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31 Things You Should Never Say During A Performance Review
Jacquelyn Smith
"When done well, reviews can greatly benefit both the employee and employer," says Darlene Price, president of Well Said, Inc., and author of "Well Said! Presentations and Conversations That Get Results." "Unfortunately, not everyone makes the most of these meetings."
Michael Kerr, an international business speaker and author of "You Can't Be Serious! Putting Humor to Work," says it's tempting and all too easy if you are on the receiving end of a review to express frustration at the process or get defensive. But you should resist the temptation, he says, "because you'll want to demonstrate that you are truly listening to what's being said and taking it all in without rushing to judgement," and that you are open to receiving honest feedback, and willing to learn and grow.
"If you truly do feel the feedback is unwarranted, then a more constructive approach would be to saying something along the lines of, 'Thank-you for that. I'm not sure I completely agree with that assessment but let me take some time to mull it over and maybe we can sit down again next week once I've had a chance to consider it carefully,'" says Kerr.
"Save those conversations for another time when you can have a constructive conversation about what needs to change to improve the process."
To help ensure you get what you want and deserve out of your next review, avoid the following 31 phrases:
"But that's not in my job description," or, "But that's not my responsibility."
"Expressing these sentiments raises the ire of any supervisor because it makes you look like you are more concerned about shirking responsibility than you are about doing what needs to be done to help the team or organization succeed," says Kerr. "Managers want people who will do whatever needs doing regardless of whose responsibility it is."
"I'm not paid to..."
Again, this makes you sound not only defensive, but as though you are shirking responsibility and merely interested in doing the bare minimum required to get by, Kerr says.
"I deserve a raise," or, "Can I have a raise?" or, "I should be making more money."
Every employee feels this way. "The trick is to use your performance review toprove you've earned an increase in pay," Price says. "Rather than state the obvious, which may sound demanding and petulant, be prepared to recite three to five documented achievements where you've saved or made the company money. Or say, 'I'm really enjoying my job and growth opportunities within the company. What's the expected timeline in terms of earning promotions or raises, and what do I need to do to get there?'"
"I wish you had told me sooner."
That may very well be, but now is not the time to have that conversation, says Kerr. "Better to turn into a future-focused action by saying something like, 'I'm glad I know this now, and I'll definitely work on that in the future,'" he suggests.
"I'm going to find another job unless…"
Giving your boss an ultimatum goes nowhere fast. "Plus, it sounds a little like Johnny Paycheck's 1977 hit, 'Take this job and shove it, I ain't workin' here no more,'" says Price. "Instead, speak to your boss about specific challenges you're facing, in a professional matter-of-fact manner." Include the quantifiable benefits that could be realized if certain resources were provided to you or obstacles removed.
"That's what everyone says," or, "That's what my last boss told me, too."
Saying something along these lines suggests that you have ignored an issue for some time or you are incapable of changing, Kerr explains. "If you've heard this feedback before, then consider that it's at the very least a common perception about you and work to correct the behavior."
"If you think I'm bad you should see..."
A performance review is rarely, if ever, the time to talk about other colleagues, especially in a critical way. Kerr says this makes you look petty and as though you are passing the blame around or making excuses.
"I'm bored with my job."
"This statement says you're tired, jaded, or fed up with your current role and responsibilities," Price explains. "You're admitting, 'I don't want this job anymore — hire someone else.' Is that what you really want? " In reality, regardless of your feelings, your job is still important to the company or it wouldn't exist. "Instead, say, 'I believe I have even more to offer. With your approval, I recommend expanding my responsibilities to include…' This way, you sound goal oriented and proactive, rather than passive and uninterested."
"Can I give you some constructive criticism now?"
"No!" says Kerr. "Unless that's part of the review process in your organization, flipping comments around onto your boss will only get their back up and make you look overly defensive and unwilling to accept feedback." It's fine to express some thoughts and concerns — and if your boss invites you to give feedback, you should — but be careful not to offend anyone in doing so.
"You're wrong," or, "Are you kidding me?"
Don't argue. You and your employer may disagree and that's natural. Instead of becoming self-protective or defensive, just listen. "Be professional, courteous, and calm," Price suggests. "Rather than firing back with both barrels after an unmerited accusation, say, 'Help me understand your basis for that statement,' or, 'Do you have some specific examples?' or, 'Those comments do not reflect my memory and experience of the situation — may I describe my perspective?'"
"Who told you that?" or, "Where did you hear that?"
This also makes you sound petty and defensive — and worse, may give the impression that you will seek retribution after the review, Kerr says. "Better to ask, 'Can you give me a specific example of when I demonstrated that behavior so I know what to work on in the future?'"
"I think you're being overly critical."
"That may very well be, but saying this makes you look like you don't want to accept responsibility or you aren't concerned about the smaller details," Kerr explains. Remember, it's important to choose your battles. If you feel you are being unfairly targeted then focus on the issues that are most important.
"That's not my fault," or, "It's so-in-so's fault."
Good leaders take responsibility, says Price. "They empathize appropriately with the frustration or disappointment someone is expressing. Plus, they don't blame people or circumstances for the misfortune." While no one likes to feel blame, it's often necessary to hear it — even temporarily absorb it — while you empathize and decide how to tactfully respond. Something like: "I agree. Ideally, we needed to complete that project on time and under budget. Next time, here's what I'll do differently to ensure a better outcome…" is a better approach.
"What the f---?"
Not using profanity may seem like a no-brainer, yet it's easy to let your emotions run away with you when you get defensive. "Avoid profanity as it will only make you look aggressive and overly defensive," Kerr advises.
"But that's just who I am; you knew that when you hired me."
What your supervisor will hear is: "It's your own fault, and I'm incapable of change and not interested in learning or growing."
"Yup, you nailed it. That's me: employee of the year!"
"Now is not the time to use sarcasm, even if you think it will diffuse the tension," says Kerr. "Using sarcasm will, once again, make you come across as disinterested. Similarly, it's all right to use a little self-deprecating humor to show that you can laugh at yourself, but be careful about taking it too far, as it can make you look insecure and lacking in confidence, and there's always the chance your boss will take you seriously."
"You should have...," or, "You could have...," or, "You ought to..."
There's no quicker way to upset a boss than to suggest he or she has fallen short as a manager and is guilty of something (even if they are), Price says. "Instead, take a collaborative approach." Try something like: "To perform at my best, I really need clearly stated expectations. In the future, may we agree to...?" Or, "Moving forward, would it be possible to...?"
"It's about time someone recognized the great work I'm doing."
When receiving a glowing appraisal or positive feedback, avoid saying anything that will make you sound arrogant, Kerr says. For instance: "Tell me something I don't know," is something you should never say.
"Simply accept the compliment graciously and move on."
"I don't care," or, "Whatever," or, "That doesn't bother me."
Blurting out one of these replies after your boss says: "Your 360 assessment this year shows a five point decline in effective listening skills," or, "Your peer reviews consistently indicate a lack of teamwork," is a terrible idea.
"Don't let the death knell of indifference ring during your performance review," says Price. "It'll tank your career fast." Instead, say: "Wow. I was unaware my coworkers felt that way, but I'm glad to know now. Do you have any specific examples you can share that would help me better understand the issue? What steps would you suggest I take to improve in this area?"
Saying nothing is almost as bad as saying any of the above.
"One of the worst things you can do is demonstrate indifference through your body language, facial expressions, or by simply sitting in silence," Kerr says. "Expressing disinterest will make you come across as disengaged from your job, unconcerned about the goals of the organization, and unreceptive to accepting feedback." At worst, it can come across as passive aggressive.
Price also believes this is a detrimental error. "An effective two-way performance review is packed with benefits: it can facilitate clear communication between you and your boss; clarify expectations; foster trust; establish goals and a career path; identify training needs; improve performance; reveal that you're a valuable high-potential employee; and even prepare you for a promotion." None of that happens if you remain silent, she explains.
"So, always prepare several talking points, questions, and appropriate requests or recommendations. Show your boss that your performance review is a significant event, worthy of your full attention and participation."
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SEE ALSO: 13 Things You Should Never Say In A Job Interview


