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text:
reporting from the outskirts of the Empire
By Cornelius Stahlblau Posted on June 13, 2020 July 26, 2020
Contemplation and Weapons of Meme Destruction
The War in Afghanistan is the longest conflict the United States has ever been engaged in. Despite what the diminishing media attention it gets might lead to believe, it is still ongoing. Following the successful invasion of the country in 2001, a coalition of 40 countries, including all NATO members, formed a security mission to fight the insurgency that was still controlling much of the country. This counterinsurgency has been largely unsuccessful, if we judge it by the degree to which its initial objective of bringing liberal democracy to the country has been accomplished.
In 2010, the Military Intelligence Bulletin, a US Army Intelligence publication, featured an article on memetic warfare, exploring "the emerging field of Memetics and [its] implications for memetic operations in military environments". You can find it here. The article starts by highlighting the ineffectiveness of urban counterinsurgency operations which were being performed at the time, and presented the field of memetics as a way in which to attack the specific root causes of insurgency. The author of the article was B. J. Hancock, an Army lieutenant with a background on Psychology and Political Science. Lt. Hancock considered insurgencies as a product of "mind viruses", that is, malignant or pathogenic memes. In his framework, the insurgency was the symptom of a disease of the mind, the solution of which had to be found in eradicating the etiologic agent. Thus, he intended to use Memetic Warfare to counter not only the insurgency, but also domestic social problems such as youth gang violence, the welfare cycle, or the degradation of public education.
This version of applied memetics has been known throughout history by another name: propaganda. The word is, of course, Latin. It comes from the name of a body of the Catholic Church: the Congregatio de propaganda fide. That is, the "Congregation for the propagation of the Faith"; an institution founded in 1622, in the thick of the Counter-Reformation. It was designed to perform missionary work and spread the Catholic religion around the newly discovered territories of the World, and even had its own College for training missionaries, the Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide. The missionary work performed by the Church was frequently undermined by the subversive activity of Protestant countries such as England and Holland, engaged in geopolitical global competition against Catholic Spain and Portugal. Good examples of this dynamic can be found in the brief but intense Catholic presence in Japan during the late Sengoku Era. Dutch merchants fostered the idea of Christianity being a vector of colonialism to the Tokugawa Shogunate, a fact which directly led to the sakoku 鎖国"closed country" foreign policy and the complete elimination of Christianity from Japan. The only foreign presence allowed in Japanese soil for the following two centuries was a Dutch factory and trading post in Dejima, an artificial island in the Nagasaki Bay.
Both counterinsurgency psyops and missionary work fit the current, popular definition of Memetic Warfare. This concept is related to the field of Memetics in the same way Medicine relates to Human Biology. Following the Aristotelian classification of human activities, Memetic Warfare and Medicine are πρᾱξις (praxis), activities, something to be performed. Memetics and Biology, in contrast, are fields of knowledge, θεωρία (theoria), objects of contemplation and study. In a military context, Memetics is weaponized and turned into the practice of Memetic Warfare in the same way theoretical Chemistry, Biology and Physics are weaponized into Chemical, Biological and Radiological weapons of mass destruction.
One of the fundamental differences between praxis and theory is that the former demands an element of purpose, a τέλος (telos). Medicine, as a practice, only makes sense in the moment we consider disease as an evil to be avoided or rectified. For modern Biology, though, there is no such thing as a "disease": everything is just a deterministic process which follows a precise set of rules. When deadly plague bacteria destroy a patient's lungs, the only thing the biologist sees are microscopic organisms feeding on another being's cells. The patient is prey, an ephemeral entity whose physical body will eventually dissolve in the environment. There is no judgment in Science, only contemplation and description. Medicine can have scientific grounds, but it can never be Science because it substitutes description for prescription, and contemplation for action. We consider health as a good to be preserved, an integral part of the telos of Human Life. This is a remnant of the Medieval understanding of Science: there is a finality to everything, a Natural Law. Scholastic philosophers understood scientific contemplation as an effort to discover the purpose of things.
Weaponizing Memetics à la Hancock is a fundamentally flawed project, because it rushes into the fray and completely foregoes contemplation. It sees everything through the glass of a certain telos, inherent to war: the defeat of the enemy. It doesn't understand memes as natural objects, but only as tools to combat other "malignant memes", the mind viruses which affect the enemy. Hancock argues that insurgents are victims of memetic campaigns which turn them into memoids, brainwashed beings completely overtaken by a memeplex and devoted to its propagation. He suggests these malignant memes should be identified, tracked, isolated, and eliminated. The process involves engineering alternative, benign memes to compete with the mind viruses. In the Middle East Forever Wars context of 2010, this meant trying to supplant radical Islam with democratic ideals: a project which, so far, has failed spectacularly.
The doctrine of Memetic Warfare places too much emphasis on how to practice artificial memetic selection, and does not delve at all into the natural selection dynamics central to the field of Memetics. In other words, it is incapable of conceiving that someone can spontaneously become a jihadist without being subject to an intentional, artificial brainwashing process. It lacks the basic self-awareness to realize that memes do not only affect the enemy. Just as there are no causeless phenomena for the biologist, there are no causeless thoughts for the memeticist; no such thing as free thought. The Western aparatchik designing propaganda campaigns for Muslims is himself a victim of certain memeplexes: a memoid of democratic liberalism. The supposedly benign memes he may engineer to combat insurgency are a distilled version of the real memeplex which has taken over his mind: only the most obvious, explicit, conceptual parts which he can consciously articulate. Obviously, a lot of memetic nuances are lost in translation. His shortcomings are those of the biologist designing transgenic tomatoes: he makes them extra red and bright, so they look attractive in the store. Bland but beautiful transgenic tomatoes may sell well in globalized markets; everybody knows, though, that they can hardly compete with the local variety's taste.
Tags: guerrilla, memetics
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Tag: Hunger games
Telling and Selling Stories the Video Game Way
15 June, 2014 22 June, 2017 11 Comments
Character + Conflict
C+O+G
Using C+O+G in Query Letters
C+O+G in Pop Culture
If you follow me on Twitter, then you'll get daily doses of writing and editing tips with an occasional sprinkling of bad jokes and fangirl gushing over Clark Gregg or Nathan Fillion (unless you follow me @LaraEdits, which is my new account for editing tips). You may have seen this tweet:
Drama, that magic stuff that keeps us reading, requires CHARACTER (protagonist, w/ goals) and CONFLICT (obstacles, stakes). #writingtips
— Lara Willard (@larathelark) June 3, 2014
That is dramatic storytelling at it's very simplest. You can remember it in terms of 2, 3, or 4, depending on whichever is easiest for you:
Character + Goal + Obstacles
Character + Goal + Obstacles + Stakes
Empathetic characters with goals
Characters have to want something, otherwise they just sit around eating Fritos in their boxer briefs in their parents' basement. That isn't a story. Continue reading →
17 August, 2013 5 September, 2017 12 Comments
Today is my third (and final?) post in a short series on Point of View. First was an introduction to terms. Second, a comparison of the different choices of narration. Now, examples of each type. As always, feel free to ask any questions in the comments!
First-Person Narrator
Third-Person Omniscient Narrator
Third-Person Limited Narrator, Light
Third-Person Limited Narrator, Deep
Third-Person Cinematic/Objective Narrator
Next morning I awoke, looked out the window and nearly died of fright. My screams brought Atticus from his bathroom half-shaven.
"The world's endin', Atticus! Please do something!" I dragged him to the window and pointed.
"No it's not," he said. "It's snowing."
In first-person narration, the narrator is a character in the story and uses the pronoun "I." We never see into anyone else's head, unless there is more than one narrator. The narrator is aware of an audience and needs to have a reason to tell the story. As in omniscient narration, the voice of the first-person narrator must be distinct, interesting, and well-crafted.
In first-person movies, we usually hear the thoughts of the narrator but see the character. In fiction, however, the narrator should not be remembering scenes as an out-of-body experience. In other words, there shouldn't be any filtering.
In this clip from A Christmas Story, we can see Ralphie most of the time, but we can also hear his thoughts and sometimes see from his visual point-of-view.
First person novels: To Kill a Mockingbird, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The Great Gatsby, Bridget Jones's Diary, Frankenstein, Dracula
There have been five great kisses since 1642 B.C…(before then couples hooked thumbs.) And the precise rating of kisses is a terribly difficult thing, often leading to great controversy…. Well, this one left them all behind.
The omniscient narrator knows what is going on in any person's head at any time, in any place. The narrator is its own voice and can make its own judgments about the characters. It's the least intimate of the POVs, but the distance can be comic distance, used effectively for humor. This style of narration calls attention to itself (remember, it's presentational), and it carries the story. Omniscient narration must be interesting and exceptionally well written. It can have a distinct voice that makes comments, like in the narration at the beginning of 500 Days of Summer, or throughout Amelie.
A fair warning, though. Many people consider omniscient narration to be sloppy or lazy, and "head hopping" is a common mistake made by writers. Unless you are writing comedy or are briefly creating an establishing shot, you might want to consider using Third Person Limited Omniscience.
Third person Omniscient novels: The Princess Bride, parts of The Lord of the Rings, The Chronicles of Narnia, books by Terry Pratchett and Kurt Vonnegut and Jane Austen
It was, he thought, the difference between being dragged into the arena to face a battle to the death and walking into the arena with your head held high. Some people, perhaps, would say that there was little to choose between the two ways, but Dumbledore knew—and so do I, thought Harry, with a rush of fierce pride, and so did my parents—that there was all the difference in the world.
― Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
Third person limited omniscience, light penetration consists of a neutral narration which sometimes dives into the head of a character (or two or more, but only one per scene—it is limited). This POV is usually replaced by deep penetration during emotionally tense scenes that need to be more fully experienced. In movies, soliloquies are the closest thing to hearing the characters' thoughts, and Ferris Bueller's Day Off is full of them.
It was stupid, pointless, irritating beyond belief that he still had four days left of being unable to perform magic…
Marvolo Gaunt's ring lay on the desk before Dumbledore. It was cracked; the sword of Gryffindor lay beside it.
I've given the two examples above to illustrate different examples of deep penetration in a novel that is primarily light penetration. In the first, the narration is what Harry is feeling, though it doesn't say, "he thought," and it stays in third person rather than switching suddenly to first. In the second, we have come from seeing Harry seeing through the pensieve—using filtering words like "Harry saw," "Harry noticed," etc.—to seeing the objects for ourselves, without filtering.
Like first person, in third-person deep, we see into someone else's head and everything is told from his or her point of view, but the narration uses third person pronouns instead of first. This can actually be more intimate than first person, because the reader sort of becomes the POV character. Think of it like having a dream. In a dream, you can be someone else. You know it isn't you, hence the third-person pronouns, but you still see from someone else's POV. No filtering is used—no "he thought" or "she thought," and any separate narrator disappears so that the POV character becomes the narrator.
Imagine a movie like Cloverfield, in which we can also hear the filming character's thoughts. This is what reading first person or third person deep penetration should look like.
I can't really give a short example of an objective point of view, because for all you know, the next line might have a description of someone's thoughts, and objective narration is characterized by what it isn't rather than what it is. If you're reading a suspenseful tale that has a scene featuring the villain or suspect, chances are, that scene is told in objective narration. To see into the mind of the bad guy would give up his motive.
