text:
1903. With other artists, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Claude Debussy and Alexander Scriabin influenced their time (romantic era / modern & contemporary era). That year would see the birth of future classical or lyrical artists, such as Theodor W. Adorno, while others would disappear. That year, new works would be composed, published or performed for the first time in public, such as "Madama Butterfly" de Giacomo Puccini, for example. That year, halls or orchestras would be founded or ceased to operate.
All these moments, more or less notable, make the year 1903 a page in the history of classical and lyrical music to be discovered or rediscovered. soclassiq currently lists more than 330 of these moments for 1903.
romantic era (end)modern & contemporary era (beginning)
Birth of Božena ŽlábkováThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer
Birth of Carroll GibbonsThat year: 1903, Classical music, American-born pianist, bandleader and popular composer who made his career primarily in England (dead in 1954)
Birth of Boris BlacherThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer (dead in 1975)
Birth of Maurice AbravanelThat year: 1903, Classical music, Ottoman-American Jewish conductor (dead in 1993)
Birth of Jean MorelThat year: 1903, Classical music, American conductor (dead in 1975)
Birth of Sim VivaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Belgian actress (dead in 1982)
Birth of Charles KullmanThat year: 1903, Classical music, American opera singer (dead in 1983)
Birth of Yulii MeitusThat year: 1903, Classical music, Ukrainian composer (dead in 1997)
Birth of Berthold GoldschmidtThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer (dead in 1996)
Death of Friedrich RosenkranzThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1818)
Birth of Ervin NyiregyháziThat year: 1903, Classical music, Pianist virtuoso (dead in 1987)
Birth of Ture AraThat year: 1903, Classical music, Finnish singer and stage actor (1903–1979) (dead in 1979)
Death of Furneaux CookThat year: 1903, Classical music, British opera singer and actor (born in 1839)
Death of Léo PougetThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1875)
Birth of Robin MilfordThat year: 1903, Classical music, English composer (dead in 1959)
Birth of Alexander ZakinThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian pianist (dead in 1990)
Birth of Ivan GalamianThat year: 1903, Classical music, American musician (dead in 1981)
Death of Augusta HolmèsThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1847)
Death of Robert PlanquetteThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer of songs and operettas (born in 1848)
Death of Meyer LutzThat year: 1903, Classical music, German-born English composer and conductor (born in 1829)
Birth of Noboru ItōThat year: 1903, Classical music, Japanese composer (dead in 1993)
Death of Carl MachtsThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1846)
Birth of Frances JamesThat year: 1903, Classical music, Canadian opera singer (dead in 1988)
Birth of Sergey TseninThat year: 1903, Classical music, Soviet singer and opera singer (dead in 1978)
Death of Marc BurtyThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1827)
Death of Georges BullThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1827)
Death of William PaullThat year: 1903, Classical music, British baritone (born in 1872)
Birth of Claudio ArrauThat year: 1903, Classical music, Chilean pianist (dead in 1991)
Birth of Běla Rozumová-ChalabalováThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer, pedagogue (dead in 1986)
Birth of Gösta BäckelinThat year: 1903, Classical music, Swedish actor (dead in 1988)
Death of Hubbard T. SmithThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1854)
Premiere of Symphony No. 9 in D minorThat year: 1903, Classical music (Work for orchestra), Anton Bruckner
Birth of Hans RedlichThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian composer (dead in 1968)
Birth of Fernand OubradousThat year: 1903, Classical music, French bassoonist, conductor and composer (dead in 1986)
Birth of Todd DuncanThat year: 1903, Classical music, American opera singer (1903-1998) (dead in 1998)
Birth of Rudolf DittrichThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer and opera singer (1903-1990) (dead in 1990)
Birth of Thea Linhard-BöhmThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer and opera singer (dead in 1981)
Birth of Marie-Thérèse GauleyThat year: 1903, Classical music, French opera and concert singer (dead in 1992)
Death of Eduard BrunnerThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1843)
Death of Joseph ParryThat year: 1903, Classical music, Welsh composer (born in 1841)
Death of Adolf von HübbenetThat year: 1903, Classical music, German tenor (born in 1858)
Birth of Karel JanečekThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech music educator, composer, and musicologist (dead in 1974)
Birth of Jožka KrálíkováThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer
Death of Hugo WolfThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian composer (born in 1860)
Birth of Robert WeedeThat year: 1903, Classical music, Operatic baritone (dead in 1972)
Death of Friedrich GrützmacherThat year: 1903, Classical music, German musician (born in 1832)
Birth of Jean MoscopolThat year: 1903, Classical music, Romanian singer (dead in 1980)
Death of Albert CahenThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1846)
Death of Ferdinand BauerThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1836)
Death of Frédéric BoscovitzThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1836)
Birth of Pierre SavignolThat year: 1903, Classical music, French singer (dead in 1990)
Death of Nina Zottmayr-HartmannThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (born in 1836)
Birth of Margarete TeschemacherThat year: 1903, Classical music, singer (dead in 1959)
Birth of Gitta AlpárThat year: 1903, Classical music, Hungarian-born opera and operetta soprano (dead in 1991)
Death of Théodore Henri PontetThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1833)
Birth of Arsen Dionisovitsj ArsenkoThat year: 1903, Classical music, Soviet singer and opera singer (1903-1945) (dead in 1945)
Birth of Gorō IshiiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Japanese composer (dead in 1978)
Birth of Nikolai LopatnikoffThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian-American composer, music teacher and academic (dead in 1976)
Death of Franz Innozenz NachbaurThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer (born in 1830)
Death of Adolphe HermanThat year: 1903, Classical music, (1863-1903) (born in 1823)
Birth of Rudolf SerkinThat year: 1903, Classical music, Concert Pianist (dead in 1991)
Death of Amelia LehmannThat year: 1903, Classical music, British composer (born in 1838)
Birth of Lili KrausThat year: 1903, Classical music, Hungarian born English classical pianist (dead in 1986)
Birth of Božena StoegrováThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1961)
Death of Charles N. AllenThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1837)
Death of Heinrich BellermannThat year: 1903, Classical music, German musicologist (born in 1832)
Death of Giuseppina BrambillaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian opera singer (born in 1819)
Death of Václav Vlastimil HausmannThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech composer and organist (born in 1850)
Birth of Gerhard PechnerThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer and opera singer (dead in 1969)
Birth of Gregor PiatigorskyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian-born American cellist (dead in 1976)
Birth of Nicolas NabokovThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian composer (dead in 1978)
Birth of Josef HerrmannThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer (dead in 1955)
Death of Anna SlachThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer and opera singer (1900-1903) (born in 1855)
Death of Julius SiedeThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1825)
Death of Richard ThieleThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1847)
Birth of Günter RaphaelThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer (dead in 1960)
Death of Luigi ArditiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian composer, conductor (born in 1822)
Birth of Øivin FjeldstadThat year: 1903, Classical music, Norwegian conductor and violinist (dead in 1983)
Death of William DayasThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (born in 1863)
Birth of Stanislav MašataThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech composer, choirmaster and organist (dead in 1948)
Death of Anna ThillonThat year: 1903, Classical music, singer (born in 1819)
Death of Émile DurandThat year: 1903, Classical music, French musical theorist, teacher and composer (born in 1830)
Death of Giuseppe CremoniniThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian opera singer (born in 1866)
Birth of Lennox BerkeleyThat year: 1903, Classical music, British composer (dead in 1989)
Death of Augusto BendelariThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer
Death of Eduard RappoldiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian composer (born in 1831)
Death of Sibyl SandersonThat year: 1903, Classical music, American operatic soprano (1864-1903) (born in 1864)
Death of Karel ŠeborThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech conductor, violinist and composer (born in 1843)
Birth of Jerzy FitelbergThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (dead in 1951)
Birth of Tadeusz PrejznerThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer, conductor, pedagogue (dead in 1944)
Birth of Matvey GozenpudThat year: 1903, Classical music, soviet composer and pianist (dead in 1961)
Death of Theodor ReichmannThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (1849-1903) (born in 1849)
Birth of Joseph SchusterThat year: 1903, Classical music, cellist (dead in 1969)
Birth of Aram KhachaturianThat year: 1903, Classical music, Armenian Soviet composer and conductor (1903-1978) (dead in 1978)
Birth of Jindřich BlažíčekThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1979)
Birth of Yoshiko SatoThat year: 1903, Classical music, Japanese opera singer (dead in 1982)
Inauguration: Beurs van BerlageThat year: 1903, Classical music (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Birth of Walter GoehrThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer and conductor (dead in 1960)
Birth of Percy WhitlockThat year: 1903, Classical music, English organist (dead in 1946)
Birth of Mario PilatiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian composer (dead in 1938)
Birth of Yevgeny MravinskyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian conductor, pianist, and music pedagogue (1903–1988) (dead in 1988)
Birth of Margaret RitchieThat year: 1903, Classical music, English soprano (dead in 1969)
Birth of Vlastislav Antonín ViplerThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech conductor and composer (dead in 1971)
Birth of Christoph ReulandThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer (dead in 1983)
Birth of Kostia KonstantinoffThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian pianist, conductor, and composer (dead in 1947)
Birth of Jeanette MacDonaldThat year: 1903, Classical music, American singer and actress (1903-1965) (dead in 1965)
Birth of Louis KrasnerThat year: 1903, Classical music, American vioinist (dead in 1995)
Death of Antonio Álvarez AlonsoThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1867)
Death of Wilhelm PoppThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer and flutist. (born in 1828)
Birth of Jan GajdosThat year: 1903, Classical music, choir director, composer, organ builder, organist (dead in 1980)
Birth of Otto KöhlerThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer (dead in 1976)
Death of Jules PillevestreThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer and conductor (born in 1837)
Death of Rentarō TakiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Japanese Composer (born in 1879)
Birth of Melanie BugarinovićThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1986)
Death of Daniel GodfreyThat year: 1903, Classical music, English army officer, bandmaster, and composer (born in 1831)
Also in June
Death of Constance BacheThat year: 1903, Classical music, British musician, teacher, writer (born in 1846) .
Birth of Mário Simões DiasThat year: 1903, Classical music, Portuguese musician (dead in 1974)
Birth of Jerzy GardaThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1951)
Birth of Flor PeetersThat year: 1903, Classical music, Flemish organist, composer and music pedagogue (dead in 1986)
Birth of Carlo ZecchiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian pianist (dead in 1984)
Birth of Ebe StignaniThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian operatic mezzo-soprano singer (dead in 1974)
Birth of Henri KochThat year: 1903, Classical music, Belgian violinist (dead in 1969)
Birth of Muriel DicksonThat year: 1903, Classical music, singer and actress (dead in 1990)
Death of August ReissmannThat year: 1903, Classical music, German musicologist (born in 1825)
Death of Eugen Miroslav RutteThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech composer and singer (born in 1855)
Birth of Martti SeiloThat year: 1903, Classical music, Finnish opera singer and actor (dead in 1963)
Death of Theodor KewitschThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer, conductor, organist, trombonist, educator and journalist (born in 1834)
Birth of He LutingThat year: 1903, Classical music, Chinese musician (1903-1999) (dead in 1999)
Birth of Anny HelmThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian opera singer (dead in 1993)
Death of Édouard CazaneuveThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1835)
Birth of Boris GmyryaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Ukrainian singer (dead in 1969)
Birth of Robert DelaneyThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (dead in 1956)
Birth of André FleuryThat year: 1903, Classical music, French musician (dead in 1995)
Birth of Tamaki TokuyamaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Japanese singer (dead in 1942)
Death of Rosine StoltzThat year: 1903, Classical music, French operatic mezzo-soprano (born in 1815)
Also in July
Death of Minna NanitzThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer and opera singer (born in 1842) .
Birth of Maria ReiningThat year: 1903, Classical music, singer (dead in 1991)
Birth of James JohnstonThat year: 1903, Classical music, British opera singer (1903-1991) (dead in 1991)
Birth of Georges SébastianThat year: 1903, Classical music, French conductor (dead in 1989)
Birth of Nanette GuilfordThat year: 1903, Classical music, American musician, singer and opera singer (dead in 1990)
Composition of Armida, Op. 115That year: 1903, Classical music (Opera), Antonín Dvořák
Birth of Ede ZathureczkyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Hungarian violinist (dead in 1959)
Birth of Nikolay Karpowich TchemberdgyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Soviet composer (1903-1948) (dead in 1948)
