text:
Excellent Connectivity To 5 MRT Stations
Free Shuttle Bus Service To Tampines MRT Station and Changi Airport For 1 Year
Shopping Conveniences At Tampines Regional Centre
Singapore's First Integrated Lifestyle Hub
21KM Cycling Network In Tampines
Family Bonding at East Coast Park
Forest Adventure At Bedok Reservoir
Tampines Retail Park
St. Hilda School
Poi Ching School
United World College – Largest UWC Campus in South-East Asia Catering to 5,400 Students
Temasek Polytechnic
Singapore University of Technology and Design
One @ Changi City
Jewel Changi Airport – More than 280 Retail & Food Options
Treasure at Tampines in buffers
1. Tampines Reward Safety and Simplicity
The most effective position to remain is key to health. Health. The Treasure is based geographically in the middle of Tampines, next to the NTUC Supermarket. The courts, IKEA and Giant in Tampines, the Retail Park are famous and famous. It offers extra possibilities for furniture getting in tests, IKEA and doesn't neglect the great food of IKEA and new Massive fruit and vegetables.
• Not merely one but three rather related MRT programs •
EastPoint Mall is found in the north and south of the city along with close to Tampines MRT. Because extensive refurbishing, it presently has six extensive surfaces operated by the NTUC Frasers CentrePoint leasing co-operative. This really is just 7 mins from Simei MRT, Tampines West MRT. It is a vibrant center with 100 stores and several metropolitan transportation types which are conveniently readily available for travel. You will find shops, such as for instance Daiso, FairPrice Store 24h, first porridge shop in Singapore, which can be among 30 creative food and drink concepts on the road, in addition to 18 eateries, Hanis Café and Bakery at Halal Eateries. Homebuyers convenience. At the center east it's also called Penrose. Eastpoint Mall reveals the investigation places and a beach system that children tend to rest on. The middle also gives cultural events.
• Account fully for hospital companies
If you have skilled examinations, it is less troublesome to travel from Tampines for your tests. The general hospital in Changi is a few momemts' go from the Treasure at Tampines.
2. Treasure area of Tampines facilities
The basic principles or satisfying with Treasure in Tampines you'll never be obliged to find.
He is a fellow. He is a fellow. The Treasure at Tampines is detailed with 2 child's playgrounds, a leisure place and vehicle park parts and a 24-hour protection facility.
In the Riches subject of Tampines there are numerous malls. Tampines 1 is Century Plaza and Tampines Road. Tampines 1. The 6-story Century Square was extended for an overall total of 12 months and completed in 1995.
• Tampines Mall and Square of the Millennium
Millennium Sq, with 125 stores, occupies nearly 200,000 m2. After the repair on 6 August 2018, it officially reopened. The very first e-library was fitted in the store in a supermarket. In the last ground, clients can study e-books with their smartphones in the active library. Both of these have been revised in the aspects of healthcare, new bathrooms, new elevators and escalators. An extension was also available. Actually you can find 21,6055 square feet and their units are up 70 per cent from 125 to 218. It can also be estimated that Forett @ Bukit Timah would introduction still another condominium. It's much more than Tampines City's 160-unit. You will render other stuff, rather than malls, along along with your family relations – shooting at the Fantastic Community in Tampines City.
• Exercise middle •
There is also the Tampines Key in the field. You will find food shops, shops with snacks, products and centres such as for example My English College, the Innovative Child Enjoy STEM Training Center and HomeTeam NS Tampines. Laser Search study is great for companies and schools in HomeTeam NS Tampines on vacations, household meetings and correspondence.
You and your favorite can take portion in various sports facilities at the Tampines Hub. For floorball, handball, cricket, hockey, sepak takraw, a football subject, a baseball chart, golf courts and a sports corridor with 1800 pieces are needed. As well as a activities middle, there's a municipal auditorium which includes 20 courts and 1500 people interior peppermint water. There is also a beach complex with a minimum of six bathing bathrooms, a hot tub for fitness lovers and tourists. Following a long day it is great for school or college. For people who wish to sort out in the third last quarter of 2017, the fitness center at stage 7 has been built. There is also a running route, accessible every day between 0700 and 1200, with locksmith and showers comfortable. The most critical function of the Tampines Middle could be the FIFA-approved football subject Efficiency Program, which includes 5,000 chairs, for sport and rugby enthusiasts. A great many other facilities can be licensed, such as the child's sky garden and bbq trap.
The 5-story regional library of Tampines also has a wide study and enjoyable area, as well as numerous calendar events. With the cooking lessons to be conducted in Tampines Regional Library, interior kitchens will be required in the future.
3. Tampines-near colleges
• Main schools and pediatrics
Many different Treasure Colleges for the child's schooling are available in Tampines. For example, Angsana Primary College, Angsana Primary College and Jun Yuan Extra are Changi Bethany Kindergarten, Chong Zheng First School and Changkat Principal College and Tampines Primary school. Tampines Principal College also has a student program of the Kidz Treehouse College to greatly help search following them.
• Private institutions independent colleges
The 2nd school of St. Hilda, the center college of Pasir Ris, the elementary college of East Spring, East View, the secondary school of Changkat, the Anglican secondary college of Dunman will also be on the way. There is currently development going on.
• Polytechnic Colleges and •
Temasek Polytechnic can be based at the SUTD (Schools of Engineering and Design) in Singapore. Among Singapore's major regional colleges of architecture and sustainable structure, Environmental Executive, Systems and Software Construction, (ESD), and ITD (ISTD), is the School of Pc Design. This is the only university to utilize in Singapore other than the Yale-NUS campus for an extensive standardized entrance method.
4. Project Spaces Treasure at Tampines
Residents may take part in businesses such as for example Seletar, Airport Changi, Typical Chartered, DBS, IBM and Changi Company Park inside a small distance.
OCBC and UOB have because moved to function there because the spot is very good, as have major organizations, including Hitachi and Singapore Airlines.
5. Must-see the Tampines hidden places
• Ecology performs
Additionally, Bukit Timah Forest, Green Green Area, and MacRitchie forest are land value a visit as well as large centers and attractions, if you love true character and appreciate sightseeing. Tampines Eco Green Park is related to Tampines Biken Trail and the Sun Plaza Park via the bridge between the park to experience the wonder of flora and fauna, you and your loved ones. This really is well-known for bird study and nature love. Among its features is the character hold Bukit Timah, which gives pile cycling and a stroll with monks to get understanding regarding their cultural group and history.
The Quarry Website can be situated just over the Tampines boundary from the old mud quarry. Listed here is the opportunity to find the best views!
The infrastructure over the Tank MacRitchie is very perfect for outdoor adventurers, walkers, water activities supporters and fans of nature. Oahu is the main tank in Singapore, which will be part of the rain and snow collection network. You might find woods and chickens in the woods on a bird's eye view on a tree-top go in MacRitchie Park. On the popular 250-meter, standalone suspension link reaches the highest place of the MacRitchie tank. The natural route is 11 km long so that readers who wish to perform aventurous activities can rent a kayak at the Paddle Resort and have lots of enjoyment on the lake. The spot for beginners and seasoned paddlers is called in the Exercise Lodge.
MRT station Treasure at Tampines
Inside a 5-minute drive to house consumers with a sedan, you can travel to the Tampines MRT or to centers along the Tampines MRT connecting the Tampins Expressway (TPE) to the Pasir Ris, Tapins, Punggol and Seletar. Pan Area Expressway connections Tuas to the Changi airport to the east along with Tampines Expressway.
The Tampines Bus Interchange is an open-air venue on 512 prevents of the city center alongside the Tampines MRT Station. It's by far the next coach taxi in Singapore and the interchange between Tampines has over 27 coach lines that help you save time. The upgrade in 2008, which means that the bus change is open to going services, along with the commuter coach route, is another unique aspects of the Tampines Coach exchange.
There's also a Tampines Mass Quick Transit Place (MRT), based downtown street, along with the town-service bus company, to url you with others from Bukit Panjang to Expo in the north-east. The town heart has now 35 stations, and from Expo to Sungei Bedok in 2024 there are about 2.2 kilometres. Nowadays, that's 41,9 km long. You get 51 minutes and break your trip 20 minutes to Bukit Panjang from the East Western Point as opposed to 71 minutes. Through Tampines MRT you get about thirty minutes on the downtown lines for folks employed in the main business area ( CBD) to your destination. It's less of a driving issue! You do not just have one route to operate a vehicle, you've three ways to transportation in the city centre.
Tampines West and Simei MRT Place are within strolling achieve, along with the Treasure at Tampines at the Tampines MRT Station. Also cycle-friendly floors provide things much more convenient and functional.
Was the Treasure at Tampines the most effective spot for you personally and your family? Do not be alarmed if you're angry by that question. Tampines is among Singapore's many populated professional parts and has several benefits, along with their significance as a non-centralized industry centre. It's very important to understand why lots of people in the island elect to contact this house.
Treasure at Tampines is synonymous with amazing in Tampines
Comfort is definitely an substantial element that must be taken into account when trying to find a house. It's remarkable as Treasure at Tampines offers you a secure link to any or all areas of Singapore and elsewhere. Eugene Lim, the state Period television network, informs you it only takes quarter-hour to travel to the city of Tampines in the Treasuries.
Tampines includes a big number of educational facilities, from kids' centres, principal schools and extra schools. The foreign academy, the Singapor College of Technology and Design and Temasek polytechnic are a number of the instructional services that take advantage of a trip through the Treasury.
Neighborhood features may also be commonly accessible, including health centres and a few hospitals throughout the whole region. Hey, the Simei MRT St Andrews City and Changi Normal Clinic are just several meters apart.
Treasure at Tampines is beyond the Tampines company middle
As well as the services for a remain at Treasure at Tampines, that is the greatest hub for business and industrial development. It gives citizens a host of job possibilities shut key businesses such as Seletar, Changi Airport, DBS, IBM and Changi Company Park.
OCBC and UOB have since been used in service, among many domestic organizations, such as for instance major subsidiaries such as for instance Hitachi and Singapore Airlines.
The easy exposure to these positions is just a bonus for workers in the Treasure at Tampines and different employers in highly-paid employment. It can be the simplest way to keep your lifetime happy.
The neighborhood prosperity of the Tampines is made
Tampines are distinct weighed against the others, amid a lot of creativity and prosperity, of new towns or locations that look incomplete and unwilling to survive. The unique splendor of the area can only be thought once you stroll through the riches in Tampines.
Beautiful Tampines Luxurious Parks
The Quarry Park is found on an ancient sande quarry in the suburbs of Tampines. You can find number specified park highways and number resorts, but if you are happy to be driving through the area, you must discover one of the best sights in Singapore. Of wildlife, chicken seeing and enjoyment is perfect.
Bedok Tank is only a short travel from Tampines splendor, the wealthy normal center, with spectacular landscape and a magnificent environment. When you are a water activities sweetheart, you'll consider too much to learn here. In Tampines, southeast of the capital, tennis courses are also open.
In short, the condo Treasure at Tampines has too much to present to the buyer and that is surely an reason why therefore many households. About 50% of the homes in Tampines have 3-4 men.
Tampines nucleus
This is one of Tampines'largest centres. With better travel, like escalators, it's increased on the years. Parking places from 2 various entry points may also be accessible. You will discover all the points you have to do in the Tampines Shop and the near future Treasure at Tampines citizens realize that that is one of the most famous stores in the region.
Century Sq
Sq of the century is Tampines'earliest shop, and the six-story store has many items you want to remain in Tampines'Luxury. Every floor has items from ground ground food delivery kiosks to sports and activities at the first floor and top point entertainment. The Middle has undergone many improvements following the renovation. You spend hours looking and getting a huge selection of factors in the store.
1 shields
Here is the latest key of the three, and many citizens need to use their facilities. While smaller compared to the Tampines Center, it includes outstanding choices, such as for instance supermarkets and restaurants.
You can find different instances why you need to pick a flat near to buying centres, like The Treasure at Tampines. A number of the benefits to be observed:
Url to the electronics
If you want to keep in a single position with less shopping centers, you would sense depressed since your inventory falls low. It includes resident alternatives, as Treasure at Tampines offers various searching malls. We do not have to maneuver within their own houses, since we can visit the stores and get any such thing they want.
Place to waterproof
Because Treasure at Tampines is nearby, you only have to walk or push to shopping centres. That influences and strengthens the complete buying experience.
Command Restaurant
While you can easily enter the Treasure at Tampines, searching malls offer you and your loved ones with a range of restaurants. Do not feel just like preparing? Should not feel just like preparing? Wouldn't you want to make? Just go on to the food areas and have a short lunch.
These are obviously only some examples on the best way to are now living in the comfort on Tampines.
Maintain the current improvements on the subjects of everyone!
Treasure at Tampines by Sim Lian surely discusses every aspect of living that homeowners may receive from a task that offers great comfort and option of critical amenities in its proper spot. Login early to maintain the most important Treasure at Tampines information. Treasure Treasure.
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For the past four years the bagger trend has grown. We have all pontificated on the trends that will stay and those that are not long for the ride. The most discussed and divisive topic is the size of the ginormous front wheel.
Here at Beantown Baggers we have publicly called 2014 the Year of the Rid-able Bagger. We highlight the excess as many craftsmen aspire to create bigger, glossier and more absurd than the next builder. We question the staying power of these bikes and have challenged the movement as a "fad".
Let's be honest, we love these bikes! Big wheel baggers look insane. They are works of art and scientific marvels in many cases defying physics! Do you really think that you're getting the same looks of admiration on your stock Honda, sporting scuffed paint and inaudible pipes as the dude on a ridiculously done up bagger? Sure, and my pimple faced, malnourished 17 year old self had a shot at the prom queen. You are smoking crack!
Many words describe America, but minimalism is not one of those characteristics. As flag waving, gun toting, God fearing Americans we have a historical love of beautiful machines. We strive for excess wherever impossible and wake up every single day excited to raise a big middle finger to countries who don't have our economy, our freedom or our values. To dislike the looks of these bikes is your prerogative but to abhor their existence is simply un-American!
Next time you see a two wheeled, V-Twin opus symbolizing a priceless investment of time and creativity … The next time you see a wheel taller than your 1988 Yugo and the next time you are inspired to utter the phrase: "nice trailer queen"… stop for a minute. Ask the owner about his vision for the bike. Ask him where he has ridden it. More importantly, ask him to go for a ride. Isn't that what this is all about?
We all ride. We have different tastes and in this one case, bigger is in fact beautiful-er!


The experts at DEKRA recommend installing carbon monoxide detectors in the home. CO detectors are particularly advisable in enclosed spaces where gas, oil or coal are burned, for example in homes with wood-burning stoves, gas boilers or open fireplaces. Shisha-pipe smokers are also advised to install them.
Highly toxic carbon monoxide (CO) is emitted, for instance, when materials that contain carbon, such as wood, charcoal or gas, are burned without a sufficient supply of oxygen. "You can't see it or smell it, which is why carbon monoxide is so dangerous to humans," explains Bernhard Schuhmacher, fire safety expert at DEKRA.
Poisoning leads to headache, dizziness, nausea and, in extreme cases, death. Its symptoms are constantly mistaken for those of flu. According to the German Federal Statistical Office, 648 people died from the toxic effects of carbon monoxide in 2015. "The major incidents in previous years show the importance of effective protection with CO detectors," stresses fire safety expert Schuhmacher.
CO can stem from defective heating systems, poorly maintained gas boilers, coal-burning stoves or open fireplaces. In gas boilers, inadequate ventilation can also lead to incomplete burning. "Sometimes, in renovation work, the windows are so well sealed that not enough air can get in," warns the DEKRA expert.
Smoking shisha pipes can also be a risk if the pipes are used for an extended period in a poorly ventilated room. Because highly toxic carbon monoxide is released while the shisha charcoal burns, good ventilation should always be ensured.
Careless grilling is also a constant source of poisoning, especially in winter. A charcoal grill must not be used in enclosed spaces, and a grill should not be put in the cellar to cool down. "The hot residual coals continue to burn and can continue to give off the toxic gas for several hours," warns Schuhmacher.
CO detectors monitor the carbon monoxide concentration in rooms and trigger an alarm if the threshold is exceeded. Prices range from EUR 20 to EUR 50, and the devices are installed roughly at head height. If a CO alarm goes off, open windows and doors immediately, leave the house and call the fire department.


I left home when I was 18 when I started university and stayed in a share house near my university. I knew it was going to be hard, very hard actually. I had the best parents for they supported me by paying my tuition fees and my bond and rent (for the first few months). I was also instructed to get a part time job to cover my living expenses should I go ahead and continue to live outside the family home.
Part of the reason as to why I wanted to live away from my family was so that I could explore more about my sexuality. I always knew I was gay but growing up in an era of pre-apps but had access to internet (dial ups), it was easy to get around the gay world but it was still hard to meet anyone as your parents always want to know your whereabouts.
Living on my own gave me my "wings". I have to add that I was never in. I always behaved and talked just the way I am. I first told my sister that I was gay when I was about 23 years old. The response that I got was that – "Oh you aren't gay, its just because you don't have a girlfriend", "You should do some yoga to balance your hormones". I scolded her stating that I was gay and not confused or looking for solutions and hang up the phone. She called me the next day and apologised for her behaviour. We had a lengthy chat about our lives and other random things (noting that being gay was just a normal thing between us).
A few months later, I came out to my mother in person. I treated her to a dinner and got her a bottle of wine before telling her that if I'm going to marry, I'll marry a guy. Her response was that "Oh boy or girl aren't they the same thing?" We clinked our wine glasses and carried on wining and dining. I remember that place – it was on smith street. My mum told my dad about me. Life is just as normal in our house.
One day my friend came to my graduation and my dad thought he was my boyfriend and started talking about my wedding with him. It was a bit embarrassing but cute at the same time. I haven't brought any guys home to meet my parents but I'm sure when I do, he will be welcomed with open arms (and food!!). My parents are big on food too and he will be leaving with a doggie bag too.


