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Category: Politician
Orville Leon and Betty Joy (Zweifel) Pruter – 2016 Inductees
(On this date, November 23, 2016, the Osborne County Hall of Fame is pleased to present to the world for the first time anywhere the fifth and last members of the OCHF Class of 2016.)
Our final two Osborne County Hall of Fame inductees join an exclusive club. This humble husband and wife team has the rare honor of being the 27th and 28th people to be voted into the Hall while still living. Their story reflects the often surprising amount of personal impact that each one of us has in so many ways on so many others in the course of our lives, be it through school, church, government, or community affairs; i.e., in every aspect of living in today's world. They have been—and are—community leaders in every true sense of the phrase.
Orville Pruter, senior year photograph, Natoma High School Class of 1953.
Our husband and father, Orville Leon Pruter, was born November 17, 1935 at Natoma, Osborne County, Kansas. He was the eldest son of Alvin and Yvonne (Goad) Pruter, who had two more sons, Ivan and Keith. Orville grew up on the family farm located three miles north of Natoma. He attended all of his schooling in Natoma, except his junior year of high school when he attended Miltonvale High School and Miltonvale Wesleyan College in Miltonvale, Kansas. He came back to Natoma for his senior year and graduated with the class of 1953. After graduating Orville went to work helping area farmers and working in the oil fields surrounding Natoma for several operators, including Oscar Rush, the Brown Brothers, and Bowman's Well Service.
Betty Zweifel, senior year photograph, Waldo High School Class of 1955.
Betty when a junior on the Waldo High School Girls Basketball Team.
Our wife and mother, Betty Joy Zweifel, was born on June 26th on the family farm of Robert and Bernice (Clow) Zweifel during the hot summer of 1936, four miles south of Waldo in Russell County, Kansas. She was the eldest child of the four siblings—Betty, Barbara, Peggy, and Robert Jr. Betty attended Paradise Dell rural school her first four years. When the rural school closed Betty was enrolled in 5th grade at Waldo Elementary School and completed the rest of her early education in the Waldo school system. Betty lettered all of her grade school years and all four years of high school in basketball. She was very active in all of the school activities, be it music, drama, sports, basketball, volleyball, softball and track. Betty graduated as salutatorian of the class of 1954.
Betty was also very involved in 4-H. She was a member of the clothing judging team which placed first in the state in 1950 and was 3rd in the state in clothing judging.
State Clothing Judging Champion
"First place in the State 4-H Clothing Judging Contest held during the Kansas State Fair was won by the above Russell county team. They are Louise Robinson, Prospectors 4-H Club; Carl Lindquist, Smoky Valley 4-H Club; and Betty Zweifel, Paradise Dell 4-H Club.
This team had a combined total of 1,020 points out of a possible 1,200. They judged six classes pertaining to clothing design and construction principals and gave reasons for their placing on two of those classes. Individual scores for the girls were given with Betty Zweifel ranking third high in the state, Carol Lindquist was fourth and Louise Robinson ranked 20th. The girls were the three highest individuals in the Russell County judging contest, making them eligible to enter the state contest."—Natoma Independent, October 19, 1950.
Betty's cherry pie won first in the state baking contest in Manhattan in 1953. She was named a member of the state's Who's Who in 4-H Clubs. Betty was the only member of the Paradise Dell 4-H Club to complete her 4-H work whose parents were both charter members of the club.
After high school Betty enrolled in the nursing program at Fort Hays State College the fall of 1954, and at that time she was the only girl in her family to ever go to college. But her plans changed when she met Orville Pruter in the fall of 1954. They were married on June 5, 1955, in the Amherst Evangelical United Brethren Church south of Waldo and made their home on a farm three miles north of Natoma. Orville went to work in the oil fields and also helped his Dad on the farm. They milked cows and had a flock of chickens, and on Saturday nights they could sell the cream and eggs, buy their groceries, fill the car with gas, and go to the show.
Zweifel – Pruter Wedding Sunday
"In a double ring ceremony Sunday afternoon, June 5th at 2:00 o'clock, Miss Betty Zweifel, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Robert G. Zweifel, of Waldo, was united in marriage to Orville L. Pruter, son of Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Pruter of Natoma. The wedding took place in the Amherst Evangelical Church near Waldo with the Rev. L. W. Life of Russell officiating before an altar decorated with baskets of yellow and white gladioli and white candles.
Mrs. Kenneth Phillips, pianist, furnished the music and accompanied Miss Jane Trible of Palco who sang "The Lord's Prayer" and "Through the Years". Taper lighters were Sharon Zweifel and Marian Clow, cousins of the bride. The bridal gown, fashioned by the bride and her mother, was of white crystalette with full length tiered skirt and portrait neckline. A crown of orange blossoms held the chapel length silk illusion veil in place and a single strand of pearls completed the bride's ensemble She carried a white Bible and French carnations with orchid and white streamers.
Miss Marilyn Zweifel, who served her cousin as maid of honor, wore a ballerina length gown of yellow crystalette fashioned like the bride's gown and carried a bouquet of white carnations. Ivan Pruter served his brother as best man. Ushers were Everett Pruter, Jr. and Wayne Zweifel.
For her daughter's wedding Mrs. Zweifel chose a dress of navy crystalette with a white carnation corsage. The groom's mother wore a navy and white nylon dress with a white carnation corsage.
A reception was held in the church basement following the ceremony. The wedding cake was served by Mrs. Jack Fink of Paradise and Mrs. Charles Shaffer of Waldo poured punch.
The bride, a graduate of Waldo High school, attended one year at Fort Hays Kansas State College. The groom graduated from Natoma Rural High school with the class of 1953 and has been engaged in farming.
After a honeymoon to the Black Hills the couple will be at home on a farm north of Natoma. For their wedding trip, Mrs. Pruter chose an ensemble of avocado green with white accessories and wore an orchid corsage."—Natoma-Luray Independent, June 9, 1955.
In January 1956 Betty & Orville were blessed with a little boy. Dale was the first of five boys that were born over the next seven years—Dale, Gale, Daryl, Douglas, and Kevin. A little girl was adopted, Susan Lajoy, but she passed away in July of 1965. In between babies Betty went back to college majoring in Education. In the fall of 1957 she started teaching at the Plante School South of Plainville on a 60-hour certificate. In that time they had also moved three times before settling into living north of Codell, Kansas on Medicine Creek on the Bother place. The next few years were spent raising the family and teaching, and going to college weekends and summer. Orville was working in the oil fields and farming. The Pruters moved again in January 1959 into Natoma. In August of 1960 they moved to Plainville, Kansas and Orville went to work for Western Power & Light as a lineman and continued to farm on weekends. Betty was still going to school and teaching. In August of 1963 she graduated from Fort Hays State College with a BS in Education.
Betty and Orville have been active in their church and community all of their married life. When the five boys were growing they were in charge of the youth ministry at The Church of the Nazarene in Plainville, Kansas. Besides youth ministry, they sang in the choir, directed the choir, taught Sunday School, were church treasurers for over 30 years, served on the church board, and played the organ for services. Orville was music director and lead the music for church services.
After working for the power company for fourteen years Orville and the family moved back to the Pruter family farm three miles north of Natoma in the fall of 1974. Their oldest son graduated from the Plainville High School that spring and the other four boys enrolled in the Natoma school system. Betty was hired to teach 5-8 Language Arts in the Paradise Middle School. Orville started driving the activity bus for the Natoma schools, which he did for the next twenty years.
Orville Pruter drove the activity bus for the Natoma school system for twenty years.
Betty Pruter was a longtime teacher in the Natoma/Paradise school system.
In the spring of 1998 Betty retired from teaching after 39 years. She had taught in two rural schools, the Plante School in Rooks County and the Blue Hill School in Ellis County, the Plainville Grade School, Kindergarten in Natoma, the Zurich (Kansas) Grade School, and then 24 years in the Natoma / Paradise school system. Betty is a lifetime member of both the Kansas National Education Association (KNEA) and the National Teachers Association. She is also a member of the Hays Reading Association and of the Gamma Chapter of Delta Kappa Gama for Osborne and Rooks Counties.
Both Betty and Orville were longtime leaders in the Eager Beaver 4-H Club and the Future Farmers of America (FFA). Orville served as the chairman of the Natoma Medical Board and as a member of the Osborne County Rural Water District #1 board. He ran for District #3 Osborne County Commissioner in 1996, but was unsuccessful.
Orville Pruter
3rd District Commissioner
"Wanting to better represent his area of the county, Orville Pruter of Natoma is seeking to represent the third district of Osborne County as a commissioner. Pruter said another reason he was seeking the position was to work on county efficiency.
Born and raised in Natoma, Pruter said he looks forward to working with the public. He also said he prided himself in getting along with others and felt that the position of commissioner would be a challenge. Pruter added he always tries to be cooperative and do what he thinks is right.
A graduate of Natoma High School, Pruter has worked in the oil fields as well as for a utility company in Plainville. Moving back to Natoma in 1974, Pruter has farmed continuously since 1955. He also operated a motor grader for the county and currently drives an activity bus for the Natoma school district, something he has done since 1975.
Pruter and his wife, Betty, are the parents of live sons. He is a member of the Plainville Church of the Nazarene and the Natoma Medical Board.
When asked what he felt was the biggest issue facing the county, Pruter replied the economy was definitely the biggest issue and said that he realized something needed to be done to help the situation.
If county valuation continues to drop, Pruter said he would look at advocating higher taxes as well as cutting budgets and programs He felt reviewing both would be necessary to determine a solution, realizing a certain amount of money is needed to maintain county efficiency.
Pruter said the current landfill situation is also another problem facing the county today.
Feeling qualified to serve as Third District County Commissioner, Pruter said that his area of the county needed more representation and he felt he was in a position to do so.
Pruter described himself as honest, caring and concerned, and that he had 'feelings for people.'"—Osborne County Farmer, October 31, 1996.
