Vibrant purple mini calla lilies are a treat fit for royalty! Elegantly displayed with a the modern addition of a succulent plant, it will make a grand, sophisticated impression.
Ten stems of purple mini calla lilies are arranged with tropical grasses and a succulent plant in a modern clear glass vase.


text:
41 -> 60 from 2952 Titles. (Arranged by )
A Note on the Possible Relationship of King Rama Khamhaeng's Sukhodaya Script ........
By : Singaravelu, S & A.B. Griswold & Prasert Na Nagara
Order Code : X3438.57/1
Absolute Dreams: Thai Government under Rama VI, 1910-1925........
By : Greene, Stephen L. W.
Bangkok 1999, - US$17.00
Activity Report 1990-91: Asian Disaster Preparedness Center........
By : Asian Disaster Preparedness Center A.I.T.
ADJ (November 1998)........
By : Asian Defence Journal
Kuala Lumpur, 1998 - US$10.00
Adjustment of Mortality Statistics and Life Table Construction in Thailand........
By : Suchart Prasith-Rathsint
Administration of Justice in Thailand, The........
By : Thai Bar Association
Adventure in Bangkok........
By : Hamori, Laszlo
New York 1966 - US$25.00
Adventurers in Siam in the Seventeenth Century........
By : Hutchinson, E. W.
Bangkok 1985 (repr. from 1940) - US$28.00
Aekalak Thai Lem 1: Thai Nation Identity........
By : Secretariat of the Prime Minister
Bangkok 2000 (Thai text) - US$24.50
Aeng Arayatham Isan: A Northeastern site of Civilization, New Archeological evi........
By : Srisakara Vallibhotama
Bangkok 1995, (Thai text) - US$25.00
Aesthetics of Power, the: Architecture, Modernity from Siam to Thailand........
By : Koompong Noobanjong
Bangkok 2013 - US$30.00
Ageing in Thailand 1997........
By : Sutthichai Jitapunkul & Srichitra Bunnag
Agricultural Development of a Tropical Delta........
By : Takaya, Yoshikazu (Translated By Peter Hawkes)
Kyoto, 1987 - US$58.00
Agricultural Employment Creation and the Improvement of the Ouality........
By : Chiangmai and Chulalongkorn University
Chiang Mai 1985 - US$47.00
Order Code : E21281/1-3
Agricultural Extension in Thailand........
By : Sawanit Phongprapai & E. Desingu Setty
Agricultural Information and Technological Change in Northern Thailand........
By : Mingsarn Kaosa-Ard Et Al.
Agricultural Production and Household Budgets in A Shan Peasant Village i........
By : Durrenberger, E. Paul
Athen, 1978 - US$18.00
Akha Und Meau Vol. 1-2........
By : Bernatzik, Hugo Adolf
Wien, 1947 (German text) - US$150.00
Akha Voices: Hilltribe Days, Human Rights-Land Rights-The Right to One's Ow........
By : McDaniel, Matthew
Chiang Rai 2003 - US$15.00
Aksorn Tham Sampan: The History of Lanna Alphabet past and present since Sib........
By : Nopakun Tantikul
Chiang Mai, no date (Thai text) - US$27.50
Pages 3 << Peview 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 100 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 109 | 110 | 111 | 112 | 113 | 114 | 115 | 116 | 117 | 118 | 119 | 120 | 121 | 122 | 123 | 124 | 125 | 126 | 127 | 128 | 129 | 130 | 131 | 132 | 133 | 134 | 135 | 136 | 137 | 138 | 139 | 140 | 141 | 142 | 143 | 144 | 145 | 146 | 147 | 148 | >> Next
Journey in Siam (1863), A
By Bastian, Adolf
Karen Language Phrasebook: Bas
By Rhoden, T. F.
Khmer Rouge Nationalism and Ma
By Keo, Duong
Rao Khit Arai, Nangsue Phim Ra
By Rao Khid Arai Magazine
Rapid Rural Appraisal in North
By Khon Kaen University
Rassendynamik von Ostasien
By Eickstedt, Egon Freiherr von
Rassendynamik von Ostasien II
Rattha thammanoon Si-Lerd: Blo
By Yeang

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


By Melissa Kruse-Peeples, Education Coordinator and Nicholas Garber, Conservation Program Manager.
If you are familiar with Native Seeds/SEARCH, you are probably aware that we steward a collection of arid-adapted seeds from the Southwest United States and Northwest Mexico in our seed bank in Tucson. Seed banking provides long-term security for agricultural biodiversity. However, is it just one of our core strategies. The work of Native Seeds/SEARCH also focuses on empowering local seed stewardship through education and putting agricultural biodiversity in the hands of regional farmers. After all, what good is the agricultural diversity if no one is growing, eating, and stewarding these crops in their places of origin? Earlier this month we traveled to work with growers at White Mountain Apache and Hopi with these goals in mind.
Ndée Bikíyaa (The People's Farm), located outside of Canyon Day, AZ, is a project of the White Mountain Apache Tribe Water Resources Department and farms traditional crops, vegetables, and fruit trees on 24 acres. The goals of the farm are to support healthy living and a reconnection to farming among tribal members.
They are one of several participants in the Bulk Seed Exchange program this summer season. We delivered seeds for Apache Sugar Cane, Apache White Striped Sunflowers, and Apache Giant Squash. As Grant, one of the farm employees said, "The seeds are coming home." Indeed.
Throughout our visit we couldn't help but be inspired by the amazing work of this group. We were able to tour the farm's seed bank, passive green house, hoop houses, and the massive pit used to make BBQ corn in the Fall. We hope to make it back at the end of the season for the Harvest Festival to see the roasting pit in action. Currently, lettuce, peas, and other cool season crops are thriving in the shade houses. Much of this makes its way to the Rainbow Treatment Center, the tribal drug and alcohol rehabilitation center. Soon the fields will be planted with Apache yellow corn, beans and the seeds we delivered.
Our trip to Ndée Bikíyaa was enroute to Kykotsmovi Village on the Hopi reservation where we partnered with Hopi Tutskwa Permaculture and the Hopi Office of the Cooperative Extension Office on the Hopi Seed-Keeper Initiative. This exciting initiative aims to strengthen and increase the viability of traditional Hopi agricultural seed heritage systems to increase the seed-keeping practices and enhanced cultural understanding around seed-keeping. The initiative has numerous opportunities planned for the Hopi community in the upcoming months including seed saving trainings, film screenings, seed exchanges, and field trips.


text:
Rage of Angels
The signalman on the ground, wearing oversized earmuffs, waved his two semaphores, guiding the jumbo 747 toward the waiting ramp. The plane pulled up to a fixed circle and, at a signal, the pilot cut the four Pratt & Whitney turbofan engines.
Inside the giant plane a steward's voice came over the loudspeaker, "Ladies and gentlemen, we have just landed at New York's Kennedy Airport. We thank you for flying TWA. Will all passengers please remain in their seats until a further announcement. Thank you."
There were general murmurs of protest. A moment later the doors were opened by the ramp crew. The two FBI agents seated with Jennifer in the front of the plane rose to their feet.
One of them turned to Jennifer and said, "Let's go."
The passengers watched with curiosity as the three people left the plane. A few minutes later the steward's voice came over the loudspeaker again. "Thank you for your patience, ladies and gentlemen. You may now disembark."
A government limousine was waiting at a side entrance to the airport. The first stop was the Metropolitan Correctional Center at 150 Park Row, that connected into the United States Court House at Foley Square.
After Jennifer had been booked, one of the FBI men said, "Sorry, we can't keep you here. We have orders to take you out to Riker's Island."
The ride to Riker's Island was made in silence. Jennifer sat in the back seat between the two FBI men, saying nothing, but her mind was busy. The two men had been uncommunicative during the entire trip across the ocean, so Jennifer had no way of knowing how much trouble she was in. She knew that it was serious, for it was not easy to obtain a warrant of extradition.
She could do nothing to help herself while she was in jail. Her first priority was to get out on bail.
They were crossing the bridge to Riker's Island now, and Jennifer looked out at the familiar view, a view she had seen a hundred times on the way to talk to clients. And now she was a prisoner.
But not for long, Jennifer thought. Michael will get me out.
The two FBI men escorted Jennifer into the reception building and one of the men handed the guard the extradition warrant.
"Jennifer Parker."
The guard glanced at it. "We've been expecting you, Miss Parker. You have a reservation in Detention Cell Three."
"I have the right to one phone call."
The guard nodded toward the telephone on his desk. "Sure."
Jennifer picked it up, silently praying that Michael Moretti was in. She began to dial.
Michael Moretti had been waiting for Jennifer's call. For the last twenty-four hours he had been able to think of nothing else. He had been informed when Jennifer had landed in London, when her plane had left Heathrow, and when she had arrived back in New York. He had sat at his desk, mentally tracking Jennifer on her way to Riker's Island. He had visualized her entering the prison. She would demand to make a phone call before they put her in a cell. She would call him. That was all he asked. He would have her out of there in an hour, and then she would be on her way to him. Michael Moretti was living for the moment when Jennifer Parker walked through the door.
Jennifer had done the unforgivable. She had given her body to the man who was trying to destroy him. And what else had she given him? What secrets had she told him?
Adam Warner was the father of Jennifer's son. Michael was certain of that now. Jennifer had lied to him from the beginning, had told him that Joshua's father was dead. Well, that was a prophecy that will soon be fulfilled, Michael told himself. He was caught in an ironic conflict. On the one hand, he had a powerful weapon he could use to discredit and destroy Adam Warner. He could blackmail Warner with the threat of exposing his relationship with Jennifer; but if he did that, he would be exposing himself. When the Families learned - and they would learn - that Michael's woman was the mistress of the head of the Senate Investigating Committee, Michael would become a laughingstock. He would no longer be able to hold up his head or command his men. A cuckold was not fit to be a don. So the blackmail threat was a double-edged sword and, as tempting as it was, Michael knew that he dare not use it. He would have to destroy his enemies in another way.
Michael looked at the small, crudely drawn map on the desk in front of him. It was Adam Warner's route to where he was going to attend a private fund-raising dinner party that evening. The map had cost Michael Moretti five thousand dollars. It was going to cost Adam Warner his life.
The telephone rang on Michael's desk and he involuntarily started. He picked it up and heard Jennifer's voice on the other end. That voice that had whispered endearments into his ear, that had begged him to make love to her, that -
"Michael - are you there?"
"I'm here. Where are you?"
"They've got me at Riker's Island. They're holding me on a murder charge. Bail hasn't been set yet. When can you - ?"
"I'll have you out of there in no time. Just sit tight. Okay?"
"Yes, Michael." He could hear the relief in her voice.
"I'll have Gino pick you up."
A few moments later Michael reached for the telephone and dialed a number. He spoke into the phone for several minutes.
"I don't care how high the bail is. I want her out now."
He replaced the receiver and pressed a button on his desk. Gino Gallo came in.
"Jennifer Parker's at Riker's Island. She should be sprung in an hour or two. Pick her up and bring her here."
"Right, boss."
Michael leaned back in his chair. "Tell her we won't have to worry about Adam Warner after today."
Gino Gallo's face brightened. "No?"
"No. He's on his way to deliver a speech, but he'll never get there. He's going to have an accident at the bridge at New Canaan."
Gino Gallo smiled. "That's great, boss."
Michael gestured toward the door. "Move."
District Attorney Di Silva fought Jennifer's bail with every stratagem at his command. They were appearing before William Bennett, a judge of the Supreme Court of New York.
"Your Honor," Robert Di Silva said, "the defendant is charged with a dozen counts of felony. We had to extradite her from Singapore. If she's granted bail, she'll flee to someplace where there is no extradition. I ask that Your Honor deny bail."
John Lester, a former judge who was representing Jennifer, said, "The District Attorney is guilty of gross distortion, Your Honor. My client did not flee anywhere. She was in Singapore on business. If the government had asked her to return she would have done so voluntarily. She's a reputable attorney with a large practice here. It would be inconceivable that she would run away."
The arguments went on for more than thirty minutes.
At the end of that time, Judge Bennett said, "Bail is granted in the sum of five hundred thousand dollars."
"Thank you, Your Honor," Jennifer's attorney said. "We'll pay the bail."
Fifteen minutes later, Gino Gallo was helping Jennifer into the back of a Mercedes limousine.
"That didn't take long," he said.
Jennifer did not reply. Her mind was on what was happening. She had been completely isolated in Singapore. She had no idea of what had been going on in the United States, but she was certain that her arrest was not an unrelated incident. They would not be after her alone. She badly needed to talk to Michael and find out what had been happening. Di Silva had to be very sure of himself to have had her brought back on a murder charge. He -
Gino Gallo said two words that caught Jennifer's attention.
"...Adam Warner..."
Jennifer had not been listening.
"What did you say?"
"I said we won't have to worry about Adam Warner no more. Mike is havin' him took care of."
Jennifer could feel her heart begin to pound. "He is? When?"
Gino Gallo raised his hand from the wheel to glance at his watch. "In about fifteen minutes. It's set up to look like an accident."
Jennifer's mouth was suddenly dry. "Where - " She could not get the words out. "Where - where is it going to happen?"
"New Canaan. The bridge."
They were passing through Queens. Ahead was a shopping center with a pharmacy.
"Gino, will you pull up in front of that drugstore? I have to get something."
"Sure." He skillfully turned the wheel and swung into the entrance to the shopping center. "Can I help you?"
"No, no. I'll - I'll only be a minute."
Jennifer got out of the car and hurried inside, nerves screaming. There was a telephone booth at the back of the store. Jennifer reached into her purse. She had no change except for some Singapore coins. She hurried over to the cashier and pulled out a dollar.
"Could I have change, please?"
The bored cashier took Jennifer's money and gave her a handful of silver. Jennifer dashed back to the telephone. A stout woman was picking up the receiver and dialing.
Jennifer said, "I have an emergency. I wonder if I could - "
The woman glared at her and kept dialing.
"Hello, Hazel," the woman whooped. "My horoscope was right. I've had the worst day! You know the shoes I was going to pick up at Delman's? Would you believe they sold the only pair they had in my size?"
Jennifer touched the woman's arm and begged, "Please!"
"Get your own phone," the woman hissed. She turned back to the receiver. "Remember the suede ones we saw? Gone! So you know what I did? I said to that clerk..."
Jennifer closed her eyes and stood there, oblivious to everything but the torment inside her. Michael must not kill Adam. She had to do whatever she could to save him.
The woman hung up and turned to Jennifer. "I should make another call, just to teach you a lesson," she said.
As she walked away, smiling at her little victory, Jennifer made a grab for the phone. She called Adam's office.
"I'm sorry," his secretary said, "but Senator Warner is not in. Do you wish to leave a message?"
"It's urgent," Jennifer said. "Do you know where he can be reached?"
"No, I'm sorry. If you would like to - "
Jennifer hung up. She stood there a moment, thinking, then quickly dialed another number. "Robert Di Silva."
There was an interminable wait and then: "The District Attorney's office."
"I have to speak to Mr. Di Silva. This is Jennifer Parker."
"I'm sorry. Mr. Di Silva is in a conference. He can't be dis - "
"You get him on this telephone. This is an emergency. Hurry!" Jennifer's voice was trembling.
Di Silva's secretary hesitated. "Just a moment."
A minute later, Robert Di Silva was on the telephone. "Yes?" His voice was unfriendly.
"Listen, and listen carefully," Jennifer said. "Adam Warner's going to be killed. It's going to happen in the next ten or fifteen minutes. They're planning to do it at the New Canaan bridge."
She hung up. There was nothing more she could do. A brief vision of Adam's torn body came into her mind and she shuddered. She looked at her watch and silently prayed that Di Silva would be able to get help there in time.
Robert Di Silva replaced the receiver and looked at the halfdozen men in his office. "That was a weird call."
"Who was it?"
"Jennifer Parker. She said they're going to assassinate Senator Warner."
"Why did she call you?"
"Who knows?"
"Do you think it's on the level?"
District Attorney Di Silva said, "Hell, no."
Jennifer walked through the office door and, in spite of himself, Michael could not help reacting to her beauty. It was the same way he felt every time he saw her. Outside, she was the loveliest woman he had ever seen. But inside she was treacherous, deadly. He looked at the lips that had kissed Adam Warner and at the body that had lain in Adam Warner's arms.
She was walking in saying, "Michael, I'm so glad to see you. Thank you for arranging everything so quickly."
"No problem. I've been waiting for you, Jennifer." She would never know how much he meant that.
She sank into an armchair. "Michael, what in God's name is going on? What's happening?"
He studied her, half admiring her. She was responsible for helping to bring his empire crashing down, and she was sitting there innocently asking what was going on!
"Do you know why they brought me back?"
Sure, he thought. So you can sing some more for them. He remembered the little yellow canary with its broken neck. That would be Jennifer soon.
Jennifer looked into his black eyes. "Are you all right?"
"I've never been better." He leaned back in his chair. "In a few minutes, all our problems are going to be over."
"Senator Warner is going to have an accident. That'll cool off the committee pretty good." He looked at the clock on the wall. "I should be getting a phone call any minute."
There was something odd in Michael's manner, something forbidding. Jennifer was filled with a sudden premonition of danger. She knew she had to get out of there.
She stood up. "I haven't had a chance to unpack. I'll go - "
"Sit down." The undertone in Michael's voice sent a chill down her back.
"Michael - "
"Sit down."
She glanced toward the door. Gino Gallo was standing there, his back against it, watching Jennifer with no expression on his face.
"You're not going anywhere," Michael told her.
"I don't under - "
"Don't talk. Don't say another word."
They sat there waiting, staring at each other, and the only sound in the room was the loud ticking of the clock on the wall. Jennifer tried to read Michael's eyes, but they were blank, filled with nothing, giving away nothing.
The sudden ringing of the telephone jarred the stillness of the room. Michael picked up the receiver. "Hello?...Are you sure?...All right. Get out of there." He replaced the receiver and looked up at Jennifer. "The bridge at New Canaan is swarming with cops."
Jennifer could feel the relief flooding through her body. It became a sense of exhilaration. Michael was watching her and she made an effort not to let her emotions show.
Jennifer asked, "What does that mean?"
Michael said slowly, "Nothing. Because that's not where Adam Warner is going to die."


text:
Mass Violence and Terrorism Recovery Planning
The San Diego County Office of Emergency Services had an Operational Area Recovery Plan, however, it did not include recovery actions for mass violence or terrorism. Hagerty was there to help.
Hagerty Consulting / About Us / Case Studies / Mass Violence and Terrorism Recovery Planning
The San Diego County Office of Emergency Services (OES) has an Operational Area (OA) Recovery Plan, however, it did not include recovery actions for mass violence or terrorism.
The San Diego County Office of Emergency Services (OES) requested support to develop a functional, hazard-specific annex, referred to as the Post-Terrorism/Mass Violence Recovery Annex, to the Operational Area (OA) Recovery Plan to identify the recovery-related actions OA stakeholders should take to support the recovery efforts following a mass violence or terrorist incident.
Hagerty developed the Post-Terrorism/Mass Violence Recovery Annex by conducting best practice research; reviewing OA-related plans, policies and procedures; and convening a series of facilitated meetings with recovery stakeholders that included local, state, and federal-level, as well as public and private sector organizations.
The OA Post-Terrorism/Mass Violence Recovery Annex incorporates background information on mass violence and terrorism as it relates to the recovery process, discusses communication and information sharing issues associated with these incidents, identifies recovery focus areas as they apply to the recovery continuum, and outlines a series of reference guides for those recovery focus areas. Reference guides were created for each focus area, including reunification, family assistance, donations management, continuity of operations, restoration of health and human services, mental and behavioral health, environmental health, community outreach, cost recovery, economic recovery, and recovery monitoring. For each reference guide, the primary recovery objectives, suggested agencies, systems and communication tools, operational actions, preparedness activities, and support material are outlined.
The annex that has been developed will remain a living document that is updated by OES, as needed.


Are you looking for the best Cockroach Pictures For Kids for your personal blogs, projects or designs, then ClipArtMag is the place just for you. We have collected 40+ original and carefully picked Cockroach Pictures For Kids in one place. You can find more Cockroach Pictures For Kids in our search box. Feel free to download, share and use them!
640x480 15 Creepily Amazing Cockroach Facts! Fun Facts You Need To Know!


High Perfromance anchor with the vast choice of diameters and head styles, Triga Z is a solution for cracked and non-cracked concrete.
Torque controlled expansion anchor developed for fixing safety barriers and especially designed for close edge distance.
High Performance anchor that conforms to ETA option 1, approved for an assured fix into cracked and non-cracked concrete.
Torque controlled mechanical through fixing, for speed and efficiency on site.
A broad range of internally threaded anchors for bolts and threaded rod.
High Performance anchor - million fold proven anchor and the strongest in its class.


Any group ride outs/meets planned in NE?
Anybody at Hartside tomorrow morning?
St. Mary's Loch Cafe - Waypoint?
WHO WAS THE LAST PERSON IN THE NORTHERN SECTION ?
Fancy a ride out ?
the 'Long Way Up! - heading up and down!
I've got a new bike!
Howay t'the "cyber Burns nicht" ..
Can you check out my route please?
Llangollen Wales 4th - 6th May Anyone?
Llangollen Wales - anyone going?
Many folk going to Rosedale?
Newcastle Bergen Ferry - Hotel Suggestions?
There Giving it Away at The Mill .
Paint Job On a Helmet .
THE BIG SIX Latest News.
Anybody know local "off road" routes ?
08 or 07 adventure ???
Anyone planning any ride outs?
Steam Railway, Beer and Camping in Lake District.
B&Bs or Hotels in t'north?
Anyone bide near Durham / Sherburn?
Easter Egg Run - Were You There?
Saturday lunch 12/04 - The Best Fish & Chips in Britain?
To the fella with the mint 1150 SE in Mills today..
GOTC 2008 - Anyone going?


The province of Barcelona has very attractive cities as Vic, Manresa and Cardona that have a fairly fascinating artistic and natural heritage. Vilafranca del Penedès and Sant Sadurni d'Anoia are famous too, for they are respectively the capitals of wine and of the cava, a sparkling wine from Catalonia.
One can take advantage of weekends and public holidays to visit places very close to Barcelona in these regions when they have planned to stay for a long time in the capital.


text:
Muzeul de Științele Naturii este un  din Dorohoi.

Clădirea a fost construită în stil baroc, în anul 1887, de către arhitecți italieni, după un proiect francez, cu destinația de reședință a prefecturii fostului județ Dorohoi.

Muzeul are bogate colecții de insecte, moluște, minerale, păsări etc.

Colecția entomologică a profesorului Ion Nemeș cuprinde aproximativ 250.000 de insecte autohtone (multe specii fiind noi pentru știință) și 4.500 de fluturi exotici obținuți prin schimb cu diverși colecționari din întreaga lume.

Colecția de animale exotice - prof. Cătălin Rang și Donosie Pisică cuprinde exemplare de păsări, crustacee, șerpi etc. colectate în regiunea Zair, din Africa.

În cadrul muzeului este prezentată și expoziția de artă contemporană - sticlă-porțelan - ce cuprinde obiecte realizate în anul 1985, la Fabrica de sticlă din Dorohoi, sub egida unei tabere de creație.

Clădirea muzeului este declarată monument istoric.

Vezi și
 Listă de muzee din România

Note

Legături externe
 Pagina oficială

Fondări în 1953
Muzee din județul Botoșani

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Annual Women's Show at Bradford Greenhouses Garden Gallery, in Barrie. Featuring over 100 vendors offering Fashion, Jewelry, Beauty, Health & Wellness, Food, Fitness and more! There's an amazing Fashion Show, Demos, Presentations and over 6000 dollars' worth of prizes to be won. So grab your friends, mother, daughter, sisters, aunt's and come check out the Barrie Women's Show, this weekend at Bradford Greenhouses Garden Gallery, Barrie. Admission is FREE!


Praktice is a song by musical artist Young M.A, released on March 23, 2018.
Walk is a song by musical artist Young M.A, released on November 3, 2017.
Herstory is an album by musical artist Young M.A, released on April 27, 2017.
"Ooouuu" (styled as "OOOUUU") is a song by American rapper Young M.A. The song was produced by U-Dub (of NY Bangers).
... that Young M.A has put out recently has hit quite as hard as her 2016 breakout "OOOUUU," but she's still out here, putting out new music. Today, the Brooklyn rapper is back with the dependably stony "Praktice," and you can hear it below.
"Young M.A Still Isn't Compromising"
"The Playlist: Thundercat Unplugs, Young M.A. Gets Remixed"
"Young M.A: A Vibe Grows In Brooklyn"
"5 Rising Rappers Who Are Busting Up Hip-Hop's Boys' Club"
"Young M.A Is A Bully And A Boss"


text:
Q: How to access a superclass method from a nested class? I hope this code explains the problem:
class Foo {
    void a() { / *stuff */ }
}

class Bar extends Foo {
    void a() { throw new Exception("This is not allowed for Bar"); }

    class Baz {
        void blah() {
            // how to access Foo.a from here?
        }
    }
}

I know that I may be doing something wrong, because inheritance perhaps shouldn't be used in such way. But it's the easiest way in my situation. And, beside that, I'm just curious. Is it possible?

A: You can call any method from the outer class with Outer.this.method().
But methods are resolved at runtime, so if you have overridden it in your subclass, only the subclass method (Bar.a()) can access the original (by calling super.a()).
As you probably discovered, you can't write Bar.this.super.a() -- but even if you could, it would still give you Bar.a(), not Foo.a().

A: Bar.super.a() appears to work.
Per JLS section 15.12

ClassName . super . NonWildTypeArguments_opt Identifier ( ArgumentList_opt )

is a valid MethodInvocation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With protective studs on the bottom, this Bag is the ultimate workout companion to store all essentials. Complete with multiple zipped pockets, water bottle holder and inner shoe compartment, this Bag offers secure and accessible storage.
Adjustable strap with shoulder padding for comfort.
Studs on the bottom to protect against surfaces.
Inner shoe compartment for easy storage.


Tara, a former TJC Apache Belle, is the spirit program director, coaching the cheerleaders (2012-present), drill team (2015-present) and freshmen pom squad (2007-present). She is married to Justin, a graduate of Grace (Class of '00), and they attend Green Acres Baptist Church.
Kristie grew up in Mesquite, Tx and moved to Tyler to be an Apache Belle. Kristie graduated with her Associate's degree in Sign Language in 2001 and worked as an interpreter for 16 years. She returned to school at UTT where she graduated 2017 with a Bachelors degree in Health and Kinesiology. She currently works with Cougarettes, Pom squad and coaches JH track. Kristie and her husband Jarrod have been married since 2001 and together they have 3 children Reagan, Kenedi, Caleb and are members at Grace Community Church.
Madie graduated from Bullard High School, and went on to be an Apache Belle at Tyler Junior College where she earned an Associates Degree in Kinesiology. She is Director of the Cougarettes and teaches dance classes at Dance-N-Drill studio in Tyler. She is a student at The University of Texas at Tyler, majoring in Kinesiology with a Physical Education Specialization. She attends LifePoint Fellowship Church with her family.


Debo P. Adegbile, of New York, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Thomas E. Perez, resigned.
Marc A. Kastner, of Massachusetts, to be Director of the Office of Science, Department of Energy, vice William F. Brinkman.
Mark E. Lopes, of Arizona, to be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Inter-American Foundation for a term expiring September 20, 2016, vice Hector E. Morales, term expired.
Vivek Hallegere Murthy, of Massachusetts, to be Medical Director in the Regular Corps of the Public Health Service, subject to qualifications therefor as provided by law and regulations, and to be Surgeon General of the Public Health Service for a term of four years, vice, Regina M. Benjamin, resigned.
Franklin M. Orr, Jr., of California, to be Under Secretary for Science, Department of Energy, vice Steven Elliot Koonin.


UPC Barcodes are a type of retail barcode used on all retail products except for books and magazines predominantly in the USA and Canada. These are very similar to EAN-13 barcodes. The differences are that EAN-13 barcodes have 13 digits compared with the 12 digit UPC-A barcodes. The differences between these retail barcodes can be seen here.
How to get a UPC Barcode?
You can buy UPC Barcodes here. Once we receive an order, we will email you through your barcodes with the images as attached files. You can then incorporate the barcodes into your product packaging in a visible flat location. You can also change the size of the barcode at this stage if you wish, however you should refer to the barcode specifications if you are planning on doing that.
Please see our FAQ page if you have any questions, or contact us.


text:
Q: C++ pointer mechanism - error 2440
Possible Duplicate:
Conversion of pointer-to-pointer between derived and base classes?
Converting Derived** to Base** and Derived* to Base*

I have an intf + class
class IList
{
public:
    virtual IList** GetChildList()=0;
    virtual void SetChildList(IList**)=0;
    ~IList();
};

class CList:public IList
{
    CList** m_lst;
public:
    IList** GetChildList()=0;
    virtual void SetChildList(IList**);
//...
};

IList** CList::GetChildList()
{
    return m_lst;
}

Why do I get error 2440 in MSVC in GetChildList saying "'return' : cannot convert from 'CList** **' to 'IList **"
Thanks for the help, in advance!

A: CList is derived from IList, so you can convert CList* to IList*.  However, you can't convert CList** to IList**.  You need a reinterpret_cast.


But this is not about your face. The point is you can never reach the end of reflection or pin it down to a formula or an approach – and if you try, I suggest you will quickly become bored and stale in your sketch-life! Or worse, become too critical and self-righteous.
Have you ever felt like there was pressure on all sides? A time when peace was hard to find? You are busy and when you stop, your mind is full of thoughts and your heart just races. It is difficult to sleep, and you feel wrung out, empty and exhausted. All that David had at the Cave at Adullam was the Lord.
In the same way, you can have a moment reading the scriptures and in prayer but it fades – you cannot live in the past memories. Rather those past memories encourage you to go, and taste again!
The Word of God is like a path that is right for us. The light of the Word is so bright, it removes any ability to hide, showing everything. When a bird is trapped inside a building, the bird finds its way out of captivity when all lights are turned off....except a strong guiding light that shows the way out - straight out the main doors! The bird is naturally drawn to this light and is guided to freedom.


text:
Q: Raphael js drag inside javascript object I had a little problem today and thought I could try stack overflow. I'll be short and sweet (I removed lot of code to make this clear).
I recently discovered raphaeljs and I like it.
I make some circle draggable and it works fine like this:
Working script:
<script>
var paper = Raphael(100,100,500,500);
var circ = paper.circle(50,50,10)

var start = function(){ };
var move = function(dx,dy)
{
    this.attr({cx: this.ox + dx, cy: this.oy + dy});
};
var up = function(){};
circ.drag(move,start,up);
<script>

Ok fine, it works and all functions are called properly!
BUT!
I want my move ,start ,up functions to be inside an object and not in the main page
SO
here's my next code
<script src="myobject.js"></script>
<script>
    var paper = Raphael(100,100,500,500);
    var myobj = new myobject("12","12","6");
<script>

Content of myobject.js :
function myobject(vx,vy,vr)
{
    var x,y,r;
    x=vx;y=vy;r=vr
    paper.circle(x,y,r);
    var start = function(){};
    var move = function(dx,dy){};
    var up = function(){};

    this.drag(move,start,up);  // error here this line crash

}

I cannot find how to use the drag function inside my object to make it draggable.
Well, that's it. I hope I've been clear and pardon me if there's anything wrong with the way I made this post but it is my first one!
Thanks to everyone that will try to help me!
Wilson

A: Inside myobject, this variable points to this object, and not to Raphael circle. As myobject does not have drag function, the code yields an error. To make it work, you must refer to Raphael object that has to be dragged, i.e.
function myobject(vx,vy,vr) {
    ...
    this.circle = paper.circle(x,y,r);
    ...
    this.circle.drag(move,start,up);
    ...
}

A: Fine, @Hubert OG was right but I also had to change the way I declared my function from
var start()=function
to
this.start() = function
WARNING: Fill your circle/forms because if you don't you have to click the fine border to move it around.


What Are The Remedies Of Buying Home Furniture Online?
It is not possible to overlook furniture when you are discussing the things that are pertinent to the appearance and comfort of your house. Whenever you require to buy some new modern furniture in your home, the question is where you can get them from in the market. In the present world, you do not have to worry about the best buy of home furniture since online stores sell them at a fair cost. The article offers answers to the question, what are the remedies of buying home furniture online?
One does not need any expertise so that they can figure out that home furniture fall in the category of the most massive things in a house. Transporting the home furniture from the store to your home is something that can be challenging since you may have to use a lot of money on transport. Thanks to the online furniture stores since most of them offer free delivery on all orders their furniture customers place. In other words, shopping home furniture online gives you the space to save a lot of cash that would be required for transport.
It is necessary that you understand that most of the local furniture stores will stock the products that are requested by most of the persons in your region. It implies that you will not have the opportunity to access the different kinds of furniture if you are buying them from the local store. For instance, it is possible that you find that the local shop does not have the white high gloss furniture that you require. Thanks to the online shops since you are spoilt for choice regarding the furniture that you can purchase from them.
It is necessary that you do not turn a blind eye to the online sellers in the event that you are determined to acquire quality furniture from the shops. It has to come to your attention that a high population of the online shops deal with the manufacturers of the product one on one, and thus they sell standard products. It means that you will rest ascertained that you will have furniture that will not damage within a short duration from the online stores.
Finally, the last thing that you can afford to ignore when discussing the right shop to get the home furniture is their cost. It is necessary that you know that most of the local shops will sell their furniture a high cost so that they can pay the various expenses. The online furniture stores are an excellent option when you do not wish to spend a lot of money on the furniture buying process since their products are cheap.


Downloadable resources such as model templates, letters, procedures, policies and toolkits.
Schools which subscribe to the service will be allocated a dedicated named consultant who will work with the school to support effective HR decisions suited to the needs of the establishment.
Education HR can now be accessed via the EES for Schools website.


text:
package com.shmup.hiscores.ui.score.add;

import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;

import com.shmup.hiscores.scores.model.ScoreCardItem;
import com.shmup.hiscores.ui.score.add.options.SelectDifficultyFragment;
import com.shmup.hiscores.ui.score.add.options.SelectModeFragment;
import com.shmup.hiscores.ui.score.add.options.SelectPlatformFragment;
import com.shmup.hiscores.ui.score.add.options.SelectShipFragment;
import com.shmup.hiscores.ui.score.add.options.SelectStageFragment;

public class NextItemFragmentFactory {

    public static Fragment nextFragmentOf(ItemFragment from) {
        if (from instanceof SelectPlatformFragment) {
            return nextOfSelectPlatform(from.getItem());
        }
        if (from instanceof SelectModeFragment) {
            return nextOfSelectMode(from.getItem());
        }
        if (from instanceof SelectDifficultyFragment) {
            return nextOfSelectDifficulty(from.getItem());
        }
        if (from instanceof SelectShipFragment) {
            nextOfSelectShip(from.getItem());
        }
        return nextOfSelectStage(from.getItem());
    }

    private static Fragment nextOfSelectStage(ScoreCardItem item) {
        return ItemFragment.newInstance(item, TypeScoreFragment.class);
    }

    private static Fragment nextOfSelectShip(ScoreCardItem item) {
        if (item.getGame().hasStages()) {
            return ItemFragment.newInstance(item, SelectStageFragment.class);
        }
        return nextOfSelectStage(item);
    }

    private static Fragment nextOfSelectDifficulty(ScoreCardItem item) {
        if (item.getGame().hasShips()) {
            return ItemFragment.newInstance(item, SelectShipFragment.class);
        }
        return nextOfSelectShip(item);
    }

    private static Fragment nextOfSelectMode(ScoreCardItem item) {
        if (item.getGame().hasDifficulties()) {
            return ItemFragment.newInstance(item, SelectDifficultyFragment.class);
        }
        return nextOfSelectDifficulty(item);
    }

    private static Fragment nextOfSelectPlatform(ScoreCardItem item) {
        if (item.getGame().hasModes()) {
            return ItemFragment.newInstance(item, SelectModeFragment.class);
        }
        return nextOfSelectMode(item);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
<Alloy>
	<Window id="win" class="hfill wfill vert" title="Product Form" navBarHidden="false" barColor="#75d0cb">
		<ActionBar platform="android" displayHomeAsUp="true" onHomeIconItemSelected="closeWindow" />
		<TextField id="textField" borderStyle="Ti.UI.INPUT_BORDERSTYLE_ROUNDED" color="#336699" class="wfill" hintText="Product Name" />
		<Button id="button" onClick="doAdd" title="ADD" class="button"/>
	</Window>
</Alloy>


Abel's sponsors are Rev. Lance Berndt and his lovely wife Kimberly. When we lost Ebenezer and buried him 2 years ago this January it was these two that stood beside us at his small grave. I couldn't think of any others to have stand beside us at the life giving font with our fourth son.
A special thank you to Richard Theis for taking these next couple pictures and sharing them with us. They really turned out great!
This entry was posted on Wednesday, February 13th, 2019 at 2:29 pm	and is filed under Abel, Baptism. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
Welcome to the family of God! We celebrate your new life in Christ!
Thanks be to God for the sacrament of Holy Baptism!


text:
You are here: Home1 / E-1 Treaty Trader
E-1 Treaty Traders
The E categories are designated for aliens engaged in international trade or investment between the United States (U.S.) and the aliens' countries of nationality, provided the U.S. has an appropriate treaty relationship with the foreign country.
A treaty country is a foreign state with which a qualifying Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, or Navigation or its equivalent exists with the U.S. A Treaty Country includes a foreign state that is accorded treaty visa privileges under section 101(a)(15)(E) of the INA by specific legislation. A listing of countries with whom the U.S. currently has treaties can be downloaded from the State Department's Foreign Affairs Manual (9 FAM 41.51 Exhibit 1 to obtain the correct list or click on the link below).
TREATY RECIPROCITY LIST BY COUNTRY
Note: There is no petitioning process for the E categories. E-nonimmigrant classification is granted through an application process. If outside of the U.S., the alien may apply for an E-1 visa on his or her own behalf directly to a U.S. consular office abroad. If the alien is inside the U.S., the Petition for Alien Worker and E supplement is used to apply for a change of status, extension of stay, or change of employment. Applications for E-1 or E-2 status may be filed only at the Texas or California Service Centers. However, if an alien currently in E-1 or E-2 status is requesting a change of status to another nonimmigrant classification, the application for change of status must be mailed to one of the four INS Service Centers with jurisdiction over the new requested classification.
For the alien to visit the U.S. temporarily for trading or investing purposes, the requirements outlined at 8CFR 214.2(e) must be met. Potential applicants are also encouraged to consult Department of State regulations at 22CFR 41.51. A brief summary of the requirements for E-1's and E-2's follows.
Dependents (spouses and unmarried children under 21 years of age) of an E-1 or E-2 nonimmigrant will be admitted under same classification as the principal. The dependent spouse and child(ren) are not required to have the same nationality as the principal alien.
Effective January 16, 2002, spouses of E-1 treaty traders or E-2 treaty investors who have been admitted to the United States under sections 101(a)(15)(E) of the Act are authorized employment without restrictions. Further, an unmarried dependent son or daughter of an E nonimmigrant employee of the Taiwan Economic Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) is authorized employment without restriction. In order to obtain work authorization, the E nonimmigrant spouse must submit:
– Application for Employment Authorization, to the Service Center with jurisdiction over the dependent spouse's place of residence;
– evidence of the E nonimmigrant principal's current status;
– the dependent spouse's and the principal's Form I-94 Arrival-Departure Records as evidence of admission or change of status; and
– a copy of the Form I-797 approval notice for the E nonimmigrant principal's petition, if available.
The E-1 classification is authorized for a national of a country with which the United States has a commercial treaty, who is coming to the U.S. solely to engage in trade of a substantial nature principally between the United States and the alien's country of nationality. The trade involved must be international exchange (successfully negotiated contracts binding on all parties) of items of trade between the U.S. and a treaty country. Title to the trade item must pass from one treaty party to the other.
If the alien is inside the U.S., the I-129 is used to apply for a change of status, extension of stay, or change of employment. This classification does not require a petition for employment if the alien is outside of the U.S. If outside of the U.S., the alien applies for an E-1 visa on his or her own behalf directly to a U.S. consular office abroad.
Application Document Requirements
The application must be filed with the appropriate fee payment, and evidence that: – The applicant is a national of a country with which the U.S. has the requisite treaty or agreement;
– The activity constitutes trade as defined at 8 CFR 214.2(e)(9);
– The trade is of a substantial nature (i.e. an amount of trade sufficient to ensure a continuous flow of international trade items between the U.S. and the treaty country);
– The trade conducted by the alien is principally trade between the United States and the treaty country of which the alien is a national. Trade is deemed to be principally between the U.S. and treaty country when over 50% of the volume of international trade conducted by the treaty trader is between the U.S. and treaty country of the treaty trader's nationality;
– If the applicant is not the principal trader, he or she must be employed in an executive or supervisory capacity, or possess special qualifications that make the applicant's services essential to the successful and efficient operation of the enterprise.
Ordinary skilled or unskilled workers do not qualify. The applicant intends to depart the U.S. upon the expiration of E-1 status. (However, an application for initial admission, change of status, or extension of stay in E classification may not be denied solely on the basis of an approved request for permanent labor certification or a filed or approved immigrant visa preference petition.)
The employee has the same nationality as the principal alien employer.
The alien principal employer is an enterprise or organization at least 50% owned by persons having the nationality of the treaty country.


Dog, Cat And Rat Were Abandoned Together, And Now They're Inseparable.
Animals share a special bond after they begin living with each other. After all, they do have to see each other every day. They're bound to grow some strong bonds, sometimes even inseparable. The animals you would never expect to get along can get along. It just takes the right environment, personalities, and patience.
For example, would you ever think that a cat, a dog, and a rat would become best friends? Well they have, and they're practically inseparable. They were all happily living under the same roof when their human decided to surrender them to a shelter. Read on below to find out whether or not these three ended up sticking together!
What do you think would happen if a visually-impaired cat, a senior rat, and a young pup were put together in the same room?
The last thing you could expect: the three becoming inseparable best friends!
The three estranged animals are Jack the feline, Tweaks the rat, and Sasha the canine.
The three were all owned by the same human until their human decided to surrender them to the shelter back in March.
"Their owner could no longer care for them but they let us know they were very bonded," said Jennifer Ollanketo of the Oshkosh Area Humane Society.
Since Jack the kitty doesn't have good vision, Sasha the dog helps him get around and offers him emotional support.


text:
Traffic Takes to the Skies
One of the most significant infrastructure projects in Australia in recent times – the creation of a major new international airport located in Sydney's west – has been high on the Federal Government's agenda for many years. Western Sydney Airport is the body responsible for the project, with a completion date earmarked for 2026.
After undertaking an extensive search for an agency partner for all of the work that is required to establish and launch the company and project brand, Traffic was appointed to create a brand strategy, positioning, naming, brand identity and a range of collateral for the corporate entity.
Based on a vision of 'To generate economic and social prosperity by working together to deliver a thriving airport precinct in Western Sydney', and after enormous consultation with key stakeholders, residents, tourism bodies and government, it was agreed that the name of the company needed to be reflective of the geographic location of the airport – Western Sydney Airport.
Driven by the brand essence of 'take flight', Traffic created a timeless, yet future focussed brand identity for Western Sydney Airport. Always moving forward, this new identity reflects the mechanics of flight – crafted from triangular fins, the logo mark points to the future and embraces momentum. Its form interconnects, reflecting the paths we take on journeys between destinations and the importance Western Sydney Airport plays within the global matrix of travel. This new identity has been deployed on a wide range of brand materials, including a hard hat that featured on the head of our Prime Minister, Scott Morrison at the launch ceremony.
Traffic formed a new visual aesthetic that reflects the mechanics of flight. Crafted from triangular fins, the logo mark points to the future and embraces momentum. Its form interconnects, reflecting the paths we take on journeys between destinations and the importance Western Sydney Airport plays within the global matrix of travel.
Ace Parking


Get in shape this year! Learn how you can participate in the Live Well By Faith program, a wellness initiative for members of historically Black churches.
Own a piece of local history. Find antique doors, windows and other classic home elements at the Columbia Historic Preservation Commission sale.
Listen, learn and see history come alive at the 39th annual Heritage Festival and Craft Show on September 17 and 18 at Nifong Park in Columbia, Missouri.
The Sho Rei Shobu Kan school of Goju-Ryu follows the traditional Okinawan philosophies of strengthening mind, body and spirit. For more information, browse to CoMo.gov and search for karate.
The Forum Pedestrian Bridge gives cyclists and pedestrians a safe route from the MKT Nature and Fitness Trail to the north side of Forum Boulevard in Columbia, Missouri.
If you live in Columbia, you live in one of fifteen watersheds that run within the city limits. Learn how Stephens College and the City of Columbia worked together to improve two of these watersheds.
More than a dozen Career Awareness Related Experience (C.A.R.E.) students spent their summer painting the Locust Street tunnel at Columbia, Missouri's Flat Branch Park with local artist, Madeleine LeMieux.


Ballerup Kyokushin Karate follows up the success from previous years and invites participants with none or limited fighting experience to the annual knockdown karate tournament. The tournament will take place on the 4th February 2017. The purpose of the tournament is to give inexperienced fighters an introduction and to experience with full contact karate. The tournament is open for all styles who want to try full contact karate kumite.
Ballerup Kyokushin Karate follows up the success from previous years and invites participants with none or limited fighting experience to the annual knockdown karate tournament. The tournament will take place on the 4th February 2017. The purpose of the tournament is to give inexperienced fighters an introduction and to experience with full contact karate.
The tournament is open for all styles who want to try full contact karate kumite. Fights will be conducted according to the European Karate Organizations (Kyokushin) kumite rules as described at www.european-kyokushin.org under Download. At the start of the tournament there will be board-breaking (tameshiwari) for all men. The tournament will where possible be implemented as group matches to ensure competitors more than a match.
Use of dental protector, white shin and instep protector and for ladies chest protection (cup type) is mandatory and it will be possible to fight with helmet.
It is assumed that all registered competitors meet the criteria, but tournament organizers reserve the right to reject any competitors who, in their judgment does not comply with the criteria.
Registration is performed on the registration form and send to the email address challengecup@ballerupkyokushin.dk. Registration and payment of registration fee can be made no later than 30th January 2017. Signed exemptions must be brought to the tournament day.
On the tournament day there will be weigh-in and medical check between 12.00 and 13.00 with the match start at 13.00.
Ballerup Kyokushin Karate wishes you all a good preparation and look forward to meeting you for the tournament.
Official facebook site Click poster for info package!


text:
Q: How do I loop through a DataGridView where RowCount / Rows.Count changes I have a VB.Net Form with a DataGridView where I wish to change between a Detailed View and a General View.
The DataGridView shows the Distance and Estimated Time between places - called the Route Leg Data and is termed the General View
I have implemented a CheckBox to select between the general and detailed view. When the CheckBox is Checked, I am trying to loop through all of the Route Leg entries and insert the Route Steps which is the Detailed information about the Leg entries.
I have tried various loop options: For..Next, For Each...Next, While...End While, and only the first row (Route Leg) gets processed, even if I have 5 more Route Leg entries.
Important: Keep in mind that when the Detail View is selected, the DataGridView row count increments for every new Route Step entry that gets inserted.
I tried to use both dgv.RowCount and dgv.Rows.Count but I keep getting the same result.
I have added some code to show what I am trying to achieve. Any help or guidance will be much appreciated.
'Show / Hide Route Step Data
Private Sub chkShowRouteStep_CheckedChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles chkShowRouteStep.CheckedChanged
    Try
        If chkShowRouteStep.Checked Then
            'Show Route Steps
            For i As Integer = 0 To dgvQuote.RowCount - 1
                txtRowCount.Text = i
                If dgvQuote.Rows(i).Cells(0).Value.ToString <> "" Then
                    For j As Integer = 1 To 5
                        i += 1
                        dgvQuote.Rows.Insert(i, "Step")
                        'dgvQuote.Rows.Insert(j + i, "Step")

                    Next
                End If
            Next

        Else
            'Hide Route Steps - WORKS GREAT
            For i As Integer = dgvQuote.RowCount - 1 To 0 Step -1
                If dgvQuote.Rows(i).Cells(0).Value.ToString = "Step" Then
                    dgvQuote.Rows.RemoveAt(i)
                End If
            Next
        End If
    Catch ex As Exception
        MsgBox(ex.Message)
    End Try
End Sub

A: My impatience, as well as a refocus, provided me with the answer.
My focus was always on the DataGridView and the feedback from it with regards to the number of rows contained in the control.
However, the execution of a loop took a snapshot of the number of rows at the start of the loop execution and did NOT update the number of rows every time rows were added to the DataGridView.
I took a different approach where I compared my current loop number (i += 1) with the current number of rows in the DataGridView (dgv.Rows.Count - 1) thereby forcing a recheck on the number of rows. This means that any new rows added to the DataGridView will now be counted in.
I added a trigger (True/False) to be set to true if the last row in the DataGridView was reach and the While...End While loop was exited.
'Show / Hide Route Step Data
Private Sub chkShowRouteStep_CheckedChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles chkShowRouteStep.CheckedChanged
    Try
        Dim lastRow As Boolean = False 'This will get set when we have reached the last row in the DGV
        Dim i As Integer = 0

        If chkShowRouteStep.Checked Then
            'Show Route Steps
            While lastRow <> True

                txtRowCount.Text = i

                If dgvQuote.Rows(i).Cells(0).Value.ToString <> "" Then

                    For j As Integer = 1 To 2
                        'i += 1
                        dgvQuote.Rows.Insert(i + j, "", "Step")

                    Next

                End If
                'Check to see if we have reached the last row, set lastRow to TRUE if it is the last row

                If i = dgvQuote.Rows.Count - 1 Then
                    lastRow = True
                End If

                i += 1

            End While

        Else
            'Hide Route Steps - WORKS GREAT
            For x As Integer = dgvQuote.RowCount - 1 To 0 Step -1
                If dgvQuote.Rows(x).Cells(1).Value.ToString = "Step" Then
                    dgvQuote.Rows.RemoveAt(x)
                End If
            Next
        End If
    Catch ex As Exception
        MsgBox(ex.Message)
    End Try
End Sub

The result is as follows and error free:
Before

After

A: Since the comment in the code says you want to hide route steps, why not do just that? Instead of removing and inserting rows, populate the grid with everything and then use the checkbox to set the rows .Visible property?


text:
package com.microsoft.azure.management.appservice.v2016_08_01;

import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.HasInner;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.appservice.v2016_08_01.implementation.HybridConnectionInner;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Indexable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Refreshable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Updatable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Appliable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Creatable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.resources.models.HasManager;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.appservice.v2016_08_01.implementation.AppServiceManager;

/**
 * Type representing HybridConnection.
 */
public interface HybridConnection extends HasInner<HybridConnectionInner>, Indexable, Refreshable<HybridConnection>, Updatable<HybridConnection.Update>, HasManager<AppServiceManager> {
    /**
     * @return the hostname value.
     */
    String hostname();

    /**
     * @return the id value.
     */
    String id();

    /**
     * @return the kind value.
     */
    String kind();

    /**
     * @return the name value.
     */
    String name();

    /**
     * @return the port value.
     */
    Integer port();

    /**
     * @return the relayArmUri value.
     */
    String relayArmUri();

    /**
     * @return the relayName value.
     */
    String relayName();

    /**
     * @return the sendKeyName value.
     */
    String sendKeyName();

    /**
     * @return the sendKeyValue value.
     */
    String sendKeyValue();

    /**
     * @return the serviceBusNamespace value.
     */
    String serviceBusNamespace();

    /**
     * @return the serviceBusSuffix value.
     */
    String serviceBusSuffix();

    /**
     * @return the type value.
     */
    String type();

    /**
     * The entirety of the HybridConnection definition.
     */
    interface Definition extends DefinitionStages.Blank, DefinitionStages.WithHybridConnectionNamespace, DefinitionStages.WithCreate {
    }

    /**
     * Grouping of HybridConnection definition stages.
     */
    interface DefinitionStages {
        /**
         * The first stage of a HybridConnection definition.
         */
        interface Blank extends WithHybridConnectionNamespace {
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify HybridConnectionNamespace.
         */
        interface WithHybridConnectionNamespace {
           /**
            * Specifies resourceGroupName, name, namespaceName.
            */
            WithCreate withExistingHybridConnectionNamespace(String resourceGroupName, String name, String namespaceName);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify Hostname.
         */
        interface WithHostname {
            /**
             * Specifies hostname.
             */
            WithCreate withHostname(String hostname);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify Kind.
         */
        interface WithKind {
            /**
             * Specifies kind.
             */
            WithCreate withKind(String kind);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify Port.
         */
        interface WithPort {
            /**
             * Specifies port.
             */
            WithCreate withPort(Integer port);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify RelayArmUri.
         */
        interface WithRelayArmUri {
            /**
             * Specifies relayArmUri.
             */
            WithCreate withRelayArmUri(String relayArmUri);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify RelayName.
         */
        interface WithRelayName {
            /**
             * Specifies relayName.
             */
            WithCreate withRelayName(String relayName);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify SendKeyName.
         */
        interface WithSendKeyName {
            /**
             * Specifies sendKeyName.
             */
            WithCreate withSendKeyName(String sendKeyName);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify SendKeyValue.
         */
        interface WithSendKeyValue {
            /**
             * Specifies sendKeyValue.
             */
            WithCreate withSendKeyValue(String sendKeyValue);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify ServiceBusNamespace.
         */
        interface WithServiceBusNamespace {
            /**
             * Specifies serviceBusNamespace.
             */
            WithCreate withServiceBusNamespace(String serviceBusNamespace);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection definition allowing to specify ServiceBusSuffix.
         */
        interface WithServiceBusSuffix {
            /**
             * Specifies serviceBusSuffix.
             */
            WithCreate withServiceBusSuffix(String serviceBusSuffix);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the definition which contains all the minimum required inputs for
         * the resource to be created (via {@link WithCreate#create()}), but also allows
         * for any other optional settings to be specified.
         */
        interface WithCreate extends Creatable<HybridConnection>, DefinitionStages.WithHostname, DefinitionStages.WithKind, DefinitionStages.WithPort, DefinitionStages.WithRelayArmUri, DefinitionStages.WithRelayName, DefinitionStages.WithSendKeyName, DefinitionStages.WithSendKeyValue, DefinitionStages.WithServiceBusNamespace, DefinitionStages.WithServiceBusSuffix {
        }
    }
    /**
     * The template for a HybridConnection update operation, containing all the settings that can be modified.
     */
    interface Update extends Appliable<HybridConnection>, UpdateStages.WithHostname, UpdateStages.WithKind, UpdateStages.WithPort, UpdateStages.WithRelayArmUri, UpdateStages.WithRelayName, UpdateStages.WithSendKeyName, UpdateStages.WithSendKeyValue, UpdateStages.WithServiceBusNamespace, UpdateStages.WithServiceBusSuffix {
    }

    /**
     * Grouping of HybridConnection update stages.
     */
    interface UpdateStages {
        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify Hostname.
         */
        interface WithHostname {
            /**
             * Specifies hostname.
             */
            Update withHostname(String hostname);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify Kind.
         */
        interface WithKind {
            /**
             * Specifies kind.
             */
            Update withKind(String kind);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify Port.
         */
        interface WithPort {
            /**
             * Specifies port.
             */
            Update withPort(Integer port);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify RelayArmUri.
         */
        interface WithRelayArmUri {
            /**
             * Specifies relayArmUri.
             */
            Update withRelayArmUri(String relayArmUri);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify RelayName.
         */
        interface WithRelayName {
            /**
             * Specifies relayName.
             */
            Update withRelayName(String relayName);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify SendKeyName.
         */
        interface WithSendKeyName {
            /**
             * Specifies sendKeyName.
             */
            Update withSendKeyName(String sendKeyName);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify SendKeyValue.
         */
        interface WithSendKeyValue {
            /**
             * Specifies sendKeyValue.
             */
            Update withSendKeyValue(String sendKeyValue);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify ServiceBusNamespace.
         */
        interface WithServiceBusNamespace {
            /**
             * Specifies serviceBusNamespace.
             */
            Update withServiceBusNamespace(String serviceBusNamespace);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the hybridconnection update allowing to specify ServiceBusSuffix.
         */
        interface WithServiceBusSuffix {
            /**
             * Specifies serviceBusSuffix.
             */
            Update withServiceBusSuffix(String serviceBusSuffix);
        }

    }
}


text:
Advancing the link between ocean connectivity, ecological function and management challenges
Hidalgo M, Kaplan DM, Kerr LA, Watson JR, Paris CB, Browman HI. Advancing the link between ocean connectivity, ecological function and management challenges. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/6/1702/4004697/Advancing-the-link-between-ocean-connectivity
"Ocean connectivity" is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field of research in marine science, partly because there is an increasing demand for information on connectivity that informs effective assessment and management of marine resources. Achieving this will require a better alignment between ocean connectivity tools and developments and the needs and challenges of assessments and conservation. For these reasons, the ICES Journal of Marine Science solicited contributions to the article theme set (TS), "Beyond ocean connectivity." We briefly summarize the nine articles that appear herein, grouping them into four general topics: methodological advances, population dynamics and assessment implications of connectivity, spatial and management implications, and connectivity in ecosystem processes. We also discuss the challenges facing ocean connectivity research if it is to effectively support advancing fisheries assessment frameworks and integrated ecosystem approaches. We hope that the contributions included in this TS serve to convince managers and fisheries scientists of the need to incorporate results from research on connectivity.
Lessons learned from practical approaches to reconcile mismatches between biological population structure and stock units of marine fish
Kerr LA, Hintzen NT, Cadrin SX, Clausen LWorsøe, Dickey-Collas M, Goethel DR, Hatfield EMC, Kritzer JP, Nash RDM. Lessons learned from practical approaches to reconcile mismatches between biological population structure and stock units of marine fish. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2016 :fsw188. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/6/1708/2629217/Lessons-learned-from-practical-approaches-to
Recent advances in the application of stock identification methods have revealed inconsistencies between the spatial structure of biological populations and the definition of stock units used in assessment and management. From a fisheries management perspective, stocks are typically assumed to be discrete units with homogeneous vital rates that can be exploited independently of each other. However, the unit stock assumption is often violated leading to spatial mismatches that can bias stock assessment and impede sustainable fisheries management. The primary ecological concern is the potential for overexploitation of unique spawning components, which can lead to loss of productivity and reduced biodiversity along with destabilization of local and regional stock dynamics. Furthermore, ignoring complex population structure and stock connectivity can lead to misperception of the magnitude of fish productivity, which can translate to suboptimal utilization of the resource. We describe approaches that are currently being applied to improve the assessment and management process for marine fish in situations where complex spatial structure has led to an observed mismatch between the scale of biological populations and spatially-defined stock units. The approaches include: (i) status quo management, (ii) "weakest link" management, (iii) spatial and temporal closures, (iv) stock composition analysis, and (v) alteration of stock boundaries. We highlight case studies in the North Atlantic that illustrate each approach and synthesize the lessons learned from these real-world applications. Alignment of biological and management units requires continual monitoring through the application of stock identification methods in conjunction with responsive management to preserve biocomplexity and the natural stability and resilience of fish species.
Uncertainty in empirical estimates of marine larval connectivity
Kaplan DM, Cuif M, Fauvelot C, Vigliola L, Nguyen-Huu T, Tiavouane J, Lett C. Uncertainty in empirical estimates of marine larval connectivity. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2016 :fsw182. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/6/1723/2741993/Uncertainty-in-empirical-estimates-of-marine
Despite major advances in our capacity to measure marine larval connectivity (i.e. the pattern of transport of marine larvae from spawning to settlement sites) and the importance of these measurements for ecological and management questions, uncertainty in experimental estimates of marine larval connectivity has been given little attention. We review potential uncertainty sources in empirical larval connectivity studies and develop Bayesian statistical methods for estimating these uncertainties based on standard techniques in the mark-recapture and genetics literature. These methods are implemented in an existing R package for working with connectivity data, ConnMatTools, and applied to a number of published connectivity estimates. We find that the small sample size of collected settlers at destination sites is a dominant source of uncertainty in connectivity estimates in many published results. For example, widths of 95% CIs for relative connectivity, the value of which is necessarily between 0 and 1, exceeded 0.5 for many published connectivity results, complicating using individual results to conclude that marine populations are relatively closed or open. This "small sample size" uncertainty is significant even for studies with near-exhaustive sampling of spawners and settlers. Though largely ignored in the literature, the magnitude of this uncertainty is straightforward to assess. Better accountability of this and other uncertainties is needed in the future so that marine larval connectivity studies can fulfill their promises of providing important ecological insights and informing management questions (e.g. related to marine protected area network design, and stock structure of exploited organisms). In addition to using the statistical methods developed here, future studies should consistently evaluate and report a small number of critical factors, such as the exhaustivity of spawner and settler sampling, and the mating structure of target species in genetic studies.
Towards automating underwater measurement of fish length: a comparison of semi-automatic and manual stereo–video measurements
Shafait F, Harvey ES, Shortis MR, Mian A, Ravanbakhsh M, Seager JW, Culverhous PF, Cline DE, Edgington DR. Towards automating underwater measurement of fish length: a comparison of semi-automatic and manual stereo–video measurements. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/6/1690/3056949/Towards-automating-underwater-measurement-of-fish
Underwater stereo–video systems are widely used for counting and measuring fish in aquaculture, fisheries, and conservation management. Length measurements are generated from stereo–video recordings by a software operator using a mouse to locate the head and tail of a fish in synchronized pairs of images. This data can be used to compare spatial and temporal changes in the mean length and biomass or frequency distributions of populations of fishes. Since the early 1990s stereo–video has also been used for measuring the lengths of fish in aquaculture for quota and farm management. However, the costs of the equipment, software, the time, and salary costs involved in post processing imagery manually and the subsequent delays in the availability of length information inhibit the adoption of this technology.
We present a semi-automatic method for capturing stereo–video measurements to estimate the lengths of fish. We compare the time taken to make measurements of the same fish measured manually from stereo–video imagery to that measured semi-automatically. Using imagery recorded during transfers of Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) from tow cages to grow out cages, we demonstrate that the semi-automatic algorithm developed can obtain fork length measurements with an error of less than 1% of the true length and with at least a sixfold reduction in operator time in comparison to manual measurements. Of the 22 138 SBT recorded we were able to measure 52.6% (11 647) manually and 11.8% (2614) semi-automatically. For seven of the eight cage transfers recorded, there were no statistical differences in the mean length, weight, or length frequency between manual and semi-automatic measurements. When the data were pooled across the eight cage transfers, there was no statistical difference in mean length or weight between the stereo–video-based manual and semi-automated measurements. Hence, the presented semi-automatic system can be deployed to significantly reduce the cost involved in adoption of stereo–video technology.
Drivers of fuel use in rock lobster fisheries
Parker RWR, Gardner C, Green BS, Hartmann K, Watson RA. Drivers of fuel use in rock lobster fisheries. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/6/1681/3066286/Drivers-of-fuel-use-in-rock-lobster-fisheries
Fuel consumption is a leading cost to fishers and the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions from the global fishing industry. Fuel performance varies substantially between and within fisheries, but the drivers behind this variation are unclear and inconsistent across studies. We surveyed rock lobster fishers in Australia and New Zealand to measure rates of fuel use and assess the influence of technological (e.g. vessel size, engine power), behavioural (e.g. distance travelled, speed), and managerial (e.g. catch per unit effort, fishery capacity) factors. Weighted fuel use intensity across the region was 1,890 l/t. Managerial factors were the most influential drivers of fuel use in single day trips while technological factors heavily influenced multi-day trips. Catch per unit effort was the only significant driver present across both types of fishing trips. The vast majority of surveyed fishers identified fuel use as an important aspect of fishing operations, and nearly half had already implemented changes to try to reduce consumption. Our results suggest that efforts to reduce fuel consumption, costs, and emissions in fisheries need to be tailored to the nature of individual fisheries, as the relative roles of technology, behaviour, and management vary.
Using Fishermen's Ecological Knowledge to map Atlantic cod spawning grounds on Georges Bank
DeCelles GR, Martins D, Zemeckis DR, Cadrin SX. Using Fishermen's Ecological Knowledge to map Atlantic cod spawning grounds on Georges Bank. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/6/1587/3748235/Using-Fishermen-s-Ecological-Knowledge-to-map
The spawning dynamics of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) on Georges Bank and Nantucket Shoals are not well understood. To address this uncertainty, we combined Fishermen's Ecological Knowledge (FEK) with traditional scientific data to develop a more holistic understanding of cod spawning on Georges Bank. Data from historical reports, trawl surveys, fisheries observers, and ichthyoplankton surveys were used to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of cod spawning activity. We also collected FEK regarding cod spawning dynamics through semi-structured interviews (n = 40). The fishermen had detailed knowledge of the spatial and temporal distribution of cod spawning, and identified persistent fine-scale (i.e. <50 km2) spawning grounds that were often associated with specific habitat features, including spawning grounds that were previously unreported in the scientific literature. The spawning seasons and locations identified by fishermen generally agreed with information from traditional scientific data, but it was evident that seasonal scientific surveys lack the spatial and temporal resolution needed to fully characterize the distribution of cod spawning activity. Our results will help inform management measures designed to promote the rebuilding of Georges Bank cod, and also provide a basis for further investigations of cod spawning dynamics and stock structure.
Shifts in spawning phenology of cod linked to rising sea temperatures
McQueen K, C. Marshall T. Shifts in spawning phenology of cod linked to rising sea temperatures. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/6/1561/3065349/Shifts-in-spawning-phenology-of-cod-linked-to
Warming temperatures caused by climate change have the potential to impact spawning phenology of temperate marine fish as some species have temperature-dependent gonadal development. Inter-annual variation in the timing of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) spawning in the northern North Sea, central North Sea and Irish Sea was estimated by calculating an annual peak roe month (PRM) from records of roe landings spanning the last three decades. A trend towards earlier PRM was found in all three regions, with estimates of shifts in PRM ranging from 0.9 to 2.4 weeks per decade. Temperatures experienced by cod during early vitellogenesis correlated negatively with PRM, suggesting that rising sea temperatures have contributed to a shift in spawning phenology. A concurrent reduction in the mean size of spawning females excluded the possibility that earlier spawning was due to a shift in size structure towards larger individuals, as large cod spawn earlier than smaller-sized individuals in the North Sea. Further research into the effects of climate change on the phenology of different trophic levels within the North Sea ecosystem should be undertaken to determine whether climate change-induced shifts in spawning phenology will result in a temporal mismatch between cod larvae and their planktonic prey.
Making space for shellfish farming along the Adriatic coast
Brigolin D, Porporato EMaria Dile, Prioli G, Pastres R. Making space for shellfish farming along the Adriatic coast. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/6/1540/3071823/Making-space-for-shellfish-farming-along-the
This work focuses on the selection of new areas for shellfish farming along the coast of the Northern Adriatic Sea (Italy). Shellfish site suitability was assessed by means of a methodology based on Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE), which provided the framework to combine mathematical models and operational oceanography products. Intermediate level criteria considered in the analysis included optimal growth conditions, environmental interactions, and socio-economic evaluation (e.g. organic carbon deposition; distance to harbour). Results showed that the whole coastal area comprised within 0 and 3 nm is highly suitable for farming of mussel, while the area comprised between 3 and 12 nm is divided between a highly suitable northern part, and a less suitable southern one. Seven different scenarios of development of shellfish aquaculture industry were explored. The introduction of a new species, and the assessment of the exposure to storm events are specific aspects taken into account in development scenarios. Results show that the degree of suitability for shellfish aquaculture in this area would not change dramatically with the introduction of oyster farming. Furthermore, results highlight that: (i) the growth potential in this area is high; (ii) the space with suitability index >0.5 increases when prioritizing the optimal growth condition criteria, and (iii) the socio-economic is the most restrictive Intermediate Level Criteria. Results were discussed by deriving general lessons concerning the use of SMCE in aquaculture space allocation, from the specific application in the Northern Adriatic Sea. Challenges and opportunities related to the proposed methodological framework, with particular reference to the use of resources provided by remote sensing and operational oceanography by means of mathematical models, were also discussed. Results can support a science-based identification of allocated zones for aquaculture in order to avoid conflicts, and promote sustainable aquaculture in the Mediterranean Sea, where the space for these activities is becoming increasingly limited.
When ecosystems and their services are not co-located: oceans and coasts
Drakou EG, Pendleton L, Effron M, Ingram JCarter, Teneva L. When ecosystems and their services are not co-located: oceans and coasts. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/6/1531/3072608/When-ecosystems-and-their-services-are-not
Local, regional, and global policies to manage protect and restore our oceans and coasts call for the inclusion of ecosystem services (ES) in policy-relevant research. Marine and coastal ES and the associated benefits to humans are usually assessed, quantified, and mapped at the ecosystem level to inform policy and decision-making. Yet those benefits may reach humans beyond the provisioning ecosystem, at the regional or even global level. Current efforts to map ES generated by a single ecosystem rarely consider the distribution of benefits beyond the ecosystem itself, especially at the regional or global level. In this article, we elaborate on the concept of "extra-local" ES to refer to those ES generating benefits that are enjoyed far from the providing ecosystem, focusing on the marine environment. We emphasize the spatial dimension of the different components of the ES provision framework and apply the proposed conceptual framework to food provision and climate regulation ES provided by marine and coastal ecosystems. We present the different extents of the mapping outputs generated by the ecosystem-based vs. the extra-local mapping approach and discuss practical and conceptual challenges of the approach. Lack of relevant ES mapping methodologies and lack of data appeared to be the most crucial bottlenecks in applying the extra-local approach for marine and coastal ES. We urge for more applications of the proposed framework that can improve marine and coastal ES assessments help fill in data gaps and generate more robust data. Such assessments could better inform marine and coastal policies, especially those linked to equal attribution of benefits, compensation schemes and poverty alleviation.
The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway
Forseth T, Barlaup BT, Finstad B, Fiske P, Gjøsæter H, Falkegård M, Hindar A, Mo TAtle, Rikardsen AH, Thorstad EB, et al. The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway. ICES Journal of Marine Science [Internet]. 2017 . Available from: https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/6/1496/3061737/The-major-threats-to-Atlantic-salmon-in-Norway
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an economically and culturally important species. Norway has more than 400 watercourses with Atlantic salmon and supports a large proportion of the world's wild Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon are structured into numerous genetically differentiated populations, and are therefore managed at the population level. Long-distance migrations between freshwater and ocean habitats expose Atlantic salmon to multiple threats, and a number of anthropogenic factors have contributed to the decline of Atlantic salmon during the last decades. Knowledge on the relative importance of the different anthropogenic factors is vital for prioritizing management measures. We developed a semi-quantitative 2D classification system to rank the different anthropogenic factors and used this to assess the major threats to Norwegian Atlantic salmon. Escaped farmed salmon and salmon lice from fish farms were identified as expanding population threats, with escaped farmed salmon being the largest current threat. These two factors affect populations to the extent that they may be critically endangered or lost, with a large likelihood of causing further reductions and losses in the future. The introduced parasite Gyrodactylus salaris, freshwater acidification, hydropower regulation and other habitat alterations were identified as stabilized population threats, which have contributed to populations becoming critically endangered or lost, but with a low likelihood of causing further loss. Other impacts were identified as less influential, either as stabilized or expanding factors that cause loss in terms of number of returning adults, but not to the extent that populations become threatened. Management based on population specific reference points (conservation limits) has reduced exploitation in Norway, and overexploitation was therefore no longer regarded an important impact factor. The classification system may be used as a template for ranking of anthropogenic impact factors in other countries and as a support for national and international conservation efforts.


Caspar David Friedrich was a 19th century German romantic painter, considered by many critics to be one of the finest representatives of the movement. He studied at the Academy in Copenhagen (1794-98), and subsequently settled in Dresden, often traveling to other parts of Germany. Friedrich's landscapes are based entirely on those of northern Germany and are beautiful renderings of trees, hills, harbors, morning mists, and other light effects based on a close observation of nature.
Some of Friedrich's best-known paintings are expressions of a religious mysticism. In 1808 he exhibited one of his most controversial paintings, The Cross in the Mountains (Gemaldegalerie, Dresden), in which - for the first time in Christian art - an altarpiece was conceived in terms of a pure landscape. The cross, viewed obliquely from behind, is an insignificant element in the composition. More important are the dominant rays of the evening sun, which the artist said depicted the setting of the old, pre-Christian world. The mountain symbolizes an immovable faith, while the fir trees are an allegory of hope. Friedrich painted several other important compositions in which crosses dominate a landscape. Even some of Friedrich's apparently nonsymbolic paintings contain inner meanings, clues to which are provided either by the artist's writings or those of his literary friends. For example, a landscape showing a ruined abbey in the snow, Abbey under Oak Trees (1810; Schloss Charlottenburg, Berlin), can be appreciated on one level as a bleak, winter scene, but the painter also intended the composition to represent both the church shaken by the Reformation and the transitoriness of earthly things.