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Tag Archives: Dozier
T.G.I.F. – Ten Rockin' Remakes
Hit Factory
Rock music has always drawn upon other influences; one could argue that it's the perfect intersection between the influences of country, soul and r'n'b. And many of the biggest rock bands have repaid that influence by performing those influential songs on record and in concert. Sometimes those influences were from their peers.
When classic rock was starting to explode in the 60's, Motown was right there with them on the charts. People often forget to list Smokey Robinson and Holland-Dozier-Holland in the same breath as Brian Wilson, Lennon-McCartney, Paul Simon, Ray Davies, Jagger-Richard and other dominant songwriters. What an amazing amount of creative genius sharing the spotlight in the same short period of time.
So today I'd like to offer Ten Rockin' Remakes of soul classics from some of my favorite rock bands. Proof positive that great music knows no color.
The Faces: "I'm Losing You" – even hotter live than on record.
Humble Pie: "I Don't Need No Doctor" – Steve Marriott is The Man.
The Rolling Stones: "Just My Imagination" – from a 2007 live show.
Mitch Ryder: "What Becomes of the Broken Hearted?" – great Jimmy Ruffin tune.
Jeff Beck: "People Get Ready" – when you say "Beck" I think of him first.
The J. Geils Band: "Where Did Our Love Go?" – from the 2009 reunion.
Herman Brood: "My Girl" – Almost unrecognizable in this re-arrangement.
Credence Clearwater Revival: "I Heard It Through The Grapevine" – I guess you'd classify this as swamp soul!
David Bowie: "Knock On Wood" – from the underrated David Live album
The Band: "Baby Don't You Do It" – Marvin Gaye cover from The Last Waltz
Filed under Features and Interviews, Music, Reviews
Tagged as Beatles, CCR, Credence Clearwater Revival, Detroit, Dozier, Editorial, Herman Brood, Holland, Humble Pie, J. Geils Band, Jeff Beck, Jimmy Ruffin, Martha and the Vandellas, Marvin Gaye, Mitch Ryder, Motown, Music, Rant, Reviews, Smokey Robinson, Steve Marriott, Temptations, Ten Rockin' Remakes, TGIF, The Band, The Faces, The Last Waltz, The Rolling Stones
February 8, 2010 · 8:00 pm
Mixtape: Vinyl Devotion
I put this mixtape together many many years ago for a tape tree on the Audities mailing list. I look at mixtapes as something to be taken in one sitting, ideally something slapped in for a car trip where the flow of the music is the center of attention, like I've got one shot to program an hour on the radio to win you over. So I started going through my vinyl alphabetically; just vinyl albums – no singles, CDs, or cassettes.
Remember mixtapes? Remember vinyl?
As the people I was trading with have pretty deep roots, I avoided the obvious (ie Beatles, Big Star, Cheap Trick, etc) and went for other songs that stir my stewpot. By the time I got through the "D"s, I easily had twice as much as I needed, and that wasn't even taking into account the 3-400 albums that were in the "to be filed" pile.
But I came up with a beauty filled with great bands and great songs. I've included the original track-by-track annotations that I used for Vinyl Devotion's liner notes, and since this was in the mid 90s, some of the references will be out of date. But the music is timeless – not a tune that doesn't stand up today. Mixtapes were a labor of love; even the needle dropping at the start of side A was intentional.
01 THE BOYS – "First Time Out"
Since you need something to get you out of the driveway, why not something young, loud and snotty? This was quintessential New Wave pop punk. Billy Joe of Green Day probably has a Boys lunchbox. (LINK TO A LIVE VERSION)
02 THE ATLANTICS – "One Last Night"
If INXS were cool and they grew up on 50's and 60's American radio, they'd sound like this. But they weren't, andthey didn't, and they don't. Singer's a bit of a crooner, but it's a cool song nevertheless.
03 DANCING HOODS – "She May Call You Up Tonight"
Yep, the Left Banke song. I think this version is better. I loved this band but Relativity sank like a stone and these guys with them. The singer, Bob Bortnick, is now in A&R and Mark Linkous is in Sparklehorse. Too bad.
04 THE dBs – "Working For Somebody Else"
So why does everyone hate THE SOUND OF MUSIC? I think the Holsapple era is great. This is almost Chilton-ish rock – the harmonica solo, ringing phone, and the great way Peter pronounces the word "car-REEEP".
05 THE BEAT FARMERS – "Ridin"
God Bless the late Country Dick Montana,who was Keith Richards in chaps. The BEAT FARMERS were the best bar band ever and always kicked your ass from wall to wall. This Joey Harris tune is a nice taste. R.I.P. fellas! (LINK TO A LIVE VERSION)
06 THE ACCELERATORS – "Two Girls In Love"
Another great band no one knows, what is it about that water in North Carolina? This band rules, but they only put out a record every five years; tho I heard they just re-formed. I love the drum sound on this song.
07 BEAT RODEO – "Just Friends"
Slowing it down, this Don Dixon/Mitch Easter production is anything but twee. Despite the cow name it's just pure pop after all. Saw these guys live and they were absolutely wonderful. I miss songs like this.
08 DON DIXON – "Your Sister Told Me"
I'm convinced that if Motown were in North Carolina, Dixon would be Holland, Dozier and Holland. One of the many on my "how can this guy/band not be friggin' HUGE?" list. And my hat tip to The Woods, his roots. (LINK TO A STUDIO VERSION)
09 BILLY BREMNER – "When These Shoes Were New"
The true M.V.P. of Rockpile. From the lp BASH which only his parents and I bought. Will Birch co-wrote and produced most of the songs, and it's wall-to-wall great. I want to play piano like the guy on this track.
10 ANY TROUBLE – "The Trouble With Love"
Clive Gregson just didn't fit in that New Wave movement, but his band put out five killer records with great songs like this. You may know his records and gigs with Christine Collister and their gigs with Richard Thompson
11 THE A's – "Heart Of America"
From Philly, natch – is this one of the ten best rock and roll songs ever made? Mott The Hoople meets Elvis Costello and drop the gloves. Killer guitars, horn section, and the one of the most unusual solos in rock history.
12 THE CRETONES – "Real Love"
When Linda Ronstadt "went punk" that year she butchered "Alison" and two of this band's songs; "Mad Love" is the other. This is pretty mainstream, but fun when you realize there isn't a female voice on the record.
13 THE DUROCS – "Saving It All Up For Larry"
Try this: Brian Wilson goes sandbox, but instead of Stamos and Johnston the Beach Boys sign up Flo, Eddie, Zappa and Todd. Actually it's Nagle and Matthews, right around the time they produced John Hiatt. Great, great record! (LINK TO VIDEO VERSION)
01 JOHN CALE – "Guts"
From the album that even Cale-haters like. Uses the words "parrot shit" and "hyperbole" in the same verse. Top that, Lou Reed! This record is known for a suicide-inducing drone version of "Heartbreak Hotel"
02 THE CRUZADOS – "Motorcycle Girl"
Tito and the boys cooking up East L.A. spunk in the days before they hooked up for gigs as Bob Dylan's band. Bassist Tony Marsico is now with Matthew Sweet.
03 HERMAN BROOD – "Sleepin' Bird"
My favorite Dutch ex-junkie porn star rock god, and the best rock and roll band in the world. He's a famous painter now. Had an American hit with "Saturday Night" in 1978 but put out several searing records in Holland. Yowza! (LINK TO A LIVE VERSION)
04 THE DRONGOS – "Overnight Bag"
Life before Crowded House in New Zealand. What a great guitar player! I wouldn't try to make love to this song; it's better suited for popping popcorn! Went to see them one night only to find out they broke up that afternoon.
05 THE DIRTY ANGELS – "Call My Name"
Remember in 1979/80 when everybody got signed and dressed in pastels on album covers? Well, DA had nude mannequins with missing appendages. Ah, so what. But I know the name David Hull from elsewhere.
06 THE DICTATORS – "Heartache"
Scott "Top Ten" Kempner and Andy Shernoff both could write big hooks, but the underwater production buried them. Too bad. When you got past Ross The Boss' guitar god act, these guys had some great songs!
07 CITY BOY – "I've Been Spun"
Jellyfish, eat your heart out. These guys could really rock, too, but were known for the unbelievable vocal harmonies. The guitar player, Mike Slamer, makes me grab the air guitar frequently over six records.
08 BLUEBELLS – "Everybody's Somebody's Fool"
No, not the Dean Martin song. You may remember "Cath" or "Syracuse University", but I always liked this the best. One of those "why isn't this on CD" records, but frankly most people can't even find the vinyl!
09 THE DAVE CLARK FIVE – "Because"
Because after 33 years it's still great. Because Gary Frenay and Artie Lenin played it at my wedding and people were breaking out in tears. Because it's my tape. Because.
10 ARTFUL DODGER – "She's Just My Baby"
Even Artful Dodger fans gave up by this record. While earlier records were like a poppier Rod Stewart; I hear a perfect blend of Dwight Twilley and The Records. Why was this band not a major, major hit? (LINK TO THE PROMO VIDEO)
11 MARSHALL CRENSHAW – "Rave On"
Live cut done at the drop of a hat in a Chicago station. Unbelievable how great he and the guitar sound just by themselves! So far he's played Lennon in Beatlemania, Holly on film, and made one of the best debut records ever.
12 GARY CHARLSON BAND – "Hey Deanie" & "Go Back"
Another live in the studio gig from an incredible pop guy, these are two of my faves. Bought this based on Bruce Brodeen's adjectives (it's an OLD record). So where is he now? And who the hell was this incredible drummer? (LINK TO A GARY CHARLSON MEDLEY)
13 SHAUN CASSIDY – "So Sad About Us"
Yeah, go ahead and snicker. The backup band is Todd and Utopia, and the whole album could have been called Faithful – Part Two! Messed up Shaun so badly he didn't resurface for years, and then showed up with "American Gothic"!
Tagged as Any Trouble, Artful Dodger, Audities, Beach Boys, Beat Rodeo, Beatles, Big Star, Billy Bremner, Billy Joe, Blast From The Past, Bob Bortnick, Brian Wilson, Cheap Trick, Christine Collister, City Boy, Clive Gregson, Country Dick, Crowded House, Don Dixon, Dozier, Dwight Twilley, Elvis Costello, garage rock, Gary Charlson, Green Day, Herman Brood, Holland, Jellyfish, John Cale, Keith Richards, Lou Reed, Mark Linkous, Mitch Easter, mixtape, Mott The Hoople, Music, Peter Holsapple, Power Pop, Reviews, Richard Thompson, Rockpile, Shaun Cassidy, Sparklehorse, tape tree, The A's, The Atlantics, The Beat Farners, The Bluebells, The Boys, The Cretones, The Cruzados, The Dave Clark Five, The dbs, The Dictators, The Dirty Angels, The Drongos, The Records, The Woods, Utopia, Vinyl Devotion, Will Birch


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Kay is responsible for oversight of Madison's affiliates and serves as the president and a trustee of the firm's proprietary mutual fund families. She also previously served as Chief Operating Officer. Kay has been working in the financial services industry since 1983 and joined Madison in 1986. She earned her B.A. in economics from Macalaster College.