If you really want to see this in practice, compare Voldemort's scenes in the first few Harry Potter books, in which we/Harry can see into his head, to the first chapter of Deathly Hallows, which is so cinematic, none of the characters are named until after they are physically described. The reader is forced to make guesses and assumptions about the characters, because the narrator is completely silent.
In a cinematic view, we can't see into anyone's thoughts, so we rely on our own observations of the characters and their dialogue.
Most movies never go into the brain of a character, which is why this style of narration is called cinematic. So to illustrate, I'll pick a scene that is painfully, obviously cinematic, from The Hunger Games.
In the books, we see everything from Katniss's brain. It's written in first person, present tense, and the effect is immediacy. We hear her thoughts as she has them. In this scene of the movie, the director relies on clunky sports commentary to explain what Katniss may or may not be thinking. It's insulting to the viewer. The director assumes you aren't smart enough to figure out what's going on. If we really couldn't figure it out, all Katniss had to do would be to mutter, "It's mined." Or even, "It's a minefield." Or, hey, even, "Well, I declare! I do believe they have taken the mines from under the launch pads and moved them there, to create a booby trap!" It's not like humans never say anything to themselves aloud. I assume they wanted a sort of pinch point, to remind the audience of the Capitol, and they probably wanted to get Stanley Tucci some more screen time, but UGH.
Here's how it plays out in the book, and notice how, even though she doesn't have to, she whispers OUT LOUD:
I realize I'm grinding my teeth in frustration. Foxface has confirmed what I'd already guessed. But what sort of trap have they laid that requires such dexterity? Has so many trigger points? Why did she squeal so as her hands made contact with the earth? You'd have thought … and slowly it begins to dawn on me … you'd have thought the very ground was going to explode.
"It's mined," I whisper. That explains everything. The Careers' willingness to leave their supplies, Foxface's reaction, the involvement of the boy from District 3, where they have the factories, where they make televisions and automobiles and explosives. But where did he get them? In the supplies? That's not the sort of weapon the Gamemakers usually provide, given that they like to see the tributes draw blood personally. I slip out of the bushes and cross to one of the round metal plates that lifted the tributes into the arena. The ground around it has been dug up and patted back down. The land mines were disabled after the sixty seconds we stood on the plates, but the boy from District 3 must have managed to reactivate them. I've never seen anyone in the Games do that. I bet it came as a shock even to the Gamemakers.
If they really had to have Caesar Flickerman in that scene, he could have explained that second paragraph after Katniss figured it out, giving the backstory, and not insulting both the protagonist and the audience.
But I digress and rant.
That's about all I have to say on Point of View for the time being. Let me know if you need something more clearly explained, or if you want to know more about another writing topic. I'm open to suggestions!
18 July, 2013 13 December, 2016 4 Comments
First, a Pop Quiz
I'm going to give you four openings of books, and you tell me how they hook the reader. Why does the reader keep reading?
1. In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever since. "Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone," he told me, "just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had."
2. First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross carried letters from a girl named Martha, a junior at Mount Sebastian College in New Jersey. They were not love letters, but Lieutenant Cross was hoping, so he kept them folded in plastic at the bottom of his rucksack.
3. When I wake up, the other side of the bed is cold. My fingers stretch out, seeking Prim's warmth but finding only the rough canvas cover of the mattress. She must have had bad dreams and climbed in with our mother. Of course, she did. This is the day of the reaping.
4. When Mr. Bilbo Baggins of Bag End announced that he would shortly be celebrating his eleventy-first birthday with a party of special significance, there was much talk and excitement in Hobbiton.
Here are the sources for the openings:
F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby
Tim O'Brien, The Things They Carried
Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games
J.R.R. Tolkien, The Fellowship of the Ring
Here are my answers of what might be going through a reader's mind as s/he reads the openings:
That's an intriguing idea. I wonder what more the author has to say or show about it. (Answers)
I want to know more about this guy; he seems interesting. (Character)
Immediate: What's the Reaping? By the end of the chapter: What happens next? (Answers, Time)
Who's Bilbo? Where's Bag End? Eleventy-first birthday? A Party? Hobbiton? (World)
Earlier this week I posted about WATCH, a method of figuring out which of four elements your novel focuses on. Each novel has all four, but novels generally stress one over the others. When you know which element is your focus, you have a good idea of how to start and end your novel, giving it continuity. The four elements are World, Answers (or theme), Time (or events), and Character. Read about them on the previous post.
Tricky Beginnings and Endings
Beginning and ending your book with your focus element is a helpful tip. It isn't a rule. To Kill A Mockingbird begins with a statement about Jem, Scout's brother, then talks about events leading up to his injury, and then the book ends on theme.
Tuck Everlasting begins with a mystery and ends with a theme, but the epilogue ends with more events. All together, the story is a Time story—readers want to know what happens next.
The Outsiders starts by talking about the narrator and ends with him wanting to tell the world about his friends. The book's themes and plot and world are important, but the story begins and ends with character.
A Study in Scarlet is a mystery, but the first chapter is about Dr. Watson introducing himself and then being told about Sherlock Holmes. But even the character of Holmes is its own mystery, which is why the reader doesn't want to know how the characters grow so much as answer the question of who they are.
Isaac Asimov's Foundation begins with an "excerpt" from the Encyclopedia Galactica. It's not difficult to guess that World is definitely a focus in his books.
A Note Regarding Prologues
Agents want to read and represent a book that hooks them from the first paragraph. That's why plenty of agents despise prologues. But wait, you say, plenty of fantasy and sci-fi books start with prologues. If World is your focus, you're more likely to get away with a prologue. If the focus is Character or Answers, then you likely should not have a prologue—backstory and answers should be revealed throughout the book. Don't give your milk away for free if you're trying to sell a cow.
If you are debating about including a prologue, first consider the following:
Is there any other way you can effectively incorporate this information without putting it at the beginning?
Is it really that necessary?
Do you care that many readers will skip over it?
Do you care that it might annoy potential agents or publishers?
If you absolutely must include a prologue, I suggest titling it Chapter One rather than Prologue. Include a date or time stamp there and on Chapter 2 to show a shift in time or place.
YOUR Beginning: Another Quiz!
When writing or revising your beginning, ask yourself what is important to you as a writer and as a reader.
Answer each question yes/no. Then rank your "Yes" answers in order of what matters most to you.
Do you want to be thought of as poignant or thought-provoking?
Do you want to be known as exciting?
Do you want to be known for your imagination?
Do you want to be known as an intimate person?
Do you read books to escape?
Do you put down a book if it's boring?
Do you enjoy books that make you think?
Do you tend to forget about the plot in books you've read, but always remember the people?
Do you want people to fall in love with your characters?
Do you want people to enjoy your fictional universe as much as (or more than) you do?
Do you want your book to be memorable for its themes?
Do you want your book to be a page-turner?
What matters most from questions 1–4: ___ (1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C)
What matters most from questions 5–8: ___ (5-D, 6-B, 7-C, 4-A)
What matters most from questions 9–12: ___ (9-C, 10-D, 11-A, 12-B)
If you answered mostly A's (Answers)—Start your book with a theme and end it with the final statement on the theme. For the rest of the novel, be sure to illustrate (show) rather than explain (tell) so you don't get preachy. These are the books that, when thematic and done right, change people's lives and become their most beloved books. When structured as mysteries or capers, these are the most open to becoming series.
If you answered mostly B's (Time)—Start your book immediately with the inciting incident, and end each chapter with a change of events. Finish the book with a final change of events (which might be a cliff-hanger if this is part of a series). These books are the ones that people can't put down and recommend to their friends because it's such a thrilling read.
If you answered mostly C's (Characters)—Start and end your book with interesting details about the character. Voice is everything. So is making the character sympathetic by using rooting interests. These are the books that people fall in love with, that generate the most fan fiction.
If you answered mostly D's (World)—Fascinate them with the world you create. Start with a regular day, if it's really amazing. Otherwise begin with the most interesting places or event in your world, and end once the world finds a new normal. These are the books that people immerse themselves in—the ones that generate the most cosplays and fan art. They have a very high potential for spin-offs. (They are also the ones that have the highest costuming and CGI budgets when transferred to film!)
WATCH, or: Where to Start and End your Novel
The 8 C's of Plotting: Prologue, Opening, Captivation, Change
The Storybook Synopsis
12 September, 2012 Leave a comment
Today we talk about using as few words as possible to tell a story. It's a great exercise for synopses writing, query letters, and elevator speeches.
I've been reading more picture books to my son lately, and some of his favorite are the five-page, itty bitty board books by Disney.
His collection seems to be out-of-print. I'd like to think it's because those stories were so blatantly sexist. But I digress. I'm supposed to be comparing this to a summary of a story.
Think of a Disney movie. Take, for example, my favorite, The Lion King. We've already examined The Lion King using my 8 C's of plotting, so we know that there's a full story there.
But Disney merch has shown us a plethora of synopses for the story. There are chapter books, story books, picture books, and yes, a 5-page board book. Each is the same story, condensed in varying degrees of complexity.
Some of the 5-page board books have no plot at all. They have one page per character in the story. And you know what else? They are stupid. When agents/editors/publishers read your query letter or synopsis, they don't want a page per insignificant character. They want to know what your story is. Yes, that means they want to know the plot, right down to the happy or unhappy ending.
Another digression:
I read in How Not to Write a Novel the chapter "How Not to Sell a Novel." One mistake new writers sometimes make when trying to sell the book is not giving away the ending . Maybe in children's merchandise you don't want to tell little 2-year old Sally about the prince slaying the dragon, but I'm pretty sure 3-year old Sally wants to know that the prince is worth his salt. And Publisher Sally wants to know that the new writer she's considering is worth his salt and can write a decent ending. Don't annoy the publisher or agent in an attempt to be mysterious.
The best of the 5-page books are like a good movie trailer. They spell out the plot in a condensed manner, but they don't give everything away. Still, they at least hint at the ending. My husband and I hate watching TV Spots for movies, because lately they seem to never actually tell you what the movie is about. There's more fading to black than there is content.
Disney will probably sue me and take my puppy away if I give you an example of one of the stories they published, so let me make up an example. Each page has 1-2 sentences. No page has more than 15 or so words. Here's my uninspiring "5-page board book" of The Hunger Games:
Katniss is a skilled hunter with trust issues.
Peeta can decorate a cake like nobody's business.
Katniss and Peeta have to fight in the Hunger Games.
They fight for themselves. Children murder other children.
Katniss and Peeta fight for each other.
There, see? I just wrote a synopsis. You can do it, too. Try this method—it's less painful than gauging your eyes out with a pipe cleaner.
Optional Part One: Pick a Disney movie. Find all the Disney-sponsored books you can about that movie. Chapter books, novels, story books, picture books, coloring books, story books. Read them.
Optional Part Two: Write your own 5-page board books of your favorite books or movies. Then try it out on your own stories.
Non-negotiable Part One Point Five: Enjoy yourself. If you aren't having fun, pick a different hobby, like coil-building clay pots or macramé.


