text:
Q: PyTorch nn.Linear layer output nan on well formed input and weights (repo for bug: https://github.com/zihualiu/pytorch_linear_bug)
I recently ran into a weird bug in Pytorch and I hope you can help me. In one of my networks I have a fully connected layer denoted as net.fc_h1. However during training, I realized this layer is outputing NaNs before activation. So I put it in pdb, hoping that it will yield me something. below is the logs:
# in network declaration:
def forward(self, obs):
    z1 = self.fc_h1(obs)
    if np.isnan(np.sum(z1.data.numpy())):
        pdb.set_trace()
    h1 = F.tanh(z1)
    ...

The NaN is indeed captured, but I realized in pdb if you ran the operation again, the result would be something salient:
(Pdb) z1.sum()
Variable containing:
nan
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) self.fc_h1(obs).sum()
Variable containing:
771.5120
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

When I checked to see if either my input or weights contains NaN, I get the following:
    (Pdb) self.fc_h1.weight.max()
    Variable containing:
     0.2482
    [torch.FloatTensor of size 1]
(Pdb) self.fc_h1.weight.mean()
Variable containing:
1.00000e-03 *
  1.7761
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) self.fc_h1.weight.min()
Variable containing:
-0.2504
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) obs.max()
Variable containing:
 6.9884
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) obs.min()
Variable containing:
-6.7855
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) obs.mean()
Variable containing:
1.00000e-02 *
 -1.5033
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]
(Pdb) self.fc_h1.bias.max()
Variable containing:
 0.2482
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) self.fc_h1.bias.mean()
Variable containing:
1.00000e-03 *
  3.9104
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

(Pdb) self.fc_h1.bias.min()
Variable containing:
-0.2466
[torch.FloatTensor of size 1]

It seems both the input, weight and bias are all in good shape. Any insight on how a linear layer can yield NaN if everything is well formed?
EDIT: More weirdness
So I tried to run the forward pass again, interestingly, multiple forward passes gives me different results:
(Pdb) self.fc_h1(obs)
Variable containing:
 2.2321e-01 -6.2586e-01 -1.9004e-01  ...  -4.2521e-01  8.6175e-01  8.6866e-01
-7.2699e-02  7.8234e-01 -5.8862e-01  ...   2.4041e-01 -1.7577e-01  6.9928e-01
-7.2699e-02  7.8234e-01 -5.8862e-01  ...   2.4041e-01 -1.7577e-01  6.9928e-01
                ...                   ⋱                   ...
-6.4686e-02 -1.5819e+00  5.7410e-01  ...  -6.4127e-01  5.2837e-01 -1.3166e+00
 3.9214e-01  2.8727e-01 -5.5699e-01  ...  -8.3164e-01 -5.1795e-01 -3.7637e-01
-9.6061e-01  1.4780e-01  5.3614e-02  ...  -1.5042e+00  6.0759e-02 -3.6862e-01
[torch.FloatTensor of size 4096x170]

(Pdb) self.fc_h1(obs)
Variable containing:
 2.2321e-01 -6.2586e-01 -1.9004e-01  ...  -4.2521e-01  8.6175e-01  8.6866e-01
-7.2699e-02  7.8234e-01 -5.8862e-01  ...   2.4041e-01 -1.7577e-01  6.9928e-01
-7.2699e-02  7.8234e-01 -5.8862e-01  ...   2.4041e-01 -1.7577e-01  6.9928e-01
                ...                   ⋱                   ...
        nan         nan         nan  ...          nan  5.2837e-01 -1.3166e+00
        nan         nan         nan  ...          nan -5.1795e-01 -3.7637e-01
        nan         nan         nan  ...          nan  6.0759e-02 -3.6862e-01
[torch.FloatTensor of size 4096x170]

I'm not using GPU either, just CPU.

A: For me, I was copying over code from the RNN name categorization example. I added the optimizer and criterion pattern whereas the example was doing things manually and updating weights by hand. I accidentally added a momentum value to the optimizer and that was what caused my problem. Setting momentum to the default value of 0 fixed it.


We are committed to maximising the learning opportunities for our students, with the support of parents. We strive for our students to be faith filled , confident, fully rounded lifelong learners. Our strong connection with parents and the parish ensure that every student feels safe, has a sense of belonging and is known by name and need.


text:
Laparoscopic Trans-Cystic Exploration for Single-Stage Management of Common Duct Stones and Acute Cholecystitis
Massimo Chiarugi, MD FACS, Christian Galatioto, MD, Piero Lippolis, MD, Luigi Decanini, MD, Adolfo Puglisi, MD, Chiara Bagnato, MD, Sonia Panicucci, MD, Marco Pelosini, MD, Pietro Iacconi, MD, Massimo Seccia, MD. Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
INTRODUCTION Common bile duct (CBD) stones are found in near 10% of patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery for symptomatic gallstone disease. For these patients laparoscopic trans-cystic exploration of the common duct (LTCE) with basket catheters has proved to be a safe and effective method to obtain CBD clearance. The occurrence of CBD stones ranges from 10 to 20% in patients presenting with acute cholecystitis (AC) but in this setting little is known about the feasibility and the effectiveness of LTCE as part of a single-stage laparoscopic procedure.
METHODS AND PROCEDURES We report the results of a prospective study based on a "laparoscopy first" policy for patients with gallstone disease and CBD stones. The study, started in 2003, includes n=201 subjects (n=104 females, n= 97 males) with a mean age of 65 yrs (range 23-100). N=104 patients underwent elective laparoscopic surgery (group A) whereas n=97 were admitted on a emergency basis for AC and had urgent laparoscopic surgery within 72 hours from the admission (group B). All patients had intra-operative cholangiograms confirming the diagnosis of CBD stones. LTCE, when not contra-indicated, was carried-out by using basket-wired catheters. Groups did not differ significantly for BMI, previous abdominal surgery and clinical evidence of obstructive jaundice at the time of surgery. Group B patients however were significantly elder (means, 68.4 vs. 62.1 yrs; p=.0045), had a higher proportion of females (56 vs. 41%; p=.00345) and included more patients in the ASA III and IV classes of risk (39 vs. 21%; p=.0006). Accomplishment of CBD clearance, operating time, conversion rate, overall morbidity and mortality, postoperative hospital stay, readmission rate and occurrence of residual CBD stones were the main outcome measures. Comparisons were made on intention-to-treat basis by using a statistical software.
RESULTS Clearance of CBD was obtained in 84% of patients of group A and in 80% of patients of group B (p=ns). For those patients in which LTCE failed (n=36; 18%) alternative procedures included laparoscopic choledochotomy and ERCP, but in n=16 a laparotomy was eventually required. Time spent in the theatre was significantly longer for group B patients (means, 175 vs. 141 minutes; p=.0003). There were no significant differences for postoperative hospital stay ( means, group A 4.9 vs. group B 5.2 days), readmission rate (group A 3.7 vs. group B 3.7%) and evidence of residual CBD stones (group A 2.8 vs. group B 3.1%). Need to convert and morbidity occurred more frequently in group B (11.7 vs. 4.6% and 28.7 vs. 16.8%, respectively) but differences were not significant. In group A, one patient died from MOFS.
CONCLUSIONS Patients presenting with CBD stones synchronous to AC may benefit from LTCE in a single-stage laparoscopic procedure. LTCE has proved to be a simple technique with a high yield of CBD clearance also in the acute setting. Courses are comparable to those observed for the same procedure in elective surgery despite the fact that acute patients are more at risk for drawbacks.
Session: SS18
Program Number: S105
« Return to SAGES 2011 abstract archive
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


From an Olympic level facility to a hobby barn for one or two horses, every barn requires an understanding of the unique needs of the owner. Precise will work with you directly to plan, design, construct, and complete your dream facility. Large or small, we do it all. Different equestrian disciplines carry different barn requirements. Precise has built facilities for all different disciplines and understands the needs each barn will require. Safety of the animals, efficiency of layout, ventilation, artistic impact, and architectural conformity to an existing property are all design concerns we factor into every project. At every step, in every way, we believe our customer's needs come first and we will make sure the design is your unique vision, not a one-size-fits-all package barn.


In the context of mental conditioning and sports psychology, I have often discussed and written about and coached athletes about vision. I want to spend some time identifying the various types of vision that I have found important to peak performance.
1. Visual Acuity: Let's be real. You must start here, of course. Most, if not all sports, require excellent visual acuity, or clarity of vision. Physically, athletes must be able to see and also have excellent hand/eye coordination. This ability allows a baseball player to hit a fastball, the quarterback to "thread the needle" when passing the football, or a ice hockey player to find his teammate for an assisted goal. Think: Ted Williams, Henry Aaron, Drew Brees, Wayne Gretzky.
2. Mental Clarity: Great athletes also have the gift of vision that refers to the concept of mental clarity. As with any type of goal, the more specific and clear the goal is, the more likely it is to be worked on and achieved. The clarity of the goal requires a high degree of specificity, "measurability," attainability, realism, timeliness and relevance. These characteristics of clarity are often referred to as SMART goals.
3. Long-Range - Seeing The Big Picture: This type of vision refers to the ability to conjure up a long-range vision of yourself and your abilities. It is what you strive for. If you can't see it in your mind's eye, you won't be able to achieve it. Some people call this the dream, the ultimate challenge or the end game. Think Muhammad Ali, of course.
4. Short-Range: Desired goals/objectives: this type of vision seems fairly obvious. It is the big picture broken down into chunks. However, I want to emphasize that it is an important part of any preparation that an athlete attempts. Any time spent in serious preparation must be tied to a set of smaller goals. This type of vision is associated with either developmental or performance goals.
Developmental goals are those that help determine practice or rehearsal activities. Performance goals are those that are associated with game or match performance activities.
5. Peripheral: this type of vision involves the awareness of your surroundings, teammates, opponents. It is the opposite of tunnel vision. This type of vision sees the whole field or court in real time. It goes beyond self-involvement. With this type of vision, the athlete is oriented in the moment, he/she is fully present and totally engaged. Think Leo Messi.
6. Intelligent (Sport-Specific): This type of vision requires the full understanding of the game itself, and an awareness of the need to identify, study and mastery various components of the game. With this type of vision, the athlete is able to conceptualize and have a mental model for their role and function as a teammate and the role and function of others. This is the type of vision that turns data into information, awareness into action. Think: Peyton Manning or Tim Duncan.
7. Anticipatory: This type of vision provides the ability to predict and see the court, the field, or the ice beyond the present or real time. It involves the skill of recognition. This ability is what Wayne Gretzky, the Hall of Fame professional hockey player called Fast Forwarding. The faster the recognition, the better the performance.
8. Intuitive: This type of vision requires a belief in the importance of tapping into consciousness, including the unconscious, preconscious and subconscious. It involves the ability to be psychologically-minded. This aspect of performance suggests that we have the ability to access seemingly inaccessible thoughts, skills, competencies, and abilities. This belief allows great athletes to obtain mentally and emotionally what they need to achieve and be successful especially when they need to be.
9. Instinctual: The type of vision allows us the self-knowledge and awareness to access and use what is "pre-wired" into us whether it be genetic, biological, evolutionary, or developmental. It helps us to access what we have inside of us. It allows us to use the gifts that we have been given. It taps into our athletic DNA, Great athletes can quickly identify patterns that they have seen before. It is an athletic sense of recognition.
10. Neural - Muscle Memory: This type of vision is critical and complementary to instinct. We can best utilize, develop and leverage our instinct by building our muscle memory. By understanding the importance of deliberate practice and rehearsal we can leverage and unlock what is programmed within us. This ability allows the athlete to recall and execute quickly and immediately perform what is required because it has been deeply encoded and learned fully. Think: Steph Curry.
11. Centering - Quieting the Cognitive Mind: This type of vision requires the development of mindfulness and the practice of sports-oriented meditation. Great athletes are able to reduce or eliminate chatter as they perform. Great athletes understand the need for removing cognitive barriers to performance. Quieting the chatter positions the athlete for success by establishing the requirements of being present and in the moment. Think Michael Phelps.
Can you see the importance of each of types of vision? Can you think of other examples of these types of vision? Can you think of other athletes that utilize each type of vision? Let me know what you think about these ideas. I look forward to your comments.


text:
[![npm version](https://badge.fury.io/js/ngrx-forms.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ngrx-forms)
[![Build Status](https://github.com/MrWolfZ/ngrx-forms/workflows/CI/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/MrWolfZ/ngrx-forms/actions?query=workflow:CI)
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[![Docs](https://readthedocs.org/projects/ngrx-forms/badge/?version=master)](http://ngrx-forms.readthedocs.io/en/master/?badge=master)
[![license](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](LICENSE)

**ngrx-forms** brings the strengths of the redux state management model to the world of forms in applications that are using Angular and ngrx. The mechanisms that Angular provides for working with forms are inherently mutable, local, and hard to debug. This library offers a different model for working with forms. Instead of storing the state of form controls inside the components we put them in the ngrx store. We update the state with actions which allows easy debugging just like any other redux application. **ngrx-forms** also provides powerful mechanisms to update, validate and generally manage large complex forms. It contains APIs for synchronous and asynchronous validation, creating dynamic forms, integrating with custom form elements, and much more.

To get to know more you can either read the [official documentation](http://ngrx-forms.readthedocs.io/en/master) or visit the [example application](https://mrwolfz.github.io/ngrx-forms/).

#### Installation

```Shell
npm install ngrx-forms --save
```

This library has a peer dependency on `@angular/core`, `@angular/common`, `@angular/forms`, and `@ngrx/store`, so make sure appropriate versions of those packages are installed.

#### Bug reports

To report a bug please provide a reproduction of the issue in a code sandbox. You can fork [this example](https://codesandbox.io/s/92r7310k4).

#### Contributing

Please see the [documentation](http://ngrx-forms.readthedocs.io/en/master/contributing/).

#### License

Everything in this repository is [licensed under the MIT License](LICENSE) unless otherwise specified.

Copyright (c) 2017-present Jonathan Ziller

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


These meetings were hosted by DECISIO. The General Assembly meeting on 28th and 30th January 2015 was to report, track and organise the work in and between work packages. On the 29th the expert workshop was held with invited external experts to make a further step in the assessment of the societal, economic and cross-sectoral effects of GNSS malfunctioning in the EU.


text:
By Bill Bonner
"The wheels of fortune turn against Japan," a Financial Times headline tells us.
How do you like that FT? Are they on top of the story, or what?
The wheels of fortune began turning against Japan in January of 1990 – 11 years ago. They've been turning against Japan for so long that they might be getting close to the end of the track…
But fortune's wheels are just beginning to turn against the U.S.
"U.S. personal savings rate rises to 2-year high," says another FT headline.
Meanwhile, last Thursday's figures showed consumer spending slowing down…rising only 1/5 as fast as income.
"Well, Kurt," I posed the question to Dr. Richebacher, who was visiting me this weekend, "what will happen when Americans cut back on spending and begin saving again?"
"The end," came the response.
Kurt Richebacher is not like most economists. English is not his mother tongue…but he speaks it much more clearly and unequivocally than most economists. He believes he knows what is going on…and he knows what can be done about it: nothing. But more about Dr. Richebacher tomorrow.
For now, let's turn to Eric's report from Wall Street.
Eric Fry:
– Is this a bear market or what? Stocks are trading so poorly they remind me of the gold market – or of how the gold market used to be.
– The Nasdaq coughed up almost 6% last week, while the Dow and the S&P 500 shed more than 4% each. For the month of August, the Nasdaq dropped nearly 11%.
– Even while ordinary stocks falter, gold and other resource stocks remain among the year's best performers. Is Mr. Market just teasing us? Or should we keep selling tech stocks and buying gold stocks?
– One noteworthy vote in favor of gold and other resource investments is the surprisingly robust performance of the Australian economy. Like a house miraculously spared when a fire consumes everything surrounding it, Australia's resource-heavy economy stands tall amidst the scorched global economic landscape.
– "Almost every sector [in Australia] is looking up," The Wall Street Journal reports. "Home building is on the rise; consumer spending is strong; corporate profitability is improving. Exports are booming." What's its secret?
– "A timely application of fiscal and monetary stimulus and the good fortune to have a weak currency at a useful moment," guesses the Journal.
– Or maybe, we guess, Australia's strong performance represents a triumph of the old economy over the new. Australia has always been known as, and still remains, a "resource economy." In other words, it produces real stuff, not simply "intellectual property."
– The world always needs "stuff" like oil and aluminum, and yes, Foster's beer, even if it sometimes loses its appetite for "Web consulting" and "Internet incubating services."
– Meanwhile, Australia's Asian neighbors might be on the verge of becoming attractive investment destinations once again. The reason: Wall Street firms are exiting the markets.
– Bloomberg reports that many institutional brokerage firms are closing down or greatly reducing their emerging market equities operations. Could this be a contrary indicator, suggesting that investors should begin tiptoeing into emerging markets stocks?
– "Societe Generale SA closed its emerging market equities business, firing 30 people," Bloomberg reports. "Credit Suisse First Boston is dismissing as many as 15 traders…BNP Paribas SA is shutting its equities business in Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa. Credit Agricole is firing 25 people as the bank closes its Brazil brokerage. ABN AMRO Holdings NV and Merrill Lynch are also scaling back."
– The cut-backs are hardly surprising, given the poor performance of emerging market stocks over the past few years. Since the end of 1996, The IFC Global Regional Composite Index has dropped 21 percent, compared with a 66 percent rise in the S&P 500 Index and 50 percent for the Bloomberg European 500 Index.
– As contrary indicators go, they don't get much better than this. When brokerage firms – known for hiring at the top and firing at the bottom – exit an entire sector en masse, it's usually a good idea to take a look.
– Back home in the States, economic silver linings are getting hard to find. "After years of fantastic growth, New York's housing market is poised for a drop of up to 20%," Crain's reports.
– "The first cracks in the market are showing up as sales volume drops, prices plateau and homes take longer to sell…If history is a guide, prices will fall because Wall Street is shedding jobs and income…After the market crashed [in 1987], Wall Street gave up 35,000 positions and the bottom fell out of the real estate market."
– Predicts John Lonski, chief economist with Moody's Investors Service in Manhattan, "By the first half of 2002, the real estate market could really begin to feel the effects of layoffs and slower job creation."
Back to Mr. Bonner:
*** Beautiful day here in Ouzilly. The sun is just peeking in one window of my little office while the moon says farewell from a window on the opposite side.
*** I'm here with colleagues and business associates. Elizabeth and the children went back to Paris – today is the first day of school. The children dreaded it all summer long. Now it is here. Good luck, kids. Bon courage, as they say in France.
Cigarettes and whiskey and wild, wild women
They'll drive a man crazy, they'll drive him insane
Traditional song
From the great state of Maryland comes more evidence that cigarettes will make you insane. In fact, tobacco seems to have driven Governor Parris Glendening and the Maryland state legislature stark, raving mad.
I say this after reading a news item sent by a friend.
Gov. Glendening launched a program in the state to encourage idleness among the state's tobacco farmers. Instead of planting tobacco, hoeing it, fertilizing it, cutting it, spearing it, hanging it, wrapping it, packing it and taking it to market, where they sell it for an average price of about $1 a pound, farmers will now merely get a check from the state of Maryland – for an amount equal to what they would have gotten if they had actually done the work. Henceforth, they will toil not…neither will they spin. Their work is over.
The farmers, faced with the choice of working year- round or not working a single day, for the same amount of money, chose the latter. "Of the 990 farmers eligible for the program," we learn, "674 have either taken a buyout or applied to receive one next year."
What about the others? What kind of a numbskull would rather earn his porridge by honest labor – when he could so easily participate in the state's pilfer program?
The only group with the moral fortitude or stubbornness to keep working has been the Amish. By habit or lunkheadedness, the Amish stay away from government giveaways and modern technology. In August, with both the heat and humidity in Southern Maryland often near the 100 degree mark, the Amish work out in the hot sun – in their dark, traditional clothes. With teams of horses and teams of men, they do the hard work of bringing in the tobacco – just as it has always been done.
For 350 years, Maryland farmers have grown tobacco. The plant has resisted mechanization, so it is grown today in almost the same way it was 350 years ago. The only difference is that tractors pull planters and wagons, instead of horses. But so marginal an improvement is this that the Amish farmers – who eschew the internal combustion engine – are about as productive as the farmers with computer terminals and the latest technology…In fact, since the Amish have no debt, they may be more profitable than other farmers in the area.
Your editor recalls the hard work of growing tobacco. The economy of southern Maryland changed in mid- century just as it did in France. The blacks who worked as field hands disappeared to easier, better paying jobs in the cities. What was left was friends and relatives – called out to help cut tobacco and hang it in the barns.
The mornings were pleasant. For an hour or two, the work seemed easy, when we were still fresh and the sun was barely up. Using something that looks a bit like a machete, we would work our way down a row, cutting down the plants one by one…and laying them down in a row. The plant would "lay" in the sun for a few hours, softening up a bit until we could go down those same rows with a metal spearhead. The spearhead was mounted on the top of a tobacco stick, about 5 feet long, held upright. Then, one by one, the tobacco plants were raised up with our right arms, as we placed the thick end of the stalk on the point of the spear. Using both hands, the stalk was driven down upon the spear onto the stick. The trick, of course, was to avoid spearing your own hand as you forced the stalk down.
After you had five or six tobacco plants on the stick, you would lay the stick down in a pile and move on to the next stick, the next pile, and so on.
By this time, the sun was blazing hot. Everything we had on was drenched with sweat – which ran down our arms and legs, soaking our work boots too.
My cousins, my brother, and I would make a competition of it. We each lined up at the beginning of a row and tried to be the first one to the other end. The game made the work go a little faster and broke the tedium of it. Usually, my brother was the winner. He worked as a blacksmith in those days and had forearms the size of Greek columns.
By 5 or 6 in the evening, we were worn out. If we had planned it right, we would then be loading the tobacco on wagons – hoisting it up, stick by stick. But the work was far from over. The tobacco still had to be hung in the barn – in neat rows, all the way up to the roof.
We would place ourselves on the rafters – each about 6 feet above the next. Then, taking up the tobacco, we passed it from the floor of the barn up, from man to man, to the peak of the roof. By now, the sun was no longer heating up the tin of the roof, so it was not much hotter inside than out. Still, it was the kind of work that made us think of government jobs in air-conditioned buildings.
But I guess it's all over now.
"So many Maryland tobacco farmers have agreed to a state buyout," reports a Baltimore Sun article, "that 81 percent of the crop will be gone by next year…"
Maryland officials are hardly alarmed by the disappearance of an entire industry from the state. "We are ending tobacco growing," said the governor,proudly.
Ending tobacco growing has some popular appeal. People all over the nation seem convinced that the plant is as dangerous as a bureaucrat and as obnoxious as a tort lawyer.
But for hundreds of years people have enjoyed tobacco. Thousands of people die in the state of Maryland every year from tobacco related illnesses, we are told. But no one has ever shown that a cigarette every once in while does any harm. Besides, a few thousand deaths seem a small price to pay for tobacco's many benefits.
Tobacco has been shown to reduce the incidence of alzheimer's disease. Smokers are less likely to fall asleep at the wheel of a car. And one report I saw said smokers were more productive on the job. In fact, a colleague told me yesterday that the biggest burden on employers was neither the smokers nor the drinkers, but the eaters. Fat people, in other words, are more of a problem in the workplace than smokers.
And imagine a war without cigarettes. Your buddy might be lying on the ground – shot through by a machine gun round…or his leg torn off by a grenade. With only minutes to live…what do you think he asks for? A granola bar?
Heck no…he wants a smoke.
So what do you tell him?
"Sorry, pal, but this is a smoke-free war."
But there's no point in arguing with an extraordinary popular delusion.
And why be a sour-puss about it? Maryland's tobacco farmers have toiled long enough. Let them sit around…and get fat.
Get in on the Ground Floor of a New Bull Market…
By Byron King Posted May 25, 2016
Byron King explains why miners will continue to enjoy a long and overdue bull market…
About Bill Bonner:
Since founding Agora Inc. in 1979, Bill Bonner has found success in numerous industries. His unique writing style, philanthropic undertakings and preservationist activities have been recognized by some of America's most respected authorities. With his friend and colleague Addison Wiggin, he co-founded The Daily Reckoning in 1999, and together they co-wrote the New York Times best-selling books Financial Reckoning Day and Empire of Debt. His other works include Mobs, Messiahs and Markets (with Lila Rajiva), Dice Have No Memory, and most recently, Hormegeddon: How Too Much of a Good Thing Leads to Disaster. His most recent project is The Bill Bonner Letter.


