2. "The passage before us […] is well suited to confirm our faith, to excite our trust, and encourage our hope, under such awful dispensations, as it points out the method of God's government and the course of His providence towards the enemies and oppressors of His people, and the fate of those that shed innocent blood."1 This quote from Jonas Clark's sermon, "The Fate of Blood-thirsty Oppressors, and GOD's tender Care of His distressed People," epitomizes the religious messages articulated during the British occupation of the Massachusetts-Bay Colony during the American Revolution. Throughout the years 1773 to 1776, various religious officials preached a clear message: the British are instruments of punishment allowed to act by God, and although the colonists might have provoked retribution, the actions of the British are unrighteous and unjust, resulting in a logical call to arms to eradicate the evils of Britain. In order to understand why religious officials believed that the British were tools for God's punishment unto the colonists, what must first be discussed is what the ministers believed the British were doing wrong. In his 1774 sermon, "The MISERY and DUTY of an Oppress'd and Enslav'd People," Samuel Webster details the politically perverse tactics the British have employed against the colonists of Boston. He begins by stating, "if any people on earth […] have a right to call the land they live in their own, and to say God gave it to our fathers—we may say it." He describes "our fathers" as desiring to escape to "the new world" from persecution, and with God's aid, the fathers were able to purchase the land from the "original inhabitants," establishing America as theirs rightfully. Webster contends, "Surely then the land is ours. The Lord our God gave it unto our fathers: And we have it by inheritance from them." Therefore, "the king had no right to give it, nor the people of England, for it was not their's to give. All 1 Jonas Clark, "The Fate of Blood-Thirsty Oppressors, and GOD's Tender Care of His Oppressed People," Mercy Seat Christian Church, 1, accessed October 06, 2014, http://www.mercyseat.net/jclarksonsermon.html.
3. pretenses to the contrary are vain and frivolous to the last degree."2 The colonists gained rightful ownership of the new land by purchasing it from the Native Americans and establishing it as their own; they did not gain ownership of the land by benevolence of the king. For legality's sake Webster adds, "if a title could be given by the king, we have that also, in our charter; which was a solemn covenant between him and our fathers."3 According to Webster, the British begin to commit their heinous crimes when the king assumed to take Boston's charter away, "the only one lost in the general wreck of charters, which was not restored, at the revolution."4 Following this abomination, the British commit more atrocities, namely unfairly taxing the colonists: "Because they have squandered away the nation's money […] they threaten to take away all of our liberty and property, and to reduce us to slavery and beggary."5 England is in immense debt due to their involvement in multiple wars, and their solution is to tax the colonists, since, they argued, part of the expenses were attributed to protecting the colonists from other European nations. However, Webster argues that the taxes gathered from the colonists are not used to offset England's war debt; instead the money "extorted from us is given to placemen and pensioners here, who are to be our task-masters to afflict us [… the British] expect letters from them like those from the enemies of Judah in the days of Ezra."6 Webster's grievances do not stop there, however, and it is by page twenty-six that he expressly discusses the British occupation of Boston. The British have "fram'd laws to extort our 2 Samuel Webster, "The Misery and Duty of an Oppressed and Enslaved People, Represented in a Sermon Delivered at Salisbury, July 14, 1774 On a Day Set Apart for Fasting and Prayer, On Account of Approaching Public Calamities," America's Historical Imprints, 2002, 21-22, accessed November 18, 2014, Galileo. 3 Ibid., 22. 4 Ibid., 23. 5 Ibid., 23-24. 6 Ibid., 24.
4. money from us without our consent; to raise a revenue, and so to make, at our expense, a swarm of officers […] would no doubt alone eventually destroy all our liberties." Because they refused to pay the taxes, the British "shut up [Boston], surrounded it with ships, and filled it with soldiers." All trade was put to a halt, leaving the people "to starve without remedy, except from the charity of their more humane brethren!"7 Also in Webster's sermon is the belief that "many think there is a design, and will be an attempt, to seize our best friends, and carry them home for trial! For trial did I say? No! For execution!"8 Although delivered two years after Webster's, Jonas Clark's sermon supports many of Webster's themes of British wrongdoings. Clark writes that through "false representations and diabolical counsels […] we are not represented, which deeply affect our most valuable privileges." Clark also speaks of "various threats of coercive measures," and "a military force [that is] sent to enforce them," supporting Webster's complaints of lack of representation and the presence of the British military.9 Clark specifically mentions General Gage and the Port Bill, and again supports Webster's claims of oppression when he states that the arrival of Gage and the implementation of the bill calls for "[subversion] of the constitution, [vacation] of our charter, [abridging] us of the right of trial by juries of the vicinity […] and exposes us to be seized, contrary to the laws of the land, and carried to England to be tried for our lives!" Clark depicts the lives of the captured Bostonians, writing that they were arrested and threatened by Gage's order, making the town of Boston a "garrison, and the inhabitants [of the town being] prisoners, 7 Ibid., 26. 8 Ibid., 27. 9 Jonas Clark, "The Fate of Blood-Thirsty Oppressors, and GOD's Tender Care of His Oppressed People," Mercy Seat Christian Church, 9, accessed October 06, 2014, http://www.mercyseat.net/jclarksonsermon.html.
5. at the pleasure of the troops," where they are "daily and abused and insulted."10 Fitch's sermon from 1776 is in conjunction with Webster's and Clark's respective sermons, as it also discusses the unjust politics of the British. Fitch condemns the British in their "endeavors to rob, impoverish and starve us into a base submission," at the hands of bayonets, and professes that the violence "is couched under Acts of the British Senate: The revenue Acts, the Quebec Bill, the Boston Port Bill, and the fishery Bill."11 In addition to naming the many injustices of the British and castigating their savage behavior, these various religious officials assert that the British are acting as tools of punishment by God, as the colonists have not been as devout in their beliefs and practices as they should have been. Clark alleges that "a just God may permit powerful enemies, or oppressors, to injure, do violence unto and distress His people," as the powerful enemies "are no other than instruments in providence and the rod in the hand of the great Governor of the world, for the reproof and correction of his people."12 That is, God does not allow the British to act as tools of holiness, but rather He allows them to act so that stronger faith may be born in the hearts of His worshippers. Elijah Fitch seconds this idea when he proclaims that "the wicked plotteth against the just […] for wise reasons and holy ends they are permitted to do so, by the wise and righteous Governor of the world."13 Here, Fitch suggests that there is a holy purpose to the torment brought upon the colonists. Fitch likens the British to foes of the Bible, such as the Pharaohs of Egypt: "Our unnatural enemies have made use of, to bring and keep us under their 10 Ibid., 10. 11 Ibid., 9-10. 12 Clark, 2-3. 13 Fitch, 6.
6. power and control, are much the same which Pharaoh, Egypt's haughty Monarch used, and they have as yet had the same effect."14 Fitch continues on to deem the British as children of the devil, articulating that there is an ungodly aspect to them "which is contrary to holiness, righteousness and purity; for this reason they are said to be of their father the devil, whose works they do." Such behavior is abhorrent, he argues, as these devil children are enacting "ruin and destruction upon the righteous people of God, who never meant them any harm, nor ever did them any wrong."15 Since these various religious officials contend that the British are acting as a tool for punishment by God, what could be the divine reason behind all of this? Fitch answers for this, contending that God allows for the wicked to proceed "to make the righteous fear."16 Webster also believes that the colonists of Boston must have asked for punishment, when he beseeches his congregation to "seriously consider, that it is our sins that God suffers all the evils to come upon us: He would never have thus forsaken us if we had not forsaken him first."17 According to Webster, the sins the colonists have committed are "filthiness & uncleanness among our youth […] injustice & oppression […] lying & backbiting […] strife & contention in towns and churches […] thefts and burglaries [and] murders!"18 To remedy the situation, Webster claims, "We must covenant or solemnly 14 Elijah Fitch, "A Discourse, the Substance of Which Was Delivered at Hopkinton, on the Lord's-Day, March 24th, 1776, Being the next Sabbath following the Precipitate Flight of the British Troops from Boston. By Elijah Fitch, A.M. Published at the Request of the Hearers. [Two Lines from Solomon]," America's Historical Imprints, 2002, 18, accessed November 18, 2014, Galileo. 15 Ibid., 6-7. 16 Ibid., 11. 17 Webster, 27. 18 Ibid., 29.
8. God, they have done nothing against the British "to bring all this evil upon us, but what was judged absolutely necessary to preserve our liberty."23 Thus, after detailing the crimes, condemning the behavior, and asserting the injustice of it all, these religious officials implore a call to arms, claiming that the colonists' decision to retaliate against the British is not only necessary, but rightful in the eyes of God. For He is allowing the British onslaught only so that the faith of the colonists in God will not only enable them to drive this evil away, but to also bring back their faith and dutiful worship of Him. As such, these ministers preach of the unrighteousness of the British's decision to attack the colonists, and they acknowledge that to not fight back for justice would be inequitable. To make his point, Clark compares the original founders of America to the children of Israel, stating: "The children of Israel would not have been, so early, persuaded to have left the gardens of Egypt […] had not their burdens been increased to an unreasonable degree." Compare this statement to "our fathers would never have forsook their native land, delightsome habitations and fair possessions […] had they not been drove from thence, by the violence and cruelty of persecutors and oppressors, in church and state," and it is easy to see Clark's argument that the Israelites and our fathers did not endure what they did for the Bostonians to stand aside and let the British commit their atrocious crimes.24 Fitch argues that the colonists asked for fairness, and instead they received violence when they "humbly petitioned for redress of grievances […] but were answered with the bayonet pointed at our breasts." He also argues that their violence is wrong, because all that the colonists have done "hath been only to defend ourselves from their unjust Fourth Church in Hartford.," America's Historical Imprints, 2002, 8, accessed October 6, 2014, Galileo. 23 Webster, 28. 24 Clark, 8.
9. encroachments."25 Clark's sermon seconds this sentiment of the colonists' violence being appropriate when he writes that "the sword is an appeal to heaven, when therefore, the arms of a people are eventually successful, or by the immediate interpositions of providence, their enemies and oppressors are subdued or destroyed."26 In the end, it is Perkins who drives home the point of standing up and fighting back in the name of God: "We are warranted by all laws human and divine, to defend ourselves by the hardest, & appeal to heaven for the justice of our cause […] to give up the liberties, with which God and nature have blessed us […] must be a crime in us." He argues by the law of God, the colonists must fight back, for "should a ruffian meet me on the road, demand my purse with a dagger at my throat, or pistol at my breast, if by any means I could strike him dead, I should think myself warranted to do it, by the laws of God and man."27 As such, this is a challenge to the faithful to take up arms in the name of God. He continues on to say, "The obstinacy and cruelty of our foes have obliged us to appeal from reason to arms. There is no choice left us but slavery or civil war […] Let us then begin, let us persevere in calling upon the Lord for deliverance in this dark and alarming day."28 So, not only is this a call to arms in God's name, but also a paramount event in which faith in God is reestablished and re- hardened. By examining multiple sermons from the years 1774 to 1776, it is clear that religious officials used their power of the pulpit to justify the Boston colonists' suffering at the hands of the British, and to provide them with the necessary call to arms to stand no longer for the injustice and unrighteousness. Through Biblical parallels and psalms these ministers denounced the British's shedding of innocent blood and encouraged rightful retaliation from the colonists. 25 Fitch, 25. 26 Clark, 6. 27 Perkins, 9. 28 Ibid., 12; 11.
10. Bibliography Clark, Jonas. "The Fate of Blood-Thirsty Oppressors, and GOD's Tender Care of His Oppressed People." Mercy Seat Christian Church. Accessed October 06, 2014. http://www.mercyseat.net/jclarksonsermon.html. Fitch, Elijah. "A Discourse, the Substance of Which Was Delivered at Hopkinton, on the Lord's- Day, March 24th, 1776, Being the next Sabbath following the Precipitate Flight of the British Troops from Boston. By Elijah Fitch, A.M. Published at the Request of the Hearers. [Two Lines from Solomon]." America's Historical Imprints, 2002. Accessed November 18, 2014. Galileo. Perkins, Nathan. "A Sermon, Preached to the Soldiers, Who Went from West-Hartford, in Defence of Their Country. Delivered the 2d of June, 1775. Being the Day before They Marched from That Place. Published at the Desire of the Hearers. By Nathan Perkins, A.M. Pastor of the Fourth Church in Hartford." America's Historical Imprints, 2002. Accessed October 6, 2014. Galileo. Webster, Samuel. "The Misery and Duty of an Oppressed and Enslaved People, Represented in a Sermon Delivered at Salisbury, July 14, 1774 On a Day Set Apart for Fasting and Prayer, On Account of Approaching Public Calamities." America's Historical Imprints, 2002. Accessed November 18, 2014. Galileo.


