text:
namespace {

// Helper function to check that the image is sized properly
// and supports multiple pixel densities.
void VerifyScaling(gfx::Image& image, gfx::Size& size) {
  gfx::Size canvas_size(100, 100);
  gfx::Canvas canvas(canvas_size, 1.0f, false);
  gfx::Canvas canvas2(canvas_size, 2.0f, false);

  ASSERT_FALSE(gfx::test::IsEmpty(image));
  EXPECT_EQ(image.Size(), size);

  gfx::ImageSkia image_skia = *image.ToImageSkia();
  canvas.DrawImageInt(image_skia, 15, 10);
  EXPECT_TRUE(image.ToImageSkia()->HasRepresentation(1.0f));

  canvas2.DrawImageInt(image_skia, 15, 10);
  EXPECT_TRUE(image.ToImageSkia()->HasRepresentation(2.0f));
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, SizedMenuIcon) {
  // Test that an avatar icon isn't changed.
  const gfx::Image& profile_image(
      ResourceBundle::GetSharedInstance().GetImageNamed(IDR_PROFILE_AVATAR_0));
  gfx::Image result =
      profiles::GetSizedAvatarIcon(profile_image, false, 50, 50);

  EXPECT_FALSE(gfx::test::IsEmpty(result));
  EXPECT_TRUE(gfx::test::AreImagesEqual(profile_image, result));

  // Test that a rectangular picture (e.g., GAIA image) is changed.
  gfx::Image rect_picture(gfx::test::CreateImage());

  gfx::Size size(30, 20);
  gfx::Image result2 = profiles::GetSizedAvatarIcon(
      rect_picture, true, size.width(), size.height());

  VerifyScaling(result2, size);
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, MenuIcon) {
  // Test that an avatar icon isn't changed.
  const gfx::Image& profile_image(
      ResourceBundle::GetSharedInstance().GetImageNamed(IDR_PROFILE_AVATAR_0));
  gfx::Image result = profiles::GetAvatarIconForMenu(profile_image, false);
  EXPECT_FALSE(gfx::test::IsEmpty(result));
  EXPECT_TRUE(gfx::test::AreImagesEqual(profile_image, result));

  // Test that a rectangular picture is changed.
  gfx::Image rect_picture(gfx::test::CreateImage());
  gfx::Size size(profiles::kAvatarIconWidth, profiles::kAvatarIconHeight);
  gfx::Image result2 = profiles::GetAvatarIconForMenu(rect_picture, true);

  VerifyScaling(result2, size);
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, WebUIIcon) {
  // Test that an avatar icon isn't changed.
  const gfx::Image& profile_image(
      ResourceBundle::GetSharedInstance().GetImageNamed(IDR_PROFILE_AVATAR_0));
  gfx::Image result = profiles::GetAvatarIconForWebUI(profile_image, false);
  EXPECT_FALSE(gfx::test::IsEmpty(result));
  EXPECT_TRUE(gfx::test::AreImagesEqual(profile_image, result));

  // Test that a rectangular picture is changed.
  gfx::Image rect_picture(gfx::test::CreateImage());
  gfx::Size size(profiles::kAvatarIconWidth, profiles::kAvatarIconHeight);
  gfx::Image result2 = profiles::GetAvatarIconForWebUI(rect_picture, true);

  VerifyScaling(result2, size);
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, TitleBarIcon) {
  int width = 100;
  int height = 40;

  // Test that an avatar icon isn't changed.
  const gfx::Image& profile_image(
      ResourceBundle::GetSharedInstance().GetImageNamed(IDR_PROFILE_AVATAR_0));
  gfx::Image result = profiles::GetAvatarIconForTitleBar(
      profile_image, false, width, height);
  EXPECT_FALSE(gfx::test::IsEmpty(result));
  EXPECT_TRUE(gfx::test::AreImagesEqual(profile_image, result));

  // Test that a rectangular picture is changed.
  gfx::Image rect_picture(gfx::test::CreateImage());

  gfx::Size size(width, height);
  gfx::Image result2 = profiles::GetAvatarIconForTitleBar(
      rect_picture, true, width, height);

  VerifyScaling(result2, size);
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, GetImageURLWithThumbnailSizeNoInitialSize) {
  GURL initial_url(
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/photo.jpg");
  const std::string expected_url =
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/s128-c/photo.jpg";

  GURL transformed_url;
  EXPECT_TRUE(profiles::GetImageURLWithThumbnailSize(
      initial_url, 128, &transformed_url));

  EXPECT_EQ(transformed_url, GURL(expected_url));
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, GetImageURLWithThumbnailSizeSizeAlreadySpecified) {
  // If there's already a size specified in the URL, it should be changed to the
  // specified size in the resulting URL.
  GURL initial_url(
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/s64-c/photo.jpg");
  const std::string expected_url =
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/s128-c/photo.jpg";

  GURL transformed_url;
  EXPECT_TRUE(profiles::GetImageURLWithThumbnailSize(
      initial_url, 128, &transformed_url));

  EXPECT_EQ(transformed_url, GURL(expected_url));
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, GetImageURLWithThumbnailSizeSameSize) {
  // If there's already a size specified in the URL, and it's already the
  // requested size, true should be returned and the URL should remain
  // unchanged.
  GURL initial_url(
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/s64-c/photo.jpg");
  const std::string expected_url =
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/s64-c/photo.jpg";

  GURL transformed_url;
  EXPECT_TRUE(profiles::GetImageURLWithThumbnailSize(
      initial_url, 64, &transformed_url));

  EXPECT_EQ(transformed_url, GURL(expected_url));
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, GetImageURLWithThumbnailSizeNoFileNameInPath) {
  GURL initial_url(
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/");
  const std::string expected_url =
      "https://example.com/--Abc/AAAAAAAAAAI/AAAAAAAAACQ/Efg/";

  // If there is no file path component in the URL path, we should fail the
  // modification, but return true since the URL is still potentially valid and
  // not modify the input URL.
  GURL new_url;
  EXPECT_TRUE(profiles::GetImageURLWithThumbnailSize(
      initial_url, 64, &new_url));

  EXPECT_EQ(new_url, GURL(expected_url));
}

TEST(ProfileInfoUtilTest, GetImageURLWithThumbnailInvalidURL) {
  GURL initial_url;

  GURL new_url("http://example.com");
  EXPECT_FALSE(profiles::GetImageURLWithThumbnailSize(
      initial_url, 128, &new_url));

  // The new URL should be unchanged since the transformation failed.
  EXPECT_EQ(new_url, GURL("http://example.com"));
}

}  // namespace


text:
NRA's enemies list: Most of America – CNN.com
Question: What do George Clooney, Chaka Khan, the American Medical Association, Bon Jovi and C. Everett Koop have in common?
Answer: They are among the 500 names on the National Rifle Association's absurd new "enemies list."
Richard Nixon would be embarrassed to find that his once sinister form of score-keeping has been revived so promiscuously by the NRA. But there is some redeeming social value here: The list illustrates an organization that has become hermetically sealed from society at large, so caught up in conservative debates that it has forgotten how to connect with Main Street America.
The enemies list was first posted on the NRA's website in mid-September, hiding in plain sight under the banner "National Organizations with Anti-Gun Policies." But with the debate about reasonable gun restrictions reignited after the Sandy Hook Elementary School slaughter, the NRA's enemies list has become just the latest example of seriously bad judgment inside this once proud organization.
Because whatever staffer was tasked with accumulating the list took the idea of "you're either with us or against us" so literally that everyone who isn't a card-carrying conservative seems to be counted as an enemy.
The list is divided into broad categories, including "Anti-Gun Individuals and Celebrities," journalists, civic organizations and corporations — as well as a grab bag category that includes religious leaders. You don't have to be a charter member of Mensa to see how this is going to alienate far more Americans than it attracts.
We're living in a celebrity-driven culture, for better or worse, so let's start with a look at the celebrity list.
The first thing that struck me was the preponderance of '70s sitcom stars who are apparently among the leading threats to gun rights in America today, including Sandy Duncan, Marilu Henner, Ed Asner, Hal Linden and Pam Dawber of "Mork & Mindy" fame. It's like the list-maker was locked in a closet full of yellowing TV Guides. It's a near-miracle that "The Partridge Family" was left off the list.
But the NRA doesn't seem content to limit its targets to old reruns of "The Hollywood Squares" — no, it has to go and bring Sean Connery into the fight, along with Bruce Springsteen, Albert Brooks, Tony Bennett, Jack Nicholson, Britney Spears, Jerry Seinfeld and Oprah Winfrey.
On the civic side, it sees fit to call out everyone from Dick Parsons to Maya Angelou to (the late) Ed Koch to Michael Eisner. You might as well declare yourself the sworn enemy of anyone who doesn't subscribe to National Review.
This idea gets thrown into even sharper relief when you look at a partial list of civic, charitable and religious organizations that the NRA has determined are "anti-gun." Warning: Take a deep breath before reading aloud:
• AARP;
• AFL-CIO;
• American Medical Association;
• American Bar Association;
• Anti-Defamation League;
• B`nai B`rith;
• Children`s Defense Fund;
• Environmental Action Foundation;
• Episcopal Church;
• Lauder Foundation;
• League of Women Voters of the United States;
• National Association of Police Organizations;
• National Coalition Against Domestic Violence;
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People;
• National Council of La Raza;
• National Urban League;
• National Spinal Cord Injury Association;
• Southern Christian Leadership Conference;
• U.S. Catholic Conference;
• United Methodist Church;
• United Church of Christ;
• U.S. Conference of Mayors;
• and the YWCA of the USA.
I ask this in all seriousness: Who's left?
Because the list includes just about every major American faith group and denomination, every major ethnic group and voter constituency. And adding the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence and National Spinal Cord Injury Association to the list of anti-gun enemies is either clueless or callous — or both.
One of my favorite lyrics by U2 says: "Choose your enemies carefully, 'cause they will define you." The NRA, like too much of the conservative movement, has chosen its enemies indiscriminately and seems defined in opposition to most of modern America.
This is a byproduct of polarization, the cultlike expulsion of any dissenting voices and preoccupation with ideological purity.
In the case of the NRA, this is reflected in its reversal on policies it supported in the past, such as gun-free school zones and universal background checks. But it is also reflected in tone-deaf speeches such as the ones recently delivered by Wayne LaPierre, or the truly out-of-touch television ad the NRA produced calling President Barack Obama an "elitist hypocrite" for having the Secret Service guard his two daughters at school.
The essence of evangelism is winning converts — but that goal can be easily forgotten when you're preoccupied with playing to the base. Reasonable advocates of Second Amendment rights are being ill-served by the organization's recalcitrant radicalism — reflected in the fact that 74% of NRA members say they support universal background checks.
Adding an indiscriminate enemies list to the NRA website only highlights its isolation, consolidating opposition among the figures mentioned and their fans.
As legendary columnist Jimmy Breslin — also a Nixon enemies list alumnus — remarked when his name was found on the new NRA document, "Put me first on the list." This defiance is a very American response to such an awkward attempt to intimidate.
The NRA enemies list will backfire badly. And then maybe its absurd excess will provoke a needed reset inside the organization, providing a timely reminder that the politics of addition are always more effective than the politics of division.
This entry was posted in Columns and tagged CNN, National Security, Wingnuts. Bookmark the permalink.
←With Plea Deal, Jesse Jackson Jr.'s Fall From Grace Seems Complete – The Daily Beast
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


