text:
Gilbert Salvador Iberri Garcetti (born August 5, 1941) is an American politician and lawyer. He served as Los Angeles County's 40th district attorney for two terms, from 1992 until November 7, 2000. He is the father of U.S. Ambassador to India and former Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti.

Early life and education
Garcetti was born in Los Angeles, the son of Salvador Garcetti and Juanita Iberri. His father was born in Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico, and brought to the United States as a child after his own father, Massimo Garcetti, a judge and immigrant to Mexico from Italy, was hanged during the Mexican Revolution. Gil's mother was born in Arizona, one of nineteen children born to a father whose parents were from Sonora, Mexico, and a mother born in Arizona, to Mexican parents.

In 1959 Garcetti graduated from George Washington High School in South Los Angeles. The school has since become Washington Preparatory High School.

Garcetti received a bachelor's degree in management from the University of Southern California and a Juris Doctor from the University of California, Los Angeles.

Career
Before becoming Los Angeles County District Attorney, Garcetti served within the office for over twenty years, from trial prosecutor to managerial positions and eventually becoming chief deputy district attorney for his predecessor, Ira Reiner (district attorney from 1984 to 1992). Reiner demoted Garcetti shortly after his 1988 re-election.

Garcetti challenged his former mentor in the 1992 election. The campaign featured both candidates saying their opponent was corrupt. Reiner said Garcetti was a "secretive" person and "(was) not to be trusted in a position of power." Garcetti bested Reiner in the non-partisan June primary (where the top two candidates would advance should no candidate win an absolute majority), taking 34 percent to Reiner's 25, outpacing the incumbent by more than 100,000 votes. In September 1992, just two months before the general election, Reiner announced that he was suspending his campaign, saying he could not stomach the negative tactics he felt that were needed to win. California law allowed candidates to be removed from the ballot only if they died more than 59 days before the election, so Reiner remained on the ballot. Garcetti won the general election with more than 81 percent of the vote.

Los Angeles District Attorney
Entering the 1992 elections, Los Angeles County, California was still recovering from the aftermath of the 1992 Los Angeles riots. His first term was dominated by his office's prosecution of the O. J. Simpson murder case. The long, costly criminal trial ended with a "not guilty" verdict on October 3, 1995. Despite the setback, Garcetti won re-election in 1996, narrowly defeating challenger John Lynch.

Garcetti focused both his terms working to solve a number of issues including domestic violence, hate crimes, welfare fraud and combating LA's street gangs. In late 1999 the LAPD's Rampart scandal erupted with allegations of extreme police misconduct from the city's Rampart Division which likely contributed to Garcetti's defeat in the 2000 election.

Garcetti was challenged for re-election in 2000 by Steve Cooley, a veteran of the L.A. County D.A.'s office. In a situation much like Garcetti's demotion in 1988 that led him to challenge Reiner in 1992, Cooley was demoted by Garcetti after Garcetti's 1996 re-election after Cooley supported Garcetti's opponent, John Lynch.

Garcetti came in second in a competitive three-person primary, taking 37 percent of the vote to Cooley's 39. In the two-person runoff, Garcetti lost overwhelmingly, losing by a margin of approximately 64 to 36 percent.

Other activities

Politics
The 2000 election ended Garcetti's 32-year career with the LA County district attorney's office. In 2002, Los Angeles City Council president Alex Padilla appointed Garcetti to the Los Angeles city ethics commission for a five-year term. In the fall of 2002, Garcetti was a fellow at the Institute of Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. He has been developing a foundation to help Latino and African-American students complete their high school education. He is currently a strong proponent of Proposition 34, an initiative that will replace the death penalty with life in prison without the possibility of parole. Garcetti has argued that the death penalty is broken beyond repair, that it is "horrendously expensive" and that it carries the risk of executing an innocent person.

Photography
After leaving the DA's office, Garcetti focused on art photography, producing two collections on the Walt Disney Concert Hall: Iron: Erecting the Walt Disney Concert Hall (Balcony Press 2002), focusing on the ironworkers who constructed the landmark, and Frozen Music (Balcony Press 2003), focusing on the finished building itself. Photos from these works were featured in an exhibit at the National Building Museum in Washington, D.C. and at the Pasadena Museum of California Art. His most recent exhibition, Dance in Cuba: Photographs by Gil Garcetti (Balcony Press 2005), was featured at the UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History in Spring 2006. Water is Key: A Better Future for Africa (Balcony Press 2007) was published via a grant from the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation to the Pacific Institute as a benefit to NGOs supporting clean water projects in Africa.

The Closer
Gil Garcetti was a consulting producer on the TNT series The Closer from its debut in 2005 and Major Crimes from its debut in 2012.

His son, Los Angeles City Councilmember, Eric Garcetti, appeared as the fictional Mayor of Los Angeles Ramon Quintero, in two episodes each of both series, before becoming the real-life Mayor of Los Angeles in 2013. In his first appearance, father and son appeared together onscreen, with Gil playing the LAPD Chief of Police.

Personal life
Garcetti was married to Sukey Roth, who is of Russian Jewish descent.

Gil and Sukey Garcetti have two children. Their son, Eric, was elected to the LA City Council three times (2001, 2005, 2009) and twice as mayor of Los Angeles (2013, 2017),  before becoming U.S. Ambassador to India in 2023.  Their daughter, Dana Garcetti-Boldt, a former deputy district attorney in Garcetti's office, is now an acupuncturist.

Garcetti was portrayed by Bruce Greenwood in the 2016 miniseries The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story and by Mark Moses in the 2017 miniseries Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders .

Electoral history

See also
 Garcetti v. Ceballos
O.J.: Made in America

References

Additional sources
 Robert Greene, Former District Attorney Gil Garcetti Nominated to City Ethics Commission, Metropolitan News-Enterprise, August 15, 2002; accessed May 19, 2006
 Benjamin Parke, D.A. Gil Garcetti criticized for Belmont school failure, Rampart scandal, Daily Bruin, February 10, 2000; accessed May 19, 2006
 Scott Simon, The Legacy of the O.J. Simpson Case, Weekend Edition (NPR), June 12, 2004; accessed May 19, 2006
 Scott Simon, Garcetti Photos Capture Disney Hall, Ironworkers, Weekend Edition (NPR), September 11, 2004; accessed May 19, 2006

External links
 L.A. County District Attorney profile
 Wells Bring Hope: Gil's Story
 Sacks, Glenn (December 18, 2008). "Ex-LA County DA Gil Garcetti's Child Support Enforcement Victimized Thousands of Innocent Men" Fathers and Families.org

1941 births
American photographers
American people of Italian descent
American politicians of Mexican descent
California Democrats
District attorneys in California
Eric Garcetti
Harvard Kennedy School people
Living people
O. J. Simpson murder case
UCLA School of Law alumni
Marshall School of Business alumni


Traveling by train is one of the best ways to explore the Europe. It is also one of my favorite ways of traveling. Luckily, in a few of my recent trips, I found out it is also completely child friendly.
But, like with everything related to kids, a good preparation is the key!
Although international trains mostly have their own restaurant, I really wouldn't recommend eating in them (they have a nice coffee, though). So, take enough food with you (delays can always happen) for both you and a child. Just think of his or her daily menu and take it with you. Good idea is to take a food that can be hold outside the fridge for a longer time. And, don't forget to bring a lot of water with you, as well.
A small tip here is: take some of his favorite treats, as well. They would be very useful if you will need to 'buy' a few more minutes of his patience.
It is always much more cozy if you are traveling in the clothes that is comfortable to you. But, it is also handy to dress him in something that will be easy to change. Changing the baby in a moving train could be challenging itself, so make it easier with the choice of clothes.
You will have to entertain your kid during a few hours of traveling, so it's good to have different toys with you. My little one loves coloring books and stickers, so we always have a lot of these (tip here: look for erasable felt pens, they can be easily removed from clothes or the train tables with wet wipes). What definitely is not a good idea to bring are toys that produce a lot of noise (otherwise, after some time both you and your traveling companions will get a bit crazy).
It is also good not to give him all the toys at the same time, but to give him one by one. That way, you can always came with the new interesting one, when he gets bored with the old ones.
If your kid is watching cartoons, bring a tablet with some of his favorite cartoons on it. Or you can try some of the other applications, like a drawing ones, to entertain him for some time, without producing to much mess.
If during the train ride there will be a sleeping time for your child, it's handy to have a baby carriage close. It will be much more comfortable for him to sleep in it, then on a train seat. Also, it is much safer and you will have some time to relax as well.
On my last journey to Germany, I had to change trains at some point, and when I enter the second one it was completely packed! So, there was me holding my son, with a huge backpack and my husband with a baby carriage and the other backpack. It was super crowded and when people are boarding, they don't really care that you are with the baby, they just want to get on their seats.
But, what I didn't know, was that there is a special part of the train reserved for the families with the small children. You have priority there and usually it is a wide space with a table, bigger chairs, space for a baby carriage and a luggage. It is also close to the restaurant area and a toilet with a changing table.
I found it both in Deutche Bahn ICE high speed train and in NS International trains. It is also great because more kids will be there, so both you and your little one will have a nice company.
In NS International train we had a coupe all for ourselves, which was really great! It was really specious, we had enough space for our things and Karlo had a small corner for playing. He could also produce as much noise as he wanted, without disturbing anyone.
You can recognize the children area in a train from the outside by the image of a mum with a kid or by the kid sticker on the window of a coupe. On a reservation space above the chair it is written: 'Small child', so you can also be sure that no one could reserve this sit.
Changing tables are usually placed in a toilets for disabled, and are very clean and nice. They are very often close to the children area in a train. If you are not sure where is it, you can ask the train manager to help you.
So, traveling by train is for now, my favorite form of transportation with a child. With a good preparation and with using all the children facilities in a train, all of you will have a great time!


text:
Q: How does entity framework access associations? I have two tables, Kittens and Owners in my Entity Framework model. A Kitten has 1 Owner but an Owner can have many Kittens.
I have a repository method called GetKittens() that returns _context.Kittens.ToList();
Since I set up an association, I can do kitten.Owner.Name.
But since ToList() was already called, and the context disposed of, how does it access the property? When retrieving an Entity, does it do a Join to all tables that have an association?
I have to write a query that pulls data from 4 tables, so I am wondering how to do this efficiently, hence this question trying to understand a bit more about how EF works.

A: By default, a DbContext will use lazy loading. There is a few options available to you, depending on your use cases.
1- If you have control over the lifetime of your DbContext, do not dispose it. However, every time you will access a related entity (for the first time), a new query will be sent to the database to fetch it.
2- Eagerly include the related entity by use Include on the IQueryable<Kitten>:
// For imagine context is the DbContext for your EF Model
context.Kittens.Include(c => c.Owners); // Or Include("Owners")

However, if you have no control over your repository, you have no option but to call a related method of your repository (like IEnumerable<Owner> GetOwners(Kitten kitten)) since the repository already returns the list.
If you do, consider either eagerly include the Kitten's owners in the repository before materializing with ToList() or return an IQuerable and leave the responsibility to the calling class to include related entities or customizing the query. If you do not want a caller to be able to alter the query, you can add an overload with includes that could be something along the line of:
public List<Kitten> GetKittens(params string[] includes)
{
    return includes.Aggregate(
               context.Kittens.AsQueryable(),
               (query, include) => return query.Include(include)).ToList();
}

All in all, this is an implementation decision that you will have to take.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (MES) es una técnica estadística multivariante para probar y estimar relaciones causales a partir de datos estadísticos y suposiciones cualitativas sobre la causalidad. Esta definición ha sido articulada por el genetista Sewall Wright (1921), el economista Trygve Haavelmo (1943) y el científico cognitivo Herbert Simon (1953), y formalmente definido por Judea Pearl (2000) utilizando el cálculo contrafactual.

Historia

La historia de las ecuaciones estructurales comienza con la unión de diferentes materias.

La primera de ellas, es la biométrica. Los trabajos más relevantes en esta área fueron los publicados por Sewall Green Wright en los años 30.

Otra corriente fue la psicometría, cuyo autor relevante fue Spearman (1904) con su aportación, el modelo factorial.

Y desde la econometría, el concepto de ecuaciones simultáneas también será relevante en la historia del MES.

En los años 70, Karl Gustav Jöreskog junto a Arthur Goldberger unen los conceptos de estas corrientes, y junto al programador Dag Sörbom, crean LISREL, el primer software para la modelización de ecuaciones estructurales.

Concepto

Esta técnica combina el análisis factorial con la regresión lineal para probar el grado de ajuste de unos datos observados a un modelo hipotetizado y expresado mediante un diagrama de senderos. Como resultado, los MES proporcionan los valores pertenecientes a cada relación, y más importante, un estadístico que expresa el grado en el que los datos se ajustan al modelo propuesto, confirmando su validez.

Entre los puntos fuertes de los MES se encuentra la habilidad de construir variables latentes: variables que no son medidas directamente, pero son estimadas en el modelo a partir de varias variables que covarían entre sí. Esto permite al modelador capturar explícitamente la fiabilidad del modelo. El análisis factorial, el análisis de caminos y la regresión lineal representan casos especiales del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales.

Diagrama de senderos o vías

El diagrama de senderos o también llamado diagrama de vías es un gráfico, parecido a un diagrama de flujo, que expresa las relaciones existentes entre las variables. Este gráfico es lo que se considera "el modelo", y se establece a priori. Es por ello que los MES están muy guiados por las hipótesis previas.

En un gráfico de senderos se utilizan rectángulos para expresar las variables observadas, que pueden ser endógenas (dependientes) o exógenas (independientes). Se utilizan elipses para expresar variables latentes, variables no observadas que se infieren a partir de los datos mediante análisis factorial. Ambos tipos de variables se interconectan entre sí mediante flechas, que pueden ser unidireccionales (regresión lineal) o bidireccionales (varianza común). Cuando dos variables no están relacionadas, se fuerza el modelo para que estas variables no tengan relación alguna, bloqueando su varianza común o asumiendo esta varianza como parte del error de medida.

Las variables exógenas deben ser consecuencia de una variable endógena o latente, pero además, se debe incluir la existencia del error de medida. Así pues, una variable dependiente siempre será el resultado de una variable independiente junto a un error de medida.

Tipos de MES

Los MES permiten tanto modelado confirmatorio como exploratorio, significando que esta técnica es útil tanto para poner a prueba teorías ya existentes (confirmatorio), como para el desarrollo de nuevas teorías (exploratorio).

Exploratorio

Cuando se habla de exploración, se hace referencia a que no se conoce la estructura de los datos a priori, y la técnica exploratoria que utilicemos nos permitirá descubrir esta estructura.

En ecuaciones estructurales se pueden diseñar dos tipos de modelos: el análisis factorial exploratorio (EFA) y el análisis de componentes principales (PCA). El PCA es un subtipo de EFA. En el modelado, el PCA quedaría representado por líneas que van de las variables observadas a los factores. En el EFA al contrario. El EFA se utiliza extendidamente en el ámbito psicométrico y su función es reducir el número de variables en un conjunto de factores que expliquen la varianza común entre esas variables.

Confirmatorio

En los MES lo interesante no es replicar un modelo exploratorio, sino el reproducir un modelo confirmatorio. A diferencia del exploratorio, las vías que salen de un factor a variables que no tienen que ver con dicho factor se podan.

El modelo confirmatorio generalmente comienza con una hipótesis previa que queda representada como un modelo causal. Los conceptos utilizados en el modelo deben entonces ser operacionalizados de forma que permitan probar las relaciones entre los conceptos del modelo. El modelo pone a prueba los datos obtenidos a partir de medidas empíricas para determinar el grado en el cual los datos se ajustan al modelo. Las asunciones causales dentro del modelo comúnmente son falsables y esto es comprobado mediante los datos. Bajo este tipo de modelo se encuentra el análisis factorial confirmatorio, considerado un subtipo especial de MES. Consiste en una variante del análisis factorial exploratorio en el que se bloquea la posible relación entre los factores y las variables que no pertenecen al factor.

El análisis factorial confirmatorio (CFA) es un subtipo especial de SEM que representa de forma jerárquica los factores a contrastar.

Modelos

Modelo de regresión con error en las variables

Modelo de vías

Modelo MIMIC

Modelo Panel Data

Modelo de un factor (análisis factorial)

Evaluación del modelo

Una vez que hemos dibujado un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y lo hemos relacionado con una muestra de datos empíricos, toca calcular si los datos se ajustan a dicho modelo hipotetizado. Los resultados de los análisis estadísticos que llevan a cabo deben ser significativos. Un resultado de "buen ajuste" nos informa de que el modelo es plausible. Los estadísticos comunes que se observan al calcular un modelo son los siguientes:

Ji-Cuadrado

Nos informa sobre el grado de diferencia entre la matriz de correlaciones esperada y la observada.

La matriz esperada puede ser generada automáticamente por el software, lo cual informaría del mero ajuste de los datos al modelo, o puede ser comparada con otra matriz derivada que un modelo alternativo construido por el experimentador.

El problema derivado de este estadístico son los presupuestos básicos y previos que debe cumplir los datos para que las conclusiones sean válidas. Este estadístico requiere, por un lado, que las muestras sean grandes (diez veces mayor que el número de parámetros a estimar) y que los datos sean multinormales (que todos los datos se distribuyan de forma normal y que cualquier combinación lineal entre los datos también siga una curva normal).

Para solventar este problema se ha propuesto un Ji-Cuadrado alternativo al tradicional, que corrige el posible sesgo de los datos. Este estadístico se le suele llamar  (debido a que esta corrección la realizó Satorra y Bentler) o "chi cuadrado robusto". Consiste en corregir los datos mediante el índice de curtosis. Esta corrección ha mostrado permitir realizar SEM en muestras pequeñas y/o que violen el principio de normalidad. La mayoría de programas incorporan este tipo de corrección en sus análisis, aunque otros como Amos aún no lo han implementado.

Software

El software típico que permite el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales es el siguiente:

Gretl
OpenMX
 Amos (SPSS)
 LISREL
 EQS
 MPlus
 CALIS (SAS)

Véase también

 Estadística multivariante
 Análisis de la regresión

Artículos
 Bagozzi, R.; Yi, Y. (2012): Specification, evaluation, and interpretation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.40, N.º1, pp.8–34.

Libros
Handbook of Management Scales

Modelos estadísticos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


If your parent served in the ADF, you might be eligible for a scholarship to support your tertiary studies and help you achieve your career aspirations.
RSL Queensland scholarships provide financial support to students who have overcome challenges in their lives and demonstrated their determination to gain a tertiary qualification.
details of your family's financial situation.
Ongoing eligibility criteria also applies.
The Veteran Dependant Scholarships program is managed by the Australian Veterans' Children Assistance Trust (AVCAT) on behalf of RSL Queensland. Contact AVCAT directly to apply.


About 1,000 backers of Iraq's anti-American Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr are holding a protest against Israel's airstrikes on the Gaza Strip. The demonstrators chanted and burned Israeli and American flags in the Monday gathering at a square in eastern Baghdad. A top aide to al-Sadr, Imam Abdul Hadi al-Mohammadawi, told the crowd that the whole world knows about "the bloody history of Israel" and the "horrible crime" they are committing in Gaza. Separately, the party of Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki issued a statement condemning the attacks and calling on Islamic countries to cut relations with Israel and end all "secret and public talks" with it.


text:
La transformation de Helmert est une similitude permettant de passer d'un système de coordonnées à un autre, en minimisant l'écart quadratique moyen entre les positions des points connus dans le système cible et leurs transformées depuis le système source. Elle nécessite donc de disposer d'un nombre suffisant de points connus dans les deux systèmes. Cette transformation peut s'analyser comme la succession de trois transformations : une rotation, une translation, et une homothétie (dont le rapport peut s'interpréter comme une variation d'échelle). Elle est très utilisée en topographie pour intégrer dans un plan en coordonnées générales (Lambert par exemple), un lever de qualité suffisante mais en coordonnées locales.

Principe du calcul
Une translation suivie d'une rotation est équivalente à une rotation de même angle autour d'un point différent suivie d'une autre translation, et ce d'une infinité de manières. On peut imposer à la translation une contrainte arbitraire, par exemple d'être orthogonale à la rotation. On préfère, pour lever l'indétermination du calcul, donner un rôle privilégié à des points caractéristiques. Dans le calcul d'un problème plan, c'est pratiquement toujours le centre de gravité des points connus dans les deux systèmes (dits points de calage), que l'on met en correspondance par une translation. On appelle ce point de calcul de la translation le pôle de la transformation.
C'est une application des moindres carrés.
La mise à l'échelle se calcule ensuite simplement en faisant correspondre la somme des distances de chaque point de calage au pôle de la transformation dans les deux systèmes. La variation d'échelle étant sauf cas exceptionnels un nombre théoriquement très proche de 1, on l'exprime souvent sous les formes E/e = 1 + a, ou E/e = 1 + s /
Le calcul des composants de la rotation se fait ensuite en recherchant les angles qui minimisent dans le système cible la somme des carrés des distances entre les points connus et leurs homologues issus de la transformation, et peut être vu comme un cas particulier de la méthode des moindres carrés.

Helmert


Blood sugar can be checked by patients at home. This is called SMBG (self-monitoring blood glucose) or in the laboratory. Small portable hand held battery operated devices are in common use. The accuracy has about 10% variability as compared to laboratory testing.
It is required less frequently in Type II Diabetes. It is checked for patients on insulin and those having hypoglycemic episodes. Once a week check may be enough for most patients. Those who are on a tight control of sugars require more frequent checks.
It is also recommended during treatment of hypoglycemia to ensure that blood levels of glucose have improved and remain improved.
For type II cases and those suspected to have hypoglycemia often, morning and before dinner levels are useful. However, treatment should not be delayed in serious hypoglycemia suspicions as delay in correcting glucose levels may cause permanent injury to some organs especially nervous system.
Venous or capillary blood is used for measurement of blood sugar. It can be measured in plasma or serum. Capillary and plasma levels are 10% lower and higher compared to venous and serum levels due to glucose utilization by tissues and RBCs.
Glucometers use strips impregnated with glucose oxidase. Most show plasma glucose rather than whole blood levels.
Calibration is required before using a fresh set of strips.
Best results are obtained if a lancet is used for puncture of the skin. Blood should come out easily rather than being squeezed from the fingertip. Sides of terminal digits should be used as punctures in front areas would be painful when hands are used. Hands should be washed and dried before a sample is taken.
Higher values may not be measured precisely and are often shown as High levels.
Test strips should be fresh and manufacturers guidelines should be adhered to.
Old methods report sugar level in mg/deciliter while the newer methods are in mmol/liter. To convert from mg/dl to mmol /l the former values are divided by 18.
HbA1C or glycated Hb measures level over previous 12 weeks or so. The test, however, should be done in a fasting stage and is a good guide for overall diabetic control.


text:
Orthocentrus elongatus — вид паразитических перепончатокрылых наездников подсемейства Orthocentrinae из семейства Ichneumonidae.

Распространение
Центральная Америка: Мексика (Tamaulipas, Gómez Farias, Alta Cima , 900 м).

Описание
Мелкие перепончатокрылые наездники, длина тела около 5 мм. Длина переднего крыла 3,4 мм. Жгутик состоит из 28 флагелломеров. Основная окраска коричневая с жёлтыми щеками, лицом, клипеусом и другими желтоватыми отметинами на теле. Задние бёдра в 2,8 раза длиннее своей ширины, а задние голени в 4,2 длиннее ширины в апикальной части. Жвалы редуцированные, узкие, не перекрываются при закрытии. Наличник не отделяется от лица, образуя равномерно выпуклую поверхность. Скапус усиков длинный. Мезосома гладкая. Метасома вытянутая. Задние ноги массивные. Яйцеклад короткий. Личинки (предположительно, как и у других близких видов рода) — паразиты насекомых.

Классификация и этимология
Вид был впервые выделен в 2019 году российским гименоптерологом Андреем Эдуардовичем Хумала (Институт леса Карельского научного центра РАН, Петрозаводск, Россия) по типовым материалам из Мексики. Близок к видам Orthocentrus flavoorbitalis, Orthocentrus rhombifer, Orthocentrus hidalgoensis, Orthocentrus ungularis, Orthocentrus longiventris. Видовое название дано по признаку удлинённой формы тела (elongatus).

Примечания

Литература

 .

Ссылки

Orthocentrus
Животные, описанные в 2019 году
Насекомые Северной Америки
Эндемики Мексики


text:
Q: A-Frame A-Text Mask i can not find any answer about masking a picture with an a-text primitive or other possibilities with a-frame or threejs behind. The bitmap text should be a mask for an underlying image. Somebody told me, it could be solved via shaders https://aframe.io/docs/0.8.0/primitives/a-text.html#attributes_shader and advised me to read the book of shaders https://thebookofshaders.com with 155 pages foreknowledge! I am not sure if this is the right hint anyway!?
Here you can see the illustrated task position as grafic view:
https://photos.app.goo.gl/MLZjcucfpuqmtinH7
Codepen: http://codepen.w3x.de

A: Copy and paste the A-Frame text shader code (remove the module.exports) and register a text shader. Here's the current MSDF shader:
AFRAME.registerShader('yourtextshader', {
      schema: {
        alphaTest: {type: 'number', is: 'uniform', default: 0.5},
        color: {type: 'color', is: 'uniform', default: 'white'},
        map: {type: 'map', is: 'uniform'},
        negate: {type: 'boolean', is: 'uniform', default: true},
        opacity: {type: 'number', is: 'uniform', default: 1.0}
      },

      raw: true,

      vertexShader: [
        'attribute vec2 uv;',
        'attribute vec3 position;',
        'uniform mat4 projectionMatrix;',
        'uniform mat4 modelViewMatrix;',
        'varying vec2 vUV;',
        'void main(void) {',
        '  gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);',
        '  vUV = uv;',
        '}'
      ].join('\n'),

      fragmentShader: [
        '#ifdef GL_OES_standard_derivatives',
        '#extension GL_OES_standard_derivatives: enable',
        '#endif',

        'precision highp float;',
        'uniform bool negate;',
        'uniform float alphaTest;',
        'uniform float opacity;',
        'uniform sampler2D map;',
        'uniform vec3 color;',
        'varying vec2 vUV;',

        'float median(float r, float g, float b) {',
        '  return max(min(r, g), min(max(r, g), b));',
        '}',

        // FIXME: Experimentally determined constants.
        '#define BIG_ENOUGH 0.001',
        '#define MODIFIED_ALPHATEST (0.02 * isBigEnough / BIG_ENOUGH)',

        'void main() {',
        '  vec3 sample = texture2D(map, vUV).rgb;',
        '  if (negate) { sample = 1.0 - sample; }',

        '  float sigDist = median(sample.r, sample.g, sample.b) - 0.5;',
        '  float alpha = clamp(sigDist / fwidth(sigDist) + 0.5, 0.0, 1.0);',
        '  float dscale = 0.353505;',
        '  vec2 duv = dscale * (dFdx(vUV) + dFdy(vUV));',
        '  float isBigEnough = max(abs(duv.x), abs(duv.y));',

        '  // Do modified alpha test.',
        '  if (alpha < alphaTest * MODIFIED_ALPHATEST) { discard; return; }',
        '  gl_FragColor = vec4(color.xyz, alpha * opacity);',
        '}'
      ].join('\n')
    });

The fragment shader is what computes the color of the text. You get vUV which is the UV map for that fragment, telling where to sample in the texture.
What you would need to do to modify this shader. Don't have time to do a full example yet, but...:

*

*Accept another parameter of your texture, add to the schema.

*Pass that texture into the shader (<a-entity text="shader: yourTextShader; yourTexture: #texture).

*Add a uniform for that texture in the fragment shader uniform sampler2D yourTexture).

*Modify the fragment shader to use the texture color instead of the color gl_FragColor = vec4(texture2D(yourTexture, vUv), alpha * opacity)


text:
Q: Is there a way to extract only the values from a dictionary object to add to a list, using the lamba function? I am experimenting using lambda functions to create a list that contains only the values of a particular key to a list.
I have the following:
names = None
names = list(map(lambda restaurant: dict(name=restaurant['name']
                                          ).values(), yelp_restaurants))
names

# This is what I want for the list:
# ['Fork & Fig',
#  'Salt And Board',
#  'Frontier Restaurant',
#  'Nexus Brewery',
#  "Devon's Pop Smoke",
#  'Cocina Azul',
#  'Philly Steaks',
#  'Stripes Biscuit']

What I get however, is the following:
[dict_values(['Fork & Fig']),
 dict_values(['Salt And Board']),
 dict_values(['Frontier Restaurant']),
 dict_values(['Nexus Brewery']),
 dict_values(["Devon's Pop Smoke"]),
 dict_values(['Cocina Azul']),
 dict_values(['Philly Steaks']),
 dict_values(['Stripes Biscuit'])]

Is there a way to only pass the values, an eliminate the redundant 'dict_values' prefix?

A: The function you are using to create names is a bit redundant:
names = list(map(lambda restaurant: dict(name=restaurant['name']
                                          ).values(), yelp_restaurants))

The control flow that you have outlined is "from a list of dict entries called yelp_restaurants, I want to create a dict of each name and grab the values from each dict and put that in a list."
Why? Don't get hung up on lambda functions yet. Start simple, like a for loop:
names = []

for restaurant in yelp_restaurants:
    names.append(restaurant['name'])

Look at how much simpler that is. It does exactly what you want, just get the name and stuff it into a list. You can put that in a list comprehension:
names = [restaurant['name'] for restaurant in yelp_restaurants]

Or, if you really need to use lambda, now it's much easier to see what you actually want to accomplish
names = list(map(lambda x: x['name'], yelp_restaurants))

Remember, the x in lambda x: is each member of the iterable yelp_restaurants, so x is a dict. With that in mind, you are using direct access on name to extract what you want.


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text:
FORGOOD
FORGOOD – Case Studies
FORGOOD – Case StudiesNatalie Stafford2020-01-27T12:25:05+00:00
Case Study 1: Opt-Out Organ Donation
Case Study 2: Save More Tomorrow
Case Study 3: Choice Architecture in the Cafeteria
Case Study 1: Opt Out Organ Donation
The substantial effect that the default position can have on people's choices is a classic finding of behavioural economics. This finding has been famously applied to address the problem of the lack of organ donors in the UK. The UK has an 'opt-in' donor system – you have to register to be a donor – and like Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands, struggles to get a high percentage of the population registered. Other countries like Belgium, Austria and France, have an 'opt-out' system, that is, you have to register not to be a donor. In those countries, at least 90%, and even 100% of the adult population are registered as donors. A very simple difference in the default position appears to cause a dramatic difference in registered donors. Ireland is planning to move to the opt-out system. For the first time, it will be presumed that the deceased person had consented to donate major organs, including kidneys, heart, lungs and liver. Think about this policy in terms of the FORGOOD framework.
The below interpretations of the seven considerations are suggestions and different people will think of these differently.
Does the behavioural policy have undesired redistributive effects?
No. The behavioural policy does not focus nor neglect one group in favour of another. It does not lead to a subset of the population behaving against their best interests nor to a re-allocation of resources.
Is the behavioural policy open or hidden and manipulative?
The policy is transparent because its goal, rationale and methodology was publicly announced and subject to scrutiny by the public. It is possible for people to identify the policy and its influence and impact.
Does the policy respect people's autonomy, dignity, freedom of choice and privacy?
Under the opt-out system, it is presumed that a deceased person has consented to donate their vital organs. The opt-out policy is a potential violation of the donor's autonomy and freedom to choose what they wish to do with their body after their death.
Does the behavioural policy serve good and legitimate goals?
The behavioural intervention serves goals that are ethically acceptable and aims to improve people's lives: increasing the number of donated organs available that can be used in medical procedures; this would lead to decreased waiting times and could save people's lives.
Do people accept the means and the ends of the behavioural policy?
Public opinion of opt-out organ donation is mixed, with some groups lobbying for the policy and others accusing it of being misleading. Policymakers need to consider how much disagreement is acceptable and measure the extent of it through surveys and opinion polls. A strong justification for the nudge is present when nudgers and a large majority of the nudgees agree about both the ends and the means of the policy.
Do better policies exist and are they warranted?
There are other policy options available, hard interventions like bans, mandates or incentives, these too can be motivated by behavioural insights. Some researchers argue that nudges are very cost-effective but others warn that the effectiveness of behavioural policies might well be limited in comparison to harder policies. Policymakers need to run a cost-benefit analysis to compare different policies and must consider the possibility of unwanted side-effects of the nudge.
Do the policy-makers have the right and the ability to nudge using the power delegated to them?
The policy-makers have no conflicts of interest in implementing this nudge. The opt-out behavioural intervention was designed using a strong scientific base and will be implemented by policy-makers who have the competency to administer and evaluate the behavioural policy properly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
You are here: Home » Blog » News » U.S. Pacific Command projects forces through AOR
U.S. Pacific Command projects forces through AOR
haw | March 8, 2018	| 0 Comments
A 25th Infantry Division Stryker vehicle is offloaded from the Ocean Jazz cargo ship at Yokohama North Dock, Japan, on Sept. 8, 2017, in support of Orient Shield. Orient Shield, held at Camp Fuji, Japan, is one of the many exercises linked by Pacific Pathways. (Photo Credit: Luis Casale)
Brig. Gen. James S. Moore
593rd Expeditionary Sustainment Command
JOINT BASE LEWIS-MCCHORD, Washington — Recent developments in the Pacific, including a historic escalation of tensions on the Korean peninsula, ongoing issues between China and its neighbors in international waters, and a re-evaluation of the relationship between the United States and the Philippines, are reminders that the region remains a very volatile political environment.
In addition to its political challenges and regional threats, the Pacific Rim is extremely susceptible to natural disasters and is well deserving of its "Ring of Fire" moniker.
These conditions require the Army be able to deploy a sizable force on short notice to the U.S. Pacific Command (USPACOM) area of responsibility (AOR) to counter significant threats or respond to large-scale humanitarian crises.
PACOM is the largest unified combatant command. In addition, PACOM's AOR is not a contiguous landmass with ground lines of communication; islands and peninsulas make up much of the land in the region.
Clearly, force projection into the PACOM AOR, whether in response to a critical military contingency or a natural disaster, cannot happen instant at the onset of a crisis. It must be planned, developed and set.
Projecting a force from the continental United States (CONUS) across the world's largest ocean requires constant, full-time attention to properly reassure allies, deter aggression, set the theater for potential contingency operations and provide timely humanitarian assistance.
Only through multiple lines of effort, including CONUS-based activities, multilateral exercises, regional engagements outside of CONUS, and the ongoing, synchronized actions of multiple stakeholders, are we able to credibly project the military element of national power across the Pacific.
(Editor's note: Moore is the commander of the 593rd ESC. Read more details about projecting power at https://www.army.mil/article/200645/projecting_the_force_in_the_pacific.)
Tags: china, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Pacific Region, Philippines
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An interface for render objects that are bigger on the inside.
Some render objects, such as RenderViewport, present a portion of their content, which can be controlled by a ViewportOffset. This interface lets the framework recognize such render objects and interact with them without having specific knowledge of all the various types of viewports.


