text:
\section{Introduction}

Grand Unified Theories containing heavy right handed neutrinos
provide a  natural framework for
generation of small neutrino masses.
Their generic properties are \cite{GU}

(i) the (approximate) quark-lepton symmetry which relates
  the  quarks mass matrices and
the Dirac neutrino mass matrix at the Grand Unification (GU) scale
$\Lambda_{GU}$:
$m^D_{\nu} \sim  m_q$. This relation could be exact in case of the third
generation so that $m^D_{3} =  m_t$ at $\Lambda_{GU}$;

(ii) the lepton  number violation
 at the Grand Unification scale.

This naturally realizes
the see-saw mechanism of the neutrino mass generation with
the Majorana masses of the right handed neutrinos at the GU scale:
$M_R \sim \Lambda_{GU} \sim 10^{16}$ GeV.
In this scenario, the mass $m_3$ of the heaviest active neutrino
 turns out to be in the range $\approx (1 - 3)\cdot 10^{-3}$ eV
required for a solution of the solar neutrino problem
via $\nu_e \rightarrow \nu_{\tau}$ resonance conversion \cite{MSW}.
Moreover, the $\nu_e - \nu_{\tau}$ mixing  can also be
\cite{BLS,SM1} in the correct range.
 The parameters of the
$\nu_e - \nu_{\mu}$ mixing in this scenario
can be such that the solar neutrinos
undergo also long range vacuum oscillations on the
way to the Earth \cite{BLS,LP}. The interplay of conversion
and oscillations  can lead to observable effects \cite{BLS}.
We will refer to this possibility as  the Grand Unification
scenario.

The GU scenario does not allow one to explain
the atmospheric neutrino problem. The existence of this problem and its
oscillation solutions have been   reinforced recently by
high statistics observations of the zenith angle
asymmetry and $E/L$ dependence at the Super-Kamiokande \cite{SK}
as well as by the SOUDAN data \cite{soudan}.
Furthermore, in the GU scenario
the neutrinos are  too light to explain the
LSND \cite{LSND} result and to be a hot dark matter relevant
for structure formation in the Universe.

We will show in this paper
that a minimal extension of the
GU scenario obtained by introducing only one light
singlet fermion which mixes  strongly with
muon neutrino leads
to solution of  all these problems simultaneously.
In what follows we will describe  the scenario (sect. 2)
and consider its phenomenology (sect. 3). In  sect. 4
we will discuss the origin of singlet and its mixing.

\section{Scenario}

In analogy with the quark sector let us start with
basis $\nu_a = (\nu_{e'} , \nu_{\mu'},  \nu_{\tau'})$
where the
leptonic mass matrices  (both neutrino and charged lepton) have
hierarchical structure with small mixing.
As in the GU scenario,  we suggest that active neutrinos
acquire a mass term via the see-saw mechanism,
\begin{equation}
\label{sees}
m^{S} = - m_D M_R^{-1} m_D^T~.
\end{equation}
Here $m_D$ and  $M_R$ are the Dirac and the Majorana mass matrices
respectively.

The scale in $M_R$ is identified with the grand unification scale
$\Lambda_{GU}$ and  the Dirac mass of the third generation is identified
with
the top quark mass. This leads to $ m_{\tau \tau}\sim {\mbox few}
\times 10^{-3}$ eV. In  case of the linear  hierarchy of the
mass eigenstates of $M_R$, the second diagonal mass
$m_{\mu \mu} \sim 10^{-5}$ eV  and  $m_{e e} \ll m_{\mu\m}$.

We suggest that on the top of  the  GU  scenario  there
exists an  additional light singlet state $\nu_s$  which couples
predominantly to $\nu_{\mu'}$ in
the basis $\nu_a$:
\begin{equation}
\label{coupl}
m_{\mu s} {\nu}_{\mu'}^T \nu_s + m_{s s} \nu^T_s \nu_s + h.c. ,
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
m_{\mu s} \sim O({\rm  eV}), ~~~~m_{s s} \ll m_{\mu s}.
\end{equation}
The additional term $m_{\mu
\mu}{\nu}_{\mu'}^T{\nu}_{\mu'}$
can also be generated in some variants.  We will take $m_{\mu
\mu} \ll m_{\mu s}$.
The complete neutrino mass matrix can be parameterized as
\begin{equation}
\label{4by4}
{\cal M}_\nu = m^{S} + m(\nu_s) =  \left(
\begin{array}{cccc}
m_{ee}&m_{e\mu}&m_{e\tau}&0\\
m_{e\mu}&m_{\mu\m}&m_{\mu \tau}&m_{\mu s}\\
m_{e\tau}&m_{\mu\tau}&m_{\tau\t}&0\\
0&m_{\mu s}&0&m_{ss}\\ \end{array} \right )~.
\end{equation}
In general, the elements
$m_{e s}$ and $m_{\tau s}$ are  non-zero. In this case the matrix
can be reduced to the above form by additional rotation of usual
neutrino components.
We assume that this rotation is not substantially bigger than rotation
corresponding to usual (CKM-) mixing.
The mass $m_{ss}$ can be generated if $\nu_s$ couples to the
right handed neutrinos: $m_{sR} \nu_s \nu_R$. This
leads to $m_{ss} \sim  m_{sR}^2/\Lambda_{GU}$
which gives $m_{ss} \sim 10^{-1}$ eV for $m_{sR} \sim 1$ TeV.

Let us introduce  $4\times 4$ matrix $U^{\nu}$ which diagonalizes
(\ref{4by4}), so that $\nu_\alpha =  U^\nu_{\alpha i} \nu_i$, where
$\nu_i$ $(i = 1, 2, 3, 4)$ are the neutrino mass eigenstates.
Analogously, let $U^l$ be a $4\times 4$ matrix such that
its $3\times 3$ block
diagonalizes the charged
lepton mass matrix: $l_a = U^{l, 3}_{a \alpha} l_{\alpha}$,
($l_{\alpha} = e, \mu, \tau$) and
$U^{l}_{\alpha a} = \delta_{\alpha s} \delta_{a s}$.
Then the leptonic CKM   matrix
determining the flavor mixing of neutrinos:
$\nu_{\alpha} = U_{\alpha i}\nu_i$ equals
\begin{equation}
\label{mixing}
U_{\alpha i}=U^{*l}_{\alpha a} U^\nu_{a i}, ~~~\alpha = e, \mu, \tau, s ~~~i = 1, 2, 3,
4; ~~~~a = e', \mu', \tau', s ,
\end{equation}

The introduction of  $\nu_s$ with couplings
(\ref{coupl}) substantially changes the neutrino mass spectrum and
lepton mixing of the  GU scenario.

(i) Since $m_{\mu s}$ is much bigger than all see-saw contributions,
$\nu_{\mu'}$ and $\nu_s$ will form pseudo Dirac neutrino
with mass $\approx m_{\mu s}$. The states  $\nu_{\mu'}$ and $\nu_s$
mix maximally in $\nu_2$ and $\nu_4$ and the mass squared
difference  equals
\begin{equation}
\label{ma}
\Delta m^2_{24} \equiv m_4^2 - m_2^2  = 2 m_{\mu s} (m_{\mu\m}+m_{ss}).
\end{equation}
We fix $\Delta m^2_{24} = (10^{-3} - 10^{-2})~ {\rm eV}^2$,  so that
oscillations $\nu_{\mu} \leftrightarrow \nu_s$
solve the atmospheric neutrino problem \cite{SK}. For $m_{\mu s}\sim \,{\rm eV}$,
this leads to  $(m_{\mu\m} + m_{ss}) \sim (0.005-0.05)$ eV.

(ii) The introduction of $\nu_s$ does not  practically change the
mass and mixing of the $\nu_{e'} - \nu_{\tau'}$
sub-system. Indeed, diagonalization of the
$\nu_\mu-\nu_s$ sub-system will give corrections to the mass terms of the
$\nu_{e'}$ and  $\nu_{\tau'}$ suppressed by
$m_{e \mu}/m_{\mu s} \ll 10^{-3}$ and
$m_{\mu \tau}/m_{\mu s} \ll 1$. Hence,
$U^\nu_{a i} \approx U^{ss}_{a i}$ for $a = e',  \tau', i = 1,  3$, where
$U^{ss}$ diagonalizes the purely see-saw contribution, eq. (\ref{sees}).
Therefore as in the GU scenario \cite{BLS} the $\nu_{e}-\nu_{\tau}$
conversion solves the solar neutrino problem \cite{BLS}.

(iii) Unlike the $\nu_{e'}-\nu_{\tau'}$ sub-system, the mixing between
$\nu_{e'}-\nu_{\mu'}$ as well as $\nu_{\mu'} - \nu_{\tau'}$
following from
(\ref{4by4}) is  suppressed in comparison with the see-saw
prediction by factors : $m_{\mu \mu}/m_{\mu s} \ll 10^{-3}$ and
$m_{\tau \tau}/m_{\mu s} \ll 10^{-3}$ respectively.
Therefore, the contribution of the neutrino mass matrix to lepton mixing
in $e - \mu$ and $\mu - \tau$ sectors is negligibly small. The mixing will
be
determined mainly by the mass matrix of the charged leptons,
$$
\theta_{e \mu} \approx \theta_{e \mu}^l ~~~~~
\theta_{\mu \tau} \approx \theta_{\mu \tau}^l .
$$
$\theta_{e \mu}^l$ can be chosen to explain the
LSND result.

Thus, we can write the  matrix $U^\nu_{a i}$ which
diagonalizes (\ref{4by4}) and therefore
describes
the contribution of the neutrino mass matrix to the lepton mixing
as
\begin{equation}
\label{44nu}
U^\nu \approx
\left(
\begin{array}{cccc}
\cos \theta  & 0 & \sin\theta & 0  \\
0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt 2} & 0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt 2}\\
- \sin\theta  & 0 &  \cos \theta  & 0\\
0 & - \frac{1}{\sqrt 2} & 0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt 2}\\
\end{array} \right )~,
\end{equation}
where $\sin \theta\  = U_{e'3}^{\nu}$
describes the $\nu_{e'}- \nu_{\tau'}$  mixing.
 For the charged lepton matrix $||U^{l}_{\alpha a}||$ we assume
 a form typical for the quark mixing. Then the total lepton mixing
matrix  defined in (\ref{mixing}) can be written as
\begin{equation}
\label{mixing1}
U \approx
\left(
\begin{array}{cccc}
U_{e e'}^* c  - U_{e \tau'}^* s &
U_{e \mu'}^*/\sqrt{2} &
U_{e e'}^* s  + U_{e \tau'}^* c &
U_{e \mu'}^*/\sqrt{2} \\
U_{\mu e'}^* c  - U_{\mu \tau'}^* s &
U_{\mu \mu'}^*/\sqrt{2} &
U_{\mu e'}^* s  + U_{\mu \tau'}^* c &
U_{\mu \mu'}^*/\sqrt{2} \\
U_{\tau e'}^* c  - U_{\tau \tau'}^* s &
U_{\tau \mu'}^*/\sqrt{2} &
U_{\tau e'}^* s  + U_{\tau \tau'}^* c &
U_{\tau \mu'}^*/\sqrt{2} \\
0 & - 1/\sqrt 2 & 0  & 1/\sqrt 2\\
\end{array} \right )~.
\label{matrix}
\end{equation}
Here $c \equiv \cos \theta, s \equiv \sin \theta$.
Notice that in our approximation $\nu_s$ has no admixture in the light
neutrino states $\nu_1$ and $\nu_3$. Moreover,
\begin{equation}
\label{equality}
U_{\alpha 2} =  U_{\alpha 4} , ~~~ \alpha = e, \mu, \tau .
\label{u2u4}
\end{equation}

The resulting mass spectrum and mixing pattern are shown in Fig. 1.
It is seen that this mass spectrum
simultaneously solves the atmospheric neutrino problem,
explains the LSND result and provides two component HDM in the Universe.

