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Supported by the City of Stockholm
The real reason for Stockholm's massive Slussen redevelopment
This content was paid for by an advertiser and produced by The Local's Creative Studio
Sophie Miskiw
@sophie_miskiw
by the city of stockholmclimate changeconstructionSlussenSponsoredStockholmstockholmliving
Photo: Henrik Trygg/ mediabank.visitstockholm.com
Amid the ferocity of the protests to 'Save old Slussen!', the real -- and potentially devastating -- reason for the controversial redevelopment has effectively been drowned out.
If you're visiting Stockholm in the near future and stroll from the cobbled streets of Old Town to the hip district of Södermalm, you'll witness one of Scandinavia's biggest building projects.
Giant crane vessels plunge steel pillars into the silt of the Baltic, bulldozers push truck-loads of 80-year-old rubble, exposed iron bars jut from half-demolished concrete structures. The entire area is an unignorable rumbling, clanging building site — and will be for another seven years.
This is Slussen, the mouth of Lake Mälaren as it spills into the Baltic Sea and the crucial meeting point of rail, water, and road traffic coming into the city. It's Sweden's second-largest public transport hub after Stockholm Central Station, used by around 400,000 people each day.
And this figure is expected to rise by more than 25 percent to 505,000 by 2030, as the city's swelling population leads to more pedestrians, cyclists, cars, and commuters.
What remains of the structure dates back to the mid-1930s when the cloverleaf interchange was built to remedy 'Slussen Misery', a continual traffic jam brought on by the arrival of the automobile. Thought to be the first of its kind in Europe, for over 80 years the interchange has been one of the country's cardinal focal points.
And soon it will be entirely unrecognisable from the Slussen many Stockholmers have come to see as a symbol of their city.
A controversial project
It should come as no surprise that Slussen was beginning to show serious signs of wear and tear. Sections of the 83-year-old structure had sunk by up to 25 cm in places and were at risk of collapsing, posing a very real threat to public safety.
It's one of the reasons behind the 12.1 billion kronor (€1.3 billion) project financed solely by the City of Stockholm to redevelop and retrofit the entire Slussen facility.
The new main bridge. Illustration: ÅF Lighting
The project, which began in 2016 and is scheduled to be completed by 2025, involves plans to build a safer and more effective juncture, along with developing the surrounding area into a vibrant new meeting place and centre for city life.
But protests to the redevelopment have been fierce.
Staunch opposition from citizens and celebrities was led by ABBA star Benny Andersson, who cried out to "Save old Slussen!", arguing the plans were out of step with the local population's wishes. Andersson even pledged to reunite his former group if the protests against the Slussen redevelopment proved successful.
But the effort failed to sway Stockholm's city council, and shortly after, roadways were ripped away and cranes began sprouting up around the iconic interchange.
Evidence of the construction project has been on display since work started in 2016.
Facilitating travel and protecting the hundreds of thousands of people that use Slussen each day is, of course, a pressing motive for the redevelopment. However, planners admit the project's primary motivation was effectively drowned out by the fiery debate about urban design.
"Climate change is the main reason for the reconstruction, but people just don't realise it," says Eva Rosman, Communications Manager for the Slussen project.
Catastrophic consequences
It's hard to escape the irony of a sustainability message failing to take centre stage and help galvanize consensus in a city that is otherwise eager to tout its climate-conscious credentials, and generally successful at bringing citizens onboard.
There wasn't nearly as much fuss when it was announced one billion kronor (€102 million) would be invested to expand the city's cycling infrastructure. Stockholmers even responded positively when a congestion charge was introduced in 2007 to reduce environmental issues resulting from vehicular traffic.
Yet when it comes to Slussen, the critical climate impetus, which if left unaddressed could have catastrophic consequences, seems to have been muffled by the din of the protests.
And while the heated public debate about Slussen's new design may have prevented the public from realizing it was also an ambitious measure to protect the city against the effects of climate change, that doesn't diminish the urgency of taking action, warns Richard J. T. Klein, Senior Research Fellow at Stockholm Environmental Institute.
"Climate change is happening and its effect on nature, people, and the economy will increase over time," he explains.
Moreover, research conducted by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) found that the original Slussen construction, which besides acting as a transport hub is first and foremost a navigation lock, was not built to withstand the projected sea level rise brought on by climate change.
The Slussen project is necessary to protect the drinking water for everyone living in the Mälaren region.
"Large-scale infrastructure projects like Slussen are designed to exist for many decades, so long-term changes in the water level of Mälaren and the Baltic Sea need to be taken into account," says Klein
"It was a wise decision to integrate climate risk into the new design as the extra costs incurred are easily justified by the much higher potential of flood damages."
And the clock is ticking.
From 2050 onwards rising sea levels will finally counteract Sweden's 'land uplift', a geological process that has been taking place since the end of the Ice Age, causing the land to rise relative to the sea. This is expected to raise levels of the Baltic Sea outside Stockholm by around half a metre by 2100.
Floods and contaminated drinking water
In addition to rising sea levels, climate change is also expected to alter weather patterns over Sweden, resulting in more precipitation flowing into Lake Mälaren, a major national sea route that flows to the Baltic through the locks at Slussen.
"The effects of climate change will mean more rain in winter, so the lake will rise and pose a huge flooding risk to the whole area," warns Rosman.
Stretching 120 km from east to west, Lake Mälaren touches several counties including Stockholm, Uppsala, Södermanland, Örebro, and Västmanland, and provides fresh drinking water to more than two million people.
If the Slussen locks aren't able to drain properly, all of the towns surrounding the lake will be vulnerable to flooding that could damage critical infrastructure like electric utilities and, crucially, contaminate the drinking water for the entire region.
"It's not just Slussen and Gamla Stan, or even the shoreline of Stockholm that makes this project crucial," says Linda Holmström, Policy Advisor for Stockholm's Climate Unit.
"It will affect all the municipalities on Lake Mälaren, all the way up to Västerås and Eskilstuna. This is a measure Stockholm is taking to save drinking water for the whole region."
It's not the first time in recent years that Lake Mälaren has risked contamination from the Baltic.
"In 2000, there was a flood and the metro station at Gamla Stan was about 10 cm away from being flooded," remembers Rosman. "So we opened all the locks in Stockholm and Södertälje to avoid the incident. It took two to three years before the water returned to its normal quality."
Under current conditions, SMHI estimates there is a 10 percent chance of an even worse flood occurring in the next decade.
To counter this risk, protecting the lake's surrounding infrastructure and safeguarding the provision of clean drinking water, the New Slussen project will redesign and retrofit the existing structure, incorporating elements of climate resilience. The new facility is intended to last for the next hundred years.
New Slussen will release five times more water than the old structure. Illustration: White Arkitekter.
The foundations of the new Slussen will be built to easily withstand current conditions and handle heavier loads from rising sea levels along with accommodating higher floodgates.
"The main thing we have to do is increase capacity," says Rosman, explaining that the output for the new lock will be five times as much as it was previously.
This will be achieved by building two larger channels beside the lock, one 33 metres wide and the other 35 metres wide. Together they will be able to release up to 1,400 m3/s of water.
Combined with a new water regulation plan which involves letting Mälaren behave more like a natural lake, allowing for more water in springtime and less in the summertime, the present vulnerabilities will be countered and controlled.
A global trend
Stockholm isn't alone in taking these precautions.
Cities around the world are preparing for the effects of climate change, which besides rising sea levels, is also expected to involve include subsidence and an increase in the intensity of coastal storms and hurricanes.
New York will become the first major city to be remapped in response to the potential future effects of global climate change, while Boston is strategising to protect the 30 percent of its land that could be swallowed by rising sea levels by the end of the 21st century.
In Europe, cities like Hamburg, Rotterdam, and London have invested large amounts into coastal flood preparedness.
"As sea level rise accelerates, more cities will have to follow their lead," says Klein.
He adds that three of the five biggest risks highlighted in the World Economic Forum's Global Risk Report are climate change related. However, he remains hopeful that more cities will follow in the steps of the Slussen project, reducing the risk of weather and climatic hazards.
"The severity of the climate challenge is huge, but so is human ingenuity and creativity. Because we've waited so long, we need to invest in measures to address the impacts of climate change, which are now unavoidable."
This article was produced independently with support from the City of Stockholm.
Click here to learn more about different types of sponsored content on The Local.
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Q: How to make a Mean Time Before Failure graph in MS Excel? Do forgive me if this is not the correct Stack Exchange site for this question (and tell me which is).
We log machine breakdowns at a production plant. Of the data logged some is Machine Downtime, Location and Date. Machine Downtime being the duration of the breakdown, Location being which set of machines and well Date, the date of the breakdown.
The graph I'm trying to make will have a column graph and a line graph. There will be a column for each breakdown and the duration dictates the height (y-axis). The line graph will start at zero and increase by one every day there isn't a breakdown. If there is a breakdown, the count will reset to zero.
The current problems encountered are: I can't get the dates on the x-axis to be spaced evenly apart by time, they are only spaced by each data point and some months have twice as many breakdowns leading to uneven spread. Another is how will I filter the Locations? I know you can filter the way I want in PivotCharts but I don't think I'll be able to use a PivotChart for this. The last is the line graph itself, what function or formula would I write to achieve this?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Environmental Politics & Policy
Industrial Transformation
Environmental Policy Innovation in the United States and Europe
Edited by Theo de Bruijn and Vicki Norberg-Bohm
This excellent book evaluates the 'new governance' in environmental policy. It compares the impacts of innovative policy initiatives in the US and Europe over the past decade. All of these initiatives sought to inject new dynamism into industrial environmental policy, by breaking with conventional regulation and emphasizing voluntarism, collaboration, and transparency. While the results are sobering, de Bruijn and Norberg-Bohm's broader conclusions are significant. Only by integrating new policy instruments with elements of coercion and obligation are such proposals likely to be successful. This important and timely book sets the standard for policy studies in the field.
Frans Berkhout
Professor of Innovation and Sustainability, Institute for Environmental Studies, Free University of Amsterdam
The United States and European countries are experimenting with a new generation of policy approaches for combating environmental degradation. Industrial Transformation evaluates the effectiveness of twelve innovative voluntary, collaborative, and information-based programs, focusing particularly on the effectiveness of these programs in bringing about industrial transformation—changes in production and consumption structures that will help move their societies toward environmental sustainability. The twelve programs analyzed have the potential to create incentives for industry leadership, stimulate beyond-compliance behavior, address environmental degradation not currently regulated, and encourage innovative solutions by involving a wide range of stakeholders. The programs—six in the United States and six in Europe—include Energy Star product labeling in the United States, R&D collaboration in US Department of Energy programs, the US Toxic Release Inventories, the EU's Eco-Audit Regulation in the UK, the Dutch Target Group Policy, and the German End-of-Life Vehicles Program. The comparative analysis of the twelve programs proves that these new approaches are not a panacea for industrial transformation. Taken together, the cases provide a range of experience from which to draw lessons for future policy design.
Out of Print ISBN: 9780262042284 376 pp. | 6 in x 9 in 13 illus. June 2005
$29.00 X | £23.00 ISBN: 9780262541817 376 pp. | 6 in x 9 in 13 illus. June 2005
Theo de Bruijn
Theo de Bruijn is Senior Research Associate at the Center for Clean Technology and Environmental Policy at the University of Twente, the Netherlands.
Vicki Norberg-Bohm
The late Vicki Norberg-Bohm was Director of the Energy Technology Innovation Project at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government.
This excellent volume offers a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of new governance approaches in transantlantic comparison. It reveals the potentials and shortcomings of voluntary and persuasive instruments to achieve an encompassing ecological modernization.
Martin Janicke
Envinromental Policy Research Center, Free University Berlin
This is the first really useful book for teaching comparative environmental politics. The country studies are comprehensive andwell-written, and Desai reaches fascinating comparative conclusions. I recommend it highly.
Norman J. Vig
Professor Emeritus of Science, Technology and Society, Carleton College
Industrial Transformation provides an excellent assessment of the need for change in public policies, especially regulatory policies. It gives us good case studies, in a common format, of several important initiatives. The distinctions between the sector- and firm-based approaches is useful, as is the combination of U.S. and European initiatives. The book will provide an excellent resource for researchers and practitioners in the field, and should draw interest on both sides of the Atlantic.
Daniel J. Fiorino
https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/industrial-transformation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Rockposer Dot Com!
Music News, Reviews & Interviews From Rock & Blues Artists And Bands
Carl Stenlöv
Grande Royale Release 'Out Of Gas' Video
by Rockposer Dot Com!	on January 14, 2020 January 14, 2020
Grande Royale releases a music video for their single 'Out of Gas'. The single is taken from their album 'Take It Easy', released in September last year on The Sign Records. The music video is made by Carl Stenlöv.
'Take It Easy' is the latest album by Grande Royale. The album holds eleven tracks of Scandinavian rock with a strong southern influence, music that speaks the universal language of rock. The album mixes things up by adding brass, soul choirs to the guitar filled music. 'Take It Easy' is the fourth studio album by Grande Royale, and succeeds the live album 'Captured Live' from 2018 and the studio album 'Breaking News' from 2017.
The album is produced by Ola Ersfjord that previously worked with Imperial State Electric, Honeymoon Disease, Primordial, Tribulation and Dead Lord. Since the release of their previous studio album 'Breaking News' guitarist Gustav Wremer have taken over vocal duties in the band. Vocalist Tove Abrahamsson guests the album on two tracks. The album artwork is made by Revolver Design that previously made cover art for Louise Lemon, Grand Magus and Nightrage.
Grande Royale is a rock'n'roll band from Jönköping, Sweden, who find their roots in the early 70's rock scene of Detroit and the 90's rock scene in Scandinavia, mixed up with some vintage pop. The music is straight forward rock'n'roll packed with electric guitars, melodic vocals and thundering bass lines.
During the bands first year, Grande Royale recorded and released their debut album titled 'Cygne Noir' (2014) and the second album was released in 2015 with the title 'No Fuss – A piece by resolute men'. At this stage the band had been doing all of the recordings by themselves, and also released the albums on their own. These records made it possible for the band to go out and play live shows all over Sweden, as well as in the U.K and Southern Europe. With energetic live shows, and tight performances Grande Royale raised the roof of the venues.
In the summer of 2016 Grande Royale started to work on their third album in the Honk Palace with Nicke Andersson (Imperial State Electric, The Hellacopters, Entombed) as the engineer and producer. The album got the title 'Breaking News', and was released on The Sign records in August 2017. After the album was released, the band went on a tour during which they recorded their live album 'Captured Live', released in 2018. Their latest album 'Take It Easy', recorded and produced by Ola Ersfjord, was released in September this year.
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Middle-Eastern Metallers Svengali Announce New Album; Release Single
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Review: Jesse Damon – Damon's Rage


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Long queues as McDonald's in Rugby reopens drive-thru
Customers are asked to use contactless payment if possible
Rachel Stretton
Sign up for our free Warwickshire Live newsletter and we'll send the latest headlines direct to your inbox
Another McDonald's restaurant has re-opened - to the delight of people who queued for their favourite fast food.
Drivers and customers queued as the drive-thru for the restaurant in London Road, Rugby, reopened today.
It comes after the fast food outlets were among many chain and independent shops and restaurants to close during the coronavirus lockdown.
Drivers stuck in queues for McDonalds
In May the fast food giant announced it would be reopening all 900 of its UK drive-thrus by early June.
Safety measures have been put in place to protect staff and customers - and fans of the menu may be in for a disappointment: not all items will be available immediately.
Every item on the McDonald's menu as it returns this week
This is when Coventry and Nuneaton McDonald's drive-thrus will re-open
The menu will be limited as smaller teams will be on duty to help enforce social distancing.
Customers are also asked to use contactless payment wherever possible.
The drive-thru at restaurants in Walsgrave, Nuneaton, Appleby Magna and Tamworth is set to re-open tomorrow, June 3.


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The Dead Straight Pocket Guide To Ska - Mick O'Shea
Ska originated in Jamaica in the late Fifties and combined Caribbean mento and calypso with American jazz and rnb. Ska developed in the Sixties with artists such as Prince Buster, Clement Coxsone Dodd, and Duke Reid who formed sound systems to play American rhythm and blues and then began recording their own songs. Ska was popular with British mods and was later adopted by many skinheads. As music changed in the US, so did ska. In 1965 and 1966, when American soul music became slower and smoother, ska changed its sound accordingly and developed into rocksteady before evolving again from 1968 into reggae.


steirischer herbst, a major interdisciplinary festival of contemporary arts in Graz, Austria, opens its 51st edition, the first prepared by its new curatorial team. The opening weekend (September 20–22) offers a varied program including performances, installations, discursive events, concerts, and art in public space. For the first time, the festival's main project is conceived as one exhibition spread out through different locations. Its title Volksfronten is provocative, a plural of the German word for the anti-fascist "popular front," later appropriated by the radical right. It references identitarian collisions and culture wars past and present, against the horizon of an as of yet unrealized anti-fascist coalition.
The festival opens on Thursday, September 20, at 5pm at Graz's Europaplatz with a parade by the legendary American performance group Bread & Puppet Theater. It will lead participants through the working-class part of town, addressing, in its performances, issues selected by the people of Graz. At 7:30pm, on Schloßbergplatz, a performance staged by the poet Roman Osminkin will vex the neoliberal aversion to revolution in a Dadaist collage entangling memories of October 1917 with the possibility of a fascist putsch. The evening culminates with a new stage production by the provocative Slovenian band Laibach, who revisit and repoliticize The Sound of Music and its suave Broadway version of Austria's dark history.
On Friday, September 21, the festival continues with a staged conference on the divisive question of "Allah vs. Coca Cola" by Warsaw-based Russian playwright and theater director Ivan Vyrypaev, and a large-scale happening on a revolution of plants by Igor & Ivan Buharov. On Saturday, the opening weekend takes another turn with an evocative performance by choreographer Michiel Vandevelde based on one of the greatest forgotten literary classics of the last century, Human Landscapes from My Country by the Turkish dissident poet Nâzım Hikmet. The day concludes with a cinematic-performative-musical evening with artist Roee Rosen, performer Hani Furstenberg and Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra.
Besides performative works, a parcours of installations awaits the audience. It includes Irina Korina's gigantic environment exploring the connection between nature and nationalism, a forensic research installation by Milica Tomić revisiting the site of a forced labor camp near Graz, and Henrike Naumann's design store telling an alternative story of 20th century Austria. Funda Gül Özcan revives a former Turkish bar with her flamboyant installation, Tony Chakar in collaboration with Nadim Mishlawi reinterpreting one of Graz's landmark hotels with a tragic science-fiction story. A constellation of works including new projects by Ines Doujak, Martin Behr & Martin Osterider, Christoph Szalay, Victoria Lomasko, Ekaterina Muromtseva and kozek hörlonski together with Alexander Martinz, explores folksy phantasms and uncanny horror-stories, questioning kitschy notions of homeland.
Projects deliberately located in public space address the still-recent Nazi past, including works by Yoshinori Niwa, ZIP group, Rossella Biscotti & Kevin van Braak, and Michael Zinganel & Michael Hieslmair. Artist Lars Cuzner will greet the audience in Graz in person as the Eternal Leader of his brand-new Intelligence Party.
The program of steirischer herbst continues until October 14 with further performances and discursive events, and includes a rich collateral program of Graz's institutions, as well as musikprotokol, a festival within the larger festival. The full program of steirischer herbst'18 as well as its online magazine Vorherbst, can be found at www.steirischerherbst.at.
The Festival Pass gives admission to all events and installations of the Volksfronten program and hence allows multiple and repeated visits. Additionally, the annotations in the recently published Guidebook offer running curatorial commentary on connections one might draw, and suggest some paths through the exhibition and along the festival.


Approaching learning as an interactive process can help you to produce a more enjoyable classroom environment for your students. As a teacher, you can use games to help your class achieve mastery of previously introduced concepts. Below is a brief collection of games that apply to the three main areas of focus in 4th grade math.
Students in 4th grade have three main focus areas in mathematics: fractions, multi-digit multiplication and calculating area. The mathematics games below require few supplies and will have your students actively learning math skills. For each game, there are variations provided to allow you to easily adapt the games to meet the needs of your students.
Can You Beat My Fraction?
This fraction comparison game, which allows two students to play against one another, only requires one deck of cards per group and one sheet of paper for each student in the group. Before play begins, you should remove all the face cards and aces from the deck.
Begin the game by shuffling the cards and dealing them evenly between the two players. Each student should draw a line across the middle of his or her paper. This line will represent the division line of a fraction. Students will begin play by drawing the top card from their individual deck. This number will be placed on top of the line as their numerator. The second card they draw from the deck will be the denominator of their fraction.
The student with the larger fraction will win all cards played in this round. The game keeps going until every card has been played as a fraction, with one student having a majority of the cards. This game requires students to have a solid understanding of numerators, denominators and how to accurately compare two fractions. Variations for this game could include having the smallest fraction win all of the cards for the round, letting students choose which card is their numerator and denominator and having the game focus on creating mixed numbers.
This game only requires a deck of cards and a calculator for checking. To begin, take all the face cards out of the deck and place students in small cooperative groups.
Students will create a 2-digit by 2-digit multiplication problem by drawing cards from the deck. For example, suppose the students draw a five and a two. They will use those numbers to create the first number in their problem - 52. Next, students will repeat the process by drawing another two cards (for instance, a six and a three), and use them to create a second number in their problem (63). Then the students will take those two numbers and create a multiplication problem (52 x 63), which they will then solve.
The students should check their answers using calculators. Each student receives one point per correct answer. Variations for this game could include creating larger numbers to multiply or requiring students to check each other's multiplication work by hand instead of using calculators.
In this game, students can explore possible triangle characteristics using measurement rods. Feel free to either have students work in pairs or larger groups for this game.
Have each student take five measurement rods. Using three of these rods, students need to create a triangle. Once the students have created their triangle, you can require them to identify the type of triangle they made, along with the side lengths and types of angles within the triangle. Students will receive one point per correct identification, which will allow your students to practice correct vocabulary usage.
To keep the game interesting, occasionally allow students to trade measurement rods with a neighbor. To take this activity even further, ask your students to create a particular kind of triangle.


If you've jailbroken your iPhone or iPad running iOS 7, it's time to hit up Cydia, the jailbreak App Store, and start taking checking out all the tweaks and apps jailbreak developers have to offer. After all, jailbreak isn't just about changing fonts and applying a theme or two. It's also about making your experience with iOS better. Here are my favorite apps that make iOS 7 way more awesome that it already is!


Decent cabin with a nice balcony. Couch was not very comfortable. Cabin Steward did an excellent job .
Cabin looks little bit tired and furniture too. Big bathroom ok. Wardrobe was small and difficult to use. Housekeeping was ok. Big Big veranda looks little bit empty with two chairs and small table.
Clean and well maintained. Sound proofing to cabins either side could have been better. Easy access to forward lifts. Excellent Cabin Assistant - Antonio - who knew exactly when there was just one tissue left in the box and replaced it!
The cabin was great. It was large and had plenty of storage. I enjoyed the balcony very much.


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Continuity in History and Spirituality
Posted by treegod under Uncategorized | Tags: Christianity, Druidry, Evolution, Gaian, global worldview, globalisation, historical continuity, history, human worldview, humanity, Jim Pym, local worldview, Paganism, Psychosynthesis, Reconstructionism, Robert Assagioli, spiritual continuity |
"Let us feel and obey the urge aroused by the great need of healing the serious ills which at present are affecting humanity; let us realize the contribution we can make to the creation of a new civilization characterized by an harmonious integration and cooperation, pervaded by the spirit of synthesis." Robert Assaggioli
"Whether we own it or not, most of us are deeply influenced by Christianity. With so many years of history, it could not be otherwise. We are influenced by it even if we consciously reject it." Jim Pym, You Don't Have To Sit On The Floor
The context: a Druid message board and I ask whether or not those trying to recreate a pre-Christian worldview (known as a Reconstructionist) take into account the history of Christianity and its influence on them? For instance, I had a Christian upbringing and the society I grew up in has had a heavy Christian influence built into it, can I legitimately disown this Christian influence to reconstruct a worldview that is more or less extinct?
I was thinking of the value of the Christian worldview to the unfolding of history. Its claims of exclusivity have been detrimental, there's no doubt about it. But it's what I think of as a human-based worldview, much like Buddhism. Originally, it came from a Jewish background and it could have stayed that way, as one type of Judaism amongst others, like the Pharisees and Saducees of its time. If St Paul hadn't converted it may have stayed that way. But Paul took the message further and broke its original Jewish context to make it more universal. In some of his writings he talks of men and women, rich and poor, Jew and Gentile, all united "in Christ." For me, this is an important aspect of Christianity and other human-based worldviews; it transcends local cultural boundaries and brings humanity together into the same basis for understanding each other.
In theory, it's good. One example is in Tibet, where Buddhism "defeated" the native shamanic worldview. But it didn't try to subdue it, it understood that the native worldview had its own valid expression in the world. All it did was to take the native practices and beliefs and bring it into line with a Buddhist understanding. Buddhism (in this case at least) respected the continuity of Tibetan culture but also had something valuable to offer to Tibet that it may not have found for itself; a common HUMAN understanding as opposed to a worldview in which only Tibetans can understand. Here we have a healthy mingling of a local worldview and a universal (human) worldview.
In Christian Europe, things were quite different. I think originally Christianity was like Buddhism in that it was something that didn't impose itself on other cultures but could find itself happily "seeding" itself amongst different cultures because it wasn't so constrained to local cultural views, like Jews, Celts, Vikings, Arabs, Romans, Greeks etc. Its basic human element meant it could fit almost anywhere (Rome, Greece, Egypt, Israel etc). I think when the Roman Empire took hold of Christianity that was when Christianity became a force to dominate the world with (because that was what the Roman Empire was doing) but this time it was doing it on a religious level, using Christianity's universal human quality as a tool to dominate the world with, seeing themselves as the sole custodians of a human religion (as opposed to a local tribal religon) that gave them the rights to feel superior to their "pagan" subjects, who they saw as unenlightened "yokels". A view that has tainted European thought ever since. Another problem (and one that Buddhism hasn't been clean of either, except for some female Buddhas) is that women weren't a valuable part of it, often being seen as somehow "less than human." Perhaps something that some pre-Christian worldviews can help us resolve but once again, despite nominal "goddess worship" women have sometimes suffered the same.
But still, the Roman Christianity couldn't completely convert the native cultures. Often the Christian worldview they imposed had to be adapted to native practices as much as it adapted the natives, so we often see old Pagan celebrations hidden beneath a thin veneer of Christian language. Then later, with the Protestant Reformation, there have been attempts to shed even this and get down to the basics of a human worldview without the trappings of culturally specific practices.
The universal human quality of Christianity is the aspect that I feel is the best of the legacy that it represents. In it I am black, I am white. I am man, I am woman. I am HUMAN. I think in this day and age though, Christianity's true nature could be revived through the gentle clarity of Buddhist understanding and more able to shed its "Roman" quality of Imperial Domination and the Jewish God's claim to exclusivity. But that's my own idea and various interfaith efforts are working towards this.
For me to reject the Christian legacy of my culture's history is to deny a universal human worldview, to once again divide humanity up into local tribes. For me the true legacy of Christianity is human unity, which is why I don't believe in rejecting it nor in reconstructing a pre-Christian worldview as a replacement. What I do believe in is what I've recently taken to calling Reconnectionist Paganism.
For me, this is to go beyond the Christian-centric vision of history we have. It seems that history has forgotten about what happened before Christianity in Europe. The Pagan roots were hidden and denied by Christianity (unlike the spread of Buddhism, possibly). For me, the coming of Christianity in Europe was not the problem. The problem was the suppression of Pagan culture. We could have been more peacfully united in a human-Christianity, where local tribal cultures still flourished and yet had a common human understanding "through Christ". That did not happen though and the Roman and Jewish baggage that Christianity had aquired skewed our historical identity so that we forgot about Pagan Europe, or at least denied its identity. Paganism, for me, is about reconnecting the roots of my British-European identity to a deeper, pre-Christian, one. But I still maintain my Christian heritage, especially its Humanist elements.
The problem, for me, is that if I adopted the Reconstructionist approach and tried to learn to think like my pre-Christian ancestors (Germanic, Celtic and/or Norse) I'd be learning a worldview suited to the way the world was back then, when you stood for your tribe against the potentially hazardous forces of nature and competition against other tribes. In this day and age, when we're in such a small and delicate world, with powerful technologies at our disposal, this tribal worldview (fragmented and competitive, like Celtic cattle raiders or Viking pirates) is not to our advantage, we are in desperate need of basic human values of collaboration and common understanding, something we can find in the Humanist elements of Christianity (at least in the heritage of the Western World).
But humans are not an isolated subject, we cannot have a Humanist worldview without recognising its wider context; that of our living planet. For me, this offers another common worldview, alongside our common humanity. It is the universal context in which we have all evolved within and carry on evolving. In this stage of history, we need to develop a "Gaian" worldview especially since our influence on the environment is so powerful that we cannot afford not to coordinate and focus ourselves together, with the same worldview to orientate ourselves.
The Earth is ONE thing. Humanity is learning this, but in a detrimental and destructive way. No matter what culture you are in, no matter where you live, no matter what beliefs and values you hold dear, we all live under global influence, the collapse of which will be universal, affecting every human being (and plenty of other species as well). Favoritism is not a part of this system, so either we have to find a coherent way of thinking and behaving within the living Earth or go extinct, along with all the worldviews we have developed.
On one level, that of the planet, there is conformity. But at the same time there is room for diversity as the diversity of species and ecosystems (and even worldviews) can attest. Then the "conformity" I'm talking about is not conformity at all otherwise our ecological diversity would not be possible. Instead, I talk about coherence and synthesis.
As a student of Psychosynthesis (founded by Robert Assagioli), I view my life as a single, progressive, path and the various aspects of my personality as a coherent whole working towards synthesis. So too with the history of things, which I view myself as a "synthetic" part of. Humanity is on a coherent evolutionary course, despite appearances (we are diversified as a species but at present humanity is undeniably going through a process of globalisation). For me, the course of our historical developments i.e. practical (agricultural, industrial) or spiritual (monotheistic, polytheistic etc) are legitimate ways through which humanity, as a coherent whole, express what we are, what we have become and what we are becoming.
For me, to deny my Pagan heritage is to cut away at a root of my human identity, depriving it of a vital part of what my humanity is. On the other hand, denial of the more recent Christian developments is to regress, depriving me of a vital part of what humanity, for me, has become. To be "totally Christian" or "totally Pagan" I see as an impossibility in these times where both have played a fundamental part in our evolution as a species. I cannot just "baptise" my past away, thinking it is not a part of my spiritual journey.
To be honest I don't care about whether there is one God or many gods or none at all. I don't believe that's neither important nor REALLY relevant to our present place in history. What I do believe in is humanity and the Earth. I seem to remember one fiction book's take on King Arthur where he was asked what he believed in, the old polytheist religion or the newer monotheistic religion. His reply was something like "I don't know but I know I believe in humanity."
I'll add to this "I believe in Gaia," that humanity cannot regard itself in a separate way from its ecological context, although a distinction can be made. Humanity's current process of globalisation means that all the cultures that have found themselves estranged from each other, diversifying from each other, are now converging, with our new atmosphere of international travel, communication and politics. This is a very volatile time, where incompatible or competing cultures are finding themselves at odds. We grew from Africa and spread around the globe, becoming diversified. But because of the inventive, communicative and organisational nature of humanity, the process of globalisation seems an unavoidable part of our evolution.
My view of Druidry is coloured by this. I do not view Druidry as a local Irish-British-Gaulish "wisdom tradition" to be reconstructed but something that could have found itself growing beyond this culturally bound context. The Druids I view as an intertribal network, providing different tribes and different cultures with a common way of understanding and communication, at its heart I can see that it may have had humanitarian values. I wonder, if the Roman Empire had not invaded Britain, and later Christianity had not usurped the Druids, that Druidry may have expanded and evolved across Europe, uniting fragmented tribes and their different pantheons with common principles. Speculation, true, but one that influences how I practice my Druidry. What's more, what the "humanitarian" Druidry does that Christianity and Buddhism often don't so much is to consider the importance of our environmental context, it has a place for humans within nature. It is mainly seen as an Earth-based spirituality.
The Conclusion: For me, this is perhaps best summed up in "To be "totally Christian" or "totally Pagan" I see as an impossibility in these times where both have played a fundamental part in our evolution as a species."
My journey through Paganism helped me recognise and integrate a deeper pre-Christian identity that was within me and within my culture. But also I see the evolution of humanity as one process, and all of its world views, developments and challenges are part of that process, from the dispersal from Africa and subsequent diversification to the global reconnection we are going through now. Ultimately I view myself as a Gaian, because within the living Earth all of our worldviews has developed, from Animism to Materialism, Shamanism to Scientific Pantheism, Nihilism to Idealism, Polytheism to Monotheism, all have grown within humanity, and humanity has grown within Gaia. Our ideas are as much a part of Gaia as we are.


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My child was bitten by a spider. What should I do?
My child was stung by a bee. What should I do?
My child was bitten or stung by an insect. What should I do?
My child was bitten by a snake. What should I do?
I found a tick or leech on my child. Is it dangerous?
Can my child develop an infection from a bite or sting?
Nationally, about 1000 children under the age of 15 are admitted to hospital each year with bites or stings from venomous animals. However, the Australian Venom Research Unit has found that many of these children do not require anti-venom as there is none available for bee or wasp stings, and many snake bites turn out to be from non-venomous snakes.
If your child is bitten or stung by an animal or insect, it is worth remembering that most of these bites or stings will be simply uncomfortable for your child. Others will be dangerous and require immediate medical attention. It is always worth getting your child checked by a doctor if you do not know the cause of the bite or sting, or the species of animal.
If your child was bitten by a funnel-web spider, firmly bandage the area around the bite and keep her as still as possible. Call an ambulance on 000 or take her to a hospital (BHCc 2012).
If your child was bitten by a red-back spider, wash the area around the bite thoroughly but do not bandage because pressure will increase the pain. Apply an icepack and keep her as still as possible. Call an ambulance on 000 or take her to a hospital (BHCc 2012).
If your child was bitten by any other type of spider, wash the area around the bite with soap and water and apply an icepack if the wound is painful or swollen. If the bite wound has not cleared up in two or three days, make an appointment with your GP (AH 2014).
Keep a close eye on your child after any spider bite, and call an ambulance on 000 if she experiences any difficulty breathing, muscle spasms, severe sweating or any other serious reaction.
Very occasionally, a child will have an allergic reaction to a bee sting. Anaphylactic shock is rarely fatal, but if your child has a rash across her body, swollen tongue or throat, trouble breathing, tummy pain, diarrhoea or vomiting, call an ambulance on 000.
While waiting for help, apply pressure to the sting wound and keep your child as still as possible (ASCIA 2014).
Your child's growing curiosity may lead her to disturb creatures smaller than her little fingers. If she is bitten or stung by an insect, such as an ant, centipede or mosquito, wash the area with soap and water and apply a cold pack to relieve pain and swelling.
Children's paracetamol in recommended doses can help with mild pain and swelling. To help relieve itching, try calamine lotion or ask your pharmacist for antihistamines appropriate for your child's age, for example Zyrtec or Claratyne (RCN 2011).
Allergy symptoms include a rash across your child's body, swollen tongue or throat, trouble breathing, abdominal pain, diarrhoea or vomiting. If your child experiences any of these symptoms, call an ambulance on 000.
All snake bites can be serious. If your child is bitten by any kind of snake, call an ambulance immediately on 000 or take her to a hospital.
If your child is bitten by a snake, calm her if possible but do not wash the bite site as traces of venom on the skin can help to identify the snake and ensure the correct type of anti - venom is used.
Apply a firm bandage to the bitten area and limb and keep your child as still as possible until help arrives or you reach a hospital.
If a tick has burrowed its way into your child's skin, use tweezers to grasp it as close to the skin as possible and gently pull it all out. Wash the site with soapy water and a mild antiseptic, and cover the area with a bandaid.
If you are unable to remove the tick, keep your child as calm as possible and call an ambulance on 000. Do not use methylated spirits or alcohol to kill the tick as it may cause the tick to release more poison (BHCa 2012).
Leeches are less of a concern. A bite is likely to be painless and the leech will usually fall off the skin of its own accord within 20 minutes. Otherwise, the leech can be removed from your child's skin by applying salt, salt water or vinegar. Do not try to pull the leech off while it is sucking as it may tear the skin and lead to infection (AH 2014).
Treatments differ depending on which creature your child has come into contact with, and can involve bandaging the limb, dousing the bite area with vinegar, hot water or warm water, applying ice packs and starting CPR (BHCa 2012, SJA 2012).
If your child has been stung by a sea creature, try to keep her as still as possible and start the relevant first aid treatment. If you know the animal is a poisonous one, see a lifeguard immediately, go to a hospital or call an ambulance on 000.
If your child is bitten by a dog or cat, wash the area with cold water and pat it dry, apply an antiseptic cream appropriate for your child's age and cover the bite with a clean dressing. It is also worth making a same-day appointment with your GP, as a tetanus booster or antibiotics may be necessary.
Animals outside the home can also be a threat. If a bat bites or scratches your child, wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water and take her to an emergency room or call an ambulance on 000. Your child may need to be immunised to prevent disease (NSW Health nd).
If the bleeding won't stop after any animal bite, or a piece of your child's flesh has been bitten off, call an ambulance on 000 (BHCb 2014) or take her to a hospital.
If your child is bitten by another child, it is also possible for the wound to become infected, so it's important to take human bites seriously. If the wound is superficial and you treat it at home, do keep an eye on it over the next few days. If it begins to look infected, make an appointment with your GP right away. Also see your child's doctor if the bite doesn't heal within a week.


text:
Fourth Annual Fried Chicken Fest Runs January 16-23: We Know Your Stretchy Pants Are Ready
POSTED IN » Community, Featured Stories
January 7, 2021 (Winnipeg, MB) – Fried Chicken Fest swoops into Winnipeg again with the ultimate competition to find the best fried chicken in the city. From January 16-23 the first food fest of the year kicks off with participating restaurants serving up their best fried chicken dish to eager foodies who will seek to try as many dishes as they can and vote for their favourite. There are currently 17 restaurants signed up for this event now in its fourth year with more expected to join as Fried Chicken Fest's popularity continues to grow. This year's event during COVID restrictions means Fried Chicken Fest is in full support of the #saveMBrestaurants campaign and message too.
"Winnipeg's restaurants are struggling and we look forward to seeing their creative entries that will entice people to enjoy Fried Chicken Fest at home," says Chef Allan Pineda, co-organizer of Fried Chicken Fest.
Participating restaurants will offer a unique fried chicken dish only for the week of Fried Chicken Fest. Dishes are presented to showcase their culinary skills and offer a unique flavour experience. Fried chicken lovers will be excited by the possibilities—from the spices to the crunch, from the flavour to the presentation—what will be the most exciting feature of each fried chicken creation? Fried Chicken Fest goers are encouraged to try as many dishes as they can and vote for their favourite online at friedchickenfest.ca. Last year's winner–Capital Grill Broadway–will be defending their title this time around too.
"It's so important to support our restaurant industry and Fried Chicken Fest is one way we can still do that during the pandemic," says co-founder Susie Erjavec Parker. "I have been working to share the #saveMBrestaurants social media campaign during this Code Red and Fried Chicken Fest has always supported local restaurants so that message is more important than ever this year."
Foodies and fried chicken lovers are encouraged to visit the website for up-to-date restaurant information and to follow Fried Chicken Fest on social media.
Website: https://friedchickenfest.ca
Facebook https://www.facebook.com/friedchickenfestwpg
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/chickenfestwpg
Instagram: @friedchickenfestwpg
Skating In The New Year
Manitoba Filipino Journal 2020 Year in Review
Save Manitoba Restaurants
At Home with Gardening on the Prairies


text:
Q: How do you stop visual studio 2012 trimming white space on save this is really giving me headaches, ever since I installed the last update pack, visual studio[2012] keeps removing white space at the end of each line when I save a file.
it's fine if I'm working on personal projects, but not when working on team projects where code changes are reviewed that gives reviewers hard time for so many changes made turn out to be white spaces
I can't find any settings that turns this off, there're some posts online mentioning about injecting a piece of macro in the IDE to stop this from happening. Seriously? I can't believe Microsoft delivers such a bad feature that there's no way to turn it off...
can anyone here help me out please?
please note it's Visual studio 2012


Abstract : A User Interface Description Language (UIDL) is a formal language used in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in order to describe a particular user interface independently of any implementation. Considerable research effort has been devoted to defining various meta-models in order to define rigorously the semantics of a UIDL. These meta-models adhere to the principle of separation of concerns. Any aspect of concern should univocally fall into one of the following meta-models: context of use (user, platform, environment), task, domain, abstract user interface, concrete user interface, usability (including accessibility), workflow, organization, evolution, program, transformation, and mapping. Not all these meta-models should be used concurrently, but may be manipulated during different steps of a user interface development method. In order to support this kind of development method, software is required throughout the user interface development life cycle in order to create, edit, check models that are compliant with these meta-models and to produce user interfaces out of these methods. This workshop is aimed at reviewing the state of the art of software support for a UIDL in the context of any development method (e.g., formal method, model-based, model-driven). From this review, a taxonomy of software support for UIDLs will emerge that will serve for describing, comparing, and exploring software support for UIDLs.


Congratulations to the 2016 Ring of Year Awards Winners!
Engagement 101 and its Community of 1.3 million strong have voiced their opinion and here are their favorite rings for 2016 in 11 categories. Our girls aspired to get or actually received one engagement ring brand above all, this brand gets a special award. Congratulations to the winners and the finalists!


text:
24x7 Clean Water In Your Taps By 2024: Kejriwal
Publish Date: Jun 25 2019 12:27PM
Updated Date: Jun 25 2019 12:27PM
New Delhi: Chief minister Arvind Kejriwal, who is also the chairman of Delhi Jal Board, has said his government aimed to provide 24X7 clean water supply through taps that would require no RO purification system by 2024. At the foundationlaying ceremony of the Rs 599-crore Chandrawal phase-II water treatment plant, the CM said that Delhi was seeking cooperation from the Centre to create mega reservoirs on Yamuna floodplain to store the excess water during monsoons.
Kejriwal claimed that while other parts of country were facing water-related riots, Delhi was planning to meet its future demands. The ambitious Chandrawal project, which is expected to be completed in another three years, aims to ensure 24- hour supply in the catchment areas, monitored by a central command centre. Kejriwal said the project would benefit more than 22 lakh residents.
"The government is starting the construction of a 47.7 crore litre water-treatment plant at Chandrawal, which will help supply clean drinking water round-the-clock to 22 lakh people living in the command area of this plant. This include the people of Chandni Chowk, Rajendra Nagar, Civil Lines, Patel Nagar, Karol Bagh and New Delhi, among others," he said.
The CM said that AAP had inherited a 70-year-old system that was completely mismanaged, corrupt and exploitative of people. That old system had now been demolished, he added. "In 2015, only 58% of Delhi's colonies were connected to piped water network. The mafia survived because of political nexus and patronage. But we liberated the water management system from the clutches of the mafia."
Kejriwal added that there were still about 200 colonies that needed to be covered. Except colonies where laying pipelines was not feasible, all others would get piped water in the next two years, he said. He claimed that Delhi was planning in advance for any potential issues arising in the future. "The last time Delhi was allocated water was in 1994 when the population of the city was 1.25 crore. Today it is 2.25 crore, but its share of water has not been enhanced. We will request the Centre to revise Delhi's share soon."
Commenting on the untapped potential of the Yamuna floodplain, Kejriwal said, "Delhi has a peak requirement of about 1,200 MGD. During the monsoons, 6 lakh cusecs of water flows through the Yamuna every day. This water is enough to satisfy Delhi's needs for an entire year. At the moment, we are not utilising this resource. Yamuna's floodplain is large and porous and we can use this to our advantage." He said that johads and baolis were also being revived on a large scale, adding that 250 such waterbodies had been identified and work had begun on these.
More From NEWSMAKERS...
Vilina Wilson BGS National Public School
I agree, we need have clean water for our everyday needs . We also need clean water for healthy lives and preventing us from diseases due to unclean water . So I hope that soon there will be clean water for everyone
Tihar Conducts Dummy Hanging In Nirbhaya Case
There's So Much Of Violence Going On': SC


text:
Q: listview with arraylist,simple adapter in android I try to show something into listview using arraylist and simple adapter.
I tried something like below but in my result shows the last names of the arraylist.
What is my wrong i cant understand.
final ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.mylist);

    ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> list_of_bookmarks = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();

        HashMap<String, String> b = new HashMap<String, String>();

        String[] from = { "php_key","c_key","android_key","hacking_key" };
        String[] name_of_bookmarks = { "php","c","android","hacking" };

            for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
            {
              b.put(from[i],name_of_bookmarks[i]);
              list_of_bookmarks.add(b);
            }

         };

            int[] to = { R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1};

            SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(getBaseContext(), list_of_bookmarks, R.layout.list_layout, from, to);
            listView.setAdapter(adapter);

I just want to show "php","c","android","hacking" in a listview.
And what should be more efficient way to do that.I am a beginner so you may suggest a better way which should i follow

A: Main.xml
<LinearLayout

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="60dp"   >

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/zone_list"
        android:layout_marginBottom="70dp"
        android:background="@drawable/batteryborder"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
    </ListView>

</LinearLayout>

setlanguage.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvName"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:textSize="18dp"
        android:gravity="center_vertical" />

</LinearLayout>

add in onCreate() of your activity file
ListView listView;

String[] from = { "php_key","c_key","android_key","hacking_key" };

ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;

listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.zone_list);

arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this,R.layout.setlanguage, R.id.tvName, from);

listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

A: You're reusing the same view in your int[] object.
int[] to = { R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1};
It looks like it's treating them all as the same object, so each time it adds a new item it changes the previous ones.
In order to use the SimpleAdapter you will need to define each view in the XML with different IDs.
int[] to = { R.id.txt1,R.id.txt2,R.id.txt3,R.id.txt4};
The SimpleAdapter may be simpler in regard to it's internal complexity, but it's definitely not simpler to actually use. With an ArrayAdapter you can just pass it the list of items and let it generate views automatically. It can be any size you need it to be so long as you don't run out of memory. (See below for example)
Once you start working with custom adapters I highly recommend you watch Romain Guy & Adam Powell's I/O talk. It's all a lot to take in when learning, but they do a great job of explaining how ListViews work.
//List of Items
String[] name_of_bookmarks = { "php","c","android","hacking" };

//Create your List object for the ArrayAdapter
//and make it the same size as name_of_books
List<String> listBookmarks = new ArrayList<String>(Array.getLength(name_of_bookmarks));

//Add name_of_bookmarks contents to listBookmarks
Collections.addAll(listBookmarks, name_of_books);

//Create an ArrayAdapter passing it the Context, a generic list item and your list
//An alternative to "this" would be "getApplicationContext()" from your main activity
//or "getActivity()" from a fragment. "getBaseContext()" is not recommended.
ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(this, R.layout.list_item_text, listBookmarks);

//Set the adapter to your ListView
final ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.mylist);
listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

A: My advice to you would be to create a separate class that extends the Adapter(or some subclass of it)
Here is a simple example of a String array adapter.
package ro.gebs.captoom.adapters;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import antistatic.spinnerwheel.adapters.AbstractWheelTextAdapter;

import com.example.captoom.R;

public class LanguagesAdapter extends AbstractWheelTextAdapter {
    // Countries names
    private String languages[];

    public LanguagesAdapter(Context context) {
        super(context, R.layout.lang_item, NO_RESOURCE);
        languages = context.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.lang_array);
        setItemTextResource(R.id.language_txt);
    }

    @Override
    public View getItem(int index, View cachedView, ViewGroup parent) {
        View view = super.getItem(index, cachedView, parent);
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemsCount() {
        return languages.length;
    }

    @Override
    protected CharSequence getItemText(int index) {
        return languages[index];
    }
}

and the usage is simple just use the method .setAdapter();
Or another example which uses an arrayAdapter:
package apc.example;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import utils.BitmapManager;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class PersonAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Person> {

    Context context;
    int layoutResourceId;
    ArrayList<Person> data = null;

    public PersonAdapter(Context context, int layoutResourceId,
            ArrayList<Person> data) {
        super(context, layoutResourceId, data);
        this.layoutResourceId = layoutResourceId;
        this.context = context;
        this.data = data;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        View row = convertView;
        ItemHolder holder = null;

        if (row == null) {
            LayoutInflater inflater = ((Activity) context).getLayoutInflater();
            row = inflater.inflate(layoutResourceId, parent, false);

            holder = new ItemHolder();
            holder.imgIcon = (ImageView) row.findViewById(R.id.icon);
            holder.txtName = (TextView) row.findViewById(R.id.title);
            holder.txtDescription = (TextView) row.findViewById(R.id.desc);

            row.setTag(holder);
        } else {
            holder = (ItemHolder) row.getTag();
        }

        Person bean = data.get(position);
        holder.txtName.setText(bean.getName());
        holder.txtDescription.setText(bean.getDescription());

        Bitmap b = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.user);
        BitmapManager.INSTANCE.setPlaceholder(b);
        BitmapManager.INSTANCE.loadBitmap(bean.getUrl(), holder.imgIcon, 80, 80);

        return row;
    }

    public static class ItemHolder {
        public ImageView imgIcon;
        TextView txtName;
        TextView txtDescription;
    }

    public void updateAdapter(ArrayList<Person> pers){
        this.data = pers;
    }
}

This is an example of an adapter for a more complex class that has more fields rather than a simple string. But that can easily be modified to ArrayAdapter<String> and then go from there.
Anyways i think it's always a best practice to write your custom adapters for listviews.
Hope this helps!

A: Try this one
  public class MyFragment extends ListFragment{

    String[] from = { "php_key","c_key","android_key","hacking_key" };
    String[] name_of_bookmarks = { "php","c","android","hacking" };

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        List<HashMap<String, String>> list= new ArrayList<HashMap<String,String>>();

        for (int i = 0; i < name_of_bookmarks.length; i++) {

            HashMap<String, String> map= new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("key",  name_of_bookmarks[i]);
            list.add(map);
        }
        String[] from = { "key" };

        int[] to = { R.id.txt};

        SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(getActivity().getBaseContext(), list, R.layout.list_layout, from, to);
        setListAdapter(adapter);

        return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
    }

}

A:
Whatever You Are Face Problem Exactly I Am Face Of The Problem Called "List
View Display Last Position Of Data Of An Array..."
The Problem Is Generated With Hash Map

final ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.mylist);

ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> list_of_bookmarks = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();

    String[] from = { "php_key","c_key","android_key","hacking_key" };
    String[] name_of_bookmarks = { "php","c","android","hacking" };

        for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
        {
          HashMap<String, String> b = new HashMap<String, String>();
          b.put(from[i],name_of_bookmarks[i]);
          list_of_bookmarks.add(b);
        }

     };

        int[] to = { R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1,R.id.txt1};

        SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(getBaseContext(), list_of_bookmarks, R.layout.list_layout, from, to);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);

Try Out This One If Any Doubt Created In Your Mind Then Ask Me Whatever Question Again
Simply You Have To Declared Your Hash Map Inside Your For Loop ...
Using Hash Map Inside Your For Loop Variable 'b' Created Each & Every Time With Considered As An Different Object. And Then Simply Array List Display Different Object Of Hash Map.
You Are Using Same Object To Store Value Of Hash Map And That Variable Was Override With Same Name That's Why you Are Faced The Problem
Thank You...


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comes out of a eutectoid steel.
as we did when we described the decomposition of austenite into pearlite.
here is the temperature range over which we're interested.
the lower temperature is where the bainite is going to begin to form.
we start out with our austenite grain boundaries.
in toward the center of the austenite grains.
particles, which turn out to be ferrite, is where the carbon is going.
the bainite structures that we have, the laths of bainite.
So there's our carbon clouds.
that these structures begin to form.
and the cementite that comes out.
grown some more of these alpha phases from the austenite grain boundary.
where the transformation is going to occur.
around because of the low carbon content of the ferrite.
have some precipitation of the phase Fe3C or the iron carbide.
particles are that are in the structure.
we're going to wind up getting different morphologies of bainite.
the principle difference between the two of these is the fineness of the structure.
we're left with this two phase microstructure of alpha ferrite and Fe3c.
types needle like structures which are growing into the austenite.
to the strength of the material as a result of their fine distribution.
to the left here, where we have the schematic of what the bainite looks like.
two different morphologies depending upon the temperature to which they're quenched.


text:
Homepage » Sports » How does Declan Rice compare to N'Golo Kante and Jorginho ahead of Chelsea's visit to West Ham?
How does Declan Rice compare to N'Golo Kante and Jorginho ahead of Chelsea's visit to West Ham?
As West Ham sit fourth in the Premier League – and comfortably top of their Europa League group – Declan Rice has been a fundamental element of their impressive season as his stock continues to rise.
But while many have sung the praises of the Hammers after finally challenging for a place in Europe, the England midfielder has made it clear he has a big appetite for even more success and play among the elite.
'Hopefully the club can get in the Champions League and my ambition of course [is] I want to play in the Champions League as well,' Rice said last month. 'I feel like I am young and I want to keep pushing. Hopefully, the club can get in the Champions League and we can keep pushing.'
Declan Rice has delivered consistent performances for West Ham throughout this season
He has been linked with a move to Thomas Tuchel's Chelsea as well as Manchester United
Those comments came after a defeat by Manchester City, but it is title rivals Chelsea – who Tony Cottee believes would be Rice's preferred destination should he leave the London Stadium – and city neighbours United who have been most heavily linked with a move for the 22-year-old.
Rice was released from the Blues academy in 2014 but has been weighed up as an option by the Stamford Bridge outfit, especially under former boss Frank Lampard.
A mega-money summer move would see him link-up with close friend Mason Mount but there is already heavy competition in the centre of the park under Thomas Tuchel, as the latest Ballon d'Or results demonstrated.
Chelsea's Champions League glory last season at least partially contributed to N'Golo Kante and Jorginho finishing in the top five, with the latter the favourite to claim the award at one stage this year before his sharp drop off in form.
Rice (back row, second right) was part of the Blues academy before being released in 2014
However, speaking last month former Blues skipper John Terry heaped praise on Rice as 'the best in his position in world football'. So how does the West Ham man compare to his Chelsea counterparts ahead of Saturday's lunchtime kick-off?
Groin and knee injuries as well as contracting Covid have limited France World Cup winner Kante to just 12 appearances in all competitions this season, while team-mate Jorginho and opposite number Rice have been ever-presents with 18 appearances each.
The Italian unsurprisingly leads the way in terms of goals scored, though all four – split 50-50 between the Premier League and Champions League – have come from the penalty spot.
David Moyes, meanwhile, admitted Rice had suffered 'a bit of ribbing' last season after scoring just twice for the Hammers in the entirety of last season, including a penalty.
N'Golo Kante (front) and Jorginho (back) finished in the top five for the 2021 Ballon d'Or
But the Scot's conviction Rice can develop into a goalscoring midfield player appears to hold some substance to it, having netted on three occasions already this term, two of which came in the opening two games of the Europa League season.
Frenchman Kante has scored twice meanwhile this term, but both goals came in critical 3-0 wins at Leicester and Tottenham. But the all-action 30-year-old is the only member of the trio yet to register an assist during this campaign.
The crown for this particular category belongs to Rice, and deservedly so having stepped up at vital moments.
His first came after setting up the first of Michail Antonio's strikes against Leicester to put the Hammers 3-2 up, and then following that up with another assist for the Jamaican's 90th-minute winner at Leeds the following month.
Yet the best exhibition of Rice's attacking talent came in the 4-1 win at Aston Villa, serving up a delicious cross-field pass which Ben Johnson fired into the corner, before firing into the same area of the net himself later on.
Jorginho however may consider himself a little hard done by, matching Rice for the number of chances created (14 – three of which were big chances) in all competitions this season, but only having the ball which set up Mason Mount's first in the 7-0 thrashing of Norwich to show for his efforts.
Kante's tendency to also drive forward bursting with energy has seen him create eight chances, perfectly in keeping with where you would expect him to be having played six fewer games than the other two.
The passing accuracy from the trio is unsurprisingly of an extremely high level, although Kante's number are perhaps slightly lower than the average, though his proclivity to break through the lines with his runs than through passing could be a contributing factor to that.
Rice however cannot be beaten for passing accuracy in his own half or in the opposition half by the Chelsea duo, though in truth there is very little to choose between them.
Jorginho has scored the most goals of all the midfielders, but all four have been penalties
That superb passing return appears to apply to both long and short balls, with Rice's cross-field ball at Villa Park perhaps the best example of his ability over longer distances.
However, Jorginho represents the metronome in the Chelsea midfield who keeps matters ticking over while the likes of Kante and Ruben Loftus-Cheek are able to forage forward.
And that is demonstrated in the stats, with the Euro 2020 winners attempting just nine dribbles compared to Kante's 25, 17 of which have been completed.
However, Rice's development as a ball progressing midfielder have seen him complete 28 of the 44 dribbles attempted. While Rice would unlikely have outperformed Kante here is unlikely if the Frenchman had not been injured, but it does demonstrate the West Ham man's ability to keep pace with the rest.
The statistics so far have demonstrated just how far the man who managed just three goals and as many assists in all competitions last season has developed going forward, but it has not come at the cost of neglecting his defensive duties.
Declan Rice delivered a stunning performance at Aston Villa, including an incredible assist
After setting up Ben Johnson he then found the same corner himself with a terrific strike
He outperforms the Chelsea duo in the air – no doubt due to coming through as a central defender as a youngster – by some considerable distance, winning 21 of the 35 battles that he has been involved in in the air, while Kante and Jorginho have lost nine and 18 of their 15 and 26 aerial duels respectively.
The 22-year-old also has superior numbers when it comes to duel success rate, recoveries, tackles won, blocks and interceptions.
That is not to suggest that Kante's powers are by any means waning, having still won 11 of his 20 tackles this season, meaning he has the highest tackle success rate of the trio.
Moreover, he is the player who he has been dribbled past on fewest occasions by an opponent, with his compared to Jorginho and Rice who are both comfortably in double figures.
The attacking and defensive numbers ultimately fail to single out a clear winner between the trio, but Rice's numbers can certainly compare to the Champions League winners' this season and in no way reflect any sort of inferiority.
Registering these sort of numbers on a consistent basis – like Kante and Jorginho have managed to produce for a number of years now – rather than over a period of 18 games will be Rice's next aim in his development.
But with time on his side, and a manager who is as proud of his performances as most fans are in Moyes, he is certainly on the right tracks to follow in the former's footsteps.
Whether he follows them by moving to Stamford Bridge is another matter, but Saturday's game against his former club is just the latest opportunity to demonstrate why he is among England's most exciting midfield talents with a performance against a side who come the summer may court him once more.
But Rice's attacking development has not come at the cost of neglecting defensive duties
N'Golo Kante still comes out on top in some categories despite playing six fewer matches
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text:
Home Business We Asked a Greek American Financial Expert How Wall Street Sees Greece
We Asked a Greek American Financial Expert How Wall Street Sees Greece
Anastassios Adamopoulos
The Greek economy has been hanging by a thread for almost a month. A Grexit went from pure speculation to an official- albeit temporary- alternative proposal by Germany. Greek banks reopened on Monday after three weeks, while cash withdrawal limits remain. Greece, after much deliberation and under capital controls, is finally heading toward the adoption of a third memorandum.
Greek Reporter spoke with Michael N. Bapis, the Managing Director and a Partner with The Bapis Group at High Tower Advisors, to get some insight on how investors from the other side of the Atlantic see the current situation in Greece and its future.
Bapis manages wealth for individual clients and families who invest their resources in places around the globe and he has been working in the financial industry since 1998. Although he was born in the US, Bapis knows the situation in Greece well since his family hails from Vlahiotka in the Peloponnese and from Mytilini on the Greek island of Lesvos.
In an interview with the Greek Reporter, Bapis noted that in the past few months uncertainty over Greece, which he called "extremely stressful", has been high, with the reality of a Grexit being closer than ever and the Greek population seemingly divided over where they want the country to be.
With a preliminary 86 billion euro bailout deal between Greece and the institutions now in place, the money expert believes there is somewhat more clarity and certainty for Greece's future, but that it will take more than just reforms to recover and to restore stability.
"There will be reforms but now it is going to take work on the Greek people's part to say 'ok now we have to move forward'. It's that time. It's time to become entrepreneurial. It's time to fight for their own county and help their own country succeed in some economic way. They have tremendous resources. Natural resources, μυαλά, the mind of the people. Let's put that to work," he said.
Bapis does not believe this deal is part of an "extend and pretend" policy that would just be kicking Greece's major problems -including debt unsustainability- down the road in an attempt to mitigate the negative consequences of a Greek bankruptcy and a Grexit.
Although the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank– two thirds of the institutions- have said that Greece needs a debt restructuring, Germany has repeatedly rejected an outright debt haircut for Greece.
Despite this, Bapis remains optimistic that the Greek debt will be restructured- as it should in his opinion. He also warns that the implications of a Grexit and its contagion effects are being underestimated.
"Historical precedent shows that it is impossible to keep a monetary union intact once the process of disintegration starts," he said.
According to reports that surfaced this week, the European Commission has produced an analysis that assesses the multifaceted consequences of a potential Grexit.
Although Bapis believes the country's trajectory may be more transparent now, he noted that the latest political developments in the country undermine the Greek government.
Following the July 5 referendum, Greek Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis resigned from his post and voted against the Greek government's bailout deal in the Greek parliament. Varoufakis was one of the 38 SYRIZA MPs who did not vote in favor of the deal, prompting Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras to reshuffle his cabinet.
The experienced wealth manager said that this internal collision, especially Tsipras's loss of Varoufakis's support, does not a send a reassuring message.
"I think there is a hesitation of the people because of the defections that have already happened within the party," he said and added "38 people in your own government don't support you. That is difficult. That creates uncertainty for everybody".
A number of fundamental internal changes must happen for investment confidence to grow in Greece, according to Bapis.
"Pension reforms need to be implemented. People need to pay for their crimes if you will. There has to be a crack down on white-collar crimes. There has to be an entrepreneurial mindset that comes to fruition where people start businesses, people are going out on their own," he said.
Overall, the administration needs to build infrastructure and instill confidence among people in the reforms and measures it would be undertaking.
"At the end of the day success breeds success. If they create a successful structure people will buy into it and trust it," he said.
Bapis, who said that he advises his clients on potential investments based on their risk tolerance, had and has clients who have invested in Greece. He noted that although there are opportunities in Greece right now, the potential for investments has to, and will, grow.
"There are going to be extremely distressed investment opportunities and it may take a while to turn around but eventually it will. I mean eventually there is always a bottom" he said and noted that it is hard to tell if Greece has reached the bottom.
The capital controls that have been imposed in Greece since June 28 reportedly cost the Greek economy 3 billion euros in the first 20 days.
Bapis opined that the recovery from the effects of this regime will be tough, "but will ultimately depend on the will of the Greek people to survive and create opportunities amidst this difficult situation."
He also said the Greek Diaspora can help people in Greece by supporting tourism, by supporting the Greek people in their endeavors, and by recognizing the tough situation they are going through.
Bapis sees another important opportunity in Greece.
During the negotiations in Brussels, Greece agreed to create a fund that will monetize 50 billion euros of Greek public assets through privatization and other methods. Bapis believes the fund will work and called it a "tremendous opportunity".
"Anytime you take something and privatize it and there is an opportunity for someone else to come in and operate it, if you the have right operator in place, it always creates opportunity," he said.
Half of the 50 billion that would be raised by the fund will be used to pay parts of the Greek debt and the other half will go towards investments made by the Greek government.
For Bapis, it remains to be seen if Tsipras and his administration will be able implement the program and help investor confidence grow.
"In any case, I have faith in the Greek people and their ability to withstand testing times," Bapis concluded.
Euroepan Central Bank
Greek Government
Greek parliament
Michael Bapis
Curious2020 Jul 25, 2015 at 10:21 am
This is the voice of optimism Greeks in Greece miss the most during these difficult times!


The Saban Center for Middle East Policy joined with the American Enterprise Institute and the Institute for the Study of War in June 2012 to host a one-day crisis simulation that explored the implications of spillover from the ongoing violence in Syria. The simulation examined how the United States and its allies might address worsening instability in Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan, Turkey, and elsewhere in the Middle East as a result of the internecine conflict in Syria.
The Saban Center's Middle East Memo, "Unraveling the Syria Mess: A Crisis Simulation of Spillover from the Syrian Civil War," authored by simulation conveners Kenneth M. Pollack, Frederick W. Kagan, Kimberly Kagan, and Marisa C. Sullivan, presents key lessons and observations from the exercise.
A humanitarian crisis alone is unlikely to spur the international community to take action in Syria.
Turkey is a linchpin in any effort to end the fighting in Syria, but Washington and Ankara may not see eye-to-eye on what the end game should be.
U.S. history in Iraq and Lebanon make intervention there unlikely, even if spillover causes a renewal of large-scale violence.
The simulation suggested a tension between U.S. political antipathy toward greater involvement in Syria and the potential strategic desirability of early action.


Midburn in Israel was an excisting and also challening interessting experience in June 2016. Not speaking hebrew was as beeing apart and feels like out of society which was difficult but opens up also to do more visual communmication and get in contact by using my camera. It gives the opportunity directly asking people and have a kind of non verbal game and dance performance catching views and impressions on the same time bring the presence of the moment with immidiacity. So nice to see these people are so friendly and open to be part of this.
I am very honored for this.


text:
Sur Les Traces De L'Armee Allemande
Grenoble Et Le Vercors, 1940-1944
Michel Lallemant
TEXT IN FRENCH
The aim of this book is to reconstruct at least in part the image of the German troops present in the Grenoble region in 1940 at the end of the campaign for France, but above all in 1943/44 following the Italian capitulation and during the operations against the Maquis forces in the Vercors region, until the end of summer 1944.
The aim of this book is to reconstruct at least in part the image of the German troops present in the Grenoble region in 1940 at the end of the campaign for France, but above all in 1943/44 following the Italian capitulation and during the operations against the Maquis forces in the Vercors region, until the end of summer 1944. It concerns mainly the land troops (Heer), especially the Gebirgsjäger, the air force troops (Luftwaffe mainly paratroopers and bomber aviation), but also the Police (Ordnungspolizei) and incidentally the customs.
Although the actions and the heinous crimes these troops committed have been known about for a long time from the accounts and pertinent studies of the Resistance which distinguished itself in the region, the reality on the other hand is not widely known, mainly because of an almost total lack of photo sources for the period.
Using soldiers' personnel documents, German and French archives but also period objects, an attempt is made to reconstruct a part of that reality, going back on the chronology of the events, following the routes taken by the units engaged, the way they were made up, their officers, the soldiers themselves and especially their losses, and where all this happened within the context of the actions carried out in the area.
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Philippe Trombetta


Apply this shadowing technique to your next chalk lettering design. This technique will leave your design with softer edges and a more finished look.
In The Complete Book of Chalk Lettering: Create and Develop Your Own Style, Valerie McKeehan guides readers through the art of chalk lettering. All readers can learn to master the designs found in the book with over 60 lessons, a review of basic tools and tips, and a practice space to try some of these lessons out. An additional 12 projects are included in the final chapters for readers to practice everything they learned. The following excerpt is from Chapter 3, "Shadows and Dimension."
Create a wavy guideline. Draw two lines (top and bottom) to ensure a consistent wave.
Draw the letters on the guideline. Then erase the line with a cotton swab. The shadow lines here are drawn very tight to the letters, which achieves a different result.
Let's take our "HELLO THERE" example even further. Using extremely light pressure, drag the chalk in short bursts, feathering out your original shadow line. The shadow line becomes much more muted and recessed compared to the vivid lettering.
Then, use a cotton swab to slightly clean up the edges for a more finished look. You don't want a crisp line here, just a soft, even edge.
Excerpted with permission from The Complete Book of Chalk Lettering, by Valerie McKeehan. Published by Workman Publishing, © 2015.