text:
APhA to Bring Pharmacists' Patient Care Services to Capitol Hill
The American Pharmacists Association (APhA) will host its 4th Annual Capitol Hill Health Fair on September 22 as part of its advocacy and community outreach efforts in advance of American Pharmacists Month. APhA is partnering with the Office of Representative Buddy Carter (R-GA), the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, the National Community Pharmacists Association, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, and Walgreens. Flu shots and health screenings, including bone density, glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure, and body composition will be available to members of Congress, staff, and the general public in the Rayburn Foyer in the Rayburn House Office Building from 10:00 am to 2:00 pm.
"This event is an excellent platform for pharmacists and student pharmacists to demonstrate to Congress the valuable patient care services they provide in their communities every day," said APhA Executive Vice President and CEO, Thomas E. Menighan, BSPharm, MBA, ScD (Hon), FAPhA. "It is important for our nation's key decision makers to experience first-hand the pharmacists' patient care services that are improving access to health care and health outcomes, particularly for those patients in medically underserved areas of the country."
The annual Health Fair also is an opportunity for APhA, its members, and partner associations to encourage U.S. Representatives and Senators to recognize the value of pharmacists in improving patient access to health care by supporting the Pharmacy and Medically Underserved Areas Enhancement Act (H.R. 592/S. 314). While the majority of the U.S. House and half of the U.S. Senate supports the value of pharmacists to patients, APhA hopes the Health Fair will help increase Congress' support for this bill, which seeks to improve patient access to health care through pharmacists' patient care services.
Pharmacists from Walgreens and student pharmacists from the University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Notre Dame of Maryland University School of Pharmacy, Howard University College of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy and Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy will provide free flu shots and health screenings at the one-day event.


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Activated charcoal traps toxins through millions of tiny pores. It works through the process of adsorption, which is a chemical reaction of elements binding to a surface. Through this chemical process of adsorption, the negatively charged porous surface of Activated Charcoal, binds with the positively charged toxins and gas. It is a safe and effective treatment. However, activated charcoal toxin treatment do not work, when the individual is ingested with petrol, alcohol, acids, or any corrosive poisons.
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It lowers cholesterol and treats bile flow in the body. It prevents hangovers.
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Activated charcoal use is safe even during pregnancy.
Here we have some of the common uses of activated charcoal.
Activated charcoal helps in whitening your teeth and promotes oral health. It changes the pH balance in the mouth and prevents cavities, gum diseases, and bad breath.
For teeth whitening, wet your toothbrush and dip into powdered activated charcoal. Brush your teeth as usual. For stained areas, give special attention. Swish your mouth with water and spit out the remains. Rinse well until, you clear your mouth. To get best results, you have to use it twice or thrice a week.
Since Activated charcoal traps impurities, you can use it for water filtration. It efficiently traps all the solvent, pesticides and chemicals in water. Activated charcoal is found in most of the water filtration systems worldwide. However, it does not trap any minerals or bacterial organisms.
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For insect bites, take half a teaspoon of activated charcoal with equal amount of coconut oil. Mix this and apply on the affected area. Reapplying every 30 minutes can get you comfort from itching.
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Activated charcoal can cause stains. Be careful while using it on floors and clothing.
Even if it is safe for pregnancy and breast-feeding moms, take an advice of your physician.
Activated charcoal is often safe for short-term use. If you are using for long-term, be sure to consult a physician.
For some, activated charcoal can cause constipation.


As part of our continued strategic growth we would like to welcome on-board our latest member of our orders and customer services team, Richard Beckett.
Richard will work closely with our Orders Manager, Darren Starkey to assist with picking and packing orders, arranging shipping, dealing with returns and customer service enquiries.
Richard also has a hidden talent for marketing, so will be taking care of our in-house social media and online marketing.


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Miranda Richardson Movie News
First Look at World War 2 drama Churchill
A first official look at World War 2 drama Churchill has arrived.
First image of Brian Cox as Winston Churchill released
This first image (above) of Brian Cox as Winston Churchill in Jonathan Teplitzky's upcoming film Churchill has been released. Shooting on the production got underway today in Scotland. Miranda Richardson, John Slattery, James Purefoy and Ella…
This first image (above) of Brian Cox as Winston Churchill in Jonathan Teplitzky's upcoming film Churchill has been released. Shooting on the production got underway today in Scotland. Miranda Richardson, John Slattery, James Purefoy and Ella Purnell will also star.
Brian Cox said of taking on the role: "I am looking forward to bringing this iconic but complex figure to life – it's the role of a lifetime for me."
And director, Jonathan Teplitzky, said, "I'm very excited and…
Miranda Richardson Movie Reviews
Churchill Review
While compelling in parts, Churchill may well have found its home more so on a smaller screen, feeling all too televisual in its approach.
Miranda Richardson Movie Features
Stronger, a career best from David Gordon Green and Jake Gyllenhaal
Flickreel takes a look at one of our best directors and actors at the top of their game in Stronger.
Miranda Richardson Movie Trailers
Churchill - Trailer
A ticking-clock thriller following Winston Churchill in the 24 hours before D-Day.
iBoy - Trailer
After an accident, Tom wakes from a coma to discover that fragments of his smart phone have been embedded in his head, and worse, that returning to normal teenage life is impossible because he has developed a strange set of super powers.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
\section{Introduction}
An accelerated observer
sees the Minkowski vacuum state as a thermally excited state, which is
characterized by the Unruh temperature $T_U=a/2\pi$, where $a$ is the acceleration.
By the equivalence principle \cite{Unruh,UnruhWald},
the Unruh effect can be understood in analogy with the Hawking radiation,
which predicts the thermal radiation from black holes.
Since  both relativity and  quantum mechanics simultaneously play important roles
in these effects,  detection of the Unruh effect  will have a big impact on the research
of fundamental physics (cf. \cite{SokolovTernov}).

Signals of the Unruh effect will be tiny since the  Unruh
temperature is very low, $T_U=4\times 10^{-20}(a/9.8[{\rm m/s^2}])$K for typical values of acceleration.
Chen and Tajima pointed out a nice idea of testing the Unruh effect
using intense laser's electric field for accelerating an electron,
which has inspired many  following works \cite{ChenTajima,Schutzhold,Schutzhold2,ELI}.
However,  subsequent investigations demonstrated that naively expected quantum
radiations from thermal random motions induced by the Unruh effect almost
cancel out due to the interference effect \cite{IYZ,OYZ15,OYZ16}.
These works also showed the cancellation is not complete
and some quantum radiation remains, though
 its physical origin  is not well understood.

In order to clarify the possible signature of the Unruh effect in
the quantum radiation, we revisit the problem of the quantum
radiation emanated from an Unruh-De Witt detector in the uniformly
accelerating motion \cite{Raine,Raval,LH,Lin,IYZ2013}.
We find nonvanishing quantum radiation, which is consistent with
the previous calculation by Lin and Hu \cite{LH}.
We point out that this quantum radiation is related to the nonlocal correlation
nature of the Minkowski vacuum state, which has its origin in
the entanglement of the state  between the left and the right  Rindler wedges.

This paper is organized as follows. In section 2, we review the model
of the  Unruh-De Witt detector coupled to a massless scalar field.
In section 3, we derive the nonvanishing quantum radiation form the
the  Unruh-De Witt detector. In section 4, we discuss about the origin
of the nonvanishing quantum radiation. Section 5 is devoted to
summary and conclusions. In the appendix, a mathematical formula
to describe the quantum radiation flux is presented.

\section{Unruh-De Witt detector model}
We consider the model consisting of a massless
scalar field $\phi$ and a harmonic oscillator $Q$,
which we call an Unruh-De Witt detector, described by  the action,
\begin{eqnarray}
&&S[Q,\phi ; z] =
\frac{m}{2} \int d \tau \left( \dot{Q}^2(\tau) - \Omega_0^2 Q^2(\tau) \right)
\nonumber \\
&&~~+ {1\over 2}\int d^4 x \partial^\mu \phi(x) \partial_\mu \phi(x)
\nonumber \\
&&~~
+ \lambda \int d^4 x d\tau Q(\tau) \phi(x) \delta^{(4)}_D(x-z(\tau)),
\end{eqnarray}
where $m$ and $\Omega_0$ are the mass and the angular frequency
of the harmonic oscillator, respectively, $\lambda$ is the coupling constant,
and $\delta^{(4)}_D(x-y)$ is the 4-dimensional Dirac delta function.
The world line trajectory of the detector is specified by
$x^\mu=z^\mu(\tau)$, where $\tau$ is the proper time of the detector.
We consider the trajectory in a uniformly accelerated motion
$z^\mu(\tau)=a^{-1}\left(\sinh{a\tau},\cosh{a\tau},0,0\right)$.
Equations of motion for $Q(\tau)$ and $\phi(x)$ are given by
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\ddot Q(\tau)+\Omega_0^2Q(\tau)={\lambda\over m}\phi(z(\tau))
\label{eqQ}, \\
&&\partial^2\phi(x)=\lambda\int d\tau Q(\tau)\delta^{(4)}_D(x-z(\tau)).
\label{eqphiA}
\end{eqnarray}
The solution of the scalar field is written as a sum of the homogeneous
solution $\phi_{\rm h}(x)$ and the inhomogeneous solution $\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$, i.e.,
$\phi(x)=\phi_{\rm h}(x)+\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$. $\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$ is given by
$\phi_{\rm inh}(x)=\lambda\int d\tau Q(\tau)G_R(x-z(\tau))$,
where $G_R(x-y)$ is the retarded Green function of the massless scalar field.
Using the regularized retarded Green function, (\ref{eqQ}) becomes
\begin{eqnarray}
\ddot Q(\tau)+2\gamma\dot Q(\tau)+\Omega^2Q(\tau)
={\lambda\over m}\phi_{\rm h}(z(\tau)),
\label{eqQ2A}
\end{eqnarray}
where we introduced $\gamma=\lambda^2/8\pi m$ and the renormalized frequency $\Omega$
(see Ref.~\cite{LH}).