Our devotion to Love, are we to veil this delight?
it is You who awakens the shining within us & makes our hearts glad.
Your own Radiance is the Eternal Planting of Light in our hearts.
-- what matter when it is all You... You... You!
She has Her being way above all this. Her Ether (Her true Nature) permeates everything from the grossest matter to the more Sublime refined energy that we feel as uncomparable Love in our being. She is even more than all that we can ever utter.
She is everything. For those who vibrate in their bodies, she is Mother Nature. For those who are developing their psychic abilities at this physical level, She becomes Gaia, the Divine Celestial Body, the mother of all living. As the spiritual energy becomes more refined She takes a more spiritual identity. At the Heart level She is Mary the Mother of Christ. When the mental and heart combine She becomes the Sophia of wisdom. For the mystics She is the Lover of our soul. And again She is more, much more.
It is when we discover our true Essence that we know that She has no body, no identity, is only pure Love, a River flowing toward a Focus point of Divinity of Unity.


As the dust from the holiday season settles, many people find themselves exploring the possibilities of their new Windows XP systems. While we certainly expect folks to be taking full advantage of this product already, some tips and tricks directly from the software designers should be very useful. Whether allowing people to do things they didn't know were possible or making everyday tasks that much more simple and quick, we believe some useful tips and tricks will be appreciated.
Please note that some of these tips may require you to use a Registry Editor (regedit.exe) or, under the Windows XP Professional only, the Local Group Policy Editor (gpedit.msc), which could render your system unusable. Thus, none of these tips are supported in any way: Use them at your own risk. Also note that most of these tips will require you to be logged on with Administrative rights.
For more tips, check out my own set of Windows Tips 'n' Tricks and Microsoft's set of Office XP Tips!
Speed Up Those Searches New!
Windows can create an index of the files on your computer to speed up searching. To create this index, open Search, then choose Change preferences and then With Indexing Service (for faster local searches).
"Go" Places Quicker on the Internet New!
Many common Internet searches can be performed quickly using the "go" shortcut. For example, if you open Search in Internet Explorer and type go yellow pages, the page will jump to a form where you can lookup a business phone number. Likewise, typing go email automatically brings up a form for searching for a person's email. You can even type go yellow pages Acme Corp to automatically search for the phone number of a company called Acme Corp. And you can type go amzn to look up the value of a stock quote (in this case Amazon's).
- Using capitalization can result in better performance when using Search Companion. For instance, Mary Smith may produce better results than mary smith.
- If you didn't find what you wanted on the first search engine, choose Automatically send your search to other search engines to submit your search to other engines that are appropriate for your query.
- If you like having an animated character, but want to use a different one, choose Change Preferences, then With a different character to choose the helper you like.
- Clicking mode, where you click the on-screen keys.
- Scanning mode, where you press a hot key or use a switch-input device to type highlighted characters.
- Hovering mode, where you use a mouse or joystick to point to a key, which is then typed.
1. Right-click the desktop and choose New, then Shortcut.
2. Type osk, click Next.
3. Type a name for the shortcut, and then click Finish.
For some people, pushing CTRL, ALT and Delete (CTRL+ALT+DEL) at the same time can be an inconvenience, if not a complete impossibility. With Windows XP, there are two ways to get around this.
- Open Control Panel then User Accounts.
- Navigate to the Advanced tab.
- Uncheck the Require users to press Ctrl+Alt+Delete checkbox under Secure Logon.
- Bring up the Accessibility Control panel and navigate to the Keyboard tab.
- Navigate to the General Tab.
- Check Apply all settings to logon desktop.
1. Click Start, then Control Panel, and then click Appearance and Themes.
2. Click the Display icon, then the Appearance tab, and then Effects.
3. Click the Use the following method to smooth edges of screen fonts check box and select ClearType from the list.
1. Open Windows Movie Maker.
2. Click View and then Options.
3. Uncheck Automatically create clips.
Now, import the movie file that has interference and drag it onto the timeline. Then save the movie. During the re-rendering, the interference will be removed.
Set your own Album Art for your media folders and Media Player for Windows XP (MPXP). If you don't like the album art or have a folder of downloaded music that you want to add art to, you can simply select any graphic from your browser, save it inside the folder you want, and call it Folder.jpg. Now when you play any music that resides in that folder, the Media Player will automatically pick it up and display that as album art.
If you have numerous files to rename, select a group of photos, then rename the FIRST one and the rest will follow.
Find that you need more space for thumbnails and would like to turn the file names off? Hold down shift when you open a folder or when you switch into thumbnail view. This will turn of the file names, giving more space for the thumbnails. Doing it again turns them back on.
In any My Computer window, select View, then Arrange Icons by, then Type. Then, select View, Arrange Icons by, and then Show in Groups. If you prefer Details view, you can right-click on the column header in and choose the columns you want displayed. And you can drag and drop the column headers to reorder them.
Do you want to quickly map a network drive, but can't find the toolbar button? If you map drives often, use one of these options to add a Map Drive button to the folder toolbar in My Computer.
1. Open My Computer, right-click the toolbar, then unlock the toolbars, if necessary.
2. Right-click the toolbar again and click Customize.
into the position you want on the right under Current toolbar buttons.
4. Click Close, click OK, and then click OK again.
You now have a drive mapping buttons on your My Computer toolbar, so you can map drives from any folder window. To unmap drives, follow the above procedure, selecting Disconnect under Available toolbar buttons.
Right-click My Computer and choose Map Network Drive. If you place your My Computer icon directly on the desktop, you can make this move in only two clicks! Otherwise, you can right-click the My Computer icon in the Start Menu.
- Typing CTRL-I in the picture viewer will bring up the property sheet for the image (doesn't work in slide show).
- Typing DEL in the picture viewer will delete.
Add a new DWORD value called ThumbnailSize and give it a hexidecimal value that is between 32 and 256, inclusive (that is, the lowest possible value is 32 and the highest is 256): A value of 32 will give you the smallest possible thumbnails, and 256 will give you the biggest. Experiment a bit to find your sweet spot.
Are you more comfortable performing a task with the familiar Windows Classic user interface than you are with Windows XP's new interface? You can quickly switch the user interface to the familiar Windows Classic appearance on your computer if it helps you remember a task in your operating system or program. Then, you can go back to the original Windows look with a couple of clicks. Here's how.
1. Right-click on a blank area of the desktop, then click Properties.
2. Click the Appearance tab.
3. On the Windows and Buttons menu, select Windows Classic, then Click OK.
1. Right-click the Start button, and then click Properties.
2. Click the Classic Start menu choice.
3. Click the Customize button to select items to display on the Start menu.
Also: By default, selecting the Classic Start menu also adds the My Documents, My Computer, My Network Places, and Internet Explorer icons to your desktop. If you don't want this, right-click a blank area of the Desktop, choose Properties, and then navigate to the Desktop page. Click Customize Desktop to determine which icons are shown on the desktop.
1. Right-click the column header of the files list, and then click one of the fields listed, or click More.
2. In the Choose Details dialog box, you can reorganize the order of column headers, specify column widths, and add columns to display details for the files in that folder.
When you click the new column header, the width of the selected column is displayed in pixels in the Choose Details dialog box.
1. Right-click a newly created folder, and then click Properties.
2. Click the Customize tab.
3. In the Use this folder type as a template list, click the template type you want to apply, and then click OK.
Now, when you open the new folder, it will contain a hyperlinked task list common to the type of folder you selected as the template.
1. Right-click an empty spot on your desktop and then click Properties.
2. Click the Screen Saver tab.
3. In the Screen saver list, click My Pictures Slideshow.
4. Click Settings to make any adjustments, such as how often the pictures should change, what size they should be, and whether you'll use transition effects between pictures, and then click OK.
Now your screen saver is a random display of the pictures taken from your My Pictures folder.
Do you have a favorite application that you frequently use? If so, you can elevate its priority on the Start menu by putting it at the top of the list. This ensures that the program will remain on the Start menu and cannot be bumped by other programs, even if you use the others more frequently.
Right-click the link to your favorite program on the Start menu and select Pin to Start Menu.
Your program will be moved permanently to the top part of the list, just below your browser and e-mail programs.
Then, add a new String Value called Use Search Asst and set the Data Value to No.
Add a Dword Value called NoLowDiskSpaceChecks and set the Data Value to 1 to turn it off.
Note that this change requires a log off or reboot to work.
To configure your Places bar (Professional Edition only) in XP's common dialogs, and make it easier to open files from common locations, you need to edit a local policy. Here's how.
Now, set this new key to 2 or the number of windows for each application you want to have on the screen before they are clustered together on the taskbar. You must either kill explorer and re-launch it, or logoff and log back in before this will take affect.
Then, created a new DWORD value named EnableBalloonTips and set it to 0x00000000.
Windows XP enhanced the functionality of the Address bar to make it easier to launch your favorite programs. You can add the Address bar to the taskbar on the bottom of your desktop. Then you can launch programs simply by entering their names in the Address bar. For example, to launch Calculator, simply enter calc in the Address bar. Anything you would normally enter in the Run box on the Start menu can be entered in the Address bar. The Address bar also lets you quickly go to any Web page you specify.
1. Right-click an empty area on the taskbar.
2. Point to Toolbars, and then click Address.
Open the Address bar by double-clicking it.
1. Click Start, click Control Panel, click Performance and Maintenance, and then click Power Options.
2. Click the Hibernate tab, and then select the Enable hibernate support check box. If the Hibernate tab is not available, your hardware does not support this feature.
3. Click OK to close the Power Options dialog box.
Note: When you put your computer into hibernation, everything in computer memory is saved on your hard disk. When you turn the computer back on, all programs and documents that were open when you turned the computer off are restored on the desktop.
Is your Quick Launch toolbar missing from the taskbar? To display the familiar Quick Launch toolbar, right-click an empty area on the taskbar, click Toolbars, and then click Quick Launch. Easy as that your Quick Launch bar appears. To add items to your Quick Launch toolbar, click the icon for the program you want to add, and drag it to the Quick Launch portion of the taskbar.
If you have multiple users logged on to your machine, you can bypass the Welcome screen to switch users by going to the User tab in Task Manager, right click on a user and choose Connect.
Simply open the Start Menu and drag the Run option on to your desktop. You may want to rename it to get rid of the ampersand. Now you will be able to double-click the "Run" icon on your desktop to go directly to the Run dialog.


