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Women's Chess
Brave female chess player who faced sexual harassment spoke up
Disclaimer:Everyone has the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to the law. We are just reporting the allegation.
Peruvian chess coach admits then denies sexually harassing player Ingrid Aliaga
By Charles Anderson
Six-time national Peruvian chess champion Ingrid Aliaga says she was sexually harassed by team manager Dorges Heredia in early March. (Canal N, video in Spanish)
"I have suffered sexual harassment from the Chess Federation coach, Dorges Heredia," Aliaga said. "What happened was that when we were training he approached me, he told me I was pretty, he insinuated me and I told him not to take advantage."
After receiving Aliaga's first claims, Peruvian chess federation (FDPA) president Boris Ascue said she was "disqualified" to present such accusations.
However, after a 7-minute audio recording of Heredia's confession and other players' confirmations emerged, Ascue finally banned the manager from chess training sessions. (El País, in Spanish)
(This is the reason why I wrote this article:
"WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR SOME ALL-GIRLS' OR WOMEN'S CHESS TOURNAMENTS?" - Chess Daily News
This is probably one of the top 5 questions I have most often been asked
www.themaven.net
I too have faced this problem, and so do many other female chess players. Some of the male players who committed these despicable acts are celebrated and getting high-five from their colleagues instead of being punished.)
However, on September 3 Heredia published in his Facebook page — and also in the FDPA's —an open letter with his version, where he firmly denied all allegations.
The FDPA president Ascue argues Aliaga was excluded from the national chess team because she played only a few tournaments in 2018 and only finished sixth in the national chess championships. Aliaga replied her low performance was because "he [Ascue] did not register me for several tournaments I wanted to take part in."
"The Peruvian chess championship took place only a few days after the harassment, when I was very affected psychologically," Aliaga told El Pais. "For that same reason I did not file any official complaint till May, because I did not dare do it. But now I encourage all athletes affected by similar cases in any country in the world to not be afraid to denounce."
A known character in justice halls, Ascue was sentenced to two 3-year prison terms in 2005 and 2007 for illegal appropriation, one two-year sentence for negligent homicide and an array of different charges (Elco Mercio). According to the Superior Council of Sports Justice's first cause of disqualification, such convictions should negate his capability to hold public office.
Full chess article here:
After evidence emerged manager Dorges Heredia accepted and then denied charges
www.wikitribune.com
and another chess article here in Spanish:
La última víctima de un capo mafioso del ajedrez
Boris Ascue, inhabilitado tres años por delitos, excluye del equipo nacional de ajedrez de Perú a la jugadora Ingrid Aliaga, quien…
"WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR SOME ALL-GIRLS' OR WOMEN'S CHESS TOURNAMENTS?"
ChessDailyStaff
Why I chose to look ugly, and the reasoning behind it!
Here are the reasoning behind it, something I never talked about.
The official records of SPF Girl's Invitational in the past 15 years
SPF Girl's Invitational was the 1st All-Girls National Championship approved by the USCF in 2003
Carissa Yip on pace for GM norm at Charlotte GM Invitational
Official website: https://www.charlottechesscenter.org/norm
Ju Wenjun wins game 9 to level the match at 4.5-4.5
FIDE Women's World Championship Match takes place in Shanghai and Vladivostok from January 5 to 24, 2020
Goryachkina scores to take the lead in Women's World Championship
Goryachkina now leads 4.5-3.5 after 8 games
Iranian Chess Official Fears Going Home Over Hijab Photo
Shohreh Bayat said she was afraid of returning to Iran
Deadlock continues in Vladivostok
The score is now 3.5-3.5 with Goryachkina having 1 extra white game in the remaining 5
The Women's World Championship shifts to Vladivostok, Russia for the 2nd half
The score is equal at 3 to 3 points
STL Chess Club to Host Second Annual Cairns Cup
STL Chess Club created and named the Cairns Cup in honor of Chess Club co-founder Dr. Jeanne Sinquefield's maiden name


Alice in Tikiland Hits 100!
It's time to jump on the table and start sabering bottles of bubbly. Line 'em up. Pop, pop, pop. 100 sales!
But what's in a number?
It's the Saturday morning family ritual of slamming a few cups of coffee and getting out the door early for the treasure hunt. Gotta hustle. Baby meltdown imminent. Nina will most certainly develop a deep resentment for her parent's tireless thrifting charades and all things second hand. It's inevitable that only the mall will one day pacify her.
It's picking up the pieces after the house gets thrift bombed. Log and hang up the clothes. Clean up and display the tchotchkes, like this recently acquired black velvet art. Our house is getting weird.
It's a year of setting up a basement photography studio. Better camera. More lights. Still not there. Want to push my mannequins out into the high altitude Colorado sun to see how bright the clothes shine.
It's the pleasure and the regret of sending really special vintage pieces out into the world. The pleasure fuels the Saturday morning hunt and the regret fuels an ever growing personal collection.
And with that, a toast! Thank you to the vintage buyers who love a good thrill and to the vintage sellers that set the bar high. To another hundred.


Burnaby for sale: 5 bedroom 2,360 sq.ft.
Totally updated home, new kitchen, paint, tiles, gleaming H/W flrs, 2 laundry, 180 Sq. Ft. solarium. Must see inside to appreciate. Drive by & call. Finished bsmt w/suite rented at $750/mo st ste.


The SOHK team would like to congratulate Andy on producing a page turningly fascinating and inspirational book that catalogues a truly remarkable journey. We have been fortunate at the SOHK to have a couple of copies hot off the presses before its official release on May the 24th.
We will be giving away our copies to a couple of course participants that have shown remarkable improvement.


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iOS vs Android User Experience: 10 things Google Play and App Store Visitors Do Differently
Thanks to the rapid growth of technology, the smartphones we carry today wield more power than the NASA computers used to reach the moon. Smartphones have become an integral part of our day to day life, and a recent survey shows that:
More than 50% of our digital media time is spent on mobile apps
Most people use fewer than 20 apps per month
Applications consume significantly more time than web surfing
Your choice of mobile phone can reveal a lot about your overall personality and behaviour. Although both Google's Android and Apple's iPhone and iPad are convenient in their own right, consumers tend to feel a significant difference in the iOS and Android user experience. Today, we'll outline how the users vary and what people do differently on each of these platforms.
User Demographics
User demographics, location and personal attributes, such as age, income, and education status, widely influence the choice of a new smartphone.
iPhone users are more likely to come from the most developed countries, such as the United States, the UK and Europe. They usually have a higher education degree and are relatively higher earners. Young and educated females from society's higher class brackets comprise the majority of iOS consumers.
Android users have on average a diploma degree and also earn significantly less than their iOS counterparts. This is indicative of the fact that they mostly reside in newly-developed and developing countries. They are also more likely to be older men with little to no concern for consumer social status.
Device-specific Differences
Both Android and iPhone come with somewhat distinct device capabilities, resulting in a difference between the Android and iOS user experiences. For example, Apple tends to maintain a solid set of regulations concerning the submission of iOS apps to the App Store. Android developers, on the other hand, can build and submit their apps to the Play Store much more quickly - resulting in a large number of available apps in the Play Store compared to the Apple App Store and less protected system as well.
However, it would be unwise to assume that the greater number of apps available on the Android platform are of a higher quality or make it a better option. As iOS apps take longer to develop and pass the App Store verification process, they are likely to be more consistent, secure and comfortable to use, contrary to the large number of cumbersome apps you can find in the Play Store today.
Although Android devices are considerably cheaper, iPhone has a much more loyal consumer base. Despite maintaining a mere 11% share of the global smartphone market, Apple continues to retain its position as one of the top industry players in terms of revenue.
Android enthusiasts will, however, vouch for the extensive customisation options their platform offers during everyday iOS vs Android user experience debates. Apple consumers, on the other hand, tend to stick by the same comfortable user interface Apple provides across all their iOS devices.
Response to Push Notifications
Despite what you might think, even a small issue like reacting to push notifications can be a point of variance between Android users and Apple lovers.
Research indicates that about 3.5% of Android consumers will opt in to opening their push notifications, contrary to the 1.8% of Apple consumers who do the same. This can be attributed to the design principles of their user interface.
On the Android operating system, when users receive a new push notification, they need to take some sort of action – otherwise, the notification will remain stuck to the lock screen. Therefore, many users tend to open their lock screen and check the notification. On iOS-based phones, however, the push notifications will disappear not long after appearing on the lock screen – thus significantly reducing the number of consumers that open them.
However, iPhone users in general only take around 7 minutes to open their notifications. This is much faster than the average for Android consumers, who typically take at least 48 minutes to respond to their push notifications. This suggests that Apple customers have a much higher level of interactivity with their devices than most Android consumers do with theirs.
In-app Engagement and Retention
One of the most significant factors that help us understand the UI experience of both these platforms is in-app engagement. How consumers engage on each platform can offer us valuable insights and provide a necessary tool for understanding when and why customers stick with their current smartphone. It must be noted that it is the user experience customers encounter when running a particular app that shapes their mindset for or against a specific platform.
As indicated by recent iOS vs Android user statistics, users of the iOS platform invest significantly more time when interacting with a given app. iPhone consumers, on average, spend nine more hours per month than their Android counterparts. Thus, we can view the average iPhone consumer as a power-user of smartphone devices, thanks to their increasing engagement with creative content.
Although the Android platform allows significantly more customers to engage with a given app, the iOS platform is still much better when it comes to post-installation interactions and experiences. This clearly shows us that customers tend to side more with creativity than with audience size. Moreover, on average, iPhone users are much more satisfied with their current smartphone and are more likely to retain their device. This loyalty among customers is the key to Apple's continually increasing revenue in spite of its price hike.
Everyday Gaming Experience
Whether we admit to it or not, gaming is something we all do at least a little bit on our smartphones. It's one of the integrated experiences of modern smartphone culture. Thus, when choosing a particular smartphone over another, you always need to determine how the device will perform in terms of gaming experience.
Although pretty limited, the iOS App Store features significantly more enjoyable games than its Android counterpart. Most top-end games, however, hit both platforms – though you can still find some exciting games that are only available for the iOS platform.
While we're at it, did you know that Android users are generally harsher than their iOS counterparts when it comes to criticising games? This is a sign that iPhone consumers are much more content with the gaming experience their device delivers. Android devices are, however, a clear winner when it comes to running larger and more complex games, as users can use large amounts of memory in their devices and can also upgrade the existing ROM on their own. This open source platform outperforms iPhone devices when it comes to games that require substantial memory capacity.
As you should already have guessed, iPhone customers earn relatively more than your average Android consumer. If you look carefully at the percentage annual earnings of iOS users vs Android users, you will find that an average iPhone consumer earns around 40% more than an average Android user. This vast difference in income shapes the social life of Apple customers. Despite the number of Android vs iOS users being much higher, Apple continues to bring in much more in revenue thanks to an affluent and loyal customer base.
The average income indicators:
iPhone owner has an income of roughly $85,000 per year;
The annual income of the average Android owner is about $61,000.
Additionally, although the open source platform experiences a more significant number of app downloads per month compared to Apple's App Store, iPhone consumers usually spend up to twice as much on their apps compared to their Android counterparts. This proves that Apple users not only have higher purchasing power but are also willing to spend more in order to enhance their in-app experiences.
As the Q1 suggested, the percentage of iOS vs Android users' average spending behind their devices has grown by 45% and 40% respectively. This serves as another fact you can use to argue that Apple's customers spend more money – thus wielding higher purchasing power.
The primary source of monetisation on the Android platform is displaying mobile ads. This tends to frustrate even the most conservative supporters of this fantastic open source platform. Apple, on the other hand, earns most of its revenue from app purchases. This particular factor sheds light on the fact that they actually depend on their customers as a whole and are successful in their approach.
Individual Personality
What does your smartphone reveal about your personality? Believe it or not, your choice of a smartphone can tell people a lot about you. As uncovered by recent psychological studies, your choice of device is nothing like a matter of random shopping, but rather an extension of your personality that can aid potential insights into your character.
Researchers found Android consumers to be of much more introverted nature than their iPhone counterparts. They like to follow trends and the leaders who start them. Most iPhone customers are, however, quite extrovert and say they prefer spending money on their devices for better comfortability. They have a very high opinion of their choice of smartphone and are people who like to lead others.
The majority of iPhone consumers are young females. They feel excited to view and display their expensive smartphone as a status symbol – an item that helps them garner extra attention in social settings. They also tend to overlook what others think of their device. Android owners, on the other hand, are much more sceptical about their devices. They are likely to be older males and are less interested in social status. However, if you ask them about their device, they'll often swear by the customisable nature of their smartphone!
As suggested briefly earlier, iOS customers are likely to spend a greater amount on in-app purchases than their Android counterparts as they usually have a significant income and are concerned about extra convenience. Thus, they don't feel uncomfortable about spending money when it comes to shopping via mobile commerce platforms.
The percentage of iOS vs Android users who buy products via such applications varies significantly.
iPhone owners make mobile commerce purchases as much as four times more often than their Android counterparts.
Apple consumers are much more comfortable spending money on creative content.
Android users like to buy utility items such as launchers, antivirus apps, productivity tools and performance boosters for their smartphone, doing so about five times more often.
In terms of average spending behind user interface, iOS consumers are far ahead of their Android counterparts. As iPhone owners enjoy the extra convenience and comfortability offered by their devices, they feel it worthy to make the maximum investment in advanced UI enhancement features. Android users, on the contrary, are more inclined towards customising their interface on their own – a process which is seen as redundant and cumbersome in the eyes of many iPhone customers.
Web Surfing Experience
Surfing websites is one of the of primary tasks of modern smartphone devices. As suggested by studies conducted by StatCounter, Android devices account for the majority of page views across the web.
Apple's devices contribute 33.2% of overall page views, compared with 43.5% from Android devices. However, it must be taken into account that Android comprises around 87% of the entire global smartphone market. The numbers should therefore be higher in their favour – thus indicating that it's the iOS users who surf on their smartphone to a greater extent.
Apple devices usually ship as part of a contract that provides a generous internet data allowance. This encourages iOS users to spend more time on the internet via their devices. Additionally, Apple delivers an almost identical web experience across all their devices, allowing you to consistently experience the same interface and features on each. The more economical Android devices, on the other hand, often tend to lag behind when it comes to extensive web browsing.
Also, as we've discussed already, iPhone users fall towards the extrovert category and have a very active social life. Thus, it's not surprising that they take a lot of selfies and tend to keep their friends updated all the time via social media websites like Facebook and Twitter.
Satisfaction and Loyalty
User satisfaction is the driving factor behind customer loyalty to a specific platform out of the two popular mobile operating systems. Satisfied and loyal users mean a long-term commitment to a specific platform. As most iPhone owners tend to hold their devices in very high regard, they are usually more satisfied with their smartphone.
More than 62% (almost two-thirds) of iPhone customers are highly satisfied with their device, and at least 80% of them have previously owned another Apple device.
With a 48% satisfaction rate, Android consumers also maintain a reasonable percentage.
Apple also has the advantage of a more advanced marketing approach that garners a lot more attention than most Android devices. Most Android users like the openness of their smartphones and the customisation options they offer. Apple consumers, on the other hand, like to stick with their already familiar interface and consistent UI experience.