p53 has previously been shown to contain a transactivation domain using GAL4 fusion proteins and to bind specifically to a 33 base pair DNA sequence in immunoprecipitation assays. We show here that mammalian p53 expressed in S. cerevisiae is able to activate transcription of a reporter gene placed under the control of a CYC1 hybrid promoter containing the 33 base pair p53-binding sequence. The activation is dependent on the orientation and number of copies of the binding site. Three p53 mutants commonly found in human tumours, 175H, 248W and 273H, are unable to activate transcription. A fourth human p53 mutant, 285K, is temperature-sensitive for transcriptional activation. Murine p53 activates transcription from the same sequence. The murine 135V mutant, which is temperature-sensitive for mammalian cell transformation, is also temperature-sensitive for transcriptional activation. There is a much better correlation between mutation and transcriptional competence than between mutation and the structure of p53 determined with conformation-sensitive antibodies. We have therefore developed a simple transcription assay for p53 mutation in which yeast are transfected with p53 PCR products and mutation is scored on X-gal plates.


There are many places to go in Indiana with your RV. As you already know, your recreational vehicle sits around, a lot. Your motorhome or travel trailer has a strong foundation in your family, you just don't need to use it every day.
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Anytime a vehicle is being taken out, it is important to make sure it is working properly. With a recreational vehicle there are a lot more moving parts, so there is an even higher level of responsibility.
Luckily, there is a state-of-the-art RV service center that Indiana customers can count on at our dealership! Our factory trained and certified technicians have the tools and the space to work on your motorhome or travel trailer. There is more to a recreational vehicle than just the vehicle itself. Bathrooms, electrical outlets, kitchens and more, which give us more to do – and we love it!
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text:
Route 26 Oxford Maine
Track Specs:
Track Size: 3/8 mile oval
Surface: Asphalt
Seating: Approx 14,000
http://www.oxfordplains.com
Rowe Snaps Long ACT Winless Drought at Oxford as Hebert Locks up First Title
Oct 20, 2020 | ACT, Maine Race Tracks, Oxford Plains Speedway, Touring Series News
Belanger Overwhelms Field in Flying Tiger Oxford Open
American Canadian Tour
Oxford, ME — Turner, ME's Ben Rowe and Williamstown, VT's Jimmy Hebert took home the glory of the American-Canadian Tour (ACT) season finale at Maine's Oxford Plains Speedway on Sunday, October 18. Rowe broke a long ACT dry spell with his victory in the Lee's Family Trailer Sales & Service 150 while Hebert's third-place finish clinched his first ACT Late Model Tour championship.
For Rowe, it was the multi-time Pro All Star Series champion's first win in an ACT-sanctioned event since 2006 — a drought of more than 14 years. Hebert, meanwhile, finally claimed a title after having finished second or third in the ACT standings four different times during his career.
Stark, NH's Jamie Swallow Jr. set the early tempo, snatching the lead from polesitter Marcel J. Gravel amidst a trio of early cautions. Once the field got going, Swallow checked out, putting several seconds between himself and a raging battle that included Ryan Kuhn, Rowe, Tom Carey III, D.J Shaw, Derek Gluchacki, and others.
ACT Set to Crown Champion at Oxford This Weekend
Flying Tigers Join Card for Maine ACT Showdown
Waterbury, VT — The American-Canadian Tour (ACT) is slated to descend on Maine's Oxford Plains Speedway this Saturday, October 17 at 1:00pm for the final event of the 2020 racing season. The Lee's Family Trailer Sales & Service 150 for the ACT Late Model Tour and Oxford Open for the ACT Flying Tigers send off the 35th season of ACT competition with a bang.
Despite a season with unique challenges never before seen in ACT's long history, the finale is still brimming with excitement and intrigue. Late Model stars like Jimmy Hebert, D.J. Shaw, Ben Rowe, Dylan Payea, and Derek Gluchacki are ready for 150 more laps to decide who will end the campaign on a high note. They'll be joined by Flying Tiger standouts Jason Woodard, Cameron Ouellette, Colin Cornell, and more in an encore trip to the famous 3/8-mile oval.
Kaffel set for return to Oxford Plains Speedway on September 12
Sep 5, 2020 | Maine Race Tracks, Oxford Plains Speedway
Work schedule, college prep consumed driver all summer
RAYMOND, Maine (Sept. 2, 2020) — Sometimes, for even the most talented and determined racers, life gets in the way of pursuing their dreams. Business demands and furthering one's education are often cited as key factors, but first and foremost, a man has to do what it takes to grow and prosper.
Weekly short track racing is, after all, for most at least, just a hobby. There are other priorities.
For 18-year-old Ivan Kaffel, the summer of 2020 was going to be filled with promise. Yet as the global pandemic began to shut down the short track industry, he wisely shifted his attention.
Hebert Finally Breaks Through at Oxford to Extend ACT Point Lead
Sep 1, 2020 | ACT, Maine Race Tracks, Oxford Plains Speedway, Touring Series News
Oxford, ME — Williamstown's Jimmy Hebert finished a job he had come close to so many times before by winning the Oxford Plains 150 at Maine's Oxford Plains Speedway on Sunday, August 30. Hebert took the lead for good from Turner, ME's Ben Rowe with 57 laps to go and was never seriously threatened from there on his way to becoming the first repeat winner of the American-Canadian Tour (ACT) season.
For Hebert, it was a victory that had been within reach on multiple occasions prior to Sunday. In nine previous starts at Oxford, he had posted six top-5 finishes with a pair of runner-up results. His elusive first win at the historic 3/8-mile track also put him in the driver's seat for his first ACT championship with three point-counting events remaining.
Dwinal gearing up for big Oxford 250 weekend
Aug 25, 2020 | Maine Race Tracks, Oxford Plains Speedway
Twin features on Speed51 Live stream up next
LISBON, Maine (Aug. 24, 2020) — It's one of the nation's biggest short track weekends of the season, and even the open-wheel crowd is getting in on the action. The 47th annual Oxford 250 is set for Sunday, Aug. 30, and Gary Dwinal Racing is gearing up for a pair of high-profile features on the weekend docket.
The Pro All Stars (PASS) Modifieds will run a 50-lap feature on Sat., Aug. 29, as part of a program featuring the VT-based American-Canadian Tour. On Sunday, the Mods will run a 75-lap contest.
"This will be without a doubt the most important back-to-back races we'll run all season," Dwinal said from his shop as he put the finishing touches on his No 55 entry. "Even though they can't have the big crowd on hand this year, lots of people will be watching the Live stream on Speed51 around the globe.


