text:
Category Archives: PubChem Explained
Atomic mass changes in PubChem
Posted on November 29, 2016 by PubChem
PubChem is now using the latest International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommendations for atomic mass and isotopic composition information. In addition, PubChem is now restricting the allowed isotopes for a given element to those with a half-life of one millisecond or greater.
Fundamental changes within atomic mass information
Normally atomic mass updates are not blog worthy; however, there are some fundamental changes in the way masses are conceptualized that affect the atomic weight values computed for nearly all compounds in PubChem.
Molecular weight is one of the most frequently requested pieces of information about a chemical. To compute a molecular weight of a molecule, one consults a periodic chart and sums the average atomic weights of the elements comprising the chemical, while considering any specified isotopic enrichment information. Although the molecular weight computation seems straightforward, as greater degrees of precision in atomic masses are known, the chemical science community is recognizing complex issues with average atomic weight and isotopic data.
The abundance ratio between different isotopes of a given element is used to determine its average atomic weight. As the sensitivity of measuring equipment has increased, scientists now notice a distinct difference in these abundance ratios depending on the material source of that element. To reflect this variation, and as explained in this IUPAC technical report, many elements are now given an atomic weight interval, consisting of a range of known discrete values reflecting the varying isotopic abundance ratios found in different elemental material sources. For example, the atomic weight interval of carbon is 12.0096 to 12.0116.
Another complicating factor is that the abundance ratio of naturally occurring isotopes is not available for all elements. Some elements like radon do not have any stable isotope and no characteristic isotopic composition in earthly materials. It means that no average atomic weight can be determined! There are also a growing number of elements that do not exist in nature, being "synthesized" in the lab. These artificially created elements are metastable, rapidly decaying into other elements. Importantly, because different isotopes of a given element decay at different rates, the isotopic abundance ratio between isotopes is time-dependent.
All of these considerations contribute to the uncertainty in atomic weight and isotopic information, which in turn impacts the molecular weight of a compound.
What changes did PubChem make?
All molecular weights in the PubChem Compound database were updated as such:
Adoption of "conventional atomic weights"
To provide a single, representative average atomic-weight value for an element ignoring any material source uncertainties, the latest IUPAC recommendations include a concept of "conventional atomic weight value" whereby most or all atomic-weight variation in normal materials is covered (with an interval of ± 1 in the last digit). PubChem has adopted this approach for the twelve elements (hydrogen, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, bromine, and thallium) with standard atomic weights given as intervals.
Standard atomic weights updated
Standard atomic weights in PubChem use the latest values provided by IUPAC (except when a conventional atomic weight value is used). For the thirty-four elements without any abundance information (e.g., technetium), the atomic weight of the most stable, non-theoretical isotope was used, as found in the NuBase2012 evaluation (http://amdc.in2p3.fr/nubase/nubtab12.asc) of nuclear and decay properties.
Trimmed precision of molecular weights
To take into account the uncertainties in elemental abundances and masses, the precision of all molecular weight values were reduced from six to three digits beyond the decimal point.
Updated allowed isotopes for elements
The internal PubChem knowledgebase used to generate the PubChem Compound database from the PubChem Substance database was updated. (Read this blog if you are not familiar with how these two databases differ from each other.) As a part of this, only isotopes for elements with an experimentally measured half-life of one millisecond or greater were allowed when using the NuBase2012 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (http://amdc.in2p3.fr/nubase/nubtab12.asc). This (slightly) modifies the scope of what can be found in the PubChem Compound database.
Where can you learn more about this topic?
To learn more about this topic, please read the following:
Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)
Meija et al., Pure Appl. Chem. 2016; 88(3): 265-291.
doi: 10.1515/pac-2015-0305
Isotopic compositions of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)
The NUBASE2012 evaluation of nuclear properties
Audi et al., Chinese Phys. C (HEP & NP). 2012, 36(12): 1157–1286.
http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html
Posted in PubChem Explained, What's New	| Leave a reply
New PubChem Data Sources Page
Posted on October 25, 2016 by PubChem
The PubChem Data Sources page is now updated.
What is the Data Sources page?
As an archive, PubChem contains information from hundreds of sources from all over the world. Contributors can provide different types of content, such as substances, bioassays, and annotation. The Data Sources page is an interface that helps one to determine, among other things, who provided what information.
As a part of an underlying technology update of PubChem, this page has been completely overhauled with a new look and feel. The categorization describing the organization types providing content was simplified. Sources of hierarchical classifications and textual annotations are now included. There is now a unified data source table containing all primary information. The updated interface provides new and improved capabilities to navigate as a function of data type, category, and country, while also including keyword searching, counts, and geographic visualization.
Filtering capability
A panel (on the left-hand side of the screen) now summarizes (by count) key aspects of PubChem data sources. By clicking the check boxes, one can filter the data sources listed.
Classification of the type of information provided to PubChem. This includes the ability to consider data 'on-hold' (to be released at a later date).
General-purpose groupings that describe the contributing organization.
Separates active contributors from legacy. As explained in this post, some contributors or projects no longer exist (although their contributed data may still have substantial utility or value).
By geographic region
PubChem data contributors span the globe. One can now filter and visualize by country.
Expanded sorting capability
The improved Data Sources page allows users to sort by record counts and last-modified date. For example, sort by last-modified date helps to identify organizations who recently updated their content.
Exploring sources on a mobile device
As with other PubChem pages developed in recent years, great effort is taken to make the page adapt to the unique experience of mobile devices. This means that without sacrificing features, the layout scales and complexity adjusts to match the appropriate screen size.
Improved individual data source page
If you click on a data source link in PubChem, it now directs you to a dedicated page for that depositor. Beyond showing contact information with its location displayed on a Google Map, it provides the date content was last updated and the current counts of submitted records.
Recent PubChem Publications: Read about What's New!
Posted on January 19, 2016 by PubChem
The PubChem team published an article in the 2016 Nucleic Acids Research Database issue (Kim et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 2016, 44(D1), D1202-D1213, PMID: 26400175). This article provides an overview of the PubChem Compound and Substance databases, including organization, contents, interfaces, programmatic access and other relevant tools and services. Considerable changes have been made since these two databases were described in a previous paper published in 2008 (Bolton et al., Ann. Rep. Comput. Chem., 2008, 4, 217-241), and the newly published paper provides updated information on these resources.
Additional papers published about PubChem by the team in 2015 include:
PUG-SOAP and PUG-REST: web services for programmatic access to chemical information in PubChem.
Kim et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 2015, 43(W1), W605-W611, PMID: 25934803.
PubChem structure-activity relationship (SAR) clusters.
Kim et al., J. Cheminform. 2015, 7, 33, PMID: 26150895.
PubChemRDF: towards the semantic annotation of PubChem compound and substance databases.
Fu et al., J. Cheminform. 2015, 7, 34, PMID: 26175801.
PubChem atom environments.
Hähnke et al., J. Cheminform. 2015, 7, 41, PMID: 26300985.
Target enhanced 2D similarity search by using explicit biological activity annotations and profiles.
Yu et al., J. Cheminform. 2015, 7, 55. PMID: 26583046.
Reporting biological assay screening results for maximum impact.
Bolton, Drug Discov. Today Technol.2015, 14, 31-36. PMID: 26194585.
PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary.
Kim et al., ConfChem Newsletter, American Chemical Society Division of Chemical Education, Fall 2015.
To get a complete list of all articles published by the PubChem team, please visit the PubChem Publication page.
PubChem adds a "legacy" designation for outdated data
Sometimes information provided to PubChem by data contributors becomes outdated. To address this, PubChem is introducing a "legacy" designation for collections that are not regularly updated. This "legacy" designation applies to project/contributors that appear to no longer be active, as well as to their individual records. This designation will help PubChem users quickly identify records that may have out-of-date information and/or hyperlinks.
Why a "legacy" designation?
As an archive, PubChem accepts scientific data from contributors and maintains that data even if the contributing project is discontinued. While this helps ensure community access to the information lasts beyond the lifetime of a given scientific endeavor, the archival nature of PubChem does not allow anyone other than the data contributor to modify provided information. Therefore, some records in PubChem can persist with outdated (or incorrect) data. To help identify such cases, we are introducing a "legacy" indication for contributors and their records. Please note that this does not mean that data identified as "legacy" is without value. Quite to the contrary, some legacy collections successfully collected valuable scientific data for the research community, and are simply no longer updating the information.
How is a "legacy" designation determined?
A "legacy" designation is arrived at via a semi-manual, semi-automated procedure. It involves aspects of examining contributor account information, individual records, and user reports. For example, if the depositor website does not work for a period of time, attempts are made to contact the submitting organization. If PubChem staff are unable to make contact with the data contributor or if an organization is no longer updating records, a legacy designation may be initiated. Please note that a "legacy" designation can be removed at any time, when contact is reestablished and updates resume.
Impacts of legacy designation?
If a data contributor is designated as "legacy", all records deposited by the contributor are also designated as "legacy". While still searchable, these records will clearly indicate that they are "legacy". Please note that "legacy" records will not be shown in the "Chemical Vendors" section of Compound Summary pages. In addition, in the "Substances by Category" section of the Compound Summary page, "legacy" substance records only will be found under "Legacy Depositors".
Future plans?
The way PubChem implements both manual and automated processes to ascertain a "legacy" indication will likely evolve over time. In addition, we are looking at the possibility of enabling users to separate out legacy records when searching and analyzing the database.
Significant Update to PubChemRDF!
Posted on June 23, 2015 by PubChem
PubChemRDF 1.5β is now available. The new version is faster, supports linked data in new formats, features improved search and query functions, and contains new links.
What is PubChemRDF?
PubChemRDF expresses data in a Resource Description Framework (RDF) format using ontological frameworks and semantic web technologies. It facilitates data sharing and analysis, and integrates with other National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) resources along with external resources across scientific domains. To learn more about this project, please see our earlier blog post and PubChemRDF release notes.
What is new in PubChemRDF 1.5β?
The 1.5β release contains a number of new features and technological improvements including:
Faster Speed
PubChemRDF data is now served from a triple-store and provides a noticeable speed improvement, especially for records with lots of data. Previously, RDF was generated on the fly from data stored in disparate data systems.
Addition of MeSH
Major improvements were made to the reference subdomain. Most notable is the addition of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) annotation of PubMed records. This includes MeSH topical descriptors (with optional qualifier) that indicate the subject of an article and MeSH (supplementary) concepts that indicate things like chemicals and diseases discussed in an article.
Direct links to authoritative RDF resources
PubChemRDF now enhances cross-integration by providing direct links to available authoritative RDF resources within applicable subdomains, including: reference, synonym, and inchikey to MeSH RDF; protein to UniProt RDF; protein and substance to PDB RDF; biosystem to Reactome RDF; substance to ChEMBL RDF; and compound to WikiData RDF. For example, the links to PDB RDF help to distinguish proteins and associated chemical substances found in a Protein Data Bank (PDB) crystal structure.
Addition of 'concept' subdomain
A new 'concept' subdomain provides the means to annotate PubChemRDF subdomains. For example, annotation between nodes within the concept subdomain allows a hierarchy of concepts to be created, such as those in the WHO ATC classification. These can then be applied, such as in the case of adding links from chemical substance synonyms to a WHO ATC classification to indicate its therapeutic and pharmacological properties.
New links added between the compound and biosystem subdomains
Previously, the biosystem subdomain linked only to the protein subdomain. The added links between the compound and biosystem subdomains help to indicate the chemical structure involved in a given pathway.
Support for protein complexes
Protein complex targets are now distinguished within the bioassay subdomain and are linked to the component protein units.
Linked Data using JSON
JSON-LD (or JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of transporting Linked Data using JSON. This addition helps those wanting to use JSON formatted data, for example, with JavaScript.
Substring searches
PubChemRDF REST interface now provides a substring search. For example, this returns chemical substance synonyms that contain the string "aspirin":
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/rdf/query?graph=synonym&name=aspirin&contain=true
Simple SPARQL-like query functions
PubChemRDF REST interface provides simple SPARQL-like query capabilities for grouping and filtering relevant resources. For instance, the following query can retrieve the ChEBI class assignments for PubChem substances:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/rdf/query?graph=substance&predicate=rdf:type
Where can I learn more about PubChemRDF?
To read more on this topic, please consider exploring these links:
PubChemRDF Release Notes
(https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rdf/)
PubChemRDF Initial release announcement
(https://pubchemblog.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2014/01/30/pubchemrdf-is-launched/)
Posted in PubChem Explained, Science Features, What's New	| Leave a reply
Ten years of service
September 16, 2004 is a special day in the history of PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). It marks the beginning of PubChem as an on-line resource. Now fast forward ten years. PubChem provides information daily to many tens of thousands of users. Despite the passage of time, PubChem's primary mission remains the same: providing comprehensive information on the biological activities of chemical substances.
PubChem has faced many challenges over the years. Chief among them is scalability. For example, within the first year of operation, the amount of available data in PubChem more than doubled. To this day, the growth of contributors and data remains very strong, with hundreds of contributing organizations, 20% of which provide biological activity information to PubChem. These data providers represent a highly varied cross-section of academic, commercial, and governmental entities. Combined, they have contributed information on a significant fraction of all known organic small molecule chemical entities, numbering in the tens of millions.
PubChem was created to archive the output of the recently concluded Molecular Libraries Program (MLP – http://mli.nih.gov) high-throughput screening (HTS) initiative. Most of the biological activity results in PubChem (>95%) are from MLP HTS centers; however, it is interesting to note that MLP represents only a small fraction (<1%) of the biological experiments. All told, there are over 225 million publically available biological activity reports in PubChem, with approximately two million chemicals having some form of biological testing data. In addition, RNAi screening experiments are increasingly found in PubChem.
Providing chemical information to researchers in the biomedical science community is a key part of PubChem's purpose. Over the years, PubChem introduced and incrementally developed several interfaces, each with its own distinct purpose and set of use cases. Primary to these is the Entrez search interface (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), where PubChem is organized as three distinct databases: Substance, Compound, and BioAssay. Substance provides substance descriptions (accession number: SID), Compound provides the unique small-molecule chemical content of Substance (accession number: CID), and BioAssay provides biological experiment results for substances (accession number: AID). [Go here to learn more about the different between Substance and Compound.] Each of these databases has an advanced search interface and contain numerous indexes and filters, which can be combined to construct elaborate queries. Additional interfaces exist to search and analyze information in PubChem, including the ability to analyze bioactivity information, download chemical and assay data, search by chemical structure or protein sequence, navigate using integrated classifications, visualize chemical 3-D information, and more.
PubChem continues to evolve the way it provides on-line content. External search engines (like Google, Bing, and others) are now a key way in which researchers locate data. In addition, programmatic interfaces now account for a significant portion of PubChem's overall usage (+50%). Key programmatic interfaces to PubChem include Entrez Utilities and PUG/REST.
The world of information is forever changing and improving. If the past ten years are any indication of what the future will bring to PubChem, the next ten are sure to be very exciting, with more data from a greater number of sources, additional types of data, increased annotation, improved interfaces, and advancements in ease of access. With your support as contributors and users, PubChem will continue to serve the needs of the community.
Posted in PubChem Explained	| Leave a reply
Why contribute your data to PubChem?
Posted on July 25, 2014 by PubChem
PubChem is an open archive of chemical substances and their biological experimental results. "Open" means that you can put your scientific data in PubChem and that others may use it. What kinds of chemical substances can you provide information about? All kinds, including small molecule chemicals, RNAs, carbohydrates, peptides, complex mixtures, natural products, and more. And you can also provide the results of your biological experiments with these substances. Appropriate biological experimental results include biological assay screens (such as phenotypic, whole cell, defined target, high throughput, dose-response, validation, etc.), physical property measurements, and beyond.
There are many reasons to Upload your data to PubChem:
Maximize the benefit of your research.
When research data is made publicly available, it helps to promote new scientific discovery. Other researchers can find your data, use it, and build upon it. This can lead to new research collaborations and improved insight into your results, thus helping to increase the impact of your research efforts and advance science more quickly.
Link your data to widely-used biological and literature databases.
With the annotation provided with your data, and through behind-the-scenes processing at PubChem, contributed data records are cross-integrated with widely used public resources at the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). For example, someone viewing your paper in PubMed will be able to rapidly access the related information you provided to PubChem or any of the other NCBI data archives (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/howto/submit-data/).
Save time and effort in open-access data sharing.
Maintaining your own data archive and user interface takes precious time and adds to research costs. Data sharing requirements by journals and granting agencies may be satisfied by use of the PubChem data archiving platform. PubChem provides high-capacity interfaces, so you know your data will be accessible. Given that PubChem is part of NLM, you can rest assured that your data will be preserved and available without (login or paywall) barriers, now and for the foreseeable future.
Maintain control over when your data becomes public.
Timing when you release scientific data can be critical. Release data too soon and you might not be able to file a patent or publish a paper. If you need to time the release of your data with the publication of a paper, the filing of a patent, or in coordination with a grant administrator, you can set a hold-until date of up to one year in the future. If anything changes, your hold-until date can be adjusted (shortened or extended).
Share your held data with only those you choose.
When you first submit data to PubChem, you are assigned stable identifiers for your substances and bioassays. These identifiers can be used to prove that you have submitted data to PubChem even if the data are not yet publicly viewable. If your data are on-hold, you can login to your PubChem Upload account and dynamically create unique, private URLs to individual data submissions to share with reviewers and collaborators. At any moment during the hold-until period, you can delete access to these URLs.
Sharing scientific data is important. PubChem is upgrading its service to make it easier than ever to rapidly upload information about your chemical substances and biological experiment results. Scientific data, however, can be complex. PubChem Upload provides wizards to help guide you through the process of making data public. In addition, use of standard spreadsheet formats and private FTP uploads for large datasets help to streamline data submission.
For more information, please see the following:
PubChem Upload 1.0f Released (in PubChem Blog) (https://pubchemblog.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2013/11/21/pubchem-upload-1-0f-released/)
How to submit data to PubChem (http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/upload/docs/upload_help.html)
How to set a hold-until date (in PubChem Upload Help) (http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/upload/docs/upload_help.html#DataReleaseHoldUntilDate)
How to create an URL to share on-hold assay data with collaborators (in PubChem Upload Help) (http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/upload/docs/upload_help_complete.html#AssayDataShare)
If you have any questions concerning these topics, please contact us via email at pubchem-deposit-help@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Posted in PubChem Explained	| Tagged PubChem	| Leave a reply
About PubChem
PubChem is a free chemical database and an open archive of the biological activities of millions of substances. PubChem is a part of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), a division of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Keeping up with PubChem
PubChem Home
PubChem News
PubChem Twitter Feed
PubChem Facebook Page
PubChem Docs
Keeping up with this Blog
PubChem presents at the American Chemical Society National Meeting in San Diego (August 25-29, 2019)
PubChem Periodic Table and Element pages
PubChem Homepage has a new look and feel!
PubChem presents at the American Chemical Society National Meeting in Orlando (March 31-April 4, 2019)
PubChem pages have a new look and feel!
chemical database
chemical hazards and safety
free chemical database
PubChemRDF
PubChem social media
PubChem Upload
triplestore


