Existing-home sales experienced a large rebound of 11.8 percent in February, to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 5.51 million in February, according to the National Association of Realtors (NAR). This followed a 1.2 percent decrease in January. Sales are 1.8 percent below the February 2017 level.
The total housing inventory increased to 1.63 million homes available for sale and is up from 1.58 million a year ago. The median existing home price was $249,500, up 3.6 percent from February 2018 ($240,800). This marks the 84th straight month of year-over-year gains.
Distressed sales were 4.0 percent of the total, equal to last month and one year ago.
Hugo Dante is a research associate in the Economic Policy and Research group at the ABA.


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Ceiling collapses at apartments in west Houston
HOUSTON (KTRK) -- Lawrence Smith got an unexpected shower at his north side apartment he shares with his wife. The water coming from an overhead pipe was scalding hot.
"Hot water came pouring down, it wasn't cold, it was hot," Smith said.
That was just the beginning of the troubles. Three days later he still has a huge hole in his ceiling at Mira Bella Apartments.
Cell phone video taken by neighbors shows Smith and residents sweeping gallons of water out of their homes. Firefighters responded to their calls for help but residents say management didn't for hours.
"Water was coming out of the window and coming this way. I went in there to try and get him out and the whole thing collapsed," said Shirley Martinez.
She also has a hole in her ceiling that she's waiting for a fix. Both neighbors say the water ruined many of their belongings. Martinez, a mother of four, says it's lucky no one was seriously hurt.
"They could have been electrocuted. Him too," said Martinez
Residents say they not only want their ceilings repaired but the ongoing plumbing issues fixed. An open gap at the end of the building shows some of the repair attempts.
"$950 for a two bedroom and that's a lot. To be having these issues that's a lot," said Martinez.
Smith, a Marine Veteran, says he proudly served his country but this is a battle he believes he shouldn't have to fight.
"I'm going to stand my ground for my roof over my head and castle for what I pay, you can't violate that," said Smith.
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The speaker Muhammad Shahzad was part of the previous event. To review the most recent speakers list, click here.
Muhammad Shahzad (Past Speaker)
Muhammad Shahzad is the Chief Financial Officer of The Honest Company, which was launched in 2012 with a mission to inspire and empower people to live a happy and healthy life.
Muhammad began on the Finance team at The Honest Company in 2014. He currently serves on the Honest Leadership Team overseeing all of Honest's financial affairs. Prior to The Honest Company, Muhammad spent 5 years in the Technology, Media & Telecom Investment Banking Division at Goldman, Sachs & Co. where he covered a broad array of mid cap to large cap clients in the consumer technology sector such as Apple, eBay and Netflix and in the Media & Entertainment sector such as The Walt Disney Company, DreamWorks, and Lions Gate. Previously Muhammad founded his own company and also worked at Accenture and Deutsche Bank. Since 2009, he has served on the Board of Directors for Developments in Literacy, a nonprofit organization focused on education in South Asia, and since 2015 served as Chair of the Board of Directors. He holds an MBA from UCLA Anderson School of Management and a BSc in Economics cum laude from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.
Check out the incredible speaker line-up to see who will be joining Muhammad.


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Surprise is in the Air at New York Int'l Children's Film Festival 2012 Award Ceremony
3/27/2012- S. Barton
Co- Director, Eric Beckman's opening speech at the 2012 New York International Children's Film Festival (NYICFF) Award Ceremony astonished the crowd as be boldly declared "We want your Money!" Mr. Beckman's humorous remark was in reference to, Get Tooned 2!, An Adult-Only Claymation Event, in which money will be used to fund NYICFF's Scholarship Program.
The New York International Children's Film Festival (NYICFF) is in its 15th year, and it's still full of surprises. Longtime festival judge, Actor Matthew Modine and made a special appearance to present the Special Jury Award. The awards went to the comedies, as films: The Storyteller, and Capturing Santa won in 2 categories; and Extinction of the Sabertooth House Cat won the Audience Award Ages 5-10.
The audience gave a standing ovation as director Susan Koenen won the Audience Award Ages 12-18 for her short-documentary film, I'm a Girl. An amazing documentary about a girl named Joppe, who was born a boy.
The biggest shock came as Japanese's animated film, A Letter to Momo, upstaged French animated film, Le Tableau, winning the festivals Grand Prize Feature. The film's producer, Mistshusa Ishikaw accepted the award, happily, saying that it was also a win for Japan, especially after the tsunami/earthquake that hit last year.
The award ceremony was followed by a beautiful reception catered by La Palapa; featuring handmade chocolates from Donna & Company, cupcakes from Tonnie's Mini's; and Vita Coco Coconut Water. There was one last surprise of the evening as co-directors, Eric Beckman and Emily Shaprio presented flowers to NYICFF staff and graciously thanked them for their hard work on the festival.
It was a very close race this year; there were many unexpected twists and turns. We look forward to next year, and as always the magic of the festival continues with weekend screenings at the IFC Center.
The Winners of the NYICFF 2012 are:
GRAND PRIZE FEATURE: A Letter To Momo
GRAND PRIZE SHORT: Capturing Santa
SPECIAL JURY AWARD, LIVE ACTION: Child's Play
SPECIAL JURY AWARD, ANIMATION: The Storyteller
PARENTS AWARD: The Storyteller
AUDIENCE AWARD, AGES 3-6: The Gruffalo's Child
AUDIENCE AWARD, AGES 5-10: Extinction of the Sabertooth House Cat
AUDIENCE AWARD, AGES 8-14: Capturing Santa
AUDIENCE AWARD, AGES 12-18: I Am a Girl!
Posted in: Journalism | Tagged: GKIDS, nyicff
A Letter to Momo- The Short Review
The Suzan, The Interview, The Concert!


Payment fraud is a top concern for American, British and German gamers, according to research from ACI Worldwide and Newzoo. 19% of them experienced fraud while paying for online games.
One in three gamers (33%) worry about fraud enough to be less likely to spend money on online games.
However, gamers showed a largely positive opinion of new digital payment methods, such as cryptocurrencies. American gamers (25%) think the most positively about cryptocurrencies, followed by German gamers (18%) and the British (16%).
Trust is the most important factor gamers consider when choosing an online payment method. Nearly half of paying gamers (44%) see room for improvement in the in-game payment experience, with a third of them being frustrated by slow payment processes. German players cited a seamless payment experience as one of the main reasons to prefer a certain payment method.
Mobile platform, while having the lowest proportion of paying gamers due to the prevalence of free titles, is clearly dominating, with 95% of respondents actively gaming on mobile devices. In Germany, 43% of gamers play on mobile devices. German gamers spending money on their mobile games mostly buy in-game (65%).
ACI Worldwide and Newzoo's research project, "What turns players into payers: Understanding the gaming payments experience" was conducted to explore paying behaviour, payment preferences and the payment experience among gamers to gather insights into the most effective ways to optimize payments conversions in games. 2,051 gamers, playing at least two hours per week, were surveyed across Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States.


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No Stranger Place
Rio 2016: Refugee Olympic Team
UN Summit seen as "game changer" for refugee and migrant protection
UN General Assembly September 19 Summit Addressing Large Movements of Refugees and Migrants is set to adopt key commitments to enhance protection.
6 September 2016 | Français | عربي
A column of refugees and migrants is walked across fields by police in Slovenia in this October 2015 file photo. © UNHCR/Mark Henley
GENEVA - A high-level UN summit later this month to address large movements of refugees and migrants could potentially be a "game changer" that will enhance protection for those forcibly displaced and otherwise on the move, UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency said today.
The UN Summit on Addressing Large Movements of Refugees and Migrants will be held at the General Assembly in New York on September 19, and is to be attended by heads of state and government, Ministers and leaders from the UN System and representatives of civil society, among others.
"Right now there seems to be huge momentum towards trying to make the 19th of September a really meaningful summit that will be a game changer for refugee protection and for migrants who are on the move," UNHCR spokesperson Melissa Fleming told a news briefing in Geneva on Tuesday (September 6).
Fleming said the commitments were agreed on August 2. Once adopted at the Summit, they will be known as the New York Declaration, and contain annexes on refugees and migrants that will serve as the basis for future compacts.
"Coming at a time of multiple global crises, and when large-scale movements of refugees and migrants are challenging many countries – even stoking xenophobia in some quarters – it is very significant that 193 Member States of the United Nations are coming together to agree on a way forward to manage the challenges better, together," she added.
UNHCR spokesperson Melissa Fleming speaks at the Palais des Nations briefing.
Once adopted, the Declaration will be a "significant milestone," Fleming said. In it, States declare profound solidarity for people who are forced to flee their homes; reaffirm their obligations to full respect of the human rights of refugees and migrants and pledge robust support to those countries affected by large movements of refugees and migrants.
The Declaration includes commitments common to refugees and migrants, including: combating exploitation, racism and xenophobia, savings lives en route, as well as ensuring border procedures follow due process and are in line with international law.
"It also includes paying attention to the needs of women, children and those with health care needs, recognising and facilitating the positive contributions of migrants and refugees, ensuring they are part of development priorities, and ensuring adequate, flexible and predictable funding," Fleming said.
In addition, the Declaration sets out specific commitments in relation to refugees and to migrants.
"Migration is the world's oldest adaptation strategy," International Organization for Migration spokesperson Leonard Doyle said. He noted that migration used to be a no-go area, but it was high time that every country tackled it in a grown-up, managed way, as 244 million migrants needed to see their issues addressed on the table rather than in the ante-room.
On the refugee side, some of the specific commitments include increasing support to the countries and communities hosting the largest number of refugees. There are related commitments to boosting early childhood and primary and secondary education for refugees, and creating jobs and income generation schemes for refugees and host communities.
"It is very significant that 193 Member States of the UN are coming together to agree on a way forward."
There is also an emphasis on expanding opportunities for resettlement or other forms of admission to third countries.
Furthermore, the Declaration provides for a Comprehensive Refugee Response (CRR) Framework to be applied in response to large scale refugee influxes or protracted situations. This will be broader than a typical refugee response, bringing in a range of stakeholders from the outset including local and national authorities, humanitarian and development actors, the private sector and civil society.
Fleming noted that the Framework also emphasises the importance of refugees becoming self-reliant and addressing the needs of local host communities.
The New York Declaration is a reaffirmation of the importance and application of the international protection regime — the 1951 Refugee Convention, human rights and humanitarian law – at a time when there are record levels of forced displacement.
Governments specifically acknowledge that the protection of refugees and assistance to host states is a shared international responsibility, and not to be borne by host countries alone.
The Declaration is a reaffirmation of the importance and application of the international protection regime.
This is a critical development. The New York Declaration also signals a shift beyond a mainly humanitarian response to refugee movements – usually in itself, severely underfunded – to a broader, systematic and more sustainable response to help refugees and the communities hosting them. This will mean working on several fronts at once: addressing humanitarian needs, bringing in development actors sooner to help refugees and their hosts, and starting the longer term planning for solutions beyond the emergency phase.
The Summit will begin on September 19 with an opening plenary chaired by the President of the General Assembly and statements from high-level UN officials, including the UN High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi. There will be two parallel plenary sessions for statements by Member States.
There will be six roundtables dedicated to various refugee and migrant themes and a closing plenary. A concurrent civil society meeting will be also be held. In addition to the formal one day formal session, a series of side events are being organized between September 13 and 23.
UNHCR also very much welcomes the Leaders' Summit on the Global Refugee Crisis on September 20 convened by President Obama, which provides an opportunity for governments to make concrete commitments in funding to humanitarian appeals and international organisations, to admitting more refugees through resettlement and other pathways, and increasing refugees' self-reliance and inclusion through work and education opportunities.
Displaced athletes make historic debut at Paralympic Games in Rio
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With Syria refugee crisis, Lebanese health services improve
Since Alan Kurdi drowned, Mediterranean deaths have soared
UNHCR chief pledges more support for Turkey refugee response