Death of Ludwig EbnerThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer (born in 1858)
Death of Wilhelm ElsnerThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech opera singer (born in 1869)
Birth of Rudolf Wagner-RégenyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austro-Hungarian composer (dead in 1969)
Death of August LabitzkyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech conductor, violinist and composer (born in 1832)
Death of Enrico BevignaniThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian composer and conductor (born in 1841)
Birth of Wiktor BrégyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Polish singer and music educator (dead in 1976)
Death of Hermann ZumpeThat year: 1903, Classical music, German conductor and composer (born in 1850)
Death of Frank B. ConverseThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1837)
Death of Hippolyte Xavier GarimondThat year: 1903, Classical music, French oboist and composer (born in 1820)
Birth of Theodor W. AdornoThat year: 1903, Classical music, German sociologist, philosopher and musicologist (1903-1969) (dead in 1969)
Birth of Kurt MühlhardtThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer and actor (dead in 1980)
Birth of Stasė Dievaitytė-SkačkauskienėThat year: 1903, Classical music, Lithuanian opera singer (dead in 1970)
Birth of Pia TassinariThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian soprano (dead in 1995)
Birth of Vladimir HorowitzThat year: 1903, Classical music, American classical pianist and composer (dead in 1989)
Death of Theodor KirchnerThat year: 1903, Classical music, German musician (born in 1823)
Death of Anton RückaufThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian composer, pianist and music educator (born in 1855)
Death of Jesús de MonasterioThat year: 1903, Classical music, Spanish composer (born in 1836)
Death of Samuel A. WardThat year: 1903, Classical music, American organist and composer (born in 1847)
Death of Jean Jacques MassetThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer, singer (born in 1811)
Death of Clarence S. WallaceThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1851)
Death of Marie GeistingerThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian opera singer (born in 1833)
Death of Amélie PerronnetThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1838)
Death of Benedetto JunckThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian composer (born in 1852)
Death of Peter August SchneckerThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1850)
Birth of Varvara Adrianovna GaigerovaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian composer and pianist (dead in 1944)
Birth of Vernon DukeThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (dead in 1969)
Death of Herbert J. EllisThat year: 1903, Classical music, British musician (born in 1865)
Birth of José LuccioniThat year: 1903, Classical music, French opera singer (dead in 1978)
Birth of Vittorio GianniniThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (dead in 1966)
Death of Robert MusiolThat year: 1903, Classical music, German music writer, music pedagogue and composer (born in 1846)
Death of Mariya StepanovaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Opera singer (born in 1815)
Death of Eduard DecarliThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer (born in 1846)
Birth of Miroslav JiroušekThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech composer, mathematician and choirmaster (dead in 1983)
Death of Maurice RollinatThat year: 1903, Classical music, French poet (born in 1846)
Death of Victorin de JoncièresThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1839)
Death of Herbert OakeleyThat year: 1903, Classical music, English organist and composer (born in 1830)
Death of William ChaumetThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1842)
Birth of Konrad Friedrich NoetelThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer (dead in 1947)
Death of Richard LöfflerThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer
Birth of Witold SzpingierThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1960)
Death of Heinrich SalomonThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer and opera singer (born in 1825)
Birth of Noémie PérugiaThat year: 1903, Classical music, French singer and opera singer (dead in 1992)
Birth of Isca JarováThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1931)
Birth of Conrad ThibaultThat year: 1903, Classical music, singer (dead in 1954)
Birth of Arno SchellenbergThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer (dead in 1983)
Death of Henri AppyThat year: 1903, Classical music, violinist (born in 1826)
Death of Léon PillautThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1833)
Birth of Joseph KaminskiThat year: 1903, Classical music, Israeli composer (dead in 1972)
Death of Kaspar BauseweinThat year: 1903, Classical music, German opera singer (born in 1838)
Death of Heinrich BertramThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer, singer (born in 1825)
Birth of Josep Maria Tarridas i BarriThat year: 1903, Classical music, Spanish composer (1903-1992) (dead in 1992)
Death of Hart Pease DanksThat year: 1903, Classical music, American songwriter (born in 1834)
Birth of Geneviève TouraineThat year: 1903, Classical music, French singer (dead in 1982)
Death of Edmond PatzkéThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer, conductor (born in 1844)
Death of Julian MarshallThat year: 1903, Classical music, British music and print collector, tennis player and writer (born in 1836)
Death of Jules LevyThat year: 1903, Classical music, British musician (born in 1838)
Birth of Claude ArrieuThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (dead in 1990)
Death of Victor RogerThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1853)
Premiere of Kuolema (La mort) inclut 'la Valse Triste', Op. 44aThat year: 1903, Classical music (Theatrical music), Francis Poulenc
Death of Frederick Grant GleasonThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (born in 1848)
Death of Julius Otto GrimmThat year: 1903, Classical music, German composer and conductor (born in 1827)
Birth of Zoltán SzékelyThat year: 1903, Classical music, Hungarian musician (dead in 2001)
Birth of Irene EisingerThat year: 1903, Classical music, German singer (dead in 1994)
Birth of Zelma Watson GeorgeThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer (dead in 1994)
Birth of Luis H. SalgadoThat year: 1903, Classical music, Ecuadorian composer (dead in 1977)
Birth of Stepas SodeikaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Lithuanian opera singer (dead in 1964)
Death of Paul d'IvryThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1829)
Death of Kornél ÁbrányiThat year: 1903, Classical music, (1822-1903) composer (born in 1822)
Birth of Marc LavryThat year: 1903, Classical music, Israeli musician (dead in 1967)
Death of Paul-Agricole GéninThat year: 1903, Classical music, French composer (born in 1832)
Death of Louis Emile MontrougeThat year: 1903, Classical music, French opera singer (born in 1826)
Birth of Herbert AlbertThat year: 1903, Classical music, German conductor (dead in 1973)
Composition of Madama ButterflyThat year: 1903, Classical music (Opera), Giacomo Puccini
Death of Adolf ČechThat year: 1903, Classical music, Czech conductor who premiered many of Dvořák pieces. (born in 1841)
Also in December
Death of Adriano PantaleoniThat year: 1903, Classical music, opera singer, teacher (born in 1837) .
Death of Enric CamóThat year: 1903, Classical music, Spanish composer (1842-1903) (born in 1842). Inauguration: Buxton Opera HouseThat year: 1903, Classical music (Buxton, United Kingdom). Death of C. A. BraccoThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian musician and composer (born in 1860). Birth of María RomeroThat year: 1903, Classical music, singer soprano (dead in 1975). Inauguration: Paramount TheatreThat year: 1903, Classical music (Alexandria, United States of America). Death of Antonio de de Maria y CamposThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1836). Inception: Madrid Symphony OrchestraThat year: 1903, Classical music (Spain). Birth of Vittoria PalombiniThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian opera singer (dead in 1971). Death of Nicolò CocconThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian composer, conductor, organist (born in 1826). Inception: Wetzler Symphony OrchestraThat year: 1903, Classical music (United States of America). Death of Gustave PonceletThat year: 1903, Classical music, Belgian musician (born in 1844). Birth of Caterina JarboroThat year: 1903, Classical music, American opera singer (dead in 1986). Birth of Janet FairbankThat year: 1903, Classical music, American opera singer (dead in 1947). Death of Georges TiercyThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1861). Death of Jan MellerThat year: 1903, Classical music, conductor, opera singer (born in 1824). Birth of Eric FoggThat year: 1903, Classical music, British composer and conductor (dead in 1939). Inception: St. Michel StringsThat year: 1903, Classical music. Death of Germain ChevallierThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer . Inception: Ševčík-Lhatsky QuartetThat year: 1903, Classical music. Inception: Russian Symphony Orchestra SocietyThat year: 1903, Classical music (United States of America). Death of Eugène CaronThat year: 1903, Classical music, French opera singer (born in 1834). Birth of Aurora RettoreThat year: 1903, Classical music, Italian soprano . Inception: Minnesota OrchestraThat year: 1903, Classical music (United States of America). Inauguration: Pushkin State Academic Opera and Ballet TheatreThat year: 1903, Classical music (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). Inception: Royal Marines Band ServiceThat year: 1903, Classical music (United Kingdom). Inauguration: Bern TheatreThat year: 1903, Classical music (green quarter, Switzerland). Death of Louis Adolph KrantzThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1846). Birth of Richard WatsonThat year: 1903, Classical music, Australian bass opera and concert singer (1903-1968) (dead in 1968). Death of Joseph BeckThat year: 1903, Classical music, Austrian singer (born in 1848). Birth of Andrew McKinleyThat year: 1903, Classical music, American opera singer (dead in 1996). Inauguration: Opéra de VichyThat year: 1903, Classical music (Vichy, France). Death of Eugène SatiasThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1863). Death of Edmond DédéThat year: 1903, Classical music, American composer (born in 1823). Death of Vera ZorinaThat year: 1903, Classical music, Russian opera singer (born in 1853). Inception: The London ChorusThat year: 1903, Classical music (United Kingdom). Inception: Seattle SymphonyThat year: 1903, Classical music (United States of America). Death of Anatole LancelThat year: 1903, Classical music, composer (born in 1850).
Works (composition or publishing)
Camille Saint-Saëns (age 68)
Hélène (Opera)
Andromaque (Theatrical music)
Valse langoureuse, Op. 120 (Work for soloist)
Antonín Dvořák (age 62)
Overture to Armida, Op. 115 (Work for orchestra)
Edvard Grieg (age 60)
Slåtter, Opp. 72 (Work for soloist)
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (age 59)
The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden FevroniyaThat year: 1903, Classical music (Opera)
The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden FevroniyaThat year: 1903, Classical music (Work for orchestra)
Pan VoyevodaThat year: 1903, Classical music (Opera)
Serenade for cello and orchestra, Op. 37 (Work for orchestra with soloist)
Mlada Suite (Procession of the Nobles) (Work for orchestra)
Themes and Variations No. 4 for string quartet (Work for orchestra)
Leoš Janáček (age 49)
Veni Sancte Spiritus (Work for choir)
Constitues (Work for choir)
Edward Elgar (age 46)
The Apostles, Op. 49That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for choir), composed in 1902
In the South (Alassio), Op. 50 (Work for orchestra), published in 1904
Speak, my Heart! (Song, lied)
Skizze (Work for soloist)
Offertoire (Andante Religioso) (Work for chamber orchestra)
Weary Wind of the West (Work for choir)
Gustav Mahler (age 43)
Symphony No. 6 in A minor, "Tragische Sinfonie"That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for orchestra), published in 1906
Isaac Albéniz (age 43)
The Catepillar (Song, lied)
The gifts of God (Song, lied)
Claude Debussy (age 41)
EstampesThat year: 1903, Classical music (Work for soloist)
Estampes (orchestre) (Work for orchestra)
D'un cahier d'esquisses (Work for soloist)
Alexander Glazunov (age 38)
Symphony No. 7 in F major, Op. 77, "Pastorale" (Work for orchestra)
Richard Strauss (age 37)
Domestic Symphony, Op. 53That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for orchestra)
Taillefer, Op. 52 (Work for choir)
Hans Huber in Vitznau, canon for four voices in C major (Work for choir)
2 Lieder for voice and orchestra, Opp. 51 (Song, lied)
Erik Satie (age 37)
3 Pieces, "en forme de poire" (Work for soloist), published in 1911
Alexander Scriabin (age 31)
Sonata No. 4 in F-sharp major, Op. 30That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for soloist), published in 1904
2 Poems, Opp. 32 (Work for soloist)
Poem in D-sharp major, Op. 41 (Work for soloist)
8 Studies, Opp. 42 (Work for soloist)
2 Mazurkas, Opp. 40 (Work for soloist)
3 Preludes, Opp. 35 (Work for soloist)
Waltz in A-flat major, Op. 38 (Work for soloist)
Poème satanique, Op. 36 (Work for soloist)
Poème tragique, Op. 34 (Work for soloist)
Sergei Rachmaninoff (age 30)
Variations on a theme by Chopin, Op. 22That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for soloist)
10 Preludes, Opp. 23That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for soloist)
Arnold Schoenberg (age 29)
Pelleas und Melisande, Op. 5That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for orchestra)
To submit to your sweet glance (Song, lied)
Remembrance: His picture is still there (Song, lied)
6 Lieder, Opp. 3 (Song, lied)
Gustav Holst (age 29)
Quintet in A-flat major, Op. 14 (Work for chamber orchestra)
Indra, Op. 13 (Work for orchestra)
King Estmere, Op. 17 (Work for choir)
6 Songs, Opp. 16 (Song, lied)
Manuel de Falla (age 27)
Your small black eyes (Song, lied)
Béla Bartók (age 22)
Kossuth, symphonic poemThat year: 1903, Classical music (Work for orchestra)
4 Songs (Song, lied)
Scherzo in C major (Work for orchestra)
Violin Sonata in E minor (Work for chamber orchestra)
4 Pieces for piano (Work for soloist)
Evening (Work for choir)
Evening, for Voice and Piano (Song, lied)
Arthur Honegger (age 11)
Philippa (Opera)
Francis Poulenc (age 4)
10 Pieces, Opp. 24 (Work for soloist)
Einojuhani Rautavaara (age -25)
Schéhérazade, Opp. 41That year: 1903, Classical music (Song, lied)
String Quartet in F major, Op. 35That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for chamber orchestra)
Sonatina, Op. 40That year: 1903, Classical music (Work for soloist), published in 1905
Matinée de Provence, Op. 37 (Work for choir)
Fugue in E minor, Op. 36 (Work for soloist)
Alyssa, Op. 38 (Work for choir)
Manteau des fleurs, Op. 39 (Song, lied)