text:
HomeCULTUREFor the innocent
For the innocent
By: Lázaro Numa Águila
22 November, 2019 Webmáster CULTURE 0
El monumento actual a la memoria de los ocho estudiantes de medicina.
I had not yet overcome the deep emotions aroused in me the Cuban film Innocence and I was already thinking of writing these lines. When I read years ago the book On November 27, 1871, by Fermín Valdés Domínguez, I remember the same feelings emerging. Alejandro Gil's heartbreaking film unfolds another sad page of the black book of Spanish colonialism in Cuba, the historical events that concluded with the cruel shooting of the eight medical students.
The young men were convicted of the false crime of desecration of the mortuary niche of the Spanish journalist Gonzalo Castañón, captain of volunteers, provocative and brave at all, who had died the previous year in Cayo Hueso, during a confrontation with cuban émigrés. The Creoles didn't believe in protective bulletproof Maya under their shirt. As a sub-film, the tireless search for Fermín Valdés, José Martí's great friend, of the mortal remains of his companions, but more than that, of the will to prove the innocence of his murdered brothers, is presented.
Spanish journalist Gonzalo Castañón.
The remains of the eight medical students were found after sixteen years of indefatigable search, because circular 125 of the Bishopric of Havana had been applied to them, where it was established, among other things, that "the mortal remains of those who do not deserve ecclesiastical burial are buried on the outside of the cemeteries", a provision that was not promulgated for the purpose used , but for those who were not Catholics. They were then temporarily deposited in the chapel of the Alvarez de la Campa family.
Fermín Valdés Domínguez says in his text: "Already exhumados the remains of my eight colleagues, several newspapers began a public subscription, in order to erect them a modest mausoleum […] soon this pious monument will be erected, under which will remain those precious remains, which must always be venerated by all Cubans and respected by those who know how to mourn the misfortunes of the homeland".1 This sculptural tribute, located in the cemetery of Columbus and that of La Punta, which is best known, will be the theme of today. It is fair and necessary to dedicate the following quartets to these sites of great historical value. They summarize years of the deflos of a great Cuban and the efforts of a people to safeguard the memory of their innocent children.
Assuming the knowledge of the tireless work of Fermín Valdés Domínguez, who, even in the middle of the colonial period, did not cease to demonstrate the truth, then it is necessary to recognize his campaign in the press of the time, mainly in the newspaper La Lucha, to awaken the will among Cubans to erect to the victims a monument in the cemetery of Columbus and that it becomes "The most eloquent tribute of love and mercy of our people".2 This campaign was joined by other newspapers circulating in Havana and the rest of the country. They also initiated public subscriptions that were taxed for the same purpose. It was in the newspaper El Cubano, directed by Antonio Zambrana, that a meeting was convened on February 15, 1887, at Calle Prado number 71, former house of Céspedes, seat of the Autonomist Circle. Details of public subscriptions were finalized there, leaving the university's medical students in charge of the collections. A commission of respectable personalities of the time was also created, with Fermin at the helm, who would be the manager of the mausoleum project.
The response of the people was blunt, in a very short time there were already several thousand pesos. The first thing that was done was the purchase of land in the cemetery of Columbus for the sum of 919.80 pesos gold, which ran to the account of Fermín Valdés himself. It was located in Northwest Barracks, table number 13 of the Second Order Cross of the necropolis and an international competition was opened for interested artists to send their projects within a set timeframe. Artists from the courtyard and foreigners participated. The final decision was in favor of the Cuban José Vilalta y Saavedra, who at the time was studying at the Academy of Fine Arts in Carrara.
The author noted that he had conceived his project on the basis of the concepts of public conscience, time, justice and innocence, as required by the basis of the competition. He also sent the sketch and specifications that I set out to make Vilalta's work better understood:
"The monument will be ten meters high and will run in top quality veined marble […] the statue on the right … represents public consciousness … on the upper line, there is an urn that involves containing the remains of the victims … on the left, on the same line, there is another statue representing Justice and at the base … there is a door through which comes a statue representing innocence that passes from the field of darkness , to the field of light and truth … the great pyramid … represents the great City of Havana through its shield and above […] a majestic and superb cloak with a grandiose crown … thus demonstrating pain and mourning."3
Sketch of the mortuary monument to the eight medical students that would be erected in the cemetery of Columbus.
All the preliminary issues were brought to work. Vilalta pledged to do so for the sum of thirty thousand Pesos Spanish gold. On October 10, 1889 the artist notified in a letter to the director of the weekly La Habana Elegante: "Very my lord: With the greatest satisfaction I am pleased to inform you, so that in turn I will inform the public, day of the date, has left the port of Genoa, on the way to that […] the complete student memorial."
Although it was intended to be ready on November 27 of that year, the yearning could not be realized until April 1890 and was regarded by critics as discreet in terms of its artistic conception.
Pantheon of the eight medical students at Columbus Cemetery.
It was alluded that the expressive elements that made up it had nothing new and had already been used in countless previous works. This is true, Vilalta was never a transgressor of aesthetic canons, even in Columbus' own cemetery you can find exponents containing the same artistic elements, but none of that takes historical merit away from the effort, besides, what cannot be denied is that he was an excellent sculptor.
Vilalta bequeathed to Havana more than one important work, suffice it to point out that of Francisco de Albear, the José Martí of the Central Park and the sculptural ensemble representative of The Faith, Hope and Charity of the finish of the triumphal arch that constitutes the great cover of the Christopher Columbus cemetery itself. Regardless of any artistic argument, with the consolidation of this work, Fermín Valdés and Cuba saw a great dream come true.
As if the effort had been little, neither Fermin nor the people of Havana were content with what they had achieved. When news broke that the former Barracón de Ingenieros de La Punta would be demolished to widen the Paseo del Prado, already under the American intervening government and with Leonardo Wood at the helm. Fermin made arrangements directly with the provisional governor to leave as a sad testimony of the act, a wall fragment where the traces of some gunfire on that fateful day were still observed. I was aiming to consolidate another monument, but now at the scene of the crime. The governor raised no objection and instructed demolition engineer M. Borden to lift the plane of the piece he was supposed to leave undesired and an iron fence that would circumfer him.
Before long the work was finished, simple but frank. It was just the fragment of wall, surrounded by a small fence that was lost behind the plants of a small garden.
The first version of the monument to the eight medical students in La Punta, is a view from the sea side to the old Havana Jail.
But this was only for a very short time, the vindicator of the students and friend of the apostle, together with survivors of the fact, continued to work to endow him with greater decorum. He surrounded himself with a more showy fence, placed a plaque reminding of the fact and another containing a palm crown made of bronze, with the strong qualifier of Innocents.
Second version of the monument with its commemorative plaques and an image of the inaugural day.
The memorial was inaugurated on November 27, 1899, 120 years ago. A decade later, on June 13, 1910, the Cuban who set out to perpetuate the memory of those eight young men dies. His mortal remains and those of Professor Dr. Domingo Fernández Cubas, defender of his students in 1871, were deposited in the same pantheon of students in the necropolis of Columbus.
In 1921, with the aim of providing greater solemnity and better view of the monument, a kind of roundabout was built, preserving the wall fragment and plaques placed above, but giving it greater importance by the sea, perhaps to bring an eye-seeing element to the maritime environment of the entrance of the bay.
In this way the monument was configured to the eight medical students that we all know today in the vicinity of La Punta, pilgrimage site of students and village in general every 27 November, where a flower is never missing.
The current monument to the memory of the eight medical students.
If it is necessary to preserve historical memory and keep in mind every fact that gave body to our nationality, it is also right to pay respect to those who committed their lives according to achieving these goals. Fermín Valdés Domínguez has been a figure that has historically been linked to Martí's life and many may come to see him as a secondary "actor", but it was not, it was two different lives, each with its own lights and where Cuba was the common point. Colonel Fermín Valdés joined the war of '95, fought under Serafín Sánchez, Carlos Roloff and José Maceo, and ended the campaign as head of the office of Máximo Gómez. Give Cuba tribute to the person who dedicated body and soul to the just cause of the eight medical students infamously executed. Thanks to their efforts, today's Cubans can have two places to pay tribute to their innocent companions as well.
[1] Fermín Valdés Domínguez: "On November 27, 1871", Havana, La Correspondencia de Cuba Printing Press, 1887, p.192.
2 Fermín Valdés Domínguez: "Tribute of love". Havana, La Lucha newspaper, February 1, 1887.
3 José Vilalta and Saavedra: (1887). "Described memory of the Monument to the Students of Medicine", in Eugenio Sánchez de Fuentes y Peláez: monumental, statuary and epigraphic Cuba, Havana, Imprenta Solana y Cía., 1916, 1era. edition, p. 462.
Innocence: in the Sentimental Memory of the Cuban Dialogue with young foreign students in Cuba World Catholic Association for Communication Awards Cuban Film all'International Film Event Did Columbus leave Cuba or did they take him?
Se TV mal
Singing to Havana in its half-millennium