Using the Fourier transformations,
\begin{eqnarray}
&&Q(\tau)={1\over2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} d\omega e^{-i\omega\tau}\tilde Q(\omega),
\label{solQtau}
\\
&&\phi_{\rm h}(z(\tau))={1\over2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} d\omega e^{-i\omega\tau}\varphi(\omega),
\label{solphih}
\end{eqnarray}
Eq.~(\ref{eqQ2A}) is solved as
$
\tilde Q(\omega)=\lambda h(\omega)\varphi(\omega)
$
with
$
h(\omega)={1/(-m\omega^2+m\Omega^2-i2m{\omega\gamma})}.
$
By inserting this solution (\ref{solQtau})
into the expression of $\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$, we have
\begin{eqnarray}
\phi_{\rm inh}(x)=\lambda^2 \int d\tau\int {d\omega\over2\pi}e^{-i\omega\tau}
h(\omega)G_R(x-z(\tau))\varphi(\omega).
\nonumber\\
\label{phiinh2}
\end{eqnarray}

In the present paper, we consider the case $\Omega<\gamma$,
in which the poles of $h(\omega)$ are located at
$
\omega=-i\Omega_\pm
$
where we defined
$
\Omega_{\rm \pm}
=\gamma\pm\sqrt{\gamma^2-\Omega^2}
$.

It is useful to verify that the detector is in thermal equilibrium at the Unruh temperature.
The expectation value of energy of the harmonic oscillator is computed using the solution (\ref{solQtau})
with $h(\omega)$ as
\begin{eqnarray}
\langle E\rangle={m\over2}\left(\langle\dot Q^2(\tau)\rangle+\Omega^2\langle Q^2(\tau)\rangle
\right)={a\over 2\pi}
\end{eqnarray}
under the condition $\Omega_\pm\ll a$.
Thus the law of the equipartition of energy with the Unruh temperature is satisfied
as a consequence of the Unruh effect.

\section{Radiation from the Unruh-De Witt detector}
Since the detector is in the thermal equilibrium, one may expect that the would-be
radiation due to the thermal fluctuation is cancelled by the quantum interference effect.
Actually that is the case for the $1+1$ dimensional case.
The $1+3$ dimensional case has a similar structure of the cancellation, and
 we misconcluded in Ref.~\cite{IYZ2013}
 that the quantum radiation from the uniformly accelerating
Unruh-De Witt detector is completely cancelled.
But more careful calculations show
that some part of the radiation  remains.
Our new conclusion is consistent with that in Ref.\cite{LH}, in which
they also demonstrated  nonvanishing radiation flux.
In the present paper, we give an analytic expression for the radiation
and some interpretation of the origin of the radiation.

In order to calculate the radiation from the detector, we evaluate the energy
momentum tensor of the quantum field.
First, we consider the two point function \cite{IYZ,IYZ2013}.
Since the total radiation rate can be estimated from the flux in the F-region in Fig. \ref{fig:pinhphF},
we focus on the two point function,
\begin{eqnarray}
  &&
\langle\phi(x)\phi(y)\rangle-\langle\phi_{\rm h}(x)\phi_{\rm h}(y)\rangle
\nonumber\\
  &=&\langle\phi_{\rm inh}(x)\phi_{\rm h}(y)\rangle+\langle\phi_{\rm h}(x)\phi_{\rm inh}(y)\rangle+  \langle\phi_{\rm inh}(x)\phi_{\rm inh}(y)\rangle
\nonumber\\
  &=&{-i\lambda^2\over (4\pi)^2\rho_0(x)\rho_0(y)}
  \int _{-\infty}^{+\infty}{d\omega\over2\pi}{e^{\pi\omega/a}\over e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1}
\nonumber
\\
&&\bigr[h(\omega)e^{-i\omega(\tau_-^x-\tau_+^y)}
-h(-\omega)e^{-i\omega(\tau_+^x-\tau_-^y)}\bigl],
\label{interferencew}
\end{eqnarray}
for $x,y\in$ F-region, where we defined $\rho_0(x)=a\sqrt{(-x_\mu x^\mu+1/a^2)^2/4+((x^0)^2-(x^1)^2)/a^2}$.
Here, $\tau_-^x$ is defined as the proper time at which the detector's trajectory
intersects with the past lightcone of a spacetime point $x$.
On the other hand, $\tau_+^x$ is the proper time at which the hypothetical detector's trajectory
in the L-region intersects with the past lightcone of $x$ for $x\in$ F-region.
$\tau_\pm^y$ is defined in the same way. (See figure \ref{fig:pinhphF}).

\begin{figure}[t]
\begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=7.5cm]{figure1.eps}

\caption{
The R-region is defined by $x^1>|x^0|$,
the L-region is $-x^1>|x^0|$, and the F-region
is $x^0>|x^1|$.
The hyperbolic curve $z^\mu(\tau)$ in the R-region is the trajectory
of a uniformly accelerating Unruh-De Witt detector,
while the hyperbolic curve in the L-region $\widetilde z^\mu(\tau)$ is the
hypothetical trajectory obtained by an analytic continuation of the
trajectory in the R-region.
$\tau_-^x$ is defined by the proper time at which the detector's trajectory
intersects with the past lightcone of $x^\mu$.
On the other hand, for a point $y^\mu$ in the F-region,
$\tau_+^y$ is defined by the proper time that the hypothetical
detector's trajectory in the L-region intersects with the past
lightcone of $y^\mu$.
\label{fig:pinhphF}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

After performing the integration of (\ref{interferencew}),
the two point function symmetrized with respect to $x$ and $y$ is expressed as
\begin{eqnarray}
 &&[\langle\phi(x)\phi(y)\rangle-\langle\phi_{\rm h}(x)\phi_{\rm h}(y)\rangle]_S
\nonumber\\
&&=-{i\lambda^2\over(4\pi)^2\rho_0(x)\rho_0(y)}{1\over 2m}\left(I(x,y)+I(y,x)\right),
\label{phiphiphi}
\end{eqnarray}
where $I(x,y)$ is defined by
\begin{eqnarray}
&&I(x,y)=
\nonumber\\
&&-i\theta(\tau_-^y-\tau_+^x)\biggl[
{1\over \Omega_+\Omega_-}{a\over 2\pi}
+
{e^{-\Omega_-(\tau_-^y-\tau_+^x)}\over \Omega_--\Omega_+}{1\over \sin\pi\Omega_-/a}
\nonumber\\
&&
+{e^{-\Omega_+(\tau_-^y-\tau_+^x)}\over \Omega_+-\Omega_-}{1\over \sin\pi\Omega_+/a}
+\sum_{n=1}^\infty
      {(-1)^ne^{-na(\tau_-^y-\tau_+^x)}\over(\Omega_--na)(\Omega_+-na)}{a\over\pi}
  \biggr]
\nonumber\\
  &&
+i\theta(\tau_+^x-\tau_-^y)\biggl[
    {1\over \Omega_+\Omega_-}{a\over 2\pi}
    +\sum_{n=1}^\infty
    {(-1)^ne^{na(\tau_-^y-\tau_+^x)}\over(\Omega_-+na)(\Omega_++na)}{a\over\pi}
    \biggr].
\nonumber\\
\end{eqnarray}

\begin{figure}[t]
\begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=5.cm]{figure2a.eps}
\\
\vspace{8mm}
    \includegraphics[width=5.cm]{figure2b.eps}
\caption{Upper panel: ${\cal F}(q)$ as function of $q$, where we chose
$\Omega/a=0.01$ and $\gamma/a=1$.
Lower panel: Angular distribution
of the flux $\sin^{-4}{\theta} {\cal F}(q(\tau_-,\theta))$
at $\tau_- = 0$, where we chose the same parameters as those of the upper panel.
The coordinates $x$ and $y$ are $x^1$ and $\sqrt{(x^2)^2+(x^3)^2}$, respectively.
\label{fig:funF}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

We are now interested in the energy flux $f=-\sum_i T_{0i}n^i$, where $T_{0i}$ is the
time and space component of the energy momentum tensor and $n^i$ is the
unit vector $n^i=x^i/r$, which is computed from the two point function,
\begin{eqnarray}
\hspace{-4mm}
T_{0i}
=\lim_{y\rightarrow x}{\partial\over \partial x^0 }{\partial\over \partial y^i }
[\langle\phi(x)\phi(y)\rangle-\langle\phi_{\rm h}(x)\phi_{\rm h}(y)\rangle]_S.
\end{eqnarray}
Using the expression (\ref{phiphiphi}), we can derive an exact expression
for the energy flux (cf. \cite{OYZ15, OYZ16}).
The exact formula (see Appendix) is very complicated, but
in the case $\Omega<\gamma$,
it can be very well approximated by
the following formula,
\begin{eqnarray}
f={a\lambda^2\over(4\pi)^2mr^2\sin^4\theta}{\cal F}(q,\Omega_+/a,\Omega_-/a),
\label{energyflux}
\end{eqnarray}
where we defined
\begin{eqnarray}
  &&{\cal F}(q,\Omega_+/a,\Omega_-/a)=
  {q^2\over(1+q^2)^3}\biggl[-\theta(q)\biggl\{{a^2\over\Omega_+\Omega_-}{1\over 2\pi}
\nonumber\\
&&
+{a\over {\Omega_-}-{\Omega_+}}
\biggl({{-q+\sqrt{1+q^2}}\over{q+\sqrt{1+q^2}}}\biggr)^{\Omega_-/a}
{1\over \sin\pi\Omega_-/a}\biggr\}
\nonumber\\
    &&+\theta(-q)\biggl\{{a^2\over \Omega_+\Omega_-}{1\over 2\pi}\biggr\}\biggr]
\label{definitionofcalF}
\end{eqnarray}
and
$
q=a\left(t-r-{1/(2a^2 r)}\right)/\sin\theta.
$
The upper panel of Fig.~\ref{fig:funF} exemplifies the function ${\cal F}(q)$
adopting ${\gamma/a}=1$ and ${\Omega/a}=0.01$.
The lower panel of Fig.~\ref{fig:funF} shows the corresponding angular plot of
${\cal F}(q)/\sin^4\theta$ at $\tau_-=0$ (see also Refs.\cite{OYZ15,OYZ16})

The order of the energy radiation rate is roughly estimated as
\begin{eqnarray}
\hspace{-5mm}
  {dE\over dt}=\lim_{r\rightarrow\infty} r^2 \int d\Omega_{(2)} f
  \sim{a\lambda^2\over 4\pi m}{\cal F}\sim {a\lambda^2\over 4\pi m}
{a^2\over 2\pi \Omega^2}.
\end{eqnarray}
This result is consistent with that of Ref.\cite{LH},
though their result assumes the weak coupling case $\Omega>\gamma$.

\section{Interpretation of the Result}

We will now point out that the physical origin of the remaining radiation is related to
the quantum entanglement of the vacuum between the left and the right Rindler wedges.
 Using the properties of the retarded Green function
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\int d\tau G_R(x,z(\tau)) J(\tau)={J(\tau_-^x)\over 4\pi \rho_0(x)},
\label{defGA}
\end{eqnarray}
for a function $J(\tau)$, the two point function (\ref{interferencew}) with $x,y\in$
F-region can be rewritten as
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\langle \phi(x) \phi(y)\rangle  -\langle \phi_{\rm h}(x) \phi_{\rm h}(y) \rangle
=-i\lambda^2 \int \frac{d\omega}{2\pi} {e^{\pi\omega/a} \over e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1}
\nonumber\\
&&~~
\int d\tau \int d\tau' e^{-i\omega(\tau-\tau')}
\biggl[G_R(x,z(\tau))G_{R}(y,\widetilde z(\tau'))h(\omega)
\nonumber\\
&&~~-G_{R}(x,\widetilde z(\tau))
G_R(y,z(\tau'))h(-\omega)\biggr],
\label{GGRRH}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\widetilde z(\tau)$ denotes the hypothetical trajectory
in the L region.
On the other hand, the correlation of the inhomogeneous term,
which is cancelled by the interference term,  is given by \cite{IYZ,IYZ2013},
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\langle \phi_{\rm inh}(x) \phi_{\rm inh}(y) \rangle
=-i\lambda^2 \int \frac{d\omega}{2\pi} {e^{2\pi\omega/a} \over e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1}
\nonumber\\
&&~~
\int d\tau \int d\tau' e^{-i\omega(\tau-\tau')}
\biggl[G_R(x,z(\tau))G_{R}(y,z(\tau'))h(\omega)
\nonumber\\
&&~~-G_{R}(x,z(\tau))
G_R(y,z(\tau'))h(-\omega)\biggr].
\label{GGRR}
\end{eqnarray}
These two correlations, (\ref{GGRRH}) and (\ref{GGRR}), look very similar but
are different in the following two points, and both of them
indicate that the remaining
two point function (\ref{GGRRH}) reflects the nonlocal correlation
of the Minkowski vacuum state for the following two reasons.

First, Eq.~(\ref{GGRR}) expresses the two point correlation of the field produced by the
detector in the R-region, which is described by the retarded
Green function connecting two points on the trajectory $z^\mu(\tau)$ in the $R$-region
(see Fig.~\ref{fig:pinhphF}). It is due to the fact that  the inhomogeneous part of the field $\phi_{\rm inh}$
is determined by the quantum fluctuations on the real trajectory (\ref{phiinh2}).
On the other hand, Eq.~(\ref{GGRRH}) is obtained by replacing one of the two points on the trajectory
$z^\mu(\tau)$ in the R-region with $\widetilde z^\mu(\tau)$ in the L-region.
This reflects the fact that the correlation function $\langle \phi_{\rm h} (x) \phi_{\rm inh} (y) \rangle$ contains the correlation between the R and the L regions.
Namely, the entanglement of the quantum fluctuations between the R-region
and the L-region will be responsible for
the remaining radiation  in Eq.~(\ref{GGRRH}).

The second difference between (\ref{GGRRH}) and (\ref{GGRR}) is
the numerical factors of $e^{\pi\omega/a}$
and $e^{2\pi\omega/a}$.
It is also a signature of the entanglement of  fields between the R-region and the L-region.
By introducing the Rindler coordinates in the R-region and the L-region,
the quantum field operator is constructed in each region, respectively,
and we may write the field operator as \cite{UnruhWald,Higuchi},
\begin{eqnarray}
\psi=\psi_{\rm R}\theta(x^1-x^0)+\psi_{\rm L}\theta(x^0-x^1),
\label{appendixphi}
\end{eqnarray}
with
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\psi_{\rm R}=\sum_j\left(u_j(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})\hat a_j+u_j^*(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})\hat a_j^\dagger\right),
\label{appendixphiR}
\\
&&\psi_{\rm L}=\sum_j\left(v_j(x_{\tiny{\rm L}})\hat b_j+v_j^*(x_{\tiny{\rm L}})\hat b_j^\dagger\right),
\label{appendixphiL}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\psi_{\rm R}$ and $\psi_{\rm L}$ are the quantum field operators,
$u_j(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})$ and $v_j(x_{\tiny{\rm L}})$ are the mode functions,
and $\hat a_j (\hat a_j^\dagger)$ and $\hat b_j (\hat b_j^\dagger)$ are
the annihilation (creation) operators of Rindler particles in the R-region and the L-region, respectively.
Accordingly the Rindler vacuum states, $|0,{\rm R}\rangle$ and $|0,{\rm L}\rangle$,
are defined by  the annihilation operator, $\hat a_j$ or $\hat b_j$.
The Minkowski vacuum state $|0,{\rm M}\rangle$ is expressed by the superposed
state of the excited states of the Rindler vacuum \cite{UnruhWald,Higuchi},
\begin{eqnarray}
|0,{\rm M}\rangle
=\prod_j\biggl[N_j\sum_{n_j=0}^\infty e^{-\pi n_j \omega_j/a}
|n_j,{\rm R}\rangle
\otimes|n_j,{\rm L}\rangle\biggr],
\label{Minkowskivac}
\nonumber\\
\end{eqnarray}
where $|n_j,{\rm R}\rangle$ and $|n_j,{\rm L}\rangle$ are the
$n$th excited states of the mode $j$ for
the Rindler particles in the R-region and in the L-region, respectively.
$\omega_j$ is the energy of a Rindler particle of the mode $j$,
and $N_j=\sqrt{1-e^{-2\pi \omega_j/a}}$.
This expression describes the entanglement of the Minkowski vacuum state,
as the entangled states of the R-region and the L-region.

