Thank you and good evening. I'm delighted to be here, and to be in front of an architectural audience in Baltimore and to have a chance to be thinking about something other than the implications of Camden Yards and the Inner Harbor. I don't say that to disparage these places – I'm happy to say that I was here in April of 1992 for the opening game at Camden Yards, and I think it is one of the more influential pieces of urban design in this country in the last couple of decades. It is no insult to other things that have been built in Baltimore to say that Camden Yards is probably the piece of architecture built in this city in the last quarter-century that has had the greatest influence in rest of the country. But we are here tonight to think about something else, something that goes far beyond Baltimore, though it of course includes this city as it includes every place, and that is the question of social responsibility in architecture, and what it might mean right now, at a time when we it seems impossible to think of buildings only as aesthetic objects – when it seems almost irreponsible, and self-indulgent, to think of them solely in those terms.
When Chris Parts first wrote to ask me to come, he mentioned an article I had written in Architecture magazine about Samuel Mockbee, the gifted and unusual architect who died at the very end of last year, and to use his career as a way of looking at this issue, and trying to figure out what social responsibility ought to mean in our time. I'm not going to speak about Mockbee in detail, but let me say a word about him and his career, since it brings to the fore a whole set of issues. Mockbee, who was only 57 when he died, was best known for something called the Rural Studio at Auburn University, which he created as an architectural equivalent of one of those pro-bono law clinics that provides legal services for the poor. Mockbee provided architectural services for the poor. But in doing so, he was determined to be profoundly, absolutely, rigorously creative, and to make no compromises. This is important – it is essential to knowing and understanding him, because for the last couple of decades, you could pretty safely presume that any architect who focused his or her talents on helping the poor did so at the expense of design. Indeed, I have sometimes wondered if social consciousness and aesthetics weren't linked in a zero-sum game: if you cared passionately about one, it was almost a given that you didn't care as much about the other. Strong, creative, powerful and inventive modern design has generally been the province of the rich, or of rich and sophisticated institutions, like museums and universities. Subsidized housing, when we build it at all, has generally been banal, dreary, unimaginative and hopelessly conservative – either because we haven't believed that poor people deserved the best, or because we haven't wanted to challenge their taste, and we have embraced banality in the guise of "respecting" their wishes. I don't doubt that most people who haven't been exposed to architecture are hesitant to accept the unfamiliar. People will always go first to what they know, not to what challenges them, since there is great comfort in the familiar. But Mockbee understood, I think, that people deserve to be challenged and to have their sights raised every bit as much as they deserve to have a roof over their heads, and he set up the Rural Studio to do both. He did not accept the premise that clients of little sophistication and little money could not respond to the promise and the exhileration of modern architecture. To fail to give them the chance, Mockbee believed, would be to condescend to them.
Mockbee did not apologize for being a modernist, then, and he did not expect his students who worked with him in the Rural Studio to design traditional log cabins. He led them toward an architecture that was respectful of southern traditions, but was in no way literal. An unspoken part of the agenda at the Rural Studio was the challenge of persuading poor rural families of the merits of architecture that must surely have appeared unconventional to them. Under Mockbee's guidance, crisp angles, sharp diagonals, lots of glass and winged roofs that slanted rather than peaked became, if not quite common, a rather familiar part of the landscape in rural Hale County, Alabama.
Mockbee was a great educator, in part because he taught his students that they had to find a way to integrate the aspirations of their clients with their own aspirations as architects – that these things had to go together, they couldn't be in opposition. There is no greater lesson a teacher of architecture can offer, and it is astonishing to me to realize how rarely this lesson is taught. Most of the time, architecture students are taught to look at the building as a pure, Platonic object, and there is nothing to negotiate, because the client is all a figment of the imagination. Mockbee's students dealt with real clients, in real situations, and the aesthetics of a design could not simply be decreed. And yet at the same time, Mockbee's students also knew that it was not simply a matter of doing whatever the client wanted, that they had to do more than repeat the way things had always been, because if you do that, then there is no point to your being there, there is no point to being an architect.
I don't want to suggest that Sam Mockbee's contribution was mainly a matter of getting modernism into the realm of rural housing for the poor. But neither is it mainly a matter of getting roofs over the heads of some people who wouldn't otherwise have had them. Both of these are extraordinary achievements, and it is the combination of the two that is the most extraordinary of all. Architects tend mainly to think of themselves as responsive to clients, which they are and should always be, but all too often this is used as an excuse for doing the wrong thing, or for doing very little, or for not being active in the civic realm. It's true that no architect can, alone, fix what is wrong with Baltimore, or build a thousand units of housing, and neither, unfortunately, can the whole AIA. But the inability to change the world is not a reason to retreat from the civic realm, and to step aside from continually trying to use your expertise to make life better.
Social responsibility in architecture is, at least in part, a matter of believing, passionately and absolutely, in the potential of architecture to improve the quality of life. Obviously Sam Mockbee believed this, and never saw what he was doing as just a job. But is there really any point to this today? We are much more inclined to wonder what effect architecture can have on society at all, and whether it makes sense to create serious works of architecture, to devote resources to creating them in this day and age. After all, we ask ourselves, how can we bother with such things in a time of joblessness, in a time of homelessness, a time of AIDS, a time of so much anxiety and despair? What possible good can architecture do us? Does architecture, even good architecture, matter?
What is the point of architecture? Is it naive to believe, as Samuel Mockbee did, that it can play any role in making a place civilized – in giving a family focus and strength, in making a community, in rendering a city livable? Let's lay the cards on the table. Architecture is not as important as enlightened public policy, perhaps, or as a healthy economy. It doesn't solve AIDS, or cure cancer. It is not bread on the table, and it is not justice in the courtroom. A great court does not guarantee just laws; a great school building does not in and of itself teach people, though it may provide a better environment for teaching people. A great house does not protect you from the rain any better than an ordinary house – indeed, if the history of architecture in the twentieth century is any indication, a great house often protects you less well from the rain than an ordinary house. But does that mean that a special work of architecture cannot, in its own way, have a profound and subtle effect on the quality of life?
These are not easy questions, in part because they can invite such easy and glib responses. The truth is that there is no way to tangibly measure the effect of architecture on our lives, and there is no way even to be certain that it can make a demonstrable impact on the nature of a community. Don't think I'm going to follow up on what I've just said with some platitudes and homilies about how wonderfully architecture improves the quality of life, because the fact of the matter is that I am not sure how much it always does. I will leave the certainty on that subject to Frank Lloyd Wright, who was very good at dismissing his leaky roofs because he was so certain that a life spent under them, however wet it may have gotten you, was an enobling and life-changing experience. Well, I would like to believe that is so, but I don't know that we can necessarily count on architecture to do all this wonderful stuff, whatever Wright may have thought. Architecture is an effect of culture as much as a cause; it reflects our values at least as much as it creates them.
Yet we cannot leave it all at that, as if there were no connection between what we build and what kind of society we are or can be. We can't let architecture totally off the hook by saying it is nothing but an effect and not a cause of our cultural condition. Winston Churchill's line – "We shape our buildings, then our buildings shape us" – may be shopworn, but it is not so far from the truth, and it remains the most cogent summary of the complex and dynamic relationship between architecture and society I have ever read, for it acknowledges that the relationship works both ways. Architecture is both an effect of social condition and a cause.
If there could be any doubt that architecture is a public issue – that it can affect the public sensibility and the public spirit almost as much as political and economic matters do – it came home to me in two letters I received not that long ago, which I would like to share with you. The letters were both long and exceptionally thoughtful – I'll only read you some brief excerpts – and they both came from people who were trying earnestly to come to terms with the way in which architecture and social and political forces seemed to be working – or not working – to define our cities and our landscape. Neither writer was comfortable with the way in which political and economic and cultural factors now come together to create the modern city – but the things that bothered them, the things that motivated them to write to an architecture critic, were completely and entirely opposite from each other.
What made these letters still more intriguing is that both writers felt that their perceptions were somewhat out of character for people of their backgrounds. The first was from a man who described himself as "a Republican, a commuter, all in favor of Progress . . . I'm against rent control, believe in profit, and would be the last to stand in the way of needed development." Yet, he was writing to bemoan the physical condition of New York, a city he loves but finds is now looking more and more like "a big, anonymous concrete vault. Soon it will look like East Berlin – but because of capitalist economics, not socialist planning."
If the march of skyscrapers, shutting out the sun and sky, led this man, in his words, "to feel rather hopeless about the esthetic future of the city," the other writer took a different tack. His categorization of himself, it would seem, would be as more of a liberal than the first writer. Yet, his concern was not that the free market of real estate had too much power, but that liberal Government regulation, in the form of landmarks protection, had stifled the rights of property owners and set social values awry.
In the course of his letter, he looked back to an event some years ago, still a defining event in the history of landmarks preservation in New York, which was the situation surrounding St. Bartholomew's Church on Park Avenue which, in the widely publicized case many of you may remember, petitioned the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission for permission to tear down the community house of its Bertram Goodhue-designed church to erect a skyscraper. A portion of the income from this real estate venture would have been devoted to aiding the poor, the church claimed in an attempt to make the project seem socially desirable. But the Landmarks Commission said no to the church's initial proposal, citing the damage the skyscraper would do to the landmark church complex.
"One might even go so far as to suggest that it is unforgivably arrogant to dictate to the owners of buldings and properties what should be done with their resources, especially when the owners have such unarguably fine things in mind" as aiding the poor, that second letter stated. "The idea that esthetics and taste and appearances — notwithstanding their inherent benefits and qualities – come first and subordinate a variety of other factors, such as Ôshelter beds and soup kitchens,' is hard to swallow."
The letter concluded by asking whether liberals, by promoting landmark preservation, had not painted themselves into something of a corner so far as social values are concerned. "I am struck by what might have been a conflict for the New York liberals, who on the one hand want to preserve the Ô quality of life esthetically,' while on the other are faced with the price to be paid for this preservation in terms of a sacrifice of Ôshelter beds and soup kitchens,' which are traditionally part of the liberal's turf," the writer said.
The question is well posed here. But is it, in fact, the right question? Before answering it, let me go back to the question I raised at the outset. How much does architecture really matter? Can it affect the quality of life? For the first writer, the answer is clearly yes. He bemoans the loss of fine older buildings, the loss of sunlight, the loss of the kind of casual encounters that make urban life easy, the loss of small scale, the tendency of virtually everything to turn into an interior mall. "I've begun to get this chilling feeling that things have gone wrong, that as a city — as a society? — we've lost some essential perspective," he writes, to quote another phrase from his letter.
The other letter writer is also observing a loss of perspective, but from a very different vantage point. He does not so much deny the value of architecture as place it, clearly and unquestionably, below other values in a hierarchy. And he believes that the emphasis our society is placing on architectural values in the form of landmark preservation is, in and of itself, elevating the value of architecture to an unnatural point.
Now, it is not the case that one of these letter writers is right and the other wrong. Life is not so simple as that. Lurking behind both letters is a more fundamental issue, and that is whether there really is any meaning in trying to evaluate the social benefit of architecture in the way that the second writer does.
To position architecture up against bread is to guarantee that it will lose; there is nothing very profound in that observation. Sentimental notions of the meaning of art aside, even Beethoven cannot take the place of food in the mouths of the poor. Art is a luxury – not a physical luxury but a luxury of thought; it begins to make sense to us when the basics of living are accounted for.
To think of art and food as a tradeoff, then, is a fallacy. Food is a necessity. Art, and architecture, for all we value them, are not. They do not sustain life; they give the already sustained life meaning. The suggestion that esthetics and survival constitute a simple tradeoff in the minds of landmark preservationists is not only unsubtle, it is intellectually crude, for it presupposes an either-or situation where none really exists. Resources are available for both art and survival — they are not unlimited, of course, but as a society we are constantly called upon to make decisions as to where our resources will go, and how they will do the most social good.
All decisions involving social priorities entail a kind of balancing act. After all, as individuals, there are few of us who choose to live like Mother Teresa, giving up all personal property to help the poor. And we do not sell off the pictures at the Walters or the National Gallery and devote the profits to feeding the poor, for example, though that would certainly provide one kind of social benefit. You could feed a lot of people with the proceeds from disposing of a few Rembrandts. We do not do that, of course, because the pictures are a public trust — in the case of the National Gallery, quite literally a public trust, but in the case of all museums, part of our shared culture in the larger sense.
But is that not what can be said of great architecture? Or, indeed, what should be said of almost all serious architecture, great or not, of buildings that aspire to some significance in the public realm — that they are part of a larger whole, and in that sense also part of a public trust?
For here we get back to the very issues the first of those two letters I mentioned a moment ago raises. It is true that there is such a thing as "quality of life," hackneyed phrase that it is, and architecture plays a real role in determining what that quality of life is. The things that disturbed the writer, the things that made him wonder about our social priorities, are all very real. Light, a sense of space, quiet, visual variety, modest scale – we may not be able to quantify the effects of these things, but we can know that we can have no civilized city without them. I've posed an example that falls into the area of landmark preservation, only because I was intrigued by the juxtaposition of the two letters I received, the two opinions each coming from people who thought they were speaking in opposition to their standard, obvious political position.
But we could as well speak of new architecture on its own when we raise the question of how much does it matter, the question of how much of society's resources should go into architecture – the question of necessity versus luxury. I'm not speaking of architecture in terms of elaborate buildings, but in terms of works that exist as making some kind of statement about a public realm, about their role as something other than pure pieces of private property. Once, the city was seen as a kind of public trust – even private property was developed with a sense of responsibility to the urban whole. Much of that attitude has disappeared in our time, pushed away by the values of a time in which the city is seen far more as a set of real estate opportunities, as a blank slate on which can be written ever bigger buildings, than as a community.
If you permit me to return to New York for another moment, we certainly see those issues writ large today in what must be the biggest arena of urban planning and architectural discussion in our lifetimes: the future of Ground Zero, the question of what should happen where the World Trade Center once stood. Questions of social responsibility hover over all of this, of course, and however depressing a lot of things are here in terms of some of the plans being proposed and some of the politicking that is going on, what I find encouraging is the sense on the part of nearly everyone that the city is being seen as a public realm, and not solely as a set of real estate opportunities. Indeed, in some ways this issue has been framed as a debate between those who would see Ground Zero as representing a public realm, and those who would see it as a real-estate opportunity. And this past summer, when the initial six schemes for the site were announced and then deservedly given the boot by an offended public, the message the public was trying to send was that cash flow was not supposed to dominate – that this was a public place with great symbolic import, and that the authorities had a responsibility to treat it as such.
It goes without saying that we could spend an entire evening talking about this situation, and this is not the place to tell the whole story, which of course is unfolding as we speak anyway, and has no ending. I am not even sure it has a middle chapter yet, let alone an end. But there are some important points to make about the relationship of the notion of social responsibility and architecture to the future of Ground Zero, and let me try, in the remaining few minutes, to say something about them.
Everything here, of course, connects to the notion of social responsibility, because this is not an ordinary piece of land, and whatever happens, all of us feel, correctly, that we have some stake in its future. There are people who have been calling for the rebuilding of the towers as they were, which I happen to think is the most inconceivable and indefensible idea imaginable, and there are people who have been calling for the preservation of all the sixteen acres as a memorial, as sacred ground, which I do not think is the correct thing to do but is at least understandable and defensible, even if it is ultimately not right. The most important thing to say now, I think, has nothing directly to do with design, although in another sense it has everything to do with design, and that is the importance of time. The slower we go, the better off we will be. Only now, more than a year later, can we begin to grasp what we are dealing with here.
If the original architecture of the World Trade Center demonstrated the great fallacy of America in the nineteen-sixties – the fallacy of size, the belief that bigger was always better, that American might and power could solve any problem – what we have been seeing for much of the last year, I think, demonstrates the fallacy of America in the nineteen-nineties and beyond, which is the fallacy of speed, the belief that faster is always better. Faster is not better when you are trying to get beyond tragedy, because it denies the reality of mourning, and of human nature, which is that psychological wounds take as much, if not more, time to heal than physical wounds. The only part of this process in which speed is important is in getting help to people directly afflicted – families, affected businesses, and so forth. I am not talking about going slowly so far as these needs are concerned. I am talking about going slowly so far as building is concerned.