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Q: MSSQL varchar(max) 50 seconds for one record to insert Hi i have a table with field i need to store a text/json/xml into. If i insert just one record with a length of about 20MByte it takes forever about 50 seconds.
The table is defined like this
table {
  ID: integer autoincrement primaryindex
  Data: varchar(max)
}

What can be done to optimize this. I hope to get it to instant inserts

A: Have a look over the size of your database files (date and transactions log). You needs to have wide amout of free pages in the files to avoid autoextension that causes time to do so.
A +

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Diese Diskografie ist eine Übersicht über die musikalischen Werke des südkoreanischen K-Pop-Duos Akdong Musician (AKMU). Die beiden Geschwister Lee Chan-hyuk und Lee Su-hyun stehen bei YG Entertainment unter Vertrag. Sie debütierten 2014 mit dem Album Play und veröffentlichten bisher drei Studioalben, zwei EPs und 13 Singles.

Alben

Studioalben

Extended Plays

Singles

Als Leadmusiker

Weitere Lieder

Beiträge zu Soundtracks

Statistik

Chartauswertung

Auszeichnungen für Musikverkäufe

Quellen

Akdong Musician

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


COME and see the improvements for yourselves.
That's the message from leaders at a Bournemouth primary school recently taken over by a successful multi-academy trust.
Kinson Primary School was graded Inadequate by Ofsted inspectors in January.
But rapid change is under way since the Ambitions Academies Trust(AAT) took over the school, now called Kinson Academy.
AAT has a reputation for making vast improvements at failing schools.
It runs Queens Park Academy, which it took from Special Measures to Outstanding in just three years, and Kings Park Academy which now has leadership graded as Outstanding.
Manorside Academy in Poole was failing but, three years after AAT took charge, it is rated as Outstanding, as is Elm Academy in Bournemouth.
The trust also runs Bayside Academy in Turlin Moor which has seen results improve since it took over last year.
At Kinson, in School Lane, Bournemouth, there are around 300 pupils enjoying small class sizes, spacious classrooms and vast outdoor playing areas.
Principal Michele Lawson and AAT's Director of Early Years and Primary Education, Alexandra Prout, are confident about the school's future.
Mrs Prout said: "We have a model of school improvement that is very successful and very rapid. Leaders in our five other primary schools have been coming in and working with Kinson. That gives confidence to the staff and the parents."
Mrs Lawson urged parents and prospective parents to visit the school to see the changes for themselves.
She stressed there is a new focus on lessons and homework and said pupils and parents are aware of the high expectations of the trust.
"Behaviour has improved - the children are calm and focused" she said. "There is also a focus on the subject knowledge of the teachers and consistency of expectation throughout the school."
A wide range of new clubs and activities have also been introduced at the school and the school has now a head boy and head girl, Ethan Chivers and Megan Thomas. A new uniform will be introduced shortly.
Anyone who wants to visit the school should call 01202 572713.


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Masegoso är en kommunhuvudort i Spanien.   Den ligger i provinsen Provincia de Albacete och regionen Kastilien-La Mancha, i den centrala delen av landet,  km sydost om huvudstaden Madrid. Masegoso ligger  meter över havet och antalet invånare är .

Terrängen runt Masegoso är platt åt nordväst, men åt sydost är den kuperad. Terrängen runt Masegoso sluttar norrut. Den högsta punkten i närheten är  meter över havet,  km söder om Masegoso. Runt Masegoso är det mycket glesbefolkat, med  invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Alcaraz,  km väster om Masegoso. I omgivningarna runt Masegoso

Ett kallt stäppklimat råder i trakten. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är juli, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är  millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är november, med i genomsnitt  mm nederbörd, och den torraste är juli, med  mm nederbörd.

Kommentarer

Källor

Orter i Kastilien-La Mancha


Not suitable for installation in surface-mounted housings.
Suitable for use as an auxiliary input for the blind controller insert with auxiliary input.
The cylinder lock is not included in the scope of supply.


Terrorists or those who run terrorist operations terrorize us for the enjoyment of the payoff. The payoff is witnessing the terror and despair evidenced by society at large. If they terrorized just those AT the terror event, it would be worthless.
The way to disrupt their enjoyment is obvious: by forgoing the all the news coverage and political jawboning and threats or revenge and remembrances which come afterward. In other words, by turning a situation like the recent terror attack on the Boston Marathon into a non-event or 9/11 into a nonevent.
There also seems to be a difference in the way we react to deaths caused by violence than to deaths caused by accident. I imagine that the explosion in Texas did a lot more damage and killed more people than in Boston and it would have been just as terrifying. It could be because one of them made us feel under attack and thats a scarier feeling.
The Texas explosion is an action (or so it seems) and accidents tend to lack intentionality. When an act is intentional, as in the Boston explosions, we want to know why someone felt a need to do that. If it turns out the Texas explosion was an act of terrorism or sabotage, we'll become more interested in it. Otherwise, it's just something sad and unfortunate that happened.
It may have something to do with the existence of a focal point for blame. When there is a specific perpetrator and the act is malicious, it enables the emotion of shock to be converted to anger, thus giving it an outlet for release.
It's... unethical? Not that I don't think it's brilliant.


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Kryventsov: Congratulations to the team on their good start
The head coach of Shakhtar U21 team reflects on the victorious start to the season in the encounter with Vorskla
- Firstly, I want to congratulate the team on their good start! We started the league season with a win, claiming three points in the away match. Given that we are facing a meeting with Dynamo, the outcome is also important from a psychological point of view. If we analyse the game, we've played in a very powerful manner in the first half: we operated briskly, with the opponents not managing to keep up with us, we gained the advantage and left for the break being 2-0 in front. In the dressing room, we told the guys that that's an insecure score and that in the second half we need to consolidate our success. In addition, we had a numerical advantage after a Poltava player had been sent off. But it turned just the other way around. Every player felt that the result was secure and they could relax. As a result, we conceded a goal, having two or three more unpleasant moments. It's good that we came to our senses on time, scoring the third goal and securing the win. Now we are going to prepare for the game versus our arch-rivals in a good mood.
- Several players have debuted for Shakhtar U21. What can you say about them?
- All the guys did well, they came out with great desire and wanted to prove themselves. I'm very happy with the performance of Volodymyr Yakimets: he played reliably, diligently, winning numerous challenges and being helpful offensively when the team had the ball. Yefym Konoplya had some positional errors, but we also thanked him and congratulated him on his debut. Well, Oleksii Kaschuk did very well as a sub player: he was active and notched up a goal.
- Already in the second round the Miners are facing an important encounter with Dynamo. Is it good or bad to have such an important game early in the league season?
- A bit disturbing is the fact that we didn't have enough time to introduce our playing principles to the squad. And given that many players came from the U19 team, it will take more time. The main thing is that the guys quickly grasp that it's not youth football any more, that they are to face the adult opponents and operate at a fully different pace. We'll try to maximally psych up the team, and it's very important not to make mistakes while choosing the players for the game.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Meet NOLAN a mixed breed boy weighing in at 36 lbs. Nola is thought to be 4 - 6 years of age. Nolan was an outside dog so he is a work in process working on his house training. He is a very good boy, loves his walks and gets along great with other dogs. Nolan is looking for his forever home.


