Revised Chinese government regulations on religion consolidate far-reaching powers of the Communist Party state over people's lives and beliefs, and are a further threat to the continued survival of Tibetan Buddhism in Tibet.
The revised rules on religious activity, issued by the Chinese State Council on September 7, 2017, conflate peaceful religious practice with 'threats' to China's security, creating a more dangerous political environment for monks, nuns, and lay Buddhists, isolating them further from their counterparts outside China.
The Chinese state media also announced a focus on the 'Sinicization' of religion, stating: "The direction of religions is to integrate them with Chinese culture" (Global Times, September 7, 2017). The Buddhist community is one of the main targets of 'Sinicization' of religion, which represents a more far-reaching effort to mould and shape Tibetan Buddhism to the diktats of the Chinese Communist Party in line with a more entrenched regulatory framework that has already deepened religious oppression over the last decade.
The updated version of rules that were originally imposed in 2005 is more restrictive than a draft made public last year. They were announced by Premier Li Keqiang on September 7, 2017 in advance of the important 19th Party Congress in Beijing on October 18. The language of the regulations reveals contradictions in the official position, indicative of both a desire to deepen the secularization of society by a government that advocates atheism, and to actively use religion for political purposes, with Buddhism as one of the religions that is accepted as 'official' by the CCP.
The new rules are consistent with a tightening regulatory and policy framework across the PRC on religion that denies Tibetans religious freedom, and by extension freedom of association, assembly, and expression. These measures are articulated in opaque language that enables the CCP authorities to define contraventions to specific regulations according to its political imperatives. Already, a range of oppressive laws have been passed on a local level across Tibet, particularly in areas where there have been self-immolations or political protest and resistance. For instance, a 'rectification drive' in Driru (Chinese: Biru) in the Tibet Autonomous Region, stated that monasteries deemed 'illegal' would be torn down and Tibetans who keep images of the Dalai Lama or place traditional prayer (mani) stones would be severely punished.
The revised rules arise from a Politburo meeting in April, 2016, in which China's President and Party Secretary Xi Jinping set down red lines on religion, specifying the need for the government to guard against foreign influence and "religious extremism" and for religion to adapt to "socialism with Chinese characteristics".
As the new rules were published, China's official media stated that they "prohibit the use of religion as a tool to sabotage national security, social order or China's education system, or to damage ethnic unity or carry out terrorist activities." (China Daily, September 8, 2017). The need to "curb religious extremism" was also emphasized by a top political advisor, chair of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee Yu Zhengsheng, in a meeting on September 11.
Through these rules, the Chinese authorities have broadened their scope of control, connecting people's beliefs and religious activity to matters of counter-terror in the context of the recent and systematic development of a security architecture in the PRC. The 2016 Counter Terrorism Law, the 2015 Security Law, the NGO Law (in force January 2017), and the Cyber Security Law (in force May 2017) are among the raft of new and far-reaching measures with far-reaching control over people's lives.
In equating 'terrorism' with an undefined 'extremism' linked to religion, the Counter-Terrorism Law of the People's Republic of China gives scope for the penalization of almost any peaceful expression of Tibetan identity, acts of non-violent dissent, or criticism of ethnic or religious policies, in a political climate in which the exiled Dalai Lama has been accused of inciting terrorism through self-immolations, and even terror through his teachings.
As in the new religious regulations, terminology in the 2016 counter-terror law is both broad and vague at the same time, and introduces further extra-judicial measures, increasing the impunity of the Chinese Party state, and reinforcing the powers of local police and officials to impose restrictive measures and use violence against individuals.
While references to the link between terrorism and 'separatism' that appeared in the draft counter-terror law were dropped, this remains a strong element in the official discourse on securitization in Tibet. The intensified militarization, regulatory framework and correlation of religion with 'extremism' and 'splittism' has involved training police in Buddhist monasteries, the characterization of religious teachings by the Dalai Lama as incitement to 'extremist action,' and the implication that Tibetan self-immolations can be characterized as 'terrorism'. This is despite the fact that self-immolations do not harm others, the lack of terror threats in Tibet, and the Dalai Lama's consistent emphasis on non-violence.
Article 4: The State, in accordance with the law, protects normal religious activities, actively guides religion to fit in with socialist society, and safeguards the lawful rights and interests of religious groups, religious schools, religious activity sites and religious citizens.
Religious groups, religious schools, religious activity sites, and religious citizens shall abide by the Constitution, laws, regulations and rules; practice the core socialist values; and preserve the unification of the country, ethnic unity, religious harmony and social stability.
Religion must not be used by any individual or organization to engage in activities that endanger national security, disrupt public order, impair the health of citizens or obstruct the State educational system, as well as other activities that harm State or societal public interests, or citizens' lawful rights and interests, and other such illegal activities.
Xi Jinping has sought to promote "core socialist values" – first disseminated after the 18th Party Congress in 2012 – for mass consumption, including in school textbooks, media content and even public song and dance routines.
The propagation of these values, which includes "freedom," "rule of law," "equality," "patriotism," and "dedication," at the domestic level, aims at projecting the image of the Party leading Chinese society towards positive social transformation and "harmony." Internationally, the language seeks to appropriate Western rhetoric using terms such as democracy, rule of law, and justice, without having to refer to, or even acknowledge, international human rights standards.
Furthermore, the inclusion of "core socialist values" in the updated religious regulations underlines the CCP's efforts to establish a rhetoric of values that both supports the Party's internal as well as its foreign policy agenda. "Core socialist values" apparently are to serve the integration of the Chinese society, projecting legitimacy for the CCP's rule, as well as to achieve complete control over every part of the society. The concept, in a seemingly paradoxical manner, has been used to justify state intervention, for example when recently tightening censorship rules. Apparently, Xi Jinping's and the Party's understanding of "freedom" and "rule of law" differs fundamentally from international human rights standards.
The basis of the updated rules were a set of Party slogans – the "two safeguards", "two clarifications" and "two norms", according to a spokesperson for the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council cited in Legal Daily on September 7 (2017).
According to a translation of the article from Chinese, the "two safeguards" refers to protecting the religious freedom of citizens and the legitimate rights and interests of the religious community, and the safeguarding of "national security and social harmony". The "two clarifications" explains the legal liability of religious venues and religious property rights, and focuses on curbing the tendencies of religious commercialization. The "two norms" refers to financial management regulation of religious circles and the regulation of religious information services on the internet, intensifying the authorities' level of intrusion.
In the buildup to the 19th Party Congress on October 18, the Chinese authorities have tightened restrictions on all online activities, not only in terms of religion. They have forced the removal of virtual private networks (VPNs) from online mobile application stores, investigated social media platforms whose efforts to censor undesirable comments fell short, and published a new set of regulations for managing 'Internet group information' that will take effect on October 8. These rules intensify dangers for Tibetans, who are frequent users of platforms such as WeChat. Those who fail to comply with the regulations risk punishment themselves.
In the updated rules, donations from foreign groups or individuals to religious groups are banned, while organizers of unapproved events can now be subject to fines from 100,000 to 300,000 yuan, an increase on the amounts specified in the draft regulations.
At the same time as undermining religious practice and teaching and stepping up intrusive security measures, the Chinese authorities are using the heightened interest in Tibetan Buddhism among Chinese people to attract domestic tourists, leading to fears of further diminishment of monasteries and religious institutes in terms of authentic religious activities and teachings.
The International Campaign for Tibet has documented major construction work in the vast valley at the foot of Larung Gar Tibetan Buddhist academy in Sichuan for a new tourist village and other developments. This indicates that tourism is now being used as a tool by the Chinese authorities to confront revivalist trends of Tibetan religious and cultural expression and contain monastic growth.
The 'Sinicization' of religion outlined by the Global Times in conjunction with the publication of the updated religious regulations appears to be in line with intensified official efforts observed over the past year to incorporate attacks on the Dalai Lama as part of the United Front Work Department-led process to re-frame Tibetan Buddhism in conformity with CCP doctrines.
One of the key priorities of the United Front Work Department, which oversees the implementation of Party policy toward those considered China's ethnic and religious groups, intellectuals, entrepreneurs, and non-Communist Party organisations, is to maintain a hard-line position on Tibet, with a core mission of 'struggle' against the Dalai Lama. In 2015, the Chinese state media announced the formation of a leading group on United Front work, indicating an upgrading of the department and a strengthening of control, which has continued.
The United Front has been prominent in efforts to promote Gyaltsen Norbu, the Chinese-appointed Panchen Lama, installed as part of the government's long-term strategy to control Tibetan Buddhism and eliminate loyalty to the Dalai Lama. Last year the 'Chinese Panchen,' as he is known among Tibetans, even carried out a major religious teaching in Shigatse – the first time a Kalachakra initiation has been held in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) for more than half a century. Numerous Chinese state media articles reported the attendance of more than 100,000 people every day at the ceremonies conducted by the Chinese appointed Panchen Lama in Shigatse, underlining the political intention to showcase the Kalachakra as a demonstration to the outside world that Tibetans are allowed to practice their religion.
The updated rules specify an increase from the previous version on fines on individuals who "impersonate religious professionals to carry out illegal acts such as conducting professional religious activities or defrauding funds" (Article 74).
This links to a controversy in Tibet over fake 'Living Buddhas', particularly as more Chinese in the PRC have become followers of Tibetan Buddhism. Just as there are increasing numbers of sincere Chinese Buddhist practitioners who follow genuine Tibetan lamas, there are also a number of fake 'Living Buddhas' who seek to exploit followers. In December, 2015, a self-proclaimed 'Living Buddha' in Hong Kong – whose filmed ordination of a Chinese actor Zhang Tielin went viral – issued an apology and resigned from all his posts after a Tibetan monastery denied certifying him. The Dalai Lama has on numerous occasions expressed concern about the number of fake lamas and the risks of exploitation of their followers.
In a Chinese television appearance, senior official Zhu Weiqun (who oversaw Tibetan issue during his stint at the United Front) avoided criticizing this particular case of a fake 'Living Buddha' and said instead that some fake lamas have posed threats to national security, as they use money they collect to sponsor illegal or 'separatist' activities in Tibet.
This was followed by an online discussion after Jamphel Gyatso, a respected senior scholar who was among the older generation of Tibetans who first worked with the Communist authorities in the 1950s, made a scathing public critique of Zhu, saying that instead of challenging the fake 'Living Buddha' in Hong Kong, he had instead 'slandered, framed and attacked' 'Tibetan compatriots and Tibetan lamas'. Jamphel Gyatso referred to the Party's approach to reincarnate lamas in Tibet as the 'poisonous fruit' of policy developed over the last 50 years by the Chinese leadership, specifically referring to Ye Xiaowen, the former head of the State Administration for Religious Affairs.
Article 36 in the new regulations refers to the succession of 'Living Buddhas', underlining that they have to be "reported for approval to the religious affairs department of people's governments at the provincial level or above or to a people's government at the provincial level or above".
This Article in the rules follows the publication last year of an online database of Communist Party approved Tibetan Buddhist reincarnations, consistent with 2007 measures demonstrating the Party's agenda to undermine and supplant the Tibetan religious hierarchy and weaken the authority of legitimate Tibetan religious leaders including the Dalai Lama.
Also coinciding with the release of the new regulations, the Chinese media announced the 30th anniversary of the 'Tibetan Buddhist College' in China, evidence of the CCP's long-term efforts to manage, control and appropriate Tibetan Buddhism. The College was originally founded in 1987, at the suggestion of the 10th Panchen Lama, who wrote a searing critique of the Party's policies against religion known as the '70,000-character petition.' Although the intentions of the 10th Panchen Lama were the sustenance and development of authentic Tibetan Buddhism, the school is now under tight Communist Party control and used simultaneously as a showcase for the religion and in order to demonstrate that religious practice can only be carried out under the auspices of the Party state. According to Tibetan sources, a number of Tibetan monks and lamas who attended the school have disrobed in recent years. Executive Vice Minister of the United Front Work Department Zhang Yijiong made a speech at the 30th anniversary together with Wang Zuo'an, director of the State Administration for Religious Affairs of the PRC.
Revise the current regulations on religious affairs according to international human rights standards, in particular with the principles enshrined in Article 18 of ICCPR.
Urge the Chinese government to fully revise religious affairs regulations and bring them in conformity with Article 18 of ICCPR and international human rights standards.
Urge the Chinese government to refrain from using broad and vague language such as "National Security", "terrorism" or "religious extremism" as a pretext for wide ranging interventions into Tibetan Buddhist life.
Seek close consultation with Tibetan Buddhist leaders living in exile on the status of religious freedom in Tibet.
 International Campaign for Tibet, August 15, 2007: "New measures on reincarnation reveal Party's objectives of political control", https://www.savetibet.org/new-measures-on-reincarnation-reveal-partys-objectives-of-political-control/.
 The 10th Panchen Lama, who died in 1989, was an outspoken advocate for the preservation of Tibet's unique cultural heritage, religion and language. His 70,000 Character Petition," remains the most extensive internal criticism of Chinese Communist Party policies on Tibet and other 'minorities' ever submitted to the Chinese leadership. 'A Poisoned Arrow: The Secret Report of the 10th Panchen Lama', published by the now closed Tibet Information Network, London, 1997. Mao Zedong reacted by denouncing the report as a "poisoned arrow shot at the Party" and its author as a "reactionary feudal overlord". Two years later, the 10th Panchen Lama was condemned without trial as an enemy of the people, and spent most of the following 14 years in prison or under house arrest before his death in 1989. When the Petition was sent to Mao Zedong in 1962, the Panchen Lama was the most senior religious leader remaining in Tibet and titular head of the Tibetan government. Prior to the publication of his Petition the 10th Panchen Lama had often been portrayed as a Chinese puppet, co-operating with the Chinese authorities rather than going into exile. This "patriotic" image was encouraged by both Beijing and the government in Lhasa. He is now seen as having done the best he could, under very difficult circumstances, to safeguard the interests of Tibetans.


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Voting rights bill
Britain COVID-19
Military crash
Otto Warmbier
Moon mission
Israeli planes shoot down drone from Lebanon
JERUSALEM, April 25 (UPI) -- A drone headed toward Israel from Lebanon was shot down Thursday by an Israeli fighter jet, officials say.
It was not clear if the drone was armed, The Jerusalem Post reported.
A squadron of F-16s and military helicopters were sent to check out the unmanned craft when it was spotted flying south along the Lebanese coastline toward Israel at about 6,000 feet in altitude, said Brig. Gen. Yoav Mordechai, a spokesman for the Israeli Defense Forces.
After the squadron assured the drone was an enemy aircraft, the order was given to destroy it, Mordechai said.
An F-16 blew then destroyed it with a missile.
World News // 4 minutes ago
Investigation says Pope Benedict XVI mishandled reports of child sex abuse in 1970s, '80s
Jan. 20 (UPI) -- A long-awaited report commissioned by a Germany archdiocese was released on Thursday and accuses retired Pope Benedict XVI of mishandling several reports of sexual misconduct during the 1970s and 1980s.
World News // 49 minutes ago
China warns U.S. of 'serious consequences' after Navy warship crosses South China Sea
Jan. 20 (UPI) -- The Chinese government said Thursday that it spotted a U.S. warship illegally crossing waters in the South China Sea -- an accusation that the Pentagon denies.
World News // 5 hours ago
North Korea suggests it may resume ICBM, nuclear tests
SEOUL, Jan. 20 (UPI) -- North Korean leader Kim Jong Un said it was time to "examine the issue of restarting all temporally suspended activities" in an apparent reference to lifting its moratorium on long-range missile and nuclear weapons.
Australia OKs use of 4th COVID-19 vaccine, 2 at-home antiviral treatments
Jan. 20 (UPI) -- Australia's drug regulator on Thursday added another COVID-19 vaccine and two at-home antiviral pill treatments to its arsenal of therapeutic weapons to fight pandemic with as the island nation combats spiking cases.
Peru demands Spanish energy company pay for oil spill
Jan. 19 (UPI) -- Peru on Wednesday demanded Spanish energy behemoth Repsol pay compensation for an oil spill the result of waves that were caused by an underground volcanic eruption near the Pacific island nation of Tonga.
World News // 11 hours ago
Israeli police demolish home of Palestinian family in East Jerusalem
Jan. 19 (UPI) -- Israeli police demolished the home of Mahmoud Salhiyeh and his family in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood of East Jerusalem following a lengthy standoff with the Palestinian family.
Jan. 19 (UPI) -- Otto Warmbier's family received over $240,000 in seized North Korean assets over the death of their son in 2017.
Seniors join climate fight in South Korea, redress for 'dark side' of economic boom
SEOUL, Jan. 19 (UPI) -- Dozens of senior citizens took to the snowy streets of Seoul on Wednesday to lend their voices to a climate movement that is typically the domain of much younger activists.
Biden announces nominees for ambassadors to Brazil, U.K.
Jan. 19 (UPI) -- President Joe Biden announced four new nominees for ambassador Wednesday to fill vacancies in Brazil, the United Kingdom, Denmark and Chad.
Social media pages belonging to Britain's Prince Andrew deleted amid scandal
Jan. 19 (UPI) -- Social media accounts belonging to Britain's Prince Andrew were purged on Wednesday -- amid a sexual assault scandal and his new status as a private citizen no longer recognized as an official member of the royal family.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Keystone Symposium on DNA Replication and Recombination is the only meeting of its type that draws large numbers of participants from both fields. The meeting has been designed to have a comprehensive coverage of the central aspects of both fields, including the traditional studies of biochemical mechanisms, how structural biology is informing our understanding of molecular function, and how biochemical mechanisms are expanding our understanding of biological function. Recent studies make it clear that the stability of the genome relies upon coordinated function of these two events, particularly at the DNA replication fork. This meeting provides a special opportunity for people working in replication and recombination to benefit from a comprehensive view, spanning complex biological concepts to atomic detail. The fact that the meeting is "open" ensures maximum exposure and accessibility for speakers and participants. The inclusion of workshops provides the opportunity for more junior members of the field (including graduate students and postdocs) to present their work and to explore work being performed in the broader field. Finally, the diversity of topics covered by this meeting exposes the participants to a broader spectrum of ideas, techniques and results than the more focused meetings we normally attend. Past meetings have facilitated important interactions between the replication and recombination fields and we anticipate that this will continue. The last meeting of this type was held in January 2002 and the many significant developments in the intervening time will make this a timely and exciting meeting.
Mechanism of DNA Polymerase Switching on a DNA Sliding Camp.
Cohesins and Condensins: Lord of the Rings or Not?


The Cooper Square Committee is holding our annual 3rd Avenue Festival (6th St. to 14th St.) on Saturday, June 19th, 10 am to 6 pm. There will be live performances from 1 – 5 pm, including the Rod Rodgers Dance Company, Maquina Mono, Alexa Dexa, Walking Upright, Bill Popp and the Tapes, and Daniel Weinberg.
If you can contribute an item to our Silent Auction (a service, dinner for two, tickets to a show, etc…), please contact Steve or Daniel at 212-228-8210. We will list you in our Program Booklet that will be handed out at the Festival.


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First Swallows Season 3: Release Date, Cast, Plot And Some Basic Information
Tuesday, 5 January 2021, 10:55 EST
The authors of the project "First Swallows" have not yet made an official announcement about the release of the third season of the series. Probably, the decision will be made on the final rating of the second season. If the Starlight Productions studio decides to extend the Ukrainian drama series First Swallows, its release date will be scheduled for November 2021.
The first episodes of the series are devoted to the first school days of the 11 "B" grade of one of the schools. Olga Makarova – the mother of one of the students is trying to draw attention to the situation related to suicides among schoolchildren. But few people attach importance to Olga's words.
At night, one of the best students in the class, stepping from the roof of a high-rise building, crashes. Trying to figure out the reasons for her act, several classmates, led by Nick, who became an accidental witness to the girl's suicide, begin their own investigation. With each step, classmates learn the details of each other's life. They find out that Mr. X is sending SMS to Fedor and Katya.
After Fedor receives another message with an agreement that Lera climb to the roof and jump from it, the guy is promised a reward. Fedor does not want such easy and dirty money, despite the fact that his sister needs an expensive operation. He refuses the task and informs Lera about everything.
The heroes decide to ignore the calls of the stranger, who switches his influence to the laboratory assistant Anton. After his death, the guys receive messages with the question: "Who is next?"
The third season promises big changes for viewers. The sequel will be a completely new format. The culprit is expected to reveal his face. New episodes will be even more intense.
First Swallows season 3 Release Date
In anticipation of the release of new episodes of the third season, fans keep guessing about the plot twists. According to preliminary data, the release date of season 3 "First Swallows" is scheduled for November 2021.
TagsFirst Swallows season 3 First Swallows season 3 cast First Swallows season 3 plot First Swallows season 3 release date
The New Adventures of Sabrina season 4 Netflix Has Finally Announced its canceled


KABUL — Afghans are alarmed by widespread reports that President Trump has threatened to fire Gen. John W. Nicholson Jr., the highly regarded U.S. military commander in this war-torn country, and that Trump has also delayed choosing a new military and political strategy Afghans have awaited anxiously for the past six months.
Nicholson, 61, the top U.S. military official in Afghanistan for the past 16 months, has become the best-known face of Washington here, working closely with Afghan military and civilian officials, and vocally advocating expanded U.S. military engagement, while the Taliban and other insurgents continue aggressive attacks across the country.
Now, with two U.S. service members killed in the past week, Trump's attack on Nicholson for failing to "win" the 16-year war has stunned Afghan officials and political leaders. They said a clear signal of continued support from Washington is urgently needed to keep the fragile Kabul government on its feet amid an explosion of public unrest and organized opposition from a variety of groups.
Over the past several days, Afghan officials and others here praised Nicholson, saying he inherited a protracted and worsening conflict but has worked closely with Afghan President Ashraf Ghani on developing a detailed four-year plan to support Afghan security forces so they can defend the country alone. With no permanent U.S. ambassador here since December, the four-star general's role has also taken on added diplomatic importance.
But a variety of Afghans said the new controversy over Nicholson, and further postponement of an announced U.S. policy after months of drift, have aroused concern that Washington may abandon its longtime role as a supporter of Afghan democracy, and possibly even the war effort, at a time of growing domestic unrest and interference by foreign regional powers.
Moradian said Trump "has a right to be angry" about the military stalemate, "but he is attacking the wrong target." He said that Nicholson has done "an admirable job of filling the political and diplomatic vacuum" since Trump took office and that he should not be blamed for the failure of policies set by the Obama administration.
Under President Obama's policy, U.S. and NATO forces peaked in 2009 at 140,000 troops, but most of them withdrew in 2014 with the war still hotly contested. Nicholson heads a limited assistance mission of about 8,400 troops that advise and train Afghan forces and provide air combat support.
The plan worked out by Nicholson and Ghani calls for doubling the size of the Afghan special operations forces and bringing in hundreds of U.S. trainers for the recruits, improving the Afghan air force, pairing advisers more closely with Afghan soldiers, reforming military leadership and combating corruption in the defense forces. Ghani has said he wants the military to be totally independent after four years.
But some observers said Trump's sharp criticism of Nicholson at a tense July 19 meeting in the White House may indicate he wants to scrap the entire plan, supported by Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, that would include raising the number of U.S. troops by several thousand. According to news reports, the president repeatedly said he wanted to fire the general, leaving senior military and policy aides stunned. There was no indication of what alternatives Trump is considering.
The other missing half of the equation is a U.S. political policy toward Afghanistan, which most experts agree is even more important than deciding how many troops to send or what they would do. Opinions among Afghans are divided on this issue, with some saying Washington needs to do more to strengthen the divided Ghani regime, and others saying it should focus on building institutions rather than supporting individual leaders.
Government officials, however, said that Ghani's goal is to strengthen democratic institutions and reform a corrupt political system, not seek personal endorsements, and that a strong signal of support for those goals from the new administration in Washington is crucial.


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Your mobile hotel on wheels. Don't worry about finding accommodation, don't worry about packing up your bags each day. Our caravans/campers are luxury hotels which travel with you. You can stay overnight just down by the lake with that amazing view. Much better than a motorhome or campervan which is cumbersome to travel with when you want to go visit those out of the way places. You can just unhitch the caravan/camper and you have the flexibility of your car to travel where you would like. Just return back to your caravan when you are ready to move on and stay overnight. Our caravans come with solar and are certified self contained include everything you need even the salt and pepper.
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ARCTERYX Blade 6 Backpack. Compact daypack with refined, clean styling. Created to carry smaller laptops, tablets and core essentials. The Blade 6 is an example of the Arc'teryx commitment to refined, use driven design. Created for ease of passage through the urban landscape, this streamlined pack carries core daily essentials including a small laptop and tablet. Its clean, low profile is easy to maneuver on bike commutes, crowded trains and as an airline carry-on.
Sizing & Buying Tips: Need help? Check out our handy Buying Guide. Click here.
Volume: 6 L / 366 cu.in.


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WATER •Quenches thirst. •Combats cancer. •Conquers kidney stones.
WATERMELON •Protects prostate. •Promotes weight loss. •Lowers cholesterol. •Helps stop strokes. •Controls blood pressure. •Fights dehydration.
Allah Most High, Our Creator, is aware of our needs. All His bounties and favours (Ni'maat) have been designed by Him for our benefit. The fruit and vegetables created by Allah Ta'ala are full of health benefits. The kuffaar experts who have researched these bounties are more aware of the health benefits than Muslims.
And Allah the Most High knows best.


Happy Friday! In this week's roundup experimenting with beta versions, new worries for GoDaddy and most importantly Google I/O 2014 conference.
Welcome to Eighth Weekly Roundup – full of exciting news in the world of IT from Oxagile.
South Korean chat app maker joins a list of companies increasing their emphasis on experimenting with new features. Kakao has launched Kakao Lab, which lets Android users test new features before they are added to the app. Previously, Twitter, Facebook allowed users to register and test unreleased builds of the companys' Android app.
55 percent of small businesses still don't have a website. That's what Google's SMB division revealed today together with plans to build a domain registration service called Google Domains.
We've got a developer preview on Android L release that will only serve for developers to play with and optimize their apps with the actual public release coming later on. New version of Google's platform brings various changes to the UI, with refreshed status bar, dialer and just about every other system apps.
Apart from the new Android L release announcement, the opening keynote shed some light on the future Chrome, Android Wear, Android Auto, Android TV, Google Cloud Platform, and Google Play. He is a nearly three hour keynote wrap-up to its most important highlights for those who lack the time to watch the entire presentation.


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I thought I'd show you one of my Burberry lipsticks today and, since I post a lot of bright shades, I decided to do a neutral for a change. Burberry Lip Cover in Mocha Glow is a lovely chocolate brown shade with a pinky-copper shimmer through it and is a shade darker than my natural lip colour. The lip covers are more pigmented than some of the other Burberry lipstick formulas and are very comfortable to wear on the lips but are not moisturising.


Remind me again why I put so many appointments on the week we're going to leave for vacation?
My naturopath said I looked tired this week. She was right. I am tired!
Last weekend I pulled all of the kid's clothing and hid (packed) it away while the clean laundry baskets were empty. This always proves to be the best move. Provded no helpful hands pull anything back out.
I'm really thankful to be able to go on a vacation; but I'm sure I've convinced my husband ONE day trips are much easier on my body than two day trips. Making 6 meals at once while continuing your normal duties isn't recommended. God continues to fill me up.
The same cooking/baking fest will occur to get back home. I had minimal ms "hugs" – which I think is progress but my feet and legs are very swollen!
Shred veggies and knead all meats and spices into large bowl. Shape into balls and fill up 2- 9×13 glass dishes.


text:
The Library Juice Press Handbook of Intellectual Freedom: Concepts, Cases, and Theories
Editors: Mark Alfino and Laura Koltutsky
Publisher: Library Juice Press
Physical Description: 6X9; 482p.
Winner of the 2016 Eli M. Oboler Award
The existing reference literature on intellectual freedom tends to focus on topics such as government censorship of books, the internet, and political speech. This has also been the focus of intellectual freedom scholars among professional librarians in the United States and Canada. There has been a shift in recent years, and intellectual freedom is now being looked at from a wider range of theoretical perspectives and in connection with a wider range of cultural topics. The Handbook of Intellectual Freedom is a reference work that captures this recent growth in the field. It provides a grounding in the philosophical, historical, and legal development of the concept of intellectual freedom by providing current thinking on a wide range of intellectual freedom concepts, cases, and controversies.
21 invited articles focus on topics including threats to intellectual freedom, academic freedom, the arts, the Internet, censorship along with connections to contemporary social issues and institutions, and historical and cultural theories.
The members of the Editorial Board for the work are: Elizabeth Buchanan (School of Information Studies, UW Milwaukee), Robert Hauptman (Editor of the Journal of Information Ethics), Jim Kuhn (Head of Cataloging at the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, DC), Mary Minow (Attorney specializing in Library Law), Laura Quilter (Attorney, Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic, University of California at Berkeley), Tara Robertson (British Columbia Library Association Intellectual Freedom Committee), Toni Samek (School of Library and Information Studies, University of Alberta), Alvin Schrader (University of Alberta Libraries), Siva Vaidhyanathan (Law School at University of Virginia).