Stoke City are lying at the foot of the Premier League table after picking up a single point from their three outings so far.
Although Mark Hughes' men have yet to find the form that clinched a ninth-placed finish last season, the Potters will be seeking to take advantage of a potentially prosperous run of matches.
Once this weekend's home fixture against Tottenham Hotspur is out of the way, Stoke register a score of two or less in eight of the subsequent 10 matches, according to the Fixture Difficulty Ranking (FDR).
This hands them meetings with Crystal Palace, West Bromwich Albion, Sunderland, Hull City, Swansea City, AFC Bournemouth, Watford and Burnley.
Between Gameweeks 5 and 14, which takes us into early December, Stoke have only two testing fixtures - trips to Manchester United and West Ham United.
Fantasy Premier League managers should be alert to such a promising schedule.
The absence of Jack Butland (£4.9m) for around 10 weeks due to an ankle injury means that veteran Shay Given (£4.5m) is set to deputise.
Given earned a 10-point return in the 1-0 loss to Everton, making eight saves, including a penalty stop from Leighton Baines (£5.5m).
Potters' full-back Erik Pieters (£4.5m) is identically priced to the Irishman and is the most budget-friendly option in Hughes' preferred defence. The Dutchman is joint-top for chances created (three) so far for the Staffordshire outfit.
Hughes will also be hoping that new arrival Bruno Martins Indi (£5.0m) can help shore up a defence which has yet to register a clean sheet so far.
In midfield, with Xherdan Shaqiri (£6.4m) sidelined and Bojan Krkic (£6.0m) dropped to the bench last time around, Marko Arnautovic (£7.4m) appears the likeliest source of goals.
The Austrian netted 11 times last term and, despite failing to score so far, has registered 16 touches in the box, eight attempts on goal and five shots inside the box. On all three counts, that is at least twice the number of any team-mate.
Hughes' deadline-day acquisition of Wilfried Bony (£7.3m) on loan from Manchester City could be good news for FPL managers.
The Ivorian's strength and hold-up play looks ideal as the lone forward in Stoke's 4-2-3-1 and should allow him to cement a regular role at the Bet365 Stadium.
Despite falling out of favour at the Etihad, Bony offers the Potters a proven top-flight performer who bagged 17 goals and four assists in his debut season at Swansea City in 2013/14.
Stoke's new striker grabbed a goal every 162.3 minutes that year and, if he can come close to emulating those displays, could offer excellent value for money in our three-man frontlines.


