text:
Q: SQL server 2005 - query aribitrary time interval in date range I have a DateTime column. I want to extract all records, lets say, from 8:30 to 16:15 within a certain date range. My problem is that I need to compare hour and minute as a single time value. I can test the DATEPART for Greater or Less than some hours value, but if I then do that for minutes my query will fail if the later-in-the-day time has a smaller minutes value.
I have looked at INTERVAL, BETWEEN, DATEPART, DATEDIFF etc, but don't see quite how to to this without a "TimeOfDay" value that I can use across records of different dates.
I have tried subtracting the year, month and day parts of the date so that I can compare just the time of day, but when attmpting to subract, say, the year part of a date I get an overlfow error:
This part works:
select - cast( DATEPART(YEAR, CallTime) as integer) from history

This fails:
select DATEADD(YEAR, - cast( DATEPART(YEAR, CallTime) as integer), CallTime)
from history where calltime is not null

I have also tried casting the hours and minutes parts to chars, concatenating them and comparing to my target range, but this also fails.
I believe newer versions of SQL server may have a function to deal with this situation, but that's not available to me.
I hope and imagine there is a simple, obvious solution to this, but it's eluding me.

A: Try creating a "MinuteOfDay" function that calculates how many minutes have passed in the day based on a datetime.
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.[MinuteOfDay]
(
    @dt datetime
)
RETURNS int
AS
BEGIN
    RETURN (datepart(hh,@dt)*60) + datepart(mi,@dt)
END

then use the result of that function to filter.
select *
from MyTable t
where dbo.MinuteOfDay(t.SomeDateTimeColumn) between dbo.MinuteOfDay('1900-1-1 08:30:00') and dbo.MinuteOfDay('1900-1-1 16:15:00')

A: give this a shot:
DECLARE @StartDateTime  datetime
       ,@EndDateTime    datetime

--date range is ALL of January 1st up to & including 31st
SELECT @StartDateTime='2011/01/01'
      ,@EndDateTime='2011/01/31'

SELECT
    *
    FROM TableName  t
    WHERE
        t.ColumnDate>=@StartDateTime AND t.ColumnDate<@EndDateTime+1 --date range
        AND LEFT(RIGHT(CONVERT(char(19),t.ColumnDate(),120),8),5)>='08:30' --time range start
        AND LEFT(RIGHT(CONVERT(char(19),t.ColumnDate(),120),8),5)<='16:15' --time range end

if you have an index on t.ColumnDate, this should be able to take advantage of it.
the "date range" part of the WHERE throws away rows that are not within the intended date range.  The "time range start" part of the WHERE throws away rows that are to early in time and the "time range end" throws away rows that are to late.

A: DATETIME values can be cast as FLOAT.  Actually, a DATETIME is stored as a FLOAT.
The whole part of the FLOAT is the days since '12/31/1899' (or something close).  The fractional part is the number of hours divided by 24.  So 0.5 = 12 Noon.
08:30 is 0.3541666667
16:15 is 0.6770833333
SELECT CAST(CAST('2011-03-25 08:30:00' AS DATETIME) AS FLOAT) = 40625.3541666667
SELECT CAST(CAST('2011-03-25 16:15:00' AS DATETIME) AS FLOAT) = 40625.6770833333
So you could write
SELECT * FROM users WHERE hire_date < 40625.3541666667
Using a DATETIME as FLOAT you can use whichever mathematical functions work best for your query.


text:
The last part of Chapter 1 discusses measuring national income and wealth, and differences among nations.
Thomas Piketty points out that measuring income and wealth was a political act.
The first attempts to measure national income and capital date back to the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century…It is worth noting that (the authors of these measurements) often had a political objective in mind, generally having to do with modernization of the tax system. By calculating the nation's income, they hoped to show the sovereign that it would be possible to raise tax receipts considerably while keeping tax rates relatively low, provided that all property and goods produced were subject to taxation and everyone was required to pay, including landlords of both aristocratic and common descent. (Page 56)
A cartoon from the time of the French Revolution. The nobility and the clergy were exempt from taxation, so the entire cost of supporting the state was borne by the common people, leading to an enfeebled state and larger-scale poverty than there otherwise would have been. The rough translation is "One can hope I'll be done soon," spoken by the commoner.
In my view, academia is inherently political, by virtue of what we choose to measure and consider "serious" versus frivolous.
I see it also as notable how these debates continue to this day, with "progressives" wanting to strengthen the state by providing it with resources to do more, while others claim poverty. It echoes how often we are told that "America can't afford" something at a time when we are richer than we have ever been.
Go below the fold for a graph and a table!
This shows how during the 19th and 20th Centuries, Europe and the Americas pulled ahead of the rest of the world, thanks to the Industrial Revolution. It appears that the rest of the world (Asia, at least) is gradually catching up.
Furthermore, both Europe and the Americas can be broken down into two highly unequal subregions: a hyperdeveloped core and a less developed periphery. Broadly speaking, global inequality is best analyzed in terms of regional blocks rather than geographic blocks. This can be seen clearly in (the table below.)
(Comment by me: "core" vs. "periphery" is more tautological than geographical. In other words, being among the wealthiest countries puts you, by definition, in the core.)
"To sum up, global inequality ranges from regions in which the per capita income is on the order of 150-250 euros per month (sub-Saharan Africa, India) to regions where it is as high as 2,500 – 3,000 euros per month (Western Europe, North America, Japan), that is, ten to twenty times higher. The global average, which is roughly equal to the Chinese average, is around 600 – 800 euros per month. (Page 64)
Thomas Piketty then justifies using "purchasing power parity" rather than "exchange rates" as a gauge for relative income. These are economic concepts which I'll endeavor to explain: Exchange rates involve multiplying your income (dollars) the exchange rate (say, euros/dollar) to get how rich we are. Purchasing Power Party looks at that figure, but then factors in the cost of living. For example, as of 2014, prices for most of what folks spend money on (food, housing, etc.) are roughly half as much in Ghana. So Ghana's 2014 per capita income is $3,500 when measured by exchange rates but almost $7,000 when looking at purchasing power parity. Put it another way, the 2014 per capita income of the United States was just over $44,000. So the average person in Ghana could purchase less than 8% as much gold with their yearly earnings, but could purchase over 15% as much housing, food, etc. (Still pretty poor.) Purchasing power parity better reflects how comfortably people really live. However, it is a crude estimate, as clearly a house in Ghana is not exactly equivalent to one in the United States.
Next is a bit about what causes international "convergence" (= less inequality), as opposed to "divergence" (= more inequality). There's a bit about how foreign-owned investments in a country tend not to produce much development (a painful fact that we've seen in poorer countries of central and South America, as well as Africa).
None of the Asian countries that have (become a lot richer) in recent years benefited from large foreign investments, whether it be Japan, South Korea, or Taiwan and more recently China. In essence all of these countries themselves financed the necessary investments in physical capital and, even more in human capital. Conversely, countries owned by others countries, whether in the colonial period or in Africa today, have been less successful, most notably because they have tended to specialize in areas without much prospect of future development and because they have been subject to chronic political instability. (Page 70)
Last year I read a book, Why Nations Fail, by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson, which which economics are all laid out as on an axis from "inclusive" to "extractive," with the inclusive economies generating much more long-run growth and prosperity. Foreign investment, particularly in areas such as mining, are pretty much the definition of "extractive," where the wealth is pulled out and leaves the area, with people having precious little to show for it.
To sum up, historical experience suggests that the principal mechanism for convergence (of per capita income among countries) at the international as well as the domestic level is the diffusion of knowledge. In toher words, the poor catch up with the rich to the extent that they achieve the same level of technological know-how, skill, and education, not by becoming the property of the wealthy.
This is the one benefit of foreign investment–the technology and training of workers. (And also why resource-extractive industries such as mining don't help, as people aren't learning valuable long-term skills, particularly if the mine is going to be depleted sometime soon.) However, you can get similar results through partnerships with foreign businesses (such as China and Japan have done) and by sending your young people to foreign schools.
As noted earlier this bit about inequality among nations wasn't really the main point of the book, though it's always worth noting that was we talk about inequality without our countries that most of us still count among the global well-to-do.
I read Capital in the Twenty First Century in 2014-2015 and was extremely impressed by both the content and the presentation. In my views, it's easily in the running for most important economics book of the last few . This year I am doing an in-depth, chapter-by-chapter review of the book. One chapter will be reviewed and discussed every two weeks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
LEWIS STRENGTHENS BAY AREA LEADERSHIP
leadership, LEWIS, news
LEWIS today announced the appointment of Miles Daniels as vice president of media strategy. This new role advances the agency's integrated model and expands the agency's C-level profiling services.
Daniels has more than 15 years of communications experience, including as a journalist, and as a director and producer of corporate videos, documentary films and television series. He has extensive knowledge of media and public relations, content creation and storytelling, thought leadership, senior executive profiling and digital marketing and is an expert at building integrated programs that are impactful and truly move the needle for clients.
"Miles has a diverse background and brings with him a distinctive set of skills which make him highly suited for this role," said Stephen Corsi, executive vice president of LEWIS US. "His expertise in corporate storytelling and executive profiling will enhance the breadth and depth of our client services, and he will play a pivotal role in advancing our premium capabilities. We're excited to have Miles lead these initiatives across the globe."
"I am thrilled to join LEWIS at this exciting time in our industry," said Daniels. "The media landscape is changing at lightning speed. And while change can be unsettling for some, LEWIS sees an enormous opportunity for brands and individuals to tell their stories and engage with their key stakeholders in ways previously unimaginable. I've long considered LEWIS a standard-bearer for engaging storytelling, and I look forward to working with my colleagues to raise that bar even higher."
Daniels most recently was head of communications at Everwise, a talent development company co-founded by Maynard Webb. He will be based in the San Francisco office.
THIS WEEK IN SOCIAL: Creativity in Cannes: Learnings to apply to your social strategy
THIS WEEK IN SOCIAL: Keeping Up With The Kontent
THIS WEEK IN SOCIAL: Influencer Marketing – Role, Persona, Engageability