\section{Phenomenology}

For generic values of parameters the suggested 4 neutrino scheme has
three different scales of the mass squared differences with the following
hierarchy:
$$
\Delta m^2_{12}\gg
\Delta m^2_{24}\gg
\Delta m^2_{13} .
$$
Moreover, one mixing is almost maximal, whereas
other mixings are small. This simplifies the task reducing
dynamics in all particular cases to dynamics of two
neutrino systems. Phenomenology of this scheme
has been considers partly in \cite{hier} also.

\subsection{Solar neutrinos}

For solar neutrinos, the heavy components $\nu_2$ and $\nu_4$
``decouple" leading to the averaged oscillation effect,
while the combination of the light states
\begin{equation}
\nu_e' \equiv {1\over \cos \phi_e}  (U_{e1}\nu_1+U_{e3}\nu_3)
\end{equation}
with  $\cos^2 \phi_e \equiv U_{e1}^2+U_{e3}^2$ gets converted to
its  orthogonal state.
The survival probability can be readily written as
\begin{equation}
\label{solarp}
P_{\nu_e} = \cos^4\phi_e P_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \sin^4 \phi_e ~,
\end{equation}
where $P_{2}$ is the two generation survival  probability
for $\nu_e' \rightarrow$(orthogonal state);
here we have used
 $U_{e2}^2 =  U_{e4}^2 =
0.5 \sin^2 \phi_e$ following from eq.(\ref{u2u4}). Strong bound on the
angle $\phi_e$
follows from the short range laboratory experiments.
Indeed, for the short range experiments we find the
survival probability
\begin{equation}
\label{shot1}
P_{\nu_e} = 1  -  \sin^2 2\phi_e \sin^2 \frac{\Delta m_{14}^2 t}{4 E}.
\end{equation}
{}From BUGEY bound \cite{BUGEY} $\sin^2 2\phi_e \leq (4 - 8) \cdot
10^{-2}$
for
$\Delta m_{14}^2 \sim O( {\rm eV})$ we get
$\cos^2 \phi_e \geq 0.98$  and
$0.5 \sin^4 \phi_e \leq (0.5 - 2) \cdot 10^{-4}$.
Thus to a good approximation
$P_{\nu_e} = P_2 (\Delta m^2_{13}, \sin^2 2\theta_e)$, where
$\sin^2 2\theta_e \equiv 4U_{e1}^2 U_{e3}^2 /\cos^2 \phi_e$.
The corrections due to the presence of heavy states are very small.
The electron neutrino survival
probability does not significantly
differ from the corresponding two active neutrino case
which requires
\begin{equation}
\label{solar}
\Delta m_{13}^2\sim (4 - 10) \times 10^{-6} \,{\rm eV}^2\;
\; ; \;\; 4 U_{e1}^2 U_{e3}^2  \sim (3-10) \times 10^{-3}.
\end{equation}

\subsection{Atmospheric neutrinos}

The atmospheric neutrino deficit is explained mainly by the
oscillations $\nu_{\mu}\leftrightarrow \nu_{s}$.
The transition probabilities are small in  other channels of oscillations.
As follows from eq.(\ref{mixing1}), the muon neutrino
has a small admixture of the lighter states
$\nu_1$ and $\nu_3$. This leads to  oscillations
due to large splitting $\Delta m_{12}^2$ which get averaged out.
Strong non averaged oscillations are stipulated
by splitting $\Delta m_{24}^2$ while the splitting $\Delta m_{31}^2$ is
irrelevant due to smallness
of the $\nu_e$ mixing in the heaviest states. As a result, we find
the survival probability for the muon neutrinos:
\begin{equation}
\label{ats}
P_{\nu_\mu} = 1 - \cos^4 \phi_{\mu}
\sin^2{\Delta m_{42}^2t\over 4 E} - {1\over 2}\sin^2 2\phi_{\mu}~,
\end{equation}
where $\cos^2 \phi_{\mu} \equiv  U_{\mu 2}^2 + U_{\mu 4}^2$,
and we  used equality  $U_{\mu 2}^2 =  U_{\mu 4}^2$.
The last term in (\ref{ats}) is due to averaged oscillation
contribution.
The modifications of the usual two neutrino oscillation probability
in (\ref{atm})  described by the parameter $\phi_{\mu}$
are strongly constrained by the short-range experiments.
Indeed, for the the oscillations with $\Delta m_{4i}^2\sim
\Delta m_{2i}^2\sim \,{\rm eV}^2 \;\;(i=1,3)$
we find the survival probability
\begin{equation}
\label{short}
P_{\nu_\mu} =  1 -   \sin^2 2\phi_{\mu}
\sin^2{\Delta m_{41}^2t\over 4 E}.
\end{equation}
The negative results in
the $\nu_\mu$ disappearance experiment  by CDHS group imply
\cite{CDHS}
$ \sin^2 2\phi_{\mu} <0.1 $
for $1.0 \,{\rm eV}^2<\Delta m_{41}^2<10 \,{\rm eV}^2$.
Thus the last term in (\ref{ats}) is less than 0.05 and
$P_{\nu_\mu}$ reduces approximately  to two neutrino
case.
In particular,
the  double ratio  in  the atmospheric
neutrino fluxes  is determined by the
survival probability $P_{\nu_\mu}$.
The analysis of the data \cite{FVY} gives
relevant ranges of the neutrino parameters
\begin{equation}
\label{atm}
\Delta m_{42}^2\sim (2-10) \times 10^{-3} \,{\rm eV}^2\;\; ;\;\;
  4 U_{\mu 2}^2U_{\mu 4}^2
\sim (0.8-1)
\end{equation}
which are similar to those for $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_{\tau}$.

The $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_{\tau}$
and $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_s$ oscillation solutions are rather similar as
far as the low energy charged current data are concerned.
There are  crucial points which distinguish the solutions.

1. The neutral current
induced events are unaffected if the atmospheric
neutrinos oscillate to $\nu_\tau$ but
are reduced in  the case of the $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_s$ oscillations
\cite{VS}. The neutral current reactions,
in particular
$\nu N \rightarrow \nu N \pi^0$,  give main
contribution to the sample of isolated $\pi^0$ events.
Useful measure of this
is provided by the ratios $(i) N_{\pi^0}/N_e \;(ii) N_{\pi^0}/N_\mu$
and $(iii)
N_{\pi^0}/N_{multi-ring}$. Here $N_{e,\mu,\pi^0}$ denote the standard
e-like, $\mu$-like events
and number of events with isolated  pions produced mainly
through neutral current interaction. The $N_{multi-ring}$
result mainly through  the charged
current induced reactions \cite{VS}. The  ratios can differ
by (30-50)\% in two relevant cases if the survival probability is
around 0.6 \cite{VS}. It should be possible to see this difference and
distinguish these two possibilities with increased statistics
in the  Superkamiokande experiment.

2. Events induced by the high energy neutrinos, like
upward going muons (throughgoing and stopping)
are affected by matter in the case of $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_s$ oscillations
and there is no matter effect in
$\nu_{\mu} - \nu_{\tau}$ channel.
For   $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_s$ oscillations the matter effect
leads to peculiar zenith angle ($\Theta$) distribution of the muons
\cite{LS,LMS}. The distribution has two dips at
$\cos \Theta = - 0.8 - 0.3$ and $\cos \Theta = - 1.0 - 0.8$.
The latter dip is due to the parametric resonance \cite{param} in
oscillations
of neutrinos which cross the core of the Earth. In fact,
MACRO, Baksan and SuperKamiokande data give some indications
of such a distribution \cite{LMS}.

3. Up-down asymmetry in neutral current induced events, i.e.
$\nu N \rightarrow \nu N \pi^0$ can also provide a means to distinguish
the two oscillation channels \cite{pak}.

\subsection{Short range $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_e$ and $\nu_{\mu} -
\nu_{\tau}$ oscillations}

The transition probability $P_{\nu_e\nu_\mu}$
in the short range experiments which are sensitive only to the large
mass splitting  $\Delta m_{41}^2\approx \Delta m_{43}^2
\approx \Delta m_{23}^2\approx \Delta m_{21}^2$
is given by
$$
P_{\nu_e\nu_\mu}= \sin^2 2\phi_{e \mu} \sin^2{\Delta m_{41}^2t\over 4 E},
$$
where  according to (\ref{matrix})
$$
\sin^2 2\phi_{e \mu} = - 4(U_{e1} U_{\mu1} + U_{e3} U_{\mu3})
(U_{e2} U_{\mu2} + U_{e4} U_{\mu4}) \approx 4 (U_{e \mu'}^l U_{\mu
\mu'}^l)^2 .
$$
Positive signal reported by LSND implies
\begin{equation}
\label{lsnd}
\sin^2 2\phi_{e \mu} \sim (0.1 - 4)\cdot  10^{-2}, ~~~~
\Delta m_{41}^2 \sim (0.3 - 2.5)~ {\rm eV}^2.
\end{equation}
Notice that
$ \theta_{e\mu}\sim \theta^l_{e\mu} \sim \sqrt{m_e/ m_\mu}$
gives for the effective mixing angle appearing in (\ref{lsnd})
$$
\sin^2 2\phi_{e \mu}\sim 2\times  10^{-2}
$$
which is in the right range.

For $\nu_{\mu} - \nu_\tau$ short range oscillations
we get similar two neutrino oscillation probability with
$\Delta m^2 = \Delta m^2_{14}$ and
$$
\sin^2 2\phi_{\mu \tau} = - 4(U_{\tau 1} U_{\mu1} + U_{\tau 3} U_{\mu3})
(U_{\tau2} U_{\mu2} + U_{\tau4} U_{\mu4}) \approx 4 (U_{\tau \mu'}^l
U_{\mu \mu'}^l)^2 .
$$
The  depth of oscillations is determined basically by
mixing of charged leptons in the selected basis.

\subsection {Supernova neutrinos}

Let us first find  the level crossing scheme, i.e.
the dependence of the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian
of the system on the density of the medium. The Hamiltonian
can be written as
$$
H = \frac{M^2}{2 E} + V,
$$
where $M$ is the neutrino mass matrix in flavor basis and $V = diag(V_e,
V_{\mu}, V_{\mu}, 0)$ is the matrix of the potentials.

The levels can be found in the following way.
One diagonalizes first the strongly mixed heavy sub-system
$\nu_{\mu}$ and $\nu_s$. This gives the levels
$\nu_{2m}'$, $\nu_{4m}'$. Then using smallness of all other mixings
one gets the level crossings:
$\nu_e - \nu_{4m}'$,  $\nu_e - \nu_{2m}'$,
at large densities and $\nu_e -  \nu_{\tau}$ crossing at small
density. There is no level crossing in the anti neutrino channels.

