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April 27th Marks 135th Anniversary of Birth of Hubert Harrison
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April 27th Marks 135th Anniversary of Birth of Hubert Harrison:
"Father of Harlem Radicalism" and
Founder of the First Organization and First Newspaper of the Militant "New Negro Movement"
Hubert H. Harrison (April 27, 1883-December 17, 1927) was a brilliant writer, orator, educator, critic, and radical political activist. Historian Joel A. Rogers, in World's Great Men of Color, described him as "perhaps the foremost Afro-American intellect of his time." Civil rights and labor leader A. Philip Randolph, described Harrison as "the father of Harlem Radicalism." Bibliophile Arthur Schomburg, outstanding collector of materials on people of African descent, eulogized at Harrison's Harlem funeral that he was "ahead of his time."
Harrison's views on race and class profoundly influenced a generation of "New Negro" militants including the class radical A. Philip Randolph and the race radical Marcus Garvey. Considered more race conscious than Randolph and more class conscious than Garvey, Harrison is a key link to two great trends of the Black Liberation Movement – the labor and civil rights trend associated with Martin Luther King, Jr., and the race and nationalist trend associated with Malcolm X. (Randolph and Garvey were important links to King marching on Washington, with Randolph at his side, and to Malcolm (whose father was a Garveyite preacher and whose mother wrote for the "Negro World"), speaking militantly and proudly on street corners in Harlem.
Harrison was not only a political radical, however. Rogers described him as an "Intellectual Giant and Free-Lance Educator," whose contributions were wide-ranging, innovative, and influential. He was an immensely skilled and popular orator and educator who spoke and/or read six languages; a highly praised journalist, critic, and book reviewer (who reportedly started "the first regular book-review section known to Negro newspaperdom"); a pioneer Black activist in the freethought and birth control movements; and a bibliophile and library builder and popularizer who was an officer on the committee that helped develop the 135th Street Public Library into what has become known as the internationally famous Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
Harrison was born on Estate Concordia, St. Croix, Danish West Indies, on April 27, 1883. His mother was an immigrant worker from Barbados and his father, who had been born enslaved in St. Croix, was a plantation worker.
In St. Croix Harrison received the equivalent of a ninth grade education, learned customs rooted in African communal traditions, interacted with immigrant and native-born working people, and grew with an affinity for the poor and with the belief that he was the equal to any other. He also learned of the Crucian people's rich history of direct-action mass struggles including the successful 1848 enslaved-led emancipation victory; the 1878 island-wide "Great Fireburn" rebellion (in which women such as "Queen Mary" Thomas played prominent roles); and the general strike of October 1879.
After the death of his mother Harrison traveled to New York as a seventeen-year-old orphan in 1900. In his early years in New York he attracted attention as a brilliant high school student, authored over a dozen letters that were published in the New York Times, involved in important African American and Afro-Caribbean working class intellectual circles, and became a freethinker.
In the United States Harrison made his mark by struggling against class and racial oppression, by helping to create a rich and vibrant intellectual life among African Americans, and by working for the enlightened development of the lives of those he affectionately referred to as "the common people." He consistently emphasized the need for working class people to develop class-consciousness; for "Negroes" to develop race consciousness, self-reliance, and self-respect; and for all those he reached to challenge white supremacy and develop an internationalist spirit and modern, scientific, critical, and independent thought as a means toward liberation.
A self-described "radical internationalist," Harrison was extremely well-versed in history and events in Africa, the Caribbean, Asia, the Mideast, the Americas, and Europe and he wrote and lectured indoors and out (he was a pioneering soapbox orator) on these topics. More than any other political leader of his era, he combined class-consciousness and anti-white supremacist race consciousness in a coherent political radicalism. He opposed capitalism and imperialism and maintained that white supremacy was central to capitalist rule in the United States. He emphasized that "politically, the Negro is the touchstone of the modern democratic idea"; that "as long as the Color Line exists, all the perfumed protestations of Democracy on the part of the white race" were "downright lying" and "the cant of 'Democracy'" was "intended as dust in the eyes of white voters"; that true democracy and equality for "Negroes" implied "a revolution . . . startling even to think of"; and that "capitalist imperialism which mercilessly exploits the darker races for its own financial purposes is the enemy which we must combine to fight."
Working from this theoretical framework, he was active with a wide variety of movements and organizations and played signal roles in the development of what were, up to that time, the largest class radical movement (socialism) and the largest race radical movement (the "New Negro"/Garvey movement) in U.S. history. His ideas on the centrality of the struggle against white supremacy anticipated the profound transformative power of the Civil Rights/Black Liberation struggles of the 1960s and his thoughts on "democracy in America" offer penetrating insights for social change efforts in the twenty-first century.
Harrison served as the foremost Black organizer, agitator, and theoretician in the Socialist Party of New York during its 1912 heyday; spoke at Broad and Wall Streets in front of the New York Stock Exchange in 1912 on socialism for over three hours to an audience that extended as far as his voice could reach (in a clear precursor to "Occupy Wall Street"); was the only Black speaker at the historic Paterson silk workers strike of 1913; founded the first organization (the Liberty League) and the first newspaper (The Voice) of the militant, race-conscious, World War I-era "New Negro" movement and led a giant Harlem rally that protested the white supremacist attacks on the African American community of East St. Louis, Illinois (which is only twelve miles from Ferguson, Missouri) in 1917; edited "The New Negro: A Monthly Magazine of a Different Sort" ("intended as an organ of the international consciousness of the darker races – especially of the Negro race") in 1919; wrote "The Negro and the Nation" in 1917 and "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World" in 1920; and served as the editor of the Negro World and principal radical influence on the Garvey movement during its radical high point in 1920.
After leaving the "Negro World" and becoming a U.S. citizen in 1922, Harrison wrote and lectured widely. He published in the "Amsterdam News," "Interstate Tattler," "Modern Quarterly," "New Republic," "Nation," "New York Times," "New York Tribune," "Boston Chronicle," "New York World," "Negro Champion," "Opportunity," and the "Pittsburgh Courier." He also lectured for the New York City Board of Education from 1922-1926; served as the New York State Chair of the American Negro Labor Congress and taught World Problems of Race at the Workers (Communist) Party's Workers' School and at the Institute for Social Study in Harlem; and spoke at universities, libraries, community forums, and street corners throughout New York City, as well as in New Jersey, Indiana, Illinois, and Massachusetts. Maintaining his political independence, he worked with Democrats, the Single Tax Movement, Virgin Island organizations, the Farmer Labor Party Movement, and Communists. A bibliophile and advocate of free public libraries, he was also a founding officer of the committee that helped develop the "Department of Negro Literature and History" of the 135th Street Public Library into a center for Black studies, subsequently known as the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. In addition, though he was a trailblazing book reviewer and literary critic during the period known as the Harlem Renaissance, he questioned the "Renaissance" on its willingness to accept standards from "white society" and on its claim to being a rebirth, a claim that he felt ignored the steady flow of works by "Negro" writers since 1850.
In 1924 Harrison founded the International Colored Unity League (ICUL), which emphasized "Negro" solidarity and self-support, advocated "race first" politics, and sought to enfranchise "Negroes" in the South. The ICUL attempted "to do for the Negro the things which the Negro needs to have done without depending upon or waiting for the co-operative action of white people." It urged that "Negroes" develop "race consciousness" as a defensive measure, be aware of their racial oppression, and use that awareness to unite, organize, and respond as a group. Its economic program advocated cooperative farms, stores, and housing, and its social program included scholarships for youth and opposition to restrictive laws. The ICUL program, described in 1924 talks and newspaper articles and published in "The Voice of the Negro" in 1927, had political, economic, and social planks urging protests, self-reliance, self-sufficiency, and collective action and included as its "central idea" the founding of "a Negro state, not in Africa, as Marcus Garvey would have done, but in the United States" as an outlet for "racial egoism." It was a plan for "the harnessing" of "Negro energies" and for "economic, political and spiritual self-help and advancement." It preceded a somewhat similar plan by the Communist International by four years. The journalist and activist Hodge Kirnon from Montserrat was one of the ICUL officers and in 1924 Harrison and Rogers spoke on behalf of the organization in the Midwest and in New England.
In 1927 Harrison edited the International Colored Unity League's "Embryo of the Voice of The Negro" and then "The Voice of the Negro" until shortly before his unexpected December 17 death at Bellevue Hospital in New York from an appendicitis-related condition. His funeral was attended by thousands and preceded his burial in Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, a gift of his portrait for placement on the main floor of the 135th Street Public Library, and the (ironic) establishment of The Hubert Harrison Memorial Church in Harlem in his honor.
