text:
Spring Ridge is census-designated place (CDP) and suburban housing community in Frederick County, in the U.S. state of Maryland, just outside the city of Frederick. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 6,005. Before 2010, it was part of the Linganore-Bartonsville, Maryland census-designated place, which was split into three for the 2010 census.

Geography
Spring Ridge is in east-central Frederick County, bordered to the west, across the Monocacy River, by the city of Frederick; to the north by Linganore Creek; to the east, at Meadow Road, by the Linganore CDP; and to the south, across Maryland Route 144, by the Bartonsville CDP. Interstate 70 runs through the middle of the Spring Ridge CDP, leading west  to Frederick and east  to the Baltimore Beltway. Primary access to the community is via the Spring Ridge Parkway from MD 144.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Spring Ridge CDP has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 1.14%, is water.

Demographics

References

Census-designated places in Frederick County, Maryland
Census-designated places in Maryland


Part of constraining a short story to its simplest form is to observe the convention of its length. Edgar Allen Poe said it should aim for a single effect on the reader and should be of a length that could be read in a single sitting. Some readers, however, are willing to sit longer than others.
In general, the contemporary short story has a word count up to 10,000 words, although I've seen mention of much higher, and I've read ones with greater heft and complex effect. In terms of my own writing, I write very short, anywhere from 250 to 2,000 words per story, although some reach between 3,000 and 5,000. For me the answer to the question How do you keep a short story short? is simple: that's how they turn out. How to make it a good story is more difficult. In this, we learn together.
Not all short stories answer to the beginning-middle-end aesthetic or contain a definitive personality or even strive to attain meaning, but there's something about the good ones that resonates with us, drawing us into their worlds and remaining with us, and when they do, they typically contain some aspect of what Poe and O'Conner mention, especially a sense of compressed depth, weight, and extension. There's also the claim that stories require these moments of beginning, middle, and ending, as well as something troublesome, a turning point for a character, if not outright conflict.
Short stories tend to maintain one narrative perspective, but short story writers like to experiment with fluid perspectives—they play with form, structure, the elements of fiction, and the space of the page. And this takes me to how many short story writers approach the writing of their stories. George Saunders shares something about his creative process in his affecting short film, George Saunders: On Story.
In it, he says, "the process of crafting a good story means not condescending to your reader. It means creating sentences that clue them into something unnoticed about the character, and allowing them to figure it out. A bad story is one where you know what the story is and you're sure of it." For Saunders, storytelling is a stand-in for day-to-day life—and the same considerations you take when approaching how to tell a story mirror the freedom to self-determined identity that you give your loved ones.
I hope you enjoy writing and revising your next short story! Thank you so much for the question that prompted this post.
April has a Master's in Ethics from Yale University and studied Philosophy and Theology as a post-graduate scholar at Cambridge University. Her fiction has appeared in many literary magazines and has been nominated for the 2015 Best of the Net Anthology as well as the 2017 Pushcart Prize. She is the Associate Editor for Bartleby Snopes Literary Magazine and Press and the Founder and Editor of Women Who Flash Their Lit. Find out more about April here, visit her website, and catch up with her online.
This entry was posted in Resident Writing Coach, Short Stories, Uncategorized, Writing Craft, Writing Lessons. Bookmark the permalink.
Thanks so much for these great tips. I've shared the post online and also connected with you through social media, April. I write short YA adventure stories, 1,800 words max. I also like reading other short stories to see how the author accomplishes his or her story in such a short space of words.
It was a sad story by Hempel. I enjoyed Saunders' video. Thanks again for the tips!
In speaking to Poe's theory I think it's important to include his focus on "unity" (of effect). He uses "unity/unified" several times in this famous description. That is (of course) every item large or small, none "extrinsic", gathering toward that single effect…. Thanks for keeping Poe alive. We still need him.
I go back to Poe again and again. Thank you again for highlighting his theories.
Gee, this is a great post today. Thanks for such comprehensive insights. I love to read short stories (they make perfect lunchtime reads) and feature a free short story twice a month on my blog. I write short stories too, but I find reading them is wonderfully instructive on form and structure. I especially like to observe how other writers reveal character and advance the plot in such a short span of time and space.
Thank you so much for your compliment, Paula, and I'd love to read your blog. I'll look you up, bland if you have time, please provide a link so others can find it and read the stories you feature.


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At Green Action Centre, we know being green isn't always easy. That's why we wanted to give you a simple 5-point checklist to help you reduce the amount of plastic pollution in your life. If every person included this checklist in their everyday routine we could definitely curb our plastic pollution problem. Spread the word!
When giving your server your fav drink order always add "No straw Please" to this transaction.
Last year, plastic free peg championed this cause and got more than 30 restaurants to commit to only giving out straws upon request. Way to go, guys!
2. BYOB: bring your own reusable bag to the store instead of using those polluting single-use plastic ones. Need we say more?
This campaign was launched by local youth at West Kildonan Collegiate in Winnipeg just a few weeks ago. Please support their efforts to make plastic bags a things of the past from our little part of the prairies!
It's time to deal with our problematic plastic habits and make important choices towards achieving a zero-waste life. On our blog we have a Zero-Waste Shopping Guide with practical tips and a list of business that support the consumer to reduce the amount of waste in their everyday lives. We encourage you to make a personal commitment to reduce your plastic consumption and educate others along the way.
The Earth Day Network has put together a great resource which includes stats, pictures, videos and actions you can take. Knowledge is power!
Green Action Centre will be participating in and promoting Plastic Free July again this year. We are looking forward to working alongside our community to live plastic-free wherever possible. We'll all be putting our new habits to the test for this month-long challenge!
We encourage you to take this list and make it your own so that it works for you, spread the word to others and consider organizing your own Earth Day Action with friends – the date is April 22 every year!
Are you able to complete this checklist? Do you have any other easy plastic-free ideas you would add to this list? Let us know in the comments!
With a passion for community and sustainability, Liz Shearer enjoys connecting people with the tools and information they need to incorporate green lifestyle habits into their daily lives. As the Commuter Challenge Coordinator, she is determined to get more people walking, busing or carpooling more often and especially during the annual week-long event! Since graduating with a degree in Environmental Studies from the University of Winnipeg in 2014 she has lead two major projects in both the environmental and arts sectors working with the David Suzuki Foundation as the Blue Dot movement coordinator and as the Project Manager with Manitobans for the Arts. She looks forward to seeing you out on the street riding your bike, walking down the sidewalk or cruising in a carpool with your coworkers. Liz is also a volunteer director with Bike Winnipeg and organizes CycloFemme in Winnipeg, the annual Mothers' Day group bike ride that celebrates women in cycling.


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The mobile bed experiments (MBX) will have two main tasks: initially MBX will derive equilibrium bed morphologies through running constant steady flow conditions that will provide the scaling for construction of the models used in the FBX. A series of MBX will then be run with different hydrographs, to examine flow-bed interactions across a range of transient conditions. Fixed bed experiments, determined by MBX will then be used to examine the detailed turbulent flow fields over fixed bedforms at a range of disequilibrium states. The flow velocity and flow depth will be moved from the equilibrium conditions that derived the bed in MBX to examine details of the flow structures under transient conditions.


text:
Q: Missing root VG, dropped to an initramfs shell My Linux Mint 17.1 (64-bit) uses LVM on its OS drive (an SSD). I must have done "something" to wreck my system, because last time I rebooted, the boot failed. Instead, I got the message "Alert! /dev/mapper/mint--vg-root does not exist. Dropping to a shell!" and an initramfs shell. I've no idea how to continue.
I'm usually up to date with normal system updates, but don't use a custom kernel or anything like that. I also go for long periods without rebooting, so I've no idea whether this is a recent problem or just went undetected for want of rebooting.
I know neither grub nor initramfs, nor do I have any experience recovering from this sort of thing. Of course, I'm in urgent need of accessing my data!
Other posts say this may be caused by upgrading to a kernel with no lvm2 support, and say it can be fixed with this or that Live DVD. The thing is, I can no longer boot from USB or DVD, because I still just end up on this screen.
My next step is to disconnect the SSD to see if I can then boot from other media, but that's not really a solution.
Assuming I figure out how to boot from media, what can I do? What more do I need to tell you about my situation?

Update:
"lvm lvs" and "lvm pvs" says the following. I don't know how this output is supposed to look when everything works. Does this mean they're all in a similar (bad) state, or what?

I have one SSD with two LV's for root and swap, and another LV based on two PV's on each of two separate drives. The number and naming of LV's and VG's is as I expected.
However, I don't know how to read the other columns. It appears that all volumes are in similar state (either all good or all bad), but I may be wrong.
"fdisk -l" is not available on my initramfs shell, but I figured out booting from media, so this is the output of that command (after mounting the volume) when run from a LinuxMint 17.1 Live USB (which is the same as the current OS):
$ fdisk -l
$ fdisk -l /media/mint/verylonguuidstring
last_lba(): I don't know how to handle files with mode 40755
$ fdisk -v
fdisk (util-linux 2.20.1)
$

Hmm, not much of a result. Here is the result from a Live CD named REDO Backup & Restore which I use on occasion. This gives much better results, or at least, actual output.

At least, all my disks can be mounted and seem to be intact, so it's just booting that's the problem.
Update!
I did a daring thing, which seems to have worked. Having booted on a different medium, I mounted the boot partition and modified /boot/grub/grub.cfg. In that file, the "offending" identifier "/dev/mapper/mint--vg-root" appeared a number of times. I changed all of them to "/dev/mapper/ssd_vg-root_lv", saved, and rebooted. And lo! It works, I can now boot my normal OS to my usual desktop. Phew!
Only, the GRUB selection screen remained waiting for 10 seconds, but I managed to turn down the "TIMEOUT" setting in "/etc/default/grub".
@Bratchley, @nkms, I'm very grateful for your support!

A: Make sure your "/boot/grub/grub.cfg" lists the correct VG and LV. In my case, the VG is named "ssd_vg" and the LV is named "root_lv", so the grub.cfg file needs to reference "/dev/mapper/ssd_vg-root_lv" (note use of slashes and dashes!).

A: in initramfs type
 #/sbin/lvm vgchange -a y
 # vgchange -a y
 #exit

if you unable to solve the issue type this
  #ls /dev/mapper

you found root (like /dev/vgname/lvname) #reboot then select a kernel on a screen and select e to edit and paste a root value (like /dev/vgname/lvname) at /boot/vmlinuxxxxx root=uuid/dev/xxx. then   ctrl+x to boot
If problem repeats when reboot the server

go to
      #/boot/grub/grub.cfg

at /vm/vmlinuz root=write your full lv path
if problem not fixed try fix initramfs as below
1.Go to server terminal
  # sudo rmmod floppy

    #echo "blacklist floppy" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklis-floppy.conf
     #dpkg-reconfigure initramfs-tools
     #update-initramfs -u
     #update-grub
     #reboot

2. Execute this
       #/etc/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/forcelvm

with the following contents:
       #!/bin/sh
       PREREQ=""
     prereqs()
        {
       echo "$PREREQ"
     }
     case $1 in
     prereqs)
     prereqs
    exit 0
      ;;
    esac
      . /scripts/functions
       lvm vgchange -ay

Then do
      # chmod +x `/etc/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/forcelvm`
       # update-initramfs -u -k all

*take backup of lvm2
 #apt-get install lvm2
 #cp /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/lvm2  /tmp

Edit lvm2
    #vi /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/lvm2

write Between modprobe -q dm-mod and activate_vg "$ROOT" add this line to initialize your lvm:
  lvm vgchange -ayactivate_vg "$ROOT" if you not find this line

write below two line at the end of the file above exit 0
       #lvm vgchange -ayactivate_vg "$ROOT"
       #activate_vg="$ROOT"

save the file
then
        #update-initramfs -u
        #update-grub
        #reboot

A: On Debian-based systems if your partition is LUKS encrypted before running update-initramfs command make sure that cryptsetup-initramfs package is installed. If not, install it first:
apt-get install -y cryptsetup-initramfs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
#ifndef _ASM_X86_E820_H
#define _ASM_X86_E820_H

#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
#include <linux/numa.h>
#define E820_X_MAX (E820MAX + 3 * MAX_NUMNODES)
#else	/* ! CONFIG_EFI */
#define E820_X_MAX E820MAX
#endif
#include <uapi/asm/e820.h>
#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
/* see comment in arch/x86/kernel/e820.c */
extern struct e820map e820;
extern struct e820map e820_saved;

extern unsigned long pci_mem_start;
extern int e820_any_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type);
extern int e820_all_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type);
extern void e820_add_region(u64 start, u64 size, int type);
extern void e820_print_map(char *who);
extern int
sanitize_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int max_nr_map, u32 *pnr_map);
extern u64 e820_update_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
			       unsigned new_type);
extern u64 e820_remove_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
			     int checktype);
extern void update_e820(void);
extern void e820_setup_gap(void);
extern int e820_search_gap(unsigned long *gapstart, unsigned long *gapsize,
			unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long long end_addr);
struct setup_data;
extern void parse_e820_ext(u64 phys_addr, u32 data_len);

#if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || \
	(defined(CONFIG_X86_32) && defined(CONFIG_HIBERNATION))
extern void e820_mark_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn);
#else
static inline void e820_mark_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn)
{
}
#endif

extern unsigned long e820_end_of_ram_pfn(void);
extern unsigned long e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn(void);
extern u64 early_reserve_e820(u64 sizet, u64 align);

void memblock_x86_fill(void);
void memblock_find_dma_reserve(void);

extern void finish_e820_parsing(void);
extern void e820_reserve_resources(void);
extern void e820_reserve_resources_late(void);
extern void setup_memory_map(void);
extern char *default_machine_specific_memory_setup(void);

/*
 * Returns true iff the specified range [s,e) is completely contained inside
 * the ISA region.
 */
static inline bool is_ISA_range(u64 s, u64 e)
{
	return s >= ISA_START_ADDRESS && e <= ISA_END_ADDRESS;
}