Bera is an objective way of eliciting brain stem potentials in response to audiological click stimuli. These waves are recorded by electrodes placed over the scalp. This investigation was first described by Jewett and Williston in 1971.


text:
Reaching Galle
Galle, 116 km (74miles) located at southwest corner of the island is the largest town in the region. To arrive at Galle, we drive along the Galle road (western coastal road).
Colombo / Mount Lavinia (Colonial Mount Lavinia Hotel) / Moratuwa / and then a fine stretch of beaches – Wadduwa (beach) / Kalutara (beach) / Beruwala Bay Beach / Bentota Bay Beach Resort (prime beach resort – beach & lagoon) / Induruwa (beach & turtles) / Kosgoda (beach & turtles) / Ahungalla (beach) / Balapitiya / Ambalangoda(beach & devil dance masks) / Senigama / Hikkaduwa (beach resort & corals) / Thiranagama / Dodanduwa.
After Galle are the fine stretch of southern beaches: Unawatuna Bay Beach, Koggala Beach (beach & lagoon), Mirissa Bay Beach , Tangalla Bay Beach (beach & lagoon), Matara (Dutch fort).
The Biblicical history of Galle
According to Sir James Emerson Tennant Galle was the "Tarshish" referred to in the Bible. It was to Galle that King Solomon sent emissaries to procure the jewel that won him the heart of Queen Sheba. Owing to its strategic position on the sea routes between Arabia, India & Southeast Asia, the natural harbour & the picturesque seaside resort area surrounding it, Galle had become the centre of trade in olden days where sailing vessels laden with merchandize from Egypt, Persia, Arabia, South India, Malaysia, Singapore and the Eastern China converged. Host of nationalities lived and traded in Galle. The traders bartered their goods with the produce of the island, i.e. spices, ivory, gems and pearls. By the term "spices", Arabs meant foodstuff including spices, all varieties of pulse & grain. In the markets of the city there were gems comprising of sapphires, rubies, cat's eye and semi precious gems as tourmaline, amethysts and moonstones. The people of Galle prospered with the sale of exquisite curios made of tortoise shell, ebony, porcupine quills and elephants' tusks. The Cripps Road inscription reveals the polyglot and poly-ethnic character of Galle. Even in early British times the earliest Embassies were situated in Galle. The first Consul from USA was resident in Galle.
Gaalla
The town got its name as 'Gaalla' in the native tongue as a result of the large number of bullock carts that took shelter therein following the long slow journeys from remote areas of the island. The favorite station with greater numbers of carts and bulls were called 'Maagalla' or Magalle.
Travellers Ibn Battuta, Marco Polo & Fa Hein
Besides traders & merchants, there are records of visits by legendary voyagers, such as traveler Fa Hein from China and traveler Marco Polo from the West. Perhaps the earliest recorded reference to Galle comes from the great Arab traveler Ibn Battuta, who observed Moorish vessels in the harbour in 1344.
Standing on a peninsula with a naturally sheltered anchorage on the east side, Galle has both a fine harbour & excellent natural defences. The old town, or Fort, occupies most of a south-pointing promontory. The new town with bus & train stations, shops & banks is in the mainland across the Galle road. In the peninsula link broadened by the British from reclaimed land is esplanade & Galle International Cricket Stadium.
Lorenzo De Almeida
In 1505 a Portuguese fleet with Lorenzo De Almeida, the son of the Viceroy of Goa at the helm, set sail to intercept Moorish vessels carrying cargoes of spice, but the fleet was blown off course & landed at what was to become the colonial gateway to the south. It is said newcomers christened the harbour Punto de Gale, after the crowing cockerels (gallo in Portuguese, gallus in Latin) that they heard. If that is a fanciful story, the symbol on a slab over the inner side of the original entrance on Queen's street is ubiquitous. The symbol is a cock. The British later called it Point de Galle. However, the city was already named "Gaalla" by the Sinhalese even prior to the Portuguese era in Lanka.
The Portuguese
In 1587 the Portuguese built a small fort, which they named Santa Cruz & followed up the construction with a series of bastions & walls. By and by the Portuguese held sway in western sea coast though on & off suffered defeats in Colombo & surroundings at the hands their arch enemies, King Mayadunne, the great warrior King Sitawake Rajasinghe at Sitawake kingdom, his rival commander, the formidable, peerless & ambidextrous Vidiya Bandara at Kotte kingdom & King Senarat & King Vimaladharmasuriya in Kandyan kingdom in the hills. The Portuguese wreaked havoc on Buddhist temples & by way of sword & fire forced the spread of Roman Catholicism on the populace in the western coastal belt. The Portuguese socio-cultural imprints are particularly strong in the language, religion, education, administration, food, dress, names, music and drama. The surnames Fernando, Perera, De Silva, Mendis, De Soysa, De Mel, Peiris & and personal names Don, Dona Peduru, Franciscu, Juvan, Singho, are some of them. Baila music was first introduced here by the Portuguese. But then in spite of the beautiful Sinhalese folk music & beautiful traditional Sinhalese music (late Sunil Shantha & with apologies to others who are not indicated herein), no music in the island makes the Sri Lankan toes tingle as Baila do.
In 1640 the Dutch defeated the Portuguese & persecuted them until they left these shores. The Dutch constructed huge ramparts and an enchanting Fort which forms a landmark in Galle that gives splendour to the town. They planned a township occupying most of the promontory (36 hectares) inside the fort with criss-cross roads and low roofed houses with massive walls and large doors and windows. They constructed an underground system of brick paved sewers, which was flushed by the action of the tides in the sea that surrounded the walls of the fort. They built a large church, which is called The Dutch Reformed Church that stands well even up to this day. The sheer scale of the town facing bastions here is brutally impressive, if not particularly aesthetic-a fitting memorial to Dutch Governor Petrus Vuyst (1726-29), who was largely responsible for their construction & whose cruelty & abuse of power was such that he was eventually recalled to VOC (Dutch East India Company) administrative headquarters in the East in Batavia (present Jakarta) & executed. Unlike to Portuguese, the religion to the Dutch was of secondary importance. Profit was its prime objective. Voila vote religion – 'love of gain'. The charter of VOC in 1602 stated 'Nature of government is such that it cannot suffer two equally great controlling powers, any more than a body can endure two heads'. Similarly, the civil power always had full and unfettered control over the ecclesiastical. Dutch stayed for 156 years.
In 1796, following the Dutch capitulation in the Napoleonic Wars, the British took over the Galle fort. Galle continued to serve as Ceylon's principal harbour for much of the18th century. But then the improvements to Colombo harbour commenced to erode the trade & commerce in Galle. By the early 20th century, Galle lapsed into a tranquil decline, which by providence allowed the Dutch heritage in Ceylon to survive completely intact. It's a delightfully quiet & easy going.
Recognition of Galle
In 1969, Galle fort was declared an archeological reserve by the U. N. In December 1988, UNESCO declared Galle Fortress as a World Heritage Site. A Parliament Act titled Galle Heritage Foundation Act was passed in 1994 in Sri Lanka. In the years following independence, Galle has recovered some of its lost dynamism. Today, once again Galle has become an important harbour of the Island.
The Fort today
The Galle fort is the best preserved colonial sea fortress in the whole of Asia. The massive ramparts & bastions today protect the area from modernization as effectively as they once protected Dutch trading interests from adventurers. Its low-rise streets lined with old churches & Dutch colonial villas with original street-facing colonnaded verandas & ornate gables, giving glimpses through open doors of plant-filled courtyards. Styles of art deco from the 1930s, & earlier art nouveau, are represented too, with Sinhalese touches. There are 473 houses in the fort, everyone counted by the staff of the Archeological Department which maintains an office in a converted Dutch building opposite the Old gate, which pursues a vigorous campaign to restore & preserve the fort's architectural heritage. About 50 of the present buildings predate the British occupation with a further 104 constructed pre-1850. The recent real estate boom in Galle had converted the fort into a fashionable area. Colonial villas were bought up & renovated by foreign investors. New Oriental Hotel has been developed, branded & marketed by the name of Amangalle Hotel by Aman Resorts based in Singapore.
Two entry points: main gate & old gate
The Main Gate was built by the British in 1873 to handle the heavier traffic into the old city. This part of the wall, most heavily fortified with massive ramparts facing the landside was originally built by the Portuguese with moat & drawbridge & was substantially enlarged by the Dutch, who in 1667 split it into separate Star, Moon & Sun Bastions. The clock tower is quite modern & usually has a huge national flag flying from it.
The Old gate is on the Queen Street. The arch on the Fort side of the gate is inscribed with the coat of arms of VOC (Vereenigde Oost Indische Campagnie), showing two lions holding a crest topped by the inevitable cockerel), while the arch on the exterior, port-facing side is decorated with the British crest, "Dieu et mon droit", & the date 1669.
Ramparts
A continuous rampart, surrounded on three sides by the sea, encircling the city (fort) is interrupted by 14 massive bastions. The two nearest to the harbour are Sun & Zwart, followed by Aurora & Point Utrecht bastions before the lighthouse, then Triton, Neptune, Clippenberg, Aeolus, Star & Moon. The best way to see the fort is to walk the length of the walls (90 minutes), & the best time to do it is around sunset. Only once-between Aurora Bastion & the Old gate-is it necessary to leave the wall. Part of the area between the Star & Aeolus Bastions is an off-limits military compound. South of the harbour Zwart (Black) Bastion is believed to be the only surviving part of the original Portuguese fortifications. During the Dutch period the 109 cannons were mounted on the 14 bastions.
It houses eight religious institutions that include Temples, Y.M.B.A, Y.W.C.A churches, Mosques, Zaviyas and Thakkiyas etc, that have pioneered and propagated religion and upheld all cultural values, morals, traditions, customs and other activities for several centuries.
Dutch Museum
For a peep into life in the days of the Dutch East India Company, look into this small museum at 31 Leyn Baan Street. Housed in a restored Dutch mansion of the time, it contains paintings, prints, documents, furniture & ceramics from the Dutch colonial era.
National Cultural Museum
Natural Cultural Museum is housed in an old colonial stone warehouse on Church Street as you enter the Fort. Exhibits include a model of Galle & the fort's Dutch & Portuguese inheritance.
The old lighthouse with the lantern at the height of 92 feet above low-water, built in 1848 was burnt down in 1936. The new light was built in 1940 at Utreeth Bastion in the same street, lighthouse street called 'Zeeburgstraat' 'Middelpuntstraat' during the Dutch period. The lantern is 92 feet above low-water level.
Thanthirimale Rajamaha Viharaya – තන්තිරිමලේ රජමහා විහාරය