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Hibernate design dilemma; parent - child relationship with address link I have an existing entity design. There is an Individual entity. A Guardian or a Minor are stored as Individual. If u r a Minor, u r assigned zero or more guardians. This relationship is stored in a different entity.
There is an additional requirement; to add a flag to show that Guardian Address should be used for the Minor if the relationship is set. One can clear that flag at a later time. If the flag is cleared, the existing address will be used and no changes to guardian's address will overwrite the minor's address.
The relationship between Minor and Guardian is stored as

(minor_individual_id, guardian_individual_id,
  type_of_the_relationship)
  where type_of_the_relationship can have values such "legal" etc..

Is it as simple as adding a new flag to the relationship table ? Once added, the minor's address needs to be changed to the guardian's address. The address information is stored in another entity (Address). Can this be done via Hibernate built-in functionality ? Or should we add a layer to take care of this functionality ? Is there anything in Hibernate that lets me know the flag has been updated and a new set of updates need to happen ?
The address entity contains the individual id and the address for the individual in a single table.
Once the flag is set, it can only be set once per minor since it will cause confusion to have minor having multiple guardians to have address cascade to be turned on for each of its guardians.
Thanks.
Database Structure:
Individual ( Table/Entity)
Id
Age ( Depending on Age, you are treated as minor )
GuardianRelationShip ( Table/Entity)
Minor_Individual_Id
Guardian_Individual_Id
Address (Table/Entity)
Individual_Id
AddressLine1
City
State
If u r a Minor with Individual id of 2 and a have a Guardian with Individual id of 1. This will look like
Id Age (Individual)
1   40 Guardian
2    5 Minor

Minor Guardian (GuardianRelationShip)
2     1

IndividualId City State (Address)
1            LA    CA
2            NY    NY

Once those are linked, the idea is that the address for the minor "individual id of 2" will be changed to NY/NY.
If there is a req. that says use guardian address for minor and allow for unlinking address, how would you do that ?