Warsaw will sign a production contract with Leonardo Helicopters later this month covering its purchase of AW101s configured for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) duties with the Polish navy.
Polish defence minister Mariusz Blaszczak confirmed the planned buy on 8 April, stating that Warsaw intends to finalise an order during April. The acquisition is believed to include four AW101s.
Ahead of the deal being finalised, Leonardo Helicopters and Poland's defence ministry have signed an offset agreement worth Z400 million ($106 million) in relation to the order.
"The offset agreement provides the Polish Ministry of National Defence with the commitment for establishing in the Military Aviation Works No 1 in Lodz critical maintenance capabilities for the AW101 helicopter and its dedicated mission equipment," the company says. This confirms "Leonardo's commitment to a solid and long-term co-operation with the Polish armed forces and Polish industry," it adds.
In addition to meeting Warsaw's airborne ASW requirements, the 15t-class AW101s will also will be capable of performing combat search and rescue (CSAR) tasks, Blaszczak says.
Leonardo Helicopters confirms that the rotorcraft will be assembled at its Yeovil manufacturing site in Somerset, the UK.
Warsaw had previously indicated that its naval helicopter requirement would be for up to eight aircraft configured for ASW and CSAR missions.
Poland early this year also confirmed an order to acquire four S-70i Black Hawk helicopters from Sikorsky, with the armed rotorcraft to be used in support of special forces operations.
Cirium's Fleets Analyzer records a current active fleet of 149 AW101s, with the type flown by military and government operators in Algeria, Canada, Denmark, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Turkmenistan and the UK.


A new sewage pumping station (SPS) recently installed at Nabiac (NSW) as part of a land development was suffering from leaking joints and infiltration of ground water prior to final commissioning of the SPS. This was delaying final acceptance of the system by the water authority and a proven long term solution was required that could be installed quickly to satisfy both the developer and the local water authority.
FITT Resources were approached by the council and the developer to solve the problem with Flex Seal Utility Sealant the prefered method to seal the joints and prevent further infiltration.
Flex Seal Utility Sealant is a state of the art Urethane material, specifically developed to seal concrete joints, cracks and brickwork, has excellent adhesion & an impressive 800% elongation making it perfect for sealing joints and cracks with the flexibility to allow for movement without cracking or failing.
The surfaces around the joints was prepared by grit blasting prior to application of Flex Seal Utility Sealant primer and top coat.
Both the water authority and developer were very pleased with the succesful outcome as well as the speed and professionalism shown by the crew during the whole project.


Charlestine modernizes transistors from 1950's to 1960's, equiped with high capacity Li-ion batteries. Play your favorite playlists for more than 10 hours on this unique vintage radio transformed into Bluetooth speaker.
Thanks to it's nomad size, your Charlestine transistor will follow you anywhere to sing your favorite songs.
These Bluetooth speakers have a look and soul!


Registrant Arissa Appel is a birth mother looking for her daughter. The adoptee was born in Illinois in 1998 on April 13th. She was born Courtnie Ellen Axtell in Libertyville in Lake County to 19 year old birthmother Arissa Ann Appel (maiden name Appel). Central Baptist/D.C.F.S handled the adoption.


Chain Link Fence Machine|Anping Hua Cheng Wire and Netting Making Co.,Ltd.
HCC03/80-4 Type Auto-crossing Chain Link Fence Machine is used in control-auto of PLC. Knife winding of shape is moving used in active video timing.
3.The output per minute: for example: If the mesh is 50x50mm, width: 2m, the output will be: 1M2 min.
8.Outside size: main machine: 6700x1430x1800mm.


text:
OPTIMꝊꝊ Entrepreneurial Solution
La Méditerranée, plateforme de solutions et de réponses à la gestion de l'eau : Vers une gestion optimisée des services d'eau et d'assainissement	Audit et amélioration des performances hydrauliques des systèmes d'alimentation en eau potable
[Interview] The 4th Mediterranean Water Forum
Sustainably developing the agri-food sector in Mashreq countries is of paramount importance for food security, job creation, expanded export potential, and social stability and inclusion.Digital technologies could create a new momentum for economic development by accelerating the structural transformation process and by supporting the transition...
The data sets relate to the activity report named "Understanding Morocco's Climate Futures – Using National climate change data sets to support planning and investment" which was presented and discussed during an e-workshop to the attention of Morocco's national stakeholder on February 3, 2021. The data are organized in two packages. The first...
Valuing Water: Religious, social, cultural perspectives from Palestine
[Call for Contributions] Youth for Sustainable Food Systems: #Youth4SFS
Rationale The CIHEAM Watch Letter is an electronic publication sharing short contributions on the issues of agricultural and rural development , fisheries and coastal development and more generally on food systems in the Mediterranean to a large and heterogeneous audience. For this special edition (No 41) the International Center for Advanced...
[Agenda] World Water Day E-Conference on Valuing Water in the Mediterranean region
[Webinar] World Water Day E-Conference on Valuing Water in the Mediterranean region
Announcement Due to the evolving situation of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the growing health concerns related to this virus, the Center for Mediterranean Integration (CMI) has decided to organize its 5th edition of the World Water Day 2021 workshop virtually. Background Every year, the World Water Day draws the world's attention...
[Report] Understanding Morocco's Climate Futures – Using National climate change data sets to support planning and investment
Méthodes d'évaluation du changement climatique et de génération des données de scénarios climatiques pour le Maroc
Accompagnement de la banque mondiale au secteur de l'eau au Maroc
Introduction au traitement des données
Changement climatique et agriculture au Maroc
Contexte, portée et résultats clés de l'activité &Présentation des objectifs et du programme de l'atelier
Etude du Nexus de la Sécurité de l'Eau en Afrique du Nord
Données climatiques du Maroc -Téléchargement, traitement et partage
Enjeux de la gestion de l'eau au Maroc dans un contexte de changement climatique
[WORKSHOP AGENDA] Understanding Morocco's Climate Futures – Using National climate change data sets to support planning and investment
[PRESS RELEASE] UK-funded project delivers new climate data to support water and agriculture management in Morocco
Understanding Morocco's Climate Futures – Using National climate change data sets to support planning and investment
Context Climate change adds new complexity to Morocco's economic growth by bringing increased stresses to water and land systems, so affecting water and food insecurity. The climate shocks in recent years of droughts and floods have unfortunately highlighted the impacts of these extreme events. With global models predicting that these will...
CMI/FEMISE MED BRIEFS: COVID-19 Implications in the Mediterranean
Rationale The coronavirus has proved to be a serious threat not only to people's health but also to economies and societies of all countries, regardless of their level of development. This crisis presents a real test to the resilience of the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean countries, as it came at a time when they were challenged to keep...
General Guidelines for CMI-FEMISE "COVID-19 MED BRIEFS"
Deterioration of Food (In)security in the South Mediterranean and MENA Region in Times of Covid-19
This brief focuses on food insecurity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with specific examples from the South Mediterranean (Maghreb, Mashreq) countries, and on how it is aggravating during a global shock such as the Covid-19 pandemic. It examines the socio-economic situation on the ground and proposes recommendations to absorb...


The Equity Office supports staff with family responsibilities. Assisting staff to care for their children is part of our strategy to attract and retain high-calibre staff.
If you're a staff member at the University with parenting responsibilities, this toolkit will come in handy. It is also relevant for colleagues of those taking leave and managers. You'll find helpful information about pregnancy, preparation for parental leave, applying for parental leave, the parental leave period and returning to work.
Combining Parenting and a Career Toolkit. Size: 615.5 kB. Type: PDF.
Download this PDF file. Size: 615.5 kB.
Martin Shepherd, Director Faculty Operations, Faculty of Education, discusses how our Paid Parental Leave Policy has supported him to combine his family responsibilities with his career.
The Equity Office hosts seminars every year for staff with parenting responsibilities.
If you would like to join our CPC mailing list, email equity@auckland.ac.nz.


