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Published on June 20th, 2010 | by Harmonist staff
Whose World?
The following is an excerpt from Seyyed Hossien Nasr's Noranda lecture delivered in Montreal, 1967:
In a world exhibition whose theme is "Man and His World," "La Terre des Hommes," and which is devoted to a display of the different aspects of man's life and activities, it is perhaps not futile to pause for a moment and pose the question who is this man to whom the world is said to belong, the world or the "earth" that he has conquered yet is on the verge of destroying at the very moment when his conquest seems most complete. Modern man feels at home on earth, or rather would like to feel at home completely in this world, in contrast to the traditional Christian man or men of other civilizations who nearly always felt as a traveler in this world and a stranger upon the earth, which they considered as but a temporary abode. Yet even modern man cannot totally evade or forget his inner yearning for the abode beyond, his urge for the transcendent, or remain oblivious to the fact that the more he tries to become a completely terrestrial being, a creature of this earth, the more does the earth seem to crumble from under his feet and the more does he seem to fall out of harmony with the earthly environment. It is a paradox that the more man has tried to become "natural" during the postmedieval period, the more has he lost harmony and contact with nature to the extent of endangering his own existence within it.
Let us not forget that today the predominant axis of man's knowledge of things, his science, is earthly and terrestrial. Modern man learned the laws of the physics of the earth from celestial physics and astronomy. The laws of motion of Newton were based on the laws of planetary motion established by a Pythagorian Kepler who significantly enough spoke of these laws, specially the third law, in a work entitled Harmonia Mundi. And once these heavenly laws were relegated to the level of terrestrial physics, this physics itself became the model of other forms of knowledge. Today it is this "earthly" physics that seeks to understand the constitution of the "heavens" and therefore to obliterate the meaning of heaven, at least physically. Today all of modern man's science is "terrestrial," yet he cannot obliterate the metaphysical and symbolic significance of "heaven," of the "celestial" whose imprint he bears deep within himself. And so when man no longer makes spiritual flights or ascensions into the heavens in the manner of a Dante, he has the mystique to fly with a capsule into planetary space-in the same way that when he no longer climbs spiritual mountains, he tries to desecrate and debase physical mountains by "conquering" them. Or when the majority of men no longer practice those authentic spiritual disciplines that make the veritable vision of the transcendent world possible, they use mescalin and LSD with the hope of gaining such a vision without undertaking the necessary travail, self-negation. and discipline. Although outwardly now a complete creature of the earth and its master, and no longer the "half angel-half man" of traditional Christianity, this urge is deeply engraved in the very texture of man's existence and manifests itself in one way or another, sometimes even violently, when the natural and normal means are not open to it.
Man feels himself as the possessor of all things, as the unquestionable conqueror and master of all of nature as if he had created it himself. But this sense of possession and power is only too often combined with a remarkable lack of responsibility and realization of the right to life of other creatures. Man's domination is too often a prostitution of nature rather than its legitimate use. The voice of conservationists is raised here and there but is usually drowned in the much louder voice that in the name of human welfare wants to make man's mastery over the earth total and complete. irrespective of what this may mean for the earth itself and its creatures. It is here that one is faced with the tragic situation in which the very assertion of the unlimited rights and power of man over the earth makes man's life on earth ever more difficult and dangerous, leading in a direction that if pursued further might mean the very termination of both this domination and man's very life. One is reminded of the Koranic verses: "But the Devil whispered to him, saying: 0 Adam! Shall I show thee the tree of immortality and power that wasteth not away?" (20: 120, Pickthall translation), referring to a Faustian power that not only appears not to waste away but is always posing the danger of destroying him who would wield that power. Being no longer the custodian of the earth, and yet wielding power, man is in the danger of losing his mastery over it as well. It seems that man cannot really live peacefully on earth and be just an earthly creature. The loss of the transcendent dimension has made terrestrial life itself precarious.
Could one but conclude that a secular humanism of the type first cultivated during the Renaissance is basically contradictory and fallacious? That is, one cannot speak of man and defend his dignity and right independent of the "divine image" that has made him man and bestowed upon him both dignity and freedom. Otherwise, humanism is only a halfway house from the theomorphic conception of man to the infrahuman into which man is being dragged today through many of his own inventions and creations. He who wishes to speak about man better concern himself about the whole of man or not speak at all. And he who wishes to speak about man and his world must of necessity first consider who is man and in reality whose world one is speaking about. Without penetrating into these questions and discovering the appropriate answers the hope for a harmonious relation between man and his world is dim indeed, and so many pictures of the further and more complete conquest of nature in the future become nothing but a chimera and dream, for within man lie forces that no "earthly" science, even if it is extended to the Pleiades, can ever understand or unravel or control.
Modern science may enable man to know how he is constituted chemically or biologically or where he is in galactic space. But this form of science cannot tell man who he is, where he was before his earthly existence, and where he will be after it. It cannot reveal to man where he stands in what has been called existential space, in the hierarchy of universal existence. It therefore cannot provide for man "orientation," for to orient man's life means to know where he comes from, where he is to go, and most of all who he is.
13 Responses to Whose World?
Citta Hari dasa
Wonderful article! I especially liked this point:
The loss of the transcendent dimension has made terrestrial life itself precarious.
There is great wisdom and insight in this observation and in recognizing the necessity of transcendence in a successful terrestrial existence, a point all too often missed in today's fever of scientific/industrial conquest of nature.
I have been looking for a place to post some comments regarding God and Nature as they are seen in various traditions. This article seems like a good fit.
In many of the 'natural' religions we have the male and distant father God (known as the 'sky father' all over the world http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_father )as well as the female and close at hand mother Goddess, or mother Earth.
The Abrahamic religions minimize the value and importance of the Goddess in spiritual life, concentrating exclusively on the worship of the male aspect of the Divine. The Advaita school of thought has a similar approach. When I look at our Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition I can't help but wonder that the Goddess has been moved far away from us into the sky, where She is just as distant and unapproachable as God Himself. Some acharyas even tell us that we are not to sing Her direct names as part of our every day devotional practice, even as She is present in the Hare Krsna mantra (Srila Prabhupada says: "The word Hara is a form of addressing the energy of the Lord").
We do not even remotely try to see Radha in the world around us, in nature or earth. She has been sublimated and removed into the sky realm of our Divine Father. Thus, despite all the claims to the contrary, our Gaudiya tradition seems more like yet another form of male God worship, where nature and the world around us have nothing to do with spiritual life.
swami bv tripurari
