text:
Engdahl: Obama's Geopolitical China 'Pivot': The Pentagon Targets China
March 15, 2017 August 30, 2012 by Richard Moore
Bcc: FYI
rkm website: http://cyberjournal.org
Since 1997 trade between China and Africa has risen more than twenty-fold and trade with Latin America, including Brazil, has risen fourteen fold in only ten years. This dynamic, if allowed to continue, will eclipse the economic size of the European Union as well as the declining North American industrial economies in less than a decade. That is a development that Washington circles and Wall Street are determined to prevent at all costs.
http://williambowles.info/2012/08/27/obamas-geopolitical-china-pivot-the-pentagon-targets-china-by-f-william-engdahl/
Obama's Geopolitical China 'Pivot': The Pentagon Targets China By F. William Engdahl
24 August, 2012 – Global Research
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the nominal end of the Cold War some twenty years back, rather than reducing the size of its mammoth defense spending, the US Congress and all US Presidents have enormously expanded spending for new weapons systems, increased permanent military bases around the world and expansion of NATO not only to former Warsaw Pact countries on Russia's immediate periphery; it also has expanded NATO and US military presence deep into Asia on the perimeters of China through its conduct of the Afghan war and related campaigns.
Part I The Pentagon Targets China
On the basis of simple dollar outlays for military spending, the US Pentagon combined budget, leaving aside the huge budgets for such national security and defense-related agencies of US Government as the Department of Energy and US Treasury and other agencies, the US Department of Defense spent some $739 billion in 2011 on its military requirements. Were all other spending that is tied to US defense and national security included, the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies estimates an annual military spending of over $1 trillion by the United States. That is an amount greater than the total defense-related spending of the next 42 nations combined, and more than the Gross Domestic Product of most nations.
China officially spent barely 10% of the US outlay on its defense, some $90 billions, or, if certain defense-related arms import and other costs are included, perhaps $111 billion a year. Even if the Chinese authorities do not publish complete data on such sensitive areas, it is clear China spends a mere fraction of the USA and is starting from a military-technology base far behind the USA.
China today, because of its dynamic economic growth and its determination to pursue sovereign Chinese national interests, merely because China exists, is becoming the Pentagon new "enemy image," now replacing the earlier "enemy image" of Islam used after September 2001 by the Bush-Cheney Administration to justify the Pentagon's global power pursuit, or that of Soviet Communism during the Cold War. The new US military posture against China has nothing to do with any aggressive threat from the side of China. The Pentagon has decided to escalate its aggressive military posture to China merely because China has become a strong vibrant independent pole in world economics and geopolitics. Only vassal states need apply to Washington's globalized world.
Obama Doctrine: China is the new 'enemy image'
After almost two decades of neglect of its interests in East Asia, in 2011, the Obama Administration announced that the US would make "a strategic pivot" in its foreign policy to focus its military and political attention on the Asia-Pacific, particularly Southeast Asia, that is, China. The term "strategic pivot" is a page out of the classic textbook from the father of British geopolitics, Sir Halford Mackinder, who spoke at various times of Russia and later China as "pivot powers" whose geographical and geopolitical position posed unique challenges toAnglo-Saxon and after 1945, to American hegemony.
During the final months of 2011 the Obama Administration clearly defined a new public military threat doctrine for US military readiness in the wake of the US military failures in Iraq and Afghanistan. During a Presidential trip to the Far East, while in Australia, the US President unveiled what is being termed the Obama Doctrine.[1]
Obama told the Australians then:
With most of the world's nuclear power and some half of humanity, Asia will largely define whether the century ahead will be marked by conflict or cooperation…As President, I have, therefore, made a deliberate and strategic decision — as a Pacific nation, the United States will play a larger and long-term role in shaping this region and its future…I have directed my national security team to make our presence and mission in the Asia Pacific a top priority…As we plan and budget for the future, we will allocate the resources necessary to maintain our strong military presence in this region. We will preserve our unique ability to project power and deter threats to peace…Our enduring interests in the region demand our enduring presence in the region.
The United States is a Pacific power, and we are here to stay. Indeed, we are already modernizing America's defense posture across the Asia Pacific. It will be more broadly distributed — maintaining our strong presence in Japan and the Korean Peninsula, while enhancing our presence in Southeast Asia. Our posture will be more flexible — with new capabilities to ensure that our forces can operate freely .. I believe we can address shared challenges, such as proliferation and maritime security, including cooperation in the South China Sea.[2]
The centerpiece of Obama's visit was the announcement that at least 2,500 elite US Marines will be stationed in Darwin in Australia's Northern Territory. In addition, in a series of significant parallel agreements, discussions with Washington were underway to fly long-range American surveillance drones from the remote Cocos Islands — an Australian territory in the Indian Ocean. Also the US will gain greater use of Australian Air Force bases for American aircraft and increased ship and submarine visits to the Indian Ocean through a naval base outside Perth, on the country's west coast.
The Pentagon's target is China.
To make the point clear to European members of NATO, in remarks to fellow NATO members in Washington in July 2012, Phillip Hammond, the UK Secretary of State for Defense declared explicitly that the new US defense shift to the Asia-Pacific region was aimed squarely at China. Hammond said that, "the rising strategic importance of the Asia-Pacific region requires all countries, but particularly the United States, to reflect in their strategic posture the emergence of China as a global power. Far from being concerned about the tilt to Asia-Pacific, the European NATO powers should welcome the fact that the US is willing to engage in this new strategic challenge on behalf of the alliance." [3]
As with many of its operations, the Pentagon deployment is far deeper than the relatively small number of 2,500 new US soldiers might suggest.
In August 2011 the Pentagon presented its annual report on China's military. It stated that China had closed key technological gaps. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defence for East Asia, Michael Schiffer, said that the pace and scope of China's military investments had "allowed China to pursue capabilities that we believe are potentially destabilizing to regional military balances, increase the risk of misunderstanding and miscalculation and may contribute to regional tensions and anxieties." [4] He cited Chinese refurbishing of a Soviet-era aircraft carrier and China's development of its J20 Stealth Fighter as indications of the new capability requiring a more active US military response. Schiffer also cited China's space and cyber operations, saying it was "developing a multi-dimensional program to improve its capabilities to limit or prevent the use of space-based assets by adversaries during times of crisis or conflict." [5]
Part II: Pentagon's 'Air-Sea Battle'
The Pentagon strategy to defeat China in a coming war, details of which have filtered into the US press, is called "Air-Sea Battle." This calls for an aggressive coordinated US attack. US stealth bombers and submarines would knock out China's long-range surveillance radar and precision missile systems deep inside the country. This initial "blinding campaign" would be followed by a larger air and naval assault on China itself.[6] Crucial to the advanced pentagon strategy, deployment of which has already quietly begun, is US military navy and air presence in Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, Vietnam and across the South China Sea and Indian Ocean. Australian troop and naval deployment is aimed at accessing the strategic Chinese South China Sea as well as the Indian Ocean. The stated motive is to "protect freedom of navigation" in the Malacca Straits and the South China Sea. In reality it is to be positioned to cut China's strategic oil routes in event of full conflict.
Air-Sea Battle's goal is to help US forces withstand an initial Chinese assault and counterattack to destroy sophisticated Chinese radar and missile systems built to keep US ships away from China's coastline.[7]
US 'Air-Sea Battle' against China
In addition to the stationing of the US Marines in the north of Australia, Washington plans to fly long-range American surveillance drones from the remote Cocos Islands — an Australian territory in the strategically vital Indian Ocean. Also it will have use of Australian Air Force bases for American military aircraft and increased ship and submarine visits to the Indian Ocean through a naval base outside Perth, on Australia's west coast.[8]
The architect of the Pentagon anti-China strategy of Air-Sea battle is Andrew Marshall, the man who has shaped Pentagon advanced warfare strategy for more than 40 years and among whose pupils were Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld. [9] Since the 1980s Marshall has been a promoter of an idea first posited in 1982 by Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov, then chief of the Soviet general staff, called RMA, or 'Revolution in Military Affairs.' Marshall, today at the ripe age of 91, still holds his desk and evidently very much influence inside the Pentagon.
The best definition of RMA was the one provided by Marshall himself: "A Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) is a major change in the nature of warfare brought about by the innovative application of new technologies which, combined with dramatic changes in military doctrine and operational and organizational concepts, fundamentally alters the character and conduct of military operations." [10]
It was also Andrew Marshall who convinced US Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and his successor Robert Gates to deploy the Ballistic Missile "defense" Shield in Poland, the Czech Republic, Turkey and Japan as a strategy to minimize any potential nuclear threat from Russia and, in the case of Japan's BMD, any potential nuclear threat from China.
PART III: 'String of Pearls' Strategy of Pentagon
In January 2005, Andrew Marshall issued a classified internal report to Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld titled "Energy Futures in Asia." The Marshall report, which was leaked in full to a Washington newspaper, invented the term "string of pearls" strategy to describe what it called the growing Chinese military threat to "US strategic interests" in the Asian space.[11]
The internal Pentagon report claimed that "China is building strategic relationships along the sea lanes from the Middle East to the South China Sea in ways that suggest defensive and offensive positioning to protect China's energy interests, but also to serve broad security objectives."
In the Pentagon Andrew Marshall report, the term China's "String of Pearls" Strategy was used for the first time. It is a Pentagon term and not a Chinese term.
The report stated that China was adopting a "string of pearls" strategy of bases and diplomatic ties stretching from the Middle East to southern China that includes a new naval base under construction at the Pakistani port of Gwadar. It claimed that "Beijing already has set up electronic eavesdropping posts at Gwadar in the country's southwest corner, the part nearest the Persian Gulf. The post is monitoring ship traffic through the Strait of Hormuz and the Arabian Sea." [12]
The Marshall internal report went on to warn of other "pearls" in the sea-lane strategy of China:
• Bangladesh: China is strengthening its ties to the government and building a container port facility at Chittagong. The Chinese are "seeking much more extensive naval and commercial access" in Bangladesh.
• Burma: China has developed close ties to the military regime in Rangoon and turned a nation wary of China into a "satellite" of Beijing close to the Strait of Malacca, through which 80 percent of China's imported oil passes. China is building naval bases in Burma and has electronic intelligence gathering facilities on islands in the Bay of Bengal and near the Strait of Malacca. Beijing also supplied Burma with "billions of dollars in military assistance to support a de facto military alliance," the report said.
• Cambodia: China signed a military agreement in November 2003 to provide training and equipment. Cambodia is helping Beijing build a railway line from southern China to the sea.
• South China Sea: Chinese activities in the region are less about territorial claims than "protecting or denying the transit of tankers through the South China Sea," the report said. China also is building up its military forces in the region to be able to "project air and sea power" from the mainland and Hainan Island. China recently upgraded a military airstrip on Woody Island and increased its presence through oil drilling platforms and ocean survey ships.
• Thailand: China is considering funding construction of a $20 billion canal across the Kra Isthmus that would allow ships to bypass the Strait of Malacca. The canal project would give China port facilities, warehouses and other infrastructure in Thailand aimed at enhancing Chinese influence in the region, the report said… The U.S. military's Southern Command produced a similar classified report in the late 1990s that warned that China was seeking to use commercial port facilities around the world to control strategic "chokepoints." [13]
Breaking the String of Pearls
Significant Pentagon and US actions since that 2005 report have been aimed to counter China's attempts to defend its energy security via that "String of Pearls." The US interventions since 2007 into Burma/Myanmar have had two phases.
The first was the so-called Saffron Revolution, a US State Department and CIA-backed destabilization in 2007 aimed at putting the international spotlight on the Myanmar military dictatorship's human rights practices. The aim was to further isolate the strategically located country internationally from all economic relations, aside from China. The background to the US actions was China's construction of oil and gas pipelines from Kunming in China's southwest Yunnan Province, across the old Burma Road across Myanmar to the Bay of Bengal across from India and Bangladesh in the northern Indian Ocean.
Forcing Burma's military leaders into tighter dependency on China was one of the factors triggering the decision of the Myanmar military to open up economically to the West. They declared that the tightening of US economic sanctions had done the country great harm and President Thein Sein made his major liberalization opening, as well as allowing US-backed dissident, Aung San Suu Kyi, to be free and to run for elective office with her party, in return for promises from US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton of US investment in the country and possible easing of US economic sanctions. [14]
The US corporations approaching Burma are hand-picked by Washington to introduce the most destructive "free market" reforms that will open Myanmar to instability. The United States will not allow investment in entities owned by Myanmar's armed forces or its Ministry of Defense. It also is able to place sanctions on "those who undermine the reform process, engage in human rights abuses, contribute to ethnic conflict or participate in military trade with North Korea." The United States will block businesses or individuals from making transactions with any "specially designated nationals" or businesses that they control — allowing Washington, for example, to stop money from flowing to groups "disrupting the reform process." It's the classic "carrot and stick" approach, dangling the carrot of untold riches if Burma opens its economy to US corporations and punishing those who try to resist the takeover of the country's prize assets. Oil and gas, vital to China, will be a special target of US intervention. American companies and people will be allowed to invest in the state-owned Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise.[15]
Obama also created a new power for the government to impose "blocking sanctions" on any individual threatening peace in Myanmar. Businesses with more than $500,000 in investment in the country will need to file an annual report with the State Department, with details on workers' rights, land acquisitions and any payments of more than $10,000 to government entities, including Myanmar's state-owned enterprises.
American companies and people will be allowed to invest in the state-owned Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise, but any investors will need to notify the State Department within 60 days.
As well, US "human rights" NGOs, many closely associated with or believed to be associated with US State Department geopolitical designs, including Freedom House, Human Rights Watch, Institute for Asian Democracy, Open Society Foundations, Physicians for Human Rights, U.S. Campaign for Burma, United to End Genocide— will now be allowed to operate inside Myanmar according to a decision by State Secretary Clinton in April 2012.[16]
Thailand, another key in China's defensive String of Pearl Strategy has also been subject of intense destabilization over the past several years. Now with the sister of a corrupt former Prime Minister in office, US-Thai relations have significantly improved.
After months of bloody clashes, the US-backed billionaire, Former Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra , managed to buy the way to put his sister, Yingluck Shinawatra in as Prime Minister, with him reportedly pulling the policy strings from abroad. Thaksin himself was enjoying comfortable status in the US as of this writing, in summer 2012.
US relations with Thaksin's sister, Yingluck Shinawatra, are moving in direct fulfillment of the Obama "strategic pivot" to focus on the "China threat." In June 2012, General Martin E. Dempsey, chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, after returning from a visit this month to Thailand, the Philippines and Singapore stated: "We want to be out there partnered with nations and have a rotational presence that would allow us to build up common capabilities for common interests." This is precisely key beads in what the Pentagon calls the String of Pearls.
The Pentagon is now quietly negotiating to return to bases abandoned after the Vietnam War. It is negotiating with the Thai government to create a new "disaster relief" hub at the Royal Thai Navy Air Field at U-Tapao, 90 miles south of Bangkok.
The US military built the two mile long runway there, one of Asia's longest, in the 1960s as a major staging and refueling base during the Vietnam War.
The Pentagon is also working to secure more rights to US Navy visits to Thai ports and joint surveillance flights to monitor trade routes and military movements. The US Navy will soon base four of its newest warships — Littoral Combat Ships — in Singapore and would rotate them periodically to Thailand and other southeast Asian countries. The Navy is pursuing options to conduct joint airborne surveillance missions from Thailand.[17]
In addition, Deputy Defense Secretary Ashton Carter went to Thailand in July 2012 and the Thai government has invited Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, who met with the Thai minister of defense at a conference in Singapore in June.[18]
In 2014, the US Navy is scheduled to begin deploying new P-8A Poseidon reconnaissance and anti-submarine aircraft to the Pacific, replacing the P-3C Orion surveillance planes. The Navy is also preparing to deploy new high-altitude surveillance drones to the Asia-Pacific region around the same time. [19]
PART IV: India-US Defense 'Look East Policy'
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta was in India in June of this year where he proclaimed that defence cooperation with India is the lynchpin of US security strategy in Asia. He pledged to help develop India's military capabilities and to engage with India in joint production of defence "articles" of high technology. Panetta was thr fifth Obama Cabinet secretary to visit India this year. The message that they have all brought is that, for the US, India will be the major relationship of the 21st century. The reason is China's emergence. [20]
Several years ago during the Bush Administration, Washington made a major move to lock India in as a military ally of the US against the emerging Chinese presence in Asia. India calls it India's "Look East Policy." In reality, despite all claims to the contrary, it is a "look at China" military policy.
In comments in August 2012, Deputy Secretary of defense Ashton Carter stated, "India is also key part of our rebalance to the Asia-Pacific, and, we believe, to the broader security and prosperity of the 21st century. The US-India relationship is global in scope, like the reach and influence of both countries." [21] In 2011, the US military conducted more than 50 significant military activities with India.
Carter continued in remarks following a trip to New Delhi, "Our security interests converge: on maritime security, across the Indian Ocean region; in Afghanistan, where India has done so much for economic development and the Afghan security forces; and on broader regional issues, where we share long-term interests. I went to India at the request of Secretary Panetta and with a high-level delegation of U S technical and policy experts." [22]
The Pentagon "String of pearls" strategy against China in effect is not one of beautiful pearls, but a hangman's noose around the perimeter of China, designed in the event of major conflict to completely cut China off from its access to vital raw materials, most especially oil from the Persian Gulf and Africa.
Former Pentagon adviser Robert D. Kaplan, now with Stratfor, has noted that the Indian Ocean is becoming the world's "strategic center of gravity" and who controls that center, controls Eurasia, including China. The Ocean is the vital waterway passage for energy and trade flows between the Middle East and China and Far Eastern countries. More strategically, it is the heart of a developing south-south economic axis between China and Africa and Latin America.
Straddled by the Islamic Arch–which stretches from Somalia to Indonesia, passing through the countries of the Gulf and Central Asia– the region surrounding the Indian Ocean has certainly become the world's new strategic center of gravity.[23]
No rival economic bloc can be allowed to challenge American hegemony. Former Obama geopolitical adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski, a student of Mackinder geopolitics and still today along with Henry Kissinger one of the most influential persons in the US power establishment, summed up the position as seen from Washington in his 1997 book, The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and It's Geostrategic Imperatives:
It is imperative that no Eurasian challenger emerges, capable of dominating Eurasia and thus of also challenging America. The formulation of a comprehensive and integrated Eurasian geo-strategy is therefore the purpose of this book. [24]
For America, the chief geopolitical prize is Eurasia…. America's global primacy is directly dependent on how long and how effectively its preponderance on the Eurasian continent is sustained. [25]
In that context, how America 'manages' Eurasia is critical. Eurasia is the globe's largest continent and is geopolitically axial. A power that dominates Eurasia would control two of the world's three most advanced and economically productive regions. A mere glance at the map also suggests that control over Eurasia would almost automatically entail Africa's subordination, rendering the Western Hemisphere and Oceania geopolitically peripheral to the world's central continent. About 75 per cent of the world's people live in Eurasia, and most of the world's physical wealth is there as well, both in its enterprises and underneath its soil. Eurasia accounts for 60 per cent of the world's GNP and about three-fourths of the world's known energy resources. [26]
The Indian Ocean is crowned by what some call an Islamic Arch of countries stretching from East Africa to Indonesia by way of the Persian Gulf countries and Central Asia. The emergence of China and other much smaller Asian powers over the past two decades since the end of the Cold war has challenged US hegemony over the Indian Ocean for the first time since the beginning of the Cold War. Especially in the past years as American economic influence has precipitously declined globally and that of China has risen spectacularly, the Pentagon has begun to rethink its strategic presence in the Indian Ocean. The Obama 'Asian Pivot' is centered on asserting decisive Pentagon control over the sea lanes of the Indian Ocean and the waters of the South China Sea.
The US military base at Okinawa, Japan is being rebuilt as a major center to project US military power towards China. As of 2010 there were over 35,000 US military personnel stationed in Japan and another 5,500 American civilians employed there by the United States Department of Defense. The United States Seventh Fleet is based in Yokosuka. The 3rd Marine Expeditionary Force in Okinawa. 130 USAF fighters are stationed in the Misawa Air Base and Kadena Air Base.
The Japanese government in 2011 began an armament program designed to counter the perceived growing Chinese threat. The Japanese command has urged their leaders to petition the United States to allow the sale of F-22A Raptor fighter jets, currently illegal under U.S law. South Korean and American military have deepened their strategic alliance and over 45,000 American soldiers are now stationed in South Korea. The South Koreans and Americans claim this is due to the North Korean military's modernization. China and North Korea denounce it as needlessly provocative.[27]
Under the cover of the US war on Terrorism, the US has developed major military agreements with the Philippines as well as with Indonesia's army.
The military base on Diego Garcia is the lynchpin of US control over the Indian Ocean. In 1971 the US military depopulated the citizens of Diego Garcia to build a major military installation there to carry out missions against Iraq and Afghanistan.
China has two Achilles heels—the Straits of Hormuz at the mouth of the Persian Gulf and the Strait of Malacca near Singapore. Some 20% of China oil passes through the Straits of Hormuz. And some 80% of Chinese oil imports pass through the Strait of Malacca as well as major freight trade.
To prevent China from emerging successfully as the major economic competitor of the United States in the world, Washington launched the so-called Arab Spring in late 2010. While the aspirations of millions of ordinary Arab citizens in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and elsewhere for freedom and democracy was real, they were in effect used as unwitting cannon fodder to unleash a US strategy of chaos and intra-islamic wars and conflicts across the entire oil-rich Islamic world from Libya in North Africa across to Syria and ultimately Iran in the Middle East. [28]
The US strategy within the Islamic Arch countries straddling the Indian Ocean is, as Mohamed Hassan, a strategic analyst put it thus:
The US is…seeking to control these resources to prevent them reaching China. This was a major objective of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, but these have turned into a fiasco. The US destroyed these countries in order to set up governments there which would be docile, but they have failed. The icing on the cake is that the new Iraqi and Afghan government trade with China! Beijing has therefore not needed to spend billions of dollars on an illegal war in order to get its hands on Iraq's black gold: Chinese companies simply bought up oil concessions at auction totally within the rules.
[T]he USA's…strategy has failed all along the line. There is nevertheless one option still open to the US: maintaining chaos in order to prevent these countries from attaining stability for the benefit of China. This means continuing the war in Iraq and Afghanistan and extending it to countries such as Iran, Yemen or Somalia.[29]
PART V: South China Sea
The completion of the Pentagon "String of Pearls" hangman's noose around China to cut off vital energy and other imports in event of war by 2012 was centered around the increased US manipulation of events in the South China Sea. The Ministry of Geological Resources and Mining of the People's Republic of China estimated that the South China Sea may contain 18 billion tons of crude oil (compared to Kuwait with 13 billion tons). The most optimistic estimate suggested that potential oil resources (not proved reserves) of the Spratly and Paracel Islands in the South China Sea could be as high as 105 billion barrels of oil, and that the total for the South China Sea could be as high as 213 billion barrels. [30]
The presence of such vast energy reserves has not surprisingly become a major energy security issue for China. Washington has made a calculated intervention in the past several years to sabotage those Chinese interests, using especially Vietnam as a wedge against Chinese oil exploration there. In July 2012 the National Assembly of Vietnam passed a law demarcating Vietnamese sea borders to include the Spratly and Paracel islands. US influence in Vietnam since the country opened to economic liberalization has become decisive.
In 2011 the US military began cooperation with Vietnam, including joint "peaceful" military exercises. Washington has backed both The Philippines and Vietnam in their territorial claims over Chinese-claimed territories in the South China Sea, emboldening those small countries not to seek a diplomatic resolution.[31]
In 2010 US and UK oil majors entered the bidding for exploration in the South China Sea. The bid by Chevron and BP added to the presence of US-based Anadarko Petroleum Corporation in the region. That move is essential to give Washington the pretext to "defend us oil interests" in the area. [32]
In April 2012, the Philippine warship Gregorio del Pilar was involved in a standoff with two Chinese surveillance vessels in the Scarborough Shoal, an area claimed by both nations. The Philippine navy had been trying to arrest Chinese fishermen who were allegedly taking government-protected marine species from the area, but the surveillance boats prevented them. On April 14, 2012, U.S. and the Philippines held their yearly exercises in Palawan, Philippines. On May 7, 2012, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Fu Ying called a meeting with Alex Chua, Charge D'affaires of the Philippine Embassy in China, to make a serious representation over the incident at the Scarborough Shoal.
From South Korea to Philippines to Vietnam, the Pentagon and US State Department is fanning the clash over rights to the South China Sea to stealthily insert US military presence there to "defend" Vietnamese, Japanese, Korean or Philippine interests. The military hangman's noose around China is being slowly drawn tighter.
While China's access to vast resources of offshore conventional oil and gas were being restricted, Washington was actively trying to lure China into massive pursuit of exploitation of shale gas inside China. The reasons had nothing to do with US goodwill towards China. It was in fact another major weapon in the destruction of China, now through a form of environmental warfare.
F. William Engdahl author of, Es klebt Blut an Euren Händen (FinanzBuchVerlag)
[1] President Barack Obama, Remarks By President Obama to the Australian Parliament, November 17, 2011, accessed in
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/11/17/remarks-president-obama-australian-parliament.
[3] Otto Kreisher, UK Defense Chief to NATO: Pull Your Weight in Europe While US Handles China, July 22, 2012, accessed in
http://defense.aol.com/2012/07/19/uk-defense-chief-to-nato-pull-your-weight-in-europe-while-us-ha/?icid=related4 .
[4] BBC, China military 'closing key gaps', says Pentagon, 25 August 2011, accessed in http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14661027 .
[6] Greg Jaffe , US Model for a Future War Fans Tensions with China and inside Pentagon, Washington Post, August 2, 2012, accessed in
http://www.turkishweekly.net/news/139681/us-model-for-a-future-war-fans-tensions-with-china-and-inside-pentagon.html.
[8] Matt Siegel, As Part of Pact, U.S. Marines Arrive in Australia, in China's Strategic Backyard, The New York Times,
April 4, 2012, accessed in http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/05/world/asia/us-marines-arrive-darwin-australia.html.
[9] Greg Jaffe, op. cit.
[10] F. William Engdahl, Full Spectrum Dominance: Totallitarian democracy in the New World Order, Wiesbaden, 2009, edition.engdahl, p. 190.
[11] The Washington Times, China Builds up Strategic Sea Lanes, January 17, 2005, accessed in http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2005/jan/17/20050117-115550-1929r/?page=all#pagebreak
[14] Wall Street Journal, An Opening in Burma: The regime's tentative liberalization is worth testing for sincerity,
Wall Street Journal, November 22, 2011, accessed in
[15] Radio Free Asia, US to Invest in Burma's Oil, 7 November, 2011, accessed in
http://www.rfa.org/english/news/burma/sanctions-07112012185817.html
[16] Shaun Tandon, US eases Myanmar restrictions for NGOs, AFP, April 17, 2012, accessed in
http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jmwmJ3e0yIjyD-7N52GAFISnweAA?docId=CNG.a8c1c3e2edf92a30cc1b3c9bd5ed11c1.131
[17] Craig Whitlock, U.S. eyes return to some Southeast Asia military bases, Washington Post, June 23, 2012, accessed in
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-seeks-return-to-se-asian-bases/2012/06/22/gJQAKP83vV_story.html
[20] Premvir Das, Taking US-India defence links to the next level, June 18, 2012, accessed in http://www.rediff.com/news/slide-show/slide-show-1-taking-us-india-defence-links-to-the-next-level/20120618.htm
[21] Zeenews, US-India ties are global in scope: Pentagon, August 02, 2012, accessed in
http://zeenews.india.com/news/world/us-india-ties-are-global-in-scope-pentagon_791212.html
[23] Gregoire Lalieu, Michael Collon, Is the Fate of the World Being Decided Today in the Indian Ocean?, November 3, 2010, accessed in
http://www.michelcollon.info/Is-the-fate-of-the-world-being.html?lang=fr
[24] Zbigniew Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy And It's Geostrategic Imperatives, 1997, Basic Books, p. xiv.
[27] Cas Group, Background on the South China Sea Crisis, accessed in
http://casgroup.fiu.edu/pages/docs/3907/1326143354_South_China_Sea_Guide.pdf
[28] Gregoire Lalieu,, et al, op. cit.
[30] GlobalSecurity.org, South China Sea Oil and Natural Gas, accessed in
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/spratly-oil.htm
[31] Agence France Presse, US, Vietnam Start Military Relationship, August 1, 2011, accessed in
http://www.defensenews.com/article/20110801/DEFSECT03/108010307/U-S-Vietnam-Start-Military-Relationship
[32] Zacks Equity Research, Oil Majors Eye South China Sea, June 24, 2010, accessed in http://www.zacks.com/stock/news/36056/Oil+Majors+Eye+South…
URL of this article: http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=32474
Please support Global Research
Global Research relies on the financial support of its readers.
African land-grab: accelerating the genocide agenda
Gregory Mannarino: Major Banks Are Being Set Up To Fail


text:
language Menu, current location and language selection is Singapore English, use this menu to select a new location and language SG | EN expand_more
language Menu, current location and language selection is Singapore English, use this menu to select a new location and language SG | EN arrow_right
Risk Resilience - Reimagined
arrow_left language Menu, current location and language selection is Singapore English, use this menu to select a new location and language SG | EN
What you should know about the changing cyber risk
Risk & Analytics|Cyber Risk Management|Financial, Executive and Professional Risks (FINEX)
By Elisabeth Braw | December 20, 2019
Amid the growing number of state-sponsored cyberattacks, businesses need to consider their potential role in national security.
Refined Kitten evokes the image of a cuddly pet, but the world is about to learn that it can be something very different because Microsoft has just announced that Refined Kitten is a hacker team, believed to be backed by Iran, that can do things virtually no other known hacker group can do, namely infiltrate the control systems of critical national infrastructure, including oil refineries and electric utilities.
Since its inception three decades ago, the internet has offered enormous advances for society. Imagine how you'd go about just one day without the internet. Where would you find information? Imagine having to go to a library to get a simple fact from an encyclopedia, call an operator to find a phone number, or read a newspaper to search for a job and go to a post office to submit your resume.
Imagine if a cyberattack took down internet access of a major city like London or New York or worse: a whole country. That's the threat that Refined Kitten and the growing number of other state-sponsored hackers pose to the world. The impact of a successful breach could be vast.
Businesses are already feeling the heat of cyber attacks. The latest Cyber Breaches Survey from the U.K. Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport reports that during the previous twelve months, 32% of businesses and 22% of charities were subjected to cyber breaches or attacks. Among larger companies (250 or more employees), 61% have experienced cyber attacks.
Hiscox, meanwhile, reports that 61% of business in the U.S., Germany, the U.K., France, Spain, the Netherlands and Belgium experienced cyberattacks in the past year, up from 45% the year before. The mean cost of an incident was $396,000, not an insignificant amount.
State sponsored attacks
While the attackers may seem like the garden-variety criminals that have for so long targeted businesses and individuals alike, the more recent attackers sought to do more than steal money. When Maersk, the Danish shipping giant, was brought down by the NotPetya virus in 2017, news reports initially described the attack as a ransomware incident. But the attackers demanded no ransom.
As was subsequently determined, NotPetya had been created by a hacker group working for Russian military intelligence, and initially targeted Ukrainian government agencies and businesses. Even though Maersk was not the primary target, it was "collateral damage," as its chairman, Jim Hagemann Snabe, later explained.
Chinese hackers acting as proxies for their government act similarly. In September, telecom providers in Central and Southeast Asia were attacked, for the purpose of tracking Uighurs, the local indigenous people. Only two months previously Chinese government proxies had targeted German industry giants BASF, Siemens and Henkel. C919, China's new airliner that is set to compete with Airbus and Boeing, is reported to contain a great deal of technology stolen from Airbus and Boeing suppliers by Chinese intelligence officers and hackers.
Iranian hackers acting as proxies for their government meanwhile, have attacked the U.K. Post Office and U.S. companies, the latter in response to a U.S. cyberattack on Iranian computer systems following Iran's downing of a U.S. drone. But they don't target U.S. and U.K. companies alone: the Italian oil and gas firm Saipem has been targeted, as have Middle Eastern businesses, the telecom industry, international universities and IT firms.
Further complicating the geopolitical picture, Russian hackers linked to their government have managed to impersonate Iranian hackers, thus ensuring that victims pinned the blame on Iran.
North Korea, too, stages cyberattacks through proxies. A collective known as APT37, for example, has attacked Asian and Middle Eastern companies in a range of sectors including chemicals, electronics, manufacturing, aerospace, automotive and healthcare, apparently not for the purpose of bringing them down but to spy on them. Perhaps even more alarmingly, North Korean government-linked hackers are experts at cyber theft: In 2018, one group alone stole around $1 billion from foreign companies and institutions. Kim Jong Il's regime uses such booty to fund its geopolitical ambitions.
A tougher adversary
There is good news: although cybercriminals pose a threat to business operations, companies have been getting better at defending themselves, a point Hiscox also makes in its report. The bad news is that cyber attackers working for foreign governments are a tougher adversary than garden-variety criminals.
That doesn't mean that businesses should retreat from their global positions. Such a step would, at any rate, not protect them from cyberattacks that ignore geographic borders. What it does mean is that they should now think of themselves as participants in national security. The very recognition that a business may be attacked not because it has enemies, or because it's an easy target, but simply because it's headquartered in a particular country or has assets another country wants, will make executives better prepared to take on this unconventional threat.
Senior Research Fellow and Project Director Modern Deterrence at Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), an affiliate of the Willis Research Network
Getting serious about defending against cyber threats
Cyberinsurance 2.0: The new wave of cyberinsurance
Related content tags, list of links Blog Post Risk & Analytics Cyber Risk Management Financial, Executive and Professional Risks (FINEX) Geopolitical Risk United Kingdom
Singapore Privacy Notice

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Al will share his many decades of experience in planning and implementing ecosystem restoration in interior forests, highlighting the use of prescribed fire. He will describe the evolution of these practices, emphasizing lessons learned.
Register with the Fraser Basin council for this webinar.


text:
// Copyright © 2018 Wave Engine S.L. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms.

#region Usings Statements
using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using WaveEngine.Common.Math;
using WaveEngine.Framework.Graphics;
#endregion

namespace WaveEngine.ImageEffects
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Represent an antaliasing as postprocessing filter.
    /// </summary>
    [DataContract(Namespace = "WaveEngine.ImageEffects")]
    public class AntialiasingLens : Lens
    {
        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the span_max.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>
        /// The span_max.
        /// </value>
        [DataMember]
        public float Span_max
        {
            get
            {
                return (this.material as AntialiasingMaterial).Span_max;
            }

            set
            {
                (this.material as AntialiasingMaterial).Span_max = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the reduce_ mul.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>
        /// The reduce_ mul.
        /// </value>
        [DataMember]
        public float Reduce_Mul
        {
            get
            {
                return (this.material as AntialiasingMaterial).Reduce_Mul;
            }

            set
            {
                (this.material as AntialiasingMaterial).Reduce_Mul = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the reduce_ minimum.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>
        /// The reduce_ minimum.
        /// </value>
        [DataMember]
        public float Reduce_Min
        {
            get
            {
                return (this.material as AntialiasingMaterial).Reduce_Min;
            }

            set
            {
                (this.material as AntialiasingMaterial).Reduce_Min = value;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Initialize

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="AntialiasingLens"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        public AntialiasingLens()
            : base()
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets default values for this instance.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void DefaultValues()
        {
            base.DefaultValues();

            this.material = new AntialiasingMaterial();
        }

        #endregion

        #region Public Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Renders to image.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="gameTime">The game time.</param>
        public override void Render(TimeSpan gameTime)
        {
            var mat = this.material as AntialiasingMaterial;
            if (mat.TexcoordOffset == Vector2.Zero)
            {
                mat.TexcoordOffset.X = 1f / this.Source.Width;
                mat.TexcoordOffset.Y = 1f / this.Source.Height;
            }

            mat.Texture = this.Source;
            this.RenderToImage(this.Destination, this.material);

            mat.Texture = null;
        }
        #endregion

        #region Private Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing"><c>true</c> to release both managed and unmanaged resources; <c>false</c> to release only unmanaged resources.</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Everything is bursting to life around here. Birds are building nests and laying eggs, new flowers popping up in every yard, the grass is a brilliant hue of green and the trees are beginning to bud. The world seems frantically alive with sounds, smells and vibrant colors.
Other than a light rain this morning we have had eleven solid days of sunshine. My weird cyclist tan lines are coming out of hiding and starting to provoke comments once again.
Squint and you'll miss it…the beginning of the wonderful glove tan line.
But probably the most bizarre thing about having so many sunny, dry days in a row is that I haven't washed my bike in forever! After getting into a steady routine of cleaning my winter bike every single day, the lack of maintenance currently needed is rather off putting. I carry my bike up the stairs after a good ride and stare in surprise as I realize that once again, she is completely clean.
It has been so dry that Smoky the Bear is out in full force to warn of forest fires.
The wind has been active lately but I have stumbled upon a routine for my rides that makes the wind enjoyable rather than oppressive. I used to ride a lot of loops on my days off, but this spring I have found out and back routes to be even better.
I have realized something about myself. It is easy for me to be motivated to ride my bike. But it is much harder to be motivated to ride my bike fast. I often slow down whenever the going gets rough to give my legs and lungs a break.
I don't know exactly why, but I can often push past the point of discomfort. I think my brain gets so excited with how fast my bike is going with the help of the wind that it forgets to complain. So I go as hard as I can and it is incredible. I have never been the thrill-seeker type so bombing down hills on my bike gives me a rare glimpse into the world of the adrenaline rush.
My brother and I rode together yesterday (we leave for Colorado in less than a month so we have been trying to ride as much as possible lately) and it was the best fun to feel the wind's power together. We came back home feeling like epic beasts.
What even is this day?
My ride this morning began under a clear, black sky that was bursting with twinkling stars. I stared up at the perfect sky as much as I dared (which isn't much-I have been cautious ever since I punctured one of my tires while trying to combine stargazing and cycling).
Then during the last mile of my commute I noticed one of the greatest things ever…the eastern sky was not completely black, there was just a faint breath of color to silhouette barns, houses and trees. To me, this is a huge and noteworthy event. For around nine months out of the year, I ride to work under a black, night sky but now-now I get to see a bit of sunrise just before arriving at the restaurant. I am ridiculously excited!
The day continued its wonderfulness and I stepped out of work at 3:00pm to a bright sun, clear blue sky, gentle winds and a temperature of sixty degrees. It is one of those days when everything in the world seems delighted to be alive.
As I was crossing a bridge, I was busy humming to myself and watching pudgy little woodchucks scurry around in the new green grass. I felt a spider's web brush my arms but I was too focused elsewhere to pay much attention. A few minutes later, I glanced at my bike computer only to burst out laughing.
From the tips of my fingers to the crook of my elbows, dozens upon dozens of silky strands connected my arms together. Good thing I am not a fly, or I would not have made it out alive!
I took a few minutes to stop at a park and just listen to all the cheerful little creatures enjoying the sunny day. I spotted a little chipmunk coming out of his hole and when he saw me he froze for a few minutes. Then he decided he was not scared of me anymore and his fear turned into rage. He turned toward me, guarding his home and chirped fiercely until I stepped away.
And now I am home and I have thrown open all my windows. A fresh breeze is blowing through the house and I can hear the birds singing. It is a good day.
Today has turned out to be a very dreary spring day, complete with dark, foreboding clouds and steady rain. My ride to work was nice however, mostly because I had a friendly tailwind encouraging me for the entire ten miles.
As my workday came to a close I started dreading the journey back home. The more I thought about it, the more reasons I came up with to feel dismal and rather quickly I developed a full-blown case of Eeyore Brain. I had become dramatically pessimistic about everything: the dark day, the cold rain, the energy sucking headwind, my stiff quads…I just felt so tired.
While I was gingerly pulling on my damp cycling clothes, I decided that my ride home was going to be awful and that I would simply have to grin and bear it.
The first few minutes of pedaling down the road fulfilled my prediction of doom. I don't know why but my quads became very sore while at work today and my legs simply did not want to move once I got on my bike. Combining that with the gloomy weather, the only thing that kept me moving down the road was the force of habit. I settled in for a slow, plodding ride home.
When people tell me it is nasty weather out and that I shouldn't dare to ride my bike, I usually tell them that, "The weather outside always looks worse from the inside." It is a statement I have found to be true. No matter how awful a day seems to be, once I am outside, riding my bike, any weather becomes at least somewhat enjoyable.
But today my Eeyore brain refused my acknowledge this truth. Thankfully, my bike was willing to step up the plate and remind me.
From then on I enjoyed the gentle rain and softly blowing wind. The air was filled with the joy of spring. Before I knew it, my bike and I had made it home.
The weather is cold and the beautiful snow has returned.
On Sunday we got a light cover of snow overnight and into the morning. Instead of melting off during the day, the snow stuck around as all proper snow should do.
When I woke up Monday morning, I noticed that another thin layer of snow had fallen overnight. It wasn't enough to cover the road so I foolishly decided that it was alright to use my road bike to commute to work.
Four miles down the road, I finally realized that I that made the wrong choice. The farther north I went, the thicker the layer of snow on the pavement became and the sky was adding to that amount very rapidly indeed.
I love riding in snowstorms and over the past two years I have become confident in handling my bike in snow but I have always used my mountain bike with wide, studded, knobby tires. Now I found myself in a snowstorm on a road bike with two very skinny, very smooth tires. Yikes.
What if I hit a patch of ice, would I smash into the ground without any warning?
I started singing a song that always gives me perspective when I am feeling afraid while riding.
It is amazing how focusing on God and His love can drive away my fear. I began to see the reality of my situation: yes, I was not on a proper winter bike, but with the wide shoulders and desolate roads the only thing to worry about was falling over and with the amount of clothing I was wearing it probably wouldn't be that bad…hopefully. And I knew that if the snow became too deep for me to handle I could always ask my coworker to pick me up.
As I continued to bike along, it hit me. This might be the very last snowstorm I get to ride through until next winter. I became a bit emotional. Though I enjoy every season, winter is undeniably the greatest of them all, snow makes the world a wonderful, magical place and I am going to miss that magic.
So yes, I went from being scared about riding in the snow to being emotional about the end of winter within a few minutes. It is probably a good thing that I have never claimed to be a completely rational human.
After I got home from work, I gave it exactly what it deserved: a very thorough cleaning.
Although everything turned out alright in the end, I won't be taking my road bike on any more snowy adventures…my mountain bike is clearly angry about missing out.
Ahh….good 'ole April Fool's Day. I am not much of a prankster but this is the one day of the year that I try my hand at tricking people. The apex of my achievements in pranksterdom was when I made homemade bagels for my family. Special cheddar cheese and chive bagels. They looked rather yummy, if I do say so myself, but I had secretly poured so much salt into the dough that they were entirely inedible.
At work, I also try to come up with a few harmless and creative pranks each April Fool's Day. I have been lucky so far, each year my work schedule has allowed me to set up the pranks on March 31st, but actually be off work on the 1st. For three years I have been pranking my coworkers without ever being pranked myself.
This year, however, the tables had turned. I went into work this morning knowing that I was about to receive payback for my devious deeds. Sure enough, my coworkers had sneakily sealed up some of the squeeze bottles, replaced a few of the raw eggs with hard-boiled ones and put objects in the commercial toaster so that when I turned it on, the objects came clanging merrily out. It kept me awake this morning!
But I must say, my bike pulled the most absurd prank of all.
I bought a new computer for my bike (the old one kept glitching) and last night, I assembled it all together and got everything properly configured.
It wasn't until an hour before my shift would end that my brain finally woke up and I realized that I had forgotten to do something very important when I took the old computer off. I felt extremely silly but after making a small adjustment to my front wheel, the computer worked just fine for the ride home.


HeySpace Is Changing for You – The Mobile Application Is Here!
Every day we work hard to make HeySpace better. For ourselves, the team at TimeCamp, and for you, our users. Often it's challenging but worth the final results. While we're still working on many small features and bugs but we also remember about the most important needs. And so, one of our latest achievement is the mobile application.
The mobile app is no different than the web app. It has the same design, interface, and most of the features. So if you've been using our web-based HeySpace, you won't have a problem onboarding. It's still in the stage of development and but you can already download it and use it on your phone.
Here are the features you can already find in HeySpace mobile app.
Keep in mind that HeySpace mobile app is not fully developed. Nevertheless, you can use it and experiment with the available features to always stay on top of your work and keep in contact with your team.
There is a iPhone in the postimage. But the app is only available for android?
Yes. Only for android. The iOS app will be for 2-3 weeks.


text:
Christmas Day TV Guide: what's on on the big day?
We take you through what's on the box on Christmas Day
Hannah Mirsky
Frozen graces our screens on Christmas Day
Christmas. It's a time for food, presents, festive traditions and lots and lots of telly.
Here's our run-down of some of the biggest shows going out on the big day:
Christmas TV 2016
And if that's not enough, the News has rounded up the best of the rest for you.
Frozen, BBC One, 3.10pm
It all depends on whether you can bear having Let It Go stuck in your head for the rest of the day.
Disney's instant classic is full of festive snowy scenes and is a true crowd-pleaser: beloved by little girls up and down the country, but fast-paced and sassy enough for the grown-ups.
Emmerdale, ITV, 5.45pm
It's a dramatic Christmas in soapland. If your drama of choice is Emmerdale, you can look forward to a Christmas surprise for Ashley and the Thomas famiily.
Meanwhile, Zak's reservations about moving away will be unveiled.
Strictly Come Dancing, BBC One, 6.45pm
What could be more Christmassy than the most sequinned show on TV?
Faces from past series return to battle it out for Strictly's festive trophy, including Pamela Stephenson, Ainsley Harriott and Denise Lewis.
Call The Midwife, BBC One, 8pm
Unexpectedly, the 1950s midwife drama is the place to go for your fix of winter sun this year.
The nuns head off to South Africa in a bid to save a struggling mission hospital on the Eastern Cape.
Richard Ayoade: Travel Man, Channel 4, 8pm
It's another one for people who wish they were somewhere warmer of Christmas day.
Ayoade, of IT Crowd fame, heads off to Florence with comedy actress Rebel Wilson.
Maigret's Dead Man, ITV, 9pm
It's a far cry from Mr Bean as Rowan Atkinson follows in the footsteps of Michael Gambon playing legendary French detective Maigret.
The feature-length period crime drama, based on the novel by Georges Simenon, will give you your fix of Christmas chills.
Gogglebox, Channel 4, 9pm
As the day draws to a close, it's time to sit down and watch other people watching telly.
This festive edition draws together some of the funniest and most memorable moments from this year's episodes of Gogglebox.


text:
RoadsideThoughts
A Gazetteer for the United States and Canada
Home >> State of Illinois >> Piatt County >> Lodge >> Community Profile Index
The Commemorative
Quarter for
Welcome to Lodge ...
Lodge is located in Piatt County<1>.
The location of Lodge has been provided by the Geographic Names Information System (ie- the GNIS).<2>
Lodge is 690 feet [210 m] above sea level.<3>.
Time Zone: Lodge lies in the Central Time Zone (CST/CDT) and observes daylight saving time
Note: If you travel east from Lodge (for example, toward State Line City (IN)), you will leave Central Time and cross into the Eastern Time Zone (EST/EDT).
Lodge is located in the (217) area code.
Communities Also Named Lodge ...
Using our Gazetteer, we have found that there are 8 communities that are also named Lodge - they are located in Alberta, California, Missouri, Nova Scotia, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee and Virginia.
For more information, see our Tidbits & Trivia Page for Lodge.
Communities near Lodge ...
We have created a list of 10 communities that are near Lodge.
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Champaign
Champaign lies 16 miles [25.7 km]<4> to the east of Lodge.
Population from the 2020 Census: 89,390 people
Jump to Google Maps centered on Champaign
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Champaign<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Urbana
Urbana lies 18 miles [29 km]<4> to the east of Lodge.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Urbana
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Urbana<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mahomet
Mahomet lies 10 miles [16.1 km]<4> to the northeast of Lodge.
Population from the 2020 Census: 8,968 people
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Mahomet have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Mahomet
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Mahomet<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Savoy
Savoy lies 16 miles [25.7 km]<4> to the east of Lodge.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Savoy
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Savoy<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Monticello
Monticello lies 5 miles [8 km]<4> to the south of Lodge.
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Monticello have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Monticello
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Monticello<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Le Roy
Le Roy lies 19 miles [30.6 km]<4> to the northwest of Lodge.
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Le Roy have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Le Roy
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Le Roy<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Tolono
Tolono lies 17 miles [27.4 km]<4> to the southeast of Lodge.
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Tolono have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Tolono
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Tolono<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fisher
Fisher lies 18 miles [29 km]<4> to the northeast of Lodge.
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Fisher have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Fisher
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Fisher<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Farmer City
Farmer City lies 10 miles [16.1 km]<4> to the northwest of Lodge.
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Farmer City have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Farmer City
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Farmer City<5>
Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bement
Bement lies 12 miles [19.3 km]<4> to the south of Lodge.
Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Bement have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
Jump to Google Maps centered on Bement
Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bement<5>
To Help With Your Genealogy Research ...
We have a couple of sections for those tracing their genealogy.
We created a list of cemeteries that are in the area around Lodge. Our list includes the location of those cemeteries and we provide an overhead view. See our Cemetery List for Lodge.
Using the information from an 1895 Atlas, we've created a list of communities that were in the area of Lodge. Our list includes information such as whether the 1895 community had a post office or railroad service. See our List of 1890's Communities around Lodge.
We also have a detailed list of newspapers that have been published in the area around Lodge. See our Newspapers Page for Lodge.
TripAdvisor Tourism Pages for Lodge ...
Looking for more information about Lodge? A wonderful source is the TripAdvisor website. We always start with the TripAdvisor Tourism page, where you can read an overview with links that will help you find lodging, restaurants and attractions.
While we are unaware of a Tourism page that is specific to Lodge, there are neighboring communities that do have Tourism pages. A map of those communities can be found with our TripAdvisor Page for Lodge.
Adding Lodge to Our Gazetteer ...
We originally found mention of Lodge in both the FIPS-55 and the GNIS. For more information, see the FIPS and GNIS Codes sections on our Miscellaneous Page.
In addition, our notes show that the earliest dated mention that we've found for Lodge was on a map titled Rand McNally Map (1881).
We also found Lodge in the Business Atlas and Shippers' Guide (1895).
For more details about the above, see References and Mentions for Lodge on our Genealogy Page.
Off-the-Road Links ...
Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Lodge. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.
The official website for Piatt County: www.piattcounty.org/
The official website for State of Illinois: https://illinois.gov
Footnotes ...
<1> If you're interested in how the shape of Illinois' counties, including Piatt, have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.
<2> The location has been supplied by the Geographic Names Information System - which is maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). While these values should be definitive, we have found that accuracy can vary and you should double-check the location if accuracy is required.
<3> The elevation is an estimate for the area around Lodge - it will be higher in some places and lower in others.
<4> Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line from Point A (ie- Lodge) to Point B.Our distance measurements begin at a specific point in Lodge. The point we use is located at these GPS coordinates - Latitude: 40.1061, Longitude: -88.5601 In this case, the coordinates for Lodge have been provided by the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS).
<5> While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
In closing, please keep in mind that we can not guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of the information on this website, so use with care. We encourage you to double-check the information that is critical to you.
If you've found an error or have additional information that you would like to share, please don't hesitate to write: Click here to contact us.
This page was last modified/updated: 26 Jan 2023
We're sorry, navigation for this website requires JavaScript and your browser does not support it.


text:
Skyview lineman Brett Gray commits to Valparaiso for football
Skyview lineman Brett Gray announced Tuesday he has made a verbal commitment to play football for Valparaiso. "I have blessed with this opportunity to play (Division 1) college football," Gray posted on social media Tuesday. "And with that being said, I have decided to commit to Valparaiso University. Go Crusaders." Valparaiso, located in Indiana, plays […]
Links to our Friday Night Flashback series looking at classic prep football games
The fall of 2020 has been a tough one in Southwest Washington for high school football fans. But to help bridge the gap left by an absence of prep football this fall, The Columbian has been revisiting classic games from past years. Here are the links to all the game's we've flashbacked on this fall. […]
Oregon delays the return of high school sports to March
Oregon has decided to push back the return of high school sports until March 1, the Oregon School Activities Association announced Monday. The revised calendar will include three shortened seasons, starting with competition March 1 in traditional fall sports. A second season of traditional spring sports will begin April 17, and the calendar will conclude […]
Top college football prospects from Southwest Washington in Class of 2021
The early signing period for college football was Dec. 16-18. Three local players signed with their preferred college program. Others are still being recruited. More players are hoping for the high school season to put their skills on display and get more offers. Here is a list of the top high school senior prospects in […]
Jesse Norris hired as new girls basketball coach at Columbia River
Jesse Norris, an junior varsity coach at Washougal and Ridgefield high schools, has been hired as the varsity girls basketball coach at Columbia River High School, the school announced Friday. Norris was the JV girls coach at Washougal in 2017-18 to 2018-19 and was the JV boys coach at Ridgefield last season. Norris replaces Will […]
Texas high school football player attacks referee after being ejected from game
EDINBURG, Texas (AP) — A Texas high school football player charged onto the field and bowled over a referee Thursday night, angered after being ejected from the game. Senior defensive lineman Emmanuel Duron of Edinburg High School came running from the sideline area after the referee announced the ejection, slamming into the official during the first half […]


text:
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Additional Concern Initiations in General Surgery Visits: A Longitudinal Analysis of Doctor-Patient Communication
White, Anne Elizabeth Clark
Advisor(s): Heritage, John
This dissertation analyzes video-recordings of general surgery office visits in order to investigate when and how patients initiate additional concerns, and investigates why some patient-initiated additional concerns are more likely to receive the surgeon's help than others. This dissertation also examines how surgeons themselves initiate additional concerns during the office visit, and the interactional dilemmas they face when telling the patient about this new area of concern. In other words, how do patients and doctors try to introduce extras into the interactions, how do they formulate them as legitimate, and how are they recognizable?
Additional concerns are medical problems (e.g., pain, skin lesions, hernias) that are seemingly unrelated to the main reason for the visit. This analysis utilized a mixed-methodology approach combining Conversation Analysis, ethnography, interviews, and statistics. Data are video recordings of pre- and post-operative office visits for hernia repairs, colonoscopies, and cholecystectomies, with a longitudinal focus of following patients across consecutive visits.� This community-based study, set in rural Texas, serves as an example of the importance of incorporating the setting and context into analysis, and shows that rural patients raise additional concerns frequently and early in their visits.
Patient-initiations of additional concerns were analyzed by looking at their turn design and position in order to assess what characteristics contributed to them receiving "help" by their general surgeon. This analysis identified where in the visit's phase-structure these concerns arose and three methods patients used to launch them: fitted to method, fitted to topic, or disjunctive. Each concern was coded and analyzed for a variety of design features (e.g., lexical choice, social action, first or subsequent mentions) and contextual factors (e.g., concern falls inside or outside the surgeon's domain of expertise, patient mentions another doctor in relation to this concern, the degree of the relationship between the surgeon and patient). In total, 62 patients spanning 175 visits were coded with 377 patient-initiated concerns found. 188 of them ultimately received help.
Next, surgeon-initiations of additional concerns were analyzed for their turn-design, position, and function, with a focus on when surgeons perceptually notice a physical abnormality on the patient's body and how they discussed this with their patient. Only 22 surgeon-initiated additional concerns were found in the data collection, and this analysis argues that this is because surgeons orient to raising additional concerns as first-position dispreferred actions. As the analysis reveals, surgeons must cope with several interactional dilemmas when presenting them, including patient awareness, rights to assess, health optimization, and other contextual factors. By investigating how rural patients and surgeons initiate and discuss additional concerns, this dissertation shows how the surgeon's domain of practice consists of permeable boundaries that are negotiated, constituted, and enacted during visits.
Decoding the genome of disordered materials
Zhou, Qi
Advisor(s): Bauchy, Mathieu
A Correlational Analysis of the Recovery from Sleep Deprivation across a Panel of Inbred Mouse Strains
Trotter, Damion
Advisor(s): Paul, Ketema N
Black Women's Vulnerability to Heart Disease: Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and the Social Determinants of Health�
Maszewski, Kira Ajiah
Advisor(s): Allen, Walter R
Loanword accentuation in Japanese: Corpus study, modeling, and experiments
Katsuda, Hironori
Advisor(s): Hayes, Bruce;
Jun, Sun-Ah
Porous Electrospray Fluid Mechanics
Wright, Peter Lloyd
Advisor(s): Wirz, Richard E


text:
Help Us Reach Into The Darkness With The Light Of Christ
URGENT: RUN teams in the Middle East need your prayer and financial support!
Thousands of brave and bold Jesus followers are crucial to RUN Ministries' efforts to reach EVERY PERSON and EVERY PLACE. In the Middle East, RUN leaders are asking for prayer support from fellow Christians in America. Prayers for protection and provision are urgently need to break the darkness and share the gospel.
You also can help by supporting their efforts financially. A gift of just $50 will provide for the needs of a RUN worker who is risking everything to share the gospel. This month, I'm trusting God for $50,000 to empower 1,000 RUN workers who can reach into the darkness and share the light of Christ.
Will you please support these brothers and sisters with your gift of $50, $100, or even $500 today? Your tax-deductible contribution of any amount is crucial to Jesus followers risking everything to bring peace to the Middle East, Israel, and America.
Simply complete the form below to donate now by credit or debit card. To support this important initiative by check, simply print this page and mail it to: RUN Ministries, "Reach Into The Darkness" Fund, P.O. Box 6543, Virginia Beach, VA 23456.
Organization (optional)
Contributions are tax deductible. Your donation supports RUN Ministries' rescue and relief efforts in northern Iraq and our other global efforts.
Expires 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 1 - January 2 - February 3 - March 4 - April 5 - May 6 - June 7 - July 8 - August 9 - September 10 - October 11 - November 12 - December
CVV (not required)
© 2020 RUN Ministries - Privacy Policy - Terms of Use -


text:
Q: android listactivity onCheckedChangeListener I'm developing an app and I have one ListActivity, which has choice mode set to choice_mode_multiple. now i want to override method, which is called when one item is checked/unchecked, and I've found out that onCheckChanged() method is implemented only for RadioGroup and compund Button. how can I override something like this in ListActivity? or do I have to implement my own Adapter? thanks

A: Use  isItemChecked (int position) or setItemChecked(int position, boolean value) if you using standart array adapter and SINGLE or MULTIPLE choise mode. http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/AbsListView.html#isItemChecked(int)
Also you can create your custom adapter and inflate row layout with checkbox that can hold onClickListener and CheckedChangedListener.
Use search to find example.

A: Set onlistitemclick listener to listview , then in itemclick method you can get     mylistView.getCheckedItemCount() , write the code of the operation to be performed.
If this is not clear let me know what you want to implement when item is checked.
mylistView = (ListView)customView.findViewById(R.id.mylist);
mylistView.setAdapter(mFolderAdapter);

mylistView.setChoiceMode(ListView.CHOICE_MODE_MULTIPLE);

mylistView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View v,
                        int arg2, long arg3) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                        if(mylistView.isItemChecked(arg2)){

  //Dooperation

                            }
// or
if(mylistView.getCheckedItemCount()>1){
  //Dooperation
}

                }
            });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This is a matter of major public interest and I think it is legitimate for the public to want to know from Mr and Mrs Askham, 'What did it feel like, what were you symptoms, where did you catch it?' and I am very uneasy – not just about this particular case but the precedent it is setting – that issues that ought to be in the public domain, that you shouldn't have to buy a particular newspaper to find out about, are being monopolised and are being sold to the highest bidder.
This is overstating the value of the Askhams and the power of the Clifford by quite a lot: there's nothing they can tell about their experience that's more in the public interest than the information which epidemiologists and doctors can supply, and there's nothing they can say in an exclusive that won't be carried by every media outlet at the next print run or broadcast. But he's got a point – anything which restricts the freedom of the press to ask important questions is conceivably a bad thing for reporting. I read Ian Hislop and Alan Rusbriger's evidence to the select committee on culture, media and sport and nod my thoughtful little head at their concerns about the suppressive effect of a possible privacy law.
The media's not this hungry beast waiting to spit people out if they've got a story to tell. I can't imagine that there'd be a newspaper or TV or radio station that would want to take Mr and Mrs Askham to the cleaners. They'd wanna help them tell their story. […] When we've got issues like this where there are members of the public who are caught up in matters of major public interest, they don't need media protection.
This, by the way, is a media including the same organs that libeled someone who happened to be nearby when a child went missing, dug out discrediting stories on victims of police brutality, pillaged Facebook to tell their readers how shameful teenagers are, and, when they can't turn up the information they're hoping for, turns to wiretaps and computer monitoring to find it. You know, that old trustworthy media. Clifford's counter-argument was that the subjects of a story deserve to see some of the financial benefit their story will bring to the press. Maybe they do. But until there's some kind of buddy system to help people negotiate unexpected press interest – or, I don't know, a regulatory body that does its job – Clifford is maybe the best investment you could make in a situation like the Askhams', however much he offends your journalistic ideals.
Good point! My instincts are to distrust Clifford and his ilk, but you are right in this case.
I see a movie, Press Busters! With Clifford in the Bill Murray role and Matthew Freud as Dan Ackroyd. And The Daily Mail as the Stay-Puffed Marshmallow Man, the very incarnation of Fear!


Copper Mining and Extraction Sulfide Ores. This KS3 eduion resource looks at copper mining, extraction and pyroprocessing of sulfide ores. It is valuable enough to ship to other plants and other countries for processing.
copper beneficiation plant calculations - visaaustraliaasia, 2016 copper molybdenum ore beneficiation plant copper, (ore extraction + beneficiation plant), Stabiliser increased the recovery of Copper and Gold by .
successfully used for the beneficiation of certain types of gold ores in Turkey . .. recovery rates generally increase under higher lixiviant concentrations, manganese, calcium and potassium in copper and nickel ore leaching, Framework concept of a BAT, in line with its definition, is to identify available techniques,.
quartz beneficiation plants jobs in india. increased copper extraction in copper ore beneficiation plants; . chrome beneficiation plant manufacturers in india . Quartz Beneficiation Plants Jobs In India. Get Price And Support Online; copper ore beneficiation plant manufacturer india.
sx ew copper extraction beneficiation plant - gnycoin. sx ew copper extraction beneficiation plant, sx ew copper extraction beneficiation plant - sayorain increased copper extraction in copper ore beneficiation .
increased copper extraction in copper ore beneficiation … extraction and beneficiation of ores and minerals volume 4, 14 copper extraction and beneficiation practices, 334 dump/heap leach and sx/ew plant .
iron ore beneficiation plant · copper ore processing plant . copper flotation machine for ore processing concentrate plant with good price. Add to Compare . Shicheng Gandong Mining Equipment Machinery Manufacturer.


VAC-U-MAX provides solutions for the metalworking industry with its complete industrial sump vacuum cleaner system that increases coolant life as well as extends machine tool filtration systems by cleaning fluids and removing metal chips and swarf at one to two gallons per second (60-120 GPM). Operators can quickly empty machine tool sumps, machining beds, oil/water separators, parts washers, rinse tanks and clean up liquid spills. Solid particles are separated from collected liquid with the VAC-U-MAX chip basket and liner. With the turn of a lever, this industrial sump vacuum cleaner will pump out the liquid contents of the drum through the discharge hose to a central filtration system for coolant/oils or approved floor drain up to 14 gallons per minute. Use of these vacuums, commonly referred to as a sump sucker, reduces the amount of accumulation of chips and fines in the sump reducing bacterial and fungal growth keeping workers safer. These systems are also ideal for larger metalworking jobs, such as high-speed milling of aircraft wings, where fluid must be removed from cavities in order to take precision measurements. The air operated portable industrial sump vacuum cleaner allows operators to return coolant to the machine tool sump, or transport the vacuum to a central sump pump filtration system. The dispensing nozzle on the pump-out hose puts you in control of where and when the fluid comes out, reducing operator exposure to bacteria and dermatitis when emptying machine tool sumps, machining beds, oil/water separators, parts washers, rinse tanks and cleaning up liquid spills. Dual swivel casters makes the 26" wide unit easy to move and its compact size gets close to the machine tools and sumps keeping vacuum hoses as short as possible. The smoothbore hoses prevent accumulation of liquids and chips and slotted holes in the cart base prevent pooling of fluid. For bigger sump pump system jobs like under the floor sump pits where sand-like semi-solid material forms when residual particulates and chips settle in the bottom of a sump, a continuous duty industrial sump vacuum cleaner system that facilitate high volume recovery of up to 5 tons per hour reduces the downtime necessary to remove sludge and protects workers from ergonomic issues associated with shoveling masses of sludge. These pits are ideal breeding grounds for harmful bacteria and fungus that endangers workers' health, shortens the life of metalworking fluids, interferes with machine function and can eventually plug fluid lines. According to tool manufacturers, dirty machine coolant can cause a loss of as much as 10 percent of the cost of tools each year. There is no single industrial vacuum that does everything in the metals industry, but there are vacuum cleaning solutions appropriate for nearly every application. Consulting with an industrial vacuum specialist about machine center needs will lead to ideal solutions to increase uptime, create a healthier workplace and preserve expensive equipment and materials. If you are looking for a sump sucker or for more information about the new compressed air powered 55MW industrial sump vacuum cleaner for cleaning fluids or solids or a combination of both with the included VAC-U-MAX Chip Basket and Liner contact 1800-VAC-U-MAX (822-8629) or visit our website at www.vac-u-max.com.


The First Person You Have to Learn to Sell to is You!
This short excerpt comes from my sales training book for relationship selling, Just Treat Me Like I Matter: The Heart of Sales. And it was not until my book was complete, did I really realize what I had written. The theme of my book appeared in a testimonial from Pat McQuillan, Owner and CFO for Bay Plumbing Supply in Santa Cruz, CA. Pat said, "Diane has tapped into a new resource for selling – YOURSELF. This is a refreshing new outlook for the sales professional to look deep inside yourself and truly believe in what you are selling…" Now as I go back to my book, as I do, over and over again, I see that Pat was absolutely right. I am teaching salespeople how to become sales professionals, by teaching them how to market the best product they will ever have to market. And that product is YOU!
In these tough economic times, there are many people who are out of work, or they are employed in positions that are below or do not fit their capacities and talents. So, as a sales trainer, coach and mentor, what advice can I give, to assist you, in these hard times? Take some time to tap into the best product you have to offer: YOU!
First and foremost: Give thanks for what you do have. Write your list down, if you wish, and you will be pleasantly surprised that you do have a lot to be thankful for!
Sit quietly and listen to what comes in, pray, or meditate.
Get acquainted and very honest with yourself.
Journal your feelings and concerns.
· Pay attention to your attitude and the self-talk that is chattering in your head. Is it either, more positive or more negative? I say there are only two things we have any control of in this life. One is our actions and the other is our attitude. And both come from what we think. So listen to what you hear and if you like it, enhance it. And if it sounds like "stinkin-thinkin," change it! Do not wait for anyone to save you or rescue you. With each negative thought that comes in, answer it with a positive one. Facing this feat takes self-awareness and self-discipline. Accomplishing this change come from the desire, belief and willingness to want to transform.
· As you start to counteract any negativity, bring in the positive. Start visualizing or focusing yourself for a great day of success. Become your own life coach and mentor. Tell yourself, "You can do it. You can become more upbeat and have a more positive outlook. Yes, you are what you think! So make your self-talk positive!
· Make personal enrichment one of your primary intentions and/or priorities? Each day make it a habit to take time to feed and/or nurture yourself for your personal and professional growth and development?
Read at least 10 pages from a good personal growth book.
Listen to a CD in your car or headset.
Find like-minded people that want to improve their life and work together.
· Grow to love the process. Grow to love the journey. Personally, I have grown to be much gentler and easier with myself, especially in tough times and challenging circumstances.
I have realized that every personal challenge I face offers me an opportunity to learn and mature with grace. See yourself as a "work in progress." Look at your life as an opportunity for growth, evolvement and transition. As I taught my three boys when they were growing up, there are no such thing as a problem as long as they learned a lesson from the experience. And with each lesson learned they would receive a new tool to add to their toolbox for living their life. And that new tool would be their gift from learning the lesson from the bad experience.
· Create your dream or vision, and commit your heart to it. It is your thoughts that form your life, and it is your inner feelings that will manifest the results you want for your life. You design the blueprint for your life, for your future. So visualize your path, your journey to success. Program yourself for what you want your life to be, and make it happen! Your success starts with planting the idea or seed of how you want things to be. By aligning your inner desires and passions with your self talk, ultimately your desires will be realized. Be imaginative, be creative, and be disciplined in your process. True to your heart, lock in your intent and remain unbending for achieving your desired outcome. It will pay off!
· Remember, all life decisions are choices. Your life is constantly offering you options; you get to set your own intentions, then make your own choices. That's one of the gifts of your existence. So, no excuses – ultimately you do choose! And doing nothing is still a choice!
I know these behaviors and disciplines are not an easy assignment when you are worrying about, how are you going to pay your bills. But, they are an absolute must for your personal survival. And they certainly can't hurt you.


text:
Die Rogatka Strait (, ) ist eine mindestens 400 m breite Meerenge vor der Knox-Küste des ostantarktischen Wilkeslands. Sie verläuft östlich des Edisto-Kanals zwischen dem nordöstlichen Ausläufer der Thomas-Insel und dem Westufer der Booth-Halbinsel im Gebiet der Bunger-Oase.

Wissenschaftler einer sowjetischen Antarktisexpedition benannten sie 1956. Das Antarctic Names Committee of Australia übertrug diese Benennung 1992 ins Englische.

Weblinks
 Rogatka Strait im Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (englisch)

Meerenge (Südlicher Ozean)
Bunger-Oase
Meerenge in Antarktika

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Fancy a short break in France? With Eurotunnel numerous daily departures, and a 35 minute-journey between Folkestone and Calais, you can make the most of your time abroad.
By booking a short getaway with Direct Ferries, you can get amazing fares: return tickets are from just £59 for a standard car and up to 9 passengers!
Plan now a short break in France! Sail the Dover - Calais route with P&O Ferries, before the 31st March 2019 and benefit from amazing prices, when booking with Direct Ferries.
Travel to and from Northern Ireland with P&O Ferries and SAVE 20% when booking with Direct Ferries.
Plan a short getaway in Western France! You can benefit from this amazing Winter Channel Hop offer, when sailing with Brittany Ferries.
Travel to Northern Ireland this winter, for Christmas or at any point throughout 2019 with Stena Line and save up to 20% when you book early with Direct Ferries!
Plan a shopping trip in France with Brittany Ferries, as standard 24-hour return fares have been reduced for a limited period of time.


Like many other website SimplyCert (the "Site") website uses session cookies as well as persistent cookies. These cookies help with website navigation and performing certain functions, such as allowing our site to authenticate you if you log in to a secure area of our website.
What Cookies Does SimplyCert Use?


text:
Q: Bazel builds from scratch ignoring cache I observe that my Bazel build agent frequently builds the project from scratch (including compiling grpc, which keeps unchanged) instead of taking results from cache. Is there a way, like query or cquery (pardon my ignorance) to determine why is the cache considered invalid for particular target? Or any techniques to tackle cache invalidation problem?

A: This is How the bazel build works :
When running a build or a test, Bazel does the following: Loads the BUILD files relevant to the target. Analyzes the inputs and their dependencies, applies the specified build rules, and produces an action graph. Executes the build actions on the inputs until the final build outputs are produced.

If you are having any clear assumptions can you please share the complete details!

A: This is most likely due to the rebuild sensitivity to particular environment variables. Many build actions will read from environment variables and use them to change the outputs. Bazel keeps track of this and will rebuild seemingly unchanged remote targets when your env changes.
To demonstrate this;

*

*Build grpc (2x ensure it is cached the second time)

*Change the PATH environment variable (your IDE may do this without you knowing)

*

*mkdir ~/bin && export PATH=$PATH:~/bin

*Rebuild grpc (This should trigger a complete rebuild)

There are a couple helpful flags to combat this rebuild sensitivity, and I'd recommend adding them to your bazelrc.

*

*incompatible_strict_action_env: Freezes your environment and doesn't source environment variables from your shell.

*action_env modify environment variables as needed for you build.

# file //.bazelrc

# Don't source environment from shell
build --incompatible_strict_action_env

# Use action_env as needed for your project
build --action_env=CC=clang


This study was conducted to examine the relationship that existed between domestic violence incidents involving National Football League (NFL) players and the popularity of the league. With more media coverage on players' off the field exploits there was potential that players committing crimes as heinous as domestic violence was having an impact on how fans consumed the NFL's products. This was initially sparked by the widely publicized incident featuring former Baltimore Ravens running back, Ray Rice. As the league struggled to figure out on how to best handle player discipline for domestic violence the public opinion of the NFL diminished.
Fan behavior was the measurable component for NFL popularity and was examined by looking at metrics such as television viewership and game attendance. Domestic violence incidents were totaled from an NFL player arrest database. The incidents were examined for physical violence and any resulting player releases. By compiling secondary data describing fan behavior and comparing it to total domestic violence incidents among NFL players it could be seen that fan behavior was generally unchanged by NFL players committing domestic violence. The study provided a look into the impact of players off field behavior on the business of the NFL.
What was found was there was not conclusive evidence that a relationship between domestic violence in the NFL and the league's popularity exists. Despite predictions that fan behavior display a noticeable change in relation to domestic violence incidents in the NFL, the data did not reflect such a finding, and statistical tests did not reflect a significant relationship. For the NFL, it may reveal that behavior of their fans, such as attending games or consuming NFL products from home, may not be hampered by the off the field follies of the league's players. However, having already weathered a storm of criticism regarding the league's policies and demeanor towards domestic violence, understanding how people respond to such incidents could prove critical for the NFL long term.
Coyne, James, "Domestic Violence in the National Football League" (2017). Sport Management Undergraduate. Paper 132.


Duck Canoe operates off of the same property as Howlin' Hill. Duck Canoe offer canoe and kayak rentals for a 5 mile paddle from Milltown Dam to the beach at Howlin' Hill. Howlin' Hill hosts about 40 tent / hammock primative campsites as well as a large outdoor stage where they host live music.