Hubert Harrison lived and died in poverty. In 2015, after eighty-seven years, a beautiful tombstone was placed on his shared and previously unmarked gravesite. His gravesite marker includes his image and words drawn from Andy Razaf, outstanding poet of "New Negro Movement" – speaker, editor, and sage . . . "What a change thy work hath wrought!" That commemorative marker, as well as the notable increase in books, articles, videos, audios, and discussions on his life and work reflect a growing recognition of his importance and indicate that interest in this giant of Black history will continue to grow in the twenty-first century and that Hubert Harrison has much to offer people today.
Dr. Jeffrey B. Perry is an independent, working class scholar and archivist who was formally educated at Princeton, Harvard, Rutgers, and Columbia University. He was a long-time rank-and-file activist, elected union officer with Local 300, and editor for the National Postal Mail Handlers Union (div. of LIUNA, AFL-CIO). Perry preserved and inventoried the Hubert H. Harrison Papers (now at Columbia University's Rare Book and Manuscript Library); edited of A Hubert Harrison Reader (Wesleyan University Press, 2001); authored Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918 (Columbia University Press, 2008); wrote the introduction and notes for the new, expanded edition of Hubert H. Harrison, When Africa Awakes: The "Inside Story" of the New Negro in the Western World (1920; Diasporic Africa Pres, 2015); and wrote the new introduction and supplemental material for the expanded edition of Theodore W. Allen, The Invention of the White Race, 2 vols. (1994, 1997; Verso Books, 2012). He is currently working on volume two of the Hubert Harrison biography and preparing his vast collection of Theodore W. Allen Papers and Research Materials on Hubert Harrison for placement at a major repository.
and see HERE
For information on the new, Diasporic Africa Press expanded edition of Hubert H. Harrison's "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World" see HERE
For a link to the Hubert H. Harrison Papers at Columbia University's Rare Book and Manuscript Library see HERE
115,000 VIEWS This Video on Theodore W. Allen's "The Invention of White Race" Has Just Passed the 115,000-Views Mark Please View and Share It!
Tags: whiteness, Theodore W. Allen, #theodorewallen, Hubert Harrison, Hubert H. Harrison, Sean Ahern, Muril Tillinghast, Kazembe Balagun, Racial Oppression and Social Control, The Origin of Racial Oppression in Anglo-America, The Father of Harlem Radicalism, Columbia University Press, Wesleyan University Press, A Hubert Harrison Reader, When Africa Awakes, The Inside Story of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World, Fusion Films, Brecht Forum, Dudley Public Library, St. Croix Landmark Society, Diasporic Africa Press, #hubertharrison, #huberthharrison, The Invention of the White Race, Jeffrey B. Perry, #jeffreybperry, #inventionofthewhiterace, #whiteprivilege, white privilege, #Blackhistory, Black History, anti-racism, #anti-racism, #whiteness, Verso Books, #versobooks, chattel bond-servitude, racial slavery, #racialslavery, Bacon's Rebellion, #Bacon'sRebellion, Nell Painter, Gerald Horne, Wilson J. Moses, Gregory Meyerson, Audrey Smedley, Joe Berry, Fred Nguyen, Mark Solomon, Carl Davidson
This Video on Theodore W. Allen's "The Invention of White Race"
Has Just Passed the 115,000-Views Mark.
115,000 VIEWS -- This Video on Theodore W. Allen's "The Invention of White Race" Has Just Passed the 115,000-Views Mark. It opens with some insights from the life and work of Hubert Harrison.
Please take time to watch the video, to share it with friends, and to call the work of Theodore W. Allen and Hubert Harrison to the attention of others.
Theodore W. Allen's "Invention of the White Race" has been referred to as a "classic" by historians Nell Painter, Gerald Horne, Wilson J. Moses, and Gregory Meyerson and by social anthropologist Audrey Smedley.
Labor historian Joe Berry says it "is one of the most important books of U.S history ever written."
Historian Mark Solomon of the W.E.B. Du Bois Institute for African and African American Research, Harvard University, says, "The profound insights in 'The Invention of the White Race' are essential both to understand the origins and destructiveness of white supremacy and to provide the means to conduct struggle against it. Allen's study is mandatory reading for everyone concerned with justice, equality and the liberation of all from the binds of white supremacy."
Long time activist Carl Davidson emphasizes that "You simply can't understand America and who we are without this ["The Invention of the White Race"] book."
Special thanks to those who contributed to the book launch event that was the basis of this video on Allen's "The Invention of the White Race" – including filmmaker Fred Nguyen; Muriel Tillinghast and Sean Ahern of "The Hubert Harrison and Theodore W. Allen Society"; Kazembe Balagun, Max Uhlenbeck, and Liz Mestres of the Brecht Forum; and Jessica Turner of Verso Books.
A second video on "The Invention of White Race," recently filmed at a "multi-racial" worker organizing conference in Greensboro, NC, has exceptionally clear slides and is also attracting increased attention – see HERE Special thanks to organizer Ben Wilkins, who coordinated the two-day conference, and to Eric Preston (and Fusion Films) for work on the video.
For information on Theodore W. Allen's "The Invention of the White Race" Volume I: "Racial Oppression and Social Control" (including comments from scholars and activists, Table of Contents, and an overview of the volume) see HERE Note – the new, expanded Verso Books edition of this volume includes new introductions and notes, an expanded index, and a lengthy and detailed internal study guide.
For information on Theodore W. Allen's "The Invention of the White Race" Volume II: "The Origin of Racial Oppression in Anglo America" (including comments from scholars and activists, Table of Contents, and an overview of the volume) see HERE Note – the new, expanded Verso Books edition of this volume includes new introductions and notes, an expanded index, and a lengthy and detailed internal study guide.
For information on Theodore W. Allen's "Summary of the Argument of The Invention of the White Race" Part 1 see HERE and for Part 2 see HERE
or at "Cultural Logic" at HERE
For a video interview with Theodore W. Allen on "The Invention of the White Race" conducted by New York City schoolteacher Stella Winston and viewed by over 105,000 people see HERE
For information on "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918" (Columbia University Press, 2008) see HERE
For information on "A Hubert Harrison Reader" (Wesleyan University Press, 2001) see HERE
For information on Hubert H. Harrison, "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World," New Expanded Edition (Diasporic Africa Press, 2015) see HERE
For a video on Hubert Harrison based on a presentation at the Dudley Public Library in Roxbury, Massachusetts – see -- HERE
Special thanks to Mimi Jones, Friends of the Dudley Library, Alliance for a Secular and Democratic South Asia, Massachusetts Global Action. Mirna Lascano, Umang Kumar, and Charlie Welch for making the event possible and to Boston Neighborhood News TV's "Around Town" -- Channel: Comcast 9 / RCN 15 -- Justin D. Shannahan, Production Manager, Ted Lewis, cameraman, and Laura Kerivan, copy editor, Nia Grace (Marketing and Promotions Manager), and Scott Mercer for helping to make the video available.
For a recent video on Hubert Harrison done at the St. Croix Landmarks Society, Estate Whim, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands – see Read More
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100th Anniversary of Hubert Harrison's Founding of the First Organization of the Militant "New Negro Movement"
Tags: Hubert Harrison, Hubert H. Harrison, The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, The Father of Harlem Radicalism, Columbia University Press, A Hubert Harrison Reader, Wesleyan University Press, Diasporic Africa Press, When Africa Awakes, Inside Story, Stirrings and Strivings, Western World, first organization, first newspaper, New Negro Movement, Harlem, Marcus Garvey, Chandler Owen, W.A. Domingo, J. A. Rogers, A.Philip Randolpj, Richrd B.Moore, Liberty Leage, The Voice, Negro World, Alain LeRoy Locke, Bethel A.M.E. Church, St. Croix, Virgin Islands, Jamaican, Socialist Party, Communist Party, African Blood Bothethood, Founding, Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, Metropolitan Baptist Church, militant, New Negro, Liberty League, Stop Lynching, disfranchisement, Make the South Safe for Democracy, Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., Abyssinian Baptist Church, East St.Louis, Pogrom, federal anti-lynching legislation, sefregation, make the South Safe for Democray, 13th amendment, 14th amendment, 15th amendment, armed self-defense, lynching, Jamaica
100th Anniversary of Hubert Harrison's Founding
of the First Organization of the Militant "New Negro Movement"
One hundred years ago, on June 12, 1917, Hubert Harrison founded the Liberty League of Negro-Americans at a rally attended by thousands at Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, 52-60 W. 132nd Street in Harlem. It was the first organization of the militant "New Negro Movement." Several weeks later, on July 4, at a large rally at Metropolitan Baptist Church, 120 W. 138th Street, Harrison founded the movement's first paper – "The Voice: A Newspaper for the New Negro."