Durga is a name for Radha. Nature is not unrelated to her, as she is the fountainhead of all sakti and nature is a manifestation of sakti–a maidservant of Radha. And in the form of nature she is also to be venerated. Granted nature is not her complete manifestation, but to say that she is completely removed from the world seems to ignore the bigger picture in which she is immanent as well as transcendent.
And Radha is also Bhaktidevi, giving herself to the world of jivas.
Thank you for finding time to respond to this, Maharaja. This is something that has been on my mind for some time, and I do realize that such thoughts are not really part of our tradition.
So… to go all the way on a limb… 😉
When Krsna leaves Vrindavana, Radha stays behind, absorbed in Her mood of 'natural' love. She does not follow Him to Mathura or Dvaraka, where Krsna is more like the male God of the Abrahamic religions. She does not go there to be His queen, to take place 'in the Sky', far away from what is a most natural way of life – not just for Her, but for all of us. To me that is also a larger metaphor, where our veneration expressed towards nature should be just as important as our veneration towards Krsna, as the seed giving father God figure. That is something I spoke about in connection with our discussion regarding protection of the environment and Hinduism. It simply is not there (seeing and protecting Nature as a worshipable Deity), or at best it is given a minor lip service. Hindus offer arotiks to their holy rivers while dumping raw sewage and wholesale industrial pollution into them, without as much as a second thought.
Yes, at best devotees see only Durga in Mother Nature – a harsh and cruel mistress that is more to be feared than loved. I do know our philosophy, and I do understand what it says, but somehow it rings untrue in this regard. I feel that the 'earthly' dimension of spirituality has been neglected in our tradition. We are worshiping the God and Goddess in the Sky, and both are far away from us, hidden behind various veils and layers of servants. That is what I perceive as the practical mood of our tradition. I do not see this mood as perfection of the natural ancient beliefs, but as yet another form of escapism and negation of the earthly aspect of our life that is (or should be) just as spiritual.
I belive that industrialization has taken its toll on GV, but that it's actual philosophy and practice in times gone by was reverent towards nature.
Shyamananda das
Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati Thakur said that we worship Krsna because Radharani likes him.
Kalpataru dasa
I'm with Kula Pavana on this one. The issue of accessibility of the Deity by a spiritual practicioner in our tradition is a bit problematic to me. In the patriarchal traditions God is a remote being who is seperated from this world. In the tradition where the female aspect of deity is more important, the deity is more accessible – either in the nature or on the emotional, psychological level. The Goddess is all accomodating, motherly figure, easly to access, who accepts the spiritual sparks as they are. So on the first sight our tradition seems to be more of the "Goddess type"; as Gaudiyas we focuse more on Radharani, but on the practical side she seems to be as remote as the "male" God, and as the result, our spiritual practice focuses on the austerity and the personal endevour (instead of "letting go" and opening to the Grace).
I would love to read Guru Maharaja's insights on this issue. And anyone else's too!:)
our spiritual practice focuses on the austerity and the personal endevour (instead of "letting go" and opening to the Grace).
How does chanting like a child calling out to its mother, to use Prabhupada's example, "focuse on austerity and personal endeavor instead of letting go and opening to Grace?"
Tadiya dasi
<blockquote In the patriarchal traditions God is a remote being who is seperated from this world. In the tradition where the female aspect of deity is more important, the deity is more accessible – either in the nature or on the emotional, psychological level. The Goddess is all accomodating, motherly figure, easly to access, who accepts the spiritual sparks as they are.
Here's my two cents.
1.) The Deity being accessible in nature.
Mahaprabhu saw his beloved Deity everywhere in nature. In his vision, the ordinary hills became Govardhana, rivers the Yamuna, and the grass and the trees became venerable teachers of humility and tolerance. And even when the world appeared empty and hollow in his separation of Krishna, even that emptiness was pointing him towards Krishna, revealing something of his relationship with the Deity.
So even if to our vision the Godhead seems far and distant — and one feels like one has been abandoned into the world by a remote Deity — that, too, can teach us something about the Deity and our relationship to the Absolute. Instead of blaming the Deity — perhaps we should look within and ask, Do I have the eyes to see him/her? Have I looked at the world deeply enough? Is God the one being "remote" or have I distanced myself from him/her? Even Jesus teaches that "one who searches, will find". One who looks deeply enough, will see.
2. The Deity being accessible on the emotional/psychological level.
Radha-Krishna are highly accessible to us in two ways: through Sri Guru and Sri Nama. Sri Guru is Krishna's kripa-avatara; God's mercy and compassion descending to our current reality. The Guru is Radha-Krishna coming to us in a human form, perfectly tailored to our specific needs. The Guru will relate to us on the emotional/psychological level, while of course taking us far beyond. If you have ever wondered if Radha-Krishna cares about you? Loves you? Look at your Guru — there's your answer.
In Gaudiya tradition much emphasis is put on the Name of God. The dharma that Mahaprabhu taught us has often been called "the Nama-dharma." I cannot think of a more accessible and merciful Deity than the one that we have in Nama-Prabhu. There is absolutely no rules, no regulations, no restrictions on approaching the Deity in his form as Sound.
In this form, Radha-Krishna are putting themselves inside our mouths, dancing on our tongues (can't think of a more intimate place than the mouth — you don't let just anyone in there! 😉 Nama-Prabhu IS a Deity who is all-accomodating, easy-to-access, and meets us "the spiritual sparks" as you put it, just as we are.
But the Name is so merciful that although s/he meets us "as we are", we are not left as we are. Nama-Prabhu is taking the role of a sweeper inside our hearts and we are forever transformed. The Name does practically all the hard work for us. All we have to do, is let him/her in — open ourselves to Grace.
"Just call my name, and I'll be there." This is how accessible the Deity is for the followers of Mahaprabhu 🙂
You raise good points, Tadiya.
I would like to add that we should also locate Gaudiya Vaisnavism within the greater context of Hinduism. Radha, unlike other Hindu goddesses, is more identified with the prospect of the jiva in bhakti than with nature. While Gaudiya Vaisnavas identify with her, this need not be at the cost of appreciating nature, which is identified with her partial self. All of the Hindu sensibilities with regard to the natural world should be present in one who seeks to enter more deeply into her mystery. Understanding Radha involves understanding Durga. And understanding Durga, as it is with all persons, is best accomplished through love.
But the Name is so merciful that although s/he meets us "as we are", we are not left as we are.
This reminds of a nice quote I heard once: God loves us as we are, but he loves us too much to leave us as we are.
Erich Fromm talked about how motherly love is unconditional and there is nothing you have to or can do to achieve it, while fatherly love has to be deserved. If these two are in place we will feel good about ourselves yet be inspired to improve. Krsna mata, krsna pita, krsna dhana pran.
Wow, Tadiya, that's an answer! I like it very much.
Philosophically speaking, Gaudiya Vaisnavism understands God to be as much in the world (immanent) as he is beyond it (transcendent). Krsna mentions this in the 9th chapter of the Gita (9.4-5). Later in the 10th chapter he speaks first about his transcendence in the Gita's for essential verses and then for the balance of the chapter about his immanence. For those concerned about how to locate him in terms of his immanence and find in him an Earth grounded God orientation to spiritual life, this lecture may be helpful:
http://swamitripurari.com/2011/08/bhagavad-gita-ch-10-41-42/


