text:
© Warner Bros. Pictures, DC Films, LuckyChap Entertainment, Clubhouse Pictures, Kroll & Co Entertainment
Werdin Place
Want to know where Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) starring Margot Robbie, Ewan McGregor and Mary Elizabeth Winstead was filmed at Werdin Place in Los Angeles, United States? Start scrolling.
Harley thinks she escaped the scene but comes across Happy who has been waiting for that moment for a long time…
486 Werdin Pl, Los Angeles, California 90013, United States
34.0465507507324, -118.247901916504
More locations of Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) >
Filming took place in the so called Toy District, a 12-block area in eastern Downtown Los Angeles. It consists of one- and two-story buildings often painted in pastel shades and is home to roughly five hundred toy- and electronics-related businesses. Taiwanese and Vietnamese immigrants of Chinese descent opened up the first toy stores in the early 1980s, and at first these merchants sold toys only during holiday periods. The growth of the toy industry in this area helped revive these economically stricken areas of Downtown Los Angeles, and the process gave birth to the Toy District, which by 2003 was home to hundreds of resellers of mostly Asian-made toys and other goods.
Margot Robbie, Matthew Willig
Harley Quinn joins forces with a singer, an assassin and a police detective to help a young girl who had a hit placed on her after she stole a rare diamond from a crime lord.
Read more about Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) >
Map with Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) locations >
2020, March 31
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text:
Tag Archives: Edward IV
juni 26, 2016 · 5:07 pm
[Article of Conor Byrne]/The forgotten Countess, Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick
THE FORGOTTEN COUNTESS, ANNE BEAUCHAMP, COUNTESS
OF WARWICK
SEE WEBSITE CONOR BYRNE
http://conorbyrnex.blogspot.nl/2015/11/the-forgotten-duchess-anne-beauchamp.html
The Forgotten Countess: Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick
Above: Anne Beauchamp alongside her husband Richard Neville, earl of Warwick, in the television series The White Queen.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor [Article of Conor Byrne]/The forgotten Countess, Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick
Tagged as Anne Beauchamp 15th Coluntess of Warwick, Anne Beauchamp 15th Countess of Warwick, Anne Mortimer, Anne Neville Queen of England, Cecily Duchess of York, Edmund of Langley, Edward III, Edward IV, England, English history, France, George Plantagenet Duke of Clarence, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, House of Lancaster, House of York, Hundred Years War, In English, Isabelle Neville Duchess of Clarence, John of Gaunt, Lionel of Antwerp, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick, The Wars of the Roses, Wars of t, Wars of the Roses, Warwick the Kingmaker
juni 11, 2016 · 10:45 pm
The Wars of the Roses/[From Susan Higginbotham]/The King's Mother in Law, Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick
THE KING'S MOTHER IN LAW:
ANNE BEAUCHAMP, COUNTESS OF WARWICK
BY SUSAN HIGGINBOTHAM
http://www.susanhigginbotham.com/subpages/annebeauchamp.htm
Wife to a kingmaker and mother to a queen, Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick, is nonetheless one of the more shadowy figures caught up in the Wars of the Roses. Yet her life intersected with those of the most powerful men of the time, and her wealth would be much desired by some of those men.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/[From Susan Higginbotham]/The King's Mother in Law, Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick
Tagged as Anne Beauchamp 15th Countess of Warwick, Anne Mortimer, Anne Neville Queen of England, Cecily Duchess of York, Edmund of Langley, Edward III, Edward IV, English history, France, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, House of Lancaster, House of York, Hundred Years War, In English, Isabel Duchess of Clarence, John of Gaunt, Lionel of Antwerp, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick, The Wars of the Roses, Wars of the Roses, Warwick the Kingmaker
augustus 19, 2015 · 4:42 pm
Rozenoorlogen en boerenopstanden/Adel tegen adel/Adel tegen het volk/Heersende klasse toen en nu
MACHTHEBBERS UIT HEDEN EN VERLEDEN
WAT ZE GROTENDEELS GEMEEN HEBBEN IS
DE ONDERDRUKKING/BEVOOGDING
VAN DEGENEN, DIE GEEN MACHT HEBBEN
[In geval van
Louise Gunning, die eigenlijk niet hier thuishoort, maar
in een adem met de rest wordt genoemd door Matthijs van de Sande
vanwege haar onderdrukkende rol tegen het studentenverzet]
HET IS ECHTER HISTORISCH GEZIEN ONZINNIG, ZE ALLEMAAL
OP EEN HOOP TE GOOIEN
DAARVOOR ZIJN VERSCHILLEN EN TIJDSOMSTANDIGHEDEN
TE GROOT
TEGENSTELLINGEN TUSSEN DE ARME, ONDERHORIGE
BOEREN EN DE BEZITTENDE KLASSE, DE ADEL, LEIDDEN
TOT BOERENOPSTANDEN
EN INDERDAAD KON EEN EDELMAN AAN DE "RIEK" VAN
EEN BOER EINDIGEN
MAAR DAT BETEKENDE NIET, DAT DE ADEL
MINDER TE VREZEN HAD VAN ZIJN MEDE EDELEN.
EDELEN HADDEN DAN WEL GEZAMENLIJKE BELANGEN
[ONDERDRUKKING VAN DE ONDERLIGGENDE KLASSE],
MAAR MEER NOG DAN VAN DE BOEREN HADDEN ZE
VAN ELKAAR TE VREZEN IN RIVALISERENDE
OORLOGEN OM MACHT, LAND EN KROON:
DODELIJK VOORBEELD WAREN DE ROZENOORLOGEN IN DE LATE
MIDDELEEUWEN IN ENGELAND,
EEN STRIJD OM DE TROON TUSSEN EDELEN, DIE AFSTAMDEN
VAN KONING EDWARD III, WAARBIJ PRAKTISCH
DE HELE OUDE ENGELSE MIDDELEEUWSE ADEL ZICHZELF HEEFT
VERNIETIGD
DEZE STRIJD LIEP TUSSEN EN DOOR FAMILIES HEEN
BROTHER AGAINST BROTHER…….
HET VOLK KWAM ER WEINIG AAN TE PAS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wars_of_the_Roses
https://www.astridessed.nl/the-wars-of-the-rosescauses-of-the-wars-of-the-rosesa-travel-to-the-past/
TEGENSTELLINGEN TUSSEN DE EDELEN
DE ROZENOORLOGEN
Painting by Henry Payne in 1908 of the scene in the Temple Garden from Shakespeare's play Henry VI, Part 1, where supporters of the rival factions pick either red or white roses
Battle of Towton, as depicted by Richard Caton Woodville, Jr. (1856–1927)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Towton
Late 15th-century artistic portrayal of the battle: Edward IV (left), wearing a circlet and mounted on a horse, leads the Yorkist charge and pierces the Earl of Warwick (right) with his lance; in reality, Warwick was not killed by Edward.
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Battle_of_Barnet
The battle of Tewkesbury, depicted in a Ghentmanuscript
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tewkesbury
TEGENSTELLINGEN TUSSEN DE ADEL EN HET VOLK
HEERSERS EN ONDERDRUKTEN/ARMOEDE EN RIJKDOM
RIJKDOM VAN DE ADEL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_Duc_de_Berry
ARMOEDE VAN DE BOEREN
BOERENOPSTANDEN
JACQUERIE, FRANSE BOERENOPSTAND IN 1358
GEDURENDE DE HONDERDJARIGE OORLOG MET FRANKRIJK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacquerie
Richard II meets the rebels on 13 June 1381 in a miniature from a 1470s copy of Jean Froissart'sChronicles.
Wat Tyler
Wat Tyler's death (left to right: [unidentified]; SirWilliam Walworth, Mayor of London (wielding sword); Wat Tyler; Richard II of England; andJohn Cavendish, esquire to Richard II (bearing lance)
ENGELSE BOERENOPSTAND ONDER LEIDING VAN WAT TYLER IN
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat_Tyler
Jack Cade
Lord Saye and Sele brought before Jack Cade 4th July 1450, painting by Charles Lucy
ENGELSE BOERENOPSTAND ONDER LEIDING VAN
JACK CADE IN 1450, IN DE
NADAGEN VAN DE HONDERDJARIGE OORLOG
MET FRANKRIJK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Cade
Filips IV de Schone
Koning van Frankrijk
PHILIPS IV [DE SCHONE], KONING VAN FRANKRIJK
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filips_IV_van_Frankrijk
John the Good
Portrait of John painted on wood panel around 1350, Louvre Museum
JEAN II, KONING VAN FRANKRIJK
DE BOERENOPSTAND
DE JAQUERIE VOND ONDER ZIJN HEERSCHAPPIJ PLAATS,
MAAR ZIJN ZOON, DE LATERE KAREL V, ONDERDRUKTE
DE OPSTAND [JEAN II WAS OP DAT MOMENT IN
ENGELSE KRIJGSGEVANGENSCHAP, TIJDENS DE HONDERDJARIGE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II_of_France
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=John_II_of_France#Treaty_of_Mantes_and_Battle_of_Poitiers
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=John_II_of_France#Prisoner_of_the_English
Charles V the Wise
King of France
KAREL V, KONING VAN FRANKRIJK, ZOON VAN JEAN II EN
ONDERDRUKKER VAN DE BOERENOPSTAND DE JACQUERIE
IN 1358, ALS REGENT VAN ZIJN VADER JEAN II, DIE
OP DAT MOMENT IN ENGELSE KRIJGSGEVANGENSCHAP
WAS, TIJDENS DE HONDERDJARIGE OORLOG
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V_of_France
Portrait at Westminster Abbey, mid-1390s
RICHARD II, KONING VAN ENGELAND
ONDERDRUKKER BOERENOPSTAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England
HENDRIK V, KONING VAN ENGELAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_V_of_England
King of England (more…)
HENDRIK VI, KONING VAN ENGELAND
ONDERDRUKKER VAN DE BOERENOPSTAND
ONDER LEIDING VAN JACK CADE
[Daarbij moet wel gezegd worden, dat Hendrik VI een
voor die tijd zachtmoedige en vredelievende koning was,
die daarnaast psychische problemen had en vaak niet
in staat was om te regeren, waardoor
veel beslissingen door zijn raadgevers werden genomen]
Onder zijn heerschappij braken de Rozenoorlogen uit,
een strijd tussen edelen om de kroon [die edelen
stamden af van Koning Edward III, evenals Hendrik VI]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England#The_ascendancy_of_Suffolk_and_Somerset
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England#Insanity.2C_and_the_ascendancy_of_York
King Henry VIII by Hans Holbein the Younger,Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool.
HENDRIK VIII, KONING VAN ENGELAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Henry_VIII_of_England
Lodewijk XIV
co-vorst van Andorra
LODEWIJK XIV, KONING VAN FRANKRIJK
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodewijk_XIV_van_Frankrijk
LOUISE GUNNING, VOORMALIG VOORZITTER
UVA, AUTOCRATISCH UNIVERSITEITS
BESTUURDER/ONDERDRUKKER RECHTEN STUDENTEN
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Gunning-Schepers
https://www.astridessed.nl/studentenprotestvoor-democratisch-bestuur-en-tegen-teloorgang-onderwijs/
MARK RUTTE, PREMIER
ONDERDRUKKER SOCIAAL ZWAKKEREN [BEZUINIGINGEN]
EN VLUCHTELINGEN [BED, BAD EN BROOD AKKOORD]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Rutte
https://www.astridessed.nl/bed-bad-en-brood-akkoordbrief-aan-emile-roemer-sp-tweede-kamer-fractievoorzitter-over-zijn-column-bed-bad-en-brood/
http://www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/politiek/compromis-bed-bad-brood-dit-staat-het-akkoord
DIEDERIK SAMSOM
FRACTIEVOORZITTER PVDA
ONDERDRUKKER SOCIAAL ZWAKKEREN
[BEZUINIGINGEN] EN VLUCHTELINGEN [
BED, BAD EN BROOD AKKOORD]
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diederik_Samsom
ROZENOORLOGEN EN BOERENOPSTANDEN/ADEL TEGEN ADEL/ADEL
TEGEN HET VOLK/HEERSENDE KLASSE TOEN EN NU
REACTIE OP
MATTHIJS VAN DE SANDE/GOEDE MAATSCHAPPIJANALYSE/
ONZUIVERE HISTORIE INTERPRETRATIE
HEERSENDE KLASSE EN HET VOLK/TEGENSTELLINGEN
EN STRATEGIEEEN
Matthijs van de Sande, huiscolumnist van de antiracistische website
"Doorbraak", die doorgaans goede en strijdbare stukken schrijft [1], kan zich
beter niet op het pad der geschiedenis begeven..
Maatschappijkritiek, van deze tijd, lijkt hem beter op het lijf geschreven.
Ik doel hier op een overigens interessant stuk, dat hij in juni van dit
jaar heeft geschreven:
"Zijn ze eigenlijk nog wel bang genoeg?" [2]
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor Rozenoorlogen en boerenopstanden/Adel tegen adel/Adel tegen het volk/Heersende klasse toen en nu
Tagged as Eduard III, Edward III, Edward IV, English history, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, Henry VIII, history, Hundred Years War, Jack Cade rebellion, Jacquerie, Margaret of Anjou, Mensenrechten, Philips II, Richard 3rd Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Rozenoorlogen, Tachtigjarige Oorlog, Wars of the Roses, Wat Tyler rebellion, Willem van Oranje
maart 30, 2015 · 4:47 pm
The Wars of the Roses/Enmity between Margaret of Anjou and Richard, Duke of York/After the battle of Wakefield/Manifesto of Margaret of Anjou to the citizens of London in 1461
RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE
AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York
EDMUND BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF SOMERSET, THE GREAT RIVAL
OF RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Beaufort,_2nd_Duke_of_Somerset
http://queenanneboleyn.com/2014/10/13/possession-wars-of-the-roses/
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
HISTORICAL IMAGE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England
RICHARD NEVILLE, 16TH EARL OF WARWICK, THE KINGMAKER
COUSIN TO EDWARD IV, FIRST ALLY TO HIS FATHER, RICHARD,
DUKE OF YORK, THEN TO KING EDWARD IV
LATER THEY BECAME ADVERSARIES AND THE KINGMAKER TURNED
TO MARGARET OF ANJOU [BECOMING A "LANCASTRIAN] TO RESTORE HENRY VI TO THE THRONE
HE FAILED AND LOST HIS LIFE IN THE BATTLE OF TEWKESBURY
HIS DAUGHTER, ANNE, LATER BECAME QUEEN OF ENGLAND,
MARRIED TO KING RICHARD III [BROTHER TO KING EDWARD IV]
[FICTION]
http://queenanneboleyn.com/2014/08/25/our-common-enemy-wars-of-the-roses/
KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou
TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
http://queenanneboleyn.com/2013/11/04/my-fathers-daughter-wars-of-the-roses/
ENMITY BETWEEN MARGARET OF ANJOU AND RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK/
AFTER THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD/MANIFESTO OF MARGARET OF
ANJOU TO THE CITIZENS OF LONDON IN 1461
"When you play the game of thrones, you win or
you die. There is no middle ground"
I proudly present one of the rare documents I found in which Queen Margaret
of Anjou refers to her great enemy, Richard, Duke of York.
It is to be read in a Manifesto she proclaimed to the citizens
of London concerning her military campaigns after
the Battle of Wakefield.
See the text of the Manifesto below
But first:
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/Enmity between Margaret of Anjou and Richard, Duke of York/After the battle of Wakefield/Manifesto of Margaret of Anjou to the citizens of London in 1461
Tagged as Anne Mortimer, Edmund Beaufort 2nd Duke of Somerset, Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March, Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York, Edward III, Edward IV, England, English history, France, Henry Beaufort 3rd Duke of Somerset, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, Hundred Years War, In English, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster, Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence, Louis XI, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3rd Duke of York, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, Richard Neville 5th Earl of Salisbury, Roger Mortimer 4th Earl of March, The Black Prince, The Wars of the Roses, Thomas of Woodstock, Wars of the Roses