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You are here: Home » Recursos » Glosario » Glossary of Gravity and Magnetics Terms. Glosario de Términos de Gravimetría y Magnetismo
Glossary of Gravity and Magnetics Terms. Glosario de Términos de Gravimetría y Magnetismo
Joseph | 29 octubre, 2010	| 0 Comentarios
A GUIDE TO THE LANGUAGE OF GEOPHYSICAL INTERPRETATION
The following terms are intended for readers not versed in potential fields terminology or for those readers interested in a review of terms as used by IGC.
Analytic Signal Method
The analytic signal method, known also as the total gradient method, as defined here produces a particular type of calculated gravity or magnetic anomaly enhancement map used for defining in a map sense the edges (boundaries) of geologically anomalous density or magnetization distributions. In exploration potential field applications, the term analytic signal loosely refers to the calculated modulus of the gravity or magnetic anomaly field's three mutually orthogonal spatial (x, y, z) derivative terms. Mapped maxima (ridges and peaks) in the calculated analytic signal of a gravity or magnetic anomaly map locate the anomalous source body edges and corners (e.g., basement fault block boundaries, basement lithology contacts, fault/shear zones, igneous and salt diapirs, etc.). Analytic signal maxima have the useful property that they occur directly over faults and contacts, regardless of structural dip which may be present, and independent of the direction of the induced and/or remanent body magnetizations. Various extensions to the analytic signal method (as defined here) exist. For example, some extensions to the method include as an additional solved parameter the anomalous source body depth(s).
Automated Depth Estimation
A variety of techniques, which include Werner deconvolution, the Euler method, Naudy's method,Phillips' method, and the analytic signal method, which analyze digital analytic signal method magnetic profiles or maps to obtain estimates of source body depth without specific user identification of key portions of anomalies. This contrasts with profile techniques such as Peters' method (half-slope) or Vacquier's method (straight slope) which may be implemented as computer programs but require interactive identification of special points on anomalies.
Bouguer Gravity Field
The gravity field obtained after latitude, elevation, Bouguer, and terrain corrections have been applied to the measured (observed or raw) gravity data. The Bouguer (named after Pierre Bouguer, a French geodesist) gravity field is often noted as simple Bouguer for the gravity field before applying terrain corrections or complete Bouguer for the gravity field after applying terrain (and sometimes curvature) corrections.
The gravity anomalies observed in the Bouguer field are caused by lateral density contrasts within the sedimentary section, crust and sub-crust of the earth.
A measured above sea level Bouguer gravity field and accurately corrected to sea level datum is not equivalent to gravity measured at sea level. Anomalies caused by mass inhomogeneities between station elevation and datum and which were measured at the original station elevations remain in the data unless special corrections are made.
Mass per unit volume, expressed in grams per cubic centimeter. Rock or formation densities are usually measured as either saturated bulk densities or grain densities. For gravity interpretation, the contrasts between rock bulk densities are of primary interest since these contrasts are responsible for the anomalous gravity field.
Rock bulk densities have been shown to vary as a function of geologic age, lithology and depth of burial. Rock densities typically range from 1.9 g/cm3 to 3.0 g/cm3.
Density Contrast
The density of one rock unit relative to another. Density contrasts can be either positive or negative. For example, if Rock A = 2.30 g/cm3 and Rock B = 2.40 g/cm3 then the density contrast of Rock A relative to Rock B is -0.10 g/cm3. Conversely, the relative density contrast of Rock B relative to Rock A is +0.10 g/cm3.
Gravity anomalies caused by density contrasts within the earth's sedimentary section, crust and sub-crust can be analyzed and interpreted as lithologic and/or structural anomalies.
Density-Depth Function
The relationship between the change in density with a change in depth. In many areas of the world with thick clastic sections the increase in density with an increase in depth has been shown to be primarily a function of compaction. However, age, lithology and porosity may also influence the relationship. The relationship is important in gravity modeling because a gravity anomaly may be caused by a gradational change in density rather than a relatively abrupt density contrast, such as that which may occur at a fault, contact, or unconformity.
Density Model
A model of the geology in which layers or bodies of given lithologies are replaced by equi-density layers or bodies. The equi-density layers or bodies may or may not correspond to specific geological formations.
Depth Slicing
Generically, the use of linear filters to isolate (based on wavelength criteria) anomaly contributions to a map derived from source bodies in a certain depth range. Numerous techniques are used to carry out the isolation.
Dike Model
See Prism. Dike model descriptions include wide, narrow, thin, vertical, and inclined.
Elevation Correction
The sum of the free-air and Bouguer corrections to observed or "raw" gravity. The Bouguer correction requires an estimation of bulk density to calculate and eliminate the gravitational effect of the subsurface mass between point of gravity measurement and a datum.
Euler Method
A profile-based or map-based depth estimation method based on the concept that the magnetic fields of localized structures are homogeneous functions of the source coordinates and therefore satisfy Euler's equation. This equation can therefore be solved parametrically for the source locations. In recent years, use of this method has become more widespread because it has been automated to work with either grid or profile data.
A domain is where a mathematical function (the independent and dependent variables x and y and maybe z and perhaps more) exists. In the frequency domain, the independent variable has been transformed from a distance such as miles (seconds in the case of seismic) to frequency like cycles/mile (a spatial frequency versus a temporal frequency like cycles/second). The dependent variables then become the strength and phase of that frequency. See also, Space Domain.
Free-air Gravity Field
The gravity field after the free-air correction. This correction is applied to observed or "raw" gravity readings to correct for the change in gravity due to the difference in elevation of the gravity station relative to datum elevation (usually sea level). The change in gravity with elevation is inversely related to the change in distance between the meter's center of mass (meter elevation) and the earth's center of mass.
Simply, the units in which magnetic survey maps are often contoured. 1 gamma = 1 nanotesla. A unit for stating the magnitude of the magnetic field vector B represented by the number of lines of induction passing through a unit area perpendicular to the vector direction.
1 gamma = 10-5 gauss
= 10-5 lines/cm2
= 10-1 line/m2
= 10-9 weber/m2
= 10-9 tesla = 1 nanotesla
Gardner's Equation
An empirically derived equation which describes the relationship between bulk densities and acoustic velocities of rocks: p = 0.23v0.25
The equation was derived by G.H.F. Gardner et al. from laboratory and field observations of brine-saturated (nonevaporite) rock types. Experience has shown that the equation (or some modification of it) is valid for many sedimentary basins of the world.
Gravity Unit
A unit of acceleration used with gravity measurements. Abbreviated as g.u. Measurements in gravity units were formerly widely used, but measurements in milligals are now more common. 1.0 milligal = 10 gravity units
A device or set of devices which measures the value of a field in at least two different points in space at the same time. The gradient is the difference in field values per unit of distance between the sensors. By measuring a field's gradient (that is, its first derivative or rate of change with distance), the total field itself may be computed with varying degrees of accuracy. For potential fields, the direction of the measurement relative to the earth is critical. Is the gradient being measured horizontally, vertically, and in the case of magnetics, what is the orientation relative to the earth's magnetic field? Even with these possible difficulties, measuring just the gradient has the advantage of removing non-geologic field signals, such as when measuring gravity, those introduced by the normal accelerations of the survey aircraft.
High Density Basement
The deepest significantly thick, high density unit(s) within the geologic section of an area, which provide a major positive density contrast. The rocks above the major density contrast are usually younger sediments and/or volcanics, typically having densities ranging from approximately 1.9 g/cm3 to 2.6 g/cm3. Those below the major density contrast are usually older sedimentary, volcanic and/or crystalline rocks, typically having densities ranging from 2.6 g/cm3 to 3.0 g/cm3. High density basement may or may not be equivalent to crystalline and/or magnetic basement.
High Resolution Aeromagnetics
This might more correctly be termed "high precision aeromagnetics" The term has gained wide acceptance in the industry to denote surveys flown at low terrain clearance (80 – 150 m), with close line spacings (100 – 500 m), recorded at high sample rates (0.1 – 0.25 sec.), and acquired with high-sensitivity magnetometers (0.001 – 0.005 nT).
International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF)
The most widely used mathematical models for fitting the main magnetic field of the earth at a given time (e.g., 1965). The models consist of spherical harmonic coefficients derived from observatory and satellite data. They are used to objectively remove long wavelength components from survey data to obtain the anomalous magnetic field (TI), which contains the shorter wavelength components of exploration interest.
Inverse Modeling
A technique whereby a 2D or 3D , density, susceptibility, or geometric (geologic) model is computed to satisfy (invert) a given observed gravity or magnetic field.
Magnetic Basement
Magnetic basement is usually equated to crystalline (felsic and mafic) or sometimes, metamorphic basement. It is the unconformity upon which an essentially non-magnetic sedimentary section has been deposited. Large exposures of basement (e.g., the Canadian Shield) show it to be lithologically and magnetically heterogeneous. Very thick sequences of highly magnetic volcanics may sometimes be considered equivalent to a magnetic basement.
Magnetic Sedimentary Section
A surface or zone within the geologic column where magnetic susceptibility contrasts are significant enough to generate magnetic anomalies which could delineate sedimentary geology. Susceptibility variations within the sedimentary column are generally considered near zero except where relatively magnetic sediments (e.g., pyroclastics, arkoses, some shales) are present.
Milligal (mGal)
The unit of acceleration used with gravity measurements.
1 Gal = 1 cm/sec2
1 Gal = 1,000 milligals
1 mGal= 10 gravity units
The degree of homogeneity in Euler's equation, interpreted physically as the fall-off rate with distance and geophysically as a structural index (SI). Values vary from 1 to 3 according to magnetic or gravity source body geometry.
Nanotesla (nT)
Simply, the units in which magnetic survey maps are often contoured. 1 nanotesla = 1 gamma. A unit for stating the magnitude of the magnetic field vector B represented by the number of lines of induction passing through a unit area perpendicular to the vector direction.
1 nanotesla = 10-9 tesla
=10-9 weber/m2
=10-1 lines/m2
=10-5 lines/cm2
=10-5 gauss = 1 gamma
Naudy's Method
An automated profile-based depth estimation method wherein anomaly type and location are identified by cross-correlation of the observed magnetic profile with theoretical anomalies. The depth to a dike-like or plate-like source is then estimated from parameters relating source body half-width, depth, and data sampling interval.
A member of a class of software that is "trained" by presenting it examples of input and the corresponding desired output. For example, the input might be a magnetic anomaly and the required output the depth to the source of that anomaly. Training might be conducted using synthetic data, iterating on the examples until satisfactory depth estimates are obtained. Neural networks are general-purpose programs which have applications outside potential fields, including almost any problem that can be regarded as pattern recognition in some form.
Observed Gravity Field
The term "observed gravity" is also often used in lieu of "raw gravity" or "measured gravity". Incorrectly, but often, the term "observed gravity map" may be posted on the following maps: Bouguer, free-air, regional or residual gravity field.
Phillips' Method
An automatic depth estimation method in which the source parameters are estimated from the autocorrelation function of the magnetic anomaly. Like Werner deconvolution, the method uses a dike or contact model.
A term used to describe a sheet-like magnetic source body with limited vertical dimension. That is, its thickness may range from 0.1 to 1.0 times its depth-to-top. Its anomaly character is similar to that of a set of dipoles.
A field which obeys a differential equation known as Laplace's Equation. Gravity and magnetic fields are both vector potential fields. Most exploration gravity work utilizes the vertical component of the gravity field, while most exploration magnetic work utilizes the scalar total intensity of the magnetic field.
Pseudogravity
An approximation of a gravity field derived from a magnetic field measured at, or transformed to, the magnetic pole. The process requires conversion of susceptibility values to density values and a vertical integration of the magnetic data.
A term used to describe a magnetic source body which can be considered, for practical purposes, parallelepiped which is semi-infinite in vertical dimension. That is, its depth-to-bottom is at least four times its depth-to-top. Its anomaly character is similar to that of a monopole or line of poles. A two-dimensional prism (semi-infinite normal to the plane of section) is sometimes referred to as a dike model.
Raw Gravity
Also called measured gravity, or observed gravity. The gravity field measured at a gravity station before latitude, free-air, Bouguer or terrain corrections are applied.
Reduction-to-Equator (RTE)
A mathematical transformation of the total magnetic intensity (TI) field at its observed inclination (I) and declination (D) to that of the magnetic equator (i.e., I=0�).
Reduction-to-Pole (RTP)
A mathematical transformation of the total magnetic intensity (TI) field at its observed inclination (I) and declination (D) to that of the north magnetic pole (i.e., I=90�, D=0�).
Regional Gravity Field
The long wavelength component of the usually attributed to Bouguer gravity field density variations considered to be deeper than general exploration interest; (e.g., the gravity component due to crustal density variations or undulations of the crust/mantle interface). A subjective regional can often be designed to enhance residual anomalies of primary interest.
Residual Gravity Field
The shorter wavelength component of the attributed to density Bouguer gravity field contrasts withinhigh density basement and/or the lower density overburden. Anomalies in the residual field are usually of exploration interest.
A first residual is a difference field obtained by subtracting the regional gravity field from the Bouguer gravity field.
Second Vertical Derivative
A second vertical derivative map of a potential field may be calculated by application of a frequency domain or space domain filter to a potential field grid file. The result is an anomaly enhancement or residual map related to the "curvature" of the input field. Inflection points on the anomalies of the input field will be zero values on the derivative map and may have special interpretation significance.
Space Domain
A domain is where a mathematical function (the independent and dependent variables x and y and maybe z and perhaps more) exists. In the space domain, distance (1 if by profile, 2 if by map measured in perhaps feet, kilometers, degrees, seconds, etc.) is the independent variable and some quantity (milligals, gammas, density, seismic amplitude, etc.) is the dependent variable. See also, . Frequency Domain
Strike Filter (Pass or Reject)
A band-pass filter designed to pass or attenuate Fourier components of a potential field data set along a pre-determined angle (strike).
Structural Model (2D or 2�D)
A gravity or magnetic structural model is a 2D or 2�D density and/or susceptibility model of given or assumed geology. The geology of an area can be modeled by representing lithologic layers as equi-density and/or equi-susceptibility layers and/or blocks. The layers are formed by contrast boundaries which may or may not correspond to specific geologic formation boundaries. Where high density or susceptibility contrasts exist in nature, the model may correspond closely to those geologic formations.
For 2-dimensional modeling, the density and susceptibility models of the geology and theobserved gravity and magnetic anomalies for the model are assumed to be semi-infinite. For 2�-dimensional modeling, the third dimension y (in and out of the plane of the profile) is approximated by one or more given distances, thus providing a quasi-3D model.
A measure of the degree to which a substance may be magnetized. It is a ratio k of the intensity of magnetization I to the causative magnetic field H. It is typically expressed in micro cgs units for oil and gas exploration work. Susceptibility has been shown to be proportional to the volume percentage of magnetite contained in a rock. Susceptibility contrast is the susceptibility difference between two rocks or geologic bodies. See Density Contrast.
Three Dimensional (3D) Model
A network or grid of values which models a geologic surface represented as a surface of (gravity) or susceptibility contrast (magnetics). The output of a forward model is based on the calculated gravity or magnetic effect of a specified input surface. The output of an inverse model is the geometry of an appropriate (but non-unique) surface calculated by inverting the input gravity or magnetic field.
Total Magnetic Intensity Anomaly
The total magnetic intensity anomaly field (TI) is the resultant field after correcting TF, the total magnetic (observed) field for a regional gradient field, such as an IGRF.
Werner Deconvolution
An automated profile-based depth estimation method derived from S. Werner's analysis of magnetic anomalies from sheet-like bodies. Polynomials representing a total field anomaly or its derivative (horizontal gradient) can be simultaneously solved to estimate the depth, dip, horizontal location, and susceptibility of the source body (thin sheet or interface).
Integrated Geophysics Corporation
Versión Original
Categoría: Glosario
Glosario de Geofísica
Gravity Interpretation. Interpretación Gravitatoria
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Who will defend prevention when Senator Harkin retires?
This week the Obama Administration signaled its intent to raid the Prevention and Public Health Fund to help cover the costs of running federal health exchanges unless Congress approves additional funding for fiscal year 2014 -- a scenario that is unlikely to happen. While it's clear that the Administration is in difficult position, trading away public health investments should not be the starting point for budget negotiations with Congress.
The announcement by Administration health officials flabbergasted Senator Tom Harkin of Iowa, a long-time prevention champion. "Robbing prevention when we know these efforts can reduce chronic disease and lower healthcare costs goes against the very mission of health care reform," said Harkin, who reminded the Obama administration of its pledge not to raid the fund.
and tell them why the Prevention and Public Health Fund is worth saving -- a modest investment now means healthier, thriving communities in the long run.
Prevention helps decreases health care costs by making sure people don't get sick, in the first place. The fact is, preventing disease and injury before they occur is the smart way to ensure good health. When we use our collective resources to create environments for children and families -- neighborhoods, schools, childcare centers, and workplaces -- that support health, wellbeing, and safety, that's when we are at our best in school, at work, and with each other.
If we're serious about fiscal responsibility, we need to invest in prevention. Every dollar we invest in prevention generates over five dollars in savings down the road. Investments in comprehensive prevention bend the cost curve and stem the rising tide of expenditures on preventable chronic diseases.
Investing in prevention is an investment in everyone's future. Health inequities put low-income communities and communities of color most at risk. The Prevention and Public Health Fund brings prevention to underserved communities to help foster health, not disease. Without these meaningful investments in prevention, we'll all be left behind.
Prevention is good for businesses' bottom lines. Right now, local businesses spend $153 billion each year on chronic diseases that are preventable -- money that could instead be spent to hire more workers, reinvest in the business, and support a vibrant, healthy workforce. Investing in prevention isn't just good for our health, it's good for business, too.
Use our online tool to contact your legislator and encourage him or her to support federal investments in prevention and public health.
Read Prevention Institute's analysis of how prevention funding fares in the President's budget proposal.