Microsoft's Surface tablet isn't the Apple iPad, so it shouldn't be priced like one.
Today, everyone sighed in relief when Microsoft revealed its Surface tablet pricing. Apparently, I'm the only one who thinks these prices are too high across the board.
The 32GB is $499 with no keyboard or an additional $119 to $129 (depending on the color) bundled with the cover, which probably costs all of $7 to manufacture in China. The loaded 64GB model comes with a cover for $699.
Yes, if this was an Apple product, it would be priced similarly. But it isn't, and to compete with an Apple product, it must be priced aggressively lower. Apple always prices at a premium. It has made an art out of premium prices. Microsoft has not and cannot price the same way.
To make matters worse, the prices are for the ARM-based RT tablet.
Considering the fact that Microsoft will probably sell most of these devices in its own stores, the company can afford to trim the profit margins and price the devices aggressively. But no, it is swinging for the fences. Who knows how costly the actual Windows 8 version will be.
Here's how the RT device should be priced: $299 for the 32GB model with keyboard cover plus an option with promotional discounts to bring it to $249. The loaded 64GB model should cost $399, with promotions to get it to $349.
That's it. Now I'll buy one.
Microsoft, which is still amateurish when it comes to direct sales to the public, is also making the classic Microsoft mistake of projecting failure. It does this constantly in its advertising.
Two examples that come to mind are the Vista ad which showed the futuristic secret OS that got everyone worked up. "This is great. I want one," everyone said. Then the company revealed it was actually Vista and not something for the future. This sent the message that Microsoft screwed up the marketing somehow.
Another ad portrayed various idiots so enamored with their phones that they were getting injured because the phone was so compelling. The Microsoft phone was nothing like that. In fact, the ad made it seem that it wasn't even remotely interesting.
Microsoft has made the rookie mistake of pricing the product too high initially. I assure you it will quickly lower the cost, which will make the public think, "Oh, it must not be selling. It must be a dog. I won't buy one now."
This sort of product should be priced on the learning curve, which is a future lowest-price where all the manufacturing discounts kick in. But to fully understand how that works, Microsoft needs someone who was in the hard disk business, which constantly priced for the future cost of manufacturing. Whatever the case, the Surface tablet will not sell at its listed price unless people take a liking to the new interface, and there is no evidence that they will.