The Liberty League's Bethel rally was called around the slogans "Stop Lynching and Disfranchisement" and "Make the South 'Safe For Democracy.'" Listed speakers included Harrison, the young activist Chandler Owen, and Dr. Adam Clayton Powell, Sr. (of Abyssinian Baptist Church). Marcus Garvey, a relatively unknown former printer from Jamaica also spoke at the rally in what was his first talk before a major Harlem audience.
The League's stated purpose was to take steps "to uproot" the twin evils of lynching and disfranchisement and "to petition the government for a redress of grievances." It aimed to "carry on educational and propaganda work among Negroes" and "exercise political pressure wherever possible" in order to "abate lynching." Harrison said it offered "the most startling program of any organization of Negroes in the country" as it demanded democracy at home for "Negro-Americans" before they would be expected to enthuse over democracy in Europe.
Two thousand people packed the Bethel church meeting and the audience rose in support during Harrison's introduction when he demanded "that Congress make lynching a Federal crime." Resolutions were passed calling the government's attention to the continued violation of the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments (regarding slavery and involuntary servitude, citizenship rights, and voting rights); to the existence of mob law from Florida to New York; and to the demand that lynching be made a federal crime. In his talk Harrison also called for retaliatory self-defense whenever Black lives were threatened by mobs.
The Liberty League emphasized "a special sympathy" for "our brethren in Africa" and pledged to "work for the ultimate realization of democracy in Africa -- for the right of these darker millions to rule their own ancestral lands -- even as the people of Europe -- free from the domination of foreign tyrants." The League also adopted a tricolor flag. Harrison explained, because of the "Negro's" "dual relationship to our own and other peoples," we "adopted as our emblem the three colors, black brown and yellow, in perpendicular stripes." These colors were chosen because the "black, brown and yellow, [were] symbolic of the three colors of the Negro race in America." They were also, he suggested, symbolic of people of color worldwide.
Garvey, his fellow Jamaican and future "Negro World" editor W. A. Domingo, and other leading activists, including a number of important future leaders of the Garvey movement, joined Harrison's Liberty League. From the Liberty League and the Voice came many core progressive ideas later utilized by Garvey in both the Universal Negro Improvement Association and the "Negro World." Contemporaries readily acknowledged that Harrison's work laid groundwork for the Garvey movement. Harrison claimed that from the Liberty League "Garvey appropriated every feature that was worthwhile in his movement" and that the secret of Garvey's success was that he "[held] up to the Negro masses those things which bloom in their hearts" including "race-consciousness" and "racial solidarity" – "things taught first in 1917 by the "Voice" and The Liberty League."
The July 4 meeting at which "The Voice" appeared came in the wake of the vicious white supremacist attacks (Harrison called it a "pogrom") on the African American community of East St. Louis, Illinois (which is twelve miles from Ferguson, Missouri). Harrison again advised "Negroes" who faced mob violence in the South and elsewhere to "supply themselves with rifles and fight if necessary, to defend their lives and property." According to the "New York Times" he received great applause when he declared that "the time had come for the Negroes [to] do what white men who were threatened did, look out for themselves, and kill rather than submit to be killed." He was quoted as saying: "We intend to fight if we must . . . for the things dearest to us, for our hearths and homes." In his talk he encouraged "Negroes" everywhere who did not enjoy the protection of the law to arm in self-defense, to hide their arms, and to learn how to use their weapons. He also reportedly called for a collection of money to buy rifles for those who could not obtain them themselves, emphasizing that "Negroes in New York cannot afford to lie down in the face of this" because "East St. Louis touches us too nearly." According to the "Times," Harrison said it was imperative to "demand justice" and to "make our voices heard." This call for armed self-defense and the desire to have the political voice of the militant New Negro heard were important components of Harrison's militant "New Negro" activism.
The Voice featured Harrison's outstanding writing and editing and it included important book review and "Poetry for the People" sections. It contributed significantly to the climate leading up to Alain LeRoy Locke's 1925 publication "The New Negro."
Beginning in August 1919 Harrison edited "The New Negro: A Monthly Magazine of a Different Sort," which described itself as "A Magazine for the New Negro," published "in the interest of the New Negro Manhood Movement," and "intended as an organ of the international consciousness of the darker races -- especially of the Negro race."
In early 1920 Harrison assumed "the joint editorship" of the "Negro World" and served as principal editor of that globe-sweeping newspaper of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (which was a major component of the "New Negro Movement").
Then, in August 1920, while serving as editor of the "Negro World," Harrison completed "When Africa Awakes: The "Inside Story" of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World." Many of Harrison's most important "New Negro Movement" editorials and reviews from the 1917-1920 period were reprinted in "When Africa Awakes." The book, recently republished in expanded form by Diasporic Africa Press, makes clear his pioneering theoretical, educational, and organizational role in the founding and development of the militant "New Negro Movement."
Brief Biographical Background Pre the Founding of Militant "New Negro Movement"
St. Croix, Virgin Islands-born, Harlem-based, Hubert Henry Harrison (1883-1927) was a brilliant, class conscious and race conscious, writer, educator, orator, editor, book reviewer, political activist, and radical internationalist. Historian J. A. Rogers in "World's Great Men of Color" described him as an "Intellectual Giant" who was "perhaps the foremost Aframerican intellect of his time." Labor and civil rights activist A. Philip Randolph, referring to a period when Harlem was considered an international "Negro Mecca" and the "center of radical black thought," described him as "the father of Harlem radicalism." Richard B. Moore, active with the Socialist Party, African Blood Brotherhood, Communist Party, and movements for Caribbean independence and federation, described Harrison as "above all" his contemporaries in his steady emphasis that "a vital aim" was "the liberation of the oppressed African and other colonial peoples."
Hubert Harrison played unique, signal roles in the largest class radical movement (socialism) and the largest race radical movement (the "New Negro"/Garvey movement) of his era. He was a major influence on the class radical Randolph, on the race radical Garvey, and on other militant "New Negroes" in the period around World War I. W. A. Domingo, a socialist and the first editor of Garvey's "Negro World" newspaper explained, "Garvey like the rest of us [A. Philip Randolph, Chandler Owen, Cyril Briggs, Grace Campbell, Richard B. Moore, and other "New Negroes"] followed Hubert Harrison." Historian Robert A. Hill refers to Harrison as "the New Negro ideological mentor." Considered the most class conscious of the race radicals and the most race conscious of the class radicals in those years, he is a key link in the two great trends of the Civil Rights/Black Liberation struggle – the labor and civil rights trend associated with Randolph and Martin Luther King Jr. and the race and nationalist trend associated with Garvey and Malcolm X. (King marched on Washington with Randolph at his side and Malcolm's father was a Garveyite preacher and his mother was a reporter for Garvey's Negro World, the newspaper for which Harrison had been principal editor.)
From 1911 to 1914 Harrison served as the leading Black theoretician, speaker, and activist in the Socialist Party of America. Party statements and practices -- including events at the 1912 convention where Socialists failed to address the "Negro Question" and supported Asian exclusion as "legislation restricting the invasion of the white man's domain by other races" -- caused him to leave the Socialist Party in 1914. After departing, he offered what is arguably the most profound, but least heeded, criticism in the history of the United States left -- that Socialist Party leaders, like organized labor leaders, put the "white race" first, before class, that they put the ["white'] "Race First and class after."
Harrison was a pioneering Black activist in the Freethought, Free Speech, and Birth Control Movements. Two years after leaving the Socialist Party, Harrison turned to concentrated work in the Black community. Beginning in 1916, he served as the intellectual guiding light of the militant "New Negro Movement" -- the race and class conscious, internationalist, mass based, autonomous, militantly assertive movement for "political equality, social justice, civic opportunity, and economic power."
Those interested in additional information on Hubert Harrison and the founding of the militant "New Negro Movement" are encouraged to read "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918" (Columbia University Press), "A Hubert Harrison Reader" (Wesleyan University Press), and the new, expanded, Diasporic Africa Press edition of Hubert H. Harrison's "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World."
For information on "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918" (Columbia University Press) CLICK HERE
For information on the new, expanded, Diasporic Africa Press edition of Hubert H. Harrison's "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World" CLICK HERE
For a video of a Slide Presentation/Talk on Hubert Harrison at the Dudley Public Library, Roxbury, Mass. filmed by Boston Neighborhood News TV CLICK HERE
For a video of a Slide Presentation/Talk on HUBERT HARRISON the "Father of Harlem Radicalism" for the St. Croix Landmarks Society CLICK HERE (Note: The slides are very clear.)