text:
Noble Nerds
Illustration by Martin Ansin
The race between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney, Politico declared in June, was "a grinding, joyless slog, falling short in every respect of the larger-than-life personalities and debates of the 2008 campaign," and neither candidate did much in the ensuing months to elevate the contest. Yet now, a month after the election, Obama's campaign team has managed to cast a 2008-like hue on their 2012 victory.
The secret of their successful spin: Instead of talking about how their guy won a second term by methodically defining—and demonizing—his buffoon of an opponent, they're gushing about the ingenuity of their apps and algorithms.
The new story line began to emerge the day after the election, when Time's Michael Scherer wrote in a postmortem that the president's team showed that "the role of the campaign pros in Washington who make decisions on hunches and experience is rapidly dwindling, being replaced by the work of quants and computer coders who can crack massive data sets for insight." Similar stories soon followed in the New York Times and Bloomberg Businessweek, among other publications. By the time politicos and reporters gathered in Cambridge late last month for Harvard's quadrennial Campaign Decision Makers Conference, it was Obamanauts like digital director Teddy Goff and field director Jeremy Bird—not David Axelrod and Jim Messina—who were treated like rock stars. "The analytics operation … was awesome through this campaign," Jim Margolis, Obama's ad maker, told the gathering. "We should be doing shout-outs all day long for Teddy and all the people who were really looking at this."
The Revenge of the Obama Nerds narrative does have the benefit of being true. Just like reporters, Obama's supporters weren't nearly as enthusiastic as they'd been four years ago, but thanks in large part to the geeks who were obsessively testing which e-mail subject lines netted the most donations ("Hey" was surprisingly lucrative) and studying Americans' viewing habits to figure out how to best target campaign ads (TV Land turned out to be a voter gold mine), his campaign in 2012 was still able to raise more money and turn out more volunteers than in 2008.
In fact, the tech side was the only part of the Obama operation that could credibly be framed as a throwback to the old Hope and Change: Despite the slash-and-burn quality of the Obama reelection campaign as seen by America's television viewers, the president's 33 million Facebook fans "were experiencing a whole different campaign that was largely positive," Goff explained at Harvard. "What they were experiencing was this uplifting stuff about supporting the middle class, about fighting for education, and that kind of thing." And when you consider that Obama's Facebook fans were themselves friends with 98 percent of Facebook users in the U.S.—"That's more than the number of people who vote," Goff said—then the Obamanauts can plausibly argue that, for many Obama voters, maybe 2012 wasn't that different from 2008 after all.
Even more important, the nerd narrative gives the Obamanauts hope for the future. After their historic victory in 2008, they predicted that their candidate was so amazing that he could single-handedly transform Washington by sheer force of will. That obviously didn't come to pass. But now they are making similar predictions—not because of their man but because of their machine. "Luckily for us, I don't see anyone on the Republican side who understands what we did," Bird told me in Cambridge before going on to explain not only his grand designs of electing another Democrat president in 2016, but also for turning Texas blue.
Have good intel? Send tips to intel@nymag.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
What does Twitter's new TV ad targeting mean for marketers?
Omar Akhtar
Marketers can now cash in on the attention their TV ads are getting by following up with a targeted ad on Twitter. The new product launched yesterday, with an announcement on the company blog saying it was available to all advertisers running a national television campaign.
This is how it would work, let's say for example Doritos debuts a new commercial during a prime time show, or a widely watched sporting event . Twitter will then track people who are watching the show or event through analyzing mentions and hashtags, establishing an audience of who is most likely to have seen the ad. Companies can then deliver a one-two punch of advertising to this audience with a promoted tweet, links to buy products or additional video ads, on Vine or Instagram.
Twitter says this kind of follow up advertising is highly effective. Writing for the blog, Mike Fleischman, product manager at Twitter says, "Twitter's Nielsen studies say the combo deliver 95% stronger message association and 58% higher purchase intent than TV ads alone."
This could radically change Twitter's reputation for being a difficult place for advertisers. We recently posted a study showing that Twitter ranked below average when it came to creating customer loyalty. By reinforcing the brand, first through a high impact visual on video and then following up with personalized text ads, companies have a real opportunity to create brand advocates on social media. And they can always measure the impact of their efforts using a new set of analytics provided by Twitter TV Ads Dashboard. The data is all there, it remains to be seen just how innovative companies will be in using the new advertising tool.
Worldata Snares Stevens Publishing Lists
List broker and manager Worldata takes exclusive management Monday of the Stevens Publishing postal and e-mail lists comprising…
Clarke Promoted to Editor in Chief of DM News
Tad Clarke, executive editor of DM News since September 1998, has been promoted to the position of editor…
Australia Passes Anti-Spam Bill
Australia's parliament approved legislation yesterday that bans unsolicited commercial e-mail outright in most cases. Unlike the CAN-SPAM Act…


