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In Digital News, Events by Steve Harvey-Franklin 20th June 2019
The 10 most head-swivelling Wimbledon matches in history
July 1st marks the start of Britain's biggest annual sporting event – Wimbledon.
This year's tournament will see the return of British favourite Andy Murray following hip surgery – but will he be able to secure his third Wimbledon title?
Before Murray and your other favourite players like Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal head out to centre court, check out our ace serving of the 10 most epic Wimbledon matches of all time.
1. King vs Evert – 1973
By 1973, Billie Jean King was an established player with three Wimbledon wins under her belt. However, there were high expectations for her opponent Chris Evert, who sailed through to the semi-final during her debut at the 1971 US Open aged just 16.
The significance of this 1973 Wimbledon Women's final lies in the fact that a then 29-year-old King was able to extend her prime years by defeating an upcoming player who represented the future of women's tennis.
2. Borg vs McEnroe – 1980
The rivalry between Bjorn Borg and John McEnroe during the 1970s and 80s was often described as fire and ice, due to the contrast between Bjorn's cool demeanour and McEnroe's fiery temper.
The fourth set of the 1980 final produced what is considered some of the best tennis of all time, in a lengthy 34-point tie break which saw McEnroe save five match points and win 18-16, taking the match to a fifth set. Ultimately, it was Borg who won the fifth set 8-6, securing his fifth Wimbledon win – a record at the time.
3. Navratilova & Shriver vs Jordan & Smith – 1984
Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were a dynamic duo who broke countless records during their careers and the Wimbledon Women's Doubles final of 1984 saw them secure their fourth consecutive win.
What makes this achievement all the more special is that it happened during a 109-match winning streak for the pair from 1983 to 1985 – the longest doubles winning streak in the Open era.
4. Becker vs Curren – 1985
As an unseeded player, no one could have predicted that Boris Becker would make it to the Wimbledon final.
He was playing against the number 8 seed Kevin Curren and won the match in four sets, becoming the youngest male player to have won Wimbledon, aged just 17, as well as the first German and unseeded player to win.
5. Graf vs Navratilova – 1988
Excitement was high as Steffi Graf and Martina Navratilova played their second consecutive Wimbledon final in 1988.
Navratilova took the first set and looked on course for another victory, but Graf overpowered her in the second and third sets, putting an end to Navratilova's five consecutive years of Wimbledon wins.
6. Williams vs Davenport – 2005
The anticipation for the 2005 final between Venus Williams and Lindsay Davenport was sky high. Although both were former Wimbledon champions, neither had won a grand slam for a number of years – so fans knew they'd fight tooth and nail to emerge victorious.
Davenport looked comfortable to win in two sets, with a 6-5 lead. However, as she served for the title, Williams' long-delayed rally began, taking the match into a third set which Williams won 9-7, thus securing her third Wimbledon title instead.
7. Isner vs Mahut – 2010
The most memorable matches can happen at any stage in the tournament, as demonstrated by this first round match between John Isner and Nicholas Mahut, which lasted a whopping 11 hours and 5 minutes (played over three days) – the longest in Wimbledon history.
It was Isner who finally won the match, only to be knocked out of the competition in the following round.
8. Murray vs Djokovic – 2013
When Andy Murray made it to the Wimbledon final for the second year in a row, this time up against world number one Novak Djokovic, many were worried that he'd once again fall at final hurdle.
However, in a tense final game that saw Murray lose out on three match points, he defeated his opponent in straight sets, thus becoming the first British male to win Wimbledon in 77 years – an incredible moment for the whole nation.
9. Federer vs Cilic – 2017
All eyes were on Roger Federer during the 2017 championships. Having lifted the trophy seven times, another win would see him break the record for the number of Wimbledon wins.
In the final, he was up against the far less experienced Marin Cilic, who many predicted wouldn't offer tough enough competition for the Federer Express.
True to form, Federer, won the match in straight sets, in just 1 hour and 41 minutes. For many, this match sealed his legacy as the greatest male tennis player of all time.
10. Hewett & Reid vs Gerard & Olson – 2018
The men's wheelchair doubles final of 2018 was a nail-biting match which saw British dream team Alfie Hewett and Gordon Reid play some terrific tennis as they flew through the first set winning six games in a row in just 25 minutes.
What followed was a thrilling second set that saw Olson tip out of his chair before regaining balance. Hewett and Reid won the set 6-4 – securing their third consecutive win.
If this year's Wimbledon produces magic moments on par with any of our picks, we're in for a treat – stay tuned from July 1st-14th to find out.
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Se denomina PM10 a pequeñas partículas sólidas o líquidas de polvo, cenizas, hollín, partículas metálicas, cemento o polen, dispersas en la atmósfera, y cuyo diámetro aerodinámico es menor que 10 µm (1 micrómetro corresponde la milésima parte de 1 milímetro). Están formadas principalmente por compuestos inorgánicos como silicatos y aluminatos, metales pesados, entre otros, y material orgánico asociado a partículas de carbono (hollín).

La contaminación atmosférica por material particulado es la alteración de la composición natural de la atmósfera como consecuencia de la entrada en suspensión de partículas, ya sea por causas naturales o por la acción humana (causas antropogénicas).

Fuentes de PM10

Fenómenos naturales

Incendios forestales
Emisiones volcánicas
Nubes de polvo

Actividades humanas
Actividades industriales
La contaminación generada por la combustión en los automóviles
Actividades productivas
Labores agrícolas o de construcción
Resuspensión de polvo
Quema agrícola

Escala de clasificación
Las partículas se categorizan según su tamaño, pueden tener cualquier forma y pueden ser sólidas o gotas líquidas.

Las partículas grandes miden entre 2,5 y 10 micrómetros (de 25 a 100 veces más delgados que un cabello humano).

Pequeñas: Las partículas pequeñas son menores a 2,5 micrómetros (100 veces más delgadas que un cabello humano). Estas partículas son conocidas como PM2.5

En algunos casos, también se toma en cuenta una cota inferior del diámetro, cuando es relevante. Por ejemplo, PM10-PM2.5 es la resta entre PM10 menos PM2.5, siendo sólo las más grandes. Cuando no hay lugar a confusión, se indica sólo PM10.

Normativa europea
Directiva 2008/50/CE del Consejo de 21 de mayo de 2008 relativa a los valores límite de dióxido de azufre, dióxido de nitrógeno y óxidos de nitrógeno, partículas y plomo en el aire ambiente. La directiva anterior 1999/30/CE fue derogada desde 11 de junio de 2010 por la directiva 2008/50/CE.

OMS
Las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS en 2005 fueron:

Referencias

Véase también
 Aerosol
 Cambio climático
 Contaminación atmosférica
 Calentamiento global
 Guerra biológica
 Influencia antropogénica sobre el clima
 Oscurecimiento global
 PM2.5

Enlaces externos
 Air Pollution in World Cities (PM10 Concentrations)
 European Environment Agency
 La contaminación por PM10, MurciaSalud.

Contaminantes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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For forty-five years, from 1948 until 1993, the Royal Australian Air Force conducted an apprentice training scheme to provide skilled tradesmen for its engineering and radio musterings. The many thousands of youths who passed through the scheme comprised not just Australians but Pakistanis and New Zealanders too, and in its later years included girls as well as boys. For such a technical service as the RAAF, apprentice training was a key element in providing a solid foundation for supporting and maintaining an increasingly complex range of aircraft and other euipment systems.
This book provides a documented record of the scheme's origins, rationale and development. It also traces the debate which gave recognition to the service's changing requirements and ultimately led to the termination of apprentice training. Here is recounted not just the story of the two technical trade streams of the scheme, but the short-lived clerical Equivalent—the Junior Equipment and Administrative Trainee Scheme) and the later but equally short-lived Technologist Apprentice Scheme, as well as the crucial connections between early apprentices and the Diploma (later Engineer) Cadet Squadron which was established to provide tertiary-trained technical officers.
In addition to providing an absorbing narrative and analysis of the various training schemes, the book contains a detailed listing of the more than 7000 graduates from them: nearly 5000 engineering apprentices, nearly 1100 radio apprentices, 255 junior trainees, 372 Technologist Apprentices, and just over 600 DCS/ECS members.