Although both Android and iOS devices share many identical functionalities, their user experience tends to differ significantly. This, in turn, results in differences in consumer behaviour. We hope that these comparisons Android vs iOS users will help you gain essential insights before deciding on a specific platform, and that you will be confident in choosing your desired target auditory of the smartphone lovers .
Latest Mobile App Design Trends Moving Into 2019
Design and Analysis: Two Sides of the Same Coin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Non-take-up of social welfare can take several forms and can be explained in different ways but, according to Philippe Warin, it essentially conveys an expectation of justification levelled at the public authorities.
Over the past few years there has been substantial evidence that a significant number of people are not taking up their welfare rights. While the phenomenon of non-take-up (NTU) is certainly not new, as more and more measures are being taken in this respect, the full magnitude of the phenomenon is becoming apparent, and the need to respond is growing. With NTU rates ranging from 40% to 60%  in European Union countries, technical solutions are being implemented to make access to social welfare and public services easier. Political discourse has however focused on two forms of NTU, non-awareness (welfare clients are not aware of their eligibility for welfare) and non-receipt (welfare clients are aware of their eligibility and have requested welfare, but have not obtained or used it). It has thus overlooked not only non-offer (welfare is not provided despite the eligibility of the applicant, whether or not they are aware of the existence of these benefits) but also non-demand (welfare clients are aware of their eligibility for welfare but have not requested it, or they have been granted a benefit but have not taken it up) and non-orientation (potential recipients are not notified or supported to access a benefit).  Actions to tackle NTU are therefore designed to improve the effectiveness of strategies to inform publics, to support them to access their benefits, to create intentional pathways, to provide unconditional pre-accessibility, etc.
These solutions certainly are useful in their way, but NTU cannot be reduced solely to an issue of accessibility. When individuals do not demand welfare, the question is not just how accessible but also how suitable the public offer is. This applies especially to situations of "intentional non-demand" where, due to a lack of interest, individuals voluntarily abstain from taking-up welfare despite the value—financial or non-financial—of the benefits for which they are eligible.
It is important to take a closer look at this particular form of NTU which, more than other forms, calls into question the legitimacy of policies. Even though it is by no means marginal, it does not fit in with standard policy production based on the definition of social needs by institutional actors, and is therefore largely overlooked.  With this form of NTU, it is more the content of the offer than its implementation that needs to be addressed. A different kind of response is therefore needed. Addressing this form of NTU involves hearing recipients' expectations and taking them into account, in order to best achieve the intended outcome as effectively as possible. Intentional non-demand is specifically the outcome of conflicting standards, and in order to resolve this, organizations must be able to justify the principles and terms of their offer. Recognizing the right to justification is thus the main challenge for any social policy or anti-poverty plan seeking to combat this form of NTU which, more clearly than other forms of NTU, reflects a lack of support from the citizens for social policies, not in and of themselves but as they are formulated.
The reasons for non-demand vary. Without claiming to be exhaustive, I have identified six main reasons, each of which offers different explanations. Five of them can be grouped under the category "intentional non-demand". These are cases of non-demand informed by a cost-benefit analysis, by disagreement with the dominant standard, by a preference for alternatives, or by civic-mindedness; they can also occur when people do not feel concerned. The sixth reason explicitly refers to non-demand that is not intentional but suffered. This is brought about by a lack of capability (knowledge, know-how, trust, support, etc.). These six reasons may have different implications, insofar as they each involve an assessment of the suitability of the offer which does not necessarily relate to the same criteria.
Non-demand that is suffered is set apart in this classification. However, it is neither rare nor, more importantly, less concerning. The situations observed primarily involve individuals who do not or no longer demand welfare because they have grown tired of administrative procedures, or because they are exhausted from dealing with welfare providers who, in their opinion, stigmatize or discriminate against them. The individuals concerned often explain this non-demand as a consequence of institutional contempt. At least that is what they feel, but the many studies on welfare stigma have clearly shown how and why stigma is a deliberate deterrence mechanism, as are sanction regimes, increasingly, especially with the rise of discourses on freeloading and benefit fraud. In Great Britain, for example, increased sanctions have meant that in 2016 fewer than half of the unemployed claimed their benefits .
Whether it is suffered or intentional, non-demand always proceeds from a process of assessment of the offer. This process, which John Dewey called "valuation",  is twofold. First, it involves an "affective" assessment (valuing), that is, the assessment that leads a person to request welfare or, on the contrary, to avoid it, based on the enjoyment (well-being, comfort, etc.) that it can provide them or not. Secondly, it involves an "objective" assessment based on an analysis of the consequences of take-up/NTU in light of common values, or "objective properties" in Dewey's terminology, such as equal treatment or consideration for the individual. In Dewey's work, "valuing" means giving more or less importance to something, while an assessment consists in making a comparative judgment. Valuation is the product of a desire that is itself the effect of a lack, of a state of dissatisfaction or of a problem posed by a specific situation. The notion of valuation therefore allows us to consider NTU by non-demand as the reaction resulting from a process of assessment of the offer which, induced by dissatisfaction, expresses an "unwillingness". With NTU, valuation takes place without the offer being made. It does not encourage recipients—irrespective of the cause—to engage in (or pursue) an application process.
In the case of non-demand that is suffered, the affective assessment of the offer can reveal its high value. However, the workings of welfare service relations are such—or perceived as such by the individual—that, on the objective level of equality of treatment, a negative assessment prevails and leads to non-demand. Intentional non-demand also results from a process of assessment of the offer's suitability, but from different points of view depending on the reasons for NTU. Let us review these reasons to grasp their different implications.
A cost/benefit analysis comes into play, which often includes a calculation of risk (for example, claiming one benefit may make it difficult to maintain another). Unlike non-demand that is suffered, intentional non-demand based on a cost/benefit analysis focuses on an affective assessment of the individual value of the offer. By contrast, non-demand out of disagreement with the dominant norm of the offer essentially results from an objective assessment.
To understand this more fully, we can use the distinction between "use value" and "exchange value" used by Marx and earlier by Adam Smith and Ricardo. Note that this assessment process, which can follow two trajectories (use and exchange), is not unlike the psychological analysis of the cost-benefit model proposed by Stefan Stürmer and Bernd Simon in their study of participation in collective action. In particular, these authors explain that individuals' participation can be activated in different ways, either utilitarian, of the cost/benefit kind, or identity, associated with shared values.  In the case of non-demand stemming from disagreement with the dominant norm, the assessment goes beyond the use value (actual or supposed) of the benefits or welfare services. It primarily focuses on exchange value, measured in terms not of money but of a type of social relationship established as a general norm, or perceived as such by the individuals concerned. Let us consider three examples.
On an entirely different level—since it is a local welfare benefit—, the "solidarity hamper" offered by some municipalities is met with the same type of NTU. This benefit is part of a series of measures aimed at the most vulnerable households, from emergency financial assistance to food banks, solidarity grocery and clothes stores, etc. On sites that we studied, the rate of NTU was around 80%. The explanation provided by the respondents left no room for doubt. This other massive case of intentional non-demand is explained by disagreement with the condition of access, which makes the allocation of solidarity hampers conditional on their preparation with other inhabitants and professionals. In this case, individuals who refuse take-up, most of the time women, do not want to expose themselves in public (hamper preparation typically makes for a situation of public exposure that creates stigma). They do not subscribe to the principle that increasingly pervades emergency measures, which—for "the poor"—provides welfare while working on socialization. Despite the high use value of these solidarity hampers for the target population, a negative objective assessment clearly prevails. The refusal of the standard of participation imposed on the most vulnerable takes precedence over the material value of this food aid for families nevertheless in great difficulty.
Other examples reveal the breadth of situations of non-demand out of disagreement. Consider Martinique, where an 80% NTU rate has also been measured for the leisure benefits (aides aux vacances) offered by the Caisse d'Allocations Familiales (family welfare fund).  The reason this social welfare measure does not reach its target is primarily because of the preference for alternative solutions within families, which also helps avoid having to pay out-of-pocket costs. Even when the welfare benefits may be of particular interest to teenagers or families, those who do not take them up ascribe their choice to the fact that, despite such benefits, they will in any case remain confined to "standard" or "low-end" leisure activities compared to those offered to the waves of tourists streaming onto their island. They too would like to go kitesurfing or have access to the most fun activities, and many are dying to travel to the United States, which is not that far away. This massive non-demand is due to disagreement with the limited choices offered, seen as fostering differential treatment and relegation.
These three examples show that non-demand out of disagreement with the dominant norm of the framework in question relates to a common value of equal treatment—a value that individuals who do not take up a welfare service consider to be violated. Like suffered non-demand, intentional non-demand results from the objective assessment of an injustice. However, this assessment concerns the dominant norms of the proposed frameworks and not primarily their functioning, as is the case with non-demand that is suffered. Notwithstanding this difference, in either case, both non-demand that is suffered and intentional non-demand out of disagreement challenge unequal treatment, be it in service relations or in the general standards conveyed by the offer (precariousness, imposed participation, limited choices, etc.).
The preference for alternatives often applies more to welfare clients who want to avoid taking up an offer that they consider insufficient or of poor quality. The low use value is then directly the cause. Education, health and leisure are among the areas where this type of NTU is most noticeable. Those who can seek alternatives that not only meet their needs but also protect their self-image. The public offer is not suitable because it is seen to lower standards. Its adequacy is assessed both on an affective level and an objective level, particularly from the perspective of forms of social belonging that must be preserved. The valuation process relates to the low utility of an offer that is assumed to be of poorer quality. But, as with non-demand stemming from disagreement, it also expresses the rejection of a norm, that of public service—open to the whole population—, seen as no longer able to uphold individual well-being as a common value: local public schools no longer educate and drag good pupils down, public hospitals provide poor treatment, subsidized leisure activities no longer meet the expectations of children or youngsters and no longer meet the objective of social mixing, and so on. Apart from dissatisfaction with use value, the exchange value of the offer is an issue and constitutes the "tipping point" beyond which institutions appear counterproductive (US political scientist Morton M. Grodzins' "tipping point" or Austrian philosopher Ivan Illich's "critical threshold").
This non-demand out of preference for alternatives is the reverse of non-demand motivated by civic engagement, where some people prefer to restrict themselves or manage otherwise so that others have priority. These individuals articulate discourses on the scarcity of public resources and often share a vision of reasoned or non-consumerist recourse to welfare benefits. To them, these are rare goods. They must be protected through moderate use, in order to preserve their social adequacy. This type of situation can be found, for example, in access to health care, requests for social benefits, use of childcare facilities, etc. Rather than being contested, the exchange value of benefits and welfare is on the contrary defended here through intentional non-demand behaviour to defend a common value of solidarity towards those most disadvantaged.
Not feeling concerned, the sixth reason for intentional non-demand, is a prevalent factor identified in sociology of youth studies. As Benjamin Vial clearly shows in his PhD research on young people who are neither employed, nor studying, nor training (in 2015, there were 1.7 million "NEEF"  in France and 14 million in Europe), non-demand by this population stems primarily from "actively not feeling concerned". This leads them to withdraw not only from training and integration frameworks, but also from social benefits, and to place greater value on their ability to manage on their own.  This active feeling of not being concerned is the result of an objective assessment of frameworks and benefits which, experienced or perceived as excluding them, cannot ensure the social inclusion of all young people. The dominant norm, common to these frameworks and benefits, is that of individual responsibility. It is strongly at odds with the attitudes of young people who feel that they are not the only ones responsible for their "struggle" and, even more importantly, that they are not irresponsible, and their life as NEEFs is not full of "nothing" as they are so often told. By withdrawing for a period of time, they are in their own way challenging a general norm that often disregards and excludes them in the way it is applied.
Whether it is suffered or intentional, and irrespective of the motivations underlying it, NTU by non-demand therefore exists because common values are not upheld (equality of treatment, universality, individual well-being, solidarity towards the most deprived, consideration for the individual, etc.). The multiple situations to which this applies causes a large number of people to refuse the benefits or welfare services offered, despite the immediate value they may derive from them. NTU by non-demand highlights not so much the individuals' difficulties in overcoming obstacles to access welfare benefits, as their refusal of the offer, its content, the conditions attached and, ultimately, its social implications.
The main actor in this NTU is not the lost addressee but the determined citizen. Determined not to accept just anything, despite their needs, if what is offered makes no sense to them. Determined not to take up a welfare offer when they consider that the offer as it is designed and proposed fails to recognize them, that is, does not allow them to position themselves in society, as they see fit, as an individual connected to others through shared representations of "fairness for all" that (sometimes) prevail over what is "good for oneself". Non-demand out of disagreement may be underpinned by a norm of "fairness" for what individuals concerned by NTU identify with, and in this case may be the consequence of a conflict of norms. But it may also be based on consideration of what is "good" for oneself, and appear more as a consequence of personal choices.
This has profound implications. The distinction between what is fair and what is good directly relates to the distinction made by Paul Ricoeur, between morality and ethics.  If this distinction is a valid one, it makes it possible to point out that the process of adhering to the public offer can be informed—in our society at least—by a rather normative (and moral) assessment of the offer against the general rules it entrenches and/or which inspire it, or by a rather positive (and ethical) assessment which considers the offer without primary consideration for its exchange value. On a political level, the distinction between what is fair (for all) and what is good (for oneself) is decisive in defining the type of social contract that a collective sets itself to acquire the necessary and sufficient sovereignty to ensure the protection of individual rights. For example, in the Rawlsian social contract, individuals agree on principles of justice without committing to any common general criteria of what is good (or fair). Compared to societies steeped in political liberalism where comprehensive views of good prevail, mentalities in France have until now probably been marked more by normative views of good, as major international social surveys tend to show.  This is what non-demand signals when it is explained by disagreement with a public offer that does not seem to meet some of the addressees' expectations of fairness for all. It is all the more important to stress this conflict of norms, as the notions of investment and accountability informing policy makers in France (and at EU level) draw their justification from a more ethical than moral conception of social justice. This is probably what makes non-demand out of disagreement even more difficult to recognize in actions to combat NTU.
Preventing non-demand therefore means acknowledging the refusals it implies for what they are: the expression of a desire, a claim by people who expect to be considered as citizens with a say and who demand a justification for the public offer. This raises the question of policy makers' and providers' ability to legitimize the terms of the offer and their consequences. But have the people targeted by the offer ever been told why welfare benefits or services are the way they are? Has the public ever been considered other than as a mass of debtors or taxpayers? Have barriers to access to benefits ever really been taken into account when they, or part of them, can no longer be a blind spot for policy makers, especially when they take the issue of NTU into account?
Playing on the silence of the malcontents, the production of public policies has been largely exempted from any effort to explain it to citizens, let alone to seek their approval. Yet the lack of support for the public offer stems partly from the fact that it imposes terms and norms without justifying or explaining them, and implements types of functioning that can also lead to suffered non-demand. Thus, the lack of justification raises the question of participation. But above all, the question of participation feeds into fundamental reflection on the core need for a "right to justification", defended in particular by Rainer Forst in his work on contexts of justice, considering that social conditions are fair only if adequate justifications can be provided.  While this disciple of John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas links the fundamental requirement of a right to justification to social movements and political struggles denouncing the arbitrariness imposed by the political powers-that-be, NTU may be linked to other social situations that could also lead to the expectation of such a right.
As the recipients of the policies are not organized as a collective actor and NTU occurs at a micro-social level, the need to justify the offer, which can be seen in the infinite number of exchanges with the public, is largely ignored. Under these conditions, it is easy to remain deaf to recipients' need to identify with the common values underlying each of these frameworks, especially since ignoring the malcontents leads them to apathy. US sociologist Nina Eliasoph has shown that this apathy leads to a "culture of political silence" among those who are "too hopeless even to voice feelings of outrage, too powerless even to formulate their own interests even to themselves".  This culture of silence constitutes "the third dimension of power", alongside the ability to coerce others and the possibility of setting the public agenda.
The demand for a right to justification can nevertheless be seen in the myriads of relations constantly feeding citizens' relationship with social policies and rights. Intentional non-demand, in particular, shows that action against NTU calls for a "citizen's policy" when, beyond the proposed welfare's lack of appeal, there is a massive lack of adhesion by recipients. Such a policy, which would establish a right to justification, would recognize the possibility of refusing the public offer, and such refusal would impact the design of public policies and be meaningful for democracy.
In his examination of the institutions of recognition, German philosopher and sociologist Axel Honneth advocates for collective values or norms—especially that of fairness—to be informed by social institutions and normative conflicts at the very level where they develop.  But the fact remains that welfare organizations are still far from coming to grips with the normative conflicts triggered by the reactions of individuals who choose NTU, or users attached to exchange values that they see as compromised or even ignored by the public offer. Yet this is probably the main condition for a right to justification to exist. To achieve it, there will certainly be a need to avoid framing the question in a way that best suits institutions, which could then take advantage of the prevailing "operationalism".
The first thing to understand is therefore that NTU can in no way be reduced to the behaviour of a user struggling with administrative processes leading them nowhere, nor to that of a consumer driven by preferences linked to the comparative value of several offers. It is essential to stress this, so as to avoid the trap of prevailing "operationalism" that could totally overshadow the need for a right to justification.
The notion of NTU prevailed because its presentation corresponded to the new status that is now granted to the concept, in liberal societies, that something only has value if it is operational.  In particular, the political and scientific discourses that have won the issue of NTU institutional recognition as a public problem have presented its stakes mainly in terms of the effectiveness of social policies (mass NTU is the obvious sign that policies are not reaching their audiences), but also in terms of calculation of risk (NTU has direct and indirect social costs for society). The consequence is that the reduction of NTU has become an argument to justify welfare system reforms,  but without taking into account all the implications of the phenomenon. Yet intentional non-demand carries a particular significance that distinguishes it from other forms of NTU, in the sense that responding to it involves justifying principles and norms.
The stakes are high. While the question of reducing NTU is becoming an argument to justify the effectiveness of reforms to the social welfare model, the analysis of intentional NTU shows the need to justify the very content of these reforms and of the welfare systems they will produce. Without this, there will most certainly once again be intentional NTU, even if the changes made successfully remove all obstacles to accessing social welfare.
 Hans Dubois, Anna Ludwinek, Access to Social Benefits: Reducing Non Take-up, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union (Eurofound), 2015.
 Philippe Warin, "What is the NTU of social rights?", La Vie des Idées, 2010, online.
 Philippe Warin, The NTU of Social Policies, Grenoble, PUG, 2016.
 National Audit Office, Benefit Sanctions, 2016, online.
 John Dewey, "Theory of Valuation", International Encyclopedia of Unified Science. II (4), 1939, 1-67.
 Bernd Simon, Stefan Stürmer, "Collective action: towards a dual-pathway model", European Review of Social Psychology, 2004/15, 59-99.
 Evelyn Serverin, "Causes and effects of NTU of RSA-ACTIVITY", Revue de Droit Sanitaire et Social, 2012, n° 4, p. 637-645.
 Myriam Thirot, "The NTU of holiday allowances in Martinique. Why can't a social action policy reach its target?", SociologieS, 2016, online.
 NEEF: "ni en emploi, ni en études, ni en formation"—neither employed, nor studying, nor training.
 Benjamin Vial, "Not feeling concerned about your rights", Agora Débats/Jeunesse, 2016, n°74, p. 77-88. The NTU of Public Assistance by Young Adults, Literature Review, INJEP, Notes & Reports, April 2018.
 Paul Ricoeur, Soi-même comme un autre (Be Yourself Like Any Other), Paris, Le Seuil, 1990.
 Frédéric Gonthier, The Welfare State in The Face of Public Opinion, Grenoble, PUG, 2017.
 Rainer Forst, The Right to Justification. Elements of a Constructivist Theory of Justice, New York, Columbia University Press, 2014.
 Nina Eliasoph, Avoidance of Politics. How Americans Produce Apathy in Everyday Life, Paris, Economica, 2010, p. 277.
 Axel Honneth. The Right of Freedom. Sketch of a Democratic Ethicity. Paris, Gallimard, 2015.
 Antoine Garapon, "A left 'outdated' by globalization", Esprit, 2016, n° 427, p. 33-43.
 With the creation of the Prime d'activité (employment bonus) in 2015; and with the justification of the introduction of a single standard trunk of coverage, replacing all existing minimum benefits, which was the preferred scenario in the 2016 Sirugue report "Rethinking welfare benefits".


Big 90210 news has broken through in the circuit. Matt Lanter, is going to be playing Liam, a love interest for Naomi. Lanter is suppose to be the next generation's Dylan McKay. The question is- Can he do it??
Below is a upcoming clip for the Jan. 6th episode for 90210. It seems as though Kelly and Brenda are not on the best of terms due to the heart-throb Ryan. These two will never get along. See below for a sneak peak!
Rumours are also going around a JLo/Selector breakup. According to recent reports JLo has been seen without her ring and did not bring Selector to a movie premiere. Wonder if there is trouble in paradise????
i can not wait for this show to get back on! why are they gonna make naomi have this new dylan love interest?? i like her with the puerto rican kid. they got something good brewing!


We discover severe vulnerabilities in popular telematics systems, through which attackers can remotely replace their firmware with the malicious one and then launch attacks on the vehicles. We have confirmed these vulnerabilities through POC attacks on real vehicles. Moreover, we propose several approaches for fixing these vulnerabilities. We have informed the corresponding companies about the vulnerabilities and the fixing approaches with the help of HKCERT. In this talk, we first introduce the background knowledge of telematics and its attack surface. Then, we detail how to identify and exploit the vulnerability in two telematics systems. Moreover, we discuss how to fix this vulnerability.


text:
DirectX June2006 and testing Vista Beta 2
The new DirectX SDK June 2006 came out a couple of days ago. It features absolutly nothing new, but is 60MB bigger than the last SDK, how is that even possible? I couldn't find any new or updated sample, the Managed DirectX documentation is still from August 2005 (but the C++ documentation is updated). As ZMan pointed out (from the SDK readme) on his site The Z-Buffer there are some News about the XNA Framework and the fact that DirectSound will be replaced by XACT and DirectInput by XInput. D3DX will also not be available in the XNA Framework because the XBox360 isn't able to provide the features, which is pretty stupid for a PC developer imo. But there is nothing new in the DirectX SDK for Managed DirectX, everything is unchanged.
The biggest news is that Direct3D 10 works now with the new Windows Vista Beta 2 preview. I tried out some older Vista builds (PDC version and some version in the beginning of 2006), but I wasn't satisfied with it. I thought: Lets give it another try, maybe play around with Direct3D 10 a little. Maybe there are also more drivers around for Vista.
In case you want to try out Vista too, you can get the Beta 2 Preview here (free for everyone):
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsvista/getready/default.mspx
I installed the 64-Bit version of Vista and it did take a little while (~ 1 hour) to install. My multimonitor setup worked instantly, which was pretty cool. My Nvidia card made no problems. However the sound driver could not be installed and all other devices only used some generic driver from microsoft. After a couple of hours installing and testing drivers, this is the result:
The interface and graphic effects for the windows are really good. Maybe there are similar things on Mac OS X or opensuse with xgl and compiz, but it doesn't matter if those look better or maybe have cooler features because most of the users will never use those systems (just because most of todays programs will never work on those systems). For me the instant preview is the best new feature, it doesn't matter if you press alt+tab (or windows key+tab), hover over startbar programs, use the internet explorer or use the windows explorer, there are little preview windows all over the place :-)
Realtek sound drivers just crash my system or they don't install properly. This drivers (I tried 3-4 different ones, XP 64 Bit versions and Vista ones) were really annoying, especially since Vista told me that the "Installation failed" with stupid things like "Could not copy file" like 500 times. After rebooting installing the drivers suddenly worked, but rebooting again didn't work and after restoring the system everything was messed up again (no sound). I installed another sound card (Soundblaster Audigy) and gave it up with the Realtek sound.
The second problem was getting my keyboard layout to work, which turned out to be the most annoying part of Vista for me. It is absolutly impossible to install other keyboard layouts in Vista. It is not just my keyboard driver, but every other driver I found on the internet (even marked as Vista compatible, lol) did not install. You will get always the same error message telling you "Installation failed", which will not help at all. I can still type with german or US english keyboard layout, but it is very annoying and confusing over the time. I just don't feel comfortable. I tried getting the Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator to work, but only the testing mode did anything, everything else crashed the program, especially creating new installer packages. I also tried to hack into the existing layout drivers and modify one of them, but Vista always restored the original ones. In the last Vista releases (Beta 1 I guess) this seemed to work, but why not remove features?
But the problems didn't stop there, I also couldn't get my Sata Raid (silicon image) to work. Installing onto it was impossbile since Vista didn't accept any of the drivers at the installation time (I guess they don't work properly on 64 Bit), but later it was also impossible to use them. Every time I installed the XP 64 Bit drivers or drivers from the internet and restarted a black-screen (Vista doesn't seem to show bluescreens anymore) appeared telling me that the driver could not be loaded. No way to get my raid to work :(
But that's not all, most other drivers made also problems or could not be installed at all. For example even the Microsoft Keyboard driver can't be installed because Microsoft doesn't give you any vista drivers for their own hardware, wtf? Other things like my Hauppauge TV card didn't work either, but I didn't expect them to work.
To round things up, even in the little amount of programs I installed, there were some essential programs. That just will not install on Vista. Maybe they would work, but if the installation fails, you can't do much about it. Examples are some games and picture viewers like IrfanView.
Office 2007 looks really great and you should test out the Office Beta too, if you install Vista. The only annoying thing was of course my missing keyboard layout driver, but that has nothing to do with office ^^
I didn't install Visual Studio 2005, other programming tools or other big programs because of the problems above, but I don't think there are major issues with most programming tools. I heard somewere that graphic tools like Photoshop CS2 could not be installed, so maybe check that out first if you are a graphic artist.
Doesn't sound too good, does it? I was really thinking possitively after my Nvidia graphic card worked so good, in the last Vista Beta it didn't work at all in 64 Bit and I had to install the 32 Bit version, which also had its problems. But without keyboard support and so many driver issues it is not fun to use Vista at all right now, let alone work with it. And you might know that I'm pretty happy with Beta software like Visual Studio 2005 last year or Atlas and LinQ right now, but the important thing is they are downward compatible and always give you both the ability to use old code and to switch back to the old versions without much hassle.
I also installed the 32-Bit version of Vista on Virtual Server 2005 RC2, which looks cool too, but just runs way to slow. Vista does too many graphic effects for the virtual graphic card, it is no fun on a virtual machine (windows server 2003 runs 100 times better).
Everything I wrote here today isn't Microsoft's fault, it is just the drivers are not ready for Vista (at least if using the 64-Bit version, the 32-Bit version might be a bit easier to use). Lets hope the device manufactures improve their drivers before Vista gets released and not afterwards. The only thing bad in Vista besides the driver installation (it just makes no sense to tell me "could not copy file" and then it works after restarting) is the missing ability to install other keyboard layouts or change them. I still think Microsoft can make it this year to finally release Vista, but it woundn't hurt if it takes longer until every single driver works perfectly.
Little Update 2006-06-22: I also tested the 32 bit version of Vista Beta 2 now and I got the exact same driver and program problems (sound card, raid, tv card all don't work, many programs don't work, my own keyboard layout can't be installed, etc.). I just wanted to check out the new cool IIS7 (check out www.IIS.net) after watching the latest DotNetShow Episode about IIS7. IIS7 is really cool, but Vista is still unuseable for me (no sound, no keyboard layout are the main issues for me). Check out the DotNetShow for more details about IIS7 and how easy it gets to create, configure and deploy web applications.
Other news about my Visual Studio Boo language addin: I decided to pause the project because I'm currently very satisfied with LinQ and it's features and how good it can be used in Visual Studio 2005 already. I'm thinking about using my Boo language addin code for another addin sometime soon. There is a cool Visual Studio Extensibility Contest, where you can win up to $5000 and you will be featured on MSDN. I read about it yesterday, the contest is already running since last month, but the deadline is the 30 July, so there are still 7 weeks left. Have to thing of something cool though.
And: I just bought Half life 2 - Epsisode one via Steam (20 bucks only for a full singleplayer game) and I like that I don't have to go anywhere, just download and play. I was a big fan of Half life 2 and I like the fact that the singleplayer story now continues. The first mission is really good and I like the commentary mode in the game.
DirectX SDK June 2006
Vista Beta 2 Preview
Office 2007 Preview


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text:
Q: TypeError: this.props. is undefined I'm presently trying to get a twitter bootstrap navbar to display in my React project, but I'm getting the following error,
TypeError: this.props.brand is undefined.
The source files for the project look like the following,
main.js
// console.log('Hello JavaScript!');
// Note: babel-polyfill is used to fill in the gaps between ES5 & ES6.
// ...it is not required.
// import 'babel-polyfill'; //Note: this module is 50K minified.
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'; //Note: when this line is commented out the navbar does not display ???
import { render } from 'react-dom';
import { Router, browserHistory } from 'react-router';
import routes from './routes';
import './styles/styles.css'; //Webpack can import CSS files too.
// Note: the below import was causing a syntax error.
// import '../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css';
import { Link } from 'react-router'

render(
    <Router history={browserHistory} routes={routes} />,
    document.getElementById('app')
);

App.js
// This component handles the App template used on every page.
import React, {PropTypes} from 'react';
import Header from './common/Header';
// import NavBar from './common/navbar';
import Router from 'react-router';

class App extends React.Component {
    render() {
        return (

                {this.props.children}

        );
    }
}

App.propTypes = {
    children: PropTypes.object.isRequired
};

export default App;

routes.js
import React from 'react';
import { Route, IndexRoute } from 'react-router';
import App from './components/App';
import HomePage from './components/home/HomePage';
import AboutPage from './components/about/AboutPage';

export default (
  <Route path="/" component={App}>
    <IndexRoute component={HomePage} />
    <Route path="about" component={AboutPage} />
  </Route>
);

navbar.js
// var React = require('react');
import React, {PropTypes} from 'react';
import { Link, IndexLink } from 'react-router';
import { browserHistory, Router, Route } from 'react-router'
// var ReactDOM = require('react-dom');
// import React, { PropTypes } from 'react';

// create classes
var NavBar = React.createClass({
  render: function(){
    return(

            <button type="button" className="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar-collapse" aria-expanded="false">
              Toggle navigation

            </button>
            <NavBrand linkTo={this.props.brand.linkTo} text={this.props.brand.text} />

            <NavMenu links={this.props.links} />

    );
  }
});

var NavBrand = React.createClass({
  render: function(){
    return (
      {this.props.text}
    );
  }
});

var NavMenu = React.createClass({
  render: function(){
    var links = this.props.links.map(function(link){
      if(link.dropdown) {
        return (
          <NavLinkDropdown key={link.text} links={link.links} text={link.text} active={link.active} />
        );
      }
      else {
        return (
          <NavLink key={link.text} linkTo={link.linkTo} text={link.text} active={link.active} />
        );
      }
    });
    return (

        {links}

    );
  }
});

var NavLinkDropdown = React.createClass({
  render: function(){
    var active = false;
    var links = this.props.links.map(function(link){
      if(link.active){
        active = true;
      }
      return (
        <NavLink key={link.text} linkTo={link.linkTo} text={link.text} active={link.active} />
      );
    });
    return (

          {this.props.text}

          {links}

    );
  }
});

var NavLink = React.createClass({
  render: function(){
    return(

{this.props.text}

    );
  }
});

// set data
var navbar = {};
navbar.brand =
  {linkTo: "#", text: "React Bootstrap Navbar"};
navbar.links = [
  {linkTo: "#", text: "Link 1"},
  {linkTo: "#", text: "Link 2"},
  {dropdown: true, text: "Dropdown", links: [
    {linkTo: "#", text: "Dropdown Link 1"},
    {linkTo: "#", text: "Dropdown Link 2", active: true}
  ]}
];

// render NavBar
React.render(
  <NavBar {...navbar} />,
  document.getElementById("navbar")
);

module.exports = NavBar;
// export default NavBar;
// export default NavBrand;

A: Instead of React.render for NavBar use it like this:
import React, {PropTypes} from 'react';
import Header from './common/Header';
import NavBar from './common/navbar';
import Router from 'react-router';

var navbar = {};
navbar.brand = {linkTo: "#", text: "React Bootstrap Navbar"};
navbar.links = [
    {linkTo: "#", text: "Link 1"},
    {linkTo: "#", text: "Link 2"},
    {dropdown: true, text: "Dropdown", links: [
        {linkTo: "#", text: "Dropdown Link 1"},
        {linkTo: "#", text: "Dropdown Link 2", active: true}
    ]}
];

class App extends React.Component {
    render() {
        return (

                <NavBar {...navbar}/>

                {this.props.children}

        );
    }
}

App.propTypes = {
    children: PropTypes.object.isRequired
};

export default App;

And remove these line from navbar.js:
var navbar = {};
navbar.brand =
  {linkTo: "#", text: "React Bootstrap Navbar"};
navbar.links = [
  {linkTo: "#", text: "Link 1"},
  {linkTo: "#", text: "Link 2"},
  {dropdown: true, text: "Dropdown", links: [
    {linkTo: "#", text: "Dropdown Link 1"},
    {linkTo: "#", text: "Dropdown Link 2", active: true}
  ]}
];

React.render(
  <NavBar {...navbar} />,
  document.getElementById("navbar")
);

It will work, let me know if you need any help in this.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Elements in list greater than or equal to elements in other list (without for loop?) I have a list containing 1,000,000 elements (numbers) called x and I would like to count how many of them are equal to or above [0.5,0.55,0.60,...,1]. Is there a way to do it without a for loop?
Right now I have the following the code, which works for a specific value of the [0.5,...1] interval, let's say 0.5 and assigns it to the count variable
count=len([i for i in x if i >= 0.5])

EDIT: Basically what I want to avoid is doing this... if possible?
obs=[]
alpha = [0.5,0.55,0.6,0.65,0.7,0.75,0.8,0.85,0.9,0.95,1]

for a in alpha:
    count= len([i for i in x if i >= a])
    obs.append(count)

Thanks in advance
Best, Mikael

A: I don't think it's possible without loop, but you can sort the array x and then you can use bisect module (doc) to locate insertion point (index).
For example:
x = [0.341, 0.423, 0.678, 0.999, 0.523, 0.751, 0.7]

alpha = [0.5,0.55,0.6,0.65,0.7,0.75,0.8,0.85,0.9,0.95,1]

x = sorted(x)

import bisect

obs = [len(x) - bisect.bisect_left(x, a) for a in alpha]

print(obs)

Will print:
[5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0]

Note:
sorted() has complexity n log(n) and bisect_left() log(n)

A: You can use numpy and boolean indexing:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.array(list(range(100)))
>>> a[a>=50].size
50

A: EDIT: If you are using NumPy already, you can simply do this:
import numpy as np

# Make random data
np.random.seed(0)
x = np.random.binomial(n=20, p=0.5, size=1000000) / 20
bins = np.arange(0.55, 1.01, 0.05)
# One extra value for the upper bound of last bin
bins = np.append(bins, max(bins.max(), x.max()) + 1)
h, _ = np.histogram(x, bins)
result = np.cumsum(h)
print(result)
# [280645 354806 391658 406410 411048 412152 412356 412377 412378 412378]

If you are dealing with large arrays of numbers, you may considering using NumPy. But if you are using simple Python lists, you can do that for example like this:
def how_many_bigger(nums, mins):
    # List of counts for each minimum
    counts = [0] * len(mins)
    # For each number
    for n in nums:
        # For each minimum
        for i, m in enumerate(mins):
            # Add 1 to the count if the number is greater than the current minimum
            if n >= m:
                counts[i] += 1
    return counts

# Test
import random
# Make random data
random.seed(0)
nums = [random.random() for _ in range(1_000_000)]
# Make minimums
mins = [i / 100. for i in range(55, 101, 5)]
print(mins)
# [0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 1.0]
count = how_many_bigger(nums, mins)
print(count)
# [449771, 399555, 349543, 299687, 249605, 199774, 149945, 99928, 49670, 0]

A: Even if you are not using for loop, internal methods use them. But iterates them efficiently.
you can use below function without for loop from your end.
x = [0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]
l = list(filter(lambda _: _ > .5 , x))
print(l)

A: Based on comments, you're ok with using numpy, so use np.searchsorted to simply insert alpha into a sorted version of x. The indices will be your counts.
If you're ok with sorting x in-place:
x.sort()
counts = x.size - np.searchsorted(x, alpha)

If not,
counts = x.size - np.searchsorted(np.sort(x), alpha)

These counts assume that you want x < alpha. To get <= add the keyword side='right':
np.searchsorted(x, alpha, side='right')

PS
There are a couple of significant problems with the line
count = len([i for i in x if i >= 0.5])

First of all, you're creating a list of all the matching elements instead of just counting them. To count them do
count = sum(1 for i in x if i >= threshold)

Now the problem is that you are doing a linear pass through the entire array for each alpha, which is not necessary.
As I commented under @Andrej Kesely's answer, let's say we have N = len(x) and M = len(alpha). Your implementation is O(M * N) time complexity, while sorting gives you O((M + N) log N). For M << N (small alpha), your complexity is approximately O(N), which beats O(N log N). But for M ~= N, yours approaches O(N^2) vs my O(N log N).


In 2014, NuForce's cofounder, Jason Lim, with backing from the OEM factory, bought the assets of NuForce's high-end division, and formed NuPrime Audio, Inc. Under the leadership of Jason Lim, NuPrime has assembled a design team comprised of highly talented engineers. NuPrime has since introduced a series of superbly engineered yet affordable audio components that has won numerous accolades over the past few years. In 2015, for the first time in high end audio history, NuPrime has received four Product Of The Year awards from two prestigious magazines The Absolute Sound and SoundStage! Network.
NuPrime remains to be one of the few audio companies that is still pushing the boundaries with in house Research and Development, culminating with the NuPrime Evo One in 2018. Evo One is the first Class-D amp that achieved 1M Ohm input impedance and 700kHz switching frequency, with sonic performance unmatched by any Class-D amps, and surpassing most of the world class solid state amps. Besides having better performance than competing off-the-shelf solutions, NuPrime is able to tailor the sound of our amplifiers with our Hybrid Class D technology. Our products encompass design philosophies only seen at much higher price point, which is in-line with our pursuit of creating high-end audio components at affordable prices.
How does NuPrime achieve its price-performance advantage over competitors?
Let's have a look at pricing. We don't price a unit based on how good it sounds within our own product line or compared with the competition. We are an engineering company plain and simple. We don't price our amps based on weight or workmanship. We price our products based on cost. Over time costs come down due to innovations and performance advances. For example, you may know that preamp switch resistors are quite expensive. We have learned how to implement them at a much lower cost by using FPGA, a big logic chip. Designs that were once exclusive to super-expensive preamps now occupy of our modestly priced amps and DACs. We've advanced from a bank of expensive resistors to a fruitful chip. In terms of cost difference the journey from one to the other amounts to an order of magnitude. Similarly, our amplifiers employ a naturally occurring self-oscillating design principle to generate the PWM pulses for Class D sampling rather than incorporating a relatively expensive PWM generator. In short, instead of marketing a crazy-expensive amp, we're in a position to sell an STA-9 at $649.
Typically a brand works with an OEM factory, including supplier factories, to achieve its target products. It isn't often that a brand owns its own factory. Atypically, NuPrime is vertically integrated: we don't subcontract for amplifiers and power supplies. Our in-house engineering team makes it unnecessary to spend elsewhere for what we do so well. Our stocked parts range from raw materials and ICs to semi-assembled boards. Hybrid Class-D switching and linear power supplies, DACs, preamps, and anything else we require are conceived and achieved in-house. Admittedly, we can't do it all. On occasion we partner to develop a product another company does better. In short, NuPrime customers benefit from our R&D, efficiency and fruitful associations.
Where are your products made and who benefits from my purchase?
Some of our customers want to know where our products are made and who benefits from their purchase. NuPrime electronics are made in Taiwan with parts sources from suppliers worldwide, with roughly 30% percent from the US companies. 60% of gross profits pay US dealers, support and sales staffs. 10% of gross profits go to Taiwanese factory workers and expenses. The remaining 30% go to engineering, marketing and management staff.


Whisky connoisseurs will enjoy visiting many of the distilleries in Perthshire and the surrounding area. In particular, there are two local distilleries in Pitlochry, the picturesque Edradour which is the smallest working distillery in Scotland and Blair Athol Distillery. Nearby in Aberfeldy is the "Dewars World of Whisky", and in Crieff, you enjoy a day out to "The Famous Grouse Experience".


text:
I. Name and Affiliation of the Lodge
A. The name of the Lodge shall be Alibamu Lodge #179, Order of the Arrow, W.W.W.
B. The Lodge shall be affiliated with the Tukabatchee Area Council, Boy Scouts of America, and shall be under the administrative authority of the Scout Executive.
C. The totem of the Lodge shall be the right profile of an Indian brave wearing a one feathered headband.
D. The Lodge shall have an official Lodge neckerchief as approved by the Lodge Executive Committee.
1. Each Brotherhood/Vigil member shall have the opportunity to purchase one current official Lodge neckerchief that is not to be traded or resold.
2. Lodge neckerchiefs shall be worn only at Order of the Arrow functions.
E. Order of the Arrow sashes shall be worn only with the official Scout, Explorer, or Scouter uniform.
1. The sash may be worn by youth in ceremonial events.
II. Membership
A. Membership election requirements and procedures for youth and adults of this Lodge are as stated in the current printing of the Order of the Arrow handbook.
B. Ordeal Membership
1. Procedures for the Ordeal shall be as stated in the current printing of the Order of the Arrow handbook.
2. The Ordeal membership fee shall be payable at the time of the Ordeal induction. Payment of this fee shall entitle each new Ordeal member to receive a membership card, an OA sash, an OA handbook, and one current Lodge flap patch.
3. Ordeal ceremonies are normally held in the Spring and Summer
C. Brotherhood Membership
1. Completion of Brotherhood membership shall be in accordance with the requirements in the current printing of the Order of the Arrow Handbook.
2. The Brotherhood fee is payable at time of the Brotherhood induction and includes the cost of the Brotherhood sash.
3. Brotherhood ceremonies are normally held in conjunction with Ordeal ceremonies and at Fall Fellowship.
D. The Vigil Honor
1. Attainment of the Vigil Honor shall be in accordance with the requirements in the current printing of the OA handbook.
2. The Vigil Honor fee is payable at the time of the Vigil induction and includes the cost of the Vigil sash, BSA Vigil certificate, and card.
3. The Vigil ceremony is normally held at Fall Fellowship.
III. Lodge Officers
A. The officers of the Lodge shall be: Lodge Chief, Lodge Vice Chief, Lodge Secretary, and the Lodge Treasurer.
1. Officers must be registered in scouting, active, and in good standing with the Lodge.
2. Officer's terms normally run from July 1 through June 30 for one year.
3. Officers must be under 21 years of age for the length of their term.
4. Officers may be re-elected provided they still meet the eligibility requirements.
5. Officers are elected at the Allogagan Ordeal.
a. If the nominee is present, he must agree to serve in the office being nominated for or his name will be withdrawn.
b. If the nominee is not present, the person submitting the nomination must have written and signed permission from the nominee to place his name on the ballot for that office.
c. The winner must have 50% of the votes cast plus one, of the members present or there will be a run-off between the top two vote getters.
d. Only OA Lodge members under the age of 21 may vote for Lodge Officers.
B. The Executive Committee shall be composed of the elected Lodge Officers, immediate Past Lodge Chief, Lodge Adviser, Associate Lodge Adviser(s), Lodge Camping Chairman and Adviser, Lodge Publications Chairman and Adviser, Lodge Service Chairman and Adviser, Lodge Vigil Chairman and Adviser, Lodge Ceremony Chairman and Adviser, Lodge Training Chairman and Adviser, Historian and History Committee Adviser, Cub Scout Chairman and Adviser, Special Events Chairman and Adviser, Merit Badge Day Chairman and Adviser, Drum & Dance Chairman and Adviser, Chapter Chief and Adviser for each Chapter, Scout Executive and Staff Adviser.
1. The Executive Committee shall conduct the business of the Lodge and shall coordinate the work being done by the officers and operating Committees.
2. Only youth members of the Executive Committee have a vote concerning Lodge business. Advisers advise only (see VI).
3. The Scout Executive, or his representative, has ultimate authority as Supreme Chief of the Fire.
C. The Lodge Adviser shall be appointed annually by the Scout Executive in consultation with the chairman of the Council Program Committee and the Lodge Chief.
D. The Lodge Chief shall appoint operating Committees and Committee chairman with the approval of the Lodge Adviser.
1. Committee Chairman shall be under the age of 21.
2. Adult Advisers for Committees will be appointed by the Lodge Adviser after consultation with the Lodge Chief.
3. Duties of the Committees will be established by the Lodge Executive Committee. Special Committees may be formed for conclaves/special events.
E. Members of the Executive Committee that can no longer function satisfactorily in their elected or appointed capacity may be replaced for the remainder of their term. Before this can be done, the affected member must have an opportunity to present their case to the Executive Committee.
1. Procedures to follow are in an enclosed Operating Procedure.
IV. Lodge Meetings
A. The Lodge shall conduct four Lodge events a year.
B. The Executive Committee shall conduct at least four meetings each year.
C. Special meetings of the Lodge or the Executive Committee may be called by the Lodge Chief, Lodge Adviser, Associate Lodge Adviser, or Scout Executive, with the approval of the Scout Executive or his designated representative.
1. All members of the Lodge and/or Executive Committee must be notified in sufficient time to enable them to attend the special meeting.
2. The Scout Executive or his designated representative must be in attendance.
D. All regular meetings of the Lodge and its Executive Committee shall be published.
E. All meetings of the Lodge should be opened with the Obligation of the Order of the Arrow and closed with the Order of the Arrow song.
F. All meetings of the Lodge and its Executive Committee shall be conducted according to the latest edition of Robert's Rules of Order. (Revised)
G. All meetings of the Executive Committee will have minutes recorded that will show proposals made, actions taken, and members in attendance.
V. Lodge Finances
A. Dues will be set by the Executive Committee and published in the Lodge newsletter by Fall Fellowship.
B. Delinquent dues.
1. Dues not paid by the end of the annual Lodge banquet in January may have a $2.00 late fee added.
2. When one has not paid dues for over two years, a reinstatement fee of $10.00 may be charged.
3. Members delinquent in their dues also lose privileges of membership such as newsletters, voting, representing the Lodge at Conclaves and NOACs, and attending Lodge events such as banquets, ordeals, and Fall Fellowship.
4. Dues are not pro-rated for the year in which paid.
C. All Order of the Arrow funds will be handled through the council office and go through all the normal accounting procedures.
D. Neither the Lodge, Chapter, or members under its jurisdiction shall have the authority to bind the Tukabatchee Area Council or the Boy Scouts of America to any financial obligation.
E. Neither the Lodge or any Chapter under its jurisdiction may hold title to any real property.
F. Money-earning projects undertaken by the Lodge or any of its Chapters must file a BSA Money Earning Application and be approved in advance by the Lodge Executive Committee and the Scout Executive.
1. Lodge money earning applications must be presented by and be executed under the direct supervision of the Lodge Chief, Lodge Adviser, and Lodge Staff Adviser.
2. Chapter money earning applications must be presented by and executed under the direct supervision of the Chapter Chief, Chapter Adviser, and Chapter staff Adviser (District Executive).
G. Prices for patches and other items sold by the OA will be set by the Lodge Executive Committee.
VI. Voting
A. Adult Lodge members, age 21 or over, do not have a vote in matters of Lodge/Chapter business.
B. Youth Lodge members, under 21, vote on matters of Lodge /Chapter matters.
VII. Chapters
A. The Lodge shall be divided into Chapters according to the recommendations made by the Lodge Executive Committee, Lodge Adviser, and the Scout Executive.
1. Chapters are separate entities but are integral parts of the Lodge established to carry out the Lodge's policies and progress as provided for in these rules and as adopted by the Lodge Executive Committee.
2. Chapters shall be under supervision of the respective District Program Committee and the respective District Scout Executive and under the administrative authority of the Scout Executive.
B. Chapter officers of each chapter shall be Chapter Chief, Chapter Vice Chief(s), and Chapter Secretary.
1. Chapter officers must meet the same requirements as Lodge officers as stated in III, A, 1-5, above.
C. Each Chapter shall have a Chapter Adviser appointed by the Scout Executive in consultation with the Lodge Adviser, the Chairman of the respective District Program Committee and the respective District Scout Executive. D. Chapters shall only have the same operating committees as the lodge. The Chairman of these committees shall be appointed by the Chapter Chief with the approval of the Chapter Adviser and shall be members of the corresponding Lodge operating committees.
E. All Chapter meetings shall be conducted according to the latest edition of Robert's Rules of Order (Revised).
F. Chapter officers that can no longer function satisfactorily in their
elected or appointed capacity may be replaced for the remainder of their term.
1. Procedures to follow are enclosed in an Operating Procedure.
VIII. Authority
A. The Lodge Executive Committee, Lodge Adviser, and Scout Executive shall have the right to interpret these Lodge rules.
B. The Lodge Executive Committee shall write and implement the required operating procedures for these Lodge rules.
C. The Scout Executive shall be the ultimate authority of the Lodge.
D. Nothing in these rules, printed or not, will conflict with the rules
established by the current issue of the Order of the Arrow Handbook or the Administrative Guide for Officers.
IX. Amendments to the Rules
A. These rules are subject to amendment at any regular or special meeting of the Lodge provided:
1. The amendment(s) is/are submitted in writing to the Lodge membership so that they have sufficient time to study the changes (normally 30+ days).
2. A date is established for voting on the amendment(s).
3. Amendment(s) is/are approved or disapproved by simple majority vote (50% plus 1 vote ) of the members voting.
APPROVED by the Lodge voting membership on May 3, 1996
AMENDED by the Lodge voting membership on January 9, 1999
AMENDED by the Lodge voting membership on October 8, 1999
AMENDED by the Lodge voting membership on May 10, 2015
AMENDED by the Lodge voting membership on December 3, 2016


Scrap the rulebook and unite around a set of unifying beliefs.
At Black Slate we know just how effective a well-managed set of values is to a recruitment agency. Done well, an inspiring set of values is your route to a successful culture.
For those in need of something weightier we can provide a full Code of Conduct; one good enough to keep the finger-waggers in Legal and HR happy.


Connect G-Charger to a vehicle battery to power your mobile device through the included USB adapter. Alternately unplug the USB adapter and plug in any 12 volt or cigarette lighter powered accessory. See instructions for details.
Caution! A fully or partially drained battery will not provide enough power to start the vehicle.. Don't deplete the battery and become stranded with a vehicle that won't start!


If you are looking for deals on junk removal in Port St Lucie, Florida from top rated, local Port St Lucie junk haulers, then you've come to the right place. Junk Removal 123's found 0 Port St Lucie junk hauling experts. The nearest junk hauling company in Port St Lucie is , which is located at . Saving time and money on junk hauling in Port St Lucie, FL, is easier than it's ever been now that you've found Junk Hauling 123. When you use JunkHauling123.com to get junk removal in Port St Lucie, you know that you'll get low prices, dependable customer service, and Port St Lucie junk haulers that will show up on-time.
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For a decade, ICLEI Resilient Cities has been providing a global and open space where local governments, researchers, businesses and civil society could meet as equals, contributing with their knowledge and expertise to the advancement of urban resilience. More than 500 participants and beyond 30 partners each year helped make Resilient Cities a milestone event connecting local government leaders and climate adaptation experts to discuss adaptation challenges facing urban environments around the globe.
To read more on the event and programme, please follow this link.


text:
Le cimetière des Arabes situé à Nessadiou (un quartier détaché de Bourail) est un cimetière attribué aux Algériens du Pacifique qui étaient déportés au bagne en Nouvelle-Calédonie. La forte présence de cette communauté à Bourail a influencé la création de ce cimetière.

Histoire

Le cimetière arabe de Nessadiou, et le centre culturel appelé aussi la mosquée, témoignent de l'arrivée de près de  Algériens déportés de droit commun entre 1864 et 1897 en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Nombre d'entre eux ont obtenu des concessions à Nessadiou et Boghen et s'y installent.

À l'occasion de la séance du , Charles Metzger interroge la commission « pour savoir s'il y aurait ou n'y aurait pas d'inconvénients à créer, à Nessadiou, un cimetière musulman ». Le cimetière musulman de Nessadiou est établi en 1897, sur un terrain offert par M. Miloud, proche de la rivière Nessadiou et de la tombe du marabout Sidi Moulay. Le centre culturel situé à côté du cimetière fait office de lieu de culte pour les musulmans de la région.

En 1969 est créée l'association des Arabes et amis des Arabes, qui s'occupe activement de mobiliser les fonds pour préserver le cimetière et son attache avec la communauté arabe locale.

Le , le ministre délégué à la Promotion de l'égalité des chances Azouz Begag se recueille dans le cimetière des Arabes de Nessadiou.

Références

Voir aussi
Bourail
Algériens du Pacifique
Bagne de Nouvelle-Calédonie

Monument en Nouvelle-Calédonie
Cimetière en France

Cimetière musulman

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Gene Simmons Family Jewels Returns October 4
My breath is being held
By Eric Olsen, Editor
Anyone who gives a fig knows that in the finale of last season's Family Jewels, Gene proposed to loooooongtime girlfriend Shannon Tweed. Aah, the suspense!
Is there any point to getting married after a 28-year relationship, complete with two grown children? Isn't it a bit anticlimactic? Okay, NOW you're official. Now you'll have to, you know, try. Or maybe it's a ploy to generate more interest in Family Jewels. How's that for life imitating art imitating life with a profoundly cynical twist? The video looks like a Mexican soap opera. Did a TV cameraman just happen to stroll by, ready to shoot?
Nonetheless, A&E announced today that the Simmons-Tweed clan will return to the tube on October 4, and viewers will find out Shannon's answer to Gene's proposal in a special one-hour season premiere.
Eric Olsen is a career media professional and serial entrepreneur who has written influentially on a vast array of topics for periodicals, books, TV, radio, and the Internet. Olsen founded and published award winning online magazine Blogcritics.org and oversaw creation of the original content organization…
More from Eric
A Perfect Haze: Harvey Kubernik and the Magical Monterey International Pop Festival
Examining The Fabric of the Cosmos with Brian Greene
Man, Woman, Wild's Mykel Hawke and Ruth England
Syfy Kicks Halloween in Nutsack for 31 Days
Stalking Spirits with Ghost Adventures' Aaron Goodwin
#A&E
#Gene Simmons
#Gene Simmons Family Jewels
#proposal
#Shannon Tweed


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