VUC Storstrøm is a self-governing Adult Education Centre (VUC) under the Ministry of Education. Regionally VUC Storstrøm belongs to Region Zealand along with three other Adult Education Centres.
We offer general adult education to the citizens in the southern part of Region Zealand. Our mission is to improve adult citizens' general knowledge and skills from the very basic level to the upper secondary level.
VUC Storstrøm has departments in 6 cities in Region Zealand.
VUC Storstrøm is managed by a Board of Directors comprising a wide range of local stakeholders in educational activities and the labour market. The day-to-day management consists of the management board and five middle managers.
Customized continued training for a large number of public as well as private businesses and institutions.
VUC Storstrøm believes in an adult educational environment based on responsibility, cooperation and respect.
Via education, VUC Storstrøm will strengthen young people and adults' active involvement in society and their opportunities to improve their own lives.
We give weight to development and international cooperation, offering educational and professional competences of a high standard.
The teacher has a class of students, we use digital materials and students use interactive media to submit their assignments.
The teacher attends to two classes in two different classrooms simultaneously. Teacher and student can all interact via video conference and interactive media.
Student in flexible HF and Global Football Classroom join class from their home via video conference. The equipment is also used for Global Guest Teacher.
Students receive and submit assignments digitally. Besides digital textbooks, we use video introductions and offer supervision via video conference.
A combination of Instruction types.


text:
Q: ACTION_SENDTO intent not working in Navigation Drawer Fragment So I'm making this app, and it contains several fragments linked to a main activity using a Navigation drawer. One of the fragments' XML layouts contains a button that, when clicked, will send an email. I'm testing this on the emulator. It has worked on another app, but not this. Here's the code:
public class AboutPage extends Fragment {
    public AboutPage() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        View view =  inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_about_page, container, false);
        Button contactButton = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.contact_button);
        contactButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
                intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:email@gmail.com"));
                intent.putExtra(intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Primus Suggestion or Issue");
                intent.setType("plain/text");
                if (intent.resolveActivity(getActivity().getPackageManager()) != null) {
                    getActivity().startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send Email using:"));
                } else {
                        Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "You don't have any email apps to contact us.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });

        return view;
    }
}

It keeps on displaying the toast, yet it works on the other app where the intent is created in the Main Activity.

A: Hope below will works for you:-
  Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
  intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]{"lumberjackapps@gmail.com"});
  intent.putExtra(intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Primus Suggestion or Issue");
  intent.setType("text/plain");
  if (intent.resolveActivity(getActivity().getPackageManager()) != null) {
  getActivity().startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send Email using:"));
  }
  else {
   Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "You don't have any email apps to contact us.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Dryer Vent Cleaning Staten Island, New York We believe that you deserve a free estimate (646) 703 -0047 and that having air conditioner cleaning and keeping acceptable air quality levels in your home needs that, every so often, you (or a dryer vent installation service contractor) should conduct certain maintenance strategies. It's just part of owning a building and keeping it in the condition that you want. We could help by providing air conditioner cleaning, air cleaner, and several forms of services related to dryer vent cleaning, and we also carry out this service for businesses along with other organizations.
It's a great idea to know the different dryer duct cleaning advantages you will get from several service if you would like to have a duct cleaning service. Simply Call(646) 703 -0047. An air duct cleaning quote is the thing that you need. There are numerous ways with how you can get your dryer duct vents cleaned.
1.By using accredited dryer duct cleaning, you can get rid of clogs for the dryer. This helps in circulating the hot air throughout the machine. If the dryer is clogged, then you are wasting money on more electricity than you need to spend, making your total energy costs go up each month. Great energy wastage could occur in a year because of clogged dryer vent.
2. Ensuring that many pollutants and allergens are what you want to be sure of. If left uncleared, these problematic susbtances can develop. These could affect towels, garments, blankets and linens and worse, the entire house.
3. You would like to extend the life of the dryer. It is a machine, and it will only last more years with right maintenance. If you don't unclog the indoor dryer vent, then the machine should work harder to complete its normal processes, again raising energy costs where they don't have to be greater.
4. You do not wish to use more than one cycle to dry your clothes even if there's an air duct cleaning cost. The risk of catching a fire would be possible of your indoor vent is clogged and should be cleaned. You could have the clog taken out and then expect the machine to run with typical efficiency, thereby getting the expected performance every time that you run a load through the dryer.
5. You want to protect the clothing along with other materials that go through the dryer and not allow them to get damaged by the tunnel. Having no duct cleaner service may not concern you however your clothes could be easily damaged. When the dryer vents are clogged, then the device builds up with more heat.


90'+3' - Thats all. Game finished - Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 3.
90'+3' - Second Half ended - Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 3.
90' - Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - won a free kick on the right wing.
89' - José Giménez - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
89' - Substitution - Real Madrid. Mariano for Karim Benzema.
88' - José Giménez - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
87' - Missed chance. Gareth Bale - Real Madrid - shot with the head from the centre of the box is very close to the goal. Assist - Karim Benzema with a cross.
86' - Missed chance. Saúl Ñíguez - Atlético de Madrid - shot with right foot from the right side of the box missed to the left.
85' - Missed chance. Vitolo - Atlético de Madrid - shot with right foot from the left side of the box is high and wide to the right. Assist - Nikola Kalinic.
85' - Vitolo - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
84' - Substitution - Real Madrid. Dani Ceballos for Toni Kroos.
83' - Luka Modric - Real Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
80' - Delay in match Toni Kroos - Real Madrid - - injury.
80' - Second yellow card to Thomas Partey - Atlético de Madrid - for a foul.
80' - Toni Kroos - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
79' - Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
78' - Shot blocked. Karim Benzema - Real Madrid - shot with right foot from outside the box is blocked. Assist - Lucas Vázquez.
77' - Missed chance. Rodrigo - Atlético de Madrid - shot with the head from the centre of the box is very close to the goal. Assist - Antoine Griezmann with a cross after corner.
76' - Corner - Atlético de Madrid. Conceded by Lucas Vázquez.
74' - GOAL!!! Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 3. Gareth Bale - Real Madrid - shot with left foot from the left side of the box to the right corner. Assist - Luka Modric.
73' - Missed chance. Karim Benzema - Real Madrid - shot with the head from the centre of the box is high and wide to the right. Assist - Daniel Carvajal with a cross.
72' - Saúl Ñíguez - Atlético de Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
72' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
72' - Offside - Atlético de Madrid. Santiago Arias with a pass, however Nikola Kalinic is in offside.
71' - Substitution - Atlético de Madrid. Nikola Kalinic for Álvaro Morata.
71' - Vitolo - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
68' - Álvaro Morata - Atlético de Madrid - receive yellow card.
68' - Sergio Ramos - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
66' - Luka Modric - Real Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
66' - José Giménez - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
65' - Substitution - Atlético de Madrid. Rodrigo for Ángel Correa.
64' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
64' - Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
62' - Thomas Partey - Atlético de Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
62' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
62' - Vitolo - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
60' - Corner - Atlético de Madrid. Conceded by Thibaut Courtois.
60' - New attacking attempt. José Giménez - Atlético de Madrid - shot with right foot from the right side of the box is saved in the top right corner.
60' - Álvaro Morata - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick on the left wing.
59' - Substitution - Atlético de Madrid. Vitolo for Thomas Lemar.
58' - Lucas Hernández - Atlético de Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
58' - Daniel Carvajal - Real Madrid - won a free kick on the right wing.
57' - Substitution - Real Madrid. Gareth Bale for Vinícius Júnior.
54' - Offside - Atlético de Madrid. José Giménez with a pass, however Álvaro Morata is in offside.
52' - Missed chance. Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - shot with left foot from outside the box is close, but missed. Assist - Álvaro Morata.
51' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
51' - Missed chance. Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - shot with right foot from outside the box goes high after corner.
50' - Corner - Real Madrid. Conceded by Santiago Arias.
49' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - won a free kick on the left wing.
48' - Lucas Hernández - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
47' - Missed chance. Álvaro Morata - Atlético de Madrid - shot with left foot from the left side of the box is high and wide to the left. Assist - Antoine Griezmann.
46' - Daniel Carvajal - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
45' - Second Half starts Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 2.
45'+3' - First Half ended - Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 2.
45'+1' - Daniel Carvajal - Real Madrid - won a free kick on the right wing.
44' - Thomas Partey - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
42' - GOAL!!! Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 2. Sergio Ramos - Real Madrid - converts the penalty with a shot with right foot to the left corner.
41' - José Giménez - Atlético de Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
40' - Penalty conceded by José Giménez - Atlético de Madrid - after a foul in the penalty area.
40' - Penalty Real Madrid. Vinícius Júnior draws a foul in the penalty area.
37' - Álvaro Morata - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick on the right wing.
37' - New attacking attempt. Toni Kroos - Real Madrid - shot with right foot from outside the box is saved in the right corner. Assist - Daniel Carvajal.
33' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - won a free kick on the left wing.
32' - Missed chance. Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - shot with left foot from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left. Assist - Thomas Partey with a cross after corner.
32' - Corner - Atlético de Madrid. Conceded by Casemiro.
31' - Daniel Carvajal - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
29' - Missed chance. Ángel Correa - Atlético de Madrid - shot with right foot from outside the box is very close to the goal .
28' - Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
28' - Luka Modric - Real Madrid - won a free kick on the left wing.
27' - Corner - Real Madrid. Conceded by Santiago Arias.
25' - GOAL!!! Atlético de Madrid 1, Real Madrid 1. Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - shot with left foot from the right side of the box to the right corner. Assist - Ángel Correa with a through ball following a fast break.
24' - Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
24' - Casemiro - Real Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
23' - Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - won a free kick in attack.
22' - Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - receive yellow card for a foul.
22' - Lucas Hernández - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
20' - Santiago Arias - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick on the right wing.
20' - Missed chance. Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - shot with right foot from the centre of the box is high and wide to the right. Assist - Vinícius Júnior with a through ball following a fast break.
19' - Offside - Atlético de Madrid. José Giménez with a pass, however Álvaro Morata is in offside.
18' - Ángel Correa - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
16' - GOAL!!! Atlético de Madrid 0, Real Madrid 1. Casemiro - Real Madrid - shot with right foot from the centre of the box to the left corner after corner.
16' - Shot blocked. Sergio Ramos - Real Madrid - shot with the head from the centre of the box is blocked. Assist - Toni Kroos with a cross.
15' - Corner - Real Madrid. Conceded by Diego Godín.
14' - Corner - Real Madrid. Conceded by Diego Godín.
12' - Ángel Correa - Atlético de Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
11' - Missed chance. Luka Modric - Real Madrid - shot with the head from the left side of the box is close, but missed. Assist - Daniel Carvajal.
10' - Missed chance. Thomas Partey - Atlético de Madrid - shot with left foot from the left side of the box is high and wide to the left. Assist - Antoine Griezmann.
10' - Lucas Vázquez - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
9' - Offside - Atlético de Madrid. José Giménez with a pass, however Álvaro Morata is in offside.
6' - Delay in match Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - - injury.
5' - Sergio Reguilón - Real Madrid - won a free kick in defence.
2' - Missed chance. Antoine Griezmann - Atlético de Madrid - shot with left foot from the left side of the box missed to the left. Assist - Thomas Lemar.