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UK organisations face hidden 'double jeopardy' under two EU data security laws
As the UK Information Commissioner (ICO) updates its digital services guidance, lawyers are warning that critical infrastructure organisations and digital services providers could be fined twice...
Dr Kuan Hon, director of Privacy, Security and Information at European law firm Fieldfisher, says that both the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the EU directive on the security of Networks and Information Systems (NIS Directive) could lead to separate fines for the same security breach.
The NIS Directive imposes security and incident reporting obligations on two classes of organisations:
Operators of essential services (OESs), basically critical infrastructure service providers, and
Digital service providers (DSPs), meaning cloud computing providers, online marketplaces and search engines (although small/micro enterprises are exempt).
The NIS Directive concerns the protection and improvement of security of network and information systems. It is not limited to personal data or cyber breaches.
The GDPR, however, is concerned with the protection of individuals' personal data. In the UK, OESs are regulated by sectoral regulators, while DSPs are regulated by the ICO.
Organisations within scope must comply with both regimes and risk being fined separately for the same incident if personal data are involved – thereby creating a "double jeopardy" situation for those organisations that fall foul of either or both pieces of legislation.
Kuan Hon, a Director in Fieldfisher's Privacy, Security and Information group, explains: "The NIS Directive and UK NIS Regulations say that NIS regulators should 'consult and cooperate' with data protection regulators, and the UK government had previously agreed that organisations should not be tried for the same offence twice. However, it has also said, 'there may be reason for them [organisations] to be penalised under different regimes for the same event because the penalties might relate to different aspects of the wrongdoing and different impacts'.
"Furthermore, in updated NIS Directive guidance issued on 17 October, the ICO confirmed that NIS enforcement powers 'are separate from those we have available under data protection law. In cases where a NIS incident impacts on personal data, we are able to take action under both NIS and data protection law if it is appropriate and proportionate to do so'.
"Compliance with both laws is therefore essential for organisations to manage the risks of fines or reputational damage for any future data, cyber or other security breach.
"Regulators can levy fines under the UK NIS Regulations in four tiers depending on seriousness, with ceilings ranging from £1 million to £17 million (equivalent to the €20 million figure under the GDPR). Under GDPR, however, the maximum fine could reach 4 per cent of turnover, which in some cases may be much greater than €20 million. Furthermore, NIS regulators could notify the public of NIS incidents if they consider it necessary."
EU organisations need to assess to what extent their services are caught by the NIS Directive and consider registering as required, e.g. for UK DSPs it's by 1 November 2018.
OESs could be considered by the relevant authorities to be providing essential services in more than one Member State, in which case they'd have to comply with all those Member States' NIS Directive laws.
Non-EU DSPs who offer digital services in the EU need to assess each service as to where its EU "main establishment" (EU head office) is located. If a company has no EU establishment, it needs to decide where to appoint an EU representative to benefit from an EU "one stop shop", as national NIS Directive laws vary.
Companies also need to check that their security measures comply with relevant Member State NIS laws, competent authority and other relevant security requirements. In the UK, for example, OESs should assess against the National Cybersecurity Centre's NIS security principles, Cyber Assessment Framework and sector-specific guidance. EU DSPs' security measures must comply with a detailed Commission Implementing Regulation.
Incident management response plans and processes must enable recording and assessment of metrics to measure incidents against NIS sectoral thresholds, and to enable regulatory notification if necessary, eg the UK deadline is 72 hours maximum (under the GDPR, it's 72 hours only "where feasible").
Evidence of compliance is also important and organisations need to check off and document their compliance against each of their NIS sectoral requirements to prepare for regulatory information requests or inspections.
More information from:
Kuan Hon, Director, Fieldfisher, kuan.hon@fieldfisher.com / 020 7861 4545 / 07391 419 940
Laura Syrett, Communications Manager, Fieldfisher, laura.syrett@fieldfisher.com/ 020 7861 4164
About Kuan: https://www.fieldfisher.com/people/h/dr-w-kuan-hon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Tryvann stadion was a speed skating rink located at Tryvannshøyden in Oslo, Norway.

Traditionally the main speed skating venues in Oslo was Frogner stadion and Bislett stadion. In 1933, the city council decided to build a skating rink at Tryvann to allow for a longer season. Unlike the city-center venues which were just above mean sea level, Tryvann stadion was located at  above mean sea level. This allowed the skating season to last from 1 November to 1 April. Transport was available via the Holmenkollen Line. During the 1952 Winter Olympics, the venue was designated as a reserve venue for Bislett, but never used. During the 1970s, the venue was demolished to make room for parking.

References

Sports venues in Oslo
Speed skating venues in Norway
Venues of the 1952 Winter Olympics
1933 establishments in Norway