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Hubert Harrison Growing Appreciation for this Giant of Black History December 17 Marks the 89th Anniversary of His Death
Tags: Hubert Harrison, Hubert H. Harrison, J. A. Rogers, A. Philip Ramdolph, Marcus Garvey, Socialist Party, New Negro Movement, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, touchstone, Columbia University Press, Wesleyan University Press, When Africa Awakes, The Inside Story of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World, St. Croix, A Hubert Harrison Reader, Diasporic Africa Press, December 17, death, radical internationalist, New Negro, Voice, Negro World
Hubert Harrison (1883-1927), the "father of Harlem radicalism" and founder of the militant "New Negro Movement," is a giant of our history. He was extremely important in his day and his significant contributions and influence are attracting increased study and discussion today. On the anniversary of his December 17, 1927, death let us all make a commitment to learn more about the important struggles that he and others waged. Let us also commit to share this knowledge with others.
Harrison was born in St. Croix, Danish West Indies, on April 27, 1883, to a laboring-class Bajan mother and a born-enslaved, plantation-laboring Crucian father. He arrived in New York as a seventeen-year-old orphan in 1900. He made his mark in the United States by struggling against class and racial oppression, by helping to create a remarkably rich and vibrant intellectual life among African Americans and by working for the enlightened development of the lives of those he affectionately referred to as "the common people." He consistently emphasized the need for working class people to develop class-consciousness; for "Negroes" to develop race consciousness, self-reliance, and self-respect; and for all those he reached to challenge white supremacy and develop an internationalist spirit and modern, scientific, critical, and independent thought as a means toward liberation.
A self-described "radical internationalist," Harrison was extremely well-versed in history and events in Africa, the Caribbean, Asia, the Mideast, the Americas, and Europe and he wrote voluminously and lectured indoors and out on these topics. More than any other political leader of his era, he combined class-consciousness and anti-white supremacist race consciousness in a coherent political radicalism. He opposed capitalism and imperialism and maintained that white supremacy was central to capitalist rule in the United States. He emphasized that "politically, the Negro is the touchstone of the modern democratic idea"; that "as long as the Color Line exists, all the perfumed protestations of Democracy on the part of the white race" were "downright lying" and "the cant of 'Democracy'" was "intended as dust in the eyes of white voters"; that true democracy and equality for "Negroes" implied "a revolution . . . startling even to think of," and that "capitalist imperialism which mercilessly exploits the darker races for its own financial purposes is the enemy which we must combine to fight."
Working from this theoretical framework, he was active with a wide variety of movements and organizations and played signal roles in the development of what were, up to that time, the largest class radical movement (socialism) and the largest race radical movement (the "New Negro"/Garvey movement) in U.S. history. His ideas on the centrality of the struggle against white supremacy anticipated the profound transformative power of the Civil Rights/Black Liberation struggles of the 1960s and his thoughts on "democracy in America" offer penetrating insights on the limitations and potential of America in the twenty-first century.
Harrison served as the foremost Black organizer, agitator, and theoretician in the Socialist Party of New York during its 1912 heyday; he founded the first organization (the Liberty League) and the first newspaper (The Voice) of the militant, World War I-era "New Negro" movement; edited The New Negro: A Monthly Magazine of a Different Sort ("intended as an organ of the international consciousness of the darker races -- especially of the Negro race") in 1919; wrote When Africa Awakes: The "Inside Story" of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World in 1920; and he served as the editor of the Negro World and principal radical influence on the Garvey movement during its radical high point in 1920.
His views on race and class profoundly influenced a generation of "New Negro" militants including the class radical Randolph and the race radical Garvey. Considered more race conscious than Randolph and more class conscious than Garvey, Harrison is the key link in the ideological unity of the two great trends of the Black Liberation Movement -- the labor and civil rights trend associated with Martin Luther King, Jr., and the race and nationalist trend associated with Malcolm X. (Randolph and Garvey were, respectively, the direct links to King marching on Washington, with Randolph at his side, and to Malcolm (whose father was a Garveyite preacher and whose mother wrote for the Negro World), speaking militantly and proudly on street corners in Harlem.
Harrison was not only a political radical, however. Rogers described him as an "Intellectual Giant and Free-Lance Educator," whose contributions were wide-ranging, innovative, and influential. He was an immensely skilled self-educated lecturer (for the New York City Board of Education) who spoke and/or read six languages; a highly praised journalist, critic, and book reviewer (who reportedly started "the first regular book-review section known to Negro newspaperdom"); a pioneer Black activist in the freethought and birth control movements; and a bibliophile and library builder and popularizer who was an officer of the committee that helped develop the 135th Street Public Library into what has become known as the internationally famous Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
Hubert Harrison was truly extraordinary and people are encouraged to learn about and discuss his life and work and to Keep Alive the Struggles and Memory of this Giant of Black History.
For comments from scholars and activists on Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918" (Columbia University Press) see HERE
For a video of a Slide Presentation/Talk on Hubert Harrison at the Dudley Public Library, Roxbury, Mass. filmed by Boston Neighborhood News TV see HERE
For a NEW VIDEO of a Slide Presentation/Talk on HUBERT HARRISON the "Father of Harlem Radicalism" for the St. Croix Landmarks Society see
HERE (Note: The slides are very clear.)
Hubert HarrisonFather of Harlem RadicalismFounder of New Negro MovementComing Home to St. Croix 2016by Jeffrey B. Perry
Tags: Hubert Harrison, Hubert H. Harrison, J. A. Rogers, A. Philip Ramdolph, Marcus Garvey, Socialist Party, New Negro Movement, Black Power Movement, East St. Louis, Ferguson, Union Square, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, touchstone, Columbia University Press, Wesleyan University Press, When Africa Awakes, The Inside Story of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World, St. Croix Landmarks Society, Coming Home to St. Croix, Estate Whim, A Hubert Harrison Reader, Diasporic Africa Press, Sonia Jacobs Dow, Naeemah Legair, Mary Roebuck, George F. Tyson, Reflections, David Christian, Campbell "Ras Soup" Carter, Its Your Perspective Talk Show, WSTX 970 AM, Victor Edney, Chalana Brown, Douglas Canton
Hubert Harrison, "The Voice of Harlem Radicalism." Presentation by Jeffrey B. Perry at the St. Croix Landmarks Society Event "Coming Home to St. Croix," at Estate Whim, St. Croix, July 19, 2016.
Hubert H. Harrison (1883-1927) is one of the truly important figures of twentieth-century history. A brilliant writer, orator, educator, critic, and political activist, he was described by Joel A. Rogers, in "World's Great Men of Color" as "perhaps the foremost Afro-American intellect of his time." Labor and civil rights leader A. Philip Randolph described Harrison as "the father of Harlem Radicalism." Bibliophile Arthur Schomburg, fully aware of his popularity, eulogized to the thousands attending Harrison's Harlem funeral that he was also "ahead of his time." Hubert Harrison has much to offer us today!
Harrison served as the foremost Black organizer, agitator, and theoretician in the Socialist Party of New York during its 1912 heyday; he founded the first organization (the Liberty League) and the first newspaper ("The Voice") of the militant, World War I-era "New Negro" movement; edited "The New Negro: A Monthly Magazine of a Different Sort" ("intended as an organ of the international consciousness of the darker races -- especially of the Negro race") in 1919; wrote "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World" in 1920; and he served as editor of the "Negro World" and principal radical influence on the Garvey movement during its radical high point in 1920.
His views on race and class profoundly influenced a generation of "New Negro" militants and common people including the class radical A. Philip Randolph and the race radical Marcus Garvey. Considered more race conscious than Randolph and more class conscious than Garvey, Harrison is the key link in the ideological unity of the two great trends of the Black Liberation Movement -- the labor and civil rights trend associated with Martin Luther King, Jr., and the race and nationalist trend associated with Malcolm X. (Randolph and Garvey were, respectively, the direct links to King marching on Washington, with Randolph at his side, and to Malcolm (whose father was a Garveyite preacher and whose mother wrote for the "Negro World"), speaking militantly and proudly on street corners in Harlem.
Harrison was also an immensely skilled and popular orator and educator; a highly praised journalist, critic, and book reviewer; a pioneer Black activist in the freethought and birth control movements; and a bibliophile and library builder and popularizer who helped develop the 135th Street Public Library into what is now the internationally famous Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
Special Thanks to Mrs. Sonia Jacobs Dow, Executive Director, St. Croix Landmarks Society; Naeemah Legair, Communications Intern, St. Croix Landmarks Society; Mary Roebuck, Volunteer, St. Croix Landmarks Society; George F. Tyson, Historian; Douglas Canton, "Reflections," WSTX 970 AM; David Christian, "Its Your Perspective Talk Show," WSTX 970 AM; Campbell "Ras Soup" Carter, "Its Your Perspective Talk Show," WSTX 970 AM; Victor Edney, Jr., Audio System, Recording; Chalana Brown, Photography; and again, a very special thanks to Douglas Canton for Videography, Composition and Editing.