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Atmósfera vol.26 n.3 México Jun. 2013
Seasonal variation of airborne fungal propagules indoor and outdoor of domestic environments in Mérida, Mexico
C. PONCE-CABALLERO, M. GAMBOA-MARRUFO, M. LÓPEZ-PACHECO, I. CERÓN-PALMA, C. QUINTAL-FRANCO, G. GIÁCOMAN-VALLEJOS and J. H. LORÍA-ARCILA
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Av. Industrias no Contaminantes por Anillo Periférico Norte S/N, apartado postal 150 Cordemex, Mérida, Yucatán, México. Corresponding author: C. Ponce-Caballero; e-mail: cponce@uady.mx
Received January 5, 2012; accepted February 6, 2013
El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la variación estacional de propágulos fúngicos en ambientes interiores y exteriores de casas habitación en Mérida, México. Asimismo, este estudio examina la relación entre el número de propágulos fúngicos en ambientes interiores y exteriores con parámetros ambientales como temperatura, humedad y velocidad del viento. El muestreo se realizó durante los periodos de secas (mayo), lluvias (octubre) y frentes fríos (febrero) en el interior y exterior de viviendas. Las medias geométricas de la concentración de propágulos fúngicos interiores y exteriores fueron de 1653 y 1432 UFC/m3 durante los frentes fríos, de 125 y 92 UFC/m3 durante el periodo de secas y de 1326 y 1145 UFC/m3 durante el periodo de lluvias, respectivamente. La fracción respirable se incrementó de 50 a 100%. La composición de géneros fúngicos exhibió una variación estacional: se identificaron 19 géneros durante los tres periodos, entre los que se encuentran principalmente Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp. y Acremonium spp. La concentración de propágulos fúngicos y la heterogeneidad encontrada en Mérida fueron análogas a las detectadas en estudios similares en otras ciudades con clima tropical húmedo. Este estudio concluye que la concentración de propágulos fúngicos y su fracción respirable pueden vincularse con varios factores del medio ambiente, principalmente con la humedad relativa.
The aim of this study was to establish the seasonal variation of fungal propagules in homes of Mérida, Mexico, and to examine the relation between their concentrations in enclosed and open locations taking into account environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and wind speed. Samples were taken inside and outside domestic environments during the most characteristic weather seasons in the region: dry season (sampled in May), rainy season (sampled in October), and cold fronts season (sampled in February). The geometric mean of the indoors and outdoors concentration of airborne fungal propagules was 1653 and 1432 CFU/m3 during the cold fronts period, 125 and 92 CFU/m3 during the dry period, and 1326 and 1145 CFU/m3 during the rainy period. The respirable fraction during the three periods sampled was always within a range of 50 to 100%. The composition of fungal genera exhibited a seasonal change, and 19 of these were identified. The main genera found during the three periods were Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., and Acremonium spp. The fungal aerosol concentrations and diversity found in Mérida, Mexico, were similar to those from other reports of cities with comparable tropical humid climate. This study concludes that the concentration of airborne fungal propagules and its respirable fraction can be related to several meteorological factors, mainly to relative humidity.
Keywords: Bioaerosols, fungal propagules, interior environment air, humidity stains, environmental factors.
The environment contains naturally fungi, which are an important factor for the decomposition of organic matter. However, in interior spaces, fungi could be an important factor in human pathology (Carrer et al., 2001; Mendell et al., 2011). These microorganisms may affect human health in several ways. The possible human reactions are allergies (sensitization and immune response [e.g., asthma, allergic rhinitis or hypersensitivity pneumonitis]), infections (fungal infections [e.g., aspergillosis]) and toxic responses (Husman, 1996; Gorny et al., 2002).
Epidemiologic research has shown that these diseases are frequently associated with exposure to large amounts of fungal spores in the air (Mendell et al., 2011). However, infectious diseases caused by inhalation of different fungi depend not only on the number of spores inhaled, but also on the site of deposition in the respiratory system, which is directly related to the aerodynamic diameter of the particle (fungal spore). Particles smaller than 5 ixm (the so-called respirable fraction) are able to penetrate into the alveoli and can lead to allergic alveolitis and other serious illnesses (Pastuszka et al., 2000).
The concentrations of fungal spores in the outdoor air may vary greatly depending on the weather and the climate. Generally, outdoor air is the dominant source of indoor fungi. Many fungal spores are transported across great distances and are also regularly found indoors. The fungal spores enter a building through outdoor air intakes (e.g., the air conditioning systems, doors and windows), and as contaminants on building materials and contents (Shelton et al., 2002).
In homes with adequate thermal insulation, moisture control and healthy room conditions, fungal spores normally have no chance to colonize. Indoor spaces that have low humidity and characteristic air movements as a result of heating and natural ventilation do not provide favorable conditions for the survival of fungi. In cases of high humidity, however, fungi may grow on almost all organic substrates. Pasanen et al. (1991) found that temperatures between 21-30 °C and relative humidities higher than 75% could induce faster fungal germination and growth. Therefore, it is considered that fungi grow much easier in areas with humid-warm climate. The city of Mérida in Yucatán, Mexico is characterized by a humid-warm climate with annual mean temperature of 25.2 °C and mean relative humidity of 70% (Conagua, 2000).
In this context, the aim of this study was to establish, for Latin-American affordable housing in tropical climate, the seasonal variation of fungal propagules indoor and outdoor of domestic environments; to evaluate the existing relation between the number of colony-forming units (CFU) and its corresponding respirable fraction considering the environmental conditions at the moment of sampling; and to establish an equation to help predicting indoors CFU concentrations using a multiple regression analysis.
2.1 Sampling sites
The air samples were collected during the months of February, April and October 2008 within the most characteristic weather seasons in the region: the cold fronts period, and the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. Samples were taken between 10:00 and 14:00 LT in the living room from houses built one to three years before this study, in a residential neighborhood (affordable housing) located at the northern section of the city of Mérida in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. Thirty houses were selected on the basis of interest shown by the residents to participate in the study; all of these were sampled during the cold fronts season, but only 27 were sampled during the dry season and 24 during the rainy season. All selected houses presented the same type of construction (kind of windows and building materials); however, some of them were two stories high, had different orientation and history of previous moisture damage (with and without mold problems). None of the houses had air conditioning system in the room where the sampling was carried out but all of them had ceiling fans.
2.2 Indoors and outdoors fungal propagules
Air samples were collected inside and outside of the homes, using the six-stage Andersen impactor model 10-709 1 ACFM, with aerodynamic cut-size diameters by level of 7, 4.7, 3.4, 2.1, 1.1, and 0.65 lim (Andersen Instruments Inc.). Stages 2 to 6 were used to obtain the respirable fraction (diameters between 4.7 and 0.65 iim). Culturable airborne fungal propagules were collected on Petri dishes with malt extract agar (MEA), a solid general-purpose media for cultivation of fungi and yeast, with 0.1 g/L of novobiocin to inhibit bacterial growth. The equipment was located at a natural breathing height of 1.5 m, and sampling periods were of 4 to 5 min, withdrawing air at a flow rate of 28.3 L/min.
2.3 Sample analysis
After air sampling, the petri dishes were incubated for three days at room temperature (approximately 26 °C) for counting CFUs. The total culturable fungal aerosol concentration was determined by dividing the corrected colony count (using the positive-hole correction) by the volume of air sampled and was reported as colony forming units per cubic meter of air (CFU/m3). The positive-hole correction is used to take into account the probability of particles going into empty holes on a given petri plate while sampling is carried out (Andersen, 1958). The genera of fungi were identified after incubating for 28 days based upon their micro- and macro-morphological characteristics, using standard taxonomic keys (De Hoog et al., 2000; Barnett and Hunter, 1998; Dugan, 2006).
2.4 Environmental parameters
Simultaneously to the air sampling, meteorological data (temperature and relative humidity) were recorded with an indoor air quality Quest Temp data-logging monitor (Quest Technologies Corp.).
2.5 Statistical analysis
Descriptive statistics, including minima, maxima, geometric means and medians were used for the data analysis. The correlation coefficients for different parameters were calculated using simple linear regression models. A multiple regression analysis of seven independent variables with forward selection was carried out aiming to obtain an equation that would help to predict the concentration of fungal aerosols inside the houses. The independent variables were external CFU concentration, internal and external temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. All the statistical analyses were made using two statistical software programs: the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 13.0 for Windows and Statgraphics Plus 5.1 for Windows.
3.1 Bioaerosols respirable fraction
The concentration of fungal propagules found during the three characteristic weather seasons in the region is shown in Table I. During the cold fronts season the geometric means were 1653 and 1432 CFU/m3 at indoor and outdoor environmental air, respectively; while during the dry season they were 125 CFU/m3 indoors and 92 CFU/m3 outdoors. During the rainy season the geometric means of these concentrations were 1326 and 1145 CFU/m3, respectively. The respirable fungal particles found during all seasons were between 50 to 100% of the total fungal concentrations.
The total concentrations of fungal propagules outdoors showed no significant differences with its corresponding concentrations indoors in each season. Also, the only significant difference between seasonal concentrations of fungal propagules was found between the dry and the other two seasons (P < 0.05). Between the rainy season and the period of cold fronts there were no significant differences.
3.2 Fungal aerosols indoor/outdoor ratios (I/O)
The indoor/outdoor ratios (I/O) for fungal aerosols are also shown in Table I. These I/O ratios for the cold fronts season were between 0.2 and 7.5 with a median of 1.1. For the dry season, the fungal aerosols I/O ratios median value was 1.0, with a range from 0.3 to 35.3. For the rainy season, these I/O ratios were between 0.6 and 8.8, and their median was also 1.0.
The I/O ratios obtained for fungal aerosols varied from house to house in the sample, but the mean values were not different amongst seasons. Therefore, most of the ratio values obtained for all seasons were near 1. This value indicates a balance between the particles found indoors with those found outdoors, possibly due to natural ventilation conditions existing in all the houses (lack of air conditioning systems). Higher indoor concentration levels and variability in the I/O ratios observed for airborne fungi in seven houses may be associated with indoor sources. These indoor sources may be related to lack of proper ventilation, which increases the humidity indoors. The I/O ratios < 1 may be related with partial penetration of airborne fungal propagules from outdoor to indoor environment.
Peculiarly, the maximal I/O ratio (35.3) occurred in a house where the residents reported no visible mold problems. The indoor concentration in this house could be influenced by the construction activities outdoors in the surroundings of the sampling point.
3.3 Fungal propagules heterogeneity
An important consequence of air microbial contamination consists on the possibility of being exposed to high fungal-spore concentrations, increasing the risk of asthma and diverse respiratory syndromes. Nevertheless, asthma and allergic rhinitis are not only caused by exposure to high concentrations of aerosols; another important factor in the development of the disease is the type of spores to which they are exposed. Ege et al. (2011) found that the microbial exposure levels indoors was less important than the composition and diversity, therefore, exposure to different fungal or microbial profiles may produce different health effects.