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Emergency Room Doctors Speak Out On Gun Violence
12:32 PM Maximillian Wachtel, Ph.D. 127 comments
This morning, Colorado Public Radio aired a fascinating story about emergency doctors who treat victims of gunshot wounds. The piece goes into information about how often doctors treat individuals who are victims of gun-related violence, and it covers some of the gun control measures that doctors do and do not support.
It is definitely worth a listen: Doctors On Front Line Of Gun Violence In Colorado
A 9 News Story Where I Am Interviewed
This is another 9 News story by Jeremy Jojola talking about mental illness. In this "Inside Story," he describes the process he went through in researching his story from last week about mental illness, dangerousness, and access to healthcare.
Here is link to the video:
As always, this is a great story by Jeremy Jojola. One minor correction--I am listed as a forensic psychiatrist in the video, but I am actually a psychologist.
Thanks for reading/watching-- Max Wachtel, Ph.D.
The Colorado Law That Will Make It Difficult For Aurora Theater Shooting Victims To Win In Court
Picture of the theater shooter's car behind the movie theater. Will
his psychiatrist be protected from lawsuits by Colorado Law?
At this point, the criminal case against the Aurora Theater Shooter is solid. There appears to be ample evidence that the man accused of the shooting is the one who did it. Most legal experts seem to think he will plead Not Guilty By Reason of Insanity and take his case to trial. In Colorado, and nationally, very few defendants win those 'NGRI' cases.
That is the criminal case, though. There are a number of civil lawsuits also working their way through the courts now. In addition to lawsuits against the theater, family members of shooting victims are suing Dr. Lynne Fenton and the University of Colorado Hospital where she works, claiming she was negligent because she failed in her duty to warn and protect the public against her patient.
But does this claim have any legal merit in Colorado? Did Dr. Fenton actually have a duty to do anything, even if she thought her patient was at high risk of committing an act of violence?
The answer is, maybe. But, maybe not.
Any person in Colorado can be civilly committed to a mental hospital against his or her will if the person appears to have a mental illness and appears to be a danger to self or others (C.R.S. 27-65-105(1)(a)(I). Initially, this commitment can last up to 72 hours, at which point the treating hospital has the authority to ask a court to force the person to remain in treatment for a longer period of time.
The catch in this law, referred to as a "27-65 hold" or a "72-hour hold" is the existence of two importantly placed "mays." It reads, "Emergency procedure may be invoked," and a doctor "may take the person into custody." In legal terminology, the word "may" is often used to describe a situation where a particular action is allowable but not always necessary. By contrast, the word "shall" typically describes situations that are mandatory.
The 27-65 law allows for some wiggle room. There might be occasions where a person has a mental illness and is imminently dangerous, but taking the person into custody isn't necessary. The standard of practice is to do so, which is probably what plaintiff's attorneys will try to argue. But, Dr. Fenton's lawyers will most likely point to the wiggle room in the statute in defense of Dr. Fenton's decision to keep her client out of the hospital.
But, that 27-65 law isn't the statute that is going to be problematic for the victims who are suing Dr. Fenton. It might be a legal bump in the road, but it is another Colorado law that will make a lawsuit difficult to win.
Buried in Title 13 of the Colorado Revised Statutes (Title 13 deals with Courts and Court Procedure) is a law that specifically deals with civil liability for mental health workers in the state. C.R.S. 13-21-117 states that a mental health professional shall not (there is that mandatory "shall") be held liable "for failure to warn or protect any person against a mental health patient's violent behavior, and any such person shall not be held civilly liable for failure to predict such violent behavior."
The law is very clear: a psychiatrist cannot be held civilly liable for failure to protect the public against a patient's violent behavior. And, a psychiatrist cannot be held civilly liable for failure to predict a patient's future violence.
There is one exception to this protection for mental health workers. The same statute (C.R.S. 13-21-117) offers one specific scenario where a psychiatrist is not guaranteed protection from liability. A mental health worker can be held liable for damages when "the patient has communicated to the mental health care provider a serious threat of imminent physical violence against a specific person or persons."
Under a strict reading of Colorado law, if the theater shooter did not tell Dr. Fenton about his plan, she cannot be held liable for failing to warn or protect anyone because there was no communication regarding that plan. Even if she was terrified that he might act in a violent manner, she could not be held liable for failing to predict future violence if he didn't tell her about his plan, which needed to be imminent and contain the potential for physical violence against a specific person or group of people. Even if he told Dr. Fenton he was amassing an arsenal and wanted to go on a shooting rampage at an unspecified time and place, a literal reading of this Colorado law would protect her from lawsuits based on her failure to act.
This law, even though it seems clearly stated and open for little interpretation, does not guarantee Dr. Fenton's protection from liability. Attorneys are excellent at finding case law that contradicts or expands upon current statutory law, and judges are sometimes willing to hear arguments and interpret legal statutes in new ways. But, C.R.S. 13-21-117 will be a major sticking point for both the plaintiffs and the defense, and it is likely that, whatever the judge decides, the case will be appealed. It could be that one of these civil cases will make its way to the Supreme Court, which could then provide all states a federal standard for how mental health workers are to proceed when they have dangerous patients.
Excellent 9 News Story on The Difficulties in Accessing Mental Healthcare In Colorado
Last night, 9 News investigative reporter Jeremy Jojola reported on the story a 26 year-old man that could have ended very, very badly. This person has Schizophrenia and was extremely paranoid and angry. He was stockpiling guns and ammunition in his mother's basement, and he threatened to kill his mother and brother on several occasions. The fear was that he had the potential to kill his family and/or head to a public venue and start shooting.
His mother did everything she could to try to get her son the treatment he needed. Since he was an adult, she was limited in terms of what she could do, though. Repeatedly, he either refused treatment or would be turned away because of lack of funding.
Frustrated and scared (for herself and the public), his mother had no choice but to turn her son in to the local police, who found his guns and charged him with several felony weapons possession charges. Fortunately, this man did not kill himself or anyone else, but he is now embroiled in the criminal justice system. Rather than getting the treatment he desperately needed through a functioning mental health system, he will start receiving mental healthcare in jail.
I was interviewed for the story, and I am proud to have been involved with it in a small way. The journalist, Jeremy Jojola, is using his contacts from the story to gather information about the problems of accessing mental health services in Colorado, which he will present to the Colorado State Legislature.
Also, when you are watching the story, it is extremely important to remember that this is a very rare case. The research shows very clearly that individuals with mental illness are no more dangerous than anyone else. This is just one of those cases where the individual's mental illness increased his risk level for violence, and treatment likely could have been tremendously helpful in keeping him from becoming a danger to himself or others.
Here is the story:
If you are in Colorado and have experience with the mental health system, I encourage you to share your experience with Jeremy Jojola and 9 News here. They are compiling everyone's thoughts to share with the state legislature. Please remember, they are only looking for experiences in the State of Colorado.
My 9 News Interview About Chris Dorner
12:29 PM Maximillian Wachtel, Ph.D. 8 comments
Here is the video from this morning about the ex-police officer from Los Angeles who is suspected of murdering several people due to being fired from the police force in 2009. I come in around 1:55:
Emotional Distress From An Incorrectly Diagnosed STD: Molien v. Kaiser Foundation Hospital (1980)
What would you do if your spouse or partner came home from a doctor's appointment and told you he or she had syphilis?
If you are like most people, you would freak out.*
Your partner would get massive amounts of penicillin, and you would get a blood test to see if you had the sexually transmitted disease, too.
And then, the blame would begin. You would accuse your partner of cheating. Your partner would accuse you. Both of you would deny it. Neither of you would believe the other one. Anger, betrayal, disgust, rumors, fear of worse communicable diseases. Divorce or separation, maybe. It would be horrible, and it would likely ruin your relationship, at least for a substantial period of time.
Then, let's say, out of the blue, your partner gets a call from the doctor's office. They made a mistake--no one in your household had ever actually contracted syphilis.
Now what would you do?
If you were like the plaintiff in the landmark legal case Molien v. Kaiser Foundation Hospitals (1980), you would sue.
In this case, Mr. Molien's wife was mistakenly diagnosed and treated for syphilis. She accused Mr. Molien of having an extramarital affair, even though he tested negative for the disease. At the time of the lawsuit, the two had initiated divorce proceedings.
Mr. Molien sued the hospital for "negligently inflicted emotional distress" and "loss of consortium."
A quick aside into legal terminology: Negligently inflicted emotional distress is pretty much what it sounds like. The key here is that, prior to this case, courts had always found that emotional distress needed to be coupled with physical injury for there to be a "cause of action" (basically, something for which you could sue and potentially recover damages).
Can you sue the internet for
loss of consortium?
Loss of consortium refers to when a person misses out on whatever benefits of a family relationship are available to him/her because of the negligence of someone else. For example, a husband who can no longer spend quality time with his wife, depend on her for her share of running the household, have sex, etc. may sue for loss of consortium. Note: if the wife in this situation were to die because of the negligence of someone else, that is not loss of consortium. That is wrongful death.
Now back to the case: The trial court ruled that Mr. Molien did not have a cause of action (a valid reason to sue) on either of his allegations--there was no negligently inflicted emotional distress because he was not the patient and was not physically harmed, and there was no loss of consortium for similar reasons.
Mr. Molien appealed the case to the California Supreme Court, who agreed to hear it. In 1980, the Court issued its ruling in four main parts:
1. The alleged wrongdoing by the hospital was directed at both the wife and the husband in this case, even though the husband was not the patient.
2. The "risk of harm to the husband was reasonably foreseeable and, thus, [the hospital] owed the husband a duty to exercise due care in diagnosing the physical condition of his wife."
3. It did not matter that Mr. Molien did not suffer a physical injury. He still had a cause of action for "emotional distress."
4. There was also a cause of action for "loss of consortium."
This case is groundbreaking for two main reasons. First, it reinforced the notion that the spouse or partner of a patient could be considered a "direct victim" of medical negligence, even if that spouse/partner had not been the actual patient. Second, it set the precedent that a direct victim does not need to sustain a physical injury in order to be a victim of negligent infliction of emotional distress.
*This is anecdotal data, not supported by research. But, seriously, wouldn't you freak out?
Murder-Suicide in Denver: When The Mother Is The Killer
On Wednesday morning, February 6, Mayra Nunez shot her three young children and then shot herself. Two of the children were found dead, as was the mother. A two year-old girl survived a gunshot to the head and was rushed to the hospital for surgery, where she remains in critical condition. The mother killed her children and herself with the handgun the family kept in the house for protection.
Here is a news clip about the shooting. Word of warning: this is a disturbing story with some graphic details.
Needless to say, murder-suicide is horrible. The devastation it leaves behind for family, friends, and community is unfathomable. This particular murder-suicide is no different in that regard. But, it is atypical in one key way: the act was committed by a woman.
As I have written in other blog posts (click on the label 'Murder-Suicide' at the end of this post to read more), the perpetrators are almost always male. Murder-suicides typically stem from domestic violence when they are initiated by men. When murder-suicides are initiated by women, there are two common scenarios that tend to emerge:
Either, women will kill an abusive opposite-sex partner and then kill themselves. Or, what is much more common, women will kill their children and then kill themselves.
There can be numerous reasons why anyone will decide to murder someone else or to commit suicide. With women and murder-suicide involving their children, there are two main reasons that stand out among others:
1. Depression (sometimes post-partum depression) -- Women who are severely depressed will want to die, and they will irrationally assume no one will be able to care for their kids when they are gone. Or, they will think they will be doing their children a favor by removing them from such a painful, evil world. Hence, they kill their children and then themselves.
2. Psychosis (again, sometimes post-partum) -- Women who are psychotic and paranoid will think some outside force is telling them to kill their children. Maybe, their kids are evil or some evil will be acted out on the children if they are allowed to live. Psychotic women can also think God is telling them to kill their children so they will go to a better place. Whether to rid the world of evil or to hasten a trip to heaven, these women will kill their children and then themselves.
Yesterday was a terribly sad day for the Denver community, one in a string of sad days that none of us deserves. It can be difficult to come to terms with news of a mother killing her children, and we will never know this mother's true motivations. But I hope my explanation can help shed some light on what would otherwise be a completely incomprehensible event.
Gun Safety: Young Children Will Play With Guns No Matter What
On Friday, February 1st, Tmorej Smith died. He was three years old, and he lived in South Carolina. While his grandparents watched television in another room, he and his seven year-old sister were playing with their mother's handgun. Tmorej was shot in the head and quickly died. Police reports are not clear at the current time as to whether he shot himself or whether his sister shot him. But, his sister told family and police they thought the gun was a toy.
Here is what the gun looked like:
Does this gun look real to you? It looks like a toy to the average seven year-old
Tmorej's story is tragic, but not uncommon. According to the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, over 100 children die of accidental gunshot wounds every year, and another 3000 or so receive nonfatal gunshot wounds.
The psychological research is fairly clear as to why this is: If they have access to them, kids will play with guns.
Let me state that again: If there is a gun in your house that your kids can access, they will play with it.
One more time, in a slightly different way: If you have an unsecured gun in your home, your kids have most likely found it and have already played with it.
Kids, especially young ones, have difficulty distinguishing real guns from toy guns, and for some reason, children are drawn to playing with guns like magnets. When you add a pretty, small, unusually colored gun to the mix, it becomes irresistible. If they can get their hands on it, kids will play with it. Some of them will shoot themselves or their siblings accidentally as a result.
An interesting catch in this research is that gun safety classes appear to mitigate some of the risks associated with children and access to guns. Especially as they age, children learn from gun safety classes and understand that guns are not to be touched or played with when adults are not present. The best gun safety classes are the ones that teach children to handle actual firearms during the class.
But, there is another catch: These gun safety classes do not work on younger children. Up to the age of seven or eight, kids will still play with guns if they are available, even if they have been exposed to extensive gun safety classes.
These findings indicate the best way to keep your children safe if you have guns in the home is to keep them locked in a safe and unloaded. Ammunition should also be locked, ideally in a separated space from the firearms.
I have heard parents say locking up firearms and keeping them unloaded defeats the purpose of home safety. If a bad guy breaks into your house, you need that loaded gun immediately. It takes too long to unlock it, unlock the ammunition, load the gun, and then confront the intruder.
All of that is true. But it is important to keep in mind that one of your young children is much more likely to kill you or one of your loved ones with an easily accesible, loaded gun than an intruder is. If your goal is to maximize your family's chances of living, your best bet is to lock up that gun.
I feel terribly for Tmorej and his entire family. No three year-old deserves to die, and no seven year-old deserves to live the rest of her life with that horrible memory. No family deserves to endure the grief I am sure they are feeling. My heart goes out to them, and to the families of the other children who have died in accidental shootings already this year. I only hope parents who are responsible gun owners will take the simple steps needed to prevent such an awful tragedy from befalling their family.
The Colorado Law That Will Make It Difficult For A...
Excellent 9 News Story on The Difficulties in Acce...
Emotional Distress From An Incorrectly Diagnosed S...
Murder-Suicide in Denver: When The Mother Is The K...
Gun Safety: Young Children Will Play With Guns No ...