#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
#include <linux/ioport.h>

#define HIGH_MEMORY	(1024*1024)
#endif /* _ASM_X86_E820_H */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Question: I would like to write a story that takes place in an alternative universe. The differences between it and ours are very small and almost nonexistent, aside from different history and perhaps how the government is run. I don't want the alternate universe part of the story to be part of the whole plot, but I want my readers to know they are reading a story not taking place in their own city. What is a good way to establish this?
Answer: I assume you mean that the physics and the geography of your fantasy world are similar, but the culture/social order is different?
I think you want to be very upfront about the fact that the story takes place in a world with an alternative history. The reader should know what type of story they are getting into.
One good technique is to choose some key difference that's important to the story and use it to hook the reader in the first paragraph by creating a little suspense.
Consider how in The Hunger Games, the Reaping is mentioned in the very first paragraph as something Prim is afraid of. The reader's curiosity is aroused because the Reaping is a threat that frightens a little girl and because the reader doesn't know what the Reaping is. The term is unfamiliar in this context. So the reader will keep reading the first chapter to find out what's going on.
can only look in the mirror once a month. This lets the reader know the story takes place in a very unusual community. It makes us curious to know why such an odd rule exists.
The opening also lets us know that the story world is divided into factions, but doesn't explain immediately what these factions are, so we keep reading that first paragraph to get an explanation.
Another example: in the second paragraph of Uglies, we learn that the main character has recently lost her best friend because he "turned pretty." Again, this term has a unique meaning in this story, which the readers don't know right away. It tells them that this is a different world, and it makes them curious to learn what is meant by the term.
Note that in all these cases, the explanation of the odd term is given within that first chapter, or at least within the first few chapters. So the reader's curiosity is satisfied fairly quickly. However, in the early pages we also learn a lot about the main character and her inner and outer conflicts. In most cases, we meet some other characters and witness some relationships, and we learn more interesting features of the story world.
Explaining the odd term fairly quickly ensures that the reader won't remain confused for too long and give up on the story. However, delaying the explanation for a few pages gives the reader the opportunity to become invested in the character and the story, which makes it more likely that he/she will keep reading.


L: 25" x W: 31" x H: 40"
Dust or vacuum frequently, using a crevice tool on the seams.
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rains could damage your walls and ceiling.


I like reading crime novels, sc-fi novels and classic novels. Also I take in the odd biography/auto-biography from time to time.
I've recently bought an ipad with 3G capability. Along with my desktop PC it's completely changed my reading habits.
The first change I find is that after having bought the ipad I then found I now have access to all the library that is used for 'Kindle' which is vast. I now don't need to buy a kindle reader because the ipad does this job just as well.
There are many free books in the kindle library, anything like classics that were published 70 years ago or more are free. Consequently I am reading through all I can find by Zane Grey, the pioneer of the western novels.
The second change is audio books. Now I love having books read to me; this must be through my childhood days of listening to the radio.
My next-door neighbour introduced me to an audio book club where, once you join you can buy audiobooks at big discount prices to shop products. You don't 'physically' buy but 'electronically' download to a computer.
I joined up and now get one book a month to download to my system. I found for me there is a side-affect from these audiobooks; they send me to sleep.
But I found the answer in jigsaw puzzles. This keeps my brain ticking over just enough to stay awake but not enough to detract from absorbing the story.
I don't do physical jigsaws either, but electronic jigsaws in my desktop PC. You can't lose pieces and it takes up less room.
I'm now in seventh heaven - so long as I don't get disturbed too often.
I'm not recommending that everyone should do these things but just sharing my preferences.


