text:
General Medicine: Open Access
Do Late Phase Hyperbaric and Normobaric Oxygen Therapies have Effect on Liver Damage? An Experimental Sepsis Model
Atilla Bektas1*, Meltem Ulusoy2 and Mehmet Refik Mas3,4
*Correspondence: Atilla Bektas, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Akropol Hospital, Turkey, Tel: 00905058745426, Email:
Author info »
Background: Sepsis is fatal presentation which affects many systems with possible progression to organ dysfunction and organ failure. Among these organs liver plays an important role in the prognosis of this syndrome. This study investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and normobaric oxygen (NBO) therapies on liver damage and oxidative stress in an experimental sepsis model.
Materials and Methods: Forty males Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups as sham group (n=10), control (Sepsis+Cefepime) group (n=10), HBO (Sepsis+Cefepime+HBO) group (n=10), and NBO (Sepsis+Cefepime+NBO) group (n=10). Five days after sepsis induction, animals were sacrificed. The oxidative stress parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) for antioxidant response were measured in liver tissue. Neutrophil migration using myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and its contribution to liver damage was evaluated.
Results: While MDA levels in HBO group were found to be lower than those in the control group, and comparable to those in the sham group, no difference was detected in the MDA levels between the control and NBO groups. SOD levels in NBO group were detected to be significantly higher than the control group. GSH-Px enzyme activity in HBO and NBO groups was at similar levels. Even though MPO levels in HBO group appeared to be lower than the control group, the difference did not reach statistical significance. When MPO levels and histopathological examination were evaluated, it was observed that neither HBO nor NBO administration in addition to antibiotherapy provided decrease in neutrophil infiltration which has an important role in liver damage.
Conclusion: The benefit of HBO in the treatment of sepsis in addition to the use of antibiotics has also been confirmed to be successful in this study. Furthermore the data obtained from NBO applications in this study, is thought to be potentially useful for sepsis treatment.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy; Normobaric oxygen therapy; Oxidative stress; Liver; Sepsis
Sepsis is a complex syndrome affecting many systems with progression to shock, organ dysfunction, organ failure and death by causing hemodynamic changes in particular [1-3]. Life-threatening organ dysfunction after impaired response of host against infection is implicated in this process [4,5].
Several bacterial agents are implicated in sepsis etiology. While the most frequent agents causing sepsis before antibiotics became available were Streptococci and Staphylococci , with the use of antibiotics, gram negative bacteria started to be isolated at increasingly more rates as the cause of sepsis [6,7].
Bacterial antigenic structures initiate the release of many mediators (cytokines) from endothelial cells and other cells [6,8,9]. The target organ is the vascular endothelium. When endothelial damage occurs, organ perfusion is impaired and organ failure occurs [10,11]. The most common findings in the sepsis are pulmonary, renal, intestinal, hepatic and heart failure [6,9,12].
Liver is believed to play a key role in sepsis as an active player and affected organ of the syndrome [13]. Hepatic damage in sepsis is caused by the reduced hepatic arterial blood flow due to septic shock [14]. Together with all these events in sepsis, a generalized oxidative stress occurs due to increased free radicals in the body [2,11,15]. The major antioxidant enzymes directly involved in the neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GRx) [15]. The other hand, Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the most frequently used biomarker of oxidative stress in many health problems such as cancer, psychiatry, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, or cardiovascular diseases [15,16]. In addition, MPO in neutrophils is commonly used as a marker of neutrophil infiltration and MPO levels in sepsis are shown in height [17].
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) administration is a treatment modality which was developed to prevent oxidative damage [18]. HBO has been shown to be beneficial as monotherapy or adjuvant therapy [19,20] in sepsis treatment [2]. Though there are no comparative trials in sepsis, there are some studies suggesting these benefits may also be obtained with normobaric oxygen (NBO) administration instead of HBO administration which bears difficulties regarding its use under intensive care conditions [21].
This study investigated the late phase effects of HBO and NBO therapies administered in addition to the anti-biotherapy as the current backbone sepsis therapy on liver damage which has a key role in sepsis in rats with sepsis induced by bacterial inoculation method.
With the decision numbered 09/4K of Ethics Committee of Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, research and development department, 40 healthy, young-adult, male Wistar rats with the weights between 300 and 400 grams were used. Animals were kept under same laboratory conditions throughout the study and fed with commercial rat feed and normal tap water.
Administration of HBO and NBO oxygen therapy
For HBO and NBO administration, specially designed and manufactured cylindrical high-pressure chamber with the diameter of 40 cm and length of 60 cm with a nickel-chromium steel body tested for its resistance against 10 ATA pressure was used. For HBO, a pressure of 2.4 ATA was applied, and for NBO a pressure of 1 ATA was applied [22]. Rats were divided into four groups using 'simple random sampling' method.
Sham group (Sham) (n=10)
Intraperitoneal (IP) normal saline was administered at an equal volume to Escherichia coli given for sepsis induction.
Control group (Sepsis+Cefepime) (n=10)
Following sepsis induction, 50 mg/kg cefepime via IP route was given twice a day with no additional therapy [21].
NBO group (Sepsis+Cefepime+NBO) (n=10)
Following sepsis induction, 50 mg/kg cefepime via IP route was given twice a day together with NBO (5 L/min 2.2 × 90 min/day, 5 day) therapy [21].
HBO group (Sepsis+Cefepime+NBO) (n=10)
Following sepsis induction, 50 mg/kg cefepime via IP route was given twice a day together with HBO (at 2.4 ATA, 2 × 90 min/day, 5 day) therapy. Five days after sepsis induction, animals were sacrificed and liver tissue samples were collected.
Sepsis induction
E. coli ATCC 25922 strain H110 was used in the experiment. 1 cc of E. coli bacilli (ATCC 25922)/ml). The rats in the sepsis groups were given 1 ml SF IP containing 2.1 × 109 CFU live E. coli. The sepsis table was confirmed by rectal temperature increase, respiratory rate and pulse rate. Rats in sepsis-induced groups (Control, NBO, HBO) were given 50 mg/kg cefepime IP twice daily after induction of sepsis [23].
Preparation of liver tissue: The hepatic tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) for lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) for antioxidant response were measured. Neutrophil migration using myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and its contribution to liver damage was planned to be evaluated [24]. First, animals were taken to ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. While on the one hand, blood was collected from the vena cava with a syringe, while the right ventricle was injected with NaCI (normal saline). The extracted liver was again washed out in cold normal saline and removed from blood debris and placed in prelabeled plastic ependorf tubes and placed in a liquid nitrogen tank to be stored at -80°C at the end of the treatment [25].
Malondialdehyde (MDA) measurement: MDA measurement was performed using the method described by Okhawa et al. For this purpose, 10% tricloracetic acid (TCA) and 0.675% thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were used. A 0.5 ml sample (homogenate) was added to 10% TCA and vortexed. Then the samples were incubated at 90°C for 15 minutes. The samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min. After that, 2 ml supernatants were added to 1 ml 0.675% TBA and vortexed. The samples were incubated at 90°C for 15 minutes. After an incubation period of 15 minutes at 90°C, the samples were absorbance at 530 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer. The extinction coefficient (1.56 × 105 cm-1M-1) of the TBA-MDA complex was used in the calculation [26].
Superoxide Dismutase Measurement (SOD): SOD measurement was performed using the method described by Sun et al. This method is based on the principle of determining the formation of blue colored formazon at 560 nm in the spectrophotometer. Therefore, reagent consisting 0.3 mmol/l xanthine, 0.6 mmol/l EDTA, 150 μmol/l NBT, 400 mmol/l Na2CO3 and 1 g/l bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared for measuring. Then 0.8 mmol/l CuCl2, 2M (NH4)2SO4 (Ammonium sulphate) were prepared and 167 U/l xanthine oxidase (XO) were prepared in ammonium sulphate. The supernatants were obtained by centrifugation at 3220 rpm for 30 min at +6°C. Supernatants and chloroform-ethanol solution were mixed in a 1:1 ratio and then vortexed [27]. The samples were centrifuged at 3220 rpm at +4 for 40 min. 50 μl of samples were added to 1425 μl measuring reagent and 25 μl 167 U/l XO. Blind tube was prepared. Following the incubation period of 20 minutes at 25°C, 200 μl of samples, and 100 μl 0.08 mM/l CuCl2 were added to Elisa Reader plate. Then the plate was absorbance at 560 nm was measured using an Elisa Reader. The absorbance values were calculated by adding the following formula:
[((K-N)/N) × D × 20]/E=U/g-protein
In this formula: K, the absorbance of the blind; N, sample absorbance; D, the amount of dilution; E, the amount of extract protein (g/ml).
Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) measurement: GSH measurement was performed using the method described by Paglia et al. In this method GSH-Px buffer (50 mM phosphate buffer pH 7 and 5 mM EDTA), 3.2 M (NH4)2SO4, 150 mM reduced glutathione (GSH), 8 mM reductive NADPH, 1 M NaN3 (Sodium Azide), GSHReductase enzyme and 2 mM H2O2 were prepared. After an incubation period of 30 minutes at 25°C, 290 μl of samples and 10 μl 2 mM H2O2 were added to Elisa reader plate. Then the plate was absorbance at 340 nm was measured using an Elisa Reader. Values were expressed as U/gprotein [28].
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity measurement: The extracts required for MPO measurement were obtained as follows; the homogenates were centrifuged at 3220 rpm for 30 minutes at +6°C. Supernatants were used to. Samples for MPO measurement were studied with USCNLIFE ELISA KIT (USCN LIFE SCIENCE INC. WUHAN). The results were determined as U/L.
All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 11.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL., USA) statistics package software. Analysis was performed using "Kruskal Wallis'' test, followed by, "Mann Whitney-U" test for the pairwise comparison of groups with significant results. In this study "Hepatic Injury Severity Scoring" was used to grade hepatic tissue damage in histopathological examination [29].
MDA level in the control (0.43 ± 0.11 mmol/g protein) and NBO groups (0.39 ± 0.09 mmol/g protein) was detected to be higher than the sham group (0.29 ± 0.04 mmol/g protein) (p<0.05). While MDA levels in HBO group (0.33 ± 0.05 mmol/g protein) were found to be lower than the control group (p<0.05) and comparable to the sham group, no difference was detected between the control and NBO groups (Table 1).
MDA (mmol/g protein)
SOD (U/g protein)
GSH-Px (U/g protein)
MPO (U/L)
Sham 0.29 ± 0.04 39.59 ± 7.82 55.03 ± 8.07 6.55 ± 1.94
Control 0.43 ± 0.11a 61.39 ± 14.88a 73.50 ± 16.79a 13.30 ± 2.77a
HBO 0.33 ± 0.05b,d 47.88 ± 9.34b,d 68.79 ± 10.94c 12.53 ± 2.54c,d
NBO 0.39 ± 0.09c 70.48 ± 11.48c 64.64 ± 12.62 14.65 ± 2.42c
p<0.05, significant decrease in HBO group compared to the control group, p<0.05, significant increase in HBO and NBO groups compared to the sham group, p<0.05, significant decrease in HBO group compared to NBO group, p<0.05, significant decrease in HBO group compared to NBO group
Table 1: Oxidant-antioxidant status and MPO activity in liver tissue SOD, GSH-PX, MDA.
SOD levels in the control (61.39 ± 14.88 U/g protein) and NBO groups (70.48 ± 11.48 U/g protein) were found to be higher than the sham group (39.59 ± 7.82 U/g protein) (p<0.05). SOD levels in NBO group (47.88 ± 9.34 U/g protein) were detected to be significantly higher than those in the control groups (Figure 1 and Table 1) (p<0.05).
Figure 1: Comparison of SOD levels in all groups.
GSH-Px levels in the control (73.50 ± 16.79 U/g protein) and HBO groups (64.64 ± 12.62 U/g protein) were found to be higher than the sham group (55.03 ± 8.07 U/g protein) (p<0.05). GSH-Px enzyme activity levels in HBO (68.79 ± 10.94 U/g protein) and NBO groups were determined to be comparable (Figure 2 and Table 1).
Figure 2: Comparison of GSH-PX levels in all groups.
MPO levels in the control (13.30 ± 2.77 U/L), HBO (12.53 ± 2.54 U/L) and NBO groups (14.65 ± 2.42 U/L) were detected to be higher than the sham group (6.55 ± 1.94 U/L) (p<0.05). While MPO levels in HBO group appeared to be lower than the control group, the difference did not reach statistical significance. While MPO levels in NBO group appeared to be higher than in the control group, no statistically significant difference was detected between the groups. On the other hand MPO levels in HBO group were found to be significantly lower than in NBO group (p<0.05) (Table 1).
Histopathological examination
When sepsis-induced groups (Control, HBO, NBO) were evaluated, while a decrease was observed in total damage in HBO and NBO groups in terms of inflammation and liver damage, the difference was not statistically significant (Table 2 and Figure 3). No difference was detected between the control group and sepsis-induced groups.
Sham (n=10)
Control (n=10)
HBO (n=10)
NBO (n=10)
Aneurysm (score) 0 1 0 4
Aneurysm 0 0 (0-1)a 0 0 (0-1)a
[median (minimum-maximum)]
Portal (score) 0 8 7 6
Parenchymal (score) 0 1 3 4
Total inflammation 0 1 (0-2)a 1 (0-2)a 1 (0-2)a
Congestion/sinusoidal dilation (score) 0 1 2 1
Congestion/sinusoidal dilation 0 0 (0-1)a 0 (0-1)a 0 (0-1)a
Total damage 0 1 (0-4)a 1 (0-2)a 1 (1-3)a
ap<0.05, significant increase in the control, HBO and NBO groups compared to the sham group.
Table 2: Evaluation of the hepatic injury severity scoring (aneurysm, inflammation and congestion/sinusoidal dilation scores) of liver.
Figure 3: Histopathologic evaluation of liver damage. In portal area, inflammatory cell infiltration is observed containing lymphocytes as majority, and also very few PMN leukocytes (A) In parenchyma, "spotty" necrosis focus containing inflammatory cells and surrounding damaged hepatocytes (B) Apparent local hepatocyte aneurysm is observed starting adjacent to portal area (bottom left corner) and containing all zones until central vein (top right corner) (C) Apparent sinusoidal dilation (D) (400X magnification, Hemotoxilen&Eosine).
In sepsis patients, alleviating liver damage and restoring liver function decrease the morbidity and mortality rates [13]. Liver dysfunction after sepsis is considered to be a risk factor independent from mortality induced by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and sepsis [13]. When viewed from this aspect, many investigators are seeking adjuvant therapy in addition to specific anti-biotherapy for the treatment of sepsis [5].
Sepsis models using live bacteria have several advantages. The strain and infecting dose of bacteria can easily be standardized. In addition, the host immune response is directed at the whole microbe. As with endotoxin models, bacterial infection models can be manipulated to produce more clinically relevant results. Irrespective of limitations, these models have proven useful and provide insights into mechanisms of the host response to pathogens 3. A controlled inoculation model was preferred for sepsis induction. The most commonly used bacterium in this model is E. coli. For this reason E. coli ATCC 25922 strain H110 was used in the experiment [30,31].
Studies regarding HBO as adjuvant therapy in sepsis have also been performed in the past, and its beneficial effects have been reported [12,32]. The role of cellular oxidative damage in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is well-known. When overly produced or inadequately cleared ROS directly attack lipid and protein structures in biological membranes and impair the membrane structure [33]. In our study, MDA levels were detected to be high in the control and in NBO groups, and comparable in HBO and the sham groups. Those results show that HBO administration in sepsis in addition to antibiotherapy decreases lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage.
Evidence demonstrating the association of endotoxemia, sepsis and septic shock with the formation and release of ROSs reveal that ROSs play an important role in sepsis and/or septic shock [34]. Gram negative bacteria such as E. coli increase oxygen consumption via lipopolysaccharides, activated neutrophils, TNF-α and other cytokines, and cause ROS formation [35]. Markers of oxidative stress measured from the peripheral venous samples is poorly reflective of hepatic tissue oxidative stress. Therefore, we measured oxidative stress markers in liver tissue [36]. It is well-known that HBO administration increases both ROS formation and antioxidant enzymes [37]. In our study, increased activity of both SOD and GSH-Px was detected in sepsisinduced groups (Control, HBO, NBO). This result may be considered as the increase in antioxidant enzymes to remove ROSs formed in sepsis. SOD levels in this NBO group were found to be higher than those in the control group. MDA values in HBO group and NBO group were observed to be close to each other. Together with the fact that MDA levels are also lower in HBO group compared to the control and NBO groups, it can be explained by the lesser oxidative damage in HBO group and the fact that the evaluation was performed 5 days after the induction, thereby, reflects late phase data.
Liver appears to be a strong sweeper of the circulating bacteria and their products, and in E. coli bacteremia, neutrophil accumulation in liver sinusoids is well-known [38]. A new study has shown apparent polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in liver cause by E. coli lipopolysaccharides [39-41]. As a main potential site for ROS production, neutrophils play an important role in the development of oxidative stress. Neutrophils activate Kupffer cells by causing oxidative stress, and contribute to microvascular dysfunction and edema formation:
1. Found in neutrophils, MPO is widely used as a marker of neutrophil infiltration and the MPO levels have been shown to be elevated in severe inflammatory processes such as sepsis
2. In support of those results, MPO levels were also higher in sepsisinduced groups in our study. In HBO group the MPO levels were detected to be lower than the control group though no statistically significant difference was observed and detected to be lower than the MPO levels of NBO group.
In rats with sepsis even though HBO and NBO administration in addition to antibiotherapy induced by controlled inoculation method using E. coli did not provide adequate histological recovery it was observed that HBO treatment reduced oxidative liver tissue damage. SOD levels in this NBO group were found to be higher than those in the control group. Studies aiming longer periods of histological recovery follow-up are needed. In NBO group the MDA and GSH-Px values were detected to be similar to those in the HBO group.
In this study the benefit of using HBO in addition to the use of antibiotics has also been confirmed. Furthermore, the data obtained from NBO applications in this study, is thought to be potentially, as well. NBO administration which is an alternative choice in the treatment of sepsis happens to be easier and less invasive procedure. Nevertheless, additional clinical studies are still needed for this specific subject.
Ethics Committee Approval
Ethics committee approval was received for this study from the Institutional Ethics Committee.
Concept–Atilla Bektaş, Mehmet Refik Mas; Design-Atilla Bektaş, Mehmet Refik Mas; Supervision-Mehmet Refik Mas; Data Collection and/or Processing-Atilla Bektaş, Meltem Ulusoy, Mehmet Refik Mas; Analysis and/or Interpretation-Atilla Bektaş, Meltem Ulusoy, Mehmet Refik Mas; Literature Search-Atilla Bektaş, Meltem Ulusoy, Mehmet Refik Mas; Writing Manuscript-Atilla Bektaş, Mehmet Refik Mas; Critical Review-Atilla Bektaş, Mehmet Refik Mas.
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.
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1Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Akropol Hospital, Turkey
2Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Biolog, Turkey
3Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey
4Department of Health sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, TRNC, Turkey
Citation: Bektas A, Ulusoy M, Mas MR (2019) Do Late Phase Hyperbaric And Normobaric Oxygen Therapies Have Effect On Liver Damage?: An Experimental Sepsis Model. Gen Med (Los Angeles) 7:324 doi: 10.35248/2327-5146.7.324
Received: 20-Mar-2019 Published: 17-Feb-2019, DOI: 10.35248/2327-5146.7.324
Copyright: © 2019 Bektas A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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An argument in Pasadena led to an attack that left one man dead and another critically injured Wednesday, Sept. 12, authorities said.
One victim, who officers found with a large knife embedded in his leg, detained the suspect with help from a passerby, according to Pasadena Police Lt. Jesse Carrillo.
Carrillo didn't know what the suspect and the victims argued about.
Police have not released the suspect's name. Detectives were interviewing the 66-year-old Pasadena man, Carrillo said. He added that the two victims are also from Pasadena.
The stabbing which took place on a sidewalk in the 2600 block of East Colorado Boulevard was reported to police around 1:30 a.m.
It appears all three men were in the nearby Colorado Bar earlier but police didn't get a call about an argument or disturbance at the bar, according to Carrillo.
The suspect left. When he came back, he saw the two other men on the sidewalk in front of the bar, Carrillo said.
The men argued. The suspect allegedly left, returned with a large knife and attacked the victims, Carrillo said.
A man driving by saw one of the victims struggling with the suspect. The witness stopped and helped detain the suspect, Carrillo said.
Officers arrived and arrested the suspect. They also found a man in his 40s with stab wounds to the torso. Paramedics took the man to a hospital where he died.
The coroner's office has not identified the dead man.
The second victim, a man in his 30s, had a large knife still in his leg. Carrillo said the man is in critical condition at a hospital.
Anyone with information about this case is asked to call the Pasadena police department at626-744-4241. Anonymous tipsters can call Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-8477 or use the website lacrimestoppers.org.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
'Treasures from the past: Eight silent and early sound films' : The Emperor Jones
David Shepard
Document language:
bibliography and distribution co
The Emperor Jones — Murphy, Dudley — United States — 1933
Film country(ies):
Film language(s):
Film production company:
John Krimsky and Gifford Cochran Inc.
Film genre(s):
Adaptation, Drama, and Feature
Film subject(s):
Extortion -- Drama
O'Neill, Eugene, 1888 - 1953. Emperor Jones -- Film and video adaptations
Political corruption -- West Indies -- Drama
Porters -- United States -- Drama
West Indies -- Kings and rulers -- Drama
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A few years ago I noticed I was losing my hair. As one of my friends suggested, I went with natural home remedies. I apply weekly egg on my scalp. Within one year I got the best results with naturally thick and shiny hair. I would like to say thanks to my friend. Using home remedies is the better way but it takes a long time to give results.
A few years ago I noticed I was losing my hair around my temple area and went to my dermatologist. He gave me shots for about 9 months but I still was/am losing my hair. I used the keratin product from TV, still nothing but going broke, no results of regrowth. I wonder what else I can use before deciding on hair transplant.
I cured my hair loss naturally. I stopped using hair dyes a year ago and started taking vitamin C. I did other things but believe it has to be the vitamin C because it's the only change I have made long-term. My hair has regained its bounciness too, so it must be healthy now. It had become lifeless. My fingernails have also recovered from being brittle and cracking (vertical breaks) to being unusually strong! I also take cod liver oil.
When I was at age 10 to 17 my hair was looking good. Then at age 18 to 19 I went from home to study in the city. My face cut changed and my hair started falling both lateral sides and frontal. I believe scalp massage will be good for it, but I am doing it only at night.
My hair has always been my pride and joy. I figured since it is pretty healthy, it could deal with some bleach damage. And I figured the master stylist who did all the color corrections would know how much would be too much. I was wrong, and now I want to burst into tears every time I look at my hair or touch it. I just don't know what to do. My hair has also never been shorter than this and it breaks and falls out.
My doctor prescribed iron Euro-Fer capsules twice a day for a month for the first time to build up my iron level. And in two weeks my hair started to fall out, looked like a bird nest, dry and brittle and itchy nonstop and even hot flashes! Before when I first saw him, my iron level was low to begin with, but I had a full set of hair on my head! And no hot flashes.
She is my mother and 88 years old and she does not take any prescription medication, and smokes 2 packs of cigarettes. She can't hear very well and can't see very well, sleeps fine, and doesn't do much. The problem is she pulls her hair out at the top all day and when she first goes to bed. She has a pretty big bald spot, I just don't know why.
I'm a 21 year old girl suffering from extreme hair fall since a week ago. I've not undergone any other treatment recently.
After chemotherapy, I had loss of all hair, then it came back. Now two years later, I am having a thinning, and loss of hair.


