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Studied To Death — Solar Customers Don't Harm Non-Solar Ratepayers
By Tony Clifford | 9.27.16
Certain anti-solar forces are spending hundreds of thousands of dollars trying to convince everyone (though the popular press and consumers are the main targets) that solar customers are stealing money from non-solar customers.
The argument is spurious at best, disingenuous at worst and absolutely 100 percent false. But despite the overwhelming evidence to the contrary, public-utilities commissions and governmental entities insist on studying the subject to death.
In a nutshell, here's the argument the utilities want to prove: Solar customers, by consuming their own energy, are avoiding paying for upkeep on the grid, which (in this argument) means those costs shift to non-solar ratepayers.
Frankly, it's a compelling sell. If I didn't know better, I'd probably resent solar customers, too. After all, why should solar customers get the grid for "free" while I'm paying for its upkeep?
Now that they've got your dander up, the utilities go in for the kill: This freeloading scenario demands that they charge solar customers special charges (monthly fixed charges, solar tariffs, etc.) so equity for all ratepayers can be maintained. Unfortunately, there is little evidence to show their claims are true.
In fact, 16 states have commissioned cost-benefit analyses on whether having solar consumers on the grid negatively affects non-solar customers (the list misses the studies in South Carolina, Mississippi and Louisiana). Only one study has given even the hint that ratepayers are harmed (Louisiana), and that study was done by a firm so closely tied to the fossil-fuels industry as to be easily discounted.
And yet some states refuse to believe the evidence of their own studies. In recent years, Nevada commissioned two studies that showed solar is a benefit to all consumers. Earlier this year, they commissioned a third study in the hopes that it would show something different.
We've seen the same pattern in other states where the fossil-fuel interests are so entrenched that they can fight tooth-and-nail to keep their monopoly power on electrical distribution. Let's take Maine for an example.
According to the independent consulting firm Crossborder Energy, having solar on the grid in Maine cuts electricity prices for everyone by reducing peak demand on the grid and its associated power plants. The 20 MW currently installed in Maine will save all electricity customers an aggregated $45 million in direct payments alone, not to mention the $17 million in savings thanks to other solar attributes and the estimated $58 million savings from reducing pollution in the state. If the state legislature had passed a clean energy bill that would have increased the state's solar capacity to 250 MW, the savings balloon to $775 million.
But Maine Gov. Paul LePage insists solar customers want a "reverse Robin Hood" deal, taking money from the poor and giving it to "rich" solar owners, despite all the evidence to the contrary (two studies—one in 2014 by the state's environmental office and the 2016 one referenced above—prove otherwise). So the battle in Maine continues while a once burgeoning solar market goes dormant.
Here's a reality the utilities don't want to face: No matter how many times they attempt to force different outcomes by demanding more studies, the studies consistently show having solar on the grid is a net benefit to everyone. In other words, their arguments are consistently shown to be false.
Tony Clifford
Since 2007 Mr. Clifford has led Standard Solar's rapid growth into a nationally known PV developer/ EPC. Mr. Clifford began his career at Solarex Corporation, later acquired by British Petroleum and known as BP Solar. Throughout his career, Mr. Clifford has served as chief executive officer or chief financial officer of three high growth technology companies that were acquired by major corporations. He is an elected board member of the national Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), serves on SEIA's Executive Committee and also served as president of the regional chapter of SEIA, MDV-SEIA from 2009 to 2012. Mr. Clifford is the author of a DOE report entitled Tax-Advantaged Investments in Renewable Energy Projects; and received a "Special Achievement Award for Technology Demonstration" from the U. S. Secretary of Energy. He was awarded the 2011 Industry Leader Award by the Maryland Clean Energy Center (MCEC), for his contributions to the advancement of solar and other clean energy resources in the state. Mr. Clifford earned his MBA at University of Virginia's Darden School and his undergraduate degree at Penn State.
View all posts by Tony Clifford
Arizona Public Service using solar, storage & nuclear to reach 100 percent carbon-free energy by 2050


Want to create a healthier snack that your consumers will reach for again and again? The key is in a unique, memorable texture.
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Russia's Internal Otherness
Russia is Europe's most populous country, and Vladimir Putin, in his fourth term, promises to focus on modernizing the economy and social institutions. "It is evident... that achieving a new level of economic development is hardly possible in total isolation," argues Viatcheslav Morozov, professor of EU-Russia Studies at the University of Tartu, who writes about identity and foreign affairs. "On the other hand, the feeling of insecurity that underlies Russia's pushback cannot be fully rationalized even if one agrees with the assumption that Western democracy promotion and geopolitical expansion go hand in hand." Russians cherish a distinct history, traditions and peasant imagery that suggest an inability to integrate with Europe. Political leaders take advantage of a perceived cultural divide no longer based on social reality, one that vanished with standardized education and urbanization. Morozov concludes that the nation need not pursue some idealized image of Europe to improve the country and give all Russians a political voice. – YaleGlobal
A deep internal culture divide in Russia between traditionalists and European Russians encourages isolationism
Viacheslav Morozov
Identity crisis: Russians are divided over support for modernization versus traditionalism; peasant imagery such as the painting Time for Harvesting by Grigoriy Myasoyedov is used for political purposes even as Vladimir Putin promises modernization without integration with the West
TARTU: For Russia, the cost of sacrificing development for the sake of security and international status, a policy that the Kremlin pursued after 2012, is all too obvious and yet ignored. It is time to address the cultural roots of such a self-defeating approach and seek remedy.
Vladimir Putin's re-election marked a change of the declared priorities of the Russian government. A new attempt at modernizing the economy and social institutions is in the cards. The new cabinet has been instructed to sponsor technological innovation and digital technologies, promote diversification by creating export-oriented industries, and ensure that Russians live longer and better. In acknowledging that technological backwardness ultimately makes the country less stable and secure, Putin follows the path of previous leaders from Peter I and Alexander II to Mikhail Gorbachev. This time, however, Russia is attempting a breakthrough on its own: Former President Dmitry Medvedev's experiment with the Russia–EU "Partnership for Modernization" is not to be repeated. The current conflict with the West is too intense to allow for another attempt.
The puzzle is why confrontational attitudes to the West are so entrenched in the Russian political class and, presumably, the wider society. It is evident, on the one hand, that achieving a new level of economic development is hardly possible in total isolation. On the other hand, the feeling of insecurity that underlies Russia's pushback cannot be fully rationalized even if one agrees with the assumption that Western democracy promotion and geopolitical expansion go hand in hand. It is understandable that the top elites see any scenario involving regime change as catastrophic, but mobilizing mass support for sustained multidimensional conflict with the global hegemon requires a deeper sense of disaffection on the part of the larger society.
Existing explanations of this phenomenon often emphasize Soviet legacies, such as entrenched paternalism and other forms of cultural difference between Russia and Europe. This approach is hardly satisfactory, as it tends to present Russia as not fully European, thus implicitly evoking centuries-old colonialist stereotypes. An attempt to critically reevaluate those immediately brings to the fore the fact that Russians widely share such attitudes themselves. It is not uncommon for Russians of any social background to imagine their own society as deeply divided between Russian Europeans and native Russians, whose lifestyle is seen as traditional and uncivilized. This imagined cultural divide goes far beyond differences in manners and mores: For liberals and conservatives alike, the "other Russia" embodies everything which is unique about the country and prevents it from integrating with the rest of Europe.
Pro-European Russians would often use derogatory language, describing their own compatriots as backward and barbarian. Lack of proper civilization is blamed for all social and political evils, from shabby staircases and potholed roads to alleged servile submission to the authoritarian rule. It must be stressed, however, that the obsession with the inner barbarian is a universal phenomenon. Conservatives, including Putin himself, also endorse the existence of the native Russian – describing this figure using such terms as "the cultural code," "indigenous tradition" or just "the Russian soul."
Traditionalists celebrate this uniqueness and demand that the state protect it from subversion by the West. Civilizational concerns add fuel to geopolitical confrontation, putting a heavy burden on the country's resources. At times, this results in geopolitical defeats and renewed efforts at Europeanization, such as after the Crimean war of 1853–1856 or during Gorbachev's Perestroika. The reforms are usually led by the liberal, pro-Western camp. The key problem of the Westernizers, which has not received enough attention in either academic or political debate, is that they tend to pessimistically see themselves as a minority surrounded by uncivilized masses. They claim moral superiority and the right to lead their country to a better future, in which the barbarians will finally be reeducated to fit the supposedly universal standards of the capitalist civilization.
Neither camp trusts in the possibility that people could govern themselves. The inner savages might be noble, but they remain immature, prone to mutiny, incapable of rational political thinking. While conservatives see "the hand of Washington" behind every popular protest, be it in Russia, the post-Soviet countries or in the Arab world, the pro-European Russians are awed by the Kremlin propaganda, which, in their view, is equally skillful in mobilizing politically naïve masses for its own evil purposes.
Contemporary discourse about the native may reproduce the image of the peasant created in the classical Russian literature, starting from the late 18th century sentimentalism. However, in the age of Alexander Radishchev and Alexander Pushkin, the cultural divide was real: The Petrine reforms resulted in the emergence of the new nobility that often felt more at home in Western Europe than in their native Russian village. Subsequent urbanization and the spread of literacy closed this divide. The traditional, peripheral Russia probably survived well into the Soviet time, but was eventually destroyed by collectivization, displacement as well as by universal standardized education and mass culture.
Partly as a reaction to the rise of urbanization, the village prose of the 1970s and 1980s reintroduced the nostalgic picture of the countryside as the locus of the true Russia, where the last remnants of tradition combatted against the seductive influences of urban lifestyle. As a result, the late Soviet society continued to view itself as divided between civilized cosmopolitan urbanites and uncultured but noble peasants, the embodiment of old, traditional Russian values.
This imagery was shared throughout society: Once a conversation moved on from everyday issues and turned to more sublime philosophical or political matters, representing Russia in terms of the grand cultural divide would be as common for agricultural workers and city babushkas as for academics. When the key reference points of the national identity debate are involved, the shared cultural background imbued by school and mass culture is far more important than any impact of elitist cultural consumption, or lack thereof. Paradoxically, the very concern with the inner barbarian reflects the fact that all Russians are taught from the early years to appreciate classical works of literature and art. Education and culture are valued by Russians, and this adds to the perception that one's ordinary compatriots fall short of the idealized image of a "cultured" person.
The image of the Russian native and the implied cultural divide has survived into the post-Soviet period. This has happened regardless of the fact that for decades, it has remained a discursive construct not rooted in any tangible social reality. Rather, the divide is a way of reaffirming one's identity by aligning either with or against the imaginary peasant. Politically, however, this practice is far from innocent. It rearticulates the political challenges faced by Russia in terms of a sharp choice between Europeanness and isolationism. Most importantly, focus on this divide pushes aside the concerns and demands of the people from the political agenda, by re-focusing the political debate on the meaning of "civilization" instead.
It is time to admit that Russia's lack of conformity with the idealized image of Europe, which Russian intellectuals have been polishing for centuries, does not make it less European. Even if it did, it would not matter – not, at least, in any meaningful sense. All that matters is how to make Russia a better place and to give its people a voice in the nation's politics.
Viatcheslav Morozov is professor of EU-Russia Studies at the University of Tartu. He chairs the Council of the UT Centre for EU-Russia Studies and the Program Committee of the Annual Tartu Conference on Russian and East European Studies. He has published extensively on Russian national identity and foreign policy, and, more recently, Russian domestic affairs. His latest research focuses on how Russia's political and social development has been conditioned by the country's position in the international system, an approach laid out in his most recent monograph Russia's Postcolonial Identity: A Subaltern Empire in a Eurocentric World (Palgrave, 2015). He is a member of the Program on New Approaches to Research and Security in Eurasia (PONARS Eurasia), based at George Washington University.
This article is based on a longer paper "Institutions, Discourses, and Uneven Development: The Material and the Ideational in Russia's 'Incomplete' Europeanization" that he presented at the conference on Regime Evolution, Institutional Change, and Social Transformation in Russia: Lessons for Political Science, April 28, 2018, at Yale University.
Popular Culture and Putin's Legitimacy
Technocratic Traps of Policy Reforms
Empire by Other Means: Russia's Strategy for the 21st Century
Russia's Turbulence Could Drive Sustainable Development
Russian Demographics: The Perfect Storm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Excellent job role for a tenacious & ambitious Junior/Intermediate Mechanical Design Engineer from a building services background, to join an established D&B Contractor in Berkshire on a 6+ month renewable contract.
This role will suit an Junior to Intermediate level Mechanical Design Engineer, who is passionate about Building Services Design, has a positive attitude and a hunger to really develop in their career.
Working as part of a small team of 4 engineers and reporting to the mechanical Director, you will be working on a variety of projects from education, commercial offices, residential (including high-end resi).
This role will certainly give a junior to intermediate engineer with 1-3 years of experience an extremely solid start to their career.


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Bacardi Cocktail
Your rating for Bacardi Cocktail:
a Martini glass...
2 fl oz Bacardi Carta Blanca light rum
½ fl oz Freshly squeezed lime juice
¼ fl oz Giffard Grenadine Syrup
⅙ fl oz Giffard Sugar Cane Syrup
½ fl oz Chilled water
Luxardo Maraschino cherry
This classic salmon-pinky drink perfectly combines and balances the light rum with the rich sourness of lime juice and the sweetness of pomegranate syrup.
The Bacardi Cocktail originated in Cuba in 1917 and quickly grew in popularity with the growth of the cocktail culture in the USA after Prohibition, so much so that it became known simply as 'the Bacardi'.
There are two schools of thought over the original ingredients, some believe it was originally simply a Daiquiri, containing rum, lime juice, and sugar but made using Bacardi rum and that the now ubiquitous grenadine version originated in New York sometime after Prohibition. Others hold that the grenadine was there at conception, after all the earliest known Daiquiri recipe was made with Bacardi rum. However, the number of vintage cocktail books listing a Bacardi Cocktail without grenadine would seem to back up the inclusion of grenadine being a later addition.
Like the Daiquiri, The Bacardi Cocktail was sometimes served frozen and talking about this special iced version, Jack Doyle, former barman at Sloppy Joe's in Key West, then Bacardi Imports Inc barman in New York, explained, "The secret to the iced version was to shake the flaked iced until it looked like sherbet." This technique became known as frappe.
As the Bacardi Cocktail rapidly grew in popularity a small number of establishments neglected to use Bacardi rum as the base ingredient, despite the brand being fundamental to the drink's name and flavour. In 1936, this led the Bacardi Company to take the Barbizon-Plaza Hotel and the Wivel Restaurant in West Fifty-Fourth Street to court in New York City to ensure that when a customer asked for 'Bacardi' by name they were given Bacardi Rum, so protecting the company's trademark.
Bacardi's case at New York's Supreme Court involved the premise that theirs was a unique rum and Bacardi family members travelled from Cuba to New York to appear as witnesses. Even Enrique Schueg, the third President of the Bacardi Company, took to the witness stand. When asked by Justice Walsh, "Well, how is this Bacardi Rum of yours made?" he replied, "Oh! That is my secret." Despite this secrecy, after deliberation, Justice John L. Walsh eventually affirmed that "Bacardi Rum is unique and uncopyable" and issued a ruling that a Bacardi Cocktail must legally be made with rum manufactured by the Compania Ron Bacardi.
There are approximately 143 calories in one serving of Bacardi Cocktail.
Bacardi Carta Blanca light rum (70cl Bottle)
Giffard Grenadine Syrup (70cl Bottle)
Sugar syrup (2:1)
Atomic Dog
SHAKE all ingredients with ice and strain into ice-filled glass.
Bajito
Lightly MUDDLE mint and basil in glass just enough to bruise. Add rum, sugar and lime juice. Half fill glass with crushed ice and CHURN (stir) with bar spoon. Add more crushed ice...
Cocktail shakers & how to shake a cocktail
Shaking not only mixes a drink, it also chills, dilutes and aerates it. Along with stirring shaking is the most common technique employed to mix cocktails.
How to strain a cocktail
When straining a shaken drink, a Hawthorn strainer tends to be used, but when straining a stirred drink it is traditional to use a Julep strainer. Both designs of strainer allow...
America's national Prohibition lasted from 1920 to 1933 and was supported by groups as diverse as the Christian Women's Temperance Movement and the Ku Klux Klan. Intended to banish...
The spectrum of rum ranges from light, vodka-like extra-light white rums through to characterful cognac-like aged rums with Navy, Dunder and such like in between. If that were not...
Libbey's Flashback Challenge
Libbey, the glassware folk, challenged bartenders to "go back in time and recreate one of your first ever created cocktails by using one of Libbey's


What Are The Things To Consider In Hiring A Roofer?
If you want to make sure that the roof in your homes are of high quality then it would be great to hire the best people to do job. There is not much to worry when it comes to searching for construction companies near your location, for there are actually lots of them that you can choose from. Hence, before you decide to hire a specific company to do that job you must be sure that they are qualified and reliable when it comes to their work. The advantage of hiring the most qualified people to do the job is that you have the assurance that your roof are well-made and durable.
Most homeowners do the following to help them decide which roofers should they hire; First is to look for their websites and check for the evaluation or commentaries of their former customers, next would be to ask some suggestions from your close friends or relatives and lastly you can check for informational sites about roofing services providers. Whether you are having big or small repairs for your roof, hiring reputable workforce to do the job guarantees you to have the best results.
License or certification and other pertinent papers is another thing that you must take into consideration in selecting a roofer. For you to be sure that a roofer is certified by your state to do the job you can contact their companies and ask them to take with them all the necessary documents just for verification purposes. After several considerations, if you have contacted at least two to four reliable companies you will now have vast selection that you can choose from.
Among those companies that you have contacted, for you to find the best one you must consider all the features of the services they offer. You must be meticulous for you to make the right decision, from the evaluation of their past clients, the experience they have in such work, the rate of their services and even how the actual roofer evaluate the kind of repair that must be done in your roof. You must also see to it that you are comfortable with the people sent by the company to do the job.


Find support: The help and encouragement from supportive friends or family members can get you through the rough spots.
Eat smart: To minimize possible weight gain when quitting, keep healthful, low fat, low calorie foods and sugar free candies available. Reach for fruits and raw vegetables when you crave a cigarette.
Get your sleep: Try to get eight hours of sleep every night. When you're tired, your cravings will seem stronger and you'll have less energy to deal with them.
Get moving: If you already have a daily physical activity routine, great, if not, choose something you enjoy doing. For example, walking is a low impact activity that is good for most people and it helps fight the urge to smoke. Go for a 15-minute walk when you're feeling edgy; you'll come back refreshed and relaxed - physical activity releases "feel-good" hormones in your body.
Learn about the dangers of smoking: If you're like most smokers, you avoid looking at the damage smoking causes to yourself and those around you.
Let it go: Most cravings last three to five minutes. Think of them as signs that your body is healing, then quickly replace the urge with something positive to do.
Don't ruin your quit attempt: Don't start feeling sorry that you can't smoke. Realize you are choosing not to smoke because you want to be free of this addiction. Quitting smoking is a gift you give yourself, not a sacrifice.
Be patient: Give yourself the gift of time and patience. You need to undo old patterns and replace them with newer, healthier choices.
Don't let fear stop you: Every smoker knows the fear that comes the day before your quit date arrives. Put It Out Rockland advises: "Don't let fear stop you before you try." You can get through the craving! The rewards of quitting are well worth the effort it takes to quit.
"Make 2018 the year you quit smoking for good," said Dr. Ruppert. Get help to successfully quit smoking: call the Health Department's Put It Out Rockland Quit Smoking Program at (845) 364-2651 for one-on-one help with quitting and low-cost nicotine patches that can double your chances of being successful, or call the New York State Smokers' Quitline at (866) NY-QUITS.


You will likely intend to write some inquiries out ahead of time. Make the concerns truly very easy- it's not the content we're learning, yet how you can communicate concerns and responses. You might differ the problem of the inquiries based upon the age and skill degree of your pupils. If you are teaching a diverse group of learners, you might also intend to target particular pupils with certain concerns, e. g. , give the more advanced students the more difficult concerns. You can make it more enjoyable by handing out buzzers or bells- the very first person to "ring in" reaches respond to the inquiry. Merely make sure that everyone obtains a turn.
Develop specific circumstances in your classrooms, situations that your students will likely encounter. Have one student order a pizza from an additional pupil. Have a student ask for directions. Or have one student invite one more pupil to a celebration. Some pupils will require your assistance to get via the scene. Various other students will certainly have the ability to get through a scene without support. For advanced learners, there is enormous worth in being the secondary part player, e. g. , the individual getting the pizza order or the event invite.
Find a tv program that is suitable for your class' age and finding out level. (Humor is a plus. ) See the program with shut captioning. The pupils will listen to the words, see the people speaking, and see the content all at the same time!
Have the students rest in a circle. Start the game with a straightforward word and ask the individual to your delegated claim the first (English) word that enters your mind. Now, the individual to his or her left need to claim the first word that involves his or her remember. Make sure to quit occasionally to debrief as well as specify any mystical words. A variation of this game is to have each pupil say a word that begins with the last letter of the previous word, e. g. , word, donkey, yodel, crazy.
Prior to course, print out loads of easy nouns and verbs. Cut them right into little slips of paper and also put them into a hat or bag. Invite each student to attract two words from the hat (you can use more for advanced students). Offer them each a minute ahead up with a sentence that uses those two words, and makes sense. After that invite each of them to discuss their sentence with the course. Accumulate the words and go again. It's all right to duplicate words, as the repetition assists!
Cooperative Learning Activities 3 Things to Remember When Using Cooperative ..


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January 11, 2022 1:13AM ET
Katy Perry and Alesso Drop Futuristic 'When I'm Gone' Video
Duo premiered new visual during the 2022 College Football Playoff National Championship halftime
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Katy Perry and Alesso have dropped their new video for their electro-pop dance single "When I'm Gone."
The clip premiered during halftime at Monday night's 2022 College Football Playoff National Championship game, marking the first time ESPN has premiered a music video during a live broadcast. The Hannah Lux Davis-directed visual opens on Perry in a phone booth declaring, "I just think it's time to give them everything they want," before she and the Swedish producer navigate and dance their way through a futuristic world.
"When it comes to my music videos we all know I like to push the boundaries and myself, and create unique opportunities for my fans to see them," Perry said in a statement. "ESPN and especially College GameDay hold a special place in my heart, so partnering with Alesso to become the first artists to ever debut a global music video within a live event on ESPN made for a perfect and natural pairing."
"I'm so thrilled that 'When I'm Gone' is finally out. We've been waiting the whole year to share it with all of you," Alesso added.
"When I'm Gone" is Perry and Alesso's first collaboration and it's the second single Perry released in 2021 following "Electric," which dropped in May as part of the Pokémon 25 soundtrack. Alesso's dropped four singles last year, including "Chasing Stars," a collaboration with Marshmello featuring James Bay.
Perry is in the midst of her Las Vegas residency, Katy Perry: Play, at The Theatre at Resorts World Last Vegas, which kicked off on New Year's Eve.
In This Article: Alesso,	Katy Perry,	video announcement


The University of Texas is a public system of higher education with a main campus in Austin, Texas. It was founded in 1881. The system includes branches in Arlington, Brownsville, Edinburg (Pan American branch), El Paso, Odessa (Permian Basin branch), Richardson (Dallas branch), San Antonio, and Tyler. University health science centers include those at Houston, San Antonio, and Tyler; the Medical Branch at Galveston; the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston; and the Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. The system enrolls more than 200,000 students, most of whom are undergraduates. The student body is notable for its racial and ethnic diversity.
With a total enrollment of more than 50,000 students, the campus at Austin is the largest in the University of Texas System and one of the largest campuses in the United States. It awards bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees in a wide array of disciplines. Programs are conducted by colleges and schools of liberal arts, natural sciences, architecture, business, communication, education, engineering, geosciences, information, law, nursing, pharmacy, public affairs, social work, and fine arts, as well as undergraduate studies and graduate studies. Many of the university's programs rank among the best in the country. Its graduate programs in theater, architecture, education, accounting, engineering, pharmacy, library and information science, and social work are especially well regarded.
The University of Texas at Austin is a major research institution. Among the dozens of research units on campus are the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, the Bureau of Economic Geology, the Institute for Neuroscience, and the Bureau of Business Research. With more than eight million books, the University of Texas at Austin library system is one of the largest in the United States. Also on campus are the Texas National Science Center's Texas Memorial Museum and the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum, with the presidential papers and memorabilia of the 36th U.S. president. The university's off-campus facilities include McDonald Observatory on Mount Locke near Fort Davis and the Marine Science Institute on the Gulf of Mexico at Port Aransas.
The varsity sports teams at Austin, nicknamed the Longhorns, compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The football team plays in the Football Bowl Subdivision. School colors are burnt orange and white.
The University of Texas at Arlington was founded in 1895 and joined the university system in 1965. It enrolls more than 30,000 students and awards bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees. The university is made up of colleges and schools of liberal arts, science, architecture, business, education and health professions, engineering, nursing, social work, and urban and public affairs as well as the Graduate School, University College (with programs for freshman), and the Honors College. University facilities include a nanotechnology laboratory, a brain injuries laboratory, a planetarium, an engineering research complex, the Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, and many other research centers.
The Arlington Mavericks, the university's varsity sports teams, compete in the NCAA's Division I. School colors are blue, orange, and white.
The University of Texas at Brownsville traces its history to 1973. It became part of the University of Texas System in 1991. Total enrollment is roughly 15,000 students, most of whom are Latino. The university grants associate, bachelor's, and master's degrees in many subjects and a doctoral degree in education. Programs are conducted by colleges and schools of liberal arts; science, mathematics, and technology; biomedical sciences and health professions; business; education; and nursing; University College (with programs for freshman); and the Office of Degree Completion.
The varsity sports teams at Brownsville participate in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The teams are nicknamed the Scorpions, and school colors are orange, white, and navy blue.
The University of Texas at Dallas is located in Richardson, a northern suburb of Dallas. It was established in 1961 and became part of the University of Texas System in 1969. More than 10,000 undergraduates and several thousand graduate students are enrolled. The university awards bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees. Its academic units include schools of liberal arts, natural sciences and mathematics, behavioral and brain sciences, business, engineering and computer science, interdisciplinary studies, and economic, political, and policy sciences. The university's many centers and institutes are devoted to such fields as space science, nanotechnology, communication disorders, brain science, Texas politics, Holocaust studies, and computer systems security.
The varsity sports teams at Dallas are known as the Comets. They compete in Division III of the NCAA, and their colors are forest green and orange.
Founded in 1914, the University of Texas at El Paso is one of the oldest schools in the university system. It joined the system in 1919. Its total enrollment is more than 20,000 students. The student body is predominantly Latino. The university grants bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees through colleges of liberal arts, natural sciences, business, education, engineering, and health sciences and a school of nursing. Its research units include the Center for Inter-American Border Studies, the Center for Space Exploration Technology Research, and the Research Institute for Manufacturing and Engineering Systems.
El Paso's varsity sports teams, nicknamed the Miners, compete in the NCAA's Division I, with the football team playing in the Football Bowl Subdivision. School colors are dark blue, orange, and silver.
The University of Texas–Pan American is located in Edinburg, in the extreme southern part of the state. It was founded in 1927 and joined the university system in 1989. It enrolls more than 15,000 undergraduates and a few thousand graduate students. The great majority of the students are Latino. The university grants bachelor's and master's degrees in a variety of fields and doctoral degrees in business, educational leadership, and rehabilitation counseling. It includes colleges of liberal arts, natural sciences, business, education, engineering and computer science, health sciences and human service, and social and behavioral sciences.
The university's varsity sports teams, known as the Broncs, play in Division I of the NCAA. School colors are forest green, orange, and white.
The University of Texas of the Permian Basin was founded in Odessa in 1969 as part of the university system. It enrolls a few thousand students. The university conducts bachelor's and master's degree programs through the College of Arts and Sciences, the School of Business, and the School of Education. Varsity sports teams, nicknamed the Falcons, participate in the NCAA's Division II. School colors are orange, white, and black.
The University of Texas at San Antonio was established in 1969 as a part of the university system. Its total enrollment exceeds 30,000 students. The university awards bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. Studies take place through colleges of liberal and fine arts, sciences, architecture, business, education and human development, engineering, and public policy. The university also has an honors college. It operates research centers and institutes in such disciplines as archaeology, sustainable energy, water resources, brain sciences, and emerging infectious diseases.
The San Antonio Roadrunners, the university's varsity sports teams, participate in Division I of the NCAA. The football team competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision. School colors are orange, navy blue, and white.
Founded in 1971, the University of Texas at Tyler joined the university system in 1979. It enrolls more than 5,000 students. The university conducts a variety of bachelor's and master's degree programs and confers doctoral degrees in nursing and human resources. It consists of colleges of arts and sciences, business and technology, education and psychology, engineering and computer science, and nursing and health sciences. The Tyler Patriots, the university's varsity sports teams, compete in the NCAA's Division III. Their colors are orange and navy blue.