text:
Sudan apostasy woman Mariam Ibrahim 'to campaign'
Mariam Ibrahim said she believed her imprisonment in Sudan was ''a test''
Mariam Ibrahim, the Sudan woman who escaped a death sentence imposed for renouncing her faith, says she wants to campaign for others who face religious persecution.
Speaking to the BBC in the US, where she is seeking asylum, Ms Ibrahim said she hopes to return to Sudan one day.
Ms Ibrahim earlier received an award from a US Christian foundation.
Her sentencing - by a Sudanese court that did not recognise her Christian faith - sparked outrage this year.
Born to a Muslim father, she was raised a Christian by her mother and married a Christian man.
Under Sudan's version of Islamic law, however, her father's religion meant that she too was still technically a Muslim. A court found her guilty of apostasy, or renouncing one's faith.
Sentenced to hang, she gave birth to her daughter while shackled in prison. Under intense international pressure, her conviction was quashed and she was freed in June.
She told the BBC that she had been threatened by the guards while she was in court.
"The judge told me that I needed to convert to Islam," she said. "And so these warnings made me anticipate I would be sentenced to death."
Mrs Ibrahim's daughter Maya was born in prison in May
"It wasn't easy, I can't describe it," she said, of her time in prison. "But there are others who are in worse conditions in Sudan than those I was in."
"Sadly, this was all under the guise of the law. So instead of protecting people, the law is harming them."
On Saturday night, Ms Ibrahim received an award from a gathering of evangelical Christian conservatives in Washington, who see her treatment in Sudan as an assault on their values.
Sudan case reignites apostasy debate
Sudan country profile
Islam and the apostasy debate
News in Arabic


when i add a fuel-up it is not auto-posting to facebook. here is what is checked under settings, i added a fuel up today and it did not post.
Hate to revive an old thread, but same issue here. Did you ever find a solution?
Now that you mention it, I haven't received any Facebook posts either.
Ditto, mine never show up. But a friend of mine who also uses the site, his show.
Now, I did notice when it was working for me, that if I entered the fillup data on the website, it posted to Facebook. If I posted the fillup from my cellphone using the mobile site, it never posted to Facebook.
Same issue - nothing will auto-post to Facebook. I reset and reauthorized and also checked my Facebook app permissions. All looks okay. I DID notice that when the first Facebook authorization pop up appears, it says "This does not let the app post to Facebook." BUT later on in my app permissions, it shows it can.
I posted a fillup to my Escape Hybrid this morning using the Fuelly mobile site, and when I got home, there was a Facebook post on my wall... So Congratulations are in order for whoever fixed it!
I fueled-up my Ford Escape Hybrid, 37.4 MPG.
You and Jack King like this.
Nope still nothing shows up.
I just tried it (desktop) and it worked!


