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HQ-7 (FM-80)
China (1989) Self-propelled Short Range Anti-Aircraft Missile System - Circa 500 built
The PLA's medium range SPAAML
The HQ-7 (For "Hongqi"-7 (hóng qí) meaning "red flag" or "red banner"), is the name of a ground-to-air AA short range missile developed in China from the R-440 Crotale ("Rattlesnake") missile. Development of the HQ-7 system began in 1979 It has been first developed on a 4x4 carrier in the 1980s called P20. The HongQi-7 (HQ-7, also known as FM-80 in its export form) is an all-weather short range air defence system developed by 2nd Aerospace Academy (now China Academy of Defence Technology) on the basis of the French Crotale air defence missile. The HQ-7 entered operational service in the late 1980s with the PLA to provide short-range point defence. It is currently in service with all three services of the PLA. The improved variant FM-90 was introduced in 1998.
The development of the HQ-7 surface-to-air missile (SAM) began in 1979 to meet a requirement of the PLA for a mobile, short-range, low- and very low-altitude air defence system. The programme was managed by the 2nd Aerospace Academy (also known as China Changfeng Mechanics and Electronics Technology Academy, now China Academy of Defence Technology). 23 Institute was responsible for the development of radar fire control system, and 206 Institute was responsible for the ground equipment.
The HQ-7 is almost identical in physical and technical characteristic to the French Thales Air Defence (formerly Thomson-CSF Airsys) Crotale air-defence missile system. China imported few examples of Crotale and its shipborne version Sea Crotale in the late 1970s when it formed an alliance with Western countries against the Soviet Union. Thomson-CSF was expecting more orders to follow but China developed its own version by reverse-engineering the examples it obtained. This was probably tolerated or even tacitly consented by the French government in exchange for China's co-operation in the Cold War.
Test missiles were made in 1983 and the first firing took place in 1985. Design certification was undertaken from July 1986 to June 1988. Production began shortly afterwards for use as filed air defence. The HQ-7 is available in two versions; the shelter-mounted version used by the PLAAF and self-propelled version used by the PLA ground forces. The export version FM-80 was first revealed in the 1989 Dubai Aerospace Show. Later in 1998 China National Precision Machinery Import and Export Corporation (CNPMIEC) introduced an improved variant FM-90 featuring fast and longer-range missile and infrared camera to compliment the TC tracking camera.
The HQ-7 missile features a long, slim body with sharp nose, four stabilisation fins, and four front canards. The missile has multi-target interception capabilities to engage targets from same or different directions. Using a solid rocket motor, the missile has a max speed of Mach 2.3 and a range of 12km. The Command to Line Of Sight (CLOS) guidance uses radar and electro-optical sensors. Guidance operating modes include IR, IR+TV, and manual, with robust resistance to active/passive jamming and meteorological noises. The missile is armed with a high-explosive fragmentation (HE-FRAG) warhead, initiated by with a proximity fuse.
FIRE-CONTROL & SURVEILLANCE
A typical HQ-7 operational battalion comprises three operational sections (batteries) and a technical support section (battery), with both direct support (10 vehicles) and indirect support (with various special test benches and standard test equipment) maintenance groups. Each battery comprises a Search Unit (SU), three Firing Units (FUs), three optical aiming systems, and four 40kW generators. The HQ-7's search unit is used to search, identify, evaluate, and classify the targets. It then designates the most dangerous targets and distributes the information to the firing unit(s). If the radar is jammed then the optical aiming units of firing units can be used to acquire and designate targets.
The search unit comprises a E/F-band Doppler search radar which has a detection range of 3,200m to 18,400m; a data processing unit capable of processing 30 targets and in conjunction with the radar system to track 12 targets simultaneously; a wire network between itself and firing units; IFF, and radio station.
The firing unit comprises a four- or eight-cell missile launcher; a monopulse J-band tracking radar with an operational range up to 17,000m; a TV tracking system with an operational range of over 15,000m in clear weather; an infra-red localiser; a data processing unit; a wire network between itself, the search unit, and other firing units. The self-propelled version HQ-7 is mounted on a P4R electricity-powered wheeled 4 X 4 chassis, which has a maximum road speed of 60km/h and a max range of 500km.
HQ-7A P20 TELAR deployed at the 50th anniversary of the PRC in Beijing in 1999.
FM-90
At the end of 1998, the FM-90, an enhanced version of the FM-80/HQ-7, was introduced to the public. Compared to the original system, the improvements on the FM-90 include:
Using VLSI technology-based computer (designed by 706 Institute) to replace the original LSI technology-based S-9 computer on the HQ-7/FM-80.
Using digital electronic technology to replace the original analogue design, increasing the missile's abilities against active/passive jamming.
Using a new two-waveband tracking radar to replace the original monopulse radar
An infrared camera was added to the TV tracking system so that the optical tracking system can be used at night.
Target information between search and firing units is transmitted via a datalink pole system similar to that fitted on the later production Thomson-CSF Crotale 4000.
Re-designed missile warhead fusing system.
In addition, the missile's seeking/homing range, maximum speed, and attack range all have been improved, which greatly increases its combat effectiveness. With a maximum detecting range of 25km, the FM-90 is capable of attacking three targets using three different guidance modes simultaneously. The missile also has anti-missile ability against ultra-low-altitude cruise missiles, air-to-surface missiles, and anti-radiation missiles at a distance of 17km.
The B20 carrier vehicle
France developed the Hotchkiss P-4R as part of a SPAAML battery composed of one radar vehicle for targeting acquisition and 2-3 launch vehicles with their own guiding system. The Chinese created a rather similar vehicle which was developed during the 1980s. The 4x4 vehicle name is not known, but placed under the same HQ-7 (FM-80), Self-Propelled designation. It was developed by the 206th Institute. It has not been exported. However it was probably found too slow and a more powerful vehicle, with better off-road characteristics was developed to carry the weapons system, including enough space for a complete reload.
About the HQ-7 missile system (FM-80)
Missile dimensions:
length - 3 m (9.8 ft) x diameter - 0.156 m (6.1 in) x wingspan - 0.55 m (1.8 ft)
Launch weight: 84.5 kg (186 lb)
Operating altitude: 30–5,000 m (98–16,404 ft)
Minimum operating range: 500 m (HQ-7/FM-80)
Max operating range: 8.6 km/400 m/s, 10 km/300 m/s, or 12 km
Speed: Mach 2.3 (750 m/s)
Guidance: Command + electro-optical tracking
Warhead: HE-FRAG with proximity fuse
Radar detecting range: 18.4 km
Radar homing range: 17 km
Production & exports
China revealed the export version, FM-80, in the 1989 Dubai Air Show. Unit cost is around $162,000 per launcher and $24,500 per missile. No exports of this vehicle are known, despite the FM-80 has been marketed so.
B20 TELaR with the HQ-7 in 1989.
The HQ-7 on Wikipedia
The HQ-7 on ausairpower.net
The crotale on army-technology.com
P20 SPH specifications (as Hoctchkiss P4R)
Dimensions 11.6 m x3.4 m x3.55 m (38ft 1in x 11ft 2in x 11ft 8in)
Total weight, battle ready 35 tonnes (34.45 tons)
Crew 4 (driver, commander, gunner, loader)
Propulsion PLZ-52: 8V150 turbocharged diesel, 800/1000 hp
Suspension Torsion Bars
Speed (road) PLZ-52: 65 km/h (40 mph)
Range PLZ-52: 550 km (340 miles)
Armament 155 mm (6.1 in) howitzer 12.7 mm (0.5 in) HMG
Armor Unknown
Total production 200 ?


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Congratulations to our 2018 grantees!
2018 Grantee Texas Isaiah, Andrew (The Altar), Courtesy of the artist.
Art Matters is pleased to announce the recipients of its 2018 grants to individual artists. The foundation awarded 24 fellowships of 7,500 USD each for ongoing work that breaks ground aesthetically and socially.
In announcing the grants, Art Matters Director Abbey Williams said, "These incredible artists both experiment with form and address issues of justice and liberation in ways that we believe have the potential to catalyze change. Excited by how they bring their lived experiences within various geographic and cultural contexts to their practice, we hope our no-strings-attached funding can help amplify their important voices."
2018 Grantees:
Leila Abdelrazaq (Detroit, MI)
Ron Athey (Los Angeles, CA)
Natalie Ball (Chiloquin, OR)
Chloë Bass (Brooklyn, NY)
Sita Kuratomi Bhaumik (Oakland, CA)
Lenka Clayton (Pittsburgh, PA)
Colectivo Moriviví (San Juan, PR)
Lauren Halsey (Los Angeles, CA)
Teresa Hernández (San Juan, PR)
James T. Hong (Baldwin Park, CA)
Keith Calhoun and Chandra McCormick (New Orleans, LA)
Baseera Khan (Brooklyn, NY)
Autumn Knight (New York, NY)
El Franco Lee II (Houston, TX)
Mev Luna (Chicago, IL)
Charles Preston (Chicago, IL)
Reginald Dwayne Betts and Titus Kaphar (New Haven, CT)
Gisela Rosario Ramos (San Juan, PR)
Jordan Seaberry (Riverside, RI)
Ahya Simone (Detroit, MI)
Jennifer Taylor (San Francisco, CA)
Texas Isaiah (Los Angeles, CA)
Dani Tirrell (Seattle, WA)
Rory Wakemup (Morton, MN)
We would also like to congratulate Art Matters co-founder and donor Laura Donnelley on receiving a 2018 Montblanc Cultural Foundation Arts Patronage Award. At the award ceremony earlier this fall, Art Matters Advisor Sacha Yanow spoke to the nature of Laura's philanthropy, "Art Matters is not a family foundation but it certainly is a family in the best sense of family. We are now three generations of artists, board and staff, working together to put forward liberation, beauty and justice in the world through art. We thank you, Laura, for the love and trust that has built this."
Full video of the award ceremony and more information can be found HERE.
http://www.artnews.com/2018/12...
https://www.artforum.com/news/...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Package Plants
Resources-Blog
Is compostable the same as recyclable?
Blog, Composting
November 10, 2016 /by Lynn Lucas
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Logo-USCC-BPI-compostable.jpg 511 1200 Lynn Lucas https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg Lynn Lucas2016-11-10 08:45:032019-04-15 11:34:09Is compostable the same as recyclable?
Virginia loves compost
About McGill, Blog
Virginia loves compost and has demonstrated its enthusiasm by becoming the newest state to form a regional group to support the compost manufacturing industry.
The Virginia Composting Council (VCC) became an official chapter of the U.S. Composting Council in March 2015. Chapter board members include McGill's own Kyle White and Bob Broom.
It is the country's fourth regional chapter, joining California, Minnesota and North Carolina. There are also working groups in the Maryland-Delaware region and Colorado.
View the full press release here.
March 31, 2015 /by Lynn Lucas
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/art-icon-TalkingCompost-bubble-e1511208760567.png 246 300 Lynn Lucas https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg Lynn Lucas2015-03-31 13:46:042018-10-01 11:47:06Virginia loves compost
The Soil-Water Connection: linking compost use to clean water
Blog, Environment
August 4, 2014 /by mcgill
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Screen-Shot-2014-02-14-at-9.16.47-AM.png 293 337 mcgill https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg mcgill2014-08-04 17:00:102019-04-15 12:35:14The Soil-Water Connection: linking compost use to clean water
Protecting the watershed Part 2: Strive for 5 percent organic matter
Blog, Compost use, Environment
June 17, 2013 /by mcgill
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Strive-for-5-web.jpg 140 140 mcgill https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg mcgill2013-06-17 00:00:002019-03-26 11:29:36Protecting the watershed Part 2: Strive for 5 percent organic matter
The Million Tomato campaign
Blog, Compost use
McGill SoilBuilder Premium Compost is pleased to announce its participation in the U.S. Composting Council's Million Tomato campaign to help boost soil health and growing power in community gardens. Learn more about this national program at http://buy-compost.com/ or contact McGill compost sales at 910-532-2539.
April 1, 2013 /by mcgill
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Million_Tomato_logo.jpg 1023 585 mcgill https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg mcgill2013-04-01 00:00:002018-10-01 12:20:03The Million Tomato campaign
Food waste composting — planning for success
November 6, 2012 /by Lynn Lucas
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/art-icon-TalkingCompost-bubble-e1511208760567.png 246 300 Lynn Lucas https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg Lynn Lucas2012-11-06 12:00:222019-04-08 12:33:15Food waste composting -- planning for success
Food waste composting — not as easy as it looks
October 30, 2012 /by Lynn Lucas
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/food-waste-truck-iStock-2837350Medium.jpg 1129 1700 Lynn Lucas https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg Lynn Lucas2012-10-30 01:00:422019-04-15 13:57:33Food waste composting -- not as easy as it looks
Waste Handling magazine features McGill
Many thanks to the folks at Waste Handling and Equipment News East who were kind enough to run a story about our Composter of the Year award from the U.S. Composting Council. You can find the article on Page 6 of the April 2012 edition.
May 14, 2012 /by Lynn Lucas
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/art-icon-TalkingCompost-bubble-e1511208760567.png 246 300 Lynn Lucas https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg Lynn Lucas2012-05-14 08:00:312018-10-01 13:04:54Waste Handling magazine features McGill
USCC Introduces Consumer Program
March 16, 2012 /by mcgill
https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/art-logo-CUP-lawn.jpg 233 236 mcgill https://mcgillcompost.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/McGill-logo.svg mcgill2012-03-16 00:00:002019-03-28 11:36:14USCC Introduces Consumer Program
McGill Named 2011 Composter of the Year
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In special cases please call for after hours shopping. We are often still working in kitchen may be able to serve you.
We cannot guarantee the presence or absence of trace elements of any nuts, spices or dairy products.
If you have food allergies we suggest you consult your doctor before you purchase any Belgian Chocolates.
For any questions concerning ingredients please call Annegret's Chocolates at (250) 712-2299.


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Randy Barnett on Trump, the Supreme Court, and the Future of the Republican Party
from ReasonTV
"If Trump takes over the Republican Party it's likely to become a right-wing nationalist party of the kind you see in Europe," says Randy Barnett, who's a law professor at Georgetown and the author most recently of Our Republican Constitution: Securing the Liberty and Sovereignty of We the People.
Barnett wrote a column for USA Today last March calling for disaffected Republicans to consider a third-party candidate in the event that Donald Trump becomes the party nominee. Reason TV's Nick Gillespie sat down with Barnett to discuss the GOP's future, what the 2016 election portends, and why Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg was right to apologize for her critical remarks about Trump.
"Judges have to at least act like they are above that sort of thing," Barnett explains. "It's certainly foreseeable that a case involving the Trump campaign could come before the Court in the next few months [and]…she couldn't possibly sit on that case now."
Approximately 8 minutes.
Interview by Nick Gillespie. Edited by Austin Bragg. Shot by Meredith Bragg, Jim Epstein, and Justin Monticello.


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Blog – Temporary Climate Solutions
Home / Blog / How Corrosion Can Reduce the Life Expectancy of School HVAC Systems
Corrosion causes $276 billion in damage every year and an estimated $1 trillion in indirect costs. Metal pipes, joints, tubes, vents, and towers lose structural integrity and fail simply from being exposed to water and air.
Scientists are searching for ways to combat the problem. A New York university developed a technique to make metal super-hydrophobic by etching nanoscopic patterns onto its surface. Materials scientists in Illinois are using 40 million processor hours on a supercomputer to study corrosion at the atomic level.
Outside the lab, however, the battle against corrosion continues.
The Impact of Corrosion on HVAC Systems in School Buildings
Corrosion is a chemical reaction that affects the physical and mechanical properties of the metal. When the integrity of a metal component is compromised, its strength is reduced and its useful life is diminished. Corrosion can be a serious problem in the large HVAC systems used in school buildings because metal components in heat exchangers, pipes, coils, cooling towers, chillers, and vent stacks can rust, leak, or fail if corrosion goes unnoticed. Over time, corrosion can increase operating and maintenance costs, damage equipment, and demand early replacement of expensive parts.
Outside the building, coils and other metal parts are subject to corrosion from the elements, such as ocean water in coastal areas, pollution in industrial towns, and agricultural chemicals in rural areas. Inside the building, high relative humidity and leaks can damage the remaining HVAC machinery.
Rust, water stains, pitted metal, and greening copper are signs of corrosion. When pipes are insulated or hidden behind walls, corrosion can go unnoticed for months or even years. Common areas for corrosion are the bypass lines, low flow sections, threaded joints, and dead ends.
Preventing Corrosion in HVAC Systems
Taking an HVAC system off-line without a plan is never a good idea. Leaving water in boilers or coolants in tubes can cause severe damage as the system sits idle for months. Proper layup techniques can protect the life of heating and cooling systems and reduce downtown when it comes back online.
A boiler can have a wet layup or a dry layup, depending on the needs of the school. Both versions should include a series of steps to empty, flush, clean, dry and repair the system. Air conditioning components go through a similar checklist when taken off-line. The system should be drained, cleaned, inspected, and dried. For both systems, general maintenance during layup should include cleaning coils, clearing drains, lubricating mechanical parts, and replacing gaskets.
Many HVAC operators apply a special coating to HVAC components during layup to prevent corrosion. For the best protection, this coating must be applied in optimal conditions following manufacturer's specifications. Manufacturers often recommend running dry air through the system to ensure the coating on internal components dries properly.
Desiccant dehumidifiers are an effective way to control moisture as these coatings are applied and dried. Polygon offers temporary climate and humidity control solutions that create the ideal environment for surface preparations and coating. The custom-built technologies accommodate areas of any size so the space has the perfect temperature and relative humidity levels, regardless of the weather outside. Call today to learn more about how Polygon assists with corrosion prevention.
[Photo from Randall Chancellor via CC License 2.0]
Growing Ginseng and Other Plants Indoors: The Role of Climate Control in Indoor Cultivation