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Concepts of Cabralism
Amilcar Cabral and Africana Critical Theory
Reiland Rabaka
By examining Amilcar Cabral's theories and praxes, as well as several of the antecedents and major influences on the evolution of his radical politics and critical social theory, Concepts of Cabralism:Amilcar Cabral and Africana Critical Theory simultaneously reintroduces, chronicles, and analyzes several of the core characteristics of the Africana tradition of critical theory. Reiland Rabaka's primary preoccupation is with Cabral's theoretical and political legacies—that is to say, with the ways in which he constructed, deconstructed, and reconstructed theory and the aims, objectives, and concrete outcomes of his theoretical applications and discursive practices. The book begins with the Negritude Movement, and specifically the work of Léopold Senghor, Aimé Césaire, and Jean-Paul Sartre. Next, it shifts the focus to Frantz Fanon's discourse on radical disalienation and revolutionary decolonization. Finally, it offers an extended engagement of Cabral's critical theory and contributions to the Africana tradition of critical theory. Ultimately, Concepts of Cabralism chronicles and critiques, revisits and revises the black radical tradition with an eye toward the ways in which classical black radicalism informs, or should inform, not only contemporary black radicalism, African nationalism, and Pan-Africanism, but also contemporary efforts to create a new anti-racist, anti-sexist, anti-capitalist, anti-colonialist, and anti-imperialist critical theory of contemporary society—what has come to be called "Africana critical theory."
Pages: 386 • Trim: 6½ x 9¼
978-0-7391-9210-8 • Hardback • July 2014 • $126.00 • (£97.00)
978-0-7391-9926-8 • Paperback • August 2015 • $53.99 • (£42.00)
Series: Critical Africana Studies
Subjects: Social Science / Black Studies (Global), Philosophy / Political, Philosophy / Social, Social Science / Ethnic Studies / General, Social Science / Ethnic Studies / African American Studies, Social Science / Gender Studies, Social Science / World / Africa
Reiland Rabaka is professor of African, African American, and Caribbean studies in the Department of Ethnic Studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder, where he also has affiliations with the Women & Gender Studies Program, Humanities Program, Center for Studies of Ethnicity & Race in America (CSERA), and School of Education. He is the author of twelve books, including Africana Critical Theory, Against Epistemic Apartheid, Forms of Fanonism, and The Negritude Movement.
Introduction: Contours of Cabralism
Part I: Return to the Source: The Philosophical Foundations of Cabral's Critical Theory
Chapter 1: The Negritude Movement: Cesaire, Senghor, and Critical Social Theory
Chapter 2: Fanonism: Fanon's Dialectic of Radical Disalienation and Revolutionary Decolonization
Part II: The Weapon of Theory: Cabral's Critical Theory and Revolutionary Praxis
Chapter 3: Cabral's Critical Theory of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, and Imperialism
Chapter 4: Cabral's Critical Theory of Marxism, Nationalism, and Humanism
Chapter 5: Cabral's Critical Theory of History, Culture, and National Liberation
Part III: The Africana Tradition of Critical Theory: Cabral and the Decolonization and Re-Africanization of Radical Politics, Critical Social Theory, and Revolutionary Praxis
Chapter 6: Africana Critical Theory in the Aftermath of Amilcar Cabral and Cabralism's Contributions
Rabaka contributes to radical black politics and Africana critical social theory and exceeds expectations on both counts. Six chapters guide readers through a corpus that 'draws from a diverse array of often eclectic and enigmatic sources and, therefore, offers no closed system or absolute truths.'. . . .Rabaka's critical introduction outlines Cabral's biography and the genealogy of his thought. Chapter 1 begins with a provocative claim: 'in many respects Frantz Fanon and Amilcar Cabral represent the pillars and pinnacle of the Africana tradition of critical theory in the second half of the 20th century.' The author situates the dialectic task before black thinkers as 'challenging both whites' demonization and Blacks' romanticism' of Africa. Chapter 2 carefully outlines Fanon's challenge to negritude. Fanon's method for apprehending the totalizing effects of European colonialism becomes cartographic in Rabaka's reading of Cabral's engagement with colonialism, neocolonialism, imperialism, Marxism, and history. The book ends by articulating Cabral's usefulness for Rabaka's larger vision of Africana critical theory. An original contribution to Africana philosophy and studies, critical theory, and currently reemerging anticolonial paradigms throughout the academy. A must-have. Summing Up: Essential. Upper-division undergraduates and above.
— Choice
Reiland Rabaka has brought together a comprehensive review of Amilcar Cabral and his intellectual legacy that will be indispensable for researchers and students alike. Contextualising Cabral's ideas and praxis within the framework of those of Frantz Fanon, and Marxist and Africana critical theory, makes this an extraordinary tour de force.
— Firoze Manji, Carleton University
Concepts of Cabralism fills a lacuna in the 21st century black studies archive. It is a book that demands that Amilcar Cabral no longer be a footnote in the scholarship on and about the black radical tradition. Reiland Rabaka clearly and cogently provides a valuable matrix to understand Cabral in relation to other great Africana thinkers. Concepts of Cabralism illustrates that Cabral's ideas are not dead, but of extreme contemporary import.
— P. Khalil Saucier, Bucknell University
After its detailed examination of the intellectual contexts provided by the Negritude Movement and Frantz Fanon, Concepts of Cabralism dives into a masterful reading of works by the important, but currently overlooked, figure of Amilcar Cabral. It is a must read for scholars of Cabral, the larger Black Radical Tradition, and the even larger field of contemporary Africana thought. A timely contribution to all of these fields.
— Paget Henry, Brown University
• Winner, Choice Outstanding Academic Title

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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1.6 Equity buybacks, de-listing and reversion to a 'private' company
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A topology construction from line drawings using a uniform plane subdivision technique
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The course presents a systematic approach to design and assembly of mechanical assemblies, which should be of interest to engineering professionals, as well as post-baccalaureate students of mechanical, manufacturing and industrial engineering. It introduces mechanical and economic models of assemblies and assembly automation at two levels. "Assembly in the small" includes basic engineering models of part mating, and an explanation of the Remote Center Compliance. "Assembly in the large" takes a
Author(s): Whitney, Daniel E.
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BioWare's Anthem game is getting closer and closer to release on February 22, and so it's almost time for the studio to begin putting out their demo and beta periods. However, they won't be indicative of what the game will look like, and here's how the Anthem demo differences stack up.
Along with being able to do a few missions, you'll also be able to walk around Fort Tarsis a little, which also means you'll be getting exposed to the in-game economy, which will also be much different in the actual fully-released game.
The Anthem demo differences also mean that the beta won't be indicative of the quality of the final game. Instead, it will be seen more as a "snapshot" of what the game was at the end of 2018. This means that the demo would be missing six weeks' worth of bug fixes, the gameplay balance between strongholds, missions, and freeplay will be off, PC controls will be less nuanced, and other things have been renamed for clarity in the actual game.
Darrah also went more into the microtransactions that will be available in the game. Unlike other EA games like in Battlefront 2 before release, microtransactions in the game will be much like Destiny 2's, mainly in that they'll exclusively be vanity items that you can use to trick out and customize your Javelins.
If you've pre-ordered Anthem, you can look at the Anthem demo differences when the VIP demo becomes available this coming Sunday on January 25, until January 27. However, another demo, this one intended for all players, will be available a week after, from February 1 to February 3.
Hopefully the Anthem demo gameplay gives the game a good image, and hopefully the game will be successful enough on release to help redeem BioWare from the very underwhelming Mass Effect: Andromeda. Anthem comes out on the Xbox One, Playstation 4, and PC on February 22.


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Q: Do I need a nonce field for every meta box I add to my custom post type admin? I'm currently working on the admin page of my custom post type, and I got stuck on deciding whether to add a nonce field again for the second metabox or not. I'm very new to custom post types, and searching online about this doesn't really yield that many results.
Any thoughts? Thanks.