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Mel's Art Journey: Hogs and Kisses to you!
For today's card I have decided to create a Clean and Simple card.
It has been coloured using Copic Markers and the border has been drawn using a Copic Multi liner Pen.


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En logique, l'instanciation universelle (également appelée Dictum de omni) est une règle d'inférence qui permet, à partir d'une vérité sur l'ensemble des membres d'une classe d'entités, d'inférer une vérité sur une entité particulière de cette classe. Elle est généralement considérée comme une règle de quantification pour le quantificateur universel, mais elle peut également être énoncée en tant qu'axiome. C'est l'un des principes de bases de la théorie de la quantification.

Exemple : « Tous les hommes sont mortels. Socrate est un homme. Donc Socrate est mortel. »

Définition formelle

De manière symbolique, la représentation de cette règle en tant que schéma d'axiome est :

 (∀x A(x)) → A(a/x), avec la condition que a soit librement substituable à x dans A.

où a est un terme, et où A(a/x), appelé « substitution uniforme de x par a dans A » est le résultat de la substitution de toute occurrence libre de x dans A par a.
La représentation en tant que règle d'inférence est :

 Si ⊢ ∀x A alors ⊢ A(a/x)      ou

Problème de la capture de variable

Il faut prendre garde au cas où a est un terme qui contient des variables qui apparaissent liées dans A; si une occurrence de x apparait dans A dans le champ d'une de ces quantifications, la substitution « naïve » est fausse. C'est le phénomène dit de capture de variable. On a plusieurs solutions. Si la substitution est la substitution naïve, il faut interdire les substitutions avec capture de variable. C'est une solution qui fonctionne théoriquement, mais qui demande par exemple une règle de renommage des variables liées.  On peut travailler également (il y a plusieurs façons de le réaliser) sur des formules à renommage des variables liées près, c'est-à-dire que l'on modifie la substitution pour qu'elle renomme les variables liées de façon satisfaisante en cas de capture de variables. La substitution n'est alors plus le simple remplacement d'occurrences d'une même lettre par un mot, mais tient compte de la structure logique de la formule.

L'exemple suivant illustre le phénomène de capture de variable. Dans la formule , la variable x apparait dans le champ du quantificateur y. Si l'on souhaite substituer un terme a qui contient y, par exemple y lui-même, et que l'on utilise la substitution naïve, on a la dérivation suivante qui est  erronée :

La prémisse dit que tout individu x a un père y (qui dépend de x). La dérivation erronée conclut que l'individu y est son propre père, ce qui ne découle évidemment pas de la première affirmation. L'erreur vient du fait qu'il n'est pas permis de substituer directement y (ou un terme qui contiendrait y) à x, car dans la prémisse, x apparait dans le champ du quantificateur existentiel sur y, et donc y, au lieu d'être une variable libre de la conclusion, se trouve capturée par ce quantificateur.

Une déduction correcte est, à renommage des variables liées près :

Instanciation universelle et systèmes de déduction

L'instanciation universelle est réalisée par  la règle d'élimination de la déduction naturelle (énoncée indépendamment par Gerhard Gentzen et Stanislaw Jaskowski en 1934). C'est en quelque sorte un cas particulier de la règle gauche du quantificateur universel dans le calcul des séquents du même Gentzen. On la réalise souvent par un schéma d'axiomes dans un système à la Hilbert.