text:
The future of pharmacy in Nigeria
Published Jun 18, 2017 at 5:53am
Minister of Health, Isaac Adewole
Jude 'Feranmi
The future belongs to those who prepare for it today — Malcolm X
I chose to start this piece with the quote of a revolutionary even though I am aware of the likely makeup of my audience and how the word revolutionary sounds. But as you will realise in the next few paragraphs, if there's anything the noble profession of pharmacy in Nigeria requires more than everything else, it is revolution.
While waiting to address the community pharmacists in Lagos in the last bi-monthly meeting of the Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria, I listened as pharmacists passionately discuss the issues and the challenges of the practice in Nigeria's centre of excellence. For me, it was an episode of puzzles and problems back to back, from speaker to speaker. Even though the approaches to solve these problems changed and differed, the problems were the same.
Today, the community pharmacist is seen more as a businessman/woman than as a health care provider. This, above all, is where the problems converge. It explains for example why the Lagos State Government can decide to go ahead with an insurance scheme and not factor in community pharmacies.
The same attitude was experienced by pharmacists with regard to National Health Insurance Scheme. Even though all patients require the service of a pharmacist before getting healed, it doesn't seem to make any difference in the attitude being accorded pharmacists in Nigeria.
As far as the business of dispensing is concerned, patent stores can (illegally) conveniently carry that out as well as open stores. When it comes to prescriptions, auxiliary nurses can now do as well as a pharmacist if the doctor chooses to pass the buck. When it comes to consultation, anyone can make the argument that even though illegal, anyone who's been selling drugs for years can at least advise on most drugs being sold in stores.
"Everything" the community pharmacist does can be done by someone else who's not a pharmacist.
Where does this leave the community pharmacist then? Should he just continue to pick the crumbs that fall off the primary health care centres and hospitals? Should he just stick to the business of buying and selling drugs and re-selling to whoever wants to buy? Or should he start to switch to other roles?
There's no way you can remove the pharmacist out of the health care equation. Without drugs, health care is not health care! This is true, but to a point.
As much as the pharmacist can't be removed from the health care equation, he can be made so irrelevant from the healing equation that the only time a pharmacist is needed is when the drugs need to be manufactured. The patient therefore has no need for interactions with a pharmacist. This is grave for a couple of reasons: The consultations that the patient needs on drug interactions, compliance and drug therapy optimisation for example are lost.
It will be easy to lay all of the blame for this on the government as regards regulation, registration, nepotism and all sorts. That however, will be like the biblical Daniel trying to beg the lions once he was thrown in the lions' den.
For every challenge that pharmacists in Nigeria have, there is a technological solution. Shortage and distribution for example is a huge problem that is already being solved by a technological platform that helps pharmacies get orders from as many wholesale clients at once, track delivery and load inventory without as much as moving from point A to B.
Registration of pharmacies and the mapping of community pharmacies for example can be done using technology in such a way that every pharmacy premises that are registered can be accessed on one's computer. Insurance cover for drugs for Nigerians anywhere they are in the country can be rolled out in an e-insurance scheme where every subscriber has access to drugs from any pharmacy in the country.
The unavailability of pharmacy premises to patients in rural areas is a challenge that has been solved by telepharmacy years ago in other climes and there already exists companies who can deliver drugs to patients in need with drones.
Just last year, Apprecia pharmaceuticals printed Spritam, an epilepsy drug from a 3D machine. Atomwise discovered two drugs that will reduce Ebola infectivity using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in less than 24 hours. These kinds of innovation might be a long shot for the Nigerian pharmaceutical space at the moment, I understand. However, if there must be a role for the pharmacist in the healing process, the adoption of technology in the practice is not an option. It is a must.
It is obvious that there is a gap in the health care industry in Nigeria as things currently stand. There are not enough doctors to attend to the patients that continue to access health care facilities and more doctors are leaving the country by the day. Until the pharmacy community can prove its critical role in this health care gap, I do not think there's much to be said about a future of pharmacy in Nigeria in 2050 and beyond.
'Feranmi, a pharmacist, sent this via [email protected]
Our health and global warming
'Digitalisation'll improve health outcomes, sustainability'
'How to enhance healthy living'
The things that make us happy
Management of sciatica
Let us discuss metformin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Why this movie received minimal promotion on its US release earlier this year, I do not know. Why this movie has not been put forward for end-of-year awards I do not know. Landry Jones (who won Best Actor at the 2021 Cannes Film Festival) and Judy Davis should be raking them in. The subject matter obviously makes it a difficult sell. But it's almost like it was decided beforehand that this movie was dead in the water with respect to capturing a wide American audience.
Australian director Justin Kurzel's understated masterpiece is based on the real-life Port Arthur, Tasmania massacre of 1996 and, more specifically, the disturbed young man Martin Bryant who committed the atrocity. Kurzel does not show the massacre itself, where Bryant shot and killed 35 people at the Tasmanian tourist site with a semi-automatic rifle that he bought legally without a license – the Australian government took immediate steps to enforce new laws on gun control following the incident. What he does, and does superbly, is to show us twentysomething Martin's (an incredible performance by American actor Caleb Landry Jones doing a very credible Australian accent) life and family dynamics in the years leading up to the tragedy.
A "strange" boy from the beginning, he was mercilessly bullied at school, the school kids giving him the nickname "Nitram" (Martin spelled backward); he spends his days either wandering or setting off fireworks, inviting the neighborhood kids to participate! Meanwhile, all the years of taking care of an angry and unstable child have taken an enormous toll on his parents (Judy Davis and Anthony LaPlagia), who are now shadows of their former selves. LaPaglia's dad, a depressed shell of a man, is pushed over the edge when his dream of owning a guesthouse on the ocean is destroyed. The scene when he discovers that the property is no longer his is so appallingly cruel it is almost unwatchable. As for Davis, as the mom who holds the family together, she gives what is probably her most outstanding performance, which means it's one of the greatest performances ever captured on film. Exhausted to her very core, she all but sleepwalks through her days.
Briefly, Martin's luck changes when he meets an older eccentric heiress (a marvelous Essie Davis) who lives in a Grey Gardens-type mansion. It is at an introductory lunch (held eerily at the site of the impending massacre) that Davis (Judy), in a spellbinding speech, tells Davis (Essie) of the first time she realized, the first time she KNEW, that her little boy was different.
Unfortunately, Martin's time with his eccentric benefactor is shot-lived and this, together with his father's escalating depression leads to a downward spiral.
If so, they were wrong. "Nitram" is one of the best films of the year and essential viewing.
Now Streaming on Amazon Prime, Apple TV + and Hulu.
2022 Gotham Awards Winners
"Everything Everywhere All at Once," directed by Daniels won Best Film at the 32nd Annual Gotham Awards. It also took...
The 38th Independent Spirit Awards Nominations.
The Spirits are at their best this year as a showcase for new talent. The Best Breakthrough Performance and Best First...
Here are the winners of the critic groups in New York (NYFCC), Los Angeles (LAFCA), and the National Society of Film...


