based biodiesel. Biodiesel reduces carbon monoxide and particulate emissions, which are major contributors to smog.
Over the next 20 months, Suncor will supply the TTC with over 120 million litres of this cleaner burning fuel.
"Suncor's unique 'in-line' blending process will deliver a higher quality and cleaner-burning fuel to the TTC," said Don Smith, director of distribution operations and national sales for Suncor.
Residents of the Greater Toronto area will benefit from this agreement. "Using biodiesel fuel in TTC buses will contribute to cleaner air in Toronto," said Smith.
The introduction of biodiesel is Suncor's next step in providing sustainable energy solutions in Ontario. This summer, Suncor will be opening Canada's largest ethanol production facility in St. Clair Township, near Sarnia. Ethanol-blended gasoline, sold at Sunoco branded retail sites across Ontario, reduces vehicle-based carbon monoxide emissions up to 30 per cent. Pending regulatory approval, Suncor expects to later this year begin construction on a 76-mega watt wind power project in Ripley, near Kincardine. This project is expected to generate enough zero-emission electricity to power 22,000 homes.
This news release contains a forward-looking statement identified by the words "to supply", which is based on Suncor's current expectations, estimates, projections and assumptions made in light of its experiences and the risks, uncertainties and other factors related to its business. Actual events could differ materially as a result of changes to Suncor's plans and the impact of events, risks and uncertainties discussed in Suncor's current annual information form, annual and quarterly reports to shareholders and other documents filed with regulatory authorities.
Suncor Energy Products Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Suncor Energy Inc., an integrated energy company. In addition to a refinery in Sarnia, Suncor Energy Products has a network of 281 Sunoco-branded retail and Fleet Fuel cardlock sites and has a 50 per cent joint venture interest in over 200 Pioneer and UPI retail sites. Suncor Energy Products Inc. manufactures, distributes and markets transportation fuels, heating oils and petrochemicals primarily in Ontario. For more information, see the Sunoco website at www.sunoco.ca or www.suncor.com.
Sunoco in Canada is separate and unrelated to Sunoco in the United States, which is owned by Sunoco, Inc. of Philadelphia. Suncor Energy (U.S.A.) Inc. is an authorized licensee of the Phillips 66® brand and marks in the state of Colorado.
Ethanol, Biodiesel Eats Into US Corn Stockpiles
WASHINGTON - The booming ethanol industry will consume 20 percent of this year's US corn crop, the government forecast on Friday, and soy-based biodiesel also is taking off.
Biofuels will bolster corn and soybean prices, the Agriculture Department said in its first look at this year's crop harvest. Voracious demand for corn from ethanol makers will help cut the corn (maize) surplus in half by fall 2007, or 1.14 billion bushels.
"Renewable energy is making a difference" in the corn and soybean markets, said USDA chief economist Keith Collins.
Some 2.15 billion bushels (54 million tonnes) of this year's corn crop was projected to go to ethanol plants, up 34 percent from the 1.6 billion bushels (40.6 million tonnes) now being used yearly.
USDA projected 2.3 billion lbs (1 billion kg) of soyoil would be used in biodiesel in the year beginning Sept. 1, up 1.1 billion lbs (500 million kg) from this year.
"We may get US$3 (a bushel) corn on the farm this year," said private consultant John Schnittker, because of ethanol and a big demand for exports. It has been a decade since the season-average farmgate price was that high.
Corn and wheat futures prices shot upward at the Chicago Board of Trade, based on USDA's forecasts of smaller crops than last year and tightening supplies. At mid-day, corn for July delivery sold for US$2.57-1/2, up 10-1/4 cents a bushel. July wheat was up 11-1/2 cents, to US$4.03-1/2 a bushel. July soybeans were US$6.13-1/2, up one-half cent.
There are nearly 97 ethanol plants in the United States with a capacity of 4.5 billion gallons (17 billion liters) a year. There are 44 projects under way that will add 1.4 billion gallons of capacity this year, says an industry trade group. Production in 2005 totaled 3.9 billion gallons (14.8 billion liters).
"We believe that by early 2007, we're going to be producing at a rate of 6.5 billion gallons (24.6 billion liters) a year," said Collins, requiring 2.15 billion bushels of corn.
Based on surveys of 14,800 wheat farmers and examination of wheat fields, USDA forecast a winter wheat crop of 1.323 billion bushels (35 million tonnes), down 12 percent from last year and the smallest crop since 2002 due to drought in the southern Plains.
Hard red winter wheat, the major flour class, would total 715 million bushels (19.5 million tonnes), down 23 percent from 2005 and smallest since 2002. Schnittker said tight supplies would boost prices.
With the planting season well under way, USDA projected a corn crop of 10.550 billion bushels (268 million tonnes), soybeans at a near-record 3.080 billion bushels (84 million tonnes), an overall wheat harvest of 1.873 billion bushels (51 million tonnes) and a cotton crop of 20.70 million bales weighing 480 lbs (218 kg).
The soybean stockpile would climb to a record 650 million bushels (17.7 million tonnes) by Sept. 1, 2007, despite near-record exports.
Kansas, the No. 1 winter wheat state, was forecast to reap 319.6 million bushels, compared to 380 million bushels last year. Texas will harvest 35 million bushels, one-third of last year's crop, due to drought. Oklahoma was forecast for 68.2 million bushels, half of last year.
Building mobile refineries to convert rape-seed oil into bio-diesel
LONDON & PLANT CITY, FL – Kwikpower International plc, a diversified renewable energy and fuels company offering 'carbon recycling' solutions, and UTEK Corporation (AMEX: UTK; LSE-AIM: UTKA), an innovative technology transfer company, announced today the completion of a technology transfer to Kwikpower International in a securities exchange transaction.
The technology transferred is the licence to a process enabling the continuous conversion for onward sale of plant-based oils into bio-diesel using a mobile refinery. This system uses a tubular oscillatory flow reactor and was demonstrated for the first time at the Clean Energy Technology Show in London earlier this year. Conventional bio-diesel plants require the use of large tanks which must be emptied and cleaned after each batch.
A substantial potential market for bio-diesel has been created by the European Directive 2003/30/EU which sets a target that, by the end of 2005, 2% of all road transport should be powered by bio-fuels, aiming for 5.75% by 2010. The UK government provides a rebate of 20p on the duty of every litre of bio-diesel. The technology was developed by Professor Malcolm Mackley and his team in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Cambridge and is being licensed by Cambridge Enterprise on behalf of the University.
Dr. Jim Watkins, CEO and Chairman of Kwikpower International said: "This technology transfer of the bio-diesel intensification process with Cambridge and UTEK will allow us to rapidly expand Kwikpower's opportunities in the bio-fuels markets. We see major growth opportunities in both the USA and Europe.
"Our KP Wellman engineering subsidiary is already working on integrating the new reactor design into an innovative continuous production module which will fit into a 40 ft container. This technology offers real promise to allow us to reduce the time and cost of production of bio-diesel from a variety of feedstocks, allowing bio-diesel to compete on a level playing field with crude oil derived diesel."
Dr. Clifford M. Gross, CEO and Chairman of UTEK said: "We are very pleased to have completed our first technology transfer to a UK based company since UTEK's admission to AIM in April this year. It demonstrates clearly that our U2B technology transfer model works well on both sides of the Atlantic and can be used by UK companies to develop their product portfolio with university discoveries."
Biodiesel Delivery Infrastructure Model
How is biodiesel manufactured?
The manufacture of biodiesel is a deceptively simple process, so much so that it may be done on a small scale in a home laboratory. Operations may be scaled up to large-volume operations using the same basic process. However, for biodiesel to be marketed commercially as fuel, it must meet the ASTM Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels (D6751-02).
Here's how biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils in a non-technical nutshell: Vegetable oils are primarily triglycerides, containing 7-13% glycerin. The biodiesel process turns the oils into esters (i.e., the combustible biodiesel), and separates the esters from the glycerin. The denser glycerin sinks to the bottom and the biodiesel floats on top, facilitating separation.
The biodiesel process is called transesterification. Chemically, what happens is that alcohol (typically methanol because of low-cost simplicity of the chemical process) is used to react with the vegetable oil in the presence of a caustic catalyst (typically caustic soda -- NaOH or sodium hydroxide or lye). The caustic catalyst causes the methanol to react with the oil forming glycerin and crude biodiesel. Approximately 90% of the input oil is converted into combustible biodiesel fuel. The products are then processed further ("chemically washed") to remove excess methanol and unreacted catalyst, which may be reused. The main byproduct/co-product of the process is glycerin, which is used extensively in the cosmetic industry and for other chemical processes.
As stated in the first paragraph of this page, for biodiesel to be marketed commercially as fuel, it must meet the ASTM Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels (D6751-02). The ASTM standard includes requirements to meet specifications for flash point (min. 130 deg/C), water and sediment (<0.05 vol %), kinematic viscosity at 40 deg/C (1.9-6.0 mm2/sec), sulfated ash (<0.02 wt %), sulfur (<0.05 wt %), copper strip corrosion (#3 max.), Cetane (47 min.), cloud point, carbon residue (0.05 wt %), acid number (<0.80 mg KOH/gm), free glycerin (<0.02 wt %), total glycerin (<0.24 wt %), phosphorous content (<0.001 wt %), and distillation temperature (< 360 deg/C).
While, small-scale biodiesel operations can produce biodiesel that will perform in diesel engines, these kinds of operations are unlikely to consistently produce ASTM-certifiable biodiesel. Using non-ASTM certified fuel in an engine increases the potential risk of plugging fuel injectors, resulting in costly repairs.
Using Soybean Oil as Feedstock:
According to a recent market analysis, if soybeans are used to produce biodiesel on a small market scale, the fuel will cost approximately $0.66/liter ($2.50/gallon). Biodiesel produced at this cost is generally marketed as an additive to conventional diesel fuel and mixed to produce various biodiesel blends. The high cost (virgin oil) feedstock, such as soybean oil, is the main reason why even B10 and B20 mixtures are not as price-competitive with conventional diesel fuel, as soybean-based biodiesel producers would like. It takes about 7.3 pounds of soybean oil, which costs approximately 20 cents per pound, to produce a gallon of biodiesel. Feedstock costs alone, therefore, could be as high as $1.50 per gallon for soy biodiesel.
Malaysia Building First Biodiesel Refinery
Bernama. The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) and Golden Hope Plantations are partnering to build a biodiesel plant in Labu in Negeri Sembilan—the first in the country.
MPOB is investing RM 40 million ($10.5 million) in the plant, according to Plantation Industries and Commodities Minister Datuk Peter Chin Fah Kui.
Expected to be completed in three years, the plant will produce 5,000 tonnes (approximately 36.5 thousand barrels or 1.15 million gallons) of biodiesel a month.
The biodiesel is slated for export to Europe. Port Dickson, also in the state of Negeri Sembilan, is a major oil terminal and site of the largest refinery in the country (Shell Port Dickson).
Chin said the fuel could not be used in Malaysia as the existing infrastructure of the major oil companies in the country to blend the biodiesel with petroleum diesel was insufficient.
The companies would have to work together with MPOB and Golden Hope Plantations to develop the infrastructure, he said, adding that there weren't any legal provisions for the alternative fuel in the country at the moment.
"That is why we have to export. In terms of marketing, we do not see any problems," he said
Asked why the government started this project, Chin replied that it was to put Malaysia on the world map in coming out with alternative fuels.
(See earlier post on the development by a Malaysian company of a new clonal oil palm designed to increase oil yield by 20%.)
Biodiesel: The Future Clean Energy


