text:
Az izraeli labdarúgó-válogatott (héberül: נבחרת ישראל בכדורגל Nivheret Jiszráél BeKaduregel) Izrael nemzeti csapata, amelyet az izraeli labdarúgó-szövetség (héberül:ההתאחדות לכדורגל בישראל Hahitahdut LeKaduregel BeJiszráél) irányít.

Izrael eddig három konföderáció tagjaként szerepelt a világbajnoki-selejtezőkön. Az Ázsiai Labdarúgó-szövetségben az Óceániai Labdarúgó-szövetségben és az Európai Labdarúgó-szövetségben, ahol 1994 óta szerepel.

Az 1970-es világbajnokságon részt vett. Legnagyobb eredménye pedig az 1964-es Ázsia-kupa győzelem.

A válogatott története
Bár Izrael államot csak 1948-ban alapították, a korábbi Palesztinában már létezett labdarúgó-szövetség, amit 1928-ban alapítottak és 1929-től a FIFA tagja lett. Palesztina játszott is néhány nemzetközi mérkőzést. Először az 1934-es világbajnokság selejtezőiben léptek pályára, ahol 7–1-es vereséget szenvedtek Egyiptom ellen Kairóban. 1948-ban brit közreműködéssel létrehozták Izraelt. Első mérkőzésükre 1948. szeptember 26-án került sor az USA olimpiai válogatottja ellen. A találkozót az amerikaiak nyerték 3–1-re.

Az ázsiai szövetség tagjaként
Izrael 1954 és 1974 között az Ázsiai Labdarúgó-szövetség (AFC) tagja volt. Az arab–izraeli konfliktus következtében az arab országok sokáig nem voltak hajlandók pályára lépni az izraeli labdarúgók ellen. Az 1958-as VB-selejtezőkön valamennyi ellenfele visszalépett, így játék nélkül játszhattak interkontinentális pótselejtezőt Wales ellen. Az 1964-es Ázsia-kupát hasonló visszalépések zavarták meg, ekkor Izrael volt a házigazda. Izrael megnyerte a kupát, ez történetük eddigi egyetlen jelentősebb eredménye. 1968-ban részt vettek az olimpiai játékokon, ahol a negyeddöntőben estek ki Bulgária ellen. 1969-ben történetük első világbajnokságára jutottak ki. Az 1970-es világbajnokságon két döntetlent játszottak Svédország és Olaszország ellen, míg Uruguaytól 2–0-ra kikaptak. 1976-ban ismét részt vettek az olimpiai játékokon és újból a negyeddöntőig jutottak, ezúttal Brazíliától szenvedtek vereséget.

Az óceániai szövetség tagjaként
1974-ben Izraelt egyszerűen kitették az Ázsiai Szövetségből, ettől kezdve Óceánia társult tagjaként működött. Ennek ellenére az 1982-es világbajnokság selejtezőiben az európai zónában szerepeltek. A következő két alkalommal (1986, 1990) az óceániai selejtezőkben indultak. 1989-ben interkontinentális pótselejtezőt játszottak Kolumbia ellen. Az idegenbeli 1–0-s vereség után 0–0-s döntetlen született a visszavágón, így Izrael nem jutott ki a világbajnokságra.

Az európai szövetség tagjaként
1991-ben az UEFA hivatalosan is a soraiba fogadta. Teljes jogú tagok 1994-től kezdődően lettek, 20 évvel azután, hogy elhagyták az Ázsiai szövetséget. Európai mércével kis országnak számítanak, de az 1990-es években szereztek néhány emlékezetes győzelmet. Franciaországot Párizsban győzték le 3–2-re 1993-ban, Ausztriát pedig 5–0-ra hazai pályán 1999-ben a 2000-s Európa-bajnokság selejtezőiben. Utóbbi sorozat végén pótselejtezőt játszottak Dániával, de 8–0-s összesítéssel alulmaradtak. A 2006-os világbajnokság selejtezőiben közel álltak a pótselejtezőt érő második hely megszerzéséhez. Végül a harmadik helyen végeztek Franciaország és az ugyanannyi ponttal záró Svájc mögött. A 10 mérkőzésből négyet megnyertek és hat döntetlent játszottak. Svájc a jobb gólkülönbségének köszönhetően végzett a második helyen.

A 2008-as Európa-bajnokság selejtezőiben az E-csoport 4. helyen végeztek és csak egy ponttal maradtak le az Európa-bajnokságról. Horvátország nyerte a csoportot, a második helyen Oroszország jutott még ki. Mögötte egy ponttal lemaradva Anglia és Izrael azonos pontszámmal végzett. A Horvátországtól elszenvedett hazai 4–3-s vereség egy 13 tétmérkőzésen át tartó veretlenségi sorozatot szakított meg.

A 2010-es világbajnoki selejtezőiben Svájc, Görögország és Lettország után a negyedik helyet szerezték meg. A 2012-es Európa-bajnokság selejtezőiben 10 mérkőzésen 16 pontot szereztek.

A 2014-es világbajnoki selejtezőiben a harmadik helyen végeztek 14 ponttal. Portugália ellen idegenben 1–1-s, odahaza 3–3-s döntetlent értek el.

A 2016-os Európa-bajnokság selejtezőiben Izrael a sorsolást követően a B csoportba került; Belgium, Wales, Bosznia-Hercegovina, Ciprus és Andorra társaságában. Négy győzelemmel, egy döntetlennel és öt vereséggel a negyedik helyen zártak.

Nemzetközi eredmények

 Ázsia-kupa
 Aranyérmes: 1 alkalommal (1964)
 Ezüstérmes: 2 alkalommal (1956, 1960)
 Bronzérmes: 1 alkalommal (1968)

Világbajnoki és Európa-bajnoki szereplés

Világbajnoki szereplés

 Európa-bajnoki szereplés

Ázsia-kupa-szereplés

 Olimpiai szereplés

Az 1988. évi nyári olimpiai játékok óta nem a felnőtt válogatottak indulnak az olimpia labdarúgótornáján, hanem az adott ország U23-as csapata.

Válogatottsági rekordok

Az adatok 2016. március 23. állapotoknak felelnek meg.
  A még aktív játékosok (Félkövérrel) vannak megjelölve.

Legtöbbször pályára lépett játékosok

Legtöbb gólt szerző játékosok

Ismert játékosok

Lásd még
 Izraeli U21-es labdarúgó-válogatott
 Izraeli női labdarúgó-válogatott

Jegyzetek

További információk

 Izreal futballtörténete, 1934–1948–2010; szerk. Nagy Zoltán; Stadion, Balatonalmádi, 2010 (Stadion Hungary issue)

Európai labdarúgó-válogatottak
Valogatott


Tanzania and East Africa aren't only about safaris and trekking. The country offers incredible cultural excursions as well. Click on any of the culture tour destinations in the dropdown list and get ready to see how many ways there are to live in this world.


This year, Ragamala is re-launching with a renewed global focus on promoting the art of North Indian (Hindustani) Classical Music through concerts, community outreach and education programs, workshops and lecture-demonstrations by visiting artists, and online material to benefit students and teachers around the world.
Our theme this year is WOMEN COMPOSERS in Hindustani Music. We will be celebrating the lovely compositions and significant contributions of women composers and musicians over the ages – quite literally, the unsung heroes of our Gharanas. Hope to see you at our concerts. Let's enjoy some Ragas and chai together!


A French national attached to the embassy in New Delhi has left India after being arrested for the illegal possession of drugs, police and sources said on Tuesday.
Isabelle Normand, who heads the Alliance Francaise cultural centre in Chandigarh, was arrested last month with the contraband, KK Indoria, chief of police in neighbouring Himachal Pradesh state's Kullu district told AFP.
"We got a message from the French embassy saying that she is a technical staffer of the French embassy in New Delhi and under the Vienna Convention she enjoys certain rights including immunity from judicial custody.
"An order was (then) passed releasing her," he said.
A spokesman for the French embassy in New Delhi said that Normand had left India and would be replaced soon.
Another source close to the investigation said Normand had been detained with 250 grams (0.55 pounds) of hashish as she was on her way to Himachal Pradesh from Chandigarh.
Indian police, who had registered a preliminary complaint against Normand, let her go after the intervention by the French authorities and because she held a French official passport granting her some diplomatic privileges.
Chandigarh city was designed in the 1950s by European architect Le Corbusier as the new capital of the Indian state of Punjab after Lahore was designated capital of Pakistan following the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947.
Chandigarh at present serves as capital for Punjab and adjoining Haryana state.


text:
/*
 * This an unstable interface of wlroots. No guarantees are made regarding the
 * future consistency of this API.
 */
#ifndef WLR_USE_UNSTABLE
#error "Add -DWLR_USE_UNSTABLE to enable unstable wlroots features"
#endif

#ifndef WLR_TYPES_WLR_OUTPUT_LAYOUT_H
#define WLR_TYPES_WLR_OUTPUT_LAYOUT_H

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <wayland-util.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_box.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_output.h>

struct wlr_output_layout_state;

/**
 * Helper to arrange outputs in a 2D coordinate space. The output effective
 * resolution is used, see wlr_output_effective_resolution.
 *
 * Outputs added to the output layout are automatically exposed to clients (see
 * wlr_output_create_global). They are no longer exposed when removed from the
 * layout.
 */
struct wlr_output_layout {
	struct wl_list outputs;
	struct wlr_output_layout_state *state;

	struct {
		struct wl_signal add;
		struct wl_signal change;
		struct wl_signal destroy;
	} events;

	void *data;
};

struct wlr_output_layout_output_state;

struct wlr_output_layout_output {
	struct wlr_output *output;
	int x, y;
	struct wl_list link;
	struct wlr_output_layout_output_state *state;

	struct {
		struct wl_signal destroy;
	} events;
};

struct wlr_output_layout *wlr_output_layout_create(void);

void wlr_output_layout_destroy(struct wlr_output_layout *layout);

struct wlr_output_layout_output *wlr_output_layout_get(
		struct wlr_output_layout *layout, struct wlr_output *reference);

/**
 * Get the output at the specified layout coordinates. Returns NULL if no
 * output matches the coordinates.
 */
struct wlr_output *wlr_output_layout_output_at(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		double lx, double ly);

/**
 * Add the output to the layout at the specified coordinates. If the output is
 * already part of the output layout, this moves the output.
 */
void wlr_output_layout_add(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *output, int lx, int ly);

void wlr_output_layout_move(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *output, int lx, int ly);

void wlr_output_layout_remove(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *output);

/**
 * Given x and y in layout coordinates, adjusts them to local output
 * coordinates relative to the given reference output.
 */
void wlr_output_layout_output_coords(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *reference, double *lx, double *ly);

bool wlr_output_layout_contains_point(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *reference, int lx, int ly);

bool wlr_output_layout_intersects(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *reference, const struct wlr_box *target_lbox);

/**
 * Get the closest point on this layout from the given point from the reference
 * output. If reference is NULL, gets the closest point from the entire layout.
 */
void wlr_output_layout_closest_point(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *reference, double lx, double ly, double *dest_lx,
		double *dest_ly);

/**
 * Get the box of the layout for the given reference output in layout
 * coordinates. If `reference` is NULL, the box will be for the extents of the
 * entire layout.
 */
struct wlr_box *wlr_output_layout_get_box(
		struct wlr_output_layout *layout, struct wlr_output *reference);

/**
* Add an auto configured output to the layout. This will place the output in a
* sensible location in the layout. The coordinates of the output in the layout
* may adjust dynamically when the layout changes. If the output is already in
* the layout, it will become auto configured. If the position of the output is
* set such as with `wlr_output_layout_move()`, the output will become manually
* configured.
*/
void wlr_output_layout_add_auto(struct wlr_output_layout *layout,
		struct wlr_output *output);

/**
 * Get the output closest to the center of the layout extents.
 */
struct wlr_output *wlr_output_layout_get_center_output(
		struct wlr_output_layout *layout);

enum wlr_direction {
	WLR_DIRECTION_UP = 1,
	WLR_DIRECTION_DOWN = 2,
	WLR_DIRECTION_LEFT = 4,
	WLR_DIRECTION_RIGHT = 8,
};

/**
 * Get the closest adjacent output to the reference output from the reference
 * point in the given direction.
 */
struct wlr_output *wlr_output_layout_adjacent_output(
		struct wlr_output_layout *layout, enum wlr_direction direction,
		struct wlr_output *reference, double ref_lx, double ref_ly);
struct wlr_output *wlr_output_layout_farthest_output(
		struct wlr_output_layout *layout, enum wlr_direction direction,
		struct wlr_output *reference, double ref_lx, double ref_ly);

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Free admission; space is limited and registration required at vlc@newschool.edu. Participants are strongly encouraged to make use of the event Resource Guide (see below).
Ladysmith Black Mambazo, Francis Fuster, Paul Simon, Okyerema Asante and Ray Phiri. Photo Credit: Courtesy of Paul Simon Private Collection by Luise Gubb.
Cultural production opens avenues for new ways of thinking. How productive or conducive can the methods of withdrawal and boycott be for politically oriented artistic practices? This series of seminars poses an alternative view: to consider withdrawal and boycott as special conditions for discourse and engaged artmaking. The goal of the seminars is to study boycotts as cultural work, and understand their motivations (why a boycott), practices (how a boycott), and consequences (what effects). The seminars, which will culminate in a public colloquium in spring 2015, address timely questions of the agency of artists in social and political spheres, and how culture can enact and perform change within a politics of disengagement.
Examples abound of contemporary artists holding institutions, exhibitions, and projects accountable for their practices. Labor issues in the United Arab Emirates, funding structures of the Sydney Biennale or the current São Paulo Bienal, participation in this year's Manifesta in Saint Petersburg, and calls to renew a cultural boycott of Israel—artists are leveraging their power to affect shifts in the ways culture is produced on individual, civic, and educational levels.
This year marks the 20th anniversary of South African democracy. It's also an opportune moment to revisit not only the state of political freedoms after Apartheid, but the strategies that led to that system's dismantling. This seminar revisits the boycott and divestment campaigns to isolate South Africa's racist regime, focusing especially on cultural politics.
Sean Jacobs is on the Faculty of The New School's Milano School where he teaches courses in International Affairs. He is a native of Cape Town, South Africa. He previously taught at the University of Michigan in African and African American Studies and held a Post-doctoral fellowship at New York University. He is working on a book about post-apartheid media culture. He founded the website Africa is a Country.
Daniel Magaziner is a historian of 20th-century Africa. Specializing in intellectual history, his first book was about interplay between religion, movement politics, and popular culture in 1970s South Africa. He is currently working on two book projects: one is an intellectual history of art education under apartheid; the other, a history of architecture and urban planning in post-colonial Africa. Dan has held positions at Cornell and Yale, where he is currently assistant professor of history.
Hlonipha A. Mokoena received her Ph.D. from the University of Cape Town in 2005. She is currently an associate professor of Anthropology at Columbia University in the City of New York. She recently published a book, titled Magema Fuze: The Making of a Kholwa Intellectual, which isabout Magema Magwaza Fuze, the first Zulu-speaker to publish a book in the language.
The seminar is open to the public. Reservations are accepted on a first come, first served basis at vlc@newschool.edu. All participants are encouraged to avail themselves of the Resource Guides, introductory readings to each seminar, announced on the seminar event pages at www.veralistcenter.org.
• Considering Palestine/Israel. What Does the Boycott Mean?


Our camp staff consists of teachers and current college students. All camp staff must be over the age of 18.
If you are interested in applying for employment at the camp please email Lynne@intsports.com in early March. Please include a current resume .


text:
World Health Day is Today—Let's Make it An Everyday Habit in Seattle
Ken Stuart
Xconomy Seattle —
It is somewhat strange to me that one day each year is selected as "World Health Day." My belief is that every day should be "World Health Day." But I certainly won't miss the opportunity to observe today, April 7th, which has been celebrated as World Health Day since 1950, to mark the founding of the World Health Organization. This day affords a worldwide opportunity to focus on key public health issues that affect the international community.
This year's theme for World Health Day focuses on urbanization and health with a campaign called "1000 cities – 1000 lives." The idea of cities focused on promoting world health made me proud of what's happening right here in our own city of Seattle. In fact, just recently we changed our "nickname" from SBRI to Seattle BioMed to more closely reflect our ties with and pride in the city we've called home for nearly 35 years.
But aside from the pride of having so many world-class global health organizations clustered together, what's the biggest advantage of our city? It's the opportunity for more collaborations, increased idea exchange and additional partnerships. While the old saying is that "necessity is the mother of invention," I actually believe that "proximity is the mother of invention." By being close together, we'll form tighter bonds that can lead to new solutions for global health. I can already see it happening as I take the two-block stroll to PATH (a new neighbor in the growing global health/biotech hub that is the South Lake Union neighborhood) for meetings or hear of casual conversations between researchers in local restaurants or gatherings.
Just two weeks ago, Hans Rosling – the guru of global health statistics and long-time darling of TED conferences – was in town to keynote Seattle BioMed's annual event. In addition to visiting Seattle BioMed, he also spent time at PATH, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, as well as met with key members of the Washington Global Health Alliance. He was amazed at the how closely we were all located, and noted the benefit that gave us as a global health community. Hans urged us – several times – to take advantage of that by determining how to more fully engage students and the public in our work. He's right: there is strength in numbers, and by banding together we can more fully engage others in how to play a role in improving the health of the world. Ideas are already coming forth.
And, we already know of our city's legacy for global health leadership. Each year, Seattle BioMed gives its "Advancing Global Health Award." And, we rarely have to look beyond our own backyard for honorees. In the past, we've recognized very deserving people from Bill Foege, the man credited with helping eradicate smallpox, to Ralph Munro, known for his work with Rotary to help eliminate polio. This year, we recognized a new partner, the Seattle Sounders FC, which has been responsible for turning thousands of soccer fans into warriors in the fight to eliminate malaria. Without a doubt, more global health leaders will emerge from our city.
So, on this day, let's celebrate Seattle's role in global health, but let's work to make every day "World Health Day."
Ken Stuart is the founder of Seattle Biomedical Research Institute. His research is focused on unicellular parasites that are estimated to kill around a million people each year. Follow @
How Battling New Epidemics Helps Fight Age-Old Killers
2 responses to "World Health Day is Today—Let's Make it An Everyday Habit in Seattle"
I agree. Health should be celebrated everyday of the year.
I'm glad I live in Washington. Seattle has so much to give to the health care community, and I'm proud to be a part of the University of Washington.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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I hate ghosts - they are annoying, noisy and will cost you a fortune if you don't have an active Ghost Busters membership card. You know what kind of ghosts is the most irritating though?
Pretty standard isn't it? Well, if you'd take a closer look, you'd notice something isn't quite right in here. Let's see that again, shall we?
See that now? It's the ghost of VMware Replication which is causing this error! This environment doesn't actually have (nor it ever had) vSphere Replication enabled. What's actually happening here is that the VM is question used to be hosted in a different vSphere environment with vSphere Replication and at some point was transferred over to the new one "in a dirty way".
At this point, the issue should be gone and the expansion of the disk should work as expected.


text:
It's Great To See Celebrities Couples That Prove Happy Endings Really Do Exist
Ami Ciccone Jun 09, 2022
Catherine Bell and Brooke Daniels – Together Since 2012
It took Catherine Bell a while to find herself in terms of her romantic interests. Only after marrying Adam Beason and had two children that she realized that it wasn't working out. She has never opened up about the reasons for their divorce but it is strongly suspected that she had a liking for women.
Catherine had a comfortable lifestyle with Adam and their family, but what she wanted, was what she would find in the arms of Brooke Daniels. Daniels and Bell moved in together in 2012. Brooke is also a mom of two, so these two ladies share a lot in common and have both been with men in the past, only to find out that it didn't work out for them.
Maria Bello and Dominique Crenn – Together Since 2019
Famous for her roles in Permanent Midnight, Payback, and The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor, this American actor, and writer has been the talk of the town recently. And why not? She's engaged to the love of her life Dominique Crenn, the French Chef!
With the love and support they have for each other, the couple Maria Bello and Dominique Crenn might be walking down the aisle soon. Although there's no announcement on the wedding date yet, we can say it might happen quickly. We wish them all the best on their special day coming soon!
Jodi Foster & Alexandra Hedison — Together Since 2014
Jodi Foster, born as Alicia Christian Foster, carved a niche for herself in the show business with her portrayal of Iris in Taxi Driver, a product from the Martin Scorsese's stable. She played her role brilliantly and earned a whole lot of appreciation and acclamation from all quarters. Her acting abilities helped her pile on a huge amount in her bank account.
Foster has also dabbled in direction and production and she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for one of her directorial ventures. That speaks volumes of what potential she possesses. She is in a marital partnership with Alexandra Hedison, the popular actress, director, and photographer. They tied the knot in 2014. The smile the duo flashes is enough to tell you how happy they are together. We are really happy for them and wish to see them more often in public.


text:
Third Circuit: Showers Part of Prison Operations for ADA and RA Purposes
Loaded on Oct. 7, 2019 by David M. Reutter published in Prison Legal News October, 2019, page 48
Filed under: Disabled Prisoners, Showers, Americans with Disabilities Act, Rehabilitation Act. Location: United States of America.
by David M. Reutter
The Third Circuit Court of Appeals held on August 8, 2019 that the provision of showers "is a part of the programs, activities, or services" referred to by the Rehabilitation Act (RA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The appellate court concluded that prison officials had denied a prisoner showers due to his disability, and were deliberately indifferent for failing to provide a handicapped-accessible shower for more than three months.
The ruling came in an appeal by Pennsylvania prisoner Robert Furgess, who suffers from a neuromuscular disease that inhibits his ability to see, walk, speak and lift things.
Upon his arrival at State Correctional Institution-Albion in 2014, prison officials provided accommodations for his disability. His conditions of confinement, however, drastically changed when he was found guilty of a disciplinary infraction and placed in a Restrictive Housing Unit (RHU) on December 14, 2015. The RHU was not equipped with handicapped-accessible showers.
Furgess' repeated requests to be provided with an accessible shower went unheeded.
A March 7, 2016 grievance resulted in his move to a handicapped-accessible cell, but he still was not provided access to a shower. It was not until March 16 that Furgess was finally escorted to a shower, but it was not handicapped-accessible.
He was given a rimless plastic chair to sit on, which caused injuries when he tried to exit the shower because the hot water was exacerbating his symptoms. He slipped and fell due to a lack of safety bars and rails.
After completing the grievance process, Furgess sued under Title II of the ADA and Section 504 of the RA for the prison's failure to provide an accessible shower. The district court granted the defendants' motion to dismiss, finding that a shower was not a "'service, program, or activity' under either statute."
The Third Circuit disagreed. It found § 504 defines a "program or activity" quite broadly to include '"all of the operations' of a state instrumentality." While the ADA does not define "services, programs, and activities," Congress and the courts have recognized the statute provides the same protections as Section 504. The Court of Appeals concluded that "[a] prison's provision of showers" is one "of the operations" of the facility.
The Court was then tasked with determining whether Furgess suffered discrimination due to his disability. It held that he did, rejecting the defendants' argument that "but-for his alleged misconduct, he would not be in the RHU and thus deprived of a shower."
The appellate court wrote that a "prisoner's misconduct does not strip him of his right to reasonable accommodations, and a prison's obligation to comply with the ADA and RA does not disappear when inmates are placed in a segregated housing unit, regardless of the reason for which they are housed there."
The Third Circuit also found prison officials were aware of Furgess' disability and were deliberately indifferent by failing to provide him with a handicapped-accessible shower for over three months. The district court's order was reversed. See: Furgess v. Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, 933 F.3d 285 (3d Cir. 2019).
Related legal case
Furgess v. Pennsylvania Department of Corrections
933 F.3d 285 (3d Cir. 2019)
Bench Verdict
Appeals Court Edition
F.3d
Alaska Pays $400,000 to Settle Jail Prisoner's Wrongful Death Suit, by Douglas Ankney
Report: Summit Food Services Provides Inadequate Nutrition at Missouri Jail, by Kevin Bliss
Maricopa County Pays $300,000 to Settle Lawsuit Over Arpaio-Era Prisoner Death, by Matthew Clarke
Mississippi Prison Deaths Spike for Second Year; Disturbing Photos Revealed, by David M. Reutter, Matthew Clarke
Illinois DOC Interferes with Prisoners' College Program by Removing Books, by Edward Lyon
Lawsuits Challenge Florida Law that Undermines Voting Rights Ballot Initiative, by David M. Reutter
Third Circuit Affirms Refusal to Appoint Successive Counsel in Prisoner's Civil Rights Case, by David M. Reutter
Oregon Sheriff Places Own Head on the Chopping Block for Budget Cuts, by Kevin Bliss
$2 Million Settlement in Lawsuit Over California Jail Prisoner's Suicide, by Matthew Clarke
California Court of Appeal Reverses Convictions for Possession of Marijuana in Prison, by Dale Chappell
Second Circuit: Discharge Health Plan Part of In-Custody Mental Health Treatment When Pretrial Detainees Released, by Edward Lyon
Oregon Supreme Court Reverses Course: Secretly Taping Prisoner's Statements Does Not Violate Right to Counsel, by Mark Wilson
Arizona DOC Publishes, Then Rescinds, Prison Tour Policy that Excluded Public Officials and Media, by Matthew Clarke
Denver Tries to End Private Prison Companies' Halfway House Contracts, by Matthew Clarke
Lawsuit: Woman Gave Birth Alone in Colorado Jail Cell, by Kevin Bliss
Connecticut Prison Writing Program Leads to Lawsuits, by David M. Reutter
Third Circuit: Showers Part of Prison Operations for ADA and RA Purposes, by David M. Reutter
Investigations into Texas Jail Deaths Find Thousands of Guards Untrained, on Temporary Licenses, by Matthew Clarke
Former DOC Employee Awarded $300,000 in Workplace Sexual Harassment Case, by Matthew Clarke
New York State Prisoner Wins Medical Malpractice Suit, Awarded $30,000, by Edward Lyon
As Climate Changes, High Temperatures Plague Prisons and Jails, by Matthew Clarke
Former Hawaii Prisoner's Sexual Assault Lawsuit Settles for Paltry $10,000, by Edward Lyon
The Sentencing Project Issues Report on Reducing Excessive Punishment for Violent Crimes, by Matthew Clarke
California Federal Court Orders City to Pay $150,000 for Failure to Comply with Jail Settlement, by Chad Marks
Fourth Circuit: Three Tasings in 70 Seconds May Constitute Excessive Force, by David M. Reutter
California Prisoner Wins $365,000 Settlement for Assault by Jail Guards, by Scott Grammer
Denial of Summary Judgment for Prison Officials Affirmed in West Virginia Excessive Force Case, by Scott Grammer
Michigan Prisoner Prevails in First Amendment Retaliation Case; $30,000 in Damages and Attorney Fees, by David M. Reutter
Cook County, Illinois to Pay $1.7 Million for Former Marine's Suicide in Jail, by Douglas Ankney
Court Grants Remittitur in Former Prison Teacher's Sexual Harassment Case – Total Award of $6.4 Million Plus Fees, Costs, Interest, by Matthew Clarke
Arizona Prisoner Receives $175,000 after Guards Read His Legal Mail, Shared it with FBI and Prosecutors, by Matthew Clarke
Author John Grisham Pens Editorial Criticizing Death Penalty in North Carolina, by Scott Grammer
Santa Clara County Jail Captain Accused of Misconduct, Retires, by Scott Grammer
Family of California Prisoner Who Committed Suicide Settles Suit for $595,000, by Scott Grammer
California County Settles Jail Death for $300,000, by Edward Lyon
Alabama Jail Prisoner Accused of Conspiring to Get Pregnant, Claiming Rape, by Douglas Ankney
Tenth Circuit Reverses Dismissal of New Mexico Prisoner's First Amendment Claims, by Scott Grammer
North Carolina Prisoners Sue Over Gang Violence, Obtain $62,500 Settlement
Hepatitis C Treatment Ordered in North Carolina Prisons, by David M. Reutter
$157,000 Settlement in Michigan DOC Employee Discrimination Case, by David M. Reutter
Congressional Black Caucus Institute Accepts Donations from Private Prison Companies, by Matthew Clarke
Exploiting Prisoners on Prime Time, by Edward Lyon
Three Louisiana Prisoners Cleared in 1994 Rape of Another Prisoner, by David M. Reutter
Veteran Oregon Jail Guard Indicted and Jailed, by Mark Wilson
Federal Court Sanctions New Mexico Corrections Department Over Out-of-State Legal Mail, by Matthew Clarke
Survey: Jail Population Down but Incarceration Rates Higher for Whites, Women, by Jayson Hawkins
Why Our Movement Can't Afford to Ignore Private Prison Corporations, by Caroline Isaacs
Audit Finds Mississippi Private Prison Plagued by Violence, Run by Gangs, by Kevin Bliss
Infamous Louisiana Sheriff on His Way Out, by David M. Reutter
San Francisco to Cut Costs for Jail Phone Calls, Commissary Sales, by Edward Lyon
Vermont Supreme Court Remands Prison Correspondence Claim, by Edward Lyon
Class Certified in Lawsuit Challenging Missouri Parole Violation Procedures, by David M. Reutter
Mentally Ill Prisoners' Suit Against GEO Group Survives Motion to Dismiss, by Douglas Ankney
California Tried to Fix Its Prisons. Now County Jails Are More Deadly, by Ryan Gabrielson, Jason Pohl
More from David M. Reutter:
New Georgia Law Provides Protections for Pregnant Prisoners, Jan. 9, 2020
Criminal Justice Reformers Apologize for Not Vetting Conference Speaker, Jan. 9, 2020
First Major Loss in Recent Challenges to Hep C Treatment for Prisoners, Jan. 9, 2020
Lawsuit Filed by Prisoner with Food Allergy is Dismissed, Jan. 8, 2020
Pennsylvania Prisoner Given Belt, Then Punished for Having It, Jan. 8, 2020
Tennessee Prisoner Captured After Killing Prison Employee, Escaping, Jan. 8, 2020
Florida Women's Prison Under Scrutiny After Rape by Guard, Jan. 8, 2020
Are Re-Enfranchised Florida Felons More Likely to Vote Republican?, Jan. 8, 2020
Lawsuit Alleging Denial of Warmth and Sufficient Sleep States Eighth Amendment Claim, Jan. 8, 2020
PLN Prevails in Censorship Suit Against Virginia Jail, Jan. 8, 2020
Award in Massachusetts Prisoner's ADA Case Includes Over $410,000 in Attorney Fees, Costs, Sept. 9, 2019. Attorney Fee Awards, Americans with Disabilities Act.
When Going to Jail Means Giving Up the Meds that Saved Your Life, Sept. 5, 2019. Medication, Jail Specific, Americans with Disabilities Act.
Federal District Court Denies Nebraska Department of Correctional Services' Motion to Strike Expert Declarations, Sept. 5, 2019. Medical, Dental Care, Overcrowding, Americans with Disabilities Act, Mental Health.
Correlation Between Dyslexia and Criminal Behavior; First Step Act to Require Screening, Treatment, Aug. 6, 2019. Disabled Prisoners, Criminal justice system reform, Statistics/Trends.
Drug Treatment Is Reaching More Prisons and Jails, July 31, 2019. Medication, Drug/Alcohol Withdrawal, War on Drugs, Americans with Disabilities Act, Drug Treatment/Rehab.
Michigan: Settlement in Class-Action Suit by Prisoners with Hearing Disabilities, July 3, 2019. Deaf Prisoners, Disabled Prisoners, Settlements.
$3 Million Settlement Where Prison Doctor Failed to Treat Disabled Illinois Prisoner, July 3, 2019. Wexford Health Services, Disabled Prisoners, Medical, Failure to Treat, Americans with Disabilities Act.
Settlement Reached in Suit Over Failure to Keep Released L.A. County Prisoners from Becoming Homeless, July 2, 2019. Disabled Prisoners, Release and Reentry, Mental Health, Post-release, ex-offender, re-entry, housing, jobs.
Complaint: Care at ICE Detention Center at Aurora, Colorado, Substandard, June 26, 2019. Medical, Failure to Treat, Americans with Disabilities Act, Immigration, Mental Health, Failure to Treat (Mental Illness), Fifth Amendment, 42 U.S. Code § 1983, civil action for deprivation of rights.
Supreme Court Again Prevents Texas from Executing Intellectually Disabled Prisoner, June 5, 2019. Disabled Prisoners, Death Penalty/Death Row, Death Penalty, Death Row, Mental Health.