Rivalries in Dota 2 between teams are somewhat rare. Not because players don't have beef with each other, but because the length of time the same group of players stay on one team is usually limited and patch changes often see the rise and fall of teams rather quickly. Due to these factors, rivalries often aren't as noticeable and are easily forgotten. Even so there are still rivalries in Dota 2 that span years and Team Liquid is right in the center of a few of them.
During our iconic lower bracket run at TI7 we played some games that gave everyone watching heart palpitations. Team Secret pushed us to the edge, we broke the record of longest game ever played at The International against Virtus Pro, and then we had to take down both of LGD's teams just to make it to the grand finals. While TI7 will always be remembered for our lower bracket run, the individual teams we faced have much more significance than first meets the eye.
There is one other interesting tidbit of information we discovered while writing this article. Of all the DPC Major's that have taken place up to this point, TL, VP, Secret, and PSG.LGD have won all but two of them.
Kuroky and Puppey have an intertwined history in Dota 2. They both played on Na`Vi back in 2013 and were a part of what would become known as El Classico to Dota fans around the world. They finished 2nd together at TI3 and while they went their separate ways, they reunited on Team Secret where they once again became one of the strongest teams in the world, with Kuroky being widely regarded as the best carry player in the scene at the time. He was partnered with one of the greatest captains the game has ever known, Puppey, and there is little doubt that some of Kuroky's great leadership was learned from playing with him. After Kuroky left Team Secret he created his own team, that team would go on to become Team Liquid and it would immediately lead to the two teams meeting in the finals of the Shanghai Major. The two squads have played against each other many times over the past two years with Team Secret taking the edge overall.
However, when Secret and Liquid met in the lower bracket at TI7 it was Liquid that came out on top. Team Secret may have been the real starting point for our miraculous lower bracket run in retrospect, MC has stated that being able to take the win over Team Secret is what helped him personally recover; "Winning over Secret helped me recover a lot. I was kind of desperate after losing to IG so after the win against Secret I was very confident in myself." We've played Secret a handful of times since then and they have remained a tough opponent, trading wins back and forth across multiple events.
At the upcoming DreamLeague Major we've been placed into the same group together for the first time in what seems like ages. Our performance against Team Secret is also a likely indicator of how well we tend to do in a tournament, which makes our matchup against them in the group stage all the more important. If we can beat them convincingly, we may also be looking at our 2nd Major championship of the DPC.
It may have been done with our old NA roster but our victory over LGD at TI3 was a defining moment in Dota 2, not just for Team Liquid but for North American Dota as a whole. It was a true David vs Goliath story when we took on one of the tournament favourites in a bo1 elimination match. LGD was expected to be one of the top teams at the event, lead by "the director" Xiao8, and yet we found ourselves overcoming one of the most one-sided matchups of the entire event and made it into the top 8. While this win itself wasn't enough to kickstart a rivalry between our organizations it serves as an important building block and contributes greatly to the storied past of both sides.
After our victories over Team Secret and Virtus Pro at TI7 we found ourselves up against what many fans dubbed "the great wall of China". LGD, LGD.Forever Young, and Newbee remained between us and the Aegis. After their defeat, PSG.LGD emerged as the strongest team in China and along with that title came many more run-ins with us. While we beat them at StarLadder, they repaid the favor during DAC 2018 and Epicenter XL. At TI8 it was PSG.LGD who sent us to the lower bracket, effectively stopping us from claiming back-to-back championships.
Throughout many years and many different iterations of our teams, we've clashed with PSG.LGD.Sometimes we win and sometimes we lose, but these moments have gone down in the annals of Dota 2's history all the same.
Our rivalry with Virtus Pro started in 2016 when both teams began their rise to power, Team Liquid at the start of the year, and VP near the end of it. Whenever our teams collided during a tournament it would often result in some of the best games of the entire event. Both teams were virtually unstoppable and specialized in winning their lanes, and taking unbelievable team fights. This was true when we met them at Epicenter, TI7, The Bucharest Major, DreamLeague Season 8, and more than ever in the grand finals of the SuperMajor.
Nothing highlights this more than our record breaking match against them at TI7 which lasted for 103 minutes, had 89 kills, and no one could tell who was going to win until VP's Ancient exploded. Every single time TL runs into Virtus Pro during a tournament there is no telling who will come out the victor. For a period of time there was no one besides us who could stop VP as they rolled through opponents one after another. With the two sides often trading blows, it is no wonder that Virtus Pro's name comes up whenever we think of some of our greatest victories, and also some of our more crushing defeats. For as long as we have tried to remain at the top of competitive Dota, Virtus Pro have been there too, neither team ever getting too far ahead of the other.