text:
Lessons from an Insurrection: A Day After D.C. Rampage, How 15 Educators From Across U.S. Helped Students Make Sense of the Chaos
By The 74 | January 7, 2021
(@Larryferlazzo / Twitter and Getty Images)
After the uprising at the Capitol, one #DC teacher drew parallels to the Woolworth Lunch Counters. Another in Minnesota discussed the limitations of the First Amendment. A look at how 15 U.S. educators helped students make sense of the chaos
'January 6th, 2021, will be a date that we study 15, 20, 50 years down the line,' social studies teacher @DaleFraza said. He and other U.S. educators weighed in on how they're helping students make sense of Wednesday's insurrection
Teachers across the country faced their students Thursday with a gut-wrenching task: Talking to them about the violent insurrection that unfolded at the U.S. Capitol less than a day before.
In D.C., where the breach of the Capitol building by pro-Trump supporters falsely claiming election fraud was in teachers' and students' own backyards, one educator drew historical parallels to white aggression at Woolworth lunch counters. A Minnesota teacher's class discussed the limitations of the First Amendment. Students in both a Colorado and New York City educator's class compared Wednesday's police reactions to those of the Black Lives Matter protests last summer.
"There need to be lessons, [class] discussions about what is happening right now. What led up to this," Washington Teachers Union president Liz Davis told The 74. "Because it didn't happen in isolation."
The 74 interviewed teachers nationwide about how they would present Wednesday's events and the lessons they're hoping students take away from those discussions.
Angelo Parodi, 5th-grade social studies, John Eaton Elementary
(Courtesy of Angelo Parodi)
Parodi wanted his students to know while these times "can be very fearful and scary, there are always people who will stand up and speak to the right thing."
On Thursday he had them read texts bolstering that message: Robert F. Kennedy's speech the night of Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination. President Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. 'For My Young Friends Who Are Afraid' by poet William Stafford.
The most recent example they discussed, Parodi added, happened Wednesday: When Congress, in spite of the insurrection, resumed to certify Joe Biden's election win. "They didn't let anything, not even a civil war, stop them," Parodi said. "That is something to be proud about."
Kara Cisco, Minnesota 2020 Social Studies Teacher of the Year, ninth-grade civics, St. Louis Park High School
St. Louis Park, Minnesota
"The use of force — in particular the use of tear gas, rubber bullets, flashbangs, grenades — was exponentially faster in Minneapolis," where many of Cisco's students experienced police violence during protests following the killing of George Floyd, than after the breach of the Capitol. This, she said, "adds an additional layer of complexity to my job, which is helping students parse that out, within the context of the Constitution. We're constantly going back to, in this case, the First Amendment and what is clear and present danger, what are the words and what are the limitations of freedom of speech?"
While some teachers in other districts were directed to "maintain a position of neutrality," she instead chose to start conversations "rooted in criticality," she said. "The questions that we pose as teachers are powerful in that they invite students to develop their own critical consciousness and their critical thinking skills in unique ways. Our power lies not in telling, but in asking big questions, and inviting students to engage…. Being a teacher is such a privilege right now because I have the ability to process this with students in a way that the average person doesn't. … Does law enforcement perceive Black bodies to be dangerous before they perceive white bodies to be dangerous?"
Christine Montera, 11th-grade U.S. history, East Bronx Academy
U.S. history teacher Christine Montera with some of her students at their June 2019 graduation. (Christine Montera)
Montera was up all night Wednesday, trying to figure out which "anchor texts" to use to teach her three classes about the day's nightmarishly surreal events, while also worrying about the ways to break through the barriers of remote learning on such a sensitive topic.
"As a white person and teacher, I always have a lot of concerns about me not hurting them more," she said. "I try to get a read on where they're at because I can't — I won't pretend to know what their experience of this is."
The teenagers said they were angry and frustrated — one said they felt hopeless, she said. All of them asked, "What would have happened, if this had been Black people?"
Montera addressed the stark differences in the ways law enforcement and government officials reacted to the Black Lives Matter protests over the summer, versus yesterday's white-led insurrection. She's not sure what, but plans to come up with an action plan her students can execute moving forward so they don't feel so powerless.
"I personally think that it's my duty as a U.S. history teacher to talk about these things and address them. I hope that other teachers see it the same, especially teachers of students who are white, and in different places, not just the South Bronx where I teach, but in places where this could make a difference."
Cosby Hunt, AP U.S. History and D.C. History teacher, Thurgood Marshall Academy
(Inspired Teaching website)
Hunt was still processing Wednesday's events later that night. "I'm mad, really mad," he wrote in an email. But he already had plans for Thursday's classes: "In D.C History, we'll talk about the parallels between the 'mutiny' of Rev[olutionary] War veterans in 1783 and what happened today," he said.
"In [A.P. U.S. History], I think I'm just going to open up the floor to students sharing what they're thinking and wondering. I may do free write with sentence starters like: 'I saw… I heard… I'm feeling… I wonder about …'"
Dale Fraza, social studies, 360 High School
Providence high school social studies teacher Dale Fraza, top right, with his advisory students during their 2019 holiday event. (Dale Fraza)
Fraza opted to begin his lesson today by underscoring the gravity of Wednesday's events.
"I'm going to start by addressing that January 6th, 2021, will be a date that we study 15, 20, 50 years down the line," he told The 74 Wednesday night.
Fraza said he would invite questions and concerns then would use disturbing photos and video clips of the mob overrunning the Capitol to prompt student discussion in breakout rooms online. He plans to close by examining statements from public figures, such as former President Barack Obama and President Donald Trump, who now faces the prospect of a second impeachment or being removed from office via the 25th Amendment.
His 360 colleague, Kelly McGahan, who said she quickly "chucked my other lesson plan in favor of covering this current event," used those same photos to prepare her own "See, Think, Wonder" exercise for her classes.
Providence high school civics teacher Kelly McGahan prepared a "See, Think, Wonder" exercise for her classes based on photos taken of the rioters and Capitol police. (Courtesy of Kelly McGahan)
Maya Chavez, a civics teacher in the city's Jorge Alvarez High School, planned an optional afterschool Google Meet session for students wanting to talk and also revised her lesson plan, titling it simply: Crisis in Democracy.
Providence high school civics teacher Maya Chaves sets out to plan a lesson following yesterday's events at the Capitol. (Courtesy of Maya Chavez)
Laura Tavares, program director for Facing History and Ourselves
Students need to process their emotions about Wednesday's events to understand the political ramifications of them, said Tavares, who helped create a lesson teachers anywhere can use that already has 100,000 views online. The lesson, "Responding to the Insurrection in the U.S. Capitol" suggests questions teachers can ask to draw students out, like:
How do you feel about the insurrection and what is happening in the aftermath?
What questions about right and wrong, fairness or injustice, did insurrection raise for you?
How should individuals or politicians act in order to protect our democratic institutions?
"It's good practice to make a reflective space before we dive more deeply into other questions," she said. "We feel a need to balance the head and the heart and also ask questions about ethics and behavior."
Cassandra Garcia, Spanish, Central High School
Rapid City, South Dakota
Cassandra Garcia, a high school Spanish teacher in Rapid City, South Dakota, offers in-person instruction during the pandemic. (Cassandra Garcia)
As a high school Spanish teacher in rural South Dakota, Garcia lost sleep wondering how to address the news in a community where more than 60 percent of residents voted to reelect President Trump. Ultimately, she decided that the lessons were too pertinent to skip.
"I couldn't ignore it and I had to provide an opportunity for these young minds to process and express their reactions," said Garcia, whose own community was subjected to social unrest last summer when Trump delivered remarks at nearby Mount Rushmore in July. To address Thursday's violence, Garcia highlighted how the mayhem was covered by newspapers in Spain, Mexico and Colombia, giving students an opportunity to learn new Spanish vocabulary, including violenta (violent) and revuelta (revolt).
"I definitely sent the message that responding with anger in the way that these people did is not appropriate," she said. "It's OK to have different opinions and it's OK to be in two separate political parties, but the more important thing is that we know how to communicate and that you listen to each other."
But in addressing the incident, she also felt a need to tread lightly.
"I don't want parents to think that I'm influencing how their children are thinking in terms of one side versus the other — but more just on how to be a good person," she said.
Rob Manuel, World History teacher at KIPP DC College Preparatory
Manuel said while he "can appreciate" pundits' and reporters' "disgust in the hypocrisy in the [Metropolitan Police Department], National Guard, and Capitol Police responses" Wednesday as opposed to last year's Black Lives Matter protests, he's decided to draw alternative comparisons when he resumes classes on Friday. (KIPP DC cancelled virtual class for Thursday).
"Instead of comparing what WOULD have happened if the rioters were black," he wrote in an email, "I plan to …. compare [Wednesday's events] to every other instance in which a group of people (especially white people) feel themselves losing the grips of power. Instead, I will push my students to compare this moment with the futile anger, aggression, and hatred seen at the Woolworth Lunch Counters, the destruction of Black Wall Street, and the actual secession of southern states to protect their right to own human beings."
Anton Schulzki, teaches "History of the Americas," William J. Palmer High School
A veteran social studies teacher, Anton Schulzki has had to face his students after multiple crises and rough points in the nation's history — the Challenger disaster, school shootings, impeachments and wars. But Wednesday's breach of the U.S. Capitol was different. "I could see their faces, but it's hard to gauge reactions in a virtual room," said Schulzki. Republican Doug Lamborn, who represents that part of the state, is one of the House members who objected to the election results.
Several students pointed out differences between police reaction to the men and women storming the Capitol and those participating in Black Lives Matter protests over the summer. "They said, 'No one is getting beaten up,'" Schulzki said. One student, troubled by the "entirety of the chaos," had to excuse himself from the class, Schulzki said. He checked on him later in the day, when the student told him, "I don't do well in those situations."
Cody Norton, 3rd-grade English language arts, Marie Reed Elementary School
(Courtesy of Cody Norton)
"Students were very angry, they were very uncomfortable and very sad," said Norton, who let part of Thursday's class be a place for students to talk about their emotions. And "they wanted to have questions answered about why the riots were taking place, the motivation of why the police response was different from racial justice protests they've seen. … Just clarification on what was happening in their city, very close to their homes and their neighborhoods."
Norton also guided class discussion toward "definitions of power. Thinking about power as a mechanism of control, where power is a limited resource and it's used to dominate, and wanting to move our thinking to power as a means of liberation, where we're trying to build a collective community that's working toward the freedom of all. … [In that vein,] Students talked about reducing gun violence. One student in particular mentioned that one way to build power and to keep people safe is thinking about the ways communities are policed."
Larry Ferlazzo, social studies teacher, Luther Burbank High School
(Courtesy of Larry Ferlazzo.)
In the Sacramento Unified School District in California, Larry Ferlazzo's English learner students were preparing to give presentations Thursday on civil wars in their home countries. "Before this afternoon I certainly would not have anticipated beginning the class showing Confederate flags being waved in the U.S. Capitol," tweeted the English and social studies teacher at Luther Burbank High School.
(Samuel Corum / Getty Images)
Elizabeth Clay Roy, CEO of Generation Citizen
While Roy isn't a teacher, the civics education nonprofit she heads is "developing resources for our educators by Friday morning," she wrote in an email. One critical tip for teachers in wake of Wednesday's events, Roy said, is that they "connect with families so that students feel supported by all of the adults in their life. Especially in the context of remote learning, it is important that parents know how this moment is being discussed in the classroom so they can invite their children to continue the conversation."
Nikki Bartlett, English teacher, Newcastle Middle School
Newcastle, Wyoming
Nikki Bartlett teaches in her middle school English classroom in Newcastle, Wyoming. (Courtesy Nikki Bartlett)
In the state where voters handed Trump's reelection bid the nation's largest margin of victory against President-elect Joe Biden, Bartlett largely avoided teaching about Wednesday's insurrection — in part because it was being discussed in social studies class. But also because she was nervous.
"It interrupts my curriculum and I was worried about where it would go," said Barlett, who acknowledged the topic did wind up in conversations during several classes on Thursday. "I was a little nervous to even field all of the questions."
While some students mentioned voter fraud and Biden's potential effects on firearm laws, discussions remained civil and most students were confused by what had transpired. One student's inquisition gave her goosebumps, she said.
"She goes, 'I don't get why they can't just accept it, numbers are facts,'" she said. "I wanted to hug her, but COVID, and I wanted to applaud her, but I couldn't. I just had to remain pretty neutral, which was the hardest part through it all. I said, 'Absolutely, you are dead on.'"
74 reporters Taylor Swaak, Laura Fay, Beth Hawkins, Linda Jacobson, Mark Keierleber, Zoë Kirsch, Patrick O'Donnell and Asher Lehrer-Small contributed to this story.
info@the74million.org
@the74
'Their Whole Sky Has Fallen': 1 in 450 Youth Have Lost a Parent or Caregiver to COVID
In Push to Renew School Accountability, Feds Urge States to Keep Eye on Pandemic's Effects
State Passes New Law Targeting Teacher Shortages, Creates New Pathways for Aspiring Educators