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Orte & Länder
Angela Y. Davis, Frederick Douglass
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself (eBook, ePUB)
A New Critical Edition by Angela Y. Davis
A new edition of the African American masterpiece featuring critical essays by Angela Y. Davis.
A masterpiece of African American literature, Frederick Douglass's Narrative is the powerful story of an enslaved youth coming into social and moral consciousness by disobeying his white slavemasters and secretly teaching himself to read.
Achieving literacy emboldens Douglass to resist, escape and ultimately achieve his freedom. After escaping slavery, Douglass became a leader in the anti-slavery and women's rights movements, a bestselling author and U.S. diplomat.
In this new critical…mehr
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave & Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (eBook, ePUB)
African American Heritage Super Pack #2 (eBook, ePUB)
Selected Addresses of Frederick Douglass (eBook, ePUB)
Addresses of Frederick Douglass (eBook, ePUB)
In this new critical edition, legendary activist and feminist scholar Angela Davis sheds new light on the legacy of Frederick Douglass.
In two philosophical lectures originally delivered at UCLA in autumn 1969, Davis focuses on Douglass's intellectual and spiritual awakening, and the importance of self-knowledge in achieving freedom from all forms of oppression. With detailed attention to Douglass's text, she interrogates the legacy of slavery and shares timeless lessons about oppression, resistance and freedom.
And in an extended introductory essay written for this edition, Davis comments on previous editions of the Narrative and re-examines Douglass through a contemporary feminist perspective.
An important new edition of an American classic.
"Angela Y. Davis presents a long overdue examination of Douglass' work not just from the perspective of a woman but one of the most provocative and profound minds of the last half century. It is my sincere hope that this City Lights edition of The Narrative will inspire researchers and individuals to take a closer look at the tremendous degree of influence Anna Murray Douglass had in the life and the career of her husband and my great-great-great grandfather."-Kenneth B. Morris, Jr., Great-great-great grandson of Frederick Douglass and Great-great grandson of Booker T. Washington
"Davis' arguments for justice are formidable . . . The power of her historical insights and the sweetness of her dream cannot be denied."-New York Times Book Review
"Long before 'race/gender' became the obligatory injunction it is now, Angela Davis was developing an analytical framework that brought all of these factors into play. For readers who only see Angela Davis as a public icon . . . meet the real Angela Davis: perhaps the leading public intellectual of our era."-Robin D. G. Kelley author of Thelonious Monk: The Life and Times of an American Original
"One of America's last truly fearless public intellectuals."-Cynthia McKinney, Former U.S. Democratic Congresswoman
"Angela Davis's revolutionary spirit is still strong. Still with us, thank goodness!"-Virginian-Pilot
"There was a time in America when to call a person an 'abolitionist' was the ultimate epithet. It evoked scorn in the North and outrage in the South. Yet they were the harbingers of things to come. They were on the right side of history. Prof. Angela Y. Davis stands in that proud, radical tradition."-Mumia Abu-Jamal
"Behold the heart and mind of Angela Davis, open, relentless, and on time!"-June Jordan
"The enormous revolution in Black consciousness which has occurred in your generation, my dear sister, means the beginning or the end of America. Some of us, white and Black, know how great a price has already been paid to bring into existence a new consciousness, a new people in an unprecedented nation. If we know, and do nothing, we are worse than the murderers hired in our name. If we know, then we must fight for your life as though it were our own-which it is-and render impassable with our bodies the corridor to the gas chamber. For, if they take you in the morning, they will be coming for us that night."-James Baldwin
Dieser Download kann aus rechtlichen Gründen nur mit Rechnungsadresse in A, D ausgeliefert werden.
Verlag: City Lights Publishers
American abolitionist, women's suffragist, author, statesman and reformer, Douglass is one of the most prominent figures in African-American history and U.S. history. His Narrative is a cornerstone of African-American literature. Internationally renowned public speaker, author, activist, scholar and symbol of 1970s black power, Davis was the third woman to appear on the FBI's "Most Wanted" list and has authored eight books.


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England selected
Beds, Herts & Bucks selected
Beds, Herts & Bucks
CCTV shows Red Bull trophy break in at Milton Keynes factory
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-30913638
Media captionSixty trophies were stolen from Red Bull Racing's factory
CCTV footage has been released showing the moment thieves used a 4x4 to smash through the doors of Formula 1 team Red Bull Racing and steal 60 trophies.
The six men took the prizes from the Milton Keynes factory on 6 December.
About 20 of the trophies were recovered from a lake near Sandhurst a few days later, after being spotted by a member of the public.
Thames Valley Police are to make a renewed appeal for information on BBC Crimewatch later.
The stolen trophies did not include the F1 championship and constructors' awards, which were not at the factory.
Image copyright crimewatch
Image caption The car was used to smash through the doors of the building
Image caption Christian Horner said Red Bull had been "devastated" by the break-in
Christian Horner, Red Bull's team principal, said it was a "pointless crime" and the monetary value of the trophies was "minimal".
"But the emotional value is huge," he said.
"It would be great to see those trophies back in their rightful home here in Milton Keynes."
Crimewatch can be seen on BBC One at 21:00 GMT on 21 January, and then on the iPlayer.
Red Bull robbery: 20 stolen trophies found in a lake
Red Bull Formula 1 trophies stolen in Milton Keynes factory raid
Around the BBC
Thames Valley Police
England Sections


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Trump accused...
Trump accused of meddling
REUTERS,
British opposition leader Jeremy Corbyn. (FP)
LONDON - UK Labour opposition leader Jeremy Corbyn said on Saturday United States President Donald Trump's comments endorsing Conservative front-runner Boris Johnson as the next prime minister were an "unacceptable interference" in Britain's affairs.
In an interview with the Sun newspaper ahead of his three-day state visit to Britain next week, Trump said of the former foreign secretary: "I think Boris would do a very good job. I think he would be excellent."
Other Conservative lawmakers in the leadership race had sought his backing, he said, although not environment minister Michael Gove, who has criticised his stance on Iran.
Veteran Socialist Corbyn, who has declined an invitation to attend a state banquet with Trump during the visit, said: "President Trump's attempt to decide who will be Britain's next prime minister is an entirely unacceptable interference in our country's democracy."
He added in a statement on Saturday: "The next prime minister should be chosen not by the U.S. president, nor by 100 000 unrepresentative Conservative party members, but by the British people in a general election."
After failing three times this year to get parliament to back her plan for leaving the European Union, Prime Minister Theresa May said last week she would step down as leader of the governing Conservative Party on June 7 to open the way for a contest to succeed her.
So far, 12 Members of Parliament have said they will stand in the leadership election. They will be whittled down by their fellow lawmakers to a final two before the grassroots party members make the final choice.
Trump praised Johnson on his last visit to Britain in July 2018, saying that he thought he had the skills needed to be prime minister, shortly after Johnson resigned in protest at May's handling of Brexit.
Johnson, who has said he would be prepared to take Britain out of the EU without a deal on October 31, has not commented on Trump's latest endorsement.
Corbyn himself has been widely accused of failing to clarify Labour's position on Brexit by not saying outright whether or not it is decisively in favour of a second referendum on Brexit.
Trump also praised current foreign secretary Jeremy Hunt, also a Conservative leadership candidate, for his pledge to increase British defence spending.
He arrives in Britain on Monday for a state visit at the invitation of Queen Elizabeth before attending World War Two commemorations in France and visiting Ireland.
It is only the third state visit of a U.S. president to Britain. (Reuters)


Truth and MSNBC often times go together much like oil and water. On Sunday, Joy Reid shouted down Amy Kremer, the former chair of Tea Party Express, for saying that some 33,000 of Hillary Clinton's emails are missing.
Reid, Newsbusters said, refused to let Kremer speak after that.
The segment started off with a discussion about how Donald Trump asked Russia to find Clinton's missing e-mails. Reid claimed that Trump wanted them to hack her current e-mail account, but Kremer noted the request was to "find the e-mails." A reference to the roughly 30,000 e-mails not turned over to the FBI. "That's how they found them. They found them by hacking," Reid shot back snarkily.
Kremer reminded Reid that it is not known who hacked Hillary's private server. It is not definitively known if it was hacked at all, but FBI Director James Comey said in his press conference that, "Given that combination of factors, we assess it is possible that hostile actors gained access to Secretary Clinton's personal e-mail account." But Comey never indicated who those said "actors" could be.
But that didn't stop Reid from misleading her viewers. "Hold on Amy. The U.S. Intelligence services have said — to a high degree of certainty — that they do believe it is the Russians," she argued. Giving Reid the benefit of the doubt, she could be get the hacking of Hillary's server confused with the hacking of the Democratic National Committee, who officials say was hacked by the Russians. Or Reid might be purposely conflating to two.
REID: Nope, hold on. You can't just invent things! You can't just invent things.
KREMER: I'm not inventing anything!
REID: You just invented it an entire thing! The FBI has already come out with a report on Hillary Clinton e-mails and what you just said is invented thing!
REID: There's no 33,000 e-mails that are going to harm our national security. You know that there was an entire year and half investigation!
So according to MSNBC, there aren't any missing emails and even if they were missing, they don't pose a threat to national security.
If that's the case, then why is the media all worked up over them, then? And why are they making a fuss about Donald Trump's joke that he hopes the Russians find them?
Next articleIslam, A Plague, Has No Place In Civilized Society, Despite Western Enablers. The Proofs.