text:
package org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.objectinspector.primitive;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde.serdeConstants;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.PrimitiveObjectInspector.PrimitiveCategory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.CharTypeInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.DecimalTypeInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.PrimitiveTypeInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.TimestampLocalTZTypeInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.TypeInfoFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.VarcharTypeInfo;

/**
 * LazyPrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory is the primary way to create new
 * ObjectInspector instances.
 *
 * SerDe classes should call the static functions in this library to create an
 * ObjectInspector to return to the caller of SerDe2.getObjectInspector().
 *
 * The reason of having caches here is that ObjectInspector is because
 * ObjectInspectors do not have an internal state - so ObjectInspectors with the
 * same construction parameters should result in exactly the same
 * ObjectInspector.
 */
public final class LazyPrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory {

  public static final LazyBooleanObjectInspector LAZY_BOOLEAN_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyBooleanObjectInspector();

  public static final LazyBooleanObjectInspector LAZY_EXT_BOOLEAN_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyBooleanObjectInspector();
  static {
    LAZY_EXT_BOOLEAN_OBJECT_INSPECTOR.setExtendedLiteral(true);
  }

  public static final LazyByteObjectInspector LAZY_BYTE_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyByteObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyShortObjectInspector LAZY_SHORT_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyShortObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyIntObjectInspector LAZY_INT_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyIntObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyLongObjectInspector LAZY_LONG_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyLongObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyFloatObjectInspector LAZY_FLOAT_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyFloatObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyDoubleObjectInspector LAZY_DOUBLE_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyDoubleObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyVoidObjectInspector LAZY_VOID_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyVoidObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyDateObjectInspector LAZY_DATE_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyDateObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyTimestampObjectInspector LAZY_TIMESTAMP_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyTimestampObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyHiveIntervalYearMonthObjectInspector LAZY_INTERVAL_YEAR_MONTH_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyHiveIntervalYearMonthObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyHiveIntervalDayTimeObjectInspector LAZY_INTERVAL_DAY_TIME_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyHiveIntervalDayTimeObjectInspector();
  public static final LazyBinaryObjectInspector LAZY_BINARY_OBJECT_INSPECTOR =
      new LazyBinaryObjectInspector();

  private LazyPrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory() {
    // prevent instantiation
  }

