Learning how to make bread can feel like a bit of a daunting task. What if it doesn't rise? Will it ever be worth the effort over just buying a nice fresh loaf? In this guide, we'll be giving you some simple recipes from some excellent bakers that are great for beginners. We've included recipes that don't require kneading, ones that you can prove overnight to save time, and even bread you can cook on the hob.
From quick flatbread to dense flavour-packed rye bread, this guide is full of recipes that make it as easy for you as possible for you to start your journey in learning how to make bread.
If you give these recipes a go and still feel like you need a helping hand, our Workshop app lets you learn from expert mentors, guiding you step-by-step from your phone or tablet whilst you bake. You can learn how to make bread at home with Sorted's very own James Currie by your side in his Learn the Basics of Bread workshop.
A classic. This simple American-style white bread recipe might not be the most artisan-inspired, but it's a great practical family bread. This batch makes two loaves, which is perfect for slicing one up and sticking it in the freezer for emergency toast. It's great to offer that friend who prefers a more simple sandwich and isn't so convinced by about seedy bread. You can also halve the ingredients if you'd just like a single loaf.
Prove: the process of resting dough so that it can ferment, which allows it to rise when it's baked.
Mix water, sugar, salt, olive oil and 360g bread flour with a spoon to make a wet mixture. Add 3 packets of yeast and the rest of the flour to make a firm dough. Knead for 6-8 minutes.
Cover with tea towel and prove for an hour in a warm place (until doubled in size).
Preheat oven to 180°C/160°C Fan/350°F/Gas mark 4/ and grease your bread pans, flouring the sides so the bread doesn't stick when it rises.
Squash the dough down and divide into two equal loaves, and let rise until the dough has domed approximately 2.5cm (1 inch) above the pan.
Bake on the middle shelf of the oven for 30 minutes.
Flatbread. It could well be the easiest bread to make. It requires no oven, doesn't have to include yeast, and is very quick and easy to make. Most every culture has a form of flatbread in their historical bread repertoire, so making it at home shouldn't be too ambitious. It might feel a bit out of the ordinary to make bread in a frying pan, but it's a great place to start if you feel more confident on the hob than with trusting the oven to do its thing.
Mix the dry ingredients together in a mixing bowl. Stir in the butter and add most of the water, and form into a dough.
Put back into the mixing bowl, cover with a clean tea towel and let it rest for 45 minutes.
Take a small handful of the dough, roll it into a ball and then roll it out onto a floured worktop. Try to keep it as round as possible.
Fry in a frying pan with a small amount of olive oil on a medium heat, and check underneath to see when the air bubbles are just getting brown, then turn over and cook the other side until it's browned on both sides.
A slightly healthier option. This 50-50 wholemeal-white seeded loaf is blooming with flavour and makes one long loaf. Adding seeds to your loaf not only gives it more texture and flavour, it also makes your sandwiches more Instagram-worthy for when you post about your flashy new baking skills (if you're into that kind of thing).
Weigh out your flour and salt and weigh water at room temperature, and add dry yeast into bowl of dry ingredients (if using fresh yeast, fresh yeast in with water first). Mix the ingredients together and turn it out onto an unfloured worktop.
Knead the dough for about 8 mins. Use a dough scraper (or spatula) to lift the dough from the table when needed.
Dust your worktop with flour, spread the dough out and sprinkle over your seeds. Roll the dough and knead in the 75g of seeds evenly. Shape the dough into a ball dusting it with flour, and put it in your mixing bowl. Cover with a clean tea towel and leave to rest for between 60-90 minutes.
Once your dough has risen, turn it out onto a lightly floured worktop. Flatten it slightly into a circle and pull and fold the top of the dough down to the bottom pressing gently. Twist it 90 degrees and continue doing this about 12 times. Turn your ball of dough face side up, flatten and gently roll into a sausage shape, and place it onto your baking tray. If you get stuck with this bit, you can watch Jack's great demonstration here.
Boil a kettle and slash the top of the bread. Place your loaf in the oven, and fill the tray at the bottom of the oven with approximately 1cm of water. Bake for 35-40 minutes.
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Bagels are an odd one for us Brits. Why is there a hole in it? Is it a savoury doughnut? We just don't know. But we do know that they make pretty good sandwiches, and are great fun to make. Bagels involve boiling on either side before being cooked in the oven, so be ready to get your biggest saucepan out for this recipe. The flavours we've included are some suggestions, but you can choose whichever flavours you'd like, or just have them plain.
Dissolve your yeast in the warm water. Combine the flour, salt, honey and yeasty water in a mixing bowl and knead on a worktop for 5-10 minutes until it's soft.
Prove the dough for an hour in a warm place under a clean tea towel.
Knead in either the cinnamon, sugar, finely chopped chives or seeds (or whatever you fancy — as long as it's not too wet — this will slow down the cooking process). Divide the dough into 12 equal pieces on a floured worktop, and flatten into round disks approximately 2cm deep.
Cut a small hole in the centre with a small cutter and move it around to widen the hole slightly. Prove for an extra 30-45 minutes on a sheet of baking paper on a tray.
Heat a large pan of water to the boil and preheat your oven to 180°C/160°C Fan/350°F/Gas mark 4. Boil the bagels one or two at a time for a minute each side before taking them out and drying on a tea towel.
Place on a baking tray, brush with a beaten egg white for and bake for 25 minutes until golden. Allow to cool before cutting open.
These are English muffins with a little health-conscious twist. If you're obsessed with making sure the bread you eat isn't a gleaming bleached white, then this is one for you to try. This recipe makes a quite wet dough that you'll leave overnight, so you'll need to make sure you've got some reasonably deep cake cutters at hand, or you can use mason jar lids if you've got them. These are another bread cooked on the hob, and they'll need a sprinkle of polenta on either side to give them that classic English muffin texture.
Mix together dry ingredients in mixing bowl. Add the milk, then honey and oil. Stir until combined, and then cover the bowl with a clean tea towel. Refrigerate overnight.
Remove the dough from fridge 2 hours before planning to bake. Dissolve the baking soda in warm water, and add it to the batter stirring to combine. Let the dough rest for 10 minutes.
Meanwhile, heat a heavy based pan (griddle/cast iron skillet) over a medium heat. Spray the pan and inside of the cooking rings with oil and dust the inside of the rings with polenta. Place as many cooking rings as will suitably fit in the pan, and sprinkle polenta inside the rings onto the muffins. Lower the heat to low.
Scoop ⅓ cup of dough into the rings (5 tbsp + 1 tsp) and sprinkle with polenta on top. Cook for 10-12 minutes, checking the bottoms of the muffins to ensure the pan isn't too hot. Flip the muffins and cook for another 10-12 minutes.
When both sides are evenly cooked, place on cooling rack. Allow rings to cool before removing the muffins from the rings, and cool for 20 minutes before splitting open.
This bread definitely wins the award for the brownest brown bread on this list. This no-knead, overnight recipe is vegan, and is really simple and easy to make. All you have to do is mix the ingredients, leave it to prove overnight, give it a little prove in the morning once its in a tin, and shove it in the oven. It'll be quite dense and filling, so it's usually eaten open-faced with a chosen spread on top.
Combine all dry ingredients in a bowl. If using fresh yeast, dissolve it into the water before adding to dry mix.
Add water and syrup/honey into dry mix and stir well (the dough will be quite wet).
Cover the bowl with a clean tea towel (or a chopping board) and leave for 12-15 hours. Once the dough has approximately doubled in size in the morning, place it into your loaf tin lined with baking paper.
Allow the dough to rest for a further 1-2 hours, covering with a clean tea towel. Preheat oven to 200°C/180°C Fan/400°F/Gas mark 6.
Bake for 40-45 mins at centre shelf of the oven (until crust is hard and sounds hollow when tapped). Cool for 30 minutes before removing from pan.
Soda bread is an old Irish tradition, and this particular recipe almost resembles a giant scone. With the addition of raisins, this soda bread recipe isn't entirely traditional, but it is tasty. The no-knead dough for this bread gets activated by the bicarbonate of soda (baking soda for y'all in the States) and baking powder.
Baking powder is slightly different to bicarbonate of soda in that you don't need to mix it with both water and an acidic ingredient to activate it, you only need water. Nerdy baking science summary: this recipe includes both to give it the extra rise it needs, to stop it from tasting funny, and help it go that lovely golden brown.
Preheat oven to 190°C/170°C Fan/375°F/Gas mark 5, and line a baking tray with baking paper.
Mix together your dry ingredients and mix in small chunks of butter. Stir in raisins and buttermilk until evenly distributed.
Lightly flour your worktop, and turn your dough out onto it. Shape into a ball about 15cm wide, tucking in the bottom with your fingers to create a domed top.
Cut a generously deep cross on the top of the dough (about halfway down).
Bake for 30-40 mins (until golden brown and a tap on the bottom sounds hollow).
Share what you've made with us!
We would love to see what you've made from this recipe list, or from any of our workshops, so get sharing away and tag us on Instagram (@workshop.app), Facebook (@learnwithworkshop) and Twitter (@workshop_app) with the hashtag #madewithworkshop. We'd love to start a conversation with you and see what great bakes you've made at home.
If you'd like to learn more about how to make bread at home, we've got Master Italian Breads and Master Indian Breads workshops from the Manna from Devon Cooking School and Indian cookery chef and writer Maunika Gowardhan. In these workshops you'll learn how to make homemade focaccia, ciabatta, naan, chapati and more from the experts in the most struggle-free way possible: with someone guiding you every step of the way.
Download the Workshop app now!
If you'd like to learn more about baking at home, you'll love our new baking newsletter!
The Workshop Bakers' Digest brings you useful information about making and decorating cakes.
By subscribing to the Workshop Bakers' Digest you will receive information about baking, related workshops, and relevant promotions. We'll only send out the newsletter about once a month and you can unsubscribe at any time.


MCALLEN (KFXV) — In federal court, five others were charged for a health care fraud scheme they orchestrated.
According to court documents, 41-year-old, Maria Teresa Paz Garza received a 144-month sentence for committing health care fraud, and aggravated identity theft when she as the owner of Hacienda DME, submitted false claims to the Texas Medicaid System. She, and her co-conspirators defrauded the government out of more than $1 million. They've all been ordered to pay back restitution, as well.