A: You have the AddressEntity. I would create IndividualEntity.address and minor's address could reference the same AddressEntity as one of guardians (BTW, several guardians could live at the same address too!). Afterwards, you could check if minor's address equals to one of guardian's address.
I don't understand which problem the flag solves. Please provide more info, along with some code to illustrate your entities and relations.

A: Allow an Individual entry without a corresponding Address entry. If you want to limit it to just guardians, only permit that case when the entry for the Individual table doesn't have a corresponding match in the GuardianRelationship.Minor column. If address is null, lookup guardian and use that address.
If you do enforce that rule above, make sure you consider edge cases that change the structure such as an individual no longer having a listed guardian and having no address.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tom Brady gets praise from Buccaneers coach Bruce Arians after big win over Panthers
Brady threw for 217 yards and a touchdown against the Panthers and completed 23 of his 35 passes
By Paulina Dedaj | Fox News
All is well in the world of Tom Brady and Tampa Bay Buccaneers coach Bruce Arians.
Brady led the Bucs to their first win of the season -- and his first in a new uniform -- when they beat the Carolina Panthers 31-17 on Sunday.
CHARGERS' TYROD TAYLOR STILL 'OUR STARTER' AFTER MISSING CHIEFS GAME BECAUSE OF CHEST PAIN, COACH SAYS
Arians had nothing but praise for Brady who lost 34-23 in his debut to the New Orleans Saints.
"This game should never have got as close as it did," he told reporters, according to ESPN. "We let 'em back in. But I thought he played outstanding. His leadership on the sideline was great, and he put us in the right play [on] a number of different audibles. He played really, really well."
Questions about Arians and Brady's relationship were called into question after the head coach called out the six time Super Bowl champion over his performance in Week 1.
GIANTS' SAQUON BARKLEY DELETES ALL INSTAGRAM POSTS EXCEPT KOBE BRYANT PICTURE FOLLOWING DEVASTATING WEEK 2 INJURY
"One [interception] was a miscommunication between he and Mike [Evans]," Arians told reporters. "He thought Mike was going down the middle -- it was a different coverage -- Mike read it right. He should have been across his face, but Tom overthrew it."
"The other one was a screen pass with an outlet called. He threw the outlet and it was a pick-six. Bad decision."
Arians' criticism of Brady was met with backlash but he later explained that there was never an issue between the two.
CLICK HERE TO GET MORE SPORTS COVERAGE ON FOXNEWS.COM
"Tom and I are fine. I don't really care what other people think. So it's just what he and I think," Arians told reporters last week, according to ESPN. "We left the stadium fine. We showed up today fine. There ain't nothin' to talk about."
Brady threw for 217 yards and a touchdown against the Panthers and completed 23 of his 35 passes.
Paulina Dedaj is a Digital Reporter for Fox News and Fox Business. Follow Paulina Dedaj on Twitter at @PaulinaDedaj. If you've got a tip, you can email Paulina at Paulina.Dedaj@fox.com


The Suva Apartments are 20 self contained serviced apartments located at 17 Bau Street, Suva - behind Fiji Olympic House. The apartments are close to the centre of town and very reasonably priced for short or long term stays.
The Apartments are the business arm of FASANOC, with profits funding the operating expenses of Fiji Olympic House - moving FASANOC a step closer to being self reliant in terms of meeting those expenses.
Therefore your stay at the Suva Apartments helps the future of sports in Fiji!


Dana Wilde is the best-selling author of Train Your Brain and CEO of The Mind Aware. She is a trusted authority in creating positive mindset for entrepreneurs, sales professionals and corporate leaders, helping them achieve results and success.
In addition, Dana is the host of her own radio show, The Mind Aware Show, where she interviews celebrity experts on positive mindset and cutting edge marketing strategies for entrepreneurs.
Dana knows how to stimulate brain power for personal and professional achievement in individuals and teams everywhere.
BIRTHDAY GIVEAWAY -- enter here to be eligible to win over $7k in business building prizes and an even a chance to retreat with me to Breckenridge, CO for 4 days of business growth!


If you have been using Python for some time already and want to reach new heights in your language mastery, this training session is for you!
Python has a number of features which are extremely powerful but, for some reason are not particularly well known in the community. This makes progressing in our Python knowledge quite hard after we reach an intermediate level. Fear not: this session has you covered!
We will look at some advanced features of the Python language including properties, class decorators, the descriptor protocol, annotations, data classes and meta-classes. If time allows we will even delve into the abstract syntax tree (AST) itself.
We will use Python 3.7 and strongly recommend that attendees install a reasonably recent version of Python 3 to make the most out of the training.


"Book of Mormon: Alma 15: Awkward News; If Only We Had Never Left; a Sad Tale" | Book of Mormon Notes-- How deep can you dig?
Alma 15:1 And it came to pass that Alma and Amulek were commanded to depart out of that city; and they departed, and came out even into the land of Sidom; and behold, there they found all the people who had departed out of the land of Ammonihah, who had been cast out and stoned, because they believed in the words of Alma.
Nevertheless, the men themselves had survived and been cast out and had survived. I wonder if their thoughts were turned in regret to their initial decision to live in Ammonihah, to sin, and then to stay in Ammonihah.
Alma 15:3 And also Zeezrom lay sick at Sidom, with a burning fever, which was caused by the great tribulations of his mind on account of his wickedness, for he supposed that Alma and Amulek were no more; and he supposed that they had been slain because of his iniquity. And this great sin, and his many other sins, did harrow up his mind until it did become exceedingly sore, having no deliverance; therefore he began to be scorched with a burning heat.
6 And it came to pass that Alma said unto him, taking him by the hand: Believest thou in the power of Christ unto salvation?
10 And then Alma cried unto the Lord, saying: O Lord our God, have mercy on this man, and heal him according to his faith which is in Christ.
Zeezrom didn't know about the women and children being killed; he just thought Alma and Amulek had died. No doubt the deaths of all those people later weighed on him.
18 Now as I said, Alma having seen all these things, therefore he took Amulek and came over to the land of Zarahemla, and took him to his own house, and did administer unto him in his tribulations, and strengthened him in the Lord.
It was a sad tale for everyone; the survivors somehow got on; but it was an eternally sad tale for the unrepentant.


By Max Lucado and Randy Frazee. The Story for Teens reveals the unfolding, grand narrative of the Scriptures. Using the clear, accessible text of the New International Version, this rendering of the Bible allows its stories, poems, and teachings to come together in a single, compelling read.


text:
Home About Log In
Fighting Racism and Supporting Black Students
Support F&M's black students and the fight to end racism today
$25 $50 $100 $500 $1,787
Donor Wall
As we come to the close of the fiscal year, I would like to take a moment to say "THANK YOU" to every member of the AAAC who has contributed to the cause of a better and more inclusive F&M via the Pioneer Fund over the past year.
In particular, the AAAC conducted a historic campaign to support F&M's inaugural Day of Giving in which the group was the first group to make goal. Your gifts went to support the Black Student Union, Financial Aid, Diversity & Inclusion and The Pioneer Fund.
We were on the path to a second straight record year in support of the Pioneer Fund when the Coronavirus struck our country.
The virus has caused disproportionate deaths and other negative impacts in the Black community. Many AAAC families have dealt with the loss of loved ones and are fighting the impacts of the virus daily. In addition, many of us have dealt with with the loss of a job or a furlough.
On top of Coronavirus, we have witnessed protests across the country surrounding systematic racism and police brutality. F&M Black alumni have been a part of local efforts to support their communities and shared information a variety of platforms.
Thus far, 2020 has been tough for us all.
Given your circumstances, we respectfully ask you to consider a year end gift of any amount if you can.
The College has established a dedicated page that would allow you to direct you contribution to any of the following categories:
Black Cultural Center Renovation
Other Issues of Importance to you
We know that the changing world will only cause our students' needs to grow even greater.
Thank you again for your consideration and for all that you have done.
~Tony Ross '91, Chair, F&M African American Alumni Council
The Pioneers Club
In recognition of the 70th anniversary of the first black student's admission to Franklin & Marshall, the African American Alumni Council (AAAC) invites you to join the Pioneers Club. Celebrating the legacy of these pioneering African American students through ongoing philanthropic investment in F&M's community of color, the club provides means and inspiration for those who aspire to their courage and success.
your gift to a Fund
Support for Pioneers Club Initiatives
Diversity, Equity & Inclusion Priorities
Franklin & Marshall College Crowdfunding
Powered by ScaleFunder
© 2021 Franklin & Marshall College, All Rights Reserved


Nurse Redheart Cutie Mark Change - Red Cross Protecting Image?
Applebloom plays Farming Simulator ???? | Cutie Mark Hunting!
It's Time to Stop This!
Here, have another stupid face.
OCs under hypnosis in the kitchen with Starlight.
Lifesize Dashie managing the site!
[PMV Collab] - A Place That We Call Home!


FatwaIslam.Com : Did The Prophet (sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam) Supplicate Against the Crow?
I heard from a brother that, on the day of his emigration, the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam) supplicated against a crow: "May Allaah blacken your face." Is this Hadeeth authentic? If it is authentic, why did the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam) say that?