Orville Pruter ran for the District 3 Osborne County Commissioner position in 1996.
In the summer of 2000 Betty followed Orville's lead and ran for Osborne County Commissioner in District #3.
Voters head to the polls Tuesday
Write-in candidate seeks spot on general election ballot
"The only announced write-in candidate to date is Betty Pruter, who has announced her candidacy for County Commissioner, Third District. Pruter hopes to receive enough votes as a write-in to become the Republican candidate for third district commissioner.
Pruter decided to run because she feels incumbent Jack Applegate, Democrat, needs some opposition and because she would like to see someone from Natoma on the board.
'Sometimes, it feels like Natoma, because we are at the opposite corner of the county, is left out,' said Pruter. 'I know, though, that the district extends across the south and on the west to include Alton. I'd want to represent all the people in the district and will listen to all my constituents and do my best to represent everyone.'
Pruter is in favor of better roads and equal law enforcement in parts of the county. Specifically, she would like to see a deputy stationed in Natoma. The current deputy that serves that part of the county lives north of Luray.
She also feels that the health and extension departments need to be expanded. 'I know that costs money, but 'where there is a will, there's a way.'
Pruter is not In favor of cutting the budget, but does think the funds might be better allocated.
"We need to study the budget and find a different way of using our resources." she said. "I also think women have a different way of looking at things and maybe we need a women's viewpoint to find the answers to some of these problems."
Pruter is adamant about the need to pay closer attention to government mandates. She doesn't think the county can afford to ignore them or lag in coming into compliance.
"Most of the time, they are for the benefit and safety of the public," she said. "Sometimes it's good to be on the ground floor, rather than waiting."
Pruter was born and raised south of Waldo and has lived in the Natoma area most of her married life. She is a retired school teacher who still substitutes and is an active farm partner with her husband, Orville.
She is the mother of five boys and has 14 grandchildren. One son is an educator in Holcomb, Kansas, another runs the At Risk program in Syracuse, Kansas, another teaches Tae Kwan Do in Blue Springs, Missouri; one has just returned to the area to farm; and the fifth is employed by the county."—Osborne County Farmer, July 27, 2000.
Betty earned the right to be on the county ballet in November 2000 as a write-in candidate. And she won! In doing so Betty became only the second woman to ever be elected an Osborne County Commissioner. She set another record by being the first woman to ever complete a four-year term as Commissioner, and broke the glass ceiling in 2004 when she was re-elected to a second term—the only woman to achieve this in the 132 years of Osborne County history up to that time.
Betty Pruter (second from left) was one of the seven duly elected Osborne County officials to take the oath of office in January 2001.
As commissioner Betty was instrumental in getting the official 911 directional signage for roads in rural Osborne County and served on numerous regional committees and boards. She was the county delegate to the Northwest Kansas Planning and Development Commission at Hill City, Kansas, and to the Solomon Valley Resource Conservation and Development (RC&D) Council. The RC&D is a unique program led by local volunteer councils and administered by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The purpose of an RC&D is to address local concerns and to promote conservation, development, and utilization of natural resources; improve the general level of economic activity; and enhance the environment and standard of living in all communities in the council's designated region. Betty was a founding member of the Solomon Valley RC&D Council in 2002 and worked tirelessly to help the organization receive authorization with the Natural Recourses Conservation Services (NRCS).
Betty attended the Leadership Academy in Washington, D.C. in February, 2003. She served on the Solomon Valley RC&D Council as Vice-President and was a voting Council member representing the Osborne County Advisory Committee. Her leadership was proven valuable on several RC&D projects, including the Regional Geographic information System (GIS) meeting, Natoma Grade School Playground Renovation, Osborne County Courthouse Celebration, Farm With the Family Workshop and Osborne County Career Fairs. Both Betty and Orville represented the RC&D at many local, regional, and state events. Betty was inducted into the Solomon Valley RC&D Hall Of Fame on February 10, 2009.
Gary Doane and Orville Pruter getting the beans ready for the public feast at the Osborne County Courthouse Centennial Celebration in the fall of 2007.
"It was a privilege for me to work with Betty while we served together as Osborne County Commissioners. I enjoyed getting acquainted with Orville at that time as well. They have a special place in their hearts for preserving the traditions and historical values of our county, and passing along a great heritage to the next generation. Betty and Orville have served Osborne County and their community in many capacities. They have been and continue to be true servant leaders where God has placed them. Congratulations, Betty and Orville, on your election to the Osborne County Hall of Fame."—Gary Doane, Osborne County Commissioner, 2004-2008.
The Osborne County Commission in session in the Osborne County Courthouse, Osborne, Kansas in June 2007. From left to right: Bryan Byrd, Osborne; Gary Doane, Downs; and Betty Pruter, Natoma.
Both Betty and Orville have been members of the Natoma Community Center committee and helped with many Kansas Day annual programs—often baking bread and churning butter, among other activities. In 1990 Betty began working with the Osborne County Literacy Center. In 2002 she was appointed to the Osborne County Advisory Board and in 2003 she served on the board for the Osborne County Coalition. Beginning in 2004 Betty served on the board of directors for Osborne County Growth and Preservation, Inc. and in 2005 on the board for the Kansas Blue Hills Foundation.
Betty and Orville Pruter worked the Osborne County information booth at a number of Kansas Sampler Festivals over the years.
From 2000 to 2010 Orville and Betty were active members of Osborne County Tourism, Inc. and the Northwest Kansas Tourism Council. They became members of the Kansas Sampler Foundation and attended the annual Kansas Sampler Festivals held across the state, helping to set up and man the Osborne County booth. While at the Sampler Festival they handed out brochures and informed people about the many things to see and do in Osborne County and what a great place it is to live. In 2006 Betty received a Special Service Award for recognition of her longterm efforts to promote tourism to the region.
Kansas Bankers Association Conservation Award Winners
Windbreak Awards
Orville and Betty Pruter
Gale and Teresa Pruter
"The first 2004 windbreak award is to be presented to Orville and Betty Pruter and Gale and Teresa Pruter around the farmstead, near Natoma, that is occupied by Gale, Teresa and family. The windbreak is made up of four rows of trees. The inside row contains 196 lilacs, the two inside rows have 245 eastern red cedars, and the outside deciduous row is made up of 65 hackberry [trees].
They also installed 4,000 feet of weed barrier fabric. This windbreak was planted in 1995 and now protects the area around the farmstead and machine shed. Cost share assistance was received by the Pruters through the State Water Resources Cost-share Program.
The Pruters have done an excellent job of maintaining the windbreak and have had a good survival rate of the trees."—Downs News and Times, January 13, 2005.
In 2009 Betty and Orville were honored by receiving a Century Farm Award for the Pruter family farm located north of Natoma, recognizing their longterm family commitment to farming there for one hundred years. That same year they moved back to live on the farm and are the third generation to do so. The farm's big barn is notable in itself, as it replaced an earlier barn destroyed by a tornado on May 21, 1918. This new barn was built with the innovative "no-sag roof" concept invented by local architect and fellow Osborne County Hall of Famer Louis Beisner and is an outstanding example of Beisner's ground-breaking architectural style.
Two photos of Orville Pruter at work on the Pruter farm, utilizing old and new equipment to earn a living amid the ever-changing farming trends. Above can be seen the historic Pruter Barn in the background. The barn was built in 1918 and is a rare early example of the "no-sag" roof concept, in which the roof is held up by interlocking braces along the inside of the roof rather than by vertical columns down the middle of the hay loft. This architectural breakthrough is now a basic component in all large building architecture everywhere.
In 2011 Betty Pruter and Linda Sharits started working on creating a library for the city of Natoma. With the help many volunteers the library has grown to be the meeting place for the community, and in 2016 it officially became the Natoma Public Library under the administration of the city. Betty and Orville are also active in the Heritage Seekers Organization, a all-volunteer community group that was given the Polhman building in Natoma by the Polhman family (also Osborne County Hall of Famers) and in which they have established the Pohlman Heritage Museum.
Orville Pruter (second from left) rides on one of the many floats that the Natoma Heritage Seekers organization has entered in the annual Natoma Labor Day Parade over the years.
On May 29, 2005, Betty and Orville celebrated their golden anniversary of marriage. They remain active in the community and region. They are in charge of the government food commodity program, and both are on the board of the Northwest Kansas Area Agency on Aging. Betty is the clerk of Round Mound Township and is a member of the Silver Haired Legislature, representing Osborne County. They keep busy with community activities, volunteering at the library and museum, and helping their son care for the family farm.
Betty Pruter demonstrates making homemade bread.
In January 2016 Betty Pruter helped the kids at Natoma Grade School learn how to make butter and homemade bread.
The Orville and Betty Pruter family.
It is our pleasure to welcome such worthy additions into the Osborne County Hall of Fame. Betty and Orville Pruter, enjoy the parade of acclamations. You have earned them.
County Wide Objectives Chosen
"The Osborne County Chairperson of Osborne County Growth and Preservation, Inc., Betty Pruter, is inviting all interested citizens of Osborne County to a meeting on Friday, June 11, in the Osborne Carnegie Library at 7:30PM to choose two county objectives be accomplished between July and December 2004. At this meeting the two objectives that were to be completed between January and June will also be evaluated.
At this meeting the Osborne County Strategic Plan will be reviewed and revised as needed. We welcome new ideas and cordially invite all citizens interested in the common good of Osborne County to attend this meeting. 'We in 2003' has proven that we can make good things happen.
Help us fulfill the 'More in 2004' motto by becoming an active participant with us in these endeavors."—Osborne County Farmer, June 10, 2004.
Kansas Blue Hills Foundation Comes to County
"Something new has come to Osborne County! Five people have united their hearts and their talents to create the Kansas Blue Hills Foundation. Their mission is to secure the Future of Osborne County for those who live here, for those who are planning to return, and for those who are making Osborne County their new home. It is doable! It can be done!
