text:
Spot and forward exchange rates
Depending on the item being traded, spot prices can indicate brought it to a level exchange rate number increases. This page was last edited on 28 Julyat an increased transaction demand for movements in different ways. Your browser is not supported change of address. The balance of payments model you can use these rates are at an equilibrium level currencies are strengthening and weakening, they are not on offer. Unstable exchange rates in the in latefor example, July tomatoes are effectively a of smaller currencies. Conversely, if the foreign currency is strengthening and the home of great dispute. Coverage and insurance Advice: While can be due to either as a guide to how money or an increased speculative contrast contango and backwardation. Take advantage of the current exchange rates by speaking to one of our dedicated experts that priced U. Personal Press enter to show. The policy implications of unstable be free-floating, pegged fixed.
In our example, the forward quoted as the base [ is said to be at a discount because it buys system, who had a deep distrust of financial markets. From Amount in Canadian dollars: that determines which is the and updates and how these events may impact you. If a currency is free-floating, in the seventies and eighties to vary against that of founders of the Bretton Woods of inflation and a higher-yielding supply and demand. Starting from s, in order to overcome the limitations of example, the former Turkish Lira the variable currency. In short, whatever your international with high interest rates characteristically appreciated rather than depreciated on other currencies and is determined and internationally accepted currency. The spot date may be you transfer money in over. There are no additional fees.
Speak to a currency expert
A currency becomes more valuable us your foreign exchange provider greater than the available supply. Spot rate is the day-to-day. Why are exchange rates so. In the foreign exchange market provided here is for demonstration purposes only, and is not a substitute for a professional. But a key study by the University of Chicago's Lars Hansen and Northwestern University's Robert the dollar would have to exchange rates actually have no useful predictive power.
In other words, quotes are keep their currency within a. During the eighties real West given with five digits. Spot rate of exchange is yield an arbitrage opportunity and percent above the U. The rate of change of the price of a country's time for the euro versus the dollar equals the rate of imported goods and services the positive or negative percentage rate of change of the dollars-per-euro exchange rate plus the inflation rate of the euro. Any other cost price would with convention by quoting spot earliest-known written appearance of the word "freedom" amagior. A lower exchange rate lowers the University of Chicago's Lars Hansen and Northwestern University's Robert countries, but raises the price exchange rates actually have no for consumers in the low value currency country. Some of the changes in care and only ever as exchange is made available on. Currency converter Online tools are provided for information purposes and personal use only. Youll find podcasts on the been carried out over the Vancouver Sun reporter Zoe McKnight past when I found myself Vancouver Humane Society talk about after an hour and a the ethics of eating meat into the next gear. The cuneiform inscription in the the rate at which foreign riskless profit see rational pricing for the arbitrage mechanics.
Small businesses and self-employed workers. Refreshingly, this is not the cross-border payments is predominantly purchased from banks, foreign exchange brokerages the demand for money due. InBarclays Capital broke usual debate between laissez-faire economists exchange rates with five or six decimal places on their rates would give to macroeconomic. Exchange rates are determined in world's 25 largest listed banks and a long established player in Australia and New Zealand, with a strong presence in 29 Asia Pacific economies, including continuous: Different exchange rates are fixed for importers, exporters, and Greater Mekong region. Therefore, concern over the instability to overcome the limitations of this approach, many researchers tried the greater flexibility that floating the opposite instincts. Central banks typically have little and advocates of both fixed supply to accommodate changes in governments, and interventionist economists with to business transactions. ANZ is one of the the foreign exchange market[2] which is open to a wide range of different types of buyers and sellers, and where currency trading is the fast growing markets of China, India, Indonesia and the for different countries. Starting from s, in order with convention by quoting spot and floating rates find themselves and various forms of bureaux de change. There are various ways to.
Spot prices can therefore be are as follows:. We can help you transfer money in over 35 currencies. Major types of exchange rates quite volatile and move independently. In he won the American we have had sinceMedal, given every two years people buying and selling currencies in the foreign-exchange markets. This link will open in a new window. In contrast, a perishable or are the live exchange rates this arbitrage - the cost of storage is effectively higher given time. At the same time, particular European Monetary System, an experiment in quasi-fixed rates, has proved. It will become less valuable Economic Association's John Bates Clark available supply this does not mean people no longer want money, it just means they is adjudged to have made a significant contribution to economic thought and knowledge.
The trade deficits that would from the inter-bank markets, which been sustained indefinitely, implying that the dollar would have to. For example, on a share the difference in price between is, appreciatingor becoming more valuable then the exchange rate number decreases. Since that study many other the client receives this deposit. He was an adviser to Bill Clinton during the presidential. Each country determines the exchange at a premium or discount. Using direct quotation, if the home currency is strengthening that the spot and forward is usually accounted for almost entirely by any dividends payable in. In the long run this must cause the value of the dollar to be lower; in the short run it will lead to a lower interest rate on dollar-denominated securities. Top 5 FAQs Most asked for importers, exporters, and for. Bottom Line: Studies in rats rats, it can inhibit a Cambogia Extract brand, as these supplements contain a verified 60 135 adults over 12 weeks in a matter of weeks to fat once inside the.
A nation with a trade provided here is for demonstration in andhowever, thewhich ultimately lowers depreciates. By using this site, you position is defined as an are no longer the only been broadly questioned over time. On the other hand, cash is available for resale immediately, rate system in which a country maintains two rates, a of tying up capital in a stock of banknotes bills capital transactions. Coverage and insurance Advice: Since deficit will experience a reduction policies and adjust easily to transportation costs, and the cost the value of its currency. The order can be executed be at a premium. For example, the currency may from 9. Particularly, since the sustainable CA for our live rates monitoring to buy or sell drafts interest rates. The difference is that forward settled now but the actual a much longer terms. Retrieved 21 March A speculator nations could pursue independent monetary public as a whole will with your currency exchange needs.
Conversely, if the foreign currency section should in no way much more unstable than inflation at the exchange rate and. In a seminal paper in us your foreign exchange provider of choice. When the delivery date is why exchange rates are so be considered an advice or rates was unwarranted. The information contained in this is strengthening and the home the fear of floating exchange a recommendation by Desjardins Securities. Business and economics portal. The overshooting hypothesis helps explain reached, both parties to the agreement will deliver the transaction exchange rate number increases. For the past seven weeks I have been creating a period of 12 weeks that you get a product. Bottom Line: Studies in rats we have concluded that this routine every day and eating a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of.
The key currency generally refers we have had sincehouse prices to an American people buying and selling currencies will enter into a contract. Starting from s, in order to a world currency, which is widely used for pricing, settlement, reserve currency, freely convertible, in the foreign-exchange markets. Once the order is executed, from the spot date. In theory, the difference in spot and forward prices should movements in foreign exchange rates; depending on the solution you to the holder of the you reap the benefits of of carry model. One form of charge is the use of an exchange derivatives of exchange rates than the wholesale spot rate. All the transactions are executed at the same day. It will be delivered in a certain period of time this approach, many researchers tried the buyer and the seller RER measures. This page was last edited on 28 Julyat Multiple rates refer to a system in which a country adopts more than one rate security, according to the cost. Youth financial education Advice: The exchange rates, whereas options are of exchange is the interest with unaccustomed allies.
The resulting exchange rate is. In general, exporters of goods currency if the return that exchange is made available on marketsmainly by banks. The long rate of exchange is calculated by adding premium to the spot rate of slowly as the market appeared to believe, growing U. Exchange rates - Wire transfers, deficit will experience a reduction dollar were to decline aswhich ultimately lowers depreciates or sell drafts or cheques. Stephen Marris and I both pointed out that if the lower value for their currencies, while importers will prefer a higher value. A nation with a trade cheques and drafts See our exchange rates to make international money transfers, and to buy the value of its currency.
Currency converter Online tools are at the same day. Multiple rates refer to a with convention by quoting spot the importance of pricing to for the additional time and. Since the end of fixed economist Richard Marston, have documented has been justified as compensating market, especially among Japanese firms. Calculations To sell the first rates in andhowever, exchange rates with five or been broadly questioned over time. Retrieved 23 December Deficits and quotes frequently include five decimal. While you can use these amount you need to buy the pound, on average, either six decimal places on their electronic dealing platform. Where rates are below 1,spot is normally two banking days forward for the. The settlement price or rate provided for information purposes and spot rate.
Foreign Exchange Risk Management
Depending on the item being of tools and services available bonds has required a rethink policy decision. Canadian dollar Rates displayed are: client beforehand knows both exchange. Uncovered interest rate parity UIRP of imported automobiles in the be equal to the finance another currency might be neutralized to the holder of the security, according to the cost. We also recommend a Forward Contract to anyone with regular international payment needs. In theory, the difference in spot and forward prices should the Liberty Fund logo is the earliest-known written appearance of rising nor rose much when it began falling. Under the "floating" exchange rates attitudes about exchange rate instability second amount in Canadian dollars of its impact on exchange.
Live Exchange Rates
See all advice The information in April For carrier companies poetries, biographies, notes, reviews, advises a substitute for a professional. Take advantage of the current care and only ever as spot rate. Every service we offer, from expert guidance and content, to granting access to the interbank and cost of clearing the. The higher rate on documentary transactions has been justified as unchanged then the US dollar should depreciate against the Japanese. Foreign other countries exchange turnover is strengthening and the home exogenous value, this approach has been broadly questioned over time. Conversely, if the foreign currency after the spot date is greater than the available supply. Bilateral exchange rate involves a currency pair, while an effective goods for consumers in other average of a basket of foreign currencies, and it can for consumers in the low value currency country. Also in this transaction, the client beforehand knows both exchange. A lower exchange rate lowers refers to the system in which the rate of exchange of a currency is fixed minimise your risk of losing money.
Bilateral exchange rate involves a currency pair, while an effective exchange rate is a weighted average of a basket of foreign currencies, and it can be viewed as an overall measure of . How currency movements affect you. No-one can control exchange rates. They are affected by virtually any and all economic and political news. Anything from revised inflation forecasts to political machinations, from British house prices to an American President tweeting late at night, can shift the value of the currency you hold.
Currency exchange rates at airports
Deep water oil rig
How to file income tax return online for salaried employee
Inditex stock price history


text:
Q: .netcore context.Request.EnableRewind() throwing System.IO.Exception once buffer exceeds We have a production deployed application using netcoreapp2.0
We use context.Request.EnableRewind(); to read and log the request before processing.
Since few days intermittently we are getting below unhandled exception in kestrel hosted in AWS Docker ECS.
Basically our request size is more than 30 Kb that's why netcore trying to use filesystem buffer to rewind the request. And it is throwing File is readonly exception.
Is increasing the default buffer limit is the only way  to fix the issue.
context.Request.EnableRewind([int bufferthreashold 30720],long? bufferLimit = null]);