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If you would be interested in having a Retreat in Daily Life retreat in your area (within the West Midlands region), please get in touch.
Read about how Retreats In Daily Life are organised and what they entail here.


Want to know how to make money from home?
"Earning money from home is my dream, but I don't know what I can do, I want to learn, but I am confused about which way to go." This is the most common dilemma for any work from home job seeker or someone who wants to make money online.
There are so many services or skills that businesses want, but there are many people who don't have any idea how to earn money online.
The reason is, there is a vast gap between the demand and the supply. In less technical terms, there is a void which needs to be filled by connecting the dots of skills that you possess and money-making gigs that are available.
It's not so hard to find a reliable and legitimate way to earn money if you know where to look with kind of skills you have.
You will be surprised with your abilities once you focus on yourself.
Before we get into all the work from home options, I want to focus on these questions. It is easier to find something if you are clear about your goals and what you want to achieve.
Is it flexibility that you want or the need to generate a good income from home?
If you want to be flexible, then I suggest you choose the jobs or gigs that might not give you high income but let you choose your own times to work.
If you are good at something, then surely there is a way to monetize it, and believe me, everyone is good at something. Take some time to focus and find out your calling.
Are you ready to invest in yourself to get trained?
If you are tight on the budget and not ready to upgrade or learn new skills, then you will have to settle on low-income options. Learning new skills can make a big difference in your work from home career path.
I have categorized different ways to make money from home into extra income gigs and good income jobs. I hope this helps you to find something soon.
Though survey sites get a bad vibe, I have myself earned a good side income from them. I never recommend that you do surveys alone and expect a full-time income. They are just side earners but come in handy if you find the right ones. There are apps that let you earn some spare cash just to download and run them in the background.
Nielsen App – Want to earn some passive income? Just download Nielsen app and this trusted company will pay you $50 a year to keep the app. This research company collects data on user web usage to improve the internet usage. Don't worry your data is never shared and remains anonymous. Sign up and start making money from home.
Swagbucks – Most trusted survey site that gives you a chance to do a lot more things than just surveys. Watching videos alone can give around $90 a month. The $5 sign up bonus is an added perk!
Survey Junkie – This is a legit survey site with low disqualification rate. The surveys are short and pay well. You can redeem the points for cash or gift cards.
Approx Earnings – $130/month (depending on your demographics), Nielsen app pays $50 a year if you keep it running.
These are small tasks like typing, data tagging, transcription (short files), etc. You can become an Amazon Mechanical Turker or work for companies like Clickworker and start doing these tasks. Remember some of these tasks are first come first serve basis, so be quick in doing these.
Approx Earnings – $50 – $100/month depending on the tasks you take up.
As a rater, you will be going through the search engine results or social media feeds to rate them according to some guidelines. This helps search engines to make their algorithm better and give relevant results to the users. For most of these roles, there will be an assessment test which you need to pass to get hired. No prior experience or expertise is required but you need to be staying in the country to apply.
Leapforce – This company has a lot of positions available in many countries. But keep in mind that the test is quite hard, so you need a lot of preparation.
Lionbridge – This well-known company hires raters from all over the world. They have openings in various countries from time to time. You need to keep an eye on their recruitment page to apply.
Approx Earnings – For the US, it is around $12 to $15 per hour. The pay is different for different countries.
Sometimes we oversee some money-making opportunities. There are so many ways to make use of the stuff which you don't use.
For example, if you don't use your car much, you can rent it on GetAround to earn passive income from it. Just list your car on the website easily through the app, write a good description and all the renting is done through app. You can be stress free with their $1 million insurance cover and 24/7 roadside assistance.
Sign up if you want to make money from home the most passive way.
If you have a spare room, then go ahead and start listing it on Airbnb and earn a decent income from it. Take good pictures, write a great description, include all the amenities and reply to questions promptly. That's it.
More interested in selling? Then you can go over to Decluttr and sell all your electronic stuff. You can also go over to marketplaces like eBay and Craigslist to sell your things.
Approx Earnings – Depends on the marketplace and items you are selling/renting.
These gigs require you to go out of the house or travel a bit around but pay well when compared to at-home ones.
Postmates – You will be working as a food courier for this company. You need to have a bike or a scooter or a car, and there will be a background check after you apply. On average you can earn around $25 per hour with Postmates.
UberEats – Another trusted company that helps you earn money from home with food delivery. Unlike Postmates, UberEats is available in many cities in the US. You need a scooter or a car or a bike to deliver food.
Approx Earnings – Postmates pays an average of $25 per hour.
HealthyWage – I would have never believed it if someone said you could earn money by staying active. No way!
But you can. With HealthyWage, you are rewarded for reaching your weight loss targets. It's a great way to push yourself to stay active and reach your fitness goals.
Sweatcoin – This sweet app lets you earn 'sweatcoins' when you walk or run (there is a limit of 5 sweatcoins a day). You can redeem these sweatcoins for Amazon gift cards or discounted merchandise. If you have a big pool of coins, you can redeem them for cash. You just need to download the app and keep it running.
Approx Earnings – With Healthywage, I have seen people win $10,000 to meet their weight loss goals.
You can do these jobs or hustles from home, and the biggest perk is that they can give you a full-time income or develop into a successful business.
Virtual Assistant – For the last decade, Virtual assisting has become increasingly popular. There is an infinite number of services you can provide as a Virtual Assistant.
The average income you can earn as a VA is around $35-$50 per hour.
Tutoring – If you love teaching, then there is nothing great than online tutoring. There are many companies like Cambly, Tutor.com teaching specified subjects.
But it does not have to be only specific subjects; you can teach plain English to kids. With VIPKID and Qkids, you can teach conversational English to Chinese kids. Both these companies need minimum qualifications, and after applying online, there will be a video interview.
The pay is around $14 to $24 per hour with these companies.
Blogging– If your passion is to share your ideas, views, and research about your niche, then there is nothing better than Blogging. I am a blogger and can say for sure it's the most rewarding hustle I ever had.
Knowing your niche and signing up for good hosting are the first steps in starting a blogging journey.
Sign up here and get started.
Though there is a bit of traveling involved, these options to make money are great.
Flower parties – How about arranging beautiful flower parties and getting paid for it? Sounds dreamy! You can channel your inner creative juices with this unique hustle from Alice's Table. As an 'Event Exec' you will be arranging artistic flower parties and making money from them. Here is how you can get started.
Amazon FBA – Love finding cheap items? Then start selling things on Amazon FBA. The best part about this is, you need to find items and send them to Amazon, the rest is taken care of by Amazon FBA. If this interests you, then you need to take this free email course to know more about this way to make money from home.
Flipping – I think Flipping thrift store items is the most underrated way to make money from home. If you got the eye to find unique items in junkyards and flip them for profit, then you can become a pro flipper.
Do your research. No matter what your choice is, you need to do thorough research and dig deep into every aspect of the gig you are going to choose. Knowing everything about your future gig can help you ease into the job and make the journey enjoyable.
Keep a check on what local opportunities you have around you. It is far easier to find reliable ways to make money online in the places you stay. You can join your local groups or check out the forums in your area and see what others are experimenting with.
Never forget that an online money-making option can come with scams. At every step you will be facing some scam, so be very vigilant about scams and never pay for anything.
Like the old saying, if it's too good to be true, it is a scam. But more than that, the biggest red flag to watch out for is 'earning an insane amount of money in a very short time.' No one earned anything like that ever.
It takes a lot of time and an insane amount of research to find the most legit way to make money from home.
But you will find one if you stay focused and know what you want. I made my 'make money from home' dream come true, so can you.
I have done some.of the surveys. They offer great money in some of them but I don't get paid. All you get out of them is a million of calls How do you get your money & stop the phone calls.
All of these surveys ask for basic information and all of them don't ask for your phone number. Signing up for legit surveys and doing the survey as soon as you get them is the key to making more money with surveys.