maart 29, 2015 · 10:36 pm
The Wars of the Roses/[Murreyandblue/WordPress.com]/Duke Richard the 3rd Duke of York (3), heir to the throne
DUKE RICHARD, THE 3RD DUKE OF YORK (3), HEIR TO
The she-wolf of France, but worse than wolves of France
Whose tongue more poisons than an adders tooth
How ill beseeming it is in thy sex
To triumph like an amazon trull"
(Henry VI Part 3)
St Albans and its significance
The first battle of St Albans represents a landmark in the dispute between York and Lancaster; not as the first battle of a civil war, since it was not that, or as their biggest or bloodiest battle, since it was not that either. Its importance lay in the fact that it represented the ultimate expression of York's change of tack from being the king's champion to being the realm's champion.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/[Murreyandblue/WordPress.com]/Duke Richard the 3rd Duke of York (3), heir to the throne
Tagged as Anne Mortimer, Edmund Beaufort 2nd Duke of Somerset, Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March, Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, England, English history, France, Henry Beaufort 3rd Duke of Somerset, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, House of Lancaster, House of York, Hundred Years War, In English, Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3rd Duke of York, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, Richard Neville 5th Earl of Salisbury, Roger Mortimer 4th Earl of March, The Black Prince, The Wars of the Roses, Thomas of Woodstock, Wars of the Roses
· 10:22 pm
The Wars of the Roses/[Murreyandblue/WordPress.com]/Duke Richard the 3rd Duke of York "……..the King's true liegeman……?"
DUKE RICHARD, THE 3RD DUKE OF YORK (2), "…….THE KING'S TRUE LIEGEMAN
…….?"
How now? Is Somerset at liberty?
Then, York unloose thy long-imprisoned thoughts
And let thy tongue be equal with thy heart.
Shall I endure the sight of Somerset?
(Shakespeare: Henry VI part 2)
On his return from service in Normandy, duke Richard was the king's true liegeman and an obedient servant of the Lancastrian establishment: or so it seemed. If he blamed the government for his enormous debts incurred on the king's service, he did not show it. If he resented the preferment of John Beaufort and two other Lancastrian earls, he did not show it. If he was angry at the loss of Anjou and Main as part of the queen's marriage settlement, he did not show it. In fact his reticence was a remarkable display of sangfroid in the face of his worsening financial, dynastic and political situation. Whether this reflected his true feelings or not is doubtful. Although there was now a fracture in his bond of loyalty to the Lancastrian government, he could not afford a public show of pique. He was politically weak and only harm could come to him from making a fuss now. Discretion is indeed the better part of valour; York was keeping his own counsel and biding his time.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/[Murreyandblue/WordPress.com]/Duke Richard the 3rd Duke of York "……..the King's true liegeman……?"
Tagged as Anne Moertimer, Anne Mortimer, Edmund Beaufort 2nd Duke of Somerset, Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March, Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, England, English history, France, Henry Baeufort 3rd Duke of Somerset, Henry Beaufort 3rd Duke of Somerset, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, House of Lancaster, House of York, Hundred Years War, In English, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster, Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3rd Duke of York, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, Richard Neville 5th Earl of Salisbury, Roger Mortimer 4th Earl of March, The Black Prince, The Wars of the Roses, Thomas of Woodstock, Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses/[Rusell Butcher]/Propaganda in the prepared parliamentary speeches of 1455-1461
PROPAGANDA IN THE PREPARED PARLIAMENTARY SPEECHES
OF 1455-1461
RUSELL BUTCHER
Propaganda, perceived by many as a twentieth-century phenomenon, has permeated recorded history. The mass propaganda of the world wars and cold war linger most in present memory, due not only to its chronological proximity, but also its potency. Earlier uses of propaganda can easily be overshadowed, in many cases considered mere bias. Yet it has always existed, and in England developed particularly in the years from 1455 to 1485, which saw a growth in the awareness for the need of propaganda to stabilise or undermine the regime in power. Many historians have made reference to propaganda in the prepared speeches in the parliamentary records for 1455-61, but few have scrutinised them as a whole as I intend to do here.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/[Rusell Butcher]/Propaganda in the prepared parliamentary speeches of 1455-1461
Tagged as Act of Accord, Anne Mortimer, Edmund Beaufort 2nd Duke of Somerset, Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March, Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York, Edmund of Lanley 1, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, English history, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, House of Lancaster, House of York, Hundred Years War, In English, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster, Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, Richard Neville 5th Earl of Salisbury, Richard of Conisburgh, Richard of Conisburgh 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Roger Mortimer 4th Earl of March, Southampton Plot, The Black Prince, The Wars of the Roses, Thomas of Woodstock, Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses/Rivalry between Richard, Duke of York and the Duke of Somerset/The oath of allegiance of Richard, Duke of York to King Henry VI at St Paul´s Cathedral in 1452
[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,
BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]
RIVALRY BETWEEN RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK AND THE DUKE OF SOMERSET/
THE OATH OF ALLEGIANCE OF RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK TO KING HENRY VI IN THE ST PAUL´S
CATHEDRAL IN 1452
Presenting the oath of allegiance that Richard, Duke of York had to
swear to King Henry VI, which I found in the Paston Letters.
This oath was the direct result of the rivalry between
Richard, Duke of York and Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset,which
came to an armed clash with King Henry VI in 1450 as 1452, not challenging
the King´s power, as sometimes is assumed, but to dismiss
Somerset as councillor of the King.
Trying to get rid of Somerset, York had also made two
proclamations, one at the 9th of january and when that didn't
work, and then, a stronger one at the 3rd of february, 1452, showing
more enmity against Somerset than in the first.
However, this strike was for Somerset,
because York was arrested and had to swear an oath of
allegiance to King Henry VI at St Paul's Cathedral, while Somerset was still
in favour.
Eventually, this rivalry,
together with other causes, would lead to the Wars of the Roses.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/Rivalry between Richard, Duke of York and the Duke of Somerset/The oath of allegiance of Richard, Duke of York to King Henry VI at St Paul´s Cathedral in 1452
Tagged as Edmund Beaufort Duke of Somerset, Edmund of Langley, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, English history, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, In English, In Engllish, John of Gaunt, Lionel of Antwerp, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, Richard Neville 5th Earl of Salisbury, The Black Prince, The Wars of the Roses, Thiomas of Woodstock, Thomas of Woodstock, Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses/The House of York/Reaction on Encyclopaedia Britannica's changes in their article after my comments
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_(film)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England
KING RICHARD II, [SON OF THE BLACK PRINCE, THE FIRST
SON OF KING EDWARD III AND THEREFORE SUCCESSOR
OF KING EDWARD III], WHO DECLARED ROGER MORTIMER
HIS HEIR PRESUMPTIVE.
ROGER MORTIMER WAS THE SON OF RICHARD II'S FIRST
COUSIN PHILIPPA,
THE DAUGHTER OF THE SECOND SON OF KING EDWARD III,
LIONEL OF ANTWERP
AND THEREFORE NEXT IN LINE TO THE SUCCESSION TO
THE THRONE, AS LONG AS RICHARD II WAS CHILDLESS.
ROGER MORTIMER HAD TWO CHILDREN, EDMUND, 4TH EARL OF
MARCH AND ANNE MORTIMER, WHO MARRIED RICHARD CONISBURGH,
SON OF EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF YORK [FOURTH SON
OF EDWARD III]
AFTER HIS DEATH, ROGER MORTIMER PASSED HIS HEIR
PRESUMPTIVE RIGHT TO HIS SON EDMUND, 5TH EARL
OF MARCH, WHO PASSED THIS RIGHT TO HIS NEPHEW
RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, SON OF HIS SISTER
ANNE MORTIMER.
WHEN RICHARD II WAS USURPED BY HIS COUSIN
HENRY BOLINGBROKE [LATER KING HENRY IV, SON OF JOHN
OF GAUNT, THE THIRD SON OF KING EDWARD III AND
THEREFORE WITH A LESSER RIGHT TO THE THRONE
THAN EDMUND MORTIMER],
EDMUND, THE SON OF THE LATE ROGER MORTIMER,
BEING THE RIGHTFUL SUCCESSOR, WAS OVERLOOKED.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_of_Antwerp,_1st_Duke_of_Clarence
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippa,_5th_Countess_of_Ulster
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Mortimer,_4th_Earl_of_March
ROGER MORTIMER'S SON AND DAUGHTER, EDMUND AND
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Mortimer,_5th_Earl_of_March
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_de_Mortimer
ANNE MORTIMER'S SON, RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK,
GRANDSON [FROM HIS MOTHER'S SIDE]
OF ROGER MORTIMER
HIS CLAIM TO THE THRONE WAS BASED ON HIS
MATERNAL SIDE AND SUPERIOR TO THE LANCASTERS,
WHO DESCENDED FROM THE THIRD SON OF EDWARD III,
WHILE RICHARD DESCENDED FROM THE SECOND SON
KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS
HENRY BOLINGBROKE, HIS COUSIN
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England
KING HENRY V, SON OF KING HENRY IV
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_V_of_England
KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND, SON OF KING HENRY V
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,
DUKE OF YORK
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England
KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING
AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England
THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE HOUSE OF YORK/REACTION
ON ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA'S CHANGES IN THEIR
ARTICLE AFTER MY COMMENTS
Recently I wrote to Encyclopaedia Britannica about their
article "The House of York", adding some critical remarks.
Encyclopaedia Britannica called the overthrow of King Henry VI
by the son of Richard, Duke of York, the later King Edward IV,
after his victory in the Battle of Towton, an "usurpation".
In my letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica, I pointed out,
that although it was a deposing of King Henry VI, it was no
"usurpation", because of the York superior claim to
the throne, by descending from maternal side from
King Edward III's second son, Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of
Clarence, while the Lancasters descended from the third
son of King Edward III, John of Gaunt.
King Richard II appointed the grandson of Lionel
of Antwerp, Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March,
[the son of Lionel's daughter Philippa Plantagenet,
who married Edmund Mortimer, 3th Earl of March,
as his heir presumptive
to the throne, a right which passed through his son, Edmund
Mortimer, 5th Earl of March.
Were Richard II not usurped by his cousin, Henrt Bolingbroke
[the later King Henry IV, and Richard II died childless, Edmund
Mortimer should be King of England.
And Edmund Mortimer was the maternal uncle
of Richard, Duke of York, who was the son of Edmund Mortimer's
sister, Anne Mortimer.
Since Edmund Mortimer died childless, Richard of York inherited
his vast estates and the title of Earl of March [he became the
6th Earl of March], which he passed
to his son, the later Edward IV.
So when Edward IV overthrew Henry VI, it was a deposal, not
usurpation.
When mentioning the Act of Accord of 1460, by which
Richard of York and Parliament agreed, that Richard of York
would succeed Henry VI after his death [and thus disinheriting
Edward of Westminster, the son of Henry VI, which infuriated
of course his mother, Margaret of Anjou], which was confirmed
by Richard's superior claim to the throne,
Encyclopaedia Britannica made a remark about the
"weakness" in this claim by deriving from females.
I challenged that by pointing out, that four English Kings
either inherited the throne from the female line, or
claimed the crown from the female line.
REACTION OF ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
I received an interesting and partly satisfying reaction
from Encyclopaedia Britannica with some changes
This was their reaction:
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/The House of York/Reaction on Encyclopaedia Britannica's changes in their article after my comments
Tagged as Anne Mortimer, Edmund Mortimer 3th Earl of March, Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March, Edmund of Langley, Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York, Edmund of Langsley, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, England, English history, France, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, Hundred Years War, In English, John of Gaunt, Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence, Margaret of Anjou, Philippa Plantagenet, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard of Conisburgh, Roger Mortimer 4th Earl of March, The House of Lancaster, The House of York, The Wars of the Roses, Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses/[Susan Higginbotham's History Refreshed]/The captivity of Margaret of Anjou
THE CAPTIVITY OF MARGARET OF ANJOU
A comment on Margaret's Facebook page (thanks, Marilyn!) reminded me that I've never posted in detail about Margaret's captivity following her defeat at Tewkesbury. So now I'm going to remedy this situation.
Reacties uitgeschakeld voor The Wars of the Roses/[Susan Higginbotham's History Refreshed]/The captivity of Margaret of Anjou
Tagged as Alice de la Pole Duchess of Suffolk, Anne Neville daughter of the 16th Earl of Warwick, Anne Neville wife to King Richard III, Battle of Barnet, Battle of Tewkewbury, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, English history, George Plantagenet Duke of Clarence, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, In English, Isabel Neville Duchess of Clarence, King Louis XI of France, Margaret of Anjou, Medieval History, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, The Wars of the Roses, Wars of the Roses, William de la Pole Duke of Suffolk

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
27 Draconis, eller f Draconis, är en gul jätte som ligger i stjärnbilden Draken.

27 Dra har visuell magnitud +5,07 och är synlig för blotta ögat vid någorlunda god seeing. Den befinner sig på ett avstånd av ungefär 210 ljusår.

Referenser

Stjärnbilden Draken
Gula jättar
Flamsteedobjekt
HR-objekt
HD-objekt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package org.apache.solr.explorer.client.plugin.facet.ui.date;

import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickEvent;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickHandler;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.Command;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.Event;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.*;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.core.manager.solr.admin.SolrCore;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.core.manager.solr.search.SearchManager;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.core.model.context.SearchContext;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.core.model.context.query.FieldValueFilter;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.core.model.context.query.QueryContext;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.plugin.facet.manager.FacetManager;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.plugin.facet.model.context.DateFacetDefinition;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.plugin.facet.model.context.FacetContext;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.plugin.facet.model.result.DateFacet;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.plugin.facet.model.result.FacetEntry;
import org.apache.solr.explorer.client.util.Callback;
import org.gwtoolbox.widget.client.button.SimpleLinkButton;
import org.gwtoolbox.widget.client.menu.MenuPopup;
import org.gwtoolbox.widget.client.panel.LayoutUtils;
import org.gwtoolbox.widget.client.popup.Popup;

import static org.gwtoolbox.widget.client.panel.LayoutUtils.addGap;

/**
 * @author Uri Boness
 */
public class DateFacetBox extends Composite {

    private final VerticalPanel entriesPanel;
    private final DateFacetDefinition definition;

    private final SearchManager searchManager;
    private final FacetManager facetManager;
    private final SolrCore solrCore;

    private Header header;

    public DateFacetBox(
            DateFacetDefinition definition,
            SolrCore solrCore,
            SearchManager searchManager,
            FacetManager facetManager) {

        this.definition = definition;
        this.searchManager = searchManager;
        this.facetManager = facetManager;
        this.solrCore = solrCore;

        header = new Header(definition.getName());
        header.setWidth("100%");

        DisclosurePanel main = new DisclosurePanel();
        main.setHeader(header);

        entriesPanel = new VerticalPanel();
        entriesPanel.setWidth("100%");

        main.setContent(entriesPanel);

        initWidget(main);
        setStyleName("FieldFacetBox");
    }

    public DateFacetDefinition getDefinition() {
        return definition;
    }

    public void reset(DateFacet dateFacet) {
        resetUI(dateFacet);
    }

    //============================================== Helper Methods ====================================================

    private void doRemove() {
        SearchContext searchContext = searchManager.getCurrentSearchContext();
        QueryContext queryContext = searchContext.getContext(QueryContext.class);
        queryContext.removeFieldValueFilter(definition.getFieldName());
        FacetContext facetContext = searchContext.getContext(FacetContext.class);
        facetContext.removeDateFacetDefinition(definition.getId());
        removeFromParent();
    }

    protected void doEdit() {
        final DateFacetDialog dialog = new DateFacetDialog(solrCore.getSchema(), definition, true) {
            @Override
            protected void doSubmit(DateFacetDefinition definition) {
                doRefresh();
            }
        };
        dialog.setPopupPositionAndShow(new Popup.PositionCallback() {
            public void setPosition(int offsetWidth, int offsetHeight) {
                dialog.setPopupPosition(header.getAbsoluteLeft() + header.getOffsetWidth(), header.getAbsoluteTop());
            }
        });
    }

    protected void doRefresh() {
        facetManager.searchDateFacet(definition, new Callback<DateFacet>() {
            public void onSuccess(DateFacet result) {
                resetUI(result);
            }
        });
    }

    protected void resetUI(final DateFacet facet) {
        entriesPanel.clear();
        if (facet == null) {
            return;
        }

        header.setEntryCount(facet.getEntries().size());
        for (final FacetEntry entry : facet.getEntries()) {
            String value = entry.getValue();
            value = definition.getGap().getUnit().fixFormat(value);
            final SimpleLinkButton facetEntry = new SimpleLinkButton(value + " (" + entry.getCount() + ")", true);
            facetEntry.setStyleName("FacetEntry");
            facetEntry.addClickHandler(new ClickHandler() {
                public void onClick(ClickEvent event) {
                    handleFacetEntrySelection(entry);
                }
            });
            entriesPanel.add(facetEntry);
            LayoutUtils.addGap(entriesPanel, "1px");
        }
    }

    protected void handleFacetEntrySelection(final FacetEntry entry) {
        SearchContext searchContext = searchManager.getCurrentSearchContext();
        String value = entry.getValue();
        String range = "[" + value + " TO " + value + "+" + definition.getGap().getCount() + definition.getGap().getUnit() + "]";
        QueryContext queryContext = searchContext.getContext(QueryContext.class);
        FieldValueFilter filter = new FieldValueFilter(definition.getId(), definition.getName(), definition.getFieldName(), range);
        filter.setValueDescription(definition.getGap().getUnit().fixFormat(value));
        queryContext.addFieldValueFilter(filter);
        searchManager.reexecuteSearch();
    }