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Pentoxifylline for diabetic kidney disease
Kidney disease develops in 25% to 40% of diabetic patients, usually 20 to 25 years after the onset of diabetes. Approximately one third of those with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) will progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and will require long-term dialysis or possibly receive a kidney transplant. Many patients however may die from associated coronary artery disease or other cardiovascular causes before the onset of ESKD. Pentoxifylline has been described as offering properties that may be beneficial for patients with DKD. We reviewed 17 randomised controlled studies, enrolling 991 patients with DKD, which compared pentoxifylline with placebo, routine treatment or antihypertensive drugs.
Compared with placebo, pentoxifylline significantly reduced serum creatinine (SCr), albuminuria, and overt proteinuria, but not creatinine clearance (CrCl). When compared with routine treatment alone, pentoxifylline did not reduce SCr or blood pressure, but did significantly reduce albuminuria and proteinuria. Compared to captopril or clonidine/methyldopa there was no significant difference in SCr, albuminuria, proteinuria or blood pressure for patients with type 1 and type 2 DKD. CrCl was significantly increased when pentoxifylline was compared to clonidine/methyldopa but not with captopril. No data were available on the incidence of ESKD, time to ESKD, quality of life, or all-cause mortality. The adverse events of pentoxifylline were mild; no serious adverse events were reported in any of the included studies.
Pentoxifylline seemed to have some beneficial effects in improving kidney function and reducing albuminuria and proteinuria (which can indicate kidney health) for patients with DKD, and was not associated with any major adverse effects. However, the current evidence on the effects of pentoxifylline for patients with DKD was insufficient to formulate therapeutic recommendations. More large, high-quality randomised studies are needed to better inform clinical decision making about the use pentoxifylline for patients with DKD.
From the available evidence, pentoxifylline seems to offer some beneficial effects in renal function improvement and reduction in albuminuria and proteinuria, with no obvious serious adverse effects for patients with DKD. However, most studies were poorly reported, small, and methodologically flawed. Evidence to support the use of pentoxifylline for DKD was insufficient to develop recommendations for its use in this patient population. Rigorously designed, randomised, multicentre, large scale studies of pentoxifylline for DKD are needed to further assess its therapeutic effects.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mostly relating to cardiovascular complications. The relevance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DKD has been investigated in recent years, and it has been shown that inflammatory markers are higher in people with DKD compared with the wider population. Pentoxifylline is a methylxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor with favourable anti-inflammatory effects and immunoregulatory properties. The anti-inflammatory effects conferred by pentoxifylline may be beneficial in the management of DKD.
To assess the benefits and harms of pentoxifylline for treating people with DKD.
We searched the Cochrane Renal Group's specialised register (January 2012), CENTRAL (Issue 12, 2011), MEDLINE, EMBASE and four Chinese biomedical literature databases (CBM-disc, 1979 to July 2009), Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (VIP, until July 2009), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, until July 2009) and WanFang database (until July 2009).
All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs studying the benefits and harms of pentoxifylline for DKD.
Data were extracted independently by two authors. Meta-analyses were performed when more than one study provided data on a comparable outcome in sufficiently similar patients. Results of dichotomous outcomes were expressed as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Mean differences (MD) were calculated to assess the effects of treatment where outcomes were expressed on continuous scales, and standardised mean differences (SMD) calculated where different scales were used. Data was pooled using the random effects model. Adverse effects were assessed using descriptive techniques and where possible, risk differences (RD) with 95% CI.
We identified 17 studies that included a total of 991 participants with DKD which met our inclusion criteria. Overall, the methodological quality of included studies was low: 4/17 reported the method of randomisation, 13/17 did not; no study described the method of random allocation; 4/17 studies were considered to be at high risk of bias and 13/17 were considered to have unclear risk for incomplete outcome data reporting; 9/17 studies were at low risk bias and in 8/17 the risk of bias was unclear for selective outcome reporting.
Compared with placebo, pentoxifylline significantly reduced serum creatinine (SCr) (MD -0.10 mg/dL, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.03), albuminuria (SMD -2.28, 95% CI -3.85 to -0.70) and overt proteinuria (MD -428.58 µg/min, 95% CI -661.65 to -195.50), but there was no difference in creatinine clearance (CrCl) (MD -5.18 mL/min, 95% CI -15.55 to 5.19). When compared with routine treatment alone, pentoxifylline did not significantly reduce SCr (MD 0.00 mg/dL, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.07) or blood pressure (systolic (SBP): MD -0.28 mm Hg, 95% CI -2.20 to 1.63; diastolic (DBP): MD -0.15 mm Hg, 95% CI -1.44 to 1.14), but did significantly reduce albuminuria (SMD 0.62, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.07) and proteinuria (MD 0.46 g/24 h, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.74). There was no significant difference in SCr (MD 0.00 mg/dL, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.07), albuminuria (MD -8.79 µg/min, 95% CI -27.18 to 9.59), proteinuria (MD -0.01 g/24 h, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.01) or blood pressure (SBP: MD 1.46 mm Hg, 95% CI -0.57 to 3.50; DBP: MD 1.37 mm Hg, 95% CI -0.23 to 2.98) between pentoxifylline and the active comparator (captopril or clonidine/methyldopa) for patients with type 1 and type 2 DKD. CrCl was significantly increased when pentoxifylline was compared to clonidine/methyldopa (MD 10.90 mL/min, 95% CI -1.40 to 20.40) but not with captopril (MD 3.26 mL/min, 95% CI -1.05 to 7.59). No data were available on the incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), time to ESKD, quality of life, or all-cause mortality. The adverse events of pentoxifylline were mild; no serious adverse events were reported in any of the included studies.
Endocrine & metabolic > Diabetes > Diabetic kidney disease
Kidney disease > Chronic kidney disease > Other treatments
Kidney disease > Chronic kidney disease > Glomerular disease
Shan D, Wu HM, Yuan QY, Li J, Zhou RL, Liu GJ
Shan D, Wu HM, Yuan QY, Li J, Zhou RL, Liu GJ. Pentoxifylline for diabetic kidney disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD006800. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006800.pub2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Archive for the 'Military' Category
The Real Denialism – WSJ
Posted: 3 Jun 2015 in Axis of Idiots, Coast Guard, Comarade Obama, Global Warming Scam, Globalism, Lies, Military, Obama, Politics, Science, SCOAMF, Stupid People
Tags: barack obama, Global Warming, Global Warming Fraud, Global Warming Scam, national security, White House
The global warming scam keeps getting slapped down, but this idiot in the White House thinks it's a threat to national security and is responsible for the rise of Boko Haram.
The stupid is strong in this man.
The Real Denialism
All reasonable Americans—this statement is true by definition—scoffed in 2008, when then-Sen. Barack Obama, having just clinched the Democratic presidential nomination, proclaimed: "I am absolutely certain that generations from now, we will be able to look back and tell our children that . . . this was the moment when the rise of the oceans began to slow and our planet began to heal."
It's been only a fraction of a generation, but the president asserted yesterday that he had mischaracterized that moment. "The planet is getting warmer," he claimed in a commencement address at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy:
Fourteen of the 15 hottest years on record have been in the past 15 years. Last year was the planet's warmest year ever recorded.
Our scientists at NASA just reported that some of the sea ice around Antarctica is breaking up even faster than expected. The world's glaciers are melting, pouring new water into the ocean. Over the past century, the world sea level rose by about 8 inches. That was in the last century; by the end of this century, it's projected to rise another 1 to 4 feet.
Yes, the lucky cadets were treated to a presidential lecture on, in Obama's words, "the urgent need to combat and adapt to climate change."
via The Real Denialism – WSJ.
I'm a veteran, and I hate 'Happy Memorial Day.' Here's why….
Posted: 25 May 2015 in Coast Guard, Freedom, Hero, Memorial Day, Military, US Air Force, US Army, US Marines, US Navy
I have friends buried in a small corner of a rolling green field just down the road from the Pentagon. They're permanently assigned to Section 60. For those of you unfamiliar with the term, it's 14 acres in the southeast corner of Arlington National Cemetery that serves as a burial ground for many military personnel killed in Iraq and Afghanistan. There are fresh graves there.
I spent my formative years in combat boots and all of my friends are in the military, were in the military, or married into the military. I have several friends buried at Arlington, and know of dozens more men and women interred in that hallowed ground.
via I'm a veteran, and I hate 'Happy Memorial Day.' Here's why. – The Washington Post.
Remember our Fallen from Fort Hood…
Posted: 5 Nov 2014 in Domestic Terrorist, History, Islam, Military, Military History, Terrorism, US Army
Tags: Fort Hood
Five years ago today, 13 lives were lost and 32 were wounded in a tragic shooting at Fort Hood, Texas by a crazed Islamist in the ranks. Let us continue to honor their memory today and every day.
"Your loved ones endure through the life of our nation. Their memory will be honored in the places they lived and by the people they touched. Their life's work is our security, and the freedom that we all too often take for granted. Every evening that the sun sets on a tranquil town; every dawn that a flag is unfurled; every moment that an American enjoys life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness — that is their legacy." – President Barack Obama, in a speech during the Memorial Service on Nov. 10, 2009
Budget cuts, errant B1 bomber blamed in deadly 'friendly fire' accident…
Posted: 30 Oct 2014 in Afghanistan, Military, US Air Force, US Army, WTF Files
Tags: A-10 Warthog, Air Force, Army, B-1 Bomber, Fratricide, Friendly Fire
Save the A-10.
The B-1 is not suited for this type of mission. I don't care what these Air Force morons say, it isn't a close air support aircraft. That's complete bullshit. 5 men are dead because of some asshole general's B-1 bomber fiefdom.
The A-10 is the best close air support aircraft on the planet and these assholes are playing budget games with the lives of our Soldiers.
Unacceptable.
Budget cuts, errant B1 bomber blamed in deadly 'friendly fire' accident in Afghan war
The "friendly fire" airstrike that killed five American soldiers in Afghanistan on June 9 is the first known case of a battlefield catastrophe that can be linked to automatic defense spending cuts that greatly curtailed prewar training.
A review of the worst American fratricide in the long Afghanistan war also shows that the military's official investigation faults a Green Beret commander, an Air Force air controller and the four-man crew on the B-1B bomber that conducted the errant strike.
But the investigation, headed by an Air Force general, does not question the use of a strategic bomber for close air support, even though experts say the tragedy illustrates why the big plane is misplaced in that role.
via EXCLUSIVE: Budget cuts, errant B1 bomber blamed in deadly 'friendly fire' accident in Afghan war – Washington Times.
Military bases: Obama's new illegal alien dumping grounds…
Posted: 11 Jun 2014 in Axis of Idiots, Buyers' Remorse, Comarade Obama, Constitution, Crime, Democrats, Failure, Government, Illegal Immigration, Liberalism is a Mental Disorder, Military, Obama, Politics, SCOAMF
…maybe this is another reason he wanted to gut the military.
He needed the space for his new constituents.
By Michelle Malkin
A source tipped me off last week to a curious occurrence: It seems that two planeloads of illegal aliens were recently shipped to Massachusetts. The first reportedly landed at Hanscom Air Force Base in Bedford. According to my tipster, approximately 160 illegal immigrants arrived on that flight and stayed nearly a week before being transferred to a Department of Homeland Security site and then released.
The second flight reportedly was diverted from Hanscom to Boston's Logan Airport this past weekend. I am told that both Massachusetts and New Hampshire officials were on hand. I reached out to Hanscom AFB for confirmation, but did not receive a call back by my deadline.
Question: How many other military bases are stealthily being used to redistribute, house, process and release illegal border crossers?What we do know for sure is that the Obama administration already has converted several other military bases across the country into outposts for tens of thousands of illegal aliens from Central and South America.
via Military bases: Obama's new illegal alien dumping grounds | WashingtonExaminer.com.
Here Comes the Judge…
Posted: 5 Jun 2014 in Buyers' Remorse, Comarade Obama, Communism, Control, Democrats, Failure, Healthcare, Illegal Immigration, Lies, Military, Neo-Marxists, Obama, Obamacare, Politics, SCOAMF, Veterans, Veterans Administration, WTF Files
Tags: Axis of Idiots, Comrade Obama, Democrats, Idiots, Liberalism is a mental disorder, Neo-Marxist, Obama, Socialism
…Judge Jeannine Pirro that is.
She goes to town on the VA issue and the Bergdahl issue. She doesn't mince words.
Once Again, Liberals Bleeding the Military…
Posted: 22 Apr 2014 in Axis of Idiots, Comarade Obama, Democrats, Failure, Government, Military, Politics, SCOAMF, Veterans, Video, WTF Files
Tags: Axis of Idiots, Comrade Obama, Democrats, Military
…a video with Wild Bill for America.
The John Boehner Republicans join the Democrats in destroying the morale of our military.
Vets and Guns…
Posted: 10 Feb 2014 in Gun Rights, Guns, Military, Politics, Veterans
Tags: Guns
…Veterans are being discriminated against because of paperwork, among other things.
What a failure.
http://www.nranews.com/commentators/video/episode-35-vets-with-dom-raso
A Sailor's Perspective on the United States Army…
Posted: 4 Feb 2014 in History, Military, Military History, US Army, US Navy
Tags: Admiral McRaven, Army, Navy
What an incredible speech. Nicely done Admiral.
Admiral William H. McRaven, Address to Class of 2015, 500th Night
Good evening General and Mrs. Caslen, General and Mrs. Clarke, General Trainor, Col Brazil, Command Sergeants Major Duane and Byers, distinguished guests and most importantly Class of 2015. I am truly honored to be here tonight to address the future leaders of the United States Army.