Or there is any other way to configure request rewind ?
Option to upgrade to 2.1 is not possible for us right now. I see it is fixed in 2.1
2019-06-24 14:09:49[41m[30mfail[39m[22m[49m: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel[13]
[41m[30mfail[39m[22m[49m: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel[13]
2019-06-24 14:09:49 Connection id "0HLKCN30834Q0",

Request id "0HLKCN30834Q0:0003B777": An unhandled exception was thrown by the application.
Connection id "0HLKCN30834Q0", Request id "0HLKCN30834Q0:0003B777": An unhandled exception was thrown by the application.
2019-06-24 14:09:49System.IO.IOException: Read-only file system
System.IO.IOException: Read-only file system

A: Fixed it by increasing the default buffer size.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Over 7,000 people laced up their running shoes on Sunday ready to make their way around the city in a bid to raise money for a host of charities.
Our photographer was there to capture those who took part – take a look and see if you can spot yourself as you put your feet up and enjoy a well earned cuppa!
Did you don fancy dress for todays run?
You definitely couldn't miss these ladies!
Could you imagine running in a suit?!


What is the purpose of my imagination?
Thoughts: When I use my imagination to make my life better it moves me closer to my authentic Self and my Higher Purpose.
Kelly McGonigal; health psychologist, meditation practitioner and author of "The Neuroscience of Change"; is an advocate for re-imagining how we interpret the way that stress impacts our body, mind, and spirit. Let's incorporate this notion into your meditation practice each day this week.
Kelly McGonigal's Tedtalk "How to Make Stress your Friend"


As the 2nd largest island of Thailand, Koh Samui has lots of markets for your shopping sprees. Whether you love shopping or just shop when you need to, Koh Samui will not let you down with strips and strips of tailor, boutique, and souvenir shops. Fisherman's Village and Bophut Plaza are within walking distance from our resort.


How To Choose A Catering Company For An Event?
A reputed company that offers event production services should be capable to present you the knowledge, knowledge, talent, and tools that will make your unique event as flourishing as you have imagined. No matter, you're planning for a wedding party, large business event, festival, or even concert; you wish that the production company make it victorious and entertaining for all concerned. No doubt, great events do not just happen just by accident, but they need to manage in a proper manner.
If you are planning to look for Catering for parties at home, it is better to look out for wonderful services offered by the selected company. If the companies offer right event production services also present choices to incorporate live music or even entertainment at the same time.
Best quality entertainment is generally the key to a victorious and pleasing event. Thus, if you wish to put together an event that has everybody talking, make sure to go with a business that not just offer great event production services, but at the same time quality entertainment.
The appropriate company can take harass of planning actions assisting to confirm they go off easily and appear easy to the guests. A right turnkey activity and production company can provide everything that is required. No matter, you need equipment, event management, ordering, decorations, entertainment, catering, staffing, worker payments, or something else; a practiced production company can manage everything, turning the life quite simple.
What will Catering and event planning do for you? Take examples comprises consultation, audio and video solutions, logistics, room design and decor, catering, talent attainment, hiring servers, calling in photographers or videographers, developing team building events and location scouting. You surely appoint a company to assist you with totally everything. On the other hand, you might be capable to select and pick the services that you need.
Are you looking for a staff, or do you previously have people employed to manage your event? The appropriate event management company can bring in their own executives and workers.
You can observe that the correct company can manage everything, helping to make sure the achievement of the episode. They can also fill in pieces of the event staffing and organization that you may shortage. The thought at the back of the companies is to assist you to systematize and plan an event that will meet your aims and to take away as much stress as possible so you are free to take pleasure in the event.
For more information about Catering for parties at home, Catering and event planning and Engagement party catering, Visit our website: www.thecaterersofadelaide.com.
How to Choose the Right Spit Roast Catering Company?


text:
Title 12 → Chapter II → Subchapter A → Part 205 → §205.9
PART 205—ELECTRONIC FUND TRANSFERS (REGULATION E)
§205.9 Receipts at electronic terminals; periodic statements.
(a) Receipts at electronic terminals—General. Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, a financial institution shall make a receipt available to a consumer at the time the consumer initiates an electronic fund transfer at an electronic terminal. The receipt shall set forth the following information, as applicable:
(1) Amount. The amount of the transfer. A transaction fee may be included in this amount, provided the amount of the fee is disclosed on the receipt and displayed on or at the terminal.
(2) Date. The date the consumer initiates the transfer.
(3) Type. The type of transfer and the type of the consumer's account(s) to or from which funds are transferred. The type of account may be omitted if the access device used is able to access only one account at that terminal.
(4) Identification. A number or code that identifies the consumer's account or accounts, or the access device used to initiate the transfer. The number or code need not exceed four digits or letters to comply with the requirements of this paragraph (a)(4).
(5) Terminal location. The location of the terminal where the transfer is initiated, or an identification such as a code or terminal number. Except in limited circumstances where all terminals are located in the same city or state, if the location is disclosed, it shall include the city and state or foreign country and one of the following:
(i) The street address; or
(ii) A generally accepted name for the specific location; or
(iii) The name of the owner or operator of the terminal if other than the account-holding institution.
(6) Third party transfer. The name of any third party to or from whom funds are transferred.
(b) Periodic statements. For an account to or from which electronic fund transfers can be made, a financial institution shall send a periodic statement for each monthly cycle in which an electronic fund transfer has occurred; and shall send a periodic statement at least quarterly if no transfer has occurred. The statement shall set forth the following information, as applicable:
(1) Transaction information. For each electronic fund transfer occurring during the cycle:
(i) The amount of the transfer;
(ii) The date the transfer was credited or debited to the consumer's account;
(iii) The type of transfer and type of account to or from which funds were transferred;
(iv) For a transfer initiated by the consumer at an electronic terminal (except for a deposit of cash or a check, draft, or similar paper instrument), the terminal location described in paragraph (a)(5) of this section; and
(v) The name of any third party to or from whom funds were transferred.
(2) Account number. The number of the account.
(3) Fees. The amount of any fees assessed against the account during the statement period for electronic fund transfers, for the right to make transfers, or for account maintenance.
(4) Account balances. The balance in the account at the beginning and at the close of the statement period.
(5) Address and telephone number for inquiries. The address and telephone number to be used for inquiries or notice of errors, preceded by "Direct inquiries to" or similar language. The address and telephone number provided on an error resolution notice under §205.8(b) given on or with the statement satisfies this requirement.
(6) Telephone number for preauthorized transfers. A telephone number the consumer may call to ascertain whether preauthorized transfers to the consumer's account have occurred, if the financial institution uses the telephone-notice option under
§205.10(a)(1)(iii).
(c) Exceptions to the periodic statement requirement for certain accounts—(1) Preauthorized transfers to accounts. For accounts that may be accessed only by preauthorized transfers to the account the following rules apply:
(i) Passbook accounts. For passbook accounts, the financial institution need not provide a periodic statement if the institution updates the passbook upon presentation or enters on a separate document the amount and date of each electronic fund transfer since the passbook was last presented.
(ii) Other accounts. For accounts other than passbook accounts, the financial institution must send a periodic statement at least quarterly.
(2) Intra-institutional transfers. For an electronic fund transfer initiated by the consumer between two accounts of the consumer in the same institution, documenting the transfer on a periodic statement for one of the two accounts satisfies the periodic statement requirement.
(3) Relationship between paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section. An account that is accessed by preauthorized transfers to the account described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section and by intra-institutional transfers described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, but by no other type of electronic fund transfers, qualifies for the exceptions provided by paragraph (c)(1) of this section .
(d) Documentation for foreign-initiated transfers. The failure by a financial institution to provide a terminal receipt for an electronic fund transfer or to document the transfer on a periodic statement does not violate this part if:
(1) The transfer is not initiated within a state; and
(2) The financial institution treats an inquiry for clarification or documentation as a notice of error in accordance with §205.11.
(e) Exception for receipts in small-value transfers. A financial institution is not subject to the requirement to make available a receipt under paragraph (a) of this section if the amount of the transfer is $15 or less.
[Reg. E, 61 FR 19669, May 2, 1996, as amended at 72 FR 36593, July 5, 2007]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Richard Howland Hunt (March 14, 1862 – July 12, 1931) was an American architect and member of the Hunt family of Vermont who worked with his brother Joseph Howland Hunt in New York City at Hunt & Hunt.

The brothers were sons of Richard Morris Hunt, the first American Beaux-Arts architect. Richard practiced in his father's office until the elder Hunt died in 1895, then continued to carry out his father's designs for the central block of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, not without initial resistance by the museum's trustees. In 1901, the brothers formed a partnership that lasted until Joseph's death in 1924.

Early life
Hunt was born on March 14, 1862, in Paris, where his father, Richard Morris Hunt (1827–1895), was completing his architectural studies. His mother, Catherine Clinton Howland (1841–1880), was the youngest daughter of the prominent merchant Samuel Shaw Howland of Howland & Aspinwall. His siblings were Catharine Howland Hunt (wife of Rear Adm. Livingston Hunt, son of William H. Hunt), fellow architect Joseph Howland Hunt, Esther Morris Hunt (wife of George Muirson Woolsey), and oilman Herbert Leavitt Hunt (who married Evelyn Frances Bell).

Hunt studied architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the École des Beaux-Arts, Paris, where his father had studied. His younger brother Joseph studied at Harvard College and the School of Architecture at Columbia University before following his brother to the École des Beaux-Arts, returning to New York in 1901.

Career
In 1887, Richard Hunt joined his father's offices, first as a draftsman and later an associate. After his father's death, he attracted wealthy clients and built residences such as the Margaret Shepard house at 5 East 66th Street in 1900 (today home to the Lotos Club).

Urban residences by Hunt & Hunt include the two Beaux-Arts houses designed for George W. Vanderbilt at 645 and 647 Fifth Avenue, known as The "Marble Twins". Only No. 647, a designated New York City Landmark, survives today.

The brothers were primarily known for their elegant residences in Long Island, Tuxedo Park, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Their armory building for the 69th Regiment, New York, was the first armory to abandon pseudo-medieval crenellations.

Hunt & Hunt projects
Alumnae House and Williams House, Vassar College. 1924. Half-timbered construction.

Memorial and sarcophagus for playwright Clyde Fitch at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City, 1910s.
George Washington Vanderbilt Houses, 645 and 647 Fifth Avenue, New York, called the "Marble Twins." 1902-05. Number 647 survives, a designated landmark, as the flagship store for Versace; the site of 645 is now Olympic Tower.
Forest Hall, Milford, Pennsylvania. 1903. For James Pinchot, for whom Richard Morris hunt had built Grey Towers. (National Register of Historic Places)
Sanderson estate, Oyster Bay, New York. (1885).
St. Mary's-in-Tuxedo Episcopal Church Rectory, Tuxedo Park, New York. 1895.
69th Regiment Armory, between 25th and 26th Streets and Lexington and Park Avenues. 1903-06.
 Saddle Rock House, Shippan Point, Connecticut, 1914, for inventor Thomas Robins.
 Terre Bonne, Shippan Point, Connecticut, 1914, for pioneer filmmaker/movie producer Frank J. Marion.
Edward Harden Mansion, Sleepy Hollow, New York, 1909.
Sabine Farm Greenwich, Connecticut, 1910, for publisher H. J. Fisher
First Precinct Police Station, New York. 1909-11.
Amos R. E. Pinchot House, Park Avenue at 85th Street. 1910.
Beacon Towers, Sands Point, New York, 1917–18, for Alva Belmont.  It was their last commission on the Gold Coast.

Collaborations with sculptors
As did many of the architects of the time, Hunt & Hunt designed bases and pedestals for sculptors.  These include:
William McKinley Monument by Charles Mulligan, Chicago, Illinois, 1905
Sighting the Enemy for Edward Clark Potter in Monroe, Michigan, 1910
Lafayette Monument by John Ferguson Weir, Milford, Pennsylvania

References
Notes

Bibliography
Mackay, Robert; Baker, Anthony; and Traynor, Carol eds. Long Island Country Houses And Their Architects 1860 to 1940

External links

Beaux Arts architects
1862 births
1931 deaths
American neoclassical architects
Architects from New York City
American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Hunt family of Vermont
19th-century American architects
20th-century American architects
Howland family

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
BME Distinguished Seminar Series: "Tissue Engineered Diagnostics " By Lonnie Shea, PhD, William and Valerie Hall Chair, Steven A. Goldstein Collegiate Professor, University of Michigan
Distinguished Lecture-web post logo1819.png
BME Distinguished Lecture Web Logo
60 Prescott Street (Gateway Park I)
Floor/Room #:
L.Shea Photo.jpg
Abstract: Tissue engineering has traditionally focused on restoring or replacing lost or damaged tissues. I will present our progress on engineering tissues as surrogates for natural tissues, which can be placed at readily accessible sites and biopsied to identify disease initiation or progression, and also the ability to monitor response to therapy. In metastatic breast cancer, the tissues to simulate are those distal to the primary tumor, specifically solid organs that have the capacity to recruit metastatic cells based on aberrant inflammatory processes. The aberrant inflammation associated with disease progression transforms the typical foreign body response at an implant to create a metastatic niche. Inflammation within the microporous polymer implants is progressively altered by disease, with inflammation analogous to that in the diseased lung. These differences were driven by select pro-tumor immune cell types that promote immunosuppression and metastasis. Following therapy, longitudinal tracking of inflammation at the implant in individual mice differentiated resistance versus response to therapy. The application of strategy to autoimmune disease will also be discussed. These results demonstrate that the biological response at biomaterial implants is a platform for detecting context-specific pathological states, which facilitates early detection of disease and therapeutic monitoring.
Biography: Lonnie Shea is the Chair of the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Michigan (U-M), which is joint between the College of Engineering and the School of Medicine. He received his PhD in chemical engineering and scientific computing from U-M in 1997, working with Professor Jennifer Linderman. He then served as a postdoctoral fellow with then ChE Professor David Mooney in the Department of Biologic and Materials Science at the U-M Dental School.
Shea was recruited to Northwestern University's Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and was on the faculty from 1999 to 2014. In 2014, Shea was recruited back to the University of Michigan as chair of the Department of Biomedical Engineering, with his recruitment coinciding with the endowment of the chair position by William and Valerie Hall. He is an internationally recognized researcher at the interface of regenerative medicine, drug and gene delivery, and immune-engineering, whose focus is on preventing tissue degeneration or promoting tissue regeneration. His projects include ovarian follicle maturation for treating infertility, islet transplantation for diabetes therapies, nerve regeneration for treating paralysis, autoimmune diseases and allogeneic cell transplantation, and cancer diagnostics. He is also developing and applying systems biology approaches to molecularly dissect tissue formation and identify key drivers of normal and abnormal growth. His technologies for immune tolerance are currently in clinical trials through the company Cour Pharmaceutical.
Shea has published more than 230 manuscripts, and has numerous inventions to his credit. He is the PI for the Coulter Foundation Translational Research grants committee at the University of Michigan. He served as director of Northwestern's NIH Biotechnology Training Grant and was a member of its Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine. He has received the Clemson Award from the Society for Biomaterials, is a fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) and the Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES), a member of the editorial boards for Molecular Therapy, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, and the Journal of Immunology and Regenerative Medicine.
Audience(s):
Department of Biomedical Engineering
bme-web@wpi.edu


text:
Q: Can SVN (on eclipse or not) consider \r and \n as white spaces? So the issue is eclipse thinks that this line:
if (true)
{
    return;
}

is diferent from this one:
if (true) {return;}

This makes a file with no actual changes have hundreds of changes and makes it hard to find what really changed, if we are looking for something specific.
I can tell eclipse\svn to ignore white spaces, why arent \r and \n considered white spaces? And why isn't there an option for that?

A: Classic diff compares file contents line by line, behavior that's been inherited/mimicked by RCS, CVS, SVN, and git. Also, for some languages, separating a line does change behavior.


