text:
Immune Fitness: working towards a resilient immune system
A resilient immune system has a positive effect on lifelong health
Immune fitness is a state where an individual's immune system is resilient, having an inbuilt capacity to adapt to challenges by establishing, maintaining and regulating an appropriate immune response. Resilience is the capacity of the immune system to return to homeostasis – a healthy state of wellbeing – after an external challenge.
An appropriate response of the immune system is to eliminate a harmful agent, such as bacteria and viruses, but tolerate harmless ones, like food. This immune response should be of an optimal strength: not too weak, which will increase the risk of infections, or too strong, potentially resulting in allergy, chronic inflammation, or autoimmune disorders.
Immune fitness is refers to a resilient immune system, with an inbuilt capacity to adapt to challenges by establishing, maintaining and regulating an appropriate immune response
The immune system has influence over most of our physiological functions and so factors that impact our immune development can also have an impact on our health, both in the long and short term.
• Short-term: our immune system is responsible for tolerating foods and other non-harmful stimuli such as pollen and dust. When our body overreacts to such stimuli, it is an early sign of inflammation, or poor immune fitness. Those suffering from allergic reactions now count for 30-40% of the world's population1,contributing to the epidemic in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Cow's milk allergy is the leading cause of food allergy in infants and young children, with an incidence of around 5%.2
• Long-term: having an allergy early in life predisposes a person to having other, secondary allergies later in life (the 'allergic march'). Allergies and other NCDs (e.g. obesity, diabetes, cancer) have in common an underlying low-grade inflammation3 and our immune systems will influence their development.4,5 A fit immune system is more able to cope with external factors and so can protect the body against the development of NCDs.
What contributes to Immune Fitness?
Early life presents a unique window of opportunity to influence the development of the immune system, including training it to elicit the appropriate immune response to external stimuli.
As well as family history, there are a number of external factors related to modern life that can challenge the developing immune system by causing a gut microbiota dysbiosis. These include C-section deliveries, overuse of antibiotics, as well as westernised diets and air pollution.
An imbalance of gut microbiota is associated with inappropriate immune responses like allergic diseases, (chronic) inflammation and the development of NCDs.6 Conversely, a healthy gut microbiota is associated with improved health later in life, fewer NCDs, including a reduced risk of allergies and a lower persistence of allergic diseases.7
Nutrition is a key factor in training towards Immune Fitness
Nutrition is one of the most important environmental factors that can positively influence gut microbiota composition and therefore the development of a healthy immune system, which in turn improves immune fitness and optimises future health.8
Nutritional ingredients such as specific pre- and probiotics to can positively influence the immune system directly9 and indirectly via modulation of the gut microbiota9–13 creating the optimal conditions for the immune system to be fit.
Prebiotics already have been shown in multiple clinical studies to have a positive impact on the gut microbiota composition11, 14–19and the immune system 20–23 As an example, in high-risk infants, a six-month intervention with partial hydrolysed protein (pHP) and prebiotics showed a reduced allergenicity by means of reduction in sensitisation marker CM-IgG1. This persisted up to three years, indicating immune training and long term effects of nutritional interventions in early life.24,25
Synbiotics were shown to restore the colonisation of the gut microbiota of infants born by C-section
Synbiotics also have been shown in multiple clinical studies to have a positive impact on the gut microbiota composition and the immune system.26,27, As an example, in infants born by C-section, a 12-week intervention with specific synbiotics (prebiotics + Bifidobacterium breve M-16V) was able to re-establish the delayed colonisation these infants.28
Learn more about the study here.
View References
Pawankar R, et al. WAO White Book on Allergy. 2011, Wisconsin .
Sackesen C, et al. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol, 2011;11(3): 243-48.
Prescott, SL. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2013;131(1): 23-30. .
Calder PC and S Kew. Br J Nutr, 2002;88(S2):S165-S176.
Dietert, RR. Dev Reprod Toxicol, 2014;101(4): 333-40.
Abrahamsson TR, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2012;129(2):434-40. e2.
West CE, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135:3-13.
Lozupone CA, et al. Nature, 2012; 489(7415): 220-30.
Lehmann S, et al. PloS one, 2015;10(7);pe0132304.
Druart, C, et al. Adv Nutr, 2014;5(5):624S-33S.
Wopereis H, et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2014;25(5): 428-38.
Rachid R and Chatila TA. Curr Opin Pediatr, 2016;28(6):748-53.
Muir AB, et al. Allergy, 2016;71(9):1256-63.
Rigo J, et al. Ciencia pediátrika, 2001;21(10):390-96.
Moro G, et al. J Pediatr Gastro Nutr, 2002;34(3):291-95.
Schmelzle, H, et al. 2003;36(3): 343-51.
Rinne MM, et al. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol, 2005;43(1): 59-65. .
Haarman M and Knol J. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2005;71(5):2318-24. .
Wopereis H SK, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2017. Accepted for publication.
Moro G, et al. Arch Dis Child, 2006;91: 814-19. .
Arslanoglu S, et al. J Nutr, 2008;138(6):1091-95.
Scholtens PA, et al. J Nutr, 2008;138(6): 1141-47.
Bruzzese E, et al. Dig Liv Dis, 2006;38:S283-87. .
Boyle R, et al. Allergy, 2016;71: 701-10. .
Boyle R, et al. Clin Transl Allergy, 2015;5(S3): 30.
Abrahamse-Berkeveld, M, et al. J Nutr Sci, 2016;5(e42): 1-13. .
Chatchatee P, et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 2014;58(4):428-37.
Chien CM, et al. Julius Study, jENS. 2015. Budapest.
Allergy, the immune-gut interplay
JULIUS SN: the effect of synbiotics on Caesarean-born infants
Immunology research and expertise


Eighteen months following the experiences of Black and Asian recruits to the British Army, as the racial traditions of centuries are challenged.
Winner of RIMA award TV Factual category, (2001) and shortlisted for the Grierson Social Documentary Award.
Series Producer Roger Mills Umbrella Pictures for C4.
"One of the documentary's many merits, like the rest of the series, contained that vital ingredient, balance. Taking pot shots at great institutions such as the Army is easy, but this series has avoided that trap and instead taken pains to explore the bewildering maze that the Forces find themselves in… at the sublime end of last night's viewing".