Our goal is to certify individuals who are driving change within an organization, with team, and with individuals.
Custom certification programs for corporations can be on-site, through webinar programs and reach offices around the world.
Conversational Intelligence® for Coaches Certification is offered at various times during the year.
Custom Certification programs can be scheduled to complement corporate functions.
Our Conversational Intelligence® Certification is designed to enable corporate leaders and teams to elevate the quality of conversations and create positive change within their organization. Certification is uniquely positioned to help leaders, and HR Executives to influence the workplace culture, and the conversations that take place in an organization – bringing the organization to the next level of greatness.
We are continually adding to the depth and breadth of our programs and Certification by including the most up to date research, pioneering insights and provocative applications from the fields of Neuroscience and Anthropology.
Our CreatingWE® Institutes around the world, WBECS, along with our Benchmark Communications, Inc. Consulting Team of highly skilled practitioners all play a role in certifying individuals, teams, and organizations in our core disciplines.
Mastery of Conversational Intelligence and its applications to elevating Individual, team and Organizational Success.
Personal Awareness and skills necessary to create positive change and transformation in their organization.
Coaches participate in a WBECS webinar series offered worldwide, that touches on all aspects of Conversational Intelligence®. These programs are conducted by Judith E. Glaser, the author of the award-winning book, Conversational Intelligence, How Great Leaders Build Trust and Get Extraordinary Results.
Thank you for your interest in Conversational Intelligence Certification. Someone will be in touch to discuss next steps.


text:
Ancient relics swiped by Hobby Lobby are headed home to Iraq
If you're not up to speed on Hobby Lobby's sketchy investments in illegal artifacts from Iraq, here's the lowdown. (more…)
Common Sense: Amazon, the Elephant in the Antitrust Room
The proposed mergers of AT&T with Time Warner and T-Mobile with Sprint provoke the question: Will prices for consumers really rise?
Giuliani again: It's time for Jeff Sessions to investigate the people investigating Michael Cohen
Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? The post Giuliani again: It's time for Jeff Sessions to investigate the people investigating Michael Cohen appeared first on Hot Air.
Giuliani May Have Exposed Trump to New Legal and Political Perils
President Trump reshuffled his legal team in recent weeks as he has sought a more aggressive posture in dealing with the investigations into him and his associates.
The New York Times: Latest News05.04News
Former Volkswagen CEO Martin Winterkorn charged in diesel emissions scandal
Scandal broke in 2015; VW has paid out billions since.
Justice Department Releases New Sexual Harassment Guidelines
Rod J. Rosenstein, the deputy attorney general, this week in Washington. The guidelines his department issued this week are intended to ensure it metes out "serious and consistent" punishments to
Judge Questions Whether Mueller Has Overstepped His Authority on Manafort
A federal judge questioned on Friday the authority of the special counsel to prosecute Paul Manafort, the former Trump campaign chairman, on financial fraud and other charges.
2 F.B.I. Officials, Once Key Advisers to Comey, Leave the Bureau
A top F.B.I. aide, Lisa Page, who was ensnared in the political battle over the special counsel investigation when texts she exchanged with an agent became public, has left the bureau.
Working for Trump, Giuliani Attacks His Law-Enforcement Roots
Before he was mayor, and well before he worked for President Trump, Rudolph W. Giuliani spent years as a prosecutor and Justice Department official.
Devin Nunes wants AG Jeff Sessions held in contempt of Congress. Here's why.
House Intelligence Committee chairman Devin Nunes (R-Calif.) wants Attorney General Jeff Sessions to be held in contempt of Congress. The committee is working to determine…
'I Did You a Great Favor When I Fired This Guy'
In Fight Against Violent Crime, Justice Dept. Targets Low-Level Gun Offenders
Attorney General Jeff Sessions has lobbied for stricter enforcement of gun laws over the passage of new ones since his days as a senator. Now, he has the power to implement that strategy.
Appeals Court Bars U.S. From Transferring American ISIS Suspect
An American being held as a suspected Islamic State member cannot be transferred to the custody of another country without the government first proving that he is an enemy combatant, a three-judge
Shooting of Agent Shines Light on a Federal Fight Against Chicago Gun Crime
Chicago police officers near the scene where a federal agent was shot and critically wounded on Friday.
Man Is Charged With Hacking West Point and Government Websites
The website of the office the New York City comptroller, Scott M. Stringer, above, was among those allegedly hacked by Billy Ribeiro Anderson.
102все страницы


Red Sox-White Sox delayed due to rain, expected start time 8 p.m.
The Red Sox and White Sox will have to wait a little longer for their series finale. Due to rain sweeping through the Boston area, Thursday's game will now start at 8 p.m. The White Sox are going for a four-game sweep of the Red Sox. Steven Wright will be opposed by Chris Sale once the game gets going. For more Red Sox news, visit weei.com/redsox.


Located in a prime exclusive location on Clonminch Road, Tullamore, Innisfree House is a beautiful semi-detached period house built in 1908, just a short walk from Tullamore town centre. Yeats wrote, 'I will arise now and go now and go to Innisfree,' when he was longing to return home, and this Tullamore property evokes thoughts of those days at the beginning of the last century.
The property spans over 2,000 Sq. feet, and it has the eternal charm of an Edwardian period house but has been updated and extended to make it a warm, light-filled and spacious residence with superior modern facilities. Two floor to ceiling windows in the kitchen make this a bright and modern family home that holds onto all its original charm. The house is on sale for €450,000.
Set on a large private landscaped site with garage/storage shed to rear, this exceptional property offers near town centre living yet with privacy and seclusion from our busy world. The property includes an entrance porch, entrance hall, living room, sitting room/lounge, an open plan dining and kitchen area with utility, ground floor WC and shower room adjoining, four beautiful bedrooms and large family bathroom.
There is also a modern and cosy attic study/playroom/guest room accessed by a stylish spiral staircase.


This is your chance to get a touchscreen.
Apple's new MacBook Pro lineup may offer a nifty new Touch Bar, but the screens are just the same ol', same ol'. For Mac users who were hoping for a more compelling upgrade, Microsoft is making an interesting offer: Trade in your old MacBook and get $650 toward a new, true touch-enabled Surface device.
It's a canny move by Microsoft that highlights one of the biggest distinctions between its Surface Pro 4 and Surface Book touchscreen devices, and Apple's newly announced MacBooks, which relegate touch functions to a thin strip of glass at the top of the keyboard, eliminating the function keys in the process.
This week, Microsoft announced the new Surface Studio AIO (which doesn't qualify for the trade-in offer) as well as the new, upgraded Surface Book. During Microsoft's presentation, Panos Panay, the head of hardware engineering for Microsoft, claimed that the Surface Book held the highest satisfaction rating of any Windows device—or any MacBook, for that matter. This is just Microsoft throwing more shade Apple's way.
You better act fast, though. The offer is only good until November 10, which means that Microsoft's turning up the pressure. Any qualifying MacBook Air or MacBook Pro device qualifies, though the trade-in value will vary based on the specs of the device as well as its condition. Though the trade-in page offers the deal just for a Surface Pro 4, others note that the offer is good for either a new SP4 or new Surface Book.
Why this matters: A lot of the chatter at Microsoft's Surface event was about how Apple's Macintosh lines simply haven't kept up over the years. Today's MacBook launch offers upgraded hardware—and, to be fair—the nifty, innovative Touch Bar. But it's still not a true touch experience, and, "gorilla arms" or not, Apple increasingly looks like it's on the wrong side of history on this one.


Welcome! When you arrive at UAP Passports, please sign in on the touch-screen kiosk located on the table to your right. It's as easy as 1-2-3!
1. Choose your sign in method of text, email, or by name. Select "text" or "email" to receive convenient updates if your wait time changes.
2. Tell us which services you need and the quantities for each. Whole families can be assisted with just a single sign in!
3. Confirm that you have a check or money order for fees payable to the Department of State. This is important… We won't be able to process your application if you don't.
Your approximate time of assistance* will be provided once you click Submit. Please relax in our lobby while you wait, or even run a quick errand if you have time. One of our Passport Acceptance Agents will be with you soon.
*Your approximate time of assistance is an estimate based on the types of services requested by the applicants already in the queue. It is not a set appointment time, and the kiosk may adjust your time of assistance to be later or earlier based on the completion times of the applicants ahead of you. UA Passports makes reasonable accommodations for applicants who may not be present when initially called upon. However, if an applicant arrives more than 30 minutes after being called, a new kiosk sign in may be required.


When it has been determined that a child needs corrective lenses, the first choice is usually eyeglasses. However, as he or she gets older, glasses might not still be the best option. Children sometimes think they are more attractive without… Read moreIs Your Child Responsible Enough For Contact Lenses?