text:
State of Palestine explained
Conventional Long Name: State of Palestine
Common Name: Palestine
Symbol Width: 70px
National Anthem: "Arabic: {{big|فدائي
Map Width: 220px
Status: Partially recognized state, UN observer state
Recognized by 136 UN member states
Largest City: Gaza City
Official Languages: Arabic
Demonym: Palestinian
Government Type: Unitary semi-presidential republic[1]
Leader Title1: President
Leader Name1: Mahmoud Abbasb
Leader Title2: Prime Minister
Leader Name2: Rami Hamdallah
Leader Title3: Speaker of Parliament
Leader Name3: Salim Zanoun
Legislature: National Council
Sovereignty Type: Formation
Established Event1: Declaration of Independence
Established Date1: 15 November 1988
Established Event2: UNGA observer state resolution
Established Event3: Sovereignty dispute with Israel
Area Km2: 6,020 [2]
Area Rank: 163rd
Area Sq Mi: 2,320
Percent Water: 3.5[3]
Area Label2: West Bank
Area Data2: 5,860 km
Area Label3: Gaza Strip
Area Data3: 360 km[4]
Population Estimate: 4,816,503[5]
Population Estimate Year: 2016
Population Estimate Rank: 123rd
Population Density Km2: 731
Population Density Sq Mi: 1,895
Gdp Ppp Year: 2008a
Gdp Ppp Rank: –
Gdp Ppp Per Capita: $2,900a
Gdp Ppp Per Capita Rank: –
Gini: 35.5
Gini Year: 2009
Gini Ref: [6]
Hdi: 0.677
Hdi Year: 2014
Hdi Change: increase
Hdi Ref: [7]
Hdi Rank: 113th
Time Zone: Palestine Standard Time
Utc Offset: +2
Utc Offset Dst: +3
Time Zone Dst: Palestine Summer Time
Date Format: dd/mm/yyyy
Drives On: right
Calling Code: +970
Iso3166code: PS
Cctld: .ps
Footnote A: Population and economy statistics and rankings are based on data from the PCBS.
Footnote B: Also the leader of the state's government.
Footnote C: The territories claimed are under Israeli occupation.
Country Code: PLE
Palestine (Arabic: فلسطين ), officially the State of Palestine (Arabic: دولة فلسطين ), is a de jure sovereign state[8] [9] in the Middle East claiming the West Bank (bordering Israel and Jordan) and Gaza Strip (bordering Israel and Egypt)[10] with East Jerusalem as the designated capital, although its administrative center is currently located in Ramallah. Most of the areas claimed by the State of Palestine have been occupied by Israel since 1967 in the consequence of the Six-Day War. The population is 4,550,368 as of 2014, ranked 123rd in the world.
After World War II, in 1947, the United Nations adopted a Partition Plan for Mandatory Palestine recommending the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states and an internationalized Jerusalem.[11] After the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel on 14 May 1948,[12] [13] [14] neighboring Arab armies invaded the former British mandate on the next day and fought the Israeli forces.[15] [16] Later, the All-Palestine Government was established by the Arab League on 22 September 1948 to govern the Egyptian-controlled enclave in Gaza. It was soon recognized by all Arab League members except Transjordan. Though jurisdiction of the Government was declared to cover the whole of the former Mandatory Palestine, its effective jurisdiction was limited to the Gaza Strip.[17] Israel later captured the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria in June 1967 following the Six-Day War.
On 15 November 1988, Yasser Arafat, Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), in Algiers proclaimed the establishment of the State of Palestine. A year after the signing of the Oslo Accords in 1993, the Palestinian National Authority was formed to govern the areas A and B in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Gaza would later be ruled by Hamas in 2007, two years after the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.
The State of Palestine is recognized by 136 UN members and since 2012 has a status of a non-member observer state in the United Nations – which implies recognition of statehood.[18] [19] It is a member of the Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, G77, and the International Olympic Committee and other international bodies.
Since the British Mandate, the term "Palestine" has been associated with the geographical area that currently covers the State of Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.[20] General use of the term "Palestine" or related terms to the area at the southeast corner of the Mediterranean Sea beside Syria has historically been taking place since the times of Ancient Greece, with Herodotus writing of a "district of Syria, called Palaistine" in which Phoenicians interacted with other maritime peoples in The Histories.[21]
Some other terms that have been used to refer to all or part of the geographical region of "Palestine" include Canaan, Land of Israel (Eretz Yisrael or Ha'aretz), Greater Syria, the Holy Land, Iudaea Province, Judea, Coele-Syria, "Israel HaShlema", Kingdom of Israel, Kingdom of Jerusalem, Zion, Retenu (Ancient Egyptian), Southern Syria, Southern Levant and Syria Palaestina.
See main article: Geography of the State of Palestine. The areas claimed by the State of Palestine lie in the Levant. The Gaza Strip borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Egypt to the south, and Israel to the north and east. The West Bank is bordered by Jordan to the east, and Israel to the north, south, and west. Thus, the two enclaves constituting the area claimed by State of Palestine have no geographical border with one another, being separated by Israel. These areas would constitute the world's 163rd largest country by land area.[22] [23]
See main article: History of the State of Palestine.
See also: History of Palestine. In 1947, the UN adopted a partition plan for a two-state solution in the remaining territory of the mandate. The plan was accepted by the Jewish leadership but rejected by the Arab leaders, and Britain refused to implement the plan. On the eve of final British withdrawal, the Jewish Agency for Israel declared the establishment of the State of Israel according to the proposed UN plan. The Arab Higher Committee did not declare a state of its own and instead, together with Transjordan, Egypt, and the other members of the Arab League of the time, commenced military action resulting in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. During the war, Israel gained additional territories that were designated to be part of the Arab state under the UN plan. Egypt occupied the Gaza Strip and Transjordan occupied and then annexed the West Bank. Egypt initially supported the creation of an All-Palestine Government, but disbanded it in 1959. Transjordan never recognized it and instead decided to incorporate the West Bank with its own territory to form Jordan. The annexation was ratified in 1950 but was rejected by the international community. The Six-Day War in 1967, when Israel fought against Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, ended with Israel occupying the West Bank and Gaza Strip, besides other territories.
In 1964, when the West Bank was controlled by Jordan, the Palestine Liberation Organization was established there with the goal to confront Israel. The Palestinian National Charter of the PLO defines the boundaries of Palestine as the whole remaining territory of the mandate, including Israel. Following the Six-Day War, the PLO moved to Jordan, but later relocated to Lebanon after Black September in 1971.
The October 1974 Arab League summit designated the PLO as the "sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people" and reaffirmed "their right to establish an independent state of urgency."[24] In November 1974, the PLO was recognized as competent on all matters concerning the question of Palestine by the UN General Assembly granting them observer status as a "non-state entity" at the UN.[25] After the 1988 Declaration of Independence, the UN General Assembly officially acknowledged the proclamation and decided to use the designation "Palestine" instead of "Palestine Liberation Organization" in the UN.[26] In spite of this decision, the PLO did not participate at the UN in its capacity of the State of Palestine's government.[27]
In 1979, through the Camp David Accords, Egypt signaled an end to any claim of its own over the Gaza Strip. In July 1988, Jordan ceded its claims to the West Bank—with the exception of guardianship over Haram al-Sharif—to the PLO. In November 1988, the PLO legislature, while in exile, declared the establishment of the "State of Palestine". In the month following, it was quickly recognised by many states, including Egypt and Jordan. In the Palestinian Declaration of Independence, the State of Palestine is described as being established on the "Palestinian territory", without explicitly specifying further. Because of this, some of the countries that recognised the State of Palestine in their statements of recognition refer to the "1967 borders", thus recognizing as its territory only the occupied Palestinian territory, and not Israel. The UN membership application submitted by the State of Palestine also specified that it is based on the "1967 borders".[10] During the negotiations of the Oslo Accords, the PLO recognised Israel's right to exist, and Israel recognised the PLO as representative of the Palestinian people. Between 1993 and 1998, the PLO made commitments to change the provisions of its Palestinian National Charter that are inconsistent with the aim for a two-state solution and peaceful coexistence with Israel.
After Israel took control of the West Bank from Jordan and Gaza Strip from Egypt, it began to establish Israeli settlements there. These were organised into Judea and Samaria district (West Bank) and Hof Aza Regional Council (Gaza Strip) in the Southern District. Administration of the Arab population of these territories was performed by the Israeli Civil Administration of the Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories and by local municipal councils present since before the Israeli takeover. In 1980, Israel decided to freeze elections for these councils and to establish instead Village Leagues, whose officials were under Israeli influence. Later this model became ineffective for both Israel and the Palestinians, and the Village Leagues began to break up, with the last being the Hebron League, dissolved in February 1988.[28]
In 1993, in the Oslo Accords, Israel acknowledged the PLO negotiating team as "representing the Palestinian people", in return for the PLO recognizing Israel's right to exist in peace, acceptance of UN Security Council resolutions 242 and 338, and its rejection of "violence and terrorism".[29] As a result, in 1994 the PLO established the Palestinian National Authority (PNA or PA) territorial administration, that exercises some governmental functions in parts of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.[30] In 2007, the Hamas takeover of Gaza Strip politically and territorially divided the Palestinians, with Abbas's Fatah left largely ruling the West Bank and recognized internationally as the official Palestinian Authority,[31] while Hamas secured its control over the Gaza Strip. In April 2011, the Palestinian parties signed an agreement of reconciliation, but its implementation had stalled[31] until a unity government was formed on 2 June 2014.[32]
As envisioned in the Oslo Accords, Israel allowed the PLO to establish interim administrative institutions in the Palestinian territories, which came in the form of the PNA. It was given civilian control in Area B and civilian and security control in Area A, and remained without involvement in Area C. In 2005, following the implementation of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan, the PNA gained full control of the Gaza Strip with the exception of its borders, airspace, and territorial waters. Following the inter-Palestinian conflict in 2006, Hamas took over control of the Gaza Strip (it already had majority in the PLC), and Fatah took control of the West Bank. From 2007, the Gaza Strip was governed by Hamas, and the West Bank by Fatah.
On 29 November 2012, in a 138–9 vote (with 41 abstentions and 5 absences),[33] the United Nations General Assembly passed resolution 67/19, upgrading Palestine from an "observer entity" to a "non-member observer state" within the United Nations system, which was described as recognition of the PLO's sovereignty.[18] [19] [34] [35] Palestine's new status is equivalent to that of the Holy See.[36] The UN has permitted Palestine to title its representative office to the UN as "The Permanent Observer Mission of the State of Palestine to the United Nations",[37] and Palestine has instructed its diplomats to officially represent "The State of Palestine"—no longer the Palestinian National Authority. On 17 December 2012, UN Chief of Protocol Yeocheol Yoon declared that "the designation of 'State of Palestine' shall be used by the Secretariat in all official United Nations documents",[38] thus recognising the title 'State of Palestine' as the state's official name for all UN purposes. of the member states of the United Nations have recognised the State of Palestine.[35] [39] Many of the countries that do not recognise the State of Palestine nevertheless recognise the PLO as the "representative of the Palestinian people". The PLO's Executive Committee is empowered by the Palestinian National Council to perform the functions of government of the State of Palestine.[40]
See main article: Palestinian government.
See also: Politics of the Palestinian National Authority. The State of Palestine consists of the following institutions that are associated with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO):
President of the State of Palestine[41] – appointed by the Palestinian Central Council[42]
Palestinian National Council – the legislature that established the State of Palestine[1]
Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization – performs the functions of a government in exile,[35] [40] [43] [44] maintaining an extensive foreign-relations network
These should be distinguished from the President of the Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) and PNA Cabinet, all of which are instead associated with the Palestinian National Authority.
The State of Palestine's founding document is the Palestinian Declaration of Independence,[1] and it should be distinguished from the unrelated PLO Palestinian National Covenant and PNA Palestine Basic Law.
See also: ISO 3166-2:PS. The State of Palestine is divided into sixteen administrative divisions.
Area (km2)[45]
Density (per km2)
muhfaza or district capital
Jenin 583 311,231 533.84 Jenin
Tubas 402 64,719 160.99 Tubas
Tulkarm 246 182,053 740.05 Tulkarm
Nablus 605 380,961 629.68 Nablus
Qalqiliya 166 110,800 667.46 Qalqilya