Laugh-out-loud and deeply touching, don't miss this funny, poignant tale of female friendship and the unbreakable bond between a mother and daughter. Strong as steel, and delicate as magnolias, M'Lynn, Shelby, Ouiser, Clairee, Truvy, and Annelle face life's extraordinary moments with a steadfast resiliency, enduring humor, and boundless love. Brought to life by the award-winning LA Theatreworks, this uplifting story takes us into Truvy's home beauty parlor and through the lives of these six iconic characters. Watch as they discover that the support and comfort essential to life can be found in one another. Steel Magnolias reminds us that there are those that change our lives just by being in them.


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Gary Glitter handed 16-year prison sentence for child sex abuse…by Laura Smith-Spark (CNN)
Home/Rock 'n Roll News/Gary Glitter handed 16-year prison sentence for child sex abuse…by Laura Smith-Spark (CNN)
London (CNN) British former pop star Gary Glitter on Friday was sentenced to 16 years in prison for child sex abuse offenses he committed more than three decades ago.
Glitter, 70, whose real name is Paul Gadd, was convicted this month of one count of attempted rape of a girl under the age of 13, one count of having sex with a girl under the age of 13 and four counts of indecent assault against girls.
He was sentenced at Southwark Crown Court in London for the six offenses, committed against three victims between 1975 and 1980. There is no statute of limitations for such offenses in the UK.
Glitter was known as a "glam rocker" in the 1970s for his flamboyant clothes and performing style. He sold 18 million records with hits such as "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am!)," "I Love You Love Me Love" and "Rock 'n' Roll."
Detective Chief Inspector Michael Orchard of London's Metropolitan Police praised the courage of the abuse victims in coming forward to police.
"Paul Gadd has shown himself to be a habitual sexual predator, who took advantage of the star status afforded to him by targeting young girls who trusted him and were in awe of his fame," Orchard said. "His lack of remorse and defense that the victims were lying make his crimes all the more indefensible."
Glitter was the first person to be arrested under the police's Operation Yewtree, set up in 2012 in the wake of a flood of sexual abuse allegations against the late radio and TV star Jimmy Savile and others.
Savile, who died in 2011 aged 84, was revealed after his death to have been one of Britain's most prolific sex offenders. British police say more than 200 victims — between ages 5 and 75 — have been identified.
Glitter had been prosecuted previously on sex charges.
In 1999, he admitted possessing child pornography and was jailed for four months. While living in Vietnam, he was convicted of sex offenses against young girls and jailed for nearly three years before being deported to England.
Glitter is the latest celebrity to be accused or convicted of historic sex offenses. Last year celebrity publicist Max Clifford was sentenced to eight years' imprisonment for assaults on girls, while Australian entertainer Rolf Harris was jailed for five years for indecent assaults against four girls.
By jackallday|2015-02-27T14:37:53-08:00February 27th, 2015|Categories: Rock 'n Roll News|0 Comments
New Orleans Jazz Fest 2020 lineup: Musical acts announced
Huey Lewis & The News are Back!
Rod Stewart unveils model railway set … 26 years in the making

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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You are here: > Video > TV episodes > BBC new series DVDs/Blu-rays > Series 1-4 Box Set
Series 1-4 Box Set
No. 29 of 95 in the BBC new series DVDs/Blu-rays series
Starring: Christopher Eccleston, David Tennant, Billie Piper & Noel Clarke
By: Russell T. Davies, Mark Gatiss, Robert Shearman & Paul Cornell
Rating: 9.1 (7 votes) Vote here
Review: None yet Add a review
Editions: UK (DVD) | Australia (DVD) | US (DVD)
Note: Compilation of the first 4 series box sets into one package: Series 1, 2, 3 and 4. (The DVD extras are the same as those previous releases.)
It does not include The Next Doctor and the 2009 specials — those are included in the Complete Specials box set instead.
Edition: UK (DVD)
Released: October 2009
Publisher: BBC Video
Format: 23 x DVD
Owned:
Do you own this?Yes - I own itNo - I want itNo - not interested
New: £39.99
Used: £37.57
Cover blurb:
Join the Doctor and companions on a journey of 55 thrilling episodes of non stop action adventure, as they battle against deadly foes from across time and space.
Edition: Australia (DVD)
Released: December 2009
Note: Numbered limited edition of 2,500 copies.
Amazing boxed collection offering all episodes from series 1-4, Christmas Specials and a host of DVD Extras such as behind the scenes, outtakes, deleted scenes, cast interviews, audio commentaries and much more! This box set also includes a comprehensive 64 page collector's booklet.
Packed with non-stop action adventure, watch as the Doctor and companions battle against deadly foes from across time and space.
Edition: US (DVD)
Title: Christopher Eccleston & David Tennant
New: CDN$ 49.99 CDN$ 36.50 Save 27%
Note: Similar to the above releases but also including the 2008-09 specials, namely The Next Doctor, Planet of the Dead, The Waters of Mars and The End of Time. The title is listed as "The Christopher Eccleston & David Tennant Collection" on Amazon and other retailers, but as you can see, the cover simply says "Christopher Eccleston & David Tennant".
Save the universe with the Ninth and Tenth Doctors
Climb in the TARDIS for the adventure of a lifetime with this enormous Doctor Who collection featuring every episode of the first two Doctors of the modern era, Christopher Eccleston and David Tennant. Alongside companions Rose Tyler (Billie Piper), Donna Noble (Catherine Tate), Martha Jones (Freema Agyeman) and others, it's a non-stop thrill ride as the Doctors battle all the evil forces of the universe including Daleks, Cybermen, Sontaran, and much more. There are hours and hours of adventure in this 12-disc box set including the stories which introduce River Song (Alex Kingston), Captain Jack Harkness (John Barrowman), and featuring a guest appearance by Academy Award Nominee Carey Mulligan. Whether you're new to Who or a true Whovian, you won't want to be without this incredible collection!
Active session = no / Cookie = no


text:
Shock as top restaurant Alimentum plummets in food hygiene ratings
The restaurant lost its Michelin star last year and has now had another setback after a visit from hygiene inspectors
Abigail Rabbett
Former Michelin star restaurant Alimentum has been awarded a one star food hygiene rating in its latest report.
The restaurant has plummeted through the rankings, dropping from a five star hygiene rating in 2016, the last known recording, to a one star in February of this year.
The poor grade, which is dated February 2018, comes just a short while after the eatery lost its Michelin star accolade in October of last year.
The restaurant, based at 152-154 Hills Road, Cambridge, was previously described by Michelin as a "sleek, stylish restaurant with a spacious cocktail bar and a striking red and black dining room".
Alimentum was rated good for cleanliness. (Image: David Johnson)
A one star food hygiene rating means 'major improvement is necessary.'
The number of one-star rated restaurants in the city has risen in recent months with other favourite restaurants such as Navadhanya and Tatties also falling on the list.
New head chef at Alimentum, Samira Effa (Image: David Johnson)
The news follows the appointment of rising talent, Samira Effa as Alimentum's head chef.
Here are the scores on the doors for Alimentum, according to the Food Standards Agency website.
The breakdown of how Alimentum scored.
Chef Patron, Mark Poynton, told the News: "My team at Alimentum and I strive to reach the highest food hygiene standards set out by the council.
"We seem to have been penalised on paper work, which we are still not aware of as after four weeks since the inspection we have had no official contact from the visit and what is wrong to put right.
"I have emailed the Environmental Health Officer at the council with no response. I can assure everybody we will do what ever is asked of us by the council team and will right the wrongs as soon as possible."
Management of food safety looks at "system or checks in place to ensure that food sold or served is safe to eat, evidence that staff know about food safety, and the food safety officer has confidence that standards will be maintained in future."
The rating has come as a shock to many local foodies, especially after Alimentum was named the best restaurant in Cambridgeshire in the Bookatable Diner Awards in February.
Keep up to date with the latest food and drink news
Are you a lover of all things food and drink?
Keep up to date with the latest foodie trends with our Cambridge food and drink Facebook page.
No ads, no spam, just the latest food and drink news direct to your Facebook feed, wherever you are.
To get your foodie fix simply click here to join the group.
Alimentum has advertised for several new roles on social media in the past few months, including vacancies for a junior sommelier and sous chef.
Mr Poynton has recently taken the reins at the White Horse pub in Eaton Socon, which has a whopping five star rating and a long list of glowing Tripadvisor reviews.


text:
COVID Updates (April 23, 2020)
Congressional Action
Today, April 23, 2020, the House is expected to pass a fourth COVID-related bill that was passed by the Senate earlier this week. An interim emergency funding package: H.R. 266 – The Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act would provide $484 billion in funding to small businesses, hospitals, and for COVID-19 testing.
Congress is also working on another large COVID bill currently dubbed "CARES 2" after the third COVID-related bill passed on March 27 (see here). Although the bills to date have included some provisions that help older adults and individuals with disabilities, advocates for these communities note that additional measures must be taken in order to ensure that the needs of these populations are adequately addressed.
For examples of additional measures promoted by various advocacy organizations, see, e.g., coalition letters from:
Leadership Council of Aging Organizations (LCAO) https://www.lcao.org/; and
Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities (CCD) http://www.c-c-d.org/.
CMA Advocates Guide
On April 17, the Center released an Advocates Guide that addresses beneficiary-related policy changes during the current COVID crisis. The Guide, updated on April 20, will periodically be further updated as possible, as new legislation passes and additional guidance is issued by CMS. The Guide is available here.
CMS Updated Guidance – Medicare Advantage and Part D
CMS continues to issue guidance, including a recently updated Medicare Advantage and Part D Guidance document (April 21, 2020). The updated guidance reinforces requirements that plans must follow, and highlights policies which plans have discretion to change, primarily due to temporarily relaxed enforcement of certain requirements by CMS. Among other things, the new guidance notes:
Medicare Advantage (MA) Plans
CMS says it is temporarily relaxing enforcement of rules that prevent MA plans from changing benefits mid-year in connection with the COVID outbreak, and encourages MA plans to, among other things, expand benefits, add additional benefits, institute "more generous cost-sharing" as long as such measures are "provided uniformly to all similarly situated enrollees" – CMS states that MA plans "may implement additional or expanded benefits that address issues or medical needs raised by the COVID-19 outbreak, such as covering meal delivery or medical transportation services to accommodate the efforts to promote social distancing during the COVID-19 public health emergency."
CMS encourages MA plans to "waive or reduce enrollee cost-sharing for beneficiaries […] impacted by the outbreak. For example, Medicare Advantage Organizations may waive or reduce enrollee cost-sharing for COVID-19 treatment, telehealth benefits or other services to address the outbreak provided that MAOs waive or reduce cost-sharing for all similarly situated plan enrollees on a uniform basis. CMS clarifies that this flexibility is limited to when a waiver or reduction in cost-sharing can be tied to the COVID-19 outbreak."
CMS encourages MA and Part D plan flexibility concerning involuntary disenrollment for non-payment of premiums. "CMS would like to remind plans of their ability to apply flexible policies to members who are unable to pay plan premiums. Plans are not required under existing regulations to disenroll members due to failure to pay plan premiums; however, plans must apply the same policy consistently for all enrollees of the applicable plan. For those plans that have elected a policy to disenroll for non-payment of premium, we encourage you to consider changing the policy so that the plan would not disenroll members for non-payment of premium. If a plan chooses not to eliminate its disenrollment policy, we encourage the plan to increase the mandatory grace period (at least two months) to a longer period of time. Plans may make these types of changes mid-year as long as the change is applied to everyone in the plan and the plan notifies its CMS account manager."
CMS is temporarily relaxing enforcement of rules requiring Special Needs Plans (SNPs) to disenroll individuals who lose special needs status – CMS notes "relaxed enforcement with respect to MA organizations that choose to delay to a later date the involuntary disenrollment of enrollees who are losing special needs status and cannot recertify SNP eligibility due to the COVID-19 national emergency"
CMS is allowing plans to be more flexible concerning disenrollment of members temporarily absent from the plan's service area – CMS "will allow MA organizations to extend the period of time members may remain enrolled while temporarily absent from the plan service area through the end of the year, or the end of the public health emergency, whichever is earlier. Individuals who remain absent from the service area will be disenrolled January 1, 2021, if the public health emergency is still in effect at that time, or 6 months after the individual left the service area, whichever is later."
MA plans "may choose to waive or relax plan prior authorization requirements at any time in order to facilitate access to services with less burden on beneficiaries, plans, and providers. Any such relaxation or waiver must be uniformly provided to similarly situated enrollees who are affected by the disaster or emergency. We encourage plans to consider utilizing this flexibility."
CMS reminds MA plans "of their requirements under 42 CFR § 422.100(m) to provide coverage for care from non-contracted providers" as previously outlined in CMS guidance
Note that the Center for Medicare Advocacy has encountered plans that were unaware of such obligations, and have had to contact at least one MA plan legal department in order to educate them
Part D Plans
CMS is encouraging plans to waive or relax prior authorization requirements – "Part D Sponsors may choose to waive prior authorization requirements at any time that they otherwise would apply to Part D drugs used to treat or prevent COVID-19, if or when such drugs are identified. Sponsors can also choose to waive or relax PA requirements at any time for other formulary drugs in order to facilitate access with less burden on beneficiaries, plans, and providers. Any such waiver must be uniformly provided to similarly situated enrollees who are affected by the disaster or emergency. We encourage plans to consider utilizing this flexibility."
CMS reminds plans that, pursuant to the recently-passed CARES Act, "Part D sponsors must suspend all quantity and days' supply limits under 90 days for all covered Part D drugs (as defined in 42 CFR § 423.100) other than such limits resulting from safety edits [discussed further in the guidance]. Part D sponsors may otherwise continue to utilize their formularies, tiered cost-sharing benefit structures, and approved prior authorization (PA) and step therapy (ST) requirements. There are no alterations to mid-year formulary change requirements, and we remind sponsors that new drugs may be added and utilization management requirements removed at any time."
CMS clarifies that with respect to a 90–day supply of drugs, "Part D sponsors must permit enrollees to obtain the total days supply prescribed for a covered Part D drug (as defined in 42 CFR § 423.100) up to a 90-day supply in one fill (or one refill) if:
Requested by the enrollee,
PA or ST requirements have been satisfied; and
No safety edits otherwise limit the quantity or days supply.
In addition, among other things, "CMS is exercising its enforcement discretion to adopt a temporary policy of relaxed enforcement" in connection to Part D plans' response to the COVID crisis, including waiving Part D medication delivery documentation and signature log requirements
CMS Update Guidance – Medicaid
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recently released additional guidance to states on the COVID-19 relief bill, Families First Coronavirus Response Act. The guidance is in the form of a set of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) that addresses enhanced federal Medicaid funding and other topics related to the national health emergency.
Congressional Letter re: Medicaid Maintenance of Effort (MOE)
This week, over 150 Members of Congress sent a letter to Congressional leadership calling for preservation of the Medicaid maintenance of effort (MOE) requirements in the next legislative COVID-19 relief package; these requirements keep states from effectively diverting federal money, intended to help them keep their Medicaid programs intact, to other parts of their budgets. The MOE requirements were included as part of the temporary increase in the federal Medicaid payment to states (FMAP) in the "Families First Coronavirus Response Act (Families First)." That MOE ensures states cannot reduce or terminate coverage, or impose harmful restrictive procedures during the official public health emergency. The letter was written in response to concerns that some members of Congress will attempt to weaken these important protections in the next COVID-19 relief package, as some members did during negotiations for the previous package.
According to analysis by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, the MOE in Families First is "especially strong." The analysis found that weakening the MOE protections could cause hundreds of thousands of people to lose coverage and become uninsured in the months ahead.
Center on Budget and Policy Priorities Analysis: https://www.cbpp.org/blog/congress-should-reject-attempts-to-weaken-medicaid-protections-enacted-in-bipartisan-covid-19
Filed Under: Article Tagged With: COVID-19, Weekly Alert


Welcome to the Figueroa Group's homepage! Our experimental cosmology and astrophysics laboratory is part of the MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research and the MIT physics department. Our inter-disciplinary work takes us into the fields of particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology, solid-state and low-temperature physics, and engineering of space flight hardware and large cryogenic systems.
We are currently developing cryogenic particle and photon detectors for dark matter searches and X-ray astrophysics applications. Our goal is to conceive, develop, and carry out cutting-edge experiments to gain insights into the nature of our universe.


Mail Order Catalog BBS Door. Works with many different BBS's.
Okay here is the program that will show all cards that the sysop honors.
no C on that line any longer.
not display that command line.
problems, please feel free to call me directly..


text:
Experts doubt North Korea's claim of zero coronavirus cases
Apr 30, 2020 covid19
WASHINGTON – More than 200 countries and territories have reported coronavirus cases within their borders. One unlikely exception: North Korea, which claims to have zero infections despite its 880-mile border with China, where the virus first emerged before spreading across the globe.
"It's a near impossibility for them not to have cases," said Jung H. Pak, a former CIA analyst and North Korea expert with the Brookings Institution, a Washington think tank.
China is North Korea's biggest trading partner, accounting for as much as 95% of the country's reported imports, according to 38 North, a website that tracks developments inside the so-called Hermit Kingdom.
"It is puzzling to see how a country that shares such close trading ties (albeit surreptitiously) with China, where the virus had its origin, has remained immune to such a pandemic," two Asia experts, Jagannath Panda and Jina Kim, wrote in an analysis Tuesday for 38 North.
Kim Jong Un: South Korean official says Kim Jong Un may be avoiding public due to 'coronavirus concerns'
Indeed, Pak and other experts say there's evidence of at least a small-scale COVID-19 outbreak in North Korea, a country where much of the population is already in poor health, the economy is crippled, and the health system is abysmal.
North Korea's assertion that it is coronavirus-free comes amid growing speculation about the health of North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un, fueled by his absence from a major national celebration earlier this month. South Korean officials have disputed reports that Kim is ill, and on Tuesday, one government minister said Kim may be isolating himself to avoid coronavirus infection.
The true picture of how widespread COVID-19 is inside North Korea will probably never be clear. North Korea is one of the world's most secretive, repressive and authoritarian countries in the world, and the regime's propaganda machine controls the flow of information.
Women wearing face masks raise flowers at the Pothong Gate in Pyongyang, North Korea Tuesday, April 28, 2020.
State-controlled media have trumpeted an "emergency anti-epidemic" campaign and touted the complete lockdown of North Korea's borders.
But outside North Korea, there have been reports of infections, deaths, and "panic buying," from regional media outlets, defectors with connections inside the country, and other sources.
One Japanese newspaper reported on March 29 that more than 100 North Korean soldiers have died due to suspected COVID-19 infection since February. In an April 22 story, NK News, which reports on North Korea, described "panic buying" in grocery stores, with a rush to snap up staples like flour and sugar.
Kim Jong Un: Kim Jong Un 'alive and well,' South Korean official says amid new reports North Korean leader is ill
An April 18 Radio Free Asia story said North Korean officials had informed local citizens of coronavirus cases in the capital city of Pyongyang, as well as in two provinces in the northeast and southwest parts of the country.
"It's hard to believe there weren't cases in between" those three locations, said Bruce Klingner, an ex-CIA deputy division chief for Korea who is now with the Heritage Foundation, another Washington think tank.
But Klingner said the scope of infections may be limited – a conclusion he based in part on the lack of grisly indicators, such as satellite images of mass graves.
"We're just not hearing, as we did during the great famine, of bodies being stacked like cordwood," Klingner said, referring to the mass starvation in North Korea in the 1990s that killed an estimated 2 million to 3.5 million people.
This picture taken and released from North Korea's official Korean Central News Agency on June 25, 2015 shows North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and wife Ri Sol-Ju, inspecting the new terminal at Pyongyang International Airport.
If the COVID-19 outbreak is limited, he said, it's probably because North Korea imposed very strict measures right after the disease began spreading in China. In late January, the North Korean government cancelled all flights into and out of the country, sealed its border with China, and even stopped state-run smuggling operations – with the threat of severe punishment for those who failed to comply.
Pak agreed that North Korea took extreme and early steps to lock the country down, but she's not convinced that capped coronavirus infections.
"Infectious diseases sweep through North Korea all the time," said Pak, author of a just-released book on Kim Jong Un's rule. "When there's no testing, you don't know if this person is dying of tuberculosis or malaria or COVID."
Pak cited accounts from defectors with family still inside North Korea. The message, she said: "It's really bad here."
Iran, North Korea, Russia: America's adversaries emboldened to flex their muscles amid coronavirus
Meanwhile, American officials have started to worry about the possibility of a related catastrophe in North Korea: widespread starvation and increased economic deprivation stemming from North Korea's trade stoppage and border closures.
"There is a real risk that there will be a famine," Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said Wednesday during an appearance on Fox News.
Well before the pandemic hit, the United Nations warned in 2019 that more than 10 million North Koreans were suffering "severe food shortages" after the worst harvest in a decade.
The North Korean people rely heavily on cross-border smuggling to stock small private markets across the country. The regime also uses a state-sanctioned smuggling operation for supplies to evade UN sanctions.
With those sources now closed off, the supply of food and cash has been disrupted, Klingner and others say. On Tuesday, Reuters reported that North Korea planned to send a delegation to China to discuss food supplies and trade.
"It's always incredibly dire conditions," said Klingner. "These self-imposed
quarantine measures have got to hurt them even more."
This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: Coronavirus: North Korea claims zero cases amid Kim Jong Un rumors
Don't Miss it Coronavirus: Boris Johnson out of intensive care but remains in hospital – BBC News
Up Next Coronavirus: Raab urges UK public not to ruin lockdown progress – BBC News
Coronavirus News More than 1.3 million people have recovered from the coronavirus — and are likely now immune. But painful symptoms may last far longer than people realize.
Coronavirus News The Navy Is Blaming the Captain It Fired for Accurate COVID-19 Warning
Coronavirus Videos Is Trump putting his supporters at risk for COVID? | DW News
Coronavirus News COVID-19 relief talks begin to see progress, negotiators say
Coronavirus Videos Fighting coronavirus with blood | COVID-19 Special


text:
Q: How can I add an upload button to swagger UI in .NET core web api? I have an ASP.net core web API with swagger (using swashbuckle).
One of the actions in the Web API is a file upload action:
[Produces("application/json")]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class FilesController : Controller
{
    [HttpPost]
    public void Post(IFormFile file)
    {
        ...
    }
}

When I look up that action in the swagger UI it let's me fill in all the fields of IFormFile, which is not what I want to do to test my API.
So how can I add an upload button to the Swagger UI?

A: For anyone looking for an open api implementation
/// <summary>
/// Add extra parameters for uploading files in swagger.
/// </summary>
public class FileUploadOperation : IOperationFilter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Applies the specified operation.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="operation">The operation.</param>
    /// <param name="context">The context.</param>
    public void Apply(OpenApiOperation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
    {

        var isFileUploadOperation =
            context.MethodInfo.CustomAttributes.Any(a => a.AttributeType == typeof(FileContentType));

        if (!isFileUploadOperation) return;

        operation.Parameters.Clear();

        var uploadFileMediaType = new OpenApiMediaType()
        {
            Schema = new OpenApiSchema()
            {
                Type = "object",
                Properties =
                {
                    ["uploadedFile"] = new OpenApiSchema()
                    {
                        Description = "Upload File",
                        Type = "file",
                        Format = "formData"
                    }
                },
                Required = new HashSet<string>(){  "uploadedFile"  }
            }
        };

        operation.RequestBody = new OpenApiRequestBody
        {
            Content = {  ["multipart/form-data"] = uploadFileMediaType   }
        };
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Indicates swashbuckle should consider the parameter as a file upload
    /// </summary>
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method)]
    public class FileContentType : Attribute
    {

    }
}

Decorate controller using FileContentType attribute
[HttpPost]
[Route("PostFile")]
[FileUploadOperation.FileContentType]
public IActionResult PostFile(IFormFile uploadedFile)

File upload should be generated in the Request body like below..

A: First add a operation filter that consumes the multipart formdata.
public class FileUploadOperation : IOperationFilter
{
    private readonly IEnumerable<string> _actionsWithUpload = new []
    {
        //add your upload actions here!
        NamingHelpers.GetOperationId<FilesController>(nameof(FilesController.Post))
    };

    public void Apply(Operation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
    {
        if (_actionsWithUpload.Contains(operation.OperationId) )
        {
            operation.Parameters.Clear();
            operation.Parameters.Add(new NonBodyParameter
            {
                Name = "file",
                In = "formData",
                Description = "Upload File",
                Required = true,
                Type = "file"
            });
            operation.Consumes.Add("multipart/form-data");
        }
    }
}

    /// <summary>
    /// Refatoring friendly helper to get names of controllers and operation ids
    /// </summary>
    public class NamingHelpers
    {
        public static string GetOperationId<T>(string actionName) where T : Controller => $"{GetControllerName<T>()}{actionName}";

        public static string GetControllerName<T>() where T : Controller => typeof(T).Name.Replace(nameof(Controller), string.Empty);
    }

Now you should add your actions to the _actionWithUpload array!
Note that I added the extesnions only to have a refactoring friendly filter.
Last but not least, make sure the operation filter is added to the options of swagger. So add options.OperationFilter<FileUploadOperation>(); to your swagger options and done.
Full example:
       services.AddSwaggerGen(options =>
        {
            options.SwaggerDoc(Version, new Info
                {
                    Title = Title,
                    Version = Version
                }
            );
            var filePath = Path.Combine(PlatformServices.Default.Application.ApplicationBasePath, $"{_webApiAssemblyName}.xml");
            options.IncludeXmlComments(filePath);
            options.DescribeAllEnumsAsStrings();
//this is the step where we add the operation filter
            options.OperationFilter<FileUploadOperation>();
        });

A: In addition to @Nick's answer, I have to make 2 changes for AspNet core 2.
1] Updated GetOperationId()
Now all operationIds contain API prefix as well as Method in the suffix. So I have statically added API & Post in ActionName.
public static string GetOperationId<T>(string actionName) where T : ControllerBase => $"Api{GetControllerName<T>()}{actionName}Post";

2] Remove only file parameter
Instead of removing all parameters for that action, I want to remove only the file parameter.
var fileParameter = operation.Parameters.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Name == "file" && x.In == "body");
if (fileParameter != null)
{
    operation.Parameters.Remove(fileParameter);
    ...
}

A: For anyone who has more than one endpoint that needs to upload files and want to use more generic / descriptive / individual names for their file upload parameters:
public class SwaggerFileOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
{
  public void Apply(OpenApiOperation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
  {
    var fileParams = context.MethodInfo.GetParameters().Where(p => p.ParameterType.FullName?.Equals(typeof(Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.IFormFile).FullName) == true);

    if (fileParams.Any() && fileParams.Count() == 1)
    {
      var title = "The file to be uploaded";
      var description = "The file to be uploaded";
      int? maxLength = 5_242_880;
      bool required = true;

      var descriptionAttribute = fileParams.First().CustomAttributes.FirstOrDefault(a => a.AttributeType == typeof(FormFileDescriptorAttribute));
      if (descriptionAttribute?.ConstructorArguments.Count > 3)
      {
        title = descriptionAttribute.ConstructorArguments[0].Value.ToString();
        description = descriptionAttribute.ConstructorArguments[1].Value.ToString();
        required = (bool)descriptionAttribute.ConstructorArguments[2].Value;
        maxLength = (int)descriptionAttribute.ConstructorArguments[3].Value;
      }

      var uploadFileMediaType = new OpenApiMediaType()
      {
        Schema = new OpenApiSchema()
        {
          Type = "object",
          Properties =
            {
              [fileParams.First().Name] = new OpenApiSchema()
              {
                  Description = description,
                  Type = "file",
                  Format = "binary",
                  Title = title,
                  MaxLength = maxLength
              }
            }
        }
      };

      if (required)
      {
        uploadFileMediaType.Schema.Required = new HashSet<string>() { fileParams.First().Name };
      }

      operation.RequestBody = new OpenApiRequestBody
      {
        Content = { ["multipart/form-data"] = uploadFileMediaType }
      };
    }
  }
}

I created an attribute to add more description for my file upload:
public class FormFileDescriptorAttribute : Attribute
{
  public FormFileDescriptorAttribute(string title, string description, bool required, int maxLength)
  {
    Title = title;
    Description = description;
    Required = required;
    MaxLength = maxLength;
  }

  public string Title { get; set; }

  public string Description { get; set; }

  public int MaxLength { get; set; }

  public bool Required { get; set; }
}

And then I use it as such:
public async Task<IActionResult> CreateFromFileAsync(
  [FromForm, FormFileDescriptor("Project JSON file", "The project as a JSON file", true, 52_428_800)] IFormFile projectJsonFileFile,
  CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{

A: controller:
[HttpPost]
        public async Task<string> Post([FromForm] ImageUploadVW imageUpload)
        {
            if(imageUpload.Image.Length > 0)
            {
                string path = _webHostEnvironment.WebRootPath + "\\uploads\\";
                if (!Directory.Exists(path))
                {
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
                }
                using (FileStream fileStream = System.IO.File.Create(path +
              imageUpload.Image.FileName))
                {
                    imageUpload.Image.CopyTo(fileStream);
                    fileStream.Flush();
                    return "Upload Done";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                return "failed to Upload Image";
            }

     public class ImageUploadVW
    {
        public IFormFile Image { get; set; }
    }

A: I replace only file type parameters and not use clear all parameters.

/// <summary>
/// Add extra parameters for uploading files in swagger.
/// </summary>
public class FileUploadSawggerOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Applies the specified operation.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="operation">The operation.</param>
    /// <param name="context">The context.</param>
    public void Apply(OpenApiOperation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
    {
        var fileTypeParameters = context.MethodInfo.GetParameters().Where(c => c.ParameterType == typeof(IFormFile));
        if (!fileTypeParameters.Any()) return;

        var uploadFileMediaType = new OpenApiMediaType()
        {
            Schema = new OpenApiSchema()
            {
                Type = "object",
            }
        };

        foreach (var fileTypeParameter in fileTypeParameters)
        {
            var operationParameter = operation.Parameters.SingleOrDefault(c => c.Name == fileTypeParameter.Name);
            if (operationParameter is not null) operation.Parameters.Remove(operationParameter);

            uploadFileMediaType.Schema.Properties.Add(fileTypeParameter.Name, new OpenApiSchema()
            {
                Description = "Upload File",
                Type = "file",
                Format = "formData"
            });
        }

        operation.RequestBody = new OpenApiRequestBody
        {
            Content = { ["multipart/form-data"] = uploadFileMediaType }
        };
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


More people in South Yorkshire are diagnosed with cancer than the England average. Our most deprived patients are more likely to be diagnosed with cancer at a late stage and die of cancer. They are more likely to have the diagnosis made during an emergency admission and less likely to attend for screening. We want to change this but we need your help – join our social movement and through one small action – a conversation with a neighbour, passing a leaflet to a colleague, sharing a Facebook post – help save lives.
Be Cancer Safe is a community approach to improving cancer survival. We hope to create a large scale network of Cancer Champions who help to break down barriers and normalise conversations about cancer. By making it okay to talk about cancer we hope more people in our area will take part in routine screening or go to their GP with concerns. Early diagnosis is our best chance as this is when treatment is most effective.
If you'd like to learn more about Be Cancer Safe across the footprint contact Project Coordinator Alison Thorp, Email: alison.thorp@varotherham.org.uk or Tel: 01709 834450.
You can also follow our progress on Facebook and Twitter.
Voluntary Action Rotherham employs two Project Workers for the Barnsley area and two Project Workers for the Rotherham area. Contact a member of the team to discuss how you can get involved and/or to explore options for bringing Be Cancer Safe messages to your group, team or community.
Cancer Champions are ordinary people who help to spread awareness about cancer. They share with others as part of their everyday life simple cancer messages.
Learn more about cancer, cancer screening, signs and symptoms and turn that understanding into action. It's really easy to do!
Cancer Ambassadors represent an organisation, group or community. Ambassadors 'champion' Be Cancer Safe messages as part of their existing role.
Ambassadors will be supported by the Project Workers to reach members of their network with key information and to embed cancer messages within the culture of the organisation where appropriate. In some instances Cancer Ambassadors will be cancer survivors who as part of their journey with cancer choose to share their story with others.
If you are passionate about empowering others to take control of their own health the team would love to hear from you.
Click on the "resources" button at the top of page for access to a number a great PDF flyers and posters. These include easy read documents which are a fantastic resource for those with learning disabilities or for those who have English as a second language.


text:
Suseni este un sat ce aparține orașului Bolintin-Vale din județul Giurgiu, Muntenia, România. Se află la o distanță de  de București.

Satul Suseni este situat pe malul drept al râului Argeș.

Etimologie
Numele satului desemnează un grup de oameni aflați "pe din sus" de ceva, de un alt grup de oameni sau de un punct de referință. Este un toponim extrem de răspândit în arealul românesc. În cazul de față, susenarii se află "pe din sus" de satul Malu Spart, acesta fiind numele (adică Cătunul Malu Spart), sub care se regăsea satul atât la începutul, cât și la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea, în documente privitoare la moșia Căscioare.

Note

Legături externe
• Primăria orașului Bolintin-Vale

Suseni, Bolintin-Vale

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: PHP connect to xampp failed Heres my code in the php,
See as Text
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST')
{
    include 'DatabaseConfig.php';

    $con = mysqli_connect($HostName, $HostUser, $HostPass, $DatabaseName);
    $Email = $_POST['User_Email'];
    $Password = $_POST['User_Password'];
    $Full_Name = $_POST['User_Full_Name'];
    $CheckSQL = "SELECT * FROM register_account WHERE User_Email='$Email'";
    $check = mysqli_fetch_array(mysqli_query($con, $CheckSQL));
    if (isset($check))
    {
        echo 'Email Already Exist, Please Enter Another Email.';
    }
    else
    {
        $Sql_Query = "INSERT INTO register_account values(User_Email,User_Password,User_Full_Name) values ('$Email','$Password','$Full_Name')";
        if (mysqli_query($con, $Sql_Query))
        {
            echo 'User Registration Successfully';
        }
        else
        {
            echo 'Something went wrong';
        }
    }
}

mysqli_close($con);

and here's the error when i try to check it on my browser
Notice: Undefined variable: con in C:\xampp\htdocs\android\User-Registration.php on line 36

Warning: mysqli_close() expects parameter 1 to be mysqli, null given in C:\xampp\htdocs\android\User-Registration.php on line

i've checked my db and codes as many times as i cant but seems like still didnt work forme. can anyone help me out please? thanks!

A: <?php
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {

    include 'DatabaseConfig.php';

    $con = mysqli_connect($HostName, $HostUser, $HostPass, $DatabaseName);

    $Email = $_POST['User_Email'];

    $Password = $_POST['User_Password'];

    $Full_Name = $_POST['User_Full_Name'];

    $CheckSQL = "SELECT * FROM register_account WHERE
       User_Email='$Email'";

    $check = mysqli_fetch_array(mysqli_query($con, $CheckSQL));

    if (isset($check)) {

        echo 'Email Already Exist, Please Enter Another Email.';

    } else {
        $Sql_Query = "INSERT INTO register_account
      values(User_Email,User_Password,User_Full_Name) values
     ('$Email','$Password','$Full_Name')";

        if (mysqli_query($con, $Sql_Query)) {
            echo 'User Registration Successfully';
        } else {
            echo 'Something went wrong';
        }
    }
    mysqli_close($con);
}
?>

A: Well, check your code: you are only running mysqli_connect if a POST request occured, but you are running mysqli_close in every request


regeneration or independent silver ores.
export volume was 4,043 tons, 441 tons less than in 2007.
Silver powder import increased to 1,511 tons in 2008, rising by 54.34% YOY.
Import of silver concentrate reached 70,100 tons, declining by 62.84% YOY.
consumption exceeded 10% for years.
price will benefit from the huge export decrease of Chinese primary silver.
could not be got rid off in a short period.
growth rate in the future.


text:
By Gary Rollins
LA VETA- One of our part time Huerfano county residents is a delightful, multi-talented singer-songwriter and musician by the name of Mary-Ann Brandon, who calls Nashville "home." She has enjoyed widespread popularity, particularly in Europe where she has toured extensively. In Italy, she is considered a "star." I side with the Italians in that assessment.
Together with her husband, Fred James, she owns Bluesland Productions and five different music publishing companies. They both write, record, produce and perform music for a living. James' family settled close to La Veta in 1968. His father, Fred James Sr., has been a beloved member of the music community since his arrival. Mary-Ann and Fred were drawn to Huerfano County for the fresh mountain air, beautiful scenery and simple farm life.
Brandon has agreed to a weekly column in the Huerfano Journal and we'll all have a great opportunity to learn a whole bunch about the musical arts. I didn't realize we had so many people who were considered "somebodys" in the entertainment business. As she pointed out to me, "I never cease to be amazed that this delightful little town of less than 1,000 people has such a rich, 3-dimensional arts and entertainment colony." Many of these talented souls, as we know, enjoy the peace and quiet and revel in the anonymity they find here in La Veta.
Brandon's mission will be to keep us all updated on upcoming performances that we need to schedule and to review recordings of the local talent. Since she knows almost everyone who is "connected," there will be many revelations that would otherwise go unnoticed. So that you will know her better, let me tell you a few things about her musical accomplishments…
Mary-Ann Brandon is a three time Grammy Award nominee (in the Best Blues Album category) for her song-writing for Johnny Winter, Koko Taylor, Lonnie Brooks, C. J. Chenier, Kenny Neal and Saffire. Her songs have been featured in television commercials and in the 1997 Super Bowl TV broadcast.
She has recorded six albums for Appaloosa, Ichiban, Taxim and ROAD Records. She has toured extensively in Europe and the United States and appeared at several major Blues Festivals such as The King Biscuit Blues Festival, The Amsterdam Blues Festival, Blues Estafette, The Lucerne Blues Festival, The Belinzona Blues Festival, Belgium Blues Night and many others.
In addition to her own recording career she has lent her voice as a back up vocalist for artists including, David Olney, Tommy Tutone, Tim Krekel, Earl Gaines, Fingers Taylor and Sam Lay, to name just a few. Her latest album features guest appearances by Johnny Winter, Anson Funderburgh, Duke Robillard and Roscoe Shelton. She is currently putting finishing touches on her next album release.
To learn more about Mary-Ann and Fred and their music business please visit their website at www.blueslandproductions.com. And be sure to read along each week as we learn just why the beautiful Spanish Peaks are also "alive with the sound of music."


text: """The QR code component."""

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This second CD is dedicated to my friend, the actress Phillada Sewell, whose generosity in lending me her Steinway to replace mine, (destroyed in a disastrous house fire in 1981) made these CDs a possibility. As with my first CD, all the pieces were recorded in my drawing room.
For this second selection of favourite piano pieces, I have chosen seven by the great romantic Russian composer Scriabin - for me one of the great poets of music. Like Debussy with his full-tone scales, Scriabin had a musical message to give and, like Chopin, he often conveyed this in short, exquisite preludes and studies. By playing these seven pieces in succession, I hope they will better convey the harmonic idiom which is unique to Scriabin and has, for me, a special appeal.
The Brahms and Schubert pieces are examples of the supreme art of their composers.
A few years before he died, Rachmaninoff revised his famous melody in E and I heard him play it in this revised version at his recital at the Queen's Hall in about 1937. His playing was as unforgettable and as spellbinding as usual. It is this revised version I play on this disc.
Seguidillas by Albeniz is 100% Spanish and pure entertainment, whilst Liszt's Sonetto del Petrarca is a fine example of music as the language of emotions. (I recall) it was the first item on Horowitz's first recital in London, in about 1924, and I was completely captivated by it. Chopin's Nocturne Op.15/1 with its impression of a passing summer thunderstorm is another strongly emotional piece for me. Godowski's Transcriptions show what a great musician can do with simple melodies. I have included Liszt's lovely "Soirée de Vienne après Schubert" because the technical fluency to cope with its difficulties eluded me when I started to play it in 1939. Only now, sixty years later, have I been able to come to terms with it.
I hope these pieces will give you the pleasure they have, over the years, given to me.
As with the first CD, all proceeds will go to charity.


Sealing Machines | Taiwan high quality Sealing Machines Manufacturer and supplier | PHOENIXES MULTI SOLUTIONS INC.
Sealing Machines | PHOENIXES MULTI SOLUTIONS INC.
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text:
Connecting People with the Park
through education, volunteerism, and philanthropy
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Reopening of the Complete Kīlauea Iki Trail
Guardians of the Trails Youth Internship Program
Popular lava tube reopens in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park
March 26, 2021 / News & Announcements
Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park News Release: March 26, 2021
Hawaii National Park, HAWAI'I – Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park reopened Nāhuku (Thurston Lava Tube) today, March 26, 2021. The popular walk-through lava tube and rainforest trail were closed since March 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic.
There's one way to explore Nāhuku (Thurston Lava Tube) again, and that's on a newly signed one-way trail intended to keep everyone safe. The half-mile loop trail goes counter-clockwise through beautiful native rainforest, into the lava tube and back out through the rainforest.
"We are excited to again share the incredible experience of walking through native rainforest into a lava tube that was formed during a Kīlauea eruption more than 500 years ago," said Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park Superintendent Rhonda Loh. "The one-way flow reduces social distancing conflicts in the cave and on the trail, and we are relying on visitors and our community to recreate responsibly. Please wear a mask when physical distancing cannot be achieved," Loh said.
Nāhuku is open 24 hours and is lit from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Bring a flashlight or head lamp if visiting during dark hours. Restrooms near the lava tube are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and a new vault toilet is available a ½ mile away at the Kīlauea Iki parking lot.
All lava tubes present potential risks, including rockfall, low ceilings, standing water, tripping hazards and low light. Visit the park website to learn more.
The park closed the lava tube following the 2018 eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea, reopened it in February 2020, then the pandemic struck and it closed again. During the eruption, large rocks were dislodged in the ceiling and new cracks appeared. A geomorphologist, mining engineer and other specialists determined Nāhuku could be reopened if safety mitigations were met. Two crack monitors were installed, and a low-hanging rock was marked off to prevent head injuries. Data from the monitors reveals little change in the cave's structural integrity.
Nāhuku was first publicized in 1913 by Lorrin Thurston, a Honolulu publisher and proponent for establishing the national park. Nāhuku means "the protuberances" in Hawaiian, and possibly refers to the lava stalactites that once covered its ceiling but were taken by souvenir collectors. During the recent closures, long, delicate roots from ʻōhiʻa trees that grow on top of the underground tube now reach the floor in some areas. Colonies of white microbial matter thrive on the cave walls. Visitors are urged to protect these resources for future generations by not touching the roots or cave walls.
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Membership offers discounts on our field seminars, in the park's gift shops, and more.
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text:
Transatlantic Take
Establishment Republicans for Hillary Clinton?
Daniel Twining
WASHINGTON—The U.S. presidential primary campaign has been animated by a grassroots revolt against the Democratic and Republican Party "establishments," including their approach to world affairs. After yesterday's Indiana victory, it looks almost certain that the anti-establishment Donald Trump will be the Republican candidate. But what exactly is the so-called Republican foreign policy establishment? And why are establishment Republicans concerned with national security so distraught at the prospect of Donald Trump's nomination as their party's standard-bearer that many are considering voting for Hillary Clinton?
To begin, the dirty secret is that, in foreign policy, the Democratic and Republican establishments have much more in common with each other than they do with some of their own parties' grassroots constituencies. Shared foreign policy principles across party lines include a commitment to American leadership in the world; a rejection of isolationism as a source of ultimate danger to national security; strong support for America's overseas network of military alliances; commitment to an open international economic order in which Americans can prosper through trade; and a belief that the United States has a historic obligation to support human rights and democracy abroad.
Beyond these commonalities with the Democratic establishment, Republicans would go farther in certain areas. They are likely to frame U.S. leadership in the world with reference to an American exceptionalism rooted in the country's unique history. Republicans are stronger supporters of free trade and would go farther than many Democrats in asserting the importance of U.S. military primacy in world affairs.
Establishment Republicans highlight how what they see as U.S. retrenchment under President Obama has produced a more dangerous world. Examples include Obama's withdrawal of American forces from Iraq after the success of President George W. Bush's military "surge" there, creating the chaos from which the Islamic State terrorist group has sprung; Obama's decision to set deadlines for the drawdown of U.S. forces in Afghanistan determined not by conditions on the ground but by the American political calendar, empowering the Taliban to continue its war against the Afghan government; Obama's refusal to enforce his own declared "red line" against President Bashar al-Assad's use of chemical weapons in Syria and general hands-off approach to a conflict that has produced the world's worst humanitarian calamity since World War II. Republicans dislike the flawed nuclear deal with an Iranian government which continues to sponsor terrorism and prop up the Assad regime; and criticize Obama's irresolution in standing up to China's territorial revanchism in maritime Asia in an effort to secure Chinese cooperation on climate change and other secondary goals. Republican foreign policy leaders also bemoan the deterioration of America's relations with core allies under President Obama including Israel, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and NATO -- all of whose leaders have felt spurned, underappreciated, or ignored by the U.S. president at various points. Republicans lament the fact that the president cannot deliver members of his own party on Capitol Hill to support vital trade deals like the Trans-Pacific Partnership.,
Why are establishment Republicans in open revolt against a prospective President Trump? He proposes renegotiating U.S. alliances in Europe and Asia that have kept the peace for 70 years. His "America First" rhetoric recalls the arguments of opponents of U.S. intervention in the Second World War, whose isolationism would have allowed a Nazi imperium in Europe. Trump has declared war on the kind of free-trade deals that have spurred unprecedented American and global prosperity, threatening a return to the beggar-thy-neighbor policies of escalatory tariffs that deepened the Great Depression in the 1930s and fueled fascism in Europe.
Trump's alienation of Muslims would deprive the United States of the Middle Eastern allies it needs to prevail in the long war against violent Islamic extremism; his threat to build a wall on the border with Mexico would harm American relations with a vital neighbor. Trump's talk of respecting President Vladimir Putin in Russia as a leader with whom he could do business would subjugate concerns over Russian repression and revanchism -- making the same mistake as President Obama, who announced a "reset" with Russia early in his administration only to find himself scrambling to respond to the worst crisis in European security since the end of the Cold War when Russia invaded Ukraine.
Ironically, it is the Democratic nominee for president, Hillary Clinton, who promises to stand by America's allies in Europe and Asia, stand up to both Russian and Chinese aggression, assert America's commitment to global leadership as the indispensable nation, and get tough on both Bashar al-Assad and ISIS in Syria, including by arming the Syrian opposition. She already calls for a more muscular approach to the world than the one pursued by the president she served. Could it be that it is not Donald Trump but Democratic standard-bearer Hillary Clinton who will most effectively champion the foreign policy principles of establishment Republicans in November?
Security and Defense Program