text:
August 24, 2022 August 25, 2022 Dan
Change coming to Canberra. Again.
Jeremy Hickmans, the Raiders fitness supremo has agreed to join Wayne Bennett's back office. It's not entirely surprising. Hickmans has been part of Bennett's crew since the early 2000s. He's was with him at the Broncos back in the day and followed him all the way through the Dragons, Knights and the Bunnies. So when the old man came knocking, it seems Hickmans was once again ready to put the band back together.
It's part of a raft of unexpected change at Raiders HQ. In addition to Hickmans' departure, list manager Kelly Egans and the club agreed to part ways recently. Assistant coach Andrew McFadden is also on his way out, having accepted an opportunity with the Warriors. Suddenly Sticky and Don Furner (and kicking coach and player well-being manager Andrew Bishop) are the only constant in a changing environment. That organisational change has also mirrored on-field change, and the moorings feel a bit less stable than they used to.
Normally when something like this happens people tend to draw conclusions about the organisation. But that doesn't feel appropriate here. The breakup with Egans was four months into the job, and the reports seemed to suggest a personal matter that required him to leave. McFadden's move to becomes the Warriors recruitment manager seems like a promotion. At the very least it is a vastly different role to an Assistant Coach at the Raiders. And Hickmans, as we noted before, is joining up with someone he's worked with for decades. There are explanations that aren't "chaos reigns". Maybe it's just bad timing.
That doesn't mean it's not worth noting. As anyone who's ever had a job knows, when the people in charge are changing all the time it can create the worst kind of opacity and lack of leadership. Canberra has had a lot of organisational change in the last two years. In the case of Hickmans and Egan it will be the second time in 12 months those jobs have switched hands. One of those transitions was due to the tragic death of Peter Mulholland, but Hickmans was at the club because Nigel Ashley-Jones left in 2021 after the side abruptly failed to adapt to Peter V'Landys' idiocy.
There's an opportunity here though. With this troika of people leaving, there's a chance to inject new thinking and energy into the organisation. Most eyes will turn to successful clubs and wonder if the Raiders can pillage their backhouses. The problem with that is that imitation may be the sincerest form of flattery but it's not a guaranteed way of getting ahead. In political economy there's a theory of late economic development that basically says you don't catch up to the rich countries by doing what they do. You have make a step-change to catch up, find a way to do things differently so you can jump to their level, rather than trying to follow the same path. New backhouse staff can't just be the offshoots of the Panthers or the Storm. Canberra needs new thinking.
This applies to their coaching too. For two years they've been chasing the game. Fitness has been part of it, but it's felt like they've been a step behind Peter V'Landys whims. In 2021 it was an inability to adjust to the fitness requirements, and a lack of connection through the middle. Halfway through that season they moved Josh Hodgson to 13 and thrived (well, relatively). This season the devolution of the set-restart rules by 40 per cent of what they used to be. They started with Elliott Whitehead as a key decision maker in the middle, striving to model what would have worked in 2021. The game evolved again, and Canberra had to scramble with a response. The only change to the coaching staff since 2019 has been the addition of Mick Crawley. He had been with the club before, and his only innovation was abandoned weeks into the season. New thinking is needed to find the way to get ahead in their thinking so next year doesn't start slowly again.
Canberra have an opportunity to make that big change. It's hard to know what that looks like specifically, but that's the thing about change. Often you don't know it's happening until its done. Finding what will return the Milk to the finals and beyond requires greater ambition, both on and off the field, than they've shown in the last few years. There's no longer a grand final pedigree to try and recapture. Those days have passed, as Nick Campton's beautiful piece put so eloquently. Now is a time for change. Ambition. Finding a way to get ahead of the top, not chase them. The Raiders don't have the luxury. They must embrace the change that faces them.
Do us a solid and like our page on Facebook, follow us on Twitter, or share this on social media, or i'll call you a weak-gutted dog. Don't hesitate to send us feedback (dan@sportress.org) or comment below if you think we are stupid. Or if we're not.
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Chia seeds are among the healthiest foods on the planet.
They are loaded with nutrients that can have important benefits for your body and brain.
Here are 11 health benefits of chia seeds that are supported by human studies.
Chia seeds are tiny black seeds from the plant Salvia Hispanica, which is related to the mint.
This plant grows natively in South America.
Chia seeds were an important food for the Aztecs and Mayans back in the day.
They prized them for their ability to provide sustainable energy… in fact, "chia" is the ancient Mayan word for "strength." Despite their ancient history as a dietary staple, only recently did chia seeds become recognized as a modern day superfood.
In the past few years, they have exploded in popularity and are now consumed by health conscious people all over the world.
Don't be fooled by the size… these tiny seeds pack a powerful nutritional punch.
Fat: 9 grams (5 of which are Omega-3s).
They also contain a decent amount of Zinc, Vitamin B3 (Niacin), Potassium, Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and Vitamin B2.
This is particularly impressive when you consider that this is just a single ounce, which supplies only 137 calories and one gram of digestible carbohydrate!
Just so that we're all on the same page, 1 ounce equals 28 grams, or about 2 tablespoons.
Interestingly… if you subtract the fiber, which may not end up as usable calories for the body, chia seeds only contain 101 calories per ounce.
This makes them one of the world's best sources of several important nutrients, calorie for calorie.
To top things off, chia seeds are a "whole grain" food, are usually grown organically, are non-GMO and naturally free of gluten.
BOTTOM LINEDespite their tiny size, chia seeds are among the most nutritious foods on the planet. They are loaded with fiber, protein, Omega-3 fatty acids and various micronutrients.
Another area where chia seeds shine is in their high amount of antioxidants.
These antioxidants protect the sensitive fats in the seeds from going rancid.
Although antioxidant supplements are not very effective, getting antioxidants from foods can have positive effects on health.
Most importantly, antioxidants fight the production of free radicals, which can damage molecules in cells and contribute to aging and diseases like cancer.
There are some claims online about chia seeds having more antioxidants than blueberries, but I was unable find a study to verify this claim.
BOTTOM LINE:Chia seeds are high in antioxidants that help to protect the delicate fats in the seeds. They also have various benefits for health.
Looking at the nutrition profile of chia seeds, you see that an ounce has 12 grams of "carbohydrate." However… 11 of those grams are fiber, which isn't digested by the body.
Fiber doesn't raise blood sugar, doesn't require insulin to be disposed of and therefore shouldn't count as a carb.
The true carb content is only 1 gram per ounce, which is very low. This makes chia a low-carbfriendly food.
Because of all the fiber, chia seeds can absorb up to 10-12 times their weight in water, becoming gel-like and expanding in your stomach.
Theoretically, this should increase fullness, slow absorption of your food and help you automatically eat fewer calories.
Fiber also feeds the friendly bacteria in the intestine, which is important because keeping your gut bugs well fed is absolutely crucial for health.
Chia seeds are 40% fiber, by weight. This makes them one of the best sources of fiber in the world.
BOTTOM LINE:Almost all of the carbohydrates in chia seeds are fiber. This gives them the ability to absorb 10-12 times their weight in water. Fiber also has various beneficial effects on health.
Chia seeds contain a decent amount of protein.
By weight, they are about 14% protein, which is very high compared to most plants.
They also contain a good balance of essential amino acids, so our bodies should be able to make use of the protein in them.
Protein has all sorts of benefits for health. It is also the most weight loss friendly nutrient in the diet, by far.
A high protein intake reduces appetite and has been shown to reduce obsessive thoughts about food by 60% and the desire for night time snacking by 50%.
Chia seeds really are an excellent protein source, especially for people who eat little or no animal products.
BOTTOM LINE:Chia seeds are high in quality protein, much higher than most plant foods. Protein is the most weight loss friendly macronutrient and can drastically reduce appetite and cravings.
Many health experts believe that chia seeds can help with weight loss.
The fiber absorbs large amounts of water and expands in the stomach, which should increase fullness and slow the absorption of food.
There have been several studies on glucomannan, a fiber that works in a similar way, showing that it can lead to weight loss.
Then the protein in chia seeds could help to reduce appetite and food intake.
Unfortunately, when the effects of chia seeds on weight loss have been studied, the results have been rather disappointing.
Although one study showed that chia seeds can reduce appetite, there was no significant effect on body weight.
In a study on 90 overweight people, 50 grams of chia seeds per day for 12 weeks had no effect on body weight or health markers.
In another 10 week study of 62 women, chia seeds had no effect on bodyweight but did increase the amount of Omega-3s in the blood.
Although just adding chia seeds to your diet is unlikely to affect your weight, I personally believe that they can be a useful addition.
A weight loss diet is about more than just adding or subtracting single foods. The entire diet counts, as well as other lifestyle behaviors like sleep and exercise.
When combined with a real food based diet and a healthy lifestyle, I can definitely see how chia seeds could help with weight loss.
BOTTOM LINE:Chia seeds are high in protein and fiber, both of which have been shown to aid weight loss. However, the studies on chia seeds have not noted any effects on weight.
Like flax seeds, chia seeds are very high in Omega-3 fatty acids.
In fact, chia seeds contain more Omega-3s than salmon, gram for gram.
However… it's important to keep in mind that the Omega-3s in them are mostly ALA (Alpha Linolenic Acid), which is not as beneficial as you may think.
ALA needs to converted into the "active" forms, EPA and DHA, before it can be used by the body.
Unfortunately, humans are inefficient at converting ALA into the active forms. Therefore, plant Omega-3s tend to be vastly inferior to animal sources like fish.
Studies have shown that chia seeds (especially if they are milled) can increase blood levels of ALA and EPA, but not DHA… which is a problem. Because they don't supply any DHA (the most important Omega-3 fat), I think chia seeds are overrated as an Omega-3 source.
In order to get the DHA your body and brain desperately need… either eat fatty fish regularly, take fish oil, or take a DHA supplement if you are vegan or vegetarian.
BOTTOM LINE:Chia seeds are very high in the Omega-3 fatty acid ALA. However, humans are not good at converting this into DHA, the most important Omega-3 fatty acid.
Given that chia seeds are high in fiber, protein and Omega-3s, they should be able to improve metabolic health.
This has been tested in several studies, but the results have been inconclusive.
In two studies, a diet with chia seeds, soy protein, oats and nopal, has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, increase HDL cholesterol and reduce inflammation.
Because these studies also used other ingredients, nothing can be concluded about the chia seeds themselves.
Rat studies have also shown that chia seeds can lower triglycerides, raise HDL (the "good") cholesterol and reduce inflammation, insulin resistance and belly fat.
However, a study that looked at just chia seeds did not note any improvements.
Overall… it is possible that chia seeds can improve these risk factors, but probably won't have a major effect unless followed by other beneficial changes in the diet.
BOTTOM LINEThe effects on cholesterol levels and other risk factors is inconclusive. Some studies show an effect, others do not.
Chia seeds are high in several nutrients that are important for bone health.
This includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and protein.
The calcium content is particularly impressive… 18% of the RDA in a single ounce.
Gram for gram, this is higher than most dairy products.
Chia seeds may be considered an excellent source of calcium for people who don't eat dairy.
BOTTOM LINE:Chia seeds are high in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and protein. All of these nutrients are essential for bone health.
The most successful application of chia seeds to date was in a study on type 2 diabetic patients.
In this study, 20 diabetic patients received either 37 grams of chia seeds, or 37 grams of wheatbran, for 12 weeks.
When they got the chia seeds, they saw improvements in several important health markers.
Blood pressure went down by 3-6 mm/Hg and an inflammatory marker called hs-CRP went down by 40%. A risk factor called vWF also decreased by 21%.
There was also a small drop in blood sugar, but it wasn't statistically significant.
Given that chia seeds are high in fiber, it does seem plausible that they could help reduce blood sugar spikes after meals, but this needs to be confirmed in studies.
BOTTOM LINE:A study in type 2 diabetics showed that chia seeds can significantly lower blood pressure and a marker for inflammation.
Legend has it that the Aztecs and Mayans used chia seeds to fuel performance back in the day.
In this study, 6 participants "carb loaded" with either gatorade, or a mix of half gatorade/half chia seeds.
Then they ran for an hour on a treadmill, followed by a timed 10 kilometer long run.
There was no difference between the two groups.
In other words, replacing half of the gatorade with chia seeds did not reduce the performance of the athletes, indicating that chia seeds were of some use.
According to this study, chia seeds can help athletes "carb load" for endurance events, while increasing their intake of nutrients and decreasing their intake of sugar.
However, I'd personally like to see some larger studies on this. Given that most of the carbs in chia seeds are fiber, it doesn't make much sense that they could be used for carb loading.
BOTTOM LINE:One small study shows that chia seeds can partly replace gatorade as a way of carb loading for endurance athletes, but this needs to be studied more.
Okay, this last one is not a health benefit, but important nonetheless.
Chia seeds are incredibly easy to incorporate into your diet.
The seeds themselves taste rather bland, so you can add them to pretty much anything.
They also don't need to be ground like flax seeds, which makes them much easier to prepare.
They can be eaten raw, soaked in juice, added to porridge and pudding, or added to baked goods.
You can also sprinkle them on top of cereal, yogurt, vegetables or rice dishes.
Because of their ability to absorb both water and fat, they can be used to thicken sauces and even used as egg substitutes in recipes.
They can also be mixed with water and turned into a gel.
Adding chia seeds to recipes will dramatically boost the nutritional value.
They do also seem to be well tolerated… but if you're not used to eating a lot of fiber, then there is a possibility of digestive side effects if you eat too much at a time.
A common dosage recommendation is 20 grams (about 1.5 tablespoons) of chia seeds, twice per day.
Chia seeds are among the few trendy "superfoods" that are actually worthy of that term.