These Volunteer Carpenters are working on finishing the Wing Wall roofs over the main house airlocks. These two roofs also will add square footage to the overall roof Catch Water System… Also on the roof, the interns have the opportunity to learn how to properly measure, cut, and bend the Pro-Panel sheets into 'Metal Origami' that will be installed as the Flashing and Ridge Caps for all the Vent Boxes, and Battery Boxes atop the roof. Let me just say, I enjoyed this part, however it definitely takes practice and experience to do it well. It's an expensive mistake if you mess up on just one little cut or bend.


In order for fighter planes to fly faster than sound, they have to overcome a sharp rise in drag near the speed of sound.
My makeup has washed off.
She is expecting a baby in June.
"Whose pants are these?" "They are Ken's."
I went swimming in the river.
Don't make any noise or you'll scare the birds away.
Juliet has a combover to his bald patch.
You need to stop ignoring email messages from Wendell.
Was he really that bad?
Ramesh might be badly hurt.
There's a fine line between assertiveness and aggression.
I hate myself for hating her.
They named their son Nici.
Mrs. Klein is already in her eighties, but she's still very spry.
Carter threatened to tell on me.
Though a man may go out to battle a thousand times against a thousand men, if he conquers himself, he is the greatest conqueror.
He moved the table aside.
Such secrets are always eventually revealed.
I don't care if the early bird gets the worm, I want to sleep.
He is rich, but his older brother is poor.
Beckie was probably drunk when he did that.
Rudolf doesn't quite get it. Could you explain it to him again?
There's nothing unusual about that.
She painted a beautiful picture of her mother.
Sorrel isn't dating anyone now.
She went on a reducing diet.
Hans took his son John to a baseball game.
Raj didn't want to give you up.
She made my life miserable.
Turkeer asked Valeria to help him clean his room.
I told her not to come here.
He had an out-of-body experience.
I've given up my brother for dead.
Why don't you take off your coat and stay a while?
The police came and investigated the crime scene.
I haven't seen you in a long time.
This book will give you great pleasure.
I have a round trip ticket to Tokyo.
They pretend to be man and wife.
Roger forgot the keys on the table.
Is it true that Christofer can't see out of his left eye?
I didn't catch my train, even though I ran all the way.
I was just too young and stupid to realize I shouldn't have tried doing that.
Let us know if you don't understand something.
You're running a big risk in trusting him.
This vase is very fragile.
I have a keen interest in politics.
Erick seems to be leaving.
Oscar lied to you about having lived in Boston.
That's a good question to ask.
I am as sad and lonely as can be.
Unfortunately, it wasn't that easy.
I always felt ill at ease in my father's company.
Sjouke doesn't like loud music.
They went into the woods for a picnic.
I thought you'd be more helpful.
We have a lot more food than we need.
Nhan started to unbutton his shirt.
He has three sons who became musicians.
Terry knows he's been lied to.
He sent me an affectionate letter.
Put this book on top of the others.
Her behavior was a departure from the normal.
What do you expect to find here?
Casper wouldn't have passed the test if Rick hadn't helped him study.
We can learn a lot about an historical event such as the persecution of the Jews and make sure that something similar does not happen again.
Ricardo is married and the father of a daughter.
Are you trying to say I don't have any brain?
How many ways are there to do that?
You've been doing a great job.
Rudy told Timothy to go home.
I'm so sorry about what I did. I wish I could just crawl into a hole and die.
Shall we go to church by foot?
Seth hasn't prepared the parcel yet.
She's been practicing piano for a year and can play the piano somewhat.
Nearly 80 percent of the land is mountains.
While attending Sunday mass, the grandmother wears a pink dress and a charming mantilla, and the grandfather, a grey suit with a white shirt.
Can you take me there?
I just bought a new pair of beach shorts.
Roberta fell down from the horse's back.
Nicolo won't leave me alone.
Josh and her husband received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.
He is said to have made a fortune in oil.
I've loved French cakes since elementary school.
He is too young to go swimming alone.
Bill goes fishing every other day.
Few people live to the age of a hundred.
Search dogs located the victim's body.
What we had to do was really quite simple.
I've received the admission ticket for the exam, but I haven't decided yet if I will go. I haven't studied at all.
I'll give you anything you want within reason.
Be careful when you cross the street.
Two, four, six, etc. are even numbers.
It smells as though someone has been smoking in here.
I cannot coo like a pigeon. I'm a hawk.
She's a smart and independent girl.
The public bought it hook, line and sinker, didn't they?
Takeuchi happened to have the day off on Johnathan's birthday.
Make a good translation of the sentence that you are translating. Don't let translations into other languages influence you.
They made short work of Markku's case and sent him off to prison.
Laurie and I are drinking buddies.
You were never my type.
I bought Marnix a hot dog.
Hamlet probably didn't want to get married. There was only one Hamlet, however there are many people like him.
He came across the Atlantic in a small sailboat.
As you treat me, so will I treat you.
There is little wind today.


text:
Lujo Brentano
On Lujo Brentano see:
Lujo Brentano und die Ökonomien der Moderne
Zum Wandel wissenschaftlicher Darstellungsformen in der deutschen ökonomischen Tradition (1871-1931)
von Michael Seewald
Auflage 1. Auflage
343 Seiten; Index; 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm
2010 Metropolis
(1844-12-18)December 18, 1844 Aschaffenburg, Germany
September 9, 1931(1931-09-09) (aged 86) München, Germany
University of Göttingen Ph.D. Trinity College Dublin
Adolph Wagner Habitilation Johann Alfons Renatus von Helferich Ph.D.
Theodor Heuss Robert Kuczynski Werner Hegemann Fukuda Tokuzō Hans Ehrenberg
Lujo Brentano (18 December 1844 – 9 September 1931) was an eminent German economist and social reformer.
. 1 Biography
Lujo Brentano, born in Aschaffenburg into one of the most distinguished German-Catholic intellectual families (originally of Italian descent), attended school in Augsburg and Aschaffenburg. He studied in Dublin (Trinity College), Münster, Munich, Heidelberg (doctorate in law), Würzburg, Göttingen (doctorate in economics), and Berlin (habilitation in economics, 1871).
He was a professor of economics and state sciences at the universities of Breslau, Strasbourg, Vienna, Leipzig, and most importantly, Munich (1891–1914). With Ernst Engel, the statistician, he made an investigation of the English trade unions. After the revolution of November 1918, he served in prime minister Kurt Eisner's government as People's Commissar (Minister) for Trade, but only for some days in December 1918. In 1914, he signed the Manifesto of the Ninety-Three.
Brentano died in Munich in 1931.
Brentano was a Kathedersozialist (reform-minded) and a founding member of the Verein für Socialpolitik. His influence on the social market economy, and on many Germans who would be leaders just after the end of World War II, can hardly be overrated.
Note: It is often mistakenly claimed that Brentano was called Ludwig Joseph, and that "Lujo" was a kind of nickname or contraction. This is incorrect; while he was given his name after a Ludwig and a Joseph, Lujo was his real and legal first name. (See his autobiography, Mein Leben..., below, p. 18.)
Brentano, Lujo (1871–72). Die Arbeitergilden der Gegenwart. 2 vols., Leipzig: Duncker und Humblot. (English: On the History and Development of Gilds and the Origins of Trade Unions. 1870.)
Brentano, Lujo (1901). Ethik und Volkswirtschaft in der Geschichte. November 1901. München: Wolf.
Brentano, Lujo (1910). "The Doctrine of Malthus and the Increase of Population During the Last Decades." Economic Journal vol. 20(79), pp. 371–93
Brentano, Lujo (1923). Der wirtschaftende Mensch in der Geschichte. Leipzig: Meiner. Reprint Marburg: Metropolis, 200ß
Brentano, Lujo (1924). Wege zur Verständigung - Der Judenhass. Berlin, Philo Verlag und Buchhandlung
Brentano, Lujo (1927–29). Eine Geschichte der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung Englands. 4 vols., Jena: Gustav Fischer.
Brentano, Lujo (1929). Das Wirtschaftsleben der antiken Welt. Jena: Fischer.
Brentano, Lujo (1931). Mein Leben im Kampf um die soziale Entwicklung Deutschlands. Jena: Diederichs. Reprint Marburg: Metropolis, 2004
Brentano, Lujo (1924). Konkrete Bedingungen der Volkswirtschaft. Leipzig: Meiner. 1924. Reprint Marburg: Metropols, 2003
Brentano, Lujo (1877-1924). Der tätige Mensch und die Wissenschaft von der Wirtschaft. Reprint Marburg: Metropolis, 2006