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Lionel Abel Remembered
By Phong Bui
Years ago, while reading Irving Howe's autobiography, The Margin of Hope, I came across a humorous but insightful observation made by Lionel Abel about New York during the 1930s: "It became the most interesting part of the Soviet Union…that one part of the country in which the struggle between Stalin and Trotsky could be openly expressed."
That, of course, was common knowledge for those immersed in the politics of the time. For the most part, Abel's radical politics and his defense of the cultural underdogs are best expressed in numerous essays which he had contributed to the early years of Partisan Review, New Politics, and later, in his impassioned critical view of Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem in 1963, which was also linked to Abel's memorable attack on Irving Kristol and Alfred Kazin.
Born Lionel Abelson in 1910, in Brooklyn, he was the son of a maverick rabbi. After attending St. John's University and University of North Carolina, Abel soon began his career as a playwright, critic, and translator in New York City. It was through his brother-in-law, Albert Goldman, that Abel came to be close to the Socialist Party, or Trotskyist circles, in Greenwich Village, which included Irving Howe, Harold Rosenberg, Meyer Schapiro, Saul Bellows, Daniel Bell, and several other New York intellectuals.
As a playwright, Absalom, one of his four off-Broadway plays, was probably the best known of Abel's work. His 1984 memoir The Intellectual Follies is quite similar to Irving Howe's The Margin of Hope, published two years earlier—both are highly recommended for those who haven't read them. Abel's work is his personal account, from the end of the 1920s through the post-World War II years, of all the intellectual activities as well as radical awareness of art and politics during the period.
After teaching English at the State University of New York in Buffalo for nearly twenty years, in 1987, Abel's collection of essays, mostly about European writers like Dostoevsky, Bertrand Russell, Jean Genet, Edmund Wilson, Arthur Koestler, and Jean Paul Sartre, were published in the book, Important Nonsense. It is a notable read and revelatory regarding Abel's own affection and personal commentary on these figures' works. Lionel Abel was Sartre's authorized translator, and his translation of Rimbaud is also worthy of merit. The Brooklyn Rail salutes one of Brooklyn's native sons.
Phong Bui
100. East 19th Street near Union Square
By Raphael Rubinstein
APRIL 2022 | The Miraculous
Speaking in her studio at the age of 100, a Cuban-born artist who has lived mostly in New York for the past 75 years, nearly all of it in obscurity (she was 89 before she finally sold one of her geometric constructions, and survived until then only thanks to her husband's salary and pension as a public-school teacher) reflects on the museum attention that has come her way over the last two years: "They say, 'If you wait for the bus, the bus will come.' I waited 98 years for the bus to come."
Frank Bowling: London/New York
By David Rhodes
MAY 2021 | ArtSeen
For Frank Bowling's inaugural exhibition with the gallery, paintings from a six-decade career that saw Bowling work between London and New York are presented at both the London and New York locations simultaneously. Works on view span over 50 years of the artist's career, from 1967 to the present day.
52. (New York's Waterways)
MAY 2021 | The Miraculous
Upon graduating from art school, a young artist attends a boat-building school in Northern California. When she moves to New York City a few years later she puts her newly-acquired nautical skills to use by building a small boat capable of circumnavigating Manhattan.
Roma/New York, 1953–1964
FEB 2023 | ArtSeen
From the moment of entering David Zwirner's expansive first floor galleries, Roma/New York, 1953–1964 compels. There are so many great works—drawn from museums, private collections, foundations, and estates—juxtaposed in revealing combinations, that for direct visual pleasure and intellectual provocation it could not be more engaging.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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FERRY ITINERARIES & ISLAND INFO
You will find below information about how to get to Amorgos by ferry, where to buy your tickets and information about the island and its port, with many photos.
• Popular Itineraries • About Amorgos • Ports info
Amorgos is located on the southeastern side of Cyclades islands, in Greece, very close to the islands of Naxos and Ios.
It has managed to keep its pace quiet and traditional. It offers one of the most dramatic landscapes of the Cyclades with amazing cliffs. It also have one of the most beautiful Chora (main village) in Greece.
In brief, Amorgos is directly connected by ferry with Athens and other islands of the Aegean: Naxos, Santorini, Ios, Paros, Mykonos, Koufonisia, Milos and more.
Note: The island has 2 ports: Katapola and Aegialis.
Discover below the most popular ferry routes:
From Athens
• Ferries to Katapola Port: Ferries depart from Piraeus port about 5 times per week. They usually depart at 17.30, but some days there's also a morning ferry to Katapola.
The trip lasts for 8-10 hours and is usually arrives in the early monrning.
A ferry ticket costs approximately '34' 'EUR' (34 Euros) - '70' 'EUR' (70 Euros) for a standard seat.
• From to Aegialis Port: There are usually 3 connections every week during the peak season. Ferries leave from Piraeus at 17.30.
➜ Search for schedules
From Santorini
There is a high-speed ferry that connect Santorini with Amorgos daily. The journey lasts for an hour and the ferry ticket costs approximately '50' 'EUR' (50 Euros).
But here is also one ferry connection per week between Santorini and Amorgos by the "Express Skopelitis" ferry. The journey with this vessel lasts for 5 hours and the ticket costs approximately '11' 'EUR' (11 Euros).
From Naxos
There are usually 2-3 ferries from Naxos to Amorgos every day in the peak season.
This trip lasts for 2 and a half to 6 and a half hours, depending on the vessel type.
The cost of a ferry ticket for this itinerary is approximately '10' 'EUR' (10 Euros)-'12' 'EUR' (12 Euros).
Note that a small ferry line called "Express Skopelitis" starts from Naxos, passing by Iraklia, Schinoussa, Koufonisia and Donoussa (Small Cyclades island group).
From Folegandros
There is a daily ferry from Folegandros to Amorgos during the summer.
The trip lasts for about 2 hours and the cost of the ferry ticket is approximately '70' 'EUR' (70 Euros)-'80' 'EUR' (80 Euros).
What types of ferries travel there?
The only type of vessel that sails to this island is the conventional ferry, that's why the trip is pretty long. The main company that connects Athens with Amorgos is Blue Star Ferries, Seajets and Small Cyclades Lines connect Amorgos with other islands of the Cyclades.
HOW TO BOOK YOUR FERRY TICKETS?
Booking your ferry tickets is one of the first and most important steps in organizing your holidays in Amorgos.
The perks of booking your ferry tickets to Amorgos with ferriesingreece.com:
We make Amorgos ferry booking easier than ever with a simple booking process and 100% secure payments.
We let you in on the island's secrets and guide you through your best holidays ever!
So, forget the often time consuming and complex ferry booking process and book your ferry tickets with up to -30% discount!
Don't lose any time! Your dream holidays to Amorgos are just a click away. Book now and let the adventure begin!
INFORMATION ABOUT AMORGOS
Its name has been identified with peace and remoteness. It is located on the southeastern side of the Cyclades, very close to the islands of Naxos and Ios. However, Amorgos has managed to keep its pace quiet and traditional.
In ancient times, the island flourished with Minoan civilization, as excavations have shown. Then, it followed the route of the other Greek towns. In the classical times, it had three city-states that would function as a federation. These city-states based economically on fishing, trading, and shipping. In 487 BC, it lost its autonomy and became a member of the Delian League, which was controlled by Athens. The island was made to pay a yearly tax to Athens, which led into its financial decline.
In the 2nd century BC, this island was conquered by the Romans. At that time, Christianity was introduced to the inhabitants. In the Byzantine times, the first chapels were built and some of them exist till today all over the island. In 1207, the Venetians took over the island and built strong castles to protect the island from pirates. However, in 1537, the Turkish pirate Barbarossa conquered the island and destroyed it, before handing it over to the Ottoman Empire. It was set free in 1829, after the end of the Greek Revolution, and formed part of the first Greek State.