Notes et références

Articles connexes
 Modus ponens
 Modus tollens

Logique

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Tag Archives: Montana rural libraries
Eastern Montana County Seats: Scobey
Posted on April 11, 2019 by carrollvanwest
For whatever reason, readers of Montana's Historic Landscapes have been very interested in Daniels County, way up in the northeast corner of the state. In previous posts I have discussed the Daniels County Courthouse–one of my favorites–the county's historic rural schools and Flaxville, one of the most interesting tiny towns left from the homesteading era in all of eastern Montana.
Today I want to look back at Scobey, the seat of Daniels County, which was established in 1920 at the end of the homesteading era. Sometimes it is referred to as the most isolated county seat in America. But whatever its isolation may be, I found Scobey a relaxing, interesting place, and actually took many images. But outside of the courthouse, schools, the fairgrounds, and wonderful Pioneer Museum, I did not share much with the readers. This post changes that.
The county library, above, is small but busy, a reminder of how important these public buildings can be. About 5 years ago, the time of my last visit, Scobey still had its own medical center, below, as well as a distinctive post office, different from many in the region due to its modernist style.
Much of its past remains, and remains in use. The railroad corridor had changed–the passenger depot was gone, but historic grain elevators still mark how Scobey was a major grain shipping point for much of the 20th century.
Historic churches have left deep roots in Scobey. Below are the Scobey United Methodist Church, the Scobey Lutheran Church (which has a wonderful Gothic altar), and St. Bonitus Catholic Church, another example of mid-century modern in the Catholic church buildings of Eastern Montana.
The residential area has plenty of vernacular-styled 20th century homes, most from the first half of the century. I particularly liked the next two bungalows on Timmons Street.
Five years ago the business district had clearly weathered the 2007-2008 recession and lots of stores and bars were open, anchored by Independence Bank, another example of 1960s-1970s modern commercial style in Scobey.
Businesses from the first decade of settlement also were part of the "downtown" fabric, such as this historic two-story Masonic Hall and the Pioneer Hotel, which once served as a first stop for homesteaders upon their arrival in Scobey.
There is a persistence in Scobey that is admirable. The Daniel County Leader, the local newspaper, also has weathered the storm of media change in the 21st century and stands in the heart of town, still undoubtedly serving as a community communication center.
How I missed these properties in my initial post–well I can't explain that. I am sure I had a good reason 5 years ago. But what is really inexplicable to me is why I did not share more of my photos from the Scobey School–especially its football and track field below–
along with more interior images from the Daniels County Courthouse, the one building in Scobey that is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Here you see the courthouse's long hallway (with its National Register sign in the corner), the records vault, the courtroom's jury box, and the jury room. Just walking into this place takes me to the beginning years of Daniels County.
One property type many people ask about are cemeteries. Unfortunately I did not have the time to record every tombstone in these places–another time, perhaps. But I can add to the blog additional images from the Daniels County Cemetery, which lies outside of Scobey. These images hardly cover everything but they do document what a special place this tiny county seat is, for residents and for visitors willing to go exploring.
Posted in Montana historical landscape	| Tagged Daniels County Courthouse Montana, Daniels County Montana, homestead hotels, Montana bars, Montana football fields, Montana modernism, Montana roadside signs, Montana rural banks, Montana rural cemeteries, Montana rural churches, Montana rural libraries, Montana rural post offices, Montana signs, Montana vernacular architecture, Scobey Montana	| Leave a reply
Missoula County's country towns
Posted on August 7, 2016 by carrollvanwest
Missoula County has grown, a lot, since my state historic preservation plan work in 1984-1985, especially in the county seat of Missoula and surrounding suburbs. Yet Missoula County still has several spectacular rural drives, like Montana Highway 83 above at Condon, along with distinctive country towns. This post will share some of my favorites.
Let's just stay at Condon. The Swan Valley Centre–it was just a general store back in the day–still operates, providing for locals and in the summer the tourists who are flocking to Seeley Lake or passing through on the way to Glacier National Park or Flathead Lake.
The Condon Community Center and adjacent Swan Valley Community Library serve as additional hubs for those living along the lakes and mountains of northeast Missoula County. Both buildings are excellent examples of mid-20th century Rustic style–a look that, in different variations, dominates the Highway 35 corridor.
Condon is also the base for the Condon Work Center, home to the Great Northern Fire Crew, of the Flathead National Forest. Here you can take a mile-long Swan Ecosystem Trail and learn of the diversity of life in this national forest region.
South of Condon on Montana Highway 83 is Seeley Lake–a place that certainly has boomed in the last 30 years–witness the improved highway, new businesses, and population that has increased over 60 percent since my last visit in 1992. Yet it still had places rooted in the community's earlier history such as the Sullivan Memorial Community Hall–a good example of mid-20th century Rustic style.
And it had added one of my favorite bits of roadside architecture in this part of Montana: the Chicken Coop Restaurant as well as opening a new Seeley Lake Historical Museum and Chamber of Commerce office at a spectacular highway location just outside of town.
Let's stay in the mountains but go northwest of Missoula to the historic Ninemile Remount Depot of the U.S. Forest Service. In earlier posts I have praised the historic preservation work of the Forest Service at various places across Montana–30 years ago it might have been like pulling teeth to have forest service managers to recognize the many heritage assets under their jurisdiction but no more. The Forest Service has done right by many of its National Register historic places, with Ninemile Depot being a particularly good example. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
In 1984 too few of us were focused on resources coming from the New Deal era. When I was at Ninemile in 1984 I was looking for the historic school house–and was pleased 30 years later to find that it stood, and had been converted into a residence.
I don't recall even thinking about the forest service facility, but here was an entire complex devoted to the forest service's use of mules and horses before the days of the ATV that was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps. The remount depot is an interesting
mix of restrained Colonial Revival styled offices and residences combined with a early 20th century functional aesthetic for the various barns and work buildings, which could have come straight from the USDA's standardized plans for farm buildings of that time.
If you want to explore how the New Deal transformed the Montana landscape, the Ninemile Remount Depot is a must stop. It has a museum about what has and still happens here and campgrounds are located nearby in the national forest.
Frenchtown is a Milwaukee Road railroad town closer to Missoula and the city's sprawl to the northwest has impacted the town, as evident from the new school complex. When I visited in 1984 the town was a paper mill town. Waldorf Paper Products Company opened the mill in 1957, but a successor company, Smurfit-Stone, closed the mill in 2010. At that time the town had experienced a significant population boom, having grown from 883 in 2000 to over 1800 in 2010.
The name Frenchtown dates to 1868 and is a reference to a number of French Canadians who moved here in the early settlement period. A National Register-listed church, the St. John the Baptist Catholic Church (1884) marks that first generation of settlers. Its classical-tinged cupola has long been the town's most famous landmark.
The Milwaukee Road built through here in 1907-1908 and there remains a handful of historic business buildings from the time of the Milwaukee boom. There is one landmark
from the paper mill days that I recall from my work in 1984–because I stopped here for a break back then: the Alcan Bar–and note the "F" for Frenchtown on the hill behind it.
Evaro is also northwest of Missoula, more north than west along U.S. Highway 93. The highway's four-lane expansion has changed so much of the roadside landscape between this place and Hamilton far to the south. Yet Evaro still has its c. 1930 one-room school, which is now the community center, helping to preserve this historic building. And its has
another roadside landmark–the Bucksnort Bar, just further evidence to add to the Chicken Coop and the Alcan that you won't go hungry if you explore the small towns of Missoula County.
Posted in Montana historical landscape	| Tagged Condon Montana, Evaro Montana, Flathead National Forest, Frenchtown Montana, Logging industry Montana, Milwaukee Road, Missoula County Montana, Montana bars, Montana community halls, Montana Highway 83, Montana modernism, Montana museums, Montana rural libraries, Montana Rural Schools, Montana schools, National Register of Historic Places, Nine mile Remount Depot Montana, Seeley Lake Montana, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Highway 93	| Leave a reply
Bridger: Northern Pacific Railroad Hub in the Clark's Fork Valley
Posted on October 11, 2015 by carrollvanwest
As you head north into Montana from Wyoming on U. S. 310, the first substantial place you encounter is Bridger, named for famed fur trader and early Yellowstone traveler Jim Bridger. Like its neighbor to the north in Fromberg, Bridger is another turn of the 20th century Northern Pacific Railroad town in the Clark's Fork River Valley that was much the same from my initial visit 31 years ago. Its population had remained steady–a tad over 700, about the same as in 1984, and only 150 or so less than its height in 1950.
The town's grain elevators speak to the formative impact of the railroad. Here back in the late 1890s engineers followed a well worn and recognized Indian trail–a similar route to what Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce Indians chose a generation earlier as he tried to find safety for his people, traveling from Wyoming into the Clark's Fork Valley.
The town's commercial district retains much of its early 20th century look. Old bank buildings dominate the town center, while substantial 2-story commercial buildings (including properties listed in the National Register) remain, showing how quickly merchants came to Bridger and launched businesses to attract the growing number of homesteaders in the Clark's Fork River valley in the 1910s.
That first generation of settlers did their part to build lasting community institutions. The Bridger United Methodist Church is an impressive example of vernacular Gothic design. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The town library is almost a picture perfect example of what this institution should look like in a small town setting.
The irrigation ditch drifting through the town park is a reminder of how the engineered landscape of irrigated fields provided much of Bridger's early wealth and development. The park itself was a creation of the Works Progress Administration in the late 1930s.
Within the park is a ceramic and brick arch, one of the town's many examples of public art. The mural on a side of a store seen earlier in this post is another example while creative metal statues of wild horses grazing or the imposing figure of Jim Bridger himself welcoming visitors at the southern end of the town underscores a local tradition of public art not often seen in Montana's small towns.
Other historic statements of the town's sense of community include the 1930s Civic Center, a bit worn today but a center for community gatherings and social events for decades.
Bridger's schools from the 1960s introduce Montana modernism to the townscape, almost like spaceships landing within the middle of the Clark's Fork River Valley. Modernism 1960s style also characterize Sacred Heart Catholic Church, St. Paul's Lutheran Church, and the Bridger Seventh Day Adventist Church, constructed in 1965.
St. Paul Lutheran Church Sacred Heart Catholic Church
These community anchors date from 50 years ago, so obviously growth has been stagnant, or stable, pick your terms, since the boom introduced in the valley through expanded irrigation projects in the post-World War II era. But all of the buildings are well maintained, and are part of the sense of overall sense of pride you get from a visit to Bridger.
Bridger has reminders, both in monuments and in businesses, of the deep past of the Clark's Fork River Valley. It is an interesting place of strong institutions, several National Register-listed historic homes, and local business, and a significant part of the often ignored history of the Clark's Fork Valley.
Posted in Montana historical landscape	| Tagged Bridger Methodist Church, Bridger Montana, Carbon County Montana, Clark's Fork River, irrigation ditch, Jim Bridger, Montana banks, Montana community halls, Montana grain elevators, Montana highway markers, Montana modernism, Montana public art, Montana public sculpture, Montana rural libraries, Montana Rural Schools, National Register of Historic Places, Nez Perce Trail, Northern Pacific Railroad, U.S. Highway 310	| 2 Replies


Putting an end to the rumors and teases, Harmonix has officially announced that Rock Band 4 is releasing later this year for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.
Since the beginning, we've called Rock Band a music platform. Players responded by downloading hundreds of their favorite tracks, and building a massive library of playable music. It's important for us to respect those purchases and enable our fans to bring that content over to the Rock Band platform on new generation consoles.
For anyone who downloaded songs from the store or exported songs from a disc on PlayStation 3 or Xbox 360, you'll be able to download those same songs on the new platforms for free, though you have to stay within the same console family (PS3 songs only work on PS4; Xbox 360 songs only work on Xbox One). Hundreds of songs will be available at launch, while both back catalog and new songs will be added regularly after launch.
With Rock Band 4, we're doubling down on the energy and excitement of playing music live with your friends. Focusing on the core experience that our fans have told us they love allows us to evolve established gameplay in meaningful ways that we can't wait to share with everyone later this year.
By focusing on the core experience, Harmonix is only planning to support guitar, bass, drums, and vocals, meaning there won't be any Pro Guitar or keyboard support in Rock Band 4. Pro mode for drums will still be supported though.
We're already working closely with Mad Catz, Sony, and Microsoft on solutions for letting you use legacy hardware on new consoles. This is a challenge on both the software side and hardware side, but something we'd love to happen. We'll have more information on this in the coming months.
You will be able to buy new hardware, as Harmonix has partnered with Mad Catz to create some new instruments, which have an improved tilt sensor and more. Further details about the instruments are on Mad Catz's blog.
As of right now, Harmonix isn't talking about the "evolutionary" features, the price, or on-disc songs for Rock Band 4 yet.
More details about Rock Band 4 are set to be revealed this May.
To celebrate the announcement of Rock Band 4, Rock Band 3 and Rock Band Blitz owners can download 'I Still Believe' by Fran Turner for free right now on PS3 and Xbox 360.
Are you ready to play Rock Band 4 later this year?