U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer in San Francisco approved the settlement on Tuesday, marking the latest development in a scandal that has rocked VW since September 2015, when it acknowledged using software in its diesel vehicles to cheat exhaust emissions tests and make them seem cleaner than they were.
Earlier in 2016, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) sued Volkswagen for falsely claiming that its diesel cars had low levels of harmful emissions. The FTC order requires that Volkswagen provide up to $10 billion to owners and lessees of VW and Audi 2.0 liter diesel cars.
If you own a VW diesel vehicle, model year 2009-2015, there are a number of steps and deadlines involved in filing your claim. The FTC has released the following guidelines for people who own or lease a 2009 to 2015 VW TDI Beetle, Golf, Jetta, Passat or Audi TDI A3.
You have until September 1, 2018 to submit a claim. You can change your mind about which option you want until you bring your car in to VW.
You can submit a claim on com, or call 1-844-98-CLAIM to request a paper claim form. In order to complete your claim, you will need certain documents, including the vehicle title and proof of registration.
After you submit your claim, VW has 10 business days to tell you whether your claim is complete. If your claim isn't complete, VW will tell you what you need to do to complete it.
After your claim is complete, VW has 10 business days to review it and confirm that you're eligible. Then, you can schedule an appointment. You will be able to choose from different options.
buyback, you will be able to schedule an appointment within the next 90 days.
lease termination, you will be able to schedule an appointment within the next 45 days.
an approved emissions modification, VW will notify you when a modification is available for your vehicle. Once a modification is available, you will be able to schedule an appointment within 90 days.
If your car was drivable on September 16, 2016, but isn't drivable on the day of your buyback or approved emissions modification appointment, you're still eligible for some compensation. Visit comor call VW at 1-844-98-CLAIM for more information.
You can choose to get your payment by check at your appointment, or have it deposited electronically to your bank account within three banking days. If you have a car loan, VW will apply your buyback payment to the loan and pay you any remaining amount. If, at your buyback appointment, your car's mileage is more than the expected mileage range from when you submitted your claim, your buyback amount could be reduced. If that happens, you will get a check within three banking days.
When your buyback or approved emissions modification is complete, VW will give you an itemized receipt that shows the amount you received and explains any adjustment, such as mileage or a loan payment.
You can use the buyback money however you want. You don't have to spend it on a car from VW or any other manufacturer. If anyone offers to buy your car outside the settlement, or pressures you to "Act now!", walk away. If you see something that doesn't seem to follow the terms of the settlement, please report it to the FTC.


of the far north, contain twice as much vitamin C as oranges.
A foundling, twenty years old, in search of father and mother, in search of the self finds, for the first time, a person for whose love it is worth fighting: Roswitha, a librarian from East Berlin, cast away at the end of the world. Kotzebue is the name of the little town in Northwest Alaska, where the story of these two people takes place, an Eskimo trading post between snowy heavens and the polar sea, discovered by the son of the German comedy writer August von Kotzebue. And Kotzebue is the name of the foundling too, who looks like a young man but in fact is a woman. Following some inner compulsion, she pursues a path to Roswitha's heart finally declaring her love in a hotel room in Berlin.
Shot on 35 mm Kodak stock in October/November 1990 in Kotzebue, Alaska, and Berlin (one year after the fall of the wall).
The World Film Festival Montreal, London Film Festival (1991), Vancouver, Mill Valley, Hofer Filmtage, Cleveland, Minneapolis, Hong Kong, Denver, Cannes.


text:
Frost Store
Agriculture & Nutrition
Electronics & Sensors
Information & Communications Technologies
Test & Measurement Instrumentation
Visionary Science
Best Practices Ceremonies
GROWTH CONSULTING
Guiding Transformation Growth
The Frost Advantage
Brand and Demand Solutions
Go to Market Strategy
Virtual & Live Events
Core Consulting Services
Growth Pipeline
Knowledge as a Service
Manufacturing/Process Consulting
LEADERSHIP COUNCILS
Industry Councils
Best Practices Research & Awards
Frost Radar
Emerging Market Innovation
WHY FROST & SULLIVAN
Frost & Sullivan History
Frost & Sullivan Institute
Growth & Leadership of Women
Media & Partner Services
3211 Scott Blvd #203
myfrost@frost.com
Within this siteResearch
AIDirections Commended by Frost & Sullivan for Its Facial Recognition-enabled Pain Detection Solution
by Frost & Sullivan | Apr 16, 2019 | Healthcare, Information & Communications Technology, News, Press Releases | 0 comments
The AI-powered solution is finding application among people who are unable to communicate the intensity of their pain to physicians
Based on its recent analysis of the Middle Eastern market for artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled pain detection solutions, Frost & Sullivan recognises Dubai-based AIDirections with the 2019 Middle East Enabling Technology Leadership Award. The company's one-of-a-kind AI-powered pain detection solution is revolutionising the market by using facial recognition technology, which is invaluable to impaired patients and people with minimal cognitive functions.
"AIDirections combines the latest technologies, such as AI, deep learning, and facial recognition, with its proprietary algorithmic sentiment analysis solution to develop a new method for pain detection, monitoring, and verification," said Sowmya Rajagopalan, Global Program Director at Frost & Sullivan. "The system, operable both at home and in hospitals, presents a clinically valid parameter known as the Prkachin and Solomon Pain Intensity metric to measure pain levels in individuals. By leveraging AI, the solution mitigates the subjectivity in the assessment, improves the accuracy of measurement, and supports superior treatment decision making and clinical outcomes."
The solution has a wide scope of application among highly vulnerable patient populations, such as infants, children with developmental issues, people suffering from a stroke, and people who are unconscious and unable to express their pain. While several existing technological tools, such as mHealth, clinical wearables, and telemedicine, ensure optimal pain management in a home-based setting, patients still need to visit care facilities frequently to have their pain levels assessed. AIDirections' tool emerges as an ideal solution in this environment because it integrates with the healthcare system's existing telemedicine to create a better care experience for the patient.
AIDirections is working with several telemedicine companies to launch its offering officially as a holistic home-based solution in the growing Middle Eastern market and other developing regions. The company presents both server and cloud-based solutions that easily integrate with a hospital's enterprise resource planning or customer relationship management software for easy deployment. The hospital pays a minimal onboarding fee, which includes installation and software setup. By reducing upfront costs, AIDirections helps clients achieve a faster return on investment.
"The solution uses AIDirections' development framework based on industry standards while its plug-and-play methodology enables an extensive range of operational scenarios," noted Rajagopalan. "For addressing an unmet market need with its highly innovative and cost-efficient technology, AIDirections richly deserves the 2019 Middle East Enabling Technology Leadership Award."
Each year, Frost & Sullivan presents this award to a company that develops a pioneering technology that enhances current products and enables the development of new products and applications. The award recognises the high market acceptance potential of the recipient's technology.
Frost & Sullivan Best Practices Awards recognise companies in a variety of regional and global markets for demonstrating outstanding achievement and superior performance in areas such as leadership, technological innovation, customer service, and strategic product development. Industry analysts compare market participants and measure performance through in-depth interviews, analyses, and extensive secondary research to identify best practices in the industry.
About AIDirections
AIDirections is a Dubai based company, which was established in response to the exciting developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI). The target market for AIDirections is the GCC, concentrating on UAE and Saudi Arabia.
AIDirections' value proposition is based on the development of use cases across a number of industries, particularly healthcare. We are providing consultancy for the best use of AI, and we are also developing a set of products through the use of computer vision.
The core staff of AIDirections brings together significant experience in research and development, technical standardization, management of research and development, development and implementation of national level strategies, futures study and work, international collaboration and consultancy.
AIDirections' business areas are:
Training and awareness with regards to AI;
Assessment of AI Readiness and development of an AI Strategy;
Consultancy to identify opportunities and risks related to the use of AI;
Provision of solutions for dedicated problems and customers, such as pain detection and sentiment analysis; and
Provision of IoT solutions, e.g. for oil and gas or smart cities.
About Frost & Sullivan
Frost & Sullivan, the Growth Partnership Company, collaborates with clients to leverage visionary innovation that addresses the global challenges and related growth opportunities that will make or break today's market participants. For more than 50 years, Frost & Sullivan has been developing growth strategies for the global 1000, emerging businesses, the public sector, and the investment community. Contact us: Start the discussion.
Tarini Singh
P: +91-20 6718 9725
E: Tarini.Singh@frost.com
For over five decades, Frost & Sullivan has become world-renowned for its role in helping investors, corporate leaders and governments navigate economic changes and identify disruptive technologies, Mega Trends, new business models and companies to action, resulting in a continuous flow of growth opportunities to drive future success. Contact us: Start the discussion.
View all posts by Frost & Sullivan
Genesys Earns Accolades from Frost & Sullivan for Leading the Contact Center Market with Bold Investments, and Cutting-Edge Solutions for Revolutionizing Customer Experience
Respiri Applauded by Frost & Sullivan for its Diverse Portfolio of Smart, Non-inasive Respiration Monitoring Systems
Radiflow Commended by Frost & Sullivan for Elevating Customer Experience through its iSID Detection and Analysis Platform
Exact Imaging Commended by Frost & Sullivan for ExactVu™TM, its Micro-Ultrasound System for Targeted Prostate Biopsies
Deluxe Earns Acclaim from Frost & Sullivan for Its Cloud-Based Platform, Deluxe One
Tweets by Frost_Sullivan
Environmental Concerns Drive Demand for Next-gen Marine Coatings
Jinko Solar Commended for Its High-efficiency Solar Module Technology by Frost & Sullivan
We have Answers.
Schedule a Complimentary Growth Strategy
Dialogue with an Industry Expert
877.GoFrost
We provide research and consulting solutions to help our clients accelerate growth.
3211 Scott Blvd #203,
Frost & Sullivan Story
Objectives and Opportunities
Female Partners
© 2019 Frost & Sullivan. All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy | Cookie Declaration | Disclaimer


text:
Q: Ionic show button if Storage key = true how to show button if Ionic Storage isLogin = true.
import { Storage } from '@ionic/storage';
constructor(
    private storage: Storage,
) { }

login(phone: string, password: string) {
    return this.http.post<any>(`/api/user/login`, { phone, password })
        .pipe(map(user => {
            this.storage.set('currentUser', user);
            this.storage.set('isLogin', true);
            this.currentUserSubject.next(user);
            return user;
        }));
}

ngOnInit() {
    this.storage.get('isLogin').then(result => {
        this.isLoginVal = result
        console.log(this.isLoginVal)
    })
}

<button mat-icon-button (click)="goToLogin()" *ngIf="!isLoginVal; else logged">
    <mat-icon>menu</mat-icon>
</button>

<ng-template #logged>
    <button mat-icon-button (click)="drawer()">
        <mat-icon>user</mat-icon>
    </button>
</ng-template>


text:
Q: gtkd performance issue when adding a lot of textviews at once Here's a minimal example to illustrate the problem. When the button is clicked, 500 TextView objects should get added, each containing some text. What actually happens is that there is a short delay, 500 empty TextViews get added, there is a much longer delay and then they all get populated with text at once and the layout sizes itself properly. Code below:
import gtk.Button;
import gtk.Main;
import gtk.MainWindow;
import gtk.Notebook;
import gtk.ScrolledWindow;
import gtk.Statusbar;
import gtk.TextView;
import gtk.TextBuffer;
import gtk.UIManager;
import gtk.VBox;
import gtk.Window;

import std.stdio;

class UI : MainWindow
{
  Notebook notebook;

  this() {
    super("Test");
    setDefaultSize(200, 100);
    VBox box = new VBox(false, 2);
    notebook = new Notebook();
    Button button = new Button("add lines");
    button.addOnClicked(&addLines);
    box.packStart(notebook, true, true, 0);
    box.packStart(button, false, false, 2);
    add(box);
    showAll();
  }

  void addLines(Button b) {
    VBox box = new VBox(false, 2);
    for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
      auto tv = new TextView();
      tv.getBuffer().setText("line");
      box.packStart(tv, false, false, 1);
    }
    ScrolledWindow swin = new ScrolledWindow(box);
    notebook.add(swin);
    showAll();
  }
}

void main(string[] args)
{
  Main.init(args);
  auto ui = new UI();
  Main.run();
}

Edit: this thread suggests that creating a bunch of text views is intrinsically expensive, and that I should be rewriting using a treeview.

A: GTK is event-driven, and uses a message pump. If in a callback you do a lengthy operation, you never give a chance to the message pump to process the pending messages. You could replace the code in your callback by a sleep of 2 seconds, the effect would be the same: the UI would be frozen during that time slice.
If you can't split up your actions, use the d equivalent of what is described in gtk_events_pending documentation:
/* computation going on */
...
  while (gtk_events_pending ())
      gtk_main_iteration ();
...
/* computation continued */

Called between each of your loop iterations, it will give some time to GTK to process the events you generated by adding your widgets.

A: After some more googling and experimenting, it turns out that GtkTextViews are intrinsically expensive to instantiate, and I should not have been trying to create so many of them. As per the advice in this thread I will be reworking my code to use a GtkTreeView instead.


text:
Liběšice kan verwijzen naar de volgende Tsjechische gemeenten:
 Liběšice (okres Litoměřice)
 Liběšice (okres Louny)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
What Is Antifreeze and What Is It Used For?
Artur_Nyk/Shutterstock
Andy Jensen
Jul 26, 2021 | 2:32 PM
What is antifreeze?
What is antifreeze used for?
What is antifreeze made of?
What color is antifreeze?
How do I check my antifreeze?
NASCAR gets away with running just water in their cooling systems, so why do you and I have to use antifreeze? If it's called "antifreeze," implying cold weather driving, then why do we also call it "coolant"? And why is antifreeze sweet? Just what is antifreeze anyway? Here are the answers to everything you probably ever wanted to know about the benefits of antifreeze.
Antifreeze is a liquid that circulates in the cooling system primarily as a heat exchanger between the engine (picking up heat) and the radiator (shedding heat). This lets the engine run at the optimum temperature for performance, efficiency, longevity and emissions. While primarily acting as coolant, it's also an "anti-freeze" liquid, preventing the cooling system from freezing solid in cold weather.
You've seen jugs of antifreeze at the auto parts store, or even the grocery store. Widely available and affordable, this critical fluid isn't changed out nearly as often as oil, and there have been many changes to the stuff over the years, leaving many drivers unfamiliar with antifreeze.
Automotive antifreeze has three primary uses: It lowers the freezing temperature, raises the fluid's boiling point and prevents corrosion.
Prevents freezing
The primary ingredients in antifreeze prevent the formation of ice crystals, lowering the freezing point of the liquid to a chilly minus 34 degrees Fahrenheit. This refusal to freeze prevents engine damage in extremely cold weather, circulating fluids through the engine and cooling system as it warms up.
Cooling properties
Antifreeze is often called "coolant," since it circulates in the cooling system and subcomponents like the water pump, radiator and thermostat. It cools the engine by raising the boiling point of the fluid to approximately the operating temperature of the engine and then drawing away the excess heat. These cooling properties combined with the pressurized system prevent the antifreeze from boiling off, and it remains a liquid.
Prevents corrosion
Fluids plus metal is a recipe for rust, especially when you add heat. Antifreeze additives prevent rust and corrosion, enabling longer engine life. Antifreeze's ability to prevent internal corrosion is one of the many reasons engines last longer than ever.
There are a few different ingredients depending on the age, brand and type of antifreeze.
Water: Despite all the warnings against using straight water, your cooling system will operate best at 50% water and 50% antifreeze. If you buy a pre-diluted antifreeze mix, you're buying a good amount of water.
Ethylene glycol: This is the primary ingredient in modern antifreeze. It's a compound that prevents ice crystal formation in water, dramatically lowering the freezing temperature. It's literally anti-freeze. This is also where the sweet smell and taste come from.
Glycerol: This was the original antifreeze that ran in cars 100+ years ago. Also called "glycerin," this compound gives antifreeze its viscosity. Oddly, it also has a sweet taste.
Propylene glycol: This is a new main ingredient in antifreeze, a synthetic organic compound that is odorless, colorless, nontoxic and less dangerous than ethylene glycol.
Additives: Additional ingredients such as phosphate and sodium benzoate prevent corrosion and keep the pH in balance.
Ask any four of your friends what color is antifreeze, and you'll likely get four different answers. Your friends aren't necessarily wrong, as antifreeze can be any number of colors, and before you ask—no, these aren't different flavors.
The most common color of antifreeze over several decades, this stuff is still on the shelves and in radiators today. Today, it's called "conventional" or "inorganic" antifreeze.
What antifreeze is orange? It's called "Dex-Cool." This is the newer stuff, filling cooling systems starting in the 1990s. Whether your vehicle comes with green or orange antifreeze, keep buying that color. And just remember, you cannot mix the colors or you'll have a serious and expensive engine problem.
European cars often have a blue antifreeze mix, though you can find it in American vehicles as well. This could be a "hybrid" antifreeze, combining inorganic and organic antifreeze.
Unlike engine oil, your engine's antifreeze doesn't have a handy dipstick. However, there are a few ways to check your antifreeze and keep everything at the right temperatures.
Look at the overflow tank
It should be above the "hot" and "cold" lines when the engine is respectively warmed up or cold. If it is low, you can add more. The premixed antifreeze just requires you to pour it into the overflow tank or radiator, while undiluted antifreeze needs you to mix it 50/50 with distilled water.
Check your owner's manual
That book in your glove compartment that many ignore offers a bunch of advice. Under the maintenance section, it has a recommendation for changing your antifreeze. Most recommend changing fluid at 60,000 miles or more, with some even suggesting 150,000 miles. Keep it changed on schedule and you won't have to worry about it.
Antifreeze testing
If you really want to check the condition of your antifreeze, grab a cheap coolant tester, available for less than $5 from any auto parts store. Simply unscrew the radiator cap, drop in the tester's inlet hose, and draw up a small amount of coolant. The arrow will display the antifreeze's boil-over and freeze-protection levels.
Have a feel
Dip a finger into the radiator or coolant overflow tank (please, only when the engine is completely cool). Antifreeze should feel slick and smooth, not gritty. Grit suggests contaminants, meaning you need a fluid change ASAP.
What Is a Battery Trickle Charger?
How Often Should You Change Your Cabin Air Filter
How Long Does It Take to Get an Oil Change?


text:
"""This is the setup.py file for the GRR client.

This is just a meta-package which pulls in the minimal requirements to create a
full grr server.
"""
import ConfigParser
import os
import shutil
from setuptools import setup
from setuptools.command.sdist import sdist

THIS_DIRECTORY = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

# If you run setup.py from the root GRR dir you get very different results since
# setuptools uses the MANIFEST.in from the root dir.  Make sure we are in the
# package dir.
os.chdir(THIS_DIRECTORY)

def get_config():
  """Get INI parser with version.ini data."""
  ini_path = os.path.join(THIS_DIRECTORY, "version.ini")
  if not os.path.exists(ini_path):
    ini_path = os.path.join(THIS_DIRECTORY, "../../../version.ini")
    if not os.path.exists(ini_path):
      raise RuntimeError("Couldn't find version.ini")

  config = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser()
  config.read(ini_path)
  return config

VERSION = get_config()

class Sdist(sdist):
  """Build sdist."""

  def make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files):
    sdist.make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files)
    sdist_version_ini = os.path.join(base_dir, "version.ini")
    if os.path.exists(sdist_version_ini):
      os.unlink(sdist_version_ini)
    shutil.copy(
        os.path.join(THIS_DIRECTORY, "../../../version.ini"), sdist_version_ini)

if "VIRTUAL_ENV" not in os.environ:
  print "*****************************************************"
  print "  WARNING: You are not installing in a virtual"
  print "  environment. This configuration is not supported!!!"
  print "  Expect breakage."
  print "*****************************************************"

setup_args = dict(
    name="grr-response-server",
    version=VERSION.get("Version", "packageversion"),
    description="The GRR Rapid Response Server.",
    license="Apache License, Version 2.0",
    url="https://github.com/google/grr",
    cmdclass={"sdist": Sdist},
    entry_points={
        "console_scripts": [
            "grr_api_shell = grr.gui.api_client.api_shell:main",
            "grr_console = grr.lib.distro_entry:Console",
            "grr_config_updater = grr.lib.distro_entry:ConfigUpdater",
            "grr_front_end = grr.lib.distro_entry:GrrFrontEnd",
            "grr_server = grr.lib.distro_entry:GrrServer",
            "grr_end_to_end_tests = grr.lib.distro_entry:EndToEndTests",
            "grr_export = grr.lib.distro_entry:Export",
            "grr_worker = grr.lib.distro_entry:Worker",
            "grr_admin_ui = grr.lib.distro_entry:AdminUI",
            "grr_fuse = grr.lib.distro_entry:GRRFuse",
            "grr_dataserver = grr.lib.distro_entry:DataServer",
        ]
    },
    install_requires=[
        "google-api-python-client==1.6.2",
        "google-cloud-bigquery==0.22.1",
        "google-cloud-bigtable==0.22.0",
        "grr-response-core==%s" % VERSION.get("Version", "packagedepends"),
        "grr-response-client==%s" % VERSION.get("Version", "packagedepends"),
        "Jinja2==2.9.5",
        "pexpect==4.0.1",
        "portpicker==1.1.1",
        "python-crontab==2.0.1",
        "rekall-core~=1.6.0",
        "Werkzeug==0.11.3",
        "wsgiref==0.1.2",
    ],
    extras_require={
        # This is an optional component. Install to get MySQL data
        # store support:
        # pip install grr-response[mysqldatastore]
        "mysqldatastore": ["MySQL-python==1.2.5"],
    },
    data_files=["version.ini"])

setup(**setup_args)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Slavic Village neighborhood of Cleveland was the perfect location for the first East Meets West event - bringing skaters from the west, east and south together for some good skateboarding.
Slavic Village Skateboarding and Public Square Group hosted the éS Game of SKATE to the tune of about 150 people and 85 competitors. In the end, Chris McHugh of Willoughby, OH took the top spot, beating out Steve Lenarduzzi of Highland Heights, OH in the final round. A blocked off section of East 55th Street was the perfect home for the six SKATE lanes required to get through the mass of skaters signed up to compete and the rain held off until after we opened the street back up! Sorry for all those who stayed home!