Innovation: The beauty of simplicity, is that it is inherently innovative. But despite the Scandinavian strong hold on simplicity they still look forward to the next evolution of design. What's on the horizon?
Innovation in recycled products. I saw an innovative recycled product called "Really", a Solid Textile Board (STB) by Kvadrat. "Really" upcycles end-of-life textiles to create a material that can be used as a worksurface. By utilizing denim, linen or wool and compressing and heating it, a new material is born, one that is uniquely beautiful.
Innovation in clean air. What if the bench you were sitting in chatting with a friend could clean the air around you providing you with fresher, healthier air? There is a bench by Gotessons & Akustikmiljo which does just that by pulling air through the bottom of the piece, filtering it, and then gently releasing clean air through vents at the top.
The show's presenter Holmris is a third-generation Danish furniture company that creates functional and beautiful designs for workplaces, educational and healthcare spaces. They also have partnerships with over 100 other Scandinavian companies for which they serve as brokers.
This annual event brings together over 100 Scandinavian furniture and lighting lines in a fantastic display of craftsmanship. The venue for the event is the Lokomotivvaerkstedet in Copenhagen, a brick warehouse with skylights, large windows and a beautiful structure, where trains used to be maintained. It is now the perfect event space for an interior show of this scale.
This event is a must-see for designers. Keep an eye out for registration to Trends & Traditions 2018; I encourage you to book your flight and head to Copenhagen!


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BLOGWATCH: College Student Gives Graduation Speech Uncensored Thanks to ADF Letter
By Sarah Kramer Posted on: | May 29, 2018
"These things I have spoken to you, that in Me you may have peace. In the world you have tribulation, but take courage, I have overcome the world."
That's the Bible verse, John 16:33, that Colorado Mesa University (CMU) student Karissa Erickson planned to include in her graduation speech.
Karissa had been selected as one of two students to give a speech at her nursing program's pinning ceremony in May. As a Christian, she wanted to acknowledge her faith and the role it plays in her life. After telling a few funny stories about her experience in the nursing program, she planned to talk briefly about overcoming adversity, closing with the verse above.
The only guidelines she had been given for the speech was that she and the other student who was selected to speak had to keep their combined remarks to 10 minutes, so she didn't think her brief expression of faith would be a problem.
She was wrong.
In reviewing her speech, one official told her that, "Speeches should be free of any one religious slant." Another official threatened her with "repercussions" if she refused to change her speech, saying the nursing "program will not tolerate [this Christian content]." That same official explained that a few years earlier some students on campus had been offended when a religious group had handed out Bibles on campus. Because of the negative attention from that incident, the university no longer allows religious remarks or Bible verses because it is "tired of dealing with this and has no more energy to spend towards it."
But university officials have a duty to uphold their students' constitutional rights – even if they lack the "energy" to do so.
Suspecting that officials may have violated her constitutional rights, Karissa reached out to Alliance Defending Freedom (ADF), and we quickly sent a letter to university officials on her behalf. We explained that the First Amendment does not require them to silence all religious references and that it is unconstitutional for CMU to censor Karissa's speech because it contains religious remarks or simply because someone might be offended.
Thankfully, the university responded quickly and positively to the ADF letter, and Karissa was able to give her speech – Bible verse and all – at the pinning ceremony on May 11.
"We applaud the university for quickly recognizing that the First Amendment protects a graduating student's right to mention her faith in her own speech and has never required universities to purge ceremonies of all things religious," said ADF Senior Counsel and Director of the Center for Academic Freedom Tyson Langhofer.
We also applaud Karissa for taking a stand for her faith – facing an unexpected tribulation at the hands of her university. She may have graduated, but her actions will ensure that the students to come will also have the freedom to talk about their faith without fear of censorship.
Sarah Kramer
Digital Content Specialist
Sarah worked as an investigative reporter before joining the Alliance Defending Freedom team.


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Collinsville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lauderdale County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,984 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Collinsville is located in northwestern Lauderdale County at  (32.487906, -88.844205). Mississippi Highway 19 passes through the community, leading southeast  to Meridian, the county seat, and northwest  to Philadelphia.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which , or 0.18%, are water. The town and Highway 19 lie on a low ridge separating Suqualena Creek to the west and Twitley Branch to the east, both of which are tributaries of Okatibbee Creek and part of the Chickasawhay/Pascagoula River watershed. Okatibbee Dam, forming  Okatibbee Lake, is at the eastern edge of the Collinsville CDP.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,984 people, 724 households, and 503 families residing in the CDP.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,823 people, 701 households, and 541 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 115.7 people per square mile (44.7/km2). There were 739 housing units at an average density of 46.9/sq mi (18.1/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 86.56% White, 12.51% African American, 0.38% Asian, and 0.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.32% of the population.

There were 701 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.9% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.8% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $33,476, and the median income for a family was $41,714. Males had a median income of $31,779 versus $21,957 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,184. About 5.4% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 20.5% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people
 Lane Burroughs, college baseball coach
 Ross A. Collins, congressman from Mississippi
 Austin Davis, former NFL quarterback
 Winifred Hamrick Farrar, Mississippi's poet laureate from 1978 to 2010
 Jennifer Gambatese, actress and singer
 Jimmy Ruffin, soul and R&B singer

References

Census-designated places in Lauderdale County, Mississippi


Every wedding have special theme. And this is what the new couple want. Because they want their wedding is unique. Make a beach theme wedding cake topper for wedding decoration. This is our cake topper used for.


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Eye Health Index Reveals Top 10 Most and Least Eye-Healthy Cities in United States
Reno tops the list and Cleveland ranks last
Aug 26, 2016 7:05 AM ET
RANCHO CORDOVA, Calif., August 26, 2016 /3BL Media/ — Today, VSP® Vision Care, the largest not-for-profit vision benefits provider in the United States with 77 million members, released its Eye Health Index, featuring the top 10 eye-healthy cities in the United States. Reno, Nevada, tops the 2016 Index as the nation's most eye-healthy city. New this year, VSP also unveiled the 10 U.S. cities where the importance of an annual eye exam is not always top of mind. According to the research, Cleveland, Ohio, ranked as the nation's least eye-healthy city.
The Eye Health Index, now in its fourth year, reviews tens of millions of VSP claims from more than 100 U.S. metropolitan areas to identify which cities are the most focused on maintaining their eye health by getting annual eye exams. The 2016 index rankings were determined by looking at the percentage of VSP members who received an eye exam in 2015 in cities with at least 100,000 VSP members. VSP provides vision benefits to 1 in 5 Americans.
"An annual eye exam should be a part of everyone's overall healthcare routine, not only to keep their vision healthy, but also to leverage its proven preventative health benefits," said VSP Vision Care President Kate Renwick-Espinosa. "Your eye doctor is often the first to spot signs of chronic conditions, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. It's critical that you visit your eye doctor annually to ensure the health of your eyes as well as your wellness overall."
The full list of the top 10 most and least eye-healthy cities can be found here.
More from VSP Global
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Home Fun Logan Paul returns to YouTube with first vlog since 'suicide video' and...
Logan Paul returns to YouTube with first vlog since 'suicide video' and proves he hasn't learned his lesson
(Picture: YouTube)
Logan Paul's return to YouTube isn't quite what we'd hoped for.
On the face of it, his return held so much promise as yes, he does deserve a second chance. But this probably wasn't the way to do it.
Much like his initial apology video, which was slammed for being self indulgent, his return to YouTube video has followed along the same lines.
His latest vlog, his first proper vlog in three weeks since going on a 'social media blackout', became a bragging video in which he joked about being disgraced, talked of how he'd gained subscribers in the time he's been offline, and how he has received hundreds of thousands of likes on social media posts since returning.
It all smacked of him slightly missing the point.
'YouTube cut my ads in half so I need you to buy my merch,' he joked at one point.
He also reminded viewers that he's pledged to donate £1 million to suicide prevention charities, and joked about being hit with a lawsuit for $4m.
He even bragged about being able to call Dr Phil a fan following the controversy of his 'suicide video' post.
Logan made light of a petition that calls for him to be banned from YouTube, and which he then signed in the video, and joked about support he's been receiving from celebrities.
'I'm immersing myself in this world [of suicide prevention],' he says at one point. 'So I'm not going to pretend it didn't happen.' Then he swiftly moved on to talking about his dad being followed by Cardi B on Instagram.
However, he did say one thing that suggests a positive step forward for the YouTuber.
'No matter how much hate or comments from random strangers, it's noise to me,' he said. 'I will never forget who I am and no one can let me think other wise. As long as I'm improving as a person, then we're good.'
He later joked about going to North Korea following his Japan video, and confronting Kim Jong-un.
Logan closed the video by saying he has no plans to go anywhere and certainly won't be leaving YouTube.
Any ounce of his more humble approach from his suicide prevention video seems to have evaporated and it seems the 22-year-old's lesson hasn't truly been learned.
MORE: Logan Paul is making his return to YouTube today via dramatic video after suicide forest controversy
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In both instances, credit the respective networks and producers for at least trying to do something ..


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Cantina Creative & Bandito Brothers Accelerate a True VFX/Editorial Workflow
Due to tight, creative collaboration with Bandito Brothers' editorial team,
Cantina Creative was able to complete 1,000 VFX shots for 'Need for Speed'
in only six months with a team of ten.
Due to the close working relationship with the editorial team atBandito Brothers,Cantina Creativecompleted roughly 1,000 visual effects shots for the film 'Need for Speed' in six months, with a team of only ten artists. These shots represent over 90 per cent of the total VFX work.
Because Cantina Creative and Bandito Brothers are business partners, they were able to build and scale their pipeline for the project together, and complete production, editorial and VFX work under one roof. "The film's director Scott Waugh at Bandito Brothers and Cantina Creative's co-founder and executive producer Sean Cushing were working together on the production well before principal photography began," said VFX supervisor Tony Lupoi.
"I became involved at that time, to design and help lay out a VFX workflow with editorial, and customise a post process at our studio. By integrating our VFX operations with Bandito's editorial department we had the advantage of a flexible workflow that suited very specific needs. Because Scott knows and trusts the VFX process, he can run a tight set and does a fantastic job of making all the different pieces come together. We can work together while we shoot to save time on the back end in VFX."
Cantina's scope of work on the movie encompassed speed effects, shot-specific colour treatments, graphics, CG cars, greenscreen comps, set extensions, digital paint clean up and fully CG holograms. Tony would study each sequence individually and find an appropriate mix of these tasks they needed to assign and knock out.
Set Connection
Atomic Fiction, who handled two major action sequences, oversaw on-set VFX data collection over the duration of the shoot, and Cantina also dipped into the set photographers' images when they needed very specific elements or reference. "Typically we will use onset photography to light a scene especially when we are doing major CG work but on this film, as we were doing CG augmentation, matching the existing light was very important," Tony said.
"Fortunately, those shots fell under a very diffused overcast sky, and we could quickly replicate the lighting based on pre-excising scenes we had set up. We still had to dial in custom levels of the lighting through V-Ray, do some rotomation and then use the onset photography for reflection maps.
"If the people on set had concerns or comments they would prep us on issues they thought might come down the pipe, but working in VFX means you have to be flexible and creative with the assets you have because it is challenging to foresee or ensure you get everything you need. For example, if lens data wasn't available we would resort to building custom 3D lenses that would give us the most accurate results."
At one point, the VFX team was working on a night time sequence in New York. Rather than rebuilding the environment - rotoing, animating and lighting - it seemed the best plan was simply to shoot plates. Scott flew out to Manhattan over the weekend. He went though the list and shot very specific plates for them, bracketing focal distances with specific focal lengths that had been pre-determined from principal photography.
Replicating Photography
Tony had a chance to collect assets himself during their shoot in San Francisco. "The set was littered with cranes, heavy duty cable wenches, production gear, 1,000 pound steel road plates, air cannons, safety gear and lighting rigs. After we wrapped, I began shooting specific VFX plates, replicating perspectives, under similar lighting, to mimic principal photography. I could get clean night-time plates of the set after the crew cleared out at around 5.30am.
"It always helps to record the correct perspectives and lighting, focal lengths and grain and gather relevant reference material. For example, the Bay Bridge had an ongoing light-art installation that we had to paint out, and one of the takes required stabilization over the course of a 30-second steadicam shot. We had additional green screen material to work with, pre-grade colour, repositioning and time re-mapping. So it was good to be there, see the action and then capture the plates necessary to localise the VFX work and align it to the action and story. It helped us move through shots quicker."
Cantina were able to look over the dailies to assess the full scope of work, and meanwhile editorial began stringing out assembly cuts and Tony worked with selects and hero shots to get a head start on the visual effects. "Nevertheless, the edit was liquid, which meant many of our early VFX shots became a judgment call and, at times, a gamble. We tried to work smart with what we had. For this film it worked better for us to avoid a typical post-vis workflow - everything we did was with the scans, right from the start.
Faster Access
"This was the beauty of working with the director of post production Lance Holte at Bandito who could access these negatives directly. Their team could pull negatives and have selects for us in less than an hour instead of the one or two-week turnaround you have from an off-site storage and transcode facility. It really changed the process for us as we never waited around for plates or scans. We also had direct access to the digital negs, so I had the luxury of searching and acquiring specific plates to build out shots that needed several different elements, textures or reference."
They progressed right into the final VFX workflow, and editorial could begin using those shots to tell the story. If the shots made it all the way to the final cut, they were then ready for the colour grade as well. In this specific case Tony felt that relying on Lance and the Bandito turn-over crew, and working with the scans rather than the conventional Avid temps, during those initial stages made a better workflow.
Exploring with Editorial
Tony feels that much of his team's success and approach also depended on the editor Paul Rubell, who invited Cantina's collaboration on many sequences while the cut was still in progress. "Direct access to Paul meant he could explain what he was interested in, and I could then break down the shots knowing exactly what he wanted to explore. It was refreshing not to go back and forth with emails, and avoided misunderstanding. I could walk 20 feet over to his edit bay and we could chat about switching out different takes, staying in a wide view, critical story points he wanted to hit, timing, overall look and feel, or just bounce ideas off of each other," he said.
For example, through the edit, Scott wanted to convey the passage of time during an important, two-year transition period in the story at the Marshall Motors Garage set. Paul combed through dailies looking for images he could use to communicate this passage of time. After seeing what they were trying to achieve, Tony wanted to try to build out a scene digitally in which they could create the entire shot, revealing this passage of time, using projections on primitive geometry through Cinema 4D. This method would give them enough control over the lighting, the textures and the camera move to make the transition feel as though it occurs over the course of two years.
Reconstructing Time
"We began by fully re-constructing the photographed environment, using it to customize a stylized moment in time that showed our hero environment decay into a broken state of foreclosure. I sat with an assistant editor and found plates we would need for the camera projection. Editorial would pass along an edl of the selects we had chosen, used to pull and post the 4K negatives on the shared server. I also had access to the neg pulls to find the exact perspective I wanted to use.
"From those plates, the team captured the lens data, the textures and the concept of what we were after. Two of our artists, Stephen Morton and Josh Sprinkling, worked in tandem to camera project textures, shot raw on the Canon C500, with additional custom matte paintings onto geometry within Cinema 4D."
Cinema 4D's tools gave enough flexibility to stay true to what Scott envisioned, in an efficient amount of time. But even though the software could span their imaginations, it was important to ground all the 3D aspects within real-world limitations and match the principal photography. Their customized camera move passed through six unique set-ups, giving Scott the ability to pick and cue lighting and then modify the exact transitions later in compositing.
Race Time
"As we were dealing with a race car movie, we spent a lot of time creating speed effects, always using realistic speeds because as soon as the cars were moving too fast, it started to look like an old Keystone Cops movie. Any speed effects had to be subtle and designed alongside camera shake - the camera shake needs to be applied after the speed effect, in that order.
"Once you get the shake going, speed effects often need re-adjusting, and once you get that mixture right you need to re-introduce the motion blur. We worked carefully with Scott on this and landed on using a 90 degree shutter on our camera shake, and rippled this though hundreds of shots, each sequence having different degrees. It was a fine balance and was important to get right from the beginning."
They found many opportunities to make their effects work with the edit. They were able to present multiple options for achieving specific effect, with a time frame, and then manage the process together while the edit was still open. Another example involved graphic elements. While cutting to a blank monitor, editorial had to allocate a beat of time or a moment to tell the story. As the edit got closer to locking, the animation of those graphics needed to be plugged into the edit.
"It is a lot to ask the editor to cut a sequence with a series of green monitors – but by a certain point we can see that the story points and graphics rush by so fast that we need to open the edit back up and even hold on full frame graphics. Being involved from the early stages helps develop the pacing and story points of the animation, even if it's rough, when I can sit with the editor and map out how the graphics will animate and story points we can hit."
CG Pipeline
Tony described the team's pipeline, in whichCinema 4Dwas the primary 3D package, rendering out multiple passes for the composite through their render engine, V-Ray. "We worked in After Effects for most of the composting with PF track for the match moving," he said. "But having said all that, one of our artists in particular used 3ds Max and Lightwave with FumeFX and Nuke.
"In any case, nowadays it is all about the workflow and preferences that determine what software is used for what job. Because the hardware is now so fast, with everything working in 32-bit floating point with a linear colour space, we are always open to the best tool for the job. Ultimately, the VXF artist is what is most important to me. They bring the most impact, while the tools just get better and better. It is very exciting and good to keep an open mind to the different tools.
Holographic Horsepower
Cinema 4D played a major role in creating the film's holographic scene in which the main character showcases and reveals his modified, super-charged Ford Mustang. A small group of four artists plus an animator tackled this sequence involving numerous types of effects including cloth simulations, volumetric lighting, camera projecting, texturing, dynamic particles, on top of the modelling and animation, achieved entirely in Cinema 4D.
The scene begins with digitally projected holographic Mustang horses. Several event-drivenThinking Particlesystems were designed and animated to gallop through the space before they break apart into digital particles. Each particle eventually emerges from the confusion and moves gracefully into a precise position in space from the hero vehicle.
Sean Cushing oversaw the sequence and helped design each shot, including a pre-vis phase. All passes were to be rendered in stereo for the film's stereoscopic release, which meant dealing with the directionally breaking up, animating geometry. However, having control over these VFX shots, while working with a self-contained assemble edit, allowed them to mould the shots together to result in a dynamic sequence. Each artist was not only involved in the 3D build but the compositing as well.
Stunt Driver Performances
During filming, the director had a cast of talented stunt drivers on set, flipping, spinning, crashing and flying the cars through the air. During some of the more violent, turbulent impacts, the cars would lose side panels, entire back ends or elements might burst off in the middle of a take.
"This required us to patch some of the vehicles back together in post in Cinema 4D, but the stunts were all captured in-camera and were incredibly big. The CG work was simply used to help augment certain shots," Tony said. "Our artist Stephen Morton rotomated many of the flipping and spinning cars, referencing the pre-existing motion, practical structure and lighting to enhance the practical in-camera stunts. We rendered through V-Ray and broke out passes as needed.
"In this case, rotomation was used not to control the action but to hide the fact that the car had completely imploded under the stress and impact. Since we couldn't have the cars completely unravel, we enhanced what was there, but never enhanced the action, leaving that up to the stunt performers.
"One of our biggest CG challenges was during the story's climactic DeLeon Race. The film's antagonist Dino Brewster uses his Lamborghini Elemento to pit the P1 McLaren. Julianne Dome first completed a majority of the scene's challenging paint work in After Effects, building out clean plates to feed to Stephen, who led the CG. Takashi Takeoka and I took the composites to final."
This sequence was especially tricky because each vehicle was partially obscured by camera bodies and the speed rail along the road, and the battered backend of the McLaren revealed the car's protective roll cage. Using the Cinema 4D - V-Ray combination, Stephen was able to augment the McLaren's backend during the sequence. Many of the scene's reflections were generated from the practical plate to insure interaction between the car and the environment. www.cantinacreative.com
Words: Adriene Hurst
Images: Courtesy of DreamWorks Pictures


On Saturday 8th June 2013, the children in Year 3 from our school received Jesus for the first time in Holy Communion. Father John, the main celebrant, led the Mass in a prayerful and joyful way.
Family and friends joined members of the school and parish community to celebrate this joyous occasion in St Thomas More Church.
The children responded during the Mass with confidence as well as singing their hearts out, praising God.
The memories of this special day will live in all our hearts forever.
Children waiting patiently for the Mass to begin.
Candle lit procession at the beginning of Mass.
Waiting to read their Bidding Prayers.
Children prepare for the Gospel Reading.
Children receiving Jesus for the first time.
Actions to our Communion Hymn 'Bread of Life'.


Skills in recognising a range of grades of haemagglutination are critical to safe practice in the preparation of blood for human transfusion. With the move from apprenticeship-style training of blood bank scientists to university-based laboratory science degrees, the skill of grading has probably diminished, due to a lack of availability of a range of grades to teach. The development of KODE technology, with the ability to insert synthetic blood group antigens into the red cell surface in controlled amounts, allowed the potential to develop a new grading teaching tool.
KODE technology was utilised to produce panels of cells designed to have a range of agglutination grades (so called "kodecytes"). These were analysed by 102 students and 21 practitioners recruited over a two-year period. Participants performed a standardised grading exercise over either 1, 12, or 24 weeks. Statistical tools were applied to perform quantitative data analysis, and qualitative feedback was also sought.
Students did not have problems grading strongly agglutinating natural cells, or negative reactions. They did have problems grading weak and medium agglutinates (kodecytes). Students with initial grading problems improved their performance in the grading exercise over time (p=0.02). Both students and practitioners found the grading exercises to be valuable in improving grading ability and confidence in ability to grade, particularly with weak grades.
KODE technology allowed the development of a robust and well-accepted teaching tool, to improve the teaching of grades of haemagglutination in the teaching environment.


text:
Debbie Jacob
Rohlehr's Bookman runs deep
IN his illustrious career at the University of the West Indies (UWI), St Augustine, Dr Gordon Rohlehr, now emeritus professor, brought a whole new meaning to the understanding of Caribbean literature. His compilations of essays on literature and culture and his books about how calypso reflects TT society created a better understanding of this country and elevated the calypso to a new level.
Just before he was honoured at this year's NGC Bocas Lit Fest for his body of work, Rohlehr spoke about his collection of essays on calypso, education and community, Perfected Fables Now: A Bookman Signs Off on Seven Decades, published by Peepal Tree Press, which includes essays on subject matter from the 1940s to 2011.
"For some time – maybe since the late 1990s-2000s – I have been noting that a cycle of time has been closing," said Rohlehr. "Cycles of time are always closing, and new ones are always beginning, but I'm talking about my own time – the writers, friends and calypsonians of my time.
Dr Gordon Rohlehr: "The concept of the Bookman keeps emerging in the culture and he gradually emerged in my work since I have been looking at Carnival."
"You recognise this is quite natural, and you begin to assess yourself and your work, because you are a part of that generation. You want to know what this work meant – if anything. It was a generation constantly talking about change, political and social change, and you want to know if any of that work facilitated any change. Are we better or worse, and how more or less to deal with that?"
Most interesting is the perspective Rohlehr adopts in Perfected Fables Now. In a brief preface, he assumes the identity of the Carnival Bookman, who traditionally writes everyone's deeds in a book. For Rohlehr, the Bookman becomes the silent narrator recording history and providing a forum for readers to question the purpose of life.
"The concept of the Bookman keeps emerging in the culture and he gradually emerged in my work since I have been looking at Carnival.
"I remember the two bookmen at the end of Peter Minshall's Golden Calabash mas. In Derek Walcott's (poem The Spoiler's Return) Spoiler, who died close to TT's Independence, tries to figure out if this is the same place he knew when he was singing calypso. In Jamaica, (the dub poet) Mutabaruka has a Bookman-like figure in his work.
"I think I am a bit of a Bookman too. I am involved in the society, and at the same time strangely detached."
The first essay – 75 pages long – deals with the late prime minister Eric Williams's detailed vision for education, which included changing the view of the prestige schools and including vocational training in education. Williams envisioned the post-revolution, Mexican model of education where education was relevant and rooted in the community. Peasants were educated to become better farmers – not to leave agriculture to take up jobs in the cities.
"Williams' ideas of education met opposition from both the religious denominations that controlled the prestige schools and the population that felt Williams, who had benefited from a prestige education at Queen's Royal College (QRC), was offering something inferior to the masses," Rohlehr explained.
Williams viewed education as a tool to combat colonialism. "He had a sense of the urgency of moving the society from a colonial backwardness towards a modern state where people were aware of the need to locate themselves in the wider world."
Rohlehr finds there are a number of educational opportunities for today's youths – "…if they are willing to accept the opportunities provided. I don't know that the education system is flawed."
But he says formal education receives stiff competition from "the curriculum of the street. It is almost a separate culture of itself."
Rohlehr addresses the "culture of violence," which he says began with the stickfights, then gangs, and ultimately supplied "the battalions of soldiers that have been building over the last 50 years."
He believes problems come from stereotyping areas. "We talk about hotspots, and we are very comfortable with invading those areas, isolating them and targeting them, but when you confront certain areas, you get more violence.
The policemen come from the lower class black and Indian culture, so it's more black-on-black violence. Calypsonians have understood this."
There are essays about Walcott and his notion of the Caribbean being a new Mediterranean, and Earl Lovelace, with his concept of forming a new world.
Earl Lovelace
"Lovelace asks who benefited from the Cedula of Population and Emancipation? Who got land, who didn't? How do you create a new world in such a society? He tackles hard questions in his novels. You may not agree with him, but he tackles them."
Rohlehr's essay on Naipaul dissects the Trinidadian Nobel laureate's view of ancestral lands.
"Naipaul asks the question: could any of us live in our ancestral lands? At the same time, can we live in the New World? And the other question is, where am I now? What has the exile produced, an alienated, displaced person?"
Brief essays on Lloyd Best, Pat Bishop and others, Rohlehr says, deals with his own personal sense of loss of a generation of people he knew very well. Ever present is that silent Bookman, gracing the cover with his bigger-than-life presence.
"My Bookman is an isolated character, but very conscious of the society, very hopeful that we can amend some of these problems, but not too sure we can.
My Bookman is just an archivist. I present what I see for whoever cares to read it and judge." In the end, there is much to see and judge.
Reply to "Rohlehr's Bookman runs deep"
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Golden crownbeard is native to southwest North America and Mexico, but not to New England, where it has been collected in Massachusetts. The Navajo used golden crownbeard for several purposes, including hanging the flowers in the hogan or hatband to ward off lightning, and in a procedure to rid corn of cutworms.
plants perennial, 10–30 dm tall, stems with prominent wing-angles that are decurrent from the leaf bases, capitula with 2–10 sterile ray flowers, and leaf blades serrate to subentire (vs. V. envcelioides, with plants annual, 2–10 dm tall, stems without decurrent wing-angles, capitula with 10–15 carpellate ray flowers, and leaf blades coarsely).
Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. exauriculata Robins. & Greenm.
Ximenesia exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) Rydb.
golden crownbeard. Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. exauriculata Robins. & Greenm.; V. exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) Cockerell; Ximenesia encelioides Cav. var. exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) F.C. Gates; X. exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) Rydb. • MA; also reported from RI by Kartesz (1999), but specimens are unknown. Fields, roadsides, waste areas.


Oral oncology refers to the study & management of tumours associated with or originated in the oral or mouth region of the human body. These cases are generally dealt with oral & maxillofacial surgeons. Neck oncology refers to the study & management of tumours associated with or originated in the neck region of the human body. These cases are generally dealt with ENT surgeons.