YouTube keeps coming up with new awesome Easter Eggs to put in their video player, and we love them for it. This one might be the best yet, especially if you're connection isn't great and you find yourself waiting for videos to load a lot. You now can play Snake, the oft-adapted PC classic, in the player window for any YouTube video without ads or annotations. This video will show you how to get started quickly and easily. Now you can waste even more time on YouTube then before!


Bank of Maharashtra Recruitment 2018 Upcoming Current Jobs Opening for Clerk & PO Vacancy without IBPS to apply Bank of Maharashtra BOM Recruitment 2018.
UP Gau Gram Scheme is introduced by CM Adityanath Yogi for giving Cowsheds to Tackle Problem of Farmers due to Stray Cows. So to overcome these problems Uttar Pradesh government has launched Gau Gram Scheme across the state.
Railway Scholarship Online Form 2018 Indian Railway is Providing Prime Minister's Scholarship Scheme (PMSS) to 150 Students from academic Session 2018-19.
UP Kanya Vidya Dhan Yojana 2018 Online Application are invited for filling Scholarship Named Kanya Vidya Dhan which directly goes to special Girls who unable to continue their study from below to top bottom. In this KVDY Scheme UP Govt and Central Govt will contribute amount thorough DBT scheme.


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Puzzling Photographs from Mars Need Explanation!
NASA has released recent photographs taken by the Mars Rover Spirit, after it had climbed out of the crater in which it had landed and took panoramic pictures from the crater's top. The photographs captured, according to JPL/NASA, a "dust devil" in the distance (about 2 miles away).
But as one looks closely at the photographs – there are many of them – one notices incredible features: What looks like a long sandcovered wall, a black stone ring, a sandblown conical structure & rectangular areas marked off by stone boundaries…
Enlargements of the photos on the JPL/NASA website by Erik Poltorak, our webmaster, only enhance the puzzle. An explanation by the rover mission scientists would be most welcome.
Z.S.
Read in Genesis Revisited about the ancient settlements on Mars.
NASA site of Original Images
MARS MYSTERIES
As of now, there has been no response from NASA (or some of the scientists involved who were personally e-mailed) to the request for explanation of the incredible photos from Mars taken by the Rover Spirit and reproduced on this website a month ago:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Wednesday | 19 Aug 2015
Lappi focused on WRC 2 hat-trick in Germany
Title heavyweights Esapekka Lappi and Nasser Al-Attiyah come face to face for the first time on asphalt at ADAC Rallye Deutschland (20 - 23 August) in what could prove a defining weekend in WRC 2.
After victories in Poland and Finland, Lappi leads the series by three points in his Skoda Fabia R5. However, fifth-placed Al-Attiyah is the Finn's closest rival entered in Germany and the Qatari has a 10 point gap to erase.
The Czech car claimed 1-2 finishes in both the last two rounds and Al-Attiyah has switched from a Ford Fiesta RRC to a Fabia R5 in a bid to boost his challenge for the title he won last year.
Lappi's biggest opposition could come from within his own team, as Jan Kopecký returns for a second WRC 2 outing in a Fabia R5. The 33-year-old is undefeated in the Czech Rally Championship this year and finished fifth overall in Germany in 2007.
Likely to go well on home ground are Armin Kremer and German championship frontrunner Fabian Kreim, both of whom will also be in Fabia R5s.
Nasser Al-Attiyah - switches to Fabia R5
Craig Breen aims to put the disappointment of non-finishes in Portugal and Finland behind him in his troublesome Peugeot 208 T16, while reigning French champion Julien Maurin will be another frontrunner in a Fiesta RRC.
Finn Teemu Suninen steps up to a Fiesta R5 for only his second asphalt rally and his first in a R5 car. He joins Eric Camilli in a two-car Team Oreca line-up and has been confirmed for rounds in France and Spain alongside his fellow Toyota Motorsport junior development colleague.
Nils Solans replaces Bernardo Sousa in ACSM Rallye Team's 208 T16 while Martin Koči is strong on asphalt and could feature in another T16.
Production Cup leader Gianluca Linari is absent and Max Rendina, who lies six points behind his fellow Italian, has the chance to vault into top spot in his Mitsubishi Lancer.
Recce notes: ADAC Rallye Deutschland
We've driven this year's route. Here's what we saw.
WRC launches Smart TV app
App launched exclusively on Amazon Fire TV
Al-Attiyah's new Fabia: first look
Qatari reveals livery for new Skoda Fabia R5


The Lidl chain of grocery stores will build ca. 2500 to 3000 m2 of store space at Piispanmäki. Lidl estimates the store will employ 20 to 30 people.
Kokkola City Council has accepted the agreement negotiated with Lidl, for an area of about 2.3 hectares. Lidl has now one store in the Tervahovi area, near Kokkola city center.


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The football match that was suspended due to the presence of UFOs: history is real!
It took place in Florence, Italy, on October 27, 1954. On that occasion, there was one of the biggest UFO sightings in history: the 10,000 people who were in the Artemio Franchi stadium, watching the match between Fiorentina x Pistoiese, were witnesses of the appearance of unidentified flying objects. The game had to be suspended "because the spectators saw something in the sky", in the words of the match referee.
In the days that followed the event, numerous sightings were recorded in villages close to the stadium. An unknown substance fell on the countryside and covered much of the city of Florence until it evaporated.
According to a statement to the BBC by defender Ardico Magnini, one of the players present that day, "it was something that looked like an egg and it moved slowly, slowly, slowly. Everyone was looking up and there was something shiny in the sky, silver and shiny (…) We were amazed, we had never seen anything like this in the sky. We were very impressed." The former player also remembers that a strange, sticky and shiny material fell on the field. Other witnesses reported the presence of not just one, but several strange objects in the sky.
In the days that followed the event, numerous sightings were recorded in villages close to the stadium. An unknown substance fell on the countryside and covered much of the city of Florence until it evaporated. Those who came into contact with the material described it as similar to cotton, but elusive, as it evaporated on human contact.
A strange but scientific explanation of this phenomenon came many years later: it could have been large, interlocking spider webs, which appeared in the sky like glowing balloons because of the sun's reflection, as this is the way spiders migrate, and date, October, coincides with their migration time in the northern hemisphere. However, the material found simultaneously with the appearance of the UFOs was analyzed in a laboratory and the elements found do not correspond to those that form a web. This means that the mystery of the UFOs that forced the suspension of a football match 60 years ago remains to this day.
Previous In the Milky Way Galaxy, 36 Intelligent Alien Species Can Contact Us From 17,000 Light Years
Next Fort Lupton, Colorado UFO Sighting