But, as a graduate of a state school in Texas, who majored in journalism because I couldn't do math, or science, or engineering or accounting, I am somewhat intimidated by the thought of giving any advice, to any cadet, on anything. Nevertheless, after almost 37 years in the service, much of that time with the Army, there may be something I can offer.
So tonight, as you begin the final 500 days of your time at the United States Military Academy, I would like to give you a Sailor's Perspective on the Army; not the Army of the Hudson, not the Army of the history books, not the Army portrayed in the countless murals across campus, but the Army you will enter in 500 days—the Army upon which the future of the Nation rests; the Army that you will shape and the Army that you will lead. So, if you will humor this old sailor, I will tell you what I've learned in my time serving with the Army.
In the past twelve years I have worked for the great Generals of this generation; Dempsey, Petraeus, Odierno, McChrystal, Austin, Rodriguez and Dailey. All graduates of the Military Academy, each man, different in his own way.
Dempsey, a man of great humor and compassion, whose quick wit, and keen tactical sense allowed him to secure Baghdad as a Division Commander, lead the Central Command as a three star, and today, as the Chairman, he presides over the greatest change in our military since WWII and he does so with tremendous reason, intelligence and with a song in his heart.
Petraeus, whose understanding of the strategic nature of war was unparalleled. Who saw opportunity in every challenge and who dared greatly in hopes of great victories. His daily command decisions in Iraq and Afghanistan unquestionably saved the lives of thousands of young soldiers.
Odierno, a soldier's soldier, who as a Division and Corps commander in Iraq, fought with a fierceness one would expect of a great warrior and then as the Commander of all forces in Iraq combined that fierceness with the diplomat's subtle hand to lead and shape the future of a sovereign Iraq. And today, he leads the greatest Army the world has ever known.
Austin, the quiet bear of a man, whose deep intellect and incomparable combat experience allowed him to think through every complex problem and to succeed where others might have failed.
McChrystal, whose creative mind and intense drive for perfection, changed forever how special operations would fight on the battlefield and changed how SOF would forever be perceived by the Nation—and in doing so, likely changed the course of the Armed Forces as well.
Rodriguez, the everyman's general who proved time and again, that character matters–that hard work, perseverance, persistence, and toughness on the battlefield are always traits of success.
And Del Dailey, whose boldness and innovation, coupled with a Night Stalkers sense of teamwork and aggressiveness, began the revolution in special operations.
What did I learn about the Army in watching these men and other great leaders like Keith Alexander, Chuck Jacoby, Mike Scaparrotti, John Campbell, Bob Caslen and Rich Clarke? Well, I learned first and foremost that your allegiance as an officer is always, always to the Nation and to those civilian leaders who were elected by the people, who represent the people.
The oath you took is clear; to support and defend the Constitution, not the institution– not the Army, not the Corps, not the division, not the brigade, not the battalion, not the company, not the platoon, and not the squad—but the nation.
I learned that leadership is hard. Karl von Clausewitz once said that "everything in war is easy, but the easy things are difficult." Leadership sounds easy in the books, but it is quite difficult in real life. I learned that leadership is difficult because it is a human interaction and nothing, nothing is more daunting, more frustrating more complex than trying to lead men and women in tough times. Those officers that do it well earn your respect, because doing it poorly is common place. You will be challenged to do it well.
I learned that taking care of soldiers is not about coddling them. It is about challenging them . Establishing a standard of excellence and holding them accountable for reaching it. I learned that good officers lead from the front. I can't count the times that I saw Petraeus, without body armor, walking the streets of Mosul, Baghdad or Ramadi, to share the dangers with his men and to show the enemy he wasn't afraid.
Or McChrystal, jocking-up to go on a long patrol with his Rangers or SEALs in Afghanistan; Dempsey on a spur ride in Iraq; Austin at the head of his Division during the invasion of Iraq; Odierno, cigar in mouth, rumbling through the streets of Basrah; Rodriguez and Dailey always center stage during the tough fights in Iraq and Afghanistan.
I learned that if you are in combat, move to where the action is the hottest . Spend time with the soldiers being miserable, exhausted and scared. If you're a Blackhawk pilot or a tank commander, spend some time on the flight line or in the motor pool with the maintainers and the wrench turners. Whatever position or branch you are in, find the toughest, most dangerous, job in your unit and go do it.
I learned that you won't get a lot of thanks in return. I learned that you shouldn't expect it. Your soldiers are doing the tough job every day, but I guarantee you, you will learn a lot about your troops and they will learn a lot about you.
I learned that the great leaders know how to fail. In the course of your Army career you will likely fail and fail often. Nothing so steels you for battle like failure. No officer I watched got it right, every time. But the great ones know that when they fail, they must pick themselves up, learn from their mistakes and move on.
Rudyard Kipling, the great British storyteller, poet and soldier once wrote, in part, "If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs and blaming it on you. If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you, but make allowances for their doubting too. If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster and treat those two imposters just the same. Yours is the earth and everything that's in it and which is more– you'll be a man my son."
If you can't stomach failure, then you will never be a great leader. I learned that great Army officers are risk takers, but the greatest risk is not on the battlefield, but in standing up for what's right.
I have seen a young lieutenant stand up to a colonel when that officer's behavior was out of line. I have seen a captain challenge a general about a flawed battle plan. I have seen many a general privately confront their civilian leadership and question the merits of the national decisions. All Army officers are expected to take risks in battle. The truly great officers know that real victory is achieved when men and women of character take professional risks and challenge the weak – kneed, the faint of heart, the indecisive or the bullies.
And finally, in watching Army officers, young and old, I learned that the great officers are equally good at following as they are at leading. Following is one of the most underrated aspects of leadership and each of you will be asked to follow someone else. The strength of a good unit rests more on how well the officers follow the commander, than how well they lead their own soldiers. I have seen many a good Battalion and Company underachieve because someone in the officer ranks thought the Commander was incompetent and quietly worked to undermine his authority.
I guarantee you, that in the course of your career you will work for leaders whom you don't like and don't respect. It will be easy to make fun of their idiosyncrasies, their receding hair line, their soft chin or their spouse. Be very careful about getting too smug, too opinionated and too righteous. As long as the actions of y our commander are moral, legal and ethical, then do everything you can to support the chain of command and avoid the rolling eyes, the whisper campaigns and junior officer dissension.
I learned that the great Army officers know how to follow. And what about the soldiers that you will lead? In my career I have been fortunate to have served beside soldiers from the Screaming Eagles of the 101st Division, the paratroopers of the All American Division, the 1st Armored Division, the 1st Cavalry Division, the10th Mountain Division, the 1st, 3rd and 4th Infantry Division, all Groups of the Special Forces Regiment and my beloved Army Rangers.
I learned that the greatest privilege the Army can bestow upon you is to give you the opportunity to lead such magnificent men and women. These soldiers are not without their challenges. Your soldiers will, at times, question your authority. They will undermine your actions. They will mislead you, frustrate you, disappoint you, and occasionally fail you. But, when the chips are down, I mean really down, your soldiers will be there and they will inspire you with their courage, their sense of duty, their leadership, their love and their respect.
In difficult times, your soldiers will be everything you dreamed they would be—and more. All one has to do is look at the citations that accompany the actions of Sergeants Sal Giunta, Leroy Petry, Robbie Miller, Ty Carter, Jarad Monti, Ross McGinnis, Paul Smith, and Clinton Romesha. Men whose unparalleled heroism, above and beyond the call of duty, was only apparent moments before their brothers were threatened. I learned that your soldiers are at their best when their brothers and sisters in arms are threatened. They are at their best when life deals them the hardest of blows and their indomitable spirit shines through.
In 2007, I visited the intensive care unit in Landstuhl, Germany, where the Army was sending all of its most critically injured soldiers from Iraq. As I walked into the sterile room, clad from head to toe in clean white garb, a man lay naked on the bed in front of me. Missing one leg above the knee and part of the foot on the other leg, he was swollen beyond recognition from the blast of an IED.
The doctor in attendance didn't know the man's unit or service. I asked the man in the bed if he was a Marine or a Soldier. Unable to talk, he pointed to his thigh. There on what was left of his thigh, was a tattoo; the 1st Infantry Division. "You're a soldier," I remarked. He nodded. "An infantryman." I said. He smiled through what was left of his face and then he picked up a clipboard upon which he had been writing notes. He looked me in the eye and wrote on the paper. "I –will—be— infantry—again!" Exclamation point. And somehow I knew that he would.
Just like the young Ranger in the combat hospital at Bagram who had both his legs amputated and was also unable to speak. The nurse at his bedside said that he knew sign language. His mother was deaf and the soldier had learned to sign at a young age. He was so very young and a part of me must have shown a small sign of pity for this Ranger whose life had just been devastated. With a picture of hand gestures in front of me, the Ranger, barely able to move and in excruciating pain, signed, "I will be okay."
Admiral William McRaven, commander of US Special Operations Command, speaks to cadets at the United States Military Academy on 18 January (photo credit: USMA PAO)
And a year later I saw him at the Ranger Regimental Change of Command. He was wearing his prosthetic shorties, smiling from ear to ear and challenging the Rangers around him to a pull up contest. He was okay. Just like the young female sergeant who I just visited at Walter Reed this week. She was seriously injured in a parachute accident. With her father by her side, she laughed off the injury like it was a scratch. She's been in the hospital for two months and has years of rehabilitation ahead of her. She has no self- pity, no remorse, no regrets, just determination to get back to her unit.
These soldiers and tens of thousands like them will be the warriors you lead in 500 days. You had better be up to the task, because I have learned that they expect you to be good. And, most importantly, I also learned that y our soldiers expect you to hold them to high standards. These soldiers joined the service to be part of something special and if they are not held to a high standard, if their individual efforts are no more important, no more appreciated than the efforts of a slacker then it will directly affect the morale of the unit.
And I learned that nothing is more important than the morale of a unit. MacArthur once said of morale, "…that it cannot be produced by pampering or coddling an Army, and it is not necessarily destroyed by hardship, danger, or even calamity…It will wither quickly, however, if soldiers come to believe themselves the victims of indifference or injustice on the part…of their leaders."
The great leaders in the Army never accept indifference or injustice and they only judge their soldiers based on the merit of their work. Nothing else is important. Not the soldier's size, not their color, not their gender, not their orientation, not their religion, not their ethnicity— nothing is important, but how well your soldiers do their job.
I am confident that history will reflect that the young American's who enlisted in the Army after September 11th, were equal in greatness to their grandfathers and their great grandfathers who fought in the World Wars—and in 500 days you will inherit these incredible soldiers. Be ready.
Finally, in watching the Army for most of my career, I learned that no institution in the world has the history, the legacy, the traditions, or the pride that comes from being a soldier. I am envious beyond words. I learned that whether you serve 4 years or 40 years you will never, ever regret your decision to have joined the United States Army. You will serve beside the finest men and women in America. You will be challenged every day.
You will fail. You will succeed. You will grow. You will have adventures to fill ten life times and stories that your friends from home will never be able to understand. Your children and their children and their children's children, will be incredibly proud of your service and when you pass from this earth, the Nation that you served so very well will honor you for your duty. And your only regret will be that you could not have served longer.
And if for one moment you believe that because Iraq is over and Afghanistan is winding down that the future holds few challenges for you, then you are terribly, terribly mistaken. Because as long as there are threats to this great Nation, the Army upon which this Nation was founded, will be the cornerstone of its security, it's freedom and its future. And you, as Army Officers, will shape that future, secure our freedoms and protect us from harm.
So what has this sailor learned? That there is no more noble calling in the world than to be a soldier in the United States Army. Good luck to you all as you complete your final 500 days. May God bless America and may we always have the privilege to serve her. Thank you very much.
Doug's Day (2014)…
Posted: 7 Jan 2014 in Military, US Army
Today is Doug's day.
Doug was KIA in Iraq when the Blackhawk he was on crashed with 12 souls on board.
I miss him.
I can't get through this post without crying like a little girl.
Here's the post with more details of the tragedy that took away a bright star from our universe.
In Memory of my Friend Douglas A. La Bouff