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More Subprime Lawsuit Dismissals
By Kevin LaCroix on September 29, 2009
Posted in Subprime Litigation
In my recent subprime and credit crisis lawsuit status update (here), I commented that the defendants seemed to be getting the upper hand at the dismissal stage in many of these cases. Two recent dismissal motion rulings tend to corroborate this view. In addition, the defendants in the auction rate securities cases continue to have their dismissal motions granted.
SunTrust Bank: The first of these two recent dismissal motion rulings is the September 24, 2009 opinion (here) by Northern District of Georgia Judge Thomas Thrash, Jr. in the SunTrust Banks auction rate securities lawsuit. As reflected in greater detail here, the plaintiffs alleged that SunTrust Bank's broker-dealer subsidiary sold them auction rate securities. The plaintiffs allege that the defendants failed to disclose certain features about the securities and about the auction rate securities marketplace. The plaintiffs also allege that the defendants engaged in manipulative auction practices.
Judge Thrash granted the defendants' motion to dismiss the disclosure related allegations because the allegations "about the Defendants state of mind do not meet the heightened pleading requirements applicable to securities fraud cases."
As an initial matter, Judge Thrash found that the plaintiffs' allegations were "not stated with particularity." Though the plaintiffs contend that "high level corporate officials" issued certain management directives, the plaintiffs "do not identify any of these officials, by name, by title, or even by job description." With respect to the supposed directives, the Plaintiffs "do not describe what these documents may have said, who issued them, or when they were distributed."
Judge Thrash further found that the plaintiffs' allegations "do not give rise to a strong inference that the Defendants' acted with an intent to defraud or with severe recklessness." Thus, while the complaint refers to supposed management directives and uniform sales materials, the allegations are "not strongly supported" in the complaint. The confidential witnesses on whom plaintiffs rely do not reference the supposed directives or sales materials, and "none of the Plaintiffs' allegations mention a single communication from any high level corporate officials, let alone any management directives or uniform sales materials."
Judge Thrash found that "the more plausible theory is that high level corporate officials carelessly or negligently provided training on how to sell auction rate securities, and because of the improper training, many SunTrust brokers exaggerated the benefits," noting further that the allegations overall were "more consistent with a negligent state of mind than a fraudulent or reckless one."
The court did noted that "the only allegation that might suggest otherwise" is the contention that the defendant entities were among the companies the SEC investigated in 2006 for auction rate securities practices, and therefore the defendants' senior executives "must have been aware of manipulative auction practices." But Judge Thrash found that the inference that the plaintiffs seek to draw from this allegation is "simply too weak and convoluted," because it required the court to assume that the executives continued the manipulative practices after the SEC investigation and willfully trained brokers to sell the securities without changing the practices or disclosing the practices to the brokers. The court said "Plaintiffs do not provide sufficient allegations to make anything more than a weak and convoluted inference" about this contention.
Finally, Judge Thrash found that the plaintiffs' market manipulation allegations "do not meet the heightened pleading requirements applicable to securities fraud cases." Because plaintiffs had previously amended their complaint, he denied plaintiffs further leave to amend.
The SunTrust Banks auction rate securities lawsuit is the latest of the auction rate cases to be dismissed. (Refer to my recent post here for an overview of prior dismissals.) The SunTrust Bank case also follows the recent dismissal in the Raymond James auction rate securities case, where the case was dismissed not on the basis of a prior regulatory settlement, but rather because of pleading deficiencies, without regard to whether or not the defendant company had entered a regulatory settlement.
While there are a number of other auction rate securities cases in which the dismissal motions are yet to be heard, at this point, the plaintiffs have not yet survived a dismissal motion in any of the auction rate securities cases in which dismissal motions have been heard.
There were almost two dozen separate auction rate securities lawsuits filed (some with multiple complaints) after the auction rate securities market froze up in February 2008. But though the plaintiffs' lawyers rushed to file these cases, so far the suits are not faring well at all for the plaintiffs.
Huntington Bancshares: The second of the two recent dismissal motion rulings involves the shareholders' derivative suit filed in the Southern District of Ohio against Huntington Bancshares, as nominal defendant, and certain of its directors and officers. The complaint relates to Huntington's July 2007 acquisition of Sky Financial. At the time the deal was announced, Huntington officials stated that the acquisition would be "accretive to Huntington's earnings.
The complaint alleges that in acquiring Sky, Huntington also acquired Sky's long-standing relationship with Franklin, which included $1.8 billion debt in the form of high-risk residential mortgages. Just five months after the acquisition, Huntington took charges of $300 million for loan loss allowances on the Franklin debt, which was followed by a "restructuring" of the relationship with Franklin. In the weeks following the restructuring, Huntington's share price declined.
In their February 2008 complaint, the plaintiff alleged that the defendants knowingly concealed material adverse facts about mortgage-related losses resulting from the Sky acquisition and that Huntington knowingly acquired and continued to hold high-risk financial instruments that could not properly be valued. The defendants moved to dismiss the complaint on the grounds that the plaintiff had failed to make a presuit demand on Huntington's board.
In a September 23, 2009 order (here), Judge George C. Smith granted the defendants' motion to dismiss, holding under Maryland law that the plaintiff had failed to sufficiently allege demand futility.
Judge Smith first held under the first prong of the demand futility analysis under Maryland law that "Plaintiff has failed to plead with particularity that a demand would have caused irreparable harm to Huntington."
Judge Smith found further that "because Plaintiff fails to establish that a single member of the Board is conflicted or committed for purposes of establishing demand futility," the plaintiff had failed to satisfy the second prong of the demand futility analysis under Maryland law.
While at this point, it is difficult to generalize with respect to the subprime and credit crisis related derivative suits, as there have been relatively few dismissal motion rulings either way, the plaintiffs do not seem to be faring particularly well in dismissal motion ruling so far (see for example my recent discussion of the dismissal in the Citigroup derivative suit, here).
I have in any event added these two dismissals to my list of subprime and credit crisis-related lawsuit resolutions, which can be accessed here.
Many thanks to a loyal reader for providing a copy of the SunTrust Bank opinion.
Tags: auction rate securities litigation, shareholder derivative lawsuit, Subprime Litigation
RBS Settles Harborview MBS Securities Suit for $275 Million
E&Y Settles Lehman Brothers Securities Suit for $99 Million
Is the "Fraud on the Market Theory" About to Get Dumped?
Countywide MBS Securities Suit Settles for $500 Million
Cornerstone Research: Securities Suits Involving Accounting Allegations Less Likely to Be Dismissed, Costlier to Settle


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Tag Archives: Earl H. Whitmore
pekinhistory 10:16 pm on February 24, 2017
Tags: Arthur Puterbaugh, Charles Dancey ( 2 ), Charles Skinner ( 23 ), Coroner Arthur E. Allen ( 16 ), Earl H. Whitmore, Edward Hufeld ( 8 ), Elmer Eiler, Ernest Fleming ( 17 ), Frank Keayes ( 7 ), Hardy Garber ( 7 ), Jesse Black ( 16 ), John Petje ( 10 ), Lawrence Lancaster, Lew Nelan ( 21 ), Louis Dunkelberg ( 12 ), Martin Virant ( 25 ), Nathan T. Elliff ( 11 ), R. L. Russell, Ralph Goar ( 3 ), Robert Dubois, Sheriff James J. Crosby ( 11 ), The Third Degree ( 25 ), William Reardon ( 9 )
The Third Degree: Chapter 25: Aftermath and Epilogue
With this post to our Local History Room weblog, we conclude our series on a pair of sensational deaths that occurred in Pekin, Illinois, during the Prohibition Era. The Local History Room columns in this series, entitled "The Third Degree," originally ran in the Saturday Pekin Daily Times from Sept. 15, 2012, to March 2, 2013.
THE THIRD DEGREE
Chapter Twenty-five
Aftermath and Epilogue
Voters finally achieve deputies' ouster
The failure to convict Deputies Ernest L. Fleming and Charles O. Skinner of Martin Virant's death provoked abortive attempts during the spring and fall of 1933 to oust Tazewell County Sheriff James J. Crosby and remove his entire force of deputies.
It was no surprise, then, that Crosby decided not to run for re-election in 1934. Crosby had two very good reasons not to run again: in addition to the simmering discontent over the Virant affair, Crosby's health remained fragile following the nearly fatal heart attack he had suffered in November of 1932. In place of Crosby, the Tazewell County Democrats put up Lawrence Lancaster, while the Republicans opted for Pekin Chief of Police Ralph C. Goar.
In 1934, voter antipathy toward the Republican Party over the Great Depression was still very strong, and the midterm elections that year would again prove to be a near total rout nationally as well as at the state and local levels. In light of those facts, it is a testament to the intensity of popular dissatisfaction with the Tazewell County Sheriff's Department that Goar's photograph would end up on the front page of the Nov. 7, 1934 Pekin Daily Times under the headline, "ONLY G.O.P WINNER."
The election of Goar ensured that the county would get a sheriff who would "clean house" and replace the deputies who were seen by many as Crosby's cronies. Evidently voters did not trust that would happen if they replaced the Democrat Crosby with another Democrat. Goar also had an added advantage with the voters: He was the law enforcement officer who had personally arrested Deputy Skinner and had provided the grand jury with important testimony against him.
Sheriff Goar did not waste any time in getting around to the housecleaning at the Sheriff's Department – on Dec. 1, 1934, his first day in office, it was out with the old and in with the new.
"Deputy Sheriff Fleming, who is retiring," reported that day's Pekin Daily Times, "will move to his residence property at 614 S. Eleventh street and Sheriff-Elect Ralph Goar will move into the jail residence . . . . Goar will assume the duties of sheriff. Elmer Eiler will be the office deputy under Sheriff Goar and Earl H. Whitmore of Pekin and Arthur Puterbaugh of Mackinaw are to be the outside deputies, Mr. Whitmore being the chief deputy. Sheriff Crosby, Deputies Fleming and Skinner will remain in Pekin, but have made no announcement of their future plans . . . ."
Elliff departs, but no comeback for Dunkelberg
The failed prosecutions of Fleming and Skinner, and the unraveling of the case against Petje, also did little to endear voters to Tazewell County State's Attorney Nathan T. Elliff, who perhaps wisely did not seek a second term in 1936. Instead, it was a race between Democratic candidate R. L. Russell, a former mayor of Pekin, and former State's Attorney Louis P. Dunkelberg, who had been defeated by Elliff in 1932.
However, Dunkelberg again was defeated at the polls. He would not seek his old office again, but would remain in Pekin, where he was a part of the law firm of Dunkelberg and Rust, located on the second floor of the old Pekin Times building. Dunkelberg died on March 27, 1976, at age 79. He is buried in Lakeside Cemetery in Pekin.
As for Elliff, he also never again sought his former job of state's attorney. In 1940, he joined the U.S. Department of Justice, returning to his law practice in Pekin in 1947 and becoming an active community leader. He died on Dec. 3, 1993, at age 88, and also is buried in Lakeside Cemetery.
Tazewell County State's Attorney Louis P. Dunkelberg lost his bid to regain his office in the 1936 elections. Photo by Konisek, Feb. 26, 1928, Peoria
Poor health, heart troubles claim Black, Reardon, Allen, and Crosby
Most of the other main players in this drama died much earlier than Dunkelberg and Elliff. After successfully defending Deputies Fleming and Skinner in the Virant manslaughter trial, Jesse Black Jr.'s health failed. Following several months of illness, Black died on Oct. 11, 1935, at age 64. His fellow attorney in the Virant case, William J. Reardon, died of heart trouble on June 27, 1941, the day before his 63rd birthday. Black and Reardon are both buried in Lakeside Cemetery.
After losing his re-election bid in 1932, Tazewell County Coroner Dr. Arthur E. Allen, who investigated the Lewis Nelan and Martin Virant deaths, continued his medical practice in the Green Valley until 1946, when he moved to California. He served as house physician for the Santa Fe Railroad at Los Angeles until suffering a heart attack in March 1961 from which he never fully recovered. He died at age 82 on May 30, 1963, in West Los Angeles, and is buried in Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery in San Diego.
Not quite five years after the end of his single term as Tazewell County Sheriff, James J. Crosby at age 72 succumbed on May 23, 1939, to the heart problems that had plagued him for several years. The Pekin Daily Times published a front page obituary and tribute to Crosby, recalling his many years as a local teacher and school administrator, and respectfully passing over the controversies of his time as sheriff. He is buried in Lakeside Cemetery.
Fleming, Skinner, and Garber summoned to Highest Court
The Daily Times showed similar respect for Fleming, who died at age 81 on March 22, 1955. His obituary notes only that he was "a former Tazewell county sheriff for several terms and a baker here for many years." He was entombed in Lakeside Mausoleum.
After Sheriff Goar dismissed him from the Sheriff's Department, Skinner later moved back to East Peoria, where he died at age 54 on June 7, 1938. He is buried in Springdale Cemetery in Peoria. Deputy J. Hardy Garber also left the area after Goar dismissed him. He served in both the Army and Navy during World War II, settling in Des Moines, Iowa, after the war. He died on March 26, 1968, at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Iowa City, and was buried in Glendale Veterans Cemetery in Des Moines.
What of the Nelan defendants?
Of the three defendants in the Nelan case, Edward Hufeld later served in the Army during World War II, returning to East Peoria after the war. He never married, and he died at age 62 at Proctor Hospital in Peoria on March 20, 1965, being buried in Fondulac Cemetery, East Peoria. Frank Keayes Jr. moved to Pekin, dying at age 82, also at Proctor Hospital, on Dec. 26, 1982, also being buried in Fondulac Cemetery.
As for John Petje, following his acquittal on charges of murder, he remained in East Peoria and lived until age 62. On March 26, 1943, the Pekin Daily Times reported on page 2 that "Mr. Tetje (sic) was found yesterday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock hanged by a light cord fastened to a door sill in his house on S. Main Street." The following day, the Daily Times reported that a coroner's inquest jury ruled Petje's death a suicide "while despondent over ill health."
The reports of Petje's death do not mention the Nelan case, saying only that Petje was "a prominent East Peoria citizen" without explaining what had made him "prominent." He is buried in Parkview Cemetery in Peoria, the same cemetery where the family of Martin Virant laid him rest.
APPENDIX AND AUTHOR'S AFTERWORD
The decision to re-tell the scandalous history of the Lew Nelan and Martin Virant killings came about in the late summer or early autumn of 2012, when David Perkins of the Tazewell County Genealogical & Historical Society shared with the Pekin Public Library copies of some old Pekin and Peoria newspaper articles and funeral home records pertaining to the Nelan and Virant cases. At first it appeared that the stories could be succinctly reviewed in two or three weekly "From the Local History Room" columns in the Saturday Pekin Daily Times. As I researched these stories, however, it became clear that they needed a much fuller treatment which would call for an extended re-telling in a weekly serial format in the newspaper.
Prior to the publication of the "Third Degree" serial in the Pekin Daily Times in 2012-2013, the deaths of Nelan and Virant had been all but forgotten in Pekin. The late Robert Dubois, during his tenure as Tazewell County Coroner, once told me of the Nelan and Virant cases in a conversation with me around 2003. Dubois, who had read the inquest file on Virant's death, explained at some length how the evidence and observations at the death scene made obvious that Virant was already dead before he was hanged. Though I found the facts Dubois recounted to be remarkable, I did not commit these details to memory (not even the victims' names) and soon forgot our conversation, and only remembered that he had talked about it while I was in the process of researching their deaths for the Pekin Public Library's weekly "From the Local History Room" column.
I doubt very many others in our day besides men such as Coroner Dubois or those with an interest in local history knew of Nelan and Virant and the controversies surrounding their deaths, which were probably all but forgotten in Pekin and Tazewell County prior to 2012. Although the saga frequently was front-page news in 1932-1933, the long and sorrowful story was reduced to a single paragraph on page 69 of the 1949 Pekin Centenary, which included a historical narrative that was mainly researched and written by retired Peoria Journal Star editor Charles Dancey:
"The discovery of the body of Martin Virant, a material witness, in the Tazewell county jail caused a storm which lasted for months. After the inquest there was a near lynching of accused deputies, who were later tried on manslaughter charges that Virant died under the 'third degree'. Even after their acquittal, there was an effort to impeach the entire sheriff's office on the part of the Tazewell county board of supervisors."
That somewhat inaccurate paragraph would later appear in almost identical form in the historical narrative of the 1974 Pekin Sesquicentennial volume, on page 173:
"After a material witness named Martin Virant was found dead in his cell at the Tazewell County Jail, there was a storm of public outrage which nearly resulted in the lynching of some accused deputy sheriffs. (They were subsequently tried for manslaughter on charges that Virant died under the 'third degree.') There was an effort to impeach the entire Sheriff's office by the County Board."
As we have seen, the few lines in the Centenary and Sesquicentennial volumes omit several important details and really only begin to hint at that "storm which lasted for months."
#arthur-puterbaugh, #charles-dancey, #charles-skinner, #coroner-arthur-e-allen, #earl-h-whitmore, #edward-hufeld, #elmer-eiler, #ernest-fleming, #frank-keayes, #hardy-garber, #jesse-black, #john-petje, #lawrence-lancaster, #lew-nelan, #louis-dunkelberg, #martin-virant, #nathan-t-elliff, #r-l-russell, #ralph-goar, #robert-dubois, #sheriff-james-j-crosby, #the-third-degree, #william-reardon