I certainly do not want to detract from the legends you intended to highlight, but I lost a legend this year and I thought I'd share him with you all. My dad is the reason why I am am obsessed with the Redskins and the star in my introduction to this site.
Last edited by Elephant; 07-05-11 at 02:16 AM.
Last edited by Sarge; 12-11-09 at 05:23 AM.
Thanks a lot guys! I didn't mean to hijack this thread but I would like to give you one more piece of info on my dad I did not find out until after he passed.
I knew he was a Marine, even though he never told me. My mother told me. I knew he served at Guantanamo, but was unaware of when. I never really found myself interested since he never wanted to share much about it.
When we found his discharge papers from the Marine Corp, I discovered my dad was amphibious recon in the Marines, he was involved in the Bay of Pigs, but I am still unaware of what capacity he served while in Cuba.
The most proud I have ever been to be a citizen of the United States of America was the day the Marines laid him to rest in Arlington. Those men gave my father the most honorable service with such deep respect.


text:
package mobi.cangol.mobile.utils;

import android.test.InstrumentationTestCase;

import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Created by xuewu.wei on 2016/6/8.
 */
public class TimeUtilsTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {

    public void testGetCurrentYear() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentYear());
        assertEquals(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR),Integer.parseInt(TimeUtils.getCurrentYear()));
    }

    public void testGetCurrentMonth() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentMonth());
        assertEquals(calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1,Integer.parseInt(TimeUtils.getCurrentMonth()));
    }

    public void testGetCurrentDay() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentDay());
        assertEquals(calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH),Integer.parseInt(TimeUtils.getCurrentDay()));
    }

    public void testGetCurrentHoursMinutes() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentHoursMinutes());
        //assertEquals(calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)+":"+calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE),TimeUtils.getCurrentHoursMinutes());
    }

    public void testGetCurrentTime() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentTime());
    }

    public void testGetCurrentTime2() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentTime("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
    }

    public void testConvertToDate() {
        assertNull(TimeUtils.convertToDate("20121229"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertToDate("2012-12-29"));
    }

    public void testConvertToString() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertToString(new Date()));
    }

    public void testGetCurrentTimeAddYear() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentTimeAddYear(-1));
    }

    public void testGetCurrentDate() {
        Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getCurrentDate());
    }

    public void testGetDate8Bit() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getDate8Bit());
    }

    public void testAddDay() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.addDay(TimeUtils.getCurrentDate(),1));
    }

    public void testGetStartDateInPeriod() {
        assertNull(TimeUtils.getStartDateInPeriod("201212"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getStartDateInPeriod("2012-12"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getStartDateInPeriod("2012-12-12"));
    }

    public void testGetEndDateInPeriod() {
        assertNull(TimeUtils.getEndDateInPeriod("201212"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getEndDateInPeriod("2012-12"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getEndDateInPeriod("2012-02-12"));
    }

    public void testConvertStandard() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertStandard("20151212"));
    }

    public void testConvertString() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.formatHm(System.currentTimeMillis()));
    }

    public void testConvert8Bit() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convert8Bit("2015-12-12"));
    }

    public void testFormatRecentTime() {
        assertNull(TimeUtils.formatRecentTime("2015-12-12"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.formatRecentTime("2016-05-08 15:33:00"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.formatRecentTime("2016-06-07 15:33:00"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.formatRecentTime("2016-06-08 15:33:00"));
    }

    public void testGetZhTimeString() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getZhTimeString("00"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getZhTimeString("00:00:"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getZhTimeString("00:00:00"));
    }

    public void testConvertLong() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertLong("2012"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertLong("2012-12"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertLong("2012-12-12"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertLong("2012-12-12 00"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertLong("2012-12-12 00:00:"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.convertLong("2012-12-12 00:00:00"));
    }
    public void testGetFormatDate() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getFormatDate(2012,12-1,12));
        assertEquals("2012-12-12",TimeUtils.getFormatDate(2012,12-1,12));
    }

    public void testGetFormatTime() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.getFormatTime(12,12));
        assertEquals("12:12",TimeUtils.getFormatTime(12,12));
    }

    public void testFormatLatelyTime() {
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.formatLatelyTime("2012-12-12 00:00:00"));
        assertNotNull(TimeUtils.formatLatelyTime(TimeUtils.getCurrentTime()));

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
package com.mirzaakhena.belajarcrud.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.mirzaakhena.belajarcrud.model.Pegawai;

/**
 *
 * @author mirzaakhena
 *
 */
public class PegawaiDao {

	private static final String CREATE = //
	"INSERT INTO Pegawai(nip, nama, gaji, tanggal) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)";

	private static final String UPDATE = //
	"UPDATE Pegawai SET nama=?, gaji=?, tanggal=? WHERE nip = ?";

	private static final String DELETE = //
	"DELETE FROM Pegawai WHERE nip = ?";

	private static final String GET_ONE = //
	"SELECT * FROM Pegawai WHERE nip = ?";

	private static final String GET_ALL = //
	"SELECT * FROM Pegawai";

	private static final String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/pegawaidb2";
	private static final String username = "root";
	private static final String password = "";

	private PreparedStatement createPegawai;
	private PreparedStatement updatePegawai;
	private PreparedStatement deletePegawai;
	private PreparedStatement getOnePegawai;
	private PreparedStatement getAllPegawai;

	private Connection connection;

	private PegawaiDao() {
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
			connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
			createPegawai = connection.prepareStatement(CREATE);
			updatePegawai = connection.prepareStatement(UPDATE);
			deletePegawai = connection.prepareStatement(DELETE);
			getOnePegawai = connection.prepareStatement(GET_ONE);
			getAllPegawai = connection.prepareStatement(GET_ALL);

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private static PegawaiDao pegawaiDao = new PegawaiDao();

	public static PegawaiDao getPegawaiDao() {
		return pegawaiDao;
	}

	public void create(Pegawai pegawai) {

		try {
			createPegawai.setInt(1, pegawai.getNip());
			createPegawai.setString(2, pegawai.getNama());
			createPegawai.setDouble(3, pegawai.getGaji());
			createPegawai.setTimestamp(4, new Timestamp(pegawai.getTanggal().getTime()));
			createPegawai.executeUpdate();

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void update(Pegawai pegawai) {

		try {

			updatePegawai.setString(1, pegawai.getNama());
			updatePegawai.setDouble(2, pegawai.getGaji());
			updatePegawai.setTimestamp(3, new Timestamp(pegawai.getTanggal().getTime()));
			updatePegawai.setInt(4, pegawai.getNip());
			updatePegawai.executeUpdate();