A: You could also hook the submit box that never dissapears adding the nonce field to it
add_action( 'post_submitbox_start', 'theme_submitdiv_extra' );
function theme_submitdiv_extra()
{
  wp_nonce_field( 'theme_meta_box_nonce', 'meta_box_nonce' );
}

Then, in your save_post action:
if( !isset( $_POST['meta_box_nonce'] ) || !wp_verify_nonce( $_POST['meta_box_nonce'], 'theme_meta_box_nonce' ) ) return;

A: I would recommend so.
You do (and should) have your own nonce with which to check the origin of the data and the intent of the user. If you have just one nonce for a metabox - then you run into problems if that metabox is removed (not the same as hidden). If removed the second metabox will (or at least should) never save since the nonce is longer sent.
Of course from a security point of view, nothing is added by a second nonce - unless you ever wish to only update one metabox and not the other: nonces should be unique to the action.

Edit
As pointed out there is only one form for the post edit screen. So, in theory, you only need one nonce field with which to validate the action and the origin of the data. However, since metaboxes can be removed - by having a nonce field in only one metabox there is no guarantee the nonce will be there. By placing a nonce field in each metabox you can check if data from that metabox has been sent (and is actually from where you think it is) prior to processing any data. E.g:
save_post_call_back($post_id){

  //Check this is not an auto-save route

  if(nonce of metabox1 present and valid){
     //Process data from metabox1
  }else{
    //Either metabox removed - or invalid nonce. Take no action.
  }

  if(nonce of metabox2 present and valid){
     //Process data from metabox2
  }else{
    //Either metabox removed - or invalid nonce. Take no action.
  }

}

The name of the nonce field should be unique to the metabox (and not clash with any other nonces that are present on the form from other plug-ins).
The nonce value should be unique to the action (and this generally should include the origin of the data (e.g. edit-post as opposed to quick-edit)). I generally include the post ID too.

A: The nonce field is used to validate that the contents of the form came from the location on the current site and not somewhere else.
codex: wp_nonce_field
only one nonce field per form is required, use more that one as not sense for me.
maybe you can investigate and use check_admin_referer() to be sure your request is from an admin page

A: In WP 3.5.2 The whole edit page is wrapped in a form-tag so you should NOT add your own form-tags !! If still do that and try to add another separate custom meta box it will fail when saving and only lead you to wp-admin home when trying to save!!
Also Do NOT add the NONCE field either as there is only supposed to be one per form (this also might make it fail!!) And the page edit already has a nonce field!
Edit:
The thing is 1) since there is only one Form-tag for the whole edit screen, as the correct answer author has admitted, and 2) it automatically has an nonce added to it. Why would you have to add more? It will always have the nonce no matter what...
The intent is in my view to edit the page by content or meta data eg. one nonce field... Also when I tried to add more it doesn't even work with multiple meta-boxes!! One will work and the other will fail and only redirect the user to wp-admin home!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Ari Shavit's "My Promised Land"
There are two important stories about My Promised Land, Israeli journalist Ari Shavit's memoir cum interviews cum meditation on Israel: the story of the book, itself, and the story of the enthusiastic reception it has received in America (and decidedly will not receive in Israel.) This post will take up the first story.
I read the book last night, and I couldn't put it down, not because it is well-written (aside from the interviews I found it full of clichés and bombast) but because I wanted to get it over with in one sitting. This doesn't mean that I think it an unimportant book; on the contrary, it is vital reading for anybody who wishes to understand the mentality of the secular Israeli elite, of what Shavit calls the Israeli WASP – the White Ashkenazi secular peacenik (or former peacenik, since he no longer believes that peace is possible).
There have been good reviews of the book by Noam Sheizaf and Jerome Slater (who shows how selective and ahistorical Shavit's account is). But the one that resonated best with my reactions is by Avrum Burg in Haaretz. Rather than write my own review, I will cite passages from Burg's review with which I agree.
The Ari Shavit of this book often sees himself as the awareness, perhaps even the conscience, of Israel as it could have been, as he would wish it to be. If this is the secret of the book, it is also the source of its principal weakness: The blind spots in the conscience and awareness of Shavit in the book are also the weakness of the Israel that once was and has changed unrecognizably.
Like many on the Zionist left, of which he was once a respected member, though now he considers himself more realistic and less dogmatic, he says in effect: It's enough that I am aware of the wrongs, the crimes and the mistakes; I don't need to take responsibility for them or do anything about them. Creating an easy equation for himself, he proceeds to solve it without any problems. "And when I try to be honest about it, I see that the choice is stark: either reject Zionism because of Lydda, or accept Zionism along with Lydda."
But what about a bit more courage? Yes, he admits Israel's responsibility for the refugee problem, and, yes, he does open the windows of Israeli consciousness to the Palestinian narrative. But in the middle of the process, the preacher in him suddenly falls silent. Whereas Shavit generally knows what to do, and is ready with good recommendations for policy and action - on these issues, he stops short of offering some practical political and human measures to solve, whether completely or symbolically, the refugee challenge. Here Shavit doesn't take the last step of the thousand-kilometer journey. Here he is reluctant. All is written in a type of softness that is generally reserved for the observer. Even his few admonitions sound respectable, restrained, uttered with the national responsibility sensed by one who is aware of the tremendous power of written words.
I'll go one step further than Burg. Shavit makes claims that the most ardent Palestinian nationalist would endorse: Israel wiped Palestine off the map. The Zionists are responsible for the Palestinian catastrophe. The Israeli left doesn't realize that it's not about 67, it's about 48, etc. And yet he rejects any implications for Israel's responsibility to make amends for their actions. Like a contemporary politician, Shavit is willing to "accept upon himself full responsibility" and move on. Rather than doing the tough work of sitting down and working out a reasonable solution to 1948, or at least a way of living together, Shavit, paralyzed by anxieties, can only cower behind the Iron-Wall ghetto he has created unilaterally. And this unilateralism is the hallmark of traditional Zionism he admires so much. It is a Zionism that didn't need to carry out a physical transfer of the Palestinian natives because they had never been on their mental map of Palestine to begin with.
Actually, it's much worse than that. Shavit uses the fact that the Palestinians have justifiable grievances towards the Zionists from 1948 to argue against any accommodation with them, because, he claims, in their heart of hearts they cannot be satisfied with anything less than the end of the Zionist regime. But this conclusion is not that of his friend, the Arab rights lawyer Mohammed Dahla, who, although he will never accept the moral legitimacy of the Zionist regime, is willing to compromise on core issues, such as allowing the return of only those refugees who are languishing in squalid camps in Syria and Lebanon, But that sort of nuanced and pragmatic accommodation is entirely wasted on Shavit, whose existential fears allow him only to bemoan the "deep schism" between him and Mohammed and to ask, "What will happen to my Land, your Land?" This is Zionist passivity at its worst. Maimonides says that true repentance begins with recognition of the sin. Begins, not ends.
[Shavit] describes the Israeli dilemma according to his understanding: on the one hand, the most threatened state in the West, on the other hand, the only occupying state in the West. This dual, connected insight allows him to stake out a critical position both toward the left, which ignores the existential threats, and toward the right, which shrugs off the corruption entailed in the occupation…Shavit's binary formulation is too limited. These are not Israel's only problems or even its principal ones. The built-in international and regional isolationism, the self-perceived victimization, the lax commitment to democracy, the inordinate centrality of power as the definer of identity, the aggrandizement of the rabbinate at the expense of sovereignty, the moral rift with the Jewish people and its magnificent culture, the strategy of trauma and similar problems - these are effectively not covered by Shavit's simple, superficial formula….
Shavit's high-quality narrative ability covers up his two weaknesses. The first is his reference group, and the second is the world of fears that drives him. Both are authentic and reflect faithfully the limits of the Shavit narrative, the limits of secular Zionism, which was once the central force of the Israeli way of life, but no longer exists.
Most of Shavit's heroes are well-established, secular, Ashkenazi males, with preference given to those with a personal and ideological background that tilts slightly (not overly so) to the left. Hardly any other voices from Israel's mosaic of opinions and identity politics are heard in the book. I don't think that's due to a mistake by the editor. It's a far deeper – representative – conception.
So much of Shavit's book smacks of the secular Israeli longing for the "Golden Age of Israel," the pre-1973 Shangri la run by white, Ashkenazi, Europeans who had changed their names to sound authentic. (By the way, Shavit writes that the book is based on numerous interviews and discussions with "hundreds of Israelis—Jews and Arabs, men and women." In fact, in a book of over 400 pages, only two women and two Palestinian Israelis appear. Since Shavit has a great deal of contempt for haredim, it's not surprising that not one of them is interviewed. And I, for one, will never forget Shavit's interview with Burg himself, where his contempt for Burg's positions was evident in almost every question he asked. That interview did not get into the book.)
Many of those who love Shavit's columns in this newspaper, like many of those who will love this book, actually love the illusion it offers with such consummate skill.
They are in love with the mythological Israel of 1948. The Israel that rose from the ashes, its way lit by the vision of a model society, of unbounded sacrifice and pioneering. But that Israel no longer exists, and probably never did. Israel came into being as a secular, socialist utopia, and in the course of time and circumstances became religiously fundamentalist and flagrantly capitalist. It's a very different society, perhaps even a different country from Shavit's artistic depictions….
Indeed. Zionism's greatest success, as of this moment, has been to build us a home in the mouth of the most eruptive volcano on earth. But it never tried to extinguish the destructive sources of the seething, threatening Middle Eastern lava. Accordingly, this is a book about all the fears and all the hopes and all the failures of the Zionist idea.
It's a book that only looks back, and in this sense is a story of a nostalgic, yearning parting from the imagined past - not a new vision or a groundbreaking work plan. So much so that Shavit finds it difficult to answer even his own question of questions: "How long can we sustain this lunacy?" It remains a resonating interrogative with no signs of having a convincing answer.
Posted by Jerry Haber at 9:11 PM 3 comments: Links to this post
One of Israel's Last Remaining Jews Dies
Today I woke up to the news that Shulamit Aloni had passed away.
Aloni was of a generation that was brought up with the notion that to be a Jew was to be a moral human being. Judaism was encapsulated for her in the ethical humanism of the prophets, in the social justice of the Hebrews. She truly felt that the Bible preached this justice not only to Jews but to all people. "Man is beloved for he is born in the image of God," and that image is one of justice and mercy. She was a Zionist, to be sure, and she loved the Jewish people. But because she loved them, she chastised and castigated them when they failed to live up to their own standards. She realized, of course, that much of Biblical morality was unacceptable, but she felt, as do I, that there were fundamentals of Biblical morality that can and should be extended beyond what the Bible intended. She occasionally called upon the rabbinic interpretation, but she was of a generation that lived and breathed the Bible, whole sections of which she knew by heart. She was able to pass that on to her own children, but her generation was not as fortunate.
Aloni lived long enough to see the creation of the amoral Jew as an ideal, the proud Jewish nationalist who saw morality as a luxury that a besieged people like the Jews could little afford. She cried out repeatedly against this trend. Like many of her generation, she saw the rise of religious fundamentalism and ultra-nationalism as a threat to what had been the redeeming features of a society that she felt had much to repent for. She did not go into politics to make money and taste the high life, as so many of the Israel's recent leaders have done. Not a suggestion of corruption was ever associated with her.
Where is the Judaism of my youth? Not an hour, not a day, not a minute goes by without the cold-hearted trampling of human rights in Israel. Land is stolen, refugees are round up and thrown into prison, and all in the name of what? Jewish survival?
Hello, are there any Jews left?
Well, yes there is the surviving remnant, and the list is not short. They are the human rights activists harassed on the West Bank, the citizenship teachers hauled up before committees after rightwing students complain that they are being political, the defenders of Africa refugees rights, the educators of Jewish values. Real Jewish values. The children of Aloni.
We are left orphaned by the passing of a hero of Israel. May the memory of this tzadeket/righteous person be for a blessing.
Posted by Jerry Haber at 5:42 AM 2 comments: Links to this post


