There is never an easy time to be faced with the decision of moving your loved one out of their home and into a care home. Home is where people can remain as independent as possible in familiar settings, where they are close to friends and family and are able to reside in a place of treasured memories.
At Wellbeing Homecare, we offer an extremely practical alternative to moving your loved one into a care home. Our Live In Care Service offers one-to-one, highly personalised, reliable and flexible support and care in the comfort of your loved ones home.
Following contribution from you, your loved one and other professionals involved in your care, we construct a highly personalised detailed care plan which is delivered by a CareGiver who will live in your home. Providing the constant and consistent support that you require.
Your care plan is carefully tailored to your needs by understanding your lifestyle and daily routines, ensuring you or your loved one can live the life the way that you want it. Here at Wellbeing Homecare we ensure you have utmost control and independence.
Our CareGivers are here to support you with domestic duties, personal care and to provide you with companionship in order to prevent isolation and the feeling of loneliness, whilst maintaining your dignity and respect.
Copyright ©2019 Wellbeing Homecare Services Ltd.


Attorney Steve Telford and his fiancée, Valerie Clark, have opened Telford Law and AP Consultants in Nampa.
Telford has more than 27 years of legal experience, focusing on wealth preservation planning with an emphasis on asset protection through entity and trust structuring. He is a member of the Boise Estate Planning Council, the Offshore Institute and the Idaho State Bar's Taxation, Probate and Trust Law Section. He has previously served as president, vice president and secretary for the Eastern Idaho Estate Planning Council. He has lectured and published articles regarding asset protection planning and wealth preservation planning.
Clark will serve as office administrator and will manage the office's business aspects. The pair have worked together for the past several years in Telford's Boise office. The new office is located at 1303 12th Ave. South in Nampa.


text:
Scarlet Shop
HomeNEWSWINTERAGE – 'ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE' VIDEO AVAILABLE
WINTERAGE – 'ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE' VIDEO AVAILABLE
Symphonic power metal band Winterage have released a video for the song 'Orpheus and Eurydice', in coincidence with the official release of their new album 'The Inheritance Of Beauty'.
Watch the video here: https://youtu.be/l9PqCf5b2no
This is how the band commented: "The song displays the wide spectrum of sounds and influences within Winterage's music: from power metal to opera singing, violin melodies, folk interludes and symphonic orchestrations. It tells the ancient story of Orpheus and his descent into hell in the presence of Hades, in order to bring his wife Eurydice back to life. The video climax is reached during their ascension to earth while he turns his glance to her (quoting 'The Metamorphoses' by Ovid)".
Featuring Fiamma Odorico as Eurydice, the videoclip was directed and edited by Giancarlo Galante (VisionAir Production).
WINTERAGE
BAND OF SPICE – NEW ALBUM 'BY THE CORNER OF TOMORROW' OUT IN SPRING
ODD DIMENSION – 'THE BLUE DAWN' DETAILS REVEALED
WINTERAGE – 'OF HEROES AND WANDERS' LYRIC VIDEO AVAILABLE
Symphonic power metal band Winterage have released a lyric video for the song 'Of Heroes And Wanders', taken from their new album 'The Inheritance Of Beauty'. https://youtu.be/Q9xPlNbN69c Having previously released the critically acclaimed debut album 'The Harmonic Passage' (2015) and shared READ MORE
WINTERAGE – 'THE INHERITANCE OF BEAUTY' VIDEOCLIP AVAILABLE
Symphonic power metal band Winterage have released a video for the song 'The Inheritance of Beauty' – the titletrack of their second album released by Scarlet Records last January. https://youtu.be/5sqFpSLr9jU This is how the band READ MORE
© 2000 – 2022 SCARLETRECORDS.COM - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - P.I. IT-12516200156

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Basically a mini jaws of life for all things household. The Ryobi 18 Volt One+ Bolt Cutter can cut through the hefty, tough things you almost thought were impossible.
Introducing the Ryobi bolt cutters with forged steel jaws. Battery operated power and capable of cutting materials like chains, locks, bolts, fencing, wire shelving and more.
Not only can this bolt cutter cut through tons of hefty items but it uses the same Ryobi 18V One+ battery you probably already have on hand. Today I'm using the lithium-ion 6.0 Ah high capacity battery. This lithium battery is capable of handling more demanding applications and is equipped with HP technology which allows it to communicate with the brushless tools to maximize performance.
Once you get your first taste of the Ryobi bolt cutters you will be running around finding things to cut, it's just so easy and so much fun. The design is similar to using a reciprocating saw, you can see exactly what you are cutting.
The hot forged steel jaws chomp down through metal chains, locks and chain link fencing. The jaws are replaceable should you dull the blades with so much cutting.
The sleek design is extremely user friendly and minimizes hand and arm fatigue. To operate the jaws there are separate forward and reverse buttons for precision cutting control and repetitive cuts.
This Ryobi 18V bolt cutter cut through chain with ease. Using the high capacity battery allows you to get up to 200 cuts per charge! I hope you never have to make 200 cuts in one sitting.
But if you do then of course you definitely want the Ryobi bolt cutters. It fits perfectly on those very common white wire shelving racks.
Ever forget the combination for the lock? loose the key? or just plain need to get in and can't wait around? Ryobi bolt cutter to the rescue!
Cutting a padlock like butter. The Ryobi 18V bolt cutter and lithium high capacity battery are definitely a worthwhile investment if you have hefty things to cut.


Midstate Spring is a spring manufacturing company here in the USA and has created some of the highest quality springs for over 75 years.
Midstate Spring was looking for a full rebrand of their current identity and a total re-haul of their website.
Our solution was to design a strong and versatile identity that would resonate with the precision and craftsmanship of the products Midstate Spring offers. Along with a total rebrand, we were tasked with designing and developing a completely new website that would provide a more efficient and effective user experience for both new and existing customers.


Did you know that January is National Oatmeal Month? For many people taking on fresh healthy habits in the New Year, we think this is the perfect opportunity to reset and learn about the power of the oat! After all, the holiday season is filled with foods that you may not normally eat – or at least not as much at one time – and the many treats and indulgences that can take their toll on your digestive health.
Our gut is often referred to as our "second brain," and anyone who has suffered from poor digestive health knows how much control our gut can have over our lives, from bloating to irregularity. One of the best ways to get back on track – and to support your gut – is to add in more whole grains and fiber. As a good source of fiber and 100% whole grain, oats are a great place to start: one serving (1/2 cup dry oats) provides 4 grams of fiber.
Join Quaker in celebrating all things oatmeal, and get your gut off to a good start in 2018 with these fiber-focused recipes – and check out our RD Toolkit!


text:
Q: CSS Background color of a textbox to be applied only to text I have two text boxes overlapping one another. The first text box, 'TextBox1', is defined by user input. The second, 'TextBox2', is populated by an AutoComplete functionality. My goal is to have the background of the first text box to be white ONLY for the text that has been typed so that the resulting 'TextBox2' only displays the remainder of the account name that gets returned.
Example: User types "ut tr" and the AutoComplete that gets stored in 'TextBox2' becomes:
 "UT Training". I have a text transform to capitalize the first letter of each word so after the transform (as the user types) "Ut Tr".
When the input is overlapped with the results that are in 'TextBox2' the two do no match because of the difference in the case of the letter. This can cause major cosmetic problems in other examples.
So, if the background of the text for the input textbox, 'TextBox1', could be white, then the user would only see what they've typed, and the remainder of the Autocomplete.
Thanks for any help! This is my first post so I apologize if I've unknowingly done anthing taboo.
Here is a link to a video that shows how this looks: http://screencast.com/t/ef6dBJyU2X14

A: You can check how many characters are now inputted by user, by something similar to:
$('#myInput').on('keydown', function() {
    inputLength = $(this).val().length
});

And after that change color of the first N = inputLength characters in your auto complete to white. Probably, using substring:
substring(0, inputLength);

A: You can add a class to your input and apply a CSS styling for that like;
.someclass{
    color:#FFF;
    background-color:#FFF;
    border: solid 1px #000;
}
<input type="text" class="someclass">

Here is a working Live Demo.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Therefore please do not place any reliance on the information given. If you do so this will be entirely at your own risk. Quality Solicitors Organisation Ltd ('QS') and all QualitySolicitors Lockings law firms, exclude all liability (to the extent permitted by law) for any losses suffered by you whether directly or indirectly as a result of or arising from your use of this website.


Black sommelier apron with 5 front pockets. One size, adjustable. This apron will add a professional touch to your wine presentations.
Product Description THIS BLACK-COLOURED APRON IS HIGHLY PRACTICAL FOR ALL YOUR GARDENING ACTIVITIES. ONE SIZE, ADJUSTABLE.


text:
var Promise = require('prfun');
var cp = require('child_process');
var path = require('path');
var mw = require('../');

var IP = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'ip');
var server;

Promise.resolve().then(function() {
  console.log('Installing npm packages...');
  return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    cp.spawn('npm', ['install'], {
      cwd: IP,
      stdio: 'inherit',
    }).on('close', resolve).on('error', reject);
  });
}).then(function(code) {
  if (code !== 0) {
    throw new Error('`npm install` failed with exit code: ' + code);
  }
}).then(function() {
  // Start up our server on a random port.
  var res, rej;
  var p = new Promise(function(_res, _rej) { res = _res; rej = _rej; });
  server = mw.runServer({
    serverName: 'localhost',
    serverPort: 0,
    enableTests: true,
  });
  server.on('listening', res);
  server.on('error', rej);
  return p;
}).then(function() {
  // Ok, now run the tests!
  return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    var env = Object.create(process.env);
    env.MW_SERVER = 'http://localhost:' + server.address().port;
    env.MW_SCRIPT_PATH = '/w';
    cp.spawn('node_modules/.bin/grunt', ['qunit'], {
      cwd: IP,
      stdio: 'inherit',
      env: env,
    }).on('close', resolve).on('error', reject);
  });
}).then(function(code) {
  if (code !== 0) {
    throw new Error('`grunt qunit` failed with exit code: ' + code);
  }
}).finally(function() {
  // One way or the other, shut down the server.
  server.close();
}).then(function() {
  console.log('Success!');
}).done();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Blackhawks 2018-19 Player Grades: Duncan Keith
By John Aubert
CHICAGO, IL - MARCH 26: Duncan Keith /
It's no secret that Duncan Keith isn't the same defenseman he used to be. He's 35 and entering his 14th NHL season, which is pretty remarkable, to say the least. However, over time, he has declined and it will continue.
Duncan Keith is still a fan favorite considering he's been with this team through thick and thin. He has been the hero for the Chicago Blackhawks numerous times in his career, but now he's seen as the villain in some cases.
Hear me out, Keith really isn't as bad as people portray him to be. Yes, he's somewhat slowing down as the NHL is speeding up, but it doesn't make him a bad guy. This season, fans put Keith on blast for not showing up when needed and for being "mediocre" defensively. However, what If I told you Keith is actually progressing from his horrific season in 2017-18?
Octopus Thrower
NHL Twitter reacts as Lightning strike twice as Stanley Cup championsFanSided
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2021 Stanley Cup Playoffs: Complete Week 7 RoundupRink Royalty
Joe Biden makes friendly wager with Justin Trudeau over Stanley Cup Finals 2021FanSided
Misconceived Blame Sent His Way
Keith had an awful year in 2017-18. In a forgettable season, Keith had a miserable 2 goals and 30 assists in 82 games, while posting a career-low minus-29. This is just a year after finishing fourth in voting for the James Norris Memorial Trophy, for best defenseman in 2016-17. It was a year full of blame, and he rightfully deserved it.
However, the 2018-19 season was actually a step up for Keith. In a full 82 game season, he posted 6 goals and 34 assists for 40 points on the year, as well as a weak overtime goal against the Colorado Avalanche. Not to mention, he improved his plus/minus, achieving a plus-13.
Yes, Duncan Keith had bad games. Which player didn't this season? With the coaching shift, Keith had to adjust to a new gameplan with Jeremy Colliton. He was paired with Erik Gustafsson for most of the year as the teams' top defensive line, which was nothing short of putting numbers on the board.
To say Keith played terribly would be an exaggeration. As previously mentioned, he's 35. Any significant comeback from the 2017-18 season is crucial for his play, as it certainly affected his confidence.
The biggest worry about his game right now should be his average ice-time. In the past three seasons, Keith's ATOI has dramatically gone down by 2:36. This season specifically, he averaged 23:01, which was a 49-second drop from the 2017-18 season. That's big, considering Keith has long been the Blackhawks' top defender for a number of years, logging 25-plus minutes of average ice-team per season during the Stanley Cup contending years.
Overall, Keith isn't as bad as people say he is. He's doing his best to come back and return to his elite form. With that being said, he's certainly good trade bait. Proving to be able to still log 23-plus minutes and score 40-points in a season as a veteran is remarkable, and he'd aid a contending team. However, it remains to be seen whether or not the Blackhawks would trade a beloved player like Keith.
In summary, I'm giving Keith a player grade of C+. He wasn't phenomenal this year, but the age factor, as well as his diminished ice-time, have proven he isn't the player he used to be. Nonetheless, Duncan Keith still has our respect.


text:
package com.griddynamics.jagger.engine.e1.collector;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;

import java.util.List;

import static com.griddynamics.jagger.util.StandardMetricsNamesUtil.STANDARD_DEVIATION_AGGREGATOR_ID;

/** Calculates standard deviation on the interval
 * @author Nikolay Musienko
 *
 * @ingroup Main_Aggregators_group */
public class StdDevMetricAggregatorProvider implements MetricAggregatorProvider {

    /** Method is called to provide instance of private class: \b StdDevMetricAggregator that implements @ref MetricAggregator<C extends Number> and calculates standard deviation on interval */
    @Override
    public MetricAggregator provide() {
        return new StdDevMetricAggregator();
    }

    private static  class StdDevMetricAggregator implements MetricAggregator<Number> {

        List<Number> points = null;

        private double getMean() {
            double sum = 0;

            for (Number d : points) {
                sum += d.doubleValue();
            }
            return sum / points.size();

        }

        @Override
        public void append(Number calculated) {
            if (points == null)
                points = Lists.newLinkedList();

            points.add(calculated);
        }

        @Override
        public Number getAggregated() {
            if (points == null)
                return null;

            double mean = getMean();
            double sum = 0;

            for (Number d : points) {
                sum += (d.doubleValue() - mean) * (d.doubleValue() - mean);
            }

            return Math.sqrt(sum / points.size());
        }

        @Override
        public void reset() {
            points = null;
        }

        @Override
        public String getName() {
            return STANDARD_DEVIATION_AGGREGATOR_ID;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "StdDevMetricAggregator{" +
                    "points=" + points +
                    '}';
        }
    }
}


Diamond Heart Pendant, Light Champagne color K-M 1.52 Carats 14 kt. Yellow gold.
KCRW's all-music channel Eclectic24, blending the collected talents and tastes of KCRW's DJs into a single voice. Free music streaming 24/7 at KCRW.com.
Madeleine Brand hosts Press Play, examining the latest ideas and trends shaping our world and Los Angeles. Streaming & podcast daily at KCRW.com.
Travis Holcombe Lost un-classics, playful electronics, spine snapping breaks and a quirky selection of mind-melting grooves by the pound. Served fresh weekly.
3.48 Ct Heart Shape Green Simulated Emerald 14K Yellow gold Earrings – a proud sponsor of the MCM.


text:
Law and Spanish LLB (Hons)
UCAS CODE: MR13
The University of Bristol Law School is a centre for intellectually demanding, research-informed legal education. We aim to produce accomplished, well-rounded and enquiring graduates with a rich, ethically grounded appreciation of law in business and society.Bristol is also a major centre for the study of modern languages and cultures. On this four-year joint honours course you will study Spanish language, linguistics, literature, history and culture to degree level alongside your core units in law. This provides you with a valuable skill set, ideally tailored to the globalised workplace.You will also have the opportunity to spend your third year at a Spanish university. During this year abroad, you will study units in Spanish law. Visit our Global Opportunities website (https://www.bristol.ac.uk/global-opportunities/) to find out where you can study in Spain.In your final year, you will undertake an extended piece of legal research.All applicants must sit the National Admissions Test for Law (LNAT) before the relevant deadline. Details are available on the LNAT website. Please refer to the Admissions Statement below for further information about LNAT.All our law courses satisfy the degree requirements laid down by the Bar Standards Board.Please note that the routes to qualification as a solicitor in England and Wales are changing. Based on current information, the changes will likely affect all those commencing their law degrees from September 2021 onwards, if they wish to qualify as a solicitor. The latest information on these changes can be found on the Law School website or on the Solicitors Regulation Authority website. There is currently no indication that the Bar Standards Board (BSB), the body that regulates barristers, will change its academic requirements for qualification as a barrister.
Scottish Advanced Higher
Cambridge International Pre-U Certificate - Principal
Welsh Baccalaureate - Advanced Skills Challenge Certificate (first teaching September 2015)
A level : AAB - A*AA
Standard offer: A*AA or A*A*B including minimum B in SpanishContextual offer: ABB including B in Spanish. Please visit: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/entry-requirements-qualifications/contextual-offers/ for more information about contextual offers.
University of Bristol, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, England
Iberian Languages
19th out of 103 5


text:
Q: Ruby on Rails: time_select default value I have been looking for a solution for this problem for hours. There are plenty of recommendations even here on stackoverflow and I tried all of them but none of them work in my case and I don't know why.
I have the current version of RoR [4.1.5] running on my server and I have a form in which the user has to select a "time from" and a "time to" value.

