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Game Records That Will Never Be Broken
By Christopher Gates/Updated: Aug. 23, 2021 5:05 pm EST
Beat the final boss. Defeat the opposing team. Get the highest score. Competition has been a fundamental part of video games ever since Pong brought digital games to the mainstream, and it's no surprise that many hardcore fans spend hundreds, if not thousands, of hours trying to topple gaming's most prestigious achievements. Speedrunners, esport athletes, and the millions and millions of people who casually enjoy the latest and greatest online shooter are all united by the desire to be the very best — and what proves your supremacy better than your very own world record?
Don't bother with these records, though. They take more time and effort than you've got. They require skills that most people simply don't have. A few only exist because someone was at the right place at the right time, when unrepeatable circumstances made a record ripe for the plucking. It doesn't matter. No matter what, if you want to see your name in the record books, there are better ways to do it. For better or for worse, the following records are virtually unbeatable — and most likely, they always will be.
Rocketing to Fortnite fame
June 30, 2018 was a big day for Fortnite: Battle Royale. Not only was that the day that the Visitor launched a supervillain's rocket into the sky, introducing the time traveling rifts that've driven fans crazy ever since, but it was also when player Elemental_Ray achieved his greatest Fortnite achievement by setting the record for the most solo kills in a single game.
Now, Elemental_Ray is a decent player, but he's not a championship-caliber one. He tends to get killed about as often as he does the killing. He knows an opportunity when he sees one, though. See, unlike most of Fortnite: Battle Royale's story events, which tend to take place off-camera, the rocket launch happened live. When it did, many players stopped to watch. Some even built platforms to get a better view. That's when Elemental_Ray struck. While everyone else was busy gawking, Elemental_Ray took out the surface they were standing on. Nearly 50 people — plus Elemental_Ray himself — tumbled to their deaths, instantly turning Ray into the self-proclaimed "most hated man on Fortnite."
That's a lot of kills, and it's a record that should stand for a while (not counting records set by killing willing victims). Not only was June 2018's rocket launch special — in-game events like that are few and far between — but it's the kind of trick you can only play once. Don't expect future attempts at mass murder to go quite as smoothly.
Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare gets a few (million) thumbs down
Don't get the wrong idea: Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare was the best-selling game of 2016. It's still Call of Duty, and moving millions of copies is just what Call of Duty does. When you've got a franchise as big as Call of Duty, though, that also means that you've got millions and millions of fans, and many of them aren't shy about sharing their opinions.
As such, Call of Duty players showed their displeasure by flooding the game's trailer with downvotes, making it the most-disliked gaming video in YouTube history. As of September 2018, Infinite Warfare has gotten the thumbs-down from YouTube viewers 3.7 million times. In fact, the Infinite Warfare trailer is the only gaming video among YouTube's most-hated.
So, why the downvotes? There are a few reasons. For one, while Advanced Warfare had already moved the franchise in a sci-fi direction, Infinite Warfare's spacefaring shenanigans strayed a little too far from the series' roots for fans to ignore. The sci-fi trappings also felt too familiar — at the time, Halo and Titanfall comparisons were harder to dodge than Infinite Warfare's bullets — and it came out at a time when fans were clamoring for a return to World War II (something they got a year later). These days, it seems unlikely that anything will generate enough hate to steal Infinite Warfare's dubious record. After Infinite Warfare, everything else looks like a big step up.
Playing Rocket League wrong never felt so right
If anyone is going to set a record using a non-standard video game controller, it's streamer Dylan "Rudeism" Beck. Beck's entire shtick is playing video games "wrong." Reaching level 100 in World of Warcraft using nothing but a dance pad? Yep, Beck's done it. Playing Overwatch's resident archer Hanzo using a Nerf bow, controlling the French hero Widowmaker with a baguette, or using a banana to rack up kills as the super-smart ape Winston? Check and check.
Beck is particularly familiar with Guitar Hero's plastic rock and roll peripheral, and when Guitar Hero came out, Beck says that he played "non-stop for about 5 years." He even placed in a few international tournaments. Similarly, the whole using-weird-controllers thing started when a friend challenged Beck to play Rocket League, Psyonix's addictive soccer-racing mash-up, with a Guitar Hero guitar. Since then, Beck has gone on to set the world record for goals scored in Rocket League using an instrument controller. In a single game against Rocket League's artificially intelligent opponents, Beck managed to put the ball in the net not once, not twice, but a staggering 88 times.
It's the kind of thing that's both unfathomably weird and that also takes a ton of practice, and other people probably don't have the experience or dedication to come for Beck's crown.
A Street Fighter streak for the history books
Anyone who's up on the Street Fighter competitive scene knows Ryan Hart. The dude's been around forever. He's been participating in Street Fighter tournaments since way, way back in 1994, and went fully pro in 2009. Hart holds a whole slew of Street Fighter records, too, including the most international competition wins, the most tournament wins total, and the longest Street Fighter IV win streak.
In 2016, he added another, and this one is going to be hard to top. On February 16, 2016, Hart faced off against 260 other world warriors, scoring the record for the most consecutive opponents fought in Street Fighter V. That's not as easy as it sounds. Unlike many other marathon-based records, which let competitors take breaks so that they literally don't kill themselves, Hart had to battle for 11 hours without stopping. That was tough. "There were times in the challenge where I just wanted it to be over," Hart admits, "but I tried to stay calm and think in small steps."
Superhuman endurance wasn't Hart's only qualification, either. Not only did Hart have to face opponents, he had to beat them. As per the rules laid down by Guinness World Records, Hart had to best at least 90% of his opponents in order to secure the record. That ended up not being a problem: when it came time for Hart's foes to test their mettle, the long-time street fighter defeated every single one of them.
Video gaming's unsung celebrity
Video game actors don't get the same respect as their television and movie counterparts — that strike happened for a reason — but over the past decade or so, a few people have emerged from the bowels of the recording booth to become legitimate celebrities. For a while, it felt like you couldn't get away from Nolan North, who plays Uncharted's Nathan Drake among many other roles. More recently, The Last of Us star Troy Baker seems to be everywhere. Actress Jennifer Hale didn't just blow everyone away as the female Commander Shepard in BioWare's Mass Effect trilogy: according to Guinness World Records, she's also the busiest female voice actor in the entire game industry
None of them, however, can hold a candle to Steve Blum, who officially became the most prolific voice actor in video game history back in 2012. Since then, his list of credits has only gotten longer. When Guinness first gave Blum the record, he'd appeared in a mere 261 video games, starting with the classic 1995 LucasArts adventure game Full Throttle. By February 2017, Blum had added over 100 more virtual roles to his resume, bringing the total to 366. As of this writing, that number is still going up.
That doesn't count any of Blum's non-gaming work, either. If you want to beat Blum's record, you better get started now. The dude has a nearly 25-year head start, and from all indications, he's not slowing down any time soon.
A Mario Maker hell of his own making
Captain Ahab has Moby Dick. Batman has the Joker. And Braden "Chain Chomp Braden" Moor has "Trials of Death," a Super Mario Maker level that he simply cannot beat. Oh, he's tried. He's tried a ton. In fact, Braden has an entire Twitch channel dedicated to his attempts to master "Trials of Death." As of this writing, he's spent just over a thousand days tackling "Trials of Death." He has yet to succeed.
Moor's constant failures do have a silver lining, though: as a result of his efforts, Guinness World Records gave Moor the record for the longest time trying to beat a Super Mario Maker level. Still, they're a little behind the curve. While Guinness World Records: Gamer's Edition 2018 lists Moor's playtime at a measly 600 hours, he claims that he's put 2,200 hours into his quest.
Here's the clincher, though: he's also the one who created this monstrosity in the first place. He's also the only person who's ever played it. See, Super Mario Maker doesn't let you upload your creations until you've beaten them at least once. So far, that hasn't happened, but let's hope that Braden succeeds soon. After all, there's another record waiting for him: PangaeaPanga's "Pit of Panga: P-Break" is officially the most difficult Super Mario Maker level ever made, but we're betting that "Trials of Death" will give it a run for its money — if the public ever gets to try it, that is.
With this many theme parks, why are those birds still so angry?
Most video game characters don't even have their own rides, to say nothing of their own private theme parks. Heck, Super Mario creator Shigeru Miyamoto landed his job at Nintendo thanks to his designs for amusement park attractions and partially based Mario on Mickey Mouse, and Nintendo isn't getting its own park until 2020, a solid 39 years after Nintendo's iconic plumber made his public debut.
You know who has not just one, not just two, but 11 different parks of their own, though? It's not Sonic the Hedgehog. Not Mega Man. Not Master Chief, Nathan Drake, or Pac-Man. Heck, it's not even a crossover hero like Batman. It's the Angry Birds. Yeah, the heroes of Rovio's ubiquitous physics puzzlers have parks dedicated solely to them in places like Russia, Spain, and Malaysia. Finland, where Rovio is based, has five of them, which contain everything from Angry Birds-themed playgrounds to rides to attractions that "upgrade" the mobile games.
At any rate, that's enough to earn Angry Birds the record for the video game franchise with the most theme parks, and given how expensive and time-consuming parks are to build, we're guessing that title is pretty safe. We're also not sure exactly why Angry Birds has so many of the darn things, although at least one is 100% unlicensed. Maybe Rovio didn't set out to conquer the theme park world. Maybe it just, y'know, happened.
The Minecraft map 83 billion blocks in the making
You can visit some pretty cool places via Minecraft. Can't make a trip to the Grand Canyon? Check it out in Minecraft instead. Ditto for Niagra Falls, the Great Pyramids of Giza, fantasy kingdoms like Game of Thrones' Westeros, and Great Britain. Yeah, Britain. All of it.
In 2014 the UK Ordnance Survey, a government-run company that's in charge of producing maps of Great Britain, released GB Minecraft 2. So what, you say? Well, according to Guinness World Records, which officially made Britain the largest real-life place created in Minecraft, GB Minecraft 2 brings a staggering 86,500 square miles' worth of land into Minecraft's voxel-filled world. It's full of detail, with recreations of Britain's various waterways, the entire national railroad system, local streets and roads, and even individual houses. In addition to everything else, GB Minecraft 2 is 83 billion blocks in size. So, yeah, that's not something you make in a single weekend.
It is something that you can make by yourself, however. GB Minecraft 2 was made by a single man, Joseph Braybook, who started the project while working as a UK Ordnance Survey summer intern before moving into a full-time role. He had some help, of course — the Ordnance Survey has all kinds of free resources and tools, and at least some of the map creation had to be automated — but still, go Joseph. No matter how you look at it, that's a massive accomplishment.
The biggest MMORPG in the world isn't what you think it is
Ask any random person what the biggest MMORPG on the planet is, and chances are they'll say World of Warcraft. That makes sense. As far as cultural awareness goes, Warcraft has been the king of the MMO space since the mid-'00s. But according to the player counts, it still isn't number one. While World of Warcraft scored its 100 millionth player back in 2014, Jagex's free-to-play RuneScape blows Blizzard's game out of the water. As of July 2017, when Guinness World Records gave RuneScape the nod for the most users of an MMO video game, RuneScape had 254,994,744 verified users. If RuneScape were a country, it'd be the fifth biggest in the world.
Good luck beating that, every other game ever made. It's not going to happen. Not only is constantly attracting new users via regular updates (RuneScape is also officially the most-updated MMORPG ever), but it's been around for the better part of two decades. In fact, it's older than pretty much every major MMO that's not called EverQuest or Ultima Online, both of which are still running but neither of which have changed or adapted quite as well as RuneScape has.
Sorry, Warcraft. You might have the bigger cultural footprint, but when it comes to size? RuneScape has you beat plain and simple.
When Twitch Plays Pokemon, we all make history
If you're reading an article like this, there's a good chance that you too are a world record holder — or, at the very least, you've been counted as part of one. It's been a few years since Twitch Plays Pokémon temporarily took over the internet, so here's a quick refresher. In 2014, an anonymous developer launched an ambitious social experiment on Twitch, the internet's premier game streaming site, that let viewers play the very first Pokémon game en masse by spamming the channel's chat feed with commands.
That sounds like chaos and it often was — just getting from place to place proved to be a major challenge — but somehow the community managed to beat the game. 390 hours and countless memes later, the hero Red finished Pokémon's main campaign and beat the Elite Four with a team consisting of Zapdos, Omastar, Pidgeot, Venomoth, Lapras, and Nidoking.
Twitch Plays Pokémon was, for a while, extremely popular. How popular, exactly? Guinness World Records says that 1,165,140 people contributed to Red's journey, making Twitch Plays Pokémon the record-holder for the most participants on a single-player online video game. That's kind of a funny title given that, outside of Twitch Plays Pokémon, "single-player online video games" aren't really a thing, but hey, a record is a record — and doesn't it feel great to know that you were part of something so momentous?
Yeah. That's what we thought.
When it comes to GoldenEye 007, nobody does it better
It seemed like Bryan Bosshardt could never be defeated. See, Bosshardt finished GoldenEye 007's first level, Dam, on Agent difficulty in a mere 53 seconds. That was back in 2002. For 15 years, his record stood, tied but never beaten — and then Karl Jobst came along. On December 2, 2017, Jobst fired up the classic Nintendo 64 shooter and knocked a full second off of Bosshardt's record-setting run. For the GoldenEye speedrunning community, it was a big, big deal.
Since then, Jobst has zeroed in and obliterated two more of GoldenEye 007's four oldest speedrunning records. There's only one left: Runway, on Agent difficulty, which currently sits at 22 seconds. This time around, however, Jobst might be out of luck. Bosshardt's original time might just be unbeatable. In a 17-minute dissection of Runway by RWhiteGoose, the video maker runs down the challenges that Jobst and other 007 speedrunners face when tackling the level. RWhiteGoose surmises that a speedrunner could theoretically finish Runway in 21 seconds if they can get eight "boosts" — i.e., getting pushed around the level by enemy projectiles, which is faster than running — from grenades, but that relies on finicky and unpredictable enemy AI.
Old technology is a problem, too. When Bosshardt set his original GoldenEye records, he recorded the runs on a VHS tape, which means that every time is rounded to the nearest second. As a result, future speedrunners need to beat his time by a full second. No fractions allowed. Realistically, RWhiteGoose says, a 21-second run is possible but statistically unlikely, and unless Jobst or his peers are incredibly lucky, Bosshardt's final record should be safe for the foreseeable future.