text:
Chechnya opens terror inquiry into gay men forcibly returned from Moscow
Aide to republic's leader Ramzan Kadyrov claims men confessed to helping illegal armed group
Chechen officials have dismissed reports of 'gay purges' and leader Ramzan Kadyrov (left) has claimed there are no gay men in the country. Photograph: Yelena Afonina/TASS
Theo Merz in Moscow
Mon 8 Feb 2021 05.46 EST Last modified on Mon 8 Feb 2021 06.59 EST
Chechnya has opened a terrorism investigation into two gay men who fled the region last year but were arrested near Moscow last week and forcibly returned.
The rights group that helped the men escape Chechnya, an autonomous Russian republic where the torture, detentions and killings of gay men have been reported since 2017, said they weren't certain why exactly the men were being persecuted but that one of them had earlier been interrogated for sharing LGBTQ emojis in an online group.
Salekh Magamadov and Ismail Isayev, aged 20 and 17, were in the city of Nizhny Novgorod, east of Moscow, when they were abducted last Thursday, according to the Russian LGBT Network.
One of the men rang the network's emergency hotline in the afternoon, and a worker for the organisation heard screaming in the background of the call. A rights lawyer who visited the flat where they were staying said he saw signs of a struggle shortly after.
The two men later re-emerged in detention in Chechnya. Tim Bestsvet, a spokesperson for the LGBT Network, said lawyers were being denied access to the men and did not know where they were being held.
Bestsvet said he was concerned for the pair's safety, pointing to other cases when men had been brought back to the republic only to disappear or die. The network learned only through Chechen media that they were being detained on suspicion of "aiding terrorism".
Akhmed Dudyaev, an aide to Chechnya's leader Ramzan Kadyrov, said the men had confessed to helping an illegal armed group. The crime carries a sentence of up to 15 years' imprisonment.
Dudyaev insisted the detention was legal and that any attempt to influence the case would be "senseless and futile".
Magamadov and Isayev fled Chechnya in June 2020 after being arrested and reportedly tortured for running an opposition channel on the Telegram messaging app.
Videos later appeared online of the pair apologising for running the channel. In one clip, a visibly distressed Magamadov said: "I am not a man, I am an empty space." In another, Isayev asks for forgiveness for behaving in an "unmanly" way.
The Russian LGBT Network has helped 200 people flee Chechnya, either abroad or to other areas of the country, since the outbreak of "gay purges" in the republic four years ago in response to what Chechen authorities saw as the increased visibility of the Russian gay rights movement.
Officials have dismissed reports of such purges, despite several men going public to tell of abductions and police brutality. Kadyrov, who is accused of other human rights abuses, has claimed there are no gay men in Chechnya.
Moscow has been criticised both for its failure to properly investigate the reports and for its own stance on LGBTQ rights. A so-called "gay propaganda" law from 2013 that bans the "promotion of non-traditional sexual relations to minors" has been used to pressure activists.
German NGO files legal case against Chechen officials over anti-gay purges
Hundreds attend funeral of Samuel Paty's attacker in Chechnya
Russians arrested in Austria over killing of Chechen dissident
Ramzan Kadyrov appears in public after Covid-19 illness reports
Chechen blogger escapes apparent assassination bid in Sweden
Outspoken Chechen blogger found murdered in Lille
Chechen killed in Berlin was cruel and bloodthirsty, claims Putin
Germany expels two Russians over killing of Chechen separatist in Berlin


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Lauren joins leading female athletes in Women's Sport Trust 'Unlocked' programme
Lauren Rowles
Lauren will be joining female athletes from 27 sports in the Women's Sport Trust Unlocked programme which aims to help tackle the issues such as inclusivity and diversity in sport.
Lauren said: "I wanted to be part of Unlocked to understand how I can tackle the detrimental impact social media can have on young athletes. Having experienced this, growing up in sport, I know how dangerous it can be. I hope to be able to understand what systems and schemes I could help develop within sports organisations to improve their understanding of the issue and strengthen the support given to athletes."
500 Days more
The postponement of the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games means that Lauren's row to Tokyo has just been extended by 500 days. Hear her talk about this journey in the video below…
A post shared by Lauren Rowles MBE (@itslaurenrowles) on Apr 11, 2020 at 5:46am PDT
Lauren joins the Distinct team
Lauren is incredibly excited to announce that she has joined the Distinct Management team for her journey to the Tokyo Games and beyond. She looks forwards to working with them on her up and coming projects and any potential partnerships on the horizon. If you would like to work with Lauren then please contact: hello@distinctagency.com
Copyright © 2019 Lauren Rowles Ltd. All Rights Reserved . Brand & Website: ClearBrand.co.uk


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> Call for bigger fines and jail terms for wildlife crime
Call for bigger fines and jail terms for wildlife crime
By Kenny Smith - 16th August 2019
A golden eagle in flight
People convicted of wildlife crimes should receive bigger fines and longer prison sentences than currently available says Scottish Land & Estates, the organisation which represents landowners and rural businesses.
The Scottish Government recently launched its consultation on wildlife crime, such as deer poaching, hare coursing and bird of prey persecution, and SLE says that those who undertake illegal acts should face strong penalties proportionate to the crime, with sanctions applied consistently and clearly to act as a real deterrent.
SLE also says that to successfully fight wildlife crime, education of what wildlife crime is and the impact, awareness of the possible maximum penalties along with more training and support for police officers to assist with detection are vitally important.
David Johnstone, chairman of Scottish Land & Estates, said: 'We need to send out a clear message that wildlife crime of any kind is absolutely unacceptable, and these reckless acts will not be tolerated. That is why we are calling for longer prison sentences and bigger maximum fines for the most serious wildlife crimes, to act as a deterrent.
'By providing clear guidelines to the courts on sentencing and by enabling courts to issue bigger penalties than currently available, we are confident that wildlife crime in Scotland will continue to decrease as it has over the past five years. Scotland's wildlife continues to rely on the public, our members and the police to act as eyes and ears to ensure that these heinous crimes are stamped out.'
SLE also supports more imaginative and targeted sanctions including community payback orders when appropriate for less serious wildlife crimes that have less of an impact on a species and the environment.
Wildlife crime covers a huge spectrum of criminal activity and there are currently six specific wildlife crime priorities in Scotland and the UK which are:
1, badger persecution; 2, bat persecution; 3, raptor (birds of prey) persecution; 4, fresh water peal mussels; 5, deer and fish poaching and hare coursing; and 6, international trade of wild animals and plants.
Most wildlife offences can only be tried by a sheriff sitting alone. The most common penalty option is a fine of up to £5,000 and/or six months in jail. For badgers, there is a fine of up to £10,000/ 12 months in jail, or an unlimited fine and three years in jail. Deer penalties are different and operate on a scale, and a per deer basis.
The most recent Scottish Government figures show that recorded wildlife crime fell by 8% in 2017.
Click HERE to read more wildlife and conservation news from Scottish Field
badgers,
bats,
raptors,
Scottish government,
scottish land and estates,


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Home / Weight Loss / 12 Things You Should Never Say to Someone Trying to Lose Weight
12 Things You Should Never Say to Someone Trying to Lose Weight
Shed these shame-filled statements.
By Karla Walsh
It's been said that "one is the loneliest number." But could it be the healthiest, especially when it comes to trying to reach your weight-loss goals? Well, it depends, according to research and the experts we spoke to. One thing is certain though: there are just some things that should never be said to someone who is trying to lose weight, so perhaps keeping your weight-loss plans to yourself isn't necessarily a bad thing to avoid getting that dreaded weight loss "advice" or feedback you didn't really ask for.
See, those who have healthy eating and activity support from friends and co-workers lose more weight and keep it off, research in the journal Obesity found—and the opposite is also true (less support and undermining weight-loss strategies leads to more pounds).
"While you might expect friends and family to be totally supportive, it's not always the case. In fact, I have advised some of my clients to avoid sharing their weight loss intentions with others as they can, in some instances, sabotage them: Bringing treats around, telling them to loosen up and 'live a little,' or exhibiting jealousy, which hurts," says nutritionist Rania Batayneh, M.P.H., the owner of Essential Nutrition For You and the author of The One One One Diet.
If you're trying to lose weight, what statements should you recognize as shamey or sabotage? And if someone you know is trying to lose weight, what should you never say? From seemingly innocent statements to backhanded compliments to the outright rude, we rounded up all the things you shouldn't say to someone who is trying to lose weight, according to experts.
Say "ciao" to crash diets, especially when this advice is coming from others, as every person's weight-loss strategy is different. But one thing is for sure: fad diets aren't ever a good idea.
"The goal is not to go on the latest fad diet. The goal is the find an approach to healthy eating and activity that can be sustained over time. Diets do not lead to permanent weight reduction without changes in habits and attitudes," says Bob Wright, director of education at Hilton Head Health in Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.
It's crucial to "avoid statements that doubt the person's capability to get and stay healthy and avoid implying they will be worse off in any way than when they started," says Jillian Michaels, a health, wellness, and fitness expert and the creator of the My Fitness by Jillian Michaels app. And this is coming from someone who's been very public about her health journey—and who has helped some of The Biggest Losers in America.
Similarly, this seems like it could be a sort-of compliment, but it's simply harmful.
"While this may seem like your friend is telling you that you are 'fine' the way you are, there is also this tone of 'Just stop all of this!' or 'Why do you keep trying?' If your friend feels comfortable enough to tell you that they are excited to lose weight but feel it can be challenging to stay consistent, they are probably looking for support, not questioning your intentions," Batayneh says.
Wait, haven't I always looked great?
"This suggests that your friend looked bad before," Wright says. "Also, there is a chance they haven't lost weight, and then it would suggest that they need to."
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Think of each weight loss mission like snowflakes: No two are alike.
"Your experiences are unique," Batayneh says. "For example, perhaps your friend eats healthier carbs rather than eliminating them entirely." So even if something didn't work for you, it might for someone else, and it's not really fair to compare your experiences to someone else who is trying out something new.
Nothing needs to be off-limits, and the tone of this question is just very harsh and unnecessary.
"This question is very judgmental; in fact, anyone is allowed to eat what they want! Comments like this often backfire, and their response might be to eat even more than they planned, due to an 'I'll show you' attitude," Wright says.
RELATED: Learn how to fire up your metabolism and lose weight the smart way.
This is exactly the opposite message you want to send a pal who's dropping pounds, Michaels clarifies.
"This is discouraging and implies the person will be worse off once they've lost the weight," she says. "Just compliment them. 'You are so inspiring' works well. It's really simple. Compliment their health and their efforts."
"Can't." "Won't." Noticing a common theme of negativity here?
"When someone is on a weight loss journey, they feel changes greater than what they see on the scale. Your friend, co-worker, or sibling may have more stable energy, less cravings, or sleep better. If you are negative toward then, this may derail them," Batayneh says.
Instead, remember to just c'mon, get happy.
"In my practice, I always highlight the positives that my client is accomplishing and is consistent with. We all know when we ate too much, went off on a binge, or just ate totally off plan. It's in the past, and we can only make better choices ahead," she adds.
The scale results are only part of the goal, and this question puts the focus solely on weight.
"The rate of weight loss per week varies greatly from person to person. Over the long-run, weight loss is never steady and consistent. Plateaus are a part of every weight loss effort," Wright says.
Because that's the case, Wright and the Hilton Head Health crew encourage their guests toward a health pursuit to find non-weight ways to monitor progress. Consider inches lost, speed gained, and more.
"Weight loss is a by-product of changes in behaviors, habits, and attitudes," he continues.
"For some people, losing weight is this life-long dream, achievement, and accomplishment. If they have lost weight by working hard, eating right, [and] managing life and social situations, you had better believe that they are proud of themselves," Batayneh says.
There should never be a reason to hide your hard work.
"Most of us want someone to notice the changes we have experienced physically. I know that we shouldn't focus on the outward appearance, but when we feel good, we look good," she says. "If you feel that your waist is smaller and your arms are toned—and you want to show off your hard work—do it!"
Not only is this uber-judgy, but it can also be inaccurate advice—and downright dangerous. Eating too few calories has been proven to cause your body to hold on to weight, plus this statement could be triggering to anyone who has a history of struggling with an eating disorder.
According to research published in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science, extreme day-to-day calorie restriction can slow metabolism and speed up cravings. Because it's all about the big picture, and the fact that nearly a million calories need to be consumed per person each year to survive, the scientists suggest looking at larger habits (say, incorporating activity into your day or adding more satisfying, high-protein foods to your diet) rather than counting each and every calorie at a meal.
"The strategy anyone uses to lose weight should guide, not deprive," Batayneh says.
Talk about toxic.
"If someone is saying something passive aggressive, negative, or paying backhanded compliments, try not to take it personally. This is about them projecting their insecurities onto you—and it's no reflection on you," Michaels says.
Karla Walsh is a freelance writer, editor and restaurant brand manager based in Des Moines, Iowa, where she reports on fitness trends, wellness research, psychology, and healthy recipes. Read more about Karla
Weight Loss Plans // Weight Loss Tips


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El riu Sŏngch'ŏn (en coreà: 성천강) desemboca en un estuari a la Mar Oriental de Corea a Hungnam (Corea del Nord). La ciutat de Hamhung es troba al seu marge esquerre.

Referències

Geografia de Corea
Rius asiàtics de l'oceà Pacífic


So the other weekend we got invited to a wedding in Ireland and I was given the dreaded news that the flight tickets we'd booked didn't include hold luggage. So as well as having to narrow down my outfit choices I was now under the strict instruction of 10 liquid items of less than 100ml each 😛 This had to include hair lotions and potions, shampoos, conditioners, foundation, primer….the list is endless. However I am very proud to report that this girl done good! I had everything I needed and more and I didn't need help carrying my suitcase! It's given me a helping hand for packing for my next trip to Mexico this week, because I now know that I don't need to bring everything I own! The essentials make it a lot easier and I didn't want for anything!
So here are my top products that made the cut!
Superdry Mascara – For a clothing brand I was really shocked by the quality of the mascara, this gives great coverage, makes my lashes look fuller and longer and lasts all day and doesn't clump.
Eylure False Lashes – I got some false lashes to add a little bit extra to my eye makeup for the wedding. I've got really short and blonde lashes so I need all of the help I can get. These along with a lick of mascara and I felt like I had the most glamorous lashes in the world! I had annoyingly got some eyelash extensions done the day before but I ended up taking them off because they had clumped and the glue felt really tight on my lids, whilst they looked amazing I could only handle them for 1 day!
Clinique Superprimer – This is a great base before putting foundation on, it just smooths your skin a bit, reduces redness and reduces pores to make sure your foundation glides on and gives an all over even colour and coverage.
Cliniqeu Even Better Foundation – I am fully converted to Clinique products. The coverage is great and stays put (not all day but for a good part of it), but most importantly my skin doesn't feel dry at the end of the day. And I really had a "made up" look, I like the more natural look rather than the caked on effect!
No7 Poppy King Lipstick – Red lipstick is all you need. If push came to shove and I had to limit my makeup bag to even fewer items the only things I would request would be mascara and red lipstick! It gives a great pop of colour and you can find a shade of red to suit any skin tone. It makes you feel so glamorous and fabulous!
Clinique Chubby Stick – The chubby stick is great for a day time hint of colour and what's great about it is that it is really moisturising! It meant that I didn't need to take a lip balm with me.
Urban Decay Eyeshadow – I literally will not use any other eyeshadow brand. This is it for me for life and I will never be unfaithful to Urban Decay! They've got great staying power and such an amazing combination of colours. My absolute favourite is Midnight Cowboy.
Clinique Bronzer – I don't get on that well with blusher I always feel like if I don't put enough on I can really see the benefit of it and then once I put a bit more on I feel a bit like a clown! So for me I tend to use a good bronzer for adding a bit of colour and contouring.
And finally my look would never be complete without a spritz of perfume. I think I get this from my mum who would never leave the house without perfume and always had an emergency bottle in the car!! For this trip I took a travel size bottle of Ghost Eclipse which is fruity and floral with a warm tone which is feminine and playful whilst being sophisticated too. It's definitely an evening / event perfume rather than what I would consider to be an everyday perfume.
» Speed Shred – It's Not Just For Boys!


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"Paper Money" courtesy of [Kevin Dooley via Flickr]
Faux Anonymity: How Do We Effectively Encourage Political Speech?
By Mary Kate Leahy | October 8, 2016
The issue of political spending is one that has garnered a lot of attention this election cycle. Both candidates are associated with 501(c)(3) organizations and have faced scandals recently regarding how they collect and spend charity money. Clinton faced allegations that she granted access to the State Department to wealthy Clinton Foundation donors. Trump was fined by the IRS for his use of Trump Foundation money to fund the campaign of Florida Attorney General Pam Bondi, allegedly to encourage her office not to pursue further investigation of Trump University. The two scandals are fundamentally different, but are two sides of the same coin. Clinton's scandal is about the possibility that she was selling political access to raise money for a charity. The charges against Trump involve using money that was raised for charity to buy political access for himself. The Trump Foundation has some additional issues, ranging from allegations of self dealing and an investigation by the New York Attorney General, who recently ordered the foundation to stop accepting donations.
But the Bondi allegations against Trump raise more questions than just whether Trump is fit to serve as president. They bring up the issue of what exactly the difference is between a 501(c)(3), a 501(c)(4), a 527, and a myriad of other institutions that can blur the lines between a charity and a political organization. The IRS has rules governing these categories but the rules are not always clear. And while the purpose of these rules is to keep donations to charities tax deductible to encourage that behavior, while not providing the same benefit for political speech, it is not always clear whether the rules are doing an effective job. We want to encourage both charitable donations and political speech, but we only use the tax code to incentivize charitable donations.
How exactly do we draw distinctions between what is charitable and what is political, and how do tax incentives come into play?
Distinctions Without Much Difference
There are several main flavors of tax-exempt organizations that may engage in what a lay person would think of as either political spending, charitable work, or both. They are each referred to by their section of the tax code and the differences are fairly technical but important to understand.
The first type of organization is a 501(c)(3). Both the Trump Foundation and the Clinton Foundation are examples of this type of group and the purpose of a 501(c)(3) is supposed to be purely charitable. Meaning that this group has the greatest restrictions on it in terms of what kind of political activity it can engage in. This doesn't mean that they can't engage in ANY political activity, because they actually can. But their ability to endorse a candidate is curtailed. They also can't spend money on a campaign. They are still able to do some lobbying and political advocacy, as long as that advocacy is not promoting a specific legislative agenda or candidate but rather is educating the public.
In exchange for complying with these rules, 501(c)(3)s are permitted to accept unlimited donations from benefactors whom they do not have to disclose and those benefactors can claim the donations they give as tax-deductions.
A 501(c)(4) has slightly different trade-offs. These groups can engage in political activities as long as those political activities are not their primary purpose. And they can endorse candidates, lobby, educate the public on their issue, and accept unlimited anonymous donations. However, because of their increased political activity, those donations are not tax deductible.
A 527 is the most political of the three. Political spending is in fact the entire purpose of these groups, which means they come with added strings such as only being able to accept limited donations that are non-deductible and the donors can no longer be anonymous. They can't "lobby" but they can endorse and even exist for the purpose of electing certain candidates. And although the donations made to a 527 are not tax deductible the organizations themselves pay limited taxes—501(c)(3)s or 501(c)(4)s pay none. That is why even if your donors can't deduct what they give to you from their taxes it is still very beneficial for these organizations to comply with the rules to keep their tax-exempt status. (And why the IRS fined Donald Trump for his donation to Pam Bondi from his 501(c)(3)).
To see the difference between a 501(c)(3) and a 501(c)(4) more clearly check out this video:
Facts and Circumstances
To summarize, a 501(c)(3) is what you would think of when you think of a "charity." And a 501(c)(4) is a "social welfare" organization. While not a charity per se, they are supposed to be serving the public good through their advocacy. We want to encourage political behavior, particularly from diverse viewpoints, and promote political speech. Granting tax-exempt status to social welfare organizations, or 501(c)(4)s, is one way to facilitate that. The only question is how do we determine what is a social welfare organization, and therefore worthy of these benefits?
The rule for what qualifies as a social welfare organization is very vague. The standard is whether the organization is "primarily engaged" in social welfare activities. The IRS does not give a bright-line rule regarding what percentage of activity is required to be social welfare versus political in order to qualify. It may be a 51/49 split in terms of how they spend their funds, or essentially whatever the IRS deems appropriate. According to the IRS, deciding this issue is a "facts and circumstances test." A very vague standard indeed, which opens the door to making determinations about which groups qualify based on something other than numerical data and the appearance of, if not actual, favoritism for different political viewpoints.
But if these organizations are doing good work (which may depend on your political point of view but let's go off the assumption that all political speech is a social good) then why should we care so much about a 501(c)(4) getting tax exempt status to encourage it?
The key issue is actually part of a multi-step process that revolves around the size of donations and the disclosure involved. A 501(c)(4) can accept an unlimited amount of donations and also does not need to disclose its donors. By contrast a Super PAC is required to disclose who donates to it. But when the donor to the Super PAC is a 501(c)(4)–and these organizations often ally with each other so that one cause will have a whole string of different arms that have different tax-statuses and abilities–all they need disclose is the name of the 501(c)(4). So a billionaire who wants to influence electoral politics can donate $100 million dollars to a 501(c)(4), which doesn't have to tell anyone where that money came from. The Super PAC attached to that group then takes that donation from the group, and does disclose that it came from the group, but that doesn't let the public know that our billionaire friend essentially donated $100 million dollars to that Super PAC. We therefore have no way of tracing whether an organization or politician allied with that Super PAC ever paid back that favor.
Kim Barker from the Washington Post does a good job of explaining this line of reasoning in why we should care about the 501(c)(4) designation and its uses.
It makes sense that we would want to structure a policy that allows organizations for political advocacy to not pay taxes. It lets organizations form that otherwise might not be able to afford to do so, which enables minority viewpoints to be more easily heard by the public. Regardless of what those viewpoints are, that's a healthy thing for the republic. Granting tax-exempt status to 501(c)(4)s, even if the IRS definition of social welfare is not that clear, might therefore be a good idea.
The trouble occurs when other organizations can then manipulate the special rules given to social welfare organizations to siphon money into campaign funding and electoral politics. That kind of political speech, the support of a specific candidate, is not the same kind of social good and is not currently what we want to give incentives to. If it was, then we would grant the exact same tax privileges to 527s and other political groups that we do to 501(c)(4)s or to charities.
The ability to do this is in part because the rules of engagement and alliances between these organizations have gotten very complicated and very fuzzy. If there is no rule as to what "education" is versus "advocacy" versus "lobbying" then the distinctions between these groups lose much of their meaning. But the greater problem is the concept of anonymous donations. In a political system that depends on the open and vigorous exchange of ideas keeping donations to any kind of political organization, whether they are merely engaged in "advocacy" or in direct electioneering, is counterproductive. If we are going to equate money with political speech, the public needs to be able to know who is saying what, which means knowing exactly where all political spending comes from.
Rather than eliminating various tax benefits to organizations we want to encourage (such as charities and social welfare organizations) we could instead require the disclosure of donors for all groups. Then if a billionaire donates to a 501 (c)(4) and that group donates to its sister Super PAC we can easily trace the funding of the Super PAC back to the original donor. It does not take care of the concern about the amount of money that an individual can give to a political cause, which is a separate problem, but it does solve the anonymity that keeps the public from being fully informed about politicians, their supporters, and the wide range of groups engaging in political activity. And if there is a reward exchanged in the future from the politician to the billionaire donor, we will be able to trace that too, and determine if there was a quid pro quo arrangement.
The Washington Post: Emails Reveal How Foundation Donors Got Access To Clinton and Her Close Aides At State Department
Think Progress: Trump Foundation Illegal Self-Dealing
Law Street Media: Charitable Trusts: Can Greed Ever Be Good?
Outside the Beltway: 501(c)4 vs 501(c)3 vs 527
Bolder Advocacy: Introduction: The Types of Exempt Organizations And What They May Do
Open Secrets.org: 527s: The Basics
Open Secrets: Types of Advocacy Groups
Daily Kos: 501(c)(3)s, 501(c)(4)s, and the rest. A primer.
The Washington Post: Let's Back Up: How Is The IRS Supposed To Scrutinize 501c4s Anyway?
The Sunlight Foundation: The Difference Between Super PACs and Dark Money Groups
Mary Kate Leahy
Mary Kate Leahy (@marykate_leahy) has a J.D. from William and Mary and a Bachelor's in Political Science from Manhattanville College. She is also a proud graduate of Woodlands Academy of the Sacred Heart. She enjoys spending her time with her kuvasz, Finn, and tackling a never-ending list of projects. Contact Mary Kate at staff@LawStreetMedia.com
Related Items501(c)(3)501(c)(4)Campaign FinanceCharityDark MoneyPolitical SpendingSuperPACTax Law
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Posts tagged with "NORAH JONES"
Video & Web Exclusive Interview Boney James
VIDEO FEATURE & WEB-EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW Musician: BONEY JAMES Video: "Honestly" featuring Avery*Sunshine SAXOPHONIST AND COMPOSER BONEY JAMES' HONESTLY REFLECTS MUSIC'S POWER TO TRANSPORT Four-time Grammy Nominee Celebrates 25 Years with September 1, 2017 Release Featuring Vocalists Avery*Sunshine and Eric Roberson Boney James released his 16th album on September 1, 2017, titled Honestly—25 years after his debut recording, Trust....
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Photo credit: David Norbu HOMETOWN: Wilmington, Del. INFLUENCES: Joni Mitchell, Aimee Mann, Norah Jones ALBUM: Leap, out now WEBSITE: ivavoice.com An early brush with fame—performing alongside noted opera company Opera Delaware when she was just 9 years old—led IVA to New York, where she bounced from Juilliard to the Manhattan School of Music to Princeton University before receiving a Fulbright scholarship to study Scandinavian classical music...
Tags: AIMEE MANN, Del, ivavoice.com, Joni Mitchell, Leap, NORAH JONES, out now, Wilmington
VIDEO + EXCLUSIVE – SHANI ROSE
VIDEO FEATURE & WEB-EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW Musician: SHANI ROSE Music Video: "Stronger Together" Shani Rose partners with Whole Planet Foundation Shani Rose is embarking on a new journey which appears to have limitless possibilities. She has partnered with Whole Planet Foundation, and along with another singer-songwriter, Katie Ferrara, they begin "The Road Less Traveled Tour" on March 8 in their hometown Los Angeles. This is a unique...
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LIVE LESSONS Our experts reveal their strategies for achieving pristine live sound Sounding great live is every act's goal—and it's a challenge nearly all musicians face, from coffeehouse singer-songwriters to touring arena bands. Achieving perfect live sound can be complex, taking into account everything from room acoustics to microphone selection and placement, as well as the limitations of the house PA system. But with so many variables...
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NORAH JONES How she made the most unexpected music of her career with some help from Danger Mouse. In June 2009, Norah Jones was somewhere not many people would expect her to be: in a small Los Angeles studio, cooking up new music with producer Brian "Danger Mouse" Burton. Ten years ago, Jones' diamond-selling debut, Come Away With Me, established her as a pop icon with a soft, jazzy touch. Each of her follow-up solo albums—all of which...
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RODNEY CROWELL A unique teaming with poet Mary Karr brings it all back home After more than three decades, 13 solo albums and collaborations with some of music's greatest names, Rodney Crowell knows a born songwriter when he sees one—even if that particular songwriter has never written a song. When he read poet and memoirist Mary Karr's 1995 book The Liars' Club, he couldn't help but see the parallels between himself and the author—they...
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THE LITTLE WILLIES Norah Jones, Richard Julian and company take a side trip into the country "It's like eating a big bowl of my grandma's macaroni and cheese," jazz-pop superstar Norah Jones says of her childhood love for country music. "It feels nostalgic." Today she expresses that fondness in part with the Little Willies, the group she first helped form in 2003 with singer and guitarist Richard Julian, guitarist Jim Campilongo,...
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WILLIE NELSON & WYNTON MARSALIS FEATURING NORAH JONES
WILLIE NELSON & WYNTON MARSALIS FEATURING NORAH JONES Here We Go Again: Celebrating the Genius of Ray Charles [Blue Note] As the old showbiz saying goes, you can't go wrong with good material. So with the timeless songbook of Ray Charles as a source, this live collaboration of three luminaries of jazz, pop and country is a thrill. Cut live at Lincoln Center in February 2009, the set kicks off with a spirited take on "Hallelujah I Love Her...
Tags: Blue Note, Celebrating the Genius of Ray Charles, Here We Go Again, NORAH JONES, WILLIE NELSON, WYNTON MARSALIS
NORAH JONES …Featuring [Blue Note/EMI] For an artist with such a distinctive style of her own, Norah Jones is quite an adaptable character. …Featuring collects 18 tracks she has recorded with other artists over the last nine years, and her roster of musical partners has been remarkably diverse. Here we find Jones teaming with acts ranging from Foo Fighters and Willie Nelson to Outkast and Herbie Hancock, and sounding perfectly at home alongside...
Tags: Album Reviews, Blue Note/EMI, Featuring, NORAH JONES, NOV 2010


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-23.14-134.94
(Redirected from Mangareva)
Oceania > Polynesia > French Polynesia > Gambier Islands
Gambier Islands
1.1 Gambier Group
1.2 Acteon Group
2.3 Read
The Gambier Islands are a group of coral reef islands in the southeast extreme of the Tuamotu Islands archipelago of French Polynesia.
Regions[edit]
Gambier Group[edit]
Mangareva — the largest island and only island developed for tourism. Mangareva has a permanent population of over 1,200 (2012). The largest village on the island, Rikitea, is the chief town of the Gambier Islands.
Undeveloped — Akamaru (11 pop.), Aukena (30 p), Taravai (3 p), Kamaka (1 p).
Uninhabited — Angakauitai, Apou, Atumata, Gaioio, Kouaku, Makapu, Makaroa, Manui, Mekiro, Motu-O-Ari, Motu Teiku, Papuri, Puaumu, Rumarei, Tarauru Roa, Tauna, Teauaone, Teauotu, Tekava, Tenoko, Tepapuri, Tepu Nui, Teohootepohatu, Tokorua, Totengengie, Tuaeu, Vaiatekeue.
Acteon Group[edit]
All the four small atolls in the group are uninhabited: Matureivavao, Tenararo, Tenarunga, and Vahanga.
There are no ATMs or banks. Please bring enough French Polynesian Francs for your holiday. Locals here deal with cash only. You can exchange US dollars or euros for French Polynesian francs) at the post office in Rikitea. The pensions sometimes accept credit cards (ask first).
Mangareva is approximately 8 km (5.0 mi) long and, at 15.4 km² (5.9 sq mi), it comprises about 56% of the land area of the whole Gambier group. Mangareva has a high central ridge which runs the length of the island. The highest point in the Gambiers is Mt. Duff, on Mangareva, rising to 441 m along the island's south coast. The island has a large lagoon 24 km (15 mi) in diameter containing reefs whose fish and shellfish helped ancient islanders survive much more successfully than on nearby islands with no reefs.
At 23 degrees south, you will find the subtropical climate more comfortable than the main/Society Islands. Humidity is lower, and trade winds provide a welcome relief. The climate is comparable to that of Hawaii.
Mangareva was once heavily forested and supported a large population that traded with other islands via canoes. However, excessive logging by the islanders during the 10th to the 15th centuries resulted in deforestation of the island, with disastrous results for its environment and economy.
The first European to arrive at Mangareva was British Captain James Wilson in 1797 on the ship Duff. Wilson named the island group in honour of Admiral James Gambier, who had helped him to equip his vessel.
Mangareva along with its dependencies in the Gambier Islands were ruled by a line of kings and later regents until the French annexed the islands in 1882.
Read[edit]
Painter and author Robert Lee Eskridge's book Manga Reva: The Forgotten Islands (Bobbs Merrill; 1931) offers first-hand observations of the environment, peoples, and traditions of Mangareva. Eskridge also wrote and illustrated a children's book about his visit to Mangareva: South Sea Playmates (Bobbs Merrill; 1933).
Speaking French (or Mangarevian) will serve you well as very few locals speak English at a conversational level. The pension operators know very basic English - with a bit of French, you can get by. If there is an emergency speak to Monica, the mayor/police officer, and she help you find an English speaker. John who lives on Kamaka is fluent, as is his son who lives in town. Remember to say "merci" and "nana" after someone has helped you. They mean "Thank you" (French) and "See you later".
-23.083333333333-134.883333333331 Totegegie Airport (GMR IATA). This domestic airport is on one of Mangareva's island reefs, about 9 km from the main town of Rikitea. From Papeete (PPT IATA), Air Tahiti Flight Number VT951 leaves at 05:40 and arrives at 11:05 and the flight back on the same day is from 11:55 and arrives at Tahiti at 14:50. Air Tahiti flies weekly from Hao (HOI IATA) and Tureia (ZTA IATA). The airport is connected to Mangareva and its city Rikitea by taxi boat. (updated Jan 2020)
There are no rental cars. Arrange with your pension to be picked up at the dock (after taking the ferry from the airport on the motu). The island's 27-km (16-mile) circle road can be walked in 4-6 hours. It's a great walk. If you wish to see one of the other islands in the group, ask your pension about day trips. Pension Moroi offers a great day trip to see several other islands. It's a fascinating day.
Rikitea Ruins - At Mangareva's main village, Rikitea, visitors will find a number of ruins. Among these archeological relics are a convent, a triumphal arch, several watchtowers, a prison and a court. These abandoned remains have been noted for their dark, eerie feel.
Rikitea Rectory - Across the path from St. Micheal of Rikitea Church is a well-maintained 140-year-old rectory, occupied by the parish priest.
St. Michael's Cathedral, Rikitea
-23.1232-134.9691 St. Michael's Cathedral, Rikitea. Its historic neo-Gothic church was built on the eastern side of Rikitea between 1839 and 1848 by missionaries of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. The building measures 48 m by 18 m, and rises to a height of 21 m. It can seat 1200 people, and is thrice the size of Notre Dame Cathedral in Papeete. It is the largest church in the South Pacific. It is constructed of coral limestone and coral lime plaster, imported by raft from quarries at Tauna, Tekava, and Kouaku. The two towers were built in 1847–48. The interior is richly decorated with mother of pearl. The altar has ornamentation of fine pearl oyster engravings of Mother-of-pearls, encased with black pearls. (updated Jan 2020)
Mt. Duff
Enjoy a piece of the planet nearly untouched by the modern world. The lagoon is stunning. Tour a black pearl farm. Spend a day on a motu having a picnic, tour the atolls historic churches. Snorkeling is quite good, if only there was a dive operation. Watch the stars at night. Hike around the entire island, or to the top of Mt. Duff, 1,200 feet (370 m), the only volcanic remnant of all the original volcanoes which made up the Tuamotu archipelago.
There are one or two restaurants in Rikitea. You can also eat at the pensions (let them know ahead of time as they only prepare enough food for those they know are coming for dinner). Food at the pensions is simple, tasty, and plentiful and you will not go hungry. The hospitality is heartwarming.
Despite the legacy of French nuclear testing at nearby Muraroa atoll, the water is safe to drink, and bottled water is available from small shops in town. Many of the locals, the soils, and groundwater have been tested for residual radiation by the French government and Greenpeace. All results were negative for radionucleotides. There are no surface streams or wells, and all potable water is collected by catchment from roofs, and thus quite safe to drink.
In Rikitea there are two small markets. One has a decent selection of alcohol, but you will pay dearly for anything but beer. A bottle of Absolut Vodka was priced at nearly USD100. If you wish to have anything specific for you trip you'd better bring it with you to save money, as prices even in Papeete are high.
At night the pensions and small restaurants in Rikitea serve beer (Hirono). Prices are high, but reasonable given the remoteness of the islands.
The locals are friendly and a delight. Wear lots of suncreen, and be careful of stonefish. Bug spray is recommended. Europeans, and to an increasing degree North Americans, are less modest than Polynesians. Dress appropriately — public nudity is discouraged.
Mangareva is famous for being the only island that provides a regular travel link to the Pitcairn Islands. Hop on a boat for a 32-hour ride. Mangareva is reached by boat from the nearby airport across the lagoon.
Tuamotu Islands
This region travel guide to Gambier Islands is an outline and may need more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. If there are Cities and Other destinations listed, they may not all be at usable status or there may not be a valid regional structure and a "Get in" section describing all of the typical ways to get here. Please plunge forward and help it grow!
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This travel guide page was last edited at 06:54, on 16 January 2020 by Wikivoyage user Traveler100. Based on work by Wikivoyage users Ground Zero, Traveler100bot, Thisisnotatest, DaGizza, Matroc, Ypsilon and Texugo, Wikivoyage anonymous users 107.3.75.101 and 24.165.10.12 and others.