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As the Executor or Trustee under a Will, you are directed to allocate a certain amount of money for general charitable purposes. Some professional guidance would be helpful to you.
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You are an executive in a large corporation, responsible in part for corporate giving. How do you get through the blizzard of appeals you get from all the charities? Who sifts through all of them and makes some sense out of a giving program?
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Will I get to talk to a lawyer if I call?
Do I need to file a lawsuit to recover damages?
Do I need to consult a lawyer?
I don't want to bankrupt somebody. What happens to the person I sue?
Is the adjuster looking out for my best interests?
Do I cooperate with the adjuster?
How do I know if the adjuster's offer is fair?
What are the dangers of signing a release too soon?
Can the adjuster limit my medical treatment?
How can I get the adjuster's attention?
Who will pay if the other driver has no insurance?
What can I do to preserve evidence?
Why is an accident / police report important?
Is it too soon to settle my case?
Can I recover without causing the driver financial hardship?
When should I get medical care for my injuries?
Can I lose the right to recover damages?
What if I am hurt, but don't get treatment?
What is a hospital or medical lien?
What is Medical Payment "Med Pay" coverage?
Should I submit my medical bills to my health insurance carrier?
After I sign a release, how will my future medical bills be paid?
What do I do about the damage to my vehicle?
When is my car a total loss?
What if my personal property is damaged?
Can I settle on the property damage claim with releasing my injury claim?
Will my case require a jury trial?
How is my case valued?
Is my claim worth more than the medical bills?
In what parts of Colorado do you handle personal injury cases?
Because it is difficult for most people to come up with money in advance to pay an attorney, Colorado law allows for a contingency fee agreement. In a contingency fee arrangement, the attorney agrees to accept a fixed percent of the recovery at the conclusion of the Colorado injury case upon recovery. The attorney is only paid when you are paid. Although clients are ultimately responsible for actual out-of-pocket expenses, a personal injury law firm may advance necessary expenses to prepare your case for settlement or trial.
Yes. Everyone who calls for a free consultation gets to talk to a lawyer. Usually you will get to talk to a lawyer right away or later the same day so you can explore all your personal injury claims. Colorado Auto accidents to legal malpractice by lawyers in Colorado, we handle it all.
What are the risks of representing myself?
Colorado insurance adjusters receive extensive training on how to handle claims and people making claims. The first thing an adjuster may ask for is a recorded statement. This is followed by a request for a medical authorization, so the Colorado adjuster can collect and examine your medical records. A Colorado personal injury attorney, typically, would advise that you not give the liability insurance company a statement and not to sign the insurance company's medical authorization until you talk with an Colorado attorney. Also, if you are representing yourself, you may not know your legal rights and may not know when to say "no." If you wait to contact an attorney until you are negotiating a settlement, you may have already compromised your case.
Whether you have a case depends on many factors. First, you must have suffered injury, loss or harm. Second, that injury, loss or harm must have been caused by the wrongdoing of another person or entity. Third, Colorado law must provide you the legal right to recover from the wrongdoer for your injury, loss or harm. Other important factors are the cost of taking the case to a Colorado court and, if you win, whether the wrongdoer has any insurance, money or other assets to pay you.
It depends. Sometimes it is necessary to file a lawsuit in Colorado to force wrongdoers to pay for the injuries they cause. Other times, a wrongdoer or their insurer will settle before a lawsuit is filed in Colorado. If the wrongdoer knows that you understand your Colorado legal rights and that you will file a lawsuit if necessary to enforce your rights, then the wrongdoer is often more likely to deal fairly with you. Many times, just having a Colorado attorney will yield more positive results than working with the insurance company directly.
Yes, if you have questions about your legal rights in Colorado. Even if you choose to take no action, you empower yourself by knowing your legal rights. If you or a loved one has suffered injury, loss or harm, a Colorado lawyer can help you determine whether there is a case.
Weselis & Suchoparek, LLC, The Fast Filers provides free legal consultations to individuals who have suffered injury, loss or harm because of the wrongdoing of others in Colorado. If you hire The Fast Filers to represent you, then you have the option to pay for the legal services on an hourly basis at our hourly rates or on a contingency fee basis. The contingency fee is paid as a percentage of any recovery.
It is important to understand that an attorney fee is different from costs, which are the necessary expenses incurred in representing a client. In some instances Weselis & Suchoparek, LLC will advance these costs for clients, which may later be recouped from a portion of the client's recovery if there is a favorable outcome of the matter.
Although the lawsuit will have the other persons name on it, we are actually going after the insurance company's money in most Colorado cases. In virtually every case, the person we sue does not have to pay a penny, as their insurance company pays the settlement or verdict amount, as well as all of the legal fees.
Is the adjuster looking out for my best interest?
Claims adjusters are hired to represent the insurance company. This is the same in Colorado and in every other state. One way insurance companies make money is by not paying the full value on claims made by people injured in accidents. For example, if the insurance company value a claim at $100,000; but the injured party, unaware of the true value of his case, is willing to accept $10,000, the insurance company will quickly issue a check for $10,000 in exchange for a signed release. In other words, it is a mistake to think that the insurance company has your best interest at heart. You may want to seek the assistance of a Colorado personal injury attorney to protect your rights. We offer services throughout the State of Colorado from Denver to Grand Junction, From Fort Collins to Pueblo.
Generally, you have no obligation to cooperate with the adjuster from the other driver's insurance company. You do not have to give the adjuster any information or a recorded statement under Colorado law. The insurance company may want to take your statement in order to begin building its case against you. That is what they are trying to do. Insurance companies will conduct their own investigation of an accident, and you are not required to do their work for them. When you hire an attorney, they will collect and provide the information the other driver's insurance company may need to evaluate your claim.
However, your relationship with your own insurance company is established by your Colorado insurance policy; it operates as a contract. Most polices state that to collect on a claim under your own policy, you must cooperate with the insurance company in its investigation of the accident. That means that if asked, you may be required to cooperate with your insurance and provide names of witnesses, the medical providers you are treating with and a statement about how the accident happened. It is a good idea to consult with an attorney prior to giving a statement even to your own insurance company.
The first offer from an insurance adjuster is typically on the low side in Colorado. When you are not represented by an attorney, the adjuster may be trying to find out whether you understand what your claim is worth. Several facts and factors may be involved in figuring a range of value in a Colorado personal injury claim. You are entitled to money damages for several factors including but not limited to reasonably necessary medical bills, lost wages and pain and suffering. Depending on the severity of your injuries, you may also be entitled to receive compensation for future pain and suffering, loss of income and loss of earning capacity. The adjuster is working for the insurance company, not for you. Since you will have to live with the results of your settlement, don't sign a release until you have talked with a personal injury attorney. Otherwise, you may waive many of your Colorado Rights.
The insurance company will not give you a settlement check until you have signed a release which is typically a full and final release of any and all claims you may have against its insured. After you sign the release, you cannot go back and ask the negligent driver or the insurance company for more money. The claim is closed and the case is over as it relates to any party you released. Since many injuries can affect you for a lifetime, don't rush into settling your personal injury claim too soon. You typically should wait until after you have been released from your doctor's care. Before you sign a release in Colorado, you need to talk to an attorney.
In the case of an accident, an adjuster has no control over the type or amount of medical treatment you can seek. Often, an adjuster may argue that you are only entitled to a certain number of doctor visits for your particular type of injury in Colorado. This is probably an attempt to intimidate you into not receiving the medical treatment you may need to properly treat your injuries. Adjusters know that your failure to get proper treatment or physical therapy as prescribed by your doctor may decrease the value of your case.
You are not required to give a recorded statement under Colorado law to the other driver's insurance company. The insurance company may want to take your statement in order to begin building its case against you even if you are clearly not at fault for the accident. Providing a recorded statement can only hurt your case. Therefore, if the adjuster for the other driver's insurance company requests that you make a statement, you should refer them to your attorney. If you do not have an attorney, get one! On the other hand, if you are making a claim under your own policy of insurance, you may have a duty to cooperate and provide a statement, but you probably will want your attorney to be part of that statement to protect your interest.
Retaining the services of a Colorado personal injury law firm usually gets the attention of an adjuster. As soon as the adjuster is notified that you have an attorney, the adjuster has to leave you alone. The adjuster must deal directly with your attorney. The attorney's role is to protect your rights.
If you are involved in an accident with an uninsured vehicle or a hit-and-run driver, then your own policy of insurance may provide coverage for your physical injuries. Uninsured Motorist coverage is often carried by someone in the accident. The nice thing is that since 2008 in Colorado, you can "stack" several policies of uninsured motorist for a greater recovery for you.
Many Colorado auto policies will cover you if you are injured in a bicycle accident or while on foot.
The days following a Colorado accident sometimes are important for finding and preserving evidence. Take photos or video of the cars involved, the accident scene and your injuries as soon as possible. Those concurrent photos will more accurately represent the condition of the evidence immediately after the accident. Keep a log or journal regarding details of your injuries and their effects on your daily life. Having notes will be a more accurate reminder of all the details of what happened and what you went through. This will make it easier for you to recall information at a later date if you ever need to testify in court.. Keep a folder with all the letters, receipts and general information that you may receive regarding your accident and treatment. This way you will be less likely to lose a key piece of evidence that may be needed to pursue your claim in Colorado.
An accident report is important for several reasons in Colorado. First, it provides the name and address of each driver and the name of the driver's insurance company. Second, an accident report gives a description of how the accident occurred, and the police officer's opinion as to who caused the collision. Since the officer was not an eye witness, he reaches this opinion be examining evidence at the scene and taking statements from drivers and witnesses. This may include measuring skid marks to determine the speed of the vehicle and noting where the vehicles came to rest. Third, an accident report records other relevant facts such as time of day, the weather conditions and road conditions at the time of the accident and where it occurred in Colorado. Call the police immediately no matter where your are in Colorado if you are in an accident and do not delay. If the police are not called at the time of the accident, you can go to the police station and file a statement of what happened. The police typically will not issue a ticket or complete the standard form if they do not respond to the scene of an accident.
The appropriate time to settle a case depends on several factors. Many Colorado cases settle when an injured person is "medically stationary," meaning that the injuries have either fully resolved, or remain but are no longer improving. In some Colorado cases, it is necessary to file the case in court to preserve the statute of limitations, or to obtain an agreement to toll the Colorado statute of limitations, because it will take too long before the injured person is medically stationary.