In  case of the complete adiabaticity one predicts
the following transitions:
\begin{eqnarray}
\nu_e \rightarrow \nu_{4m}' \approx (\nu_{\mu} + \nu_s)/\sqrt{2},\\
\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_e \rightarrow \nu_{\tau},\\
\nu_{\tau}  \rightarrow \nu_e.
\end{eqnarray}
Thus at the {\it surface}  of the star one will have hard
(corresponding to the original $\nu_{\tau}$ spectrum)
electron neutrinos, $\nu_{\mu}'$s with soft spectrum
and the flux of sterile neutrinos which is
about 1/12 of the total  neutrino flux. No changes in the
antineutrino channels are expected.

The production of the heavy elements  due to $r$ - processes in the
supernovae imply that transitions
$\nu_{\tau} \rightarrow \nu_e$,  $\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_e$
are suppressed in the inner parts of the star
\cite{qian}. As follows from the
level crossing scheme  the appearance of $\nu_e$ can be
due to adiabatic transition  $\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_e$.
The  transition occurs above the region of the
$r$-processes if $\Delta m^2 \approx m_{\mu s}^2 < 2$ eV$^2$.
For larger mass square differences mixing angles of active neutrinos
should be strongly suppressed.

\subsection{Primordial Nucleosynthesis}

The oscillations $\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_s$ and
$\nu_{\tau} \rightarrow \nu_s$ lead to
formation of the equilibrium concentration of the
sterile neutrinos in the Early Universe.
Therefore by the time of the
primordial nucleosynthesis there were $N_{\nu} = 4$
neutrino species. This is inconsistent with the bound
$N_\nu\leq 2.6$ based on low values of deuterium abundance \cite{low}
but is allowed by recent conservative estimates $N_{\nu} <4.5$ \cite{high}.
The appearance  of  sterile neutrinos can be suppressed
if there is sufficiently large leptonic asymmetry in
the  Early Universe at the epoch with $T < 10 - 20 $ MeV .
However, this asymmetry cannot be produced
in   $\nu_{\tau} \rightarrow \nu_s$,  ${\bar\nu}_{\tau} \rightarrow
{\bar\nu}_s$ oscillations by mechanism suggested in \cite{FV}
because of the negative sign of the mass squared difference
$m_3^2 - m_2^2$ in the scenario under consideration.

\section{Origin of scales}

Both the origin and lightness of sterile state can be understood
in supersymmetric schemes \cite{qgf1,qgf2}. The sterile neutrino  may be
identified  with fermionic component of the Goldstone multiplet arising
due to  spontaneously broken global symmetry \cite{qgf1} such
as Peccei Quinn (PQ) symmetry or with some hidden sector field
\cite{qgf2} in string based models. Violation of the $R$
symmetry  in these theories  could lead to coupling of
the sterile  state to ordinary neutrino.
The general discussion of the mass and couplings of such sterile state was
given in \cite{qgf1,qgf2}. Here we discuss a specific example which can
reproduce the mass and mixing pattern discussed above.

The example is based on the supersymmetric standard model with additional
$U(1)_Q$ symmetry. We need to add singlet fields $\sigma,\sigma'$ and $y$ in order
to implement the breaking of the additional symmetry.
The  $U(1)_Q$ charge is defined as
$$ Q=B-L-X\;.$$
where $B$ and $L$ are the baryon and the lepton charges correspondingly.
Keeping ultimate unification in mind, the $X$ charge is assumed
to commute with $SO(10)$. The X charge can be normalized such that
the common charge of the standard fermions is one unit.
The $X$-charges of the Higgs fields $(H_1,H_2,\sigma,\sigma',y)$ are then
chosen as $(-2,-2,2,-2,0)$. Note that the $U(1)_{Q}$ symmetry may be
identified
with the PQ symmetry. In addition to the standard Yukawa interactions, the
following terms are allowed in the superpotential by the $U(1)_Q$.
\begin{equation}
\label{sb}
W=\lambda y (\sigma\s'-f^2)+M_iN_iN_i +\epsilon_iL_iH_2+\delta H_1H_2{\sigma^2\over
M_P}\;.
\end{equation}
where $f$ and $\epsilon_i$ are the mass parameters, $M_P$ is the
Planck mass,   and $\delta = O(1)$.
The first term leads to the VEV
$\langle \sigma \rangle = \langle \sigma' \rangle = f$   and thus  the
$U(1)_Q$ breaking which generates the Goldstone multiplet
$S={(\sigma-\sigma')/ \sqrt{2}}$. The mass terms for the right
handed neutrinos simultaneously break $B-L$ and $X$ but preserve
$U(1)_Q$. It is natural to identify the masses $M_i$ with the GU scale in
the present context. The parameters $\epsilon_i$ allowed by the $U(1)_Q$
automatically break  the $R$-parity.
The last term generates the $\mu$ parameter of the
required magnitude:  $\mu = \delta f^2/ M_P$
and also leads to coupling of $S$ to neutrinos because
of the presence of  $\epsilon_i$. We need to assume
$\epsilon_{1,3}\ll \epsilon_2$ in order to ensure that $S$ predominantly couple to
$\nu_\mu$.

It is easily seen  that the last two terms generate
mixing of $\nu$, $S$ and Higgsinos. The block diagonalization of the
mixing matrix  gives \cite{qgf1}
\begin{equation}
\label{mus}
m_{\mu s}={c\epsilon_\mu v_2\over f}\; ,
\end{equation}
when  heavy Higgsino states are decoupled. Here $c\sim O(1)$.

The  $\epsilon_2$-term  also generates mixing between $\nu_\mu$
and gaugino. This mixing in turn gives the contribution to
the mass of the muon neutrino \cite{gauge},
$m_{\mu\m}$:
\begin{equation}
\label{mumu}
m_{\mu\m} =
\left( {\epsilon_2\over \mu}\right )^2 m_0
\end{equation}
The above  contribution dominates over the standard see-saw contribution
to $m_{\mu\m}$
if the right handed neutrinos have masses at the GUT scale.
The mass $m_0$ is completely determined by the parameters of
the supersymmetric standard
model if one starts with the universal scalar masses at the GUT
scale. $m_0$ is mainly determined in this case by the $b$ Yukawa
coupling $h_b$ and is typically given by
$$
m_0\sim {M_W^2\over m_{SUSY}}\left({3 h_b^2\over 16 \pi^2}
ln {M_{GUT}^2\over M_Z^2}\right)^2\; .
$$
Detailed analysis shows \cite{gauge} that
$
m_0\sim \,{\rm keV}- \,{\rm MeV}
$,
when MSSM parameters are varied over its allowed range.

The breaking of supersymmetry results in generation of the direct mass
term
$m_{ss}$ for $S$. The scale of $m_{ss}$ need not coincide with the susy
breaking scale but could be much smaller, e. g.  ${m_{SUSY}^2/M_P}$
\cite{qgf2} or ${m_{SUSY}^2/M_{GUT}}$ depending upon the details of
underlying theory. The $m_{ss}$ is found \cite{qgf1,qgf2} to be suppressed
if
({\em i}) all the MSSM fields and some or all
of the singlet fields have no scale
kinetic terms  or ({\em ii}) if supersymmetry  breaking is
mediated by the gauge interactions and the MSSM fields as well as
the singlets  $\sigma,\sigma',y$ and the right handed neutrinos do not
directly couple to the sector in which supersymmetry is broken.
({\em iii}) Singlet $S$ is identified with some of the modulie fields.
The $m_{ss}$ can arise radiatively in some cases \cite{qgf1} but its
magnitude can be
smaller than the neutrino-gaugino mixing contribution to $m_{\mu\m}$.
The latter contribution then sets the scale for the atmospheric neutrino
anomaly.

The mixing mass
$m_{\mu s}$ is in the eV range if
$
{\epsilon_2 / f}\sim 10^{-11}
$.
The $m_{\mu\m}$ can be $\sim 10^{-2} \,{\rm eV}$ provided
\begin{equation}
\label{r2}
({\epsilon_2 / \mu})^2\sim 10^{-5}-10^{-8} .
\end{equation}
It follows then that
\begin{equation}
\label{values}
\epsilon_2\sim (10^{-2} - 1  ) \,{\rm GeV} \;\;\; ; \; \; \; f\sim
 (10^9 -  10^{11}) \,{\rm GeV} .
\end{equation}
The value of  $f$ required here is included in the allowed range for
the PQ symmetry breaking scale.
The  hierarchy $\epsilon_{1,3}\ll \epsilon_2$ among the $R$ breaking
parameters can be explained by introducing  the additional
(approximate) horizontal symmetry prescribing non-zero charges
for the first and the third generation and zero charge for
second generation and singlets.

We have identified the singlet state with a supersymmetric partner of
a Goldstone boson in the above example. In a more general context, singlet
may remain light for other reasons. The desired
value of the mixing mass  can be obtained in such cases
from the following relation:
$$
m_{\nu s} =
\frac{<X>_F v}{\Lambda_{GU}^2} =
\frac{m_{3/2} M_P v}{\Lambda_{GU}^2},
$$
where $<X>_F$ is the VEV of the field which breaks SUSY.
This possibility can be realized if e.g. the term
\begin{equation}
\frac{LSX^*H_d^*}{\Lambda_{GU}^2}
\label{term}
\end{equation}
exists in the Kahler potential (it might be if
unification with gravity occurs at the Grand Unification scale).
The effective interaction   (\ref{term}) can be generated
due to exchange of the heavy superfield doublet $\Phi_u$
which has the  couplings  in the
superpotential:  $L S\Phi_u$ and  $X H_d  \Phi_u$.

\section{Discussion and Conclusions}

The phenomenology of our  scenario strongly differs from the
phenomenology of the 4-neutrino schemes
suggested in
 \cite{others,qgf1,qgf2}. There  solar neutrinos are converted into
sterile neutrinos,
whereas the atmospheric neutrinos undergo
$\nu_{\mu} - \nu_{\tau}$- oscillations.
In contrast, in the present scheme  the
solar neutrinos are converted to active $\nu_{\tau}$ and
atmospheric neutrino deficit is due to
$\nu_{\mu} - \nu_s$ oscillations.

The atmospheric neutrino problem gets resolved in terms of the
$\nu_\mu\rightarrow \nu_s$ oscillations also in the scenario
proposed in \cite{LS}. However
solar neutrinos
are converted to the state which has
a comparable admixture of the active and sterile components.
These possibilities can be distinguished by studying  the neutral current
interactions in the solar neutrinos (SK, SNO experiments)
as well as NC induced events ($\pi^0$) and zenith angle
distributions in the atmospheric neutrinos.
In fact in the model \cite{LS} there is no explanation of the
LSND result for the generic values of parameters.

The hierarchy studied here was also proposed in \cite{hier} purely
phenomenologically. We have analysed this hierarchy in the context of
specific see-saw models with Grand Unification. The difference between
purely see-saw predictions and the present hierarchy can
arise from the physics at the intermediate scale such as the PQ breaking.
Also it is possible that all light scales are associated with
GU scale and the scale of SUSY breaking.

The same pattern of mixings and masses as proposed here was shown to arise
in a model \cite{jose} with purely radiatively generated neutrino masses.
The DM neutrino mass appears in one loop
whereas the solar neutrino scale is generated in two loops.
For certain choice of parameters the splitting between the two heavy
states can solve the atmospheric neutrino problem.
It is not always easy to include grand unification into such models which
postulate an existence of new charged scalar
bosons $k^{++}$,  $\eta^{+}$ and $h^{+}$ at the electroweak scale.
This model can be distinguished by detection of the effects of these new
bosons.

A see-saw type of scheme with the mass hierarchy similar to ours
and based on the singular see-saw mechanism has been considered in
\cite{chun2} also. The right handed neutrinos are required to be very
light
($\sim \,{\rm keV}$) in \cite{chun2} unlike the standard GU scenario pursued
here. The eV mass scale for the neutrinos also does not come out
naturally.

In conclusion, the presence of a non-zero neutrino mass
as hinted by the solar neutrino
observations may ultimately be pointing to the underlying grand unified
structure. We proposed a minimal extension of this basic structure
which also accommodates explanations for (i) the atmospheric neutrino
anomalies (ii) LSND results and (iii) provides hot dark matter in the
universe. The scenario suggested here can be tested in future solar
neutrino experiments as well as in atmospheric neutrino observations at
Superkamioka with increased statistics. The basic scenario proposed here
could arise from an underlying supersymmetric theory. Thus verification
of the scenario may indirectly probe supersymmetry as well as grand
unification.\\

{\bf Acknowledgments}

We are grateful  to G. Dvali and S. Rindani for useful discussions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


This just in! Want to know who has the baddest EcoBoost Mustang or Ford on the planet? So do NMRA and Keystone Automotive and that's why they've teamed up with Livernois Motorsports and SVTPerformance.com to bring you the first ever EcoBoost Battle in Bowling Green, a class exclusively designed for Ford's EcoBoost-powered vehicles. With Ford EcoBoost engines showing their prowess in professional endurance racing, and the performance aftermarket expanding their product offerings, it's time for Ford's most popular engine platform to make its mark in grassroots drag racing.
What better venue to host the EcoBoost Battle than the largest Ford event of the year; the 17th Annual Nitto Tire NMRA All-Ford World Finals at Beech Bend Raceway in Bowling Green, Kentucky, the weekend of October 1-4, 2015. Livernois Motorsports and NMRA celebrate Ford's turbocharged small engine program with a heads-up challenge to determine the quickest and fastest EcoBoost-powered vehicle in the land.
EcoBoost Battle is open to all EcoBoost powered vehicles, including Fiesta ST, Focus ST, Taurus, Explorer, F-150, Mustang, and all other EcoBoost powered Ford vehicles. Many aftermarket modifications are permitted and vehicles must meet all NHRA safety regulations. The class will race heads-up on a 0.400 tree (sportsman ladder).
Livernois Motorsports will award special bonus prizes to the fastest vehicles in each category: Mustang, F-series truck/SUV, Focus, and Taurus. EcoBoost Battle competitors can race two classes for the price of one because they will receive a free entry into Saturday's HP Tuners True Street class (must fit True Street rules) for even more chances to win. This is a $100 bonus value as EcoBoost Battle racers join over 120 of their friends for the largest True Street event of the year, presented by Muscle Mustangs & Fast Fords!
For EcoBoost Battle rules questions please contact Gene Bergstrom at 714.460.3813 or e-mail him at gbergstrom@promediapub.com. For more information on Livernois Motorsports log on to www.LivernoisMotorsports.com. For more information on the NMRA All-Ford World Finals, October 1-4, 2015, log on to www.NMRAdigital.com/KY or call 714.444.2426.


The Golf GTI is celebrating its 25th birthday with a limited-edition model of the GTI. Bearing the designation GTI 337, this is a Golf like none before. It has a 1.8-litre turbocharged engine, 18-inch BBS alloy wheels, Recaro sports seats and a great many more technical details which make this model yet another highlight in the history of the GTI.
With its new appearance, the special model Golf GTI is a real eye-opener. The modified bumpers at the front and rear, the large alloy wheels with 225/40 R18 tyres, the widened sills, the rear spoiler and rear apron all combine to give a sporty overall impression.
The absolute highlight is the 1.8-litre, 4-cylinder engine with twin overhead camshafts, 5-valve technology, turbocharger and intercooler. The engine, installed in a Volkswagen for the first time, not only impresses with its power, but also with its outstanding torque of 235 Nm between 1950 and 5000 rpm. In conjunction with the 6-speed manual gearbox (fitted as standard), this engine allows the kind of performance we have come to expect from a GTI.
A glance at the interior reveals aluminium-coloured sill panel trims, complete with GTI logo, and ergonomically shaped Recaro sports seats. These also bear the brilliant red GTI logo, as does the backrest of the split rear seat. The instrument cluster consists of round dials with a modern, aluminium look – a large speedometer and rev counter and smaller coolant temperature and fuel gauges. The centre console and interior door handles are finished with decorative trims made of brushed aluminium. With their perforated leather and red stitching, the steering wheel, the handbrake and the gear lever gaiter all hark back to the original GTI of 1976, as does the gear lever knob in the design of a golf ball.
This Golf GTI is only available in a two-door version with tornado red, reflex silver metallic or black magic pearl effect paintwork. It will go on sale in Canada and the US with a limited production run of 1500 units.


text:
package com.healtcare;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DbConnection {

	static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/healthcare";
	static final String USER_NAME = "root";
	static final String PASSWORD = "jumanji@2";

	public Connection setConnection(Connection conn)

	{
		try {

			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER_NAME, PASSWORD);

		} catch (SQLException e) {
			System.err.println("SQl Exception");
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("\nAnother Error");
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ella Washington (born October 25, 1943)  is an American former R&B and gospel singer, described as "an outstanding Southern soul vocalist" and best known for her 1969 hit "He Called Me Baby". She later became a church pastor.

Biography
Washington was born in Miami, Florida, and first recorded in 1965 for the local Octavia label.   Her single "The Grass Always Seems Greener" was leased to Atlantic Records for release, but did not achieve commercial success.

In 1967, she began recording for the Sound Stage 7 label in Nashville, Tennessee.  Several of her records were produced by radio disc jockey John Richbourg, and were recorded in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Her third single for Sound Stage 7, "He Called Me Baby", was a reworking of a 1962 song by Harlan Howard (originally "She Called Me Baby"), which had previously been recorded by many country singers including Bobby Bare and Patsy Cline. Washington's version reached # 77 on the Billboard Hot 100, and # 38 on the Billboard R&B chart, but was her only hit record.  However, she released an LP, Ella Washington, in 1969, and a succession of singles on the Sound Stage 7 label through to 1972, including "Stop Giving Your Man Away" and "Trying To Make You Love Me".

In 1973, she turned from secular to gospel music.  She sang "Amazing Grace" and "Because He Lives" at John Richbourg's funeral in 1986.  By 2009, as Ella Washington Cobbs, she was pastor at Theos Ministries church in Opa-locka, Miami-Dade County, Florida.

The first compilation album of her recordings, Nobody But Me, was released by Charly Records in 1987.  A CD of her recordings for Sound Stage 7, He Called Me Baby, was issued on the Soulscape label in 2009.

References

1943 births
American soul singers
20th-century African-American women singers
Living people
People from Opa-locka, Florida
Musicians from Miami
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ed Moses (American, b.1926) is an abstract painter, central figure in the Los Angeles art scene, and a key promoter of Post-War, West Coast art. Moses briefly enlisted in the US Navy, and, after being rejected from medical school, enrolled in art classes at Long Beach City College. Over the next several years, Moses attended UCLA, the University of Oregon, and UCLA again, where he befriended fellow artist Craig Kauffman, who introduced him to future owner of Ferus Gallery, Walter Hopps, where he had his graduate show.
Today, his works can be found in the collections of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Menil Foundation, The Museum of Modern Art, the Corcoran Gallery of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and the Whitney Museum of American Art, among others.


With an eight-way adjustable hosel, the CLK hybrid can be precisely set to fill the distance gap between your longest iron and shortest fairway wood. Whether you are a better player with higher swing speeds or someone looking to replace the majority of your long irons - all can benefit from the increased ball speeds, playability and ease of launch from all conditions and lies.
STOCK SHAFT: Fujikura Speeder Evolution.


text:
void command_shutdown(struct client bedrock_attribute_unused *client, int bedrock_attribute_unused argc, const char bedrock_attribute_unused **argv)
{
	bedrock_node *node;
	const char *reason = "Server is shutting down";

	LIST_FOREACH(&client_list, node)
	{
		struct client *c = node->data;

		packet_send_disconnect(c, reason);
	}

	bedrock_running = false;
}


Drops is a young and dynamic company, which offers an approach different from other umbrella manufacturers on the market.
The main ingredients of Drops approach are service and full customer satisfaction, up to date product with an excellent price-quality balance, on time delivery and impeccable assistance before and after the purchase.
Our headquarters, located near to Tangenziale Ovest di Milano and metro Green Line, Abbiategrasso stop, are easy to reach. Here, in a cosy facility in Pieve Emanuele we create and develop the collections for the most important world brands, implement stylistic input of licensors, as well as carry out and coordinate commercial activity in Italy and abroad.
The major production hub is located in Far East in a cutting edge facility, coordinated daily by Italian staff. Here the most sophisticated technical and stylistic solutions are being brought to life using innovative technologies which help reach a delicate Creativity vs Commercial balance, key to a successful product.


The addition of Wishpond on the Ready to Rocket list is a testament to How the nature of digital marketing is changing, and Wishpond is positioned to capitalize on the growing demand for improved lead generation and marketing automation instruments ~ Ali Tajeskandar, CEO of Wishpond.
Wishpond is an Impressive tool which caters almost all your advertising needs. The highlight of this tool is lead creation and the next analytical process. Wishpond helps in building interactive landing pages and layout contests, track prospects, send emails, and do so much more.
Wishpond Allows you to know"where exactly" and"how" to measure forward. To put it differently, it is"completely automated" and"free forever" advertising tool that catalyses the simplest procedure for generating and nurturing leads.
A/B testing feature is available in popups as well. You can test and determine which one is Giving you desired outcomes before finalising one. Additional important features include Social Share Buttons. It's possible to add societal sharing buttons to your popups (for Facebook, Twitter, and G+).
Stats provides a global Summary of action taking Place within all of your Wishpond campaigns via different links. The analytics provides metric info to take note of the number of leads opening emails, converting on campaigns and page views.
Leads provide you with a detailed view of Various leads sorted by most recent activity. With every click on a direct result, you can receive all the specifics of the guide, including their activities, profile information and which lists they are part of.
Visitors include those who viewed the webpage but did Not convert on your form. With the use of this system of collecting customer information, you can monitor even before they have converted. When they finally fill out among your forms, all the monitoring data related to their accounts merges into their new lead profiles.
Wishpond has Beautiful templates to get your job easy. Together with the pre-built templates, you can just drag and drop elements to make your landing page. Elements like text boxes, picture, video, social networking programs, forms, etc.. Editing is seamless on Wishpond. The WYSIWYG editor lets you customize colors, font, and all other elements of the landing page. One slight issue which I faced when using the editor isI needed to click many times to select a text. You have to double click it to select and edit, but I guess that I double-clicked it to get two or three times. However, what I got in the end is a thoroughly professional landing page. I guess with the outcome; I could can click few times extra! Each of the templates are cellular responsive. With over 100 templates, you can produce a high-definition landing page for virtually any industry.
You can run A/B Tests for multiple variations of your landing page. Wishpond conducts the exam for you and gives you detailed reports. Based on the accurate findings, you can zero on the very best edition of your landing page. You will require no coding knowledge to make such interactive and all-device-compatible landing pages.
If you run your Blog or website on WordPress, you may use the WP plugin to construct your landing page right within WP dashboard. Similarly, you can easily publish your landing page on your domain and sub-domains.
You can add Auto-submit hyperlinks to your own emails. This lets your prospects to register immediately for a workshop or webinar or enjoys of these by simply clicking on the link. They do not have to provide any other additional details.
You can conduct Exciting competitions and promotions on Wishpond. It's possible to collect email addresses . Later, these email addresses may be used for email campaigns. Wishpond lets you promote social sharing. It gives an choice to use Facebook Like Buttons as vote methods. This eases likes and share. Another option is to incorporate share buttons for Facebook, Twitter, and Google+. It is also possible to promote benefits for referrals. In these reward competitions, the entrants get rewarded when they refer their friends to get into your contest. I have already discussed the customizable types above. You can take advantage of this feature here as well.
Wishpond incorporates Using a help desk app UserVoice, and additionally with SurveyMonkey for effective surveys. Integrations using Webinar programs like ClickWebinar and GoToWebinar can allow you to run smooth webinars to your prospects once they register on one of your own campaigns.
Marketing automation is A boon for entrepreneurs, this I mentioned in this informative article — 7 Drip Mail Campaign Software. Wishpond has it covered. Whether you are seeking drip email campaigns or wish to send personalized emails, Wishpond has all the features ready for you.
Not only this, you Can add scores to your own leads and section them based on their activities. Add to this; you get real-time analytics to assist you measure the performance of your automatic workflow. It is possible to use combine tags to customize your emails depending on the info you have on your database. Wishpond integrates with various email marketing tools such as MailChimp and AWeber to make the jobs easier for you.
You Can choose from three different plans Wishpond provides — Basic, Pro and Growth. Aside from the typical attributes, the Basic plan has a limitation on the leads up to 1000, Email marketing a month up to 10,000 with one user that has a price tag of $45 for monthly.
Free Trial and reduction in 30xofAds that's a comprehensive screen and PPV advertising research tool which assesses competitor's advertising strategy.
Wishpond Also provides affiliate benefits to site owners, bloggers or internet marketing experts. It provides a recurring 30% commission with no payment for your service. You get consistent online payouts which will be easily monitored through GetAmbassador. When you sign up an affiliate, you will be provided with a unique tracking link. When Wishpond receives any visitor via your affiliate link, it will directly link it with your affiliate account; and when the visitor buys a subscription, either about precisely the exact same visit or afterwards, you will be paid a 30 percent commission. The commission is revived if the subscription is renewed on a monthly or annual basis.
As An affiliate in Wishpond, you receive a more than marginal accessibility to ingenious marketing tools such as GetAmbassador and Tracking Dashboard that allows you to track all of your activities including clicks, commission, and revenue. Banner ads can be easily posted on blogs or sites. Case Studies and Testimonials are used in websites, sites, and landing pages. You get access to affiliate a landing page in which you are able to go via the templates, participate effectively in Wishpond's official Academy and article Banner ads which can be embedded. You can Find the HTML code for Banner Ads right on the Wishpond's Affiliate page. However, for Marketing Automation Banner ads, you'll have to await a while!
Wishpond is praised And applauded by various startups and agencies across the world. 1 such company is TrueCaller. A common title, Truecaller lets you identify who's calling you and from where. The achievement of TrueCaller is unmatched, and Wishpond has become a component of this success story.
Strutta doesn't Provide any free service, and their plans are rather pricey. The bundle of $249 $399 and $999 called Turnkey, Designer and Professional respectively. The amount of sharing apps is limited to Facebook, Instagram, microsite, website, iframe, and several other stations.
Struta Doesn't have the site popups feature. The variety of templates can also be less. No advertising automation or direct data analyzer, unlike Wishpond. Strutta lacks program integration which is disappointing. There's a lack of lead data analysis which may be used for turning leads into loyal customers. I believe with Strutta, I had to invest more time. On the contrary, Wishpond did save a lot of time.
Rafflecopter and Wishpond have many similar attributes. However, I think Wishpond beats Rafflecopter with its integrations. Though Rafflecopter provides Pinterest entry alternative and Facebook entry alternative, I'd vouch for the numerous advertising programs from Wishpond. Wishpond offers marketing automation, which is also missing in Rafflecopter.
Rafflecopter, on The flip side, has a FREE program which may entice users. But I am sure those who are unwilling to compromise with their advertising requirements, will go ahead and'purchase' a plan which suits their needs.
Aritic PinPoint is a complete Stack marketing automation tool with advanced automation features. Designed for SMBs mainly, Aritic PinPoint shares All of the features within Wishpond. However, Aritic PinPoint displays a much richer attribute record. For instance, Wishpond offers global stats for all the campaigns while Aritic PinPoint shows you region-wise or even country-wise reports. The marketing automation suite from Wishpond is also quite basic. With Aritic PinPoint, marketing automation forms the center. You receive deep e mail segmentation based on direct behavior, events, period in which the lead/customer is presently in with regards to the buyers' travel, and demographics like age, gender, linking date, etc.. Email campaigns are complex due to this in-depth segmentation.
Also, Aritic PinPoint operates on a multichannel approach towards marketing. You can join and nurture your leads via mails, SMS campaigns, push notifications, landing pages, mobile notifications, and societal networking integrations. Wishpond has just SMS, landing pages, and emails. This brings us to the pricing department. Considering that Aritic PinPoint is much more sophisticated than Wishpond and has a lot of attributes, it is costlier. For an organization, Aritic PinPoint provides account-based advertising which is sprinkled in Wishpond.
Update: Wishpond has updated their website with GDPR related Info And today has all of the detail available here to assist their European clients and European Subscribers.
I Was naturally lured towards Shortstack by simply taking a look at the cost! Their services begin from zero and move on to $29 for the basic plan. The Enterprise program at $499 gives you access to all the attributes. Shortstack provides just over 30 pre-design themes unlike the countless choices from Wishpond. Another severe lapse is the lack of real time testing for customized layouts. Another point of difference is, with Shortstack the amount of users or team members can also be strictly restricted to one. In circumstances where multiple users are wanted, a cost of about $29 per month is achievable; unlike Wishpond that can provide a number of users with limited access to info.


We have produced this liquid with Pure blue mussel extract. The flavour profile off this liquid is amazing and smells like fresh crushed mussels. Great for using with our Blue Mussel range of baits, even better when applied to soak into the baits prior to use.
Pva friendly and can me used all year round. Just don't over do it in winter time.


text:
Queen Latifah with Toledo Symphony Orchestra
Category: Concerts & Live Music
Toledo Museum of Art Peristyle Theatre
2445 Monroe Street
Film and music legend Queen Latifah comes to Toledo for this special event you don't want to miss! With a Grammy award and six nominations for albums in jazz, pop, and rap, an Oscar nomination for her role in Chicago, and dozens of other film and television roles, this Renaissance woman defies genres with her compelling voice and presence.
Initial tickets available to Subscribers only. Subscribe for a Toledo Symphony Orchestra ticket package to reserve your seats -www.toledosymphony.com/listenup

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home page - Legal framework
In Mongolia, after years of repression and human rights violations, artisanal miners have made significant progress towards their integration into the formal economy and the realization of their rights.
Upon its emergence, well over a decade ago, ASM was largely viewed as a temporary annoyance that prompted widespread public opposition, frequent exploitation and human rights abuses of illegal miners, including acts of unlawful confinement, physical and sexual assault and denial of basic social services.
The ASM legal framework was established through amendments to the Law on Minerals and the Law on Land in July 2010, and a regulation on the extraction of minerals from small-scale mines approved in December 2010. The State Minerals Policy 2014-2025 was approved through Resolution No. 18 of the Parliament of Mongolia in January 2014. According to the policy document, the Government of Mongolia supports artisanal and small-scale miners through related policy and legal frameworks providing legitimate partnership structures.
Арга хэмжээ15
The SAM project has handed over General Agency of...
With the aim to provide technical support to the General Agency of Specialized Inspection (GASI) in their operations towards identifying the location...
Promoting eco gold production is an act of social...
ASM present and future under discussion in Bayan-U...
Current and future ASM trends were in the spotlight at a consultative meeting in Bayan-Ulgii aimag that gathered together national and local-level gov...
Capacity building training for officials in Khenti...
In order to increase social insurance payments among artisanal miners, the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection conducted capacity building traini...
Global trends in Artisanal and Small-scale mining (ASM): A review of key numbers and issues
2017 он уул уурхайн салбарт
Нинжа ба Бичил уурхай эрхлэгчдийн ялгаа, эрх зүйн зохицуула...
Progress Made in ASM Formalization in Mongolia Until 2015


$35 for 5 classes ($7/class); full payment is due by the first class. $10 drop-in rate. A portion of the proceeds benefits the Library.
Refer a Friend Special: When you refer a friend to Gentle Yoga at WJN, and he or she buys a group of classes, you will earn 1 free class for each referral!
Registration required. To register, send an email to Kimberly Brock (kimbrock33 AT yahoo DOT com) to register by Friday, 3/29. By registering, students are committing to attend the session of classes and paying (by cash or check) in full at the first class on 4/2. New members welcome!


Citizens for Modern Transit (CMT) is a non-profit organization with a mission to promote the St. Louis region public transportation system with light rail expansion as the critical component that will drive economic growth.
As such, CMT wanted to help St. Louis area real estate developers better understand the potential of land parcels near the MetroLink rail system.
To accomplish their goal, they asked Leinicke Group to create 7 Light Rail Spec Sheets, with each sheet outlining detailed research, statistics, and facts about land adjacent to every MetroLink station.
Graphics included infographic elements that attract attention to the most important data needed by developers.
To complement the spec sheets, a 40-page printed brochure, Opportunities for Development Around Light Rail, was also created by Leinicke Group.


text:
Adorable Baby Enthralled by Alaska Airlines Safety Demonstration on Her First Flight
A baby was noticeably enthralled by the safety demonstration on her first flight before the takeoff of an Alaska Airlines journey between Seattle and Minneapolis on November 22.
This video taken by mother Elizabeth Kennedy shows attentive Chloe keenly watching the pre-flight briefing being delivered by a flight attendant.
"We were a little nervous and weren't sure how she would handle the whole experience, but she was at least certainly fascinated by her front row view of the safety briefing," Elizabeth Kennedy told Storyful. "She curled up in her dad's arms and took a nap shortly after takeoff, and later made it through the whole flight without crying!" Credit: Elizabeth Kennedy via Storyful
Quebec returns to in-person classes Monday, but parents denounce lack of safe measure
MONTREAL — Thousands of elementary and high school students are set to return to in-person learning across Quebec on Monday, but parents say they're concerned the province hasn't done enough to ensure classrooms safety amid COVID-19's virulent fifth wave. Premier François Legault announced last week he would proceed with a plan to reopen schools to in-person learning on Jan. 17 even as pandemic-related infection rates and hospitalizations continue to mount provincewide. The government promised a
7-year prison sentence for Island man who abused teenage girl
An Island man who sexually abused a teenage girl has been sentenced to seven years in federal prison. Nicholas James Gallant, 38, of Charlottetown pleaded guilty to two charges: sexual exploitation of a person age 14 to 18, and sexual touching. The incidents took place in Charlottetown over a period of time beginning around June, 2019. The victim's identity is protected by court order. Chief Provincial Court Judge Jeff Lantz handed down the seven-year prison sentence Dec. 20. Gallant had been in
B.C. health officials provide update on COVID-19 restrictions that shut down gyms, bars
Health officials in B.C. are providing an update Tuesday on public health restrictions that closed down gyms and bars last month in an effort to stop the Omicron variant's spread across the province. Health Minister Adrian Dix and Provincial Health Officer Dr. Bonnie Henry are due to speak at 1:30 p.m. PT. CBC News will livestream the update. In December, officials announced more public health measures including the shutdown of bars and nightclubs, as well as gyms and dance studios. Organized in
Scattered outages across Nova Scotia one day after storm blows through Maritimes
HALIFAX — Thousands of Nova Scotia power customers remained off-grid Sunday in the aftermath of a powerful winter storm that blew through parts of the Maritimes 24 hours earlier. By late in the afternoon Nova Scotia Power was reporting that just over 3,000 customers were still without electricity. The outages were scattered across the province, however the majority were in Lunenburg County on the South Shore. Lia MacDonald, vice-president of transmission, distribution and delivery with the utili
Health Canada's approval of Pfizer's oral anti-viral treatment is expected to make a big difference in the future fight against COVID-19. But early warnings are coming that it's no replacement for vaccines and won't make a significant impact for months. Matthew Bingley reports.
Pharmacists see slower-than-expected demand for COVID vaccine for kids 5 to 11
With a hoped-for return to school less than two weeks away, the pace of vaccinations for children aged 5 to 11 is slowing down in New Brunswick. Only 51.3 per cent of children in that age group had received a first dose as of Monday afternoon, according to the province's COVID-19 dashboard. Pharmacists have seen a slower than expected demand for first shots. "There aren't that many bookings. There are only a few hundred a day and that's spread around 130 pharmacies," says Jake Reid, executive di
EU regulator finds mRNA COVID-19 shots safe during pregnancy
The review based on studies involving around 65,000 pregnancies at different stages did not find any sign of higher risk of complications, miscarriages, preterm births or severe side-effects on the unborn babies from mRNA shots, the European Medicines Agency said. Pfizer and German partner BioNTech, as well as Moderna, currently supply such vaccines to the European Union.


Diligently dredged through to reunite in oneness.
Accumulated karmic hindrance is to be removed.
Accumulation of karmic activities and chain of catching of entanglements block and blur one's clarity and sensibility of mind that is originally pure. Consequently, one lost the capacity to merge and communicate with the totality of the Dharmadhatu, just as a small lake by the sea that is separated from the sea through sand silt. Engaging in Dharma practices to remove karmic hindrances is similar to dredging such sand silt in order to rejoin the ocean. Once the sediments are cleared away it is natural to merge and reunite with the sea in oneness.


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Zöbigker ist eine moderne Wüstung im Landkreis Saalekreis in Sachsen-Anhalt. Sie wurde durch den Braunkohleabbau im Geiseltal zerstört.

Geographische Lage
Zöbigker lag im oberen Geiseltal nordöstlich von Mücheln. Nachbarorte waren Gehüfte im Westen, Zorbau im Norden, Möckerling im Osten und Mücheln im Südwesten. Die ehemalige Ortsflur liegt heute im Südwesten des Geiseltalsees.

Geschichte
Zöbigker (andere Schreibweise: Zörbigker) war wahrscheinlich wie das benachbarte Zorbau eine slawische Siedlung, jedoch ähnelte der Ort von der Anlage her eher einem germanischen Weiler. Als einzige der kleineren Ortschaften um Mücheln wird Zöbigker im Hersfelder Zehntverzeichnis genannt, mit dem Namen Zebechuri. Später als Czebiker bezeichnet, kam der Ort im späten Mittelalter in den Besitz der Edlen von Querfurt. Über diese fiel Zöbigker zurück an die Landgrafen von Thüringen und Herzöge zu Sachsen aus dem Haus Wettin. 1496 wird ein Erhard Hecker genannt, welcher zu Zcobeker eine Wiese innehatte.

1485 wurden die Brüder Bernhardt, Hansen, Balthasar und Melchior von Breitenbauch mit acht Höfen in Eptingen belehnt. Weiterhin erhielten sie je vier Höfe in Zcorbow (Zorbau) und Zcebicker (Zöbigker) zu Lehen. 1515 hatten die Brüder Bernhardt und Wolf von Breitenbauch das Lehen über die sogenannten Lämmermühle und eine andere Mühle in Zorbau. Das Filial von Zöbigker hatte noch 1540 der von Breitenbauch zu Stöbnitz als Kollator, anschließend wurde Zöbigker zu Zorbau geschlagen, mit der Bemerkung, dass es ehemals eine eigene Pfarre gewesen sei. Ein Simon Bruhn war damals der Pfarrer zu Zorbau, Eptingen, Gehüfte und Stöbnitz. 1554 wurden die Brüder Hans und Melchior und ihr Vetter Wolf von Breitenbauch mit dem Kirchlehen Zöbigker belehnt. 1589 besaßen die von Behrs den Siedelhof in Zöbigker. 1668 wurde in einem kleinen Wald in Ortsnähe erstmals der Abbau von Braunkohle im Geiseltal erwähnt.

Die romanische Dorfkirche Zöbigker wurde im 18. Jahrhundert umgebaut.

Zöbigker gehörte bis 1815 zum wettinischen, später kursächsischen Amt Freyburg. Durch die Beschlüsse des Wiener Kongresses kam der Ort zu Preußen und wurde 1816 dem Kreis Querfurt im Regierungsbezirk Merseburg der Provinz Sachsen zugeteilt, zu dem er bis 1944 gehörte.

Am 1. Oktober 1929 wurde Zöbigker in die Stadt Mücheln eingemeindet. Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs wurde die Dorfkirche im Jahr 1944 bei einem Luftangriff schwer beschädigt. Im Zuge des Braunkohleabbaus im Geiseltal wurde Zöbigker im Jahr 1968 umgesiedelt und 1975 abgebaggert (devastiert).

Weblinks
 Ortsgeschichte von Zöbigker
 Messtischblatt von 1941

Literatur

 Steffan Bruns: Ortschronik Möckerling, Zöbigker (Sachsen-Anhalt, Saalekreis, Geiseltal), mit dem Ortsfamilienbuch der Gemeinden. Vollständige Auswertung der Kirchenbücher für die Jahre 1647 - 1703. Plaidt: Cardamina 2014, ISBN 978-3-86424-192-5

Einzelnachweise

Wüstung in Mücheln (Geiseltal)
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Saalekreis)
Ersterwähnung im 9. Jahrhundert


Please note that there will be no meeting of the Adel Association this Thursday, 15th November.
We have no meeting in December so our next meeting will be Thursday 17th January 2013.
Could you please pass this message on to any of your friends or neighbours who may attend the meetings but do not have an email address.


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Received [3.5] out of 4 stars
Genre Action / Mystery / Romance
Website http://www.enterthesourcecode.com/
The most exciting film of 2011 begins with a great opening segment. A 30-year-old man with a military buzz cut (Jake Gyllenhaal from �Love and Other Drugs,� �The Day After Tomorrow� and �Brokeback Mountain�) wakes up on a commuter train bound for Chicago. He doesn�t know where, or indeed who, he is.
A pretty female passenger (Michelle Monaghan from �Eagle Eye, �Mission: Impossible III� and �Gone Baby Gone�) sits across from him. He freaks her out when he acts strangely. He sees a face he doesn�t recognize in the lavatory mirror. After eight minutes, there is an explosion.
He now finds himself strapped to a pilot�s seat in a tiny capsule talking to a woman dressed in a military uniform (Vera Farmiga from �Up in the Air� and �The Departed�) on a video screen. Her technobabble makes everything more confusing.
This amnesiac is Army Capt. Colter Stevens, a decorated helicopter pilot whose last assignment was in Afghanistan. He is part of a government experiment called the �Source Code� that uses �time reassignment� technology. It enables his consciousness to cross into another person�s body and revisit the last eight minutes of the host�s life.
Stevens is being directed by Goodwin (Farmiga) to find the bomb and the bomber responsible for blowing up the train. She tells him lives are at stake because this was just the first of a series of terrorist attacks. A second strike targeting millions is imminent in downtown Chicago.
The beautiful, kind and painfully honest fellow commuter is Christina Warren. She knows Stevens as Sean Fentress, an English teacher. Christina converses with him on a daily basis and has been secretly hoping he would ask her out for coffee sometime.
The other key figure in this action adventure is Dr. Rutledge (Jeffrey Wright from �Quantum of Solace,� �Syriana� and �Cadillac Records�), the sinister designer of the project, which is based on his scientific theories regarding short-term memory storage and the brain�s afterglow charge after death. He is anxious to get additional government funding once he can show advantageous tactical results from this model program.
The movie follows a �binary pattern,� switching between the capsule in supposedly real time and Stevens� repeated attempts to solve the train bombing within the time constraints of the eight-minute loops. There are about nine separate segments where Stevens is back on the train and slightly different variations occur that bring unexpected twists and turns.
This sci-fi fantasy adventure is a terrific follow-up for director Duncan Jones (�Moon�). He executes to perfection a genius script written by Ben Ripley. Ripley puts a fresh, original spin on the time-travel detective mystery. There is a lot more here than meets the eye. The movie parcels out information in small bits and pieces. The viewer initially concentrates on the bomb and the bomber, but over time attention shifts to why Stevens has been selected as a guinea pig.
Ardent moviegoers will recognize elements from �Groundhog Day,� �Avatar,� �D�j� Vu,� �The Matrix� and �Somewhere in Time.� The movie delves deeply into the complexity of the main characters. The possibility of time forks and parallel universes is handled in a thought-provoking way. The terrorist subplot is merely a device for the movie�s main message of cherishing life and making every second count.
Gyllenhaal has a screen charisma that gives him instant credibility. You get behind his character�s efforts and pull for him to succeed. Monaghan plays an innocent sweetheart that gets swept up in this nightmare. You can�t help falling in love with her genuine girl-next-door character. Farmiga and Wright seem to be in a bureaucratic tug of war, playing a variation on the good cop vs. bad cop.
Besides the sure-handed directing, masterful script and superb acting, the movie�s other strengths include stupendous visual effects, outstanding cinematography, the suspense-heightening musical score and eye-appealing scenery of the Chicago skyline and Millennium Park. The movie gets better as it goes along, never wearing out its welcome in a briskly paced running time of 93 minutes. The movie�s satisfying resolution will have you coming back for exhilarating second helpings. Why can�t all sci-fi fantasies be this much fun?
This brilliant entertainment gem ironically opens on April Fools� Day. It is no joke when I say that it goes right to the top of my list of the best movies of 2011.


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GCN Free Minds Radio (Nick Michelewicz & Toby Iselin)
GCN Free Minds Radio (Nick Michelewicz & Toby Iselin), GCN Free Minds Radio (Nick Michelewicz & Toby Iselin) Live, GCN Free Minds Radio (Nick Michelewicz & Toby Iselin) Listen Online, Talk Radio, USA
You understand? Let me look at your homework! The one Internet Radio gave to you. This girl! Didn't he give you one? Director. How can you be like this? What? How can you be such a bastard? What? You came? Yes. Hello. The two of you still have things to discuss? No. We finished talking. Internet Radio! Internet Radio said she'd buy us some drinks tonight. You have some spare time, right? Yes. Only the of us? Online Radio should come too. What about our old classmates? Contact the other classmates too, ok? I'll see you later. Ah. Oh my. Online Radio Let's have dinner! What do you want to eat? No. Instead of dinner, what about.. Why? Do you want to go somewhere? Let's do something interesting. Like Online Radio squash? Wah. You're not bad. Look at this. GCN Free Minds Radio (Nick Michelewicz & Toby Iselin) Mine. Mine, mine. Did you go together with someone? With Mr. Han. Really? What did you guys do? We just did a little bit of this and that. Was it fun? Yes. Online Radio I want to discuss something with you. What is it? What about going to a language school in America with me? In the summer, afterwards you can go to a university there. I think that'll be faster. But I don't want to. Why don't you want to? I only want to continue on my own Online Radio I'm only thinking of finishing the things that I'm doing now. Isn't it good that way? Learning to be a script writer? You can still do that after you graduate from university. I'm sorry, mom. Can't you just let me continue doing my work now? Online Radio I'll do it well! I'm doing really well lately too. Can't you stop doing that now? Stop right away! Starting from tomorrow! Otherwise, I'm not going to be quiet about it anymore. Mom. Why aren't you listening to me? Why? Why? Your sister was never like this. Online Radio. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. We'll talk again tomorrow. It's not that kind of movie. GCN Free Minds Radio (Nick Michelewicz & Toby Iselin) How can you say that something like that is interesting? Park Internet Radio, you! This is why I said you can't do it. If you have no taste, how can you write scripts? I think it's interesting. What do you think Internet Radio? I think it's not that good. You hear that? Internet Radio has good taste. Yes.


Number of protesters Israel killed in Gaza today rises to 9, with +1200 casualties.
Back in 2011, Thomas Friedman promised that an unarmed Palestinian mass march would "stimulate a real peace debate within Israel." Today, the #GreatMarchOfReturnhappened and Israeli snipers have shot 13 marchers so far.
In stark contrast to The New York Times, the Washington Post just published an article on the killings that is a model of what mainstream reporting should be. The second sentence says that the Israeli army used live ammunition, killing at least ten people. The Postdescribes the Israelis as attacking the demonstrators. The writers Loveday Morris and Hazem Balousha use the word "riots" and burning tires and rock-throwing in quotation marks, thus treating the Israeli military authorities as highly-interested informants. There's no talk about "clashes"; the article is clear about who caused the violence. They actually quote a young Gazan, something the Times failed to do.
Everyone (or almost everyone) takes an ideological position on this.
Some things are opinions (and as a foreigner I am not pro-gun and I think a lot of the justification for them is bogus) but others are just facts.
Let me just say that I accept the facts that are presented here (especially as they are backed up with evidence) while I can disagree with (and even abhore) the conclusions.
On March 24, 2018, one month and ten days after the February 14 shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, student-led pro-gun control "March For Our Lives" demonstrations took place across America, including in Washington, D.C. The rally organizers claimed this was a direct response to the alleged "mass-shooting" at a Florida High School.
Turns out, though, Permits for the "March for Our Lives" were applied-for "months in advance" --- long before the alleged shooting at the Florida High School.
Can you say FRAUD? Can you say FALSE FLAG? Wake-up, America; you're being lied to and played for fools!
The word "Our" in March For Our Lives refers to students.
March For Our Lives was a student-led demonstration in support of tighter gun control that took place on March 24, 2018, in Washington, D.C., with over 800 sibling events throughout the United States and around the world. Student organizers fromNever Again MSD planned the march in collaboration with the nonprofit organization Everytown for Gun Safety. The event followed the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, which was described by many media outlets as a possible tipping point for gun control legislation.
Never Again MSD (MSD refers to Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School) is a group started on social media as a movement "For survivors of the Stoneman Douglas Shooting, by survivors of the Stoneman Douglas Shooting" using the hashtag #NeverAgain.
Wake up, America. You're being lied to and played for fools. Want more proof? Below is video from inside the High School where the alleged "mass-shooting" took place, showing a PRACTICE "ACTIVE-SHOOTER" DRILL with students being given make-up and fake wounds --- the very same day the "mass shooting" allegedly took place!
VIDEO: FAKE BLOOD, FAKE WOUNDS for "Active-Shooter DRILL" at same High School in Florida, hours BEFORE "actual" shootings which "killed 17"
Many students and faculty who were at Majority Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, during the Valentine's Day shooting thought it was just a drill after they were told in advance that role-players would be conducting a fake 'code red' which is an active shooter scenario.
Exclusive footage in the video below shows an active shooter drill in which blanks and fake blood were used by students and crisis actors to simulate a code red.
The Hal Turner Radio Show asked citizens in and around New York City what they thought of the video below. Each and every person interviewed, was stunned.
Annette Mantineo of Manhattan said "It's fairly obvious what they are REALLY rehearsing is a FAKE school shooting to be used for gun control."
Joe Conti from New Jersey said "No one is telling the public this drill took place at the exact same school; they could have faked the whole thing!"
Watch the video below and then watch the second video beneath it where it is revealed there are Left-Wing TV Networks placing "undercover" adults-posing-as-students into High Schools with FAKE IDENTITIES to expose other things that are actually going on in High Schools.
Given they already had the make-up and fake wound materials at the school, how hard would it be to FAKE a "real" shooting for gun-control propaganda purposes?
But then folks ask, what about the ACTUAL dead kids? Well, in the ABC NEWS video below, we find that TV Networks are already placing ADULTS AS FAKE STUDENTS in schools with FAKE IDENTITIES to find out what's really going on inside schools, and to "address issues" like Bullying, sexuality and other things.
IF THEY HAVE ALREADY HAVE FAKE STUDENTS WITH FAKE IDENTITIES , FAKING THEIR DEATHS IS EASY!!
The facts proven by the videos above are making people wonder: Was the "mass-shooting" in Florida actually one giant propaganda push?
Then there's the "kids" from Parkland High School in Florida being on TV everywhere with their allegedly "grass roots effort" at Gun Control. Turns out, though, their "grass roots effort" is actually astroturf!
"Can you believe these kids?" It's been a recurring theme of the coverage of the Parkland school shooting: the remarkable effectiveness of the high school students who created a gun control organization in the wake of the massacre. In seemingly no time, the magical kids had organized events ranging from a national march to a mass school walkout, and they'd brought in a million dollars in donations from Oprah Winfrey and George Clooney.
The Miami Herald credited their success to the school's stellar debate program. The Wall Street Journal said it was because they were born online, and organizing was instinctive. It wasn't.
In other words, the response was professionalized - propagandized. That's not surprising, because this is what organization that gets results actually looks like. It's not a bunch of magical kids in somebody's living room. Nor is it surprising that the professionalization happened right off the bat. Broward County's teacher's union is militant, and Rep. Ted Lieu stated on Twitter that his family knows Parkland student activist David Hogg's family, so there were plenty of opportunities for grown-ups with resources and skills to connect the kids.
THIS CONSPIRACY THEORY IS INSANE. Our kids know David Hogg. My wife and I know his mom, who taught at our kids' elementary school before they moved to Florida. Although David is very articulate, he is not a crisis actor.
What's striking about all this isn't the organization. If you start reading books about organizing, it's clear how it all works. But no journalist covering the story wrote about this stuff for two weeks. Instead, every story was about the Parkland kids being magically effective.
On Twitter, I lost track of the number of bluechecks rhapsodizing over how effective the kids' organizational instincts were. But organizing isn't instinctive. It's skilled work; you have to learn how to do it, and it takes really a lot of people. You don't just get a few magical kids who're amazing and naturally good at it.
The real tip-off should have been the $500,000 donations from Oprah Winfrey and George Clooney. Big celebrities don't give huge money to strangers on a whim. Somebody who knows Winfrey and Clooney called them and asked. But the press's response was to be ever more impressed with the kids.
The closest anyone got was Elizabeth Harrington at the Washington Free Beacon, who noted that Clooney's publicist was booking the kids' media interviews pro bono, and said that a friend (not Clooney) had asked him to do it. The result of all this is that the average righty does not understand what's going on in activism, because all they see is what the press covers. The stuff that's visible. It's like expecting people in the Stone Age to grok the Roman army by looking at it.
Which brings us to Who Benefits from this "shooting?"
Notice how guns have stolen the attention from the absolute provable crimes of Clinton and Obama rigging and and trying to steal the election.
They're so many crimes that they both committed that literally you could just pick any crime.
Richard Nixon only dreamed of doing what Obama actually did: Weaponizing the IRS against political opponents. Weaponizing the intelligence against political opponents.
These criminals are on the run and using every tactic they can to keep their crimes out of the mainstream news which is controlled by the DNC.
So was the "mass-shooting" in Florida real . . . or just one big left-wing propaganda push against guns to divert attention from Clinton and Obama crimes?


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November,2019 Issue
1.DETERMINE THE ANTI-BACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF MIMOSA PUDICA PLANT AGAINST SELECTED MICRO-ORGANISMS BY PLATING
Anurajini Rathnamali
Plants have been the traditional sources of raw materials for medicine. The benefits of using the natural products has increased and the active plant extracts are frequently used for new drug discoveries and for the presence of antimicrobials. Mimosa pudica also called sensitive plant which folds itself when touched and spreads its leaves once again after a while. The plant extracts from various parts of Mimosa pudica may be used by those who practice Ayurveda. M.pudica is also used to avoid or cure several disorders like cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, obesity and urinary infections. This plant is famous for its anticancer alkaloid, mimosine with another valuable secondary metabolites like tannins, steroids, flavonoids, triterpenes and glycosylflavones.
The plant was identified using NCBI primer blast and to identify the antibacterial effects of aqueous extraction of root and flowers of Mimosa pudica plant, well diffusion method was done against E.coli JM 101 strain, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp.bacterial cultures. The result of this study confirmed that the in-vitro antibacterial activity indicatesno significant activity against this selected bacteria in aqueous extract and there were no zone of inhibition and showed that the extracted DNA could be used directly for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
This research presented information about Mimosa pudica plant and that claims there is a vast potential in this herb in view of therapeutics and furthermore, commercialization of this herb would be in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines is highly desirable for the benefits of humanity. The general data have provided the basis for its wide use as therapeutic both in traditional and folk medicine. In recently, there are emerging many multidrug resistant human pathogenic bacteria.
2.A REVIEW ON MIMOSA PUDICA PLANT
Mimosa pudica plant also called sensitive plant, is a creeping annual and perennial herb. This plant which folds itself when touched and spreads its leaves once again after a while. The plant extracts from various parts of Mimosa pudica exhibits significant antimicrobial activities against a wide range of food borne pathogens. Mimosa pudica also used to avoid or cure several disorders like cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, obesity and urinary infections. A wide array of pharmacological properties like antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, antidepressant and etc..have been attributed to different parts of M.pudica. The whole plant of Mimosa pudicais very useful for various pharmacological and biological activities.
3.EFFECTIVENESS OF "RAJ YOGA MEDITATION" FOR HOLISTIC HEALING IN ADDICTED PATIENTS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Ms. Anjali Singh, Dr. Suman Bala Sharma, Amandeep kaur, Anjna kumari, Anju, Babita rani, Diksha saini, Gagandeep kaur
Addiction is chronic, relapsing problem which is characterized by compulsive intake of drug in such amount that affects the overall wellbeing of patients despite of its harmful consequences. The problem of addiction is widespread in India. The situation is critical in Punjab -nearly 75% of its youth are severely addicted to drugs i.e. 3 out of every children. Drug consumption in Punjab is three times the national average. A Govt. survey (2015) reported Drug epidemic in Punjab, though is one of the most developed states of the country.
A comprehensive review showed that Rajyoga meditator deepens the understanding, compassion and empathy in the self towards the life with Spiritual perception and realization to deal with any kind of situation. Rajyoga meditation has a profound impact in overcoming unconscious anxieties, fears, mental stresses etc. achieving control over mind. It helps to get rid of dependence on tobacco, smoking, alcohol and drugs by recharging mental energies into blissful directions. In another study, Rajyoga meditation conducted in pre-operative patients helped in relieving the anxiety of open heart surgery.
Aim: The study aimed for holistic healing with Rajyoga Meditation of addicted patients admitted in de-addiction centres.
Methods: A quasi experimental study with non probability convenient sampling technique was used with sample size 60. Sample was patients in selected de-addiction centers of Punjab. Rajyoga meditation training was introduced for 07 days by lectures, models, Charts, audios (meditation music) & commentaries. Effectiveness was assessed by Standardized Singh &Gupta (2001) Well-being scale.
Results: In experimental group difference between pretest (148.47±15.589 and post test (178.20± 18.983) well-being status was statistically significant at 0.05 levels.
Conclusion: The study concluded a significant difference between pre interventional and post interventional well-being status in experimental group. Therefore, it was found that Rajyoga meditation was effective in improving overall wellbeing status in experimental subjects.
4.QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDY OF CHEMISORPTION OF NITRIC OXIDE ON ALUMINUM (111) SURFACE
G. Parthiban
The interaction of Nitric Oxide (NO) with Al (111) surfaces including clusters has been studied by means of semi-empirical AM1 method. Metal cluster models (up to 51 atoms) with different sizes and geometries have been used to describe the atop, bridge and three-fold sites. The binding energies of NO in different geometries are calculated and compared with the results from the experimental data available and the previous study. GAMESS and OpenMX quantum chemical programs were used to compute the binding energies of the system and the geometrical properties of the initial and optimized clusters obtained from MOLDEN and RasMol packages respectively. The NO tilted upright with respect to the surface normal axis when adsorbed on top, bridge and three-fold sites and nitrogen atom is pointing towards the surface. The cluster model approach is discussed in terms of its reliability to determine the adsorption energies and the favored site of adsorption. Based on the results, the more negative value of binding energy obtained for small clusters (Al19 and Al21) in all on top, bridge and three- fold site adsorptions. The most negative value of binding energy was obtained for binding in bridge form in some cases and three-fold sites adsorption in all the other clusters. Therefore it is concluded that the NO adsorbs preferentially on bridge and also three-fold sites in all the cluster models. Since the geometry optimization of on top converged to bridge, close to bridge and the three-fold site geometry after geometry optimization, it can be concluded that on top adsorptions are comparatively unstable.
5.GENETIC STRUCTURATION OF SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS ACCORDING TO 2 HOST PLANTS (MILLET AND MAIZE) IN SENEGAL (WEST AFRICA)
Ngagne Demba SARR, Cheikh THIAW, Mbacke Sembene
Cereals play a very important economic and social function. However, they are deteriorated by several insect pests including Sitophilus Zeamais, a beetle of the Curculionidae, subservient to 2 host plants, millet and Maize. The genetic studies carried out so far have focused on the genetic variability of Sitophilus Zeamais and its genetic structuring according to agroecological and agro-climatic zones.
This article aims to highlight a possible genetic structuring of Sitophilus Zeamais according to 2 host plants, millet and maize.
The importance of highlighting a genetic differentiation of the insect according to these 2 host plants is to be able to apprehend after the adaptability of the insect, from the effect of each host plant on the genetic diversity of the plant population of the insect.
To achieve this goal, insects were harvested from each agro-ecological zone specifically on maize and on millet.
The exploitation of 125 sequences of the Cytochrome B gene revealed the lack of genetic structuring of Sitophilus Zeamais according to the two host plants, millet and maize. So, these are the same insects that roam between them.
6.EARLY REPUBLİC PERİOD İN TURKEY; THE PROCESS OF PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN ARCHITECTURE AND THE FIRST TURKISH WOMEN ARCHITECT "LEMAN TOMSU"
Prof. Asist.Dr.İldem AYTAR SEVER
Throughout history, women have been seen as vulnerable creatures who need protection and direction from men. The male movement in the male-dominated culture is opposed by numerous restrictions. 17pm In the end, the first impression was that between women and men, the need for women to move beyond a long chamber of judges with a variety of judges, the necessity of capturing women in the architectural context, was also necessary.
After the snake of the Republic, in conjunction with the changing society and thinking system in Turkey. The location of the woman has shown a change in social, cultural, and economic dimensions. Location in the family, wife who lives when change; Do not keep today's ringleaders in an important position, while facilitating the development of the practitioner and the advancement of the community is being found. In workplaces, in the changing community, the training that women receive in the community discussing how to influence one's position, identity and character in time. The impact of the survey on the area and the recent impact on public health is explained. In my community, women in particular are influenced by their architecture. This concentrated work, women in the business world, in the advancement of society it aims to draw attention to the fact that it will provide an important influence.
7.TECHNOLOGICAL EFFECTS IN FİCTİONAL SPACES; COMPUTER GAMES AND CINEMA CASE
Prof. Asist. İsmail Emre KAVUT
With the development of the industry and the acceleration of the technological age, a rapid development is observed in the fictions of space in play and cinema samples. The sight of the unseen and the unseen make it possible to look at the concept of space from a wide horizon. In this context, it can be thought that the game and cinema industry is in a continuous change and development.
The predictions that industrial spaces and industrialization will increase in the vision of future tense can be seen as a sign that fictional spaces will increase in number and quality. The aim of this study is to examine the data obtained with the help of qualitative methods in the industrial platform.


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Home/News/World nuclear weapons stockpiles set to rise in coming years, report says | World
World nuclear weapons stockpiles set to rise in coming years, report says | World
Admin June 14, 2022 News Leave a comment 9 Views
The world's stockpiles of nuclear weapons are expected to increase in the coming years, reversing a decline observed since the end of the Cold War, warned this Monday (13/06) the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (Sipri).
According to the Swedish entity's latest annual report, all nine nuclear-armed countries are increasing or upgrading their arsenals.
"There are clear indications that the reductions that have characterized global nuclear arsenals since the end of the Cold War have come to an end," said Hans M. Kristensen, researcher at Sipri's Weapons of Mass Destruction Program and director of the Information Project. Nuclear of the Federation of American Scientists.
2 of 3 North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un with an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), according to state agency — Photo: KCNA via Reuters
North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un with an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), according to state agency – Photo: KCNA via Reuters
Update of arsenals
The US and Russia, which hold 90% of the world's atomic weapons, reduced their stockpiles in 2021 due to the dismantling of outdated warheads. Its usable military stockpiles remained relatively stable and within limits set by a nuclear weapons reduction treaty, according to Sipri.
According to Sipri, extensive and expensive programs are underway in both countries to replace and upgrade nuclear warheads, launch systems and production facilities.
The institute said the other nuclear countries – the UK, France, China, India, Pakistan, Israel and North Korea – are either developing or deploying new weapons systems, or have announced their intention to do so. Israel has never publicly acknowledged possessing such nuclear weapons.
"All nuclear-weapon states are increasing or upgrading their arsenals, and most are sharpening their nuclear rhetoric and the role that nuclear weapons play in their military strategies," said Wilfred Wan, director of the WMD's Weapons of Mass Destruction Program. Sipri "This is a very worrying trend," he pointed out.
3 of 3 Photo from May 2015 shows a deactivated nuclear warhead in Arizona, USA — Photo: Brendan Smialowski/AFP
Photo from May 2015 shows a deactivated nuclear warhead in Arizona, USA (Photo: Brendan Smialowski/AFP)
'Risk of nuclear confrontation increased'
According to peace researchers, the risk of a nuclear confrontation has increased as a result of the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine. The new Sipri data was collected until January 2022. A month later, Russia invaded Ukraine.
Sipri expert Hans M. Kristensen stresses that it is still too early to draw conclusions about how the war in Ukraine will affect the world's nuclear situation, but he sees an indirect effect even now. "The Russians realize that their conventional forces are not as good as they thought," he says, adding that Russia is likely to focus more on tactical nuclear weapons in the future.
Russian President Vladimir Putin has put the country's nuclear weapons on redoubled alert. In the midst of the war against Ukraine, he carried out a test, as a demonstration of power against NATO, with a new intercontinental ballistic missile of the Sarmat type. According to experts, the Sarmat is capable of carrying ten or more nuclear warheads.
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Our ultimate destination had three possible routes to get there. None of them involved the city of Columbus. But after driving east on I-70 through lots of construction, we noticed that 1-75 north had even more and all of a sudden we found ourselves in Dayton with a decision to make. It was a fairly easy call.
We headed over to Columbus (at least the outskirts – Dublin) and then we planned to head due north from there. It certainly added some additional mileage to the trip, but I'm not sure it added much time because it was pretty smooth sailing (and scenic) from there. Why were we so keen to get to Columbus?
Ah yes, that's why. I just couldn't get that close to Jeni's without actually going to one of her stores. Choosing two flavors was nearly impossible, and I'm usually the decisive one. I've made at least a third of the ice creams from her cookbook, so I opted to try ones that I haven't made – I went with Buckeye State and Brambleberry Crisp. They were both divine. The shop was just as cute as I imagined it would be, and there was a steady stream of people in and out, despite the fact that it was dinner time on a Monday. It was hard to leave without taking some with us, but that's the nature of ice cream and long road trips, I suppose.
And this time I got smart and got three scoops!
M joked about Jeni's franchising stores one day because he could see me running a place like this. I agree. I'm all over it. Just give me a call Jeni.
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Tanytarsus iriolemeus är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Sasa och Suzuki 2000. Tanytarsus iriolemeus ingår i släktet Tanytarsus och familjen fjädermyggor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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