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text:
#include "test_coap_connection_handler.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "nsdynmemLIB_stub.h"
#include "mbedtls/platform.h"
#include "mbedtls/ssl.h"
#include "coap_connection_handler.h"
#include "coap_security_handler_stub.h"
#include "ns_timer_stub.h"
#include "socket_api.h"
#include "socket_api_stub.h"
#include "net_interface.h"

int send_to_sock_cb(int8_t socket_id, uint8_t address, uint16_t port, const unsigned char *a, int b)
{
    return 1;
}

int receive_from_sock_cb(int8_t socket_id, uint8_t address, uint16_t port, unsigned char *a, int b)
{
    return 1;
}

int get_passwd_cb(int8_t socket_id, uint8_t address, uint16_t port, uint8_t *pw_ptr, uint8_t *pw_len)
{
    return 0;
}

void sec_done_cb_test(int8_t socket_id, uint8_t address[static 16], uint16_t port, uint8_t keyblock[static 40])
{
    return 1;
}

bool test_connection_handler_create()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    if (NULL != connection_handler_create(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (NULL != connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, NULL, NULL, NULL)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (NULL == handler) {
        return false;
    }
    ns_dyn_mem_free(handler);
    return true;
}

bool test_connection_handler_destroy()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, NULL, NULL, NULL);