Insurance companies generally will not settle a case unless the settlement is final. That means that once a case is settled, injured persons generally are not be able to recover any more money from anyone, even if injuries that were previously unknown are discovered, or if medical care that was not anticipated becomes necessary. In some cases a client chooses to settle a case despite ongoing symptoms. In this situation, there is a greater risk that symptoms will worsen. In other cases, a client may believe he or she has reached a full recovery, but symptoms recur. Because of these risks, it is important for an injured person considering settlement to understand that in most cases when a settlement is reached, there is no way to recover any more money even if new injuries or medical bills arise.
Sometimes an injured party is hesitant to make a claim because he feels the collision was not intentional and he does not want to cause a financial hardship to the other driver. On the other hand, the injured party is frustrated because of mounting medical bills and expenses.
It is important to receive medical treatment for your injuries as soon as possible. This could include going to the Emergency Room, Urgent Care or your family doctor. At the ER or doctor's office, tell the doctors and nurses all of your injuries, pains and discomforts. Too often, people only tell doctors about injuries that hurt the most. As a result, the medical records may be incomplete as to a description of all of your injuries. A record of all of your injuries and treatment helps establish your claim for damages.
You can lose your right to recover compensation in Colorado if you fail to file your lawsuit within a certain time period. Every state has certain time limits, called "Statue of Limitations," that govern the period during which you must bring a personal injury lawsuit. The facts of one accident may give rise to several legal claims, and each legal claim may have a different Statue of Limitations. It is in your best interest to talk to an attorney as soon as you receive an injury or discover you may have a claim in order to protect your legal rights.
If you are injured but fail to get appropriate medical treatment, you put your health at risk. A record of medical treatment also helps establish your claim for damages and pain and suffering. If you are injured and fail to get the care you need, it is more difficult to prove the value of your case. Insurance adjusters often reason that a person in pain follows the treatment path prescribed by the doctor. Likewise, if you fail to follow doctor's orders, an adjuster may think that you have fully recovered from your injuries. Insurance companies also look for gaps in your care path.
The most obvious source to pay your medical bills is the negligent driver's insurance company. However, the insurance company typically will not pay the medical expenses as they occur, but will wait until final settlement. There are at least three other sources of money which may be available immediately to pay your medical bills; health insurance and medical payment coverage and Medicaid or Medicare. If you submit your bills to your health insurance, you will first have to meet your deductible and at the time of settlement, they may want to be reimbursed. The second source is medical payment coverage or "med pay" under your own auto insurance policy or the car you were riding in at the time of the accident. Under med pay, insurance will pay reasonable and necessary medical expenses as they are incurred up to the amount of coverage. It is not based on fault, and there is no right or subrogation at the end of your case. In other words, med pay does not get paid back. Finally, Medicaid or Medicare sometimes applies depending on the circumstances.
What if I cannot pay for treatment?
You should go to the doctor until the doctor says he has done all he can do and you've gotten as well as you are going to get. At this point, the doctor typically releases you from his care. Unfortunately, medical treatment may often take time to produce results and is expensive. Lack of money should not prevent you from getting the care you need for your injuries. Sometimes, if the medical provider knows that you are represented by an attorney, he may wait until your case is settled to be paid. Some doctors, however, cannot afford to wait until the conclusion of your case. An attorney may be able to find other available funds, such as med pay coverage, which will help with your treatment cost. However, keep in mind that an attorney will not always be able to prevent a provider from turning your bills over to collection, which may in turn adversely affect your credit.
In reference to a personal injury case, a lien is a legal claim against settlement money you might receive from the liability insurance company. Holders of liens may include a health insurance plan or HMO, workers' compensation, medical providers or Medicare.
An auto policy may provide additional coverage to cover your medical bills, regardless of who was at fault for the accident. The insurance company will pay reasonable and necessary medical expenses up to the limit of coverage as the bills are incurred under the "med pay" provision of the policy. In Missouri, there is no right of subrogation for med pay funds. In other words, the other drivers insurance does not get a credit for the amount collected from your med pay funds and likewise, your insurance does not get reimbursed or paid back at the time of settlement from the other drivers insurance company. Claiming coverage under your car's med pay coverage may result in a greater net in pocket to you when your case is settled.
Normally, when you are ill or injured, you look to your own health coverage – whether through health insurance, health maintenance organization (HMO) or your employer's self-insurance program – to take care of your bills. When you have been injured in an accident, it is not unusual for the injured party to allow health insurance to help pay your medical providers. This often opens doors for treatment and helps preserve your credit. Most health insurance plans have a right to reimbursed by you, out of the settlement you receive for the medical expenses that the health plan already paid. The health plan's right to reimbursement depends on various factors, including your agreement with the health plan provider and varies with the type of health coverage you have.
In exchange for the settlement check, the liability insurance company will require you to sign a release which is typically a full and final release of any and all claims you may have against its insured. After you have settled, you cannot go back the next month, six months or a year later and ask for more money to pay subsequent medical bills. Before you sign a release, you need to talk to an attorney.
Damage to your vehicle is usually paid by the negligent driver's insurance company in Colorado. You may also want to review your policy and consider submitting the property loss to your own insurance, if they are willing to offer more for your car. It is a good idea to get two or three written estimates of your damage in Colorado. It is reasonable for the insurance company to examine or inspect your vehicle, but you do not have to accept the estimate based on the insurance company's inspection. A car is considered a total loss or "totaled" when the cost of repairing the car is more than the car is worth. A car's worth is equal to the price it would bring in your area, in the condition it was in before the collision. The price is determined by comparing your car to the current sale price of cars in your area of the same year, make and mileage along with any improvements you can document. When looking at your loss also consider any items of personal property, such as sunglasses, stereo, CD, car seat etc. When dealing with the other drivers insurance, also consider the value of loss of transportation, in the event they have not provided a rental car. The property damage claim can be settled separate from your personal injury claim. If the insurance company asks you to sign a release on the property damage claim, it may be a good idea to have a Colorado attorney review it to make sure you are not releasing your personal injury claim.
A car is considered a total loss in Colorado when the cost of repairing the car is more than the car is worth. In that case, the insurance company only pays you the car's fair market value in the condition it was in before the collision. In effect, when a car is totaled, it is similar to the forced "sale" of your car. The price is determined by comparing your car to the current sale price of cars in your area of the same year, make and mileage. Often, insurance adjusters will look at the NADA blue book, which has a link on this website.
You have a right to be compensated not only for your injuries and damage to your car, but also for any personal property damaged in the accident. For example, an accident might break your sunglasses, car seat, CD's or stereo. It is your duty to document the loss. A photo showing you with the item is useful. A receipt, credit card slip or other proof of purchase also establishes value and ownership. If you have no other proof, you can offer to the insurance company a written statement by someone who knows that you had the item. The insurance company does not have to pay the cost of replacing your personal property. Instead, it only has to pay you the actual cash value, which is the item's current market or resale value.
Typically, the negligent driver's insurance company will pay for damage to your car and property soon after the accident. Damage to your car can be settled before and separate from your personal injury claim in Colorado. However, you must be sure that when you settle on your car the release you sign clearly states property damage only. Again, this is very important. You should consult an attorney before signing any release to make sure that you are not releasing your Colorado personal injury claims.
Every case is different and unique. However, there may be several opportunities along the way to explore reaching a fair resolution of your case without going to trial, if that is your desire. The mere fact that you hired an attorney does not necessarily mean that your case will wind up in Colorado court. But keep an open mind to allowing a jury to decide your case on the merits if the insurance company is not fair.
It depends on the complexity of your case and frequently Colorado cases can be resolved through settlement in a matter of months. If a lawsuit is filed, it can take approximately 12 to 18 months to get the case to trial in Colorado. Court delays and any appeals can increase the time to ultimately resolve the case through litigation. We strive to move our cases forward as quickly as possible, and to maintain a caseload that is not so heavy that any case falls behind. We communicate with our clients on a regular basis so that if a case will take a long time, the client understands why the time is necessary for thorough preparation of the case.
Every case is different and unique and no two cases are the same. The value of a your Colorado injury case depends upon the facts and circumstances. A determination about the range of fair compensation cannot be made until relevant facts and factors are considered. The value of a claim includes medical care and related expenses, time off work, pain and physical suffering and permanent physical disability or disfigurement. While it is easy to add up the cost of medical bills and time off work, there is no precise, set formula on your pain and suffering. For example, the value of a scar or disfigurement may have very little relation to the amount of related bills associated with the scar or disfigurement.
The settlement value of a case is typically more than the medical bills in Colorado. This assumes that the medical treatment was reasonable and necessary for the type of injury you sustained and that there was no comparative fault on your part in causing the accident. You should be compensated for reasonably related expenses such as past and future medical bills and lost wages. In addition, you can receive damages for pain and suffering. Pain and suffering can sometimes be explained in terms of restrictions, limitations, or the effect your injuries had on your life and daily routine. The value of pain and suffering can be a significant portion of the value of your case.
The answer to this question depends on numerous factors, which may include extent of culpability of the wrongdoer, whether the wrongdoer admits liability at trial, the extent of your injury and losses, whether the law will hold someone liable for your injury, "tort reform" caps on your damages, availability of expert opinion, pretrial and trial rulings of the court, whether the wrongdoer has insurance or money to pay for your injury, any contributory fault, whether the case is in federal or state court (including which county in Colorado), and the fees and costs required to obtain a recovery. No lawyer can guarantee a recovery or result.
What Parts of Colorado do you handle personal injury cases?
We offer personal injury lawyer representation throughout the state of Colorado, including handling auto accident cases and personal injury cases in all Front Range and Western Slope cities such as Denver, Aurora, Arvada, Littleton, Thornton, Westminster, Brighton, Boulder, Castle Rock, Colorado Springs, Fort Collins, Grand Junction, Pueblo, Greeley, Windsor, Loveland, Longmont, Denver County, Arapahoe County, Adams County, Douglas County, Boulder County, Jefferson County, and El Paso County, Colorado. We handle Auto accidents, legal malpractice, and wrongful death cases.
Call for free consultation if you are looking for a Denver car accident attorneys or Lawyers in Colorado. We offer services throughout the State of Colorado including all Front Range and Western Slope cities such as car accident injuries in Aurora, motorcycle accidents in Arvada, boating accidents in Littleton, semi-truck crashes in Thornton, big rig collisions in Westminster, dog bite accidents in Brighton, Highway Accidents in Boulder, car wrecks in Castle Rock, legal malpractice injuries in Colorado Springs, bike accidents in Fort Collins, pedestrian crashes in Grand Junction, running or jogging injuries in Pueblo, ski injury Accidents in Greeley, snowboarding injuries in Castle Rock, skiing accident in Monument, and car crashes in Longmont. We also represent clients in Denver County Car Accidents in, Arapahoe County motorcycle accident, Adams County wrongful death accident, Douglas County semi-truck accident, Boulder County boat accident Jefferson County personal injuries, and El Paso County car injury law and all other Colorado Car Accidents.


In an emergency, press the emergency button on your console or wearable transmitter.
The system places a call to the 24/7 emergency monitoring center.
An operator will dispatch emergency personnel or notify your family, friends or neighbors.
My Senior Watch, a subsidiary of SMS Security Systems was founded in 2009 to provide quality personal emergency monitoring and give peace of mind to older adults across America who wish to live the independent at-home lifestyle. Our parent company has been providing quality service, installation and monitoring of security and fire alarms for over a quarter century to residents and businesses throughout the Northeastern United States.
With our advanced wireless technology and state-of-the-art U.L. Listed (2-way) monitoring and easy plug-and-play system setup, our service is invaluable to seniors seeking to maintain their independence while feeling secure. In the event of a personal emergency, the user just presses the large "Emergency" button or water-resistant pendant and help is on the way.
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Screaming O uses the popular AG-10 Alkaline batteries for their collection. They are small, compact and long lasting.
Convenient 6-pack of replacement batteries. These AG-10 batteries power up the companys lineup of smaller vibrating rings.
Convenient 6-packs of replacement batteries. Compact dispenser holds 12 packs of 6 replacements. These AG-10 batteries power up the companys lineup of smaller vibrating rings.


This rustic style "JUST MARRIED" bunting can be hung in and around your wedding venue. They look great as a backdrop for your top table or outside your church.
Approximately 2.5m in length. Each flag is approximately 20.5cm (w) x 24cm (h).


text:
Vogue: Heydar Aliyev Center is among world's 8 most beautiful concert halls in 2019
27 March 2019, 13:41 445
Heydar Aliyev Center, located in Azerbaijan, is among the world's 8 most beautiful concert halls in 2019, according to the Vogue.
"In the heart of Azerbaijan's capital, the Heydar Aliyev Center is one of Zaha Hadid's true masterpieces, with its beautiful curved structure and giant glass front. Breaking free from traditional 20th century Soviet architecture, the building symbolized a new cultural era for the country. Perched on top of a hill, it dominates the city, its UFO shape intended to be an expression of the diverse culture within the country, representing the optimism of a nation that is looking towards the future," says Vogue.
Other concert halls included in this list are The Royal Albert Hall in London, The Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, The Sydney Opera House, The Palais Garnier in Paris, The Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg, The Oslo Opera House and The Auditorio de Tenerife.
CNN: Azerbaijan's Silk Road city now a UNESCO World Heritage site
ISSA: Azerbaijan's pension system one of the best in the world
The land of great-hearted people
President: "Representatives of all religions live as one family in Azerbaijan"
Holy month of Ramadan begins


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Top 20 Electric Locomotives used in India.
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Imported from Japan and Sweden in 1988.
A legend from the 1970, still in service. 20400 is 46 years old!!!
A hero loco among its Class. It was the WCG2 that rescued Mumbai when CR experienced a terrible loco shortage crisis during the 1990s when WCM classes failed repeatedly.It was a very powerful class back then in the early-mid 70s with a strong 4200 HP.
Also one of the heaviest locomotives in India weighing 132 tons.
A failed class. Numbers 22401 to 22416.
A prestigious loco, But poor performer. Hauled the Rajdhanis at 130 km/h in 80s!!!


text:
Департамент таможенных сборов — орган управления таможенным делом и карантинной частью в Российской Империи c 26 октября 1864 по 29 июня 1918.

История

Первое правительственное учреждение по делам торговли, Коммерц-коллегия, было создано Петром Первым в 1715 и просуществовало до 1810 года.

В 1802 учреждены министерства. Коммерц-коллегия подчинена Министерству Коммерции.

В 1810 Коммерц-Колегия была подчинена Министру Финансов в связи с передачей дел Министерства Коммерции в Министерство Финансов и Министерство внутренних дел.

23 сентября 1811 - создания Временного Департамента Коммерц-Коллегии. Временный Департамент принял дела из Департамента Министерства Коммерции и из Коллегии.

25 октября 1811 открылся Департамент Внешней Торговли Министерства Финансов. Временный Департамент Коммерц-Коллегии упразднен в 1823-1829 годах.

Орган образован 26 октября 1864 переименованием Департамента внешней торговли в связи с передачей в Департамент торговли и мануфактур всех дел по внешней торговле (Отделения внешних торговых сношений).

B годы Первой мировой войны на департамент были возложены разработка и наблюдение за проведением мероприятий, связанных с запрещением вывоза товаров за границу в связи с войной — Междуведомственное совещание при Департаменте таможенных сборов для обсуждения вопросов, связанных с запрещением вывоза товаров за границу в связи с войной (октябрь—декабрь 1916).

B 1917 в составе департамента было создано Особое делопроизводство по вывозу разных товаров за границу.

Реорганизован в Главное управление таможенного контроля в ведении Народного комиссариата торговли и промышленности.

Структура

Таможенные округа
Округа Таможенного департамента Министерства финансов, по наблюдению границы Империи:

Кроме того, ряд таможенных учреждений находился вне округов, в том числе в Средней Азии, в Сибири, в Приморском и Приамурском крае.

Список директоров
 кн. Дмитрий Александрович Оболенский (с 26 октября 1864 по 3 марта 1870)
 Фёдор Густавович Тернер (с 3 марта 1870 по 16 октября 1870)
 Николай Александрович Качалов (с 16 октября 1870 по 12 февраля 1882)
 Лев Фёдорович Тухолка (с 12 февраля 1882 по 16 марта 1894)
 Николай Иванович Белюстин (с 18 марта 1894 по 1908)
 Сергей Дмитриевич Ган (с 21 июня 1908 по 10 февраля 1914)
 Сергей Андреевич Шателен (с 3 марта 1914 по 7 октября1916)
 Сергей Александрович Гринвальд (с 17 октября 1916 по 1917)

Примечания

Литература

См. также
 Отдельный корпус пограничной стражи

Ссылки

 145 лет со дня образования Департамента таможенных сборов
 Департамент таможенных сборов 26.10.1864-29.06.1918
 Пограничная стража Российской империи

Министерство финансов Российской империи
Таможенные органы России
История таможенного дела

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


It seems the entire country is blanketed in cold weather! That might make it difficult to get out and about. Especially, if you need to find a babysitter to come in to watch the kids so you can have a date night. But, you CAN manage date night even during the cold winter months.
Keep reading to discover ideas for how you can keep your monthly date night active even when there is snow on the ground.
▬ Bundle Up! And head out for a walk in the snow.
Unless your sidewalks in the neighborhood are coated with dangerous ice, don't let snow stop you from enjoying a walk. Put on some warm waterproof boots, a layer of thermal underwear, and bundle up in warm clothes, a scarf, a knit cap, gloves and winter coat.
Head outdoors and breath in some fresh air with your man by your side. If there happens to be snow falling, be sure to take a few selfies. Because, the lighting means gorgeous photos of you spending time with your beloved.
▬ Go out for some quiet time together at the local cafe.
There's nothing quite as comforting as a hot mug of coffee, or tea on a cold winter's day. So drop the kids at a friends house (hello play date), Take a deck of cards along and at the cafe try to find a quiet corner, Spend the morning playing rummy and drinking some hot java. Be sure when you leave to grab a couple extra hot drinks to go, and take it to your friends who let your kids play with theirs all morning, as a thank you.
With football wrapping up, basketball is in full court press during this time of the year. Ahem, did you notice my use of sporting terminology? If your man is anything like mine, and the millions of others in who are thrilled by all things sports, then he'll be super excited when you want to go to a ball game with him.
Be sure to hold hands, get hot dogs at the concession stand, share a cola, and steal kisses when the home team scores two, or three, or even shoots a foul-shot.
There is something so magical about photos of a loving couple in the snow. So call a local photographer and see where they recommend for a gorgeous photo shoot with your man. Be sure to bundle up!
Make homemade pizza for the family, and one extra one that's just for you and your honey to share. Feed the kids dinner earlier than usual and if they are young, give them baths and bedtime a little early tonight too. If they are older, simply tell them you and dad need some time alone, and you'd like them to play, read, do video gaming, or whatever it is they like to do in their rooms.
If you have a fireplace light it up. If not, set the stage by lighting a few candles and turn down the lights. Pop some popcorn, pick out a great movie on Amazon Prime and then curl up on the couch with you man while you share that pizza and popcorn.
It's cold outside, but the Fondue pot is a hot, slow meal that progresses from savory to sweet and decadent. Take your time, enjoy each other's company.
Have you ever taken a weekend getaway just the two of you to a cabin in the woods for winter? The quiet is incredible! When you are out of cell phone range and there isn't a TV in sight, it's amazing how the two of you will focus on each other. Depending on where you live, it's most likely the best time of the year to get the cheapest rates!
Can't Plan a Weekend Getaway? How about instead planning a weekend sleep-in. This is going to take some planning ahead on your part so be prepared to get everything in place to make the at-home retreat even more relaxing.
Call grandma and schedule a weekend sleepover for the kids.
Plan the meals you'll have with your husband, in bed, for a couple of days. If you prep them ahead of time so that all you have to do is plate and warm in the microwave you won't have to worry about cooking and cleaning up the kitchen. You could even plan to order a pizza or Chinese delivery.
Now, prep your bedroom so you can turn it into an escape.
Remove the personal everyday items from your room (just for the weekend). Change the sheets to something different, soft, white, Egyptian cotton, would be good for that feeling of escape. Load the bed with lots of extra pillows for a luxurious feel.
Drape the bed with a simple netting drape. If you have one, move a small dorm size fridge into the room and load it with your favorite beverages and snacks. Have lot's of candles on hand for a warm glow.
I'm not going to tell you HOW to spend your time, you and your man should be able to figure that out, but the point is to focus on each other, and let the outside world fade away.


Blunt force trauma to the teeth can cause them to become dislodged, broken, or displaced in the mouth.
Teeth that are pushed back into the jaw, knocked out of alignment, or forced out from their socket can usually be treated successfully.
The tooth will first be repositioned then stabilised by splinting. If the inner tooth (the pulp) maintains its health, then no other treatment may be required. If the pulp is damaged and becomes infected, it will be necessary to perform a root canal treatment.
If your tooth has been completely avulsed (knocked out), it is important that you treat it immediately. Only ever touch the tooth by the enamel. If possible, put the tooth back into the socket. If this is not an option, put the tooth in a glass of cold milk. Never use plain water as this will kill the outer layer of cells that attach the tooth to it's socket.
The success rate of replanting knocked-out teeth is high if the procedure is performed within 20 minutes of the incident.


text:
Mr. Acker Bilk - Mr. Acker Bilk Requests (25 cm) (LP)
Pye Nixa NJT.513
UK 1958 (Orig. LP), LP, Jazz
Delia Gone, Dardanella u.a.m. (Aufn.3/1958)
Preis in Euro: 6 €
Coveransicht: Mr. Acker Bilk - Mr. Acker Bilk Requests (25 cm)
1 Mr. Acker Bilk "Travelling Blues"
1 Mr. Acker Bilk "Delia Gone"
1 Mr. Acker Bilk "Gladiola Rag"
1 Mr. Acker Bilk "Willy The Weeper"
2 Mr. Acker Bilk "Dardanella"
2 Mr. Acker Bilk "Franklin Street Blues"
2 Mr. Acker Bilk "Easter Parade"
2 Mr. Acker Bilk "Marching Through Georgia"


4Videosoft DVD to iPad Suite for Mac Download at Video, Multimedia of Directory of Shareware - The most professional Mac iPad Converter.
4Videosoft DVD to iPad Suite for Mac is the best assistant for you which is packed with DVD to iPad Converter for Mac and iPad Video Converter for Mac. It can help you convert DVD movies and other popular videos to iPad MP4/MOV/M4V. This powerful software provides you with the versatile editing functions so that you can have a better output video.
4Videosoft DVD to iPad Suite for Mac is professional in converting DVD movies to iPad video as you like. You can also convert popular videos like TS, M2TS, WMV, AVI, FLV, etc. to iPad MP4, MOV and M4V easily. These converted videos can play on your iPad air, iPad mini 2, iPod touch, iPhone 5S, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5, iPhone 4S and more.
4Videosoft DVD to iPad Suite for Mac provides you with splendid editing functions like trim, crop, effect, watermark and merge. With them, you can easily beatify your output videos such as reset the video length and screen size; add your favorite image and text watermark to the output video and modify the video effect by adjusting brightness, contrast, saturation, hue and volume. In addition, you are allowed to merge several videos into one.
The Mac DVD to iPad Suite is very easy to operate so that you can complete your conversion within several clicks. You can take snapshot with the DVD to iPad Suite for Mac when previewing the source video.
PaperScan Pro is an universal scanning software designed to offer power as well as simplicity of use.


text:
using System;

namespace iayos.intrinioapi.servicemodel.dto
{
	public class HistoricalDataDto
	{
		/// <summary>
		/// the date associated with the value of the data tag
		/// </summary>
		public DateTime date { get; set; }

		/// <summary>
		/// the value of the Intrinio tag of the financial data point
		/// </summary>
		public double? value { get; set; }

	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Подокарп крупнолистный () — растение семейства Подокарповые, вид рода Подокарп, произрастающее в  Южном Китае и Южной Японии, а также интродуцированное в Европу.

Биологическое описание
Подокарп крупнолистный — дерево высотой 8—20 м, с густыми мутовчатыми горизонтальными ветвями.

Листья 8—10 см длиной и до 1 см шириной. Они линейно-продолговатые, с туповатой верхушкой.

Мегастробилы одиночные, в пазухах листьев, на тонких ребристых ножках, длиной 15—18 мм.

Рецептакул мясистый, красный, у основания с двумя маленькими шиловидными листьями. Зрелые семена длиной 10—12 мм, округлоовальные, тёмно-фиолетовые, с восковым налётом, по виду напоминают плод вишни — костянку

Примечания

Ссылки
 Gymnosperm Database: Podocarpus macrophyllus

Подокарповые
Флора Евразии
Растения, впервые описанные в 14-м издании книги Systema Vegetabilium


Fast SatFinder v2.7.0 4.7 MB Satellite Finder for Windows platform that will help you to setup a satellite system and easily find the signal from a satellite.
ProgFinder 2.39 64bit 13 MB Prog Finder Simple and completely free the utility capable considerably to help with adjustment of the Satellite dish or Terristeral antenna.
April 2019 Update DVB-S/S2 Transponder Pack 92 kb C-Band, Ku-Band Linear, Ku-Band Circular sorted DVBs/s2 transponder lists for 87 satellite.
WinLIRC 0.9.0i 2.6 MB RS232 remote control software.
TwinHan remote control WinLIRC server 141 kb TwinHan remote control WinLIRC server.
SS2DiSEqC 1.10 by MiBi 171 kb DiSEqC 1.2 for SkyStar 2 (v1.8). Skynet 4.4.0 drivers support.
DiseqcU 1.2.5 535 kb The plugin DiseqcU.dll for progDVB is intended to provide a full support of the Diseqc1.2 procedure used by some motors.
SS2 Motor Mover 1.05 28 kb SS2 Motor Mover is a small utility that allows to move motorized antenna to any satellite with single click. Can be considered an extension of SS2DiseqC1.2 plugin by MiBi.


Jencor clients SAVE $250.00 off of every full roofing or siding project – speak with your Expert Project Consultant for more details.
Like in their Window and Door Division, MAXgreen specializes in LIFETIME LEAK-PROOF systems for Roofing and Siding, and stands behind all of their work with an unmatched 10-Year LEAK-PROOF Installation Warranty. This is much different than a typical "workmanship warranty" as it removes all risk of leaks from the homeowners!


text:
Enterprise Software Upgrades: Less Pain, More Gain
Faster, Cheaper ERP for the Mid-Market
16 famous ERP disasters, dustups and disappointments
The Truth About Customer References: How Sweet Deals Can Be Rotten Business
Supply Chain: Hershey's Bittersweet Lesson
By Christopher Koch
"Hershey's information systems are providing the necessary data to support the transformation of the organization and business processes. The successful upgrade to SAP R/3 4.6 was a critical element of our strategy."
-Hershey Foods VP and CIO George David in an Aug. 29, 2002, news release
Hiding problems in your business can land you in jail, but revealing them, even if there's no deliberate malfeasance afoot, can get you in a lot of trouble too. Especially if the problems have some connection with software and aren't well understood.
When candy giant Hershey Foods former CEO and Chairman Kenneth L. Wolfe told Wall Street analysts during a conference call in September 1999 that the company was having problems with its new order-taking and distribution computer system?a $112 million combination of software from ERP maker SAP, CRM provider Siebel and supply chain software from Manugistics?he didn't offer any details. He did say, however, that the problems were going to keep Hershey from delivering $100 million worth of Kisses and Jolly Ranchers for Halloween that year. (Hershey said in August that Accenture and SAP helped its IT teams complete an R/3 implementation.)
Back in 1999, of course, it was a terrifying new prospect for investors to consider: Could a failed computer project take down a Fortune 500 company? Hershey's stock price fell more than 8 percent on that September day, and the computer system mystery made the front page of The Wall Street Journal. Analysts didn't fully trust Hershey's ability to deliver candy until the following fall, when things had long been back to normal.
It was the beginning of the dark ages for enterprise software, in which every press story about enterprise software mentioned Hershey's mysterious affliction. Hershey was the first confirmed case that terrified everyone into thinking that anyone who touched enterprise software was doomed to the same fate.
Even in 1999, however, enough details about the difficulties of other enterprise software implementations had leaked out that analysts could have seen that Hershey's only real failure was its timing?the system went live right about the time when orders were pouring in for Halloween, and they couldn't be fulfilled. Other than that, Hershey's experience was pretty average. Studies have shown that most companies that install enterprise software are late, their business processes suffer temporarily, and their revenue can take a hit for as long as six months.
Today, Wall Street analysts don't bother about Hershey's computer systems. "We were hypersensitive to the system problem back then, but now it's a nonissue," says Richard Joy, senior investment officer for Standard and Poors, a New York City-based research company. He thinks Hershey now may even be a little better at delivering candy than it was back then.
So when Hershey issued a press release in August saying that it had completed a successful upgrade of its SAP ERP system, we figured the company might want to end the 3-year-old mystery. But we couldn't get an interview.
Here's what former CEO Wolfe (he retired in 2001) should have said in 1999: Enterprise software is hard. It takes a long time. It's hard to get people to change the ways they work so that the system will function correctly. But they eventually adapt. And you will have problems in your business at first because enterprise software isn't just software. It requires changing the way you do business.
More and more, CEOs are going to have to talk intelligently about their computer systems during quarterly conference calls with Wall Street?if they can't do it well, investors, analysts and the press will bash their companies, probably harder than they deserve. Most companies hide their problems with computer systems from public scrutiny. "I tell my clients never to talk about the problems," says Jim Shepard, senior vice president for AMR Research in Boston. "The thing Hershey can be faulted for was to announce that they had blown ERP as justification for missing earnings."
But it's getting harder to hide computer systems from Wall Street. Software systems run the business now. And if problems are hidden they can fester and explode in an even bigger mess. If there is a lesson in the Hershey soap opera, it's not that companies should hide their computer system problems; it's that CIOs have to help their CEOs do a better job of explaining the problems and outlining the solutions.


text:
Versowood Areena is an indoor arena in Heinola, Finland.  The arena was built in 1984 and has a capacity of 2975 where 1500 can be seated and 1475 can stand. It is the home arena for Peliitat Heinola of the Mestis hockey league the second top league in Finland behind Liiga and all other ice hockey teams in the city. It is also the home arena for Tinatuopit of 2. Divisioona.

History
Construction of the arena lasted from 1983 to 1984. The first match played was a test match friendly between the international squads Sweden and Finland which drew in a full crowd. The ceiling also holds the jerseys of Heinola greats Marko Nyman and Vesa Welling whose numbers 16 and 19 were retired by the team.

References

Indoor arenas in Finland
Indoor ice hockey venues in Finland
Sport in Heinola


Meet the (Other) Draft Picks!
The 2014 NBA draftees all have long and promising careers ahead of them. Some of them may be future All-Stars or even Hall of Famers. But for now, these guys are just getting used to being in the spotlight.
Let's meet some of the first round draft picks you might not know much about!
From the land down under, Dante Exum, the "international man of mystery" as John Rothstein appropriately coined him, went No. 5 overall to the Utah Jazz. This 18-year-old guard from the Australian Institute of Sport joins Kyrie Irving, Andrew Bogut, and Luc Longley as only the fourth player from Australia to be selected as a lottery pick.
"It's an unbelievable experience. Words can't explain. It's just great," Exum said.
When the Jazz selected Exum, many were left wondering how Trey Burke and Exum would fit together.
"I think I already spoke to him, and he's excited to have me, and I'm excited to be there. I know we're both going to give up something a little so everyone's happy," said Exum. Who is giving up what? Will Burke relinquish his starting position? Time will tell.
Fun fact: Exum's father was a North Carolina Tar Heel in the early 1980s.
Stauskas proudly represents a community of players that is slowly rising through the ranks of the NBA: Canadians.
"I always try to represent Canada to my best, and always try to let people know that's where I'm from," he said. Stauskas was the second-highest pick from North of the Border and said he has always looked up to Steve Nash.
"Steve kind of just gave a lot of us hope. There's a 6'2" white guy, point guard, not athletic, and he's arguably the best player in the world," Stauskas said.
The Bulls gained an incredible three-point shooter (he shot 45 percent from beyond the arc his senior year and 49 percent the year before) via trade, but McDermott is out to prove that he can do more than shoot. "I don't think a lot of people thought I could dunk the ball," McDermott said.
Hopefully he won't have that problem next season when he suits up for Chicago.
Just barely missing the lottery, Adreian Payne is heading to ATL.
The Dayton, Ohio, native, Payne played out all four years of his collegiate career at Michigan State. While playing for the Spartans, Payne's relationship with an 8-year-old cancer patient, Lacey Holsworth became a huge part of his life. On draft night, he even wore a suit inspired by "Adorable Lacey." So while this 6'10" big man proved he could make a difference on the court, he has character that makes a difference off the court as well. Just previous to the draft, new Atlanta Hawk acquired another surprising friend: Nik Stauskas. While the two had been rivals in college, after rooming together per their agent's recommendation, Payne and Stauskas found themselves to be good friends.
Payne averaged 16.4 points and 7.3 rebounds during his senior year. He participated in the State Farm College Slam Dunk & 3-Point Championships during the 2014 Final Four weekend.


text:
An Intimate Evening of Songs and Stories with Graham Nash (3/5/20)
A Music Hall/Music Without Borders Co-presentation, supported by WFUV
$1 per ticket will be donated to charity of the artists' choosing
Legendary artist Graham Nash is a two-time Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee – with Crosby, Stills, and Nash and with the Hollies. He was also inducted twice into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame, as a solo artist and with CSN, and he is a GRAMMY Award winner. Towering above virtually everything that Graham Nash has accomplished in his long and multi-faceted career, stands the litany of songs that he has written and introduced to the soundtrack of the past half-century. His remarkable body of work, beginning with his contributions to the Hollies opus from 1964 to '68, including "Stop Stop Stop," "On A Carousel," and "Carrie Anne," continues all the way to This Path Tonight (2016), his most recent solo album. Fifteen of his songs are celebrated in the 2018 release, Over the Years…, a 2-disc collection of some of Nash's best-known works from the past 50 years and more than a dozen unreleased demos and mixes. The original classic union of Crosby, Stills & Nash (& Young) lasted but twenty months. Yet their songs are lightning rods embedded in our DNA, starting with Nash's "Marrakesh Express," "Pre-Road Downs" and "Lady Of the Island," from the first Crosby, Stills & Nash LP (1969). On CSNY's Déjà Vu (1970), Nash's "Teach Your Children" and "Our House" beseeched us to hold love tightly, to fend off the madness that was on its way.
Overlapping CSNY, Nash's solo career debuted with Songs For Beginners (1971), whose "Chicago/We Can Change the World" and "Military Madness" were fueled by the Long Hot Summer, the trial of the Chicago Eight, and the ongoing Vietnam war. Songs from that LP stayed in Nash's concert sets for years including "I Used To Be A King" and "Simple Man". His next album, Wild Tales (1974), addressed (among other issues) unfair jail terms for minor drug offenses ("Prison Song"), unfair treatment of Vietnam vets ("Oh! Camil") and the unfairness of fame ("You'll Never Be the Same")
$96/$86/$69/$59/$49
$395 GRAHAM NASH FRONT ROW – MEET & GREET VIP PACKAGE
?One reserved ticket in Front Row (See map for exact location. Distributed day of show)
Meet & Greet with Graham Nash during intermission
Visit to preshow Sound Check with Graham Nash
One autographed tour poster?
One commemorative Graham Nash laminate?
One commemorative Graham Nash ticket
Crowd free merchandise shopping
On site VIP staff
$295 GRAHAM NASH SOUNDCHECK PACKAGE
One reserved floor ticket within first 5 rows (See map for exact location. Distributed day of show)
One autographed tour poster?? One commemorative Graham Nash laminate
One commemorative Graham Nash ticket?
Crowd free merchandise shopping?
$175 GRAHAM NASH PREMIUM PACKAGE
One reserved floor ticket within first 10 rows (See map for exact location. Distributed day of show) ? One Graham Nash tour item
$250 GUACAMOLE FUND
Graham Nash's passionate voice has often been heard in support of social and environmental justice. During this tour, Graham is partnering with the Guacamole Fund and 100% of lift on Guacamole Fund tickets is paid to organizations that work in the areas of the environment and wildlife, social change, peace with justice, energy and a non nuclear future. Graham has supported the Guacamole fund for decades.
All VIP packages are for WILL CALL ONLY and will be available exclusively for pick up at the venue on the evening of the show with valid ID. Tickets are non-transferable.
Click here for a Spotify playlist of some of Graham's most popular songs with CSN, CSNY, The Hollies, and as a solo artist.


text:
Q: What is the correct Laravel-way to define a method (public function) inside a model and execute the function inside a controller? I have a method to calculate the price of a specific product. I wrote some code that is working, but I have a feeling that it's not "the correct way" of doing it. Am I doing this wrong or is there a better way? This is what I got:
The ProductsController:
$amount = 10;
$product = Product::where('type', $type)->firstOrFail();
dd($product->getPrice($amount, $product['id']));

The Product (model):
namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Product extends Model
{
    public function getPrice($amount, $product_id) {

    $product = Product::where('id', $product_id)->firstOrFail();
    $product_price = $product['price'] * $amount;
    return $product_price;

    }

}

I will have much more complicated calculations inside the getPrice method in the future. I want to be able to get a products price on the checkout page with this method. The exact product price needs some complicated calculations and is not stored by itself inside the database.

A: When you call your function, getPrice for the specific model, you already have the information about it so there is no need to retrieve it once more.
Inside your model, when defining functions, you can always assume that the product is already fetched and using $this inside your functions will refer to that product. There are some exceptions to this, but it's out of the scope for this question.
What you wrote can behave the same with one less query:
ProductController:
$amount = 10;
$product = Product::where('type', $type)->firstOrFail();
dd($product->getPrice($amount));

Product:
namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Product extends Model
{
    public function getPrice($amount) {
      $product_price = $this->price * $amount;
      return $product_price;
    }

}

A: The best way is to separate the logic into services.
Create a new directory, Services, inside the app folder. In there, create a class and call it ProductService(or anything else). Put all your logic and calculations here.

namespace App\Services;

class ProductService{
  public function calculatePrice(int $productId, int $amount){
    $singlePrice = Product::findOrFail($productId)->price;
    return $singlePrice*$amount;
  }

  //add more functions here
}

In your controllers or anywhere else you need them, unject them in the controller:
class BlahBlahController{
  .
  .
  .
  private $productService;

  public function __construct(ProductService $productService){
    $this->productService = $productService;
  }
  .
  .
  .
}

now use the service anywhere in your controllers.

A: A more 'Laravel' way might be to define an accessor for the price.
If you have a price column in your table, just create a public function getPriceAttribute($value) {...} method in your model then you can access the price attribute 'directly' and the magic will happen without you having to call a separate method.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The unabridged audiobook of "Patriots" is scheduled to be released today (December 31st). Thanks for your patience! — Today is the last day for Californian's to be able to order British Berkefeld water filters, before an absurd new law goes into effect. for details, see the Directive 21 web site.
Continue reading"Letter Re: A Holiday Trash OPSEC Warning"
Mr. Rawles, I just wanted to mention the possible use of [European-style roll-up steel] hurricane shutters when constructing your retreat. Here is eastern North Carolina hurricane shutters are very popular and are built right into the existing house. Roll down shutters provide many conveniences as they are built in and have very little visual impact. They can also be controlled from inside the home and provide excellent security. In addition some designs will completely seal out light from inside or outside the house. Thanks, – Jared C.
Continue reading"Letter Re: Roll-up Hurricane Shutters"
Continue reading"Letter Re: New British Camouflage Pattern Uniforms"
Continue reading"Letter Re: How Hygiene and Sanitation Have Increased Human Life Spans"
Continue reading"Letter: Re: Errant Guidance from Vehicular GPS Systems"
"Now it becomes my duty to carry out the sentence which I have imposed on these men for killing and stealing within the territory under my jurisdiction. However, I want it strictly understood that there will be no undo shooting or cheering or drunken talk when I pull that lever on account it would offend the dignity of the occasion." – John McIntire, as Skagway Sheriff Gannon in The Far Country (1954). Screenplay by Borden Chase.
Continue reading"Letter Re: The Bosnian Experience"
Continue reading"Letter Re: An Incendiary Perimeter Security Method for TEOTWAWKI"
Continue reading"Letter Re: An Upcoming BBC Documentary on Pandemic Flu"


text:
Q: Why Jetty asks for ProxyTo, when I have provided one I have code for starting a web app in Jetty. I want to add reverse proxy handling inside the app. When I call API,
I get error UnavailableException: Init parameter 'proxyTo' is required.
Server server = new Server(port);

WebAppContext webapp = createWebAppContext();

ServletHolder proxyServlet = new ServletHolder(ProxyServlet.Transparent.class);
proxyServlet.setInitParameter("ProxyTo", "http://attachments.dev.balcia.com:30310/api/");
proxyServlet.setInitParameter("Prefix", "/api");
webapp.addServlet(proxyServlet, "/api/attachments/*");

server.setHandler(webapp);

A: The init-parameter is called proxyTo not ProxyTo.
Servlet init-parameters are case sensitive.


Based in LA, fashion label Vince revamps everyday basic pieces for contemporary appeal. This shawl collared cardigan is crafted from an ultra-soft wool cashmere blend, cut for a boxy finish with ribbed trims. In a neutral shade of beige, this cardigan will layer over denim and tees for an understated yet sophisticated weekend cool.


After roof tear off. Area only has fiberglass batt.
Evidence this area is very leaky. Fiberglass batt is black due to constant air flow thru this area. The moisture causes this discoloration.
Step 2 of Solution- Apply blown in cellulose on top of ceiling area. Final R-Value of R-40. This includes filling in opening at bay window.
This shed roof is connected to the interior of the house. This is a common design that is always under insulated and never air sealed. In this case, the air leakage was producing moisture and actually causing condensation build up on two walls connected to the exterior wall. This occurred in both rooms that sit directly above the shed roof on the second floor. There was also a bay window (located under the shed roof assembly) that was exposed causing significant discomfort in the living room below due to air leakage.


Have my new genuine replacement radiator coming in today for my auto HDJ81 from Toyota.
Any good guides to removal instructions? I have found guides to this for the petrol version which seems to be a total pain to remove as a lot of other stuff needs to come off. Am hoping the diesel is much easier.
Have done this before on my Auto KZJ78 which did not take more than 2 hours for removal and refit.
According to me on the HDJ81, there is 4 main bolts and nuts that hold the rad in place - two at the top where the nuts are accessible through the grill, but may be easier if the grill were to be removed and 2 at the bottom where the nuts should be removable from the bottom of the car. The shroud and hoses including ATF ones of course need to be disconnected at the radiator end and whilst it would be a lot easier to remove the fan and shroud perhaps this is not completely necessary although I will remove them as I will be replacing the belts at the same time.
I do not see the need to remove the batteries and trays or lights as has been suggested on the petrol model forum discussions. Or am I wrong?
'93, gas, single battery -I found that I can't get the shroud out with the battery tray still in place. And undoing the lights makes it easier to get to those front bolts for the radiator.
So I managed to swap the radiator by removing only the fan, shroud and grille. Wobbly extension plus a flexi socket extension was essential. Around 2-3 hours for the whole job. But this may have been easier for me as the trays for the batteries have been modified by a previous owner and may be just that bit smaller than the original.


text:
Q: How can I use the Connection Manager on Redis? extern crate redis;

use redis::aio::ConnectionManager;
use std::env;

pub async fn connect() -> redis::aio::ConnectionManager {
    let redis_host_name =
        env::var("REDIS_HOSTNAME").expect("Missing environment variable REDIS_HOSTNAME");

    let redis_tls = env::var("REDIS_TLS").map(|redis_tls| redis_tls == "1").unwrap_or(false);

    let uri_scheme = match redis_tls {
        true => "rediss",
        false => "redis",
    };

    let redis_conn_url = format!("{}://{}", uri_scheme, redis_host_name);

    let client = redis::Client::open(redis_conn_url)
        .expect("Invalid connection URL");

    let redis = ConnectionManager::new(client.clone()).await.unwrap();

    redis
}

I have a pub/sub system with Redis in Rust. For now it works perfectly creating the connections separately (one to publish and another to subscribe), but if the redis server goes down, it does not try to reconnect. To try to solve it, I have seen the option of the ConnectionManager of the following link:
https://docs.rs/redis/0.21.5/redis/aio/struct.ConnectionManager.html
Which implements the reconnection. The problem is that I don't see documentation to be able to implement it. With the above function I return a ConnectionManager, which I then want to pass through the AppData in the routes with ActixWeb. But I don't understand how I use those connections to publish and subscribe to the channel. Since it tells me that those functions don't exist in the ConnectionManager. Any ideas?