and shapes of small sizes.
The authenticity of material, the care for detail and the decorative variety. These are the values that inspirit the "1741 by Marca Corona" line, a project that draws inspiration from traditional motifs to reinterpret them in accordance to today's trends.
The logo is the first feature that attests to the continuity between past and present, between memory and innovation: from a graphical point of view, inspiration is drawn from the relics kept at the Galleria Marca Corona, the historical heritage of Marca Corona. The key player is the small size in its many variations and with its capacity to convey a sense of handmade preciousness. Lozenges, hexagons, bricks, listels and cementine of a small size but with a great aesthetic impact, especially designed to give life to geometric and decorative compositions that are both unique and in line with the latest trends. The 1741 project, launched in 2014 by means of the Terra series, now includes 10 collections with a different inspiration and style but all animated by the same creative passion and painstaking stylistic research.
The aim is to achieve the utmost power of expression and versatility and to transform small sizes into a sophisticated decorative detail or into a design solution with a wider scope.
Irrespective of the mood - retro, refined, rustic, Nordic or urban - each collection is the perfect synthesis of captivating colours, refined patterns and innovative shapes. 1741 floors and walls, with the concrete, wood, marble and original effects, give any space an intimate and personal touch that cannot go unseen.


After five months of being firmly anti-binky, Dana did something unexpected yesterday. She was sleepy, but too full to nurse to sleep, so I did something I hadn't done in weeks. I gave her a binky. She didn't hate it! In fact, she went to right to sleep with it. Not knowing when or if it would happen again, I decided to take as much photographic evidence as possible. I have photos, videos, and even slow motion videos on my phone.
I am reminded of the faux fall photos we did with Nicole. I say faux fall because it was a super warm Thanksgiving day. We dressed her in a sweater jacket, found a sad little leaf pile and carefully took pictures reminiscent of the kinds I would expect growing up in the north east.
The photos of Dana with the binky were about as authentic as Nicole in the leaves. Yes, it really did happened, but the photo conveys something that isn't really true. She still doesn't really take the binky. I got her to do it again yesterday afternoon, but just once, and not at all today.
The experience has me thinking about the perceived importance of moments, and which moments we choose to photograph and remember. This moment felt extraordinary because it was rare. Ironically, it would have been a more meaningful moment to capture if it was more representative of our experience, yet I may not think to pick up the camera in that case. This realization has been weighing on me lately. I pick up my camera often with Dana, capturing both the every day and the extraordinary alike since we spend so much time together, but the older two? I keep meaning to take more photos each weekend, but the weekends are so busy we rarely have time to follow through. The last photos I took of the girls? I can't remember. It feels like ages.
Things will settle down. I will find a way to make more time for photography. It is my life blood, after all.
I have been joking lately that I have experienced all of motherhood. Breastfeeding? Yep. Exclusively pumping? Yes. Formula? That too. Binkies and Thumb Suckers? Double yes. I also like to joke that my memory is a steal sieve. The realization there may be more truth behind that second joke, and that I may be forgetting more of the experiences than I realize, has started to get to me.
A few months ago my inbox started nearing capacity. As I was pruning some of the older messages I came across an email Conversation between Domingo and I, back in our apartment days. I was home with a sick toddler, while Domingo was at work, and told him how Nicole had figured out how to take her dolls' clothes off and now all the dolls were naked. Not only do I not remember that incident *at all*, but I really couldn't picture many sick days with Nicole the not quite two years we lived in Silicon Valley. I know they happened, but it's hard to remember what they were like and how we passed the time.
Adding insult to injury, Domingo remembers all kinds of things I don't. He remembers it taking hours to get baby Nicole to go to sleep, that sometimes she'd wake herself up a half hour in and he'd have to start the bed time routine all over again. I believe it, since it mirrors our experience with Dana, but my memories of rocking Nicole are more about her snuggled into the crook of my neck. I remember her as an excellent little sleeper.
I've come to the conclusion that for a lot of things I have mainly operational knowledge. I know how to do things, my memory is just a little foggy on how I came to learn how to do them.
As we enter new stages with Dana, or even new stages with Alexis, I often feel like I know what to do. I can recognize different rashes and know how to handle them, have a feel for how long we'll last in each set of diapers. I have more strategies for soothing a crying child than I can count. It's second nature. It's like muscle memory. Too much like muscle memory. That's the frustrating part.
While I may forget a lot, I tend to remember the details surrounding pictures. (That's not the case for everyone, admittedly. I think the difference may have to do with how frequently I go back and look at old photos. All.the.time.) I also have old blog posts, and facebook status. Thinking back about our sleep experience with Nicole, I remember the post I wrote about needing to sleep train, which brought back some memories of rocky nights. Now I'm even more inclined to keep blogging, even though I don't really have time for it.
A couple days after bringing Dana home from the hospital, the Alexis' cold crested. I called the advice nurse wanting to get ahead of the germs and spare my 6-day-old her first cold. It may have been overkill, but with all the news articles about the worst flu in decades, and associated deaths, I was not about to chance it. Not to worry, the nurse assured me, neonates rarely get colds. To steady my nerves and as a precaution, she gave me some tips and warning signs to watch out for.
The week passed, Domingo and my mom caught the cold but Dana, Nicki and I avoided it.
Then, on Saturday morning I noticed some of the funny rapid breath breathing sounds coming from Dana I had been warned to watch out for. The episode was short lived. Her breathing quickly returned to normal, and she otherwise seemed fine. No nasal discharge, no cough. At noon, each breath became audible as they were forced through the now obvious congestion. My baby was sick. The moment that realization struck me, as if on cue, she cried and everything got so much worse.
Dana couldn't both breath and cry at the simultaneously, so each cry was punctuated by a grunting snort which made her even madder, which then made the breathing sound that much more labored. I couldn't calm her, not with singing or rocking, couldn't get her to latch or take the binky.
My not yet two weeker had her first cold, and it was terrifying.
While juggling the phone to call the pediatrician I somehow managed to get her calm enough to stop crying, and while the snorting temporarily subsided I watched her clavicle rise and fall with each breath as she struggled against the congestion.
Since Dana was so young, and I had reported fussiness while nursing, the pediatrician wanted to see her to rule out possible dehydration and confirm no fluid in the lungs. When babies are so tiny small problems can develop into big ones fast. Little passageways can become blocked easily. Thankfully everything checked out well. Her lungs were clear, oxygen level was fine. The pediatrician even confirmed it is just a cold and the scary flu. Just a cold. Dana will be fine in a couple of weeks. We are just going to be in for some long, sleepless and stress filled nights in the meantime.
When I enrolled Nicole into kindergarten, I read through the kindergarten handbook cover to cover. (Yes, I am that kind of parent.) I loved their stance on homework: No more than half an hour any school day, never on the weekend or holiday, and at least twenty minutes of that half hour was to be reading time. We already did bedtime stories, though they usually weren't twenty minutes long. We could stretch it. That only leaves 10 minutes of potential "work" time. It felt very reasonable for a kindergartner!
For years I've been seeing other parents share the overwhelming amount of work their elementary school age kids brought home. It seemed excessive, especially for working parents. There just aren't many minutes left in the day between the end of the work day pickup, dinner, bath and bed time. But 10 minutes? Doable.
Homework started with a calendar – choose any 12 tasks in a 4 week month, 3 per week. Since homework was due back Friday, we'd have a "skip" day should things get to crazy.
Then there were sight words that needed to be gone over daily, in addition to the homework calendar, until they were memorized.
And then additional reading. Along with the 20 minutes of parents reading to Nicole, Nicole had to read two "readers", paper back books designed to emphasize one or two sight words a piece. Then two "readers" and her "bag books" (4 total, albeit short, books) so she could also practice reading at the right grade level. And then yet another form of reading for Nicole to do.
Before I knew it "10 minutes of extra work" was a half hour or more per night, and we'd often have to skip or greatly lessen the amount of time spent on bed time stories because the kids were just so exhausted by the end of the day.
I started photo copying the homework calendar so we could work on it on the weekend. Sight words, too, got relegated to the weekend, but that was too spaced out for us to really learn them. I started picking Nicole up from the after school program a couple hours early on Wednesday, just so we could have time to get it all done.
I don't know how parents with traditional 9-to-5 jobs do it. I feel like we're barely fitting it all in, and only because I can be as flexible as I need to be with my schedule. So much for my let-them-play-not-work parenting philosophy. Perhaps if I started earlier this wouldn't seem so overwhelming now. At least she doesn't seem to feel overwhelmed, even if I do.