This full-size Trestle Harvest Table is constructed from a wonderful old oak base with a two-inch thick Oak top. The wood is reclaimed barn wood, which only adds to the rustic farmhouse feel that a table like this will undoubtedly bring. At its best when laden with food and surrounded by enthusiastic family members, this trestle table can easily become the heart of the home.
The Trestle Harvest Table Golden Brown is pictured with Mission-style chair #77, also in the same finish to create a stylish matching set.
This full-size Trestle Harvest Table Golden Brown is constructed from a wonderful old oak base with a two-inch thick pine top. The wood is reclaimed barn wood, which only adds to the rustic farmhouse feel that a table like this will undoubtedly bring. At its best when laden with food and surrounded by enthusiastic family members, this trestle table can easily become the heart of the home.
The Trestle Harvest Table Golden Brown is pictured with Mission-style chair #77, also in a superb golden brown finish to create a stylish matching set.


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Q: Help understanding OLAP MDX Query I've been trying to learn SSAS Cubes and MDX. So far I have managed to create a cube that returns the correct data/calculations when viewed through the cube browser.
The Query Builder was used to build a query in reporting services to query the cube, I've looked at the MDX this generated and pulled out the stuff that doesn't seem to make a difference to the actual results. The query looks like this:
SELECT NON EMPTY { [Measures].[AverageConnectedSeconds] } ON COLUMNS,
NON EMPTY { ([Operator].[ACCESS DEF].[ACCESS DEF].ALLMEMBERS * [Calls].[Notification Time Bands].[Notification Time Bands].ALLMEMBERS) } ON ROWS
FROM ( SELECT ( -{ [Calls].[Notification Time Bands].&[0] } ) ON COLUMNS
FROM ( SELECT ( { [Calls].[Incoming YN].[N] } ) ON COLUMNS
FROM ( SELECT ( -{ [Calls].[Entity Type].&[6] } ) ON COLUMNS
FROM ( SELECT ( -{ [Calls].[Reason Text].&[Background Call] } ) ON COLUMNS
FROM ( SELECT ( { STRTOMEMBER(@OperatorId) } ) ON COLUMNS
FROM [PNC5data] )))))

I've read up on the Syntax and I THINK I understand why the query is doing nested selects.
Am I right in understanding that the nested SELECT FROM's are acting as a WHERE clause would in SQL?
If so: What is the WHERE clause used for in MDX and when/why would I use one?
If anyone is able to give me a breakdown of what is actually happening in this query I'd really appreciate it! Or if you're able to direct me to a resource I could further my understanding of MDX, I'd be greatful!
Thanks,
James

A: Understanding WHERE clause is straightforward. You will see in many sources that people complain about its misleading name. The better name to use is Slicer. By using a where clause you are able to query a slice of a cube instead of the whole cube (obviously you will have some performance gains when you query a slice instead of a whole cube).
FROM clause is used to query a cube or to query another MDX query i.e. subqueries. Subqueries are generally slower but are more powerful too. e.g. when you use a hierarchy as a slicer you cannot use it in an axis while with a subquery you can e.g. subqueries can change the hierarchies' structure.
In the above statement you see nested subqueries. If you know some MDX syntax it is easy to break and interpret each subquery or even move some to the slicer.
I am relatively new to the whole OLAP subject too. The two sources I have been using are: icCube MDX reference (I am not a Microsoft fan, icCube was a good, easy to use alternative) and Fast Track to MDX. I specially like Fast track to MDX because its explanation of essential MDX features and the terminology (like set, tuple, function, etc) is easy to follow, specially if you are using Microsoft BI tools. You may want to take a look at this post too.