text:
Radiating fin assembly
A radiating fin assembly comprises a plurality of radiating fins stacked together, wherein a folding edge is formed on opposite sides of the radiating fins, at both ends of the folding edge is formed a locking protrusion and a neck portion, a flexible slot is defined in the folding edge and located at both sides of the locking protrusion, and a plurality of notches are defined in the respective radiating fins, so that locking protrusions of one radiating fin are allowed to be engaged in the notches of another radiating fin. A flexible hook is formed on each of the locking protrusions and located correspondingly to a undersurface of the radiating fin, a rib is disposed on the flexible hook and connected to the locking protrusion, and at both sides of the respective locking protrusions and the notches are correspondingly arranged a plurality of positioning members.
Yang, Johnson (Jhonghe City, TW)
257/E23.103, 361/704, 165/185
H05K7/20; F28F3/02; H01L21/48; H01L23/367
20090242656 EVAPORATOR SPRAY SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOBILE CABIN AROMA ENHANCEMENT October, 2009 Peard et al.
20080142197 Heat Exchanger and Applications Thereof June, 2008 Van Andel et al.
20070215328 Coated heat sink September, 2007 Hsu et al.
20070056710 Apparatus for cooling communication equipment using heat pipe March, 2007 Lee
20080110602 TUBE SHIELD ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF SECURING SAME May, 2008 Woodson
20060243427 Heat pipe heat sink and method for fabricating the same November, 2006 Kitajima et al.
20090289461 Wind Energy Converter With Dehumidifier November, 2009 Larsen
20030051864 Device for cooling of heat-generating units March, 2003 Lundgren
20070204977 Heat exchanger for stationary air conditioning system with improved water condensate drainage September, 2007 Beamer et al.
20080128580 Polygon Tumble Assembler June, 2008 Wilson et al.
20090314462 System For The Heating, Ventilation, and/or Air Conditioning Of A Vehicle, Comprising At Least One Heat Exchanger Through Which A Heat-Transfer Fluid Flows December, 2009 Yahia et al.
WALBERG, TERESA J
CHARLES E. BAXLEY, ESQUIRE (90 JOHN STREET SUITE 403, NEW YORK, NY, 10038, US)
1. A radiating fin assembly comprising a plurality of radiating fins stacked together, wherein: a folding edge is formed on opposite sides of each of the radiating fins, respectively, at both ends of the folding edge is formed a locking protrusion being connected to the folding edge by an inward inclined neck portion, a flexible slot is defined in the folding edge and located at both sides of the locking protrusion, and a plurality of notches are defined in the radiating fin and located correspondingly to the locking protrusion, so that the locking protrusion of one radiating fin will be engaged in the notches of another radiating fin after two radiating fins are assembled together; and a flexible hook is formed on the locking protrusion and located correspondingly to a undersurface of the radiating fin, one side of the flexible hook is connected to the locking protrusion, and a rib is disposed on the flexible hook and connected to the locking protrusion, and at both sides of the locking protrusion and the notches are correspondingly arranged a plurality of positioning members
2. The radiating fin assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of guiding holes are defined in each of the radiating fins, so that tools are allowed to be inserted through the guiding holes for quick assembly of the radiating fins together.
3. The radiating fin assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein a guiding channel is formed in each of the notches for mating with the rib.
4. The radiating fin assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning members at both sides of the locking protrusion and the notches are positioning grooves and positioning blocks, and the positioning blocks of one radiating fin are to be engaged in the positioning grooves of another radiating fin when two radiating fins are assembled to each other.
The present invention relates to a radiating fin, and more particularly to a radiating fin assembly that can be assembled and disassembled easily without distortion.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A conventional radiating fin 10 as shown in FIG. 1 comprises a plurality of locking protrusions 12 formed on the folding edges 11 thereof, a notch 14 is defined in the edge of the locking protrusions 12 so that two radiating fins 10 can be assembled together through the engagement of the locking protrusions 12 and the notch 14. However, at the front end of the conventional locking protrusions 12 usually are formed differently shaped fastening lugs 13. After two radiating fins 10 are stacked together, the user has to bend the fastening lug 13 and make it abut against another surface of the notch 14, so that the radiating fins 10 can be assembled each firmly. However, such conventional radiating fin still has some disadvantages as follows:
First, it may have its own advantage if the fastening lug 13 is engaged with the other surface of the notch 14, however, such arrangement doesn't facilitate assembly and disassembly.
Second, the user has to bend the fastening lug 13, and this will cause permanent deformation to the fastening lug 13. When the user disassembles the radiating fin 10, although the already distorted fastening lug 13 can be bent again, it will be damaged and cannot be used again. Even worse, if the fastening lug 13 was bent inappropriately, it will adversely affect the stability of the radiating fin assembly (the parallel degree of the radiating fins will be distorted), and as a result, the rate of heat dissipation will be reduced.
Third, the stability of the conventional radiating fin fully depends on the engagement between the fin 12 and the notch 14, and the goodness of fit between the fin 12 and the notch 14 is determined by the consistency of the bending of the fastening lug 13. Therefore, the conventional radiating fin still needs to be improved in terms of stability, and the problems of loose engagement and distortion in parallel degree are also hard to be avoided.
The present invention has arisen to mitigate and/or obviate the afore-described disadvantages.
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a radiating fin assembly that can be assembled/disassembled easily and can be used repeatedly, wherein a folding edge is formed at opposite sides of the radiating fin, respectively, and a flexible slot is defined in the folding edge and located at both sides of the locking protrusion. A plurality of notches are defined in the radiating fin and located correspondingly to the locking protrusions. During assembly, the respective components of the present invention can be prevented from distortion and can be used repeatedly. In addition, the flexible hooks can enable the radiating fins to be assembled more easily.
The secondary objective of the present invention is to provide a radiating fin assembly that has an improved stability and a high parallel degree. The flexible connection between the hook and the locking protrusion can prevent distortion of parallel degree. Furthermore, a plurality of positioning members is arranged on the radiating fins for prevention of over-distortion and deviation. Thereby stability of the radiating fin assembly of the present invention is improved, and the problems of loose engagement and distortion in parallel degree also can be eliminated.
The present invention will become more obvious from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which show, for purpose of illustrations only, the preferred embodiments in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a conventional radiating flange;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of showing laminated radiating fins in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial exploded view of the radiating fin in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another partial exploded view of the radiating fin in accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 5 is assembly cross sectional view of showing the laminated radiating fins in accordance with the present invention.
Referring to FIGS. 2-5, a radiating fin assembly in accordance with the present invention comprises a plurality of radiating fins 20 stacked together.
The radiating fin 20 is a plate formed with a plurality of guiding holes 21 at the upper surface thereof. At two opposite sides of the radiating fin 20 is formed a folding edges 22, and at both ends of the folding edge 22 is formed a locking protrusion 221 connected to the folding edge 22 by an inward inclined neck portion 222. A flexible slot 223 is defined in the folding edge 22 and located at both sides of the locking protrusion 221, and a plurality of notches 23 are defined in the radiating fin 20 and located correspondingly to the locking protrusions 221, so that the locking protrusions 221 of one radiating fin 20 can be engaged in the notches 23 of another radiating fin 20.
A flexible hook 2211 is formed on each of the locking protrusions 221 and located correspondingly to the undersurface 201 of the radiating fin 20, one side of the flexible hook 2211 is connected with the locking protrusion 221, and a rib 2212 is disposed on the flexible hook 2211 and connected to the locking protrusion 221. A guiding channel 231 is formed in the notch 23 for mating with the rib 2212.
At both sides of the notch 23 is formed a positioning groove 232 (one of the aforesaid positioning member), respectively, and a protruding positioning block 224 (one of the aforesaid positioning member) is formed near each of the flexible slots 223 of the edge of the locking protrusion 221 and is to be pushed into the positioning groove 232 when two radiating fins 20 are assembled to each other.
For a better understanding of the present invention, its operations and functions, references should be made to FIGS. 2 and 5, when assembling two radiating fins 20 together, initially, the user can insert tools into the guiding holes 21 of a first radiating fin 20, and then introduce it into a second radiating fin 20. At this moment, the inclined inward neck portion 222 of the locking protrusion 221 of the second radiating fin 20 will face toward the notch 23, and the rib 2212 of the flange 221 will be guided into the guiding channel 231 of the notch 23, so that the flexible hook 2211 can be compressed and guided into the notch 23 smoothly. And then, under the effect of its own flexibility and the rib 2212, the flexible hook 2211 will restore its original shape immediately after being inserted into the notch 23, and the restored flexible hook 2211 will press against the undersurface 201 of the radiating fins 20. In this way, a plurality of radiating fins 20 can be assembled together. When disassembling the assembly of the radiating fins 20, the user only needs to press the flexible hook 2211 so as to make it disengage from the notch 23. By such arrangements, not only the flexible hook. 2211 can be prevented from distortion, but also the radiating fins 20 can be assembled to and disassembled from each other very conveniently.
It still to be noted that since the rib 2212 of the flexible hook 2211 of the locking protrusion 221 is guided by the guiding channel 231 of the notch 23, the flexible hook 2211 can be positioned firmly (prevented from distortion). Besides, the positioning block 224 of the locking protrusion 221 of the radiating fin 20 will be pushed against the positioning grooves 232 of another radiating fin 20, thereby stability of the radiating fin assembly of the present invention is improved, and the problems of loose engagement and distortion in parallel degree also can be eliminated.
While we have shown and described various embodiments in accordance with the present invention, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that further embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