After all, almost everything that was said in the immediate aftermath of September 11th was wrong. Certainly the statement made by the developer who leased the towers, Larry Silverstein, that he wanted to rebuild them in the form of four fifty-story towers was utterly wrong, just as were the cries to rebuild the World Trade Center as it was. And in time, I suspect, we will also come to feel that the opposite demand – that we build nothing there, ever, and preserve the entire site as a memorial – is also shortsighted, however respectful its intentions. The reason is simply that it looks only backwards, only to the lives of the thousands of people lost and to their families, and it would leave us with a permanent void in the center of the city.
For a while, a void is exactly right. It is what we need. That is another reason I am making so much of the idea of time – because what is right for now is not necessarily right for three or four or ten years from now. For as long as we look downtown and feel a sense of shock, of surprise, at the absence of the towers, we will know it is not yet time to build again. I do not believe that this feeling will last forever, nor should it. There will come a time when we are no longer shocked at the void, when we are not surprised that the towers aren't there, when we expect to see nothing there except a hole – and then it will be the time to build again, when the site everyone calls Ground Zero will feel less like a place of death, and more like a construction site. For those whose families died there, this time may never come, though we cannot be sure. But I know that the power of the site to suggest death will fade over time, at least somewhat – sort of like a uranium half-life, it will lose its potency, in stages, though it will never disappear completely. But as that happens, we will move gradually toward thinking that the ways in which we can respect the lives of those who died there, and the ways in which we can respect the future of the city and build toward it, need not be entirely incompatible.
The terrorists wanted to destroy our civilization, which they believed represented evil, and if we believe they are wrong, then it is our duty to rebuild that civilization right here, on this piece of land. To do otherwise is to allow the site of the World Trade Center to belong forever to the terrorists, even if we think by leaving it unbuilt upon we are sanctifying it for our own lost souls. I believe we can build anew here in a way that acknowledges not only the lives lost, but the pain and rupture that survivors feel. There is nothing to be gained from smoothing over the rough and cruel edges of history here. We can try to make this site a place in which the ongoing life of the city is confirmed, but that does not mean that we need to make it cute and pretty. A great memorial is uplifting, but it does not deny pain, and this site must, first and foremost, have a great memorial that will find some form of metaphor to express the horror of what happened not just to us, but to future generations who did not live through September 11th.
Those of us here in this room, and others who experienced September 11th, represent less of a challenge to the designer of a memorial, since we have our own memories to guarantee that we will have a powerful emotional response. The test of a great memorial is not its ability to evoke meaning from those who lived through what is being memorialized, but for those who did not. Shards and pieces of steel, the remnants of the World Trade Center, should be re-erected as a part of a memorial, since it is important to acknowledge the power of ruins – but they are only a part, and I suspect they may be more meaningful to us, with memories of September 11th, than they will be for future generations.
I hope that we build ambitiously, and daringly. If we respond with the conventional, then we have failed to grasp the meaning of this moment, and the depth and resonance of its challenges. By ambitiously and daringly I don't mean that we need to build spectacular architecture, though I would very much hope that we can. I'm not talking about architecture so much as I am talking about thinking. It is too soon, really, for architectural specifics; this is a fallacy behind so many of the plans we have seen lately, including the ones published, I have to say, in my former newspaper. One of the things that defines social responsibility on the part of the architect is knowing when not to make architecture, when to hold back. I am not sure that a festival of famous architects' favorite shapes is the most responsible thing for the profession to do. In some ways it looks more like a high-school science fair than a mature response to a problem.
Architects, understandably, have been as full of passion as anybody else about this. But the reality is that we need time, we need to grieve, we need to work out the issues as a society – and, first and foremost, we need to figure out what we want to do with this piece of land. This may seem like a heretical thing for an architecture critic to say, but I am not convinced that you start with architecture. I think you start with a program. There is still no real final program for the World Trade Center site. There was an initial program, the awful program of the Port Authority, which was to put back all the office space and add even more retail space and treat the whole thing like a cash cow into which you add a token memorial. Well, as I said, we know what the public's response to that was, and I'm glad of it. But we do not yet have a revised program. It is just beginning to be figured out. And I am not sure that figuring out this program is what architects are best suited for. Sometimes, as I said, the way you exercise social responsibility is by knowing what not to do.
That does not mean that we do not need to imagine – we do, desperately. It is just that I don't think that you imagine well with a gun at your head, and I don't think you imagine well by starting with physical form. If all you have is a hammer, then everything looks like a nail, goes the old adage, and architects lately have been looking like guys with hammers. I would hope that they could wait, and join in the dialogue as citizens, talking about what would be best in terms of program, not starting with buildings.
People are always asking me what I think should happen there, and I do have some thoughts, but they are only the beginning. They focus mainly on the skyline, since on September 11th something was taken away from New York, and from the world, that turns out to have been beloved by all kinds of people, more than most of us may have thought, beloved even by those who did not admire the World Trade Center as a piece of architecture – and that is the entirety of the skyline itself, the skyline as an aesthetic object. Nothing means more than the loss of human life on September 11th. But for many people, particularly those who are lucky enough to have been spared loss in their own families, the destruction of the skyline was itself a painful, even a devastating, thing. We are shaken by the way the skyline has been violated, devastated by its loss, all the more since without the World Trade Center, we do not have the romantic skyline of slender towers that we had before the trade center was built, the great classic skyline of old, but instead, only a kind of boxy blur. We need to restore the sky to lower Manhattan. We need to have a skyline again.
This, perhaps, is where the bold gesture can be made – not in another skyscraper, which we do not need and cannot pay for, but in a great tower, perhaps a broadcast tower or an observation tower that can push up once again into the sky. It can be in itself a memorial, or a part of the memorial, and if we call it the memorial tower, that will be a far greater way to show that those people whose lives were lost will be remembered than if we leave the land vacant. We need, I believe, a twenty-first century Eiffel Tower for New York, a tower that will use the technology of our time as aggressively and inventively as Eiffel used the technology of the nineteenth century, and use it to produce a tower that I hope will be as beautiful. Programmatically it will not replace the World Trade Center, but it will, in its own way, repair the broken skyline, and reclaim the sky.
Whatever we build, will be there for a very long time. This is the first great urban design challenge of the twenty-first century, and it is an opportunity to show social responsibility, in part, by showing commitment to a place. Architecture is about the conservation and extension of culture, and about the making of place, and about the way the generations work together over time to give places deeper meaning. If we believe in a place, then architecture follows from that belief. And now, of course, almost everyone believes in Ground Zero, whatever they feel should happen there. But we also believe in New York, and we want whatever is built, however much it may have other social goals, also to have a stake in the preservation and strengthening of this place, the city itself. And here it is important to say that the value of the culture, in New York if not to some extent everywhere, lies in newness and creativity as much as in preservation. We do not conserve the culture only be preserving – that is the crucial paradox here, that we conserve best, sometimes, by being new.
Lewis Mumford once wrote that "In a city, time becomes visible." It is a wonderful and profound comment, for it embraces the whole possibility of time, time past, time present and time future. When time is not visible, a city is not real — it is Williamsburg, it is Disneyland. When we only preserve, or when we build new only to look old, we deny a sense of time. It's essential, I think, that we always think of preservation not as denying a sense of time, but as being done to enhance a sense of time, to enhance a sense of time's visibility.
Architecture is about the long term. Maybe that's what it comes down to, in the end: architecture is about the long haul. It's here to say that something that mattered yesterday still matters today, and more important, will still matter tomorrow. It can matter in different ways, and mean different things, from one generation to the next, but it is still a way in which the generations speak to each other.
And the way we have to speak, the way we have to continue speaking, is by creating, by nurturing the new and giving it room to breathe. Creativity is a form of social responsibility, then: creativity and social responsibility are not different things at all, but parts of the same mission. Creativity is how architecture makes itself matter, and how the generations take up the tradition of using architecture as a means of speaking to one another. The generations have spoken passionately to each other for two centuries here in Baltimore as well as in New York, and if there is any essential architectural goal today, it is not to make one kind of building or another, but to make sure that the dialogue continues into the next generation and the generations after that, and to remember that the highest form of social responsibility architecture can aspire to is creativity. Yes, architecture matters – and the way it matters is by creating resonance over time.