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void delete(Pegawai pegawai) {
		try {
			deletePegawai.setInt(1, pegawai.getNip());
			deletePegawai.executeUpdate();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public Pegawai getOne(int nip) {
		try {
			getOnePegawai.setInt(1, nip);
			ResultSet rs = getOnePegawai.executeQuery();
			if (rs.next()) {
				Pegawai pegawai = new Pegawai();
				pegawai.setNip(rs.getInt(1));
				pegawai.setNama(rs.getString(2));
				pegawai.setGaji(rs.getFloat(3));
				pegawai.setTanggal(new Date(rs.getTimestamp(4).getTime()));
				return pegawai;
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return null;
	}

	public List<Pegawai> getAll() {

		try {
			ResultSet rs = getAllPegawai.executeQuery();
			List<Pegawai> listPegawai = new ArrayList<>();
			while (rs.next()) {
				Pegawai pegawai = new Pegawai();
				pegawai.setNip(rs.getInt(1));
				pegawai.setNama(rs.getString(2));
				pegawai.setGaji(rs.getFloat(3));
				pegawai.setTanggal(new Date(rs.getTimestamp(4).getTime()));
				listPegawai.add(pegawai);
			}
			return listPegawai;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return null;
	}

}


FRISCO, Texas -- Nancy Mulkey scored 20 points, Erica Ogwumike added 15 points and 10 rebounds and No. 24 Rice pulled away from ninth-seeded North Texas for its 19th straight victory on Thursday, 61-43 in the quarterfinals of the Conference USA tournament.
Sydne Wiggins contributed 10 points for the Owls (26-3), who have the third-longest winning streak in the nation heading into Friday night's semifinal against fourth-seeded Western Kentucky. If Rice wins the tournament it will match Quinnipiac for the second-longest streak behind No. 1 Baylor (23) and the 2007-08 UTEP team for the longest winning streak in conference history.


text:
How much energy do solar panels produce?
Solar energy is defined by the electrical power delivered via a solar panel in standard sunshine (1000 Watts/m2) and temperature (25°C) conditions; it is measured in Watt-peak (Wp)
1 panel delivers 30 Wp equivalent to the electrical power of 30W in the above mentioned conditions.
How many solar panels fit on one streetlight?
3 to 7 panels can be fitted depending on the height of the pole.
Consequently, a streetlight with 3 panels will produce 96 Wp, and 224 Wp with 7 panels
What is the luminous power of LEDs?
This power is 30W at full power (around 3 150 lumens)
The Straight range has a 30W single LED that can be doubled to reach 60W (around 6 300 lumens)
The Lighty, has an IP 65 LED which can reach 5 to 8 Watts.
Why use LEDs?
LEDs are more energy efficient and have a much longer lifespan, which significantly reduces maintenance costs. LEDs don't emit UV rays and therefore don't attract insects: cleaning costs are almost non-existent.
What does the protection rating IP 67 for streetlights mean?
This rating classifies the level of protection that the enclosure provides.
The 1st digit corresponds to the level of protection against the ingress of solid objects, the 2nd digit refers to the protection against the ingress of liquids
6 = Dust tight: No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact (highest rating)
7 = Immersion protection up to 1m: Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time (30 min up to 1 m of submersion). (Highest rating = 8 => continuous immersion)
What does the protection rating IK 10 mean for streetlights?
This rating classifies the resistance to mechanical impact: 10 is the highest rating and corresponds to a drop of a 5 kg object from a 40 cm height.
What is the battery autonomy?
The batteries are high-performance lithium batteries. They are less sensitive to extreme heat or cold compared to traditional batteries.
The batteries have autonomy of 100Ah (i.e. 1kWh).
Considering that the 30Watts LEDs use 3A, a streetlight theoretically has autonomy of 33 hours at full power; i.e. 3 nights without solar energy supply during the day.
Where are the batteries located?
The batteries are located inside the pole or buried in a watertight enclosure underground next to the pole in extreme conditions areas.
What is the life span of a Photolight streetlight?
Being made from aluminium the streetlights don't rust
The lifespan of the LEDs varies from 30 000 to 50 000 hours; i.e. around 10 years
The batteries last at least 5 years (charged at full capacity)
What's the warranty?
Where are the streetlights manufactured?
They are manufactured in Grenoble, France
Do the Photolight streetlights comply with the current regulations?
Yes, they comply with the 3 following regulations:
EN 13201 which defines lighting classes for road lighting (at full power and depending on streetlight layout)
EN 61215 which determines the design of solar panels, qualification and type approval and lifespan
EN 40 (CE marking) which defines wind resistance for streetlights

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Very friendly villa of 300 square meters with large pool 6/12 secured with diving board. Private tennis court, redone in synthetic turf, Practice of golf. Table tennis and boules pitch. .Garages 4 cars. Automatic gate. Barbecue.
5 TV sets. 7 bedrooms, 5 shower rooms. 5 WC.
2 terraces, 1 shaded under the laurels. Ideal villa for large family or friends.
1Km 5 from the city center and the beach on foot 20 minutes.
Excellent host and house !
Very comfortable and functional beautiful house perfect for families and friends. Excellent quite location, clean pool and house. We really enjoyed our stay! The owner and her husband are very very welcome , warm people and nice! We are already suggesting this house to all our friends. Place to be back again! Thank you for your ospitality!
Ravis d'avoir reçu dans notre villa de telles personnes : chaleureux , sympathiques, des enfants adorables . Des personnes très respectueuses ( savoir vivre , propreté etc)...Avec grand plaisir nous les accueillerions de nouveau .
We all just got home from a weeks vacation in this wonderful Sainte Maxime Villa.
The place is ideal for a family vacation and got everything you need to enjoy a relaxing stay without having to worry about your kids getting to the pool unattended or getting hurt playing like kids do.
Our only minus is that the house lacked air-condition in all the rooms which made these July nights a little less comfortable then they could have been.
But all in all a great house on the French riviera close to both Saint Tropez and Nice.
5800 Euros la semaine location: 2 semaines minimum.


One of 2013's biggest car launches happened yesterday even as Ugadi-Gudi Padwa festivities were in the air: Honda lauched its first diesel-powered car for the Indian car market, the Brio Amaze compact sedan. The Brio Amaze packs the 1.5-liter i-DTEC turbo diesel engine, a motor developed specifically for the Indian car market. The engine is a low-friction unit that delivers class-leading performance and mileage figures. How does 100HP-200Nm and 25.8 Kmpl sound? Yes, with the Brio Amaze, Honda claims that you can have your cake and eat it too or if going by the company's rather cheesy commercial, you can eat your potato chips and still manage to lose those inches. The Brio Amaze is also available in a 1.2-liter petrol variant. While the petrol model gets 5-speed manual and automatic gearbox options, the 1.5-liter i-DTEC motor makes do with a five-speed stick shifter. The Brio Amaze starts at Rs 4.99 lakh for the base petrol model, going all the way up to Rs 7.6 lakh for the top-end diesel version. The car is aimed squarely at the Maruti Suzuki Swift Dzire. Bookings are open with deliveries well underway at Honda dealerships across India.
A day before the Brio Amaze made its Indian debut, another Japanese automaker made a considerable splash. The Kawasaki Ninja 300R has finally arrived in India, many months after its international launch. The Ninja 300R replaces the Ninja 250R as a more powerful motorcycle with significant feature upgrades and revised styling to boot. The Ninja 300R is powered by a 296cc parallel twin-liquid cooled four stroke engine. This engine puts out 39HP of peak power and 27Nm of peak torque. Mated to a six-speed manual gearbox, the engine drives the rear wheel of the motorcycle through a chain drive. The Ninja 300R is available for booking across all Bajaj ProBiking/KTM Stores in India and is priced at Rs 3.5 lakh, ex-showroom Delhi.
Your Mahindra Reva E2O electric car just got smarter than ever post the Mahindra-Reva/Vodafone collaboration that offers an in-car smartphone-based telemetry system. Basically, you use a Vodafone SIM in your E2O that'll work with the car's infotainment system to respond to commands that you issue through your smartphone. Picture this: you can switch on your car's AC remotely so that your E2O gets pre-cooled before you step into it. Similarly, doors can be unlocked and the reserve battery can be activated remotely through your smartphone. These are just some of the seven features that can be accessed on the E2O via your smartphone. Neat.
The latest C-Segment automatic sedan is in town, the Nissan Sunny CVT, is just around the corner. Ahead of the launch, the car's prices have been leaked: the Sunny Automatic will sell at an ex-showroom Mumbai price of Rs 8.92 lakh. It features a 1.5-liter petrol engine that delivers 99HP-134Nm, which is mated to a CVT automatic gearbox for seamless gear shifting. The car is available in only one trim, XL, and the launch is all set to happen within the next couple of weeks. Watch this space.