    //================================================= Inner Classes ==================================================

    private class Header extends Composite {

        private Label titleLabel;
        private Label countLabel;

        private MenuPopup popup;

        private Header(String text) {
            titleLabel = new Label(text);
            titleLabel.setStylePrimaryName("TitleLabel");
            countLabel = new Label();
            countLabel.setStylePrimaryName("CountLabel");
            popup = new MenuPopup(true);
            popup.addItem("Refresh", new Command() {
                public void execute() {
                    doRefresh();
                }
            });
            if (!definition.isFixed()) {
                popup.addItem("Edit", new Command() {
                    public void execute() {
                        doEdit();
                    }
                });
            }
            popup.addItem("Remove", new Command() {
                public void execute() {
                    doRemove();
                }
            });

            HorizontalPanel main = new HorizontalPanel();
            main.add(titleLabel);
            main.setCellVerticalAlignment(titleLabel, HorizontalPanel.ALIGN_BOTTOM);
            addGap(main, "3px");
            main.add(countLabel);
            main.setCellVerticalAlignment(countLabel, HorizontalPanel.ALIGN_BOTTOM);

            SimplePanel simplePanel = new SimplePanel();
            simplePanel.setWidget(main);

            initWidget(simplePanel);
            setStylePrimaryName("Header");
            sinkEvents(Event.ONCONTEXTMENU);
        }

        @Override
        public void onBrowserEvent(final Event event) {
            if (event.getTypeInt() != Event.ONCONTEXTMENU) {
                return;
            }
            event.preventDefault();
            popup.setPopupPositionAndShow(new Popup.PositionCallback() {
                public void setPosition(int offsetWidth, int offsetHeight) {
                    popup.setPopupPosition(event.getClientX(), event.getClientY());
                }
            });
        }

        public void setEntryCount(int count) {
            countLabel.setText("(" + count + " Entries)");
        }

    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


H&M continues to build on the momentum built on last month's Versace fall collection with news of another collection to be released for Spring/Summer 2011. This collection does not take cues from the previous collection but rather a collection of classic items in more muted colors. The Versace for H&M Cruise Collection will release January 19th, exclusively online. It must be said however, that this release may only be available to its European followers as the U.S. market will not have an online H&M outlet until the Fall of 2012.


text:
Q: Fixing panda's datareader from yahoo finance with Enthought Canopy pandas' datareader from yahoo finance is not working at the moment because yahoo changed the url pandas used to get the data from, yahoo changed it from 'http://ichart.yahoo.com/table.csv?... to 'http://ichart.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?....
The error I'm getting is
IOError: after 3 tries, Yahoo! did not return a 200 for url '...'
So, I tried editing data.py, according to this fix, but still no go.
I'm using pandas 0.12, with Enthought Canopy.
Do I need to compile something..? is there anything more required?

A: in (assuming that the user is using Enthought Canopy for Windows, and it's stored in the default location):
C:\Users\...\AppData\Local\Enthought\Canopy\System\Lib\site-packages\pandas\io
change yahoo_URL = 'http://ichart.yahoo.com/table.csv?'
to yahoo_URL = 'http://ichart.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?'
Save and restart Canopy

A: Here is a current, working version of using Pandas datareader to fetch yahoo quotes:
from pandas.io.data import DataReader
from datetime import datetime

amd = DataReader('AMD',  'yahoo', datetime(2015,7,1), datetime(2015,7,1))
print(amd['Adj Close'][0])

Keep in mind that the returned dataset is an array. You need to enumerate said array to get the data, either by specifying your index, or with a for loop
The other keys you can use are Open, Close, High, Low, and Volume.
I have Pandas v 0.16.2
I hope this helps!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


You can effect the cost of your mortgage!
For most consumers, the largest single financial transaction of their life will be a mortgage. Unfortunately most borrowers approach the process of shopping for a mortgage with less care and analysis than they would for buying a new vacuum cleaner. This is likely because many folks feel that a mortgage is complex and confusing. Thus they allow lenders to control events.
Choices - Like any consumer product or service, you have choices when you want to secure a mortgage. There is plenty of competition for these large dollar transactions. Don't merely use the company you used last time, or the one recommended by your neighbor. You could save on both interest and costs by shopping around.
Broker - One of your choices is whether to deal directly with a bank or use a broker. Don't assume your best deal is with a bank. While it is certainly possible to get the best deal at a bank, you are far more likely to find the lowest cost offer with a broker. The broker will shop your loan with various lending institutions to find the best deal on the market at that moment in time.
Shopping for Brokers - In today's world, you have much more information to go on than just a few years ago. Don't go with the first broker you hear about. In addition to getting recommendations from friends and family, you can now evaluate online reviews offered by Google, Yelp, YellowPages.com, and others. This is a huge purchase, check out 5 or 10 different brokers before you make a decision.
Credit Repair - Your broker should be able to help you make some decisions about fixing your credit in order to improve your score. Unless your credit score is perfect, don't assume you can't make it better. In some cases, it may be worth spending a little money with a reputable credit repair company in order to improve your score. You may save substantial interest and/or costs for premium mortgage insurance over the life of the loan by increasing your score just a few points.
Lock Your Rate - During the course of your escrow, interest rates will fluctuate, if even just a few basis points. Don't expect to be lucky enough to pick the absolute bottom rate offered while you are in escrow, but do keep track and be willing to spend a little bit of money to lock a rate that could save you a lot of money over the length of the loan. A good broker will help you with this process, but an honest broker will tell you that they are not in the business of guessing the bottom of short term swings in rates.
If you follow these five directions, you are likely to get the best possible deal on your mortgage. One more thought. Take your time and be wise in the entire decision. Don't overspend for the home, take actions based on emotion or pressure, or figure that anyone else involved in the process has your best interests at heart. The broker is the most likely to be invested in your success. He wants a great review on the internet, and he wants you to tell your friends to call him. Moreover, he only gets paid if you complete a deal.


Some days are just like this. Filled with the most unexpected laughter and delight.
The water sparkles and dances. The sun blinks and winks and smiles. The world that felt dead-ended..stretches and expands and grows.
When some doors close..others open.
The leaf that had been a fading shade of ordinary green....transformed itself to glittering gold.


text:
Ucar – gmina w Hiszpanii, w prowincji Nawarra, w Nawarze, o powierzchni 11,85 km². W 2011 roku gmina liczyła 177 mieszkańców.

Przypisy

Gminy w Nawarze


The American people are struggling to unravel the two major political dramas currently unfolding in the political landscape, both with dire connotations. First, there are claims that the Obama administration surveilled President Trump's 2016 campaign — and second that there was communication between the Trump campaign and Russian officials. Both scenarios are fraught with spin by pundits and news media. So much so that the public's ability to ascertain the truth is nearly impossible. Investigations and conflicting accounts are many, ramped up by calculated distractions, bombshells, cover-ups, leaks and the ongoing battle to control the public narrative.
So why are the Democrats willing to risk potentially exposing the dirty laundry of their own party and the previous administration to pin collusion with Russia on the Trump team?
Conservative talk show host Rush Limbaugh had a telling predication for the Democrat party and the news media itself — lovingly referred to as the "Democratic Media Complex" or the "Drive-by Media", among other things.
As these scandals play-out and the truth begins to reveal itself, the Democrats are living on the edge of becoming irrelevant in American politics. A large majority of the population is tired of political games, just take a look at the approval ratings of our elected officials, and they are tired of politicians who manipulate the truth for political expedience.
So by all means stand up to Trump, point out that he's a charlatan and resist his initiatives. Spew your hatred… But remember that social progress means winning over voters in flyover country, and that it's difficult to recruit voters whom you're simultaneously castigating as despicable, bigoted imbeciles.


We care very much that every visit you make to URMIN Foods is better than the last. We would love to hear your thoughts on our website, our products or anything regarding our company, which will be valuable to us. Please fill out the form below.
Gender Select MR. MRS. MISS.