text:
2 Ways An Indiana Credit Union Builds Revenue
A new strategy at Purdue Federal has delivered a $1.5 million bump in interest income and an anticipated 3-basis-point jump in ROA.
By Marc Rapport
Top-Level Takeaways
Interest rate risk strategies at Purdue Federal Credit Union also generate revenue.
The Indiana credit union uses a third-party advisor to help it execute different kinds of debt and trading instruments
Purdue Federal Credit Union ($1.1B, West Lafayette, IN) is using rate swaps and hedging to simultaneously dampen interest rate risk and generate revenue.
Purdue Federal began interest rate swaps shortly after the NCUA granted the credit union derivative-trading approval in December 2015. Since then, the strategy has generated approximately $1.5 million in extra interest income from the loans Purdue Federal has been able to hold rather than sell.
These swaps are basically agreements between the credit union and a trading partner to trade one stream of interest payments for another over a set period. Derivative contracts have allowed Purdue Federal to hold an additional $80 million in first mortgages in a real estate loan portfolio that grew 18.71% year-over-year to $628.42 million in the second quarter of this year.
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Meanwhile, the credit union expects its mortgage pipeline hedging strategy to add 3 basis points a year to its ROA.
Purdue Federal works with an outside advisor to administer the hedging program, which helps the credit union provide rate locks to members while mitigating risk from rising interest rates.
Purdue Federal Credit Union's derivatives program has helped it hold on to a much higher percentage of the mortgages it originates than other credit unions with $1 billion to $10 billion in assets, according to second quarter data from Callahan & Associates.
The strategy involves evaluating new loans daily, lowering risk by taking daily losses and gains while committing the mortgages to future sales as much as 120 days out at a to-be-announced price.
Hedging helps dampen the market risk that occurred when Purdue Federal was selling loans to Fannie Mae with the typical 45-day delivery date. So do the four interest rate swap transactions the credit union currently has on its balance sheet.
Brian Musser, CfO, Purdue Federal
Whereas these kinds of debt and trading instruments are considered quite liquid and fairly plain vanilla in trading circles, they're not for amateurs.
"I wouldn't recommend trying to do these yourselves," says Brian Musser, Purdue Federal's CFO since 1991.
He says it required some effort to get the programs up and running; however, now it's the third-party advisor that does the heavy lifting. Musser and his team focus on growing a robust lending operation that includes an unusually large mortgage market share.
Purdue Federal's first mortgage penetration is well above the average credit union its size, despite a membership that includes a sizable share of far-flung Purdue gradates.
Musser says Purdue Federal's penetration rate jumps up to 7.98% when counting loans it has sold but still services.
Purdue Federal ranked first among all lenders in its home Tippecanoe County market, according to data available in MortgageAnalyzer from Callahan & Associates. In 2015, the most recent year for which HMDA data is available, the credit union captured a 13.54% share in applications and 20.43% in market share in dollar amount of loans funded, with 758 loans funded out of 973 applications.
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Musser says when loans for other entities are added in ― including FHA loans closed for Quicken Mortgage ― Purdue Federal actually took 1,601 applications in 2015 and funded 961 of them for $172,121,958.
Purdue Federal uses ALM First as it advisor for interest rate swaps and internal hedgine. Find your next partner in Callahan's online Buyer's Guide.
The growing portfolio, and accompanying interest rate risk, is the result of Purdue Federal's decision to build its first mortgage volume as the refinance market faded.
Building relationships with local realtors; adding new products, such as a competitively priced construction loan; and deepening ties to the residential rental business that flourishes around a major university has helped drive that mortgage business. Now, the credit union's derivatives and hedging work is keeping the interest rate volatility in check.
$1B Or More Earnings Feature Article Income Indiana Mortgages Net Interest Margin Purdue Federal Credit Union


text:
5 Upcoming Sports Video Games to Be Excited For
nabiak October 9, 2019, 12:03 pm
The gaming industry has grown to a size where it is larger than the music and movie industries combined. Yes, the video game market is bigger than Hollywood. Although they appeal to a specific audience, video games are still the talk of the town. This craze has led many leading sports bodies to launch their own official versions for the avid gamer. And what a success it has been.
With FIFA 20 just out and winning hearts across the globe, we look at some other highly anticipated games that will be out in late 2019 or 2020. Here's a list of upcoming sports games you should be excited about:
After FIFA, Football Manager is one of the most preferred games for soccer enthusiasts. Football Manager 2020 is the sixteenth instalment in the series by Sports Interactive Studios. The game is loved by fans who love to not only play football but also work behind the scenes, creating strategies for their team, deciding formations and tactics for each game, ultimately taking their team to the top.
The game is expected to come out in November 2019.
This game is for the skating enthusiasts. Session is the first iteration for the game coming out in 2020. Coming from Creature Studios it allows players to perform gravity-defying stunts resembling the famous X-Games. All these are presented in high-quality graphics using some of the most sophisticated tools available on the market.
The World Wrestling Entertainment is a name we are all familiar with. Most of the generation that enjoys video games has grown up watching stars like The Rock, John Cena, Triple H and the like. Over the years WWE has expanded with new rosters and other features like NXT. The WWE 2K20 games features all these additions with improvements in the performance and visuals department as well.
The game is set to release on October 22nd, 2019.
Basketball is one of the most loved sports in America and in other places around the world too. Steph Curry, Lebron James and James Harden with their high-flying dunks and adrenaline-charged plays have become household names over the years. With NBA Live 20 from EA Sports, gamers have the ability to step in the shoes of their most loved players and recreate those amazing moves that they do.
NBA Live 20 is a simulator series slated for release in December 2019.
If you are a skateboarder or want to be one, Skate 4 is the game for you. It is the fourth instalment in the series and works as a simulator where players can challenge themselves to skateboarding like they've never done before. Skate 4 comes from EA so there is little doubt that it going to disappoint. The Skate series has become quite popular since its release in 2007.
Video games are a source of entertainment for those with a zeal for it. Even adults sometimes feel the urge to revisit the good old days when the original PS or PS2 was out. With these upcoming sports games, everyone has something to be excited for.
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Written by nabiak
I may earn a small commission for my endorsement, recommendation, testimonial, and/or link to any products or services from this website.
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Do You Want To Save Tax?
Are you one of the thousands of taxpayers in the country not claiming the correct tax credits and reliefs available and consequently overpaying tax each year? We provide a personal tax service which includes a review of your tax position to ensure that you are taking all steps to minimize your tax liability. Our approach to the preparation of a tax return is to identify credits and allowances often not availed of. We can also review your tax returns for previous years and make applications for appropriate refunds where applicable.


text:
Q: Getting better performance with transactions I am running some simple tests with SQL Server Management Studio v18.5 and SQL Server 12, to test a possible migration to Identity columns or the use of Sequences, because of performance issues on large inserts, when using strategies like INSERT INTO(...); SELECT MAX(ID) + 1 FROM dbo.Test (...); and the like.
I am getting better performance with transactions and I don't understand, nor find, the reason why.
When I only select and run what's inside the transaction, there are velocity differences.
Here is the code I am using:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TEST_MIGRATION] (
    [ID] INT NOT NULL,
    [Nome] INT NOT NULL,
    [Pass] INT NOT NULL
);

Test for INSERT INTO(...); SELECT MAX(ID) + 1 FROM dbo.Test (...);:

BEGIN TRAN

    DECLARE @i int = 1;

    WHILE @i < 10000
    BEGIN
        SET @i = @i + 1;

        INSERT INTO TEST_MIGRATION (ID, Nome, Pass)
        VALUES ((SELECT MAX(ID) + 1 FROM TEST_MIGRATION), @i, @i + 20);
    END

--COMMIT TRAN
ROLLBACK TRAN

The results for this one were:
[With Transaction Rollback]
Result test 1:
00:01:16
Result test 2:
00:02:11
[With Transaction Commit]
Result test 1:
00:02:28

The sequence:

DECLARE @ID INT = (SELECT ISNULL(MAX(ID) + 1, 0) FROM TEST_MIGRATION);

EXEC ('
    CREATE SEQUENCE TEST_MIGRATION_ID_Seq
    START WITH ' + @ID +
    ' INCREMENT BY 1;'
)
;

ALTER TABLE TEST_MIGRATION
ADD CONSTRAINT df_TEST_MIGRATION_ID
DEFAULT (NEXT VALUE FOR dbo.TEST_MIGRATION_ID_Seq) FOR ID
;

BEGIN TRAN

    DECLARE @i int = 1;

    WHILE @i < 10000
    BEGIN
        SET @i = @i + 1;

        INSERT INTO TEST_MIGRATION (Nome, Pass)
        VALUES (@i, @i + 20);

    END

COMMIT TRAN

The results for this one were:
[With Transaction Rollback]
Result test 1:
00:00:01
Result test 2:
00:00:01
Result test 3:
00:00:02
[With Transaction Commit]
Result test 1:
00:00:01
Result test 2:
00:00:00
[Without Transaction]
Result test 1:
00:00:07
Result test 2:
00:00:08
Result test 3:
00:00:07

With the Identity column:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TEST_MIGRATION_IDENTITY] (
    [ID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1),
    [Nome] INT NOT NULL,
    [Pass] INT NOT NULL
);

BEGIN TRAN

    DECLARE @i int = 1;

    WHILE @i < 10000
    BEGIN
        SET @i = @i + 1;

        INSERT INTO TEST_MIGRATION_IDENTITY(Nome, Pass)
        VALUES (@i, @i + 20);

    END

COMMIT TRAN

These were the results for this one:
[With Transaction Rollback]
Result test 1:
00:00:00
Result test 2:
00:00:00
[With Transaction Commit]
Result test 1:
00:00:00
Result test 2:
00:00:00
[Without Transaction]
Result test 1:
00:00:07
Result test 2:
00:00:07

TL;DR: I am geting better performance with the use of transaction, opposed to query blocks alone. What is the explanation for this?

A:
I am geting better performance with the use of transaction, opposed to query blocks alone

Without a transaction SQL Server must flush the log file after every INSERT.  This is a physical IO and your session waits after each INSERT for the log to be hardened to disk.
With a transaction SQL Server doesn't have to flush the log after each INSERT.  Instead the log is written asynchronously in the background, and you only have to wait for the transaction's last log record to be hardened at commit transaction.