Merry Christmas (or late Happy Hanukkah)!! Odds are that you, like me, were a little busy today (Thursday, Christmas or the day-after-Hanukkah); too busy to write a Friday Fragments post, but I decided I wanted "stay open" tonight, since it's 10pm and I'm finally settling down to poke around on the computer. I've got plenty of bits and pieces to share from this week. Feel free to link up this weekend if you land here later than Friday. Thanks for stopping by.
***We had a beautiful Christmas Day with gift openings at our house and two grandma's houses; we're so fortunate to have so much family with which to spend our holidays.
***I really enjoy seeing bits and pieces of everyone's Christmas celebrations via Facebook; the smiling families, babies, trees, etc.
***Poor Kyle woke up Christmas morning and got sick; he spent pretty much the entire day in bed, with the exception of a little time at one grandma's house.
***I can't get over how many people are suffering with the flu this week! It's probably good that we have a week off from school!
***Santa was very good to me! A few years ago, I lost the diamond of my engagement ring and therefore stopped wearing it. I've worn a cheapo fake diamond band from Shopko (department store kind of like Walmart). (I believe it cost about $20.) Mr.4444 a.k.a. Santa said I needed a new ring this year, so I picked it out and am very happy.
***My selfie buddy is home!
***Milo loves to dress up in clothes; Steve, not so much, but they both say Merry Christmas.
***The Difference Makers could use your help, and it's really easy; just like their photo on the Salvation Army's Facebook page and ask your friends to do the same. The photo with the most likes wins an iPad mini, which they could use for taking photos, blogging about their adventures, correspondence, and FaceTiming with other volunteer kids around the globe! Contest ends January 9th or thereabouts. Thanks for your support!


Rock climbing is not just for monkeys and mountain goats. Bouldering is an alternative workout for those looking to improve their physical and mental health. Technical climbing, often referred to as rock climbing, is just one of six different "classes" that a hiker can encounter when pursuing the summit of a mountain. In this fifth classification, the hiker can experience difficulties any-where-from climbing a ladder to hanging from one finger. Intro to rock climbing teaches you how to judge a routes difficulty, discover your current level of ability, and learn the basic techniques needed to push through the next levels. A rotating climbing wall will offer you the chance to climb thousands of feet without ever being more than a couple feet off the ground. For more information, click this link and read through some of the Fundamentals.
Designed for teens 13 - 17 who want to "hangout" with friends and start learning the ropes and plan exciting wilderness trips.
Are Your Kids Climbing The Walls?
Youth climbing classes are available for walk-in customers, age 5 and up or by reservation. Kids that Rock is a fun adventurous activity that includes rock climbing games, slack lining, traversing the "snake pit", big gym rope challenge, rotating wall race, balancing board and low rope group dynamics. Activities are fun for kids and those who are still a kid at heart!
Events that Rock is a group event structured specifically for the different youth age interests. Rock climbing is not the only activity. Challenge games include slack lining, traversing over the "alligators", big gym rope climbing challenge, swing across the bottomless canyon, endless rotating climbing wall race, balancing board and other low rope group dynamics. Activities are fun for kids and those who are still a kid at heart! Party table available.
2 hour instructor reservation, designed for ages 7 - 17, price includes rental shoes, by reservation.
Sign up your group for Adventure Mountain fun! Group discounts apply and probably is more affordable than you think. Classes available for scouts wanting to achieve the climbing merit badge. Rock climbing walls and slack lines (tight rope walking) is just some of the other activities available during this adventure outdoors! 2 - 4 hours of excitement designed for most ages. We suggest more time for larger groups.


England declared at 322 for six on day three with Jennings 146 not out after a patient innings.
At the close of play, Sri Lanka were 15 without loss.
After stumps on Thursday 26-year-old Jennings conceded that the past half year had been "tough for me personally", but that he relishes the pressure.
"I enjoy it. I love the process of being involved, I love the process of feeling the heat, feeling the pressure, and I suppose waking up in the morning knowing you are on a knife edge," he said. "So it makes today that much more special."
SRI LANKA: Second innings 15 for no loss.


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[Hidden Wonders of Japan] 'Umbrella Sky' lights up Moominvalley Park
By Allison R. Scales on June 17, 2022 Picture books
A new outdoor exhibit is gaining popularity at Moominvalley Park in Saitama Prefecture. Called "Umbrella Sky", he paints aerial spaces in the park with colorful umbrellas.
The theme park is part of Metsä ("forest" in Finnish), a Nordic-themed entertainment complex based on characters from a series of picture books by Finnish illustrator Tove Janssen. Moominswho are white and round with large snouts that resemble a hippopotamus, are the series' central characters.
"Umbrella Sky" at Moominvalley Park in Saitama Prefecture on June 9. (Photo by Ikue Mio)
About 1200 umbrellas in bright colors such as red, purple and blue are lined up over a length of about 200 meters.
This is the third time the park has held this event, which takes place every year from spring through the rainy season. Janssen's picture book, Mysterious Journey to Moominvalley with storm scenes and a rainbow reproduced by the different colored umbrellas and a few balloons, inspired the 2022 theme.
Mizuo Watanabe, who was visiting family and friends in Saitama City, said, "I saw this on Instagram. But it's much more beautiful than I expected. I was surprised."
The exhibition continues until July 3.
What is your hidden wonder of Japan? Upload your photo here.
[Hidden Wonders of Japan] Kyoto 'Umbrella Sky' brings colorful fun in the rainy season
(Read the article in Japanese on this link.)
Author: The Sankei Shimbun


text:
Novoladozhsky (masculine), Novoladozhskaya (feminine), or Novoladozhskoye (neuter) may refer to:
Novoladozhsky Uyezd, name of Volkhovsky Uyezd of St. Petersburg Governorate (previously in Novgorod Viceroyalty) in the Russian Empire and the early Russian SFSR in 1923–1927
Novoladozhskoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation corresponding to Novoladozhskoye Settlement Municipal Formation, an administrative division of Volkhovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Mill Hill Nursery was registered in 2005. The facility provides day care, wrap around care, out of school hours and holiday care. The groups operate from four play rooms located within the premises of Mill Hill Nursery. The nursery is situated in the Mill Hill area of Sunderland. A maximum of 38 children may attend the groups at any one time. The facility opens all year round, Monday to Thursday from 8.00 to 18.00, and Friday 8.00 to 17.00. All children share access to an enclosed outdoor play area.


Cython, the successor to Pyrex, looks like a really interesting third-party tool for actually writing external modules or wrappers by compiling Python code down to C. For standard Python, the C code makes the appropriate calls into the Python runtime, but further optimizations can be done with type specifiers or decorators. Something like distutils is still needed to compile the C code.
I try to be optimistic and consider easy_install (and all the surrounding tools) to be prototypes that will show what Python needs to provide out of the box in some future version.
Personally, I think I use maybe about a third of the features that setuptools provide, and consider the rest to be mistakes.
Correction, ez_install (easy_install) is not equal to eggs. Eggs is a deployment format. easy_install is a command-line installation tool that install packages in egg format. Although support for both the install tool and using the egg format is part of the same setuptools project.
Eggs do allow platform-specific binary data to be part of the distribution though, providing another way of getting around the problems of compilation by allowing a developer to build extension modules on their compiler-enabled computer and ship those pre-built binaries directly to the end-user.


I've recently returned from a weekend break in Amsterdam with my husband and two other couples. The six of us have known each other for years, but this was the first time we've all holidayed together.
Oh dear! I've seriously let myself down. I've fallen behind on my resolution to blog monthly. What on earth happened to October? I've no idea. It came and went without me almost noticing.
Having returned to Sydney from our travels around the Top End of Australia I wanted to update you all on our trip. I've had the best time ever! I wouldn't be able to say which was my favourite place that we visited because they were all special in different ways.
Last weekend we went on a family outing to the Tate Modern to see the Giacometti exhibition. How I love family outings and how I love Giacometti's work.
A few weeks ago, my son told me about a review he wrote on a book he was reading that sounded really interesting!
It's called Ella Minnow Pea and tells the story of a village that slowly outlaws the use of certain letters.
Last weekend, I decided to do something truly spontaneous!
Last Friday night, I was reading the Evening Standard newspaper and saw that Woody Allen was performing at the Royal Albert Hall with his New Orleans Jazz Band on the following Sunday.
I'm writing this blog in the blistering heat! It seems that summer has finally hit us as the weather gets hotter and hotter and hotter. We should be careful what we wish for!
Since having published There Is Always More To Say the question that I've been asked the most is 'How did you get into writing?' My answer is always one word: 'Invigilating'.
This week marked two important anniversaries in my calendar. Not only was it my own 58th birthday but I also celebrated the first birthday of There Is Always More To Say.
I've been really busy these last three weeks. In fact, it's been quite chaotic. So I'd like to apologise for my late update.
Things are just about returning to normal.
This week I decided to embark on a new challenge. Ordering made to measure clothes online! Not for me, though! My husband is a terrible shopper and I wanted him to enjoy a new shirt.
I know that it's impossible to stop time. But where does it go? And how does the time seem to pass so quickly? And more importantly as time whizzes by what have I been doing?
I'm seriously behind on my blog. I apologise for that. I'm not quite sure where the time has gone, and I seem to have 'lost' a couple of weeks in January!
Did you notice the addition of the new digital badge to my homepage?! I hope so!
To celebrate Independent Authors Day on Wednesday 14 December, the Book Fairies dropped off copies of self-published books across London Underground. They were celebrating the launch of the first Indie Author Day Underground by @BooksUndergrnd.
This morning I woke up to an email from a reader who asked if I had completed the puzzle yet. Yes I have! I'm so sorry! I forgot to post a picture on the blog.
Has anything interesting happened this week?
Christmas is just around the corner! How exciting! I couldn't help but notice when I went to our local shopping mall the day after Halloween that the shops had already disposed of their ghoulish decorations and that the first of the Christmas decorations had started to appear.
Late last night we arrived back from a family weekend away in Budapest. It's the first time in about five years that we have gone away as a family. And it was great!
It's been a very busy and enjoyable couple of weeks! The Triskele Litfest 2016 took place at LIFT in Islington last Saturday 17 September. It was an outstanding event which was extremely well run.
After our family road trip had ended, I stayed longer in Australia to take up temporary residence in Manly, Sydney. A wonderful self-imposed writing retreat! Last year, I went there to finish off 'There Is Always More To Say'.
If you're in the UK and reading this blog today welcome to the start of the long-awaited August Bank Holiday weekend! And if you're not in the UK, no worries it's still the start of a weekend!
Another week! Another update! This week has literally flown by!
Another week, another update for you all. Recently, I have been busy at work making sure that There Is Always More To Say continues to circulate the blogging world.
This week I heard back from one of the many writing competitions I have entered over the last couple of months. I wanted to try my luck, as There Is Always More To Say seems to be picking up some attention from various bloggers and local publications.
This week, I connected with Linda Hill, the author of Linda's Book Bag, a blog dedicated to the reading, reviewing, and publicity of novels among the literary community.
Sorry I have been so absent recently. But I have just returned from South Africa where I enjoyed an amazing holiday with my husband and two sons.
Another week, another blog post. Today, I thought I'd update you all on my progress, and give my thanks to Ben and Laura from Cameron Publicity personally. The campaign for 'There is Always More to Say' has officially come to an end (for now!).
Welcome to my blog and thank you for visiting! I'm really excited that my debut novel, There is Always More to Say is about to be released. It has always been a dream of mine to write fiction and finally last year I found myself writing it.