This article is about a baseball league currently in operation. For the independent baseball league that operated between 1936 and 1938, see Carolina League (1936–1938).
The Carolina League is a Minor League Baseball affiliation which operates along the Atlantic Coast of the United States. It is classified as a "Class A-Advanced" league.
The organization that later became the Carolina League formed in 1945, just as World War II was ending, and consisted of only two teams based in southern Virginia. Historically, however, as many as 12 teams in a given year have competed in the Carolina League. Today, the league consists of ten teams in a region stretching from Delaware to South Carolina, and is divided into a Northern Division and a Southern Division.
The league originated in the vicinity of Raleigh, North Carolina, and has since branched out.
A few of the many Carolina League players who have gone on to star in the Major Leagues are: Johnny Bench (Peninsula, 1966), Wade Boggs (Winston-Salem, 1977), Barry Bonds (Prince William, 1985), Rod Carew (Wilson, 1966), Dock Ellis (Kinston, 1965), Dwight Evans (Winston-Salem, 1971), Dwight Gooden (Lynchburg, 1983), Zack Greinke (Wilmington, 2003), Andruw Jones (Durham, 1996), Chipper Jones (Durham, 1992), Willie McCovey (Danville, 1956), Joe Morgan (Durham, 1963), Dave Parker (Salem, 1972), Tony Pérez (Rocky Mount, 1962), Andy Pettitte (Prince William, 1993), Jorge Posada (Prince William, 1993), Darryl Strawberry (Lynchburg, 1981), Bernie Williams (Prince William, 1988), and Carl Yastrzemski (Raleigh, 1959).
Director and screenwriter Ron Shelton's 1988 film Bull Durham, starring Kevin Costner, Tim Robbins, and Susan Sarandon, depicted a fictionalized account of the Durham Bulls, at that time a Carolina League team (they have since become a Class AAA team in the International League). Before he began making films, Shelton had a five-year minor league career in the Baltimore Orioles' organization, which included a stint in the Carolina League.
On August 22, 2016, it was announced that the Carolina League would add two expansion teams for the 2017 season to fill two vacant spots at the High-A level previously occupied by the California League's Bakersfield Blaze and High Desert Mavericks franchises, which ceased operations at the end of the 2016 season. The Down East Wood Ducks will play in Kinston, North Carolina, as an affiliate of the Texas Rangers. The Buies Creek Astros will play in Buies Creek, North Carolina, in 2017 and 2018, until a new stadium in nearby Fayetteville is built for the 2019 season.
(1) ^ Myrtle Beach and Wilmington were declared co-champions when the series was tied 2–2 and canceled because of Hurricane Floyd.
For league awards, go to the league website, click on "History" and then click on "Carolina League Award Winners."
See also: Baseball awards#Carolina League.
All teams that have competed in the Carolina League from its founding in 1945. Teams in bold are currently active.
↑ Glaser, Kyle. "Carolina League To Add Two Franchises In 2017". BaseballAmerica.com. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
↑ Young, Ryan (April 3, 2013). "Pelicans Through the Years". The Sun News. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
↑ "2013 Carolina League Media Guide and Record Book". p. 4.


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Sep 24, 2009 | 21:25 GMT
U.S.: More Revelations in the Zazi Case
Marc Piscotty/Getty Images
Recent documents filed in federal district court in the case of Najibullah Zazi provide a lot of new insight into the scope and maturity of the alleged plot. The new details also allow us to draw parallels to a number of past cases and highlight a number of trends STRATFOR has been following.
The Memorandum Seeking Pre-trial Detention of Najibullah Zazi The Indictment of Najibullah Zazi Stratfor is not responsible for the content of other Web sites. A motion seeking pre-trial detention for Najibullah Zazi was filed in federal district court on Sept. 24 in Brooklyn, by the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York. Zazi, who was arrested with two other men (one of whom was his father) on Sept. 19 and charged in a criminal complaint with making false statements to investigators, was indicted on Sept. 23 on a charge of conspiracy to use one or more improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The detention motion filed on Sept. 24 sought to keep Zazi in government custody pending the outcome of his trial and made two arguments for Zazi's continued detention: one, that as a resident alien with strong ties to Afghanistan and Pakistan, Zazi was a flight risk; and two, as someone who was involved in a conspiracy to manufacture an IED, he was a threat to the public. Zazi's detention hearing is scheduled for Sept. 25. The detention motion is the most detailed account of Zazi's activities the U.S. government has provided to date. The motion repeats previously disclosed information about Zazi's attendance at a jihadist training camp in Pakistan, where he received instruction on manufacturing improvised explosive mixtures and devices from August 2008 through January 2009, and about his efforts to conceal his notes from the bomb-making class by scanning them and sending them to himself via Web e-mail accounts. But the statement also provides additional details pertaining to Zazi's bomb-making notes and outlines some of the actions Zazi took prior to his trip to New York — actions that caused the authorities to have a great deal of concern about his trip. The motion states that Zazi's notes on bomb making contained instructions for manufacturing the improvised explosive mixture tri-acetone tri-peroxide (TATP). TATP is made from easily obtained items — acetone, peroxide and acid — but it is notoriously dangerous to make (Hamas militants nicknamed TATP "the Mother of Satan" because of its volatility and propensity to either severely burn or kill bomb-makers). TATP and other peroxide-based explosives such as HTMD have played a prominent role in several recent jihadist plots, including Richard Reid's December 2001 attempted shoe bombing, the July 7 and July 21, 2005, subway attacks in London, and the 2006 liquid bomb plot. According to the motion, Zazi (and his yet unnamed associates) purchased "unusually large" quantities of acetone and peroxide from beauty supply stores on several occasions in July, August and September. A search of Zazi's computer also showed that he had searched the Internet for information pertaining to acid and peroxide. The motion also states that Zazi checked into a hotel in the Aurora, Colo., area that had a stove in it on Aug. 28 and on Sept. 6-7. A forensic examination of the fan hood on the stove in the room where Zazi stayed tested positive for acetone — an indication that Zazi was attempting to cook TATP in the room. However, the motion also indicates that Zazi was not an experienced bomb maker and that he seems to have had problems finding the proper chemical mixture to manufacture effective TATP. This is not an uncommon problem for novice bomb makers, and we have seen attacks like the July 21, 2005, London attacks fizzle due to bad batches of TATP. The affidavit also noted that on Sept. 6-7, Zazi attempted to communicate with another individual several times to ask about the proper mixture of ingredients to make TATP, with each communication reportedly becoming increasingly urgent in tone. This urgency, and his travel to New York — where Zazi resided prior to his 2008 trip to the jihadist training camp — likely sparked a great deal of concern among the authorities who were watching him. The concern that Zazi had manufactured TATP in Colorado and transported it to New York in his rental car may explain why authorities took the risky step of snatching and searching the car — one of the events that tipped him off to the investigation prior to his arrest. If the facts set out in the motion are true, it would appear that the plot Zazi was involved in was quite serious, and was fairly well along in the planning stages. Because TATP has a short shelf life before it begins to decompose, it is manufactured shortly before it is to be used. Therefore, the target selection, pre-operational surveillance and operational planning were all most likely completed before Zazi began brewing the explosive, which likely explains his panicked calls on Sept. 6-7. It is not clear at this point who conducted the target selection, surveillance and planning for the attack. The government has not yet released a list of targets, but STRATFOR sources have indicated that the plot was directed against the New York subway system, a perennial target for terror plots. The details released so far show that this case seems to have many parallels to past plots. In addition to the parallels to the London July 7 attacks — as far as the use of TATP, the potential targeting of subways using suicide bombs and the fact that Zazi's role and his travel to Pakistan is somewhat reminiscent of July 7 plot leader Mohammed Siddique Khan — the use of a hotel to make improvised explosive mixtures is similar to the actions of Ahmed Ressam during the millennium bomb plot. Also, the travel from Colorado to New York in order to attack the subway system is similar to the case involving Ghazi Ibrahim Abu Mezer, who traveled from Bellingham, Wash., to New York where he was involved in a plot to bomb the New York subway system. It appears that at least some of Zazi's alleged conspirators remain at large and U.S. authorities will be seeking to round them up and charge them (especially in light of the reports that authorities allegedly recovered 14 new black backpacks during a search of an apartment in New York and that some of Zazi's associates had also purchased acetone and peroxide.) According to information in the detention motion, it appears that Zazi was one of a group of men who traveled to Pakistan to attend the jihadist training camp. This travel may be what brought him to the attention of the authorities. The Zazi case highlights several interesting trends that STRATFOR has been following for several years, such as the jihadists' persistence in their efforts to hit the United States, their use of grassroots jihadists rather than professional terrorist operatives and the ability of Western intelligence to penetrate grassroots cells plotting such attacks. We will continue to carefully monitor this case because more interesting details about the plot, and how it was discovered and thwarted, are certain to surface in the coming weeks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Tangra peut désigner :

 Le dieu Tangra, divinité principale dans le tangraïsme ;
 Le groupe de musique Tangra ;
 Un quartier de la ville de Calcutta (Inde) ;
 Une expédition scientifique menée en 2004-2005 sur l'île Livingston (Antarctique) ;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Enjoying pleasant open country views to the rear from its delightful end of cul-de-sac site, this beautiful detached bungalow must be viewed.
Its practical, well proportioned accommodation has been presented throughout to an exacting standard and the recently upgraded kitchen and bathrooms exude an air of quality with interesting and expensive features.
Rarely do bungalows of this standard become available especially in such a prime location and the eventual purchaser will no doubt enjoy a comfortable lifestyle with every modern convenience in this unique "turn key" home.
PVC double glazed door with leaded light inset.
Shelved storage cupboard and cloaks cupboard, ceramic tiled floor.
Attractive cast iron fireplace, polished wood surround, polished granite hearth, cornice and ceiling rose.
Extensive range of modern high and low level units in a traditional style with concealed lighting under, Bosch integrated dishwasher and fridge, integrated wine chiller, built-in Bosch double oven, polished granite work tops with inset four ring ceramic hob, modern extractor hood, granite splash back, under mounted resin 1.5 tub sink unit, recessed LED spotlighting, ceramic tiled floor, LED kick board lighting.
Range of matching units, laminate work surfaces, inset single drainer stainless steel sink unit, mixer taps, LED recessed spotlighting, ceramic tiled floor, plumbed for washing machine, access to garage.
Modern white suite comprising tiled shower cubicle, thermostatically controlled shower unit, suspended vanity unit, mixer taps, low flush wc, fully tiled walls, ceramic tiled floor, recessed LED spotlighting, chrome heated towel rail.
Range of built-in bedroom furniture comprising 2 double robes with cupboards over.
Modern white suite comprising shower bath with glazed screen, Mira electric shower unit, suspended vanity unit, mixer taps, low flush wc, fully tiled walls, ceramic tiled floor, chrome heated towel rail, recessed spotlighting.
Linen press in rear hall.
Roller door, light and power, gas boiler.
End of cul-de-sac site with well maintained gardens to the front, side and rear in lawn with mature shrubs. Paved patio areas.
I am interested in 74 Regency Park, Newtownards. Please contact me about this property.


Handmade by me in asheville NC!
constructed using sterling silver, 14 and 18k yellow gold. Features a natural heliodor crystal from Brazil (NO treatments), four Aquamarine and 4 diamond gemstones. I love the angular feel of this piece!


Firefield By adding stability, the Rival KeyMod Foregrip helps improve your accuracy in a variety of shooting conditions and control of your AR-15. Rival Foregrips are designed with a skeletonized body to be as light as possible, weighing in at just five ounces. The tactical Rival ForegripÂ's ergonomic design is comfortable to grasp and provides a natural grip when using an AR-15. Rivals are crafted out of aluminum, providing a shockproof and durable body.


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Q: Copying string from source printing strange string of characters Im making a lexer and I'm trouble copying a string from my file buffer to the string property of the constructor. Here is the code i'm using to copy a string from the buffer.
    static token_t* lexer_str(lexer_t* lexer) {
    size_t str_len = 0;

    while (true) {
        if (lexer->len < 1) {
            error_new(lexer->errors, lexer->len, lexer->pos, "Unterminated string.");
            return NULL;
        } else if (lexer_look(lexer, 0) == '\"') {
            lexer_adv(lexer, 1);
            break;
        } else {
            lexer_adv(lexer, 1);
            str_len++;
        }
    }

    char* string = malloc(str_len);
    for (size_t idx = 0; idx < str_len; idx++)
        string[idx] = lexer->src[lexer->ptr - str_len + idx];

    token_t* token = token_new(lexer, _str);
    token->string = string;
    return token;
}

And here is the buffer.
"la la la" "me me me"

and here is the output, the string is coming out as "²²²²\"
Type:0 {
        Line:   1
        Pos:    0
        Number: 10715872
        Real:   10715872
        String: ²²²²\
}

Why is this happening? Is it just me reading memory from the wrong place. Any help for how I could correctly copy the string into the token would be appricated.

A: First char* string = malloc(str_len); is too short, and your string is not null terminated after the copy (you copy a buffer given offset and len, the buffer does not contain an ending null char)
change to:
char* string = malloc(str_len+1);  // 1 byte more
for (size_t idx = 0; idx < str_len; idx++)
   string[idx] = lexer->src[lexer->ptr - str_len + idx];
 string[str_len] = '\0';  // don't forget to null-terminate

If the source is, say, empty, then you have a non-null terminated string in string

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Full list of airports in Macedonia includes both the international airports in Macedonia, the largest airports, large airports, and a small civil airports in Macedonia.
The list of airports includes: airport codes in Macedonia (iata codes, icao codes), airport names in Macedonia, the name of the city in which or near which the airport is located.
How many airports in the Macedonia?
To see a full list of airports in the Macedonia, you can look at the list of airports in the country listed in the table above or find out the answer in the next sentence.