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James Passes Jordan to Become AllTime Playoff Scoring Leader
The Cleveland Cavaliers pose with their trophy after winning Game 5 of the NBA basketball Eastern Conference finals (AP Photo/Elise Amendola)BOSTON (AP) — The NBA Finals has its first "three-match," courtesy of the King who passed His Airness.LeBron James scored 35 points and passed Michael Jordan to become the NBA's all-time playoff scoring leader as the Cleveland Cavaliers beat the Boston Celtics 135-102 on Thursday night to claim their third straight Eastern Conference title and another trip to the NBA Finals to meet the Golden State Warriors.Kyrie Irving added 24 points and Kevin Love finished with 15 for the Cavs, who never trailed and led by as many as 39 points in one of their most dominating wins of the series. The Cavs set an NBA record by winning their 13th consecutive series closeout opportunity.Cleveland's 4-1 series win gives it a 12-1 record this postseason and sets up a third consecutive matchup with Western Conference champion Golden State, the team it beat in the Finals last season to claim the franchise's first championship."I wear the number because of Mike," James said. "I think I fell in love with the game because of Mike, just because of what he was able to accomplish. When you're watching Michael Jordan, it's almost like a god. So, I didn't think I could be Mike."It will mark the seventh straight trip to the Finals for James, who hit a 3-pointer late in in the third quarter to nudge past Jordan on the playoff scoring list. He quickly flashed one finger as he backpedaled down the court.In the postgame trophy presentation backstage, James spent most of it lingering in the background as his teammates celebrated.But there's no denying that his accolades are putting him in the orbit of Jordan, his boyhood idol."The biggest thing is I did it just being me, I don't have to score the ball to make an impact on the basketball game," James said. "That was my mindset. If I'm not scoring the ball, how can I still make an impact on the game?"As much as this series was about James, Irving helped turn the tide of the series with a 42-point effort in Game 4. But he said both he and his teammates continue to be inspired by their leader."He's been the driving force, this entire playoff run, and all of us have just helped us along the way," Irving said.Coach Tyronn Lue said they've gotten tighter this season."This team is a crazy team. They just stayed resilient all year, got to the playoffs, and we really stepped our game up," he said. "Now, we can start focusing on Golden State to get ready. As of tonight, I'll get started."Avery Bradley led Boston with 23 points.The Cavaliers basically conceded the East's top seed to the Celtics at the end of the regular season by opting to rest their starters in advance of the playoffs. But they displayed their superiority over the final two games to wrap up the series.After allowing the Celtics to seize the early momentum in Game 4, the Cavs barely gave them a chance in Game 5.Led by its Big Three, Cleveland quickly built a 21-point lead in the first quarter, while getting lots of contributions from their teammates.Love continued to knock down shots from the outside, Irving sliced his way into the lane to the rim and James got free for several of his one-handed tomahawk dunks.It was a very welcome sight in Irving's case, after he rolled his left ankle in the third quarter of Cleveland's Game 4 win. He showed no signs of lingering issues, though, beating several defenders off the dribble and handing out seven assists.Meanwhile, J.R. Smith and Kyle Korver helped spread out Boston's defenders by connecting on several wide-open scoring opportunities.Deron Williams, who had been quiet for most of the series, also got in on the act with a series-best 14 points for Cleveland.TIP-INSCavaliers: James has scored 30 or more points in 11 of Cleveland's 13 games this postseason. … Improved to 36-5 against Eastern Conference opponents in the playoffs since 2015. … The 43 points Cleveland scored in the first quarter set a team postseason record for a quarter.Celtics: Never led at home in the series. … Finished the playoffs having made at least 10 3-pointers in 16 of their 18 games. … Held a pregame moment of silence for the victims of the Manchester bombing.MAKING PROGRESSThe Celtics did their best to keep up, but the consistent outside shooting, bench scoring and defense they relied on to stun Cleveland in Game 3 wasn't there Thursday night.Celtics coach Brad Stevens said though he's disappointed with how the season ended, he's encouraged that no one in Boston's locker room is satisfied just making it to the conference finals."I told our guys, 'We made a lot of great strides, but this pain is part of the path to what we ultimately want to be,'" he said.SHOWING SUPPORTInjured Celtics point guard Isaiah Thomas was in attendance Thursday night and gathered with his teammates in a huddle before they took the court for pregame warmups.The two-time All-Star was sidelined in Game 2 after aggravating a hip injury. read more
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San Diego public schools lose funding to charter schools
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California Governor Reappoints Members to Military Council
Dan Cohen	AUTHOR California Gov. Jerry Brown (D) this week re-appointed 19 members to the Governor's Military Council, a body he established in 2013 to strengthen the state's support for the military."California plays a crucial role in our nation's defense, and military bases and activities are vital to our state's economy," Brown said when he created the body three years ago. "As federal priorities shift to cyber security and new military technology, this council will work to expand defense industry jobs and investment in California," he said.The governor also appointed two new members. The council is led by Ellen Tauscher, a former Democratic member of Congress and undersecretary of state. The vice chair is Edward Hanlon Jr., president of Transatlantic Insights LLC and a former top executive at Raytheon.Other members include Dennis Kenneally, executive director of the Southwest Defense Alliance, and Philip Coyle, a former Pentagon test director and member of the 2005 BRAC Commission.California is home to more than 30 installations. The council is aimed at protecting the state's installations and operations amid cuts in defense spending, and leveraging changes in DOD's military strategy to position the state to continue innovation and leadership in its military mission.Last June, the council released a report outlining steps the state should pursue to enhance California's defense missions and their benefits to the state's economy. The report's recommendations included:actively engaging federal decision-makers to shape defense budget and policy proposals;partnering with other states to strengthen integration of the Southwest defense testing and training complex;supporting the aerospace industry, military contractors and other entities that sustain national defense activities in addition to conventional installations;maintaining bipartisan support in California's national security mission;encouraging installations to partner with local governments and companies to reduce operational costs;strengthening incentives for veterans and discharging service members to stay in California;assisting installations to expand renewable energy and other shared energy priorities; andhelping installations secure reliable water supplies amidst drought and climate change. read more
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NBCUniversal streaming service to launch in April
Now playing: Watch this: Share your voice Top 5 unanswered questions about Apple TV Plus 1 50 Photos Comment 2:21 2019 TV shows you can't miss NBCUniversal is working on its own streaming service. SOPA Images/Getty NBCUniversal, a streaming service from Comcast, will launch in April, NBCUniversal CEO Steve Burke said during a Comcast earnings call Thursday.The service, which will reportedly be ad-supported, has been expected and caused some consternation among fans of The Office, when it was announced in June that the show would be leaving Netflix for the NBC platform in 2021.There's no shortage of companies getting into the streaming business. Both Apple and Disney, for instance, are working on platforms. Originally published at 7:09 a.m. PT.Update 7:20 a.m. PT: Adds additional information about streaming platforms. Tags Digital Media read more
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N Korea says still open to talks
This combination of pictures created on 24 May 2018 shows US president Donald Trump speaking to the media as he makes his way to board Marine One at the White House on 23 May 2018 in Washington, DC, and an undated picture released from North Korea`s official Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) on 18 May 2018 of North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un speaking while attending the first Enlarged Meeting of the 7th Central Military Commission of the Workers` Party of Korea (WPK) in Pyongyang. Photo: AFPNorth Korea responded on Friday with measured tones to US president Donald Trump's decision to call off a historic summit with leader Kim Jong Un scheduled for next month, saying Pyongyang hoped for a "Trump formula" to resolve the standoff over its nuclear weapons programme.On Thursday, Trump wrote a letter to Kim to announce his withdrawal from what would have been the first-ever meeting between a serving US president and a North Korean leader in Singapore on 12 June."Sadly, based on the tremendous anger and open hostility displayed in your most recent statement, I feel it would be inappropriate, at this time, to have this long-planned meeting," Trump wrote.Trump's announcement came after repeated threats by North Korea to pull out of the summit over what it saw as confrontational remarks by US officials.Friday's response by North Korean vice foreign minister Kim Kye Gwan was more conciliatory, specifically praising Trump's efforts."We have inwardly highly appreciated president Trump for having made the bold decision, which any other US presidents dared not, and made efforts for such a crucial event as the summit," Kim said in a statement carried by state media."We even inwardly hoped that what is called "Trump formula" would help clear both sides of their worries and comply with the requirements of our side and would be a wise way of substantial effect for settling the issue," he said without elaborating.North Korea has sharply criticised suggestions by Trump's national security adviser John Bolton and vice president Mike Pence that it could share the fate of Libya if it did not swiftly surrender its nuclear arsenal. Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi was deposed and murdered by NATO-backed militants after halting his nascent nuclear programme.Trump had initially sought to placate North Korea, saying that he was not pursuing the "Libya model" in getting the North to abandon its nuclear weapons program. White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders also said: "This is the president Trump model. He's going to run this the way he sees fit."Kim Kye Gwan said its recent criticisms against certain US officials had just been a reaction to unbridled American rhetoric, and that the current antagonism showed "the urgent necessity" for the summit."His sudden and unilateral announcement to cancel the summit is something unexpected to us and we cannot but feel great regret for it," Kim Kye Gwan said, while noting that North Korea remained open to resolving issues with Washington "regardless of ways at any time"."The first meeting would not solve all, but solving even one at a time in a phased way would make the relations get better rather than making them get worse. The US should ponder over it," Kim said.Nuclear Site DecommissionedTrump's letter came just after North Korea announced it had completely dismantled its Punggye-ri nuclear test facility "to ensure the transparency of discontinuance of nuclear test".Footage of the event broadcast by South Korean media showed explosions throwing huge clouds of dust and debris as they destroyed tunnel entrances as well as multiple wooden structures around the site.Other images showed North Korean officials displaying a map of the site, including several major tunnel complexes they said were unused and completely operational prior to being collapsed.Analysts worried the cancelling of the talks could prompt resumption in hostilities on the Korean peninsula, including renewed shorter-range missile tests or stepped-up cyber-attacks by Pyongyang and increased sanctions or deployment of new military assets by Washington.Trump, in scrapping the 12 June summit in Singapore, sounded a bellicose note, warning Kim of the United States' greater nuclear might, reminiscent of the president's tweet last year asserting that he had a "much bigger" nuclear button than Kim.Speaking later, Trump said the US military stood ready if Kim were to take any "foolish" action, and that the United States would continue its "maximum pressure" campaign of sanctions to press North Korea to give up its nuclear weapons.South Korean president Moon Jae-in, who worked hard to help set up the summit and urged Trump at a White House meeting on Tuesday not to let a rare opportunity slip away, said he was "perplexed" by the cancellation. He urged Trump and Kim to talk directly.US secretary of State Mike Pompeo and his South Korean counterpart, Kang Kyung-wha, held a phone call and agreed to continue working towards creating the right conditions for the United States and North Korea to talk, the South's foreign ministry said in a statement on Friday.Pyongyang had not responded in recent days to queries by the United States about the leaders' summit, Pompeo told a Senate hearing.Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono said Tokyo understands Trump's decision to cancel the Singapore summit, Kyodo News reported."It's meaningless to have talks that don't achieve results," Kono told reporters on a visit to Mexico City, the news agency said.Japanese defence minister Itsunori Onodera also played down the significance of the cancelled meeting."The important thing is not the US-North Korea meeting itself, but that the meeting becomes an opportunity to move forward in the issues of denuclearisation and abductions," he told reporters in Toyko.
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The East Anglia housing market has seen the first increase in supply in a year, according to the RICS UK Residential Market Survey in February 2016. Although it was a marginal increase of just 5% more surveyors reporting a pick-up in new instructions, this was similar to the national trend of 7%.
As overall activity in the UK housing market gathers pace, newly agreed sales in the East rose with 12% more surveyors reporting an increase in February, building on the positive picture that has started to develop over the previous three months. This upward trend is expected to continue across East Anglia with 39% more surveyors anticipating an increase in sales over the next three months.
Prices continue to rise with 91% more surveyors reporting an increase over the last three months, and a net balance of 35% more surveyors expecting to see further price rises over the next three months. This extends a very long period of uninterrupted price increases dating back to early 2013, highlighting the tightness of the market across East Anglia. This is the sharpest price rise in the UK.