The Readathon To Rule Them All was awesome two week, all fantasy reading challenge. The challenge rans from Sunday 29 April to Saturday 12 May. There was 8 challenges all up but the main aim of the readthon was to read as much SFF as you can cram into 14 days.
I had a ball with these challenges and I really hope Ashley and the team host another one of these!
I finished 6 of the challenges, completed three books and am in the middle of two which is I am pretty happy with. It's probably the most amount of pages I've read in two weeks this whole year so yay! Definitely count this as a success!
Here are the challenges. The ones I completed—which includes starting the book—are bolded below.
Fantasy book under 300 pages: A Court of Frost and Starlight by Sarah J. Maas.
Fantasy book over 1,000 pages: I currently don't own a fantasy book over 1,000 pages so I've decided as long as I read 1,000 pages over the two weeks this one is completed.
That's all for me. Comment down below and let me know if you took part in the challenge and if you did, which challenges did you complete?


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6 February 2019 - 19:25
Feb 6, 2019, 7:25 PM
Bahraini activist: Iran's Islamic Revolution inspiring
London, Feb 6, IRNA- A Bahraini political activist says Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution has inspired popular revolutions in the world.
"The Islamic Revolution is the biggest modern movement in the contemporary history that is still being used as a source of inspiration for other popular revolts around the globe," Saeed Shehabi, director of London-based Abrar Islamic Foundation (Abrar House) told IRNA on Wednesday.
Shehabi, who is also secretary-general of Bahrain's Freedom Movement, explained that the Islamic Revolution "has inspired not only the Bahraini nation but also the Arab Spring."
Since February 2011, Bahrain is grappling with a popular anti-government uprising that demands freedom, justice, freely-elected government and the release of political prisoners.
"Widespread popular support was Imam Khomeini's most important tool against the Shah regime," added Shehabi, saying, "Imam Khomeini managed to lead millions of people."
He called on all freedom movements in the world to "study the history and management of Imam Khomeini in leading the Revolution to victory."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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A modern home in Seattle's Rainier Valley
Credit: KUOW Photo/Joshua McNichols
Seattle gets a little more ambitious as it updates its growth plan
Joshua McNichols
It's been eight years since Seattle updated its comprehensive plan. That's the document that says where the city will allow new homes.
In that time, we've seen a dramatic population growth, a pandemic, downtown got knocked off its feet, we had protests against racial inequity, and there's a climate crisis.
All of those things are changing how the city thinks about growth going forward.
Every 10 years (it used to be every eight), cities across Washington are required by state law to update their comprehensive plans. Updated plans must be published by the end of 2024.
This week, Seattle's process of updating its plan reached a milestone, when it laid out exactly how big it's willing to dream (more on those details later).
First, a little context.
Comprehensive plans may sound like the esoteric musings of technocrats, but they're important, as they will help determine whether cities like Seattle become more exclusive and expensive than San Francisco.
Seattle's already on track to have more people than San Francisco by 2030 or 2035, according to Josh Brown, who leads the Puget Sound Regional Council. By 2050, Seattle will hit a population of one million. Brown says that, like San Francisco, Seattle's ability to spread out is constrained by geography (and in our region, a decision to preserve forests and farms) and so it must build up.
There are many reason the cost of new homes in the greater Seattle metro area have risen 48% since the start of the pandemic. One of the most imporant variables in that equation is how many homes get built, relative to the number of jobs added. Home developers have really picked up the pace in recent years, but in the long term, the region has added jobs much faster than it has added homes.
Seattle's current (and soon to be obsolete) comprehensive plan directs most of the city's growth to hotspots known as "urban villages." This has resulted in lots of small apartments, but very few three-bedroom homes that families can buy. Another result of this approach has been that lower density parts of the city are preserved in amber, although in recent years the legalization of small mother-in-law-apartments and backyard cottages has slightly increased the density there.
Still, the old plan is especially obsolete because the city has grown twice as fast as that plan projected, Seattle's long range planner Michael Hubner says.
A comprehensive plan update is where the city can course correct and set a new path. The city's new goal is to build a minimum of 80,000 new homes by the year 2044, or up to 120,000 new homes if elected leaders want to make the city accessible to people with a wider range of incomes.
This plan is not fully baked yet
Earlier this summer, during the "scoping phase," the city laid out which new ideas it's planning to study for potential inclusion in the new comprehensive plan. At KUOW, we described the different growth strategies as different kinds of cookies.
A post shared by KUOW Public Radio (@kuow)
Right now, the new comprehensive plan is kind of like cookie being baked in an oven. Early in the baking, the city asked for feedback on what should be in the cookies. That's like the baker opening the oven door and allowing people to spread shredded coconut on top, or raspberry glaze, or whatever topping they liked.
This week, it's kind of like the the cook closed the oven door and said, "That's it, no more toppings."
Enough with the cookies. Back to the growth plan.
The feedback for the comprehensive plan's scope came in the form of around 1,000 comments, most of those comments asking the city to think bigger, to allow for more kinds of housing in more places.
More housing would let Seattle not only meet future projected demand, but also cut down on the unmet demand that has helped drive prices so high and driven many people out of the city – especially Black, Indigenous and People of Color .
Several comments also called for better tree protections. A minority of commenters asked for less growth.
The city released its response all those comments Monday. In that response, we learned which cookies (strategies) will soon come out of the oven for us to poke at and taste. We learned how imaginative city officials are willing to be when it comes to future growth.
Here are a few changes since the city first floated its five strategies:
An idea to create tiny urban villages that will hereafter be called "neighborhood anchors" has become more specific. You know how, in Seattle, there are little pockets of restaurants and businesses nestled in residential areas? Many of these nodes grew up around streetcar lines no longer in service. Under the "neighborhood anchors" option, those areas would be opened up to apartment buildings five to seven stories tall within a three to four block area. For example, the planned light rail station entrances at 135th Street and 145th Street would become neighborhood anchors. West Seattle / Delridge would get eight new neighborhood anchors, and density would be a little greater in north Seattle, where there's a statistically lower risk of pushing people on limited incomes out. This idea is being sold as the most in line with the City Council's interest in "15 minute neighborhoods," where it would be easy to walk to a corner store to fetch milk rather than driving to the nearest grocery store.
"Focused" growth strategy
Credit: City of Seattle, November 2022
A strategy to add more density in areas dominated by single-family homes (sometimes with mother-in-law-apartments or backyard cottages) got a little more aggressive, too. In addition to allowing townhomes everywhere, the city's also considering allowing six-plexes: three stacked floors with two units on each, which could be apartments or condos. This change, if adopted, could have significant impact on homeownership opportunities for growing families.
"Broad" density growth strategy
An idea to increase the density along transit corridors has grown a little more robust. Now, they'll allow five-story buildings along corridors. And the city had redefined "corridors" as anything within a five-minute walk of frequent transit. This means that growth could happen not just on busy streets, but also on the next block or two, which are quieter. Also, land near entrances to major parks will be opened up to this kind of density to improve access to parks for people who can't afford single-family homes.
"Corridors" growth strategy
An option to pursue "all of the strategies above" (neighborhood anchors, denser corridors and broad density everywhere) added some juicy details. The most eye-catching of these is the prospect of high-rises in Ballard. To be clear, the city's not studying high-rises in Ballard yet, but this option would designate Ballard as an "Urban Center," like the University District, which opens the door to a later up-zone that could allow high-rises. This might sound like a big shift, but the neighborhood is set to be the terminus of a planned light rail line that may open before the end of this comprehensive plan's planning period in 2044. This option would also increase density around the 135th Street station to an Urban Village and expand footprints for many Urban Villages (not Ballard, as it already expanded recently).
Combined, or "all of the above"
The city's also looking at requiring new trees at all new developments, increasing protections for large trees, and requiring developers to mitigate the loss of tree canopy when an older tree is taken down. The city's also considering proactively cataloguing historic properties, perhaps to anticipate bumps in the development pipeline when a building or neighborhood's historic status could stall development, as it did with the Showbox downtown.
Some of the most potentially significant changes were mentioned in Monday's report but will require much more fleshing out. For example, city officials recognize the huge problem of displacement of minority communities. To that end, it's studying ways of bringing new development models to south Seattle that could help stabilize communities currently being torn apart by new, relatively expensive, development that existing residents cannot afford.
All of these ideas on the table are just ideas, for now. Not everyone's happy either: On Tuesday, many density advocates are expressing distress on social media that the city did not offer a more aggressive option.
On the other side, some will feel the city is going too far. However, the city will also study an option that maintains the status quo, continuing to house newcomers mostly in apartment blocks in existing urban villages.
The city will study all these ideas, so that the mayor and city council may choose their favorite strategies and decide how aggressive they want their housing goal to be. Those choices must be published in a new comprehensive plan update by the end of 2024.
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You are at: Home / Agora
In ancient Athens, the agora was where citizens gathered to hear news, discuss and, later, trade. The agora was the heart of the city's political, cultural and spiritual life. It is this spirit we hope to channel in this section of the website. Here, the Agora is a public forum for discussing events unfolding in Greece and beyond.
In May 2020, we also launched a podcast called The Agora, delivering insight from our own experts and analysis from special guests. If you enjoy intelligent, lively discussion and want the bigger picture, join us for a stroll through the Agora. Our show is hosted on Acast, but you can also listen to us here:
Posts on December 2015
Results 1 to 5 out of 8.
The year that Greece (nearly) saw it all
Since the Greek crisis began, the action has hardly stopped. But even by its standards, Greece managed to produce an inconceivable amount of news, speculation and uncertainty in 2015. It was the year in which Greeks went to the polls three times and were told they were on the verge of leaving the eurozone many more.
Categories: Greece (464)
Leaving Greece's annus horribilis behind
No one inside or outside Greece will easily forget 2015. With the change of government and the appointment of Alexis Tsipras from the leftist Syriza party as prime minister in late January, a six-month period of profound uncertainty about the future course of the country only ended when a third financial assistance programme was reluctantly agreed with international creditors in August.
Contributor: Jens Bastian
Categories: Europe (275), Politics (362), Economy (311), Greece (464)
No one has won in Spain
Spain is not Portugal, although we cannot completely rule it out. Brussels and Frankfurt want Spain to look like Germany.
Categories: Europe (275), Politics (362)
Greece and the IMF: An everlasting love-hate relationship
There are probably a number of officials in European capitals, and perhaps Washington, who have been scratching their heads over the past few days after the Greek government indicated that it would prefer the International Monetary Fund not to be involved in the country's bailout.
Categories: Politics (362), Economy (311), Greece (464)
Regling and Wieser: The key points
Two of the key participants in Greece's financing programme, the European Stability Mechanism's Klaus Regling and the head of the Eurogroup Working Group Thomas Wieser, gave interviews to two Greek Sunday newspapers in which they covered a wide range of issues relating to the latest developments in Greece.


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The Reality Revolution: People Are Tired of Being Marginalized
"We need to try and focus less on ethnicity in this country and concentrate on trying to improve the lot of the marginalized whoever they are." - Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi
African-Americans, Asians, Hispanics, Muslims, the LGBT community, and a collection of other minorities are tired of being marginalized in America.
(cartoon via USA Today)
They're fed up.
A recent poll highlighted this assertion by showing the popular candidates aren't the ones leading in the primary pack.
Republican Gov. John Kasich and Democratic candidate Sen. Bernie Sanders are the people's choice (national polls), but chances are neither will become president.
No one should be surprised that organizations like Black Lives Matter are stepping up and getting the message out (seeking equality) for African-Americans.
Asian have Ascend, a group that promotes their interests in America. It's full of useful information and contacts for Pan-Americans.
One of the fastest growing minorities in America, Hispanics have 21 various groups that support them in numerous ways.
One of the most oppressed minorities in the country today are Muslims. They have the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) to support them.
Still fighting for equality, the LGBT community has support organizations like Human Rights Campaign working to get their message out.
Reactions like this are becoming more commonplace.
Despite these organizations, progress has been slower than a snail climbing up a greased pole.
Listening to the hateful rhetoric being spewed from presidential wannabees only proves my contention: a lot of Americans are tired of being marginalized.
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Q: Send data to Realm object server from app I am creating an Android application in which I am using the Realm database to store data, and I am using the Realm object server to login and register user. I am able to log a user in using SyncUser and I am able to see that my login user has been stored in the Realm object server.
But now I have additional fields that I want to store - for instance, mail and age. I know how I'd store it in a different database but I don't know how to do this in Realm.