<%= f.label :Time %>

<%= f.time_select :timefrom, {minute_step: 60} %> to <%= f.time_select :timeto, {minute_step: 60} %>

I get the default values from the database. In order to fetch them, I just collect the last time value which has been entered. Which usually is a timeframe of 1 hour:
<% changetimeto = (Production.select("timeto").last.timeto).strftime("%H:%M")   %>
<% changetimefrom = (Production.select("timeto").last.timeto + 3600).strftime("%H:%M")  %>

So I tried:
<%= f.time_select :timefrom, {minute_step: 60}, :selected => changetimeto %> to <%= f.time_select :timeto, {minute_step: 60}, :selected => changetimefrom %>

or :value => or :default =>
but nothing seems to work, it doesn't even give me an error. I checked the variables in changetimeto and changetimefor and they have the right value, its like "14:00" and "15:00". But as I said, it doesn't do anything.
I also tried to address hours and minutes separately with :default => {hours: '14', minutes: '00'}, etc. but that also doesn't work, not even causing an error. Just nothing. It still defaults to the actual time.
Does anyone have a recommendation or hint for me?

A: Defaults in time_select (for those who've not been following the comment thread) work like this:
<%= time_select :name, 'method', {options}, {:default => {:hour => '10', :minute => '30'}} %>

If we want the time select to default to 10:30.

A: f.time_select :start, default: Time.current.change(hour: 9, min: 0)

or
f.time_select :start, default: {hour: 9, min: 0}

ref: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/94b5cd3a20edadd6f6b8cf0bdf1a4d4919df86cb/actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/tags/date_select.rb#L44


text:
Home » Actos – How it Works, Warnings, Complications » Actos Recall
About Actos
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
Legal Infomation
Actos Lawsuits
MDL and Class Actions
Settlements – Trial & Verdicts
Bone Fracture
Lactic Acidosis
Symptoms and Treatment
Bladder Cancer Surgery
Prevalence and Prognosis
Section GuideBackground InformationAbout ActosRecall InformationFDA WarningsTakeda Pharmaceutical CompanyLegal InfomationActos LawsuitsHiring a LawyerMDL and Class Actions Settlements - Trial & VerdictsSide EffectsActos Side EffectsHeart FailureBone FractureLactic AcidosisBladder CancerBladder CancerSymptoms and TreatmentBladder Cancer SurgeryPrevalence and PrognosisMedicalType 2 Diabetes
Actos Recall
Actos (generic: pioglitazone) is prescribed for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes – a condition where the pancreas produces insulin, but does not sufficiently process it or produce the levels necessary to regulate the body's blood sugar levels. Actos is part of a larger family of medications known as "thiazolidinediones", commonly known as TZD medications. Despite the drug's popularity among those with Type 2 diabetes, recent medical studies demonstrate a significant causal link between the drug and serious, even life-threatening side effects, including bladder cancer, heart failure, bone fractures, liver damage, and eye problems.
The magnitude of the potential side effects of Actos has sparked controversy both in the U.S. and abroad as more patients cry foul on the part of Takeda Pharmaceuticals and demand the announcement of an Actos recall.
Preliminary lab tests of the drug, conducted by Takeda before its approval by the FDA, demonstrated a significant link to bladder cancer. Despite the known potential for risk, the drug ultimately received FDA approval in 1999, and by 2007 was the most commonly prescribed diabetes medication, generating over $5 billion for Takeda in annual sales.
Actos recall – risk of bladder cancer prompts action abroad
After studying adverse event reports from Actos patients all over the world, the French Medicines Agency (or AFSAAPS) conducted an international safety study of the drug. According to the study, it found that people who take Actos have a 22% greater chance of developing bladder cancer than those who have never taken it. As a result of these findings, the country implemented a country-wide Actos recall in June 2011. Though patients were advised to continue treatment unless otherwise advised by their doctors, the drug was removed from pharmacy shelves and physicians ordered to stop writing new prescriptions.
The recall of Actos in France prompted the European Medicines Agency to review and analyze the source material relied upon by the French. Soon, German regulators instructed physicians to stop prescribing the drug to its patients until further research was conducted. The medical communities in both countries concurred about the link between Actos and bladder cancer.
Despite the successful efforts to limit the drug's availability in Europe, similar action has not been taken in the United States. The FDA must first establish a "reasonable probability" that the drug will cause "serious adverse health consequences or death" before the agency will consider an Actos recall here.
FDA updates Actos warning label
In 2011, the FDA required Takeda to update the Actos warning label. The update is aimed at warning patients who have taken Actos for more than one year about the link between Actos and bladder cancer. The updated safety information also advises physicians to avoid prescribing Actos to patients with a personal and/or family history of bladder cancer.
The FDA's actions to strengthen the Actos warning label were based upon the preliminary results of its own ongoing ten-year study of the drug. The study is currently examining the alleged causal link between Actos and bladder cancer. According to the interim analysis of that ongoing study, the agency has established an increased likelihood of receiving a bladder cancer diagnosis for those who have taken Actos in high doses or, have taken the drug for a period of more than a year. Medical researchers participating in that study suggest that the likelihood of receiving a bladder cancer diagnosis while taking Actos under those conditions is as high as 40%.
Until researchers conclude their 10 year study or establish the threshold level of probability to institute a recall of Actos, the medication will continue to be made available to patients with the requisite updated warnings.
Allegations in the growing number of lawsuits filed against Takeda Pharmaceuticals consistently point to the proactive measures taken by France and Germany as evidence that Actos is a dangerous drug that warrants similar action be taken in the United States. Actos litigants believe that the FDA has not acted quickly enough to address the growing number of bladder cancer cases and other health complications associated with the use of the drug.
Over 2,500 Actos lawsuits have been consolidated as multidistrict litigation No. 2299 in the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana, under the direct management of the Honorable Rebecca Doherty. The Actos MDL cases all share common allegations including a causal link between treatment with Actos and bladder cancer diagnosis; that Takeda concealed their knowledge of the risks associated with taking Actos; and that the company failed to warn the public and health care professionals about those risks. The first "bellwether" MDL case is expected to reach trial in January 2014.
Takeda continues to make the drug available to patients in the United States and denies all liability with respect to the legal claims it faces.
FDA Drug Safety Communication: Update to ongoing safety review of Actos (pioglitazone), http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm259150.htm
Another Study Links Diabetes Drug Actos to Bladder Cancer, http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2012/07/03/another-study-links-diabetes-drug-actos-to-bladder-cancer
Med Page Today, Cancer Risk Forces Actos Off French, German Markets, http://www.medpagetoday.com/Endocrinology/Diabetes/26987
CBS News, Actos banned in Europe after diabetes drug tied to cancer, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504763_162-20070492-10391704.html
Actos News
Over 1,000 New Hernia Mesh Lawsuits Filed in Federal Court
J&J Talc Powder Supplier Files for Bankruptcy Protection in Midst of Lawsuits
Contaminated Valsartan Sparks Class Action Lawsuit
Sample post