Today the permanent inhabitants of the island are few. A lot of residents immigrated in the 1950s and 1960s to mainland towns or abroad in search for a better life. The remaining residents deal mostly with agriculture, fishing, and tourism.
The most popular tourist resorts are Katapola and Aegiali, one on the southern side and the other on the northern side. They both work as the main ports of Amorgos, receiving ferries from Piraeus and other islands and also hosting many fishing boats and yachts.
Chora, the capital, is built on the slopes of a hill, about 400m above sea level. The main colors dominating the village is certainly blue and white, the typical colors of the Aegean. The remains of a Venetian Castle are found on top of a huge rock above Chora, from where you have wonderful views to the surrounding area.
The top site to visit on Amorgos is the Monastery of Panagia Hozoviotissa, built on the slopes of a rocky mountain. This Byzantine monastery was built in the 11th century and played an important role in the cultural development of the island, establishing the first secondary school in the 1830s. Very close to this monastery, there is the beach of Agia Anna, which provided the setting for the famous movie "Big Blue".
Why visit this island?
Hop on a ferry from Athens for fantastic beaches, delicious food, beautiful natural landscapes, and relaxing holidays off the beaten tourist trail!
The island has two ports: Aegiali and Katapola.
Although Amorgos is very close to the busy Naxos and Ios islands, it has managed to keep its peaceful ambiance.
All over the island, you'll find many picturesque villages, like Tholaria, Lagada, and Arkesini.
The popular movie "The Big Blue" ("Le Grand Bleu") was filmed in Amorgos.
The best season to visit Amorgos is the summer, as the island has so many stunning beaches to visit. Some of the best beaches are Aghia Anna, Agios Pavlos, Psili Ammos, Kalotaritisa, and Mouros.
Is the island for you?
If you're searching for a peaceful destination off the beaten tourist trail to spend your summer holidays peacefully, Amorgos is your best bet.
One of the main attractions on the island is the imposing Venetian Castle that sits on the top of a huge rock above Chora. The views from the castle are amazing! Another impressive attraction in Amorgos is the monastery of Panagia Hozoviotissa, which is built on the slopes of a rocky mountain. This Byzantine monastery, which was built in the 11th century, boasts fantastic vistas of the sea!
Discover more online resources about this island:
Information by the most famous online Encyclopedia (Wikipedia)
Island hopping from Amorgos
Amorgos is located in the Small Cyclades group, so it's a very good base for island-hopping. The most popular island-hopping routes from this destination are to Naxos, Koufonisia, and Iraklia.
Photos of Amorgos
Available ports in Amorgos
Amorgos has 2 ports:
AEGIALI
KATAPOLA
ABOUT AEGIALI PORT
Aegiali is the second port of the island. It is located on the northern side of the island and has developed into a popular tourist place with many facilities. It is found 15 km north east of Chora, which is the island's capital.
Connected ports to Aegiali
Athens, Piraeus - Amorgos, Katapola - Astypalea - Donoussa - Iraklia - Koufonissi - Naxos - Paros - Schinoussa
The port of Aegialis is connected by bus to Chora, the capital. Alternatively, there are many taxis around the island to transfer you to the port of Aegialis.
ABOUT KATAPOLA PORT
Katapola is the main port of the island. It is actually a small village with tourist facilities and nice secluded beaches in the area. The port connects Amorgos to Piraeus and other islands of Cyclades.
Connected ports to Katapola
Athens, Piraeus - Athens, Rafina - Amorgos, Aegiali - Donoussa - Folegandros - Ios - Iraklia - Kimolos - Kos, Port - Koufonissi - Leros - Milos - Mykonos - Naxos - Paros - Patmos - Rhodes - Santorini (Thira) - Schinoussa - Sifnos - Sikinos - Syros
There is a bus that connects Katapola to Chora and via Chora to Aegialis and generally the northern side of the island. There are also a few taxis.
Since the ferry trip from Athens is overnight, we suggest booking a cabin for more comfort.
The best way to plan your trip from Athens is to book your ferry tickets in advance, as Greek ferries may be fully booked, especially in July and August. This also applies to ferry tickets from Amorgos to Athens.
This destination is a very good base for island-hopping to the Small Cyclades (Naxos, Koufonisia, Schinoussa, Donoussa, and Iraklia).
Santorini (Thira)
Athens, Piraeus
Koufonissi
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Texas dad killed daughter, her lesbian lover because he disliked that she was gay: mom
By Sasha Goldstein
James Cosby is the prime suspect in the murder of his daughter, Britney Cosby, and her lover, Crystal Jackson. (Galveston County Consortium)
A Texas dad disgusted with his daughter's lesbian lifestyle murdered the young woman and her lover, the girl's mother said in a shocking twist to a gruesome case.
James Cosby, 46, bludgeoned his daughter Britney Cosby to death and shot her lover, Crystal Jackson, on March 6 before dumping the bodies near the ferry gate in Port Bolivar, Texas, police believe.
The bodies were found near a Dumpster around 7:30 a.m. the next day outside a Fisherman's Cove food mart.
Both women were 24.
Crystal Jackson, left, and Britney Cosby, both 24, were murdered last week and dumped near a ferry dock in south Texas. Cops believe Cosby's father, James Cosby, killed the couple. (Facebook)
Britney's mother told KHOU-TV that Cosby was angry his daughter was gay.
"He said it to me a few times that he did not like the idea of her being gay," Loranda McDonald told the TV station. "But, like I told him, there's nothing we could do about that. That's who she is. We can't change her lifestyle."
Capital murder charges are pending against James Cosby, a registered sex offender released from prison in October, Galveston Sheriff Office Capt. Barry Cook told the Daily News. The murder weapons have not been recovered and Britney Cosby's recently purchased 2006 Kia Sorento is still missing.
'I think they should lock him up, don't let him out,' Britney Cosby's mother, Loranda McDonald, told KHOU-TV. 'Give him the chair, I want him to suffer.' (KHOU)
Cops think the car could be a key piece of evidence linking the crime.
But James Cosby is held in jail on a combined $500,000 bond after cops collared the man for tampering with evidence — and he is the prime suspect in at least one of the murders.
His fingerprints were found on a piece of paper on the bodies and pools of blood were found inside Cosby's Houston home, Cook said.
"At least one murder happened at his house," Cook said.
Cosby moved in to the home only in October after he was released following a two-year stint in prison. His daughter and her grandmother lived at the home and let him move in.
In his bedroom, which Cook described as a converted garage, the murder suspect had a copy of the Koran open to a page which talks about homosexuality as a sin, family advocate Quanell X told KHOU. The find may give some insight into Cosby's disturbed mindset, the advocate said.
Cops released this sketch and believe it may be another suspect — not James Cosby. Cosby stands 6-feet-5, while the man caught on surveillance cameras appeared shorter. (Galveston Sheriff's Office)
"It's quite unfortunate but he had a real, real warped understanding, in my opinion, of the religion of Islam and its position on the gay lifestyle and what one should do," Quanell X said.
Police, though, say they are still searching for a motive in the gruesome crime.
"We don't know (that their sexual orientation) was a contributing factor to their deaths," Cook said. "We haven't ruled it out, but we haven't proved it, either."
Britney Cosby, left, and her lover, Crystal Jackson, right, were found dead on March 7. (Galveston Sheriff's Office)
Cops may also be looking for a second suspect. James Cosby, described as standing 6-feet-5, was much taller than the man captured on surveillance cameras in Bolivar dumping the bodies. A police composite sketch also shows a man who looks slightly different, Cook said.
But Britney Cosby's mother is certain her ex was involved. She said she left the man because of his violent tendencies.
He served 10 years after a 1994 sexual assault and then two more, ending in October, for failing to register as an offender.
The bodies of Britney Cosby and Crystal Jackson were found behind a Dumpster in Port Bolivar, Texas. (KHOU)
"I think they should lock him up, don't let him out," McDonald told KHOU-TV. "Give him the chair, I want him to suffer."
sgoldstein@nydailynews.com
@NYCitySasha
Latest Crime
Two Hawaii police officers shot dead as eviction turns to tragedy, fire that claims four homes, cop car