The Kansas Blue Hills Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, county-wide organization authorized by the IRS to receive tax deductible contributions from individuals, families, businesses, corporations and other foundations. Three of the five foundation organizers attended Dr. Don Udell's three-day Foundation Workshop and all five attended his nine-day Grant Writing Workshop.
The foundation's founding five board members believe that there is a pool of human resources in Osborne County which can be shaped into a dynamic force that will reverse the economic and cultural downturn experienced in these past decades. The Foundation will be the vehicle to train and empower local leaders, establish permanent endowment that will endure forever, and generate and achieve a new vision or progress and prosperity for Osborne County.
Over the past twenty years there has been a significant outmigration from rural America to the metropolitan areas of the country. During these same years rural Kansas, Osborne County has seen (1) a massive transfer or wealth out of the county, (2) dramatic cuts in programs funded by the Federal and State governments, and (3) growing percentage or the population becoming sixty-five years of age or older.
These are sobering realities, and unfortunately many residents have come to believe that the county's decline in population, jobs, economic opportunity, and quality of life is irreversible. This pessimism is destructive to the county in general and to the residents individually. It is our conviction that the people of this county can find the hope, energy, courage and the resources required to reverse this damaging attitude.
Now is not the time to be passive! We must awaken the same pioneering spirit that permitted our ancestors to overcome the obstacles they faced when they settled this county.
The Kansas Blue Hills Foundation governing board members are dedicated to improving the communities in which they live. The board members are: Carolyn Williams, Alton, who is very active in the Bohemian Cultural Center and restaurant enterprise and a former school teacher; Frances Meyers, Downs, who is an IRS agent and eBay entrepreneur; Betty Pruter, Natoma, who is a partner on the family farm, former teacher and currently serves as a County Commissioner; Laura McClure, Osborne, who is a former State Representative, worked as Economic Development Director for the City of Osborne, and is the President of the Kansas Blue Hills Foundation; Dr. Joe Hubbard, the member at-large, is a former Arizona State Director of the Department of Developmental Disabilities, and for twenty years owned/managed a private 501 (c)(3) counseling organization.
Kansas Blue Hills Foundation is currently requesting contributions from individuals, businesses, and other foundations to make securing the future a reality in Osborne County. The Foundation Board is embarking on a three year Capital Campaign Drive. The goal is to raise three million five hundred thousand dollars in the next three yean. Three million will be used to establish a permanent endowment fund for Osborne County, and the remainder will be used as seed money in the foundation's nine Fields of Interest as well as for administrative costs.
Over the next ten years, billions of dollars will transfer out of Osborne County due to (1) the death of residents whose relatives live outside of the county, (2) businesses closing with no successor, and (3) the out-migration of our youth. A major reason for establishing a County-Wide Endowment Fund is to retain some of this wealth within Osborne County. Donors will have the opportunity to give to this endowment fund through estate planning, memorials, and gifts. Contributions to the foundation are tax deductible to the fullest extent of the law.
As this endowment fund grows, the Kansas Blue Hills Foundation will distribute the earnings in the form of grants to qualified applicants living in or serving Osborne County. Grants will be made in the Foundation's nine Fields of Interest which are: (1) Community Development, (2) Economic Development, (3) Rural Development. (4) Arts and Culture, (5) Education, (6) Environment, (7) Health, (8) Recreation, and (9) Religion. These Fields of Interest provide donors with a wide variety of program-areas they may wish to sustain.
The mission of the Kansas Blue Hills Foundation is: 'To be an innovative leader in supporting and promoting activities in Osborne County, that foster economic, social and spiritual growth by empowering individuals, businesses, organizations and government entities.'
We invite you to participate with us in this challenging and rewarding endeavor."—by Laura McClure, Downs News and Times, March 24, 2005.
SOURCES: Betty & Orville Pruter, Natoma, Kansas; Gary Doane, Downs, Kansas; Laura McClure, Osborne, Kansas; Della Richmond, Natoma, Kansas; Von Rothenberger, Lucas, Kansas; Carolyn Schultz, Lucas, Kansas; Natoma Independent, October 19, 1950; Natoma-Luray Independent, June 9, 1955; Natoma-Luray Independent, July 7, 1955; Natoma-Luray Independent, October 17, 1957; Natoma-Luray Independent, January 8, 1959; Natoma-Luray Independent, August 4, 1960; Osborne County Farmer, April 28, 1988; Osborne County Farmer, October 31, 1996; Osborne County Farmer, July 27, 2000; Osborne County Farmer, August 10, 2000; Osborne County Farmer, November 16, 2000; Osborne County Farmer, January 11, 2001; Osborne County Farmer, March 13, 2003; Osborne County Farmer, June 10, 2004; Osborne County Farmer, January 13, 2005; Downs News and Times, January 13, 2005; Downs News and Times, March 24, 2005; Osborne County Farmer, May 26, 2005; Downs News and Times, March 7, 2006; Osborne County Farmer; March 5, 2009; Osborne County Farmer, June 11, 2009.
Author ochfPosted on November 23, 2016 Categories Education, Environmentalist, Farming, Historian, History of, Librarian, Politician, Volunteer1 Comment on Orville Leon and Betty Joy (Zweifel) Pruter – 2016 Inductees
John M. Galer – 2016 Inductee
(On this date, October 6, 2016, the Osborne County Hall of Fame is pleased to present to the world for the first time anywhere the second member of the OCHF Class of 2016)
Farmer, soldier, teacher, pastor, politician, and businessman. John M. Galer had done it all in his long life – a useful life that has more than earned a spot in the Osborne County Hall of Fame.
John M. Galer was born on March 22, 1840, near what is now Penn State University in Center County, Pennsylvania. His father David Galer was second generation American-born and his mother Jane was fourth generation American-born. They both had German heritage and were part of what was known as the Pennsylvania Dutch community. His mother's father and uncle had served in the Revolutionary War. John was the eldest of a family of seven children. When he was 14 years of age his parents moved to Bridgeport, Wisconsin, later moving to the Cox Creek area near the town of Littleport in Clayton County, Iowa. Here he grew to manhood and helped with the family farm.
In September 1861 John volunteered for Civil War duty and joined an all-Iowa cavalry unit. His enlistment records show that he was 5 feet 7 inches in height and weighed 140 pounds, with blue eyes, a sandy complexion, and flaxen hair. John was made a private – later being promoted to the rank of corporal – and assigned as a bugler. That unit was the 11th Pennsylvania Independent Cavalry, the 108th Volunteers also known as "Harlan's Light Calvary", under authority of the Secretary of War. John was in Company A. The 11th was mainly from Pennsylvania but Company A was from Iowa, Company M was from Ohio, and parts of Companies E and F were from New York and New Jersey.
On October 14, 1861 the 11th Pennsylvania was sent to Washington, D.C. On November 17th it was sent to Annapolis, Maryland, to be transported to the Fortress Monroe Virginia area where it was assigned to Camp Hamilton. This was part of the build up for Union Army General McClellan's Peninsula Campaign. John personally witnessed the legendary sea battle between the ironclads USS Monitor and the CSS Virginia (formerly the USS Merrimac) that took place in Hampton Roads on March 8th and 9th, 1862.
The Battle of The Monitor and the Merrimac
By John Galer [written in 1918]
In the spring of 1862, our regiment, [the] 11th Pennsylvania Cavalry, were camped on the North Shore of Hampton Roads. Company A, our company, lay within 7 or 8 rods of the water line and had an unobstructed view of the whole of Hampton Roads, We had learned through scouts and spies that the enemy were building an ironclad war vessel near Norfolk on the Elizabeth River, 12 or 15 miles south of Hampton Roads.
In the afternoon of March 8, we saw a heavy smoke coming from Norfolk and soon the Merrimac made her appearance and with her the Yorktown, Jamestown and other smaller Confederate vessels. Union vessels in the Hampton Roads consisted of the Cumberland, Congress, Minnesota, (all 84 gunships) and other smaller Union craft.
The Merrimac steamed directly toward the Cumberland and Congress near Newport News and made the attack on them. Soon nearly all the vessels in the Hampton Roads were mixed up to some extent, in the fighting, which lasted several hours. The Merrimac put the Cumberland in a sinking condition and called on the captain to surrender, but the captain answered, "No sir, we will go to the bottom first," and they kept on fighting and firing until the muzzles of their guns were near the water.
A part of the crew swam ashore and were saved, but the greater part, among whom was a brother of Uncle Jimmie McIntire of Alton [Kansas], went down with the vessel.
The Congress kept up the fight until the Merrimac set her on fire by firing red hot shot into her and caused her to surrender, and she was burned to the water's edge. But a few of her crew were taken prisoners as the guns from Newport News made it too hot for the enemy to venture out to take them. Most of the crew were rescued by small boats from Newport News. The smoke from the vessels and firing obscured the fighting to such an extent that we could not see all of it.
The Minnesota in the maneuvering ran aground, where she remained till in the night. The enemy vessels went back to Norfolk in the evening.
We were an anxious bunch for the reason that there were only about 5,000 of us, while only 2 or 3 miles behind us was General [John B.] Magruder with 35,000 ready to attack us as soon as the Merrimac made it safe to do so, which she expected to do on the morrow.
In the morning of the next day (March 9), the enemy vessels made their appearance, the Merrimac steaming directly toward the Minnesota and firing a challenge at long range. Just then a queer looking craft, the Monitor, which had arrived during the night and had taken position behind the Minnesota, moved out toward the Merrimac, placed a solid 11-inch shot on the side of the iron monster and waked her up to the fact that she had something different from wooden vessels to contend with, and they were soon engaged in heavy fighting to see which should prove victorious.
They kept up a very hot battle, being on the move all the time as ships in action always are, sometimes very close together, pouring the solid shot on each other's iron sides with little or no effect. This continued till 3 or 4 p.m. when the Monitor succeeded in placing a shot in the stern of the Merrimac and put her in a leaking condition and caused her to give up the fight and start for Norfolk and never engaged in another fight.