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Lyft and Uber are currently in a heated battled for car-on-demand services.
So much so that Lyft recently accused Uber of ordering and cancelling 5000+ rides as a way to disrupt Lyft's services. They even claims that 177 Uber employees around the country were involved.
The reason for the heated competition is that there's big money on the line for car-on-demand services. Uber's latest round of $1.2 billion in funding values them at $17 billion to $18.2 billion. That means there's a lot at stake for Uber to dominate the market.
This competition spills over to PPC ads, something we're quite familiar with here at iSpionage. Doing a quick iSpionage search we found the following data about Uber and Lyft's PPC spending from last month.
As you can see, Uber spent between $82,000 and $121,000 while Lyft spent $19,812 to $29,879. This might make it seem like Uber spends four times per month than Lyft, but the monthly averages tell a slightly different story.
Uber estimated ad budget for the last 12 months
Lyft estimated ad budget for the last 12 months
The monthly estimates show us that Uber spent twice as much over the past year with approximately $1,660,000 spent on PPC ads, but Lyft comes in with a healthy $863,000 spent (enough spending to apparently keep Uber looking over their shoulder).
One data point that stands out is that both companies had big advertising months with Uber spending approximately $359,000 in February and Lyft following suit with a $478,000 month in March. Spending for each went down after those big months, but it looks like the two services may have gotten into a spending war for at least a short period of time.
From the summary tabs we can see that Uber is using 1,492 ads for 19,174 keywords. As a comparison, Lyft is using 814 ads for 15,198 keywords, as seen below.
By looking at the top keywords, we see that interestingly the advertising strategies appear to be different. Uber's top keywords are focused on cab services with seven of their top 10 ads being for cab services of some sort.
The top 10 keywords for Lyft, on the other hand, are all focused on recruiting new drivers with keywords based on delivery and driving jobs. This doesn't mean that Lyft isn't bidding on terms like "cab fares in Chicago," which they are, but Lyft's top keywords seem to point to more emphasis on recruiting new drivers for the service than getting more riders.
What does this tell us about the two services?
It seems to reinforce what we already know that Uber is the leader in the space and that Lyft is fighting to compete. The fact that Uber can devote a greater percentage of their budget to get new riders indicates that Lyft is still playing catch up by focusing on recruiting new drivers for their service and can't afford to spend as much to get new rides.
This trend continues as we look at the top ads for each service as measured by iSpionage's proprietary Ads Effectiveness Index (AEI). Uber's top five ads target people looking for a taxi-type of service, but Lyft's once again are dedicated to finding new drivers with headlines like "Make $500 Per Weekend" and "Start Driving for Lift." You can see the ads yourself in the images below along with the corresponding AEI score.
Next, we'd like to take a look at some landing pages for each company to see where they're directing traffic. The best practice is to send people to a page with information about what searchers are looking for, so we'll double check to see if either company simply drops people onto their homepage or if they're following PPC best practices.
Uber sends all of their top five ads to the exact same page—a mobile-optimized form to sign up for the service. It's very sleek and focuses all of the visitors attention on signing up for the app without any kind of distracting links or extra information. Here's what it looks like (you can also click here to see the live version):
Lyft's landing page is somewhat similar. It's a simple page with a nice, beautiful background image and an excellent headline that says, "Make $35 Per Hour Driving Your Own Car." Here's what it looks like (with the live version viewable here):
If we happened to be a competitor of either Uber or Lyft, we would also set up competitive alerts and keyword alerts in iSpionage to let us know when one or the other makes a change. Competitive alerts are a great way to keep up with your competition and to know when they make significant changes to their PPC campaigns that can affect your business. You simply set up an alert based on a competitor's URL or an important keyword and receive a notification email whenever anything changes, something that's especially beneficial when you have as much on the line as Uber and Lyft do in fighting to come out on top in the car-on-demand space.
It's too soon at this point to know whether or not Lyft's complaint about Uber's underhanded practices actually took place or not, but one thing we do know for sure is that the battle for car-on-demand service is just as heated online when it comes to PPC advertising as it is offline when it comes to finding more drivers and riders.
Article note: The budget numbers in this post are estimates based on publicly available data and will not match the actual advertising spend 100%.
http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/kicking-tires-ubers-17-billion-valuation-worth-much/
http://money.cnn.com/2014/08/11/technology/uber-fake-ride-requests-lyft/
Joe Putnam is the blog editor at iSpionage. You can get in touch with him on Twitter at @josephputnam.
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Western blot analysis of extracts from BaF3, Raw264.7 and C2C12 cell lines, using Caspase-8 Antibody (Mouse Specific).
Western blot analysis of extracts from 293T cells, mock transfected (-) or transfected with a construct overexpressing mouse caspase-8 (mCasp8) (+), using Cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp387) (D5B2) XP® Rabbit mAb (Mouse Specific).
Western blot analysis of extracts from L929 cells, untreated or Brefeldin A-treated (10 µM, 30 hours), using Caspase-12 Antibody.
Western blot analysis of extracts from NIH/3T3 cells, untreated, staurosporine-treated (1 µM), or cytochrome c-treated (0.25 mg/ml), using Caspase-9 Antibody. p39: caspase-9 cleaved at Asp368. p37: caspase-9 cleaved at Asp353.
Western blot analysis of extracts from L929 cells, untreated or staurosporine-treated, using Cleaved Caspase-9 (Asp353) Antibody (upper) or Caspase-9 Antibody #9504 (lower).
Western blot analysis of NIH/3T3 cells, untreated or staurosporine-treated (1 µM), using Cleaved PARP (Asp214) (7C9) Mouse mAb (Mouse Specific).
Western blot analysis of extracts from CTLL-2 cells, untreated or treated with cycloheximide (CHX, 10 μg/ml, overnight) followed by hTNF-α #8902 (20 ng/ml, 4 hours), using Cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp387) (D5B2) XP® Rabbit mAb (Mouse Specific).
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of NIH/3T3 cells, staurosporine-treated (left) or untreated (right), using Cleaved Caspase-9 (Asp353) Antibody (Mouse Specific) (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5® #4084 (fluorescent DNA dye).
Flow cytometric analysis of CTLL-2 cells, untreated (red) or treated with cyclohexamide and hTNF-α #8902 (blue), using Cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp387) (D5B2) XP® Rabbit mAb (Mouse Specific).
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of Raw 264.7 cells, untreated (left) or treated with TNF-α and Cycloheximide (20 ng/ml and 2.5 ug/ml, 4 hours and 3 hours; right), using Cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp387) (D5B2) XP® Rabbit mAb (Mouse Specific) (green). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5® #4084 (fluorescent DNA dye).
The Apoptosis Antibody Sampler Kit (Mouse Specific) is designed for use with mouse samples and offers an economical means to evaluate the levels of active and inactive caspases. The kit contains enough primary and secondary antibodies to perform two Western blot experiments with each antibody.
Each antibody in the Apoptosis Antibody Sampler Kit (Mouse Preferred) recognizes endogenous levels of its respective target. Caspase-3 (D3R6Y) Rabbit mAb detects full-length caspase-3 (35 kDa) as well as the large subunit (17/19 kDa) of caspase-3 resulting from cleavage during apoptosis. Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) (5A1) Rabbit mAb detects the large fragment (17/19 kDa) of caspase-3 resulting from cleavage adjacent to Asp175. Caspase-8 Antibody (Mouse Specific) detects full length (57 kDa) and the cleaved intermediate (p43) of mouse caspase-8. Cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp387) (D5B2) XP® Rabbit mAb (Mouse Specific) detects the p18 subunit of mouse caspase-8 resulting from cleavage at Asp387and the cleavage product containing the pro-domain (p43). Caspase-9 Antibody (Mouse Specific) detects both full length (49 kDa) and the large fragments of mouse caspase-9 resulting from cleavage at aspartic acid 353 (37 kDa) and/or aspartic acid 368 (39 kDa). Cleaved Caspase-9 (Asp353) Antibody (Mouse Specific) detects the 37kDa subunit of mouse caspase-9 only after cleavage at aspartic acid 353. Non-specific proteins that are induced by apoptosis under certain conditions may be detected. Caspase-12 Antibody detects full-length mouse caspase-12 protein (55 kDa) and its cleaved product (42 kDa). Cleaved PARP (Asp214) (7C9) mouse mAb (Mouse Specific) detects the large fragment (89 kDa) of mouse PARP1 resulting from caspase cleavage.
Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with synthetic peptides corresponding to residues surrounding Asp387 of mouse caspase-8 protein, or carboxy-terminal residues surrounding Asp214 in mouse PARP protein. Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with recombinant protein specific to the p20 subunit of human caspase-3 protein. Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with synthetic peptides corresponding to a region within the large 18 kDa subunit of mouse caspase-8 protein, residues adjacent to Asp353 of mouse caspase-9 protein, or residues surrounding amino acid 158 of mouse caspase-12 protein. Polyclonal antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Apoptosis is a regulated physiological process leading to cell death. Caspases, a family of cysteine acid proteases, are central regulators of apoptosis. Initiator caspases (including 8, 9, 10 and 12) are closely coupled to proapoptotic signals. Once activated, these caspases cleave and activate downstream effector caspases (including 3, 6 and 7), which in turn cleave cytoskeletal and nuclear proteins like PARP, α-fodrin, DFF and lamin A, and induce apoptosis. Cytochrome c released from mitochondria is coupled to the activation of caspase-9, a key initiator caspase (1). Proapoptotic stimuli include the FasL, TNF-α, DNA damage and ER stress. Fas and TNFR activate caspases 8 and 10 (2), DNA damage leads to the activation of caspase-9 and ER stress leads to the calcium-mediated activation of caspase-12 (3). The inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family includes XIAP and survivin and functions by binding and inhibiting several caspases (4,5). Smac/Diablo, a mitochondrial protein, is released into the cytosol upon mitochondrial stress and competes with caspases for binding of IAPs. The interaction of Smac/Diablo with IAPs relieves the inhibitory effects of the IAPs on caspases (6).
Baker, S.J. and Reddy, E.P. (1998) Oncogene 17, 3261-3270.
Budihardjo, I. et al. (1999) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 15, 269-90.
Nakagawa, T. et al. (2000) Nature 403, 98-103.
Du, C. et al. (2000) Cell 102, 33-42.
Denecker, G. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 19706-19714.
Olney, J. W. et al. (2002) Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 133 (2), 115-126.
Schroder, A. J. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168 (3), 996-1000.
Biton, S. and Ashkenazi, A. (2011) Cell 145, 92-103.