For comments from scholars and activists on "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918" (Columbia University Press) see -- HERE
For information on "A Hubert Harrison Reader" (Wesleyan University Press) see -- HERE
For information on the new, Diasporic Africa Press expanded edition of Hubert H. Harrison's "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World" see -- HERE
For a video of a Slide Presentation/Talk on Hubert Harrison see -- HERE
For a video of a Slide Presentation/Talk on Hubert Harrison "The Father of Harlem Radicalism" and Founder of the Militant New Negro Movement see --
Hubert Harrison and Others "Occupy Wall Street" on September 13, 1912
Tags: Hubert Harrison, Hubert H. Harrison, Enlightening Wall Street, Occupy Wall Street, September 13, 1912, socialism, J. A. Rogers, A. Philip Ramdolph, Marcus Garvey, Socialist Party, New Negro Movement, Black Power Movement, East St. Louis, Ferguson, Union Square, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, touchstone, Columbia University Press, Wesleyan University Press, When Africa Awakes, The Inside Story of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World, A Hubert Harrison Reader, Diasporic Africa Press
104 years ago (on September 14, 1912) in "Enlightening Wall Street" the New York Times reported that "Hubert Harrison, an eloquent and forceful negro speaker, shattered all records for distance in an address on Socialism in front of the Stock Exchange building yesterday [September 13]" His "voice carried to the furthermost limits of the crowd," he "was still going strong, at the beginning of the third hour," and he continued on until "the big gong in the Exchange announced the closing."
Hubert Harrison (1883-1927) was a brilliant writer, orator, editor and political activist who was described by J. A. Rogers as "perhaps the foremost Afro-American intellect of his time" and by A. Philip Randolph as "the father of Harlem Radicalism."
Hubert Harrison was the leading Black activist in the Socialist Party around 1912 when he emphasized that politically, the Negro is the touchstone of the modern democratic idea" and when he lectured on socialism as many as 23 times a week (including speaking before 40,000 people in Manhattan's Union Square).
By 1917 Hubert Harrison was the founder of the militant "New Negro Movement," a precursor to the Black Power Movement of the 1960s, and he was organizing a massive Harlem rally that protested the white supremacist "pogrom" (his word) on the African American community of East St. Louis, Illinois (12 miles from Ferguson, Missouri).
Hubert Harrison was a major radical influence on both A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey and on a generation of "New Negroes." (Extending those political lines of descent leads to Martin and Malcolm).
When he died unexpectedly from an appendicitis-related condition in 1927 bibliophile Arthur Schomburg, knowing how popular Harrison was in his day, presciently eulogized that Hubert Harrison "was ahead of his time."
In the 21st century we have much to learn from Hubert Harrison and the struggles he and others waged!
Recommended Summer Reading Recommended Summer Viewing On Hubert Harrison and Theodore W. Allen
Tags: Recommended Summer Reading, Theodore W. Allen, Black Radicalism, African American History, Labor History, American History, U.S. History, Non-Fiction, freethought, Origin, racial oppression, Anglo-America, Recommended Summer Viewing, Hubert Harrison, autodidact, anti-white supremacist, white privilege, white skin privilege, whiteness, Bacon's Rebellion, slavery, chattel bond-servitude, working class, intellectuals, Hubert H. Harrison, Ted Allen, twentieth century, Race, Class, A Hubert Harrison Reader, Wesleyan University Press, The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918, Columbia University Press, When Africa Awakes, The Inside Story, Stirrings and Strivings, New Negro, Western World, Diasporic Africa Press, developing conjuncture, Insights, Centrality, Fight, Struggle, Against White Supremacy, The Invention of the White Race, social control, Verso Books, Dudley Branch, Boston Public Library, Roxbury, Massachusetts, Brecht Forum, New York City, Multiracial Organizing Conference, Greensboro, NC
Recommended Summer Reading
Recommended Summer Viewing
On Hubert Harrison
Important summer reading and viewing -- The autodidactic, anti-white supremacist, working-class intellectuals Hubert Harrison and Theodore W. Allen are two of the twentieth century's most important thinkers on race and class. The following readings and videos are recommended:
"A Hubert Harrison Reader" ed. with an introduction and notes by Jeffrey B. Perry (Wesleyan University Press) CLICK HERE
Jeffrey B. Perry, "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883-1918" (Columbia University Press) CLICK HERE
Hubert H. Harrison, "When Africa Awakes: The 'Inside Story' of the Stirrings and Strivings of the New Negro in the Western World," edited with an introduction and notes by Jeffrey B. Perry (Diasporic Africa Press) CLICK HERE
Jeffrey B. Perry, "The Developing Conjuncture and Some Insights from Hubert Harrison and Theodore W. Allen on the Centrality of the Fight Against White Supremacy" (which offers the fullest treatment of the development of Allen's thought -- CLICK HERE
Theodore W. Allen, "The Invention of the White Race" Volume 1: "Racial Oppression and Social Control," edited with an introduction and notes by Jeffrey B. Perry (Verso Books), CLICK HERE
Theodore W. Allen, "The Invention of the White Race," Volume 2: "The Origin of Racial Oppression in Anglo-America," CLICK HERE
"Hubert Harrison," video of a slide presentation/talk by Jeffrey B. Perry at the Dudley Branch of the Boston Public Library in Roxbury, Massachusetts on February 15, 2014, CLICK HERE
"Theodore W. Allen's 'The Invention of the White Race'" by Jeffrey B. Perry at the Brecht Forum in New York City CLICK HERE
"Theodore W. Allen and 'The Invention of the White Race'" video of 2016 slide presentation/talk by Jeffrey B. Perry at a "Multiracial Organizing Conference" against white supremacy in Greensboro, NC CLICK HERE
Jeffrey B. Perry, "The Developing Conjuncture and Some Insights from Hubert Harrison and Theodore W. Allen on the Centrality of the Fight Against White Supremacy" (which offers the fullest treatment of the development of Allen's thought) http://www.jeffreybperry.net (at Top Left) or see http://clogic.eserver.org/2010/2010.html


Arthritis is a broad disease topic that is degenerative and creates chronic painful conditions. It is typically paired with joint inflammation that causes pain and stiffness. Traditionally arthritis is treated with painkillers and anti-inflammation medications that cause pain and stiffness. It generally affects the joints and it can also affect other body parts like kidneys, eyes, skin, heart, and lungs. The good news for arthritis patients is many things can help you reduce and prevent pain. Natural remedies for arthritis relief includes relaxing in an Epsom salt bath, ginger and turmeric tea for pain relief, magnesium-rich diet, use olive oil, essential oils.
Diet is not a cure for arthritis, but certain foods have nutrients that can boost the immune system, strengthen bones and fight inflammation. Best foods that can provide arthritis relief are fatty fish, garlic, ginger, broccoli, walnuts, berries, spinach, grapes, and tart cherry juice. Other things that can provide relief from arthritis pain get good sleep and more vitamin D, topical medications, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, steroid injection, hyaluronic acid injection; trigger point injections, nerve block, peripheral nerve stimulation, pain pump, deep brain stimulation.
Protect your joint: take care of your joints. Avoid doing activities that you know your joints are not able to handle or create discomfort.
Regular exercise: exercise is the key component in keeping your joints pain free. Exercise improves your mood and gives energy. Walk, swimming, cycling, and light weight training are good exercises to ease arthritis pain. Always check your doctor before doing any exercise. If you are looking to preserve your joints, opt for swimming. It creates resistance with the water while being kind on your joints, especially within your lower extremities.
Rest: giving enough rest to your body is important. Proper rest can help you relax your mind, relieve joint pain and reduce the fatigue associated with this disease.
Lose weight: being overweight may place excessive stress on your joints and can adversely affect your hips, back, and knees.
Add fatty acids to your diet: omega-3 fatty acids diligently reduce your arthritis symptoms. Fish oil supplements are high in omega-3s that reduces joint pain and stiffness. Another acid that helps provide arthritis relief is Gama linolenic acid.
There are holistic therapies to relieve arthritis pain without the side effects of pain medications.
Acupuncture: tiny needles are placed into specific areas of the body to decrease arthritis pain. Electroacupuncture is also used to decrease arthritis pain. It restores balance and reroutes energies in your body.
Meditation: relaxation and meditation techniques can help you reduce arthritis pain by reducing the stress and making you able to cope better with it. Stress leads to swelling, pain and inflammation drop.
Chiropractic care: chiropractic adjustments help relieve pain by treating muscle spasm, affected by arthritis.
Hot and cold therapy: simple hot and cold therapy can diminish the arthritis pain. Long hot showers help ease joint stiffness. A moist heating pad or an electric blanket at night can help you keep your joints loose. Cold treatments are great for relieving inflammation, swelling and joint pain.
Massage therapy: regular massage of your arthritic joints can help reduce stiffness and pain and improve the range of motion.
Herbal supplements: these are many herbal supplements that are able to provide arthritis relief. Some of these supplements include thunder god vine, stinging nettle, ginkgo, devil's claw etc.


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Home/ National Animal Law Competitions/Past Competitions
National Animal Law Competition (NALC)
"The National Animal Law Competitions allows students with a passion for advocacy specifically related to animal issues, to hone their skills to become better advocates. I have always enjoyed advocating for people who could not speak for themselves. By competing in the National Animal Law Competitions, I learned how to craft compelling arguments and learn how to present animal law issues to people who may not be as informed of the challenges that animals face. I enjoyed my time as a competitor so much that I signed up with Animal Legal Defense Fund and have assisted The John Marshall Law School as a coach for students competing in the National Animal Law Competitions. One of the greatest testaments of NALC is that it allows law students who are unaware of the plight of companion animals, farm animals, or even animals subjected to experiments, to become better stewards of those entrusted to our care. There is nothing like watching students evolve from supporters of animal issues to advocates of animal issues." –Anthony Sam, JD, former competitor
"As a trial lawyer for more than 25 years I was very impressed with the quality of the closing arguments of all the competitors. They performed at a level I would expect of a third year prosecutor, not a law student. And the winner was absolutely fantastic, particularly in her ability to think on her feet during the final round. Finding law students interested in not just the issue but bringing those who abuse animals to justice is particularly meaningful for those of us who have been working, often seemingly alone, in animal welfare enforcement." –Josh Marquis, JD
"My partner and I chose to come back to NALC because we had such a great experience last year– thoughtful judges, a well-run competition, and thought-provoking practice problems. Connecting with animal law professionals and supportive members of the bench has been a great benefit of this competition and I would do it all over again in a heartbeat." –Anna Bennett, UC Irvine Law 3L
"It is really amazing to practice real skills and get feedback from the most important scholars and practitioners in animal law. The competition fosters relationships between competitors but also amongst the staff and judges." –Stefanie Wilson, UC Irvine Law 3L
Overview Registration Problems Rules Schedule Archive
Competition Registration
Registration opened on Thursday, October 7th, at 10 a.m. (PST). Please note, it is highly recommended to read the competition rules in full before registering.
Registrations are processed on a first-come, first-served basis. The order is determined by the time and date they are received via email. Send completed forms to competition administrator Laura Handzel at lhandzel@lclark.edu.
Registrations may be completed by the individual competitor or by an agent acting on their behalf.
Because many law schools hold in-school competitions to select their representatives, specific competitor information is preferred but not absolutely necessary at the time of registration. All other fields on the registration form, however, must be complete and payment must be arranged. If not, the registration will not be accepted. Specific competitor information must be supplied no later than November 15, 2010, or the spot is forfeited to a waitlisted individual or team.
The competition is open to law students currently seeking a JD from any ABA-approved law school in the United States. See competition rules for additional information.
A registration form must be completed for each competition slot. Please note, an Appellate Moot Court team constitutes one spot (e.g. one form per team, not per competitor). Each law school may register for two slots per competition (e.g. a law school could send a total of eight individual competitors). Each competitor may register for any two out of the three competitions, but not all three.
Complete the appropriate registration form available at the links below by simply clicking on the individual fields and typing in the information. Save the form (just in case) and then return it as an email attachment to lhandzel@lclark.edu. Remember, the order of registration is determined by the time/date stamp of your email. For law schools/individuals with multiple registrations, one email may contain attachments for all of the law school's/individual's registrations.
Appellate Moot Court Competition Registration Form - SOLD OUT
(One form per two-competitor team) (Open to 2Ls, 3Ls & 4Ls)
Closing Argument Competition Registration Form - SOLD OUT
(Individual form per competitor) (Open to 2Ls, 3Ls & 4Ls)
Legislative Drafting & Lobbying Competition Registration Form - SOLD OUT (Individual form per competitor) (Open to 1Ls, 2Ls, 3Ls & 4Ls)
National Animal Law Competitions
Center for Animal Law Studies (CALS)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A romance set in a world where slavery is government run and slaves are fitted with microchips.
Savannah, fleeing a turbulent relationship, seeks solace at her brother's country farmhouse. It's there that she meets Kayden; her brother's slave who's considered less than human. These two damaged souls form an unbreakable bond, one that's about to be tested, because Kayden is her brother's property and he will stop at nothing to keep them apart.
Please note this book contains some sexual scenes, violence and strong language.
Michelle Abbott lives in the UK.
She loves to write about heroes who begin as the underdog and are protective of their girl and she likes to read all genres of romance.
When she's not reading or writing she enjoys travelling and seeing new places and occasionally she picks up her knitting needles and attempts to finish the sweater she started two years ago.
Thanks for featuring my cover re-reveal, Angie.
My pleasure, Michelle. It is gorgeous!


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Into The Dragon's World (A Paranormal Night Club Book 1)
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Sin & Chocolate (Demigods of San Francisco Book 1)
by K.F. Breene
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But when Kieran, a sinfully sexy demigod at the pinnacle of power, crashes into my life, suddenly my whole world is turned upside down.
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by Riley Storm
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The Parallel Series, Books 1-4
by Elizabeth O'Roark
I was sleepwalking through my life.
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The attraction is immediate, and desperate. Our love feels bigger than either of us…as if it's fate. But the closer we get to the truth–about the things I can do and a prophecy that involves us both–the more dangerous it becomes.
Because Nick will die to keep me safe…and that's exactly what those who fear the prophecy want.
Boxset includes:
Parallel (The Parallel Series Book One)
Intersect (The Parallel Series Book Two)
Bonus Novella: Nick and Quinn's Wedding
Across Time (The Parallel Series Book Three)
Across Eternity (The Parallel Series Book Four)
The Island (a bonus epilogue)
Magick and Mischief (Warlocks MacGregor Book 7)
by Michelle M. Pillow
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Magic, Mischief & Kilts!
Kenneth doesn't have room for anything in his life beyond his responsibilities as an immortal warlock and a father. Being a single dad is difficult, especially when that toddler is more powerful than his entire magickal family combined. Standing against forces who want nothing more than to harness his daughter's power takes focus, dedication, and the willingness to put his life on hold. So when the mysterious yet beautiful Andrea appears on his doorstep, he can't help but distrust her.
For two years, Andrea Breaux has been running from a dangerous supernatural force. She's learned to stay on the move, to never allow grass to grow under her feet, and to be suspicious of everyone and everything. When she finds herself in a house surrounded by magicks and a powerful child who would rather she not leave, Andrea isn't sure what to do or if she even wants to go. But staying puts everyone at risk, especially the Scottish hottie in a kilt, Kenneth MacGregor.
Note: This is a standalone story.
Category: Featured Deals, Google Books, iBooks, Kobo, New Releases, Nook, Paranormal Romance
Dragon's Second Chance Romance (Dragons of Mount Atrox Book 2)
Everyone makes mistakes. But Claire's have come back to haunt her…
Claire has always had a thing for bad boys. That's exactly how she got into her current situation, running back to Five Peaks to hide out at her parents' place. Some guys just won't take no for an answer however, and her controlling ex is one of them. He's already confronted her once and threatened to expose her sins to the world. That's why she's determined not to give anyone else a shot. Even if they are tall, handsome, kind, and the complete opposite of her usual type.
Pietro has been looking all over town for Claire, desperate to find her before the evil that has entered the world does. Unfortunately, all he has to go on is a picture in his mind. A memory of a disastrous first meeting that should have ended any chance this dragon has with the fiery redhead. Yet he can't stop thinking about her, and that's exactly what's gotten her into even more trouble. It's up to him to protect her from the evil of his world.
Claire didn't think she wasn't ready for a new man. She knew she wasn't. Yet somehow, over the course of several wild nights involving her ex-boyfriend, vampires, and being arrested, Pietro has managed to win his way into her heart. There's an honesty and caring about him that is foreign to her. Never has anyone treated her the way he does, and the more she experiences it, the more Claire begins to wonder if perhaps she's been doing it wrong all this time. Maybe all she needed to do was find her Pietro. Now if they can just stop her past and his world from colluding to destroy their future…
Beauty's Curse (Beast and Beauty Book 1)
by Brantwijn Serrah
The death of a tyrant king should have set her free. Instead, Sadira could be dead by dawn.
After the fall of Alaric Khan, Sadira finds herself still at his mercy, held siege in his castle by a deadly curse: Alaric's ultimate revenge. Surrounded by chaos, rising paranoia, and disasters, Sadira discovers an unlikely ally in the barbarian warrior Bannon Sha'kurukh. Alaric's killer… and her new Master.
To escape Alaric's power, Sadira must bring Bannon into her secret world of domination, possession, and desire. But their quest to uncover Alaric's secrets—and their own ruthless passions—draw them closer and closer to an unspeakable conclusion.
The source of the curse… can only be Sadira herself.
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text:
Q: predicate logic ,writing in notation form The statement below should be rewritten in the form " for all · · · x, · · · ."
"No computer scientists are unemployed"
Answer
Let
 computer scientists = CS
unemployed=U
for all x element of CS, x is not an element of U.

A: Yes. That's one direction to go:
If we consider $C$ the set of all computer scientists and $U$ the set of unemployed persons, then $$\forall x(x \in C \rightarrow x \notin U)$$

We can alternatively use predicates, and designate the domain to be the set of all people.
Let $C(x)$ mean "$x$ is a computer scientist."
Let $U(x)$ meaning "$x$ is unemployed."
Then we have, $$\forall x\Big(C(x)\rightarrow \lnot U(x)\Big)$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Only a month ago I walked through a simple application of Machine Learning (ML) with Scikit Learn. This library offers an abundance of ML tools for data classification, which I hope I showed to be a relatively painless task. However, I'd experimented with Scikit Learn before, and thought, where's the fun in that? It's time to dive into a new library which has also attracted a big name for itself: TensorFlow.
Adopted by Coca Cola, Google, and Twitter, to name a few, TensorFlow has found itself to be the most loved library by respondents to the Stack Overflow 2018 Developer Survey. TensorFlow was the work of the Google Brain Team before becoming open-source. I'll walk through a simple application of TensorFlow, using the same dataset as Scikit Learn and the latest version of Python 3 (v3.6.4 at the time of writing). If you haven't yet found a chance to read my article demonstrating Scikit Learn, I would strongly advise reading the setup for a better understanding of the dataset we're going to use.
That's us ready to go!
With feature columns ready for use, instantiating a classifier is a relatively painless task, much like Scikit Learn! Instead of working with a Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) classifier like before, we'll take advantage of Tensorflow's DNN classifier. Before proceeding to show you the implementation, it would be beneficial to describe the general structure of the DNN.
DNN stands for Deep Neural Network. This type of network is designed to function like a human brain, consisting of multiple layers of nodes. These nodes act like neurons in the brain, where the computation takes place. Every DNN consists of one input layer, one output layer, and multiple "hidden" layers. The number of hidden layers is configurable, and differs from DNN to DNN. These networks recognise patterns in numeric data as the data is filtered between layers, starting with the input layer and finishing in the output layer.
With a DNN instantiated, it's time to provide training. There are two questions to consider at this stage: What should we do if our DNN is working with an exceptionally large set of data, and how often should the DNN iterate over the data before it's sufficiently trained? The first question is relatively simple to answer: Break down the data into smaller batches, and feed data to the DNN one batch at a time. Our DNN will be training with ~7500 samples, so let's break this down into batches of 100 samples.
The second question, on the other hand, is trickier to answer. Try a range of numbers, and see what delivers the best results for you! Keep in mind, too few iterations may mean the DNN has missed some important trends in your data, whilst too many iterations may mean the DNN concentrates too much on less significant trends! Pinpointing the optimal number of iterations is a difficult task. For the sake of demonstrating how this works, let's set our DNN to run 50 iterations, or "steps".
Observe that TensorFlow calls train for each step of the training. This function formats the data as a TensorFlow dataset, and proceeds to train the classifier data for each batch of 100 samples. Once its done, the TensorFlow dataset will be reshuffled, and the training resumes. This is repeated 1000 times, completing a single step of the training. We're left to repeat this whole process 50 times. This sounds like an exceptional amount of work! Once all 50 steps are complete, our classifier is ready for testing.
How well does the DNN perform?
How does this compare to Scikit Learn's SGD classifier?
To answer the first question, running our DNN several times has given a particularly impressive average score of 78%! This doesn't quite match up to the bar set by Scikit Learn - sitting on 84% - but there are plenty of parameters to play with which may well allow the DNN to beat this record. As I discussed in my previous article, there's an abundance of parameters to experiment with, and plenty of potential to either improve or worsen our results: We could introduce more nodes to our hidden layers, add more hidden layers, or increase the number of steps in the training process.
One key point to make in comparing these two libraries is that Scikit Learn included a pre-processing stage to standardise the data we were working with. I haven't done the same for TensorFlow, but implementing this step in the pipeline would require only a little extra work. Even without pre-processing, I think TensorFlow has done a grand job with the basic DNN setup here. Whilst I've only measured the accuracy score here, TensorFlow offer's a module's worth of metrics for further analysis of the results.
This brings to an end the second application of ML using Python! Before attempting to work with TensorFlow, I led myself to believe the setup would prove more challenging than Scikit Learn. However, this wasn't at all the case. Formatting the features into Python dictionaries seemed a little tedious, since this wasn't necessary in Scikit Learn, but the process of instantiating, training, and testing a TensorFlow classifier was relatively straightforward.
In the end, the results for each library with next-to-no experimentation of parameters were both excellent, and I would be happy to recommend either library to anyone considering the process of building a ML tool in the near future! If, like me, you're keen to explore TensorFlow further, I find its well documented on their own website. Better still, if you're keen to add improvements and extra features to the code seen here, you're more than welcome to play with the DNN on GitHub. Happy coding!
I'm a software developer at Scott Logic, Edinburgh. I joined in August 2017 after four years studying Computer Science and Mathematics at the University of Edinburgh.


Just wanted to say hope everyone has a great weekend.
We are working on the house and hosting a few parties. Tiger Lily has invited 8 of her best friends for a slumber party (I had a really weak moment) and my Post-Bac IRTA (fellow) got a movie deal and leaves next week so we are having a cookout Monday at the house.
No big news, I have a consult with a radiation oncologist next week--waaayy too many doctors if you ask me.
Remember to relax this weekend and enjoy the end of summer (and put away those white shoes little sister, even if you do live in AZ...).
Hard to believe summer is over (so to speak). Back to the real world of working more and playing less. It has been a very different summer for you. Hope the fall is a little less exciting if you know what I mean.
Have fun with TL and the rest of her bunch for the sleep over. Enjoy your cook out Monday. Take a couple minutes for yourself to breathe however (breathing is important).
As you have said in the past, you gotta live and you are doing that.


text:
Gower: Playing for pride
Thu 3 Sep 2015, 12:30 PM
The Dyldam Parramatta Eels are preparing to take on the Canberra Raiders this Sunday, their final game of the 2015 season, and Blue and Gold forward David Gower is hoping for a packed Pirtek Stadium this weekend.
Expecting a tough battle in the middle of the field, Gower said the Blue and Gold will be looking continue to challenge themselves in the final game of the year.
"It is our strength [our forward pack], and also their strength, so we are expecting a tough physical battle in the middle," Gower said.
"It is something we are looking forward to, you always look forward to testing yourself against the bigger packs and I don't think they come much bigger than Canberra's pack so we can't wait."
Despite not being in contention for Finals football, Gower said the Eels will still be hitting the field with plenty to play for.
"Finals are over for both sides so it will be a matter of playing for pride and hopefully filling Pirtek Stadium with 20,000 screaming Blue and Gold Army and us putting on a good performance for them and building towards a fresh start and a good preseason," Gower said.
"That was last year [knocking us out of Finals contention] and I wish we were playing for the same sort of prize this year, and unfortunately we are not, but we are competitive every game and we want to win every game regardless of what is on the line." Gower added.
GAME DAY INFORMATION
Round 26 is dedicated to the Blue and Gold Army and Gower was hoping to see a packed Pirtek Stadium so that the side can say thank you to their loyal supporters.
"Hopefully we can get 20,000 Blue and Gold maniacs out there for us and we are really looking forward to putting on a show for them," Gower said.
"Last week when we were coming back in the game, it just gives the boys a rise and you could be a little bit flat in defence and you get a good run and the crowd goes up," Gower added.
"They might get us a penalty which would be nice, but they lift the boys in tough stages of the game and they help keep momentum when we start coming home strong."
"If we can pack Pirtek this weekend, that would be unbelievable."
Gates at Pirtek Stadium open at 11:30am this Sunday with NRL kick off at 2pm. Under 20's kick off at 11:45am.
Tickets start from just $40* for families when you pre-purchase (4 people, General Admission) and $20* for adults - click through to buy yours today!
Fergo fending off youngsters in Eels backline race


The team of aviation students from LeTourneau University won first place at the Southwest Regional Professional Aviation Maintenance Association competition in Fort Worth, Texas, recently, competing against several other aviation maintenance technology schools in Texas and Oklahoma. PAMA is the premier aviation maintenance organization for aviation maintenance technicians which fosters continuous improvement in aviation safety.
