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The Golden Age of Flanders, or Flemish Golden Age, is a term that has been used to describe the flourishing of cultural and economic activities of the Low Countries around the 16th century. The term Flanders in the 1500s referred to the entire Habsburg Netherlands within the Burgundian Circle of the Holy Roman Empire and inclusive of modern-day Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. Its political capital was Brussels, while the financial-economic centre was Antwerp. Other major artistic and cultural centres of the period included Bruges, Ghent, Mechelen and Leuven. It is also grouped with the Dutch Golden Age, a more common term used primarily in reference to the Dutch Republic, and typically dated from 1588 to 1672, within a "Flemish and Dutch golden age" covering the period from the late 15th to the 17th century.

History

On 24 February 1500, Charles of Ghent was born to Philip the Handsome (son of  Mary of Burgundy and Maximilian I of Austria) and Joanna the Mad (daughter of Isabella of Castille and Ferdinand II of Aragon). Charles eventually inherited the four crowns of Burgundy (1506), Castile (1516), Aragon (1516), and Austria (1519).

The inheritances of Burgundy and Austria made him respectively Lord of the Netherlands and Archduke of Austria, giving to one person an unprecedented amount of direct possessions within the Holy Roman Empire. The inheritances of Castile and Aragon formed a Spanish empire that stretched from the Castilian West Indies to the Aragonese Two Sicilies. The election as Holy Roman Emperor in 1519 crowned Charles' dynastic fortunes, giving him sovereignty in Germany and North Italy as a formal successor of Charlemagne. Charles was also heir of the imperial idea of the House of Austria: A.E.I.O.U ("Austria Est Imperare Orbi Universo", it is Austria's destiny to rule the world). In an age of high renaissance and global explorations, when reformed churches and national monarchies were emerging, Charles embraced the medieval dream of building a universal monarchy in the Old World of Christendom.

Given that Charles was a Fleming and that Burgundian chivalric culture formed the basis of his beliefs, Brussels would ascend from capital of the Habsburg Netherlands to main seat of his itinerant court. Having added Spanish Mexico, German Venezuela, Spanish Peru, the Duchy of Milan, and the kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia to his composite monarchy, he styled himself as the ruler of an empire on which the sun never sets.

Charles V also expanded the Netherlands' territory. He first added Tournai and the Tournaisis, under French influence until 1521.
In 1524, Friesland was conquered and renamed Lordship of Frisia. During the Guelders Wars Charles annexed the Lordship of Utrecht and Lordship of Overijssel, the Lordship of Groningen and County of Drenthe.
In 1543, Charles V finally obtained the Duchy of Guelders and the County of Zutphen. With the  Pragmatic Sanction of 1549, all Low Countries' territories were merged into the Seventeen Provinces.

However, the abdications of Brussels formalized by Charles V between 1554 and 1556 divided the House of Habsburg and its possessions between a Spanish branch led by Philip II of Spain and a German-Austrian branch led by Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles abdicated in favor of his son Philip the Two Sicilies and the Duchy of Milan in July 1554, the Habsburg Netherlands in October 1555, and the kingdoms of Spain and the Americas in January 1556. Philip was secretly made Duke of Milan already in 1540. He will also inherit Portugal in 1580. In August 1556, Charles abdicated the throne of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand, elected as his designated successor in 1531. The Imperial succession also marked the legal transfer of the Austrian hereditary lands of the Empire to Ferdinand, who ruled them in the name of the Emperor since 1521.

At his last public speech in front of the States General, Charles famously said "my life has been one long journey". His son Philip will return in Spain in 1559 and never visit the Low Countries again, ruling these territories as King of Spain rather than Duke of Burgundy. Flanders and Belgium were part of the Spanish Netherlands from 1556, and entered a period of decline in favor of the Dutch Republic which was soon to break off from the Spanish empire. Symbolic of this is the Sack of Antwerp by Spanish forces in 1576, which forced many merchants to flee to Amsterdam and Holland. The Dutch Golden Age lasted for most of the 17th century.

Economy
The size of Charles' empire made the port city of Antwerp "the centre of the entire international economy" Antwerp was the richest city in Europe at this time. Antwerp's golden age is tightly linked to the fact that it became the financial centre where Spanish precious metals coming from the Americas were exchanged for banking credit of rich German families (namely the Fugger and the Welser). During the first half of the 16th century Antwerp grew to become the second-largest European city north of the Alps. Many foreign merchants were resident in the city. Francesco Guicciardini, the Florentine envoy, stated that hundreds of ships would pass in a day, and 2,000 carts entered the city each week.

By 1504, the Portuguese had established Antwerp as one of their main shipping bases, bringing in spices from Asia and trading them for textiles and metal goods. The city's trade expanded to include cloth from England, Italy and Germany, wines from Germany, France and Spain, salt from France, and wheat from the Baltic. The city's skilled workers processed soap, fish, sugar, and especially cloth. Banks helped finance the trade, the merchants, and the manufacturers. The city was a cosmopolitan center; its bourse opened in 1531, "To the merchants of all nations."

The city of Antwerp was a leader in the pepper market, the market of precious metals coming from Mexico and Peru, and the textile industry. At the beginning of the 16th century Antwerp accounted for 40% of world trade. The boom-and-bust cycles and inflationary cost-of-living squeezed less-skilled workers. In the century after 1541, the city's economy and population declined dramatically. The Portuguese merchants left in 1549, and there was much less trade in English cloth. Numerous financial bankruptcies  began around 1557, until Amsterdam eventually replaced Antwerp as the major trading center for the region.

Aside from commerce, Flanders was historically also an important manufacturing region The beginning of the century the old cloth industries of Flanders had been seriously threatened by English competition; However,  Charles V implemented reforms to put the industries of the Netherlands under protection. The cloth industry was strengthened by the introduction of factory methods, and the linen industry was fully developed. Such economic policy was successful. He created new and efficient agencies that fostered the social and industrial life of the people. Agriculture was also promoted together with commercial legislation.

Art

Flemish artists, who span from the Antwerp Mannerists and Hieronymus Bosch at the start of the 16th century to the late Northern Mannerists such as Hendrik Goltzius and Joachim Wtewael at the end, drew on both the recent innovations of Italian painting and the local traditions of the Early Netherlandish artists. Many artists worked for European courts, including Bosch, whose fantastic painted images left a long legacy. Jan Mabuse, Maarten van Heemskerck and Frans Floris were all instrumental in adopting Italian models and incorporating them into their own artistic language. Pieter Brueghel the Elder, with Bosch the only artist from the period to remain widely familiar, may seem atypical, but in fact his many innovations drew on the fertile artistic scene in Antwerp.

Dutch and Flemish painters were also instrumental in establishing new subjects such as landscape painting and genre painting. Joachim Patinir, for example, played an important role in developing landscape painting, inventing the compositional type of the world landscape, which was perfected by Pieter Bruegel the Elder who, followed by Pieter Aertsen, also helped popularise genre painting. From the mid-century Pieter Aertsen, later followed by his nephew Joachim Beuckelaer, established a type of "monumental still life" featuring large spreads of food with genre figures, and in the background small religious of moral scenes. Like the world landscapes, these represented a typically "Mannerist inversion" of the normal decorum of the hierarchy of genres, giving the "lower" subject matter more space than the "higher". Anthonis Mor was the leading portraitist of the mid-century, in demand in courts all over Europe for his reliable portraits in a style that combined Netherlandish precision with the lessons of Titian and other Italian painters.

Italian Renaissance influences begin to show on Early Netherlandish painting around 1500, but in many ways the older style was remarkably persistent. Antwerp Mannerism is a term for painters showing some Italian influence, but mainly continuing the style and subjects of the older masters. Hieronymus Bosch is a highly individual artist, whose work is strange and full of seemingly irrational imagery, making it difficult to interpret. Most of all it seems surprisingly modern, introducing a world of dreams that seems more related to Gothic art than the Italian Renaissance, although some Venetian prints of the same period show a comparable degree of fantasy. The Romanists were the next phase of influence, adopting Italian styles in a far more thorough way.

After 1550 the Flemish and Dutch painters begin to show more interest in nature and beauty "in itself", leading to a style that incorporates Renaissance elements, but remains far from the elegant lightness of Italian Renaissance art,
and directly leads to the themes of the great Flemish and Dutch Baroque painters: landscapes, still lifes and genre painting - scenes from everyday life.

This evolution is seen in the works of Joachim Patinir and Pieter Aertsen, but the true genius among these painters was Pieter Brueghel the Elder, well known for his depictions of nature and everyday life, showing a preference for the natural condition of man, choosing to depict the peasant instead of the prince.

The Fall of Icarus (now in fact considered a copy of a Brueghel work), although highly atypical in many ways, combines several elements of Northern Renaissance painting. It hints at the renewed interest for antiquity (the Icarus legend), but the hero Icarus is hidden away in the background. The main actors in the painting are nature itself and, most prominently, the peasant, who does not even look up from his plough when Icarus falls. Brueghel shows man as an anti-hero, comical and sometimes grotesque.

See also
 Renaissance in the Low Countries

References

History of Flanders
Flanders

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text:
Community Engagement: What is it, and why does it matter?
Read an article about any large-scale public works project, and you're sure to see phrases like "robust community engagement" or "after consultation with residents and iwi" – but what do those words mean?
Why is community engagement — also called public participation — necessary and how is it done effectively?
The International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) has developed core values for use in the development and implementation of public participation processes. Central to these is the belief that those who are affected by a decision have a right to be involved in the decision-making process.
"Places and spaces are designed for communities," says Rebecca Ryder, a landscape architect in Boffa Miskell's Tauranga office. "Designing or planning through engagement is essential to understanding a place, its people, and its diversity."
You only need to look back a few decades to realise that involving the public in the decision-making process is fairly new.
From the Industrial Age, right through the post-WWII boom, "progress" typically involved decisions made by government officials and bureaucrats behind closed doors. Bonds were issued, or taxes raised, to fund the project; and by the time the bulldozers arrived on-site, the outcome was a fait accompli. Public opinion was dealt with after-the-fact and had negligible impact.
This process might have been 'efficient' but the outcomes were often horrendous. Neighbourhoods and public parks were split apart by arterial roads – leading to devastating social and aesthetic outcomes. Places of deep historical and cultural meaning were obliterated in a swathe of concrete and steel, and the chasm between "the people" and "the powers that be" grew ever-wider.
Boffa Miskell's community engagement group is comprised of consultants at all levels, in all disciplines, who share a commitment to facilitating meaningful dialogue. Many of these consultants have specialised IAP2 training and certification.
"The value-add of having a consultant trained in community engagement is that they understand not only the technical aspects of the project, but also how to best engage stakeholders: when to engage them, and which level of engagement is appropriate to the situation," says Lisa Mein, an Auckland-based urban designer. "These consultants are also trained to handle difficult people and situations, which we sometimes find ourselves dealing with on projects."
Christchurch planner Stephanie Styles agrees. "Community engagement should be a consideration from the beginning of most projects. The ability to think ahead and plan out what type of engagement ought to be undertaken, and getting someone with experience and training involved early, streamlines the processes and avoids risks that can add time and cost to the project."
"It's not a good look to spend loads of money on a fancy-pants design only to find obvious flaws that an engagement process would have highlighted," says Tauranga-based ecologist Louise Saunders. "Whether it's collaborative concept design in the preliminary stages, or on-going engagement for assessment, public participation can stimulate innovation because options are identified early, before too much progress is made on confirming conventional outcomes."
In fact, the journey of community engagement is equally important as the result. Successful public participation results in improved relationships between people, organisations and places – and those relationships often continue beyond the life of a project.
Services Assessments and Research >
Consenting >
Sector Community and Recreation >
Council and Government >
Cultural Advisory / Te Hihiri >
For further information please contact Louise Saunders, Stephanie Styles or Rebecca Ryder

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Paolo Ferrero (Pomaretto, 17 de noviembre de 1960) es un político italiano. Fue ministro de Solidaridad Social del segundo Gobierno de Romano Prodi del 17 de mayo de 2006 al 8 de mayo de 2008. Desde el 27 de julio de 2008 al 2 de abril de 2017 ha sido el secretario general del Partido de la Refundación Comunista.

Etapa en Democracia Proletaria

A los diecisiete años se inscribe a Democracia Proletaria (DP), donde pronto pasara a formar parte de sus órganos dirigente. En 1978 -tras diplomarse en el instituto técnico Industrial- empieza a trabajar como obrero del Grupo Fiat, donde distribuye el periódico obrero "Valle contro".

A los 27 años Ferrero crea la cooperativa agro-forestal Coop Agrovalli -todavía en actividad- y empieza a dedicarse a tiempo completo a la política.

Etapa en Refundación Comunista

En 1991 Democrazia Proletaria se integra en el Partido de la Refundación Comunista (PRC) y Ferrero se convierte en portavoz del grupo municipal en el Ayuntamiento de Turín. A nivel interno Ferrero es el líder de una corriente minoritaria del partido junto a Luigi Vinci y el exsecretario de Democracia Proletaria Giovanni Russo Spena, que en el IV Congreso de 1996 apoyará la moción de Fausto Bertinotti. Desde 1995 es miembro de la secretaría nacional de Refundación, donde ha sido responsable del departamento de asociacionismo y movimientos sociales y del área de trabajo, economía y derechos sociales.

En las elecciones de 2006 viene elegido diputado en la circunscripción del Piamonte. El 17 de mayo es nombrado ministro de solidaridad social, con competencias en migración, drogodependencia y el servicio civil.

En las elecciones de 2008 Ferrero vuelve a presentarse a la cámara pero no viene reelegido debido a la fuerte caída de la Refundación Comunista.

Tras estos pésimos resultado el partido convoca su VII congreso en julio de 2008, en el que Ferrero presenta su candidatura a secretario y el documento Refundación Comunista en movimiento, relanzar el partido, construir la unidad de la izquierda, firmado junto a Claudio Grassi, líder del área Essere comunisti.

El 27 de julio de 2008, último día del congreso el documento de Ferrero viene aprobado con el 53% de los votos, superando al de Nichi Vendola, que se quedó en el 47%. Ferrero es elegido inmediatamente secretario, convirtiéndose en el primer secretario del PRC que no viene del Partido Comunista Italiano.

Publicaciones
Es autor del libro Immigrazione. Fa più rumore l'albero che cade che la foresta che cresce, Torino:Claudiana, 2007.

Referencias

 Biografía de Paolo Ferrero en su blog oficial.

Ministros de Italia
Ferrero
Ferrero, Paolo
Protestantes de Italia


text:
Baby Jie grows up and moves out
I think this may be a Watercube replica that she's holding, but it also might just be tofu. It also might be tofu in the shape of the watercube.
What's the difference between one and four?
In the first year of their stardom, Chris Lee and He Jie, once best friends from the Sichuan Music Conservatory, won 1st and 4th respectively in Super Girls.
Four years later, March 2009 –
For her birthday, Chris Lee held her annual Why Me concert in Guangdong with soldout tickets and a sea of yellow.
Two weeks later, on He Jie's birthday, He Jie announced that she would leave EE Media.
Why such different outcomes?
In honor of He Jie, the cute "Jie Baobao", and both myself and Cfensi's favorite Supergirl alumni, this is a look into eeMedia's flaws. Btw – don't take anything out of here without also posting its companion piece coming soon.
This is the performance that drew me into cpop. Hopefully, He Jie's musical dreams are only hibernating and will make a comeback soon.
He Jie is wondering why the hell she needs to learn dancing to be a singer, but just does it anyway.
Other than lawyer Zhou Junwu, who single-handedly(?) caused the three biggest crisis in EE Media history, the first problem of EE Media is its rumor mill. It's infamous for producing unwarranted rumors to generate news. While this works for individual events (ie. Meteor Shower), it ultimately ruins the overall image of the company and its artists. One of the reasons He Jie gave for leaving was the fact that she has more rumors than songs, something unfortunately true for many artists under EE media.
EE Media also has way too many artists to digest. Despite having Hunan TV as its backdrop, it only has a certain amount of screentime to fill. Instead of one artist going on five shows, there are five artists going on one show. In the end, none of them really gets noticed. That's why He Jie and Chen Chusheng leaving, though sad, is a good thing for the other members of EE Media.
He Jie went into EE Media like a tomboyish dork…
At a sleepover with her best EE Media buddy, Huang Yali who is happily with a good company. Perhaps He Jie can join her.
To me, EE Media's biggest flaw is its hierarchical system. What EE Media needs is capitalism. EE Media, supposedly, actually has one of the best payment system for its artists, which is to say they'll live reasonably comfortable lives under EE Media. However, how EE Media spends its portion is largely unfair. Whereas in other companies, what one artist earns, the money is often reinvested into that artist', EE Media spends mostly on who it wants to promote. While this is essential for new artists, EE Media forgets that it is not the ultimate decider in who the consumers wants. Think of Jang Ri In or Han Xue, both of whose companies spent tons of money on their promotions but both of whom has yet to make it big as of now. EE Media, coming from a voter-decided competition, should keep that its that type of democracy that has made it. Changing the company to a government controlled system where the way to be popular is to make the head liking you, not the people, is a big mistake.
…and left looking like this blond, emo-looking girl wondering why of all the tomboyish Super Girls, all in different companies including eeMedia, she had to be the one forced to change her image into someone sexier, more girly
He Jie isn't fully innocent, either. She was a tomboy. However, she had no ideas of her own nor firm positions. She was changed by EE Media, but the change was authorized by her. Compared to Li Yuchun and Jane, who both knows who they are and who they want to be. And I was quite disappointed by the fact that instead of seeking self-improvement whilst waiting for her next album (ie. learning composing and the piano like Wang Yuexin or magic like Fu Xinbo), she just sat around in her room, posting up increasingly depressing pictures of herself in dreary black. Emoness isn't exactly the road to success and it's not something that a lawsuit can solve. And really, how could she let herself be tricked into believing that lawyer?
Her lawsuit is expected to last for at least 6 months. What's to become her after that, no one knows.
This entry was posted in General News, Music, Television and tagged Chris Lee, EE Media, event, He Jie by idarklight. Bookmark the permalink.
30 thoughts on "Baby Jie grows up and moves out"
correction: Li Yuchun also received a song by herself, so she beat JJ Lin in the length of song sang.
JJ on 05/05/2009 at 4:40 AM said:
cfensi on 05/05/2009 at 4:00 AM said:
I'd say there's a lot of a indie bands in China that become famous, like SuperVC was all indie, and them, bam, they went under Zhang Yadong's Dong Records label, which I'd say makes them pretty mainstream now. And then there are just the indie bands that stayed under small recording labels or the Modern Sky indie label, but are still well-known.
You can check out some of the links in the blogroll for more on Chinese indie. I haven't checked the Modern Sky blog in so long. *cries at the sacrifices of being busy*
What a fascinating post and discussion!
Is the only practical way to become a big name singer in China to be affiliated with a large company?
Are there any indie artists/bands that are famous?
@janelle
You're right. I think Liyin's very hardworking and determined. If she has a dream, I think she'll work to achieve it. From her interviews, she seems to actually be a tomboy in real life, she just doesn't show it on stage. SM stiffled her inner tomboy, just like how eeMedia hid He Jie's tomboyishness behind her craziness.
There are flaws in every company. I would prefer eeMedia over SM anyday if I were into music. eeMedia has a much nicer music environment than SM. I loved Wang Yuexin's quote – "you can't not compose in eeMedia, everyone does it." And SM has perfected marketing idols, but it can't seem to launch serious artists anymore.
@Nepheliad
I definitely think her leaving was right. She didn't want it, and eeMedia did not want her. If she had stayed, eeMedia would've dropped her when her contract expires in August anyways. But the way she left was just ill-considered.
She's had a lot of money put on her by the last CEO, more than anyone but Li Yuchun. Her last album cost 200,000 yuan in advertising alone. Her MV's are numerous and generally pretty high-qualitied. But when Long Danni inherited her, it was obvious that Long Danni doesn't want her anymore. She didn't fit Long Danni's vision.
oh..boy..long comments, btw after I read this, I went to utube and checked older He Jie mv (the one withh Show Luo) and I am surprised by the new bubblegum pop songs of her. I guess it's EE media's fault to make a person who can sing (and can dance ok) into a "Jolin" (who can't sing, can't dance & not cute)..what a disaster.
I wouldn't say that she has clinical depression…more like reactive depression. But a lot of competition singers end up with that sometimes in their career, most of the times soon.
Nepheliad, I guess for the specific market thing…I feel like company should not identify the artist's niche, but discover the correct niche for that artist.
janelle on 05/04/2009 at 7:40 AM said:
Sorry, just going to mention Jang Ri In/ Zhang Liyin, I've been silently watching her in the background lol and I have so say she seems to slowly adjusting herself to where she wants to be. I've noticed her singing style has changed from a very deep American sort of voice to a slightly softer more asian style to suit the Chinese market- and it sounds good on her. Her improvement in control has been rapid.
What with tagging along sj all the time, it annoys me because… well I want her to stand on her own. but that isn't going to be easy. (Actually I'm mostly scared she'll get antis from crazy fangirls…it's been pretty safe so far but I don't doubt anti's exist because of it. She's been put in situations where she could have been the target for so many antis~ sj/tvxq etc but BECAUSE she comes across as quiet and shy she managed to save herself lol)


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text:
Defence strategies in an online community of caregivers
Marianna Lya Zummo
Scienze Umanistiche
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand caregivers' discursive constructions and responses to their unwanted (family and social) role as resulting in exchanges on social media. Online group platforms are understood as particularly suitable for the expression of intimate feelings among adults, for meeting and exhibiting stigma issues, and for the circulation of information and support (Suler, 2004; McCormack, 2010; Pounds et al., 2018).Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws from digital Conversation Analysis (Giles et al., 2015), and considers data after combining quantitative (corpus analysis) and qualitative methods, from a critical discourse analysis perspective. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM; Fiske et al., 2002) is used together with collocation analysis to understand categorisations, which ultimately result in a defence strategy (Assimakopoulos et al., 2017) to negotiate the Self and the Others (Tannen, 1992).FindingsConsidering that the digital environment allows a discursive negotiation of identities, data suggest that these interactions are expressions of membership construction, group solidarity and empowerment, that normalise and legitimise emotions with the ultimate goal of (self-)acceptance.Originality/valueThis study provides a basis for further research on caregivers' self-positioning in power-relations with others.
Working with Older People
Zummo, M. L. (2021). Defence strategies in an online community of caregivers. Working with Older People, 3, 235-244.
Defence strategies in an online community of caregivers. / Zummo, Marianna Lya.
In: Working with Older People, Vol. 3, 2021, pag. 235-244.
Zummo, ML 2021, 'Defence strategies in an online community of caregivers', Working with Older People, vol. 3, pagg. 235-244.
Zummo ML. Defence strategies in an online community of caregivers. Working with Older People. 2021;3:235-244.
Zummo, Marianna Lya. / Defence strategies in an online community of caregivers. In: Working with Older People. 2021 ; Vol. 3. pagg. 235-244.
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AU - Zummo, Marianna Lya
N2 - PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand caregivers' discursive constructions and responses to their unwanted (family and social) role as resulting in exchanges on social media. Online group platforms are understood as particularly suitable for the expression of intimate feelings among adults, for meeting and exhibiting stigma issues, and for the circulation of information and support (Suler, 2004; McCormack, 2010; Pounds et al., 2018).Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws from digital Conversation Analysis (Giles et al., 2015), and considers data after combining quantitative (corpus analysis) and qualitative methods, from a critical discourse analysis perspective. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM; Fiske et al., 2002) is used together with collocation analysis to understand categorisations, which ultimately result in a defence strategy (Assimakopoulos et al., 2017) to negotiate the Self and the Others (Tannen, 1992).FindingsConsidering that the digital environment allows a discursive negotiation of identities, data suggest that these interactions are expressions of membership construction, group solidarity and empowerment, that normalise and legitimise emotions with the ultimate goal of (self-)acceptance.Originality/valueThis study provides a basis for further research on caregivers' self-positioning in power-relations with others.
AB - PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand caregivers' discursive constructions and responses to their unwanted (family and social) role as resulting in exchanges on social media. Online group platforms are understood as particularly suitable for the expression of intimate feelings among adults, for meeting and exhibiting stigma issues, and for the circulation of information and support (Suler, 2004; McCormack, 2010; Pounds et al., 2018).Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws from digital Conversation Analysis (Giles et al., 2015), and considers data after combining quantitative (corpus analysis) and qualitative methods, from a critical discourse analysis perspective. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM; Fiske et al., 2002) is used together with collocation analysis to understand categorisations, which ultimately result in a defence strategy (Assimakopoulos et al., 2017) to negotiate the Self and the Others (Tannen, 1992).FindingsConsidering that the digital environment allows a discursive negotiation of identities, data suggest that these interactions are expressions of membership construction, group solidarity and empowerment, that normalise and legitimise emotions with the ultimate goal of (self-)acceptance.Originality/valueThis study provides a basis for further research on caregivers' self-positioning in power-relations with others.
JO - Working with Older People
JF - Working with Older People


text:
> Philip E. West > Tornado Strike
Philip E. West
Oil on canvas painting. Size: 30" x 18"
Overall print size approx: 28" x 18" / 711mm x 458mm
Price: £4995
Today's RAF Tornado's and the aircrew that fly them offer a world-class interdiction/ground attack and reconnaissance package that is second to none. The Tornado GR4 is capable of supersonic speeds and flight at low-level, making it one of the most potent attack aircraft in the world today. New systems and weapon's upgrades will ensure that the Tornado remains a versatile, effective and vital platform for many years to come.
Primary Edition signed by three pilots and three navigators. Artist Proofs and Remarques are signed by five pilots and three navigators.
The following aircrew have signed copies of "Tornado Strike".
Wing Commander Alistair J. Byford MA RAF (Officer Commanding 31 Squadron) He has flown nearly 3000 hours including 10 operational deployments.
Sqn. Ldr. Andrew Arnold, Navigator, RAF, 31 Sqn. Executive Officer.
Flt. Lt. Helen Dawson, Navigator. RAF
Flt. Lt. Tom Boyle, Reserve Pilot. RAF
Major Matteo Omura, Navigator, Italian Air Force
Flt. Lt. Neil Pappini, Pilot, RAF
The following two pilots also signed the Artist Proofs and Remarques:
Flt. Lt. James Heeps, Pilot RAF
Lt. Mark Humphries, Pilot. Royal Navy
Edition size: 350 £95 (approx. US$176) plus 25 Artist Proofs £125 (approx. US$£232) and 25 Remarques £250 (approx. US$463)


text:
package com.cognifide.aet.worker.drivers.firefox;

import com.cognifide.aet.job.api.collector.HttpRequestExecutor;
import com.cognifide.aet.job.api.collector.JsErrorLog;
import com.cognifide.aet.job.api.collector.ProxyServerWrapper;
import com.cognifide.aet.job.api.collector.WebCommunicationWrapper;
import com.cognifide.aet.worker.helpers.JavaScriptError;
import com.google.common.base.Function;
import com.google.common.collect.Ordering;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

public class FirefoxCommunicationWrapperImpl implements WebCommunicationWrapper {

  private static final Function<JavaScriptError, JsErrorLog> ERROR_LOG_FUNCTION = new Function<JavaScriptError, JsErrorLog>() {

    @Override
    public JsErrorLog apply(JavaScriptError input) {
      JsErrorLog jsErrorLog = null;
      if (input != null) {
        jsErrorLog = new JsErrorLog(input.getErrorMessage(), input.getSourceName(),
            input.getLineNumber());
      }
      return jsErrorLog;
    }
  };

  private final WebDriver webDriver;

  private final ProxyServerWrapper proxyServer;

  private final HttpRequestExecutor requestExecutor;

  public FirefoxCommunicationWrapperImpl(WebDriver webDriver, ProxyServerWrapper server,
      HttpRequestExecutor requestExecutor) {
    this.webDriver = webDriver;
    this.proxyServer = server;
    this.requestExecutor = requestExecutor;
  }

  @Override
  public WebDriver getWebDriver() {
    return webDriver;
  }

  @Override
  public ProxyServerWrapper getProxyServer() {
    return proxyServer;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isUseProxy() {
    return proxyServer != null;
  }

  @Override
  public Set<JsErrorLog> getJSErrorLogs() {
    List<JavaScriptError> javaScriptErrors = JavaScriptError.readErrors(webDriver);
    return javaScriptErrors.stream()
        .map(ERROR_LOG_FUNCTION)
        .collect(Collectors.toCollection(() -> new TreeSet<>(Ordering.natural())));
  }

  @Override
  public HttpRequestExecutor getHttpRequestExecutor() {
    return requestExecutor;
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
List of Charity Schools
Founded in 1552, Christ's Hospital, on London's Newgate Street, was the first of a new type of institution which became known as the Charity School.
The Schools largely catered for poor children who would otherwise receive little or no education and were usually funded by some combination of legacy and public subscription. The schools might also maintain, clothe or apprentice their pupils. A few also provided lodgings for some or all of their pupils.
Some Charity Schools copied the uniform of blue coat and yellow stockings that had been adopted by Christ's Hospital and became known as Blue Coat Schools. Other variations on the theme resulted in Grey Coat, Green Coat, Brown Coat and other colour-associated school names.
Quadrangle at Christ's Hospital, Newgate Street, 1890s. © Peter Higginbotham
Charity Schools became very popular in the eighteenth century, due in part to their being promoted by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK) which was founded in 1698. According to one estimate in 1792, it was reckoned that more than 1600 charity schools had been established since the Reformation.
Some charity schools, including Christ's Hospital, evolved to primarily serve fee-paying pupils and have continued to the present day as successful independent schools.
A list of those Charity Schools which originally provided charitably funded residential places — effectively operating as children's homes — is provided on a separate page.
Jones, M.G. The Charity School Movement: A Study of Eighteenth Century Puritanism in Action (1938, Cambridge University Press)


text:
Q: Python Best Way to Delete matches? I want to delete multiple strings from a phrase in python.
For example I want to delete: apple, orange, tomato
How can I do that easily without writing 10 replaces like this:
str = str.replace('apple','').replace(....).replace(....)

A: Any time you are repeating yourself, think of a loop instead.
for word in ('apple','cherry','tomato','grape'):
    str = str.replace(word,'')

And, by the way, str is a poor name for a variable, since it's the name of a type.

A: You could also use re.sub and list the words in a group between word boundaries \b
import re

s = re.sub(r"\b(?:apple|orange|tomato)\b", "", s)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
To Check Corruption in India, Central Vigilance Commission to Train Officials in Europe
The training will be for eligible Chief Vigilance Officers who act as a distant arm of the Commission to check corruption in an organisation and others engaged in vigilance related works.
Updated:April 2, 2019, 2:55 PM IST
A sign board outside the Central Vigilance Commission's office in New Delhi.
New Delhi: India's probity watchdog CVC has decided to train anti-corruption officials in Europe to check graft in the country, officials said Tuesday.
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is organising a customised vigilance related training programme at the International Anti Corruption Academy (IACA), Vienna, Austria from June 3 to 14, they said citing an official order.
The training will be for eligible Chief Vigilance Officers (CVOs) who act as distant arm of the Commission to check corruption in an organisation and others engaged in vigilance related works, the officials said.
The body has sought details from CVOs in order to update its database as well as nominate officers for the upcoming international/domestic training to be conducted by the Commission and for proposed customised training in Austria, they said.
The training plan of the Commission states that "the officers (CVOs) should not have undergone any foreign training in the last two years as on April 1 of the year in which training is being organised", in order to be eligible for the upcoming international training, the officials said.
The IACA is an international organisation based in Laxenburg, Austria dedicated to overcoming current shortcomings in knowledge and practice in the field of
anti-corruption, and seeking to empower professionals for the future challenges.
Over Rs 240 crore has been allocated to the Personnel Ministry for domestic and foreign training of bureaucrats and augmenting necessary infrastructure during this fiscal in the interim budget presented by the Union government in February.
The Personnel Ministry acts as a nodal department for the CVC.
In its annual report for 2017 tabled in Parliament last year, the CVC said it had received a total of 23,609 complaints of corruption. Of these, 12,089 were against railway employees and over 8,000 against various banks officials.
1917 Movie Review: Sam Mendes' Oscar-nominated Tale is a War Classic


This plant pot and saucer was hand built (coiled and pinched) and each one is unique. It has a drainage hole and is stamped with a small "d".
The clay remains ever so slightly porous but the saucer has been sealed and water cannot pass through it, making it safe for use on any surface.


text:
Linkbuilding Customer analytics Rank tracker SEO alerts On-page SEO White label
Contact Support About us
English Dutch
Article 1: General
These general terms and conditions concern the terms and conditions of MarketingTracer, hereinafter referred to as "MarketingTracer", with its registered office in Bergen op Zoom and its office in Bergen op Zoom at the Hyacintenveld 68, 4613DL, registered in the trade register of the Chamber of Commerce for Breda.
Article 2: Applicability
These terms and conditions apply to all offers and all agreements of MarketingTracer, established in Bergen op Zoom, hereinafter referred to as "MarketingTracer". The contractual other party will hereinafter be referred to as "Client".
In these terms and conditions, the Client is understood to mean any (legal) person to whom MarketingTracer directs its offers / quotes, as well as those who send offers to MarketingTracer and those who give MarketingTracer an assignment or with whom MarketingTracer enters into an agreement furthermore the person with whom MarketingTracer is in any legal relationship and apart from this, his representative (s), authorized representative (s), legal successor (s) and heir (s).
Parties have the option to deviate from these terms and conditions. These other terms and conditions are only part of the agreement concluded between the parties if and insofar as both parties have explicitly agreed in writing.
The applicability of any purchase conditions or other conditions of the Client is expressly excluded.
In these general terms and conditions, "written" is also understood to mean: by e-mail, fax or any other form of communication that can be equated with this in view of the state of the art and the prevailing views in society. .
Accepting and retaining a quotation or order confirmation on which these terms and conditions have been referred to by the Client without comment constitutes acceptance of their application.
The possible inapplicability of a (part of a) provision of these general terms and conditions does not affect the applicability of the other provisions.
Article 3: Formation of agreements
If an offer from MarketingTracer is accepted, then the agreement will only come into effect after written confirmation from MarketingTracer, or at the moment that MarketingTracer has commenced implementing acts with the consent of the Client.
Oral agreements only bind MarketingTracer after they have been confirmed in writing by MarketingTracer.
Additions or changes to the general terms and conditions or other changes or additions to the agreement will only become binding after written confirmation by MarketingTracer.
Article 4: Offers
All offers, quotes or quotes from MarketingTracer are without obligation and automatically expire after a period of 30 days, unless MarketingTracer no longer honors the offer and / or quotation and / or quotation within that period or unless MarketingTracer is already making the offer, quotation or quotation indicates otherwise. If a quotation or offer contains a non-binding offer and this offer is accepted by the Client, MarketingTracer has the right to revoke the offer within 5 working days of receiving the acceptance.
The prices used by MarketingTracer as well as the prices stated in the offers, quotations, quotations and the like are exclusive of VAT and any costs. These costs may include - but are not limited to - travel costs, transport costs and invoices from third parties engaged.
Images and descriptions in offers and on the user's website, brochures, catalogs, drawings, models, specifications of colors, dimensions and other data or descriptions are as accurate as possible, but are only indicative. No rights can be derived from this, unless the parties have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing.
The images, brochures, catalogs, drawings and the like referred to in the previous paragraph of this article remain the property of MarketingTracer at all times, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in writing. These must be returned at the first request of MarketingTracer. They may not be reproduced or given to third parties for inspection without written permission from MarketingTracer.
Tenders do not automatically apply to future assignments.
MarketingTracer cannot be held to its offers or offers if the Client must reasonably understand that the offers or offers, or a part thereof, contain an obvious mistake or error.
Article 5: Execution agreement
MarketingTracer will implement the agreement to the best of its knowledge and ability and in accordance with the requirements of good workmanship.
If and in so far required for the proper execution of the agreement, MarketingTracer has the right to engage third parties for certain activities.
The Client shall ensure that all data, of which MarketingTracer indicates that they are necessary or which the Client should reasonably understand to be necessary for the execution of the agreement, is provided to MarketingTracer in a timely manner. If the information required for the implementation of the agreement has not been provided to MarketingTracer in time, MarketingTracer has the right to suspend the implementation of the agreement or to charge the additional costs resulting from the delay to the Client in accordance with the usual rates. < / li>
MarketingTracer is not liable for damage, of any nature whatsoever, because MarketingTracer started from incorrect or incomplete data provided by the Client, unless MarketingTracer should have been aware of this inaccuracy or incompleteness.
If MarketingTracer or third parties engaged by MarketingTracer perform work within the framework of the assignment at the location of the Client or at a location designated by the Client, the Client will provide the facilities reasonably required by those employees free of charge.
The Client indemnifies MarketingTracer against any claims from third parties that suffer damage in connection with the implementation of the agreement and whose cause is attributable to parties other than MarketingTracer. If MarketingTracer should be approached by third parties on that basis, the Client is obliged to assist MarketingTracer both outside and in court and to immediately do everything that may be expected from the Client in that case. If the Client fails to take adequate measures, MarketingTracer is entitled to do so itself without notice of default. All costs and damage on the part of MarketingTracer and third parties that arise as a result are integrally for the account and risk of the Client.
Article 6: Adjustment agreement
If during the execution of the agreement it appears that for a proper execution it is necessary to change or supplement the work to be performed, the parties will adjust the agreement accordingly in a timely manner and in mutual consultation.
If the parties agree that the agreement is amended or supplemented, the time of completion of the implementation may be affected. MarketingTracer will inform the Client of this as soon as possible.
If the change or supplement to the agreement will have financial consequences, MarketingTracer will inform the Client about this in advance.
If a fixed fee has been agreed upon, MarketingTracer will indicate to what extent the change or supplement to the agreement will result in this fee being exceeded.
Article 7: Contract duration and execution period
Agreements are entered into for a fixed period of 1 month unless the parties have agreed otherwise in writing. Once the first contract period has expired, agreements are automatically renewed for the same duration.
Specified deadlines for the completion of an assignment can never be regarded as a strict deadline, unless the parties have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. If MarketingTracer does not or not timely fulfill its obligations under the agreement, it must therefore be given written notice of default.
If MarketingTracer does not expect to be able to meet its obligations within the specified period, it will inform the Client of this as soon as possible.
MarketingTracer is authorized - with regard to the fulfillment of the Client's financial obligations - to demand payment in advance or security from the Client, before proceeding to provide the services.
MarketingTracer's exceeding of a delivery period as referred to in article 9.2 of this article does not qualify as a shortcoming attributable to MarketingTracer and does not justify the dissolution of the agreement by the Client, and therefore does not result in MarketingTracer being liable for the compensation of any damage suffered by the Client as a result of the actual longer delivery period.
Article 8: Equipment, software
The Client must take care of proper equipment and other facilities that provide access to a network on which he can receive the services provided by MarketingTracer and at his own risk. The communication costs incurred in this context are for the account of the Client.
Article 9: Fee
MarketingTracer and the Client may agree a fixed fee for the work to be carried out, or set the fee afterwards on the basis of the actual hours spent. Parties will specify the amount of the fixed fee or the applicable hourly rate in writing.
In addition, the parties have the option to agree that the fee in one way or another depends partly on the result of the assignment. This can only be the case if the exact interpretation of this is agreed in writing.
If written confirmation of the fee has not been made, MarketingTracer is authorized to determine this on the basis of its usual (hourly) rates, valid for the period in which the work took place. As of 1 January 2018 reference date, the usual (hourly) rates are as follows:
For agreements with a duration of more than two months, the fee due may be charged monthly.
The applied prices and / or hourly rates are periodically (in principle per January 1 and / or July 1) revised on the basis of wages and inflation figures, but only result in adjustment of the fee agreed with the Client after the expiry of the first contract term in the case of a fixed-term contract, or a minimum period of 12 months in the case of contracts for an indefinite period.
Media spending (also "media purchase costs") is in principle paid directly by the Client to the relevant advertising platform (eg Google AdWords).
Article 10: Confidentiality
Both parties are obliged to maintain the confidentiality of all confidential information that they have received from each other or from another source in the context of the agreement. Information is considered confidential if this is communicated by the other party or if this results from the nature of the information.
The Client will not copy the confidential information or make it available to third parties in any other way, unless with the prior written permission of MarketingTracer.
The Client will not use the confidential information for a purpose other than that for which it was provided by MarketingTracer and will not use it in any other way than indicated by MarketingTracer. The Client will not make changes to documents or matters that contain confidential information from MarketingTracer.
The Client is obliged in writing to bind its employees, agents and subcontractors who - necessarily - become aware of the confidential information to the same confidentiality obligations as the Client, prior to obtaining confidential information.
In case of violation of one or more obligations from this article, the Client owes MarketingTracer an immediately due and payable penalty of € 5,000.00 per violation per day that a violation continues. This penalty is without prejudice to MarketingTracer's right to full compensation in accordance with the law.
The provisions of this article remain in force even after termination or dissolution of the agreement.
Article 11: Complaints
Complaints about the work performed must be reported in writing by the Client to MarketingTracer within 15 days after discovery, but no later than within 30 days after completion of the work concerned, failing which the Client will be deemed to have fully completed the result of the assignment. have accepted. The notice of default must contain as detailed a description as possible of the shortcoming, so that MarketingTracer is able to respond adequately.
If a complaint is justified, MarketingTracer will still perform the work as agreed, unless it has become demonstrably pointless for the Client. The latter must be made known in writing by the Client.
If carrying out the agreed work is no longer possible or useful, MarketingTracer will only be liable within the limits of Article 16.
Submitting a complaint never suspends the Client's payment obligations.
If a complaint is reported later than the stipulated period, the Client will no longer be entitled to handling the complaint or compensation.
If it is established that a complaint is unfounded, then the costs incurred as a result, including the research costs, incurred by MarketingTracer as a result, will be borne in full by the Client.
Article 12: Intellectual Property
All copyrights and other intellectual property rights with regard to the services provided by MarketingTracer rest with MarketingTracer. The Client acknowledges these rights and will refrain from any infringement thereof. All copyrights and other intellectual property rights with regard to, but not limited to, Google AdWords, Google Analytics and similar online accounts, will be transferred to the Client "for free" upon first written request, but only if and as soon as the Client meets its (payment) obligations has met.
All copyrights and other intellectual property rights with regard to the (online) tools and / or software made available by the MarketingTracer to the Client are exclusively vested in the respective owners; The Client will only be granted the right to use this, in accordance with the specifically applicable conditions of use, which the Client is deemed to have taken cognizance of.
All documents provided by MarketingTracer are exclusively intended for use by the Client. The Client is not permitted to make information obtained from MarketingTracer public or to reproduce it in any form whatsoever, unless such publication is permitted in writing by MarketingTracer.
All documents supplied by MarketingTracer to fulfill the project remain the property of MarketingTracer. After the contract has been terminated or terminated, MarketingTracer may request the Client to destroy or return these documents.
The Client indemnifies MarketingTracer against all claims from third parties with regard to intellectual property rights on the information and documents provided by it to MarketingTracer, which are used in the execution of the agreement.
MarketingTracer reserves the right to use the knowledge acquired during the execution of the work for other purposes, insofar as no confidential information from the Client ends up with third parties.
Article 13: Liability
The Client guarantees the accuracy and completeness of the data provided by the Client to MarketingTracer in the context of the formation and implementation of the agreement and will always immediately notify MarketingTracer in writing of changes to the data provided. MarketingTracer is not liable for claims of the Client and / or third parties that are the result of or are related to incorrect and / or incomplete information provided by the Client to MarketingTracer or to changes to the information provided by the Client to MarketingTracer in a timely manner. information.
Any liability of MarketingTracer as well as of its employees and the persons engaged by MarketingTracer for the execution of the assignment, is limited to the amount that is paid out under MarketingTracer's professional / business liability insurance in the relevant case, including the costs to be borne by MarketingTracer deductible.
In the event that the professional / business liability insurance of MarketingTracer referred to in Article 16.2 does not provide cover in a specific case, the liability of MarketingTracer as well as of its employees and the persons engaged by MarketingTracer in the execution of the assignment is limited to a maximum of total of the reimbursements received by MarketingTracer for the three months prior to the event that caused the damage. This limitation of liability applies annually, regardless of the number of events that cause damage.
The Client indemnifies MarketingTracer against any claims from third parties that suffer damage in connection with the implementation of the agreement and whose cause is attributable to the Client.
MarketingTracer is never liable for damage suffered by the Client or third parties as a result of incorrect, incomplete or untimely information provided by the Client.
MarketingTracer is never liable for any damage whatsoever arising from errors in software or other computer software used by MarketingTracer.
MarketingTracer is never liable for any damage whatsoever arising from the circumstance that (email) messages sent to MarketingTracer by the Client have not reached MarketingTracer.
MarketingTracer's liability for indirect damage is excluded. Indirect damage is understood to mean all damage that is not direct damage and therefore in any case, but not limited to, consequential damage, loss of profit, lost savings, reduced goodwill, damage due to business interruption, damage due to non-determination of marketing objectives, damage related to the use of data or data files prescribed by the client, or loss, corruption or destruction of data or data files.
MarketingTracer is not liable for damage, loss or destruction of objects, materials, image or word data in any form that has been made available by him or on behalf of the Client or that have been manufactured by third parties at the Client's request.
Opinions provided by MarketingTracer are best efforts commitments and not results commitments. Guarantees on result are not deemed to have been issued when giving advice. MarketingTracer is therefore not liable with regard to the advice provided if no result is achieved.
MarketingTracer accepts no liability whatsoever for the loss or change of data supplied via digital data carriers or e-mail. The Client or the third parties engaged by him must always check this data for accuracy and completeness.
MarketingTracer accepts no liability whatsoever for the content of the websites or multimedia messages that it has produced.
MarketingTracer accepts no liability whatsoever for the possible presence of viruses on the data carriers supplied by it or on data or software supplied or retrieved via the internet. The Client must himself check the supplied data carriers, data or software for the presence of viruses.
MarketingTracer assumes no liability for information, freeware and shareware made available via the internet or intranet. MarketingTracer does not accept any liability for the correctness of the available information or for the correct functioning of the available software, nor for the consequences thereof.
Unless fulfillment by MarketingTracer is permanently impossible, MarketingTracer's liability for imputable failure to comply with the Agreement arises only if the Client gives MarketingTracer a written notice of default without delay, whereby a reasonable period for clearing the shortcoming is set, and MarketingTracer Even after that period, the failure to meet its obligations continues to be attributable. The notice of default must contain a description of the shortcoming that is as complete and detailed as possible, so that MarketingTracer is given the opportunity to respond adequately.
Any claim for compensation by the Client against MarketingTracer that has not been specified and explicitly reported will expire by the mere lapse of twelve (12) months after the claim arose.
The exclusions and limitations referred to in this article will lapse if and insofar as the damage is the result of intent or willful recklessness on the part of MarketingTracer or its management.
Article 14: Payment
Payment must be made within 14 days after the invoice date, in a manner to be specified by MarketingTracer in the currency stated in the invoice. Objections to the amount of the declarations do not suspend the payment obligation.
The Client makes the payments due to MarketingTracer without discount or set-off, subject to set-off with deductible advances relating to the agreement, which he has provided to MarketingTracer. The Client is not entitled to suspend payment of invoices for work already performed.
If the Client fails to comply with its obligation to pay the invoices within the stipulated payment period, the Client will owe an interest rate on top of the amount due, equal to the legal (commercial) interest plus 2% (in words: two percent) per month .
In the event of liquidation, bankruptcy, seizure or suspension of payment from the Client, the claims of MarketingTracer on the Client are immediately due and payable.
MarketingTracer is entitled to have the payments made by the Client go first of all to reduce the costs, then to reduce the interest still due and finally to reduce the principal sum and the current interest. MarketingTracer can, without being in default as a result, refuse an offer for payment if the Client designates a different order for the allocation. MarketingTracer can refuse full repayment of the principal, if the outstanding and accrued interest as well as the costs are not paid.
Article 15: collection costs
If the Client is in default or in default with the fulfillment of one or more of its obligations towards MarketingTracer, then all costs for obtaining satisfaction out of court, such as with regard to writing reminders, summations and including the actual attorney costs and bailiff costs incurred, for the account of the Client. These costs amount to at least 15% (in other words: fifteen percent) of the total of the invoice amount due and not paid within the payment period.
If MarketingTracer demonstrates that it has incurred higher costs than the aforementioned percentages, the Client will also owe MarketingTracer the excess.
The Client also owes MarketingTracer all costs incurred by MarketingTracer, including - but not limited to - the actual lawyer's fees, court fees associated with conducting legal proceedings, such in all instances, unless this is in view of the applicable and usual for example, lawyers' fees are unreasonably high, and unless MarketingTracer has been unsuccessful in legal proceedings in an irrevocable decision.
Article 16: Communication
In the event that the Client has sent any digital message to MarketingTracer, he may only trust that this message has reached MarketingTracer if the Client has received confirmation of its receipt, not being an automatic confirmation of receipt.
General information provided by MarketingTracer, whether or not on the Internet, whether or not at the request of the Client, is free of obligation and is never considered as advice given by MarketingTracer in the context of an assignment given to it, except to the extent that communication from MarketingTracer shows the contrary whether it concerns advice tailored to the personal situation of the Client.
Until the Client has notified MarketingTracer of a change of address, MarketingTracer may trust that the Client can be reached at the address provided by him at the start of the assignment, including his e-mail address.
Article 17: Retention of title
MarketingTracer reserves the ownership of the goods delivered and the goods to be delivered under the agreement up to the time at which the Client has fulfilled its related payment obligations towards MarketingTracer. Those payment obligations consist of paying the agreed price, plus all claims with regard to work performed in connection with the agreement, as well as claims with regard to possible compensation for failure to comply with obligations on the part of the Client. li>
The goods subject to the retention of title may only be resold by the Client within the framework of normal business operations.
In the event that MarketingTracer invokes the retention of title, the relevant agreement will be deemed dissolved, without prejudice to MarketingTracer's right to claim compensation for damage, loss of profit and interest.
The Client is obliged to immediately inform MarketingTracer in writing of the fact that third parties are asserting rights on matters subject to retention of title pursuant to this article.
Article 18: Decommissioning
MarketingTracer has the right to put delivered products and / or services out of service (temporarily) and / or to limit their use if the Client does not fulfill an obligation to MarketingTracer with regard to the agreement, or acts contrary to the Terms and Conditions. The obligation to comply with the payment of the amounts due also remains during the decommissioning.
MarketingTracer activates the product and its service as soon as the Client has fulfilled its obligation and has paid an amount for the product or service.
Article 19: Force majeure
In the event of force majeure, MarketingTracer is authorized without judicial intervention, either to suspend the execution of the agreement or to dissolve the agreement, without being obliged to pay any compensation. If the force majeure situation occurs when the agreement has been partially implemented, the Client is obliged to fulfill its obligations to MarketingTracer up to that point. All costs incurred by MarketingTracer until then will be immediately due and payable in full.
The circumstances in which force majeure will occur include war, riot, mobilization, domestic and foreign unrest, government measures, strike and exclusion by workers, disruption of the currency existing at the time of entering into the agreement relationships, weather conditions, business disruptions due to fire, accident or other occurrences and natural phenomena, irrespective of whether these circumstances occur at MarketingTracer, its suppliers or third parties engaged by it for the execution of the commitment.
Article 20: Suspension, cancellation and dissolution
MarketingTracer is authorized to cancel the agreement in writing at any time.
For agreements with a duration of 1 month or less, the Client may prematurely terminate the agreement with due observance of a cancellation period of 1 calendar month. For agreements with a duration of more than 12 months or for an indefinite period of time, the Client must observe a cancellation period of 2 calendar months.
If an agreement for a definite period of time is terminated prematurely by the Client, MarketingTracer is entitled to compensation for the resulting and plausible loss of occupancy amounting to 50% of the regular fee calculated over the remaining original term of the agreement, unless there are facts and circumstances underlying the cancellation that can be attributed to MarketingTracer and the applicable (complaints) procedure has been followed by the Contractor. Furthermore, in that case the Client is obliged to pay the invoices for work performed up to then. The provisional results of the work carried out until then will therefore be made available to the Client subject to reservation.
MarketingTracer is authorized to suspend compliance with the obligations or to dissolve the agreement if: the Client does not, not fully or not timely fulfill the obligations arising from the agreement; after the conclusion of the agreement, MarketingTracer learns of circumstances that give good reason to fear that the Client will not fulfill its obligations; the Client was requested at the conclusion of the agreement to provide security for the fulfillment of his obligations under the agreement and this security is not provided or is insufficient; if, due to the delay on the part of the Client, MarketingTracer can no longer be expected to fulfill the agreement under the originally agreed conditions, MarketingTracer is entitled to terminate the agreement.
Furthermore, MarketingTracer is authorized to terminate the agreement if circumstances arise that are of such a nature that fulfillment of the agreement is impossible or if there are other circumstances that are of such a nature that unchanged maintenance of the agreement cannot reasonably be expected of MarketingTracer can be required.
If the agreement is dissolved, the claims of MarketingTracer on the Client are immediately claimable. If MarketingTracer suspends compliance with its obligations, it will retain its rights under the law and agreement.
If MarketingTracer proceeds to suspension or dissolution, it is in no way obliged to compensate damage and costs arising in any way.
If the termination is attributable to the Client, MarketingTracer is entitled to compensation for the damage, including the costs, arising directly and indirectly as a result.
If the Client does not fulfill its obligations arising from the agreement and this non-compliance justifies termination, MarketingTracer is entitled to terminate the agreement immediately and with immediate effect without any obligation on its part to pay any compensation or compensation, while the Client , due to non-performance, compensation or compensation is required.
If the agreement is terminated prematurely by MarketingTracer, MarketingTracer will arrange for the transfer of work still to be performed to third parties in consultation with the Client. This unless the cancellation is attributable to the Client. If the transfer of the activities entails additional costs for MarketingTracer, then these will be charged to the Client. The Client is obliged to pay these costs within the specified period, unless MarketingTracer indicates otherwise.
In the event of liquidation, (application for) a suspension of payment or bankruptcy, of seizure - if and insofar as the seizure has not been lifted within three months - at the expense of the Client, of debt rescheduling or any other circumstance whereby the Client is no longer free to dispose of its assets, the MarketingTracer is free to terminate the agreement immediately and with immediate effect or to cancel the order or agreement, without any obligation on its part to pay any compensation or compensation. In that case, the MarketingTracer claims against the Client are immediately due and payable.
If the Client cancels an order in whole or in part, then the goods ordered or prepared for it, plus any costs incurred, the lost profit thereof and the working time reserved for the execution of the agreement, will be charged in full to the Be charged to the client.
If a Client wishes changes in the implementation of a project or assignment provided, MarketingTracer is not obliged to do so. MarketingTracer then has the authority to cancel the order. In that case, the Client is liable for the damage suffered by MarketingTracer, including loss of profit and costs incurred.
Article 21: Recruitment of staff
During the collaboration with MarketingTracer plus a period of 12 months, the Client is not permitted to recruit (formerly) MarketingTracer employees or assignments to be provided as a freelancer or self-employed person, without prior written approval from the MarketingTracer management. In the event of violation of the provisions of this article, the Client will owe MarketingTracer an immediately due and payable penalty of € 25,000 plus € 2,500.00 per day that a violation continues. This fine does not affect MarketingTracer's right to full compensation in accordance with the law.
Article 22: Dispute Resolution and Applicable Law
Contrary to the legal rules for the jurisdiction of the civil court, any dispute between MarketingTracer and the Client, in case the court has jurisdiction, will be settled by the Court in Bergen op Zoom, even if the Client fails The Netherlands is a party.
MarketingTracer, however, remains authorized to sue the Client before the competent court according to the law or the applicable international treaty.
Dutch law applies exclusively to every agreement between MarketingTracer and the Client.
If a version of the present terms and conditions in a language other than the Dutch language applies to the agreement between MarketingTracer and the Client, what is meant in the Dutch text shall prevail in the interpretation of the text of the provisions. This means that the interpretation of as much as possible must be aligned with what is intended to be agreed in the Dutch text, whereby the parties agree that there must be an as grammatical explanation as possible of the wording of the provisions of these conditions. .
Article 23: Change of conditions
MarketingTracer is authorized to make changes to these terms and conditions. These changes come into effect at the announced time of entry into force and after sending the changed terms and conditions, whether or not electronically, by MarketingTracer to the Client.
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Fifth Freedom would like to bid a fond farewell to our longtime Assistant Director, Betty Beck. Her dedication and warm, sociable nature made her a valuable advocate and much loved figure in Indiana's disability community. After more than fifteen years with Fifth Freedom, she is enjoying a well deserved retirement.
The staff and board at Fifth Freedom thank her for her years of service. She has been an inspiration to us all. We send her our best wishes as she begins this new chapter in her life.


To do that, we have to narrow down a long list of possible challenges to just three. Those three challenges will be launched publicly in the coming weeks.
We've spoken to our news partners; we've spoken to many of those working on the front lines of news innovation; Now it's time to ask you -- the MoJo community, and the Mozilla community -- to weigh in.
If you just want to see the list of ideas discussed today, jump here. If you want the preamble, read on.
Since the Knight-Mozilla News Technology Partnership was announced, the whole team -- Ben, Mark, Nathan, and yours truly -- have been pounding the pavement to gather as much input as possible toward making the challenges relevant for both our initial news partners, and the broader news-producing community.
From reporters to news-application developers, from managing editors to news users, we wanted to understand where technology was impacting your experience of news production and consumption -- making it easier, or making it harder; less complex, or more complicated; or providing a glimpse of a possible innovation down the road.
In the list below, I've done my best to present the essence of the idea that was shared with us, while distilling it down to a couple of sentences. Please keep in mind that these are rough drafts that outline just the kernel of the idea; the selected ideas will be developed into a more comprehensive challenge question.
So, with that said, let's start with "Reporting news."
Working with data: Reporters are more frequently being presented with data, or having to work with data, as a source for stories. Tools for quickly getting raw data into a workable format, or finding stories within large datasets, are often complex to use, or very new. But data in the hands of the right reporter can be like magic. How can this be solved?
Working with sources: Sources, one of the fundamental building blocks of reporting, are changing with technology. Once just a phone call away, sources today are as often a database, programmable API, or a PDF as they are a real person. What are new approaches for managing sources?
Crowd-sourced reporting: During the aftermath of events like Hurricane Katrina or the recent earthquake in Japan, aggregating first-hand accounts of the situation on the ground is critical. Once international media attention has subsided, investigations become increasingly challenging. In these situations, gathering data from a network of citizen sources can make all the difference. Tools for this are only starting to exist. What can be developed or improved?
Verification: In breaking-news situations, there's often a rush to get the scoop. As new types of sources become more relevant, like micro blogs and social networks, new challenges are introduced into the verification process. How can these news sources be verified and fact-checked in real time?
What grabs you from the above, based on your experiences? How would you prioritize these? What ideas would you add to the "Reporting news" category? Which challenge would you want to solve?


1. Students marked the multiple choice portion of the Interwar Unit test.
2. Read – King Georges Speech. Read like King George. Explain how Canadians not enthusiastic to start this war. Considering WW1 and Canada's growing independence in 1920s/30s what do you think will be the response of GVNT and of Citizens to WW2?
-Now explain how WW2 is different (notes on rear or sheet – draw diagram on board) - We will delve into this next day.
3. As a class, we reviewed a Powerpoint presentation on appeasement.
-Review appeasement with powerpoint. Students do not need to take notes. Just as a brief reminder.
-Students watched the humorous clip below to learn about appeasement.
-Discussed how appeasement must be considered in the context of its time. For many years it was villefied as a strategy, however, it is more complex than that.
Lesson 2 - People Search, Allies, Axis, Phoney War, Dunkirk, Poland, Holocaust Child!
1. Unit overview. Check off what we learned so far; read the first paragraph. Get students to write on the back that the unit vocabulary is due on the day of the next test. This vocab will be collected for marks this unit.
1.5 - Unit Intro Matrix - Use the picture/mind map to explore the entire war and all that we will study on one big page.
2. WW2 People search activity. Distribute the trivia sheet and have students go around the class to find someone who might know the answer. They must get a signature. Can only have same person twice. They have 5-10 minutes to complete. First one done gets a prize.
-Go over answers; this is an APK style activity meant to see how much they know already.
3. Notes: Allies, Axis, Phoney war, Poland. Display notes on the overhead. Tell students that these notes will be ongoing throughout the unit and that they need to keep them. + maginot line.
-Powerpoint on Poland to understand how war started. Then take notes only on the section called "the phony war" in the ppt.
-Today, use notes on Allies, axis and phoney war. Get them to do it Cornell style & put in own words.
5. ACTIVITY: We often forget in war that Children are very vulnerable. The next activity is meant to introduce students to the "Holocaust Child" Activity. Students each receive a child (a printout of an actual child from the era). They cannot lose their child. On the rear of the printout, get students to divide the blank side into six grids. Each day of the unit, students will start class by answering a question about their child. It can be based on actual autobiographical events from the text of the child, or students may write creative fiction as their answers (however, we must be respectful). Students will receive a child, but the end of their story is not included (Mr. Fitton has cut it off). On the last day of the unit, we will see a complete sheet with the outcome for your child.
-Questions to be asked and written about in each quadrant during the Unit – they can make the answers up as long as they are realistic to the time period.
A. What sports/Activities does your child engage in. Why?
3. We took several notes (no online copies available, sorry) on Operation Sealion (Battle of Britain) and the start of the war.
4. Review Document Based Questions Sheet. You will need to know the following terms to answer the questions posed by the assignment.
Primary Source: A first hand original account created at the time of the event (newspaper, tv news, magazine, tv news, eyewitness account. Look at the date. Not always reliable.
-We read through the sources as a class and students answered the questions. Due next class.
1. Read Unit overview. Check off what we learned so far; read the first paragraph. Get students to write on the back that the unit vocabulary is due on the day of the next test. So they cannot argue.
2. Battle of Dieppe – Students Read: Textbook – on the Diepp Raid – Pre-reading.
3. Notes from the overhead + Dieppe handout sheet. Then review Battle of Hong Kong – where Canadians went first.
4. Video: Operation Barbarossa – part of a documentary that shows the tide turning and Russian's pushing back the German army.
B. Does he have any sisters or brothers, what does he think of them?
D. Go meet another student in class and make friends with them. What is their name? Why are you friends.
E. What are your future job ambitions? What do you want to do with your life?
F. Discuss your family, who is in it? What kind of house do you live in?
G. How is your family similar to that of your child's family.
H. What do you think happens to your child?
5. Unit overview. As a class, we will read the unit overview and check off what we learned so far; read the first paragraph. Get students to write on the back that the unit vocabulary is due on the day of the next test. So they cannot argue I have not given sufficient warning.
6. Film –WW2 Canada's Role: Watch film and respond to questions while I punctuate with commentary.
-Watch and respond to questions.
7. Vocabulary from unit. Time to work on it.
1. Italy and D-Day – Notes from overhead.
-Must write notes on board: Canadians liberate Holland; welcomed as Heroes – delivered food to starving population.
-Show students the sand brought to me from France.
2. Show clip from Private Ryan. Omaha Beach scene. Just to show how awful war is. Explain how Canadians landed at Juno Beach.
3. Homefront Matrix: Distribute Matrix of the homefront.
-Have student's read silently about the home front from the textbook.
-Go over the Unit Matrix which includes info from what they just read.
-Taught Vocab: NRMA and "Zombies"
1. **Band of Brothers – "Why We Fight" Nazi concentration camp scene.
-Show the clip and explain how this is what the Allies/RS soldiers found when they entered into Nazi occupied territory. Today we are going to look all the way back and see how this could have occurred and posit if it could happen again today.
2. QUIZ – are you PREDISPOSED to hatred. -Distribute quiz that asks if students are predisposed to dislike. Explain how this does not mean that they are racist or bad people, just that they are pre-disposed to dislike, which is meant to illustrate that anyone of us could under the right/wrong conditions participate in something like the holocaust.
3. Milgram – Stand on line. If students agree, they stand on the line. If they disagree, they step off the line put on the floor.
-Could you hurt someone if you knew they weren't going to die?
-Sit down – how many said yes.
----Whoever says yes was right. -Explain Milgram and his findings about human nature.
-Show an overhead of how the Milgram experiment worked. See picture to the side. We will now watch a film that details the experiment.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6GxIuljT3w Discuss how it could happen today.
5. Play Video Clip – Zimbardo Experiment – ask kids, how did ordinary Germans turn this way. Explain the history of the Zimbardo Prison experiment.
Are we all capable of murder. Explain how I think about Zimbardo's experiment every time I go to work.
7. Ladder of Prejudice (thesis == start small, goes to death) – Graphic Organizer. Students will examine the "Ladder of Prejudice Handout" below. It details how the Holocaust is an evolutionary process that does not start with extermination. It starts with Racist jokes, etc. That is why it is so important to be aware of the ladder of prejudice, so that we can stop climbing the ladder to another atrocious event.
8. View Slideshow for background info./History sheet with info on it.
9. **Schindler's List (6 Minutes) 0-2:30; 17-24:12 (From second half of DVD) show falling scene, and bodies burning. Then scene where train goes to death camp & women get into showers are actual showers.
10. Show students what happened to their child. Students will take out their "Child of War" that they have been writing about for the unit. Mr. Fitton will post on the wall, all of the children of war with their complete stories. Students will now find out what happened to their Child. In the final square on the back of their handout, students will write what happened to their child. Also, a brief reflection on how they feel after seeing the outcome.
- While students are reading, In background, Mr. Fitton will play the theme from Schindler's list (violin solo). Discuss why this song/instrument/solo help convey the mood of the film.
11. Open class discussion where students may ask questions or debrief their feelings on the Holocaust.
1. Reminders -Test: 25 multiple choice qs; 11 Short Answer; Graphic Organizer (12 marks) – Choose 1 of 2 options.
I. Battle of Ortona J. Battle of Atlantic fought to protect this country K. Country with most u-boats.
B. Family Guy – German Bratwurst (0.20) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSGObTtDdqM(What is wrong with clip, what is it saying about Germans?
What is this making fun of? What is wrong with it?
7. Class went over the "Review Matrix Picture" a youtube link is posted below that shows what we covered in class and the answers to the sheet.
8. Students were given a review sheet to ensure that they studied.
2. We played "Review Musical Chairs"
3. We reviewed for the test in sundry ways!
Unit Test and Start questions on Cold War.


Aggressive driving behaviors can include speeding, frequent and unnecessary lane changes, tailgating, and running red or yellow lights. Road rage is different from aggressive driving in that it involves using a vehicle as a weapon against another driver. Incidents that lead to aggressive driving behavior often are often trivial in nature, and not something you might think would cause the explosions that characterize road rage. Violent traffic disputes rarely are the result of a single incident; rather, they are the additive result of a long list of troubles in the driver's life.
• Keep your emotions in check. Don't take your frustrations out on other drivers.
• Focus on your own driving. Yelling, pounding on the steering wheel and honking your horn won't make traffic move any faster.
• Don't tailgate or flash your lights at another driver.
• If you're in the left lane and someone wants to pass, move over and let the driver pass you.
• Use your horn sparingly.
If you do encounter an angry driver, don't make matters worse by triggering a confrontation.
• Steer clear and give angry drivers plenty of room.
• Don't make inappropriate hand or facial gestures.
• If you're concerned for your safety, call 911.
Aggressive driving behaviors create unsafe situations and can lead to road rage. Speeding is a contributing factor in a third of all fatal crashes, and the money cost to society due to speeding-related crashes is estimated to be $40.4 billion per year.