1. The main issue in this appeal is whether Herefordshire Council was entitled to conclude that development consisting of the erection of polytunnels for soft fruit production on existing farmland in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty ("AONB") in the Wye Valley did not fall within the description "projects for the use of uncultivated land or semi-natural areas for intensive agricultural purposes" in paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2 to the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (England and Wales) Regulations 1999 ("the 1999 Regulations") and did not therefore require an environmental impact assessment ("EIA") pursuant to those regulations.
2. The issue arises in proceedings brought by the Wye Valley Action Association Ltd ("the Association"), a company limited by guarantee which has among its objectives "to promote the conservation, protection and improvement of the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and to further the interests of the Company's members and other individuals, groups or bodies opposed to perceived inappropriate development in or adjacent to the AONB ...". The Association brought a challenge by way of judicial review to the council's grant of planning permission for the development. It succeeded before Mr Ian Dove QC, sitting as a deputy High Court Judge, who held that the council had erred in law in finding that the development did not require an EIA, and that the error should lead to the quashing of the planning permission.
3. The council appeals against the deputy judge's order. The National Farmers' Union ("the NFU") has intervened to make common cause with the council, submitting that the deputy judge's decision was wrong and would have adverse consequences for agriculture in the United Kingdom. The Association, as respondent to the appeal, seeks to uphold the judge's decision.
"Homme Farm is located approximately one kilometre to the south-west of Ross-on-Wye, on land enclosed along its western edge by the River Wye. The whole of the application site is located within the open countryside and within the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The application site comprises 377 hectares of land that extends eastwards, from the River Wye, towards the B4234, the Ross-on-Wye - Walford road.
The Council's Landscape Character Assessment identifies part of the site that comprises the floodplain of the River Wye as Riverside Meadows with the remainder of the site being described as Principal Settled Farmlands. The area is of significant landscape and built historic interest: Hill Court is a listed building and registered garden and Old Hill Court is a listed building and unregistered garden. There are a number of other listed buildings within the application site. In addition, Goodrich Castle, a Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM), occupies a spur of land to the south, and overlooks the application site. The site abuts the River Wye Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). Parts of the site are within the floodplain of the River Wye. Various Public Rights of Way cross and provide views towards the application site."
5. The farm is run as part of a larger farming business operated by EC Drummond & Son and is used for the production of soft fruit, arable crops and turf, grown in rotation. Polytunnels have been in use for soft fruit production on the farm for some years. They extend the growing season and improve the overall quality of the harvested fruit. The perceived need for planning permission to allow a continuation of that use followed a High Court decision in 2006 that the erection of polytunnels can amount to development (R (Hall Hunter Partnership) v First Secretary of State and Waverley Borough Council  EWHC 3482 (Admin)) and the dismissal in 2008 of an appeal against an enforcement notice issued by the council in relation to the use of polytunnels on another farm in the Wye Valley.
6. The application was for permission "to continue to erect, take down and re-erect polytunnels rotated around fields as required by the crops under cultivation". Out of the total farm area of 377 hectares, the proposal was to use only 225 hectares for the rotation of polytunnels, with no more than 54 hectares to be covered by polytunnels at any one time and with a limit of 10 hectares on the coverage in any single block. The remaining area of 152 hectares was not to be used at any time for polytunnels, for a variety of landscape, amenity, environmental and operational reasons. That area included the meadows next to the River Wye.
"The application involves the rotation of polytunnels for the purposes of growing soft fruit in the ground and on land that is already cultivated (mixture of arable and turf production)"
"The proposal was considered as to whether it was a project for the use of uncultivated land or a semi-natural area. I concluded that the land was, and had been, actively farmed and that it was therefore cultivated land and not a semi-natural area. Consideration was also given to whether the development was for intensive agricultural purposes. I concluded that the use of the land for the erection, taking down and re-erection of Spanish polytunnels on a rotational basis for the growing of soft fruit in the ground did not amount to an intensive agricultural activity."
9. Although the council decided that an EIA was not required, a large body of environmental information was included in the material taken into account by the council in reaching its decision to grant planning permission. The officer's report for the planning sub-committee was a lengthy document. It referred to the documents supporting the application, which included a landscape and visual assessment, a drainage appraisal, a water resources risk evaluation and an ecology survey. It reported on the responses of statutory consultees, including Natural England, which had originally objected with reference to the effect on the AONB but had withdrawn that objection in the light of recommended planning conditions. It referred to internal advice within the council, including that of a landscape officer who had visited the site in order to assess the visual impact of the proposed development. It summarised the representations, including those of the Association and other bodies which had expressed serious concern about the scale and landscape impact of the proposal.
10. The officer's report identified three main issues for consideration, the first two of which were (i) the effect of the polytunnels on the natural beauty of the landscape and the countryside of the Wye Valley AONB and the weight to be attached to the benefits of the polytunnels in terms of the quantity and quality of the soft fruit produced, the contribution made to the rural economy and the substitution of locally grown fruit for imported fruit; and (ii) the effect of the polytunnels on the setting of various listed buildings and Goodrich Castle. Those issues were the subject of appraisal over several pages of the report. I will not set out the detail, but it was a careful analysis along conventional lines, examining the pros and cons of the proposal within the framework of relevant planning policies.
11. The report recommended that planning permission be granted subject to numerous conditions. The recommendation was accepted by the planning sub-committee and planning permission for the development was granted on 15 October 2008.
12. The EIA regime is governed by Council Directive 85/337EEC (as amended) on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment ("the Directive"). The 1999 Regulations give effect to the Directive in domestic law in so far as concerns development for which planning permission is required. The Environmental Impact Assessment (Agriculture) (England and Wales) (No.2) Regulations 2006 ("the 2006 Regulations") lay down a corresponding regime for certain agricultural projects that fall within the scope of the Directive but do not require planning permission and are therefore not covered by the 1999 Regulations. The present case is governed by the 1999 Regulations but I will also need to refer to published guidance on the 2006 Regulations.
13. The basic scheme of the 1999 Regulations, so far as material, is to require the developer to submit an EIA where the development for which planning permission is sought is an "EIA development", and to require the local planning authority not to grant planning permission for the development unless it has first taken the EIA into consideration. There is a process whereby the developer can obtain a "screening opinion" from the local planning authority as to whether the proposed development is an EIA development or not.
"Projects for the use of uncultivated land or semi-natural areas for intensive agricultural purposes"
where the area of the development exceeds 0.5 hectare.
15. It is not in dispute that the 1999 Regulations are to be read in a way which gives effect to the Directive. In itself, however, that takes matters no further since the description "Projects for the use of uncultivated land or semi-natural areas for intensive agricultural purposes" is identical to that in paragraph 1(b) of Annex II to the Directive. It is also common ground that the Directive has a wide scope and a broad purpose, and that the categories of development in Schedule 2 to the 1999 Regulations, like the corresponding categories in Annex II to the Directive, are to be interpreted accordingly: see Case C-72/95, Kraaijveld v Gedeputeerde Staten van Zuid-Holland  Env LR 265, paras 28-32, and Case C-142/07, Ecologistas en Acciòn-CODA v Ayuntamiento de Madrid  Env LR D4, paras 27-34.
'may itself be so imprecise that different decision-makers, each acting rationally, might reach differing conclusions when applying it to the facts of a given case. In such a case the court is entitled to substitute its own opinion for that of the person to whom the decision has been entrusted only if the decision is so aberrant that it cannot be classed as rational.'"
17. Had the council concluded that the development fell within paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2, it would have had to go on to consider whether the development was likely to have significant effects on the environment by virtue of factors such as its nature, size or location. In the event, that question did not arise for decision and I need say no more about it.
18. The European Commission has issued guidance on the interpretation of certain project categories in Annexes I and II to the Directive. The introduction to the guidance states that experience in the application of the Directive shows that in practice it can prove problematic to decide if individual projects fall within its scope: not only have Member States interpreted certain project categories in different ways, but uncertainties in the interpretation of certain project types also frequently arise among competent authorities. The document aims to reduce the uncertainty so as to ensure that those projects likely to have significant effects on the environment do not fall outside the scope of the Directive owing to issues of interpretation. The objective of the guidance is twofold: first, "the document aims to improve understanding of what can be reasonably considered to be covered by certain project categories that have proved particularly difficult to interpret in practice"; secondly, it is intended to provide an overview of existing useful sources of information at EU level. The document "represents the views of the Commission services and is not of a binding nature", and it may be revised in the future on the basis of further experience.
"The decision as to which specific agricultural practices and which types of areas fall within this project category is bound to vary between Member States, given the variety of land uses and agricultural practices in different parts of Europe. Some countries have included lists of relevant agricultural practices and habitats in national guidance documents in order to clarify how this category should be interpreted.
The term 'uncultivated land' is considered to include all areas that are not agriculturally managed at the time of assessment. However, land areas (fallow land, permanent pastures or meadows) that are temporarily taken out of production but are still counted as Utilised Agricultural Areas shall not be considered as 'uncultivated land'.
The definition of what constitutes semi natural areas will vary from one Member State to the next, given that it relates to the adjudged value of different areas which occur throughout the EU. In this context, the term 'value' will certainly include the nature conservation value of an area, but will also include, where relevant, other valued environmental factors. For example, the concept of semi natural areas may be associated with their landscape and/or archaeological value.
The term 'semi natural' indicates that even areas where there has been some degree of human intervention, which prevents an area from being 'natural', will fall within this category, regardless of the moment in time when the human intervention took place. In many Member States, the term 'semi natural' is likely to be applicable to large parts of the country area, although the extent of management will vary.
The definition of which areas should be considered 'semi natural' may, in practice, depend upon a wider evaluation of the role of habitats and areas or features of high biodiversity interest in the wider countryside (such as ponds, small wetlands, ancient hedgerows, patterns of tree cover) by the competent authority or authorities responsible for nature conservation designations or biodiversity in the Member States. Other potentially relevant environmental factors may have to be considered by other authorities those responsible, for example, for landscape designations or protection of archaeology. There is therefore some margin for discretion, but the main emphasis should be on identifying those areas which reflect natural conditions and which have some intrinsic nature conservation or other environmental value which would be lost by agricultural management proposals employed to permit intensification of agricultural practices.
One key indicator for potential habitat types that may fall within the concept of 'semi-natural areas' of high conservation value will be the habitat types and the habitats of species that are identified under the Habitats and the Birds Directives. Other designations, for example in relation to landscape features, will also be relevant ...."
20. Guidance issued by the Secretary of State on the 1999 Regulations, in Circular 02/99: Environmental Impact Assessment, contains nothing material to the present case. There is, however, material guidance in relation to the 2006 Regulations from Natural England, the competent national authority under those regulations. That guidance was published in October 2006 and revised in February 2007. The reason why I consider it to be material even though it relates to different regulations is that the two sets of regulations constitute implementation, for different situations, of the same provisions of the Directive and should therefore be given, so far as possible, an interpretation that is consistent inter se and with the Directive. There may have been thought to be a greater need for guidance in relation to the 2006 Regulations because the carrying out of a relevant project in breach of the regulations constitutes a criminal offence (regulation 22) and may involve sanctions under the Common Agricultural Policy single payment and support schemes (regulation 37), whereas the normal methods of enforcement of planning control operate in cases to which the 1999 Regulations apply. That does not mean, however, that the guidance lacks relevance in the context of the 1999 Regulations.
21. The 2006 Regulations are expressed to apply inter alia to "uncultivated land projects", defined in regulation 2 as "a project to increase the productivity for agriculture of uncultivated land or a semi-natural area ...". By the same regulation, "uncultivated land" means land which has not been cultivated in the last 15 years, and "cultivated" means cultivated by physical means (including ploughing or harrowing) or chemical means (including the application of fertilisers). Thus the meaning of "uncultivated land" is given by the 2006 Regulations themselves, though the guidance does provide additional information on what may be considered to be physical or chemical cultivation.
low levels of chemical cultivation (e.g. to replace nutrients lost through hay cutting or water leaching, as often happens in the traditional management of semi natural meadows and wetland)."
"All 'Arable and Horticulture' and 'Built-up areas and gardens' are excluded from the semi-natural habitat definitions."
"37. In my view, the starting point in this connection is that in this context 'natural' means untouched by man. It is well known that most of the landscapes of England have been subject to some extent or another to the hand of man artificially denaturing them through agriculture or through technological activity associated with settlement of the landscape. Semi natural land is land where there has been some interference with that landscape, but the natural qualities which preceded or continued alongside man's activities are still clearly and obviously evident in the natural environmental capital of the area.
38. This can be gauged by the statutory and other designations to which the land may have been made subject. It may include landscape and archaeological elements which, although man made, have, through the passage of time, become naturalised into the area and, therefore, valued as part and parcel of its natural environmental assets. Once more, the extent to which these landscape and archaeological elements are prized, and therefore contribute to whether or not an area is semi natural, can be measured by the environmental designations which they have attracted. Man's intervention in such areas may well be evident, but it will not have spoilt, and may even have complemented, the natural qualities which give the area its environment value.
39. During the course of the argument, reliance was placed by the defendant upon the fact that the land was, and still is, cultivated, and that this should have an impact on whether the land is semi natural. Obviously, the fact that there has been agricultural cultivation is a relevant factor, but it cannot, in my judgment, be determinative, because the language of the 1999 Regulations is 'uncultivated land or semi natural areas'. That clearly contemplates that semi natural land may be cultivated and, therefore, the fact of cultivation cannot remove land from this category.
40. Whilst the guidance to which I have referred in relation to the 2006 Regulations refers to cultivation at a low level, that does not undermine the validity of the point I have just made. At Stage A the fact that land has been cultivated does not automatically exclude it from the status of being semi natural. This points up what appears to be, to my mind, a material misdirection in the Council's screening opinion, since it appears to suggest that because the land is already cultivated it is not listed in Schedule 2. That approach altogether excludes what is contemplated by the words of Schedule 2, that there could be a Schedule 2 project on semi natural land which had been the subject of cultivation.
41. To apply this approach to the present case the question of semi natural area needs to be assessed not simply by reference to the appeal site but to the site in its context. A site which abuts a European designated site of nature conservation status, a Special Area of Conservation, and a site of Special Scientific Interest, a site which is within the AONB, overlooked by a Scheduled ancient monument, to my mind clearly comes within the definition of "semi natural area" as a matter of law. It is an area which has within it a significant number of designated sites, or areas, some of which are overlapping, and which are redolent of the high quality natural environment of the kind described in my earlier exposition of the term 'semi natural'."
25. He went on to find that the development was a project "for intensive agricultural purposes". Taking this with the findings already set out, it led to his conclusion that the council had made an error of law in deciding that the development did not fall within Schedule 2 to the 1999 Regulations.
(2) whether the reasons given by the council for its screening opinion were inadequate in law.
27. The first issue is raised by the council's appeal. The second is raised by way of respondent's notice as an alternative basis on which the Association seeks to uphold the judge's order if the council succeeds on the first issue.
28. For the council, Mr Kimblin submitted that the description "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas" in paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2 is imprecise and open-textured and that the same approach needs to be adopted in relation to it as was adopted in Goodman in relation to paragraph 10(b) of Schedule 2 (see para 16 above). The need to follow that approach is underlined by the fact that paragraph 1(a) is unique within Schedule 2 in requiring an evaluation of a specific site rather than simply describing a form of development: it requires an opinion to be formed by someone who is familiar with the site and its context. That is what was done in this case. The council did not misunderstand the meaning of the words "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas". Whether the description applied to the site on the particular facts was a matter for the council, and the court should not interfere with the council's decision unless it was outside the range of conclusions legitimately available or, in the words of Lord Mustill in the South Yorkshire Transport case, was so aberrant that it could not be classed as rational. The deputy judge failed to follow that approach. He did not find that the council's decision was irrational. He wrongly held that the site was a "semi-natural area" as a matter of law, thereby substituting his own conclusion for the careful and fully informed judgment of those on the ground.
29. Mr Kimblin also criticised the reasoning that led the deputy judge to his conclusion. Whether a project is for the use of a semi-natural area is a site-specific question and does not depend on what surrounds the site. Yet the judge relied on features of the surrounding area which are unrelated to whether the site is a semi-natural area. He referred to the adjoining SAC and SSSI; but the SAC is designated because of the presence of a particular species of crayfish in the River Wye, outside the application site, which can have no bearing on whether the site is a semi-natural area; and designation of the SSSI simply follows designation as an SAC. The deputy judge also referred to the fact that the site is overlooked by Goodrich Castle; but the presence of an ancient monument outside the application site, whilst a material planning consideration, is again of no relevance to whether the site itself is a semi-natural area. The fact that the site is within the Wye Valley AONB is of potential relevance, but the central focus must be on the state of the land, which in this case is extensively cultivated farmland. The council rationally concluded that such farmland, albeit within an AONB, was not a semi-natural area.
30. Mr Straker QC, for the NFU, submitted that the description "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas" seeks to convey a single idea, of land largely untouched by man, whether by cultivation or otherwise: paragraph 1(a) is aimed principally at new forms of agricultural activity over land, rather than at the continuation of established agricultural activity. The NFU is concerned about the wide-ranging implications of the deputy judge's reasoning. For example, the Cotswolds AONB extends to some 2,000 square kilometres and is an area substantially touched by human hand, but on the deputy judge's approach it could fall to be treated as a "semi-natural area", exposing farmers unexpectedly to the burdens of the EIA regime. On any account the deputy judge stepped over the line and trespassed upon the function of the local planning authority when he decided that a particular site in Herefordshire was a "semi-natural area" as a matter of law.
31. For the Association, Mr Pereira submitted that the deputy judge understood that he had to follow the approach in Goodman and did in fact follow that approach. His finding that the application site was a "semi-natural area" as a matter of law must be understood as a finding that that was the only reasonable conclusion open to the council on the facts. He understood that he was dealing with the features of a particular site, viewed in its context, on the basis of the evidence before him.
32. Mr Pereira then advanced submissions under four headings: (i) the Directive requires a broad and purposive approach to the words; (ii) taking such an approach, a decision-maker is required to have regard to features of the site and of the wider area that can be considered relevant to whether the site is semi-natural; (iii) the deputy judge's consideration of the facts was therefore lawful, and his conclusion was correct; and (iv) even if he took too broad an approach, the landscape qualities of the area are sufficient to show that the site is a "semi-natural area" as a matter of law. In developing those points, he submitted that the broad approach requires regard to be had to context and, in this case, to the effect of the proposed development on the AONB. The interpretation of "semi-natural areas" also requires account to be taken of nature conservation, landscape and historic monument designations both on the site and in the immediate locality. In so far as the guidance on the 2006 Regulations suggests otherwise, it is not directly in point and should not be assumed to be correct: the 2006 Regulations are based on a different approach from the 1999 Regulations and are themselves very odd, giving no proper consideration to "semi-natural areas". The AONB is relevant, and the impact of the proposed development on the natural features of the AONB is not negatived by the fact that the land has been in cultivation for many centuries: land can be intensively cultivated but still be semi-natural. The deputy judge's approach was entirely consistent with the European Commission's guidance and was correct.
33. A separate submission by Mr Pereira was that the deputy judge was correct to find in para 40 of his judgment that the council's screening opinion contained a material misdirection, namely that because land was already cultivated (or actively farmed, as Mr Withers puts it in his witness statement) it did not fall within paragraph 1(a). Regard was had only to whether the site was "uncultivated land", not to whether it was a "semi-natural area", and a consequence of the failure to consider that question led to a failure to take into account other relevant considerations, such as the significance of the AONB and the castle.
34. Responsibility for determining under the 1999 Regulations whether a development for which planning permission is sought is an EIA development, including a decision on whether it falls within paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2 as a project "for the use of uncultivated land or semi-natural areas for intensive agricultural purposes", lies with the local planning authority. The court's role is supervisory, to check that the decision was taken lawfully. The court must not take upon itself the function of primary decision-maker.
35. In determining the lawfulness of the council's decision in this case, the court must apply the approach laid down in Goodman (see para 16 above). I think that all parties were agreed on that, but it is in any event plainly the correct course. The description in paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2 is inherently imprecise. The degree of imprecision is underlined by the Commission's guidance (paras 18-19 above), which effectively acknowledges that there is legitimate scope for differences of approach as between different Member States and even as between different authorities in a single Member State. It is therefore necessary to ask, first, whether the council correctly understood the meaning of the expression and, secondly, whether in applying the expression to the facts it reached a conclusion that was open to a rational decision-maker.
36. The reasoning of the deputy judge, in particular his finding that the application site "comes within the definition of 'semi-natural area' as a matter of law" (para 41 of his judgment), does not distinguish sufficiently between the two stages of the exercise and gives the appearance of substituting the court for the local planning authority as the primary decision-maker on the question whether the proposed development falls within paragraph 1(a). It may be, as submitted by Mr Pereira, that that passage of the judgment is to be read as a finding that the only rational conclusion open to the council in applying the expression to the facts was that the application site was a semi-natural area. But if that is the right reading, the finding is, in my judgment, both surprising and clearly wrong.
37. Considerable caution is required when considering the meaning of "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas". One has to accept the inherent imprecision of the expression and avoid glosses or attempted re-definition in pursuit of a spurious precision. The Commission's guidance on the Directive and the guidance issued by Natural England in respect of the 2006 Regulations (paras 22-23 above) represent considered attempts by competent authorities at the EU and national level to explain the scope of the expression. I do not think it necessary or appropriate for the court to go further.
38. I need not give any detailed consideration to the term "uncultivated land", since nobody suggests that the application site in this case was "uncultivated land" and on no view could that term apply to this area of actively managed farmland. The debate focuses on the term "semi-natural areas".
39. The Commission's guidance states that an area can be "semi-natural" even where there has been some degree of human intervention which prevents it from being "natural". It refers to a number of relevant factors, including nature conservation value, landscape value and archaeological value, but states that "the main emphasis should be on identifying those areas which reflect natural conditions and which have some intrinsic nature conservation or other environmental value which would be lost by agricultural management proposals employed to permit intensification of agricultural practices". Natural England's guidance is in line with that of the Commission, but arguably more helpful, when it states that most semi-natural areas will qualify as uncultivated land but that some semi-natural areas may have been subject to low levels of cultivation, and it goes on to list the types of land considered to be semi-natural and to explain that such semi-natural areas are defined largely by the plants and wildlife they support. I do not think that the degree of human intervention is capable of providing in itself a clear-cut basis of distinction (cf. Mr Straker's submission that the expression "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas" conveys a single idea of land largely untouched by man). But there does seem to me to be a fundamental contrast between "semi-natural areas" and land that is subject already to intensive cultivation. Natural England's guidance expressly excludes all arable and horticultural land from the types of land considered to be semi-natural areas. In my view that is a proper reflection of the meaning of the term.
40. The deputy judge placed a lot of weight on environmental designations. They can be relevant, as the Commission's guidance shows, but in my view the deputy judge fell into error in the use he made of them in this case. The question for the council was whether the application site was a semi-natural area. The nature conservation areas referred to by the deputy judge (the SAC and the SSSI) are on adjacent land, not on the application site, and I do not see how they are capable on the facts of the case of affecting the question whether the application site is a semi-natural area. The same is true of the scheduled ancient monument, Goodrich Castle. The application site does come within the designated Wye Valley AONB, to which regard is rightly had as a relevant consideration but which is far from determinative. Landscape beauty can arise not just from the natural or semi-natural features of an area but also from the appearance of the cultivated land within that area, and the cultivated land does not become semi-natural just because it is included in a designated AONB. In my view the deputy judge attached undue weight to the landscape designation in this case.
41. In any event, as I have said, the first question is whether the council correctly understood the meaning of the expression "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas". I can see nothing to support the view that it misunderstood the expression or, therefore, that it fell into legal error at this stage of the analysis. The deputy judge considered that the council erred in its screening opinion by relying only on the fact that the land was already cultivated, thereby failing to appreciate that land which has been the subject of cultivation can still be semi-natural. That strikes me as an unfairly narrow reading of the reasons given in the screening opinion. As I read the screening opinion (see para 7 above), the point being made, albeit in a compressed way, is that the extent of existing cultivation (with a mixture of arable and turf production) is such that the land does not come within the description "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas" in paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2. That reveals no legal error concerning the meaning of the expression.
42. The next question is whether, in applying the expression to the facts, the council reached a rational conclusion. I have no doubt that the answer to that question is "yes". I see no difficulty whatsoever in the view that the application site, consisting as it did of actively managed farmland already in use for the production of soft fruit, arable crops and turf in rotation, was neither uncultivated land nor a semi-natural area. Even if I had some doubt on the point, which I do not, I would hesitate to brand as irrational, on the basis of a paper exercise, a view reached on an issue of this kind by council officials familiar with the site and the surrounding area.
43. In my judgment, therefore, the deputy judge was wrong to conclude that the council made an error of law in deciding that the development did not fall within Schedule 2 to the 1999 Regulations. The council's decision was lawful and there is no basis for the court to interfere with it.
44. Although a further question, as to whether the proposed development was for "intensive agricultural use" of the land, was raised in evidence and submissions, my conclusion on the primary issue means that that question does not fall for consideration.
"56. It does not follow, however, from Directive 85/337, or from the case-law of the court ..., that a determination not to subject a project to an EIA must, itself, contain the reasons for which the competent authority determined that an assessment was unnecessary.
57. It is apparent, however, that third parties, as well as the administrative authorities concerned, must be able to satisfy themselves that the competent authority has actually determined, in accordance with the rules laid down by national law, that an EIA was or was not necessary.
60. That subsequent communication may take the form, not only of an express statement of the reasons, but also of information and relevant documents being made available in response to the request made."
46. In the light of that judgment, the Association accepts that reasons need not be given in the screening opinion itself. It submits, however, that where, as here, reasons are given in the screening opinion, their adequacy falls to be considered by the same criteria as if they were obligatory (see R v Criminal Injuries Compensation Board, ex p. Moore  2 All ER 90, 95), and that the standard of reasons must be such as to enable an interested party to know whether the decision has been made in accordance with the law and to assess the merits of the claim with full knowledge of the relevant facts (see Mellor, paras 57-59). That standard, it is said, was not met by the reasons given in the council's screening opinion in this case. A particular point made by Mr Pereira in his oral submissions was that there was a failure to set out the range of considerations taken into account by the council in reaching its conclusion.
47. In my judgment, the reasons given in the screening opinion were adequate, though they could usefully have been fuller. I have already said (para 41 above) that the point being made in the opinion, as I read it, is that the extent of existing cultivation is such that the land does not come within the description "uncultivated land or semi-natural areas" in paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2. That was sufficient to enable the Association to reach an informed decision whether to challenge the opinion for legal error. There was nothing else that the Association needed in order to raise the issues that have been canvassed in these proceedings before the deputy judge and this court. It was not incumbent on the council to set out all the considerations it had taken into account, such as the effect of the AONB. It set out the essence of its reasoning and that was enough.
48. Accordingly, I would allow the council's appeal and set aside the deputy judge's order.


Investors are becoming more socially aware and this is a very positive step, leading to their ability to be able to make what one could call as supposedly 'good' investments. But to understand precisely how to do this, to drive positive change, can be quite challenging for people and companies, and really measuring social and environmental impact alongside return on investments financially can be almost impossible. This is a subject explored by Cathy Clark (2014) in the Stanford Social Innovation Review. Good investing, argues Clark, involves quite simply investing money with a view to achieving not only a financial return but also a social impact.
Primarily, Cathy Clark recommends a book called The Power of Impact Investing, written by Judith Rodin and Margot Brandenburg. The book is based on a major effort that was undertaken to drive a new investment movement, and the book is focused on trying to get people involved in that effort by understanding why as well as how investing should be 'good'. The emphasis is on the use of investment by third parties (not government or philanthropists) to be able to solve both social and environmental problems. It also reviews the challenges faced in trying to invest in places like Southeast Asia and Latin America and how learnings from investing in different places can be used to assist with challenges in completely different places.
The book starts by citing the experience of Ron Cordes, that having built a successful investment services fund in the US, sold it in 2006 by 230 million dollars, having decided to contribute to Society, by setting up a Foundation. After a while he realized that his approach to philanthropy had to change, as he aimed to see more results. He decided to tackle social and environmental challenges with the same strategies as he had used in his entrepreneurship: by seeking solutions that would be self sustaining and replicable. He became aware that more was achieved if he would put the funds into innovative social entreprises being developed by others. Cordes gave a talk in a TEDx event, explaining his process, and his story can be seen as an example of Impact Investing.
"Investors in the early stages of setting up a fund will need to spend a little time thinking about what they want to achieve through their investments, and about their mission, focus and approach".
This means looking at the types of sectors to target and the kinds of groups that the investor wants to benefit. It also means consideration should be paid to the direct impact on beneficiaries as well as the wider impact on communities and society as a whole. Carrying out this research means understanding what the true impact of the investment will be and making sure that it really helps the beneficiaries without doing damage in some way to other stakeholders. Following the planning stage, The Good Investor advocates screening and mapping to make sure that applicants for the investment are able to understand what they need to do to make a successful application. This requires a focus on looking at whether organisations have a well-developed mission, how much impact will be created, and what the governance is like. Potential profits also need to be examined and a transparent approach is necessary.
Following this it is argued that an Impact Analysis should be carried out. This requires looking at risk to understand how likely it is that the desired impact will be achieved. This requires examining areas such as feasibility and whether or not the applicant has a compelling and evidenced approach. It requires developing an impact plan to understand how impact will be generated. In particular when looking at impact generation, The Good Investor recommends exploring the direct impact on beneficiaries, the wider impact on the community, the sector and society at large and the impact for the investor, since the investment does also have to be beneficial for the latter too. The investor may be able to assist with delivering impact if they have a network or expertise that can add value, so this should also be considered.
The third step is making the investment decision and arriving at a deal. The Good Investor argues that this involves "Weighing the four parameters of impact risk, impact generation, financial risk and financial return".
Coming to an investment deal meanwhile requires developing objectives, understanding how oversight and reporting will be achieved and developing measures for protection. Once the deal is set up it has to be monitored and evaluated and this is the fourth step. This helps the investor to understand if the investment is achieving its goals or not. It requires the investor to monitor both the reporting and the quality of information provided, as well as verifying any results and considering how the investment is likely to perform in the future.
Finally, the fifth step is impact investor reporting where true picture of results is provided to the investor. Following a robust process of which due diligence is a part is likely to be very beneficial for good investing and it is recommended to follow this process.
Additional resource: Infographic by Intelligenthq on the five steps for a "good" investment.


Lincoln, Alemite, Graco, Samson, Balcrank, National Spencer, ARO, Cox Reels, Reelcraft, Etc.
OPW Nozzles, Fillrite, Great Planes Industries.
Commercial/Parker, Sauer Danfoss, Eaton, Metaris, Vickers, Charlynn, Rexroth, Force America, Norco Jacks, Otc, Etc. Pump, Motor, Cylinder and Valve Repair.


Recently, I had an amazing opportunity arrive in my inbox. Because I participated in last year's Luminato, a Toronto arts festival, I was invited to be a member of a small rehearsal audience for a highly interactive piece of theatre. It would involve one day in the studio with a brilliant established artist doing innovative work with active audience participation. I looked at that email for a while, weighing all of the priorities of my busy week, juggling all the pieces on my schedule, wondering if I could make it work.
And he's right. Creativity. Vision. Experiences. Engagement. Experimentatipn. I just couldn't say no. Luckily I had the tools for saying yes!
Some of the most amazing experiences I've had have come from saying a brave and unwavering yes to unexpected opportunities like this one. In fact, I've cultivated some habits that help me seize the moment instead of letting these chances slip into the realm of 'maybe someday'. Despite being Sagittarius, I'm actually not that good at being spontaneous and that's why I prepare for it! Let me share my top tips with you.
Knowing what's important to you allows you to recognize a good opportunity when you see it. If this had been free tickets to a sporting event or a chance to learn how to make sushi, it might have been interesting but it wouldn't have rung out with that loud "THIS IS FOR ME" that means an immediate yes. Knowing yourself and what matters to you allows you to make quick and good decisions about opportunities as they arise.
Let your loved ones know the truth of who you are so that they can recognize what matters to you too. This isn't always easy. Our relationships aren't always supportive of our dreams. That's why it's crucial to develop relationships with at least one or two people who will cheer on the yeses of your soul. Let your people know who you are and what you love. Tell a friend or two or all of them what you're yearning for. Not only can they be your cheerleaders but they can also keep their eye out for opportunities that will fit you just right!
One of the purposes of practices is to prepare you for 'show time'. When you regularly show up for your art, for your life, for your self, you maintain a sense of readiness. An actor doesn't wait for the audition to prepare a monologue. She has one, two, three in her back pocket, ready to go when opportunity knocks. Her voice is strong. Her body limber. She is ready to show up for the work when the work shows up for her. Be devoted to your work. Develop your skills. Be ready to say yes when the moment arrives.
Have you heard that saying, "What you seek seeks you"? It's true but so often when we want something deeply, we hole up at home, hiding our desires (sometimes even from ourselves), making wish upon wish that something would happen to move us towards our hopes and dreams. But how is your art, your love, your puppy, your job, your show, your friend supposed to find you? Go to a class or a meetup. Be seen! Sign up for a newsletter – and read it. (That's how I got the dance audition.) Send a letter. Make a call. Start somewhere.
There are no guarantees when you say yes. Sometimes we think that the results should match the bravery or effort we put in but it doesn't always work that way (at least not directly). You may audition and not get the part. You may go to class and get discouraged. But direct results aren't the only results worth having! You've gained experience, wisdom and maybe even a great story. You've tuned your inner compass. I know it isn't easy but use the experience to move you forward. Turn every experience into a win.
You can do that by letting all of your experiences grow you as an artist. Take the time to lock in your learning by journaling out all of your insights and observations (or talking them out if you have a friend, colleague or coach). If it was hard, release your feelings onto the page. Process it all. I always take time after a class or artistic adventure to go to a coffee shop and write, write, write. I don't want to lose a drop of that learning. I want to think it through. Try it on. Turn it over. Take it deeper. Be clear on my own thoughts and reactions. Then I can put it down and rest, trusting that all that I've learned is steeping into my creative soul.
When you can trust yourself to show up, when you know that you can tend to your needs whatever happens, it's easier to say yes to opportunities, even challenging ones. You learn to trust that if an opportunity turns sour, you can manage it and if it is extraordinary, you can manage that too. You lay the foundations of self-trust in your practice and you deepen it by taking it 'off the mat'. When you risk saying yes to something you truly want and you play it out, you build a confidence that in time will become unshakable.
When it comes to these habits and your creative life, no effort is wasted. Whether opportunities show up or not, being clear on what matters, having supportive relationships, devoting yourself to practice, putting your energy out in the world, developing resilience, actively learning and building self-trust will serve you well. Start today.
You never know what is going to happen but what you will know is that you are ready to say yes.
We often fill our schedules to the brim, piling on more to-dos than can reasonably be achieved by a regular human person. When opportunities show up, instead of feeling excited, we feel overwhelmed. We only see two options available – say no or let something drop – and neither of those feels right or good. Instead, make it a habit to leave a little room for magic. Create some space on your calendar so you have flexibility. Pare down your to-do list so there is room for the unexpected. (This is good for both opportunities and emergencies.) Get out of the habit of overextending yourself so that you have energy and presence to share.


Since summer is coming to a close here in the northern hemisphere, I wanted to take the opportunity to recommend Megan's Summertime Sadness. This shrine is one of personal favorites to visit and reread and I hope you enjoy it as much as I do!
Summertime Sadness is a short shrine for an anime short film entitled Hotarubi no Mori e ("Into the Forest of Fireflies' Light") based on a one-shot manga. Megan briefly and clearly talks about the history of the film to give the reader a good grounding on the topic. She also talks fairly in depth about the two main characters of the film and provides us with neat tidbits and minor analysis (such as name meanings and personality highlights).
My favorite parts of the shrine are the Story and Opinions pages. In the Stotry, Megan takes us through a rich and detailed synopsis which makes me feel like I am actually watching the short film as I am reading it – it's that extensive. Megan's writing is also always clear and friendly which helps to really understand what she is writing about. Never once does it read as though she is talking down to you, rather, her pages always read as someone who is very excited to share something that they love. This is why I love the Opinions page. She talks about why this story is really so special to her and you can see that she is really invested due to its unorthodox ending for a shoujo story.
I can really feel the emotion that Megan is writing about, and what she feels herself, through the shrine. I love Summertime Sadness because it invokes these same feelings in me when I read it: the end of summer, the feelings of loss and grief, and yet the joy of knowing and loving someone close to you. The site may be but a few pages but I think it has the ability to resonate with you after visiting.
In the spirit of Megan's other shrines, Summertime Sadness houses a plethora of media and screencaps of the film. I especially appreciate the time she puts into creating 100×100 avatars and gathering screenshots for us to browse.
If you're in the US and are celebrating Labor Day today, which marks the end of summer here, please take some time to visit Summertime Sadness I hope you enjoy it as much as I do!


text:
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Harris Home for Children seeking community support, funding and partnerships
By Kellie Miller
Published: Jan. 13, 2022 at 9:54 AM CST
HUNTSVILLE, Ala. (WAFF) - If you are looking for ways to get involved in your community this year, consider checking out the Harris Home for Children. The full-time foster care center and crisis support program has been serving our community for nearly 68 years, but funding has become a prominent issue.
"We are still dealing with some of the old policies that they have when it comes to funding," said Executive Director Reggie McKenzie. "So we realize that we have to get the community involved in an effort to survive."
Harris Home is greatly funded by the State Department of Human Resources, but right now that's simply not enough. Enrollment keeps increasing as kids from emergency situations across the state are coming in.
"We are seeing a trend now where more kids are coming into the foster care system," McKenzie said. "We need more foster care parents, more facilities like Harris Home for Children because we have seen an uptick in children."
Harris Home is the only crisis program in Alabama, which means it serves kids all across the state. But many of the kids are from the local Huntsville, Madison area. According to McKenzie, about 50 percent of their kids come from Madison County.
"The state needs us to stay in business," McKenzie said. "So we need the community to help, to step in so we can be around another 68 years."
Adrian Hargrove, director of the crisis and moderate programs said he wants to focus on getting their kids out into the community this year. He hopes all types of organizations in Huntsville will hear this message and lend a hand.
"The needs that we have are pretty vast…But everything from financial to sometimes just activities…So if there's an event going on in town…I know the Harlem Globetrotters are coming out so tickets to things like that. The Trash Pandas…restaurants. Anything that we can do to kind of incentivize the program for them, to reward them when they are doing well," Hargrove said.
Harris Home has many great community partners, such as Holder Construction. Hargrove said the company stepped in and renovated one of their facilities.
"Everything from our roof, to fixing holes, plumbing, so many things that we needed…Holder Construction stepped in," Hargrove said. "They raised funds and members from their team really took good care of us."
There are a host of other local groups that have helped Harris Home in the past few years. For example, during Christmas time many community partners raised funds and bought toys and gifts for Harris Home kids.
Bridging the achievement gap among young people is another goal of leaders at Harris Home. It's their priority to ensure all of the kids get the educational support, guidance and mentorship they deserve.
Randy Barbour, the education coordinator of Harris Home said he wants to expose their young adults to various opportunities right here in North Alabama. He said they've worked closely with Drake State and Calhoun Community Colleges, and would love to build more collaborations like that.
"I have done some tours with some of our young people at Calhoun," he said. "Just going through a lot of the facilities really helps them to get an idea of what the possibilities are like out there."
Barbour also said they are looking for tutors and mentors to help their kids succeed in school.
"A lot of our young people come from environments where they didn't have that support academically and so providing that academic support is really helpful for them. I'm kind of the sole parent…I attend all of their parent-teacher conferences, and any other events they have at school. But having a community to kind of wrap their arms around, especially in the academic setting is really really helpful."
If you'd like get involved at Harris Home, you can call 256-837-0332. You are also welcome to stop by the Harris Home office on Church Street to learn more about their needs and other ways to partner, or get involved.
Copyright 2022 WAFF. All rights reserved.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Generation Start-up: How Fine Diner emerged from another failed venture amid Covid-19
While the Covid-19 outbreak has hurt businesses across the globe, Sami Elayan, founder of mobile app Fine Diner, sees the crisis as an opportunity to be resilient and fill gaps created by the pandemic.
"We can't sit back and wait for the situation to improve … we have to take it head-on, look for new opportunities and create sustainable business models," Mr Elayan, 31, co-founder and chief executive of the technology company, says.
Read it here | The National


text:
A Taoist philosopher. Lao Tzu is not a proper name, but is a honorific title meaning "Old Master", though can also be rendered as "Old Child". Lao Tzu's real name was Li Erh Tan (surname, personal name, public name), and he was a historian of the imperial archives in the state of Ch'u.
The oldest surviving biography of Lao Tzu can be found in the annals of one of China's greatest historians: Ssu-ma Ch'ien, written nearly 400 years after Lao Tzu died. From him we know that Lao Tzu was born in the state of Ch'u (presently eastern Honan Province). He writes about Lao Tzu's meeting with the philosopher Confucious (K'ung Fu-tzu) — two individuals who represented philosophies that would dominate Chinese culture and society for over 2,000 years. Ssu-ma Ch'ien explained:
"When K'ung Fu-tzu went to Ch'u, he asked Lao Tzu to tutor him in the rites. Lao Tzu replied, "The very bones of those you talk about have turned to dust. All that remains of them is their words. You know that when a noble lives in times which are good, he travels to court in a carriage. But when times are difficult, he goes where the wind blows. Some say that a wise mechant hides his wealth and thus seems poor. Likewise the sage, if he has great internal virtue, seems on the outside to be a fool. Stop being so arrogant — all these demands — your self-importance and your overkeen enthusiasm — none of this is true to yourself. That is all I have to say to you."
K'ung left and said to this followers, "I know that a bird can fly; that fishes swim; that animals can run. Things that run can be trapped in nets. What can swim can be caught in traps. Those that fly can be shot down with arrows. But what to do with the dragon, I do not know. It rises on the clouds and the wind. Today I have met Lao Tzu, and he is like the dragon."
Ssu-ma Ch'ien later explains that Lao-tzu, having lived in Ch'u and practiced his philosophy for decades, left due to rampant corruption throughout the society. When he reached the border, the gatekeeper asked Lao Tzu to explain his philosophy, and this he reportedly did, in two sections with five thousand characters in a book called the Tao Te Ching. He was never again seen, and it would be some 300 years until Taoism became a major philosophical force throughout China.
Read the Tao or Te by following the links:
1 comment on Lao Tzu (~600-~450 BC)
Pingback: Tao Te Ching: About The Way » One Man Can Human Capital Coaching


text:
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from allauth.socialaccount.tests import OAuthTestsMixin
from allauth.tests import MockedResponse, TestCase

from .provider import XingProvider

class XingTests(OAuthTestsMixin, TestCase):
    provider_id = XingProvider.id

    def get_mocked_response(self):
        return [
            MockedResponse(
                200,
                """
{"users":[{"id":"20493333_1cd028","active_email":"raymond.penners@example.com",
"badges":[],"birth_date":{"year":null,"month":null,"day":null},
"business_address":{"street":null,"zip_code":null,"city":null,"province":null,
"country":"NL","email":null,"fax":null,"phone":null,"mobile_phone":null},
"display_name":"Raymond Penners","educational_background":
{"primary_school_id":null,"schools":[],"qualifications":[]},
"employment_status":"EMPLOYEE","first_name":"Raymond","gender":"m",
"haves":null,"instant_messaging_accounts":{},"interests":null,"languages":
{"nl":null},"last_name":"Penners","organisation_member":null,
"page_name":"Raymond_Penners",
"permalink":"https://www.xing.com/profile/Raymond_Penners",
"photo_urls":{"thumb":"https://www.xing.com/img/n/nobody_m.30x40.jpg",
"large":"https://www.xing.com/img/n/nobody_m.140x185.jpg","mini_thumb":
"https://www.xing.com/img/n/nobody_m.18x24.jpg","maxi_thumb":
"https://www.xing.com/img/n/nobody_m.70x93.jpg","medium_thumb":
"https://www.xing.com/img/n/nobody_m.57x75.jpg"},"premium_services":[],
"private_address":{"street":null,"zip_code":null,"city":null,"province":null,
"country":null,"email":"raymond.penners@example.com","fax":null,
"phone":null,"mobile_phone":null},"professional_experience":
{"primary_company":{"name":null,"url":null,"tag":null,"title":null,
"begin_date":null,"end_date":null,"description":null,"industry":"OTHERS",
"company_size":null,"career_level":null},"non_primary_companies":[],
"awards":[]},"time_zone":{"utc_offset":2.0,"name":"Europe/Berlin"},
"wants":null,"web_profiles":{}}]}

""",
            )
        ]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Some еxреrtѕ hаvе ѕаіd thаt a ѕtrоng rіѕk management process can dесrеаѕе problems оn a рrоjесt by as much аѕ 80 оr 90 percent.
In соmbіnаtіоn wіth solid рrоjесt mаnаgеmеnt рrасtісеѕ–hаvіng a wеll-dеfіnеd ѕсоре, іnсоrроrаtіng іnрut frоm the аррrорrіаtе ѕtаkеhоldеrѕ, following a gооd change mаnаgеmеnt process, аnd kееріng open thе lіnеѕ of communication–a gооd rіѕk mаnаgеmеnt process is critical іn cutting dоwn оn ѕurрrіѕеѕ, or unexpected рrоjесt rіѕkѕ. Suсh a рrосеѕѕ саn аlѕо help wіth problem rеѕоlutіоn whеn changes оссur, bесаuѕе nоw thоѕе сhаngеѕ are аntісіраtеd and асtіоnѕ have already been reviewed and аррrоvеd, аvоіdіng knее jеrk reactions.
Oftеn, соmраnіеѕ that dо реrfоrm a rіѕk mаnаgеmеnt process on a fаіrlу tурісаl multі-mоnth project (no lоngеr thаn 12 mоnthѕ) will identify аnd mаnаgе роѕѕіblу fіvе tо ten еаѕіlу rесоgnіzеd project risks.
Hоwеvеr, thаt numbеr ѕhоuld іn fасt bе muсh hіghеr. Wіth a hіgh numbеr of рrоjесt rіѕkѕ іdеntіfіеd еаrlу on, a tеаm'ѕ awareness of whаt tо lооk for іѕ increased, so thаt роtеntіаl рrоblеmѕ are recognized еаrlіеr and орроrtunіtіеѕ аrе seen mоrе rеаdіlу.
It mау seem thаt рrоjесt rіѕkѕ cannot bе mаnаgеd without tаkіng аwау frоm the асtuаl wоrk оf the project. Hоwеvеr, thіѕ саn effectively be ассоmрlіѕhеd wіth a ѕеvеn-ѕtер rіѕk mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕ that саn be utіlіzеd and mоdіfіеd wіth each project.
Step оnе оf thе risk management process іѕ to hаvе еасh person іnvоlvеd іn the planning рrосеѕѕ іndіvіduаllу list аt lеаѕt ten potential rіѕk іtеmѕ.
Oftеn with thіѕ ѕtер, tеаm members wіll assume thаt certain рrоjесt rіѕkѕ аrе already knоwn, and thеrеfоrе dо nоt nееd tо be listed. Fоr example, ѕсоре сrеер is a typical problem оn most projects.
Yеt іt ѕtіll must bе lіѕtеd bесаuѕе еvеn with the bеѕt practice mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕеѕ іn place, іt соuld still оссur аnd саuѕе рrоblеmѕ оn a рrоjесt over time. Thеrеfоrе it ѕhоuld bе addressed rаthеr thаn ignored.
Step twо оf the risk management рrосеѕѕ is to соllесt the lists оf рrоjесt rіѕkѕ and соmріlе them іntо a ѕіnglе lіѕt with the duрlісаtеѕ rеmоvеd.
Stер thrее of the rіѕk management рrосеѕѕ іѕ tо аѕѕеѕѕ thе рrоbаbіlіtу (оr lіkеlіhооd), thе іmрасt (оr соnѕеԛuеnсе) аnd the dеtесtаbіlіtу оf еасh іtеm оn thе master list.
Thіѕ саn bе dоnе by assigning each item оn the lіѕt a numеrісаl rating ѕuсh аѕ оn a ѕсаlе from 1 tо 4 or a ѕubjесtіvе term ѕuсh аѕ hіgh, mеdіum, оr lоw. Dеtесtаbіlіtу is орtіоnаl, but іt can be ѕіmрlе tо assess – іf a risk is hаrdеr to see, ѕuсh аѕ wіth scope creep, thеn іt'ѕ a riskier item. If іt'ѕ еаѕіеr tо catch еаrlу, ѕuсh аѕ lоѕѕ оf mаnаgеmеnt ѕuрроrt or loss оf a kеу rеѕоurсе, thеn іt'ѕ lower rіѕk.
Stер four оf thе rіѕk mаnаgеmеnt process is tо brеаk thе planning team into ѕubgrоuрѕ аnd tо give a роrtіоn оf thе mаѕtеr list tо еасh subgroup.
Each ѕubgrоuр саn thеn іdеntіfу the triggers (warning signs) fоr іtѕ assigned lіѕt оf project rіѕkѕ. All trіggеrѕ should bе noted, even minor оnеѕ. Normally thеrе wіll bе аt least thrее triggers for еасh risk.
Step fіvе оf thе risk management рrосеѕѕ іѕ for those ѕаmе ѕubgrоuрѕ tо іdеntіfу possible preventive асtіоnѕ for thе thrеаtѕ аnd еnhаnсеmеnt actions fоr thе opportunities.
Step six оf thе rіѕk management process is fоr the subgroups to thеn сrеаtе a contingency рlаn for mоѕt but nоt аll project rіѕkѕ – a рlаn thаt includes thе асtіоnѕ one would tаkе іf a trigger оr a risk wеrе tо occur.
This рlаn will be сrеаtеd for thоѕе rіѕkѕ ѕсоrіng аbоvе a сеrtаіn сut-оff роіnt, whісh іѕ determined аftеr lооkіng at thе tоtаl ѕсоrеѕ fоr all risks. Thіѕ keeps thе risk mаnаgеmеnt process mаnаgеаblе. The risk mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕ is nоt effective іf іt is so time-consuming thаt іt is nеvеr done.
Stер seven, the final ѕtер in рlаnnіng the risk mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕ, is tо dеtеrmіnе thе оwnеr оf еасh risk оn thе list. The оwnеr іѕ thе реrѕоn whо іѕ rеѕроnѕіblе fоr wаtсhіng оut fоr trіggеrѕ аnd thеn for responding аррrорrіаtеlу іf the trіggеrѕ do іn fact оссur bу іmрlеmеntіng the рrе-аррrоvеd аnd nоw established contingency рlаn.
Oftеn, thе owner оf thе risk іѕ the рrоjесt mаnаgеr, but it is аlwауѕ in thе best іntеrеѕt of thе project for аll tеаm mеmbеrѕ tо wаtсh fоr trіggеrѕ whіlе wоrkіng оn the project.
Rather thаn ѕtаrt this risk mаnаgеmеnt process frоm ѕсrаtсh for every nеw рrоjесt, it саn bе fоllоwеd once tо еѕtаblіѕh a lіѕt of gеnеrіс рrоjесt rіѕkѕ аnd triggers, ѕkірріng ѕtер thrее.
Thеn, a tеаm ѕіmрlу hаѕ tо add project-specific project rіѕkѕ аnd trіggеrѕ аnd assess the рrоbаbіlіtу, іmрасt, and dеtесtаbіlіtу fоr еасh rіѕk, ѕаvіng a grеаt аmоunt оf tіmе and hеlріng to ingrain a rіѕk mentality into уоur рrоjесt сulturе.
Upon completion оf thе risk mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕ, a mаѕtеr dосumеnt, knоwn аѕ a rіѕk register оr rіѕk mаtrіx, іѕ created. Thе mоѕt effective format fоr thіѕ dосumеnt іѕ a table, because it wіll allow a grеаt dеаl of information tо bе соnvеуеd in a fеw раgеѕ.
If thе information is іnѕtеаd presented in раrаgrарh fоrm, іt mау not bе rеаd by people аnd will be rendered іnеffесtіvе. The соlumnѕ іn thе tаblе саn іnсludе risk dеѕсrірtіоn, рrоbаbіlіtу, impact, detectability, trіggеrѕ, preventive асtіоnѕ, аnd соntіngеnсу рlаn. Other соlumnѕ, such аѕ ԛuаntіtаtіvе value, саn аlѕо bе аddеd аѕ аррrорrіаtе.
Often, the steps in whісh trіggеrѕ аnd рrеvеntіvе actions are identified are overlooked. However, these аrе vital to thе еntіrе rіѕk management process. Aftеr a tеаm has completed thіѕ еxеrсіѕе once, thе members wіll be better соndіtіоnеd оn whаt tо рау аttеntіоn tо whіlе mаnаgіng thе рrоjесt ѕо they аrе mоrе рrоасtіvе іn саtсhіng changes оr іѕѕuеѕ еаrlу.
If these ѕtерѕ іn thе rіѕk mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕ аrе ѕkірреd, the team саn fіnd thеmѕеlvеѕ іn соnѕtаnt reaction mode, ѕіmрlу іmрlеmеntіng a contingency plan fоr еасh risk аftеr that rіѕk саtсhеѕ them by ѕurрrіѕе. Thеу соuld аlѕо ignore a ѕееmіnglу оvеrwhеlmіng lіѕt оf рrоjесt risks, whісh is whу narrowing thе lіѕt dоwn tо thе most іmроrtаnt rіѕkѕ іѕ сrіtісаl fоr mаkіng sure thе lіѕt іѕ uѕеd.
Onсе thе risk register is complete, іt іѕ еаѕу tо maintain. It can be rеvіеwеd during rеgulаr ѕtаtuѕ meetings, with аѕ little аѕ 15 minutes ѕреnt making ѕurе the lіѕt іѕ ѕtіll сurrеnt. Dеtеrmіnе іf аnу project rіѕkѕ can bе closed (but nоt rеmоvеd completely), if any rіѕkѕ have іnсrеаѕеd оr decreased in value, аnd іf thеrе аrе аnу nеw рrоjесt risks tо add. Thіѕ will еnѕurе that the lіѕt іѕ соntіnuаllу ѕееn аѕ rеlеvаnt аnd uѕеful throughout thе lіfе of the рrоjесt.
A rіѕk mаnаgеmеnt рrосеѕѕ dоеѕ nоt hаvе to be complicated оr tіmе consuming tо bе еffесtіvе. Bу following a ѕіmрlе, tеѕtеd, аnd proven аррrоасh that involves ѕеvеn ѕtерѕ taken at thе beginning оf еасh рrоjесt (fеwеr іf a gеnеrіс lіѕt of рrоjесt rіѕkѕ hаѕ аlrеаdу bееn еѕtаblіѕhеd), thе рrоjесt team саn рrераrе іtѕеlf for whatever mау occur.
Of соurѕе thеrе wіll always bе сhаngеѕ аnd there may still bе ѕurрrіѕеѕ, but thе еnd rеѕult іѕ thаt they are fеwеr, thаt thе tеаm fееlѕ рrераrеd аnd thаt thе project іѕ nоt tаkеn оff соurѕе.


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Nottinghamshire Police
Knife attacks in Nottinghamshire linked to 'petty fallouts' over social media
'Goading' techniques include posting videos on YouTube
Matt JarramSenior Digital Reporter and Crime Correspondent
Young men are attacking each other with knives following fall-outs over social media, the senior police officer for knife crime in Nottinghamshire has said.
One of the main challenges for Nottinghamshire Police is clamping down on those who use social media such as Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and Snapchat to "goad" one another.
Detective Superintendent Simon Firth, who has been appointed as knife crime strategy manager, is set to deliver a major plan to reduce the number of young people, aged 14 to 24, who are arming themselves with blades.
He said some of the "serious violence" that the police are investigating is no longer drug-related but over what has been described as "mundane matters", including fallouts over girls.
Police release pictures of weapons they have seized after stop and searches
He told the Post: "We have seen occurrences where people are posting things (on social media) in order to cause irritation.
Knife crime strategy manager Simon Firth (Image: Joseph Raynor)
"We have seen where people have gone into an area and filmed themselves and putting it on YouTube to goad.
"Some of the serious violence we have seen is not over drug deals or drug gangs but over mundane matters – men falling out over girls or respect issues.
"It does present challenges."
Police to make Top 40 hit list of those attempting to carry knives in Nottingham
It said the police is involved in "cyber policing" where the force patrols social media such as YouTube sites to ensure that grievances do not escalate.
man with knife (Image: GETTY IMAGES)
He added: "Some of the violence we see is linked to fall outs over social media, which is minor. We want to beat the culture that thinks it is acceptable to carry a knife in a public place."
He said the police were mainly seeing kitchen knives being carried by young people, but they were also seeing craft knives, hunting combat knives and sometimes machetes.
Teenager appears in court charged with GBH on 17-year-old in Wollaton
The issue around the link between social media and young people carrying knives is addressed in Nottinghamshire Police's Crime Plan, which outlines the force's focus over the next three years.
Police officers are already visiting schools to educate young people of the dangers and a Top 40 list is being drawn up to target those carrying or likely to carry a knife.
Police and Crime Commissioner Paddy Tipping said it is about "changing attitudes" and using social media to challenge beliefs.
He said: "Sometimes a knife crime offence is caused by something that is pretty petty, calling someone out on a tweet.
"In London, they have celebrities tweeting about knife crime. Getting people to speak out (locally) is important."
Find out about crime in your area
Arrest over Mapperley murder
Police launch arson investigation
Fresh appeal over taxi damage
Arrests over crash


text:
Irina Anatolievna Gorbatcheva (en ), née le  à Jdanov, est une actrice russe.

Biographie et carrière
Irina Gorbatcheva naît le , dans l'ancienne ville de Jdanov (actuelle Marioupol), en RSS d'Ukraine.

Durant son enfance elle suit des cours de chant et de danse.

De 2006 à 2010, elle étudie à l'Institut d'art dramatique Boris Chtchoukine, élève de l'ancien acteur et pédagogue Rodion Iouriévitch Ovtchinnikov. Tout en poursuivant ses études, elle fait ses premiers pas sur les planches, au Théâtre Vakhtangov. Après l'obtention de son diplôme, elle est stagiaire dans la troupe du théâtre de l'Atelier Piotr Fomenko, puis est invitée au Théâtre-studio d'Oleg Tabakov, où elle joue dans la pièce Les Fantaisies de Fariatiev (en ).

En 2008, elle tourne son premier film, tenant un petit rôle dans l'un des premiers films du réalisateur Roman Prygounov : Indigo (en ), sur le thème des enfants indigo.

En 2010, elle gagne le prix du meilleur rôle féminin à la première édition du Festival du film de Transbaïkalie, pour son interprétation dans le film de Vera Storojeva : La Compensation (en ), dans lequel elle donne la réplique à l'acteur Gocha Koutsenko.

Elle participe à un documentaire sur le théâtre de Piotr Fomenko, tourné pour la chaîne de télévision Russie-Culture.

En avril 2016, elle est nominée pour le prestigieux prix russe du «Masque d'or», dans la catégorie Meilleur rôle féminin, pour la pièce Le Songe d'une nuit d'été.

Elle reçoit le titre de «Femme de l'année 2016» par le magazine GQ.

Le , Irina Gorbatcheva reçoit le prix «Star du Théâtre», dans la catégorie Meilleur second rôle féminin, pour son interprétation du personnage d'Elena dans la pièce Le Songe d'une nuit d'été, mis en scène par Ivan Popovski au théâtre de l'Atelier Piotr Fomenko.

Irina est aussi célèbre en tant que blogueuse, et pour ses courtes vidéos publiées sur son compte Instagram. Ses sketches et improvisations sont suivies par 1,7 million d'abonnés

Elle est à l'origine du projet intitulé «Je danse à Moscou», projet qui vise à aider les gens à devenir plus ouverts, actifs, confiants, en les incitant à danser dans les rues et les parcs de la ville.

Vie privée
Le père d'Irina est Anatoli Igoriévitch Gorbatchev.
Elle épouse l'acteur Grigori Kalinine en , ils divorcent à l'été 2018.

Rôles au théâtre

Institut d'art dramatique Boris Chtchoukine
 A propos d'amour et d'amitié, mise en scène de Rodion Ovtchinnikov
 Grand-peur et misère du  Reich, de Bertolt Brecht
 Un Homme est allé chez une femme, de Sémione Zlotnikov
 Les Employés
 La Veuve à vapeur
 Jeanne d'Arc

Théâtre Vakhtangov
 Mam'zelle Nitouche, comédie-vaudeville de Henri Meilhac et Albert Millaud

Théâtre A.R.T.O.
 Macbeth, de William Shakespeare

Atelier Piotr Fomenko
 Les Géants de la montagne, de Luigi Pirandello
 Marins et salopes, mise en scène par le chorégraphe Oleg Glouchkov
 Les Derniers au revoir, composition de textes d'Ivan Bounine
 Le Songe d'une nuit d'été, de William Shakespeare, mise en scène d'Ivan Popovski
 Mémoires d'un défunt (Roman théâtral), de Mikhaïl Boulgakov, mise en scène de Kirill Pirogov
 La Fille sans dot, d'Alexandre Ostrovski, mise en scène de Piotr Fomenko
 Ryji, mise en musique des poèmes et prose de Boris Ryji, metteur en scène Iouri Boutorine
 La Folle de Chaillot, de Jean Giraudoux, mise en scène de Piotr Fomenko
 Mère Courage et ses enfants, de Bertolt Brecht, metteur en scène Kirill Vytoptov

Filmographie
 2008 — Indigo (en )
 2010 — La Compensation (en )
 2012 — Familles à vendre (en )
 2017 — Arythmie (en )
 2018 — Je maigris (en )
 2018 — L'Entraîneur (en )
 2018 — Histoire d'une nomination (en )
 2020 :  () d'Alexeï Noujny : Zola
 2021 — Para iz buduchtchego ()

Participation à des projets musicaux et télévisuels
 En , Irina participe au clip du chanteur pop ukrainien, Ivan Dorn : «Tu es toujours trop» (en ).
 Toujours en 2016, elle tourne dans le clip «La mouche» (en ), du groupe Zvéri.
 En , elle tourne dans le clip «Danse avec moi» (en ), de la chanteuse Polina Gagarina. Elle y interprète une professeur de danse, amenée à aussi guérir les problèmes psychologiques de ses élèves.
 Elle est régulièrement invitée de l'émission «Ourgant, la nocturne» (en ), animée par Ivan Ourgant, sur la Première Chaîne.
 Elle collabore avec la société de cosmétique suédoise Oriflame pour laquelle elle a joué dans la publicité Anticasting.

Prix et nominations
 2010 — Prix de la meilleure actrice au Festival du film de Transbaïkalie pour son rôle dans La Compensation, de Vera Storojeva.
 2016 — Nominée pour le Masque d'or du meilleur rôle féminin dans Le Songe d'une nuit d'été, au théâtre de l'Atelier Piotr Fomenko.
 2016 — Masque d'or du meilleur spectacle pour Le Songe d'une nuit d'été, au théâtre de l'Atelier Piotr Fomenko.
 2017 — Meilleur rôle féminin dans le film Arythmie, au Festival du film russe de l'Oural.
 2018 — Meilleure actrice au cinéma dans le film Arythmie, à la  cérémonie des Aigles d'or.
 2018 — Nika de la meilleure actrice dans le film Arythmie, à la  cérémonie des Nika.
 2022 — Meilleure actrice dans un second rôle dans le film Ogon, à la  cérémonie des Aigles d'or.

Liens externes

Notes et références

Actrice russe
Étudiant de l'Institut d'art dramatique Boris-Chtchoukine
Lauréat d'un aigle d'or
Lauréat d'un prix Nika
Lauréat du Masque d'or
Naissance en avril 1988
Naissance en RSFS de Russie
Naissance à Marioupol

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Pruitt Named to Scholar All-South Region Team
KANSAS CITY, Mo. – Peyton Pruitt, a junior defender on the Catawba women's soccer team, earned 2018 United Soccer Coaches Women's Scholar All-South Region Third Team honors.
"I'm very proud of Peyton for this accomplishment," Head Coach Nick Brown said. "She does such a great job both on and off the field for us."
This is the first such honor for the Davidson, North Carolina native, who carries a 3.92 grade-point average in integrated marketing communications. Pruitt is a two-time member of the South Atlantic Conference Commissioner's Honor Roll and the Catawba College Presidential Honor Roll. She qualified for the dean's list each of her four semesters.
Pruitt is the eighth Lady Indian to be named to the Scholar All-Region Team and the ninth honor in program history.
On the field, she anchored the back line for Catawba, helping her team reach the NCAA tournament for the first time in 10 years.
"She knows how to manage her time on daily a basis and that is why she is able to perform at such a high level on the field and in the classroom," Brown said. "Peyton would be a great person for an aspiring student-athlete to talk to on how to manage studies and their sport."
2018 United Soccer Coaches NCAA Division II Women's Scholar All-South Region Team
GK, Veronica Smeltzer, Sr., Limestone College, Athletic Training, 3.76, Glendora, Calif. - D, Lea Hippauf, Sr., Limestone College, Psychology, 3.86, Borsfleth, Germany - D, Amanda Murphy, Jr., Columbus State University, Nursing, 3.46, Winter Springs, Fla. - D, Christina Shimshock, Jr., Lenoir-Rhyne University, Health & Exercise Science, 3.81, Asheville, N.C. - M, Natalie Prater, Sr., West Virginia Wesleyan College, Exercise Science, 3.34, Bridgeport, W.Va. - M, Holly Rawcliffe, Sr., Limestone College, Strength & Conditioning, 3.85, Preston, England - M, Jill Richards, Sr., Rollins College, Anthropology, 3.72, Maitland, Fla. - M, Audrey Van Der Elst, Sr., Bellarmine University, Biology, 3.88, Louisville, Ky. - M, Marissa Zetty, Jr., West Virginia Wesleyan College, Nursing, 3.89, Grindstone, Pa. - F, Abigail Brown, Sr., Lenoir-Rhyne University, Health & Exercise Science, 3.87, Leeds, England - F, Riley Clark, Jr., Columbus State University, Nursing, 3.82, Peachtree City, Ga. - F, Mia Hollingsworth, Sr., Lee University, Psychology, 3.73, Libertyville, Ill. - F, TeMia Pride, Jr., University of West Alabama, Business Administration, 3.30, Huntsville, Ala.
Second Team
GK, Kelly Rowswell, Jr., Rollins College, Business Management, 3.32, Orlando, Fla. - D, Jennafer Alonge, Sr., West Virginia Wesleyan College, Nursing, 3.44, Bridgeport, W.Va. - D, Rachel Coutinho, Sr., Belmont Abbey College, Business, 3.87, Cornelius, N.C. - D, Claire Neibergall, Sr., Lenoir-Rhyne University, Computer Science, 3.76, Springfield, Ill. - D, Alex O'Brien, Sr., West Virginia Wesleyan College, Exercise Science, 3.50, Newtown, Pa. - M, Marlee Gunn-Coleman, Sr., University of Charleston, Athletic Training, 3.73, Manchester, Conn. - M, Maria Munoz, Jr., Florida Institute of Technology, Accounting, 3.51, Weston, Fla. - M, Aqsa Mushtaq, Jr., Lenoir-Rhyne University, Psychology, 3.39, Bradford, England - F, Ashley Lewis, Jr., Valdosa State University, Health & Physical Education, 3.40, Lawrenceville, Ga. - F, Alex Mathis, Sr., Limestone College, Psychology, 3.89, Cowpens, S.C. - F, Millie Shaw, Sr., Limestone College History, 4.00, Halifax, England - F, Stacey Scott, Sr., University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Social Work, 3.43, Jacksonville, N.C.
Third Team
GK, Chelsea Hubner, Jr., West Virginia Wesleyan College, Athletic Training, 3.70, Pittsburgh, Pa. - D, Erika Joldrichsen, Jr., Bellarmine University, Biology, 4.00, Perrysburg, Ohio - D, Peyton Pruitt, Jr., Catawba College, Integrated Marketing Communications, 3.92, Davidson, N.C. - M, Kayla Douglas, Sr., University of West Florida, General Business, 3.61, Fort Walton Beach, Fla. - M, Nicole McMillen, Sr., Tusculum University, Business Administration, 3.91, Toronto, Ont., Canada - M, Helen Schweiger, Sr., Southern Wesleyan University, Psychology, 3.89, Freiburg, Germany - M, Flo Spano, Jr., Columbus State University, Business, 3.55, Quebec City, Que., Canada - M, Victoria Swift, Sr., University of West Florida, Sport Management, 3.51, Freeport, Trinidad and Tobago - F, Daphne Heyaime, Jr., Newberry College, Digital Marketing, 3.80, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic - F, Brooke Nail, Sr., Columbus State University, Political Science, 3.51, Douglasville, Ga. - F, Morgan Patton, Jr. , Belmont Abbey College, Psychology, 3.69 , Jacksonville, Fla. - F, Holly Talbut-Smith, Sr., Carson-Newman University, Exercise Science, 3.74, Crawley, England
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text:
Resources › For Students and Parents
High School Vocabulary in Context Worksheets
Caiaimage/Sam Edwards/Getty Images
Test Prep Strategies
GRE Test Prep
LSAT Test Prep
Kelly Roell
Education Expert
B.A., English, University of Michigan
Kelly Roell is the author of "Ace the ACT. " She has a master's degree in secondary English education and has worked as a high school English teacher.
One of the skills tested most frequently on standardized tests from the PSAT to the ACT is reading comprehension. Many people focus on reading skills like finding the main idea, determining author's purpose and making inferences when they practice for their tests, assuming that the vocabulary in context questions will be a breeze. Vocab in context questions can be tricky, though, especially if you haven't prepared!
Why Context Is Important
Guessing a vocab word on a standardized test will almost always garner an incorrect answer because test prep writers use vocabulary words in different ways according to the context.
For example, the word "striking" seems pretty straightforward, right? If a friend asked you, "What does 'striking' mean?" You might say, something like "hitting" or "beating" as in the instance of lightning striking. However, in other situations, the word can mean killing. Or missing the ball with your bat. It can also mean beautiful "What a striking sunset!" or that you're heading somewhere "We were striking out for the Great Plains and nothing was going to stop us." If you answer the question without context, you may miss out on some test points.
Before you take your next standardized exam, master, a few of this vocabulary in context worksheets. Teachers, feel free to use the free pdf files in your classroom for test prep practice or quick, easy substitute lesson plans.
How to Understand a Vocabulary Word in Context
More Reading Comprehension Practice Worksheets
Vocabulary in Context Worksheet 1
Getty Images | Jan Bruggeman
Reading Selection: An excerpt from "The Boarded Window". "It was first published in the San Francisco Examiner on April 12th, 1891; Bierce made some revisions before including it in Tales of Soldiers and Civilians in 1892.
Author: Ambrose Bierce
Genre: Short story
Number of Questions: 5 multiple-choice questions
Vocabulary Words: indigence, suffered, traversing, lusterless, retained
Getty Images | Serge
Reading Selection: An excerpt from "The Necklace". "The Necklace" or "The Diamond Necklace" as written by some, was first published on February 17, 1884, in the French newspaper Le Gaulois.The story has become one of Maupassant's popular works and is well known for its ending. It is also the inspiration for Henry James's short story, "Paste".
Author: Guy de Maupassant
Vocabulary Words: blundered, mean, gallantries, exultant, select
Reading on Standardized Tests
Wondering what the reading comprehension sections will look like on various standardized exams? Here are a few from some of the most popular standardized tests with information about the skills and content you should know before you test. Enjoy!
PSAT Critical Reading
SAT Critical Reading
LSAT Reading Comprehension
MCAT Verbal Reasoning
Roell, Kelly. "High School Vocabulary in Context Worksheets." ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, thoughtco.com/high-school-vocabulary-in-context-worksheets-3211567. Roell, Kelly. (2020, August 27). High School Vocabulary in Context Worksheets. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/high-school-vocabulary-in-context-worksheets-3211567 Roell, Kelly. "High School Vocabulary in Context Worksheets." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/high-school-vocabulary-in-context-worksheets-3211567 (accessed January 27, 2023).
The 8 Best GRE Prep Books
The Best LSAT Prep Books
The 8 Best GMAT Prep Books
English Vocabulary Practice: The Necklace
Reading Comprehension Practice Questions
ACT Reading Test Questions, Content, and Scores
SAT French Subject Test Information
4 Types of Context Clues
Vocab Practice Worksheet 1
Understanding Vocabulary Words in Context
Third Grade Reading Comprehension Books
Graduate School Admissions Exams
Deciding Between the IELTS or TOEFL Exams
LSAT Sections: What's on the LSAT?
Inference: A Critical Assumption
Nonfiction Reading Comprehension Worksheets


text:
First Georgia doctor to die of COVID-19 to be buried in Savannah
Dr. John D. Marshall, Jr. will be buried in Savannah, where he was born and raised.
Updated: 9:30 AM EDT Aug 22, 2020
WJCL
SOURCE: WJCL
Dr. John D. Marshall, Jr., whom the Atlanta Journal Constitution reports is one of the first doctors in Georgia to die of COVID-19, will have his funeral in Savannah today.According to Sylvania Funeral Homes, Dr. Marshall will be buried at Hillcrest Abbey West Cemetery.Dr. Marshall's obituary on Sylvania Funeral Homes' website says he was born and raised in Savannah, eventually graduating from Alfred E. Beach High School in 1964. He then earned his undergraduate degree at Savannah State University.The AJC reports Dr. Marshall was exposed to COVID-19 while attending to a patient in Americus five months ago. After a long battle with the disease, he died Aug. 12.
SAVANNAH, Ga. —
Dr. John D. Marshall, Jr., whom the Atlanta Journal Constitution reports is one of the first doctors in Georgia to die of COVID-19, will have his funeral in Savannah today.
According to Sylvania Funeral Homes, Dr. Marshall will be buried at Hillcrest Abbey West Cemetery.
Dr. Marshall's obituary on Sylvania Funeral Homes' website says he was born and raised in Savannah, eventually graduating from Alfred E. Beach High School in 1964. He then earned his undergraduate degree at Savannah State University.
The AJC reports Dr. Marshall was exposed to COVID-19 while attending to a patient in Americus five months ago. After a long battle with the disease, he died Aug. 12.


text:
Sette note in nero
Sette note in nero is a movie starring Jennifer O'Neill, Gabriele Ferzetti, and Marc Porel. A clairvoyant woman discovers a skeleton in a wall in her husband's house, and seeks to find the truth about what happened to the victim.
Genres: Thriller, Mystery
Actors: Jennifer O'Neill, Gabriele Ferzetti, Marc Porel, Gianni Garko
Director: Lucio Fulci
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The G.I. Joe team is framed for crimes against the country by Zartan, disguised as the President, and Cobra Commander has all the world leaders ...
Actors: Dwayne Johnson, Jonathan Pryce, Byung-hun Lee, Elodie Yung, Ray Stevenson, D.J. Cotrona, Adrianne Palicki, Channing Tatum, Ray Park, Luke Bracey, Walton Goggins, Arnold Vosloo, Joseph Mazzello, Nick Erickson, RZA
When her husband goes missing during their Caribbean vacation, a woman sets off on her own to take down the men she thinks are responsible.
Country: UK, Puerto Rico
Actors: Gina Carano, Cam Gigandet, Danny Trejo, Luis Guzmán, Stephen Lang, Amaury Nolasco, Ismael Cruz Cordova, Treat Williams, Yvette Yates, Eloise Mumford, Ben Hernandez Bray, Pablo Cunqueiro, Raul Alcocer, Hannah Cowley, Paloma Louvat
Wes Block is a detective who's put on the case of a serial killer whose victims are young and pretty women, that he rapes and ...
Actors: Clint Eastwood, Geneviève Bujold, Dan Hedaya, Alison Eastwood, Jenny Beck, Marco St. John, Rebecca Perle, Regina Richardson, Randi Brooks, Jamie Rose, Margaret Howell, Rebecca Clemons, Janet MacLachlan, Graham Paul, Bill Holliday
Kings of the Sun
In order to flee from powerful enemies, young Mayan king Balam leads his people north across the Gulf of Mexico to the coast of what ...
Genres: History, Drama, Thriller, Adventure
Actors: Yul Brynner, George Chakiris, Shirley Anne Field, Richard Basehart, Brad Dexter, Barry Morse, Armando Silvestre, Leo Gordon, Victoria Vetri, Rudy Solari, Ford Rainey, Angel Di Steffano, José Moreno
Samantha Sherwood has worked with the well-known director Jonathan Stryker on all his major films. She naturally assumes she has been given the title role ...
Actors: John Vernon, Samantha Eggar, Linda Thorson, Anne Ditchburn, Lynne Griffin, Sandee Currie, Lesleh Donaldson, Deborah Burgess, Michael Wincott, Maury Chaykin, Joann McIntyre, Calvin Butler, Kate Lynch, Booth Savage, William Marshall
James (Hayden Christensen) owes his life to his older brother, Frankie (Adrien Brody) after taking the rap for a crime they committed together. While Frankie ...
Country: Canada, Luxembourg
Actors: Hayden Christensen, Adrien Brody, Jordana Brewster, Akon, Tory Kittles, Luis Da Silva Jr., Lance E. Nichols, John McConell, Joe Chrest, Aaron V. Williamson, Rachel Bilson, Laura Cayouette, Carol Sutton, Elena Sanchez, Belinda Delgado
Based on the True story of Journalist Gary Webb. The film takes place in the mid 1990s, when Webb uncovered the CIA's past role in ...
Genres: Biography, Crime, Drama, Thriller, Mystery
Actors: Jeremy Renner, Robert Patrick, Jena Sims, Robert Pralgo, Hajji Golightly, Ted Huckabee, Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Lucas Hedges, Rosemarie DeWitt, Matt Lintz, Parker Douglas, Kai Schmoll, Joshua Close, Paz Vega, Aaron Farb
Children of the Corn V: Fields of Terror
Six college students take a wrong turn and find themselves lost in a strangely deserted rural town... only to discover that this deceptively quiet place ...
Actors: Stacy Galina, Alexis Arquette, Eva Mendes, Greg Vaughan, Angela Jones, Ahmet Zappa, Fred Williamson, Dave Buzzotta, Olivia Burnette, Adam Wylie, David Carradine, Aaron Jackson, Matthew Tait, Kane Hodder, Jennifer Badger
Retired FBI profiler Terry McCaleb (Eastwood), who has recently had a heart transplant, is hired by Graciela Rivers (De Jesus), to investigate the death of ...
Genres: Action, Crime, Drama, Thriller, Mystery
Actors: Clint Eastwood, Jeff Daniels, Anjelica Huston, Wanda De Jesus, Tina Lifford, Paul Rodriguez, Dylan Walsh, Mason Lucero, Gerry Becker, Rick Hoffman, Alix Koromzay, Igor Jijikine, Dina Eastwood, Beverly Leech, June Kyoto Lu
Trailer: Sette note in nero
Report: Sette note in nero
Download Subtitle: Sette note in nero


Tim Holtz Distress Oxides Ink Pad - Evergreen Bough - Water-reactive & pigment ink fusion that creates an oxidized effect when sprayed with water. Use with stamps, stencils, and direct to surfaces. This package contains one 3x3 inch ink pad.


As the celebrity chef wildfire sweeps the nation, we're finding our store shelves becoming more and more occupied with familiar faces and names of food stardom.
One of the latest includes a lineup of sauces and salsas stamped with the familiar blond spiky hair and punk rock attitude of Guy Fieri.
Today, I decided to grab a bottle and give it a shot and see if was (as Guy would say) "off the hook".


Raye P. Mayhorn, "The Real Estate Lady", started her career in 1979, part-time while stationed at Fort Huachuca, Arizona as an army air traffic controller. She perfected her selling and marketing skills and became a top associate for her first company.
In 1983 she moved to Texas and obtained her broker's license, then a degree in real state and finally in 1988, with a partner, they opened AMERICAN DREAM REALTORS.
By 1993 Raye was on the move again and working for a successful brokerage in Killeen. She dedicated her time and energy to promote her profession and her community by serving on various boards, committees, and civic organizations.
In February 1998 she purchased the REALTY EXECUTIVES franchise for Killeen and relocated to its new home that July. In May 2006 she purchased the Temple franchise from Realty Executives International.
Finally in March 2012, Raye purchased the remaining territories for Killeen, Temple, Belton, Copperas Cove, Harker Heights, Lampasas, Salado and the surrounding communities.
Raye estimates that she's closed thousands of homes since her career started. When you hire Raye P. Mayhorn, not only do you get a leader and a manager, you get a hard working realtor that knows the market and activity lists along with selling every day. Raye contributes much of her success to the help of her family as they work with her to help run the business.