A: If you are talking about storing metadata about a user. That is not supported yet, but will be added soon. You can follow https://github.com/realm/realm-java/issues/4645. For now the workaround would be to save them in your own custom User Object.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Argyris Mah, LLP is a full service family law firm with three experienced and knowledgeable attorneys. We represent litigants' in all areas of family law, including divorce, legal separation, annulment, child custody and visitation, including move away cases, paternity, spousal support, child support, division of assets and debts, and grandparent rights. We also provide mediation services.
Argyris Mah, LLP is located in Willow Glen and practices family law throughout Santa Clara County, including matters in Gilroy, San Martin, Morgan Hill, San Jose, Sunnyvale, Saratoga, Cupertino, Mountain View, Campbell, Los Gatos, Palo Alto and Los Altos. Argyris Mah, LLP also handles cases in San Mateo County, Alameda County and Santa Cruz County.
At Argyris Mah, LLP, our goal is to guide family law litigants through the legal process as smoothly and efficiently as possible, with the understanding that court proceedings can be stressful and emotionally draining. We carefully analyze each case in order to determine the best strategy to protect our client's interests. While we believe that reaching settlement in family law cases is the most desirous result for all parties involved the majority of the time, should litigation become necessary, we are willing and ready to advocate aggressively for our client's in court. We understand that litigation can be costly and as such, we work as efficiently as possible and will not do any unnecessary work on clients' cases, nor will be proceed with any task without the full input and agreement of our client.
Divorce: Once you have made the decision to obtain a dissolution of your marriage, more commonly known as a "divorce," it can be difficult to determine what your first and subsequent steps should be. In California, and in each county within the State, there are specific laws, rules and procedures surrounding the filing of a divorce case. It is often helpful to have a San Jose divorce attorney guide you through this process even if the issues in your case seem simple as any procedural mistakes could prevent you from obtaining a filed Judgment of Dissolution.
There are four main categories of issues which are normally addressed as part of a divorce case. These are (1) Property Division, (2) Child Custody and Visitation, (3) Child Support, and (4) Spousal Support. The payment of attorney fees and costs, either based on need, or as a sanction is also a common issue in divorce cases. You either need to reach agreements resolving all of these issues, or the court will need to make orders on each issue in as part of the divorce case. It is always beneficial to litigants to obtain legal advice prior to entering into agreements or proceeding to trial on the above issues in order to determine what your rights are.
Property Division: California is a community property state. This means that all property, including assets and debts, acquired from the date of marriage to the date of separation are presumed to be community in nature. As such, each party is entitled to half of the value of each item of property and is responsible for half of all debts accrued. Any property or debts owned by either party prior to marriage or acquired/incurred after the date of separation are presumed to be the separate property of the acquiring/incurring party. Such assets/debts are not subject to equal division and are most often confirmed to the separate property claimant. Per California law, some community property assets may have a separate property component, due to separate property contributions or commingling of community property and separate property. The division of property can be complicated and often experts are needed to conduct tracings and accountings.
Custody and Visitation: We always tell our clients that California is a very "pro" 50/50 state. This means that unless there is a threat to the health, safety or welfare of a child, divorced or separated parents in California and in Santa Clara County in particular, most often share custody of their children. This is because pursuant to California law, children have a right to frequent and continuous contact with both parents. Santa Clara County and most other counties require litigants to participate in Mediation prior to having a judge make a decision regarding custody and visitation. The reasoning behind the Mediation requirement is that the parents of a particular child are the best equipped to determine what is in the best interests of a child. Of course, in some cases, there are legitimate safety risks to a child posed by either or both parents. In such cases, the court must protect the child and make orders according to his/her best interests. Custody and visitation are often the most contested and litigious issues in a divorce case, given their emotional nature.
Child Support: California uses a statewide guideline calculator to determine child support. Child support is based on numerous factors, including each parent's income, the timeshare each parent has with the children, payment of health insurance costs, contributions to retirement plans and tax deductions such as property tax payments and mortgage interest payments. Except in specific circumstances, as set forth in the California Family Code, the courts cannot deviate from the California guidelines. In addition to guideline child support, California law includes child care necessary for employment or employment related activities and uninsured health care costs and mandatory child support "add-ons." The cost of extra-curricular activities are also often share equally between parents.
Spousal Support: There are two types of spousal support or "alimony" as it is also known. The first is temporary spousal support, which is payable during the divorce proceedings and is intended to maintain the supported party at the "status quo," while the divorce is pending. The court has wide discretion in setting the amount of temporary spousal support based on the need of the supported party and the ability to pay of the supporting party. Often, the court will use the California child support guideline calculator to set temporary spousal support. At the end of each divorce case, the parties must agree on, or the court must set permanent spousal support. This is support that will be payable once the divorce is final. California Family Code Section 4320 sets forth the specific factors the court must consider in setting permanent spousal support. Spousal support is also often a highly contested issue, given the wide discretion that the court has in setting an amount and in determining the length of payment.
Attorney Fees and Costs: Per California law, a court may order one party to pay the other party's attorney fees and costs if the requesting party can show that the other party has access to funds to pay and has the better ability to pay. The court may also order the payment of attorney fees and costs by one party as a sanction, for actions that unnecessarily increase the costs of litigation, or frustrate settlement.
At Argyris Mah, LLP, our San Jose divorce lawyers can guide you through your divorce, custody or support case and the court's procedures, as well as provide you with sound legal advice regarding the specific issues in your case.
Fill out the contact form or call us at (408) 564-5674 to schedule your free consultation.


Very clean and fully functioning Williams Terminator 2 – Judgment Day pinball machine. No errors or issues. Flippers have plenty of power, game feels and plays almost like new. It has not been shopped, and no LED's have been installed.
There is one small play field blemish near the skull, on the Jackpot triangle insert, about the size of a pinhead, maybe a bit larger – a photo is included to show the blemish in detail.
Located in Harrisburg, PA. Email autosave@pinballer.info for more information or to schedule a viewing.


text: Q: Tables have turned or Tables are turned? I often get confused while using this idiom. Can anyone give the use case for each of them? Or is that only one phrase is correct among them and the other one is wrong?


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Sustainability expert witnesses may have varying backgrounds, as sustainability refers to the balance between the natural environment and its role as a source of sustenance for the population. Sustainability expert consulting may be relevant to several types of cases, such as those involving environmental services, real estate law, occupational medicine, mechanical engineering, architecture, construction engineering, or coastal and oceanography processes, as each of these disciplines pertain to human interaction with environmental resources and may become the subject of a potential lawsuit.
Sustainability expert witnesses may have experience with numerous environmental programs, such as recycling and waste management. As with any type of civil service, such programs must adhere to certain codes and compliance as a means of environmental sustainability, including those involving inventory control, proper methods of employee training, scheduling maintenance, and contract management, among other important issues.
Sustainability expert witnesses may also be asked to provide an expert opinion regarding a real estate development project, since construction building must work within the proper rules and regulations to promote efficient levels of sustainability between the project and the environment. Such issues as land use, zoning, and strategic plans must be implemented in a way that sustains the natural resources, as failing to do so may lead to environmental damage, as well as potential lawsuits.
ForensisGroup has been matching attorneys with highly qualified experts with great success for more than two decades. Call us today or fill out and Submit An Expert Request Form to retain a sustainability expert witness for your case.


The Year You Take Back Your Health!
I have been on this incredible journey through the nutrition world for 20 plus years. In this time I have had the opportunity to work in hospitals, gastroenterologists offices, sports clubs, community centers, addiction centers, taught Nutrition at the college level, and all along having the most amazing private practice shaped by my teachings. I have learned so much from my clients and I appreciate each and everyone because they have changed me in one way or another. I have grown and sought out answers when I didn't have them. I have worked alongside many teachers from many different backgrounds: therapists, others dietitians, doctors, acupuncturists, cranial sacral therapists, other healers, mindfulness meditation teachers, and trainers! Some I have even been clients with…seeking, always seeking! Most of what I have learned I have experienced either in myself or with a client overcoming a hurdle. I have been called a "hurdle jumper". I was once told that I can only teach because I have overcome + you learn from those who have been there. Since I was thirteen I have been fighting to be healthy! I am beyond grateful for what life has thrown me!
Somewhere through the years, I started seeing the disordered eating habits of my clients as a product of how they were raised or just how society expects us to think and act. They were taught to act this way. I started, becoming aware of my own truths… I started having ah-ha moments of clarity. My first office had a giant wrap around window so I could see people coming and going. I shared an office with a lovely woman who always had candy around; I loved candy. I would see clients back to back and rarely make time for myself to eat. There would be times when my clients would be late and I would get really anxious about this; I didn't want to have to cut their time short and I knew I had a client right after them. I also knew if they happen to be late it would be a good idea for me to grab a snack and if I didn't plan right, I would just grab a Butterfinger.
Then one day, while on the phone at my house I found myself standing in front of the pantry looking for something to eat. This was a huge moment for me because I was able to recognize the feeling I had on the phone was the same feeling I had when my clients were late, ANXIETY! And that moment changed me forever.
Awareness is amazing and that's when the real magic started to seep in and change my life.
To this day, I eat when I'm hungry not because my body has a craving or my because my mind is telling me food is a good idea. I wanted to find a way to get this conversation started where we accept and embrace our habits –lean into the mess of being so human and so similar. My passion for being healthy from such a young age lead me to nutrition. I loved learning about nutrition and food, but I was never passionate about it eating it. Not because I don't love to eat but because I saw food and nutrition as the magic pill. The science behind disease and diet, the science behind our bodies and its health is my real passion.
I would always wonder why are people afraid of food, don't they see the power it has? Food is a drug and there is a line between too much being bad and too little not being enough. The key is moderation, so why wasn't everyone clued into this?! You can't quit food! So I had to dig and seek and I found Neuroscience, Meditation, Quantum Physics, and Spiritual Psychology. Through the years I have taught whoever will listen about triggers, pleasure-seeking mind-sets, and hiding behind food, drugs, alcohol and other addictions when they become vulnerable. I call this THE KIM SHAPIRA METHOD.
As this year ends and a new one begins I am inspired to create and maintain a challenge for anyone who wants to jump on my bandwagon. This program is designed for you to champion yourself. This is your challenge, your March. My job will be there to hold your hand and to guide you, support you and to inspire you to maintain your commitment to yourself. Please invite your spouses, children, friends, co-workers, family and anyone else who needs a little inspiration! We can all meet up on my Facebook Page Kim Shapira M.S., R.D.
Everyone of us is different and has different needs, but at the core we play the same games. Let me introduce to you the Kim Shapira Method… the Mindful Method. You want your best life! You want your best health! It's time to step into it!
One of my clients years ago taught me that this quote really means the reason she can't leave the cage is because she doesn't know what's on the other side and because she's comfortable and familiar with what she knows, she will choose to stay inside. My number one challenge for you is to set your intention on getting uncomfortable. Trusting it's temporary. Trust this process. Let's go…..
Starting on January 1st we will begin the 365 day rebirth of your Body, Mind and Spirit!
It's simple: Taking back your health is really about hearing your own truth and speaking that same truth. It's about breaking free from what other's think of you and how you and think about food, your body and health. It's about standing in your own lane and choosing you!
Each focus point will progress over a 4 month period. There are no failures here, only wins, when you show up for yourself you win!
The year 2018 marks the start of new beginnings. In numerology predictions it's an eleven year- and eleven is significant for change and innovation. It's the year for rebuilding and restructuring, let this be the year you take back your health. This is the year to take action toward your dreams! My intention is to help you build a new foundation from which you can build a normal relationship with food, nutrition and your body!
Every month there will be a new focus point and in this month there will be a weekly challenge, every 4 month the focus will shift from your Body to your mind to your spirit. Each week will be cumulative so at the end of the end you can look back and know with gratitude you took action 52 times in the right direction. My hope is that I make you think a little less narrow mindedly and that you inspire others along the way. Can you imagine actually sitting down at the dinner table free from worry and fear? Can you let food take its place in your life as only one important topic?
I recently came across an old letter I got from a student of mine at CSUN where he thanked me times a million- he wrote, "becoming self aware of what I'm doing to my body has given me results that are motivating me to continue to be healthier!" and to quote another client who said, "the depth of knowledge I didn't know I didn't have has been life changing!" I hope to teach you some of the things I learned along the way, to put some wonder in your mind and add some major integrity in your step.


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Keudelbach ist eine Wüstung im Westen des Gebiets der Gemeinde Kirchheim im Landkreis Hersfeld-Rotenburg in Nordhessen.

Lage
Die Siedlung befand sich an bisher nicht genau identifizierter Stelle im Frielinger Grund, wahrscheinlich nördlich von Frielingen im Tal des Kisselbachs, vermutlich etwa bei .

Geschichte
Der Ort wird 1388 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt und war 1427 bereits wüst. Er war Besitz der Abtei Hersfeld als Lehnsherr, gehörte zum Gericht Niederaula und war meist, gemeinsam mit Heiligenborn und Armederode, als Zubehör eines Burgsitzes in Hattenbach bzw. eines ursprünglich mit diesem verbundenen Ritterguts in Frielingen verlehnt. Er kam 1648 mit dem säkularisierten Fürstentum Hersfeld an die Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Wüstung im Landkreis Hersfeld-Rotenburg
Geographie (Kirchheim, Hessen)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home » Benayad-Cherif Joins CRDN as National Sales Manager
Benayad-Cherif Joins CRDN as National Sales Manager
CRDN, an international franchisor for industry-leading textile and electronics restoration specialists, has added Rami Benayad-Cherif as National Sales Manager.
Prior to joining CRDN, Benayad-Cherif served as a global business intelligence analyst for The Juice Plus Company, working with over 20 countries across four continents. Benayad-Cherif also served as Manager of ServiceMaster's Claims Capture Unit and Digital Sales, implementing process improvements and enhancing customer service through technology and automation. He received a Bachelor of Science in Resource Economics from University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
As National Sales Manager for CRDN, Benayad-Cherif will work directly with CRDN franchisees and sales staff in the Atlantic Northeast, ensuring the needs of insurance companies, restoration contractors and policyholders are met.
"We're extremely excited to have Rami on board at CRDN. His focus on improving operational efficiencies, boosting customer service and providing leadership to CRDN's local, account management teams will help us reinforce our #1 goal for CRDN; to help home and business owners recover from a loss as quickly and painlessly as possible," said Steve Gibson, CRDN's Executive Vice President of Sales.
"In order to support the needs of our clients and customers, CRDN service providers must have their finger on the pulse of the insurance industry. Rami will be that link between our franchisees and our industry partners," continued Gibson.
Even after nearly 20 years, CRDN continues to grow its textile and electronics restoration service offering. "Rami's background as a business analyst will provide our franchisees in the Atlantic Northeast with the national support required to continue along this positive trajectory," said Gibson.
Swierz joins CRDN as Regional Operations Manager
CRDN Adds Director of Training, National Sales Manager
CRDN Names New National Sales Manager
Murray named national sales & operations manager for CRDN
2022 National Renovation & Insurance Repair Estimator
National Red Guide - A Step by Step Guide to Disaster Recovery
CRDN - Textile, Electronics, & Art Restoration
Restoration Manager


Hazel Noranett Kalama "Zsazsa" Bishaw, 77, of Kaneohe, a licensed practical nurse for Palolo Chinese Home and a homemaker, died in Kahaluu. She was born in Honolulu. She is survived by son Chance K.; daughters Barbara H.M. "Bobbi" Bishaw-Gramberg and Deidre N.K., Rene, Perri K. and Pomaikailani H. Bishaw; 13 grandchildren; and 14 great-grandchildren. Visitation: 5:30 p.m. Wednesday at Hawaiian Memorial Park Mortuary. Services: 7:30 p.m. Scattering of ashes: 10 a.m. July 20 at Kaupo Beach, Rabbit Island. Online condolences: hawaiianmemorialparkmortuary.com. Additional service information for an obituary published Thursday.


3 - I will surely organize some events ....and I hope you will be there !!!
4 - I love you all !!!!
7 - If you have any idea to make this forum moe funny !!! Let's go !!!
♥nly Genuines © Ninth Life :: Gossip News !!! :: Only Genuines...Introduction...introduce yourself !


Did you know that using the word "video" in an email subject line boosts open rates by 19 percent? And click-through rates by 65 percent?* Video content will be the driving factor behind 85 percent of search traffic in the U.S. by 2019, according to AMA.org. According to the AMA, "Whether it's Snapchat, Instagram or Facebook, video content on social media is what marketers need to focus on in 2017." The word is out, and many CEOs of small and mid-sized businesses have already taken note.
"The introduction of social media has made it very clear that video has a more substantial place in the marketing efforts of smaller companies," says Glenn Lock, Owner of TachLock Video Services.
Charlie Connell, Principal, Punch Advertising, says, "At Punch, we utilize video for everything from training our clients how to use the tools we build for them to telling their stories and launching new products we develop for them." The VACEOs member explains, "We're generally engaged to help our clients create brands, support existing ones, build awareness about a new product or service, or help them gain market share." Video helps them do just that.
JJ White, Franchise Owner, Dale Carnegie Training, and Great People Show Podcast Host, uses every medium available to him for his show, including podcasting (audio on iTunes, Google Play, Spreaker, Stitcher, SoundCloud, etc.), vlogging (Facebook Live, YouTube, etc.) and, of course, radio.
Tom McCormick, President of American Electrical, Inc.
The new reality is that your audience is increasingly expecting video content. So start experimenting through social media and your websites. And check out our next post, in which we'll share specific video tips and ideas to help you optimize your efforts.


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Home News & Headlines Latin America Canada sends armored vehicles to Haiti to deal with "gangs and violence"...
Canada sends armored vehicles to Haiti to deal with "gangs and violence" in the country
El Gobierno de Canadá envía vehículos blindados a Haití MINISTERIO DE DEFENSA DE CANADÁ 11/1/2023
The Government of Canada has announced this Wednesday that the Canadian Armed Forces have transported armored vehicles to Haiti to deal with the insecurity crisis facing the Central American country.
The Canadian Foreign Minister, Mélanie Joly, and the Defense Minister, Anita Anand, have reported that the Executive has thus responded to the Haitian government's requests, according to a statement.
"Today, a Canadian military plane arrived in Port-au-Prince to transfer the armored vehicles to the Director General of the Haitian National Police," the ministers explained, criticizing the "increased violence in the country."
"We have made it clear that Canada will not stand idly by as gangs and their supporters continue to terrorize Haiti's vulnerable populations with impunity," Joly said.
The Executive has indicated that these vehicles will support the Haitian National Police "to combat gang violence against Haitian citizens that prevents the provision of critical services and humanitarian aid."
"As a firm partner and ally of Haiti, Canada remains committed to supporting the Haitian people in their fight for a peaceful and prosperous future," reads the letter, which has emphasized Ottawa's "diplomatic" and humanitarian efforts to the country.
The head of Canadian Defense has also thanked the members of the Canadian Army who have participated in the airlift in which the aforementioned vehicles have been transported "for their dedicated service".
Joly, in turn, has called on the international community to "follow her example" and "help the Haitian people confront" the violence.
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Driving Under the Influence (DUI) is an area of law that is constantly evolving. Rad Deaton works diligently to stay apprised of the most recent judicial decisions concerning DUI laws and strive to apply all knowledge gained to each case in the effort to obtain a favorable result for each and every client. Each case is different mostly because the facts of each case are different. However, the one constant that a client of the Deaton Law Firm can bank on is that Rad Deaton meticulously reviews the facts of each case in an effort to explore any and all possible defenses.
Under South Carolina law, getting a driver's license means that you are impliedly giving your consent for police officers to test you for your blood alcohol content upon request. If you refuse, the law states that your license is automatically suspended for six (6) months. The law does not, however, say that you are giving up your rights to vigorous legal representation. At the Deaton Law Firm, L.L.C., in North Charleston, South Carolina, our experienced DUI defense attorney takes your defense very seriously. If you have been charged with driving with driving under the influence or driving with an unlawful alcohol concentration (DUAC), we are ready to help protect your driver's license, your rights, and your freedom.
Contact us right away if you or a family member has been charged with DUI, because you need to start your defense immediately. Rad Deaton takes a creative approach and uses aggressive strategies to challenge the DUI arrest and fight for the best possible outcome for you and your family. Whenever possible, that means forceful challenges to have the field sobriety evidence and the breathalyzer test results thrown out for cause. Our objective is always to have your DUI defense case dismissed or reduced to a lesser traffic violation. Even where the prosecutor's case looks solid, we fight to help you keep your driver's license and find an alternative to jail time.
After being charged with DUI or DUAC and you have either refused to submit to a breath test or if your breath test results are .15 or higher, you have only 30 calendar days to schedule a DMV administrative hearing to challenge your automatic driver's license suspension that results. Be aware! The DMV in South Carolina takes this 30-day period seriously. If you or your attorney does not request the hearing, you will lose all rights to challenge that suspension, and your driver's license will be suspended for six (6) months for a refusal and thirty (30) days for a result of .15 or higher. We can represent you at the administrative hearing and keep you on the job and on the road.
Don't throw away your rights. Contact us to tell us what happened and ask any questions you may have about what will happen next. We provide the personal attention that will give you the peace of mind that your DUI defense attorney truly is on your side.


Assemble to create with Series Special Edition , a great item from Lego. In my opinion you will like that the item comes with this feature, explorer measures over 5" (14cm) long in rover configuration, over 7" (19cm) tall in robot configuration. Other highlights include for age 7 - 14 and sea serpent measures 13" (33cm) long. To get the best offer for this Atalntis Lego set as well as other Atlantis Lego sets, check out our partners via the button below.
Searching the darkest depths of the ocean floor for the red Atlantis treasure key, the undersea explorer engages the huge guardian sea serpent! but transforming into a giant robot, with torpedo launcher and grappling arm, the undersea explorer is more than ready to defend itself! While in rover configuration, the undersea explorer doesn't stand a chance.


Great Britain's team pursuiters once again showed they are the best in the world with a dominant performance in both the men's and women's disciplines during the Manchester round of the 2017/18 UCI Track World Cup over November 10-12.
Having qualified fastest and progressed through the first round, GB's men's pursuit line up of Ed Clancy, Steven Burke, Ollie Wood and Kian Emadi swept aside Denmark in the gold medal final with apparent ease, posting a blistering time of 3-55.847 to Denmark's 4-01.535.
British national champions Team KGF also made their way into the final rounds, riding against France for the bronze medal. However, the crowd were denied the rare chance of seeing two British teams on the podium as France got the better of the British quartet.
There was a similar show of dominance in the gold medal final for the women's team pursuit, which pitted GB against Italy. The British line-up of Katie Archibald, Elinor Barker, Neah Evans and Emily Nelson clocked 4-16.803 to provide a convincing win against Italy, who crossed the line with 4-21.562 to take silver.
Japan completed the women's TP podium after beating Germany in the bronze medal final.
Further success came via the women's Madison pairing of Archibald and Barker, who claimed victory in the event which will be included in the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo.
On Friday, Archibald had also claimed silver behind Jennifer Valente (USA) in the women's omnium – a highly successful weekend for the Scottish rider.
One highlight of Sunday's action was Australian Matthew Glaetzer set a new record for the fastest kilometre time trial ridden at sea level, clocking an impressive 59.970 in qualifying.
Glaetzer went on to win the event, with Britain's Callum Skinner, riding for 100% ME, claiming bronze.
Round three of the five-date 2017/18 UCI Track World Cup takes place in Milton, Canada, over December 2-3.


Jul 24, 2017. 12 Easy Ways to Rid Yourself of Acid Reflux. 10 Ways to Make Living With Acid Reflux Disease Easier. Woman holding her stomach. Article.
How To Get Rid Of Acid Reflux Naturally –. – There are a number of diet and lifestyle factors that cause frequent acid reflux, and there are multiple things you can do to help acid reflux other than taking medication.
Remedies to Get Rid of Heartburn If you suffer from heartburn, you've probably scoured the Internet for tips on how to get rid of heartburn. You will find a number of over-the-counter drugs that may do the trick.
Nov 6, 2018. This article investigates which drinks will make it worse, and what you should. Learn other ways to prevent acid reflux, including some lifestyle changes. of acid reflux, they should visit their doctor to rule out other conditions.
McDonald also notes that too little acid rather than too much is a common cause of acid reflux. A low amount of stomach acid can damage your stomach tissues over the long run, which contributes to esophageal reflux.
Jul 25, 2017. But for those who suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, Chew Gum: People experiencing GERD can get some relief by. Strain them out and pour the tea into a mug, adding honey or lemon as preferred.
Heart Burn No More If you would like to learn how to treat your acid reflux and heartburn permanently without drugs. Heart Burn No More is Money Back Guarantee with No Questions Asked.
Aug 1, 2017. Acid reflux is traditionally treated with proton pump inhibitors, that can. and treat the unique cause of their acid reflux so they can get rid of it.
Acid reflux cannot be considered as a disease in itself. It is not an extremely serious condition, nor a dangerous one. But it can definitely spoil your life to such an extent that you just no longer understand what to do about it.
Overproduction of acid in the stomach that is crucial for digestion of food can once in a while, make you feel uncomfortable and causes acid reflux.
Then of course, you get a reflux of acid into your esophagus. If you want to try out the simplest home remedies for heartburn first, try letting a few bananas ripen.
The College of Arts, Sciences, Business and Education (The College) at WSSU engages in innovative teaching, robust research, and service to North Carolina, the nation, and the world.
Heartburn or acid reflux often occurs in both children and adults. The digestive acids from your stomach get back into the esophagus – the organ that has the role of transporting the food to the stomach.
An estimated 7 million Americans are plagued by symptoms of acid reflux, and the number only keeps getting higher (1). While many people turn to OTC.
Apr 3, 2019. Natural remedies for acid reflux including diet, supplements, and aloe vera syrup. But first, let's get back to why you might want to consider treating acid reflux. Check out this anti-inflammatory guide to avoiding heartburn.
Learn about GERD (also known as acid reflux or heartburn) from the. The doctor may use tiny tweezers (forceps) in the endoscope to remove a small piece of.
Oct 1, 2018. Approximately 20% of adults in the U.S. have gastroesophageal reflux disease. Learn about six things you can do to better manage your acid.
Lifestyle Changes to Get Rid of Acid Reflux. Eat smaller, more frequent meals. In order to prevent acid reflux, start eating smaller portions, and more frequently throughout the day. Lose excess weight. Obesity is one of the main causes of acid reflux. The extra weight puts pressure on your esophagus, causing stomach acid to rise back up. Diet and exercise may eliminate symptoms without requiring further.
Feb 12, 2018. Learn why you might be feeling that way and find out what to do about it. If you have acid reflux, you might experience the following: Burning.
Feb 14, 2019. If acid reflux symptoms happen more than twice a week, you may have acid reflux disease, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease.
11.) Baking Soda to Get Rid of Acid Reflux. Baking soda is an effective remedy to get rid of acid reflux. Take a tablespoon of baking soda mix it in a half cup water. Take it when acid reflux problem happens, it will give you relief and it will help you to get rid of acid reflux. Baking soda is not at all tasty in taste, but it is really very effective remedy for acid reflux.
It can help ease any number of stomach discomforts including acid reflux, motion sickness, and heartburn. Plus, this natural remedy is easy to make. Add 4 – 5 thin slices of ginger Root to a cup. Add hot water and allow to steep for at least five minutes before.
Don't worry about that, anyway if you follow my blog, we will get rid of your medicines with diet. That's why I am there for you. 3. Acid Reflux to the Bateria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) These bacteria cause ulcers in the stomach. Proper tests and natural treatments are mentioned below to fight off this bacteria. 4.
Aug 8, 2018. Getting rid of acid reflux, acid reflux disease, or GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) is about changing your lifestyle and eating habits.
Jan 22, 2017. Acid reflux is when stomach acid gets pushed up into the esophagus. An estimated 14–20% of all adults in the US have reflux in some form or.