text:
Category Archives: Stage
Summer of the Play
Since we've been in Crystal Lake (it was two years last month), I've nicknamed our summers. Our first summer was The Summer of the Move, and didn't really count as summer since we got out here in late June and spent the following two months unpacking, settling in, and trying to avoid the 18,000,000 mosquitoes that had made our backyard their home.
Our first picture in front of our first house!
Last summer was The Summer of the Screenplay, because I worked on a horror screenplay with a former student of mine. I am 99.9% sure that it will ever be made (or read by anyone, ever), but it was a weird and interesting experience and now I can say that I've written a screenplay. A good screenplay? Well, let's just move on.
Roo oversees the screenplay writing process
This summer has been The Summer of the Play because this summer I've been rehearsing for a play that opened last night. (Do you notice how amazing my nicknames are? I am the most creative person you know!) The play is God of Carnage, and I wrote about it a bit last week. Here are my castmates and me, posing like happy, well-adjusted people:
Me and my GOC castmates (Photo Credit: Brian Bieschke Photography)
And here we are, being…not happy:
(Photo Credit: Brian Bieschke Photography)
Although we're four of the angriest, saddest, most frustrated people on stage, we've been having a hell of a lot of fun backstage.
A dressing room selfie with me and the amazing Shannon Mayhall
Our sound technician Paul and assistant stage director/"Monica"/clafouti server Danielle
Maggie comes in to give Patrick a haircut before final dress
And our comfortable, relaxed, and frequently silly backstage energy fed us last night, for the opening night of the show. Our ninety-seat black box theater space had an audience of about sixty, and let me tell you, they were terrific. They laughed and cringed and reacted visibly and audibly. It was a wonderful relief. I'd forgotten how funny this play is — our director and crew have sat through it about a dozen times; we're used to them, and during tech early this week they were much more concerned about lights, sound cues, and costuming than they were about laughing at us. But having a room full of strangers laugh where you want them to (and laugh where you don't expect them to) was new, fresh, and fantastic.
One of the audience members was Bill Geheren (a.k.a. Sir William), co-host of the 2 Dudes and The Duchess radio show on Huntley Community Radio, where we appeared last week to promote the play. And post-play, while some of the cast came to Camp Crystal Lake to eat, drink, and debrief about the performance, Sir William was writing a generous and flattering review of the show. It was lovely of him and we are grateful for his support.
Sir William, setting it all up
Sir William (Bill Geheren), The Duchess (Kate Curtin), and Franklin/Alan (Patrick Thompson)
Patrick, Bill, Kate, and Me, at Huntley Community Radio station
Trevor is coming to the show tonight with Mom and Dad Bork (he might try to sneak Roo in, too…). I told them to get to the theater early enough to enjoy a piece of clafouti, which will be served for the first twenty minutes that the house is open.
Apples and pears? Apples and Pears!!!!!!!!!
Danielle in the kitchen, serving up clafouti
If you're looking for something to do tonight or next weekend, come out to Camp Crystal Lake to see the show. It's only eighty minutes and you'll get to see me do things you have likely never seen me do before. Yes. You're intrigued. So make a reservation now.
This entry was posted in Stage and tagged 2 Dudes and the Duchess, Acting, Brian Bieschke Photography, Clafouti, God of Carnage, Huntley Community Radio on July 11, 2015 by lauraborkpower.
On the Radio (AGAIN!)
This morning I'll be on Huntley Community Radio for the second time this week!
Tune into 101.5 FM at 10 a.m., or pop onto the Huntley Community Radio website for the livestream.
And if you missed yesterday's God of Carnage promotion, listen to the 2 Dudes and The Duchess podcast from Monday!
And now make your reservations for the show — opening night is this Friday!
We're going on the Huntley Community Radio to promote God of Carnage, and you can listen, even if you're not in Huntley!
We'll be on 2 Dudes and The Duchess radio program Monday, July 6 at 10 a.m. and 8 p.m.
You can listen live at 101.5 FM, listen live through the HCR website, or listen later on the 2 Dudes and the Duchess podcast, available on iTunes, Pod Bean, or Mix Cloud. So many options!
In the studio at Huntley Community Radio
In a post a couple of weeks ago I mentioned the new play I'll be in, and now I'm going full out with some shameless self-promotion: come see my play; it opens on Friday, July 10!
The play we're doing is God of Carnage by French playwright Yasmina Reza. Reza's play won a Tony in 2009 and was adapted for film by Roman Polanski in 2011. The characters have been played by Ralph Fiennes, Ken Stott, Tamsin Greig, and Janet McTeer; James Gandolfini, Jeff Daniels, Marcia Gay Harden, and Hope Davis; John C. Riley, Christoph Waltz, Jodie Foster, and Kate Winslet. So the bar has been set pretty damned high.
It's a funny, brutal, and smart play, and I'm thrilled to be a part of it. I play Annette, a mother whose child has hit his schoolmate. I've brought my husband to apologize to the parents of the injured child, and the four of us have a…conversation. Of sorts. The pace is fast, the play is only about eighty minutes, and we volley the insults and aggressions back and forth like nasty little grenades.
Our cast, from left: Michael (Jay Geller), Veronica (Shannon Mayhall), Annette (me!), and Alan (Patrick Thompson) — Photo Credit Brian Bieschke
God of Carnage is the inaugural production for The Black Box Summer Theatre at McHenry County College. Typically, the college produces shows during the fall and the spring semesters, but the space is dark over the summer. This year, though, we're lighting it up!
The director, Kellee Stall, is the founder of Inhabit Theater Company, a company that "makes its stage wherever [they] go: empty houses for sale, warehouses, coffee shops and local businesses." Kellee directed Our Town at MCC in March 2013, so we already knew that she was talented. Working with her has proven that she works just as well with a small cast as she does with a large one, and as well with an American classic as with a contemporary work.
Kellee gives us post-rehearsal notes: Photo Credit Kate Curtin
This week we're in promotion mode: we were featured in today's Northwest Herald, and tomorrow we're taping an interview for the 2 Dudes and The Duchess radio show.
Northwest Herald "Play" Section — please notice we're sharing space with Channing Tatum.
You might have noticed that the picture in the paper features three of the four cast members, and that I'm missing. I was kind of bummed about it, so I decided to make a quick adjustment:
There I am! With my nephew Leo, who won't be in the play, but is super cute.
Opening night is next Friday (July 10), so get your tickets now (now!):
Friday, July 10 and Saturday, July 11, 7 p.m.
Sunday, July 19, 2 p.m.
Call 815.455.8746 or email jgeller[at]mchenry[dot]edu for tickets (only $12, what a steal!)
This entry was posted in Lake Life, School, Stage and tagged God of Carnage, MCC Summer Theatre, Theater, Yasmina Reza on July 2, 2015 by lauraborkpower.


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Association between Air Pollution and Suicide in South Korea: A Nationwide Study
Youngdon Kim ,
¶‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.
Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Woojae Myung ,
Hong-Hee Won,
Affiliation Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
Sanghong Shim,
Hong Jin Jeon,
Junbae Choi,
Bernard J. Carroll,
Affiliation Pacific Behavioral Research Foundation, Carmel, California, United States of America
Doh Kwan Kim
* E-mail: paulkim@skku.edu
Youngdon Kim,
Woojae Myung,
Youngdon Kim Woojae Myung ... Doh Kwan Kim
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Suggestive associations of suicide with air pollutant concentrations have been reported. Recognizing regional and temporal variability of pollutant concentrations and of suicide, we undertook a detailed meta-analysis of completed suicides in relation to 5 major pollutants over 6 years in the 16 administrative regions of the Republic of Korea, while also controlling for other established influences on suicide rates. Of the 5 major pollutants examined, ozone concentrations had a powerful association with suicide rate, extending back to 4 weeks. Over the range of 2 standard deviations (SD) around the annual mean ozone concentration, the adjusted suicide rate increased by an estimated 7.8% of the annual mean rate. Particulate matter pollution also had a significant effect, strongest with a 4-week lag, equivalent to 3.6% of the annual mean rate over the same 2 SD range that approximated the half of annual observed range. These results strongly suggest deleterious effects of ozone and particulate matter pollution on the major public health problem of suicide.
Citation: Kim Y, Myung W, Won H-H, Shim S, Jeon HJ, Choi J, et al. (2015) Association between Air Pollution and Suicide in South Korea: A Nationwide Study. PLoS ONE 10(2): e0117929. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117929
Academic Editor: Chon-Lin Lee, NSYSU, TAIWAN
Received: October 10, 2014; Accepted: January 2, 2015; Published: February 18, 2015
Copyright: © 2015 Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Data Availability: All relevant data are within the Supporting Information files.
Funding: This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI13C1590). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide and increasingly recognized as a serious public health problem [1–2]. The adverse effects of air pollution on general health are well known: air pollution contributes to excess mortality and increased hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular events [3–4]. Several studies have reported an association between suicide and air pollution. Air pollution is associated with increased emergency room visits for suicide attempts [5], and increased airborne concentration of particulate matter is associated with increased risk of completed suicide [6]. Also, a recent study in Taiwan found an influence of sulfur dioxide and ozone on suicide risk [7]. However, such reports have been inconsistent [6–7], possibly because these studies were conducted in limited geographic areas and did not consider some important covariates (e.g., celebrity suicide or economic variables) [8]. Here we report on a nationwide study in the Republic of Korea (ROK, population 50 million), testing for associations between 5 major air pollutants and suicide. Recognizing the wide geographic variability of air pollution, we conducted a meta-analysis of regional data, while also controlling for other established factors associated with suicide.
Regional suicide data
We obtained the daily number of completed suicide events in each of the 16 administrative regions of ROK over 6 years from January 1 2006 to December 31 2011. The data were thoroughly examined and verified by the Korea National Statistical Office (http://kostat.go.kr/portal/english). Data for those years were considered because contemporaneous daily regional air pollution data were available. Suicide data were extracted from death records defined as suicides according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) codes X60-X84, which include suicides from all causes, including intentional self-poisoning and self-harm [8]. Average national weekly suicide numbers from January 2001 through December 2005 also were computed so as to allow adjustment for seasonal variation [9]. We used population and housing census data to calculate the suicide rate per 10 million persons in each region.
Celebrity suicides
In order to control for the influence of celebrity suicides, we noted the periods following those events. We defined celebrity suicide as a suicide exposed during more than two weeks in news programs of the three major Korean national television networks (KBS, MBC and SBS) [8]. Eight suicides met the definition of celebrity suicide during the 6 years of this study. In addition, we defined the affected period as a month (30 days) after the first report of the celebrity suicide [8,10]. Time points within or partly within this 30-day window were coded 1, while all others were coded 0 on the celebrity variable.
Air pollution, economic and meteorological data
Daily regional air pollution data were obtained from the Korean Ministry of Environment (http://www.airkorea.or.kr/airkorea/eng/) during the study period. They provided comprehensive data from 251 sites in 79 cities or areas nationwide. These data were grouped according to the 16 administrative regions of ROK (a mean of 15.7 sites per administrative region). Averaged values for each region were used in the analyses. Five major air pollution variables were considered: ozone, PM-10 (Particulate Matter, particulates with size of 10 μm in diameter or smaller), nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. The daily meteorological data (sunlight hours and temperature) [11] were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA, http://web.kma.go.kr/eng). The economic data [12] including consumer price index, unemployment rate, and stock index valuations (Korea Composite Stock Price Index, KOSPI), were extracted from the Korea National Statistical Office. The end-of-week and holiday closing values of the KOSPI were carried forward to the next active trading day. The most recent monthly data for the consumer price index and the unemployment rate were used each day.
Our research analyzes existing data that are publicly available in a manner that does not allow individual subjects to be identified; therefore ethics approval was deemed unnecessary.
For data reduction, we averaged all daily variables in discrete weekly epochs. There were 313 epochs during the study period. All computations were performed using these binned weekly numbers. This data reduction step controlled for the known day-of-week effect on suicide rate [13].
We employed linear regression modeling to evaluate the association between five air pollution variables and suicide number in each of the sixteen regions. The regional weekly suicide rate per 10 million persons was considered as the dependent variable. Celebrity suicides, economic and meteorological variables were entered as covariates in the linear regression model. We included the regional weekly suicide rate per 10 million in the preceding week as a covariate to control for short-term trending of suicide, which we previously identified as a significant predictor of weekly suicide rate [8]. The average national monthly suicide number for the past 5 years by month matching each weekly data set also was entered as a covariate in order to control for seasonality. We examined the air pollutant data lagged weekly by up to 6 weeks preceding the suicide events (time lag 0 through time lag 6). The presence of statistical heterogeneity was assessed with the I-square heterogeneity test and Cochran's Q test [14]. Then, these regional results were meta-analyzed with the DerSimonian-Laird random effect model which accounts for heterogeneity among meta-analyzed studies [15] using Metasoft software [16]. We present the outputs of the meta-analysis as the regression coefficients (beta) and their standard deviations expressed as increased suicide numbers associated with unit increases of pollutant concentrations. Because multiple testing can raise type I error, P values of different time lags were controlled by Bonferroni's correction. All statistical analyses were performed using the R 2.9.1 public statistics software (R package, http://www.r-project.org). Results were considered significant at a threshold of P < 0.05. The detailed definitions of the variables and formula of the linear regression model are given in S4 Table. All relevant data are within the Supporting Information file named S1 Data.
Trend of suicide number and air pollution levels
Over the six years of the study (2006–2011), national suicide numbers trended upwards and showed seasonal variation with peaks in the spring months and troughs in the fall months (S1 Fig.). The average national weekly suicide rate per 10 million persons was 55.81 in the period, which corresponds to an average annual suicide rate of 29.1 per 100,000 persons per year. This rate for the ROK is one of the highest among OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) nations [17]. The weekly suicide rate varied considerably by region (range 44.18 to 80.44—S1 Table). Trends of nationwide weekly average air pollutant levels are shown in S2 Fig. All five pollutants displayed marked variability from week to week and by region (S1 Table). For instance, the weekly average ozone concentration showed a 2-fold range across regions from 0.019 ppm (Seoul) to 0.037 ppm (Jeju). Temporal coefficients of variation of regional weekly ozone concentrations over the 6 years ranged from 0.28 to 0.45, with a national average of 0.33 (S1 Table). The annual range of concentrations of ozone was over 3-fold from trough to peak (S2A Fig.). However, these annual pollutant rhythms were not closely synchronized.
The association between suicide rate and pollutant concentrations
As the effect of the five pollutants was heterogeneous among different regions and different time points (I-square statistic >30 and Cochran's Q test P < 0.05, see S2 Table for details), we performed random-effects meta-analysis (S2 Table). Fig. 1 shows the summary of meta-analyses of the effect of the five air pollutants with time lags from 0 to 6 weeks.
PowerPoint slide
Fig 1. Suicide Increase Associated with Air Pollution Increase According To Weeks Prior to suicide.
(A) Ozone; (B) Particulate matter; (C) Nitrogen dioxide; (D) Carbon monoxide; (E) Sulfur dioxide. *Corrected P< 0.05, **corrected P< 0.01, ***corrected P< 0.001, ****corrected P< 0.0001. Percentage suicide increase was calculated by multiplication of beta, range of pollutant concentration from-1SD to +1SD relative to the annual mean value (2 SD range) and inverse number of national weekly suicide rate per 10 million persons.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117929.g001
From time lag 0 to time lag 4, the level of ozone was significantly associated with suicide rate (Table 1). The greatest magnitude of effect was shown with time lag 0. The magnitude of this effect can be illustrated using the national average data: At time lag 0, for an increase in ozone concentration from-1SD to +1SD relative to the annual mean (an increase of 0.016 ppm) the weekly suicide rate increased by 4.37 per 10 million or 7.8% of the national weekly suicide rate of 55.81 per 10 million documented from January 2006 through December 2011 (suicide rate increase per 2 SD range ozone increase = 7.8%, 95% CI = 4.2%−11.5%, corrected P < 0.0001, meta-analysis of 16 linear regression analyses). This 2 SD range of ozone concentration corresponds to half of the observed annual range of ozone concentrations (S2A Fig.). As shown in Fig. 1A, the effect of ozone on suicide rate subsided gradually with increasing time lag.
Table 1. Associations of Pollutants with Averaged Weekly Suicide Rate per 10 million Persons from Lag 0 to Lag 4.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117929.t001
The PM-10 level also had significant associations with the weekly suicide rates in time lags 0, 3 and 4 (corrected P = 0.03 for time lag 0, P = 0.03 for time lag 3, and P < 0.01 for time lag 4, Table 1). As the PM-10 increased by 1 unit (1 μg/m3), weekly suicides per 10 million persons increased by 0.047 in time lag 0. Using the national average data, for an increase in PM-10 concentration from-1SD to +1SD relative to the annual mean (an increase of 37.82 μg/m3) the weekly suicide rate increased by 1.76 per 10 million or 3.2% of the national weekly suicide rate of 55.81 per 10 million at time lag 0. This 2 SD range of PM-10 concentration (32.72–70.54μg/m3) corresponds approximately to half of the observed annual range of PM-10 concentrations (S2B Fig.). This association disappeared at time lags 1 and 2. The most prominent effect of PM-10 occurred with a four week interval, when the effect corresponded to a weekly suicide rate increase of 2.03 per 10 million or 3.6% of the national weekly suicide rate of 55.81 per 10 million (suicide rate increase per 2 SD range PM-10 increase = 3.6%, 95% CI = 1.5%−5.7%, corrected P < 0.01, meta-analysis of 16 linear regression analyses).
Regional plots (S3 Fig.) and forest plots (S4 Fig.) for ozone and PM-10 in their most prominent associated time lag (lag 0 for ozone, lag 4 for PM-10) are presented. We found regional differences in the association between air pollutants and suicide rates (S3 Fig.). A notable finding is that the three providences with high suicide rate (Chungnam, Gangwon and Chungbuk) showed the largest increases of suicide associated with a 2 SD increase of ozone concentration (S4A Fig.).
We found no significant associations for nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide in meta-analyses of all time lags. All results of linear regression modeling in 16 regions with 7 different time lags and their meta-analyses are provided in S2 and S3 Tables.
In this nationwide study, we found that increasing concentrations of ozone and atmospheric particulate matter were related to suicide rate. Of all 5 pollutants we examined, ozone had the strongest associations with suicide rate, extending back to 4 weeks before the suicide events. Increase of ozone concentration over a 2 SD range (0.016 ppm) that approximated half of the observed annual range was associated with a 7.8% increase of weekly suicide rate relative to the annual mean weekly suicide rate. Increase of PM-10 concentration over a 2 SD range (37.82μg/m3) that also approximated half of the observed annual range was associated with a 3.2% to 3.6% increase of weekly suicide rate at time lags 0 and 4, respectively.
There have been previous studies that suggest multiple mechanisms for the effect of air pollution on the central nervous system (CNS). First, air pollution can affect the immune system and thereby induce behavioral changes through effects on neurotransmitter systems [18–19]. Ozone can induce inflammation in the lungs of exposed subjects [20], and this peripheral inflammation could impact on the CNS through circulating cytokines [21]. In addition, exposure to particulate matter for several weeks increases proinflammatory cytokines in mouse brain [22]. Furthermore, exposure to particulate matter has been associated with hypomethylation of the gene for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which regulates a key step during inflammatory reactions [23]. Considering that the immune system could affect the development of depression [24], the reported effects of ozone and particulate matter on cytokines may be relevant to our observation on suicide rates. Second, stress hormones could be linked to air pollution and suicide. According to Errol et al., brief exposure of rats to ozone and particulate matter results in activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis [25]. Continuous exposure to air pollutants could cause HPA axis dysregulation, which is associated with the pathobiology of suicide in mood disorder [26]. Third, ozone or its reaction products could influence the metabolism of serotonin [27], one of the neurotransmitters associated with aggressive behavior and suicide [28–30]. These previous findings are relevant to our observed strong association of ozone concentration with suicide rate. Meanwhile, air pollution can influence suicide indirectly. For example, exposure to air pollutants aggravates respiratory disease [3] and increases the risk of depressive episodes among individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus [31]. In addition, exposure to air pollutants is associated with a high incidence of spontaneous abortion which is a risk factor for depression [32]. These physical burdens could increase the risk of suicide in the population [33–34]. In our results, the association between PM-10 and suicide rate was observed at time lag 0, however, it was absent at time lags 1 and 2. We speculated that the effects of disease aggravations, bereavement or increase of physical burdens on suicide rate require intervals to link with consequent suicide events. Further studies with individual risks of suicide such as psychiatric or medical disease could be helpful to clarify this hypothesis.
In prior research, Yang et al, found that air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and ozone influence the risk of suicide over longer time scales [7]. Also, Kim et al, have reported that transient increases of particulate matter concentration are related to suicide risk [6]. In addition, a German study conducted by Biermann et al, reported an association between ozone level and completed suicide.[35] However, those studies had some limitations. First, their results were limited to the data from metropolitan areas, and data from rural areas were excluded. Since the suicide rates vary by region [36], region-specific studies risk confounding by Type I error (false positive). Our analyses also suggest that the level of association between air pollution and suicide varies among regions (S1 Table, S3 and S4 Figs.), supporting the possibility of non-generalizable findings in prior studies. In addition, the earlier studies did not consider multiple other variables that affect suicide risk. For instance, celebrity suicides have a marked effect on the national suicide rate [8,10,37]. Economic factors, including consumer price index, unemployment rate, and stock index valuations, also are well known for their association with suicide rates [12,38]. In addition, meteorological factors, like sunlight hours and temperature, have established associations with suicide rate [39].
To complement these prior studies, we performed a nationwide regional meta-analysis while controlling for important covariates like celebrity suicide, economic factors, and meteorological factors, as well as seasonality of suicide rates. We also controlled for short term trending as revealed by our previous report [8]. For this purpose we included the previous week's suicide rate as a covariate. In addition, we examined multiple time periods from 0 to 6 weeks prior to the day of suicide, to test for immediate and delayed effects of pollutants. Thus, this study is the first nationwide analysis assessing the proximate and near-term delayed effects of air pollution on suicide rate.
As a result of pollution control policy in all countries of the world, sulfur dioxide concentrations, which result from fossil fuel combustion, have been significantly reduced [3]. That may be a factor in our finding of no significant association between ambient sulfur dioxide concentration and suicide. Consequently, other air pollutants like ozone and particulate matter which are less related to fossil fuels, have received increasing attention recently [3]. Guidelines issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) aim at reduction of ozone and particulate matter because of their association with overall mortality [40]. Our results showing strong associations of ozone and PM-10 concentrations with suicide add to the public health urgency for reduction of these pollutants.
A limitation of our study is retrospective design based on national databases, so that we could not test the effect of other recognized air pollutants such as PM-2.5 (Particulate Matter, particulates with size of 2.5 μm in diameter or smaller) [5], lead, ammonia, radioactive pollutants or volatile organic compounds. There is also a possibility that ozone, a highly reactive molecule, could exert its effects through secondary reaction products. Further studies with expanded data will be required.
As previously mentioned, the strength of associations between suicide rates and pollutant concentrations varied among regions. Factors influencing these differences could be analyzed in further studies. Nevertheless, the overall meta-analysis revealed a highly significant association of suicide rate with ozone concentration, as well as a strong association with particulate matter pollution. In conclusion, our analysis expands the evidence for a link between suicide and air pollutants through this regional meta-analysis. Our data direct attention especially to ozone and particulate matter as the significant drivers of this association.
S1 Data. Data File.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117929.s001
(XLSX)
S1 Fig. Trend of weekly national suicide number per 10 million persons in Korea.
(TIF)
S2 Fig. Trend of weekly average air pollution levels in Korea.
S3 Fig. Regional plots for ozone and PM-10 in their most prominent associated time lag (lag 0 for ozone; lag 4 for PM-10).
S4 Fig. Forest plots for ozone and PM-10 in their most prominent associated time lag (lag 0 for ozone; lag 4 for PM-10).
S1 Table. Weekly suicide rate and weekly averages of air pollution levels in 16 regions of South Korea 2006 through 2011.
(DOCX)
S2 Table. Meta-analyses of linear regression modeling in 16 regions with 7 different time lags.
S3 Table. Linear regression modeling in 16 regions with 7 different time lags.
S4 Table. Variables included in the analysis and their detailed descriptions.
Conceived and designed the experiments: WM YK SS HJJ JC DKK. Analyzed the data: WM HHW. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: YK, WM, HHW, BJC.
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36. Cheong KS, Choi MH, Cho BM, Yoon TH, Kim CH, et al. (2012) Suicide rate differences by sex, age, and urbanicity, and related regional factors in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health 45: 70–77. pmid:22509447
37. Wasserman IM (1984) Imitation and suicide: a reexamination of the Werther effect. Am Sociol Rev 49: 427–436.
38. Inoue K, Fukunaga T, Okazaki Y (2012) Study of an economic issue as a possible indicator of suicide risk: a discussion of stock prices and suicide. J Forensic Sci 57: 783–785. pmid:22268654
39. Deisenhammer EA (2003) Weather and suicide: the present state of knowledge on the association of meteorological factors with suicidal behaviour. Acta Psychiatr Scand 108: 402–409. pmid:14616220
40. World Health Organization (2005) WHO air quality guidelines global update 2005: Report on a Working Group Meeting, Bonn, Germany, 18–20 October 2005. Available: http://www.euro.who.int/data/assets/pdffile/0005/78638/E90038.pdf. Accessed 2013 Jun 10.
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Server-side X.509 certificates should periodically be rotated, to ensure optimal security.
Certificate-renewal should be planned well before a certificate expires. X.509 certificate-rotation in Couchbase is an online operation that does not require a node or cluster restart: applications maintain continued access to Couchbase Server, experiencing no downtime due to the rotation operation.
Before you rotate a certificate, you need to generate a new certificate.
Typically, your Certificate Authority will give you a self-service option to re-issue certificates. If this is not the case, you can manually regenerate a new X509 certificate.
The root certificate authority is the topmost CA in a CA hierarchy. Its validity period is typically the longest in the hierarchy: between 10 and 20 years.
Note that when you renew the root CA, you have the option of reusing its existing private key. If you keep the same private key on your root CA, all certificates can continue to validate successfully against the new root; all that is required of you is to trust the new root.
After ten years, the renewal time for the root CA comes up.
For the intermediate CAs, a possible strategy might be to renew them for a year to six months before they expire, and reuse the existing key.
Before modifying anything on the server-side, deploy the CA public key and intermediate certificates in the certificate-stores used by your client browser and the SDK language.
For example, here are steps to do that for Firefox and Chrome.
Configure the new root CA certificate (newca.pem is the new root CA certificate).
Configure the new intermediate and node certificate.
For each node, copy over new chain.pem file, and per node private key (new pkey.pem file, if the node certificate is rotated) to the inbox folder.


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Ингрида Шимоните (; 15. новембар 1974) литванска је политичарка и економиста која се налази на функцији премијера Литваније од 11. децембра 2020. године.

Извори

Спољашње везе

 Биографија

Рођени 1974.
Премијери Литваније

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Awkward damage control at the MSZP over forged video affair
A young and irreverent commentator urges the leaders of the Socialist Party to resign because of their amateurish handling of the Baja electoral video scandal.
In 444, Gergő Plankó believes the case of the forged electoral fraud video has proven that the new Socialist Party leadership are completely inapt. Either they were lying when they denied that they were the ones who passed on the staged video evidence of Fidesz fraud to Heti Világgazdaság, or they have been set up by their own chief PR officer. In either case, their performance was pathetic.
Heti Világgazdaság announced on Tuesday that its editor in chief received the video from the PR manager of the Socialist parliamentary group at the MSZP headquarters, thus confuting a series of denials by Socialist luminaries (see BudaPost, October 24). The day after the PR manager resigned saying he had acted in ignorance of the fact that the video was framed. He added that nobody in the party leadership was aware of the transaction.
Plankó believes the case is blatant proof of the utter incompetence of the Socialist party leadership and explains why the opposition has drawn no profit from a series of misdeeds by the government, including the "tobacco-shop-scandal" (see BudaPost May 2013). "This is not the failure of a PR manager", he writes. The editor in chief of Heti Világgazdaság resigned after admitting that he shouldn't have fallen for such a primitive forgery, and now "the rest of the protagonists should follow suit".
Tags: elections, fraud, MSZP


What's The Difference Between Positive and Negative Reinforcement?
Reinforcement is used to help increase the probability that a specific behavior will occur with the delivery of a stimulus/item immediately after a response/behavior is exhibited. The use of these procedures has been used with both typical and atypical developing children, teenagers, elderly persons, animals, and different psychological disorders.
There are two types of reinforcement: positive and negative. It can be difficult to tell the difference between the two.
This is a very powerful and effective tool to help shape and change behavior. It works by presenting a motivating item to the person after the desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to happen in the future.
• A mother gives her son candy for cleaning up his toys.
• A little girl receives $5.00 for doing chores.
This is when a certain stimulus/item is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited. The likelihood of the particular behavior occurring again in the future is increased because of removing/avoiding the negative stimuli.
It should not be thought of as a punishment procedure. With negative reinforcement, you are increasing a behavior, whereas with punishment, you are decreasing a behavior.
• Billy hates when his mom nags him to do the dishes. He starts to do the dishes immediately after finishing a meal to avoid his mother's nagging.
• Lisa always complains of a headache when it is time to start doing her homework. Her parents allow her to go to bed without doing her homework.
Always remember that the end result is to try to increase the behavior, whereas punishment procedures are used to decrease behavior. For positive reinforcement, try to think of it as adding something positive in order to increase a response. For negative reinforcement, try to think of it as taking something negative away in order to increase a response.
https://nspt4kids.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Blog-Reinforcement-FeaturedImage.png 186 183 North Shore Pediatric Therapy https://nspt4kids.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/nspt_2-color-logo_noclaims.png North Shore Pediatric Therapy2011-04-04 12:28:352017-09-18 15:41:35What's The Difference Between Positive and Negative Reinforcement?
Nicely put Katie! The examples will be very helpful for parents to relate to.
Katie, you explained this very clearly, deciphering the differences between reinforcements is challenging. Is there any way to know when to use a positive reinforcement versus a negative reinforcement, or when one will work better than the other?
Thank you, Stephanie & Marissa!
Marissa, to answer your question about when it would be better to use positive or negative reinforcement all depends on if you are adding a stimulus or taking one away. If a stimulus is being added after a behavior is exhibited then you will always use positive reinforcement. Whereas for negative reinforcement, a stimulus is being removed after the behavior is exhibited. Please, let me know if this makes sense or if you have further questions. Thank you!
I agree that negative reinforcement and punishment are easily confused. Thanks for clearly illustrating the difference.
Very good article! It was clearly written and will help individuals understand the differences between the two reinforcement classifications.
Heyy..thank you for this concrete and concise description; really helped in revising the concept; always has been slightly confusing..but we do know the that the importance of this can, in no way be overemphasized, especially with children. Just one thing I wanted to clarify; the point about negative reinforcement where you have mentioned that it entails the removal of a 'negative' stimulus. Here I'm still not very clear about how the removal of something 'negative' will increase a desired behaviour. Please correct me if I'mm mistaken: the removal of something negative will be on the grounds that first we are developing some negative value for the person?
As in the example of Lisa, the act of going to bed, as I can imagine has been given some (associated) some negative value with it. correct or not, please guide.
I am sorry for my delayed response. I hope the following can help clarify a little more, if you have not gotten clarification yet.
The negative stimulus for Lisa is doing her homework, not going to bed. So whenever she has homework she will complain of a headache. Her parents allow her to go to bed and not do her homework. In the end, Lisa is able to avoid/remove the negative stimulus (homework). In the future, she will be more likely to say she has a headache when it comes time to do homework so that she does not have to do it.
I hope this helps! If not, please let me know and I can try to present it another way.
So can you tell which one more effective, positive or negative and how?
undesired stimulus is being removed after the behavior is exhibited.
The way your explained it and he examples you gave, made the concept very easy to understand.
After reading the examples, I have a clear understanding of the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment.
Thank you for taking the time to read my article! I am glad my examples were helpful and that you found this article to be useful!
Dear Ms Sadowski, I would like to ask why reinforcement does not work with some children manifesting disruptive and aggressive behaviour?
Although many people like to ignore the issue and believe that positive and negative reinforcement and/or punishment will work with all children, some children have problems that need medical treatment. I say this because I have a son who has been diagnosed with ADHD. It is a proven chemical imbalance that results in inability to pay attention, hyper-activity, aggression and impulsiveness. My son was in constant trouble on a daily basis when he began school, but once I took him to the doctor and he began taking medicine, he has become almost a different child. He no longer gets in trouble (except for on occasion as with most children) and he is able to stay focused on his school work. Many people say that children become "zombies" when they are on this medication, and for those who have children like this, the solution is simple. The dosage for their medication is to high. My son goes to the doctor every three months for a checkup since he has been on this medication, and the only thing I can say is that it has made a huge difference in his life, my life and the people around him.
I am a behavior analyst. I do believe we can change a lot! But I also understand that medical issues may need medical treatments. I have annoyed families with how quickly I refer them to their other providers (doctor, neurologist, SLP). I also have ADHD and all the behavior strategies I have in my tool box don't compare to my medication. The medication helps me use the behavior strategies. I was not diagnosed and medicated until I was in college. My mom didn't want me to be a zombie. Now, I could not imagine my life without it. I went from a struggling college student to a grad student getting As.
I suggest that when teachers enter the classroom stituation, they should always used positive reinforcement and stop punishing the student.
negative reinforcement appears to be the same thing as punishment, although the wording is changed up. I kind of like saying it this way though because (a) it sounds smarter XD and (b) it shows what the desired result of the "punishment" actually is.
A lot of people forget that the end result of punishment is not to find personal enjoyment in the suffering of our mini me's. It's something that we do out of love to help our children make better choices in the future.
In punishment you are decreasing a behavior. You are not teaching the person anything. That is a big difference. If you successfully diminish a behavior without teaching a replacement skill, then the person will find one on their own. It can be much worse than the 1st behavior you were trying to diminish. Punishment also does not get at some fundamental issues. Many times the person has skill deficits that need to be targeted. People with ADD are sick of hearing that they should be better organized. They need to be TAUGHT strategies! Punishing a messy binder won't be very effective if you don't teach him how to do it. There may be less loose papers in their binder, but lood look in their locker!
Negative reinforcement is not the same thing as punishment. Negative reinforcement is when you do something to avoid punishment, such as stopping at a red light to avoid a ticket. Punishment is getting the ticket because you ran the red light.
Negative reinforcement is not the same as punishment. Negative reinforcement involves removing something unpleasant, punishment involves giving something unpleasant.
For example, if a child had a fear of a spider and the spider was then removed so the child was no longer afraid, this would be negative reinforcement. The child is MORE likely to repeat the behaviour because their fear has been enforced by the removal of the spider.
An example of punishment, you get a parking ticket for parking where you shouldn't have parked. In the future you park only within designated zones because you want to avoid being punished again. The behaviour is LESS likely to be repeated.
I want to clarify that negative reinforcement is not the same as punishment.
"Negative reinforcement is when a certain stimulus/item is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited. The likelihood of the particular behavior occurring again in the future is increased because of removing/avoiding the negative stimuli.
To read and learn more about positive and negative punishment please see the below link to my blog on punishment.
I have a soon that has had 5 surgeries before he was 1 year and 4 months. Three were open heart surgery. His condition is HLHS.
He struggles in school and this article is a direction that he is in. His teachers don't seem to understand this condition. They send him to the principals office and that he is just fine with going there. Doesn't create a positive affect of getting him to do his school work.
He will do his homework at home in less than 15 minutes. He sat all day and did nothing.
The teachers have kept him from recess and gym ect and it doesn't help. This only makes him worse and worse as the year goes on. I have had to use a lot of positive reinforcement to get him motivated, if I take to much away he becomes stagnet.
Are they any research articles that I could have them read to help them with this situation?
If to much negative enforcement is done to him he just stops in his tracks and won't budge.
Please let us know if we can help you further. We wish you and your son the best.
Positive reinforcement- using positive stimulus to continue positive behavior. Telling your child you are proud of them( positive stimulus) for doing their homework (positive behavior). Thus, you are hoping they continue to do their homework to please you and continue receiving positive praise.
Negative reinforcement- using negative stimulus to continue positive behavior. Nagging (negative stimulus) your child to do their homework (positive behavior). As a parent, you are hoping that your child will eventually do their homework (positive behavior) because they are tired of you nagging them (negative stimulus). In both positive and negative reinforcement, the desired end behavior is positive (doing homework).
Very simple and straight forward…thanks!
Hi, I was just wondering if there was a publication date for this? I need to reference it for an essay I am writing.
I totally comprehend the differentiation between negative reinforcement and punishment. Punishment is fundamentally a method of eliminating any desirable item, while also diminishing the undesirable behavior. Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, does not decrease the likelihood of exhibiting a despicable behavior, it only increases it. That really is sensible. Thanks a million for writing this superb article on subtypes of reinforcement, anonymous author.


text:
Q: Searching a web part that displays a file share I have a web part in SharePoint that displays a file share. I want to know if there is a way I can search for documents within that web part?

A: You'd need to create a Search content source withn central administration that points to this file share and set up a crawl schedule to index the content. You'd also want to create a search scope that isolates that content source data. Then you can use the Sharepoint search scopes drop down to select the proper scope and search through the file share.


Cleanse. Exfoliate. Face Mask. Cleanse again. Tone. Moisturise. Prime. Sunscreen*. Skincare routine on repeat. Every day, twice a day…for the rest of your life!
For most, skincare has moved a long way away from the simple days of soap and water.
What was once a 60-second lather, rinse and dry process, is now taking up valuable time, and costs the average consumer a small fortune in products.
And if skincare companies are to be believed, it seems we're only just getting started!
With each new product gracing the shelves a 'must have', or a 'revolutionary offering', or promising 'results never seen before'; it's becoming more and more difficult to know what to put on your skin for the best.
Nobody's really told why they need something, just that they do. And who are we, the humble consumer, to argue with the skincare companies who make us believe they know what they're talking about?
But wouldn't you like to save time and money and get back to basics with skincare?
Wouldn't you like to know exactly what's in your products, and only use those that benefit your skin naturally and effectively?
If you're like us, a five-minute routine that uses minimal products and gets results sounds like the stuff that skin-conscious, time-poor consumers dreams are made of.
And now, they can become your reality.
The main problem with all the marketing campaigns and gimmicks consumers are exposed to is that we can end up with a range of products that all counteract each other.
Just because something says it can give you younger looking skin, and something else says it can rehydrate you, put them together and you can end up with clogged pores (otherwise known as occlusion) that can lead to spots, blemishes, and dry patches.
Not to mention the damage mixing chemical activating agents and preservatives can cause to the deeper layers of your skin over time.
Biologi serums exfoliate, moisturise, tone, prime and target your troubled areas in just one serum.
We recommend using Biologi after you've cleansed with a good quality cleanser to give your skin a really deep clean, but apart from that, you just need one product.
When you use Biologi, your cells are hydrating at a deeper level, and less really is more.
All Biologi serums are produced from just one ingredient.
Bk serum is 100% extract of Kakadu plum. Bd is 100 % extract of Davidson plum, and Bf serum is 100% extract of finger lime.
And by extract, we don't mean juice. (Although, if you wanted, you could certainly drink a shot or two!).
By extract, we mean we've developed a unique extraction method that mimics the plant's internal cellular process, that has been refined over millions of years.
Our serums are 100% active. 100% pure. 100% undiluted. That's right; we don't even add water to our serums to make them stretch further like every single other product on the market (which only serves to make the active ingredients less potent and therefore less effective).
Because of our unique extraction process, everything in the serum works synergistically, as it does in the plant, so we don't need to add anything else to get results.
If you'd like to know more about our extraction process and find out why we don't need to add chemical ingredients, click here.
Our ethos, 'from plant-to-bottle', is about as minimal as you can get!
We're committed to sustaining this planet because once it's gone, there's no way to reverse the damage caused by products manufactured with harmful materials and unethical production processes.
Using only one ingredient means we source each product from one place. We work very closely with our communities on ethical farming practices to ensure we aren't depleting the environment or its resources to create our serums.
Our production process from plant to bottle is completely transparent, and we'll happily share with the consumer our manufacturing process from start to finish.
Biologi: Just one try…and you'll never go back!
Natural products are becoming increasingly popular as consumers try to avoid chemicals and synthetic ingredients. What started as a food revolution has swept across household, skincare and beauty products. The more skincare products are manipulated, the further away from natural they get (read our naturally derived article for more shocking facts on what 'naturally derived' actually means).
When you use Biologi, you'll immediately notice that you skin is more hydrated and dewy. Over time, you'll notice fine lines start to soften, blemishes clear up and your face is fresher, firmer and smoother.
You only need to try Biologi once to reduce your skincare regime down to one product containing one ingredient.
Why don't you put us to the test? Just once.
*Biologi products do not contain SPF and cannot take the place of sunscreen products.
fоund something that helⲣed me. Appreⅽіate it!


Almost all places all over the world need ventilation, heating, and Air conditioning systems. This is because at some time of the year every part of the world experiences extreme weather. When there is an occurrence of extreme weather you need air conditioning, ventilation or heating. The HVAC systems are important in ensuring that your living condition at your house or your office is conducive. Almost everyone today has an HVAC system put up, be it outdoor or indoor, everyone has them. Thou its popularity and demand have increased, there are many people that are not aware of how to take care of these systems. Usually, people are not concerned about servicing it and thus, in the end, they pay a lot of money to get them repaired. This the article will give you tips on how you can keep your HVAC maintained and avoid incurring a lot of money in repair it.
For your HVAC to be effective in the way it operates, you might need to change or clean the filters regularly. As the HVAC operates, it attracts dust. The dust settles on the filters making it work on low efficiency. The operation of the filter is affected by dust, and you will notice this by the decreased effectivity of your HVAC. Thus, ensure you open the systems and clean the filters. Always ensure that your filer dry up after you have cleaned it to maintain its effectivity. You can also choose to replace your filters because the process of cleaning can be a little messy. By ensuring your HVAC is always clean, it will keep your environment clean. The HVAC systems pick up dust and bacteria which once the system to work they get into your home.
Be thorough in looking for the particles in your filter especially if your system is located outdoors. As you are looking, you will notice that some leaves, twigs or dust are stuck in the HVAC, ensure you remove them completely to ascertain that the operation of your system is not affected. Do this gently to avoid damaging the HVAC as you pull or push the particles. In looking after the HVAC, you also need to inspect the air duct. The air duct can get crushed or disconnected as the HVAC operates. You will need to call an expert to solve the problem in case you get it disconnected. A HVAC that is disconnected or crushed will be ineffective in the way it operates.
So that you make yourself conversant with the varieties of the hot tubs which will be available in the market, it will be necessary to window shop. An individual assessment will be essential in assessing the product varieties. Asking for referrals from friends will be essential it will guide you to choose that hot tub which will offer you the best experience. So as to pick the stores as to where you will need to buy the hot tub from, you will need to utilize the internet resources. Collecting more details about hot tubs will be essential as it will offer you guidance in picking the best one.


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The Distortionary Growth in Government
Government in America is too big. We are not (yet) at European levels, but unless we turn around the reform trend in the welfare state - which currently points to even bigger government in the near future - we are going to end up with the same macroeconomic problems as the Europeans have.
Our government has sprawled in many directions, first and foremost through the expansion of entitlement programs. This, in turn, has led to a distortion in the operation of our government sector that adds to the difficulty of reforming away our welfare state. It consists of the combination between, on the one hand, a shift in government employment toward states and local government and, on the other hand, an increase in federal funding of the entire government sector.
To approach this distortion, let us begin with some government employment numbers. First and foremost, a look at the Government Employment Ratio, which measures the number of federal, state and local government employees per 1,000 private-sector employees. It is interesting to note that this ratio has not changed dramatically over the long term - in fact, it was higher in the early 1960s than it is now:
Government Employment Ratio for the U.S. Economy
Source of raw data: Bureau of Labor Statistics
The problematic part is that the character in government employment has changed over time. Starting at the federal level, more and more employees work with other things than the constitutional government duties. As Figure 1 reports, the share of federal employees that work for the Department of Defense or the U.S. Postal Service has gone down over time, to a point where these two functions do not even employ half the federal workforce:
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
The majority of the federal government's 2.8 million employees do other things than defend our country and provide for a critical part of our infrastructure. Not all of the rest of the workforce is idling in the welfare state - the federal government must also provide law enforcement and run its part of our judiciary - but the fact that the two constitutionally mandated functions represent less than half the total workforce is a wake-up call as to what we are asking, and what we should be asking, our government to do for us.
While the federal workforce has gradually shifted priorities away from its constitutional duties, states and local governments have grown their employment over time. They have increased their combined share of the total government workforce from 67 percent in 1955 to more than 87 percent today.
This increase reflects a growth in the responsibility of our states to produce the entitlements that our welfare state hands out. Instead of running programs such as Medicaid, SNAP, WIC, TANF etc., at the federal level, Congress has structured these programs in such a way that the operational responsibility falls on the states. To honor their responsibilities, the states obviously needs to hire more people.
At the same time as employment has grown in state and local governments, the funding responsibility for the welfare state has largely remained with the federal government. Over time, as the welfare state has grown with the War on Poverty, the funding provided by the federal government has increases as well. Federal funds as share of state and local government revenue has increased substantially, from eight percent in 1957 to 22.5 percent in 2017. Figure 2 compares these two trends (the employment share is displayed on the right-hand vertical axis):
Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics (employment), Bureau of Economic Analysis (funding)
These two trends tell us that we, simultaneously, have localized government employment and centralized government funding. Since the first trend means increased local responsibility for government functions, these two trends together create a mounting obstacle to reforms that could turn the growth of the welfare state around.
With more of the operational responsibility at the state and local level, and more of the funding at the federal level, where do we start if we want to reform welfare, Medicaid and other parts of the federally sponsored conglomerate of entitlements? Theoretically, the answer is Congress, because they provide the funds and define the programs they help paying for. In practice, though, there is a great risk that Congress draws down funding without rolling back the entitlement mandates in the programs. This would leave the states with a greater funding responsibility, one that they have to pass on to taxpayers.
Another option is to start at the state level and ask state legislatures to change these programs. However, Congress could retaliate to any reforms it did not like, by drawing down funding of the reformed program as well as others. Again, states would be forced to raise taxes.
There is a way out of this, called block grant reform for the states. I developed a model for it six years ago. It remains to be seen if it can get some traction in Congress.