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);
    return true;
}

bool test_coap_connection_handler_open_connection()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, NULL, NULL, NULL);

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(NULL, 0, false, false, false, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 0, false, false, false, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    ns_dyn_mem_free(handler);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 0, true, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 0, true, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, true)) {
        return false;
    }

    //open second one
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler2 = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler2, 22, false, true, true, true)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 23, false, false, false, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler2, false);
    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);
    return true;
}

bool test_coap_connection_handler_send_data()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_send_data(NULL, NULL, ns_in6addr_any, NULL, 0, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    ns_address_t addr;
    memset(addr.address, 1, 16);
    addr.identifier = 22;

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, false, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_send_data(handler, &addr, ns_in6addr_any, NULL, 0, true)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 4;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, false, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_send_data(handler, &addr, ns_in6addr_any, NULL, 0, true)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_send_data(handler, &addr, ns_in6addr_any, NULL, 0, true)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;

    //NON SECURE HERE -->
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, false, false, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (1 != coap_connection_handler_send_data(handler, &addr, ns_in6addr_any, NULL, 0, true)) {
        return false;
    }
    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, false, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    socket_api_stub.int8_value = 7;
    if (1 != coap_connection_handler_send_data(handler, &addr, ns_in6addr_any, NULL, 0, true)) {
        return false;
    }
    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    //<-- NON SECURE HERE

    return true;
}

bool test_coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    uint8_t buf[16];
    memset(&buf, 1, 16);
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(NULL, buf, 12, NULL, 0)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler, buf, 12, NULL, 0)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler, buf, 12, NULL, 0)) {
        return false;
    }

    ns_timer_stub.int8_value = 0;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 3;
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    //handler->socket->data still in memory
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    ns_timer_stub.int8_value = -1;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 3;
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    ns_timer_stub.int8_value = 0;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 3;
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler2 = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, &get_passwd_cb, &sec_done_cb_test);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler2, 24, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 3;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler2, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_security_handler_stub.int_value = 0;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler2, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler2, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_security_handler_stub.int_value = MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler2, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler2, false);

    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler3 = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, &get_passwd_cb, &sec_done_cb_test);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler3, 26, false, false, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 3;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler3, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler3, false);

    return true;
}

bool test_coap_connection_handler_socket_belongs_to()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    if (false != coap_connection_handler_socket_belongs_to(NULL, 2)) {
        return false;
    }

    socket_api_stub.int8_value = 0;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (true != coap_connection_handler_socket_belongs_to(handler, 0)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (false != coap_connection_handler_socket_belongs_to(handler, 3)) {
        return false;
    }
    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 0;
    return true;
}

bool test_timer_callbacks()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    uint8_t buf[16];
    memset(&buf, 1, 16);

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    //handler->socket->data still in memory
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    ns_timer_stub.int8_value = 0;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 3;
    ns_timer_stub.int8_value = 5;
    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_virtual_recv(handler, buf, 12, &buf, 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    //Note next tests will affect ns_timer test (cycle & cycle_count
    if (coap_security_handler_stub.start_timer_cb) {
        coap_security_handler_stub.start_timer_cb(1, 0, 0);

        coap_security_handler_stub.start_timer_cb(1, 1, 2);
    }

    if (coap_security_handler_stub.timer_status_cb) {
        if (-1 != coap_security_handler_stub.timer_status_cb(4)) {
            return false;
        }

        if (0 != coap_security_handler_stub.timer_status_cb(1)) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    if (ns_timer_stub.cb) {
        ns_timer_stub.cb(4, 0);

        ns_timer_stub.cb(5, 0);

        coap_security_handler_stub.int_value = MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_TIMEOUT;

        ns_timer_stub.cb(5, 0);
        coap_security_handler_stub.int_value = 0;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);
    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;
    return true;
}

bool test_socket_api_callbacks()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    uint8_t buf[16];
    memset(&buf, 1, 16);

    socket_callback_t *sckt_data = (socket_callback_t *)malloc(sizeof(socket_callback_t));
    memset(sckt_data, 0, sizeof(socket_callback_t));

    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    socket_api_stub.int8_value = 0;
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, false, true, false)) {
        free(sckt_data);
        return false;
    }

    if (socket_api_stub.recv_cb) {
        sckt_data->event_type = SOCKET_DATA;
        sckt_data->d_len = 1;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = -1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);

        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);

        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler2 = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, &get_passwd_cb, &sec_done_cb_test);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler2, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (socket_api_stub.recv_cb) {
        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        sckt_data->socket_id = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);

        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        sckt_data->socket_id = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);

        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        sckt_data->socket_id = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);

        coap_security_handler_stub.int_value = 4;
        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        sckt_data->socket_id = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);

        coap_security_handler_stub.int_value = MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY;
        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        sckt_data->socket_id = 1;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler2, false);

    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;

    free(sckt_data);
    sckt_data = NULL;
    return true;
}

bool test_security_callbacks()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;
    uint8_t buf[16];
    memset(&buf, 1, 16);

    socket_callback_t *sckt_data = (socket_callback_t *)malloc(sizeof(socket_callback_t));
    memset(sckt_data, 0, sizeof(socket_callback_t));

    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        free(sckt_data);
        return false;
    }

    if (socket_api_stub.recv_cb) {
        sckt_data->event_type = SOCKET_DATA;
        sckt_data->d_len = 1;
        nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
        socket_api_stub.int8_value = 1;
        sckt_data->socket_id = 0;
        socket_api_stub.recv_cb(sckt_data);
    }

    if (coap_security_handler_stub.send_cb) {
        coap_security_handler_stub.send_cb(0, buf, 22, &buf, 16);
    }
    if (coap_security_handler_stub.receive_cb) {
        coap_security_handler_stub.receive_cb(0, &buf, 16);
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;

    free(sckt_data);
    sckt_data = NULL;
    return true;
}

bool test_coap_connection_handler_msg_prevalidate_cb_read_and_set()
{
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;

    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (-1 != coap_connection_handler_msg_prevalidate_callback_set(NULL, 1000)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_msg_prevalidate_callback_set(handler, 1000)) {
        return false;
    }

    uint16_t listen_socket_port;
    if (NULL != coap_connection_handler_msg_prevalidate_callback_get(NULL, &listen_socket_port)) {
        return false;
    }

    if (1000 != coap_connection_handler_msg_prevalidate_callback_get(handler, &listen_socket_port)) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;

    return true;
}

bool test_coap_connection_handler_find_by_socket_port()
{
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler_ref;
    coap_security_handler_stub.counter = -1;

    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = coap_security_handler_stub_alloc();

    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 1;
    coap_conn_handler_t *handler = connection_handler_create(&receive_from_sock_cb, &send_to_sock_cb, NULL, NULL);
    nsdynmemlib_stub.returnCounter = 2;
    if (0 != coap_connection_handler_open_connection(handler, 22, false, true, true, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    handler_ref = coap_connection_handler_find_by_socket_port(1000);
    if (NULL != handler_ref) {
        return false;
    }

    handler_ref = coap_connection_handler_find_by_socket_port(22);
    if (handler_ref->_recv_cb != receive_from_sock_cb) {
        return false;
    }

    connection_handler_destroy(handler, false);

    free(coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj);
    coap_security_handler_stub.sec_obj = NULL;

    return true;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This 39 piece Shabby Shimmer thread set has been hand selected by Shabby Fabrics and contains a huge array of gorgeous Sulky metallic threads including Holoshimmer, Sliver and Original Metallic! We used these specialty threads to add sparkle and excitement to the 12 projects within the A-door-naments Club and the 12 projects within the Blooming Series Club! The thread arrives beautifully displayed in a convenient Slimline carrying case making it easy to stay organized and maintain all of your threads in one location!
*PLEASE NOTE: This item ships FREE domestic, and incurs a separate international shipping cost, AND does not count toward the $75 Free Shipping for domestic customers.


Our hard-ripened Parmesan cheese adds a roasted, buttery cheese flavor to this gluten-free breading.
Set up a coating station with one pan with half of the coating, one pan with the eggs (beaten with the water), and a pan with the rest of the coating.
Dredge your product, such as chicken, in the first pan, then in the egg mix, and then finally into the other coating pan.
Fry product until the coating is golden brown.


text:
Q: Is it possible to limit a user to 1 command every x seconds? I know there is a command cooldown for separate commands but I'm wondering if you could limit every command at once so no matter what command the person uses it will have a cooldown afterwards before the next command can be used. So if I ran !test I cant use !test1 for another 5 seconds.