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Top 21 Jewellery Books That You Must Read
by Mir Saeid | Mar 29, 2021 | Books & Literature, Fashion & Trends | 0 comments
If jewellery fascinates you, along with having a huge collection of it, reading jewellery books is a good way of discovering your love for it.
Add a little sparkle and shine to not just your bookshelf but also to your life with an amazing read on jewellery. Whether it is about the ancient jewels or a glimpse into the minds of famous jewellers, a glut of words has been written on this subject.
From expert guides on gemstones of the kings to the history of diamonds through the years to the best of modern jewellery, you are likely to find a jewellery book for any and every kind of jewellery that you are passionate about.
If you love jewellery and you love reading then you are at the right place. Whether you plan on getting one for yourself or for someone you love, jewellery books make for a great gift. So, come along, as we tell you about some of the best books on jewellery of all time.
Buy Kashmiri Jewellery
Jewel: A Celebration of Earth's Treasures
Its beautiful black velvet front cover opens you up to a world of the most dazzling jewels, gemstones, precious and semi-precious gems and minerals. The book is full of stunning pictures of celebrated jewellery, gemstones and other precious objects.
With this book, you get to immerse yourself in the incredible stories that surround these famous, notorious and most-celebrated gems.
Full of spectacular photographs, interesting real-life stories and intriguing historic jewels, 'Jewel: A Celebration of Earth's Treasures' by Dorling Kindersley is an absolute must-read.
The Cartier: The Untold Story of the Family Behind the Jewellery Empire
Whether or not someone is a jewellery lover, Cartier, is perhaps a name that everyone has heard of. One of the most recognized jewellery brands in the world, Cartier is a household name.
In this book by Francesca Cartier Brickell, the author tells the untold story behind of the family behind the gigantic brand. She talks and shares stories of her ancestors- the three brothers Jaques, Louis and Pierre who transformed their grandfather's Parisian jewellery store into the luxury international brand that Cartier is today.
Jewels & Jewellery
One of the top jewellery books of all time, Jewels & Jewellery is written by Clare Phillips- author, historian and V&A Museum curator. The book was first published in 2000 and then it has gone through several reprints.
The book examines splendid pieces of jewellery right from the early medieval period to the Renaissance period to the twenty-first century designs. Jewels & Jewellery also features exceptional photographs from the Victoria & Albert Museum's unmatched collection.
With an impeccable amount of research put into it, this book gives you an insight into the evolution of jewellery through the different eras.
Hidden Gems: Jewellery Stories from the Salesroom
A book by Sarah Hue-Williams and Raymond Sancroft-Baker, Hidden Gems is a collection of 40 stories. These intriguing stories are a beautiful blend of art, science, history, and psychology and trace the lives of jewels and those connected to them.
This compilation of stories is a very interesting read, and the combined knowledge and experience of the authors has created this spellbinding read.
Chaumet Tiaras: Divine Jewels
The next on our list of must-read jewellery books is Chaumet Tiaras by Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni. This is an exclusive book that features the most stunning tiaras that were created by Chaumet.
The Parisian House of Chaumet, since 1780, has been one of the most sought-after jewellers in Europe after Chaumet was named the official jeweller to Empress Josephine.
Chaumet has produced over 2,000 tiaras, and this book pays tribute to some of the most fabulous of them.
Enzar Bracelet
Jabr Bracelet
Kunz Bracelet
Neel Bracelet
Mehr Bracelet
Lydia Courteille: Extraordinary Jewellery of Imagination and Dreams
With her avant-grade and unusual jewellery designs, Lydia Courteille has been making a name for herself for over thirty years. One of the most amazing jewellery books to read, this book is part biography and part retrospective.
Right from tracing her roots from her birth to her teenage years and to her early career, Lydia Courteille pays homage to her home city. The latter part of this amazing jewellery book takes you on a journey through this designer's wonderful designs.
Celebrating Jewellery: Exceptional Jewels of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Penned by David Bennet and Daniela Masceti, Celebrating Jewellery is one of the must-reads when it comes to jewellery books. The book is a compilation of the most celebrated jewels of the last 200 years of western history.
Right from the tiaras of the Victorian era to the designs of the late 20th century, the book features some of the most iconic jewellery houses such as Cartier and Bulgari.
If you are a jewellery buff, you need to pick this book up.
Fine Jewellery Couture: Contemporary Heirlooms
This book by Olivier Dupon features over 35 master jewellery designers from all across the world. The book also features sketches alongside the photographs of the jewels.
The author and design expert Olivier Dupon has a keen eye and a creative flair and this book of his is a testimony of that. In his book, each designer is introduced briefly and then hundreds of images of his art follow. Whether you are a jewellery professional or an aficionado, you must read this book.
Stoned: Jewellery, Obsession, and How Desire Shapes the World
When we talk about jewellery books, this is yet another amazing one. Authored by Aja Raden, it is the former jeweller's first-ever book.
A very entertaining read, Stoned takes you on a journey through the history of human desire for what is rare and precious. The author takes into account 8 different jewels that shaped the course of history.
Stoned is a very, very interesting read that is so brilliantly written that it will have you hooked right from the first page.
Jeweler- Masters, Mavericks, and Visionaries of Modern Design
The next on our list of the top jewellery books is Jeweler, a book by Stellene Volandes. In the book, the author has focussed on contemporary jewellers whose works she considers to be the most influential in terms of both artistry and expertise.
Jeweler is a colourful mix of the old and the experimental. Stellene Volandes has picked out the most visually impactful jewels, along with a personal introduction of each jeweller.
Ruby: The King of Gems
Penned by jewellery specialist Joanna Hardy, Ruby: The King of Gems gives an insightful look into this precious red gemstone. She shares the tales of the 60 most renowned rubies, ruby jewels. She also gives practical advice on what you should look out for when you buy a gemstone for yourself.
The book is a very beautifully illustrated survey that will take you on a journey right from the mines in Burma to the courts and palaces in Europe. If you are fond of rubies or gemstones in particular then this is one of the must real jewellery books for you.
Armin Earrings
Arshia Earrings
Arya Earrings
Aaima Earrings
Tiaras: A History on Splendour
This lavishly illustrated book is penned down by Geoffery C. Munn and gives you a deep insight into the world of tiaras. Right from how the word 'tiara' originated to its transformation from the ancient days to its modern-day status, you can read everything related to tiaras in this book.
The book also features an array of photographs of royal tiaras of the French and Russian Imperial provenances, creations of some of the most iconic designers including Cartier, Castellini, Tiffany and more.
Diamond Jewellery: 700 Years of Glory and Glamour
The book talks about the glorious history of this highly celebrated precious stone 'diamond' through the stories of the European rulers. This book by Diana Scarisbrick is one of the best jewellery books especially if you are a diamond enthusiast.
Right from the mid-fourteenth century to the present day, 'Diamond Jewellery' explores the powerful people who commissioned and wore extraordinary pieces of diamond jewellery. Exclusive paintings and photographs highlight the diamond jewellery worn by prominent figures such as Queen Elizabeth I of Great Britain and icons such as Elizabeth Taylor.
The Cartier Collection: Jewellery
Penned down by Francois Chaille, Michael Spink, Christophe Vachaudez, Thierry Coudert and Violette Petit collectively, this two-volume book showcases more than 3,000 pieces from the stunning Cartier collection. Right from the 1860s to present day, this book traces thousands of high jewellery pieces from the luxury brand.
Right from Queen Elizabeth to Sir Bhupinder Singh, The Cartier Collection showcases extraordinary pieces from these imminent personalities. If high jewellery is something that interests you then this one is a must-have.
Adorning Fashion
This book by Deanna Farneti Cera is the next on our list of the top jewellery books. The book is a definite and comprehensive guide to costume jewellery and covers all aspects of it.
It talks about the evolution of costume jewellery right from bourgeois France to its present-day state. It is a very lavishly illustrated books that is a must-have for all kinds of jewellery enthusiasts. The book includes a range of remarkable designers such as Dior, Versace, Balenciaga and many more.
The styles of each era right from the Victorian era to the twentieth century are individually highlighted in Adorning Fashion.
Beyond Extravagance: 2nd Edition
Beyond Extravagance by Dr Amin Jaffar is a book that you absolutely must not miss out on as the book talks about the diverse tradition of Indian jewellery spanning over 4 centuries.
This particular second volume highlights more than 400 pieces of fine jewellery and art objects right from the time of the Mughal Empire to the British Raj to the twenty-first century. Some of the key pieces include a ruby and pearl choker made for the Maharaja of Patiala by Cartier, the Shah Jahan dagger, the Taj Mahal Emerald and much more.
This luxurious book is a must-have especially for those who love high jewellery.
Spectacular: Gems and Jewellery from the Merriweather Post Collection
This book by Liana Paredes gives a glimpse into one of the most remarkable collections of jewellery. 'Spectacular' will immerse you into the history and design of jewellery and keep you hooked throughout.
The book features exquisite pieces by Cartier, Van Cleef and Arpels, contemporary commissions from Harry Winston and so much more. One of the must-read jewellery books, it talks about the changing jewellery styles and developments in America as well as Europe.
Abbas Ring [Lemon Topaz]
Amina Ring
Anees Ring
Women Jeweler Designers
A book by Juliet de la Rochefoucauld, Women Jeweler Designers celebrates the works of female jewelry designers from all across the globe. The book features works of Coco Chanel, Paloma Picasso, and many other female designers.
The book majorly talks about the works of women jewelry designers of the twentieth century. Every prominent woman designer and her work that you may want to know about is included in this wonderful book.
To know about the stories of these inspirational women and their exceptional work, this book is a must-have.
The Pearl Necklace
The next on our list of must-read jewellery books is The Pearl Necklace by Vivienne Becker. An iconic classic, the book exclusively talks about the 'pearl necklace' and about those who made it a part of their wardrobes.
Right from the Renaissance queens to the Maharajas to the First Ladies, you will find stories of all kinds of pearl necklace owners in this book.
Secrets of the Gem Trade: The Connoisseur's Guide to Precious Gemstones
This book by Richard W. Wise is a must-read if you are into gemstones. If how the best gemologists in the world evaluate precious gems is something you wish to know then you need to grab this book right away.
A book by Rachel Church, Rings is an engaging book on the evolution of ring designs right from the Middle Ages to today. This beautifully illustrated book talks about everything related to the most-worn accessory, 'rings'. There are over 200 illustrations in the book right from period paintings and sketches to photographs.
Here, we talked about the 21 must-read books on jewellery. Which one of these 21 jewellery books are you the most excited to read?
In case you wish to buy some silver jewelery, head over to our jewellery section where you can buy rings, earrings, pendants, bangles & bracelets and necklaces.
You may also wish to read:
Top 10 Jewellery Blogs of the World
A Complete Guide to Gemstones
Top 16 Perfumes for Girls {All Natural}
A-Z Guide on Kashmiri Embroidery
Fitness & Lifestyle
Foods & Delicacy
Kashmir Diaries
Parenting & Mommy's
Wisdom & Stories