CBA8 | Water We Doing?
Photo: Shree Bhagwan Thakur, PEI Consultant.
The recent international conference, the CBA8, held in Nepal provided opportunity to representatives of over 60 countries to interact among themselves and learn from each other about how the local communities have been preparing to adapt to the anticipated impacts of climate change and in some cases how have they been already adapting to the environmental stresses likely to have been caused by the change in the climate. The participants had the opportunity to observe local initiatives ranging from protection of forests to new plantations and from managing water (and river) to maintaining agricultural biodiversity in different parts of Nepal. Since Nepal has huge diversity in its landscape and climate, the type of activities being innovated by local communities are also equally diverse and was probably not possible to observe in a short visit. Hence, I provide an example here.
This is a case from a village from Panchthar in eastern Nepal, which has been experiencing drought for some years now. Many mountains springs have dried and access to water sources have become very difficult. Farming is possible only during the monsoon months. Thus, many villagers have abandoned the houses and have moved to new areas in the low land for settlements. However, some in the village have ventured to adapt to increasing water stress and continued to develop ways of making productive use of parched land. Seen in the picture is the tree plantation of Teak.
The striking thing is that each plant has its own container (costing at least Rupees 100 or $1.0, I guess) to water it. The farmer fills the container when it is empty with water carried in a tractor from the Tamor River in the valley. What a way to reduce evaporation loss and continue to maintain the much needed green water in the soil to this valuable plant!


text:
As part of Gov. Greg Abbott's April 27 order, the Missouri City Recreation & Tennis Center, 2701 Cypress Point Dr., will be gradually re-opening in phases. Beginning 9 a.m. tomorrow—Wednesday, May 6—all outdoor courts will be open to residents with certain safety restrictions.
"We are following local, state and national guidelines and protocols to contain this pandemic," said Interim City Manager Bill Atkinson. "The safety of our citizens and staff continues to be our top priority, and we want to ensure proper measures are taken prior to completely re-opening municipal facilities."
The new regulations are as follows:
Tennis/Pickle Ball courts will reopen in a limited capacity with six-feet social distancing rules; signage will be in place to remind players.
Tennis/Pickle Ball courts will limit the amount of people per court to four during phase 1, and only certain courts will be available for reservation to allow more space between players on the courts (Courts 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 for Tennis; Court 13 for Pickle Ball only).
No water coolers or equipment will be provided. And, no access to the facility will be granted for restrooms or water fountains.
Court reservations restricted to existing Recreation & Tennis Center members.
Doubles Play: Members will be allowed to have no more than 3 non-member guests on their court, and will incur a $1.50 charge per non-members guest per reservation.
Singles Play: Non-member guests will incur a $4.50 charge per reservation.
All court reservations must be made by phone or via email to the Tennis Administrator in advance at cristina.escamos@missouricitytx.gov or 281.403.8629.
All court fees must be paid by phone. Only credit card payments will be accepted.
Members may only make one court reservation for 1.5 hours at a time and only one court may be reserved per member each day.
Court use is restricted to Singles and Double play; no lessons, tournaments, leagues or clinics will be allowed.
Tennis Courts will be available to reserve on a time-block basis from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Monday through Friday. Time slots are as follows:
9 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.
12:30 p.m. – 2 p.m.
4 p.m. – 5:30 p.m.
Report to your court at the reserved time and you MUST leave the court at the end of the time slot to allow time for sanitation before the next reservation.
Benches, stands, and entry points on courts will be cleaned and disinfected between reservations.
For additional details, please call 281.403.8637 or review full operational guidelines via this link: https://bit.ly/2xnbUyC.
⇐Previous 2020 Hurricane Preparedness Week is May 3 to 9 | Get Prepared | Season Begins June 1Next⇒ COVID-19 Testing Site to Open in Missouri City


text:
Q: Cassandra - filtering results on a boolean I have a table looking like this:
CREATE TABLE table(
  user text,
  gender boolean,
  ...,
  PRIMARY KEY(user)
);

where gender stands for true for a male and false for a female.
I'd like to make 3 types of queries:

*

*
*

*retrieve all the users, no matter the gender

*

*retrieve all males

*

*retrieve all females

I have thought of adding the gender parameter to the primary key. This would make queries 2 and 3 straightforward and to retrieve all users, I would need to make queries 2 and 3 and then concatenate the results.
The problem is that my user table get really big and I have to paginate the results. This poses a problem when gender is part of the primary key as I have to pass both pageState in my API response to enable the user to query for more results.
Is there a better way to enable this kind of requests making paging relatively easy and straightforward?
Many thanks

A: There are 2 questions in one.
First, the querying one. If you need these 3 types of queries then denormalize and create 3 tables: users, male_users and female_users.
Second, the paging one. If you're listing all users (or male/Female users) by querying at the table level results will be unsorted because multiple nodes will participate in elaborating the result and that partitions are hashed. If you're talking about paging at the UI level (only the first 100 users are fetched and displayed), it will be tricky. If you're talking about paging at the driver level (all users are fetched by chunks/pages), then it may be easier.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A run of simple industrial factory pendants by British manufacturer Benjamin salvaged from an electrical substation in the North of England. The vitreous enamelled shade features the original manufacturer's label and small amounts of wear that highlight the heritage of the pendants.
Over the years, we've restored thousands of lights that would otherwise have become scrap - examining, refurbishing and updating one part at a time. But we don't only piece together the light's components. We take the time to investigate its history, studying old catalogues for clues and assembling the whole story. The extract shown here is from our own internal manufacturers catalouge archive.
Each light is supplied with a new bayonet (B22) lamp holder, 2mtrs of elephant gey braided cable and a ceiling suspension plate. (If you would prefer another colour cable please just ask).


text:
mvn generate-sources -P for-mac -DskipTests
rc=$?
if [[ $rc != 0 ]] ; then
        echo "BUILD FAILED $rc"
        exit $rc
fi


Since 1999, Axis' focus has been to provide brokers with insurance solutions for their hard to place and high hazard risks.
We are continually broadening our risk appetite, expanding our product range and increasing our capacity in response to our brokers' needs.
Axis is committed to delivering superior service levels.
Thank you to all the insurance brokers who were so generous with their time and answered our 2012 Insurance Broker Survey. The feedback we received will assist us to further improve our service delivery and product offering.
Congratulations to Clematis Lwin of Austbrokers Sydney who won a $200 Red Balloon Gift Certificate for participating in our survey.


ETFs vs. Mutual Funds: Which Should You Choose?
How do you decide between an ETF and a mutual fund for your portfolio? Start here.
You might have heard of Exchange Traded Funds. Now it's time to find out what you can do with them.
How to Get a U.S. Passport: What Do You Need to Apply?
Want to take a vacation overseas? You'll need a passport. Here's how to get one.
Money Order vs. Cashier's Check: What's the Best Option?
Need to send some money but can't use your phone? Try a money order or a cashier's check.
Nearly halfway through his second year, we can start to take a look at how Trump is managing the economy. There's one big reason for concern.