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Biography of Anton Chekhov
Portrait of Anton Chekhov, by Osip Braz. Wiki, Public Domain
Basics & Advice
Play & Drama Reviews
Wade Bradford
Theater Expert
M.A., Literature, California State University - Northridge
B.A., Creative Writing, California State University - Northridge
Wade Bradford, M.A., is an award-winning playwright and theater director. He wrote and directed seven productions for Yorba Linda Civic Light Opera's youth theater.
Born in 1860, Anton Chekhov grew up in the Russian town of Taganrog. He spent much of his childhood quietly sitting in his father's fledgling grocery store. He watched the customers and listened to the their gossip, their hopes, and their complaints. Early on, he learned to observe the everyday lives of humans. His ability to listen would become one of his most valuable skills as a storyteller.
Chekhov's Youth
His father, Paul Chekhov, grew up in an impoverished family. Anton's grandfather was actually a serf in Czarist Russia, but through hard work and thriftiness, he purchased his family's freedom. Young Anton's father became a self-employed grocer, but the business never prospered and eventually fell apart.
Monetary woes dominated Chekhov's childhood. As a result, financial conflicts are prominent in his plays and fiction.
Despite economic hardship, Chekhov was a talented student. In 1879, he left Taganrog to attend medical school in Moscow. At this time, he felt the pressure of being the head of the household. His father was no longer earning a living. Chekhov needed a way to make money without abandoning school. Writing stories provided a solution.
He began writing humorous stories for local newspapers and journals. At first the stories paid very little. However, Chekhov was a quick and prolific humorist. By the time he was in his forth year of medical school, he had caught the attention of several editors. By 1883, his stories were earning him not only money but notoriety.
Chekhov's Literary Purpose
As a writer, Chekhov did not subscribe to a particular religion or political affiliation. He wanted to satirize not preach. At the time, artists and scholars debated the purpose of literature. Some felt that literature should offer "life instructions." Others felt that art should simply exist to please. For the most part, Chekhov agreed with the latter view.
"The artist must be, not the judge of his characters and of what they say, but merely a dispassionate observer." -- Anton Chekhov
Chekhov the Playwright
Because of his fondness for dialogue, Chekhov felt drawn to the theatre. His early plays such as Ivanov and The Wood Demon artistically dissatisfied him. In 1895 he began working on a rather original theatrical project: The Seagull. It was a play that defied many of the traditional elements of common stage productions. It lacked plot and it focused on many interesting yet emotionally static characters.
In 1896 The Seagull received a disastrous response on opening night. The audience actually booed during the first act. Fortunately, innovative directors Konstantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danechenko believed in Chekhov's work. Their new approach to drama invigorated audiences. The Moscow Art Theatre restaged The Seagull and created a triumphant crowd-pleaser.
Soon after, the Moscow Art Theatre, led by Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danechenko, produced the rest of Chekhov's masterpieces:
Uncle Vanya (1899)
The Three Sisters (1900)
The Cherry Orchard (1904)
Chekhov's Love Life
The Russian storyteller played with themes of romance and marriage, but throughout most of his life he did not take love seriously. He had occasional affairs, but he did not fall in love until he met Olga Knipper, an up-and-coming Russian actress. They were very discreetly married in 1901.
Olga not only starred in Chekhov's plays, she also deeply understood them. More than anyone in Chekhov's circle, she interpreted the subtle meanings within the plays. For example, Stanislavski thought The Cherry Orchard was a "tragedy of Russian life." Olga instead knew that Chekhov intended it to be a "gay comedy," one that almost touched upon farce.
Olga and Chekhov were kindred spirits, though they did not spend much time together. Their letters indicate that they were very affectionate to one another. Sadly, their marriage would not last very long, due to Chekhov's failing health.
Chekhov's Final Days
At the age of 24, Chekhov began showing signs of tuberculosis. He tried to ignore this condition; however by his early 30s his health had deterorated beyond denial.
When The Cherry Orchard opened in 1904, tuberculosis had ravaged his lungs. His body was visibly weakened. Most of his friends and family knew the end was near. Opening night of The Cherry Orchard became a tribute filled with speeches and heartfelt thanks. It was their was of saying goodbye to Russia's greatest playwright.
On July 14th, 1904, Chekhov stayed up late working on yet another short story. After going to bed, he suddenly awoke and summoned a doctor. The physician could do nothing for him but offer a glass of champagne. Reportedly, his final words were, "It's a long time since I drank champagne." Then, after drinking the beverage, he died
Chekhov's Legacy
During and after his lifetime, Anton Chekhov was adored throughout Russia. Aside from his beloved stories and plays, he is also remembered as a humanitarian and a philanthropist. While living in the country, he often attended to the medical needs of the local peasants. Also, he was renowned for sponsoring local writers and medical students.
His literary work has been embraced throughout the world. While many playwrights create intense, life-or-death scenarios, Chekhov's plays offer everyday conversations. Readers cherish his extraordinary insight into the lives of the ordinary.
Malcolm, Janet, Reading Chekhov, a Critical Journey, Granta Publications, 2004 edition.
Miles, Patrick (ed), Chekhov on the British Stage, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Bradford, Wade. "Biography of Anton Chekhov." ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/biography-of-anton-chekhov-2713614. Bradford, Wade. (2020, August 26). Biography of Anton Chekhov. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-anton-chekhov-2713614 Bradford, Wade. "Biography of Anton Chekhov." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-anton-chekhov-2713614 (accessed January 19, 2022).
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Biography of Ray Bradbury, American Author
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AOA / Home / Get Involved / Connect to Optometry Cares
Connect to Optometry Cares®—The AOA Foundation
As optometry's premier philanthropic and charitable organization, Optometry Cares®—The AOA Foundation is committed to seeing its vision come to fruition – raising awareness about the importance of eye health, increasing access to vision care, and providing support to doctors of optometry and students in need.
Donate To Optometry Cares
AOA Foundation Recovery Fund
The AOA Foundation Recovery Fund has been created as part of the AOA's broad recovery and relief plan for the COVID-19 pandemic. We are united as one profession, with colleagues committed to helping and supporting colleagues.
The Archives & Museum of Optometry (AMO) collects, preserves, and shares materials that document the history of the profession. Our collections include historical photographs, memorabilia, publications, organizational records, manuscripts, and audiovisual media that tell the story of the American Optometric Association, its members and its allies.
Healthy Eyes Healthy Children Community Grants
The Healthy Eyes Healthy Children (HEHC) program focuses on increasing the outreach of vision services to communities, families, schools and the medical community with special attention to the underserved children in the U.S. HEHC awards grant up to $5,000 to doctors of optometry who propose projects that increase access to eye care for underserved children.
InfantSEE ®
InfantSEE ® is a public health program designed to ensure that eye and vision care becomes an integral part of infant wellness care to improve a child's quality of life. AOA InfantSEE doctors of optometry provide a comprehensive infant eye assessment within the first year of life as a no-cost public health service.
National Optometry Hall of Fame
Since 1998, the National Optometry Hall of Fame has recognized and honored doctors of optometry who are luminaries of the professions — those who have made significant and long-lasting contributions to the optometric profession.
Optometry's Fund for Disaster Relief
Through the AOA Foundation, the Optometric Disaster Relief Fund (OFDR) offers doctors of optometry financial assistance for property damages incurred to their practices from natural disasters. Donate or request a grant.
Optometric Historical Society
Through its support of the Archives and Museum of Optometry, the Optometric Historical Society (OHS) encourages the collection, preservation, and exhibition of artifacts and archival material that document the history of the profession, practice, and science of optometry and the optical industry.
Optometry Cares is supporting the future of the profession by offering scholarships to optometry students. Scholarships and grants range from $2,500 to $10,000 and the annual competitive awards are available to students in their third or fourth year of optometry school.
VISION USA
Volunteers In Service In Our Nation ( VISION USA) is a program that highlights the charitable work being done in the optometric profession while connecting those in need to eye and vision care resources through an online network.


