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Project acronym 3DCellPhase-
Project In situ Structural Analysis of Molecular Crowding and Phase Separation
Researcher (PI) Julia MAHAMID
Host Institution (HI) EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY
Summary This proposal brings together two fields in biology, namely the emerging field of phase-separated assemblies in cell biology and state-of-the-art cellular cryo-electron tomography, to advance our understanding on a fundamental, yet illusive, question: the molecular organization of the cytoplasm. Eukaryotes organize their biochemical reactions into functionally distinct compartments. Intriguingly, many, if not most, cellular compartments are not membrane enclosed. Rather, they assemble dynamically by phase separation, typically triggered upon a specific event. Despite significant progress on reconstituting such liquid-like assemblies in vitro, we lack information as to whether these compartments in vivo are indeed amorphous liquids, or whether they exhibit structural features such as gels or fibers. My recent work on sample preparation of cells for cryo-electron tomography, including cryo-focused ion beam thinning, guided by 3D correlative fluorescence microscopy, shows that we can now prepare site-specific 'electron-transparent windows' in suitable eukaryotic systems, which allow direct examination of structural features of cellular compartments in their cellular context. Here, we will use these techniques to elucidate the structural principles and cytoplasmic environment driving the dynamic assembly of two phase-separated compartments: Stress granules, which are RNA bodies that form rapidly in the cytoplasm upon cellular stress, and centrosomes, which are sites of microtubule nucleation. We will combine these studies with a quantitative description of the crowded nature of cytoplasm and of its local variations, to provide a direct readout of the impact of excluded volume on molecular assembly in living cells. Taken together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the structural basis by which cells form biochemical compartments.
This proposal brings together two fields in biology, namely the emerging field of phase-separated assemblies in cell biology and state-of-the-art cellular cryo-electron tomography, to advance our understanding on a fundamental, yet illusive, question: the molecular organization of the cytoplasm. Eukaryotes organize their biochemical reactions into functionally distinct compartments. Intriguingly, many, if not most, cellular compartments are not membrane enclosed. Rather, they assemble dynamically by phase separation, typically triggered upon a specific event. Despite significant progress on reconstituting such liquid-like assemblies in vitro, we lack information as to whether these compartments in vivo are indeed amorphous liquids, or whether they exhibit structural features such as gels or fibers. My recent work on sample preparation of cells for cryo-electron tomography, including cryo-focused ion beam thinning, guided by 3D correlative fluorescence microscopy, shows that we can now prepare site-specific 'electron-transparent windows' in suitable eukaryotic systems, which allow direct examination of structural features of cellular compartments in their cellular context. Here, we will use these techniques to elucidate the structural principles and cytoplasmic environment driving the dynamic assembly of two phase-separated compartments: Stress granules, which are RNA bodies that form rapidly in the cytoplasm upon cellular stress, and centrosomes, which are sites of microtubule nucleation. We will combine these studies with a quantitative description of the crowded nature of cytoplasm and of its local variations, to provide a direct readout of the impact of excluded volume on molecular assembly in living cells. Taken together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the structural basis by which cells form biochemical compartments.
Project acronym AgeingStemCellFate
Project The Role of Ectopic Adipocyte Progenitors in Age-related Stem Cell Dysfunction, Systemic Inflammation, and Metabolic Disease
Researcher (PI) Tim Julius Schulz
Host Institution (HI) DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FUER ERNAEHRUNGSFORSCHUNG POTSDAM REHBRUECKE
Summary Ageing is accompanied by ectopic white adipose tissue depositions in skeletal muscle and other anatomical locations, such as brown adipose tissue and the bone marrow. Ectopic fat accrual contributes to organ dysfunction, systemic insulin resistance, and other perturbations that have been implicated in metabolic diseases. This research proposal aims to identify the regulatory cues that control the development of ectopic progenitor cells that give rise to this type of fat. It is hypothesized that an age-related dysfunction of the stem cell niche leads to an imbalance between (1) tissue-specific stem cells and (2) fibroblast-like, primarily adipogenic progenitors that reside within many tissues. Novel methodologies that assess stem/progenitor cell characteristics on the single cell level will be combined with animal models of lineage tracing to determine the developmental origin of these adipogenic progenitors and processes that regulate their function. Notch signalling is a key signalling pathway that relies on direct physical interaction to control stem cell fate. It is proposed that impaired Notch activity contributes to the phenotypical shift of precursor cell distribution in aged tissues. Lastly, the role of the stem cell niche in ectopic adipocyte progenitor formation will be analyzed. External signals originating from the surrounding niche cells regulate the developmental fate of stem cells. Secreted factors and their role in the formation of ectopic adipocyte precursors during senescence will be identified using a combination of biochemical and systems biology approaches. Accomplishment of these studies will help to understand the basic processes of stem cell ageing and identify mechanisms of age-related functional decline in tissue regeneration. By targeting the population of tissue-resident adipogenic progenitor cells, therapeutic strategies could be developed to counteract metabolic complications associated with the ageing process.
Ageing is accompanied by ectopic white adipose tissue depositions in skeletal muscle and other anatomical locations, such as brown adipose tissue and the bone marrow. Ectopic fat accrual contributes to organ dysfunction, systemic insulin resistance, and other perturbations that have been implicated in metabolic diseases. This research proposal aims to identify the regulatory cues that control the development of ectopic progenitor cells that give rise to this type of fat. It is hypothesized that an age-related dysfunction of the stem cell niche leads to an imbalance between (1) tissue-specific stem cells and (2) fibroblast-like, primarily adipogenic progenitors that reside within many tissues. Novel methodologies that assess stem/progenitor cell characteristics on the single cell level will be combined with animal models of lineage tracing to determine the developmental origin of these adipogenic progenitors and processes that regulate their function. Notch signalling is a key signalling pathway that relies on direct physical interaction to control stem cell fate. It is proposed that impaired Notch activity contributes to the phenotypical shift of precursor cell distribution in aged tissues. Lastly, the role of the stem cell niche in ectopic adipocyte progenitor formation will be analyzed. External signals originating from the surrounding niche cells regulate the developmental fate of stem cells. Secreted factors and their role in the formation of ectopic adipocyte precursors during senescence will be identified using a combination of biochemical and systems biology approaches. Accomplishment of these studies will help to understand the basic processes of stem cell ageing and identify mechanisms of age-related functional decline in tissue regeneration. By targeting the population of tissue-resident adipogenic progenitor cells, therapeutic strategies could be developed to counteract metabolic complications associated with the ageing process.
Project acronym AGESPACE
Project SPATIAL NAVIGATION – A UNIQUE WINDOW INTO MECHANISMS OF COGNITIVE AGEING
Researcher (PI) Thomas Wolbers
Host Institution (HI) DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR NEURODEGENERATIVE ERKRANKUNGEN EV
Summary "By 2040, the European population aged over 60 will rise to 290 million, with those estimated to have dementia to 15.9 million. These dramatic demographic changes will pose huge challenges to health care systems, hence a detailed understanding of age-related cognitive and neurobiological changes is essential for helping elderly populations maintain independence. However, while existing research into cognitive ageing has carefully characterised developmental trajectories of functions such as memory and processing speed, one key cognitive ability that is particularly relevant to everyday functioning has received very little attention: In surveys, elderly people often report substantial declines in navigational abilities such as problems with finding one's way in a novel environment. Such deficits severely restrict the mobility of elderly people and affect physical activity and social participation, but the underlying behavioural and neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. In this proposal, I will take a new approach to cognitive ageing that will bridge the gap between animal neurobiology and human cognitive neuroscience. With support from the ERC, I will create a team that will characterise the mechanisms mediating age-related changes in navigational processing in humans. The project will focus on three structures that perform key computations for spatial navigation, form a closely interconnected triadic network, and are particularly sensitive to the ageing process. Crucially, the team will employ an interdisciplinary methodological approach that combines mathematical modelling, brain imaging and innovative data analysis techniques with novel virtual environment technology, which allows for rigorous testing of predictions derived from animal findings. Finally, the proposal also incorporates a translational project aimed at improving spatial mnemonic functioning with a behavioural intervention, which provides a direct test of functional relevance and societal impact."
"By 2040, the European population aged over 60 will rise to 290 million, with those estimated to have dementia to 15.9 million. These dramatic demographic changes will pose huge challenges to health care systems, hence a detailed understanding of age-related cognitive and neurobiological changes is essential for helping elderly populations maintain independence. However, while existing research into cognitive ageing has carefully characterised developmental trajectories of functions such as memory and processing speed, one key cognitive ability that is particularly relevant to everyday functioning has received very little attention: In surveys, elderly people often report substantial declines in navigational abilities such as problems with finding one's way in a novel environment. Such deficits severely restrict the mobility of elderly people and affect physical activity and social participation, but the underlying behavioural and neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. In this proposal, I will take a new approach to cognitive ageing that will bridge the gap between animal neurobiology and human cognitive neuroscience. With support from the ERC, I will create a team that will characterise the mechanisms mediating age-related changes in navigational processing in humans. The project will focus on three structures that perform key computations for spatial navigation, form a closely interconnected triadic network, and are particularly sensitive to the ageing process. Crucially, the team will employ an interdisciplinary methodological approach that combines mathematical modelling, brain imaging and innovative data analysis techniques with novel virtual environment technology, which allows for rigorous testing of predictions derived from animal findings. Finally, the proposal also incorporates a translational project aimed at improving spatial mnemonic functioning with a behavioural intervention, which provides a direct test of functional relevance and societal impact."
Project acronym AIM2 INFLAMMASOME
Project Cytosolic recognition of foreign nucleic acids: Molecular and functional characterization of AIM2, a central player in DNA-triggered inflammasome activation
Researcher (PI) Veit Hornung
Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM BONN
Summary Host cytokines, chemokines and type I IFNs are critical effectors of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial pathogens. Several classes of germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors have been identified, which sense non-self nucleic acids and trigger these responses. Recently NLRP-3, a member of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, has been shown to sense endogenous danger signals, environmental insults and the DNA viruses adenovirus and HSV. Activation of NLRP-3 induces the formation of a large multiprotein complex in cells termed inflammasome , which controls the activity of pro-caspase-1 and the maturation of pro-IL-1² and pro-IL18 into their active forms. NLRP-3, however, does not regulate these responses to double stranded cytosolic DNA. We identified the cytosolic protein AIM2 as the missing receptor for cytosolic DNA. AIM2 contains a HIN200 domain, which binds to DNA and a pyrin domain, which associates with the adapter molecule ASC to activate both NF-ºB and caspase-1. Knock down of AIM2 down-regulates caspase-1-mediated IL-1² responses following DNA stimulation or vaccinia virus infection. Collectively, these observations demonstrate that AIM2 forms an inflammasome with the DNA ligand and ASC to activate caspase-1. Our underlying hypothesis for this proposal is that AIM2 plays a central role in host-defence to cytosolic microbial pathogens and also in DNA-triggered autoimmunity. The goals of this research proposal are to further characterize the DNA ligand for AIM2, to explore the molecular mechanisms of AIM2 activation, to define the contribution of AIM2 to host-defence against viral and bacterial pathogens and to assess its function in nucleic acid triggered autoimmune disease. The characterization of AIM2 and its role in innate immunity could open new avenues in the advancement of immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune disease.
Host cytokines, chemokines and type I IFNs are critical effectors of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial pathogens. Several classes of germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors have been identified, which sense non-self nucleic acids and trigger these responses. Recently NLRP-3, a member of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, has been shown to sense endogenous danger signals, environmental insults and the DNA viruses adenovirus and HSV. Activation of NLRP-3 induces the formation of a large multiprotein complex in cells termed inflammasome , which controls the activity of pro-caspase-1 and the maturation of pro-IL-1² and pro-IL18 into their active forms. NLRP-3, however, does not regulate these responses to double stranded cytosolic DNA. We identified the cytosolic protein AIM2 as the missing receptor for cytosolic DNA. AIM2 contains a HIN200 domain, which binds to DNA and a pyrin domain, which associates with the adapter molecule ASC to activate both NF-ºB and caspase-1. Knock down of AIM2 down-regulates caspase-1-mediated IL-1² responses following DNA stimulation or vaccinia virus infection. Collectively, these observations demonstrate that AIM2 forms an inflammasome with the DNA ligand and ASC to activate caspase-1. Our underlying hypothesis for this proposal is that AIM2 plays a central role in host-defence to cytosolic microbial pathogens and also in DNA-triggered autoimmunity. The goals of this research proposal are to further characterize the DNA ligand for AIM2, to explore the molecular mechanisms of AIM2 activation, to define the contribution of AIM2 to host-defence against viral and bacterial pathogens and to assess its function in nucleic acid triggered autoimmune disease. The characterization of AIM2 and its role in innate immunity could open new avenues in the advancement of immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune disease.
Project acronym ANGIOMET
Project Angiogenesis-metabolism crosstalk in vascular homeostasis and disease
Researcher (PI) Michael Potente
Summary "Blood vessels pervade all tissues in the body to supply nutrients and oxygen. Aberrant vessel growth and function are hallmarks of cancer and cardiovascular diseases and they contribute to disease pathogenesis. Antiangiogenic therapeutics have reached the clinic, but limited efficacy and resistance raise unresolved challenges. The current limitations of angiogenic medicine call for a more integrated understanding of the angiogenic process that focuses not only on the instigators of vessel branching but also on mechanisms that sustain vessel growth. Recent insights into fundamental aspects of cell growth move metabolism into spotlight and establish how proliferating cells reprogram their metabolism to provide energy and building blocks for cell replication. During angiogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs) also convert between growth states: although mostly quiescent in adult tissues, ECs divide and migrate rapidly upon angiogenic stimulation. To allow growth of new vessel branches, ECs therefore need to adjust their metabolism to increase energy production and biosynthetic activity. However, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate EC metabolism with angiogenic signalling are not known to date. In this proposal, we put forth the hypothesis that metabolic regulation is a key component of the endothelial angiogenic machinery that is required to sustain vessel growth. Thus, this proposal aims (I) to define transcriptional circuits that link EC growth with metabolism, (II) to explore the regulation of these transcriptional networks by lysine acetylation, a nutrient-regulated protein modification with key functions in metabolism, and (III) to assess the role of sirtuin deacetylases for sensing endothelial energetics during vascular growth. Understanding the principles of angiogenesis-metabolism crosstalk will not only yield novel insights into the basic mechanisms of vessel formation but will also provide unprecedented opportunities for future drug development."
"Blood vessels pervade all tissues in the body to supply nutrients and oxygen. Aberrant vessel growth and function are hallmarks of cancer and cardiovascular diseases and they contribute to disease pathogenesis. Antiangiogenic therapeutics have reached the clinic, but limited efficacy and resistance raise unresolved challenges. The current limitations of angiogenic medicine call for a more integrated understanding of the angiogenic process that focuses not only on the instigators of vessel branching but also on mechanisms that sustain vessel growth. Recent insights into fundamental aspects of cell growth move metabolism into spotlight and establish how proliferating cells reprogram their metabolism to provide energy and building blocks for cell replication. During angiogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs) also convert between growth states: although mostly quiescent in adult tissues, ECs divide and migrate rapidly upon angiogenic stimulation. To allow growth of new vessel branches, ECs therefore need to adjust their metabolism to increase energy production and biosynthetic activity. However, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate EC metabolism with angiogenic signalling are not known to date. In this proposal, we put forth the hypothesis that metabolic regulation is a key component of the endothelial angiogenic machinery that is required to sustain vessel growth. Thus, this proposal aims (I) to define transcriptional circuits that link EC growth with metabolism, (II) to explore the regulation of these transcriptional networks by lysine acetylation, a nutrient-regulated protein modification with key functions in metabolism, and (III) to assess the role of sirtuin deacetylases for sensing endothelial energetics during vascular growth. Understanding the principles of angiogenesis-metabolism crosstalk will not only yield novel insights into the basic mechanisms of vessel formation but will also provide unprecedented opportunities for future drug development."
Project acronym APOQUANT
Project The quantitative Bcl-2 interactome in apoptosis: decoding how cancer cells escape death
Researcher (PI) Ana Jesús García Sáez
Host Institution (HI) EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN
Summary The proteins of the Bcl-2 family function as key regulators of apoptosis by controlling the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane. They form an intricate, fine-tuned interaction network which is altered in cancer cells to avoid cell death. Currently, we do not understand how signaling within this network, which combines events in cytosol and membranes, is orchestrated to decide the cell fate. The main goal of this proposal is to unravel how apoptosis signaling is integrated by the Bcl-2 network by determining the quantitative Bcl-2 interactome and building with it a mathematical model that identifies which interactions determine the overall outcome. To this aim, we have established a reconstituted system for the quantification of the interactions between Bcl-2 proteins not only in solution but also in membranes at the single molecule level by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). (1) This project aims to quantify the relative affinities between an reconstituted Bcl-2 network by FCS. (2) This will be combined with quantitative studies in living cells, which include the signaling pathway in its entirety. To this aim, we will develop new FCS methods for mitochondria. (3) The structural and dynamic aspects of the Bcl-2 network will be studied by super resolution and live cell microscopy. (4) The acquired knowledge will be used to build a mathematical model that uncovers how the multiple interactions within the Bcl-2 network are integrated and identifies critical steps in apoptosis regulation. These studies are expected to broaden the general knowledge about the design principles of cellular signaling as well as how cancer cells alter the Bcl-2 network to escape cell death. This systems analysis will allow us to predict which perturbations in the Bcl-2 network of cancer cells can switch signaling towards cell death. Ultimately it could be translated into clinical applications for anticancer therapy.
The proteins of the Bcl-2 family function as key regulators of apoptosis by controlling the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane. They form an intricate, fine-tuned interaction network which is altered in cancer cells to avoid cell death. Currently, we do not understand how signaling within this network, which combines events in cytosol and membranes, is orchestrated to decide the cell fate. The main goal of this proposal is to unravel how apoptosis signaling is integrated by the Bcl-2 network by determining the quantitative Bcl-2 interactome and building with it a mathematical model that identifies which interactions determine the overall outcome. To this aim, we have established a reconstituted system for the quantification of the interactions between Bcl-2 proteins not only in solution but also in membranes at the single molecule level by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). (1) This project aims to quantify the relative affinities between an reconstituted Bcl-2 network by FCS. (2) This will be combined with quantitative studies in living cells, which include the signaling pathway in its entirety. To this aim, we will develop new FCS methods for mitochondria. (3) The structural and dynamic aspects of the Bcl-2 network will be studied by super resolution and live cell microscopy. (4) The acquired knowledge will be used to build a mathematical model that uncovers how the multiple interactions within the Bcl-2 network are integrated and identifies critical steps in apoptosis regulation. These studies are expected to broaden the general knowledge about the design principles of cellular signaling as well as how cancer cells alter the Bcl-2 network to escape cell death. This systems analysis will allow us to predict which perturbations in the Bcl-2 network of cancer cells can switch signaling towards cell death. Ultimately it could be translated into clinical applications for anticancer therapy.
Project acronym AppSAM
Project A Flexible Platform for the Application of SAM-dependent enzymes
Researcher (PI) Jennifer Nina ANDEXER
Summary AppSAM will unlock the synthetic capability of S-adenosyl¬methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases and radical SAM enzymes for application in environmentally friendly and fully sustainable reactions. The biotechnological application of these enzymes will provide access to chemo-, regio- and stereoselective methylations and alkylations, as well as to a wide range of complex rearrangement reactions that are currently not possible through traditional approaches. Methylation reactions are of particular interest due to their importance in epigenetics, cancer metabolism and the development of novel pharmaceuticals. As chemical methylation methods often involve toxic compounds and rarely exhibit the desired selectivity and specificity, there is an urgent need for new, environmentally friendly methodologies. The proposed project will meet these demands by the provision of modular in vitro and in vivo systems that can be tailored to specific applications. In the first phase of AppSAM, efficient in vitro SAM-regeneration systems will be developed for use with methyltransferases as well as radical SAM enzymes. To achieve this aim, enzymes from different biosynthetic pathways will be combined in multi-enzyme cascades; methods from enzyme and reaction engineering will be used for optimisation. The second phase of AppSAM will address the application on a preparative scale. This will include the isolation of pure product from the in vitro systems, reactions using immobilised enzymes and extracts from in vivo productions. In addition to E. coli, the methylotrophic bacterium Methylobacter extorquens AM1 will be used as a host for the in vivo systems. M. extorquens can use C1 building blocks such as methanol as the sole carbon source, thereby initiating the biotechnological methylation process from a green source material and making the process fully sustainable, as well as being compatible with an envisaged "methanol economy".
AppSAM will unlock the synthetic capability of S-adenosyl¬methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases and radical SAM enzymes for application in environmentally friendly and fully sustainable reactions. The biotechnological application of these enzymes will provide access to chemo-, regio- and stereoselective methylations and alkylations, as well as to a wide range of complex rearrangement reactions that are currently not possible through traditional approaches. Methylation reactions are of particular interest due to their importance in epigenetics, cancer metabolism and the development of novel pharmaceuticals. As chemical methylation methods often involve toxic compounds and rarely exhibit the desired selectivity and specificity, there is an urgent need for new, environmentally friendly methodologies. The proposed project will meet these demands by the provision of modular in vitro and in vivo systems that can be tailored to specific applications. In the first phase of AppSAM, efficient in vitro SAM-regeneration systems will be developed for use with methyltransferases as well as radical SAM enzymes. To achieve this aim, enzymes from different biosynthetic pathways will be combined in multi-enzyme cascades; methods from enzyme and reaction engineering will be used for optimisation. The second phase of AppSAM will address the application on a preparative scale. This will include the isolation of pure product from the in vitro systems, reactions using immobilised enzymes and extracts from in vivo productions. In addition to E. coli, the methylotrophic bacterium Methylobacter extorquens AM1 will be used as a host for the in vivo systems. M. extorquens can use C1 building blocks such as methanol as the sole carbon source, thereby initiating the biotechnological methylation process from a green source material and making the process fully sustainable, as well as being compatible with an envisaged "methanol economy".
Project acronym assemblyNMR
Project 3D structures of bacterial supramolecular assemblies by solid-state NMR
Researcher (PI) Adam Lange
Host Institution (HI) FORSCHUNGSVERBUND BERLIN EV
Summary Supramolecular assemblies – formed by the self-assembly of hundreds of protein subunits – are part of bacterial nanomachines involved in key cellular processes. Important examples in pathogenic bacteria are pili and type 3 secretion systems (T3SS) that mediate adhesion to host cells and injection of virulence proteins. Structure determination at atomic resolution of such assemblies by standard techniques such as X-ray crystallography or solution NMR is severely limited: Intact T3SSs or pili cannot be crystallized and are also inherently insoluble. Cryo-electron microscopy techniques have recently made it possible to obtain low- and medium-resolution models, but atomic details have not been accessible at the resolution obtained in these studies, leading sometimes to inaccurate models. I propose to use solid-state NMR (ssNMR) to fill this knowledge-gap. I could recently show that ssNMR on in vitro preparations of Salmonella T3SS needles constitutes a powerful approach to study the structure of this virulence factor. Our integrated approach also included results from electron microscopy and modeling as well as in vivo assays (Loquet et al., Nature 2012). This is the foundation of this application. I propose to extend ssNMR methodology to tackle the structures of even larger or more complex homo-oligomeric assemblies with up to 200 residues per monomeric subunit. We will apply such techniques to address the currently unknown 3D structures of type I pili and cytoskeletal bactofilin filaments. Furthermore, I want to develop strategies to directly study assemblies in a native-like setting. As a first application, I will study the 3D structure of T3SS needles when they are complemented with intact T3SSs purified from Salmonella or Shigella. The ultimate goal of this proposal is to establish ssNMR as a generally applicable method that allows solving the currently unknown structures of bacterial supramolecular assemblies at atomic resolution.
Supramolecular assemblies – formed by the self-assembly of hundreds of protein subunits – are part of bacterial nanomachines involved in key cellular processes. Important examples in pathogenic bacteria are pili and type 3 secretion systems (T3SS) that mediate adhesion to host cells and injection of virulence proteins. Structure determination at atomic resolution of such assemblies by standard techniques such as X-ray crystallography or solution NMR is severely limited: Intact T3SSs or pili cannot be crystallized and are also inherently insoluble. Cryo-electron microscopy techniques have recently made it possible to obtain low- and medium-resolution models, but atomic details have not been accessible at the resolution obtained in these studies, leading sometimes to inaccurate models. I propose to use solid-state NMR (ssNMR) to fill this knowledge-gap. I could recently show that ssNMR on in vitro preparations of Salmonella T3SS needles constitutes a powerful approach to study the structure of this virulence factor. Our integrated approach also included results from electron microscopy and modeling as well as in vivo assays (Loquet et al., Nature 2012). This is the foundation of this application. I propose to extend ssNMR methodology to tackle the structures of even larger or more complex homo-oligomeric assemblies with up to 200 residues per monomeric subunit. We will apply such techniques to address the currently unknown 3D structures of type I pili and cytoskeletal bactofilin filaments. Furthermore, I want to develop strategies to directly study assemblies in a native-like setting. As a first application, I will study the 3D structure of T3SS needles when they are complemented with intact T3SSs purified from Salmonella or Shigella. The ultimate goal of this proposal is to establish ssNMR as a generally applicable method that allows solving the currently unknown structures of bacterial supramolecular assemblies at atomic resolution.
Project acronym ASYMMEM
Project Lipid asymmetry: a cellular battery?
Researcher (PI) André NADLER
Summary It is a basic textbook notion that the plasma membranes of virtually all organisms display an asymmetric lipid distribution between inner and outer leaflets far removed from thermodynamic equilibrium. As a fundamental biological principle, lipid asymmetry has been linked to numerous cellular processes. However, a clear mechanistic justification for the continued existence of lipid asymmetry throughout evolution has yet to be established. We propose here that lipid asymmetry serves as a store of potential energy that is used to fuel energy-intense membrane remodelling and signalling events for instance during membrane fusion and fission. This implies that rapid, local changes of trans-membrane lipid distribution rather than a continuously maintained out-of-equilibrium situation are crucial for cellular function. Consequently, new methods for quantifying the kinetics of lipid trans-bilayer movement are required, as traditional approaches are mostly suited for analysing quasi-steady-state conditions. Addressing this need, we will develop and employ novel photochemical lipid probes and lipid biosensors to quantify localized trans-bilayer lipid movement. We will use these tools for identifying yet unknown protein components of the lipid asymmetry regulating machinery and analyse their function with regard to membrane dynamics and signalling in cell motility. Focussing on cell motility enables targeted chemical and genetic perturbations while monitoring lipid dynamics on timescales and in membrane structures that are well suited for light microscopy. Ultimately, we aim to reconstitute lipid asymmetry as a driving force for membrane remodelling in vitro. We expect that our work will break new ground in explaining one of the least understood features of the plasma membrane and pave the way for a new, dynamic membrane model. Since the plasma membrane serves as the major signalling hub, this will have impact in almost every area of the life sciences.
It is a basic textbook notion that the plasma membranes of virtually all organisms display an asymmetric lipid distribution between inner and outer leaflets far removed from thermodynamic equilibrium. As a fundamental biological principle, lipid asymmetry has been linked to numerous cellular processes. However, a clear mechanistic justification for the continued existence of lipid asymmetry throughout evolution has yet to be established. We propose here that lipid asymmetry serves as a store of potential energy that is used to fuel energy-intense membrane remodelling and signalling events for instance during membrane fusion and fission. This implies that rapid, local changes of trans-membrane lipid distribution rather than a continuously maintained out-of-equilibrium situation are crucial for cellular function. Consequently, new methods for quantifying the kinetics of lipid trans-bilayer movement are required, as traditional approaches are mostly suited for analysing quasi-steady-state conditions. Addressing this need, we will develop and employ novel photochemical lipid probes and lipid biosensors to quantify localized trans-bilayer lipid movement. We will use these tools for identifying yet unknown protein components of the lipid asymmetry regulating machinery and analyse their function with regard to membrane dynamics and signalling in cell motility. Focussing on cell motility enables targeted chemical and genetic perturbations while monitoring lipid dynamics on timescales and in membrane structures that are well suited for light microscopy. Ultimately, we aim to reconstitute lipid asymmetry as a driving force for membrane remodelling in vitro. We expect that our work will break new ground in explaining one of the least understood features of the plasma membrane and pave the way for a new, dynamic membrane model. Since the plasma membrane serves as the major signalling hub, this will have impact in almost every area of the life sciences.
Project acronym BBRhythms
Project Brain and body rhythms: on the relationship between movement and percept
Researcher (PI) Barbara Haendel
Host Institution (HI) JULIUS-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT WURZBURG
Summary Exciting findings from animal electrophysiological research in the last years suggest that an increased rate of body movements results in an enhanced response of neurons within the visual system despite the absence of visual changes. It is unclear why such modulation occurs in areas which process visual input. In humans, little is known about the influence of body movements on sensory brain areas mainly due to the technical challenges of measuring brain responses during pronounced muscle activity. However, psychophysical studies in humans show that also percept and perceptual demands are connected to the rate of movements. These two lines of evidence suggest a general link between rhythmic body movements and perceptual processes. The main aim of the proposed research is to decode the relationship between body movements and percept and to identify the underlying mechanism. To this end human non-invasive recordings from electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG, MEG) as well as invasive human and animal multi-electrode recordings collected during movement execution will be analyzed. Directly relating perceptual processes and their underlying neuronal oscillations to rhythmic body movements offers an approach circumventing some of the methodological problems. This research could uncover a new mechanism of how our system modulates perceptual processes through body movements. The proof of such a mechanism would constitute a ground-breaking step in understanding perception during natural behavior. We need to keep in mind that in the awake state our body is constantly in motion. However, up to now, the vast majority of studies which investigate sensory brain responses are conducted under strict movement suppression. Besides facilitating exciting new insights, this research can strengthen the assumption that the knowledge we have gathered about artificial situations generalizes to our natural behavior.
Exciting findings from animal electrophysiological research in the last years suggest that an increased rate of body movements results in an enhanced response of neurons within the visual system despite the absence of visual changes. It is unclear why such modulation occurs in areas which process visual input. In humans, little is known about the influence of body movements on sensory brain areas mainly due to the technical challenges of measuring brain responses during pronounced muscle activity. However, psychophysical studies in humans show that also percept and perceptual demands are connected to the rate of movements. These two lines of evidence suggest a general link between rhythmic body movements and perceptual processes. The main aim of the proposed research is to decode the relationship between body movements and percept and to identify the underlying mechanism. To this end human non-invasive recordings from electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG, MEG) as well as invasive human and animal multi-electrode recordings collected during movement execution will be analyzed. Directly relating perceptual processes and their underlying neuronal oscillations to rhythmic body movements offers an approach circumventing some of the methodological problems. This research could uncover a new mechanism of how our system modulates perceptual processes through body movements. The proof of such a mechanism would constitute a ground-breaking step in understanding perception during natural behavior. We need to keep in mind that in the awake state our body is constantly in motion. However, up to now, the vast majority of studies which investigate sensory brain responses are conducted under strict movement suppression. Besides facilitating exciting new insights, this research can strengthen the assumption that the knowledge we have gathered about artificial situations generalizes to our natural behavior.


Fresh off delivering one of the biggest club anthems in recent years, Grammy nominees and and fast-rising UK producer, CamelPhat & Cristoph, have again joined forces to reveal the anticipated official video for 'Breathe'.
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PrevPreviousDon Diablo edits "King Of My Castle", taken over by talented Keanu Silva.


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Each container is UNIQUE and Different! WHAT FUN!


All guest rooms at Serenity Makadi Heights feature satellite TV, international direct dial telephone and an en suite bathroom. All rooms have a large balcony or terrace providing views across the lagoon pool or the sea.
Serenity Heights provides a wide range of dining options, with restaurants serving Italian, Chinese and Japanese cuisines, as well as freshly-caught seafood. There are several bars, including the beach bar and the Bedouin café.
The hotel benefits from extensive recreation facilities, including tennis courts, billiards tables, a fitness centre and massage facilities. The hotel is 500 metres from the Madinat-Makadi Golf Course and there is also an on-site dive school.
Serenity Makadi Heights is 36 km from Hurghada International Airport and a shuttle service is available.
Restaurant, Bar, 24-Hour Front Desk, Non-Smoking Rooms, Family Rooms, Safety Deposit Box, Air conditioning, Private Beach Area, Restaurant (buffet), Snack Bar.
Tennis Court, Fitness Centre, Billiards, Table Tennis, Outdoor Swimming Pool, Outdoor Swimming Pool (all year).
Laundry, ATM/Cash Machine on site, Entertainment Staff.
Internet via modem is available in the entire hotel and costs USD 15 per hour.
These are general hotel policies for Serenity Makadi Heights.


text:
The Bella Knit Top Sewing Pattern
The Bella Knit Top
Another easy pattern to sew with a neckline twist! I designed the Bella Knit Top sewing pattern to be sewn with knits for comfort and coordinate with A Touch of Couture Lace Embroidery Collection, Regardless if you add embroidery, this knit top is trendy and easy to sew! slightly fitted in the bust area and looser in the waist and hip area with a flattering curved hemline. Different than my other knit top patterns, this one has a v-neckline with facing instead of a ribbed collar band.
Although there are two sleeve options, I named the pattern after the bell-like sleeve which is fitted in the bicep area and then bells out in the wrist area, hemmed with an elastic casing.
I have sewn this version with rayon jersey knit for the body and mesh for the sleeve. The short sleeve version offers a loose, flowing sleeve and a chiffon fabric is a great choice. I am just finishing a few more Bella Knit Tops and will share photos next week with a few tutorials on sewing and embroidering this trendy top.
The Bella Knit Top sewing pattern is available in instant digital download format or the paper version with spiral notebook mailed to your home.
NOTE: The Bella Knit Top PDF version is included FREE with the The Touch of Couture Embroidery Collection.
The Bella Knit Top #AW2009
Available in Misses Sizes 0 – 18 and Plus Sizes 16W – 36W
Skill Level: Beginner / Intermediate
Knit fabric, fusible interfacing, 3/16″ wide twill tape, 1/2″ wide elastic
Knit Fabric with at least 3% lycra / spandex: Jersey Knit, Rayon Knit, Crepe Knit, Bamboo Knit, Pont Knit, Stretch Velvet
Additional Fabric Options for Long Sleeve: Mesh, Tulle, Stretch Silk Chiffon,
Additional Fabric Options for Short Sleeve: Silk Chiffon, Poly Chiffon
Leave a Comment for a Chance to Win The Bella Knit Top Sewing Pattern
If you would like to win the Bella pattern in paper or PDF format, leave a comment below and let me know what fabric you would sew your top out of. You can also leave a comment on Facebook and Instagram for extra chances to win. I will draw 1 random winner from EACH location during Behind the Scenes live Facebook and YouTube Show Wednesday, January 6, 2021 at 1:30pm Eastern. Good luck!
If you have already sewn up the Bella, be sure to share photos and I will feature you on the show.
Discount on Supplies Needed to Sew & Embroidery the Bella Knit Top
Get 20% OFF patterns, fabric, and sewing supplies at www.AngelaWolfPatterns.com
with coupon code NEWYEARS20 (expires at midnight EDT 1/6/2021)
Tailor's Clapper for pressing up the hem allowances.
1/2″ Wide Elastic for the wrist finish on the long sleeve version.
Softloc Wooly Poly serger / coverstitch looper thread
New Virtual Class Saturday, January 16, 2021 at NOON Eastern
Sewing, Fitting, and Designing Knit Tops with Angela Wolf – 3 Hour Virtual Class
Angela will start by sharing a few fitting tips for knit tops including bust, hip, gapping neckline, working with darts, and bicep adjustments to name a few.
She will then teach techniques for sewing and hemming knits with a sewing machine, serger, and coverstitch machine.
Lastly, she will then show how to take a simple t-shirt pattern and design different styles including:
Altering body styles
Sleeve variations
bell sleeve
gathered sleeve
flowy short sleeve
Collar variations
twisted neckline
sporty v-neck
cape style turtleneck
This is a 3 hour live virtual class with time for Q&A and the replay will be available for 30 days. Click here to register.
Click Here to Register for the Class ~ Space is Limited
← The Lacy Knit Top Sewing Pattern The Delila Knit Top Pattern →
by Angela Wolf | December 22, 2021 | Behind the Scene LIVE, Fashion Sewing, Restyling, Sewing, Sewing Projects | 2 Comments
by Angela | December 17, 2021 | At Your Side Virtually!, Home Dec, Sewing Projects | 0 Comments
by Angela | December 9, 2021 | Fashion Sewing | 135 Comments
by Angela | December 9, 2021 | At Your Side Virtually!, Embroidery, Home Dec | 1 Comment
by Angela | October 6, 2021 | Fashion Sewing | 85 Comments
by Angela | September 2, 2021 | At Your Side Virtually!, Embroidery, Home Dec | 2 Comments
by Angela | September 2, 2021 | Fashion Sewing, Online Classes, Patterns | 89 Comments
by Angela | September 2, 2021 | Behind the Scene LIVE, Fashion Sewing, Sewalong, Sewing, Sewing Projects | 2 Comments
by Angela | August 31, 2021 | At Your Side Virtually!, Fashion Sewing, Sewing Projects, Tutorials | 1 Comment
SHANNON FABRIC GIVEAWAY!
by Angela | August 22, 2021 | Fashion Sewing | 245 Comments
SHANNON FABRIC GIVEAWAY! Are you looking for an amazingly SOFT fabric?!? SHANNON FABRICS was a sponsor on It's Sew Easy tv and continues to inspire us with gorgeous fabrics. This new batch of fabric is called LUXE CUDDLE and the colors are so fun! If you look...
Deanna Rego	on January 8, 2021 at 11:40 am
I think this pattern might turn me into a clothes maker. I'm a quilter and I haven't made clothing since my daughter was a child, (26 now).
Linda Chessell	on January 6, 2021 at 4:02 pm
Brenda Schuette	on January 7, 2021 at 8:32 am
This a great pattern that is easy to hack. Love all the patterns I've gotten so far.
Arlene	on January 6, 2021 at 2:57 pm
Love to win this!
Susan Wood	on January 6, 2021 at 1:58 pm
Beautiful Top! I need to make this.
Jackye bowen	on January 6, 2021 at 11:02 am
Cute top pattern! I've never had sleeves like that and would love to learn how!
Roberta Manna	on January 5, 2021 at 9:41 pm
This looks great would love to play with this, and make a couple out of different fabrics a jersey knit and bamboo would be nice I am sure
Billie Meents	on January 5, 2021 at 9:38 pm
Really nice top, just what I need to add to my wardrobe!
Annette Luzius	on January 6, 2021 at 5:52 pm
Love this one. The sleeves are so pretty and so is the embroidery. Thank you for creating these beautiful patterns
Amy Menges	on January 5, 2021 at 7:07 pm
I would love to sew an embroidered version as you have done. What a fun project!
Cindy Miller	on January 5, 2021 at 7:04 pm
I'd like to try it with a 'not to clingy' knit and use some rhinestones around the neckline to add some sparkle. Maybe use my Scan N Cut to add embellishments. I've never used it yet.
Sandy Guba	on January 5, 2021 at 4:24 pm
Love the Bella top you designed, showing detail to the embroidery work you applied to the sleeves and neckline. Always looking for ideas to add embroidery to clothing.
Dara Dubois	on January 5, 2021 at 1:16 pm
I would make it in a jersey knit with soft lace sleeves. I have all the fabric and sparkles to add. Please pick me!
I love this pattern and would love to win it. I have just started making knit shirts. I would make it in a jersey knit with soft lace sleeves. I have all the fabric and sparkles to add.
Lorraine McKinnon Lash	on January 5, 2021 at 1:04 pm
The Bella is so pretty. I would love to have it.
Marti Hampson	on January 5, 2021 at 12:46 pm
This pattern is fantastic! Love all your patterns!
Daria	on January 5, 2021 at 10:46 am
One of my favorites ❤
Marlene	on January 5, 2021 at 2:21 pm
I've watched a lot about f you on "It's So Easy" and now on the ones with you at home. Would so very much love to win the free pattern giveaway. The Delila
Nancy H Aiken	on January 4, 2021 at 11:56 pm
Don't have that pattern yet, would love to win it.
Cindy Eykamp	on January 4, 2021 at 11:38 pm
I love this design. Would love to give it a try!
Prudy	on January 4, 2021 at 4:54 pm
I own this pattern but haven't sewn it yet. 🥰
Sue Ciechanowski	on January 4, 2021 at 5:53 am
Such a super cute top to embroider on.
Rhonda grallnick	on January 3, 2021 at 10:25 pm
Great top would love to sew it
Darlene Hembree	on January 3, 2021 at 9:33 pm
I love this top! Can't wait to make it!!
Anja Tennant	on January 3, 2021 at 8:07 pm
Would love a chance to make this top, I have found your show to be quite inspiring and has kept me motivated during the lock down we had her in Australia. I would use a dark stretch neckline trim. Thanks again.with a contrast red t
Lynda Verdenik	on January 3, 2021 at 3:46 pm
So cute. I would use rayon Knit or Bamboo Knit.
Peg	on January 3, 2021 at 3:32 pm
Your tops are so elegant and easy. You are gifted, Pattern Princess.
Sandy Perry	on January 3, 2021 at 2:21 pm
Ready to add embroidery to a Bella top!
Stacey Power	on January 3, 2021 at 1:43 pm
Love this top Angela, would love to give it a go.
Christine Marie Grzegorczyk	on January 3, 2021 at 12:57 pm
Love the pattern top! Happy New Year Angela!
Miss you! I hope we can have sewing conference this year!
Kristy McCartney	on January 3, 2021 at 11:30 am
I am so new to this I'm not sure what fabric I would choose, but like movable, breathable fabric….would that be a cotton polyester blend??? The pattern is beautiful and I would like to try it out. Thank you for the opportunity to win the pattern.
Linda Stratton	on January 3, 2021 at 10:47 am
What a great way to start the new year! Thanks Angela…. I'd be thrilled winning any of your patterns.
Becky Piette	on January 3, 2021 at 9:29 am
I love the shape of this pattern. If I won it, I would make from a red textured knit that is waiting in my stash.
Sandra Carrillo	on January 3, 2021 at 9:01 am
I would love to win this top. I would make it in a soft, cotton spandex blend. More than likely since it looks like a quick sew after some beautiful embroidery, I could use it as gifts for the DILs.
Debbie Mirabito	on January 3, 2021 at 8:54 am
I live in knit tops-I'm thinking some cotton jersey.
Jan O'Malley	on January 3, 2021 at 8:50 am
The Bella is super cute! I don't have this pattern yet. 😉
Karen Barnett Foxworth	on January 3, 2021 at 8:16 am
If I won this pattern, I would make it in a rayon knit.
Sharon Bailey	on January 3, 2021 at 7:34 am
Would love to try making the Bella in a lightweight knit.
Chantal leblanc	on January 3, 2021 at 2:38 pm
It's so beautiful!! I'm inspire for valentine day♥♥
Anne Carpenter	on January 3, 2021 at 7:08 am
Cute top. I have a black-and-white print ITY knit I'd use. I inherited my mother-in-law's stash of pretty fabrics, so there are additional possibilities, as well.
Betty Gottl	on January 3, 2021 at 6:51 am
The Bella is the next one I want to try. Looks easy
Diane Freeman Steinberg	on January 3, 2021 at 6:00 am
Love the detailing at sleeves and neckline! I have always used paper patterns.
Judith Waelbrock	on January 3, 2021 at 2:23 am
I would love to win the Bella pattern and make it in a jersey knit. The v- neck and bell sleeve are just my style. I am a size 10 petite, rarely sew clothes for myself and now it is my time!
Mary Ann Tupper	on January 3, 2021 at 2:55 pm
Lisa	on January 3, 2021 at 2:17 am
Love this top! Another top by Angela that I'm sure will be a staple in my wardrobe to join the other tops that I have made and wear all the time such as the Delilah, the Shirley, the ruched T's and the Linda tunic! Guaranteed happy results if I use one of Angela's patterns! I was thinking of using this pretty mauve colored crush velvet I have in my stash.
Brenda	on January 3, 2021 at 1:30 am
This grandma needs that pattern!
Patti	on January 2, 2021 at 11:52 pm
What a gorgeous design! It's very unique as well as stylish! Would love to make this.
Pat	on January 2, 2021 at 11:16 pm
I really like the look of the Bella top.
Debbie	on January 2, 2021 at 10:44 pm
I would love to win the pattern!! I love your patterns!
Brenda Livingston	on January 2, 2021 at 10:43 pm
Always looking for a great easy top! This one looks amazing!
Kathyh	on January 2, 2021 at 9:44 pm
I have the perfect burn-out lace for this top.
Gorgeous top.
Janet Kirby	on January 2, 2021 at 9:34 pm
The Bella top is so cute and versatile. I would love to win this.
Would very much love to win the Bella pattern. Have watched you in so many different shows and have learned a lot. Thanks so much. Keep up the good videos.
Angela Wolf	on January 5, 2021 at 2:41 pm
thanks so much Marlene 🙂
Shirley Nehring	on January 2, 2021 at 8:39 pm
The Bella would look great in a stretch velvet. I'd love to sew one up after I win the paper pattern with the spiral notebook!
Julie Mari	on January 2, 2021 at 8:24 pm
This is such a great shirt. Can't wait to make it!
Iman Mak	on January 2, 2021 at 8:18 pm
You look amazing in it Angela <3
Angela Wolf	on January 3, 2021 at 8:17 am
Thanks so much! 🤗
Lynn	on January 2, 2021 at 8:08 pm
Love this pattern and would be excited to win it, but would really love to win the lace collection that includes this pattern as an extra.
I second the thought! winning the lace collection along with this pattern would be amazing <3
Debby Dunbar	on January 2, 2021 at 8:03 pm
Love the neckline and the versatile sleeve options.
Sandra CUNNINGHAM	on January 2, 2021 at 7:44 pm
This shirt is so elegant and feminine. I would love to make one.
Joanne Eckert	on January 2, 2021 at 7:26 pm
I would love to win the Bella top in a paper pattern. The other you had one on that you made with valet. It looked really cool.
Betty Miloser	on January 2, 2021 at 7:26 pm
Great top, love the design options. Plan on making one.
Judy Scott	on January 2, 2021 at 7:24 pm
I would love this pattern in a pretty dark color knit. I keep buying beautiful knits. Really need to jump in. Thanks for all you do. Love to watch your fishing stories too.
Sherrie Broussard	on January 2, 2021 at 7:24 pm
Oh I would love this one Angela! So cute.
Brenda Campbell	on January 2, 2021 at 7:24 pm
Your designs are awesome
Judith Wize	on January 2, 2021 at 9:51 pm
Love this pattern and the lace embroidery.
Like the fit and the sheer sleeves
Love the embroidery on this one and the fit
Love the embroidery on this one
Pamela walker	on January 2, 2021 at 7:08 pm
I would love this top!
Marlene Mahoney	on January 5, 2021 at 4:43 pm
Great top…. I would love to be the one to sew it up with a paper pattern!
Diana Marlowe	on January 2, 2021 at 6:47 pm
Love to have the paper pattern for the Bella. Let me know what you think
Christine Hall	on January 2, 2021 at 6:35 pm
I have a piece of fabric in my stash that I have been waiting for the right pattern. This is it! SO tickled to stumble on to this pattern.
Paula A Groher	on January 2, 2021 at 6:33 pm
I love the embroidery on this top, this is something I want to work on this year.
Sandra Haselden	on January 2, 2021 at 6:33 pm
How funny. I posted on facebook about the Bella and what fabrics work best. Then followed the link and you answered all Questions.
Patricia Waldrop	on January 2, 2021 at 6:33 pm
Love the pattern
Linda Peterson	on January 2, 2021 at 6:28 pm
I really like the V neck
Lisbeth	on January 2, 2021 at 6:27 pm
I would make the Bella in a very beautifull slik i have had for maybe 5 years ❤ I think the pattern is just for the silk ❤
April	on January 2, 2021 at 6:18 pm
Angela beautiful top that would be amazing to win. Thanks !
AvaLee Wardwell	on January 2, 2021 at 6:11 pm
I am a new follower. This pattern looks very comfortable.
Welcome to the Wolfpack 🤗🤘 if you are on Facebook join our free Angela Wolf Pattern sewing patterns group too. Let me know if you need a link.
Karen	on January 2, 2021 at 6:06 pm
I'm glad u r discussing this pattern. I have wanted to make it. Love the neckline.
Gwen Boey	on January 2, 2021 at 6:03 pm
OMG. It's beautiful, I'd love to win this pattern 😊🇨🇦
Letha Domina	on January 2, 2021 at 5:47 pm
I really like this top and look forward to making it. Even if I don't win it I plan on buying it soon.
This is a beautiful top. I'd love the pattern.
Jeanette (Jen) Friscia	on January 2, 2021 at 5:42 pm
I would love to win the Bella knit top pattern for my 100% cotton knit fabric for several reasons 1) it's very pretty 2) I just bought a new serger and want to put that along with Angela's knit tops class to good use and 3) the white 100% cotton fabric stash I just found in my closet from years back that I bought in bulk. What a treasure that younger me left current me, lol! I've watched some of Angela's fabric dyeing FB lives and now I have some fabric to try that too. So exciting!
That cotton knit sounds amazing!!! Get the Pyrex out lol!!!
Irene Rudan	on January 2, 2021 at 5:21 pm
Such a great looking top especially with the embroidery on the sleeves. 2021 is the year for me to get better at embroidery
Such a great looking top especially with the embroidery
Mary Louise Smith	on January 2, 2021 at 5:17 pm
I really like this pattern. It is already looser fitting by the waist and hem.
Janet Malwitz	on January 2, 2021 at 5:03 pm
Another fabulous pattern.
Kari Nye	on January 2, 2021 at 5:03 pm
Looks super comfy and could be worn with anything.
Sheryl Lawrence	on January 2, 2021 at 4:51 pm
Love this pattern, would like to try in Pont knit.
Bonita Mcpherren	on January 2, 2021 at 4:49 pm
I love how this looks on you. I would make one out of velvet and one out of soft knit..
Fran	on January 2, 2021 at 4:39 pm
This would make a great addition to my Wolf Pack collection!
Michele Kaveh	on January 2, 2021 at 4:25 pm
Time is our enemy when sewing. I adore this top!! I believe it is flattering to any body shape. I'm sure the lace collection will make this a standout and go to for everything from casual to dressy. Our imaginations can run wild with this!
Anita	on January 2, 2021 at 4:23 pm
Love it! Looks like an easy pattern and embroidery would be nice to do.
Melody Bowman	on January 2, 2021 at 4:20 pm
I've wanted to try an Angela pattern. This looks like one I'd try some bamboo knit that I'm interested in attacking.
Elizabeth	on January 2, 2021 at 4:20 pm
This is a very pretty top
Debbie A Heuchert	on January 2, 2021 at 4:18 pm
Would love to make the Bella, as soon as I get my embroidery machine!
Dianne Young	on January 2, 2021 at 4:18 pm
I would love to win 💕. I have never been successful with knits and yet Angela makes it look sew easy!
Sueann Walter	on January 2, 2021 at 4:02 pm
I have a dark navy fabric with a little bit of print on it that I have been saving for a couple years now. I also like the mesh sleeves. I think it would make a nice top. Thanks for the opportunity.
I love to play with this pattern while using embroidery!!!
Janet Johnson	on January 2, 2021 at 3:57 pm
I live the neckline in this top and would really enjoy giving it a try.
Babette Watterson	on January 2, 2021 at 3:49 pm
I would live the Bella pattern. I have several rayon knits waiting for their turn to be sewn up.
Connie	on January 2, 2021 at 3:39 pm
Love this top!
Nancy Coulson	on January 2, 2021 at 3:35 pm
Pat Wagle	on January 2, 2021 at 3:31 pm
Such a beautiful top, the fit is great. For winter I'd make this in a stretch velvet and bamboo knit for sure.
debbie shull	on January 2, 2021 at 3:15 pm
love it. you look so adorable in it
Wanda Harrison	on January 2, 2021 at 3:10 pm
I'd love to try this top with the short sleeves.
Carol Sorensen	on January 2, 2021 at 3:07 pm
A very basic design that unlimited trims, stitches, embroidery, fabric, dyes, etc can customize this into an always-reach-for.
Arnelle Burroughs	on January 2, 2021 at 2:56 pm
I would love to win the Bella Knit Top. Need to try the embroidery on the sleeves!
I love wearing V neck tops and adding embroidery is just the cat's meow. I would make this in a knit.
Pat Azlin	on January 2, 2021 at 2:44 pm
Karon	on January 2, 2021 at 2:40 pm
I really like this too. The lower styling at the hem area is great.
Rose Donant	on January 2, 2021 at 2:40 pm
Love the embroidery on the belle
CHRISTINE GARDNER	on January 2, 2021 at 2:38 pm
I would make it out of jersey knit to start! all about comfort these days!
Donna Sosa	on January 2, 2021 at 2:34 pm
Super Cute! I need to get this pattern
Susan parisey	on January 2, 2021 at 2:27 pm
I'd like to make this in a nice silky knit.
Lisa Taylor	on January 2, 2021 at 2:26 pm
I love the Bella
Karen Wright-Smith	on January 2, 2021 at 2:24 pm
Beautiful pattern Angela. Just what I need for a "pick me up" for the New Year. I have a beautiful stretch knit to sew it up with. Happy birthday to me!!
Alisa M	on January 2, 2021 at 2:21 pm
I have a bamboo knit I would try it in! It looks lovely!
Jennifer McAroy	on January 2, 2021 at 2:10 pm
YES!!! Now this is something I can use. Love the different options and your ideas.
mary ann hutchinson	on January 2, 2021 at 2:09 pm
This would be a great challenge for me but I'd love to try.
Susan Smith	on January 2, 2021 at 2:08 pm
Great top pattern. It would be so versatile depending on the fabric/embellishment choice.
Geralyn Gough	on January 2, 2021 at 2:01 pm
Love this top. I could use a knit paisley that a friend brought back from France.
Barbara Carrubba	on January 2, 2021 at 1:57 pm
Super cute pattern. I think I would try a stretch velvet for an elegant look!
Margaret	on January 2, 2021 at 1:56 pm
I'm not sure what fabric I would use as I am new to sewing clothes but I want to learn with the new machine I got for Christmas. I would pick a light weight fabric in red.
Robin Rose	on January 2, 2021 at 1:56 pm
I love this top and the embroidery you sewed on it.
Mama Lusco	on January 2, 2021 at 1:56 pm
I love this neckline! I'd like to sew it in bamboo knit.
RoAnn Rayburn	on January 2, 2021 at 1:54 pm
Love this top, very flattering! I would make with a lightweight knit with embroidered full or bell sleeves.
Clovis	on January 2, 2021 at 1:53 pm
I have some knit fabric, but maybe a stretch velvet would look good.
Esther Henry	on January 2, 2021 at 3:27 pm
I love this top. I would probably use some type of rayon knit and embellish it too.
Cheryl M	on January 2, 2021 at 1:49 pm
Looks super cute and comfy. Is it beginner friendly?
It is, there are detailed directions;)
Mary Lou Perez	on January 2, 2021 at 1:49 pm
Oh my gosh I LOVE this top Angela it is so adorable 😍 another winner 👍🏻👍🏻
Great top Angela!
Theresa Harmon	on January 2, 2021 at 1:46 pm
Live all your work. Especially loved meeting you at your shop in July 2015!!
Karen Derbes	on January 2, 2021 at 1:46 pm
What a lovely top! I would use a lightweight ponte knit for the bodice and a matching, somewhat sheer fabric of some sort for the sleeves!
Kelly Sutton	on January 2, 2021 at 2:58 pm
This top is so cute!
Thanks so much Judy 🤗🐟
Rose Weyer	on January 2, 2021 at 1:43 pm
I would love to sew this pattern in a Jersey knit. A great way to start the new year.
JoAnn Clapacs	on January 2, 2021 at 1:42 pm
You are adorable in this top!
Thanks JoAnn 😉
Pam Harrison	on January 2, 2021 at 1:42 pm
The Bella has fabulous sleeve treatments ( thinking mesh) a flattering hem and is a great canvas for embroidery.
irene olsen	on January 2, 2021 at 1:35 pm
This is such a nice pattern,, would love to win it and give it
a try! You are such a big help to so many of us who want to
sew but just dont know how to do all these wonderful things!
Susie Berry	on January 2, 2021 at 1:31 pm
This is probably my favorite of your top patterns. I'd use a soft bamboo knit or rayon with chiffon sleeves.
Vicki D.	on January 2, 2021 at 1:30 pm
Adorable top. And I love it in navy blue! I'm thinking the fabric would have to be something that is not very clingy, so that it's flattering in my midsection area! Lol. 😉
Kim Logan	on January 2, 2021 at 1:28 pm
Love this pattern! I think I would sew this with a beautiful jade green jersey knit with embellishments around the neckline and sleeves, just as you did.
Bonnie Readie	on January 2, 2021 at 1:24 pm
Love this pattern ! You are so generous Angela
Valerie Brown	on January 2, 2021 at 1:24 pm
I will need help with purchasing fabric for this. I've never sewn with knits, so I'm eager to learn. This looks so dressy. I think this would be a great addition to my wardrobe which is mostly t-shirts right now. I need an upgrade!
Ann Jacobson	on January 2, 2021 at 1:23 pm
Love this also
Connie Humphreys	on January 2, 2021 at 1:58 pm
Love the Bella and would love to win it.
Mary Aufderheide	on January 2, 2021 at 1:16 pm
I would love to win the Bella pattern – really like the neckline and sleeves!!
Theresa Russo	on January 2, 2021 at 1:13 pm
I have the perfect jersey knit for that pattern!
Diane Fetters	on January 2, 2021 at 1:11 pm
I haven't yet chosen which of the fabulous knits that I purchased from you I will use for this top.
Carla	on January 2, 2021 at 1:13 pm
Oh a bamboo knit would be great with this pattern.
Terry McMahon	on January 2, 2021 at 1:11 pm
Since I'm mostly a casual dresser I'd make it out of a stretchy knit that looks good with shorts or jeans. Just got a Victory Baby Lock serger for Christmas. I can't wait to make all of your patterns. Thanks.
Lynn Rose	on January 2, 2021 at 1:10 pm
Another beautiful pattern that I would love to win!
Mary Anne Chambers	on January 2, 2021 at 1:07 pm
This top is beautiful, love the sleeves and the way you feature the embroidery on it. I really must try this. Thank you for the inspiration.
I would love to sew this beautiful pattern. Such a great style! Even better with lace
Donna Smith	on January 2, 2021 at 1:05 pm
Wow! Love this pattern. Especially with the long sleeves without the elastic. Would love to win this pattern.
René Bolton	on January 2, 2021 at 1:03 pm
I would make this beautiful top out of a soft flowing knit fabric!
Jean Guenther	on January 2, 2021 at 1:02 pm
Another beautiful top pattern. Love the embroidery!
Carolyn Connolly	on January 2, 2021 at 12:59 pm
I would love to win this pattern!
Joleen Heim	on January 2, 2021 at 1:06 pm
Love this top!! This would be a great WIN!!
Mary Pancake	on January 2, 2021 at 12:55 pm
I would use a rayon knit fabric with this pattern.
Donna Morgan	on January 2, 2021 at 12:54 pm
Very stylin' love the sleeve options and neckline.
I have such a large stash I could find many pieces to sew this top, would love to have the pattern.
Roberta MacKinnon	on January 2, 2021 at 12:51 pm
I would make it out of soft knit fabric I bought at last years SewExpo in Puyallup. I bought it from Vogue Fabrics.
Mari	on January 2, 2021 at 12:50 pm
The shape of this too is so flattering and the embroidery is 🤩 wow!
Cathi	on January 2, 2021 at 12:49 pm
I would like this pattern very much
Danie	on January 2, 2021 at 12:48 pm
I have lot's of lace designs to play with. It would be great to do something soecial such as the Bella!
Renee Saylor	on January 2, 2021 at 1:12 pm
Love this pattern. Very flattering even for somebody like me that is very round. I would use a soft flowing knit.
I would make several colors.
Love love
Theresa hancock	on January 2, 2021 at 12:48 pm
I have knit fabric, would love to sew up.
I have knit fabric, would love to sew this pattern with.
Jessica Redding	on January 2, 2021 at 12:46 pm
Pam Shire	on January 2, 2021 at 12:45 pm
Love the shape of this blouse
Susie Berry	on January 2, 2021 at 12:44 pm
Would love to win anything from Angela!!
Donna Meredith	on January 2, 2021 at 12:43 pm
Love this one
This is such amazing cute pattern. Would love it
Patti Lawler	on January 2, 2021 at 12:41 pm
Love this pattern. The embroidery is wonderful.
Barbara O'Nale	on January 2, 2021 at 12:40 pm
I would love to win the Bella pattern! I have some rayon knit I would use to make it. Thanks for the chance to win such a cute top.
Elaine	on January 2, 2021 at 12:44 pm
I love tops in bamboo. It's soft and breathable. This is a great pattern for all seasons.
Janet K	on January 2, 2021 at 12:40 pm
I would sew this cute pattern in rayon jersey with chiffon sleeves and lace trim for the neckline.
Pat Stoughton	on January 2, 2021 at 12:37 pm
Love this pattern. Thanks for the opportunity to win it.
Alice LaCoste	on January 2, 2021 at 12:36 pm
I have lots in my stash I could use with this pattern!
Esther Domitilia	on January 2, 2021 at 12:35 pm
Love the look and embroider neck and sleeve, love to win this pattern
Deborah	on January 2, 2021 at 12:33 pm
This is an awesome pattern.
Janet sweeden	on January 2, 2021 at 12:40 pm
What a beautiful top I would love to win this
Just love my knits. This pattern looks awesome. Just my type of top!!
Beth	on January 2, 2021 at 12:31 pm
The Bella top looks very comfy.
Lynne Derry	on January 2, 2021 at 12:30 pm
Love love love this pattern! I'm new to sewing with knits so would love advise from all of you!
Lorna	on January 2, 2021 at 12:30 pm
Pretty top!
Judy A Brunsvold	on January 2, 2021 at 12:30 pm
I would love to win this pattern and learn more about sewing with knits
Janet Payne	on January 2, 2021 at 12:29 pm
Love this pattern, want to make one with Embroidery. Thanks for another great pattern
Vicki Ohde	on January 2, 2021 at 12:29 pm
Bella will be my next top to sew. Love the look of the Bella
Mary Ann Allyn	on January 2, 2021 at 12:28 pm
Love this! I think it could be made casual or dressy!
Pam Dicke	on January 2, 2021 at 12:27 pm
Love the new top pattern
Especially like the neckline
I would try it first with ponte knit and then dressier knits
Claudia Deithorn	on January 2, 2021 at 1:15 pm
What a great top! I would use a bamboo knit because they are easy to care for and durable! Thank You!
Love your new pattern
Really like the neckline
I would definitely by Ponte knit
And then try some dressier
Lynn Pike	on January 2, 2021 at 12:25 pm
This top looks great and would love to win it!❤
Cindy Kaminski	on January 2, 2021 at 12:28 pm
Love this Bella pattern
Marion Phillips	on January 2, 2021 at 12:25 pm
Watching It's Sew Easy and loving the Bella.
Helen Jackson	on January 2, 2021 at 12:25 pm
Love this too! Would love to win the pattern.
Tara Hendison	on January 2, 2021 at 12:21 pm
Another beauty to add to the queue!
Cheryl S	on January 2, 2021 at 12:20 pm
I would love to win the Bella. I would sew it in a Rayon Knit.
Tammy Altic	on January 2, 2021 at 12:19 pm
I love this top Angela, can't wait to make it.
Mary	on January 2, 2021 at 12:19 pm
Love love love the sleeve options- especially the long sleeved elastic! Beautiful as always!🥰
Kathleen Walsh	on January 2, 2021 at 12:18 pm
I would use a Bamboo Knit for this top.
Kathy kuhnle	on January 2, 2021 at 12:18 pm
Looks super comfy…always love a new top pattern
Darlene Deck	on January 5, 2021 at 7:32 pm
Angela you really out done yourself. I love the look and can't wait to win. If I say win 3xs and click my heels it will be on its way. Thanks for another great pattern.
Debra K Troyer	on January 2, 2021 at 12:18 pm
very cool top and looks easy to sew up quick!!
Danie Duchesne	on January 5, 2021 at 8:56 pm
Looking at my stash of AW pattern, the Bella, the Linda and the Rachel are missing in my collection! I am looking forward adding any of them!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
St Illtud's Church
The best place to start is at the Information Centre in the TOWN HALL. It was never a town hall, since Llantwit Major never had a charter and had no self-government until the first parish councils were set up. It was originally a court house for the manor of Boverton and Llantwit, and the present building dates from the late 16th century.
The buildings of the Town Square, around the War Memorial which was originally a preaching cross, date from the Tudor period.
The OLD WHITE HART and the OLD SWAN were built as private houses for the Raglan family,
as was the OLD SCHOOL or Knolles Place at the top of the square.
Down the hill, Church Street leads to ST. ILLTUD'S CHURCH, standing on a site where Christ has been worshipped for over 1,500 years. The porch gives entry to the West Church, which contains a fine collection of Celtic stones and effigies of a priest and an Elizabethan lady.
In the East Church, which was added in the 13th century, are interesting wall paintings, a rare Jesse niche, a superb reredos and a range of memorials.
On the hill above the church is the site of a medieval grange, a large farm on land given to Tewkesbury Abbey. The only surviving buildings are the GATEHOUSE and a DOVECOTE. Nearby are the original POLICE STATION and the row of cottages known as HILLHEAD, built originally to house the poor.
On College Street stands PLYMOUTH HOUSE, once the town house of the Stradlings of St. Donats.
The western edge of the town, along West Street and Castle Street, passes an overgrown ruin usually known as the Old Place. It dates from 1596, but was only occupied for about a hundred years.
At the northern end of the old town stands the Great House or Ty Mawr or Upper House, a superb example of a Tudor town house.
Llantwit Major (in Welsh Llanilltud Fawr) is named as the site of the main church of Illtud, one of the founding Saints of the monastic settlements of the 5th century AD in Wales.
Illtud came to this sheltered valley of Hodnant in the last decades of the 5th century. On the Ogney Brook, a mile inland from the sea, close to the site of the present church he founded his monastery.
At its height this was a major centre for education and evangelism in the revived western church, its influence reaching through Cornwall and Devon to Brittany and beyond, led by the students and successors of Illtud, Samson of Dol, Gildas the Wise and Paul Aurelian. Of the nearly thirty churches dedicated to Illtud almost half are in Brittany.
One thousand five hundred years later the church and the town which grew up round it remain. All traces of Illtud's monastery are gone. The present church dates from the period 950 to 1400 AD. Other monastic remains come from the same period, while the earliest secular buildings date from the 15th century.
Before Illtud there were of course the Romans as evidenced by the villa at Caer Mead excavated in 1888. After him and his successors came the Normans.
For almost one thousand years Llantwit was a rural backwater controlled by a small number of wealthy families. They have left behind the principal houses of the town, the Ham, Boverton Place, Old Place (all ruined) and some smaller but inhabited survivals, Great House, Plymouth House, the Court House, and two public houses, the Old White Hart and the Old Swan. These latter flank the main town square, facing the 15th century Town Hall.
Only in the 20th century with the arrival of the RAF at St Athan did the town transform itself from a rural community of a thousand or so into a modern dormitory town some 15 times larger.
In the societies archives and in its publications the people and stories of this long history, from "the Legions to the Luftwaffe", are to be found.
There are no events at this time.
Chairman and Archivist:
Graham Phillimore
Our annual lecture programme runs from September to April, lectures are given in the Llantonian Hall on the second Wednesday of each month at 7.30 pm., with refreshments provided in December and April (AGM) meetings.
© 2017 Llantwit Major History Society
Website Design by www.majorwebdesign.co.uk


text:
Cambridgeshire Constabulary
What happened when police were called to a huge car meet
The whole county was under a dispersal order because of the planned meet
The car meet in Peterborough (Image: Policing Peterborough)
Hundreds of drivers congregated at a Cambridgeshire car park for a meet that caught the eye of police officers.
The large meet took place at Fair Meadow Car Park in Peterborough last night (Saturday August 24), with the prospect of the event having previously prompted police to enforce a countywide dispersal order.
Police say they received only three calls from members of the public relating to the car meet, between 7pm and 1am this morning (Sunday August 25). One call was in relation to noise and the other two were reports of tyres screeching.
During the event, two dispersal notices were issued, with one vehicle being seized. It will be returned when the dispersal order ends at 10am this morning.
Peterborough Police said: "The act allows us to order the surrender of property used or suspected to be used to cause ASB for the period of the dispersal."
A BMW was also seized for no tax, with police adding that "the driver had made an honest but costly mistake".
The BMW was seized (Image: Policing Peterborough)
Peterborough Police added: "Police deployed on foot to speak with attendees of the event who were very welcoming of the police presence and much like ourselves keen to ensure that the event was as safe as possible.
"We would like to thank those who attended the event for abiding by the rules of the "static" meet whilst at the car park.
Keep up to date with the latest traffic news in our Facebook group
Sick of always being stuck in queues?
Stay one step ahead of the Cambridgeshire traffic with our Cambridgeshire Traffic and Travel Facebook page.
No ads, no spam, just the latest breaking traffic and travel news direct to your Facebook feed, wherever you are.
It's all you need to keep moving while you're out and about, with the latest news and updates from our Cambridge newsroom.
To get to the front of the queue simply click to join the group here.
"It's a fine balance between allowing these events to run safely, reducing anti social behaviour and keeping the public safe. By working together we were able to do this much more effectively."


text:
Brantford & Area Sports Hall of Recognition
Hours and Admissions
Sports Hall Committee
Honouree - Individuals
Honouree - Teams
Inductee
Honouree
2020 Induction Ceremony
Home > Members > Honouree - Individuals > Swimming > Jeff Lee
Jeff Lee was inducted into the Sports Hall in 2020 where he was recognized for his lifetime accomplishments as a builder in swimming for his officiating. "It's a wonderful honour," he said about being inducted for his achievements.
Jeff, who moved from England to Canada over 70 years ago with his family, recognized his love of swimming in 1975 after becoming a parent. He became a swim official at his local YMCA with longtime coach Lillian Peart at that time. In 1978, he transferred to the Brantford Aquatic Club which runs out of the Wayne Gretzky Sports Centre where his son, Jamie Lee, began swimming with him at the age of six. In 1982 Jeff became a Technical Board Member of the Brantford Aquatic Club until 1987 when he became the Aquatic Club President until 1992.
Through 1983 until 1992 Jeff was the Meet Manager in several competitions including; the Brantford Division 1 Championships in 1983/1984, Brantford Canadian Nationals and Youth Nationals Championships Meet in 1985, and Brantford Summer Nationals Olympic Trials in 1992.
In 1992, he was the Starter for the Paralympic Trails and was Meet Referee for all major meets for Brantford and Swim International from 1987 to 2002 which offered a minimum of three meets per year, equaling 45 major meets in Brantford. It was after this time that Jeff became a Canadian Master Swim Official in 1989. He was the Canadian National Starter from 1990 to 2008 in Long Course and Short Course Championships across Canada. He was also at the Canadian PAN-AM Games in Winnipeg as a Canadian Swim Official in 1999! He was at Canadian Nationals and world level meets across Canada for Short and long Course (38 meets in total) from 1989 to 2008. "My wife Sandy has been by my side for over 54 years, travelling with me the entire time I was officiating. Our vacations together always included my volunteering at a swim meet of some kind. We enjoyed doing that! You meet some amazing people and great swimmers that way," Jeff said.
He was the World FINA Starter from 1999 to 2008 for the PAN-PAC Games in Victoria, Olympic Trails in Montreal four times and represented Canada at FINA Official World Clinics several times travelling throughout Canada, Sydney, Australia and Manchester, England where he and his wife Sandy both tried to fit in time between meets to site-see.
From 1998 until 2000 he became a Swim Canada Technical Chairperson. In 2007, Jeff won The George Jones Memorial Award for his lifetime sports volunteerism by the Brantford Sports Council. "My wife and I strongly believe in volunteering for our community and think it's a wonderful thing for someone to do if they can," he said. He was a member of the Canadian Foresters Volunteer Group from 1982 to 2020 and has been volunteering for the Ontario Lung Association since 2005.
254 N Park St, Brantford, ON N3R 4L1
sportshall@brantford.ca
City of Brantford Sites
City of Brantford
My Brantford
Careers at City of Brantford
Newcomer Connections
Discover Brantford
Discover Brantford Blog
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Switch over to the branch "issue1" when you want to add new commits to it.
Use the checkout command to switch branch.
Switch to the branch "issue1" by doing the following.
This history tree should look like this at the moment.
Once you are on the "issue1" branch, you can start adding commits to it. Let's add the bold text below to myfile.txt and commit the change.
Our history tree will now look like this.


text:
Delphine Arnault's new Louis Vuitton role
French luxury goods group LVMH has announced Delphine Arnault will take a top role at Louis Vuitton – one of the largest luxury brands in the world.
Article | 26 June, 2013 02:45 PM | By Jessica Tasman-Jones
©Getty Images for Dior
Her father, Bernard Arnault, is the chairman and chief executive of LVMH and the wealthiest person in France. The group is responsible for 60 luxury brands that span fashion, watches and champagne.
Arnault, 38, currently works as deputy general manager at Dior – the majority shareholder in LVMH – but will take up her new post in September. Her new position will be similar to her role at Dior.
At 28, Arnault was already a director at LVMH and was the company's second biggest stockholder with 7.5% of shares.
Her brother Antoine is chief executive of Berluti – acquired by LVMH in 1993 – and previously worked as head of communications for Louis Vuitton.
Related terms: Bernard Arnault, Delphine Arnault, Dior, FB News, French family businesses, louis vuitton, luxury goods, FB People, Ownership and Management, Family Business, Governance, LVMH
FB Roundup: LVMH, EssilorLuxottica, Rockefeller Foundation
FB Roundup: LVMH, Williams Racing, Lego
FB Roundup: Swarovski, LVMH, Ferragamo
Arnault family-owned LVMH buys Tiffany & Co for $16 billion
Belmond buy signals launch into experiential luxury for LVMH
Hermes Fund Managers
Hassans International Law Firm
Merrill Lynch Wealth Management
Rothschild Private Banking & Trust
Wilmington Trust
Intertrust Group
Kaiser Partner


text:
Ripple Effect – Classic Learning Test (CLT)
by Ruth Popp   |   Spring 2017
A new college test, and why it's important
"Will this be on the test?" The answer to this critical question forms the landscape of American education—what will be studied, what will be committed to memory, and what will be left behind. Standardized college admissions tests exert enormous influence over the curricula and texts selected by educators from high school down to pre–K. If these decisions stem from a disordered view of what education truly is, the corrupting influence on American education can hardly be overstated.
A BETTER COLLEGE ADMISSIONS TEST EMERGES
THE CLASSIC LEARNING TEST (CLT)
The word "Classic" in the CLT name refers to ideas that have stood the test of time. As the SAT and ACT scramble to remain relevant, this new exam has emerged with a clear vision to reconnect students with the virtue, ethics, and intellectual inheritance of the Western tradition. The descriptors of the CLT test read like advertisements for classical education. The high scorer in each of the three official test cycles to date have been classically educated students.
Students should be helped by their families, communities, and schools to achieve their highest possible levels of knowledge and understanding, to live a rich life undergirded by the greatest ideas, and to be taught virtue, the greatest source of satisfaction. This is why Aristotle famously said, "Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all."
WHAT WENT WRONG WITH THE SAT & ACT?
David Coleman was the "chief architect" of the Common Core Standards—the reengineering of national scholastic standards and, by ripple effect, the curriculum often chosen for the classroom. Now Coleman presides over the newly redesigned SAT, which measures the effectiveness of his earlier project.
On September 22, 2016, Coleman spoke at the National Association for College Admission Counseling conference. In the educational breakout session, "A Conversation with David Coleman," he shed light on the core values underlying the new SAT.
"The revision of the SAT has gotten rid entirely of every vestige, every remainder of the notion that it is an aptitude test … The New SAT is entirely an achievement test."
Coleman stated clearly that the SAT no longer measures aptitude. It is an achievement test—a measure of the content retained after a particular course of study. To which course of study does Coleman refer? Since the Common Core Standards have come under intense fire from dissatisfied parents and educators across the country, both the SAT and ACT have flushed any reference to the Common Core Standards from their websites, but they are certainly implied by the phrase "what students learn in class," a phrase used to describe the content on the SAT. Remember, Coleman was the architect of the Common Core before he took over the SAT.
"Should an exam they take to get into college be different from the work they do in high school? No, it must not be. It should be exactly the same."
According to Coleman, it is no longer fair to ask students to do more than recite facts and ideas they have previously studied. What does "exactly the same" look like? Coleman assures us the new SAT has no "puzzle like questions, tricky things, things that try to surprise and be different than what you've done in the classroom." Coleman described the material appearing in the math section as "elegant, brief problems that are clear to students, that allow them to show their math knowledge easily, that are easily accessible to them. Every extra word should go. Complex distracting situations should go."
Clearly, the Common Core Standards and the new SAT do not expect students to apply their abilities or knowledge in any new or adaptive way. Coleman affirmed that the new SAT would be easier than the old SAT, cutting 70 questions while allowing the same time for completion.
"Why did we get rid of obscure vocabulary words? … Imagine what those words were like for English language learners … It is time for the SAT to be an exam for our most vulnerable students … "
With this statement Coleman reveals the shift that drives every change. The College Board's mission is not to measure the quality or rigor of education, but rather to compromise quality in whatever way necessary to improve equality of access to higher education.
Why is it necessary to lower the standard? The answers suggest acceptance of the idea that the primary objective of education in the U.S. is to be fair to underserved, at-risk populations and equalize opportunity. Coleman tells us it would be unfair to ask students to think critically, to problem-solve through complexity, to identify and eliminate distractors, to test themselves against the higher standards they will encounter as college freshmen.
These lower standards will creep into high schools and below, as parents and educators demand their students be put in front of the kind of low-complexity, basic vocabulary selections featured on the SAT and ACT.
Unite. When thousands of the most highly sought after students register for the CLT exam, more colleges will accept the exam results. When more students read the enduring literature and documents of Western civilization, the moral and civic foundation of the coming generations will be strengthened. We have the power to drive the change. When we stand together, our voices will be heard.
THE MORAL DEBATE
When students sit for the cumulative exam of twelve years of academic preparation, its content sends a powerful message. It has been argued that both the SAT and ACT are important cogs in a machine that perpetuates the philosophy of "value neutral" education.
Many educators bleach out the values inherent in any discussion of depth concerning historical, literary, and scientific endeavor in order to prepare students for a standardized test, requiring only a regurgitation of disconnected facts, or the careful presentation of a "value neutral" argument.
Truth, goodness, and beauty are sacrificed daily at the altar of moral relativism. Once students have accepted the idea that truth does not exist, they have been crippled in their ability to recognize and respond to the One who is Truth.
Our children will work shoulder to shoulder with their peers to secure the blessings of liberty for the next generation. What other students learn will impact their lives and future for better, or worse.
A Better Measure of Success
A Better Admissions Test: Raising the Standard for College Entrance Exams, consolidates concerns that the SAT and ACT rise from a disordered understanding of what it means to be educated. This timely book offers the wisdom of current and former headmasters, professors, and college presidents daring to question the status quo and envision a solid alternative.
A Perfect Challenge
The elusive perfect score, 120, has yet to be achieved. The first student to ace the CLT will receive a full, four- year, tuition, room and board scholarship to any school in the United States to which they gain admission. SEE CLTEXAM.COM
1 David Coleman, "A Conversation with David Coleman" (Education- al breakout session, National Association for College Admission Coun- seling (NACAC) conference, Columbus, Ohio, September 22, 2016)
RUTH POPP earned a B.S. from the United States Naval Academy. Personal growth as an educator led her to the classical education renewal gaining strength across the nation. She currently serves as director and president of the Board for St. Thomas Aquinas Tutorial in Millersville, MD, and on the Board of Academic Advisors for Classic Learning Initiatives. Ruth has 5 daughters.
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Squares are the gates of the world that lead to dreams. From Paris to Rome, from New York to İstanbul, they are the favorites of the world and the heart of each city. The IMT-127 project is being born to bring a new living square to İstanbul.
The location of the project is in the upscale section of Esenyurt neighbor to Bahcesehir district in the European side close to the E5 highway and Ataturk Airport with, high quality and excellent services.
In the middle of the project, there will be Pond which will directly complete the square with an Italian touch.
The project is only 18 km away from the 3rd airport which will be the biggest airport in the world.
The most luxurious hospital (Istinye Liv Hospital) is few steps from the project, also the well-known shopping mall Akbati is only 1.5 km away.
From street performers to water games, from shopping centers to unique cafés and restaurants, the new living center of İstanbul is brought to life in the IMT-127 project.
The location of the project is full of many new residential projects which means that this project has a high investment value.
It's surrounded by many schools and universities.
Adjacent to the metro station that has a connection with the city center.
The project has an area of 67000 m2 with 27 blocks, and all of the blocks will be 7 floors, it consists of 1681 Residential units.
Apartments types available (1 + 0, 1 + 1, 2 + 1, 3, 5 + 1, 4, 5 + 1).
Outdoor and indoor swimming pools, swimming pool for children.
Surveillance Cameras and Integrated Security System.
Payment method: 30% down payment and the rest to be paid in installments for 36 months.


text:
KP Assembly Meets for 13 Minutes
ISLAMABAD, October 20, 2017: The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly was adjourned 13 minutes after the commencement of proceedings due to lack of quorum on Friday, observes Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) in its Daily Factsheet.
Following are key observations of the proceedings during ninth sitting of 26th session:
Members' Participation
The KP Assembly met for 13 minutes.
The sitting started at 1530 hours against the scheduled time of 1500 hours.
The Deputy Speaker chaired the entire sitting as the Speaker was not present.
The Leader of the House (Chief Minister) and the Leader of the Opposition did not attend the sitting.
As many as 17 lawmakers (14%) were present at the start and 16 (13%) at the adjournment of the sitting.
None of the parliamentary leaders attended the sitting.
One minority lawmaker was present.
The House did not take up the legislative business.
Representation and Responsiveness
The House referred a Privilege Motion to the relevant committee.
Order and Institutionalization
Two lawmakers spoke on Points of Order consuming five minutes of the proceedings.
A PPPP lawmaker pointed out the quorum at 1541 hours that led to the adjournment of the sitting.
Orders of the Day was available to the legislators, observers and others.
The attendance of lawmakers was not available to the observers and media.
This daily factsheet is based on direct observation of the KP Assembly proceedings conducted by the United Rural Development Organization (URDO) – a member organization of FAFEN. Errors and omissions are excepted
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