I recycle the soil I grow micro greens in, by composting it or selling it. I dump my trays on my compost pile, or I give the soil mat with all the left over bits and pieces to my chickens. I then add their bedding (I use hay only. I don't use any wood chips for bedding, a recommendation from Eliot Coleman's book, to my compost pile. I add nothing to my compost other than organic matter. Nature does the rest.
Once everything is broken down, I sift the compost and package it in small bags. I include 2 muslin bags, instructions and sell it at farmers markets as "Henrietta's Compost Tea." Gardeners and people that have house plants are my target market. Its not a great seller, but I sell enough to keep it going.
Some micro's leaves are heavier (per oz) than others. For example, sunflower shoots weigh more than horseradish and chia, so I get more money per oz for sunflowers than I do for horseradish and chia. On the other hand, if a customer wants lighter weight micros they are getting a great bargain from me because they are getting a lot of greens per oz. In general I get approx 4 – 6 oz per tray @ $2.00 per/oz depending on the green.
If someone asks for the whole tray, and I'm never going to see them again, its a flat $20.00. I re-use my trays and recycle my soil, so I don't like to give up my trays. Trays and soil aren't cheap and I realize I'm selling my micros on the low end so I really need to be frugal with everything that I do.
However, I have a customer that always returns my trays (and soil) every week faithfully so I just charge her the per oz amount.
I try and get 3 cuttings from my arugula, depending on how hot it is before clearing the bed. The more you cut the more fibrous the arugula gets. So I try to stay on the more tender side of things. The Chef I work with only accepts first cuttings because they are the tenderest and not as spicy.
I've found mustard greens can also handle multiple cuttings but will eventually get really fibrous and bolt in really hot weather. But I did well with it, and I was glad I didn't have to replant another bed every 14 day plus days.
I use the # 10 size Pac Sell bag, which is big enough to hold 1 lb. of greens, which is the quantity I sell to my restaurant client. For the farmers market , I use the same #10 bag, but only put 4 oz. of greens in them. Last year I put 5 oz. of greens in the bags, but people complained 5 oz. was too much to eat in a week.
Electrical conduit pipes work great for hoops. That's all we use on our beds, and they survived Connecticut's "Big Snow" last year. We used metal brackets and bolted them to the outside of bed and then used zip ties to hold the cross pipes together. Worked like a charm. They can also be pushed into the ground if you don't have boxed beds.
We found the pipes at our local Home Depot for 0.95 each for 3/4 inch pipes – which is cheaper and more flexible than PVC pipes. The electrical conduit pipes are grey in color and in the same isle as the zip ties. At least that's where they are in our store. The other place I've found them is in the plumbing aisle with the rest of the PVC pipes. Just remember you want the grey pipes not white.
researched books and designs and found some books that were helpful.
• The Winter Harvest and The Four Season Harvest – Eliot Coleman. He lacks some of the details we needed to construct a greenhouse. Having said that, I loved his idea of using plastic electrical conduit pipes for quick hoops and it works well. These are different from the white PVC pipes they are grey in color and very flexible. We found ¾ inch pipes worked well. Eliot recommends ½ inch to ¾ inch pipes depending on what you are using them for. They're cheap and hold up well in Connecticut winters. I paid 0.95 per pipe at Home Depot.
• The Polytunnel Handbook by Andy McKee & Mark Gatter. They are from the UK and have great ideas for greenhouse layout and making quick doors.
• The Hoophouse Handbook: Growing Produce and Flowers in Hoophouses and High Tunnels by Lynn Byczynski. This book is not long. I liked the drawings on the construction and we were able to adapt somethings to our project.
Between these resources, and what I found online, we constructed a beautiful green house that survived the big snow of 2010. Now I hope it survives Hurricane Irene this weekend. Yikes!


text:
/* Skyrim family-specific USB-C configuration */

#include "battery_fuel_gauge.h"
#include "charge_manager.h"
#include "charge_ramp.h"
#include "charge_state.h"
#include "charge_state_v2.h"
#include "charger.h"
#include "cros_board_info.h"
#include "cros_cbi.h"
#include "driver/bc12/pi3usb9201.h"
#include "driver/charger/isl9241.h"
#include "driver/ppc/nx20p348x.h"
#include "driver/retimer/anx7483_public.h"
#include "driver/retimer/ps8811.h"
#include "driver/retimer/ps8818_public.h"
#include "driver/tcpm/nct38xx.h"
#include "driver/usb_mux/amd_fp6.h"
#include "gpio/gpio_int.h"
#include "hooks.h"
#include "ioexpander.h"
#include "power.h"
#include "usb_mux.h"
#include "usb_pd_tcpm.h"
#include "usbc/usb_muxes.h"
#include "usbc_ppc.h"

#include <zephyr/drivers/gpio.h>

#define CPRINTSUSB(format, args...) cprints(CC_USBCHARGE, format, ##args)
#define CPRINTFUSB(format, args...) cprintf(CC_USBCHARGE, format, ##args)

/* USB-A ports */
enum usba_port { USBA_PORT_A0 = 0, USBA_PORT_A1, USBA_PORT_COUNT };

/* USB-C ports */
enum usbc_port { USBC_PORT_C0 = 0, USBC_PORT_C1, USBC_PORT_COUNT };
BUILD_ASSERT(USBC_PORT_COUNT == CONFIG_USB_PD_PORT_MAX_COUNT);

static void reset_nct38xx_port(int port);

static void usbc_interrupt_init(void)
{
	/* Enable PPC interrupts. */
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c0_ppc));
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c1_ppc));

	/* Enable TCPC interrupts. */
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c0_tcpc));
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c1_tcpc));

	/* Enable BC 1.2 interrupts */
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c0_bc12));
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c1_bc12));

	/* Enable SBU fault interrupts */
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c0_sbu_fault));
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_c1_sbu_fault));
}
DECLARE_HOOK(HOOK_INIT, usbc_interrupt_init, HOOK_PRIO_POST_I2C);

static void usb_fault_interrupt_init(void)
{
	/* Enable USB fault interrupts when we hit S5 */
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_hub_fault));
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_a0_fault));
	gpio_enable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_a1_fault));
}
DECLARE_HOOK(HOOK_CHIPSET_STARTUP, usb_fault_interrupt_init, HOOK_PRIO_DEFAULT);

static void usb_fault_interrupt_disable(void)
{
	/* Disable USB fault interrupts leaving S5 */
	gpio_disable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_hub_fault));
	gpio_disable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_a0_fault));
	gpio_disable_dt_interrupt(GPIO_INT_FROM_NODELABEL(int_usb_a1_fault));
}
DECLARE_HOOK(HOOK_CHIPSET_SHUTDOWN, usb_fault_interrupt_disable,
	     HOOK_PRIO_DEFAULT);

int board_set_active_charge_port(int port)
{
	int is_valid_port = (port >= 0 && port < CONFIG_USB_PD_PORT_MAX_COUNT);
	int i;
	int rv;

	if (port == CHARGE_PORT_NONE) {
		CPRINTSUSB("Disabling all charger ports");

		/* Disable all ports. */
		for (i = 0; i < ppc_cnt; i++) {
			/*
			 * If this port had booted in dead battery mode, go
			 * ahead and reset it so EN_SNK responds properly.
			 */
			if (nct38xx_get_boot_type(i) ==
			    NCT38XX_BOOT_DEAD_BATTERY) {
				reset_nct38xx_port(i);
				pd_set_error_recovery(i);
			}

			/*
			 * Do not return early if one fails otherwise we can
			 * get into a boot loop assertion failure.
			 */
			if (ppc_vbus_sink_enable(i, 0))
				CPRINTSUSB("Disabling C%d as sink failed.", i);
		}

		return EC_SUCCESS;
	} else if (!is_valid_port) {
		return EC_ERROR_INVAL;
	}

	/*
	 * Check if we can reset any ports in dead battery mode
	 *
	 * The NCT3807 may continue to keep EN_SNK low on the dead battery port
	 * and allow a dangerous level of voltage to pass through to the initial
	 * charge port (see b/183660105).  We must reset the ports if we have
	 * sufficient battery to do so, which will bring EN_SNK back under
	 * normal control.
	 */
	rv = EC_SUCCESS;
	for (i = 0; i < board_get_usb_pd_port_count(); i++) {
		if (nct38xx_get_boot_type(i) == NCT38XX_BOOT_DEAD_BATTERY) {
			CPRINTSUSB("Found dead battery on %d", i);
			/*
			 * If we have battery, get this port reset ASAP.
			 * This means temporarily rejecting charge manager
			 * sets to it.
			 */
			if (pd_is_battery_capable()) {
				reset_nct38xx_port(i);
				pd_set_error_recovery(i);

				if (port == i)
					rv = EC_ERROR_INVAL;
			} else if (port != i) {
				/*
				 * If other port is selected and in dead battery
				 * mode, reset this port.  Otherwise, reject
				 * change because we'll brown out.
				 */
				if (nct38xx_get_boot_type(port) ==
				    NCT38XX_BOOT_DEAD_BATTERY) {
					reset_nct38xx_port(i);
					pd_set_error_recovery(i);
				} else {
					rv = EC_ERROR_INVAL;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if (rv != EC_SUCCESS)
		return rv;

	/* Check if the port is sourcing VBUS. */
	if (tcpm_get_src_ctrl(port)) {
		CPRINTSUSB("Skip enable C%d", port);
		return EC_ERROR_INVAL;
	}

	CPRINTSUSB("New charge port: C%d", port);

	/*
	 * Turn off the other ports' sink path FETs, before enabling the
	 * requested charge port.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < ppc_cnt; i++) {
		if (i == port)
			continue;

		if (ppc_vbus_sink_enable(i, 0))
			CPRINTSUSB("C%d: sink path disable failed.", i);
	}

	/* Enable requested charge port. */
	if (ppc_vbus_sink_enable(port, 1)) {
		CPRINTSUSB("C%d: sink path enable failed.", port);
		return EC_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
	}

	return EC_SUCCESS;
}

void sbu_fault_interrupt(enum gpio_signal signal)
{
	int port = signal == IOEX_USB_C1_FAULT_ODL ? 1 : 0;

	CPRINTSUSB("C%d: SBU fault", port);
	pd_handle_overcurrent(port);
}

void usb_fault_interrupt(enum gpio_signal signal)
{
	int out;

	CPRINTSUSB("USB fault(%d), alerting the SoC", signal);
	out = gpio_pin_get_dt(
		      GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(gpio_usb_hub_fault_q_odl)) &&
	      gpio_pin_get_dt(GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(ioex_usb_a0_fault_odl)) &&
	      gpio_pin_get_dt(GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(ioex_usb_a1_fault_db_odl));

	gpio_pin_set_dt(GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(gpio_usb_fault_odl), out);
}

void usb_pd_soc_interrupt(enum gpio_signal signal)
{
	/*
	 * This interrupt is unexpected with our use of the SoC mux, so just log
	 * it as a point of interest.
	 */
	CPRINTSUSB("SOC PD Interrupt");
}

#ifdef CONFIG_CHARGER_ISL9241
/* Round up 3250 max current to multiple of 128mA for ISL9241 AC prochot. */
#define SKYRIM_AC_PROCHOT_CURRENT_MA 3328
static void set_ac_prochot(void)
{
	isl9241_set_ac_prochot(CHARGER_SOLO, SKYRIM_AC_PROCHOT_CURRENT_MA);
}
DECLARE_HOOK(HOOK_INIT, set_ac_prochot, HOOK_PRIO_DEFAULT);
#endif /* CONFIG_CHARGER_ISL9241 */

void tcpc_alert_event(enum gpio_signal signal)
{
	int port;

	switch (signal) {
	case GPIO_USB_C0_TCPC_INT_ODL:
		port = 0;
		break;
	case GPIO_USB_C1_TCPC_INT_ODL:
		port = 1;
		break;
	default:
		return;
	}

	schedule_deferred_pd_interrupt(port);
}

static void reset_nct38xx_port(int port)
{
	const struct gpio_dt_spec *reset_gpio_l;
	const struct device *ioex_port0, *ioex_port1;

	/* TODO(b/225189538): Save and restore ioex signals */
	if (port == USBC_PORT_C0) {
		reset_gpio_l = GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(gpio_usb_c0_tcpc_rst_l);
		ioex_port0 = DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_NODELABEL(ioex_c0_port0));
		ioex_port1 = DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_NODELABEL(ioex_c0_port1));
	} else if (port == USBC_PORT_C1) {
		reset_gpio_l = GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(gpio_usb_c1_tcpc_rst_l);
		ioex_port0 = DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_NODELABEL(ioex_c1_port0));
		ioex_port1 = DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_NODELABEL(ioex_c1_port1));
	} else {
		/* Invalid port: do nothing */
		return;
	}

	gpio_pin_set_dt(reset_gpio_l, 0);
	msleep(NCT38XX_RESET_HOLD_DELAY_MS);
	gpio_pin_set_dt(reset_gpio_l, 1);
	nct38xx_reset_notify(port);
	if (NCT3807_RESET_POST_DELAY_MS != 0)
		msleep(NCT3807_RESET_POST_DELAY_MS);

	/* Re-enable the IO expander pins */
	gpio_reset_port(ioex_port0);
	gpio_reset_port(ioex_port1);
}

void board_reset_pd_mcu(void)
{
	/* Reset TCPC0 */
	reset_nct38xx_port(USBC_PORT_C0);

	/* Reset TCPC1 */
	reset_nct38xx_port(USBC_PORT_C1);
}

uint16_t tcpc_get_alert_status(void)
{
	uint16_t status = 0;

	/*
	 * Check which port has the ALERT line set and ignore if that TCPC has
	 * its reset line active.
	 */
	if (!gpio_pin_get_dt(
		    GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(gpio_usb_c0_tcpc_int_odl))) {
		if (gpio_pin_get_dt(GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(
			    gpio_usb_c0_tcpc_rst_l)) != 0)
			status |= PD_STATUS_TCPC_ALERT_0;
	}

	if (!gpio_pin_get_dt(
		    GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(gpio_usb_c1_tcpc_int_odl))) {
		if (gpio_pin_get_dt(GPIO_DT_FROM_NODELABEL(
			    gpio_usb_c1_tcpc_rst_l)) != 0)
			status |= PD_STATUS_TCPC_ALERT_1;
	}

	return status;
}

void bc12_interrupt(enum gpio_signal signal)
{
	switch (signal) {
	case GPIO_USB_C0_BC12_INT_ODL:
		usb_charger_task_set_event(0, USB_CHG_EVENT_BC12);
		break;

	case GPIO_USB_C1_BC12_INT_ODL:
		usb_charger_task_set_event(1, USB_CHG_EVENT_BC12);
		break;

	default:
		break;
	}
}

/**
 * Return if VBUS is sagging too low
 *
 * For legacy BC1.2 charging with CONFIG_CHARGE_RAMP_SW, ramp up input current
 * until voltage drops to 4.5V. Don't go lower than this to be kind to the
 * charger (see b/67964166).
 */
#define BC12_MIN_VOLTAGE 4500
int board_is_vbus_too_low(int port, enum chg_ramp_vbus_state ramp_state)
{
	int voltage = 0;
	int rv;

	rv = charger_get_vbus_voltage(port, &voltage);

	if (rv) {
		CPRINTSUSB("%s rv=%d", __func__, rv);
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * b/168569046: The ISL9241 sometimes incorrectly reports 0 for unknown
	 * reason, causing ramp to stop at 0.5A. Workaround this by ignoring 0.
	 * This partly defeats the point of ramping, but will still catch
	 * VBUS below 4.5V and above 0V.
	 */
	if (voltage == 0) {
		CPRINTSUSB("%s vbus=0", __func__);
		return 0;
	}

	if (voltage < BC12_MIN_VOLTAGE)
		CPRINTSUSB("%s vbus=%d", __func__, voltage);

	return voltage < BC12_MIN_VOLTAGE;
}

#define SAFE_RESET_VBUS_DELAY_MS 900
#define SAFE_RESET_VBUS_MV 5000
void board_hibernate(void)
{
	int port;
	enum ec_error_list ret;

	/*
	 * If we are charging, then drop the Vbus level down to 5V to ensure
	 * that we don't get locked out of the 6.8V OVLO for our PPCs in
	 * dead-battery mode. This is needed when the TCPC/PPC rails go away.
	 * (b/79218851, b/143778351, b/147007265)
	 */
	port = charge_manager_get_active_charge_port();
	if (port != CHARGE_PORT_NONE) {
		pd_request_source_voltage(port, SAFE_RESET_VBUS_MV);

		/* Give PD task and PPC chip time to get to 5V */
		msleep(SAFE_RESET_VBUS_DELAY_MS);
	}

	/* Try to put our battery fuel gauge into sleep mode */
	ret = battery_sleep_fuel_gauge();
	if ((ret != EC_SUCCESS) && (ret != EC_ERROR_UNIMPLEMENTED))
		cprints(CC_SYSTEM, "Failed to send battery sleep command");
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


High school teacher currently on leave and world schooling my 3 kids in Africa.
Posted 06 months 23 days 02 hours 49 minutes ago.
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Our home is available for rent from January 18 until sometime in May (end date is flexible). May be available for shorter stays. $2000/month includes all utilities.
Fully furnished. 4 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms. Large backyard. Walkable neighbourhood.


text:
Q: How does PyNumber_Float handle an argument that is already a float? Documentation for PyNumber_Float (here) doesn't specify what happens if you pass in a PyObject* that points to another float.
e.g.
    PyObject* l = PyLong_FromLong( 101 );
    PyObject* outA = PyNumber_Float(l);
outA will point to a newly created float PyObject
(or if there already exists one with that value, I think it will point to that and just increment the reference counter)
However,
PyObject* f = PyFloat_FromDouble( 1.1 );
PyObject* outB = PyNumber_Float(f);

What happens here?

*

*Does it simply return the same pointer?

*Does it first increment the reference count and then return the same pointer?

*Or does it return a pointer to a new PyObject?

Is the behaviour guaranteed to be identical for the equivalent C-API calls for generating other primitives, such as Long, String, List, Dict, etc?
Finally, should the documentation clarify this situation? Would it be reasonable to file a doc-bug?

A: Thanks to haypo on the dev IRC channel, the following test shows that it returns the same object, with the reference counter incremented:
>>> x=1.1
>>> y=float(x)
>>> y is x, sys.getrefcount(x)-1, sys.getrefcount(y)-1
(True, 2, 2)

>>> y+=1
>>> y is x, sys.getrefcount(x)-1, sys.getrefcount(y)-1
(False, 1, 1)

Note: explanation of why refcount is one-too-high here
Note: x is y compares the memory address, "x is y" is the same as "id(x) == id(y)"
Of course it is possible that some assignment-operator optimisation is bypassing the application of float()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


General: Comes from a successful prep school … will look to make an immediate impact for the Tigers.
High School: Participated in volleyball, basketball, and track for six years … in basketball she collected 1,611 points, 724 assists, 493 rebounds and 579 steals … shot 27 percent from three-point range, 38 percent from the field and averaged 11.5 points per game in her career… in basketball she was a four-time All-Conference team member, won conference MVP award, Class AA State All-Tournament team, and is currently the fifth-leading scorer at TMB High School … in volleyball she received Minnesota All-State Team in 2017, Camden All-Conference team in 2017 and 2016, Marshall Independent First Team All-Area in 2017 … … was also a two-time state participant in the 1,600-meter relay … a three-year starter in volleyball … she recorded 187 kills, 1,404 digs, 117 ace serves.
Personal: Born Oct. 4, 1999 … daughter of Hondo and Pam Kirk … a nursing major.


text:
Selma (2014)
"Selma," as in Alabama, the place where segregation in the South was at its worst, leading to a march that ended in violence, forcing a famous statement by President Lyndon B. Johnson that ultimately led to the signing of the Civil Rights Act.
Director: Ava DuVernay
Actors: Alessandro Nivola, Carmen Ejogo, David Oyelowo, Giovanni Ribisi, Oprah Winfrey, Tim Roth, Tom Wilkinson
Country: France, UK, USA
The Last King of Scotland (2006)
Young Scottish doctor, Nicholas Garrigan decides it's time for an adventure after he finishes his formal education, so he decides to try his luck in Uganda, and arrives during the…
Country: Germany, UK
Genre: Biography, Drama, History, Thriller
My One and Only (2009)
A mother takes her two sons on an unusual road trip from New York. Pittsburgh, St. Louis and eventually Hollywood in her quest to find a man to take care…
Genre: Adventure, Biography, Comedy, Drama, Romance
John Rabe (2009)
A true-story account of a German businessman who saved more than 200,000 Chinese during the Nanjing massacre in 1937-38.
Country: China, France, Germany
Genre: Biography, Drama, History, War
The Right Stuff (1983)
A chronicle of the original Mercury astronauts in the formation of America's space program: Alan Shepherd, the first American in space; Gus Grissom, the benighted astronaut for whom nothing works…
Genre: Adventure, Biography, Drama, History
Prayers for Bobby (2009)
Bobby Griffith was his mother's favorite son, the perfect all-American boy growing up under deeply religious influences in Walnut Creek, California. Bobby was also gay. Struggling with a conflict no…
Genre: Biography, Drama, Romance
Heaven is for Real (2014)
The true story of the 4-year old son of a small-town pastor who, during emergency surgery, slips from consciousness and enters heaven. When he awakes, he recounts his experiences on…
A Walk in the Woods (2015)
After spending two decades in England, Bill Bryson returns to the U.S., where he decides the best way to connect with his homeland is to hike the Appalachian Trail with…
Genre: Adventure, Biography, Comedy, Drama
The Tibetans refer to the Dalai Lama as 'Kundun', which means 'The Presence'. He was forced to escape from his native home, Tibet, when communist China invaded and enforced an…
Country: Monaco, Morocco, USA
Julie & Julia (2009)
Julia Child and Julie Powell – both of whom wrote memoirs – find their lives intertwined. Though separated by time and space, both women are at loose ends… until they…
Taking Woodstock (2009)
The story of Elliot Tiber and his family, who inadvertently played a pivotal role in making the famed Woodstock Music and Arts Festival into the happening that it was. When…
Genre: Biography, Comedy, Drama, History, Music
Hitchcock (2012)
HITCHCOCK follows the relationship between director Alfred Hitchcock and his wife Alma Reville during the making of his most famous film, PSYCHO, and the trials and tribulations the director faced…
There Be Dragons (2011)
Arising out of the horror of the Spanish Civil War, a candidate for canonization is investigated by a journalist who discovers his own estranged father had a deep, dark and…
Country: Argentina, Spain, USA
Genre: Biography, Drama, War
Trailer: Selma (2014)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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If you are within the opposite end of the variety and bought a currently owned residence that needs the yard pick up, you can also rent the next day dumpster. Maybe you have gotten an offer on a household you want to repair that you bought due to foreclosed. Too bad your yard is really a complete mess and devastation. The garden will not look like it has been wiped out once you get your hands on it once you rent a overnight dumpster.
You can save dollars by searching for a Dumpster Rental in Ludlow, MA yourself, a high level homeowner, and also contractors know already where the very best Dumpster Rental in Ludlow, MA sites usually are. If you are a very first timer or even someone shopping to save some money, then the few rental internet sites online could quote which you good value and get a nearby dumpster of the correct size to your website as soon as possible. Almost all demo content that's taken off a home may be divided into about three types -- appliances and pantry shelves which may be re-cycled, actual junk, and resources which can be separated out directly into separate resources which may subsequently be mailed off to your recycler.
Maintain ample area for the dumpster in order to roll down. This will allow it to return back and turn into easily obtained. There are many individuals, especially those exactly who rental the dumpster initially, who located the dumpster for the right spot only to car park their cars around the idea, thus doing the dumpster unavailable. Place cones and other barriers to avoid others via parking their own cars round the dumpster.
Available in numerous sizes along with varying trips, a Dumpster Rental in Ludlow gives you a large container capable of that contains all types of garbage. Not only does renting any dumpster save you from supplying your car brimming with rubbish and doing numerous excursions to the get rid of, it also permits you to handle rubbish of all kinds. Saving you time and permitting you to handle garbage large and small, any Dumpster Rental in Ludlow service is a fantastic choice for: Finally, be prepared to fork out in advance. Many businesses accept money or bank cards. To get the best price, call around and comparison shop. Some organizations will give you an agreement if you look for one.
Whatever the project, the benefits of renting gear cannot be beat. Whether your job involves destruction, renovation, or even construction you with thankful you had any dumpster. Rather than keep things in the pile or even stacked right up along the side of the website you can simply toss in every thing you should dispose of. As opposed to multiple each day trips to your dump you can working until eventually everything is done and then it's just one excursion and one disposal fee.
Nevertheless do remember which any fat exceeding your negotiated car loan terms with the vendor will end up an individual in providing an extra amount, so It is usually preferable solution to choose a little larger size dumpster than what happens to be required. Another factor that mustn't be neglected is definitely having a consult with the Dumpster Rental in Ludlow vendor about the dirt that are authorized. It is advisable to check the permitted and non authorized items mainly because some countries go by unique regulations regarding giving any exception into a items like chemicals, gasoline, herbal oils, and other harmful or flammable substances.
Are you looking to rent a dumpster? Renting any dumpster can be a good thing. Sometimes you only need to rent a dumpster because you have a lot of rubbish. Like for instance if you're remodeling the house. During remodeling there will be lots of trash created. If you have never remodeled the house then be ready because there is gonna be a lot of rubbish even if you merely remodel a modicum of your home.
An alternative choice is to accumulate the bulk spend and carry it off in your car for a local disposal facility, just one load at a time. Some municipalities may agree to this spend and others might not exactly. Some may charge a fee for disposal. Meanwhile, you never realize the amount waste you might have until you attempt to fit everything in your auto.
A dumpster use is expected to get rid the trash in eco-friendly manner in affordable expense, but this will turn into a high-end mode if you aren't smart ample to handle the process. Certain initiatives like development generates enormous tons of spend that needs to be thrown away daily, hiring a Dumpster Rental in Ludlow for each day and pick-up services is recommended if the rubbish generated on daily basis is the same as tonnage limit regarding 40 property i.e. 4 tons daily, it is the highest size of your dumpster generally available with the specialist Dumpster Rental in Ludlow provider.


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Leicester Baseball Club up for National Pride Award
Leicester Times Team January 31, 2023 14:30
Leicester Diamonds Baseball Club, which was set up for all women and non binary people in Leicestershire, has been shortlisted for a national Pride award.…
Leicester Mental Health Hospital Criticised Over Patient's Death
A woman who took her life at a privately-run mental hospital in Leicester, died due to 'gross neglect' a jury has concluded. Samantha Boazman died…
Leicestershire Doctor Speaks out About Mental Health Ahead of 'Time to Talk Day'
The global pandemic coupled with a cost-of-living crisis has "significantly increased" the number of people receiving mental health treatment, says a Leicestershire mental health lead…
10 Per Cent Pay Rise for Poundstretcher Staff
A Leicestershire-based discount retailer has announced that it will be awarding its employees a 10 per cent pay increase to help with the cost of…
Holocaust Memorial Day to be Marked in Leicester this Weekend
The millions of people who lost their lives during the Holocaust and other genocides will be remembered at an event in Leicester on Saturday. Holocaust…
Leicester Life Insurance Firm Under Fire for "Despicable" Advert
Financial professionals have been left reeling after Leicester based life insurance firm 'DeadHappy' used an image of serial killer GP Harold Shipman to promote their…
Community Heroes Honoured by Blaby District Council
Unsung heroes who give their time to help others in their community have been honoured by Blaby District Council. The prize-giving ceremony for the 2022…
Leicester Company Fined After Worker Crushed by Tonne of Glass
A Leicester company has been ordered to pay more than £100k after one of its employees was left with life-changing injuries when a pallet of…
FORMER MINERS TO GIVE TOURS OF COALVILLE'S SNIBSTON COLLIERY
TRIBUTES TO LEICESTER MAN WHO DIED ON LAST DAY OF CHARITY CYCLING CHALLENGE
LEICESTER BUSINESS STUDENT REACHES FINALS OF NATIONAL COMPETITION


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Law and Political Economy Project
Losing at Its Own Game: the Right Retreats from Cost-Benefit Analysis
By Amy Sinden
Amy Sinden is a Professor of Law at Temple University Beasley School of Law.
Over the past four decades, the right wing has painstakingly built an intellectual scheme to try to justify the weakening of regulatory public health protections on the basis of neoliberal economic theory. But a couple of decades ago, when the EPA began to figure out how—at least sometimes—to beat them at their own game, that edifice began to crumble. At the 2018 APPEAL conference, I presented a brief sketch of this story. More recently, I developed it in an article that appears in this month's edition of The American Prospect.
In brief, the story goes like this:
In the 1970s, industry lobbyists and their right-wing allies, disgruntled by the wave of environmental, health, and consumer protection legislation that had just swept through Congress, latched onto an idea that had begun to kick around among conservative economists at the University of Virginia, the University of Chicago and the London School of Economics. Before government is allowed to intervene in the market with regulation, they argued, it should be made to show that the regulation can pass a cost-benefit test. This idea began to show up in industry briefs challenging EPA's first efforts at environmental regulation and in white papers from right-wing think tanks. Its pedigree in neoliberal economic theory lent an air of academic legitimacy to the idea and was a perfect fit with the Right's larger political strategy of selling the American public on laissez-faire economics.
Industry banked on the assumption that imposing a rigid system of cost-benefit analysis would weaken regulatory safeguards because the benefits of public health protections—preventing disease, saving lives, preserving ecosystems—would be hard to quantify and so inevitably under-counted in relation to the more easily quantifiable costs of regulation. And for the most part, that gambit paid off. Since Reagan first enshrined the cost-benefit analysis requirement in executive order in 1981, it has caused untold mischief—both procedurally, by delaying and confounding rulemaking in the industry friendly labyrinth of OIRA review, and substantively, by watering down regulatory protections in the name of cutting costs and reducing bureaucracy.
But something unexpected happened in the 1990s and early 2000's. The air pollution monitoring stations installed throughout the country in the wake of the Clean Air Act began to bear fruit in the form of a wealth of epidemiological studies documenting the nasty health effects of one particular air pollutant that is widespread and easy to monitor—particulate matter. Using these studies, EPA began to regularly produce jaw-dropping numbers on the benefits of virtually all its Clean Air Act regulations—numbers that easily swamp the costs. Indeed, the huge, multibillion-dollar benefits estimates attributable to this single pollutant have amounted to more than half of the calculated benefits of federal regulation from all the executive branch agencies combined over the past decade.
This is driving the right-wing crazy. About 7 or 8 years ago, they began to notice EPA's big numbers on particulate matter and how those numbers allow the agency to justify even its most costly rules (what they call "the EPA train-wreck rules"). They quickly launched a counterattack, although with Obama in the White House, it was initially confined to the Right's prodigious think tank machine, which began producing white papers with names like "The EPA's Pretense of Science: Regulating Phantom Risks." Now, of course, with a direct line to the Trump administration, these efforts are shaping EPA policy.
The right-wing's counter-attack is three-pronged: 1) Take a page out of the climate change playbook and deny the science behind the particulate matter numbers altogether. 2) Argue that particulate matter "co-benefits" must not be counted in cost-benefit analysis, a position that defies not just common sense but the basic tenets of the economic theory that the Right has relied on for the past half-century to lend legitimacy to their insistence on a cost-benefit test. (Co-benefits are benefits of a rule that are not the rule's principal purpose—reductions in particulate matter emissions, for example, that occur as a result of installation of pollution control equipment aimed at reducing mercury emissions. Under fundamental principles of economic theory, there's no question that a cost-benefit analysis must count them.) And 3) jettison benefits from the analysis entirely through the adoption of the new technique of cost-only "regulatory budgeting." This is the pseudo-academic "theory" behind Trump's "2 for 1" executive order, which requires that federal agencies rescind two pre-existing regulations for every one new regulation they issue and requires that the cost savings from scrapping the two be equal or greater than the costs of the new one. This is perhaps the wackiest idea of all. By eliminating benefits from the analysis altogether, it strays far from the moorings of welfare economics in which the Right has worked so hard to ground its "regulatory reform" arguments for the last half-century, and into a new realm entirely untethered from any intellectually coherent theory about how government does or should operate.
In all three of these tactics, there's a new tenor to the Right's arguments—an apparent willingness to abandon even the appearance of intellectual legitimacy. Time will tell where this new approach leads. As of yet, it's still not clear if these are the first signs that the Right's dogged defense of laissez-faire has finally been stretched to its breaking point or the indicia of a more dystopian vision: a brave new politics of populism in which expertise in all forms is suspect and intellectual integrity (or even just its pretense) is vilified and dispensable.
The Two Faces of American Freedom, Ten Years Later: Part Three
By Aziz Rana, Henry Brooks
The Two Faces of American Freedom, Ten Years Later: Part One
Yearly Roundup: Editors' Picks, Part 1
By Editors
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The purpose of playing online casino games is to have fun and to win money. If you are not experiencing at least one of those on an online casino site, then it is time for you to move on to another operator. Winning money is not guaranteed when you are playing casino games because most of them rely on luck. On the other hand, you can take some measures to ensure that you are enjoying your time at an online casino.
Part of having a pleasurable gaming experience is being able to conveniently deposit and withdraw funds. That is why you should choose the best online casino sites which offer a wide range of deposit methods. For your convenience, opt for Webmoney casino sites. You can use this payment method both for deposits and withdrawals. There are also other great reasons why this payment option is loved by numerous online casino players.
Webmoney is an online payment processor that was launched in 1998. It is widely popular in Eastern Europe and Russia, but it also has millions of customers from across the globe. The brand offers services which allow users to track their funds, resolve disputes, attract funding and accomplish secure transactions. Individuals can use Webmoney' set of standardised interfaces to manage their funds which are protected by specialised companies called the Guarantors. Under a single WMID registration number, users can register multiple Webmoney purses with any Guarantor.
It is easy and simple to understand the way this method of payment works. One of the great things about this payment processor is the fact that you do not have to own a bank account or credit card just to be able to open an account with Webmoney. To fund your Webmoney account, you can choose from a selection of methods, including bank wire, Internet banking, cash-in terminals, Webmoney cards or Webmoney Exchange offices. Once you have funded your Webmoney account, you can start playing online casino for real money.
The first thing you have to do is, of course, look for Webmoney casino sites that are licensed, regulated and encrypted. Once you've found your ideal online casino site, the next thing you have to do is add funds to your account. Visit the banking page of the site and then select Webmoney as your deposit method. Keep in mind that you will usually find this method of payment under the e-wallet category. Once you've chosen the Webmoney casino deposit option, you will be asked to indicate the amount you wish to deposit.
After selecting your payment method, the Webmoney login page will pop out. The next thing you have to do is log into your account then confirm your transaction with the WMID. It usually takes a minute – sometimes a few minutes – for the money to be reflected on your online casino account.
Generally speaking, established casino sites and even new mobile casinos do not require players to pay for payment processing fees. On the other hand, when you choose to make a casino deposit with Webmoney you have to remember that you will be charged a 0.8% service fee for every transaction. This means that whenever you make deposits at Webmoney casino sites, you have to deal with this additional fee.
The other disadvantage of using Webmoney is the fact that there's an added step to your payments. Instead of directly transacting with online casino sites, you have to create an account with Webmoney. Every time you make a deposit, you have to log in to your Webmoney account which can be quite troublesome. However, if you prefer to add another layer of security to your online transactions, then Webmoney is ideal for you.
Finally, bear in mind that Webmoney offers numerous services. So when you visit its site, you may be overwhelmed with the options that are available to you. Under each main category, you will find several subcategories. It is always best if you use the search function of the site to directly get to the section you need.


Hundreds of Books, DVDs, Music, Audiobooks, & Magazines: We are first and foremost a library, so we strive to have a wide selection of materials for our patrons to browse.
Patron Review: Be able to review items you have checked out, renew items, and find out fines owed all from the comforts of home. To use the Patron Review, you need a valid library card number. Your PIN is the last 4 digits of your library card number.
Reciprocal Borrowing: Residents with valid North Chicago library cards may use their cards at other north and northwest suburban libraries (some limitations may apply).
Interlibrary Loans: When we don't have the book you're looking for, we can attempt to borrow it from another library in Illinois. We do limit the amount of books in process to 4 (process begins at the time of the request and ends when we return the book back). Interlibrary Loans are only available to patrons with cards from the North Chicago Public Library.
Free Internet Access: Public internet computers are available for use. Printing is .15 cents per page. For those with laptops, tablets, or smartphones, we have public Wi-Fi for you to use.
Wireless Printing: We now have the ability to allow patrons who utilize their own electronic devices to print wirelessly, or from the comfort of their home. Click here for quick, simple instructions.
Reserves: North Chicago cardholders may place reserves on items currently out or on order, and will be notified when the item is returned. To do this, please email us at info@ncplibrary.org or call us at 847-689-0125. When renewing items or making a request, please provide your first and last name along with the title of the item and name of author (if book). Please allow at least 2 business days for a response.
Program & Classes: The Library hosts a variety of programs each month, including short films, feature films, computer classes, and more.
3D Printing: Patrons can now submit their own 3D printing projects for the library to print! This service is only available to NCPL card holders. Cost is $.10 per gram. To read the guidelines and submit a project, click here.
Recording Studio: Come use our recording studio for your next music/podcast project. Open to all NCPL card holders in good standing. Fees are $20/hr for adults 18 and over, $10/hr for children 17 and under with adult supervision. Required 30 min orientation to learn how to properly use the facility. Please contact mosesk@ncplibrary.org for more information or to schedule an appointment.


CSA #23 – ugly food tastes better.
Second to last pick up and it shows! The freaking Hurricane Sandy follow-up blizzard had in hand in our meager share as well. Still very glad to have anything at all right about now. AND I got to be in line behind the cutest friggin kid ever, who was helping put everything on the scale for his father, and then me. And then he helped with the apples!
As for the full haul…here we go!
Fruit share: 5 lb apples.
I have no time to cook this week…chances are, this is getting all thrown in to one pot and being made in to stew. I am catering a bunch of holiday parties this season, as well as prepping to compete in The Chili Takedown. Please get tickets and come out and vote for me!!
And in case you needed a fat stalk of brussel sprouts….I always forget that this is how they grow.


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Remove pollutants from waste gases before they enter the environment
Overall effectiveness category Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence)
Atmospheric pollutants can be removed from waste gases (e.g. from industry or transport) before they enter the environment. Physical or electrostatic filters can trap dust and ash particles. Sulphur dioxide can be removed by spraying alkaline substances (such as seawater) into waste gases. Reducing emissions of atmospheric pollutants may prevent damage to peatland vegetation or allow it to recover.
Key peatland types for which this action may be appropriate: bogs, fens/fen meadows, tropical peat swamps.
Related action: clean waste water before it is released into the environment.
Study locations
One study evaluated the effects, on peatland vegetation, of removing pollutants from waste gases before release into the environment. The study was in bogs.
Plant richness/diversity (1 study): One before-and-after study in bogs in Estonia reported that following installation of dust filters in industrial plants (along with a general reduction in emissions), the number of Sphagnum moss species increased but the total number of plant species decreased.
Supporting evidence from individual studies
A before-and-after study in 1990–2007 in two raised bogs in Estonia (Paal et al. 2009) reported that after installing improved dust filters in industrial plants (along with a general reduction in emissions), total plant species richness decreased but Sphagnum moss species richness increased. These results were not tested for statistical significance. In the late 1980s/early 1990s, when bogs were polluted by calcium-rich ash, there were 91–123 plant species and nine Sphagnum species/0.1 ha. In 2007, after pollution was reduced, there were only 43–58 plant species but 14 Sphagnum species/0.1 ha. Throughout the 1990s, emissions of calcium-rich ash fell by 80%, partly through fitting improved dust filters but partly through reduced industrial activity. The study does not distinguish between the effects of these changes. In 2007, plant species were recorded in a 0.1 ha plot in each bog. Species richness was compared to published records from the late 1980s/early 1990s.
Study and other actions tested
Referenced paper
Paal J., Vellak K., Liira J. & Karofeld E. (2009) Bog recovery in northeastern Estonia after the reduction of atmospheric pollution input. Restoration Ecology, 18, 387-400.
Reduce fertilizer or herbicide use near peatlands
Clean waste water before it enters the environment
Use biodegradable oil in farming machinery


This walk is only available to guests staying overnight at Cedar Falls Base Camp.
This two-hour hike (45 minutes each way with a half hour break at the cave) takes you through the Leopard Kloof Valley to the cave in which the stunning Running Man rock painting is found. This guided walk is free, and only available to guests staying overnight at the Cedar Falls Base Camp.
The San paintings are dominated by the 30 cm image of a shaman, wearing a mask and carrying hunting sticks. The painting has been the subject of many academic studies, as it captures a transition period in history.
The figure has tassels on arms and legs, believed to be traditional Xhosa dress, and is wearing lace-up shoes. This painting captures a moment in history just before the decline of the San in the area, a time when they were living alongside the Xhosa and Khoene (Khoi) tribes who were trading with visiting ships and/or early white settlers. The image is a unique documentation, in the San's own medium, of this period.
The trail starts from the Cedar Tourism accommodation area, and returns along the same route. In order to protect the heritage site, a guide is required to take you to the site. Please note that at this stage the guide is there to show you the way, and look after the site for future generations.
We are in the process of training guides who can give you more information on the paintings themselves, but this will take a little time.
Please note the painting is situated on a wide ledge about 10 metres from the ground. The last access point to the ledge requires a careful step, and is not recommended for people with strong vertigo or fear of heights.
The San Paintings walk starts and ends at the Cedar Falls Base Camp. To organise a guide for the hike, please speak to our staff when you arrive and let them know when you would like to go.


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September 30, 2018 / 5:13 PM / in 10 months
Classmates mourn boy shot dead by Israeli troops in Gaza border
KHAN YOUNIS, Gaza Strip (Reuters) - The school friends of Nassir al-Mosabeh sat tearfully in their classroom in Khan Younis on Sunday and mourned their 12-year-old friend who was killed in a protest on the Gaza-Israel border.
A picture of 12-year-old Palestinian boy Nassir al-Mosabeh, who was killed during a protest at the Israel-Gaza border fence, is seen on his table as his classmates react at a school, in Khan Younis in the southern Gaza Strip September 30, 2018. REUTERS/Ibraheem Abu Mustafa
Gaza health officials said Israeli soldiers on Friday shot dead seven Palestinians, who were among thousands who thronged to the fortified border as part of weekly protests launched six months ago. Mosabeh was one of those killed.
"I cried for him like I have never cried before. I do not know what the (Israeli) occupation saw in him to kill him? What did he do to them? Did he kill anybody? I do not know what happened," Mosabeh's friend, Dia' Abu Khater said.
Mosabeh's classmates in the school in the southern Gaza Strip decorated his chair with his picture ringed by red and white flowers and green leaves, the Palestinian colours.
Mosabeh was always at the border to assist medics in the Friday protests, his sister, Eslam, said.
"Nassir always came with us. Everyone in the field hospital knows him and he always helped us. Nassir was our right hand, he would always bring us equipment whenever we needed something. May God bless his soul," she said.
Israel said it held Islamist group Hamas, which controls the Gaza Strip, responsible for the violence.
"Hamas continues to orchestrate belligerent activity throughout the Gaza Strip, cynically using Gazan civilians and endangering children by sending them to the security fence as a cover for terror activity," the Israeli military said in a statement that summarised Friday's events.
"Hamas is responsible for the violent riots and their consequences," the statement added.
Israel said troops resorted to live fire and an air strike after explosive devices and rocks were thrown at them and to prevent breaches of the border fence. It posted a video clip showing a controlled detonation of many explosive devices.
Gaza health officials said 505 people were wounded on Friday, 89 of them by gunshots.
At least 191 Palestinians have been killed since the Gaza protests began on March 30. The protesters are demanding the right of return to lands that Palestinian families fled or were driven from on Israel's founding in 1948, and the easing of an Israeli-Egyptian economic blockade.
Two million Palestinians, mainly stateless descendants of people who left what is now Israel 70 years ago, live in the Gaza Strip, which has been controlled by Hamas for more than a decade, during which it has fought three wars against Israel.
Israel and Egypt say the blockade is necessary for security reasons. The World Bank says it has reduced the territory's economy to a state of collapse, with residents suffering a lack of clean water, electricity and health care.
Reporting by Abed Shanaa; Writing by Ori Lewis; Editing by Peter Graff


WrestleMania will be a historic event this year and WWE dropped a huge piece of information this morning. Fans already assumed that the RAW Women's Title match could main event the show of shows, and now the company is making it official.
In a public announcement, the company confirmed that Ronda Rousey's defense of her RAW Women's Title against Becky Lynch and Charlotte Flair will indeed main event WrestleMania 35.
We will just have to wait and see how WWE books the end of this match. It is obviously the fans' preference to see Becky Lynch emerge as champion. Either way, whoever wins the big match will be doing so to close out the show of shows in 2019 while making history in the process.