Let us consider the field operator of the form (\ref{appendixphiR})
but with  $u_j(x_R)$ being replaced by another  function $\tilde{u}_j(x_R)$,
which we define
$\widetilde \psi(x_{\rm R})=\sum_j\left(\tilde u_j(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})\hat a_j+\tilde u_j^*(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})\hat a_j^\dagger\right)$.
By choosing points, $x$ and $y$ in the R-region and in the L-region, respectively,
the correlation function $\langle 0,{\rm M}|\widetilde\psi(x)\psi(y)|0,{\rm M}\rangle$ can be obtained as
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\langle 0,{\rm M}| \widetilde\psi(x_R)\psi_{}(y_L) |0,{\rm M}\rangle
=\sum_j(\tilde{u}_j(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})v_j(y_{\tiny{\rm L}})
\nonumber\\
&&~
+\tilde{u}_j^*(x_{\tiny{\rm R}})v_j^*(y_{\tiny{\rm L}})){e^{\pi\omega_j/a}\over e^{2\pi\omega_j/a}-1}.
\label{MVtwopoint}
\end{eqnarray}
Here the factor $e^{\pi\omega/a}/( e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1)$ appears when
the two points are chosen  in the R-region and the L-region.
This comes from the relations $\langle 0,{\rm M}|\hat b_j\hat a_j|0,{\rm M}\rangle
=\langle 0,{\rm M}|\hat a_j^\dagger\hat b_j^\dagger|0,{\rm M}\rangle\propto e^{\pi\omega/a}/(e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1)$,
and the same factor appears in (\ref{GGRRH}).

On the other hand, when two points $x$ and $y$ are in the R-region, the two point correlation
function becomes
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\langle 0,{\rm M}| \widetilde\psi(x_R) \psi_{}(y_R) |0,{\rm M}\rangle
=\sum_j\bigl(\tilde{u}_j(x_{\tiny{\rm R}}){u}_j^*(y_{\tiny{\rm R}}){e^{2\pi\omega_j/a}\over e^{2\pi\omega_j/a}-1}
\nonumber\\
&&~
+\tilde{u}_j^*(x_{\tiny{\rm R}}){u}_j(y_{\tiny{\rm R}}){1\over e^{2\pi\omega_j/a}-1}\bigr).
\label{MVtwopointRR}
\end{eqnarray}
Note that a different numerical  factor $e^{2\pi\omega/a}$ appears in the numerator.
This comes from the relations $\langle 0,{\rm M}|\hat a_j\hat a_j^\dagger|0,{\rm M}\rangle
\propto e^{2\pi\omega/a}/(e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1)$ and
 $\langle 0,{\rm M}|\hat a_j^\dagger\hat a_j|0,{\rm M}\rangle\propto 1/(e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1)$,
 and this is nothing but the numerical factor in  (\ref{GGRR}).
By changing the integration variable from $\omega$ to  $\omega'=-\omega$,
the function $1/(e^{2\pi\omega/a}-1)$ is expressed as $e^{2\pi\omega'/a}/(1-e^{2\pi\omega'/a})$
and becomes the same numerical factor.

Thus, the above arguments show that the difference in the numerical factors of $e^{\pi\omega/a}$
and $e^{2\pi\omega/a}$ can be interpreted as an indication of the entanglement
of the Minkowski vacuum between the right Rindler wedge and the left Rindler wedge as Eq.~(\ref{Minkowskivac}).
\section{Summary and Conclusions}
In summary the influence of the detector in the quantum vacuum is generated
in the R-region, which is described by $\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$, and propagates into the F-region.
However, the system  cannot be closed within the R-region.
As we showed,
the remaining energy flux in the F-region, which can be calculated from the two point functions there,
depends on the interference  between  $\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$ and $\phi_{h}(x)$ in the F-region.
Due to the causality, properties of the quantum field  $\phi_{\rm h}(x)$ in the F-region are influenced
by the properties of the quantum states   not only in  the R-region but also in the L-region.
Since the Minkowski vacuum is entangled between these two regions,
the correlation function of  $\phi_{\rm inh}(x)$ and $\phi_{h}(x)$ contains the information of the entanglement
of the Minkowski vacuum.
If there was no entanglement, the energy flux would be completely cancelled out and vanish.
Thus, we can conclude that the  remaining radiation
is a consequence of the nonlocal correlation (or the entanglement) of the Minkowski vacuum between the R and L regions,
and it may be called the quantum radiation.

Detectability of the quantum radiation is an interesting issue, and
in order to discuss it, we first need to extend the present calculation
to more realistic systems.
It is also necessary to satisfy the condition that
thermalization time
(or the relaxation time)  $\tau_R={8\pi m/ \lambda^2}=\gamma^{-1}$ \cite{LH},
with which the system becomes in an equilibrium phase, must be shorter
than the time during which a uniform acceleration is maintained.
We hope to discuss these issues in future publications.

\defa_{ \rm M}{a_{ \rm M}}
\defa_{ \rm R}{a_{ \rm R}}
\defa_{ \rm L}{a_{ \rm L}}
\def\phi_{ \rm L\omega}{\phi_{ \rm L\omega}}
\def\phi_{ \rm R\omega}{\phi_{ \rm R\omega}}
\defF_{ \rm L\omega}{F_{ \rm L\omega}}
\defF_{ \rm R\omega}{F_{ \rm R\omega}}
\section*{Acknowledgments}
This work was supported by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15H05895,
and the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture, Japan, Nos.
23540329.

\begin{widetext}

\section*{Appendix}
In the appendix we just show the result of
the exact formula for the energy flux (\ref{energyflux}) with
\begin{eqnarray}
  &&\hspace{0cm}{\cal F}(q,\widetilde\Omega_+,\widetilde\Omega_-)={q^2\over(1+q^2)^3}\biggl[-\theta(q)\biggl\{{1\over\widetilde\Omega_+}{1\over\widetilde\Omega_-}{1\over 2\pi}
+{\xi^{\widetilde\Omega_-}(q)\over {\widetilde\Omega_-}-{\widetilde\Omega_+}}
{1\over \sin\pi\widetilde\Omega_-}+{\xi^{\widetilde\Omega_+}(q)\over {\widetilde\Omega_+}-{\widetilde\Omega_-}}
{1\over \sin\pi\widetilde\Omega_+}
 \nonumber
\\
&&\hspace{0cm} +{\xi(q)\over {\widetilde\Omega_-}-{\widetilde\Omega_+}}
\biggl({1\over{1-{\widetilde\Omega_+}}}{}_2F_1(1,1-\widetilde\Omega_+,2-\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi(q))
-{1\over{1-\widetilde\Omega_-}}{}_2F_1(1,1-\widetilde\Omega_-,2-\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi(q))\biggr){1\over\pi}\biggr\}
\nonumber\\
&&
+\theta(-q)\biggl\{{1\over \widetilde\Omega_+}{1\over\widetilde\Omega_-}{1\over 2\pi}
+{\xi^{-1}(q)\over \widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}
\biggl(
{1\over{1+\widetilde\Omega_-}}{}_2F_1(1,1+\widetilde\Omega_-,2+\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi^{-1}(q))
\nonumber\\
  &&\hspace{0cm}  -{1\over{1+\widetilde\Omega_+}}{}_2F_1(1,1+\widetilde\Omega_+,2+\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi^{-1}(q))\biggr){1\over\pi}\biggr\}\biggr]
 -2{q\over(1+q^2)^{5/2}}
  \biggl[-\theta(q)\biggl\{-{{\widetilde\Omega_-}\over {\widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}}
{\xi^{\widetilde\Omega_-}(q)\over \sin\pi\widetilde\Omega_-}
\nonumber
\\&&
-{\widetilde\Omega_+\over \widetilde\Omega_+-\widetilde\Omega_-}
{\xi^{\widetilde\Omega_+}(q)\over \sin\pi\widetilde\Omega_+}
+{\xi(q)\over{\widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}}
\biggl(-{1\over{1-\widetilde\Omega_+}}
{}_2F_1(2,1-\widetilde\Omega_+,2-\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi(q))
+{1\over{1-\widetilde\Omega_-}}
\nonumber\\
&&
{}_2F_1(2,1-\widetilde\Omega_-,2-\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi(q))\biggr){1\over\pi}\biggr\}
+\theta(-q)\biggl\{
{\xi^{-1}(q)\over{\widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}}
\biggl(
-{1\over{1+\widetilde\Omega_+}}{}_2F_1(2,1+\widetilde\Omega_+,2+\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi^{-1}(q))
\nonumber\\
  &&\hspace{0cm}
+{1\over{1+\widetilde\Omega_-}}{}_2F_1(2,1+\widetilde\Omega_-,2+\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi^{-1}(q))\biggr)
{1\over\pi} \biggr\}\biggr]
-{1\over(1+q^2)^2}\biggl[-\theta(q)\biggl\{
  -{\widetilde\Omega_-^2\over \widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}{\xi^{\widetilde\Omega_-}(q)\over \sin\pi\widetilde\Omega_-}
-{\widetilde\Omega_+^2\over \widetilde\Omega_+-\widetilde\Omega_-}
\nonumber\\
&& \hspace{0cm}
{\xi^{\widetilde\Omega_+}(q)\over \sin\pi\widetilde\Omega_+}
+{1\over \widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}\biggl({\xi(q)\over 1-\widetilde\Omega_-}{}_2F_1(2,1-\widetilde\Omega_-,2-\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi(q))
-{\xi(q)\over 1-\widetilde\Omega_+}
{}_2F_1(2,1-\widetilde\Omega_+,2-\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi(q))
\nonumber\\
   &&\hspace{0cm}
-{2\xi^2(q)\over 2-\widetilde\Omega_-}
{}_2F_1(3,2-\widetilde\Omega_-,3-\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi(q))
+{2\xi^2(q)\over 2-\widetilde\Omega_+}
{}_2
F_1(3,2-\widetilde\Omega_+,3-\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi(q))\biggr){1\over\pi}\biggr\}
+\theta(-q)\biggl\{
\nonumber\\
   &&\hspace{0cm}
{1\over \widetilde\Omega_--\widetilde\Omega_+}\biggl(-{\xi^{-1}(q)\over 1+\widetilde\Omega_-}
{}_2F_1(2,1+\widetilde\Omega_-,2+\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi^{-1}(q))
+{\xi^{-1}(q)\over 1+\widetilde\Omega_+}
{}_2F_1(2,1+\widetilde\Omega_+,2+\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi^{-1}(q)
\nonumber\\
   &&\hspace{0cm}
+{2\xi^{-2}(q)\over 2+\widetilde\Omega_-}{}_2F_1(3,2+\widetilde\Omega_-,3+\widetilde\Omega_-;-\xi^{-1}(q))
   -{2\xi^{-2}(q)\over 2+\widetilde\Omega_+}
{}_2F_1(3,2+\widetilde\Omega_+,3+\widetilde\Omega_+;-\xi^{-1}(q))\biggr){1\over\pi}\biggr\}\biggr],
 \end{eqnarray}
where we defined
$ \xi(q)=({-q+\sqrt{1+q^2})/ (q+\sqrt{1+q^2}})$,
$\widetilde\Omega_+=\Omega_+ / a $
and
 $\widetilde\Omega_-=\Omega_- / a$ .
This complicated formula is well approximated by  Eq.~(\ref{definitionofcalF}) in the case
$\Omega<\gamma$.