The Same Tired Old Arguments – Fight Aging!
A Daily Reflector article summarizes the tired old arguments used by those opposed to longer, healthier lives: overpopulation, boredom, the fear of change, the ridiculous notion that longer lives would lack meaning, and socialist concepts of equality - never mind that all have been extensively debunked for decades. The hidden underlying agenda is a little more notable in this article: "Experts contend the government could pursue a number of policies toward life extension. Some options include hindering, delaying or providing no funding for research or banning it outright." There you have it: support for government-mandated upper limits to life span right out in the open.


Download Donald – Credo (What Is Love?) Video.
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Stream And "Listen Donald – Credo (What Is Love?)" "Download Mp3" 320kbps Descarger Torrent Fakaza datafilehost CDQ Itunes Song Below.


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5 most effective risk management steps
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Every company or organization faces the threat of unexpected, harmful events that could lead to loss of money or permanent closure of the business. ...
Every company or organization faces the threat of unexpected, harmful events that could lead to loss of money or permanent closure of the business. Risk management entails the process of identifying, assessing and prioritizing these potential unfortunate events and employing minimal resources to avoid their impact. It gives the company foresight about all possible backlashes it could face from its investments and projects.
The risk management process relies mainly on the ability to identify the risk as no risk management framework will thwart an unknown threat. Sources of these risks vary from financial uncertainty, legal liabilities, disasters that could be natural or accidental, to strategic management errors. The reference will inform the type of risk management strategy that needs to be employed to minimize the resulting impact on the company. A digitized company, for example, requires a robust risk management plan for identifying and managing risks to its digital assets like its data and intellectual property.
A document acting as a repository for all risks identified and the best potential reactions is a necessary tool for all organizations. This document should include a risk register which details the nature of the risks and mitigation measures displayed in a table or as a scatterplot. A risk management pdf should be available for editing for relevance.
Examples of Risk Management
Although avoiding risk is the simplest way for a business to manage any possible backlash, it often comes with a loss in revenue potential. Releasing the product in stages reduces the risk of capital wastage. Buying errors and omissions insurance by a publication company to protect them from a possible lawsuit is another example of risk management.
Importance of Risk Management
It enables the company to establish procedures to avoid potential threats, to minimize their impact in case they occur or to cope with the consequences of the dangers.
By understanding and controlling risks, the confidence of the organization is boosted when it comes to business decisions.
Risk management protects the organization, including the staff and assets, from the unfortunate events that may rock or even sink the company.
The insurance needs of the company become clear during risk analysis.
It helps the company to focus specifically on achieving their goals.
To determine the best risk management strategy to employ in your case, consider the following systematic steps:
Risk identification: Is it internal or external, what is the source of the threat? Software simulations can be used to identify possible risks.
Analyze the risk: Thoroughly go over the consequences that the threat will have on the organization. Will it affect customer behavior, company image or current projects?
Risk evaluation: Rank the threat in terms of the magnitude of its effects and the potential of it coming to pass.
Treat the risk: Deal with the worst threats first. As you move forward with the action plans, be preventative but have a contingency plan to ensure that there are no surprises.
Monitor the risk: Track the involved variables and the proposed possible risk-to-chain reactions. Extinguish or minimize rising problems while trying to avoid widespread ripple effects or triggering a more significant threats.
While the total avoidance of all risk is rarely possible, a risk management strategy aims at deflecting as many threats as possible at the least cost to the company. Risk management techniques that can be employed include: avoiding disruptive consequences altogether, reducing the risk and maximizing the reward post-event, sharing the burden of loss, and absorbing the threat at the least possible cost. Any risk management type has to be the best at that point.
A company may have to share risks within its departments or with third parties such as vendors or business partners. If the risk is worth it from a business point of view, sometimes it is best to keep it, manage it and reap most of the benefits that it may bring.
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Q: Problem reading Floats in Pandas data frame in python I'm having a fairly tedious problem with my python project. I'm trying to get stock data using yfinance and plotting the data using Plotly to get a candlestick chart with Moving averages and Volume indicators.
The problem is that now I'm checking for intersections in the Moving averages iterating over the data frame columns:MA3, MA6, and MA9, then, adding each element to a list and then checking if that list has doubles. I know it has doubles but when I check for them the output is: None. I'm pretty sure it has something to do with python reading float64 or something like that so I tried to convert the number to float 32 or 16 with numpy but doing so I lose decimal digits and I don't think that's the right approach, to be honest, I don't think a data frame iteration is a good approach either
here is the code sample not including the Plotly part:
import pandas as pd

def intersections(list1: list) ->list:

  not_double = []
  double = []

  for i in list1:
    if i in not_double:
      double.append(i)
    else:
      not_double.append(i)

    return double

def pair_list_check(list_a: list, list_b: list) ->list:

  # list to store doubles
  doubles = []

  for i in list_a:
    if i in list_b:
      doubles.append(i)

  return doubles

# Rading the csv
df = pd.read_csv('MA-intersections.csv')

ma3 = df['1dma3']
ma6 = df['1dma6']
ma9 = df['1dma9']

all_ma = []
ma3_list = []
ma6_list = []
ma9_list = []

# Sorting numbers to the appropriate lists
for i in ma3:
  ma3_list.append(i)
  all_ma.append(i)
for i in ma6:
  ma6_list.append(i)
  all_ma.append(i)
for i in ma9:
  ma9_list.append(i)
  all_ma.append(i)
  # print(type(i))

# Checking for intersections

ma3_ma6 = print(f"MA3 AND MA6 INTERSECTIONS ARE: {pair_list_check(ma3_list, ma6_list)}")
ma6_ma6 = print(f"MA3 AND MA9 INTERSECTIONS ARE: {pair_list_check(ma3_list, ma9_list)}")
ma3_ma9 = print(f"MA6 AND MA9 INTERSECTIONS ARE: {pair_list_check(ma6_list, ma9_list)}")
all_ma_inter = print(f"THE COMMON INTERSECTIONS BETWEEN ALL MAs  ARE: {intersections(all_ma)}")

output:
MA3 AND MA6 INTERSECTIONS ARE: []
MA3 AND MA9 INTERSECTIONS ARE: []
MA6 AND MA9 INTERSECTIONS ARE: []
THE COMMON INTERSECTIONS BETWEEN ALL MAs  ARE: []