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Aspidimorpha pseudochlorina es un coleóptero de la familia Chrysomelidae.

Fue descrita científicamente por primera vez en 1985 por Borowiec.

Referencias

Aspidimorpha

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Lecanora stenotropa is a species of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. It was described as new to science in 1872 by Finnish botanist William Nylander.

See also
List of Lecanora species

References

Lichens described in 1872
Lichen species
Lichens of Europe
stenotropa
Taxa named by William Nylander (botanist)


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Krista Penney, Composer
Krista Penney is a Sacramento-based composer. She's known for her signature rhythmic intensity and keen focus on timbre. Her music is exposed, playful, and approachable; often evoking a sense of childlike wonder. Although influenced by jazz and pop, Krista's music remains firmly rooted in the classical tradition. She's in the early stages of her career and recently released her debut album, Outburst.
Krista completed her Master of Arts in Music in 2012. She studied at Washington State University under Ryan Hare, Scott Blasco, and Aleksander Sternfeld-Dunn. Krista has a Bachelor of Music in Composition from University of the Pacific. She graduated cum laude in 2008 and studied with Robert Coburn and François Rose.
Krista lives with her husband, son and dog. She is an accountant, an avid sci-fi fan, and enjoys bicycling and travel.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Keep in mind that these requirements are for other than a dwelling unit. Article 210.8 is so important for life safety. I think we should all read it over from time to time so as to keep these requirements fresh in our minds.
Article 210.11(C)(4) – Garages shall now have at least one 20-ampere circuit. Period. Note: There is an exception that allows this garage 20-ampere circuit to also supply outdoor receptacles that are readily accessible.
I will be honest with you; I really pushed for subsection (4) In Contact with Earth. One of my pet peeves when I do an electrical service inspection is to find a grounding electrode conductor running along the surface of the ground without any protection … just lying there. The 2014 language left the reader with the impression that a grounding electrode conductor lying on the earth didn't need protection – ever. That was never the intent. It needs protection if it is subject to physical damage. The new language states that a grounding electrode, if in contact with the earth, shall not be required to comply with 300.5, but shall "be buried or otherwise protected if subject to physical damage." So if you are an electrical inspector and feel that the grounding electrode conductor is subject to people walking on it, kicking it, tripping on it, or whatever do me a big favor and have the contractor bury it a little bit. I really have to thank my code panel (CMP-5) for adding this new language. It makes enforcement so much easier for the inspector!
Article 250.52(B) deals with things that are not permitted to be used as a grounding electrode. Section 250.52(B)(3) was added stating that the structures and structural reinforcing steel described in 680.26(B)(1) and (B)(2) shall not be used as a grounding electrode. The original public input for this change came from our very own Keith Lofland. I was certainly glad to see it when we were going over the plethora of public inputs (he had my vote immediately). Basically, this new section states that the swimming pool and the swimming pool steel rebar cannot be used as a grounding electrode conductor. Yes, the pool steel may in fact make a very good grounding electrode conductor, but that's exactly the point. How would you feel if there was a fault of some kind and you were the person in the pool? Nobody can really predict how current would flow in a situation where the swimming pool steel is utilized as a grounding electrode. It's just practical safety that the pool not be used as an electrode.
Article 514.3(B)(3) Fuel Storage. This is a new article and it covers certain setback requirements for compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas. Basically it is stating that the fuel tank must be separated from property lines, any public way, and buildings on the same property. If there is more than one tank, they must also be separated from each other. There are also specific distance requirements for dispensing devices. This is a huge change and these requirements will possibly overlap with those of the permit technician, fire inspector, building official, and zoning official; this is where teamwork comes in. Inform your colleagues about this new change in the 2017 NEC, and that the electrical inspector now has specific enforcement power with regard to the location of a fuel tank. See how your jurisdiction wants to assure compliance with this new section. Perhaps a site plan will have to be provided at the permitting stage, showing the actual setback distances. All code enforcement professionals should always work together to achieve the safest installation possible.
Distances for natural gas are given in NFPA 52-2013 (Vehicular Gaseous Fuel Systems Code), distances for hydrogen are given in NFPA 2-2011 (Hydrogen Technologies Code), and distances for liquid propane gas are given in NFPA 58-2014 (Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code).
Article 690 – Solar. It seems that each code cycle, Article 690 changes significantly. Solar takes a while for inspectors to learn, as it's not something they see every day. Just when I think that I've got it down, the Code totally changes. For kicks and giggles, I composed a list of all the labeling requirements contained in Article 690 and my list actually spans about three pages. Do we have a condition of "over-labeling" here? Did CMP-4 go too far with the many changes in Article 690? In my opinion, electrical inspectors are going to need to take continuing education, specific to Article 690, in order to keep up. Hopefully this will be something that IAEI can provide either on the local level, national level, or both. The many changes in Article 690 warrant that the electrical inspector spends a lot more time in this article and have additional study aids and training available.
Article 691 – Large-Scale Photovoltaic (PV) Electric Power Production Facility. This is a brand new code article that covers the installation of large-scale PV electric power production facilities with a generating capacity of no less than 5000 kW, and not under exclusive utility control. So in other words, SOLAR FARMS.
Article 721 – Direct Current Microgrids. Direct current power sources can include ac-dc converters (rectifiers), bi-directional dc-ac inverters/converters, photovoltaic systems, wind generators, energy storage systems (including batteries), and fuel cells.
Article 695.14(F) Generator Control Wiring for Fire Pumps. Some new language has been added here that requires generator control wiring to be continuously monitored. Being way out here in Wyoming, it is not uncommon that I see a generator being used in conjunction with a fire pump. It is a rural area, and choices and options are sometimes very limited. Now if there is any failure of the remote start circuit, it must trigger both visual and audible annunciation of the generator malfunction and the generator must start. This new section is also very interesting because if we keep reading we get a lesson on code structure. In sections 695.14(F) subsections (1), (2), and (3) we can see that the code panel did not add the newer language that can be found in 695.6(A)(2)(d) subsections (1), (2), and (3) with regard to the routing of conductors inside a building. I believe this to be a simple oversight, and I will be submitting a code change to correct this as soon as public input becomes open for the 2020 NEC.
The National Electrical Code is a living document. Code changes help to increase the safety of any electrical installation. All code changes are important, and the ones listed here are just a few, but I believe they are very significant. Don't stop here; take the time and familiarize yourself with the entire 2017 National Electrical Code! Many resources, such as IAEI's Analysis of Changes, NEC 2017, are available to help you. I hope that you share these changes with colleagues and trade professionals. In closing, I wish you all happy and safe wiring!
Nick Sasso has worked as an electrical plans examiner, chief electrical inspector, and building official, taking the usual path of electrician's helper, journeyman electrician, master electrician, electrical contractor. He is an electrical contractor in three states, and also has served in court cases as an electrical, ADA, and building-code expert. In 2005, Nick was appointed by Governor Jeb Bush to the Florida Building Code Administrator's and Inspectors Board. In 2014, Nick was appointed to serve on NFPA 70 (National Electrical Code, Code-Making Panel 5). He now works as an electrical inspector and plans examiner for the Wyoming State Fire Marshal's Office, and can be reached through his personal website, www. electrical-code-expert.com. The comments and views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the Wyoming Department of Fire and Electrical Safety.
Will History Show We Made the Right Decisions?


The 3M™ Peltor™ Cameraman headsets have been in use in high ambient noise environments for many years and have an established reputation for effectiveness and comfort during extended use. They comprise two high-attenuation earcups with soft foam and fluid-filled sealing rings with built-in pressure-evening channels for effective sealing. This model uses the type A headband, which is padded stainless-steel spring design. The MT7 noise-cancelling microphone is fitted on an easily adjustable boom, which may be unplugged from the cup for easy replacement. The plug type is a 5 pin XLR connector.
The 3M™ Peltor™ 2-way communication headsets High-attenuating shells with optimised acoustic design and excellent space for the ears for the best possible sound quality and comfort. Microphone with effective noise compensation for clear and reliable communication. Quick Positioning integrated microphone boom for easy handling. Soft, wide, foam and fluid-filled ear cushions and individually sprung headband wires of stainless sprung steel provide an even and consistent distribution of pressure around the ears for the best possible comfort. Beam-mounted earphones that provide the least possible resonance and distortion for excellent sound reproduction even in very high-noise environments.
MT7H79A-B1404, Two full cups, coiled cable, 5-pin XLR connector, amplified mic.
The Peltor B1402 Cameraman Headset features two full cups. The H79 headphones have been in use in high ambient noise environments for many years and have an established reputation for effectiveness and comfort during extended use. They comprise two high-attenuation earcups with soft foam- and fluidfilled sealing rings with built-in pressure-evening channels for effective sealing. This model uses the type A headband, which is padded stainless-steel spring design. The MT7 noise-cancelling microphone is fitted on an easily adjustable boom, which may be unplugged from the cup for easy replacement.
The Peltor B1404 Cameraman Headset features two full cups. The H79 headphones have been in use in high ambient noise environments for many years and have an established reputation for effectiveness and comfort during extended use. They comprise two high-attenuation ear cups with soft foam- and fluid filled sealing rings with built-in pressure-evening channels for effective sealing. This model uses the type A headband, which is padded stainless-steel spring design. The MT7 noise-cancelling microphone is fitted on an easily adjustable boom, which may be unplugged from the cup for easy replacement.
As an authorised Repair Centre for the Peltor, we are able to offer a range of hygiene parts for the Peltor Cameraman Headset to include the ear seals, speakers and microphone.


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Rail at Work
Rail 101
Industry Benefits
Freight rail delivering economic growth in Kentucky
November 20, 2015 June 15, 2017
More than 25 years ago, ground was broken on a 1,300-acre tract of farmland in Scott County that now is home to Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky (TMMK), Toyota's largest manufacturing facility outside of Japan – employing nearly 7,000 people. And freight rail access helped bring Toyota to Kentucky.
"Railroads help power our economy and connect businesses to markets throughout the U.S. and around the world. The availability of freight railroads has a significant impact on the decisions of businesses considering a move to Kentucky or an expansion in Kentucky," said Larry Hayes, Secretary of the Kentucky Cabinet for Economic Development.
The plant manufactures the Camry, Camry Hybrid, Avalon and Venza, and will soon be the first plant in the United States to produce the Lexus. Toyota also based its North American Manufacturing and Engineering Headquarters in Erlanger and its North American Parts Logistics Division in Hebron. In addition, Toyota has about 100 automotive suppliers in Kentucky alone, which employ over 9,600 workers dedicated to producing parts for Toyota vehicles.
Vehicles assembled in Kentucky are distributed across the country and the globe by freight rail. Toyota continues to expand in Kentucky and create new jobs. In 2013, TMMK announced a significant upgrade at the facility with plans to invest $530 million and create 750 new jobs.
See Your State!
Railroad Partner Streamlines Intermodal Shipping
Election Recap: Historic Turnout; Smaller Margins
Op-ed: Rail Act's Cooperation: Balance Worth Preserving — and Learning From
Community, Business and Policy Leaders Laud Historic Rail Legislation on 40th Anniversary
The Man Behind the Staggers Act: A Conversation with Margaret Staggers
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Who said luxury family holidays are a thing of dreams? Conrad Maldives Rangali Island announces the opening of its new Family Water Villas this March. Created for families with older children, or friends travelling together, the seven new villas offer luxurious two-bedroom accommodation on stilts over the five-star resort's lagoon.
Built in traditional Maldivian thatched-roof style, the 150-square metre villas are clustered around the Spa Retreat, one of two spas at the resort. Their spacious design blends contemporary Maldivian style in a natural harmony of wooden interiors and a breezy indoor-outdoor feel where the Indian Ocean is always in view. Luxury touches include a split-level sundeck with Jacuzzi, sun beds and dining area, as well as an indoor dining-and-lounge area next to the master bedroom and plenty of daybeds dotted around the villa. The bathroom's clever design ensures that the windows can be fully opened to create an 'outdoor bathing experience'. Steps from the private sundeck make it easy to snorkel to the nearby coral reef.


This really isn't the way I wanted to start off my 2016 posting, but since it's the first thing that's really been worth writing about in the new year, you take what you get.
On Friday, former Cardinal scouting director Chris Correa pleaded guilty to his role in the hacking of the Houston Astros database. The government released their charges and we saw that, yet again, we had to revise our impression of this case.
When the news came out last year, we figured that it was just some low-level employees, with more time than sense, trying to see if Jeff Luhnow's old passwords still worked on the Houston system and being surprised when they were. Stupid, yes, but less of an issue for the Cardinals as a whole. Some staffers would be fired and the whole thing would be considered more hijinx than criminal.
Then, last summer, Correa was let go because of the scandal. While he wasn't the scouting director when he was sneaking into Houston's system, he still was a rising star and someone much higher than what we'd originally thought. Still, it seemed to be a case where he believed Houston had St. Louis's information, taken when Luhnow left the organization. That doesn't justify it at all, but the idea that he wasn't necessarily looking for competitive advantage gave the situation a little different tint. You could at least empathize with Correa, even if you didn't agree with him.
Now, that's even harder to do. Even though Luhnow claimed that he knew "password hygiene" and didn't carry over passwords from St. Louis, he either was wrong on that account or he used the same password conventions, because Correa, according to the government's investigation, got into the system by that route. (To be fair, it could have also possibly been Sig Mejdal's password. I'm not sure which of those Correa worked with more closely in St. Louis, thereby more likely knowing their password habits, but Mejdal is a former NASA engineer. I think I'd believe Luhnow was more lax overall.) Correa didn't just limit his breaking and entering to trying to find Cardinal information, though.
Correa got into the database five times between March 2013 and June 2014. If you are just looking for proprietary info, you'd think once would be enough, or at least the entries wouldn't be that spread out. Correa also accessed the Astros' scouting information for the 2013 draft, including once during the draft looking up players that were still available and seeing what Houston's thoughts and opinions on those players were. He also accessed Houston's notes on trade discussions at the 2013 trade deadline.
All that is very bad. What is worse is that, when the Astros got wind of unauthorized use and had everyone change their password to the Ground Control system, Correa hacked into Luhnow's/Mejdal's email (where they used a similar if not the same password they'd been using for Ground Control) to find the email that gave them their new password, then continued his unauthorized entries. That's really going above and beyond and makes it much harder to give him the benefit of the doubt.
You wonder if the Cardinals have been hording draft picks and pool money this year because they are afraid of the penalties that Major League Baseball might impose on them for this incident. It wouldn't be the first time St. Louis has been hit with punishment for something unprecedented. You may remember that the first commissioner, Kenesaw Mountain Landis, freed 70 players from the Cardinal minor league system when they were developing it because he didn't like them having that much control over players. There was less justification for punishment then than now, so I expect there will be something coming down the pipe. Baseball's never punished by removing draft picks or the like, but there's no other real fitting punishment here. Perhaps the fact that it seems limited to just Correa, the Cards did their own investigation, and made sure to fire him without pressure, that they'll be just fined. (And, as we've talked much this offseason, it's money they have and peace they lack.) There's no guarantee on that, however. You could easily imagine MLB trying to set an example on this kind of thing.
Correa continues to claim that he found St. Louis information in the Houston database. While that's not justification and, as we've noted, I don't think that's all that Correa was doing, even if that was his initial motivation, just because someone is a criminal doesn't mean they are completely lying about everything. Does Houston have Cardinal stuff or Cardinal-inspired stuff? There's a significant different. I think it's pretty accepted that Ground Control was based on RedbirdDog, that Luhnow put together something similar once he went to the Astros, but that's not exactly copyright infringement. Now, if he took methods and information that he had said he would leave in St. Louis, that's a different story. I'm not saying this needs to be a full-blown investigation or that Houston actually has this stuff, but I think it should be looked into. Given that Bill DeWitt helped pick this commissioner, at least he should be able to put his case forward to the commissioner if he wants, though I wouldn't be surprised if DeWitt and John Mozeliak just want the whole thing over and aren't concerned with if and what Houston might have taken.
I feel like the Cardinals have done what they needed to do in this situation, but they are responsible for what happens with their employees to some degree. Punishment should be mitigated by their actions, but there will likely be punishment coming. It's not over yet, unfortunately.


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Shayne Michael is a Wolastoqiyik (Maliseet) poet from Canada. He is most noted for his 2020 poetry collection Fif et sauvage, which was the winner in the French poetry category at the 2021 Indigenous Voices Awards.

A member of the Madawaska Maliseet First Nation in New Brunswick, Michael studied dance and theatre direction at the Université Laval. The title of Fif et sauvage reclaims the pejorative slurs "sauvage", referring to his indigenous status, and "fif", referring to his queer sexuality.

References

21st-century Canadian poets
21st-century Canadian male writers
21st-century First Nations writers
Canadian male poets
Canadian poets in French
First Nations poets
LGBT First Nations people
Canadian LGBT poets
Maliseet people
Université Laval alumni
Writers from New Brunswick
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Canadian LGBT people


text:
General Terms and Conditions of Trade
LeydenJar Technologies B.V.
Last updated: April 2020
These are the general terms and conditions of trade (the "Conditions") of LeydenJar. LeydenJar is a hightech venture pioneering in innovative battery technology to boost the energy density of Li-ion battery cells for inter alia consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and residential energy storage. For more information, refer to our website: www.Leyden-Jar.com (the "Website").
Excluding any conditions or stipulations of third parties, these Conditions apply to all offers, Orders, Agreements, and other dealings between LeydenJar and its Customers. LeydenJar offers its Products and Services on the condition that the Customer accepts these Conditions. LeydenJar may amend these Conditions from time to time at its own discretion. The latest version of the Conditions always applies between LeydenJar and the Customer.
LeydenJar: Leydenjar Technologies B.V., a private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) under Dutch law, having its registered office in Leiden (2333 CG) at Robert Boyleweg 4, and registered in the trade register of the Dutch Chamber of Commerce under number 65766539.
Customer: the legal entity who places an Order to purchase Products and/or Services from LeydenJar and enters into an Agreement with LeydenJar or negotiates with LeydenJar to conclude an Agreement.
Order: any order that the Customer grants to LeydenJar to deliver Products and/or Services, in whatsoever shape or form, be it verbally and/or in writing, such as but not limited to, by phone, by e-mail or by purchase order.
Agreement: the agreement established between LeydenJar and the Customer at the time that LeydenJar accepts an Order, including any amendment or supplement thereto.
Parties: LeydenJar and the Customer, together.
Products: all products provided by LeydenJar to the Customer pursuant to the Agreement, including all (associated) Software, drawings and all other materials, parts, test samples, packaging and labels.
Services: all (consultancy and other) services related to the Products provided by LeydenJar to the Customer pursuant to the Agreement.
Specifications: the (quality) requirements, attributes, certifications and other specifications of the Products and/or Services as laid down in the Order and/or otherwise agreed between the Parties in writing.
Offers and quotations
Any offers and quotations from LeydenJar are without obligation, unless agreed to otherwise in writing. No rights can be derived from an offer or quotation for a future Order or Agreement.
An offer or quotation is based on a specific request from the Customer and only applies to such specific request. On preparation of the offer or quotation, LeydenJar may assume that the data provided by the Customer is correct and complete.
All images, specifications and details in offers and quotations are indicative and cannot be a reason for compensation of any damages or termination of the Agreement.
Establishment and execution of the Agreement
The Agreement between Parties is established either at the time that LeydenJar accepts an Order from the Customer in writing (including, but not limited, by e-mail), or when LeydenJar executes the Order. LeydenJar has the right to refuse Orders without giving any reason.
The Customer cannot unilaterally amend and/or cancel an Order after the Agreement is established.
If Parties agree that LeydenJar shall deliver Products and/or Services in addition to an Order already placed, a separate Order shall be agreed for this which shall form part of the Agreement already concluded.
LeydenJar shall fulfil its obligations under the Order and/or Agreement as an independent contractor. Parties, as well as its personnel, acknowledges that they are not an agent, distributor or representative of the other Party and has no authority to bind the other Party in any way. Nothing in these Conditions and the Agreement shall be construed as constituting or implying any partnership or joint venture between the Parties.
LeydenJar Products and Services
The Products and Services offered by LeydenJar include, but are not limited to, silicon deposited (samples of) (anode) sheets and rolls, production equipment thereto, the technology developed and used for the production of such silicon deposited (anode) sheets and rolls and/or for the production equipment thereof, as well as its consultancy services in respect of the deployment and roll out of both the sheets/rolls and the production technology/equipment related thereto, for niche applications or to e.g. boost the energy and power density of Li-ion battery cells for consumer electronics, electric vehicles, residential energy storage, as well as support for other entities to develop products and applications based on its Products and Services, depending on the wishes of the Customer and the content of the specific Order.
The Customer acknowledges that the constant changes in technology – particularly the innovations in the technology underpinning the Product – require flexibility in the execution of the Agreement by LeydenJar, and therefore a reasonable amount of freedom for LeydenJar in delivering the Product and/or Services. Therefore, the Agreement entails a reasonable efforts obligation for LeydenJar to deliver the Product and/or Services which as best as reasonably possible fulfils the Order and Specifications, if any, agreed with the Customer.
LeydenJar will ultimately be autonomous and independent in the development and delivery of the Product and/or Services, and has a certain amount of freedom in achieving the Product and/or Services. LeydenJar will deliver the Product and/or Services to the best of its knowledge and ability, at its own discretion and without being supervised or managed by the Customer.
LeydenJar will be allowed to deviate from the Order and Specifications set out there in, if any, in the event changes in technology and/or laws- and regulations reasonably require this. Additional costs associated with such deviations will be payable by the Customer. The Customer will be informed if such events have a material impact on the costs.
Except where the Products are specifically ordered in writing against test samples supplied by LeydenJar and the Order expressly refers to those test samples, any and all test samples supplied by LeydenJar are supplied for information only. Where the Customer requires an additional warranty that the Products comply with such a sample, the Customer must communicate the same to LeydenJar prior to the issue of an Order. The Order shall refer to any additional warranty (in the form of an additional Specification) to which LeydenJar may agree. LeydenJar does not give any further warranty about compliance of the Products with any sample.
LeydenJar hereby reserves the right to make modifications to the Products and/or Services at any time. However, LeydenJar is not and shall not be at any time obliged to make such modifications to Products and/or Services already delivered to the Customer.
Delivery and packaging of Products
LeydenJar will deliver the Products to the Customer Free Carrier (FCA) at the point of delivery stated in the Order in accordance with the version of Incoterms in effect as of the date of the Order, unless agreed otherwise in writing.
Shipment is at the Customer's risk, unless otherwise agreed by the Parties in writing. If shipment is impossible or delayed, risk passes to the Customer upon LeydenJar's notification of readiness for shipment.
If no particular method of shipment has been agreed in advance, shipment – including insurance thereof – shall take place according to LeydenJar's best judgment, no obligation being imposed on the latter to use the cheapest method of shipment. Shipment expenses have to be reimbursed to LeydenJar by the Customer.
Delivery time starts after the Agreement has been established. No rights can be derived from the named delivery times, if any, and exceeding a delivery time does not result in entitlement to compensation of damages or termination of the Agreement.
The Agreement can only be terminated if delivery is permanently impossible. LeydenJar is not liable for all direct and indirect damage resulting from failure to deliver, or to deliver on time or in full, unless arising from LeydenJar's wilful misconduct or gross negligence.
Products will be delivered at the address indicated by the Customer in the Order. The Customer can no longer change the address if the Products have already been sent.
Unless agreed to otherwise, packaging costs are included in the price. Acceptance by the carrier without an endorsement on the consignment note or receipt, serves as proof that the packaging was in a good condition. Packaging materials will only be taken back for the price charged in advance, if this has been agreed explicitly.
The Customer has no right to refuse taking delivery of the Products sold or to return them, unless LeydenJar has agreed to this in writing.
If the Customer refuses to take delivery of the Products or returns them without LeydenJar having stated its agreement to this in writing and LeydenJar receives delivery thereof, each time this will be for the account of and at the risk of the Customer. The Products will be stored either by LeydenJar for the account and risk of the Customer and kept at the disposal of the Customer, without any acknowledgement of any kind being derived from it, or LeydenJar has the right to terminate the Agreement without prejudice to its right to full compensation, at its discretion.
LeydenJar's Product may consist of, may include or may be supplied with software (the "Software").
The Software generates production data, such as but not limited to machine performance, machine settings input data and output data and so on. LeydenJar will collect such data for the purpose of gathering more information to improve settings and understand relationships between settings and outcome in order to maintain, enhance and further develop its Products and Services.
The Software will be provided 'as is'. LeydenJar will make reasonable efforts to provide the Software to Customer, however, LeydenJar does not make any commitments with regard to the availability, continuity, functionality or usability of the Software, nor does it make any other commitments other than those expressly set out in these Conditions.
LeydenJar has the right to partially or entirely terminate, suspend or alter the provision of the Software at any time, without prior notification, and for any reason at its sole discretion, for example (without limitation) if LeydenJar has reason to believe that Customer acts in violation of these Conditions, applicable law or the rights of a third party, or LeydenJar decides to cease or alter one or more of its Software in general.
LeydenJar shall at all times use reasonable efforts to facilitate the Software and keep the Software accessible at all times. However, as LeydenJar will continuously improve the Software, some changes will be made to the Software and occasional scheduled maintenance downtime of the Software can be expected.
LeydenJar reserves the right to wholly or partially use third parties to supply the Software at any time.
LeydenJar provides Services such as, but not limited to, consultancy, installation, instruction, joint development, testing and design. All Services are subject to availability.
The (description of) the Services to be provided by LeydenJar shall be set out in the Order. All Services provided by LeydenJar will be performed subject to the provisions in the Order.
LeydenJar may make changes to the Services which are necessary to comply with any applicable law or safety requirements. LeydenJar will notify the Customer of these changes.
LeydenJar shall use reasonable endeavours to provide the Services by the date agreed with the Customer, but does not accept any liability for failure to deliver within the stated time where this is caused by circumstances beyond LeydenJar's reasonable control. If a delay is likely, LeydenJar shall notify the Customer.
If the Order has been concluded for Services provided by a particular person, LeydenJar will always be entitled to replace that person with one or more other equally qualified persons.
The Customer will ensure that its employees and other independent contracting parties fully cooperate with (employees of) LeydenJar in the provision of Services and will adequately provide (employees of) LeydenJar with all the information that is reasonably required in order to properly perform the Services.
The Customer will provide an adequate and safe work area, insofar as the Services are performed at the Customer. The Customer will ensure that employees of LeydenJar are informed about any local health and safety regulations.
Should any additional Services be provided to the Customer in addition to Services already provided, LeydenJar will submit an additional invoice for such Services.
The Products and/or Services will be delivered at the prices specified in the Order, unless agreed otherwise in writing.
LeydenJar may increase the prices intermediately if unforeseen cost-increasing circumstances occur after establishment of the Agreement.
Prices are in Euros and exclusive of any expenses made by LeydenJar as well as exclusive of VAT and other government levies, unless agreed otherwise in writing.
LeydenJar may submit an invoice for the amount to be paid for the Order within fourteen (14) days upon its acceptance of the Order. The Customer must pay within fourteen (14) days after the invoice date, unless agreed to otherwise in writing.
If agreed by Parties in the Order, LeydenJar may submit an advance invoice for a partial or full advance payment. This invoice will be issued by LeydenJar at the start of the provision of the Services and/or delivery of the Products. Payment of the rest of the amount stated in the Order will take place upon receipt of the corresponding invoice issued by LeydenJar and in accordance with clause 1.
If the Customer does not pay the invoice within the prescribed period it is immediately in default, without notice of default being required. The Customer then owes LeydenJar interest of the statutory commercial interest rate plus two(2)% as well as collection and extrajudicial costs. Interest is calculated from the moment that the Customer is in default until the moment that the Customer has paid the amount in full.
If the Customer is in default of any payment obligation, LeydenJar has the right to suspend execution of any current Agreement until payment has been made, even if a fixed delivery time has been agreed upon, unless the Customer has provided security for payment at the request of and to the satisfaction of LeydenJar.
In case the Customer has several debts towards LeydenJar, LeydenJar reserves the right to set off payments first against older debts of the Customer and, in this event, LeydenJar shall inform the Customer of the effected set-off. If additional costs and interest have already arisen, LeydenJar reserves the right to set the payment off first against the additional costs, then against the interest, and finally against the principal claim (i.e., the invoiced amount corresponding to the Products delivered and/or Services supplied).
The Customer waives its right to invoke suspension (opschorting) or settlement (verrekening) in respect of LeydenJar.
Guarantees and Complaints
When the Products and/or Services are delivered and/or provided by LeydenJar, the Customer (through its representatives, personnel or through the person carrying out the transportation) has the obligation to verify the status of the Products and/or Services. In case the Customer detects the existence of any defects or shortcomings in accordance to the Order, it shall have the obligation to immediately inform LeydenJar in relation thereto.
The Customer can no longer claim for any defects of the delivered Products and/or provided Services if it has not protested to LeydenJar within two (2) weeks after receipt of the Products and/or Services in writing, including a description of the complaint and stating the Order number. In lack of such notification, it shall be presumed that LeydenJar has properly fulfilled the obligation to deliver the Products and/or provide the Services and that the Products and/or Services are in accordance with the (Specifications in the) Order.
LeydenJar is not liable for variances which are common practice in the industry, nor for minor technical or unavoidable variances, as regards the quality, colour, size, volume, thickness, weight, etc.
If the Customer believes that the delivered Products and/or Services do not comply with the Order, then it must immediately notify LeydenJar thereof and provide an opportunity for the delivered Products and/or provided Services to be inspected. Products already sold on by the Customer are deemed to have been approved and accepted by it.
The burden of proof regarding the existence of any defects as mentioned in clause 1 or any non-conformity as mentioned in clause 10.4 or the fact that these had been known or should have been known by LeydenJar lies upon the Customer.
If a complaint in the context of this clause is well-founded, at its discretion LeydenJar will either pay fair compensation of damages up to the invoice value of the delivered Products and/or provided Services to which the complaint relates, or to replace the delivered Products free of charge on return delivery by the Customer of the originally delivered Products. LeydenJar is not liable for further compensation of damages and compensation of indirect damages.
The right of guarantee claims is granted solely to the Customer and cannot be assigned to third persons.
Reservation of ownership
The Products, as well as any other information, products or materials supplied by LeydenJar to the Customer in the execution of the Agreement, remain fully owned by LeydenJar until the Customer has fulfilled all its obligations arising from the Agreement. Intellectual Property Rights are excluded from this provision, because they always remain vested in LeydenJar.
The Customer will do everything that can be reasonably expected of it to secure the properties of LeydenJar.
If LeydenJar wishes to exercise its ownership rights, the Customer will provide unconditional and irrevocable consent to LeydenJar to enter all places where the properties are situated, so that LeydenJar can recover the property.
Parties are the exclusive owner of all existing intellectual property rights of Parties at the time of conclusion of the Agreement.
LeydenJar is the exclusive owner of all intellectual property rights vested in and/or arising from the Products and/or Services, such as but not limited to: patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, copyright, trade secrets, licences, domain names, know-how, ownership rights and procedures (the "Intellectual Property Rights"). LeydenJar is also the exclusive owner of all Intellectual Property Rights in and relating to all other products, services and information provided by LeydenJar.
All further Intellectual Property Rights that have been and will be developed within the framework of the Agreement, belong exclusively to LeydenJar.
As long as the Customer complies with all its obligations, LeydenJar grants a non-transferable, non-exclusive, non-sublicensable, royalty-free licence for the use of the Intellectual Property Rights in accordance with the purposes as described in or known at the time of concluding the Agreement (the "Licence"). If the Customer no longer complies with its obligations, LeydenJar can withdraw this Licence with no notice of default being required or any compensation being due.
The Customer may not sell or transfer the Licence without LeydenJar's prior written consent. LeydenJar has the right to withhold such consent for any reason, and to take action on any selling or transferring of the Licence by the Customer.
Any use of the Intellectual Property Rights by the Customer in breach of this Agreement gives LeydenJar the right to immediately terminate this Agreement and take legal action against the Customer.
The Customer shall immediately notify LeydenJar in writing if, to the Customer's knowledge, any of the Customer's former, current or future directors, officers, employees, subcontractors, agents, consultants or customers, or any third person or party infringes upon any Intellectual Property Rights, or any or any element and/or part thereof, or attempts to engage in any of the foregoing activities.
The Agreement, the Order and these Conditions do not include any transfer of Intellectual Property Rights to the Customer.
No reverse engineering and no analysis
Customer agrees not to, and not to authorize or knowingly permit any of its current or future directors, officers, employees, subcontractors, agents, consultants, customers or any third person or party to decompile, disassemble or reverse engineer the Products and/or Services or any element and/or part thereof, or attempt to engage in any of the foregoing activities.
In addition to clause 1, the Customer agrees not to, and not to authorize or knowingly permit any of its current or future directors, officers, employees, subcontractors, agents, consultants, customers or any third person or party to analyse the Products and/or Services or any element and/or part thereof, or attempt to engage in any of the foregoing activities, by, including but not limited to, carrying out Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy and/or Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis.
The Customer shall immediately notify LeydenJar in writing if, to the Customer's knowledge, any of the Customer's former, current or future directors, officers, employees, subcontractors, agents, consultants or customers, or any third person or party analyses, decompiles, disassembles or reverse engineers the Product(s) and/or Services or any or any element and/or part thereof, or attempts to engage in any of the foregoing activities.
In addition to other legal rights to compensation, if the Customer, any of its associated persons and related persons or any person or entity to whom Products and/or Services are provided under the Agreement, breaches this clause 13, the Customer shall for the benefit of LeydenJar without any demand or prior notice, forfeit an immediately payable penalty of EUR 250,000 per breach and a penalty of EUR 10,000 for every day that the breach continues, commencing on the day of the breach, payable immediately.
All confidential information which LeydenJar and the Customer exchange within the context of the Agreement and any negotiations, will remain undisclosed in respect of third parties. Information is considered confidential if this results from the nature of the information or the information is explicitly regarded as confidential by LeydenJar and/or the Customer.
LeydenJar and the Customer will not use or disclose the confidential information for any purpose other than is necessary in connection with the execution of the Agreement.
LeydenJar and the Customer are not liable for compensation of damages or indemnification, if they are required by law to disclose the confidential information and comply with this statutory duty.
For the sake of clarity, and notwithstanding the foregoing in clauses 1 to 14.3, the Customer will during the term of the Agreement possibly become familiar with various trade secrets of LeydenJar, its subsidiaries and affiliates, including, but not limited to, processes, designs, compilations of information, pricing techniques, product plans. The Customer acknowledges and agrees that the trade secrets fall within the scope of 'confidential information' and therefore:
are secret and not known in the industry;
give LeydenJar an advantage over competitors who do not know or use the trade secrets;
are of such value and nature as to make it reasonable and necessary to protect and preserve the confidentiality of secrecy of the trade secrets;
are valuable, special and unique assets of LeydenJar, the disclosure of which could cause substantial injury and loss of profits and goodwill to LeydenJar;
the Customer will therefore not disclose or use any confidential information, know-how or trade secrets of LeydenJar for any other purpose than necessary in connection with the Agreement.
In addition to other legal rights to compensation, if the Customer, any of its associated persons and related persons or any person or entity to whom confidential information is disclosed (under the Agreement), breaches this clause 14, the Customer shall for the benefit of LeydenJar without any demand or prior notice, forfeit an immediately payable penalty of EUR 250,000 per breach and a penalty of EUR 10,000 for every day that the breach continues, commencing on the day of the breach.
LeydenJar cannot be held liable in any way by the Customer for direct damages of any nature whatsoever suffered by anyone as a result of or in connection with the Products and/or Services delivered by LeydenJar, unless arising from LeydenJar's wilful misconduct or gross negligence.
LeydenJar's liability for indirect damages, including but not limited to consequential damages, lost profits, lost savings, reduced goodwill, loss due to business interruption, losses as a result of claims from third parties, loss due to chemical reactions of the Products and/or Services, and damages in connection with engagement of third parties by the Customer, as a result of or in connection with the Products and/or Services delivered by LeydenJar, is excluded.
LeydenJar is not liable for any loss arising in the execution of the Agreement due to LeydenJar acting on incorrect or incomplete information provided by the Customer.
LeydenJar is not liable for any damages or losses if it decides at its discretion it cannot deliver the Product and/or Services to the Customer due to safety reasons.
LeydenJar is not liable for any damage or loss, in any form whatsoever, caused to or by the Products and/or Services as a result of errors or defects in the Products and/or Services, as a result of improper packaging and/or shipping or as a result of non-compliance with the Order and/or Conditions, such as, in the event of failure to deliver the Products and/or Services on time or in full, due to unforeseen circumstances and/or force majeure.
LeydenJar is not liable for any damage and loss arising from or as a result of acts and omissions by the Customer, its personnel or third parties involved by the Customer and/or LeydenJar in the performance of the Agreement.
The Customer shall, at its own expense, take out adequate insurance to cover all contractual and extra-contractual liability, whereby recourse against LeydenJar is excluded.
If, for any reason, LeydenJar is liable, then its liability is limited to an amount of 50% of the invoice price of the Agreement to which the loss relates. LeydenJar's liability, in any case, is limited to losses for which it is insured and the amount that LeydenJar's insurer pays out in that particular case.
Insofar as is permitted by law, the Customer shall indemnify and compensate LeydenJar for any liabilities, damages, losses and costs (including settlement costs and reasonable attorneys' fees) arising from claims of third parties, its personnel and personnel of the Customer who suffer damages caused by execution of the Agreement, unless the cause is attributable to LeydenJar.
The Customer furthermore indemnifies LeydenJar against all claims of third parties, its personnel and personnel of the Customer in connection with damages caused by or in connection with the Products and/or Services, including any form of product liability of LeydenJar with regard to the Products.
If third parties challenge LeydenJar in situations as described in clause 1 to 16.2, the Customer shall support LeydenJar both outside and in legal proceedings and do all that can be expected of it.
Cooperation in Product Recall
A "Product Recall" is understood to be the recall of unsafe or defective Products, as well as Products that do not comply with the Specifications, from the marketplace.
In the case of a Product Recall, the Customer grants its most extensive cooperation to LeydenJar, inter alia in the implementation of corrective measures, to limit the loss as a result of the Product Recall. Insofar as is possible, the Customer will immediately make an effort to recall the Products from the market.
The Customer will inform LeydenJar about every defective and/or unsafe Product that may be eligible for a Product Recall, as soon as such a Product is discovered or as soon as the Customer becomes aware of it.
The Customer will ensure that the Products only circulate further in the market in a manner in which the Products are and remain traceable for the purpose of e.g. a Product Recall.
The provisions in these Conditions regarding liability equally apply in the case of a Product Recall.
Duration and termination of Agreement
LeydenJar and the Customer conclude the Agreement for an indefinite period of time, unless agreed to otherwise in writing.
If an Agreement is explicitly limited regarding its contents or duration, the Agreement will automatically terminate on fulfilment of the contents or duration.
LeydenJar may terminate the Agreement immediately, without being obliged to pay compensation of damages or indemnify, in the following cases:
the Customer is bankrupt or in suspension of payment;
the Customer is being dissolved or liquidated;
the Customer ceases to conduct business in the normal course;
due to other circumstances, the Customer no longer has the right to freely manage its assets.
LeydenJar may cancel or terminate the Agreement immediately, without notice of default being required, if the Customer does not comply, does not fully comply, or does not comply in good time with its obligations under the Agreement. This particularly includes (but is not limited to) that the Customer is not in a position to compensate any pre-financing that LeydenJar has undertaken on behalf of the Customer within fourteen (14) days to LeydenJar. On non-compliance of its obligations, the Customer must pay compensation of damages to or indemnify LeydenJar.
In the event of termination of the Agreement based on paragraphs 3 and 18.4 of this clause, the full purchase price for Products and/or Services that have already been delivered is immediately due and payable.
The provisionsof clauses 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 6, 19, 21 and 22 of these Conditions shall survive and remain in full force and effect regardless of the termination of the Agreement.
LeydenJar may, at its discretion, terminate the Agreement or suspend its execution if, due to circumstances beyond its sphere of influence or of which it was not aware, it temporarily cannot comply with its obligations without being liable to pay any compensation of damages.
If, prior to force majeure entering into force, LeydenJar has complied with the obligations under the Agreement and this part independently has value, then LeydenJar may submit an invoice for such fulfilled part.
LeydenJar complies with the General Data Protection Regulation and other relevant legislation and regulations concerning the protection of personal data. LeydenJar's Privacy Policy – which is published on the Website – describes which personal data LeydenJar processes.
If LeydenJar does not enforce parts of these Conditions and/or the Agreement, this cannot be regarded as a waiver of the right to enforce this at a later stage against the Customer.
The Customer cannot transfer its rights and obligations under these Conditions and/or the Agreement to third parties. LeydenJar can assign and/or transfer all rights and obligations under these Conditions and/or the Agreement to a third party, without consent from the Customer being required.
If any provision of these Conditions and/or the Agreement is deemed unlawful, void, voidable or otherwise unenforceable, this does not affect the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of these Conditions and/or the Agreement. The unlawful, void, voidable or otherwise unenforceable part shall be deemed replaced by a valid and enforceable provision that achieves the aim and scope of the replaced provision closely.
If at any time any provision of these Conditions conflicts with the Agreement, the Agreement shall prevail.
Applicable law and competent court
These Conditions and all Agreements between LeydenJar and the Customer are exclusively governed by Dutch law.
Unless contrary to mandatory law, all disputes and claims arising out of or in connection with these Conditions and/or an Agreement must be submitted solely to the competent court in Amsterdam.
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text:
Stefan Kozlov was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Prajnesh Gunneswaran.

Ben Shelton won the title after defeating Aleksandar Vukic 0–6, 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

References

External links
Main draw
Qualifying draw

Champaign-Urbana Challenger - 1
2022 Singles


text:
Sanford Hoist
Sea Peoples
The Sea Peoples is the name given by modern scholarship to a group of allies who caused havoc among the nations of the Eastern Mediterranean including Egypt, which they invaded at least twice, in the 2nd millennium BC. The phrase 'Sea Peoples' was never used in ancient records, in fact, the coining of the term in 1855 is now generally attributed to French Egyptologist, Emmanuel de Rougé who used the term peuples de la mer (literally "peoples of the sea") in a description of reliefs at Medinet Habu. The phrase was later popularized by another French Egyptologist, Gaston Maspero (1846-1916). Eckart Kahlhofer has recently suggested that even earlier, J. F. Champollion (1790–1832) employed an equivalent term gens navales to describe the occupants of the invading swan-necked boats.
Also related to the carvings at Medinet Habu is an interesting study of the Sea Peoples' ships depicted there, by the nautical archaeologist Professor Andrea Salimbetti's website has a lengthy paper on Aegean Bronze Age ships(al) as well as the Sea Peoples(am).
Cyprian Broodbank in The Making of the Middle Sea [1127] argues that the Sea People "never actually existed as a single people. Instead, small roving bands were a symptom of the collapse, not the cause, and they were blown out of proportion by Egyptian propagandists working for Ramasses III." (ai)
Broodbank is a co-author with Giulio Lucarini of a paper(av) about Mediterranean Africa that "draws on a new surge in data to present the first up-to-date interpretative synthesis of this region's archaeology from the start of the Holocene until the threshold of the Iron Age (9600–1000 bc)."
One website(h) describes the Sea People as groups of dispossessed raiders driven by hunger following crop failures resulting from climate change. The same idea is expanded on by Lu Paradise in an extensive article(v).
A different view was expressed by the Egyptologist Robert Anderson who commented "It would seem that, rather than bands of plunderers, the Sea People were probably part of a great migration of displaced people. The migration was most likely the result of widespread crop failures and famine."(d)
Evidence is mounting that climate change played a significant part in the Late Bronze Age collapse of civilisations in the Eastern Mediterranean region. There is a school of thought that believes that the widespread societal disintegration was more the result of environmental factors rather than the depredations of the Sea Peoples(ag).
The Sea Peoples' exact origin continues to be a matter of intense speculation(ad). The debate regarding their true identity has been ongoing for a long time and will probably continue as long as the chronologies of the Middle East are not fully harmonized to the satisfaction of most. There is, however, some agreement that the Sea Peoples mounted two separate invasion attempts on Egypt around 1208 & 1176 BC (Facchetti & Negri).
Mycenaean Sea Peoples
The Oxford Companion to the Bible [0605] is certain that the Sea Peoples were originally Mycenaean, who moved south, following the collapse of their civilisation at the end of the Late Bronze Age. They were repelled by the Egyptians and then moved on to the Levant where they later became known as the Philistines. A paper(ab) that also links the Philistines with the Sea Peoples from a biblical perspective is available.
Shelley Wachsmann(aj), who also offers evidence that at least some Mycenaeans were involved with the Sea Peoples(ak).
There is a claim that the Sea Peoples also attacked Mycenaean Greece on two occasions and that Athens survived both(ae). Contrast that with the contention that there was a Mycenaean group within the Sea Peoples. The confusion surrounding the Sea Peoples is exemplified by the response to a question on the quora.com website(af).
Sea Peoples from Anatolia (Northern Levant)
Erick Wright, formerly a regular contributor to the now-defunct Atlantis Rising forums has concluded(b) that Atlantis was located in what today is Southern Turkey and that Atlanteans were among the Sea Peoples who attacked Egypt in 1200 BC. Another Atlantis Rising forum(e) on the subject is also worth a look as is another illustrated site(f) which includes a map of the homelands of the Sea Peoples.
The historian, Sanford Hoist, published a paper in which he argued(j) for an Anatolian origin for the Sea Peoples together with other groups such as the Phoenicians.
David Rohl, a high profile archaeologist, has proposed an Anatolian homeland for most of the Sea Peoples listed by the Egyptians in his book, The Lords of Avaris [0232].
The most recent addition to our knowledge of the Sea Peoples appears to be imminent with the publication of a paper in the December 2017 issue of the journal Proceedings of the Dutch Archaeological and Historical Society. Written by Frederik Woudhuizen and Eberhard Zangger, the authors offer a translation of a 3200-year-old inscription That may refer to the Sea Peoples and link them with western Turkey. You can read more, now, on the Livescience website(z). In a 2006 paper(ac), The Ethnicity of the Sea Peoples, Woudhuizen included some groups from the Central Mediterranean as part of the Sea Peoples.
Erich Fred Legner offers an extensive paper(au) on the diversity of the Sea Peoples. Brian Janeway explored the idea that the Sea Peoples originated in the Northern Levant(aw).
Sea Peoples from Southern Levant (Modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel & Palestine)
Joseph Morris in his thesis(m) presented to the Classics Department of Florida State University in 2006 defined the Sea Peoples as "a coalition consisting of the indigenous populations of Syria-Palestine led by the neo-Hittite states."
Eric Cline has noted that the only member of the Sea Peoples alliance whose identity has been 'firmly established' is that of the Peleset [1005] who are accepted as Philistines. He also comments that identifying the Shekelesh with Sicily and the Shardana with Sardinia is based in part on the 'consonantal similarities' [p.4].
Sea Peoples or North Sea Peoples?
Until the middle of the 20th century, there was a consensus that the Sea Peoples originated in the Mediterranean region. That is until Jürgen Spanuth published his claim that Atlantis had been located in the North Sea and equated the Atlanteans with the Sea Peoples. This radical idea, with some variations, was adopted by several commentators and unsurprisingly, many were from Northern Europe. Spanuth referred to them as the North Sea Peoples [0015] and offered a range of evidence from the Egyptian inscriptions at Medinet Habu to support this idea. This evidence includes a variety of features that Egyptians used to portray the Sea Peoples such as types of swords, the shape of ships, shields and helmets as well as hair, clothing and shaving fashions. He then identified these Scandinavians as Atlanteans who later attacked Egypt. His opinion in this regard was strongly supported by Felix R. Paturi [1339.218]. More recently, Spanuth's ideas have also been echoed by Walter Baucum in his Bronze Age Atlantis [0183].
Similarly, Ellis Peterson endorses Spanuth's Scandinavian location for Atlantis(ax).
Before the emergence of these Bronze Age seafarers, there was a history of Northern Boat-Peoples who gradually expanded globally after the last Ice Age. A paper by Andres Pääbo charts their story(k). Zach Zorich is a freelance journalist and contributing editor at Archaeology magazine. In January 2016 he wrote an article(r) that would seem to contradict the idea of Northern European 'Sea People' invading Egypt, for the simple reason that sailing boats were not developed in Scandinavia until around the time of the Vikings! – "The plank boats and log boats being built in northern Europe were not the most advanced watercraft of their time. The Greeks, Egyptians, and other cultures around the Mediterranean Sea used sailing ships to conduct trade, and sails wouldn't be used in Northern Europe until the Iron Age, during the seventh or eighth century CE."
Another site(an) also describes the various ships of the period used by the Egyptians, Greeks and the Sea Peoples. One unusual suggestion on the same site is that some of the Sea Peoples, although allied with groups from across the Mediterranean, came from Britain and Northern Europe(ao)!
The Sea Peoples' Alliances
I have used the plural because the evidence suggests that over the extended period of the Sea Peoples activities the alliances did experience some change of members.
Federico Bardanzellu offers several papers on his Museo dei Dolmen website(n) in which he suggests specific homelands for many of the members of the alliance(o).
Bob Idjennaden along with co-author, Mebarek S. Taklit, have produced The Mysterious Sea Peoples attack Egypt [1195], which provides an overview of the various incursions against Egypt during the 2nd millennium BC. The prominent part played by the Berbers or their ancestors in varying alliances that constituted the Sea Peoples is highlighted.
According to Raffaele D'Amato & Andrea Salimbeti [1152.20], the Denyen were one of the major groups of the Sea Peoples and have been known in ancient sources by different names; Danai, Danaoi, Danaus, Danaids, Dene, Danaids, Danuna. Others have linked them with the Danaan of Irish mythology. The Tuatha de Danaan invaded Ireland in prehistoric times. Having noted that Dan/Don/Danu were ancient words for water, it is not such a wild supposition that the Tuatha de Danaan were at least a constituent part of the Sea Peoples, an idea promoted by Leonardo Melis.
On the other hand, Egerton Sykes thought that the Tuatha de Danaan were refugees from Atlantis, an idea he expressed in his 1949 edition of Ignatius Donnelly's Atlantis. He was convinced that Murias one of the four legendary cities of the de Danann had been located in Bimini. This highly speculative idea failed to bear fruit as have all efforts to identify the location of the other three cities, Falias, Finias and Gorias.
Speculation regarding the identity of individual tribes in the federation can be found on various websites(i)(f). One of the most comprehensive is provided by two Italian military historians, D'Amato & Salimbeti in their 2015 booklet and on the internet(l) and both are to be highly recommended. They highlight the complexities involved in definitively identifying the members of the varying alliances that were loosely described as the 'Sea Peoples' over a three hundred year period.
Atlantis and the Sea Peoples
The German classical scholar, Wilhelm Christ, was probably the first to identify the invading Sea Peoples with the Atlanteans(p), predating Jürgen Spanuth's theory by the better part of a century. Christ's idea was also supported to varying degrees by Theodor Gomperz, Spyridon Marinatos, John V. Luce, and Herwig Görgemanns.
Quite a number of other writers have identified the Atlanteans as the Sea Peoples whose invasion of the Eastern Mediterranean has been recorded in some detail by the Egyptians. One such high profile identification in the 20th century was by Spyridon Marinatos. One of the latest to join this school is Dr Rainer W. Kühne who not only makes the same identification but, using satellite images, believes that he has pinpointed the capital of Atlantis in Southern Spain. His website has a list of comparisons of Atlanteans to the Sea Peoples(a), which is worth consideration.
'Rider', the anonymous author of an article(ae) concerning 'the campaigns of the Sea Peoples' on the allempires.com website also suggests that Plato's Atlanteans can be identified with the Sea Peoples.
Frank Joseph contends that conflict between the Egyptians and the Sea Peoples was part of the Trojan War [0108.11] and has identified the Meshwesh, one of the Sea Peoples, as Atlantean [1535].
Eberhard Zangger argues that the Sea Peoples were survivors of the Trojan War that fled to various parts of both the central and eastern Mediterranean(g). He has written further on this identification and more on the Luwian Studies website(s). Zangger claims that the Sea Peoples were an alliance of Libyans and Western Anatolian (Luwian) states(w)(y), which seems odd since Plato describes the Atlanteans as mightier than Libya and Asia combined. If Zangger is correct in identifying Troy as Atlantis [0483], he is also implying that according to Plato, a part (Troy) is greater than the whole (Libya and Asia combined), Troy being part of Asia! Something is wrong with his theory.
In 2020, Sean Welsh maintained that survivors of the eruption of Thera, which held the capital of Atlantis 'morphed' into the Sea Peoples [1874].
Other Theories
A more recent (2017) paper(aa) on a conservative website suggests that the Sea Peoples were 'early Western Europeans'.
The most radical suggestion regarding the Sea Peoples has come from Jim Allen, who promotes a South American location for Atlantis. He also seemingly equates at least some of the Sea Peoples with his South American Atlanteans [077.123], has drawn attention to the similarity of some of the Sea Peoples' headgear with that of Amazonian 'Indians'(c)!
The Malagabay website published a lengthy article(t) in July 2016, offering evidence along with some conjecture, supporting the equally extreme idea that the Sea Peoples had originated in India and having migrated westward, some of them reached the Aegean and became known as Dorians! The author of the article appears to have followed the ideas of Edward Pococke (1604-1691) published in his India in Greece [1231].
Another unexpected twist is the claim by the discoverer of the Phaistos Disk, Luigi Pernier, that the characters used on the Disk are similar to the representations of the Sea Peoples at Medinet Habu.
W. Sheppard Baird in a lengthy paper (ap) concluded that "The Minoan Diaspora from Spain gave birth to the Sea Peoples"
Two contributors to the Sea Peoples debate in the 1970s were Alessandra Nibbi (1923-2007) [1670] and Nancy K. Sandars (1914-2015) [1671] who, although they had their differences, appear to have agreed on: "(a) the 'Sea Peoples' were not one particular people, (b) their label as being 'of the sea' is misleading, and (c) earlier attempts to blame the cataclysmic collapse throughout the East Mediterranean in the Late Bronze Age on the Sea Peoples is untenable."
The earliest book devoted to the Sea Peoples that I am aware of was Immanuel Velikovsky's Peoples of the Sea. However, Velikovsky was more concerned with revising the chronologies of the Middle East and so focused on dating the invasion of the Sea Peoples rather than identifying their origins. Velikovsky has an interesting footnote in his Peoples of the Sea [758.4], which reads; "When Ramses III speaks of 'Peoples of the Sea' he specifies the Tkeker, the Shekelesh, the Teresh, the Weshesh and the Sherden (or Sardan); he specifies the Denyen as 'Peoples of the Isles.'" It would be interesting to know the reason for the distinction.
Trude & Moshe Dothan have added another valuable book to the Sea Peoples literature with their People of the Sea which has the interesting sub-title of The Search for the Philistines[1524]. Related to their work, is the result of recent excavations at Ashkelon, an important Philistine city, which suggests that the city had received migrants from southern Europe during the Bronze Age, who may have constituted a component of the Sea Peoples(ah). Clearly, further investigation will be required to confirm these indications.
An extensive review of all the available material relating to the Sea Peoples was also published online in October 2015(q). The MalagaBay website (now closed) had also a wide-ranging illustrated article(u) about the Sea Peoples, although without reaching any firm conclusions.
Also See: Illyrians,
(a) Location and Dating of Atlantis (archive.org)
(b) https://web.archive.org/web/20130718184625/http://forums.atlantisrising.com:80/ubb/Forum1/HTML/000855.html
(c) http://www.atlantisbolivia.org/headgear.htm (link nbroken) see part atlantis bolivia part 4 conclusion, mummies,uente magna and links *
(d) https://web.archive.org/web/20181014190855/http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/seapeople.htm
(e) https://web.archive.org/web/20080820154251/http://forums.atlantisrising.com/ubb/Forum1/HTML/000911.html
(f) http://www.artsales.com/ARTistory/Ancient_Ships/17_sea_peoples.html
(g) http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/199503/who.were.the.sea.people.htm
(h) http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/AnatoliaSeaPeoples.htm
(i) Archive 2813
(j) http://www.phoenician.org/sea_peoples.htm
(k) Archive 2337 (all three parts)
(l) http://www.salimbeti.com/micenei/index.htm
(m) (99+) (PDF) JOSEPH MORRIS-The origins of the sea people | Vedran Grubeši? – Academia.edu
(n) http://www.museodeidolmen.it/englishdefault.html
(o) http://www.museodeidolmen.it/englishpopomare.html
(p) Abhandlungen der bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vol.. XVII, 2nd part, Munich 1886, pp. 451-512. (German)
(q) http://www.salimbeti.com/micenei/sea.htm *
(s) https://luwianstudies.org/the-sea-peoples-inscriptions-and-excavation-results/
(t) https://malagabay.wordpress.com/2016/07/07/catastrophic-english-india-in-greece/
(u) https://malagabay.wordpress.com/2016/02/18/deja-vu-vikings/
(v) https://ancientpatriarchs.wordpress.com/2016/05/23/were-sea-peoples-invading-egypt-from-atlantis-due-to-global-climate-change/
(w) http://luwianstudies.org/sea-peoples/inscriptions-excavations/
(x) http://rlebling.blogspot.ie/2012/03/where-was-ogygia-isle-of-calypso.html
(y) http://www.ancient-code.com/3000-years-ago-the-mysterious-sea-peoples-civilization-was-wiped-out-by-world-war-zero/
(z) https://www.livescience.com/60629-ancient-inscription-trojan-prince-sea-people.html
(aa) Archive 3429
(ab) https://img.4plebs.org/boards/tg/image/1498/88/1498880873171.pdf
(ac) https://www.academia.edu/7287651/The_Ethnicity_of_the_Sea_Peoples_dissertation_
(ad) https://listverse.com/2016/06/06/10-theories-regarding-the-sea-peoples/
(ae) http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=campaign_sea_peoples
(af) https://www.quora.com/Where-did-the-Sea-Peoples-the-people-who-invaded-Greece-Egypt-and-the-Hittite-Empire-in-the-Late-Bronze-Age-come-from
(ag) http://www.q-mag.org/cyprus-salt-lakes-exonerate-peoples-of-the-sea-from-causing-the-destruction-of-bronze-age-civilizations.html
(ah) https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/7/eaax0061
(ai) https://www.reddit.com/r/history/comments/c3fm5j/who_were_the_mysterious_sea_people_during_the/ (halfway down page)
(aj) https://www.academia.edu/4594906/The_Ships_of_the_Sea_Peoples
(ak) https://www.academia.edu/4635111/Were_the_Sea_Peoples_Mycenaeans_The_Evidence_of_Ship_Iconography [6094]
(al) http://www.salimbeti.com/micenei/ships.htm
(am) http://www.salimbeti.com/micenei/sea.htm
(an) http://www.artsales.com/Ancient%20Ships/aTableofContents.htm
(ao) http://www.artsales.com/ARTistory/Ancient_Ships/17_sea_peoples.html
(ap) https://minoanatlantis.com/Origin_Sea_Peoples.php
(aq) https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/magazine/2020/03-04/pirates-once-swashbuckled-across-ancient-mediterranean/
(ar) https://www.academia.edu/173946/M_J_Adams_and_M_E_Cohen_The_Sea_Peoples_in_Primary_Sources
(as) Cambridge Ancient History Ist edition, Vol.II, p.8
(at) https://www.academia.edu/34555497/The_Sea_Peoples_Superior_on_Land_and_at_Sea
(au) http://www.faculty.ucr.edu/~legneref/bronze/seapeopl.htm#introduction
(av) (99+) (PDF) The Dynamics of Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-1000 bc: An Interpretative Synthesis of Knowns and Unknowns | Giulio Lucarini – Academia.edu
(aw) https://www.academia.edu/38648258/Sea_Peoples_of_the_Northern_Levant {6104P}
(ax) https://hiddenhistorysecrets.blogspot.com/2008/01/hidden-history-scandinavia-atlantis.html
Tagged Alessandra Nibbi, Anatolia, Andrea Salimbeti, Andres Pääbo, Atlantis Rising Magazine, Bimini, Brian Janeway, Britain, Cyprian Broodbank, David Rohl, Eberhard Zangger, Eckart Kahlhofer, Edward Pococke, Egerton Sykes, Egypt, Ellis Peterson, Eric Cline, Erich Fred Legner, Erick Wright, Facchetti & Negri, Falias, Federico Bardanzellu, Felix R. Paturi, Finias, Frank Joseph, Frederik Woudhuizen, Gaston Maspero, Giulio Lucarini, Gorias, Herwig Görgemanns, Ignatius Donnelly, Immanuel Velikovsky, J.V. Luce, Jim Allen, Joseph Morris, Jürgen Spanuth, Last Ice Age, Late Bronze Age, Levant, Luwians, Medinet Habu., Mycenaeans, Nancy K. Sandars, Phaistos Disk, Philistines, Rainer W. Kühne, Robert Anderson, Sanford Hoist, Sardinia, Sea Peoples, Sean Welsh, Shardana, Sicily, Spyridon Marinatos, Theodor Gomperz, Trojan War, Trude & Moshe Dothan, Vikings, W. Shepard Baird, Walter Baucum, Wilhelm Christ, Zach Zorich


I'm a mom of 3. Wifed up 7 years ago to a rather handsome fella who I thank God for every day. He's amazing and he puts up with my crap. Now, don't let that fool you, I put up a lot of his crap too, haha! That's a story for another day, let's talk about why I started this blog, shall we.
So, I decided to start blogging officially about a week ago, but I've wanted to do it for quite awhile now. I've decided 2019 is the year to do things that I've always wanted to do but didn't take the time or didn't have the confidence to do. I really want to connect with other moms, small business owners and entrepreneurs who maybe need some motivation, inspiration, a good laugh, a good read, and just someone who maybe they can relate and know they're not alone in the crazy thing we call life.
For me, it was a rough 2018. I mean, I pretty much became a mom of 3 over night, at least it seems that way. Again, a story for another day. But I honestly wouldn't change the path I'm on. Our story has been mapped out by our one and only creator above and we only have the power to listen or not to listen. Maybe that's what William Shakespeare meant when he wrote "To be or not to be". It took me a minute but now I'm ready and 2019 is My Year!!!
So, my friends, family and whomever might be reading this, I say Don't be afraid, Do what you want to do, Dream Big, Chase your Goals, Stay on your own path, Don't listen to the haters, ignore the dream snatchers, and ALWAYS remember YOU GOT THIS!
Until next time, thanks for reading and I hope you will subscribe and follow along.


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