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text:
Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins: The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues
Andrei K. Dioumaev, Mark S. Braiman
To improve the use of vibrational spectra for modeling Asp and Glu environments buried in proteins, vc=o frequencies of aliphatic carboxylic acids and N-acetylaspartic acid a-amide were compared in several different solvents. These data indicate that propionic acid and longer-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids are all quite similar, and serve as better models for Asp and Glu residues buried in proteins than does acetic acid. For propionic acid, vc-o frequencies above 1745 cm-1 are observed only in non-H-bonding solvents. Furthermore, in such non-H-bonding solvents, the vc=o frequency exhibits a linear correlation with Onsager's parameter, 2 (ε - l)/ (2ε + 1), which is expected to be proportional to the strength of the solute-induced electrostatic ("reaction") field of the solvent. We also measured a vc=o frequency of 1742 cm-1 for the protonated Asp-26 residue of thioredoxin which is known to be surrounded principally by nonpolar groups. These results are used to model the environment of the Asp-85 residue of bacteriorhodopsin, for which the vc=o frequency has been measured previously in several photointermediate states. In the unphotolyzed (bR) state, the Asp-85 residue (vc=o ≃ 1730 cm-1) is in a relatively polar hydrogen-bonding environment, but this environment is drastically changed upon photoconversion to the M state (vc-o = 1762 cm-1). We conclude that in the latter state, the Asp-85 COOH group is in a highly nonpolar environment, characterized by the absence not only of hydrogen bonding but also of other forms of external dielectric stabilization.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a020
10.1021/ja00147a020
Dive into the research topics of 'Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins: The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Vibrational spectra Engineering & Materials Science 100%
Vibrational Spectrum Chemical Compounds 61%
Proteins Engineering & Materials Science 58%
Propionic acid Engineering & Materials Science 53%
Carboxylic acids Engineering & Materials Science 48%
Hydrogen bonds Engineering & Materials Science 43%
Dioumaev, A. K., & Braiman, M. S. (1995). Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins: The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117(42), 10572-10574. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a020
Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins : The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues. / Dioumaev, Andrei K.; Braiman, Mark S.
In: Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 117, No. 42, 01.01.1995, p. 10572-10574.
Dioumaev, AK & Braiman, MS 1995, 'Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins: The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues', Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 117, no. 42, pp. 10572-10574. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a020
Dioumaev AK, Braiman MS. Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins: The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1995 Jan 1;117(42):10572-10574. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a020
Dioumaev, Andrei K. ; Braiman, Mark S. / Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins : The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues. In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1995 ; Vol. 117, No. 42. pp. 10572-10574.
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title = "Modeling Vibrational Spectra of Amino Acid Side Chains in Proteins: The Carbonyl Stretch Frequency of Buried Carboxylic Residues",
abstract = "To improve the use of vibrational spectra for modeling Asp and Glu environments buried in proteins, vc=o frequencies of aliphatic carboxylic acids and N-acetylaspartic acid a-amide were compared in several different solvents. These data indicate that propionic acid and longer-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids are all quite similar, and serve as better models for Asp and Glu residues buried in proteins than does acetic acid. For propionic acid, vc-o frequencies above 1745 cm-1 are observed only in non-H-bonding solvents. Furthermore, in such non-H-bonding solvents, the vc=o frequency exhibits a linear correlation with Onsager's parameter, 2 (ε - l)/ (2ε + 1), which is expected to be proportional to the strength of the solute-induced electrostatic ("reaction") field of the solvent. We also measured a vc=o frequency of 1742 cm-1 for the protonated Asp-26 residue of thioredoxin which is known to be surrounded principally by nonpolar groups. These results are used to model the environment of the Asp-85 residue of bacteriorhodopsin, for which the vc=o frequency has been measured previously in several photointermediate states. In the unphotolyzed (bR) state, the Asp-85 residue (vc=o ≃ 1730 cm-1) is in a relatively polar hydrogen-bonding environment, but this environment is drastically changed upon photoconversion to the M state (vc-o = 1762 cm-1). We conclude that in the latter state, the Asp-85 COOH group is in a highly nonpolar environment, characterized by the absence not only of hydrogen bonding but also of other forms of external dielectric stabilization.",
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AU - Dioumaev, Andrei K.
AU - Braiman, Mark S.
N2 - To improve the use of vibrational spectra for modeling Asp and Glu environments buried in proteins, vc=o frequencies of aliphatic carboxylic acids and N-acetylaspartic acid a-amide were compared in several different solvents. These data indicate that propionic acid and longer-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids are all quite similar, and serve as better models for Asp and Glu residues buried in proteins than does acetic acid. For propionic acid, vc-o frequencies above 1745 cm-1 are observed only in non-H-bonding solvents. Furthermore, in such non-H-bonding solvents, the vc=o frequency exhibits a linear correlation with Onsager's parameter, 2 (ε - l)/ (2ε + 1), which is expected to be proportional to the strength of the solute-induced electrostatic ("reaction") field of the solvent. We also measured a vc=o frequency of 1742 cm-1 for the protonated Asp-26 residue of thioredoxin which is known to be surrounded principally by nonpolar groups. These results are used to model the environment of the Asp-85 residue of bacteriorhodopsin, for which the vc=o frequency has been measured previously in several photointermediate states. In the unphotolyzed (bR) state, the Asp-85 residue (vc=o ≃ 1730 cm-1) is in a relatively polar hydrogen-bonding environment, but this environment is drastically changed upon photoconversion to the M state (vc-o = 1762 cm-1). We conclude that in the latter state, the Asp-85 COOH group is in a highly nonpolar environment, characterized by the absence not only of hydrogen bonding but also of other forms of external dielectric stabilization.
AB - To improve the use of vibrational spectra for modeling Asp and Glu environments buried in proteins, vc=o frequencies of aliphatic carboxylic acids and N-acetylaspartic acid a-amide were compared in several different solvents. These data indicate that propionic acid and longer-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids are all quite similar, and serve as better models for Asp and Glu residues buried in proteins than does acetic acid. For propionic acid, vc-o frequencies above 1745 cm-1 are observed only in non-H-bonding solvents. Furthermore, in such non-H-bonding solvents, the vc=o frequency exhibits a linear correlation with Onsager's parameter, 2 (ε - l)/ (2ε + 1), which is expected to be proportional to the strength of the solute-induced electrostatic ("reaction") field of the solvent. We also measured a vc=o frequency of 1742 cm-1 for the protonated Asp-26 residue of thioredoxin which is known to be surrounded principally by nonpolar groups. These results are used to model the environment of the Asp-85 residue of bacteriorhodopsin, for which the vc=o frequency has been measured previously in several photointermediate states. In the unphotolyzed (bR) state, the Asp-85 residue (vc=o ≃ 1730 cm-1) is in a relatively polar hydrogen-bonding environment, but this environment is drastically changed upon photoconversion to the M state (vc-o = 1762 cm-1). We conclude that in the latter state, the Asp-85 COOH group is in a highly nonpolar environment, characterized by the absence not only of hydrogen bonding but also of other forms of external dielectric stabilization.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I've observed that many of us rely almost exclusively on quantitative evidence, while ignoring or even disparaging our more subjective qualitative insights.
Is this indulgence in data-driven, linear analysis due to our fear of the unknown?
Are we so driven by "hard" data that we are blocking the "soft" insights available only through our gut feelings?
But, are our data-driven and intuitive minds really so diametrically different? In other words, why is it so common to believe that a linear way of looking at a problem is the only way to look at that problem?
Anyone who has truly mastered a skill has what seems to be an uncanny ability to "see" things that others who are less skilled simply overlook. In fact, someone who has mastered a skill or craft often does not engage in the machinations of "hard" data analysis, but can "see" the solution to the problem or potential outcome quickly.
Should this master's insights or suggestions be ignored? Hardly, because it often is the result of experience and a finely honed ability to recognize patterns or trends that lead to those insights.
Is our gut instinct based on this same foundation?
Remember that "funny feeling" you had when you accepted a job offer that sounded so good – even though "something" was telling you not to accept it? You only discovered (after much angst) that what the employer told you about the job wasn't the reality of the job.
In both of these situations, did you question why you didn't listen to your gut?
So what leads to these gut feelings?
While the specific mechanism of what creates a gut feeling may not be fully understood, it seems that we humans are wired to have them.
In fact, I haven't met anyone yet who does not acknowledge that they have experienced a gut feeling about a person or situation at least once in their lives. Although the feeling may have defied logical analysis, the insight ultimately came true.
The sad reality is that gut feelings are often only acknowledged after the fact. In other words, we recognize or admit to having that gut feeling only in hindsight.
Given the ubiquitous nature of gut feelings, the number of people who actually listen to their gut (anecdotally based upon my observations) is substantially smaller.
The question, of course, is why are we so afraid of acting upon our gut instincts or using them in our decision making? Why is it so challenging to accept these gut feelings before we act – rather than recognizing their wisdom afterward?
Perhaps it is the fear of being wrong or failing that prevents us from accepting the spontaneous insights of our guts. But what if our gut instincts are simply the result of processing information at a much higher speed than our more linear thought processes?
For lack of a better location, our gut instincts emanate from our brains – and the full capacity and capabilities of this amazing organ have not yet been fully mapped.
I'm sure that you've heard the recurring myth that people use only 10% of the total capacity of their brains. However, this assumption from the early 1900s has been debunked by current research. The reality is that nearly every part of our brain is constantly active: although only 3% of total body weight, the brain uses 20% of the body's total energy.
In other words, the brain is constantly active processing, organizing, and storing external and internal information.
Maybe our gut instincts are the result of our brain sensing patterns or similarities with information that it had previously stored – information that would take longer to detect using purely linear thought processes.
So, why not become a little more receptive and accepting of the quicker insights of our gut feelings?
I'm not suggesting that quantitative data be ignored in decision making. Instead, I am suggesting that data be viewed as a tool that needs to be analyzed and interpreted by using both parts of our brains: the linear quantitative and the creative qualitative.
Our experiences have shown that hindsight is always 20/20. But imagine how our lives would be enhanced if we finally learned to trust those gut feelings when they happen!
Trusting your gut is essentially a commitment to trusting yourself.


text:
Colorado likely to adopt tough new rural renewable energy requirements
Sarah Gilman May 7, 2013
This is "a direct assault on rural Colorado," Rep. Brian DelGrosso, R-Loveland, fumed at Colorado's Democratic lawmakers last week.
From the strength of his rhetoric, you might think wealthy Front Range cities had proposed phasing out production agriculture or even banning all guns. In reality, though, DelGrosso was piling scorn on a policy that would create opportunities for a major state industry – renewable energy.
Photovoltaic panels at a solar power plant in Colorado's rural San Luis Valley. Sarah Gilman.
"You will not crucify us on the backs of windmills and solar panels," another Colorado Rep., Lori Saine, R-Dacono, exclaimed.
At issue is Democrat-backed Senate Bill 252, which passed both houses of the state Legislature on a party-line vote and headed for the governor's desk on May 1. If signed into law, which seems likely given that Gov. John Hickenlooper has signaled his support, it will require the rural electrical cooperatives that serve 70 percent of the state's landmass and 25 percent of its residents to double the amount of renewable energy in their mix from 10 percent to 20 percent by 2020.
Reports the Colorado Statesman:
The legislation specifically targets the Intermountain Rural Electric Association, which serves ratepayers in counties south of Denver, as well as Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association, (which sells wholesale electricity to) 18 rural cooperatives across the state. The co-ops (could) charge (up to) 2 percent of a customer's bill to pay for the upgrades and changes.
Tri-State and other cooperatives have argued that the measure would be backbreaking for rural electricity consumers: "If enacted, (the bill) will cost Tri-State between $2 and $4 billion in the next six years," the co-op's board chair Rick Gordon testified in early April. At the midpoint of that range, he argued, electricity rates could balloon 20 percent.
"Shame on you for raising rates on rural families when this does not affect you or your constituents," Rep. DelGrosso told the Denver-area lawmakers that support the bill during his tirade.
But much of the Front Range is already subject to the state's more stringent renewable portfolio standard (RPS) for investor-owned utilities like Xcel Energy, which must generate 30 percent of their power from renewable sources by 2020. Before Colorado voters passed the first version of that RPS by ballot initiative in 2004, Xcel adopted the same argument as Tri-State has now. The utility helped form a group called Citizens for Sensible Energy Choices, which spent an estimated $1.5 million on a campaign arguing that the measure would hurt the economy and cause electricity bills to explode. According to Center for American Progress energy expert Richard Caperton, though, Xcel now says that the state's renewable energy standard will ultimately save its consumers as much as $100 million over 25 years.
Today, 29 states and the District of Columbia have RPSs. It's difficult to generalize their effects on electricity rates, despite conservative pundits' attempts to do so as they argue in favor of various bills (including one in Montana) that weaken or eliminate the standards. For example, Grover Norquist's suggestion that rates are higher in states with RPSs than those without isn't especially illuminating, Caperton says, because "There are at least 13 reasons (average use per customer, the age of the distribution system, the generation resource mix, and local taxes among others) why one state could have higher rates than another."
When Caperton crunched the numbers in a more specific way – calculating RPS states' average annual electrical rate increases before and after their RPSs passed and comparing them to average rate increases in states without RPSs over the same time periods -- he found no pattern at all.
Moreover, RPSs provide clear economic benefits. Upping the standard for rural co-ops in Colorado, for example, will provide a much needed boost to the state's already sizeable solar and wind industries, especially since Xcel and other utilities that had driven much of their past growth are on track to meet their existing RPS goals and have less incentive to aggressively invest in more. As we reported back in 2009, some among Tri-State's rural member co-ops have long recognized this economic potential, as well as the fact that their supplier's dependence on coal may itself lead to rate increases as infrastructure ages and environmental regulations get tighter. This April, the board of our own Delta-Montrose Electrical Association (DMEA) – which oversees a sparsely populated agricultural valley in western Colorado – passed a resolution to support SB252 if it allowed local co-ops to generate more of their own energy.
SB252 also allows power generated from coalmine methane – an especially potent greenhouse gas -- to count towards state renewable goals. That's something DMEA's board members have also lobbied hard for, since the organization's service area is home to three giant underground coalmines that must vent methane to keep their workers safe. The valley already has one such project. "If (coalmine methane capture is) included in that renewable energy standard … it would improve the marketability of that resource," board director Tony Prendergast testified last February at the state capital. "That … would be good for local economic development, good for the mines and provide another locally-generated energy resource which is something DMEA is very interested in."
Assault on rural Colorado indeed…
Sarah Gilman is High Country News' associate editor
More from Energy & Industry
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If it had been me, if I had been running with Jesus, if my life had overlapped with His, what, just what would I ask Him to teach me?
If I had seen what His closest followers had seen, if I had experienced the power and emotion that they had experienced, what would I have wanted Him to imprint on my life?
As an apprentice to the master, as a student to the teacher… what would my single request for instruction be?


text:
Sanchez's Wednesday News Conference
Transcript of quarterback Mark Sanchez's news conference before Wednesday's afternoon practice at the Atlantic Health Jets Training Center:
On if the game against the Giants is going to be special…
It's a city rivalry and something that we take seriously here and you want to win the city, you want to win your division and you want to win the Super Bowl. So that is one of our goals each year, whether we play in the pre-season or in the regular season, this year we do it both times. We would love to play well both games and hopefully win them both, but we have a lot of work to do as a team and from a defensive standpoint, I saw they lost Terrell Thomas last week, a USC guy, so that's a big blow for them, but they will recover I'm sure and have some good guys up front and they look tough.
On how last week was a good "dress rehearsal" for Dallas…
This is a good warm up for Dallas. We need to play well through half time, maybe the third quarter, but that's the way it's gone the last two years. You play into the third quarter and we get to work a lot of different situations, maybe another two minute drill, hopefully a couple of red-zone situations and third downs, maybe goal-line stuff. It's a good opportunity for our team to rep those situations and be comfortable with them by the time we play on September 11th.
On the first team offense…
I think we are coming along. We made a push in these last couple of days especially with the pre-season games, you finally get to see another defense, get to see, as basic as it might be in the pre season, its still a different defense so it's a little more exciting than playing your own team. After a week, it kind of gets old playing our defense. Those guys are so good it's frustrating at times. The offense came along slowly but surely and we made a good push the last couple of weeks.
On what he is looking for from the first offense on Saturday…
I think getting ahead of the sticks on first down. We were second-and-long almost all night against the Bengals. You look at our third-down conversions and it wasn't where we should be, but it's because we did so poorly on first down, whether it was an incompletion or a run for negative yards. That hurts. Second-and-long is hard. It really handcuffs the offense and it lets the defense do whatever they want. If we can just get to second-and-medium, second-and-short, it gives us a lot of opportunities on offense to play well and, hopefully, get a third-and-manageable.
On what the meaning of this week is to Plaxico Burress…
Well, he's excited, but he's a pro, and he's done this for so long that he won't have any distractions. He's excited he's understanding the offense really well and starting to find his groove. So we'll support him in any way we can, and we know a game like this has extra meaning, but each week, it'll be something. Whether it's Plax or Santonio, or somebody playing a former teammate, or Coach Ryan coaching against his brother, Rob, there's something every week. So you just help those guys that week, make sure they're focused, and go out and play.
On if he has any concerns about Burress tweaking his back…
I don't have any concerns. He's fine.
On his relationship with Dustin Keller and how it helps on the field…
Off the field, we're great friends. Had a blast at his wedding this summer. He's one of those guys that you love to be around. He's got a great family, his brothers are around a lot. So I know him really well off the field. And then it helps when you get on the field, we always know that even in those tough situations when we're upset at each other, or I miss a throw or he misses a catch, it's never personal. We're just trying to win, and it helps when you have that off-the-field chemistry, too.
On the field, he's only grown in his route-running ability, he has all of the physical tools, he has great hands, he's got speed, he's got size and he's really learning how to block well, and his routes are getting better by the year, and by the practice. So he's made it a point to really seek me out outside of meetings, "Hey, let's sit down and watch this," or, "What are you thinking on this specific route?"
I remember when we had this in the playoffs last year, "Why'd you look that way, instead of this way? What can I do?" If it's just tagging, saying his route before we break the huddle, trying to remind me that there's not just three really good receivers, there's a good tight end, too. He'll do stuff like that, too, one, to mess with me, and two, to try and get the ball.
On what his relationship with Eli Manning is like…
We've talked, I guess, sparingly, but most of the time, it's either at a charity event or something in the Super Bowl, unfortunately, neither of us have been playing in it. We see each other doing promotional stuff, whether it's for Toyota or for whoever, but it's always good, we're always cordial. I saw him at a benefit with [Mark] Brunell, I took Brunell as my date. He was there with his wife and daughter, I believe, so they were great, seems like a great family. We're not best buds or anything. There's nothing wrong with it, we're just not that close that way.
On if he was impressed by Burress' performance against the Bengals…
I don't know, I think it's kind of what we expected. Not that there's anything wrong with that. He's a great player, and that's just what you expect. The other thing was, to me, everything came out so positive from that game, but there's still plenty of stuff to work on, and it's a preseason game, and we're playing a Cincinnati game that didn't have Keith Rivers, that pulled a lot of their starters pretty early. Sure, we won the game and that's great, but that's not anything to hang your hat on. We still have a lot to prove still.
On the significance of him wearing an "FDNY" shirt…
Sure, if you guys remember the Muze clothing company. They made that "Wonder Boy" shirt that I wore a couple of years ago that got pretty popular. So we teamed up again, and we're helping a charity here in New York, right around 9/11 time and this 10-year anniversary, so we wanted to make a shirt that we could sell online and all of the proceeds would go to the New York Police and Fire Widows & Children's Benefit Fund.
So we're selling it on the Facebook Pro Shop site, so it's Facebook.com/OfficialMarkSanchez and then for the benefit fund, it's AnswerTheCall.org and basically, we're selling shirts and all the proceeds are going to the widowed families of these rescue workers and first responders. So it was a cool idea that Muze kind of came up with. The FDNY let us use their logo and saying, "You go, we go." So I'm happy to be a part of it. It's a cool-looking t-shirt, so I'll be wearing it. Hopefully I'm not the only one.
On if it is special to play the regular-season opener on September 11…
No question. My dad, obviously a firefighter, but my step mom's daughter's husband, so like a step-brother-in-law, like a brother-in-law, is a firefighter, also, and he's up in Oakland, Michael Donner. He'll be out here that week. Their celebrating, doing some stuff with firefighter rescue workers that they met and have been friends with for 10 years now.
And then having my dad here, the firefighters I've met, whether it was somewhere around the city or firefighters back in Orange County that I know, it's an exciting time. That week it's Rex vs. Rob, Jets-Cowboys, and 9/11, so there's going to be a lot going on. As much as we want to respect that anniversary, we need to stay focused for the game and honor that 10-year anniversary with a great performance, hopefully.
On the most challenging part about trying to score in the red zone…
I think it's just the same thing, and one, not to get too caught up in it, sometimes we build it up, now it's like, "We haven't been good in the red zone, we have to do something." That doesn't mean you have to do something big. It could mean a 4-yard run on first down. It could mean complete a flat route to LT [LaDainian Tomlinson] and watch him break a tackle and run for 6 yards. That's fine, that's a victory, just getting something positive on first down, and then getting into a third-and-manageable, having our checks and alerts up when you all out pressure us, and be ready to play.
Other than that, we have weapons, we have a big target in Plax [Plaxico Burress], we have a slot guy in Derrick Mason, who really knows how to do well in the red zone, and Santonio, I mean, that's all the guy does, is find the ball in the air and get in the end zone, so we have all of the tools. It's important not to get too caught up in it.
On what Mason does in the red zone that makes him dangerous…
It's one of those situations where obviously, the defensive backs, they know there's less field to cover, so as a receiver, just being fast doesn't help down in the red zone, you've got to know spacing, you've got to understand what concept you have on, understand the coverage and really be able to read the defense on the fly and those are all his strong suits. So he's quick, he's shifty, he knows how to screen a defender away, and keep his body in between the ball and the defender, and that's what you need. He's one of those guys who knows how to make a big catch, he's got great hands, a solid receiver, so he can be a great help for us.
On if he is looking forward to practicing at Hofstra on Thursday…
It's great. You get a lot of fans on Twitter and people you see in passing in the city or in New Jersey, wherever, "I'm from Long Island, I wish you guys were still out here." So this is kind of us paying respect to them and thanking them for being great fans for such a long time. Sure, we moved to New Jersey, but that's still our home over there, too, so we're excited to go back.
On Santonio Holmes' catch in practice Tuesday…
It was sweet. That was a sweet catch, oh my God. I called my brother right after practice, I thought it was better than the Super Bowl catch that he had a couple of years ago, I thought it was better than the Houston Texans catch. It was sick. Even guys on defense looked like, "Man..." You get a guy who does that in practice, it's no surprise why he can do it on game day. There was no communication about that, that was something that just kind of happened, and the last play of the game and he makes a huge catch, so that's pretty cool.
On if he purposely underthrew the ball…
Yeah, just kind of led him. Everything was jumbled up there in the middle and it was the last play of the game so you either throw a jump ball for somebody and hope it works or you just wait for Tone [Santonio Holmes] to move around somewhere and find a hole, but that's something Derrick Mason can do, that's something Plax can do, and having all of them back at one time will be nice.
On what has been his best throw of camp so far…
Let me think. Maybe the one completion against Revis is like a little victory. Kind of went like 1-for-50.
On if he is bothered by Revis in practice…
Darrelle? Heck no. It's good because you get to really work against a solid corner. You got to be perfect. A lot of times it's where your guy can get it or nobody, and your guy's going to have to make a good catch to secure the football and get a completion. So it's a good test for us every day in practice and when you play that premier corner on the other team, you've had good work at it all week, and it gives [Antonio] Cromartie a lot of work, too, so he's looking really good.
On if he's noticed Kyle Wilson's improvement…
He's done a much better job. One of the things that I noticed right away, at the beginning of camp, it might have been just day one or that first week, just the way he communicates on defense. He's talking a lot more, and last year he was so quiet. You tend to get that way, I'm more vocal, obviously, at the line. I'm understanding coverages and stuff, so it's just natural to want to talk to Nick [Mangold] and remind guys what they have going on.
Well, he's the same way. Before, you'd try to pick on Kyle, and understand exactly what they're doing on defense, and he'd kind of give it away. You can't help yourself, you don't want to be wrong and you're new, so you're just looking inside, and you're supposed to be pretending to cover a receiver, but you're looking inside, looking inside, and it's obvious he's coming on a blitz, so we'd adjust the protection, and you'd send Wayne Hunter out there and he'd just knock him over. That's what happens rookie year.
Well, now, he's moving around in the slot, him and Dwight Lowery and Jim Leonhard. They're all like the same player, moving all over the place, so it makes it a lot more difficult, and so he's come through a couple of times clean and just totally fooled us. He's having a great camp and he's a first-round pick, he's supposed to be a stud. And we saw flashes of it last year and now he's starting to be more consistent, so he can really help us in the slot, and he's got great help around him.
On being compared to Eli Manning…
That's OK. That's fine. And in our division you're compared to [Tom] Brady, and guys who have done it before, who have been success. He's won a Super Bowl, so that puts him in that category and a certain status. There's a lot to live up to in this town, whether it's on your own team, a crosstown rival. There's always going to be a Joe Namath comparison, an Eli Manning comparison, a Tom Brady comparison. So that's the world we live in, playing for the Jets and being the quarterback.
I respect him a lot. I think he's got great feel for the game. He's definitely a leader on that team, and they all look to him to make plays in crunch time, and in crucial situations, and he does that. He's put up big numbers, and we have a lot of respect for him.
As Nathaniel Hackett Arrives, Jets Are Committed to Find a Veteran Quarterback
Robert Saleh Says It's About Finding the Right Guy
Jets Hire Nathaniel Hackett to Offensive Coordinator Post
Hackett Has Fielded a Top 10 Scoring Offense Three Times as OC
Jets Hire Keith Carter as O-Line Coach / Run Game Coordinator
Carter, Robert Saleh Worked Together with Seahawks; Spent the Past 5 Seasons with Titans
Jets OL Look Ahead | Hampered by Injuries Last Season, Offensive Front Focused on a Healthy 2023
LG Laken Tomlinson, C Connor McGovern Sturdy in '22; Mekhi Becton and Alijah Vera-Tucker Expected Back
Where Are They Now: Mac Stephens
Catch Up with the Jets Legend from Minnesota
Notebook | Jets RB Breece Hall: 'Something Just Clicked'
Standout CB Sauce Gardner Also Excelled Defending Against the Run
Jets Sauce Gardner and Garrett Wilson Win Writers Awards
CB Is Named NFL Rookie of the Year; WR the Offensive Rookie of the Year
Jets CB D.J. Reed Excelled in Transition from West Coast to East Coast
Veteran Mentored and Marveled at Play of Rookie Sauce Gardner
Sauce Gardner, Garrett Wilson Crack ESPN's Top 5 Rookie Rankings
No. 4 Overall Pick Co-Led NFL in Pass Defenses; No. 10 Overall Pick Eclipsed 1,000 Receiving Yards
One Season Achilles After Injury, Jets DL Carl Lawson Regained His Edge
He Made 'Leaps & Bounds' in '22 and Says, 'I'm Just Looking Forward to Continue to Grow upon That'
Jets DL Look Ahead | Still Work to Do, but What a Rush in '22
Young Yet Experienced Group Benefited from Rotation, Put Up Big Numbers in the QB Pressure Department
Alijah Vera-Tucker: 'I'll Be 100% for Training Camp'
Jets Versatile OL Says 'The Mentals Are Good'


text:
Q: Integrate Fabric Android app With iOS App in Digit When Integrating two apps it's essential to add Digit Key and secret key. In swift there is a function to do this like :-
 // Swift
 Digits.sharedInstance().startWithConsumerKey("your_key", consumerSecret: "your_secret")

So I searched in the documentation to find the equivalent code for the android. But didn't find the code yet. So how can I ad iOS app Digits secret key and consumer key in my android app ?

A: I asked this from the Fabric team.Problem is that they didn't clearly mention that we can use digit key and secret in TwitterAuthConfig. and they told me :-

you should use your Twitter or Digits consumer key and secret in TwitterAuthConfig("consumerKey", "consumerSecret")
  I'll let the team know that this was confusing.

So you can simply add your Digit consumer key and consumer secret in here :-
TwitterAuthConfig authConfig =  new TwitterAuthConfig("consumerKey", "consumerSecret");
Fabric.with(this, new TwitterCore(authConfig), new Digits());

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
MSP visits Langlands Moss
The work being carried out to preserve the unique habitat of Langlands Moss continues to win high praise.
Louise Reilly
The most recent VIP visitor to the reserve was Clydesdale MSP Aileen Campbell.
During her visit, which was organised by Maureen Potter, chairperson of the Friends of Langlands Moss, the MSP was given a tour of the recently completed renovation works to the reserve's boardwalks and shown how it will help to preserve the lowland raised peat bog for future generations.
Ms Campbell said: "It was nice to be able to visit the Langlands Moss nature reserve today to find out more about this unique habitat and the wildlife it attracts.
"The Friends of Langlands Moss, in partnership with South Lanarkshire Council, have undertaken extensive renovation work to the boardwalks. The group are now looking forward to getting the interpretation boards and signage installed.
"This conservation work has improved public access and will make any visit to this rare peat bog more enjoyable and informative. When it is ready, I encourage anyone interested, to visit the reserve and experience this rare and important habitat which is right on our doorstep."
Maureen added: "I was delighted to welcome Aileen to Langlands Moss on behalf of our Friends Group.
"She was very enthusiastic and supportive of all our conservation efforts over the past few years and seemed most impressed by the new boardwalk made from recycled plastic bottles."


text:
I've been watching Jody Hill's career with great interest ever since I caught his funny but uneven low-budget debut The Foot Fist Way. That film, as well as his follow-up, the ambitious but occasionally reprehensible Observe and Report, showed a demented talent who filtered the "Judd Apatow formula" -- honestly, Kevin Smith was doing it a decade earlier, and better -- through a lens of poor Appalachian bitterness and cynicism. His view of the feral madness bubbling beneath unassuming suburban schlubs plays like a white trash David Lynch. He took the darkness of Punch-Drunk Love and tried to force it back into Adam Sandler's normal comic persona, and that's why his streak of noble failures are so frustrating. He's got a hell of a goal, but he hasn't quite found the means to pull it off. Until now.
Eastbound & Down, a collaboration between Hill, his writing partner Ben Best and his favorite player, Danny McBride, gives the twisted trio the time they need to flesh out their warped yet strangely plausible microcosm and the even weirder characters who inhabit it. McBride has always played a redneck variant of the Will Ferrell persona, that of the incompetent athlete or craftsman who believes himself to be the best in his field no matter how many times he fails to do anything right, and Ferrell himself even guest stars in two of the episodes. But his Kenny Powers is something more, a devastatingly funny combination of Ferrell's "mediocre American man" and Ricky Gervais' David Brent.
Powers was once a professional baseball player. Starting with the Atlanta Braves, he made a name for himself in his rookie year with his cannon of an arm and, later, his unfiltered mouth. With his trademark catchphrase "You're fucking out!" and his appalling statements concerning women, homosexuals and minorities, he became the Bad Boy of Baseball, as renowned for his unbelievable ego as his 101 mph pitch. I would say that the fame went to his head, but you get the idea that fame went to his head before anyone had even heard of him. He bounces from team to team, and the hard living takes its toll on his talents, until at last his slowed pitch and a steroids scandal force him out of the majors.
Down but not -- in his addled mind -- out, Powers returns to his hometown in what he believes will be a triumphant return that will fuel his comeback. Indeed, a few townsfolk are overjoyed to see him, but Kenny is so blinded by ego that he's as likely to punch them in the face as sign an autograph. The rest of the town, however, is indifferent to their fallen idol. Kenny moves in with his brother Dustin (John Hawkes) and his wife Cassie (Jennifer Irwin), who urge him to get a job as they know the glory days are behind him.
Kenny eventually relents and heads to the local high school, where he starts as a substitute gym teacher and fills in full-time when the old teacher dies. He sees it as a chance to impress the town's youth and a way to provide a steady income until the big leagues come calling back, and soon he's the most inappropriate teacher who ever dared to stand in front of a class and lecture. The only way he could be any worse a teacher is if he had a relationship with a student, but he does just fine being a monster without crossing that hurdle (and thank God Hill never takes it that far, unlike the disturbing rape sequence in Observe and Report).
Kenny brings that same blind, unwarranted optimism and energy to his coaching -- even though he never seems to teach the kids anything beyond what a legend he is -- and soon his mania has won over the oddball band teacher Stevie Janowski (Steve Little) -- who may or may not be mentally challenged -- and milquetoast principal Terrence Cutler (Andrew Daly). He also attempts to rekindle a relationship with old flame April (Katy Mixon), now engaged to Terrence. April is the second most engaging character after Kenny, as she has clearly moved on in life, but she has a darker side that comes to the fore as Kenny relentlessly tries to woo her. Mixon handles both sides perfectly, and you can buy why such a person might fall for Kenny beyond mere plot contrivances.
Hill, Best and McBride wrote all six of the season's episodes, which they justly dub "chapters." Eastbound & Down certainly plays like a novel, directly continuing where the last episode left off. That planning allows the cast of improv heavies to do their thing without letting the show spin out of orbit, and the situations Kenny finds himself in do not seem simply like setups. His excursion to the local BMW dealer (run by Will Ferrell in his best role in some years) initially seems little more than an excuse to put their star executive producer in the show, but Ashley Schaffer is such a brilliantly loony character in his own right that he makes the episode stand out. We return to the dealership a few episodes later, where Kenny must face off with his old, also-shamed baseball rival, played by Craig Robinson, and the results are magnificent. The entire show is based on the perversion of the small town hero story, and the face off between the two manages to skewer epic sports showdowns with their laughable display.
Naturally, Kenny has a handful of highs to accompany his many, terrible lows, as watching someone being kicked in the gutter constantly loses its appeal; having him slip and fall back in the gutter as he finally tries to get out, however, is gold. The final episode ends with a minor cliffhanger as Kenny is called back to the majors, jeopardizing his budding reconnections with the people around him. Then there's a final twist that makes you wonder if Kenny will repeat the cycle all over again in the next season.
It's hard to fault this excellent first season for anything other than its brevity. Not only are the characters hilarious and their interactions the most cringe-worthily funny outside of a Ricky Gervais/Stephen Merchant collaboration, the show looks great as well. Three of the six episodes are directed by indie darling-cum-budding comedy giant David Gordon Green, who also made Pineapple Express a damn pretty piece of escapism. Obviously, they aren't pulling out their hair over the rule of thirds here, but some establishing shots look downright superb.
My only qualm with this season is that it rushes itself near the end to get to a definite conclusion. Kenny decides to put his former life behind him after a particularly embarrassing night, but the shift is too sudden and the reason not quite valid enough to suggest such a 180. Also, it's episodic nature might turn off viewers looking to return to their favorite moments, as the show needs its whole season to fully work. Nevertheless, this is incredibly daring television, all the more rewarding for how damn funny it is. The idea that they got away with this, even on HBO, is astounding. I look forward to Jody Hill honing his craft in films, as well as seeing Danny McBride get more work, but right now, I can think of nothing I'd rather see them do more than this superb series.
Labels: Andrew Daly, Craig Robinson, Danny McBride, HBO, Jody Hill, Katy Mixon


text:
#k12education
publichealth (194)
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Graduate Assistant Football Coach at Curry College.
Curry College
Senior Planning Associate at Miami Dade College.
Professor, Mathematics at Valencia College.
Valencia College
Professor, English at Valencia College.
Associate Professor at Rutgers - New Brunswick.
Rutgers - New Brunswick
Open Rank Faculty Positions (tenured/tenure-track) in Biomedical Ultrasound Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy - Department of Biomedical Engineering at Case Western Reserve University.
Assistant/Associate Professor (tenure-track) in Controls - Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Case Western Reserve University.
Case Western Reserve University - Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Library of Congress- Summer 2023 Full-Time Funded Internship at The Washington Center.
The Washington Center - Federal Initiatives
Assistant/Associate Professor (tenured/tenure-track) - Department of Pharmacology at Case Western Reserve University.
SITE Intern at IMSA.
Assistant Professor (non-tenure track) in Engineering Education - Division of Engineering Leadership and Professional Practice, Case School of Engineering at Case Western Reserve University.
Program Lead - Graphic Design Bootcamp, Pre-College Programs at Tufts University.
Tufts University - University College


For most of us the living room is where we relax and love to spend time. A home is said to be a reflection of the personality of the inhabitant. The most important task of making a home is coloring the walls. And equally difficult is to choose the wall colors for living rooms. Be of a clear mind and visualize how would you want your living room to look like before you go out choosing wall colors for living rooms. The living room should be of a kind where you can be yourself. You should also paint the living room space in colors that reflect your family's decorative personality while giving you room to change or update the look whenever you want. Bright or noticeable colors, when placed strategically in the room, will make the space trendy and sophisticated; modest hues provide a timeless and classic look to the living room space but will contrast well with modern furniture pieces.
There are several options of wall colors for living rooms that you can choose. First of all, neutrals are, hands down, the safest option, which does not at all imply that they don't make for fabulous living rooms. Light taupe, mushroom gray, varieties of white (eggshell, ivory, dune) all create a muted palette that lets the furniture, artwork and accents take center stage. Shades in this category create a tranquil and uncomplicated vibe. They are also versatile, translating from city loft to lake house. Those who like to redecorate will find that these colors are a lovely backdrop for nearly every design philosophy. Depending on the furniture and decor, this family of colors transforms from sophisticated and modern to warm and intimate. Real estate agents and designers also prefer neutrals for houses on the market. Since the living room is usually a central and open space, it can be risky to be overly dramatic (i.e. painting the whole space a bright shade of pink) as it overwhelms visitors. The one caution that should be noted with neutrals is that there needs to be pops of color or a variety of neutral shades to prevent a washed-out effect. On the other hand, green hues pair well with living rooms that prominently feature natural accents and earthy textures. Homeowners who opt for rough wood furniture, textural fabric and rock or water accents often enjoy the feel that green walls create. When attempting to create an earthy space with green, go with a color with mossy undertones, so that the color is not mistaken for a mint green or similar hue.
Another options of wall colors for living rooms to choose is warm colors. If you love extravagance and swoon in the presence of deep reds, then the warm color palette is where you belong. This category of color is best for those who have passionate and strong personalities and want to see that reflected in their homes. Reds work best for living rooms in houses in cold places, metropolitan areas and historic neighborhoods. The color is traditional and can be jarring in houses that are oceanfront, for instance. Keep in mind that while the effect can be grand or cozy, red paint is the most difficult paint color with which to work. It often takes a special (darker) primer and several coats before the desired look is achieved; as a result, it can be more expensive. Warm yellows and oranges are also good choices, bringing a satisfying richness to walls. For the tips, while choosing wall colors, try not to select the color on your first visit to the paint shop. Take the color swatches home, think upon it and then decide.
Try and choose a color that complements its surrounding. Try to match the color with the flooring or the carpet, curtains (only if you're not getting new ones), the color of the room next to it. Also, if you're one of those artifact collectors, then try and match the color which will go well with your collection. Light has the ability to change color. Observe the amount of natural light your living room gets. If your living room gets sunlight then try choose a color which works well during the day and also honors well in the evening lamplight. Then, the color on the color chart looks different than what actually gets painted on the wall. It is advisable to choose a color which is lighter by a grade or two. If it is getting difficult to choose that perfect shade for your living room, consider using more than one color. If you can't narrow it down to a final color, consider using two colors. Paint three of the walls one color and an accent color on the fourth wall. Accent walls not only look delightful but are trendy as well. Finally, try out different colors and their shades available in the market, by using your creativity. You will certainly come up with a good choice of wall colors for living rooms, which you will never regret making.
Label: living room, wall color ideas living room, warm colors, traditional white living room, family room wall color.


text:
.. _tutorial-dbcon:

Step 3: Database Connections
----------------------------

We have created a function for establishing a database connection with
`connect_db`, but by itself, that's not particularly useful.  Creating and
closing database connections all the time is very inefficient, so we want
to keep it around for longer.  Because database connections encapsulate a
transaction, we also need to make sure that only one request at the time
uses the connection. How can we elegantly do that with Flask?

This is where the application context comes into play, so let's start
there.

Flask provides us with two contexts: the application context and the
request context.  For the time being, all you have to know is that there
are special variables that use these.  For instance, the
:data:`~flask.request` variable is the request object associated with
the current request, whereas :data:`~flask.g` is a general purpose
variable associated with the current application context.  We will go into
the details of this a bit later.

For the time being, all you have to know is that you can store information
safely on the :data:`~flask.g` object.

So when do you put it on there?  To do that you can make a helper
function.  The first time the function is called, it will create a database
connection for the current context, and successive calls will return the
already established connection::

    def get_db():
        """Opens a new database connection if there is none yet for the
        current application context.
        """
        if not hasattr(g, 'sqlite_db'):
            g.sqlite_db = connect_db()
        return g.sqlite_db

So now we know how to connect, but how do we properly disconnect?  For
that, Flask provides us with the :meth:`~flask.Flask.teardown_appcontext`
decorator.  It's executed every time the application context tears down::

    @app.teardown_appcontext
    def close_db(error):
        """Closes the database again at the end of the request."""
        if hasattr(g, 'sqlite_db'):
            g.sqlite_db.close()

Functions marked with :meth:`~flask.Flask.teardown_appcontext` are called
every time the app context tears down.  What does this mean?
Essentially, the app context is created before the request comes in and is
destroyed (torn down) whenever the request finishes.  A teardown can
happen because of two reasons: either everything went well (the error
parameter will be ``None``) or an exception happened, in which case the error
is passed to the teardown function.

Curious about what these contexts mean?  Have a look at the
:ref:`app-context` documentation to learn more.

Continue to :ref:`tutorial-dbinit`.

.. hint:: Where do I put this code?

   If you've been following along in this tutorial, you might be wondering
   where to put the code from this step and the next.  A logical place is to
   group these module-level functions together, and put your new
   ``get_db`` and ``close_db`` functions below your existing
   ``connect_db`` function (following the tutorial line-by-line).

   If you need a moment to find your bearings, take a look at how the `example
   source`_ is organized.  In Flask, you can put all of your application code
   into a single Python module.  You don't have to, and if your app :ref:`grows
   larger <larger-applications>`, it's a good idea not to.

.. _example source:
   https://github.com/mitsuhiko/flask/tree/master/examples/flaskr/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin
Our current Roundtable considers Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin, which is to be argued at the Supreme Court in the October 2012 term. In Fisher, the Court will consider whether the University of Texas's use of race in its undergraduate admissions process is lawful under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The parties, Justices, and our authors have much material to work with on this issue. There is a long line of landmark Supreme Court cases concerning race and education, including Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1; Grutter v. Bollinger; Grutter's sister case, Gratz v. Bollinger; Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, and of course Brown v. Board of Education.
Professors Vikram Amar, James Blumstein, Tomiko Brown-Nagin, Girardeau Spann, and Gerald Torres have each considered the precedents and offered their views on how the Court might—or should—approach this case in their "First Take" essays below. Professors Amar, Spann, and Torres have considered the essays of their colleagues and offer some additional thoughts, comments, and ideas in their "Responses" below. We hope you find this Roundtable informative and engaging.
Roundtable: First Takes
Is Honesty the Best (Judicial) Policy in Affirmative Action Cases? Fisher v. University of Texas Gives the Court (Yet) Another Chance to Say Yes
PDF · Vikram David Amar · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 77 (2012).
Grutter and Fisher: A Reassessment and a Preview
PDF · James F. Blumstein · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 57 (2012).
The Diversity Paradox: Judicial Review in an Age of Demographic and Educational Change
PDF · Tomiko Brown-Nagin · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 113 (2012).
Fisher v. Grutter
PDF · Girardeau A. Spann · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 45 (2012).
Fisher v. University of Texas: Living in the Dwindling Shadow of LBJ's America
PDF · Gerald Torres · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 97 (2012).
Roundtable: Responses
Revisiting Grutter and Its Diversity Rationale: A Few Reactions to Professor Blumstein's Critique
PDF · Vikram David Amar · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 195 (2012).
PDF · Girardeau A. Spann · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 203 (2012).
The Education of an Admissions Office
PDF · Gerald Torres · 65 Vand. L. Rev. En Banc 211 (2012).
Previous Roundtables
Golan v. Holder | Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. | Skilling v. United States | Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
En Banc Roundtable
Roundtable: Comptroller v. Wynne
Sebelius v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
Roundtable: Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins
Roundtable: Williams-Yulee v. The Florida Bar
DaimlerChrysler AG v. Bauman
The JOBS Act and SEC Rulemaking
Golan v. Holder
Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
Skilling v. United States
Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board


For 2017, the ATS sports sedan and coupe adds more standard technology and style while still delivering plenty of performance.
Power is directed to the rear wheels via an eight-speed automatic transmission with paddle shifters or an available six-speed manual gearbox. Selectable drive modes, including Sport, Touring and Snow/Ice controls, come standard with the automatic transmission.


Yes, its that time of year when you want to try to get your fitness and healthy living on track. I am guilty of trying to pull the New Year Who Dis routine when it comes to my fitness.
I love a good workout. Its just takes me time to make myself go to the gym. Once I am there, I love the feeling of working out. I have started packing my workout bag so I can go to the gym right after work. No Excuses.
Sugar and Sugar are my friends. I have a sweet tooth, and for the sake of my health, I have to let it go. You can have a sweet tooth, but you have to do it in moderation.
Up all night and barely making it in the day without coffee was in my twenties. For my thirties, I am all for being refresh and getting rest before my body gives out. Putting down the electronics before bed and finally resting is very important to live a healthy life.
We all need to focus more on ourselves and our happiness. In the famous words of Maxine Waters, "I'm reclaiming my time'. Remember your self-worth at all time.
Tell us how you will be reclaiming your time below!


text:
Abraham de Moivre (Vitry-le-François, Champagne, França,  — Londres, Reino Unido, ) foi um matemático francês, conhecido pela fórmula de Moivre, uma fórmula que liga números complexos e trigonometria, e por seu trabalho sobre a distribuição normal e a teoria das probabilidades.

Ele se mudou para a Inglaterra ainda jovem devido à perseguição religiosa aos huguenotes na França, que começou em 1685. Ele era amigo de Isaac Newton, Edmond Halley e James Stirling. Entre seus companheiros exilados huguenotes na Inglaterra, ele era colega do editor e tradutor Pierre des Maizeaux.

De Moivre escreveu um livro sobre a teoria da probabilidade, The Doctrine of Chances, que dizem ter sido valorizado pelos jogadores. Ele também foi o primeiro a postular o teorema do limite central, uma pedra angular da teoria da probabilidade.

Vida

Primeiros anos
Abraham de Moivre nasceu em Vitry-le-François, em Champagne, em 26 de maio de 1667. Seu pai, Daniel de Moivre, era um cirurgião que acreditava no valor da educação. Embora os pais de Abraham de Moivre fossem protestantes, ele primeiro frequentou a escola católica dos Irmãos Cristãos em Vitry, que era excepcionalmente tolerante devido às tensões religiosas na França na época. Quando ele tinha onze anos, seus pais o enviaram para a Academia Protestante de Sedan, onde passou quatro anos estudando grego com Jacques du Rondel. A Academia Protestante de Sedan foi fundada em 1579 por iniciativa de Françoise de Bourbon, a viúva de Henri-Robert de la Marck.

Em 1682, a Academia Protestante de Sedan foi suprimida e de Moivre matriculou-se para estudar lógica em Saumur por dois anos. Embora a matemática não fizesse parte de seu curso, de Moivre leu várias obras sobre matemática por conta própria, incluindo Éléments des mathématiques do sacerdote oratoriano e matemático francês Jean Prestet e um pequeno tratado sobre jogos de azar, De Ratiociniis in Ludo Aleae, de Christiaan Huygens, o físico, matemático, astrônomo e inventor holandês. Em 1684, de Moivre mudou-se para Paris para estudar física e, pela primeira vez, teve treinamento formal em matemática com aulas particulares de Jacques Ozanam.

Em 25 de novembro de 2017, um colloquio foi organizado em Saumur pelo Dr. Conor Maguire, com o patrocínio da Comissão Nacional Francesa da UNESCO, para comemorar o 350º aniversário do nascimento de Abraham de Moivre e o fato de ele ter estudado por dois anos no Academia de Saumur. O colóquio foi intitulado Abraham de Moivre: le Mathématicien, sa vie et son œuvre e cobriu as contribuições importantes de De Moivre para o desenvolvimento de números complexos, consulte a fórmula de De Moivre, e para a teoria da probabilidade, consulte o teorema de De Moivre-Laplace. O colóquio traçou a vida de De Moivre e seu exílio em Londres, onde ele se tornou um amigo altamente respeitado de Isaac Newton. Mesmo assim, ele vivia com recursos modestos que gerava em parte por suas sessões aconselhando jogadores na cafeteria Old Slaughter sobre as probabilidades associadas a seus empreendimentos! Em 27 de novembro de 2016, o professor Christian Genest da Universidade McGill (Montreal) marcou o 262º aniversário da morte de Abraham de Moivre com um colóquio em Limoges intitulado Abraham de Moivre: Génie en exil que discutiu a famosa aproximação de De Moivre da lei binomial que inspirou o teorema do limite central.

A perseguição religiosa na França tornou-se severa quando o rei Luís XIV emitiu o Édito de Fontainebleau em 1685, que revogou o Édito de Nantes, que concedeu direitos substanciais aos protestantes franceses. Proibia o culto protestante e exigia que todas as crianças fossem batizadas por padres católicos. De Moivre foi enviado para o Prieuré Saint-Martin-des-Champs, uma escola para a qual as autoridades mandavam crianças protestantes para serem doutrinadas no catolicismo.

Não está claro quando de Moivre deixou o Prieuré de Saint-Martin e se mudou para a Inglaterra, uma vez que os registros do Prieuré de Saint-Martin indicam que ele deixou a escola em 1688, mas de Moivre e seu irmão se apresentaram como huguenotes admitidos no Igreja Savoy em Londres em 28 de agosto de 1687.

Anos intermediários
Quando chegou a Londres, de Moivre era um matemático competente com um bom conhecimento de muitos dos textos padrão. Para ganhar a vida, de Moivre tornou-se um professor particular de matemática, visitando seus alunos ou ensinando nos cafés de Londres. De Moivre continuou seus estudos de matemática depois de visitar o conde de Devonshire e ver o livro recente de Newton, Principia Mathematica. Olhando através do livro, ele percebeu que era muito mais profundo do que os livros que havia estudado anteriormente e ficou determinado a lê-lo e entendê-lo. No entanto, como era obrigado a fazer longas caminhadas por Londres para viajar entre seus alunos, de Moivre tinha pouco tempo para estudar, então ele rasgou as páginas do livro e as carregou no bolso para ler entre as aulas.

De acordo com uma história possivelmente apócrifa, Newton, nos últimos anos de sua vida, costumava encaminhar as pessoas que lhe faziam perguntas matemáticas para de Moivre, dizendo: "Ele sabe todas essas coisas melhor do que eu".

Em 1692, de Moivre tornou-se amigo de Edmond Halley e logo depois do próprio Isaac Newton. Em 1695, Halley comunicou o primeiro artigo de matemática de de Moivre, que surgiu de seu estudo de fluxões no Principia Mathematica, para a Royal Society. Este artigo foi publicado na Philosophical Transactions desse mesmo ano. Logo após a publicação deste artigo, de Moivre também generalizada de Newton notável binomial teorema no teorema multinomial. A Royal Society foi informada desse método em 1697 e tornou de Moivre um membro dois meses depois.

Depois que de Moivre foi aceito, Halley o encorajou a voltar sua atenção para a astronomia. Em 1705, de Moivre descobriu, intuitivamente, que "a força centrípeta de qualquer planeta está diretamente relacionada à sua distância do centro das forças e reciprocamente relacionada ao produto do diâmetro do evoluto e do cubo da perpendicular na tangente". Em outras palavras, se um planeta, M, segue uma órbita elíptica em torno de um foco F e tem um ponto P onde PM é tangente à curva e FPM é um ângulo reto, de modo que FP é perpendicular à tangente, então a força centrípeta no ponto P é proporcional a FM / (R * (FP)3) onde R é o raio da curvatura em M. O matemático Johann Bernoulli provou esta fórmula em 1710.

Apesar desses sucessos, de Moivre não conseguiu obter uma nomeação para uma cadeira de matemática em qualquer universidade, o que o teria libertado de sua dependência de tutoriais demorados que o sobrecarregavam mais do que a maioria dos outros matemáticos da época. Pelo menos parte do motivo era um preconceito contra suas origens francesas.

Em novembro de 1697 foi eleito Fellow da Royal Society e em 1712 foi nomeado para uma comissão criada pela sociedade, ao lado de MM. Arbuthnot, Hill, Halley, Jones, Machin, Burnet, Robarts, Bonet, Aston e Taylor para revisar as afirmações de Newton e Leibniz sobre quem descobriu o cálculo. Os detalhes completos da controvérsia podem ser encontrados no artigo da controvérsia do cálculo de Leibniz e Newton.

Ao longo de sua vida, de Moivre permaneceu pobre. É relatado que ele era um cliente regular do velho Slaughter's Coffee House, St. Martin's Lane na Cranbourn Street, onde ganhava algum dinheiro jogando xadrez.

Anos posteriores
De Moivre continuou estudando os campos de probabilidade e matemática até sua morte em 1754 e vários artigos adicionais foram publicados após sua morte. À medida que envelhecia, tornava-se cada vez mais letárgico e precisava de mais horas de sono. Um comum, embora discutível, alegação é que ele notou que ele estava dormindo um extra de 15 minutos cada noite e corretamente calculados à data da sua morte como o dia em que o tempo de sono alcançado 24 horas, 27 de novembro de 1754. Em naquele dia ele de fato morreu, em Londres e seu corpo foi enterrado em St. Martin-in-the-Fields, embora seu corpo tenha sido removido mais tarde

Probabilidade
De Moivre foi o pioneiro no desenvolvimento da geometria analítica e da teoria da probabilidade, expandindo o trabalho de seus predecessores, particularmente Christiaan Huygens e vários membros da família Bernoulli. Ele também produziu o segundo livro sobre teoria da probabilidade, The Doctrine of Chances: a method of calculating the probabilities of events in play. (O primeiro livro sobre jogos de azar, Liber de ludo aleae (On Casting the Die), foi escrito por Girolamo Cardanona década de 1560, mas não foi publicado até 1663.) Este livro saiu em quatro edições, 1711 em latim e em inglês em 1718, 1738 e 1756. Nas edições posteriores de seu livro, de Moivre incluiu seu resultado não publicado de 1733, que é a primeira declaração de uma aproximação da distribuição binomial em termos do que agora chamamos de distribuição normal ou gaussiana. Este foi o primeiro método de encontrar a probabilidade de ocorrência de um erro de um determinado tamanho quando esse erro é expresso em termos da variabilidade da distribuição como uma unidade, e a primeira identificação do cálculo do erro provável. Além disso, ele aplicou essas teorias a problemas de jogo e tabelas atuariais.

Este foi o primeiro método de encontrar a probabilidade de ocorrência de um erro de um determinado tamanho quando esse erro é expresso em termos da variabilidade da distribuição como uma unidade, e a primeira identificação do cálculo do erro provável. Além disso, ele aplicou essas teorias a problemas de jogo e tabelas atuariais.

Uma expressão comumente encontrada em probabilidade é n! mas antes da época das calculadoras calculando n! para um grande n era demorado. Em 1733, de Moivre propôs a fórmula para estimar um fatorial como n ! = cn (n + 1/2) e −n. Ele obteve uma expressão aproximada para a constante c, mas foi James Stirling quem descobriu que c era .

De Moivre também publicou um artigo chamado "Annuities upon Lives" no qual ele revelou a distribuição normal da taxa de mortalidade de acordo com a idade de uma pessoa. A partir disso, ele produziu uma fórmula simples para aproximar a receita produzida por pagamentos anuais com base na idade de uma pessoa. Isso é semelhante aos tipos de fórmulas usadas pelas seguradoras hoje.

Prioridade em relação à distribuição de Poisson
Alguns resultados da distribuição Poisson foram introduzidos pela primeira vez por de Moivre em De Mensura Sortis seu; de Probabilitate Eventuum in Ludis a Casu Fortuito Pendentibus em Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, p. 219. Como resultado, alguns autores argumentaram que a distribuição de Poisson deveria levar o nome de de Moivree.

Fórmula de De Moivre
Em 1707, de Moivre derivou uma equação da qual se pode deduzir:

que ele foi capaz de provar para todos os inteiros positivos n. Em 1722, ele apresentou equações das quais se pode deduzir a forma mais conhecida da Fórmula de Moivre:

Em 1749, Euler provou essa fórmula para qualquer n real usando a fórmula de Euler, o que torna a prova bastante direta. Esta fórmula é importante porque relaciona números complexos e trigonometria. Além disso, esta fórmula permite a derivação de expressões úteis para cos (nx) e sin (nx) em termos de cos (x) e sin (x).

Aproximação de Stirling
De Moivre estava estudando probabilidade e suas investigações exigiam que ele calculasse coeficientes binomiais, o que, por sua vez, exigia que calculasse fatoriais. Em 1730 de Moivre publicou seu livro Miscellanea Analytica de Seriebus et Quadraturis [Miscelânea Analítica de Séries e Integrais], que incluía tabelas de log (n !). Para grandes valores de n, de Moivre aproximou os coeficientes dos termos em uma expansão binomial. Especificamente, dado um número inteiro positivo n, onde n é par e grande, então o coeficiente do termo do meio de (1 + 1) n é aproximado pela equação:

Em 19 de junho de 1729, James Stirling enviou a de Moivre uma carta, que ilustrava como ele calculava o coeficiente do termo do meio de uma expansão binomial (a + b) n para grandes valores de n. Em 1730, Stirling publicou seu livro Methodus Differentialis [O Método Diferencial], no qual incluiu sua série para log ( n !):

 ,

de modo que para grande , .

Em 12 de novembro de 1733, de Moivre publicou privadamente e distribuiu um panfleto - Approximatio ad Summam Terminorum Binomii (a + b)n in Seriem expansi [Aproximação da Soma dos Termos do Binômio (a + b)n expandido em uma Série] - em que reconheceu a carta de Stirling e propôs uma expressão alternativa para o termo central de uma expansão binomial.

Referências

Ligações externas

Matemáticos do século XVII
Matemáticos do século XVIII
Matemáticos da França do século XVII
Protestantes da França

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The last decade in the identity management world has created a shift to the cloud. In fact, solutions such as first generation Identity-as-a-Service (IDaaS) platforms (more commonly known as web application single sign-on) have changed the conversation to focus on cloud applications. That focus is now coming full circle as the conversation comes back to unified access management for on-prem applications.
How is unified access management changing the identity management world? What kinds of problems is unified access management for on-prem applications solving for IT organizations? To answer these questions, we need to look at the identity and access management (IAM) space as a whole, starting with the beginning.
The start of modern identity management really kicked off with the advent of the open source authentication protocol, the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). This innovation enabled the creation of many other identity providers including OpenLDAP™ and Microsoft® Active Directory® (AD).
Of course, AD would go on to become the monopoly in the space because Windows® machines and applications were the standard, and the entire network was on-prem. This led to Active Directory basically introducing the first concept of unified access because a person's Windows credentials would give them access to the network, their system, applications, and data.
This worked well for a number of years, but started to break down with the introduction of web applications. These IT resources were hosted in the cloud and weren't necessarily Windows based. The result was that Active Directory struggled to connect to these off-prem, non-Windows IT resources.
As a result, a generation of IAM solution called web app single sign-on (SSO) stepped in to solve this problem. These identity-as-a-service platforms, as the analysts called them, would integrate with Active Directory and federate AD identities to a user's web applications. This, too, worked well for a number of years. Active Directory managed everything on-prem, and the web application SSO platform handled web apps. Then, the on-prem network started to change and morph even more. Windows started to be replaced by Mac® and Linux® devices. Critical on-prem applications started to be based on Linux and use the browser as the front-end interface more often.
IT organizations were stuck. Active Directory couldn't manage and connect to Mac and Linux systems or Linux-based applications. While web app SSO platforms did a great job with web apps, they didn't offer the ability to manage on-prem apps that authenticated with LDAP, Kerberos, other non-SAML protocols, or non-Windows systems.
So, the first generation IDaaS vendors started to shift their focus to include on-prem apps as well. They called this unified access management. The challenge with this approach is that it doesn't cover all of an IT organization's on-prem resources ( i.e. Mac, Linux, Windows systems, Samba file servers or NAS appliances, and local and remote servers). Further, this so-called unified access management approach still required Active Directory on-prem which still meant that IT admins were managing at least two platforms.
The concept of unified access management for on-prem applications, cloud apps, systems, cloud servers, file servers, networks, and more makes complete sense. Having one identity to securely connect a user to the IT resources they need regardless of location, platform, protocol, and provider is exactly what modern IT organizations are looking for. The good news is that they don't have to look any further because JumpCloud® Directory-as-a-Service® has recently emerged and comes standard with this kind of approach.
JumpCloud goes beyond unified access management for on-prem applications by connecting with resources regardless of where they are, who they're from, what protocol they leverage, and what platform they are based on. We refer to this concept as True Single Sign-On™, which is a unique concept of the JumpCloud platform. This independent approach makes it possible to truly provide users with one set of credentials that will authenticate users to all of their IT resources.
If you would like to dig in deeper on the cloud identity management solution that delivers unified access management for on-prem applications, cloud applications, systems, files, and networks, drop us a note. Ready to start testing our cloud-based directory service? Sign up for a free account, and use your first free ten users (which are free forever) to find out how JumpCloud Directory-as-a-Service can centralize your IT environment.


A single mother-of-two in North Carolina received an amazing Christmas surprise from her coworkers after going from being homeless to moving into her very first home with her children.
Sheree Carter, an employee at a downtown Raleigh Chick-fil-A since October 1, moved into a new home with her two children last week. Prior to her job at Chick-fil-A and her finding her very first house, Carter reportedly lost both of her parents and the father of her children, so in order to provide for her children, ages nine and 15, the mom has been bringing her children to live at various shelters and temporary housing units for some time.
The job at Chick-fil-A came after a lot of hard work and determination, and now that she's moved into a new apartment and gotten on her two feet, her coworkers decided they wanted to make her Christmas special.
Darrena McCulloh, owner of the downtown Raleigh Chick-fil-A, said she and Carter's coworkers were inspired to help her give her children a Christmas they would never forget, so they all pooled together to make their vision a reality. The generous coworkers showed up at Carter's home with furniture, dishes, home goods, and even presents for the 37-year-old's children.
"Just hearing her story and how hard she's worked to provide for her family, we knew it would be the right integrity and ethics that we were looking for to join our team," McCulloh said of hiring Carter back in October.
When asked what she looked forward to the most about her coworkers' gifts, Carter said that seeing her kids' happy faces on Christmas would be the most rewarding.
In addition to purchasing her items for her apartment and gifts for the children, McCulloh and the other coworkers all raised money through her church in order to present the single mom with an envelope full of cash to help the family out even more.


text:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS pcd_fix;
CREATE TABLE pcd_fix AS
	SELECT old_pcd, new_pcd, distance_meters, distance_degrees
	FROM

		(SELECT pcd AS old_pcd, geom
		FROM ons_pd
		WHERE doterm IS NOT NULL
		LIMIT 1000) AS a,

		LATERAL (SELECT pcd AS new_pcd, ST_Distance_Sphere(a.geom, geom) AS distance_meters, ST_Distance(a.geom, geom) AS distance_degrees
		FROM ons_pd
		WHERE
			doterm IS NULL AND
			-- Note that the ST_DWithin condition below is fundamental to run
			-- the query in an acceptable time. The 0.2 degrees below was
			-- determined experimentally using the first 10,000 retired
			-- postcodes as a sample. The query could successfully find a
			-- match for each of the 10,000.
			-- A smaller radius, e.g. 0.1, fails on 0.3% of the sample.
			-- The longest distance found thus far is about 0.151 degrees
			-- (~6 miles).
			ST_DWithin(a.geom, geom, 0.2)
		ORDER BY distance_meters ASC
		LIMIT 1) AS b;


Now in its third edition, the Manga CPO Award is organised by a nonprofit organization that pursues new possibilities for manga and aims to connect the world by creating new content.
Manga Section: Any theme or genre. Manga must be a one-shot story. Max 32 pages (including cover). Must be a completed work (scripts and rough drafts will not be accepted). No designated page order (pages can be ordered from left to right, right to left, or vertically).
Illustration Section: This year the theme is "Journey". Must be in MDP, JPG or PNG format. Maximum File Size: 30 MB.
The submission must not have been published in any commercial magazine or on any commercial website. Entrants are welcome to submit as many times as they like.
Open to anyone worldwide, from pros to amateurs. Teams are also welcome.


text:
#Aging Out Loud…From Generation to Generation
May 26, 2017 | by Renée Markus Hodin | SHARE f t
Alice Hoffman (right) and her activist father, Nelson Cruikshank, who helped create Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Medicare (left). (Courtesy Photo)
During this Older Americans Month, we want to pay tribute to a leader with whom many Health Policy Hub readers may not be familiar: Nelson Cruikshank. Nelson was a longtime leader in the labor movement who was instrumental in creating two of the most important programs for vulnerable older adults and people with disabilities: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Medicare.
Born in 1902, Nelson grew up to become a Methodist minister and, later, a union organizer. After a series of jobs in the federal government – including one setting up camps for migrant farm workers, a program later made famous in John Steinbeck's novel, The Grapes of Wrath – Nelson became director of the AFL-CIO's Department of Social Security. It was there that he worked to forge a political coalition that would go on to help win passage of SSDI legislation in 1956. Nelson then turned his attention to health care. Inspired by the effectiveness of community health clinics in the migrant camps he had established decades earlier, he organized a coalition of health care and senior organizations to push for a medical assistance program for older adults. This coalition took on the powerful American Medical Association, which opposed national health insurance. These efforts culminated in the passage of Medicare in 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson.
Nelson retired from the AFL-CIO soon after the passage of this landmark law, but continued to work on behalf of older Americans and people with disabilities for the next two decades. He served as president of the National Council of Senior Citizens – now known as the Alliance for Retired Americans – an organization formed out of the coalition he had created to urge the passage of Medicare. In 1977, President Carter appointed him as his chief advisor on the aged. In this role, he led successful efforts to preserve Social Security benefits.
I first learned about Nelson from his daughter, Alice Hoffman, who I encountered while making ACA defense phone calls. This serendipitous conversation also led me to learn that Alice is an impressive advocate in her own right. At 86, she lives in Pennsylvania and takes an active role in defending the ACA, including her efforts as a member of the Pennsylvania Health Access Network. Alice recounted a story of a visit to her retirement community from her congressman, who told the audience of older adults that while Medicare and Medicaid were going to undergo drastic changes, they wouldn't have to worry since it "won't affect you." No shrinking violet, Alice immediately stood up and challenged the representative's assumption that older adults don't care about the next generation. Her comment was met by loud applause and cheers from her fellow audience members. More recently, Alice has become very involved in a coalition working to advocate for a single-payer health system, carrying forward her father's vision of achieving high-quality, affordable health care for all.
It was an honor to meet Alice, learn about her father and know that his legacy of advocacy has been passed on to the next generation. She truly embodies the spirit of this year's Older Americans Month theme, powerfully demonstrating what it can mean to "Age Out Loud."
· Posted in: Health System Transformation, Medicare


What should you watch out for in a used RV? Here at Kirkland RV, we carefully screen our used RVs so that we know everything there is to know about what we are selling off our lots. We know what to look for and how to check important aspects of our RVs.
If you're considering purchasing a used RV, or want to know how to keep an eye out for any appliance problems in your current RV, read on for tips on what to look out for in a used RV.
It the mini-fridge working properly? While there is the occasion where this is as easy to fix as popping in a new fuse, that's not often the case. Usually, the fix is not simple and rarely cheap. Control panel electronics can fail, costing upwards of $200. Perhaps the cooling unit gave up the ghost, a repair that is both expensive, and difficult. If the refrigerator goes, you could be writing a check for a couple thousand dollars down the road. At that point, you could be better off simply looking at a different used RV.
This can be as simple as a broken gasket, or as complicated as a damaged condenser fin or coil. Because of the great amount of wear and tear on an air conditioning unit, these can be worn down quickly from improper care combined with overuse. If the previous owner didn't bother to ever clean the filter, you may need to budget for a new AC system in a year or two.
Check to ensure that the oven is working properly. Is there a gassy smell when it's turned on? There could be a leak. Just be sure not to look around with a match or an open flame—the ensuing burst of flames would quickly let you know if there was a leak. Take a peek at the burners. Are they in working order as well?
If an RV wasn't properly winterized, freezing temperatures may have destroyed the plumbing. Damaged water pumps, cracked water lines, or a split in the waste tanks are all expensive fixes that will give you a headache. Carefully check the plumbing before purchasing an RV.
For first time RV owners looking for a good deal, beware of purchasing directly from another RV-owner. Many times the seller will be unaware of problems due to the lack of use of the RV, or will have monetary motives for keeping you in the dark on potential problems. Purchasing through a used RV company will ensure that you know as much as we do about the RV you're considering as a home away from home. Contact us so we can help you find the perfect RV for you.


text:
pursuit of a lasting future
HUSE is a sustainable solutions company in India founded by Sujan Industries in 2021 that is pushing India towards an eco-friendly lifestyle. The company is at the forefront of providing access to revolutionary, sustainable functional products and solutions at an affordable price
at the precipice of calamity
some of the most pressing environmental concerns are a loss of biodiversity, increased air pollution, global warming caused by fossil fuels and a rising sea level. These issues are expected to be exacerbated to a dangerous level soon if no significant attempt is made at recourse.
charging towards a green future
e-mobility has many advantages over gasoline based mobility, such as cheaper long-term costs, easily repairable electric motors, and vehicles that can be serviced remotely through software updates. Expansion of electric transportation helps facilitate sustainable growth as it negates the need for harmful fossil fuel acquisition practices.
eco-friendly practice makes perfect
Most environmental issues can be slowed down through the conscientious adoption of eco-friendly practices such as utilising renewable energy, conservation of ecosystems, reducing emissions, and most importantly, spreading awareness about environmental protection and educating the population about roles they can play in accomplishing it.
let's face the truth
CO2 ppm
no of earths we need
yearly rise in sea level
avg AQI in India
©HUSE 2021
Refund, Returns & Warranty Policy


text:
16 Studies in Human Society (1879)
1602 Criminology (101)
160204 Criminological Theories (14)
Humby, Lauren ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-2805 (2020) Life-course theory and romance. In: Theories of crime through popular culture. Palgrave Macmillan Ltd., Cham, Switzerland, pp. 159-171. ISBN 978-3-030-54433-1
Harmes, Marcus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5104-1967 and Harmes, Barbara ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5599-4204 and Harmes, Meredith (2020) Conclusion [to The Palgrave handbook of incarceration in popular culture]. In: The Palgrave handbook of incarceration in popular culture. Palgrave Macmillan Ltd., Cham, Switzerland, pp. 779-781. ISBN 978-3-030-36058-0
Harmes, Marcus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5104-1967 and Harmes, Barbara ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5599-4204 and Harmes, Meredith (2020) Let's have redemption! Women, religion and sexploitation on screen. In: The Palgrave handbook of incarceration in popular culture. Palgrave Macmillan Ltd., Cham, Switzerland, pp. 699-713. ISBN 978-3-030-36058-0
Phillips, Peter (2014) The economic analysis of lone wolf terrorism. In: Understanding terrorism: a socio-economic perspective. Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development (22). Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, WYorks. United Kingdom, pp. 159-191. ISBN 978-1-78350-827-3
Phillips, Peter J. (2013) In pursuit of the lone wolf terrorist: investigative economics and new horizons for the economic analysis of terrorism. Terrorism, Hot Spots and Conflict-Related Issues. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, NY. United States. ISBN 978-1-62618-988-1
Hemming, Andrew (2011) Reasserting the place of objective tests in criminal responsibility: ending the supremacy of subjective tests. University of Notre Dame Australia Law Review, 13 (1). pp. 69-112. ISSN 1441-9769
Phillips, Peter J. (2011) Terrorist network infiltration, asymmetric information, and quality uncertainty. Journal of Applied Security Research, 6 (3). pp. 339-356. ISSN 1936-1610
Hemming, Andrew (2011) Impermissibly importing the common law into Criminal Codes: Pollock v The Queen. James Cook University Law Review (18). pp. 113-143. ISSN 1321-1072
Hemming, Andrew (2010) Banishing evidence of intoxication in determining whether a defendant acted voluntarily and intentionally. University of Tasmania Law Review, 29 (1). pp. 1-30. ISSN 0082-2108
Gray, Anthony ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-475X (2010) The constitutionality of criminal organisation legislation. Australian Journal of Administrative Law, 17 (4). pp. 213-228. ISSN 1320-7105
Hemming, Andrew (2010) The time has come to tighten the reach of honest claim of right in Australian criminal codes. Newcastle Law Review, 11 (1). pp. 167-207. ISSN 1324-8758
Hemming, Andrew (2008) It's time to abolish diminished responsibility, the coach and horses' defence through criminal responsibility for murder. University of Notre Dame Australia Law Review, 10. pp. 1-35. ISSN 1441-9769
Musgrove, Brian (2006) Dealing with the demon: drugs, history and society. Marcus Boon The road of excess: a history of writers on drugs, Cambridge, Mass, Harvard University Press, 2002 (339 pp). ISBN 0-674-00914-2 [Book review]. Australian Review of Public Affairs. ISSN 1832-1526
Musgrove, Brian (1998) Political dope: John Howard's 'drug war'. Overland, 152. pp. 69-73. ISSN 0030-7416


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Violet Evergarden Season 2: Premiere Date, Characters, Plot
Shiladitya Ray
Violet Evergarden (also known as Vaioretto Evāgāden in Japanese) is a coming-of-age anime television series which is based on a light novel series of the same name. Written by Kana Akatsuki and illustrated by Akiko Takase, the light novel series was first published on December 25, 2015 and it ran till December 26, 2016. A couple of years after the publication of the light novel series Kyoto Animation announced that it would be adapting the light novel series into an anime television series.
Subsequently, Season 1 of Violet Evergarden premiered on January 11, 2018, and was a hit among fans of the source material and new viewers alike. Since then, fans have been waiting to hear news about a second season. Here's everything we know about the prospects of Season 2 thus far.
Violet Evergarden Season 2 Release Date: When will it premiere?
Violet Evergarden season 1, consisting of 13 episodes, released on January 11, 2018, and ran till April 5 of the same year. A couple of months after Season 1 finished airing, an original video animation (OVA) special episode was released on July 4, 2018. Around the same time, it was announced that anime movie based on the show would be made, and that the movie would serve as a sequel to Season 1, despite having a new storyline.
Thus, it would appear that Kyoto Animation is more keen on continuing the story through an anime movie, than through a full-length season. This, of course, puts the possibility of Season 2 at risk, and it could well be that a second season is out of the question. However, we'll be keeping our ears open for news on Season 2 of the show, and we'll update this section if we hear anything about Violet Evergarden season 2 release date.
Meanwhile, a Violet Evergarden movie is scheduled to release on April 24, 2020.
Violet Evergarden English Dub:
For those who like watching anime shows in English, the good news is that Violet Evergarden has an excellent English dub which was made keeping in mind the show's international fanbase. If you want to watch the show in English, you can find dubbed episodes on Netflix.
Read more in anime preview: B: The Beginning
Violet Evergarden Plot:
Violet Evergarden is set in a fictional place and takes place after a massive war known as the Great War. After four long-drawn years of conflict, the Great War finally comes to an end, leaving people in the the continent of Telesis to rebuild their lives. As the years roll by, Telesis also starts to flourish.
In this backdrop, the show follows a former soldier called Violet Evergarden, who had been raised for the sole purpose of obliterating the enemy. After serving valiantly in the war, Violet suffers a major injury in the final leg of the war, and is left hospitalized. After she recovers from her wounds, she has a falling out with her new guardian family, and decides to see what life has to offer on her own. Subsequently, Violet takes up work at the CH Postal company, and by pure chance, comes across the work of amanuenses known as "Auto Memory Dolls", which transcribe people's thoughts and feelings into words on paper. Moved by the work of these amanuenses, Violet decides to start working as an Auto Memory Doll, and owing to her beautiful looks, she soon becomes one of the most popular dolls. Violet's work also takes her on heartwarming adventures and through her work, she hopes to embark on a journey of self-discovery.
Violet Evergarden Characters:
Owing to the format of the show, Violet Evergarden has only one main character, and below we've given you a detailed background on her. Further, we've also given you a brief background on another character who is quite important to the plot of the show.
[WARNING: SPOILERS AHEAD]
Violet Evergarden: The protagonist of the show, Violet is an orphaned child who was raised to become a killing machine during the Great War. When Violet was a child, she was discovered on a deserted island, and when some soldiers tried raping her, she killed them all. However, a high-ranking soldier called Dietfried understood that Violet was different, and took her under his wing. He soon realized that Violet was unable to speak or emote, and could only take orders. Later, Violet was assigned to Major Gilbert during the Great War, and played a huge part in bringing the Great War to an end. A soldier trained to obliterate her enemies, Violet grew up learning only how to take orders, and never learnt to distinguish right from wrong. Of course, owing to her training, Violet was not socialized like most human beings, and is shown to have difficulty in expressing human feelings and emotions. She is also shown to have difficulty in understanding what others are feeling and expressing. Following the war, Violet takes up work at the CH Postal company and becomes an Auto Memory Doll, hoping to understand the nuances of human emotion and expression.
Violet's motivation to become an Auto Memory Doll also stems from her desire to understand the dying words of Gilbert, the only person who showed her a life outside taking orders and killing during the Great War. Determined to improve her understanding of emotion, empathy, and expression, Violet goes about her work as an Auto Memory Doll very diligently, putting in all the effort she can. As far as Violet's personality is concerned, she appears to be an aloof and emotionless person, and her deadpan expressions make it very difficult for others to understand what she is feeling.
Despite appearing to be emotionless, Violet actually experiences emotions but is unable to articulate them owing to her upbringing. However, after she starts work as an Auto Memory Doll, Violet starts to learn the nuances of expression, and gets better at emoting and at conveying her thoughts and emotions to others. As Violet improves, she starts to show more of herself to the world, and is known as a calm and polite person. However, in spite of her desire to be polite to everyone, Violet never backs down from voicing her opinion and can be very blunt when she wants to be. Owing to the fact that Violet meets various clients with varying needs, she also becomes adept at understanding a range of emotions, and is shown to be a compassionate and patient listener.
Gilbert Bougainvillea: Although not a main character, Gilbert is an extremely important character in the show. A major in the Leidenschaftlich army, Gilbert played a major part in the Great War and was Violet's commanding officer. While most others in the army treated Violet as a tool for destroying the enemy, Gilbert treated her like a human being, and showed her that a world existed outside the death and destruction of war. Further, it was also Gilbert who taught Violet to talk, and gave her the name "Violet". Understandably, the two shared a special bond. In the final stages of the war, Gilbert's unit was tasked with attacking the enemy headquarters, and although they succeeded, the unit suffered heavy casualties. Gilbert was one of the people who got grievously injured in the attack. Despite Violet's attempts to rescue him, Gilbert ordered her to retreat, and they parted ways with Gilbert telling her how much he loved her.
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