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Serafina hadn't been to this estate since her wedding day, and even looking at it now, a wave of nostalgia hit her.
It was a beautiful mansion with cream walls and Greek columns, windows on almost every side, and was generally surrounded by well-kept lush green grass and flowers, but given the snowfall, it was surrounded by fields of white. Unlike Salvatore's estate, it was much smaller and had only two floors with a single basement. Being rectangular in shape, it wasn't divided into wings, but there were certain rooms which had been kept closed off to the public when the Costa's resided here.
She knew this mansion like the back of her hand and could very easily make her way around with her eyes closed and knew every single secret this house had to offer. Having lived here for almost 5 years, she was well acquainted with not only the architecture but also the people.
When she had lived here, Serafina divided the household's staff in three, those who adored her, those who despised her, and those who were indifferent to her existence.
Now she had to wonder how many people remained, and how many of them would be willing to talk to her.
Inhaling deeply, she stepped out of the car, her ankle length boots crunching the snow beneath her feet as she was flagged by Russo, Tazio, and three bodyguards: two of them were her brother's personal henchmen and the third his contracted assassin. The more dangerous people she was surrounded with, the safer she would be, was her brother's thought, but Serafina knew that no amount of fear would help her in this situation.
Russo pushed open the wooden door and Serafina inhaling sharply once she entered.
It was no longer how she remembered it.
All the pictures, painting, furniture, electronics, upholstery, everything. Gone. The walls barren and the floor devoid beside a long table where various men sat and all chattered together, a cacophony of sounds infiltrating the interior as Serafina couldn't even remember ever there having been so much noise in the interior.
She did not know whether to feel sad that the place she had made her home was now no more, or whether she should be glad that it ceased to exist given her fiancé's ulterior motive.
Suddenly the noise died down as the scraping of chairs filled the room, all the men standing and greeting her with bowed heads as they knew she was the sister of the man who had taken over the Costa mafia without so much as a fight, and they were a force to be reckoned with.
"Who is the head of staff?" Serafina's voice rang clear through the interior as the men remained silent.
"That would be me, madam, " A man with dark oak skin came walking down the stairs in a two-piece black suit and grey undershirt, beady black eyes with a bald head that seemed to shine in the lighting.
"This is Silvio Gonzales, your brother had him brought from Tbilisi to overlook his operations here, " Tazio whispered into her ear as the man approached.
"Brought?" Serafina questioned in confusion.
"Transferred, " Russo murmured to her left.
"How may I be of assistance, Ms. Regnante?" Silvio inquired, bowing to her as Serafina felt as if though she could see her reflection in his bald head.
"Is there a private place we could talk, Mr. Gonzales?"
"Of course, please, this way, "
She was led down the stairs and towards a room in the basement which had been a lounge for the guards under Paolo's reign but now had been converted into a conference room. Tazio and Russo followed her inside as the three guards remained standing outside when the door closed.
"Mr. Gonzales, I have been sent here on behalf of my brother and I would like to see a list with all the staff's names."
"Of course, ma'am, " He nodded without a question, leaving the three as he went to get a list.
"Why a list?" Russo asked, swiveling in his chair. "Why not just go up to the men upstairs and ask what's been going on?"
he turned around and began walking.
"Wait here, " She muttered to Tazio, walking after the man and disappearing behind a corner.
Her breath gave in fogy mists as she caught up to him, grabbing his shoulder and turning him around.
"You know something, " She stated with certainty. "And you want me to know that you know something, "
"I don't know what you're talking about ma'am, " Alessandro shrugged.
He had been the second last man she had met with and his response had been very much like that of the others, but now, his eyes gave away the truth. Something was going on and this man was in on it.
"Tell me, what's going on?"
"I've told you before, " He stated with nonchalance, beginning to walk away. "I don't know."
"Alessandro, " She called after him, chasing after him, but gasping when her foot broke through the snow, nearly sending her toppling as a shallow ditch was beneath her feet.
Pulling out her soaked boot, she looked up, grunting when he had disappeared.
With resignation, she knew it was time to head back.
Once at the estate, she went up to Salvatore's room and settled down at the edge of his bed as he was slowly walking the length of the floor.
"I had no luck with learning anything from the guards, " She sighed, bracing her knees. "What about you?"
"Just learned all that we already knew: it was Gia who had ordered the weaponry; and Gia who ordered the attack; and Gia who wants to see you dead, " He informed as he scratched the pup behind his ear. "Nothing new, "
"So we have made zero progress, " Serafina groaned, falling back on the bed and rubbing her eyes.
Salvatore came and settled against the headrest, rubbing his temples before nudging her with his foot. Removing her hands from her eyes she glared at him.
"Let's watch a movie, "
"How can you think of watching a movie when I might be dying?" She sat up, staring at her brother incredulously.
"Yes, dying of boredom, "
She gave him a deadpanned look before relenting. Thinking that a movie would help combat the lack of progress they've had.
Leaning against the headboard, her brother turned on the flat screen T.V. before they bickered back and forth on what movie to watch before eventually relenting and picking one with their eyes closed.
Half way through the film, Salvatore fell asleep, but Serafina sat upright, watching the screen, but not comprehending as the events of the day buzzed through her mind. The change, the people, the faces, the news, it all had a very sad feel to it and Serafina didn't understand what to do. Heaving a sigh, she leaned against the headboard and closed her eyes, falling asleep without meaning to.


We don't do these things by halves… so we bought two. How else could we use a Sony α7S II to capture the unboxing of *another* Sony α7S II? 😉 Our Sony α7S II twins now keep each other company in our kitbag. It will be so fantastic to have two identical cameras rolling during the ceremonies and speeches of the weddings we record.
For now, what I can tell you is that the can virtually see in the dark. Its ISO sensitivity goes up to 409600 (not a typo)! They can record 4K movies on a full frame sensor and they have 5-axis image stabilisation within the camera.
We're looking forward to spending more time with out two Sony α7S II cameras during our next few weddings. Should you or anyone you know need videography or photography for a wedding, birthday or special event, please don't hesitate to contact us at Pause The Moment!


Commission: Employer led training and employment pathways into construction for ex-offenders.
The project will reduce skills gaps and crime re-offending rates by working with construction industry partners and rehabilitation specialists to offer sustainable employment opportunities to serving prisoners and ex-offenders.
The project will develop an infrastructure to design, test and deliver long-term construction training and support for 400 businesses resulting in 60 sustained job outcomes by 31 March 2019.
The project will test the model in London in year one, include Birmingham in year two and Manchester in year three.
600 participating in business challenge days with 400 employers.


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How long does it take to raise a Wagyu cow?
Is it hard to raise wagyu cattle?
How long do wagyu cows live before slaughter?
Are wagyu cows raised humanely?
How much does a wagyu calf cost?
Why is Wagyu beef illegal?
Do Wagyu cows drink beer?
Are Wagyu cows treated well?
Can you buy a Wagyu cow?
Why is Wagyu expensive?
Are Wagyu cows happy?
What do Wagyu cows drink?
Are Wagyu cows not allowed to move?
Is Wagyu better than Angus?
How much is an 8 oz Wagyu steak?
What does a Wagyu cow eat?
On the fattening farms, Wagyu cattle are raised in barns and are given names instead of just a number. They are kept on a diet of rice straws, whole crop silage and concentrate, and allowed to grow up to about 700kg, which takes about three years (for normal beef, it's 15 months).
Over a period of decades, expert Japanese farmers have honed their cultivation techniques to ensure that their cows develop evenly marbled fat deposits and do not build tense, tough meat. Luckily for the cattle, this often means a bit of extra pampering and very little exerted effort.
Prior to the 20th century, the Japanese Black cattle were considered the workhorses of that islands farms. Improved through the years by crossbreeding with foreign cattle, that grouping now accounts for 90 percent of Wagyu raised in Japan, with a slaughter age of 28 to 30 months and average grade there of BMI 5.6.
Yes, Wagyu beef is humanely raised. Calves necessarily feed on mother's milk, then graze in green meadows, and at a certain age, they begin to feed on corn grain. … Wagyu cows are provided with everything to make their life stress-free.
IT IS INTERESTING: What gems are found in Japan?
High-grade wagyu can cost up to $200 per pound. The rarest steak in the world, olive wagyu, can cost anywhere from $120 to over $300 for a steak. Wagyu calves can be 40 times the price of US cattle. The adult cows can sell for as much as $30,000.
Between then and the 2001 US ban, only the most absolutely elite restaurants imported the beef. The US initially banned Kobe beef cattle exporting due to fears of spreading mad cow disease in the early 2000s, and for the next decade, the bans were lifted and reinstated and lifted again, according to NBC News.
Mr. Lee said, "most wagyu farmers are doing the basic things of creating a living environment for their cows, rather than letting them drink beer and relax. … There are various types of feed and the combinations of the feed are controlled carefully according to the condition and age of the cow, as well as the season".
There are plenty of stories out there about the special treatment Wagyu beef cows receive, including tales about how they're massaged daily, fed beer and sake, and how soothing music is played in their holding pens. Unfortunately, these tales are unfounded, though the cows are treated humanely and with respect.
You can only buy Japanese Wagyu in the U.S. in extremely limited supply. As for live animals, there was a blip in the permanent ban between 1975 and 1997, when Japan did allow the export of a handful of animals. Those first few cattle began the seed stock of various breeding programs in the U.S. and beyond.
IT IS INTERESTING: Is insurance compulsory in Japan?
Wagyu cattle are fed for twice as long as regular cattle, which means these animals are more expensive to rear. Whereas regular cattle are fed for approximately 18 months, Wagyu cattle typically feed for around three years.
Wagyu cows are raised in a relaxing environment so they produce good meat. Wagyu cows grow more healthily in a stress-free environment filled with pampering and tender loving care. … The cattle here are treated like kings, and it shows in the amazing flavor of the meat.
Kobe beef is a special grade of beef from (Wagyu) cattle raised in Kobe, Japan. These cattle are massaged with sake and are fed a daily diet that includes large amounts of beer. This produces meat that is extraordinarily tender, finely marbled, and full-flavored.
Even though Wagyu cows get proper treatment, healthy food, and a stress-free environment, Wagyu beef is not raised humanely because it is restricted in movement and is forced-fed to gain weight and to get fat veins.
Wagyu is definitely a premium beef product. It is different than Angus and other domestic breeds. … Wagyu generally exhibits somewhat more marbling than USDA Prime with some subtle differences in the fat type and content, but to say that it is "better" than high quality Angus/Angus cross beef is a bit of a stretch.
Wagyu beef has become a bit more affordable in recent times because ranches across the American Southwest are specialising in breeding these types of Japanese cows. Even so, the price for an 8 oz. steak hovers around $60.
IT IS INTERESTING: Why do Japanese drink so much?
Wagyu cows have a varied diet, part of which does include various types of grass. They do tend to be put out to pasture, meaning they can eat fresh grass, but they also eat dried grass and hay, such as ryegrass, bermuda, alfalfa, and rice straw.