And this is the data frame I am currently working with:
,Datetime,1dma3,1dma6,1dma9
0,2021-09-15 16:00:00-04:00,,,
1,2021-09-15 15:55:00-04:00,,,
2,2021-09-15 15:50:00-04:00,149.07333374023438,,
3,2021-09-15 15:45:00-04:00,149.15333557128906,,
4,2021-09-15 15:40:00-04:00,149.17833455403647,,
5,2021-09-15 15:35:00-04:00,149.25833638509116,149.16583506266275,
6,2021-09-15 15:30:00-04:00,149.1816660563151,149.1675008138021,
7,2021-09-15 15:25:00-04:00,149.14336649576822,149.16085052490234,
8,2021-09-15 15:20:00-04:00,148.9929656982422,149.12565104166666,149.10821194118924
9,2021-09-15 15:15:00-04:00,148.96963500976562,149.07565053304037,149.10154554578992
10,2021-09-15 15:10:00-04:00,148.8896026611328,149.01648457845053,149.0704345703125
11,2021-09-15 15:05:00-04:00,148.8300018310547,148.91148376464844,149.02710130479602
12,2021-09-15 15:00:00-04:00,148.72040303548178,148.8450190226237,148.95723470052084
13,2021-09-15 14:55:00-04:00,148.5970662434896,148.7433344523112,148.87667846679688
14,2021-09-15 14:50:00-04:00,148.52540079752603,148.67770131429037,148.7827894422743
15,2021-09-15 14:45:00-04:00,148.48666381835938,148.60353342692056,148.72556728786893
16,2021-09-15 14:40:00-04:00,148.4499969482422,148.52353159586588,148.6455552842882
17,2021-09-15 14:35:00-04:00,148.4016316731771,148.46351623535156,148.58567810058594
18,2021-09-15 14:30:00-04:00,148.3218994140625,148.40428161621094,148.50965542263455
19,2021-09-15 14:25:00-04:00,148.31856791178384,148.38428243001303,148.45521036783853
20,2021-09-15 14:20:00-04:00,148.28693135579428,148.3442815144857,148.40465460883246
21,2021-09-15 14:15:00-04:00,148.24169921875,148.28179931640625,148.35008748372397
22,2021-09-15 14:10:00-04:00,148.20836385091147,148.26346588134766,148.32564290364584
23,2021-09-15 14:05:00-04:00,148.23169962565103,148.25931549072266,148.30675421820746
24,2021-09-15 14:00:00-04:00,148.24496459960938,148.2433319091797,148.26952107747397
25,2021-09-15 13:55:00-04:00,148.21263122558594,148.2104975382487,148.24652099609375
26,2021-09-15 13:50:00-04:00,148.2342987060547,148.23299916585287,148.2509765625
27,2021-09-15 13:45:00-04:00,148.31096903483072,148.27796681722006,148.26587761773004
28,2021-09-15 13:40:00-04:00,148.35177103678384,148.2822011311849,148.2575887044271
29,2021-09-15 13:35:00-04:00,148.2917683919271,148.26303354899088,148.2525889078776
30,2021-09-15 13:30:00-04:00,148.25566609700522,148.28331756591797,148.2705332438151
31,2021-09-15 13:25:00-04:00,148.23719787597656,148.29448445638022,148.26720004611545
32,2021-09-15 13:20:00-04:00,148.19219970703125,148.24198404947916,148.23942226833768
33,2021-09-15 13:15:00-04:00,148.09830220540366,148.17698415120444,148.22164577907986
34,2021-09-15 13:10:00-04:00,147.99493408203125,148.1160659790039,148.19463433159723
35,2021-09-15 13:05:00-04:00,147.9499308268229,148.0710652669271,148.1446329752604
36,2021-09-15 13:00:00-04:00,148.0017293294271,148.05001576741537,148.11856587727866
37,2021-09-15 12:55:00-04:00,148.05343119303384,148.02418263753256,148.09518771701389
38,2021-09-15 12:50:00-04:00,148.07343546549478,148.01168314615884,148.07185533311633
39,2021-09-15 12:45:00-04:00,148.0433349609375,148.02253214518228,148.04778883192273
40,2021-09-15 12:40:00-04:00,148.0066680908203,148.0300496419271,148.01834445529514
41,2021-09-15 12:35:00-04:00,148.02333068847656,148.0483830769857,148.01556566026477
42,2021-09-15 12:30:00-04:00,147.92332967122397,147.98333231608072,147.98946465386285
43,2021-09-15 12:25:00-04:00,147.80499776204428,147.90583292643228,147.9550323486328
44,2021-09-15 12:20:00-04:00,147.55333455403647,147.7883326212565,147.88336690266928
45,2021-09-15 12:15:00-04:00,147.35333760579428,147.63833363850912,147.77333407931857
46,2021-09-15 12:10:00-04:00,147.203369140625,147.50418345133463,147.6716783311632
47,2021-09-15 12:05:00-04:00,147.20213317871094,147.3777338663737,147.59293280707465
48,2021-09-15 12:00:00-04:00,147.23379516601562,147.29356638590494,147.5034874810113
49,2021-09-15 11:55:00-04:00,147.27709452311197,147.2402318318685,147.4284871419271
50,2021-09-15 11:50:00-04:00,147.15333048502603,147.1777318318685,147.3029327392578
51,2021-09-15 11:45:00-04:00,147.03999837239584,147.13689676920572,147.20904371473523
52,2021-09-15 11:40:00-04:00,146.97666931152344,147.12688191731772,147.15237765842014
53,2021-09-15 11:35:00-04:00,147.00833638509116,147.0808334350586,147.12126668294272
54,2021-09-15 11:30:00-04:00,147.03667195638022,147.03833516438803,147.10348849826389
55,2021-09-15 11:25:00-04:00,147.02033487955728,146.99850209554037,147.09136623806424
56,2021-09-15 11:20:00-04:00,147.0720011393229,147.04016876220703,147.07788933648004
57,2021-09-15 11:15:00-04:00,147.05676778157553,147.04671986897787,147.0444793701172
58,2021-09-15 11:10:00-04:00,147.096435546875,147.05838521321616,147.03114657931857
59,2021-09-15 11:05:00-04:00,147.13810221354166,147.10505167643228,147.07281324598523
60,2021-09-15 11:00:00-04:00,147.25166829427084,147.1542180379232,147.1150360107422
61,2021-09-15 10:55:00-04:00,147.27833557128906,147.18738555908203,147.13170199924045
62,2021-09-15 10:50:00-04:00,147.15833536783853,147.1482187906901,147.12281290690103
63,2021-09-15 10:45:00-04:00,147.04833475748697,147.1500015258789,147.11892361111111
64,2021-09-15 10:40:00-04:00,146.90166727701822,147.09000142415366,147.09214613172742
65,2021-09-15 10:35:00-04:00,146.89176432291666,147.0250498453776,147.06273396809897
66,2021-09-15 10:30:00-04:00,146.77176411946616,146.91004943847656,147.023922390408
67,2021-09-15 10:25:00-04:00,146.7117665608724,146.8067169189453,146.96392313639322
68,2021-09-15 10:20:00-04:00,146.6433359781901,146.76755015055338,146.89781188964844
69,2021-09-15 10:15:00-04:00,146.66333516438803,146.7175496419271,146.8278113471137
70,2021-09-15 10:10:00-04:00,146.70000203450522,146.7058842976888,146.7711452907986
71,2021-09-15 10:05:00-04:00,146.89510091145834,146.76921844482422,146.81006707085504
72,2021-09-15 10:00:00-04:00,147.07510375976562,146.8692194620768,146.83673434787326
73,2021-09-15 09:55:00-04:00,147.3184356689453,147.00921885172525,146.91006808810764
74,2021-09-15 09:50:00-04:00,147.2483367919922,147.07171885172525,146.92892456054688
75,2021-09-15 09:45:00-04:00,147.4250030517578,147.25005340576172,147.05448065863715
76,2021-09-15 09:40:00-04:00,147.4683380126953,147.3933868408203,147.1622585720486
77,2021-09-15 09:35:00-04:00,147.78667195638022,147.5175043741862,147.31003655327692
78,2021-09-15 09:30:00-04:00,148.00000508626303,147.7125040690104,147.50003729926215

Sample of the chart
Note that the purple line is a line going through the intersection between all MAs values (considering only the first 3 decimal digits)

A: *

*using this technique for finding rows where all values are equal Pandas Dataframe Find Rows Where all Columns Equal

*I don't find any intersections when using 3DP,  there are a number if 1DP is used

*bringing it back together as a plotly express figure

import io
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import plotly.express as px

df = pd.read_csv(io.StringIO(""",Datetime,1dma3,1dma6,1dma9
0,2021-09-15 16:00:00-04:00,,,
1,2021-09-15 15:55:00-04:00,,,
2,2021-09-15 15:50:00-04:00,149.07333374023438,,
3,2021-09-15 15:45:00-04:00,149.15333557128906,,
4,2021-09-15 15:40:00-04:00,149.17833455403647,,
5,2021-09-15 15:35:00-04:00,149.25833638509116,149.16583506266275,
6,2021-09-15 15:30:00-04:00,149.1816660563151,149.1675008138021,
7,2021-09-15 15:25:00-04:00,149.14336649576822,149.16085052490234,
8,2021-09-15 15:20:00-04:00,148.9929656982422,149.12565104166666,149.10821194118924
9,2021-09-15 15:15:00-04:00,148.96963500976562,149.07565053304037,149.10154554578992
10,2021-09-15 15:10:00-04:00,148.8896026611328,149.01648457845053,149.0704345703125
11,2021-09-15 15:05:00-04:00,148.8300018310547,148.91148376464844,149.02710130479602
12,2021-09-15 15:00:00-04:00,148.72040303548178,148.8450190226237,148.95723470052084
13,2021-09-15 14:55:00-04:00,148.5970662434896,148.7433344523112,148.87667846679688
14,2021-09-15 14:50:00-04:00,148.52540079752603,148.67770131429037,148.7827894422743
15,2021-09-15 14:45:00-04:00,148.48666381835938,148.60353342692056,148.72556728786893
16,2021-09-15 14:40:00-04:00,148.4499969482422,148.52353159586588,148.6455552842882
17,2021-09-15 14:35:00-04:00,148.4016316731771,148.46351623535156,148.58567810058594
18,2021-09-15 14:30:00-04:00,148.3218994140625,148.40428161621094,148.50965542263455
19,2021-09-15 14:25:00-04:00,148.31856791178384,148.38428243001303,148.45521036783853
20,2021-09-15 14:20:00-04:00,148.28693135579428,148.3442815144857,148.40465460883246
21,2021-09-15 14:15:00-04:00,148.24169921875,148.28179931640625,148.35008748372397
22,2021-09-15 14:10:00-04:00,148.20836385091147,148.26346588134766,148.32564290364584
23,2021-09-15 14:05:00-04:00,148.23169962565103,148.25931549072266,148.30675421820746
24,2021-09-15 14:00:00-04:00,148.24496459960938,148.2433319091797,148.26952107747397
25,2021-09-15 13:55:00-04:00,148.21263122558594,148.2104975382487,148.24652099609375
26,2021-09-15 13:50:00-04:00,148.2342987060547,148.23299916585287,148.2509765625
27,2021-09-15 13:45:00-04:00,148.31096903483072,148.27796681722006,148.26587761773004
28,2021-09-15 13:40:00-04:00,148.35177103678384,148.2822011311849,148.2575887044271
29,2021-09-15 13:35:00-04:00,148.2917683919271,148.26303354899088,148.2525889078776
30,2021-09-15 13:30:00-04:00,148.25566609700522,148.28331756591797,148.2705332438151
31,2021-09-15 13:25:00-04:00,148.23719787597656,148.29448445638022,148.26720004611545
32,2021-09-15 13:20:00-04:00,148.19219970703125,148.24198404947916,148.23942226833768
33,2021-09-15 13:15:00-04:00,148.09830220540366,148.17698415120444,148.22164577907986
34,2021-09-15 13:10:00-04:00,147.99493408203125,148.1160659790039,148.19463433159723
35,2021-09-15 13:05:00-04:00,147.9499308268229,148.0710652669271,148.1446329752604
36,2021-09-15 13:00:00-04:00,148.0017293294271,148.05001576741537,148.11856587727866
37,2021-09-15 12:55:00-04:00,148.05343119303384,148.02418263753256,148.09518771701389
38,2021-09-15 12:50:00-04:00,148.07343546549478,148.01168314615884,148.07185533311633
39,2021-09-15 12:45:00-04:00,148.0433349609375,148.02253214518228,148.04778883192273
40,2021-09-15 12:40:00-04:00,148.0066680908203,148.0300496419271,148.01834445529514
41,2021-09-15 12:35:00-04:00,148.02333068847656,148.0483830769857,148.01556566026477
42,2021-09-15 12:30:00-04:00,147.92332967122397,147.98333231608072,147.98946465386285
43,2021-09-15 12:25:00-04:00,147.80499776204428,147.90583292643228,147.9550323486328
44,2021-09-15 12:20:00-04:00,147.55333455403647,147.7883326212565,147.88336690266928
45,2021-09-15 12:15:00-04:00,147.35333760579428,147.63833363850912,147.77333407931857
46,2021-09-15 12:10:00-04:00,147.203369140625,147.50418345133463,147.6716783311632
47,2021-09-15 12:05:00-04:00,147.20213317871094,147.3777338663737,147.59293280707465
48,2021-09-15 12:00:00-04:00,147.23379516601562,147.29356638590494,147.5034874810113
49,2021-09-15 11:55:00-04:00,147.27709452311197,147.2402318318685,147.4284871419271
50,2021-09-15 11:50:00-04:00,147.15333048502603,147.1777318318685,147.3029327392578
51,2021-09-15 11:45:00-04:00,147.03999837239584,147.13689676920572,147.20904371473523
52,2021-09-15 11:40:00-04:00,146.97666931152344,147.12688191731772,147.15237765842014
53,2021-09-15 11:35:00-04:00,147.00833638509116,147.0808334350586,147.12126668294272
54,2021-09-15 11:30:00-04:00,147.03667195638022,147.03833516438803,147.10348849826389
55,2021-09-15 11:25:00-04:00,147.02033487955728,146.99850209554037,147.09136623806424
56,2021-09-15 11:20:00-04:00,147.0720011393229,147.04016876220703,147.07788933648004
57,2021-09-15 11:15:00-04:00,147.05676778157553,147.04671986897787,147.0444793701172
58,2021-09-15 11:10:00-04:00,147.096435546875,147.05838521321616,147.03114657931857
59,2021-09-15 11:05:00-04:00,147.13810221354166,147.10505167643228,147.07281324598523
60,2021-09-15 11:00:00-04:00,147.25166829427084,147.1542180379232,147.1150360107422
61,2021-09-15 10:55:00-04:00,147.27833557128906,147.18738555908203,147.13170199924045
62,2021-09-15 10:50:00-04:00,147.15833536783853,147.1482187906901,147.12281290690103
63,2021-09-15 10:45:00-04:00,147.04833475748697,147.1500015258789,147.11892361111111
64,2021-09-15 10:40:00-04:00,146.90166727701822,147.09000142415366,147.09214613172742
65,2021-09-15 10:35:00-04:00,146.89176432291666,147.0250498453776,147.06273396809897
66,2021-09-15 10:30:00-04:00,146.77176411946616,146.91004943847656,147.023922390408
67,2021-09-15 10:25:00-04:00,146.7117665608724,146.8067169189453,146.96392313639322
68,2021-09-15 10:20:00-04:00,146.6433359781901,146.76755015055338,146.89781188964844
69,2021-09-15 10:15:00-04:00,146.66333516438803,146.7175496419271,146.8278113471137
70,2021-09-15 10:10:00-04:00,146.70000203450522,146.7058842976888,146.7711452907986
71,2021-09-15 10:05:00-04:00,146.89510091145834,146.76921844482422,146.81006707085504
72,2021-09-15 10:00:00-04:00,147.07510375976562,146.8692194620768,146.83673434787326
73,2021-09-15 09:55:00-04:00,147.3184356689453,147.00921885172525,146.91006808810764
74,2021-09-15 09:50:00-04:00,147.2483367919922,147.07171885172525,146.92892456054688
75,2021-09-15 09:45:00-04:00,147.4250030517578,147.25005340576172,147.05448065863715
76,2021-09-15 09:40:00-04:00,147.4683380126953,147.3933868408203,147.1622585720486
77,2021-09-15 09:35:00-04:00,147.78667195638022,147.5175043741862,147.31003655327692
78,2021-09-15 09:30:00-04:00,148.00000508626303,147.7125040690104,147.50003729926215"""))

df = df.drop(columns=["Unnamed: 0"])
df["Datetime"] = pd.to_datetime(df["Datetime"])

DP = 1
a = df.loc[:,[c for c in df.columns if "1dma" in c]].round(DP).values
df["intersect"] = np.where((a == a[:, [0]]).all(axis=1), df["1dma3"], np.nan)
df["intersect"] = df["intersect"].fillna(method="bfill").fillna(method="ffill")

px.line(df, x="Datetime", y=[c for c in df.columns if c!="Datetime"])

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: how to add debug code? (should go to Debug, shouldn't go to Release) I need to log a lot of information in my software for debugging.
However I need this option only during development, I would prefer to exclude all this code in Release.
Of course I can surround the place I want to debug with "if":
if (isDebugMode()) {
  Logger.log(blahblah);
}

But because my software is pretty time-critical, I want to avoid a lot of unnesseray "if" tests.
I.e. I think I need analog of c "#define #ifdef #ifndef". Are there any technics in c# or .net to solve my task easily?

A: Why don't you instead use the DEBUG symbol?
#if DEBUG
  // debug only code here
#endif

Here is an article describing all of the preprocessor directives available to you in C#, and you are also able to define your own preprocessor variables in your project's properties menu.

A: As others have mentioned, you can use a combination of the "preprocessor" directives:
#if DEBUG
    ThisWholeSectionIsTreatedAsACommentIfDEBUGIsNotDefined();
#endif

and the conditional attribute:
Debug.Assert(x); // Call will be removed entirely in non-debug build because it has conditional attr

However, it is important to realize that one of them is a part of the lexical analysis of the program and the other is part of the semantic analysis. It is easy to get confused. My article on the difference might help:
http://ericlippert.com/2009/09/10/whats-the-difference-between-conditional-compilation-and-the-conditional-attribute/

A: You can use this as a native alternative for debug only logging:
Debug.Write("blah blah");

which will only be logged if this is a debug build.

A: You can use [ConditionalAttribute("DEBUG")] in front of your Logger.log method so it will only get compiled in debug mode and completely removed in release mode.
This is how the Debug class methods are all marked.
The upside of this compared to using the #if approach is that code with the Conditional attribute doesn't even exist at runtime, and all references to it get removed, instead of staying there with an empty body (or however you'd compile it conditionally).