Congestive heart failure develops when the heart is unable pump blood well enough to meet the needs of the body and fluid begins to leak out of the circulatory system. Fluid can collect in the chest, abdomen, or within tissues (e.g., underneath the skin), which further compromises the body's ability to function normally.
Some causes of congestive heart failure are congenital (i.e., present at birth) and others are acquired (i.e., not present at birth but developed at a later date).
Pets with CHF typically cough and breathe rapidly, shallowly, or with extra effort. They may also be weak and unable to exercise normally, lose weight, be unable to sleep soundly, faint, develop blue-tinged mucous membranes, have diarrhea, and develop a distended abdomen.
While performing a physical exam on a pet with congestive heart failure, a veterinarian can sometimes hear abnormal sounds in the lungs related to fluid build-up or palpate a fluid wave in the abdomen. He or she may also hear a heart murmur or arrhythmia or appreciate changes in the quality of a pet's pulses. A chest x-ray, cardiac ultrasound, blood testing for cardiac markers, electrocardiogram, heartworm test, blood pressure monitoring, and other diagnostic tests may be necessary to differentiate CHF from other diseases that can cause similar symptoms and to determine its origin.
Nutritional supplements and prescription diets can also play a role in the long term treatment of CHF.
If congestive heart failure has developed as a result of another condition that can be directly addressed (e.g., surgery to repair a birth defect), it is possible for a pet to be cured of its CHF. More commonly, however, pets with CHF require therapy for the rest of their lives. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, euthanasia often becomes the most humane option once treatment can no longer maintain an individual's quality of life.


text:
Q: Running commands on OS terminal after creating ubuntu via webtop Is there any way to modify this docker-compose file so to be able to make a few commands to be executed after the Ubuntu instance boots up?
version: "2.1"
services:
  webtop:
    image: linuxserver/webtop:ubuntu-mate
    container_name: webtop
    security_opt:
      - seccomp:unconfined #optional
    environment:
      - PUID=1000
      - PGID=1000
      - TZ=Europe/Spain
      - SUBFOLDER=/ #optional
      - KEYBOARD=en-us-qwerty #optional
      - TITLE=Webtop #optional
    volumes:
      - /path/to/data:/config
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock #optional
    ports:
      - 3000:3000
    devices:
      - /dev/dri:/dev/dri #optional
    shm_size: "1gb" #optional
    restart: unless-stopped

For example, I want apt update and apt upgrade to be executed after Ubuntu boots up.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Universities Federation for Animal Welfare
About UFAW
Animal Welfare Information
Home > Animal Welfare Information > Genetic Welfare Problems of Companion Animals > Dogs > Boxer - Mast Cell Tumour
Genetic Welfare Problems of Companion Animals
Humane Rodent Control
An information resource for prospective pet owners
Mast Cell Tumour
Related terms: mastocytoma, mast cell sarcoma, mastocytosis
Outline: Boxers are predisposed to mast cell tumours, a cancer of the immune system. These can occur in various forms and can be benign or malignant. Their welfare effects range from local itching, discomfort and pain associated with localised tumours in the skin, to more severe pain, discomfort and malaise where internal organs are affected or as a result of gastrointestinal ulceration caused by the release of the chemical histamine
Summary of Information
(for more information click on the links below)
1. Brief description
Mast cell tumour (MCT) is one of the commonest neoplasms of dogs and is a cancerous growth of mast cells that are present in tissues throughout the body and are part of the immune system. These cancers are most commonly found in the skin but can occur at other sites throughout the body especially in the gastrointestinal tract (Misdorp 2004, Dobson & Scase 2007, Valent 2010). They can be solitary or can occur as multiple MCT masses. The appearance of a mast cell tumour in the skin is very variable and can be hard to distinguish from other growths.
As well as causing disease in the same way as other cancers – by causing organ damage and dysfunction, pain, debilitation and reduced appetite - mast cell tumours can also cause disease through the uncontrolled release of the biologically active chemicals that are produced in these specialised cells (Dobson & Scase 2007).
Solitary MCTs vary in behaviour from benign, where they do not spread to other parts of the body, to aggressively malignant, where they do. Although Boxers are more likely than other breeds to develop MCTs, it has been suggested that these are more likely to be of the benign type than those developed in other breeds (Dobson & Scase 2007).
The mean age at which Boxers are diagnosed with MCTs is around 8 years but these tumours can occur at any age, even in puppies (Nuttall et al 2009).
2. Intensity of welfare impact
The effects on welfare of MCTs depend on the malignancy of the tumour and the site at which it grows. They are a result of the mechanical effects of the tumour (eg due to it compressing or compromising the movement of surrounding tissues) and also of the release of histamine and other biologically active substances produced by the tumour cells that make the skin inflamed and itchy or painful, and which cause gastrointestinal ulceration and pain. Spread of the tumour to internal organs will also cause pain.
Diagnostic tests and treatments may also have adverse welfare effects (Ladue et al 1998, Chaffin & Thrall 2002, Weisse et al 2002, London et al 2009, Blackwood 2010, Robat et al 2010). Benign MCTs can often be cured. The more malignant tumours often lead to death, although recently developed drug therapies may prove successful in some cases (London et al 2009, Blackwood 2010, Robat et al 2010).
3. Duration of welfare impact
Mast cell tumours causing solitary masses on the skin may affect welfare for only a relatively short period of a few weeks, if the MCT is successfully treated. If not successfully treated, the MCT is likely to cause increasing discomfort, pain, distress and ultimately, death.
4. Number of animals affected
Boxers have a greater predisposition to neoplasia than many other breeds of dogs (Cohen et al 1974). Mast cell tumours are the second commonest malignant tumour of dogs, affecting 129 per 100,000 insured dogs each year (Dobson et al 2002, Brønden et al 2010), and represent around 20 per cent of all the skin tumours reported (Dorn et al 1968). According to UK VetCompass data, mast cell tumours affect 3.9 dogs of 1000 dogs and Boxers had the highest breed specific prevalence at 1.95% (Shoop et al 2015).
5. Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually made by collecting cells for examination by inserting a needle into the tumour and removing cells and fluid with a syringe for microscopic examination (Baker-Gabb et al 2003). Trying to predict the tumour's potential for growth and spread requires further tests which may include collection of samples from nearby lymph nodes, imaging with x-rays, and ultrasound examinations (Dobson & Scase 2007, Blackwood 2010).
Boxers have a genetic predisposition to developing mast cell tumours but the genes involved in causing the disease are unknown (Peters 1969, Cohen et al 1974, Scott et al 1995, Baker-Gabb et al 2003, Dobson & Scase 2007)..
7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected?
There is no way to predict which individuals will be affected and it is not known if carriers can exist, that can pass the risk of the disease on to offspring without ever developing the disease themselves.
8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem
It is likely, since there is clearly has a genetic basis to the Boxer's predisposition to develop the disease that breeding only from dogs that have not had MCT would result in reduction in its prevalence. Tackling this disease by selective breeding is, at present, complicated by the fact that these tumours often develop after breeding age (Nuttall et al 2009). More rapid progress would be possible if it there was a way to detect the genes responsible for the condition.
For further details about this condition, please click on the following:
(these link to items down this page)
Clinical and pathological effects
Intensity of welfare impact
Duration of welfare impact
Number of animals affected
How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected?
Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem
1. Clinical and pathological effects
Mast cells are part of the immune system. They are produced in bone marrow. When mature, they are found in blood vessels where they become activated by antibodies or local tissue damage, chemicals or heat. Once activated, they release a variety of biologically active chemicals that cause local inflammation (the best known being histamine), and that attract other types of immune system cells to the site. They also play a central role in allergic reactions (Gorman & Halliwell 1989, Misdorp 2004, Dobson & Scase 2007).
Mast cell tumours (MCT) are among the commonest neoplasms (clusters of cells caused by abnormal growth) of dogs. They usually occur in the skin but can occur elsewhere, especially in the gastrointestinal tract (Misdorp 2004, Dobson & Scase 2007,Valent 2010). These cancerous growths can be solitary masses of cells that are benign (ie unlikely to spread) or they can be malignant and likely to spread to other parts of the body via the lymphatic or blood systems. There are also several types of the systemic form of the disease – in which the disease is found throughout the body- and these have been defined by the type of mast cells involved and the sites at which they occur (Marconato et al 2008, Valent 2010). In mastocytosis, for example, MCTs appear throughout the body and large numbers of mast cells are found in the bone marrow. When neoplastic mast cells begin to circulate in the blood this form then becomes a type of leukaemia. Here though we focus on the common form of the disease characterised by solitary or multiple MCT masses.
The appearance of cutaneous (skin) MCTs is very variable. It can be similar to various other types of skin neoplasia. Conversely, some growths initially thought to be benign cysts or lipomas (benign tumours of fat), sometimes turn out to be MCTs which may be malignant (Nuttall et al 2009).
Tumours occur as a result of genetic mutations that result in abnormal growth of the affected cells. A gene, c-KIT, is known to be involved in some, but not all, canine mast cell tumours (London et al 1990). It influences receptors in the cell that bind with growth promoting substances and when present in its mutated form has the effect of causing affected cells to continuously divide resulting in the growth of the neoplasm. The c-KIT gene therefore predisposes animals to develop malignant mast cell tumours, and dogs with this gene are more likely to die due to MCT (Zemke et al 2002, Webster et al 2006).
Another mutation can affect the platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), which is involved in the blood supply to growing tumours. Both this and the receptor affected by the c-KIT gene contain the protein, tyrosine kinase (TK), and are affected by some modern drug treatments (tyrosine kinase inhibitors - TKIs) that can be somewhat effective against cancers caused by these mutations in humans and dogs (Blackwood 2010).
As well as causing disease in the same way as any other cancer – by causing organ damage and dysfunction, pain, debilitation and appetite reduction; the adverse effects of MCTs are also caused by the uncontrolled release of the biologically active chemicals that these cells produce. These chemicals can have adverse effects both locally and elsewhere (Misdorp 2004, Dobson & Scase 2007). Locally, there is often inflammation around the tumour mass with redness, oedema (fluid in the tissue), and pain. Wound healing in these areas may be delayed: for example, after a surgical biopsy.
Occasionally anaphylaxis, a systemic allergic response – in which the whole body is affected, may occur in dogs with mast cell tumours. Affected dogs may collapse with a failing circulation, breathing difficulties caused by swelling of tissues and fluid release into the lungs, vomiting and diarrhoea. The blood clotting mechanism can also sometimes be affected in dogs with MCTs. More commonly, affected animals develop gastrointestinal disease, especially ulceration, as a result of histamine release by the tumour. It is thought that the more severe, widespread, and malignant the mast cell tumour, the more likely it is for these more serious effects to occur (Dobson & Scase 2007).
Solitary MCTs vary from the benign to the aggressively malignant. This appears to be influenced partly by the site of the tumour. For example, those around muco-cutaneous junctions (where skin meets moist, mucous membranes eg the lips) and in the groin of male dogs tend to be more malignant. Although Boxers are more likely to have MCTs than other breeds, Dobson & Scase (2007) have suggested that these tumours are more likely to be benign in Boxers than would be expected in other breeds (2007). Boxers are said to be predisposed to a form of the disease in which multiple solitary mast cell tumours develop concurrently in different parts of the body (Goldschmidt & Shofer 1992).
MCTs are graded clinically according to the following scheme (Owen 1980), which may be helpful in prognosis (predicting how the disease may develop) and when making decisions making regarding treatments: surgery, radiation and/or drugs.
One small tumour confined to the skin, no lymph node involvement
One small tumour confined to the skin with local or regional lymph node involvement
Multiple skin tumours or a large infiltrating tumour with or without regional lymph node involvement
IV Any tumour with distant metastases (spread of the tumour to other parts of the body)
Tumours are also graded either I, II or III according to their cellular characteristics. This grading, based on the microscopic appearance of biopsy specimens, is also useful to aid decision making for treatment and to guide prognosis (Patnaik et al 1984).
The validity of the details of these schemes has been questioned (Dobson & Scase 2007) but they are generally considered to be useful. Grade I masses and the low malignancy grade II tumours are likely to be cured just by surgery. Some grade II masses seem to benefit from wider surgery and sometimes adjuvant radiation of the surrounding area (Dobson & Scase 2007). Chemotherapeutic agents (TKIs) can be useful in the treatment of the higher-grade tumours (perhaps especially in c-KIT positive animals). Such agents may prolong life rather than achieving a complete cure (Hahn et al 2008, Blackwood 2010).
The mean age at which Boxers are diagnosed with MCTs is around 8 years but these tumours can occur at any age, even in puppies (Nuttall et al 2009)..
The effects of mast cell tumours on welfare depend on the malignancy and the site of the tumour. They can be a result of both the mechanical effects of the tumour(s) (eg due to it compressing or compromising the movement of surrounding tissues) and of the effects of histamine and the other biologically active substances produced by the tumour cells. These chemicals make the skin in the area inflamed and itchy or painful, and can cause gastrointestinal ulceration with associated pain. Spread of the tumour to internal organs can stop them functioning properly and cause pain. There may also be adverse welfare consequences associated with diagnosis and treatment of the tumour (which may include surgery and radiotherapy) (Ladue et al 1998, Chaffin & Thrall 2002, Weiss et al 2002, London et al 2009, Blackwood 2010, Robat et al 2010). Although the lower grade forms of the disease may be completely cured, death is a common outcome for the more malignant forms and it has been reported that, despite treatment, around half of dogs with high grade tumours die within a year (Murphy et al 2004). Recently developed drugs may prove more effective (London et al 2009, Blackwood 2010, Robat et al 2010)..
The average (median) age of diagnosis of mast cell tumour is 8.2 years, and older dogs (8 or over) are more at risk of a diagnosis compared to those below 2 years of age (Shoop et al 2015). The duration of the period when welfare is compromised depends on the malignancy, form and site of the tumour. Mast cell tumours causing solitary masses on the skin may affect welfare for only a relatively short period of a few weeks if the MCT is successfully treated. If not treated successfully, the MCT is likely to cause increasing discomfort, pain, distress and ultimately, death..
Boxers have a greater predisposition to neoplasia than many other breeds of dogs (Cohen et al 1974). Mast cell tumours are the second commonest malignant tumour of dogs, affecting 129 per 100,000 insured dogs each year (Dobson et al 2002, Brønden et al 2010), and represent around 20 per cent of all the skin tumours reported (Dorn et al 1968). UK VetCompass data for dogs overall, showed that 3.990 dogs per 1000 dogs from a random sample of 3884 were diagnosed with mast cell tumour between 2009 and 2013 (O Neill et al 2014; see also: http://www.rvc.ac.uk/vetcompass/learn-zone/infographics/canine), and Boxers had the greatest breed-specific prevalence of 1.95% (95% confidence interval: 1.40%-2.51%; Shoop et al 2015).
MCTs cannot be diagnosed by visual examination: their appearance is very variable (Nuttall et al 2009). Diagnosis is usually made by collecting cells for examination by inserting a needle into the tumour and removing cells and fluid with a syringe for microscopic examination (Baker-Gabb et al 2003). In addition to making the diagnosis, it is important to try to predict the tumour's behaviour: whether benign or highly malignant. This is difficult but various special examinations involving collection of samples from nearby lymph node, cytology, histology, and imaging with X-rays and/or ultrasound examinations may be helpful (Dobson & Scase 2007). It is possible and desirable to check the likely suitability of treatment of the tumour by TKI chemotherapy (Blackwood 2010).
There is no doubt that the high prevalence of mast cell tumours in Boxers has a genetic basis as the predisposition of these dogs to developing the disease is well-recognised (Peters 1969, Cohen et al 1974, Scott et al 1995, Baker-Gabb et al 2003, Dobson & Scase 2007).
There has been some research into the genetic causes of MCTs but the genes involved have not been determined (Munday et al 2009) and there are no published studies regarding the degree of heritability or the pattern of inheritance.
It is likely, since there is clearly has a genetic basis to the Boxer's predisposition to develop the disease, that breeding only from dogs that have not had MCT would result in reduction in its prevalence. Tackling this disease by selective breeding is, at present, complicated by the fact that these tumours often develop after breeding age (Nuttall et al 2009). More rapid progress would be possible if it there was a way to detect the genes responsible for the condition.
UFAW is grateful to Rosie Godfrey BVetMed MRCVS and David Godfrey BVetMed FRCVS for their work in compiling this section.
Baker-Gabb BM, Hunt G and France M (2003) Soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumours in dogs; clinical behaviour and response to surgery. Australian Veterinary Journal 81: 732–738
Blackwood L 2010 Mast Cell Tumours: Where Do TKIs Fit In? British Small Animal Veterinary Congress 8-11th April 2010 http://www.vin.com/Members/Proceedings/Proceedings.plx?CID=bsava2010&PID=pr54247&O=VIN accessed 19.9.2011
Brønden LB, Nielsen SS, Toft N and KristensenAT (2010) Data from the Danish Veterinary Cancer Registry on the occurrence and distribution of neoplasms in dogs in Denmark. Veterinary Record 166: 586-590
Chaffin K and Thrall DE (2002) Results of radiation therapy in 19 dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumor and regional lymph node metastasis. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 43: 392–395
Cohen D, Reif JS, Brodey RS and Keiser H (1974) Epidemiological analysis of the most prevalent sites and types of canine neoplasia observed in a veterinary hospital. Cancer Research 34: 2859–2868
Dobson JM, Samuel S, Milstein H, Rogers K and Wood JL (2002) Canine neoplasia in the UK: estimates of incidence rates from a population of insured dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice 43: 240-6
Dobson JM and Scase TJ (2007) Advances in the diagnosis and management of cutaneous mast cell tumours in dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice 48: 424–431
Dorn CR, Taylor DO, Schneider R, Hibbard HH and Klauber MR (1968) Survey of animal neoplasms in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, California II. Cancer morbidity in dogs and cats from Alameda County. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 40: 307-318
Goldschmidt MH and Shofer FS (1992) Skin Tumours of the Cat and Dog. Pergamon Press, New York
Gorman NT and Halliwell REW (1989) In: Veterinary Clinical Immunology pp 35 W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia
Hahn K, Oglivie G, Rusk T, Devauchelle P, Leblanc A, Legendre A, Powers B, Leventhal P, Kinet J-P, Palmerini F, Dubreuil P, Moussy A and Hermine O (2008) Masitinib is Safe and Effective for the Treatment of Canine Mast Cell Tumors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 22: 1301–1309
Ladue T, Price GS, Dodge R, Page RL and Thrall DE (1998) Radiation therapy for incompletely resected canine mast cell tumors. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 39: 57–62
London CA, Galli SJ, Yuuki T, Zhi-Qing Hu bZ-Q, Helfand SC and Geissler EN (1999) Spontaneous canine mast cell tumors express tandem duplications in the proto-oncogene c-kit. Experimental Haematology 27: 689-697
London CA, Malpas PB, Wood-Follis SL, Boucher JF, Rusk AW, Rosenberg MP, Henry CJ, Mitchener KL, Klein MK, Hintermeister JG, Bergman PJ, Couto GC, Mauldin GN and Michels GM (2009) Multi-center, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study of oral toceranib phosphate (SU11654), a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of dogs with recurrent (either local or distant) mast cell tumor following surgical excision. Clinical Cancer Research 15: 3856-65
Marconato L, Bettini G, Giacoboni C, Romanelli G, Cesari A, Zatelli A and Zini E (2008) Clinicopathological Features and Outcome for Dogs with Mast Cell Tumors and Bone Marrow Involvement. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 22: 1001–1007
Misdorp W (2004) Mast cells and canine mast cell tumours. A review. The Veterinary Quarterly 26: 156-69
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O Neill DG, Church DB, McGreevy PD, Thomson PC and Brodbelt DC 2014 Prevalence of disorders recorded in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. PloS one 9, e90501. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090501
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Sears Promotes Richter to Senior VP of Finance; Westenberger Promoted to VP Of Investor Relations
Glenn R. Richter has been promoted to senior vice president of Finance, and Richard F. Westenberger to vice president, Investor Relations for Sears, Roebuck and Co. Both individuals will report to Paul J. Liska, executive vice president and chief financial officer.
The appointments are effective immediately.
In this newly created position, Richter, formerly vice president and controller, is responsible for the company's financial planning, analysis and business development functions. He also will lead the company's productivity initiatives.
As vice president of Investor Relations, Westenberger will direct the company's investor relations function as well as provide competitive and strategic analysis aiding in the development and execution of company strategy. He formerly was senior director, Investor Relations.
"Glenn and Richard are capable executives who have demonstrated their effectiveness as leaders," said Liska. "As members of the company's senior financial management team, they will be integrally involved in our efforts to drive improved productivity and returns and increased shareholder value."
Richter, 39, joined Sears in 2000. Prior to that, he served as senior vice president and chief financial officer of Dade Behring, International. He previously held senior finance positions with PepsiCo and McKinsey and Company. Richter is a graduate of George Washington University and received his master's degree from the Fuqua School of Business, Duke University.
Westenberger, 33, joined Sears in 1996 and has held financial management positions of increasing responsibility in the company's credit business, corporate finance and investor relations functions. His previous work experience was with Kraft Foods, Inc. and Price Waterhouse. Westenberger is a graduate of the University of Notre Dame. He holds a master's degree from the Graduate School of Business of the University of Chicago.
Sears, Roebuck and Co. (NYSE: S) is a leading U.S. retailer of apparel, home and automotive products and services, with annual revenue of more than $40 billion. The company serves families in the U.S. through Sears stores nationwide, including approximately 860 full-line stores. Sears also offers a wide variety of merchandise and services through its Web site, www.sears.com .
SOURCE: Sears, Roebuck and Co.
Contact: Peggy A. Palter of Sears, Roebuck and Co., +1-847-286-8309


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I'm still bitter that he had to sit out 2015-16 season. Stupid NCAA.
Put him on a NCAA team with Josh Scott and that team could have made some noise. Oh well, happy for him now...great story.
(In response to this post by buffaloaded)
Derrick- 26 points in first half vs Nuggets ** -- Full House Backfield 04/18/2019 10:18PM
He kinda stunk up the floor out there today -- buffs_buzz 04/20/2019 9:36PM
Derrick White=Nugget Killer ** -- buffaloaded 04/19/2019 12:15AM
5 rb, 5 a, 3 steals, along with 36 pts. Man o man! -- A Fan 04/19/2019 4:00PM
ATT. -- A Fan 04/20/2019 1:22PM
Why couldn't you? ** -- buffaloaded 04/19/2019 5:44PM
See above. ** -- A Fan 04/20/2019 1:26PM
I'm still bitter that he had to sit out 2015-16 season. Stupid NCAA. -- EBN 04/19/2019 09:59AM
That was ridiculous -- Bufflandia 04/19/2019 11:06PM
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text:
Courageous (2011)
Courageous DVD and Blu-ray release date was set for January 17, 2012.
Genre(s): Drama
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Four police officers pledge their lives to protecting and defending as members of the force, but a tragic death in their community forces them to examine their roles as fathers first. Each grapples with his priorities and his commitment to his family and makes the life-altering decision to sign a covenant to be a godly father. The men call each other to greater accountability as men of God even as the police force deals with a gang that threatens to wreak havoc in their small community. The officers band together to bring down the gang and keep their families safe. The gang's nefarious goals are thwarted, and senior officer Adam Mitchell makes a call to all men in the community to step up and take responsibility as fathers to this generation.
Blu-ray + Ultraviolet
imdb: 7.3 PG


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Some one contacted me and stated that is name is Walton James,he professed his love for me although my Face book profile showed that I am married.To my surprise one day I received a mail from this guy asking me for my account number to deposit money into it.Thank God I immediately suspected something funny.Mr James claimed he is from America but has traveled to Nigeria for construction purposes and lost his documents during traveling and wanted money to send to his son Terry who is back in the States.I did not believe a word that was said.Please people do be careful.There is a picture on face book that he uses although I doubt that it belongs to him any way.His Email address is Waltonj101@yahoo.com.
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Clark Evan Henderson
February 9, 1932 - March 7, 2020
UPDATED SERVICE INFORMATION: A viewing will be held on Saturday, March 14th for immediate family. Graveside services will be held on Monday, March 16th at 12:00pm at the Parowan City Cemetery, 834 Canyon Road, Parowan, Utah. Clark Evan Henderson, 88, passed away peacefully Saturday, March 7, 2020. Evan was born February 9, 1932 to Wallace Dickson Henderson and Sarah Ismay Clark in Cannonville, Utah and was the seventh of eight children. His siblings are Clark Dickson, Helen Clark, Jean, Wallace Max, Owen Gayle, Enid, and Mark Vee. Evan graduated from Bryce Valley High school where he was student body president. He attended Brigham Young University where he met Karen Hannig on a blind date. Seven months later they were sealed in the St. George Temple. Their ten children are all still with us—Jill (Mike) Andersen, Joan Henderson-Reil, Jeff Dickson (Monique), Diane (Steve) Ellis, Julie (Greg) Morris, John Evan (Denise), Nathan Joseph (Colleen), David Clark (Martha), Spencer Whitney (Angie), Elizabeth (Jason) Apking. Evan was a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and he loved the gospel. He served as Bishop of the 35th ward in Las Vegas. Later, he served two missions with Karen in Salt Lake City and Jackson, MS. Evan's life was centered around his family and faith. Evan lived a life of integrity, hard work, and sacrifice. He started out as a cowboy, herding cattle with his father and brothers east of Cannonville, Utah. Later, he earned an associate's degree from Dixie College and was a drafted into the Army where he served in Korea during the Korean War. After military service he returned to college, earning a bachelor's degree in math and a master's degree in secondary education from Brigham Young University. He spent many years as an educator, first as a teacher and then as an administrator. Evan enjoyed spending time outdoors, hunting, fishing, and camping. He passed many Saturdays in a small fishing boat in the lakes and reservoirs of southern Utah with his father-in-law, Joseph Hannig, his sons, daughters, friends, and anyone else he could drag out of bed early enough to go. Every summer for many years he brought his family camping on Cedar Mountain, a tradition that his children continue to share with their children. Evan and Karen made home life with their children in Las Vegas and Kanab. In later life they made homes in Cedar Hills and Pleasant Grove. Everywhere they lived they made many lasting friendships. Evan and Karen have 39 grandchildren and 30 great-grand-children and were married for 62 years. Karen passed just last year and Evan found a difficult transition to life without her. He was preceded in death by his parents; his siblings Clark Dickson, Helen Clark, Jean, Wallace Max, Owen Gayle, and Mark Vee; his wife Karen; and two granddaughters, Sarah and Claire Karen Henderson. Funeral Directors: Utah Valley Mortuary.
UPDATED SERVICE INFORMATION: A viewing will be held on Saturday, March 14th for immediate family. Graveside services will be held on Monday, March 16th at 12:00pm at the Parowan City Cemetery, 834 Canyon Road, Parowan, Utah. Clark Evan Henderson,... View Obituary & Service Information
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text:
Erythrin, veraltet auch als Kobold-Blüthe, Kobaltblüte und Cobaltum rubrum sowie als Farbpigment Kobaltviolett bekannt, ist ein eher selten vorkommendes Mineral aus der Mineralklasse der "Phosphate, Arsenate und Vanadate" mit der chemischen Zusammensetzung Co3[AsO4]2·8H2O und ist damit chemisch gesehen ein wasserhaltiges Cobaltarsenat.

Erythrin kristallisiert im monoklinen Kristallsystem und entwickelt meist kleine, prismatische, tafelige und nadelige Kristalle in haarförmigen, büscheligen oder radialstrahligen Mineral-Aggregaten sowie kugelig-nierige Formen und pulvrige Anflüge.

Das Mineral ist durchsichtig bis durchscheinend und überwiegend von charakteristischer Pfirsich(blüten)roter oder pinker Farbe, findet sich aber auch in dunklerem Karminrot oder hellerem Rosa. Auch farblose bis weiße Erythrine sind bekannt, aber sehr selten. Auf der Strichtafel hinterlässt er einen hellroten bis pinken Strich. Sichtbare Kristallflächen weisen einen glasähnlichen Glanz auf, Spaltflächen schimmern dagegen eher perlmuttartig.

Mit Annabergit (Ni3[AsO4]2·8H2O) und Hörnesit (Mg3[AsO4]2·8H2O) bildet Erythrin jeweils eine lückenlose Mischkristallreihe.

Etymologie und Geschichte

Benannt wurde Erythrin 1832 durch den französischen Mineralogen François Sulpice Beudant nach dem griechischen Wort ἐρυθρός erythrós für "rot". Beudant gibt zusätzlich als Synonyme cobalt arséniaté und Arseniksaurer Kobalt an.

Eine erste schriftliche Erwähnung des Minerals, wenn auch ohne Beschreibung oder Fundortangabe, findet sich allerdings schon rund 150 Jahre früher in dem 1683 erschienenen, anonymen Werk Mvsævm Brackenhofferianvm unter der Bezeichnung Coboltum rubrum bzw. rother Kobolt.

Erst im 1719 von Georg Gottfried Richter publizierten Sammlungskatalog werden verschiedenen Mineralproben der Kobold-Blüthe auch Fundorte zugeordnet. Die Proben stammten demnach aus verschiedenen Regionen des Erzgebirges wie unter anderem Schwarzenberg/Erzgeb. (früher civitas Swartzenberg), Schneeberg, die Grube "Beschert Glück" bei Freiberg und St. Veit nahe Wolkenstein in Sachsen; Blankenburg und der Stollen "Charlotte Aufrichtigkeit" am Roten Berg bei Saalfeld in Thüringen sowie Jáchymov (deutsch Joachimsthal) und die Grube "Glücksburg" bei Horní Blatná (deutsch Bergstadt Platten) im heutigen Tschechien.

Weitere bekannte Synonyme für Erythrin sind unter anderem Flos Cobalti (nach Johann Theodor Eller, 1723) und Roter Erdkobalt (nach Werner) Die Bezeichnung Kobaltbeschlag ist dagegen nicht mehr gebräuchlich, da dieser nach moderner Mineraldefinition aus einem Gemenge von Erythrin und arseniger Säure besteht.

Die bisher früheste bekannte chemische Analyse des Minerals stammt von Christian Friedrich Bucholz, der sie 1810 anhand von Material aus Richelsdorf (Deutschland) durchführte. Etwa zeitgleich analysierte auch Laugier eine Probe aus Allemont (Frankreich). Jöns Jakob Berzelius berechnete aus der Analyse von Bucholz die chemische Formel Co3[AsO4]2 · 6 H2O, während die Analyse von Laugier eine Formel mit 9 H2O ergab. Eine weitere Probe aus Schneeberg ergab dagegen einen Kristallwassergehalt von nur 5 H2O.

Die widersprüchlichen Ergebnisse veranlassten schließlich den Chemiker Carl Kersten zu einer weiteren und sorgfältigen Analyse mit ausgesuchtem, sauberem Material aus den Schneeberger Gruben "Wolfgang Maassen" und "Rappold", aus dessen Ergebnis die bis heute gültige Formel Co3[AsO4]2·8H2O stammt. Bei einem Vergleich mit der Zusammensetzung von Annabergit und Vivianit (Fe3[PO4]2·8H2O) stellte Kersten zudem die enge Verwandtschaft der Minerale fest, in deren Formel sich die Elemente Cobalt (Erythrin), Nickel (Annabergit) und Eisen (Vivianit) gegenseitig vertreten.

Im Mai 1969 brachte die Deutsche Post der DDR eine Serie Sonderbriefmarken mit dem Thema "Minerale aus den Sammlungen der Bergakademie Freiberg" heraus, in der auch der Erythrin vertreten ist.

Klassifikation
In der mittlerweile veralteten, aber noch gebräuchlichen 8. Auflage der Mineralsystematik nach Strunz gehörte der Erythrin zur Mineralklasse der "Phosphate, Arsenate und Vanadate" und dort zur Abteilung der "Wasserhaltigen Phosphate ohne fremde Anionen", wo er zusammen mit Annabergit, Arupit, Barićit, Bobierrit, Cattiit, Hörnesit, Köttigit, Manganohörnesit, Parasymplesit und Vivianit die "Vivianit-Gruppe" mit der System-Nr. VII/C.13 bildete.

Die seit 2001 gültige und von der International Mineralogical Association (IMA) verwendete 9. Auflage der Strunz'schen Mineralsystematik ordnet den Erythrin ebenfalls in die Klasse der "Phosphate, Arsenate und Vanadate" und dort in die Abteilung der "Phosphate usw. ohne zusätzliche Anionen; mit H2O" ein. Diese Abteilung ist allerdings weiter unterteilt nach der Größe der beteiligten Kationen und dem Stoffmengenverhältnis von Phosphat-, Arsenat- bzw. Vanadat-Komplex (RO4) zu Kristallwasser (H2O), so dass das Mineral entsprechend seiner Zusammensetzung in der Unterabteilung "Mit ausschließlich mittelgroßen Kationen; RO4 : H2O ≤ 1 : 2,5" zu finden ist, wo es zusammen mit Annabergit, Arupit, Barićit, Ferrisymplesit, Hörnesit, Köttigit, Manganohörnesit, Pakhomovskyit, Parasymplesit, Santabarbarait und Vivianit die "Vivianit-Gruppe" 8.CE.40 bildet.

Auch die vorwiegend im englischen Sprachraum gebräuchliche Systematik der Minerale nach Dana ordnet den Erythrin in die Klasse der "Phosphate, Arsenate und Vanadate" und dort in die Abteilung der "Wasserhaltigen Phosphate etc." ein. Hier ist er zusammen mit Vivianit, Barićit, Annabergit, Köttigit, Parasymplesit, Hörnesit, Hörnesit und Pakhomovskyit in der "Vivianit-Gruppe" mit der System-Nr. 40.03.06 innerhalb der Unterabteilung der "Wasserhaltigen Phosphate etc., mit (A2+)3(XO4)2 × x(H2O)" zu finden.

Kristallstruktur

Erythrin kristallisiert isotyp mit Vivianit im monoklinen Kristallsystem in der  mit den Gitterparametern a = 10,25 Å; b = 13,45 Å; c = 4,76 Å und β = 105,0° sowie 2 Formeleinheiten pro Elementarzelle.

Eigenschaften
Beim Erhitzen färbt sich Erythrin unter Abgabe von Wasser und Arsen(III)-oxid blau. Mit Säuren bildet er rote Lösungen.

Bildung und Fundorte

Erythrin ist ein typisches Sekundärmineral und bildet sich durch Oxidation vor allem aus Skutterudit (Speiskobalt), Nickel-Skutterudit und Cobaltit, aber auch anderen arsenhaltigen Cobalterzen in Cobalt-, Nickel- und Uran-Lagerstätten. Je nach Stoffmengenverhältnis von Cobalt und Nickel entstehen Überzüge aus Erythrin oder Annabergit. Begleitminerale sind unter anderem Adamin, Cobaltit, Roselith-β, Malachit, Morenosit, Pharmakosiderit, Retgersit, Skorodit, Skutterudit und Symplesit.

Als eher seltene Mineralbildung kann Erytrhin an verschiedenen Fundorten zum Teil reichlich vorhanden sein, insgesamt ist er aber wenig verbreitet. Als bekannt gelten bisher (Stand: 2012) rund 700 Fundorte. Bedeutende Fundorte sind neben den Erstfunden im sächsischen und tschechischen Erzgebirge sowie in Thüringen unter anderem noch Bou Azzer nahe Tazenakht in der marokkanischen Provinz Ouarzazate, wo bis zu 6 cm lange, tafelige Kristalle gefunden wurden.

Weitere deutsche Fundstätten liegen auch im Schwarzwald (Baden-Württemberg), im hessischen Odenwald und Taunus, im Harzgebirge von Niedersachsen über Sachsen-Anhalt bis Thüringen sowie im Bergischen Land und Sauerland in Nordrhein-Westfalen, im Siegerland und der Eifel von Nordrhein-Westfalen bis Rheinland-Pfalz.

In Österreich trat das Mineral bisher vor allem in Kärnten (Friesach-Hüttenberg, Gailtaler und Karnische Alpen, Gurktaler Alpen), Salzburg (Hohe Tauern, Radstädter Tauern, Schwarzleograben/Leogang), der Steiermark (Liesing-Palten-Tal, Schladming), Nordtirol und im Vorarlberg (Montafon) auf.

In der Schweiz sind bisher nur wenige Fundorte im Kanton Wallis bekannt wie unter anderem Saint-Luc VS, Mont Chemin und das Turtmanntal.

Weitere Fundorte liegen unter anderem in Argentinien, Australien, Aserbaidschan, Bolivien, Chile, China, Demokratische Republik Kongo, Frankreich, Griechenland, Indien, Iran, Irland, Italien, Japan, Kanada, Korea, Mexiko, Norwegen, Polen, Portugal, Rumänien, Russland, Schweden, der Slowakei, Spanien, Südafrika, im Vereinigten Königreich (Großbritannien) und den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika (USA).

Verwendung
Als Cobalterz ist Erythrin eher unbedeutend, auch wenn er bei lokaler Anhäufung zusammen mit anderen Cobalterzen bergmännisch abgebaut wird, um als Rohstoff in den Blaufarbenwerken zum Pigment Kobaltviolett verarbeitet zu werden.

Aufgrund seiner auffälligen Farbe ist das Mineral allerdings bei der Prospektion von Cobalt-Lagerstätten ein guter Indikator unter anderem für primäre Cobalt-Arsenide wie Skutterudit und Cobaltit.

Siehe auch
 Liste der Minerale

Literatur

Weblinks

 Mineralienatlas: Erythrin und Mineralienportrait/Erythrin (Wiki)
 RRUFF Database-of-Raman-spectroscopy – Erythrite (englisch)
 American-Mineralogist-Crystal-Structure-Database – Erythrite (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Grandfathered Mineral
Monoklines Kristallsystem
Phosphate, Arsenate und Vanadate
Cobaltmineral
Arsenmineral

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Georges St. Pierre and winner of Josh Koscheck vs Paul Daley to be the next Ultimate Fighter coaches
By David Bixenspan May 7, 2010, 3:57pm EDT
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GEORGES ST-PIERRE AND WINNER OF BOUT BETWEEN
JOSH KOSCHECK AND PAUL DALEY AT UFC 113 TO COACH SEASON 12 OF "THE ULTIMATE FIGHTER"
New York, NY, May 7, 2010 - UFC® welterweight champion Georges "Rush" St-Pierre (20-2-0) will serve as one of the coaches on the twelfth season of Spike TV's most popular original series ever, "The Ultimate Fighter®". One of the most dominant fighters on the planet, St-Pierre will be coaching against the number one contender in the welterweight division, either Josh Koscheck (16-4-0) or Paul Daley (23-8-2), who square off for that honor this Saturday at UFC 113 in St-Pierre's hometown of Montreal. The new season premieres Wednesday, September 15 at 10:00 PM ET/PT featuring some of the best unsigned fighters in the world in the lightweight division. The new season goes into production in June 2010 in Las Vegas and will last six weeks. The cast will be announced later this summer.
A native of Montreal, QB, Georges St-Pierre began training in martial arts at the age of 7, when he began learning Kyokushin karate in order to defend himself from a bully at school. He earned a black belt in this discipline before he began to expand his MMA training, achieving a black belt in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and become well versed in wrestling, boxing and Muay Thai. St-Pierre began his amateur fighting career at the age of 16, and, since then, has established himself as one of the best pound-for-pound fighters in the history of mixed martial arts. A two-time UFC welterweight champion whose current reign includes four consecutive title defenses, St-Pierre's career boasts wins over the likes of Matt Hughes, BJ Penn, Sean Sherk, Matt Serra, Jon Fitch, Thiago Alves and Dan Hardy. He was named Fighter of the Year 2009 by Sports Illustrated.
A trainer on the fourth season of "The Ultimate Fighter," St-Pierre is one of mixed martial arts' biggest mainstream stars holding major national endorsement deals and having appeared in two movies, "Death Warrior" and "Never Surrender."
St-Pierre's potential opposing coaches on the show are Josh Koscheck, an alumnus from the first season of "The Ultimate Fighter" and member of the famed American Kickboxing Academy in San Jose, CA who is looking for a rematch with St-Pierre after dropping a decision to him in 2007 at UFC 74; and Paul Daley, a devastating striker that trains with Team Rough House in Nottingham, UK that has knocked out his opponents in 18 of his 23 mixed martial arts victories. The two meet this Saturday in Montreal in at UFC 113 with a date with St-Pierre on "The Ultimate Fighter" and, later, inside the OctagonTM, on the line.
Spike TV is available in 98.6 million homes and is a division of MTV Networks. A unit of Viacom (NYSE: VIA, VIA.B), MTV Networks is one of the world's leading creators of programming and content across all media platforms. Spike TV's Internet address is www.spike.com and for up-to-the-minute and archival press information and photographs, visit Spike TV's press site at http://www.spike.com/press.


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New Clues for Delaying, Preventing Type 1 Diabetes
PNNL team pinpoints changes that ease immune attack.
PNNL scientist Wei-Jun Qian and colleagues have contributed to a study that offers clues for delaying or even preventing the autoimmune attack that's at the core of type-1 diabetes.
Measures to control diabetes. Image credit: Pixabay via Pexels.com (Pexels licence)
The study team, led by Rohit Kulkarni at the Joslin Diabetes Center at Harvard, spurred young mice to produce modified cells known as beta cells before they become the target of the body's immune system. The process altered the identity of the beta cells, changing them in fundamental ways that made them less of a target. The scientists published their results in Nature Metabolism.
The body's autoimmune attack on beta cells, located in the pancreas, is at the root of type-1 diabetes. The beta cells produce insulin, and when the cells die, insulin production drops or ceases.
The Harvard team created mice that produced more beta cells than typical when young, when an organism's immune system is still learning to distinguish self from non-self and friend from enemy. While the mice were bred to be especially prone to developing type 1 diabetes, the team showed that with the extra modified beta cells, the mice were much less likely to develop the disease than their control counterparts.
Delving deeper into the why
To learn why, the team turned to PNNL researchers, sending to the laboratory a handful of coveted beta cells culled from the islets in the pancreas of the mice.
The PNNL team used highly sensitive mass spectrometry to measure levels of a few thousand proteins from beta cells. Qian and colleagues, including Paul Piehowski and Richard Smith, found that the cells are less likely to carry auto-antigens that provoke an attack by the immune system's effector T cells. They also found that the beta cells from the modified mice had much lower levels of a complex of proteins known as MHC, which invite attack from the immune system.
The Harvard team also noted broader changes in the immune environment of the modified mice. For instance, they had more regulatory T cells, which helps keep other T cells, including the ones that stage the attack seen in diabetes, in check.
In an accompanying "news and view" column in the journal, scientists not involved in the study wrote, "All these data support the novel concept that the induction of proliferation in beta cells may serve as a tool not only to regenerate insulin-producing islets but also to restore immunological self-tolerance."
Qian had been doing diabetes-related research for several years when an experience with friends drove home the importance of the work. His friends' young daughter suddenly became ill, and the family ended up in the emergency room, thinking their daughter was suffering from the flu or a similar illness. Instead, doctors found that the girl had a blood sugar level near 500 as a result of Type 1 diabetes.
"It's a lifelong disease, and these patients are on insulin for life. To find a cure would be amazing," said Qian.
Qian's team has a longstanding collaboration with Harvard researchers through the Human Islet Research Network and other mechanisms supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The measurements were made at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE Office of Science user facility located at PNNL.
Source: PNNL


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Greater Manchester Chamber of Commerce
Business groups reflect on a 'positive' 2014
Business groups have hailed 2014 as a "landmark" year for Greater Manchester
(Image: Mark Waugh)
Business groups have hailed 2014 as a "landmark" year for Greater Manchester.
The historic devolution deal for Greater Manchester's combined authority, the progress of the £800m Airport City development and Metrolink line to the airport completing a full year ahead of schedule were all cited as highpoints.
Leaders at the Greater Manchester Local Enterprise Partnership, Greater Manchester Chamber of Commerce, CBI North West, the Federation of Small Businesses and the Forum of Private Business also agreed that it had been a strong 12 months for exports and the region's rapidly growing science sector.
The introduction of the 'Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Bill', following the Queen's Speech has also been described as important for the region's firms.
As has the data showing 38,100 people in Greater Manchester were pocketing Jobseekers' Allowance in November, the lowest number of people claiming since 2005.
Chris Fletcher, director of policy and communications at Greater Manchester Chamber of Commerce
"2014 was the year when the issue of local devolution went from a pipe dream to reality in the space of a few months.
"Following the Chancellor's 'Northern Powerhouse' speech in June not many would have thought that just five months later a deal would have been done with the Greater Manchester Combined Authority that well and truly put Greater Manchester back in the driving seat for innovative thinking as regards local government.
"Of course much still needs sorting out however the framework is there and while detail is still sparse many chamber members are anticipating the new governance model allowing them a greater say in local issues."
"Though many businesses have already stated that without local tax raising powers for example through a reformed business rates mechanism then there may be a significant gap in what the mayor could actually deliver.
"2014 also saw the publication of the Chamber's "Campaign for Business" in the lead up to the 2015 election.
"The campaign builds on previous work but is delivered in a completely different style which allows complete business engagement which ensures its continued accuracy. Following several months of consultations and evidence gathering from members the 5 themes in the campaign accurately represent the views of Chamber members and what they want from the next government.
"Local devolution looms large over much of this so the deal struck with government last November will continue to play a crucial part in our campaign work.
"From a Chamber perspective the other highlight of 2014 was the move to our new premises in Elliot House on Deansgate in med-December."
Mike Blackburn, chair of Greater Manchester LEP
"2014 has been a landmark year for Greater Manchester, with some significant milestones reached as the culmination of many years of action and policy shaping.
"It goes without saying that 2014 will be remembered for the historic devolution deal for Greater Manchester's combined authority. The implications of the deal will mean that our city-region can now lead the way in transforming the central nature of the UK's economy; in asserting greater control over some important areas of spending and new decision-making powers. "
"It has also been a momentous year for Manchester's scientific legacy, fittingly in what became Manchester's first year as European City of Science. Recent announcements including the £235m Sir Henry Royce Advanced Materials Institute, £40m in life sciences funding for Manchester Science Partnerships, and a £3m grant for the Museum of Science and Industry have been tremendous news for our academic and business community.
"Furthermore, Manchester Airport in particular has been central to several success stories with its passenger numbers growing consistently throughout the year. Airport City has progressed well, with DHL becoming the first company to agree to relocate to the £800m development.
"The Metrolink line to the airport completing a full year ahead of schedule was also another highpoint, increasing connectivity across the conurbation."
Phil Orford MBE, chief executive at the Forum of Private Business
"On the positive side, the UK economy has continued to grow at levels above those of our international competitors.
"Business support initiatives including regional growth support, research & development tax credits, investment tax incentives and devolved powers will help to support future growth. Access to Start-Up Loans has continued to foster innovation and the birth of new businesses."
"On the downside though, we have continued to see sizeable additions to the already significant regulatory burdens placed on small business owners as highlighted in our Cost of Compliance research and the recent Reform Report."
"In 2015 pension auto-enrolment will continue to add to small firms' compliance costs in what will remain a challenging time for many."
"SME lending figures remain disappointing, despite efforts by the Treasury and the Bank of England through Funding for Lending and the formation of the British Business Bank. Late payment remains an issue for many small firms.
"Worryingly, we are now seeing a rising trend of new regressive practices by large retailers which further burden their suppliers' ability to operate profitably with positive cash flow."
CBI North West Director Damian Waters
"2014 has been a positive year. As I've visited businesses of all types and sizes in all parts of the North West, I've sensed a greater level of optimism than for some time.
"It's private sector growth that's driving the UK recovery and this region is playing a significant role in that. Growth in mid-sized businesses here has been very impressive, higher than in most other regions both in turnover and jobs.
"The north west is now one of the strongest parts of the UK for exports. The USA is a key market for companies here and growth has been good.
"I've also been very pleased to see some important developments this year which can help the region build on this success, not just in the immediate future, but over the second half of the decade and beyond.
"Boosting exports is critical to the UK's future growth. Manchester Airports Group's airport city plan got the go ahead and will be a game changer for the region. Without a network of thriving international airports the UK risks missing out on export links to the world's emerging and fastest-growing markets.
"The notion of a Northern powerhouse of cities, helped to fulfil their jobs and wealth-generating potential, is exciting. It puts our region at the centre of national attention. Manchester's deal with the Chancellor broke new ground.
"Our transport networks are the arteries of our economy which is why the businesses I speak to are encouraged by support for our infrastructure which is vital to attracting new business investment. And, just yesterday new CBI figures showed that, as recovery continues, firms here have some of the strongest job-creation intentions in the UK.
"The balance between companies expecting to add to their workforce and those planning to cut jobs is a positive 49 per cent in the north west, beaten only by Scotland.
"More and more of those jobs will be permanent and the outlook for young people is also brighter. Firms are looking to boost their graduate in-take and expand apprenticeships."
Simon Edmondson, regional chair for Manchester & North Cheshire, Federation of Small Businesses
"There have been so many highlights over the past 12 months, it's hard to pick the few that really stand out. For me personally though, May's National Conference which was held here in Manchester in the FSB's 40th anniversary year was a great experience.
"Not only did we have George Osborne there on the opening day, but later in the week we also welcomed Ed Milliband and various other MPs.
"I think the event showed just how far the FSB has come as a business support and lobbying organisation, and also underlines how well regarded we are in the corridors of power. FSB speaks, politicians listen.
"The Queen's Speech in June was also a landmark moment with the introduction of the 'Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Bill'. This was a significant piece of legislation that, for the first time, specifically addresses the needs of small businesses.
"The proposed legislation represents a major achievement for the FSB, which has long campaigned for measures to create a fairer marketplace and improve the general operating environment for small businesses.
"Tackling issues around prompt payment, access to finance, employment law, procurement and large pub companies controlling rent increases and beer prices for smaller public establishments – are all issues that really impact on small business so it's great to see some positive movement to address them."
Follow @MENBusinessDesk
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Is The Yankees Hair Policy A Violation Of The Constitution?
Post author By Dylan Harriger
Former National League MVP and five-time All-Star outfielder Andrew McCutchen recently stated that the "Yankees' hair rules take away from our individualism." McCutchen was traded from Pittsburgh to San Francisco and then again to New York within the span of 2018. McCutchen was a member of the Yankees team after being acquired at the now defunct August Waiver trade deadline, appearing in 25 games including their postseason run that ended with an ALDS loss to the Boston Red Sox.
Upon his arrival to New York, McCutchen (like all other New York Yankees organization members), was required to shave his face outside of a mustache. McCutchen opted to shave his entire face, which was a big change for him. Those familiar with McCutchen's renaissance efforts to resurrect the Pittsburgh Pirates from the abyss of Major League Baseball are aware that he always sported facial hair. After the aforementioned trade to the Giants, McCutchen kept his same facial hair. Now, as a member of the Philadelphia Phillies and not surprisingly, he has brought back his facial hair.
The Yankees hair policy states that, "All players, coaches and male executives are forbidden to display any facial hair other than mustaches and scalp hair may not be grown below the collar. Long sideburns and 'mutton chops' are not specifically banned." This was instilled by then owner George Steinbrenner III in 1973. Thus, over the past 47 years, players have had no choice to express themselves as it pertains to their facial hair or hairstyle. As Sheryl Ring wrote in 2019, New York state passed a new law (S.04037 /A.4204) that forbids discrimination as it pertains to facial hair; in addition to the state law that prohibits employers from regulating hair styles/length (A07797A). However, I wanted to look at this issue from a constitutional standpoint.
The First Amendment, guarantees "freedom of expression" to individuals in the United States. It has been held that, "employers may set standards for their employees' personal appearance, including their hair length and style, if the regulations are related to legitimate business or governmental objectives. Employers, school officials, and prison administrators have given a number of reasons for regulations determining hair length and hair styles; among them are identification, safety, hygiene, and appropriateness."
However, Major League Baseball franchises, such as the New York Yankees would not fall under a governmental objective or legitimate business. Thus, the Supreme Court ruling in Kelley v. Johnson, which "held that hair grooming requirements were legitimate ways of helping to make police officers more easily identifiable to the general public and of helping to maintain esprit de corps within the police force," likely does not apply to professional sports franchises. Furthermore, "the rights of uniformed governmental officers, such as the police or those in the military, differ significantly from other public employees (or, for that matter, the average citizen)."
Nonetheless, private organizations or companies, like the New York Yankees, can set limits on grooming, dress attire and even facial hair. To illustrate, in 2013 a security guard brought suit when a new CEO required all security guards to shave their facial hair. The court threw out the complaint relying on the premise that, "No such right[s] exist for private-sector workers."
Clearly, the Constitution grants individuals the right to have facial hair and choose their hair length. However, as it pertains to government regulated fields and private sectors there is no protection. Therefore, the New York Yankees policy is not in violation of the Constitution.
As mentioned in 2019, New York state passed S.04037 /A.4204, "which prohibits employment discrimination based on religious attire, clothing or facial hair." The Yankees organization members could certainly challenge this team rule and would have a strong opportunity to succeed based on this legislation. On this point, Cheryl Ring's article reinforced, the New York state "hair law A07797A, which… banned an employer from prohibiting, among other things, dreadlocks, braids and twists." A07797A specifically, "[p]rohibits race discrimination based on natural hair or hairstyles." This would seemingly repudiate the Yankees "scalp hair may not be grown below the collar" policy. Andrew McCutchen made an important comment on the Yankees restrictions against individualism. It will be interesting to see how the rest of the baseball responds, especially current and former Yankees.
Tags Andrew McCutchen, first amendment, Freedom of Expression, New York Yankees
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بودكاست مشابه لـ The History Of England بودكاست
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The History of China
A journey through the 5000 years of history documented by one of the world's oldest continuous civilizations. For all the episodes for free, as well as additional content, please subscribe and/or visit http://thehistoryofchina.wordpress.com . See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
The History of Egypt Podcast
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Discover ancient Egypt, in their own words. This podcast uses ancient texts and archaeology to uncover the lost world of the Nile Valley. A tale of pharaohs, pyramids, gods, and people. The show is written by a trained Egyptologist and uses detailed, up-to-date research. We dive deep into the ancient society, to uncover their fascinating tales. A member of the Agora Podcast Network. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
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Tides of History
Wondery / Patrick Wyman
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Dan Snow's History Hit
History Hit
History! The most exciting and important things that have ever happened on the planet! Featuring reports from the weird and wonderful places around the world where history has been made and interviews with some of the best historians writing today. Dan also covers some of the major anniversaries as they pass by and explores the deep history behind today's headlines - giving you the context to understand what is going on today.
Fin Dwyer
The Irish History Podcast brings you on a journey through Ireland's fascinating past. This podcast is not just dates but an enthralling account of Ireland's history, looking at daily life through the ages. The show is currently focused on the Great Irish Famine of the 1840s (see below), while the archive contains the stories of Ireland's ancient High Kings, Viking raiders and the Norman Invasion of the Middle Ages. The story of the Great Famine has proved the most popular to date,Between 184 ...
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On a remote mountain in Hawaii, there's a fake planet Mars. Six volunteers are secluded in an imitation Mars habitat where they will work as imitation astronauts for one very real year. The goal: to help NASA understand what life might be like on the red planet—and plan for the day when the dress rehearsals are over, and we blast off for real. Host Lynn Levy has been chronicling this experiment from the moment the crew set foot in their habitat, communicating with them through audio diaries ...
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