Globinmed - Premna serratifolia Linn.
Shukla V, Yadav D, Phulara SC, Gupta MM, Saikia SK, Pandey R. Longevity-promoting effects of 4-hydroxy-E-globularinin in Caenorhabditis elegans. Free Radic Biol Med. 2012 Nov 15;53(10):1848-56.
Shukla V, Phulara SC, Yadav D, Tiwari S, Kaur S, Gupta MM, Nazir A, Pandey R. Iridoid compound 10-O-trans-p-Coumaroylcatalpol extends longevity and reduces alpha synuclein aggregation in Caenorhabditis elegans. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2012 Dec;11(8):984-92.
Gokani RH, Lahiri SK, Santani DD, Shah MB. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Premna integrifolia root. J Complement Integr Med. 2011 Jan;8. doi: 10.2202/1553-3840.1216.
Kar A, Choudhary BK, Bandyopadhyay NG. Comparative evaluation of hypoglycaemic activity of some Indian medicinalin alloxan diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Jan;84(1):105-8.


text:
/**\file
 * The <tt>libdaala</tt> C encoding API.*/
#if !defined(_daala_daalaenc_H)
# define _daala_daalaenc_H (1)
# include "codec.h"

# if defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
# endif
# if OD_GNUC_PREREQ(4, 0, 0)
#  pragma GCC visibility push(default)
# endif

/**\name Encoder state
 * The following data structure is opaque, and its contents are not publicly
 *  defined by this API.
 * Referring to its internals directly is unsupported, and may break without
 *  warning.*/
/*@{*/
/**The encoder context.*/
typedef struct daala_enc_ctx daala_enc_ctx;
/*@}*/

/**\defgroup encfuncs Functions for Encoding*/
/*@{*/
/**\name Functions for encoding
 * You must link to <tt>libdaalabase</tt> and <tt>libdaalaenc</tt> if you use
 *  any of the functions in this section.
 *
 * The functions are listed in the order they are used in a typical encode.
 * The basic steps are:
 * - Fill in a #daala_info structure with details on the format of the video
 *    you wish to encode.
 * - Allocate a #daala_enc_ctx handle with daala_encode_alloc().
 * - Perform any additional encoder configuration required with
 *    daala_encode_ctl().
 * - Repeatedly call daala_encode_flusheader() to retrieve all the header
 *    packets.
 * - For each uncompressed frame:
 *   - Submit the compressed frame via daala_encode_img_in().
 *   - Repeatedly call daala_encode_packet_out() to retrieve any video data
 *      packets that are ready.
 * - Call daala_encode_free() to release all encoder memory.*/
/*@{*/
/**Allocates and initializes an encoder instance.
 * \param info A #daala_info struct filled with the desired encoding
 *              parameters.
 * \return The initialized #daala_enc_ctx handle.
 * \retval NULL if the encoding parameters were invalid.*/
daala_enc_ctx *daala_encode_create(const daala_info *info);
/**Encoder control function.
 * This is used to provide advanced control of the encoding process.
 * \param enc A #daala_enc_ctx handle.
 * \param req The control code to process.
 *            See \ref encctlcodes "the list of available control codes"
 *             for details.
 * \param buf The parameters for this control code.
 * \param buf_sz The size of the parameter buffer.*/
int daala_encode_ctl(daala_enc_ctx *enc,
 int req, void *buf, size_t buf_sz);
/**Outputs the next header packet.
 * This should be called repeatedly after encoder initialization until it
 *  return <tt>0</tt> to get all of the header packets, in order, before
 *  encoding actual video data.
 * \param enc A #daala_enc_ctx handle.
 * \param comments The metadata to place in the comment header, when it is
 *                  encoded.
 * \param op An <tt>ogg_packet</tt> structure to fill.
 *           All of the elements of this structure will be set,
 *            including a pointer to the header data.
 *           The memory for the header data is owned by
 *            <tt>libdaala</tt>.
 * \return A positive value indicates that a header packet was successfully
 *          produced.
 * \retval 0 No packet was produced, and no more header packets remain.
 * \retval OD_EFAULT \a enc, \a comments or \a op was <tt>NULL</tt>.*/
int daala_encode_flush_header(daala_enc_ctx *enc,
 daala_comment *comments, ogg_packet *op);
/**Submits an uncompressed frame to the encoder.
 * \param enc A #daala_enc_ctx handle.
 * \param img A buffer of image data to encode.
 * \param duration The duration to display the frame for, in timebase units.
 *                 If a non-zero frame duration was specified in the header,
 *                  then this parameter is ignored.
 * \retval 0 Success.
 * \retval OD_EFAULT \a enc or \a img was <tt>NULL</tt>.
 * \retval OD_EINVAL The image size does not match the frame size the encoder
 *                   was initialized with, or encoding has already
 *                    completed.*/
int daala_encode_img_in(daala_enc_ctx *enc, od_img *img, int duration);
/**Retrieves encoded video data packets.
 * This should be called repeatedly after each frame is submitted to flush any
 *  encoded packets, until it returns 0.
 * The encoder will not buffer these packets as subsequent frames are
 *  compressed, so a failure to do so will result in lost video data.
 * \note Current the encoder operates in a one-frame-in, one-packet-out
 *        manner.
 *       However, this may be changed in the future.
 * \param enc A #daala_enc_ctx handle.
 * \param last Set this flag to a non-zero value if no more uncompressed
 *              frames will be submitted.
 *             This ensures that a proper EOS flag is set on the last packet.
 * \param op An <tt>ogg_packet</tt> structure to fill.
 *           All of the elements of this structure will be set, including a
 *            pointer to the video data.
 *           The memory for the video data is owned by <tt>libdaala</tt>.
 * \return A positive value indicates that a video data packet was successfully
 *          produced.
 * \retval 0 No packet was produced, and no more encoded video data
 *            remains.
 * \retval OD_EFAULT \a enc or \a op was <tt>NULL</tt>.*/
int daala_encode_packet_out(daala_enc_ctx *enc,
 int last, ogg_packet *op);
/**Frees an allocated encoder instance.
 * \param enc A #daala_enc_ctx handle.*/
void daala_encode_free(daala_enc_ctx *enc);
/*@}*/

/** \defgroup encctlcodes Configuration keys for the encoder ctl interface.
 * Encoder CTL settings.
 *
 * These defines and macros are for altering the behaviour of the encoder
 *  through the \ref daala_encode_ctl interface.
 * These should have even values.
 */
/** Set the quantizer scale.
 * The passed buffer is interpreted as containing a single <tt>int</tt>.
 * The valid range is 0-511. */
#define OD_SET_QUANT 4000
/** Configure the encoder's computational complexity level.
 * \see OD_GET_COMPLEXITY
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: The new encoder complexity level.
 *                  Values must lie in the range 0...10, inclusive, with
 *                   higher values requiring more CPU but generally producing
 *                   better quality at a given bitrate. */
#define OD_SET_COMPLEXITY 4002
/** Get the encoder's computational complexity level.
 * \see OD_SET_COMPLEXITY
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: Returns a value in the range 0...10,
 *                   inclusive.
 *                  Higher values indicate higher CPU requirements, but
 *                   generally producing better quality at a given bitrate. */
#define OD_GET_COMPLEXITY 4004
/** Whether activity masking should be used or not.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: 0 to disable the use of activity masking,
 *                   a non-zero value otherwise (the default). */
#define OD_SET_USE_ACTIVITY_MASKING 4006
/** Which quantization matrix to use.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: 0 => flat quantization matrix,
 *                   1 => HVS (the default). */
#define OD_SET_QM 4008

/** Whether the motion compensation search should use the chroma planes in
    addition to the luma plane.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: 0 to disable the use of the chroma planes,
 *                   a non-zero value otherwise (the default). */
#define OD_SET_MC_USE_CHROMA 4100
/** Minimum motion vectors resolution for the motion compensation search.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: 0 => 1/8 pel (default), 1 => 1/4 pel,
 *                   2 => 1/2 pel */
#define OD_SET_MV_RES_MIN 4102
/** Minimum motion vectors level for the motion compensation search. If this
 *  level is greater than the maximum level, the maximum level will be used
 *  instead.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: level between 0 and 4
 *                   Default: 0 */
#define OD_SET_MV_LEVEL_MIN 4104
/** Maximum motion vectors level for the motion compensation search.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: level between 0 and 4
 *                   Default: 4 */
#define OD_SET_MV_LEVEL_MAX 4106
/** Whether the SATD metric should be used in motion compensation or not.
 * \param[in]  _buf <tt>int</tt>: 0 to disable the use of SATD (the default),
 *                   a non-zero value otherwise. */
#define OD_SET_MC_USE_SATD 4108

/*@}*/

# if OD_GNUC_PREREQ(4, 0, 0)
#  pragma GCC visibility pop
# endif
# if defined(__cplusplus)
}
# endif

#endif


In a quiet environment , this apartment of 52 m² (about 559 ft²) contains 1 room, 10 shower rooms and 1 toilet. It is equipped with a living room of 22 m² (about 236 ft²), with a kitchenette and with a parking lot. Heating : collective gaz. Others : intercom.