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Modules 5 – 10: Network Fundamentals Group Exam Answers Full 100%
Home » CA CyberOps Associate » Modules 5 – 10: Network Fundamentals Group Exam Answers Full 100%
Last Updated on June 14, 2021 by InfraExam
Modules 5 – 10: Network Fundamentals Group Exam Answers Full 100% 2021
CyberOps - Associate 1.0 & 1.01
This Modules 5 - 10
Modules 5 - 10 Exam Answers Online Test
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Modules 11 - 12 Exam Answers Online Test
CyberOps Student Lab Source Files Answers
5.1.5 Lab – Tracing a Route Answers
5.3.7 Lab – Introduction to Wireshark Answers
8.2.8 Lab – Using Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames Answers
9.2.6 Lab – Using Wireshark to Observe the TCP 3-Way Handshake Answers
9.3.8 Lab – Exploring Nmap Answers
10.2.7 Lab – Using Wireshark to Examine a UDP DNS Capture Answers
10.4.3 Lab – Using Wireshark to Examine TCP and UDP Captures Answers
10.6.7 Lab – Using Wireshark to Examine HTTP and HTTPS Traffic Answers
CyberOps Packet Tracer Activity Files Answers
7.2.8 Packet Tracer – Verify IPv4 and IPv6 Addressing Answers
Which statement describes the ping and tracert commands?
Tracert shows each hop, while ping shows a destination reply only.
Tracert uses IP addresses; ping does not.
Both ping and tracert can show results in a graphical display.
Ping shows whether the transmission is successful; tracert does not.
Answers Explanation & Hints:
The ping utility tests end-to-end connectivity between the two hosts. However, if the message does not reach the destination, there is no way to determine where the problem is located. On the other hand, the traceroute utility ( tracert in Windows) traces the route a message takes from its source to the destination. Traceroute displays each hop along the way and the time it takes for the message to get to that network and back.
A large corporation has modified its network to allow users to access network resources from their personal laptops and smart phones. Which networking trend does this describe?
BYOD allows end users to use personal tools to access the corporate network. Allowing this trend can have major impacts on a network, such as security and compatibility with corporate software and devices.
Which networking model is being used when an author uploads one chapter document to a file server of a book publisher?
master-slave
client/server
In the client/server network model, a network device assumes the role of server in order to provide a particular service such as file transfer and storage. In the client/server network model, a dedicated server does not have to be used, but if one is present, the network model being used is the client/server model. In contrast, a peer-to-peer network does not have a dedicated server.
Match each description to its corresponding term. (Not all options are used.)
Modules 5 – 10 Network Fundamentals Group Exam Answers 001
Which type of transmission is used to transmit a single video stream such as a web-based video conference to a select number of users?
An anycast is used with IPv6 transmissions. A unicast is a transmission to a single host destination. A broadcast is a transmission sent to all hosts on a destination network.
What three application layer protocols are part of the TCP/IP protocol suite? (Choose three.)
DNS, DHCP, and FTP are all application layer protocols in the TCP/IP protocol suite. ARP and PPP are network access layer protocols, and NAT is an internet layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Which PDU is processed when a host computer is de-encapsulating a message at the transport layer of the TCP/IP model?
At the transport layer, a host computer will de-encapsulate a segment to reassemble data to an acceptable format by the application layer protocol of the TCP/IP model.
What is done to an IP packet before it is transmitted over the physical medium?
It is tagged with information guaranteeing reliable delivery.
It is segmented into smaller individual pieces.
It is encapsulated into a TCP segment.
It is encapsulated in a Layer 2 frame.
When messages are sent on a network, the encapsulation process works from the top of the OSI or TCP/IP model to the bottom. At each layer of the model, the upper layer information is encapsulated into the data field of the next protocol. For example, before an IP packet can be sent, it is encapsulated in a data link frame at Layer 2 so that it can be sent over the physical medium.
At which OSI layer is a source MAC address added to a PDU during the encapsulation process?
data link layer
application layer
transport layer
Which two functions or operations are performed by the MAC sublayer? (Choose two.)
It is responsible for Media Access Control.
It performs the function of NIC driver software.
It adds a header and trailer to form an OSI Layer 2 PDU.
It handles communication between upper and lower layers.
It adds control information to network protocol layer data.
The MAC sublayer is the lower of the two data link sublayers and is closest to the physical layer. The two primary functions of the MAC sublayer are to encapsulate the data from the upper layer protocols and to control access to the media.
What are the two sizes (minimum and maximum) of an Ethernet frame? (Choose two.)
The minimum Ethernet frame is 64 bytes. The maximum Ethernet frame is 1518 bytes. A network technician must know the minimum and maximum frame size in order to recognize runt and jumbo frames.
Which value, that is contained in an IPv4 header field, is decremented by each router that receives a packet?
Differentiated Services
Header Length
Time-to-Live
When a router receives a packet, the router will decrement the Time-to-Live (TTL) field by one. When the field reaches zero, the receiving router will discard the packet and will send an ICMP Time Exceeded message to the sender.
Which statement describes a feature of the IP protocol?
IP encapsulation is modified based on network media.
IP relies on Layer 2 protocols for transmission error control.
MAC addresses are used during the IP packet encapsulation.
IP relies on upper layer services to handle situations of missing or out-of-order packets.
IP protocol is a connection-less protocol, considered unreliable in terms of end-to-end delivery. It does not provide error control in the cases where receiving packets are out-of-order or in cases of missing packets. It relies on upper layer services, such as TCP, to resolve these issues.
Which field in an IPv4 packet header will typically stay the same during its transmission?
Packet Length
The value in the Destination Address field in an IPv4 header will stay the same during its transmission. The other options might change during its transmission.
What is a basic characteristic of the IP protocol?
connectionless
media dependent
user data segmentation
reliable end-to-end delivery
Internet Protocol (IP) is a network layer protocol that does not require initial exchange of control information to establish an end-to-end connection before packets are forwarded. Thus, IP is connectionless and does not provide reliable end-to-end delivery by itself. IP is media independent. User data segmentation is a service provided at the transport layer.
Which two parts are components of an IPv4 address? (Choose two.)
subnet portion
network portion
logical portion
host portion
physical portion
broadcast portion
An IPv4 address is divided into two parts: a network portion – to identify the specific network on which a host resides, and a host portion – to identify specific hosts on a network. A subnet mask is used to identify the length of each portion.
How many host addresses are available on the 192.168.10.128/26 network?
A /26 prefix gives 6 host bits, which provides a total of 64 addresses, because 2 6 = 64. Subtracting the network and broadcast addresses leaves 62 usable host addresses.
Match each IPv4 address to the appropriate address category. (Not all options are used.)
To determine whether a given IPv4 address is a network, host, or broadcast address, first determine the address space based on the subnet mask. Convert the address and mask to binary values, then perform the ANDing function to determine the network address. To calculate the of the address space, use the number of host bits in the subnet mask as an exponent of 2. The number of valid host addresses in the space is that number minus 2. The network address will have all zeroes in the host portion, and the broadcast address will have all ones. For example, 10.0.50.10/30 yields a network IP address of 10.0.50.8 when the mask is ANDed with the given address. Because there are only 2 host bits in the mask, there are only 2 valid host addresses (4-2). 10.0.50.10 is one of the two valid host IP addresses.
What are the three ranges of IP addresses that are reserved for internal private use? (Choose three.)
10.0.0.0/8
64.100.0.0/14
127.16.0.0/12
The private IP address blocks that are used inside companies are as follows:10.0.0.0 /8 (any address that starts with 10 in the first octet)
172.16.0.0 /12 (any address that starts with 172.16 in the first two octets through 172.31.255.255)
192.168.0.0 /16 (any address that starts with 192.168 in the first two octets)
An employee complains that a Windows PC cannot connect to the Internet. A network technician issues the ipconfig command on the PC and is shown an IP address of 169.254.10.3. Which two conclusions can be drawn? (Choose two.)
The PC cannot contact a DHCP server.
The DNS server address is misconfigured.
The default gateway address is not configured.
The PC is configured to obtain an IP address automatically.
The enterprise network is misconfigured for dynamic routing.
When a Windows PC is configured to obtain an IP address automatically, the PC will try to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. When the PC cannot contact a DHCP server, Windows will automatically assign an address belonging to the 169.254.0.0/16 range.
When a wireless network in a small office is being set up, which type of IP addressing is typically used on the networked devices?
In setting up the wireless network in a small office, it is a best practice to use private IP addressing because of the flexibility and easy management it offers.
Which process failed if a computer cannot access the internet and received an IP address of 169.254.142.5?
When a Windows computer cannot communicate with an IPv4 DHCP server, the computer automatically assigns itself an IP address in the169.254.0.0/16 range. Linux and Apple computers do not automatically assign an IP address.
A computer can access devices on the same network but cannot access devices on other networks. What is the probable cause of this problem?
The cable is not connected properly to the NIC.
The computer has an invalid IP address.
The computer has an incorrect subnet mask.
The computer has an invalid default gateway address.
The default gateway is the address of the device a host uses to access the Internet or another network. If the default gateway is missing or incorrect, that host will not be able to communicate outside the local network. Because the host can access other hosts on the local network, the network cable and the other parts of the IP configuration are working.
Which two commands can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table? (Choose two.)
netstat -s
route print
show ip route
netstat -r
On a Windows host, the route print or netstat -r commands can be used to display the host routing table. Both commands generate the same output. On a router, the show ip route command is used to display the routing table. The netstat –s command is used to display per-protocol statistics. The tracert command is used to display the path that a packet travels to its destination.
A device has been assigned the IPv6 address of 2001:0db8:cafe:4500:1000:00d8:0058:00ab/64. Which is the host identifier of the device?
2001:0db8:cafe:4500:1000:00d8:0058:00ab
2001:0db8:cafe:4500
1000:00d8:0058:00ab
The address has a prefix length of /64. Thus the first 64 bits represent the network portion, whereas the last 64 bits represent the host portion of the IPv6 address.
What is the full decompressed form of the IPv6 address 2001:420:59:0:1::a/64?
2001:420:59:0:1:0:0:a
2001:0420:0059:0000:0001:0000:0000:000a
2001:4200:5900:0000:1000:0000:0000:a000
2001:4200:5900:0:1:0:0:a000
2001:0420:0059:0000:0001:000a
2001:0420:0059:0000:0001:0000:000a
To decompress an IPv6 address, the two rules of compression must be reversed. Any 16-bit hextet that has less than four hex characters is missing the leading zeros that were removed. An IPv6 address should have a total of 8 groups of 16-bit hextets, a (::) can be replaced with consecutive zeros that were removed.
Which two ICMP messages are used by both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols? (Choose two.)
router solicitation
route redirection
neighbor solicitation
protocol unreachable
router advertisement
The ICMP messages common to both ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 include: host confirmation, destination (net, host, protocol, port) or service unreachable, time exceeded, and route redirection. Router solicitation, neighbor solicitation, and router advertisement are new protocols implemented in ICMPv6.
What is the purpose of ICMP messages?
to inform routers about network topology changes
to ensure the delivery of an IP packet
to provide feedback of IP packet transmissions
to monitor the process of a domain name to IP address resolution
The purpose of ICMP messages is to provide feedback about issues that are related to the processing of IP packets.
What mechanism is used by a router to prevent a received IPv4 packet from traveling endlessly on a network?
It checks the value of the TTL field and if it is 0, it discards the packet and sends a Destination Unreachable message to the source host.
It checks the value of the TTL field and if it is 100, it discards the packet and sends a Destination Unreachable message to the source host.
It decrements the value of the TTL field by 1 and if the result is 0, it discards the packet and sends a Time Exceeded message to the source host.
It increments the value of the TTL field by 1 and if the result is 100, it discards the packet and sends a Parameter Problem message to the source host.
To prevent an IPv4 packet to travel in the network endlessly, TCP/IP protocols use ICMPv4 protocol to provide feedback about issues. When a router receives a packet and decrements the TTL field in the IPv4 packet by 1 and if the result is zero, it discards the packet and sends a Time Exceeded message to the source host.
What message informs IPv6 enabled interfaces to use stateful DHCPv6 for obtaining an IPv6 address?
the ICMPv6 Router Advertisement
the ICMPv6 Router Solicitation
the DHCPv6 Reply message
the DHCPv6 Advertise message
Before an IPv6 enabled interface will use stateful DHCPv6 to obtain an IPv6 address, the interface must receive an ICMPv6 Router Advertisement with the managed configuration flag (M flag) set to 1.
Which method would an IPv6-enabled host using SLAAC employ to learn the address of the default gateway?
router advertisement messages received from the link router
neighbor solicitation messages sent to link neighbors
neighbor advertisement messages received from link neighbors
router solicitation messages received from the link router
When using SLAAC, a host will learn from the router advertisement that is sent by the link router the address to use as a default gateway.
A user issues a ping 192.168.250.103 command and receives a response that includes a code of 1 . What does this code represent?
host unreachable
port unreachable
network unreachable
When a host or gateway receives a packet that it cannot deliver, it can use an ICMP Destination Unreachable message to notify the source that the destination or service is unreachable. The message will include a code that indicates why the packet could not be delivered. These are some of the Destination Unreachable codes for ICMPv4:
0 : net unreachable
1 : host unreachable
2 : protocol unreachable
3 : port unreachable
A user issues a ping 2001:db8:FACE:39::10 command and receives a response that includes a code of 2 . What does this code represent?
What is a function of the tracert command that differs from the ping command when they are used on a workstation?
The tracert command reaches the destination faster.
The tracert command shows the information of routers in the path.
The tracert command sends one ICMP message to each hop in the path.
The tracert command is used to test the connectivity between two devices.
The tracert command sends three pings to each hop (router) in the path toward the destination and displays the domain name and IP address of hops from their responses. Because tracert uses the ping command, the travel time is the same as a standalone ping command. The primary function of a standalone ping command is to test the connectivity between two hosts.
Refer to the exhibit. This PC is unable to communicate with the host at 172.16.0.100. What information can be gathered from the displayed output?
Modules 5 – 10 Network Fundamentals Group Exam Answers 03