Global trading volumes in crypto assets are set to overtake those in the US corporate debt market, despite this year's market setbacks, claims a report.
It is one of the findings in the fifth in a series of reports by research and intelligence house Satis Group, initiating coverage of the crypto asset class.
Extrapolating from historical trading data, Satis estimates 2018 trading volume for crypto will be at $7,300 billion ($7.3 trillion), $243 billion more than US corporate debt's $7,056 billion ($7.05 trillion).
That is impressive given that we are still in the depths of the bear market, the bottom of which we may be finally witnessing. By way of further comparison, US Treasuries ($121 trillion) and US equities ($74 trillion) volumes tower over both US corporate debt and crypto trading (see bar chart below).
Nevertheless, the findings attest to the dramatic growth of the ecosystem developing around crypto in these still early days for the asset class.


text:
Dwarf Seahorse
The dwarf seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) is a small seahorse found in the Western Atlantic Ocean. They are also known as little seahorses or pygmy seahorses.
The maximum length of a dwarf seahorse is just under 2 inches. Like many other seahorse species, it has a variety of color forms, which range from tan to green to almost black. Their skin may be mottled, have dark spots, and covered in tiny warts. These seahorses have a short snout, and a coronet on top of their head that is very high and column-like or knob-like in shape. They may also have filaments extending from their head and body.
Dwarf seahorses have 9-10 bony rings around their trunk and 31-32 rings around their tail.
Order: Gasterosteiformes
Family: Syngnathidae
Genus: Hippocampus
Species: Zosterae
Habitat and Distribution
Dwarf seahorses live in shallow waters populated with seagrasses. In fact, their distribution coincides with the availability of seagrasses. They may also be found in floating vegetation. They live in the Western Atlantic Ocean in southern Florida, Bermuda, Bahamas and the Gulf of Mexico.
Dwarf seahorses eat small crustaceans and tiny fish. Like other seahorses, they are "ambush predators," and use their long snout with a pipette-like motion to suck in their food as it passes by.
The breeding season for dwarf seahorses runs from February to November. In captivity, these animals have been reported to mate for life.
Dwarf seahorses have a complex, four phase courtship ritual that involves color changes, performing vibrations while attached to a holdfast. They may also swim around their holdfast. Then the female points her head upward, and the male responds by also pointing his head upward. Then they rise up into the water column and intertwine tails.
Like other seahorses, dwarf seahorses are ovoviviparous, and the female produces eggs that are reared in the male's brood pouch. The female produces about 55 eggs which are about 1.3 mm in size. It takes about 11 days for the eggs to hatch into miniature seahorses which are about 8 mm in size.
Conservation and Human Uses
This species is listed as data deficient on the IUCN Red List due to a lack of published data on population numbers or trends in this species.
This species is threatened by habitat degradation, especially because they rely on such shallow habitat. They also are caught as bycatch and caught live in Florida waters for the aquarium trade.
In the U.S., this species is a candidate for listing for protection under the Endangered Species Act.
References and Further Information:
Irey, B. 2004. "Hippocampus zosterae". Animal Diversity Web. Accessed September 30, 2014
Lourie, S.A., Foster, S.J., Cooper, E.W.T. and A.C.J. Vincent. 2004. A Guide to the Identification of Seahorses. Project Seahorse and TRAFFIC North America. 114 pp.
Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall, 1999. Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. 214 p. via FishBase, September 30, 2014.
Masterson, J. 2008. Hippocampus zosterae. Smithsonian Marine Station. Accessed September 30, 2014.
NOAA Fisheries. Dwarf Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae). Accessed September 30, 2014.
Project Seahorse 2003. Hippocampus zosterae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. . Accessed September 30, 2014.
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History of Newspapers In America
Copyright 2021 \ Educational resource - in an accessible language about everything in the world \ Dwarf Seahorse


text:
<?php

namespace Renatio\DynamicPDF\Controllers;

use Backend\Classes\Controller;
use Backend\Facades\BackendMenu;
use October\Rain\Exception\ApplicationException;
use Renatio\DynamicPDF\Classes\PDF;

/**
 * Class Layouts
 * @package Renatio\DynamicPDF\Controllers
 */
class Layouts extends Controller
{

    /**
     * @var array
     */
    public $implement = [
        'Backend.Behaviors.FormController',
        'Backend.Behaviors.ListController'
    ];

    /**
     * @var array
     */
    public $requiredPermissions = ['renatio.dynamicpdf.manage_layouts'];

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    public $bodyClass = 'compact-container';

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    public $formConfig = 'config_form.yaml';

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    public $listConfig = 'config_list.yaml';

    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();

        BackendMenu::setContext('Renatio.DynamicPDF', 'dynamicpdf', 'layouts');
    }

    /**
     * @param $id
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function previewPdf($id)
    {
        try {
            $this->pageTitle = trans('renatio.dynamicpdf::lang.templates.preview_pdf');
            $model = $this->formFindModelObject($id);

            return PDF::loadLayout($model->code)
                ->setOptions([
                    'logOutputFile' => storage_path('temp/log.htm'),
                    'isRemoteEnabled' => true,
                ])
                ->stream();
        } catch (ApplicationException $e) {
            $this->handleError($e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Renders HTML for given layout ID
     *
     * @param $id
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function html($id)
    {
        $model = $this->formFindModelObject($id);

        return response($model->html);
    }
}


text:
Emma Watson Backs Kathua Rape Victim's Lawyer
LOS ANGELES,CA- "Harry Potter" star Emma Watson on May 4 tweeted in support of Indian lawyer Deepika Singh Rajwat, who is fighting the case of a minor girl whose rape and murder in Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir sent shockwaves globally. Watson shared an article about "How the Kathua rape case lawyer is a force to reckon with" and wrote: "All power to Deepika Singh Rajawat." The British actor has been a UN Women...
Goodwill Ambassador and she has actively dedicated her efforts towards the empowerment of young women. The article shared by Watson brings attention to Rajawat's confident and professional demeanour as she is flanked by men who are not staring at her. Rajawat has been representing the family of the eight-year-old girl whose body was recovered from Rassana forest in Kathua on January 17, a week after she went missing while grazing horses in the forest area.
She was reportedly held captive inside a temple and was sedated before being raped, tortured and murdered. The case is ongoing in the Jammu and Kashmir High Court. Rajawat has been in defiance against her own colleagues in the Jammu Bar Association who allegedly warned her against taking up the case.


ZP 10N - Lift table - foot operated | Belet a.s.
Lifting table is stated for handling in workshops and other areas, where is necessitated handling with heavy subjects, its moving between working machines, by lifting etc. Table can be also used as adjusting work-table at pressing and machine tools. Lifting table is easy to move and pushing or towing helps a solid handrail. Lifting of the table is made pump moving of the lever of hydraulic aggregate. Table lowering is made by turning of the wheel in bottom part of the hydraulic aggregate. Connection of the firm frame, extending frame and lifting working table during the hydraulic cylinder is made by the chain FLEYER.