What is the TOEIC Bridge® test?
It is a paper-and-pencil, multiple-choice test that measures basic listening and reading English-language skills used in an everyday context by beginning and mid-level learners. Educators and employers use the test to assess English-language skill levels for academic or workplace purposes.
Developed by ETS, the TOEIC Bridge test is based on more than 40 years of English-language assessment experience worldwide.
Why do they use the test?
Schools and employers use the test to guide placement decisions.
Educators use the test to monitor students' progress and show them how to improve their English-language skills.
Schools use the test to evaluate their English-language programs.
Test takers use the test to demonstrate their English-language proficiency.
Students use the test to set their own learning goals.
Schools, corporations and other organizations usually arrange TOEIC Bridge testing for their students or employees.
TOEIC Bridge test prices vary in different parts of the world. To find out about prices in your area, contact your local ETS Preferred Network (EPN) office.
What are the contexts of the test questions?
Where can I find information about the upcoming redesign to the TOEIC Bridge test?
View information about the upcoming redesign to the TOEIC Bridge test.


Keep your papercraft projects looking sharp by using the Hedgehog Silhouette Die from Gemini Elements!
With this die, you'll be left with the silhouette of a hedgehog with flowers and foliage outlines for prickles. This makes it ideal for adding nature elements to your papercrafts. Try cutting out individual pieces of the image to create a decoupage effect or add colour in between the outlines to bring the design to life.


text:
Q: Django signals not working on usercreation I created a signals supposed to create a profile for each created users in my signals.py file but it's not working. I've tried to check if there's an error with the command python manage.py check, but that seems not to work as well.
models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Profile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    profile_pic = models.ImageField(default='default.jpg', upload_to='profile_pics')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.username}'s profile "

signals.py
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from .models import Profile

@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_profile(sender, created, instance, **kwargs):
        if created:
                Profle.instance.create(user=instance)

@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
        instance.profile.save()

apps.py
from django.apps import AppConfig

class UsersConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'users'

    def ready(self):
        import users.signals

What am I doing wrong?

A: The order of parameters in your signal handler is wrong, change:
def create_profile(sender, created, instance, **kwargs):

to:
def create_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):

Check the post_signal documentation for further details.

A: The problem is from how i installed the users app in the settings.py file in the main project directory.
i used :
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'users',
]

**instead of **
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'users.apps.UsersConfig',
]


Feel right at home behind the wheel of this Ford Explorer Limited 2WD.
We have checked and double checked the mechanics of this SUV to make sure it is perfect. Completely free of any door dings or scratches, you will have a hard time telling this one from new. The interior of this ride is nothing less than perfect and is a sign of the excellent care and attention that this SUV has seen since it was new. The road has been great to this one and everything is in proper working order. The exterior has some minor scuffs and blemishes but is free of rust, dings, or dents. The interior is really quite clean and has no unsightly stains or rips anywhere to be found.
Come swing by today and check out this great deal, we are only minutes from Mabank! Perfect family vehicle.


text:
First Nations and Endangered Languages Program
Advising & Registration
Pursuing an Undergraduate Degree with FNEL
Major and Minor Requirements
Why study with the First Nations and Endangered Languages Program?
What can you do with an FNEL Degree?
Research and Teaching Assistants
Institute Associates
Musqueam Language & Culture Department
Institute for Critical Indigenous Studies
Musqueam Language and Culture
First Nations Unicode Font
Indigenous Language Organizations and Initiatives
Learning & Teaching Resources
Home / Resources / Indigenous Language Organizations and Initiatives
Please see below a list of several organizations and initiatives that seek to empower, reclaim and revitalize First Nations and Indigenous Languages.
Centre for Indigenous Studies, University of Toronto
The Indigenous Studies Program focuses on the languages, cultures, histories, creativity and well-being of Indigenous Peoples. Learn more about their language program here.
Canadian Linguistic Association (CLA/ACL)
The Canadian Linguistic Association (CLA), which was founded in 1955, has as its aim the promotion of the study of languages and linguistics in Canada. It houses the CLA Aboriginal Languages Committee.
First Peoples' Cultural Council (FPCC)
FPCC is a provincial Crown Corporation formed by the government of British Columbia in 1990 to administer the First Peoples' Heritage, Language and Culture Program. Its mandate is to assist B.C. First Nations in their efforts to revitalize their languages, arts and cultures.
Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA)
SSILA was founded in December 1981 as the international scholarly organization representing American Indian linguistics. Membership in SSILA is open to all those who are interested in the scientific study of the languages of the native peoples of North, Central and South America.
Assembly of First Nations Task Force on Aboriginal Languages and Cultures
"Towards a New Beginning: A Foundational Report for a Strategy to Revitalize First Nation, Inuit and Métis Languages and Cultures" is the result of the Task Force's mandate to conduct research and make recommendations to the Minister of Canadian Heritage on the preservation, revitalization and promotion of Aboriginal languages.
FirstVoices – Kwak'wala
FirstVoices is a suite of web-based tools and services designed to support Aboriginal people engaged in language archiving, language teaching & culture revitalization.
The FirstVoices Language Archive contains thousands of text entries in many diverse Aboriginal writing systems, enhanced with sounds, pictures and videos.
A companion set of interactive online games is designed to present the archived FirstVoices language data in creative learning activities.
Some language archives at FirstVoices are publicly accessible, while others are password protected at the request of the language community.
Kaska Language Website
This website was created to house the Kaska language materials from the Kaska language courses that are jointly sponsored by the First Nations and Endangered Languages Program (formerly First Nations Languages Program) at the University of British Columbia and the Kaska First Nations.
Yinka Déné Language Institute
The Yinka Déné Language Institute is devoted to the preservation and promotion of Yinka Dene language and culture.
1866 Main Mall
Buchanan E266
Email cis.arts@ubc.ca


This character strength survey creates a profile of an individual's character strengths. It was created by Dr. Martin Seligman, Director of the Positive Psychology Centre at the University of Pennsylvania. It is designed to help individuals recognise their strengths, and thereby have the knowledge to capitalise on them.


Captured candidly through the glass window of a 24 hour store -around 01.30 am. We're sitting and drinking our hot chocolates on the store's terrace.
Fine candid photo. He looks very focused on the television.
Concentrating on lots of things at once.
todos merecem uma pausa para a refeição...adorei, um abraço!
Definitely a very good picture ... We must regain strength.
I like this!!! Excellent in B&W!
That's a great shot. You captured the chef so well.