Salfit 204 70,727 346.7 Salfit
Ramallah & Al-Bireh 855 348,110 407.14 Ramallah
Jericho & Al Aghwar 593 52,154 87.94 Jericho
Jerusalem 345 419,108a 1214.8a Jerusalem (De Jure and disputed)
Bethlehem 659 216,114 927.94 Bethlehem
Hebron 997 706,508 708.63 Hebron
North Gaza 61 362,772 5947.08 Jabalya
Gaza 74 625,824 8457.08 Gaza City
Deir Al-Balah 58 264,455 4559.56 Deir al-Balah
Khan Yunis 108 341,393 3161.04 Khan Yunis
Rafah 64 225,538 3524.03 Rafah
a. Data from Jerusalem includes occupied East Jerusalem with its Israeli population
The governorates in the West Bank are grouped into three areas per the Oslo II Accord. Area A forms 18% of the West Bank by area, and is administered by the Palestinian government.[46] [47] Area B forms 22% of the West Bank, and is under Palestinian civil control, and joint Israeli-Palestinian security control.[46] [47] Area C, except East Jerusalem, forms 60% of the West Bank, and is administered by the Israeli Civil Administration, except that the Palestinian government provides the education and medical services to the 150,000 Palestinians in the area.[46] More than 99% of Area C is off limits to Palestinians.[48] There are about 330,000 Israelis living in settlements in Area C,[49] in the Judea and Samaria Area. Although Area C is under martial law, Israelis living there are judged in Israeli civil courts.[50]
East Jerusalem, the proclaimed capital of Palestine, is administered as part of the Jerusalem District of Israel, but is claimed by Palestine as part of the Jerusalem Governorate. It was annexed by Israel in 1980,[46] but this annexation is not recognised by any other country.[51] Of the 456,000 people in East Jerusalem, roughly 60% are Palestinians and 40% are Israelis.[46] [52]
See also: Foreign relations of Palestine, List of diplomatic missions of Palestine and List of diplomatic missions to Palestine. Representation of the State of Palestine is performed by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). In states that recognise the State of Palestine it maintains embassies. The Palestine Liberation Organization is represented in various international organizations as member, associate or observer. Because of inconclusiveness in sources[53] in some cases it is impossible to distinguish whether the participation is executed by the PLO as representative of the State of Palestine, by the PLO as a non-state entity or by the PNA.
See main article: International recognition of the State of Palestine and Palestine 194. On 15 December 1988, the State of Palestine's declaration of independence of November 1988 was acknowledged in the General Assembly with Resolution 43/177.[54]
of the member states of the United Nations have recognised the State of Palestine. Many of the countries that do not recognise the State of Palestine nevertheless recognise the PLO as the "representative of the Palestinian people". The PLO's executive committee is empowered by the PNC to perform the functions of government of the State of Palestine.[40]
On 29 November 2012,[33] UN General Assembly resolution 67/19 passed, upgrading Palestine to "non-member observer state" status in the United Nations.[35] [55] The change in status was described as "de facto recognition of the sovereign state of Palestine".[56]
On 3 October 2014, new Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven used his inaugural address in parliament to announce that Sweden would recognise the state of Palestine. The official decision to do so was made on 30 October, making Sweden the first EU member state outside of the former communist bloc to recognise the state of Palestine. Most of the EU's 28 member states have refrained from recognising Palestinian statehood and those that do – such as Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia – did so before accession.[57] [58] [59]
On 13 October 2014, the UK House of Commons voted by 274 to 12 in favour of recognising Palestine as a state.[60] The House of Commons backed the move "as a contribution to securing a negotiated two-state solution" – although less than half of MPs took part in the vote. However, the UK government is not bound to do anything as a result of the vote: its current policy is that it "reserves the right to recognise a Palestinian state bilaterally at the moment of our choosing and when it can best help bring about peace".[61]
On 2 December 2014, the French parliament voted by 331 to 151 in favour of urging their government to recognise Palestine as a state. The text, proposed by the ruling Socialists and backed by left-wing parties and some conservatives, asked the government to "use the recognition of a Palestinian state with the aim of resolving the conflict definitively".[62]
On 31 December 2014, the United Nations Security Council voted down a resolution demanding the end of Israeli occupation and statehood by 2017. Eight members voted for the Resolution (Russia, China, France, Argentina, Chad, Chile, Jordan, Luxembourg), however following strenuous US and Israeli efforts to defeat the resolution,[63] it did not get the minimum of nine votes needed to pass the resolution. Australia and the United States voted against the resolution, with five other nations abstaining.[64] [65] [66]
On 10 January 2015, the first Palestinian embassy in a western European country is open in Stockholm, Sweden.[67]
On 13 May 2015, the Vatican announced it was shifting recognition from the PLO to the State of Palestine, confirming a recognition of Palestine as a state after the UN vote of 2012.[68] Monsignor Antoine Camilleri, Vatican foreign minister, said the change was in line with the evolving position of the Holy See, which has referred unofficially to the State of Palestine since Pope Francis's visit to the Holy Land in May 2014.[69]
On 23 December 2015 the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution demanding Palestinian sovereignty over the natural resources in the Palestinian territories under Israeli occupation. It called on Israel to desist from the exploitation, damage, cause of loss or depletion and endangerment of Palestinian natural resources, the right of Palestinians to seek restitution for extensive destruction. The motion was passed by 164 votes to 5, with Canada, Federated States of Micronesia, Israel, Marshall Islands, and the United States opposing.[70]
Raising the flag at the UN
In August 2015, Palestine's representatives at the UN presented a draft resolution that would allow the non-member observer states Palestine and the Holy See to raise their flags at the United Nations headquarters. Initially, the Palestinians presented their initiative as a joint effort with the Holy See, which the Holy See denied.[71]
In a letter to the Secretary General and the President of the General Assembly, Israel's Ambassador at the UN Ron Prosor called the step "another cynical misuse of the UN ... in order to score political points".[72]
After the vote, the US Ambassador Samantha Power said that "raising the Palestinian flag will not bring Israelis and Palestinians any closer together".[73] US Department of State spokesman Mark Toner called it a "counterproductive" attempt to pursue statehood claims outside of a negotiated settlement.[74]
See main article: Legal status of the State of Palestine. There are a wide variety of views regarding the status of the State of Palestine, both among the states of the international community and among legal scholars. The existence of a state of Palestine, although controversial, is a reality in the opinions of the states that have established bilateral diplomatic relations.[75] [76] [77] [78]
See main article: Palestinian Security Services. The State of Palestine has a number of security forces, including a Civil Police Force, National Security Forces and Intelligence Services, with the function of maintaining security and protecting Palestinian citizens and the Palestinian State.
See main article: Demographics of the Palestinian territories and Demographics of Israel.
According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the State of Palestine had population of 4,420,549 people in 2013.[79] Within an area of 6220km2, there is a population density of 731 people per square kilometre. To put this in a wider context, the average population density of the world was 53 people per square kilometre based on data from 5 July 2014.
See main article: Freedom of religion in the State of Palestine.
93% of Palestinians are Muslim,[80] the vast majority of whom are followers of the Sunni branch of Islam,[81] with a small minority of Ahmadiyya,[82] and 15% being nondenominational Muslims.[83] Palestinian Christians represent a significant minority of 6%, followed by much smaller religious communities, including Druze and Samaritans.
See main article: Economy of the Palestinian territories.
See main article: Tourism in the Palestinian territories. Tourism in the Palestinian territories refers to tourism in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited the Palestinian territories, compared to 2.6 million in 2009. Of that number, 2.2 million were foreign tourists while 2.7 million were domestic.[84] Most tourists come for only a few hours or as part of a day trip itinerary. In the last quarter of 2012 over 150,000 guests stayed in West Bank hotels; 40% were European and 9% were from the United States and Canada.[85] Lonely Planet travel guide writes that "the West Bank is not the easiest place in which to travel but the effort is richly rewarded."[86] In 2013 Palestinian Authority Tourism minister Rula Ma'ay'a stated that her government aims to encourage international visits to Palestine, but the occupation is the main factor preventing the tourism sector from becoming a major income source to Palestinians.[87] There are no visa conditions imposed on foreign nationals other than those imposed by the visa policy of Israel. Access to Jerusalem, the West Bank, and Gaza is completely controlled by the Government of Israel. Entry to the occupied Palestinian territories requires only a valid international passport.[88]
See main article: Communications in the Palestinian territories. The communications infrastructure in the Palestinian territories is growing at a very rapid pace and continually being updated and expanded.
See main article: Transport in the Palestinian territories.
See main article: Water supply and sanitation in the Palestinian territories. Water supply and sanitation in the Palestinian territories are characterized by severe water shortage and are highly influenced by the Israeli occupation. The water resources of Palestine are fully controlled by Israel and the division of groundwater is subject to provisions in the Oslo II Accord.
Generally, the water quality is considerably worse in the Gaza strip when compared to the West Bank. About a third to half of the delivered water in the Palestinian territories is lost in the distribution network. The lasting blockade of the Gaza Strip and the Gaza War have caused severe damage to the infrastructure in the Gaza Strip.[89] [90] Concerning wastewater, the existing treatment plants do not have the capacity to treat all of the produced wastewater, causing severe water pollution.[91] The development of the sector highly depends on external financing.[92]
The literacy rate of Palestine was 96.3% according to a 2014 report by the United Nations Development Programme, which is high by international standards. There is a gender difference in the population aged above 15 with 5.9% of women considered illiterate compared to 1.6% of men.[93] Illiteracy among women has fallen from 20.3% in 1997 to less than 6% in 2014.[93]
See main article: Culture of Palestine.
There are a number of newspapers, news agencies, and satellite television stations in the State of Palestine. News agencies include Ma'an News Agency, Wafa, Palestine News Network and the satellite television includes Al-Aqsa TV, Al-Quds TV, Sanabel TV.
Football is the most popular sport among the Palestinian people. Rugby is also a popular sport. The Palestine national football team represents the country in international football.
Palestinian self-determination
Israeli-occupied territories
Water Rights in Israel-Palestine
i. Note that the name Palestine can commonly be interpreted as the entire territory of the former British Mandate, which today also incorporates Israel. The history was expressed by Mahmoud Abbas in his September 2011 speech to the United Nations: "... we agreed to establish the State of Palestine on only 22% of the territory of historical Palestine – on all the Palestinian Territory occupied by Israel in 1967."[94] The name is also officially used as the short-form reference to the State of Palestine and this should be distinguished from other homonymous uses for the term including the Palestinian Authority,[95] the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the subject of other proposals for the establishment of a Palestinian state.
ii. The Palestinian Declaration of Independence proclaims the "establishment of the State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem (Al-Quds Ash-Sharif)." The same decision was taken also by the PLC in May 2002 when it approved the PNA Basic Law, which states unambiguously "Jerusalem is the Capital of Palestine".[96] Ramallah is the administrative capital where government institutions and foreign representative offices are located. Jerusalem's final status awaits future negotiations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority (see). The United Nations and most countries do not accept Israel's annexation of East Jerusalem through the Jerusalem Law of 1980 (see) and maintain their embassies to Israel in Tel Aviv (see The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency). The international community also does not recognize either Israeli or Palestinian sovereignty over Jerusalem.[97]
iii. Israel allows the PNA to execute some functions in the Palestinian territories, depending on the area classification. It maintains minimal interference (retaining control of borders: air,[98] sea beyond internal waters,[99] land[100]) in the Gaza Strip (its interior and Egypt portion of the land border are under Hamas control), and varying degrees of interference elsewhere.[101] [102] [103] [104] [105] See also Israeli-occupied territories.
iv. So far both presidents of the State of Palestine, Yasser Arafat and his successor Mahmoud Abbas, were appointed beforehand as Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization, the committee performing the functions of State of Palestine government. See also Leaders of Palestinian institutions.