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CoronavirusFalse FlagsNews
Stanford Study: Infection Rate Fatality Overestimated by 50-85 TIMES
"Our Santa Clara seroprevalence study is now out. It shows 50-85 times underestimated number of infections, therefore 50-85 times overestimated infection rate fatality. True infection rate fatality is in the ballpark of seasonal influenza." – John Ioannidis, Stanford University School of Medicine
COVID-19 Antibody Seroprevalence in Santa Clara County, California
Eran Bendavid 1, Bianca Mulaney 2, Neeraj Sood 3, Soleil Shah 2, Emilia Ling 2, Rebecca Bromley-Dulfano 2, Cara Lai 2, Zoe Weissberg 2, Rodrigo Saavedra-Walker 4, Jim Tedrow 5, Dona Tversky 6, Andrew Bogan 7, Thomas Kupiec 8, Daniel Eichner 9, Ribhav Gupta 10, John P.A. Ioannidis 1,10, Jay Bhattacharya 1
1. Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA
2. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA
3. Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA
4. Health Education is Power, Inc., Palo Alto CA
5. The Compliance Resource Group, Inc., Oklahoma City OK
6. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA
7. Bogan Associates, LLC, Palo Alto CA
8. ARL BioPharma, Inc. , OklahomaCity OK
9. Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory, Salt Lake City UT
10. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA
The unadjusted prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Santa Clara County was 1.5% (exact binomial 95CI 1.11-1.97%), and the population-weighted prevalence was 2.81% (95CI 2.24-3.37%).
Under the three scenarios for test performance characteristics, the population prevalence of COVID-19 in Santa Clara ranged from 2.49% (95CI 1.80-3.17%) to 4.16% (2.58-5.70%).
These prevalence estimates represent a range between 48,000 and 81,000 people infected in Santa Clara County by early April, 50-85-fold more than the number of confirmed cases (956 confirmed cases in Santa Clara County as of 4/1/2020 KB).
The most important implication of these findings is that the number of infections is much greater than the reported number of cases.
Our data imply that, by April 1 (three days prior to the end of our survey) between 48,000 and 81,000 people had been infected in Santa Clara County.
The reported number of confirmed positive cases in the county on April 1 was 956, 50-85-fold lower than the number of infections predicted by this study.
The infection to case ratio, also referred to as an under-ascertainment rate, of at least 50,is meaningfully higher than current estimates.
This ascertainment rate is a fundamental parameter of many projection and epidemiologic models, and is used as a calibration target for understanding epidemic stage and calculating fatality rates.
The under-ascertainment for COVID-19 is likely a function of reliance on PCR for case identification which misses convalescent cases, early spread in the absence of systematic testing, and asymptomatic or lightly symptomatic infections that go undetected.
We can use our prevalence estimates to approximate the infection fatality rate from COVID-19 in Santa Clara County. As of April 10, 2020, 50 people have died of COVID-19 in the County, with an average increase of 6% daily in the number of deaths.
If our estimates of48,000-81,000 infections represent the cumulative total on April 1, and we project deaths to April 22 (a 3 week lag from time of infection to death), we estimate about 100 deaths in the county.
A hundred deaths out of 48,000-81,000 infections corresponds to an infection fatality rate of 0.12-0.2%.
If antibodies take longer than 3 days to appear, if the average duration from case identification to death is less than 3 weeks, or if the epidemic wave has peaked and growth in deaths is less than 6% daily, then the infection fatality rate would be lower.
These straightforward estimations of infection fatality rate fail to account for age structure and changing treatment approaches to COVID-19.
Nevertheless,our prevalence estimates can be used to update existing fatality rates given the large upwards revision of under-ascertainment.
We conclude that based on seroprevalence sampling of a large regional population, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Santa Clara County was between 2.49% and 4.16%by early April.
While this prevalence may be far smaller than the theoretical final size of the epidemic, it suggests that the number of infections is 50-85-fold larger than the number of cases currently detected in Santa Clara County.
These new data should allow for better modeling of this pandemic and its progression under various scenarios of non-pharmaceutical interventions.
Source: Firstfreedoms.org
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700 Days into '14 Days to Flatten the Curve' and the Only Thing That's Reduced is Your Freedom On March 16, 2020, the Trump administration released a...
Nuremberg 2.0 Is Here & It's Got A Criminal Investigation With Reference Number The Sons of Liberty's health and wellness expert Kate S...
New York State Legislation Proposes: Indefinite Covid Prison Camps for Unvaccinated


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Hendrik (Hendrick ou Henry) III van Cleve (van Cleef, van Cleven ou van Cleves), né en 1525 et mort en 1589 à Anvers, est un peintre, dessinateur et concepteur d'estampes flamand de la Renaissance. Il est connu pour ses vues topographiques, notamment ses vues de Rome et le Vatican, ainsi que pour ses paysages imaginaires. Traditionnellement, un grand nombre de représentations de la construction de la tour de Babel lui ont été attribuées, mais la plupart d'entre elles sont maintenant attribuées à des peintres flamands anonymes, désignés collectivement comme « Le groupe Hendrik III van Cleve ».

Biographie
Hendrick III van Cleve est né à Anvers vers 1525 en tant que fils de Willem van Cleve l'Ancien, un peintre. Il est le frère aîné de Martin et de Willem le Jeune ainsi que de trois sœurs.
Il est l'élève de son père et de Frans Floris. Hendrick et ses deux frères sont reçus maîtres dans la Gilde de Saint-Luc d'Anvers en 1551. Le plus jeune de ses frères, Willem, décède avant 1564 alors que Martin devient un peintre de genre de premier plan.

Il est certain que Hendrick se rend en Italie. Les historiens ne sont pas d'accord sur la période durant laquelle il réside en Italie. Certains la placent avant 1551, l'année où il est reçu maître de la guilde, d'autres la placent entre 1551 et 1555, date à laquelle il se marie. En Italie, il fait de nombreux dessins de vues de montagne, de bâtiments et de paysages urbains qu'il utilisera plus tard dans ses œuvres. Basé sur ses dessins de villes italiennes connus, il passe probablement du temps à Rome, à Florence et à Naples.

Il ne reste aucune trace de lui en tant que peintre ou dessinateur entre 1557 et 1582. Ce n'est qu'en 1585 que son nom réapparaît dans les registres de la Guilde. Il ne quitte pas Anvers, comme le suggèrent certains historiens, mais reste à Anvers, comme en témoignent diverses transactions immobilières dans lesquelles il est impliqué. Ces transactions démontrent également que l'artiste est devenu riche. On ne comprend pas encore pourquoi presque aucune œuvre ne peut être attribuée à l'artiste pendant environ 30 ans, jusqu'en 1580, année où il crée un grand nombre de peintures et de dessins signés et datés. Carel van Mander explique ce vide prolongé par une longue période de collaboration avec d'autres artistes, comme Frans Floris. Bon peintre de paysages, son maître Frans Floris et son frère Marten l'invitent souvent à peindre les paysages de leurs compositions.

Il épouse Paesschyn Suys à l'église Saint-Jacques à Anvers le . Le couple a trois fils, Gillis, Hans et Hendrick, qui deviennent tous peintres.

La date du décès de Hendrik van Cleve n'est pas connue. Un acte daté du  relatif à la vente par van Cleve du domicile de son défunt frère Martin démontre qu'il est vivant au-delà de cette date. On pense qu'il n'a pas vécu au-delà de 1595.

Œuvre
Sa production personnelle, authentifiée par un monogramme HVC, compte notamment une série de paysages avec la tour de Babel et des vues de Rome, d'après des levés in situ et des dessins. Parmi ses dessins, les vues de Rome et de ses alentours sont dans la tradition de Martin van Heemskerk, certains étant destinés à un recueil de vues de ruines gravées par Philippe Galle.

L'étude de l'œuvre de Hendrik Van Cleve reste encore à faire.

Dans le passé, de nombreuses compositions illustrant la construction de la tour de Babel ont été attribuées à Hendrick III van Cleve. Cependant, seules trois représentations de la tour de Babel peuvent lui être attribuées de manière plus ou moins ferme :

 un dessin monogrammé et daté (1684) au Statens Museum for Kunst à Copenhague ;
 un tableau vendu à Christie's Londres le  (lot 19) sous le nom de 'Cercle d'Abel Grimmer', qui partage de nombreuses similitudes avec le dessin au Statens Museum for Kunst ; et
 un tableau vendu à Sotheby's Londres le  à Londres (lot 7) sous le nom de 'Cercle d'Abel Grimmer'.

Le dessin et deux peintures montrent les caractéristiques de l'interprétation et de la visualisation de la parabole de la tour de Babel par Hendrick van Cleve. La composition dans les trois est semblable en ce que la tour est placée au milieu et la grande allée part du devant. La structure de la tour est en forme de cône et l'allée pivote vers le haut en spirale. Ces éléments reprennent les représentations traditionnelles largement utilisées pour ce thème au Moyen Âge, sous le nom de 'Cercle d'Abel Grimmer. Van Cleve fait preuve d'inventivité dans sa description de la tour et la ville. Il accorde beaucoup d'attention à l'ornementation de la tour. La ville à l'arrière-plan est richement décorée avec des basiliques et des châteaux placés au milieu des maisons. L'intérêt du maniérisme pour la création de panoramas de villes imaginaires est clairement présent, de même que sa fascination pour le monde arabe, comme en témoigne la tenue vestimentaire des personnages qui portent des turbans, la mosquée et le symbole du croissant de lune. Babel était souvent identifié au Caire au Moyen Âge. Sur le côté gauche du premier plan, le roi Nimrod avec ses soldats et les architectes sont représentés. Les autres personnages au premier plan sont peints avec une précision telle qu'ils peuvent être identifiés comme un homme ou une femme. Hendrick van Cleve répartit les autres personnages de manière uniforme sur le premier plan et incorpore souvent des scènes ludiques. Le paysage à l'arrière-plan a les caractéristiques typiques du Weltlandschaft (paysage mondial) du  et se compose de montagnes rocheuses et d'une rivière sinueuse au loin.

Les éléments typiques du dessin et des peintures de van Cleve représentant la tour de Babel ne sont pas présents dans le grand corpus de compositions de la tour de Babel traditionnellement attribué à van Cleve. On pense maintenant que ces compositions sont l'œuvre de peintres non identifiés actifs à Anvers entre 1580 et 1600. Ces peintres, qui partagent d'autres caractéristiques, sont désignés collectivement comme "Le groupe Hendrick III van Cleve". Une cinquantaine d'œuvres ont été attribuées au groupe.

Quant à la composition, les œuvres du groupe Hendrick III van Cleve peuvent être divisés en deux groupes :

 dans le premier groupe, deux routes mènent à la tour : celle de gauche rappelle un aqueduc romain, celle de droite passe par un arc de triomphe. La tour a une base circulaire. Un exemple est le tableau de la Hamburger Kunsthalle.
 Dans le deuxième groupe, deux routes se croisent en forme de X juste devant la tour. La tour a une base carrée. Par exemple, le tableau du musée Kröller-Muller à Otterlo et la peinture sur cuivre de la collection de la Fondation Custodia à Paris.

L'intérêt pour l'architecture, caractéristique du maniérisme du , est caractéristique du groupe Hendrick III van Cleve. Ceci s'exprime dans la représentation d'un méli-mélo de styles architecturaux flamands et d'éléments classiques tels que des aqueducs, des demi-colonnes, des palais, des arcs de triomphe, des arcs circulaires, des sculptures, etc. Les peintres anonymes du groupe ont également une grande fascination pour la ville imaginaire de Babel. À l'arrière-plan, il y a invariablement une ville avec des cheminées fumantes. Au premier plan se trouvent de nombreuses personnalités occupées à construire la tour. La perspective est généralement exagérée pour rendre la tour plus impressionnante. La perspective des compositions n'est pas correcte et il semble que le spectateur regarde la tour d'en bas.

Corpus

 Vues de Rome
 Ruinarum varii prospectus, ruriumq. aliquot delineationes
 Vue sur les jardins du Vatican et la basilique Saint-Pierre, Collection Frits Lugt
 Femme avec un arrière-plan de ruines romaines, 1551, Musée de l'Archidiocèse de Katowice

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie
 Thieme-Becker, Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, Leipzig, vol. 7, 1912, .
 Le siècle de Bruegel. La peinture en Belgique au , catalogue d'exposition, Bruxelles, Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, 1963, .
 Meijer Bert W., Hendrik III van Cleef, dans Fiamminghi a Roma. 1508-1608. Artistes des Pays-Bas et de la Principauté de Liège à Rome à la Renaissance, catalogue d'exposition, Bruxelles, Palais des Beaux-Arts, 1995, .
 C. Terlinden, Une vue de Rome par Hendrik Van Cleve, in Bull. M.R.B.A.B., 3-4, 1960, .
 H. Minkowski, Aus dem Nebel der Vergangenheit steigt der Turm zu Babel, Berlin, 1969, , 56.
 M. Van Der Meulen, Cardinal Cesi's Antique Sculpture Garden: Notes on Paintings by Hendrick van Cleef III, in Burlington Magazine, 1974, .
 H. Mielke et M. Winner, in Pieter Bruegel d. Ä als Zeichner, cat.exp. Staatl. Mus., Berlin, 1975, .

Liens externes

Peintre paysagiste flamand
Peintre de la Renaissance
Peintre flamand (avant 1830)
Décès à Anvers
Naissance en 1525
Décès en 1589
Membre de la guilde de Saint-Luc d'Anvers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: SumIfs Formula Issue I have a monthly spreadsheet that has a link taking you to another spreadsheet with totals, could be one total by vendor, could be several according to the month.  Constantly changes.  I want to be able to bring those totals to the Summary spreadsheet and sum each month by vendor but it is a manual process since lines per Vendor change each month.
=SUMIFS(INDEX(D4:E9,MATCH(G4,C4:C9,0),MATCH(G5,D3:E3,0)))

THIS IS TELLING ME I HAVE ENTERED TOO FEW ARGUMENTS
=SUMIFS(INDEX(D4:E9,MATCH(G4,C4:C9,0),MATCH(G5,D3:E3,0)))

DOES NOT WORK...TOO FEW ARGUMENTS??

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Alain Johannes music lyrics
Alain Johannes (Born 1962 in Chile) is a guitarist, though has been known to play numerous other instruments including but not limited to bass guitar, mandolin, piano, fiddle and clarinet. He is the founding member of the now defunct bands Anthym (Later named 'What Is This?') and Eleven. He frequently performed and wrote music with his wife Natasha Shneider (Also of Eleven) before her death in 2008. Johannes has significantly contributed to albums by Chris Cornell, Queens of the Stone Age, Eagles of Death Metal, Desert Sessions and the Mark Lanegan Band as well as mixing, recording and producing a number of other records. He also frequently tours with other bands and artists, most notably the hard rock band Queens of the S ...
Alain Johannes albums and songs lyrics
- download Alain Johannes music via
Hum lyrics
1. Mermaid's scream
2. Hum
3. Hallowed bones
4. Someone
5. If morning comes
6. Free
7. Sealed
8. Here in the silence
9. Nine
10. Finis
Spark lyrics
1. Endless eyes
2. Return to you
3. Speechless
4. Make god jealous
5. Spider
6. The bleeding whole
7. Gentle ghosts
8. Unfinished plan
check here most of album and songs lyrics to Alain Johannes music. Our databases have 2 albums and a total of 18 songs of Alain Johannes lyrics. Feel free to contact us if you find something missing or wrong.
back to Alain Johannes albums lyrics


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import collector from '../functions/collector';
import utils from '../../utils/index';

export default function each(data, fn) {
  const funcs = utils.collection.arrayize(data)
    .map(d => fn.bind(null, d));

  const coll = new collector.Functions(funcs);
  return coll.attachKernel(() => undefined);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This very emollient and botanically moisturizing sunscreen provides broad spectrum UVA/UVB protection as defined by the FDA. Made with preferred sunscreen ingredients, it is very water resistant (80 minutes), paraben free and fragrance free for rugged outdoor fun. Powerful antioxidant rich Green Tea, Grape Seed Oil and Vitamin E nourish skin while Aloe Vera, Lavender and Chamomile moisturize and smooth. Recommended by the Skin Cancer Foundation.


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A Heart So Fierce and Broken (The Cursebreaker Series) (Hardcover)
By Brigid Kemmerer
Bloomsbury YA, 9781681195117, 464pp.
Winter 2019 Kids Indie Next List
"Cursebreakers rejoice! The sequel to A Curse So Dark and Lonely is here! This story follows Grey and introduces a new heroine: Lia Mara from the enemy kingdom of Syhl Shallow. Filled with the same propulsive action and slow-burning romance as the first book, the sequel turns the first story on its head, leaving you to wonder who the real hero of the series will be. A cliffhanger ending will have you counting down the days until the next book in the series is released!"
— Carrie Deming, The Dog Eared Book, Palmyra, NY
In the sequel to New York Times bestselling A Curse So Dark and Lonely, Brigid Kemmerer returns to the world of Emberfall in a lush fantasy where friends become foes and love blooms in the darkest of places.
Find the heir, win the crown.
The curse is finally broken, but Prince Rhen of Emberfall faces darker troubles still. Rumors circulate that he is not the true heir and that forbidden magic has been unleashed in Emberfall. Although Rhen has Harper by his side, his guardsman Grey is missing, leaving more questions than answers.
Win the crown, save the kingdom.
Grey may be the heir, but he doesn't want anyone to know his secret. On the run since he destroyed Lilith, he has no desire to challenge Rhen--until Karis Luran once again threatens to take Emberfall by force. Her own daughter Lia Mara sees the flaws in her mother's violent plan, but can she convince Grey to stand against Rhen, even for the good of Emberfall?
The heart-pounding, compulsively readable saga continues as loyalties are tested and new love blooms in a kingdom on the brink of war.
Brigid Kemmerer is the New York Times bestselling author of A Curse So Dark and Lonely, Call It What You Want, More Than We Can Tell, Letters to the Lost, and the Elementals series. She was born in Omaha, Nebraska, though her parents quickly moved her all over the United States, from the desert in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to the lakeside in Cleveland, Ohio, and several stops in between, eventually settling near Annapolis, Maryland.
www.brigidkemmerer.com
@BrigidKemmerer
Praise For A Heart So Fierce and Broken (The Cursebreaker Series)…
"This sweeping, romantic epic repeatedly turns the tables on the fantasy tropes that readers might be expecting." —Starred Review, Kirkus Reviews
"Has everything you'd want in a retelling of a classic fairy tale: a finely-drawn fantasy world, a heroine rarely seen in fiction, and a tortured hero with a secret. I have only one complaint: I wish the sequel were already available!" —Jodi Picoult, New York Times bestselling author of A SPARK OF LIGHT and SMALL GREAT THINGS on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"Absolutely spellbinding. A Curse So Dark and Lonely expands on all the beloved themes of Beauty and the Beast to create an intensely original retelling. Full of fierce new characters, wicked magic, and wondrous amounts of heart, Brigid Kemmerer doesn't just tell a story, she builds an entire world that you will never want to leave." —Stephanie Garber, #1 New York Times bestselling author of CARAVAL and LEGENDARY on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"Heartwarming, thoughtful, and romantic: Brigid Kemmerer took me on a magical journey with this dark fairy tale about growing up, falling in love, and making impossible choices. I can't wait to see where these characters go next." —Jodi Meadows, New York Times bestselling co-author of MY LADY JANE and MY PLAIN JANE on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"I couldn't get this creative, suspenseful take on 'Beauty and the Beast' out of my head." —Sara Holland, New York Times bestselling author of EVERLESS on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"Slow burning, big hearted, magical fun! I loved every minute." —New York Times bestselling author Wendy Higgins on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"This enthralling modern fable champions altruism while illustrating intimacy's relationship with honesty, respect, trust, and consent." —Publishers Weekly, starred review, on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"Beautifully dark, filled with wild adventure and a modern-day heroine every reader will find a bit of themselves in." —Alexandra Christo, author of TO KILL A KINGDOM on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"A fast-paced, richly detailed feminist epic." —Kirkus Reviews, starred review, on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"Fans of Cassandra Clare, Marissa Meyer, or Alex Flinn, as well as any reader looking to sink into a top-notch story with great characters, will want to read this book." —VOYA, starred review, on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"A complex, creative, and compelling reimagining of Beauty and the Beast." —School Library Connection, starred review, on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"A fresh twist on an old story. . . . Fans of Sarah J. Maas will be eager for this one." —Booklist on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"A unique world filled with fantasy and menace . . . will leave readers anxious to see what happens next." —School Library Journal on A CURSE SO DARK AND LONELY
"A must-have for any YA collection. Give to teens who enjoyed A Boy Called It by Dave Pelzer or The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky." —School Library Journal, starred review, on MORE THAN WE CAN TELL
"Readers looking for a different sort of coming-of-age story or teen protagonists grappling with complex situations will fall in love with this romance-tinged novel." —Booklist, starred review, on MORE THAN WE CAN TELL
"Brigid Kemmerer blends magic, romance, and the growing specter of war in…a white-knuckle fantasy begging to be read in one sitting." —Foreword Reviews
"Political intrigue, swoony romance, and nuanced character development make for a breathless read, and a twist ending guarantees readers will line up for the next installment." —BCCB


We're looking to recruit a Client Director – Responsible for our engagement and win business strategy across a number of the Highways England's directorates. Highways England's capital budget will double during the next road investment period. We want to ensure that we are appropriately positioned to help our client deliver their programme of work. Furthermore, our client is transforming, and this is leading to a significant opportunity for us to sell new propositions and bring new commercial and delivery models to the market place.
Our business is won and delivered from close, trusted client relationships and built from a broad capability base. This approach has been successful across a wide range of sectors. Looking forward, we want to secure our future by continuing to be recognised as creating the vision for our sector, being part of project teams delivering the most iconic infrastructure projects across the UK. This opportunity within the Strategic Highways Market, part of our Transportation division, is exciting, as we want to strengthen and grow our market position.
Within the Strategic Highways market we have three Client Directors who work across Highways England, our second largest client in Atkins. We have client directors who work with the Operations and Major Programmes directorates. This role will work alongside these and lead all engagement across the remaining directorates (Safety & Engineering Services including innovation, Strategy and Planning and IT).
You will be an innovator who possess the ability to shape our vision and offer in line with our Client's strategy, ensuring we are supporting them in their delivery of their key outcomes. You will be able to establish trusted relationships with clients and partners and have a track record of leading major pursuits in the UK infrastructure sector. To be successful in the role, you must have the ability to remain focused on our client's success and develop sustainable, long term partnerships. You will feel as comfortable working across your client contacts, as with supporting our own delivery teams, seeking opportunities to make connections for mutual benefit.
We're looking for a leader who can make a significant difference, who gets a real 'kick' out of developing and winning new business. You will be excellent at quickly establishing rapport and trust with others. You thrive on making connections between people, instinctively making links and introductions to create greater value – for yourself, for the organisation and for the client.
People are at the centre of what you do, focusing on and listening intently to what people say comes naturally to you. In response you provide winning solutions from across our teams that all parties want to buy in to, influencing others round to your way of thinking because it adds real value.
This is a key leadership position within our Strategic Highways market team and will work with the Market Director as part of the senior leadership team.
First and foremost we want to recruit the right person to the team. We will then always aim to work with individuals to make sure that their role plays to their natural strengths.
• Build winning positions across Highways England's major projects from within the Strategic Highways market.
• Establish a strategy to grow the business for the Directorates within your portfolio.
• Build a trusted senior level client network.
• Be a team player, a strong voice within the team and provide visible leadership across our matrix organisation.
• Identify how Atkins can bring innovation to the sector, specifically focusing on supporting operational efficiencies within our client base. For example, identify opportunities to leverage our digital design and analytics initiatives.
• Bring tangible benefit to our clients – supporting them to deliver their key outcomes.
• Bring intelligence from local client teams back into the business.
• Ensure that bids are resourced with suitable Bid Directors and Bid Managers, and that win work practices are applied and be ultimately accountable for bid quality (including pre-positioning).
• Where appropriate fulfil the role of Bid Director on priority bids.
• Contribute to the business plan for the for the Strategic Highways market, pipeline review and priorities.
• Secure must wins, agree and achieve targets.
• Provide insight which allows our resource owners in practices to plan resourcing.
• Ensure our digital capability is fully leveraged as a differentiator in our business across Strategic Highways.
• Support the creation of new value propositions, bringing a deep understanding of the client.
• Operate across the community of specialists within Atkins (UK&E and global) to ensure that you are bringing client insight to bear, shaping the agenda to influence development of group capabilities.
Candidates will have significant knowledge of the highways sector to be able to demonstrate their ability and experience of developing strategic relationships with clients, finding ways to add significant value to the client's agenda.
• An inspirational, pragmatic, pro-active and engaging leader.
• A team player, collaborative whilst decisive and entirely at ease working within a matrixed organisation.
• Significant understanding of the market, partners, competitors and challenges faced by the industry, bringing a vision and passion to further develop it.
• Proven track record of building effective networks and identifying/securing new opportunities through new value propositions and partnering with clients.
• Significant experience in operating within a target driven environment, successfully.
• Ability to communicate using a wide variety of mediums and at all levels throughout the client and Atkins organisation.
• Demonstrable experience of operating successfully within a matrixed environment.
• Ability to communicate using a wide variety of methods and at all levels throughout the client and Atkins organisation.
• Ability to influence wider teams to engage positively in support of your goals and objectives.
• High level of commercial acumen.


This database supports research and teaching at BMSC.
Data covers the period 1972 to present, and include information about plants and animals in terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments of Barkley Sound.
Animals collected for research or teaching must be recorded in this database.
Noteworthy observations, both positive and negative, are encouraged.
Alternatively, print and fill out the PDF (link below) and submit a hard copy, or scan and email to the Animal Care Coordinator.
The herbarium includes plants from Barkley Sound, in addition to a few international algae specimens. The collection includes algae, vascular plants, lichens, moss, and fungi. Most specimens were collected during the late 1960s, as BMSC was being established. Students and researches continue to add specimens, helping to establish a baseline of biodiversity in Barkley Sound.
Phycotheca Boreali-Americana: A collection of dried specimens of the algae of North America. 1895 to 1919.
The Zoology Museum includes primarily fish and invertebrates of Barkley Sound. Most are preserved in jars. There is also a collection of dry mollusc shells and marine mammal teeth. Students and researchers continue to contribute specimens, helping establish a baseline of biodiversity in Barkley Sound.
Provides fisheries and environmental resources in order to help implement sustainable practices in the marine environment.
A database of DNA barcode sequences, which can assist with identifying and classifying unknown samples.
Generates a list of species found in a geographic area of BC or of a certain conservation status. Also provides information about a particular species or ecosystem.
An online biogeographic atlas of flora found in BC.
An online encyclopedia which provides information about living species of all kinds, with an ultimate goal to gather information about 1.9 million species.
A global species database particularly for fish species. Information can be located based on country, ecosystem, physiology, life history, and many other criteria.
Provides spatial information about fish, wildlife, and ecosystems of BC through a map-based tool. Requires Microsoft Silverlight to run.
A database of taxonomic information for various species – North American species in particular.
A classification database for many organisms – specifically, those covered by public sequence databases.
An e-book containing photos and information about sculpins from the Pacific Northwest.
A photo gallery of the identifying features of phytoplankton from the American West Coast (Washington, Oregon, California).
The World Register of Marine Species aims to provide the most authoritative list of names of all marine species globally, ever published.


text:
MSPO 2019: Modernized ARV for the Leopard Main Battle Tank Units
Image Credit: M. Szopa/Defence24.pl.
Marek Dąbrowski
Bergepanzer 2 ARV
Leopard 2PL
Bergepanzer
MSPO Kielce
mspo 2019
WZM Poznań
wojskowe zakłady motoryzacyjne
Military Automotive Works
WZM S.A.
WZM S.A. Poznan presented an in-depth modernization of the Bergepanzer-2 armoured recovery vehicle, during the MSPO 2019 event in Kielce.
The proposed changes are to provide the vehicle with an ability of supporting combat operations conducted by the Leopard-2A5 and Leopard-2PL main battle tanks. The modernized Bergepanzer 2 vehicle has been fitted with the CRS (Combat Recovery System) solution making it possible to work with vehicles weighing up to 60 tonnes.
The primary parts of the modernization package include increased power output of the engine (680 kW), extended crane arm with a higher lift capacity (up to 30 tonnes), improvement of ballistic and mine protection levels (correspondingly, level IV and III, according to STANAG 4569) and introduction of spall liners. Modernization also included addition of a winch with a constant pull force of 35 tonnes and cable length of 80 meters. Auxiliary winch features a cable with a length of 180 meters. The vehicle also features a universal front blade and a frame for carrying a Leopard 2 power-pack.
The modernized Bergepanzer platform received hydropneumatic suspension, EHS electronic hydro control system and redundant braking system as well. A/C system and tracks able to support higher overall weight have also become a part of the upgrade package. Each of the crewmembers has a 360-degree observation system at his disposal which makes the recovery operations easier.
Length of the vehicle showcased in Kielce is 8210 mm, it is 3250 mm wide and 2970 mm high. It offers a ground clearance of 440 mm. The modernized Bergepanzer's dry weight is 44.5 tonnes. In combat setting it weighs 54 tonnes and is capable of attaining top speed of 62 kilometers per hour. The vehicle may go over water obstacles that are 120 centimeters deep without any preparation. If prepared, Bergepanzer may go through a water obstacle that is 2.25 m deep.
The Polish military is willing to modernize its Bergepanzer 2 ARVs acquired along with the Leopard 2 main battle tanks. Proper procurement procedure has already been initiated by the Armament Inspectorate. The procurement procedure that has been initiated back in 2017 involves a consortium led by PGZ S.A. that also includes WZM S.A. and ZM "BUMAR-ŁABĘDY" S.A. companies. The procedure assumes that 28 Bergepanzer 2 vehicles would be modernized - this refers to the complete inventory that remains at hand of the Polish military.
The vehicle presented in Kielce is offered by the consortium and is derived from the Wisent-1 vehicle offered and developed by the Consortium's foreign partner: Flensburger Fahrzeugbau Gesellschaft (FFG). The platform in question was developed to meet the requirements of the Danish Army once the Danish military started to operate the Leopard 2A5 main battle tanks. The Danes are currently using the Bergepanzer 2 ARV, based on the Leopard 1 MBT.
The domestic modernization proposal also assumes that as many domestically made elements and systems are used, replicating the solutions used in Wisent.
The ARV's purpose is to support main battle tank/armoured vehicle operations. Their task is to provide maintenance and repairs in field conditions or to recover vehicles that may be damaged. Owning a proper inventory of support vehicles is of key importance for survivability of armour on the battlefield.


Since Paul did not start the church in Colosse, the people were unfamiliar with him as a man. He was someone who others quoted or spoke about his activities. They had heard of him, but they were not familiar with him.


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Borneo From Below
Underwater Videos of Borneo, Sabah and Sipadan
Come and discover the rumble beneath the jungle! Borneo From Below is a series devoted entirely to Borneo's beautiful marine environment. Each weekly online episode will showcase the region's incredible underwater inhabitants. Along with this, Borneo From Below will investigate major environmental issues such as shark finning, fish bombing and the trade in endangered wildlife. Each short, fun, inspiring and informative episode will also feature photographic tips and techniques.
Banded sea snakes (Laticauda colubrina) are one of the most venomous creatures in the ocean.
Sea gypsies catch crazy crustaceans!
A burrowing stomatopod caused quite a stir on the internet recently. It all started with a feature by the popular cartoon, the Oatmeal, who appeared rather enamored with this plucky crustacean. The rest of the world were fascinated, as the diving community raised a collective, knowing nod: we told you so. If they'd have listened to us before, we'd have told them the mantis shrimp is far from shrimpy. In fact, it's not even a shrimp at all. And it's hard – double hard – pound for pound one of the hardest animals around.
Mantis shrimps are either "smashers" or "spearers". Smashers are capable of striking their prey with the speed of a bullet, causing the surrounding water to bubble and boil.
If you were to fight one and blink, it would have smashed you 500 times in the face before your eyelid reached its destination. Which brings us nicely to their eye system.
ot only can each peeper move independently, but some mantis shrimps carry 16 types of colour receptive cones, compared to a human's measly 3. Plus they're capable of seeing in both UV and polarised light. Suddenly us homo sapiens appear a little feeble.
Add in the fact that mantis shrimps are often curious, some mate for life, they're extravagantly coloured and keep eggs in their forelimbs… and you've got every diver's wet dream. Strong, romantic, maternal and beautiful: what's not to love?
Unfortunately some people like them a little too much and mantis shrimp is being served up around parts of Asia. But what's so unusual about that? If it moves and lives in the ocean, we eat it. What makes this an interesting story is the way they are caught and then sold.
A walk around Semporna, a fishing town on the eastern coast of Malaysian Borneo, reveals tanks full of mantis shrimps, stuffed into bottles. Outside the eateries they are served up to – one can only assume – non-diving customers.
But how did the crustaceans make their way into the bottles? Was it a magic trick, like those miniature ships that puzzled us as kids? And how were these burrowing beauties caught?
Inside the bottles were enigmas, wrapped in a mystery…the perfect story to pursue. In Episode 4 of our online series, director Will and I head to Scuba Junkie on Mabul Island to dive with a resident giant mantis shrimp and take a look at what makes it so interesting. Afterwards we go on board with a local Bajau (aka sea gypsy) fisherman as he uses some primitive, yet effective methods to catch one. And finally we travel to Semporna's waterfront to see the local mantis shrimp trade in action.
Sipadan: the best day's diving on Earth
24 hours at Jacques Cousteau's favourite dive spot! With its huge schools of jackfish, bumphead parrotfish, sharks, turtles, plus the famous torpedoing barracuda, Sipadan tops many diver's bucket list. Now, thanks to Borneo From Below, you can dive it from the comfort of your own home!…
World First! Divers Discover Psychedelic Mutant Two Headed Sea Slug Off the Coast of Borneo
Contact us to Book your Borneo Diving Trip Today.


The following is an excerpt from Drunks, by Christopher Finan. This story is recommended by Longreads contributing editor Dana Snitzky.
In spring of 1799, Handsome Lake, a Native American, joined members of his hunting party in making the long journey from western Pennsylvania to their home in New York. Handsome Lake was a member of the Seneca Nation, one of the six nations in the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois Confederacy). He had once been renowned for his fighting skill. But the Iroquois had been stripped of almost all their lands after the American Revolution. Now fifty years old, Handsome Lake, too, was a shadow of what he had been. He would later say that heavy drinking had reduced him to "but yellow skin and dried bones." After stopping in Pittsburgh to trade furs for several barrels of whiskey, the hunters lashed their canoes together and began to paddle up the Allegheny River. Only those in the outer canoes had to work. The rest of the party drank whiskey, yelling and singing "like demented people," Handsome Lake said. The good times didn't stop after they picked up their wives and children, who had accompanied them on the hunting trip and were waiting at a rendezvous. Everyone looked forward to being home in Cornplanter's Town, named for its Seneca Leader.
Now that the party is home the men revel in strong drink and are very quarrelsome. Because of this the families become frightened and move away for safety. So from many places in the bushlands camp fires send up their smoke.
Now the drunken men run yelling through the village and there is no one there except the drunken men. Now they are beastlike and run about without clothing and all have weapons to injure those whom they meet.
Now there are no doors in the houses for they have all been kicked off. So, also, there are no fires in the village and have not been for many days. Now the men full of strong drink have trodden in the fireplaces. They alone track there and there are no fires and their footprints are in all the fireplaces.
Now the Dogs yelp and cry in all the houses for they are hungry.
Henry Simmons, one of three Quakers who had recently come to the village and had been contracted by the US War Department to "civilize" the Indians, said that some natives died. "One old Woman perrished out of doors in the night season with a bottle at her side," he wrote. In a community meeting later, Simmons denounced "the great Evil of Strong Drink." But the Indians did not need much persuading. After several days of deliberation, a council of Seneca elders announced that they were banning whiskey from the village.
Now it comes to his mind that perchance evil has arisen because of strong drink and he resolves to use it nevermore. Now he continually thinks of this every day and every hour. Yea, he continually thinks of this. Then a time comes and he craves drink again for he thinks he cannot recover his strength without it.
Now two ways he thinks: what once he did and whether he will ever recover.
A sky journey that included a stop in the domain of the Punisher.
Alcohol was not the only evil that faced the Seneca, but the danger of alcohol was a recurring theme in the visions that Handsome Lake experienced over the next nine months. Six weeks after his first vision, a fourth messenger took Handsome Lake on a "sky journey" that included a stop in the domain of the Punisher, a monster whose shape was continually changing and occasionally took the form of the Christian devil, complete with horns, tails, and cloven hoofs. He lived in a vast iron lodge where sinners suffered torments that fit their crimes amid scorching blasts of wind: witches were plunged into boiling cauldrons and then frozen; women who had used love potions were forced to display their naked, rotting flesh. Drinkers swallowed molten metal.
The messenger also conducted Handsome Lake along the narrow path of the righteous, which was surrounded by flowers and delicious fruit. On their arrival in the land of the Creator, he was reunited with his dead son, grandchild, and niece. Even the beloved dog that he had sacrificed during the white dog ceremony greeted him rapturously. Before sending Handsome Lake back to his people, the messenger repeated the warning against alcohol and witchcraft and said a "great sickness" would enter his village if the people did not mend their ways.
Handsome Lake's people appeared eager to obey. Cornplanter had described his brother's vision to the villagers soon after it was revealed in mid-June. Simmons, the Quaker adviser, said the Indians were deeply moved. They appeared "Solid and weighty in Spirit." Simmons also "felt the love of God flowing powerfully amongst us." Although he was regarded with suspicion by many of the natives, he felt he had to speak out in praise of Handsome Lake. Following the second vision in August, the Indians met in council again to hear the details of the sky journey. Handsome Lake was still too ill to attend.
The chiefs explained, that they had met at Buffalo, a Prophet of the Seneca nation, who had assured them, and in this assurance they had the most implicit confidence, that without total abstinence, from the use of ardent spirits, they and their race would shortly become extinct; that they had entered upon a resolution, never again to taste the baneful article, and that they hoped to prevail on their nation to adopt the same salutary resolution.
The Iroquois had taken their first step on the path to becoming a sober people.
The experience of getting drunk for the first time could be terrifying for anyone. Not long after Hudson's encounter with the Munsee, Captain John Smith, the military leader of the colony at Jamestown, gave liquor to a native man who he was trying to revive. "[I]t pleased God to restore him againe to life, but so drunke and affrighted, that he seemed Lunaticke," Smith said. The man's brother was "tormented and grieved" by his wild behavior.
Once the Indians lost their fear of alcohol, they fell in love with it. The euphoria of intoxication brought temporary relief from the pain of dispossession and death. A Jesuit attempting to convert the Cayuga Indians in the seventeenth century reported that they would announce their intention to get drunk before a drinking episode. "I am going to lose my head," a man would shout. "I am going to drink the water that takes away one's wits." Another missionary noted that the native people appeared to relish the disorientation that occurred as the alcohol took effect. "They rejoice, shouting, 'Good, good. My head is reeling!' " Once a man was drunk on alcohol, he found new powers in himself. When an Ottawa Indian was asked what brandy was made of, he said, "Of hearts and tongues. . . . [A]fter I have drank of it, I fear nothing and I talk like an angel." The drinker experienced a surge of self-confidence. "[I]n their drunkenness, . . . they become persons of importance, taking pleasure in seeing themselves dreaded by those who do not taste the poison," a third missionary said. Of course, inebriation also made Indians more vulnerable to manipulation by white men.
From the beginning, Indians drank to get drunk, to escape. "[G]ive two Savages two or three bottles of brandy. They will sit down and, without eating, will drink one after another until they have emptied them," a missionary said. At first, there were limited supplies of alcohol in America. But if the Indians didn't have enough brandy or rum to get everyone drunk, they gave it all to a chosen few. "And if any one chance to be drunk before he hath finisht his proportion (which is ordinarily a quart of Brandy, Rum or Strong-waters), the rest will pour the rest of his part down his throat," a colonist wrote. The Europeans agreed that the Indians had a drinking problem. "They will pawne their wits to purchase the acquaintance of it," Thomas Morton said in 1637. "Their paradise is drinking," Louis Antoine de Bougainville observed a century later.
Where is my gun? It is gone. Where is my blanket? It is gone. Where is my shirt? You have sold it for whiskey.
When we arrived at Gouanes, we heard a great noise, shouting and singing in the huts of the Indians. . . . They were all lustily drunk, raving, striking, shouting, jumping, fighting each other, and foaming at the mouth like raging wild beasts. Some who did not participate with them, had fled with their wives and children to Simon's house, where the drunken brutes followed, bawling in the house and before the door, which we finally closed.
Danckaerts, a religious and fair-minded man, did not blame the Indians for getting drunk. The fault lay with the so-called Christians who sold them the liquor. He even lectured his hosts, who admitted that they had participated in the trade. "The subject is so painful and so abominable, that I will forbear saying anything more for the present," he wrote in his journal.
Colonial authorities agreed with Danckaerts that the solution to the problem of native drunkenness was a prohibition against selling or trading spirits. The Massachusetts Bay Colony enacted the first ban in 1633, declaring that "no man shall sell or give any strong water to an Indian." New Netherlands approved a similar law a decade later. The most vigorous interdiction campaign was conducted in Canada, where Jesuit missionaries battled against the use of brandy in the fur trade. The Bishop of Quebec ordered the excommunication of any French trader who sold liquor to the Indians. A French governor had two traders shot for the offense. But the king of France ordered an end to restrictions on the liquor trade, and the laws elsewhere had little chance of success. As Danckaerts discovered, an Indian who wanted to buy alcohol didn't need to look farther than the next white homestead. Everyone was eager for his trade.
[O]ne finally accepts it and takes a drink, and getting one he wants another, and then a third and fourth till his senses have left him. After reason comes back to him, he gets up and finds where he is. He asks for his peltry. The answer is, you have drunk them. Where is my gun? It is gone. Where is my blanket? It is gone. Where is my shirt? You have sold it for whiskey. Now, brothers, figure to yourself what a condition this man was in—he has a family at home, a wife and children that stand in need of the profits of his hunting. What must their wants be, when he is even without a shirt?
Furs were all the Indians had to trade. Guns were one of their few capital goods. When these were gone, the hunters and their families found themselves sinking into poverty. If the harvest had not been good, they faced starvation as well. In 1737, Conrad Weiser visited a village of Onondagas and Shawnees that had been hit hard by alcohol. "Their children looked like dead persons and suffered much from hunger," he reported.
Many Indians didn't live long enough to starve to death. "When we drink it makes us mad," a Delaware Indian lamented. "We do not know what we do, we then abuse one another. We throw each other into the fire." Drinking-related injuries were common. "[S]ome falling into Fires, burn their legs and arms, contracting the sinews, and become Cripples all their Life-times. Precipices break their Bones and Joints, with abundance of Instances," explorer John Lawson wrote, describing natives in the Carolinas. Many drunks died of exposure after wandering away from their villages and passing out in the snow. John Josselyn, a naturalist, noted that the victims included women, "especially old women who dyed dead drunk." The number of alcohol related deaths among Indians appears to have been shockingly high. A Choctaw leader estimated that his tribe had lost a thousand people in just eighteen months.
Surrounded by white People, and up to their Lips in Rum, so that they cou'd not turn their heads anyway but it ran into their mouths.
Recognizing that they could not count on the colonists to solve the problem, natives took matters in their own hands. In 1738, a hundred Shawnee warriors living along the Allegheny River signed a statement that was delivered to the Pennsylvania governor. "This day we have held a council, and it is agreed by the Shawnee in general that whatever rum is in our towns shall be broke and split and not drunk," they said. The Shawnee were as good as their word, spilling at least forty gallons of liquor in the streets. Indians in other places also took action: villagers at Otsinigo, New York, warned liquor dealers to stay away; some Iroquois chiefs banned the sale of rum in their communities as well. But even the most vigorously enforced Indian ban could not stop natives from purchasing liquor from the colonists. Indians who lived close to white communities were the most susceptible to alcohol abuse. According to one of their chiefs, the Tuscarora "lived but wretchedly being Surrounded by white People, and up to their Lips in Rum, so that they cou'd not turn their heads anyway but it ran into their mouths." To escape alcohol, they finally moved from the Carolinas to southern New York.
The Indian efforts at self-policing generally failed. The natives were divided: for every sachem who saw the devastating impact of the trade on his people, there were a dozen young men who wanted to drink when they returned from months of hunting, and they had the pelts to trade. Some tribes fled into the wilderness to escape alcohol, but that didn't work for long as the white population moved westward. The great Indian leader Pontiac, who moved his followers from Detroit, admitted that their new home was close enough to whites "that when we want to drink, we can easily come for it." Aucus al Kanigut, the Tuscarora chief who had moved his people from the Carolinas to New York, feared that the victory over alcohol was only temporary. "We also request you would give us some medicine to cure us of our fondness for that destructive liquor," he said. The whites had no medicine and offered very little advice. In 1767, a group of Indians sought the counsel of William Johnson, the British superintendent of Indian affairs in the northern territories. "[T]he best Medicine I can think of to prevent your falling into your former Vice of drinking is to embrace Christianity," Sir William replied.
Although Benjamin Franklin shared with his fellow colonists many stereotypes about Native Americans, he was also deeply concerned about the impact of alcohol on them. His newspaper periodically reported on the consequences of alcohol abuse among the natives, and in 1753 he issued a public warning of the danger. In his famous Autobiography, Franklin expressed fear for their future. "[I]f it be the Design of Providence to extirpate these Savages in order to make room for Cultivators of the Earth, it seems not improbable that Rum may be the appointed Means," he said.
This poisonous liquor not only incapacitates them from obtaining a living by Hunting but it leads to the most atrocious crimes— killing each other has become so customary amongst them that it is no longer a crime to murder those whom they have been accustomed to esteem and regard. Their Chiefs and their nearest relatives fall under the strokes of their Tomahawks and Knives. This has been so much the case with the three Tribes nearest us—the Peankashaws, Weas, & Eel River Miamis that there is scarcely a Chief to be found amongst them.
Harrison blamed white settlers for corrupting the Indians with alcohol. "This is so certain that I can at once tell by looking at an Indian who I chance to meet whether he belong to a Neighboring or more distant Tribe," he wrote. "The latter is generally well Clothed healthy and vigorous, the former half naked, filthy and enfeebled with Intoxication, and many of them without arms except a Knife which they carry for the most villainous purposes." Harrison believed the Indians were close to "exterpation" and begged his superior to bring the problem to President Thomas Jefferson's attention. The following year Jefferson signed legislation banning the sale of alcohol to the Indians. Once again, the authorities lacked either the will or the resources to enforce the law.
The tormentor would urge him, saying: Come, drink—you used to love whiskey.
You are to make sacrifices, in the manner that I shall direct; to put off entirely from yourselves the customs which you have adopted since the white people came among us; you are to return to the former happy state, in which we lived in peace and plenty, before these strangers came to disturb us, and above all, you must abstain from drinking their deadly beson [poisonous, bewitched medicine, i.e., liquor], which they force upon us for the sake of increasing their gains.
The warrior Pontiac would later cite Neolin's teachings as an inspiration for the attacks that wiped out nine of the thirteen British forts from the frontier.
Like the prophets before him, Ellskwata, now calling himself Tenskwata (Open Door), urged the Indians to reject white ways, including alcohol. Indians and whites had separate origins, and "the Great Spirit did not mean that the white and red people should live near each other" because whites "poison'd the land." Tenskwata's preaching was not confined to the Shawnee; many Indians accepted his prophecy.
By September 1807, Indian thirst for liquor was disappearing in Michigan. "All the Ottawas from L'abre au Croche adhere strictly to the Shawney Prophets advice they do not wear Hats Drink or Conjure," one trader reported. (Hats were a symbol of white settlers.) "Rum is a drug [on the market]. . . . Indians do not purchase One Galln per month," another complained. But Tenskwata's hopes for an Indian revival died with his brother during the Battle of Tippecanoe. He was exiled to Canada for ten years.
Handsome Lake shared with other nativists a desire to save his people by restoring their pride in being Indians. Soon after awakening from his first vision, he said the messengers had told him that the Strawberry Festival, then under way, must always be held and that all must drink the berry juice. Later, he was instructed to revive the white dog ceremony, which involved eating the flesh of the sacrificed animal. The revival of Indian religion was crucial because Handsome Lake's vision had revealed that Christianity was not intended for Indians. He had seen a church with a spire but no door, which he saw as a symbol of the difficulty that Indians had in accepting the white man's religion. Jesus Christ also appeared in his dream and told him this in as many words. According to Handsome Lake, Christ said, "Now tell your people that they will become lost when they follow the ways of the white man." Handsome Lake was obsessed by the danger posed by magic and would soon lead a campaign against witches that would result in the murder of at least one woman.
Handsome Lake also opposed the sale of any more land to the whites and was ambivalent about the arrival of the Quakers. The Quakers did not attempt to convert the Seneca. They wanted to help the Indians make the transition from hunting to farming. But this fundamentally changed Indian life, as the Quakers pushed the men toward the fields that women traditionally tended and attempted to move the women into strictly domestic duties. No less threatening was the opening of a school where the Quakers taught the children how to read and write English. Many worried that the students would cease to be Indians. Handsome Lake was not opposed to all English education, but he believed that it should be limited to enabling Indians to protect their interests by reading treaties and other contracts.
Handsome Lake sought to live peacefully with whites. This may have had something to do with the fact that the Iroquois resided on reservations encircled by whites, and thus they had no military options. But it also appears that he had never become embittered by whites. He disagreed with those who believed that the newcomers were trying to exterminate the Indians. He viewed whites as neither good nor bad. Indians and whites were different. Their religions were not opposed: the Christians followed the teachings of Jesus Christ, and the Indians had the Gaiwiio, and the two gospels did not appear to conflict. Handsome Lake even seemed willing to allow Christian Indians to keep their new religion as long as they were faithful to its moral code. This tolerance may have reflected his experience with the Quakers, who did not seek to judge the character of any man's faith. Handsome Lake was grateful for the Quakers' efforts to help his people and supported most of their economic reforms. In general, Handsome Lake believed that the Great Spirit wanted mutual respect between races and individuals. In time, he came to regret his attack on witches.
When white people urged them to drink whiskey, they would ask for bread.
Handsome Lake saw that many of the Indians' problems were the result of a breakdown in their sense of obligation to each other and to the community. Some members of the younger generation had lost respect for their elders, provoking arguments between fathers and sons. Some mothers were interfering too much in the lives of their daughters and disrupting the relationship between husbands and wives. Too many men were refusing to marry in order to avoid responsibility for raising children or were "putting aside their wives" through divorce. Women were sometimes guilty of being jealous of other women and brutal to their children. Much of Handsome Lake's visions bore on the importance of strengthening the bonds between family members. Husbands must be the heads of their families. It was no longer enough to participate in the hunt and spend the rest of the year in idleness. They must "harvest food for [the] family" and take care of the livestock. Women must be good housewives, caring for their husband and children, welcoming guests, and looking out for orphans. Mothers-in-law should mind their own business.
Good food is turned into evil drink. Now some have said that there is no harm in partaking of fermented liquids.
Then let this plan be followed: let men gather in two parties, one having a feast of food, apples and corn, and the other have cider and whiskey. Let the parties be equally matched and let them commence their feasting at the same time. When the feast is finished you will see those who drank the fermented juices murder one of their own part but not so with those who ate food only.
They had got their eyes open to see.
Handsome Lake never succeeded in reforming all of the Iroquois or even all of the Seneca. Red Jacket, the leader of the large Seneca reservation at Buffalo Creek, remained a political foe. While he denounced demon rum, he was known to drink. There were also small Seneca reservations along the Genesee River that lay close to white settlements. In these places, "we are almost discouraged about our Brothers," Handsome Lake admitted. But these were the exceptions. Every year, Handsome Lake walked hundreds of miles to visit his followers and make new converts. It was obvious to all but the most cynical observers that a great change had occurred among the Iroquois. In 1809, Quaker Jacob Taylor attended a meeting of the Council of the Six Nations at Buffalo Creek. "I think I never saw so many Indians together before that conducted with so much propriety—the number could not be well ascertained, but it was thought there were about One Thousand, and I don't remember seeing one Drunken Indian among them," he said.
I will soon go to my new home. Soon I will step into the new world for there is a plain pathway before me leading there. Whoever follows my teachings will follow in my footsteps and I will look back upon him with outstretched arms inviting him into the new world of our Creator. Alas, I fear that a pall of smoke will obscure the eyes of many from the truth of the Gaiwiio but I pray that when I am gone that all may do what I have taught.
Handsome Lake was buried in the center of the council house in Onondaga.
When the news reached the outside world, the Buffalo Gazette published an obituary that began by carefully distinguishing between Handsome Lake and Tenskwata. It called him "the Peace Prophet" and recounted how a fifty-year-old man who was "remarkable only for stupidity and beastly drunkenness" had experienced his great dream. "The chief immediately abandoned his habits, visited the tribes—related his story—which was believed, and the consequence has been, that from a filthy, lazy drunken set of beings, they have become cleanly, industrious, sober, and happy," the obituary said.


Booking.com: Hotels in Llangollen. Book your hotel now!
The hotel is in central Llangollen, looking out over the Dee River. It mixes original character with modern comforts, including free Wi-Fi, free parking and a riverside garden.
Located in Llangollen, 3.7 mi from Horseshoe Pass, Riverside Suites Llangollen features accommodations with access to a garden with a terrace. Free WiFi is provided.
Converted from farm buildings, these cottages are in the beautiful Vale of Llangollen. They are 1.5 miles from Llangollen and lie on the 'Panorama', a part of Offa's Dyke.
Jasmine Cottage is located in Llangollen, 3 miles from Horseshoe Pass, in an area where hiking can be enjoyed. Guests staying at this vacation home can use the fully equipped kitchen.
Ddol Issa Farm is located in Llangollen, 2.4 mi from Castell Dinas Bran. Free private parking is available on site.
Located in Llangollen, Lyndonhurst Apartment offers self-catering accommodations with free WiFi. Guests benefit from a terrace. Free private parking is available on site.
The Royal Hotel is located on the banks of the River Dee, in the heart of the picturesque town of Llangollen and is one of the landmarks that has come to define this stunning Welsh town.
Located in Llangollen, Ty Canol Caravan Park has accommodations with seating area.
Located 3 miles from Horseshoe Pass and 2.7 miles from Castell Dinas Bran, Penvale Lake Lodges offers free WiFi and units equipped with a kitchen and seating area.
Situated in one of the oldest streets in Llangollen and a few seconds from the high street, Gales has individual bedrooms with private bathrooms.
This historically listed former coaching house has a large, secure free car park, and free Wi-Fi. It is in the center of the picturesque town of Llangollen, in the Dee Valley.
Hillcrest Guest House is located in Llangollen and features a garden. This 3-star guesthouse features free WiFi and a shared lounge. The property is 5 miles from Horseshoe Pass.
Set on 8 acres of idyllic countryside, this charming country hotel offers free Wi-Fi and a large garden area. The market town of Llangollen is just 1.5 miles away.
56 properties found in Llangollen.


From today to 23rd September we participate in the INDUSTRY SPACE DAYS 2016, in Noordwijk, the Netherlands. Come visit us at Booth J12. We look forward to meeting with you at this event.
Next post Space Passive Component Days at European Space Agency ESA.


You will improve your English speaking quickly if you practice speaking every day.
English is a difficult language to learn as a second language because there are many grammar rules to memorize and the spellings of words aren't always a good indication of pronunciation. According to Palomar College, there are approximately 341 million native English speakers, and there are a substantial number of English speakers in 104 countries throughout the world. Although English speaking may seem natural to those from English-speaking countries, people who speak English as a second language may need additional help to improve their English-speaking skills.
Learn the rules of English grammar, including rules for word order, sentence structure, parts of speech, verb conjugation and spelling. Knowing these rules will make it easier for you to form intelligible sentences in English.
Take a course in English language through a school or community organization. There are English as a Second Language (ESL) courses available through a variety of groups; some communities even have literacy volunteers to help ESL strengthen their communication skills.
Listen to native English speakers for cues about proper pronunciation, sentence formation, slang expressions and variations in speaking etiquette. Linguists will tell you that the rules for proper speech lie with the native speaker, so you are likely to learn more by observing others than to follow the strict guidelines of a textbook.
Immerse yourself in the language by surrounding yourself with native speakers and forcing yourself to speak English as much as possible. Don't worry about making mistakes in front of native speakers because your mistakes will only improve your speaking skills in the long run.
Watch television shows, listen to radio and read books in English to learn more about how native speakers use and pronounce words. The more you hear the language, the better you will be able to use it.
Watch yourself in a mirror as you practice speaking English, and observe the shape of your mouth with each sound and word you produce. You may find that your difficulties with pronunciation are a result of the ways in which you open your mouth and place your tongue.
Keep a translation dictionary with you so that you can translate unfamiliar words and then practice using them in a sentence. The best way to enlarge your vocabulary is to make a conscious effort of learning and practicing new words.
Don't be discouraged by making mistakes in front of native speakers. Even if they laugh at your mistakes, you can rest assured that they would sound just as funny if they were trying to speak your language.
Never try to learn English using only a textbook because textbooks don't provide you with audio pronunciations and cues about slang. Your curriculum should include a combination of textbooks, audio translations and conversational practice.
Allonsy, Amelia. "How to Improve My English Speaking." Synonym, https://classroom.synonym.com/improve-english-speaking-7372628.html. Accessed 23 April 2019.