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Законодательство об оружии в США — совокупность правовых актов, регулирующих доступ к оружию граждан этого государства. В Соединённых Штатах доступ к оружию регулируется рядом федеральных законов. Эти законы охватывают производство, торговлю, владение, передачу, учёт, транспортировку и уничтожение огнестрельного оружия, боеприпасов и принадлежностей к огнестрельному оружию. Их соблюдение обеспечивается несколькими государственными агентствами, включая Федеральное бюро по алкоголю, табаку, огнестрельному оружию и взрывчатым веществам (ATF).

Помимо федеральных законов об оружии, правительства всех штатов и некоторые местные органы власти выпустили свои собственные законы, регулирующие использование огнестрельного оружия.

Право на хранение и ношение оружия защищено Второй поправкой к Конституции Соединенных Штатов, хотя четких постановлений федерального суда, определяющих это право, не было до тех пор, пока Верховный суд США не постановил, что эта поправка защищает право любого человека хранить и носить оружие без связи. со службой в милиции для традиционно законных целей, таких как самооборона дома, в деле Округ Колумбия против Хеллера (2008 г.).

Вслед за этим Верховный суд подтвердил в деле Макдональд против города Чикаго (2010), что Вторая поправка включена в пункт о надлежащей правовой процедуре Четырнадцатой поправки и, таким образом, применяется к законам штата и местным законам, а также к федеральным законам.

Основные федеральные законы об оружии
Большинство федеральных правовых норм об оружии содержится в следующих законах:

 National Firearms Act («NFA») (1934): Регулирует налогобложение производства и передачи оружия относящегося к «Разделу II», такого как пулеметы, короткоствольные винтовки и дробовики, тяжелое оружие, взрывоопасные боеприпасы, глушители, а также замаскированное или самодельное огнестрельное оружие, а также обязывает их регистрировать.
 Federal Firearms Act of 1938 («FFA»): Требует, чтобы производители, импортеры и продавцы огнестрельного оружия имели Федеральную лицензию на огнестрельное оружие (FFL). Запрещает передачу огнестрельного оружия определенным классам людей, например осужденным преступникам.
 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (1968): Запрещает торговлю пистолетами через границы штатов, минимальный возраст для покупки пистолетов увеличен до 21 года.
 Gun Control Act of 1968 («GCA»): Основное внимание уделяется регулированию торговли через границы штатов огнестрельным оружием путем общего запрета передачи огнестрельного оружия между штатами, за исключением лицензированных производителей, дилеров и импортеров.
 Firearm Owners Protection Act («FOPA») (1986): Пересмотрен и частично отменен Закон о контроле за огнестрельным оружием 1968 года. Запрещена продажа гражданским лицам автоматического огнестрельного оружия, изготовленного после даты принятия закона. Требуется разрешение ATF на передачу автоматического огнестрельного оружия.
 Undetectable Firearms Act (1988): Эффективно криминализирует, за некоторыми исключениями, производство, импорт, продажу, пересылку, доставку, владение, передачу или получение огнестрельного оружия с содержанием металла менее 3,7 унций.
 Gun-Free School Zones Act (1990): Запрещает посторонним лицам сознательно находиться с огнестрельным оружием в месте, про которое им достоверно известно, или имеются разумные основания полагать, является школьной зоной.
 Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (1993): Требует проверки биографических данных большинства покупателей огнестрельного оружия, в зависимости от продавца и места продажи.
 Federal Assault Weapons Ban (1994—2004): Запрещены полуавтоматы, похожие на штурмовое оружие, и устройства подачи боеприпасов большой емкости. Срок действия закона истек в 2004 году.
 Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act (2004): Предоставляет сотрудникам правоохранительных органов и бывшим сотрудникам правоохранительных органов право скрытого ношения огнестрельного оружия в любой юрисдикции США, независимо от законов штата или местных законов, за некоторыми исключениями.
 Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (2005): Предотвращает привлечение производителей огнестрельного оружия и лицензированных дилеров к ответственности за небрежность в случае совершения преступлений с их продукцией.

Общая характеристика действующих правил
Лицам, находящимся в розыске, лицам, осужденным за уголовное преступление с лишением свободы на срок более 1 года, в прошлом или настоящем, и тем, кто был принудительно помещен в психиатрическую лечебницу, запрещается покупать огнестрельное оружие; если их права не восстановлены. В конституциях 44 штатов есть положения, аналогичные Второй поправке к Конституции Соединенных Штатов, которая защищает право на хранение и ношение оружия. Исключение составляют Калифорния, Айова, Мэриленд, Миннесота, Нью-Джерси и Нью-Йорк. В Нью-Йорке, однако, законы о гражданских правах содержат положение, практически идентичное Второй поправке. Кроме того, Верховный суд США постановил в деле «Макдональд против Чикаго», что защита Второй поправки о хранении и ношении оружия для самообороны в своем доме применима и против правительств штатов и их политических подразделений.

История

Важные события, касающиеся законодательства об оружии, произошли в последующие годы:

 В 1791 году был ратифицирован Билль о правах Соединенных Штатов, который включал вторую поправку к Конституции Соединенных Штатов, в которой говорилось, что «хорошо регулируемая милиция, необходима для безопасности свободного государства, право народа на хранение и ношение оружия не должно нарушаться».

 В 1934 году президентом Франклином Д. Рузвельто был подписан Национальный закон об огнестрельном оружии («NFA»), имевший целью целью обуздать насилие, распространившееся в эпоху сухого закона в США . В период с 1920 по 1933 год уровень убийств в Соединенных Штатах рос из года в год, что свидетельствует о непреднамеренных последствиях введения законодательного запрета спиртного в виде сопутствующего насилия, связанного с превращением нелегального товара в широко востребованный продукт.  NFA считается первым федеральным законом, обеспечивающим контроль над огнестрельным оружием в Соединенных Штатах. Он устанавливаел налог в размере 200 долларов, что эквивалентно примерно 3942 долларам в 2022 году, на производство и передачу оружия согласно Разделу II. Он также предписывал регистрацию пулеметов, короткоствольных винтовок и дробовиков, тяжелого оружия, взрывоопасных предметов, глушителей и замаскированного или самодельного огнестрельного оружия. Когда запрет на алкоголь был окончательно отменен в 1933 году и монополия на алкоголь, поддерживаемая организованной преступностью, была прекращена, уровень убийств значительно снизился. Фактически, «... количество убийств продолжало уменьшаться каждый год в течение одиннадцати лет подряд [после отмены сухого закона]».

 В 1938 году президент Франклин Д. Рузвельт подписал Федеральный закон об огнестрельном оружии 1938 года («FFA»), согласно которому все предприятия, связанные с оружием, должны иметь Федеральную лицензию на огнестрельное оружие (FFL).

 В 1939 году в судебном деле Соединенные Штаты против Миллера Верховный суд Соединенных Штатов постановил, что Конгресс может регулировать продажу обрезов между штатами посредством Национального закона об огнестрельном оружии 1934 года, посчитав, что такое оружие не имеет разумного отношения к эффективность хорошо организованной милиции.

 В 1968 году, после серии политических убийств, включая убийство Джона Ф. Кеннеди, убийство Роберта Ф. Кеннеди и убийство Мартина Лютера Кинга-младшего, президент Линдон Б. Джонсон подтолкнул Конгресс к принятию Закона о контроле над оружием 1968 г. ("GCA"). Этот закон заменил FFA. Им было введено регулирование оборота «разрушающих устройств» (такие как бомбы, мины, гранаты и другие взрывчатые устройства), расширено определение пулемета, введено требование наличия серийного номера у произведенного или импортированного оружия, запрещён импорт оружия военного типа и введён минимальный возраст 21 год при покупке пистолета у продавцов, имеющих федеральную лицензию на огнестрельное оружие. GCA также запретил продажу огнестрельного оружия преступникам и психически больным.

 В 1986 году, вопреки духу предшествующего законодательства об оружии, Закон о защите владельцев огнестрельного оружия («FOPA»), принятый при администрации Рональда Рейгана, ввел в действие меры защиты владельцев оружия. Он запретил создание национального реестра данных о владельцах оружия, ограничил проверки владельцев оружия со стороны Бюро алкоголя, табака, огнестрельного оружия и взрывчатых веществ одной плановой ежегодной проверкой (если не было замечено и задокументировано множественных нарушений), разрешил лицензированным дилерам продавать огнестрельное оружие на «оружейных выставках» в своем штате и ослабил правила продажи и передачи боеприпасов. Однако FOPA также запретил владение или передачу гражданским лицам пулеметов, произведенных после 19 мая 1986 г., и переопределил понятие «глушитель», включив в него детали глушителя.

 В 1993 году при президенте Билле Клинтоне был подписан Закон Брейди о предотвращении насилия с применением огнестрельного оружия, названный в честь пресс-секретаря Белого дома, получившего инвалидность во время покушения на Рональда Рейгана. Этот закон требовал, чтобы при покупке оружия проводилась проверка личности покупателя оружия, и была создана и внедрена система проверки криминального прошлого, поддержание которой поручалось ФБР.

 В 1994 году Биллом Клинтоном был подписан Закон о борьбе с насильственными преступлениями и обеспечении правопорядка, который включал Федеральный запрет на штурмовое оружие, фактически запрещавший производство, продажу и хранение специального штурмового оружия военного образца, такого как винтовка AR-15. Закон запрещал магазины для боеприпасов большой емкости, вмещающие более 10 патронов. Запрещенное законом оружие, которым его обладатели на момент принятия закона владели на легальных основаниях, осталось в их собственности. Запрет истек в сентябре 2004 года.

 В 2003 году поправка Тиарта, предложенная членом Палаты Представителей от Канзаса Тоддом Тиартом, ограничила возможности Бюро алкоголя, табака, огнестрельного оружия и взрывчатых веществ по раскрытию информации из его базы данных отслеживания огнестрельного оружия только правоохранительным органам или прокуратуре в связи с уголовным расследованием. Эта поправка исключает использование трасологических данных из базы бюро в академических исследованиях об использовании оружия в преступной деятельности и в превентивной розыскной деятельности полицейских, не связанной с конкретным уголовным расследованием. Кроме того, она запрещает использование любых данных из этой базы, опубликованных на законных основаниях, в гражданских исках против продавцов или производителей оружия. До принятия поправки, информация из базы Бюро могла быть получена простым запросом со стороны любого лица, сделанным на основании Закона о свободе информации.

 В 2005 году при президенте Джордже Буше-младшем был подписан Закон о защите законной торговли оружием. Этот закон защищал производителей оружия от гражданских исков на федеральном уровне или уровне штата со стороны тех, кто стал жертвой преступлений, связанных с оружием, произведенным этой компанией-производителем.

 В 2008 году Верховный суд постановил в деле Округ Колумбия против Хеллера, что Вторая поправка является «личным правом на владение огнестрельным оружием, не связанным со службой в милиции», и отменил действовавший в Вашингтоне, округ Колумбия запрет на огнестрельное оружие. Но Верховный суд также заявил, что «право на ношение оружия не является неограниченным и что оружие и владение им будут по-прежнему регулироваться».

 В 2010 году Верховный суд постановил в деле Макдональд против Чикаго, что Вторая поправка является инкорпорированной, таким образом, апелляция к ней может применяться в судебных процессах против штатов.

 В 2016 году Верховный суд постановил в деле Каэтано против Массачусетса, рассматривавшего законность владения электрошокером, что «Вторая поправка распространяется, пока не будет убедительно обосновано обратное, на все инструменты, являющиеся носимым оружием, даже на те их типы, которых не существовало на момент основания США».

Вторая поправка
Право на хранение и ношение оружия в Соединенных Штатах защищено Второй поправкой к Конституции США . Хотя о характере этого права велись спорные дебаты, четких постановлений федерального суда, определяющих это право, не было до двух дел Верховного суда США: округ Колумбия против Хеллера (2008 г.) и Макдональд против города Чикаго ( 2010).

Индивидуальное право на владение оружием для личного пользования было подтверждено в знаменательном решении округа Колумбия против Хеллера в 2008 году, которое отменило запрет на огнестрельное оружие в федеральном округе Колумбия . В решении по делу Хеллера мнение большинства суда гласило, что Вторая поправка защищает «право законопослушных и ответственных граждан использовать оружие для защиты очага и дома».

При этом, выражая мнение большинства, судья Верховного суда Антонин Скалиа указывал, что Вторая поправка не обеспечивает неограниченное право:

Лица, которым разрешено владеть оружием в США
Следующие лица имеют право владеть и владеть огнестрельным оружием в Соединенных Штатах, хотя применяются дополнительные ограничения:

 Граждане США
 Американцы, но не граждане Соединенных Штатов
 Законные постоянные жители США (также известные как держатели грин-карт)
 Иностранцы (или иностранные граждане), законно допущенные в Соединенные Штаты в качестве беженцев
Иностранцы (или иностранные граждане), которые были допущены в Соединенные Штаты на законных основаниях по неиммиграционным визам[30], но только если они подпадают под одно из следующих условий:
 допущенные в Соединенные Штаты для законной охоты или спортивных целей
 имеющие законную охотничью лицензию или разрешение, выданное любым штатом США
 официальные представители иностранного правительства, аккредитованного при правительстве Соединенных Штатов, или представительства правительства при международной организации, штаб-квартира которой находится в Соединенных Штатах, или направляющиеся в или из другой страны, в которой аккредитован этот иностранец

Примечания

Огнестрельное оружие
Оружейное законодательство США
Оружейная политика


text:
Events April 23, 2016 April 23, 2016
Bowtie Parcel: Playing hooky to listen
During this weekend's middle river section cleanup, I decided to walk off the beaten path in search of a fishing line recycler at Bowtie Parcel. I'd never spent any time at the oddly named area, but the sky was clear, the wind, light, as I walked across an inauspicious patch of land.
Conservation corps. members unloaded the latest haul of garbage from a flatbed into a large debris container. As I walked, the desert sand underfoot felt ugly and crunchy, threatening, not anything like the beautiful Marsh Park that lies almost directly across the river.
Squinting into unrelenting sunshine, I zeroed in on a distant sign, and as I approached remembered exactly where I was — the beginning of the Bowtie Interpretive Walk. At last, I'd made it.
Last year, during one of FoLAR's fish study outings to Long Beach, I'd met a fisher who was obviously new to the game. He held his tenkara rod in the way we all did at some point earlier in our fishing avocations: pridefully, tentatively, respectfully, as if he didn't quite know yet what it was capable of, nor what it might coax from his spirit. I envied him in that moment, because, for me, discovering fly fishing was the beginning of true love. As with all true loves, it still is.
Rosten Woo, the artist, had invited me to tour his interpretive walk months ago, but because of work schedules and the vagaries of a Los Angeles life, I'd not met his invitation, yet here I was, finding it, while playing a bit of cleanup hooky.
I'd been intrigued by his description: numbered signs set up along an urban path with the innovative use of SoundCloud for the audio tour. Bring headphones, he'd said, so that you could really hear what's going on.
Sans headphones, yet enjoying the 30-minute urban audio tour today, I learned that California State Parks purchased this section — shaped like a bowtie — from Union Pacific Railroad for almost $11 million in 2003. The plan is to weave its 10-plus acres into an 100-acre park.
As the tour unfolded over more than 40 minutes and a mile of walking, I learned many things:
— Pine trees hate palm trees. Odd as that sounds, there's a reason why.
— Eventually L.A. will be "palm less" again.
— Monarch butterflies need native milkweed to survive.
— Vapors from train cleanings long ago may or may not seep up through the soil
— NEIS means "North East Interceptor Sewer" and may hold the key to the park's future.
— The first and most vocal proponents of native horticulture — the Nazis.
And that wasn't even halfway through the walk.
Eventually, the audio tour ended and I found that fishing line container, scarred by graffiti, but there, all the same, a lonely sentinel and reminder not to ruin what we are gifted. And as I gazed at the river's fluttering water down the riprap, it was like looking into the future.
Don't ever believe we can't have what we want from our politicians, our urban planners, our dedicated dreamers. We very ordinary folk want this river to be returned to our city. And anyone who can squint, as Rosten did, easily sees why.
A freight train roars by a graffiti-covered container in the currently desolate river section know as the Bowtie Parcel. (Jim Burns)
Filed under: 27th Annual Great Los Angeles River Cleanup, Bowtie Parcel Nature Walk, Rosten Woo
Calendar Item: Sign up for this weekend's LA River clean up
Volunteer opportunity: How hot is the LA River?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Seriously, this is one to grab a copy of ASAP. Set in the present day, with flashbacks to life as children, we meet Primrose (now, Hazel) who is on a getaway break over the New Year's period. All is, relatively, well in the hotel until a child goes missing.
Not a big deal, I hear you say. Sounds like the premise of an interesting murder-mystery, right? Until you find out that Hazel was given her new name because her sister, Laurel, was found guilty of the murder of a child at the age of 10 (Hazel was 8). Yep. Not good.
And so begins the most intriguing and (at times) disturbing rollercoaster ride this book takes you on.
This book gripped me from the very first page.
I absolutely love the way the Clark-Platts has written this book. The different viewpoints and flashbacks give enough to make you think some outcomes are certain, whilst slowly building a case for the final reveal. I remember finishing the book and feeling both delighted with the ending and annoyed that I didn't spot it – exactly what you want for this type of book.
I also think that the setup is rather unique. Murder committed by young people is often, in books, designed under the trope of "led astray" or "expected due to their upbringing." Whilst the latter may be true to some extent, it doesn't feel like the focus throughout the book. That's an amazing feat for the author to achieve.
I would say that one of the reveals at the end was more obvious and fitted well with the story, but it also worked to draw your mind away from the final few twists that have stuck with me since I read this in November!
Go get this book and let me know your thoughts in the comments below!


After experiencing Sofia's diverse cultural exhibition, laid-back climatic conditions, and various eateries and clubs, several tourists head uninterruptedly to Black Sea Coast resorts of Bulgaria. But it's well meriting traversing closer to Sofia, the capital city to experience a taste of the nation's genuine spirit that's most apparent in countrified villages and towns. Tour unprecedented famous places, wonder at soul-awakening mounts and soak in tangible hot fountains that are all within Sofia day trips.
Weekend getaways or day trips help you add more excitement to your holiday plans! So, how about knowing about a few before you head to Sofia? Have a look!
It is honestly among Bulgaria's most typical signs and one of its most picturesquely designated monuments! Nested among the exalted tips of the tallest hill on the Balkans, the cloister is solely an ethnographic and architectural piece of art to be found at the edge of a spectacular rocky road that devises you breathless on each shift. And if the never-ending assemblage of striking views displayed towards antiquated woods, stiff alpine cliffs, and crystal-water mountain creeks are not sufficient to have you possess your camera out entirely the entire trip, then the complicated series of the monastery obsession, its colorful interior courtyard facade, and genuine environment, are sure to do so. No surprise this place has been segmenting of the UNESCO World Heritage for the mid-eighties.
You can mix up this delightful trip with a simple half-an-hour trek to the tomb of the originator of the Monastery- St.Ivan Rilaski- a profoundly religious place, where few think one can purify their crimes by stepping through a gap in the rocks.
To finish the entire adventure, you should not drop attempting the fresh fish pursuits in one of the various legendary alehouses near the priory.
It claims to be among the earliest continuously resided towns on the planet, along with its comfortable, picturesque atmosphere and enthusiastic vitality, turns it a "must-view" for all the Bulgarian visitors, who are anxious to traverse more than merely the nation's capital.
Looking from one of the town's most symbolic attractions – an exceptionally well-defended Roman stadium, immediately in the center of the town, one can clear their trail via the bright and perpetually recurring "Kapana" region where small studios, craft beer bars, galleries mark each edge.
A sharp rise of one of the 7 mountains, on which the town was formulated about 8,000 years ago, yields a pleasant reward- a striking spectacle of the entire Thracian plain defended by the Rhodope hills, to the South. Graffiti artwork, innovative startups, rising handcrafted art stores, and vibrant carnival program combine with ancient Roman culture of Plovdiv and Revival nineteenth century infrastructure, to form a town with unparalleled grace and a gratified Cultural center of Europe in the year 2019. Plovdiv is also an excellent foundation for other "Sofia day trips" options.
The magnificent 7 Rila lakes have grown to be one of the most charming places for the passionates of touring Bulgarian mountains. Their crystal clear water, the scenic destination at above 2,200 meters and the breath-taking scenery of the encompassing Pirin and Rila mountains, get up for the modest-level effort trek required to tour them. The region is acknowledged a divine and unique spot by the mountain association.
The rise to the lakes starts with a chair lift drive from the city Panitishte range to the "Rila Lakes" cottage. From there it is around 3 to 4 hour trek where you cross all the creeks, and at the end, you approach a tip facing all seven lakes. The journey takes 10 leva single way, and entry to the Rila Lakes doesn't cost anything.
It is conceivable one of the queen-inherent symbols of Sofia in Bulgaria, Europe . You can view it from almost every edge of the town. It is the regional's "Green escape" from the reality of urban life and the fast pace of living in the city. It is by far the most famous choice when the concern comes to half day trips from Sofia.
The tallest peak of Vitosha – Cherni Vran occupies a height of about 2290 meters. You can approach the summit in a single day. As per to the season, one can climb most of the route to the top by car or by chair lift. The last trek, which is about 2 hour, needs an effort of medium-low level as there are no sheer stretches. There is a tiny tea store at the summit where you can take the pleasure of a coffee, beer, pancakes or grilled meat.
Another pleasant spot of Vitosha is the "Golden Bridges". It is not an actual bridge. It is in fact, a gravel river that flows at an elevation of 1,500 to 1,350 meter. The massive stone slabs are overlaid by gold symbionts, which presented them their name. The spot is ideal for short day trips from Sofia. The most straightforward approach to reach here is with a car drive.
The Boyana waterfall route is also a favorite tourist spot in Vitosha Mountain. The trial begins to form the church of Boyana, in the Boyana region of Sofia. It takes around 1.5 hours of modest-level attempt to reach the charming waterfall and grab a few pictures of its crystal clear waters.
It is located in the core of North Central Bulgaria. The town is full of mountains and is picturesquely rolling down the hillsides to the Yantra river, used to be the independent capital city of Bulgaria. As of now, it attracts its visitants with the must-view Tsarevets Fortress – a great Medieval fortress and the foundation of the power of the 2nd Bulgarian Kingdom. An extraordinary ancient craft market square where one can observe how pots, tools, and costumes were formed back in the Ancient era is another one of the town's highlights. Oh yes… and an unbelievably occurring nightlife, with unusual craft beer and cocktail pubs that remains open also during the night. Veliko Tarnovo is also an excellent foundation for day trips around Sofia to some adjacent destinations, such as Krushuna and the Buzludzha waterfalls.
The North-West of Bulgaria frequently gets overlooked when it proceeds to day trips around Sofia. Though, The Belogradchik rock is among the most famous Bulgarian landmarks of nature. Positioned just at the outer side of the Belogradchik town, in the Balkan range's western region, are unbelievable natural configurations, sometimes regarded to as "the world's eighth wonder". The strange yellow-red color carvings mount at 200 meters over the ground and exert up a region of around 30 square kilometers. As per the archaeologists, they have begun creating a few 230 million years before at the sea bottom. Time has sculptured those forming surprising frames, and human fiction has provided them with exciting titles. Even today you can discover various legends about this place, that turs it even more engaging place to tour.
At the very core of Belogradchik Rocks, a superb and quite defended ancient fort called Kaleto, is nesting. The fortification has survived since Roman times, and as of now, it is an artistic exemplar with central greatness.
Sofia, the capital city of Bulgaria, is an excellent foundation to traverse all nearby areas by embarking on Sofia day trips. From nature trails to mountain treks, historical villages, and monasteries, we have discussed above the 8 day trips from Sofia that will surely bring you an optimal level satisfaction and real pleasure being here at Sofia, Bulgaria. So, what are you waiting for? Plan yourtrip to Europe for a soothing vacation amid these mesmerizing places with your friends and family.


The Golden Gate Restaurant Association has refused to drop its lawsuit against the city of San Francisco involving the city's Healthy San Francisco program, the San Francisco Chronicle reports (Knight, San Francisco Chronicle , 4/29). In the lawsuit, GGRA claims that the program violates the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act, which pre-empts certain state and local government requirements regarding employer-sponsored benefits.
Healthy San Francisco was approved in 2006 to provide access to health care services at city clinics and public hospitals for the city's uninsured residents. The program requires private companies with at least 20 employees and not-for-profit groups with at least 50 employees to either provide health care benefits to workers at a cost that meets minimum spending levels or help cover the cost of Healthy San Francisco ( Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report , 3/31).
San Francisco Public Health Chief Mitch Katz last week offered to freeze the employer contribution rates to the program if GGRA would drop the lawsuit. However, GGRA Director Kevin Westlye said that the board rejected the offer in part because Katz could not guarantee how long the freeze would be in effect. Katz said he was open to discussing a permanent freeze ( San Francisco Chronicle , 4/29).


text:
Q: Plotly imshow reversing y labels reverses the image I'd like to visualize a 20x20 matrix, where top left point is (-10, 9) and lower right point is (9, -10). So the x is increasing from left to right and y is decreasing from top to bottom. So my idea was to pass x labels as a list: [-10, -9 ... 9, 9] and y labels as [9, 8 ... -9, -10]. This worked as intended in seaborn (matplotlib), however doing so in plotly just reverses the image vertically. Here's the code:
import numpy as np
import plotly.express as px

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))
fig = px.imshow(img,
            x=list(range(-10, 10)),
            y=list(range(-10, 10)),
            )
fig.show()

import numpy as np
import plotly.express as px

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))
fig = px.imshow(img,
            x=list(range(-10, 10)),
            y=list(reversed(range(-10, 10))),
            )
fig.show()

Why is this happening and how can I fix it?
EDIT: Adding seaborn code to see the difference. As you can see, reversing the range for labels only changes the labels and has no effect on the image whatsoever, this is the effect I want in plotly.
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))

sns.heatmap(img,
            xticklabels=list(range(-10, 10)),
            yticklabels=list(range(-10, 10))
            )

import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))

sns.heatmap(img,
            xticklabels=list(range(-10, 10)),
            yticklabels=list(reversed(range(-10, 10)))
            )

A: You should use origin :

origin (str, 'upper' or 'lower' (default 'upper')) – position of the [0, 0] pixel of the image array, in the upper left or lower left corner. The convention 'upper' is typically used for matrices and images.

import numpy as np
import plotly.express as px

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))
x = list(range(-10, 10))
y = list(reversed(range(-10, 10)))

fig = px.imshow(img, x=x, y=y, origin='lower')
fig.show()

Why reversing the labels doesn't work as expected ?
For single-channel arrays (2d, not rgb), px.imshow() builds a heatmap trace with by default the parameter autorange='reversed' on the yaxis, as "the convention 'upper' is typically used for matrices". This takes form with the following line :
autorange = True if origin == "lower" else "reversed"

The thing is that the autorange feature forces the orientation of the axis : when "reversed", the y's should be increasing from top to bottom (increasing vs decreasing inferred according to input data, not the same behavior with non-numeric strings), which means the yaxis is flipped iff the range of y's is not already reversed, in which case the whole is flipped vertically (any point (x, y) keeps its value). This is what you started with.
Now, if you reverse the labels in y, it actually reverses the yaxis coordinates against the data (values should decrease as y increases), but by doing this, since the y range is now already inverted, the autorange doesn't have to flip the image, so it results in the yaxis being reversed (expected) and the image being not flipped, hence compared to what you started with, the image goes from flipped
to unflipped (unexpected).

Alternatives
In this situation, to avoid any confusion, an alternative to the solution above would be to define a specific range :
fig = px.imshow(img, x=x, y=y)
fig.update_yaxes(autorange=False, range=[-10.5, 9.5])

Or to have the data reoriented beforehand, in which case there is no need to reverse the y's (and even less to specify tickvals/ticktext, unless by preference) :
img = img.tolist()[::-1]    # reverse data
x = list(range(-10, 10))
y = list(range(-10, 10))    # instead of y

fig = px.imshow(img, x=x, y=y, origin='lower')

Output (same for the 3 code snippets)

A: As I mentioned in my comment, the internal representation of px.imshow() is a heatmap. I coded your objective with a heatmap in a graph object. I didn't change this for any clear reason, I just took a different approach because I couldn't achieve it with px.imshow().
import plotly.graph_objects as go

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))

fig = go.Figure(data=go.Heatmap(z=img.tolist()[::-1]))

fig.update_yaxes(tickvals=np.arange(0, 20, 1), ticktext=[str(x) for x in np.arange(-10, 10, 1)])
fig.update_xaxes(tickvals=np.arange(0, 20, 1), ticktext=[str(x) for x in np.arange(-10, 10, 1)])
fig.update_layout(autosize=False, height=500, width=500)
fig.show()

A: import plotly.graph_objects as go
import plotly.express as px

img = np.arange(20**2).reshape((20, 20))
fig = px.imshow(img,
    x=list(range(-10, 10)),
    y=list(range(10, 30, 1)),
)

fig.show()

Output:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The view looking up Overlook Avenue in New Leaksville. The area in the foreground was once the location of a pump that served the neighborhood, known as "Five Forks". To see a picture of the pump, click here.


text:
MCA has opened the 2020-2021 school year with a modified traditional school day. We will need all members of our community to work together to operate safely through this reopening. It is our prayer that conditions will improve, and these modifications will be temporary.
Please understand too that even though we are implementing modifications we will seek to provide an experience for our students that is as normal as possible. We will learn, have fun, love, worship together, and more. We understand how important it is to get our students back in class for learning and their social and emotional well-being and development.
We have provided an overview of the modifications we are making to begin the school year below. Our principals will provide more details for each division in the weeks to come. We will also update you on carline drop-off and pick-up procedures as we get closer to re-opening. Also, please remember that changes with state and local guidelines could alter our plans in the coming weeks.
Daily Health Screenings through the MCA App
Metrolina Christian Academy encourages students to attend classes on campus. Classes are being held on campus with normal hours Monday through Friday. Before and after school care has resumed with health and safety protocols.
However, we also recognize that not every student will feel comfortable to do so, or be able to return to a physical classroom environment. Families have the option to do on-campus or distance learning for their students. If you are interested in the distance learning option, please contact Michelle Ferguson at michelle.ferguson@fbcit.org.
Choosing distance learning to start school is not a yearlong decision unless that is your desire. You can choose distance learning until you are comfortable returning to campus. Distance learners will have the option to schedule in-class attendance by communication with their teachers. They will also be able to participate in extracurricular activities.
Students choosing the distance learning option will be required to attend their classes everyday virtually. Attendance will be taken daily. Access to class remotely will also be available to students who are on-campus but who are out sick.
MCA asks all families to commit to our health and wellness protocols by signing an agreement to keep their student home if they are not feeling well, experiencing COVID-19 like symptoms, or have been potentially exposed. This will also include an agreement to notify us of potential COVID-19 exposure.
MCA asks all families and staff to perform daily temperature checks and answer screening questions of their students before coming to school through the MCA app. If a student has an elevated temperature or is experiencing symptoms, they should stay home. MCA will also be implementing best practices for symptom screening, which will include validating staff/student temperatures on campus as well as all visitors on campus.
A person shall not come to school under any circumstances if he/she displays any one of the following:
New cough
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
New loss of taste or smell
Fatigue, muscle or body aches, headache
*Any person determined by a staff person to meet these criteria during the school day will be immediately sent home or placed in a designated isolation area at school until they are taken home. It is required that parents make immediate arrangements for the pick-up of a child presenting any of these symptoms.
Students or staff with temperatures must be fever free for 24 hours before being allowed to return to school with the new NCDHHS guidelines.
Students with symptoms, exposed to, or have someone in their household test positive for COVID-19, will be asked to notify the school nurse and to quarantine until cleared by a health care provider.
Governor Cooper released an executive order on November 23, 2020 requiring face coverings for all students Kindergarten through 12th grade. The order now includes private schools and it also states that they must always be worn indoors except when eating.
Beginning Wednesday, December 2nd, this order will be in effect at our school. To remain in compliance and keep the school open, we must adhere to the new order. Students can wear masks, shields, or gaiter masks to satisfy the face covering mandate. We will modify this requirement as soon as the health department allows us to. There are also exceptions for students who have medical reasons to not wear a mask - please contact your principal if you have questions about exceptions.
SYMPTOMS, EXPOSURE, AND POSITIVE TEST PROTOCOL FOR RETURN TO SCHOOL
We have worked with NCDHHS on symptom, exposure, and positive test protocols for students and staff. Please read these protocols here.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROVISIONS FOR THOSE OUT OF SCHOOL
Students who miss school because of COVID-19 or other illnesses will have full access to distance learning materials, instructional videos, and classroom support. Attendance policies are being modified to accommodate these issues.
We will provide additional school day cleaning personnel to clean bathrooms, door handles, surfaces, lunchroom spaces, and more daily to promote a healthy environment. All classrooms will be cleaned and sanitized at night. We will also utilize electro-static cleaning.
We have installed an Academy Grades K-12 Health and Safety Coordinator to oversee cleaning, inspections of classrooms, playgrounds, and general safety practices. We have had this position over the years in our Early Education Center and now we will separate this into two positions to ensure we are even more diligent in our approach to safety.
Classrooms desks and tables will be separated as much as physically possible and will face the same direction. We will limit classroom furniture to provide as much space as possible.
We have added tables and desks to provide for more distancing in all age divisions.
We have opened additional units in middle school to reduce class sizes.
We will limit student movement as much as possible with reduced class change including moving elective teachers to students when possible.
We will also utilize outdoor learning spaces at times to provide variety.
We will limit visitors to the campus to those deemed essential and those visitors will be required to wear a mask.
We will provide hand sanitizer stations in hallways and buildings throughout the campus. Hand sanitizer will be available in each classroom. Teachers will promote hand washing throughout the day with students.
We will provide for social distancing where possible using directional procedures in hallways, maximizing room in classrooms for students, and limiting sizes for mass gatherings in lunch and chapel.
You can read updated drop off and pick up procedures here.
FOOD SERVICE AND CAFETERIA
MCA will continue to provide food service options to students daily. The food service staff will continue to follow all recommended safety precautions regarding food preparation and service offered by the local health department. We will limit food service options to items that can be served packaged or pre-packaged. We will issue a menu in a few weeks.
Students will rotate between eating in their classrooms, outside when weather permits, and eating in the cafeteria. Distancing will be implemented. View the modified lunch procedures here. Learn more about our food services program here.
Lower and Upper School chapels will continue weekly and we will allow for proper social distancing. Chapels will be divided into smaller groups that will meet weekly. The groups not in the sanctuary will view chapel in the classroom via video link.
MCA is a part of the North Carolina Independent Schools Athletic Association (NCISAA) and they regulate what sports will play and the timing of those sports. Our student athletes will have the opportunity to compete, but the NCISAA is only allowing limited spectators at games right now - you can read the full NCISAA Spectator Policy here. For the winter season, we will be live streaming all HOME basketball and wrestling events. You can access the live stream on our website here.
For the 2020-2021 school year, MCA is asking all Academy families to perform daily health screenings of their students before coming to school each day through the Metrolina Christian Academy app. If your student will be absent for the day or is enrolled in distance learning, you do not have to submit a health screening.
With the new COVID check health screening tool, you will be asked to log into the app. This is new so all users will need to register as a user to create a username and password.
Instructions for completing a screening via the MCA app are as follows (printable instructions):
Open the MCA app
Click on "COVID Check"
Answer screening questions and enter temperature for each student in your family. Multiple students can be setup by clicking "Submitting for someone else?" and then clicking on "Add More".
Please submit the daily health screening each morning before coming to school (please submit at least 30 minutes before your student's designated start time)
You can also view a video tutorial for registering for an account and submitting daily health screenings here
Troubleshooting Tips:
Check for available updates for the app in the App Store or Google Play Store
If you do not see the login screen when opening the app, click on "My Profile" in the app menu to login
We also will communicate other important information (school closings, events, etc.) through the Metrolina Christian Academy app. If you need technical assistance with the MCA app, please contact our Communications Director, Lindsay Calloway.
Click on one of the buttons below to download the Metrolina Christian Academy app by SchoolInfoApp on your Apple or Android device.
Download in the App Store Download in the Google Play Store
Student Login for Family Portal/LMS
Additional Family Resources
School Update 12.31.20
Health Update 12.7.20
Health Reminders 12.4.20
Health Update 8.24.20
Modified Lunch Plans for 2020-2021 School Year
Parent/Student Cooperation Agreement & Health Screenings
School Update 7.22.20
Instructions for creating a student login for Family Portal/LMS - This is only for Upper School students (6th-12th grade)
Warrior Weekly Devotion 1.15.21
Daily Devotion 1.14.21
Love in Action: January 18-22
Metrolina has a free gift for you! We are always looking for ways to serve you that will help as we encourage the integration of our faith with living and learning. One helpful tool that we have found is RightNow Media.
RightNow Media gives you access to more than 10,000 video Bible studies, conference sessions, and resources on parenting, marriage, discipleship, and more. We are doing this as a school to provide resources for our classes and for all of the families of Metrolina as you endeavor to build a strong family. If you have not activated your account, you can do so by clicking the link below or by texting RIGHTNOW MCA to 41411. Once you login, be sure to check out Metrolina Christian Academy's page to see recommended studies for students and families.
Activate your Right Now Media account
We would love to pray for you, please email any prayer requests to mcaprayerrequests@fbcit.org.
You can access our full list of family resources here.


text:
In de wiskunde is het codomein, of doel, van een functie of afbeelding  de verzameling  waarin de beelden van de functie liggen. Het bereik van een functie is een deelverzameling van het codomein en bestaat uit de beelden van de elementen van het domein.

Volgens de precieze definitie is een functie een drietal , waarin

met de eigenschap dat er voor ieder element  precies één element  is waarvoor .

De verzameling  heet daarbij het domein, of definitiegebied, van de functie , de verzameling  het codomein en de verzameling  de grafiek van de functie. Volgens deze definitie zijn twee functies met dezelfde grafiek, dus ook met hetzelfde domein, verschillend als ze een verschillend codomein hebben. In de praktijk is dit verschil niet altijd belangrijk, als het codomein maar het bereik bevat.

Het is om te bepalen dat een functie surjectief is natuurlijk wel van belang dat het codomein precies is bepaald.

Voorbeelden
Van de functie  gedefinieerd op de reële getallen door:

is  het codomein. Het zal duidelijk zijn dat  geen element van het definitiegebied op een negatief getal afbeeldt, maar wel dat iedere  als beeld optreedt. Het bereik van  is dus de verzameling , dat wil zeggen het interval .

De functie , gedefinieerd door:
,

lijkt veel op de functie . Beide functies beelden een reëel getal  af op het getal . Toch zijn beide functies in de moderne zienswijze niet aan elkaar gelijk, omdat beide functies verschillende codomeinen hebben.

In ons voorbeeld is  een surjectie, terwijl  dat niet is. Het codomein heeft geen invloed op het feit of een functie al dan niet injectief is.

Relaties op verzamelingen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


You are here:Home/Resources/ Bliss-Tyler Correspondence/ Annotations/ Arnold Seligmann, Rey & Co.
Arnold Seligmann, Rey & Co.
Arnold Seligmann, Rey & Co. was the New York City branch, established in 1921, of Arnold Seligmann & Cie. at 23, Place Vendôme, Paris, an art and antiquities dealership. The New York business was located at 11 East 52nd Street, and by 1932 Arnold Seligmann had opened a branch in Berlin on Bellevuestrasse. The parent company, Jacques Seligmann & Cie. was first established in 1880 on the rue des Mathurins in Paris by Jacques Seligmann (1858–1923). In 1900 a larger Galerie Seligmann was opened on the Place Vendôme, and Jacques Seligmann's two brothers, Simon and Arnold Seligmann (1870–1932), joined the business as partners. In 1912, a family quarrel resulted in a lawsuit that split the company. Arnold Seligmann remained at the Place Vendôme location, reorganized under the name Arnold Seligmann & Cie..


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<title>org.apache.edgent.window (Edgent v1.0.0)</title>
<meta name="date" content="2016-11-19">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../../stylesheet.css" title="Style">

org.apache.edgent.window

Interfaces

Partition

Window

Classes

InsertionTimeList

PartitionedState

Policies

Windows

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


4 RH Madeleine Dining Chairs for sale at $100/chair, origionally $148 per chair. Handcrafted of solid oak with antiqued rivets and a hand-caned seat. These chairs are less than a year old — Seller didn't like how they looked in their space. A great chance to get these beautiful chairs without having to pay RH shipping of $199. Prefer to sell all 4 as a set.


text:
Employment and Community Living Issues for People with Multiple Sclerosis
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-152199
Multiple sclerosis: Etiology, symptoms, incidence and prevalence, and implications for community living and employment
Authors: Bishop, Malachy | Rumrill, Phillip D.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This article presents an overview of multiple sclerosis (MS), one of the most common neurological disorders in the Western Hemisphere. We explore the impacts of MS on employment, career development, and community living, and the implications for rehabilitation professionals. OBJECTIVE: The objective in this article is to provide a current and comprehensive review of the etiology and symptoms, incidence and prevalence, and current treatment strategies for MS, and the effects of MS on vocational and psychosocial outcomes. METHODS: This analysis represents a comprehensive review of the relevant medical, vocational, community living, and rehabilitation research literature. …RESULTS: Living with MS is associated with wide-ranging and unpredictable effects on employment, career development, and community independence. Effective responses by health and rehabilitation professionals require a comprehensive understanding of this progressive and complex condition and its psychosocial impacts. CONCLUSIONS: Customized interventions from allied health professionals and rehabilitation counselors that are grounded in the unique features of MS and that reflect current best practices in Vocational Rehabilitation are required to improve rehabilitation outcomes for people with MS. Show more
Keywords: Chronic illness, vocational rehabilitation, allied health, independent living
The employment concerns of Americans with multiple sclerosis: Perspectives from a national sample
Authors: Rumrill Jr., Phillip D. | Roessler, Richard T. | Li, Jian | Daly, Katherine | Leslie, Mykal
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The recent rehabilitation literature does not include a thorough assessment of the employment concerns of people with MS. OBJECTIVE: This article presents descriptive findings from a national survey of the employment concerns of Americans with multiple sclerosis (MS; N = 1,924), representing nine chapters of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. METHODS: Respondents were asked to evaluate 38 employment concerns items on two dimensions, importance and satisfaction, for the purpose of identifying strengths and weaknesses in the employment policies and practices affecting the labor force participation of people with MS. RESULTS: Results revealed a total …of 32 employment strengths and six employment weaknesses. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of a jobless rate of more than 60 percent, people with MS were satisfied with the majority of employment concerns. Implications of these findings for rehabilitation policy and service delivery are examined. Show more
Keywords: Chronic illness, career development, vocational rehabilitation
Employment as a health promotion intervention for persons with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chiu, Chung-Yi | Chan, Fong | Edward Sharp, Seneca | Dutta, Alo | Hartman, Ellie | Bezyak, Jill
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between employment status (no employment, part-time employment, and full-time employment) and functional disability, health-related quality of life, and life satisfaction of people with MS. METHODS: 157 individuals with MS completed a survey packet, including employment status, self-report disability severity, and health-related scales. A series of multivariate analysis of variance was performed to determine the differences between employment groups in health-related outcomes. RESULTS: The unemployed group had the highest levels of incapacity and social impairments among the three groups. They also had the lowest physical health-related quality of life and life satisfaction. …The part-time employed group had the lowest levels of depression and higher levels of physical activity participation among the three groups of individuals with MS. CONCLUSIONS: Employment is significantly related to health-related quality of life, and as a result, it should be considered an important public health intervention for people with MS. Show more
Keywords: Employment, poverty, functional disability, health-related quality of life, multiple sclerosis
Quality of life among people with multiple sclerosis: Replication of a three-factor prediction model
Authors: Bishop, Malachy | Rumrill Jr, Phillip D. | Roessler, Richard T.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This article presents a replication of Rumrill, Roessler, and Fitzgerald's 2004 analysis of a three-factor model of the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on quality of life (QOL). The three factors in the original model included illness-related, employment-related, and psychosocial adjustment factors. OBJECTIVE: To test hypothesized relationships between QOL and illness-related, employment-related, and psychosocial variables using data from a survey of the employment concerns of Americans with MS (N = 1,839). METHODS: An ex post facto, multiple correlational design was employed incorporating correlational and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: QOL was positively related to educational …level, employment status, job satisfaction, and job-match, and negatively related to number of symptoms, severity of symptoms, and perceived stress level. The three-factor model explained approximately 37 percent of the variance in QOL scores. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this replication confirm the continuing value of the three-factor model for predicting the QOL of adults with MS, and demonstrate the importance of medical, mental health, and vocational rehabilitation interventions and services in promoting QOL. Show more
Keywords: Employment, chronic illness, mental health, psychosocial
Home functioning profiles in people with multiple sclerosis and their relation to disease characteristics and psychosocial functioning
Authors: Fong, Mandy W.M. | Lee, Eun-Jeong | Sheppard-Jones, Kathy | Bishop, Malachy
Abstract: BACKGROUND: For people with multiple sclerosis (MS), limitations in performing activities of daily living can have a significant impact on personal independence, residential safety, and quality of life. In this study we explored the utility of the Home Functioning Scale in identifying home functioning profiles and generating rehabilitation interventions. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether distinctive and meaningful home functioning profiles could be identified among adults with MS based on Home Functioning Scale scores. METHODS: Home Functioning Scale scores and additional data from a representative national sample of 3,834 adults were analyzed. …We used cluster analysis and MANOVA to identify and evaluate group differences. RESULTS: Three distinct home functioning profiles emerged in the analysis: (1) minimal impairment (31.1% of participants); (2) moderate impairment (52.4%); and (3) severe impairment (16.5%). The three groups exhibited significant differences on demographic and MS related characteristics, perceived cognitive function, perceived MS impact on physical and psychological function, and life satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The profile characteristics of the identified groups are presented and the implications of the results for rehabilitation practitioners and the investigation of home functioning in activities of daily living are discussed. Show more
Keywords: Cluster analysis, activities of daily living
Gender differences in caregiver strain, needs for support, social support, and quality of life among spousal caregivers of persons with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lee, Eun-Jeong | Pieczynski, Jessica | DeDios-Stern, Samantha | Simonetti, Camille | Lee, Gloria K.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Caregivers of individuals with MS may experience unique caregiver strain due to the age at onset and progressive nature of the disease. Additionally, because MS is more prevalent in women, men often become spousal caregivers. However, gender differences in psychosocial adjustment among caregivers have not been fully explored. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in the need for various supports and type of social support needed, caregiver strain, and quality of life among caregivers for individuals with MS. METHODS: 106 caregivers participated in this study. Independent sample t -tests and …multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in strain, need for supports, social support, and quality of life. RESULTS: Analyses revealed gender difference among important psychosocial variables. Specifically, women reported higher levels of caregiver strain, higher needs for emotional support, and higher perceived social support. Additionally, multiple regression analyses revealed an inverse relationship between expressed emotional needs and quality of life for men, but not for women. CONCLUSIONS: MS caregivers experience significant strain that diminishes quality of life. Social support and needs fulfillment can act to buffer this stress; however, results indicate that this varies by gender, with gender differences observed in strain, perceived support, and expressed needs among MS caregivers. The study implications for rehabilitation research are discussed. Show more
Keywords: Caregiving, gender differences, multiple sclerosis
Disease-related and functional predictors of employment status among adults with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Li, Jian | Fitzgerald, Shawn M. | Bishop, Malachy | Rumrill, Phillip D. | Wang, Fangning
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the extent and complexity of its physical, cognitive, and psychological accompaniments, multiple sclerosis has tremendously negative effects on employment outcomes for adults with the disease. OBJECTIVE: This article extends the current understanding of the relationship between disease-related and functional factors and employment status among adults with multiple sclerosis. METHODS: Findings are reported in terms of descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The logistic regression analysis was completed to determine the extent to which disease-related and functional predictors contributed to the overall prediction model for the employment status of adults with MS. RESULTS: …The combined variables explained approximately 33% of the variance in employment status. In addition to three items of the Psychological subscale and 12 items of the Physical subscale, one of the items from the Cognitive Functioning Scale contributed to the prediction of employment status. CONCLUSIONS: The findings emphasize the importance of including physical, psychological, and cognitive functioning variables when predicting employment status among adults with multiple sclerosis. Show more
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, employment, cognitive functioning, psychological symptom, physical symptom
Reviewers 2015
Article Type: Other
Comparison of job burnout and life satisfaction between native and foreign female direct care workers in disability institutions
Authors: Lin, Lan-Ping | Wu, Tzu-Ying | Lin, Jin-Ding
Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is little information about the burnout and wellbeing of institutional caregivers working for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities; information is particularly limited in the understanding of experiences of direct care workers. OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to provide a profile of self-perceived burnout and wellbeing of direct-care caregivers working in disability institutions, and to compare the difference between native- and foreign caregivers. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. We recruited 46 female living assistants of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in two disability institutions in Taiwan. There were 23 subjects …who were local residents and 23 subjects who were foreign providers of labor. A self-administered questionnaire which included scale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were employed in the survey. RESULTS: Findings revealed the local caregivers were slightly higher than foreign caregivers in personal burnout score (PBS) and work-related burnout score (WBS), although there were no significant differences. Those caregivers from foreign countries seem to be slightly happier and have higher life satisfaction than native caregivers. CONCLUSIONS: In order to decrease the burnout and improve wellbeing of caregivers of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, service providers should understand the experiences which caregivers encounter in their workplaces. Caregivers can benefit if they receive appropriate support to improve positive health while working for their service clients. Show more
Keywords: Intellectual disability, developmental disability, burnout, wellbeing, quality of life, happiness
The alliance in psychiatric rehabilitation: Client characteristics associated with the initial alliance in a supported employment program
Authors: Cichocki, Ben
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The therapeutic alliance is associated with outcomes for individuals in psychiatric rehabilitation programs. However, there are no known studies examining factors associated with the alliance in these programs. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether client characteristics associated with the alliance across multiple populations and program types were associated with the alliance for individuals enrolling in a supported employment program. METHODS: Previously collected data were available for 70 individuals served by the single employment specialist in the program. Potential independent variables and the strength of their relationship to the alliance were identified, then further explored using a forward …stepwise logistic regression model. RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of the sample had the highest possible alliance rating. Being older and having a smaller social network size were significantly correlated with a high alliance, but neither remained a predictor of the alliance, controlling for the effects of the other. CONCLUSIONS: Client age and social network size were associated with the initial alliance, though not in a model containing both variables. Low power may have hindered the ability to show additional relationships, and the uniqueness of the program structure limits the generalizability to other programs. Future research should investigate the variables examined further. Show more
Keywords: Serious mental illness, therapeutic relationship, Session Rating Scale
Time utilisation trends of supported employment services by persons with mental disability in South Africa
Authors: Van Niekerk, Lana | Coetzee, Zelda | Engelbrecht, Madri | Hajwani, Zerina | Terreblanche, Santie
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper reports on the second phase of a two-phased study that was undertaken to determine the feasibility of supported employment (SE) as a strategy with which to facilitate the employment of persons with disability in competitive work contexts. The study population comprised people with mental disabilities receiving SE in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. OBJECTIVE: To describe the components of SE utilised by persons with mental disability (i.e. psychiatric or intellectual disability) in terms of type and time utilisation patterns over 12 months. METHODS: Criterion sampling, a form of purposive sampling, was used …to identify 29 study participants - 19 with intellectual disability and 10 with psychiatric disability. Data collection commenced for each participant when a work placement had been identified and preparation for such ensued. Data was collected prospectively for a period of 12 months. SE service components utilised by participants were captured using a data capture sheet that was developed for this purpose. RESULTS: Time utilisation indicated a steep downwards trend for both cohorts. The decrease in utilisation of SE service components over a period of one year was more pronounced in the psychiatric disability (PD) cohort, who utilized almost half the total SE services in the first month. CONCLUSIONS: SE services can be considered as a viable option for return to work in resource-constrained environments. Providers of SE services will need to modify approaches in order to meet contextual realities. Show more
Keywords: Vocational rehabilitation, return-to-work, disability, employment equity, reasonable accommodation
Firefighter injuries are not just a fireground problem
Authors: Frost, D.M. | Beach, T.A.C. | Crosby, I. | McGill, S.M.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Linking firefighter injury reporting to general motion patterns may provide insight into potential injury mechanisms and the development of prevention strategies. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the injuries sustained by members of a large Canadian metropolitan fire department over a 5-year span. METHODS: Data were taken from injury reports filed by career firefighters between 2007 and 2011. Injuries were described by job duty, type, body part affected, and the general motion pattern employed at the time of injury (e.g. lifting). RESULTS: Of the 1311 injuries reported, 64% were categorized as sprains and strains (musculoskeletal disorders …–MSDs), the most frequent of which affected the back (32%). Categorized by job duty, 65% of MSDs were sustained while working at the fire station or during physical training-related activities. Only 15% were attributed to fireground operations. Furthermore, the associated job duty could not differentiate the types of injuries sustained; back injuries occurred primarily while lifting, knee injuries while stepping, and shoulder injuries during pushing/pulling-related activities. CONCLUSIONS: Firefighter injuries are not just a fireground problem. Injury causation may be better understood by linking the injury location and type with motion patterns rather than job duties. This information could assist in developing general prevention strategies for the fire service. Show more
Keywords: Ergonomics, knee injury, lower-back injury, musculoskeletal disorders, prevention
The effect of a knowledge-based ergonomic intervention amongst administrators at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi
Authors: Wanyonyi, Nancy | Frantz, Jose | Saidi, Hassan
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) and neck pain are part of the common work-related musculoskeletal disorders with a large impact on the affected person. Despite having a multifactorial aetiology, ergonomic factors play a major role thus necessitating workers' education. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of ergonomic-related LBP and neck pain, and describe the effect of a knowledge-based ergonomic intervention amongst administrators in Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi. METHODS: This study applied a mixed method design utilizing a survey and two focus group discussions (FGD). A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 208 participants through systematic sampling. A …one hour knowledge-based ergonomic session founded on the survey results was thereafter administered to interested participants, followed by two FGDs a month later with purposive selection of eight participants to explore their experience of the ergonomic intervention. Quantitative data was captured and analyzed using SPSS by means of descriptive and inferential statistics, whereas thematic content analysis was used for qualitative data. RESULTS: Most participants were knowledgeable about ergonomic-related LBP and neck pain with a twelve month prevalence of 75.5% and 67.8% respectively. CONCLUSION: Continual ergonomic education is necessary for adherence to health-related behaviours that will preventwork-related LBP and neck pain. Show more
Keywords: Low back pain, neck pain, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs), posture, exercises
Determinants of job stress in chemical process industry: A factor analysis approach
Authors: Menon, Balagopal G. | Praveensal, C.J. | Madhu, G.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Job stress is one of the active research domains in industrial safety research. The job stress can result in accidents and health related issues in workers in chemical process industries. Hence it is important to measure the level of job stress in workers so as to mitigate the same to avoid the worker's safety related problems in the industries. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the job stress factors in the chemical process industry in Kerala state, India. This study also aims to propose a comprehensive model and an instrument framework for measuring job …stress levels in the chemical process industries in Kerala, India. METHODS: The data is collected through a questionnaire survey conducted in chemical process industries in Kerala. The collected data out of 1197 surveys is subjected to principal component and confirmatory factor analysis to develop the job stress factor structure. RESULTS: The factor analysis revealed 8 factors that influence the job stress in process industries. It is also found that the job stress in employees is most influenced by role ambiguity and the least by work environment. CONCLUSIONS: The study has developed an instrument framework towards measuring job stress utilizing exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Show more
Keywords: Role ambiguity, role conflict, physical work factors, working environment, structural equation modeling
Prevention through Design Adoption Readiness Model (PtD ARM): An integrated conceptual model
Authors: Weidman, Justin | Dickerson, Deborah E. | Koebel, Charles T.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention through Design (PtD), eliminating hazards at the design-stage of tools and systems, is the optimal method of mitigating occupational health and safety risks. A recent National Institute of Safety and Health initiative has established a goal to increase adoption of PtD innovation in industry. The construction industry has traditionally lagged behind other sectors in the adoption of innovation, in general; and of safety and health prevention innovation, in particular. Therefore, as a first step toward improving adoption trends in this sector, a conceptual model was developed to describe the parameters and causal relationships that influence and predict construction …stakeholder "adoption readiness" for PtD technology innovation. METHODS: This model was built upon three well-established theoretical frameworks: the Health Belief Model, the Diffusion of Innovation Model, and the Technology Acceptance Model. Earp and Ennett's model development methodology was employed to build a depiction of the key constructs and directionality and magnitude of relationships among them. Key constructs were identified from the literature associated with the three theoretical frameworks, with special emphasis given to studies related to construction or OHS technology adoption. RESULTS: A conceptual model is presented. Recommendations for future research are described and include confirmatory structural equation modeling of model parameters and relationships, additional descriptive investigation of barriers to adoption in some trade sectors, and design and evaluation of an intervention strategy. Show more
Keywords: Prevention through Design (PtD), technology adoption, construction, engineering controls
Prominent attractive qualities of nurses' work in operating room departments: A questionnaire study
Authors: Björn, Catrine | Josephson, Malin | Wadensten, Barbro | Rissén, Dag
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The shortage of nurses in operating room departments (ORs) in Sweden and other countries can lead to reduced capacity and quality in healthcare, as well as more intense work for those on the job. Little is known about what nurses in ORs perceive as crucial for their workplace to be attractive. OBJECTIVE: To capture attractive qualities of nurses' work in Swedish ORs and take a first step in the process of adapting the Attractive Work Questionnaire for use in a health care context. METHODS: The Attractive Work Questionnaire was completed by 147 (67% ) nurses …in four Swedish ORs. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were performed to determine the underlying structure of the data. RESULTS: Factors contributing to job attractiveness identified in the area "work conditions" were: relations, leadership, equipment, salary, organisation, physical work environment, location, and working hours ; in the area "work content": mental work, autonomy and work rate ; and in the area "job satisfaction": status and acknowledgement . The PCA showed consistency with the original Attractive Work Questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha varied between 0.57–0.90. CONCLUSIONS: Prominent attractive qualities for nurses' work in Swedish ORs were possible to identify through the Attractive Work Questionnaire and the results suggest that the questionnaire can be useful in a health care context. Show more
Keywords: Attractive work, employment, health manpower, job satisfaction, nurse retention, nurse shortage, personnel turnover
Prevention and rehabilitation in Swedish public sector workplaces: Effects on co-workers' and leaders' health and psychosocial working conditions
Authors: Vinberg, Stig | Romild, Ulla | Landstad, Bodil J.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Leaders and co-workers in Swedish public sector organizations are exposed to demanding psychosocial working conditions; more knowledge about workplace-based interventions in this sector of working life is needed. OBJECTIVE: To compare co-workers' and leaders' self-ratings of health and psychosocial working conditions, and investigate how prevention and rehabilitation in Swedish public sector workplaces affects these ratings. METHOD: The longitudinal panel data consisted of 311 individuals (20 leaders, 291 co-workers) at 19 workplaces. Based on questionnaire data, statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U-Test, pair-wise Spearman correlations, a mixed between-within subjects ANOVA and Friedman's test. …RESULTS: Results indicate differences in how the leaders and the co-workers judge their health and psychosocial working conditions. Leaders report work content that is more varied and interesting as well as more possibilities for personal development through work, yet they also report more tiredness, concern over managing their work situation and time pressure at work. Comparisons of mean values for used indicators show some improvements after one year, but also several non-significant or negative time trends two years after the interventions were initiated. CONCLUSION: The study provides some support for experienced differences between co-workers' and leaders' health and psychosocial working conditions in public sector workplaces, indicating the importance of different workplace-oriented prevention and rehabilitation interventions for these two categories of employees. Show more
Keywords: Female-dominated workplaces, interventions, self-rated health, longitudinal design
Serving the food nation: Exploring Body Mass Index in food service workers
Authors: Woodhall-Melnik, Julia | Cooke, Martin | Bigelow, Philip L.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a public health concern in North America. Consumption of food prepared outside of the home is often discussed as a contributing factor. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not Canadian food service workers are more likely to have high Body Mass Indices (BMIs) as compared with the general population, and to examine factors that contribute to BMI in this population. METHODS: Analyses of secondary survey data from Cycle 5.1 of the Canadian Community Health Survey were performed. Descriptive statistics were generated to examine food service workers' risk of having above normal BMI compared to …other Canadians. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors contributing to variation in BMI among food service workers. Analyses were stratified by age. RESULTS: Canadian food service workers are less likely to have BMIs in the overweight and obese ranges than the general population. Stratification by age demonstrated that this decreased risk can be attributed to the fact that food service workers tend to be younger than the general population. As age increases among food service workers, the odds of having a BMI in the overweight and obese ranges increases. CONCLUSIONS: Food service workers in general were not at higher risk for high BMI, but those between the ages of 41 and 64 are at higher risk of having a BMI in the overweight or obese ranges. The findings suggest that proximity to food service outlets may not be the most salient factor in explaining BMI. Show more
Keywords: Food service work, overweight, obesity, Body Mass Index, social determinants of health
Modeling of predictive muscular strength for sustained one-handed carrying task
Authors: Li, Kai Way | Wang, Chien Wen | Yu, Ruifeng
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Manual materials handling (MMH) tasks are common. They are considered major contributors of musculoskeletal injuries and are the sources of financial burden for industries in terms of lost work days and worker compensation costs. One-handed carrying is common and could result in arm fatigue. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish predictive models for one-handed carrying strength considering weight handed and handedness conditions. METHODS: Twenty male subjects were recruited for the study. The subject carried a weight of 6 or 12 kg using either dominant or non-dominant hand lasting a time period of 0, …0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, or 4 minutes. RESULTS: The results showed that handedness (p < 0.0001), weight (p < 0.05), and time period (p < 0.0001) were all significant factors affecting single arm carrying strength. Predictive models of single arm carrying strength were established under handedness and weight conditions. The MADs of these models ranged from 0.39 to 2.19 kgf. CONCLUSION: The exponential function based predictive models may be adopted to describe the single arm carrying strength with reasonable predictive errors. The trend of the carrying strength after carrying a load for a certain period may be employed to describe muscular fatigue for sustained carrying tasks. Show more
Keywords: Muscular fatigue, fatigue parameter, predictive model, musculoskeletal injury
Why do they fail? A qualitative follow up study of 1000 recruits to the British Army Infantry to understand high levels of attrition
Authors: Kiernan, Matthew D. | Repper, Julie | Arthur, Antony
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The British Army has over 100 career employment groups to which recruits may apply. The Infantry is one of these career employment groups; it accounts for 25% of the overall strength. It is of concern that Infantry recruit attrition within the first 12 weeks of training remains consistently above 30% . Poor selection methods that lead to the enlistment of unsuitable recruits have negative financial and personal consequences, but little is known about the personal experiences of those who fail. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to understand why infantry recruits choose to leave and explore …the personal experiences of those that fail. METHODS: This study draws on qualitative data from the second phase of a larger mixed method study. The foci of this paper are the findings directly related to the responses of recruits in exit interviews and their Commanding Officers' training reports. An exploratory qualitative, inductive method was used to generate insights, explanations and potential solutions to training attrition. RESULTS: What the data describes is a journey of extreme situational demands that the recruits experience throughout their transition from civilian life to service in the British Infantry. It is the cumulative effect of the stressors, combined with the recruit being dislocated from their established support network, which appears to be the catalyst for failure among recruits. CONCLUSION: There are clearly defined areas where either further research or changes to current practice may provide a better understanding of, and ultimately reduce, the current attrition rates experienced by the Infantry Training Centre. Show more
Keywords: Work place stress, work environment, recruitment, qualitative analysis, British Army, military, training attrition
A qualitative study of health problems, risk factors, and prevention among Emergency Medical Service workers
Authors: Dropkin, Jonathan | Moline, Jacqueline | Power, Paul M. | Kim, Hyun
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Risk factors among Emergency Medical Service (EMS) workers are difficult to characterize and inconsistencies remain about their main health problems. OBJECTIVES: To identify main work-related health problems among EMS workers in the United States; identify risk factors at the organizational, task, and exposure level; identify prevention strategies; examine these issues between participants (EMS workers and supervisors). METHODS: Two types of qualitative research methods based on grounded theory were used: in-depth interviews with emergency medical technicians/paramedics (EMS workers) and focus groups (EMS workers and supervisors). RESULTS: Most participants reported similar health problems (musculoskeletal injuries) …and the task related to these injuries, patient handling. Participants also reported similar physical exposures (ascending stairs with patients and patient weight). For organization/psychosocial factors, participants agreed that fitness, wages, breaks, and shift scheduling were linked with injuries, but overall, perceptions about these issues differed more than physical exposures. Lack of trust between EMS workers and supervisors were recurrent concerns among workers. However, not all organizational/psychosocial factors differed. EMS workers and supervisors agreed pre-employment screening could reduce injuries. Participants identified micro- and macro-level prevention opportunities. CONCLUSIONS: The grounded theory approach identified workers' main health problems, and the organizational factors and exposures linked with them. Perceptions about work organization/psychosocial exposures appeared more diverse than physical exposures. Prevention among all participants focused on mechanized equipment, but EMS workers also wanted more organizational support. Show more
Keywords: Interviews, focus groups, low back pain, exposures, organizational factors, primary prevention
Job dictionaries can make a difference in early return to work (RTW) for workers
Authors: Chinnery, Amanda E.
Author Index Volume 52 (2015)
Keyword Index Volume 52 (2015)


text:
Adlard is an English surname, most common in Norfolk and Lincolnshire, and derived from the given name Adelard as is the more common name Allard.

Notable people with the surname include:

 Charlie Adlard (born 1966), English comics artist
 Mark Adlard (born 1932), English science fiction writer
 Robert Adlard (born 1915), British field hockey player
 Steve Adlard, British footballer

References

English-language surnames


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text:
The Simon and Garfunkel Story is Empire Bound!
One of the UK's biggest and most successful Simon and Garfunkel theatre shows and their full live band come to Blackburn Empire Theatre this May.
Featuring award-winning, West End leading man, Dean Elliott (Buddy Holly in Buddy The Musical) and a full cast of talented actors and musicians, The Simon and Garfunkel Story takes the audience to the 'groovy' 1960s.
The Simon and Garfunkel Story tells the story of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel, from their humble beginnings as rock 'n' roll duo, Tom And Jerry, to their massive success and dramatic break-up, finishing with a stunning recreation of the 1981 Central Park reformation concert.
Using a huge projection screen, the show features both original photos and film footage whilst a full live band perform all their hits including: 'Mrs Robinson', 'Cecilia', 'Bridge Over Troubled Water', 'Homeward Bound', 'Sound of Silence' and many more!
If you're a fan of beautiful music then this is an evening not to be missed!
"Authentic and exciting"
"Storytelling at its best"
Choice Radio
"Wow – they sound uncanny!"
Mike Read, Radio 1 DJ
"Go on, treat yourself to a fantastic evening!"
Victoria Kingston, author of Simon and Garfunkel – The Definitive Biography
Blackburn Empire Theatre presents 'The Simon and Garfunkel Story' on Friday 17th May 2019 at 7.30 pm. Tickets are £18 for adults and £16 for concessions.


text:
Hire Rock And Roll Band in Streatham
Poptop Event Management / Function Music Bands / Rock And Roll Bands / Rock And Roll Bands in London / Rock And Roll Bands in Streatham
Browse Rock And Roll Bands
Get your event in Streatham, Greater London on a 'roll' by booking one of the 178 Rock and Roll bands we have available for hire near you. Among our top requested categories this month: wedding bands in London, jazz bands in London, string quartets in London, swing bands in London, DJ Hire London London, wedding venues in London.
Available in Streatham from £300
Available in Streatham from £enquire
Recent review: Thank you for being awesome at our wedding party. Great music and lively lads!
Available in Streatham from £1250
Sound of the Suburb
Recent review: Having been an avid fan of rock n'roll music for three decades, it was essential that I found a really good band for our wedding. I reviewed over 100 bands over a period of several months and Sound of the Suburb were by far the best. These gentlemen love what they do and they do what they love exceedingly well. They are some of the most pleasant, accommodating, flexible and decent people I have dealt with. When it comes to detail, I make Meryl Streep in The Devil wears Prada look tame. Instead of being put off or irritated, these men relished the challenge of coming up with a play list that would meet my expectations and they did- in spades. Another major benefit is that as they have regular gigs, we were able to see them in action, which was very reassuring compared to trying to make up your mind based on a couple of wobbly videos, which our internet driven, gig economy world attempts to force us to do. The band members have a great deal of experience of such events and so was able to advise on what does and does not work. They visited the venue so we were confident we would not have any logistical issues. They have very good equipment (for which they may need set up time) and provided wireless mikes which were useful for the speeches & our open mike session and also took care of the recorded music between their sets. Most of all, they generate an energy and fun that was infectious. We had everyone from under 9 to over 90 years old on the dance floor, which revealed dancing talents of some guests even their spouses did not know they possessed. Our family and friends had a ball thanks to their efforts, which they do not spare any of to make the occasion memorable. I am, by my own admission, a difficult person to please as I demand quality and thoroughness. This band not just met but exceeded my expectations and I would recommend them unreservedly. Please treat them with the respect such good musicians deserve and they will go out of their way to ensure you have a wonderful event.
Giulia And The Lizards
Recent review: Looking for an awesome band for your party? Look no further. Giulia and The Lizards were such a great find for my birthday bash. They have a great sound - Giulia has a fantastic voice - play great tunes and the right stage presence to encourage your guests to get up and dance - which they did all evening. On top of that, they were so accommodating and just lovely people to work with! Even weeks later, people keep telling me how awesome the band was and where did I find them?! I wholeheartedly recommend them.
Recent review: "Absolute band were ""ABSOLUTELY"" amazing and far exceeded our expectations and truly made the day extra special. Right from the music for the ceremony through to the first dances and the whole set...they were fantastic. They really looked like they were enjoying it too and their enthusiasm didn't falter even on the last song! All of our guests have commented on how good they were and how they made the night. The fact that the dance floor was always full speaks volumes and we would highly recommend Absolute for any event. A heartfelt thank you to Luke and all of the band for a truly amazing performance and for making our day extra special! Anna and Mick Madden, wedding at Old Thorns Manor in Hampshire – 6th August 2017"
Flood the Floor
Recent review: I've been getting lots of feedback from the guests at my party who say that they loved the Flood the Floor band. I loved them just as much as the rest of the guests did! They were fun and knew how to liven up the evening. Contact me sometimes if you ever need a recommendation or reference for anything.
Cleo's Misadventures
About: Cleo's Misadventures play a vivacious and eclectic mix of swing, rock'n'roll and retro inspired versions of modern pop songs. Their quirky arrangements fuse the sounds of the past with songs of...
Carnaby Army
Recent review: The band were amazing! Their performance was brilliant we had so many people commenting how good they were. The communication with the band from start to finish was excellent and they were so helpful with ideas and suggestions if their own and on the day itself they were very accommodating regards last minute changes to the itinerary. I will definitely be booking them again in the future.
All Nighters
About: All Nighters is a group of extremely talented musicians bringing the best rock-pop party music to stages and dance floors up and down the UK. The band is fronted by Sean, our seasoned vocalist, per...
The Ignitions
About: The Ignitions is a group of extremely talented musicians bringing the best rock-pop party music to stages and dance floors up and down the UK. The band is fronted by Sean, our seasoned vocalist, pe...
The Right Hook
Recent review: "The Right Hook played at our wedding and they were nothing short of fantastic! Literally from the first song everyone was up dancing and didn't stop. They created the atmosphere and made it fabulous. From a custom made set list to coming out into the audience and singing! They even let family members do their own songs. Nothing was too much trouble. They were 1st class- every one was saying how amazing they were! The you tube videos and the site don't do them justice. Was the best decision we ever made and worth every penny. Thank you so much Right Hook- you made our wedding!! Xxx
London Jazz&Vintage Band
About: A band playing 1920s/1930s jazzy hits! Trio/Quartet options available Able to play both indoors and outside/un-amplified - please enquire for more details
The Bluejays
Recent review: Booked the Bluejays for our work Christmas party. Everyone (and I mean EVERYONE) was dancing all night. From the youngsters to the old b*ggers like me! Highly recommended!
Lisa & Ronnie
Recent review: I hired Lisa & Ronnie for my wedding and they are an excellent duo playing. They played my favourite music. I highly recommend Lisa & Ronnie for your event. 10/10
The Rhythm and Blues Brothers
About: The Rhythm and Blues Brothers are a nine-piece Rhythm and Blues band with a dedication to paying tribute to perhaps the best showband of all time; The Blues Brothers. So much music these days is...
Fabulous Feedback Band
Recent review: Before event, 2 way Comms excellent. On time, good song list, friendly guys, fine performance.
The Cockney Rovers
Available in Streatham from £250.00
Recent review: Great entertainment, brilliant band, dancing all night, what a fantastic knees up.
Superphonic
About: This fantastic band (also known as "The Headliners") delivers over two hours of the funkiest hits: from 60s soul and rock 'n' roll to 70s disco; from classic rock and 80s pop to the latest hits and...
The Full House
Recent review: I can't say enough good things about the Full House. Their sets were amazing and really got the party going in the evening. A special thank you for learning our first dance song too - it really meant a lot and was performed incredibly. well The guys themselves were really friendly and really helped make the evening for us! I would strongly recommend them.
The Candy Girls
Recent review: "5/5 - JUST AMAZING!! We booked the Candy Girls for our drinks reception at our wedding and the Girls really started our celebrations in exactly the right way, and all of our guests commented on how great they were. If you are looking for vintage singers do not hesitate to book the Candy Girls, you will not be disappointed."
The Headliners
About: The Headliners is one of the UK's leading party bands, providing world-class live music entertainment for corporate events, wedding receptions, military functions and much more. We're proud to ...
The All Night Workers
About: This is a sixties Soul Band called 'The All Night Workers'. The Masters of Memphis Soul! They are a nine piece soul band (three brass) formed in 1966 who played many London clubs and venues around...
Counterfeit Beatles
About: Beatles tribute band the counterfeit Beatles London based,avilable for corporate hire perform globally, Japan, India, Thailand, South Korea, tel 07715131556 email counterfeitbeatles@btopenworld.com...
Forty45
About: Forty45 is a pop/rock covers band based in South West London. Roly, Tim, Scott & Bobby formed the band in 2009 to play play pubs, parties, weddings and any event where a live performance gives the...
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What's required to run Cisco ACI, VMware NSX?
Cisco and VMware offer competing products to bring virtualization to the networking world, and each has a different way to implement the technology.
What are the hardware and software requirements for network virtualization? How is network virtualization managed in VMware NSX and in Cisco ACI?
Traditional physical networks rely on dedicated equipment, which is often proprietary, difficult to configure, and even harder to change once components are put into production. But just as virtualization has brought flexibility and manageability to server computing, network virtualization is poised to redefine the ways that enterprise networks are provisioned, protected and managed. Products like VMware NSX and Cisco ACI are bringing virtualization to the network and allowing entire enterprise-class networks to be assembled with software tools without any new equipment or devices.
VMware NSX is intended to be a software-only answer to network virtualization; the only hardware required for NSX to work is an available and adequately configured IP network. However, NSX does impose some deployment requirements. For example, a tool like NSX Manager -- installed with vCenter Server 5.5 or later -- should receive at least 12 GB of memory, 60 GB of disk space and at least 4 vCPUs from the host server. NSX Manager also requires port 443 for downloading the open virtualization format deployment file. Although NSX is a natural fit for vSphere/ESXi, vCloud Director and vCloud Automation Center (vCAC) environments, it can also be deployed on top of other hypervisors including XenServer or KVM. When management is needed for cloud-based networks, adopters can employ vCAC, OpenStack or CloudStack.
By comparison, Cisco ACI requires far greater integration between Cisco network hardware and software. Hardware components used in the underlying network fabric include Cisco Nexus 9000 series switches. Software elements include an application virtual switch like the Cisco Nexus 1000V, along with a Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APCI), which handles the bulk of the management, and Cisco ACI Security. Each of these software platforms poses unique deployment requirements. ACI does support open APIs and OpenStack management.
Is either VMware's approach (VMware NSX) or Cisco's approach (Cisco ACI) to network virtualization something you would adopt?
Cisco's AVS is ACI-compatible, not Nexus 1000V.