The must weight provides a lot of information about the wine's quality to be expected. It is measured in degrees Oechsle. The potential alcohol content can be derived from this.
The must weight compares the specific weight ratio of one litre of must to that of water at 20° C, i.e. the specific density of the must. If the weight ratio is e.g. 1.076 the must displays 76 degrees Oechsle. Above all, the must weight results from the sugar content. The maximum potential alcohol content can be derived from this.
By means of must concentration water in small amounts can be withdrawn from the must. The remaining ingredients concentrate and allow for more high-quality wines. However, the procedure is very expensive and is only used for top wines in Auslese quality.
Different minimum must weights for individual grape varieties and winegrowing regions provide only a minimum standard. Many wine growers set significantly higher standards within their own wineries.


Many people are confused between the use of masking and clipping path to remove the background from an image. The ultimate objective of both these methods is to isolate an object from an image. However, the process used for the isolation process is different in these two methods. Keep on reading this article to learn more about the difference between clipping path and masking.
A clipping path is an invisible line that can enclose a specific area of a raster image. It can easily be done with the assistance of Adobe Photoshop. According to the developers of Photoshop, the objects that lie inside the clipping path only gets printed in the output and it ignores everything else. The clipping path can be drawn with the assistance of a pen tool. However, it needs to be done with extra care as a single mistake can put all your efforts in vain.
The clipping path is commonly used in places where we need to extract images with sharp and regular edges. You can use this technique to cut an image from any raster graphic.
In Photoshop, masking is being used to hide or mask a specific part of the image layer. The mask is composed of white and black areas. In other words, it differentiates the visible pixels from the rest. The part of the layer that is indicated with black will hide the layer and the mask with white will reveal the layer.
True designers seek the assistance of masking in order to cut specific areas from graphics. The best thing about masking is that it is non-destructive. You can easily make the hidden parts visible with the help of a white mask. Or else, you can hide a specific area that is hidden with a white mask by drawing a black mask. In other words, masking does not erase the pixels of a graphic.


Concrete is making its way into home decor and accessories, with minimalism design trend gaining popularity these days. Concrete Decor looks basic yet stylish. Concrete Decor doesn't sound like a reasonable option considering the pricing, but I came across this Indian brand, named Conkreate with affordable pricing. Cokreate designs and curate modern lifestyle accessories cast in high performance, lightweight, and premium concrete. At Conkreate, they push the boundaries of materials to transform sand, water and an earthy raw mix of materials into design products that are as beautiful and sophisticated as they are functional and durable masterfully crafted one piece at a time. The Brand is based in Karnal, Haryana. All products are handcrafted. Conkreate Products are of premium quality, each piece will last long. I would say Conkreate is a one-stop-shop for concrete home decor and desk accessories. Conkreate is an eco-friendly brand and has been granted a green certificate by the Pollution Board.
Conkreate Styl Tealight Holders (Size 65*80 and 65*100): Conkreate candles make a perfect gift for any festive occasion. This set of candles are way too cute.
Conkreate Flower Vase Trikon: It is priced at Rs 380/- I love the geometric design of this vase. It lets me keep fresh flowers as well as faux flowers.
Conkreate Styl table Clock: The conkreate table watch is an attractive addition to any table. It is priced at Rs 680/- The clock piece I got was damaged in transit and the second hand was slightly broken due to courier guys mishandling.
The smart shapes and construction of these Conkreate desk accessories will help you add more beauty to your work/study desk or your home table. Conkreate sells more products like Planters, Paper Weight, Trays, Organisers, Tea Light Holders and much more. My love for concrete home accessories got crazier with Conkreate. I am hooked to these cute desk accessories by Conkreate. You should definitely check this brand if you love trendy and inspiring home decor. Conkreate products suit your gifting needs as well.


text:
New 7″ Samsung Phablet Shows up at China's FCC
23 April, 2014 3 September, 2015 e-Reading HardwareOne Comment
An unnamed Samsung device has appeared on the website of Tenaa, China's Telecommunications Equipment Certification Center.
The SM-2558 doesn't quite look like any of Samsung's existing smartphones or tablets, but it does have aspects of either category.
With a reported screen resolution of 720 x 1280, this 7″ phablet is taller and skinnier than the Galaxy Tab 4 7.0. It's listed as running Android 4.3 on a quad-core 1.2GHz CPU with 1.5GB RAM, 8GB Flash storage, Wifi, and Bluetooth.
That actually sounds quite a bit like the Tab 4 7.0 (aside from the boost in RAM), but there are also some differences. The SM-2558 has much better cameras than on Samsung's budget tablet (8MP and 2MP). This phablet is also listed as being lighter than the Tab 4 7.0 (245g vs 276g.)
And this device sports TD-LTE and TD-SCDMA connectivity, confirming that it truly is a phablet.
At this point you might be wondering whether this is the Galaxy Note 4. Recent leaks have suggested that Samsung has another Note phablet in the works, but all we have so far is the name. But in spite of the curious coincidence of 2 leaks appearing close together, I don't think this is the Note 4.
Samsung's phablets have super sharp screens, while the SM-2558 has a fairly ordinary 7″ screen, and that's not the only difference. The Note 3, for example, has 3GB RAM, a 13MP camera, and a stylus. It also has a faster CPU.
I really don't think the SM-2558 is good enough to belong to the Galaxy Note line. In fact, if not for the few differences between this phablet and the Tab 4 7.0, I would have thought this was the 3G or 4G equipped version of that budget tablet (there's one mentioned in the official specs). But the screen resolution, cameras, and weight shot that idea down.
So at this point we're just going to have to wait and see if this phablet shows up anywhere.
Kindle for iPad, iPhone Updated
Amazon Expands Prime Instant Video With HBO Shows – But Not Game of Thrones
Scott23 April, 2014
Keeping with Samsung's habit of launching a new mobile device each week:
Snarky?


The Space Physics Interactive Data Resource (SPIDR) is a web-based interactive tool developed by NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center to provide access to historical space physics datasets. These data sets are widely used by physicists for space weather modeling and predictions. Built on a distributed network of databases and application servers, SPIDR offers services in two ways: via a web page interface and via a web service interface. SPIDR exposes several SOAP-based web services that client applications implement to connect to a number of data sources for data download and processing. At present, the usage of the web services has been difficult, adding unnecessary complexity to client applications and inconvenience to the scientists who want to use these datasets. The purpose of this study focuses on improving SPIDR's web interface to better support data access, integration and display. This is accomplished in two ways: (1) examining the needs of scientists to better understand what web services they require to better access and process these datasets and (2) developing a client application to support SPIDR's SOAP-based services using the Kepler scientific workflow system. To this end, we identified, designed and developed several web services for filtering the existing datasets and created several Kepler workflows to automate routine tasks associated with these datasets. These workflows are a part of the custom NGDC build of the Kepler tool. Scientists are already familiar with Kepler due to its extensive use in this domain. As a result, this approach provides them with tools that are less daunting than raw web services and ultimately more useful and customizable. We evaluated our work by interviewing various scientists who make use of SPIDR and having them use the developed Kepler workflows while recording their feedback and suggestions. Our work has improved SPIDR such that new web services are now available and scientists have access to a desktop-based direct manipulation tool that provides them with improved support for data access and visualization.
Sundaravel, Anu Swapna, "Improving Access to Space Weather data via Workflows and Web Services" (2010). Computer Science Graduate Theses & Dissertations. 13.


text:
Никифор I Геник (; * 760; † 26 юли 811), наричан по-рядко Никифор I Логотет, е византийски император управлявал от 31 октомври 802 до смъртта си на 26 юли 811 година.

Произход и възкачване на престола
По произход Никифор I е покръстен арабин, патриций от Югозападна Анатолия, който успява да се издигне до поста на логотет на геника (logothetēs tou genikou, финансов министър) при императрица Ирина. След дворцов преврат императрицата е детронирана и заточена, а Никифор I заема властта (802 г.) заедно със сина си Ставракий.

Управление

Вътрешна политика
Всички византийски хроники представят властването на Никифор Геник в негативна светлина. Той се заема със засилването на армията и укрепването на имперските граници, но драстично увеличава данъците, за да набави нужните средства за това и налага стриктна финансова политика. Той анулира всички данъчни облекчения, въведени от Ирина, и задължава търговците да вземат заеми от държавата при висока лихва. Въвежда "капникон" – данък-домакинство. Увеличава събирането на наследствените данъци, както и на поземлените плащания. При ниски доходи на селяните селската община става отговорна за закупуването и поддръжката на бойното им снаряжение. Непопулярен сред народа, императорът конфискува част от църковното имущество и принуждава манастирите да плащат такси на хазната, с което настройва също и византийското духовенство против себе си.

Поради недостига на ромейски поданици в Тракия и Гърция, императорът принудително заселва опустелите земи с население от Мала Азия, което насила е принудено да напусне родните си места. Това довежда до избухването на неуспешен бунт в Анатолия, оглавен от военачалника Вардан Турк през 803 г.

Външна политика и войни
При Никифор I Геник империята води редица войни: в Италия срещу франките и Венеция, в Мала Азия срещу арабите и на Балканите срещу българите и славяните. Въпреки че няма сериозен военен опит император Никифор лично води войната с арабите, но търпи разгром в Киликия през 806 – 7 година. Никифор договаря мир с арабите единствено благодарение на големи парични плащания.

През 807 г. императорът нарушава мирния договор с България и предприема множество военни атаки с цел подчиняване на българското население, живеещо в южните части на Балканския полуостров. Конфликтът с българите става още по-сериозен след като хан Крум превзема крепостта Средец (809 г.).