Country property made up of 2 buildings with trullo, swimming pool and gardens set in 3 acres of land.
The property is situated on a secondary road only 4 km from the delightful tow of Alberobello. It includes a stone house with trullo that has a living room with kitchen, 2 bedrooms, a bathroom and another bedroom on the wooden mezzanine.
Just a few metres away there is the new building on 2 floors with living area and kitchen and a bathroom on the ground floor and 2 bedrooms and a bathroom downstairs.
Both houses have been recently restored and can be purchased with all the furniture.
Ideal for a rental holiday property.
The 2 houses have electricity and there is a water cistern. Air con warm/hot, alarm system with cameras and wifi internet connection.
The property is enclosed by dry stone walls, and includes land with olive trees and fruit trees of about 12,000m2. There is a terrace in front of the old house and terrace with gazebo on the back of the new building.
Communal pool area with solarium and barbecue.


Back at sea and in the English channel, Thank you for having us Le Havre.
We all said Le Havre fairwell on Friday afternoon leaving lovedonce and new made friends behind. Last Tuesday we took out the cargo for France. Some 12 barrels of rum, 5 barrels of mellasse, and coffee. The rest of the week we took time to prepare the ship for sea fix that needed repairs.
Good French food we had every day and not to forget French cheese and bread. Friday afternoon we passed the locks at 1430 and set sail in the harbor with a towboat in front of us and our dingy pushing the stern. Soon enough we were under full sail again heading into the English Channel. At the moment we are tacking against a weak East wind and playing with the currents.
We now coming close to our destination but against the wind this will take unfortunate time.


proves itself in regular product optimisations and new launches.
The wishes and expectations of customers and users play a decisive role in shaping our approach.
they say they will. Just try it out.
ELORA yesterday, today and tomorrow.
The future has a history - the ELORA history.
Das The ELORA quality seal.


Sophie's Duke of Edinburgh Challenge, Diana's grave, Japan's Imperial Couple reduce their workload, Invictus Games, another Royal Visit to Bhutan and new royal baby photos. Why was Queen Elizabeth II cheesed off with the Chinese?
Find out more about Earl Spencer's plans to redesign Diana, Princess of Wales' final resting place in this week's show.
Why are Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko cutting back on official duties?
Speeches from Prince Harry and Michelle Obama at the Invictus Games Orlando's Opening Ceremony.
Prince Harry has a go at playing the didgeridoo with Australian competitor Darren Robinson.
Prince Harry's speech at the closing ceremony of the 2016 Orlando Invictus Games.
We have details of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia's plans to visit Bhutan.
The Swedish Royal Court has also released new photos of Prince Carl Philip, Princess Sofia and Prince Alexander.
Prince Carl Philip, Princess Sofia, Prince Alexander and their dog, Siri.
Visit Thanks from Sweden's Prince Carl Philip and Princess Sofia to see more gorgeous photos.
Why Was Queen Elizabeth II Cheesed off with the Chinese?
We explain the diplomatic headache behind the Chinese State Visit last year.


text:
'We just want the process to be fair': Greene Co. Mayor says the county hasn't received ample vaccines in weeks
GOP candidate for SWVA special senate election to be chosen Thursday
Board of Regents endorses renaming MTSU's Forrest Hall
by: BreannaLyda
Posted: Jun 27, 2016 / 07:16 AM EDT / Updated: Jun 27, 2016 / 07:16 AM EDT
MURFREESBORO, Tenn. (AP) – The Tennessee Board of Regents has endorsed renaming a Middle Tennessee State University building named in honor of Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest in 1958.
The Daily News Journal reports (http://on.dnj.com/28T7Q94) an MTSU task force recommended in April that Forrest Hall be renamed, and MTSU President Sidney McPhee has endorsed the recommendation.
The Regents' Friday vote allows MTSU to petition the Tennessee Historical Commission, which must approve the change by a two-thirds vote.
Previously such a renaming required only a majority vote, but state lawmakers changed that earlier this year. Amid calls to remove public Confederate monuments after the slaying of nine black churchgoers in Charleston, South Carolina, Tennessee lawmakers voted to make such removals more difficult.
The Historical Commission's decision can be appealed in court.
by Anslee Daniel / Jan 19, 2021
GREENEVILLE, Tenn. (WJHL) - Greene County has the second largest population of the counties covered by the Northeast Regional Health Office but has one of the lowest Covid-19 vaccination rates for the region.
"The percentage of the population that's been vaccinated in Washington County is about double what it is here. That's very concerning to me," said Greene Co. Mayor Kevin Morrison. "We understand that there's an extremely limited supply and amount here but it's not being distributed equitably."
by Bianca Marais / Jan 19, 2021
SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA (WJHL) - The 38th Senate Legislative District Republican Committee will host a canvass vote on Thursday for voters to select the GOP candidate for the special election in March to fill the late Sen. Ben Chafin's seat.
"It's a party-run process, and it's how we will determine who the Republican nominee will be," Jack Morgan, 38th Legislative District Chair told News Channel 11's Bianca Marais.
by Slater Teague / Jan 19, 2021
WASHINGTON (WJHL) — The Tennessee National Guard has sent more than 750 soldiers and airmen to Washington D.C. to assist with security during the inauguration of President-elect Joe Biden on Wednesday.
More than 700 soldiers were sent from 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment headquartered in Knoxville, 194th Engineer Brigade headquartered in Jackson, and 230th Sustainment Brigade headquartered in Chattanooga.
'It's time to join 16 other states and make marijuana legal': Northam pushes for legalization, Kilgore to vote against


text:
Financial Mirror (Cyprus)
Real estate, rents continue to rise
2022-09-24 - For a breakdown of movements in Sale and Rental values by district, visit https://www.wire-fs.com/ask-wire-index/.
Across Cyprus in Q2, quarterly property sale values rose 2.9% for apartments, 0.5% for houses and 0.1% for offices, and decreased by 0.3% for retail, and 0.2% for warehouses, according to the Ask WiRE Index.
Holiday apartments and home sale values increased by 2.2% and 0.6%, respectively.
Annually, prices increased by 6.3% for apartments and 2.2% for holiday apartments but decreased by 0.8% for houses, 3.1% for retail, 5.6% for warehouses, 2.4% for offices, and 1.9% for holiday houses.
Larnaca stands out from the districts, as sale values of apartments continued to rise for the fourth quarter in a row (3.1% in Q2 2022).
Every quarter rental values increased by 6.6% for apartments, 5.0% for houses, 0.5% for warehouses, and 1.6% for offices, and remained stable for retail.
As for holiday apartments and houses, rental values increased by 5.7% and 3.7%, respectively.
On an annual basis, rental values increased by 10.9% for apartments, 9.1% for houses, 8.0% for holiday apartments and 6.7% for holiday houses, and decreased by 3.3% for retail, 3.4% for warehouses and 2.6% for offices.
Famagusta stands out from the districts, as rental values of apartments had a significant climb after a year of stability and an increase of 3.4% in Q4 2021 (increased by 7.9% in Q2 2022).
Pavlos Loizou, CEO of Ask WiRE, said, "the influx in population due to in-migration over the first half of 2022, the availability of credit for mortgages, and pent-up demand continues to drive the residential market as investors are looking at ways to generate income".
"In contrast, the changing landscape around office use and the structure of Cyprus' banks (fewer staff, branches), the move to online purchases and the appeal of newly opened shopping malls/ destinations in Nicosia and Larnaca are having a significant impact on the office and retail market.
"The headwinds local households face is slowing demand for mortgages, while overseas demand is picking up.
"We are still away from seeing a return to stability, as the global economy and geopolitics landscape keeps shifting."
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text:
In a still photo taken from a video, James Laurita stands with an elephant at his sanctuary the day before his death.
Photograph by Jason Kurtis
Founder of Elephant Refuge Accidentally Crushed to Death by Elephants
Jim Laurita was found dead in an elephant corral in Hope, Maine.
ByChristine Dell'AmoreNational Geographic
The founder of an elephant sanctuary in Maine was accidentally crushed to death by the animals, according to the Knox County Sheriff's Office.
Jim Laurita, executive director of Hope Elephants, was found unresponsive in a barn in Hope, Maine, this morning by authorities, according to a statement from the Sheriff's Office. Laurita was routinely tending to the elephants when he fell and struck his head on a cement floor.
"The investigation shows that the injuries are consistent, while Dr. Laurita was on the ground from a fall that one of the elephants accidentally stepped on Dr. Laurita causing internal injuries with multiple fractures and ultimately causing asphyxia," the statement said. The death has been ruled accidental.
Laurita, who received his doctorate in veterinary medicine from Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, sold his vet practice in Camden, Maine, in 2011 to focus on establishing Hope Elephants. (Get more elephant news on the Voice for Elephants blog.)
Jim Laurita feeds a carrot to a retired circus elephant in 2012.
The refuge, which houses injured or orphaned animals, is currently home to two elephants, Rosie and Opal.
The organization's website described Laurita's roles as elephant caregiver, enthusiastic educator, and energetic collaborator.
In a statement, the organization said it was "deeply saddened" by the loss of its founder.
"Jim's passion for all animals, but especially elephants, was boundless," the statement said.
"It was Jim's ability [to] share that passion with all around him that not only helped to make our organization a reality, but also enriched and enhanced the lives of all those who had a chance to know Jim."
Follow Christine Dell'Amore on Twitter and Google+.