\end{widetext}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Paris: Audot, n.d. (ca.1829). Eighth, enlarged edition of the FIGURES, a supplementary and complementary volume to the essential early French gardening almanac, LE BON JARDINIER, which began publication 1755 and and is still being published today. There are , in fact, 51 plates, 2 more than indicated in the sub-title. These depict botanical subjects, such as roots, leaves, flowers and fruits, horticultural practices, such as grafts and propagation by cuttings and layering, and, of particular interest, a variety of garden tools or utensils such as cloches, spades, water pots, rakes, shovels, a fruit picker, etc. In this copy all the plates have careful contemporary hand - coloring. 12mo (16.5 x 10 cm); 90pp. + 51 plates ( of which 5 are "bis") hand-colored copperplate engravings.
Contemporary marbled paper-covered boards; leather spine with gilt title and bands; marbled endpapers; spine rubbed and worn; occasional light foxing, slightly heavier on preliminary and rear pages, but plates generally bright and fresh.


Intensely dark and sardonic, Sommelier of Deformity is also, paradoxically, an uplifting and redemptive story.
Buddy Hayes, a self-described troll who spends most of his time alone, is both arrogant and self-deprecating. He limits his human contact mostly to his mother and paraplegic grandfather, Puppa, who live downstairs.
While his physical world is narrow, Buddy's imagination is wide-ranging, and his internal monologues are rollicking. His well-armored life changes when he meets Terrance, a strikingly handsome man and gifted banjo player, who is Puppa's new home nurse. Buddy and Terrance forge an unlikely, sometimes awkward friendship that is transformational. Haltingly, Buddy is drawn out of the shadows. He risks friendships and works to uncover the mystery of what he can offer.
While the author describes this work as absurdist fiction, it is not a story of a hopeless protagonist battling a meaningless world. Instead, Buddy is a flawed but steely Hephaestus on a quest for meaning who tentatively begins shaping a new life. For all of its tawdry and graphic language, Sommelier of Deformity is in the end a sympathetic, touching story of healing, community, and self-acceptance.
Through this entertaining and informative introduction to the vital and diverse field of engineering, children will be inspired to build, design, invent, and discover, all while learning about the amazing creations and contributions of civil, chemical, electrical, computer, aeronautical, biomedical, systems, and industrial engineers. Colorful, detailed illustrations highlight the impact and significance of each division with fun, relatable scenarios, encouraging children to imagine themselves blasting off into outer space, interacting with robots, or constructing entire cities.
Barbara Melosh's Loving and Leaving a Church is a deeply personal memoir that provides fresh insight into the struggles of small mainline congregations in America.
Both a clergyperson and a historian, Melosh writes with skillful attention to detail and forceful anecdotes, working to understand what happened during her first stint in parish ministry. Melosh brought her enthusiasm, excitement, and talents to a small struggling Baltimore congregation, only to find that the congregation wasn't interested.
This is not a new story, but what's fascinating is how thoroughly Melosh is willing to expose and examine that painful and challenging moment in her career and in the life of her Baltimore congregation. The congregation, Saints and Sinners, carries in its name a constant reminder that everybody falls short. Melosh's high hopes and aspirations clashed with the wishes of the congregation, which preferred to keep living in the church of the 1950s.
Melosh details the outreach that fell flat, the unfailing focus on the problematic church building at the expense of other concerns, and the congregation's earnest desire to simply remain in existence. It's all here.
The book's tone is engaging and personal, highlighting the very human aspects of being a pastor in a local parish. Melosh covers the fatigue of her first Easter season, the difficulties of opening her home up at Christmas, and the overriding sense of being "unequipped" to really do the work. There is more to be explored—it is clear that it wasn't lack of training that failed Melosh, but a lack of her congregation's willingness to change. Hidden in the tragedy of missed expectations is a hopeful message about the possibilities of finding faith.
Melosh's is a story that needs to be heard by today's church as it considers how it will become the church of tomorrow.
John Okada's 1957 novel No-No Boy, his only full-length work, was the first novel by a Japanese American to grapple with the aftermath of internment during World War II. Edited by Frank Abe, Greg Robinson, and Floyd Cheung, John Okada examines the rest of Okada's story.
The book begins with a detailed biography of the author by Frank Abe, including his family's stint in a Washington state internment camp, his time in the U.S. military as a Japanese translator, and his postwar balancing of writing and pay-the-bills work.
The biography takes up about a third of the book, and the narrative is supported by context-providing quotes from Okada, his family, and his friends. Other essays discuss the importance of No-No Boy, analyze the novel and Okada's short fiction from a critical perspective, or look at the generational difference between born-in-America nisei like Okada and the earlier generation of immigrants.
Because so much of the book relies on familiarity with No-No Boy, it's particularly helpful to include Okada's short stories in the volume to demonstrate his writing style and sensibility. "The Silver Lunchbox" features a young boy about to win an award for perfect attendance at school, only to be waylaid in a magic-realism twist. "Without Solace" is the heartbreaking story of a father failing to process the death of his young daughter. "When in Japan" is a one-act play, a clever comedy mocking the official bureaucracy of the military-industrial complex.
These and other stories familiarize newcomers to Okada and his work, and provide those who know only No-No Boy insight into the author's full ability. This is a strong compilation, mixing Okada's writing with copious analysis of it, and telling a story of his life that both echoes and informs his best-known work.
Beautiful and emotional, Posthumous is about Ellie, a twelve-year-old girl trying to deal with her mother's death.
Life in Paris is pretty great for Ellie and her parents. Ellie's father, Calvert, works for the man who would have been the king of France. Ellie's mother, Etta, writes travel stories for children, though she has never been published. Then one day Etta complains of bad back pain, and life changes very quickly.
In the first half of the story Ellie describes the process of her mother dying, how Etta tried to stay positive, and of the friends and neighbors who rallied around her family. Tears are guaranteed as the story tracks the family's enormous grief.
After Etta passes, Ellie and her father move back to the United States. Ellie wants to get her mother's manuscripts published. She enlists the help of new friends in this endeavor, as well as in making a new home.
The novel is both sad and lovely. Ellie's reactions to the loss of her mother are authentic, as are her expressed feelings of powerlessness. Her bravery and tenacity when it comes to Etta's manuscripts serve as a powerful tribute to a daughter's love. Children who have lost a parent will relate to Ellie and find comfort in sharing her story, but empathy is ensured for all.
Posthumous is about love and hope and finding joy, even through incredible loss. It is a deeply moving story that belongs on any juvenile bookshelf.