v. The New Testament, taking up a term used once in the Tanakh (1 Samuel 13:19), speaks of a larger theologically-defined area, of which Palestine is a part, as the "land of Israel" (γῆ Ἰσραήλ), in a narrative paralleling that of the Book of Exodus.
vi. Other writers, such as Strabo, referred to the region as Coele-Syria ("all Syria") around 10–20 CE.
Book: The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Resolution. Bercovitch, Jacob; Zartman, I. William. Bercovitch, Jacob; Kremenyuk, Victor; Zartman, I. William,. illustrated. SAGE Publications. 2008. 978-1-4129-2192-3.
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Book: The Case for Palestine: An International Law Perspective. Quigley, John B.. 2nd, revised. Duke University Press. 2005. 978-0-8223-3539-9. harv. ..
Book: The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: The Arab World. Don. Rubin. 978-0-415-05932-9. Taylor & Francis. illustrated, reprint. 1999.
Book: Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993. Sayigh, Yezid. illustrated. Oxford University Press. 1999. 978-0-19-829643-0. harv. ..
Book: Philosophical Perspectives on the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict. Tomis Kapitan. Segal, Jerome M.. illustrated. M.E. Sharpe. 1997. 978-1-56324-878-8. harv. ..
Book: Silverburg. Sanford R.. Palestine and International Law: Essays on Politics and Economics. McFarland & Company. Jefferson, North Carolina. 2002. 978-0-7864-1191-7. harv. ..
Book: The Status of Palestinian Refugees in International Law. Alex. Takkenberg. illustrated. Oxford University Press. 1998. 978-0-19-826590-0. harv. ..
Book: [{{Google books |id=scc8EboiJX8C |page=158 |plainurl=yes }} Recognition of Governments in International Law: With Particular Reference to Governments in Exile]. Stefan. Talmon. illustrated. Oxford University Press (via Google Books). 1998. 978-0-19-826573-3.
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Book: The Middle East and North Africa 2004. 50th, illustrated. Routledge. 2004. 978-1-85743-184-1. harv. ..
Book: Refugees into Citizens: Palestinians and the End of the Arab-Israeli Conflict. Arzt, Donna E.. illustrated. Council on Foreign Relations. 1997. 978-0-87609-194-4.
Book: [{{Google books |id=oAp_97VvpMIC |page=59 |plainurl=yes }} Law, Power, and the Sovereign State: The Evolution and Application of the Concept of Sovereignty]. Michael. Fowler. Julie Marie. Bunck. Penn State University Press (via Google Books). 1995. 978-0-271-01471-5.
Book: Israel and Africa: The Problematic Friendship. Joel. Peters. illustrated. I.B.Tauris. 1992. 978-1-870915-10-6.
Book: [{{Google books |id=pP315Mw3S9EC |page=1328 |plainurl=yes }} The Middle East and North Africa 2004: 2004]. Taylor & Francis Group. Lucy. Dean. illustrated. Routledge. 2003. 978-1-85743-184-1. harv. ..
Book: A History of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict. Mark A.. Tessler. 2nd, illustrated. Bloomington, Indiana. Indiana University Press. 1994. 978-0-253-35848-6.
Book: The Oslo Accords: International Law and the Israeli–Palestinian Peace Agreements. Geoffrey R.. Watson. illustrated. Oxford University Press. 2000. 978-0-19-829891-5. harv. ..
Status of Palestine in the United Nations (A/RES/67/19) Full Text
Cross, Tony (24 September 2011). "After Abbas's UN Bid Are Palestinians Closer To Having a State?". Radio France Internationale. Retrieved 2011-9-28.
Recognition of a Palestinian state Premature Legally Invalid and Undermining any Bona Fide Negotiation Process
Political Statement accompanying Palestinian Declaration of Independence
Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine to the United Nations
The Historic Compromise: The Palestinian Declaration of Independence and the Twenty-Year Struggle for a Two-State Solution
International Recognition of a Unilaterally Declared Palestinian State: Legal and Policy Dilemmas, by Tal Becker
Web site: Declaration of Independence (1988) (UN Doc). 18 November 1988. 8 June 2014. State of Palestine Permanent Observer Mission to the United Nations. https://web.archive.org/web/20140608203237/http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353. 8 June 2014. yes. United Nations.
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Web site: The World Factbook: Middle East: Gaza Strip. cia.gov. https://web.archive.org/web/20140608204417/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gz.html. 8 June 2014. Central Intelligence Agency. 12 May 2014. 8 June 2014. no.
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Web site: Al Zoughbi. Basheer. The de jure State of Palestine under Belligerent Occupation: Application for Admission to the United Nations. 29 July 2016. November 2011.
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[Yoav Gelber]
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"Moreover, we are confident that in the near future we will truly be able to join the international community, represented in the Organization as Palestine, the State that encompasses Bethlehem."
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Web site: United Nations Sixty-seventh General Assembly: General Assembly Plenary, 44th & 45th Meetings (PM & Night). GA/11317: General Assembly Votes Overwhelmingly to Accord Palestine 'Non-Member Observer State' Status in United Nations. 29 November 2012. 8 June 2014. un.org. https://web.archive.org/web/20121130083931/http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/ga11317.doc.htm. 30 November 2012. no. United Nations.
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Web site: Tim. Hume. Ashley. Fantz. Palestinian United Nations bid explained. 30 November 2012. 8 June 2014. CNN International Edition: Middle East. https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053748/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/28/world/meast/un-palestinian-bid. 21 September 2013. no. Cable News Network (CNN).
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Web site: U.N. Adds New Name: "State of Palestine". Gharib. Ali. 20 December 2012. 10 January 2013. The Daily Beast.
http://www.nad-plo.org/etemplate.php?id=374 Christmas Message from H.E. President Mahmoud Abbas
Book: Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993. Yezid. Sayigh. illustrated. Oxford University Press. 1999. 624. 9780198296430. harv. .. "The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government-in-exile when appropriate, and the executive committee to perform the functions of government until such time as a government-in-exile was established."
Web site: Government of the Dominican Republic. Comunicado Conjunto para Establecimiento Relaciones Diplomaticas entre la Republica Dominican y el Estado de Palestina. Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Dominican Republic and the State of Palestine. Spanish, English, Arabic. PDF. 15 July 2009. Dominican Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 15 June 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20110815175157/http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gov.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/Attachments/70/Palestina.pdf. 15 August 2011. Presidente del Estado de Palestina [President of the State of Palestine].. yes.
http://www.miftah.org/PrinterF.cfm?DocId=18244 PLO Body Elects Abbas 'President of Palestine'
Web site: Executive Board of UNESCO. Hundred and Thirty-First Session – Item 9.4 of the Provisional Agenda – Request for the Admission of the State of Palestine to UNESCO as a Member State. 18, Annex II. PDF. UNESCO. 12 May 1989. 28 September 2011. A government-in-exile, having no effective control in the territory and not having had previous control, ... ..
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Web site: Palestine. GeoHive. Johan van der Heyden. 3 October 2015. yes. https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162009/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/palestine.aspx. 14 July 2014.
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West Bank and Gaza – Area C and the future of the Palestinian economy. 2 October 2013. 8 August 2014. 4. 1 August 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140801210703/http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/01/23/000442464_20140123122135/Rendered/PDF/AUS29220REPLAC0EVISION0January02014.pdf. no. World Bank Group.
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Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 9 of the Convention. 9 March 2012. 6. UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. 8 August 2014. no. 18 July 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140718223839/http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/docs/CERD.C.ISR.CO.14-16.pdf.
Book: Kelly, Tobias. Laws of Suspicion:Legal Status, Space and the Impossibility of Separation in the Israeli-occupied West Bank. Franz. Von Benda-Beckmann. Keebet. Von Benda-Beckmann. Julia M.. Eckert. Rules of Law and Laws of Ruling: On the Governance of Law. Ashgate Publishing. May 2009. 91. 9780754672395.
Jerusalem, Facts and Trends 2009/2010. PDF. 11. Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies. 8 August 2014. 2 July 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140702001634/http://jiis.org/.upload/facts-2010-eng%20%281%29.pdf. no. 2010.
Such as listing "Palestine" or Occupied Palestinian Territory without further explanation.
UNGA, 15 December 1988; Resolution 43/177. Question of Palestine (doc.nr. A/RES/43/177)
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News: Israel defies UN after vote on Palestine with plans for 3,000 new homes in the West Bank. The Independent. 1 December 2012.
News: Beaumont. Peter. 3 October 2014. Sweden to recognise state of Palestine. The Guardian. London. 14 October 2014.
News: 30 October 2014. Sweden officially recognises state of Palestine. The Guardian. 31 October 2014.
News: Wallström, Minister for Foreign Affairs. Margot. 30 October 2014. Sweden today decides to recognise the State of Palestine. Dagens Nyheter. Stockholm. 21 April 2015.
Web site: House of Commons – Parliamentary Debates. 13 October 2014. Parliament of the United Kingdom. 28 January 2018.
Web site: MPs back Palestinian statehood alongside Israel. . 14 October 2014. BBC News. BBC. 14 October 2014.
Web site: French parliament votes for recognition of Palestinian state. . 2 December 2014. Uk. Reuters. Reuters. 26 December 2014.
Web site: US and Israeli intervention led UN to reject Palestinian resolution. Peter Beaumont. the Guardian.
Web site: UNSC rejects resolution on Palestinian state. 31 December 2014. 31 December 2014. Al Jazeera.
Web site: UN Security Council rejects Palestinian resolution. 31 December 2014. 31 December 2014. BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation.
News: UN security council rejects Palestinian statehood bid. 31 December 2014. 31 December 2014. The Guardian. Associated Press.
Web site: Palestine opens first W Europe embassy in Sweden. 10 February 2015. 21 April 2015. PressTV. PressTV.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=765399 'PLO: Vatican accord with Palestine a contribution to justice,'
News: Vatican recognizes state of Palestine in new treaty. 21 April 2015. bigstory.ap.org. Associated Press.
http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=769475 'UN adopts resolution on Palestinian sovereignty over natural resources,'
http://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/85278-150910-un-set-to-back-raising-palestinian-flag UN backs raising Palestinian flag at NY headquarters
http://embassies.gov.il/un/statements/letters/Pages/-First-Israeli-Response-to-the-Palestinian-Attempt-to-Raise-Their-Flag-at-the-UN-Headquarters.aspx Response:Palestinian Attempt to Raise Flag at UNHQ
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinians-vatican-un-idUSKCN0RA2OY20150910 U.N. General Assembly approves Palestinian request to fly its flag
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/09/vote-palestine-flag-fly-headquarters-150910060007023.html UN strongly approves Palestinian proposal to raise flag
Segal, Jerome M., Chapter 9, "The State of Palestine, The Question of Existence", in Philosophical perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Tomis Kapitan editor, M.E. Sharpe, 1997, .
Boyle, Francis A. Creation of the State of Palestine; 1 Eur. J. Int'l L. 301 (1990)
Kearney, Michael and Denayer, Stijn, Al-Haq Position Paper on Issues Arising from the Palestinian Authority's Submission of a Declaration to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court Under Article 12(3) of the Rome Statute (24 December 2009), para 43.a.
[John Dugard|Dugard, John]
Web site: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. State of Palestine. 22 September 2014.
Web site: Are all Palestinians Muslim?. Institute for Middle East Understanding. 16 April 2014. yes. https://web.archive.org/web/20140413142345/http://imeu.net/news/article0042.shtml. 13 April 2014. dmy-all.
Lybarger, 2007, p. 114.
Web site: PA's Moderate Muslims Face Threats. 31 May 2010. 26 April 2014. Israel National News.
Web site: Religious Identity Among Muslims. Pewforum.org. 6 July 2016.
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Web site: Imtiaz Muqbil. Sana Muqbil. Europeans Dominate Visitor Arrivals to Palestine in 2012. Travel-impact-newswire.com. 11 March 2013. 6 July 2016.
Israel and the Palestinian Territories. p254. Lonely Planet Publications. 2012
Web site: Tourism in Palestine an Act of Solidarity, says Minister of Tourism.
Web site: Archived copy. 15 March 2014. yes. https://web.archive.org/web/20140318053118/http://jerusalem.usconsulate.gov/border-crossings.html. 18 March 2014.
Web site: United Nations. United Nations. Gaza water crisis prompts UN call for immediate opening of crossings. 3 September 2009. 25 November 2009.
Web site: Gaza Strip Water and Sanitation Situation. 2009. Worldbank.
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Web site: Water as a human right: The understanding of water in Palestine. 2004. Boell.de. Assaf. Karen.
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Web site: Full transcript of Abbas speech at UN General Assembly. 23 September 2011. Haaretz.com.
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http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp Israel's control of the airspace and the territorial waters of the Gaza Strip
http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg Map of Gaza fishing limits, "security zones"
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace+Process/Guide+to+the+Peace+Process/Israels+Disengagement+Plan-+Renewing+the+Peace+Process+Apr+2005.htm Israel's Disengagement Plan: Renewing the Peace Process
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "State of Palestine".