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ASIC welcomes broader competition powers
ASIC has welcomed the Productivity Commission's recommendation that the corporate regulator be granted a "broad, proactive competition mandate".
Appearing before the Productivity Commission (PC) in Melbourne yesterday, Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) senior executive leader for strategy Greg Kirk welcomed the commission's draft report, which suggested ASIC become a "champion for competition" in Australian financial services.
The PC draft report advocated a new, broad mandate for ASIC that would see the regulator responsible for competition within financial services.
"We support the Productivity Commission's recognition of the importance of ASIC having a broad, proactive competition mandate to undertake our role effectively," Mr Kirk said.
An "appropriate" mandate would allow ASIC to "factor and appropriately balance competition into our regulatory decision-making, and address market failure as a driver of misconduct or poor consumer outcomes", Mr Kirk said.
"We also support regulators working together to consider competition issues in the financial system, and to learn from each other's expertise and perspectives, whatever mechanism is ultimately chosen to achieve this," he said.
On the topic of data and transparency, Mr Krik said there is "too little" focus on providing consumers with meaningful information about performance.
"However, we also know that the complexity of financial products and services and consumer decision-making means simply providing more information may not necessarily improve competition and consumer outcomes," he said.


See below feedback strata management group received from developers and past projects.
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I have worked in property industry for more than 30 years. During this time I have been involved in the development of a large number of strata titled projects (both industrial and residential). I recently engaged the team at the strata management group to assist with the establishment of the body corporate (CTS) at a residential development currently under construction in nundah. I have found frances and her team to be highly professional; efficient and accurate in all matters relating to the task at hand. I have no hesitation in recommending the team at smg to anyone involved in the development of strata projects. They are by far the best body corporate management group I have used to date.
Jamieson projects would like to recommend the services of strata management group (smg). SMG provided advice and helped jamieson projects with the establishment of our body corporate for our residential project at sinnamon farm. SMG were diligent and detailed in their review of our development scheme and then provided some great options for the management of the scheme. With the development being subject to multiple heritage listings the management was not straightforward but smg were able to create a management platform that was unique for the development but still straight forward in its operation for the benefit of future occupiers. We have since then engaged smg to run the body corporate at sinnamon farm. I found smg to be very professional and very contactable at all times. I would have no hesitation in recommending them to others.
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Parsing the Unity Bill - Macleans.ca
Parsing the Unity Bill
The NDP is wrong on secession, the Clarity Act and the Supreme Court
by Emmett Macfarlane
"The Reference requires us to consider whether Quebec has a right to unilateral secession. Those who support the existence of such a right found their case primarily on the principle of democracy. Democracy, however, means more than simple majority rule."
This was a unanimous Supreme Court of Canada in 1998's reference decision on Quebec secession. The Court went on to declare that only "a clear majority on a clear question" could compel the federal government and the other provinces to engage in negotiations with Quebec on the matter.
It is true the Court did not specify what would actually count as a "clear majority" (55 percent? 60? 67?). That, the justices said, was a matter for the political actors to decide. What is crystal clear, for anyone with the scarcest smidgen of reading comprehension, is that a "clear majority" is something more than 50 percent plus one. The highest court in the land has made an explicit distinction between "simple majority" and "clear majority."
In 2000, the Liberal government enacted legislation along precisely these lines to dictate the federal government's response to a future referendum on sovereignty. Dubbed the Clarity Act, the law sets out a timeframe and some conditions (such as taking into consideration the views of other provincial governments, Aboriginal peoples and all the parties in the House) for Parliament to determine whether the results reflect a clear majority on a clear question.
In 2005, the NDP passed the Sherbrooke Declaration, taking the position that 50 percent plus one was sufficient for triggering negotiations. Since then, the party has often stated its belief that such a position was consistent with the Clarity Act. This week, after a Bloc motion to rescind the Clarity Act put pressure on the NDP to clarify its position, the party came out with a private members' bill that would replace the Clarity Act altogether.
The NDP legislation, dubbed the Unity Bill, would see the federal government enter into negotiations after a simple majority vote on a clear question. The bill, and the party's defense of it, betrays a cringe-inducing understanding (or blatant misrepresentation) of the Supreme Court's reference decision, the Constitution and how a presumably "federalist" party ought to act as a defender of the Constitution and national unity.
Craig Scott, the NDP MP (and former law professor!) introducing the bill, has said "the Supreme Court never once hinted that when they were talking about a clear majority, they meant a substantial majority." He's right. The Court didn't "hint" at it at all. It explicitly said so (see the quote above).
If the NDP thinks the Court is wrong then it is certainly free to say so. But instead, the party has introduced a bill on the utterly false proposition that the bill is consistent with what the Court has said.
Piling gaffe onto blunder, in another hilarious misread of the Court's reference decision the bill would also refer the matter of a "clear question" to the Quebec Court of Appeal. This is a scenario the Supreme Court clearly wanted to avoid when it emphatically declared such a determination was to be made by the political branches.
In some ways this is all moot. There is little reason to be worried about even a simple majority of Quebecers voting yes on a legitimately clear referendum question (despite the razor thin margin in 1995, the question then spoke of a murky "economic and political partnership"). Even if it did, the federal government is not the sole authority on how any negotiations would proceed—each of the other nine provinces would be every bit as important in the process, given the unanimity required under the constitutional amending formula.
Yet the NDP's stance, to put it as diplomatically as possible, is highly problematic. First, the party is actively, egregiously misrepresenting what the Supreme Court decided on this matter. Second, and more importantly, the NDP is defending a position that the Canadian Constitution could legitimately be torn asunder by an ephemeral simple majority of a single province. The party ignores basic supermajority requirements for constitutional amendment (except, it appears, for the party's own constitution, which requires a two-thirds majority).
And from a political perspective, the party shuns even deeper principles, for it is impossible to avoid the conclusion that this is a shameless appeal for soft nationalist voters in Quebec. As a result, it is also impossible to be sure that, were it to form government, the NDP would live up to the expectation that it would act first and foremost in defence of Canadian unity and the Constitution.
Emmett Macfarlane is an assistant professor of political science at the University of Waterloo. You can follow him on Twitter here.
clarity act
Craig Scott
Emmett Macfarlane
Maclean's Politics
Quebec secession
Sherbrooke Declaration
Unity Bill
Speaker rejects NDP MP's complaint about Tory senator's 'misogynistic' attack
Why don't MPs vote electronically?
Andrew Scheer on Question Period
Ex-soldiers protest impending office veterans affairs office closures
QP Live: All the parties are fighting a theme war


I'm beginning to question my sanity for getting up so early of my own accord! I generally run in the evening after work, but seeing as rain was forecast this afternoon I thought I'd take advantage of the sunshine.
I started at your age, very overweight and unfit too, with joint issues and hip pain, back spasms 🙄. I was a drinker too,i'd also been a heavy smoker, What a pretty picture 😁.
Thanks, Misswobble. C25K is part of a wider lifestyle change since the start of the year. We have stopped eating meat, cut down on alcohol (sometimes more successfully than others ) and now this. Between the ages of 7-14 I suffered from Bronchitis every Christmas & summer holiday, so my lungs have never been that great. Doing C25K has really helped to get my stamina up in general. I can't believe I'm now going to say this, but I think I'm beginning to enjoy running!
That made me smile. Exactly what happened to me. You know slog, slog, slog... Hmmm you know this really is fun. Lots and lots of benefits. Keep on running!
I loved reading your post, its that wonderful feeling of achieving something you didn't dare possible, and at our age too!
I'm not sure if I'll run before going to work, as I have a 1.5-hour commute. But I may well get up early tomorrow to run, even though it's a day off.
I have to say that the early morning run is a joy as it's quieter, cooler & ive not been frazzled by the day. I doubt that I'll get out early on workdays though, as I have to get up at 6:15 A's it is. Today was meant to be a rest day, but I had such a good time yesterday that I ran again this morning (25 min). I'll take tomorrow off, then back to business on Tuesday.
Another early morning runner here who would never have believed it possible just a few months ago. Well done and I hope the shoe shopping went well.
Oh yes, the new shoes are a vast improvement. I also got some compression socks which have helped ease my leg aches.
W6R3: I'm a runner...thank you Laura!


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Q: Eclipse: JVM terminated. Exit code=2 I recently decided to start trying Android app development, so I downloaded the Java SE Development Kit 8 (x86) for Windows (I got Windows 8 64bit, but my guide recommends getting the 32bit one), the Android SDK, and the Eclipse IDE for Java Developers (x86).
However, my Eclipse won't launch when I double click eclipse.exe! Instead, I get the following error message:

I tried adding Java to my Path variable in my Environment variables as suggested in some of the solutions I looked up, but it still doesn't launch properly.
Anyone know what else I can try? Also, if possible, please do not use super-technical vocabulary as I'm new to these kinds of stuff and will not understand you...thank you haha :D

A: I had the same issue and was trying to install different versions of JDK: 1.6, 1.7, 1.8.
It didn't help much.
The problem was resolved when I changed PATH variable by removing
C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;

In command prompt I also ran following commands:
set JAVA_HOME=C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_25
set PATH=C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_25\bin;%PATH%

But I think the most important was to remove C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath; from the PATH.

A: One line answer, remove 'C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;' from your path variable. It will start to work.

A: Most errors with starting eclipse happen due to multiple JRE or JDK version which makes the installer go nuts.
Solution: Go to Control Panel -> Uninstall Programs
If you're running 64-bit java, then uninstall all Java without the 64bit indicator. If 32-bit, then uninstall all that have 64-bit
It works like magic!

A: I know exactly how to solve your problem. Go to search and put in environment, a prompt will come up and ask you to "Edit environmental variables for your account" click that and a window will pop up. There will be the current paths which are running on the top (you should have your JDK version running, mine is 1.8) and on the bottom part there will be paths to choose from. Select (on the bottom part) the java path and delete it, then click okay. This should work.
If it didn't work, You may also add a new path to the java bin folder which worked for me.

A: Here is an alternative:
As described here, make sure that you have the -vm option set in your eclipse.ini file.
It must be an absolute path and on 2 separate lines:
-vm
<Absolute Path>\javaw.exe

Save your .ini and relaunch Eclipse

A: What worked for me was having installed adoptopenjdk11 using Chocolatey package manager:
choco install adoptopenjdk11

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
<Spaniards face ham shortage as Chinese market gets taste for jamón ibérico
Is this the future of air travel? Zoom on: Airlander 10>
Automotive, Moving
The TRACK1 is designed to go where no board has gone before
Editorial Teamon November 27, 2017 /Comments closed
Surf the earth with the off-road electric board with a track.
images: fluxdesignco.com
It was in the winter of 2016 that Michael Menendez from Seattle-based Flux Design Co. envisioned the Track1. The track-drive is the first of its kind, extraordinarily unique due to the traction of a tank combined with smooth handling. This is an all-season, all- terrain vehicle comparable to a personal ATV. It can ride snow, sand, dirt, and street, says the inventor of the world's most capable off-road eBoard, now in a prototype stage with a funding campaign on indiegogo.
The riding experience of the TRACK1 is similar to a surfboard and snowboard, you lean with your whole body. Depending on therider's weight, the terrain type, and the average speed the boards range is 8-15 miles per a full charge. Depending on the terrainbeing ridden the board can travel at speeds up to 20 mph. Track1 uses the motor and reduction to slow down, and even lock upthe track. The brakes are very good. The eboard can be equipped with very powerful LED headlights for night riding.
"Its fluid and responsive to a riders motions making for a fluid and enjoyable riding style. The tracks patented tire-like form factor allows for deep carving angles giving a rider the feeling of turning on a bank, and because the board is driven from the rear a rider can use the thrust to intentionally over-steer making for a more dramatic turn… like drifting off-road. Thrust can also assists when riding out of hard turns," says Flux Design team.
Track technology hasn't changed significantly over the past couple of decades, but recent advancements in battery technology and aerospace materials make this an ideal time for advancements. The Flux track is built from the ground up. A proprietary mixture of polymers and composites allow for a lightweight and durable track.
The utility handlebars are a good option for those who are new to board riding, or just need more utility from the TRACK1. The handlebars are made from aluminum, chromoly and carbon fiber for a little flexibility and maximum durability. Perfect for beginners or advanced riders, the handlebars open new opportunities for the TRACK1.
Tagged: eboard electric board electric board golf Flux Design Flux Design Track 1 off-road board off-road electric board skateboard Technology track Track1
How To Dock a Boat With Yachting Industry's First Fully Integrated Assisted Docking System
27-meter Wally WHY200 – a cool new space ship in more ways than one
This new space hotel with décor by Philippe Starck opens a thriving network of commercial activity in Low Earth Orbit


text:
County officials suggest people grocery shop on specific days based on last name
In order to reduce crowding at grocery stores, officials in Calvert County, Maryland are asking residents to only shop on certain days.
In order to reduce crowding at grocery stores, one Maryland county is suggesting that people go grocery shopping on specific days based on their last name.Chip Somodevilla / Getty Images
April 17, 2020, 7:54 PM UTC / Source: TODAY
By Scott Stump
In the latest attempt to reduce crowding at grocery stores during the coronavirus pandemic, health officials in a Maryland county are asking residents to only do their shopping on certain days based on their last name.
Officials at the Calvert County Health Department asked residents in an announcement on Wednesday to "voluntarily limit trips for groceries to once every 5 days on the following schedule," listing two suggested dates each for five different groups of people, based on the first letter of their last names.
For instance, people with last names starting with A-C would shop on dates ending with 0 and 5.
FoodWhat grocery store employees want you to know about shopping right now
Download the TODAY app for the latest coverage on the coronavirus outbreak.
The county health officials also "strongly recommended" that customers and employees wear basic face masks and "place the needs of medically vulnerable neighbors above their personal preferences."
Stores in Calvert County are also required to disinfect shopping carts or make antiseptic wipes available to shoppers at the entrance. Employees also must be given time to wash their hands every hour, and occupancy at retailers is limited to 5 people per 1,000 square feet of the store.
"As a result of chronic overcrowding in grocery and convenience stores, as well as some other retailers, the Health Department has acted on Governor Hogan's directive to institute new policies to decrease virus transmission,'' Calvert County officials said in the release.
Costco will give priority access to health care workers
April 9, 202000:46
The guidelines from Calvert County follow myriad changes made by large retailers and grocery chains like Walmart, Target and Costco, including giving health workers and first responders priority to enter stores, offering elderly-only shopping hours and metering the amount of customers allowed in the store at a given time.
"We all want to get back to our normal lives as soon as possible," Calvert County officials said in the release. "Our actions make a difference. Sustaining those actions are the key to lowering our risk of infection and lifting social restrictions. We can't speed up time, but we can dramatically slow the spread of the virus."
Scott Stump
Scott Stump is a staff reporter and the writer of the daily newsletter This is TODAY. He has been a regular contributor for TODAY.com since 2011, producing news stories and features across the trending, pop culture, sports, parents, pets, health, style, food and TMRW verticals.


text:
package com.socrata.datacoordinator
package truth
package sql

import com.socrata.datacoordinator.util.collection.{ColumnIdSet, ColumnIdMap}
import com.socrata.datacoordinator.id.{RowId, ColumnId}

trait RepBasedSqlDatasetContext[CT, CV] extends DatasetContext[CT, CV] {
  val schema: ColumnIdMap[SqlColumnRep[CT, CV]]
  lazy val allColumnIds = schema.keySet
  lazy val userColumnIds = allColumnIds.filterNot(systemColumnIds)

  lazy val canonicallyOrderedColumnIds = allColumnIds.toSet.toSeq.sorted
  lazy val canonicallyOrderedUserColumnIds = userColumnIds.toSet.toSeq.sorted
}

object RepBasedSqlDatasetContext {
  private class Impl[CT, CV](val typeContext: TypeContext[CT, CV],
                             val schema: ColumnIdMap[SqlColumnRep[CT, CV]],
                             val userPrimaryKeyColumn: Option[ColumnId],
                             val systemIdColumn: ColumnId,
                             val versionColumn: ColumnId,
                             val systemColumnIds: ColumnIdSet)
    extends RepBasedSqlDatasetContext[CT, CV]
  {
    val userPrimaryKeyType: Option[CT] = userPrimaryKeyColumn.map(schema(_).representedType)
    val primaryKeyColumn = userPrimaryKeyColumn.getOrElse(systemIdColumn)
    val primaryKeyType = schema(primaryKeyColumn).representedType

    def mergeRows(base: Row[CV], overlay: Row[CV]): Row[CV] = base ++ overlay
  }

  def apply[CT, CV](typeContext: TypeContext[CT, CV],
                    schema: ColumnIdMap[SqlColumnRep[CT, CV]],
                    userPrimaryKeyColumn: Option[ColumnId],
                    systemIdColumn: ColumnId,
                    versionColumn: ColumnId,
                    systemColumnIds: ColumnIdSet): RepBasedSqlDatasetContext[CT, CV] =
    new Impl(typeContext, schema, userPrimaryKeyColumn, systemIdColumn, versionColumn, systemColumnIds)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Avg rating 3.73
Ratings (35)
Want2buy
Poseidon's Wake
(Poseidon's Children, #3)
by Alastair Reynolds
Type: speculative fiction
Speculative fiction is a broad umbrella category of narrative fiction referring to any fiction story that includes elements, settings and characters whose features are created out of imagination and speculation rather than based on attested reality and everyday life. That encompasses the genres of science fiction, fantasy, science fantasy, horror, alternative history, and magic realism.
Genres: science fiction > space opera
Mankind has reached the stars. Now we are trying to unravel the heart of the universe, but all discoveries are dangerous and some mysteries might be safest left unexplored...
This novel is a stand-alone story which takes two extraordinary characters and follows them as they, independently, begin to unravel some of the greatest mysteries of our universe.
Their missions are dangerous, and they are all venturing into the unknown... and if they can uncover the secret to faster-than-light travel then new worlds will be at our fingertips.
But innovation and progress are not always embraced by everyone. There is a saboteur at work. Different factions disagree about the best way to move forward. And the mysterious Watchkeepers are ever-present.
Completing the informal trilogy which began with BLUE REMEMBERED EARTH and ON THE STEEL BREEZE, this is a powerful and effective story.
About the Author :: Alastair Reynolds
Alastair Reynolds (born in 1966 in Barry, Wales) is a British science fiction author. He specialises in dark hard science fiction and space opera and noir toned stories.
Reynolds spent his early years in Cornwall, moved back to Wales before going to Newcastle, where he read Physics and Astronomy. Afterwards, he earned a PhD from St Andrews, Scotland. In 1991, he moved to Noordwijk in the Netherlands where he met his wife Josette (who is from France). There, he worked twelve years for the European Space Research and Technology Centre, part of the European Space Agency. About half of his time in ESA he spent working on S-Cam, the world's most advanced optical camera. In 2004 when he left ESA to pursue writing full time. He returned ... (more)
to Wales in 2008 and lives near Cardiff with his wife. They like horse riding, birds, long walks in the woods, good curries and old films.
Reynolds wrote his first short stories in 1990, while still a graduate student. In 1991 Reynolds graduated and moved from Scotland to the Netherlands to work at ESA. He then started spending much of his writing time on a first novel, which eventually turned into Revelation Space. In 1995 his story "Byrd Land Six" was published, which he says marked the beginning of a more serious phase of writing.
Reynolds's first published novel was Revelation Space (2000), which was shortlisted for the BSFA and Arthur C Clarke awards. His second novel, Chasm City (2001), won the BSFA award in 2002. A number of his other novels and stories have been shortlisted for the BSFA and Clarke awards.
Reynolds' works reflect his professional expertise with physics and astronomy, included by extrapolating future technologies in terms that are consistent, for the most part, with current science. Reynolds has said he prefers to keep the science in his books to what he personally believes will be possible, and he does not believe faster-than-light travel will ever be possible, but that he adopts science he believes will be impossible when it is necessary for the story. Most of Reynolds's novels contain multiple storylines that originally appear to be completely unrelated, but merge later in the story.
Five of his novels and several of his short stories take place within one consistent future universe, usually now called the Revelation Space universe after the first novel published in it, although it was originally developed in short stories for several years before the first novel. In this universe, extraterrestrial sentience exists but is elusive, and interstellar travel is primarily undertaken by a class of vessel called a lighthugger which only approaches the speed of light.
Reynolds's future worlds are notable in that human societies have not departed to either positive or negative extremes, but instead are similar to those of today in terms of moral ambiguity and a mixture of cruelty and decency, corruption and opportunity, despite their technology being dramatically advanced. The Revelation Space universe contains elements of Lovecraftian horror, but, the main storyline is essentially optimistic, with humans continuing to survive even in a universe which seems fundamentally hostile to intelligent life.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons.
Alastair Reynolds >
Poseidon's Children
Online 2 members and 37 visitors
Michael Bush, FreakyMike


It's not really an appropriate backdrop for a swimsuit shoot, but I wanted to show off how good Smart Doll body looks with a bikini :D Mirai's modeling the M bust for these pics.
Extra articulation in the upper body and neck allows for some really natural and elegant posing. She's a lot of fun and great quality, I'm really pleased so far with Smart Doll.


A divorce is a legal judgment which dissolves a marriage between two parties.
Does New York State permit a divorce on the grounds of "irreconcilable differences"?
On October 12, 2010, New York State established "irretrievable breakdown of the marriage" as a ground for divorce. This is similar to what most people commonly think of as "irreconcilable differences." "Grounds" for divorce (cruel and inhuman treatment, abandonment, adultery, etc.) no longer have to be established. If the marriage has broken down irretrievably for a period of at least six (6) months, you can sue for divorce.
A divorce action is commenced by the filing of a Summons and Complaint in the Office of a proper County Clerk. The Complaint must allege "grounds" for divorce, which may now be Irreitrievable Breakdown of the Marriage (see above). For more information on divorce complaints, "uncontested" divorces, and the filing fees, you may visit New York State's website, at www.courts.state.ny.us. For more specific information about your own circumstances, call this office for a free consultation.
I believe I have an uncontested divorce, will this cost me less money?
What assets am I entitled to after divorce?
The basic provisions of divorce in New York State are governed by a statute known as the "Domestic Relations Law." New York Domestic Relations Law Section 236B(1)(c) can be summarized to provide that "marital property" consists of property acquired by either or both spouses during the marriage and prior to the parties executing a valid "separation agreement" or commencing a valid divorce action.
"Marital property" does not include "separate property." New York Domestic Relations Law Section 236B(1)(d) can be summarized to provide that "separate property" consists of property acquired by one spouse prior to the marriage; or by gift from someone other than the other spouse; or as compensation for personal injuries; or property acquired in exchange for or the increase in the value of separate property (with certain exceptions) or property described as "separate property" by valid written agreement.
The Domestic Relations Law provides that both marital assets and marital liabilities (mortgages, consumer debt, etc.) will be equitably distributed.
For questions about the meaning of marital property, separate property and/or equitable distribution, you should contact an attorney licensed to practice in New York State.
Can a professional license or Degree be equitably distributed?
Yes. In New York State, a professional license, such as a medical license or law license, which was acquired during the marriage may be equitably distributed. Similarly, an "attainment," such as a law degree, medical degree or certain other degrees, which was acquired during the marriage, may be equitably distributed. This is a complex issue. Not all attorneys have experience in this arena and it is important to contact an attorney knowledgeable on these issues.
This is a very important journey for both the parents and the children. In the best case scenario, the parents are able to discuss how custody and visitation will be arranged by themselves, or with the assistance of a mediator, or their attorneys. Any final determination should be committed to writing with the assistance of an attorney. For more information on the use of mediation to settle custody matters you may go to New York State's website at www.nysdra.org.
However, this is not always possible or realistic. If not, custody and visitation may be determined in the Family Court or the Supreme Court. If the parties are not married, they must proceed through the Family Court. If the parties are married, custody and visitation may be determined through a divorce proceeding in the Supreme Court. For more information on the Family Court system and to view the official New York State custody summons and petition, you may go to www.courts.state.ny.us.
For more information on custody and visitation in your circumstances, you should contact an attorney licensed to practice law in the State of New York for a consultation. If you cannot afford a consultation, you should contact your local branch of Legal Services, or your local Family Court to explore the different ways you may qualify for counsel at a reduced fee or no fee. A directory for all Family Court addresses and phone numbers throughout New York State can be found at www.courts.state.ny.us.
Maintenance is not the same as child support. Maintenance is a complex issue. Where higher incomes are involved, there are many important financial considerations. To protect your rights, it is important to contact an attorney knowledgeable on this issue.
What's this I hear about "temporary maintenance" being automatic?
In October of 2010, the New York State Legislature implemented a change to the law which gave the courts a formula for calculation of temporary maintenance. "Temporary" refers to the period of time from the filing of a Summons and Complaint for Divorce until the entry of the Judgment of Divorce. It was a major change in the law and has an impact on those entitled to receive temporary maintenance and those who will be paying it. However, it is not "automatic" in the sense that upon filing for divorce one automatically receives it or pays it. One spouse must make application for it. For more information on whether this statute would apply to you, contact the office for a free consultation.
In New York State, a custodial parent is entitled to "child support" from the non-custodial parent, pursuant to the Child Support Standards Act. To view a Family Court official summons and petition for child support and receive more information on child support, you may visit New York State's official website at www.courts.state.ny.us. More information can also be found at the website for the New York State Bar Association at www.nysba.org. A copy of the Child Support Standards Act Chart, can accessed at New York State's Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance website, found at www.newyorkchildsupport.com.
In sum, child support consists of "basic child support," as well as "add-ons", which include a share of the children's unreimbursed medical expenses, certain child care expenses and, in some but not all instances, educational expenses. Health insurance is also part of a child support order. Child support is tied to the parties' incomes and based upon a formula, which can be found at www.newyorkchildsupport.com.
This issue can be straightforward or complex. It is particularly complex where one party's "income" is not clear, either because they own their own business or derive income from non-traditional sources. The issues become particularly complex for high net worth individuals where there are many issues that are not addressed by the Child Support Standards Act. For instance, tax issues and non-traditional income sources such as "stock options" are not addressed. By way of example, although the exercise of "stock options" will appear on a party's W-2, it is not clear whether that is, in all instances, "income" for the purposes of calculating child support. If the issue of "child support" in your matter is complex, it is important to contact an attorney knowledgeable on these issues.