In Chicago and in front of Lake Michigan lies Seawall. It is a concrete transitioned wall, which runs along the back of the John G. Shedd Aquarium along the Lake.
It is not very easy to get there, so it is suggested to ask directions for the aquarium and when you reach it, walk behind it to find the spot. Although it is not a traditional skatepark or even a skatepark, skateboarding enthusiasts will have a blast. The spot is rough and pretty hard to skate. It is dangerous, due to the chance of your board going into the water. The entire surface is concrete and as for skateboarding features, you will meet a vertical ramp, curb, rails and stairs.
The best point to skate is at the far end of the aquarium, where you will enjoy all the run up you need on going straight into the wall and some large block stairs, as well as a round drain, which runs into the transition for more creative possibilities.
Chicago Seawall, as it is also known, is made for daring skateboarders who flout danger and are ready to conquer this concrete seawall.


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Q: Delphi Polymorphism using a "sibling" class type We have an app that makes fairly extensive use of TIniFile. In the past we created our own descendant class, let's call it TMyIniFile, that overrides WriteString. We create one instance of this that the entire app uses. That instance is passed all around through properties and parameters, but the type of all of these is still TIniFile, since that is what it was originally. This seems to work, calling our overridden method through polymorphism, even though all the variable types are still TIniFile. This seems to be proper since we descend from TIniFile.
Now we are making some changes where we want to switch TMyIniFile to descend from TMemIniFile instead of TIniFile. Those are both descendants of TCustomIniFile. We'll also probably be overriding some more methods. I'm inclined to leave all the declarations as TIniFile even though technically our class is no longer a descendant of it, just to avoid having to change a lot of source files if I don't need to.
In every tutorial example of polymorphism, the variable is declared as the base class, and an instance is created of the descendant class and assigned to the variable of the base class. So I assume this is the "right" way to do it. What I'm looking at doing now will end up having the variables declared as, what I guess you'd call a "sibling" class, so this "seems wrong". Is this a bad thing to do? Am I asking for trouble, or does polymorphism actually allow for this sort of thing?

A: TIniFile and TMemIniFile are distinct classes that do not derive from each other, so you simply cannot create a TMemIniFile object and assign it to a TIniFile variable, and vice versa.  The compiler won't let you do that.  And using a type-cast to force it will be dangerous.
You will just have to update the rest of your code to change all of the TIniFile declarations to TCustomIniFile instead, which is the common ancestor for both classes.  That is the "correct" thing to do.

A: The compiler is your friend - why would you lie to it by using the wrong type ... and if you do lie to it why would you expect it to know what you want it to do?
You should use a base class that you derive from, like TCustomIniFile.  I would expect compile issues if you are trying to make assignments which are known at compile time to be wrong.
The different classes have different signatures so the compiler needs to know which class it is using to call the correct method or access the correct property.  With virtual methods the different classes setup their own implementation of those methods so that the correct one is called - so using a pointer to a base type when you call the virtual method it calls that method in the derived type because it is in the class vtable.
So if the code does compile, it's very likely that the compiler will not be doing the right thing ...

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Climate change: A hot topic
Lee Piltz
Early on in September, the United States of America and the People's Republic of China both formally joined the Paris global climate agreement. This agreement is the first of its kind and will only take effect legally once 55 countries ratify it. In early October, it was announced that carbon dioxide crossed the 400 parts per million mark in our atmosphere. Right now, climate is a hot topic and humans, as a species, need to be aware of what the planet is going through.
Parts per million is a measure of concentration by volume of one part of a gas per million parts of air. Basically, for every million air molecules that you examine, on average you should find around 400 PPM carbon dioxide molecules. Jennifer Schmidt, assistant professor of natural resource management and policy at UAA, anticipates carbon dioxide emissions are more likely level off than decrease.
"It's hard to see that it would actually go down. Hopefully, at some point it will start to level off," Schmidt said.
Our atmosphere has reached this amount in the past, but never in September. September is usually the month with the least amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. However, carbon dioxide levels did not dip below 400 PPM as they were expected to. A lot of climate scientists are predicting that we won't see carbon dioxide levels in our atmosphere below 400 PPM for a very long time, or even at all again. Carmen Field, an environment and society student at UAA, also shares this view.
Photo credit: Jian Bautista
"Right now, carbon emissions aren't really dialing back anymore. I don't think human's ways of life are ever going to change. We drive, we use electricity and all of that good stuff and that makes those greenhouse gasses… I believe that it won't become less than 400 PPM within the next 100 years, even if we do stop right now. It takes time to change our climate and get our Earth systems back to the balance that we humans are used to," Field said.
At this point, climate change is no longer up for debate. It is happening and humanity is the cause. Humans, as a species, are making their way to addressing the problem but it is slow going for society as a whole. The US joining with the Paris agreement is a step in the right direction. Field explains that on an individual level we can all chip in as well.
"If we don't make changes it's going to keep increasing. Things like what is happening with our climate is a normal part of Earth's system, but human activities are causing it to happen much faster," Field said. "If you can walk places, walk don't drive, carpool if you can, be very conscious of the heat you're using in your house. When you leave your house, maybe turn the thermostat down a bit. Plus, that saves you money also."
Even if we cannot completely reduce carbon dioxide emissions, humans can certainly try and level them off for the time being. Shannon Donovan, assistant professor and department chair of geography and environmental studies at UAA, explains that maybe someday we can reduce the carbon dioxide, but for now we have to try and level it off.
"Reducing is something that maybe could happen in the future. But right now we're trying to maintain and not continue to rise at the levels that we have been rising… Most of the science says we are maybe at this tipping point or maybe even past the tipping point. In which case, it would still continue to increase over time, but hopefully that rate at the very least can be slowed down," Donovan said.
This topic is often times depicted in a grim light and can shock people. This isn't to say that humans should give up on our planet. In fact, this information is very valuable in attempting to reduce the damage being done to our air. Donovan suggests that we should be alarmed, but not give up on the problem.
"People should be afraid, not in the way where they just throw their hands up and say, 'Well there's nothing that can be done.' But in a way that they are motivated and our policy makers put policies in place to make proactive change," Donovan said.
Only through action can people band together and tackle this problem. World leaders are doing their part to address the issue, and while it is slow going, we are making progress. Locally, you can do your part as well by being eco-friendly and attempting to reduce your carbon footprint.
Carmen Field
Paris global climate agreement
Shannon Donovan
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Monster Radio RX 93.1 or DWRX 93.1 FM previously was known as RX93 under the call sign DWEI, streaming live from Manila, Philippines. In 1983 the RX93 radio was rebranding as the Monster Radio RX93.1 and known by its call sign DWRX (DW Rated Xcellent) is owned by the Audiovisual Communicators Inc., one of registered Philippines broadcasting corporation and a member of the Kapisanan ng Mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas (KBP), the Philippines national broadcasting organization. The Monster Radio RX 93.1 is broadcasting urban contemporary, pop hit music, commentary and much more.
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The first advice anyone will ever give you after a breakup is to never ever talk to your ex again until the unsettling feeling of 'you have done the wrong thing' dies down. That's what I was told when my first serious relationship ended. I mean how difficult could it be to not talk to the person who hurt you? I thought I was strong enough to do that...only, I wasn't. Love does crazy things to you (yes, I am going to blame it on love).
Within just a few days, the longingness started to kick in. I couldn't look at any other guy the same way as him. In my mind, I had already declared that I only wanted him. So just a few weeks after our breakup, I called him up and asked him to meet me. He was confused about why I wanted to meet but agreed anyway. After I met him, I was all the more sure about my decision. Everything was perfect with him, we could laugh and talk and all those fights that led to our breakup didn't seem to matter a lot anymore. However, after talking a little more, I found out that he was clear that even though he still had some feelings for me, he did not want to get into a relationship again. Although hurt, I had expected something like this to happen, so I decided to play my second card. I proposed that we should become friends with benefits. He was shocked to say the least. 'Are you serious?' he asked. 'Yup, I mean, I want to be with you in some way and since we can't get into a relationship, I'd rather do this.' I replied. 'I don't want to do it. I know how things will go worse after we do that and I don't want to go down that lane.' he said.
'What lane are you talking about? It's just until we find someone better. We can be each other's rebound.' I tried to coax him into saying yes. He was hesitant but agreed later. What was my plan? To show him the fun side of our relationship and, eventually, get him back. I don't know what came over me but I could not imagine a life without him. And then began our 'friends with benefits' phase in life. Initially, it was tons of fun. We were carefree. Sneaking in and out of each other's houses, meeting secretly, even our friends didn't know anything about this. However, after a while, all those old feelings started to creep back in. Me wanting to know where he was or him getting jealous when I talked about another guy. All those fights which we had forgotten about were back and only became worse. This was the one thing he wanted to run away from. The commitment that I wanted was just too much for him and yet, he found himself at that exact position. So he left. However, this time, he left in the worst way possible. He didn't explain anything to me and didn't even say goodbye. Instead, he blocked me from everywhere and that was just that. For the next six months I had no idea where he was or what he was doing and to be honest, it killed me to not know. I was unwillingly put into a phase of insecurity and confusion. Never, even in my worst dream, would I want to return to that place. So there, my first and only 'friends with benefits' relationship put me in the most tumultuous emotional state of mind. But I guess, in retrospect, it was the only thing that pushed me far enough to finally move on.