The target host is turned off.
172.16.0.100 is only a single hop away.
This PC has the wrong subnet configured on its NIC.
The communication fails after the default gateway.
The tracert command shows the path a packet takes through the network to the destination. In this example, only a response from the first router in the path is received, and all other responses time out. The first router is the default gateway for this host, and because a response is received from the router, it can be assumed that this host is on the same subnet as the router.
A user is executing a tracert to a remote device. At what point would a router, which is in the path to the destination device, stop forwarding the packet?
when the router receives an ICMP Time Exceeded message
when the RTT value reaches zero
when the host responds with an ICMP Echo Reply message
when the value in the TTL field reaches zero
when the values of both the Echo Request and Echo Reply messages reach zero
When a router receives a traceroute packet, the value in the TTL field is decremented by 1. When the value in the field reaches zero, the receiving router will not forward the packet, and will send an ICMP Time Exceeded message back to the source.
A user who is unable to connect to the file server contacts the help desk. The helpdesk technician asks the user to ping the IP address of the default gateway that is configured on the workstation. What is the purpose for this ping command?
to obtain a dynamic IP address from the server
to request that gateway forward the connection request to the file server
to test that the host has the capability to reach hosts on other networks
to resolve the domain name of the file server to its IP address
The ping command is used to test connectivity between hosts. The other options describe tasks not performed by ping . Pinging the default gateway will test whether the host has the capability to reach hosts on its own network and on other networks.
A network administrator is testing network connectivity by issuing the ping command on a router. Which symbol will be displayed to indicate that a time expired during the wait for an ICMP echo reply message?
When the ping command is issued on a router, the most common indicators are as follows: ! – indicates receipt of an ICMP echo reply message
. – indicates a time expired while waiting for an ICMP echo reply message
U – an ICMP message of unreachability was received
A user sends an HTTP request to a web server on a remote network. During encapsulation for this request, what information is added to the address field of a frame to indicate the destination?
the MAC address of the destination host
the network domain of the destination host
the MAC address of the default gateway
the IP address of the default gateway
A frame is encapsulated with source and destination MAC addresses. The source device will not know the MAC address of the remote host. An ARP request will be sent by the source and will be responded to by the router. The router will respond with the MAC address of its interface, the one which is connected to the same network as the source.
Refer to the exhibit. PC1 attempts to connect to File_server1 and sends an ARP request to obtain a destination MAC address. Which MAC address will PC1 receive in the ARP reply?
the MAC address of S1
the MAC address of the G0/0 interface on R1
the MAC address of File_server1
PC1 must have a MAC address to use as a destination Layer 2 address. PC1 will send an ARP request as a broadcast and R1 will send back an ARP reply with its G0/0 interface MAC address. PC1 can then forward the packet to the MAC address of the default gateway, R1.
Refer to the exhibit. PC1 issues an ARP request because it needs to send a packet to PC3. In this scenario, what will happen next?
RT1 will forward the ARP request to PC3.
RT1 will send an ARP reply with its own Fa0/0 MAC address.
RT1 will send an ARP reply with the PC3 MAC address.
SW1 will send an ARP reply with its Fa0/1 MAC address.
When a network device has to communicate with a device on another network, it broadcasts an ARP request asking for the default gateway MAC address. The default gateway (RT1) unicasts an ARP reply with the Fa0/0 MAC address.
What addresses are mapped by ARP?
destination MAC address to a destination IPv4 address
destination IPv4 address to the source MAC address
destination IPv4 address to the destination host name
destination MAC address to the source IPv4 address
ARP, or the Address Resolution Protocol, works by mapping a destination MAC address to a destination IPv4 address. The host knows the destination IPv4 address and uses ARP to resolve the corresponding destination MAC address.
What type of information is contained in an ARP table?
switch ports associated with destination MAC addresses
domain name to IP address mappings
routes to reach destination networks
IP address to MAC address mappings
ARP tables are used to store mappings of IP addresses to MAC addresses. When a network device needs to forward a packet, the device knows only the IP address. To deliver the packet on an Ethernet network, a MAC address is needed. ARP resolves the MAC address and stores it in an ARP table.
A cybersecurity analyst believes an attacker is spoofing the MAC address of the default gateway to perform a man-in-the-middle attack. Which command should the analyst use to view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway?
ipconfig /all
arp -a
ARP is a protocol used with IPv4 to map a MAC address to an associated specific IP address. The command arp -a will display the MAC address table on a Windows PC.
What is the result of an ARP poisoning attack?
Client information is stolen.
Client memory buffers are overwhelmed.
Network clients experience a denial of service.
Network clients are infected with a virus.
ARP poisoning is a technique used by an attacker to reply to an ARP request for an IPv4 address belonging to another device, such as the default gateway. The attacker, who is effectively doing an MITM attack, pretends to be the default gateway and sends an ARP reply to the transmitter of the ARP request. The receiver of the ARP reply will add the wrong MAC address to the ARP table and will send the packets to the attacker. Therefore, all traffic to the default gateway will funnel through the attacker device.
Match the characteristic to the protocol category. (Not all options are used.)
TCP uses 3-way handshaking as part of being able to provide reliable communication and window size to provide data flow control. UDP is a connectionless protocol that is great for video conferencing. Both TCP and UDP have port numbers to distinguish between applications and application windows and a checksum field for error detection.
What are three responsibilities of the transport layer? (Choose three.)
meeting the reliability requirements of applications, if any
multiplexing multiple communication streams from many users or applications on the same network
identifying the applications and services on the client and server that should handle transmitted data
directing packets towards the destination network
formatting data into a compatible form for receipt by the destination devices
conducting error detection of the contents in frames
The transport layer has several responsibilities. Some of the primary responsibilities include the following:
Tracking the individual communication streams between applications on the source and destination hosts
Segmenting data at the source and reassembling the data at the destination
Identifying the proper application for each communication stream through the use of port numbers
Multiplexing the communications of multiple users or applications over a single network
Managing the reliability requirements of applications
Which two operations are provided by TCP but not by UDP? (Choose two.)
identifying the applications
acknowledging received data
tracking individual conversations
retransmitting any unacknowledged data
reconstructing data in the order received
Numbering and tracking data segments, acknowledging received data, and retransmitting any unacknowledged data are reliability operations to ensure that all of the data arrives at the destination. UDP does not provide reliability. Both TCP and UDP identify the applications and track individual conversations. UDP does not number data segments and reconstructs data in the order that it is received.
A PC is downloading a large file from a server. The TCP window is 1000 bytes. The server is sending the file using 100-byte segments. How many segments will the server send before it requires an acknowledgment from the PC?
1 segment
10 segments
100 segments
1000 segments
With a window of 1000 bytes, the destination host accepts segments until all 1000 bytes of data have been received. Then the destination host sends an acknowledgment.
Refer to the exhibit. A network security analyst is examining captured data using Wireshark. The captured frames indicate that a host is downloading malware from a server. Which source port is used by the host to request the download?
During the TCP three-way handshake process, the output shows that the host uses source port 48598 to initiate the connection and request the download.
Match the application protocols to the correct transport protocols.
How does network scanning help assess operations security?
It can log abnormal activity.
It can detect weak or blank passwords.
It can detect open TCP ports on network systems.
It can simulate attacks from malicious sources.
Network scanning can help a network administrator strengthen the security of the network and systems by identifying open TCP and UDP ports that could be targets of an attack.
A host PC is attempting to lease an address through DHCP. What message is sent by the server to let the client know it is able to use the provided IP information?
DHCPDISCOVER
DHCPOFFER
DHCPREQUEST
DHCPACK
DHCPNACK
When a host uses DHCP to automatically configure an IP address, the typically sends two messages: the DHCPDISCOVER message and the DHCPREQUEST message. These two messages are usually sent as broadcasts to ensure that all DHCP servers receive them. The servers respond to these messages using DHCPOFFER, DHCPACK, and DHCPNACK messages, depending on the circumstance.
What action does a DHCPv4 client take if it receives more than one DHCPOFFER from multiple DHCP servers?
It discards both offers and sends a new DHCPDISCOVER.
It sends a DHCPREQUEST that identifies which lease offer the client is accepting.
It sends a DHCPNAK and begins the DHCP process over again.
It accepts both DHCPOFFER messages and sends a DHCPACK.
If there are multiple DHCP servers in a network, it is possible for a client to receive more than one DHCPOFFER. In this scenario, the client will only send one DHCPREQUEST, which includes the server from which the client is accepting the offer.
How is a DHCPDISCOVER transmitted on a network to reach a DHCP server?
A DHCPDISCOVER message is sent with the IP address of the DHCP server as the destination address.
A DHCPDISCOVER message is sent with a multicast IP address that all DHCP servers listen to as the destination address.
A DHCPDISCOVER message is sent with the broadcast IP address as the destination address.
A DHCPDISCOVER message is sent with the IP address of the default gateway as the destination address.
The DHCPDISCOVER message is sent by a DHCPv4 client and targets a broadcast IP along with the destination port 67. The DHCPv4 server or servers respond to the DHCPv4 clients by targeting port 68.
What type of information is contained in a DNS MX record?
the FQDN of the alias used to identify a service
the IP address for an FQDN entry
the domain name mapped to mail exchange servers
the IP address of an authoritative name server
MX, or mail exchange messages, are used to map a domain name to several mail exchange servers that all belong to the same domain.
What is a description of a DNS zone transfer?
forwarding a request from a DNS server in a subdomain to an authoritative source
the action taken when a DNS server sends a query on behalf of a DNS resolver
transferring blocks of DNS data from a DNS server to another server
finding an address match and transferring the numbered address from a DNS server to the original requesting client
When a server requires data for a zone, it will request a transfer of that data from an authoritative server for that zone. The process of transferring blocks of DNS data between servers is known as a zone transfer.
What network service uses the WHOIS protocol?
WHOIS is a TCP-based protocol that is used to identify the owners of internet domains through the DNS system.
A user gets an IP address of 192.168.0.1 from the company network administrator. A friend of the user at a different company gets the same IP address on another PC. How can two PCs use the same IP address and still reach the Internet, send and receive email, and search the web?
Both users must be using the same Internet Service Provider.
ISPs use Network Address Translation to change a user IP address into an address that can be used on the Internet.
ISPs use Domain Name Service to change a user IP address into a public IP address that can be used on the Internet.
Both users must be on the same network.
As user traffic from behind an ISP firewall reaches the gateway device, Network Address Translation changes private IP addresses into a public, routable IP address. Private user addresses remain hidden from the public Internet, and thus more than one user can have the same private IP address, regardless of ISP.
Refer to the exhibit. From the perspective of users behind the NAT router, what type of NAT address is 209.165.201.1?
outside global
outside local
inside local
inside global
From the perspective of users behind NAT, inside global addresses are used by external users to reach internal hosts. Inside local addresses are the addresses assigned to internal hosts. Outside global addresses are the addresses of destinations on the external network. Outside local addresses are the actual private addresses of destination hosts behind other NAT devices.
Refer to the exhibit. A cybersecurity analyst is viewing captured packets forwarded on switch S1. Which device has the MAC address 50:6a:03:96:71:22?
router DG
router ISP
DSN server
PC-A
The Wireshark capture is of a DNS query from PC-A to the DNS server. Because the DNS server is on a remote network, the PC will send the query to the default gateway router, router DG, using the MAC address of the router G0/0 interface on the router.
Match each statement about FTP communications to the connection it describes. (Not all options are used.)
Both connections that are required for FTP operations are established from the client to the FTP server. The client first opens a control connection via TCP port 21. The client then opens a data connection for the actual file transfer via TCP port 20.
Which protocol is a client/server file sharing protocol and also a request/response protocol?
The Server Message Block (SMB) is a client/server file sharing protocol that describes the structure of shared network resources such as directories, files, printers, and serial ports. SMB is also a request/response protocol.
A technician is configuring email on a mobile device. The user wants to be able to keep the original email on the server, organize it into folders, and synchronize the folders between the mobile device and the server. Which email protocol should the technician use?
The IMAP protocol allows email data to be synchronized between a client and server. Changes made in one location, such as marking an email as read, are automatically applied to the other location. POP3 is also an email protocol. However, the data is not synchronized between the client and the server. SMTP is used for sending email, and is typically used in conjunction with the POP3 protocol. MIME is an email standard that is used to define attachment types, and allows extra content like pictures and documents to be attached to email messages.
Match each characteristic to the appropriate email protocol. (Not all options are used.)
Both POP and IMAP are used to retrieve email messages. SMTP is the default protocol used to send email. However, POP does not store messages and automatically deletes them as they are downloaded. A large business or ISP would prefer this, not a small business. It is the responsibility of the client to store and organize messages. IMAP requires a centralized backup because it stores all messages until they are manually deleted. This means that more disk space must be allocated to IMAP.
What is the function of the HTTP GET message?
to request an HTML page from a web server
to send error information from a web server to a web client
to upload content to a web server from a web client
to retrieve client email from an email server using TCP port 110
There are three common HTTP message types:
GET – used by clients to request data from the web server
POST – used by clients to upload data to a web server
PUT – used by clients to upload data to a web server
Match the HTTP status code group to the type of message generated by the HTTP server.