Listed below are all the estate sales that are currently scheduled for the Green Bay area. You may also be interested in estate sale companies in Green Bay.
Find an estate sale company in Green Bay or fill out our estate sale questionnaire to have the companies contact you.
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text:
package org.apache.activemq.transport.amqp;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.AbstractMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQDestination;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.Binary;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.DescribedType;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.Symbol;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.UnsignedLong;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.transaction.Coordinator;
import org.fusesource.hawtbuf.Buffer;

/**
 * Set of useful methods and definitions used in the AMQP protocol handling
 */
public class AmqpSupport {

   // Identification values used to locating JMS selector types.
   public static final UnsignedLong JMS_SELECTOR_CODE = UnsignedLong.valueOf(0x0000468C00000004L);
   public static final Symbol JMS_SELECTOR_NAME = Symbol.valueOf("apache.org:selector-filter:string");
   public static final Object[] JMS_SELECTOR_FILTER_IDS = new Object[]{JMS_SELECTOR_CODE, JMS_SELECTOR_NAME};
   public static final UnsignedLong NO_LOCAL_CODE = UnsignedLong.valueOf(0x0000468C00000003L);
   public static final Symbol NO_LOCAL_NAME = Symbol.valueOf("apache.org:no-local-filter:list");
   public static final Object[] NO_LOCAL_FILTER_IDS = new Object[]{NO_LOCAL_CODE, NO_LOCAL_NAME};

   // Capabilities used to identify destination type in some requests.
   public static final Symbol TEMP_QUEUE_CAPABILITY = Symbol.valueOf("temporary-queue");
   public static final Symbol TEMP_TOPIC_CAPABILITY = Symbol.valueOf("temporary-topic");

   // Symbols used to announce connection information to remote peer.
   public static final Symbol INVALID_FIELD = Symbol.valueOf("invalid-field");
   public static final Symbol CONTAINER_ID = Symbol.valueOf("container-id");

   // Symbols used to announce connection information to remote peer.
   public static final Symbol ANONYMOUS_RELAY = Symbol.valueOf("ANONYMOUS-RELAY");
   public static final Symbol QUEUE_PREFIX = Symbol.valueOf("queue-prefix");
   public static final Symbol TOPIC_PREFIX = Symbol.valueOf("topic-prefix");
   public static final Symbol CONNECTION_OPEN_FAILED = Symbol.valueOf("amqp:connection-establishment-failed");
   public static final Symbol PRODUCT = Symbol.valueOf("product");
   public static final Symbol VERSION = Symbol.valueOf("version");
   public static final Symbol PLATFORM = Symbol.valueOf("platform");

   // Symbols used in configuration of newly opened links.
   public static final Symbol COPY = Symbol.getSymbol("copy");

   // Lifetime policy symbols
   public static final Symbol LIFETIME_POLICY = Symbol.valueOf("lifetime-policy");

   /**
    * Search for a given Symbol in a given array of Symbol object.
    *
    * @param symbols the set of Symbols to search.
    * @param key     the value to try and find in the Symbol array.
    * @return true if the key is found in the given Symbol array.
    */
   public static boolean contains(Symbol[] symbols, Symbol key) {
      if (symbols == null || symbols.length == 0) {
         return false;
      }

      for (Symbol symbol : symbols) {
         if (symbol.equals(key)) {
            return true;
         }
      }

      return false;
   }

   /**
    * Search for a particular filter using a set of known indentification values
    * in the Map of filters.
    *
    * @param filters   The filters map that should be searched.
    * @param filterIds The aliases for the target filter to be located.
    * @return the filter if found in the mapping or null if not found.
    */
   public static Map.Entry<Symbol, DescribedType> findFilter(Map<Symbol, Object> filters, Object[] filterIds) {

      if (filterIds == null || filterIds.length == 0) {
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid empty Filter Ids array passed: ");
      }

      if (filters == null || filters.isEmpty()) {
         return null;
      }

      for (Map.Entry<Symbol, Object> filter : filters.entrySet()) {
         if (filter.getValue() instanceof DescribedType) {
            DescribedType describedType = ((DescribedType) filter.getValue());
            Object descriptor = describedType.getDescriptor();

            for (Object filterId : filterIds) {
               if (descriptor.equals(filterId)) {
                  return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry<>(filter.getKey(), describedType);
               }
            }
         }
      }

      return null;
   }

   /**
    * Conversion from Java ByteBuffer to a HawtBuf buffer.
    *
    * @param data the ByteBuffer instance to convert.
    * @return a new HawtBuf buffer converted from the given ByteBuffer.
    */
   public static Buffer toBuffer(ByteBuffer data) {
      if (data == null) {
         return null;
      }

      Buffer rc;

      if (data.isDirect()) {
         rc = new Buffer(data.remaining());
         data.get(rc.data);
      }
      else {
         rc = new Buffer(data);
         data.position(data.position() + data.remaining());
      }

      return rc;
   }

   /**
    * Given a long value, convert it to a byte array for marshalling.
    *
    * @param value the value to convert.
    * @return a new byte array that holds the big endian value of the long.
    */
   public static byte[] toBytes(long value) {
      Buffer buffer = new Buffer(8);
      buffer.bigEndianEditor().writeLong(value);
      return buffer.data;
   }

   /**
    * Converts a Binary value to a long assuming that the contained value is
    * stored in Big Endian encoding.
    *
    * @param value the Binary object whose payload is converted to a long.
    * @return a long value constructed from the bytes of the Binary instance.
    */
   public static long toLong(Binary value) {
      Buffer buffer = new Buffer(value.getArray(), value.getArrayOffset(), value.getLength());
      return buffer.bigEndianEditor().readLong();
   }

   /**
    * Given an AMQP endpoint, deduce the appropriate ActiveMQDestination type and create
    * a new instance.  By default if the endpoint address does not carry the standard prefix
    * value then we default to a Queue type destination.  If the endpoint is null or is an
    * AMQP Coordinator type endpoint this method returns null to indicate no destination
    * can be mapped.
    *
    * @param endpoint the AMQP endpoint to construct an ActiveMQDestination from.
    * @return a new ActiveMQDestination that best matches the address of the given endpoint
    * @throws AmqpProtocolException if an error occurs while deducing the destination type.
    */
   public static ActiveMQDestination createDestination(Object endpoint) throws AmqpProtocolException {
      if (endpoint == null) {
         return null;
      }
      else if (endpoint instanceof Coordinator) {
         return null;
      }
      else if (endpoint instanceof org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.messaging.Terminus) {
         org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.messaging.Terminus terminus = (org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.messaging.Terminus) endpoint;
         if (terminus.getAddress() == null || terminus.getAddress().length() == 0) {
            if (terminus instanceof org.apache.qpid.proton.amqp.messaging.Source) {
               throw new AmqpProtocolException("amqp:invalid-field", "source address not set");
            }
            else {
               throw new AmqpProtocolException("amqp:invalid-field", "target address not set");
            }
         }

         return ActiveMQDestination.createDestination(terminus.getAddress(), ActiveMQDestination.QUEUE_TYPE);
      }
      else {
         throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected terminus type: " + endpoint);
      }
   }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Just Joshin': Q&A with chef Josh Smallwood
At just 35 years of age, Josh Smallwood has big apron strings to fill as the Head Chef at one of Noosa's oldest and most revered establishments.
Name: Josh Smallwood
Position: Head Chef
Restaurant: Rickys River Bar & Restaurant, Noosaville
How and why did you decide on a career as a chef?
I started my apprenticeship late. I always liked food but when I walked into a kitchen for the first time, I knew it was for me, I loved the atmosphere.
Where have you previously worked? And what are some of your career highlights?
I did my apprenticeship in Melbourne at Mecca, Grossi Florentino and Interlude. My first head chef job was at the Maribyrnong Boat House. Achieving a Chefs' Hat at Rickys River Bar & Restaurant and being recognised as one of the best regional restaurants in Queensland are proud moments.
What do you love the most about being a chef?
It's never boring, there is always a new challenge.
How would you describe your approach to food?
I like to create a dish around the best produce that is available and hopefully make that shine. No fuss honest food.
Who is your favourite Noosa local producer?
There are so many in Noosa doing great things, local fisherman like Theo Hewish brings us the freshest local fish, it's such a privilege to work with this produce. Fraser Isle Spanner Crab, Suncoast Fresh, Absolute Providores and Mooloolah River Fisheries are also some of our great passionate suppliers.
Do you think it is important to use local produce and why?
It's crazy not to use it. It's some of the best in the country. We want to support and showcase our region.
What has been the most rewarding moment of your career so far?
Taking over as head chef at Rickys River Bar & Restaurant was a big step up for me. It has a great reputation and I believe we have gone from strength to strength over the past few years. Being part of a successful group and contributing in a positive way has been very satisfying.
Who is your inspiration when it comes to culinary creations?
I use everything from other chefs to home cooks, to traditional dishes and modern ingredients, if it looks and tastes good it inspires me.
Do you cook at home and if so, what do you like to cook?
I like to cook stuff I don't cook at work. Asian noodle soups in winter are my favourite.
Who would you love to cook for?
I would love to cook for my daughter Harper, she is my greatest critic. At 4-years-old she can be a bit too honest and I'm still only good at pancakes according to her.
What are the highlights of your latest menu?
Our roasted Mooloolaba prawns with nori and coriander butter, it's so simple but so tasty. Also our new dessert with mandarin sorbet, cheesecake mousse and fennel meringue.
What is your favourite kitchen tool?
A knife.
What is your favourite ingredient?
Prawns.
G'Day to Galeru
Salad by the beach anyone? We LOVE our local Mil
OH BABY! Check out the mums and bubs spread in t