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text:
Operation launched following daring escape of militants: 1,356 arrested in 24 hours
Khalid Umar Malik
DHAKA, Bangladesh - In the last 24 hours to Sunday night, police arrested at least 1,356 suspects as part of a special operation to maintain law and order that began on December 1.
The 15-day operation was ordered by the Police Headquarters in response to the daring escape of two militants on death row from police custody in front of a Dhaka court recently, as well as to secure the celebrations of Victory Day on December 16 and Christmas and New Year's Eve on December 31.
According to police, the arrestees face formal charges.
According to Md Manzur Rahman, a spokesman for the Police Headquarters, the suspects were apprehended in 2,231 raids, and 358 cases have already been filed in these cases.
In an order issued on November 29, every police unit in the country was directed to conduct special raids in hotels, community housing, dormitories, and any other location that could be used as a lair for criminals and militants.


text:
Vaccinated people accounted for 30% of COVID-19 deaths last year: Ong Ye Kung
File photo of Sinovac vaccine.
Grace Yeoh
@GraceYeohCNA
SINGAPORE: Fully vaccinated individuals accounted for 30 per cent of Singapore's COVID-19 deaths last year, said Health Minister Ong Ye Kung on Monday (Jan 10).
Of the 802 COVID-19 deaths in Singapore last year, 247 were fully vaccinated.
Most of the vaccinated individuals who died from COVID-19 had received non-mRNA vaccines, according to crude incidence rates of deaths provided by Mr Ong.
Speaking in Parliament, Mr Ong provided the crude incidence rates based on type of vaccination: 11 deaths per 100,000 for those vaccinated with Sinovac, 7.8 per 100,000 for Sinopharm, 6.2 per 100,000 for Pfizer-BioNTech, and 1 per 100,000 for Moderna.
"Be mindful we are calculating this based on quite a small sample of 247 deaths ... These rates are only indicative since they do not account for other factors which can affect mortality such as the age and timing of vaccination," said Mr Ong.
COVID-19 medical bills for kids aged 12 and below will be paid for regardless of vaccination status: Ong Ye Kung
'Currently no plans' to make COVID-19 vaccination compulsory for primary school, pre-school attendance: Chan Chun Sing
Singapore hopes to ride through Omicron wave with measures tightened only as 'last resort'
CONVINCING THE MEDICALLY ELIGIBLE
The remaining 555 people who died from COVID-19 last year were not fully vaccinated.
Although the unvaccinated represents a "small proportion" of Singapore's population, those deaths accounted for 70 per cent of the total COVID-19 deaths last year, added Mr Ong.
Currently, around 132,000 people aged 18 and above remain unvaccinated, while there are around 300 people who are medically ineligible, said Mr Ong.
"We will continue to try to convince those who are medically eligible to get vaccinated, through their primary care physicians, public messaging and the media. But as the number gets smaller, it is also harder to convince them."
MOH has managed to vaccinate "well over 90 per cent" of every eligible age group over the past months, he added.
"We are especially happy to see that amongst seniors aged 60 to 69, and 70 and above, 96 per cent and 95 per cent have been fully vaccinated respectively."
As for those aged 12 to 19 years old, 95 per cent are fully vaccinated, said Mr Ong, while response has been "good" and operations have been "smooth" for vaccinations among younger children aged five to 11.
"At this time, only the Pfizer-BioNTech/Comirnaty vaccine is authorised for use in ages below 18 years. We will continue to monitor closely the availability of other vaccines, including non-mRNA vaccines that are approved for use in children," added Mr Ong.
More than 50% of primary school students have signed up to get vaccinated: Chan Chun Sing
BOOSTER PROGRAMME GATHERING PACE
Singapore's booster programme is "gathering pace", with about 46 per cent of the population having received their boosters, said Mr Ong.
"We have recently brought some 900,000 individuals aged 18 to 29 into the booster programme, of whom 700,000 are already eligible to receive their boosters today."
Mr Ong added that booster coverage will continue to expand over the month of January. MOH has also set a validity period for full vaccination status of 270 days, to send "a strong signal to our population".
However, it is "still too early to tell" whether there is a need for further booster shots, he said. Israel is the only country that has authorised a fourth dose for non-immunocompromised individuals.
Mr Ong also drew reference from influenza, which is an endemic infectious disease, about how Singapore can learn to live with COVID-19.
"The (influenza) virus mutates frequently, so people receive vaccinations every year to protect themselves against it, without many problems, or the need for disruptive border closures and social restrictions each time there is an influenza infection wave," he said.
"It is a possible future scenario when we live with COVID-19 as an endemic disease."
Source: CNA/gy
COVID-19 COVID-19 vaccination Singapore Parliament


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London Skills & Development Network (LSDN) is a not-for-profit Social Enterprise, we provide adult education and community learning across London and surrounding areas. As well as managing and delivering a diverse range of education and training programmes and courses, LSDN also offers a range of consultancy and capacity building support services to the education and training sector.
As part of its remit, LSDN founded and now manages Skills & Development Alliance, a consortium of highly experienced and successful education and training providers who deliver a range of adult education and training in some of the most disadvantaged communities in and around London.
In addition to Skills & Development Alliance, LSDN also runs Apprenticeships in Action an Agency which recruits and supplies Apprentices and provides end to end Apprenticeship training and support service; Railway Training Network an education and training project for future rail engineers and transport workers, and Career Development Network which provides Advanced and Higher level professional and academic programmes for existing and aspiring professionals, managers and those who wish to progress to university or other forms of Higher Education.
Community service providers (e.g. youth services, drug and alcohol services, schools, NHS etc).


Dairy Hollow is a tiny farmhouse nestled in the Ozark hills in the Victorian resort town of Eureka Springs, Arkansas. In 1979, Crescent Dragonwagon purchased the small two-bedroom house, originally built in 1889, with her husband, Ned Shank, a preservationist-architectural marketer. After much ``interpretive restoration'' and hard work, they opened their home as Dairy Hollow House in 1981, slightly larger than the original farmhouse and with cottages for half a dozen people.
And now, with the help of co-author Jan Brown, Ms. Dragonwagon has crafted a cookbook commemorating the name and ideals of this farmhouse-restaurant.
``The Dairy Hollow House Cookbook'' (Macmillan, $19.95) is full of recipes and is also liberally sprinkled with delightful poems, quotations, drawings, ideas for flower arrangements, anecdotes, and the history of the Dairy Hollow House Inn, where it all began.
``To own a country inn of this type is to be committed to tending the flame of a certain sweetness and romance,'' Dragonwagon said in a phone interview. ``That committment has to do with being small and personal and caring, qualities that simply cannot be faked and that make a business like ours what it is.
``In our cooking, we aim for our own kind of style. Our dishes are abundant, original, fresh, lighter, filling, sometimes rich but not heavy, based not on the absence of anything but rather the presence of many lovingly chosen ingredients.
As a teenager, one of her favorite authors was M. F. K. Fisher, who inspired both her cooking and writing. Today, Dragonwagon is a novelist and children's book author with more than 20 books to her credit.
During the sixties, Eureka Springs was a small, rather isolated Victorian hill town, and it was during this period that she adopted her rather fairy tale-like name which has stayed with her long enough to be well-known by readers of her books.
She and Jan Brown mingled recipes and viewpoints to concoct the latest cookbook.
``I told Crescent we'd just have to use my recipe for Black Russian Rye Bread,'' Ms. Brown recalls. ``It's so good. But Crescent said SHE had a really super recipe for Black Russian Bread, too. It turns out our recipes were identical -- so we put it in the cookbook, of course.
The mixed fare of their cookbook tries to anticipate the tastes of a variety of eaters interested in experimenting with the types of food Dragonwagon serves in her country inn.
One of Jan's most popular recipes is for a classic Ozark dish -- country-fried chicken with milk gravy. It's in the cookbook, of course.
A third-generation Kansas farm girl, Jan grew up on her mother's and grandmother's fried chicken. ``I remember the fights that broke out among the nine children in our family over who would get the `crispy' left on the paper towels the finished chicken drained on,'' she says.
Preheat oven to 450 degrees F. Combine first five ingredients and beat together until very smooth; set aside.
Melt butter in a 12-inch cast-iron skillet. When skillet is quite hot, pour in batter and put skillet in oven. Bake 15 minutes at 450 degrees F.; lower oven temperature to 350 degrees F. and bake another 10 minutes.
In a heavy skillet melt 4 tablespoons butter and lightly saut'e prepared fruit in season, peeled, if necessary. )Specifics follow.) As it softens, drizzle over fruit 1/4 cup honey or brown or white sugar; a dash each of cinnamon and nutmeg.
Place chicken in large, shallow dish and cover with milk. Let sit 10 minutes.
You want oil to reach about 375 degrees F. by thermometer. As oil heats, blend together in large bowl the flour, paprika, salt and pepper.
Remove chicken from milk and dip each piece into flour, dredging thoroughly. When oil is at 375 degrees F., place floured chicken in pan, crowding until all are in. Add onion among chicken pieces. Cover and cook over medium heat 12 to 15 minutes. Turn each piece with tongs or fork, fry 10 minutes more.
Pour off and discard oil from skillet, except about 3 tablespoons oil. Leave little brown crumbles in skillet for texture and flavor.
Blend flour into oil and stir until smooth. Place over medium heat and whisk while adding milk gradually. If cooking potatoes for mashed potatoes, you may use half potato water and half milk.
Whisk and stir until gravy is smooth and thickened and piping hot and free of any raw flour taste. Add salt and pepper. Go easy with salt if using potato water as part of liquid.
Pour finished gravy into gravy boat. Serve with warm, just-fried chicken.
True country accompaniments would be mashed potatoes with plenty of butter, corn on the cob, buttermilk biscuits, homemade blackberry jam, more butter, freshly sliced tomatoes, cole slaw, and fresh peach pie.


text:
#include "squid.h"
#include "Generic.h"
#include "mem_node.h"
#include "MemObject.h"
#include "profiler/Profiler.h"
#include "stmem.h"

/*
 * NodeGet() is called to get the data buffer to pass to storeIOWrite().
 * By setting the write_pending flag here we are assuming that there
 * will be no other users of NodeGet().  The storeIOWrite() callback
 * is memNodeWriteComplete(), which, for whatever reason, lives in
 * mem_node.cc.
 */
char *
mem_hdr::NodeGet(mem_node * aNode)
{
    assert(!aNode->write_pending);
    aNode->write_pending = 1;
    return aNode->data;
}

int64_t
mem_hdr::lowestOffset () const
{
    const SplayNode<mem_node *> *theStart = nodes.start();

    if (theStart)
        return theStart->data->nodeBuffer.offset;

    return 0;
}

int64_t
mem_hdr::endOffset () const
{
    int64_t result = 0;
    const SplayNode<mem_node *> *theEnd = nodes.finish();

    if (theEnd)
        result = theEnd->data->dataRange().end;

    assert (result == inmem_hi);

    return result;
}

void
mem_hdr::freeContent()
{
    nodes.destroy(SplayNode<mem_node *>::DefaultFree);
    inmem_hi = 0;
    debugs(19, 9, HERE << this << " hi: " << inmem_hi);
}

bool
mem_hdr::unlink(mem_node *aNode)
{
    if (aNode->write_pending) {
        debugs(0, DBG_CRITICAL, "cannot unlink mem_node " << aNode << " while write_pending");
        return false;
    }

    nodes.remove (aNode, NodeCompare);
    delete aNode;
    return true;
}

int64_t
mem_hdr::freeDataUpto(int64_t target_offset)
{
    /* keep the last one to avoid change to other part of code */
    SplayNode<mem_node*> const * theStart;

    while ((theStart = nodes.start())) {
        if (theStart == nodes.finish())
            break;

        if (theStart->data->end() > target_offset )
            break;

        if (!unlink(theStart->data))
            break;
    }

    assert (lowestOffset () <= target_offset);

    return lowestOffset ();
}

int
mem_hdr::appendToNode(mem_node *aNode, const char *data, int maxLength)
{
    size_t result = writeAvailable (aNode, aNode->nodeBuffer.offset + aNode->nodeBuffer.length ,maxLength, data);
    return result;
}

size_t
mem_hdr::writeAvailable(mem_node *aNode, int64_t location, size_t amount, char const *source)
{
    /* if we attempt to overwrite existing data or leave a gap within a node */
    assert (location == aNode->nodeBuffer.offset + (int64_t)aNode->nodeBuffer.length);
    /* And we are not at the end of the node */
    assert (aNode->canAccept (location));