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Accendo selected for the prestigious GAIN program by MDEC (Malaysian Digital Economy Corporation)
Program designed to catalyse the expansion of Malaysian and Malaysia-based technology companies that have the potential to become global players.
Press release: Kuala Lumpur, May 15, 2020: Accendo Technologies, a leading provider of talent management, assessments and career pathing solutions, announced that it had been selected for the prestigious GAIN program run by MDEC, the Malaysian Digital Economy Corporation.
The Global Acceleration & Innovation Network (GAIN) program is designed to catalyse the expansion of Malaysian and Malaysia-based technology companies that have the potential to become global players, ultimately building more Malaysian global tech icons. It is a program under Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC), a government-owned agency launched in 1996 to pioneer the transformation of Malaysia's digital economy. They facilitate tech companies' expansion into the overseas market through Business Support Ecosystems and business matching sessions established in selected countries. With strategic collaborations with key stakeholders under the Business Support Ecosystems, tech companies will be well-positioned to take advantage of the ready-access to scale-up their enterprises.
Speaking about the inclusion into the prestigious program, Sharma Lachu CEO & Founder, Accendo Technologies, said that "Being selected for the GAIN program is such an honour. The program has strict guidelines around selecting Malaysian companies with strong financials, global aspirations, forward-looking leadership and management team, as well as scalable/innovative technology products and solutions. Being part of this exclusive list is testimony to our innovation, vision and accomplishments. We look forward to working closely with MDEC to take Malaysian companies global"
Accendo helps organizations revolutionize how to attract, assess, align, develop and retain top talent, both inside and outside the company. The company's cloud platform enables organizations to run entire talent journeys that includes conducting assessments, obtaining meaningful insights for strategic decision support, and crafting learning journeys and career paths for individual employees. Accendo is reimagining how talent assessments are used through an impactful combination of data science, intelligent analytics, process efficiency and user experience. Headquartered in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the company services leading corporates across a wide cross-section of industries, with needs for succession planning, graduate hiring programs, Hi-Po identification, promotions, recruitment and talent optimization.
For media enquiries, please email [email protected]
Poor Succession Planning: Risks and Impacts
Are You A Contender Or Just A Pretender Of The Digital Age?


Keiko is one of my favorite cat clients. He's a warm, warm buddha of a cat.
He passed away last year, but from time to time, his owner likes to check up on him.
When I tuned into Keiko, he was very happy to hear from me, which made me feel really good. This cat is so welcoming and accommodating.
I asked him to show me where he is, and he first shows me tall stalks of a wheat-like grass. Then I see a Keiko cruising by the wheat, on his way somewhere.
It's an agrarian scene. I see two Vietnamese men with a cart and large barrels made of a reedlike material. They are filling them with a fluffy grain, like tips of wheat.
I ask, Who are these?
Keiko says, These are my friends.
He shows one of the men playing a stringed instrument, and the other setting a bowl of fish in front of Keiko. The fish was studded with bits of green onion and spices.
When I talk with Keiko's owner, she says that Keiko had a great predilection for the food of Eastern Asia.
It's interesting about the men working. The jobs that are in heaven are usually spiritual jobs. They're helping people on earth. They're improving the understanding of others. They're praying. There is no need for food because food isn't necessary. You can conjure up whatever food you'd like. So that these men are spending their day growing it and moving it and whatnot means that this act of work must be pleasurable, I'm guessing? It's interesting.
She asks me to ask Keiko if he still comes around to visit.
Keiko tells me that he visits her every Tuesday. It turns out that as a novelist, Tuesday is her day to write. It doesn't surprise her that Tuesday is the day that Keiko chooses to come around. Last week, she was, coincidentally writing about walking by tall stalks of wheat!
Interesting how the imagery is the same!
After much warm sweet joyful greetings back and forth, and a hello to Keiko's cat friend on earth, Gigi, we let Keiko go back to his time with his friends.
This entry was posted in Animal Readings, Cats. Bookmark the permalink.


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Q: Where do I find the Java command line tool "Gdb"? Where do I find the Java command line tool "Gdb" ?   It's not included in my Sun JDK 1.6 distribution.   I need a way to take a java core dump from a live java instance.

A: GDB is the GNU Debugger. You can find it here http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/


Here are some pictures of our MBMI riding arena.
We are really happy with the building, and it has been great for my horse training business to be able to work through the winter, even in the mountains of Colorado!
60' x 100' x 14' steel riding arena with 3:12 roof pitch.
12' x 12' roll-up doors on each end wall.


Dental veneers are used to recreate broken smiles that have either been damaged by injury or have become crooked, stained or even worn. Veneers are often used for celebrity smiles and top quality smile makeovers due to the quality of their finish.
Dental veneers are very thin laminates used to cover the outer enamel of the tooth. They can be shaped to fit the individual patient so that they look natural and are either ceramic or porcelain in material. They are cemented to the tooth's outer layer and are superb for cosmetic aesthetics and appearance.
What type of situation can dental veneers be used?
Gaps in teeth can be resolved by creating a "false symmetry". The veneers will be slightly wider than your original adjacent teeth to close the gap or certainly make it small by comparison. They can be used to hide stained teeth by creating a glossy and natural "cover". Damaged teeth that are otherwise healthy can draw unwanted attention, veneers on damaged teeth cover up chips or breaks. As the damage is purely cosmetic, the tooth would not need to be removed to restore the smile.
Veneers are not ideal for teeth that are crooked or disjointed. Other treatment options may be better suited but will be longer term solutions. Veneers are are great way at "covering" up small tooth defects immediately with a natural looking shell.
Contact us for more impartial information on veneers or similar treatments.


The Supreme Court today restrained the Indian Institute of Technology (IITs) across the country till further orders from conducting counselling or admitting students subsequent to the Joint Entrance Examination this year.
A bench of Justices Dipak Misra and A M Khanwilkar also restrained the High Courts from entertaining any writ petition relating to counselling and admissions to the IITs from today onwards.
It also sought details of the petitions pending before the High Courts and the number of petitions challenging the IIT-Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) 2017 rank list, and awarding of additional marks to all candidates who had appeared in the test.
The bench listed the matter for further hearing on July 10.
On June 30, the apex court had issued notice to the Ministry of Human Resource Development on a plea seeking quashing of the IIT-JEE 2017 rank list.
The petition, filed by IIT aspirant Aishwarya Agarwal, had sought the court's direction to declare that the action of awarding "bonus marks" to the candidates who had appeared in the JEE (Advanced) 2017 examination was wrong and violated her right, as well as that of other students.
It also sought a direction for preparation of the all- India rank list after rectifying the scores of JEE (Advanced) and also award marks for the incorrect questions to the candidates who had attempted the right answers.
As an alternative, the petitioner said the institution should conduct fresh examination and prepare a fresh merit list or grant all students another opportunity to appear in the examination to be conducted next year.
The petition also sought an interim stay on the merit list and the counselling, saying it would cause serious prejudice to the petitioner and other deserving candidates.


All about my hair colour!
No, it was not Rihanna who did it first or made it popular! If you're as old as me and you know your music, you will know a female rapper by the name of Charli Baltimore is who started it all. I've been rocking red/magenta hair since 2005.
When I first seen this hair colour, I thought to myself I WANT THIS and I can pull this off. Not to sound conceited but I really thought I could pull it off and I don't think that everyone can. You have to be able to wear this hair colour or it will wear you!
It was definitely not popular as it is now and you would not see every other girl rockin it as you do now so I definitely got a lot of weird looks but I didn't care.
I have never went and got it done professionally, not once. From the very first time it was just me experimenting with bleach and different dyes.
My hair is naturally dark brown but I dyed it black so to strip the black out was a pain. I bleached my hair 6 times in one day – not sure how I did not go bald… and the first hair dye I used was L'oreal… some kind of red… and it worked. It was vibrant and bright but it did not last.
I had to dye my hair often and when it would fade, it was the most ugly rusty orange colour. Through the years, I experimented with various reds from drug mart stores and the best one was the L'oreal Power Reds that give you the little tube of the concentrated dye to help get it so bright… but again they were terrible for my hair… dry it out, make it break and eventually it killed my spirally beautiful curls.
I would go back and forth between red and black..but I love red just love love love . I'm not myself without it.
After years of searching for the perfect dye, I found it! Well I found 2.
I am always stopped on the street and complimented on my hair colour and women always ask me which brand I use. They tell me how they try to achieve this fiery red but can't… here it is.
1. ION Color Brilliance brights.
They have so many different gorgeous colours. I use the magenta ( pink undertone) and red and mix it together. They are semi permanent, last for a LONG time. I mean I don't have to refresh my colour for 2 months at least. I only do it because around that time I have to touch up my roots. The colour stays vibrant and when it starts to dull, there is no ugly orange fade out, it fades red/pink.
I get this from Sally's for 6.99 …. so compare that to L'oreal drug mart crap for 15 bucks. Yahhhh!!
note: if you have dark hair, you do have to bleach your hair first. No matter how bright or vibrant the colour may be, it will not show.
Second, hair dye I use, which I just recently tried and not for any other reason but because I happen to be in a beauty supply store and they just got some reds… It's also a deep red/bright magenta shade but this one you have to mix with a developer. But it is also a great brand but I'll stick with ION just because it's easier to use.
This colour takes a lot of maintenance I won't lie. So if you don't have patience to be doing your hair every 2 months, I wouldn't suggest it.
One thing I don't like is that , the colour always runs. So prepare yourself for a lot of ruined towels and pillow cases lol but I simply love it and it's a definite head turner.
If you have any other questions at all, feel free to ask.
I CAN and HAVE pulled off red and I absolutely love it. I adore it and I get so many compliments!
It is such a fun colour and it looks so cute on you! You really can pull it off (even with curls, which I find difficult to do!). My hair already has a natural red/auburn in it, so whenever I colour it red, it looks pretty natural. I don't know if I'm brave enough to pull off such a vibrant colour but I totally love it on you!
Thanks Jess! Your curls are gorgeous and this vibrant red would look amazing on you!
hi i just wanted to ask how you retouched the whole head without ruining your hair?
Sorry – what do you mean retouched the whole head? Are you talking about how I bleached my hair and got it red or you mean ongoing root touch ups and refreshing the colour overall?
do you bleach your hair every time you dye it? i bleached my hair and dye it the splatz red and it didnt take all over my hair i need to dye it red again before my sons bday and i want to know if i have to re bleach it and then use the ion semi permanent?
No I don't bleach it every time I dye it as long as my hair is already red. In that case I am just refreshing the colour and it's already red so no need to bleach. Also I don't bleach my roots because it's virgin hair so that will take too. Only time I bleach is when I am changing colours or going lighter.
Was your hair red already? Or some other colour? Also how will did it bleach?
I only used splatz once when I went purple and did not like it much.


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Former Philippines First Lady jailed for 42 years
Imelda Marcos, the 89-year-old former first lady of the Philippines, was sentenced to 42 years though she is expected to appeal the decision. (Photo: Courtesy)
Former Philiphines First Lady Marcos has ben sentenced to a minimum of 42 years to prison for corruption.
However, 89-year-old Marcos famous for owning 5,000 pair opf shoe, can appeal the ruling and post bail, which would allow her to remain free while the case grinds through the country's notoriously slow justice system.
The verdict from the anti-graft Sandiganbayan court orders her to serve a minimum of six years behind bars over charges the Marcoses funnelled roughly $200 million through Swiss foundations decades ago.
Her husband Ferdinand Marcos, who along with cronies was accused of pilfering $10 billion from the Philippines, fled with his family to the US after a people's uprising ended his 20-year rule in 1986.
Marcos died in 1989 while still in exile. But his heirs later returned to Manila and have since staged a political comeback. Imelda Marcos is currently a congresswoman.
As a government official in the Marcos administration, Imelda was barred by law from having any financial interest from the Swiss foundations, said the ruling.
"The couple opened all those accounts in Switzerland, and they used pseudonyms to hide their ownership. The president chose William Saunders and Imelda Marcos used Jane Ryan," special prosecutor Ryan Quilala told reporters.
Her lawyers could not be reached, while a press aide told AFP there was no immediate comment.
Court officials said Marcos would be able to avoid incarceration by posting an as yet undetermined bail and has the right to appeal her conviction to the nation's highest legal authority, the Supreme Court.
The body has previously undone a case against Imelda, overturning a 24 year jail sentence in 1993 on graft charges. She ran for congress and won while her appeal was underway.
The family's notoriety stems back to Ferdinand Marcos declaring martial law in 1972. That allowed him to shutter the legislature, muzzle the free press and jail or kill those who dared to oppose his dictatorship.
In the decades since Marcos's ouster the effort to recover the pilfered money has been halting and uneven.
However, the Philippine Supreme Court in 2003 ordered $680 million in funds stashed by the Marcoses in Swiss banks handed to the government.
The funds had earlier been turned over by the Swiss judiciary after concluding that the funds were stolen from the Manila government.
The younger generation of Marcoses have led high-profile careers, despite the dark past associated with their name.
Imelda and Ferdinand's daughter Imee Marcos, is the governor of the family's northern stronghold of Ilocos Norte province and helped bankroll the 2016 election campaign of President Rodrigo Duterte, according to him.
Imelda's son, also named Ferdinand, almost won the separate election for vice president that year.
He has put the count under protest and hopes to run for president after Duterte's term ends in mid-2022.
Hurricane Michael 'Extremely dangerous ' storm set to hit Florida
Remittances to developing world hit record in 2018, says World Bank
Ethiopian Airlines accused of rejecting passenger with disability at JKIA
90 ÷ = 45


text:
Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task
Stuart F. White, Kayla Pope, Stephen Sinclair, Katherine A. Fowler, Sarah J. Brislin, W. Craig Williams, Daniel S. Pine, R. James R. Blair
Objective: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders, including conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, show major impairments in reinforcement-based decision making. However, the neural basis of these difficulties remains poorly understood. This partly reflects previous failures to differentiate responses during decision making and feedback processing and to take advantage of computational model-based functional MRI (fMRI). Method: Participants were 38 community youths ages 10-18 (20 had disruptive behavior disorders, and 18 were healthy comparison youths). Model-based fMRI was used to assess the computational processes involved in decision making and feedback processing in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and caudate. Results: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders showed reduced use of expected value information within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex when choosing to respond and within the anterior insula when choosing not to respond. In addition, they showed reduced responsiveness to positive prediction errors and increased responsiveness to negative prediction errors within the caudate during feedback. Conclusions: This study is the first to determine impairments in the use of expected value within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and insula during choice and in prediction error-signaling within the caudate during feedback in youths with disruptive behavior disorders.
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840
10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Medicine & Life Sciences
Prefrontal Cortex Medicine & Life Sciences
Decision Making Medicine & Life Sciences
Conduct Disorder Medicine & Life Sciences
White, S. F., Pope, K., Sinclair, S., Fowler, K. A., Brislin, S. J., Williams, W. C., Pine, D. S., & Blair, R. J. R. (2013). Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170(3), 315-323. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840
Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task. / White, Stuart F.; Pope, Kayla; Sinclair, Stephen; Fowler, Katherine A.; Brislin, Sarah J.; Williams, W. Craig; Pine, Daniel S.; Blair, R. James R.
White, SF, Pope, K, Sinclair, S, Fowler, KA, Brislin, SJ, Williams, WC, Pine, DS & Blair, RJR 2013, 'Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task', American Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 170, no. 3, pp. 315-323. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840
White SF, Pope K, Sinclair S, Fowler KA, Brislin SJ, Williams WC et al. Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2013 Mar 1;170(3):315-323. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840
White, Stuart F. ; Pope, Kayla ; Sinclair, Stephen ; Fowler, Katherine A. ; Brislin, Sarah J. ; Williams, W. Craig ; Pine, Daniel S. ; Blair, R. James R. / Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task. In: American Journal of Psychiatry. 2013 ; Vol. 170, No. 3. pp. 315-323.
@article{250e22c2669f4d19831f18af8492c846,
title = "Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task",
abstract = "Objective: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders, including conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, show major impairments in reinforcement-based decision making. However, the neural basis of these difficulties remains poorly understood. This partly reflects previous failures to differentiate responses during decision making and feedback processing and to take advantage of computational model-based functional MRI (fMRI). Method: Participants were 38 community youths ages 10-18 (20 had disruptive behavior disorders, and 18 were healthy comparison youths). Model-based fMRI was used to assess the computational processes involved in decision making and feedback processing in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and caudate. Results: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders showed reduced use of expected value information within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex when choosing to respond and within the anterior insula when choosing not to respond. In addition, they showed reduced responsiveness to positive prediction errors and increased responsiveness to negative prediction errors within the caudate during feedback. Conclusions: This study is the first to determine impairments in the use of expected value within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and insula during choice and in prediction error-signaling within the caudate during feedback in youths with disruptive behavior disorders.",
author = "White, {Stuart F.} and Kayla Pope and Stephen Sinclair and Fowler, {Katherine A.} and Brislin, {Sarah J.} and Williams, {W. Craig} and Pine, {Daniel S.} and Blair, {R. James R.}",
doi = "10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840",
T1 - Disrupted expected value and prediction error signaling in Youths with disruptive behavior disorders during a passive avoidance task
AU - White, Stuart F.
AU - Pope, Kayla
AU - Sinclair, Stephen
AU - Fowler, Katherine A.
AU - Brislin, Sarah J.
AU - Williams, W. Craig
AU - Pine, Daniel S.
AU - Blair, R. James R.
N2 - Objective: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders, including conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, show major impairments in reinforcement-based decision making. However, the neural basis of these difficulties remains poorly understood. This partly reflects previous failures to differentiate responses during decision making and feedback processing and to take advantage of computational model-based functional MRI (fMRI). Method: Participants were 38 community youths ages 10-18 (20 had disruptive behavior disorders, and 18 were healthy comparison youths). Model-based fMRI was used to assess the computational processes involved in decision making and feedback processing in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and caudate. Results: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders showed reduced use of expected value information within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex when choosing to respond and within the anterior insula when choosing not to respond. In addition, they showed reduced responsiveness to positive prediction errors and increased responsiveness to negative prediction errors within the caudate during feedback. Conclusions: This study is the first to determine impairments in the use of expected value within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and insula during choice and in prediction error-signaling within the caudate during feedback in youths with disruptive behavior disorders.
AB - Objective: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders, including conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, show major impairments in reinforcement-based decision making. However, the neural basis of these difficulties remains poorly understood. This partly reflects previous failures to differentiate responses during decision making and feedback processing and to take advantage of computational model-based functional MRI (fMRI). Method: Participants were 38 community youths ages 10-18 (20 had disruptive behavior disorders, and 18 were healthy comparison youths). Model-based fMRI was used to assess the computational processes involved in decision making and feedback processing in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and caudate. Results: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders showed reduced use of expected value information within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex when choosing to respond and within the anterior insula when choosing not to respond. In addition, they showed reduced responsiveness to positive prediction errors and increased responsiveness to negative prediction errors within the caudate during feedback. Conclusions: This study is the first to determine impairments in the use of expected value within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and insula during choice and in prediction error-signaling within the caudate during feedback in youths with disruptive behavior disorders.
U2 - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840
DO - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12060840


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