A: Simply create a global cooldown instance
global_cooldown = commands.CooldownMapping.from_cooldown(1, 5.0, commands.BucketType.user) # Feel free to change it

And then add a check, if you want a global cooldown for all commands:
@bot.check
async def cooldown_check(ctx):
    bucket = global_cooldown.get_bucket(ctx.message)
    retry_after = bucket.update_rate_limit()
    if retry_after:
        raise commands.CommandOnCooldown(bucket, retry_after)
    return True

All commands will have a shared cooldown.
If you want a decorator for a few commands with a shared cooldown
def shared_cooldown():
    def predicate(ctx):
        bucket = global_cooldown.get_bucket(ctx.message)
        retry_after = bucket.update_rate_limit()
        if retry_after:
            raise commands.CommandOnCooldown(bucket, retry_after)
        return True
    return commands.check(predicate)

@shared_cooldown()
async def foo(ctx):
    ...

@shared_cooldown()
async def baz(ctx):
    ...

foo and baz will have a shared cooldown.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


On August 11th 2018 my youtube channel was demonetized for using copyrighted content in some of my videos.
What was interesting was that it followed the ban of Alex Jones of infowars.com by only a few days and I didn't have multiple strikes on my channel, only 1 at the time from a prominent member of the alt right. It's difficult to know exactly why I lost the monetization but those in a witch hunt for Alex Jones might accidentally also confuse my ideas for his. Although we both are in a similar genre of alternative viewpoints online, I have made a number of videos criticizing his bizarre and insulting behavior to even his former viewers that had the guts to call him out long ago.
In the witch hunt against fake news, many innocent people have been caught up in the crosshairs and I think its possible youtube came up with a excuse to demonetize my channel. Youtube's auto messaging system advised me to clean up the channel and reapply for the partner program after September 13th 2018.
Hundreds of videos have been deleted however some particular viewpoints might need to be moved to other video platforms and that is being considered at this time while I backup my entire channel. Maybe that 2005 interview with Alex Jones should come down as well.
I wanted to log in today and make this post and hopefully end a period of inactivity for the channel. In fact, I have wondered if my other niche news based websites should be taken down in order to center my focus on writing on my main website. I do plan on leaving offgridco.com up no matter what and posting some original commentary soon on my off grid thoughts from deep in the green of southern Colorado.
A lot of the events that are taking place now mirror my own warnings given verbally via on my youtube channel about the fake news being used to demonize the real grassroots media outlets. The entire thing is chilling and has provoked me to consider other means of reaching my audience via printed zines sent out via mail as the digital clampdown continues.
I will be back to my own website, my own platform with many more thoughts and more posts occuring at a regular rate.
Please sign up to my newsletter above on this website. Other tips are welcome.


Just last week, Nicole Atkins announced album details for her newest release, Goodnight Rhonda Lee. Recorded in five days, live to tape, and produced by Niles City Sound (Leon Bridges) with additional mixing by Ben Tanner (Alabama Shakes), the album features tracks that were written during a time of deep self-examination.
As Atkins struggled with faltering sobriety and her father's cancer, she began writing about loneliness, separation, and living in fear of new surroundings. Goodnight Rhonda Lee is the album that gave Atkins the ability to find her voice and share personal turmoil with listeners.
Goodnight Rhonda Lee is set for release on July 21st and available for pre-order here. Fans can stream the album's title track here and check out the album art and track listing below!


Clearly define, understand, and record all workflows. Take the time to map out what your firm does and how it does it. Do you offer different services among clients? How do the steps differ between services and clients? Which steps are the same across all clients and services? This is where most firms end their effort—with a checklist that defines and records workflows. A thorough checklist is a good start, but it's not a workflow process. You have to take the next steps.
Make the plan reflect reality. Once you have a detailed checklist, the next task is to calculate the duration and work involved for each step. Think in terms of resources (including employee strengths and experience) and clients (their needs, expectations, and behaviors). This is essential to developing logical and realistic workflows. For example, intake on a standard Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, may be completed in 15 minutes by an experienced senior, but it may take 30 minutes or longer when it's done by a less-experienced junior seeing a new client for the first time. Some clients might fill out the intake worksheet while others deliver a shoebox full of receipts. Understanding and accommodating client idiosyncrasies at the beginning of the engagement—and matching those with the right employee(s)—will help ensure that your workflow is a better match for what will actually happen.
Leverage technology. Even for smaller firms, the benefits of leveraging technology for workflow can outweigh the upfront costs. Firms can invest in resource scheduling and project management software to eliminate offline spreadsheets, confusing email threads, and cryptic Post-it notes. There are several software-as-a-service (SaaS) products that require minimal setup time and ongoing maintenance.
Expect the unexpected. Despite your best efforts to rationalize workflows and understand your clients and employees, real-life events always intrude on the best-laid plans. Workflow scheduling with optimization will help your firm handle the curveballs thrown by clients and your own employees—when they are sick or miss work—by re-racking the schedule overnight so everyone is on the same page come the next day.
Integrate workflow scheduling with time tracking. Employees dislike completing time sheets, and asking them to remember details about their work at the end of the day or week leads to bad data and fewer billable hours. Any workflow solution should include an integrated time-tracking capability so that as employees complete their work, the details of the activity—client, engagement, activity, and duration—are captured in the time sheet automatically. Ideally, a timer should start when an employee picks up a Form 1040 and should stop when he or she is finished.
What's commonly referred to as "workflow" in professional services businesses is the series of processes necessary to accomplish various tasks. An accounting firm could define one workflow stream as moving a tax return from initialization to completion and cash collection.
—By William Cornfield (billc@wsg.com), president at WSG Systems in New York City.


text:
A Short History of World Sailing
The world governing body for the sport of sailing was created in Paris in October 1907. It was initially called the International Yacht Racing Union (IYRU) before the name was changed to the International Sailing Federation (ISAF) on 5 August 1996. And later to World Sailing in 2015.
The IYRU evolved from the need for racing sailors to have a uniform set of rules and measurement standards Before 1870 individual yacht clubs developed their own set of racing rules of which each was the sole arbiter in interpreting and applying them. While the popularity of racing against other clubs grew so did the confusion and frustration on the race course.
In Britain, there were several attempts to develop a uniform set of rules and the first meeting to develop such rules was the 'Yachting Congress' organised by the Royal Victoria Yacht Club on 1 June 1868. This congress was attended by 23 representatives from 14 clubs. Under the guidance of Captain Mackinnon, a sub-committee of the congress compiled a pamphlet of the existing rules on all the yacht clubs.
The Congress met again on 4 March 1869 when a draft of the racing rules were examined and adopted. However, when published in the yachting press it met with severe criticism and was abandoned.
A number of associations were subsequently formed and their rules again rejected. In 1881, when HRH Albert Edward, Prince of Wales was Commodore of the Royal Thames Yacht Club and the Royal Yacht Squadron, the two clubs joined the Yacht Racing Association along with the New Thames Yacht Club and developed a set of rules for British waters.
There was still confusion over the different measurement standards that were being used in Europe, North America and Britain which meant yachts from different countries could not compete on equal terms. Major Brooke Heckstall-Smith, secretary of the Yacht Racing Association, wrote to the Yacht Club de France expressing the need to devise an international rule of measurement for racing yachts that was acceptable to all European countries. As a result, an International Conference on Yacht Measurement was held in London in January and June 1906 and the 'Metre Rule' was developed. The attendees formed the International Yacht Racing Union and adopted a common code of yacht racing rules based on that of the YRA. The rule is still used today in the 12 Metre, 8 Metre, 6 Metre and other Metre boats.
At that time the IYRU comprised of the yachting authorities of Austria-Hungary, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Holland and Belgium, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland.
In November 1929, representatives from the North American Yacht Racing Union actively took part in the discussions to ensure that the North American Yacht Racing Rules and the International Yacht Racing Rules were almost identically worded and that neither one would change their rules without first informing the other. In 1960 a totally universal code of racing rules was agreed and implemented.
From 1906 to 1946 a chairman was elected from time to time to orchestrate the annual meetings of the IYRU. In 1946, Sir Ralph Gore was elected the first President and since then the ISAF has seen five Presidents: Sir Peter Scott (GBR) 1955-69, Beppe Croce (ITA) 1969-86 Peter Tallberg (FIN) 1986-1994, Paul Henderson (CAN) 1994-2004, Göran Petersson (SWE) 2004-2012 and Carlo Croce (ITA) 2012 to present.
The International Sailing Federation is officially recognised by the International Olympic Committee as the governing authority for sailing world-wide. As such, ISAF is responsible for promotion of the sport internationally, managing sailing at the Olympic Games, developing the International Racing Rules and Regulations for all sailing competitions and the training of judges, umpires and other administrators, the development of the sport around the world, as well as representing sailors in all matters concerning the sport. The name change to the International Sailing Federation in 1996 came with the change to the name of the sport on the Olympic programme from Yachting to Sailing.
In order to promote the development of the sport the ISAF has established several events - including, but not limited to the ISAF Sailing World Championships and ISAF Sailing World Cup (for Olympic equipment), ISAF Youth Sailing World Championship, ISAF Team Racing World Championship, ISAF Match Racing World Championship, ISAF Women's Match Racing World Championship, ISAF Nations Cup, as well as endorsing and grading the top international match racing and Olympic Class regattas, the results of which go towards sailors' world rankings, which are administered by ISAF.
ISAF currently consists of 139 member nations who are its principle members, and responsible for the decision making process that governs the sailing world.
There are currently over 100 ISAF International, Recognized and Classic Yacht Classes, ranging from the small Optimist Dinghy up to the largest, the 60ft Monohulls.
ISAF, from its outset, has worked towards a primary goal to ensure that as many people as possible go sailing.
In 2007 ISAF celebrated it's Centenary year by celebrating sailing. The ISAF members, sailing clubs, regatta organizers, sailors and fans were encouraged to organize activities to mark the Centenary with the 'Sail the World weekend' dedicated to getting as many people out on the water world-wide as possible. ISAF also launched the ISAF Sailing Hall of Fame in 2007 to acknowledge some of the sports greatest achievers.
ISAF changed to World Sailing at the end of 2015 as the federation continued to grow as an International Governing Body.
Officers & Officials of Honour
President Kim Andersen (DEN)
Presidents of Honour His Majesty King Harald V of Norway
His Majesty King Constantine
Vice-Presidents Jan Dawson (NZL)
W. Scott Perry (URU)
Ana Sanchez del Campo Ferrer (ESP)
Yann Rocherieux (FRA) - Athletes' Rep
Presidents of Honour
1958 - 1991 His Majesty King Olav of Norway
1994 - His Majesty King Harold V of Norway
1994 - His Majesty King Constantine
From 1906 to 1946 a chairman was elected from time to time rather than a President. The first President was elected in 1946.
1946 - 1955 Ralph G Gore (GBR)
1955 - 1969 Peter Scott (GBR)
1969 - 1986 Beppe Croce (ITA)
1986 - 1994 Peter Tallberg (FIN)
1994 - 2004 Paul Henderson (CAN)
2004 - 2012 Göran Petersson (SWE)
2012 -2016 Carlo Croce (ITA)
2016 - Kim Andersen (DEN)
Current Board of Directors can be found here - www.sailing.org/about/board-of-directors.php