It is the predella of the altarpiece above. Two of the five panels are copies, since the originals (Saint Francis receives the Stigmata and Saints Cosma and Damian heal an invalid) are now in Paris. At the Uffizi since 1919.


text:
All categoriesAffairsBusinessCultureDesignEdits
Tjibaou Cultural Centre, which was built to celebrate Kanak traditions
Philippe Gomès, leader of Calédonie Ensemble
Central Nouméa, the 'Paris of the Pacific'
Tjibaou Cultural Centre
Emmanuel Tjibaou
Offices of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front
Waterfront in Nouméa
Bianca Henin, New Caledonian representative of Marine Le Pen's National Front
Swimming at sunset
Le Calvaire du Faubourg Blanchot, erected by colonial missionaries
As New Caledonians get ready for a referendum that will decide their relationship with France, not all of the Pacific archipelago's inhabitants are on the same page.
French territory, New caledonia, Referendum
p.47 - 51
Derek Henderson
Tom Ross
Philippe Gomès adjusts his frameless glasses as he leans back on the couch in his office. The leader of Calédonie Ensemble, one of New Caledonia's most influential political parties, looks surprisingly relaxed considering the circumstances: he is in the midst of a fierce battle. It centres on a question that has rumbled on here for many decades: should New Caledonia break with France to become an independent nation? The issue was responsible for bringing this Pacific archipelago to the brink of civil war in the 1980s and has been the source of social division ever since. Now an opportunity for resolution has arrived as a long-scheduled referendum is due to take place in November. "It has been a long time coming," says Gomès, whose party opposes independence. "Now it is time for the people to speak."
The office that Gomès occupies in the capital, Nouméa, sits near a busy waterfront teeming with yachts and tourists. The view of the surrounding neighbourhood justifies the city's reputation as "the Paris of the Pacific": palm trees sway next to a modern market building filled with fish, while men in flower-print shirts buzz past in Citroën hatchbacks. A tricolore flag flutters at the building's front. "Being French is very important to how we live together here," says Gomès. "It links us."
Amid the area's beauty, however, are hints of the deep problems dogging New Caledonia. Down the street a restaurant packed with white customers is staffed almost entirely by young Melanesian waiters. They are members of New Caledonia's indigenous people, the Kanaks, who make up 40 per cent of the population.
The issue of racial inequality is a vexed one throughout the archipelago and plays a central role in the referendum debate. On average, Kanaks earn four times less than white people and have a lower life expectancy. While some have climbed to the upper echelons of business and government, there are still many who feel left behind. Apart from economic woes, those resentments tap into deeper frustrations about a lack of cultural recognition and the historical injustices of colonisation.
France's control of New Caledonia dates back to 1853, when Napoleon III decided to annex the islands and turn them into a penal colony. Over the subsequent decades the Kanaks were driven from their land, exploited for their labour and, in many cases, confined to reserves. The islands remained tightly governed by Paris until the 20th century; in 1957, a local governing council with limited powers was established. Decades of lobbying for more autonomy eventually saw the system change to a 54-seat congress that operates in conjunction with a collegiate government. New Caledonians also have representation in the French senate and national assembly and are able to vote in the French presidential elections.
Still, most Kanak leaders remain unsatisfied with the state of the power hierarchy. To them the only true path to cultural emancipation is a clean break from Paris. "For us to get back independence is to get back our dignity," says Victor Tutugoro, the second vice-president of New Caledonia's northern province assembly. "We just want to live together and not have France have any authority over our everyday lives."
The upcoming vote's result, however, is far from certain. Standing in opposition to the independence movement is the majority of New Caledonia's European descendants. Gomès is their most outspoken leader. "It is very natural to want independence because most of the other Pacific countries have asked for it and got it," he says. "But actually they can still be autonomous and have some sovereignty within the French Republic. It is better for everyone because then we will all have security, both economic and military."
The rules governing the referendum can be traced back to a violent period that locals refer to as "the events". During the 1980s, tensions surrounding the archipelago's independence debate reached boiling point. The climax came when a group of Kanak militants captured 27 policemen and held them in a cave for nearly two weeks. France sent an elite group of commandos, who killed 19 of the hostage takers. The fallout from the violence led to an agreement called the Matignon Accords that, among other things, stipulated that a referendum would be held in 1998. Less than a year later the Kanak leader at the forefront of the reconciliation process, Jean-Marie Tjibaou, was assassinated by a fellow separatist who saw the agreement as a betrayal. Jean-Marie's son, Emmanuel, who was 13 at the time, recalls the day vividly. "I was watching TV when the phone rang," he says. "When my mother said we had to go to Nouméa and bring a good shirt and nice trousers, I understood he had died."
Since his father's death, Emmanuel has been careful about his involvement in the independence cause. But he is still deeply invested in improving the standing of Kanaks in New Caledonia's society. He's the director of one of the islands' most famous museums: the Tjibaou Cultural Centre. Named after his father, the building exists to celebrate Kanak customs and traditions. The French government paid for the facility in the mid-1990s as a gesture of peace. They commissioned Italian architect Renzo Piano, who created a chain of 10 shell structures, taking inspiration from traditional Kanak huts.
The Tjibaou Cultural Centre served as the location for the signing of the Nouméa Accord, an agreement that postponed the planned 1998 vote. It stipulated that New Caledonia would have the chance to hold up to three independence referendums, the first of which could take place any time between 2014 and 2018.Many of the Nouméa Accord's original signatories remain at the highest levels of government and hold significant sway in the November vote. The most prominent example is the pro-independence advocate Roch Wamytan, who serves as a member of congress. A silver-haired man with a warm smile, he is not sold on the loyalist argument that the Kanaks would be better off negotiating for more autonomy within the French republic. "To be independent is the right of every people," he says. "We have been preparing for 30 years and now we are ready."
One of the most common questions directed at Wamytan and his fellow separatists is about money: how could New Caledonia's public services cope without the €1bn that France sends each year? The answer, Wamytan believes, lies in the archipelago's vast natural resources. New Caledonia holds 25 per cent of the world's nickel reserves and has recently also started producing cobalt. "These assets won't be exhausted for a very long time," he says. "So they will continue to be at the centre of our economy."
Wamytan is also optimistic about the future of tourism and agriculture. Not everyone, however, agrees with his maths. Bianca Henin, for example, is certain that the economy is contingent on Paris's support. She is the New Caledonian representative of Marine Le Pen's National Front (many French parties have chapters in the archipelago and wield considerable influence). "Without the support of France we would look like Fiji," says Henin, dismissively. "There simply would not be enough money to organise national life."
Another major concern for Gomès is if New Caledonia's economy ends up relying too heavily on Chinese investment. Such a situation, he thinks, could have significant geopolitical implications for the Pacific region. He points to the example of Vanuatu, a former French-Anglo colony that has been flooded with Chinese money. "It could almost be like economic colonisation," he says. "There are already signs that they are interested. The Chinese ambassador to France recently spent 10 days in New Caledonia with a big team and they weren't just here for a holiday."
In the lead-up to the vote, the head of New Caledonia's French-funded police force has promised to step up security. Many worry that the archipelago may be heading towards another bloody period. "People are frightened," says Pascal Vittori, leader of the anti-independence All Caledonians party. "But we are used to it. In New Caledonia, politics can change your life."
Leaders within the independence movement are also trying to mitigate the possibility of violence. A whiteboard in the headquarters of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front, a political coalition that was linked to the 1980s hostage crisis, displays a list of peaceful demonstrations and meeting. "For me, the best solution is dialogue," says Mickael Forrest, its foreign-affairs secretary. A handrolled cigarette in his hand, Forrest looks jetlagged. He has just landed from New York, where he visited the UN HQ. The organisation has worked closely with Kanak nationalists since 1986, when New Caledonia was reinstated to a committee of non-self-governing territories. "After the referendum we are going to work with the UN to improve our political institutions," says Forrest. "We don't want independence and then chaos. We are not just dreamers."
Gomès believes that the biggest challenge facing his opponents is articulating a detailed vision of the future. As it stands he worries that the debate has become subverted, with cultural recognition being conflated with sovereignty. "Being pro-independence has become more like a philosophy," he says. "They want to be recognised as Kanaks and that is a legitimate reaction. But it is an outcome that can be achieved by better integrating Kanak culture into our institutions."
For his part, Emmanuel Tjibaou believes that more pressing problems are being glossed over in the independence debate. His role at the Tjibaou Cultural Centre has brought him into regular contact with the poverty that some Kanaks experience. Every day he works from a large office with a picture of his father on the wall and a window that provides a clear view of a wooded area peppered with squat houses. "On my drive in I often see people with jugs collecting water at the nearby skate park," he says. "On the other side of the road there are huge houses and expensive cars. That is not how society can go forward."
Facts and figures:
Population 279,000
Coastline 2,254km
Languages Officially French but 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects are also spoken
Main export partners
China (30.4%), Japan (15.7%), South Korea (14.7%), France (5%) and Belgium (4.5%)
Airports (with paved runways) 12
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Perth's drive to compete with Australian's east coast cities and a flag furore in New Caledonia.
Affairs / Urbanism
Currency: GBPAUDCHFEURGBPUSD


text:
namespace chromeos {
class ComponentExtensionIMEManager;
class ComponentExtensionIMEManagerDelegate;
class InputMethodEngine;
namespace input_method {
class InputMethodDelegate;
class ImeKeyboard;

// The implementation of InputMethodManager.
class InputMethodManagerImpl : public InputMethodManager,
                               public CandidateWindowController::Observer {
 public:
  // Constructs an InputMethodManager instance. The client is responsible for
  // calling |SetState| in response to relevant changes in browser state.
  InputMethodManagerImpl(scoped_ptr<InputMethodDelegate> delegate,
                         bool enable_extension_loading);
  virtual ~InputMethodManagerImpl();

  // Receives notification of an InputMethodManager::State transition.
  void SetState(State new_state);

  // InputMethodManager override:
  virtual State GetState() OVERRIDE;
  virtual void AddObserver(InputMethodManager::Observer* observer) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void AddCandidateWindowObserver(
      InputMethodManager::CandidateWindowObserver* observer) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void RemoveObserver(InputMethodManager::Observer* observer) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void RemoveCandidateWindowObserver(
      InputMethodManager::CandidateWindowObserver* observer) OVERRIDE;
  virtual scoped_ptr<InputMethodDescriptors>
      GetSupportedInputMethods() const OVERRIDE;
  virtual scoped_ptr<InputMethodDescriptors>
      GetActiveInputMethods() const OVERRIDE;
  virtual const std::vector<std::string>& GetActiveInputMethodIds() const
      OVERRIDE;
  virtual size_t GetNumActiveInputMethods() const OVERRIDE;
  virtual const InputMethodDescriptor* GetInputMethodFromId(
      const std::string& input_method_id) const OVERRIDE;
  virtual void EnableLoginLayouts(
      const std::string& language_code,
      const std::vector<std::string>& initial_layouts) OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool ReplaceEnabledInputMethods(
      const std::vector<std::string>& new_active_input_method_ids) OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool EnableInputMethod(const std::string& new_active_input_method_id)
      OVERRIDE;
  virtual void ChangeInputMethod(const std::string& input_method_id) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void ActivateInputMethodMenuItem(const std::string& key) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void AddInputMethodExtension(
      const std::string& extension_id,
      const InputMethodDescriptors& descriptors,
      InputMethodEngineInterface* instance) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void RemoveInputMethodExtension(
      const std::string& extension_id) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void GetInputMethodExtensions(
      InputMethodDescriptors* result) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void SetEnabledExtensionImes(std::vector<std::string>* ids) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void SetInputMethodLoginDefault() OVERRIDE;
  virtual void SetInputMethodLoginDefaultFromVPD(
      const std::string& locale, const std::string& layout) OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool SwitchToNextInputMethod() OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool SwitchToPreviousInputMethod(
      const ui::Accelerator& accelerator) OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool SwitchInputMethod(const ui::Accelerator& accelerator) OVERRIDE;
  virtual InputMethodDescriptor GetCurrentInputMethod() const OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool IsISOLevel5ShiftUsedByCurrentInputMethod() const OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool IsAltGrUsedByCurrentInputMethod() const OVERRIDE;

  virtual ImeKeyboard* GetImeKeyboard() OVERRIDE;
  virtual InputMethodUtil* GetInputMethodUtil() OVERRIDE;
  virtual ComponentExtensionIMEManager*
      GetComponentExtensionIMEManager() OVERRIDE;
  virtual bool IsLoginKeyboard(const std::string& layout) const OVERRIDE;

  virtual bool MigrateInputMethods(
      std::vector<std::string>* input_method_ids) OVERRIDE;

  // Sets |candidate_window_controller_|.
  void SetCandidateWindowControllerForTesting(
      CandidateWindowController* candidate_window_controller);
  // Sets |keyboard_|.
  void SetImeKeyboardForTesting(ImeKeyboard* keyboard);
  // Initialize |component_extension_manager_|.
  void InitializeComponentExtensionForTesting(
      scoped_ptr<ComponentExtensionIMEManagerDelegate> delegate);

 private:
  friend class InputMethodManagerImplTest;

  // CandidateWindowController::Observer overrides:
  virtual void CandidateClicked(int index) OVERRIDE;
  virtual void CandidateWindowOpened() OVERRIDE;
  virtual void CandidateWindowClosed() OVERRIDE;

  // Temporarily deactivates all input methods (e.g. Chinese, Japanese, Arabic)
  // since they are not necessary to input a login password. Users are still
  // able to use/switch active keyboard layouts (e.g. US qwerty, US dvorak,
  // French).
  void OnScreenLocked();

  // Resumes the original state by activating input methods and/or changing the
  // current input method as needed.
  void OnScreenUnlocked();

  // Returns true if |input_method_id| is in |active_input_method_ids_|.
  bool InputMethodIsActivated(const std::string& input_method_id);

  // Returns true if the given input method config value is a string list
  // that only contains an input method ID of a keyboard layout.
  bool ContainsOnlyKeyboardLayout(const std::vector<std::string>& value);

  // Creates and initializes |candidate_window_controller_| if it hasn't been
  // done.
  void MaybeInitializeCandidateWindowController();

  // If |current_input_method_id_| is not in |input_method_ids|, switch to
  // input_method_ids[0]. If the ID is equal to input_method_ids[N], switch to
  // input_method_ids[N+1].
  void SwitchToNextInputMethodInternal(
      const std::vector<std::string>& input_method_ids,
      const std::string& current_input_method_id);

  // Change system input method.
  // Returns true if the system input method is changed.
  bool ChangeInputMethodInternal(const std::string& input_method_id,
                                 bool show_message);

  // Loads necessary component extensions.
  // TODO(nona): Support dynamical unloading.
  void LoadNecessaryComponentExtensions();

  // Adds new input method to given list if possible
  bool EnableInputMethodImpl(
      const std::string& input_method_id,
      std::vector<std::string>* new_active_input_method_ids) const;

  // Starts or stops the system input method framework as needed.
  // (after list of enabled input methods has been updated)
  void ReconfigureIMFramework();

  scoped_ptr<InputMethodDelegate> delegate_;

  // The current browser status.
  State state_;

  // A list of objects that monitor the manager.
  ObserverList<InputMethodManager::Observer> observers_;
  ObserverList<CandidateWindowObserver> candidate_window_observers_;

  // The input method which was/is selected.
  InputMethodDescriptor previous_input_method_;
  InputMethodDescriptor current_input_method_;
  // The active input method ids cache.
  std::vector<std::string> active_input_method_ids_;

  // The list of enabled extension IMEs.
  std::vector<std::string> enabled_extension_imes_;

  // For screen locker. When the screen is locked, |previous_input_method_|,
  // |current_input_method_|, and |active_input_method_ids_| above are copied
  // to these "saved" variables.
  InputMethodDescriptor saved_previous_input_method_;
  InputMethodDescriptor saved_current_input_method_;
  std::vector<std::string> saved_active_input_method_ids_;

  // Extra input methods that have been explicitly added to the menu, such as
  // those created by extension.
  std::map<std::string, InputMethodDescriptor> extra_input_methods_;

  // The pending input method id for delayed 3rd party IME enabling.
  std::string pending_input_method_id_;

  // The candidate window.  This will be deleted when the APP_TERMINATING
  // message is sent.
  scoped_ptr<CandidateWindowController> candidate_window_controller_;

  // An object which provides miscellaneous input method utility functions. Note
  // that |util_| is required to initialize |keyboard_|.
  InputMethodUtil util_;

  // An object which provides component extension ime management functions.
  scoped_ptr<ComponentExtensionIMEManager> component_extension_ime_manager_;

  // An object for switching XKB layouts and keyboard status like caps lock and
  // auto-repeat interval.
  scoped_ptr<ImeKeyboard> keyboard_;

  // The engine map from extension_id to an engine.
  std::map<std::string, InputMethodEngineInterface*> engine_map_;

  // Whether load IME extensions.
  bool enable_extension_loading_;

  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(InputMethodManagerImpl);
};

}  // namespace input_method
}  // namespace chromeos

#endif  // CHROME_BROWSER_CHROMEOS_INPUT_METHOD_INPUT_METHOD_MANAGER_IMPL_H_

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Form action is refreshing the html page on being live on domain <form role="form" action="" method="post">

            <button type="submit" class="btn"
       name="login_user">Login</button>

</form>

if (isset($_POST['login_user']) && !empty($_POST['username'])){

    if (count($errors) == 0) {
        $password = md5($password);
        $query = "SELECT * FROM portal_users WHERE username='$username'
    AND password_2='$password' and user_status ='1'";
        $results = mysqli_query($conn, $query);

        if (mysqli_num_rows($results) == 1) {

         getEmpDetail($results);
            header('location: index.php');
        }
    }
}

I have used ob_start() but it didn't gave he desired effect it just keep on refreshing the page and so on.
is the form implementation faulty or i am using header in php doestnt wotk in php v 5.2.


The UCAP is a mid-sized fixed blade that is geared for everyday carry. The knife was created with a defensive purpose in mind, but is also well equipped for any and all cutting chores where a knife is called for, from first responder situations, outdoors activities, and just about anything else you can throw at it. It's a looker too, look at those classic lines and that belly!
The UCAP has a bowie-style clip point blade made from 52100 carbon steel with a Rockwell hardness of 58-59. The knife features a 4" blade that has a tungsten cerakote finish for corrosion resistance and durability.
The beveled and contoured G10 grips feature a diagonal texturing that offers a very secure grip without being overly aggressive and they work very well wet or dry. We have handle scales available in Black, Dirty Olive and Hyena Brown.


text:
Arms and The Man (Version 2)
Read by Phil Chenevert
Arms and the Man is a comedy written by George Bernard Shaw, and was first produced in 1894 and published in 1898, and has become one of the most popular of his plays. Like his other works, Arms and the Man questions conventional values and uses war and love as his satirical targets. He delightfully pops the bubble of the 'brave soldier' always wishing to charge into battle and shows (I think) how people stay the same whether in uniform or not and are not magically changed into different people. A cautious soldier can be just as admirable as a reckless one. - Summary by Phil Chenevert (2 hr 51 min)
Act I 47:31 Read by Phil Chenevert
Act II 54:21 Read by Phil Chenevert
Act III 1:09:52 Read by Phil Chenevert
Shaw at its best
Basquetteur
The continuous laughter which greets Shaw's plays arises from a real contrast in the point of view of the dramatist and his audiences. When Pinero or Jones describes a whimsical situation we never doubt for a moment that the author's point of view is our own and that the abnormal predicament of his characters appeals to him in the same light as to his audience. With Shaw this sense of community of feeling is wholly lacking. He describes things as he sees them, and the house is in a roar. Who is right? If we were really using our own senses and not gazing through the glasses of convention and romance and make-believe, should we see things as Shaw does? (From introduction)
wonderfully ridiculous
Monica Evans
just love it .... hilarious ridiculous pretentious ...a great study of human nature & 1st world problems .... Money !!!


