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< No. 3299 2013-09-29 >
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King Edward II of England. Public domain image from the British Library.
Normally I write these annotations on my train trips to and from work each day. However, this past week I have been laid up with a severe cold and a secondary bacterial infection. Which means two things: (1) I didn't have my regular enforced writing time, so today's effort is going to be short and sweet, and (2) once again I am reminded just how glad I am that we live in an age where antibiotics are available.
It wasn't always the case. Prior to the early 20th century - in fact, less than a hundred years ago - there were no known antibiotics. If you got an infection like then one I am currently recovering from, it could quite possibly lead to pneumonia and death. If you got a worse infection, your chances were even slimmer.
Which brings me around to history in general. This is on my mind since I am currently reading Peter Ackroyd's excellent History of England, Volume 1: Foundation. I was impressed by Ackroyd's expositionary style of historical writing when I read his Venice: Pure City as a prelude to my trip to that city in 2012. Having read about the history of Venice just before visiting, it broadened and deepened my experience there enormously. Anyway, so when I got home and saw a book on the history of England (which I have developed some interest in) by the same author, I snapped it up. It's taken me a while to work through my backlog of unread books to get there, but I'm now up to the reign of King Edward III.
I have previously had a vague awareness of some of the more important events of English history - William the Conqueror, Magna Carta, the Reformation, the Civil War and Restoration, etc. - but not a knowledge of how it all linked together into a continuous tapestry. Reading the details in Ackroyd's prose is gripping stuff. My eyes widened as I read about the end of Edward II's reign and how it came to pass that he was succeeded by his son Edward III...
Spoiler alert![1]
One might imagine that nothing is more natural and simple than a king passing away of old age and his eldest son, the heir apparent, attending dutifully by the deathbed and then inheriting the throne. Yet it was not like this at all in the case of Edward II and his son Prince Edward. (Some of you no doubt know the story better than I do from my reading of one history book in the last week, so excuse my lack of rigorous detail here.)
King Edward III of England. Public domain image from the British Library, via Wikimedia Commons.
The gist of the story is that Edward II was having trouble managing discontent within his kingdom brought about by the dislike many of the local barons of the land had towards some high-ranking friends of the king. He was also in a long rolling dispute (inherited from his predecessors) with the French over who actually owned bits of land in the west of what is today France, including the province of Aquitaine. In 1325, not wanting to leave home to deal with France, he decided to appoint young Prince Edward (13 years old at the time) as Earl of Aquitaine and send him to the French court to pay homage to King Charles IV. To assist the young prince in this matter and negotiate a favourable outcome for England, Edward II also sent his wife, Queen Isabella. After all, he figured, Isabella was the sister of Charles, and so should probably have some sway over him.
The problem was that Isabella actually hated her husband and much preferred her own family. She negotiated a deal over Aquitaine that was incredibly favourable to France, began an affair with an exiled English traitor named Roger Mortimer, and started planning with her brother and Mortimer to invade England. Charles supplied troops and ships, and in 1326, Mortimer and Isabella invaded England and swept across the country. They captured London as King Edward fled, executed a bunch of Edward's friends in incredibly gruesome fashion, and eventually captured the king in Wales. Isabella had her husband imprisoned while she and Mortimer summoned a Parliament to decide what to do. Legally, Edward was still the king, and could not be executed without first being convicted of treason. Parliament, although they had turned against Edward's rule, decided this was too much. Instead they ruled him incompetent and gave him an ultimatum: either abdicate in favour of his son, Prince Edward, or fight the charge and have his crown stripped and awarded to someone with skill in governing (i.e. Roger Mortimer - the guy having an affair with his wife, the queen). Edward sensibly decided to cut his losses and abdicate.
Young Prince Edward, now 14 years old, assumed the throne as Edward III. But this is not the end of the story. As a minor, Edward needed a regent to act in his behalf and rule the country until he was old enough to take charge himself. Who else but Queen Isabella and, behind her skirts, Roger Mortimer? Together they effectively ruled England for four years as young Edward grew up. Early in this period, Edward II, held imprisoned in Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire, "mysteriously" died - it was reported to Parliament as "a fatal accident". Even for the year 1327 this was suspicious. Most historians agree he was probably murdered on the orders of Isabella and/or Mortimer. There are incredibly lurid stories of exactly how this murder was achieved, which I shall not recount here for the sake of anyone eating food as they read this, or with delicate sensibilities - if you are morbidly curious and have a strong stomach, feel free to look it up.
Even this is not the end of the tale. Just before his 18th birthday in 1330, young Edward raised his own small force of loyal soldiers. With them he ambushed Roger Mortimer and Isabella, had Mortimer summarily executed, and put his mother under house arrest for the rest of her life. Now, finally, he could rule as King Edward III in his own right.
And you thought your family had problems?
Title image: Edward II bestowing the Earlship of Aquitaine on his son, Prince Edward. (There is some artistic licence here, since the prince was only 13 years old at the time and presumably did not have such a full beard.) Public domain image from the British Library, via Wikimedia Commons.
[1] In case, you know, you want to, like, read the history book yourself or something. Is it valid in any sense to call giving away the details of an event that actually happened, and that happened almost 700 years ago, a "spoiler"?
Last Modified: Sunday, 29 September 2013; 03:34:18 PST.

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Australasia holidays
Australia: the Sweeney Todd of foreign aid
Samah Hadid
Both major parties go into this election with the weakest global poverty commitments in years. What was once a source of Australian pride now is a crying shame
Sun 4 Aug 2013 20.32 EDT First published on Sun 4 Aug 2013 20.22 EDT
Withdrawn aid money from Australia could have helped eradicate polio and tackled infectious diseases. Photograph: Muhammed Muheisen/AP
Last Friday, Kevin Rudd sounded the death knell for Australia's international moral leadership and credentials as a global citizen.
The Australian government announced cuts of almost $1bn over four years to the Australian aid program in order to fund its PNG asylum seeker deal. This comes on top of the announcement a fortnight earlier that Australia would no longer accept refugees arriving by boat.
Together, the aid cuts and the refugee crackdown send a message that Australia no longer cares about the world beyond its borders.
That we have got to such a desperate place is bewildering, given where we were just six years ago. Back in 2007, then opposition leader Rudd announced a new deal on ending global poverty: foreign aid would be increased to 0.5% of Australia's income by 2015-16. Rudd, once praised as a champion of aid, declared:
This is also an important step in the right direction towards Australia doing its fair share of the work (particularly here in our own immediate region) to truly make poverty history.
The government's raid on the aid budget especially discredits Rudd's own moral leadership. In an act of stark irony, Rudd, the pioneer of ending poverty, has now made it virtually impossible to meet the unprecedented aid targets he once courageously set.
The Labor government's fetish with cutting the aid budget predates the current announcement. In 2012, Julia Gillard began what started as a haircut to the aid program but became something more befitting Sweeney Todd.
First, the May 2012 budget delayed the target date by one year – to 2016-17. Six months later, $375m was lopped off money earmarked for poverty reduction was to be redirected to lock up asylum seekers in Australia. The final cut looked to have come in the May 2013 budget. The 0.5% deadline was pushed back to 2017-18, and the detention package made a permanent feature of Australian aid spending.
But the barber's work was incomplete.
Less than three months after the budget announcement in May, new treasurer Chris Bowen went for the jugular – aid was to be cut yet again, to help pay for the most inhumane refugee policy a Labor government has ever produced. Don't doubt that the cuts are real. Friday's $1bn knifing brings the total of aid cuts to $5.8bn since 2010.
What does this all mean for the world's poor?
That's money that could have helped eradicate polio and tackled infectious diseases. It could have built schools and trained teachers. It could have provided clean water and better sanitation for those without it. And it could have put a hefty dent in the 1.2 billion people who continue to live on less than $2 a day.
And in plugging a hole in the government's asylum seeker and refugee policy framework, aid could have been used to assist with conflict resolution, and support peace efforts in refugee source countries so that people don't need to get on boats to seek asylum in the first place. Our foreign aid should be addressing the root causes that push people to seek asylum, not detaining vulnerable people.
The aid budget has been marked by constant changes and cuts; this sort of pattern does little to fulfil the government's mantra of aid effectiveness. Simply put, how can aid be effective if it is constantly misused and misdirected?
Yet if the government's moral leadership on aid has gone AWOL, it doesn't look like the opposition have found it. Abbott used to agree with Rudd on the 0.5% by 2015-16 promise. But Team Abbott's response to Labor's butchery is to ditch the deadline and renege on the bi-partisan promise once committed to in 2007.
Instead of providing an alternative position, the opposition has chosen to accept the government's cuts and refused to put a concrete time frame on meeting our aid target of 0.5%.
Paling in comparison to the 2007 election, both major parties go into this election with the weakest global poverty commitments in years. What was once a source of Australian pride has now become a crying shame.
But we know there's still hope. Thousands disagree with these cuts with over 60,000 Australians calling for more and better aid through this year's Make Poverty History campaign. This strong public support for ending global poverty proves that it is indeed the public that embodies Australia's moral leadership, not its leaders.
If our political leaders have lost their way, it's up to us to lead the way and show it to them.


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Jerry Apps' latest book is about the joys of journalingJerry Apps' latest book is about the joys of journaling
The author believes everyone should be writing about the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fran O'Leary
CATHARTIC EXPERIENCE: Jerry Apps says keeping a journal about your experiences and thoughts during the COVID-19 crisis is something everyone should be doing. Steve Apps
Since it arrived in Wisconsin last February, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed much in our daily lives. Schools and churches closed, as did a majority of restaurants and other businesses, and events including the Wisconsin State Fair, most county fairs and community fairs, Wisconsin Farm Technology Days, and World Dairy Expo have been canceled this year.
Most people are social distancing, wearing masks in public, and seeing family and friends a lot less than before COVID-19 hit.
According to Jerry Apps, author of dozens of books about Wisconsin's rural history and professor emeritus at University of Wisconsin-Madison, there is one additional thing people should be doing now — keeping a journal.
Write it down
"One reason to keep a journal is you are capturing a moment in history," Apps says. Twenty or 30 years from now, Apps says, people will look back and marvel at how they survived these challenging times.
"It will be interesting to our relatives what we went through during the pandemic," he says. "I am keeping a journal now. I am writing down what my impression is of the virus, how the virus is affecting my life and the lives of my family.
"What's happening right now is especially amazing. Writing our experiences down provides a historical record. When times are tough and you face some kind of tragedy head on, you feel better. I firmly believe that. Also, whenever I run into a problem, I start writing about it, and the problem becomes more clear — what is troubling me. It helps me frame a problem and ask a question that helps me solve the problem."
Apps says keeping a journal will allow you to express things that you didn't know you knew.
"Every so often, when I am having a bad day, I write down things that are going right," he says. "When I'm particularly upset about something, I write a blistering letter in my journal. I never send that letter, but it is a great way to get something off my chest. It's a good therapy session."
Apps says it is important to keep the pandemic in perspective. "Remember, tomorrow will be a better day. Next year will be a better year," he says. "If we don't think that, then we are really in trouble. Hope is a powerful thing. Once we lose hope, we've lost everything."
Keeping a journal
Apps recommends writing your journal in longhand. "A journal entry can be a paragraph, a whole page or longer," he notes. "It's up to the person. They can choose to do it daily or weekly.
"I have 46 volumes of journals. I write down the date, the temperature, and if it is cloudy, sunny or raining. The first thing I do is write about the weather. When one of my friends passes away, I will put their obituary in my journal. If my wife and I go to a play, I will put the ticket stub in my journal. If we buy a new lawn mower, I will record how much I paid for it. By keeping a record of what I spent on things, it will help people who read this later learn what my life was about and how much everything cost."
Apps has grown a vegetable garden since he was a kid. "Each year, I write down when I plant each vegetable," he says. "I've written four books based on my journals."
In fact, Apps' next book "The Old Timer Says," will be available this fall. The book is about the joys of keeping a journal. It provides writers and nonwriters alike space and inspiration to capture their own stories.
He begins by describing the benefits and joys of journaling. On the journal's lined pages, he includes a collection of "old-timer" sayings inspired by the one-liners, bits of wisdom and advice he heard from farmers he knew growing up. They serve as gentle writing prompts while reminding folks that their personal histories are worth recording.
"The Old Timer Says" will be available in hardcover in early October, is 192 pages and is being published by Wisconsin Historical Society Press. It will sell for $15 and is available at amazon.com.
Wisconsin Agriculturist Editor
Even though Fran was born and raised on a farm in Illinois, she has spent most of her life in Wisconsin. She moved to the state when she was 18 years old and later graduated from the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater with a bachelor's degree in journalism.
Fran has 25 years of experience writing, editing and taking pictures. Before becoming editor of the Wisconsin Agriculturist in 2003, she worked at Johnson Hill Press in Fort Atkinson as a writer and editor of farm business publications and at the Janesville Gazette in Janesville as farm editor and feature writer. Later, she signed on as a public relations associate at Bader Rutter in Brookfield, and served as managing editor and farm editor at The Reporter, a daily newspaper in Fond du Lac.
See more from Fran O'Leary


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'Disruptive' Leonard Williams gives new Jets coach hope for monster season
By Manish Mehta
INDIANAPOLIS – Leonard Williams could be in store for a monster season in Gregg Williams' attacking scheme.
"He's very disruptive," Adam Gase said at the Scouting Combine this week. "For me, I never look at the sack numbers. I'm always going to look at pass disruption. How many hits on the quarterback does he have? How many pressures does he have? Then you throw in the sacks. Now your number is going to look the way you want it."
"A lot of times when you have a defensive lineman that's causing all kinds of pass disruption," Gase continued, "You're going to get interceptions, you're going to get fumbles, you're going to get quarterbacks making the wrong decision a lot of the times. I think he does a good job of disrupting the quarterback."
[More Jets] Mehta's Top 20 Jets Countdown: No. 2 LB C.J. Mosley »
The Daily News reported earlier this month that the Jets have no plans to trade the former first-round pick. Gang Green is open to a contract extension with the 24-year-old Williams, who is scheduled to make $14.2 million on his fifth-year option this season.
The Jets expect big things from Leonard Williams. (Bill Kostroun / AP)
One team source went so far as to say that "it would be stupid" to move the talented young player. The Jets plan on moving the versatile Williams all along the defensive line.
"He fits in very well for us," Gase said. "What Gregg has planned for him and the multiple things that he likes to do with players … he's going to fit in with our defense just fine. We're not going to label him as one thing. I could see him playing multiple spots."
Gase has seen Williams' handiwork up close and personal through the years. Although Williams only has 17 sacks in his first four seasons, he's consistently been a nuisance to the opposition. He has 85 career quarterback hits in 64 games.
"He was always very challenging for us to go against," Gase said. "We'd always account for him. We had to double him. He was hard to stop. We basically could not run the football because of him. He was always very disruptive in our games."
Leonard Williams should provide Gregg Williams will some flexibility in his varied fronts. The Jets will go with a 3-4 base, but will be in nickel on the majority of snaps. Either way, Leonard Williams will be a pivotal piece to the puzzle.
Latest Jets
Mehta's Top 20 Jets Countdown: No. 2 LB C.J. Mosley


Ambleside Online has (or, rather, had, when this was posted in 2007) no official plan for Year 12 yet. This is what my son will be doing for his senior year. Year 12 students will typically be holding down a job, finalizing college plans, and preparing for their life after high school, and may thus have less time for academics than in previous years. View more of our daily schedules here.
History for this plan is ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and (based on my son's personal interest) pre-Rome Britain. This is based on Ambleside Online, using suggestions from posts to the HEO email list from Lynn Bruce, Carol Hepburn, and others. This plan does not include Poetry, which is included with literature in works such as The Aeneid and Beowulf.
A 36-week schedule is posted below.
Devotional selections are listed under the Worldview heading.
More suggestions can be found on Ambleside Online's geography page.
Economics in One Lesson by Henry Hazlitt, if you didn't use it last year. 26 chapters; can be scheduled one a week.
World magazine and weblogs as indicated on Ambleside Online's Current Events suggestions.
How Should We Then Live by Frances Schaeffer, both the book and the video series, are recommended, if you didn't do them in a previous year.
Shakespeare - continuing with the schedule posted at Ambleside Online. Julius Caesar fits well in this year.
To be assigned during the term.
Continue current math program or review.
Nature study to be continued as usual.
Same as posted at Ambleside Online for Years 9-11.
* The Iliad (Robert Fagles translation recommended; a slightly abridged audio version read by Derek Jacobi is highly recommended) Samuel Butcher's translation is online here.
Lives by Hendrick Van Loon - fun after the student has covered a wide sweep through history and is familiar with the various characters.
The Gift of Fire Introduction, ch 1. Who Is Socrates, Now That We Need Him?
Herodotus Book 6 Erato (3 weeks) read to 'Still, though he brought them under the yoke, the blow which his land force had received at their hands, and the great damage done to his fleet off Athos, induced him to set out upon his retreat; and so this armament, having failed disgracefully, returned to Asia.
The Gift of Fire 2. The Square of the Hypotenuse "
Herodotus Book 6 Erato (3 weeks) from 'Thus did war rage between the Eginetans and Athenians.' to end of book.
Herodotus Book 7 Polymnia (6 weeks) from 'On his arrival at Alus in Achaea, his guides, wishing to inform him of everything, told him the tale known to the dwellers in those parts concerning the temple of the Laphystian Jupiter' to end of Book 7.
Herodotus Book 8 Urania (3 weeks) from 'As soon as the sea-fight was ended, the Greeks drew together to Salamis all the wrecks that were to be found in that quarter, and prepared themselves' to end of Book 8.
Socrates to Sartre ch 11 Hume: How Do You Know?
Socrates to Sartre ch 13 Hume: Will the Sun Rise Tomorrow?
Socrates to Sartre ch 14 Hume: Reason-Slave of the Passions?
How the Irish Saved Civilization Introduction: How Real is History?
short story: Eudora Welty - Why I Live at the P.O.


Routes to Work serves the long term unemployed and economically disadvantaged in North Lanarkshire. We understand the needs of thousands of local people. Many face difficult personal challenges and we help them return to work or take up employment for the first time. Regular client surveys shape the service we provide to deliver the best and most appropriate support we can. Our customised services are accessible at more than 40 locations in the heart of communities across North Lanarkshire.
Clients must always be at the centre of the process - we design and deliver all our services with a focus on making positive changes in their lives, respect their wishes, listen to them and respond to the feedback we receive. We retain a focus on helping the most excluded in our communities.
Helping over one thousand North Lanarkshire residents into work this year isn't down to one single organisation. Routes to Work's success comes from collaboration and partnerships with likeminded organisations, all working towards improving the lives of those residents in North Lanarkshire. The complex nature of some of the situations our clients face means that we must draw on the skills of many other organisations and support networks. It isn't possible to mention every one of them within this annual report by name but we have around 60 wonderful partners, of varying sizes, working with us across the region on different programmes to support people facing varied personal challenges returning to work or seeking their first job.


The Antonov An-30 is a derivative of the An-24 fitted with an entirely new fuselage forward of frame 11. The fuselage nose is extensively glazed, reminiscent of the Boeing B-29. Housed within the new nose section is the navigator and precise navigational equipment, including an optical sight for ensuring accuracy of aerial photography. To enable accurate and repeatable survey flights, standard equipment for the An-30 included computer flight path control technology. This additional equipment replaced the radar. The positioning of the new navigational equipment required the flightdeck to be raised by 41cm in comparison to the An-24, giving the aircraft its other main feature, a hump containing the cockpit, similar to the Boeing 747.


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The West Side Mountain Bike Series has been going on for 13 years! It has grown each year and we are excited for the 2018 series, as we are utilizing more new trails. Come on out and have some fun!!!
Securite' Luxury Gun Club is the 2018 title sponsors of this event.
Prices do not include online registration fee. The reason for the lesser savings on the Day of Fee, is because the addtional fee is included in this rate.
Please be reminded that we stage at the NorPoint Trail entrance, not in the State Park, so you need to park in the neighborhood. Be respectful of this neighborhood, as they could not allow us to use this great entrance. There will be portapotties, and trash containers at registration.
Team tents will be able to be set up near the finish area.
If you have pre-registered and need to request a transfer please send an email to Info@BuDuRacing.com at least 24 hours before the start of the event.
Self Seeding Categories, includes Cat 3 Age Group and Clydesdale, Cat 2 OPEN, Age Group, Clydesdale, Fat Tire and Single Speed and Cat 1 OPEN, Age Group, Single Speed and Clydesdale. Age group divisions do not apply to Clydesdale or Single Speed. Medals are given out at each event 3 deep and for the Series Ending Awards, it is 5 Deep.
Transfers to a different category, which means you are moving up a category, are allowed with points transferring, but must take place before the 5th race. No transfers with points will be allowed after the 5th event. After transfering, in order to be in contention to win a Series Placing, you must have competed in at least 3 of the category events you are placing in.
If you transfer down a category, your points will NOT transfer.
We are working on a team ranking similar to the Race Cascade Cup system. A team leader needs to be designated, and Deanna needs to know who this is. This Team Leader will report to Deanna (via email), the Saturday, prior to the event, the 5 participants (including name and bike number -if known) from their team who will be the ones the points are taken from. These people can change for each event, and there is no requirement for which categories the participants have to be in, as Cat1 podiums are worth more than Cat 2 and Cat 3 podiums. Should that person actually participate or not finish, the team gets no points for that entry. Since our scoring system already recognizes the different categories by the points, we do not need to adjust points. The team at the end of the points series, with the most points.
Pick your most reliable 5 members for that race.
Points are awarded to each finisher in each division and category at the completion of each event and are carried over to the next event. The final event on April 15, will be a stand alone event and will not count towards series points. At the final event we will have the series ending podium ceremony. This way, people can review the results and let BuDu Racing, LLC know ahead of time if there is an issue that needs to be reviewed.


text:
Metro gets buses from Recovery Act
by Steve Hymon , February 26, 2010
Metro Transportation Contract Services Manager Shannon Anderson hands over the keys to brand new 32-foot CNG bus to Veolia Transportation General Manager Hector Fuentes. The bus is the first of 50 low-floor buses purchased with ARRA funds for a fleet operated by Contracted Services. Photo: Juan Ocampo
There has been a lot of talk in political circles about the economic and employment benefits of the federal stimulus bill (the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act) signed into law in Feb. 2009. Fair enough. But in terms of hardware, Metro benefited from the bill when the first of 50 buses purchased with stimulus money was delivered this past week.
The buses are powered by natural gas and will replace 33 diesel buses and 17-propane fueled buses. All the details are posted after the jump.
Metro Transportation Contract Services Manager Shannon Anderson Tuesday delivered the first of 50 CNG buses purchased with ARRA funds to Veolia Transportation, one of three transportation providers under contract with Metro to operate 22 lines throughout Los Angeles County. The buses are designated to replace 33 diesel buses and 17 propane-fueled shuttle buses in the fleet operated by contracted services. Veolia will receive 35 of the buses and First Transit, Inc. will claim 15.
The delivery of the first bus was met with a celebration in the Veolia Division yard, where a gathering of Veolia employees poured over the new bus, inspecting the shiny new engine, technology features and sleek interior.
"The new buses will provide a better quality ride experience for our customers and improve on-time service," said Anderson. "They also contribute to Metro's goals for maintaining the largest clean-air fleet in the nation."
Veolia GM Hector Fuentes took the arrival of the first new bus as proof that the new fleet will soon be up and running. "Mechanics, staff, operators, everybody – we were all really looking forward to this," he said. "We put up photos, signs, all kinds of messages that the new buses are coming but they didn't really believe it until now. Now we know it's really here."
Anderson thanked Executive Officer Michelle Caldwell, Office of Management and Budget Executive Management, and Countywide Planning Director Gladys Lowe for identifying the bus purchase in an application for ARRA funding, which ultimately rescued the project from dwindling state transportation funds.
The Board action in April 2009 provided for the purchase of 50 CNG 32-ft buses in the amount of $24 million. The low-floor, CNG-fueled buses have the same technology features of Metro-operated buses, including an interior video surveillance system.
Anderson currently oversees about $40 million in contracts with three transportation providers: Veolia, First Transit, Inc., and Southland Transit, Inc. The companies operate 22 lines with 181 buses ranging in size from 16-passenger vehicles to full-size, 40-foot coaches and account for an annual ridership of some 16 million.
Categories: Policy & Funding
Tagged as: federal stimulus bill
Go Metro Weekends, Feb. 26th – Feb. 28th
I-405 Work Planned on Wilshire Boulevard beginning Feb. 26


Description Published by the State of Illinois 1921. Includes text on motor vehicle registration. Distinguishes hard and oiled roads from dirt roads. No roads shown for 8 southeast counties. Includes trail names and symbols.
Digitization Specifications Scanned from a 26 in. x 19.5 in. map by a VIDAR TruScan Titan II pass-through scanner at 400 dpi. Archival file is uncompressed TIFF, 208 MB. Display file is JPEG2000.


text:
64 Geminorum är en vit stjärna i huvudserien i stjärnbilden Tvillingarna.

64 Geminorum har visuell magnitud +5,06 och är väl synlig för blotta ögat vid normal seeing. Den befinner sig på ett avstånd av ungefär 175 ljusår.

Referenser

Stjärnbilden Tvillingarna
Huvudseriestjärnor klass A
Flamsteedobjekt
HD-objekt
HR-objekt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We made our traditional annual Easter expedition to Radnorshire this last week. A little earlier than Easter proper, obviously, but we had left our booking a little late. It had snowed heavily the week before and, thoughtfully, they saved a little for us. It's good to get your boots in some snow at least once a year, even if you have to walk a few miles and track it down to its hilltop lair.
Then it went wet and misty. Very wet and misty. A good day to visit the famous bookshops in Hay-on-Wye (where I found nothing worth buying, but did have a strange encounter with a brochure, which I'll probably describe later).
Then it cleared up. We had a few of those beautiful clear, cold, sunny spring days. Walking on top of the world!
By the end of the week, it was actually getting quite warm. Once you were out of the wind, that is, crouched down in the lee of a hill, and wearing a coat, hat, and two pairs of socks. If you have an interest in trilobite fossils, by the way, that quarry on the horizon is a good spot to look for them. Except that the owner has now understood this, fenced it off, and installed a rentable shepherd's hut on the premises.


Did you realize that your hair is one of the first things people notice about you?
That means your hairstyle can literally make or break your feminine image!
You deserve to look and feel your best as a crossdresser or transgender woman – and it all starts with your hair.
Here are 5 male to female hairstyle mistakes to avoid – and what to do instead!
Rule #1 – Stay within 2 shades of your natural hair color.
Unless your hair is naturally very light or dark, you should avoid extreme shades like platinum blonde or jet black.
Rule #2 – Choose a hair color that compliments your skin tone.
The first step is to identify whether you have a WARM or a COOL skin tone. To do this, look at the veins on your inner wrist: If they appear blue, you have a cool skin tone. If they look green, you have a warm skin tone.
If you have a cool skin tone, choose hair colors with a cool tone – like coffee brown, burgundy, or ash blonde.
If you have a warm skin tone, opt for golden shades such as chestnut, auburn, or honey blonde.
The cut and style of your hair have a dramatic impact on your appearance. Hairstyles that are too short, too long, or too angular can have a masculinizing effect on your face.
Instead, flatter your face with soft waves and layers. Bangs are also a great choice if you have a high forehead.
If you prefer to style your own natural hair (vs. wearing a wig), be sure to pay special attention to its thickness. Slight hair loss might not be noticeable in male mode, but it instantly reads as masculine if you are en femme.
Hair loss treatments and hormones can help with hair regrowth, but in the meantime, wear a wig or hair piece. You could also try rocking a cute hat!
If you're going to wear a wig, pay close attention to quality. High quality human hair wigs can cost hundreds (or even thousands) or dollars, but you can find synthetic wigs for much less.
No matter how much you spend, you want to look for shine and softness. Wigs with dull, rough hair fibers scream "fake" from a mile away.
Also keep in mind that wigs have a limited life span. As soon as your wig starts to look dull or frizzy, it's time to shop for a new one.
If you're new to wigs, it's normal to be scared that your wig is going to fall off. Your instinct might be to push the wig down, but this can give you a low-forehead, Neanderthal look.
On the other hand, if the wig isn't properly secured, it can creep up your forehead. This isn't a flattering look, either.
To keep your wig securely in place, use wig clips, a wig cap, or a wig grip.
Now I'd love to hear your thoughts on this topic. Share your best hairstyle tips and tricks and upload a photo of your femme hairstyle in the comments section below!
With hair color, I am older, 65, and natural hair is graying, should I stay with a normal color or go with a gray or salt and pepper? I want to look appropriate and not like I am trying to be a lot younger.


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text:
package libcore.java.util;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import libcore.util.SerializationTester;

public class OldPriorityQueueTest extends TestCase {
    public void test_ConstructorI() {
        PriorityQueue<Object> queue = new PriorityQueue<Object>(100);
        assertNotNull(queue);
        assertEquals(0, queue.size());
        assertNull(queue.comparator());

        try {
            new PriorityQueue(0);
            fail("IllegalArgumentException expected");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            //expected
        }
    }

    public void test_remove_Ljava_lang_Object_using_comparator() {
        PriorityQueue<String> queue = new PriorityQueue<String>(10,
                new MockComparatorStringByLength());
        String[] array = { "AAAAA", "AA", "AAAA", "AAAAAAAA" };
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            queue.offer(array[i]);
        }
        assertFalse(queue.contains("BB"));
        // Even though "BB" is equivalent to "AA" using the string length comparator, remove()
        // uses equals(), so only "AA" succeeds in removing element "AA".
        assertFalse(queue.remove("BB"));
        assertTrue(queue.remove("AA"));
    }

    public void test_remove_Ljava_lang_Object_not_exists() {
        Integer[] array = { 2, 45, 7, -12, 9, 23, 17, 1118, 10, 16, 39 };
        List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(array);
        PriorityQueue<Integer> integerQueue = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(list);
        assertFalse(integerQueue.remove(111));
        assertFalse(integerQueue.remove(null));
        assertFalse(integerQueue.remove(""));
    }

    public void test_Serialization() throws Exception {
        String s = "aced0005737200176a6176612e7574696c2e5072696f72697479517565756594"
                + "da30b4fb3f82b103000249000473697a654c000a636f6d70617261746f7274001"
                + "64c6a6176612f7574696c2f436f6d70617261746f723b78700000000b70770400"
                + "00000c737200116a6176612e6c616e672e496e746567657212e2a0a4f78187380"
                + "2000149000576616c7565787200106a6176612e6c616e672e4e756d62657286ac"
                + "951d0b94e08b0200007870fffffff47371007e0003000000027371007e0003000"
                + "000077371007e00030000000a7371007e0003000000097371007e000300000017"
                + "7371007e0003000000117371007e00030000045e7371007e00030000002d73710"
                + "07e0003000000107371007e00030000002778";
        PriorityQueue<Integer> srcIntegerQueue = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(
                Arrays.asList(2, 45, 7, -12, 9, 23, 17, 1118, 10, 16, 39));
        new SerializationTester<PriorityQueue<Integer>>(srcIntegerQueue, s) {
            @Override protected boolean equals(PriorityQueue<Integer> a, PriorityQueue<Integer> b) {
                return Arrays.equals(a.toArray(), b.toArray());
            }
        }.test();
    }

    private static class MockComparatorStringByLength implements
            Comparator<String> {

        public int compare(String object1, String object2) {
            int length1 = object1.length();
            int length2 = object2.length();
            if (length1 > length2) {
                return 1;
            } else if (length1 == length2) {
                return 0;
            } else {
                return -1;
            }
        }

    }

    private static class MockComparatorCast<E> implements Comparator<E> {

        public int compare(E object1, E object2) {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /**
     * removeAt(.) must sometimes perform siftUp(.).
     */
    public void test_removeAt_siftUp() {
        PriorityQueue<Integer> q = new PriorityQueue<Integer>();
        // Adding a valid heap will keep elements in the same order
        for (int i : new int[] { 0, 3, 1, 4, 5, 6, 2 }) {
            q.add(i);
        }
        q.remove(4);  // 2 replaces 4 but parent is 3, siftUp(.) is needed
        for (int i : new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 }) {
            assertEquals(i, (int) q.poll());
        }
        assertNull(q.poll());
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Echoing html link mailto I'm using Ckeditor on a field of a CakePHP form.
No problems saving the information on the database the problem is when I echo the content of that field. If the field as a link of the type mailto I get a denied: in the beginning of the href attribute.
For example:
name@domain.com

To echo the field value I'm using:
echo $data['Ent']['text'];

A: you can use :
<?php echo $this->Html->link($v['mail'],'mailto:'.$v['mail'],array('target' => '_blank'));?>

A: Dont know why Ckediter is doing that but you can remove it using jquery
name@domain.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Despite secularism and atheism being on the rise, some areligious students feel discriminated against—at times violently. Now teachers across the U.S. are creating Secular Safe Zones to "curtail anti-atheist bullying, discrimination, and social isolation."
Pulliam emailed the photo, anonymously, to the Freedom From Religion Foundation. They then sent a complaint to the school district, which asked Muldrow High School to take down the plaque.
The taste of justice was, for a moment, sweet on Pulliam's godless tongue. Until students protested . By later in the week, his peers had compiled hundreds of signatures on petitions to save the Commandments plaque. The Muldrow Ministerial Alliance began giving away shirts that bore the Ten Commandments, in support of the protest. Parents got into the fray, too. Denise Armer said taking down the plaque was "going too far ... What happened to freedom of religion, and not from religion?"
The protesters began speculating as to who was responsible for the instigating photo. Speculative whispers became cries. When some of Pulliam's friends—who were among the cohort of openly areligious students at Muldrow High—started feeling heat, Pulliam outed himself on an atheist blog. Sacrificing himself to so that he might save others, Pulliam admitted that he was the one who sent the photo.
Pulliam later said that in the wake of his confession, his mother worried for his safety. She also worried that his teachers might grade him differently. His sister, an eighth-grader, said other students wouldn't look at her, and "in one instance she couldn't even get a class project done because her group members refused to talk to her." Other students "told Gage's girlfriend that he should stay from them or else they'll punch him."
The Secular Student Alliance (SSA) is an educational nonprofit advocacy group. They have 393 affiliated student groups on U.S. high school and college campuses. That number has doubled in the last four years. Their stated purpose is to "organize and empower nonreligious students" and "foster successful grassroots campus groups which provide a welcoming community for secular students to discuss their views and promote their secular values." This month they launched a program, primarily in high schools, intended to counter situations like Pulliam's, which they say are commonplace.
School faculty members who affiliate with the program never have to say a thing; they hang the yellow, green, pink, and blue emblem, and students come to them.
Nontheists are just angry at god.
Nontheism is the product of a personal tragedy.
Nontheists love sinning too much to give it up.
It also succinctly defines subgroups of secularism (atheism among them), and advises, "It's important to approach the questioning student in a neutral manner. As Secular Safe Zone allies, we are not here to push either religion or nontheism."
Bearing such knowledge, an ally posts his sign.
A Pew Research Center survey recently found that the number of Millennials reporting doubts about the existence of God doubled in five years—now around 31 percent. More people in the United States identify as nonreligious than any time in the past 30 years; and those numbers are steadily increasing, especially among young people. Is the climate for "coming out" as an atheist still that hostile?
Pulliam's story in Oklahoma is echoed by cases in the news like that of Jessica Ahlquist in Rhode Island—a high school student who challenged a prayer banner in her school and was later called an "evil little thing" by her state congressman—and Damon Fowler in Louisiana, who got his school to cancel plans for a prayer at his graduation ceremony and was kicked out of his house by his parents.
Galef shared with me some of the anonymous feedback on discrimination that he has received from a few of the SSA-affiliated student groups around the country.
While most of our campus is respectful, people are typically shocked to find out we are atheists. When we first formed the group I received death threats through email and also the typical 'you're going to hell' rhetoric.
We've had our flyers torn down and defaced on a regular basis. Additionally, we've had Christians attend meetings to tell use we're going to hell, we need Jesus, we're seeking truth and they're there to provide it, etc. We finally had to kick them out and almost had to call public safety because everyone was so uncomfortable. Additionally, almost all of our group members have faced harassment from family members, 'friends,' and others on a personal level.
Our administration put up a huge fuss when we started this group. They progressed to ignoring our requests for school wide announcements, calling President and Vice President out of class for discussions, refusing to answer our questions, and docking our teacher sponsors evaluation so low that she would lose pay. We also had almost 100 signs torn down with little to no administrative response, even after we requested it.
We get threats written on flyers and [are] generally harassed.
Our flyers have been torn down. Our members have been insulted. However, school administration is very supportive of our organization and backs us when these things happen.
Extremely religious students have harassed some members in the past about their involvement and have occasionally removed promotional flyers from hallways.
The whole school, teachers including, have a slanted view of the group and some of the more judgmental religious people here have harassed the open minded religious people who just like to come to meetings. Everyone assumes it's the 'atheist club' even though we have a good mix of atheists, Christians, and people who are just curious. The Christians that are interested in discussion and debate are criticized for even being involved. The harassment is just the verbal attack of the group, nothing physical, thankfully.
Ultimately, Galef hopes that Secular Safe Zone allies will normalize nonbelief. "We have a long road ahead of us," added Galef, "but this is another step toward acceptance."


(a) Values shown are averages and are not to be considered as specifications.
(b) ASTM test methods are the latest under the Society's current procedures. All molded specimens are prepared by injection molding.
Note: Due to the fact that different regulations in each country set different details of compliance, users of Moplen RP6094 are recommended to undertake their own investigation of the requirements and comply with each regulation set forth, for instance, in applicable local F&DA requirements. Ultimately the users must make their own determination that their use of Moplen RP6094 is safe, lawful and technically suitable in their intended applications. Unless specifically indicated, the grades mentioned are not suitable for applications in the pharmaceutical/medical sector.
(iv) tobacco related products and applications, electronic cigarettes and similar devices.
(v) safety components in automotive applications, for example: air bags, air bag unit housings and covers, seat belt mechanisms, brake systems, pedals and pedal supports, steering systems.
All references to U.S. FDA, Health Canada, and European Union regulations include another country's equivalent regulatory classification.
The purpose of this document is only for technical support of the use of the product.
Before using a HMC Polymers product, customers and other users should make their own independent determination that the product is suitable for the intended use. They should also ensure that they can use the HMC Polymers product safely and legally. This document does not constitute a warranty, express or implied, including a warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In addition, no immunity under HMC Polymers', LyondellBasell's or third parties' intellectual property rights shall be implied from this document. No one is authorized to make any warranties, issue any immunities or assume any liabilities on behalf of HMC Polymers except in a writing signed by an authorized HMC Polymers employee. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the exclusive remedy for all claims is replacement of the product or refund of the purchase price at HMC Polymers' option, and in no event shall HMC Polymers be liable for special, consequential, incidental, punitive or exemplary damages.


For bed and breakfast near the Eden Project - accommodation in St Austell Cornwall also for Lost Gardens of Heligan.
The Gables Guest House bed and breakfast is centrally situated within 10mins walk of St Austell town; where you will find main banks, shops and cinema. Also, the main Railway and Bus station can be found. There are plenty of beaches to enjoy, Porthpean, Charlestown, Carlyon Bay, Gorran, Meavagissey and Portmellon, to name just a few.
The Original building dates back from 1780 when it is believed to have been Stables for a farm. Then, in the 1800's it then, was converted into a private house and became, 'The Gables'.
It became a Guest House in the 1950's and on and off until 2003 or so we are told. In 2008 Mike and I (Barbara) brought the property and set about transforming it to a cosy four bedroomed guest house, which we have achieved the "AA 4 star rating and the AA Breakfast Award"
Unwind in our private garden, surrounded by rare sub-tropical, cottage and local flora and fauna.
The Garden is divided into three parts, with all areas having hand rails and steps leading to the first area which has a fish pond and seating, the second has a sheltered seated area to sip your wine or coffee and relax in and the third has a large sheltered area with tables and chairs to enjoy your breakfast or Cornish cream tea (weather permitting).


text:
Quiz: This Week in Celebrity History: Nov 5 – 11
Birthday boy Leonardo DiCaprio had 5 Oscar nominations before he won. Do you know what his first nomination was?
His first nomination was in 1994 for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in What's Eating Gilbert Grape, where he played Johnny Depp's little brother Arnie.
35 years ago Elizabeth Taylor showed us that 7 isn't always a lucky number. What happened?
Her Cartier diamond necklace featuring 7 rubies was stolen
Her 7th marriage ended in divorce
She lost her bid for the 7th biggest diamond at auction
Her character on General Hospital was killed off after 7 episodes
Taylor's 7th marriage ended in divorce. John Warner was her 7th marriage (but only her 6th husband, she married Richard Burton twice!). Her 7th husband didn't work out either.
Emma Stone is Hollywood's favorite red head! Do you know the birthday girl's natural hair color?
Blonde! In preparation for her role in Superbad, Judd Apatow had her hair dyed red for an edgier look, She loved it so much she kept it!
Nov 4, 2010 – News broke that Leann Rimes and Eddie Cibrian were engaged and it left this housewife furious!
Brandi Glanville
Camille Grammer
Brandi Glanville! Brandi and Eddie were still married when he met Leann on the set of Northern Lights, where they reportedly started an affair.
50 years ago we lost Vivien Leigh, who would've turned 104 this week! Do you know which role she played both on film and on stage?
Blanche DuBois - A Streetcar Named Desire
Cleopatra - Caesar and Cleopatra
Both Blanche DuBois and Cleopatra! Best remembered as Scarlett O'Hara from Gone With the Wind, Leigh was a prolific stage actor, acting more on stage than she did on film.
Famke Janssen is celebrating her birthday this week! In how many languages can she sing happy birthday?
1 - English
2 - English, Dutch
3 - English, Dutch, German
4 - English, Dutch, German, French
4! That's right, she speaks four languages! Janssen is also the voice of the Dutch-language narration for the tram tour at all the Disney parks.
15 years ago, 8 Mile premiered. Eminem won an Oscar for the movie. Do you know which catagory?
Best Original Song for Lose Yourself! Eminem was so sure he wasn't going to win, that he didn't even go to the awards ceremony.
Nov 1991 – This surprising person turned state's evidence against John Gotti, putting the "Teflon Don" behind bars.
His wife - Victoria DiGiorgio
His second in command - Sammy Gravano
Rival Mob Boss - Anthony "Gaspipe" Casso
His son - John Gotti Jr.
Second in command Sammy Gravano. Fearing that John Gotti and his crew weren't going to get away this time, Gravano opted to work with the feds rather than take his chances in court.
You may recognize this birthday boy from TV, but do you know who his two famous brothers are?
Brandon & Brody Jenner
Chris & Liam Hemsworth
Owen & Luke Wilson
James & Dave Franco
Happy birthday Luke Hemsworth! That's right, he's a Hemsworth!
Mickey Rourke was arrested for DUI 10 years ago this week. Do you know what he was driving?
A Golf Cart
A Limousine
A Vespa
An ATV
Rourke was driving a Vespa when he was caught!
You're a star! You got a perfect 10!
Do you know your celebrity history? Do you love quizzes? Visit REELZ.com every week for a new quiz that will put your knowledge to the test!
You don't know it all, but you sure know a lot!
It's a tough quiz! Try it again!


To start with, you can flip a house. As a result, if you place your house in an open field, you are more prone to entice bluebirds or swallows. Possessing a home with lots of room is the aim of several men and women.
If you place your house in a more wooded region, you are more prone to entice chickadees or nuthatches. When you're likely to construct a house, the real first point that you ought to certainly prepare is absolutely the layout. Your house is a long-term financial investment. If you're searching for a tremendous house, look at our home plans with 5 or more bedrooms. Imagine relishing in the number of spacious living quarters that you'll be supplied in such a home. Moving, along with purchasing a new home involves a great deal of work and time, together with moving and closing costs.
As you want to know more about getting the house to seem bright and inviting, you don't desire to overdo it or overrun your home circuitry. On the reverse side, in the event you have actually got a larger house, you may be lured to acquire far more points just, therefore, the simple reality that you have in fact got the room to save them, likewise if you simply utilize them as soon as periodically. A 2-story house can also fit right in a tiny write-up of land, and you may also take advantage of the remainder of the room for the yard, garage, or outside storage. You must figure out how big you need your house and the size of each room. Adding to the comfort factor, vacation homes offer you a degree of private privacy which you will not get in any kind of hotel. Including in the comfort variable, they provide a level of personal privacy that you will not enter any type of resort.
Be a trendsetter If you would like to construct an amazing house, you must do massive research in conditions of the latest architectural trends. You have your own house and also you're most likely to get the chance to make it your method. Semi-detached houses appeal to folks who want to have their own house in addition to the land it's on. The best houses give you the sense that everything is in the right location. While constructing a new house is typically done as a lasting living option, bear in mind that the layout must be versatile for when it's the proper time to offer likewise. Therefore, if you're contemplating building a new home, you ought to think seriously about whether you would love to dwell in a home that's larger than 2,600 square feet.
As each house is going to be constructed on a distinctive site, a site program can't be supplied with the package. Think of the environment that you're purchasing a home in, and what type of basement you would like. As a means to make certain that you have your house, you d just like you wish to go accustomed to the essentials of identifying plans to make sure your home strategies will definitely be simply what you expect. Going into an excessive quantity of debt can signify that you lose your fantasy house before you really get settled.
Each room was thought through to exude elegance and fashion from both powder rooms on the most important level to the huge upstairs laundry to the elevator servicing all 3 levels. If you wish to add something to the room your daughter enjoys now but may not enjoy, later on, make certain it's cheap and removable. At exactly the same time, rooms are being designed for many uses with time. If you think about improving your living room to remove that ordinary look, there are quite a few home improvement companies which may permit you to find that look you want within merely a fast moment.
When you choose a home program, you're also selecting a lifestyle. It's tough to imagine it simply from the home plan itself, but a huge part of the overall cost to construct a luxury home goes into finishes and details. A 1 story house program will gracefully age alongside you. Two story house plans also supply a good deal.
A floor program can clarify homes special capabilities. Viewing a Floor plan can help you in deciding if a property is well worth a view. 25 Beautiful 2 Floor Home Plans If you have the ability to, include something to your house that will surely make it stick out.
Planning a home from scratch may look like a daunting job, but it doesn't need to be. Purchase your land before you choose a design plan if you're constructing a new house. It's possible to also research house design plans on the net.
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Earlier this month, Year 10 geographers got their hands dirty for the first time during a field trip to the River Chess. As part of our GCSE fieldwork, we had to measure certain properties of the river, such as depth, velocity, and width. We can use this primary data to formulate conclusions about how the river changes as it flows through our local area.
We followed the source of the river down through to Rickmansworth through the course of day, taking measurements at regular intervals. We found that the river grew wider, deeper and faster downstream, and we were able to use this data in a full write-up of this investigation, which we completed back at school.
Though the geographical aspect of the trip was very interesting, the real fun of this trip was the data collection. Wading into the thigh deep river - and getting incredibly wet - meant our teamwork skills had to be excellent to ensure we could collect data. Adapting to the unfamiliar location and dealing with the cold river proved to be an exciting challenge, along with the mud, splashing, and all the rest of it.
The day showed us a new side to our fascinating subject that we could only have experienced beyond the classroom, and thanks are owed to the Geography Team for ensuring the day ran smoothly. It was an extremely productive and enjoyable day, we just have one warning for the next year group: prepare to get extremely wet!


text:
Q: Magento 2.3 get custom category attribute in .phtml file I have created a custom category attribute title_description and is showing on the admin side and I can save data. But when I try to show the value on the frontend using getTitleDescription() it is not showing anything. It is working for default category attributes like getName() and getId(). In my block I have created the function
public function getCurrentCategory()
    {
        $currentCategory = $this->registry->registry('current_category');
        return $currentCategory;
    }

And in .phtml file I am calling
$block->getCurrentCategory()->getTitleDescription()

It works on other pages where I am using a collection of categories and looping through it. But not working when calling an individual category

A: You can add your custom attribute to Magento's list of attributes that it'll load by default when loading categories.
Create a file called catalog_attributes.xml in the etc folder of your module.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Catalog:etc/catalog_attributes.xsd">
    <group name="catalog_category">
        <attribute name="title_description"/>
    </group>
</config>

Note that the group is called catalog_category, which is the group for auto-loaded attributes. This file is capable of doing other things as well, which you can learn about here.

A: You can also try adding
public function getTitleDesc()
{
    return $this->getCustomAttribute('title_description');
}

In your block and then call the function.
Note you should flush the cache before calling it.


AMSTERDAM, Netherlands: Since graduating from ArtEZ (Institute of the Arts, Arnhem) last year, fashion designer Ratna Ho has become somewhat of a sensation in her homeland the Netherlands. Her graduate collection was chosen to take part in Lichting 2009, Holland's prestigious annual event illustrating "the best academy graduates of one year in 1 central catwalk show;" and was also featured in Vogue, StyleBubble and Dutch Grazia amongst others. Here Ratna shares her thoughts with FAULT on what it means to be an 'emerging designer' in Europe.
FAULT: Your graduate collection was an unsual pairing of pleating and black web detailing against a pastel colour palette. What was your inspiration?
Tribal tattoos and my little pony, the webs were made out of fantasy tights which reminded me of tribals.
FAULT:Who is the ideal Ratna Ho woman?
She has very broad taste when it comes to art, fashion, books etc. She sees the beauty in ordinary things. Her age doesn't really matter as long she has a young spirit. And above all, she is fierce.
FAULT: What are you working on at the moment?
At this moment I am working on a new collection and a project for Amnesty International.
FAULT: Which fashion designers do you admire?
FAULT: Do you feel there is enough support for emerging designers?
Yes and no, because of course I am thankful for everything what happened to me, lots of press attention, exhibitions etc but in the end when the attention is gone you have to do it by yourself. I have the idea that in the Netherlands they keep supporting the same designers every year, not really the new, renewing ones. If this would happen, the Amsterdam Fashion Week would become a lot more interesting, for both the viewers and designers. Therefore I think that the young designer contests like the Frans Molenaar Prize and Lichting are much more fun and inspiring and it's not really a surprise that these shows are the most exciting shows of the fashion week.
FAULT: What advice would you give to other emerging designers?
Be yourself, don't become arrogant. And think really good before you make decisions.


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