A: I posted a link to my MDX introduction before and it was well received, but there are many other good resources in this posting.
the-best-mdx-references-on-the-net

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Summer Series II: Poppy Ridge
jtncJan 11, 2016Comments Off on Summer Series II: Poppy RidgeCurrent Year, Past Results, Tournaments
Contestant Information Sheet | Yardages
CIG-Sponsored Junior Golf Tour of Northern California Crowns Winners in Summer Series II Championship at Poppy Ridge Golf Course in Livermore
PEBBLE BEACH, Calif. (June 17, 2016) – Sponsored by Capital Insurance Group, the 2015-2016 Junior Tour of Northern California (JTNC) crowned champions Thursday at the Summer Series II Championship at Poppy Ridge Golf Course in Livermore.
San Ramon resident Brendan Hy shot 3-over 147 and Concord resident Yealimi Noh shot 8-over 152 to win their respective divisions at the Summer Series II Championship held Saturday and Sunday at par-36 Poppy Ridge Golf Course. The duo both earned automatic spots into this year's PGA Junior Championship, slated for Aug. 9-12 at Wannamoisett Country Club in Rhode Island.
Boys' Championship winner Brendan Hy, runner-up Jeremy Villafuerte and third place finisher Isaiah Choi (left to right)
Hy picked up his first win of the 2015-2016 season in dramatic fashion, making birdie on the 18th in the final round for a round of even-par 72. Just a hole earlier on the 17th, he'd suffered a crucial bogey. The birdie on 18 gave him a one-shot victory over both Jeremy Villafuerte of Newark and San Ramon's Isaiah Choi.
Hy had been close to winning before. At both the Fall Series VI and Spring Series VII Championships, he placed second.
Villafuerte, who was coming off a 77 in Wednesday's wind-swept first round, carded a birdie on No.12 to get to a total of 4-over but could only manage pars on his final six holes.
Choi had a chance to catch Hy but stumbled with bogeys on the 16th and 17th holes for a second round 72. In a card-off, Villafuerte was awarded second place, with Choi placing third.
Three players—Aditya Kumar of Fremont, Avi Khemani of Los Altos Hills and Pleasanton's John Fracisco—tied for fourth at 149.
Girls' Championship winner Yealimi Noh, runner-up Ty Akabane and third place finisher Brooke Riley (left to right)
In the Girls' Championship, Noh was the epitome of steady, carding 12 straight pars in the final round for a 73 and one shot win over Danville's Ty Akabane and Brooke Riley of Manteca.
For Noh, the win was her ninth career JTNC title, moving her to third place on the Girls' all-time career win list. The victory was also Noh's third of the 2015-2016, tying her with Casie Cathrea for third place three) for most wins in a season.
Akabane, who captured the Spring Series VII Championship crown, had a chance to tie Noh but carded a bogey on the 15th for a 74 and two-day total of 153. Also coming in at 153 was Riley. Winner of the Summer Series I Championship, Riley had birdied the 14th to take the lead but later had a bogey on the 16th and a double-bogey on the 17th for a 76.
In a card-off, Akabane was awarded second place, with Riley placing third.
Belinda Hu and Yoonhee Kim of San Ramon both finished T-4 at 154 after final rounds of 73 and 76, respectively.
Boys' First Flight champion Tyson Rutledge, runner-up Cameron Keith and third place finisher Nicholas Dolley (left to right)
In the Boys' First Flight Championship, Tyson Rutledge of Clovis had rounds of 75-72 to finish at 147, claiming a three shot win over Alamo's Cameron Keith.
Rutledge was solid in the finale, carding an eagle and birdie to go against three bogeys.
Keith had rounds of 76-74. Nicholas Dolley of El Dorado Hills and Nathan Wang of Fremont both tied for third at 151 after final rounds of 72 and 74, respectively.
Allen Zhang and Krishan Patel of San Jose finished T-5 at 159 following final rounds of 76 and 79, respectively.
Girls' First Flight champion Katherine Sung and runner-up Cynthia Zhang (left to right)
In the Girls' First Flight Championship, Palo Alto's Katherine Sung had a final round 74 to come in at 156 for a seven-shot win. Both Jasmine Chen of Pleasanton and Cynthia Zhang of Milpitas finished tied for second at 163 after final rounds of 77 and 78, respectively.
In a card-off, Zhang was awarded was second place with Chen placing third.
Madison Starke of Walnut Creek was fourth at 166, with Liam Sklar of Los Gatos taking fifth at 167.
Next up on the JTNC calendar is the Summer Series III Championship, slated for June 20-21 at Coyote Creek Golf Course in San Jose.
Summer Series I: Reserve at Spanos Park & Elkhorn G.C.
Summer Series III: Coyote Creek G.C. (Valley Course)


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The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao
By Junot Díaz
The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao Introduction
This book is such a literary rockstar that we're pretty sure you already know what it's about. The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao made a big splash when Riverhead books published it in 2007. It won a bucketload of prizes, including the John Sargent Senior First Novel Prize and the Dayton Literary Peace Prize in Fiction.
But the list doesn't end there. No, this book kept winning bigger and more prestigious prizes including the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. No big deal.
Considering Wao was Junot Díaz's first novel, it's more accurate to say that it made a tsunami-size wave, not a splash. Come on. Who wins the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Pulitzer Prize with their first novel? Junot Díaz does, apparently. And maybe Chuck Norris, if Chuck Norris wrote fiction.
Prior to Wao, Díaz published a collection of short stories called Drown. Some of these stories appeared in top-drawer magazines like The New Yorker and The Paris Review. Drown got its fair share of positive reviews, so Díaz was certainly on the map before he published Wao. But he wasn't yet a literary rockstar.
Though some fans and critics anxiously awaited the novel, few predicted Wao's wild success—especially since it took Díaz a really, really long time to finish the book. In fact, eleven years passed before Díaz finished The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. That's long enough to make any editor or fan squirm.
The novel follows the family of Oscar Wao as they emigrate from the Dominican Republic to Paterson, New Jersey. As Lev Grossman said in Time:
You could call The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao the saga of an immigrant family, but that really wouldn't be fair. It's an immigrant-family saga for people who don't read immigrant-family sagas.
That's because the novel is about much more than Oscar's family relocation to New Jersey. The book explores themes of racial and national identity, while questioning commonly held assumptions about masculinity. It also deals (quite successfully) with the nasty legacy Rafael Trujillo left behind in the Dominican Republic.
And it does all of this while interweaving the traditional genres of nerddom—like sci-fi novels, fantasy comic books, and Japanese anime. Few other novels can mash together multiple cultures, histories, identities, and fantasies as well as Wao. Herman Melville's Moby Dick is the only book we think comes anywhere close.
But before we set you loose on the novel, we'd like to suggest a reading strategy. See, Díaz has all sorts of tricks up his sleeve in Wao. So you may feel overwhelmed by the footnotes, the multiple narrators, or the shifts between English and Spanish.
However, remember that Díaz wants—more than anything—to ask some tough questions about life, immigration, love, and relationships. For example, he wonders, Where is home? And how do we get back there?
So keep the author's earnest truth-seeking, and these central questions, in the forefront of your mind as you toggle between his different voices and languages. If you're feeling confused and uncomfortable, just breathe. And lean into those feelings. In our complicated and diverse 21st century world, these feelings are the new home.
What is The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao About and Why Should I Care?
Imagine that you're watching Season Two of your favorite TV show. The show is on every Sunday night at eight o'clock. Usually, you relax, eat some popcorn, and let your brain veg out.
But somehow, watching this show—let's call it The Jesse and Veronica Show—has become very stressful for you. And you know exactly when this anxiety first started.
Stick with us now. In Season One, you felt that you could root for both of the main characters. Jesse, who is from New Jersey, and who has a family of just his parents and two siblings, reminds you of your own family in New Jersey. You identify with Jesse. Heck, you even look like Jesse.
But you also really like the other main character, Ronnie. Whenever you and your immediate family visit your extended family in the Dominican Republic, your family suddenly becomes a lot like Ronnie's family: large beyond belief and very, very loud.
Liking both characters at the same time used to be easy. You were in television heaven. However, everything changed at the beginning of the second season.
Ronnie and Jesse began fighting in Season Two. Each did some pretty low stuff in the early episodes. (Admittedly, each character takes the moral high road in later episodes.) At this point, however, you feel like you have to choose one character or the other—it's one of those situations in television where you simply can't sit on the fence.
If this were only a problem between you and The Jesse and Veronica Show you might be okay. But it's not. Your friends at school want to know your loyalties.
Of course, this presents a problem. Probably because of your mom's Dominican heritage, you often identify with Ronnie. But you live also in New Jersey like Jesse, and you've come to love New Jersey, despite its generally bad rep. (You probably understand where we're going with this by now.)
On Monday mornings, after the episodes air, you actually hide from your friends because they want to know what you think of the latest developments. What are you supposed to say? That you can't decide which character you like? This will not fly.
Then, something totally unexpected and marvelous happens to you. You can't remember how you ended up listening to the radio—maybe you were avoiding The Jesse and Veronica Show?— but you catch an interview with some new author named Junot Díaz on NPR.
This guy Díaz starts talking about his book, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, which you initially dismiss because the title is way too long. But as you listen to Díaz, you realize that he's actually solving your Jesse and Veronica problem. He keeps talking about what it means to be an American. And he says some very, very smart things.
Like the following:
Being an American, for us, in a large part, is dealing with these multiple Americas....That one can carry inside them both the country of their origin and the country that received them. The idea that has been popularized that one must choose between your home place and the new place is cruel and absurd. You can be two things simultaneously.
You immediately buy his novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. You read it in one sitting. Your life makes total sense now. Why would you ever think that you had to choose between Jesse and Veronica? Being an American means being a hyphen, you tell yourself.
You're the little connective punctuation mark between multiple identities. Now that you know this, you can watch The Jesse and Veronica Show in peace. You seek out your friends on Monday morning. You even quote Junot Díaz to them during lunch when they ask if you've made up your mind about Jesse and Veronica.
(They look at you a little funny, but they also look at you with a newfound respect.)
Not only do you understand The Jesse and Veronica Show, you understand yourself and your diverse American culture like you never have before. All this is thanks to Mr. Junot Díaz, and his amazing little book, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao.
How'd you like that analogy? Lengthy, we know. But rewarding, we hope.
The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao Resources
The Annotated Oscar Wao
This website meticulously tracks allusions for the curious reader. It also translates any Spanish phrases. Jackpot.
Junot Díaz's Website
We're not sure that Díaz would respond to you personally, but this website lists his email address. Also, it has a calendar of his upcoming readings. Field trip, anyone?
Demarest Hall's Got a Website?
Yup. Learn everything there is to know about the Rutgers dorm where Oscar Wao, Yunior, and Junot Díaz roomed during college.
Movie or TV Productions
Miramax and producer Scott Rudin own the rights to Wao. Rudin has also produced Shmoop favorites like The Darjeeling Limited, No Country for Old Men, and Fantastic Mr. Fox.
Unconventional? Who, me?
Our favorite culture vulture Meghan O'Rourke interviews Junot Díaz about his unique writing style.
Díaz vs. Powell's: Portland's City Block o' Books
Some guy named Dave interviews Díaz on for Powells.com.
The New York Times Loves Wao
Michiko Kakutani, who has probably reviewed every important book out there, lavishes praise on the novel.
The Washington Post Review of Brief Wondrous
Jabari Asim reviews Brief Wondrous for The Washington Post.
QTV Interviews Junot Díaz about Everything that Matters in this Book
Remarkable interview with Díaz. Díaz discusses the central themes of Brief Wondrous, including masculinity in American culture and what it means to be a Dominican-American.
I'm Just a New Jersey Boy
Díaz talks about New Jersey at Bergen Community College.
Junot Díaz and Terry Gross are a Match Made in Heaven
Díaz reads from Brief Wondrous then answers questions from Terry Gross on NPR's Fresh Air.
Junot Díaz on NPR's Morning Edition
Díaz talks about his immigration to New Jersey, Brief Wondrous, and his reading life.
Junot Díaz Completes the NPR Magic Triad
Shmoop's all-time-favorite radio program, This American Life, invited Díaz to read two of his short stories for Episodes 57 and 94.
The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao Cover
Pic of the slickly designed cover.


