text:
'Heritage is never neutral.' Read the interview with the new Director
Interview with Prof. Pieter ter Keurs, Scientific Director at the Leiden-Delft-Erasmus Centre for Global Heritage and Development
As of 1 September 2019, Prof. Pieter ter Keurs will assume the position of Scientific Director at the Leiden-Delft-Erasmus Centre for Global Heritage and Development as well as that of Professor of Museums, Collections and Society at the Faculties of Humanities and Archaeology at Leiden University. We spoke to him about his vision on heritage and his career in the museum world.
What is your background and how did it influence you?
'I studied anthropology in Leiden, which probably also helped determine my point of view when it comes to heritage. I specialise in anthropology of material culture. When I look at a historical site or archaeological object, I always ask myself 'What do people get out of it, what does it mean to them, in this place?' I have researched this in depth particularly in Southeast Asia and had many discussions about it with local people in, for instance, New Guinea, Indonesia and the Philippines. My dissertation was about how people relate to material things. I have always been convinced that the meaning of objects is not just one-dimensional but has an effect on people and can, therefore, have social and political connotations.'
Where are you from and where have you worked?
'My roots lie in the Leiden museum world: I started as a curator at the National Museum of Ethnology (now the National Museum of World Cultures). After that, I moved to the Dutch National Museum of Antiquities, where I've worked for a long time and am currently Head of Collections and Research. In addition, I'm affiliated with Leiden University as an endowed professor, a position which will become a full-time Professorship of Museums, Collections and Society from September onwards. I will also be acting as Director of the Leiden-Delft-Erasmus Centre for Global Heritage and Development.'
What is your ambition with regard to the Centre for Global Heritage and Development?
'The Centre is positioned in the dynamic area of heritage and society. There is a lot to be done in this area; many exciting issues are involved. Heritage can create a sense of belonging to a group and a feeling of stability, because it offers people a sense of recognition and a familiar environment. If you encroach upon this heritage, you encroach upon the identity of these groups of people. Not just when you destroy heritage, but sometimes also when you try to protect it. For example, when the UNESCO plans to assign World Heritage status to something and the local community says 'Stay away from this, this is our heritage because we live and work here'.'
'From an organisational point of view, the Centre is in a good shape. My predecessor Prof. Jan Kolen and the team have introduced the requisite focus. The Centre is organised around three clusters: Heritage & Environment, Heritage & Identity and Endangered Heritage.'
Read more about this in the April 2019 edition of the LDE magazine.
What is it about cultural heritage that appeals to you?
'What I really like about heritage is that you're not just engaged in academic research, but are also closely involved with what's going on in society. You don't just look at the material and immaterial heritage itself, but also at the context of this heritage and try to provide an interpretation based on this. For example, by explaining what an object was used for, how people lived at the time, what the landscape looked like. Today, there are many more stakeholders than before with an opinion about heritage. They may want to use the space for something else, perhaps for housing construction, or want to protect a piece of heritage when the municipality or province has earmarked something else as 'heritage' and given it priority. This means that, as a heritage specialist, it's not enough just to know a lot about, for example, Roman times; you must also be in touch with what's going on in today's society. So that you can understand what cultural history means for different groups and why people might rather have a playground than a replica of a watchtower in their neighbourhood.'
What are the social developments in relation to heritage that you find important or interesting?
'What is becoming more and more significant is that heritage can be controversial, acquire political overtones and lead to conflict. This is not just the case in Syria, but a worldwide trend. Take the example of statues of white farmers being put up in South Africa which, for many, may evoke painful memories of the apartheid regime. But I also find the rise of museums in China striking. Heritage plays an important role in the new political system, so these museums have to be quickly filled with artefacts representing Chinese history. Heritage is never neutral, it's always interpreted. I think it's important that we, as academics, continue to play a role in this.'
Does this correspond to the themes of the Centre for Global Heritage & Development?
'Yes, not only the centre's three clusters, but also activities such as the Summer School on Cultural Objects, Human Rights and International Law, fit in well with them. However, I do see a dilemma here in the sense that, on the one hand, being committed to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals we're concerned with global issues, while on the other, the practical aspects of heritage are actually handled at a very local level with municipalities or local interest groups.'
How do academics connected with the Centre for Global Heritage and Development cooperate with one another?
'The Scanning for Syria project is an example of a very successful collaboration between engineers from Delft and archaeologists from Leiden. I think that this mix of technology and humanities will become increasingly important in the future. Even when it comes to statistical results from research, it's important to include interpretation from the humanities field. This multidisciplinary approach is also becoming increasingly important when applying for research funding and the best part is: as Leiden-Delft-Erasmus, we already have that with our broad range of programmes in arts, humanities, sciences, and social and behavioural sciences.'
'Of course, an additional challenge for our Centre is to ensure that a cooperative partnership between the three universities emerges. This is not always something that can be controlled. My impression is that if people get along well, great new projects will be created. And, of course, as Centre Director, I hope to play a role in this!'
Pieter ter Keurs
Scientific Director CGHD, Professor of Museums, Collections and Society at the Faculties of Humanities and Archaeology at Leiden University


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text:
Smartphones and Facebook are killing our sex lives: But technology could save them
Kim Easton Smith
A third of us believe that technology is having a bad effect on our sex lives. And it's not that surprising, considering one in six of us have answered the phone or read a text while having sex.
Not only is technology causing a distraction - we're letting it.
More than five per cent of the UK even admitted to checking Facebook during sex, according to a survey by Durex. How long will it be before we're checking IN while we're doing it too? Is a #sexselfie the new meme on the way?
Sex and Relationship expert Susan Quilliam, commented: "Many people find love through dating websites or social media - but it's a worrying trend that many are also feeling gradually ousted in their relationships in favour of interaction online.
"There is, of course, a great place for technology in our lives but habitual use and reliance on our gadgets can lead to bad habits in relationships."
[Simple ways to bring back intimacy into your relationship]
[Wedding blog: Should I change my name when I get married?]
Experts have blamed other things to explain why the average number of times we have sex a month is dropping (now 4.8 times a month for women and men, 4.9, compared to ten years ago when it was 6.3 and 6.2 respectively).
These reasons include the ubiquity of sex all around us. And it's everywhere, from Kylie gyrating around on balls selling records to Haagen Daz using Bradley Cooper as sexy bait in its latest ad.
They also suggest it's the fact that we're more open about sex now, and with what we consider permissable and acceptable within 'normal' - plus we're pretty happy to discuss it in public.
It sounds like we're so busy talking about sex, possibly on Twitter, that we don't get round to actually doing it.
Here are the four main ways technology is ruining our sex lives:
Our addiction to smartphones is growing ever stronger. They've given us so many access points for communication, from our many apps to old fashion texting and even, occasionally, the odd phone call. Posting something on social media arouses our brains (if not our bodies) and whether we realise it or not it primes us for a response. Seeing that little red blob gives us a high. Maybe not as much of a high as an orgasm, but uploading to Instagram us a whole lot less faff, right?
Who are the one in six Brits who actually use FB during sex? Have you ever had the misfortune to sleep with one? We want to know! Psychological studies on the social networking site rarely agree but it's generally through to promote comparing behaviours, envy and jealousy. None of this is good for your relationship. Why do all your friends seem to be so much more loved up than you and your boyf? Plus it makes hooking up with an ex a whole lot easier - though whether your partner can be bothered to shag them is another matter.
24/7 emails
Work has never had such a strong hold on our lives. Younger generations are much more likely to integrate work and play with work emails read in the evenings and at weekends and many of us checking our work email last and first thing with a bit of fitful sleeping inbetween. It may make us feel more switched on, but hearing about a work 'emergency' at 11pm is sure going to put a damper on any passion.
We know porn has been around for rather a lot longer than the Internet but the web has made so much more of it available to so many more of us. And now we all have the afore-mentioned smartphones, we've got little porn watching (and making) machines in our pocket at all times, so there's no need to do the real thing is there?
[Vaginal weightlifting = better orgasms?]
[Celibacy as therapy: Should you put sex on hold?]
Technology to the rescue
But wait! It's not all doom and gloom. Technology can actually help improve our sex lives.
Let's recap slightly. Why should we be worried sex is on the wane?
Well, apart from the fact that when we actually get round to it we enjoy it, sex is good for your health, both physically and mentally, and helps you bond with your partner in a way that cuddling on the sofa watching True Detective just doesn't.
So if you're spending more time in bed on social media than on sex (60 per cent of us), listen up: Technology could be the cure as well as the cause.
Sex apps
Until we began research for this article we had no idea of the world of sex apps. Put aside Tinder and its ilk for a moment and check out Dirty Games Truth or Dare (iPhone/Android) for sexy games to play, the Karma Sutra app (iPhone/Android) for positions to try or why not turn your WHOLE PHONE into a vibrator with Sexy Vibes (Android) or Closer ToGetHer (iPhone) There's even an app that plays sounds that will increase your desire for sex (we're not sure how scientific this is) called Sex Drive (iPhone/Android). If you need to add some spice in the bedroom, this may be the place to start.
Steamy ebooks on your Kindle
It's sad that books are on the wane, but look on the bright side, you can happily read the latest bonkbuster wherever you like without anyone knowing. Whether it's Fifty Shades of Grey or one of Syvia Day's Bared to You series, women in particular respond to erotic fiction so start loading your Kindle up now.
If you're not in a relationship, there is no absolutely no taboo at all about finding love online. And many apps positively encourage casual sex. Whether you use techology to get yourself laid, or find the perfect partner, to grow old with, Tinder, OK Cupid, How About We and Tingle are all good places to start.
Probably the biggest technology to actually boost our sex lives is the vibrator and its friends. Now you can attach them to MP3s and vibe to the beat, use them with remote controls and Ann Summers has even created a the Ultimate G vibrator to take you to 'another orgasm level'.
If we can be bothered to play with them that is.
Globe Newswire·3-min read
There are important battles to be won first, of course. Not least in hospital intensive care units and in rolling out a successful vaccination programme. But, if all goes well, within a few weeks many of us will dare to start dreaming about the realities of travel once more. By Easter, the vast majority of those vulnerable to the disease in this country should have been protected. Deaths and hospitalisations from Covid will then have dropped so much that there will – hopefully – be no reason for the Government to prevent us leaving the country and travelling if so we wish. Obviously, we will only be able to visit other countries if and when they decide it is safe to let us in, but some will certainly be keen to see British travellers and holidaymakers back as soon as possible, and there will be many of us who will want to grab the first opportunity to get away and have a break. Currently, politicians are terrified of making commitments – and won't even look ahead as far as the summer. On Saturday, Grant Shapps was reported as saying that "hadn't a clue" whether the over 50s should start booking their summer holiday, while Dominic Raab advised against it. We need a better plan than that. So here is our blueprint for restarting travel. Keep the travel industry alive If we are going to travel again, we need the airlines, agents, operators, ferry and rail services which have suffered such a catastrophic loss of income over the last ten months to pull through. Many are now at high risk of collapse and, if significant numbers give up the ghost before spring, it will not only mean many more lost jobs, but a loss of expertise and competition. Consumers will see higher prices and less choice and it could be years before the industry regenerates. Travel is one of the sectors which has been hardest hit by the pandemic; it is a special case which is urgently in need of special support. If the Government can spare tens of millions for, for example, fishermen suffering from Brexit, then it needs to allocate resources to travel, which is a far bigger and more critical industry. Focus on the UK Last year we saw how important UK holidays were during times when it was so much harder to travel abroad. Let's get self-catering accommodation open again as a priority, and remember that the Easter holidays will be a critical moment for British resorts, hotels, sights and holiday parks. There is some evidence that transmission of the virus in hotels, pubs and bars working under Covid protocols last summer and autumn was relatively low, though Sir Patrick Vallance also expressed concern that the risks weren't fully understood. By then we should know if the vaccination programme has been successful, and if it has, it is hard to see why the hospitality industry shouldn't be able to start functioning again.
French ski season 'a complete write-off' as Government extends lift closures
The ski season in France is likely to be "a complete write-off" as the Government announces ski lifts in the country will remain closed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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El futbol és l'esport més popular a Moçambic. És dirigit per la Federació Moçambiquesa de Futbol.

Història
El futbol a Moçambic està lligat històricament al futbol de portuguès. Molts clubs eren filials dels principals clubs portuguesos com Sporting de Lisboa o SL Benfica. També la majoria de grans jugadors dels país van jugar a la metròpoli, com el cas d'Eusébio, el millor jugador moçambiquès de la història. El 1975 Moçambic esdevingué independent i el 1976 es fundà la federació nacional.

Competicions

 Lligues:
 Moçambola
 Lligues provincials
 Copes:
 Taça de Moçambique
 Supertaça de Moçambique

Principals clubs
Clubs amb més títols nacionals a 2019.

Jugadors destacats
Fonts:

Principals estadis

Vegeu també
 Federació Moçambiquesa de Futbol
 Selecció de futbol de Moçambic

Referències

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Recently, while watching the evening news, I saw the report of a plane crash in Ohio; apparently, all ten people on board died. They showed the plane on fire with flames going everywhere; it was heart-wrenching to watch. Then it occurred to me that the passengers were burning with the plane; it scared me and broke my heart. Such loss!
That fire eventually went out, and the pain and fear the passengers felt eventually stopped, because they were dead. However, there is a fire that someday will burn forever and never go out. Whoever is in it will never stop feeling the pain and discomfort, and boy, does it scare me. Can you imagine burning in a fire that never goes out? I can and I'm sure you can too. But does it scare you like it scares me? I'm not sure, but what I do know is that some people don't like to talk about hell. Others believe it is a scare tactic to get them to do something they don't want to do, and still there are others who don't believe hell exists at all, and if it did, a loving God will not send anybody there.
The Bible is the Word of God, and it is 100% true. Nothing it has said in the past ever failed; everything has been fulfilled exactly. Consider the life of Jesus. Years before His birth, His coming, birth, life, and death were all prophesied in detail, and all happened as was prophesied. When Jesus was arrested in the Garden, before His bogus trial and crucifixion, He asked those who arrested Him a question, and answered it Himself. He asked them, "Am I some dangerous revolutionary, that you come with swords and clubs to arrest me? Why didn't you arrest me in the temple? I was there among you teaching every day. But these things are happening to fulfill what the Scriptures say about me" (Mark 14:48-49 NLT). On another occasion, He told His listeners, "I did not come to abolish the Law of Moses or the writings of the prophets. No, I came to accomplish their purpose. I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth disappear, not even the smallest detail of God's law will disappear until its purpose is achieved" (Matthew 5:17-18 NLT). The proofs of the authenticity of the Bible are overwhelming! The more you read it, the more convincing you'll find it. For this reason, whatever the Bible says is going to happen, will happen, hell included.
So then, understanding that hell is for real, it makes a lot of sense to discuss it. Although some people would rather not talk about it, many will go there (see Matthew 7:13), regardless of what they'd rather do or not do. Once they are there, their doom is sealed. They cannot escape, make an appeal, get a new trial, or bribe their way out. Once they set foot in hell, it'll be a done deal; hell will be their final and permanent destination for all eternity. Recently, two criminals escaped from a maximum security prison in New York with the help of a female prison worker. I can assure you, that scenario will not happen in hell; once in hell, no one can escape from there! Isn't this scary?
If you are reading this, it means you still have time to make certain you won't go to hell. But please don't wait another minute.
Why go to hell when you don't have to? If you've never placed your faith in Jesus for salvation, you are heading for hell: the place many don't want to talk about. Unfortunately, choosing to not talk about it will not change the truth; what the Bible says is what will happen. So if you're not sure you'll go to heaven when you die, please stop whatever you are doing and ask God to forgive your sins and save you through Jesus Christ His Son. If at the end of life on earth you discover there is no hell (which there is), you'll have nothing to lose. As the old adage goes, "Better safe than sorry." In Jesus' prayer for believers, He said, "This is the way to have eternal life—to know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ the one you sent to earth" (John 17:3 NIV).
Those who put their faith in Jesus are given the assurance of forgiveness. "There is no judgment against anyone who believes in him" (John 3:18 NLT). Also, "So now there is no condemnation for those who belong to Christ Jesus" (Romans 8:1 NLT), and "I am writing to you who are God's children because your sins have been forgiven through Jesus" (1 John 2:12 NLT). The Bible also assures believers that their names are written in the Lamb's (Jesus') Book of Life (see Luke 10:20; Hebrews 12:23; Revelation 20:15, 21:27).
I'm pleading with you in the name of Jesus to call on Him today for forgiveness of sin and salvation through His finished work on the cross. He died for you because He loves you! Hell is not a figment of the imagination; it is a real place of torment. Don't chance it!


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text:
Medieval Sicily Part 7: Reaching for the stars
Ursula Kampmann
translated by Katja Protsiva
Under Robert Guiscard's brother Roger, orthodox Christians and Muslims could live in peace side by side in Sicily. Also Robert's subjects in Lower Italy appreciated their liberties. But how could the gentlemen of Southern Italy permanently secure their sovereignty in order to protect the active tolerance from the aggressive claim to power of the Roman Church? To be able to understand that, we have to look again at the history of the church.
Pope Gregory VII in a manuscript from the 11th century.
Church policy part 3
In 1073, Hildebrand of Sovana was elected pope. As Gregory VII, he was supposed to carry the church reform to extremes by demanding that earthly power should be subordinated to clerical power. Naturally, no earthly ruler could or wanted to accept such a manifestation of the church reform – and Robert Guiscard made no exception there.
Gregory excommunicated the duke of Apulia, Calabria and Sicily in 1074, already one year after his inauguration. The reason for that was of very minor importance and there were no practical consequences of this clerical measure whatsoever. So Gregory suffered total defeat on the Southern Italian stage. Whereas his first excommunication of the German emperor, Heinrich IV in 1076, became an unexpected success. Obviously not because the German rulers were so much more devout than their colleagues from Lower Italy. Heinrich IV just did not have the military strength to counter an insurgency – and the emperor's excommunication made an excellent excuse for the German rulers.
Today, the Canossa Castle in Emilia-Romagna is a ruin. Photo: Franz Xaver / CC BY-SA 3.0
So Heinrich made the brilliant move of forcing Gregory to withdraw the excommunication in Canossa and return to Rome. With that, Heinrich won the most important thing – time.
Heinrich IV. Frankfurt, royal mint. Bracteate. Sincona 43 (2017), no. 2094.
Already four years later, Heinrich's regency was secure again and he had the military situation under control – at least in Germany. So it was foreseeable that he would soon also come to Italy. Gregory had to expect banishment or worse. An unpleasant situation for the militant pope. He urgently needed a patron. But there were not so many available. Who would dare to oppose the emperor? That only left Robert Guiscard who in turn had to fear that the German emperor would claim Lower Italy as part of the Roman Empire.
That way, Robert promised the pope military support for the absolution and the approval as independent duke of Campania, Apulia and Sicily. On June 29, 1080 Robert took the vassal's oath. Four days earlier, an imperial council in Brixen had degraded Gregory as pope and appointed a new one. This constellation – on one side, the pope and the Norman duke and on the other side, the emperor and the antipope – became a political constant for almost a century. On account of that, Robert, Roger and their successors enjoyed the freedom of not having to tolerate a papal legate in Sicily, appoint the bishops themselves and basically having a proprietary church.
Michael VII, 1071-1078. Histamenon. Sear 1868. From auction Gorny & Mosch 176 (2009), 2777.
Reaching for the stars
However, we should not assume, that Robert saw this alliance as a serious obligation. He had more important things to do than protecting the pope, at least to his mind. Because the situation in the Byzantine Empire had changed a lot since 1071. Romanos IV Diogenes had been replaced by Michael VII Dukas, an educated and sophisticated man who lacked military experience. Michael was born in 1059 and he was the oldest son of Konstantin X Dukas. Since he was too young to take over for him when his father died in 1067, his mother married the accomplished military man Romanos. After his defining defeat in Manzikert, the 12-year-old Michael had to take over the rule. Under his control, the Byzantine Empire lost one territory after the other. There were many revolts in the Empire. His subjects gave him the sobriquet "Parapinakes" (= minus one quarter), because the price for crop had risen so much under his control, that one could only buy three-quarters of wheat for the same amount of money. So Michael was desperately looking for support and was obsessed with finding matrimony with the Norman upstart. Michael had to improve his offer three times before Robert even bothered to reply. Finally, they agreed that one of Robert's daughters should marry the heir to the throne of the Byzantine Empire for a great amount of money. Sicily's ruler promised the Byzantine emperor military support in return and sent his daughter to Constantinople. One needs to savor this slowly: The son of a minor lord of a castle from the middle of nowhere graciously deigned to let the Byzantine emperor's son marry his daughter for an adequate amount of money. At no point in history it becomes more apparent what a long way Robert Guiscard had come.
Alexios I Komnenos, 1081-1118. Hyperpyron. Sear 1924. From Gorny & Mosch auction 176 (2009), 2782.
But already in 1078, the matter resolved itself: Michael VII was overturned and put into a monastery together with his son and daughter-in-law. A wonderful reason for Robert to start a war. Why bother, that even Michael's successor was already dethroned! The new emperor, Alexios I Komnenos, made promises of returning the Norman bride unharmed to the father but Robert was not interested in that at all. He had enough daughters. Whereas in Constantinople, his beloved Helena made an impressive excuse to start a war. Robert did not miss this opportunity. At the age of 64, he headed off to conquer the Byzantine Empire.
Robert Guiscard, 1077-1085. Doppio Follaro. Cappelli 36 (Dominazione Capuana). From Gorny & Mosch auction 123 (2003), 3761.
His plan already failed in Dyrrachium, the Italian Durazzo. Robert "the Cunning" was not cunning enough to realize how many enemies he had made by then. He was not only fighting against the Byzantine Empire but also against the rising trading power Venice, who, under no circumstances, wanted to leave the Strait of Otranto to the Normans. And when the emperor also sent agents to Apulia, in order to prompt the unsettled aristocrats to start a riot against their absent ruler, Robert's only choice was to return to his country and try to save what could be saved. The attack on the Byzantine imperial throne was over for now. But Robert wanted to try again just a couple of years later.
In the next part, you can read what difficulties Robert had to face in Italy on all fronts.
Here, you find all the parts of the series.
And if you want to see more pictures of Sicily, we recommend you our series "Sicily in full bloom".
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Every structure has one or more resonance or eigen frequencies. An excitation measurement or impact test is one of the most important analysis technologies in a foundation or resonance research. An excitation test is an experimental method to determine the dynamic stiffness and resonance frequencies of a structure. An excitation measurement produces very valuable information about the vibration "sensitivity" of a structure, information that also can be used as input for an ODS- or modal analysis.
Excitation measurements are in contrary to most other measurement technologies performed on non running machinery or structures. The structure is excited with a special hammer, fitted with a force sensor that measures the dynamic force of the excitation. Simultaneously with the force excitation the vibration response of the structure is measured. With the combined measurement data it is now possible to calculate the Transfer or Frequency Response Function. The analysis of the resulting spectrum functions will reveal all eigen-frequencies, amplification factors en phase shifts, which together enable a reliable view on a.o. the dynamic stiffness.
Excitation measurements are most suitable for the dynamic stiffness analysis of machinery structures. This applies for machinery still in the design phase, during commissioning or for trouble shooting field problems.
These measurements have also proven their usefulness for the analysis of machinery where running measurements are not (yet) possible. Transient measurements, tracking analyses and ODS-measurements always require a running machine.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Shard
{
    static class Extensions
    {
        public static TValue TryGetOrDefault<TKey, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dict, TKey key)
            where TValue : class
        {
            TValue value;
            if (dict.TryGetValue(key, out value))
                return value;

            return null;
        }

        public static TValue GetOrCreate<TKey, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dict, TKey key, Func<TValue> activator)
           where TValue : class
        {
            TValue value;
            if (dict.TryGetValue(key, out value))
                return value;

            return dict[key] = activator();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub