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ETH Life » News' Archive » Every fifth child is overweight
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ETH Life Archive
Health Sciences and Technologies
Published: 23.10.13
Every fifth child is overweight
Researchers at ETH Zurich regularly investigate the number of overweight children in Switzerland. The latest figures have just been published. Stefanie Murer, first author of the study, explains what the figures mean.
Interview: Franziska Schmid
Stefanie Murer investigated body weight of Swiss children. (Photo: ETH Zürich) (large view)
With the support of the Federal Office of Public Health, ETH Zurich is investigating the development of overweight of children in Switzerland. When the first results were presented in 2002, there was a public outcry: compared with the regional comparative data from the 1960s and 1980s, the number of overweight children had risen by a factor of more than five. Since then, ETH Zurich researchers have collected new data every five years. Stefanie Murer and Isabelle Aeberli from the Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health have analysed the latest figures.
Stefanie Murer, you examined about 3,000 children from 60 schools. What were your findings?
In 2012, about 19% of children examined were overweight, with 7% actually obese. This indicates a slight increase compared with our investigation in 2007, although the proportion is practically identical to that in 2002. Of course, we had hoped that the slight decrease of 2007 would have continued. The fact that the numbers are stable and not rising is a step in the right direction. However, it is still the case that one in five children in Switzerland is overweight. These children have a higher risk of remaining overweight as adults and developing related illnesses.
When is a child seen as overweight or obese?
For adults we use the body mass index (BMI), with specific threshold values indicating the point at which a person is overweight. With children, the body make-up changes rapidly throughout their development. For example, a six-year-old boy is classified as overweight with a BMI of 17 or more; for a 10-year-old, this value is 19.25; at age 12, a BMI of 21 or more is seen as a problem for boys. Because we examined children in this age range, an absolute threshold value does not make sense, but we can use percentile curves, similar to the growth curves used for small children. We also performed skinfold measurements to determine the proportion of body fat.
What are the advantages of skinfold analysis?
The BMI does not differentiate between muscle mass and fat, and does not express anything about the distribution of fat over the body. Many studies have shown that abdominal fat plays a greater role in vascular and heart diseases than the mass of fat on arms and legs. In skinfold analysis, we measured four skinfolds on the triceps, the biceps, above the hip bone and below the shoulder blade. This involved gripping the skinfold, measuring the thickness and thus calculating the body fat proportion. However, this method also has disadvantages, because measurements are difficult and exhibit a degree of inaccuracy. However, the combination of BMI and skinfold measurements provides a very good overview.
What surprised you most about the latest figures?
That the situation in urban and rural areas seems to be developing so differently. In 2002, there were no significant differences between cities and the countryside, and in 2007 more children in cities were overweight – but in the latest study the reverse is the case. While the proportion of overweight children in urban areas has fallen by about 7%, the curve is rising in rural areas.
Do you have an explanation for what is causing these differences?
It's possible that the prevention campaigns are more effective in cities, and also good, easily accessible facilities for overweight children are available in many cities. Additionally, there are many indications that the awareness and sensibility of parents play a major role. However, one must also consider that in our study we performed only random testing. We know from other investigations that large differences can exist between individual districts.
Are there any other peculiarities?
We established that there was a greater increase in the proportion of obese boys than of girls. Specifically, nearly 2% more boys are obese than girls. We believe this is related to the different levels of body awareness and should be a consideration in preventive measures.
In your study, you also take a close look at the figures from other countries. How does Switzerland fare when you compare it internationally?
Of course, there are countries such as America, where more than 30% of children are overweight. In southern European countries, such as Greece, Spain and Portugal, the proportion is also around 30%, much higher than in Switzerland. In Europe, Switzerland is positioned in the lower section, alongside northern countries such as Denmark and Holland. There is also a trend towards stabilisation in many other countries, though the levels differ.
Literature reference
Murer SB, Saarsalu S, Zimmermann MB, Aeberli I: Pediatric adiposity stabilized in Switzerland between 1999 and 2012. European Journal of Nutrition, 2013, doi: 10.1007/s00394-013-0590-y
24.10.13: Übergewichtige Kinder: Was sind die Faktoren?
24.10.13: Übergewichtige Kinder: Der relative Erfolg ist nicht genug
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GTA 5 Rockstar Editor coming to consoles in next update
Sam Loveridge, August 20, 2015 1:39 pm BST
Rockstar Games has confirmed that the GTA 5 Rockstar Editor is coming to Xbox One and PS4 with the next update.
Earlier this year, with the GTA 5 PC version, Rockstar Games launched the GTA 5 Rockstar Editor.
But with the next update, the Rockstar Editor will arrive on Xbox One and PS4, Rockstar has revealed.
"The upcoming launch of the Rockstar Editor for PS4 and Xbox One as the next update to Grand Theft Auto V and GTA Online means the next Rockstar Editor content will be the first one with entries across all three platforms," reads the announcement in a recent Rockstar Newswire post. "So the creative competition will be fiercer than ever. Stay tuned for info about that content and forthcoming update."
Related: GTA 5 Guide – Things to do in Los Santos
Rockstar Editor has been around since April, and allows players to record, edit and share videos they've made within GTA 5 on PC.
There's a comprehensive set of tools ranging from filters and camera modes, to audio tweaks and depth of field effects. These can all be accessed from within the GTA 5 campaign and GTA Online to customise content.
The Rockstar Editor also includes the awesome Director Mode, which has become extremely popular among those gamers wishing to create their own machinima. You can stage sequences using characters, props and specific locations from the game.
Rockstar Games' parent company Take-Two recently announced that it has shipped more than 54 million copies of GTA 5 worldwide.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Almost definitely never coming to Europe.
Highlights games, plays down 3D.
Japanese trailer shows online store.
How to make your Mii three stories high.
Moving the handheld aims slingshot.
Prepare to be amazed. These guys were.
Eurogamer TV gets stuck in.
Part 2: Hands-on impressions from last weekend's showcase.
All the action from Amsterdam.
Zelda! Street Fighter! Rabbids! Resi!
Mario! Zelda! Pilotwings! Star Fox! Resi!
Tag mode! Mii support! 3D picture cards!


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Family law matters can become high conflict, and spouses going through a divorce often have disagreements on many issues. Divorces can be contested greatly when the spouses are in disagreement and cannot come to an agreement without litigation. We always prepare for whatever conflict may arise, albeit through the court or otherwise. We work hard to try to resolve all issues without litigation. Mediation is generally less acrimonious than a court proceeding. It is possible for the spouses to negotiate a marital settlement agreement with the assistance of a divorce and mediation attorney in the Miami area without litigation. If the spouses cannot come to an agreement, a final hearing or trial before a judge will be necessary.
Florida is a no-fault state in which you need not obtain consent from your spouse to get a divorce. You can get a divorce provided only that the marriage is irretrievably broken no other reason is necessary. If one of the spouses was legally incompetent for more than three consecutive years before the divorce petition then the court will dissolve the marriage. The petition for divorce must be filed with the circuit court in the county in which the spouses last lived as a married couple.
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Both parents owe an obligation to financially support their child. Usually, the parent who has the child or children for the majority of the time gets child support from the other parent. Child support is meant to pay for shelter, electricity, water, food, and other needs of a child. Sometimes a parent's circumstances substantially change after a final judgment on child support is entered. It may be necessary to obtain a modification of child support from the court by showing a substantial change in circumstances that is involuntary, material, significant, and permanent.
There are several different types of alimony that may be awarded in connection with a divorce: Temporary lasting only through the divorce, Permanent to allow support for the remainder of your life, Rehabilitative, to allow one of the spouses to become trained or educated such that he or she is self-sufficient, Durational meaning that it gives economic assistance for a certain period of time, and Bridge the Gap between marriage and being single. A divorce and mediation lawyer can advise South Florida residents on the type of alimony (if any) that may be appropriate in their case. The court considers factors set forth in Florida Statutes section 61.08(2), and these factors include how the age of the parties are, length of the marriage, and each spouse's earning capacity, life-style, among other factors.
Prenuptial agreements are contracts that two people create prior to their marriage. Often, people enter into prenuptial agreements in order to protect their home or income earned during the marriage in case of a divorce. Postnuptial agreements are contracts that spouses devise in order to make a specific arrangement for their property, and support children after they are married. Sometimes couples enter into these agreements in order to change the terms of a prenuptial agreement, while in other cases, conditions change within the marriage so that one or both spouses feel that such an agreement is needed.
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Mediation and litigation are both used when parties cannot come to an agreement on their own, but they are significantly different processes. Litigation is a matter of public record, whereas mediation is confidential. Mediation may be court ordered or is voluntary, and its scheduling is based on the mediator's and the parties' private arrangements. Mediation is not bound by the same laws and rules that govern litigation, so the agreements that come out of mediation can be more creative than what the court decides. The purpose of mediation is to devise an arrangement with which both sides can live. The mediator, who facilitates mediation, is not a judge but is there to help negotiate a mutually satisfactory solution.
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Rettore dell'Università di Buenos Aires tra il 1965 e 1966 e professore emerito della stessa Università e della Pontificia università cattolica argentina, nel 1983 divenne membro della Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas. Nel 2003 ricevette, postumo, il premio Konnex per la scienza e la tecnologia.

Collegamenti esterni
 Murió el investigador y humanista Hilario Fernández La Nacion
 Ingeneria de una epoca dorada fcen.uba.ar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Description: Three Switcher work at the west end of CSX's Niagara Falls Yard.
Description: As this westbound train approached, I thought something looked odd with the third engine. As it moved closer and I could see that it was a switcher, I was hoppin' happy to have caught it!
Description: Despite the blur, I was happy to have caught this.
Description: Going east through Dawson, Pa along Railroad Street on a very mild morning. The train was rather short today and only had a few more cars than engines. I'm listing all the engine numbers that I know were on the train. One of them is unknown.
Description: An MP15AC is one of six engines on Q352 in Dawson, Pa. Built as SCL 4222 in February 1978 and later became SBD 4222 before transitioning to CSX. Update: It has now been painted in YN2 with the new CSX railcar logo.
Description: I saw this engine in a westbound train last year.........today it's in an eastbounder at CP296, CSX's boundry between the Rochester and Syracuse terminal sub-divisions.


Will the Speaker snub the President again?
Illusionist Uri Geller has taken credit for last night's water leak in the House of Commons which forced MPs to suspend their session.
This would allow the UK to go back to the partnership with the EU it had in the 1970s and 80s.
What time are today's indicative votes being held?
Banksy's spokeswoman has described the piece as 'massively relevant' given the current situation in Parliament.
MPs will today vote on a crucial amendment that would force a series of indicative votes on Brexit alternatives - another humiliating blow for the Prime Minister.
How long has John Bercow been the Speaker and what does he do?
Sayeeda Warsi has called on Andrea Leadsom to apologise saying her remarks were 'offensive and othering'.
Schools have warned parents to watch out for the challenge online.
New knife crime prevention orders are not the solution to knife crime, just like Asbos weren't to anti-social behaviour.
Ross Thomson was reportedly escorted from Strangers' Bar by police over his 'disgusting' behaviour, it has been claimed.
We've got everything you need to know about the rules of engagement in our government.
Mrs May remains in Number 10 not because she's particularly popular but because there's no consensus as to who should replace her.
Ms Siddiq tweeted today to say she had 'no faith in the pairing system', which is when two members from opposite parties agree not to vote when the other is absent.
What time is the Brexit vote for Theresa May's deal?
The UK is set to leave the EU on 29 March.
What is the Brexit legal row and could it mean we stay in the EU?
MPs will vote today on whether the government broke Parliament's rules by failing to publish Brexit legal advice.
Before Theresa May's Brexit deal can pass, first the EU and then the House of Commons need to sign off on it.
The SNP's Hannah Bardell did kick-ups in the chamber.
Speaker John Bercow said accepting the recommendations was the 'first step in our root and branch reform' of the culture in Parliament'.
The speaker has strongly denied allegations that he bullied two former officials.


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AllWolfpack
HomeBasketballSportsFootball
IBM Can Wait: Smith-Williams Ready to Take His Shot With Redskins
Brett Friedlander
James Smith-Williams has a degree in business supply chain management from NC State and a standing job offer from IBM whenever he's ready.
But he's not ready yet.
It's not that he's adverse to entering the business world, especially in a field as interesting as robotic automation. He just loves playing football too much to give it up voluntarily.
After being taken by the Washington Redskins in the seventh round of the NFL draft on Saturday, the former Wolfpack defensive end have been given an opportunity to keep playing it awhile longer.
"Yeah, I mean I just love it," Smith-Williams said in a teleconference shortly after his selection. "I think that's the easiest explanation I can give you.
"I just really love playing football. I love the competitiveness of it. Obviously, I'm thankful for IBM and what they offered me off the field, in that regard. My true love is football, so it's a blessing to be able to keep playing."
Smith-Williams' spot on the Redskins' roster is anything but guaranteed. In fact, as the 229th of 255 players selected in the three-day draft, he's still a longshot just to make it out of training camp.
But at least he has the chance. And he's determined to be as ready to make the most of it as soon as life starts to get back to normal, or at least something resembling normal, once the coronavirus crisis has passed and sports start back up.
Whenever that might be.
In the meantime he's been staying in shape by working out at a local park with former State linebacker Arius Moore -- at an acceptable social distance, of course -- and lifting weights at home.
"I'd say the biggest thing is just being in shape with everything going on right now, the craziness," the 6-foot-3, 265-pound Raleigh native said. "So without a doubt, I just look forward to competing. It's going to be a lot of fun. I know there are a lot of talented guys, a lot of great athletes, so it's exciting to throw my name in that mix. We'll hopefully win some games, a lot of games."
One thing Smith-Williams has going for him is that he'll be back in a traditional 4-3 defensive scheme with the Redskins after playing in the less-natural three-man front State was forced to use because of attrition in 2019.
"I was a little out of position last year in college with the head-up technique, but now I'll be back to the edges, so I'm excited for that," he said. "For me, it gives me a chance to attack.
"I'm a guy used to getting up the field, using my speed on tackles, speed-to-power hand usage, stuff like that. Just giving me a chance to attack the edge, be head-up, taking on a lot more double teams to kind of beat you up a little bit more."
Smith-Williams' physical ability has never been in question.
At the NFL Scouting Combine in February, he put on an impressive display of speed, strength and agility by finishing in the top 10 among defensive linemen in the bench press (28 reps of 225 pounds), broad jump (10 feet, three inches), three-cone run (7.35 seconds) and vertical jump (32.0 inches).
His 40-yard dash time of 4.61 seconds was the fastest among players in the 250-275 pound range,
The knock against him is his durability. Or lack thereof. Not only did he miss five games last season because of a series of injuries, but he also suffered season-ending maladies as both a freshman and redshirt freshman.
Rather than looking at his physical history as a negative, he said those injuries have only deepened his resolve to stay on the field and away from the business world as long as possible.
"You know, I had the one major ankle surgery in 2016," he said. "For me, it just allowed me to get the appreciation for the game. You kind of understand taking care of your body and what that entails."
Who's next at Duke once Coach K decides to hang it up?
https://www.si.com/college/duke/basketball/end-of-an-era-whos-next-at-duke
Doeren looks back at WCU, ahead to West Virginia
NC State coach Dave Doeren addressed a number of subjects during his weekly meeting with the media
If You Could Rewrite Wolfpack History, What Would You Change?
NC State has had more than its share of athletic disappointments over the years. If you could go back in time and change the result of what event in Wolfpack history, what would it be? Read more
Geoffgw
ALS Claims Wolfpack Baseball Great Chris Combs
Former NC State baseball star and Wolfpack Club executive Chris Combs, whose No. 26 was honored by the school this spring, has lost his long battle with ALS. He was 44. Read more
lupitabrasill
Who's in Your All-Time NC State Hoop Starting Five?
There are no wrong answers to the question asked on Twitter by the Wolfpack Club: Who is in your All-Time NC State Men's Basketball Starting Five? Here are our picks. Read more
Packlitig8r
Doeren: Players' Mental Health Important, Too
While NC State's coaches are doing all they can to protect the physical well-being of their players during the coronavirus pandemic, Dave Doeren said that watching out for their mental well-being can equally as important. Read more
polisella
State 88, Duke 66: Postgame Observations
The Wolfpack thrust itself back into the NCAA tournament conversation with a win against Duke that was stunning in its thoroughness. Read more
Ryguy3
Running in-game thread: Syracuse
Follow along during tonight's #NCState-#Syracuse matchup for notes, stats and updates … And feel free to join in the discussion with your comments! Read more
ShawnKrest
Juston Burris Feels Right at Home With Panthers
Former NC State defensive back Juston Burris signed a free agent deal with the Carolina Panthers to help the team rebuild under new coach Matt Rhule. The fact that he's able to return to his home state to play is just a bonus. Read more
BFried
ACC Announces 10-Plus-1 Schedule Format For Football
The ACC's Board of Directors, in a move that was somewhat unexpected move, adopted a schedule format for the 2020 football season. The bigger surprise is that NC State won't have to play Clemson in the league's 10-plus-1 format. Read more


Shoes represented the transfer of property from the Father to the Groom. The honking of horns of the tying of cans had it's roots in the notion that loud noises would scare off evil spirits. Originally it was to protect the innocent young maiden when traveling. Ringing of bells or setting off firecrackers are still other ways of this tradition is still being carried out. The ringing of bells however is done more often as an announcement of the marriage than is a superstitious act to ward off evil spirits.


On the sea, a life jacket can save your life. In the courtroom, the life jacket that can save your case is provable and relevant facts. Seaman, Frank Glaze, recently found this to be true when a Louisiana Court dismissed his Jones Act personal injury case due to a lack of evidence.
Mr. Glaze was injured while he performed maintenance on the M/V SNIPE as relief captain for Higman Barge Lines. Mr. Glaze contended that he suffered "numbness in his hands" as he worked with the needle gun. He also claimed elbow, knee, and lower back pain occurred soon after he completed his work. Because of these injuries, Mr. Glaze sued his employer seeking relief under the Jones Act.
Evidence in a trial can take almost any shape or form. For murder trials, people think of weapons. For fraud cases, perhaps incriminating documents comes to mind. For a personal injury case, the options are almost limitless yet likely "flip flop" is not the first image that pops up; especially in a maritime case. Yet in this case, Garrard Myers makes quite the fuss over the state of his sandals.
Mr. Myers was working aboard Hercules Offshore Services, L.L.C.'s ("Hercules") drilling rig in 2013 when he injured his left ankle coming out of the shower. Mr. Myers subsequently filed a lawsuit against Hercules pursuant under the Jones Act and general maritime law. See 46 U.S.C. § 30104 et. seq. Mr. Myers alleged that Hercules' drilling rig was unseaworthy and that Hercules was negligent in failing to provide handrails or slip-resistant surfaces in the vessel's showers.
At trial, conflicting facts were presented on the cause of Mr. Myers injury. Mr. Myers stated that he simply slipped on the shower floor. Hercules representative Randall O'Brien testified however that Mr. Myers stated his flip flop broke and then he fell in the shower. Mr. O'Brien also testified that an incident report stated that Mr. Myer's shoe broke and Mr. Myers signed this report. Moreover, Mr. Myers admits to signing the report yet denies having read the portion of the report about his broken flip flop. Mr. Myers at trial denied that his flip-flop was ever broken or that he communicated about his flip flops to anyone. Mr. Myers even brought the supposed shower shoes to trial to show they were intact.
Being an employee aboard a ship in the Gulf of Mexico can be hard work, and it can also be dangerous work. For Mark Baldwin, who worked as a sandblaster and painter for Cleanblast, LLC, danger presented itself when he was assigned to the vessel Brody Paul and serviced oil platforms located in the Gulf of Mexico. Baldwin allegedly suffered severe injuries to his back and neck when he fell while working on a Tennessee Oil and Gas Company platform. In a personal injury lawsuit, Baldwin claimed that Cleanblast failed to provide the proper equipment to complete the task. However, the trial court dismissed the case, granting Cleanblast's motion for summary judgment because it found that there was no genuine issue of material fact as to whether Baldwin, the plaintiff, was a seaman for Jones Act purposes. Baldwin appealed and the Third Circuit reversed, finding that a jury should decide whether the plaintiff's work duties qualified him for seaman status under the Jones Act. See 46 U.S.C. § 688.
Cleanblast focused its motion for summary judgment on the durational requirement and pointed to the Supreme Court's statement in Chandris that it is a "rule of thumb" that "a worker who spends less than about 30 percent of his time in the service of a vessel in navigation should not qualify as a seaman under the Jones Act." Based on Baldwin's admission to spending less than 30 percent of his time in service of the vessel, Cleanblast argued that it was entitled to summary judgment and the trial court agreed, essentially holding that the 30 percent figure mentioned by the Supreme Court was a dispositive rule.


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Q: How to Access Resource File in C# NET I googled my query a lot and got so many references, but it created more confusion for me, So I am putting my question here. I do have my Resource file under Resource folder with path Resources\RR.resx, where Key and Value are stored. I want to know a way through which I can access those Key-Value pairs in back-end code.
(Note: Please make sure it's resource file not resource dictionary)

A: Considering your example, you can access the Key-Value pair in your code-behind file like,
"Resource.RR.[KeyName]". Here " 'Resource' would be your folder name/Namespace, 'RR' would be your calss name and [KeyName] would be your key.
However, you should also consider that ass soon as we add any resource file default Access Modifier would be 'Internal', you may have to change to public or use it accordingly.

A: Properties.Resources.ResourceKey;

Please read localization http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/aa992030(v=vs.100).aspx for more information

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In this video, Josh recommends a few books about goings-on in the Middle East – Afghanistan, Iraq, and Iran, specifically. He also embarrassingly mispronounces some author names.
This video is sponsored by After Anna by Alex Lake.


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St. John's vs. Xavier: 3-Point Preview
Both St. John's and Xavier are coming into Saturday on two game Big East win streaks. Both teams are close to the "bubble" to get into the NCAA Tournament. Both teams need to win. But only one can win. Let's have a duel, shall we?
By Brian Nestel Feb 14, 2015, 10:45am EST
Share All sharing options for: St. John's vs. Xavier: 3-Point Preview
St. John's and Xavier square off for a hot lunch date Saturday in a crucial Big East match-up. The Red Storm and Musketeers ride into the Cintas Center on two game win streaks, but are still on the edge of the NCAA tournament. Xavier, 7-6 and in fifth place in Big East play, can ill afford a home loss. On the contrary, a road win would do wonders for the Johnnies in regards to their tournament hopes.
It will be the first of two match ups between these two love birds. Let's get to it!
"Xavier? I don't even know her." - D'Angelo Harrison, probably
I just wanted to say that. Alright let's go.
First team to make 60 3-pointers wins
Xavier plays a style of defense that leaves them prone to opponents camping out behind the arc and nailing three-pointer after three-pointer. St. John's is just plain awful at defense, no matter what style. We should expect a lot of three-point shooting Saturday.
Remy Abell leads Xavier in three-point shooting, shooting 42% from behind the arc. D'Angelo Harrison is the man for St. John's, shooting 38% from 3-point land. It may come down to whichever team has the hot hand from downtown that determines the outcome of this game.
Xavier's Depth vs St. John's...well....not depth
St. John's coach Steve Lavin doesn't exactly have the best bench in the world. Only six players from St. John's have played in more than 20 games. The Red Storm rely on their starters to get the job done with very little rest.
Xavier coach Chris Mack has a luxury of a deep bench. Unlike St. John's, Xavier has nine players who have played in over 20 games. If this game comes down to the wire, can a fresh Xavier squad wear out a tired St. John's team?
Chris Obekpa. To Play? Or not to play? That is the question.
With a nagging foot injury, the status of St. John's big man in the middle is still uncertain. If he's able to play, he'll be in charge of stopping 6' 10" Matt Stainbrook and Jalen Reynolds. If not, Xavier should have an easy time driving the lane on a guard-heavy Red Storm lineup. Obekpa is the "X" factor in order for St. John's to stop the "X-Men."
Tip off is at 12:30 p.m. on FOX. National spotlight on a pretty damn important Big East game. It's the perfect way to start your Valentine's Day. Order pizza, a six pack of Barq's Root Beer, and Big East basketball. Enjoy the games!
For more on St. John's check out our friends at Rumble in the Garden.
Feeling a little more towards the Xavier side? Check out Banners on the Parkway.


As the Iraqi forces prepare to assault western Mosul the issue of whether they have enough units to hold the eastern half of the city has been brought up. Mustafa Habib, a reporter for Niqash recently wrote about this topic. Here is an interview with Habib about his thoughts on securing east Mosul. He can be followed on Twitter @Mustafa_Habib33.
1. What Iraqi units are currently in east Mosul, what areas are they in, and do they have enough to hold it, while attacking the west?
There are now almost 20-25 thousand Iraqi fighters, three brigades of the anti-terrorism forces (deployed in city center and overseeing the security file in all eastern Mosul), an Iraqi army division in the northern neighborhoods with hundreds of of Nineveh guard forces, two brigades of Federal Police with about 2000 local policemen from Mosul residents with a brigade of quick response forces with hundreds of fighters from the popular crowd (Shiite Shabak) in east neighborhoods.
The government will rely on these forces to liberate western Mosul, and there will not be enough to hold the east while attacking west.
2. How many police were in Mosul before it fell to the Islamic State in 2014?
Before the fall of Mosul, there were about 60-70 thousand men. There were 9 brigades from the federal police and army, and 6 brigades of the local police. These forces were in all Ninewa province, 60 percent of these forces were in Mosul.
3. Prime Minister Haider Abadi said that no Hashd would be allowed into Mosul. There have already been two exceptions to that. A Shabak brigade and ex-Governor Nujafi's Hashd al-Watani/Ninewa Guards were both given holding duties in east Mosul. What came of those two units, and is there any talk of bringing in anymore Hashd to help secure the city?
Holding east Mosul has been a problem forcing the government to involve the popular crowd in the city after the anti-terror forces lost half its power. There is no intention of the government to bring in more of the popular crowd.
4. What are the Iraqi forces and government talking about to resolve this dilemma?
The government has developed a plan that includes the federal police staying in the east with the local police and the Iraqi army to hold the ground. The attack on the western Mosul will be by the anti-terrorism forces through a river crossing with 3000 fighters of the Al-Abbas fighting division (who are loyal to Ayatollah Sistani) that began getting sophisticated weapons from the international coalition. Its leaders held meetings with international coalition leaders to coordination between them.
The reality is the government is still wary of starting the attack on western Mosul. I think it might be delayed for weeks. Delays will benefit ISIS certainly.


text:
Q: Convert OCTL character to ISO-8859-15(html) with java how can i conver a String that contains OCTL character to ISO-8859-15, to make understable.
I'm working with java. ty.
i'm trying to recuperate a value for a informix bbdd, an i put inside String, but when i show in view i saw Espa\321a---> and i wanna see ESPAÑA. I've looking for an saw that \321 is a OCTL is this possible ?
HTML     OCTL   HEX   CMP   CHR   MEANING
Ñ | \321 | =D1 | N ~ | (Ñ) | Capital N, tilde
so OCTL = \321 = Ñ
I try this but don't work for me, i'm doing sth wrong.
Charset charset = Charset.forName("OCTL");
        CharsetDecoder decoder = charset.newDecoder();
        CharsetEncoder encoder = charset.newEncoder();

        try {

            ByteBuffer bbuf = encoder.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(rs.getString(Constants.DES_PAIS_COM)));

            ByteBuffer and then to a string.

            CharBuffer cbuf = decoder.decode(bbuf);
            String s = cbuf.toString();
            deuteDetall.setDesPaisCom(s);

        } catch (CharacterCodingException e) {

        }

A: \321 is octal, in hex D1, (3*64+2*8+1).
String s = "...";
Pattern OCTAL = Pattern.compile("\\\\(\\d\\d\\d)");
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
byte[] b1 = new byte[1];
Matcher m = OCTAL.matcher(s);
while (m.find()) {
    String replacement = m.group(): // default original
    try {
        b1[0] = (byte)Integer.parseInt(m.group(1), 8);
        replacement = new String(b1, "ISO-8859-15");
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        //...
    }
    m.appendReplacement(sb, replacement);
}
m.appendTail(sb);
s = sb.toString();


Vagrant Fury Free Download - Ocean of Games !
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Microsoft Azure with be the service provider for the Australian Security Intelligence Organization as it develops a top secret ETP.
The Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO) has kicked-off a technology transformation that will encompass the entire organization. To help drive the modernization, the intelligence agency wants to tap Microsoft's Azure cloud services.
However, other cloud companies could be part of the transformation as ASIO is seeking "one or more" service providers. The organization is reported to want Microsoft Azure to drive the first phase of the project.
Microsoft Azure will be used across the protected, secret, and top-secret classifications.
Eventually, ASIO wants to develop integrated technologies across the organization and has published a request for expression of interest (EOI) on six packages.
"ASIO is undergoing a large-scale transformation in order to continue to succeed in a complex environment. The transformation affects all aspects of ASIO's business including technology, data, people, capabilities, processes, and culture," the EOI documents read.
System integrated services will allow ASIO to "develop greenfield solutions and run the technology platform/s as part of an integrated team, leveraging their IT service delivery and management experience to implement ASIO's vision".
Among the developments ASIO wants is a new enterprise technology platform (ETP). This will serve as the backbone of the organization's core data platform (CDP) allowing staff to access more data efficiently.
Ironically, Microsoft's apparent deal with ASIO comes just weeks after the company's chief lawyer argued Australian laws are pushing tech companies away.
Microsoft president and chief lawyer Brad Smith has said governments and major companies will not want to store data in Australia's anymore. Smith says the country's new encryption legislation means organizations are "no longer comfortable".
Last year, the Australian government passed new data encryption laws. Under the law, tech companies are mandated to give authorities access to their encrypted messages.


Abstract: The economic control of the subsystem of heat energy production consists both in economical distribution of load between individual cooperating sources inclusive of economical distribution of load between individual production units inside the sources, for so called operational variant in the source, and further also in determining suitable operational structure of cooperating sources and in determining suitable economically based starting and stopping production units or possibly also the complete sources. The aim of the paper is description one of solution of optimal distribution of load between cooperating production units in the source of heat to optimization of production of heat and electricity. It is created of non-linear mathematical model of heat source for production of heat and electricity. It was used historical and modified data, from the heat and power plant Brno, to creation the mathematical model. The mathematical model is used to determination of load distribution of individual production units and further to determination of the so called dependent and independent electricity that is produced by individual turbo-generator. Described problem of optimization is solved via chosen method of optimization.
NAVRÁTIL, Pavel, Libor PEKAŘ a Jindřich KLAPKA. Load distribution of heat source in production of heat and electricity. International Energy Journal [online]. 2017, vol. 17, iss. 3, s. 99-111. [cit. 2019-04-21]. ISSN 1513-718X. Dostupné z: http://rericjournal.ait.ac.th/index.php/reric/article/view/1667/646.


text:
require 'spec_helper'

module VSphereCloud
  describe FileProvider, fake_logger: true do
    subject(:file_provider) do  described_class.new(client: client,
      http_client: http_client, vcenter_host: vcenter_host, retryer: retryer)
    end

    let(:http_client) { double('fake-rest-client') }
    let(:vcenter_host) { 'fake-vcenter-host' }
    let(:retryer) { Retryer.new }
    let(:client) { instance_double('VSphereCloud::VCenterClient') }
    let(:datacenter_name) { 'fake-datacenter-name 1' }
    let(:path) { 'fake-path' }
    let(:datastore) {
      instance_double('VimSdk::Vim::Datastore',name: 'fake-datastore-name 1')
    }
    let(:host) { instance_double('VimSdk::Vim::HostSystem', name: 'host')}
    let(:ticket) {
      instance_double('VimSdk::Vim::SessionManager::GenericServiceTicket', id: 'ticket')
    }
    before do
      allow(file_provider).to receive(:get_healthy_host).with(anything).and_return(host)
      allow(file_provider).to receive(:get_generic_service_ticket).with(anything).and_return(ticket)
      allow(retryer).to receive(:sleep)
    end

    describe '#fetch_file' do
      it 'first tries to get file from datastore via a host and succeeds' do
        response_body = double('response_body')
        response = double('response', code: 200, body: response_body)
        expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
          'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
          {'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"}
        ).and_return(response)

        expect(
          file_provider.fetch_file_from_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path)
        ).to eq(response_body)
      end

      it 'fails to get file via host and retries to get through datacenter and succeeds' do
        response_body = double('response_body')
        response = double('response', code: 200, body: response_body)

        expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
          'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
          {'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"}
        ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
         .and_return(double('response', code: 401))

        expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
          'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201', {}
        ).and_return(response)

        expect(
          file_provider.fetch_file_from_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path)
        ).to eq(response_body)
      end

      context 'when vsphere fails to issue generic service ticket' do
        before do
          allow(file_provider).to receive(:get_generic_service_ticket).with(anything).and_raise("BOOM : Any Error")
        end
        it 'fails to get file via host and retries to get through datacenter and succeeds' do
          response_body = double('response_body')
          response = double('response', code: 200, body: response_body)

          expect(http_client).to_not receive(:get).with(
              'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
              {'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"}
          )
          expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
              'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201', {}
          ).and_return(response)

          expect(
              file_provider.fetch_file_from_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path)
          ).to eq(response_body)
        end
      end

      it 'fails to get file and raises file transfer error' do
        response_body = double('response_body')

        expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
          'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
          {'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"}
        ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
         .and_return(double('response', code: 401))

        expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
          'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201', {}
        ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
         .and_return(double('response', code: 401))

        expect {
          file_provider.fetch_file_from_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path)
        }.to raise_error(VSphereCloud::FileTransferError, /Could not transfer file/)
      end

      context 'when the current agent environment does not exist' do
        it 'returns nil' do
          expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
            'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
            'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
            {'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"}
          ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
           .and_return(double('response', code: 404))

          expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
            'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201', {}
          ).and_return(double('response', code: 404))

          expect(
            file_provider.fetch_file_from_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path)
          ).to be_nil
        end
      end

      context 'when vSphere cannot handle the request' do
        it 'retries then raises an error' do
          expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
            'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
            'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
            {'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"}
          ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
           .and_return(double('response', code: 500))

          expect(http_client).to receive(:get).with(
            'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201', {}
          ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
           .and_return(double('response', code: 500))

          expect {
            file_provider.fetch_file_from_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path)
          }.to raise_error(/Could not transfer file/)
        end
      end
    end

    describe '#upload_file_to_datastore' do
      let(:upload_contents) {"fake upload contents"}
      it 'first tries to upload file to datastore via a host and succeeds' do
        response = double('response', code: 200, body: nil)
        expect(http_client).to receive(:put).with(
          'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
          upload_contents,
          { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream', 'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
            'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket"
          }
        ).and_return(response)

        file_provider.upload_file_to_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path, upload_contents)
      end

      it 'fails to upload file via host and retries to upload through datacenter and succeeds' do
        response_body = double('response_body')
        response = double('response', code: 200, body: response_body)

        expect(http_client).to receive(:put).with(
          'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
          upload_contents,
          { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream', 'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
            'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket",
          }
        ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times
         .and_return(double('response', code: 401))

        expect(http_client).to receive(:put).with(
          'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
          upload_contents,
          { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream',
            'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
          }
        ).and_return(response)

        file_provider.upload_file_to_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path, upload_contents)
      end

      context 'when vsphere fails to issue generic service ticket' do
        before do
          allow(file_provider).to receive(:get_generic_service_ticket).with(anything).and_raise("BOOM : Any Error")
        end
        it 'fails to upload file via host and retries to upload through datacenter and succeeds' do
          response_body = double('response_body')
          response = double('response', code: 200, body: response_body)

          expect(http_client).to_not receive(:put).with(
              'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
              upload_contents,
              { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream', 'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
                'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket",
              }
          )
          expect(http_client).to receive(:put).with(
              'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
          'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
              upload_contents,
              { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream',
                'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
              }
          ).and_return(response)

          file_provider.upload_file_to_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path, upload_contents)
        end
      end

      context 'when vSphere cannot handle the request' do
        it 'retries then raises an error' do

          expect(http_client).to receive(:put).with(
            'https://host/folder/fake-path?'\
            'dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
            upload_contents,
            { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream',
              'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
              'Cookie' => "vmware_cgi_ticket=ticket",
            }
          ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times.and_return(double('response', code: 500))

          expect(http_client).to receive(:put).with(
            'https://fake-vcenter-host/folder/fake-path?'\
            'dcPath=fake-datacenter-name%201&dsName=fake-datastore-name%201',
            upload_contents,
            { 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream',
              'Content-Length' => upload_contents.bytesize,
            }
          ).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times.and_return(double('response', code: 500))

          expect {
            file_provider.upload_file_to_datastore(datacenter_name, datastore, path, upload_contents)
          }.to raise_error(/Could not transfer file/)
        end
      end
    end

    describe '#upload_file_to_url' do
      let (:url) { 'http://example.com' }
      let (:body) { 'fake-bödy'}
      let (:headers) { { 'Content-Type' => 'fake-header' } }

      it 'uploads specified file' do
        response = double('response', code: 200, body: body)
        expected_headers = { 'Content-Type' => 'fake-header' , 'Content-Length' => body.bytesize }
        expect(http_client).to receive(:post).with(url, body, expected_headers).and_return(response)

        file_provider.upload_file_to_url(url, body, headers)
      end

      context 'when vSphere cannot handle the request' do
        it 'retries and then raises an error' do
          expect(http_client).to receive(:post).exactly(Retryer::MAX_TRIES).times.and_return(double('response', code: 500, body: nil))

          expect {
            file_provider.upload_file_to_url(url, body, headers)
          }.to raise_error(/Could not transfer file/)
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The BGSU Division of Graphic Design, AIGA Toledo, and the AIGA BGSU Student Group are proud to present our 11th Annual Portfolio Review Day on Saturday, May 4, 2019 at Hart in Downtown Toledo. Modeled after our previous Portfolio Review Days, but also ever evolving, we have once again planned an exciting event!
We are seeking approximately 25 design professionals to act as portfolio reviewers. For some of you, we are asking for your time once again, for others, perhaps it's your first time. Either way, if you have the professional design experience, and you're willing to give us your Saturday morning, you'll have the unending gratitude of our student participants. Please sign up using this form.
Registration is open! Sign up here.
Please direct any inquires to event organizer, Jenn Stucker (jstuck@bgsu.edu). Thank you for your willingness to mentor and serve the profession.
To our guests with disabilities, please indicate if you need special services, assistance or appropriate modifications to fully participate in this event by contacting Jenn Stucker, jstuck@bgsu.edu. Please notify us prior to the event.


Peace isn't something you pull out the cash for and buy in one fell swoop. It's something you put a down-payment on and you pay as you go, every day, every day. Some things will change. Some things you just have to work around. Some things you have to work darned hard at. And so it goes.
This was a tough weekend. I'd put this work off for the whole winter. After going through an immense amount of stuff to fit Deb's stuff into my life, I reached an end to what I could deal with and still remain sane. It was a lot. There were only about 6 boxes out on the winterized porch. I'll deal with them in the Spring I said. That was after I'd started to look at the pictures from Deb's family's life. I couldn't see the happy ones. I couldn't bear the missing members, more and more and more and more of them. Later. It was what I could do. No shame there.
But this chilly rainy weekend, the lure of preparing the porch for the return of the sun, outweighed my reluctance to confront the past. And so I sat and sorted. I learned a lot. I learned nothing at all. I remembered, with great searing clarity the turn of a head, the shape of a mouth, what their hair felt like in my fingers. I remembered some other things that weren't so pretty. I remembered again that they were dead.
What I didn't know now, I would never find out.
Not a lot more to say about that, is there?
And some things will be things we encounter, things we are called to act upon. They may be big things, they may be little… but… much of the work we see is ours to do. Not all of it, but a good deal of it. We're the ones to pick the fast food trash up from the alley. We're the one who has to stop to see if someone needs our attention. We're the ones who need to speak up (to the best of our ability) when we see something happening.
We make Peace. With what was and is no more. With what may become and needs our dreams. With what is and demands our attention and our care. It's why we're here. Everyday Peace, done every day.
This entry was posted in The Priestess Is In and tagged creating family, death, hard work, peace, stepping up, work by Ann. Bookmark the permalink.


Contains strong bloody violence, injury detail and scenes of torture. Suitable for 15 years and over.
None. Last shown in UK cinemas on 11th September 2017.
Use our reminder system to get a e-mail when The Age of Shadows is next showing in a UK cinema near you.
Use our reminder system to get an e-mail alert when The Age of Shadows is showing in a UK cinema near you.
Click here to review/comment on The Age of Shadows.


text:
Echo Research and Practice
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DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Congenital hypothyroidism: update and perspectives
C Peters, A S P van Trotsenburg and N Schoenmakers
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) may be primary, due to a defect affecting the thyroid gland itself, or central, due to impaired thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-mediated stimulation of the thyroid gland as a result of hypothalamic or pituitary pathology. Primary CH is the most common neonatal endocrine disorder, traditionally subdivided into thyroid dysgenesis (TD), referring to a spectrum of thyroid developmental abnormalities, and dyshormonogenesis, where a defective molecular pathway for thyroid hormonogenesis results in failure of hormone production by a structurally intact gland. Delayed treatment of neonatal hypothyroidism may result in profound neurodevelopmental delay; therefore, CH is screened for in developed countries to facilitate prompt diagnosis. Central congenital hypothyroidism (CCH) is a rarer entity which may occur in isolation, or (more frequently) in association with additional pituitary hormone deficits. CCH is most commonly defined biochemically by failure of appropriate TSH elevation despite subnormal thyroid hormone levels and will therefore evade diagnosis in primary, TSH-based CH-screening programmes. This review will discuss recent genetic aetiological advances in CH and summarize epidemiological data and clinical diagnostic challenges, focussing on primary CH and isolated CCH.
Genetic determinants of glucose levels in pregnancy: genetic risk scores analysis and GWAS in the Norwegian STORK cohort
Gunn-Helen Moen, Marissa LeBlanc, Christine Sommer, Rashmi B Prasad, Tove Lekva, Kjersti R Normann, Elisabeth Qvigstad, Leif Groop, Kåre I Birkeland, David M Evans and Kathrine F Frøslie
Hyperglycaemia during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse health outcomes in mother and child, but the genetic aetiology is scarcely studied. Our aims were to (1) assess the overlapping genetic aetiology between the pregnant and non-pregnant population and (2) assess the importance of genome-wide polygenic contributions to glucose traits during pregnancy, by exploring whether genetic risk scores (GRSs) for fasting glucose (FG), 2-h glucose (2hG), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and BMI in non-pregnant individuals were associated with glucose measures in pregnant women.
We genotyped 529 Norwegian pregnant women and constructed GRS from known genome-wide significant variants and SNPs weakly associated (p > 5 × 10−8) with FG, 2hG, BMI and T2D from external genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and examined the association between these scores and glucose measures at gestational weeks 14–16 and 30–32. We also performed GWAS of FG, 2hG and shape information from the glucose curve during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
GRSFG explained similar variance during pregnancy as in the non-pregnant population (~5%). GRSBMI and GRST2D explained up to 1.3% of the variation in the glucose traits in pregnancy. If we included variants more weakly associated with these traits, GRS2hG and GRST2D explained up to 2.4% of the variation in the glucose traits in pregnancy, highlighting the importance of polygenic contributions.
Our results suggest overlap in the genetic aetiology of FG in pregnant and non-pregnant individuals. This was less apparent with 2hG, suggesting potential differences in postprandial glucose metabolism inside and outside of pregnancy.
Germline mutation landscape of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 using full gene next-generation sequencing
Rafael A Carvalho, Betsaida Urtremari, Alexander A L Jorge, Lucas S Santana, Elisangela P S Quedas, Tomoko Sekiya, Viviane C Longuini, Fabio L M Montenegro, Antonio M Lerario, Sergio P A Toledo, Stephen J Marx, Rodrigo A Toledo and Delmar M Lourenço Jr
Loss-of-function germline MEN1 gene mutations account for 75–95% of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). It has been postulated that mutations in non-coding regions of MEN1 might occur in some of the remaining patients; however, this hypothesis has not yet been fully investigated.
To sequence for the entire MEN1 including promoter, exons and introns in a large MEN1 cohort and determine the mutation profile.
Methods and patients
A target next-generation sequencing (tNGS) assay comprising 7.2 kb of the full MEN1 was developed to investigate germline mutations in 76 unrelated MEN1 probands (49 familial, 27 sporadic). tNGS results were validated by Sanger sequencing (SS), and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay was applied when no mutations were identifiable by both tNGS and SS.
Germline MEN1 variants were verified in coding region and splicing sites of 57/76 patients (74%) by both tNGS and SS (100% reproducibility). Thirty-eight different pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified, including 13 new and six recurrent variants. Three large deletions were detected by MLPA only. No mutation was detected in 16 patients. In untranslated, regulatory or in deep intronic MEN1 regions of the 76 MEN1 cases, no point or short indel pathogenic variants were found in untranslated, although 33 benign/likely benign and three new VUS variants were detected.
Our study documents that point or short indel mutations in non-coding regions of MEN1 are very rare events. Also, tNGS proved to be a highly effective technology for routine genetic MEN1 testing.
GnRH analog is ineffective in increasing adult height in girls with puberty onset after 7 years of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
I A Franzini, F M Yamamoto, F Bolfi, S R Antonini and V S Nunes-Nogueira
We assessed the effectiveness of puberty blockade with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog in increasing adult height (AH) in girls with puberty onset between 7 and 10 years of age.
We performed a systematic review and included controlled studies in which girls with early puberty (EP) were assigned to the GnRH analog or no treatment groups. The primary outcome analyzed was AH. Search strategies were applied to the MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and CENTRAL databases.
We identified 1514 references, and six studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria. Two studies were randomized and four were not randomized. At the baseline of each trial, height, chronological age, bone age, predicted AH (PAH) and target height (TH) were equal between the groups. All studies used intramuscular triptorelin every 28 days in the intervention groups. The mean duration of the therapy was 2 years. Meta-analysis of AH among the six studies (comprising 332 girls) showed no significant difference between the groups (mean difference = 0.50 cm, 95% confidence interval = −0.72 to 1.73 cm, I 2 = 0%). In a sub-group analysis based on PAH (<155 cm and <TH; <TH, but >155 cm and equal to TH), there was no difference in average AH between the groups. The quality of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was low.
We found no evidence from controlled experimental and observational studies that compared with no treatment, the use of GnRH analogs improved AH in girls with EP.
High prevalence of syndromic disorders in patients with non-isolated central precocious puberty
Selmen Wannes, Monique Elmaleh-Bergès, Dominique Simon, Delphine Zénaty, Laetitia Martinerie, Caroline Storey, Georges Gelwane, Anne Paulsen, Emmanuel Ecosse, Nicolas De Roux, Jean Claude Carel and Juliane Léger
Non-idiopathic CPP is caused by acquired or congenital hypothalamic lesions visible on MRI or is associated with various complex genetic and/or syndromic disorders. This study investigated the different types and prevalence of non-isolated CPP phenotypes.
Design and Methods
This observational cohort study included all patients identified as having non-idiopathic CPP in the database of a single academic pediatric care center over a period of 11.5 years. Patients were classified on the basis of MRI findings for the CNS as having either hypothalamic lesions or complex syndromic phenotypes without structural lesions of the hypothalamus.
In total, 63 consecutive children (42 girls and 21 boys) with non-isolated CPP were identified. Diverse diseases were detected, and the hypothalamic lesions visible on MRI (n = 28, 45% of cases) included hamartomas (n = 17; either isolated or with an associated syndromic phenotype), optic gliomas (n = 8; with or without neurofibromatosis type 1), malformations (n = 3) with interhypothalamic adhesions (n = 2; isolated or associated with syndromic CNS midline abnormalities, such as optic nerve hypoplasia, ectopic posterior pituitary) or arachnoid cysts (n = 1). The patients with non-structural hypothalamic lesions (n = 35, 55% of cases) had narcolepsy (n = 9), RASopathies (n = 4), encephalopathy or autism spectrum disorders with or without chromosomal abnormalities (n = 15) and other complex syndromic disorders (n = 7).
Our findings suggest that a large proportion (55%) of patients with non-isolated probable non-idiopathic CPP may have complex disorders without structural hypothalamic lesions on MRI. Future studies should explore the pathophysiological relevance of the mechanisms underlying CPP in these disorders.
Influence of hormonal functional status on survival in adrenocortical carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis
T Vanbrabant, M Fassnacht, G Assie and O M Dekkers
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis. Many publications in ACC report on risk factors for a poor outcome; one risk factor studied is hormonal hypersecretion (cortisol, sex-hormones, steroid precursors or aldosterone). The aim of this systematic review was to study the association between hormonal secretion and recurrence or mortality in ACC.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane library (January 2018) for cohort studies examining the association between hormonal secretion on overall or recurrence-free survival in ACC.
A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to obtain a weighted relative risk comparing cortisol-secreting and/or androgen-secreting ACCs to non-secreting tumours regarding overall and recurrence-free survival. Risk of bias assessment was performed for all studies included.
Nineteen publications were included representing a total of 3814 patients. Most studies were generally considered low/intermediate risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed higher mortality risk for cortisol-secreting ACCs, weighted relative risk 1.71 (95% CI: 1.18–2.47) combining studies that adjusted for tumour stage; also a higher recurrence risk was found for cortisol producing ACCs, relative risk 1.43 (95% CI: 1.18–1.73). Androgen secretion was not clearly associated with survival (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.60–1.12).
This systematic review and meta-analysis show that cortisol-secreting ACCs are associated with a worse overall survival; future research is needed to establish whether this association points to negative effects of cortisol action, whether it signifies a more aggressive ACC subtype or whether cortisol is merely a prognostic marker.
Long-term treatment with pegvisomant: observations from 2090 acromegaly patients in ACROSTUDY
Michael Buchfelder, Aart-Jan van der Lely, Beverly M K Biller, Susan M Webb, Thierry Brue, Christian J Strasburger, Ezio Ghigo, Cecilia Camacho-Hubner, Kaijie Pan, Joanne Lavenberg, Peter Jönsson and Juliana H Hey-Hadavi
ACROSTUDY is an international, non-interventional study of acromegaly patients treated with pegvisomant (PEGV), a growth hormone receptor antagonist and has been conducted since 2004 in 15 countries to study the long-term safety and efficacy of PEGV. This report comprises the second interim analysis of 2090 patients as of May 12, 2016.
Descriptive analyses of safety, pituitary imaging and outcomes on PEGV treatment up to 12 years were performed.
Prior to starting PEGV, 96% of patients had reported surgery, radiation, medical therapy or any combinations of those. At start of PEGV, 89% of patients had IGFI levels above the upper limit of normal (ULN). The percentage of patients with normal IGFI levels increased from 53% at year 1 to 73% at year 10, and the average daily dose of PEGV increased from 12.8 mg (year 1) to 18.9 mg (year 10). A total of 4832 adverse events (AEs) were reported in 1137 patients (54.4%), of which 570 were considered treatment related in 337 patients (16.1%). Serious AEs were reported in 22% of patients, of which 2.3% were considered treatment related. Locally reported MRIs showed most patients (72.2%) had no change in tumor size relative to the prior scan; 16.8% had a decrease, 6.8% an increase and 4.3% both. In patients with normal liver tests at PEGV start, an ALT or AST elevation of >3× ULN at any time point during their follow-up was reported in 3%.
This second interim analysis confirms that long-term use of PEGV is an effective and safe treatment in patients with acromegaly.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Impulse control disorders in patients with hyperpolactinemia treated with dopamine agonists: how much should we worry?
Maya Barake, Anne Klibanski and Nicholas A Tritos
Dopamine agonists (DAs) represent a cornerstone in the management of patients with hyperprolactinemia and have an important role in the treatment of neurologic disorders, including Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. A growing body of evidence has identified impulse control disorders (ICDs) as possible adverse effects of DA therapy. A variety of ICDs may occur in patients treated with DA, including compulsive shopping, pathologic gambling, stealing, hypersexuality and punding (repetitive performance of tasks, such as collecting, sorting, disassembling and assembling objects). These behaviors can have devastating effects on patients' life and family. In the present review article, we summarize available data on ICDs in patients with hyperprolactinemia as well as other disorders. Possible risk factors for the emergence of ICDs in patients treated with DA are discussed and the putative pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the development of ICDs in this setting are reviewed. In addition, strategies for the early identification and management of ICDs in patients on DA are discussed. In conclusion, a wide variety of ICDs can occur in patients treated with DA, including those with hyperprolactinemia. The development of ICDs can have serious implications for patients' well-being and family. Endocrinologists and other physicians involved in the care of patients on DA therapy must be aware of this potential adverse effect, counsel patients regarding pertinent symptoms and regularly evaluate treated patients for the development of ICDs. Early detection of ICDs and discontinuation of DA therapy can mitigate the potential harms associated with ICDs in these patients.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Estrogens in consumer milk: is there a risk to human reproductive health?
Tomaž Snoj and Gregor Majdič
Possible effects of xenoestrogens on human health, in particular on male reproductive health, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Cow's milk was suggested in numerous publications as one of possible sources of xenoestrogens that could affect human health. Although milk has undoubtedly many beneficial health effects and could even have a role in reducing incidence of some cancers, concerns were raised about presumably high levels of estrogens in cow's milk. In intensive farming, concentrations of estrogens in milk are higher due to long milking periods that today extend long into the pregnancy, when concentrations of estrogens in the cow's body rise. Numerous studies examined potential effects of milk on reproductive health and endocrine-related cancers in both experimental studies with laboratory animals, and in human epidemiological studies. In the present review article, we compiled a review of recently published literature about the content of estrogens in cow's milk and potential health effects, in particular on reproductive system, in humans. Although results of published studies are not unequivocal, it seems that there is stronger evidence suggesting that amounts of estrogens in cow's milk are too low to cause health effects in humans.
Noonan syndrome males display Sertoli cell-specific primary testicular insufficiency
Sophie Moniez, Catherine Pienkowski, Benoit Lepage, Safouane Hamdi, Myriam Daudin, Isabelle Oliver, Béatrice Jouret, Audrey Cartault, Gwenaelle Diene, Alain Verloes, Hélène Cavé, Jean-Pierre Salles, Maithé Tauber, Armelle Yart and Thomas Edouard
Abnormalities in the hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis have long been reported in Noonan syndrome (NS) males with only few data available in prepubertal children.
The aim of this study was to describe the gonadal function of NS males from childhood to adulthood.
It is a retrospective chart review.
A total of 37 males with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of NS were included. Clinical and genetic features, as well as serum hormone levels (LH, FSH, testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and inhibin B) were analysed.
Of the 37 patients, 16 (43%) children had entered puberty at a median age of 13.5 years (range: 11.4–15.0 years); age at pubertal onset was negatively correlated with BMI SDS (r = −0.541; P = 0.022). In pubertal boys, testosterone levels were normal suggesting a normal Leydig cell function. In contrast, NS patients had significant lower levels of AMH (mean SDS: −0.6 ± 1.1; P = 0.003) and inhibin B (mean SDS: −1.1 ± 1.2; P < 0.001) compared with the general population, suggesting a Sertoli cell dysfunction. Lower AMH and inhibin B levels were found in NS-PTPN11 patients, whereas these markers did not differ from healthy children in SOS1 patients. No difference was found between cryptorchid and non-cryptorchid patients for AMH and inhibin B levels (P = 0.43 and 0.62 respectively). Four NS-PTPN11 patients had a severe primary hypogonadism with azoospermia/cryptozoospermia.
NS males display Sertoli cell-specific primary testicular insufficiency, whereas Leydig cell function seems to be unaffected.
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Barney Leaves Pacnet's Door Swinging
May 23rd, 2012 by Rob Powell · 10 Comments
Pacific regional operator Pacnet has an interim leader in place following the sudden departure of longtime CEO Bill Barney. The current CFO, Brett Lay, has taken over CEO duties while the board seeks a permanent replacement. However, given the recent rumors about a bid from Indonesia's PT Telkom, it seems more likely that the search will be curtailed.
Barney's leadership run at Pacnet started back when he took the helm at Asia Global Crossing back in 2002, through the Asia Netcom years, the merger with Pacific Internet, and into today's much different world of Pacific bandwidth. Without his, shall we say, colorful leadership style, Pacnet will surely be wearing quite a different public face. I suspect Barney already has a new gig lined up somewhere though, else why the rush? We shall see soon enough I guess.
As for Pacnet, this turn of events does add weight to the theory that a sale is in the offing. PT Telkom's bid would make a lot of sense for them strategically, but surely there are other large operators in the region with a similar interest - maybe NTT or SingTel for example. Tata sure seems like a good fit, especially after their bid for C&W Worldwide was foiled last month. Level 3? Nah, they don't seem to be looking at APAC in that way just yet.
Pacnet has been busy both with capacity upgrades, building out its 'data landing stations', and integrating CDN functionality from EdgeCast.
Categories: Mergers and Acquisitions · Undersea cables
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Hmmmm..... says:
And good sources tell me Mr. Barney was fired by phone whilst on a European trip with his Head of Public Relations. Neither had time to pack nor were they allowed to return to their offices.
The abrupt departure has the rumor mills hot and Barney's secretary was walked out of the company this morning.
Something major seems to have happened as PacNet's notice of his departure is barely civil.
nivek says:
The PT Indosat deal fell thru last week according to rumour. Mr Barney has sent a brief email to staff from his private email service. No clarity on the reason for his departure though, or on Ms Wong's.
Fired by phone while on a US trip, actually. He was at ITW.
Reand says:
Nope, he was at DataCentres 2012 in France.
No, that was this week (Wed/Thu) and I knew about his departure already on Monday, and I'm hardly close to the situation. The week prior he was at ITW Mon-Wed, 'cos I saw him there. So the firing was somewhere between ITW and DC 2012, but either way it was before DC 2012. anyway, the point is that he's gone, and the rumour mill is saying it was in large part because he was unwilling to sell the company and the owners ran out of patience. If that is true, then the timing of his being let go and the rumours the Telkom deal had fallen through line up.
Anyway, as I said I'm not close to the situation and there's a lot of rumour and conjecture out there, I'm sure the real story will seep out eventually.
Robert Powell says:
If he wasn't CEO by Monday, why did he still go to DC2012?
The idea that it was because he was unwilling to sell the company does sound plausible.
Doubtful says:
What makes no sense is Barney's head of Marketing (Ms. Wong) was let go at the same time. Other than the fact she was a long term BB loyalist why would anyone bother to fire a tier 2 Director at the same time? Why no other Director ?
Barney was out of the country when terminated and it was done by phone Indicating an urgency that couldnt wait 2 or 3 days.
The frustration of the owners is obvious – the rumored offer by Telkom (as it includes debt) is well below what they were looking for in their previous IPO attempts.
Dorley says:
Even if he gets to sell the company, he's still gonna be out. No surprises there. Why his PR head got the axe too is a wonder.
Insider ... says:
Barney went from ITW to DC2012 and never returned to Hong Kong. Same for his Head of PR. However it doesn't seem to coincide with any Telkom activity as Telkom's interest in PacNet was well known for some time and hotly debated internally.
As an aside, insiders weight the odds of a successful sale to Telkom at less than 50:50 as ongoing due diligence seems to be dramatically reducing estimates of PacNet's value and some senior managers think the bid is dead already.
On the push side, the investors want a sale at almost any price. Their frustration is seen in the appointment of an experienced Board to oversee operations and to actively canvass bids not only from Telkom but other carriers over the last months.
What is still not clear is the reason why Barney and his Head of PR were both "exited" at the same time and in such a perfunctory manner. Barney was often heard to say he was too expensive to fire as his golden parachute was so lucrative. That was the standard response to the last 5 years of PE fund management. Maybe something triggered the decision other than the Telkom bid ? Time will tell.
Richard C says:
Just saw the posts … Barney was in London on Monday morning and his departure was announced later the same day in Asia. Obviously it had to be done by phone.
Read the DataCentreDynamics blog … " Pacnet's CEO Bill Barney has left the company in what appears to be an unexpected departure, announced the same day Barney met with DatacenterDynamics in London to discuss the company's Asia Pacific operations."
Still no news on the fate of the rest of PacNet Management and a further downgrade by Moody's on the more than $300mn debt they carry expected this week. Net losses for this Quarter expected to be a little over $24mn and further reducing the value of the speculated Telkom offer which is debt inclusive.


Globe photographer Alex Martinez visited the opening reception for the "TACTILIS" exhibition earlier this month in the George S. & Dolores Doré Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
As a touchable art exhibit, "TACTILIS" was curated specifically for the blind and low-vision community. The exhibit will be on display in the Eccles Art Gallery through Nov. 9, 2018.
"Linear Exploration" by Shawn Owen. The artwork is part of the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition currently in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
"Linear Exploration" by Shawn Owen. The piece is part of a tactile art exhibit designed for blind and low-vision visitors.
"Abstraction" is one of the tactile art pieces on display in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus. The "TACTILIS" exhibit allows visitors to touch every piece.
"Abstraction" is part of the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition currently on display in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
"Black Moon" is one of the tactile art pieces on display in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus. The "TACTILIS" exhibit is open through Nov. 9.
"Garden of Eden" by Barbara Tyler. The piece is part of the "TACTILIS" exhibition, now on display in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
"Jump" by Clinton Whiting. The piece is part of the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition, which encourages visitors to touch every piece of artwork on display.
"Moab" by Ben Booth. The artwork is part of the "TACTILIS" exhibition, which is tailored to the blind and low-vision community.
"My Friend Jim" by Suzanne Graham. The piece is part of the "TACTILIS" exhibit, which is geared toward the blind and low-vision community by allowing visitors to touch all of the artwork.
"Sweetness" by Nathan M. Brimhall. The artwork is part of the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition on display in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
"Touchy Triangulation" by Linda Carol Morrison. Part of the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition, the piece is on display in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
"Tridactyl" is one of the pieces included in the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition at South City Campus. Designed with blind and low-vision visitors in mind, the exhibit allows all visitors to physically touch feel the artwork.
"TACTILIS" will be on display through Nov. 9 in the Eccles Art Gallery at South City Campus.
Visitors to the "TACTILIS" gallery exhibition are welcome to look, touch and feel the artwork on display. The exhibit was designed specifically for blind and low-vision people.


Laguna Powerjet high performance fountain and waterfall pump kits contain everything you need to generate powerful water circulation and beautiful water display features, including a powerful PowerJet water circulating pump, riser stem with the unique regulator controller to individually control each of the flows to ensure the correct flow to the waterfall and the fountain. The fountain has two fountainheads options. (3-tier or waterbell style).
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What I loved about Sapiens was how it blended historical events with concepts to make me think. Homo Deus also has a bunch of that, but then goes on to philosophize a little bit more than I'd like (or necessarily agree with) and make predictions, in which I put little stock. I get the blame for not seeing that coming, however, as the book's subtitle does imply predictions are on the way. But I couldn't have foreseen how silly the predictions would be, at least to me. But of course they are possible...as is every other possibility.
The first part of the book is pretty great though. Harari discusses the species hierarchy on earth, and what separates humans from animals according to various civilizations, including our own. He explores the at-times symbiotic relationship between religion and science. Once again, I learnt a lot about history.
If you're a Sapiens fan, you may also enjoy Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow . If you've never read Harari before, read Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind first.
Agreed. It felt more like a forced follow up to Sapiens; I should've seen it coming and I couldn't even finish the book.


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"To Act or Not to Act" - Join the WA SHAKESPEERS theatre group!
Last updated by kprzemek on 2017-11-21. Originally submitted by tomski on 2017-11-17.
"To act or not to act?" If you answered with the former, we invite you to join the WA theatre group! Write to us at washakespeers@gmail.com or visit WA Shakespeers on Facebook. Our meetings will take place on Tuesdays at 6:00 p.m. in room 233, Collegium Chemicum.


text:
Q: Is tensor a left adjoint or a right adjoint? It is a well known fact that the tensor functor preserves limits. Therefore, by the adjoint functor theorem, it should be a right adjoint to some left adjoint functor (hom I'm guessing). However, wikipedia says that it is a left adjoint here. So I am wondering which one is correct.

A: For the sake of having an answer, and expanding my comments:
To be explicit, let's consider the tensor functor $(-) \otimes_R N$ from right $R$-modules to abelian groups, where $N$ is a left $R$-module. This functor is left adjoint to the hom functor $\text{Hom}_{\mathbb{Z}}(N, -)$, and therefore preserves colimits. It preserves limits if and only if $N$ is finitely generated projective; see this answer for a proof.
The well-known fact is that tensoring preserves direct limits. "Direct limits" are actually colimits, and in more modern terminology would be referred to as directed colimits, a special case of filtered colimits. The confusion here comes from the fact that "direct limit" is old terminology and actually predates the modern terminology of colimits and limits.
My preference here is to never use the terms "direct limit" or "inverse limit," precisely because they cause this confusion, and to instead use the modern terms "directed colimit" and "codirected limit."


Amerians travelling to Bulgaria do not need Visas if their stay is less than 30 days.
In order to travel to and within Bulgaria the nationals of all countries need a passport valid until at least six months after the date of departure. You do not have to produce a return ticket on arrival. On arrival, however, all visitors have to register at the hotel or guesthouse they are staying at, or, when visiting friends or camping, at the nearest police station.
It is also helpful to register with the embassy of your country on arrival, so that they are prepared to assist you in case of medical or legal emergencies. Your embassy can also provide you with a list of addresses of English-speaking facilities, such as doctors and pharmacies.
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Nationals of Australia, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Iceland, Israel, Kuwait, Liechtenstein, Norway, New Zealand, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Switzerland, South Africa, Taiwan, UAE, Canada and Japan can visit Bulgaria without a visa if they have pre-arranged a tour of at least three day's duration with Balkantourist or any other authorised agent. Visas are free (but do need to be applied for) to nationals of China, Cyprus, North Korea and Zimbabwe. There are various types of visas, all varying in price.
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text:
Bollywood Hungama » News » Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-leela Movie
Gulshan Devaiah plays negative role in Ramleela
Updated: Mar 13, 2016 - 02:35 IST
Gulshan Devaiah who received praises for his role in Shaitan, will be seen in an all new avatar in Sanjay Leela Bhansali's Ramleela. The talented actor plays the antagonist in the movie.
Gulshan essays the character of 'Bhavani' in the movie. Talking about his character, Gulshan says, "Bhavani is a prominent member of the Jadeja clan who are of Chandrivanshi Rajput descent living in modern day Kutch Gujarat. The exact attributes of the character and his contribution to the plot is something I cannot divulge in but let's just say he has enough shades of grey and is nothing like I have done this far in my career ." He further adds, "I am very excited to be a part of the film as I have grown up watching Sanjay Leela Bhansali's films and I am overwhelmed by the greatness of the man."
Gulshan has already shot for the film. The movie is slated to release on November 15, 2013
More Pages: Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-leela Box Office Collection , Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-leela Movie Review
Tags : Gulshan Devaiah, Gulshan Devaiya, Ramleela, Sanjay Leela Bhansali