This machine is ideal for the installation of breeding fences, motorways and forests. The GRX 4020 model has a maximum height of 2.00m and maximum diameter of 400mm.It will unwind and lay wire netting of all kinds: knoted, welded and multitwisted. It has a tightening system with 2 hydraulic cylinders, 2 hoses and 2 couplers. It has a clamping system for holding the wire while tightened.
*1 Row barbed wire uncoiler for GRX 4020 £865.00.
82 Row barbed wire uncoiler for GRX 4050 £1305.00.


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text:
WRC 6 review: "Would be a lot more impressive if Dirt Rally didn't exist"
By Justin Towell published 10 October 16
The second best rally game on current-gen, after Dirt Rally. A straining game engine is its biggest issue, but accept its few shortcomings and you'll find a fun and engrossing rally sim.
Great fun at high speed
Plays really well online
Varied hazards and surfaces keep things interesting
Scrappy framerate makes it feel unfinished
Handling can feel clumsy at low speed
Outclassed by Dirt Rally in most areas
GamesRadar+ Verdict
Let's be upfront about this: WRC 6 is a good rally game, but would be a lot more impressive if Dirt Rally didn't exist. Dirt outdoes it so markedly in so many areas - environmental detail, motion fluidity, sensation of weight and subtlety of control - there's no question WRC 6 instantly debuts as 'only' the second best rally game available for current-gen consoles. But hey - that's still pretty damn good, and since it's certainly more accessible for newcomers, it's still worthy of your attention.
It's an impressively authentic recreation of the WRC series and its two feeder championships, and you can work your way through them all in the fun, compulsively playable Career Mode. From the slippery asphalt of the Monte Carlo Rally to the Finnish street stages that were patently designed by a sadist, the game is all about finding a rhythm and pushing the vehicle into doing things normal drivers will never experience. Play the game cautiously and it's not much fun at all. You'll always be second-guessing the car's behaviour because it feels awkward and cumbersome at low speed. But start taking risks and employing the 'Scandinavian flick' and you'll soon have a broad smile on your face. Fast-paced sections can make you feel like a rally god as you hurtle over crests and through tunnels of towering trunks and overhanging canopies. And if you can nail a broadsided handbrake turn into a hairpin from 100mph, you'll make Mick Jagger jealous of all your satisfaction.
Pleasantly, WRC 6 prefers for you to be playing the game rather than navigating menus, and leaves you with just a few things to do between races. You can check out the clear objectives for progression and repair your car for the next set of stages. Each damage area has three tiers, and each tier takes a set time from your allowance. While this method is pretty standard, said tiering system works really well.
The game does its best to take away the laborious process of finding the right difficulty setting, which is commendable. You're given questions at the start to see how much experience you have, then the game watches how you play the first couple of runs, before suggesting your difficulty. Although I did find some balance issues in terms of competitor skill from country to country (or maybe I just suck on snow), it set me up with a very well-matched and challenging configuration, which saved a lot of time.
While I played on full simulation settings for the most part, switching to the simplified handling was a bit of shock. I wouldn't recommend it to anyone, regardless of skill. Its enhanced grip seems to snap small steering movements back into line, making for a very finicky drive. You also lose a lot of the inertia that makes a rally game so enjoyable. Simulation handling is much more natural and enjoyable, so stick with that.
Outside of career mode, there are online-enabled challenges with real-world calendar entry cut-offs, which are always nice to have a stab at (even if the times at the top of the table are insanely fast and make you wonder if your car was somehow broken), and an excellent online multiplayer mode. Online rallies see everyone starting simultaneously, ghosted out so that you can see each other but not collide. It's really fun to see a leading player suddenly loom large in front of you as you nail a turn they fluffed. Bizarrely, there's a Mario Kart-esque 'boost start' - where you hold the handbrake before the Go signal – which is a bit arcadey and arguably has no place in the game, but you'll need to learn it if you don't want to play catch-up in every race.
Dash start aside, this is a hardcore rally sim, so it's likely a lot of its target audience will be playing with a wheel and pedals. I tested it primarily on a Thrustmaster T300 RS, which feels great at high speed (especially when the force feedback makes the clamp screw rattle because it's so powerful), but it feels clumsy and fiddly in low-speed hillclimb sections, probably because the handbrake is mapped to a button you have to reach for with your thumb. Standard pad control is much more solid-feeling all-round, and is more immediate and responsive than the wheel. You don't need the wheel to enjoy it, but it definitely adds to the experience.
There are occasional glimpses of real beauty, especially during evening runs when the sun is dipping behind the trees, sending crepuscular rays streaming down onto your dashboard. The haze over distant hills is nice, and tackling a rainy stage at night in the helmet cam is suitably frightening as you swim through a sea of monochrome white on black. However, there is a slight feeling of thinness to the entire engine, brought on not only by rather unpolished, sharp-edged scenery, but by a very disappointing frame-rate. When Dirt Rally manages full 1080p, 60fps motion on PS4, seeing WRC 6 struggle to hit 30fps at any point is simply not good enough. In particularly busy scenes, such as driving past a crowd of animated, 3D people, things can really start to chug, making the game simply feel unfinished. Considering the power of the hardware it's running on, and the quality of its direct competition, this isn't good enough.
If you can ignore the slight shakiness, this is a clear improvement on its predecessor and represents at least a plausible alternative if the super-hardcore nature of Dirt Rally puts you off. But if you're simply looking to buy the best rally game available right now, this isn't it. Maybe next time.
This game was reviewed on PS4.
Available platforms PS4
Genre Driving
Justin Towell
Justin was a GamesRadar staffer for 10 years but is now a freelancer, musician and videographer. He's big on retro, Sega and racing games (especially retro Sega racing games) and currently also writes for Play Magazine, Traxion.gg, PC Gamer and TopTenReviews, as well as running his own YouTube channel. Having learned to love all platforms equally after Sega left the hardware industry (sniff), his favourite games include Christmas NiGHTS into Dreams, Zelda BotW, Sea of Thieves, Sega Rally Championship and Treasure Island Dizzy.


text:
Captain America 3: Civil War Full Movie Download In Dual Audio Hindi – Engliah
September 30, 2021 by Mkvcinemas
Captain America Civil War is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Captain America, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.
It is the sequel to Captain America The First Avenger (2011) and Captain America The Winter Soldier (2014), and the thirteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).
The film was directed by Anthony and Joe Russo from a script by the writing team of Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely, and stars Chris Evans as Steve Rogers / Captain America alongside a cast that includes Robert Downey Jr., Scarlett. Johansson, Sebastian Stan, Anthony. Mackie, Don Cheadle, Jeremy Renner, Chadwick Boseman, Paul Bettany, Elizabeth Olsen, Paul Rudd, Emily VanCamp, Tom Holland, Frank Grillo, William Hurt, and Daniel Brühl.
In Captain America: Civil War, the disagreement over international oversight of the Avengers splits the team into two opposing factions, one led by Steve Rogers and the other by Tony Stark.
Development for Civil War began in late 2013 when Markus and McFeely began writing the screenplay, which borrows concepts from the 2006 comic "Civil War" storyline and at the same time focuses on story elements and characters from the previous Captain America movies to conclude the trilogy.
Following positive reactions to The Winter Soldier, the Russo brothers returned to directing in early 2014. The film's title and premise were revealed in October 2014, along with Downey's starring as Stark; Additional cast members joined in the following months.
Principal photography began in April 2015 at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia, and continued in the greater Atlanta area before concluding in Germany in August 2015, with the film being the first to use 2D digital cameras from IMAX (for the central airport fight in the movie). sequence). The visual effects were provided by almost 20 different studios.
Captain America: Civil War had its world premiere in Los Angeles on April 12, 2016 and was released in the United States on May 6, as the first film in Phase Three of the MCU.
The film was a critical and commercial success, grossing more than $ 1.1 billion worldwide, and received praise for performances (particularly Evans and Downey), action sequences, scripts, and themes.
It became the highest grossing film of 2016 and the twelfth highest grossing film of all time. A fourth Captain America movie is in development, serving as a continuation of Marvel Studios' Disney + series The Falcon and the Winter Soldier (2021), following Mackie's Sam Wilson as Captain America.
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Ant-Man 2015 Full Movie Download In Dual Audio Hindi – English
Doctor Strange 2016 Full Movie Download In Dual Audio Hindi – English


A post or two ago I gave some guidance on how to recognise Dry Rot, without sight of Dry Rot's very specific fruiting body. Since then I've been asked to go a little deeper on rots in construction timbers. This post will enable you to quickly tell a white rot from a brown rot.
Don't worry, I'm not going to list umpteen Latin names and bamboozle you. There are plenty of books on the subject which do this. What I want to do is simplify rot identification and provide you with some basic knowledge you need.
First of all, bear in mind that these rots are fungi. The food is the wood and the agent is the fungus. All that's needed to get decay going is air and water.
Dry wood doesn't rot. Timber is incredibly durable with only moisture and fire being a real threat. By dry, I mean wood with a moisture content of less than 20%. Some use 20% as a marker of decay starting but really, fungus needs a bit more moisture to really thrive and develop. Dry Rot likes a moisture content of 27% plus and Wet Rot won't really get going without a moisture content much less than 23%. Decay will 'survive' in timber with a 20% moisture content, but that's about all. In saying that, 20% WMC in construction timbers should still ring alarm bells; you'd want to know why such a high MC% is present and whether it is drying, stable or increasing.
So with the timber in moist condition, fungal spores will germinate and rot will develop.
In nature; woodlands and such, most rots are in the 'White Rot' category. Whilst in building timbers, most are in the Brown category. This is because most White rots like a very high moisture content, which is not normally maintained in houses very well. External joinery, very wet cellars or flooded sub-floor voids are required for these White Rots to thrive (there are exceptions; I'm generalising).
Here's an image of the foot of an external doorframe attacked by a White Rot.
White rots leave the decayed wood with a pale or colourless appearance. Brown rots may turn the wood brown, though it may not be too many shades darker than normal, depending on the species of timber.
The Brown rots include The True Dry Rot fungus. So if you see white rot damage, that's a good way of ruling out Dry Rot. There's only one Dry Rot and it's a brown one.
The reason for the colour change is the way these fungi feed off the wood. Brown rots can't really metabolise the lignin in wood and their enzymes break down the cellulose and sometimes the hemicellulose. With the pale coloured sugars removed, the darker brown lignin and released lignin products remain, so the wood turns brown.
I hope you have found this useful. Please feel free to ask if you need any further clarification.


"Temperature effects on growth, colony development and carbon partition" by XD Wang, KW Tang et al.
Phaeocystis is an ecologically important marine phytoplankton genus that is globally distributed. We examined the effects of temperature on the 3 most common species: P. globosa, P. antarctica, and P. pouchetii, which grew at 16-32, 0-6, and 4-8 degrees C, respectively. P. pouchetii did not form colonies; P. globosa formed colonies at 16, 20, and 24 degrees C, and P. antarctica colonies were observed at all temperatures. More cells were partitioned into the colonial form at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures for P. globosa and P. antarctica. P. globosa colony size decreased with temperature, whereas P. antarctica colony size showed no distinct response to temperature. Numbers of cells per unit of colony surface area of P. globosa and P. antarctica were lowest at temperatures where highest growth rates and colonial abundances were observed; more organic carbon was partitioned into solitary cell biomass at higher temperatures, whereas the carbon concentration of colonies was not affected by temperature. Maximum quantum yield of P. antarctica and P. globosa exhibited subtle responses to temperature, whereas that of P. pouchetii was relatively invariant within the growth temperature range. Future changes in sea surface temperature may dramatically alter the ecology and biogeochemical cycles of systems dominated by Phaeocystis spp. and result in further degradation, via oxygen depletion and altered food web structure.
Wang, XD; Tang, KW; Wang, Y; and Smith, WO, "Temperature effects on growth, colony development and carbon partitioning in three Phaeocystis species" (2010). VIMS Articles. 958.


This is the secret to having two bulk tanks and never spilling a drop of milk!
Designed for dairy operations utilizing two bulk tanks, this E-Zee Bulk Tank Overflow Alarm alerts the operator that the current bulk tank is nearing capacity and needs to be switched over to the other tank. This prevents overflowing of the bulk tank.
But how does it work...?
It's easy! Set the controller to Tank #1. As the tank fills, the milk level will activate the float on the probe and sound the alarm. The operator is alerted to switch the controller to Tank #2. This will shut off the alarm, disable probe #1 and enable probe #2 (in bulk tank #2).
The alarm is pre-wired and easy to install. It has a resettable internal circuit breaker for short circuit protection and comes with a standard 6ft 120VAC cord.
Each system comes with the Controller, 2 Probes, an Alarm, and 2 Cables. Choose between the Economy or the Deluxe Alarm in the drop-down menu. Also select the length of cable you require.


The gray CMR Microphone Amplifier for Colette Series Capsules from Schoeps allows you to use a Schoeps Colette microphone capsule with a bodypack transmitter that does not provide 12- or 48-volt phantom power. It has a 6.5' long cable and features a TA5-F connector wired for Lectrosonics bodypack transmitters. The CMR has low power consumption, using approximately 1/20 to 1/48 of what a typical phantom powered mic would use. Its cable is reinforced with Kevlar fibers, allowing it to remain flexible in low temperatures while preventing twisting.
Box Dimensions (LxWxH) 7.3 x 5.8 x 2.3"


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A suspect who admitted to attacking Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza has been arrested
LatestNational
Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza. Photo via Youtube
A suspect who admitted to attacking Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza with a sharp weapon on Sunday afternoon has been arrested and a case has been filed against him.
Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza, a resident of Machine Mohallah in Jellum, regularly posts footage and live videos of lectures and speeches to his social media pages and has 4.6 million followers on his YouTube channel.
In the First Information Report (FIR) on the incident, which was recorded on Mirza's complaint under Article 324 (Attempted Murder) of the Pakistani Criminal Code, the priest stated that he received a weekly reward (Islamic class) for a research academy in a building.
Read More: The third wave of Covid-19 started in Pakistan: Asad Umar
After Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza gave a lecture on Sunday afternoon, said FIR, the man accused by the cleric of being armed with sharp weapons was "with the intention of killing" in front of many people. According to a police spokesman, the incident occurred when Mirza was taking photos after college.
In his complaint, Mirza said that although the assailant grabbed him by the neck, he moved quickly and was slapped on the shoulder. The attacker then made a second attempt to reach Mirza but was stopped by two men present in the hall, according to FIR.
Last May, Yelum police arrested Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza and made derogatory and provocative statements against a prominent cleric. He was released a day later after the local court accepted his request for bail.
Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza


The Galisteo Basin Preserve was conceived as a new model of stewardship-oriented, conservation-development. Located 14 miles south of Santa Fe, New Mexico, the Galisteo Basin is internationally celebrated for its scenic, cultural, and wildlife habitat values.
Commonweal Conservancy, a nonprofit conservation-based community development organization based in Santa Fe, has spearheaded this ambitious landscape-scale protection initiative since 2003.
In collaboration with local nonprofit conservation organizations, Santa Fe County, resource protection professionals and countless community members, Commonweal Conservancy has worked for 15 years to acquire, plan and protect the preserve, previously known as the "Thornton Ranch." Prior to Commonweal's involvement, the 15-square-mile property was considered a high-risk development area—one whose peicemeal subdivision would irreparably compromise the region's unique scenic, wildlife habitat, water, historic and cultural attributes.
To protect the property's most significant environmental and cultural resources, in 2003, Commonweal Conservancy negotiated an agreement to purchase the Thornton Ranch in five phases. Rather than allow the property to be subdivided into large lot home sites, Commonweal proposed developing an environmentally-sensitive village development, known as Trenza, that would accommodate mixed-income residential and community-serving commercial development within a 300-acre area. Community design and construction standards were drafted to exemplify best practices of low-impact, resource-efficient, sustainable development.
The majority of the preserve—more than 9,000 acres—was configured to be set aside as protected open space. An extensive trail network was planned to facilitate public access through the preserve's open spaces to adjoining public lands and emergent regional recreation corridors.
During the early years of the project, sales of conservation homesteads supported the acquisition, protection, and stewardship of the preserve. Trenza's development was designed to repay Commonweal's land purchase loans and development costs -- a plan that was ultimately thwarted by an unrelenting economic recession.
Although a subset of the preserve's conservation development goals were accomplished, during the economic downturn, Commonweal was forced to set aside its development ambitions and devote its attention and resources to trail building, conservation easement overlays, fundraising and nonprofit partnership-building.
Toward that end, Commonweal's recently launched a $1.4M stewardship campaign is designed to ensure a future of permanently-protected trails and open spaces, restored wildlife habitat, and carefully conserved cultural resources.


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Q: Irreducibility for cubics and existence of inflection points Consider a nonzero homogenuous degree three polynomial $P\in k[X,Y,Z]$ in $3$ variables with coefficients in a field $k$ of characteristic $\neq 2, 3$.

*

*How can one check whether $P$ is irreducible? Is there an analogue for cubics of the discriminant of a quadratic form that decides this question for conics?

*In the first paragraph here it is claimed that an irreducible cubic either has an inflection point or a singular point, and that this follows from Bezout's theorem. Could someone provide details?

I'm starting to learn about elliptic curves : these are some elementary questions I couldn't find answers to online. Regarding the first point, all I have found is this fact which implies that the equation of an elliptic curve in Weierstrass form is irreducible as a polynomial $\in k[X,Y]$. I'm not quite sure whether this fact is answers my first question. Certainly irreducibility of the Weierstrass normal form should imply irreducibility of the homogeneous cubic $P$.
Reducing the equation of an elliptic curve to Weierstrass form requires as far as I understand, sending the flex point and its tangent line to the line at infinity, thus the existence of flex points is important.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Telecommunications services provider, Airtel Nigeria has announced the launch of its 4G – LTE (Fourth Generation – Long Term Evolution) service in Delta State, covering major cities and towns including Warri, Effurun, Asaba, Kwale, Ughelli, Sapele, Okpanam, and Agbor, amongst others.
Residents and onlookers who witnessed the launch at the Airtel Showroom located at 74 Warri/Sapele Road, Effurun by Water Resources, were full of excitement as they commended the telco for deploying 4G services in Delta State. Akpodubakaye Arthur (JP), Vice Chairman, Warri South-West Local Government, said the switch to 4G will help speed-up economic and commercial activities as well as boost productivity of professionals, students and even traders across the state.


Window #3 over wide entrance base panel.
1 window 1" wide 1-3/8" high Unpainted O Guage. The following windows are designed to be inserted into a wall 1/8"thick from the rear. They are cast with a mounting lip or flange that can be filed narrower to create an internal window frame. Personally I use 1/8" styrene sheet stock for my walls. Fiber board or a Matte board produce could also be used.


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Minions – Movie Review by Anne Brodie
July 10, 2015 by WSS
Directed by Kyle Balda, Pierre Coffin
With the Voices of Sandra Bullock, Jon Hamm, Michael Keaton, Jennifer Saunders, Steve Carrell
Minions! Those crazy yellow hydrant looking hellions – who do everything en masse and scream in a bastardized pan-Europe/Asian/American language – are funny. They look and sound funny and they are such innocents that life is a constant adventure which is funny to us jaded humans. And now they have their own movie.
Minions is the Despicable Me origins film, the prequel in which we learn important facts. Minions pre-date the dinosaurs and have always wanted someone nice and evil to lead them. For millennia they searched and found suitable leaders, only to have them die. Vampires, corrupt leaders, beasts, henchmen and hooligans, next level evil guys.
A highlight of the film is the stunningly sophisticated, hilarious sequence of the Minions marching through history, touching on moments of evil and the perps as they adopt one after another. They walk the ground that man walked, only as a sea of high-pitched screaming yellow, denim wearing enthusiasm.
Cut to 1968 and three Minions (Bob, Stu and Kevin) hear about Villain-Con taking place in Orlando. Surely to goodness they can find someone there whose badness will inspire them to new heights of being? They hitch a ride to Florida with a seemingly nice suburban family also headed that way, leaving a trail of bloodshed behind them. That's right; there is violence similar to that of Wile E. Coyote and Road Runner brand.
Once at Villain-Con they win the chance to intern with superstar-level evil in the form of Scarlett Overkill (Bullock) and her slimy evil husband Herb. Bob, Kevin and Stuart assigned to break into the Tower of London and steal Queen Elizabeth' royal crown, which they are more than delighted to do.
So it's off to London at which point the films problems start piling up, but it's not serious enough to dismiss the film. Pacing is problematic; there may be too much Minionism and too little relief. The comic set pieces aren't threaded together at points, but there are many smiles to be had.
Kids are sure to enjoy it because they don't care much about these plotting / pacing matters. And the grandparents who may take the kids to see the film will appreciate the 1968 soundtrack of Beatles, Stones, The Spencer Davis Group, The Turtles, the Kinks, The Doors, The Who, and for heaven's sake "19th Nervous Breakdown" in a kids animated comedy? Wow.
Filed Under: Entertainment, Latest Updates, What She Said


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Q: vim find replace pattern matching backslash and strings Using vim find and replace, how can one find and replace string pattern such as this:
/local/this/drive/opt/script/ with /remote/script

A: Remember that in Vim you can use not only the slash character as separator:
:%s_/this/drive/opt/script/_/remote/script_g


Copyright © 2016 Codruţa Stoica. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The aim of this paper is to highlight current developments and new trends in the stability theory. Due to the outstanding role played in the study of stable, instable, and, respectively, central manifolds, the properties of exponential dichotomy and trichotomy for evolution equations represent two domains of the stability theory with an impressive development. Hence, we intend to construct a framework for an asymptotic approach of these properties for discrete dynamical systems using the associated skew-evolution semiflows. To this aim, we give definitions and characterizations for the properties of exponential stability and instability, and we extend these techniques to obtain a unified study of the properties of exponential dichotomy and trichotomy. The results are underlined by several examples.


The historic occasion at the Bandaranaike International Airport (BIA), Katunayake, filled with spirits of dignity, pride, excitement, delight and hope manifested the enormous interest that has been created not only among troops but also among many sections of the common people whose sons and daughters form the nucleus of this country's security.
The Army's first batch of 128 (14 Officers and 114 Other Ranks) of a designate 750 strong UN contingent left for Haiti at about 1.00 p.m. this afternoon on a UN chartered aircraft after they were accorded a grand military farewell at the tarmac at BIA amidst religious observances, delivery of National Flag, UN flag, Army flag and the Regimental Flag (Sri Lanka Light Infantry), Parade Command, cultural troupe performances, salute from children of UN troopers, etc.
After UN contingent arrived at the BIA, those troops received religious blessings from dignitaries belonging to all major denominations before they attended to travel formalities and took leave of their next of kin. The major ceremony at one side of the tarmac began after arrival of the Commander who was received by the Chief of Staff and the Colonel of the Regiment, Sri Lanka Light Infantry.
To suit military procedures, the Parade Commander Lt. Colonel T. N Jayasuriya reported the parade to the Commander of the Army, Lt Gen. S. H. S Kottegoda.
Symbolic of the importance of the event, the National flag was then handed over by the Army Commander to the Parade Commander of the UN troops Lt. Colonel T. N Jayasuriya who in turn presented it to one of his troopers.
Former Chief of Defence Staff and Commander of the Army General L. P Balagalle (Retd.), during whose tenure of office this UN initiative was mooted and successfully initiated, presented the UN flag to the Parade Commander of the UN troops.
The prestigious Army flag that represents collective responsibility, brotherhood, dedication and patriotism was then delivered to the Parade Commander by Chief of Staff Major General A. M. C. W. B Seneviratne, followed by personal greetings extended to those UN troopers by the Commander of the Army, former Commander of the Army, Chief of Staff and Colonel of the Regiment.
The Regimental flag of the Sri Lanka Light Infantry was finally delivered to the Parade Commander by Colonel of the Regiment, (SLLI) Major General N. Mallawarachchi who in turn returned it to one of the troopers.
The ceremony reached its highlight with rousing finale when the conch-shell blowers coupled with drummers, flag bearers and the brass band players conducted the departing troops towards the aircraft while children of those troopers lined up and cheered waving Sri Lankan and UN flags.
It was a moment of emotional happiness, sadness and excitement, particularly for troopers who in many instances leave overseas for the first time in their career after leaving behind their beloved ones. Many kith and kin of the UN troopers were seen dropping tears but their faces appeared replete with hope and prosperity as bag pipers tuned with a slow but touching beat of music.
A large gathering of Senior Army Officers was present on the occasion at the airport to see the Army's first contingent off to Haiti.


Decorate your St. Paddy's day table with this simple and inexpensive shamrock straws!
This easy DIY St. Patricks Day decoration is cute and fast to prepare. We have prepared a free shamrock download just for you. Simply download the document, print on your home printer and cut out these cute shamrocks! You can print these on regular weight paper or on cardstock. The thicker cardstock will be sturdier and is recommended. But you can get by with regular paper if needed!
Gently crease at center, make two horizontal cuts on dotted lines. Unfold an insert your straw thru these cuts.
Enter your email below and you will be able to download your free DIY St. Patricks Day Straw topper!
These are a super cute easy St. Patricks Day table decoration or craft for your little ones. These toppers could be placed on pencils as well. My 2 daughters loved them!


Major media outlets have started picking up Google's news today that they'd be aggregating user profile and usage data across all of their products.
To be honest, I didn't find this particularly surprising since I assumed Google had long been doing this.
Our recently launched personal search feature is a good example of the cool things Google can do when we combine information across products.
Google "Search Plus Your World ™" was characterized in many ways when it shipped.
Of all The Web's sentiment I saw, "cool" was not among it.
I suppose it depends on how they end up using the data (and whether or not any independent entity could ever audit those statements to assert truth)… but however they use it, I'm pretty sure it will result in some pretty epic unintended consequences.
Just what is it Google is trying to accomplish?
Lots of things come into play besides accurate answers these days. I understand Google has recently announced they're going to penalize content with a lot of ads at the top of the page. It may be that most of them are crap/scraped content sites that shouldn't rank well anyway, but that doesn't seem to be at issue. I think most people would be surprised at how many things besides accuracy go into Google's results even before this.