It's a lifestyle custom-tailored for daily pampering.
Our magnificent common areas deliver sleek and chic modern styling with understated elegance. No doubt, you'll find yourself inventing a thousand excuses to steal away to the clubroom bar and library with friends, loved ones or a laptop. There's everything you need to keep your body in tune or wash away the stress after a long day. And of course, there's the on-site ground-level retail standing by for whatever want or whim comes along. With Aston City Springs, this truly is the life you've always dreamed about.


text:
Live This Month: November 2010 — an audio guide through SF concerts this month (Podcast #236)
By The Bay Bridged|November 3, 2010|Comments Off on Live This Month: November 2010 — an audio guide through SF concerts this month (Podcast #236)
Live This Month: November 2010 (Podcast #236)
In Live This Month, we sample some of the great local and out-of-town bands performing in the next 30 days in the San Francisco Bay Area. November's got a ton of great shows, with multiple bands from Denver (Tennis, Gauntlet Hair) and Philadelphia (Sun Airway, Kurt Vile) making noteworthy appearances, while a bunch of locals celebrate the release of new CDs (Eux Autres, Faun Fables, The Definite Articles, The Parties). Enjoy the mix and then go check out some shows!
Subscribe to The Bay Bridged Podcast to get every new episode!
About the bands:
Nocturne of Exploded Crystal Chandelier is the debut album from Philadelphia art-pop band Sun Airway ("Put the Days Away"). On November 5th, they're opening for Bear in Heaven and Lower Dens at The Independent.
SF band Eux Autres ("Go Dancing") celebrate the release of their latest album, Broken Bow, at El Rio on November 18th. Writer and Sporting Life round out the lineup.
Denver indie poppers Tennis ("Marathon") have built a strong buzz on some extremely catchy singles. They'll be at the Hotel Utah with Eulogies on November 14th.
New Yorker Elizabeth Harper makes electronic disco-pop as Class Actress ("Careful What You Say"). She's performing along with Small Black and Young Prisms on November 6th at The Independent.
SF band Wet Illustrated's ("Born Stoked") debut single, out now, was recorded by Tim Cohen. They join Honey and Burnt Ones at Amnesia on November 4th.
Jangly pop band The Pains of Being Pure at Heart ("Say No To Love") have been working on a new full length recently. The band joins labelmates Weekend and Seattle's Grave Babies at The Independent on November 9th.
Kurt Vile's ("In My Time") new 7" debuts a cleaner sound from the songwriter and a hint of what might be to come on his next full length in 2011. The Soft Pack and Purling Hiss join Vile at the Rickshaw Stop on November 9th.
Bay Area retro-pop practitioners The Parties ("Let's Call It Love") released their latest work, Coast Garde, yesterday on Rainbow Quartz Records. They're part of an all-local bill at the Hemlock Tavern on November 19th, alongside The Love Dimension and Trevor Childs & the Beholders.
Personal Life is the new album from indie pop-rock band The Thermals ("I Don't Believe You"). They'll be at The Independent on November 15th and The New Parish on the 21st.
Pomegranates ("50's") return to the Bay with One of Us, their third album. They're performing at the Rickshaw Stop on November 15th. Oh No Oh My and Big Tree are also playing.
Denver duo Gauntlet Hair ("I Was Thinking...") have released a steady stream of exciting, noisy pop songs over the past year. Epicsauce presents Gauntlet Hair, Woodsman, Craft Spells, and Melted Toys at Milk on November 11th.
The Definite Articles ("Bumbershoot") are a local chamber pop band whose first full length, King Merriweather, comes out this month. The band's celebrating with two release shows at 32 Ocean on November 19th and 20th.
Oakland experimental folk artist Faun Fables ("Parade") releases Light of a Vaster Dark on Drag City this month. They'll be at The New Parish on November 14th with The Cairo Gang and Lasher Keen.
Tags: Class Actress, Eux Autres, Faun Fables, Gauntlet Hair, Kurt Vile, Pomegranates, Sun Airway, Tennis, The Definite Articles, The Pains of Being Pure at Heart, The Parties, The Thermals, Wet Illustrated
About the Author: The Bay Bridged
Founded in 2006, The Bay Bridged is a 501(c)3 nonprofit arts organization utilizing new media and presenting live events to support the San Francisco Bay Area's indie rock, folk, and pop music communities.
Ticket Giveaway Wednesday: SambaDa, Delorean
Shuteye Unison - "Century M"


Lyon led twice at Hoffenheim but were forced to settle for a point and will hope for better in their home Group F fixture.
After sharing six goals last time out, Lyon and Hoffenheim meet again with the French side looking to cement their place in Group F's qualification berths and their German visitors still seeking a first UEFA Champions League victory.
• Lyon were knocked off top spot in the section by Manchester City on matchday three despite twice leading at the Rhein-Neckar-Arena in Sinsheim. Bertrand Traoré gave the visitors a 27th-minute lead and, though Andrej Kramarić turned the match on its head with goals either side of half-time, second-half strikes from Tanguy Ndombele (59) and Memphis Depay (67) looked to have given Lyon a second successive away win. Instead Hoffenheim substitute Joelinton rescued a point in added time, keeping the German side in touch with the top two.
• Lyon therefore have five points, one behind leaders Manchester City but three ahead of both Hoffenheim and Shakhtar Donetsk. Hoffenheim will be unable to finish in the top two if they lose in Lyon and City win at home to Shakhtar in the other matchday four contest.
• Les Gones kicked off their 2018/19 UEFA Champions League campaign with a memorable 2-1 victory at Manchester City, and recovered from 0-2 down at home to Shakhtar on matchday two to salvage a point.
• Those results, and the draw at Hoffenheim, make it four wins – and only one defeat – in the last seven European matches for Bruno Génésio's side, who have scored two or more goals in each of their last four European fixtures.
• The 3-2 defeat at home to CSKA ended Lyon's three-game winning run in their own stadium in Europe, and is their only home reverse in 11 European contests (W7 D3), since a 1-0 UEFA Champions League group loss to Juventus in October 2016.
• OL have lost two of their last three home games against German clubs – although they beat Schalke 1-0 in the most recent, in the 2010/11 UEFA Champions League group stage – but have won seven of the 12 such contests overall (D1 L4).
• The German club's debut in the UEFA Champions League proper was a 2-2 draw at Shakhtar Donetsk, although Hoffenheim's home bow fell flat as they were undone by a late Manchester City goal to lose 2-1 at the Rhein-Neckar-Arena on matchday two.
• Third in last season's Bundesliga – their highest ever finish – Hoffenheim made their European bow against eventual runners-up Liverpool in last season's UEFA Champions League play-offs (1-2 home, 2-4 away).
• They went on to pick up five points in the UEFA Europa League group stage, finishing fourth in a section that also included Braga, Ludogorets and İstanbul Başakşehir.
• Hoffenheim have lost three of their five European away games, the exceptions a 1-1 draw at İstanbul Başakşehir on matchday four of last season's UEFA Europa League and matchday one at Shakhtar.
• Die Kraichgauer have won only one of their 11 European matches, home and away. Having lost the first four, they have been beaten only twice in the last seven.
• Hoffenheim are the 13th German club to feature in the UEFA Champions League – a joint competition record with Spain. They are one of three newcomers to the UEFA Champions League group stage this season, alongside Crvena zvezda and Young Boys.
• Aged 31 years 58 days, Julian Nagelsmann became the youngest coach in UEFA Champions League history on matchday one, replacing Viktor Goncharenko, who was 31 years 99 days when BATE Borisov took on Real Madrid on matchday one in 2008/09.
• Ishak Belfodil signed for Lyon in June 2008 and made ten appearances for the first team before joining Parma in 2012.
• Andrej Kramarić (Croatia) and Nabil Fekir (France) both came on as substitutes in the FIFA World Cup final on 15 July; France were 4-2 winners in Moscow.
• Lyon have lost only one of their last 11 matches in all competitions (W5 D5) – a 5-0 loss at Paris Saint-Germain on 7 October, their heaviest defeat since a 6-1 loss at Nantes on 15 February 2000. They drew 1-1 at home to Bordeaux on Saturday.
• Before Saturday, Memphis Depay had scored in Lyon's previous three games having drawn a blank in the previous ten; the Dutchman's previous club goal came on the opening day of the Ligue 1 season on 12 August.
• Bertrand Traoré is Lyon's joint top scorer in Ligue 1 this season with four goals – all at home. Houssem Aouar joined him on four on Saturday.
• Nabil Fekir returned after four weeks out to provide an assist on Saturday, his first appearance since being replaced after only six minutes at Paris due to an ankle injury.
• Maxwel Cornet has not played since 16 October having picked up an ankle problem on international duty. He was an unused substitute at the weekend.
• Rafael returned from a shoulder problem that had kept him out since 7 October in the 2-1 win at Angers on 27 October. Léo Dubois (thigh) also picked up an injury against Paris on 7 October and has not featured since.
• Hoffenheim were 4-1 victors at Bayer Leverkusen on Saturday, Joelinton scoring twice to make it four goals in his last four games.
• Die Kraichgauer failed to score for the first time this season in a 2-0 DFB Pokal defeat by RB Leipzig on 31 October.
• Hoffenheim have not been involved in a 0-0 draw since 20 May 2017. Their 15 games this season in all competitions have yielded 58 goals.
• Julian Nagelsmann's side have won only three of their last eight matches in all competitions (D1 L4) – although the 4-0 defeat of Stuttgart on 27 October was their biggest victory of the season, and their only clean sheet.
• Reiss Nelson, who was also on target on Saturday, has scored five goals for Hoffenheim in his six Bundesliga appearances, playing 318 minutes in total.
• Nadiem Amiri (mid-August, foot surgery) and Dennis Geiger (10 March, hamstring) are both back in training.
• Florian Grillitsch (knee) suffered an ankle injury against Stuttgart and missed the Leipzig game, returning at Leverkusen; Stefan Posch has been out since 7 October due to a calf complaint.
• Benjamin Hübner has been out since 3 August due to concussion. Lukas Rupp has not played this season after suffering a knee injury on 5 May.


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Toowoomba is a key education center. Many chief universities are locating or setting campuses in this area such as the extensive campuses of Southern Queensland Institute of TAFE and University of Queensland.
If you have a bachelor degree in any field other than education and want to become a school teacher, USQ's Master of Learning and Teaching will get you there. This all new master's level degree will equip you with an advanced and comprehensive understanding of education and thoroughly prepare you for your new career.
aims to extend your expertise, helping you to become a leader in Education is offered completely online, giving the flexibility to study anywhere, anytime.
Are you ready for your future career?
Make your next great career move with USQ's Master of Business and Innovation.
You will be able to choose two specialisations that will broaden your knowledge, enhance your expertise and complement your career ambitions.
gain hands-on practical lab and industry experience to prepare you for working in the engineering profession. apply your study knowledge to a real-world problem in your research project - a great stepping-stone to further research degrees, including your Ph.D.
The aim of the Master of Business Research is to train you in high-level business research, for either academic or senior management purposes. You will undertake a significant piece of research in your area of interest, using your specialist knowledge and advanced research techniques to explore the resolution of a management problem. It is expected that the research you conduct over several years will make an important contribution to the development of new knowledge, community development and solutions for industry and government.
You will receive a separate testamur (official certificate) for each degree and will be able to complete the double degree in less time than if you chose to study the two degrees separately.