text:
Q: mongodb PHP extension not found? I followed the manual, I mpved the php_mongo.dll into the PHP extension folder,
and added extension=php_mongo.dll to the php.ini file and it's given me an error when I try and you rockmango that "To make things right, you must install php_mongo module. Here for installation documents on PHP.net." but I have alread done this any solutions? I am running the lattest version of PHP and mongodb

A: Check php --ini shows the correct config file being used.
Check php -i (phpinfo) and make sure the module is actually loaded.
Double check you have the right flavour of the module for your version of PHP. (VC6, VC8, VC9, TS, NTS, etc.)
I got my mongo module (1.2.9) for PHP 5.4 32bit on windows from stealth35. It works like a charm.

A: Often there are multiple PHP locations with different php.ini files.
If you are worried about working in mod_php (through apache) or as a fastcgi then create a file with the following contents.
<?php phpinfo();
Then visit that file in a browser. It will have all the settings and modules listed that are currently being loaded. It will also tell you which php.ini file and modules directory being used.
Please make sure that the ini listed is the one you added mongo dll line.


text:
Q: how can I loop over all subsets of an array? given an array
  a[1]=10,a[2]=20,a[3]=30

anyone got an iterator that runs over all subsets. for example:
   function show(lst) { print ""; for(i in lst ) print(i,lst[i]) }

e.g.
  forsubs("show", a)  ==>

10
20
30
40
10, 20
10,30
20,30
10,20,30

A: using the binary counter trick
$ awk 'BEGIN{n=split("10 20 30",a);
             for(i=0;i<2^n;i++)
               {printf "{";
                for(j=0;j<n;j++) printf "%s", and(i,2^j)?" "a[j+1]:"";
                print " }"}}'
{ }
{ 10 }
{ 20 }
{ 10 20 }
{ 30 }
{ 10 30 }
{ 20 30 }
{ 10 20 30 }

A: Here's the same code as @karakfa, but storing to an array
# subs.awk
function push(a,x) { a[length(a)+1] = x }

function subs(a,b,  n,i,j) {
   n = length(a)
   for(i=1;i<2^n;i++) {
      b[i]["\\"]
      delete b[i]["\\"]
      for(j=0;j<n;j++)
        if(and(i,2^j))
           push(b[i], a[j+1]) }}

function demo(  a,b,i,j) {
  split("a b c d",a," ")
  subs(a,b)
  for(i in b) {
    for(j in b[i]) printf(" " b[i][j])
     print ""}}

BEGIN { demo() }

Output:
gawk -f subs.awk
a
b
a b
c
a c
b c
a b c
d
a d
b d
a b d
c d
a c d
b c d
a b c d

A: Reusing  the get_combs() function from how-would-i-loop-over-pairs-of-values-without-repetition-in-bash
$ cat subsets.awk
###################
# Calculate all combinations of a set of strings, see
# https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Combinations#AWK
###################

function get_combs(A,B, i,n,comb) {
    ## Default value for r is to choose 2 from pool of all elements in A.
    ## Can alternatively be set on the command line:-
    ##    awk -v r=<number of items being chosen> -f <scriptname>
    n = length(A)
    if (r=="") r = 2

    comb = ""
    for (i=1; i <= r; i++) { ## First combination of items:
        indices[i] = i
        comb = (i>1 ? comb OFS : "") A[indices[i]]
    }
    B[comb]

    ## While 1st item is less than its maximum permitted value...
    while (indices[1] < n - r + 1) {
        ## loop backwards through all items in the previous
        ## combination of items until an item is found that is
        ## less than its maximum permitted value:
        for (i = r; i >= 1; i--) {
            ## If the equivalently positioned item in the
            ## previous combination of items is less than its
            ## maximum permitted value...
            if (indices[i] < n - r + i) {
                ## increment the current item by 1:
                indices[i]++
                ## Save the current position-index for use
                ## outside this "for" loop:
                p = i
                break
            }
        }

        ## Put consecutive numbers in the remainder of the array,
        ## counting up from position-index p.
        for (i = p + 1; i <= r; i++) indices[i] = indices[i - 1] + 1

        ## Print the current combination of items:
        comb = ""
        for (i=1; i <= r; i++) {
            comb = (i>1 ? comb OFS : "") A[indices[i]]
        }
        B[comb]
    }
}

BEGIN {
    n = split("10 20 30",A)
    for (r=1; r<=n; r++) {
        delete B
        get_combs(A,B)
        PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc"
        for (comb in B) {
            print comb
        }
    }
}

$ awk -f subsets.awk
10
20
30
10 20
10 30
20 30
10 20 30

A: Is there anyway to

*

*keep simplicity of @karakfa's approach...

*... while also but adding in how   @EdMorton's code generates things smallest to largest?

I tried   change @karakfa's inner loops but that did not work.
What I
could do (which I don't like) is to add a post-processor that sorts
on size (see below).
But anyone got a more elegant method?
 # subs.awk
function push(a,x) { a[length(a)+1] = x }

function subs(a,b,  m,n,i,j) {
   n = length(a)
   for(i=1;i<=2^n ;i++) {
     b[i][0]
     delete b[i][0]
     for(j=0;j<n;j++)
       if(and(i,2^j))
          push(b[i], a[j+1]); }}

function sizeSort(_,a,__,b,  l1,l2) {
  l1=length(a)
  l2=length(b)
  return l1==l2 ? 0 : (l1<l2 ? -1 : 1) }

function demo(  a,b,i,j,n) {
  split("10 20 30 40",a," ")
  subs(a,b)
  n=asort(b,c,"sizeSort")
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++) printl(c[i]) }

function printl(a,   i){
  for(i in a) printf(" " a[i])
  print "" }

BEGIN { demo() }

Output:
% gawk -f subs.awk

 20
 30
 10
 40
 20 30
 10 20
 10 40
 20 40
 30 40
 10 30
 10 20 30
 10 30 40
 20 30 40
 10 20 40
 10 20 30 40


text:
Cara Delevingne Opens Up About Her Battle With Depression
Cara Delevingne Tweets About Battle With Depression
April 1, 2016 by Kelsie Gibson
While many people believed that Cara Delevingne took a break from modeling to focus on her acting career, the 23-year-old has revealed the real reason is because she's been battling depression. The Suicide Squad actress opened up to her fans in a series of tweets on Thursday, writing, "I suffer from depression and was a model during a particularly rough patch of self hatred. I am so lucky for the work I get to do but I used to work to try and escape and just ended up completely exhausting myself. I am focusing on filming and trying to learn how to not pick apart my every flaw. I am really good at that." After clarifying her words, which she deemed "word vomit," Cara then followed up by posting an inspirational message on her Instagram, simply captioning it, "Truth." See the snap below, and then check out five times Cara was truly inspirational.
A post shared by Cara Delevingne (@caradelevingne)
Image Source: Getty / David M. Benett
Celebrity InstagramsCara DelevingneCelebrity Twitter
Barack Obama Celebrates Michelle's 57th Birthday: "Every Moment With You Is a Blessing"
Christopher Meloni and Mariska Hargitay Are Back to Business in These New SVU Set Selfies
Olympia Ohanian's Reaction to Qai Qai Dancing With Shakira Is Guaranteed to Make You Smile
"You Are Never Alone": Kamala Harris Honors Her Divine Nine Sorority AKA in Heartfelt Post
That's My Best Friend: Saweetie's Pink Tie-Dye Sweatsuit Can Be Yours For $154
by Chris Roney 3 days ago