Поход срещу България

Разграбване на Плиска
През 811 г. император Никифор I Геник тръгва на голям поход срещу България. Императорът навлиза в българска територия на 20 юли. Крум предлага на императора мир, но Никифор отхвърля предложението му "поради собствените си злонамерения и по внушенията на едномислените си съветници", както се изразява хронистът Теофан. В течение на три дена след битки и много обиколки през непристъпни места, Никифор достига до Плиска, резиденцията на българските ханове.

Движението на Никифор I е съпроводено с големи неблагоразумия, жестокости и произволи над местното население, което той избива без разлика на пол и възраст. Обзет от ярост, той опустошава българската столица: войниците му се отдават на грабежи, кланета и дори премазват невръстните деца с дикани. Императорът се грижи само как да насити своята алчност. Той поставя печати на Крумовите съкровищници и ги задържа като собствени. В същото време реже ушите и крайниците на войниците, които посягат към неговата плячка.

Най-сетне Никифор заповядва да се опожарят палатите на Крум, който е напуснал Плиска. Крум повторно се обръща към императора със следните думи: "Ето, ти победи. И тъй, вземи, каквото ти е угодно, и си иди с миром", като иска по тоя начин да предотврати по-нататъшни жестокости и разорения. Упоен от успехите си, Никифор Геник не иска и да чува за мир.

Битка при Върбишкия проход

Никифор, след като ограбва и опожарява Крумовата резиденция, потегля обратно за Константинопол като победител. Докато византийците са опиянени от разграбването на Плиска, хан Крум мобилизира всички налични сили и се подготвя за решително сражение с ромеите. Той е разгневен както от отказа на императора да сключи мир, така и от невижданите жестокости, грабежи и произволи в държавата му. Българите заграждат входовете и изходите на планинските проходи с дървени укрепления и правят прегради в тесните места.

Когато Никифор научава за всичко това, и разбирайки, че пътят за отстъпление е отрязан, като луд започва да се лута и като не знаел какво да прави, извикал: "Дори да бяхме с криле, пак нямаше да избегнем гибелта си!".

Крум събира войската си и през нощта срещу събота, 26 юли, напада изплашените византийски войници. В планинските теснини на Върбишкия проход става страшна касапница. На разсъмване българите се нахвърлят върху палатката на василевса, където според българската възрожденска легенда Никифор бил посечен от хан Крум Страшни с думите: "Като не щеш мира – на ти секира!" Не се знае със сигурност как точно загива Никифор. Някои казват, че ромеите го убиват с камъни, след като той пада, а от женоподобните му служители, с които той спи наедно, едни загиват в огъня на преградата, а други от мечовете на българите. В нощния бой освен императора, загиват много видни велможи и военачалници – патриций Теодосий Саливара, стратегът на източните войски патриций Роман и стратегът на Тракия. Много офицери и безброй много войници намират гибелта си в планинските теснини. Летописецът Теофан отбелязва "цялата християнска красота загина!". Ставракий, синът на Никифор, тежко ранен в гърба, едва успява да избяга в големи страдания до Адрианопол.

Поражението на император Никифор I и войската му във Върбишкия проход на 26 юли 811 г. неутрализира за дълго опасността от Византия. Българите закрепват всички завоевания на запад заедно със Средец. Държавата е запазена за дълго от бъдещи нападения от страна на ромеите. Хан Крум се прославя като победител над ромейския император. Победата на българския хан отваря пътя за териториалното разширение на България в посока югозапад и улеснява приобщаването на македонските славяни. Гордостта на хан Крум от Великата победа най-ясно изпъква в разказа за съдбата на Никифоровата глава. "Като отрязал главата на Никифора, пише летописецът, Крум очистил черепа и го обковал отвън със сребро, с гордост карал славянските князе да пият".

Наследник на трона на Византия
Никифор е наследен от сина си Ставракий, който, тежко ранен, умира от раните си след по-малко от година.

Външни препратки
 Nicephorus I A. D. 802 – 811 An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors

Източници
 Теофан Изповедник, "Хронография", Ed. Carl de Boor, Leipzig.
 Йоан Скилица, "Исторически обзор" (Σύνοψις Ἱστοριῶν)
 Васил Н. Златарски, История на българската държава през средните векове, Част I, II изд., Наука и изкуство, София 1970.
 Успенский Ф. И. История Византийской империи (в 5 томах). – М.: АСТ, 2005

Византийски императори
Имперски римски консули
Починали в Плиска

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Rule change for managing Jacksonville's entertainment facilities opens doors to more companies
A company would no longer need to have managed an NFL stadium.
Timothy J. Gibbons
The pool of companies looking to run the city's entertainment facilities might get bigger, but only if applicants hurry.
The city modified its request for proposals Wednesday afternoon, issuing an 86-page addendum, the 13th such amendment.
One big change: Applicants no longer have to have managed an NFL stadium. Instead, they can have experience handling an "equivalent professional sports facility outside the United States seating in excess of 50,000 persons."
That change opens the door for a company called AEG to bid on the project. AEG, which has indicated an interest in the project, has managed large stadiums in other countries, but not an NFL stadium, which the original request stipulated.
The amendment doesn't change the due date for applications, though, which was pushed back to next Wednesday after earlier amendments.
"They've had a considerable amount of time," said Greg Pease, head of procurement for the city. "I don't think any really serious contenders would just be starting this process now."
The amended contract also makes clear the role the Jacksonville Jaguars will have in picking the next facility manager. As laid out in the city's lease with the team, the Jaguars have veto power over who runs the facility.
The amendment also shortens the length of the contract by almost a year - it now expires in March 2017 - and makes the start date fuzzier: Instead of beginning on July 1, it now starts "on or after" that date.
timothy.gibbons@jacksonville.com, (904) 359-4103


Compton thug life, circa 1954.
Los Angeles, we're proud of you. While the city proper only made the top 162 in a ranking of the nation's most-violent municipalities, we knew the region would somehow represent. And that it did.
Compton made the top 10! Yay!
In fact Compton -- you know, the city they rap about -- made it to number 8 among the nation's most-violent-crime-plagued cities.
Fortunately for greater L.A., it was the only area city in the top 10 (PDF).
But, as Robert DiNero said in Heat, "There is a flip side to that coin:"
-Mission Viejo! (The fourth safest city in America).
-And Irvine (the former champ comes in at number 10).
These three cities are for real, yo (when it comes to raising families in nice places).


text:
Spathius alternecoloratus är en stekelart som beskrevs av Chao 1978. Spathius alternecoloratus ingår i släktet Spathius och familjen bracksteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Bracksteklar
alternecoloratus