Two Seminars at the SuperBOWL, the Claret mentioned above and the Burgundy which will appear next issue were presented by Neal Martin and Bill Nanson respectively who have web sites www.winejournal.com and www.burgundy-report.com devoted mainly to their particular interest in the wines from the respective regions. Like www.finewinediary.com these concentrate on fine wine and I am sure our readers will find them interesting. Check out Bill's home page too: www.nanson.ch.


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The strain of fiscal urgent matters within your life is often a massive burden. You may sense you need assistance if duties are weighing you lower. The next advice can help you learn what you must learn about taking out a pay day loan.
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Public Health & Policy > FDA General
Limited Sight Restored by Retinal Implant
The FDA has approved the first implantable device to treat advanced retinitis pigmentosa, the agency announced.
by Kristina Fiore, Staff Writer, MedPage Today February 14, 2013
The Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System, made by Second Sight Medical Products of Sylmar, Calif., will be indicated for retinitis pigmentosa patients ages 25 and up who have severe to profound disease with little or no light perception in both eyes.
Eligible patients also have to have inner layer retina function and a history being able to see forms, and will be required to have clinical follow-up and visual rehabilitation, according to the FDA.
The device involves a video camera attached to a pair of eyeglasses, a video processing unit, and an implanted retinal prosthesis.
The glasses capture images, which are sent to the processing unit that turns images into electronic data. These images are transmitted wirelessly to electrodes implanted in the retina.
Although it does not restore vision, the FDA said, it may allow patients to detect light and dark and help them identify the location and movement of objects.
The device was approved on the basis of data from a trial involving 30 patients who were followed for at least 2 years. Of these, 19 patients had no adverse events. The other 11 patients experienced erosion of the conjunctiva, dehiscence, retinal detachment, inflammation, or hypotony.
The system was shown to improve visual acuity and daily function, including walking straight on a sidewalk and being able to determine the direction a person in front of them is walking.
Panelists at an advisory committee hearing on the device last fall did express some concerns about safety, but ultimately voted 19-0 in favor of approving the device.
About 1,300 patients each year develop retinitis pigmentosa, a genetic condition in which light-sensitive cells slowly degenerate, resulting in gradual loss of peripheral and night vision, and, later, central vision.
The Argus II was given a humanitarian device use by the FDA, given to devices used for fewer than 4,000 people a year. It was approved in Europe last year.
There are no other approved treatments for the condition.
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Case study: FOCUS4 - Foundations for fighting COVID-19
How forward-thinking approaches to cancer clinical trials from the last decade have featured in the UK's fight against COVID-19.
The NIHR research infrastructure, embedded in the NHS, has been supporting the delivery of novel, complex and innovative clinical trials for over a decade.
Flagship clinical trial
As FOCUS4 prepares to report findings at the ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) Annual Meeting on 4-8 June 2021, we take a historical look at how this groundbreaking trial has helped shape the future of clinical trial delivery in the UK. We talked to Tim Maughan, Chief Investigator and Professor of Clinical Oncology at the University of Oxford, to explore how experience gained from delivering FOCUS4 has helped the UK to rapidly answer questions of global importance about the treatment of COVID-19.
FOCUS4, one of the UK's flagship precision medicine cancer trials, opened back in 2014. It is a randomised trial investigating treatments for colorectal cancer using a complex adaptive methodology which is known as Multi-Arm, Multi-Stage (MAMS) design. Such trials, also called umbrella or platform trials, allow for multiple treatments to be tested simultaneously against the standard of care (the control). However, FOCUS4 has the added complexity of stratified medicine, which requires that all eligible patients undergo genome sequencing to identify genetic biomarkers relating to their cancer. Patients are then matched to the trial arm/treatment to which they are most likely to respond.
Read an accessible transcript of this video in which Professor Tim Maughan summarises the design and successes of the FOCUS4 trial
This new way of working emerged following a rapid increase in the number of new cancer treatments being developed by life science companies which needed a systematic approach to quickly understand which treatments worked against which cancers. Professor Maughan explains:
"The adaptive, multi-arm, multi-stage approach provided a more efficient way of working compared to traditional back-to-back randomised clinical trials which only test one treatment at a time. Not only does it avoid the delays and costs of setting up a new trial for each new drug candidate, it also makes the screening process more efficient. Patients are screened for a match to all the drugs being trialled and have a higher probability of being able to join the trial and access a cutting-edge treatment. But more importantly - and this is where the adaptive bit comes in - new arms can be added to the trial platform as new drugs become available. Equally, where drugs are showing no benefit, that arm of the trial can be closed and the patients can be switched to a different treatment."
The FOCUS4 trial design was considered groundbreaking when it opened in 2014 as it was one of the first large-scale, molecularly stratified, MAMS cancer trials in the UK. It successfully enrolled 1,434 patients from 88 hospitals. Prior to this the FOCUS3 study, opening in February 2010, sought to establish the feasibility of this approach, recruiting 240 patients at 24 centres.
However, the UK's experience of MAMS trials can be tracked back further to the STAMPEDE (Systemic Therapy in Advancing or Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Drug Efficacy) Trial which opened in the UK in 2005. This trial is ongoing, has recruited over 11,500 participants, and has produced practice-changing results in the treatment of prostate cancer. Although STAMPEDE commenced much earlier than FOCUS3 or FOCUS4, Professor Maughan says it is important to note:
"STAMPEDE is less complex in that it does not involve molecular stratification. This is a significant difference in the complexity of the trial delivery and why trials like FOCUS4 and the National Lung Matrix are world-renowned, despite opening a number of years after STAMPEDE."
Fast forward to 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic. The emergency situation necessitated a systematic approach to quickly understand which treatments worked against the novel coronavirus. Sound familiar?
Collaborative research culture
Speed and agility are imperative in a pandemic situation. This caused a seismic shift in attitudes towards developing new ways of working in areas such as streamlining the trial approval process.
Rapid trial set-up and delivery are also crucial. Thankfully, as we've established, the UK already had experience and understanding of implementing large scale, adaptive, Multi-Arm, Multi-Stage clinical trials. This existing knowledge and ability to collaborate on a national scale certainly seems to have underpinned our rapid COVID-19 research response seen in trials like RECOVERY (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy). Professor Maughan said:
"FOCUS4 lies in this historic development of complex innovative designs. It builds first of all on the establishment of the research infrastructure through the Clinical Research Network, which is integral to the support of all these major UK national trials. Secondly, it builds on the adaptive statistical methodology, which was first developed in STAMPEDE - the Multi-Arm, Multi-Stage approach.
"The RECOVERY trial is built on the same adaptive statistical model and also the fact that there was this fantastic research delivery infrastructure in the UK, which enabled it to move very fast and recruit these huge numbers of patients in a very short period of time. The success of RECOVERY and other MAMS trials in recent years is testament to the 20 years of investment in clinical research delivery culture in the NHS and the collaborative working across the industry in the UK."
The world-leading RECOVERY trial does, indeed, use the MAMS trial design to test emerging treatments for the novel coronavirus and was established during the early stage of the pandemic when there were no proven treatments available. Within three months, it generated clinical evidence resulting in dexamethasone becoming the world's first proven drug to reduce mortality for the most seriously ill patients. It also showed that hydroxychloroquine, once considered a promising therapeutic candidate for COVID-19, has no clinical benefit for hospitalised patients and this arm of the trial ceased immediately.
The PRINCIPLE (Platform Randomised trial of INterventions against Covid-19 In older peoPLE) and REMAP-CAP (A Randomised, Embedded, Multi-factorial, Adaptive Platform Trial for Community-Acquired Pneumonia) trials also utilise an adaptive platform approach. These flagship trials, building on the foundations of STAMPEDE, FOCUS4 and Lung Matrix, are likely to accelerate uptake and acceptance of the adaptive platform approach in clinical trial delivery in future years as the global drive for faster and more efficient clinical trials intensifies.
Read the accessible transcript of this video in which Professor Tim Maughan explains how experience gained from delivering
FOCUS4 has helped the UK to rapidly answer questions of global importance about the treatment of COVID-19.
Forthcoming findings