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photographed my hand several thousand times.
make decisions that lead me to things i truly want to do.
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text:
The burden of proof in cases of discrimination during recruitment
The Rewe/Comet doctrine establishes that in the absence Union rules on procedural law, it is the responsibility of the Member States' legal systems to provide for remedies stemming from EU law subject to the principle of effectiveness (national procedural rules may not make it impossible to exercise EU rights) and equivalence (national procedural law may not discriminate between EU remedies and similar domestic actions). This doctrine was developed out of the duty of loyal cooperation (article 4 (3) TEU). Of course, as European integration continues, procedural law gets harmonised more and more. So what happens if there are EU rules on procedural law, but those rules have not fully been harmonised? How does the duty of loyal cooperation affect the interpretation of those rules? In C-415/10 Meister the Court held that the duty of loyal cooperation requires, not surprisingly, national courts to make sure that in applying national procedural law the achievement of the objectives of secondary EU law are not compromised.
Ms Meister, a Russian national and systems engineer, applied for a job as 'experienced software developer' at a company called Speech Design. She was rejected twice (the job ad was published again after Ms Meister was turned down the first time) by Speech Design without letting her know the grounds for which she was unsuccessful in her application. Ms Meister subsequently brought an action for damages because she believed that she was being discriminated against on grounds of her sex, age and ethnic origin. The question was whether EU law (Directives 2000/43 on equal treatment on the basis of ethnicity, 2000/78 on equal treatment in employment and 2006/54 on equal treatment on grounds of sex in matters of employment) required the employer to disclose information on the grounds of refusal if a candidate demonstrates she meets the requirements listed in the job ad.
All those directives contained provisions which required national authorities to ensure that national procedural laws would initially require the person claiming to be discriminated against to demonstrate facts from which it may be presumed that there was discrimination. If such facts are deemed to exist by national courts, it is up to the respondent to prove that there was in fact no discrimination. Ms Meister claimed on the basis of this rule that she therefore had the right know why her application was rejected.
The Court did not accept such an interpretation. However, it did state that the refusal to provide information by Speech Design could constitute a fact from which it could be presumed that there was discrimination, requiring Speech Design to prove that there was no discrimination. In ensuring the effectiveness of those Directives the Court said that it follows from the duty of loyal cooperation that national courts ensure that the refusal by Speech Design to not disclose information relating to its refusal of Ms Meister's job application that it is not liable to compromise the goals of the directives on equal treatment. National courts therefore
must, in particular, take account of all the circumstances of the main proceedings, in order to determine whether there is sufficient evidence for a finding that the facts from which it may be presumed that there has been such discrimination have been established.
Among those circumstances are the fact that Speech Design has refused any access to information sought by Ms Meister and the fact that Speech Design did not invite Ms Meister for an interview although she met the level of expertise required for the job. So although the directives do not give a right to access of information, the refusal to give that information can constitute a factor from which it may be presumed that there was in fact discrimination:
46 In the light of the foregoing, the answer to the first question is that Article 8(1) of Directive 2000/43, Article 10(1) of Directive 2000/78 and Article 19(1) of Directive 2006/54 must be interpreted as not entitling a worker who claims plausibly that he meets the requirements listed in a job advertisement and whose application was rejected to have access to information indicating whether the employer engaged another applicant at the end of the recruitment process.
47 Nevertheless, it cannot be ruled out that a defendant's refusal to grant any access to information may be one of the factors to take into account in the context of establishing facts from which it may be presumed that there has been direct or indirect discrimination. It is for the referring court to determine whether that is the case in the main proceedings, taking into account all the circumstances of the case before it.
Of course, if this is the case, Speech Design will have to disclose the information in order to avoid failure to meet the burden of proof. Anyway, just like in the Rewe/Comet line of cases, this case also emphasizes the duty of loyal cooperation and effectiveness of EU law for national judges in matters of procedure. The difference then is that in Meister the duty of loyal cooperation turns into a positive obligation (reaching the goals of the directives), whereas the Rewe/Comet doctrine entails a negative obligation (refrain from applying national procedural rules that would run counter to the principles of equivalence and effectiveness).
Written by Laurens Ankersmit Posted in General, Procedural Autonomy	Tagged with C-415/10 Meister, duty of loyal cooperation, procedural autonomy
EU FTA with Colombia and Peru moving forward, but still faces challenges
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text:
Andy McNamara
The Power of the Consumer
Protests against Microsoft's "always-on" and used games policies resulted in a win for gamers but also for the game companies...
What is Indie?
Game Informer's Andy McNamara talks about digital distribution and the rise of the indie game scene.
Streaming Killed The Single-Player Star
Could the ability to watch an entire game from beginning to end online be the death of linear single-player experiences?
The rise of mobile games and independent developers has had an astonishing effect on the video game industry.
Where Are The Games?
The Xbox One and PlayStation 4 have sold twice as many units through the first five months than their predecessors.
This Time is Different
The Oculus Rift headset might just be a game-changer for virtual reality.
Connecting to Kinect
"Game Informer" editor Andy McNamara wants Microsoft to let him use his Xbox One without the annoying Kinect controller.
The Death of Handheld Consoles?
A device designed specifically to play games can be magical. Not only do the action games they support play better, they don'...
Virtual Reality's Rocky Start
It doesn't help when both Oculus and HTC Vive launch with supply problems that quite frankly are embarrassing.
Best E3 Ever?
It's hard to say if it's the best in E3's 20-year history, but there is no denying that it was the strongest of the last dec...
Developers Create the Worlds, But We Live in Them
Games are a place and a time. We need to treat people like we would like to be treated.
Misguided Rage
I expect more games to have in-game stores as we move forward, as there are just too many people who want it.
What are the vintage video games they just have to bring back?
Games are Science Fiction Come to Life
A nuclear scientist named William Higinbotham made Tennis for Two as head of Brookhaven Lab's Instrumentation Division in 195...
I'm a Gamer
Some people argue that the term "gamer" should go away.


