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2007 Draft produced several solid prospects for Nashville Predators
By Evgeny Oliker
Photo: Jeremy Smith was one of two goaltenders selected by the Predators in the 2007 draft. Now in his third professional season, Smith has been one of the top netminders in the AHL. (Photo courtesy of Holly Gunning/HF)
The 2007 NHL Draft is shaping up to be a top heavy draft for the Nashville Predators. Their first three selections, Jonathon Blum, Jeremy Smith, and Nick Spaling, all have a strong chance of making the NHL full-time. However, the future of the other six Predators selections from that year is less clear.
The first three selections have all received call-ups to the NHL. Blum has played parts of last season and this season with the Predators. Jeremy Smith did receive one call-up this season but did not get into a game yet. Nick Spaling has been a Predator since October of 2010. From the Predators 2007 Draft, Spaling is the only one who can be considered an NHL regular at this point. Blum is currently in the AHL but still stands a very good chance of becoming a top four NHL defenseman eventually. Jeremy Smith has been the number one goalie for the Admirals since last season. He also has the upside to make the NHL in some capacity.
The other six 2007 Predators selections are less inspiring. Their final selection, Atte Engren, might actually hold the most promise out of this group. As Smith's backup in Milwaukee, he has the raw talent to potentially see some NHL action in the future.
Jonathon Blum, D, Vancouver Giants (WHL) – 1st round, 23rd overall
Status: Prospect
NHL Games Played: 56
The Nashville Predators spent their first pick of the 2007 Entry Draft on the highly-touted Jonathon Blum. Prior to the trade deadline, the Predators traded Scottie Upshall, Ryan Parent, and their first round pick and third round pick in 2007 to Philadelphia for Peter Forsberg. However, in the off-season the Predators also traded the rights to Kimmo Timonen and Scott Hartnell to Philadelphia in order to get back that first round pick in 2007
In his draft year, Blum ranked seventh among WHL defensemen in points with 51 but managed to improve on that total in each of his next two seasons. Showing the ability to also play smart defensively, Blum finished a plus-53 in his final season. He helped his team win the 2006 WHL Championship and the 2007 MasterCard Memorial Cup. The icing on the cake was being named the 2009 WHL Defenseman of the Year at the conclusion of his WHL career.
Blum had an excellent rookie season in the AHL with 41 points. Last season he was so impressive that a late season injury to Ryan Suter prompted the Predators to reward Blum with a call-up. He stuck with the Predators until the end of their playoff run. Not phased by the pressure of the playoffs, he played a key role throughout the playoffs.
This season has been about Blum finally showing that he is human. He has shown some lapses in judgment defensively. Hoping to get his confidence back, the Predators sent him to the AHL on January 6th. Thus far his AHL stint has been marred by more defensive break downs. He may not have the size or physicality to become a top pairing defenseman. However, a future as a top four NHL defenseman who gets power play time is likely.
Jeremy Smith, G, Plymouth Whalers (OHL) – 2nd round, 54th overall
NHL Games Played: 0
Ranked very high by most scouts during his draft year, Jeremy Smith was surprisingly not the first or second goalie taken in 2007. However, the three goalies who went ahead of him, Joel Gistedt, Trevor Cann (COL), and Antoine Lafleur, have not had memorable careers thus far. During his draft year Smith was known as an athletic goalie who is sound positionally and that has not changed over time.
Smith spent four seasons with the OHL Plymouth Whalers. In 2007 he won an OHL Championship as well as USA Hockey's Dave Peterson Award as the best junior goaltender in the United States. He did struggle at times during his senior season and was eventually traded from the Whalers to the IceDogs.
At the conclusion of the 2009 Predators training camp, Smith was assigned to the ECHL. This decision was made partially because Smith's senior OHL season was not his best. Smith made the most of his situation. He, along with Robert Mayer, helped lead the Cyclones to the 2010 Kelly Cup Championship. That season Smith was named playoff co-MVP.
For the past two seasons, Smith has been playing in the AHL. In both seasons, Smith has consistently been one of the leaders in save percentage. This season he is also amogn the league leaders in wins (18). The Predators have Pekka Rinne signed for the next seven seasons and that may impede Smith's progress. However, he does have a chance to play back-up to Rinne next season if the Predators decide to trade or not re-sign Anders Lindback.
Nick Spaling, LW, Kitchener Rangers (OHL) – 2nd round, 58th overall
Status: NHL Player
NHL Games Played: 150
What made Nick Spaling so attractive for the 2007 draft was his all-around game. Early in 2007, then Kitchener coach (and current New Jersey Devils coach) Pete DeBoer touted Spaling as a player whose ability to think the game and consistently make the right decisions on the ice would get him to the NHL.
Spaling had a successful OHL career. Where he really stood out was during the 2008 OHL playoffs, winning the OHL Championship. Spaling finished with 30 points in just 20 playoff games, while potting the game-winning goal in Game seven. Despite improving offensively, Spaling's defensive zone coverage never faltered.
Spaling went pro after completing his 2007-08 season, his third in the OHL. In his rookie season with the Admirals he only produced 35 points. However, this is where Spaling's role became more defined as he was charged with playing against the other team's top lines. During the 2009 Predators training camp, Spaling impressed once again with his versatile game, resulting in his first call-up to the Predators later that year.
Spaling has been on the Predators roster since October 18th, 2010, becoming a key, unheralded player. While he does not score often, the Predators are undefeated in regulation whenever he does. In both his rookie and sophomore seasons, he has been second among Predators forwards in penalty killing ice time. Last season he helped the Predators set a franchise record for consecutive successful penalty kills with 37. His incredible attention to detail on the defensive end should keep him in the NHL for many years to come.
Ryan Thang, LW, Notre Dame (CCHA) – 3rd Round, 81st overall
Ryan Thang is a typical Predators draft pick in that he is a very hard working player. His drive and leadership were some of the key attributes that made the Predators pick Thang in round three of the 2007 draft.
Thang's production steadily declined in his four seasons with Notre Dame. He did have a strong freshman season with 41 points. However, his goal totals dropped each season thereafter. He did continue to work hard however and that perseverance earned him the captaincy his senior season.
Now playing in the AHL, Thang's journey with the Admirals seems to mirror his journey at Notre Dame. He led all Admirals rookies in points with 41 last season. This season, after a quick start, he has only two points in his last 15 games. Thang is similar to Spaling in that he may not have a high offensive ceiling, but his dedication and defensive play may just be enough to carve out a spot as a bottom six NHL two-way forward.
Ben Ryan, C, Notre Dame (CCHA) – 4th round, 114th overall
Ben Ryan finished with 64 points in 20006-07, which ranked him eight in USHL scoring. He was drafted however because he is a quick two-way center who is constantly involved in the play.
Ryan spent three of his four seasons in Notre Dame playing with Ryan Thang, who was drafted just 33 spots earlier 2007. Despite being an alternate captain for the 2010-11 season, Ryan never managed to score more than 12 goals in any of his three seasons with Notre Dame.
This season Ryan has split time between the ECHL and the AHL. Playing in the AHL has given Ryan the chance to reunite with Thang. Unfortunately, Ryan has been sidelined with a concussion since November 19th.
Mark Santorelli, C, Chilliwack (WHL) – 4th round, 119th overall
Status: Bust
Mark Santorelli is the older brother of Mike Santorelli (FLA), who the Predators drafted in 2004. Noting Mike's success and Mark's own breakout season in the WHL, the Predators decided to draft the younger Santorelli as well. Mark went undrafted in 2006 due to concerns over his skating but that did not phase the Predators. They were dreaming of uniting Mark's playmaking ability with his older brother's scoring touch.
During his draft year, Mark finished second among WHL rookies with 82 points. In his sophomore season he exceeded expectations by finishing first in the WHL with 101 points. Yet critics still noted that Mark's production was helped greatly by playing on a dominant line with Oscar Moller (LAK).
Mark's AHL career did not go as planned. He was unable to produce more than 24 points in either of his two seasons with the Admirals. This past summer the Predators decided not to give Mark a qualifying offer. As a free agent Mark decided to join Sweden's Allsvenskan league. However, through 39 games he only has nine goals. At this point his chances of ever making the NHL are in serious doubt.
Andreas Thuresson, W, Malmo (Sweden) – 5th round, 114th overall
Andreas Thuresson, like Mark Santorelli, also went undrafted in 2006. However, Thuresson helped his draft stock in 2007 by playing extremely well in his rookie season with Malmo (Elitserien). What also attracted the Predators to Thuresson is that like most Predators forward prospects, he is a defensively sound player who does not mind playing a physical game.
The Elitserien is known for not giving rookies a lot of ice time. Nevertheless, Thuresson managed 15 points in 48 games in his rookie season with Malmo. That ranked him fourth among those under 20 years of age playing in Elitserien that season.
Thuresson's transition to the AHL has been a failure thus far. He played in four seasons with the Admirals, reaching the 40 point plateau only once. The Predators did give him a chance at the NHL level but Thuresson only managed one goal in 25 NHL games. This past summer Thuresson was traded to the New York Rangers in exchange for Brodie Dupont. Unfortunately, Thuresson's production with the Connecticut Whale is reminiscent of his days with the Admirals.
Robert Dietrich, D, Dusseldorf (Germany) – 6th round, 174th overall
Status: Deceased
Perhaps the most unexpected selection of the Predators 2007 draft was Robert Dietrich. The 5'10 Dietrich only ranked 33rd among DEL defenseman in points during his draft year.
Dietrich had a relatively successful season playing for Dusseldorf during his draft year. He accumulated 22 points and showed some offensive skills. He missed most of the following season with a leg injury, managing to play in only nine games.
The transition to the AHL was gradual. After a quiet rookie season, Dietrich led all Admirals defensemen with 43 point in his sophomore season. Still, the Predators did not provide him with a qualifying offer when his entry-level contract ran out. As a consequence, Dietrich went back to play in the DEL for one season before signing with Lokomotiv of the KHL. Dietrich's life and NHL career ended tragically on September 7th as he was on board the Lokomotiv team plane that crashed that day.
Atte Engren, G, Lukko Rauma (SM-liiga) – 7th round, 204th overall
Atte Engren may one day become a steal not unlike fellow Finnish Predators goalie Pekka Rinne, who was chosen in round 8 in 2004. While his draft year numbers in the SM-liiga were not spectacular, it is his hybrid butterfly style and agility that caught the attention of the Predators.
Engren started his SM-liiga career with Lukko Rauma but eventually moved on to TPS Turku. TPS Turku is a team known for producing the likes of Miikka Kiprusoff (CAL) and Antero Niittymaki (SJ). It is with TPS Turku that Engren had the most success, posting an impressive .921 save percentage in 2009-10 and a .918 save percentage in 2010-11.
In his first full season with the Admirals this season, Engren has had an up and down journey. He has at times been able to make up for poor performances by rebounding in his next start. He needs to continue to work on items like rebound control and seeing the puck better through traffic.


text:
Space-filling solution could boost Wi-Fi security
日期:2019-03-01 07:08:04 作者:麦徉泥 阅读:
By Jacob Aron Cancer treatment could become safer, and Wi-Fi networks more secure, now that a geometric puzzle has been solved. Mathematicians have long studied the packing problem, which involves finding the best way to cram a set of shapes inside a larger object. A related puzzle is the covering problem, in which the smaller shapes completely cover the larger. An example of each might be "how many tennis balls can you fit in a box?" and "how many square tiles will cover a circular floor?", respectively. Now Carolyn Phillips, a physicist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and her colleagues have studied what they call the "filling" problem. Unlike the packing problem, the smaller shapes can overlap and have different sizes, but they can't extend beyond the object's boundary, which is allowed in the covering problem. It is essentially a mathematical version of colouring in a shape using differently sized blobs of paint. Phillips started investigating the problem when trying to model the behaviour of a type of nanoparticle. "Physicists are used to thinking about simple hard objects that can't overlap, while problems of covering have been traditionally more the domain of mathematicians," she says. "Now there are nanoscale structures that can be modelled as overlapping spheres." Phillips and her colleagues have now explained how to solve the problem in two dimensions – for example, filling a triangle with a variety of circles. The team begin by finding the target object's "topological skeleton", a representation of the object to be filled as a series of lines running through its centre. The topological skeleton of a triangle comprises three lines – one beginning at each of the triangle's points – that meet at a triple branching point. More complicated shapes can have several of these branching points. The team place the centre of the first circle at one of the branching points in this skeleton, filling as large an area as possible. Subsequent smaller circles then sit at other points along the skeleton until the entire shape is filled. The team is now looking for a solution to the problem in three or more dimensions. "The skeleton of a 3D shape is more complicated," says Phillips. "Conceptually the solutions are similar, but designing an algorithm that can actually find a good optimal solution is considerably more challenging." Peter Cameron, a mathematician at Queen Mary, University of London, says that the new filling problem – and its solution – are interesting. However, he questions whether it will be as useful as packing and covering, which are applicable to more abstract mathematical concepts than circles or other simple shapes. Working out how to fill a space using the minimum number of circles could have real-world applications, though. Phillips says the technique could help radiologists use the minimum number of variously sized radiation beams to treat all areas of a tumour. It could also help in the design of office Wi-Fi networks, which would use the smallest possible number of antennas and ensure that the signal does not extend beyond the building's walls where it would be vulnerable to snoopers. Journal reference: Physical Review Letters, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.198304 More on these topics:
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The American Institute for Conservation
Art Serving Science: Solutions for the Preservation and Access of a Collection of Botanical Art and Illustration
Judith Reed, Olga Souza Marder, and Laura McCann
In the early 1990s, the Library of the New York Botanical Garden diversified its preservation efforts to respond to challenges brought about by growth of its book and special collections and by institutional planning. A plan was under way to the construct a new Plant Studies Center to house the Library and Herbarium1 collections in a state-of-the-art storage facility.
The Library's conservation department initiated preservation projects for the special collections. These projects reflect the basic tenets guiding the Library's preservation efforts: to provide long-term stable storage and easy access to its collections. The Art and Illustration Collection was one of the first special collections selected for preservation.
The Art and Illustration Collection was accumulated by the Library from numerous sources. The collection continues to grow, as artists donate their works, Garden scientists and the NYBG Press deposit original illustrations used in their publications, and as pieces of original art found in the Garden's archives are added to the collection. At this time the collection contains about sixty individual collections with an estimated total of 15,000 items. It includes a variety of media, such as pen and ink drawings and watercolor paintings, most of which were used to illustrate scientific publications and popular works of science. The art was executed between the early nineteenth century and the present.
Historical Background Of Botanical Art
Fig. 1a. Heinrich Füllmaurer and Albrecht Meyer are depicted in the earliest known portrait of scientific illustrators. Reproduced from: Leonhardt Fuchs, De Historia Stirpium.. ., Basileae: In Officina Isingriniana, 1542.
Fig. 1b. Botanical artist working in the field in French Guiana (1992). Photograph credit: Carol Gracie.
To place modern scientific illustration into historical perspective, one must understand that collaborations between botanists and artists came about when Renaissance naturalists realized the need for accurate illustrations drawn from nature to depict their new discoveries. The earlier tradition of copying ancient words and pictures did not fit the needs of the Renaissance. A new collaboration developed amongst naturalists, artists, and draftsmen, bringing art and science together, as is true today (figs. 1a-b).
Botanical art must be accurate to be scientifically valid, but can be beautiful, if executed by a talented and informed artist. Scientific botanical art is generally intended to be published and used by botanists in their research. According to some botanists, a well-drawn illustration is often more effective than a photograph for conveying diagnostic characteristics and the overall likeness of the species. The drawing should inform and elucidate beyond what is described in words. Botanical art depicts information that the viewer easily recognizes without needing to understand or translate the text.
From the Renaissance to the present, producing an illustrated book has been time-consuming and expensive. It was common practice for Renaissance printers to use the same wood blocks over again, often renting or buying them from another publisher. Reuse of botanical illustrations is common practice to this day and explains the need for the botanical community to have ready access to the drawings. It will also clarify conservation concepts and solutions adopted for this project.
Development Of the Preservation and Access Plan
In 1994, the conservation staff directed its efforts toward developing a conservation plan for the Art and Illustration Collection. Goals of the project were to physically stabilize individual pieces of art; provide secure and permanent housing for the collection before its move to the new storage facility; provide better access to materials; and refine the long-term preservation plan for the collection.
Fig. 2a & b. Storage conditions of botanical illustrations prior to rehousing project.
Initially, a collection level survey was carried out to evaluate general needs of the pieces within each collection. For the most part, the drawings have been executed on good quality watercolor paper, Bristol board, or drawing board. Most media—graphite, black ink, and watercolor—appear to be quite stable. Prior to relocation to the Library, the collection suffered primarily from inadequate storage conditions and poor handling practices (figs. 2a-b). The damaging effects of aging adhesives used on tracing paper and composite publishing plates are commonly found in the collection (fig. 8).
Fig. 3. Search and input screens for NYBG Botanical Art Database.
The next step in the plan was to design a database.2 Initially seen as a survey tool for collecting and retrieving conservation information, the database evolved into a basic finding guide to the collection. Information on plant identification and artist as well as conservation needs for each piece are recorded (fig. 3). The database allows users to link the art to published works and archives in the Library and corresponding dried plant specimens in the Herbarium.
With the database in place, the conservation staff, through discussions with Library staff and conservation colleagues in other institutions, began to plan the stabilization and rehousing of the collection. Once the plan was drafted, a pilot project was conducted, during which time 1,500 pieces were processed. After the pilot project was completed, a plan was finalized, and has been implemented over the past six years.
The stabilization and housing plan consists of four components:
Arrangement: Since the drawings are used primarily for research purposes, they are usually arranged, within each collection, by plant family, in the same manner as the dried plants in the Herbarium.
Surveying and data entry: Each piece of art is surveyed for physical condition and conservation needs. This information is entered into the database along with the scientific plant name(s), artist, and publications in which the illustration appears.
Cleaning and wrapping: The drawings are surface cleaned and wrapped in glassine paper. Only those problems requiring immediate intervention by a conservator are being treated during this phase of the project.
Housing: Individually wrapped pieces are grouped together for placement into four-flap wrappers. Groups of wrappers are housed in standard-sized Solander boxes.3 Pieces of irregular size or shape are given special mounts or stored in alternative housing.
To accomplish this long-term project, the Library has been fortunate to supplement its small conservation staff with technicians funded with grants from the Institute for Museum and Library Services and conservation interns funded by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation. Research projects of the interns have helped provide solutions to particular conservation problems in preserving the collection.
Solutions: Techniques and Materials
Certain conservation techniques and materials were selected and developed because the collection is part of a scientific research library rather than an art museum. For example, storing drawings in mats is impractical because storage space is limited, and the works are seldom exhibited.
After reviewing possible wrapping materials to determine which would best protect the drawings, a pH neutral, lignin-free glassine paper was selected. This material is translucent enough to view the images without unwrapping them, reducing the risk of mechanical damage and soiling. It is lightweight, relatively inexpensive, has a non-abrasive surface, and does not have electrostatic characteristics. Although glassine is not particularly strong, that is not required for our purpose. Polyester film is used when physical strength is required to support fragile pieces with non-friable media.
Fig. 4a. Two different sized illustrations mounted onto Bristol board using tabs. Wood gouge shown below.
Fig. 4b. Illustration with several images cut from the plate, mounted onto Bristol board using tabs, in order to provide better support.
Since the drawings are usually arranged by plant family, pieces of varying sizes are often stored next to each other. To prevent their shifting and causing damage to one another, small pieces are mounted non-adhesively to supports made of lightweight Bristol board. The drawings are held in place by cutting tabs into the Bristol, using a woodworkers gouge4 (fig. 4a). When possible, several small pieces are mounted to the same sheet, saving storage space. Experience at NYBG showed that pre-made polyester film corners with adhesive applied to the very edges risked adhesive "ooze" and possible damage to the drawing. Preparing polyester film or paper corners in-house was too time-consuming to be practical.
Among the specific problems encountered were numerous illustrations from which individual images had been cut for preparation of publication plates. This left large areas of loss, which caused the support to be unstable and difficult to handle. In other cases the drawings had been cut into individual images, resulting in a series of tiny drawings, with no clue as to which ones originally belonged together in the same plate.
The problem of supporting drawings with images cut from them was solved by using a modification of the tab system described earlier. Tabs can be cut into any area on the Bristol board support to stabilize a weakened part of the drawing (fig. 4b). For storage of the small drawings, many of which are somewhat fragile, polyester film pockets were prepared, using a Crossweld heat-sealing machine. A piece of buffered paper was placed behind each drawing. If information was written on the verso, it was photocopied onto the buffered paper.
While the tab system has proved effective for consolidating items with large losses, a different system was needed for supporting a group of illustrations with extensive insect damage. A number of nineteenth-century drawings of the flora of Cuba were added to the collection after being stored for many years in poor housing under tropical conditions. The images, executed with a variety of media on lightweight paper, had suffered severe insect damage and had been fumigated with an unidentified product before coming to the Library.
Fig. 5. Fragile illustration with insect damage from the Flora Cubana collection, encapsulated between polyester film and polyester webbing.
In this case polyester film appeared to be the most appropriate material to support these drawings. However, there was concern with having polyester film on both sides of the drawings. The solution was to use polyester film on the front, heat-sealed to polyester webbing on the back, allowing the drawings to breathe. Sheets of buffered paper were placed behind them. For purposes of efficient storage and production, the polyester film and webbing were cut to a standard size. To keep the varying sized drawings from shifting within the enclosures, each was sealed close to the edges of the drawing (fig. 5).
Once the drawings were surface cleaned with Mars-Staedtler eraser crumbs and individually wrapped, they were grouped together into four-flap wrappers one-half inch thick. This prevents the artworks from shifting within their final enclosure and allows for easier and safer handling. Since strength is not a major issue, ten-point buffered Bristol board is sufficient.
Fig. 6a & b. Solander boxes with fillers.
Fig. 6c. Illustrations for construction of corrugated board fillers. Drawings by Martha A. Fitzpatrick.
Fig. 6d. Corrugated board models showing filler construction.
Fig. 7. Storage condition of botanical illustrations after rehousing.
A decision was made to construct double-wall Solander boxes as the final housing for the artwork.5 They are sturdy and are commonly used for housing materials in libraries. Pre-made archives storage boxes proved not to be sturdy enough for long-term storage. For orderly shelving, the boxes are made in two sizes. These sizes were determined to accommodate the bulk of the artwork, while fitting properly on the shelving in the collection storage area in the new Plant Studies Center.6 The half size boxes are designed to stack side-by-side on top or below larger boxes. In this way the weight is evenly distributed and supported along the sturdy outer walls, avoiding structural distortion to the boxes themselves (fig. 7).
In order to accommodate the varying sizes of the artworks and to keep them from shifting around, the interior of the boxes are modified. Fillers are made of buffered corrugated board, with honey-comb structures, to avoid making the boxes too heavy. These fillers are covered with the same material as the boxes.7 When two different sizes of wrappers must be stored in the same box, a stepped filler is constructed (figs. 6a-d).
Included in the artwork are a number of pieces too large to fit into the larger size Solander boxes. Since it is impractical to construct and carry boxes any larger than the 17 x 22 inch, another storage option was needed. Flat files are in common usage in the Library and lent themselves to a satisfactory solution. As with the materials stored in the boxes, these larger pieces are first wrapped in glassine paper, mounted on Bristol board when necessary, and enclosed in four-flap Bristol board wrappers with labels. To keep the wrappers from shifting within the drawers, dividers and wedges, made of corrugated board, are constructed and placed in the drawers to serve the same purpose as the fillers in the boxes.
Spine labels for both wrappers and boxes are computer-generated. They are very legible, allowing for quick access and ensuring that artwork will be returned to proper enclosures and reshelved in correct order. When the artwork supplements a scientist's research papers, which are a part of the Library's archives collection, the label also includes information linking the art to its archives record group.
Fig. 8. Detail of illustration showing adhesive residue and staining, left after one drawing from a composite plate detached, due to adhesive failure.
One continuing conservation issue involving the collection concerns the different adhesives used to make composite publishing plates. The problems are many-fold: adhesive identification, adhesive failure, adhesive residue, and the question of still-active chemicals in the adhesives (fig. 8). In most instances removal of adhesive stain is less urgent for our collection than for a frequently exhibited collection. Rather, it is necessary to know whether a detached image can be re-adhered, or if the first adhesive will prevent reattachment.
Fig. 9. Composite publishing plate with notations for printer. The plate includes both watercolor paintings and hand-colored photographs.
This task is more complicated considering that these publishing plates may have not been designed by the artist who executed the drawings (fig. 9). In such situations, should an attempt be made to re-adhere individual images that have detached? If the composite plate is unpublished, where should the cut-out drawing be re-adhered? If the image is not reattached, how can it be kept with the plate, for historical information purposes? There are also composite publishing plates, which are comprised of both photostat images from previous published works and original drawings.
Substantial progress on the preservation of the botanical art collection has been made over the past six years. Over 9,000 art works have been surveyed, stabilized and rehoused. The botanical information recorded in the database provides access for library users. The database will be invaluable in the future, particularly when conservation treatment is to be carried out on the artwork. The staff can retrieve information on which pieces are in need and what level and kind of treatment is required.
The authors have had help and cooperation from colleagues in the field of conservation, fellow staff members in the Library, and the New York Botanical Garden's scientists and publications staff, in both long-range planning and ideas for solving specific conservation problems. We are grateful to all of those individuals for their willingness and generosity in sharing with us their expertise and experience.
A rich interchange occurred between the Library's conservation staff and Garden scientists who collaborated not only in properly identifying the plants, but also in helping the conservators to understand the need and value for graphic documentation for the science of botany.
Special thanks goes to "the team" that contributed directly to the project: Andrea Winona Abraham, Bernadette Callery, Jacalyn H. Chin, Martha A. Fitzpatrick, Susan Fraser, Kelsey Osborn, Kelli Piotrowski, John F. Reed, Erin Vigneau, Muriel Weinerman, Dr. Thomas Zanoni, and the Samuel H. Kress Foundation.
Unless otherwise noted, all photographs were taken by NYBG staff photographer Muriel Weinerman.
1. The NYBG Herbarium holds a collection in excess of six million dried and pressed plant specimens, filed by an accepted system used for botanical research and study. Herbarium staff carry out preservation of the specimens following techniques that have been developed over many years, using sound contemporary materials.
2. The database, developed for the Botanical Art Collection by a former Library staff member, used dBase IV 2.0 software. Discussions are currently under way with Garden's Computer Service's staff and vendors to upgrade and make the database compatible with CATALPA, the Library's online catalog.
3. Solander boxes are known alternately as drop-spine boxes, clamshell boxes, or double-tray boxes.
4. Conservator Hedi Kyle at the American Philosophical Society has used a woodworkers gouge for various conservation projects. An NYBG conservation intern, observing this technique, adapted its use to the NYBG project.
5. Using Solander boxes for storage of the NYBG botanical art is fitting, since the original design of this style of enclosure is attributed to Dr. Daniel Charles Solander, an eighteenth century botanist. Dr. Solander was keeper of natural history collections and librarian at the British Museum and took part in Captain Cook's first voyage around the world. The boxes were devised for the storage of drawings and botanical specimens collected on that voyage. Boxes of this design are still in use in the libraries at Kew Royal Botanic Gardens and the British Natural History Museum to house their art collections and some herbarium specimens.
6. The measurements of the standard size Solander boxes adopted in this project are (in inches): 17 x 22 x 2; 17 x 22 x 1; 11 x 17 x 2; and 11 x 17 x 1.
7. These sturdy lightweight fillers, an adaptation of a traditional bookbinder's technique, were developed by the NYBG conservation staff and Martha A. Fitzpatrick, a former Kress Intern.
JUDITH A. REED
Conservation Librarian
The LuEsther T. Mertz Library
OLGA SOUZA MARDER
LAURA T. MCCANN
Received: Fall 1999
Paper delivered at the Book and Paper specialty group session, AIC 27th Annual Meeting, June 8-13, 1999, St. Louis, Missouri.
Papers for the specialty group session are selected by committee, based on abstracts and there has been no further peer review. Papers are received by the compiler in the Fall following the meeting and the author is welcome to make revisions, minor or major.
URL: http://cool.conservation-us.org/coolaic/sg/bpg/annual/v18/bp18-14.html
Timestamp: Wednesday, 03-Aug-2011 10:44:35 PDT


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text:
Бінарна інтеркаляційна сполука графіту (,  — інтеркаляційна сполука графіту, що містить одну хімічну сполуку окрім графіту, при цьому йони (або інші рівноважні форми), які можуть утворитись з такої сполуки, не вважаються за іншу хімічну форму.

Див. також
 Інтеркаляція
 Інтеркалант
 інтеркаляційна сполука
 Бінарні сполуки

Джерела
 Глосарій термінів з хімії // Й.Опейда, О.Швайка. Ін-т фізико-органічної хімії та вуглехімії ім. Л. М. Литвиненка НАН України, Донецький національний університет — Донецьк: «Вебер», 2008. — 758 с. — ISBN 978-966-335-206-0
 Binary graphite intercalation compounds

Графіт

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Old dial up modem noise explanation I am looking for a technical documentation on the connection procedure used on the old Dial Up modem that generate this sound: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHW1ho8L7V8
I can't find anything on Google about this, do you know where can I find documentation about this ?
Sure it's a little bit useless today, but I often think of "What is it doing with this noise ? What is transmitted ?"
Thank you

A: What you're asking is a simple question with a very complex answer.
Each tone you're hearing when an oldschool modem dials up is indicative of a set of data that is being transmitted. Sound pitch is measured in Hz. Your average adult can hear from around 20Hz to 20,000Hz (but we can't always distinguish the difference between 20Hz and 21Hz).
So say for example, a 20Hz pitch means 0 and a 21Hz pitch means 1. So to transmit
00000110
You would transmit 20Hz 20Hz 20Hz 20Hz 20Hz 21Hz 21Hz 20Hz. At something rediculously slow like 1-baud, that would take 8 seconds to transmit that data.
But why bother, when you can say that:

30Hz = 00000000
  31Hz = 00000001
  32Hz = 00000010
  33Hz = 00000011
  34Hz = 00000100
  35Hz = 00000101
  36Hz = 00000110
  37Hz = 00000111

etc so on and so forth. So the same dataset (00000110) can be represented as 36Hz and you've transmitted 8 bits in 1 second, rather than 8. Congratulations, you've sent 8 bits of information in a single cycle.
Now a MODEM over a crappy telephone line, can only distinguish so many different freqencies, and there needs to be error checking etc in place, but to transmit:
000000110000011100000100
You're going to need a lot of different audio pitches played after eachother super fast (56,000 of them per second in the case of a 56K modem). When you play 56,000 different tones within the space of a second, that dialup sound is what you get.

A: I just found a graph explaining everything: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Dial_up_modem_noises_explained_final.png

A: What you're listening to is the analog negotiation of various features between two modems. Those of us of a certain age can identify baud rate from just the noise, even 15 years after we stopped regular usage of the things. Ahem. What I can't tell you off the top of my head are the protocol versions.
Wikipedia has a nice list of these, as they evolved a LOT over the years. 100-baud is a very different critter than the 56K we had when dialup died.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITU-T_V-Series_Recommendations
And if you really do want the technical definitions for all of this, the ITU still has these published:
http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-V/en
There were a few other protocols in use in line negotiations, but I've lost my modem manuals a move or two ago and can't look them up. Digging around I find a familiar friend, MNP as well as a host of vendor-specific protocols that never took off very far.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Happy Valentine's Day, everyone! Now that all of the craziness of the preschool Valentine parties is behind us, I thought I'd take a second to share the cards that I put together with the kids this year and explain how I involve them in the process (and show off some of them from years past as well).
So, back before my kids had any solid opinions on anything, I was able to do things like this adorable little photo from Picture People (I had a Groupon and one kid who couldn't even stand up, so this was a fun and inexpensive option to send to the grandparents).
I looked through everything and couldn't find anything from 2013. I have no excuse for this except that I was pregnant with twins and tired and nauseated and everything fell by the wayside for a while. But then the following year, I got my act together again AND I had purchased this handy little photo lighting and backdrop kit from Amazon (that link is the exact one I have, and it's been great, but there are a ton of them out there and they're all pretty similar, so browse around and see if there's something cheaper!). So I took my own pictures instead of dragging everyone to a studio, and I got a little creative with G's because he was in preschool and had a card exchange scheduled with his class.
(Gah, I still can't handle the cuteness of their old pictures sometimes).
But it was really last year that I ramped things up a little with these. G was three and a half, and he was starting to notice things like the standard boxes of Valentine's Day cards on the shelves with all of the characters that he loved. And those are cute and easy and fun for kids to receive, but I'm ridiculous and I still wanted to have my own fun with the holiday. So, with a collection of costumes that I sourced from our local Facebook resale page and some pieces I made myself (G's shirt, C's hat), AND some extensive photoshop work on the background, we came up with this.
This was a blast, y'all. The kids LOVED the result, and Rocket Daddy still has the picture of all three of them on his desk at work.
I wrote out the sentence "Hi (friend's name)! I think you are…" and then I gave G a list of some positive adjectives to pick from – nice, smart, cool, pretty, funny, and sweet. For each one, he told me which word he thought fit that person, and I wrote that word in a light-colored marker. I also wrote his name in the same marker, and then I had him trace over those two things.
We added a Toy Story sticker and then put this little card in the envelope alongside his Woody picture. I also taped a little Valentine's-themed bag of goldfish crackers to the final product.
So here we are, it's 2016, and my chances to do themes that all three kids enjoy are probably running out now that everyone's getting older, so I'm enjoying it while I can. The kids picked their favorite characters from Pixar's Inside Out, I threw some basic costumes together, and – ta da!
Little-known facts: I didn't bother putting face or body paint on anyone, as the thought of three kids running around the house smearing makeup on every surface was enough to give me hives. I just did that in Photoshop. I did, however, make them wear wigs, and that Joy wig started it's life as a very long and curly mermaid wig. I gave it a terrible haircut and hoped for the best. Also, the silhouette outlines of the heads are different on each one because I actually used each kid's own profile for it on their card.
This year, I tried to have the twins participate in writing their cards, and I had G write the entire card to each of his friends himself. And let me tell you, in the 11th hour, I fully regretted that decision, as the process took much longer than either of us anticipated and it was very difficult for him to sit and focus on the project after a long day of preschool.
The twins obviously aren't ready for the letter-tracing activity that I tried to offer on this, but they did scribble in the right places on most of the cards, haha. G did well with the first few cards but ended up needing some guidelines drawn for him on the rest because the words were starting to go everywhere. I'm so proud of how far he's come with his writing, though!
I glued those cards to the backs of their Inside Out themed photos and then taped a lollipop to the front of the envelope.
So there we have it – character valentines for kids, done the not-so-easy, actually-pretty-hard way. Ha! Hope you all had a lovely holiday!
← 12 (Really) Easy Valentine's Day Mailboxes – Thinking Outside the Shoebox!


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THE BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO THE KETOGENIC DIET
If you are a sentient being living in the year 2019, you've heard about the keto diet. More than that, there's a 98 percent chance* that you know someone—your best friend, mother, former high school classmate who is involved in a pyramid scheme—who has embraced this low-carb/high-fat diet. (*Based on my very unscientific, but probably accurate, real-life observations.)
Only unlike that MLM company Becky from freshman year bio keeps spamming you about on Facebook, the keto diet could actually be a positive thing for you. A growing body of research has shown that our bodies need fat to thrive, which explains why the ketogenic diet—which emphasizes fats and strictly reduces carb intake—is having a serious moment. (And nearly every celeb, from Halle Berry to Vinny from Jersey Shore, is on board.)
While a diet filled with avocados, EVOO, and butter may sound like a true gift, there are a few super-important rules—and icky side-effects—that you need to know about. (Hello, "keto flu"!)
Learn the ratios
Let's start with the basics: your macros. "The most important thing to know before embarking on the ketogenic diet is that you need to keep your carb intake under 30 grams total per day," says Keto Comfort Foods author Maria Emmerich.
This is because the absence of carbohydrates forces your body into—and keeps it in—ketosis, the metabolic state key to the ketogenic diet. When your body is in ketosis, it switches from using carbs as its primary source of energy and instead uses ketones (fats) as its energy source. "This enables you to tap into greater energy reserves, improves your moods, and allows you to burn excess body fat," Emmerich says.
Next, you'll want to eat about 0.8 times your lean mass in protein every day. "A woman who weighs 150 pounds and has 30 percent body fat has about 105 pounds of lean mass, so she would shoot for 84 grams of protein each day," says Emmerich. Fat should clock in somewhere around 90 to 100 grams per day.
Luckily, you can easily reach these macros with some insanely delish recipes, like these cinnamon maca bites, avocado fries, or Emmerich's basil deviled eggs—scroll all the way down for the how-to.
Expect some side effects
The main side effect of keto is that you're required to post on Instagram stories about how delicious your cauliflower pizza crust is, and how you totally don't miss carbs because it's just as good as real pizza crust (even though everyone knows that's false). I know because it happened to me.
But real talk, there's also this thing called the "keto flu" which is pretty much exactly what it sounds like. "During the first one to two weeks of the keto diet, it's common to experience a number of symptoms as the body adjusts to using fat for energy instead of glucose," says Josh Axe, D.N.M., C.N.S., D.C., author of the upcoming book Keto Diet. The main side effects, Dr. Axe says, are fatigue, brain fog, headaches, trouble sleeping, constipation and indigestion, trouble sleeping, less motivation to exercise, irritability, and increased urination and moodiness. Cool. (Again, you will probably feel inclined to post about all of this dramatically on Instagram stories. This is all very normal.)
While you're at it, maybe stay off your dating apps for a while—or, at least, don't schedule any dates during this two week period. There's this fun thing called "keto breath," where your breath stinks worse than old garlic during the transition into ketosis. This admittedly does not lend itself well to romance (not that I'm speaking from personal experience or anything).
Headaches are also really common, but can be prevented by upping your water intake and adding electrolytes into your diet. "[The headaches] are primarily due to dehydration, because your body retains water when you're on a high-carbohydrate diet," explains Emmerich. "Going into ketosis will release much of this water along with electrolytes." Make sure to sip on tons of H20 along with coconut water (which naturally has electrolytes), and you should be able to manage the first few weeks without relying on a steady dose of aspirin.
Stock your pantry with the keto staples
"Your pantry won't look a whole lot different—just remove all the carb filled junk," Emmerich says. Here are some low-carb basics she says your new-and-improved keto kitchen will need:
Coconut oil and/or MCT oil
Line-caught fish
Non-starchy vegetables like spinach and Brussels sprouts
Almond flour (Emmerich says this is a great tool for putting a keto-friendly spin on your favorite desserts)
You may notice there's one major ingredient missing: sugar, which pretty much instantly kicks you out of ketosis.
While a few natural sweeteners are fair game on the diet, including stevia, xylitol, and monk fruit, Emmerich recommends avoiding them, too, while you adjust to this new way of eating. "Abstain from all sweet flavors for a month; this will shift the palate away from sweet tastes," suggest Emmerich. "At the end of the month, you'll find that sweet flavors won't cause so many cravings, even when using healthy natural sweeteners in moderation."
Don't make these common mistakes
Dr. Axe says that there are three major mistakes people make when they embark on a keto diet that could be affecting their experience on the eating plan (and their results). First up: not eating enough non-starchy veggies. "We need vegetables in our diet to obtain fiber, vitamins, and electrolytes that help prevent side effects," he explains. "Non-starchy veggies like leafy greens and cruciferous vegetables should be eaten throughout the day."
Dehydration is another thing to watch out for. "Urination is increased on the keto diet, and electrolytes are lost at an increased rate," Dr. Axe says. He says it's important to drink lots of water, and consuming salt (an electrolyte!) by adding sea salt to your food and drinking bone broth.
Last, he says people often make the mistake of using a high-fat diet as an excuse to eat tons of processed food (there's a reason why keto is known as the butter-and-bacon diet.) "A clean approach means focusing on whole, unprocessed foods (like olive oil, grass-fed butter, avocado, cage-free eggs, fish etc.), limiting processed meats and refined vegetable oils, and incorporating vegetables into the diet too," Dr. Axe says. That way you'll enjoy the results of ketosis without missing out on major nutritional components that your body needs.
Prepare to make long-term changes
Think the keto diet is a "one-and-done" kind of deal? Not necessarily! You may just be testing the waters or taking on a 30-day challenge, but know that many people wind up making the keto diet a permanent lifestyle change.
"Most of my clients are amazed at how good they feel after starting this diet," says Emmerich, adding that many experience healthy weight loss. "Once people realize how great they feel on a keto diet, they'll likely try to stay keto for life."
However, a lifetime of keto eating is not recommended for everyone, so it's best to listen to your body and talk to your doc. "Typically it's recommended that a traditional keto diet be followed for about two to six months, or perhaps for about a year if someone has a lot of weight to lose and is responding well," Dr. Axe says. "In some cases, if a patient with a health condition (such as diabetes or epilepsy for example) is working with a doctor, they might follow the diet for longer, such as one to two years." He adds that most people will see results like weight loss, improved mood, and better mental clarity in six months or less. After that, people may choose to carb-cycle moving forward—"meaning they increase carb intake about 1-2 days per week to restore their glycogen stores," he explains.
Ready to try it? Check out one of Emmerich's go-to keto recipes, below.
Basil deviled egg recipe
12 large eggs
1/2 cup basil mayonnaise (see below)
1 tsp coconut vinegar or apple cider vinegar
1/2 tsp fine sea salt
6 cups mixed greens, for serving
12 cherry tomatoes, halved, for garnish
Fresh basil leaves, for garnish
3/4 cup easy basil hollandaise (see below)
Basil mayonnaise
1 cup coarsely chopped fresh basil leaves
1 clove garlic, crushed to a paste
Easy basil hollandaise
1 cup loosely packed fresh basil leaves
1 cup bacon fat, beef tallow, or leaf lard
1/4 tsp fresh ground black pepper
1. Make the basil mayonnaise: Place the basil in a food processor or blender and puree until smooth. Add the mayo, garlic, and salt and pulse until well combined. Place in a jar, cover, and store in the fridge for up to one week.
2. Hard-boil the eggs: Place the eggs in a large saucepan and cover with cold water. Bring the water to a boil, then immediately cover the pan and remove it from the heat. Allow the eggs to cook in the hot water for 11 minutes.
3. After 11 minutes, drain the hot water and rinse the eggs with very cold water for a minute or two to stop the cooking process. Peel the boiled eggs and cut them in half lengthwise. Remove the yolks and place them in a bowl (or a food processor). Mash or blend the egg yolks with a fork (or a food processor) until they are the texture of very fine crumbles.
4. Add the basil mayonnaise, vinegar, and salt to the egg yolks and stir to evenly combine. Fill the egg white halves with the yolk mixture.
5. Divide the mixed greens among 12 plates and place 2 deviled eggs on each plate. Garnish with cherry tomato halves and basil leaves and drizzle each deviled egg with 1½ teaspoons of basil hollandaise, if desired.
6. Keep leftover deviled eggs in an airtight container in the fridge for up to 3 days.
Basil hollandaise
1. heat the fat in a small saucepan over high heat (or in the microwave) until very hot and melted. Set aside.
2. Combine the basil, egg yolks, and lemon juice in a blender and puree until very smooth. With the blender running on low speed, drizzle in the hot melted fat until a thick, creamy mixture forms. Add the salt and pepper and pulse to combine; adjust the seasoning to taste.
3. Use immediately or keep warm for up to 1 hour in a heat-safe bowl set over warm water. Store in a covered jar in the fridge for up to 5 days. Reheat the sauce in a double boiler or a heat-safe bowl set over a pot of simmering water, whisking often, until the sauce is warm and thick.
Mental Health and Living in the Present Moment
50 Of The Cutest Baby Animals Of All Time
Richard Branson Shares His Best Business Advice In 4 Letters
Context-Free Living … Living without boundaries!
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Q: declare an array within a method call in c Is there a way to declare an array within a method call in C?
I currently have:
void printConcatLine(char chunks[][20]) {
  for(int x = 0; x < sizeof(chunks); ++x) {
    if(x < (sizeof(chunks) - 1)) {
      Serial.print(chunks[x]);
    } else {
      Serial.println(chunks[x]);
    }
  }
}

 char chunks[][20] = {
    "{",
    "255"
    "}"
  };

  printConcatLine(chunks);

Is there a way to declare the array within the method call instead of declaring it in a variable beforehand?
Something similar to:
printConcatLine(["{", "255", "}"]);

A: It can be done using compound literals:
printConcatLine((char [][20]){ "{", "255", "}" });

That passes an array of strings to the function.

Note that compound literals are a C-only thing, it will not work in C++. And if working on an Arduino the language used is C++.
If you're programming in C++ it's simply not possible without modifying the function you call, to either accept a standard C++ container, or possibly an Arduino-specific container.

A: void printConcatLine(char chunks[][20]) {
  for(int x = 0; x < sizeof(chunks); ++x) {
    if(x < (sizeof(chunks) - 1)) {
      Serial.print(chunks[x]);
    } else {
      Serial.println(chunks[x]);
    }
  }
}

 char chunks[][20] = {
    "{",
    "255"
    "}"
  };

  printConcatLine((char*[]){ "{", "255", "}" });
````````````````````````


text:
In Memory of Bob Saget
Leila Barton
Danny Tanner was a beloved comedian and a dad figure to many. He filled people's childhood with love and laughter for 35 years. Everyone had a soft spot for this "TV dad" and now the whole world is flashed with sorrow after hearing the tragic news. Bob Saget was found dead in his hotel room at The Ritz Carlton Hotel on January 9. 2022. He was found on the floor of his hotel room by hotel security at 4 PM.
His Death
Saget's cause of death is still unknown, but news has been released that his family has had a history of heart attacks, which include his father and uncles. Officials have also stated that his death was not drug-related, but further information on the cause of his death will be out in a couple of months. Many have said that when Bob was found he had his hand on his chest, which supports theories of him having a heart attack.
Bob's Legacy
Saget has left a mark on many lives who grew up watching Fuller House and know him as a comedian. Melissa Joan feels that losing a TV parent is like losing a family member. Many of Bob's co-workers from the famous 1980's television show, showed how they felt through social media. John Stamos also known as "Uncle Jesse" on the show, tweeted "I am broken. I am gutted. I am in complete and utter shock. I will never ever have another friend like him. I love you so much, Bobby." Candace Cameron who was DJ Tanner on Full house shared pictures in memory of Bob. Many other celebrities showed their love to Bob, but this death also affected many others worldwide. Your parents, teachers, older siblings and even yourself might have had a connection to Bob. Parents of 7th graders Cassidy Snowden, Jade Shields, and Brooke Blakeley express their condolences. Cassidy Snowden's dad, Mike, talked about how Bob made him laugh watching the show and was very sad when he heard the news. Jade Shields' parent, Lindsey expressed how she used to watch Fuller House as well. Brooke Blakeley's mom said that she learned lots of valuable lessons from Bob and it's sad that he died only at 65 years old. Bob Saget was a loved actor, comedian, and father figure to many. May he rest in peace.
Danny Tanner


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Agile Automation refers to the application of select Agile software development principles, patterns and practices, to the area of industrial automation and process control software development. The term was coined by HAL Software (Ireland) in 2013.

Traditionally, industrial automation software has been developed using languages that do not fully implement object-oriented programming. Software development lifecycle is in line with the Waterfall model. For example, the GxP (Good Automated manufacturing practice) V model that is pervasive throughout the pharmaceutical regulated industries. There was a growing belief however that the model was too rigid, did not allow for sufficient change throughout the software development lifecycle and did not target testing according to risk. The latest version of the GxP model went some way towards testing based on risk assessment.

The latest GxP model advocates testing and documenting according to perceived risk to the end user. (The patient, in the case of the Pharmaceutical industry).

In fact the GAMP5 guide in 2008 explicitly mentioned Agile programming;
"The approach described in this document is designed to be compatible with a wide range of other models, methods, and schemes, including: Software development methods such as RAD, Agile, RUP, or Extreme programming." (GAMP5)

There is debate however over whether Agile methods can truly satisfy regulatory requirements, as outlined in the article on Alternative Software development models and methods in GxP Environments, by ISAP GMAP D_A_C_H SIG ASDMM. (Pharmaceutical Engineering Jan2012 Vol32 No.1). The Industry has some experience of poorly executed manufacturing execution system Agile software projects and these experiences have tended to reinforce the traditional notion that Waterfall software development lifecycle is the simplest way to enforce Engineering Rigour and budgetary/schedule constraints on a software development team.

Agile Automation software development has the potential to reduce the development lifecycle and at the same time, encompass automated unit testing. Something that the industry is calling for. In addition, the "don't repeat yourself" aspects of Agile object oriented software development encompassing extension of software classes through interfaces (Software class is open for extension but closed for modification) are very attractive in a regulated industry where software change validation is particularly expensive. Agile software development promotes true object oriented software programming which in turn results in software that is more amenable to change and less likely to break.

The two most widely used strategy design patterns in Pharmaceutical and other Batch Industrial Automation higher level systems (SCADA, Batch and MES ) are ISA S88 & ISA S95. These patterns can be implemented such that the action behaviours (e.g., read/write method or Valve command on/off method) are encapsulated as interfaces using languages such C#, or Java. Commercial Control System software development is biased towards inheritance and subtyping, and the other OOP tenets (Encapsulation, Polymorphism) are not exposed to the programmer to the same extent. This incomplete OOP implementation increases the amount of design effort required. Even Commercial Proprietary DCS systems such as Emerson DeltaV are biased towards subtyping and inheritance without an easy way to implement a behaviour through an interface or similar construct. (There is no way to implement multiple inheritance.)

The IEC 61131-3 programming language is the most widely used language for programming  PLC & DCS systems. It is not a truly object oriented language, implementing only 1 tenet of OOP (inheritance/subtyping) and not encapsulation or polymorphism. This limits its amenability to automated unit testing and encapsulating of behaviours for class extension.

Generally there is less scope for encapsulating behaviours in most industrial controllers except for platforms that run a more advanced operating system (for example the Beckhoff Twincat platform) that can be programmed via high level IDEs such as visual studio.

There is a replacement standard (IEC 61499) that is more object oriented, but industry uptake is small. There are moves towards IEC61131-3 consolidation, notably through the PLCOpen standard. This approach to developing an abstract XML class can result in a library of tested class modules/types that can subsequently be instantiated and imported to target platform.

Interest is growing in model driven architecture (MDA) Agile programming whereby a platform independent model is first developed. As a result of regulatory filing requirements and the need to protect against litigation, the Pharmaceutical industry records and saves data that must be reconstituted for subsequent filing submittal or Batch release (Electronic batch records). A model developed in the pilot lab and used as the guideline for manufacturing scale up, can aid filing submittal.

References

Agile software development


Adventure travelers are a special kind of traveler. They love to explore, be active, discover new places, and take risks. As one, I know the type of gifts that will inspire them to get up and go. Let's go through twelve of the ultimate gifts for an explorer.
Sourced Adventures offers a plethora of trips for every season, all at a low cost. Their tours allow any adventurer the opportunity to escape the city for the day, weekend, or week. We did their white water rafting day trip from NYC and loved it. To read that experience, click here.
They have day tours and trips from five major US cities, and international experiences in Europe and Latin America. One of the great things about Sourced Adventures is that they give 1% of total sales to nonprofits that support and preserve the environment. To check out their epic trips and tours click here.
This is the best water bottle I've ever used. I've taken it with me around the world. What makes Hydro Flask great is their innovation. They use TempShield™, a double wall, vacuum insulated technology that guards the temperature of your drink. If you bring ice water with you in the morning, I can promise you'll still have ice in the afternoon. Same goes the other way around. Hectic morning getting in the way of your coffee sipping? No problem. They'll keep it hot until you're ready. Another thing I love is that their is never condensation or heat transfer to the outside of the bottle, ever. To get one, click here.
One Eleven watches are not only stylish, they're also sustainable. The heart of every One Eleven solar watch starts with a high quality, solar powered movement that continually charges in both natural and artificial light. This eliminates the need to replace your battery, reducing the toxic waste that goes back into our planet. In addition, the watches are waterproof, allowing explorers to be free to jump right in the water. To check out their watch line, click here. To get 15% off, use discount code I5LW0777CD38.
The award-winning BioLite CampStove's is ideal for an off-the-grid lifestyle. Burning only wood, the CampStove fan creates a smokeless fire that can cook meals and boil water in minutes while turning its heat into usable electricity. Complete with a USB port for cell phone charging, you can cook up wood-fired meals and charge devices using only the sticks around you. To get one, click here.
I personally use Sudio Sweden headphones while adventure traveling. They are great because they are bluetooth, which allows me more freedom to move around since the headphones do not need to be connected to my phone.
Also, Sudio Sweden's sound signature is delivered by a carefully tuned driver and amplifier. The combination of driver and amplifier is able to separate the sound of every instrument in every song, thereby giving the listener a true studio experience. To get 15% off use code SARAHFUNKY. To pick up a pair of headphones, click here.
Intrepid Travel offers some of the most unique travel experiences around the world. What i love about them is their off-the-beaten path tours that are guided by locals. This makes the traveling experience more authentic and enjoyable. All of their trips are sustainable because they are committed to making a real difference by investing in local communities, human rights initiatives, wildlife conservation projects and the environment. To check out their amazing experiences around the world, click here.
Every true adventurer needs a good quality backpack. This can be found in the Osprey Porter 46 Gear Hauler Duffel. In many ways, this backpack is the best of all worlds—you can carry the lightweight, streamlined Osprey Porter 30 on to the airplane, and then convert it into an adventure-ready, technical backpack at your destination.
It has easy to access compartments for laptops, toiletries, and more while providing security with lockable zippers and complete coverage of all pockets. It is also made for longterm wear with a comfortable hip belt and stowaway shoulder harness. To get one, click here.
Speaking of bags and packing, a great gift for an explorer is the Eagle Creek Pack-It Starter Kit. This organizes clothing, toiletries, and other essentials in an easy to find way. To get one, click here.
VSSL offers the world's most functional flashlight. This water resistant flashlight holds your survival gear and all the outdoor gear you need for short-term excursions. Check out their video above for all of the amazing features it has, including a compass, a Canadian beeswax candle, a Razor blade, 6 Aquatabs® water purification tablets, and much more. Click here to get one and save 15% using my custom link.
If you've ever been treking or camping, then you know how difficult it is to dry a towel (or really anything!). The Eagle Creek Travellite Towel-Extra Large is quick dry, ultra light, and absorbs up to 4 times it's weight in liquid. To get one, click here.
Surfing and snowboarding is a lot of fun, however, carrying a board is cumbersome. Enter the Board Backpack from Koraloc. It can hold up to three boards, and has plenty of room for other gear inside. To get one, click here.
Just when you thought the impossible wasn't possible, a fold up kayak hits the market. This amazing 12-foot kayak is only 28 pounds and is very stable even in 2 to 3 foot waves. It can be assembled in a few minutes. The set-up boasts an adjustable seat, stainless steel ratchet buckles, and durable double-layer plastic meant to be folded thousands of times without weakening. To get one, click here.
The holiday's have arrived and with it the festive decor, glittering lights, and memorable music that we've all grown to adore. This is my guide to gifting for moms, whether it's your mom, mother-in-law, or a mom like figure in your life.
With the holiday's coming up, there are tons of opportunities to get the perfect travel inspired gift for that special someone who has a strong case of wanderlust. This is my top ten guide for holiday gifts for travel lovers.
Cyber Monday is one of the best times to book that trip that you've been dreaming about, pick up new travel gear, or simply get prepared for your next vacation. Below are my top picks for the best Cyber Monday travel deals available today.
As a seasoned traveler, I'm always looking out for great deals to guarantee that I can travel smarter, better, and cheaper. Here are a few of my favorite Black Friday finds for this season.
Valentine's Day is less than a week away! If you're like me and haven't gotten a gift for your loved one here are a few ideas. Whether you're looking for a perfect Galentine's or Valentine's gift - these are a great place to start.


Atlantic City – Speaking at a Town Hall meeting held by Stockton University at Atlantic City today, Senate President Steve Sweeney emphasized the need to confront the state's mounting fiscal problems so that we can make critical investments in education, transportation, higher education and social services, among other priorities.
Hosted by Stockton alumna Brigid Callahan Harrison, professor at Montclair State University, and John Froonjian from Stockton's William J. Hughes Center for Public Policy, the forum included a discussion about the fiscal reforms in the "Path to Progress" report.
Senator Sweeney said the recommendations of the bipartisan Economic and Fiscal Policy Workgroup of economists, tax policy experts and academics provide a workable blueprint for the reforms needed to control the costs of government before they continue to grow out of control. The reforms were incorporated into the report.
The proposals address soaring pension and benefit costs, hold down property taxes, make government and school districts more efficient, assess the efficiency of our tax structure and leverage state assets.
Senator Sweeney has also called for the merger of the high-cost School Employees Health Benefits Plan into the lower-cost State Health Benefits Plan to take advantage of the cost savings negotiated by the Governor and the state's largest public workers union. Combining the two healthcare plans will be a cornerstone of a legislative package that will be introduced to implement recommendations of the bipartisan Economic and Fiscal Policy Workgroup.
Senator Sweeney repeated his pledge that the Path to Progress legislative package will not include legislation requiring retirees to pay more for their healthcare coverage.
Brigid Callahan Harrison, one of the hosts of the forum, welcomed the session.


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ORATORICAL CONTEST
022 POST 223 ORATORICAL CONTEST
Local High School Students,
The American Legion Sykesville Memorial Post 223 will hold its annual Oratorical Contest on Saturday, January 22, 2022 at the Post Home at 1:00 p.m. High school students under the age of 20 from Century High School, Liberty High School, private, parochial, military schools, and home-schooled students are eligible to participate. The American Legion Oratorical Contest has been sponsored since 1938 by The American Legion and is designed to instill in high school students a greater knowledge and sense of appreciation for the United States Constitution. Other objectives include the development of leadership, the ability to think and speak clearly, and preparation for acceptance of the duties, responsibilities, and privileges of American Citizenship. Locally, this is the 31st year that Post 223 will be conducting this contest. Participants give an eight to ten-minute prepared speech on some aspect of the Constitution. Additionally, each contestant will give a three to five-minute discourse on one of four assigned Amendments to the Constitution.
PREPARED ORATION
Each contestant shall deliver a prepared oration, which must be an original effort. The oration must address some aspect of the Constitution of the United States, which emphasizes the attendant duties and obligations of a citizen to our government. Possible subjects include:
 An American Citizens Rights and Responsibilities Under The Constitution
 Our Constitution - Worth Having, Worth Defending
 The Constitution in a Changing World
 The Constitution in Our Everyday Life
 The Bill of Rights - Reciprocal Rights and Duties
 The Constitution - Guardian of the People's Rights
ASSIGNED TOPIC DISCOURSE
In addition to a Prepared Oration, contestants must be prepared to speak on a specific article or amendment to the Constitution. The National office chooses four each year and contestants will prepare a speech for all four. However, only one is chosen at random, during a contest and all contestants will speak on the same article or amendment. Contestants are sequestered during the contest so they do not know which choice was drawn until it is their turn to speak. See below for the list of selected assigned topics for the year.
Assigned Topics for 2022
Amendment III : No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Amendment VIII : Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Amendment XIV, Section 3 : No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.
Amendment XXV, Section 4 : Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.
Post 223 will award cash prizes of $300, $200, and $150 to the contestants who finish in first through third places respectively. The Post 223 winner will be invited to compete at the county, district, and state levels. The state winner or the March 6, 2022 contest will continue on to the national contest in Indianapolis, April 22 - 24, 2022 to compete for scholarships of $25,000, $22,500, and $20,000. Each department (state) winner who is certified into and participates in the national contest's first round receives a $2,000 scholarship. Those who advance past the first round receive an additional $2,000 scholarship. The American Legion's National Organization awards the scholarships, which can be used at any college or university in the United States. National winners also win a trip to the National Convention in August.
Please return submissions to Post 223 no later than January 15, 2022.
For more information and application forms see your school counselor, please call the Post 223 Oratorical Contest Chairman Zane Walker at (410) 404-5662, or email AmericanLegionPost223@gmail.com.
National Website: www.legion.org/oratorical
State Website: www.mdlegion-oratorical.org
Congrats to Post 223 2019 Winner:
Joe Rekus
Century High School Class of 2019
Point of Contact: Post 223 Oratorical Chairman, Zane Walker
National and State Contest Info
https://www.mdlegion-oratorical.org/
The purpose of The American Legion's National High School Oratorical Contest is to develop a deeper knowledge and appreciation of the Constitution of the United States on the part of high school students. Other objectives of the contest include the development of leadership qualities, the ability to think and speak clearly and intelligently, and the preparation for acceptance of the duties and responsibilities, the rights and privileges of American citizenship.
http://www.mdlegion.org/oratorical.htm
https://www.legion.org/oratorical
Since 1988, Sykesville Memorial Post No. 223 has been an active participant in The American Legion's National High School Oratorical Contest which exists to develop deeper knowledge and appreciation for the U.S. Constitution among high school students. The program presents participants with an academic speaking challenge that teaches important leadership qualities, the history of our nation's laws, the ability to think and speak clearly, and an understanding of the duties, responsibilities, rights and privileges of American citizenship.
High school students under age 20 from Century and Liberty High Schools, as well as home-schooled students, are eligible to participate in the contest held here at Sykesville Memorial Post No. 223. For students attending other schools, please contact The American Legion Post in your area or call The American Legion Department of Maryland Headquarters.
Speaking subjects must be on some aspect of the U.S. Constitution, with some emphasis on the duties and obligations of citizens to our government. Speeches are eight to 10 minutes long; three- to five-minute speeches on an assigned topic also are part of the contest.
To date, Sykesville Memorial Post No. 223 has awarded in excess of $4700 to the winners of their contests, three of whom have continued on to win at the County and District levels. Of those, two have finished third at the state level and one finished second at the state level to the student who would eventually win the National American Legion Oratorical Contest.
For more information, contact your school's guidance counselor or call Sykesville Memorial Post No. 223 at (410)-795-7242.


text:
German Patent Attorney
European Trade Mark and Design Attorney
Diplom-Ingenieur
Email to Nils T. F. Schmid
F +33 (1) 5603 6594
Your message to Nils T. F. Schmid
Nils T.F. Schmid specializes in traditional mechanical engineering, his particular interest being in the areas of motor vehicles, tool engineering, process engineering, textile technologies, and medical technology. For his clients, especially medium-sized companies in Germany/Europe and Asian and American big corporations, he develops both German and global patent strategies and sees to their implementation with regard to the building up and management of patent and design patent portfolios.
Other key areas of his work include infringement and nullity disputes regarding patents, utility models, and designs, and the establishment and counseling of in house IP departments, including advising on employee inventor law.
Nils T. F. Schmid studied mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Karlsruhe and at the California Institute of Technology (CALTECH) with an emphasis on materials science and technical mechanics. He qualified as an engineer in 1997. At the same time, he acquired a Diplôme d'Études Approfondies (DEA) at the École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM) in Paris in the area of development and manufacturing of motor vehicle bodies. In 1997, Nils T. F. Schmid started his studies to become patent attorney. Since 2001, Nils T. F. Schmid is working for BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT as a German patent attorney and European patent and trade mark attorney. Further, he is the location representative at the Paris office of BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT.
Nils T. F. Schmid lectures at the Université de Strasbourg (CEIPI seminars), preparing candidates for the admission examination to qualify as a European patent attorney (EQE) (European Qualifying Examination). In addition, he regularly holds further education seminars for the European Patent Academy of the EPO to prepare examiners for the EQE.
He is a member of UNION-IP (European Practitioners in Intellectual Property) and served as Vice-President of the UNION-IP Board from 2007 to 2013. Nils T. F. Schmid led UNION-IP as President from 2013 to 2015, and was Past-President from 2015 to 2017. Nils T.F. Schmid was appointed honorary president by UNION-IP delegates in October 2017. He is also President of the Statutes Commission.
Nils T. F. Schmid is a member of the Senate and the Innovations Committee of the BWA (Bundesverband für Wirtschaftsförderung und Außenwirtschaft, Federal Association for Economic Development and Foreign Trade), which advises the German Government on questions of research, innovation and public investment.
Further information Nils T. F. Schmid
"Protection of Innovations" – article by N.T.F. Schmid in "Innovation", a special publication by the BWA.
University Lectureships
Université Robert Schuhman, Strasbourg
Preparation seminar for candidates for the European Patent Attorney Qualifying Exams (CEIPI-seminar)
Digitalisation & Patents
GOING GLOBAL: GETTING THE RIGHT PATENT PORTFOLIO
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The Code of Virginia requires localities to reassess the value of real estate property. Beginning in the fall of last year, Pearson's Appraisal Services Inc. began reappraising property values throughout the locality on behalf of Wythe County and their results have now been completed.
Reassessment notices have been mailed to Wythe County landowners, informing them of any changes made to their assessed property values.
Additionally, the county has also made these figures available online to the public free of charge.
Wythe County's emergency management team is encouraging local residents to be mindful of two separate potential dangers over the next few days.
Wythe County officials are maintaining close communications with both the National Weather Service and the Virginia Department of Forestry in order to keep county residents informed of any new developments.
WYTHE COUNTY, Va. – The deadline to pay Wythe County's personal property and real estate taxes is Monday, December 5, 2016.
Lori Guynn, Treasurer of Wythe County, stated that her office will be doing a number of things to make paying one's local taxes easier than ever.
For starters, the treasurer's office (located inside the Wythe County Court House building) will operate on extended hours in the days leading up to December 5.
Though the treasurer's office's normal hours are from 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., Guynn said that her office will be open until 6 p.m. on the following dates: November 30, December 1, 2 and 5.
Additionally, the county treasurer's office will be open from 8:30 a.m. to noon on Saturday, December 3, 2016.
WYTHE COUNTY, Va. – Several Wythe County residents have noticed hazy skies throughout the locality this week and have questioned if there were any wildfires burning in the county.
Though local fire crews have been called out to contain several brush fires over the past few weeks, the smoky skies are actually the result of out of control forest fires burning more than 100 miles to the west of us along the Kentucky-Tennessee border.
Out of control wildfires began over a week ago in Eastern Kentucky and have since rapidly moved eastward – eventually spreading into Virginia's Wise County.
In addition to forest fires blazing to the west of Wythe County, this morning, local media began reporting additional wildfires at Roanoke County's McAfee Knob.
WYTHE COUNTY, Va. – The Wythe County Administrator's Office is seeking applicants for several positions, both part-time and full-time.
This individual will work up to 28 hours per week at the Wythe County Animal Shelter. The successful candidate must be in good physical condition and have experience working with animals. Candidate must have experience in dealing with the public, computer skills including Microsoft Word, Excel and photography.
WYTHE COUNTY, Va. – On November 8, 2016, our nation will select a President for the 58th time in its history. Along with more than 120 million other Americans across the land, the residents of Wythe County will have an opportunity to participate in this exciting and critical process.
With that being said, it is important for voters in Wythe County to be aware of the many voting laws in place, designed to safeguard the election, as well as to be aware of the other items that will appear on the ballot.
County residents will be faced with four separate decisions on their election ballots this year: choices for President & Vice President, US House of Representatives, and two proposed amendments to the Virginia Constitution.
WYTHE COUNTY, Va. – The Code of Virginia requires localities to reassess the value of real estate property. Beginning in the fall of last year, Pearson's Appraisal Services Inc. began reappraising property values throughout the locality on behalf of Wythe County and their results have now been completed.
Reassessment notices will be mailed to Wythe County landowners in mid-November, informing them of any changes made to their assessed property values.


text:
Mission Statement History Staff BOARD MEETING DATES Board of Directors BOARD ELECTION INFO FACEBOOK ANNUAL REPORT CONTACT US
Social Services Early Childhood HOUSING ENERGY OUTREACH RECYCLING
VOLUNTEER APP DONATE EMPLOYMENT
In The News Facebook
Community Resources Contact Us STAFF ACCESS
HOME About Us Mission Statement History Staff BOARD MEETING DATES Board of Directors BOARD ELECTION INFO FACEBOOK ANNUAL REPORT CONTACT US Services Social Services Early Childhood HOUSING ENERGY OUTREACH RECYCLING Get Involved VOLUNTEER APP DONATE EMPLOYMENT
In The News In The News Facebook Resources Community Resources Contact Us STAFF ACCESS CONTACT US
An open meeting shall be held for the purpose of electing low-income representatives to the Lancaster-Fairfield Community Action Agency Board of Directors. The chairperson of the board of directors shall witness the election proceedings. Nominations shall come from the floor. To be eligible to vote, a person must be low-income, as defined by the federal government, and sign a statement to that effect. The votes must be cast by means of a written ballot if there are two or more nominees. Each voter must sign his/her name to a registration sheet before depositing a written ballot into the ballot box in order to prevent duplicate voting.
The term of office for members representing the low-income sector shall be three years. A member representing the low-income sector shall be eligible for re-election, provided that the following board service limits are not exceeded. No member representing the low-income or private sectors may serve more than six consecutive years or a total of twelve years. After serving for six consecutive years, a member representing either of these two sectors may not serve on the board in any capacity for at least one year.
(740) 653-4146 • 1743 East Main Street • Lancaster, Ohio 43130


structures is a Python package that allows you to declaratively describe binary data structures (like a network protocol or a file format), and to use that declaration to process binary data: to build bytes from python objects, to parse bytes to python objects and to calculate size of the described structure.
More sophisticated, real-world examples live in examples directory.
You can find usage examples in constructs docstrings.
All docstrings, examples, and even this readme are tested using doctest.
This project uses Pull Requests for all kinds of contributions.
You have a question? Make a pull request with an example of structure that confuses you. This way we will improve the docs and examples so another person won't be confused. And they won't need to dig through issues to see if their question has already been answered.
You have a feature request? Make a pull request briefly describing your feature. This can be a class with a (failing) example in its docstring. Even if it's not valid python code - your example will help to understand the intention. Having an initial implementation of your feature will greatly reduce the time needed to make your feature appear in the next release.
A detailed guide on how to contribute can be found in CONTRIBUTING.rst.
Copyright 2018 Dmitry Malinovsky (aka malinoff) and contributors.


Welcome to The Landerholmstead! We are grateful for your interest and support.
The Landerholmstead is a Washington State nonprofit corporation, hoping to attain 501(c)(3) designation from the IRS in 2019. Read more about us here.
Currently, we are recruiting mid-level management. Apply Here.
We are also working hard in the garden and kitchen: growing and cooking nutrient-dense foods to feed our community. We love food or financial donations that help us feed the homeless and further our mission. Please see our Volunteer page if you would like to make a donation or volunteer your time!
Visit our Blog to see recent posts.
Thank you for visiting. We look forward to working together toward a sustainable and equitable future!


Our brewpub, pizza kitchen and brewery is located in the East End of Richmond at 5203 Hatcher Street, Richmond, VA 23231. Dogs are allowed on our outside patio, but must be on leashes at all times. No outside food is permitted except celebratory desserts. We offer Neapolitan-style thin crust pizza, salads, charcuterie boards, cheese straws, pub mix and ice cream sandwiches.
Our tasting room and brewery is located in Downtown Richmond at 113 S. Foushee St, Richmond, VA 23220. Dogs are allowed on our outside deck but must be on leashes at all times. We offer a limited pizza menu, chips and salsa, cheese straws and ice cream sandwhiches. Outside food is permitted.


text:
» Leadership
» Steve Nations
President – Fluids Management Division
Mr. Nations provides operational leadership and oversees the Fluids Management Division for Pinnergy. Mr. Nations has over 40 years of experience in the energy industry. Mr. Nations began his career in 1978 with Well Tech, an oilfield service company. In 1989, Randy Taylor hired Mr. Nations where he eventually held senior level management positions in both the Operations and Sales departments of Taylor Service Company from 1993 through the sale of the company to Dawson Production Services in 1996. He worked for Key Energy Services after they acquired Dawson, where he received extensive senior level management training and eventually managed their Workover Rig Operations in Marshall, Texas. In March 2004, Mr. Nations joined Pinnergy to start-up and manage the Taylor Service Division, later renamed the Fluids Management Division.
« Back to Leadership List


LD Products' Long Beach Headquarters Awarded LEED Platinum Certification by US Green Building Council - Press Release.
LONG BEACH, Calif., July 27, 2012 — In a moment almost two years in the making, LD Products has announced that its new Long Beach headquarters has achieved the highest possible ranking of energy conservation and environmentally friendly building. On June 21, 2012 the US Green Building Council (USGBC) officially recognized the building, which houses the online ink retailer's corporate offices and warehouse, as the first new construction commercial building to be awarded LEED Platinum status according to the council's more stringent 2009 v. 3 regulations.
The construction project in Long Beach's Douglas Park business community underwent a detailed and precise planning process. That process, which was helmed by founder and CEO Aaron Leon, developer Chuckie Lyons, and project manager Alex Silber, ensured that the site achieved the highest levels of energy conservation, sustainability, comfort, and aesthetic appeal. LD Products, which is already known for providing remanufactured ink and laser toner as an alternative to new plastic products, has taken its environmental efforts to a new level with this new site. Company Senior Vice President Patrick Devane noted, "Customers buy from us the first time mostly for the great savings. When they find out that they are doing something good for the environment, it's an added bonus, and I think it makes them feel good about coming back."
LEED is an acronym for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and it is used as a measuring system for the sustainability, impact, efficiency, and indoor environmental quality of new constructions and major renovations. The USGBC systems awards points to buildings in 5 categories adding up to 100, with 10 extra points available for regional priority and innovation in design. A minimum of 40 points will earn a building certified status, while 50 to 59 points is the range for Silver status. 60 points is the minimum to be certified Gold, and the highest certification that a building can reach, LEED Platinum, requires a minimum of 80 points. To earn those points, LD Products' building includes features like waterless urinals, sound and motion activated lighting, walk-off grates to reduce dust carried into the building, preferred parking for low-emission vehicles, and an advanced air filtration system throughout the structure. "The LD Products facility arguably provides the highest level of energy performance and occupants comfort out of the nearly 100 green building projects that we have worked on to date here at Gaia," Silber said. "We achieved every one of the 82 total points that were pursued from the beginning for this LEED project."
The space of the 110,000-square foot facility is dominated by the warehouse, which ships out thousands of packages each day. Compatible products made to replace printer brands as well as remanufactured products, which are cleaned, repaired, and refilled cartridges, are packaged and moved through the LD Products warehouse to be shipped to customers. The energy used to power the warehouse automation and conveyor system, lights, and air-conditioning system as well as the energy used in the corporate offices, which now stay open 14 hours per day, is provided completely from renewable energy sources. The grid-connected photovoltaic system on the warehouse rooftop accounts for 18% of that energy.
While the construction of such an environmentally responsible building did come with financial costs, it also comes with benefits to the online retailer. Since moving to the new facility just over 2 miles from its previous home, LD Products' new headquarters has already saved the company money on energy costs and is projected to use 47% less electricity and 42% less potable water than a similarly sized facility.
Beginning over a decade ago with high-quality, low-cost laser toner cartridges and remanufactured ink cartridges and continuing with today's construction of a groundbreaking energy-efficient facility, the Long Beach-based printing supply retailer has found success by combining responsibility in the community with good business.
For more information, visit http://www.LDProducts.com.