Figures 1 and 2 show the main fungi genera found in indoor and outdoor air. We identified 19 fungal genera in total; 18 and 16 were found during the dry and cold fronts seasons, respectively; while during the rainy season only 11 fungal genera were present. The main fungal genera found during the three seasons were Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., and Acremonium spp. However, Absidia spp. and Trichophyton spp. were found during the cold fronts season only, while Botrytis spp., Chaetomium spp., Malassezia spp., Memnoniella spp., and Nigrospora spp. were present only during the dry season.
Future research is necessary to examine thoroughly the effects of bioaerosols exposition in health problems. However, Cladosporium fungal spores, as well as Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Penicillium have been frequently found in patients with chronic sinusitis (Shin et al., 2007) and are classified as allergenic fungi (Gómez de Ana et al., 2007).
The main fungi genera identified in this work are similar to those found in countries with diverse weather conditions, where members of Cladosporium spp. were predominant, e.g., Lee and Jo (2006) in Korea, Lis et al. (1997) in Poland, Pei-Chih et al. (2000) in Taiwan and Takahashi (1997) in Japan.
3.4 Environmental factors
Humidity and temperature are well known as the main environmental factors that influence the development of fungi; therefore, they were monitored. The results are shown in Table II.
During the cold fronts season relative humidity varied from 30 to 69% outdoors and from 35 to 77% indoors; during the dry season, from 22 to 72% and from 31 to 73%, respectively. During the rainy season, relative humidity varied from 38 to 68%, and from 46 to 78%, outdoors and indoors, respectively. The composition of fungal aerosols also exhibited a seasonal variation according to the climatic conditions of the area. Temperatures ranged between 25 and 38 °C, from 27 to 41 °C and from 25 to 33 °C during the cold fronts, dry and rainy seasons, respectively.
3.5 Relationship between airborne fungal propagules and environmental factors
The correlation coefficients between total airborne fungal propagules and its respirable fraction indoors and outdoors, as well as the correlation coefficients amongst the diverse environmental factors analyzed, are shown in Figure 3.
Environmental temperature is reported by several authors as the main environmental factor related to the amount of bioaerosols in the air (Li and Kendrick, 1995; Jones and Harrison, 2004). Nevertheless, in this study temperature presents a negative correlation with the number of airborne fungal propagules in the environmental air indoors and outdoors, as well as its respirable fraction. This can be explained due to the characteristic temperate weather in Mérida, Yucatán, which does not present extreme temperatures throughout the year. The median of temperature during the sampling days was between 29 and 36 °C for the three sampling seasons. Therefore, given that the optimal temperature for fungal growth is between 21 and 30 °C (Pasanen et al., 1991), a higher temperature presents a lower number of airborne fungal propagules.
In this study it can be observed that amongst the different environmental parameters, relative humidity (indoors and outdoors) was the environmental factor most related to the number of airborne fungal propagules found. The positive correlation coefficients of relative humidity with the fungal spores found, corroborates what other studies have reported regarding the importance of humidity for the development of mycelial structures of different types of fungus (Jones and Harrison, 2004).
There is a statistically significant relation between total airborne fungal propagules and its corresponding respirable fraction (P < 0.01); this means that the number of propagules in the environmental air (indoors or outdoors) gives an estimate of its corresponding respirable fraction. Determination of airborne fungal-propagules respirable fraction is important because this parameter assists on estimating the impact of bioaerosols on human health (Pastuszka et al., 2000). Moreover, the amount of outdoor fungal propagules is moderately related with their quantity indoors and vice versa.
Also, there is a positive correlation between indoors temperature and relative humidity with its corresponding outdoor values, this is, the values of outdoor parameters (temperature and relative humidity) would help to predict with approximately 76 to 85% accuracy the values of these parameters inside the houses. This high correlation is due to the natural ventilation and lack of insulation of the houses, which allows the easy transmission of these values from external to internal spaces.
3.6 Multiple regression
As Table III shows, statistically significant positive correlations of indoors CFU concentrations with diverse indoor and outdoor environmental factors were obtained. Trying to achieve an equation that would help to predict indoors CFU concentrations from seven independent variables, we carried out a multiple regression analysis using forward selection with the following indoor and outdoor environmental parameters as independent variables: colony forming units outdoors per cubic metre (CFUO); temperature outdoors (TO); relative humidity outdoors (RHO); wind speed outdoors (WSO); temperature indoors (TI); relative humidity indoors (RHI); and wind speed indoors (WSI).
The resulting equation of the adjusted model was
CFUI = 3263.08 + 0.658541*CFUO - 80.8659*TO
with r2 = 0.4179; adjusted model degrees of freedom = 2; residual degrees of freedom = 66; r2 adjusted for degrees of freedom = 0.4003; PCONSTANT = 0.0195; Pcfuo = 0.0000; PTO = 0.0487; Padjusted model = 0.0000; and Fadjusted model = 23.69.
During the multiple regression analysis the statistical parameter r2 obtained implied that the model explains 41.79% of the CFUI (colony forming units indoors per cubic meter). The standard error of the estimate was 1333.25 CFU. This value could be used to define prediction limits for new observations. The highest P value of the independent variables was 0.0487, corresponding to the TO. Because the P value is lower than 0.05, this term is statistically significant for a 95% confidence level and therefore it is not convenient to withdraw any variables from the model.
As expected, the seasonal concentration of airborne fungal propagules decreased when the season changed from cold fronts to dry, and increased during the other two seasonal changes (dry to rainy and rainy to cold fronts). Of the total fungal propagules, 50 to 100% corresponded to the respirable fraction in both in- and outdoor environments. The fungal aerosol concentrations found in Mérida, Mexico, were similar to those reported for other cities with tropical humid climate. The main fungi identified in this study were similar to those found in countries with diverse weather conditions, where Cladosporium spp. were predominant.
In this study, temperature presented a negative correlation with the total and respirable fraction of airborne fungal propagule concentrations indoors and outdoors, while its correlation with relative humidity was positive. The regression model used in this study can be used in the future to predict CFUI from CFUO and TO. It can be used for typical Latin American countries with tropical climate, high humidity, and lack of air conditioning systems due to high costs of electricity, in homes of similar construction (affordable housing) and age (one to three years old).
The equation of the adjusted model obtained to predict CFUI was reduced from seven independent outdoor and indoor variables to only two easy achievable outdoor variables, making the prediction easier to attain. This information could be used to detect homes with indoor sources by comparing predictions with readings of higher concentrations of CFUIs, and to reduce these sources either by increasing the natural ventilation or through more costly solutions like air conditioning systems or dehumidifiers.
The research team is grateful to home residents that permitted access to their houses.
Andersen A. A., 1958. New sampler for the collection, sizing and enumeration of viable airborne particles. J. Bacteriol. 76, 471-484. [ Links ]
Barnett H. L. and B. B. Hunter, 1998. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. 4th ed. APS press, St. Paul, Minn., 218 pp. [ Links ]
Carrer P., M. Maroni, D. Alcini and D. Cavallo, 2001. Allergens in indoor air: environmental assessment and health effects. Sci. Total Environ. 270, 33-42. [ Links ]
Conagua, 2000. Normales climatológicas de Mérida, Yucatán. Periodo 1981-2000. Observatorio Sinóptico SMN-CAN, Comisión Nacional del Agua, Mexico, 1 p. [ Links ]
De Hoog G., J. Guarro, J. Gene and M. Figueras, 2000. Atlas of clinical fungi. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS), Utrecht, The Netherlands, 1160 pp. [ Links ]
Dugan F. M., 2006. The identification of fungi. APS Press, Minnesota, 184 pp. [ Links ]
Ege M. J., M. Mayer, A. C. Normand, J. Genuneit, W. O. Cookson, C. Braun-Fahrländer, D. Heederik, R. Piarroux, E. von Mutius, S. Apprich, J. Bauer, A. Boznanski, C. Braun-Fahrlander, G. Büchele, W. Cookson, P. Cullinan, H. Danielewicz, A. Dębińska, M. Depner, M. Ege, U. Frey, O. Fuchs, J. Genuneit, D. Heederik, E. Horak, A. Hyvärinen, S. Illi, M. Kabesch, K. Kovacs, A. Kosmęda, W. Kneifel, P. Latzin, R. Lauener, G . Loss, S. J. MacNeill, M. Mayer, B. Morass, A. C. Normand, I. Noss, G. Pershagen, R. Piarroux, H. Renz, H . Rintala, M. K. Rochat, K. Schwaiger, N. Sitaridis, B. Sozanska, D. Strachan, C. Strunz-Lehner, B. Sudre, E. von Mutius, M. Waser, J. Weber and I. Wouters for the GABRIELA Transregio 22 Study Group, 2011. Exposure to environmental microorganisms and childhood asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 364, 701-709. [ Links ]
Gómez de Ana S., J. M. Torres-Rodríguez, E. Alvarado-Ramírez, S. Mojal-García and J. Belmonte-Soler, 2007. Seasonal distribution of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium species isolated in homes of fungal allergic patients. J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 16, 357-363. [ Links ]
Gorny R. L., T. Reponen, K. Willeke, D. Schmechel, E. Robine, M. Boissier and S. A. Grinshpun, 2002. Fungal fragments as indoor air biocontaminants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 3522-3531. [ Links ]
Husman T., 1996. Health effects of indoor-air microorganisms. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 22, 5-13 [ Links ]
Jones A. M. and R. M. Harrison, 2004. The effects of meteorological factors on atmospheric bioaerosol concentrations-a review. Sci. Total Environ. 326, 151-180. [ Links ]
Lee J. H and W. K. Jo, 2006. Characteristics of indoor and outdoor bioaerosols at Korean high-rise apartment buildings. Environ. Res. 101, 11-17. [ Links ]
Li D. W. and B. Kendrick, 1995. A year-round study on functional relationships of airborne fungi with meteorological factors. Int. J. Biometeorol. 39, 74-80. [ Links ]
Lis D. O., J. S. Pastuszka and R. L. Górny, 1997. The prevalence of bacterial and fungal aerosol in homes, offices and ambient air of Upper Silesia. Preliminary results. Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig. 48, 59-68. [ Links ]
Mendell M. J., A. G. Mirer, K. Cheung, M. Tong and J. Douwes, 2011. Respiratory and allergic health effect of dampness, mold, and dampness-related agents: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Environ. Health Perspect. 119, 748-756. [ Links ]
Pasanen A. L., O. Kalliokioski, P. Pasanen, M. J. Jantunen and A. Nevalainen, 1991. Laboratory studies on the relationship between fungal growth and atmospheric temperature and humidity. Environ. Int. 17, 225-228. [ Links ]
Pastuszka J. S., U. K. Tha-Paw, D. O. Lis, A. Wlazlo and K. Ulfig, 2000. Bacterial and fungal aerosol in indoor environment in Upper Silesia, Poland. Atmos. Environ. 34, 3833-3842. [ Links ]
Pei-Chih W., S. Huey-Jen and L. Chia-Yin, 2000. Characteristics of indoor and outdoor airborne fungi at suburban and urban homes in two seasons. Sci. Total Environ. 253, 111-118. [ Links ]
Shelton B. G., K. H. Kirkland, D. Flanders and G. Morris, 2002. Profiles of airborne fungi in buildings and outdoor environments in the United States. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 1743-1753. [ Links ]
Shin S. H., M. K. Ye and Y. H. Lee, 2007. Fungus culture of the nasal secretion of chronic rhinosinusitis patients: seasonal variations in Daegu, Korea. Am. J. Rhinol. 21, 556-559. [ Links ]
Takahashi T., 1997. Airborne fungal colony-forming units in outdoor and indoor environments in Yokohama, Japan. Mycopathologia. 139, 23-33. [ Links ]
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Stained fruit | Flickr - Photo Sharing!
© Karo, ♥ Jovas ♥ ツ, VanMagenta, and 5 other people added this photo to their favorites.
Ciao, sono amministratore di un gruppo chiamato The Vegan Artist And Photographer. Ci farebbe piacere aggiungere l'elemento al gruppo.
Perfect detail. I love kiwi!!!
Did you see my Kiwifoto?
I saw this in the Zero+ Faves group and Faved it.
stunning shot, looks yummy as well!


text:
Q: Angular Directive and Childrens I wan't to make a Directive for Angular 1.x. I'm thinking in something like this:
<myDirective>

Header

Content here

</myDirective>

So my question if it's posible access to "title" and "content" class of the html and change, for example, the background color for "title" element..
Anyone can help me?

A: Hi you can do it by normal css as you would do for any other html content.
here is a working link to see how it works https://plnkr.co/edit/WaqTKb4IhjlWZsE5Q7Cb?p=preview
so if your directive was :
<my-directive>

Header

Content here

</my-directive>

you could access the elements like so (these styles go where you're defining styles for the rest of the normal html)
my-directive > .title
{
background-color:red;
}

my-directive > .content
{
background-color:red;
}

A: You could use ng-class to do it. Declare your CSS classes that will alternate in the directive, and use a condition in ng-class that will decide which will be active.
Some examples of how to use it:

Here is the docs about it:
ng-class docs
You can look into this site for more details on how to use ng-class:
The many ways to use ng-class
Good luck!


Lewis County High School is located in Vanceburg, Kentucky. Scholarships for students attending Lewis County High School can be found in our scholarship database. If you are searching for scholarships for students attending a different high school in Vanceburg, visit the Vanceburg directory.


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Northside Auto is dedicated to providing a convenient and friendly environment for customers to have their vehicle needs addressed in a timely fashion. We pride ourselves on our ability to provide a business which treats both customers and employees fairly while producing a stable and friendly work environment.


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Burgum directs flags flown at half-staff through Sunday for victims of coronavirus pandemic
<< All News Friday, May 22, 2020 Categories:
Gov. Doug Burgum has directed government agencies to fly the United States and North Dakota flags at half-staff until sunset Sunday, May 24, and encourages North Dakotans to do the same at their homes and businesses, as a mark of solemn respect for the victims of the coronavirus pandemic.
The governor's directive is in accordance with a proclamation issued late Thursday by President Donald Trump.
"Kathryn and I extend our deepest condolences to every North Dakota family and community grieving the loss of a loved one to this global pandemic," Burgum said. "This weekend, we remember and honor those we have lost to COVID-19, and we reaffirm our commitment to a Smart Restart that protects the lives and livelihoods of all North Dakotans while emphasizing personal responsibility and caring for our fellow citizens."
As of Thursday, the North Dakota Department of Health reported 51 individuals had died while infected with COVID-19, including 38 who died from the disease, six whose death certificate listed something other than COVID-19 as the official cause of death, and seven cases in which the official death record was pending. Nationwide, more than 93,000 have died, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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The Freedom Park Playground will be closed for the next couple of weeks for construction. We are replacing some components, adding some new pieces and installing new recycled rubber safety surfacing in the entire playground area. This work is being funded by a $220,000 grant under the Burlington County Municipal Park Development Grant program.
Cranberry Park and Fort Medford in Bob Meyer Park are also getting some new playground components too.
Stay tuned for photos of the new & improved playgrounds!!


text:
Mock Caldecott, 2014: Manhattan, Kansas edition
Just back from our Mock Caldecott, held today at the Manhattan [Kansas] Public Library, and again organized by KSU's Children's and Adolescent Literature Community (special thanks to Allison Kuehne and Becca Rowe!). In anticipation of the Caldecott Awards (held in January), we spent a few hours looking at and discussing what may or may not be the best American picture books of year. That is, we try to look at the best, but we can't always get everything we need in time. (For example, omitted this year were Sergio Ruzzier's A Letter for Leo and Mark Newgarden and Megan Montague Cash's Bow-Wow's Nightmare Neighbors — both books that I expect other Mock Caldecott groups, and the Caldecott Committee itself, are looking at.) The process is imperfect, but it's still fun to spend the afternoon looking at picture books, and debating their merits!
The Winner:
Marla Frazee, The Farmer and the Clown
Wordless tale of an unlikely friendship. In well-designed, dynamic layouts, Frazee's book tells the story of a young clown who falls off the train of a traveling circus, and gets adopted by a farmer. The friendship that develops between the unlikely pair touched our group this afternoon, as did the unexpected resolution of the tale. (I don't want to give anything away here….)
The Honor Books:
We had quite a few honor books. Here they are, in the order of how many votes they received.
Dan Santat, The Adventures of Beekle: The Unimaginary Friend
Where do imaginary friends come from? And what if some imaginary friends fail to get imagined by children? In answer to both questions, Dan Santat has Beekle — an imaginary friend — set off in search of a young human who will befriend him. A book that bears a bit of influence from Shaun Tan (especially The Lost Thing), The Adventures of Beekle is already in Emily's Library. (Coming later this week: a new installment in my attempt to build for my niece the "ideal" children's library.)
The next two books were tied with the same number of votes each.
Kadir Nelson, Baby Bear
In his hyperreal artistic style, Nelson paints an animal story that is at once an adventure of a lost bear trying to get home, and a philosophical meditation on how we find our place in the world. It's a different kind of book for Nelson (I don't think he's done other animal books), and he does it very well. Sustained by its striking artwork and compelling child surrogate (baby bear, of course!), this beautiful book is also already in Emily's Library.
Mike Curato, Little Elliot, Big City
With illustrations that really draw you in, Curato's tale of a small cupcake-loving polka-dotted elephant (Elliot) has heart. I think, too, that its treatment of the central character's height will resonate with younger readers: to be a child is to exist in a world designed for giants, where everything is too large, too long, or out of reach. Curato captures that experience well. It's sweet without being pat — and that's a delicate balance to achieve. It's a future addition to Emily's Library. (I hadn't seen it until today.)
J. Patrick Lewis and Gary Kelley, Harlem Hellfighters
Also a book I encountered for the first time this afternoon, Harlem Hellfighters was my top pick of the 25 we looked at today. In spare, poetic text, and striking images, the book tells the story of the most decorated African American combat unit to serve in the First World War. With a great use of comics layout, and words both suggestive and specific, it does the impossible job of conveying historical detail and nuance all within the confines of a picture book. It shows how the same group of people who were being lynched here in the U.S. were serving abroad with valor and distinction — juxtaposing their European heroism with American lynchings. And, though it has a strong moral message, Lewis and Kelley convey that without moralizing. Probably not a book for the youngest readers, Harlem Hellfighters should be required reading for American children of 7 and up in the Ferguson Era. (I don't know if we have a term for the legal murder of people of color, as practiced in contemporary America — so, I'm using "Ferguson Era" as shorthand.)
Kate Samworth, Aviary Wonders Inc. Spring Catalog and Instruction Manual
This one — the last of our Honor Books — blew me away, and was also on my short list. I'd read about it before today, but had never actually seen it. In the guise of a catalogue for the (fictional) Aviary Wonders Inc., Samworth teaches us about anatomy, flight, and extinction. With a dark sense of humor and design evocative of both contemporary catalogues and nineteenth-century science, Aviary Wonders Inc. tells the sad story of our loss of biodiversity. In offering instructions for how to make birds, Samworth commemorates those species that humans have destroyed. If this sounds impossible to you, then all I can say is check it out. It sounds impossible to me, too — only because I've read Samworth's book can I report that it's not only possible but a remarkable achievement. One of the year's best picture books.
What are your favorite picture books from 2014? (Though the Caldecott recognizes excellence in American picture books, there's no need to restrict yourself to ones from the U.S.)
Mock Caldecott 2013: Manhattan, Kansas Edition
Congratulations, Caldecott Losers!
Kadir Nelson Is the Best; or, When the Caldecott Committee Strikes Out
The Art and Wisdom of Kadir Nelson
December 7, 2014 · Filed under Art, Awards, Children's Literature, Picture Books
Joy Corcoran Said,
Thanks so much for sharing this list. I try to keep on top of what's being published but hadn't heard of several of these. It's a rich world for picture book lovers. I found your blog from The Niblings facebook post. Lucky me!


text:
Q: Is current Unix epoch in PHP UTC? Is current Unix epoch in PHP UTC? Or it is the local time?