text:
Josh Hall Out Due To COVID-19 Protocols
NBA Moves Back Start Times For 20 Games
Grizzlies' Postponements Represent Evolution In NBA's Approach
NBA Postpones Grizzlies' Next Three Games
NBA Postpones Friday's Wizards/Bucks Game
Killian Hayes Out At Least Eight More Weeks
NBA Announces 11 New Cases In Latest Round Of COVID-19 Testing
NBA Postponing Wednesday's Blazers/Grizzlies Game
Trade Rumors App
2021 Free Agents
All Lists/Trackers
Eastern Notes: Oladipo, Celtics, Heat, Beal, Cavs
January 15th, 2021 at 4:01pm CST by Luke Adams
Victor Oladipo turned down a contract extension offer from the Pacers that started at over $25MM, league sources tell former NBA executive Ryan McDonough of Radio.com (Twitter link). NBA rules would have allowed Indiana to go up to a starting salary of $25.2MM on an extension for Oladipo, and it sounds like the team was willing to go that high, based on McDonough's report.
With Oladipo seeking a more lucrative contract in free agency, where he'll be eligible for a starting salary worth up to $33.7MM, the Pacers realized they would likely lose him during the summer of 2021, McDonough explains. That's why Indiana was willing to move him in a deal for Caris LeVert this week. That trade between the Rockets and Pacers – which was separated from the rest of the James Harden blockbuster – isn't yet official, but should be soon.
Here's more from around the Eastern Conference:
After dealing with a roster shortage for much of the week, the Celtics will have some reinforcements for Friday night's contest vs. Orlando, their first game since last Friday. Jaylen Brown, Daniel Theis, Semi Ojeleye, and Javonte Green are all out of the NBA's health and safety protocols and are available tonight, tweets Gary Washburn of The Boston Globe.
With Harden off the market, Barry Jackson of The Miami Herald revisits the Heat's potential trade options if they want to make a splash before the March 25 deadline. As Jackson has mentioned multiple times in the past, Miami would be very interested in Bradley Beal if the Wizards were to make him available.
The Cavaliers will carry approximately $309K in dead money for Thon Maker after waiving his non-guaranteed contract to accommodate their Jarrett Allen and Taurean Prince acquisitions, tweets Bobby Marks of ESPN. Maker was paid about $11.9K per day for 26 days of service.
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Daniel Theis
Javonte Green
Rockets Trade James Harden To Nets
January 14th, 2021 at 8:12am CST by Luke Adams
JANUARY 16: The Pacers/Rockets part of the trade is now official and has been folded back into the initial deal, formally making it a four-team trade once again. Details can be found right here.
JANUARY 14: The trade is now official, the Nets announced in a press release.
"Adding an All-NBA player such as James to our roster better positions our team to compete against the league's best," Brooklyn general manager Sean Marks said. "James is one of the most prolific scorers and playmakers in our game, and we are thrilled to bring his special talents to Brooklyn.
"While we are excited to welcome James and his family to the Nets, we also want to thank the players who are departing. Caris, Jarrett, Rodions and Taurean were instrumental to the team's success and have made an enormous impact on our organization. It has been a pleasure watching them grow both as players and as people and they will always be part of our Nets family. We wish each of them and their families all the best in the future."
In their press release announcing the deal, the Cavs noted that they also acquired the draft rights to 2017 second-round pick Aleksandar Vezenkov from the Nets. Vezenkov has remained overseas since being drafted.
Interestingly, the Nets, Cavs, and Rockets opted to complete this trade as a three-team deal, meaning the trade sending LeVert and a second-round pick to Indiana for Oladipo will be a separate move.
Separating the two trades will allow the Rockets to generate a larger trade exception in this initial deal — that exception will be worth $15,451,216.
JANUARY 13: The Nets will acquire star guard James Harden in a trade with the Rockets, sources tell ESPN's Adrian Wojnarowski and Ramona Shelburne (Twitter link). Shams Charania of The Athletic confirms (via Twitter) that Harden will head to Brooklyn.
According to Wojnarowski and Shelburne (via Twitter) and Charania (Twitter link), it will be a multi-team trade that also involves the Cavaliers and Pacers, with the Rockets receiving Indiana guard Victor Oladipo in the deal.
The Rockets will acquire Oladipo from the Pacers; Rodions Kurucs, three first-round picks, and four pick swaps from the Nets; and Dante Exum and the Bucks' unprotected 2022 first-round selection from the Cavs, per ESPN and The Athletic.
Cleveland will receive Jarrett Allen and Taurean Prince from Brooklyn, while the Pacers acquire Caris LeVert.
Charania reports (via Twitter) that the Pacers will also receive a second-round pick in the trade. That second-rounder is a 2023 selection from the Rockets, tweets Wojnarowski.
In addition to Harden, the Nets will receive a 2024 second-round pick from Cleveland, says Wojnarowski (Twitter link). The Cavaliers have traded away the more favorable of their own second-rounder and the Jazz's second-rounder, so Brooklyn will presumably get the less favorable of those two picks.
This is a massive trade with a ton of moving parts to break down. Let's start with the Nets' side of the deal.
Nets' perspective:
The draft picks the Nets are sending to Houston are their unprotected first-rounders in 2022, 2024, and 2026, according to Wojnarowski, who tweets that the Rockets will have the ability to swap first-round picks with the Nets in 2021, 2023, 2025, and 2027 (without protections, tweets Zach Lowe of ESPN).
That means the Nets won't control any of their own first-round picks through 2027, making this a massive bet on the star trio of Harden, Kevin Durant, and Kyrie Irving. Irving is currently away from the team on personal leave and is something of a question mark for the time being, but with Durant and Harden leading the offense, the Nets should have more than enough offensive firepower to get by until he returns.
The move, which makes Brooklyn an immediate championship contender, reunites Harden with his former Thunder teammate and fellow former MVP Durant. Harden will also team up once again with ex-Rockets coach Mike D'Antoni, who is now a Nets assistant.
As a result of trading four players for one, the Nets will have three open roster spots to fill, notes ESPN's Bobby Marks (Twitter link). Minimum-salary signings seem likely, since Brooklyn's projected luxury tax bill will further increase as a result of taking on Harden's $41MM+ salary.
However, the team also still has its $5.72MM taxpayer mid-level exception available and will likely be granted a disabled player exception worth about the same amount following Spencer Dinwiddie's ACL tear. As such, Brooklyn has the flexibility to sign players to deals worth more than the minimum.
Harden had a 15% trade kicker in his contract, but it will be voided since he's already making the maximum salary.
While this blockbuster trade is probably a safe bet to work out better than the last time the Nets mortgaged their future by surrendering a series of first-round selections and pick swaps (for Kevin Garnett and Paul Pierce), it's worth noting that Harden is 31 years old and Durant is 32 — the Nets' picks for the next couple years figure to fall near the end of the first round, but there's no guarantee that will still be the case by 2025, 2026, or 2027.
Rockets' perspective:
The Rockets are clearly betting that some of those draft assets will become valuable, opting for a package heavy on picks rather than pushing to complete a trade with the Sixers for Ben Simmons, as was rumored earlier today. Although Simmons was said to be on the table in talks with Philadelphia, it's not clear what the rest of that deal might have looked like.
By choosing to trade with the Nets and Pacers, the Rockets landed a two-time All-Star (Oladipo) in addition to four draft picks and four draft swaps. Oladipo will be an unrestricted free agent at season's end, so there's no guarantee he'll be a long-term Rocket. Houston will hold his Bird rights and could re-sign him in the offseason, but acquiring him this early in the season also gives the club the option of extracting further value by flipping him at the March 25 trade deadline.
Today's trade agreement marks the end of a saga that began in November, when word first broke that Harden had turned down a two-year, $103MM extension offer and had requested a trade out of Houston. The Rockets didn't move him in the offseason, prompting the superstar guard to express his displeasure by reporting late to training camp.
On Tuesday night, he accelerated his departure by telling reporters after a blowout loss that the Rockets were "just not good enough" and that he didn't believe the situation could be fixed. Houston decided to keep Harden away from the team until a trade agreement could be reached, and ultimately took less than 24 hours to finalize a deal.
[RELATED: Rockets' Players, Silas Discuss Harden Situation]
Barring any additional imminent changes, the Rockets will have a fascinating roster in the short term, headlined by a trio of former stars who are coming back from major injuries. Oladipo, who missed a year from 2019-20 with a quad issue, joins John Wall and DeMarcus Cousins, who have looked good this season after long-term injury absences of their own.
With Christian Wood and P.J. Tucker in the frontcourt, Houston should be a competitive team this season, albeit probably not a legit contender. Today's trade is more about the future. Having previously traded away a handful of their own future first-round picks and given up a pair of pick swaps in 2021 and 2025, the Rockets have replenished their stash of draft picks in recent months, first by trading Robert Covington and Russell Westbrook and now by moving Harden.