  // Lazy object inspectors for string/char/varchar will all be cached in the same map.
  // Map key will be list of [typeInfo, isEscaped, escapeChar]
  private static ConcurrentHashMap<ArrayList<Object>, AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?>> cachedLazyStringTypeOIs =
      new ConcurrentHashMap<ArrayList<Object>, AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?>>();

  private static ConcurrentHashMap<PrimitiveTypeInfo, AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?>>
     cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors =
    new ConcurrentHashMap<PrimitiveTypeInfo, AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?>>();
  static {
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.BOOLEAN_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_BOOLEAN_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.TINYINT_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_BYTE_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.SMALLINT_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_SHORT_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.INT_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_INT_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.FLOAT_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_FLOAT_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.DOUBLE_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_DOUBLE_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.BIGINT_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_LONG_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.VOID_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_VOID_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.DATE_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_DATE_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.TIMESTAMP_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_TIMESTAMP_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.INTERVAL_YEAR_MONTH_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_INTERVAL_YEAR_MONTH_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.INTERVAL_DAY_TIME_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_INTERVAL_DAY_TIME_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
    cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.put(TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(serdeConstants.BINARY_TYPE_NAME),
        LAZY_BINARY_OBJECT_INSPECTOR);
  }

  public static AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> getLazyObjectInspector(
      PrimitiveTypeInfo typeInfo, boolean escaped, byte escapeChar) {
    return getLazyObjectInspector(typeInfo, escaped, escapeChar, false);
  }

  public static AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> getLazyObjectInspector(
      PrimitiveTypeInfo typeInfo, boolean escaped, byte escapeChar, boolean extBoolean) {
    LazyObjectInspectorParameters lazyParams = new LazyObjectInspectorParametersImpl(
        escaped, escapeChar, extBoolean, null, null, null);
    return getLazyObjectInspector(typeInfo, lazyParams);
  }

  public static AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> getLazyObjectInspector(
      PrimitiveTypeInfo typeInfo, LazyObjectInspectorParameters lazyParams) {
    PrimitiveCategory primitiveCategory = typeInfo.getPrimitiveCategory();

    switch(primitiveCategory) {
    case STRING:
      return getLazyStringObjectInspector(lazyParams.isEscaped(), lazyParams.getEscapeChar());
    case CHAR:
      return getLazyHiveCharObjectInspector((CharTypeInfo)typeInfo,
          lazyParams.isEscaped(), lazyParams.getEscapeChar());
    case VARCHAR:
      return getLazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector((VarcharTypeInfo)typeInfo,
          lazyParams.isEscaped(), lazyParams.getEscapeChar());
    case BOOLEAN:
      return getLazyBooleanObjectInspector(lazyParams.isExtendedBooleanLiteral());
    case TIMESTAMP:
      return getLazyTimestampObjectInspector(lazyParams.getTimestampFormats());
    default:
     return getLazyObjectInspector(typeInfo);
    }
  }

  public static AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> getLazyObjectInspector(
      PrimitiveTypeInfo typeInfo) {
    AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> poi = cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.get(typeInfo);
    if (poi != null) {
      return poi;
    }

    // Object inspector hasn't been cached for this type/params yet, create now
    switch (typeInfo.getPrimitiveCategory()) {
    case CHAR:
      poi = new LazyHiveCharObjectInspector((CharTypeInfo) typeInfo);
      break;
    case VARCHAR:
      poi = new LazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector((VarcharTypeInfo)typeInfo);
      break;
    case DECIMAL:
      poi = new LazyHiveDecimalObjectInspector((DecimalTypeInfo)typeInfo);
      break;
    case TIMESTAMPLOCALTZ:
      poi = new LazyTimestampLocalTZObjectInspector((TimestampLocalTZTypeInfo)typeInfo);
      break;
    default:
      throw new RuntimeException(
          "Primitive type " + typeInfo.getPrimitiveCategory() + " should not take parameters");
    }

    AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> prev =
      cachedPrimitiveLazyObjectInspectors.putIfAbsent(typeInfo, poi);
    if (prev != null) {
      poi = prev;
    }
    return poi;
  }

  public static LazyStringObjectInspector getLazyStringObjectInspector(boolean escaped, byte escapeChar) {
    ArrayList<Object> signature = new ArrayList<Object>();
    signature.add(TypeInfoFactory.stringTypeInfo);
    signature.add(Boolean.valueOf(escaped));
    signature.add(Byte.valueOf(escapeChar));
    LazyStringObjectInspector result = (LazyStringObjectInspector) cachedLazyStringTypeOIs
        .get(signature);
    if (result == null) {
      result = new LazyStringObjectInspector(escaped, escapeChar);
      AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> prev =
        cachedLazyStringTypeOIs.putIfAbsent(signature, result);
      if (prev != null) {
        result = (LazyStringObjectInspector) prev;
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  public static LazyHiveCharObjectInspector getLazyHiveCharObjectInspector(
      CharTypeInfo typeInfo, boolean escaped, byte escapeChar) {
    ArrayList<Object> signature = new ArrayList<Object>();
    signature.add(typeInfo);
    signature.add(Boolean.valueOf(escaped));
    signature.add(Byte.valueOf(escapeChar));
    LazyHiveCharObjectInspector result = (LazyHiveCharObjectInspector) cachedLazyStringTypeOIs
        .get(signature);
    if (result == null) {
      result = new LazyHiveCharObjectInspector(typeInfo, escaped, escapeChar);
      AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> prev =
        cachedLazyStringTypeOIs.putIfAbsent(signature, result);
      if (prev != null) {
        result = (LazyHiveCharObjectInspector) prev;
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  public static LazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector getLazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector(
      VarcharTypeInfo typeInfo, boolean escaped, byte escapeChar) {
    ArrayList<Object> signature = new ArrayList<Object>();
    signature.add(typeInfo);
    signature.add(Boolean.valueOf(escaped));
    signature.add(Byte.valueOf(escapeChar));
    LazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector result = (LazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector) cachedLazyStringTypeOIs
        .get(signature);
    if (result == null) {
      result = new LazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector(typeInfo, escaped, escapeChar);
      AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> prev =
        cachedLazyStringTypeOIs.putIfAbsent(signature, result);
      if (prev != null) {
        result = (LazyHiveVarcharObjectInspector) prev;
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  public static LazyTimestampObjectInspector getLazyTimestampObjectInspector(
      List<String> tsFormats) {
    if (tsFormats == null) {
      // No timestamp format specified, just use default lazy inspector
      return (LazyTimestampObjectInspector) getLazyObjectInspector(TypeInfoFactory.timestampTypeInfo);
    }