I couldn't believe it, the sensual body pressed against me was the most sought after girl in the neighborhood. I stopped in front of the bar, looked inside and with an arrogant smile, gunned the throttle. Just looking at the faces of the guys and I knew they were going to have trouble sleeping that night.


text:
spoki0
Suit up...WITH GUNS 3 3, 8:26pm
@Grahor you're so far disjoint with the real world it's amusing.
Point 1: the younger population are in general more fit, making them more suitable for the physically demanding conscription. There's also health benefits and educational points during conscription that are better utilized on the younger population rather than the old.
Point 2: the conscription is training, during a war you'll require everyone with training. Going 40+ you're limited to 40-65, beyond that and they're mostly old and useless. picking the young ones, and suddenly you have 20-65 as the total age range. Significantly larger portion of the population with basic training.
Point 3: younger people are less settled down, making it significantly easier to remove them from society for a year. Both because they're not economically supporting families, and because you won't require thousands of temporary 1 year positions requiring higher specialised skills.
Point 4: the "bloody point" of conscription is to have soldiers with basic training available should Sweden be attacked. You won't have time to train soldiers for a year when you're under attack. Your logic is equivalent to complaining about having any military at all, since you're not currently being invaded. Everyone with more than half a brain see the benefits...


My name is Beth…I am a 52 yo, Married, mother of 2, Full time Registered Dental Assistant. I've been in the same dental office since 1995.
I have Chronic Congestive Heart Failure, My Ejection Fraction, or how the blood pumps through the heart currently sits at 35- 40%, normal is 55-70%. I also have been diagnosed with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and Mixed Connective Tissue Disorder.
My Ejection Fraction was at 10% and I may get better with medications, or I may need a heart transplant. I have been on an up and down EF rollercoaster of treatments and medications and am currently stable with an EF of 35-40%. Still very symptomatic and having other symptoms of extreme fatigue, lightheadedness, brain fog, excessive heart palpitations, exercise intolerance, nausea, severe headaches, aura migraines, joint pain , stomach pain, sun/heat exposure intolerance, dizziness, high and low blood pressure readings led to having a positive tilt table test and a diagnosis of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), an autonomic dysfunction, Dysautonomia. and blood work revealed a high ANA reading which gave me a diagnosis of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease, an autoimmune disorder. All aspects of each illness has its challenges and it is often hard to balance one against the other.
An unpleasant aspect of HF and POTS and MCTD, for me, is doing a task that involves squatting down (rather than bending from the waist, which makes me feel faint on standing upright). Getting something from the bottom of the shelf, or reaching and stretching in a continuous motion, walking up a flight of stairs, as well as taking the elevator leaves me very short of breath, or dizzy. I ask why this happens and they said it's a bit like standing on a garden hose – squatting down like that with an inefficient heart restricts the return of blood to the right side of the heart through the vena cava, consequently there is less to go to the lungs for oxygen before being pumped around the body by the dysfunctional left side of the heart. I also don't like the pain in my joints, it can make the smallest of tasks unbearable.
First getting out of bed in the morning is slow moving. I have learned to move carefully. I only have so much energy to use in a day. Monday-Friday I work full time in a busy dental office. I have learned my limits and go through life accordingly. When I'm in a flare-up, I rest. I do activities/ family functions when I feel up to it, when I feel I can't… I don't.
My Husband and children and soon to be granddaughter!
You know who your real friends are. The ones that understand you may not be capable of doing what you once did, but support you when you can or can't.
My family and friends and work family. And social media groups.
I would with all my loved ones around me, run down the beach, climb a mountain to look at the view down below. And just take in the sunshine and eat whatever I want!!!
The connections I have made through social media and becoming an advocate for PPCM with SavetheMommies.com. My Heartsisters are like my family.
My name is Maria Thomas, and I'm a writer, editor, content creator and book nerd. Seven years ago I launched my blog, My Life as a Puddle, where I'm creating hyperhidrosis hope and awareness one drop at a time.
Hashimoto's – age 36, and I found out by accident after some bloodwork!
A long time coming for my Hh. I found the term in a Google search but didn't get a proper diagnosis until age 21.
UC – the perfect storm. I was going through a divorce, selling the first home I ever owned, and moving into a tiny little apartment. It was a trifecta of stressful events and my body decided to respond with blood in my stool and a frequent need to go.
Hh – Getting people to understand that I am not sweating because I am nervous. I'm nervous BECAUSE I'm sweating. There's a difference. It's also hard for people to understand how much my life and choices are affected by my sweating. It's not "just a little sweat." I try not to let it rule my life but sometimes it does.
UC – having a chronic autoimmune condition makes me tired sometimes, and more prone to GI pain and distress. I'm not high maintenance, but I've really had to overhaul the way I eat, which can make it difficult to eat out sometimes. I now follow a Paleo nutrition plan, which is hard when you live in a state known for its craft beer, which is unfortunately loaded with gluten.
I also have to stab myself every other week with a biologic injectable medication. Try that with sweaty hands!
Turning my desk fan on and off at least 25 times a day while at work, then coming home and changing my sweaty clothes and socks if necessary. If I've worn sandals, I'll usually wash my feet since they've developed a coating from sweating.
UC-wise I never know when I'll experience symptoms. I'm in remission now, but occasionally I'll have gurgling sounds and stabbing pains in my lower abdomen.
Hashimoto's-wise, sometimes I feel so lethargic it's like i haven't slept in days. Other days I feel like I could run a marathon.
To listen to my body and take care of it. I was hospitalized once because of my ulcerative colitis. It was scary and miserable and terribly isolating. It also taught me to be my own best health advocate. I had nurses trying to feed me grains and gluten and dairy. Not once did my GI doctor at the time say gee, you might want to avoid all that stuff. I had to seek out a functional medicine doctor to learn all of that and switch to a Paleo diet.
Do your research! Read the medical literature, read books, and absolutely go see a functional medicine Doctor who treats the whole body as a system and doesn't just prescribe medications to cover up symptoms.
Go on a public speaking tour and wear high heels without no-show socks or absorbent insoles because I wouldn't be worried about sweating all over everything ! Then I'd do a meet and greet and shake everyone's hand.
I get to choose how I respond to my life, which is why I choose to make my sweaty mess my message. You can either rise up or stay below. All it takes is one different choice.


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Knowledge of tax law is essential in any business environment – and the study of it is intellectually fascinating. This Professional LLM specialization offers students an opportunity to gain a broad and deep understanding of the policies, principles and the internal logic of tax laws in Canada and beyond. It covers all aspects of tax law from the most basic rules underlying traditional personal tax planning principles to current developments in the sophisticated design of financial instruments. Courses are taught by a diverse range of scholars and practitioners, all of whom are leaders in their areas of teaching and practice.
Law graduates with legal work experience or a strong demonstrated interest in tax law.
Professionals without a law degree who have at least five years of work experience directly related to tax (such as accounting, finance, trusts) who wish to add a strong advanced foundation in tax law to their professional profile.
Designed to meet the needs of working professionals across Canada and abroad, all electives in the part-time Tax Law specialization are available via video conferencing. Courses are structured as either weekly evening sessions or 3-5 day intensives. This is with the exception of the first course in the specialization, "Tax Policy, Statutory Interpretation and the Foundations of the Taxation of Individuals", which takes place in September and requires in-person attendance. The Tax Law specialization accepts new students every Fall. Students can complete their degree requirements exclusively through course work or through a combination of course work and a Research Paper.