Open to boys & girls aged 5 – 11.
Every half term we run football camps in Liverpool that will give your little ones a week of pure footballing enjoyment.
Skillz Skool half term camps give your little one the chance to learn new skills and meet new friends in fully secure locations with our FA qualified coaching staff.
Prices start at £15 per day or £40 for a full week.


text:
Home History Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps Folk Religion
Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History
The folk religious traditions of blacks in the United States have roots in a number of sources, but it is their African origins that have left the most indelible and distinctive cultural imprint. Of the 400,000 Africans who were held in bondage on the North American mainland during the slave trade, most if not all were influenced by some indigenous philosophical or sacred system for understanding and interpreting the world. Religion for Africans, however, was more a way of life than a system of creeds and doctrines. The African religious experience allowed for meaningful relations between members of the human community and personal interaction with the world of ancestors, spirits, and divinities, who closely guided mortal existence and provided their adherents with explanations and protections within the realm of earthly affairs. African religions, although differing according to their national origins, provided an overall theological perspective in which spirituality was infused into every aspect of life.
In the colonies, Africans came into contact for the first time with the customs and cultures of white Europeans and Native Americans. Although strange and unfamiliar, the perspectives of these groups did share certain aspects, particularly in the realm of beliefs surrounding the supernatural. Both whites and Indians had worldviews that encompassed mythical perceptions of the universe and powers that pervaded human life and nature. Spiritual beings, holy objects, and the workings of the enchanted world were thought to be powerful and efficacious. Evil and misfortune were perceived as personalized agents of affliction.
Such beliefs were expressed, for the most part, in folklore and legend. Africans themselves had corresponding ideas concerning the supernatural that included sacred entities, charms, and places, although it is difficult to disengage these beliefs from their primary religious framework. We can speculate that from their initial periods of contact, blacks, whites, and Indians exchanged and adopted compatible ideas and visions of the world, each group drawing from the cultures of the others.
It was during the colonial era that enslaved Africans were first exposed to Christian missionary activity, although up to the mid-eighteenth century few blacks were actually converted. Evangelical revivalism, exploding among white Americans in the early national period, had a significant impact on blacks. Adopting their own interpretations and understandings of the message of the Christian faith, black preachers and laypersons developed unique and creative styles of religious devotion. It is here that one of the prominent strands of African-American folk religion developed.
African-American religion, however, was characterized by diversity from the start. Scattered references to the activity of "sorcerers," "doctors," and "conjurers" from the 1700s and early 1800s indicate that black religious beliefs were multifaceted. Traditional African spirituality recognized the roles of individuals who were sacred practitioners, diviners, and healers, dynamic intermediaries between the unseen realm of spirits and the world of the living. Although they had been separated from the structures and institutions of their national homelands, African specialists recreated aspects of their religious identities within New World environments. Adapting their native beliefs and practices to the American context, these early black practitioners formed yet another thread in the evolving tapestry of African-American religion.
By the antebellum era, the second generation of blacks born in the United States had developed an indigenous culture. Although the overseas slave trade was declared illegal by 1808, most black Americans in the mid-nineteenth century had some knowledge of or acquaintance with recently arrived or native-born Africans who recalled the traditions and ways of their homeland. To the American-born slaves, these Africans represented the presence and mystery of a powerful sacred past. While some blacks converted to Christianity and a few adhered to Islam, others maintained the beliefs of their forebears through their observance of modified African ceremonies. Accordingly, the religion of slaves consisted of widely differing innovations of traditions and beliefs.
African-American folk religion thus emerged as a composite creation, drawn from scattered elements of older cultural memories and grafted New World traditions that were later passed on from generation to generation. An "invisible institution," the folk Christianity of the slave quarters developed as a religion of the vernacular. As a community, slaves prayed, sang, "shouted," and preached to one another in the manner and styles reminiscent of their African heritage. The emphasis on the verbal medium in performance generated the distinctive vocal traditions that became characteristic of African-American liturgy, including the inventive oral repertory of chanted sermon and song.
Other traditions made real the power and presence of the supernatural in human life. Belief in a variety of mysterious beings, including hags, witches, and ghosts, suggests that for many African Americans the spiritual world was alive and immediate, active with forces ominous and threatening. Sacred folk beliefs were derived from Old and New World sources: local variations of Haitian-derived vodun (see Voodoo), the interpretation of signs, the usage of charms, and the mystical knowledge of conjurers, root workers, and hoodoo practitioners, who tapped supernatural forces for prediction and protection. Although many of these traditions were deeply embedded in black folklore, they reflected viable perspectives on spirituality, the need for control and explanation that leads to religious thought.
Healing, another prominent dimension of African-American folk religion, was practiced by specialists who combined knowledge of traditional remedies with holistic therapy. As in Africa, the onset of sickness was understood by many blacks to have both physical and spiritual implications. Folk religion undergirded African-American faith in skilled practitioners who were able to counteract ailments with herbal and natural medicines, as well as techniques such as prayer. Folk beliefs also offered a theory or explanation for why such afflictions might occur. For example, illness was often thought to be caused by negative spiritual forces. In the early twentieth century, some of these latter impulses would find their way into sectarian Christianity, within groups such as the Holiness Movement, and Pentecostalism, churches that emphasized faith healing and physical wholeness through spiritual power.
With the drastic demographic shifts and movements in black life during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, from South to North and from countryside to city, African-American folk religion took on a broader significance. The "old-time" revivalist traditions of worship in the rural churches would no longer be restricted to the South, as thousands of migrants made their way to northern urban areas. Relocating in search of new prospects and new lives, they brought their local traditions and beliefs with them, establishing new religious institutions within storefronts and homes. Many of these transplanted folk churches recalled features of African religion, especially the emphasis on emotional styles of worship, call and response, spirituals, and Holy Ghost spirit possession.
The folk religion of blacks also lived on in noninstitutionalized forms within urban centers. African-American conjurers, healers, and other specialists underwent a metamorphosis, some reemerging as leaders within the socalled cults and sects of the cities, and others setting up within occult shops and botanicas as spiritual advisers. This vast network of urban practitioners attracted devotees from diverse religious backgrounds, including members of the mainstream Christian denominations, who found in these traditions resolution and assistance for dayto-day concerns.
Although black folk religion continues to be varied and eclectic in its manifestations, it demonstrates a common orientation toward spirituality that is dynamic, experimental, and intensely pragmatic. Characterized by pluralism, folk beliefs fulfill diverse needs and functions that cut across doctrinal barriers and creedal differences. They constitute a way of life that is at the heart of the African-American religious experience.
See also Africanisms; Candomblé; Religion; Santería; Voodoo; Yoruba Religion and Culture in the Americas
Andrews, Dale P. Practical Theology for Black Churches: Bridging Black Theology and African American Folk Religion. Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2002.
Fauset, Arthur Huff. Black Gods of the Metropolis: Negro Cults in the Urban North. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1944.
Hurston, Zora Neale. The Sanctified Church. Berkeley, Calif.: Turtle Island Foundation, 1981.
Levine, Lawrence. Black Culture and Black Consciousness: Afro-American Folk Thought from Slavery to Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Puckett, Newbell Niles. Folk Beliefs of the Southern Negro. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1926.
Raboteau, Albert J. Slave Religion: The Invisible Institution in the Antebellum South. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.
yvonne p. chireau (1996)
Updated by publisher 2005
"Folk Religion." Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History. . Encyclopedia.com. 12 Jul. 2019 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"Folk Religion." Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History. . Encyclopedia.com. (July 12, 2019). https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/folk-religion
"Folk Religion." Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History. . Retrieved July 12, 2019 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/folk-religion


Watch the eyes of family and friends light up when they see you carry this traditional, bone-in ham to the dinner table. It's a skinless, shankless and fully cooked smoked ham. Leisurely smoking over glowing Applewood embers gives this dining room favorite a delicate, sweet-smoky flavor that water-added supermarket hams can't come close to matching.
Ready to warm, slice and serve for a truly delectable, old-fashioned ham dinner. In fact, there's an excellent chance your guests will say they've never tasted a more delicious ham. Not a water-added product.
To Store: Refrigerate immediately. Unopened package will keep for 11 weeks in your refrigerator, or up to 1 year in freezer with no loss of flavor. If you plan to serve at a later date, place in freezer upon receipt. Once opened, use within 1 week.
To Serve: Smoked ham is fully cooked and ready to serve, hot or cold. If netting is present, remove before heating or slicing.
Oven Warming: If you prefer to gently warm, preheat oven to 325°F. Add ham and ¼ cup of water to bottom of pan. Cover and heat approximately 15 minutes per pound, or to internal temperature of 120°F. Do not over heat.
The best cooked Ham with less salt I have ever eaten.
Can't wait to open & eat this beautiful Ham.
we have always bought cooks hamhocks to cook w/beans.this time there was very little meat to be seen, it was most fat. we will not be buying any more-they are not cheap!i want a refund or a coupon to give it another try.i have the label.please get back to me!


To configure Procore-initiated SSO for OneLogin.
Identity Provider Initiated (IdP-initiated) SSO. With this option, your end users must log into your Identity Provider's SSO page (e.g., OneLogin) and then click an icon to log into and open the Procore web application. To configure this solution, see the Steps below.
Service Provider Initiated (SP-initiated) SSO. Referred to as Procore-initiated SSO, this option gives your end users the ability to sign into the Procore Login page and then sends an authorization request to the IdP. Once the IdP authenticates the user's identify, the user is logged into Procore. To configure this solution, see Configure Procore-Initiated SSO.
Go to the OneLogin Help Center and review Getting Started with OneLogin.
Ensure that you have added your Procore users to OneLogin, For step-by-step instructions, see Introduction to Users Management on the OneLogin Help Center.
Important! Your users must also be added to Procore's Company Directory (see Add a Person to the Company Directory or Add a Person to the Project Directory). Each user's email address for Procore must exactly match their email address for OneLogin.
Log in to your organization's OneLogin portal using an account that has been granted Administrator permission.
Choose Apps > Add Apps.
This reveals the Find Applications page.
The Procore app will appear.
This reveals the Configuration page.
Display Name. Verify that the entry reads "Procore".
Visible in Portal. A GREEN checkmark should appear.
Rectangular Icon. The Procore logo should appear.
Square Icon. The Procore icon should appear.
A green banner appears to confirm that the app was successfully added. A row of tabs appears in your apps new page.
In the new app's page, click the SSO tab.
This tab provides you with access to all of OneLogin's SSO Settings. Later, you will add the settings that you copy on this page to Procore's Company Admin tool.
In the X.509 Certificate box, click View Details.
This opens a page showing all the certificate details.
In the top-right corner of the X.509 Certificate box, click Copy to Clipboard.
This copies the X.509 certificate to your web browser's clipboard.
Important! When using the OneLogin website, you might want to paste the items you copy into a Notepad document, to ensure that the Copy to Clipboard command worked as expected. When the copy command is successful, the browser will display a 'Copied' tooltip like the one illustrated below. If the copy command does NOT work in your browser version, simply place your mouse cursor in the text field the copy all the text (e.g., press CTRL+C in Windows or CMD+C on a Mac).
This opens the Format an X509 Certificate page, which is owned by OneLogin.
Paste the X.509 certificate that you copied into the X.509 Cert field, as shown below.
The OneLogin tool automatically formats the certificate in two ways -- with the header or with the string.
Scroll to X.509 Cert in String Format box at the bottom of the page.
Click the Copy to Clipboard icon in the top-right corner of the X.509 Cert In String Format box.
Note: You must login with a user account that has been assigned Procore Administrator permissions.
Paste the certificate in the string format into this field.
Copy the Issuer URL from the SSO tab for the Procore app in OneLogin.
Paste the Issuer URL into this field.
Copy the SAML 2.0 Endpoint (HTTP) from the SSO tab for the Procore app.
Paste the SAML 2.0 Endpoint (HTTP) into this field.
In Procore, scroll to the bottom of the page and click Save Changes.
After your Procore point of contact confirms that the final configuration step is complete, an end user should be able to log into your Okta SSO page (see Log into IdP-Initiated SSO for OneLogin) and then launch the Procore application. To learn how to manage users in OneLogin, read Managing Users on the OneLogin Help Center.


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Home / News / Health
US nursing homes get plastic ponchos and 'useless' cloth masks from FEMA while grappling with PPE shortage
3,213 out of 15,000 nursing homes are reportedly running short of PPEs and have less than a week's supply of masks, gowns, gloves, eye protectors and hand sanitizers
By Rohini Krishnamurthy
Published on : 23:33 PST, Jun 11, 2020
Tags :Coronavirus (Covid-19)
Nursing homes have turned into coronavirus hotspots, exposing just how ill-equipped these facilities are at tackling an outbreak. Three months into the crisis, these centers are still struggling to protect their health workers and vulnerable residents as the federal government is failing them, according to reports.
In May, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) reportedly said that it would send masks, gowns and personal protective equipment (PPE) to nursing homes. And yet, some centers are still awaiting their parcels while others received packages with either flimsy protective gear or missing items. According to NPR, 3,213 out of more than 15,000 nursing homes are reportedly running short of PPEs. These also have less than a week's supply of masks, gowns, gloves, eye protectors and hand sanitizers. What is more, 946 of those centers have had at least one confirmed Covid-19 case since the pandemic emerged.
"The federal government has got to step up," Lori Smetanka, executive director of the National Consumer Voice for Quality Long-Term Care, an advocacy group based in Washington, DC, told NPR. "We're now — what? — three months into this pandemic and these facilities still don't have enough PPE to protect themselves and their residents?" This comes even as President Donald Trump announced that he would send PPE supplies to help the elderly residing in nursing homes. According to data from a federal report, Covid-19 has killed at least 26,000 residents. These vulnerable centers are grappling with poor infection control, aged residents with underlying conditions and staff shortages.
According to data from a federal report, Covid-19 has killed at least 26,000 residents (Getty Images)
As directed by the White House, FEMA was to send two parcels — a two-week supply of PPE — to about 15,000 nursing homes across the country. On the whole, the agency sent more than 11.7M surgical masks, about 53.3M gloves, over 1.2M goggles and other eye protection and nearly 12.9M gowns, as reported by CNN. Despite that, some centers are still awaiting their packages. Others unwrapped parcels containing cloth masks. The United States Department of Health and Human Services does not recommend these face-coverings while treating Covid-19 patients. Workers can wear them while commuting, they said on their website. Additionally, about 711 nursing homes do not have N95 masks — the best mode of protection from the new coronavirus. More than 1,900 facilities are left with only a week's supply.
"Instead of gowns, many received large blue plastic ponchos. It's like putting a trash bag on," Pamela Black, the administrator of Enterprise Estates Nursing Center in Enterprise, Kan, told NPR. "There's no real place for your hands to come out."
Defending the quality of the PPE, FEMA told CNN that their supplies "meets FDA or AAMI (Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation) certification," adding that some have raised concerns. "The AAMI-approved gowns came with instructions from the manufacturers. However, due to concerns from those who received them, the contractor is working on a short instructional video about the proper use of these gowns which will be shared with the nursing homes," a FEMA spokesperson said in a statement. Given the situation, Washington Governor Jay Inslee wrote to Vice President Mike Pence, expressing his concerns over the shortages. "Use the Defense Production Act to increase domestic PPE production necessary to meet current and projected needs for all workers in all sectors," Inslee suggested.


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Dirty Tackle
Arsenal fans add empty beer can pile to Milan's Piazza del Duomo
February 15, 2012, 2:38 p.m.
When visiting a foreign land, it's important to locate their most iconic cathedral and get to work on your day drinking right in front of it. And as seasoned European travelers, Arsenal fans did just that outside Milan's Piazza del Duomo ahead of Wednesday night's Champions League match.
From Football Italia:
This afternoon at around 16.00 local time (15.00 in the UK) the 200 English fans were drinking in Piazza Duomo when there was an exchange of insults with two passing Rossoneri supporters.
According to the Italian news reports, they started chasing the pair into the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele before they were ordered to stop by a plain clothes police officer.
This riled up the Arsenal fans, who began hurling beer cans and glass bottles, leaving debris all over the Piazza.
Riot police were then called in. The clashes that ensued resulted in one Arsenal fan with a minor head injury and another in police custody. And that's how the attempt to build a full-sized beer can duomo ended before it even began.
Curling Canada under fire for limiting eligibility for pregnancy exemptions
Pamela Anderson says she and Kid Rock broke up over her Borat cameo
The actress writes that her ex-husband "stormed out" of a screening of the mockumentary and called her a "whore and worse" in her memoir, Love, Pamela.


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Malware | Threat analysis
EternalPetya – yet another stolen piece in the package?
Posted: June 30, 2017 by Malwarebytes Labs
Since 27th June we've been investigating the outbreak of the new Petya-like malware armed with an infector similar to WannaCry. Since the day one, various contradicting theories started popping up. In this post, we will try to fill this gap, by making a step-by-step comparison of the current kernel and the one on which it is based (Goldeneye Petya).
Since June 27th we have been investigating the outbreak of the new Petya-like malware armed with an infector similar to WannaCry. Since day one, various contradicting theories started popping up. Some believed that this malware is a rip-off of the original Petya, while others think that it is another step in Petya's evolution. However, those were just different opinions and none of them were backed up with enough evidence to hold solid. In this post, we will try to fill this gap by making step-by-step comparisons of the current kernel and the one on which it is based (Goldeneye Petya).
Analyzed sample:
71b6a493388e7d0b40c83ce903bc6b04 – the main DLL
f3471d609077479891218b0f93a77ceb – the low level part (Petya bootloader + kernel) <- the main focus of this analysis
Why is it important to know whether or not the code was recompiled?
Answering this question and collecting enough evidence is crucial for further discussions on attribution. The source code of the original Petya has never been leaked publicly, so in case it was recompiled it proves that the original Petya's author, Janus, is somehow linked to the current outbreak (either this is his work or he has sold the code to another actor).
In this analysis, we hope to identify if this malware could have been recompiled from the original code, or it's just a work of anyone with the appropriate skills to modify the ready-made binary. Doing so would not entirely disprove Janus as the creator, but his involvement becomes less likely.
Anyways, let's take a look at the code.
Looking at the sectors, we can find that the layout of EternalPetya is identical to Goldeneye. Full comparison:
Petya kernel:
Petya Goldeneye: sector 1
Petya Eternal: sector 1
Data sector:
Petya Goldeneye: 32
Petya Eternal: 32
Verification sector:
Original MBR (xored with 7)
Hexadecimal comparison
Comparing both kernels at hexadecimal level, we can see tiny differences at various points. However, there are big portions of code that are identical in both.
The screenshots below show fragments of the (current) EternalPetya on the left, and Goldeneye on the right.
Its interesting that, at some point, the layout of the same strings in the memory was shifted:
As mentioned, the data sector starts in both cases at the same offset. This sector stores the random Salsa20 key and nonce, which are generated per victim, and this is identical in both cases. However, in Goldeneye the victim ID is much longer, which is not surprising taking into the account the fact that in the past it was supposed to be the encrypted backup of the Salsa key, and now it is just an arbitrary string, so it's length doesn't really matter.
The Bootloader
The first thing that struck me as different was the bootloader. Fragment of the hexdump (as before: EternalPetya on the left, and Goldeneye on the right.):
Functionality-wise, it is the same in both cases. It is supposed to read 32 (0x20) sectors from the disk, starting from sector 1, and load them into memory at the address 0x8000. However, the opcodes that are used in both cases to do the same operations are a bit different.
This is the old bootloader, used in Goldeneye:
And this is the bootloader used in the EternalPetya version:
My first impression upon seeing this was that the code was recompiled with different settings, however, another possibility also exists. The total length of the different fragments are the same – so, we cannot exclude the possibility that someone manually edited them inside the pre-compiled binary.
Optimizations – and why it matters
So far we've seen some interesting changes, but they were not enough to prove or disprove whether the code was recompiled. However, the breakthrough in the research may lie in the interesting observation made by David Buchanan.
The Salsa20 Key expansion was modified using a hexeditor, NOT by modifying the source pic.twitter.com/Q06ZEle8k9
— David Buchanan (@David3141593) June 29, 2017
His theory was based on compiler optimization, which ensures that the same character will not need to be loaded into memory twice. We can see this rule applied in examining the code responsible for storing a string in the memory. Inside of Goldeneye's key expansion function, we can find that this kind of optimization absolutely happens – every character is unique, no character is loaded twice:
But in the corresponding fragment of the current kernel, we can find that this rule is broken. The character 'd' repeats and optimization was not applied:
If the same code was generated by a compiler, this fragment would look identical to other repeated characters:
mov al, 'd'
mov [bp+var_B], al
mov [bp+var_3], al
This is a very strong argument against the theory of the code being recompiled. But anyway, let's continue the analysis and see if we can find even more evidence.
Closer look at the changes
In a previous post I presented a fast comparison of the current kernel vs Goldeneye, done with the help of IDA plugin, BinDiff:
We can see that significant modifications have been made only in the functions related to displaying the information screen. Let's check how exactly these changes have been applied.
main_info_screen (offset 0x8426):
Changes of the main_info_screen pointed out by the BinDiff (left: current, right: Goldeneye):
As we can see, the call to a function at 0x008848E was replaced with NOPs (No Operation). This is a common practice used to remove an unwanted function in case of patching compiled binaries. Yet, sometimes it can be also introduced by #Ifdefs. The rest of the code matches the previous version, even using the same offsets. However, the addresses to the displayed strings are different in both binaries.
The unreferenced function is still present in the current binary:
…and called in some other places of code:
Comparison to the Goldeneye's call graph, it lacks one of the references, but the other ones are consistent:
sub_86E0 (offset 0x86E0):
The second change is in another function, that is also a part of the information screen. It is not referenced from any other place in the code:
As we can see, it is called at the beginning of the previously discussed function:
In the Goldeneye kernel, the corresponding function was the one responsible for printing the skull:
The first jump leads to the loop responsible for displaying the skull and waiting for the key to be pressed by the user. Fragment of the code:
Looking inside the EternalPetya code, we are almost sure that this function was patched post-compilation, rather than recompiled. The first jump, that was supposed to lead to the loop leads directly to the function end:
The original code is still in the binary, but it is never referenced (dead code).
Are the patches reversible?
I thought as a finishing touch of this research it would be interesting to reverse the changes and bring the dead code back to life. As an input, I used the dumped code of:
EternalPetya kernel + bootloader (f3471d609077479891218b0f93a77ceb).
My version (reverse patch): (7957520271edf003742db63fc250c231).
Indeed, after applying the patches, we are back to seeing the same blinking screen, only the skull is gone (the corresponding strings has been overwritten):
I think the presented evidence is enough to prove, that the code was not recompiled from the original source (in contrary to what I initially suspected). Thus, the involvement of the original Petya author, Janus, seems unlikely. It seems in this case he was just chosen as a scapegoat by some different actor.
The edits made in the code are well crafted – the person doing them was fluent in assembly and knew exactly what to change and why. Thus, it gave the first impression of very neat and clean modifications, that could possibly be a result of code recompilation. Yet, after doing a deeper analysis, we have identified numerous nuances that show otherwise.
EternalPetya seems to be a patchwork made of code stolen from various sources. In addition to the modified version of the GoldenEye Petya kernel, we can find the leaked NSA exploits from the "Eternal" series as well as legitimate applications, such as PsExec.
It is common practice among unsophisticated actors (script-kiddies) to steal and repurpose someone else's code. However, in this case, the composition was done well by a person or team with good technical knowledge and careful execution. A possible reason for using so many stolen elements, apart from saving actor's time, could have been to throw off any obvious signs of attribution.
There are still many mysteries to solve about this malware which creates many theories that, until proven true, are nothing more than speculation.
EternalPetya and the lost Salsa20 key
This was a guest post written by Hasherezade, an independent researcher and programmer with a strong interest in InfoSec. She loves going in details about malware and sharing threat information with the community. Check her out on Twitter @hasherezade and her personal blog: https://hshrzd.wordp
Jskn says on July 1, 2017 at 5:36 am :
Wow ok so on virustotal the hash you put says not detected by malwarebytes
Hasherezade says on July 1, 2017 at 7:16 am :
It's a misunderstanding. The first hash is the malicious executable – and it IS detected.
The second hash is just a dump of the beginning of the disk infected with Petya (including the malicious kernel).
Cybercrime | Malware
Ryuk ransomware attacks businesses over the holidays
January 8, 2019 - Over the holiday, a little-known ransomware family called Ryuk caused serious damage to numerous organizations. The attacks leave a lot of questions unanswered. What do we know so far?
All this EternalPetya stuff makes me WannaCry
July 6, 2017 - Get more background on the EternalPetya ransomware. Learn about its origin, attribution, decryption, and the methods of infection and propagation.
CONTINUE READING2 Comments
A week in security (Nov 27 – Dec 03)
December 5, 2016 - A compilation of notable security news and blog posts from the 27th of November to the 3rd of December. This week, we touched on Gooligan, attribution, a new WhatsApp phishing campaign, another ransomware, and a one-of-a-kind Apple spam.
101 | How-tos
Attribution Part II: Don't overthink it
November 29, 2016 - In Part II of this three-part series, we take a deeper look into the mistakes one easily makes in terms of cyber attack attribution.
A week in security (Oct 23 – Oct 29)
October 31, 2016 - A compilation of notable security news and blog posts from the 23rd of October to the 29th. This week, we talked about Trick bot, attribution, a WhatsApp scam, and debunked certain hacker stereotypes.


Museum Day Live! is September 28; Recieve free admission to hundreds of museums across the US! | Back to Basics Learning Dynamics, Inc.
Museum Day Live! is September 28; Recieve free admission to hundreds of museums across the US!
On September 28, hundreds of museums across the country will open their doors… free of charge. In the spirit of Smithsonian Museums, who offer free admission every day, Museum Day Live! is an annual event hosted by Smithsonian magazine in which participating museums offer free admission to anyone presenting a Museum Day Live! Ticket.
One ticket per household (good for two people).
If capacity is reached, the museum has the right to limit the number of guests until space becomes available.
To search for a museum by location near you, visit Museum Day Live! venues.
Mark your calendars! September 29 is Museum Day Live. Receive free museum tickets!
Mark your calendars for Museum Day Live! September 26. FREE admission nationwide!
The first day of school for Back to Basics K-12 Private School students is September 4!
Own a piece of history! There's still time to win pieces of the world record breaking LEGO Tower!


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L'OIT est une institution spécialisée des Nations-Unies
A propos de l'OIT
Evénements et réunions
Plan du site | Contact English
> Page d'accueil > Triblex: base de données sur la jurisprudence > Par session > 120e session
Tribunal - Page principale
Triblex: base de données sur la jurisprudence
Par session
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hiérarchique
Jugements du Tribunal administratif de la Société des Nations
par n° de jugement
Recherche avancée dans Triblex: base de données sur la jurisprudence
Judgment No. 3481
Organization: Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA)
Original: Français
Judges: Rouiller, Ba, Frydman
Full judgment text (anglais) - Texte intégral du jugement
1. The impugned decision is set aside.
2. The CTA shall pay the complainant material damages calculated as indicated under 8.
3. It shall pay him 5,000 euros in compensation for moral injury.
4. It shall also pay him costs in the amount of 1,000 euros.
5. All other claims are dismissed, as is the CTA's counterclaim.
The complainant challenges the decision to terminate his contract with immediate effect during his trial period.
Judgment keywords
complaint allowed; decision quashed; due process; probationary period; termination of employment
Considerations 5-6
"[I]t is appropriate to recall that, according to the case law, there is no general principle of law that requires an international organisation to retain a staff member in its service throughout that person's trial period if, before that period expires, the competent authority has come to the final conclusion that the staff member concerned is unsuitable for the post to which he or she was assigned (see, in particular, Judgment 197, first paragraph). [...]
[I]t is trite law that an organisation must give its staff members, especially those undergoing a trial period, guidance, instructions and advice as to the performance of their duties and that it must warn them in specific terms if they are not giving satisfaction and are at risk of dismissal; a staff member whose service is not considered satisfactory is entitled to be informed in a timely manner as to the unsatisfactory aspects of his or her service so that steps can be taken to remedy the situation. Moreover, he or she is entitled to have objectives set in advance so that he or she will know the yardstick by which future performance will be assessed (see Judgment 3128, under 5, and the case law cited therein). These are fundamental aspects of the duty of an international organisation to act in good faith towards its staff members and to respect their dignity (see Judgment 2529, under 15)."
Reference(s)
Jugement(s) TAOIT: 197, 2529, 3128
probationary period
Dernière mise à jour: 03.06.2020 ^ haut
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Home » Posts » Bruce Springsteen Keynote Speaker at SXSW
Bruce Springsteen Keynote Speaker at SXSW
Next year's South by Southwest Music Conference and Festival (SXSW) will be taking place from 9 to 18 March 2012. It was recently announced the renowned singer and musician Bruce Springsteen will be the keynote speaker, addressing the audience on 15 March 2012 from the stage at the Austin Convention Center in Texas.
SXSW consists of three festivals: the Interactive Festival (9 to 13 March 2012), the Film Festival (9 to 17 March 2012), and the Music Festival (13 to 18 March 2012). SXSW was established in 1987 and aims to inspire and educate through various events. The Austin Convention Center is the hub of music activities, including music panels, speeches, interviews and workshops. The music festival boasts 90 stages in downtown Austin, with more than 2,000 acts performing. There is also a Music Gear Expo and Flatstock, which features music related art and posters. The 2012 South by Southwest Music Conference and Festival will be an all-encompassing event, that shouldn't be missed by music enthusiasts.
Organizers of the SXSW event are extremely pleased to have Bruce Springsteen as the keynote speaker, as he has gained worldwide fame through his time-tested recordings. Springsteen, who has just announced that he will be releasing a new album, received his first guitar at the age of thirteen. He released his first album, called "Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J.", in 1973; however, it was only with the release of "Born to Run" in 1975 that he shot to stardom. Since then Bruce Springsteen has sold millions of albums and had many Top Ten singles. Springsteen has been the recipient of numerous Grammy Awards, two Golden Globes, an Emmy, an Academy Award, the 1997 Polar Music Prize, the Critic's Choice Award and others. He has also been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Songwriters Hall of Fame and New Jersey Hall of Fame.
Other members of the music industry to deliver the SXSW keynote speech have included Neil Yong, Johnny Cash, Robert Plant, Quincy Jones, Lucinda Williams, Bob Geldof, Carl Perkins and Smokey Robinson. Springsteen's speech can be watched by Music and Platinum registrants, as well as registered showcasing artists. Visit the SXSW website for more information on registration.
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