text:
Overdosing on 'Breaking Bad'
Not only is the TV series 'Breaking Bad' great entertainment, but it speaks volumes about American culture as a whole.
by Richard Falk
24 Jan 2013 06:24 GMT
In the TV series 'Breaking Bad', anti-hero Walter White is a science teacher turned meth dealer [Reuters]
It could be a telling sign of being out of touch with popular culture to admit that until a few weeks ago when our children showed up for the holidays, I had never heard of the cable TV drama series Breaking Bad. Of course, this sort of admission damaged my already fragile credibility with those under 30. And when I discovered that Breaking Bad was in its fifth season, and had received numerous awards, earning praise by leading media critics as "the greatest television drama of all time" (according to the Metacritic website, Breaking Bad is the highest rated cable show ever, gaining a rating of 99/100 on the basis of 22 reviews) my self-esteem took a big hit for being so out of the loop. Having overdosed on the series during the recent past I may be about to fall from one trap to another, now putting myself forward as an "instant expert", a role not more tasteful than instant coffee. Intimidated by such a prospect, I will myself to several random impressions with a goal of stimulating others to set me straight.
At this time I admit to being in danger of becoming a Breaking Bad junkie with serious addiction issues, having watched more than 25 of the early episodes with family members during what has become an almost obsessive nightly ritual. I am left wondering, "what is the source of this fascination?"; "is Breaking Bad telling us some dark things about ourselves, our inner reality as a nation and globe-girdling capitalist powerhouse state?" Whatever else, Breaking Bad as a tale of crime, violence, and personal adventure is quintessentially American; it could not be set elsewhere.
On the most superficial level, the writing, acting, and cinematography are of a high caliber, holding one's attention week after week due to an engagement with the lives of the characters and the subtle and innovative movements of the plot. It is obvious, as well, that both the technical and dramatic direction is impressive if measured by the industry metrics of craftsmanship and captivating storytelling. The form of episodic presentation, 47 minutes each week, imposes its own constraints.
Each episode needs to combine a self-contained mini-drama with continuities of plot and character that create enough links to earlier segments to sustain a flow from week to week and create at the end of each episode sufficient suspense and curiosity about what will happen next to tune in on the following week. This TV series in many ways incorporates the dramatic strengths of both the most spellbinding soap operas as well as the sweep of successful panoramic moviemaking. Each episode has its own director and is written by one or more of the team of nine writers. Somehow despite this shared responsibility Breaking Bad comes across as a coherent, unified work that rarely disappoints. There is only one episode that seems negatively memorable in which the whole dramatic action consists of the pursuit of a hapless house fly that eludes capture, and is viewed by the expert on such matters as a dire threat to the purity of the crystal meth being produced in an underground elaborate lab.
There is no doubt that the series creator, writer and director of some of the most riveting episodes in the series, Vince Gilligan, knows what he is doing (and came to Breaking Bad with past credentials as a producer of another killer TV series, The X-Files), which is to interweave in compelling ways the complex inter-ethnic world of drug dealing in the American southwest with the humdrum nature of suburban living in Albuquerque, New Mexico: throughout, the ordinary is repeatedly trumped and undermined by extraordinary happenings in episode after episode as the perils, pleasures, and temper tantrums of Walter (Walt) White, the hero-villain's life accumulate. In the process, Walt's struggle for survival is turned upside down, being transformed from an underachieving, overqualified high school chemistry teacher having trouble making ends meet to becoming all of a sudden a cash rich overachieving, under qualified supplier (in the harsh business of allocating and safeguarding drug markets) of crystal meth to local gangs linked to bigger drug cartels.
Actually, Walt doesn't exactly switch careers. He embarks on an elaborate double life, continuing to teach chemistry as his daytime job, a vocational calling, as well as employment, which he never abandons, and although distracted by the challenges of his drug life maintains an abiding concern for his students and exhibits talents as a teacher who knows his subject and how to convey it to young students. Eventually the strains of his secret life finally do take their toll, and Walt is forced by school administrators to take an extended leave of absence during the third season of the show.
Violence and ethnicity
There is a certain ironic tension between his teaching routine in a high school setting and his use of sophisticated chemistry to produce the highest quality crystal meth available in the Albuquerque market, with an outreach that extends to the cutthroat operators south of the border. Although recourse to violence is characteristic of every major male character in Breaking Bad, the violence associated with the roles of the Hispanic characters in the series are by far the most sadistic, sustained, and extreme, and they are all given rather one-dimensional identities that leaves no room for sympathy or emotional complexity.
A partial exception is the African American-looking, but apparently Latino master dealer, Gustavo ("Gus") Fring, who is presented as the most sinister of all drug operatives, but possessing social skills that enable him to have a respectable public persona that embraces the material satisfaction of success in the market. We can only critically wonder why the darkest evil is reserved exclusively for "outsiders" in America, the targets of a resurgent racism that is gospel for the rapidly expanding survivalist, anti-government militias active around the country and allied with such unsavoury groups as the National Rifle Association (NRA) and extremist religious cults.
There is no doubt that Walt White (brilliantly played by Bryan Cranston) is as intriguing a character as has ever flitted across my TV screen. Some critics have treated White merely as an acute casualty of a mid-life crisis, where the comforts of the bourgeois life are exchanged for the excitement of the drug underworld, with its violence, risk, double life, secrecy, and big payoffs, but this seems facile and almost willfully misleading.
What gives White his fascinating edge is the fact that his ardent embrace of crime coincided with receiving a diagnosis of terminal lung cancer, giving rise, among other things to a desperate need for large sums of money to pay the huge bills for medicines and treatment, as well as to the realisation that his family will be destitute after his death. Beyond this there is exhibited a rare dramatic tension between the loveable and hateful sides of his character, which is further heightened by unpredictable mood swings and sudden eruptions of repressed violence.
Walt conveys by brilliantly expressive facial expressions and adept mastery of body language a sense of deep torment that is at odds with his endearing qualities of normalcy when he displays the other side of his personality that allows him to be a tender and sensitive father, husband, and friend. The storyline also offers a bit of caviar to tease those who fancy themselves gourmets of high culture. White, as drug dealer, is known on the local meth scene by the moniker "Heisenberg", a cute play on the idea of "indeterminacy" (just who is White is tantalisingly elusive; and trope that is literalised when a lookalike is actually hired to confuse the police). As well, there are various bonding lines and visual sequences that draw connections between Walt White and Walt Whitman, especially invoking Whitman's celebrated poem, "Song of Myself". Names are clearly given some forethought by the series creator: it cannot be accidental that Walt is "White" while Gus looks "black", possibly a colour coded grading system for degrees of evil, mildly reminiscent of the circles of Hell in Dante's Inferno.
To my way of thinking, one of the great achievements of the series is the interplay between Walt and Jesse Pinkman (convincingly played by Aaron Paul). Jesse is an almost likeable young punk who takes many hard knocks, and has a kind of magnetic purity displayed as a result of his commitments to romantic love, kindness to animals, genuine empathy with young children victimised by their innocent involvement in the drug trade or their proximity to maelstroms of pure violence, and by his own childhood victimisation at the hands of hatefully insensitive parents. There is left the impression that Jesse manages to survive, but barely, periodically wants a cleaner, safe life, but can't quite muster the will to escape once and for all. He is at once too tender a person to flourish in the cutthroat world of hard-core drug business and yet too dependent and addicted to overcome the interrelated entrapments of use and dealing. Jesse is unlike Walt in many ways, more consistently emotional and romantic, less calculating, as much an addict as a supplier, a cultural casualty rather than a good citizen who goes awry by succumbing to the lure of the gigantic drug profit margins. Despite these differences, Walt and Jesse need one another, save each other's lives, and are one of those memorable examples of "an odd couple" that is forever inscribed in our consciousness.
Throughout Breaking Bad there are numerous implicit and explicit commentaries on the tawdry character of American life, replete with contradictions and complex filmic and cultural juxtapositions that link benign pretentious hypocrisies with lethal, violent realities that lie just beneath the surface. The relationship between law and crime is examined from many different angles, and it can be no accident, that the lead lawyer puts himself forward falsely as a Jew, Saul Goodman, when in fact he is a shabby abettor of criminality whose ethnicity is Irish, and presumably Catholic. It is almost a joking commentary on anti-Semitism that Saul would want to "pass" as a Jew to foster an image of being the sort of lawyer who knows how to twist the law in whatever direction will help his shady clientele.
The lies at the heart of Saul's law practice is multiply signalled: a huge balloon version of the Statue of Liberty is attached to the roof above his office, the room where he meets and greets clients uses the text of the US Constitution as wallpaper, and his professional interest in lawyering is to make use of law and lawyers for the sake of promoting crime and safeguarding criminals, and all for the sake of making some extra bucks. There is in the series a second more "honourable" lawyer who is no more loveable, using his knowledge of the intricacies of law to further the cruelties of capitalism. Actually, doctors fare only slightly better than lawyers, offering treatments motivated more by their professional ambitions than a patient's likelihood of cure, and in the spirit of Michael Moore's Sicko, making even the most urgent health care a slave of one's bank balance.
Everything interacts
Implicit in Breaking Bad is an indictment of the cultural ethos of capitalism, and its tendencies to commodify every aspect of life except family relations and intimate love, and even then there is tautness between doing well and doing good. There is an ironic note added here in the sub-text in which Hank Schrader, a kind of loser character who works as a middle level enforcer for the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), loses his cool, brutally beats Jesse, is demoted and discredited, but helped to pay his medical bills by drug money given to his wife, Marie, and eventually rehabilitated. There is an important coded message here: everything interacts. There is no true separation between criminality and legality, and perhaps, never has been. Are we learning about human nature, the specifics of America, the degeneracy of 21st century modernity?
Breaking Bad also making a damning commentary on the failures of urban development in America. The city scenes amount to a sequence of snapshots of the ugliness and tastelessness of the society, the wasteland that developers and city planners have inflicted on society, signposts directing the citizenry toward alienation and escape. This aesthetic indictment also extends to the middle class home furnishings and decorations that are ever-present in the series as exhibits of cultural decline. Only the natural splendor of the desert and the museum housing the masterpieces of Georgia O'Keefe are put before us as contrasts to this general condition of ugliness and banality.
The TV series also takes a hard look at the hypocrisies that co-mingle with family values and community camaraderie. Walt is the main focus of attention, but is not alone, being portrayed as someone driven to crime, allegedly by a true and abiding love for his wife and children, and in return receives the unconditional love of his disabled son. He says over and over again that all he cares about is his family, and this provides him with a mask of decency no matter how pervasively he falsifies his life. Walt faced with the prospect of his own assured death within a couple of years due to cancer and lacking the capacity to provide a decent future on the basis of legitimate work as a gifted high school chemistry teacher or as a helper in an auto repair shop turns to the lucrative work of "cooking" high quality meth in large quantities. In effect, we are informed only a turn to crime can achieve what hard, honest work of a constructive nature cannot provide for most people living in 21st century America.
The message within the message is that there is the scantest difference between Princeton graduates embarking on Wall Street careers with a clear conscience and those making their living from the drug trade, although the former is far less obviously violent and dangerous, but also contains fewer illusions about normalcy, decency, honesty, and morally and socially acceptable life styles. Another note of irony is that those most driven to success on the Wall Streets of the country often use coke. Of course, Breaking Bad portrays those on the top of the drug trade as mimicking in dress and life style the paragons of business and societal virtue, further blurring the boundaries between criminality and legitimacy. Indeed, Breaking Bad has a vivid relevance to the entire social space in Gilligan's America as there seems to be no available option that encourages breaking good!
Part of what makes Walt such a memorable character is his mercurial personality that contain unpredictable, yet plausible swerves and shifts, and is dramatically expressed by completely irrational and frightening out-of-control moments that he often apologises for on the next day, and are counterpoised against ultra-rational mini-lectures on what line of action is wisest to take. For instance, at a silly poolside party (epitomising what goes on in polite middle class Albuquerque) when for no apparent reason, Walt diabolically pressures his disabled teenage son, Walt Jr, to get disasterously drunk on tequila. He then gets furious when Hank, his DEA brother in law, Hank Schrader, in a good natured way interferes to prevent this patently improper father-son interaction from doing further self-inflicted damage to Walt. This disturbing incident is out of character for Walt as he normally treats his son with loving kindness.
Law in the back seat
In another episode, Walt is stopped by a highway patrol officer while driving at a normal speed in the desert countryside. The policeman explains that Walt's car was stopped because its windshield was shattered, making it unsafe and unlawful to drive. When the officer starts writing out a ticket for driving such a vehicle, Walt goes ballistic. He had earlier told the policeman that the damage to the windshield was caused by debris that fell from a fatal plane crash that had occurred in the city a few days earlier. The policeman responded by saying that it does not matter how the damage was done, that driving a car in this condition is against the law and deserves a ticket. Walt becomes wildly defiant, disobeys orders to stay in his car, yelling insults and obscenities at the officer, uncontrollably shouting he has "rights" that are being denied. After being warned more than once, Walt is bloodied and taken into custody. The police - like the drug enforcers - seem to have no instruments of control other than when obedience to the norms fails, to have recourse to the excesses of violence. Hank, his DEA brother in law, comes to his rescue, intercedes to obtain Walt's immediate release from prison. Once again the law, such as it is, takes a back seat to the corrupting play of personal relations. In both of these incidents Walt after the fact apologises in a tone of solemnity, insisting that he was acting out of character, including vague intimations that his medical condition may have been indirectly responsible.
There is an unusual structural feature throughout the series. There are several dyads or pairings of character. Walt and Skyler (his wife), Walt and Jesse, Walt and Gus, Walt and Hank (DEA), Skyler and her sister, Marie (also Hank's wife), two lawyers, two drug enforcers, two child foot soldiers for neighbourhood drug dealing. In various episodes either Walt and his wife or Walt and Jesse are placed at the centre of the action. Skyler is the seemingly good woman and loyal wife, but also dipping her toes deeper and deeper into dirty water by covering up the crimes of her boss as well as indulging in a workplace romance with this sleazy character, and soon shifting from abhorrence about Walt's meth money to a pragmatic use of such funds for the sake of family values, paying the medical bills of Hank. Nothing is as it seems, especially nothing that purports to be good is really good, except perhaps the sincerity of the biologically damaged Walt, Jr, who also at least flirts with indeterminacy by adopting the name "Flynn" to alter his identity until he reverts to Walt, Jr, when his cherished father is banished from home by Skyler after she finally discovers that he has been lying to her for many months, maintaining a secret double life, and obtaining funds far beyond his salary by dealing in drugs, and not as he has insisted, through the generosity of (hated) rich friends who had actually made a fortune by stealing his ideas.
The crude justice of the American Underworld
As with any imagined fiction, from Shakespeare to Gilligan (and his team of nine writers) what engages an audience is the vividness of the characters and the suspense, illuminations, and hypnotic strangeness of the narrative. The message and cultural critique are secondary to these dramatic qualities, and definitely, Breaking Bad holds our attention mainly by taking us on a wild roller coaster ride with its principal characters that envelops the viewers in the unfolding drama.
The series brilliantly holds our attention, and doesn't really need the scenes of extreme violence that are present in almost every episode - bloody beatings and killings with gory details, almost unwatchable brutality - but these are made to seem thematically integral, and punctuate with exclamation points the crude justice of both the underworld of drugs and the socially proper world of law, police, and business. There is even one grisly murder in which a stolen ATM machine is used as a weapon to crush a totally unsympathetic victim's head. A symbolic eloquence is present in such a crime: the complex interplay of money, violence, and criminality is epitomised. Why? In some ways I believe that Breaking Bad is itself a symptom of what it decries. It "entertains" us by its exhibitions of extreme violence and criminality because anything less seems assumed not to engage sufficiently the modern public imagination, especially here in America where even the idea of minimal gun control proposed after a series of horrific domestic massacres is met with collective rage and derision. The gun lobby's incredibly influential NGO, the NRA, tells us that there will be no ban on even assault weaponry while gun enthusiasts stock up such killing machines because they are fearful that a ban may be imposed, and this would be intolerable, for gun extremists by itself grounds to take up arms against the already hated government in Washington. Also, of course, AMC network and Sony Pictures Television are both providers of the ATM used for making Breaking Bad at $3 million per episode, and reap the monetary benefits and prestige of the show's deserved critical success.
In the end, the question posed for me by Breaking Bad is whether moral, political, and societal authenticity is any longer possible given the overall present nature of American popular culture. The government is far from exempt from such criticism if account is taken of the heavy militarist and carbon American footprint throughout much of the world, and the damage done to young Americans sent off to die in wars of no meaningful consequences for the protection of the homeland. I am someone who has spent his entire life in this country, appreciating its freedoms and supportive of its various achievements of moral progress (for instance, the selection of an African American to be its president), although long critical of the gap between its proclaimed values and behaviour, especially in relations with the non-Western world.
I find myself now for the first time contemplating the adoption of an "expatriate consciousness". I interpret this temptation as an expression of political despair on my part, a giving up on the future of the country after eight decades of hope and struggle. It is not only discouragement with the failures of substantive democracy that leaves the 99 percent in a permanent condition of precarious limbo, while the supposedly "liberal" leadership and citizenry seems to sleep well despite terrorising distant foreign communities with drone violence inflicted for the supposed sake of our "security".
It is also the increasing failures of procedural democracy, the chances offered to the public by elections and political parties, that makes me feel that the most I can hope for during my lifetime is "the lesser of two evils", allowing me recently the pleasure of a sigh of relief that it was Obama not Romney who was elected in 2012. Yet this was an electoral campaign in which both sides refused to confront any of the deeper challenges confronting the country. Each side refused to take the presumed political risks of raising such issues as the predatory nature of neoliberal globalisation, the ecological death trip of climate change, and the idiocy of "the long war" with its global battlefield unleashed after the 9/11 attacks. I fully realise that I am transforming Breaking Bad into a metaphor for my own malaise, and I am unsure how Vince Gilligan would react if confronted with such reactions. But does that matter? The autonomy of the viewer is as valid as the intentions of the creator!
Whatever may be the intention of those who put the series together, I do think Breaking Bad, whether deliberately or not, raises disturbing political and cultural questions, somewhat analogous to issues powerfully posed a generation ago by David Lynch in Blue Velvet. This Lynch movie remains one of the great filmic chronicles of the underside of America that has become almost indistinguishable from the self-congratulatory America of patriotic parades and holiday speeches by politicians. This dark criminality that lurks just below the surface of polite society is air brushed out of our collective consciousness by the mega-escapism of spectacles, sports, celebrations of militarism, and a pacifying mainstream media. What I am saying, in effect, is that Breaking Bad works fantastically well as entertainment, but that it is also a reliable journalistic source confirming the bad news about several uncontrolled wild fires burning up the country, and the world.
Richard Falk is Albert G. Milbank Professor Emeritus of International Law at Princeton University and Visiting Distinguished Professor in Global and International Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is also the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Palestinian human rights.
Richard Falk is Albert G Milbank Professor Emeritus of International Law at Princeton University and Research Fellow, Orfalea Center of Global Studies. He is also former UN Special Rapporteur on Palestinian human rights.
@ rfalk13


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Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna
ECON GE-2
midterm.docx - LIVING IN THE IT ERA(LITE 2 SEMESTER ACADEMIC YEAR 2020-2021 ND Prepared by RONA M PUNZALAN Instructor MODULE IN LITE-LIVING IN THE IT
midterm.docx - LIVING IN THE IT ERA(LITE 2 SEMESTER...
School Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna
Course Title ECON GE-2
Uploaded By phathero
LITE review lesson.docx
GROUP9_GroupActivity1.png
GROUP3-BSA1D-ECON.pptx
Linear Stages Theory
ECON REVIEWER.docx
CONSERVATION AND PRESERVATION OF NATIONAL ASSETS.docx
Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
ENGLISH ENGLISH LI
5403-PS.docx
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • ECON GE-2
Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad • ENGLISH ENGLISH LI
LIVING IN THE IT ERA (LITE) 2 ND SEMESTER ACADEMIC YEAR 2020-2021 Prepared by: RONA M. PUNZALAN Instructor MODULE IN LITE-LIVING IN THE IT ERA Credits : 3 units ( 3 hrs / week) Pre-Requisite : None Week 1 Lesson Title: Introduction To Living in the IT Era Lesson Objective: At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to: o Know when the digital age took place o Identify the different types of communication from early time up to the present. o Know the role and importance of ICT What does it mean when we say Digital Age? Reference:
Bosamia, M. P. (2013, December). Researchgate. Retrieved from _of_In formation_and_Communication_Technology_in_our_Everyday_Life Senanayake), A. (2015, May 22). shareslide.net. Retrieved from - information-and communication-technology Introduction Gaining traction in terms of providing outsourcing services not only for customer support but also for outsourcing tech services to different foreign businesses. What's promising about the Philippine IT industry is that it's still growing and it's the perfect time to outsource your business' tech needs. 6 Reasons why the Philippine IT Industry is Booming (and why you should take advantage today) 1. The Philippines is going through tech evolution Local and foreign investors are starting to enhance their businesses to pave way for more tech innovations in the country. Information-based products and services are becoming more popular; more apps are being produced by the day and with possible integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and sensory technology — one can expect more changes in the not-so-distant future. E-commerce is highly in demand too; nowadays, people have a constant desire for customized shopping and payment methods. 2. When it comes to technology, brand marketing has never been more challenging, especially with all the available channels they can tap into There are countless opportunities thanks to tech, and as long as there are consumers and businesses, tech will never die — especially not in the Philippines, which is considered the "Fastest Growing Smartphone Market in ASEAN". It's got the government's support. The Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) is the executive department of the country that is in charge of developing, planning, and promoting information and communications technology (ICT) to further national growth and development. They are said to prioritize the provision of public free Wi-Fi access, a national ICT Portal, and a National Broadband Plan to deploy fiber optic cables and wireless technology to further expand 3G, 4G, and LTE services throughout the country. When even the government is involved in its growth, the Philippine IT industry is surely intentional in terms of growing and expanding its reach.
HIS 1
a461496 (1).pdf
FFNANCIALF 13209304
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BSIT 303
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Computer Viruses and Malware.pdf ( PDFDrive ).pdf
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • HIS 1
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • FFNANCIALF 13209304
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • BSIT 303
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • BSED 3-ENGLISH
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • CIS MISC
Dalubhasaan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo - San Pablo City, Laguna • BSIT 11111


"The House Price Index for November 2018 released today revealed that while house prices dropped marginally month to month they have risen by 2.6% since November 2017 with the average mortgage over the year also rising by about the same.
"The London bubble is finally deflating after years of growth, with terraced being the only form of housing not dropping in price over the past year. However, regardless of this drop first time buyers in the capital still face an uphill struggle to get a set of keys to their first home. Such vast differences in the regional cost of a home for this group will start to take its toll on London's skilled workers moving forward.
"Research by estate agents Hamptons International last year found the proportion of Londoners ditching the capital to move up north has tripled since 2010. Cities such as Manchester are seeing an influx of people simply unwilling to fork out huge sums for a roof over their head and London's grip might be loosening on Britain's brightest and best. While it is natural that you would imagine prices to be higher in a capital city of any country it is frankly ridiculous that the average mortgage for someone in London is £210,937 more expensive than the rest of England.
Quilter Private Client Advisers is an appointed representative of Intrinsic and part of Quilter plc.
Quilter plc oversees £118.1 billion in customer investments (as at 30 September 2018).
It has an adviser and customer offering spanning: financial advice; investment platforms; multi-asset investment solutions and discretionary fund management.
The business is comprised of two segments: Wealth Platforms and Advice and Wealth Management.
Advice and Wealth Management encompasses the financial planning network, Intrinsic; Quilter Private Client Advisers; discretionary fund management business, Quilter Cheviot; and Quilter Investors, the Multi-asset investment solutions business.


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Als Sorraia bezeichnet man eine Pferderasse aus Portugal, die aus Nachkommen einer kleinen Population wildlebender Pferde, die erst im Jahre 1920 entdeckt wurde, hervorgegangen sein soll. Sie sollen auch die Urahnen der American Sulphur, gewesen sein, die von Christoph Kolumbus auf den Schiffen nach Amerika mitgenommen und vor der Rückkehr nach Europa in Amerika freigelassen wurden.

Mitunter wird behauptet, beim Sorraia handle es sich um ein iberisches Wildpferd, obwohl es sich genetisch nicht von anderen iberischen Hauspferden unterscheidet.

Exterieur

Sorraias sind kleine oder mittelgroße Pferde. Sie haben einen schmalen Ramskopf, einen schlanken Hals, der bei gutgenährten Hengsten kräftig ist und an Andalusier und Lusitanos erinnert. Ihr Körper ist schlank, mit schmaler Brust, gutem Widerrist, manchmal Neigung zum Karpfenrücken, guter Gurttiefe, dachförmiger Kruppe, flacher Bemuskelung, verhältnismäßig langen Beinen mit langen Röhren und mittelgroßen Hufen. Der schlanke Körperbau ähnelt dem von Vollblütern.

Sorraias sind fast immer falbfarben, entweder graufalb oder gelbfalb (braunfalb), und haben eine dunkle Maul- und Gesichtspartie. Selten kommen Dunkelbraune vor; diese werden, ebenso wie solche mit deutlichen weißen Abzeichen, aus der Zucht ausgeschlossen, da hier Fremdbluteinfluss (eventuell vom Garrano oder Asturcon) vermutet wird. Mähne und Schweif sind typischerweise zweifarbig, der dunkle Mittelstreifen, die Verlängerung des Aalstrichs, ist von hellen, oft fast weißen Haaren beidseitig flankiert. Wie alle echten Falben haben sie einen Aalstrich. Viele haben Zebrastreifen an den Beinen, nicht selten auch Schulter- und Halsstreifen. Fohlen zeigen oft deutlich sichtbare Zebrastreifen auf dem Hinterleib. Angeblich trat die Zebrierung auch bei ausgewachsenen Pferden zum Zeitpunkt der Entdeckung des Sorraiapferds noch deutlicher auf als bei den heutigen Sorraias, dies belegende Fotos sind jedoch nicht bekannt.

Geschichte
Der portugiesische Zoologe und Hippologe Ruy d'Andrade begründete die Zucht dieser Pferderasse, nachdem er eine Herde anscheinend wild lebender Pferde nahe dem Fluss Sorraia ausmachte. Ruy d'Andrade hielt diese Pferde für Vorfahren der Andalusier und Lusitanos, was durch einige genetische Untersuchungen belegt werden konnte, von anderen jedoch widerlegt wurde. Er begann 1937 ein Erhaltungszuchtprogramm mit einem Bestand von 3 Hengsten und 7 Stuten, davon 1 tragend von einem unbekannten Hengst. 1948 wurde als letztes Fremdblut ein grauer, stark zebrierter, aus Argentinien importierter Criollo hinzugefügt. 1976 wurden 3 Stuten (1 davon von einem Sorraiahengst tragend) und 3 Hengste nach Deutschland importiert. 2004 wurde ein Zuchtbuch mit insgesamt 564 gelisteten Individuen veröffentlicht, die vollständig auf die Gründerpferde zurückgeführt werden können.

Die heutigen Sorraias leben mehrheitlich in Robusthaltung. Der Fortbestand der Rasse gilt als stark gefährdet durch die geringe Zahl, die zerstreuten Bestände, die enge Verwandtschaft und daraus resultierende Mängel an Vitalität, und den in jüngster Zeit erfolgten Exporten von Zuchttieren nach Amerika zur Weiterzucht von Spanish Mustangs. Der portugiesische Pferdezuchtverband betreut die Sorraias wie eine Pferderasse und nicht im Sinne ihres Entdeckers und Erhalters Ruy d'Andrade. Es gibt derzeit nur ein Projekt, in dem Sorraias in einem Reservat wild und sich selbst überlassen leben, das Vale de Zebro Refuge in Portugal, welches sich in Privathand befindet. Das sogenannte Portugiesische Reservat zur Erhaltung der Sorraia-Pferde besteht nur aus einer kleinen Gruppe von Tieren in normaler und für portugiesische Verhältnisse enger Weidehaltung. Die meisten Sorraias sind im Besitz der Familie d'Andrade und leben zum Teil halbwild.

Sorraia-Zucht in Deutschland
In Deutschland gibt es einen für den Fortbestand der Spezies bedeutenden Bestand von ungefähr 60 Tieren, hauptsächlich aus der Zucht des im Jahr 2001 verstorbenen Münchner Hippologen und Tierarztes Michael Schäfer, der sie seit 1975 auch in seinen Büchern beschrieb, und die bis heute durch seine Witwe, ebenfalls Tierärztin, fortgeführt wird.

In der aktuellen zoologischen Lehrmeinung in Deutschland handelt es sich bei Sorraiapferden nicht um Wildpferde, sondern um wieder verwilderte Hauspferde. Das ist der Grund dafür, dass Sorraiapferde in Deutschland nur im Wisentgehege Springe und sonst in keinen zoologischen Gärten und Wildgehegen gehalten werden. Gerhard Freutel schreibt im Mai 2012: "Im Wisentgehege Springe gibt es seit 1997 eine Herde von bis zu 15 Tieren. Die ersten Pferde sind damals in Portugal gekauft und vom Förderverein finanziert worden. Die Herde hat sich trotz schwieriger Bedingungen in der Zucht gut entwickelt. Die formale Zusammenarbeit mit dem Zuchtbuch, das in Lissabon geführt wird, ist sehr schwierig und der wesentliche Grund, weshalb im Wisentgehege zurzeit auf Zucht verzichtet wird. Bis zu unserem vorübergehenden Zuchtstopp in 2009 wurden 23 Fohlen in Springe geboren."

Aus Sicht des Wisentgeheges Springe ist das Überleben der Sorraia, von denen weltweit nur 150 Tiere leben, nicht nachhaltig gesichert. Erstens erkranken die Sorraia häufig am Sommerekzem, weil sie aufgrund ihrer Gene auf Kriebelmücken allergisch reagieren. Für die Sorraia ist deshalb nur ein Standort günstig, an dem Kriebelmücken nicht vorkommen. Zweitens gibt es zurzeit keine geachtete Autorität, die die Erhaltungszucht der Sorraia als Wildpferde durchsetzt und koordiniert. Dies wäre die Aufgabe der Zoologischen Gärten, die aber keine Erhaltungszucht der Sorraia als Rasse durchführen. Drittens gibt es für Erhaltungszüchter wie das Wisentgehege Springe nicht die Möglichkeit, die Sorraia aus ihrer Zucht an Zoologische Gärten abzugeben, die ihrerseits auch an der Erhaltungszucht der Sorraia als Wildpferde beteiligt sind. Deshalb hat das Wisentgehege nur die Möglichkeit, Sorraias an private Haltungen abzugeben, die keine Erhaltungszucht durchführen. (Stand März 2013)

Seit Frühjahr 2019 gibt es jedoch neue Hoffnung für den langfristigen Erhalt der Sorraias. Erstmals in Deutschland werden im Naturschutzgebiet Ferbitzer Bruch auf dem früheren Truppenübungsplatz Döberitzer Heide bei Berlin Sorraiapferde im Rahmen eines naturschutzorientierten Beweidungsprojektes des Naturschutz-Fördervereins Döberitzer Heide e. V. eingesetzt. Die im Juni 2019 eingesetzten Tiere wurden von dem Züchter Sven Sczygiel zur Verfügung gestellt. Seine Ursprungstiere stammen aus der Zucht von Michael Schäfer. Ziel des Vorhabens ist die koordinierte Erhaltungszucht in Verbindung mit halbwilder Haltung, die der Ursprünglichkeit dieser Pferde entspricht.

Literatur
 Michael Schäfer: Andalusische Pferde. Die Pferde Spaniens und Portugals. Nymphenburger, 1980, ISBN 3-485-01771-X.
 Michael Schäfer: Das Jahr des Pferdes. Kynos, 1987, ISBN 3-924008-34-5.
 Michael Schäfer: Die Sprache des Pferdes. Lebensweise, Verhalten, Ausdrucksformen. Franckh-Kosmos, 1993, ISBN 3-440-06704-1.
 Michael Schäfer: Handbuch Pferdebeurteilung. Franckh-Kosmos, 2007, ISBN 978-3-440-10916-8.
 Hardy Oelke: Das Sorraia-Pferd. Ein Urpferd aus Südiberien kämpft ums Überleben. In: Equivox Magazin. Ausgabe 114, 1. Juni 2001. ()

Weblinks

 Informationen über Sorraiapferde von Hardy Oelke

Einzelnachweise

Pferderasse


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Q: Does Spark support accessing data from master node or worker node? Is it possible to create a RDD using data from master or worker? I know that there is a option SC.textFile() which sources the data from local system (driver) similarly can we use something like "master:file://input.txt" ? because I am accessing a remote cluster and my input data size is large and cannot login to remote cluster.
I am not looking for S3 or HDFS. Please suggest if there is any other option.

A: Data in an RDD is always controlled by the Workers, whether it is in memory or located in a data-source.  To retrieve the data from the Workers into the Driver you can call collect() on your RDD.
You should put your file on HDFS or a filesystem that is available to all nodes.

A: The best way to do this is to as you stated use sc.textFile. To do that you need to make the file available on all nodes in the cluster. Spark provides an easy way to do this via the --files option for spark-submit. Simply pass the option followed by the path to the file that you need copied.

A: You can access the hadoop, file by creating hadoop configuration.
import org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkHadoopUtil
import java.io.{File, FileInputStream, FileOutputStream, InputStream}

val hadoopConfig = SparkHadoopUtil.get.conf
val fs = org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.get(new java.net.URI(fileName), hadoopConfig)
val fsPath = new org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path(fileName)

Once you get the path you can copy, delete, move or perform any operations.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home / Bollywood News / After Aamir Khan, Fatima Sana Shaikh to Work With Shah Rukh Khan in Salute?
After Aamir Khan, Fatima Sana Shaikh to Work With Shah Rukh Khan in Salute?
Apne Tv January 6, 2019 Bollywood News
Fatima Sana Shaikh to Feature in Shah Rukh Khan Starrer Salute? After Aamir Khan, Fatima Sana Shaikh to Work With SRK in Salute? Actress Fatima Sana Shaikh, who has worked with superstar Aamir Khan in two films, is likely to share the screen space with Shah Rukh Khan in Salute. If a report is to be believed, the makers are impressed with Fatima's performance and are considering her for the role. However, nothing official has been said on the same. It is being said that the film will go on floors in February. Interestingly, a couple of days back, the actress confessed her love for SRK.
According to a report in Bollywood Hungama, "The makers are still on a hunt for the leading lady. Fatima Sana Shaikh too is being considered for the role. They seem to be quite impressed with her performances and she is one of the leading contenders for it."
Earlier, Fatima stated that she feels nervous around SRK and is also dying to work with him. If this happens then it will be interesting to see how this fresh pair looks on the silver screen. Salute is the biopic of Rakesh Sharma, the first Indian to travel into space. Directed by Anurag Basu, the project will be bankrolled by Ronnie Screwvala and Siddharth Roy Kapur. On a related note, Fatima made her Bollywood debut with Aamir's Dangal. The movie broke many box office records and the lady was also praised for her performance. She was lately seen in Thugs of Hindostan. The film featured Aamir, Amitabh Bachchan and Katrina Kaif in crucial roles. Despite big stars, the movie couldn't do wonders at the ticket window. SRK, on the other hand, was seen playing the role of a dwarf in Zero. The film starred Katrina and Anushka Sharma with him. People had high expectations but it didn't fare well at the box office.


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I've been more or less retired from all of my web-based projects for the past year, so I'm ready to give this a try. I think I can automate things to the point that very little maintenance will be required, but there's a good amount of legwork to be done before I reach that point. If nothing else, I should learn a few things from this and maybe come up with some better ideas in the future.