It seems quite pertinent then for FOCUS4 to be on the cusp of publishing new findings in the wake of the pandemic. Professor Maughan looks back at some of the previously published results of the trial:
"Our first molecular cohort showed comprehensive negative results, and we were able to close it after only 32 patients had been accrued to FOCUS4-D - one arm of the FOCUS4 trial. That was published back in 2017 and you'll see in many platform designs that a number of negative results come out. That's important because we're showing that things don't work as well as the things that do work.
"The trial closed to recruitment in October 2020, after conducting three molecularly targeted sub-trials and one non-molecularly stratified trial in six years, and has generated some interesting results. I will be presenting some of these at the ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) Annual Meeting on 4-8 June 2021 and we are in conversation with journals about publications.
"When we embarked on FOCUS4 we knew it would be a challenge, and we have learnt a huge amount along the way. It's really important now that we share this learning and continue to improve the way we do clinical trials in the future."
Professor Maughan also recognises that complex trials like FOCUS4 require the right ingredients to enable successful delivery. He emphasises the importance of the UK's unique clinical research landscape:
"The whole complex research ecosystem of the UK presents an unparalleled opportunity for complex and innovative trials. We have the NHS as a single health care provider, the NIHR Clinical Research Network as a coordinated research delivery organisation, the collective work of the funders, forward-thinking regulators, and the National Cancer Research Institute. All this facilitates a really collaborative clinical research culture within the UK where organisations don't have to compete with each other for patients, for example. Not a lot of countries in the world that can replicate that same environment.
"We have also shown that our research infrastructure can be adapted to an emergency situation and this is thanks to the NIHR Clinical Research Network and the trained research workforce who are based in every hospital and primary care setting in the UK. I think the real challenge now is ensuring that we learn from the COVID-19 crisis to improve the way we do things normally, in the clinical research setting, outside of the pandemic."
Listen to our podcast: Findings from a flagship cancer platform trial in which Professor Tim Maughan Describes how our clinical trial landscape has evolved to make the UK a world-leader in delivering large-scale platform trials like FOCUS4 and reveals what we have learnt from the experience.
Further information about FOCUS4
Publication: Journal of Clinical Oncology: Evaluating Many Treatments and Biomarkers in Oncology: A New Design, (2013)
POSTER: FOCUS4-D: Results from a randomised, placebo controlled trial of AZD8931
Focus 4 website
Visit our web page describing how the NIHR supports the delivery of complex and innovative trials.
Case study: STAMPEDE - a turning point in trial design
Case study: The National Lung Matrix Trial - laying the groundwork for combatting COVID-19
Case study: The UK's flagship COVID-19 treatment trial - the RECOVERY trial
Case study: REMAP-CAP tests treatments for COVID-19
Case study: Testing treatments for COVID-19 at home - the PRINCIPLE trial


Read reviews about La Bodega Restaurant here! All reviews have been written by Quandoo users that have already booked and eaten at La Bodega Restaurant. We try to be as transparent as possible by providing you with real guest experiences. Find out what other diners are saying about La Bodega Restaurant.
A warm welcome, delicious food, great choice of wine and beer! Felt like we were back home in Spain. Thank you and looking forward to the next time already!
Service was amazing, our server was very attentive. Food was delicious, authentic Spanish food. They do everything to make you have a great time, enjoy your time there whether you are having beer in the outside area or food.
Some of the most authentic Spanish food in London, amazing tapas and amazing paella! If you ignored the English singing busker you would think you are in Spain!
Food is delicious, particularly the octopus and croquetas, and great value for money. Great Cava sangria and of course Estrella Galicia. I go to La Bodega often and it never disappoints!
Hi as always we had an excellent lunch at La Bodega. The owner Juan greeted us at the door and took us to our table. The food was the usual excellent standard, served hot, fresh and promptly. Pity we don't have a La Bodega in Beaconsfield!!
Good service and good food. A very loud large party made it impossible to have a conversation. Being a small restaurant, with the rise in noise we couldn't wait to gobble up our food and get out! Not the restaurant's fault, though they could have asked thenparty to be mindful of others.
No record of our reservation, but thankfully they managed to accommodate a table of 5 people. Restaurant was very busy and the service was slow. Two of our party are in their 70s and the restaurant is very noisy so hard to hear each other. But the food is great.
Very authentic food and pleasant environment. The Sangria drink was exactly like in Spain! Portions are also quite generous considering we ordered tapas.. only minor point was the service which was initially rather slow.


Jumia Technologies AG (NASDAQ: JMIA) shares surged 34.88 percent to close at $43.04 on Tuesday after the stock increased 68% in its first 2 days as a publicly traded company.
360 Finance, Inc. (NASDAQ: QFIN) rose 31.92 percent to close at $22.69. Shares of several Chinese companies traded higher following upbeat home price data from China. Trade negotiations with the USA appeared to help lift sentiment.
Rexahn Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NYSE: RNN) shares rose 25.28 percent to close at $6.74 after the company announced a collaboration agreement with BioSense global. Rexahn will an receive undisclosed upfront payment.
QUALCOMM Incorporated (NASDAQ: QCOM) gained 23.21 percent to close at $70.45 amid reports the company has settled its royalty dispute with Apple.
LogicBio Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: LOGC) rose 22.69 percent to close at $13.25.
StoneMor Partners L.P. (NYSE: STON) shares gained 18.8 percent to close at $4.55.
IMV Inc. (NASDAQ: IMV) climbed 19.2 percent to close at $3.85.
Asure Software, Inc. (NASDAQ: ASUR) rose 16.34 percent to close at $8.26.
Limbach Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: LMB) gained 11.11 percent to close at $8.50 after announcing Q4 results.
UP Fintech Holding Limited (NASDAQ: TIGR) shares rose 14.52 percent to close at $22.00. Shares of several Chinese companies traded higher following upbeat home price data from China. Trade negotiations with the USA appeared to help lift sentiment.
scPharmaceuticals Inc. (NASDAQ: SCPH) rose 14.52 percent to close at $2.84.
Amyris, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMRS) gained 14.49 percent to close at $3.95.
Helius Medical Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ: HSDT) rose 14.29 percent to close at $2.64.
Liquid Media Group Ltd. (NASDAQ: YVR) gained 13.92 percent to close at $3.11.
ArQule, Inc. (NASDAQ: ARQL) climbed 12.71 percent to close at $6.65.
Viomi Technology Co., Ltd (NASDAQ: VIOT) gained 12.6 percent to close at $13.49.
McDermott International, Inc. (NYSE: MDR) rose 12.58 percent to close at $10.29 after the company and joint venture partner Chiyoda announced that Train 1 of the Cameron LNG project reached the final commissioning stage.
Key Energy Services, Inc. (NYSE: KEG) rose 11.73 percent to close at $3.81.
CEL-SCI Corporation (NYSE: CVM) gained 11.21 percent to close at $5.95.
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Catch the Vision, Share the Joy!!
In one of my recent sermons, I shared with you a quote by Mahatma Gandhi: "I like your Christ, I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ." I do not take this quote as being a statement against Christianity, but rather as a reminder that we often fall short of following the way of Christ!
This Lenten season we have focused on how the perfect love of God will cast out fear. This love is not only for our family, friends or us, but also for our neighbors, our enemies, and those who are different from us.
Jesus gives us a new commandment—-to love one another! Some might respond to Jesus, "No way!" Others might ask, "How can we do this?" We are able to have love for one another because it is a gift to us from God! We are reminded of this gift as we journey with Christ to the cross. On Good Friday we will recall the betrayal, arrest, crucifixion, and burial of Christ. The cross becomes a symbol of God's love for all people. It is also reminds us that we are people of love because we are disciples of Jesus Christ!
We will move from the darkness and gloom of Good Friday to the light and glory of Easter morning! The good news of Easter is that death does not have the final word, but rather life and love cast out all fear! We are then called to be Easter people, empowered to share the love of the Risen Christ to all people! I invite you to journey with us during Holy Week. We will enter Jerusalem with Jesus and recall his humility and humanity as he rides in on a donkey. We will gather to worship to seek healing and peace from God. We will gather at the Lord's Table to remember that final meal Jesus had with his disciples. We will then hear the account of Jesus' arrest, death, and burial from all four gospels.
These services are important steps along the journey. We cannot move from the shout of "hosanna" to the shout of "alleluia"! I hope you will make the Holy Week journey apart of your spiritual practice this year!
On Easter morning we will celebrate the resurrection of Christ and proclaim that Christ is alive! We will hear the good news in the scriptures, sermon, and hymns of the day. We will feast on the life of Christ through the broken bread and the cup of blessing. We will then be sent out as Easter people to have love for one another!


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Also this week: the pluses and minuses of preregistering your research, does more pressure to publish really make publication bias worse, the first "man on the street", and more.
Andrew Gelman on what makes for good exploratory research. I think this is really important to think about. On the one hand, there are strong arguments that hypothesis development is at least as important as hypothesis testing, and that both are badly degraded if you try to treat the former as the latter (intentionally or not). On the other hand, exploratory studies can be done badly even when they're not disguised as confirmatory studies. The fact that a study is exploratory doesn't get it off the hook for being badly thought out or poorly designed or boring or whatever. And there's the somewhat orthogonal question of whether we need to publish more exploratory studies, and if so in what form. Brian and I chatted about this a long time ago in the comments here.
Margaret Kosmala preregistered one of her research projects. Her thoughts on the pluses and minuses.
"The senior guy in my field acts like a total jerk sometimes. What should I do?" From economics, and somewhat specific to that field, but much of the advice generalizes.
Quit saying that one field is "broader" than another.
The Dutch Royal Academy is holding two special elections to which only women can be nominated.
I would think that for exploratory studies of ecological questions the regional publications (Southeastern Naturalist et al.) or some society journals (Copeia) would be the perfect outlet.
The Gelman link and Brian's early praise of exploratory studies are on the mark. I think this comment reflects a common misunderstanding of exploratory studies generally and a common opinion that exploratory studies are not of broad interest. By contrast, many papers published in top ecology and evolution journals are exploratory; they are embedded (naively?) within a hypothesis driven Intro and discussion because this is how the fields teach and mentor students (hypothesis driven research!). Most of these hypotheses I would consider extremely weak and fuzzy so just about any result is a "prediction". On my more cynical days I wonder how many of the "predictions" are results that become predictions as the patterns emerge during the data exploration.
I think you, Brian, and I all agree that publishing exploratory studies dressed up as confirmatory studies is a bad idea.
Years ago I linked to a sobering/depressing study in the business literature that looked at a whole bunch of dissertations in the field, and at the papers arising from those dissertations. People quite commonly dropped, revised, and even reversed their "hypotheses" when going from the dissertation to the published version, as needed to make the data match the hypotheses.
Whether and how to publish exploratory studies if they weren't dressed up as confirmatory is a different question, I think. One could take the view that since they're really exploratory and we're happily publishing them in leading ecology journals already, we should just keep publishing them but make sure they're written and presented in such a way as to make clear their exploratory nature. Or, one could take the view that those studies were only published in selective, widely-read ecology journals because of their confirmatory disguises, and that they would be less worth publishing in such venues if they were openly exploratory.
It's not clear to me that many ecologists would want to see lots of hypothesis-generating papers published in leading journals, if those papers were openly written that way. After all, we already have many such papers–they're called theory papers. They're mostly published either in theory journals, or in Am Nat. (At least, that's what ecologists think: https://dynamicecology.wordpress.com/2015/03/25/ecologists-think-general-ecology-journals-only-want-realistic-theory-and-they-dont-like-that/) I don't think that's a healthy state of affairs, relegating purely hypothesis-generating papers to a separate subsection of the literature. But I do think that's the state of affairs.
Of course, there's more to exploratory work than hypothesis generation. Think for instance of Hatton et al. 2015 Science, which I consider a leading candidate for the George Mercer Award (https://dynamicecology.wordpress.com/2016/10/04/what-papers-should-be-considered-for-the-2017-george-mercer-award/). It compiles a *lot* of data to demonstrate an unexpected pattern quite convincingly. And it rules out the most obvious hypothesis to explain that pattern, but isn't able to generate any new hypothesis to explain it. I think it's a great paper–but is it "exploratory"? Yes and no. No, in the sense that the data analysis isn't tentative or preliminary. No in the sense that it does test a hypothesis. And no in the sense that it doesn't develop a new hypothesis (it's not hypothesis-generating). Yes, in the sense that it's not presented as (and I don't think was originally planned as) a hypothesis-testing study. And yes in the sense that it raises a question rather than answering one. It gives theory a target to shoot at.
One application of thinking about exploratory or observational designs is for long-term monitoring in context of global change. We can all agree (I hope) that if our descendants 100 years from now were not to have access to consistent data runs about ecosystems over the intervening 100 years, that would be a pretty shocking failure on the part of our current generation.
Ordinarily when a research program is getting under way, there'll be a chorus of advice saying the first thing you have to do is spell out what the question is, and only then can you design the research. But the problem is, we don't know what questions our descendants 100 years from now will have on their minds.
The situation is often compounded because anytime it looks as though long-term funding might be available, lots of people will put up their hands for their favourite measurement or organism. (And I don't blame them — I'm sure they sincerely believe that measurement or organism is really important, otherwise they wouldn't be working on it.) But it's going to be difficult to get consensus across the research community.
Anyhow, I think it's a really interesting challenge how to work out what sort of ecological monitoring systems to set up, in order for knowledge to be advanced some time in the future by people who aren't born yet.
This is a very interesting question Mark.
There's an analogy here to paleontology. A common criticism of paleontology is that it's just not possible to learn that much about extinct organisms from fossils. Too much information has been lost. And that's true to some extent–but it's *really* hard to say *precisely* to what extent. After all, probably nobody would've imagined that could reliably infer, say, the coloration of a dinosaur–until some clever paleontologist figured out how to do it ("black stripes", as I recall).
And of first order importance as well. It's the large scale inventory and monitoring programs, often by government agencies, that collect the really important, primary, observational data that are going to inform us as to what's actually happening out there. Particularly studies on this or that species or system by 100 different research teams here and there cannot help but suffer from non-standardized methods and the lack of a unifying direction and standardized data collection and analysis protocol. Then, after the fact, we have to try to make sense of all that stuff by various meta-analyses, possibly without the raw data even being available, working from tables and graphs, etc. NOT the way to make progress.
Although a lot of these monitoring data are inherently of a time series nature, I don't think that's even necessary, as long as there's a commitment to collect quality data whenever it IS collected. Even just a couple of high quality time points can do wonders–it's always the first few data points that inform the most, and if you document it well, you set up the possibility of future repeats whenever the resources come available. I'm doing exactly that right now using two forest demography data sets collected just one time each, over a century or more ago, but documented well enough to allow very specific analyses of several kinds. One of these was not even collected by people interested in forests.
I agree with your 2nd comment that we know what to measure–it's obvious. We're not trying to test exotic ecological theories here, we're trying to simply document what's going on out there, because that's always the critical step one and it kills two birds with one stone as well. The real problem is getting a system in place (agencies, money, coordination, commitment) to collect the desired biological and physical data in a very coordinated, and perhaps model-designed, way. Thus even now, the best of monitoring systems, e.g FIA, are completely independent of say climatological or bird monitoring or air quality systems.
Until you bring large and coordinated resources together under a definite and committed plan, you just end up with a random and weird set of jigsaw puzzle pieces and a lot of arguing.
2. Go for things that seem obviously important to the ecosystem because they contribute biomass and physical structure — like say trees, in the case of forest ecosystems.