text:
Sea Dart
Sea Dart or GWS30[Note 1] was a British surface-to-air missile system designed by Hawker Siddeley Dynamics in the 1960s, entering service in 1973. It was fitted to the Type 42 destroyers (United Kingdom and Argentina), Type 82 destroyer and Invincible-class aircraft carriers of the Royal Navy.
For the U.S. Navy fighter, see Convair F2Y Sea Dart.
Sea Dart drill missiles on HMS Edinburgh in 2012
Surface-to-air, surface-to-surface
In service
See operators
Falklands War
Gulf 1991
Hawker Siddeley Dynamics
Hawker Siddeley Dynamics (1963–1977)
BAe Dynamics (1977–1999)
MBDA (UK) Ltd (since 1999)
No. built
550 kg (1,210 lb)
4.4 m (14 ft)
0.42 m (17 in)
11 kg (24 lb) HE. Blast-fragmentation
Proximity fuze and contact
Chow solid-fuel booster motor
Bristol Siddeley Odin ramjet cruise motor
0.9 m (3.0 ft)
Mod 0 (basic) 40 nmi (46 mi; 74 km)
Mod 2 (upgrade) 80 nmi (92 mi; 150 km)
Flight ceiling
18,300 m (60,000 ft)[1]
Mach 3.0+[2]
Semi-active radar illuminated by radar Type 909
The missile system had eight confirmed successful engagements in combat, including six aircraft, a helicopter and an anti-ship missile. An additional helicopter was shot down in a 'friendly fire' incident during the Falklands War.
Originally Hawker Siddeley, the missile was built by British Aerospace after 1977, and was withdrawn from service in 2012.
Sea Dart began as Hawker Siddeley project "CF.299", a weapon to replace the Royal Navy's first-generation long-range surface-to-air missile, Seaslug. It entered service in 1973 on the sole Type 82 destroyer HMS Bristol before widespread deployment on the Type 42 destroyer commencing with HMS Sheffield in 1976. The missile system was also fitted to Invincible-class aircraft carriers but was removed during refits in the 1998-2000 period to increase the area of the flight deck and below-decks stowage associated with the operation of Royal Air Force Harrier GR9 aircraft.
Sea Dart is a two-stage, 4.4-metre (14 ft) long missile weighing 550 kilograms (1,210 lb). It is launched using a drop-off Chow solid-fuel booster that accelerates it to the supersonic speed necessary for the operation of the cruise motor, a Rolls-Royce [Bristol Siddeley] kerosene-fuelled Odin ramjet. This gives a cruise speed of over Mach 2.5, and unlike many rocket-powered designs,the cruise engine burns for the entire flight, giving excellent terminal manoeuvrability at extreme range. It is capable of engaging targets out to at least 30 nautical miles (35 mi; 56 km) over a wide range of altitudes. It has a secondary capability against small surface vessels, tested against a Brave-class patrol boat, although in surface mode the warhead safety arming unit does not arm and thus damage inflicted is restricted to the physical impact of the half-ton missile body and the unspent proportion of the 46 litres (10 imp gal; 12 US gal) of kerosene fuel.
Guidance is by proportional navigation and a semi-active radar homing system using the nose intake cone and four aerials around the intake as an interferometer aerial, with targets being identified by a Type 1022 surveillance radar (originally radar Type 965) and illuminated by one of a pair of radar Type 909. This allows two targets to be engaged simultaneously in initial versions, with later variants (see below) able to engage more. Firing is from a twin-arm trainable launcher that is loaded automatically from below decks. The original launcher seen on the Bristol was significantly larger than that which appeared on the Type 42 and Invincible classes. Initial difficulties with launcher reliability have been resolved.
Combat service
Sea Dart was used during the Falklands War (1982) and is credited with seven confirmed kills (plus one British Aérospatiale Gazelle helicopter downed by friendly fire). Kills were made against a high-flying aircraft beyond the missile's stated technical envelope and low-flying attack aircraft.
The net effect of Sea Dart was to deny the higher altitudes to enemy aircraft. This was important because Argentine aircraft such as the Mirage III had better straight line performance than the Sea Harriers, which were unlikely to successfully intercept them.
The first Sea Dart kill was an Aérospatiale Puma, on 9 May 1982 near Stanley by HMS Coventry, with the loss of the three men aboard.
On 25 May 1982 an A-4C Skyhawk of Grupo 5 was shot down north of Pebble Island again by Coventry. The pilot, Capitán Hugo Angel del Valle Palaver was killed. Later, Coventry shot down another Skyhawk of Grupo 4 while it was returning from a mission to San Carlos Water. Capitán Jorge Osvaldo García successfully ejected but was not recovered. The next Argentine action that day sank Coventry. An unguided Sea Dart was launched in an effort to disrupt the attack but missed, and the destroyer was struck by two iron bombs and sank.
The same day a Super Étendard strike fighter sought to attack the British carrier group with Exocet missiles, but instead struck the cargo ship MV Atlantic Conveyor. Invincible fired six Sea Darts in less than two minutes, but all missed.
On 30 May 1982, during the last Exocet air attacks against the British fleet HMS Exeter shot down two Skyhawks (out of four attackers), despite them flying only 10–15 metres (33–49 ft) above the sea (theoretically below Sea Dart's minimum engagement altitude of 30 metres (98 ft)). On 6 June Exeter downed a Learjet 35A being used for reconnaissance at 12,000 metres (39,000 ft) altitude.
On 6 June 1982, Cardiff fired a Sea Dart missile at an aircraft believed to be an Argentine C-130 Hercules. The missile destroyed the aircraft, which was in fact a British Army helicopter. All four occupants were killed in this "friendly-fire" incident.
Finally, on 13 June 1982, a Canberra Mk.62 was flying at 12,000 metres (39,000 ft). While it was en route to bomb British troops near Port Harriet House, it was destroyed by a Sea Dart fired from Cardiff.[3]
In total at least eighteen missiles were launched by Type 42 destroyers, six by Invincible, and two by Bristol. Out of five missiles fired against helicopters or high flying aircraft, four were successful, but only two of nineteen fired at low level aircraft hit: just eleven percent; however a number of missiles were fired without guidance to deter low level attacks. Exeter's success can be partially attributed to being equipped with the Type 1022 radar, which was designed for the system and provided greater capability than the old Type 965 fitted to the earlier Type 42s.[4][5] The Type 965 was unable to cope with low level targets as it suffered multiple path crossings and targets became lost in radar clutter from the surface of the South Atlantic. This resulted in Sea Dart being unable to lock onto targets at distance obscured by land, or fast-moving low-level targets obscured in ground clutter or sea-returns.
The Argentine Navy was well aware of the Sea Dart's capabilities and limitations, having two Type 42s of its own. Consequently, Argentine planes, opting to fly below the Type 965 radar ("sea skimming"), frequently dropped bombs which failed to explode. The arming vane on the bomb had insufficient time to complete the number of revolutions required to arm the fuze, causing the fuze to remain in safe mode and not function on impact.
In February 1991 during the Persian Gulf War the US battleship Missouri, escorted by HMS London (UK Flagship) plus Gloucester (carrying Sea Dart) and USS Jarrett (equipped with Phalanx CIWS), was engaged by an Iraqi Silkworm missile. The missile was intercepted and destroyed by a Sea Dart fired from Gloucester, the first time an anti-air missile had successfully engaged and destroyed an enemy missile during combat at sea. During the same engagement, Jarrett's Phalanx 20 mm CIWS was placed in autoengagement mode and targeted chaff launched by Missouri rather than the incoming missile.[6][7]
The Sea Dart was upgraded over the years - notably its electronics - as technology advanced. The following modification standards have been fielded:
Mod 0 — Basic 1960s version, used in the Falklands. valve technology. Range circa 40 nmi (46 mi; 74 km).
Mod 1 — Improved Sea Dart. Upgraded version 1983-1986. Updated guidance systems possibly allowing some capability against sea-skimming targets and much greater reliability.
Mod 2 — 1989-1991. Upgrade included ADIMP (Air Defence IMProvement) which saw the replacement of six old circuit cards in the guidance system with one, allowing the spare volume to be used for an autopilot. Used alongside a command datalink (sited on the Type 909 pedestal) it allows several missiles to be 'in the air' at once, re-targeted during flight etc. and allows an initial ballistic trajectory, doubling range to 80 nmi (92 mi; 150 km) with the upgraded 909(I) radar for terminal illumination only.
Mod 3 — Latest version with new infrared fuze. Delayed eight years from 1994 to 2002.
The Sea Dart Mark 2, GWS 31, (also known as Sea Dart II - not to be confused with Mod 2, above) development was cancelled in 1981. This was intended to allow 'off the rail' manoeuvres with additional controls added to the booster. The Mark 2 was reduced to Advanced Sea Dart, then Enhanced Sea Dart and finally Improved Sea Dart.
Lightweight Sea Dart was a version with minimal changes to the missile itself, but based in a new sealed box-launcher. A four-box trainable launcher was developed that allowed it to be mounted to ships as small as 300 tons displacement. The same box and launcher could also support the Sea Eagle SL, the proposed ship-launched version of Sea Eagle. Guardian was a proposed land-based system of radars, control stations and the Lightweight Sea Dart proposed in the 1980s for use as a land-based air defence system for the Falkland Islands. Neither system was put into production.[8]
The Sea Dart equipped Type 42s reached the end of their service lives, with all vessels already retired. They were replaced by the larger Type 45 which are armed with the Sea Viper missile system. Sea Viper is much more capable in the anti-air role but has no anti-surface capability. The first-of-class began sea trials in July 2007 and Daring entered service in 2009.[9]
On 13 April 2012 HMS Edinburgh fired the last ever operational Sea Dart missiles after a thirty-year career. The last two remaining Type 42s, York and Edinburgh completed their careers without the system being operational.[10]
A launcher with drill missiles has been preserved and is on display at Explosion! Museum of Naval Firepower, Gosport, Hampshire.
Former operators
Argentine Navy: Purchased 60 missiles for their two Type 42 destroyers but retired them in 1987 due to lack of spares.
GWS stands for guided weapon system
In Combat, page 229, 1991
"Canberras of the Grupo 2 de Bombardeo: The Falklands Conflict". Retrieved 2010-02-01.
"Type 42 Sheffield Class Guided Missile Destroyer". Globalsecurity.org.
"The British Aerospace Sea Dart missile". Wingweb. Archived from the original on 2008-10-04.
Lewis Page (27 November 2007). "New BAE destroyer launches today on the Clyde". The Register. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
Bernard Rostker (19 September 2000). "TAB H -- Friendly-fire Incidents". United States Department of Defense. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
"Sea Dart loses weight". Flight International. 26 February 1983.
"HMS Daring sets sail for trials". BBC. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2007-07-19.
"HMS Edinburgh Fires Final Sea Dart Missiles". Retrieved 2012-05-20.
Britain's Modern Royal Navy, Paul Beaver, Patrick Stephens Limited, 1996 ISBN 1-85260-442-5
Naval Armament, Doug Richardson, Jane's Publishing, 1981, ISBN 0-531-03738-X
War Machines enciclopedy, Limited publishing, 1984 page 866 (Italian version printed by De Agostini) and page 1260-1268
Enciclopedy War Machines, 1265–70 and 864-65 (Italian edition)
Guided missiles of the United Kingdom
Air-to-air
ASRAAM
Fireflash
Firestreak
Red Dean
Red Top
SRAAM/Taildog
Skyflash
Air-to-surface
Martel1
Martlet
Sea Skua
Storm Shadow1
Sea Venom1
SPEAR 3
Surface-to-air
CAMM
Seaslug
Sea Viper
Starstreak
Surface-to-surface
Malkara2
UB.109T
Green Cheese
1 Anglo-French 2 Anglo-Australian


When Falcon 9 was on its way to ascend, flames appeared around the bottom of the booster. What are they?
I think that is exhaust gas recirculation. Exhaust products gather in the low-pressure area around the base of the rocket.
Their flames are long and narrow, and not visible when all engines are running. In a video of a landing stage, you can see the gas generator exhaust flame.
That is the exhaust of the gas generator. This is basically an engine that burns the same fuel/oxidizer to turn the turbo pump that makes sure enough fuel/oxidizer gets fed to the engine.
What flame is SpaceX's Hans Koenigsmann describing in his presentation?
Was the side booster footage from the same camera during the Falcon Heavy test flight stream?


Small mobile cabins or small portable cabins are small houses on trailer that are able to move according to your wants. You can go anywhere with the small mobile cabins without worry about the lodging in the nights and about the transportation. The small mobile cabins usually consist of a small sized living room, small kitchen area, small bathroom, and a small sized bedroom.
You can get these small mobile cabins by buy in the nearest dealer in your district. The materials that are used to build the small mobile cabins usually are woods or steels. You can make the small mobile cabins by your self, using the woods materials. About the decoration of the small mobile can=bins, you can choose the multi purpose appliances, such as the bunk bed, you can exploit it as a sofa in the days, and sleep on there as a bed in the nights. You will get extra bedroom with the help of the bunk bed inside your small mobile cabins.
Another way to decorate your small mobile cabins is use the curtains to separate every 'rooms'. You can pick a variety of curtains' styles and designs to separate the each room inside your small mobile cabins. Choose the transparent curtains to make your small mobile cabins looks wider and freer. You can put a queen bed in the loft of your small mobile cabins, so you will get extra spaces on your small mobile cabins, it also possibly you to have two bedroom areas in your small mobile cabins.
You can bring this small mobile cabin to travelling, or you also can place it in your back yard. Your kids / teenagers will be very glad to stay inside the small mobile cabins as their private room. So, don't be hesitating to buy the small mobile cabins for your family.
Posted by Cons at Monday, July 30, 2012 06:26:16 AM. Category: House.
This Stay Alive Inside Small Mobile Cabins is being categorized within multi purpose field and portable cabins niche and small mobile cabins matter and small houses area of interest and private room idea .


Turns out, a full day of hiking in the Scottish mountains tires a Ben out. I slept in late today… felt kind of bad about it, to be honest… but everyone was pleasant and happy, so I didn't feel too bad for too long.
The goal for today: See the North Sea again, at the mouth of the river Dawn. It's an excellent place for bird watching, from what Bill said, but also an excellent little beach to stroll along, and see some of the interesting ruins along the water. I even found some gloriously well polished sea glass, some of which got taken back with us to Oregon as captured prizes from the old world.
Lessons were learned as well, when Henry decided to make his fancy salmon dish and needed some assistance in julienning the veggies. I honestly didn't even know what that meant at first… now I know it means "spend a ton of time, and get bored trying to cut things really super small".
I have to admit though, the results were excellent. We all sat down in the main dining room, and partook of an excellent array of food, drink, and conversation. I really enjoyed this aspect of the whole trip… I'd never met Henry or Leah before, and had only really spent one or two days at a time with Bill and Greta. Being able to regularly share dinners was a treat, and something that I very much look forward to doing again in the future.
We ate, we drank, we talked all about what everyone was up to in the new year, and tried our best to ignore the fact that we were all (with the exception of our hosts, of course) flying out the next day.


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Blake's baseball stats have been updated for the loss vs. Homestead.
Blake has been added to the Fort Wayne North Side baseball roster.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Saturday's neutral playoff game against Homestead (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 13-3.
This game is part of the "2017-18 IHSAA Class 4A Baseball State Tournament - S6 | Huntington North".
Blake's baseball stats have been updated for the loss vs. East Noble.
RESULTLoss Varsity baseball vs. East Noble.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Saturday's home non-conference game against East Noble (Kendallville, IN) by a score of 15-8.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Saturday's home non-conference game against East Noble (Kendallville, IN) by a score of 6-3.
RESULTLoss Varsity baseball vs. FWBL.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Thursday's home conference game against Fort Wayne Bishop Luers (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 11-1.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Wednesday's home conference game against Fort Wayne Wayne (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 16-4.
RESULTLoss Varsity baseball @ FWBL.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Tuesday's away conference game against Fort Wayne Bishop Luers (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 15-2.
RESULTLoss Varsity baseball @ Fort Wayne Wayne.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Monday's away conference game against Fort Wayne Wayne (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 13-0.
RESULTWin Varsity baseball @ FWCHS.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team won Saturday's away non-conference game against Fort Wayne Canterbury (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 7-2.
Blake's baseball stats have been updated for the loss @ Fort Wayne Blackhawk Christian.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Friday's away non-conference game against Fort Wayne Blackhawk Christian (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 5-1.
Blake's baseball stats have been updated for the loss @ Fort Wayne Concordia Lutheran.
RESULTLoss Varsity baseball @ FWCL.
The Fort Wayne North Side varsity baseball team lost Thursday's away conference game against Fort Wayne Concordia Lutheran (Fort Wayne, IN) by a score of 5-1.


text:
Working On a Dream - Bruce Springsteen (Album) [CD]
Working On a Dream - Bruc...e Springsteen (Album) [CD]
RRP £10.99 £7.99
Would you like to be contacted when this product is available again?
Sold Out - Sorry! This product is currently out of stock
16th studio album from the American singer-songwriter, recorded with The E Street Band. The album includes the bonus track 'The Wrestler', written for the film of the same name.
1. Outlaw Pete - Bruce Springsteen (8)
2. My Lucky Day - Bruce Springsteen (4.01)
3. Working On a Dream - Bruce Springsteen (3.3)
4. Queen of the Supermarket - Bruce Springsteen (4.4)
5. What Love Can Do - Bruce Springsteen (2.57)
6. This Life - Bruce Springsteen (4.3)
7. Good Eye - Bruce Springsteen (3.01)
8. Tomorrow Never Knows - Bruce Springsteen (2.14)
9. Life Itself - Bruce Springsteen (4)
10. Kingdom of Days - Bruce Springsteen (4.02)
11. Surprise, Surprise - Bruce Springsteen (3.24)
12. The Last Carnival - Bruce Springsteen (3.11)
13. The Wrestler (Bonus Track) - Bruce Springsteen (3.5)
Catalogue No 88697413552


text:
Expert defends pope's controversial wedding celebration
Couples were cohabiting or had past marriages annulled
File picture: giulio napolitano/Shutterstock.com
By Global Pulse staff | Vatican City
A prominent theologian has stepped forward to defend Pope Francis' celebration of marriage for 20 Catholic couples in Rome on September 14.
The celebration caused widespread comment and some criticism as it was reported that the couples included a single mother, a man who had a previous marriage annulled and a number of cohabiting partners.
Professor John Grabowski of the Catholic University of America rejected suggestions that the event undermined Church teaching.
"What he wants to do is simply put the Church's focus on mercy, on an encounter with Christ as the heart of its life," Grabowski told a reporter.
Referring to the cohabiting couples, he said that their marriage in Church is "not a validation of cohabitation" but "a removal of cohabitation" and that priests who have refused to honor such marriages in the past have been corrected by their bishops.
"We don't want to impinge or impede the freedom of the baptized to marry and to move out of what is an objective state of sin," he said.
UN slams new Australia-Cambodia refugee deal
Chinese Christianity: the threat and the opportunity
Who exactly are today's Catholics?
Sweden election results in deadlock
Expectations weigh heavily on upcoming family synod
Governance, authoritarianism, the Rupnik affair: Pope Francis responds to criticism
Pope calls for more "heart", in his message for World Communications Day
Spanish Jesuit who defended Bolivia's native people, has died
Christianity growing fastest in Africa; ecumenism not so much


text:
York-Adams golfers earn top-10 finishes at PIAA state golf tournament at Heritage Hills
ELIJAH ARMOLD
York Dispatch
Central York's Joe Parrini finished tied for fifth in the PIAA Class 3-A boys' golf tournament.
Susquehannock's Kendel Abrams finished sixth in the 3-A girls' field.
Eastern York's Alexandra Lowder took 10th in the 2-A girls' division.
Central York's Julianne Lee was tied for 11th in the girls' Class 3-A division.
While Joe Parrini's round during the second day of the PIAA Individual Golf Championships brought a certain level of satisfaction, it wasn't quite enough for him to reach his ultimate objective.
The Central York senior was one of only two participants to submit an under-par scorecard Tuesday at Heritage Hills Golf Resort, carding a 2-under 69. That score, however, still left him short of his main goal for his last year of high school play.
Parrini posted a first-day score of 77 for a total of 146 and finished in a tie for fifth-place in the boys' Class 3-A field.
"Going into the season, my only goal as an individual is to win states. And, obviously, I fell short of that," Parrini said. "But, you know, I went out fighting today. Looking back on it all, no complaints."
Holy Ghost Prep's Liam Hart was steady on his way to winning the 3-A title, carding a 1-over 72 Monday and a level-par 71 Tuesday for his victorious 143 total.
In all, four York-Adams golfers participated in the state event, and three of them, including Parrini, earned top-10 finishes. Susquehannock's Kendel Abrams was sixth in 3-A girls and Eastern York's Alexandra Lowder was 10th in 2-A girls. One other area golfer, Central York's Julianne Lee, just missed a top-10 effort, tying for 11th in 3-A girls.
After a bogey start on his first hole of the day, the par-4 10th, Parrini got right to work by notching birdies on three of his next six holes on his way to a first-nine 34.
After making the turn, Parrini again went low with a birdie on the par-4 first hole, moving him to 2-under.
The University of Arizona recruit utilized his length off tee to birdie the par-4 fourth hole, his 13th of the day. Parrini's drive ended up just short of the green and he proceeded to chip to about seven feet before moving to 3-under.
"I hit the ball solid both days," Parrini said. "But, really, today I just tightened up my tee shots a little bit and hit more fairways and rolled it on the greens a little better."
Parrini would give two shots back during his next two holes before again taking advantage of his tee-shot prowess. On his next hole, the par-5 seventh, Parrini was able to get home in two and two putt for birdie.
A well-done up-and-down par save on the next hole, followed by a classic two-putt par on his closing hole saw Parrini preserve his 2-under total.
The only other golfer to go under par Tuesday was Central Catholic's Neal Shipley, who recorded a 3-under 68 to finish in fifth-place tie with Parrini and two other players.
Tulpehocken's Chase Miller was the champion in boys' 2-A at 147. The York-Adams League did not field any competitors in that division.
Unfinished business: While individual play has come to a close for Parrini, there's still one round left to be played as a representative of Central York.
The Panthers will compete in the 3-A team event Wednesday at Heritage Hills.
The District 3 champion Panthers' chief competition will likely come from District 7 champion Central Catholic. The Vikings had two individuals in the top five in Shipley and Day 1 leader Jimmy Myers, who finished fourth at 145.
"My time with my teammates," Parrini said of what he'll eventually miss most about high school golf. "I've had good teams every single year, whether it was at York Catholic (where Parrini played his freshman year) or Central. Just those guys and the memories we made, that's what I'll remember."
Abrams shows steady career improvement: Abrams also fell short of a personal goal Tuesday, but was pleased by her ability to improve every year from her freshman season forward.
Abrams bettered a Monday round of 79 by shaving two strokes Tuesday for a 77. Her two-day total of 156 saw her finish sixth in the girls' 3-A field.
"How I handled each year differently," Abrams said of what she was proudest of from her career. "My freshman year, I don't know, I was pretty immature and I don't really think my practice was enough.
"Missing the cut for districts my freshman and sophomore years definitely motivated me to make it to regionals my junior year. And then missing the cut at regionals my junior year definitely motivated me to make it to states this year."
The highlight of Abrams' performance Tuesday was back-to-back birdies on her closing holes, which vaulted her up the leader board.
Her first birdie came on the par-4 17th hole. After a lengthy drive, Abrams was able to place a nice 52-degree wedge into the front-left part of the green. She would then go on to hole the birdie try from about 20 feet.
She followed that up by one-putting the par-5 18th for a solid close to her Susquehannock career.
"Well, my expectations were a lot higher than what I was playing," she said."But overall it was definitely a better day than yesterday. Up-and-down round, finished strong with two birdies, overall a good day."
As her career came to a close, Abrams expressed appreciation to her fellow Warriors for helping her reach her goals.
"It was a pretty good season," Abrams said. "My team definitely helped make it good, I knew coming in I definitely wanted to win the division and they definitely helped with that. And then, coming into the postseason, just getting into states was my goal."
Pine Richland's Lauren Freyvogel had a total of 147 to win the title in girls' 3A.
Other Y-A finishers: Lee saw her high school individual career come to a close with an 11th-place tie in 3-A girls with a two-day total of 168. Lee bettered her Monday total of 85 by scoring an 83 Tuesday.
Lowder finished 10th in girls' 2-A after carding an 88 Tuesday for a two-day total of 173.
CW North Catholic's Maddie Smithco was crowned the girls' 2-A champ after defeating Rockwood's Vileska Gelpi in a playoff. The pair shot matching 74s Tuesday.
Reach Elijah Armold at earmold@yorkdispatch.com.