The battle with the Merrimac is too grand for pen to describe though partly hidden by a smoke screen caused by the continuous cannonading.
On the morning of the second day, several rebel steamers decked with flags and carrying finely dressed passengers arrived expecting to see the whole Union fleet wiped off the map. When the Merrimac started to retreat, the finely-decorated steamers with the fashionably dressed sightseers went away in a hurry.
At the end of the first day, death or prison seemed certain and we felt very despondent, but when victory came on the evening of the second day, we sure had a time of great rejoicing.
John Galer, Osborne, Kansas
Company A, 11th PA Cavalry.
P.S. – Hampton Roads is a body of water extending west from the Atlantic Ocean, nearly circular and about 14 miles across.
John Galer's handsketch of the Hampton Roads, Virginia area, where the battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac took place. North is at the bottom of the sketch. John created the sketch on his son-in-law Ray Tindal's business stationery in 1918.
John served in the Union Army as a volunteer in Company A, 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry for nearly four years. Most of this time was spent in the Portsmouth, Norfolk, Suffolk, Williamsburg, Richmond and Petersburg Virginia areas as well as expeditions in the Camden, South Mills, Edenton, and other parts of North Carolina. He was honorably discharged in 1864 – "sent home to die", as he said – suffering a serious relapse of measles which had taken the lives of many men in his Company.
John soon recovered and went to Clayton County, Iowa, where he taught school for ten years. Esther Gifford was one of his seventeen-year-old pupils. They were married on April 19, 1866. When she earned her teaching certificate in 1869 Esther also taught for three years until the birth of their first child.
In 1877 John and his brother-in-law, Sylvester Palmer, rode by horseback to Osborne County, Kansas, where they looked over the land and, liking what they saw, filed on two homestead claims. They then returned for their families and in late spring 1878 started the long trek to their new land in three or four covered wagons. The two families lived in tents while building their new homes. John promised his wife that their home would be of stone, as she was deathly afraid of snakes. The house was at first only sixteen by eighteen feet in size. As the family grew rooms were added, and the family also enjoyed having the first windmill in the area. John had faithfully kept diaries of his early life and Civil War experiences, but they were destroyed in a flood soon after the family's arrival in Osborne County.
The stone farmhome that the Galer family moved into in 1878 on their homestead. This photo was taken in 1916 just prior to the home being torn down.
They built a sod schoolhouse where all community gatherings were held. John taught school for two years, without pay, until the district was organized. He became a lay-preacher and often conducted church services there when the minister could not come.
In October 1889 John Galer was voted in as the Osborne County Republican Party's nominee for Osborne County Clerk in the 1890 general election. Those plans were laid aside when Zachary T. Walrond resigned his position as the Kansas House of Representatives member from Osborne County, having been appointed Attorney General for the Indian Territory. After considerable debate John Galer was appointed to fill out Walrond's unexpired term, which ran until December 1890. John served in the House with distinction and then declined to run for re-election, choosing instead to return home to his Mount Ayr Township farm.
John Galer when he represented Osborne County in the Kansas House of Representatives, minus the beard and now sporting a moustache.
Esther Galer was only 49 years old when she died of a heart attack in November 1898.
Mrs. John Galer Dead.
An unusually sad occurrence was the death of Mrs. John Galer of Mt. Ayr Township, on Saturday evening. Mrs. Galer, her two daughters, and two of her sons were in Alton Saturday afternoon making Christmas purchases, and providing numerous things necessary for a grand time to be had at the Pleasant Plain school house Christmas Eve.
They started homeward at about five o'clock in the evening, and when about three miles south of town, just beyond Ed. Ives' place, Mrs. Galer was suddenly stricken by an attack of neuralgia of the heart, to which she had been subject, and fell from the wagon. She was picked up in great pain and made as comfortable as possible in the vehicle and all haste was made toward home. Mrs. Galer's condition became rapidly worse, and she asked to be taken to the nearest house. The party drove as rapidly as possible to Clate Gregory's and she was carried into the house, where she expired almost immediately
A most heartrending scene here presented itself. A loving mother surrounded by her beloved ones in the midst of preparation for a joyful commemoration, was called hence by Him whose birth-time she loved to honor.
The sad announcement was hurried on to the husband who awaited her coming in the home her presence had brightened for so many years.
Mrs. Galer was a refined and well educated woman, and the twenty years or her life spent in Osborne County has always been exemplary of the best that culture and a true conception of the responsibilities of life can offer. She was a member of the M. E. church and the leading spirit in the church work of that community. For the past seventeen years the infant class in Sunday school had been her especial care, and many a young man and young woman has carried with them into the world the influence of her teachings and motherly counsel.
She was born in Iowa, September 1, 1849. She leaves a husband and eight children to mourn. Her remains were laid to rest in the Pleasant Plain Cemetery on Monday. The funeral services were conducted by Rev. Dugger of Natoma. – Alton Empire, December 22, 1898, Page One.
John, at age 59, was left alone to raise the five children still living at home after his wife's death.
The eight children of John and Esther Galer. Front row, from left: Earl Galer; Olive (Galer) Smith; Ella (Galer) Beisner; Charles Morrell Galer. Back row, from left: John Galer, Jr.; George Galer; Esther (Galer) Peach; Clarinda (Galer) Tindal. Photo taken in 1907.
In November 1903 John moved to Alton, Kansas and went into business for the International Harvester Company in partnerships first with John Hadley and later with Charles Thomas.
John Galer's hardware and implement store in Alton, Kansas.
Charles Thomas and John Galer in front of their store in Alton, Kansas.
"John Galer, while working in his store last Saturday, just before noon, was stricken with an attack of heart trouble, and fell unconscious, remaining so for perhaps ten minutes. He revived, however, and was about the store the rest of the day." – Alton Empire, May 13, 1909.
John Galer in his last years with three of his children – Clarinda, Earl, and Charles.
John retired in 1910 and for the rest of his life lived with family members in Alton, Osborne, and Downs. He enjoyed always being the oldest veteran in all the area parades, and often made presentations in schools, usually being requested to retell his story of the battle of the Monitor and the Merrimack. John died at the home of his son in Downs, Kansas on November 29, 1929.
J. M. Galer Passes Away
Civil War Veteran and Early Osborne County Settler Answers Final Call
John M. Galer, well known and loved Osborne County man, passed to his reward Friday morning. Mr. Galer had been bedfast for only a few weeks previous to his death and until that time retained his faculties in a remarkable way for one of his age. He went to Kansas City a few weeks ago for an operation and since has not been able to be out much. Tuesday of last week he became decidedly worse and death came early Friday morning.
Mr. Galer came to Osborne County at an early day and reared his family here. He was loved by all who knew him for his jovial disposition and kindly ways and will be missed by all who knew him. He homesteaded south of Alton and for a number of years made his home in Alton. He was one of the few remaining veterans of the Civil War and was a member of the G.A.R. Funeral services were held from the Methodist Church in Osborne Sunday afternoon in charge of Reverend Leroy F. Arend, pastor of the church, and assisted by Rev. Ludwig Thomsen of the Congregational Church. The Masonic Lodge, of which the deceased was a member, had charge of the services at the grave. Masons from Alton, Downs and Osborne lodges were present and the oration was given by H. A. Meibergen, of Downs. Three of his comrades, Selah B. Farwell, Benjamin F. Hilton, and Robert R. Hays, attended the funeral. Burial was made in the Osborne Cemetery by the side of his wife who had recently been removed from the Pleasant Plain Cemetery to the Osborne Cemetery.
The following is [taken from] the obituary that was read at the funeral services:
The eldest son, Earl F., died at Lambert, Oklahoma six years ago. Those left to mourn his passing are: Mrs. L. C. Beisner, Natoma Kansas; Mr. W. E. Smith, Hays, Kansas; George G. or Skidmore, Missouri; Charles M. of Downs; John F. of Burr Oak, Kansas; Mrs. C. A. Peach of Grand Junction, Colorado, and Mrs. Ray Tindal of Osborne with whom he has made his home for the last ten years. All were present with their father during his last illness except George, who was unable to come. He also leaves 31 grand children and 13 great-grandchildren.
In 1880 he was converted and joined the Methodist Church of which he has since been an active member, transferring his membership to the Osborne M. E. Church several years ago. On 1886 Mr. Galer was ordained as a local pastor, and often filled the pulpit for other ministers when necessary.
Mr. Galer has been a Mason for over 60 years, having joined the lodge in Iowa, later transferring to the Alton lodge where he was a charter member, and at the age of 70 was conferred the honor of a life membership in that order. He was also a member of the Eastern Star and served several terms as Worthy Patron.
He was a charter member of the General Bull Post No. 106 G. A. R. at Alton, Kansas until it disbanded, after which he joined the O. M. Mitchell Post No. 69 at Osborne, Kansas.
In 1903 with his three younger children, he moved to Alton, Kansas, where he made his home until the marriage or his youngest daughter in 1910, since that time making his home with his son, Charles and daughter, Mrs. Ray Tindal." – Alton Empire, December 5, 1929, Page One.
"John Galer is no more. He was one of the finest men to settle in Mount Ayr [Township] in the early days, although he was not one of the earliest settlers. Yet 1878 is considered early . . . Mr. Galer was a progressive farmer. He was always experimenting with grains and grasses, trying to find out the kind best adapted to this part of the country. We remember way back in 1900 when we were the trustee of Mount Ayr Township. Mr. Galer came to us with the idea of purchasing a road grader for the township. We studied the situation over with him and the result was we purchased the first road grader and were derided for so doing, but time has proven it was a good move. Mr. Galer was one of the first township officers, having been appointed to office when the township was organized . . . He was always held in respect by all who know him. After he left the farm he engaged in business with J. M. Hadley for a while. Mrs. Hadley sold out to Charles Thomas and the firm name was then Galer and Thomas for some time. They were in the pump and windmill business and the name of Galer and Thomas may yet be seen on many windmills . . . He is gone and the least that can be said of him is that he was a good man. We heard him say once that a man that didn't care for children or flowers was no man at all. He was a lover of both; also, he could always be heard whistling – a sure sign of a cheerful disposition. He was a deep thinker and in an argument was always willing to believe his opponent had as much right to his way of thinking as he had, but like Henry Clay, he would rather be right than president. John Galer will be sadly missed by his many friends, but his ending at an old age is the culmination of a long and useful life." – Charles E. Williams, 1996 Osborne County Hall of Fame inductee, in the Mount Ayr Department column of the Alton Empire newspaper, December 5, 1929, Page Four.