text:
University of Arkansas Commencement Speech Delivered by James P. Cramer
By James P. Cramer
Good afternoon and congratulations to you!
This is an exciting day. You are graduating and it is special for all of us who are gathered here. We celebrate your success together. It is a hopeful time. You are graduating from this fine college – The Fay Jones College at the University of Arkansas.
Now, I do not want to throw cold water on our celebrations today, but I do need to remind you of something you already know. There is a problem with success. Success does not have much staying power. No, you have to keep on being a success. That takes courage.
Moreover, if you decide to coast for a while it will take you down the path toward irrelevancy, decline, even obsolescence. There is only one way to coast: Downhill.
However, you are a professional who can regenerate success throughout your life.
Right now, there are some big opportunities for you. It occurres to me how relevant the Fay Jones story is.
In 1983, I met Fay Jones for the first time. It was in Minneapolis. He was the American Institute of Architect's keynoter at their annual state convention. It was a cool and an altogether gorgeous day. His enthusiasm filled the hall with the power of his descriptions of making architecture and about the architect's responsibility in place-making. You of course know that he was the creator of some very special places: Thorncrown Chapel, Cooper Memorial, Pinecote Pavilion, many memorable residences. They are as familiar historically as those by Saarinen, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Lou Khan.
Fay Jones was a quiet presenter, and so the conference hall in Minneapolis was hushed because no one wanted to miss any of his thoughtful nuggets. He was humble, almost apologetic. His persona was warm and his ideas infectious. He made friends fast. He was such a hit.
There were some paradoxes, too. Fay Jones did not know how good he really was. If he did, he hid it. Following his presentation in Minnesota, which included the obligatory Kodak carousel slide trays spanning over an hour, he engaged his audience in candid back-and-forth conversations. When one of the architects in the crowd said, "What a great presentation," Fay blushed, stammered a moment and said, "Well, when you see a turtle on a fence post you know that he must have had some help!"
This was our first encounter. I decided to work my way to the front of the room and toward the podium to thank him for his speech and for his inspirational work. While we had not met before, I remember feeling comfortable approaching him. He did not intimidate. I just wanted to shake his hand and say thank you. My feeling then was that even a brief moment with this architect from Arkansas would be satisfying.
That would be the first of many rich encounters and thoughtful discussions about his work, his love of this university, his curiosity and hopes for the future of architecture and the profession.
When I think of Fay Jones, I recall images that for me have meaning and inspire action. He was a man whose energy seemed always to engage.
I am not an expert on his buildings. Not really. Not like the architectural historians. However, I have come to appreciate them immensely – even passionately. I am not an architect. Nevertheless, my passion for design and the profession of architecture eventually led me from publishing and education to become the national chief executive of the American Institute of Architects. I served in this position from late 1980s, to the mid-'90s.
At the December 1989 board meeting of the AIA, Fay Jones was one of three finalists for the Gold Medal. You must understand that this is a serious deliberation and solemn decision for the national board. They study this with about as much discipline as 49 directors can muster. After all, the Gold Medal is the highest honor that the Institute bestows.
Past recipients include Renzo Piano, Santiago Calatrava, Tadao Ando, Lord Norman Foster, and Thomas Jefferson. Fay Jones was elected in December 1989 and received the award in 1990.
It is a tradition at the Institute that following the final vote procedure of the board's directors, a phone call is placed to the winner no matter where in the world the recipient may be.
Of course, Fay's reaction was one of complete disbelief. He was quiet as he contemplated it all. He was most grateful, not really believing that this could be happening – not to him. His humble likability was palpable.
His AIA Gold Medal was presented to him in early 1990 at the National Building Museum in Washington, D.C. It was a grand affair of about 800. Prince Charles was there, as were Brooke Shields and Tom Selleck. Past Gold Medal winners showed up to honor him: I.M. Pei, Pietro Belluschi, Joe Esherick, and others. There were senators and administrative policy makers, a Supreme Court justice. It was as big a gala as the profession had ever had.
A few years later in the mid 1990s, Fay attended a watershed meeting of the profession in LaJolla, Calif. He was there with a dozen thinkers and design talents. Dr. Jonas Salk led this particular session in 1994. Our meetings were in the library at the Salk Institute. Dr. Salk was the creator of the Salk vaccine that would end the polio epidemic in most of North America and much of the world.
We stayed at the LaJolla Racquet and Beach Club. It is an old, somewhat creaky club right on the ocean. I had a room right next to Fay's, and it was there that I learned he enjoyed singing in the shower!
From this meeting in LaJolla and at the meeting rooms off that library at the Salk Institute the seeds were sown for the formation of the Design Futures Council. Fay was enthusiastic to help create a think tank to explore the future. He believed that architects, landscape architects, urban planners, and interior designers needed to be better prepared and have more voice to shape the future.
He always inserted into our discussions the importance of design, and he suggested possible strategies that could give increasing influence to design professions that are too often underleveraged.
Fay Jones was such a pleasant and constructive character at our meetings. In LaJolla and in Washington, D.C., he contributed to the birthing of the Design Futures Council.
Before I finish, allow me to share with you five takeaway thoughts you can use as you advance in the future.
Fay Jones values and vision are relevant to everyone here today at graduation. This is a time of your success, poised for new and even more relevant success. Here is what Fay Jones would be thinking is important, I believe.
1. First is the love of people. He appreciated each of his colleagues, clients, and students. Friendship! He saw his purpose in life simply: to improve the condition of all those he would meet. He loved his students, and he appreciated all those who would ultimately use his buildings. His vision was people-centered, and he saw that architecture could uplift and dignify the human condition.
2. The second was his love of the University of Arkansas. The architecture school was a serious passion. He was an ambassador. He was motivated to make it better day by day.
He said that he would always be a student of architecture. He talked about his time with Frank Lloyd Wright but also of modernists like Edward Durrell Stone and Alvar Alto. His niche was different from others in the profession, but this never went to his head. His ego was grounded in the past and future potential of the University of Arkansas.
3. He had big ideas. He thought on a grand scale, but his architecture was always human-scale. The design details were just plainly sweet and noticeable – even to the untrained eye. He shared with me the fee schedule for Thorncrown Chapel. The business model was a straight 12 percent fee. That was tight. That would be less than $18,000. Thereafter, he shifted to a different monetary relationship to capture the value of great architecture. However, he was never greedy. He was always professional. His billing methods changed with Thorncrown and his backlog of work continued to grow.
4. His perceptions, his global views, were always positive. He was quick to say yes. He was fond of new methods to support students and faculty.
He was not hesitant to speak up for the profession – very politely. He knew that attitudes underpin design solutions, and he was full of positive ideas. He did not hesitate to advocate for Fayetteville. He believed it was his mission to defend Frank Lloyd Wright. He usually saw the best in people, and he had energy to work hard to benefit other people. When Thomas Monahan, the founder of Dominos Pizza, commissioned Fay to do a very big project, Fay argued for restraint. Fay prevailed, even though that project would be halted by Monahan's life-changing, faith-based decisions.
5. He imagined a better future. He thought in scenarios, and when faced with problems he tended to see the opposite of the problem. He played his part in visioning a better future.
I did not personally experience any cynicism from this architect.
He did get depressed, yes. He saw world events in a sober reality. However, he would then re-imagine the potential of our time. He never stopped believing in the power of good design and what he called "operative opposites."
He told me of a different design he imagined for Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater. He said, "I would wrap a house around the waterfall rather than hover over it." Both are organic approaches but different. Operative opposites. His leadership style was about making and seizing opportunities, not sitting home consumed by TV pundits but rather by going out, listening, learning, and contributing with vision.
Those are the five:
To love and enjoy people – to be a friend
To love and advance the University of Arkansas
To love the power of design at a human scale
To have positive views that underpin strategies and ongoing success
To imagining a better future – refresh visions that bring health to humankind.
His success never went to his head, but his legacy is in our minds.
I want to close by saying it is especially satisfying to be with you today. Moreover, there is a bit of Fay Jones here in this hall today. As we reflect on him, we can feel his spirit. I can see him in my mind's eye, slide by slide.
Thank you, President. Thank you, Dean. Thank you, Chairmen. Thank you, parents. Thank you, extended family. Thank you, Fay Jones. Thank you, graduates for setting up this moment poised for your future success. Keep it growing!
Just as Fay's work was sweet and courageous, yours can inspire, too. Fay would say that you are very special. All of us agree. You are special.
Congratulations and best wishes.