text:
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Charles-Marie Widor: Symphonie pour orgue No. 1 op. 13, 12 Feuillets d'album pour piano op. 31
Artist(s): Simone Vebber
Composer: Charles-Marie Widor
EAN Code: 7.46160665825
Edition: Da Vinci Classics
Instrumentation: Organ, Piano
Period: Romantic
Sound Engineer: Marco Ober
Charles-Marie Widor: Symphonie pour orgue No. 1 op. 13, 12 Feuillets d'album pour piano op. 31 quantity
SKU: C00229 Category: Da Vinci Classics
Simone Vebber
Charles-Marie Widor
Organ, Piano
Marco Ober
Organists are frequently asked a question by curious listeners and by church-goers who have only a shallow knowledge of music: "What difference is there between a piano and an organ?". Indeed, the contrary question is much more easily answered: what the piano and the organ do have in common is little more than the sequence of white and black keys. Everything else, including the means by which sound is produced and how it is regulated in volume, timbre and articulation, is entirely and dramatically different.
Therefore, even though many pianists can play the organ and vice-versa, a performer who can master both instruments at a truly professional level is very rarely found. Using one's ten fingers to press the keys represents just the basics of both instruments. The mark of accomplished pianists is their touch, i.e. their capability to fine-tune the attack of the fingers on the key in order to modify both the intensity and the quality of the sound. To these ends, pianists also make use of the pedals, which can be used, in turn, in various degrees and combinations. On the other hand, the organ's pedalboard is, to all purposes, one further keyboard on which the organist's feet play adroitly; a variety of devices – first and foremost the organ's stops – are employed in order to intervene on the quality and quantity of sound. If pianists frequently complain about the quasi-impossibility of playing on their own instrument in concert halls, and about the consequent necessity of acquainting themselves with new pianos on every occasion, organists need to carefully study each new instrument they need to play, since the differences between two given organs can match those between a Baroque string orchestra on period instruments and a modern symphony orchestra.
Indeed, Charles-Marie Widor (Lyons, 1845 – Paris, 1937) saw the organ precisely in this way: as a full orchestra whose immense variety of sounds was only waiting for a skilled organist to awaken it. Widor came from a family of organists and organ builders, and therefore was deeply acquainted with the secrets of the organ and of organ-making since a very young age. The Widor family numbered, among its friends, Aristide Cavaillé-Coll (1811-1899), one of the greatest organ-builders of all times and the creator of the French Romantic organ – a new variety of instruments with a previously unimaginable power, flexibility, personality. Some of the most imposing organs in the French cathedrals and basilicas were created or improved by him, including that of Notre Dame in Paris (which rather miraculously survived the devastating fire destroying the cathedral's roof in April 2019).
Cavaillé-Coll acted as a mentor for young Widor, advising him to move to Brussels in order to study with Jaak Lemmens and with François-Joseph Fétis; later, Cavaillé-Coll actively supported Widor and succeeded in obtaining for him, in 1870, an appointment at the church of Saint-Sulpice. That same church was home to one of Cavaillé-Coll's masterpieces, which had been inaugurated only a few years earlier, in 1862. It was (and still is) a monumental instrument, practically unmatched at the time of its building, and which was furnished with more than a hundred stops and almost seven thousand pipes (among its many features). Widor's provisional appointment at Saint-Sulpice (where he was initially employed for one year) led him to a six-decades-long job in that church: it can be said, therefore, that the Saint-Sulpice organ was the source of inspiration, the working tool and the ideal setting for all of Widor's numerous organ compositions.
It was, in short, Widor's own, and almost always available orchestra. This magnificent instrument stimulated his imagination and suited it perfectly; it provided him with an almost limitless palette of colours, shades and combinations. Significantly, Widor explicitly acknowledged the role of the Cavaillé-Coll organs in the preface to his collected Organ Symphonies, praising enthusiastically the numerous innovations their builder brought to the instrument and stating:
From this result: the possibility of confining an entire division in a sonorous prison – opened or closed at will –, the freedom of mixing timbres, the means of intensifying them or gradually tempering them, the freedom of tempos, the sureness of attacks, the balance of contrasts, and, finally, a whole blossoming of wonderful colours – a rich palette of the most diverse shades: harmonic flutes, gambas, bassoons, English horns, trumpets, celestes, flute stops and reed stops of a quality and variety unknown before. The modern organ is essentially symphonic. The new instrument requires a new language, an ideal other than scholastic polyphony. It is no longer the Bach of the Fugue whom we invoke, but the heard-rending melodist, the pre-eminently expressive master of the Prelude, the Magnificat, the B-minor Mass, the Cantatas, and the St. Matthew Passion. […] Henceforth one will have to exercise the same care with the combination of timbres in an organ composition as in an orchestral work [transl. John R. Near].
Baroque organs, in Widor's view, had just a "black and white" quality; modern organs had infinite nuances. By reading his words, one perceives clearly the feeling of quasi-intoxication he enjoyed when playing on, and writing for, his great organ. Thus, his Organ Symphonies bear this unusual name not by virtue of their formal structure (particularly the first ones are akin to Suites rather than to Sonata forms), but rather in consideration of their rich, gorgeous and generous instrumentation. Indeed, as Widor himself seemed to state in the same Preface, the organ has the orchestra's advantages without its limitations: it has a similar variety of sound but without the risk of imprecision ("promiscuity", in Widor's words) produced by the high number of performers.
His First Symphony, recorded here (written in 1872 and frequently revised in the following years), seems to thoroughly relish the inebriating resources of Widor's organ. It comprises seven movements: most of them have a well-defined style (which undergoes developments and modifications but normally remains rather homogeneous within a single movement), and together they seem to compose a rainbow of contrasting colours. The opening Prélude is a majestic piece with evident reminiscences of Baroque features, with its refined counterpoint and its legato/staccato articulation. By contrast, the following Allegro has a more virtuoso and complex structure, in an A-B-A form and in a brisk triple meter. The Intermezzo suggests Mendelssohnian atmospheres; the organ's gigantic power is bended here to an extreme delicacy, brilliancy and lightness, occasionally interrupted by stormy forte passages, in a whirling perpetuum mobile. The Adagio, instead, is a more intimate and lyrical piece, alluding to the Pastorale style in spite of its complex chromatic wanderings. A still different mood is that of the fifth movement, Marche Pontificale, where the organ displays its fullest sonorities and the solemn grandiosity of its enthralling sound; this is juxtaposed, however, with contrasting sections weaving a complex fabric of styles. Once more, the following Méditation opens an entirely different perspective: this piece, vaguely reminiscent of Bach's Prelude n. 8 in the Well-Tempered Clavier, vol. I, is a slow and touching piece in a compound metre. The closing Finale is a quick-paced and self-assured allegro whose heavily chromatic subject touches almost all the twelve semitones; its extremely complex harmonic and polyphonic treatment gives way, in the conclusion, to the certainty of a stately C-major chord.
By way of contrast, the 12 Feuillets d'album – a collection of twelve miniature pieces for the piano – display this instrument in one of the social functions it had in the nineteenth century: while the organ was essentially a public instrument, and was almost exclusively played by men, the piano was the favourite domestic instrument, and it was a favourite pastime of the well-educated girls and women. It is indeed to a female friend, Miss Leila Morse, that these delightful short pieces are dedicated; and even though they display, in turn, an ample variety of moods and styles, both their titles and their content are more subdued and more intimate than those found in the massive Organ Symphony. Lilas is a tender Andantino, whose skilful polyphonic writing is almost hidden beneath its deceivingly simple façade. Papillons bleus is a joyful and brilliant piece, whose title and style allude to the eponymous pieces by Robert Schumann. Chanson matinale features an exquisite melody, accompanied by a rocking syncopated rhythm, while Drame is one of the most technically demanding and effective pieces, with bold octave passages and large chords. Nuit sereine is reminiscent of Liszt's masterful treatment of the arpeggios and of the melodies revealed behind their cascades; Valse lente is a composed, noble and majestic dance, full of nobility and slightly supercilious. In the second volume, Solitude has a delicate feeling of nostalgia over an idiomatic and interesting rhythmical ostinato; Bruits d'ailes is an etude-like piece, evoking fluttering wings and enchanted atmospheres. Pensée displays the expressive value of rubato, here prescribed in detail through the use of continuing and slightly anxious syncopations; Ciel gris is a rather slow and despondent piece, suggesting a feeling of ennui and an almost Baudelairian spleen. Marche américaine, one of the best-known pieces in the series, is another march: by comparing it with Marche pontificale in the Organ Symphony it is possible to observe Widor's skill in subtly differentiating between the military and excited atmosphere of the piano piece and the religious solemnity of its organistic counterpart. Finally, Myosotis closes the cycle on a note similar to that of the opening piece: two flowers, with their beautiful simplicity and their delicate elegance, encase this refined collection.
On the one hand, then, this CD is one of the most complete and concise demonstrations of "what is the difference between a piano and an organ"; on the other, however, the pairing of the "symphonic organ work" with the "domestic piano cycle" shows the versatility and accomplishment of both the composer and the performer of these complementary and drastically different works.
Album Notes by Chiara Bertoglio
Simone Vebber, was born in Trento, 1983. He has studied Ancient Organ with L. Ghielmi and in the Accademia Internazionale di Musica in Milan. He graduated in Organ, Piano (cum laude) at the Conservatory "F. A. Bonporti" of Trento (Italy), and he received the "Diplome de Concert" at the Schola Cantorum of Paris, studying with J. P. Imbert and he had the First Prize with P. Pincemaille at the class "Organ Improvisation" at the CNR of Saint-Maur (Paris). He participated in the Interpretation Masterclasses with L.Lohmann, J. C. Zehnder, Bine Bryndorf, Brett Leighton, and P. D. Peretti. He won 1st Prize in Alessandria - Italy, in Pistoia – Italy, 1st Grand Prize and Public Prize at the "J. S. Bach Organ Competition" in Saint Pierre lès Nemour – France in 2005, 1st Prize at the "J.J.Fux" international organ competition in Graz 2010 (A), and the "J.S. Bach Prize" at the St. Albans Competition 2011. He has recorded for Suonare Records, Radio Vaticana, Diapason Edition, Mascioni, ORF and Discantica. He played concert in many Organ Festival (Wien,Tokyo, Riga, Paris, Milan, Rome, Warsaw, Rio de Janerio, etc.) He played as soloist with important orchestras like the Mozart Orchestra condacted by Claudio Abbado.
Charles-Marie Widor (b Lyons, 21 Feb 1844; d Paris, 12 March 1937). French organist, composer and teacher known primarily for his organ symphonies. His mother was of Italian ancestry, and his paternal grandfather was an organ builder of Hungarian descent; his father was both an organ builder and performer who gave Widor his first lessons. The boy showed great ability and at the age of 11 became the organist at the lycée in Lyons. Upon the recommendation of Cavaillé-Coll, Widor went to Brussels, where he studied composition with Fétis and the organ with J.-N. Lemmens. Lemmens, who was the most recent member of a line of teachers connected directly to Bach, taught him traditional German interpretations of Bach to which he remained loyal for the rest of his life. He played the organ at St François in Lyons from 1860 and performed frequently in the provinces until 1870, when he was given a provisional one-year appointment succeeding Louis Lefebure-Wély at St Sulpice in Paris; there he remained for 64 years. In the 1870s he produced numerous compositions in various genres, and in 1880 his first stage work, the ballet La korrigane, was successfully produced at the Paris Opéra. At about the same time he became a music critic for the daily L'estafette, signing his articles with the pen name 'Aulétès'. He also conducted the Concordia, a choral society which specialized in oratorios. On the death of Franck in 1890, Widor became professor of organ at the Paris Conservatoire; six years later, when Théodore Dubois assumed direction of the Conservatoire, Widor replaced him as professor of composition. He was elected to the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1910 and became the permanent secretary four years later. During World War I he used his numerous contacts to obtain money for artists who had suffered misfortunes. In 1916 he introduced the idea of founding the Casa Vélazquez, a counterpart to the Villa Medicis, at which French artists could study Spanish culture. This project came to fruition at Madrid but the building was apparently destroyed in the 1930s. Widor continued to perform regularly until the age of 90; he was succeeded at St Sulpice by Marcel Dupré.
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Q: Increasing image width across different section tags? I am currently using grid for a personnal project. I need help resizing my images width when in desktop view to fit all of the page width instead of taking half of it.
I need the image to go from this to this desired outcome but I can't figure it out on my own.
Here's a code snippet of the issue :

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    cursor: default;
}

html {
    font-size: 16px;
}

html,
body {
    min-height: 100vh;
    margin: 0;

}

::selection {
    background: #000;
    color: #fff;
}

body {
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;
    padding: 1.5rem 0 0 2rem;
    background:#000;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #777;
}

a {
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: #777;
}

a[href]:hover {
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #444;
}

h1,
.h1,
h4,
.h4 {
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-top: 0;
    color: #000;
}

h1,
.h1 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #fff;
}

h4,
.h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin: 0 0 .75rem;
    color: #fff;
}

p {
    margin: 0 0 2rem;
}

dd {
    margin: 0;
}

ul {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

li {
    list-style-type: none;
    margin: 0 0 .25rem;
}

.shell {
    grid-template-columns: 44rem 15rem 15rem;
    grid-column-gap: 4rem;
    display: grid;
}

.widget {
    margin: 0 0 2.5rem;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
    .shell {
        grid-template-columns: 24rem;
        grid-template-rows: auto;
        grid-column-gap: 0;
        grid-row-gap: 0;
    }
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 450px) {
    .shell {
        grid-template-columns: 100%;
        padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem 0;
        font-size: 1.0625rem;
    }
    h4,
    .h4 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
}

.responsive {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <meta content="A product designer and full-stack developer from the UK." name="description">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
    <meta property="og:description" content="Studying design and business at Griffith University in tropical Brisbane, Australia.">
    <meta property="og:title" content="Noel Emmanuel">
    <link href="./info_files/style.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <title>NOEL EMMANUEL - INFO</title>

Site header

a design student in Brisbane, Australia.

Things I can do

Visual Design, Art Direction, Branding, Websites, Event Design, Identity, Naming, Print, Writing, Design Strategy, Social Media & Typography.

Contact

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Here's the issue on JSFiddle as well.

A: Is adding new width for section with images not an option?
//html

//css
#img-sec {
  width: 82rem;
}

#my-img {
  width: 40rem;
  display: block;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

A: Simply set this CSS to your sections when in desktop view : grid-column: span 3; or grid-column: 1 / -1;.
Next time, be a bit more thorough with your research, you could have found this duplicate of your question that answers it pretty well already : How do I make the first grid item span 100%?

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    cursor: default;
}

html {
    font-size: 16px;
}

html,
body {
    min-height: 100vh;
    margin: 0;

}

::selection {
    background: #000;
    color: #fff;
}

body {
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;
    padding: 1.5rem 0 0 2rem;
    background:#000;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #777;
}

a {
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: #777;
}

a[href]:hover {
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #444;
}

h1,
.h1,
h4,
.h4 {
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-top: 0;
    color: #000;
}

h1,
.h1 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #fff;
}

h4,
.h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin: 0 0 .75rem;
    color: #fff;
}

p {
    margin: 0 0 2rem;
}

dd {
    margin: 0;
}

ul {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

li {
    list-style-type: none;
    margin: 0 0 .25rem;
}

.shell {
    grid-template-columns: 44rem 15rem 15rem;
    grid-column-gap: 4rem;
    display: grid;
}

.widget {
    margin: 0 0 2.5rem;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {

    section {
        grid-column: span 3;
        /* grid-column: 1 / -1; works as well */
    }

}

@media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
    .shell {
        grid-template-columns: 24rem;
        grid-template-rows: auto;
        grid-column-gap: 0;
        grid-row-gap: 0;
    }
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 450px) {
    .shell {
        grid-template-columns: 100%;
        padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem 0;
        font-size: 1.0625rem;
    }
    h4,
    .h4 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
}

.responsive {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <meta content="A product designer and full-stack developer from the UK." name="description">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
    <meta property="og:description" content="Studying design and business at Griffith University in tropical Brisbane, Australia.">
    <meta property="og:title" content="Noel Emmanuel">
    <link href="./info_files/style.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <title>NOEL EMMANUEL - INFO</title>

Site header

a design student in Brisbane, Australia.

Things I can do

Visual Design, Art Direction, Branding, Websites, Event Design, Identity, Naming, Print, Writing, Design Strategy, Social Media & Typography.

Contact

Email

Insta

A: Looking at your code on JSFiddle, I found that you should use this code:

#img-section {
    width: 82rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
    .shell {
        grid-template-columns: 24rem;
        grid-template-rows: auto;
        grid-column-gap: 0;
        grid-row-gap: 0;
    }

    #img-section {
      width: 24rem;
    }
}

In this matter, you'll be using all the full width for the images section:
44rem + 4rem + 15rem + 4rem + 15rem = 82rem
These are values of .shell on the grid-template-columns property.
Hope this is what you were achieving for.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This responds to your request for an interpretation of the conspicuity requirements in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 131, School Bus Pedestrian Safety Devices. According to your letter, a State has requested that you use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to outline the word "STOP" on the stop arm blade. That State believes such lighting would increase the sign's conspicuity in certain weather conditions. In your letter and in an October 2, 1995, telephone conversation with Mr. Paul Atelsek of my staff, you expressed your concerns that using LEDs on stop signal arms may cause confusion and asked whether they are permitted. You raised three specific issues relating to viewing angles, legibility from certain distances, and inconsistencies among various jurisdictions.
The short answer to your question is that the LEDs could comply with our standard, but only under certain conditions. As you are aware, S5.3 Conspicuity states that "The stop signal arm shall comply with either S5.3.1 or S5.3.2, or both." Either method of providing conspicuity is by itself sufficient. I will discuss how the presence of LEDs relates to each of these options and then address your specific questions below.
Section S5.3.1 sets forth the requirements of the reflectorization option, stating that "[t]he entire surface of both sides of the stop signal arm shall be reflectorized with type III retroreflectorized material . . . ." LEDs would appear on the surface of the arm but could not, as far as we know, qualify as type III retroreflectorized material. Therefore, LEDs are not permissible when compliance depends upon the reflectorization option.
Section S5.3.2, which references S6.2, sets forth requirements addressing flashing lamps. Section S6.2 specifies the lamp's color, flash rate, and on-off time. These rather specific requirements reflect the importance of consistency in any signage or labeling requirement. However, we do not see anything intrinsic about LEDs that would preclude their use in stop signal arms with flashing lamps. As long as the familiar flashing lamps are used, we do not believe that interstate confusion would result from the addition of LEDs. Note that we do not consider the use of LEDs as an "optional" method of compliance with S5.3.2, because the LEDs would not be centered on the vertical centerline at the top and bottom of the stop arm.
You expressed concerns in your letter about the narrow viewing angle of LEDs compared to incandescent lights, and about the legibility of the LEDs at a distance. Since the LEDs would be used as a supplement to a standard method of compliance (i.e., flashing lamps), a diminished viewing angle is not important. We assume manufacturer's quality control practices would prevent uneven viewing angles from LED to LED within a given stop arm. While your concerns about the legibility of the word "STOP" at a distance are important, they do not seem to relate to the presence or absence of the LEDs unless the LEDs reduce the legibility of the word. If you have data indicating that the size or spacing of the letters needs to be increased to achieve greater legibility at a distance, you may petition NHTSA to revise the standard.
I want to raise one potential safety issue, in case you receive a request to design an LED-equipped stop signal with flashing lamps. Certain arrangements of LEDs might affect compliance by impairing the effectiveness of the stop signal arm's flashing lamp. Very closely spaced red LEDs could enhance the readability of the letters in poor visibility conditions. On the other hand, red LEDs spaced every few centimeters around the outline of the 15 cm high letters could appear as a random field of lights (like a Christmas tree), distracting the observer and resulting in diminished readability. Similarly, different flash rates or on-off speeds from installed incandescent lamps might detract from readability by creating a distracting double-flash effect, as you suggest. Whether a particular LED-equipped stop signal arm complies with Standard No. 131 is a matter that can be determined only in the context of an enforcement proceeding.
I hope this information is helpful. If you have any further questions, please feel free to contact Paul Atelsek at this address or by telephone at (202) 366-2992.


text:
Kicking Opioids in Prison
By Mandy Gardner and Paul Frysh
It was Christmas Eve 2017 in Madawaska, Maine, when Brenda Smith noticed $40 right there in the Walmart self-checkout where she was about to pay for her things. Without thinking much about it, she pocketed the money, paid for her items, and walked out the door.
At first, Smith thought of it as a simple matter of "finders keepers," says Maine attorney Andy Schmidt, who worked on Smith's case with Emma Bond from the ACLU. But the police didn't see it that way. They tracked her down from video and payment information and charged her with theft. The facts were undisputed and the judge sentenced her to 40 days in the Aroostook County Jail.
Smith took responsibility for her actions and accepted her sentence once she understood that a previous customer had returned for the money, Schmidt says.
But, Schmidt says, what Smith could not — would not — accept was that the Aroostook County Jail would withhold the medication that was keeping her life together: A twice daily dose of buprenorphine, part of a medication-assisted treatment, or MAT, for opioid use disorder.
Now Smith feared that 5 years of sobriety was about to go up in smoke.
Opioid Use Disorder in the U.S.
Smith was right to worry. Opioid use disorder, or OUD, killed about 80,000 Americans in 2021. That's more Americans than died in all of the Vietnam War. The fallout from lost wages, lost productivity, medical bills, incarceration, and wrecked families is almost impossible to calculate.
And the rate of OUD in U.S. jails and prisons is more than 7 times higher than in the regular population.
So it's no surprise that opioid overdose is the leading cause of death among people released from prison. In fact the chance of overdose death for someone leaving prison is, by some accounts, more than 100 times greater than for the average person (see sidebar: What Happens After Prison).
And even if they avoid an overdose, people with untreated OUD can become a burden to their families and communities after release. They are more likely to engage in crime, domestic violence, and risky behaviors that can spread infections like HIV and hepatitis. They're also more likely to end up back in jail or prison.
Clearly, says Schmidt, Smith didn't want to end up another statistic.
A Constitutional Right to Care
A landmark 1976 Supreme Court ruling (Estelle v. Gamble) gives people in U.S. jails and prisons a constitutional right to health care, including for substance use disorder.
Smith's treatment, MAT, is the gold standard for OUD. MAT includes one of three FDA-approved medications — methadone, buprenorphine (Suboxone), or naltrexone (Vivitrol) — along with mental health counseling. (Doctors refer to the medications by themselves as MOUDs, short for Medications for Opioid Use Disorder.)
And it's a proven treatment. Studies show that MAT cuts the risk of overdosing and reduces both relapse and future crimes and arrests. A recent study found that people with OUD who got MAT in New York City prisons were 80% less likely to die from an overdose in the month after their release from prison.
So you might think Smith, with a clearly diagnosed condition and a physician prescribed treatment, would be able to continue her successful treatment in prison.
But that wasn't the case. As in many jails and prison systems across the country, MAT simply wasn't available for Smith.
"The jail wanted to force her through withdrawal from her medication," Schmidt says.
Maine attorney Andy Schmidt worked on Brenda Smith's federal case.
Smith knew what that meant. She told the court that a previous forced withdrawal from her medication caused the worst pain she's known and led to suicidal thoughts for the first time in her life.
And yet for Smith, it wasn't the physical torture of withdrawal that frightened her most, it was the risk of rekindling her abuse of opioids. "She knew losing her medication posed a threat to her future, and especially to her ability to care for her children," he says.
That's why Smith and her legal team went directly to federal court — to try to force Aroostook County to provide her prescribed medicine. That delayed Smith's sentence and meant she didn't have to worry about her OUD or withdrawal symptoms — at least not until a federal judge ruled on the matter.
Why Is Drug Treatment So Uneven?
It starts with the wording of the standard itself: The state cannot meet the health care needs of those in prison with "deliberate indifference," according to the majority decision in Estelle v. Gamble.
"But what that means is extremely subjective," says Brendan Saloner, PhD, associate professor in health policy and management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The case law of individual jurisdictions determines the meaning of that standard, and that case law can vary wildly, Saloner says. That's why medical care in prison, including for OUD, can be so uneven from one state to the next. Even in states where MAT is available, treatment options vary. Some programs provide all three of the MAT medications, some only one. Some offer counseling to go with the meds and some don't. And experts agree that the medications are not interchangeable — what works for one person may not work for another.
Prison transfers add to the problem. One large Southeastern state made over 20,000 inmate transfers in 2020 alone, according to a study (that didn't name the state).
It's also a problem of resources, says Elizabeth Salisbury-Afshar, MD, MPH, associate professor of family medicine and community health at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison.
Drug treatment programs, especially for opioid misuse, may require special licenses and lots of staff, Salisbury-Afshar says. Qualified personnel must watch as an inmate takes their daily methadone, for example. That can be a problem, Salisbury-Afshar says, "especially in smaller jails, where there often isn't consistent medical staffing."
Justice Department: OUD Is a Disability
In 2019, the Federal Court for the District of Maine ruled the Aroostook County Jail had to provide MAT care to Brenda Smith during her sentence. In her opinion in favor of Smith, the judge wrote that since becoming sober with the help of MAT, Smith had "regained custody of her four children, secured stable housing for her family, and obtained employment. She has earned her high school diploma and has begun to take college courses."
The judge ruled that failure to continue her treatment would cause "serious and irreparable harm" to Smith, and would violate the Americans With Disabilities Act.
A federal judge ruled Aroostook County Jail had to continue MAT care to Brenda Smith during her sentence.
In the end, Aroostook County suspended the sentence, so Smith didn't have to serve at all. But the ADA violation was key to the ruling and will change the way similar cases are treated in the future, says David Sinkman, former assistant U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana.
"Opioid use disorder is a disability — like diabetes," Sinkman says.
"No jail or prison would deny a diabetic person insulin, yet the vast majority of the nation's correctional facilities prevent people with OUD from receiving this doctor-prescribed and lifesaving treatment," says Sinkman, who was both the opioid and civil rights coordinator for his office.
"This is cruel and terrible criminal justice and bad public health policy," Sinkman says. The reluctance to offer MAT is due in part to misguided stereotypes and stigma, he says. Some people — even health care providers — think MAT just replaces an old addiction with a new one. But people typically change their tune once they know the facts, says Sinkman, now a visiting scholar at New York University School of Global Public Health.
That's why the American Medical Association, the National Sheriffs' Association, the American Society of Addiction Medicine, and other major professional organizations have all begun to support MAT as the standard of care for opioid addiction in prisons and jails.
In April 2022, the U.S. Justice Department followed suit. They put out guidance that people in prison with addiction disorders should not be blocked from "evidence-based treatments." That means jails and prisons across the country could risk federal sanction for ADA violations if they don't find a way to provide MAT for those with OUD.
With almost 2 million people in 1,566 state prisons, 102 federal prisons, 2,850 local jails, 1,510 juvenile correctional facilities, 186 immigration detention facilities, and other facilities, it's going to take some time to put these programs into place, Sinkman says.
Still, some states are already moving in that direction. A MAT drug treatment program in Rhode Island now allows any person in the prison system in the state to get cutting-edge treatment for opioid use disorder simply by asking. Even on release, former prisoners have the option to continue treatment in a community setting. Initial results are impressive.
In just the first 6 months of the program, there was a 61% drop in overdose deaths in people leaving prison.
Applied to the entire U.S. prison population, this translates into thousands of lives that could be saved every year. It's important to remember, Sinkman says, that each one of those lives has an individual story to tell — individuals just like Brenda Smith.
Listen to Dr. Brendan Saloner talk about opioid addiction — and treatment options — in prison and beyond, on this episode of WebMD's podcast, Health Discovered.
Detox Is Not Enough
Jails — short term facilities where you go right after arrest — may be the most common site in the country for detox from opioids.
"There's a difference between jails and prisons," says Josiah Rich, MD, professor of medicine and epidemiology at Brown University. "People coming into jail come right off the street and would have a withdrawal issue." Some jails provide medical care to assist with detox, and some leave people to detox on their own.
But either way, detox typically is not enough to recover from a substance use disorder, says Rich. In fact, "cold turkey" with detox and no further treatment fails 90% of the time. So while a person may successfully detox in jail, long-term recovery is unlikely unless there are additional treatment options.
"One of the challenges is that addiction is a chronic health problem," says Elizabeth Salisbury-Afshar, MD, MPH, associate professor of family medicine and community health at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison. "It's not like you wake up tomorrow and you never use again. It's a relapsing-remitting condition like many other chronic conditions. You have to be able to continue treatment."
In fact, detox by itself (without substance misuse treatment) can actually raise the risk of overdose for people with opioid addiction.
This can happen more quickly than people realize because detox lowers the body's tolerance for opioids very quickly.
"That's a problem," says Rich, because after you detox, a dose that was "safe" for you weeks or even days earlier can suddenly become enough to kill you.
What Happens After Prison?
People are more likely to succeed with sobriety if they can continue treatment after release.
And yet fewer than half of state and federal prisons connect recovering addicts with MAT programs after their release, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
"If you get started on buprenorphine and get released back to the county, there may be nothing there," says Rich from Brown. Sometimes this is simply a result of not having community services nearby. Nearly half the counties in the country, Rich says, don't have anyone licensed to prescribe buprenorphine.
This is a particularly serious problem in the 2 weeks after release from prison when the risk of overdose is particularly high.
But here too, the tide is starting to turn. The Federal Bureau of Prisons, for instance, has a re-entry program for those who are receiving drug treatment at the time of their release. Many local jurisdictions also try to help.
There are even efforts to work around the lengthy federal process that jails and prisons must go through to become licensed as an opioid treatment program by working with community treatment centers to help smaller jurisdictions.
Reviewed By Jennifer Casarella, MD, on 10/26/2022
Prison Policy Initiative: "Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie 2022."
SAMHSA: "Highlights for the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health."
Department of Justice Journal of Federal Law and Practice: "Using the Americans with Disabilities Act to Reduce Overdose Deaths."
Addiction: "Association between jail-based methadone or buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder and overdose mortality after release from New York City jails 2011-2017."
David Sinkman, former assistant U.S. attorney and civil rights and opioid coordinator, United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Louisiana; visiting scholar, New York University School of Global Public Health; senior fellow, Northeastern University School of Law.
ACLU: "Over-Jailed and Un-Treated: How the Failure to Provide Treatment for Substance Use in Prisons and Jails Fuels the Overdose Epidemic."
Josiah "Jody" Rich, MD, MPH, professor of medicine and epidemiology, Brown University; director and co-founder, The Center for Health + Justice Transformation, The Miriam and Rhode Island Hospitals, Providence, RI.
Brown University: "Opioid addiction treatment behind bars reduced post-incarceration overdose deaths in Rhode Island."
JAMA Psychiatry: "Postincarceration Fatal Overdoses After Implementing Medications for Addiction Treatment in a Statewide Correctional System."
Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute: "W. J. ESTELLE, Jr., Director, Texas Department of Corrections, et al., Petitioners, v. J. W. GAMBLE."
The Regulatory Review: "Reforming Health Care for Patients in Prison."
Health Affairs: "Lack Of Standardized Chronic Condition Screening For Individuals In Jail."
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health: "Treating Addiction in Jails and Prisons."
National Institute on Drug Abuse: "Criminal Justice DrugFacts."
Brendan Saloner, PhD, associate professor in health policy and management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
National Sheriffs' Association: "Reducing Recidivism With Medication Assisted Treatment In Jails," "Jail-Based Medication-Assisted Treatment: Promising Practices, Guidelines, and Resources for the Field."
Elizabeth Salisbury-Afshar, MD, associate professor, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison.
Bureau of Prisons: "Substance Abuse Treatment."
American Psychological Association: "Inmate Drug Abuse Treatment Slows Prison's Revolving Door."
Drug and Alcohol Dependence: "Recidivism and mortality after in-jail buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder."
The Marshall Project: "A Better Way to Treat Addiction in Jail."
National Institute on Drug Abuse: "Offering buprenorphine medication to people with opioid use disorder in jail may reduce rearrest and reconviction."
Bureau of Justice Assistance: "Managing Substance Withdrawal in Jails: A Legal Brief."
National Public Radio: "County Jails Struggle With A New Role As America's Prime Centers For Opioid Detox."
American Society of Addiction Medicine: "What is the definition of addiction?"
PLOS One: "The association between intersystem prison transfers and COVID-19 incidence in a state prison system."
National Public Radio: "Setting Precedent, A Federal Court Rules Jail Must Give Inmate Addiction Treatment."
American Civil Liberties Union: "Denying Effective Treatment for Opioid Disorder Violates the ADA."
SAMHSA: "Use of Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Criminal Justice Settings."
Texas Department of Criminal Justice: "Rehabilitation Programs Division."
Commonwealth of Kentucky Department of Corrections: "ASK Treatment Modalities."
U.S. Department of Justice: "The Americans with Disabilities Act and the Opioid Crisis: Combating Discrimination Against People in Treatment or Recovery."
Florida Department of Corrections: "Bureau of Substance Use Treatment."
Connecticut State Department of Correction: "Addiction Services."
Substance Abuse: "Pilot test of twelve-step linkage for alcohol-abusing women in leaving jail."
American Medical Association: "AMA calls for access to substance use disorder treatment in prisons, jails."
American Society of Addiction Medicine: "National Practice Guideline For the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder."
National Governors Association: "Expanding Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Corrections and Community Settings."
National Commission on Correctional Health Care: "Jail-Based MAT."
American Correctional Association: "Expanding Access To Medications For Opioid Use Disorder In Corrections And Community Settings."
Pew Trusts: "This State Has Figured Out How to Treat Drug-Addicted Inmates."
SAMHSA: "Reentry Resources for Individuals, Providers, Communities and States."
Transitions Clinic Network.
The Council on Recovery.
Prison Opioid Project: "Resources for Incarcerated People and Community Members."
Formerly INC: "Criminal Justice & Reentry Consultants."
National Reentry Resource Directory.
Prison Fellowship: "Helping Former Prisoners Get Medical Care."
The Sentencing Project: "The Color of Justice: Racial and Ethnic Disparity in State Prisons."
Aroostook County Jail: Alexander MacDougall / Houlton Pioneer Times
Illustration (top art): Iris Johnson
Infographic (U.S. Costs: Substance Abuse Vs. Other Illnesses): Iris Johnson
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I am currently looking to apply to university but am stuck with a dilemma. I have always been interested in a job as a lawyer specialising in crime. However I am also very interested in history, so am undecided what to do. Is there any advice that could be given as I'm stuck between the two and know that at some point I want to become a lawyer or barrister.
Leah Caprani, Junior Lawyers Division, says…
First, I completely understand how difficult choosing a degree can be. Well done for being proactive. The legal profession is currently in desperate need of criminal lawyers due to the legal aid cuts, so it is great that you wish to qualify into that area.
Depending on when you intend to start your degree, you may have a choice as to which route to qualification you can take.
Currently, you can either undertake a qualifying LLB law degree or study another subject (such as history) before converting to law through the GDL conversion course. The GDL is becoming an increasingly popular route into the profession and also applies to aspiring barristers.
There is, however, a new route to qualification, the Solicitors Qualifying Exam (SQE), which will be introduced in autumn 2021. While the finer details of the SQE have not yet been confirmed, generally candidates must pass two separate exams (SQE 1 – a multiple-choice legal knowledge exam and SQE 2 – a soft skills exam). A law degree is not required and it is likely that a similar GDL-like conversion course will be available for non-law students.
The Solicitors Regulation Authority has produced a useful SQE page which explains the routes in more detail and more guidance can be found on the JLD website.
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The Legend of I04
The Man Behind The Legend
PlayStation 4: The Good, The Bad, The Wut
posted by Fuzunga
Never in my life have I seen a console reveal that doesn't actually reveal the console. It was weird, to be sure. Instead, Sony took a significantly different approach from the usual "here's the box and some tech demos". I wasn't blown away, but now that the whole thing's had time to stew, I feel better about it.
GOOD: It's about the gamer, not the living room
Need some ointment for that burn, Microsoft? Obviously this is a jab at the current vision for the Xbox, which is not games. Sony was very clear that the PS4 is about games. Sure, it does other stuff, but they've taken a more Nintendo-focused approach this time. For once, I can't complain about them copying Nintendo.
GOOD: It's developer friendly
The PS3 was impossible to develop for. They brought in some new blood to design the system this time, and it's now based on a PC architecture (x86) which is apparently the most common and recognized development format. What does this mean? It means the PS3 versions won't suck any more. It means it won't take six years for developers to unleash the system's power. It means the PS4 might be the lead development platform next generation. The PS4 will also let companies self-publish digitally.
GOOD: RAM up the wazoo
Eight gigs of DDR5 of unified RAM. What does this mean in normal people terms? Well for one thing, DDR5 is some pretty damn advanced stuff. Your computer probably runs DDR3 unless you've got a fancy gaming rig. This type of RAM is usually GPU only.
Here's a little more perspective on the RAM: The PS3 has 256MB for system and 256MB for graphics. That's not even a leap. That's warp speed to another universe. What this means is that the system can do a ridiculous amount of crap. It's what makes many of the other system's features possible. If you're curious, the 360 has 512MB of shared RAM and the Wii U has 2GB of RAM split between the games and the system os.
GOOD: Streaming technology
Last year, Sony bought streaming tech company Gaikai. Now they've laid out their plans for what they can do with it. There was a lot of potential thrown around, but Sony was quick to point out it won't be hitting all at once, and a lot of this will be down the line. A good move. This way, they won't be seen as giving empty promises if things don't work out. Realistically, this tech will allow the PS4 to be able to stream games and demos. Streaming games will come in handy for a reason I'll get to in a bit, but streaming demos is just plain awesome. Imagine you want to try out a game. Just find the demo and start playing it. That's it. No downloading anything. Theoretically, this would mean developers don't actually have to spend resources to build a demo or cut a chunk out of their game to make into demo form. They can place a time limit on the full game and let you play till it runs out. Awesome.
On the future tech end of things, this will allow you to stream PS4 games to any device, apparently. This includes the Vita, of course, because they want to outdo Nintendo at every turn. They also mentioned being able to remotely control your friend's game to, for example, beat a particularly challenging part for your friend.
GOOD: A new controller
Maybe I'm weird, but the Dualshock was a deal breaker for me this generation. I can't stand that damn thing. I never liked it to begin with on the PS or PS2, but they actually made it worse for the third iteration when they added those awful triggers. It seems that all of my complaints have been addressed with this new controller (still called the Dualshock for some reason). My two main issues were the shape and the sticks. This time, they seem to have given the controller more girth, some (actual) grips, and more width. It actually looks nice to hold. They've redesigned the sticks, though the major cosmetic changes are not why I'm excited. Obviously, they've given the sticks a concavity. I actually prefer convex sticks (like Nintendo's), but have always hated the PlayStation's. Why? Because they're big and goofy. The mushroom tops are way too large, the sticks are too lose, and they're too close together. I don't want to be bumping my thumbs why playing a shooter. They seem to be smaller and set further apart now, and I've heard they have a new feeling, too. Excellent. The dpad looks improved as well, and the overall thing has a nice high-end look to it. I can get used to the stick placement if everything else feels good.
Now, of course, that's not all about this new pad. They've combined start and select into one button to make room for a share button, added a speaker, headphone jack, Move capabilities, and a speaker. Finally, there's that touchpad that seems completely useless but gives the controller some much needed width. I wonder what the battery life on this thing will be.
GOOD: It's still got all those exclusives
The biggest difference (and advantage) the PS3 has over the Xbox 360 is the amount of exclusive games (as long as we're counting retail only). That doesn't seem to have changed at all with the PS4. Sony's exclusive franchises are all still there in force, and there's a brand new one called Knack. Now, this event didn't reveal a bunch of new IPs, but they've got to save something for E3, right? And let's not forget that this system is friendly to 3rd party developers, too. It could be the perfect marriage of cross-platform and exclusives.
GOOD: Video sharing
That share button is pretty controversial, as it was a huge focus. But if there's one thing that can be agreed upon, it's that the video sharing feature is awesome. The PS4 captures video in the background at all times (thanks to all that memory) and allows you to share it by hitting a button on your controller. Both livestreaming and uploading were mentioned. However, the compatible services mentioned weren't too impressive. Instead of Twitch.tv and YouTube, you'll be able to share to (as far as we know right now) Ustream and Facebook. Kind of takes the wind out of the sails, but we'll see when more details are given.
GOOD: It's always on, even when it's off
The PS4 goes into low-power mode when you turn it off, meaning that it can still download and update when you're not using it. More importantly, this means you can suspend your game and pick up exactly where you left off next time you turn your system on.
GOOD: Games
So far, we've got Killzone, Watch_Dogs, and Knack on track for launch day. That's looking pretty good already. Then there's The Witness, which will be a timed exclusive for the PS4 (if other console versions are even made), and Bungie's Destiny with exclusive content for the PS4. The developers are on board!
BAD: Maybe too much social integration
I realize it may be too early to tell, especially with the level of detail we currently have, but it seemed like Sony was making a bit too much emphasis on the social stuff. Sony mentioned something about players using their real name in addition to their PSN IDs. The system will also integrate with Facebook (and probably other services), connect you to your friends at all times, show content from your friends on your dashboard, and let you stalk your friends by seeing what they're playing live, among other things. Of course, they couldn't just jab Microsoft without taking a swing at Nintendo. They called this "the first gaming social network with meaning." Personally, the reason I like Miiverse is because it's isolated. It's just a bunch of gamers getting together to talk about games. My outside life stays uninvolved. Literally nobody ever uses any of those Xbox Facebook services. I'm assuming that this PS4 stuff won't be obtrusive unless you want it to be, but it's to early to tell which way it's going to go.
BAD: No backwards compatibility at all
The PS4 will not be able to play PS3 games because the innards are too different and they don't want to take up system resources to throw in an emulator. It also can't play or transfer any digital games from the PS3 because fuck you. This upsets me as someone who doesn't own a PS3. I can only imagine how PS3 owners feel. If you're a PS Plus subscriber, you're out of luck with all that free stuff you got.
However, there is a possibility of streaming PS3 games in the future. But will you have to buy them again? Personally, I don't like paying for things I can't physically own, even if it's just data. Cloud streaming entitles you to own nothing.
BAD: The user interface
You like the current Xbox 360 interface, right? How about Windows 8? No? Well, that's too bad, because Sony also seems to think that everybody likes grids of squares. Guess what the dashboard looks like.
POTENTIALLY BAD: The touchpad
A few weeks ago, a supposed leaked version the the PS4 controller leaked which contained a rumored touchpad on the face of the controller. Those rumors turned out to be true. Sony didn't go as far as adding a screen on the controller, but we've all seen how well the Vita's touch surface turned out. This will either be completely ignored by developers, shoehorned in, or scare devs away. In the first case, Sony didn't actually say anything about it except for pointing out that it existed. They don't seem to have added it for any other reason than to cover their bases. In the second case, developers will feel the need to add stupid features to make use of the thing–and nobody likes that. In the third case, they'll come down with "Wii U fever" and think that, because they come up with a way to use the touchpad that will revolutionize games forever, they'd rather make no game at all. It could turn out terrible for the PS4, or it could be ignored and used as a trackpad. Who knows.
HMMM: It "plays" used games
We know it won't have some kind of always-online DRM like people were fearing, but how will it handle used games? It won't block them, like the rumors stated, but that's all we know. It will "play" them. But that doesn't mean Sony can't still charge you a fee to make them work by requiring all games to have a key, or something. They were pretty dodgy about this question.
WUT: Background downloads
By that I mean you can download one game while playing another. The Xbox has always been able to do this. Why the PS3 can't is beyond me. It also doesn't do party chat. Probably a RAM thing. Anyway, that's a thing of the past. The PS4 can also, because of a secondary processor, allow you to play partially downloaded games. Cool, I guess? Not sure how much I care about that.
WOW: Killzone Shadow Fall
Killzone has never interested me in the least. It always looked bland and generic. But this? This game? You might have just sold a PS4 to me, Sony. Nice work.
Overall, after thinking it over, the good far outweighs the bad so far, although the bad stuff has the potential to be really bad. I'm now pretty optimistic, though, and very curious to see what Microsoft's got. If they keep on the same path they're on for the current Xbox, I may just (reluctantly) jump ship to Sony. We'll see what happens this fall.
posted at 12:25 AM Categories: features, games, ps4, videos
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Food cravings. Whether you've just started eating clean, or you're further down the track – food cravings can strike at any point in our journey. But where do they come from?
Often, when we succumb to a craving for something less-than-healthy our first instinct is to blame ourselves.
Maybe I just lack willpower?
Maybe I'm just 'weak' around food?
Why do I have no self control?!
What we must emphasise here is that strong food cravings are rarely related to a lack of willpower alone. And while having self-discipline around food is certainly important – the truth is, our cravings are influenced by a number of complex biological, environmental and emotional factors.
To truly overcome our food cravings, we must seek out and address the root cause. Below we'll discuss a few of the possible causes of your food cravings!
Take a moment to consider our evolution. As humans, we are biologically wired + naturally inclined to seek out calorie dense foods from our environment. This drive was important for ensuring our survival during our hunter-gatherer days, when food was scarce and hard to come by. High-fat organ meats, starchy tubers and fruit would have been prized as a source of energy and nutrition.
Fast forward to today – and we have an abundance of calorie dense, processed foods readily available to us. The trouble is, our brain and biological wiring have not changed significantly to account for this new environment. Without the scarcity that was once a limiting factor, we can EASILY over-eat.
What's more, modern processed foods that are nothing like what we could find in nature. Being both high in fat and refined sugar, processed foods overstimulate our tastebuds and can be absorbed very quickly – giving our brain the ultimate fat + sugar hit!
Does the thought of giving up bread or cheese cause you enormous distress?
It might come as a surprise to learn that some of our favourite foods have addictive qualities – namely wheat and dairy, and to a lesser extent rice and corn. During their digestion, gluten (from wheat) and casein (from milk) are broken down in the gut to form what we call exorphins. These are opioid peptides that closely resemble morphine (1).
When exorphins are able to cross the gut and blood-brain-barrier, they attach to opioid receptors throughout the body. These are the same receptors that typically bind endorphins (the molecules that give us a euphoric high).
In the brain, exorphins exert psychological effects and become addictive – literally! This is a BIG reason why so many of us simply cannot fathom giving up cheese and bread… and why removal of these foods can create intense cravings and withdrawal. When you think about it, meat, sweet potatoes and fruit just doesn't have the same addictive appeal!
So why are these foods SO addictive? One reason why milk and other dairy products are thought to contain these exorphins is to encourage the calf to feed from its mother.
Fun fact: it has also been suggested the addictive properties of wheat may have been a driving factor in the adoption of agriculture!
It's been said that the bacteria in our bodies outnumber our human cells by 10:1. It beckons the question… are we the one's in control, or are we just bacteria having a human experience?!
So what's the connection between our gut microbes and food cravings?
Let's put it this way – our microbiome is composed of a number of different strains of bacteria, that are constantly competing with each other to flourish and grow. Each of these strains thrive on different food sources and nutrients. Some may prefer certain types of sugars, carbs or dietary fiber. Now, some scientists are thinking that these bacteria may actually be able to manipulate our eating behaviours (via the gut-brain axis) by causing you to crave the foods they desire.
This just may be why many people with intestinal dysbiosis (such as Candida overgrowth) report experiencing strong sugar cravings.
Craving a savoury bag of potato chips? It could be that you are actually craving salt!
It is not uncommon for many people suffering adrenal fatigue (especially the advanced stages) to report strong cravings for salt. As you may have heard, our adrenal glands help us to respond to stress by secreting a number of hormones including cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline. The adrenals are also involved in regulating our body's fluid and mineral concentrations – including blood-sodium levels.
One way that our adrenals can become overworked is from chronic stress. This forces the adrenals to continuously pump and and maintain high levels of cortisol. Over time, the adrenals can become 'fatigued' and we experience symptoms such as lack of energy, poor sleep, low blood pressure and you guessed it… salt cravings!
This is why is it so important that we support our adrenals and manage our stress as much as possible!
If you find yourself craving a sugary fix come 2PM, it's possible that you're experiencing low blood sugar levels (and blood sugar imbalances).
These days, many of us are riding the blood sugar roller coaster. This happens when we constantly consume foods that cause our blood sugar to rise rapidly and spike insulin (think: processed carbs and refined sugar). As a result, our blood sugar can come crashing down quickly and we experience (reactive) hypoglycaemia.
The result? We feel tired, hangry and in urgent need of our next sugary fix (to bring our blood sugar back up!).
It probably goes without saying that many women experience cravings for chocolate and carbs around the time preceding their period (AKA the luteal phase). While PMS symptoms can be related to a number of different hormonal imbalances (particularly between progesterone and oestrogen), inflammation is also thought to be an underlying factor (3, 4).
Of course, female hormones can be extremely complex (and deserve their own series of posts)! Addressing PMS and food cravings will involve re-balancing hormones and reducing inflammation (through stress management, herbal treatments, reducing environmental toxins, and gut + liver work).
Do you ever find yourself eating when your sad, stressed… or just bored?
Emotional eating is when we eat to distract or "buffer" against any uncomfortable emotion that we don't wish to feel. Rather than using food to fuel and nourish our bodies, we eat against our true hunger cues when we're not hungry (or even full!) to serve as a distraction from our emotional lives.
In this case, it's so important that we address the emotional cause rather than masking it with food. Emotional eating is a big issue that we will be discussing in greater detail in an upcoming post!


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Cybersecurity Predictions for 2021: Robot Overlords No, Connected Car Hacks Yes
Saryu Nayyar | Threatpost.com
While 2021 will present evolving threats and new challenges, it will also offer new tools and technologies that will we hope shift the balance towards the defense.
Predicting the future is always an iffy proposition. There's the Nostradamus route, making predictions so cryptic and vague they could mean just about anything. Or you can go the TV psychic route and throw a handful of darts at the wall, highlighting the ones that stick and hope everyone ignores the many misses.
In cybersecurity, the best we can do is look at trends in attack methodologies, recognize changes in the threatscape, see what new technologies are emerging and offer a best guess about where things will be going forward.
We will get it wrong part of the time. Possibly most of the time. But we are coming at it from the angle of cybersecurity professionals familiar with where we were and where we are, and with some insight into where we're going. Let's hope we can do better than celebrity psychics who never seem to have the foresight to make a mint by picking the next big stock.
With that in mind, here are some predictions about the world of cybersecurity going into 2021. While 2020 makes us inclined to predict that "quantum computing will make machines sentient and the robots will rise up and kill us all," the future does not look that bad.
Ransomware Will Evolve
Cyberattacks have matured over the years, with different trends coming and going. Going into 2021, ransomware will almost certainly remain a big part of the attacker's portfolio, but cybercriminals will continue to "add value" by also stealing data before they encrypt it. We have seen them use this added extortion tactic already, but this will become more of an issue in the healthcare space, where attackers can use stolen patient records to blackmail patients by threatening to release medical histories.
Sadly, continued attacks against healthcare and medical infrastructure will probably lead to serious consequences going into 2021. Someone will likely die as the direct result of a cyberattack. The only positive outcomes here are that the tragic wakeup call will be the impetus needed to beef up defenses in the healthcare space and make law enforcement more aggressive pursuing cybercriminals.
As cybercriminals continue to evolve their business models, they will become bolder and target a broader range of industries. They will still go after targets of opportunity as low-hanging fruit, but expect to see more targeted attacks against companies, and industries, that had not previously considered themselves at high risk. This includes any organization outside the top five: Financial services, government, healthcare, higher education or the energy sector.
Zero-Days and Cryptocurrency
Zero-day attacks against popular operating systems and applications will continue to be an issue too. Developers have become more careful overall, but there is still room for improvement. Bug bounties help (offered by major vendors for people to improve their code), but malicious actors will continue to use their version of the same model and offer high payouts to people who sell them exploits.
Cryptocurrency remains a volatile pseudo-commodity that is favored by privacy advocates and criminals, while it is loathed by government agencies. From the perspective of cybersecurity, cryptominers have become a common payload for attackers simply going after compute resources. We are likely to see more of them going forward.
Governments are already working to regulate the space and 2021 may see legislation seeking to control, if not outright ban, the use of cryptocurrencies. Law-enforcement agencies worldwide will need to cooperate if they are to have any chance of dealing with an ever-growing cybercriminal underground. The criminals' evolving business models may actually make them easier to target by law enforcement.
The IoT Tsunami – and Connected Cars
Internet of things (IoT) devices will continue to live largely unseen and unnoticed as they're compromised. Separate from the larger devices such as medical imaging systems, small IoT devices will remain vulnerable and unpatched, if not unpatchable, as they become ubiquitous. Malicious actors will find new and more creative uses for these devices, possibly finding ways to use them to compromise the cloud-based controllers they frequently rely on.
Something we can look forward to or, rather, worry about, are cyberattacks against the latest generation of connected vehicles. While there have been no known attacks against over-the-air updates to vehicle software, it will become a growing concern as more manufacturers adopt the technology. We are also likely to see attacks against self-driving systems in one form or another.
While proof-of-concept attacks may be nothing more than spoofing an autopilot system into stopping for obstacles that aren't there or following traffic markings into a parking lot, the potential exists for serious attacks against the sensors and software that enable these technologies.
The safety measures in place to protect these advanced systems make external attacks more difficult. The same applies to cloud infrastructures and more modern operating systems. Our defenses are improving, which means attackers are likely to move inside where they can.
Whether this is through bribery or account compromise, both things we've seen in 2020 and are likely to see more of in 2021, the insider-threat vector is likely to increase. This will be a growing concern in the supply chain, where attackers can move against smaller, less mature, organizations on their route to compromising downstream targets.
The Good News: Defenses Will Improve
One of the reasons we'll see more internal attacks is that password-management tools and multi-factor authentication (MFA) will become more prevalent. This will help slow the rate of account-compromise attacks through phishing and data theft.
These tools are very effective at reducing the threat from compromised accounts, with token-based MFA being the more effective of the two, but usage has grown slowly over the years. However, inexpensive physical tokens and software-based equivalents make them accessible. User acceptance will still be a challenge going into the new year and, probably, for several years more.
We're also likely to see a growth in risk-based access control technologies, where security analytics tools are used to help decide what level of authentication is appropriate on a case-by-case bases. This will reduce the burden on users by only requiring additional authentication when needed, while making it more difficult for attackers by tying behavior analysis techniques into the security stack. This also ties into zero-trust architectures, which should also see growth moving into 2021 and beyond.
Security analytics as a technology will see more use, being incorporated into existing security stacks by seamlessly merging into existing solutions. It will become even more important as extended detection and response (XDR) evolves past the initial vendor-centric definition to a more open vendor-agnostic model going forward. The behavior-analytics models will continue to improve, which will deliver more accurate results, as endpoint agents continue to improve and feed better information into the stack.
If we are lucky, we will see ultralight agents that can deploy on IoT devices and extend endpoint defense into that vulnerable sector. We will also see deception technologies more broadly deployed. While they can't prevent attacks, they can serve as a reliable early warning and compliment the rest of the stack.
2020 was a difficult year in cybersecurity and for the world as a whole. While 2021 will present evolving threats and new challenges, it will also offer new tools and technologies that will we hope shift the balance towards the defense.
Saryu Nayyar is CEO of Gurucul, a provider of unified security and risk analytics technology. She is a recognized expert in information security, identity and access management, and security risk management. Prior to founding Gurucul, Saryu was a founding member of Vaau, an enterprise role-management start-up acquired by Sun Microsystems. She has held leadership roles in product strategy for security products at Oracle and Sun Microsystems. Saryu also spent several years in senior positions at the IT security practice of Ernst & Young.
External Link: Cybersecurity Predictions for 2021: Robot Overlords No, Connected Car Hacks Yes
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Home/Making the Rounds at General Hospital – The Wedding Crasher and Spoilers
Jax and Carly's wedding and reception, the backdrop for drama, hijinx, and deception.
Making the Rounds at General Hospital – The Wedding Crasher and Spoilers
Connie Phillips April 29, 2007 Comments Off on Making the Rounds at General Hospital – The Wedding Crasher and Spoilers 94 Views
On Friday's General Hospital:
While everyone looked on – including Sonny and Jerry – Jax and Carly were married, though Lulu was distracted and missed a majority of the ceremony because of the incisive arguing of her suitors.
She probably should have just stayed away as they continued to make a scene, all vying for the chance to dance with her – though Spinelli's fantasy version of the event gave a comedic spin to Carly and Jax's first dance. Dillon and Milo fought for, and successfully gained, actual dance floor time. After Lulu caught the bouquet, the three then tried for the garter only to be denied when Jax landed it in the middle of the table where Jason sat with Sam. He later slipped it to his protégée, but when Spinelli insisted upon his dance, it was the final straw that sent Lulu off to brood.
As entertaining as these three wrestling for Lulu's attention can be, I think it's time for something to give. I'm not sure how long all three would vie for the attention of one fair lady, especially when she has been pretty insistent her first choice is to be friends with all three.
Patrick and Robin stole moments away at the reception as did Elizabeth and Nikolas, both sure they were safely away from Mr. Craig's glaring stare and neither making the connection or even dreaming there was a familiar connection between their nemesis and Jax.
I really expected Craig/Jerry to catch at least one of the couples with their stolen moments in the gazebo, even more so Nikolas and Emily since he's not aware she's in the know. I'm sure he won't be happy to discover his secret is known by one more, but if he's in a position to do anything about it, I'm just not sure.
As the party began to wind down, Sonny offered both the bride and groom best wishes and left to break his sobriety and drown his sorrows in both alcohol and a call to what one could only believe was a call girl, though it was Amelia who later knocked on his door. Back at the ceremony, Carly insisted Jason dance with her. Liz looked on with her big, lost-in-love puppy dog eyes, but this time they didn't go unnoticed by Sam.
Will the baby-daddy secret come to light soon? I'm guessing yes. We have to be only days away from the birth of who Spinelli has dubbed "the innocent one."
The cliffhanger the episode ended on was Jax getting a phone call from his brother, wishing him well on his new marriage. A thoughtful gesture that should have reaffirmed the fact Jerry was too far away to make it to the wedding — that is, if Jax hadn't heard the music from his own reception coming through the other end of the phone.
We'll have to wait until Monday's episode to see if he gets caught. Will Jax even recognize his brother and his new face? What about Lady Jane?
Warning! News and Spoilers Ahead!
(News and spoilers are drawn from a number of websites, dedicated to keeping the fans who just have to know, in the loop. The list includes Soap Zone, General Hospital Happenings Two, Soap Central, and Scoops and Spoilers.)
Sam has too much to drink and shares a secret with Lucky. The only part of the secret Sam knows is that the two of them had their night of passion during the blackout. But if this is slipped to Lucky and is the catalyst to the big secret, I will be somewhat disappointed. It really seems like the truth should come from Liz.
Tracy leans on her big brother's ghost to help Luke against Scott. Edward has had enough of Tracy's haunting and tries to admit her to Shadybrook. I certainly hope Luke is available to put a stop to this.
Craig/Jerry decides to skip town and leave Nikolas to die. Emily, Patrick, and Robin work feverishly to find an anecdote. Nikolas' future doesn't look good.
Sonny files an injunction against Amelia and Sam's show. Hmmm… does this mean Amelia is bad in bed?
Tags Television TV Recap Video
About Connie Phillips
LG Electronics won dozens of awards at CES for technology that links your world from your home, to your car, and to work. And Fido is part of it, too.


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THE BBC blanketed Bishop Auckland last week – day and night, television and radio, edgy perceptions of what's now politically a marginal seat.
Coverage included star newsreader Clive Myrie – Bury boy, Manchester City fan – pitching up at Heritage Park, the football club's home, to recall the glory days of the 50s. It also stirred memories of the last time, 19 years earlier, that one of the BBC's best had dipped a toe into deep Northern League waters.
Sophie Raworth, now another Six O'clock staple, was then a 32-year-old Breakfast Time presenter. Murton was a former east Durham pit village whose football team had in 1999-2000 finished second bottom of the Northern League second division, scoring 21 goals, conceding 133 and garnering just seven points.
"Not the worst team in Britain, just the unluckiest," Ms Raworth gallantly insisted.
The Corporation thought they could help. Over a three-month period they employed psychologists, nutritionists, therapists, dieticians and sundry other clever folk to make a Tomorrow's World-style programme to test what the appliance of science might do.
The broadcaster bought them state-of-the-art rain repellent kit, even paid for squad and club officials to attend a bonding weekend in the Lake District, the same course used by the British Lions and the England cricket team, in which club chairman Tommy Torrence somewhat improbably found himself standing atop a 70ft lamp post.
What none could have foreseen was the 70ft hole which in the summer had opened up in the Murton pitch after a culvert collapsed, leaving them homeless for 18 months, or the regular vandalism which bordered on the systematic.
Let it not be supposed that the experiment was unsuccessful, however. Second bottom before technological transformation, they finished third bottom the following season – and they only conceded 76.
THEREAFTER things deteriorated, the semi-derelict Welfare Ground so short of minimum FA standards that at the annual meeting in 2004 Northern League colleagues voted to expel the club which a decade earlier had finished second in the top division, had a committee of 21 and which once drew a 3,500 crowd for a cup tie against Spennymoor United.
The club kicked around the Wearside League and the Northern Alliance then abandoned the unequal struggle. Now there's only a Sunday side, half way in the Peterlee league.
Last sodden Saturday, first time for 15 years, I went back, Murton seemed all but abandoned.
Woods Terrace, the main shopping street, is mostly steel shuttered and wholly deserted. Even the bookie's has just two customers, they having parked their bikes inside. Whether this is because they don't want them to get a) wet or b) pinched is unclear.
The tattoo parlour, the funeral director's, the pharmacy, two of the three beauty parlours – the collective noun may be a pulchritude – are all closed. Not even its own mother could call Murton centre beautiful, nor Murton dressed up as lamb.
Outside the Glebe Centre, a plaque records that Murton Colliery once produced a million tons annually, that in the 1920s it employed 3,600 men and boys, that 400 of them died underground.
The Methodist church has a Christmas tea – "visit from Santa" – for £6. Opposite it, the Dalton Park Inn offers shelter to a few men fitfully following the racing, a couple of cups sitting meretriciously on the shelves. They're probably not for football.
In the 1990s the pub was called The International, home for several years to Northern League management committee meetings, proceedings overseen from the top of a filing cabinet by a baleful and near-salivating bulldog known as Nic, after a former league secretary.
Last Saturday there isn't even a Sunderland match to fret over. In former times it would have been an International break.
TOMMY TORRENCE was magnificent, played as an emergency centre forward when he was 54, manned the gate, made the tea, sold the raffle tickets, even acted as manager when they were short. They won. "I just changed tactics," said Tom, puffing one of his cigars. "Nee bollockings, nee back stabbing and nee heads rolling round the dressing room."
He'd even defended the player who, filmed by the BBC the night before a match, had seen off 16 pints of lager and four or five pies. "It was his birthday next day," said Tom.
By 1998, however, things had become so desperate that the league organised a fundraising match against neighbours Durham City. Portentously, it was Friday the 13th.
Tyne Tees Television broadcast live from the ground, urging football folk to come; Sunderland legend Jimmy Montgomery agreed to keep goal in a half-time penalty competition, a crowd of 313 – about 300 more than normal, one of them travelled specially from Devon – foregathered.
After 52 minutes, score 1-1, the lights phutted out one-by-one, like a four-year-old making the most of her birthday cake. Someone had forgotten to put diesel in the generator. Asked the reason for his suggestion that everyone raise their hands, a visitor explained that many hands make lights work. It seems funnier now than then.
"It was like Blackpool Illuminations being extinguished because the town clerk had forgotten to pay the electricity bill," the column observed – and in 20 years as league chairman, it was definitely my darkest hour.
THE weather's worsening, Murton still deserted, no one from whom to seek directions. The first half-forgotten foray leads past agricultural land – the phrase about sward into ploughshares comes to mind – but, drookit, is abandoned.
A second try is along a flooded road of the sort sometimes called unmade, though a bed that unmade would be in a dirty clothes basket.
Notices on what appears to be a farm building warn thieves that if they break in they won't be reported to police. "What follows," add the notices, "you will never be prepared for."
The old Welfare ground is a bit further along, next to the cricket field, now encircled by a 10ft security fence. The adage about horse and stable door rears its head. The place seems little changed, dressing rooms steel walled, stand skeletal, mud everywhere. Floodlights lone gone, the picture's gloomy indeed.
By now it's almost dark, the Methodists have had their Christmas tea and probably had a word with Santa As well. The 265 bus departs at 4.20pm, and that's the end of the news.


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Mannatech Declares Annual Cash Dividend; Move Based on Company's Financial Performance
Mannatech Inc. | Jan 21, 2004
COPPELL, Texas, Jan 21, 2004 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Mannatech Incorporated (Nasdaq:MTEX) announced today that its Board of Directors has declared an annual cash dividend of $0.10 per share, payable on March 12, 2004, to shareholders of record at the close of business on Feb. 20, 2004. The Board believes this dividend helps reflect Mannatech's long-term value and its strong commitment to promoting long-term investment in its common stock.
"I am delighted about our Board's decision to declare an annual dividend, which was primarily based on the result of Mannatech's improved financial foundation and the Board's confidence in Mannatech's future performance," stated Samuel Caster, Chairman of the Board and CEO. "The ability to pay a cash dividend provides Mannatech with an additional means of sharing value with its shareholders, some of whom are also independent associates and members who buy Mannatech products."
About Mannatech Incorporated
Mannatech is a wellness solution provider that is based in Coppell, Texas and over a decade has continued to develop innovative, high-quality, proprietary nutritional supplements, topical products, and weight management products that are sold through a global network-marketing system throughout the United States and the international markets of Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, Japan and New Zealand. For additional information about Mannatech please visit its corporate Web site: www.mannatech.com.
This release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are subject to certain events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside of Mannatech's control. Actual results and developments could materially differ from those expressed in or implied by such statements due to a number of factors. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by terminology such as "may," "should," "believes," "plans" or "sees" or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology. Although Mannatech believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, it cautions its readers to consider the risk factors and any other cautionary statements in this release, as well as those set forth in Mannatech's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All of the forward-looking statements contained herein speak only as of the date of this press release.


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Q: Connecting android program to the database I created an android application on eclipse which works perfectly on emulator. It stores data in the mysql db. Works perfectly. Now I need to demonstrate it in my phone. I installed it in my phone and connected it to laptop by WiFi. But it didn't connect with my db. Is there any way to connect it to the db in laptop?. I changed local host to ipv4 of laptop but it doesn't work. Help on this please

A: Turn on Wifi Hotspot of your android phone and connect your Laptop with your phone.
Start your server at localhost
Now open command prompt and enter ipconfig command you will get following things
Wireless LAN adapter Wireless Network Connection:
  Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . :
  Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::80bc:e378:19ab:e448%11
  IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.43.76
  Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
  Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.43.1

Copy this 192.168.43.76 and put it in your code as the URL instead of 127.0.0.1 or localhost which you are using to access your server. Please set you network as "Home Network" and turn off the Firewall.


I enjoy scrapbooking, whether it's with paper and crafts or even create digital works using my computer. It's a fun way to make albums and pictures look professional and creative. Recently, I've been introduced to a scrapbooking software called My Memories Suite and was given the opportunity to try it out. To be honest, I've never used an actual scrapbookong software before. I just usually create my own artwork and designs from scratch using Photoshop.
Product description: My Memories Suite version 2 software is a complete digital scrapbooking solution that provides a powerful set of creative tools and multiple sharing options that no other software can offer. Its intuitive workspace and enhanced time-saving features are perfect for a beginner to build an entire album in minutes, or to empower the design pro to build a scrapbook album masterpiece.
The program is very easy to use and installation was quick and easy. it includes a variety of ready-made template designs and themes to select from. New designs can be purchased within the program. There aren't a lot of embellishments or backgrounds that came with the program, but many can be downloaded for free from the website. Using this software, anyone can create digital scrapbooks, photobooks, cards, calendars and gifts without having to buy expensive and complicated software programs.
Not only My Memories has their own software, they also offer photo book service and calendars, which I just found out browsing the website. You can create online photo books that you create yourself using their online tool and order it. This is wonderful because I really love their designs and templates the best.
So this week, I've been taking the time to gather my favorite photos to create a photo album project. My photos were already alphabetically organized (and by timestamp) so I just used the auto picture placement to save me time. I haven't got a chance to finish, but I did create other pages. Here are just a couple of them. I used the free kits that I downloaded from the online store.
MyMemories is generously providing one of my readers a chance to win a copy of the software. Chosen winner will be selected via Random.org through Rafflecopter. Winner will have 48 hours to respond to claim their prize. Make sure you leave your email (if not visible in your profile) so I can contact you.
Please complete the Mandatory first entry before you can enter optional additional entries. Contest open worldwide. Closes Oct. 18, 2011 at 11:59pm EST.
Click Here if you do not see the entry form below.
Disclosure: I received a copy of the the above mentioned MyMemories Suite Software from the Company in exchange for my review. The opinions expressed in my review are my own personal and honest thoughts. No other compensation was given.
I love the old Basic Old Paper Template 1! Thanks for the chance!
The Love Story templates are adorable! I love them!
I like the hobby templete!
Love the Birthday Fun template!


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Mecometopus melanion är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Bates 1885. Mecometopus melanion ingår i släktet Mecometopus och familjen långhorningar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Långhorningar
melanion

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Ariya Jutanugarn takes lead at windy Women's Scottish Open
Jutanugarn had five birdies in a six-hole stretch on the back nine and shot a 6-under 66 to take a lead in the second round.
File Photo: Jutanugarn has two victories this year, the Honda LPGA Thailand and Dow Great Lakes Bay Invitational team event alongside sister Moriya. | Photo Credit: Andy Wong
Ariya Jutanugarn had five birdies in a six-hole stretch on the back nine and shot a 6-under 66 on Friday to take the second-round lead in the LPGA Tour's windy and rainy Trust Golf Women's Scottish Open.
Playing in the morning in wind gusting to 40 mph at Dumbarnie Links, Jutanugarn birdied Nos. 12 and 13 and 15-17. The 25-year-old Thai star won the 2018 tournament at Gullane Golf Club.
"I felt like after I played in the afternoon yesterday, it is really windy, and I feel like today going to be better in the morning, but actually it's not, so the wind starts to blow really hard since like first hole and last three holes even worse," Jutanugarn said.
"I feel pretty lucky I finish before everything to come."
READ | Russell Henley ties lowest 36-hole this season to lead at Wyndham Championship
Jutanugarn has two victories this year, the Honda LPGA Thailand and Dow Great Lakes Bay Invitational team event alongside sister Moriya.
"I don't really feel like I'm really confident or I'm not confident at all. But I think like just have to go day by day to me," Jutanugarn said.
"When I say I still have so much thing to work on, and to me, I just want to be chilling on the course because I know when I'm chilling on the course, everything going to take care of themselves."
Jutanugarn was at 9-under 135 total, three strokes ahead of fellow Thai player Atthaya Thitikul (70), England's Charley Hull (69) and Denmark's Emily Kristine Pedersen (69).
U.S. Women's Open champion Yuka Saso (72) was 5 under with Jeongeun Lee6 (68), Lydia Hall (70), Kelsey MacDonald (71), Ryann O'Toole (71) and Sarah Schmelzel (71).
"In the range, I prepared just control shot," Lee6 said.
"The green is a little bit slow today. So I focused on just speed, putting."
ALSO READ | Billy Mayfair goes low to take first round lead in Calgary
Michele Thomson of Scotland, the first-round leader after a 65, had an 80 to drop into a tie for 45th at 1 over. She had a birdie and nine bogeys.
Defending champion Stacy Lewis also was 1 over after a 74. She won last year at The Renaissance Club.
Ariya Jutanugarn
Jeongeun Lee6
ICC Under-19 World Cup
Tanvi Khanna
Andre Henning
satellite and cable service


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Q: Retrieve taxonomy terms in order of their post's date? I'm building out a custom taxonomy archive page that needs to list terms in order by their associated post's post_date. I wrote this, it's working, but I hate resorting to custom SQL:
global $wpdb;

$post_types = array( 'series' );
$taxonomy   = array( 'taxonomy' );
$order      = 'DESC';

$sql = "SELECT DISTINCT t.*
    FROM $wpdb->terms AS t
    INNER JOIN $wpdb->term_taxonomy AS tt
        ON t.term_id = tt.term_id
    JOIN $wpdb->term_relationships AS tr
        ON tr.term_taxonomy_id = tt.term_taxonomy_id
    JOIN $wpdb->posts AS p
        ON p.ID = tr.object_id
    WHERE tt.taxonomy IN ( '" . implode( "','", $taxonomy ) . "' )
    AND p.post_type IN ( '" . implode( "','", $post_types ) . "' )
    ORDER BY p.post_date {$order};";

$terms_ordered_by_post_date = $wpdb->get_results( $sql );

Curious if anyone has a better solution?

A: I would use the terms_clauses filter, and then just use get_terms():
function wpse147412_order_terms_by_post_date( $pieces, $taxonomies, $args ) {
    global $wpdb;

    if ( 'post_date' !== $args['orderby'] ) {
        return $pieces;
    }

    $args = wp_parse_args( $args, array( 'post_types' => 'post' ) );

    $pieces['fields']   = 'DISTINCT ' . $pieces['fields'];
    $pieces['join']    .= " JOIN $wpdb->term_relationships AS tr ON tr.term_taxonomy_id = tt.term_taxonomy_id";
    $pieces['join']    .= " JOIN $wpdb->posts AS p ON p.ID = tr.object_id";
    $pieces['where']   .= " AND p.post_type IN ('" . implode( "', '", (array) $args['post_types'] ) . "')";
    $pieces['orderby']  = 'ORDER BY p.post_date';

    return $pieces;
}
add_filter( 'terms_clauses', 'wpse147412_order_terms_by_post_date', 10, 3 );

....

$terms = get_terms( 'taxonomy', array( 'post_types' => 'series', 'orderby' => 'post_date', 'order' => 'DESC' ) );