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R.I.P. – In Memory of Gap's New Logo
By Joe Webster
Last Monday Gap unveiled an updated version of its company logo. Exactly one week later, Marka Hansen, President of Gap Brand North America announced the abandonment of the new logo and the triumphant return of the original iconic blue box design. Barely out of the gate and the new logo was squashed. So what happened in the last seven days that compelled Gap to abruptly change its mind? In large part, an extraordinary level of social media backlash.
On October 4th Gap revealed its new logo on Gap.com. According to company spokesperson Louise Callagy, the logo was intended to signify the Gap's transition from "classic, American design to modern, sexy, cool." However, customers, fans, and designers interpreted the logo as none of the above. Rather, the general response was one of harsh criticism and disapproval. For instance, fashion boutique, Refinery 29, compared the logo to "that awkward cap-sleeved tee with the rhinestone letters you find while thrift shopping that's neither vintage nor new, but definitely not cool." But the fashion experts would be the least of Gap's worries. Waves of upset fans expressed their disdain on Twitter and one especially disgruntled fan gave birth to the satirical Gap Logo Twitter account. As you can imagine, the results were not pretty.
On October 6th, in an attempt to stem the flow of negative feedback, Gap encouraged Facebook users to submit their own logo design ideas as potential replacements. However, this crowdsourcing initiative was quickly terminated after Facebook users posted over 1000 comments in response to the project, the majority of them negative. Yesterday, Gap's Facebook page read "Ok. We've heard loud and clear that you don't like the new logo. We've learned a lot from the feedback. We only want what's best for the brand and our customers. So instead of crowd sourcing, we're bringing back the Blue Box tonight."
Score: Gap supporters 1, Gap zero. Although Gap's final decision cannot be completely attributed to fans' social media activism, it undeniably played an integral role. Gap customers spoke and Gap listened. Gap had no choice, but to listen. By developing a Twitter and Facebook presence and delving in to the world of social media marketing, Gap made a conscious decision to partake in the two-way-street known as social engagement. Engagement is what they wanted and engagement is what they got (in this case, more than they bargained for). But this is the beauty of social media. The average consumer can voice their opinion and be heard.
Although Gap's plans for the new logo have ultimately been thwarted, in the end, Gap will be better for it. In Monday's press release President Hansen asserted that "At Gap brand, our customers have always come first" and it's clear that she meant it.
Standing Out From the Crowd – Owned Images In Search
By Aybars Gungor
The way people think and process information is changing. Now more than ever, photos and videos—rather than newspapers and books—are the world's preferred methods of communication. Humans process information visually, and in today's fast-paced world you have about 50 milliseconds to gain your audience's attention and trust. The best tool for the job? Striking photographs…
How AI is Reshaping Digital Marketing
Artificial Intelligence design studios are opening everywhere, adding to our marketing technology stack choices. Many platforms have already integrated components of AI into their existing marketing system offerings. Clients need to transform digitally, squared Today, clients are asking digital marketing and advertising agencies like Overdrive to embrace more technological change, as their marketing tech stacks grow…
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Martin Antoine Del Rio o Martín Antonio del Río o Delrío y López de Villanueva (Amberes, 17 de mayo de 1551-Lovaina,  19 de octubre de 1608) fue un filólogo, historiador, humanista, jurisconsulto y teólogo jesuita que usó a veces los nombres anagramáticos de Rolandus Mirteus Onatinus, Rolandus Natin Onatinus, Rolando Natin Miriteo, Orlando Nano de Miriteo y Liberio Sanga Verino.

Biografía

Nacido en Flandes, descendía de una familia de juristas españoles en la que había a la vez antecedentes montañeses de Cantabria y judíos (mercaderes de lana de Burgos, pero establecidos en Brujas y luego en Amberes). Además era primo segundo por el lado materno del famoso ensayista francés Michel de Montaigne. Su padre, Antonio, compró en 1557 el señorío de Cleydael cerca de Aartselaar, en cuyo castillo instaló una biblioteca de más de mil volúmenes, y se casó en 1549 con Eleanora López, hija del riquísimo comerciante español Martín López.

Esta familia y sus abundantes ramificaciones eran uno de los pilares del poder español en los Países Bajos: suministraba funcionarios leales a Felipe II, muy diestros y conocedores del país; Margarita de Parma y el duque de Alba, entre otros, se albergaron en la casa paterna; su tío Luis Delrío fue nombrado juez del Consejo de Tumultos instituido por el duque de Alba para castigar a los rebeldes y en 1573 formó parte del Consejo privado; en ese mismo año, el padre de Martín Antonio fue nombrado tesorero general de confiscaciones. El propio Martín Antonio fue nombrado consejero de la Cancillería de Brabante en 1575 y, de vuelta a Flandes, sirvió como auditor general y desde 1577 como vicecanciller de Brabante al nuevo gobernador general Juan de Austria. Como es natural, su familia era la diana de todos los odios de los rebeldes calvinistas en concreto y de los protestantes en general. Al final, tuvieron que sufrir las represalias: cuando ya concluía el año de 1576 los rebeldes saquearon el castillo de Cleydael y quemaron la mitad de la biblioteca; en 1578 apresaron al padre y al tío paterno de Martín Antonio y, aunque ambos fueron libertados por don Juan de Austria; Antonio tuvo que huir a Portugal y su hermano Luis murió poco después en Tienen; Martín Antonio además tuvo que abandonar los Países Bajos tras el fallecimiento de su protector Juan de Austria.

Tal vez por ello Antonio Martín se entregó a las letras e ingresó en Valladolid en la Compañía de Jesús el 9 de mayo de 1580. Había estudiado latín y griego en el colegio jesuita de Lier y se benefició de la abundante biblioteca paterna; en 1563, con solo doce años, su padre lo había inscrito en la universidad de Lovaina, donde luego estudió Filosofía, Ética, Derecho, hebreo y caldeo además en París, Douai y Salamanca, donde se doctoró en ambos derechos, civil y canónico (in utriusque iure) en 1574. Desde muy pronto destacó en filología, llegando a hablar y traducir nueve lenguas (latín, griego, hebreo, caldeo, neerlandés, español, francés, alemán e italiano), por lo que estudiará y editará clásicos latinos (hizo una edición crítica de Claudiano, otras de Solino, Ennio y los epítomes de Tito Livio, y la edición crítica de las tragedias de Séneca, el trabajo del que más orgulloso estaba). En el curso de estos trabajos humanísticos trató y se carteó con numerosos eruditos, como André Schott, Willem Canter y Justo Lipsio.

Cuando concluyó cuatro años de su noviciado, resolvió volver a Flandes como misionero y para terminar sus estudios en Teología; en 1584 se ha documentado que pasó dos años en Burdeos, donde es posible que visitara a su alcalde y primo segundo, el pensador Michel de Montaigne. En 1585, caída Amberes, ya estaba en Flandes y completó sus estudios teológicos en Lovaina y Maguncia. Luego enseñó Teología en Douai y Lieja. Fue ordenado sacerdote en 1589, en Lovaina. En sus escritos atacó cada vez más la filosofía del neoestoicismo y desempeñó un papel importante en la conversión al catolicismo de Justo Lipsio y su vuelta a Lovaina en 1591; en 1597 se trasladó a la recién erigida Universidad de Graz (Austria), donde obtuvo el título de doctor en Teología. Los años siguientes los pasó en Lovaina, hasta que en 1602, al morir su madre, volvió a España, donde desde 1603 enseñó Sagradas Escrituras en la Universidad de Salamanca. Su postura teológica era conservadora, pero pese a todo despertó los recelos de sus compañeros y la Inquisición, aunque nunca se construyó una acusación firme contra él. De frágil salud durante toda su vida, sus achaques terminaron cuando en 1608 enfermó en un viaje a Bruselas y falleció cuando ya estaba en Lovaina, el 19 de octubre de ese mismo año.

Julio Caro Baroja divide su abundante obra bajo los epígrafes de filología clásica, escriturística, hagiografía, historia, derecho y, en capítulo autónomo, la más famosa de sus obras, Disquisitionum magicarum libri sex, un trabajo sobre magia, brujería y ocultismo publicado el año de su muerte. Esta obra, publicada por primera vez en tres partes entre 1599 y 1600, fue reimpresa al menos 20 veces, convirtiéndose en uno de los libros más conocidos sobre la brujería. Fue editada por última vez en 1755 en Colonia, cuando la caza de brujas había cesado por completo. En las Disquisitionum, Del Río traza una conexión entre brujas y herejes. El libro fue popular tanto entre católicos como entre protestantes, y fue uno de los libros usados en la famosa caza de brujas de Salem, en 1692.

Caro Baroja lo considera uno de los principales tratadistas que contribuyeron a la definición del delito de brujería. En su Disquisitionimum magicarum libri sex, según Julio Caro Baroja, "da una versión del Sabbat, tomando elementos de aquí y allá, citando ora a Nicolas Rémy, ora a Peter Binsfield mismo, ora a los inquisidores antiguos franceses e italianos, etc.". La fama de su libro es comparable al del milanés Francesco Maria Guazzo Compendium maleficarum.

Aparte de las citadas ediciones de clásicos latinos, comentó el Cantar de los Cantares, los Trenos o Lamentaciones del profeta Jeremías y el Génesis, tres importantes libros de la Biblia, reunió una serie de adagios extraídos del Viejo y del Nuevo Testamento, escribió obras de mariología, una biografía de san Aldhelmo, una edición (Amberes, 1600) del primer libro del Commonitorium, un poema en dísticos elegíacos del siglo V atribuido a San Orencio de Auch, presuntamente español, cuyo manuscrito de referencia se ha perdido, y dos obras jurídicas: un estudio sobre la justicia distributiva y otro sobre la transmisión del Digesto y las Instituta. Como historiador, escribió en latín unos Comentarios de las alteraciones de los Estados de Flandes... tras la llegada de Juan de Austria, materia en la que tenía una opinión directa y bien definida y, por supuesto, contrarreformista, que fueron enseguida traducidos al español en 1601; después aparecieron otras obras suyas, también sobre este tema. Aparte hay que citar un par de obras polémicas contra Joseph Justus Scaliger.

Su amigo, el humanista flamenco Justo Lipsio, lo llamó "miraculum nostri aevi / maravilla de nuestro siglo". Pero su contemporáneo y enemigo, Joseph Justus Scaliger, hijo del humanista al que había convertido, escribió: Delrio au prix de moy ne sçait rien... Il est ignorant, ne fait qu'amasser. / Delrío, a mi juicio, no sabe nada... Es ignorante, no hace más que amontonar. La posteridad no fue tan generosa, en línea con la llamada leyenda negra. Para Voltaire, del Río fue el "procurador general de Belcebú". Para los autores decimonónicos de la Biografía Nacional de Bélgica, antología de biografías cortas, del Río era una especie de vergüenza. Algunos historiadores modernos, en especial Robert Muchembled, lo acusaron de ser la principal causa de las cazas de brujas en los Países Bajos meridionales. Muchos historiadores, sin embargo, han notado en del Río una relativa moderación en la cuestión de la Brujería.

Obras
Cl. Claudianus, Theod. Pulmanni Cranenburgii diligentia et fide summa, e vetustis codicibus restitutus, Antwerp, Officina Plantiniana, 1571
Ad Cl. Claudiani V. C. Opera Martín Antonii del Rio Notae, Amberes, Officina Plantiniana, 1572
C. Ivlii Solini Polyhistor, à Martino-Antonio Delrio emendatvs, Antwerp, Officina Plantiniana, 1572
In L. Annaei Senecae Cordubensis poetae gravissimi Tragoedias decem, Antwerp, Officina Plantiniana, 1576
Ex miscellaneorum scriptoribus digestorum, codicis et institutionum juris civilis interpretatio collecta, Paris, Michael Sonnius, 1580
Syntagma Tragoediae Latinae in tres partes distinctum, Antwerp, Officina Plantiniana, 1593-1595
Florida Mariana, sive de laudibus sacratissimae Virginis Deiparae panegyrici XIII., Amberes, Officina Plantiniana, 1598
Disquisitionum magicarum libri VI, Louvain, Gerardus Rivius, 1599-1600
Sancti Orientii Episcopi Illiberritani Commonitorium, Antwerp, Joaquim Trognaesius, 1600
Sanct Aldhelmi, Prisco Occidentalium Saxonum Episcopi, Mainz, Joannes Albinus, 1601
Rolandi Myrtei Onatini I.C. Commentarii de tumulto belgico ab advente Joiannis Austriaci (inéd.)
Comentarios de las alteraciones de los Estados de Flandes, sucedidas después de la llegada del señor don Iuan de Austria a ellos, hasta su muerte, trad. del lat. por R. de Medina y Marzilla, Madrid, en casa de Pedro Madrigal, 1601
In Canticum Canticorum Salomonis commentarius litteralis et catena mystica, Lugdvni, Adam Sartorius, 1604
Epitome decadum XIV Titi Livii, Lugduni, Horatius Cardon, 1606
Opus Marianum, Lugduni, Horatius Cardon, 1607
Vindiciae Areopagiticae contra Iosephum Scaligerum Iulii filium, Antverpiae, Officina Plantiniana, 1607
Commentarius litteralis in Threnos, Lugduni, sumptibus Horatius Cardon, 1608
Pharus sacrae Sapientiae, seu commentarii et glossae litterales in Genesim, Lugduni, Horatius Cardon, 1608
Peniculus furiarum elenchi scaligeriani pro societate Jesu, Maldonato et Delrio, auctore Liberio Sanga Verino, Antverpiae, Haeredes Matthianus, 1609
Rolandi Mirtei Onatini Commentarius rerum in Belgio gestarum à Petro Henriquez Azevedo, comite de Fuentes, Matriti, ex typographia regia, 1610
Historia Belgica sive Commentarius brevis rerum Belgio gestarum sub tribus eiusdem Gobernatoribus, comité Mansfeltio, Sereníssimo Archiduce Ernesto, etc., Coloniae, Joannes Kinckius, 1611
Adagialia sacra Veteris et Novi Testamenti, Lungduni, Horatius Cardon, 1612
De Iure et Iustitia Distributiva, Matriti, 1617
Q. Ennii poetae vetustissimi fragmenta qua supersunt, Amstelodami, Ex officina Wetsteniana, 1707
Mémoires de Martin Antoine del Rio sur les troubles des Pays-Bas durant l'administration de Don Juan d'Autriche, 1576-1578, ed. A. Delvigne, Bruxelles, Société de l'histoire de Belgique, 1869-1871
La magia demoniaca. Libro II de las Disquisiciones Mágicas, ed. J. Moya, Madrid, Hiperión, 1991
La crónica sobre don Juan de Austria y la Guerra en los Países Bajos (1576-1578), ed. M. A. Echevarría Bacigalupe, Wien-München, Verlag für Geschichte und Politik/R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2003.

Referencias

Bibliografía

Cazadores de brujos
Humanismo
Humanistas de España del siglo XVI
Humanistas de España del siglo XVII
Humanistas de los Países Bajos
Historiadores de España del siglo XVI
Historiadores de España del siglo XVII
Filólogos de España del siglo XVI
Filólogos de España del siglo XVII
Teólogos de España del siglo XVI
Teólogos de España del siglo XVII
Escritores de España del siglo XVI
Escritores de España del siglo XVII
Juristas de España del siglo XVI
Juristas de España del siglo XVII
Jesuitas de España del siglo XVI
Jesuitas de Bélgica
Alumnado de la Universidad de Salamanca en el siglo XVI
Nacidos en Amberes
Teólogos jesuitas
Fallecidos en Lovaina


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Index of new symbols in 2.6

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text:
Q: SQL and conditional logic on Where I have a very simple SQL search query as follows.
$sql =
"
SELECT *
FROM suppliers
WHERE
product_categories LIKE '%$product_categories1%'
AND agentid=?????
";

In the part of the query where agentid=??? I need to get the following conditionality to work.
If some $var is (say) 1 then agentid !=' '
If same $var is (say) 2  then agentid =' '
The purpose of this query is . .. if !='' the query returns ALL rows where there is an agentid value (!='') or SQL returns no rows at all if agentid is set to (=' ').
My problem is how to write the SQL to introduce this simple condition?
PS I am aware of the <> sql alternative.

A: If I understand your question correctly, you want to build your SQL query conditionally.  You can use control statements to change what your output SQL is:
// ALWAYS ALWAYS ALWAYS sanitize your input.  Use prepared statements to
// build safe queries (see first comment under this answer).  This example
// of using msqli_escape_string is NOT considered "secure", but is used in
// this context to highlight the importance of sanitization.
$product_categories1 = msqli_escape_string($product_categories1);

if ($var == 'condition') {
    $condition = "agentid IS NOT NULL";
}
else {
    $condition = "agentid IS NULL";
}

$sql = "SELECT * FROM suppliers
        WHERE product_categories LIKE '%$product_categories1%'
        AND $condition";

A: You can try like this:
if ($var == 1)
    $where = "agentid != ''";
else
    $where = "agentid like ''";

$sql =
" SELECT *
    FROM suppliers
  WHERE
    product_categories LIKE '%$product_categories1%'
  AND $where ";


text:
Q: Uncaught TypeError: Chart is not a constructor when using Chart.js I'm working on my first Cordova projects and am trying to use Chart.js. The documentation states that Chart.js should be included like this:
<script src="Chart.js"></script>
<script>
    var myChart = new Chart({...})
</script>

I installed the library using bower and it is now present under www/lib/chart.js. Chrome gives me Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404 when I'm loading Chart.js or lib/chart.js.
When I load lib/chart.js/src/chart.js I get a different error saying Uncaught TypeError: Chart is not a constructor in this line:
  var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart");
  var myChart = new Chart(ctx, { //...

This is what's in the file chart.js:
var Chart = require('./core/core.js')();

require('./core/core.helpers')(Chart);
// ...

window.Chart = module.exports = Chart;

Is this the right chart.js file?

A: I think that chart.js you're using has an error
try this one:
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/Chart.js/2.4.0/Chart.min.js"></script>

A: On Laravel mix use:
window.Chart = require('chart.js/auto').default;

A: Do this and it should work
import Chart from 'chart.js/auto';
https://www.chartjs.org/docs/latest/getting-started/integration.html


A simple mathematical model of analgesia in the rat is developed and utilized to determine quantitative structure-activity relationships for a series of novel 4-anilidopiperidine opioids. The compounds tested (selected alkyl carboxyethyl esters attached at the one position of the piperidine ring) were designed for rapid inactivation by blood and tissue esterases. Model parameters included potency and rate constants for loss of pharmacodynamic effect by hydrolysis dependent and independent processes. A significant correlation is observed between duration of pharmacological effect in vivo and the rate constant for hydrolysis in human blood (r = 0.89). In vivo potency shows a moderate correlation with log P2 (r = -0.77). The validity of the model is shown by comparing model-based parameters which characterize potency and duration of effect in vivo with graphically derived parameters. Significant correlations are observed between model and graphically based estimates of potency (r = 0.75) and between model and graphically based estimates of duration of effect (r = 0.70). This model has potential application in studies of other classes of compounds in which hydrolytic cleavage limits duration of pharmacologic effect.


emailed/phoned/hounded me for ages. Now I want to know the price up front.
> it's way out of my range.
> product for which general pricing information isn't readily available.
> be a struggle. Or am I being unreasonable?
> > the usual tools will do..
> > based, HelpServer may be the better choice because it does it all.
> > for those that are not connected to the internet or prefer offline help.
> > HelpServer also cretates PDF and a lot of other formats.
> > what it needs and only what it needs..
> > integrity and managebility, no broken links.


text:
import pytest

import gen.internals
from gen.exceptions import ValidationError
from gen.internals import Scope, Source, Target

def sample_fn_small():
    pass

def sample_fn_normal(foo):
    pass

def sample_fn_big(foo, bar, baz, ping=None, pong="magic"):
    pass

def test_get_function_parameters():
    get_function_parameters = gen.internals.get_function_parameters

    assert get_function_parameters(sample_fn_small) == set()
    assert get_function_parameters(sample_fn_normal) == {'foo'}
    assert get_function_parameters(sample_fn_big) == {'foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'ping', 'pong'}
    assert get_function_parameters(lambda x: x) == {'x'}
    assert get_function_parameters(lambda x, y, a, b: sample_fn_normal(x)) == {'x', 'y', 'a', 'b'}

def test_validate_arguments_strings():
    validate_arguments_strings = gen.internals.validate_arguments_strings

    validate_arguments_strings(dict())
    validate_arguments_strings({'a': 'b'})
    validate_arguments_strings({'a': 'b', 'c': 'd', 'e': 'f'})

    # TODO(cmaloney): Validate the error message contains all error keys.
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        validate_arguments_strings({'a': {'b': 'c'}})

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        validate_arguments_strings({'a': 1})

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        validate_arguments_strings({1: 'a'})

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        validate_arguments_strings({'a': 'b', 'c': 1})

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        validate_arguments_strings({'a': None})

def validate_a(a):
    assert a == 'a_str'

test_source = Source({
    'validate': [validate_a],
    'default': {
        'a': 'a_str',
        'd': 'd_1',
    },
    'must': {
        'b': 'b_str'
    },
    'conditional': {
        'd': {
            'd_1': {
                'must': {
                    'd_1_b': 'd_1_b_str'
                }
            },
            'd_2': {
                'must': {
                    'd_2_b': 'd_2_b_str'
                }
            }
        }
    }
})

def get_test_target():
    return Target(
        {'a', 'b', 'c'},
        {'d': Scope(
            'd', {
                'd_1': Target({'d_1_a', 'd_1_b'}),
                'd_2': Target({'d_2_a', 'd_2_b'})
            })})

def test_resolve_simple():

    test_user_source = Source(is_user=True)
    test_user_source.add_must('c', 'c_str')
    test_user_source.add_must('d_1_a', 'd_1_a_str')

    resolver = gen.internals.resolve_configuration([test_source, test_user_source], [get_test_target()])
    print(resolver)
    assert resolver.status_dict == {'status': 'ok'}

    # Make sure having a unset variable results in a non-ok status
    test_partial_source = Source(is_user=True)
    test_partial_source.add_must('d_1_a', 'd_1_a_str')
    resolver = gen.internals.resolve_configuration([test_source, test_partial_source], [get_test_target()])
    print(resolver)
    assert resolver.status_dict == {'status': 'errors', 'errors': {}, 'unset': {'c'}}

def test_resolve_late():
    test_late_source = Source()
    test_late_source.add_must('c', gen.internals.Late('c_str'))
    test_late_source.add_must('d_1_a', 'd_1_a_str')
    resolver = gen.internals.resolve_configuration([test_source, test_late_source], [get_test_target()])

    assert resolver.status_dict == {'status': 'ok'}
    assert resolver.late == {'c'}

    # TODO(cmaloney): Test resolved from late variables