Trying out a little now & then feature; sharing my son's style with you. He's six and a half & takes a bit of an interest in his clothing, so I thought it would be nice to make this a new category on The World of Kitsch.
Mod haircut in a mini-size, cut by Clare at Vintage Rocks, Belfast. I highly recommend the parlour, especially for making kids feel relaxed and very grown up.
Limited edition, Sailor Jerry, Converse slip ons Bought a couple of years back in advance on eBay, brand new. Can't recall what I paid for them.
Jeans, guess where? Yes, H&M Kids winter 2014 again. About £9.99 and much nicer quality for that price than supermarket or Primark.


text:
IT WAS GOOD MATCH PRACTICE
James Moody
United manager Mark Robins was pleased how his side conducted themselves against Notts County's first team, to come from behind to win 2-1.
The Iron line-up featured young prospects from the academy, with many putting on good performances – and second year apprentice Jack Dyche netting the winner at Meadow Lane.
"In spells, we gave a really good account of ourselves," he told The Iron PlayerHD.
"Everybody put a good shift in. It was a scrappy game and the referee was very lenient with the tackles whereas next week in the league there would certainly have been a different level of punishment.
"It was a typical pre-season game, with a little bit added. It was a physical at times for the young lads that we have got. We had plenty of experience as well in Mirf (David Mirfin) and Joe (Anyon) and the back and Darius (Henderson), Sean McAllister and Gary McSheffrey in the side.
"We put Nate Sithole in the middle of the pitch, who is only 16, along with Jack Dyche and Noel Burdett. It is good experience for them in a good stadium and it gives them an experience of playing in front of a crowd. It was a decent experience for them."
The Iron manager rotated his squad once more following a game just 48 hours prior and with a home match against Lincoln City to follow he highlighted the importance of recovery time in this crucial stage of pre-season.
"The players need game time," he continued.
"You know when you come to a game like this and knowing there was a game tomorrow, we had to use it as an extra game and it gave some others to get a chance to play. With us having a game on Wednesday, it forced our hand a little bit as well, with little recovery time between the fixtures.
"It's good practise. To win the game is great. We created some decent chances and their goalkeeper has made some really good saves. They've hit the post and Joe Anyon has made a few blocks.
"That was their first team and we had a sprinkling of players, with some from our academy, which I was delighted with. They showed a bit of promise in there. Young Nate came on and looked likely and got straight in.
Darius Henderson netted his first goal in claret and blue to bring the two teams level, with Mark happy with his 70 minute contribution since joining just over a week prior to the fixture.
"I'm pleased for him," he stated.
"When you're a striker, you want to get on the scoresheet and he has done that. Jack Dyche slid the other one in and it was good match practise and it was a difficult team considering the balance of the teams, but we handled it quite well."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Home Health Unravelling the mysteries of long COVID
Unravelling the mysteries of long COVID
Sarah Hughes. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
Three previously healthy people in their 30s are still dealing with symptoms months after being infected with COVID-19. As Australia rolls out its vaccination program, sufferers are calling for more recognition of this emerging condition.
"It's no life," says Sarah Hughes.
"Being sick and having pain every day at the age of 34, when this should be the prime of my life, is just very hard to deal with. And I think that's probably what causes me the most depression out of all of this."
It has been eight months since Sarah's role as a senior nurse in aged care brought her into the thick of Melbourne's second wave of COVID-19.
She fell ill with COVID-19 in July and has not been able to work — or even cook for herself — since.
She has suffered chronic pain, chronic fatigue, PTSD, blood clots in her lungs and a mini-stroke. She has been in and out of hospital a dozen times — at one point spending five days in ICU. On top of all that, she acquired bacterial pneumonia during a hospital stay.
Sarah Hughes says she can't get going in the morning with her cocktail of pills. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
Where she once administered medications to her patients, she now takes an array of tablets to get her through the first moments of her own day.
She says she feels like the Tin Man from The Wizard of Oz.
"He has to oil his joints. That's how I feel before I take my medications in the morning. I feel achy and creaky and sore.
"I'm on a vast range of medication that has unfortunately led to a few different side effects. One of those has been my teeth breaking down.
"I have a coffee and just lay in bed for an hour with a heat pack. And starting my day might be having a shower … sitting on the couch and perhaps doing a jigsaw puzzle, if I've got the mental energy for it.
"That compared to my life previously are chalk and cheese."
She says before she had COVID, she had no underlying health conditions except well-controlled asthma. She led a busy life in her dream job and spent time with girlfriends most nights of the week.
Each day it takes Sarah an hour or two to get out of bed.
"I've had friends who have almost dropped off the face of the planet because they're not sure how to deal with me," she says.
"It's almost like they're dealing with some form of grief or noticing the difference in me, because I was so active before.
Sarah does jigsaw puzzles when she has the "mental energy for it". (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
"I was always at work or going out and socialising. They just said I'm a completely different Sarah. And they found that really hard."
The day we visit Sarah she tells us it's taken her most of the morning to get ready for our arrival, taking rest breaks in between having a shower and doing her make-up.
Unable to work, Sarah tries to keep herself occupied with jigsaw puzzles. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
She's a fan of dogs. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
Putting the pieces of the puzzle together. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
During our interview there are a number of occasions where Sarah trails off, losing her train of thought. She calls this "brain fog" and it's another commonly reported symptom among COVID longhaulers.
Sarah has had a dozen visits to hospital. (Supplied: Sarah Hughes)
She has relied on the support of family for the last eight months, and says without them, she would have needed carers to come in and help clean her house, cook and look after her.
"I used to run meetings and training sessions and things like that. There's no way I could do my job, because even sitting here with you now, in my own house, in my comfortable surroundings, I still am forgetting what we were talking about," she says.
"It's the hardest part to think [this] would be in my life for the rest of my life."
Cat Georgie has been keeping Sarah company. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
Sarah is calling for greater recognition within the medical community of long COVID as a legitimate condition.
"When I was in a mental health centre there was a doctor there, actually two doctors there, that seemed to not think it was a real thing. That seemed to think that it was all in my head. The pain wasn't really there. When actually, it really is, and this is a real issue," she says.
"And that's very hurtful."
'Even asymptomatic people are experiencing long COVID'
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI) in Melbourne are studying immunity in recovered COVID-19 patients.
Data provided exclusively to 7.30 from the COVID Profile study found a third of the 77 participants with COVID had "long COVID" — symptoms experienced weeks or months after the initial illness. A study published in The Lancet medical journal found 76 per cent of 1,733 patients surveyed had at least one of a range of possible symptoms six months on.
Dr Vanessa Bryant. (ABC News: Nadia Daly)
Vanessa Bryant, who is leading the project at WEHI said the most common reported symptoms were lethargy, loss of smell and taste and shortness of breath.
"So from our study, we found that 34 per cent of participants, of volunteers who have recovered from COVID, are actually still experiencing symptoms of long COVID in our study. So that's fairly significant. It's in line with global reports. But as we said, it was a surprise to us when we first started," she said.
"It's now pretty well established that this is a true phenomenon."
She said young, healthy patients who didn't suffer from a severe case of the virus could still be susceptible to the persistent symptoms of long COVID.
"Even asymptomatic people who had relatively mild disease are also experiencing long COVID," she told 7.30. The WEHI study is still open to new participants.
This is the emerging public health epidemic of long COVID, with trailing implications for workforce participation and demand on medical and disability services.
'Pain in my chest every single day'
Jason Garrick, 34, is in his element playing rugby. But running up and down the field has been much more challenging since he had COVID-19.
Jason has been struggling on the football field since having COVID-19 one year ago. (ABC News: Colin Hertzog)
"I got COVID early on in the pandemic," he says.
"I travelled to London on the ninth of March for a very dear friend's wedding.
"Like many Australians, we didn't really take it that seriously at that time, other than it was something that was happening somewhere in the world, and everything would be OK."
Initially asymptomatic, it took some time for him to show signs of the virus.
"I lost my sense of taste and smell. The cough was relentless … it was very hard to breathe," he says.
"There were times where I would need to move and one particular day … I went to pick up my phone to see what time it was. And I couldn't lift my arm. I then couldn't lift my head. And I had no energy and no ability to move."
Jason feels pain and tightness in his chest when playing rugby, an activity he says is "very important to me".
But it's the long-term symptoms that have the young Rockhampton lawyer puzzled.
He says after officially recovering from COVID-19 he continued to "have a sense of heaviness" in his chest, "bouts of fatigue, those kinds of things".
Jason had COVID-19 12 months ago. (ABC News: Colin Hertzog)
"I went back to the doctor, went back to my GP and talked to him about what I was experiencing. My GP then told me about a number of other examples, [people in] different regions, testing positive to different kinds of health issues that were never thought about at the time," he says.
"I was diagnosed with having ongoing complications with it but with no explanation."
He and his GP spent six months monitoring his symptoms.
"I always have a dull pain in my chest every single day. And I have, since I recovered from COVID, I have never stopped having chest pain," he says.
Jason at rugby training. (ABC News: Colin Hertzog)
He finds playing the sport much harder than he used to. (ABC News: Colin Hertzog)
He's concerned that he's still experiencing health problems one year after having COVID-19. (ABC News: Colin Hetzog)
"Whenever I try to push my body to do something that would normally involve some high-intensity interval training or running, anything that's high cardiovascular effort, I start to feel it in my chest, and it gets progressively worse.
"When I do something like rugby training, something that's very important to me … I feel this pain and this tightness across the top band of my chest, exactly where I felt the heaviness, where I felt the pain, while I was sick."
In October 2020, he went through a series of tests on his lungs and heart. They found nothing of note.
Jason still loves playing rugby. (ABC News: Colin Hertzog)
"The good news is everything was fine. But there is still … no explanation as to why I still have significant tightness around my chest."
Searching for answers
Associate Professor Lou Irving, a respiratory physician at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, is hoping to help patients like Jason and Sarah get some answers.
He runs a post-COVID clinic where a small group of doctors have regular follow-up appointments with patients who suffer ongoing disease.
Many report heart palpitations, breathlessness and fatigue. A few have unusual neurological symptoms such as disruption of taste and smell. The focus is on helping them deal with symptoms.
Brad Gebbie, who caught COVID-19 in July last year, is one of Associate Professor Lou Irving's patients. (ABC News: Nadia Daly)
Dr Irving's multidisciplinary team includes three GPs, a neurologist, exercise physiologist, sleep physician and psychiatrist, with other specialists brought in as needed.
"It's not always possible to tell whether this is a new, specific manifestation of viral infection or something in the background exacerbated by viral infection," Dr Irving says.
"I was conscious that we wanted to avoid making specific diagnoses … that was informed by experience with previous viral epidemics and pandemics.
"For example, encephalitis lethargica that seemed to follow the pandemic of influenza was one of the most baffling diseases of the 20th century and was never fully characterised.
"There are certainly features that we're seeing that we've not seen with previous viral infections, such as isolated neurological findings. Pain in one arm, for example, change in smell, a change in memory and thinking.
"But we're also seeing symptoms that kind of follow any infection, such as fatigue, such as lack of energy, sleep disturbance, mood disturbance."
'A psychological impact as well'
Brad Gebbie has had ongoing health issues since having COVID-19. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
One of Dr Irving's patients is ICU nurse Brad Gebbie, 32.
He contracted COVID-19 at the end of July 2020, and both his wife and two-year-old daughter later swabbed positive too.
While those two did not experience symptoms beyond the initial period of infection, Brad experienced an ongoing sore throat, headaches, breathlessness, heart palpitations and fatigue.
ICU nurse Brad Gebbie. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
"So my COVID was quite mild. There was never a time where I kind of felt like I was on my deathbed, as such," Brad says.
"I just felt really, really unwell within myself, just didn't feel very motivated to do anything.
"Compared to what I was seeing at work where we had young and old coming in with COVID — most of those ended up on life support — it was obviously nowhere near that stage."
After a staged return to work with lighter duties, he began to notice he physically wasn't back to where he had been.
"It wasn't until around December that I became more aware of just doing simple things, like a bit of gardening at home, nothing too strenuous, [and] I was just short of breath," he says.
"And there are times when I felt like I was having palpitations, as well. So that was kind of my trigger to think maybe I should have some follow-up after this virus."
Brad has three kids. His two-year-old daughter also had COVID-19. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
Brad says it was in December when he became aware he was short of breath after doing simple tasks. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
He says he feels "quite down" when the kids want to play with him but he doesn't have the energy. (ABC News: Daniel Fermer)
He says he has felt relieved to have access to Dr Irving's clinic. And he's been lucky. There are few specialist services for post-COVID patients, thanks largely to Australia's success in containing the pandemic.
"There is still this ongoing fatigue, which does come in waves," says Brad.
"A few weeks ago, there was a period of about three weeks where … I was falling asleep during the day, which I never did. And being home with young kids kind of makes you feel quite down because the kids want to play and you just don't have the energy or just can't be bothered playing with them.
"So it's had a psychological impact as well."
Reporter: Nadia Daly
Producer: Xanthe Kleinig
Photography: Daniel Fermer and Colin Hertzog
Digital production: Myles Wearring
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Content marketing has proved to be vital for businesses and will continue to be so in the coming years. Content marketing improves customer loyalty, boosts engagement and brand awareness. In the past, having a content marketing strategy was an option, but now it's essential to an effective website, as well as, a driver of business growth.
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text:
class Minced < Formula
  desc "Mining CRISPRs in Environmental Datasets"
  homepage "https://github.com/ctSkennerton/minced"
  url "https://github.com/ctSkennerton/minced/archive/0.2.0.tar.gz"
  sha256 "e1ca61e0307e6a2a2480bc0a1291a2c677110f34c3247d4773fdba7e95a6b573"
  head "https://github.com/ctSkennerton/minced.git"
  # tag "bioinformatics"