The Footed Frederik is Boho inspired shades, simple design, the softest organic cotton and oh-so-snuggly!
It's the perfect Growsuit to keep little toes toasty and sizes Newborn to 6-12 months also include mittens for warming tiny fingers. Versatile in spades mean that you can take your babe straight out of bed and into the world, without them looking like their in PJs! Although mama if YOU wear your jammies to the shops, we won't judge because let's face it, that's sometimes #mumlife.
Don't forget to check out all of Frederik's colours: Mustard and Pale Pink.
Made from 100% GOTS Cotton with approved non-toxic, vegetable inks so it's safe on skin and safe on the planet.


text:
Home Opinions U.S. needs to practice what it preaches about nukes
U.S. needs to practice what it preaches about nukes
By Tom Stone
When the United States dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945, 100,000 civilians were killed.
Several days later, another nuclear weapon was unleashed on Nagasaki, leaving a death toll of 50,000.
Both cities were razed to the ground, and survivors were left with permanent physical and psychological scars. The effects of radiation poisoning have still not fully dissipated.
The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were certainly not crimes on the same level as the Holocaust or Stalin's purges. However, one ought not to mince words when discussing them; an act of terrorism is an act of terrorism, no matter who commits it. And the fact that a purportedly democratic, human rights-loving country such as the United States perpetrated them makes the atrocities even worse.
Condemnation of the attacks was never limited to leftists or radicals. Even top military leaders and mainstream politicians criticized President Harry S Truman's decision. As Dwight D. Eisenhower admitted, "Japan was already defeated . dropping the bomb was completely unnecessary. I thought that our country should avoid shocking world opinion by the use of a weapon whose employment was no longer necessary to save American lives."
The events in Hiroshima and Nagasaki are chillingly relevant today. Decades later, the American government continues its disgusting behavior with nuclear weapons. The United States actively maintains and develops a nuclear arsenal – the largest on Earth. And, as you may or may not know, it still pursues the use of such weapons. This can be seen in the use of depleted uranium (DU) projectiles and bunker-busters.
Under the administration of George Bush Sr., the American military utilized DU shells in the first Gulf War. These shells showed very strong armor-piercing capability, and when they exploded, they let out radioactive dust into the air. The shells themselves may have been aimed at military targets, but the dust they created had horrifying consequences for Iraqi civilians and U.S. soldiers.
When breathed in, the dust stays in one's lungs for an extremely long time. It leads to huge rates of cancer, radiation poisoning, deformities and serious birth defects. In short, it has effects very similar to those of a standard nuclear weapon.
At least 320 – and possibly 1,000 – tons of the dust were released in Iraq and the neighboring countries of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. An estimate from the UK Atomic Energy Agency predicts that this dust will cause half a million deaths in the region before the end of the century.
A Democratic president, Bill Clinton, also used DU weaponry during his 1999 invasion of the Balkans. Although the weapons were used less in this war, they still released huge quantities of the deadly dust. It will almost certainly have ugly consequences for civilians in the area for many years to come. What is more, it is extremely probable that DU played a role in George W. Bush's attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq, although is not yet clear to what extent.
Bunker-busters are designed to penetrate the earth and detonate hundreds of underground bunkers. While advertised as effective tactical weapons, these bombs are enormously hazardous and unpredictable.
According to the Federation of American Scientists, the most powerful of these "would have blown out a crater almost a thousand feet across and thrown a cloud of radioactive fallout tens of thousands of feet into the air." We can only imagine the nightmarish results.
Until very recently, the Bush administration was heavily funding the development of these bombs. After stern scientific warnings from scientists and public outcry, the U.S. government reluctantly agreed to stop the bunker-buster program. The very fact that Bush consciously desired such a weapon speaks volumes.
The U.S. nuclear policy is not only dangerous and deadly, it also displays staggering hypocrisy. Iran and North Korea might develop a single atomic bomb in a number
of years, yet despite its long and horrendous record with nuclear arms, the American government feels it has the right to criticize these countries. It acts as the world's nuclear policeman. How can one expect Mahmoud Ahmadinejad or Kim Jong-Il to act when "the world's only superpower" has repeatedly set such a bad example?
If the United States really wanted to put an end to the global proliferation of WMDs, it would actually start to follow the nuclear logic it imposes on other states. The United States could put an end to WMD production and use if it wanted to, but don't expect this to happen any time soon.
Such is the insane mindset of imperialism: a mindset that threatens the very existence of the human race. This madness must be ended before it is too late.
Information from – ohchr.org, fas.org, historyisaweapon.com
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People should consider the darker side of Hallmark Movies
Nancy Bowne - December 6, 2020 0
Hallmark movies are perhaps one of the only things my whole family can agree on to watch.
Meeting friends online is a good life skill
Nancy Bowne - November 23, 2020 0
Especially during quarantine, I've noticed a bit of a shift during the remote semester and not relying on a school setting to nurture old friendships and create new ones. But what people don't realize is the relatively modern way of meeting people online that has only been made more accessible due to social media and apps.
Trader Joe's— best value for College students
Natalie Notaro - November 23, 2020 1
It's just another Sunday. You go to the refrigerator to make breakfast, but only to the gut-wrenching realization that you are once again, out of food. Going to the grocery store can be overwhelming, and it is a chore that few college students enjoy partaking in. Instead of blowing off groceries and ordering Chinese takeout (again), stop by a different grocery store that you aren't used to, like Trader Joe's, for a fun and cheap grocery shopping experience.
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WebRTC is transforming the communications world. It is being used in Contact Centers, Unified Communications, and a range of applications to provide voice and video directly on the Internet using IP. Analysis has shown there is more WebRTC-based traffic than services like Skype today. However, WebRTC has the potential of providing much more in how real time is employed in applications and use cases.
Join me for a webinar with Frozen Mountain on Tuesday, March 6, 2018, at 2:00pm ET/11:00am PT that will focus on how WebRTC can be used in a range of use cases and capabilities beyond the traditional peer to peer implementations. We will discuss how WebRTC can be used in IoT and other applications. The session will examine how WebRTC can be used effectively in Customer Care, Telemedicine and other applications.
The differences between various elements of RTC and how WebRTC can serve as the backbone for all of them.
The impact of WebRTC-based RTC on various industries such as healthcare, education, customer service and IoT devices.
How Frozen Mountain's LiveSwitch product provides WebRTC-based foundation for RTC development.


text:
Erythronium és un gènere de la família Liliaceae que consta d'entre 20-30 espècies de plantes bulboses perennes, la majoria natives de les regions temperades de Nord-amèrica i amb un membre al Vell Món, l'europea Erythronium dens-canis.

Taxonomia

Nord Amèrica
 Erythronium californicum - Purdy
 Erythronium citrinum - S. Wats.
 Erythronium elegans - Hammond & Chambers
 Erythronium grandiflorum - Pursh
 subsp. candidum Piper (sin. Erythronium idahoense H.St.John & G.N.Jones)
 Erythronium helenae - Applegate
 Erythronium hendersonii - S. Wats.
 Erythronium howellii - S. Wats.
 Erythronium klamathense - Applegate
 Erythronium montanum - S. Wats.
 Erythronium multiscapoideum -(Kellogg) A. Nels. & Kennedy
 Erythronium oregonum Applegate
 Erythronium pluriflorum Shevock, Bartel & Allen
 Erythronium purpurascens S. Wats.
 Erythronium pusaterii (Munz & J.T. Howell) Shevock, Bartel & Allen
 Erythronium quinaultense G A Allen
 Erythronium revolutum Sm.
 Erythronium taylorii Shevock & G A Allen
 Erythronium tuolumnense Applegate

 Erythronium albidum Nutt.
 Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl.
 Erythronium mesochoreum Knerr
 Erythronium propullans Gray
 Erythronium rostratum W. Wolf
 Erythronium umbilicatum Parks & Hardin
Europa
 Erythronium dens-canis L.
Àsia
 Erythronium caucasicum Woronow
 Erythronium japonicum Decne.
 Erythronium sibiricum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Krylov

Liliàcies

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia