text:
Mental attitude
"Optimist" and "Optimistic" redirect here. For other uses, see Optimist (disambiguation).
Berlin Wall Monument (west view). The west side of the wall is covered with graffiti that reflects hope and optimism.
Optimism is a mental attitude reflecting a belief or hope that the outcome of some specific endeavor, or outcomes in general, will be positive, favorable, and desirable. A common idiom used to illustrate optimism versus pessimism is a glass filled with water to the halfway point: an optimist is said to see the glass as half full, while a pessimist sees the glass as half empty.
The term derives from the Latin optimum, meaning "best". Being optimistic, in the typical sense of the word, is defined as expecting the best possible outcome from any given situation.[1] This is usually referred to in psychology as dispositional optimism. It thus reflects a belief that future conditions will work out for the best.[2] For this reason, it is seen as a trait that fosters resilience in the face of stress.[3]
Theories of optimism include dispositional models, and models of explanatory style. Methods to measure optimism have been developed within both theoretical systems, such as various forms of the Life Orientation Test, for the original definition of optimism, or the Attributional Style Questionnaire designed to test optimism in terms of explanatory style.
Variation in optimism and pessimism is somewhat heritable[4] and reflects biological trait systems to some degree.[5] It is also influenced by environmental factors, including family environment,[4] with some suggesting it can be learned.[6] Optimism may also be linked to health.[7]
1 Psychological optimism
1.1 Dispositional optimism
1.2 Explanatory style
1.4 Assessment
1.4.1 Life Orientation Test
1.4.2 Attributional Style Questionnaire
1.5 Associations with health
1.6 Optimism and well-being
1.7 Translating association into modifiability
2 Philosophical optimism
2.1 Optimalism
Psychological optimism[edit]
Dispositional optimism[edit]
An optimist and a pessimist, Vladimir Makovsky, 1893
Researchers operationalize the term differently depending on their research. As with any trait characteristic, there are several ways to evaluate optimism, such as the Life Orientation Test (LOT). This 8-item scale was developed in 1985 by Michael Scheier and Charles Carver.[8]
Dispositional optimism and pessimism[9] are typically assessed by asking people whether they expect future outcomes to be beneficial or negative (see below). The LOT returns separate optimism and pessimism scores for each individual. Behaviourally, these two scores correlate around r = 0.5. Optimistic scores on this scale predict better outcomes in relationships,[10] higher social status,[11] and reduced loss of well-being following adversity.[12] Health preserving behaviors are associated with optimism while health-damaging behaviors are associated with pessimism.[13]
Some have argued that optimism is the opposite end of a single dimension with pessimism[14], with any distinction between them reflecting factors such as social desirability. Confirmatory modelling, however, supports a two-dimensional model[15] and the two dimensions predict different outcomes.[16] Genetic modelling confirms this independence, showing that pessimism and optimism are inherited as independent traits, with the typical correlation between them emerging as a result of a general well-being factor and family environment influences.[4] It is suggested that patients with high dispositional optimism appear to have stronger immune system since it buffers it against psychological stressors.[17]
Explanatory style[edit]
Explanatory style is distinct from dispositional theories of optimism. While related to life-orientation measures of optimism, attributional style theory suggests that dispositional optimism and pessimism are reflections of the ways people explain events, i.e., that attributions cause these dispositions.[18] Here, an optimist would view defeat as temporary, does not apply to other cases, and is not considered his fault.[19] Measures of attributional style distinguish three dimensions among explanations for events: Whether these explanations draw on internal versus external causes; whether the causes are viewed as stable versus unstable; and whether explanations apply globally versus being situationally specific. In addition, the measures distinguish attributions for positive and for negative events.
An optimistic person attributes internal, stable, and global explanations to good things. Pessimistic explanations attribute these traits of stability, globality, and internality to negative events, such as difficulty in relationships.[20] Models of Optimistic and Pessimistic attributions show that attributions themselves are a cognitive style – individuals who tend to focus on the global explanations do so for all types of events, and the styles correlate among each other. In addition to this, individuals vary in how optimistic their attributions are for good events, and on how pessimistic their attributions are for bad events, but these two traits of optimism and pessimism are un-correlated.[21]
There is much debate about the relationship between explanatory style and optimism. Some researchers argue that optimism is simply the lay-term for what researchers know as explanatory style.[22] More commonly, it is found that explanatory style is quite distinct from dispositional optimism,[23][24] and the two should not be used interchangeably as they are marginally correlated at best. More research is required to "bridge" or further differentiate these concepts.[20]
Origins[edit]
Optimistic Personality (modified from[4])
As with all psychological traits, differences in both dispositional optimism and pessimism[4] and in attributional style[25] are heritable. Both optimism and pessimism are strongly influenced by environmental factors, including family environment.[4] It has been suggested that optimism may be indirectly inherited as a reflection of underlying heritable traits such as intelligence, temperament, and alcoholism.[25] There is evidence from twin studies that show, for instance, that the inherited component of the dispositional optimism is about 25 percent, making this trait a stable personality dimension[26] and a predictor of life outcomes.[27] Its genetic origin, which interacts with environmental influences and other risks, also determines the vulnerability to depression across the lifespan.[28] Many theories assume optimism can be learned,[6] and research supports a modest role of family-environment acting to raise (or lower) optimism and lower (or raise) neuroticism and pessimism.[4]
Work utilising brain imaging and biochemistry suggests that at a biological trait level, optimism and pessimism reflect brain systems specialised for the tasks of processing and incorporating beliefs regarding good and bad information respectively.[5]
Assessment[edit]
Life Orientation Test[edit]
The Life Orientation Test (LOT) was designed by Scheier and Carver (1985) to assess dispositional optimism – expecting positive or negative outcomes,[20] and is one of the more popular tests of optimism and pessimism. This was also often used in early studies that examine the effects of these dispositions in health-related domains.[29] Scheier and Carver's initial research , which surveyed college students, found that optimistic participants were less likely to show an increase in symptoms like dizziness, muscle soreness, fatigue, blurred vision, and other physical complaints than pessimistic respondents.[30]
There are eight items and four filler items in the test. Four are positive items (e.g. "In uncertain times, I usually expect the best") and four are negative items e.g. "If something can go wrong for me, it will."[31] The LOT has been revised twice—once by the original creators (LOT-R) and also by Chang, Maydeu-Olivares, and D'Zurilla as the Extended Life Orientation Test (ELOT). The Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R: Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) consists of six items, each scored on a 5-point scale from "Strongly disagree" to "Strongly agree" and four filler items.[32] Half of the coded items are phrased in an optimistic way while the other half in a pessimistic way. In comparison with its previous iteration, LOT-R offers good internal consistency overtime although there are item overlaps, making the correlation between the LOT and LOT-R extremely high.[29]
Attributional Style Questionnaire[edit]
This Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ: Peterson et al. 1982[33]) is based on the explanatory style model of optimism. Subjects read a list of six positive and negative events (e.g. "you have been looking for a job unsuccessfully for some time"), and are asked to record a possible cause for the event. They then rate whether this is internal or external, stable or changeable, and global or local to the event.[33] There are several modified versions of the ASQ including the Expanded Attributional Style Questionnaire (EASQ), the Content Analysis of Verbatim Explanations (CAVE), and the ASQ designed for testing the optimism of children.[20]
Associations with health[edit]
Optimism and health are correlated moderately.[34] Optimism has been shown to explain between 5–10% of the variation in the likelihood of developing some health conditions (correlation coefficients between .20 and .30),[35] notably including cardiovascular disease,[36][37][38] stroke,[39] and depression.[40][41]
The relationship between optimism and health has also been studied with regards to physical symptoms, coping strategies and negative affect for those suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and fibromyalgia.
It has been found that among individuals with these diseases, optimists are not more likely than pessimists to report pain alleviation due to coping strategies, despite differences in psychological well-being between the two groups.[42] A meta-analysis has confirmed the assumption that optimism is related to psychological well-being: "Put simply, optimists emerge from difficult circumstances with less distress than do pessimists."[43] Furthermore, the correlation appears to be attributable to coping style: "That is, optimists seem intent on facing problems head-on, taking active and constructive steps to solve their problems; pessimists are more likely to abandon their effort to attain their goals."[43]
Optimists may respond better to stress: pessimists have shown higher levels of cortisol (the "stress hormone") and trouble regulating cortisol in response to stressors.[44] Another study by Scheier examined the recovery process for a number of patients that had undergone surgery.[45] The study showed that optimism was a strong predictor of the rate of recovery. Optimists achieved faster results in "behavioral milestones" such as sitting in bed, walking around, etc. They also were rated by staff as having a more favorable physical recovery. In a 6-month later follow-up, it was found that optimists were quicker to resume normal activities.
Optimism and well-being[edit]
A number of studies have been done on optimism and psychological well-being. One study conducted by Aspinwall and Taylor (1990) assessed incoming freshmen on a range of personality factors such as optimism, self-esteem, locus of self-control, etc.[45] It was found that freshmen who scored high on optimism before entering college were reported to have lower levels of psychological distress than their more pessimistic peers, while controlling for the other personality factors. Over time, the more optimistic students were less stressed, less lonely, and less depressed than their pessimistic counterparts. Thus, this study suggests a strong link between optimism and psychological well-being.
In addition low optimism may help explain the association between caregivers' anger and reduced sense of vitality.[46]
A recent meta-analysis of optimism supported past findings that optimism is positively correlated with life satisfaction, happiness[47] , psychological and physical well-being and negatively correlated with depression and anxiety.[48]
Seeking to explain the correlation, researchers find that optimists choose healthier lifestyles. For example, optimists smoke less, are more physically active, consume more fruit, vegetables and whole-grain bread, and are more moderate in alcohol consumption.[49]
Translating association into modifiability[edit]
Research to date has demonstrated that optimists are less likely to have certain diseases or develop certain diseases over time. By comparison, research has not yet been able to demonstrate the ability to change an individual's level of optimism through psychological interventions, and thereby alter the course of disease or likelihood for development of disease.[citation needed] Though in that same vein, an article by Mayo Clinic argues steps to change self-talk from negative to positive may shift individuals from a negative to a more positive/optimistic outlook.[50] Strategies claimed to be of value include surrounding oneself with positive people, identifying areas of change, practicing positive self-talk, being open to humor, and following a healthy lifestyle.[50] There is also the notion of "learned optimism" in positive psychology, which holds that joy is a talent that can be cultivated and can be achieved through specific actions such as the challenging negative self talk or overcoming "learned helplessness".[51]
There are researchers in a study involving twins who found that optimism is largely inherited at birth.[52] Along with the recognition that childhood experiences determine an individual's outlook, such studies demonstrate the genetic basis for optimism reinforces the recognized difficulty in changing or manipulating the direction of an adult's disposition from pessimist to optimist.[52]
Philosophical optimism[edit]
Distinct from a disposition to believe that things will work out, there is a philosophical idea that, perhaps in ways that may not be fully comprehended, the present moment is in an optimum state. This view that all of nature - past, present, and future - operates by laws of optimization along the lines of Hamilton's principle in the realm of physics is countered by views such as idealism, realism, and philosophical pessimism. Philosophers often link the concept of optimism with the name of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who held that we live in the best of all possible worlds (le meilleur des mondes possibles), or that God created a physical universe that applies the laws of physics.
Leibniz proposed that it was not in God's power to create a perfect world, but among possible worlds, he created the best.[53] In one of his writings, he responded to the Blaise Pascal's philosophy of awe and desperation in the face of the infinite by claiming that infinity should be celebrated. While Pascal advocated for making man's rational aspirations more humble, Leibniz was optimistic about the capacity of human reason to further extend itself.[54] Some think incorrectly that this idea was mocked by Voltaire in his satirical novel Candide as baseless optimism of the sort exemplified by the beliefs of one of its characters Dr. Pangloss, which are the opposite of his fellow traveller Martin's pessimism and emphasis on free will. The optimistic position is also called Panglossianism and became an adjective for excessive, even stupendous, optimism.[55] The phrase "panglossian pessimism" has been used[by whom?][year needed] to describe the pessimistic position that, since this is the best of all possible worlds, it is impossible for anything to get any better. Conversely, philosophical pessimism might be[by whom?][year needed] associated with an optimistic long-term view because it implies that no change for the worse is possible.
Optimalism[edit]
Philosophical optimalism, as defined by Nicholas Rescher, holds that this universe exists because it is better than the alternatives.[56] While this philosophy does not exclude the possibility of a deity, it also doesn't require one, and is compatible with atheism.[57] Rescher explained that the concept can stand on its own feet, arguing that there is no necessity to seeing optimalism realization as divinely instituted because it is a naturalistic theory in principle.[58]
Psychological optimalism, as defined by the positive psychologist Tal Ben-Shahar, means willingness to accept failure while remaining confident that success will follow, a positive attitude he contrasts with negative perfectionism.[59] Perfectionism can be defined as a persistent compulsive drive toward unattainable goals and valuation based solely in terms of accomplishment.[60] Perfectionists reject the realities and constraints of human ability. They cannot accept failures, delaying any ambitious and productive behavior in fear of failure again.[61] This neuroticism can even lead to clinical depression and low productivity.[62] As an alternative to negative perfectionism, Ben-Shahar suggests the adoption of optimalism. Optimalism allows for failure in pursuit of a goal, and expects that while the trend of activity is towards the positive, it is not necessary to always succeed while striving towards goals. This basis in reality prevents the optimalist from being overwhelmed in the face of failure.[59]
Optimalists accept failures and also learn from them, which encourages further pursuit of achievement.[61] Dr. Tal Ben-Shahar believes that Optimalists and Perfectionists show distinct different motives. Optimalists tend to have more intrinsic, inward desires, with a motivation to learn, while perfectionists are highly motivated by a need to consistently prove themselves worthy.[59]
Affirmations (New Age)
Agathism
Explanatory style (attributional style)
Mood (psychology)
Optimism bias
Philosophy of happiness
Positive mental attitude
Pronoia (psychology)
Silver lining (idiom)
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Seligman, M.E.P., (2006). Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life, Vintage, ISBN 1400078393.
Sharot, Tali (2012). The Optimism Bias: A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain, Vintage, ISBN 9780307473516.
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Optimism
Wikiversity has learning resources about Positive thinking
Wikiversity has learning resources about Optimism
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Optimism.
"Being Optimistic"—Optimism as character strength
Ehrenreich, Barbara (2010). Bright-Sided: How Positive Thinking Is Undermining America. Picador. p. 256. ISBN 9780312658854. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
"Tali Sharot: The optimism bias", Tali Sharot's talk at the TED.com
Emotions (list)
Aesthetic emotions
Enthrallment
Flow (psychology)
Grandiosity
World views
Reclusion
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Home > All Journals > Children's Book and Media Review > Vol. 37 (2016) > Iss. 7
The Hero Agenda #1: Powerless
Lisi Hong
Dependable, Young Adult, Tera Lynn Childs, Tracy Deebs, Fantasy, Superpowers, Superhero, Villains, Romance, Good and Evil
Kenna is an average girl in a super world. Literally. Everyone she knows—except her mom who is exceptional in her own ways—has a super power. The only thing that makes her feel special is her research, but even that doesn't help her when the lab she is supervising is attacked by villains, earning her a banishment from the labs. But when one of her supposedly evil attackers saves her life that night, she begins to question the heroes she has always loved and worshipped. Are they really as good as they say? When she sneaks back into the lab and finds a hidden level used to torture villains, she knows they are not good at all. Teaming up with her new villain friends, they fight to free the villains' cousin and Kenna's mom who were captured by the heroes. Along the way she learns to trust the villains she always thought were the bad guys and even falls in love with one of them. After they succeed in freeing the cousin, Kenna discovers her long suppressed superpower and decides to continue helping the villains.
Hong, Lisi (2016) "The Hero Agenda #1: Powerless," Children's Book and Media Review: Vol. 37 : Iss. 7 , Article 23.
Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cbmr/vol37/iss7/23
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Council Meeting Tuesday, May 7th 1907 at 3 o'clock
Present Miss Emily Cox Chair), Miss M. Ashton, Miss J.B. Gaskell, Miss A. A. Bulley, Mrs. F. E. A. Cooke, Mrs. Horsfall, Mr. H. V. Herford, Mrs. O. M. Aldridge (Secretary).
Apologies. Apologies for non-attendance submitted from Councillors James Johnston and T.R. Marr.
Appointment of Miss Emily Cox as Chairman. Miss Margaret Ashton moved and Miss Bulley seconded "that Miss Emily Cox be appointed Chairman of the Council". This was put to the meeting by Mr. Herford and carried unanimously.
Minutes. Minutes at the last meeting read and passed.
Sub-Committee Minutes. Minutes of the Organisation Sub-Committee read by Miss Cox.
Cigarette Makers' Dispute. The Secretary reported that the Cigarette Makers had pressed their claim and not having received a satisfactory reply from Messrs. Muratti's the Union members after an interview with the firm on Saturday had resolved to stop work. All members numbering 260 had given notice when leaving on Saturday that they would not go in on Monday. The resolution was adhered to and Union members from Muratti's were "on strike". The Union had acted on its own initiative in opposition to advice given by members of the Council but also by Mr. Purcell (chairman of the Manchester Trades and Labour Council) and other members of his Executive.
Resolution re Dispute. After discussion it was resolved on the motion of Miss Ashton and Miss Bulley "That this Council deplores the hasty action of the Cigarette Makers' Union in striking without allowing sufficient time to permit the employers to reconsider their scale of wages." Unanimously passed. Agreed that a copy of the resolution should be handed to the Chairman, with the request that it be read at the Cigarette Makers' Meeting at the Caxton Hall on Tuesday May 7th and that a copy be sent to the press if necessary.
Funds of Federation of Women Workers. A letter was read from Lady Schwann asking the Councils' advice re-disposal of funds of the Federation of Women Workers for which she and Mrs. Arnold were the Trustees and Mrs. Arrandale Treasurer. Lady Schwann enclosed correspondence from Mrs. Dickenson asking that the funds should be transferred to a new Treasurer elected by the members and banked in the Federation's new name the "Manchester and Salford Association of Machine, Electric and Other Women Workers."
Resolved that
"As the funds in question have never been under the control of the Council the members feel they have no jurisdiction in the matter and leave the question of transference entirely to the Treasurer and Trustees of the fund." The Secretary was instructed to write to Lady Schwann.
Invitation to Mrs. Harker to join the Council. It was unanimously agreed to invite Mrs. Harker to become a member of the Council.
The Treasurer reported on finance.
Organisation Report India Rubber Workers Union formed. The organisation report showed that a new Union "The Women's Trade Society of India Rubber Workers" had been formed.
Work had been done among Cigarette Makers, Leather Workers and Sewing-Machinists.
Meetings held. A meeting had been addressed on trade unionism at the Lancs College Settlement by the Secretary.
Date of Sheffield meeting. That the Sheffield meeting re-Leather Workers would be held on Wednesday, May 8.
Emily Cox


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How is Efik traditional marriage done?
Efik traditional marriage ceremony is done by joining couples together according to the Efik customs, culture, and traditions. The Efik are known for speaking Efik Language and are quite popular for their delicious Edikang Ikong Soup. They are found in the southern part of the cross river in Nigeria.
How much is bride price in Efik?
The efik bride price is a standard 12 pounds, it was set in pounds because of the colonial influence and was converted to 24 naira back then.
What do Efik people eat?
Efik foods include porridge which could be made from yam, cocoyam, rice or plantain; a very special kind of Efik porridge dish made from cocoyam, water yam or a mixture of both is called Ekpañ-ñkukwọ.
What is good morning in Efik language?
Useful phrases in Efik
Good morning (Morning greeting) Emesiere Emesiere nde (reply)
Good afternoon (Afternoon greeting) Mọkọm Ekọm do
Good evening (Evening greeting) Mọkọm Ekọm do
Good night Esiere Esiere Nde (reply)
Which state has the highest bride price in Nigeria?
What is the most expensive bride price in Nigeria?
The Kalabari in Rivers state: their bride-price and cost of items required might go as high as N1million naira in some cases.
Ibibio in Akwa-Ibom state: their demands can run as high as N700,000.
Is Efik a Igbo?
Igbo origin theory Some oral accounts by early Efik men also support the Igbo origin of the Efik. One of such accounts was given at a court case by Prince Bassey Duke in 1917 where he stated, "The Efiks were originally Ibo descendants.
Which tribe has the most expensive bride price in Nigeria?
What is the Efik main source of income?
The Efik were noted for their involvement in the slave trade were they acted as slave traders and middlemen between the inland slave traders and the Europeans. After the decline of the slave trade, the Efik transitioned into the business of exporting palm oil from the Cross river.
What is the difference between Efik and Ibibio?
Efik-Ibibio is the major dialect cluster of the Cross River branch of Benue–Congo. Efik proper has national status in Nigeria and is the literary standard of the Efik languages, though Ibibio proper has more native speakers.
What language does Efik speak?
Usem Efịk) is the native language of the Efik people of Nigeria. It is the official language of Cross River State in Nigeria. The language is named after the Efik people who are situated in the present-day Cross River state and Akwa Ibom state….Efik language.
Native speakers 400,000 (1998) Second language: 2 million (1998)
What language does Calabar speak?
The Ejagham language is the most widely spoken language in Cross River State; from Calabar Municipality, Akamkpa, Ikom, Obubura, Ogoja, Obudu, and Etung local government councils, to the south west province of Cameroon.
What are some therapy models?


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CTV News London Reporter / Anchor
Sean Irvine
A morning fire at 5126 Line 10, near the hamlet of Anderson outside St. Marys, Ont., Tuesday, Jan. 5, 2021. (Source: St. Marys Fire Chief Richard Anderson)
A house fire northwest of St. Marys, Ont. has caused over $500,000 in damage.
The fire broke out on 5126 Line 10, near the hamlet of Anderson, late Tuesday morning.
Richard Anderson, Fire Chief St. Marys, Ontario tells CTV News a person at the residence was able to escape just in time, after a smoke alarm awoke him from his sleep.
Firefighters at 5126 Line 10, near the hamlet of Anderson - St. Marys Tuesday Jan. 5, 2021 (Jim Knight / CTV News)
Anderson also stated ashes from a wood stove may have caused the fire.
Crews from multiple fire departments and Stratford police are on scene.
Line 10 between Road 141 and Road 163 remains blocked to traffic.
Both sides in the wrongful termination lawsuit filed by former London Health Sciences Centre CEO Paul Woods are speaking out to CTV News
Amit Kotwani, along with his wife and six-year-old daughter, were among the dozens of people sent to hospital following a carbon monoxide (CO) leak at a Saskatoon apartment building Thursday night.
$80K in drugs and cash seized after 3-month drug investigation
Three people are facing charges after police seized more than $80,000 in drugs and cash after a three-month investigation.


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ABOUT THE SETAI HOTEL GROUP
The concept of The Setai began with two fundamental ideals: a vision of unprecedented luxury and service; and one of the most prized pieces of oceanfront property in South Beach.
The Setai is a place so calming and serene that it is sure to change guests forever, whether staying for a night or longer. Born out of a vision, The Setai reflects a passion to provide an experience that few can imagine, and many aspire to have. The Setai offers a connectivity to its host city, while also creating a discreet escape, and utmost privacy, for its guests.
In 2018, Nakash Holdings introduces the luxury, sophistication and renowned service of its Setai hotel brand to Tel Aviv. The property, which is joining The Leading Hotels of the World, Ltd's prestigious collection of independent luxury hotels, is located in the historic old Jaffa area of Tel Aviv. This will be the hospitality group's second Setai in Israel, following the recent opening of the Sea of Galilee property, and third globally, joining The Setai, Miami Beach.
Situated ocean-side in the heart of Miami's most desirable location in South Beach, The Setai, Miami Beach is an award- winning, international leader in hospitality and the hotel of choice for the sophisticated international traveler. The Setai masterfully combines warm hospitality with personalized service to create an exceptional experience. Housed in a restored 1936 landmark building in the historic Art Deco District, The Setai features 87 Art Deco rooms and 50 Ocean Suites including oceanfront suites and The Penthouse. Inside, the oasis from the bustling Miami streets features an expansive and lush courtyard, three temperature-controlled sparkling pools, direct beach access and services, exceptional dining, The Spa by THEMAE, and a Clefs d'Or Chief Concierge. The hotel is privately held and holds membership with The Leading Hotels of the World. It has been awarded the coveted Forbes Travel Guide Five Star Award consecutively since 2015 and was voted Travel + Leisure's 2018 World's Best Resort Hotel in Greater Miami Beach.
The second property in Israel, The Setai Tel Aviv, offers sophistication and tranquility in the heart of a historic location, the ancient port city of Jaffa. The hotel is housed within a centuries-old structure known locally as "The Kishle," and features 120 rooms and suites that have been meticulously designed to provide guests with the utmost luxury and comfort. The Setai, Tel Aviv sits at the border of Jaffa and Tel Aviv and serves as a beautiful bridge between ancient history and modern luxury. Guests pass through the 12th-century arched entryway and explore the beautifully preserved corridors of what was once a Turkish-run jailhouse in the Ottoman empire. The immaculate property upholds all the standards of luxury commonly associated with the Setai brand, offering a prestigious business lounge, meetings & events spaces, locally sourced dining options, a luxurious spa, Turkish bath and rooftop infinity pool from which guests can take in panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea and city skyline.
Opened in 2017 on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, referred to locally as the "Kinneret," The Setai Sea of Galilee is a five-star spa resort featuring 158 design-driven, luxurious Kinneret and Golan Villas with private infinity pools and hot tubs. Combining its unique, natural setting with the Far East design influences synonymous with the brand, The Setai, Sea of Galilee provides the ideal location for exploring Israel's renowned northern wine region and historical sites. Guests are treated to plush, spacious and amenity-rich accommodations, while gazing out at panoramic pastoral views of Israel's verdant Northern region. A destination in its own right, The Setai, Sea of Galilee's spa complex is Israel's largest and includes 12 treatment rooms, a traditional Turkish hammam, an indoor pool, and the latest state-of-the-art fitness equipment. An on-premise restaurant offers the best of "Galilee-style" cuisine, inspired by Northern Israel's world-renowned agricultural offerings.
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Safari Hub
Home Destinations National Parks Explore Kissama National Park of Angola
Explore Kissama National Park of Angola
Angola, a country officially referred to as the republic of Angola is located in the south-central territories of Africa. On its south, it is bordered by Namibia and has Democratic Republic of the Congo bordering its north. In this article, we'll be discussing about one of the most visited tourist spots of the country, the Kissama National Park.
Kissama National Park is also often called as the Quiçama National Park. This national park is situated at the northwestern part of Angola. The feature that makes it an extremely priced possession of the country is the country's only running national park. All the other national parks of Angola have been destroyed during Angolan Civil War that continued from 1975 to 2002.
To reach the Kissama National Park, you will have to cover a distance of 70 Km from the capital of the country, Luanda. The park itself covers a total area of 12,000 km² or three million acres. This makes it one of the biggest national parks on earth. In the year 1938, the Kissama National Park was established for being used as an animal reserve. In the year 1957 i.e. almost after 2 decades of its inception, the park obtained the designation of national park. During this time the area was under the rule of Portuguese people and thus the park obtained a Portuguese name.
The Kissama National Park used be the home to a wide range of animal species; especially the game varieties like Giant sables and elephants. However, during the civil war, the park encountered incessant poaching incidents, which resulted in decrease in the animal population of the national park.
In the year 2001, a community called Kissama Foundation consisted of South Africans and Angolans started a movement called 'Operation Noahs Ark'. This movement involves the act of transporting animals, particularly elephants from the neighboring countries of South Africa and Botswana. The animals that are transported in Kissama National Park are from the overpopulated parks of their native countries.
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Guides October 28, 2020
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National Parks September 26, 2020
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The Safari Hub is an online guide dedicated to planning a safari in Africa. This safari guide is rich in information covering all what you need to know about Africa, guides to different countries and exclusive tips and information. Find updated information on the game reserves, national parks and guides readers through every step to plan a great safari.
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Laura's studio is full of rulers, piles of graph paper, scalpels, pens and painted paper. Working in series, she explores the idea of 'possibilities from limitations'. By taking one geometric shape as the starting point and drawing on principles from minimalist architecture, hard edge abstraction and conceptual art, she takes a basic form and draws out all the possible arrangements that can be made by laying one shape on top of another. What would seem an austere procedural way of making art is precisely what makes it interesting.
With her systematic rigour, Laura has successfully dissected the fundamental elements of painting by not only looking at the surface of the painting, but seeing it as a way of creating a visual index that documents the interactions of form, colour and the space they inhabit. The sleek, even, coloured surfaces are painted delicately so that they are free of gestural brush strokes and fields of saturated clean-edged colour appear to float on the surface of the wall.
All content © Laura Jane Scott 2019 unless otherwise stated.


WESTFORD -- Chelmsford High senior captain Ryan Hart was edged for first place by Chase Khan of Newton South by .30 of a second at the Mass Bay West ALPHA Boys Division slalom race at Nashoba Valley Ski Area on Tuesday.
Khan had a winning time of 26.63, and Hart was second in 26.93.
Halston Wilkey of Bromfield was third in 27.36, followed by Nick Antes of Westford Academy in 27.63 and Jamieson Dube of Acton-Boxboro in 27.65.
Locals who finished in the top 25 were Groton-Dunstable's William Thompson (8th, 28.34), Westford's Shane Gressman (13th, 29.78), Chelmsford's Kullen Stone (15th, 30.49), Westford's Matt Wasylyshyn (19th, 32.00), Chelmsford's Andre Danaby (21st, 32.18), Westford's Garrett Ackerman (22nd, 33.23), Chelmsford's Michael Sylva (23rd, 33.81), Simon Chandler (24th, 33.87) and Kevin Henderson (25th, 34.54).
Sean Doughty of Lowell was 30th in a time of 36.28.
Acton-Boxboro finish first in the boys race with a score of 432, followed by Newton South (423), Westford (418) and Chelmsford (401).
In the girls slalom race, Julia Martin of Bedford was first in 26.08, and Chloe Brush of Groton-Dunstable was second in 26.80.
Locals in the top 25 were Westford's Morgan Freud (7th, 29.56), Groton-Dunstable's Avery Dichter (10th, 30.08), Lowell's Sarah Boutselis (12th, 30.18), Westford's Hannah Browne (18th, 31.98), Groton-Dunstable's Jessica Liledahl (20th, 32.21), Chelmsford's Sarah Meinhardt (22nd, 32.74) Chelmsford's Jess Hand (23rd, 33.
23) and Westford's Danielle Mitrano (25th, 34.75).
Bromfield won the girls race with a score of 440. Bedford was second at 432, followed and Newton South at 422 and Groton-Dunstable at 418.


Quickpayportal: I have seen that people of USA are trying to know about quickpayportal.com. Are you one of them, then read this single web page website carefully. Through this site, you'll know the Quick pay portal payment function to pay medical or hospital bill online. I'm going to do a deep discussion on the www.quickpayportal.com. The quick pay portal is a website where people of the United States of America pay their medical bills online. It owned by the United States Athenahelth group. The Athenahelth quick pay portal official portal designed and developed by the Athenahealth physicians, employees, managers, officers, directors, agents and representatives to pay the medical bill online.
Quick pay portal is also called Patient Portal. If you want to use this portal to pay the medical bill in a very short time, then you will have to confirm that you agree to these terms and conditions. To agree to these terms and conditions, you will have to accept that you are over 18 years of age. To website, you'll need to give your identity via two unique workflows as well as set up an email I'd and strong confidential password for login Quick pay portal. Please remember do not share your I'd & Password with anyone.
When you'll share login details with anyone, then anyone can view your medical and financial information and communicate with your healthcare department. You want to give your Quick pay portal login details, you will have authorized that person and you're responsible for all transaction. If you feel that someone know your Quickpayportal login details, Please change your password by login www.quickpayportal.com under security setting.
As we all know that www.quickpayportal.com is shortly known as Patient Portal in the US. It is an online service that provides patients to know about their health information. There are various features available on the online portal including the Capability to send messages to your healthcare providers, schedule appointments, and pay bills online. If you want to use www.quickpayportal.com to pay medical bills online. You'll have to register for the Patient Portal, click the Signup option link on the sign-in page, then enter your information like. Below you can see step by step instruction to Use the official site to Pay Medical Bills online.
You'll see text box on the new page, you need to enter Quick Pay Code/ statement or Access Code like (JS7D-GMGF-JRD1-4BG). This code will of 15 digits.
After entering 15 digit code in the text box you'll redirect to medical bill payment page.
Then Select Appointments and scheduling option from the message type drop-down menu.
Select your provider, office location, and your preferred time of day and days of the week.
Update: QuickPay Portal is now available on MOBILE devices.
After Quickpayportal login, someone asking the question that a quick pay portal is not working. I can get to this page and none of the links work. Please advise. Then Athena health replied that Hello everyone, We apologize for the disruption caused, but we're aware that QPP mobile is experiencing issues. you'll be able to access QPP via a laptop or desktop computer, we recommend that you do that. If you're unable to do so, please contact your practice so that a case can be created. If you have any other questions, please feel free to email us at socialmedia@athenahealth.com.


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Hattersley is an area of Tameside, Greater Manchester, England; it is located   west of Glossop and  east of Manchester city centre, at the eastern terminus of the M67. Historically part of Tintwistle Rural District in Cheshire until 1974, it is the site of an overspill estate built by Manchester City Council in the 1960s. Hattersley is an area receiving major regeneration, which includes building new housing and additional retail stores.

History

Construction of the estate

Between 1894 and 1936, Hattersley was a largely rural civil parish in the Tintwistle Rural District in the historical county of Cheshire. In 1936, it was annexed to the municipal borough of Hyde but remained undeveloped. At the beginning of the 1960s, most of the area was purchased by Manchester City Council to build a large overspill estate, which became home to many families rehoused from inner-city slum areas like Gorton. Another similar estate was built in Gamesley. Both these estates consist primarily of council-built houses.

Renewal and privatisation
Regeneration in Hattersley is coordinated by Hattersley Neighbourhood Partnership.

The city council transferred control of most of Hattersley's housing stock to Peak Valley Housing Association in 2006 after an attempt to transfer it to the Harvest Housing Group which collapsed when a £20 million gap in funding to refurbish the homes to new housing standards was identified. The transfer brought a £40 million, seven-year improvement plan for existing housing tied to a  £140m investment from a private developer.

Selective demolition has begun to remove some obsolete housing leaving space for redevelopment and investment in education and public services. Seven tower blocks were demolished in 2001. Demolition of some of the 1960s low-rise houses on the estate took place in 2007 and 2008, these houses having deteriorated to a condition where refurbishment was not viable, in spite of these houses being just over 40 years old.

In 2012 a Tesco supermarket was opened, despite residents' concern about extra traffic.

Moors Murders

Moors murderer Myra Hindley and her grandmother Ellen Maybury, together with Hindley's boyfriend Ian Brady, were rehoused in Hattersley from Gorton in 1964 and lived at a new council house in the area – 16 Wardle Brook Avenue – for approximately 12 months until they Hindley and Brady were arrested in October 1965. Brady spent much of his time at the house with Hindley and together they carried out the killings of 10-year-old Lesley Ann Downey and 17-year-old Edward Evans at the house; they had already committed three murders while living in Gorton. The body of Downey was buried on nearby Saddleworth Moor the day after her murder on Boxing Day 1964, It was found in the initial search of the moors nearly a year later, but the body of Edward Evans was found at the house in October 1965 before the couple could dispose of it; the police then found the evidence to link Brady and Hindley to the four earlier murders.

In October 1987, Manchester City Council demolished the house as they could not find tenants willing to live there. The site of the house remains vacant, although the surrounding houses remain standing.

Dale Cregan

On 18 September 2012, drug dealer Dale Cregan made a hoax emergency call to the police from an address in Mottram, luring Police Constables Nicola Hughes, 23, and Fiona Bone, 32, of Greater Manchester Police there by claiming that there had been an incident of criminal damage. When they arrived, he ambushed the constables, shooting them and throwing an M75 hand grenade at them. Both officers were hit by at least eight bullets as Cregan fired 32 shots in 31 seconds. He later turned himself in at Hyde police station and was charged with their murders.

Community and regeneration
Hattersley had a monthly community newspaper, the Hattersley & Mottram Community News, produced by local people; it ceased publication in 2011, after Tameside Council ended its funding. It is home to no. 468 (Hyde and Hatterley) Squadron Air Cadets.

Hattersley is now home to both a brand-new community hub and a library. Many new developments have been important in kick-starting the regeneration of the Hattersley district; these include new housing, a large Tesco Extra superstore and Adventure Longdendale (a trampolining, Laser Quest and play centre). There are also plans for Hattersley Retail Park; this was originally scheduled to open in 2021, but has faced multiple setbacks.

Transport

Hattersley railway station serves the area; it is on the Glossop line between Manchester Piccadilly, Glossop and Hadfield. There is a generally half-hourly service in both directions, operated by Northern Trains.

Bus services are provided by Stagecoach Manchester. There are frequent services to Manchester city centre on route 201.

Notable people
Ricky Hatton, the former two-weight world champion boxer, grew up on the estate.
Lisa Huo, brought up in Hattersley, was a contestant on Big Brother 7.
Shayne Ward, from Hattersley, was on The X Factor.

See also

Listed buildings in Longdendale

References

Geography of Tameside
Areas of Greater Manchester
Manchester overspill estates
History of Manchester
Hyde, Greater Manchester

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Definition - What does Pyrophilia mean?
Pyrophilia is a paraphilia in which starting or watching a fire is linked to sexual arousal and satisfaction. It is different from pyromania in that fire is linked to sexual gratification.
Pyrophilia is a rare paraphilia that is not fully understood. Only a few cases have ever been discussed in the psychological community. Pyrophiliacs derive sexual pleasure and satisfaction from starting or watching fires, or from talking, seeing pictures, or fantasizing about fires. Not all pyrophiliacs use actual fire to obtain pleaure; sometimes simple fantasies will suffice.
It is important to distinguish pyrophilia from fire play. Although people who enjoy fire play may be pyrophiliacs, fire play in itself doesn't necessarily link practitioners to pyrophilia. Fire play is more a form of sensation play than a fetish, even though pyrophiliacs could theoretically be aroused or climax through fire play.


KIEV, Ukraine (AP) — Army troops have penetrated deep inside a rebel-controlled city in eastern Ukraine in what could prove a breakthrough development in the four-month-long conflict, the Ukrainian government said Sunday.
Ukraine's national security council said government forces captured a district police station in Luhansk on Saturday after bitter clashes in the Velika Vergunka neighborhood. Weeks of fighting have taken their toll on Luhansk, which city authorities say has reached the verge of a humanitarian catastrophe. The siege mounted by government forces has ground delivery of basic provisions to a halt and cut off power and running water.
Although rebel forces have regularly yielded territory in recent weeks, they have continued to show formidable fighting capabilities. Ukrainian military spokesman Oleksiy Dmitrashkovsky said Sunday that the separatists shot down a Ukrainian fighter plane over the Luhansk region after it launched an attack on rebels. The pilot ejected and was taken to a secure place, he said. Another military spokesman, Andriy Lysenko, later said that the status of the pilot was still being clarified.
The area is just across the border from where a large Russian aid convoy is poised to cross with supplies intended for Luhansk and other afflicted zones. Part of the aid convoy headed to the frontier crossing on Sunday, but the 16 white trucks then stopped. The convoy of nearly 270 vehicles has been marooned for days in a town near the border amid objections from Ukraine, which initially complained that the mission was not authorized by the International Committee for the Red Cross.
The Red Cross, which would have responsibility for distributing the aid, on Saturday said the main holdup was a lack of security guarantees from all sides in the conflict. A large X-ray machine was brought to the Russian crossing point in the afternoon, and Paul Picard, the head of a border-monitoring mission from the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, said it would be used to inspect the cargo.
As the status of the Russian aid convoy remained uncertain, the foreign ministers of Ukraine, Russia, Germany and France met in Berlin late Sunday to discuss ways to end the crisis. German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter-Steinmeier said ahead of the meeting that the search for a political solution mustn't be neglected even as efforts are made to provide humanitarian aid to civilians in the rebel-held cities of Luhansk and Donetsk.
"Today's news shows that things could get worse," he told reporters. "If we aren't very careful ... we may slide further toward a direct confrontation between Russian and Ukrainian forces." But Steinmeier lamented that previous accords reached in Geneva and Berlin had failed to hold, and added: "There's no guarantee that today's talks will result in the success we're looking for." Officials familiar with the talks, who asked not to be named because they weren't authorized to brief reporters until the meetings were over, also dampened any expectations of a major breakthrough.
The four diplomats began the evening with a demonstration of cordiality for the cameras, walking together around a tranquil park on the shores of Berlin's Lake Tegel before retreating into a government villa for closed-doors discussions.
Fighting, including frequent shelling, is also affecting Donetsk, Ukraine's main rebel-held city. Ten civilians have been killed and eight wounded in the past 24 hours, city authorities reported Sunday.
Russian President Vladimir Putin's spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, on Sunday denied that Russia had supplied any armored vehicles to the separatists. Lysenko, the military spokesman, said the government had information that separatists had received reinforcement from Russia, but added that there is evidence rebels are complaining about not receiving some of the equipment they have been promised.


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Chances are decent that at some point you've needed to provide some third party service with styling information so that they can have their service look as though it were part of your website. The types of services this could apply to could range widely from external e-commerce platforms to HR and other internal tools. Furthermore, they could either include this HTML directly or with a link to files that you host.
Normally setting this up is a manual (albeit not terribly difficult) process. Fortunately, the Third Party Wrappers module is here to take that load off of your shoulders.
Third Party Wrappers was originally created by Chris Johnson for Drupal 6. However, we here at Mediacurrent had need of that exact functionality for a Drupal 7 site - so we took the original module and converted it to Drupal 7. It worked like a charm.
Following that, I invested some of my contrib time and some time at the sprints at BADCamp 2014 further upgrading it to Drupal 8. This was a bit more difficult than the upgrade from Drupal 6 to 7, but it was a great learning experience.
The module is very simple. After the normal install procedure, head to the configuration screen. This can be found through the menus or as a Configure link on the modules admin page.
The main thing you'll need to configure is the content marker. When you request a page with Third Party Wrappers, the module will actually perform a second request to the specified page in the background, back to itself as an anonymous user. It will then search the HTML output of that request, and split it into two around (but not including) the configured content marker.
For Drupal 6 & 7: You can insert the marker into any page. For example, let's say you used node/1. Navigate to /third-party-wrappers/top/node/1 to see the content before the marker, /third-party-wrappers/bottom/node/1 to see the content after the marker, or to see the full output including the marker, /third-party-wrappers/all/node/1.
For Drupal 8: The module provides a simple page that lives at /third-party-wrappers. Navigate to /third-party-wrappers/top to see the content before the marker, /third-party-wrappers/bottom to see the content after the marker, or to see the full output including the marker, /third-party-wrappers/all.
Then you can simply View Source and copy/paste the HTML to provide the header and footer to the third party. Alternatively, they can simply include those paths directly, if you would like any changes made to update automatically and don't mind the extra bandwidth/processing costs.
But what about changes to our theme?
That covers the history and usage of Third Party Wrappers. If you have any questions or concerns, feel free to leave them in the comments!


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Fed's Rosengren says 2022 rate hike in play as job market heals
The Federal Reserve might consider an interest-rate hike from near zero as soon as late 2022 as the labor market reaches full employment and inflation is at the central bank's goal, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston President Eric Rosengren said.
"The criteria is that we have a sustainable inflation rate, that's 2% or above, and that we're at full employment," Rosengren said in a broadcast interview with Yahoo Finance. "I do expect that it's quite possible that we will see that by the end of next year, but it does depend on whether the economy progresses as strongly as I'm expecting."
Eric Rosengren, president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, speaks on the sidelines of the Jackson Hole economic symposium, sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, in Moran, Wyoming, U.S., on Thursday, Aug. 25, 2016.
Rosengren joined several other Fed presidents — St. Louis Fed's James Bullard, Dallas's Robert Kaplan and Atlanta President Raphael Bostic — in laying out a scenario in which the Fed would lift rates next year. He declined, though, to specify what his "dot," or interest-rate forecast, was in the quarterly projections.
Fed officials last week published economic projections showing 13 of 18 favored at least one rate increase by the end of 2023, versus seven in March. Eleven officials saw at least two hikes by the end of that year. In addition, seven of them saw a move as early as 2022, up from four.
Rosengren said it was "quite likely" the Federal Open Market Committee will achieve the "substantial further progress" on jobs and inflation required to taper its bond-buying program before the start of next year. The U.S. economy is likely to achieve around 7% economic growth this year, which would provide further support for healing in the job market, he said.
The FOMC sees gross domestic product expanding 7% this year, up from a prior projection of 6.5%.
The current surge in inflation is largely temporary and reflects the reopening of the economy following the COVID-19 pandemic and supply issues that will pass, Rosengren said, citing the situation in the used-car market.
"There is a lot of hype around inflation right now," the Boston Fed leader said in a separate speech to the Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum. "More than likely, this isn't likely to be a continuing problem for next year or the year after."
Data released Friday showed the Fed's preferred gauge of inflation rose 0.4% in May from the prior month and 3.9% over the past year. Previous reports on consumer prices for the months of April and May showed the highest monthly increases since 2009.
While many FOMC members see price pressures as transitory, their range of inflation estimates rose to 3% to 3.9% in June from 2.1% to 2.6% in March, last week's projections showed.
Rosengren said financial-stability issues need to be contemplated when the Fed sets monetary policy because regulatory tools alone aren't always able to prevent crises.
The recent surge in housing prices is worrisome with its steepness and could raise stability issues, he said. He said the Fed might want to taper mortgage securities at a rate that would end its role in buying faster than for Treasuries as part of the tapering.
Rosengren has been one of the Fed's most consistent voices on the risks to financial stability that could arise from a long period of low interest rates, a concern echoed in the central bank's May Financial Stability Report.
"This is the wrong time in the cycle to have housing booms that actually could go bust," Rosengren said. "In many of the major markets in the United States, metro-area housing prices are already higher than they were during the period leading up the financial crisis."
Rosengren will be a FOMC voting member in 2022.
China's economy looks set for a rebound in 2023, but a lot depends on one variable, KraneShares says
UBS trims banker ranks
Kenyan Fintech Kwara Raises $3 Million in Seed Extension


WASHINGTON, D.C. -- The U.S. Payroll to Population employment rate (P2P), as measured by Gallup, was 45.3% in August. This is down two-tenths of a percentage point from July, but is even with the rate measured in August 2012, the highest Gallup has measured for any August since tracking began in 2010.
P2P rates typically begin leveling off or falling in August after having risen through the spring and summer. This year appears to be no different, though the monthly figures have been higher in 2015 than in the comparable months most previous years.
Gallup's P2P metric tracks the percentage of the U.S. adult population aged 18 and older who work for an employer for at least 30 hours per week. P2P is not seasonally adjusted. The latest results are based on Gallup Daily tracking interviews with 31,469 Americans, conducted Aug. 1-31 by landline telephone and cellphone. Gallup does not count adults who are self-employed, work fewer than 30 hours per week, are unemployed or are out of the workforce as payroll-employed in the P2P metric.
The percentage of U.S. adults participating in the workforce in August was 66.9%. This is even with the rate measured in July 2015 and in August of last year. Since January 2010, the workforce participation rate has remained in a narrow range, from a low of 65.8% to a high of 68.5%. But since mid-2013, it has most often remained below 67.0%. Workforce participation is defined as the percentage of adults aged 18 and older who are working, or who are not working but are actively looking for work and are available for employment.
Gallup's unadjusted U.S. unemployment rate was 6.3% in August, up nominally from July's 6.1% and even with the rate measured in August 2014. After years of gradual decline, Gallup's unemployment measurement has not substantially changed from the rate measured a year ago, apart from a temporary seasonal spike in January. Gallup's U.S. unemployment rate represents the percentage of adults in the workforce who did not have any paid work in the past seven days, for an employer or themselves, and who were actively looking for and available to work.
Unlike Gallup's P2P rate, which is a percentage of the total population, the unemployment rates that Gallup and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics report are percentages within the labor force. While both Gallup and BLS data are based on surveys with very large sample sizes, the two have important methodological differences -- outlined at the end of this article. Additionally, the primary unemployment rate released by the BLS each month is seasonally adjusted, while Gallup reports unadjusted numbers. Though Gallup's employment numbers strongly correlate with BLS rates, the BLS and Gallup estimates of unemployment do not always track precisely on a monthly basis.
Gallup's measure of underemployment in August is 14.5%, up 0.3 points from July. This rate is still lower than in any month other than July 2015 since Gallup began tracking it daily in 2010. Gallup's U.S. underemployment rate combines the percentage of adults in the workforce who are unemployed (6.3%) and those who are working part time but desire full-time work (8.2%).
P2P ticked down as unemployment and involuntary part-time employment ticked up in August. However, these were not statistically significant changes, and moreover, they are broadly in line with what we would expect to see at this time of year: falling full-time employment and rising underemployment and unemployment. Overall, the employment situation continues to be moderately better than in recent years, but still much weaker than during the pre-2009 era.
Results for this Gallup poll are based on telephone interviews conducted Aug. 1-31, 2015, on the Gallup U.S. Daily survey, with a random sample of 31,469 adults, aged 18 and older, living in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. For results based on the total sample of national adults, the margin of sampling error is ±1 percentage point at the 95% confidence level. All reported margins of sampling error include computed design effects for weighting.
The U.S. Payroll to Population employment rate was 45.5% in July, unchanged from June. Workforce participation fell 0.3 percentage points to 66.9%, and unemployment ticked up a tenth of a percentage point to 6.1%.


Shostakovich's monumental Symphony No. 10 ranks among his finest works. From the bleak introspection of the extended opening movement, through the graphic evocation of violence in the explosive Allegro, and the eerie dance-like Allegretto alternating between dark and light, to the final movement's dramatic climax, this is a work of breathtaking musical contrasts. In 2010 Vasily Petrenko was named Male Artist of the Year at the Classical Brit Awards. His Naxos recording of Shostakovich's Symphony No. 8 (8.572392), was hailed as 'yet another Petrenko performance to join the greats' (BBC Music Magazine).