  bottle do
    cellar :any_skip_relocation
    sha256 "a216985fb9de6c65592a71c336ce839bcf6369a9be4555a0144e1ea10eaa78b5" => :el_capitan
    sha256 "b2a6011525aeaeec87cb6585076aa6eb73b082af726560204be829381c5bed90" => :yosemite
    sha256 "0fd88dba11618543b5862298780961df12d0e9cb6f353ffdc173004e8d403839" => :mavericks
    sha256 "47c01ab05039209cc26031aaafe3a16e7a5685714de26ec789fb0e7c6654e514" => :x86_64_linux
  end

  depends_on :java => "1.8"

  def install
    system "make"
    libexec.install "minced.jar"
    bin.write_jar_script libexec/"minced.jar", "minced"
    pkgshare.install Dir["t/*"]
  end

  test do
    (testpath/"test.fa").write <<-EOS.undent
    >CRISPR Escherichia coli UTI89 886538..887045
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAATGACGCCATATGCAGATCATTGAGGCGAAACC
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAAACGTTCGCACCGGTCAGGGTACTGCGCAGCGT
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAAGAAACCAGAGCGCCCGCATAAAACAGGCACAA
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAAGCCAGCATAAAACCGCCTTTGATATTTTATTG
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAATCAGCCGGAGGCTCTCAATTTCAGCCGCGCGG
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAAAGCACGGCTGCGGGGAATGGCTCAATCTCTGC
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAATGATGGCGCAGCAGTCCTCCCTCCTGCCGCCA
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGCTTAGAAACTGAACGTTGAAGAGTGCGACCGTCTCTCCTT
    GTTCACTGCCGTACAGGCAGTATTCACA
    EOS
    assert_match "1\t507\t9", shell_output("#{bin}/minced -gff #{testpath}/test.fa")
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Shop talk - Your online newletter about dangerous waste and pollution prevention.
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I am making a decision to do something I honestly did not expect to do. I am deciding to do some part-time study at least over the Summer. I will initially use OUA and then maybe do something part-time work with TAFE OTEN. This was an unlikely path because my graduation ceremony was so recent. It was for my Bachelor of Business and Commerce (Marketing). The reason to choose this is because I have not yet found a job in the four months after I finished university. Great experiences were made in that time including ALSF, MYC, an internship at Nad's, continued work in Toastmasters, attendance at a lovely church, and attendance at Rotaract. This shows I have always tried to be doing something because I need to be busy. I am passionate about marketing and really do want a job that could lead to it. So I also tried for admin jobs. My job hunt will definitely continue. Maybe a potential employer will see my blog, see my enthusiasm, and hire me. But I need more to do until then.
One option is to officially learn the difference between advertising and marketing. I did a marketing major, but never an advertising one. People often assume these two are completely the same. But advertising is purely communication, right? It includes a press release, a TV ad, it's the tangible communication around us. My eventual glamorous marketing job could revolve around advertising. But marketing at uni was not just theoretical, it was all about managerial decision making. So marketing includes understanding the behaviour of customers, researching about then, targeting an actually needed product to a specific group, pricing it so this group can afford it, distributing to give access to the product, and communicating so people know about it. Advertising was referred to in my major. But we practiced creating plans, not advertisements. I want to know this difference inside out. Most of all, hopefully I will get more practice practically writing advertising. I don't know if a short course is the right way to do it. But I need to keep busy and trust my instinct.
Another option is to learn more about administration. That might get my foot into the door of administration (maybe). Admin is a popular starting place to then move into other departments in an organisation. These jobs show us how the organisation is run. I have almost a year of experience in administration specifically in insurance. But this may not boost me enough above people who are actually certified in administration. So I could do a unit or two in admin. Once again this may be the right or wrong choice. But I need to do something and trust my gut.
This plan feels safe because it will only be external and maybe later part-time in person. I am still searching for a marketing or admin job with great enthusiasm. I am happy to apply and interview with whoever wants me. My primary goal is to find a job. I'm just doing something else as I simultaneously search for it. We hear all the time of people finding success after initial struggles. That is why I have great hope in the rest of the year. 2012 has been truly rewarding and fulfilling. There will be a path for Melanie Suzanne Wilson.