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MAMMA'S VISION STATEMENTWe envision a Texas and a country where families and caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorder and other disabilities will have the freedom to legally access organically grown, whole plant, therapeutic cannabis in all its various medicinal forms.
*By definition, organic, whole plant cannabis includes plants with varying, unhindered ratios of CBD:THC, and excludes synthetic, pharmaceutical and genetically modified varieties.
EDUCATING TEXANS ONTHE HEALING POWER OFCANNABISMAMMA'S MISSION STATEMENTMamma exists to educate autism and special needs families about the healing power of therapeutic cannabis as it applies to peoples of all disabilities. We endeavor to work with doctors, caregivers, religious organizations, local and state legislators, and the community at large throughout Texas and the US.
ABOUT US We are parents of children with autism who are interested in legally pursuing medicinal cannabis as a safe, effective and therapeutic treatment option for our chronically ill children. To that end, we are here to advocate for the legalization of therapeutic cannabis, to educate the churches, politicians and the electorate about its many benefits, and to give help and hope to Texans interested its medicinal application. We believe in our right to legally access the God-given plant cannabis in its entirety and in all its various medicinal forms. We advocate qualifying conditions for cannabis therapeutics include a diagnosis of autism and co-morbid conditions.
Mother's Advocating Medical Marijuana for Autism (MAMMA) seeks to educate autism and special needs families about the healing power therapeutic cannabis as it applies to peoples of all disabilities. We endeavor to work with doctors, caregivers, religious organizations, local and state legislators, and the community at large throughout Texas and the US.
Mother's Advocating Medical Marijuana for Autism (MAMMA) is an organization dedicated to promoting the medical use of marijuana for autism. Co-founded in Austin, Texas by parents of autistic children, MAMMA's goal is to educate the health benefits of cannabis therapeutics to help enhance the quality of life for families who have been affected by autism. For more information, please visit MAMMA's Facebook page.
HISTORYMAMMA was founded in March 2014 by mothers with children who have autism. The founders met in a support group for mothers of special needs held at an evangelical bible church in Austin, Tx.
Their antiquated views on medicinal cannabis were challenged when anecdotal evidence from Colorado, California, Washington, and Maine suggested children with epilepsy and autism were being helped with extracts from the plant. Tinctures and oils (many of which are non-psychoactive) were being used to remediate seizures and help children self-regulate, gain focus and language, and make cognitive advances. Preliminary studies from the US, Israel, and Europe lent further credibility to the suggestion that autistic-like behaviors might be related to a gene mutation that interferes with uptake in the endocannabiniod system. After reaching out to mothers around the country and doctors who are dealing directly with autism using cannabis therapeutics to remediate symptoms, the founders of MAMMA decided to take on the enormous challenge of educating the conservative base in Texas. They recognized themselves in the naiveté of those who have yet to understand the science behind medicinal cannabis. MAMMA seeks to unite the special needs community through education about cannabis therapeutics and raising awareness about its many benefits to our most vulnerable population.
SAM - AUTISM, AGE 8Follow the story of Sam, from 2008-2014, as his father uses therapeutic cannabis to overcome his severely aggressive behaviors. As a further update, Sam's father, Steve, kindly replied to AmyLou's email and when asked how Sam was doing had this to say: "Thank you so much for asking. Sam is doing well, he still uses MC a few times/week to help him through rough patches." READ MORE
ANONYMOUS GIRL - SEVERE AUTISM, AGE UNKNOWN"Our daughter was diagnosed with autism," the man said, "but look at her. She's not displaying signs of autism, is she? It's because medical marijuana cured her autism, but the medical establishment and the law are blocking research into it, and we have to hide what it has done for her." Read More
JOEY - SEVERE AUTISM, AGE 10Before medical marijuana Joey was aggressive, and suffering from malnutrition and anorexia. SEE VIDEO
JONAH - AUTISM, SEIZURES, AGE 11Jonah is 11 and diagnosed on the Autism Spectrum. He has a history of seizures, that is his qualifying condition. The last year or so, life has gotten to the point of unbearable. His aggression, stemming mostly from anxiety, was making life at home unsafe. He would have fits of rage that would come from a very minor, or even no reason at all. Physical control would only fuel the fire. My arms were riddled with scratches and bruises from him, bloody noses and lips. His aggression would not stop at us. His self-injury would consist of biting himself, banging his head with hands and objects.
JEFFREY - ADHD, BI-POLAR, VIOLENT RAGES, AGE 7Debbie Jeffries tells her compelling and dramatic story of one family's refusal to give up on a deeply troubled child. Marijuana was used as a medicine to help with ADD and help heal the violent rages of the child. Medical Marijuana was not legal for use in this case at first, but when the judge saw it's effectiveness, cannabis was allowed. Her child said "mommy, my head is not so noisy." 30 minutes after taking the cannabis. SEE VIDEO
JOEL - AUTISM, AGE 7Hello. My name is Josephine, and I have a son, Joel, who is recovering from Autism. My son was diagnosed with severe Autism at 2.5 years old. For the last four years I have done a lot of interventions (Diet, HBOT, Homeopathy, DAN! Protocol) to name a few and while we have come a LONG way we still have some issues that have been slow to improve.
KYLE - AUTISM, SEIZURES, AGE 18Kyle has severe autism. Jimmy said his son Kyle was unresponsive to most medications, and continued to suffer multiple seizures a day with very little change in his behavior.
"I summed up the courage to ask his doctor about medicinal marijuana," Jimmy said. Both parents agree, medicinal marijuana use made for a very positive change in Kyle's life. READ MORE

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Category: Counseling
Reason #10 - Why not??
After everything we have addressed, why wouldn't you reach out for help? We hope you understand that it doesn't have to only be to a counselor. This isn't...
Reason #9 - Feeling numb and disconnected?
Do you feel like you are just blindly walking through life? Do you hear positive things about people around you but can't be excited for them? Do negative thi...
Reason #8 - You are worth it!!
Have you considered going to see a counselor, even just once, but you can't bring yourself to fit it into your schedule or spend the money? Do you always find...
Reason #7 - Dealing with Difficult People
Do you have people in your life that are just exhausting? People that you avoid when you can? People who always find a way to make it all about them? What about...
Reason #6 - Work can be so much better!
Do you have someone at work that just drives you crazy? Do you struggle to stay on task? Do you feel like someone is always trying to make your life more compli...
Reason #5 - Do you have unexplained anger??
Do you find yourself getting mad about things that don't really matter? Are you stewing about things that happened in the past? Do people or things around you...
Reason #4 - Physical Gains to Stability
Do you realize how many physical responses we have to stress? Think back on the last 6 months, have any of these affected you? Headaches, stomach aches, irritab...
Reason #3 - Feeling Unheard???
Do you feel like you say the same things over and over, but nothing ever changes? Do you feel unable to speak up about certain things or confront certain people...
Reason #2 - Your wellness impacts others
Do you feel you have to constantly be on your game, available, pleasant, open, or helpful? Do you feel like saying no more times than you actually do? Do you fe...
Reason #1 - Feeling frustrated??
Are you feeling burned out with your daily routine? Do you find yourself dreaming of how things can be better one day? Are you getting anxious or annoyed for no...


Yes, Cruxshadows finally have a new single.
Some photos from the concert.
it took to shoot their FRONT.
And now, the new single.
And, while you're listening to that, you might want to check out my Sad Puppy and Dragon Award Nominated Novel Honor at Stake by clicking this link. Heh.


If you're a small (or micro) business owner who plans on keeping things this way for the foreseeable future, there's a good chance that setting up as a sole trader will be in your best interest going forward.
When you operate as a sole trader there are a large number of advantages that make it an ideal option for smaller businesses, both when it comes to setting up your business and registering with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), and once you've been trading below a certain threshold for a number of years.
When you're a sole trader you have complete control over the running of your business, both in terms of your daily workload and the strategic decision making that takes place to determine the direction and (potential) growth strategy of your business.
It's a common misconception that when you operate as a sole trader you can't take on staff members. This isn't true; though you're the only entity (person or company) that can have a stake in your business, you can take on staff to help you complete your work. Of course, once you take on more than a couple of staff members you may find that incorporating into a Limited Company (Ltd) is a more tax-efficient alternative for your business.
Sole traders have to complete far less paperwork than those who run (and are thus director of) a Limited Company. As a sole trader you have no annual accounts to prepare, as your income and expenses are simply entered into an annual Self-Assessment tax return, where you'll be required to pay Income Tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs).
If you've not done so already you should consider hiring an accountant as soon as possible, as they'll be able to walk you through the process of registering your business and applying for Self-Assessment in no time, leaving you free to work on making your business a success.
One rarely spoken of advantage of operating as a sole trader rather than as a Limited Company is the fact that you have easy access to the revenue you make. Whether it's paid into a business bank account or your personal account, you can extract this income with ease.
Directors of Limited Companies can only receive the income from their business as a salary, dividend, or loan once your company pays Corporation Tax on it, as the profits your company make are technically owned by your company, not you, a process which slows down your ability to access your income.
There are, of course, several disadvantages of operating as a sole trader compared to operating as a Limited company, many of which we discussed in our recent article on whether you should operate as a sole trader or Limited Company.
To speak with a professional, experienced accountant to discuss whether the advantages of being a sole trader stack up for your business, contact us today on 020 8780 2349 or get in touch with us via our contact page to arrange a complimentary, no obligation meeting.


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Neuroimage. 2017 Mar 1;148:296-304. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.026. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
In vivo detection of microstructural correlates of brain pathology in preclinical and early Alzheimer Disease with magnetic resonance imaging.
Zhao Y1, Raichle ME2, Wen J3, Benzinger TL3, Fagan AM4, Hassenstab J4, Vlassenko AG3, Luo J3, Cairns NJ4, Christensen JJ3, Morris JC4, Yablonskiy DA5.
Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: yablonskiyd@wustl.edu.
Alzheimer disease (AD) affects at least 5 million individuals in the USA alone stimulating an intense search for disease prevention and treatment therapies as well as for diagnostic techniques allowing early identification of AD during a long pre-symptomatic period that can be used for the initiation of prevention trials of disease-modifying therapies in asymptomatic individuals.
Our approach to developing such techniques is based on the Gradient Echo Plural Contrast Imaging (GEPCI) technique that provides quantitative in vivo measurements of several brain-tissue-specific characteristics of the gradient echo MRI signal (GEPCI metrics) that depend on the integrity of brain tissue cellular structure. Preliminary data were obtained from 34 participants selected from the studies of aging and dementia at the Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Washington University in St. Louis. Cognitive status was operationalized with the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. The participants, assessed as cognitively normal (CDR=0; n=23) or with mild AD dementia (CDR=0.5 or 1; n=11) underwent GEPCI MRI, a collection of cognitive performance tests and CSF amyloid (Aβ) biomarker Aβ42. A subset of 19 participants also underwent PET PiB studies to assess their brain Aβ burden. According to the Aβ status, cognitively normal participants were divided into normal (Aβ negative; n=13) and preclinical (Aβ positive; n=10) groups.
GEPCI quantitative measurements demonstrated significant differences between all the groups: normal and preclinical, normal and mild AD, and preclinical and mild AD. GEPCI quantitative metrics characterizing tissue cellular integrity in the hippocampus demonstrated much stronger correlations with psychometric tests than the hippocampal atrophy. Importantly, GEPCI-determined changes in the hippocampal tissue cellular integrity were detected even in the hippocampal areas not affected by the atrophy. Our studies also uncovered strong correlations between GEPCI brain tissue metrics and beta-amyloid (Aβ) burden defined by positron emission tomography (PET) - the current in vivo gold standard for detection of cortical Aβ, thus supporting GEPCI as a potential surrogate marker for Aβ imaging - a known biomarker of early AD. Remarkably, the data show significant correlations not only in the areas of high Aβ accumulation (e.g. precuneus) but also in some areas of medial temporal lobe (e.g. parahippocampal cortex), where Aβ accumulation is relatively low.
We have demonstrated that GEPCI provides a new approach for the in vivo evaluation of AD-related tissue pathology in the preclinical and early symptomatic stages of AD. Since MRI is a widely available technology, the GEPCI surrogate markers of AD pathology have a potential for improving the quality of AD diagnostic, and the evaluation of new disease-modifying therapies.
Alzheimer's disease; Beta-amyloid; GEPCI; MRI; PET; Pathology
Correlation between PET PiB Aβ SUVR (dimensionless) and R2* (s−1) relaxation rate constant obtained in 19 participants. Plots show examples of correlation in several brain regions. Each point represents a single participant. Shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals of the linear fits (solid lines). Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and p values (corrected for multiple comparison using false discovery rate over all cortical regions) are shown in the left upper corners. The surface maps on the right represent r values in all cortical areas. The image segmentation is based on the FreeSurfer software (). The data show significant correlations not only in the areas of high Aβ accumulation (e.g. precuneus) but also in the areas of MTL, such as the parahippocampal cortex and the fusiform cortex. Remarkably, the strongest and most significant correlation exists in the parahippocampal cortex – the area of low Aβ accumulation.
In vivo Detection of Microstructural Correlates of Brain Pathology in Preclinical and Early Alzheimer Disease with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Neuroimage. ;148:296-304.
Upper row represents the surface maps of the slopes (units of sec) of linear regression (coefficient k in ) between regional PET-measured Aβ SUVR and parahippocampal R2* across 19 participants. All regional slopes are positive. The coefficients of the linear regressions are listed in . The second and the last rows represent the averaged cortical mean values of R2* and Aβ SUVR across the same 19 participants. White matter, deep gray matter and ventricles were excluded. The image segmentation is based on the FreeSurfer software ().
Group comparison based on the R2* measurements in the parahippocampal cortex. The bar graph on the left shows significant differences between all participants (independent of CDR) with negative (n = 15, R2* = 16.79 ± 1.40 s−1) and positive (n = 19, R2* = 18.20 ± 1.08 s−1) Aβ status (see definition in the Methods). The bar graph on the right shows significant differences between normal group (CDR = 0, Aβ negative, n=13, R2* = 16.77 ± 1.51 s−1) and preclinical group (CDR = 0, Aβ positive, n = 10, R2* = 18.41 ± 0.84 s−1).
Correlation between cognitive tests performance and hippocampal R2t*. Cognitive measures included Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (Srtfree), Animal Naming (ANIMALS), and Trail making Test Part A completion time (Tma). Note that higher scores on Tma indicate worse performance. Correlations with hippocampal volume are also presented for comparison. Each point represents a single participant (n = 34). Shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals of linear fits (solid lines). Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and p values are shown in the left upper corners.
Examples of images obtained from three participants – 69 year old female representing control group (upper row), 72 year old male representing preclinical AD group (second row) and 69 year old male representing mild AD (CDR = 0.5) group. Thin yellow contours outline hippocampal area determined by FreeSurfer segmentation. In all cases, MPRAGE and GEPCI T1w images show small atrophy progressing from healthy to AD group. Gradually decreased GEPCI R2t* suggest altered tissue integrity even in the preserved hippocampal area.
Bar graphs show the data obtained in the hippocampus of 34 participants. Bars represent mean values and error bars are standard deviations. Data are separated into three groups: Normal, preclinical AD, and mild AD (CDR 0.5 or 1). GEPCI R2t*, and volumes are shown. Also shown is the parameter TCI (tissue content index, ). While R2t* can serve as a surrogate marker of neuronal density/integrity, the TCI can serve as a surrogate marker characterizing a change in the total neuronal content. The results are summarized in .
Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging*
Alzheimer Disease/pathology*
Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
Brain/diagnostic imaging*
Brain/pathology*
Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging
Cognitive Dysfunction/pathology
Echo-Planar Imaging
Hippocampus/diagnostic imaging
Hippocampus/pathology
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Neuropsychological Tests
Parahippocampal Gyrus/diagnostic imaging
Parahippocampal Gyrus/pathology
Positron-Emission Tomography
Prodromal Symptoms
Amyloid beta-Peptides
K23 DK094982/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
P01 AG003991/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
UL1 TR000448/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
R01 AG054513/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
Alzheimer Disease - Genetic Alliance
Alzheimer's Disease - MedlinePlus Health Information


We had a great time with this class before Christmas. There were competitive games on the court and a focus on paddle control with drills. This is a great activity for kids of all ages. It is a mix of tennis and ping pong played on a basketball gym floor. We use a wiffle ball and a wooden paddle to knock the ball back and forth. It will continue the eye hand coordination that anyone may have started to gain from tennis class, and is an activity that improves reflexes and lateral quickness.


Every year on March 17th, celebrations take place in honor of St. Patrick's Day. These celebrations such as parades, wearing the color green, eating the traditional dishes such as Corned Beef and Cabbage, and drinking green beer in Irish pubs have become traditions over the years. Where did these traditions originate from and what do they really represent?
Wherever they came from, they have become annual celebrations throughout the world but especially in the U.S. and Ireland. The origin of St. Patrick's Day, of course, starts with St. Patrick. But who is he and what is his significance that prompted such celebrations?
There are some misconceptions that have been passed down about St. Patrick. To start with, St. Patrick was not even Irish and his name was not even Patrick. His name was actually Maewyn Succat and was born in Wales in the late fourth century A.D. Growing up as a young boy, he was an atheist even though he lived in a Christian family. At the age of 16, a group of Irish raiders came to his village and kidnapped him, taking him back to Ireland and made him a slave. He was in a country where they spoke a language he did not even know so he was quite alone and most assuredly afraid. For the next six years, he was enslaved.
Before his death, he wrote a book called "St. Patrick's Confessio," St. Patrick wrote about his experiences. A lot like the Apostle Paul, he was quite humble and admitted he was a sinner. In his book he explains, how at first, he was determined that one day he would get even with his captors, but as time went by, he changed. He began praying and heard a voice inside of him giving him direction, and through dreams, he was shown what he was to do. One night, either in a dream or in a vision, he saw a boat and the voice told him that he was going to be free and would be going home. The next morning he escaped into the woods, and, while traveling at night to avoid being seen, he walked 200 miles to the seashore. There he saw a boat and, at first, the captain was not going to let him aboard because he could tell he was a runaway slave. Just as he sadly turned to leave, one of the sailors called him over and let him board the ship.
About ten years after he had returned home to Britain, St. Patrick began having dreams of the people he knew in Ireland. The people were calling out to him and he felt very strongly that he was supposed to go back and convert them to Christianity. His family, of course, did not want him to leave. They tried to convince him that his life would be in danger if he returned there, but he didn't care. Upon his return to Ireland, he changed his name to Patrick and began to preach with many being converted. He used symbolism such as the three-leafed clover to explain the Trinity to them. In 1978, the shamrock became Ireland's symbol after the 1798 Irish Rebellion, which is why they began wearing green on their lapels.
The Druids were not happy with St. Patrick's preaching. They were a mystical group who had some unusual beliefs such as worshipping wood, particularly the oak. Not only did he suffer at their hands, but St. Patrick explained how sad he was when he had just baptized a group of young converts, and then the very next day the Druids came in and slaughtered them.
While certain legends and myths evolved, he actually did become legendary. He was looked upon as a saint. Some even said that he drove snakes out of Ireland. Although this most likely did not literally happen, the snakes were probably metaphorical to symbolize evil. Celebrations surrounding the assumed date of his death began taking place sometime during the 17th century.
Green was not really the official color of the Irish. It was actually blue but because the Irish did not want to associate with the color of the British (as that was more associated with English rule), they changed the color to green.
The first actual parade did not even take place in Ireland. It was thought to have started in Boston, Massachusetts in 1736, but recent historians have discovered evidence that has led them to believe it was in 1601 in St. Augustine, Florida.
People celebrate a lot of holidays without really knowing why and even what they are celebrating. It is interesting to go back and take a look at the origins of these traditions and discover new things.


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Kate Upton Attacked Online For 9/11 Tweets
Story from Pop Culture
Everyone Is Hating On Kate Upton For These Tweets & It's Not Okay
Shannon Carlin
Photo: Matt Baron/REX/Shutterstock.
Soon after criticizing the Miami Dolphins for protesting during the national anthem on Sunday, Kate Upton was attacked on Twitter with sexist messages. Upton chose to pay tribute to those who lost their lives on 9/11 on Instagram with a photo of her boyfriend, baseball player Justin Verlander, standing with his hand over his heart during the national anthem. "I choose to stand. Remembering all those who lost their lives 15 years ago on 9/11," she wrote. "Also, the countless who've given their lives defending our freedom here at home. #NeverForget #PatriotDay." But, after the Dolphins chose to take a knee as the national anthem played during their afternoon game, Upton took to Twitter to comment on what she felt was a sign of disrespect. "This is unacceptable. You should be proud to be an American. Especially on 9/11 when we should support each other," she wrote. "Protest & speak ur mind whenever u want but during the 120 secs you should support the people who protect our freedom." She added, "In my opinion, the national anthem is a symbolic song about our country. It represents honoring."
#Repost @justinverlander I choose to stand. Remembering all those who lost their lives 15 years ago on 9/11. Also, the countless who've given their lives defending our freedom here at home. #NeverForget #PatriotDay
A photo posted by Kate Upton (@kateupton) on Sep 11, 2016 at 10:48am PDT
This is unacceptable. You should be proud to be an American. Especially on 9/11 when we should support each other. https://t.co/qFozwaH9Bu
— Kate Upton (@KateUpton) September 11, 2016
Protest&speak ur mind whenever u want but during the 120secs you should support the people who protect our freedom. https://t.co/qFozwaH9Bu
In my opinion, the national anthem is a symbolic song about our country. It represents honoring… https://t.co/lFvg2Nfk0r
Soon after Upton shared that tweet, many started going after her on Twitter. But, instead of commenting on her opinions of the Dolphins and other football players who demonstrated on Sunday, many chose to go after her personally. As Perez Hilton pointed out, many of these messages were sexist. One person wrote, "Kate Upton upset at dolphins players for kneeling. real patriots give the flag respect by sticking it in their teeth," alongside a photo of Upton in a bikini with an American Flag in her mouth. Another person posted a photo of Upton in an American flag bikini writing, "We all know true patriots honor the flag by strapping it to their butthole." Other people chose to body-shame her, writing things like "Kate Upton built like a Samsung charger" and "sentient rectangle Kate Upton can shut all the way up." While there is nothing wrong with disagreeing with Upton's views, shaming her appearance is completely unnecessary and doesn't push this conversation of equality further.
Lol thanks @KateUpton. We all know true patriots honor the flag by strapping it to their butthole. pic.twitter.com/U7lracvpkk
— Rob Fee (@robfee) September 11, 2016
kate upton upset at dolphins players for kneeling. real patriots give the flag respect by sticking it in their teeth pic.twitter.com/qIoOLefYoZ
— Oliver Willis (@owillis) September 12, 2016
Kate Upton built like a Samsung charger.
— scottiebeam (@ScottieBeam) September 11, 2016
sentient rectangle kate upton can shut all the way up
— Deaux (@dstfelix) September 11, 2016
Kate Upton is shaped like a box of Oatmeal Creme Pies.
— Charles Broccoli (@hotterthanjuly) September 12, 2016
Upton chose not comment on these sexist tweets, but would later defend her views on Instagram writing, "Protest all you want and use social media all you want. However, during the nearly two minutes when that song is playing, I believe everyone should put their hands on their heart and be proud of our country for we are all truly blessed." She then tweeted that the players "have every right and SHOULD protest just not during those 2 minutes on 9/11." That they "should stand up for beliefs," but it's "not the time during anthem on 9/11." Upton would then tweet that it would never be acceptable to protest "during our national anthem. Especially on 9/11 #NeverForget."
In my opinion, the national anthem is a symbolic song about our country. It represents honoring the many brave men and women who sacrifice and have sacrificed their lives each and every single day to protect our freedom. Sitting or kneeling down during the national anthem is a disgrace to those people who have served and currently serve our country. Sitting down during the national anthem on September 11th is even more horrific. Protest all you want and use social media all you want. However, during the nearly two minutes when that song is playing, I believe everyone should put their hands on their heart and be proud of our country for we are all truly blessed. Recent history has shown that it is a place where anyone no matter what race or gender has the potential to become President of the United States. We live in the most special place in the world and should be thankful. After the song is over, I would encourage everyone to please use the podium they have, stand up for their beliefs, and make America a better place. The rebuilding of battery park and the freedom tower demonstrates that amazing things can be done in this country when we work together towards a common goal. It is a shame how quickly we have forgotten this as a society. Today we are more divided then ever before. I could never imagine multiple people sitting down during the national anthem on the September 11th anniversary. The lessons of 911 should teach us that if we come together, the world can be a better and more peaceful place #neverforget.
A photo posted by Kate Upton (@kateupton) on Sep 11, 2016 at 4:12pm PDT
Read my Instagram post. They have every right and SHOULD protest just not during those 2minutes on 9/11 https://t.co/ecBMmUifnw
Have every right to protest&should stand up for beliefs.Justice system IS corrupt.Not the time during anthem on 9/11 https://t.co/JH1J9gTusV
Sorry I wasn't clear. Never during our national anthem. Especially on 9/11 #NeverForget https://t.co/UEDIsqbXEr
Kate Upton Dolphins Sexist Tweets
Pop Culture • Entertainment • Kate Upton
written by Shannon Carlin
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I just had a flashback from my days as a camp counselor. Now, while most of you would have imagined me as a counselor for children with special needs, I chose to spend two summers as a counselor for the over-privileged from the Tri-State area. Most of the children I worked with were from incredibly wealthy families. They were shipped off to camp for the entire summer and had to endure the following: blistering heat without A/C, no nanny to entertain them, no housekeeping staff, no personal chef, onslaughts of Japanese beetles, swimming in a lake instead of a temperature controlled private pool, and counselors who grew up poor.
Anyway, my bunk of kids were really very good despite their slightly-spoiled upbringing. My girls worked hard to pass their daily bunk inspection and nearly always won the "cleanest bunk award". I made a deal with them that if they won this award "x-amount of times" then we could walk to the nearest pizza place (two miles away). This appeared to be incentive enough as my girls busted their behinds to win the weekly award.
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Ben is also featured on Icing Smiles website at http://www.icingsmiles.org.
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And won't be too terrified of roosters.
Finally, a post that didn't make me cry like a baby. So glad you're back home and your family is reunited and you're still on the path towards NED! Hopefully, the shots and the antibodies aren't too painful or awful.


Chief Security Officer The Chief Security Officer is called Chief of Security. Her/his duty is to ensure the safety of ship and crew. Some take it as their personal duty to protect the Commanding Officer/Executive Officer on away teams. She/he is also responsible for people under arrest and the safety of guests, liked or not. S/he also is a department head and a member of the senior staff, responsible for all the crew members in her/his department and duty rosters. Security could be called the 24th century police force.
Assistant Chief Security/Tactical Officer The Assistant Chief Security Officer is sometimes called Deputy of Security. S/he assists the Chief of Security in the daily work; in issues regarding Security and any administrative matters. If required the Deputy must be able to take command of the Security department.
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text:
OTT Pay TV Services Expected to Soar to $10 Billion by 2018
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OTT Providers Expanding Relationships with Traditional pay-TV Providers
"OTT providers have seen phenomenal growth over the last couple of years," Heynen continues. "With a combination of wide availability across end devices, user-friendly interfaces, and access to vast content libraries, these providers continue to challenge traditional pay-TV providers. But beyond this approach, OTT providers are now expanding their relationships with traditional pay-TV providers to get their apps and services integrated directly onto consumer set-top boxes (STBs), gaining access to a much larger pool of current pay-TV subscribers."
Pay-TV Market Highlights
Over-the-top (OTT) pay-TV revenue is forecast by Infonetics to grow from $5.8 billion in 2014 to just over $10 billion in 2018
The global pay-TV market totaled $117 billion in the first half of 2014 (1H14), an increase of 3.9 percent from the first half of 2013 (1H13)
Satellite and telco pay-TV service revenue continues to grow, driven by new subscribers and increased average revenue per user (ARPU) in North America and Western Europe
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text:
Q: Difference between \Sexpr and <<>>= I am new to sweave and learning a lot. For the most part \Sexpr works well for simple variables and also calling R functions.
But other times it will fail, I have found that I can get around this using the <<>>= command. I am interested to know what the difference is, and when I should use which one.
For instance:
I can use \Sexpr{parc.name(parc)} but \Sexpr{p_curve.data.points(p_curve.data);} will not work, however the following will work:
<<echo=false,results=tex>>=
            p_curve.data.points(p_curve.data);
@

Where the functions are defined in a seperate file using source("filename.R")
parc.name <- function(code) {
    conn <- connect();
    res <- dbGetQuery(conn, paste("SELECT displayname FROM machinepark WHERE name='", code, "' LIMIT 1", sep=""));
    disconnect(conn);
    res$displayname[1];
}

and
p_curve.data.points <- function(pc_data) {
    rows <- length(pc_data$power);
    for(i in 1:rows){
        cat("(", pc_data$windspeed[i], ",", pc_data$power[i], ")");
    }
}

A: cat is not appropriate in \Sexpr statements.  I believe it tries to run cat on the value returned from evaluating what's inside the \Sexpr; since cat doesn't return a value, \Sexpr doesn't have anything to output.
See the following .Rnw file for examples.
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}

<<>>=
sayhi <- function(k=2) {for(i in 1:k) cat("hi",i,"| ") }
sayhi()
@

But with Sexpr, {\tt sayhi()} prints <\Sexpr{sayhi()}>.

Note that {\tt sayhi()} returns nothing; that's why Sexpr doesn't work.

<<>>=
a <- sayhi()
cat(a)
@

<<>>=
savehi <- function(k=2) {
  out <- c()
  for(i in 1:k) {
    out <- paste(out, "hi", i,"| ")
  }
  out
}
hi <- savehi()
cat(hi)
@

And with Sexpr, {\tt savehi()} prints <\Sexpr{savehi()}>.

\end{document}

Aside from original answer: Another "gotcha" with \Sexpr expressions is trying to use curly brackets.  Curly brackets are not allowed in \Sexpr expressions. Instead do the computation in a hidden code chunk and use the result in an \Sexpr.
See the Sweave manual for details.
Also see this question at stackoverflow.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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With the biting irony of Catch-22, the intellectual vigor of Saul Bellow, and the pathos and humanity that are Kaniuk's hallmarks, Adam Resurrected offers a vision of a modern hell that devastates even as it inches toward redemption.


Their members elect delegates to OFL conventions which are held every two years to set policy and elect leaders.
OFL Conventions are held every two years in November and is the governing body of the Federation. All affiliated unions, their locals and labour councils define the agenda of the labour movement by sending policy resolutions on issues of concern and sending elected delegates to represent them at these conventions. Convention information is mailed to all affiliates in August of convention year.
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Together, these structures of the Ontario Federation of Labour provide multiple ways for members' diverse and regional interests to be represented. This ensures that OFL policies and campaigns reflect the interest of every worker. The OFL staff work tirelessly to implement the will of the membership and provide an invaluable resource to the labour movement.
However, the strength of the labour movement comes from its membership and the OFL Conventions are the highest decision-making body where members debate and decide a wide range of issues, policy papers, campaigns and initiatives.


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text:
package org.apache.camel.component.bean.issues;

import org.apache.camel.BeanScope;
import org.apache.camel.ContextTestSupport;
import org.apache.camel.Exchange;
import org.apache.camel.builder.AdviceWith;
import org.apache.camel.builder.AdviceWithRouteBuilder;
import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
import org.apache.camel.component.mock.MockEndpoint;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

public class BeanThisAdviceWithIssueTest extends ContextTestSupport {

    private static final String ROUTE_ID = "mytest";

    @Override
    public boolean isUseRouteBuilder() {
        return false;
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFire() throws Exception {
        context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
            @Override
            public void configure() throws Exception {
                from("direct:mytest").id(ROUTE_ID).bean(this, "hello", BeanScope.Prototype).to("log:out");
            }

            public void hello(final Exchange exchange) {
            }
        });

        AdviceWith.adviceWith(context.getRouteDefinitions().get(0), context, new AdviceWithRouteBuilder() {
            @Override
            public void configure() throws Exception {
                weaveAddLast().to("mock:extract");
            }
        });

        context.start();

        // given
        final MockEndpoint myMock = getMockEndpoint("mock:extract");

        myMock.expectedMessageCount(1);

        // when
        template.sendBody("direct:mytest", "test");

        // then
        myMock.assertIsSatisfied();
    }
}


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Magellanics have the double black stripe on the upper breast.
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You're looking at my bum, aren't you?
It was a bit strange to see these black-and-white characters against the greens, yellows and pinks of a South American meadow. But this is home to Magellanic penguins- they're Patagonian specialists, and Chile and Argentina have hundreds of thousands of birds. The wind was howling- we were very close to the legendary Strait of Magellan- and the flora looked a lot like that of the alpine meadows I knew and loved back in Alberta.
They bray. Like a donkey. You don't believe me, do you?
Penguins spend most of their lives at sea, and it had been quite something to spot them from the ship a couple of days earlier. Tiny dots in the water, nearly black from above and prostrate like a swimming duck, these birds were a far cry from the skating, scarf-wearing cuties of my TV-watching youth. I couldn't help but remark how tough they must be. These waters are cold, stormy and rough, and there's no shortage of hungry killer whales in the Chilean fjords. A penguin can spend months at sea without stepping onto land. And that presents a conundrum: how do they drink? Water, water everywhere, and all of it salty. Turns out the fish they eat provide a fair bit of moisture, and they get the rest by drinking sea water. Yum. Many sea birds can do this: they have a salt-excreting gland at the base of the bill.
Mom and tot. Well, it could be Dad and tot, too- the sexes are identical.
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This one's a little younger.
They carve out a burrow, she lays two eggs, and the 40-day incubation begins. Like any modern couple, they take turns… but the shifts are up to 20 days long each. One waits while the other fishes: it must be quite a weight-loss program for the one stuck on shore.
Getting ready to jog down to the beach. Well, it's more of a waddle.
And things are getting tougher for these birds. The abundant waters off Patagonia aren't as rich as they once were, and where human fishing pressure is high, penguin numbers plummet. Chile and Argentina seem to be faring better than the Faulklands, where a young penguin's chances are statistically much lower.
Would this be a good time to give a little reminder about eating sustainable seafood? I think so.
At any rate, it was an honour and a privilege to see what real life is like for the penguins of Otway sound. I made a short video of the experience. Enjoy.
Posted in Ports of Call, South America, Wildlife and tagged Chile, colony, cruise, Magellanic, penguin, South America.


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Professor Okyay Kaynak visited Nazarbayev University
Professor Okyay Kaynak visited Nazarbayev University between 2 and 5 October 2016 as a guest of ARMS Lab Director Dr. Atakan Varol. Prof. Kaynak is a Life Fellow of IEEE, UNESCO Chair on Mechatronics at Bogazici University (Turkey), 1000 Plan Professor at Harbin Institute of Technology (China) and the current Editor-in-Chief of the prestigious IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics.
As part of his visit, Professor Kaynak gave a lecture entitled "Intelligent Systems: An Assessment of the Past and the Prospects for the Future" at the Senate Hall to university academic staff and more than a hundred students. Additionally, he participated in a number of meetings with School of Science and Technology faculty and researchers, where various academic, research and administrative topics were discussed in-depth.
During his tour of ARMS Laboratory, he was introduced to the research projects currently carried out by the group. With genuine interest, Prof. Kaynak commented on each work and suggested future development directions and academicians from renowned institutions who might be interested in collaboration. Professor discussed novel directions in the area of intelligent systems and wished best of luck to the members of the ARMS research group.
Dr. Varol commented: "We have been honored for having Prof. Kaynak at Nazarbayev University. This visit is yet another indicator of our expanding recognition in the world robotics research arena. We must work harder to achieve more."


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Kingdom 103: Philadelphia, Its Believers' Characteristics
The Faithful church.
Now, the city of Philadelphia. First let's view the condition of its believers who resided there. The Lord Jesus spoke theses words to His representative John: "And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write,
'These things says He who is holy, He who is true, "He who has the key of David, He who opens and no one shuts, and shuts and no one opens": "I know your works. See, I have set before you an open door, and no one can shut it; for you have a little strength, have kept My word, and have not denied My name. Indeed I will make those of the synagogue of Satan, who say they are Jews and are not, but lie—indeed I will make them come and worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved you. Because you have kept My command to persevere, I also will keep you from the hour of trial which shall come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth. Behold, I am coming quickly! Hold fast what you have, that no one may take your crown. He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple of My God, and he shall go out no more. I will write on him the name of My God and the name of the city of My God, the New Jerusalem, which comes down out of heaven from My God. And I will write on him My new name.
"He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches."'
Philadelphia was founded by the citizens of Pergamos. The community was built in a frontier area as a gateway to the central plateau of Asia Minor. Philadelphia's residents kept barbarians out of the region and brought in Greek culture and language. Please note: the city was destroyed by an earthquake in A.D. 17, and aftershocks kept the people so worried that most of them lived outside the city limits. The name means "brotherly love" and commemorates the loyalty and devotion of Attalus II (220-130 B.C.) to his brother Eumenes II.
Now concerning the key of David: Christ is the Davidic Messiah with authority to control the entrance to the Kingdom. The key of the house of David I will lay on his shoulder; so he shall open, and no one shall shut; and he shall shut, and no one shall open. The Lord Jesus made this statement to Peter: And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven." What door is He speaking of? The door of opportunity or the door to the Kingdom? Well, the context favors the latter--the door of the Kingdom. The synagogue of Satan was a bold metaphor directed against unbelieving and hostile Jews who in essence weren't Jews, but were only claiming to be Jews. Even today we have those in this world system: Those who are claiming to be black Israelites. There is nowhere in God's Constitution where He identified His people by the color of their skin. That is a deception from Satan and his demons meant to bring division among His people. By the way, Jesus rebuked them. Jesus said to them, "If God were your Father, you would love Me, for I proceeded forth and came from God; nor have I come of Myself, but He sent Me. Why do you not understand My speech? Because you are not able to listen to My word. You are of your father the devil, and the desires of your father you want to do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own resources, for he is a liar and the father of it. Even the ambassador Paul addressed the very same situation. For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into apostles of Christ. And no wonder! For Satan himself transforms himself into an angel of light. Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also transform themselves into ministers of righteousness, whose end will be according to their works.
You must understand, the Jewish synagogue was a gathering place for worship, study and communal activities. The ambassador Paul gave some clarification to those who claimed to be Jews from the outside. For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh; but he is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the Spirit, not in the letter; whose praise is not from men but from God. If a Gentile's deeds exceeded those of a Jew in righteousness, that very fact condemned the Jew, who had an immeasurably better set of standards in the law of Moses. The same applies to those who are Kingdom citizens. Our standards are those of our Kingdom culture, not of those of some religious organization. We live and behave by the Word of the living God. His Spirit lives in us. That allows us to be those faithful believers in the Kingdom. Faithful and true to God's Word, no matter what comes against us.
Go to part 2
Revelation 3:7-13 Isaiah 22:22 Matthew 16:19
John 8:42-44 II Corinthians 11:13-15 Romans 2:28-29


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All CDC Search NCHS
For a full list of topics: All A-Z Topics
HIPAA Privacy Rule Questions & Answers for NHAMCS
Q1. Am I required to comply with the HIPAA Privacy Rule?
A1. Health care providers who transmit certain financial and administrative health information electronically have been required to comply with the Rule since April 14, 2003. For example, if you submit claims electronically, you would be required to comply with the Rule.
Q2. Does the Privacy Rule allow me to participate in this survey?
A2. Yes. The Privacy Rule permits you to make disclosures of protected health information without patient authorization for public health purposes and for research that has been approved by an NCHS Ethics Review Board (ERB). This survey meets both of these criteria. Click to see the ERB approval letter pdf icon[PDF – 121 KB] for NHAMCS.
Q3. What is protected health information?
A3. Protected health information includes all medical records and other individually identifiable information used or disclosed by an entity subject to the Privacy Rule. This includes directly identifiable information such as patient names, social security numbers and other information such as race and age that could be used to identify an individual.
Q4. What do I have to do to participate and comply with the Privacy Rule?
A4. There are several things that would assure that you comply with the Rule when participating in the survey. First, the privacy notice that you provide to your patients must indicate that patient information may be disclosed for research or public health purposes. Many of the model notices that have been developed and made available by professional associations provide this language.
Also, we have materials available on our website to assist you in verifying what information you are able to provide that is still in compliance with the requirements of the Privacy Rule. This includes the authority under which NCHS is collecting this information and that the information being collected is the minimum necessary.
Finally, your hospital may need to keep track of disclosures made for this survey. When we perform the abstraction, we will give you a document pdf icon[PDF – 17 KB] that contains the information that you need to keep track of disclosures.
Q5. What is the data use agreement?
A5. It is an agreement that describes how we may use the information that you provide to us. It was developed based on the provision of the Privacy Rule that specified that if certain data elements that are not directly identifiable (referred to as a limited data set) were disclosed for research or public health purposes, these disclosures could be made if the facility providing the data agreed to the elements of the data use agreement pdf icon[PDF – 177 KB] . An advantage of this approach is that, since we do not actually access identifiable information, you are not required to account for these disclosures.
Q6. Is there any other information that I need to assess to assure that my disclosure is authorized under the Privacy Rule?
A6. No. The letter pdf icon[PDF – 32 KB] that your hospital received requesting that your hospital participate in this survey is from the Director of the National Center for Health Statistics, which is part of CDC. The Privacy Rule specifies that your hospital is allowed to disclose information requested for public health purposes to public health agencies such as CDC without patient authorization.
Q7. What demonstrates that you are a public health authority?
A7. The survey is sponsored by the CDC/National Center for Health Statistics. CDC is a public health authority whose mission is to protect the health of the public. The letter pdf icon[PDF – 32 KB] that we sent asking your facility to participate was sent on official CDC/NCHS letterhead and described our authority to conduct this survey. That letter also made clear that the U.S. Census Bureau is acting as our data collection agent. Finally, the Census Bureau representative has an official identification badge.
Q8. Why do we have to account for these disclosures?
A8. Under the Privacy Rule, patients have a right to an accounting of disclosures that have been made of their identifiable information for various purposes, including disclosures for public health and research purposes. We will provide you with the information your hospital needs to account pdf icon[PDF – 17 KB] for the disclosures made as part of this survey.
Q9. Do we need to worry about whether this is the minimum necessary information for the purposes of the project?
A9. No. The Privacy Rule specifies that in providing information to public agencies, such as CDC, you may rely on our representation that the request constitutes the minimum necessary information required. This issue is also considered as part of the NCHS Ethics Review Board (ERB) approval process, and the Privacy Rule specifies that you may rely on the documentation of ERB approval that the information requested is the minimum necessary for the research purpose.
Q10. Do we have to have an Institutional Review Board (IRB) review this research project?
A10. No. For research projects, only one IRB must review the project, and the NCHS Ethics Review Board (ERB) (which has the authority to review such projects under the Regulations for the Protection of Human Subjects) has done so. We have the ERB approval letter pdf icon[PDF – 121 KB] that indicates that a waiver has been approved by an ERB for this survey, and contains the documentation that is required by the Privacy Rule. If you desire, your hospital's IRB may review the project as well.
Q11. What if we want our Institutional Review Board (IRB) to review this project?
A11. Your IRB could verify that the ERB approval letter pdf icon[PDF – 121 KB] we have provided adheres to the requirements of the Privacy Rule, and NHCS could send you a copy of the materials submitted to the ERB.
Q12. Is a business associate contract required for my hospital to disclose protected health information to NCHS for the survey?
A12. No. A business associate contract is needed only when a person or entity is conducting a function or activity to help a provider carry out its health care function. NCHS is not a business associate of the provider. A business associate agreement is not required.
Q13. Where can we find the requirements of the Privacy Rule?
A13. The entire text of the Privacy Rule can be found at the U.S Department of Health & Human Services websiteexternal icon. The following parts of the rule were referred to above:
Disclosures without patient authorization – 45 CFR 164.512
Disclosures for public health activities – 45 CFR 164.512(b)
Disclosures for research purposes – 45 CFR 164.512(i)
Limited data set and data use agreement – 45 CFR 164.514(e)
Verification requirements – 45 CFR 164.514(h)
Privacy notice – 45 CFR 164.520
Accounting of disclosures – 45 CFR 164.528
Minimum necessary requirements – 45 CFR 164.502(b) and 45 CFR 164.514(d)
Page last reviewed: December 12, 2019
Content source: CDC/National Center for Health Statistics
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Bank of Canada lets its geek flag fly with Konami code Easter egg	April 16, 2017 at 4:47 pm
This meme is so cash. No, literally. It directly pertains to fiat currency.
Why is Konami making gambling machines and mobile games instead of AAA games?	September 22, 2015 at 7:30 am
This past year has been incredibly rough for Konami. Now, it seems that Konami is exiting the world of console game development with the single exception of the Pro Evolution Soccer series. Considering that Konami holds the rights to some of the most beloved franchises in gaming history, this is incredibly sad news.
Metal Gear Solid V runs at 60fps on PS4 and Xbox One, dips down to 20fps on last-gen consoles	September 1, 2015 at 3:31 pm
Hideo Kojima's magnum opus, Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain, is out today on the PS4, Xbox One, PS3, Xbox 360, and PC. In spite of all of the Konami drama over the last year, MGSV is no worse for wear. In fact, it's received nigh-on universal praise for both its ambition and gameplay execution. But how do the graphics hold up?
Gaming roundup: GTA V boosts PC digital sales, Konami mostly calls it quits	May 15, 2015 at 9:57 am
There's been a fair bit of gaming news of late, touching on multiple markets, platforms, and companies. We round up the highlights.
GDC 2013: PS4 details, Activision enters the Uncanny Valley, Konami unveils MGS5, and Unreal Engine 4 (updated)	March 29, 2013 at 1:07 pm
The annual Game Developers Conference (GDC) is in full swing at the Moscone Convention Center in San Francisco, and as always there's a flurry of gaming-related news to share. Sony took the opportunity to further discuss the PS4's internals and controllers, Activision is showing off one of the most terrifyingly realistic real-time human face animations, Konami blew the world away by unveiling Metal Gear Solid 5, and of course there's the usual slew of weird/interesting peripherals and indie/art games.


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do you have a job to me?
"We are sorry to inform you that the General Manager of Canadian Specialties has decided to fire you! But don't worry, you can get a new job or you can even buy a company."
So now I don't have a job??
Which means that you are free to apply for a new one.
You can find a better job which pays more? It's okay, once you get a new job you'll be fine.
I had the same problem when I first started out. Employers want someone with their wellness over 80. Then they are more efficient at work. Soon as I was over 80, I kept my job... until my employer didn't have money in their acocunt to pay me... then I quit.
Try to get your wellness up as much as you can so you'll have a better chance of keeping a job.


The Series BNS333 coded-magnet sensors are designed for use as a safety interlock switch on movable machine guards/articulating robot arms. Each sensor set consists of a multiple reed switch unit and a coded-magnet actuator. The reed switches, wired in series, will only close in the presence of their matched magnetic field array. In addition, the BNS333 features an integral monitoring and control circuit which detects faults in the reed switch array (satisfying EN954, Category 1 without use of an ancillary safety circuit monitoring module). Their tamper-resistant design prevents bypassing with a simple magnet or improperly coded magnetic field. In addition, the BNS module features an optional built-in LED display of switch status.


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Perth Festival 5 - 28 February
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Sisonke's Top 5 Summer Reads
This year's summer reads are all about losing yourself in different worlds and different times.
It's been a long and exhausting year. So this year's summer reads are all about losing yourself in different worlds and different times.
In other words, we're letting books sweep us away into alternate times and dimensions. And of course, my favourite reads of the year were all created right here in Western Australia.
1. Death Leaves the Station
This book will have you giggling on the beach as much as it will leave you shaking your head as you follow Ana on the adventures through the wheatbelt.
From hometown hero Alexander Thorpe comes a story that echoes Agatha Christie and Alfred Hitchcock with deadpan Aussie style and a twist of wheatbelt humour.
2. Fauna
A heartfelt and frightening look at what happens in the future when human ingenuity goes too far.
A woman desperate for another child agrees to have her embryo's genes 'edited' using groundbreaking new technology. Little does she know that the procedure carried out by the company called LIFEBLOOD will create a baby that isn't fully human. In spite of the science, the child is fully hers.
This book will grab you by the throat and its a real bonus that its talented author Donna Mazza lives and teaches in Perth.
3. Father of the Lost Boys
A surprisingly funny and heart warming tale of survival.
Tracing the journey of the Lost Boys across four years and thousands of kilometres, Yuot Alaak's moving account of a terrifying chapter of his life.
Be warned – you will cry! But you'll also be in awe of Yuot's capacity to bring to life an incredible cast of characters — including a stray dog that literally saved his life. Now settled in Perth with an engineering job and a view of the city from his high rise office, Yuot is the role-model you never knew you needed.
An unforgettable read.
4. The History of Mischief
A stunning debut novel about Jessie and Kay, sisters who discover an adventure book after their grandmother's death.
The book they find under the floorboards on their gran's house is unlike anything they have ever seen, and it opens up a portal into other worlds. As they begin to realise the power and magic of the book, Jessie is determined to get to the bottom of the truth. Rebecca Higgie is an extraordinary writer and like everyone else on this list, she proves that Perth is more than ok.
5. Smart Ovens for Lonely People
Elizabeth Tan's award-winning latest short story collection that tells stories about a quirky set of characters and uses her trademark inventiveness to add surprising twists at every turn.
Smart Ovens is full of the wit and social commentary readers have come to expect from Tan. As the Sydney Morning Herald notes, Tan has written, "an utterly original book," that will "mess with your mind and make you laugh like a drain." Like so many of the authors featured in this year's Festival, Tan is part of the local writing scene and deservedly packs houses at readings and events.
Lover of non-fiction?
There is Rebecca Giggs' wonderfully written and lyrical Fathoms: The world in the whale, which tells the story of humans and their relationships with whales. A writer for the New Yorker, Science and Nature who grew up in Perth, Rebecca will be here live and in the flesh so read her book and come ask her questions.
I also loved We Can't Say We Didn't Know by Sophie McNeill, an international journalist who's returned her Perth roots to remind us of the world beyond our shores and the responsibility we all have to solve collective problems. And as a new generation of writers emerges I've really enjoyed Maar Bidi: Next-Generation Black Writing, which is edited by Elfie Shiosaki and Linda Martin.
Check out our Literature & Ideas program
5 - 28 February
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