We like to stay on top of pet-related news to share with our clients, fans and friends so check this recall out.
Proctor and Gamble made this dog food recall on some of their varieties of pet food.
Please click on the link below to see the pet food affected. Share with your friends if they have dogs. You could save a life!
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Hi! Welcome to Boom Shaka Lacquer. My name is Relly. I am a self-proclaimed Indie Nail Polish Addict. It seems like every day I'm adding to my ever growing collection. I've come a long way from painting my nails a single color ages ago.
I'm also a geek and fangirl of multiple fandoms. You could usually get me going over Doctor Who, Harry Potter, Sherlock, Supernatural, The Walking Dead or any number of other movies, television programs and books series. In fact you might not get me to shut up.
I'm passionate about Indie Nail Polish and all the innovation, beautiful polishes, and stellar customer service that it offers. Gone are the days where I linger on the nail polish aisles in stores…instead I stalk webpages and Instagram feeds to see what glorious Indie Polishes are available! I'm actively avoiding using/buying mainstream polishes and have managed to convert my nail polish collection to 80% Indie Polish so far!


text:
Q: Any Other way to get local IP address I just wanna get local ip address without using dns.getHostName Method
private string GetIpAddress(){
  if(Regex.IsMatch(Dns.GetHostName(), @"^\d")){
    throw new Exception("Begin with Alphabet in HostName")
  }

  IPHostEntry ipEntry = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());

  foreach(IPAddress address in ipEntry.AddressList){
    if(address.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork){
          return address.Tostring();
        }
  }

}

In Some kind of User Systems, HostName(computer name) has to be composed with number and alphabet. but nowadays some user systems are permitted that hostname could only have number.
My Client Program get local ip by using getHostName() method.
But getHostName() cannot get hostname when hostname has only number.
So I just wanna another way to get local ip address.
Please help me.

A: tried your code with little modifications, worked just fine:
    private string GetIpAddress()
            {
                System.Net.IPHostEntry ipEntry = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName());

                foreach (System.Net.IPAddress address in ipEntry.AddressList)
                {
                    if (address.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
                    {
                        return address.ToString();
                    }
                }

                return "";
            }


I lead an innovative digital humanities project at a dynamic public history institution. In addition to public/nonprofit management, I excel at strategic communications in person, in print, and on the web. What is the future of the American past?
I have developed a profound empathy for both the plaintive citizens bringing horrifying tales of death, crime, sexual violence, destitution, and starvation as well as for the representatives of government at all levels who are chronically unable to muster sufficient resources to address the systemic problems they saw. It is easy to see the Civil War as a crisis of elected government—at a legislative, gubernatorial, Congressional, and especially Presidential level—but I have come to appreciate the war as it drug down an underprepared and underpowered civil service under the weight of modern, total war. The antebellum systems buckled underneath the crisis. That book is far more complicated to write than a conventional political history and far less marketable than a new battle history. That book about the slow collapse of governmental systems under unforeseen external stress might also b far more relevant to a moment when the national coffers have been drained by years of military conflict and faith in the capacity of electoral politics to address the day-to-day issues facing the citizenry is critically low.
Hiring good people isn't just about creating positions within your organization. It's about developing cooperative ecosystems that build better candidates while they're still in graduate school. Working locally, you can build relationships that allow talented young people to attend regional universities and work with you. They come to the organization pre-invested in the mission of improving lives in their communities through history because they are from and of those communities. They give struggling regional history departments new energy and a corps of young alumni who are employed, productive, and ready to give back to their department in innumerable ways. Through their success, they prove to their departments that public history isn't a backup plan but a specialized career that demands skills over and above those taught by conventional academics.
Amanda L. Higgins and Patrick A. Lewis, "Investing in the Ecosystem" AASLH History News 73, no. 1 (Winter 2018): 7-10.
As part of a planning grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, the Nineteenth Century Digital Cooperative (NCDC) is exploring a sustainable system for the digital publication and discovery of historical records. This environmental survey of existing projects, methods, and data models is the first deliverable from NCDC for this 2018 planning year. While it was composed with an eye to the specific ends of this cooperative, NCDC hopes that it will be of use to digital humanists seeking to aggregate and link large historical datasets.
You may access a PDF version of the NCDC Environmental Survey here.
The mission of the NCDC is to create an aggregated body of named historical figures, with associated metadata and biographies—some well-known but most not—referenced in the corpuses of the member editions. Bringing together born-digital and print editions as well as making room for other digital or digitized biographical data sets which are not based in edited texts, the NCDC would enhance the power and reach of digital editions working on nineteenth century U.S. topics—both increasing the efficiency of editorial production and facilitating user access to the editions.
Read more about the NCDC here.
A contribution to Nursing Clio on troubled Civil War veteran and CWGK find Robert Buffum. How did the specific trauma of his wartime experience, namely being a prisoner of war, clash tragically with the institutional solutions his society had to postwar mental health problems?
Read the full post on Nursing Clio.
Use Buffum's story in your classroom or community forum through CWGK documents and discussion materials.
Recording of a July 2017 talk at KHS on the postwar struggles of Medal of Honor winner Lt. Robert Buffum.
Buffum's story of mental health problems, substance abuse, domestic trouble, and suicide echoes the struggles that many veterans face today. CWGK has developed an online exhibit and document reader suitable for the classroom and community group discussions. Link here.
I am honored to have been included in a stellar group of editors and scholars on the Papers of Abraham Lincoln Review and Planning Team. The PAL assembled the team to advise on next steps as PAL, one of the most ambitious digital editions ever imagined, looks to convert over 15 years of editorial work into its first digital publications.
Alan Lowe, executive director of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, said the new team has worked on similar projects and will assist with the current staff to help publish these documents onto the museum's website.
Interested in digital history startup on your campus or at your institution?
Here is some advice distilled from my experience leading CWGK, published at the excellent Society of Civil War Historians blog.


Howe Chartered Surveyors offer the experience and expertise you need and the higher level of service you want. We can deliver a range of realistically priced surveying services including Building Surveys, Party Wall Matters, Contract Administration & Project Management, as well as many other complementary services to complete the package. We are based in Central London and whilst we service the whole Greater London area and the South East we also work throughout the UK. Please get in touch to discuss your next project.


text:
Softball brackets: NJSIAA state tournament & county/conference tournaments
Roselle Park RP
6-19 • 3-14 UCC
Westfield W
22-4 • 15-0 UCC
Miranda Taveras #24
Roselle Park
#1 Emma Pietrewicz
Alexandra Harms #11
Reina Jeronimo #26
#23 Michaela Hobson
Sat, May 22, 2021, 10:00am
Roselle Park (6-19)
0 0 0 3 0 0 X 3 6 1
Westfield (22-4)
2 0 5 0 5 1 X 13 14 1
WP: Michaela Hobson
LP: Gabrielle Hilburn
Roselle Park Batting
Colleen Downey 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Alexandra Harms 3 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Emma Adams 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Gabrielle Hilburn 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Miranda Taveras 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 .000 .000
Sarah Wenskoski 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Reina Jeronimo 3 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 .000 .000
Nataliya Negron 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Danielle Crown 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .000 .000
Erin Mooney 3 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Totals: 25 3 6 3 6 0 0 0 3 1 1 .240 .240
Westfield Batting
Samantha Hoffmann 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Catherine Heflin 2 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 .000 .000
Sydnee Goulet 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Grace Loder 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .000 .000
Gabriella Scipioni 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Emily Gordon 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Casey Laguna 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Aden Brooks 2 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Emma Pietrewicz 4 2 3 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Allie Fernandez 5 1 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Molly Stogner 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000
Kalea Calugay 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 .000 .000
Michaela Hobson 4 2 3 5 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 .000 .000
Alivia Macaluso 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 .000 .000
Totals: 31 13 14 13 8 4 2 0 8 0 0 .452 .710
Roselle Park Pitching
Runs Allowed
Gabrielle Hilburn (LP) 4 11 11 7 8 0 0 0.00
Danielle Crown 2 3 1 1 1 0 0 0.00
Totals: 6 14 12 8 9 0 0 9.33
Westfield Pitching
Sydnee Goulet 3 6 3 2 0 4 1 0.00
Michaela Hobson (WP) 3 0 0 0 3 7 0 0.00
Totals: 6 6 3 2 3 11 1 2.33
Passed Balls 1 2
Hits 6 14
Left On Base 8 11
Sacrifice Hits - -
Wild Pitches - -