text:
Oman	Overview
Where is Oman located?
What countries border Oman?
Oman Weather
What is the current weather in Oman?
Oman Facts and Culture
What is Oman famous for?
Food and Recipes: Rice, dates, fish, fruit and meat are staple foods. Omanis eat their meals on the floor or ground, the dishes... More
Family: Omanis are tribal people and the family is the center of their life. The woman's role is domestic while the men's... More
Fashion: Omani men wear the traditional dishdasha, an ankle-length robe. On their heads they wear a skullcap or turban. Omani women wear... More
Recreation: Camel racing and horse racing are popular sports. Hockey and target shooting are also popular. The Boy and Girl Scouts... More
Oman Facts
What is the capital of Oman?
Capital	 Muscat
Government Type	 absolute monarchy
Currency	 Omani Rial (OMR)
Location	 Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and UAE
Language	 Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
Oman Demographics
What is the population of Oman?
Ethnic Groups	 Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African
Nationality Adjective	 Omani
Nationality Noun	 Omani(s)
Population	 4,664,844
Population - note	 note: immigrants make up over 40% of the total population, according to UN data
Population in Major Urban Areas	 MUSCAT (capital) 743,000
Predominant Language	 Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
Oman Government
What type of government does Oman have?
Executive Branch: chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister HAYTHAM bin Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said (since 11 January 2020; note - the... More
Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal; note - members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote More
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Oman dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for... More
National Holiday: Birthday of Sultan QABOOS, 18 November (1940) More
Constitution: 1996 (the Basic Law of the Sultanate of Oman serves as the constitution); amended by royal decree in 2011 More
Independence: 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese) More
Oman Geography
What environmental issues does Oman have?
Overview: Oman occupies the southeastern corner of the Arabian Peninsula. Oman has three distinct topographical regions. The first consists of two... More
Climate: Oman's climate is one of the hottest in the world. Temperatures reach 130°F in the summer from April to October... More
Border Countries: Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km More
Environment - Current Issues: rising soil salinity; beach pollution from oil spills; very limited natural fresh water resources More
Environment - International Agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection,... More
Terrain: central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south More
Oman Economy
How big is the Oman economy?
Economic Overview: Oman is heavily dependent on oil and gas resources, which can generate between and 68% and 85% of government revenue,... More
Industries: crude oil production and refining, natural gas production, construction, cement, copper More
Currency Name and Code: Omani Rial (OMR) More
Export Partners: Japan 22.1%, South Korea 19.9%, China 15.2%, Thailand 12.6%, Taiwan 5.5%, Singapore 4.7%, US 4.4% More
Import Partners: UAE 27.6%, Japan 16.7%, UK 7.4%, US 6.9%, Germany 5% More
Oman News & Current Events
What current events are happening in Oman?
Interesting Oman Facts
What unique things can you discover about Oman?
When a child loses a tooth they face the sun and throw their tooth as far as they can while they say
"Oh mighty sun, take this tooth, play with it, and do not forget to bring it back."
In 1970, Qaboos bin Said Al Said ousted his father and has ruled as sultan ever since. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world and has preserved a long-standing political and military relationship with the United Kingdom.
Oman Travel Information
What makes Oman a unique country to travel to?
The Sultanate of Oman, a land of great natural beauty on the southeast corner of the Arabian Peninsula, has a long and proud heritage. Oman has seen rapid economic and social development in the past four decades. A monarchy governed by Sultan Qaboos bin Said, the country has a bicameral representative body (the lower house of which is directly elected), which provides the government with advice and is empowered to draft and review legislation. While Oman is traditionally Islamic and Islam is the state religion, Omanis have for centuries lived with people of other faiths. Non-Muslims are free to worship at churches and temples built on land donated by the Sultan. The economy is largely dependent on the production and export of oil and natural gas, but is becoming increasingly diversified. Excellent tourist facilities are available in the major cities of Muscat, Salalah, Sohar, and Nizwa, and can increasingly be found elsewhere in the country.
The incidence of street crime is low in Oman; violent crime is rare by U.S. standards, but can occur. Crimes of opportunity remain the most likely to affect visitors. Visitors to Oman should, therefore, take normal precautions, such as avoiding travel in deserted or unfamiliar areas and after dark. Visitors should also protect personal property from theft. In particular, valuables and currency should not be left unsecured in hotel rooms. Common sense and caution are always the best methods for crime prevention.
Do not buy counterfeit and pirated goods, even if they are widely available. Not only are bootlegs illegal in the United States, if you purchase them you may also be breaking local law.
While you are traveling in Oman, you are subject to its laws even if you are a U.S. citizen. Foreign laws and legal systems can be vastly different than our own. In some places you may be taken in for questioning if you don't have your passport with you. In some places, it is illegal to take pictures of certain buildings. In some places, driving under the influence could land you immediately in jail. These criminal penalties will vary from country to country. There are also some things that might be legal in the country you visit, but still illegal in the United States. You can be prosecuted under U.S. law if you buy pirated goods. Engaging in sexual conduct with children or using or disseminating child pornography in a foreign country is a crime prosecutable in the United States. If you break local laws in Oman, your U.S. passport won't help you avoid arrest or prosecution. It's very important to know what's legal and what's not wherever you go.
Persons violating Oman's laws, even unknowingly, may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Penalties for possessing, using, or trafficking in illegal drugs in Oman are severe, and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines. Oman prohibits pornographic materials and firearms. Local law limits each traveler to two bottles of alcohol. Items subject to confiscation at the airport due to content considered culturally inappropriate include, but are not limited to, compact discs, digital video discs, and video and audiocassettes. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender travelers should review the LGBT Travel Information page.
While some countries will automatically notify the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate if a U.S. citizen is detained or arrested, that might not always be the case. To ensure that the United States is aware of your circumstances, request that Omani police and prison officials notify the U.S. Embassy as soon as you are arrested or detained.
There are a number of modern medical facilities in Oman. Local medical treatment varies from quite good to inadequate, depending in large part on location. Many Western pharmaceuticals can be found in Oman. Hospital emergency treatment is available. Doctors and hospitals often expect cash payment for health services.
There have been no instances in which U.S. citizens or facilities in Oman have been subject to terrorist attacks; however, the Department of State remains concerned about the possibility of terrorist attacks against U.S. citizens and interests throughout the region. U.S. citizens in Oman are urged to maintain a high level of security awareness. The State Department suggests that all U.S. citizens in Oman maintain an unpredictable schedule and vary travel routes and times whenever possible. U.S. citizens are also urged to treat mail or packages from unfamiliar sources with suspicion. Unusual mail or packages should be left unopened and reported to local authorities. U.S. citizens with security concerns are encouraged to contact local authorities and the Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy in Muscat.
Spontaneous and/or planned public demonstrations take place throughout the country from time to time in response to world events or local developments. Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can escalate into violence. U.S. citizens should remain attuned to readily available English and/or Arabic-language media outlets and avoid public demonstrations.
The United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) has advised that elevated regional tensions have increased the risk of maritime attacks being conducted by extremists to vessels operating in the Gulf of Oman, North Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and the Bab el Mandeb regions.
MARAD recommends vessels at anchor, operating in restricted maneuvering environments, or at slow speeds should be especially vigilant, and report suspicious activity. U.S. flag vessels that observe suspicious activity in the area are advised to report such suspicious activity or any hostile or potentially hostile action to COMUSNAVCENT battlewatch captain at phone number 011-973-1785-3879. All suspicious activities and events should also be reported to the U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center at the following toll-free telephone: 1-800-424-8802, direct telephone 202-267-2675, or TDD 202-267-4477.
Road conditions, lighting, and traffic safety in cities and on major highways are good. The condition of rural roads varies from good to poor. Travel between cities, especially at night, may be dangerous due to poor or no lighting, wandering livestock, and speeding drivers. The safety of public transportation is generally good. Taxis, mini vans, and small buses may swerve to the side of the road to pick up passengers with little notice or regard for other vehicles.
Local Laws and Practices: Traffic laws in Oman are strictly enforced and the consequences for violating them may be severe by U.S. standards. For example, running a red light results in a mandatory, non-bailable detention period of 48 hours, followed by confiscation of one's driver's license, vehicle registration, and car registration plate until the Omani judicial process is concluded, which may take as long as several months. Other common traffic violations that carry strict penalties, up to and including jail sentences, fines, and/or deportation, include: driving without a license, driving under the influence of alcohol, failure to wear a seat belt, talking on cellular telephones (other than using hands-free technology) while driving, speeding excessively, overtaking another vehicle, screeching a car's tires or failing to keep one's car clean. In the event of a traffic violation and fine, drivers should cooperate with police officers and should not attempt to pay or negotiate payment at the time of the traffic stop.
U.S. citizens considering driving in Oman are advised to familiarize themselves with the Royal Oman Police (ROP)'s procedures for road and traffic accidents (RTA) to reduce traffic jams, which are available on the ROP web site under "Minor Road Traffic Accidents." Note: Minor RTA are accidents causing minor damage to one or more vehicles that do not result in injuries, deaths, or material damage to public/private properties. Parties involved in such accidents should immediately move their vehicles to the side of the road.
U.S. citizens involved in accidents outside the Muscat area are advised not to move their vehicles from the accident location until the ROP gives them permission; moving a vehicle may be interpreted as an admission of guilt.
The use of European-style traffic circles is prevalent in Oman. However, unlike European traffic practice, the driver on the inside lane always has priority. A driver flashing his/her high beams is generally asking for a chance to pass. Turning right on a red traffic signal is prohibited.
Visitors should not drive without a valid license. Short-term visitors in possession of a valid U.S. driver's license may drive rental vehicles, but residents must have an Omani driver's license. To obtain an Omani license, a U.S. citizen must have a U.S. license that has been valid for at least one year or must take a driving test. Visitors hiring rental cars should insure the vehicles adequately against death, injury and loss or damage. Residents may insure their vehicles outside the Sultanate; however, third party liability insurance must be purchased locally.
Emergency Services: A modern ambulance service using U.S. equipment and staff trained in the United States was instituted in 2004 and has been assessed as very good. It serves most of the country. For all traffic-related emergencies, the Royal Oman Police can be contacted by dialing "9999."


text:
BlueStacks Allows You to Run Android Apps on a Mac
Thursday June 28, 2012 12:58 am PDT by Arnold Kim
BlueStacks announced a public alpha version of their Android App Player for the Mac today at Google I/O.
The company had originally released a beta version of their App Player for Windows back in March. The software allows users to run Android apps directly on their Windows PCs, and the newest version begins to extend that functionality to the Mac.
While the Windows version allows you to run any Android app without modification, the early Mac version seems to be limited to 15 initial apps that comes bundled with the download. The bundled apps include Air Control Lite, Alchemy, Basketball Shot, Drag Racing, Elastic World, Facebook, Glow Hockey, Guns'n'Glory, Paper Toss, Pulse, Robo Defense, Seesmic, Twitter, Whatsapp, and Zebra Paint.
Their support page claims that "in the very near future", they plan on opening the Mac version up to over 400,000 Android apps:
The BlueStacks App Player for Mac OSX (alpha) supports both Lion and Snow Leopard. You can test drive a fixed set of curated apps for the first release (alpha-1). In the very near future, BlueStacks will let you select from over 400,000 Android apps to play on your Mac.
The alpha version is available as a free download from the BlueStacks website.
gorskiegangsta
I'll admit, that I too am perplexed by this. What "amazing" Android apps don't already have an iOS counterpart?
Not the point. The point is that you'll be able to run mobile apps on your desktop/laptop OS - something you cannot do with iOS apps. Whether it's at all productive or useful is a whole another argument.
devinher
I don't really get this. Why would you want to run Android apps on a Mac? Doesn't Mac already have a much better selection of quality apps than Android?
chrismarle
Great, enlarged phone apps. Just what I needed on my Mac.
ChazUK
isn't most of the android apps riddled with spyware?
No. Just no.
faroZ06
Bringing apps that require a touch screen to a PC with a keyboard and mouse. Genius.
Console emulators? Google apps? Flash Player? Task Manager?
There are Google apps on the iPhone. As for the emulators.... jailbreak :D:D
FlameofAnor


text:
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CONVEYANCE,
CONVEYANCE, contracts. The transfer of the title to land by one or more persons to another or others. By the term persons is here understood not only natural persons but corporations. The instrument which conveys the property is also called a conveyance. For the several kinds of conveyances see Deed. Vide, generally, Roberts on Fraud. Conv. passim; 16 Vin. Ab. 138; Com. Dig. Chancery, 2 T 1; 3 M 2; 4 S 2; Id. Discontinuance, C 3, 4, 5; Id. Guaranty, D; Id. Pleader, C 37; Id. Poiar, C 5; Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t. The whole of a conveyance, when it consists of different parts or instruments, must be taken together, and the several parts of it relate back to the principal part; 4 Burr. Rep. 1962; as a fine; 2 Burr. R. 704; or a recovery; 2 Burr. Rep. 135. 2. When there is no express agreement to the contrary, the expense of the conveyance falls upon the purchaser; 2 Ves. Jr. 155, note; who must prepare and tender the conveyance but see contra, 2 Rand. 20. The expense of the execution of the conveyance is, on the contrary, always borne by the vendor. Sugd. Vend. 296; contra, 2 Rand. 20; 2 McLean, 495. Vide 5 Mass. R. 472; 3 Mass. 487; Eunom. Dial. 2, 12; Voluntary Conveyance.
CONVEYANCE OF VESSELS. The act of congress, approved the 29th July, 1850, entitled an act to provide for recording the conveyances of vessels and for other purposes, enacts that no bill of sale, moortgage, hypothecation or conveyance of any vessel, or part of any vessel of the United States, shall be valid against any person, other than the grantor or mortgagor, his heirs and devisees, and persons having actual notice thereof, unless such, bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation or conveyance be recorded in the office of the collector of the customs, where such vessel is registered or enrolled. Provided, that the lien by bottomry on any vessel, created during her voyage, by a loan of money or materials necessary to repair or enable such vessel to prosecute a voyage, shall not lose its priority or be in any way affected by the provisions of the act. See. 2 enacts, that the collectors of the customs shall record all such bills of sale, mortgages, hypothecations or conveyances, and also all certificates for discharging and cancelling any such conveyances, in a book or books to be kept for that purpose, in the order of their reception; noting in said book or books, and also on the bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation or conveyance, the time when the same was received; and shall certify on the bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation or conveyance, or certificate of discharge or cancellation, the number of the book and page where recorded and shall receive, for so recording such instrument of conveyance or certificate of discharge, fifty cents. Sec. 3 enacts, that the collectors of the customs shall keep an index of such records, inserting alphabetically the names of the vendor or mortgagor, and of the vendee or mortgagee, and shall permit said index and books of 'records to be inspected during office hours, under such reasonable regulations as they may establish and shall, when required, furnish to any person a certificate setting forth the names of the owners of any vessel registered or enrolled, the parts or proportions owned by each, if inserted in the register or enrollment, and also the material facts of any existing bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation, or other incumbrance upon such vessel, recorded since the issuing of the last register or enrollment; viz. the date, amount of such incumbrance, and from and to whom or in whose favor made. The collector shall receive for each such certificate one dollar. Sec. 4. By this section it is enacted, that the collectors of the customs shall furnish certified copies of such records, on the receipt of fifty cents for each bill of sale, mortgage, or other conveyance. Sect. 5. This section provides that the owner or agent of the owner of any vessel of the United States, applying to a collector of the customs for a register or enrollment of a vessel, shall, in addition to the oath now prescribed by law, set forth, in the oath of ownership, the part or proportion of such vessel belonging to each owner, and the same shall be inserted in the register of enrollment; and that all bills of sale of vessels registered or enrolled shall set forth the part of the vessel owned by each person selling, and the part conveyed to each person purchasing.
CONVEYANCER. One who makes it his business to draw deeds of conveyance of lands for others., 3 Bouv. Inst. n. 2422.
2. It is usual also for conveyancers to act as brokers for the seller. In these cases the conveyancer should examine with scrupulous exactness into the title of the lands which are conveyed by his agency, and, if this be good, to be very cautious that the estate be, not encumbered. In cases of doubt he should invariably propose to his employer to take the advice of his counsel.
3. Conveyancers also act as brokers for the loan of money on real estate, Secured by mortgage. The same care should be observed in these cases.
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text:
Q: Redirecting non www to www in CakePHP using app/webroot Gurus of So
I am trying to redirect any user that comes to http://domain.com to http://www.domain.com. I have found a bunch of different ways to do that on SO, but I need to make them fit the dynamic app config from CakePHP.
Currently, this is what my .htaccess reads:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine on
    RewriteRule ^$ app/webroot [L]
    RewriteRule (.*) app/webroot [L]
</IfModule>

I am running Ubuntu 10.04 on a Slicehost slice.
Any help is super appreciated. Thank you.
UPDATE - SOLUTION - Thanks to Rob Wilkerson
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On

    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.myapp\.com [NC]
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.myapp.com/$1 [R=301,L]

    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ app/webroot/$1 [QSA,L]
</IfModule>

A: From one of my own apps:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  RewriteEngine On

  RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.myapp\.com [NC]
  RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.myapp.com/$1 [R=301,L]

  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
  RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?url=$1 [QSA,L]
</IfModule>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Representatives from EMES are playing key roles in a new Horizon 2020 project researching the intersection of social enterprise, social innovation and rural action.
Two EMES institutional members (CSE at Roskilde University and CCS at University College Cork) are partners in the project to study Challenges and Opportunities of Structurally Weak Rural Regions in Europe RU. The new project is led by Prof Gabriela Christmann and Marie-Julie Jacquemot at the Leibniz Institute for Research on Society and Space (Germany).
The project's first conference was organised by Prof Tadeusz Stryjakiewicz, Dr Lukasz Rogowski and Wojciech Dyba at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poland (4 – 6 December, 2017).
There is a clear connection to the work of EMES in the project. This event was titled 'Social Innovations and Social Enterprises Acting Under Adverse Conditions' and the opening keynote was provided by EMES's newest Institutional Member (Sheffield Hallam University). Dr Rory Ridley-Duff used EMES's framing of the social economy and linked it to UN sustainable development goals to provide a context for further presentations by Prof Ewa Les (University of Warsaw, Poland) and Dr Prezemyslaw Nosal (AMU, Poland) on the Polish social economy.
Some highlights of the conference included presentations on advances in social innovation at the Columba River Gorge (by Darren Nichols, Portand State University, USA) and creative cultural spaces in Austria (by Martin Hollinetz, OTELO eGen, Austria). Darren Nichols work united 13 villages through the OneGorge project to prevent the closure of a bridge that would have damaged a fragile rural economy. It catalysed new forms of community action in partnership with the local university to bring resources to the rural communities of Portland.
Martin Hollinetz described the opening of, and impact generated by, a network of innovation spaces gifted by local municipal authorities in Austria, Italy and Germany to local people. In one case, children 'played' with 3D printers to catalyse a viable social enterprise that now exports 3D printing technology to other parts of the world.
There were fascinating contributions by Ariane Sept (Technische Universitat, Germany) on 'going slower' as a social innovation and Prof Marc Redepenning (Otto-Friedrich-Uniersitat, Germany) on 'spatial semantics'. In the case of the former, conference participants talked about 'deceleration' as a social innovation to understand the Cittaslow movement of towns. They seek to create an improved quality of life by countering the 'acceleration' embedded in modern lifestyles.
In Marc Redepenning's work, the concept of 'spatial semantics' was deployed to describe the social construction of norms in the way we give meaning to (and therefore use) social spaces. This connected well to the earlier presentation by Martin Hollinetz, who described how spaces gifted to a community without preconditions give it new meaning and enable residents to experiment more freely with community activities and project ideas.
The conference ended with a field trip to a social cooperative in the rural commune of Wagrowiec. This brought home the challenges of living in post-communist Poland after the collapse of many state-run farms. This rural district has created a social co-operative to provide employment for 30 people. The picture that emerged was one of concurrent top-down activity (by officers of the municipal authority and commune) and bottom up initiatives by founder members to create products and services for a local factory alongside cleaning and gardening services for municipal premises. Whilst we found that new employees are not members of the cooperative, there are founder members who bring in support from municipal authorities to sustain the project, create employment and organise education pathways for people marginalized in the labour market.
The field trip gave meaning to the papers at the start of the conference on human geography (by Dr Karoline Dmochowska-Dudek, Prof Jerzy Hanski and Prof Tadeusz Stryajakiewicz). They each highlighted different issues faced by rural regions, particularly in the east of Poland and the 'inner periphery' spaces between cities in west Poland.
The project will fund research into the role of social enterprise and social innovation in rural regions for the next three years. Ten PhD students have received bursaries to enrol full-time on PhD programmes in seven partner universities (from Germany, Portugal, Poland, Greece, Austria, Denmark, Ireland). We look forward to welcoming them all into the EMES research community at our PhD Summer School in Marseille (June 2018) and next EMES International Research Conference in Sheffield (June 2019).
We would like to thank Dr Rory Ridley-Duff for this account of the event and RurAction!


An overwhelming crowd of about 15,000 jammed the winding sidewalks in Riverside Memorial Park Saturday to view the art work in Images -- A Festival of the Arts. That was the biggest single-day crowd in the show's history, said Martha Grimes, an Images committee member. She credits the warm, sunny day day and threats of Sunday thunderstorms with the turnout.
Only a few people armed with umbrellas to ward off plentiful raindrops viewed the smaller number of displays on Sunday. Artists cleared out by 3 p.m. leaving only clean-up crews. There were no major problems with the juried show, which artists called "the best one-day show ever," Grimes said.


text:
Fincke är ett efternamn:

Personer
 Anni-Maija Fincke (f. 1984), finländsk orienterare
 Caspar Fincke (ca 1584–1655), dansk guldsmed
 Gustaf Fincke (ca 1510–ca 1566), svensk ämbetsman
 Gödik Fincke (1546–1617), svenskt riksråd, den föregåendes son
 Michael Fincke (född 1967), amerikansk astronaut
 Thomas Fincke (1561–1656), dansk läkare och matematiker

Danska efternamn

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Malta Business School's accredited programmes are eligible for funding under the Malta Enterprise Get Qualified scheme.
The Get Qualified is an initiative that supports the personal development of individuals for the achievement of qualifications and certifications required by industry. The incentive is applicable for individuals who are self-funded and who are following a course of studies leading to a certification, diploma, degree or post-graduate degree courses. Upon completion of the programme, you will be able to recover up to 70% of expenses on both the registration and tuition fee.
For more information on the 'Get Qualified' scheme you can contact us on 21311326 or by email on info@mbs.edu.mt. You can also visit the official site at www.maltaenterprise.com from here.


Benchley tries his best to demonstrate the routine one should follow to start the day right.
Humorist Robert Benchley offers a tongue-in-cheek lesson on how to avoid eye strain while reading.
After a new dog owner decides on which dog to buy at the pet store, this short soon becomes a lesson in how NOT to train a dog.
A humorous look at the problems people have trying to sleep.
A teen boy is given advice on what to do, and what not to do, on a date.
Short documentary presents the case that local schools in poor rural communities of Appalachia must provide an education that will improve people's lives directly such as how to farm correctly and what to plant so that they may eat better.
This Pete Smith Specialty showcases the Cristiani Family, a circus act. They mount and dismount moving horses and perform acrobatic feats while riding them.
MGM short has Joe McDoakes (Robert Benchley) walking into a gift shop where he wants to look at some magic tricks. A pro shows him the tricks so Joe takes this home to perform in front of his son but of course things don't go as planned. This is a pretty good short that manages to get a few laughs even though the screenplay is rather lazy and goes for all the obvious jokes. Of course McDoakes isn't going to be able to do the tricks and when he does do one it just gets him into more trouble. The ending is pretty nice but the real highlights are in the shop when the tricks are actually being done. Whenever watching magic tricks I always try to catch how they're being done and the ones here are without question the easiest I've ever spotted. The easiest one is the ball under the cup trick, which is done repeatedly here but it's very obvious to see how they're doing it because of being able to see the balls.


text:
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings, RecordWildCards #-}
import Network.Discord
import Pipes
import Data.Text
import Control.Monad.IO.Class

main = runBot (Bot "TOKEN") $ do
  with ReadyEvent $ \_ -> do
    liftIO $ putStr "Hello, World!"
  with MessageCreateEvent $ \msg@Message{messageAuthor=User{userIsBot=bot}} -> do
    liftIO $ print msg
    unless bot $
      fetch' $ CreateMessage 188134500411244545 (pack $ show msg) Nothing


Wood notes on the nose and flavor has nice mix of agave, earth and wood. Lasting finish. Overall an enjoyable Anejo, but not the best value in my opinion.
Smooth and sweet. Easy on the eyes and palate.
Whiskey!! Loads of barrel with a little dry/bitterness on the finish but not as much as you would expect from the nose.
Hate to say it but it would be more appropriate to rate this against fine cognacs, it just doesn't have any agave left. With that out of the way....this is completely amazing for an Añejo, just needs a cigar and fireplace.
I like the aroma and flavor this tequila has. I would recommend it for sipping with friends.
Not a fan. Expected it to be more smooth for an anejo.
Aromas found in this exquisite Tequila are Dark Chocolate, Spice, Agave, Ripe Fruit & Coffee. Has a Richness, Complexity & full Agave Flavor yet Very easy to DRINK. Make sure to open & let it air for a Bit. Value is AMAZING! Definitely get a Bang for the Buck. This Tequila out beats many of the ones in the high end prices. Salud to the Master Distiller German Gonzalez for creating this GEM!
$64 Very scotch-like taste making this quite refined. Bold finish will encourage chest hair growth.
Best tequila in the range. Scotchy presence but it compliments the tequila. Very nice amd savory.
Strong intense flavor. I could not distinguish the fruits and herbs. Busy. Smooth.
The scotch of tequilas. Having a hard time figuring out if I like or love this stuff. Has a finish that's hard to describe. Unique for sure. This is a gateway tequila for scotch drinkers. Especially the nose.
This is a good tequila in many aspects. Decent aroma with a strong burn and very high oak throughout. Honey and honeydew flavors...with a small hint of apricot (I know, but that's my judgment and I'm sticking with it).
Strong bourbon finish. Smooth. Flavorful.
I breathed into my Reidel and got a rich hit of cinnamon on the inhale.
This delicious whisky-like drop is one of my favourite Tequilas. I've already bought 2 bottles this year, and I stock it in my bar.
One of the nicer anejos to be had. Well balanced all around.