Houston, which had one open roster spot entering the day, will have to waive a player to complete the trade. The club will also generate an eight-figure trade exception in the deal.
All three of the players acquired in today's trade by the Rockets – Oladipo, Kurucs, and Exum – can become free agents at season's end (Kurucs has a team option for 2021/22).
It also shouldn't be overlooked that moving Harden for three less expensive players will take the Rockets $3.65MM below the luxury tax line and $9.95MM below their hard cap, per ESPN's Bobby Marks (Twitter link). Entering the day, Houston was over the tax and only about $1MM from the hard cap — the club should now have added financial and cap flexibility for the rest of the season.
Pacers' perspective:
Oladipo has been the subject of trade rumors for the last year, since he has at times seemed lukewarm about the idea of remaining in Indiana after his current contract expires in 2021. While the Pacers had insisted they were comfortable hanging onto him and addressing his contract situation when free agency arrived, moving him for LeVert makes sense for the franchise.
While Oladipo is a stronger defender, LeVert is a talented scorer who is two years younger than Oladipo and is on a more favorable contract. LeVert is earning $16.2MM this season and is under contract for two additional years beyond 2020/21, at an affordable rate of $18.1MM per year.
As Eric Pincus of Bleacher Report observes (via Twitter), re-signing Oladipo at the price he was seeking would've been a challenge for the Pacers, who are already on the hook for lucrative multiyear contracts for Malcolm Brogdon, Domantas Sabonis, and Myles Turner. Locking in LeVert through 2022/23 should be much more financially manageable for Indiana.
In the short term, the Pacers will also slip under the luxury tax line as a result of swapping Oladipo ($21MM) for LeVert, tweets Marks.
Cavaliers' perspective:
The Cavs are acquiring Prince and will send out Exum and a future second-round pick, but this trade is mostly about sending out the Bucks' 2022 first-rounder in exchange for Allen, a promising young center who will be a restricted free agent during the coming offseason.
Cleveland already has a number of veteran options at the four and five, including Andre Drummond, Kevin Love, Larry Nance Jr., and JaVale McGee, so acquiring Allen will create more of a logjam in the short term.
In the long term though, you could make the case that none of the Cavs' incumbent big men have more upside than Allen, who is averaging a double-double (11.2 PPG, 10.4 RPG) in a part-time role (26.7 MPG) so far this season.
If Allen starts at least five games for the Cavs during the rest of the 2020/21 season, he'll meet the starter criteria and his qualifying offer in restricted free agency will be worth $7.7MM. He'd have the option of accepting that one-year offer, negotiating a longer-term deal with Cleveland, or signing an offer sheet with another team, which the Cavs could match.
In a pair of corresponding roster moves, the Cavs will waive Thon Maker and will end Yogi Ferrell's 10-day contract early, per Chris Fedor of Cleveland.com.
Photos courtesy of USA Today Sports Images.
Aleksandar Vezenkov
Jarrett Allen
Yogi Ferrell
Central Notes: Griffin, Rose, Antetokounmpo, Maker, Sirvydis
December 8th, 2020 at 8:08pm CST by Dana Gauruder
While the Pistons have shuffled their roster in recent weeks, Blake Griffin and Derrick Rose remain their most recognizable players. Both of them are healthy in the early days of camp, Keith Langlois of Pistons.com writes.
Griffin and Rose have been full participants in drills and scrimmages, according to coach Dwane Casey. Griffin has the spring in his legs back after undergoing another knee surgery which kept him sidelined much of last season.
"He's back to being the Blake of old. We're excited about that," Casey said. "We know he's been putting in the work. All the naysayers, all of that stuff, he's back to being the Blake of old."
We have more news from the Central Division:
The looming deadline for Giannis Antetokounmpo to sign an extension — December 21 — hasn't affected his work ethic in camp, Bucks coach Mike Budenholzer told reporters, including The Athletic's Eric Nehm (Twitter link). "He wants to be coached hard," Budenholzer said of Giannis. "He wants everybody to do everything they can every day to get better."
Center Thon Maker is on the Cavaliers' roster after signing a training-camp deal and he knows he's fighting for a roster spot, Chris Fedor of the Cleveland Plain Dealer reports. "Nothing is ever given, period. Even being the top-10 pick it wasn't given as well," he said. "I'm not coming in thinking I'm a top-10 (pick) now. I'm coming in aggressive like I was when I was a first year. I'm approaching it as if I just came out of college." Maker became an unrestricted free agent when the Pistons didn't extend him a qualifying offer.
Deividas Sirvydis is scheduled to arrive in Detroit on Wednesday and will have to go through COVID protocols before he can start practicing, Rod Beard of the Detroit News tweets. The Lithuanian swingman, who was drafted in the second round in 2019, signed a three-year contract with the Pistons at the beginning of the month.
The Bulls' G League team, the Windy City Bulls, is unlikely to participate in the Atlanta "bubble" event," Emiliano Carchia of Sportando tweets.
Deividas Sirvydis
Thon Maker Signs With Cavaliers
November 28th, 2020 at 3:11pm CST by Dana Gauruder
NOVEMBER 29: The signing is official, according to the Real GM Transactions Page.
NOVEMBER 28: Center Thon Maker is signing with the Cavaliers, Michael Scotto of Hoops Hype tweets.
It's a training camp deal, according to Chris Fedor of the Cleveland Plain Dealer (Twitter link). Maker became an unrestricted free agent when the Pistons failed to extend him a qualifying offer. He'll look to make a strong enough impression to gain a spot on Cleveland's 15-man roster.
The 23-year-old appeared in 60 game last season for Detroit, averaging 4.7 PPG and 2.8 RPG in 12.9 MPG. Maker began his career with the Bucks in 2016 after being selected with the 10th pick of the draft, but he never lived up to his lottery pick status. Detroit acquired him midway through the 2018/19 season.
Pistons Won't Extend Qualifying Offer To Thon Maker
November 19th, 2020 at 5:50pm CST by Alex Kirschenbaum
Center Thon Maker will enter unrestricted free agency after the Pistons opted not to make him a qualifying offer ahead of his fifth NBA season, Adrian Wojnarowski of ESPN tweets. The decision means that Maker will bypass restricted free agency in the open market.
The 7′ Maker was drafted by the Bucks with the No. 10 pick in the 2016 NBA draft, one spot ahead of future All-Star center Domantas Sabonis, who was selected with the No. 11 pick by the Magic. Maker may struggle to match or exceed the $4,861,854 qualifying offer the Pistons declined on the open market.
The 23-year-old appeared in 60 games for Detroit, averaging 12.9 minutes a night. The Pistons' free agent priority among their 2019/20 holdovers this offseason is expected to be starting big man Christian Wood.
Cavs Rumors: Thompson, Free Agents, Drummond, No. 5 Pick
November 9th, 2020 at 3:50pm CST by Luke Adams
The Cavaliers would like to re-sign Tristan Thompson at the right price, but so far, discussions between the two sides have "centered on a number lower than Thompson would want," according to Chris Fedor of Cleveland.com. Thompson had an $18.5MM salary in 2019/20 and presumably won't want to see that number decrease too significantly going forward. However, that may simply be the veteran's reality now, Fedor writes.
As Fedor points out, John Hollinger of The Athletic and ESPN's Brian Windhorst have both recently suggested that Thompson may be no more than a minimum-salary free agent. It sounds like the Cavs will offer him more than that, so the big man may have to decide whether he wants to stay in Cleveland at that higher number or compete for a title elsewhere on a more modest deal. He appears unlikely to get a sizeable offer from a contender, Fedor notes.
If Thompson doesn't re-sign with the Cavaliers, the team will probably have to dedicate a portion of its mid-level exception to signing a center. Fedor identifies Harry Giles, Aron Baynes, Thon Maker, and Nerlens Noel as some free agents who could be possibilities for Cleveland.
Here's more from Fedor on the Cavs:
Sources tell Fedor that the Cavaliers were hoping to pursue Jerami Grant in free agency, but now expect him to be out of their price range. The team still aims to add athletic, defensive-minded players — Derrick Jones, Maurice Harkless, Kris Dunn, and Pat Connaughton are a few of the potential targets singled out by Fedor.
If and when Andre Drummond officially opts in for 2020/21, it's possible the Cavaliers will view him and his expiring contract as a potential trade chip. However, Fedor's sources believe Cleveland would have a better chance of moving Drummond at the trade deadline rather than in the offseason, so it sounds like the veteran center will spend at least part of the season in Cleveland.
Multiple members of Cleveland's front office like Tyrese Haliburton, but after using their previous two lottery picks on guards, the Cavs seem unlikely to opt for Haliburton over an "equally-talented" prospect who fills a greater need. Fedor believes Deni Avdija, Onyeka Okongwu, Isaac Okoro, and Obi Toppin are – in no particular order – the best bets to be the Cavs' pick at No. 5.
Deni Avdija
Derrick Jones
Harry Giles
Isaac Okoro
Tyrese Haliburton
Central Notes: Wood, Henson, Maker, Holiday, Billups
October 19th, 2020 at 7:36pm CST by Dana Gauruder
The odds of several free agent bigs returning to the Pistons appear to be diminishing, according to James Edwards of The Athletic. The most prominent of the group, unrestricted free agent Christian Wood, seems like a 50-50 proposition to come back. Wood has positioned himself to be one of the most intriguing players on the market, Edwards notes. Another UFA, John Henson, doesn't appear to have a future on a young, rebuilding squad while Thon Maker didn't shine in the team's minicamp. It's unlikely the club will extend a qualifying offer to make him a restricted free agent, Edwards adds.
We have more from the Central Division:
The Pacers have reached out to Justin Holiday and they're hoping to re-sign the unrestricted free agent, J. Michael of the Indianapolis Star reports. Indiana anticipates a strong market for the 3-and-D wing, who played on a $4.8MM contract this past season. Holiday averaged 8.3 PPG on 40.5% shooting from deep in 25.0 MPG in his walk year. The Pacers will likely have to offer a multiyear deal to retain him, Michael adds.
Chauncey Billups remains a head coaching candidate for the Pacers, J. Michael reports in a separate story. Billups has already tentatively accepted an assistant coaching position with the Clippers, but the door is open for him to take a head coaching job. The 2004 Finals MVP is currently an ESPN analyst. Indiana is expected to pick three finalists and conduct final interviews before the end of the month, Michael adds.
Cavaliers guard Darius Garland didn't have smooth sailing as a rookie but he looked like a different player in minicamp. Get the details here.
Justin Holiday
Central Notes: Maker, Cavs, Windler, Bucks
October 5th, 2020 at 6:33pm CST by Alex Kirschenbaum
Pistons big man Thon Maker has been working to expand his game, including his long-range shooting stroke, per Keith Langlois of Pistons.com. Detroit can extend Maker a $4.64MM qualifying offer to keep him on the team heading into his fifth season in 2020/21. Langlois anticipates that the Pistons will opt not to do so, however, making Maker an unrestricted free agent — and possibly available for less than his qualifying offer on the open market.
"I've always loved Detroit since the first day I got here," Maker said of his tenure with the Pistons. "I just focus on the basketball and that's between my agent and the team. My focus is to come here in this [mini-camp] bubble and just play."
There's more out of the Central Division:
The Cavaliers have several prospects they would prefer to interview during the ongoing NBA combine, writes Cleveland.com's Chris Fedor. Virtual interviews commenced last week and wrap up on October 16. Medical exams by the nearest NBA physician and a series of on-court activities completed near the players' homes are set to take place this month. Fedor reports that Cleveland appears to have a strong interest in talking to top draft candidates LaMelo Ball, Deni Avdija and Isaac Okoro.
Cavaliers rookie swingman Dylan Windler, who missed the entire 2019/20 season with a left leg stress fracture, is expected by the team to have a significant on-court role for Cleveland in 2020/21, according to Fedor elsewhere in the same piece. Sources tell Cleveland.com that the 2019 first-rounder is the Cavs' "most asked-about" player in trade talks, though the team has no interest in moving him.
After a disappointing second-round elimination at the hands of the Heat, the Bucks face an interesting offseason, according to The Athletic's Eric Nehm. Assuming no major cost-cutting trades are made, the team is anticipated to be over the salary cap next season. GM Jon Horst has a few options he could exercise to creatively make changes around the periphery of the team, including not guaranteeing forward Ersan Ilyasova's $7MM salary.
Dylan Windler
Eastern Notes: Kennard, Maker, Patton, Avdija, Garland
October 2nd, 2020 at 6:15pm CST by Dana Gauruder
Rookie scale extension candidate Luke Kennard made a strong impression on Pistons coach Dwane Casey during the team's mini-camp, James Edwards of The Athletic tweets. Kennard missed most of the season due to knee injuries but looked completely healthy during the workouts.
"Luke Kennard came in here in great shape. He accomplished and we accomplished with what we wanted to do with him. No tendinitis," Casey said. "I think he's in the best shape since I've coached him. He played with intelligence and confidence."
We have more from around the Eastern Conference:
Neither Thon Maker nor Justin Patton stood out during that same Detroit mini-camp, Edwards reports. Entering the workouts, it was considered a battle for a frontcourt roster spot. However, it's unlikely the Pistons will extend Maker a $4.64MM qualifying offer. Thus, Maker would become an unrestricted free agent. Patton, who has a non-guaranteed salary of $1.76MM next season, underwent pinkie surgery two days after group activities began.
Israeli forward Deni Avdija could be the Knicks' target if he slides to the No. 8 pick, according to Marc Berman of the New York Post. The Knicks plan to interview Avdija, who is praised for his versatility and outside shooting touch. He's currently ranked No. 4 among the best available prospects by ESPN.
Darius Garland stood out in the Cavaliers mini-camp, Chris Fedor of the Cleveland Plain Dealer reports. Garland had the look of a "very dynamic point guard," according to one of the team's assistant coaches. Garland averaged 12.3 PPG, 3.9 APG and 2.6 TPG in 59 starts as a rookie after being selected with No. 5 overall pick.
Darius Garland
Justin Patton
Central Notes: Dunn, Maker, Doumbouya, Osman
September 21st, 2020 at 8:45pm CST by Dana Gauruder
Guard Kris Dunn won't participate in the Bulls' mini-camp, K.C. Johnson of NBC Sports Chicago reports. Dunn's absence was expected, since he's headed to free agency. The Bulls will have to extend him a qualifying offer of $7.1MM to make him a restricted free agent. Dunn didn't play after January 31, when he suffered a sprained right MCL. His right knee is now healthy but he doesn't want to take any chances of getting injured without a contract, Johnson adds.
We have more on the Central Division:
Some of the Pistons' roster decisions could be sorted out during their mini-camp, Keith Langlois of Pistons.com notes. Big men Thon Maker and Justin Patton may be competing for a roster spot, as Maker can either be a restricted or unrestricted free agent while Patton has a non-guaranteed deal. Swingman Khyri Thomas and two-way players Jordan Bone and Louis King might also need a strong showing for the club to retain them.
Pistons guard Bruce Brown believes forward Sekou Doumbouya will blossom in his second season, according to Rod Beard of The Detroit News. Doumbouya saw significant playing time as a rookie due to Blake Griffin's knee injury, but his production was highly inconsistent. "He's got something to prove this summer, coming in with a chip on his shoulder," Brown said. "He's working on his game hard; he's working on big-man stuff and guard stuff. He's definitely put in the work and it's going to be a good year for him."
Cedi Osman isn't participating in the Cavaliers' mini-camp. He's not on the list of players that the club released, as Eric Woodyard of ESPN tweets. Osman, a Turkish citizen, is apparently still overseas. The Cavs will have 15 players come in, including four G League players — Sir'Dominic Pointer, Marques Bolden, Levi Randolph and Vincent Edwards.
Jordan Bone
Louis King
Marques Bolden
Atlantic Notes: Nets Big Three, Tatum, Curry, TD Garden
Pacific Notes: Clippers, Lakers, Kings, Zubac
Poll: Bradley Beal's Future
Rockets Looking To Add Assistant GM?
Michael Porter Jr. Returns To Nuggets, Questionable For Friday
Heat Notes: Harden, Butler, Haslem, Nunn, Attendance
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For many residents of Oswego County, a new year means new resolutions to exercise more, eat healthier, reduce stress, or quit smoking. This year, Oswego County's Director of Public Health, Dr. Dennis Norfleet, is urging all residents to take charge of their health and know their numbers.
The Oswego County Health Department recommends that adults work with their healthcare providers to learn about key indicators of their risk for major illness including blood pressure, cholesterol level, blood sugar and body mass index.
"If you know these numbers, you can take action to reduce your chances of developing heart disease, diabetes, and other major chronic illnesses," said Dr. Norfleet.
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a leading and treatable cause of heart disease and stroke. Because there are usually no symptoms, the only way to know that you have high blood pressure is to get it checked. Ideally, you should have it checked once a year. If it is above normal (over 120/80 mmHg), you should follow up with a healthcare provider. Untreated high blood pressure increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, problems with blood vessels and blood flow, kidney and eye problems, and early death.
"If your blood pressure is high, there are things you can do to get your blood pressure under control," added Dr. Norfleet. Take any medications your doctor prescribes, as directed; choose a heart healthy diet: limit your salt intake, eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; choose lean meat and fish; limit your alcohol consumption; get moving, be physically active for 30 minutes each day; maintain a healthy weight; and stop smoking now.
The Health Department will distribute a series of articles on "the numbers you need to know" over the next few months. For additional information on high blood pressure, contact the Oswego County Health Department at 349-3547 or 1-800-596-3200, ext 3547.


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Index Fungorum

#### Published in
Fieldiana, Bot. 21: 4 (1989)

#### Original name
Hygrocybe hololeuca Singer

### Remarks
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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