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ReportsCancer
Genetic and epigenetic inactivation of SESTRIN1 controls mTORC1 and response to EZH2 inhibition in follicular lymphoma
Elisa Oricchio1,*,
Natalya Katanayeva1,
Maria Christine Donaldson1,
Stephanie Sungalee1,
Joyce P. Pasion2,
Wendy Béguelin3,
Elena Battistello1,4,
Viraj R. Sanghvi2,
Man Jiang2,
Yanwen Jiang5,
Matt Teater5,
Anita Parmigiani6,
Andrei V. Budanov6,7,
Fong Chun Chan8,9,
Sohrab P. Shah10,11,
Robert Kridel8,12,
Ari M. Melnick3,
Giovanni Ciriello4 and
Hans-Guido Wendel2
1Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
2Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
3Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
4Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
5Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
6Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Goodwin Research Laboratories, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
7School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
8Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.
9Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
10Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
11Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
12Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
↵*Corresponding author. Email: elisa.oricchio{at}epfl.ch
Vol. 9, Issue 396, eaak9969
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aak9969
Elisa Oricchio
Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
ORCID record for Elisa Oricchio
For correspondence: elisa.oricchio@epfl.ch
Natalya Katanayeva
ORCID record for Natalya Katanayeva
Maria Christine Donaldson
ORCID record for Maria Christine Donaldson
Stephanie Sungalee
ORCID record for Stephanie Sungalee
Joyce P. Pasion
Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
ORCID record for Joyce P. Pasion
Wendy Béguelin
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Elena Battistello
Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
ORCID record for Elena Battistello
Viraj R. Sanghvi
Man Jiang
ORCID record for Man Jiang
Yanwen Jiang
Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Matt Teater
ORCID record for Matt Teater
Anita Parmigiani
Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Goodwin Research Laboratories, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
ORCID record for Anita Parmigiani
Andrei V. Budanov
Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Goodwin Research Laboratories, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Fong Chun Chan
Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Sohrab P. Shah
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
ORCID record for Sohrab P. Shah
Robert Kridel
Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
ORCID record for Robert Kridel
Ari M. Melnick
Giovanni Ciriello
Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Hans-Guido Wendel
ORCID record for Hans-Guido Wendel
Lymphoma's loss is a therapeutic gain
Follicular lymphoma is a relatively common and difficult-to-treat hematologic malignancy, for which no specific targeted therapy is available. Knowing that deletions of chromosome 6q are common in this tumor type, Oricchio et al. examined the genes on this chromosome and identified SESTRIN1 as a likely tumor suppressor. The authors examined the mechanism by which the loss of SESTRIN1 contributes to tumorigenesis and identified a mechanistic connection between SESTRIN1 and EZH2, an epigenetic modifier that plays a role in multiple cancer types. The authors demonstrated that the effectiveness of targeting EZH2 depends on SESTRIN1 genetic and epigenetic status and also reported that mutations in EZH2 itself can sensitize cancer cells to additional targeted therapies.
Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
http://www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse
This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License.
You are going to email the following Genetic and epigenetic inactivation of SESTRIN1 controls mTORC1 and response to EZH2 inhibition in follicular lymphoma
By Elisa Oricchio, Natalya Katanayeva, Maria Christine Donaldson, Stephanie Sungalee, Joyce P. Pasion, Wendy Béguelin, Elena Battistello, Viraj R. Sanghvi, Man Jiang, Yanwen Jiang, Matt Teater, Anita Parmigiani, Andrei V. Budanov, Fong Chun Chan, Sohrab P. Shah, Robert Kridel, Ari M. Melnick, Giovanni Ciriello, Hans-Guido Wendel
Science Translational Medicine 28 Jun 2017
SESTRIN1 is a tumor suppressor deleted or epigenetically silenced by mutated EZH2.


text:
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How to Become an VJ Video Jockey in Jamaica
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We are a small family run independent business and base our ethos on high standards and attention to detail. Our garden centre in Kidderminster features over 25 local craft shops and businesses.
Although small we do concentrate on top quality plants and we are continuously complimented on our colourful displays. Our efforts have been rewarded with medals at top flower shows including Chelsea and this year a Gold at Malvern RHS show.
To complement our plants there is a fantastic garden light company to illuminate your garden as well as your home.
Our Garden Centre is an Aladins Cave of Shops Ranging from crafts to Antiques, vintage, Toys and gifts not typical to the high street.
We have a Farm shop with Local Ales and produce.
As well as our stalls we also have a Hairdressers, Foot and Nail Clinic, a Pet Shop, Dog Groomers, Aquatics, Cook and Baking Supplies.
We have a huge selection of Basket ware to include Large Log and Picnic Hampers.


NEW HAVEN, Conn. A member of the 1990s R& B group HiFive was among the victims in a series of shootings in New Haven last weekend. Thirtysixyearold Treston Irby of Bridgeport was shot five times outside the Everybodeez nightclub early Sunday. He is in stable condition at the Hospital of Saint Raphael.
HiFive was featured on the TVOne music documentary series Unsung on August 6, 2014, chronicling the quintet's upbringing in Waco, their rise to superstardom, tragedies among group members, and their comeback. On July 2, 2014, former HiFive member Russell Neal was charged with murder in the stabbing death of his wife in Houston.
No entiendo el comentario que me has dejado en mi perfil? A que viene? Yo dije que eras prostituta en algún sitio?