LETU aeronautical science majors took two of the three top spots as senior Patrick Harney of Lowville, N.Y., won first place and senior Jacob Sweers of Mount Hermon, Calif., won third place. Rounding out the team were senior Tommy Regier of Fairview, Okla.; sophomore Tim Powell of Klamath River, Calif.,; and senior Luke Sjoblom of Longview, Texas.
Faculty sponsor was assistant professor of applied aircraft systems Andy Farrell, who had great praise for his students.
"This year, the judges changed the electrical project in the competition so that the students had to troubleshoot a challenging electrical wiring harness that was like something you would see on a weapons system, not on a small airplane," Farrell said. "They had to test to see if it was good or not. After the event, the judge on that project went out of his way to come compliment our students in person because he was impressed that nobody on our team was intimidated by this unique project."
During the competition that required intense concentration, the students were required to complete maintenance tasks similar to those they would encounter in their careers as Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) mechanics. The students were graded on safety wiring, torquing, riveting, precision measurement and electrical system trouble shooting. They rotated to a dozen different stations with only 20 minutes per station and were graded by judges who were from the aviation industry or aviation education. Individual scores were based on the final product, but also on safety and tool management, which meant organizing their tools and discarding debris.
This is the third year LETU has competed in PAMA competition, where students took home the first place trophy last year, and the second place trophy in their first year of competition. Prior to the competition, the students met on weekends to practice for the competition.


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We are a modern day digital advertising and communication agency.


text:
SANG BLEU MAGAZINE An interview with Philip Yarnell – Sang Bleu
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An interview with Philip Yarnell
Author : reba
Philip Yarnell is the 24 year old tattooer working from the seaside town Southend in Essex at Skynard. His impressive work with its strong and consistent use of imagery, muted colour pallet and his strong following is all the more special considering the fact that he has only been tattooing for two years. There is a depth and quality to his work which is far beyond his length of practice and can be seen clearly in how much interest his work amasses. Here at Sang Bleu we've tried to get to know Philip at little bit better by finding out more about him.
How long have you been tattooing for and how did you get into it? Your are still pretty young considering how developed your work is.
I've been tattooing for about 2 years now but I have been at the shop I work at for almost 3 years. I got into tattooing whilst I was still at University, I was getting tattooed at Skynyard which is now where I work. Luckily Albert Thomas the owner saw potential in my drawings (which at the time I was taking in to get tattooed). He then waited for me to finish university, and thats when I started. I think my work is still developing a lot although I'm still unsure of the direction its taking.
Where did you study fine art? Did your tutors or other students have a problems with you wanting to go into tattooing?
I studied fine art at Hertfordshire University. They didn't have a problem with it at all, it only really came to be a possibility when I was in the last year. It also never really effected my work there as I was working on various personal art projects that have nothing to do with tattooing.
How is it tattooing in Southend, would you ever consider leaving? Or do you feel that being in Essex is an important part of your work?
Tattooing is dominated by lackluster shops in Southend. There are a few good ones though, and I'm proud to say that I am part of one of them. I'm actually going to be splitting my time between Southend and London soon. But going somewhere else in the future who knows. I don't feel being in Essex influences my work in any way though.
Who have you been tattooed by?
I've been tattooed by alot of different people. Some of them are Guy Le Tattooer, Liam Sparkes, Dane Mancini Soos, Simon Erl, Shen Schubert and of course the great people I work with Albert Thomas, Charlie Coppolo and Thomas Pollard.
Who do you respect in the tattoo world?
The person I most respect would be Guy (le Tattooer). His work is constantly inspiring.
Besides from tattooers work, who else or what inspires your work?
I get inspired from alot of things. Old engravings and paintings etc, particularly from the Renaissance era have a great impact. But anything from modern art to architecture inspires me. Even movies find there way in there.
Could you give an example of one image, one film, one song, one tattoo and one building that inspire you?
Giving one example is very difficult, but if I had to choose one artist that has most effected my work over my life it would be Egon Schiele. His work literally changed the way I drew and made me rethink how I did things.
If I had to choose a movie, it would be Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. Terry Gilliam captured the book perfectly. Also the artwork of Ralph Steadman, which is more to do with the book has definitely inspired me. A song is a hard one, but it would most likely be 'Heroin' by the Velvet Underground. I've listened to that song more then most whilst drawing. I can't think of one particular tattoo, but when I first came across Guy's work, it certainly had an effect on me. It is always very inspiring. Architecture is tricky also to pin one particular building down. But anything with a lot of concrete and wood constructed into horribly sharp angles always stop me in my tracks.
How often do you draw or paint, do you feel that drawing is imperative to the role of a tattooer?
I think drawing and/or painting is absolutely imperative for tattooer. I don't do nearly enough of either just for myself, but it is very important. Its a great way to not worry about what people want but to experiment and develop your own work.
Have you been interested in creating your own particular aesthetic within tattooing?
I don't consciously try and create my own aesthetic, I just try and do things the most natural way to me. I think my work has a fairly distinct style but it is still developing, so who knows what it might look like in a month or a years time.
How do you feel about the current fashionability of tattooing in our contemporary culture?
I find it a shame, it just encourages the wrong type of people, but I can't complain because I'm very new to the tattoo scene myself, so If anything I'm a complete part of that and have most likely benefited from it and its rise in popularity thanks to these tv shows and whatever. Its just a phase for these people, so when they look at their crappy tattoo they got in a few years its going to create a negative vibe towards the industry.
Where would you like to see your work develop in the future?
I just just hope that I can continue to develop my style and that my work doesn't hit a brick wall and become stale. I don't want to stop learning, I'm constantly researching, which I hope will only make my work stronger.
To find out more about Philip's work you can follow him on Tumblr here or on Instagram here.
Categories : LondonSB peopleTattooUK Tattoo
tattooed people no 1
An interview with Kenji Alucky
Who is www.zimbabwe2003.tumblr.com ?
Genesis P–Orrdge & Hazel Hill McCarthy III: Bight of the Twin
XroniX's photographs of the publics reaction to her appearance
Barbara Kruger at Skarstedt Gallery
Deliquium: An exhibition of the dark movements
RADICAL PEOPLE – A newspaper dedicated to the apathetic and bored created by Reba Maybury
Interview with Glue Sniffer
'we could be heroes' at the photographers gallery
Irregular Body, Regular Pleasure: Joel Peter Witken
Woof Woof I'm Back: Franko B at the Mayor's Parlour Gallery
'They don't talk, they always look good, they wear every piece of new clothing that I buy for them and I have nothing to explain – I decide and I have all the fun.' – an email conversation with newslipman63, a mannequin fetishist
An interview with tattooer James McKenna
Tamara Santibañez chooses Sang Bleu her favourite pieces from LAABF
Leon Mostovoy: Market Street Cinema
SUB CULTURE by Iain McKell has been re-immersed into the world by Wild Life Press
Milla Reika
Ten Questions: Cokney
Stills from Chris and Cosey's music video for their song Rise in 1989
Helen Mcdonnell's Tattoo collection
An interview with Adam Katz Sinding
SB6 Interview with Guy le Tatooer
Hal Fischer's 'Gay Semiotics' at Cherry and Martin, Los Angeles
Established in 2005, Sang Bleu Media originated as a magazine, and evolved into the innovative digital platform it is today. Representing modern culture, Sang Bleu focuses on the unique expressions of urban society through contemporary art and fashion, sociology and literature. From fine arts to fashion and luxury, to body modification, tattoos or musical subcultures, Sang Bleu seeks to understand and represent modern reality through the unique visions of today's artists.
Sang Bleu Publishing focuses on experimental projects with no rigid format. It has been at the helm of a multitude of releases, in collaboration with artistic institutions and individuals, like the Palais de Tokyo, or the poet Daniel Feinberg. It also is the publisher of the globally acclaimed Sang Bleu Magazine. These publications are available in the curated online store of Sang Bleu Media, amongst other collectables from hardback art and design books to fashion and fetish magazines.
Besides its print publications, Sang Bleu Media is also a digital platform constituting of online editorial spaces and a myriad of communities, giving each production, the opportunity to express itself under many forms and to be perceived under many angles, reaching not only specialist audiences, but also organically reaching a wider audience, thus challenging perceptions and contributing to the evolution of contemporary culture.
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2017 © COPYRIGHT SANG BLEU.


Wedding Napkin rings - other styles.
This photo shows the different styles of napkin rings available.
The price is for ONE napkin ring with pyrography.
'Rustic is just that it is light in weight.
Retro is a middle weight.
Barrel is a quality, chunky weight.
If you are wondering why with different qualities the price is the same for each it is because the first two take more work to seal them.
All can be cleaned by wiping over with a damp cloth.