A: Generally, the Unix epoch is in UTC regardless of programming language.
From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time:

The Unix epoch is the time 00:00:00 UTC on 1 January 1970 (or 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z ISO 8601).

A: The UNIX Epoch is 1/1/1970 UTC as Trott said but for PHP Epoch is in your current timezone.  I use this script to print it out. When I print it out using this script it's always in my current timezone.
<?php
date_default_timezone_set("US/Pacific");

print_r(array(
    '$argv' => $argv,
    'strtotime' => strtotime($argv[1]),
    'date' => date("H:i:s m/d/Y", strtotime($argv[1])),
));

Here's a link to the PHP source strtotime() and you can read in the function where it's getting the timezone.
PHP_FUNCTION(strtotime)
{
    zend_string *times;
    int error1, error2;
    timelib_error_container *error;
    zend_long preset_ts = 0, ts;
    timelib_time *t, *now;
    timelib_tzinfo *tzi;

    ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(1, 2)
    Z_PARAM_STR(times)
    Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL
    Z_PARAM_LONG(preset_ts)
    ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END_EX(RETURN_FALSE);

    tzi = get_timezone_info();

    now = timelib_time_ctor();
    now->tz_info = tzi;
    now->zone_type = TIMELIB_ZONETYPE_ID;
    timelib_unixtime2local(now,
    (ZEND_NUM_ARGS() == 2) ? (timelib_sll) preset_ts : (timelib_sll) time(NULL));

    t = timelib_strtotime(ZSTR_VAL(times), ZSTR_LEN(times), &error,
    DATE_TIMEZONEDB, php_date_parse_tzfile_wrapper);
    error1 = error->error_count;
    timelib_error_container_dtor(error);
    timelib_fill_holes(t, now, TIMELIB_NO_CLONE);
    timelib_update_ts(t, tzi);
    ts = timelib_date_to_int(t, &error2);

    timelib_time_dtor(now);
    timelib_time_dtor(t);

    if (error1 || error2) {
      RETURN_FALSE;
    } else {
      RETURN_LONG(ts);
    }
}


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Deposits include open pit and underground kimberlite pipe/dyke/fissure mining, alluvial mining, and on and offshore marine mining. Diamond mines in South Africa are operated by De Beers. Petra Diamonds bought many mines previously owned by De Beers and many other producers including Trans Hex and Diamondcorp.
Mar 15, 2016· MRA to aid alluvial minersPapua New Guinea Mine Watch. ... Minerals Large alluvial diamond mining site at alluvial flat in Wenchi, March 2009. Diamond Production Map and MapResources. mechanized mines or an enormous number of artisanal workers in alluvial deposits.
Buying Diamonds in Guinea. 4/28/2012 123 Comments Guinea Francs. It is another hot and humid day today in Guinea, West Africa. ... we are in gold and diamonds mining in tanzania with our monthly production at 400 kg selling at 28000 usd per kg Reply. Mohamed. 12/5/2017 07:06:46 pm. ... alluvial gold and diamonds in bulk quantities.
Significant diamond mineralisation in the Bounoudou area was established in the early 1950's and diamonds from high grade, shallow alluvial deposits near Bounoudou village rapidly became the most prolific source of mined diamonds in Guinea.
This area has historically produced the largest and highest value diamonds in Guinea with numerous high quality diamonds of over 200 carats having been recovered from commercial alluvial mining operations in the vicinity.
This report presents the methodology and results of a diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of the alluvial diamond deposits of Ghana.
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Home Live Gig Photos Paramore + Bleachers, Rod Laver Arena, Melbourne, Australia
Paramore + Bleachers, Rod Laver Arena, Melbourne, Australia
2014 marks the last time Paramore made the trip down under to grace us with their phenomenal pop punk sound. Four years later the Tennessee natives return to Melbourne bringing along a new sound with their latest album "After Laughter".
Dedicated fans crowded the outside of Rod Laver Arena not long before 6pm as they anxiously waited for the gates to open and at approximately 6:30pm that's exactly what happened as fans excitedly made their way into the arena, cheering once doors finally opened. This reviewer grabbed a cold one and took a seat for the exciting show that would surely follow.
At 7:30pm on the dot, from New York City, Bleachers burst onto the stage full of energy opening with Wild Heart. While I had not heard much of Bleachers prior to this it is fair to say that I am now a fan. The man behind the name Jack Antonoff's phenomenal stage presence had the crowd full of energy and excitement as the room was full of life, everyone was jumping and having a good time. Bleachers played songs such as Everybody Lost Someone, Hate That You Know Me & Rollercoaster. Jack mentioned how this was their very first show ever in Australia and that himself and the band were honoured to be here.
Having only mostly attended metal gigs in my time, this overall vibe was new to me but rest assured it was welcomed and I was majorly impressed with the use of two drummers, two keyboardists as well as less common instruments being used such as the saxophone that was played by Evan Smith.
At one point Jack took a second once again to address the crowd and express his happiness of being in Australia stating that "Things feel a bit tense in America", and that it "felt right" to be in Australia. Shortly after Jack acknowledged a drawn out "synth" note being played and begun to tell the story of songs he'd written in the past that would later become Bleachers songs.
Towards the end of the set Jack took the time to introduce each individual member of the live band as they performed a solo each for their respective instruments. Sean Hutchinson & Mike Riddleberger on the drums, Mikey Hart on bass guitar duties as well as some rhythm guitar, Evan Smith on keyboards as well as the saxophone and of course Jake on lead guitar and vocals. We were treated to one drum solo, and then a second, followed by a funky bass solo and then the impressive guitar vs sax solo duel, at one point the crowd was even repeating the notes of the saxophone.
They ended their set with Don't Take The Money and were left with roaring applause from the crowd.
Fast forward to 8:40pm the crowd was growing more excited by the minute as the "Paramore" chants began and at exactly 8:45pm the lights went out and Paramore took to the stage opening with the first single off "After Laughter" Hard Times. Immediately after Hard Times came the classic favourite Ignorance which showed Hayley Williams using an actual megaphone to sing some parts of the song instead just using the traditional effect through her mic, it was awesome! Not even stopping for a moment the band continued on keeping the party vibe going with Still Into You the audience were jumping and dancing, the room was just filled with nothing but good vibes with Hayley showing she has no intention of slowing down as her voice was phenomenal as always even while she was dancing.
After a few more songs Hayley stopped to address the crowd, welcoming to "Tour Four". Throughout the night the band mostly played songs off "After Laughter" I imagine to showcase their newfound sound and maturity. With these songs the party vibe was able to be bought down to a more chilled level showcasing some slower songs and creating a more than welcoming atmosphere for the audience.
Whether you're new to Paramore or an old dedicated fan there was definitely something for you on this night as they kicked up the vibe some more with another classic That's What You Get, the crowd sung along with pure joy upon hearing an old favourite, in fact there were a few people around crying tears of joy, I can honestly say I had goose bumps throughout many of these songs.
Taking another moment Hayley expressed her thanks towards us all for being there with them and thanks Bleachers for joining them on "Tour Four". She then asked the audience if they "bought someone they loved and cared about to the show tonight", at this point I thought to myself… well I did, but she's down getting sweaty in "the pit" and I'm up in the seats. I wasn't even mad though, I had an incredible view!
A highlight of the night for me was the audience holding their phone lights up during the slower songs, having nothing but those phones light up the arena really set the mood for those slower songs to follow.
Hayley once again thanks the crowd for their ongoing support over the years and spoke to us about the release of "Riot!", it's hard to believe that was 11 years ago. Hayley mentioned they were all around 17-18 years old back then and what an experience it was getting to see the world as teenagers. The reason for this speech was to introduce the ever classic Misery Business which as expected they absolutely nailed, the room was more alive than ever and I can guarantee everyone in the room suddenly felt their angsty teenage years flooding back to them.
Once they reached the bridge of Misery Business Hayley stopped the band and proceeded to say how the fans who have seen Paramore live before will know exactly what's happening, luckily she explained to those who hadn't (like myself) what was about to happen. She invited one lucky fan onto the stage who they just so happened to have met prior to the show to finish the song with them and he nailed it! I almost feel like I got more excited seeing this kid jump on stage with them than he was, but let's be honest nothing can compare to taking the stage with your idols.
They played Ain't It Fun before leaving the stage but let's be honest, we knew that wasn't it. With the crowd screaming louder than ever, Paramore made their way back to the stage and begun Grow Up.
Up next Hayley invited returning drummer Zac Farro front and centre so he could address the audience and then proceeded to sing a song from his side band HalfNoise.
With the end quickly drawing near, Hayley introduced the members of the band, first the touring members Justin York on rhythm guitar, Joey Howard on bass guitar, Logan MacKenzie on rhythm guitar and keyboards, Joseph Mullins on percussion and taking over for drums while Zac sung, and then official band member Taylor York on lead guitar, and of course returning original drummer Zac Farrow. Hayley mentioned how she "NEVER refers to her bandmates as "Mr" with the exception of on stage as she introduced herself as "Mr Hayley Williams" following laughter from herself and the audience.
Paramore gave their farewells and closed the show with Rose-Coloured Boy while sneaking in the lyrics of Whitney Houston's "I Wanna Dance With Somebody" in place of the original and just like that the show was over.
What an experience!
Bleachers Setlist:
Everybody Lost Somebody
Hate That You Know Me
You're Still a Mystery
I Wanna Get Better
Don't Take the Money
Paramore Setlist:
Hard Times (w/ snippet of Blondie's Heart Of Glass)
Still Into You
Fake Happy
That's What You Get
I Caught Myself
Hate to See Your Heart Break
Caught in the Middle
Told You So
Idle Worship
No Friend (with vocals from Aaron Weiss)
Misery Business (Fan chosen to sing bridge)
Ain't It Fun
French Class (HalfNoise cover)
Rose-Colored Boy (with Whitney Houston's 'I Wanna Dance With Somebody' snippet)
YOU CAN STILL BUY TICKETS TO PARAMORE'S BRISBANE AND AUCKLAND SHOWS HERE!
PHOTOS BY Bethany Mafrici
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Christopher Di Carlo
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An Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) calculator for Win32 with almost all of the cool features of the HP48 plus some new stuff made possible by Windows.
It supports the standard OLE datatypes as well as complex numbers, programs, matrixes, lists, binary integers, expressions, and unit objects. It has its own hierarchical storage system, and it is programmable with VBScript, JScript, or the Active Scripting language of your choice.
Almost everything in RPN Calc 2.0 is a COM object and is available in the scripts you write. This way you get all the power of RPN and stack-based programming combined with the power of functional or object-oriented programming. Trust me; it's very cool! If you're an RPN fan and a modern programmer using C++, Java, or VB, you'll love the ability to combine the best of both worlds. You can even use a different scripting language for each script!
Bill Menees only asks that you donate $5 to the charity of your choice.


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Large and Small FBOs Find Niches in an Evolving Market
In: National, Read My Lips
On March 3, Encore FBO LLC, GTCR and Platform acquired Landmark's airport services division from DAE. The company presently owns or manages 41 FBOs, including this base located at Los Angeles International Airport.
By Clayton Moore
In the early days of aviation, perceptive businessmen made decisions to stop chasing barnstormers across the country, forcing pilots to come to them for fuel, maintenance, repairs and other essential services. Past visionaries might've been shocked to discover what a hot commodity their businesses have become in the new century, where fixed base operations have become prime targets for investment, purchase and most recently, a wave of consolidation.
A new multimillion-dollar deal in March to acquire Landmark Aviation could be the pinnacle in a record-breaking arc of mergers and acquisitions that's swept the FBO industry in the past five years. The deal, backed by a coalition between an outside investment firm and a posse of experienced aviation consolidators, is representative of the high interest from well-known investment groups in a formerly fragmented segment of the aviation industry. It also reflects a constantly shifting marketplace, where conglomerates of FBOs, some moderately sized and some colossal corporate chains, are finding a place on the map.
"The trading of multiple locations is at the highest level we've seen in 30 years of following the industry," said Steve Dennis, chairman of Colorado-based Aviation Resource Group International, which advises and represents both regional chains like TAC Air, headquartered in Texas, and huge international operations like BBA Aviation, owner of Signature Flight Support. "It's been a seller's market, and it may continue to some degree, simply due to fewer properties coming on the market."
Jeff Kohlman, a principal at Colorado-based Aviation Management Consulting Group, said that although the consolidation efforts that have occurred recently may be slowing down, opportunities are still there.
"AMCG estimates that there are still several hundred excellent FBO opportunities that have yet to be acquired, or may have already been acquired but will be flipped in another large transaction," he said.
A Landmark transaction
Industry watchers have kept a close eye on the Encore/Landmark acquisition. Two financial backers accomplished the $436 million purchase of the FBO chain from United Arab Emirates-based Dubai Aerospace Enterprise. Chicago-based GTCR Golder Rauner, which controls more than $8 billion in capital investments, provided much of the funding. The consolidation experience came from Platform Partners, an experienced FBO management team largely comprised of former management from the sizeable Trajen operation, acquired by Atlantic Aviation in June 2006.
In 2007, DAE briefly retained ownership of Landmark as part of a $1.9 billion acquisition from The Carlyle Group. However, the U.S. Department of Justice required DAE to divest some of its assets. DAE sold its interest in Landmark's FBO chains but retained its other assets.
On March 3, Encore FBO LLC, GTCR and Platform acquired Landmark's airport services division from DAE, which included 33 FBOs. With Encore's existing eight facilities and Landmark's 33, the company presently owns or manages 41 FBOs. Facilities are strategically located at airports in the U.S., Canada and Europe. Encore also owns DoD fueling and fuel support systems businesses.
Today, Landmark competes against Signature, with 61 locations in the United States, and Atlantic, as well as smaller FBO chains like Ross Aviation, TAC Air, jetCenters, Stevens Aviation, Elliott Aviation, Volo Aviation, SheltAir Aviation Services and Galaxy Aviation.
"I believe there's an opportunity to enhance brand loyalty," said Dan Bucaro, Encore's president and CEO, who retains those titles with Landmark. "If you provide excellent customer service, with an equally strong safety record, that facilitates robust growth in the industry. If you're in Paris, France, or Springfield, Ill., and can count on the same level of customer service, then we have an opportunity to expand Landmark's brand loyalty."
Bucaro said it's not the number of locations that matter, but the quality.
Jeff Kohlman, a principal at Colorado-based Aviation Management Consulting Group, said that although the FBO consolidation efforts that have occurred over the last five years may be slowing down, opportunities are still there.
"It's about finding the right places and determining the types of locations we want," he said. "We're not engaged in some kind of race to be the largest FBO chain in America. We absolutely believe in consolidation; we'll actively acquire more locations this year and within the next number of years. But it's not about putting dots on the map. These are strategic acquisitions; we ask ourselves if a location enhances our network and benefits our customers. It has to make sense."
In addition to Bucaro, Landmark's team now includes key personnel from Trajen, including former CFO David Barnes, who now leads Landmark's integration team; Ted Hamilton, vice president of operations; and Tom Rowe, vice president of sales and marketing.
"We have a good mix of people from both inside and outside of the industry," Bucaro said. "We have people who've been in aviation for 25 years and people like me, who've been in it for five years. This combination is effective, because people who've worked in the industry understand it intimately; we know how to consolidate and manage multi-site businesses globally."
The untapped markets outside U.S. borders are of high interest to the growing company.
"Landmark currently has six locations outside of the U.S., including three in Canada and three in Western Europe," Bucaro said.
He said the company is also looking to expand into strategic geographic locations domestically.
"We have some voids in the western United States, so we clearly have some interest in expanding into those markets," Bucaro said. "We also love Western Europe. While it's a smaller market, it's growing in double digits. But it's not a place you enter lightly, because it's a different business model. In addition, we believe there are opportunities for us in the Middle East."
The biggest challenge ahead of the company is integrating its data management platforms across 41 operations and building a 42nd FBO facility in Asheville, N.C., with construction beginning in mid-May.
"It's one thing to integrate and provide our general managers with better systems, but we also give them real-time information so they can manage their businesses accordingly," Bucaro said.
While Landmark is committed to supporting its managers, Bucaro said the position comes with great responsibility.
"They understand their own environment better than we do sitting here in Houston, so that autonomy is an important facet," he said. "Our discounting structure gives them the flexibility to handle situations on the ramp that may come up. But they have to understand how an action they take with a customer affects the business. They have to run the business from the customer service and ramp perspective, while understanding the financial implications."
Bucaro said he's happy with how the company's team has embraced this change.
"Not everyone will agree with the way we do things, but it will bring a sense of stability and demonstrates that we know how to build and operate a successful FBO network," he said. "We're investing our capital in our employees, equipment, facilities and other assets. That should prove to people that we're going to be a dominant presence in the industry."
Deals by the dozen
Investment companies, private and public equity funds, public companies, hedge funds, etc., are acquiring FBOs as quickly as possible, each vying for the best locations across the nation.
Hawker Beechcraft Corp. announced on Feb. 22 that it was selling seven of its fuel and line service operations (but keeping its maintenance service centers) to Signature. The $128.5 million acquisition, expected to close in May, makes BBA the largest FBO holding company with 115 facilities.
Steve Dennis, chairman of Colorado-based Aviation Resource Group International, said the trading of multiple locations is at the highest level the company has seen in 30 years of following the industry.
With 68 FBO locations, Atlantic nearly doubled its size in 2007 with the purchase of 24 facilities from Mercury Air Centers. Since the acquisition, it added FBOs at airports in New Jersey and San Jose and Santa Monica, Calif. In early March, Atlantic bought three FBOs from SevenBar Enterprises, located in Albuquerque and Farmington, N.M., and Sun Valley, Idaho. Lou Pepper, Atlantic's CEO, said the company's goal was to have FBOs scattered across California to grow its brand and offer customers with quality service.
Maguire Aviation Group LLC, backed by real estate mogul Robert F. Maguire III, purchased a few FBOs in California to test the waters—Skytrails Aviation in March and Petersen Aviation and Million Air Van Nuys in 2006. Maguire's son, Alec, manages the facilities. Maguire, the largest leaseholder at Van Nuys Airport (VNY), is testing its business model that could potentially be franchised out to other airports.
Other chains entering new geographic markets include Connecticut-based Volo Aviation LLC, which in a single year has assembled a chain of five facilities, including Hayward Jet Center in California, NextFlight Aviation in Virginia, Rocket Man Jet Center in Texas and Volo Aviation Fort Pierce (formerly Fort Pierce Jet Center) and Jones Aviation in Florida. Brian Ciambra, vice president of Volo's FBO division, said the company is about 16 months away from opening its sixth facility at Igor I. Sikorsky Memorial Airport (BDR).
"The new facility, Volo Aviation Bridgeport, will have about 15,000 square feet of FBO space with about 65,000 square feet of hangar space," Ciambra said. "We're still in the development process, but amenities will be state of the art."
He said that by the first part of May, all facilities will have the same branding and personnel uniforms will sport the company's black and blue V logo.
"For example, Rocket Man Jet Center's signage is Volo Aviation Houston, etc," he said. "This is what's going on at all of our facilities. Although we're a new company, we're confident that our branding strategy will be highly successful. There's a lot more to branding than publishing ads; we want customers to walk into any of our FBOs and experience the same high-quality service, knowing they're dealing with people who have a sincere desire to provide that service."
TAC Air, a division of Truman Arnold Companies, also rounded out its holdings to 12 facilities in 2007; its purchase of Southern Jet netted the company an FBO in Raleigh-Durham, N.C.
AMCG produced statistics for 2007 showing that the country has 3,359 FBOs at 3,330 airports, with a 3,000-foot or longer hard surface runway.
"While the number of these locations isn't diminishing, the number of FBO companies is," Kohlman said. "That type of consolidation, whether it's large chains buying up small chains or single locations, is still the predominant side of the equation. I think over the next five years we'll see a handful of transactions each year. But I think the multiple location transactions are going to come down this year due to most of these opportunities being acquired and the access to capital for high dollar (over $100 million) transactions."
A hot investment
As evidenced in the Encore/Landmark merger, capital infusion makes or breaks consolidations. From Signature to Atlantic, investors seek FBO opportunities.
"There's tremendous interest in new acquisitions from those who already own FBOs, whether it's large companies or smaller operators," Kohlman said. "There's interest coming in from outside the industry, originating from people looking to make a big splash or make a really big acquisition in the industry. That interest is coming from both domestic and foreign investors."
The attraction of the FBO market varies, as it depends on the company putting up the money.
Dan Bucaro said that Landmark's aircraft sales, aircraft management charter service and maintenance repair operations represent less than 10 percent of the company's business from a profitability standpoint and that acquisitions would support FBO business
"I think investment groups see a few things that they find attractive," Dennis said. "They're not making any more real opportunities for leasehold development. It's a business that has high barriers to entry."
He added that anyone who utilizes business aircraft knows if you're flying to places airlines don't service, using private jets and the FBOs that serve them creates a market.
"That necessity isn't going away any time soon," Dennis said.
The lack of opportunities to secure land at the nation's primary airports and to develop full-service facilities has led to a realization on the part of investors. Companies putting money into a volatile business that depends largely on fuel prices are recognizing that FBOs have other commodities to offer besides gas pumps.
"Historically, we've seen fuel sales as the primary focus of FBOs," Kohlman said. "Real estate has been a secondary activity—one that hasn't been managed very well. A lot of the acquiring companies understand the value of real estate and the mechanics of getting fair market rates for real estate (and for fuel) and how that translates to the bottom line."
Another contributing factor affecting the market is future opportunities to service new business and personal aircraft—namely the very light jet. The Citation Mustang and the Eclipse 500, VLJs that are currently flying, have sparked attention of both users and passengers. In 2008, with the Embraer Phenom 100 entering service, and subsequent years of other VLJ contenders entering the scene, the marketplace will change.
"VLJs are a rallying point that could further energize the industry," Kohlman said. "The industry has yet to realize the impact of these aircraft."
He said a critical question emerges from the projected number of corporate aircraft and VLJs that are slated for production in the future.
"Besides simply selling them fuel, where are you going to put those planes?" he asked. "That requires real estate."
Advantages of consolidation
Companies like Encore understand the advantages of consolidation.
"Anybody can come in and buy a location or two if you have the capital," Bucaro said. "It's a question of whether you can operate them efficiently. The economies of scale come from your back office, and if you do it right, it's seamless to a customer. As for the FBO side, it's a quick cash business; equity investors like to see positive receivables."
By operating multiple FBO networks, from five to hundreds, consolidators multiply their advantages by negotiating competitive prices for fuel, parts and other goods. In doing so, they consolidate management teams and present customers with more choices for servicing and fueling their aircraft.
"The trends that we're seeing reflect a streamlining on the operating side of the business," Dennis said. "The reason that some of these acquisitions have occurred is that there's a large amount of back-office overhead that can be consolidated. Each operation would otherwise duplicate those efforts."
He said the opportunity to save money is always a hot topic to operating managers.
"I think the pressures on margins and the need to maintain high service profiles at the same time, to be competitive in the marketplace, will continue," he said. "It's a challenge, but it's an achievable one."
Analysts and other industry observers are also seeing a return to the basic building blocks of the FBO business.
"In the past, FBOs were full-service operations with aircraft sales, flight training, charter, maintenance, real estate and fuel," Kohlman said. "It wasn't until the 1980s, when aircraft sales diminished, that these companies had to start looking at their core products and services—what they do best. Fuel, service and real estate have become the primary FBO business model."
Landmark's CEO admits that while its business is still diverse, the company's areas of focus may be less broad than they've been in previous incarnations.
"We have two other divisions that include aircraft sales, aircraft management charter service and our maintenance repair operations," Bucaro said. "Even though they're significant in size as far as revenue, they represent less than 10 percent of our business from a profitability standpoint. Our acquisitions will be in support of FBO business."
With 68 FBO locations, including this one in Houston, Atlantic nearly doubled its size in 2007 with the purchase of 24 facilities from Mercury Air Centers.
In communicating with individual FBO owners at aviation conferences, Dennis has observed some reluctance on their part to leap into the world of consolidation.
"Owners are seeing interest in their properties, but some are not interested in selling right now, because they have some challenges ahead in terms of profitability," he explained. "Certainly margins are under pressure because of the 40 percent increase in fuel costs in the last eight months. Potential sellers interested in divesting themselves of their FBOs could generate a fairly high transaction value now, but in many cases, they feel they have more work to do."
Selling out could eventually become an opportunity that's hard to ignore for private owners facing retirement.
"A lot of individual owners don't have plans for succession in place," Bucaro said. "The owners love aviation, but their kids might not. It's a different situation with every business."
Analysts are watching closely to see which companies are demonstrating a long-term strategy and which may come and go. Kohlman said there's definitely a lot of money being made in buying FBOs and then flipping them in a short amount of time.
"Some entities have a five-year cycle window; some groups are in this business indefinitely," he said. "Signature is in it for the long haul. It's yet to be seen if Macquarie has an exit strategy, because it doesn't hold its investment, Atlantic Aviation, in a timed fund that would force a sale."
Kohlman also believes that for companies as large as Macquarie, it might be easier to amalgamate other chains than to bother integrating individual locations.
"I believe it's much easier for Macquarie to do a $300 million transaction for multiple locations than a whole bunch of $10 million transactions," he said. "It'll let smaller groups do the hard and dirty work of bringing these businesses together, synergizing them and getting the transactions done. Then it can do one transaction. It'll be interesting to see if that happens."
He said that opportunities are shrinking in the primary markets—GA airports that consistently post high traffic numbers and boast proximity to the country's most influential business centers—but makes a prediction.
"We'll see more interest in the markets that companies like Macquarie and Signature aren't so focused on," he said. "That could mean a resurgence of secondary markets realizing real estate potential, as there's still land available. I think we'll see situations occur where satellite airports are developed and then aircraft are ferried into position, as needed."
No matter how the market develops, it's likely to be a new generation of aviation-savvy professionals who influence how and where aircraft owners buy fuel and services.
"The biggest pitfall of the past was that people who hadn't been in the business before tended to oversimplify investments, not realizing how complex and challenging this business is," Kohlman said. "Neophytes quickly learn the old lesson: the aviation industry has made millionaires out of multimillionaires."