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Home MMA News Chael Sonnen Frank Mir to lock horns with Chael Sonnen in grappling match
Frank Mir to lock horns with Chael Sonnen in grappling match
Though Chael Sonnen is currently spearheading his own submission grappling league in Submission Underground (SUG), he is also staying busy on the competitive grappling circuit through his involvement in other promotions.
This September, for example, he was supposed to compete under the Abu Dhabi Combat Club (ADCC) banner, where he was expected to battle American Top Team coach Ricardo Liborio. Unfortunately, Liborio was forced to withdraw from this competition. The good news is that he's been replaced by an even more recognizable member of the MMA community. Sonnen will now lock horns with former UFC heavyweight champion and decorated BJJ black belt Frank Mir.
This news comes from ADCombat.com.
Before Sonnen meets Mir on the mats, he will take on his arch rival Wanderlei Silva in the main event of Bellator's upcoming Bellator NYC pay-per-view. This bout will mark his opportunity to rebound from a disappointing return to action back in January, when he succumbed to a first-round submission dealt by the retiring Tito Ortiz. Sonnen is currently 29-15 as a pro mixed martial artist.
Mir, meanwhile, will be looking to stay active as a martial artist, having recently received a two-year suspension from the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA). Shortly after this ban was announced, Mir shared his plans to stay active by competing on the grappling circuit, and perhaps, by fighting overseas, outside the jurisdiction of USADA.
"I'll keep looking for ways to fight," he told TMZ sports in the wake of his USADA sentencing. "I'll figure it out."
As a professional mixed martial artist, Mir has defeated names like Tim Sylvia, Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira, Brock Lesnar, Cheick Kongo, Mirko "Cro Cop" Filipovic, Roy Nelson, Andrei Arlovski, Antonio "Bigfoot" Silva, and Todd Duffee. He owns a professional record of 18-11 overall.
This Chael Sonnen vs. Frank Mir grappling match will go down during the ADCC Worlds, between September 22-24 at the The Espoo Metro Areena in Espoo, Finland. Who do you think comes out on top?


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Goodwill is the first and the foremost characteristic of any seller that attracts customers to it. When it comes to know about a good gun plan seller, you can check its reputation and standing in the concerned industry by evaluating the testimonials and reviews posted by the users of gun plans from the seller.
A good seller of gun plans always gives customized plans to their new and existing customers so that they can use them according to their own suitability, needs and wants. A factor that separates a good gun plan seller to other sellers is the supply of quality plans and products so that end users face no problems while making and using guns. Good plans are always free from manufacturing errors and defects and never disappoint a user at all. A seller that understands clients' requirements always offers a flawless and result-oriented proposition to them and makes them permanent clients. A gun plan seller that has an ability to build long term relations with its new and existing customers can retain them forever. A good gun plan seller knows the utility and value of user-friendly customer service and does its best to make all customers pleased and contented. Above all, the price factor always matters. The seller that renders its services, plans and products on an affordable price tag gets more customers to its doorstep. All these factors play a crucial role when you go out to have various plans for building and using spud guns for enjoying each and every moment of your leisure time.
To know more about gun potato, potato cannon gun, spud gun and ball cannon, log on to the Internet and go through various websites exhibiting information on the best characteristics of a gun plan seller that presents its best plans.


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Vic Thiessen Media MattersApril 14, 2017
A flawed remake that's worth watching anyway
Disney's 1991 Beauty and the Beast is my favorite Disney animated film. Featuring the delightful songs by Alan Menken and Howard Ashman, the highest quality old-fashioned animation, and a well-told (if heavily altered) fairy tale, the film has several flaws—the biggest being the redemptive violence at the film's conclusion. Disney's typical need to kill off the baddie has nothing to do with the fairy tale on which the film is based.
The film's biggest flaw was entirely predictable and is difficult to challenge in a remake. I am referring to the killing off of the baddie at the end of the film.
In 1994, Beauty and the Beast became a successful Broadway musical, with additional songs by Alan Menken and Tim Rice. That musical has now been used to create a live-action remake of the film, adding to a list of recent Disney remakes that is bound to get a lot longer (e.g., Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella, The Jungle Book, Pete's Dragon). The cynical part of me wonders whether such live-action remakes are at all necessary. Do they contribute anything new, or are they just an easy way for the wealthiest studio in the world to make another mountain of money? The truth is that I have appreciated all the Disney remakes, and Pete's Dragon was much better than the original, so I have to keep an open mind on this question.
But this question is particularly relevant for our discussion of the new Beauty and the Beast, because it is populated by so many CGI characters, whose voices are provided from a sound booth, just as in animated films. In other words, with all its CGI characters and too much CGI cinematography, it could be argued that the new film is an animation/live-action hybrid, making it that much harder to justify the remake (though not in terms of profit).
The new Beauty and the Beast is the year's biggest blockbuster so far. With Menken's marvelous melodies, the witty song lyrics, the gorgeous cinematography, and stars like Emma Watson, Emma Thompson, Ian McKellen, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, and Kevin Kline, Disney could hardly have gone wrong with this remake. Nevertheless, it did go wrong, and more than once, though I enjoyed the film anyway.
Disney actually went wrong very early in the film. The introductory pre-Belle sequence is quite good, but then Emma Watson starts to sing. Overall, I was very impressed with Watson's performance, which removed any doubts I had about the casting choice. But apparently Watson's singing abilities are not up to Disney's standards, because it saw fit to auto-tune her voice. This was a major disappointment for me. In my opinion, filmmakers should either cast a singer for a musical role or go with what they have (e.g., Les Misérables, La La Land, both of which made my top two films of the year), but they should not use auto-tune. I worry about a future where actors and songs will be entirely computer-generated—a very scary thought.
Then there's the film's length. The new Beauty and the Beast is a full 45 minutes longer than the original. In a musical, this is only justifiable with the addition of a lot more singing. There were some new songs, and I enjoyed all of them, but they don't take up anywhere near enough time to justify that 45 minutes. It's hard to sustain the magic of this story, as it is told here, for 129 minutes. With the inevitable number of scenes that fall a little flat, the film just felt too long.
Part of that problem are the many CGI characters to which I have already alluded. In a live-action film, some of those characters had too much airtime, and some, like Madame Garderobe, just grated on me throughout.
The film's biggest flaw was entirely predictable and is difficult to challenge in a remake. I am referring to the killing off of the baddie at the end of the film. Employing Disney's classic "hand of God" to do the killing, as Disney has often done since its first animated feature film (Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs) in 1937, the death of the baddie feels singularly out of place in Beauty and the Beast. This is, after all, the story of a baddie's redemption. To me, it reveals an incredible lack of imagination, not to mention a flawed moral compass, to insist on such an incongruously violent ending to such a positive story.
With all its flaws, however, Beauty and the Beast remains a joyous film-watching experience, not least because of the presence of the fine actors already mentioned, all of whom did an excellent job. Watson injected Belle with precisely the right amount of pluck and intelligence, making her a strong female lead who is also a positive role model for young viewers. Dan Stevens is good as the Beast and Luke Evans and Josh Gad are well cast as Gaston and LeFou. Bill Condon's direction is solid, if not as inspired as I might like.
Perhaps my favorite parts of the Beauty and the Beast remake are the new songs and scenes that made me momentarily forget that I had seen this film many times before. There is still some magic here, literally in the case of the presence of Agathe, the Enchantress (played by Hattie Morahan). So despite its flaws, I recommend Beauty and the Beast to everyone. And don't forget to stay for one of the best end credits I have ever seen or heard.
Beauty and the Beast is rated PG for some action violence, peril, and frightening images.
Vic Thiessen has been hosting weekly film nights for 12 years, speaks regularly on film and theology, and shares a film review blog with his brother. He is also film writer for the Canadian Mennonite.
More From Vic Thiessen


Interesting to see both Jonathan Franzen and David Brooks speaking to and about college graduates in ways that suggest an attempt to channel David Foster Wallace's great Kenyon commencement speech — Brooks in substance only, Franzen in substance and tone alike.
Neither of them work very well. Brooks's essay, while thoughtful and even wise, comes off as a bit hectoring; Franzen just seems self-absorbed. Ancient rhetorical theory — Aristotle's On Rhetoric, for example — said that a speaker may persuade by the employment of logos (reasoning), pathos (emotional appeal), and ethos (his or her own personal character). Of the three, ethos is the most mysterious and the least teachable. Wallace had an extraordinary ability, in his written prose but also perhaps in his speech, to be passionately earnest in ways that make people sit up and pay attention — to feel almost cared for, as though words from this person addressed to them are honoring them somehow. It's hard to explain. But Wallace had it (has it) and Brooks and Franzen don't.


Sewerin manufacture a wide range of gas detection equipment suitable for many different gas monitoring, and warning applications.
Sewerin gas detectors are used to monitor and warn of the dangers from explosive, toxic and asphyxiating gases.
As well as some of the instruments below having other gas detection applications, such as locating gas leaks in the streets or in buildings, the following instruments incorporate an alarm to warn you of dangerous gas levels.
Dual purpose portable gas detector. Monitors gases on landfill sites, sewage treatment works and biogas plants; also warns/alarms to protect workers from dangerous gas levels.


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Q: How to increase default timeout in Angular I have a long running server call, it takes like 30-40 mins. My angular front end timeouts. How can I increase the default timeout for this service call ?
  method1(id: number): Promise<number> {
    const body= JSON.stringify(id);
    return sendReq.post(url, body)
    .then((res) => res)
    .catch((err: any) => {
    });
  }

I have seen a property called timeout but, not sure how to apply that into my code above. Can someone help me out.

A: Keeping promise or waiting for callback for 30-40 minutes is not a great idea in general. It is much better for backend to modify some flag when job completed and for frontend to check periodically for this flag.
You may use angular $timeout for this.