    ArrayList<Object> signature = new ArrayList<Object>();
    signature.add(TypeInfoFactory.timestampTypeInfo);
    signature.add(tsFormats);
    LazyTimestampObjectInspector result = (LazyTimestampObjectInspector) cachedLazyStringTypeOIs
        .get(signature);
    if (result == null) {
      result = new LazyTimestampObjectInspector(tsFormats);
      AbstractPrimitiveLazyObjectInspector<?> prev =
        cachedLazyStringTypeOIs.putIfAbsent(signature, result);
      if (prev != null) {
        result = (LazyTimestampObjectInspector) prev;
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  private static LazyBooleanObjectInspector getLazyBooleanObjectInspector(boolean extLiteral) {
    return extLiteral ? LAZY_EXT_BOOLEAN_OBJECT_INSPECTOR : LAZY_BOOLEAN_OBJECT_INSPECTOR;
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Lamont Colucci
Professional Speaker on National Security, Foreign Policy & Homeland Security
Professional Work
National Security & Foreign Policy
American Culture, Citizenship & Leadership
Business, Financial & Economic
Homeland Security and Intelligence, 2nd Edition (contributing author)
The Day That Changed Everything: Looking at the Impact of 9/11 at the End of the Decade (contributing author)
The National Security Doctrines of the American Presidency
Crusading Realism
All Columns and Articles
American Foreign Policy Council
AMI Newswire
IN Homeland Security
IN Public Safety
INT Policy Digest
Praeger Security International
The Ripon Society
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World Affairs Journal
Posted on July 15, 2015 January 24, 2019 by Lamont Colucci
USNews.com: Extremists Love a Vacuum
In 2012, Dr. Lamont Colucci was approached by U.S. News and World Report to write a weekly column on foreign policy and national security. This is under the aegis of World Report – Insights, perspectives, and commentary on foreign affairs. View the article on USNews.com
If there is an epitaph written about the Obama foreign policy legacy, it would highlight the word vacuum. The latest transformation of the Obama Doctrine should be entitled the Grand Retreat – not quite a rout, but not quite a strategic withdrawal either. It is almost exhausting making a list of every location that America has either left or never bothered with. However, one can focus on the single issue of Islamic extremism to illustrate this disaster.
The stage for this was set by the last two-term Democratic administration under President Bill Clinton. In an effort to avoid the large footprint of traditional American foreign policy, the Clinton team dithered over Bosnia, then Kosovo. In desperation, groups in both places took aid from radical Islamists, who gained battle experience fighting the Serbs and are now reappearing in places like Syria and Iraq. In the former Yugoslavia, they were sometimes referred to as El Mudzahid. These Islamic extremist fighters fought on the Bosnian and Kosovar side, partially due to America coming late to the game to assist against the imperial ambitions of Serbia, a historically Russian client. The presence of Islamic extremism in the former Yugoslavia proved so horrible that Ambassador Richard Holbrooke would ultimately demand the fighters' ouster as part of the Dayton Accords.
The Obama mentality was illustrated in Libya, where American halfhearted intervention assisted in justifiably removing dictator Moammar Gadhafi, but lack of further involvement allowed parts of the country to fall under the sway of the Islamic State group. Naturally, the worst example is in Iraq and Syria, where initial timidity followed by a rump policy of limited intervention with farcical rules of engagement led to the assembling and metastasizing of the Islamic State group, whose current grip is expanding worldwide. This vacuum has now been fully repeated in Yemen, and elements of it are in play in Egypt. America is absent from the field, and the enemy has exploited it fully.
The newest wrinkle to this vacuum policy is in the Ukraine. We are witnessing the deployment of Chechen fighters against the Russians. Ukrainian sources indicated their presence near the city of Mariupol. This might seem merely disturbing from a general perspective, as it illustrates both the chaos and desperation of the Ukrainian government. It is made a bit more salient due to the Boston Marathon bombing enacted by Chechen jihadists.
However, a more poignant issue is whether or not the Chechens in the Ukraine have any link to Islamic extremism abroad. The evidence is sparse, but Occam's razor would indicate the answer to be yes. Isa Munayev, the Chechen leader of the Dzhokhar Dudayev battalion fighting in Ukraine, has connections with an Islamic State group fighter who goes by the moniker of Khalid. There is a larger amount of evidence that Muslim foreign fighters of Uzbek and Balkan origins have joined the fights as well.
The Chechen jihadi relationship is not confined to Eastern Europe. For instance, French authorities have questioned Chechen fighters for possible connections between Islamic extremists inside France and as a provider of weapons to extremists. Their organization, if one wants to call it that, is known as the "Brothers," who are stateless Islamic jihadists with connections to the Islamic State group. Those in the Ukraine see the war there in terms of jihad; others simply want to hurt the Russians. The truth of this misses the larger question: Why is the United States not leading in the forefront to control events?
The United States cannot continuously choose the perceived lesser of two evils and call that a policy. The first problem with this non-strategy is we could be wrong. Were Gadhafi and Saddam Hussein worse than the Islamic State group? Probably not. Is the Islamic State group better than Iran? Maybe, though probably not. If this is now the benchmark of the Obama foreign policy, things are worse than they were even a year ago. We are beyond notions of a devil's bargain; we are simply choosing how close to the Ninth Circle of Hell we can live.
Tyrants like Gadhafi and Hussein had to go. They were inimical to liberal values and realist interests. The natural follow-up to the ouster of both would have been the United States leading the charge (as the Bush administration did in Iraq) of helping to establish order, rule of law and Islamic democratic values. Instead, we have the false narrative in the mainstream media that the devil's bargain is a viable and legitimate choice. This cannot be allowed to be the fate in the Ukraine, where the false choices are either supporting Islamic thugs or Putin's gangsters. Neither can this be the story in Iraq where the false choice is between the Iranian Revolutionary Guard terrorists or Islamic State group murderers. Nor again can this be the case in Syria, where the fallacious option is between the brutality of the Assad tyranny and the barbarism of the jihadists.
This can all be avoided with clear, unambiguous American leadership that is unabashedly aggressive. The number one job of any president is national security; an effective foreign policy is integral to this. The power vacuum created by the Obama administration is generating a military-diplomatic black hole that will be difficult to reverse.
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Dr. Lamont Colucci's Latest Publication:
How They Shape Our Present and Future
Debuting in Fall 2012, is an unparalleled publication written by one of the nation's most fore-front political thinkers, Dr. Lamont C. Colucci, professor of political science, dynamic public speaker, Fulbright Scholar, and former diplomat with the U.S. Department of State. The National Security Doctrines of the American Presidency is a comprehensive two-volume analysis of foreign policy and national security doctrines as set by U.S. presidents from Washington to Obama.
Most Recent Publications by Dr. Lamont Colucci
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Dr. Lamont Colucci's Breakout Publication:
The Bush Doctrine and American Core Values After 9/11


The longest ever cycle ride that I have done was fantastic. From home-to-home I cycled about 133 Kms in 8 hrs 15 minutes of cycling time on Sunday 1st August including the climb up the hill which took me over 53 minutes. With over 120 cyclists on the road to Nandi ,fantastic support from Brigadier Vijay's army truck as well as folks from Tandem Trails, great encouragement from Yogesh and other cyclists from BBC and Vasu of BHUKMP for company it was a truly memorable experience! I plan to write more details of the experience in my next post hopefully before the end of next week. Meanwhile, take a look at this post with photos from GGI - another fantastic cycling group that I got introduced to on Sunday!. Check this for the hill climb timings of some truly amazing cyclists.


text:
McCloud Rails- Equipment Roster - Other Freight Equipment
Other Freight Equipment
Freight equipment leased or owned by the McCloud River Railroad that doesn't fit into the other pages in this section will be covered here. Unless noted, the railroad leased all cars on this page from Itel and/or GE Capital. In most cases, business decisions or other considerations caused these cars to be registered to the McCloud River/McCloud Railway, and they had little to no contact with their home rails.
20006, 20009, 20011, 20111, and 20147: 40-foot PS-1 type steel boxcars, purchased 9/24/1963 from the Western Pacific. The cars did not have a long life in McCloud and may have been purchased to test an idea railroad president Flake Willis had for an open-topped boxcar designed to make the railroad cost competitive with trucks for lumber traffic to California. On 8/27/1965, Flake Willis requested that WP lease 100 additional identical cars from their 20000 and 21000 series to McCloud to be placed in service carrying U.S. Plywood symbols, but this transaction apparently never occurred.
WP boxcar #20807 is from the same basic series as the five cars the WP sold to the McCloud River. This car is preserved in the collection of the Western Pacific Railroad Museum in Portola, CA. No photographs of the five cars sold to the McCloud River have so far surfaced, nor has any real information on why McCloud bought the cars in the first place.
3010, 3012, 3014: 60-foot, outside braced, double door steel boxcars, built 1963 by Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing for Pullman Leasing Company. Likely leased late 1968/early 1969. Conveyed 1971 to Green Bay & Western Railroad #82-#84.
9300-9393: FBS-class 61-foot bulkhead flats. Cars in this series numbered 79 in 1994, 98 cars in 1996, 90 cars in 1997, 87 cars in 1998, 10 cars 1999-2003, and 4 cars 2004-2011. One car (MR 9393) scrapped late 2006 in McCloud.
Flat #9393 in McCloud in June 2004, two years before the railroad scrapped the car.
21200-21229: FB-class 56-foot, 8-inch bulkhead flats. 30 cars reported in 1991 and 1992 only.
1700-1814: RBL-class 52-foot refrigerator cars. Cars in this series numbered 65 in 2003, 110 cars in 2004, 104 cars in 2005, 90 cars in 2006, 53 cars in 2007, 3 cars in 2008, and 2 cars 2009-2011.
MR #1727 is one of the few cars of this class to have paid a visit to McCloud.
6000-6099: XP class 50-foot, single door boxcars, primarily intended for paper service. Cars in this series numbered 100 in 1996, 98 cars in 1997, 25 cars (numbered 6075-6099) 1998-2009, and 24 cars 2010-2011.
6100-6174: XP class 50-foot, single door boxcars, primarily intended for paper service. Cars in this series numbered 75 1997-2004 and 74 2005-2011.
12000-12512: RBL-class 52-foot refrigerator cars. Itel initially leased 494 of these cars to McCloud River on 6/26/91. 394 of these cars had previously been leased to two other roads (Ferdinand & Huntingburg and Louisville, New Albany & Corydon) and assigned to the Modesto & Empire Traction company for packaged food service. M&ET requested that the cars be remarked to the McCloud River. Itel and McCloud agreed. Under the original agreements, McCloud River leased 100 cars from Itel, to be numbered MR 12000-12099, with those cars assigned to M&ET while the rest of the involved cars were reconditioned and restenciled. However, 13 cars were not remarked to MR, and the Federal Railroad Administration found MR 12062-12066 unacceptable for packaged food service. In a subsequent agreement Itel and McCloud River removed these eighteen cars from the lease and replaced them with eighteen other cars, numbered MR 12101-12118, and added five additional cars numbered MR 12119-12123. The 394 other cars were to be numbered MR 12124-12517, but subsequent Official Railway Equipment Registers suggest only 19 of those cars ever received MR reporting marks and numbers. Cars in this series numbered 130 in 1991, 129 cars in 1992-1993, 130 cars in 1994, 121 cars in 1996-1998, 117 cars in 1999, 115 cars in 2000, 114 cars in 2001, 92 cars in 2002, 84 cars in 2003, 77 cars in 2004, 76 cars in 2005, 53 cars in 2006, 11 cars in 2007, 3 cars in 2008, and 1 car 2009-2011. Most of these cars appear to have been restenciled to M&ET.
45100-45189: HTS class 47-foot, 4-inch, 3600- cubic feet, 100-ton capacity rotary quad open top hoppers. McCloud River leased 90 of these cars from Itel on 6/15/89, with all cars assigned 6/5/89 to Union Pacific and Missouri Pacific. Cars in this series numbered 90 1991-1993 and 25 cars in 1994.
WGR Flats: Shortly after the McCloud Railway took over the property, the new company reached a deal to use a large number of ex-Illinois Central bulkhead flatcars then registered to the Willamina & Grande Ronde Railroad of Oregon. These cars- painted a light green with WGR reporting marks- were common on the McCloud Railway for the first couple years of that company's operation. The railroad used the cars in both freight and maintenance chores. Centerbeams replaced the cars, and they disappeared from the property by 1997.
Dicalite Hoppers: While these cars were not owned or leased by the McCloud River Railroad or McCloud Railway, they did play an important role in the operations of both companies. When Dicalite opened the reload at Cayton about 1986, they decided to ship both bagged and bulk products over the railroad. Dicalite decided to use compressed air to blow the bulk product from trucks into railcars, and to handle the traffic Dicalite leased a fleet of covered hoppers equipped with pressurized air pipes and other equipment to facilitate loading the cars. Dicalite continues shipping by rail in 2012, with their hoppers loaded at a reload on the BNSF at Nubieber.
Two views of a Dicalite hopper at Cayton in June 2006. Jeff Moore photographs.


text:
Broad, K. D., Curley, J. P., & Keverne, E. B. (2006). Mother-infant bonding and the evolution of mammalian social relationships. Phil. Trans. Biol. Sci., 361(1476), 2199–2214.
Abstract: A wide variety of maternal, social and sexual bonding strategies have been described across mammalian species, including humans. Many of the neural and hormonal mechanisms that underpin the formation and maintenance of these bonds demonstrate a considerable degree of evolutionary conservation across a representative range of these species. However, there is also a considerable degree of diversity in both the way these mechanisms are activated and in the behavioural responses that result. In the majority of small-brained mammals (including rodents), the formation of a maternal or partner preference bond requires individual recognition by olfactory cues, activation of neural mechanisms concerned with social reward by these cues and gender-specific hormonal priming for behavioural output. With the evolutionary increase of neocortex seen in monkeys and apes, there has been a corresponding increase in the complexity of social relationships and bonding strategies together with a significant redundancy in hormonal priming for motivated behaviour. Olfactory recognition and olfactory inputs to areas of the brain concerned with social reward are downregulated and recognition is based on integration of multimodal sensory cues requiring an expanded neocortex, particularly the association cortex. This emancipation from olfactory and hormonal determinants of bonding has been succeeded by the increased importance of social learning that is necessitated by living in a complex social world and, especially in humans, a world that is dominated by cultural inheritance. © 2006 The Royal Society.
Keywords: Endorphin; Maternal behaviour; Olfactory memory; Opioids; Oxytocin; Pair bonding; Prefrontal cortex; Social learning


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Tags: Dubai | Wax Trump
Trump Stars in Madame Tussauds' 1st Mideast Branch, in Dubai
Wednesday, 13 October 2021 03:43 PM EDT
In the United Arab Emirates, home to the only Trump-branded golf course in the region and rulers who for years cultivated warm ties with the former U.S. president, Donald Trump is back in the spotlight.
Not the real Trump, who has kept a relatively low profile since losing re-election last year, but a wax versions of Trump and his wife Melania. The two are some of the stars of Dubai's new Madame Tussauds, the tourist-friendly wax statue museum known for its celebrity likenesses that ceremonially opened its first Middle East branch here on Wednesday.
The lavish waxworks temple located on a small artificial island off Dubai unveiled 60 celebrities and leaders, from a sultry Kylie Jenner to a beaming Chinese President Xi Jinping, along with a handful of Bollywood dance stars in various dance poses.
Trump's figure, sporting his signature red tie, is seated at a desk with the former president looking down and checking out his smartphone, while a sleek wax figure of former first lady Melania stands by his side in a cobalt blue dress, her classic look during the 2016 presidential campaign.
"He looks very real but he's not quite orange enough," said 27-year-old visitor Marwa al-Haddad after snapping a selfie.
The wax figures at Dubai's Madame Tussauds were each created over six months by a team of 20 artists at the London studio, where wax was poured into metal frames, then sculpted with clay. Each strand of real human hair was methodically implanted using needles.
During his presidency, Trump was considered a close friend in the capital of Abu Dhabi. Gulf Arab sheikhdoms welcomed Trump's policies in the region, including his harder-line on Iran, as he pulled America out of Tehran's landmark 2015 nuclear deal with world powers. In Dubai, the flashy Trump International Golf Club, developed by DAMAC Properties, sprawls from the center of a luxurious collection of upscale apartments and villas.
To design the collection, the Madame Tussauds team conducted an extensive population survey to figure out who potential visitors would most want to see. There is no President Joe Biden currently on display, but a company spokesman said he could be featured at some point in the future.
In the United Arab Emirates, home to the only Trump-branded golf course in the region and rulers who for years cultivated warm ties with the former U.S. president, Donald Trump is back in the spotlight.Not the real Trump, who has kept a relatively low profile since losing...
Dubai, Wax Trump
Wednesday, 13 October 2021 03:43 PM