A: Conditional attribute could help in this case.
Something like this:

class DebugModeLogger
{
    [Conditional("DEBUG")]
    public static void WriteLog(string message)
    {
        //Log it
    }
}

Extract from MSDN:
The attribute Conditional enables the definition of conditional methods. The Conditional attribute indicates a condition by testing a conditional compilation symbol. Calls to a conditional method are either included or omitted depending on whether this symbol is defined at the point of the call. If the symbol is defined, the call is included; otherwise, the call (including evaluation of the parameters of the call) is omitted.


text:
Arts and Culture, Business, Events, Hyde Park, Words
by Sharon Lurye • May 16, 2013
The grinding whir of machinery could still be heard from the front steps of the Seminary Co-op. Just across the road from the bookstore's new location at 5751 S. Woodlawn, construction was going on seven days a week on the old location. The dust and noise, however, became invisible as soon as the door of the new building closed behind me. The point of the day was not to reminisce about the old, but to celebrate a new beginning–the official grand opening of the Seminary Co-op's new Woodlawn location.
I got there early in the day-long celebration, a little after its first event: a picture-book reading from local children's authors. At ten in the morning, the store had not yet grown crowded, except for the little kids who alternated between huddling on the floor of the graphic novel section cradling their books and chasing their friends through the shelves. This breathing space afforded me a good opportunity to speak with the staff members. The first person I had to hear from was, of course, Jack Cella, general manager of the bookstore since time immemorial.
Cella, a dignified man with a closely-cropped white beard, mostly refrains from talking about himself. However, he jumps at the opportunity to talk about his store. "I think it's a great day to introduce people to the new location and celebrate all the writers and readers who patronize the Co-op and who are its co-owners," he said. The party was partially to thank the architects who had designed the new location, but more to celebrate the whole Sem Co-op community. He went on at length about the meaning of having a customer-owned store: "It's just such an exceptional community to be part of."
A new exhibit at the Regenstein Library, documenting the last days of the Seminary location, shows how deeply people loved the fact that the old Co-op was situated in a labyrinthine basement. But with its more modern and quotidian additions like natural light, space, and a functioning heating system, could there still be magic in the new location?
Rui da Cunha, a ten-year employee of the store, does speak with nostalgia for the old store. "I hope everyone will remember it; it was such an amazing place," he sighs. But he smiles as he adjusts a crooked layer of books on the new shelves. He explains that the old store was an "organic" creation, one that grew gradually over decades and decades. "Creating that," he said, "no way could any book store do that without seeming contrived."
That's one of the reasons why the new location doesn't try to ape the old Sem's look; instead, its design pays homage to the old location while still being very much its own creature. The main floor is spacious and bright; there are chairs to sit on and big windows to look out of, and there is plenty of natural light. That openness, however, did not prevent the designers from finding a way to add some magic to the layout with a few surprising touches.
They grouped bookshelves together in free-standing clusters so as to create a maze like that of Hyde Park lore, but the light from the large windows facing the street ensures that the large room is easy to navigate. Within each cluster, the shelves are arranged so as to create a little alcove. It's still very possible, then, to slip into an alcove and open up a book, like a child would in her favorite secret corner. It's a maze that's not a maze, and corners that aren't corners–a touch of magic in what is a very modern set-up.
Or perhaps, as nice as it is to admire good design, the magic of the new space has nothing to do with that. Anne Marie Miles, a customer who was roaming the shelves, told me that it was a "terrific" space; she admired the set-up and the nice, big windows. But for her, she explains: "This bookstore represents the soul of the Hyde Park intellectual community…I think the magic is in the selection of books, the people you meet, and the staff. And [here] that all comes through."
Tags: Jack Cella Seminary Co-op Seminary Co-op Bookstore
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I've come across multiple times where I have a good match with someone who skips their replays and plays a good game.
Then if it so happens that they score an injury time winner, they go crazy with shushing, dabbing, running to camera, watching all replays.
Is it just the emotion of the moment that turns them? Idk, but I'm curious.
For me at least, if it's a really close game and I nick a goal right at the end, I feel rather bad for my opponent, so I go on and skip my replay and finish out the game.
Im just looking at the leaderboards match earnings 5.9 M just over 7000 matches.
West Ham badge @Dan is Clutch How do u make the time to do SBC's.
6800 of those matches were loyalty glitch matches for SBCs.
I don't think the SBC will drop a lot,you need a lot of 90/89/88 rated cards to complete those SBC's and EA will release other SBC's during the promo's to keep the prices high.
People expecting these PIM SBC's to half in price are in for a shock.
Well yeah we need the funds to buy De Ligt.
Totally agree, Barcelona have enough plastic fans across the world buying merchandise to fund transfers without sales.
Re: Wtf happened this week has that ever happened to you guys?
Re: Is it worth having a high rated GK?
The game is in control of the goal keeper .. so is pointless to upgrade i think . I have ddg and i been looking for a better goal keeper, and i think is a waste of money.. game will decide if hes stoping the ball or not .


Note: The following article appeared in the January-February, 2008 issue of Bottles and Extras (pp. 43-45), bi-monthly publication of The Federation of Historical Bottle Collectors. It won the FOHBC First Place Award for "Best Research Article" in 2008.
In 1893, James Esposito and his brother, Vincent, emigrating to the United States from Casoli, Italy, were thrilled to see the Statue of Liberty as their ship entered New York harbor.
After passing through immigration on Ellis Island, the brothers made their way to Philadelphia, Pa., where they found work as bakers in a predominantly Italian neighborhood. They boarded at Frank Polumbo's halfway house at Eighth and Catherine streets. (Polumbo later opened a popular night club).
They worked hard and saved enough money to open a bottling business at 706 Fulton Street. In addition to becoming distributors of Poth's Beer, they manufactured a wide variety of soda waters, selling them in a wide variety of Charles Hutchinson's bottles embossed with an American flag. Hutchinson was the son of a Chicago bottler who patented his internal stopper system in 1879.
It was the Esposito brothers' way of paying homage to their adopted country, letting everyone know they were proud to be Americans.
Their bottling business was successful, but about 1900 for reasons unknown, James Esposito, just 24 years old at the time, decided to pull out of the partnership and establish his own soda water business. He purchased adjoining houses at 812 and 814 Washington Avenue, with the larger, five-bedroom house at 812 serving as the family's living quarters because he was married and had fathered children. The house next door sometimes served as a temporary residence for other Italian immigrants who sometimes worked at the bottling business located in a garage between the two dwellings.
James Esposito is holding the horses as a friend occupies the wagon seat. Check out those wooden Koca Nola cases. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
James Esposito and friends, each with a Koca Nola in their hands, celebrate circa 1910-1914. James is in the center of the group, and his two young sons, Anthony and Jimmy, are in the background, center. The little girl in the doorway is his daughter, Mary. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
As his business grew, James built a large, two-story addition to the garage-bottling plant that extended all the way to Alter Street. During the renovations, the business was moved to 612-614 Fitzwater Street and Hutchinson bottles bearing that address exist. Later, the business returned to its Washington Avenue addresses.
He continued the tradition of ordering flag-embossed Hutchinson and crown-top bottles that saluted the country's free enterprise system. Only in America could a poor Italian immigrant achieve great success at business through hard work, honesty and shrewd business sense.
Bottles embossed Jiacomo Esposito and Giacomo Esposito, the equivalents of "James" in Italian, also exist. (Note: There is no "J" in the Italian alphabet, according to Bob Esposito, James' grandson, so Jiacomo is a misspelling).
In the spring of 1905, James Esposito became one of the first bottlers to be awarded a franchise from the fledgling Koca Nola Company in Atlanta. Entrepreneur Thomas H. Austin organized the soda water company in February of that year. That same year, James also helped organize the South Philadelphia Sons of Italy.
Cardboard Advertising Sign Circa 1910. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
He probably sold more Koca Nola than did bottlers of the drink in 15 other states and the bottles in which it was sold have become collector's items. The Hutchinsons come in aquamarine, citron, straw yellow and honey amber. Later crown tops come in clear, aqua, teal and amber.
At some point in late 1905 or early 1906 it appears that James bought his brother Vincent's bottling plant at 706 Fulton Street, as quart Koca Nola crown top bottles exist bearing both that address and James' name. Hutchinson bottles with an embossed American flag and the 706 Fulton Street address and James' name also exist.
James Esposito's Business Card Circa 1910. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
The Coca-Cola Company in 1912 took James to federal court to stop him from using the Koca Nola bottles because of the similarity in names. The case took more than 10 years to decide, but in 1922 Esposito finally lost the case and changed the name to Espo Cola and later Trio Cola, but the federal judge blocked those names, too. So James again switched names, to Primo Cola, and the judge approved the name. Perhaps there was a family joke there. Primo in Italian means first, something the judge probably didn't realize. The Austin company itself in 1910 lost its case after being sued by the federal government for reportedly having cocaine in its formula. The appeals process kept it in business, still shipping the syrup to its franchised bottlers, until 1914. But James Esposito continued to sell the drink for eight more years, apparently having wholesale amounts of the syrup on hand.
Trio Quart Paper Label Circa 1922. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
Later during the 19-teens, James began bottling a lemon-and-lime soda he named "Primo Gassosa." The second word meant carbonated soda in Italian and the syrups from which it was made were imported from Italy.
Cardboard Advertising Sign Circa 1920. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
According to family members, the drink became very popular and James thought it was the best carbonated soft drink. James became famous in his native Italy and in 1922 traveled back there to accept an award for achievements in business at the Italian Manufacturing Exposition.
His daughter-in-law, Mary Cipollone, nee Esposito, was an artist who turned her talents into designing paper labels for the company soda bottles, as well as many marketing items.
During the early 1930s, representatives from the 7UP Company in New York approached James in hopes of interesting him in a Philadelphia franchise. He turned them down, saying he would make his Primo Gassosa soda bigger and better than their drink.
James Esposito, age 60, founder of PRIMO Beverages, 1900-1938. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
In 1938, James passed away and his 37-year-old son, Tony, took over operation of the family business. Like his father, Tony was an astute businessman who took pride in his work. He kept the business thriving even as other South Philadelphia bottlers went out of business, no longer able to compete with the big brands.
However, during the early 1960s, the family business started to decline as bigger soda bottling manufacturers were able to operate more cheaply than Mom and Pop operations. In 1974, Tony Esposito closed the business, ending the family's 75-year-run.
James' son, Anthony Esposito, age 75. He owned the business 1938-1974. Photo courtesy of Bob Esposito.
AUTHOR'S NOTE: I am indebted to R.J. Brown of Tampa, Fla., for permission to use his images of the flag-embossed sodas; to Robert "Bob" Esposito, James' grandson, for his Esposito Family History; to the South Philly Review story, "Bubbling Up," by Lorraine Gennaro. Material also was used from my story in the October 2004 issue of Antique Bottle & Glass Collector, "J. Esposito, The King of the Koca Nola Franchise." I would like to hear from anyone with information about the James Esposito family and artifacts such as bottles, business envelopes, letterheads or billheads. Charles David Head, 23549-001, P.O. Box 150160, Atlanta, GA 30315.