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Leopoldia Parl. – rodzaj roślin z rodziny szparagowatych. Obejmuje 16 gatunków występujących w południowej, środkowej i wschodniej Europie, północnej Afryce, Makaronezji, na Kaukazie, w Azji Zachodniej i na Półwyspie Arabskim. Introdukowany do Danii, Belgii, Holandii i Wielkiej Brytanii, południowej Australii oraz Stanów Zjednoczonych.

W Polsce północną granicę swojego zasięgu osiąga szafirek miękkolistny L. comosa, spotykany na Dolnym Śląsku, na Wyżynie Małopolskiej, Lubelskiej i Roztoczu. Gatunek objęty jest ochroną i umieszczony w Polskiej Czerwonej Księdze Roślin jako gatunek zagrożony (EN).

Morfologia

 Pokrój Wieloletnie rośliny zielne.

 Pęd Podziemna cebula.

 Liście Równowąskie, zgięte łękowato w dół, wydłużone, gładkie.

 Kwiaty Dymorficzne, zebrane w wydłużone, luźne grono, wyrastające na głąbiku. Niekiedy z jednej cebuli wyrastają dwa kwiatostany. Kwiaty bezpłodne liczne, często w żywych barwach (niebieskie, fioletowe lub różowe), długoszypułkowe, tworzące kępkę na szczycie kwiatostanu. Kwiaty płodne rurkowate lub podługowato-urnowate, nieco grzbieciste, kanciaste i zwężone u gardzieli, zakończone sześcioma bardzo krótkimi płatkami z wierzchołków listków okwiatu, często w bladych kolorach (brązowe, fioletowe, czerwone, zielonkawe lub żółtawe). Listki okwiatu ząbkowane wierzchołkowo, ząbki skierowane do środka, zamykające okwiat, kremowe, żółtawe lub czarniawe. Sześć pręcików położonych w dwóch okółkach. Zalążnia jajowato-trójgraniasta. Szyjka słupka wzniesiona, zakończona trójklapowanym znamieniem.

 Owoce Trójgraniaste, błoniaste torebki, zawierające kulistawe, siatkowato pomarszczone nasiona.

Systematyka

 Pozycja systematyczna Rodzaj z podplemienia Hyacinthinae, plemienia Hyacintheae, podrodziny Scilloideae z rodziny szparagowatych Asparagaceae. W niektórych ujęciach uznawany jest za podrodzaj lub grupę w ramach rodzaju szafirek (Muscari sensu lato subgen. Leopoldia).

 Wykaz gatunków
 Leopoldia bicolor (Boiss.) Eig & Feinbrun
 Leopoldia caucasica (Griseb.) Losinsk.
 Leopoldia comosa (L.) Parl. – szafirek miękkolistny
 Leopoldia cycladica (P.H.Davis & D.C.Stuart) Garbari
 Leopoldia eburnea Eig & Feinbrun
 Leopoldia ghouschtchiensis Jafari & Maassoumi
 Leopoldia gussonei Parl.
 Leopoldia longipes (Boiss.) Losinsk.
 Leopoldia maritima (Desf.) Parl.
 Leopoldia matritensis (Ruíz Rejón, Pascual, C.Ruíz Rejón, Valdés & J.L.Oliv.) Aymerich & L.Sáez
 Leopoldia neumannii Böhnert & Lobin
 Leopoldia spreitzenhoferi Heldr.
 Leopoldia tabriziana Jafari
 Leopoldia tenuiflora (Tausch) Heldr.
 Leopoldia tijtijensis Jafari
 Leopoldia weissii Freyn

Nazewnictwo
Nazwa Leopoldia została nadana w 1819 r. przez Williama Herberta (jako nomen provisorium) rodzajowi roślin, który wyodrębnił on z rodzaju Coburgia, dla gatunku Leopoldia reticulata, pierwotnie opisanego w 1789 r. przez Charlesa L'Héritier de Brutelle'a pod nazwą Amaryllis reticulata. Nazwę ten Herbert nadał na cześć księcia Leopolda z Saksonii-Coburga-Saalfeld, późniejszego króla Belgii. Jednak w 1821 r. Herbert porzucił tę wstępnie zaproponowaną nazwę i opublikował nową: Hippeastrum, która weszła do powszechnego użytku. W 1845 r. Filippo Parlatore świadom porzucenia przez Herberta nazwy Leopoldia na rzecz Hippeastrum, zaproponował jej użycie jako nazwy rodzaju obejmującego trzy występujące we Włoszech gatunki zaliczane wówczas do rodzajów Hyacinthus, Muscari i Bellevalia. Nazwę tę Parlatore wybrał jednak dla upamiętnienia Leopolda II, wielkiego księcia Toskanii. Próby uporządkowania nazewnictwa obu rodzajów roślin zostały podjęte dopiero w 1939 r. i zakończyły się w latach 1959–1970 podjęciem przez Międzynarodowy Kongres Botaniczny decyzji o ochronie (uznaniu za nomen conservandum) nazwy Hippeastrum dla roślin spokrewnionych z amarylisem oraz Leopoldia dla roślin spokrewnionych z szafirkiem, co nastąpiło ze względów pragmatycznych, wbrew postanowieniom Międzynarodowego kodeksu nomenklatury botanicznej, przewidującym pierwszeństwo nazw wcześniej opublikowanych.

Zastosowanie

 Rośliny spożywcze Gotowane cebule Leopoldia comosa są spożywane w południowych Włoszech i na Sycylii (cebule i potrawa nazywają się lampascioni). Są również marynowane oraz dodawane do omletów. Gotowane cebulki zalewane są oliwą i używane jako przystawka (antipasto).

 Rośliny lecznicze W cebulkach Leopoldia comosa obecne są substancje o właściwościach fitochemicznych, wykazujące działanie przeciwutleniające oraz hamujące aktywność lipazy i amylazy. W badaniach na szczurach wykazano, że dieta oparta na L. comosa doprowadziła do redukcji masy ciała, zmniejszenia otyłości brzusznej i dyslipidemii oraz poprawiła tolerancję glukozy ze zmniejszeniem przerostu tkanki tłuszczowej i stłuszczenia wątroby.

Przypisy

Szparagowate

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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by Merinaz Nadri
2013 | Drama
Depressed single mom Adele and her son Henry offer a wounded, fearsome man a ride. As police search town for the escaped convict, the mother and son gradually learn his true story as their options become increasingly limited.
2019 | Mystery, Comedy, Drama, Crime
When renowned crime novelist Harlan Thrombey is found dead at his estate just after his 85th birthday, the inquisitive and debonair Detective Benoit Blanc is mysteriously enlisted to investigate. From Harlan's dysfunctional family to his devoted staff, Blanc sifts through a web of red herrings and self-serving lies to uncover the truth behind Harlan's untimely death.
2014 | History, Drama, Thriller, War
Based on the real life story of legendary cryptanalyst Alan Turing, the film portrays the nail-biting race against time by Turing and his brilliant team of code-breakers at Britain's top-secret Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, during the darkest days of World War II.
2014 | Action, Comedy
Dave Skylark and his producer Aaron Rapaport run the celebrity tabloid show "Skylark Tonight". When they land an interview with a surprise fan, North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un, they are recruited by the CIA to turn their trip to Pyongyang into an assassination mission.
2013 | Drama, Romance
An adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald's Long Island-set novel, where Midwesterner Nick Carraway is lured into the lavish world of his neighbor, Jay Gatsby. Soon enough, however, Carraway will see through the cracks of Gatsby's nouveau riche existence, where obsession, madness, and tragedy await.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Dylan Marron talks creativity and cultural divide
Posted by Valeriia Kholmanskikh | Oct 11, 2018 | Arts | 0 |
On Wednesday in the Strafford Room at the Memorial Union Building, digital content creator Dylan Marron delivered an inspiring discourse on social issues, creative process and handling disagreements.
Marron has become well-known for numerous projects in recent years, most notably his YouTube series "Unboxing," which takes intangible concepts like transphobia or privilege and explains them through the process of "unboxing." His podcast "Conversations with People Who Hate Me," which served as a base for Wednesday's talk, features Marron reaching out to the people behind hateful messages for meaningful conversations. Many audience members expressed familiarity with his work through his role of Carlos in a fictional podcast "Welcome to Night Vale."
Students Jordan Shefferman and Ian Stromski were familiar with Marron's work prior to attending the event.
"We are both interested in social issues," Stromski, a first-year business major, said. "We watch [Marron] on YouTube and we're excited to see him here."
"I'm excited to hear him talk about the current events and social issues that I care about," Shefferman, a first-year sociology major, said.
During his talk, Marron gave an overview of his work and introduced the audience to a variety of social issues of diversity. He started by sharing a heartfelt childhood story of how he was denied a role in a film due to racial bias, then moved on to showing several videos from his "Every Single Word" YouTube series in which he edits upsettingly short videos from big screen films, only leaving in the lines spoken by people of color.
Marron proceeded to discuss "Unboxing," and focused the rest of the talk on "Conversations with People Who Hate Me," presenting outtakes from the podcast to demonstrate the ways to handle a conversation with someone holding an opposite point of view.
"I've made many things on the Internet, and I like working on the Internet, and I value it as a form of communication," Marron said. "I don't believe that the Internet is this inherently awful place, but I hope we can find ways to use it as a tool to connect with each other."
Marron was brought in by Alliance, an LGBTQIAP+ organization on campus, as part of UNH LGBTQA Coming Out Week. The event was cosponsored by the Memorial Union & Student Activities, the Bill Kidder Fund and Residential Life. As an openly gay man with experience in social issues, Marron shared many important points relevant to the community. He also dedicated a significant amount of time to answering both personal and broader questions at the end of his talk, giving valuable pieces of advice to the audience members.
"Dylan Marron is a perfect example of a social activist who is doing good work, also focusing on our community, since he holds an identity in our community," Tova Langels, a co-chair of the Alliance, said. "He is also very good about talking about identities that don't specifically apply to him."
"He is a very real person in all of the content that he makes," Alliance program coordinator Lillian Gilbert added. "He seems like someone you can have a real conversation with, and for an actual lecture like this that's a really appealing quality."
Valeriia Kholmanskikh
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irideat
Why I'm Convinced There's Literally No Cannibalism in 'Yellowjackets'
Let's set the scene: In the first shot of Yellowjackets, we see a girl getting chased by through the woods by an unseen pursuer. She falls into a hidden pit trap and is immediately impaled on spikes. Her body is then picked up off the ground, strung up in a tree, and drained of blood. We then see a group of girls (aka the Yellowjackets) dressed in pelts and eating meat—the strong implication/assumption being ritualistic cannibalism, a secret that seemingly haunts the surviving team members, and one they vow to keep from the public.
Here's why I think the show might be fucking with us, and why the Yellowjackets did something way "worse" than cannibalism:
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Everyone in the town already thinks the Yellowjackets are cannibals, so if it's a secret, it's an open one. And if they did resort to cannibalism, why hide it? Cannibalism as survival has historically been socially "understood"—most recently after the Andes flight disaster, which co-creator Ashley Lyle confirmed influenced Yellowjackets (Jessica even brings it up while talking to Misty). In case you haven't already done a Wikipedia deep dive on this crash, survivors made a pact that they could eat one another should they die and were publicly forgiven. Book deals followed, and nowadays the ordeal is generally seen as one of survivalism and human endurance.
The establishing shot of Yellowjackets could have been a fake out. We don't actually see the girl who dies being chased by a person, and the show has already made it clear that there's a fleet of super pissed-off wolves in the woods. What if that trap had been made for an animal, and the girl who died was being chased by said animal? No, this doesn't explain why her body was strung up and drained, but at this point we have no concrete proof that she was eaten.
^Side note: the sheer number of animal pelts in this scene implies that the Yellowjackets have a lot more hunting ahead of them until they run out of food and need to resort to eating each other.
Yellowjackets has already proven that it's willing to lean allll the way into red herrings. Case in point: the penultimate episode, where we find out that Adam is just…Adam. He's not Javi, he's not someone's secret kid, he's not anyone. IMO, the creators of the show are showing us that sometimes the truth is as simple as the evidence in front of us. And so far, none of the evidence has proven that Yellowjackets is about cannibalism, but the show is definitely having fun making us think it is.
So, what's a secret "worse" than cannibalism that the Yellowjackets could be hiding? No clue, but considering there is also a current-day mystery unfolding on the show, my own personal theory is that whatever they're hiding happened right after they were rescued—not in the woods. Then again, this is just a theory! If I'm wrong about literally everything I just wrote, then so be it 🥴. Bye!
Tags: convinced, I'm, there, Why
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Data modeling is the process of documenting a complex software system design as an easily understood diagram, using text and symbols to represent the way data needs to flow. The diagram can be used to ensure efficient use of data, as a blueprint for the construction of new software or for re-engineering a legacy application.
Data modeling is an important skill for data scientists or others involved with data analysis. Traditionally, data models have been built during the analysis and design phases of a project to ensure that the requirements for a new application are fully understood. Data models can also be invoked later in the data lifecycle to rationalize data designs that were originally created by programmers on an ad hoc basis.
Data modeling can be a painstaking upfront process and, as such, is sometimes seen as being at odds with rapid development methodologies. As Agile programming has come into wider use to speed development projects, after-the-fact methods of data modeling are being adapted in some instances. Typically, a data model can be thought of as a flowchart that illustrates the relationships among data. It enables stakeholders to identify errors and make changes before any programming code has been written. Alternatively, models can be introduced as part of reverse engineering efforts that extract models from existing systems, as seen with NoSQL data.
Data modelers often use multiple models to view the same data and ensure that all processes, entities, relationships and data flows have been identified. They initiate new projects by gathering requirements from business stakeholders. Data modeling stages roughly break down into creation of logical data models that show specific attributes, entities and relationships among entities and the physical data model.
The logical data model serves as the basis for creation of a physical data model, which is specific to the application and database to be implemented. A data model can become the basis for building a more detailed data schema.
Data modeling as a discipline began to arise in the 1960s, accompanying the upswing in use of database management systems (DBMSes). Data modeling enabled organizations to bring consistency, repeatability and well-ordered development to data processing. Application end users and programmers were able to use the data model as a reference in communications with data designers.
Hierarchical data models that array data in treelike, one-to-many arrangements marked these early efforts and replaced file-based systems in many popular use cases. IBM's Information Management System (IMS) is a primary example of the hierarchical approach, which found wide use in businesses, especially in banking. Although hierarchical data models were largely superseded -- beginning in the 1980s -- by relational data models, the hierarchical method is common still in XML (Extensible Markup Language) and geographic information systems (GISes) today. Network data models also arose in the early days of DBMSes as a means to provide data designers with a broad conceptual view of their systems. One such example is the Conference on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL), which formed in the late 1950s to guide the development of a standard programming language that could be used across various types of computers.
While it reduced program complexity versus file-based systems, the hierarchical model still required detailed understanding of the specific physical data storage employed. Proposed as an alternative to the hierarchical data model, the relational data model does not require developers to define data paths. Relational data modeling was first described in a 1970 technical paper by IBM researcher E.F. Codd. Codd's relational model set the stage for industry use of relational databases in which data segments are explicitly joined by use of tables, as compared to the hierarchical model where data is implicitly joined together. Soon after its inception, the relational data model was coupled with the Structured Query Language (SQL) and began to gain an ever larger foothold in enterprise computing as an efficient means to process data.
Relational data modeling took another step forward beginning in the mid-1970s as use of entity relationship (ER) models became more prevalent. Closely integrated with relational data models, ER models use diagrams to graphically depict the elements in a database and to ease understanding of underlying models.
With relational modeling, data types are determined and rarely changed over time. Entities comprise attributes; for example, an employee entity's attributes could include last name, first name, years employed and so on. Relationships are visually mapped, providing a ready means to communicate data design objectives to various participants in data development and maintenance. Over time, modeling tools, including Idera's ER/Studio, Erwin Data Modeler and SAP PowerDesigner, gained wide use among data architects for designing systems.
Graph data models will be familiar to programmers who have worked with ER diagrams and object models, as well as to grade school students who have parsed sentences.
As object-oriented programming gained ground in the 1990s, object-oriented modeling gained traction as yet another way to design systems. While bearing some resemblance to ER methods, object-oriented approaches differ in that they focus on object abstractions of real-world entities. Objects are grouped in class hierarchies, and the objects within such class hierarchies can inherit attributes and methods from parent classes. Because of this inheritance trait, object-oriented data models have some advantages versus ER modeling, in terms of ensuring data integrity and supporting more complex data relationships. Also arising in the 1990s were data models specifically oriented toward data warehousing needs. Notable examples are snowflake schema and star schema dimensional models.
An offshoot of hierarchical and network data modeling is the property graph model, which, together with graph databases, has found increased use for describing complex relationships within data sets, particularly in social media, recommender and fraud detection applications.
Using the graph data model, designers describe their system as a connected graph of nodes and relationships, much as they might do with ER or object data modeling. Graph data models can be used for text analysis, creating models that uncover relationships among data points within documents.
As data methods evolve, how is data modeling used in your organization?


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Ennis signed on Friday and returns to the Atlantic Division, where he spent his first eight seasons playing for Buffalo.
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A series of injuries led to Ennis scoring just eight goals and 24 points in 84 games over his final two years in Buffalo.
He had eight goals and 22 points in 73 games last season, and was due to make a $3.65 million salary next year before the Wild bought out the contract.
The Maple Leafs are in need of low-priced, experienced forwards after signing former New York Islanders captain John Tavares to a seven-year, $77 million contract on Sunday. They also lost forwards James van Riemsdyk and Tyler Bozak in free agency.


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Sagan refuses to be ruffled after another defeat at Tirreno-Adriatico
By Stephen Farrand 13 March 2015
"I don't know what has happened. I'm trying to win…"
Peter Sagan (Tinkoff Saxo) (Image credit: Bettini Photo)
Peter Sagan (Tinkoff-Saxo) (Image credit: Bettini Photo)
Peter Sagan (Tinkoff-Saxo) at the start of stage 2 (Image credit: Courtesy of Polartec-Kometa)
Peter Sagan wears the Tinkoff-Saxo training kit (Image credit: Tinkoff-Saxo)
Peter Sagan (Tinkoff-Saxo) was clearly disappointed to be beaten and forced to accept yet another second place on the uphill finish in Arezzo on stage 3 of Tirreno-Adriatico, but he refused to be ruffled by a series of questions about his form and long run of placings.
Sagan leads Tinkoff-Saxo at Strade Bianche
Sagan hopes to bring Tinkoff-Saxo success in Arezzo
Sagan's last victory was on June 29 last year, when he won the Slovakian national road race title. He won the green points jersey at the Tour de France but without winning a stage. He has now racked up 15 second places since the start of 2014, including four this season. He has won seven races in the same period.
"I got another second place. I'm happy about that…" Sagan said with a strong dose of irony after a journalist from Gazzetta dello Sport went on the attack and pointed out that he failed to win yet again.
"No seriously, if I'd won today it would have been better. I've got to thank the team because they did a great job by working all day. I didn't manage to win but it's not Sunday every day…"
In truth, Sagan has not celebrated Sunday or a victory for eight months. As the highly-paid star of Tinkoff-Saxo he is expected to deliver. He has been prolific during much of his career, winning over sixty races, making winning look it easy. Now winning seems out of his grasp.
"I don't know what has happened. I'm trying to win…" he said.
Sagan was arguably the fastest in the final 100 metres but had to come from too far back to edge past eventual winner Greg Van Avermaet (BMC). It was close at the line and Sagan beat Zdenek Stybar (Etixx-QuickStep) but ended up with another second place.
"There was a bit of confusion as we hit the ramp, everybody slowed a bit and we came back together," Sagan explained. "After the last corner I had to come from too far back. It was my fault a bit. I think I was in the right gear. I was just too far back."
Sagan can only look to the future and hope to win Saturday's fourth stage to Castelraimondo. The finale of the 226km stage features two laps of a 13km circuit that includes a steep three-kilometre climb.


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Cheap Cell Phone Plans With Unlimited Everything
Cheap Cell Phone Plans With Unlimited Everything - If you're looking for a better deal on your mobile plan, you should check out some of the growing prepaid options. Below, we take a look at the best cheap iPhone plans with valuable features like free trials, free activations, and contracts as low as $10 per month without giving up coverage. great danger.
There are certain benefits to paying premiums for top US carriers' plans, such as virtually unlimited data, priority speeds in congested areas, and extra features. as a free entertainment service.
But if you're looking for a way to lower your carrier bill while still having reliable coverage, there are more choices than ever, especially the prepaid plans that are supported by Solid networks from AT&T, T-Mobile, and Verizon.
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And one of the simpler options is T-Mobile and Verizon/visible that offer free eSIM trials for iPhones. That means you can test their network immediately before deciding to switch carriers.
Most of the carriers below either sell new devices or let you bring your own iPhone or other smartphone, but be sure to check compatibility for your particular device.
T-Mobile Connect offers some of the most affordable prepaid plans with the newest plan starting at just $10 and the top plan costing $35 per month.
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Visible is owned by Verizon and operates on a nationwide network. One useful feature here is the 15-day eSIM trial for iPhone users (e.g., set up an instant trial via the App Store).
If you have Xfinity Internet service, you are eligible for Xfinity Mobile. It runs on the Verizon network and offers both contract and unlimited purchase options starting at $15/month.
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Whether you're looking for a cheap iPhone plan with minimal data or want unlimited data without paying as much as it does now, the 8 prepaid options above should suit most people.
Along with seamless eSIM trials from T-Mobile and Verizon/carrier coverage and visibility maps, you can test the standalone Opensignal app to better compare home coverage network.
You're reading — news about Apple and the ecosystem around it, daily, experts. Be sure to check out our homepage for all the latest news and follow us on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn for updates. Do not know where to start? Subscribe to our exclusive stories, reviews, how-tos and YouTube channel
Was an editor for Michael. Since joining in 2016, he has written over 3,000 articles covering breaking news, reviews, detailed comparisons, and guides.
Red Pocket Mobile Ebay Plans On Sale, Get 8gb For $18/month
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OVERLAND PARK, Kan.--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Sprint (NYSE: S) is offering customers unmatched value and simplicity with the launch of Unlimited Freedom: two lines of conversation , unlimited texting and data for an amazing $100 per month . Simple and easy with no access fees or hidden fees. Combined with Sprint's reliable network, customers get the best value on all carriers and can enjoy as much data as they want – no worries.
Sprint's great new Unlimited Freedom beats T-Mobile and AT&T's unlimited services—only for their DirecTV subscribers—while Verizon doesn't even offer its customers a plan. unlimited.
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Sprint costs $100 for two lines while T-Mobile costs $120 for two lines. And a family can get four lines from Sprint for $160.
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Plus, starting Friday, August 19th, Sprint's flagship prepaid brand Boost Mobile has eliminated the no-contract clutter with a simple new unlimited offer, Unlimited Unhooked:
"Wireless customers want simple, worry-free, and affordable wireless plans on reliable networks," said Marcelo Claure, Sprint president and CEO. "With so much focus on gigabytes and additional charges, there can be a lot of frustration and confusion around wireless deals. Our answer is simplicity of freedom not to be. limited. Customers can now watch their favorite movies and videos and stream great playlists. Price."
Wireless data usage continued to increase from 2015 to 2016 as consumers shifted data-intensive activities from desktop computers to mobile devices. According to the latest survey data from Parks Associates, average monthly wireless data usage increased 28% from Q3 of 15 to Q2 of 16. Among mobile users under the age of 25, Data usage has increased by 38% per month since 2015. With unlimited plans at affordable prices and on the best network, customers can use as much data as they want without worrying. .
All video streams are the same with Unlimited Freedom. Sprint doesn't limit customers to "free" streaming to select content providers only. With Freedom Unlimited, customers can stream all of their favorite TV shows and movies, and all of them are included without any redundancy.
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Unlimited Freedom uses optimizations for video, games, and music to deliver a high-quality viewing experience for mobile devices with video streams up to 480p, gameplay at up to 2mbps and stream music in extremely high quality up to 500kbps.
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Home > Celebrity > Fans Demand Marcus Rashford Knighthood after Inspiring Child Poverty Campaign
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Fans Demand Marcus Rashford Knighthood after Inspiring Child Poverty Campaign
Fans have demanded a knighthood for Marcus Rashford following his documentary, Feeding Britain's Children. The Manchester United footballer has publicly battled against child food poverty this year, and campaigned for the government to extend free school meals during the pandemic, a move which was applauded by many.
His efforts were further explored in a new BBC special, which explored the 23-year-old's return to his roots moments from his past, with his iconic mum, Melanie, as well his efforts to get children fed during lockdown. 'There was times when there wasn't any food there,' he told the camera. You'd just go to sleep.
'It should never be normal for somebody to feel how I felt. 'When you get to the position that I'm in now, I feel like if they're in need and they don't have anyone really fighting for them, they I should be the one that does it.'
Mum Melanie said: 'Marcus has provided a home for me and I sit in my room sometimes and I just cry. 'You just sit there, crying on your own, because you're thinking about where you've come from to where you're at now. 'Sometimes we didn't even have a loaf of bread in the house. It's embarrassing to say, but we didn't. 'But I wouldn't tell somebody I was struggling either. It was embarrassing. That's why I had three jobs. I just had to try and work and get money from working.'
The England ace's work ensured around 1.3 million children were able to claim free school meal vouchers over the summer holidays, with another £400m package later announced.


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WATANABE Yoshimi, the president of Your Party, the first of the Third Force reform parties, gave an interview published in the press last week. Here it is in English.
What is your strategy for victory in the lower house election?
WY: The key to victory is whether we can segregate the candidates of the so-called Third Forces and avoid going head-to-head against each other in election districts. An inability to do that will create the worst result, which would be crushing each other.
You're competing with the Japan Restoration Party in some districts.
WY: We took our time to select good people and meet our target of 70 candidates. In those places where we couldn't reach a compromise, we have no choice but to go head to head.
You weren't able to merge with the Japan Restoration Party.
WY: We reached a broad agreement with the party in policy discussions, but the gulf between us is too wide to allow a merger. As soon as they merged with (Ishihara Shintaro's) Sun Party, the opposition to nuclear power disappeared. Civil service reform is the A of the ABCs for both Your Party and the Japan Restoration Party, but this has also disappeared. Won't the people wonder what happened and view this suspiciously?
What are the points at issue in the lower house election?
WY: We intend to fight on the policies of growth without a consumption tax increase, small government, and regional devolution as opposed to centralization. Governance by the bureaucracy in Japan has resulted in a deflationary economy. The political class is no longer the control tower of governance. National strategy has been left entirely to the vertically divided central government bureaucracies. We will restore the Japanese economy by creating a real control tower and implementing a competitive growth strategy.
You're calling for a suspension of the consumption tax increase and converting the tax to a revenue source for local government.
WY: Allowing an increase in the national government tax will facilitate bureaucratic governance. The dependency on central government will become chronic. That's why we want to make that tax a local government revenue source. The starting point for this debate is a new state/province system with regional autonomy.
How will you achieve "zero nuclear energy"?
WY: Nuclear energy is the extension of the electric power supply system based on regional monopolies. If each of the utilities can achieve mutual adaptability, we can secure enough energy at peak periods without nuclear energy. We will promote the deregulation of power generation and the separation of the generation and supply systems through the entry of new companies into the industry. More consumers will choose their power sources. That way, nuclear power will gradually fall away.
What will the framework of government be after the election?
WY: That all depends on the outcome. If the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito become the largest bloc, they will probably have to create a coalition with the Democratic Party to supplement their own forces and create a stable government. That's because gridlock would still exist in the upper house. It is very likely that the system of three-party collusion will be maintained.
The Makurazaki Station, the terminal station on the Ibusuki-Makurazaki Line of JR Kyushu, the southernmost railroad line operated by the JR Group in Japan (Photo by Muyo). Six trains arrive and depart every day.
The woman in the video is a volunteer who greets tourists on weekends.
A performance of the arasetsu tradtional dance on the island of Amami, originally for the rice "spirit". The island of Amami is part of Kagoshima, but that whistling is Okinawan.
The Kawachi tug-of-war at Satsumasendai, Kagoshima, earlier this fall. It is almost as if tug-of-war were elevated to an extreme sport, and they've been doing it for 400 years. Try this previous report to find out how and why.
The Shochogama ritual conducted on Amami Island in Kagoshima every September in supplication for a good harvest the following year. Designated as an intangible national cultural treasure, the event dates from the 16th century, when Amami was part of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
The morning hula dances held on the second and fourth Sundays of the month on the beach at Ibusuki, Kagoshima, since April. Anyone can join.
THE first major election has been held in Japan since the resumption of operations at the Oi nuclear power plant in Fukui and the fallout in the form of anti-nuclear power demonstrations.
The news media just loves demonstrations (unless they're run by the Tea Party), but they won't like the results of this election.
Mukohara, who serves as director-general of a local antinuclear body, opposed the restart of the Sendai plant and portrayed the election as a prefectural referendum on nuclear power.
The incumbent Mr. Ito tried to downplay the issue, but said he favored restarting the Sendai plant. He added, in a classic kick of the can down the road, that nuclear power should be abandoned at some time in the future.
Voter turnout was 43.85 percent, compared with 38.99 percent in the previous election.
So, with voter interest higher than usual in an election the challenger wanted to make a referendum on an emotional issue, what was the margin of victory?
That's more slightly more than 66% for the man who favored restarting the nuclear power plant.
But as Mukohara announced his candidacy just one month before the official start of campaigning, he struggled to gain voter recognition in many areas other than the prefectural capital of Kagoshima.
Guess they don't have newspapers, TV, or the wireless out in the Kagoshima sticks yet, huh?
While looking for an English-language article to cite, I ran across someone else who explained it away by writing that the less-populated areas of the prefecture were "majorly dependent" (sic) on the employment provided by the nuclear power plant.
So, one source has the people outside the big city unfamiliar with the candidate, and another has the people outside the big city very familiar with the issue as something that affects their livelihood.
Putting aside the excuses and the flood of pixels sure to come in subsequent elections and demonstrations, what happened with the issue of nuclear power in Fukui and now Kagoshima provides an indication of what will likely continue to happen in the rest of the country.
The expression kareki ni hana (枯れ木に花) literally means a flower on a dead tree, but the Japanese use it to refer to something that had waned but is now flourishing again. Whenever they want to come up with something fresh for the traditional Shinto festivals — the best free entertainment in the world — all they have to do is look into their past to see what they've already done. Here are three recent examples.
For years, the Kagoshimanians in Kimotsuki-cho performed the kagibiki as part of the Ohaku Shinto shrine spring festival in supplication for a good harvest, good health, and safety. There are two parts to the event — the first is a stick dance, which is shown here. That's followed by the kagibiki itself, which is a tug-of-war with a 1.4-meter-long pole instead of a rope. In events of this sort, the teams are usually separated by geographical region, and one team's victory is an indication that the divinities will bless them with a good crop. In this town, the east and west face off against each other.
Performances of the event stopped five years ago because there were too few children in the small agricultural community to conduct the dance properly. This year, however, some nearby small towns sent over some kids to help out, and 18 people in the local preservation society cut out sticks from the trees behind the shrine to provide all the equipment they needed.
Here's what the big fun looked like in another town where they used what looks like a real tree.
It's been a lot longer since the Takayamanians in Gifu have performed the children's kagura (i.e. Shinto dance) during the Hie Shinto shrine spring festival. In fact, it's been 60 years. In its infinite wisdom, the GHQ during the postwar occupation forbid the performance of the sword dance, one part of the kagura, because swords are not healthy for children or other living things. The other part of this kagura is the halberd dance, and that ended when the guy who taught it died in 1955.
The preservation committee dug into the records, interviewed the people who saw the last performances, and took notes at four other similar shrine dances in the city. The dance involves walking around an octagonal shape created by tatami, and the object is to purify the area in every direction. They made the costumes, the swords, and the halberds, and trained four fifth-grade boys to perform the dance (two for each one).
Finally, they'll be bringing back the mawari odori, or the turning dance, in Yoshinogawa, Tokushima, in August. You'd think they wouldn't have willingly let the city's intangible cultural treasure die out, especially because it's at least 500 years old, but depopulation was the problem. This is the second comeback for the dance, different forms of which are considered one of the three major types of popular festival dances in Japan. It ended the first time in 2003, was restored in 2007 and 2008, and then ended again after a municipal merger and the organizations for maintaining it had not been created.
A city NPO formed an executive committee to keep it going this time, and the committee will transform itself into a preservation committee after August. Their intention is to promote its spread to other small settlements in the area. The mawari odori is actually a combination of song and dance that is an offering to ancestors, but it's also a form of summer entertainment. The song is in the form of a male-female dialogue during the mid-August bon festival, and believe it or not, the now-sedate bon odori was once an excuse for the young men and women of isolated farming communities to have a little adult fun. An invitation to dance was a de facto invitation to head to the nearest clump of dark bushes as soon as possible to continue with the eternal dance. Bon odori was so bawdy it was actually banned on a couple of occasions during the Edo period.
Here's a different version of the dance in Kuroishi, Aomori.
JUST because the warts of the overseas media and the commentator-bloggers who rely on them think their folderol is insight doesn't mean you have to fall for it. The national decline of Japan, if it exists at all, is greatly exaggerated. Here are a few short snorts testifying to the national vitality. The first is a translation of a brief article, while the rest are summaries.
Her ambition to become an aviatrix originated when she was a student at Ryukyu University (Okinawa). While flying on commercial airlines to her home in Sendai (the northeast part of the country), "I discovered I liked the scenery from the cabin window and wanted to see the view from the front." She enrolled at a flight school in Miyazaki City after graduation. She chose to work at JAC because she enjoyed her many flights over Kyushu during training, and because she wanted to repay the many people in the industry in Kyushu for their help.
A Japanese sentiment permeates every sentence of that article. For contrast, imagine how much self-importance it would have contained had the story originated in the Anglosphere instead of Kagoshima.
Last year's Tohoku disaster was also a disaster for Sanriku wakame, a noted product of Miyagi. To help rebuild the industry, a Tokushima Prefecture maritime research institute in Naruto sent local fishing co-ops some wakame spores last October that the Miyagians raised in Kessennuma Bay. The first harvest was last week.
It was a homecoming in a sense for the wakame because the folks in Miyagi shipped the Tokushima institute some of theirs in 2004 for cross breeding. The spawn from that mating is what Tokushima sent back. The spores grew to a length of two meters, though the water temperature this winter was lower than ideal. The quality, color, and thickness of the seaweed is good enough for it to appear on your dinner table soon. Local watermen harvested 400 kilograms on the first day. The harvests will continue until the beginning of April, when they expect to have hauled in a total of 3,400 tons.
The big maritime product in Niigata is salmon. The Niigatans like it so much, in fact, they established the nation's first salmon museum in Murakami called the Iyoboya Museum.
Niigata was the Murakami domain during the Edo period, and it was there that salmon were first successfully bred in Japan. Since then, salmon has been an important part of local culture. Iyoboya is the name for the fish in the local dialect.
Iyoboya fanciers say the best part of the museum is the mini-hatchery. Starting at the end of October, the museum recovers salmon eggs and fertilizes them. The eggs hatch two months later. Visitors get to see the fingerlings, and if they're lucky, the hatching itself. The museum is now raising 50,000 fish, give or take a few, which it plans to release in the Miomote River at the beginning of next month. The museum also offers views of the river through glass windows.
There's a restaurant on the museum premises. Guess what's on the menu!
The Kamakura winter festival has been underway since 21 January at the Yunishikawa Spa in Nikko, Tochigi. The event is held in small snow huts in a gorge along the banks of the Yunishi River, which sounds like just the ticket for those who get off on nose-rubbing. This is a hot spring town, so visitors can enjoy both the hot and the cold of it, dipping in the spa waters for relaxation after all the fun with snowmen, snow slides, snow hut barbecues (reservations required) and musical performances. If you're in no hurry for spring to start, the festival will last until 20 March.
There's a lot of snow in Hokkaido, too — probably more than in Nikko — but that didn't stop Sapporo kiters from holding their 35th annual kite-flying contest in the city's Fushiko Park. The winner this year was Tanaka Mitsuo, whose design featured a 100-meter-long chain of 100 linked kites.
Mao Zedong once said, "Let a hundred flowers bloom", but that's got to be easier than getting 100 kites up in the air. Each of the hundred was 60 x 42 centimeters, made of bamboo and washi (traditional Japanese paper), and designed to look like a dragon. This is Dragon Year in the Chinese zodiac.
They've been repairing the Izumo Shinto shrine in Shimane lately, the first major renovations in more than 60 years. The local carpenters know just how to go about it, too — the Izumo shrine has been rebuilt 25 times, the last in the 18th century, and also moved several times.
It's the oldest shrine in the country, but ranks only number two in order of importance. (The enshrined deity is Okuninushi no Mikoto, the nephew of the Sun Goddess.) There's still a fence around one part where mortals may not enter.
The repairs are being made in conformity with the original construction techniques. That includes softening thin sheets of Japanese cypress by soaking them in water, and then using them to thatch the 600-square-meter roof with bamboo nails. Preparations began in 2008 and the work won't be finished until next year, though the current phase ended in February. Had I finished this post when I intended, readers nearby might have been able to glimpse the main hall. Alas, I was sidetracked by other work and projects, and now the hall won't be on view for another 60 years. Attendance also required a dress code: t-shirts, sweatsuits, or sandals will not do for a visit to the abode of Okuninushi, even though the divinity was moved to a temporary site on the premises in 2008 for the duration.
Naruse Masayuki of Tamana, Kumamoto, has presented a paper on the safety of his single pedal automobile system to the Society of Automotive Engineers in the United States. Mr. Naruse operates a company that makes industrial materials, one of which is One Pedal. That's an all-in-one pedal for controlling the gas and the brake to prevent accidents caused when drivers step in it by stepping on the wrong one. There's an attachment on the right side of the floor pedal for acceleration, which drivers hit with the right side of their foot to move forward. Stepping on the floor still brakes the car.
The pedal's been around for awhile — the old Transport Ministry conducted trials that demonstrated its safety. Mr. Naruse has custom-fitted nearly 200 cars in Japan with the device, but the major automakers don't seem interested. Said Toyota, "Technicians have studied it, but we have no plans to adopt it now." One complaint is that it's more difficult to keep one's foot against the gas pedal to maintain a constant speed than it is to downpress a pedal. Nevertheless, SAE plans to hold trials in Tamana with 70 drivers of all ages and foot sizes.
Tomakomai in Hokkaido has the largest haul of the surf clam — that's the spisula solidissima for you shellfish enthusiasts — in Japan. They've got to eat them all somehow, so they've begun promoting a clam rice burger made with what's called a hokkii, which is also the city's "image character". (The name isn't derived from the hockey puck shape.) It was created by college students who liked the clam and made it for their school festival, and used rice for the bun instead of bread. City officials must have stopped by for a taste, because they adopted the idea and sold 1,600 at a three-day event last year. They then conducted trial tastings and questionnaires to get the perfect recipe, and shops around town began selling it in mid-December. There are several varieties with different condiments, but most sell for around JPY 400 yen, which is not a bad price. The idea is to get more people to come to Tomakomai.
They've got as many goya in Kagoshima's Minamiosumi-cho as they have surf clams in Tomakomai, so a local hot spring resort developed a way to incorporate them in senbei rice crackers. They slice and dice them and knead them into the batter. Reports say they give the crackers a slight bitter taste. That makes sense — the goya is also called the nigauri, which means bitter melon. Several groups in the city, including the hot spring resort and the municipal planning agency, created the snack as a way to use non-standard goya and gobo (yeah, that's a vegetable) that can't be sold on the market. They're cooked by Yamato-ya, a Kagoshima City senbei company, and 40-gram bags are sold for JPY 315 yen. That's a bit steep, but some of the proceeds go to local welfare services. Give them a call at 0994-24-5300 to see if they have any left.
Instead of clams or goya, Shimanto in Kochi has a strawberry surplus. That was the inspiration for a sake brewer in the city to combine the berries with their sake and create a liqueur with two varieties, one dry and one sweet. The employees even filled the 500-milliliter bottles by hand, and you've got to wonder if they had the temptation to sample some. There were 1,000 bottles of the sweet stuff and 2,000 of the dry type going for JPY 1,600 apiece. The idea is to sell it to "people who normally don't drink sake", which is code for young women. They're even selling it outside of the prefecture, so if the idea of strawberry sake appeals to you, input 0880-34-4131 into your hand-held terminal and ask for some.
The more serious drinkers in Aira, Kagoshima, don't fool around with fruity beverages, and demonstrated it by starting shochu study sessions last month. Some stalls specializing in that particular grog have been set up near the Kagoshima Chuo station, and the people who will operate the stalls attended three training sessions. One of them included lessons in the local dialect for dealing with customers. (Kagoshima-ben requires listeners to pay close attention, and even then you're not going to get all of it, sober or sloshed. That includes their Kyushu neighbors.) The scholars also examined the traditional process for distilling it, listened to lectures on the origins of satsumaimo (a sweet potato variety) and how it came to be used in the local shochu, and visited the Shirakane brewers. Now that's dedication for being a liquor store clerk. There'll be 50 of them working in 25 shops at the stall complex.
If the last story didn't convince you that Kagoshimanians are serious about shochu, this one will. They've just marketed a new brand called Uchudayori, or Space Bulletin, made with malted rice and yeast carried aboard the international space station Endeavor last May for 16 days. It was developed by researchers at Kagoshima University and the Kagoshima Prefecture Brewers Association. (The university has a special shochu and fermenting research institute for students, and I sniff a party school subtext.) There are 12 different varieties because 12 companies used the base materials to distill their own well-known products, including those made with satsumaimo and brown sugar. Those interested in getting spaced out can buy a set of 12 900-milliliter bottles for JPY 24,000 yen, which is reasonable considering the transportation costs for some of the ingredients. Sameshima Yoshihiro, the head of the research institute, says it has a better aroma than normal. No, he didn't say it was "out of this world".
Did that space travel bring back an alien life form? The shochu kingdom of Kagoshima is about to get its first locally brewed sake in 40 years. Hamada Shuzo of Ichikikushikino (try saying that after a couple of hits of shochu) announced they have started brewing the beverage. They're the only sake brewery in the prefecture, and the first to go into the business since the last one shut down in 1970.
That's where they make it, you know.
Hamada Shuzo remodeled their shochu plant last year by adding facilities for producing 60 kiloliters of sake annually. An affiliated company used to make sake in Aichi until 1998, so they'll blow the dust off the old notebooks and apply those accumulated techniques and expertise. A Shinto ceremony was held to receive the blessing of the divinities before they began fermentation with 20 kilograms of rice from other parts of Kyushu. (Kagoshima rice doesn't work so well.) The company hopes to cook up 800 liters by March.
The company says Kagoshima's higher temperatures — it's Down South — make sake brewing difficult, and the shochu culture took root several hundred years ago. I have first-hand experience that Kagoshimanians drink shochu in situations where other Japanese drink sake, and it took about a week to recover. Statistics from the Tax Bureau support that anecdote. They say 36,767 kiloliters of shochu were consumed in the prefecture in 2010 compared to 1,379 for sake.
The company's idea is to use sake brewing techniques for shochu product development. They might begin full scale production later, but the sake is now being brewed primarily for research. Didn't I tell you these guys were serious? They've also got a restaurant/brewpub on the premises, and they hope it attracts customers who'll also take a shine to their shochu. Sales in the restaurant begin in May, and in shops after that.
Former sumo grand champion and now slimmed down stablemaster Takanohana announced he was starting a program to build sumo rings throughout the country to promote the appeal of sumo. The first will be in Shiiba-son, Miyazaki Prefecture. (Takanohana's wife, the former newscaster Hanada Keiko, is a Miyazaki girl.) Mr. T believes that sumo helps build character, and he wants to see the rings restored at primary schools and other sites around the country. The Shiiba-son municipal government will contribute funds to the project and manage the ring once it's built. The construction will be handled by the local Itsukushima Shinto shrine under the guidance of the Japan Sumo Association.
Live as the cherry blossom, blooming vividly with full force and quickly falling from the branch.
We cannot see the color, shape, or size of the spirit, but a person's spirit manifests in his way of life, deeds, and words.
There are three important things in the way of the rikishi and the way of sumo: form, greetings, and etiquette.
That old time religion is still good enough for plenty of Japanese, and not just old guys who drink shochu and watch sumo. This month, a team from Saga Kita High School in Saga City was one of two selected for the grand prize in an annual calligraphic arts competition in Nagano conducted for high schools nationwide. It was the 17th year the sponsoring organization held the event, and the 17th straight year Kita High School won the grand prize. Kita students also won 11 of the 65 awards in the individual division. Teams from 273 schools participated and submitted 15,420 works.
THEY'RE not foolin' when they call it the Japanese archipelago — the textbook boilerplate is that the country consists of four main islands, though it's becoming more politically correct these days to include the main island of Okinawa as the fifth. But few people, even among the Japanese, are aware the other roughly 1.000 islands, both inhabited and uninhabited, give the country an Exclusive Economic Zone of about 4.46 million square kilometers. That's the sixth-largest EEZ in the world.
Of the inhabited islands, the westernmost is Yonaguni and the southernmost is Hateruma, way down south near Taiwan, both part of the Yaeyama Islands (English-language website on right sidebar). Of those on which only seagulls reside, Okinotorishima represents the extreme southern edge of Japan, and Minamitorishima the farthest point east.
Some of the better known among the rest are Tsushima in the Korean Strait, which some excitable Koreans like to pretend is theirs; Tanegashima in Kagoshima, the site of the first recorded contact between Europeans and Japanese in 1547 and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Tanegashima Space Center; and Sado in Niigata, the sixth-largest island in the country and the authorities' choice from roughly 700 to 1700 as just the place to send the dissidents and disgraced into exile. In fact, Charles Jenkins, the U.S. Army deserter and husband of North Korean abductee Soga Hitomi, could be considered a voluntary exile there now, though it is his wife's home town.
That's not to mention the Senkakus, on which the Chinese and Taiwanese have designs; Takeshima, which the South Koreans occupy; and the four islands off Hokkaido referred to as the Northern Territories, which the Soviets seized after Japan surrendered in 1945.
Japan Hands will not be surprised to learn there is a National Institute for Japanese Islands devoted to promoting interest in and the interests of the one thousand. Earlier this month, they published a map that squeezes every last one of them on one side of an 80 x 110-centimeter sheet. That required a scale of 5 million to one to accomplish. The other side features larger maps of regional island groups on a scale of 750,000 to one. The map also includes a list of their names and all the air routes to make it handy for visits. At JPY 525 plus about JPY 180 for domestic postage, that's cheap even at twice the price for a fanatic such as me.
We hope that people look at the map and get a real sense of Japan as a country made up of many islands.
If you live in Japan and are interested getting a real sense of the island nation Japan, here's the institute's Japanese-language website where you can order one for yourself. Scout around on the site and you'll also find a page that sells food and liquor from the islands, too.
And if you don't have the time or the money for a trip, here's the next best thing — a YouTube tour of Yonaguni with a local folk song as accompaniment.
A PROMINENT feature of many Japanese festivals is a procession with elaborate floats or mikoshi. They are often larger than a single-family dwelling, centuries old, and crafted with exquisite workmanship and materials. These relics are literally priceless.
But that's not true of all festivals.
One example is the Uodon Matsuri held by the Hakosaki Hachiman shrine last month in Yusui-cho, Kagoshima. The festival, which is at least 500 years old, is an annual event to purge the local district once known as Yoshimatsu-cho of sin and impurities. This is accomplished by tying carved wooden masks of a male and female divinity to the end of stakes and then parading them around the district while the shrine priest chants, "Uo, uo" to announce their presence. After the divinities have passed through every neighborhood, the masks are attached to bamboo stakes six meters high. These are placed on either side of National Highway #268 at the border with Miyazaki Prefecture and connected with a shimenawa, or sacred rope. There's no better way to ensure that all the outsiders coming into the district will be purified too.
No sticklers for needless tradition, the priests at the shrine have availed themselves of technological advances over the centuries to make their job easier. Originally, the masks of the divinities were carried on horseback. The priests later switched from horses to bicycles. But why get sweaty and out of breath with all that pedaling when you can make it even easier on yourself? Nowadays, they lash the stakes to the bed of a small pickup truck and chauffer the deities around, as you can see from the photo.
Let's not forget another advantage to the trucks: I don't think the highway patrol will pull that driver over, do you?
Incidentally "Uo" seems to be Kagoshimanian for the names of the divinities, and is written 大王. That's usually pronounced daio and means great king. I couldn't find an explanation for the name, or indeed any information beyond the content of the post. I suspect the "don" is also from the regional dialect. If I'm not mistaken, it's derived from 共 (tomo), and is used to create plurals, such as in kodomo for children. Here's an explanation in Japanese, but feel free to correct me if I've misinterpreted it.
After six days on the road, anyone would need purifying, not just the truckers.
MORE than 800 years ago, in 1196, the Buddhist priest Hozan Kengyo was sent from the Myo-on-ji Jorakuin temple in what is now Shiga to attend the opening of a new temple in today's Hioki, Kagoshima. Hozan was proficient in the biwa, and he taught 12 pieces of religious music to the local priests. It was performed with eight instruments, including the biwa, flute, taiko drum, and shell horns.
The name of the new temple was the Nakashima Jorakuin, and the music Hozan brought with him was known as Myo-on Junigaku (myo-on means exquisite music). The Japanese biwa is derived from the lute by way of the Chinese pipa, but several different types have been developed in Japan since then. This temple is said to be the origin of the Satsuma biwa, which was used not only for performing music, but also for the mental and moral training of the local samurai. In the past, only blind priests could serve at this temple, and many of the chief priests were renowned for their musical talent.
Nakashima Jorakuin is affiliated with the Tendai sect, at one time the mainstream Buddhist sect in Japan and at its zenith when the temple was founded. Tendai was once associated with the Imperial court, and the Jodo and Nichiren sects are derived from it. A class of warrior-monks emerged from the sect after the 12th century, which applied pressure to the Imperial court and took sides in military and political disputes to defend what it considered to be temple interests. That ended when the warlord Oda Nobunaga almost completely destroyed their headquarters in 1571.
The main temple of Nakashima Jorakuin was moved to a location near the Kagoshima Castle in 1619. With the early Meiji-period anti-Buddhist movement to disestablish Buddhism and replace it with Shinto, and the damage suffered during American bombing missions in World War II, the temple was again moved, this time to Miyazaki. What remains on the original site in Hioki was the subsidiary temple, which has been reduced to one building and the graves of the chief priests. Kagoshima has designated it a prefectural historical site.
Kagoshima also designated the 12 pieces of myo-on junigaku music as an intangible cultural treasure of the prefecture in 1971. The repertoire was once performed by blind priests throughout southern Kyushu, but it is now heard only once a year and only at Nakashima Jorakuin, accompanied by readings of sutras unique to the temple.
Here's a two-minute YouTube clip from last year's performance of music that has changed little, if at all, from a millennium ago.


Marketing mortgage products and services is a challenge. One way to increase business, generate leads, and develop referrals is with loan officer marketing flyers.
What is an effective loan officer marketing flyer? Simple: the one that educates without boring your audience or coming across as too hard-sell. When you educate potential customers on the relevant points associated with buying and funding a home, you create a community of clients who understand the best ways they can achieve their mortgage goals.
When you're creating a marketing flyer, keep these points in mind and your final product will be something clients find truly useful.
Don't assume people understand how mortgage lending and rates work.
Give them easy to understand examples of mortgage loan scenarios.
Explain the most common phrases and terms used in mortgage lending.
What if you made one extra payment every year?
What are PMI and MIP?
A mortgage payment breakdown of principal, interest, taxes, and insurance.
Do's and don'ts for obtaining a mortgage.
Cutting-edge loan officer marketing in the form of automated solutions simplifies the entire marketing process and is the perfect tool for lead nurture and acquisition. Automation can be used for flyers and a whole lot more: content, email, social media marketing, newsletters, you name it.
Flyers are a cost-effective way to grab attention in a competitive marketplace. A catchy headline, prominent CTA, and information clients can really use will firmly establish your reputation and expertise as the go-to loan officer in your market.


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The women's individual competition of the triathlon events at the 2015 Pan American Games was held on July 11 at the Ontario Place West Channel in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The defending Pan American Games champion is Sarah Haskins of the United States.

The Pan American Games triathlon contains three components; a  swim,  cycle, and a  run.

The winner Barbara Riveros of Chile qualified to compete in the triathlon competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Schedule
All times are Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-4).

Results

Race
35 competitors from 13 countries were scheduled to compete.

References

Triathlon at the 2015 Pan American Games


As a grad student, I tried many times to get huge amounts of writing and research done in large chunks of time during the day. The thing is, it didn't work. I'd stare and stare and the many research articles on my desk. I'd stare and stare at my dissertation with only a few pages completed, ever wondering if I'm ever going to get this thing done. I'd have thoughts saying "Maybe you are not cut out for this." I often believed that.
However, it wasn't until I moved to Seattle and got a full time job did I actually find out how to get the ball rolling with my dissertation. With this new full time job, I realized I had to start scheduling myself. I had to actually make time for dissertation writing, instead of following my grad assistant schedule of fitting my writing into chunks of time whenever they were available.
You see, the key to actually completing anything large and complex as a dissertation is scheduling time to do it and sticking to this schedule. The schedule that worked for me was writing or researching or planning 1 hour everyday (Monday through Friday) right after work in my office. So even though I was technically "done" with work, my mind was still sharp and in "work mode," allowing me to easily keep my mind and typing hands working on my dissertation. I gave myself the weekends off since my schedule was unpredictable and honestly I just felt like resting at that time. I also tried not to work at home. Home, in my opinion, is where you are suppose to rest. As you can tell, I don't have children, so this might not be case for all of you. Still, even if you are a parent, getting anything remotely done at home regarding your dissertation is next to near impossible, unless of course your spouse or partner stays at home all day and keeps the children occupied for an hour or so while you work. (My advice, SPEND TIME WITH YOUR KIDS).
By sticking to this schedule, I was able to keep the ball rolling with my dissertation. In other words, I was able to maintain a flow with the writing and research process. Even if you just write 1 word on your dissertation for the day, that's fine! You at least contributed to your dissertation and you are keeping the flow going with your writing. Some days I would just write one word. Other days I would write 1-2 pages. It really depends and some days work better than others. So, don't feel bad even you hardly write anything. The next day may be much much better.
Some may think also that giving yourself only 1 hour per day is too short. I beg to differ. Research has suggested that even when you are not working on a particular task or topic, your subconscious is actually "working" on it in the background of your mind (still need to find the reference, will insert it here when I find it). Giving yourself that time away from your dissertation is actually beneficial. It gives yourself time to think and then compose your thoughts at a later date.
I really do hope this helps you. All the other advice I plan to give falls on this very simple concept of scheduling. Some may have a different schedule in mind, and maybe that works of them. This is what works for me. Hopefully, you can find a nice slice of time in your day that you can regularly work on your dissertation too.


Last time, we looked at C string and NSString comparison and equality. Today we'll examine functions and methods for creating substrings of C strings and NSStrings.
Creating a C string requires you to explicitly manage the memory the string lives in. Depending on how long you need to keep the C string around, you can use either a fixed buffer or a dynamically allocated one. As always with C strings, you need to be careful not to write past the end of the buffer.
Using a dynamic buffer is similar, but requires explicit memory management.
There's not a huge difference between malloc() and calloc(), so choose whichever one you're more used to using, or use calloc() if you don't have a strong preference. The cost of clearing a range of memory to zeros is so tiny as to not be worth considering in most circumstances, and knowing that your buffer is initialized to zeros can be handy.
Here we calculate the starting point by simply adding 3 to the string pointer source. Then we figure out the number of chars we need to allocate using the strlen() function, remembering to add 1 for the null terminator character. After allocating memory, the strcpy() function copies all the characters from substringSource into buffer. Unlike strncpy(), strcpy() will copy the null terminator, so this code will be the same whether we use calloc() or malloc() to allocate the buffer.
If you need to grab a substring that falls between the beginning and end of a longer string, you combine these two techniques: use pointer arithmetic to get a pointer to the start of the substring, then use strncpy() to copy just the characters you need.
Slicing and dicing C strings is easy when you're using a single byte encoding like ASCII. If you're using a multibyte encoding like UTF-8, you need to be aware that one logical character may require two or more bytes. If you want to omit the first three logical characters in a string, you need to examine each byte from the start of a string to determine if it's part of a multibyte sequence, and adjust your string pointer accordingly. If you need to work with multibyte encodings, I recommend finding an appropriate library for the encoding, such as the International Components for Unicode for working with Unicode encodings. Or better yet, transform your C strings into NSStrings.
The substring returned by -substringToIndex: is autoreleased. You should -retain or -copy it if you need to hold on to it.
One word of caution: if the range you give falls outside the receiver (the source string), this method will raise an NSRangeException.
Setting the fields of NSRange is fairly verbose; it's generally more convenient to use the NSMakeRange() function to create the NSRange structure instead.
Internally, NSString uses UTF-16 encoding. Although UTF-16 is a variable length encoding like UTF-8, characters from the basic multilingual plane are all two bytes (one word) in length. If you're certain that your NSString contains only basic multilingual plane characters, then methods like -length and -substringWithRange: will work exactly as you expect them. However, if your NSString includes characters outside the basic multilingual plane, it will contain surrogate pairs, which are multi-word sequences that represent a single character. You'll find that -length tells you the number of words rather than logical characters, and if you're not careful, methods like -substringWithRange: can split a surrogate pair in half, leaving you with an invalidly encoded string.
Unless your application needs to work with characters outside the basic multilingual plane, the easiest solution is to filter out such characters when you accept data from a source outside your app. Since the basic multilingual plane contains all the characters in common use in most modern languages, this is sufficient for many applications. The standard iOS input keyboards limit the user to characters in the basic multilingual plane, but if your app reads data from the network, such as an RSS feed you don't control, you need to watch out for this.
Next time, we'll look at searching in C strings and NSStrings.


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Resumes & Job Hunt
Produced by Advertising Publications
Moving for a job? How to make a new city your home
Originally published July 31, 2018 at 5:52 am Updated January 30, 2019 at 11:12 am
(Thinkstock)
Relocating is never a piece a cake. It can be even harder if you are a recent college graduate starting your career.
By Jen A. Miller
Moving to a city where you know no one is never easy. It is even harder if you are a recent college graduate and are leaving the comfort of a ready-made community to start your career with your first grown-up job.
So how do you turn an unfamiliar place into one you can call home?
There are easy ways to make the transition from stranger in a strange land to the leader of a (new) pack. You can leverage existing networks like fellow college alumni; use social media to meet others with common interests; throw yourself into tourist mode and explore; make friends with your co-workers; and, above all, say yes to every invitation you get.
What do you have to lose?
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A time to leap
When Jane Behre moved to Dallas in February, it was the first time she had ever set foot in the city. Her interviews for a production sound technician job at the Dallas Theater Center were all done by Skype.
"While I'm still young, I will go where there is work," said Behre, 22. "If there's ever a time to make a big leap, the early 20s is the time to do it."
Behre grew up in Pennsylvania and went to college in New York City, so as a result of taking that big leap, she has had to build a new network in a new-to-her city.
It is not an uncommon situation for a recent graduate to face. In 2016, 12 percent of adults between 22 and 24 with a bachelor's degree moved from one state to another, according to a recent study published in Educational Researcher. And while we might think of young adults as always being out and on the go, loneliness and isolation are not unusual in the demographic. In fact, young adults reported experiencing twice as many lonely and isolated days as late middle-aged adults, according to a study published in Aging and Mental Health.
Most college graduates, especially those who lived on campus, have had social structures built for them. Even if you do not buddy up with your classmates, you can still make friends in intramural soccer, bond over late nights at the college newspaper or by volunteering through a fraternity or sorority. Now, those who have moved to another part of the country — or another country — need to build those structures themselves.
"It's like dating: You have to be proactive. You have to be willing to embarrass yourself," said Melody Warnick, author of "This is Where You Belong: Finding Home Wherever You Are." "You need to expand your social circle and build social capital in a new town. That's really the primary thing you can do to help yourself feel at home quickly."
Expanding existing connections
Just because a city is new to you does not mean you are starting with an entirely blank slate. Matt Sena learned that after he graduated from the University of Michigan and moved to New York City in May to pursue work as an actor.
"People who graduated three years ago, I'm getting in touch with them right now," said Sena, 22, who grew up in Manhattan Beach, California. "A lot of people have done exactly what I've done before, so they can recommend jobs like catering."
And if they are open to it, he said, he will often crash on their couches to experience different parts of the city, rather than just going back to the house he shares with roommates in Bushwick.
When Melanie Mabry, 22, graduated from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo in 2016, she moved to Sydney, Australia. But she did not go alone: She and a college friend got Australia Working Holiday Visas and moved there together, which gave them at least one connection while trying to make a home on the other side of the world.
Together they have explored the country and made other friends together, which Mabry said has been easier than trying to strike out alone. Pairing up with other young adults also makes it easier to sight-see and visit places that longtime residents might find old hat.
Tapping into the local branch of a community built around one of your interests can help, too: a running club, an intramural sports league, a church, a crafting group. Even if you do not know anyone there, having something in common can open doors to new connections and friendships.
Warnick, a writer who has researched place attachment, or the sense of connection that people sometimes feel with their towns, said that using college networks can help. But she warned against relying on them too heavily, especially if the people who are part of that network are on a campus far away and not where you currently live.
"For someone who has just graduated from college and moved to a new town, the temptation might be to hop onto Snapchat and talk to your old friends, and never bother making new ones," she said. "That's almost guaranteed to make you feel isolated and alone in your new town."
While making friends is important, Warnick said, so is forging connections with the physical place. "The friendship maybe isn't enough," she said, "which is why I tell people to also find ways to fall in love with your community."
Mabry started doing this before she left for Australia. On Instagram, she followed people who lived in Sydney and other major Australian cities, and from there she created a list of places she wanted to go and things she wanted to see. Now, on Sundays, when public transit fares are capped at $2.60, Mabry and her friends take long train trips to see something new — often something she discovered on someone's Instagram account.
Matt Sena has been using the Meetup app to find like-minded people doing things in New York that interest him too. He looks most often for meditation circles. He has also been going to open mic nights, and volunteers for a local political campaign. Even though he often goes by himself, he often clicks with people there, broadening his connections in and to the city.
The co-worker link
For a lot of recent grads, the job they moved to their new city for can provide an outline of a support system — or at least a place to start.
"It's always nice when work doesn't feel like work," said Kim Christfort, an author of Business Chemistry: Practical Magic for Crafting Powerful Work Relationships and national managing director of Deloitte Greenhouse. "So to the extent that you can connect with people and have some sort of relationship, it makes it easier to do your job."
Behre has gotten to know her co-workers at the Dallas Theater Center, and consequently Dallas itself, by meeting a very basic need. "A lot of it revolves around food, because the people who I work with — we tend to go out for lunch," she said. Since the theater center has three locations, she and her co-workers can explore three areas of the city through something they all do every day.
"There's always a risk of mixing business and friendship," said Christfort, of Deloitte Greenhouse. "There's a need to have good judgment about things and perspective."
That means bearing in mind that not everyone at work is looking to make new friends, no matter how enthusiastic someone else might be.
"A recent graduate needs to understand that they're going to be working with teams of people that are going to be very different," she said. If someone isn't open to a friendship, back off. It could be that things change over time.
Mabry, who works for an Australian staffing agency and as a bartender, said that she recognized the limits of most workplace friendships, and the need to have friends outside of her job.
"There's a difference between having friends at work and having friends that you're going to hang out with," she said. Being friendly with co-workers is nice, but she said she does not rely on the idea of co-workers turning into lifelong pals.
Luke Rafter moved to San Francisco in 2016 after earning a master's degree in accounting at the University of Notre Dame. He made friends at work, but soon realized that he wanted to expand beyond his office.
So in the last six months, he said, he has became a "yes man." If someone asks him to do something, he goes, no matter what.
He also has sought out fun activities and invited people to join him. Sometimes he will meet friends of friends and then include them on his next invitation to do something, like attend a street fair or go hiking, so he is rarely alone on his adventures.
He is also a regular at Feastly, a pop-up dinner series in San Francisco. "It's a communal atmosphere, and the chefs talk with everyone at the meal," said Rafter, 25, adding that he has become friends with one of the chefs outside of the Feastly umbrella. "It's really fun to spend some time with people you wouldn't see on a normal day-to-day basis."
Social media can also help with finding opportunities and like-minded people in a new city or town, Warnick said, but meeting people in person is key to making the new place stick — or be a better fit for however long someone stays.
"We have all sorts of social networks that give us the illusion of social interaction and friendship without actual, real friendship," she said. "The only way to make friends is to put yourself out there. You're just going to show up and do it."
That prospect, Warnick acknowledged, may be hard for some people, especially those who are introverted.
"But all you really need is a couple of friends that will eventually lead to a couple more," she added. "The entire experience of your city can change based on that."
Jen A. Miller