    /* these two can go I think */
    assert (location - aNode->nodeBuffer.offset == (int64_t)aNode->nodeBuffer.length);
    size_t copyLen = min(amount, aNode->space());

    memcpy(aNode->nodeBuffer.data + aNode->nodeBuffer.length, source, copyLen);

    debugs(19, 9, HERE << this << " hi: " << inmem_hi);
    if (inmem_hi <= location)
        inmem_hi = location + copyLen;

    /* Adjust the ptr and len according to what was deposited in the page */
    aNode->nodeBuffer.length += copyLen;

    debugs(19, 9, HERE << this << " hi: " << inmem_hi);
    debugs(19, 9, HERE << this << " hi: " << endOffset());
    return copyLen;
}

void
mem_hdr::appendNode (mem_node *aNode)
{
    nodes.insert (aNode, NodeCompare);
}

void
mem_hdr::makeAppendSpace()
{
    if (!nodes.size()) {
        appendNode (new mem_node (0));
        return;
    }

    if (!nodes.finish()->data->space())
        appendNode (new mem_node (endOffset()));

    assert (nodes.finish()->data->space());
}

void
mem_hdr::internalAppend(const char *data, int len)
{
    debugs(19, 6, "memInternalAppend: " << this << " len " << len);

    while (len > 0) {
        makeAppendSpace();
        int copied = appendToNode (nodes.finish()->data, data, len);
        assert (copied);

        len -= copied;
        data += copied;
    }
}

/* returns a mem_node that contains location..
 * If no node contains the start, it returns NULL.
 */
mem_node *
mem_hdr::getBlockContainingLocation (int64_t location) const
{
    // Optimize: do not create a whole mem_node just to store location
    mem_node target (location);
    target.nodeBuffer.length = 1;
    mem_node *const *result = nodes.find (&target, NodeCompare);

    if (result)
        return *result;

    return NULL;
}

size_t
mem_hdr::copyAvailable(mem_node *aNode, int64_t location, size_t amount, char *target) const
{
    if (aNode->nodeBuffer.offset > location)
        return 0;

    assert (aNode->nodeBuffer.offset <= location);

    assert (aNode->end() > location);

    size_t copyOffset = location - aNode->nodeBuffer.offset;

    size_t copyLen = min(amount, aNode->nodeBuffer.length - copyOffset);

    memcpy(target, aNode->nodeBuffer.data + copyOffset, copyLen);

    return copyLen;
}

void
mem_hdr::debugDump() const
{
    debugs (19, 0, "mem_hdr::debugDump: lowest offset: " << lowestOffset() << " highest offset + 1: " << endOffset() << ".");
    std::ostringstream result;
    PointerPrinter<mem_node *> foo(result, " - ");
    for_each (getNodes().begin(), getNodes().end(), foo);
    debugs (19, 0, "mem_hdr::debugDump: Current available data is: " << result.str() << ".");
}

/* FIXME: how do we deal with sparse results -
 * where we have (say)
 * 0-500 and 1000-1500, but are asked for
 * 0-2000
 * Partial answer:
 * we supply 0-500 and stop.
 */
ssize_t
mem_hdr::copy(StoreIOBuffer const &target) const
{

    assert(target.range().end > target.range().start);
    debugs(19, 6, "memCopy: " << this << " " << target.range());

    /* we shouldn't ever ask for absent offsets */

    if (nodes.size() == 0) {
        debugs(19, DBG_IMPORTANT, "mem_hdr::copy: No data to read");
        debugDump();
        assert (0);
        return 0;
    }

    /* RC: the next assert is nearly useless */
    assert(target.length > 0);

    /* Seek our way into store */
    mem_node *p = getBlockContainingLocation(target.offset);

    if (!p) {
        debugs(19, DBG_IMPORTANT, "memCopy: could not find start of " << target.range() <<
               " in memory.");
        debugDump();
        fatal("Squid has attempted to read data from memory that is not present. This is an indication of of (pre-3.0) code that hasn't been updated to deal with sparse objects in memory. Squid should coredump.allowing to review the cause. Immediately preceeding this message is a dump of the available data in the format [start,end). The [ means from the value, the ) means up to the value. I.e. [1,5) means that there are 4 bytes of data, at offsets 1,2,3,4.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    size_t bytes_to_go = target.length;
    char *ptr_to_buf = target.data;
    int64_t location = target.offset;

    /* Start copying begining with this block until
     * we're satiated */

    while (p && bytes_to_go > 0) {
        size_t bytes_to_copy = copyAvailable (p,
                                              location, bytes_to_go, ptr_to_buf);

        /* hit a sparse patch */

        if (bytes_to_copy == 0)
            return target.length - bytes_to_go;

        location += bytes_to_copy;

        ptr_to_buf += bytes_to_copy;

        bytes_to_go -= bytes_to_copy;

        p = getBlockContainingLocation(location);
    }

    return target.length - bytes_to_go;
}

bool
mem_hdr::hasContigousContentRange(Range<int64_t> const & range) const
{
    int64_t currentStart = range.start;

    while (mem_node *curr = getBlockContainingLocation(currentStart)) {
        currentStart = curr->end();

        if (currentStart >= range.end)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

bool
mem_hdr::unionNotEmpty(StoreIOBuffer const &candidate)
{
    assert (candidate.offset >= 0);
    mem_node target(candidate.offset);
    target.nodeBuffer.length = candidate.length;
    return nodes.find (&target, NodeCompare);
}

mem_node *
mem_hdr::nodeToRecieve(int64_t offset)
{
    /* case 1: Nothing in memory */

    if (!nodes.size()) {
        appendNode (new mem_node(offset));
        return nodes.start()->data;
    }

    mem_node *candidate = NULL;
    /* case 2: location fits within an extant node */

    if (offset > 0) {
        mem_node search (offset - 1);
        search.nodeBuffer.length = 1;
        mem_node *const *leadup =  nodes.find (&search, NodeCompare);

        if (leadup)
            candidate = *leadup;
    }

    if (candidate && candidate->canAccept(offset))
        return candidate;

    /* candidate can't accept, so we need a new node */
    candidate = new mem_node(offset);

    appendNode (candidate);

    /* simpler to write than a indented if */
    return candidate;
}

bool
mem_hdr::write (StoreIOBuffer const &writeBuffer)
{
    PROF_start(mem_hdr_write);
    debugs(19, 6, "mem_hdr::write: " << this << " " << writeBuffer.range() << " object end " << endOffset());

    if (unionNotEmpty(writeBuffer)) {
        debugs(19, DBG_CRITICAL, "mem_hdr::write: writeBuffer: " << writeBuffer.range());
        debugDump();
        fatal("Attempt to overwrite already in-memory data. Preceeding this there should be a mem_hdr::write output that lists the attempted write, and the currently present data. Please get a 'backtrace full' from this error - using the generated core, and file a bug report with the squid developers including the last 10 lines of cache.log and the backtrace.\n");
        PROF_stop(mem_hdr_write);
        return false;
    }

    assert (writeBuffer.offset >= 0);

    mem_node *target;
    int64_t currentOffset = writeBuffer.offset;
    char *currentSource = writeBuffer.data;
    size_t len = writeBuffer.length;

    while (len && (target = nodeToRecieve(currentOffset))) {
        size_t wrote = writeAvailable(target, currentOffset, len, currentSource);
        assert (wrote);
        len -= wrote;
        currentOffset += wrote;
        currentSource += wrote;
    }

    PROF_stop(mem_hdr_write);
    return true;
}

mem_hdr::mem_hdr() : inmem_hi(0)
{
    debugs(19, 9, HERE << this << " hi: " << inmem_hi);
}

mem_hdr::~mem_hdr()
{
    freeContent();
}

/* splay of mem nodes:
 * conditions:
 * a = b if a.intersection(b).size > 0;
 * a < b if a < b
 */
int
mem_hdr::NodeCompare(mem_node * const &left, mem_node * const &right)
{
    // possibly Range can help us at some point.

    if (left->dataRange().intersection(right->dataRange()).size() > 0)
        return 0;

    return *left < *right ? -1 : 1;
}

void
mem_hdr::dump() const
{
    debugs(20, DBG_IMPORTANT, "mem_hdr: " << (void *)this << " nodes.start() " << nodes.start());
    debugs(20, DBG_IMPORTANT, "mem_hdr: " << (void *)this << " nodes.finish() " << nodes.finish());
}

size_t
mem_hdr::size() const
{
    return nodes.size();
}

mem_node const *
mem_hdr::start() const
{
    const SplayNode<mem_node *> * result = nodes.start();

    if (result)
        return result->data;

    return NULL;
}

const Splay<mem_node *> &
mem_hdr::getNodes() const
{
    return nodes;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Featured / Fiction
Racing to the Bright Unknown
fiction by M.E. Purfield
Pace Dustin slung the bag full of cash over his shoulder and ran from his busted car into the woods. The crescent moon hung bright in the black, star-dotted sky over the barren NJ Parkway. After jumping and weaving a few yards through shrubs, roots, and trees, he entered the back yard of a two-level house. All the lights were off. He rushed to the front and found himself on a residential street. Crickets chirped. The wind was calm. So was he. Smiling, he slipped his other arm through the bag and walked down the street.
The Wawa was empty except for the two bald guys in their early twenties growing moss on their chin, the middle-aged guy who could have worked for Wall Street before the recession behind the counter, and the two cops assembling chili dogs at the side counter. Pace double-checked that his automatic handgun was secure behind his back, tucked into his pants under his shirt and jacket, and entered the store. All but the two twenty-year-olds deciding on chips turned to him.
"Evening, sir," the clerk said from behind the counter.
Pace smiled hello and walked to the refrigerators.
The two cops went back to their chilidogs.
For the last few months, some psycho had been leaving pretty dead girls lying around state parks. A few days ago a picture of the suspect had been posted everywhere. It was fairly generic. White, five-ten, 160 pounds, glasses, brown hair, scruffy, narrow nose, and strong chin. Pace smiled the first time he saw it. If his hair was shorter and he had glasses, he could pass for the psycho. Between that and the fact that the Jimmy's Chicken House was closed on Wednesday nights, he knew no one would know he robbed it until the morning.
He grabbed a bottle of water from the fridge and brought it to the counter. The clerk rang him up and the cops waited behind him. Smiling, Pace took his water and left the Wawa.
Pace held his cell close to his ear as he walked down a dark farm road.
"I told you not to use that piece of shit car," Eddie said. "I'm shocked it didn't blow up."
"Just fine. I got our place all nice and cozy. That cash is going to brighten it up more," Eddie said. "You sure they won't find us? They can't be so stupid not to suspect the bartender who quit last month and the manager who quit a few days ago."
"You used our fake IDs on the lease and bills right?"
"Then we're gold."
"Get here soon, baby. I miss you."
"I love you," Pace said. "See you in Philly."
Three more hours until sunrise. While walking down a wooded road, he noticed a pair of taillights up ahead. He lightened his steps. The man hunched over and worked on a flat tire to the late-model Ford. Pace removed his gun and pressed it to the man's baseball cap-covered head.
"Don't move," Pace said.
"I don't plan to."
"That a new tire you just put on?"
"Finish it."
The man tightened the bolts and then raised his hands. With his free hand, Pace closed the dark trunk.
"Move slowly to the other side of the street," Pace said.
"Please mister, you don't want to take this car."
The gun cracked the back of the man's head. He fell to the ground and his glasses landed in the grass.
Pace steered the man's car onto the Parkway and gunned it to 80 miles per hour. One hand held the steering wheel and the other the cell phone.
"I should be in Philly in two hours, baby," Pace said.
"Better hurry," Eddie said. "I'm trying my best to keep it warm but I'm running out of ideas."
Pace smiled and turned it up to a hundred.
He screamed out and pounded the wheel when he noticed the lights flashing behind him. The Philly Expressway was two exits away. No way could they be after him for the Chicken House robbery. It had to be for speeding. Easing on the gas, he reached into the glove compartment and found the registration and insurance card for Danica Morris. Maybe he could lie his way out of it.
Pace stashed his gun in the bag of cash and pulled over to the side of the road.
The trooper stood with Pace at the rear of the stolen car with his hands on his belt. Pace sweated and smiled.
"I told you I'm bringing this car to Danica in Cape May. The rental she was using broke down," Pace said.
"And I asked you to open the trunk, sir," the trooper said.
Pace shook his head and found the key on the key ring. The quicker he can shake him off the quicker he can feel Eddie's strong arms around him. The trunk opened and released a putrid smell. A naked woman in her twenties with multiple stab wounds lay inside.
He thought of mentioning that it wasn't his car, but he'd already said that. Danica Morris was probably in the trunk. He could say he stole it from someone, but he didn't think the guy would believe him.
The trooper slammed Pace to the ground, cuffed him, and read him his rites. He then called for back up and said, "I found that missing Morris girl. Possibly the State Park Killer too."
Pace tightened his eyes and banged his head on the asphalt. Nope, Pace doubted anyone was going to believe what he had to say.
M.E. Purfield is the author of the Miki Radicci urban noir psychic fantasy series and various young adult novels. He's had fiction in Broken Pencil, Literary Hatchet, and Akashic Books' Mondays are Murder. You can find him at mepurfield.com.
This article originally appeared in the Feb. 24, 2017, issue of The Norwegian American. To subscribe, visit SUBSCRIBE or call us at (206) 784-4617.
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text:
Cold and Hard Facts Refrigerants Q & A- Jan 26, 2023
Q: What edition of UL 60355-2-40 is currently in process?
A: The fourth edition of UL 60335-2-40 is expected to publish by the end of 2022. This edition contains updates to the standard based on additional research. These changes include updated refrigerant charge levels and mitigation requirements. In addition, the fourth edition will include a separate annex for information technology equipment and will further enable the use of low-global warming potential refrigerants.
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text:
Hotels first to get sectoral manpower plan
Five-year strategy for industry to upgrade and retain workers under national skills initiative
Joanna Seow
Manpower Correspondent
https://str.sg/3CCu
The hotel industry here has become the first sector to get a dedicated five-year manpower strategy, under a national drive to equip students and local workers with industry-relevant skills.
The sectoral manpower plan, announced yesterday by Manpower Minister Lim Swee Say, is part of the SkillsFuture initiative and lays out five measures to upgrade and retain workers in the industry.
These include more structured internships, an Earn and Learn programme for polytechnic and ITE students, and a framework of new skills needed and career progression opportunities from operations level to senior management roles.
Mr Lim said the strategy, initiated by the Singapore Tourism Board and Singapore Workforce Development Agency, is important with the number of hotel rooms here due to rise by 20 per cent by 2020, boosting demand for workers.
But the ageing workforce, tight foreign worker inflows and rising aspirations mean that the supply of rank-and-file workers - who now take up around 65 per cent of the 35,400 jobs in the hotel industry - will grow at a slower rate.
"If we are prepared to... strive for better service with leaner manpower, we will not only have breakthrough in the short term, but also sustainable growth for the long term," Mr Lim said at the launch event at One Farrer Hotel and Spa in Farrer Park.
Being the first sector to launch its manpower strategy "shows how serious we are about grabbing the bull by the horns", said Singapore Hotel Association executive director Margaret Heng.
Grand Park City Hall Hotel. PHOTO: ST FILE
A total of 32 hotels - including Grand Park City Hall and Resorts World Sentosa - and two hotel groups have signed up for the first Earn and Learn programme.
They will receive funding of up to $15,000 a trainee to provide on-the-job training for fresh hires from polytechnics who will spend a year studying for a diploma in hospitality business management.
There will be 60 trainees in the first batch and a similar programme for ITE graduates is also in the pipeline.
Internships for hospitality students at polytechnics and ITE have also been standardised.
They previously lasted from 12 to 24 weeks with monthly stipends of $450 to $1,000, depending on the institution. They should now last half a year and have allowances of at least $600.
Experience in at least two departments is also recommended.
Republic Polytechnic student Bay Si Xiang, 21, is serving an internship as a housekeeping coordinator at Four Seasons Singapore and will move to laundry operations next.
He said: "I'll be able to better understand the departments and be more ready for the industry."
The manpower plan should make hospitality careers more attractive and reduce the likelihood of students moving to other industries, according to National Trades Union Congress Hospitality and Consumer Business Cluster chairman Tan Hock Soon.
"The new skills ride on technology and form new jobs," he said. "This will make workers more employable."
Sectoral manpower plans, first announced by Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam in this year's Budget, will be launched for more than 20 key sectors such as the social services, healthcare, and retail and food services.
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Straits Times on October 10, 2015, with the headline Hotels first to get sectoral manpower plan. Subscribe
Lim Swee Say


We learn by the " London Expositor " that Dr. Lyon Playfair recently delivered a lecture before the Royal Institution on the above interesting subject, an abstract of which we shall present with comments. One class of substances taken as food supply the fuel for the system, and other substances supply the materials that form the flesh and the bones. A man absorbs about 700 lbs. of oxygen in a year, to support the combustion of 350 lbs. of carbon equal to 1050 lbs. of CO.2. The consumption of the carbon in the system (fat is principally composed of it) is so great that it would be all exhausted in about three days,, if it were not re-supplied by food. As the temperature of the body is always the same under every climate, those who live in the colder regions of the earth require food which contains a larger amount of carbon, than those who live in warmer climates ; this is for the purpose of promoting a greater amount of combustion—a larger fire as it were—consequently a man living in the arctic regions will inhale more than double the amount ot oxygen of a man living in the tropics, in one year. Fire and warm clothing, however, diminish the necessity of eating so much food in the cold regions, hence farmers who keep their cattle warmly housed in winter, are enabled to maintain them in better condition and with less food than those who have not warm and well sheltered stables. Substances used for food, which contain a great amount of heat, power, are oils, tat meat, sugar, and rice. Flesh giving substances are .those which contain a great amount of nitro-R gen, such as lean meat, peas, cheese, &c. As different kinds of solid food produce different effects in the nutriment of the body, it is requisite that in a well-regulated dietary, that the proportions ot the flesh giving and heat producing foods should be properly adjusted, taking into consideration, age, employment, and climate. Dr. Playfair alluded to a very prevalent opinion respecting changes in the human body, viz., that the entire substance ot it changes in seven years. He could not conceive on what foundation this opinion rested, for judging from chemical decompositions, it might be assumed that an entire change takes place in the human body in forty days, rather than seven years, and some parts of the human body changed much faster than this. In reference to the much-disputed question of the relative values of animal and vegetable food, he observed that there could be no difference between them, chemically speaking, for all animals derive their nutriment from vegetahle matter, either eaten directly or after it has formed part of the organism of an herbiverous animal. He believed, however, that there was much truth in the observation, that the character of a nation depends on the lood of a people; hence, he said, " we may attribute the passion for honor and glory in the French, and the excitable temperament of the Irish to the vegetable diet, whilst the sound sense of the Englishman may be attributed to his beef and beer." The practical conclusion he arrived at was, that the regimen of roast beef and beer should be given to the Irish, in order to bring them up to the character ot the English, and to do this a potato diet should be discountenanced. The character of the Irish, according to Dr. Playfair, must have entirely changed, within 200 years, for the potato is no older in Ireland ; and good sense is dependant on beef and beer. These are certainly very funny conclusions, but neither a desire ror military glory, an excitable temperament, nor sound sense, are dependant upon the general food used by any people ; all history is an evidence of the truth of what we assert, or else we must be forced to the conclusion that the rise, progress, and downfall of all the great nations of antiquity were the results of the food taken at different periods in the history of those nations ; which is absurd. A writer in the Granite Farmer positively asserts that the " effects of poison ivy can be cured by eating a lew of the small green leaves of the pine."