606 pages | 48 Color Illus. | 57 B/W Illus.
This book explores current trends in seafood science and examines various related topics including isolation aspects and different methodologies involved in seafood production. It provides detailed explanations about marine species such as fish, seaweed, and crustaceans and discusses their health benefits as well as the health risk for consumption. These topics provide a platform to develop various aquaculture/biotechnology studies. The book is essential reading for the novice and expert in marine-related fields such as aquaculture, as well as those in biotechnology, chemical sciences, natural products, materials science, pharmaceutical science, and nutraceutical science.
Introduction to Seafood Sciences. Fermentation Method in Food and Derivatives. Seafood Cooking Method in Nutritional Quality. Fish Skin as Useful Additives. Fish Protein Coating to Enhance the Shelf Life of Fishery Products. Fish Protein Coating to Enhance the Shelf Life of Fishery Products. Determinationing Technology in Fish Quality and Seafood. Recovery of Fish Protein Using pH Shift Processing. Cold Gelatin for Seafood Restructuration. The Role of Transglutaminase Enzyme in Improving Gel Properties of the Fish Gel. Effect on a Fish Quality and Preservation Technique of Degradation Products of Trimethylamine-N-oxide. Dioxin in Fish. Chitosan: A Booming Bio-Based Nanocomposite in Seafood Industry and Aquaculture. Recent Development in the Area of Shrimp Quality Evaluation, Optimization and a Case Study of Tracebility System. Immune and Antiaging Properties of Bioactives Extracted from Seaweed. Chemistry, Technology and Applications of Food Hydrocolloids from Seaweeds. Arsenic in Seaweeds: Presence, Bioavailability and Specification. Sea Cucumber Aquaculture. Application of Microbial Fermentation in Seaweed Processing. Handling and Processing Technology of Indonesia Seaweeds. Application of Seafood by Products in the Food Industry. Biological Properties of Seafood Processing Byproducts. Freeze-Dried Seafood Products. Selenium-Health Benefit Values as Seafood Safety Criteria. Role of Bacteria in Seafood Products. Fish and Shellfish Diseases.