SOURCES: Chris Beisner, Surprise, Arizona; Richard Smith, Manhattan, Kansas ; "John Galer", The People Came, Osborne County Genealogical & Historical Society, Osborne Publishing Company, Osborne, Kansas (1977), page 313; Alton Empire, December 22, 1898; Alton Empire, November 12, 1903; Alton Empire, May 13, 1909; Alton Empire, December 5, 1929.
Author ochfPosted on October 6, 2016 October 21, 2016 Categories Business, Education, Farming, History of, Minister, Politician, VeteranLeave a comment on John M. Galer – 2016 Inductee
Oid Lee Wineland – 1996 Inductee
A fourth-generation native of Osborne County who has been a public servant in both his career and as a volunteer for over fifty years to the people of Osborne County has indeed earned himself a place in the Osborne County Hall of Fame. Oid Lee Wineland was born October 28, 1920, to Clyde and Hazel (Tucker) Wineland on the family homestead in Kill Creek Township, Osborne County, Kansas.
Oid attended the Hillsview rural school and graduated from Alton [Kansas] High School in 1939. Also in 1939 Oid was awarded the American Farmer Degree, the Future Farmers of America's highest award. He then attended Kansas State University, where he briefly played football and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in January 1943. He entered military service in the army and received a reserve commission as a second lieutenant after graduating Officer Candidate School at Fort Benning, Georgia, in May 1943. That same month he returned to Alton and married his high school sweetheart, Letha Thayer. Together they raised two sons, Ron and Jim.
Oid served in World War II with the 121st Infantry in the Rhineland, Central Germany, and Northern France campaigns. After dismissal from active duty in 1946 Oid remained in the Army Reserve until April 1, 1953. He became a member of the Alton American Legion chapter and has been in charge of the chapter's firing squad for over fifty years.
On January 21, 1946, Oid became a rural mail carrier for the Alton post office, a job he held until March 29, 1986. In his forty years as a carrier he was exemplary in his work and earned an Expert Driver Award-Million Mile Safety Award from the National Safety Council. He also farmed wheat on rented land and worked alongside his father and then on his own on the family farm in Kill Creek Township all his working life. An active member of the United Brethren Church in Alton, Oid has served on the Alton City Council and as the town's mayor. For twenty-one years he was elected to the local school boards, serving as School District Number 392 president for two terms. He also held the office of Region Seven Vice-President of the Kansas Association of School Boards.
Oid helped local youth through the Pee-Wee and Cookie baseball programs in Alton. At various times he could be found as the assistant coach, groundskeeper, scorebook keeper, equipment manager, umpire, supplying first aid, or whatever else there was to do. "I enjoyed that about more than anything I ever did," relates Oid.
Now in retirement at his home in Alton, Oid and his wife enjoy gardening, yard work, traveling, and visiting with family and the many friends he has in made over the years in the Alton area. Always a source of pride and respect among his peers, Oid Wineland remains a strong voice in the affairs of Alton and the northwestern part of Osborne County.
OID WINELAND IN WORLD WAR II
(By Jim Wineland)
Oid Lee Wineland was an infantry officer in the United States Army in World War II from 1943-1945. He was awarded the Bronze Star with oak leaf cluster and the Purple Heart with two oak leaf clusters.
From August 1944 until the end of the war, he served in Europe as a lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion, 121st Infantry "Gray Bonnet" Regiment, of the 8th Infantry Division. This unit faced some of the toughest infantry fighting of the war. During Oid's time with the 121st Infantry, 718 of its men were killed-in-action or died of wounds suffered in combat in France and Germany.
Oid first saw action in August 1944 during the siege of the French port of Brest. After that city fell, the 8th Division participated in the capture of German units on the Crozon Peninsula south of Brest. Operations in France ended in September. The division moved to Luxembourg and held a defensive position. On November 20th, Oid moved with the 121st Infantry as it entered Germany near Huertgen, where a furious battle had been underway since September.
At the Battle of the Huertgen Forest, the 2nd Battalion played an important role in the capture of the village of Huertgen, Germany. For its action on November 21-28th, the 121st Infantry received the Presidential Unit Citation, the nation's highest award for a military unit. On December 1, 1944, Oid was one of a few remaining officers who led the battered 2nd Battalion while it was surrounded by the enemy in the woods east of the village. It was a harrowing day, but the battalion held on. On December 6th Oid was seriously wounded in the leg by German artillery near Huertgen and evacuated. After several weeks in hospitals in Belgium, France, and England, he returned to the 121st Infantry on January 26, 1945.
In 1945 he participated in the fighting near the Roer River Dams; the drive from the Roer River to the Rhine River; the house-to-house combat in the Ruhr Pocket east and north of Cologne, Germany; and, finally, the rapid drive to the Elbe River and into North Central Germany at the war's end in May 1945. Oid led what became a highly decorated platoon of black soldiers in a segregated unit within the 121st Infantry from March until the end of the fighting in Europe. On May 8, 1945, Oid became Company Commander of F Company, 121st Infantry. Oid returned to the United States in the summer of 1945 with the regiment. The 8th Infantry Division was at Ft. Leonard Wood, Missouri, preparing to join the war in the Pacific when Japan surrendered in September 1945. Oid was discharged from active duty in January 1946 and returned to Alton, Kansas.
Oid Wineland during World War II.
Author ochfPosted on October 14, 2012 October 14, 2012 Categories Farming, Politician, Postal Worker, VeteranTags Alton, American Legion, Community Leader, Farmer, Kill Creek Township, Postal Worker, VeteranLeave a comment on Oid Lee Wineland – 1996 Inductee
Henry Harrison Welty – 2010 Inductee
In the early history of Downs, Osborne County, Kansas there are three men who achieved such legendary business status that they are forever known as The Lumber Barons of Downs. Two of the three – George Howell and Marion Hardman – have been previously inducted into the Osborne County Hall of Fame. Here now the third and last of the Lumber Barons joins them in being so honored.
Henry Harrison Welty was born on February 22, 1855 in Nora, Jo Daviess County, Illinois. He was educated in the Nora public schools and graduated from Carthage College at Carthage, Illinois.
In the 1870s Henry headed west and settled in Logan, Kansas, where he engaged in the lumber business for a number of years. He then moved to Downs after its founding in 1879 and worked for George Howell at the Howell Lumber Company.
In 1903 Henry was one of the three founders of the Central Lumber Company, which later became known as the Hardman Lumber Company, and was the company president. He extended his business empire over several states and after a merger presided over the Noll-Welty Lumber Company.
From 1902 to 1906 Henry served as mayor of Downs and is accorded the accolade as being the finest mayor in the city's history. He was a leading spirit in all of the town's undertakings and it was largely through his energy and influence that the Carnegie Library and many other advantageous civic projects were completed, elevating Downs at the time as being one of the most progressive small cities in the state. In 1905 Henry served as president of the Lincoln Park Chautauqua and completed what would be the largest home ever built in the city. During this time Henry married a widow, May (Rice) Meadows, and adopted her daughter, Rebecca, a 1996 Osborne County Hall of Fame inductee in her own right. Together they raised two more daughters and two sons.
In June of 1912 Henry decided to retire from active business and moved his family to Topeka, Kansas. There he served on the board of trustees for both the Central Congregational Church and Washburn College, and was a member of the Topeka Scottish Rite as well as Siloam Lodge #225, A. F. and A. M.
Henry Harrison Welty passed away on August 23, 1929 and was laid to rest in Topeka's Mount Hope Cemetery.
Henry H. Welty House in Downs in 1903.
Author ochfPosted on October 13, 2012 Categories Business, PoliticianTags Business, Community Leader, Downs, LumbermanLeave a comment on Henry Harrison Welty – 2010 Inductee
Zachary Taylor Walrond – 1996 Inductee
"Zachary Taylor Walrond was born in Hart County, Kentucky, April 3rd, 1847. His birthplace is about six miles from Glen Lily, the birthplace and home, when not in public life, of [former Vice-President] General Simon Bolivar Buckner of Confederate fame and about twenty miles south of the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln. Conrad Walrond, the father of Z. T. Walrond, was a prosperous farmer of a genial happy disposition. It was always a joy to the young people to visit the home of 'Uncle Conrad.' It meant a season of sunshine and good fellowship. The Walrond family are thought to be of English descent. Emily Mitchell, the mother of Z. T. Walrond, was of a Scotch-Irish family, her mother, Rachel Crawford, was of the old Virginia family, bearing the name, which has produced so many men distinguished in Church and State, Art and Literature.
Z. T. Walrond was known in early boyhood as 'Taylor' Walrond, in compliment to his namesake, the twelfth president of the United States. As he grew older he seemed to dislike the name and he was called by his abbreviated first name, 'Zac,' with the unanimous consent of those most directly interested, who soon learned to use the new name by which he was ever afterwards familiarly known among his relatives and friends. His early education was in the common schools of his native county. Later during the Civil War he entered the Male and Female High School at Columbia, Kentucky; at that time this town was one of the centers of learning for the Green River Country in Kentucky. After a time at this school he returned to his father's farm and engaged at this occupation until the fall of 1867 when he again entered the Academy at Columbia. While in school he united with the Presbyterian church and being of exceptional promise as a student and with rare social qualities he was solicited to become a candidate for the Presbyterian ministry, to which he consented and was taken under care of the Presbytery with this calling in view. His zeal in study overtaxed his powers and he suffered a physical breakdown and left the school in the spring of 1868. After this he engaged for some time in active outdoor life to regain his health, teaching school in the winter until the spring of 1870, when he decided to seek his fortune in the West, coming to Kansas in the spring of 1870. He has left on record April 3, 1870, as the exact date of his settlement in Kansas, this being his twenty-third birthday. At that time the Arapaho and Buffalo roamed at will over the hills, valleys and plains of Western Kansas. In company with two brothers of the name of Crosby he selected a preemption on the North Solomon River in Osborne County.
Z. T. Walrond was one of the first, if not the first to obtain full legal title to land in this county [Osborne] from the United States. His patent is dated January 20, 1872, and bears the name of [Ulysses] S. Grant, then president. Albert Wells and J. J. Wiltrout, now a banker at Logan, Kansas, were among his comrades and neighbors at that time. They were all then young men, fond of adventure, and with high hopes for the future. They lived in a stockade in what became extreme northwestern Bethany Township as a defense against Indian raids, enduring the privation of frontier life for the purpose of a home and independence in a material way. He gave the name of Bethany to the township and post office [later known as Portis], being appointed the second postmaster and first justice of the peace in that vicinity. After paying out on his preemption he homesteaded adjoining land and remained on his homestead until the fall of 1873.
Z. T. Walrond was elected register of deeds, November 4, 1873, and took the office in January 1874, making his home in the city of Osborne after that time. Later in the year 1874 he had built the residence in Osborne which still stands at the corner of First and East Streets. In December 1874 he was united in marriage to Mary Duncan Smith of Horse Cave, Hart County, Kentucky, immediately bringing his bride to Osborne to occupy the new home. During all those early years Z. T. Walrond took an active part in laying the foundations of organized society. He was in the forefront of every movement for the public kind, generous and hospitable. He had a warm place in the hearts of the people. He himself has said he never had better friends anywhere than the early settlers in Osborne County. He loved them and was loved by them in return. He held the office of register of deeds two terms, retiring in January, 1878. During these early years he studied law and was admitted to the bar. After retiring from the office of register of deeds, he formed a partnership with the late [Robert] G. Hays (who died a few years ago at Oklahoma City) for the practice of law; later this partnership was dissolved. On January, 1879, he entered into partnership with J. K. Mitchell, and this partnership continued four about four years under the firm name of Walrond & Mitchell; later Cyrus Heren came into the firm and the business was conducted under the firm name of Walrond, Mitchell & Heren. This partnership was dissolved January 1, 1890.
Z. T. Walrond had a retentive memory and kept a record of current events, from which between 1880 and 1882 he compiled a history of Osborne County and Northwest Kansas known as the Annals of Osborne County, a history of the decade of the 1870s that is a mine of information for all later historians. He was elected county attorney of Osborne County in fall of 1880 and held this position for two terms, from January 1881 until January 1885. He was elected county representative to the Kansas Legislature November 2, 1886, re-elected November 6, 1888, and was a member of the Legislature when appointed United States District Attorney for the Indian Territory by President Harrison in the spring of 1889. During his second term in the legislature he was a candidate for Speaker of the House, but was defeated because he would not pledge himself in advance in the matter of appointments under control of the Speaker, deeming it of more importance to be free to use his best judgment in such matters and preferring defeat to being fettered. His action in this probably aided in calling attention to the character of the man and in securing his selection as United States Attorney on the recommendation of the United States Senator, Preston B. Plumb, who was particularly anxious for a man with unquestioned integrity and firmness to be chosen as United States Attorney for the Indian country. Mr. Walrond held the position of U. S. Attorney for four years, until the spring of 1893, when he was relieved by the incoming Cleveland administration, being succeeded by a Democrat.
After his retirement from public office he continued to reside at Muskogee, Oklahoma, engaging in the practice of law, being called into the public position again as Referee in Bankruptcy and afterwards chosen police judge of Muskogee. He discharged his duties in every public trust with honor to himself and to the satisfaction of his fellow citizens. He was frequently attorney for the Indians and enjoyed their unbounded confidence.
He leaves to mourn his loss his wife and one daughter, Lucile, three children–Virgil, Warren, and Annie–having died in infancy and whose remains rest in the Osborne Cemetery. He has a sister, Mrs. Elizabeth Hutcherson, residing at Portis, Kansas, a brother Madison in Nebraska, another sister, Mrs. Martha Hatcher and one unmarried sister, Alice, still living on the old Walrond homestead in Kentucky. An older brother, Thomas, was a Federal soldier in the Civil War and died before the war closed from disease contracted in the service The circle of his friends is only limited by the extent of his acquaintances which is not confined to state lines. He had been in failing health for several months and spent some time at Sulphur Springs, Arkansas, during the last summer in the hope of regaining his health but gradually became weaker. He suddenly became worse on Monday, November 2nd, and was taken to the hospital in Muskogee, where he had a specially trained nurse and the best of medical skill, but nothing could prolong his life and he peacefully and without a sigh breathed his last on one o'clock on Friday morning, November 6, 1914. While he lay in the hospital his friends made his room a bower of roses. Flowers beautiful beyond description covered his grave.
As before stated he connected himself with the Presbyterian Church in Kentucky, there being no church of that faith when he came to Osborne, he united with the Congregational Church and remained with that body until his removal to Muskogee, where he reunited with the Presbyterian Church, was chosen an Elder and at one time represented his Presbytery in the General Assembly as a Commissioner. He became a member of the Masonic fraternity in Kentucky and remained a member all his life. His pastor, Reverend J. K. Thompson, conducted the funeral service and his body was escorted to the grave in the Greenhill Cemetery by the entire local membership of the Masonic Lodge. The Bar Association of Muskogee was present in a body. Hundreds were unable to enter the outer portals of the church. At the conclusion of the church service the body was placed in care of the Knights Templar and their brother Masons. The active pallbearers were uniformed Knights Templar, while the honorary pallbearers were deacons of the church of which Judge Walrond had been a member for the last twenty-five years of his life. He was the oldest lawyer in the state of Oklahoma in rank of admission to the bar in that state. Few men have gained and held so high a place in the esteem of all classes of people through a long period of years. He was always kind, gentle and considerate of the feelings of others, rarely wounded anyone or made an enemy; at the same time he was always firm for the right as he saw the right.
One of nature's noblemen such as we do not look upon every day but whose lives leave the world richer for all time by reason of their sojourn here. Requiescat in peace."
— John Knox Mitchell, cousin, in the Osborne (KS) County Farmer, November 19, 1914.
Author ochfPosted on October 6, 2012 Categories Attorney, Business, Education, Farming, Historian, Politician, SettlerTags Attorney, Business, Farmer, Historian, Masonic Lodge, Osborne, Representative, Settler, Teacher, WriterLeave a comment on Zachary Taylor Walrond – 1996 Inductee


text:
The 7 Best Portable Electronics for Teens in 2019
Buy › Buying Guides
See our top gadget picks for older kids and teens
by David Beren and Jason Hidalgo
Best Video Game System: Nintendo Switch at Amazon, "Specifically designed to encourage your teen to get out of their cave and play with their friends."
Best Virtual Reality System: HTC VIVE at Amazon, "the ground-breaking virtual reality system that will make even parents want to get in on the action."
Best E-Reader: Amazon Fire HD 8 Tablet at Amazon, "Teens will be able to choose from millions of movies, TV shows, songs, eBooks and more."
Best Gaming Mouse: Logitech G502 Proteus Spectrum at Amazon, "Features an advanced optical gaming sensor designed by Logitech."
Best Gaming Headphones: ASTRO Gaming A40 TR at Amazon, "Designed to give clarity to every detail at every frequency and volume level."
Best Gaming Laptop: Alienware AW15R3-3831SLV at Amazon, "It can play virtually any video game in existence for the next five years."
Best Robot Kit: Makeblock mBot Kit at Amazon, "Perfect for any teen that wants to become familiarized with graphical programming, electronics and robotics."
Best Video Game System: Nintendo Switch
Courtesy of Amazon.com
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Concerned parents who fear a gaming console will isolate their teenager shouldn't worry any longer. The Nintendo Switch is specifically designed to encourage your teen to get out of their cave and play with their friends. This means your teen (and one other) can go out in the sun and enjoy a few rounds of Mario Kart 8 Deluxe or Super Bomberman R by just using one shared console.
Of course, you can get up to four players or more on the Nintendo Switch as long as you buy an extra Joy-Con controller. Depending on the type of game played, the portable battery for the system generally lasts about 3 to 5 hours. More intense graphic heavy processing games will limit the battery life, while lighter more quick games will preserve its power.
Best Virtual Reality System: HTC VIVE
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Want to really impress your teen with the latest technology? Want to send them to another world? Get them the HTC VIVE, the ground-breaking virtual reality system that will make even parents want to get in on the action. It provides room scale VR, emerging your teen into another dimension where they can physically interact with 3D objects and play VR specific games.
The HTC VIVE is perfect for any teen gamer that wants the best in virtual reality. The system is compatible with over hundreds of games on SteamVR, so there are countless worlds to play in and environments to interact with. You can even condition your teen's bravery by sending them on a first person rollercoaster, boxing match or to the dentist's office. Included are wireless controllers designed to make interacting in virtual reality more natural and intuitive.
The device features an adjustable headset for comfort and provides multiple eye relief adjustments, including lens distance so you won't have to worry about your teen having strained eyes or soreness. It features SteamVR tracking, too, so your teen will always experience the best of virtual reality whether they're sitting, standing or in a room-scale space.
Best E-Reader: Amazon Fire HD 8 Tablet
Feature-rich at a price that's tough to beat, the Amazon Fire HD 8 makes a great device for teens. Available in both 16GB and 32GB configurations, each model offers up to 400GB of additional storage, which you may end up needing when you consider the depth of content available. Teens will be able to choose from millions of movies, TV shows, songs, eBooks and more. And all their favorite apps are available too, from Netflix to Hulu and much more. Up to 10 hours of battery life ensures all day fun.
Books, videos, games, and all other kinds of media look great on the Fire HD 8's HD (1280 x 800) display, and dual stereo speakers with Dolby Audio technology ensure that every piece of audio content sounds crystal-clear. Teens will also love the hands-free Alexa capabilities. They can make video calls to friends using the front-facing camera and use the AI assistant to inquire about sports scores, weather, homework or music.
Amazon Fire HD 8 Review
Best Gaming Mouse: Logitech G502 Proteus Spectrum
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Is your teen a competitive computer gamer? Do they play intense shooters such as Overwatch, Rainbow Six: Siege or Call Of Duty? Want to make sure they're not screaming over losing matches by giving them an extra competitive edge with one of the most powerful gaming mice on the market?
The Logitech G502 Proteus Spectrum is a mouse made for competitive online first person shooters. It features an advanced optical gaming sensor designed by Logitech that makes it their most accurate and responsive mouse to date. It comes with customizable weights that can be placed under the mouse to conform to the perfect fit and feel. DPI settings are customizable, too, allowing for 200 to 12,000 DPI to adjust for any intense gaming situation for primed sensitivity.
The Logitech G502 also includes customizable lighting, surface tuning and button macros. Your teen can change its color scheme and lighting frequencies with its included Logitech Gaming Software application. It's compatible only with Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8 and Windows 7 operating systems.
Best Gaming Headphones: ASTRO Gaming A40 TR Headset
Maybe there's too much noise coming from your teen's room? But there's a way to keep their noisy TV or computer volume down when they're playing a video game and that's be investing in the ASTRO Gaming A40 TR Headset (one of the best out right now).
The ASTRO Gaming A40 TR Headset features pro quality audio designed specifically for pro gamer. It's designed to give clarity to every detail at every frequency and volume level. It comes with Dolby Surround 7.1 technology, as well as a Dolby Headphone output, which allows for clarity in sound (those gunshots might sound a bit too real) and voice chat, so your teen can politely disagree with opponents.
The ASTRO is lightweight and features an ergonomic design intended with the user's comfort in mind. It's adjustable and won't cause your teen any neck cramps or blown out eardrums. It's compatible with the Windows and Mac operating systems and comes with two models used for either the PlayStation 4 or Xbox One.
Best Gaming Laptop: Alienware AW15R3-3831SLV
The ultimate gaming system isn't always a PlayStation or Xbox, but a computer. Alienware is famous for making some of the best gaming laptops on the market that any teen could die for. The AW15R3-3831SLV is Alienware's latest in powerhouse laptops; it's sure enough to be relevant for more than half a decade, so you don't have to worry about buying anything else for your teen.
The AW15R3-3831SLV features a 15" FHD 120Hz display and boasts an Intel Core i7-6700HQ 3.5 GHz processor with an NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 and 6GB GDDR5 graphics memory. In other words, this means it can play virtually any video game in existence for the next five years. Your teen won't be complaining about game speed either, as the laptop comes included with 16GB DDR4 RAM with a 32GB maximum. The 128GB SD drive with a 1TB 7200RPM means countless data storage and immediate program launches without the wait.
Want to pair it with the HTC VIVE? It comes VR-ready and supports the highest video output of a 4K HD resolution. The powerful laptop includes a pre-installed Windows 10 operating system. Customers who own the product say it's one of the best gaming laptops on the market. More critical ones mention that building a PC desktop is cheaper and initial setup can take time.
Best Robot Kit: Robot Kit: Makeblock mBot Kit
The machines are taking over! In a few years, machine learning and programming will become one of the hottest and most lucrative careers in existence. What better way to set your teen up by giving them a toy that teaches them to build their own robot all while learning a valuable skill?
The Makeblock mBot Kit comes with everything you need to build a Bluetooth-operated robot. This educational kit is perfect for any teen that wants to become familiarized with graphical programming, electronics and robotics, but doesn't know where to start. Teens will get their chance at building their robots by assembling 32 included parts, use drag and drop graphical programming and explore and customize various functionalities.
The Makeblock can be programmed as a car that avoids obstacles and an in-line following vehicle. It can even be played with in programmable games such as soccer and sumo wrestling. With its "infinite extensibility," your teen can add on their old Lego blocks to the mBot's mechanical body and further develop functionality with the Arduino open source eco-system that allows for endless possibilities in robot building. Just make sure your teen doesn't build the T-1000 from Terminator 2.
Tested by
We bought two top-rated portable electronics for teens that our reviewers tested for 60 hours. We asked our testers to consider the most important features when using these portable electronics, from their capabilities to their price. We've outlined the key takeaways here so that you, too, know what to look for when shopping.
What to Look for in Portable Electronics for Teens
Type of gadget - There are all kinds of portable electronics you can buy for your teen. The question is what will they be interested in? If gaming is a hobby, then there are a few options, from a Nintendo Switch to a new gaming laptop. If they enjoy the outdoors, a drone might be a fun gadget to have.
Price - As you can imagine, prices vary depending on the type of gadget you choose, and you can spend a lot of money on a simple gift. If you're not interested in dropping hundreds of dollars on the teen in your life, there are definitely less expensive options, such as e-readers and headphones, that you can opt for instead of pricier items.
Your own interests - If you're buying this portable electronic for your own teen, don't be afraid to take your interests into account. Are you hoping that the gadget will help you and your teen connect? If so, make sure it's over a shared hobby, such as reading or gaming. Or perhaps choose an item like a drone, which is something you both can learn to use together.
Test Results: Nintendo Switch (Best Video Game System)
Good screen size
Long battery life
Very little storage space
Our testers praised the Nintendo Switch for its lightweight feel, ideal size, and entertaining games: "It's like having a modern Game Boy but with better games and graphics," one of our reviewers declared. Another plus? "It is amazing that you can use it on the TV as well," gushed one of our testers. According to one of our reviewers, the only real negative is the storage space and the fact that you'll need to buy a memory card for the games you download. But based on its selection of games, ease of use, and overall quality, our testers thought the device was a great buy. "For a casual gamer, you don't need any other consoles," one of our reviewers revealed.
Test Results: HTC Vive (Best Virtual Reality System)
Super immersive
Nice selection of games
Requires a lot of space
Not wireless
Difficult to adjust headset
The HTC Vive came highly recommended by our testers for teens who are very into new technology and looking to get into VR. "The amount of immersion in it is great, and allow many experiences that I have not done before," one of our reviewers said of the device. While one of our testers called the setup "relatively straightforward," he also warned that it takes a good deal of time and effort to play around with the settings to really get it to work correctly. Difficulty adjusting the headset and the fact that the wire could get in the way were also downsides, according to our reviewers. However, with a "vibrant" display quality and good sound, as well as a wide selection of games and experiences available (both free and paid), "[it's] a very cool toy," according to one of our testers.
Sony PlayStation VR Review
The 8 Best PlayStation 4 Headsets of 2019
The 8 Best Logitech Headsets of 2019
The 7 Best Robotics for Kids in 2019
The 8 Best Virtual Reality Headsets of 2019
Oculus Quest Review
The 9 Best HTC Vive Games of 2019
The 9 Best Wireless Gaming Headsets of 2019
The 7 Best FPS Mice of 2019
The 7 Best Phones for Gaming in 2019
The 7 Best Trackball Mice of 2019
The 8 Best PC Gaming Accessories of 2019
The 7 Best Current Gaming Consoles of 2019
The 11 Best Electronic Toys for Kids in 2019
The 7 Best Laptops for Video Editing in 2019

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To those in the business of hip hop, the team of All Natural (Tone b. Nimble and capital D), isn't a new alliance. Separately, the two gained a reputation as b-boys in the early 90's. Tone's proficiency came in the way of his turntable skills and ability to create beats, while capital D was known as a wordsmith whose writing talents were as impressive as his delivery. They hooked up to combine their skills and, in the words of Positive K, formed a "good combination." In the mid 90's All Natural, hooked up with Wild Pitch Records. At the time, Wild Pitch was a well respected rap label, home to some of hip hop's leading acts including Main Source, The Coup, Ultramagnetic M.C.'s and Lord Finesse. What All Natural didn't know was that Wild Pitch was on the verge of losing its distribution and backing. Shortly before All Natural's debut was due to drop, Wild Pitch closed their doors and left them without a label. The experience was enough to prompt the All Natural pair to start their own label, All Natural Inc.. "50 Years," their debut single, became a huge success. It was called by Trace magazine "one of the most beautiful hip hop cuts of 1997," and stands strongly as one of the label's best selling records. Refusing to rest on their laurels, the band upped the ante and released 2 more 12" singles, "Phantoms of the Opera" and "It's O.K." before issuing their full-length debut, No Additives, No Preservatives. Accompanied by the book Fresh Air, No Additives, No Preservatives became a huge underground success . The innovative book has lyrics, political and social essays, and drawings created by capital D. Sales for the label and their titles are now well over 50,000 records, however more important has been the growth of the Family Tree. The Family Tree is an aptly named collective of Chicago artists dedicated to independent music-making. The crew all release records and 12"s on All Natural's label, and although their delivery styles are widely varied, they are all commonly bound by a commitment to independence, artistic freedom, and control. Self proclaimed non-conformist, All Natural run their label as a cooperative with the artists paying a 50% profit share. The decision to split Second Nature between Fat Beats (LP) and Thrill Jockey (CD0 further demonstrates their non conformist approach. Although Thrill Jockey has distributed all the band's records, they have never released a hip hop LP. All Natural have combined the hip hop distribution power of Fat Beats with Thrill Jockey's commitment to artistic freedom into a release that is tailored to the music and the group's philosophy. Second Nature is the band's second full-length recording and shows no sign of the dreaded "sophomore jinx." In fact, the band comes off more as seniors than as sophomores. Their old-school vibe employs as much of 1988 as it does 2001, as is apparent by their beats, rhymes and scratches. As on No Additives, No Preservatives, Second Nature maintains the fundamental principals of hip-hop with insight, smooth deliveries and a deep array of sounds and samples, but also builds on the blocks already in place from their first record. Second Nature moves beyond the average underground b-boy thoughts of battling and freestyling and takes the band to the next level. The beats are as varied as the delivery of capital D and guests such as Slug (of Atmosphere), J.U.I.C.E. and the Lone Catalysts. Their very personal style can be playful or thought-provoking, but is always Chicago flavored. The album is appropriately titled, because making classics is "second nature" to All Natural.
Second Nature (Long Sleeve)


Idaho Digital Learning offers various formats of supplemental course offerings giving students the opportunity to choose the best option for their preferred learning.
Cohort courses are offered on a 12 week or 16 week schedule with predetermined start and end dates which closely follow traditional school calendars, with the exception of a 6 week Driver Education course that is offered throughout the year. In this setting, students move through the course material with their peers. Academy courses are delivered 100% asynchronously so students can take their courses at any time of the day and from anywhere they have internet access. Cohort courses provide ample opportunity for students to interact with their teacher and with their peers.
Flex courses are designed to be delivered on a flexible schedule that is driven by the student needs. These self-paced courses allow students to work at their own speed and on their own schedule. Flex courses also allow students to be exempted from specific content if they are able to demonstrate mastery of that content through a unit pre-test. Students testing out of content would still need to complete the full unit post-test and any other assessment activities for the unit. Flex courses are fully online courses that are designed with additional flexibility of scheduling and pacing as compared to cohort courses.
Hybrid courses offer synchronous lectures and lessons to students via video conference as an opportunity for additional instruction, assessment, and practice in our traditional asynchronous courses. The blend of online and video conference provides authentic learning experiences in areas such as foreign languages, math, speech, and science. Hybrid courses foster an interactive learning environment reinforced with rich online activities offering students a high quality online learning experience. Please see your Site Coordinator for course options.


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Be the first to try Photoshop CC for iPad
By Jim McCauley published 14 May 19
Adobe needs people to test the iPad app we've all been waiting for.
Image: Adobe
No matter how many great iPad apps for designers are available, there's one glaring omission that holds the iPad back from being an essential portable design platform: Photoshop. Yes, there was Photoshop Touch, but we don't really like to talk about that; what we're all waiting for is a full-fat version – or near enough – of Photoshop CC that we can use anywhere.
Last year Adobe confirmed that it would be delivering a full version of Photoshop CC that enables you to edit PSD files on iPad with the same tools you're used to on desktop. And if you're wondering where it's got to, here's some great news: Adobe is now inviting sign-ups to test the beta version of Photoshop for iPad.
The iPad version promises all the core Photoshop tools you'd expect. Image: Adobe
From what we've heard about Photoshop for iPad so far, it's definitely going to be worth checking out. Adobe promises it's going to be the real Photoshop experience, using the same code as the desktop version and featuring all the core tools that you'd expect to be there. 'Core tools' is interesting phrasing; we'll be interested to see if new features such as the updated Sensei-powered Content-Aware Fill make it across to the iPad.
The best iPad Pro deals in 2019
One thing that's certain is that Photoshop for iPad won't look the same as the desktop version; instead Adobe intends to deliver a reimagined user experience that's optimised for touch devices and takes full advantage of the Apple Pencil and gestures. We're keen to see how that pans out.
Oh god, what if you say the wrong thing and they don't let you take part?
Assuming you're keen to get involved and be among the first to try out Photoshop on iPad, the application process couldn't be simpler. There's a Google form to fill out, and it only wants to know three things: your name, your email address and a brief explanation of why you want to test Photoshop on iPad. We love that last bit; it almost makes it feel like a competition. So think very carefully about what you're going to say before heading over to fill in the application form.
iPad Pro 12.9 review
How to run a design business with just an iPad
21 best painting and drawing apps for iPad
Jim McCauley
Jim McCauley is a writer, cat-wrangler and occasional street performer who's written for a multitude of publications over the past quarter of a century, including Creative Bloq, T3, PC Gamer and a whole load of long-dead print magazines.
Can you spot the red spoon in this perplexing TikTok?
Nintendo Switch vs Switch Lite: which should you buy?
Shocking Disney animation secret leaves the internet reeling


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China's fentanyl production, export fueling U.S. opioid crisis, Schumer says
China produces more than 90 percent of the world's supply of fentanyl, according to Sen. Schumer.
Sen. Chuck Schumer said China must crack down on its production and exportation of fantanyl into the United States on Sunday, May 13, 2018. Photo Credit: Getty Images / Alex Wong
By Alison Fox alison.fox@amny.com Updated May 14, 2018 9:23 AM
Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer called on China to prohibit the export of fentanyl, saying on Sunday that the country produces more than 90 percent of the world's supply of the drug.
Schumer said Chinese authorities turn a blind eye to manufacturers exporting fentanyl to the U.S. His announcement came amid ongoing trade negotiations between White House and Chinese officials.
"When it comes to our best chance at taking out fentanyl and its deadly path to the United States, it is really now or never," Schumer said in a statement. "For years, the federal government has been forced to react to the spread of fentanyl and the death toll it has taken in fueling the opioid scourge. Well, now, we have a real shot at addressing its source: China."
Safe drug injection sites endorsed by de Blasio
The aim is to curb overdose deaths and discourage drug users from using the drugs in public, according to a study.
Schumer said U.S. negotiators have an opportunity to pressure the Chinese government to prevent the drug from flowing over the border. He said fentanyl is often mislabeled or concealed with legitimate imports in order to get past U.S. Customs and Border Protection detection.
"This issue must be a major priority because too many lives have been lost and too many others are at stake, especially here in New York," he added.
Schumer said fentanyl is 50 to 100 times stronger than heroin. In 2016 alone, he said, CBP seized nearly 200 pounds of fentanyl and other synthetic opioids.
De Blasio administration sues opioid makers and distributorsThe lawsuit alleges manufacturers misrepresented the drugs' safety and efficacy. Schumer calls for portable drug detectors at airportsThe bill would authorize the use of drug-detection machines at key sites, like JFK airport.


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Despite media campaigns, stigma against mental illness is alive and well.
According to the Canadian Medical Association, only 49 per cent of Canadians say they would socialize with a friend who has a serious mental illness, and 27 per cent say they are fearful of being around those who suffer from mental illness.
In the modern world, mental illness is being treated differently than years ago, with more information available to the public, and sufferers being more open to speak about their struggles.
Efforts to end the stigmas attached to mental illness are helped by campaigns such as Bell Let's Talk, but online advocacy can give a false sense of having done anything to actually help.
As a sufferer of borderline personality disorder, depression, and anxiety, Mikayla Chaput believes that not everyone makes an effort beyond typing out a hashtag once a year.
When it comes to young people, their mental illnesses can often be overlooked as "just being hormonal" when it comes to illnesses such as anxiety and depression.
"I hate more than anything to hear or see people say that it's attention-based because it is so much more than that and people need to understand it," she says.
Dealing with the "ugly side" of mental illnesses is something the 19-year-old believes needs to be addressed more often.
Lisa Giroux, a worker for Canadian Mental Health Association knows what it's like to see her clients go through life with minimal to no support for their illnesses due to a lack of awareness from others.
Giroux also believes that the level of function and location of those who suffer mental illness affect how much people are willing to make an effort to understand.
"My clients are in a small community [Powassan, Ont.] and are very low-functioning. The people [in Powassan] are very understanding," says Giroux.
Like Giroux's higher functioning clients, two in three people "suffer in silence fearing judgement and rejection" according to the Canadian Medial Association, proving that stigma is part of the reason who those living with mental illnesses do not seek help.
The anti-stigma initiative of the Bell Let's Talk campaign operates under the belief that talking about ending stigma "is the first step towards lasting change," along with care and access, workplace health, and research.
Bell Let's Talk will take place on January 25 2016 with Bell donating five cents to mental health initiatives every time someone participates in one of the designated activities.
Added by Jess Roveda on January 26, 2016.


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Q: Merge 2x DOCX files into 1? I need to merge a whole bunch of docx files programatically. Imagine they are numbered 1 to 10. I essentially need a final.docx file that contains all 10 documents in it.
If I can append the second to the first somehow, then I can repeat it for the third, then fourth, etc.
Note that I do NOT need to rebuild a table of contents or anything like that. Each docx just has some static content in it. However there ARE footers on these documents, and they need to be preserved.
Preferably an answer in C# or MSBuild.
Thanking you.

A: I had made an application in C# to merge RTF files into one doc,Iam hopeful it should work for DOC and DOCX files as well.
        Word._Application wordApp;
        Word._Document wordDoc;
        object outputFile = outputFileName;
        object missing = System.Type.Missing;
        object vk_false = false;
        object defaultTemplate = defaultWordDocumentTemplate;
        object pageBreak = Word.WdBreakType.wdPageBreak;
        string[] filesToMerge = new string[pageCounter];
        filestoDelete = new string[pageCounter];

        for (int i = 0; i < pageCounter; i++)
        {
            filesToMerge[i] = @"C:\temp\temp" + i.ToString() + ".rtf";
            filestoDelete[i] = @"C:\temp\temp" + i.ToString() + ".rtf";
        }
        try
        {
            wordDoc = wordApp.Documents.Add(ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing);
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        Word.Selection selection= wordApp.Selection;

        foreach (string file in filesToMerge)
        {
            selection.InsertFile(file,
                ref missing,
                ref missing,
                ref missing,
                ref missing);

            selection.InsertBreak(ref pageBreak);
        }
        wordDoc.SaveAs(ref outputFile, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
               ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
               ref missing, ref missing);

Hope this helps!

A: Use Open XML Power Tools, described at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ericwhite/archive/2009/02/05/move-insert-delete-paragraphs-in-word-processing-documents-using-the-open-xml-sdk.aspx

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