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Fender Jag-Stang är en gitarr-modell från Fender Musical Instruments Corporation som kombinerar egenskaper från modellerna Fender Jaguar och Fender Mustang.

Kurt Cobain i grungebandet Nirvana gav sin idé till Fender som konstruerade två stycken vänsterhandsgitarrprototyper. En av dem har Cobain själv spelat på. Cobain ska ha skickat tillbaka gitarren ett par gånger till Fender för modifiering. Till slut tog han den med sig på den europeiska In Utero-turnén 1994, men spelade sällan på den.

Gitarren har en single coil, och Humbucker-pickuper). Halsen är en exakt kopia av halsen på Mustang. Den började produceras hösten 1995, efter Kurt Cobains död. År 2005 slutade Fender att producera Jag-Stang-gitarren. Idag tillverkar Fender Jag-stangs i Japan.

Kurts Sonic-blåa gitarr skänktes till Peter Buck i gruppen R.E.M. av Courtney Love efter Cobains död. Man kan se Buck spela på den i musikvideon till låten "What's the Frequency, Kenneth?". Mike Mills, också från R.E.M., spelar på den live med låten Let me in.

Elgitarrer tillverkade av Fender

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Dr. Lin received his Doctor of Dental Surgery degree from the University of Western Ontario Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry. After completing an advanced post-doctoral training in general dentistry at the Faxton St Luke's Healthcare, Dr. Lin continued his specialist residency training at St Barnabas Hospital where he focused his passion on dentofacial orthopedics and orthodontics. Dr. Lin is currently a board-certified orthodontist at the American Board of Orthodontics and is also an active member of the American Association of Orthodontics.
Growing up, his family did not have the knowledge or financial means to provide orthodontic care for him, despite his desire to fix his buck teeth. It was not until his mid-twenties did he save enough of his own money to afford orthodontic treatment to get the smile he had always wanted. With his personal experience as a patient, Dr. Lin is committed to educating his patients and to providing high standard and personalized orthodontic treatment to all his patient.
He currently lives in New York City with his wife. Together, they have a strong passion for culture and art, particularly photography and culinary art. He is a dedicated orthodontist by day and an avid photography by night. He has a strong passion for landscape photography and loves to go on road trips to immerse himself in the natural beauty of the world.


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Bariumstannat ist eine anorganische chemische Verbindung des Bariums aus der Gruppe der Stannate. Es existieren mit BaSnO3, Ba3Sn2O7 und Ba2SnO4 drei Oxostannat-(IV)-Verbindungen im BaO-SnO2-Binärsystem, aber als Bariumstannat wird normalerweise BaSnO3 bezeichnet, weil unter diesen BaSnO3 die bekannteste, die am besten untersuchte und die nützlichste Verbindung ist.

Gewinnung und Darstellung
Bariumstannat kann durch Reaktion von Zinn(IV)-oxidhydrat mit Bariumhydroxid bei 250 °C oder durch Reaktion von Bariumcarbonat mit Zinn(IV)-oxid bei 1200 bis 1400 °C gewonnen werden.
BaCO3 + SnO2 -> BaSnO3 + CO2

Ebenfalls möglich ist die Darstellung durch Reaktion von Bariumcarbonat mit Zinn(IV)-chlorid oder Zinn(IV)-oxid mit Bariumnitrat.
2 SnO2 + 2 Ba(NO3)2 -> 2 BaSnO3 + 4 NO2 + O2

Eigenschaften
Bariumstannat und sein Trihydrat sind weiße Feststoffe, die schwer löslich in Wasser sind. Er ist ein halbleitendes Oxid mit einer großen Bandlücke von mehr als 3,1 eV. Er besitzt eine kubische Kristallstruktur mit der .

Verwendung
Bariumstannat wird zur Herstellung von speziellen Keramikisolierungen, die dielektrischen Eigenschaften erfordern, eingesetzt.

Einzelnachweise

Bariumverbindung
Stannat


Cerrone started calling for a scrap with McGregor after he submitted Mike Perry last November, and then after he took out Alex Herandez last month, he did so again. That time, however, McGregor informed Cerrone he was up for the contest, and since then there's been a lot of speculation that the fight will happen.
There's that, and when Cerrone was asked for a prediction, he relayed a second round victory via head kick knockout.
Now of course, Cerrone could be just saying an interim title is in play when in fact it's not. But, if that does happen, it would be pretty puzzling to say the least. After all, you would think any bout for an interim title would need to involve Tony Ferguson – the man who last held that belt and in fact, never lost it in a fight.


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Defining Dentistry: What is a dental bridge?
Editor's note: This is another segment is a continuing series titled, "Defining Dentistry," designed to enlighten readers on various components of dentistry.
Happy March and it's almost the end of winter!
I swear our winters get more and more unpredictable. I am from Buffalo, so this weather is cake!
I hope you all are finding ways to stay fit and healthy. I love going to the gym in the winter. What do you like to do?
A dental bridge is a dental prosthetic that literally bridges or connects your teeth together.
Natural teeth or dental implants can support bridges.
A bridge is made up of two or more crowns on either side of the missing tooth area. These teeth anchor the bridge to the mouth.
In between the anchoring teeth are false floating teeth, called pontics, which replace the missing teeth. Bridges can replace one or more missing teeth. They stay in the mouth and do not require to be taken in and out like dentures. Bridges can be made of metal or different ceramic substrates.
If you are missing one or more teeth, you might need a bridge. When I am examining my patient, I usually look at the teeth surrounding the missing teeth area and plan from there.
Typically, it's recommended to have a clinical and X-ray examination. If the teeth surrounding the missing teeth site are all very healthy and untouched, I typically will recommend a dental implant since this does not require preparation of those teeth.
If teeth are previously crowned, have decay or previous root canal treatment, I am more likely to recommend a conventional dental bridge. If more than one tooth is missing and the areas are spread apart from one another, I may recommend a denture or several bridges or implants.
Patients with active periodontal disease and severe cavities should not get bridges until these problems are resolved. These treatment plan considerations are just a few dentists have in mind when recommending your proper treatment.
Depending on if your bridge is tooth supported or implant supported, the procedure for a bridge will be different. If you have natural teeth, your dentist will prepare the teeth and make room for the bridge material. If you have dental implants, abutments will be made with space for your bridge. Once this step is complete, the bridge procedure is the same.
An impression of the anchoring teeth or implant abutments will be made. This can be done digitally or with impression material.
This impression is then sent to a laboratory where they will take this information and fabricate a bridge according to your dentist prescriptions. Some dentists even have units that make bridges in their office, but this depends on the technology and materials on hand.
Once the bridge is back, your dentist will see how it fits. Once it is adjusted to clinical standards, your bridge will be cemented in your mouth.
I have a bridge, now what?
Congratulations, you now have a wonderful new prosthetic in your mouth that could last you a long time. Like anything else in the mouth, dental bridges are subject to dental decay and should be taken care of.
Special oral hygiene instructions for bridges include bridge flossing and using a Waterpik®. Bridge flossers allow patients to go underneath pontic sites to clean underneath the bridge. Waterpiks® help flush out underneath pontic sites as well and surrounding mouth structures.
Hopefully, this column has helped bridge the gap regarding your knowledge of dental bridges!
Have some questions to ask me in person? Call 315-724-3197 for a free consultation. I look forward to meeting you!
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