That evening I went dancing. Old men, as always, approach me, telling me strange things, and taking my hand and timidly touching the inside of my palm. Old men, who could behave like gentlemen, behave like timid adolescents.
A group dance, similar to a hora, starts and I join. An old man enters the circle, and he holds my left hand.
Soon, coming from the left, I smell urine. He dances surprisingly well, while I struggle with the steps. After a while, there is no more hand-holding, though we continue dancing. The smell doesn't go away. At some stage I bring my hand towards the face and just in time, I realize that my hand smells of stale urine. Yuuk!! I go and wash meticulously and then re-enter the circle at another spot, watching the same old man, dancing graciously. And you know what? In his own way, he is cute. Old, he enjoys life. He holds somebody else's obviously grimacing. I watch his steps. He knows the the coreography for each tune and never misses a step. Incontinent and talented. And so old!
Dreams, lies, poetry – does it work?
Abandoned With my 'Fingers Burnt'?


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Home » HEADLINE, NASCAR
Kyle Busch Trucks To 60th Win
Kyle Busch celebrates his Truck Series victory. (Photo by Kevin C. Cox/Getty Images)
HAMPTON, Ga. – Kyle Busch, like a few of his fellow NASCAR drivers, spent the week competing in the Bristol Dirt Nationals. However, before the Bristol finale Saturday night, the Las Vegas native flew to Atlanta for the Fr8 Auctions 200 and easily recorded his 60th NASCAR Truck victory in that event.
"There were definitely some things I was trying today (Saturday) that I felt would be a little bit representative of tomorrow (Sunday)," said Busch, who cruised to a 4.133-second victory over Austin Hill. "Trying the top, trying the bottom, seeing what lines and where the grip was, and when we did make changes to the truck what it did in each of those grooves. I was always kinda moving around throughout the race to try to find some different things and feel some different things."
Busch and fellow Kyle Busch Motorsports driver John Hunter Nemechek dominated Saturday's NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race at Atlanta Motor Speedway, leading all but seven of the 130 laps.
Nemechek led twice for 21 laps and won the first two stages, giving him five Stage wins this season, before settling for a third-place finish. It was his third top-five finish in four races this year, allowing him to maintain his lead in the standings.
"One of the things Kyle and I talked about when I first came over to Kyle Busch Motorsports in the last year was to kinda have that championship mindset," Nemechek said. "If you can't win, you want to maximize your points' days. You don't want to bust your butt. You've got to finish the best you possibly can.
"To have that win (at Las Vegas) under our belt already is security, but that doesn't change our mindset. We want to go out and win every single thing that we can. Our mindset is obviously on the championship to be in that final four come Phoenix at the year-end finale."
The NASCAR Camping World Truck Series moves to Bristol next weekend for its first of two scheduled dirt races this season. The other one is July 9 in Knoxville, Iowa.
NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Race – 13th Annual Fr8Auctions 200
Atlanta Motor Speedway
Hampton, Georgia
(6) Austin Hill, Toyota, 130.
(1) John Hunter Nemechek, Toyota, 130.
(13) Johnny Sauter, Toyota, 130.
(8) Sheldon Creed, Chevrolet, 130.
(7) Zane Smith, Chevrolet, 130.
(40) Ross Chastain(i), Chevrolet, 130.
(10) Brett Moffitt, Chevrolet, 130.
(4) Stewart Friesen, Toyota, 130.
(19) Grant Enfinger, Toyota, 130.
(17) Carson Hocevar #, Chevrolet, 130.
(29) Derek Kraus, Toyota, 129.
(15) Parker Kligerman, Chevrolet, 129.
(32) Ryan Truex, Chevrolet, 129.
(9) Todd Gilliland, Ford, 129.
(30) Tyler Ankrum, Chevrolet, 129.
(14) Tanner Gray, Ford, 129.
(39) Spencer Davis, Toyota, 129.
(28) Hailie Deegan #, Ford, 129.
(18) Josh Berry(i), Chevrolet, 129.
(12) Austin Wayne Self, Chevrolet, 128.
(26) Chase Purdy #, Chevrolet, 128.
(24) Jordan Anderson(i), Chevrolet, 128.
(22) Tate Fogleman, Chevrolet, 128.
(34) Cory Roper, Ford, 127.
(21) Danny Bohn, Toyota, 127.
(20) Codie Rohrbaugh, Chevrolet, 126.
(16) Timothy Peters, Chevrolet, 126.
(27) Dawson Cram, Chevrolet, 126.
(35) Bret Holmes, Chevrolet, 126.
(25) Spencer Boyd, Chevrolet, 125.
(36) Ryan Ellis(i), Chevrolet, 124.
(11) Chandler Smith #, Toyota, 124.
(31) Bill Lester, Ford, 123.
(38) Akinori Ogata, Toyota, 123.
(33) Jennifer Jo Cobb, Chevrolet, 117.
(23) Raphael Lessard, Chevrolet, Transmission, 115.
Average Speed of Race Winner: 133.888 mph.
Time of Race: 1 Hrs, 29 Mins, 43 Secs. Margin of Victory: 4.133 Seconds.
Lap Leaders: M. Crafton 1-3;K. Busch(i) 4-28;J. Nemechek 29-45;K. Busch(i) 46-59;J. Nemechek 60-63;K. Busch(i) 64-101;C. Purdy # 102-105;K. Busch(i) 106-130.
Leaders Summary (Driver, Times Lead, Laps Led): Kyle Busch(i) 4 times for 102 laps; John Hunter Nemechek 2 times for 21 laps; Chase Purdy # 1 time for 4 laps; Matt Crafton 1 time for 3 laps.
Stage #1 Top Ten: 4,51,16,52,44,19,88,21,2,13
Stage #2 Top Ten: 4,51,52,16,44,2,21,45,88,19


text:
Q: Proper usage of try/catch block in JavaScript I have a try/catch block that I have written into the JetBrains Webstorm IDE that is giving me an error.  The error reads as follows: "'throw' of exception caught locally / This inspection reports any instances of JavaScript throw statements whose exceptions are always caught by containing try statements.  Using throw statements as a 'goto' to change the local flow of control is likely to be confusing."
try {
    var invoice = parseInt(localStorage[0]);
    if (isNaN(invoice)) {
        console.warn("invoice NaN; let's fix that...");
        throw "executing catch";
    }
}
catch (e) {
    console.log(e);
    this.test();
    invoice = 1;
}
finally {
    localStorage[invoice] = JSON.stringify(Ticket);
    console.log("localStorage[" + invoice + '] : ' + localStorage[invoice]);
    localStorage[0] = parseInt(localStorage[0]) + 1;
}

If I place the activity from the catch block into the if block of the try block, then i will have no need of try/catch/finally.  So how else would you throw an error other than with a conditional statement (if), and how can you avoid using throw as a "goto"?
Thanks!

A: This functions identically and is much cleaner.  Why throw/catch?
try {
    var invoice = parseInt(localStorage[0]);
    if(isNaN(invoice)){
        console.warn("invoice NaN; let's fix that...");
        console.log("executing catch");   // not really needed
        this.test();
        invoice = 1;
    }
} finally {
    localStorage[invoice] = JSON.stringify(Ticket);
    console.log("localStorage[" + invoice + '] : ' + localStorage[invoice]);
    localStorage[0] = parseInt(localStorage[0]) + 1;
}


Known by nicknames like Sassy and Sailor, Vaughan was a jazz singer who was the recipient of the NEA Jazz Masters Award in 1989 for her exceptional contributions to American music.
She played at Newark night clubs as the pianist even though she was underaged.
She won the Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Performance, Female.
She married four times: first to George Treadwell in 1947, then to Clyde Atkins in 1958, then to Marshall Fisher in 1971, and finally to Waymon Reed in 1978.
In 1943, she opened concerts for Ella Fitzgerald.


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WHAT AIRLINE PAINT JOBS DON'T YOU LIKE?
Which of the three existing United ones are you referring to?
I don't like the Air Jamaica colors.
Do you see it when you are flying?
I don't like United's dirty brown color. I think they use it on their Airbus planes. Just curious, when they paint a plane, do they remove the old paint first? A lot of paint could add to the weight of a plane.
UA's never used brown color. The UA liveries you can see now are the battleship grey (94-03), the blue tulip (03-10) and the Continental globe (10-current). Before that was the rainbow (74-93).
And yes, they strip all the old paint before repainting.
I'd call the TED color orange.
I find the Southwest livery quite ugly. Aer Lingus is an ugly shade of green. I hate the font on Continental, but it is otherwise an okay livery - the serif font on such a blank plane just doesn't work.
Most of the special liveries are awful, with the CO Peter Max plane being especially bad, since it involves Peter Max.
Yes, it is the grey that I don't like. Too dark in my opinion. Many of their 757's are painted in white and blue which looks better, IMO.
Haha, Peter Max. That was the most funky paint job on an aircraft, in my opinion, along with QF's "Wunala Dreaming".