text:
namespace tesseract {

Tesseract::Tesseract()
    : BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_resegment_from_boxes, false,
                  "Take segmentation and labeling from box file",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_resegment_from_line_boxes, false,
                  "Conversion of word/line box file to char box file",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_train_from_boxes, false,
                  "Generate training data from boxed chars", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_make_boxes_from_boxes, false,
                  "Generate more boxes from boxed chars", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_dump_pageseg_images, false,
                  "Dump intermediate images made during page segmentation",
                  this->params()),
      // The default for pageseg_mode is the old behaviour, so as not to
      // upset anything that relies on that.
      INT_MEMBER(
          tessedit_pageseg_mode, PSM_SINGLE_BLOCK,
          "Page seg mode: 0=osd only, 1=auto+osd, 2=auto, 3=col, 4=block,"
          " 5=line, 6=word, 7=char"
          " (Values from PageSegMode enum in publictypes.h)",
          this->params()),
      INT_INIT_MEMBER(tessedit_ocr_engine_mode, tesseract::OEM_TESSERACT_ONLY,
                      "Which OCR engine(s) to run (Tesseract, Cube, both)."
                      " Defaults to loading and running only Tesseract"
                      " (no Cube,no combiner)."
                      " Values from OcrEngineMode enum in tesseractclass.h)",
                      this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(tessedit_char_blacklist, "",
                    "Blacklist of chars not to recognize", this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(tessedit_char_whitelist, "",
                    "Whitelist of chars to recognize", this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(tessedit_char_unblacklist, "",
                    "List of chars to override tessedit_char_blacklist",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_ambigs_training, false,
                  "Perform training for ambiguities", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(pageseg_devanagari_split_strategy,
                 tesseract::ShiroRekhaSplitter::NO_SPLIT,
                 "Whether to use the top-line splitting process for Devanagari "
                 "documents while performing page-segmentation.",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(ocr_devanagari_split_strategy,
                 tesseract::ShiroRekhaSplitter::NO_SPLIT,
                 "Whether to use the top-line splitting process for Devanagari "
                 "documents while performing ocr.",
                 this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(tessedit_write_params_to_file, "",
                    "Write all parameters to the given file.", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_adaption_debug, false,
                  "Generate and print debug"
                  " information for adaption",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(bidi_debug, 0, "Debug level for BiDi", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(applybox_debug, 1, "Debug level", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(applybox_page, 0, "Page number to apply boxes from",
                 this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(applybox_exposure_pattern, ".exp",
                    "Exposure value follows"
                    " this pattern in the image filename. The name of the image"
                    " files are expected to be in the form"
                    " [lang].[fontname].exp[num].tif",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(applybox_learn_chars_and_char_frags_mode, false,
                  "Learn both character fragments (as is done in the"
                  " special low exposure mode) as well as unfragmented"
                  " characters.",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(applybox_learn_ngrams_mode, false,
                  "Each bounding box"
                  " is assumed to contain ngrams. Only learn the ngrams"
                  " whose outlines overlap horizontally.",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_display_outwords, false, "Draw output words",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_dump_choices, false, "Dump char choices",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_timing_debug, false, "Print timing stats",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_fix_fuzzy_spaces, true,
                  "Try to improve fuzzy spaces", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_unrej_any_wd, false,
                  "Don't bother with word plausibility", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_fix_hyphens, true, "Crunch double hyphens?",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_redo_xheight, true, "Check/Correct x-height",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_enable_doc_dict, true,
                  "Add words to the document dictionary", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_debug_fonts, false, "Output font info per char",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_debug_block_rejection, false, "Block and Row stats",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_enable_bigram_correction, true,
                  "Enable correction based on the word bigram dictionary.",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_enable_dict_correction, false,
                  "Enable single word correction based on the dictionary.",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_bigram_debug, 0,
                 "Amount of debug output for bigram correction.",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(enable_noise_removal, true,
                  "Remove and conditionally reassign small outlines when they"
                  " confuse layout analysis, determining diacritics vs noise",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(debug_noise_removal, 0, "Debug reassignment of small outlines",
                 this->params()),
      // Worst (min) certainty, for which a diacritic is allowed to make the
      // base
      // character worse and still be included.
      double_MEMBER(noise_cert_basechar, -8.0,
                    "Hingepoint for base char certainty", this->params()),
      // Worst (min) certainty, for which a non-overlapping diacritic is allowed
      // to make the base character worse and still be included.
      double_MEMBER(noise_cert_disjoint, -1.0,
                    "Hingepoint for disjoint certainty", this->params()),
      // Worst (min) certainty, for which a diacritic is allowed to make a new
      // stand-alone blob.
      double_MEMBER(noise_cert_punc, -3.0,
                    "Threshold for new punc char certainty", this->params()),
      // Factor of certainty margin for adding diacritics to not count as worse.
      double_MEMBER(noise_cert_factor, 0.375,
                    "Scaling on certainty diff from Hingepoint",
                    this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(noise_maxperblob, 8, "Max diacritics to apply to a blob",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(noise_maxperword, 16, "Max diacritics to apply to a word",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(debug_x_ht_level, 0, "Reestimate debug", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(debug_acceptable_wds, false, "Dump word pass/fail chk",
                  this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(chs_leading_punct, "('`\"", "Leading punctuation",
                    this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(chs_trailing_punct1, ").,;:?!", "1st Trailing punctuation",
                    this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(chs_trailing_punct2, ")'`\"", "2nd Trailing punctuation",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(quality_rej_pc, 0.08,
                    "good_quality_doc lte rejection limit", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(quality_blob_pc, 0.0,
                    "good_quality_doc gte good blobs limit", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(quality_outline_pc, 1.0,
                    "good_quality_doc lte outline error limit", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(quality_char_pc, 0.95,
                    "good_quality_doc gte good char limit", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(quality_min_initial_alphas_reqd, 2, "alphas in a good word",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_tess_adaption_mode, 0x27,
                 "Adaptation decision algorithm for tess", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_minimal_rej_pass1, false,
                  "Do minimal rejection on pass 1 output", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_test_adaption, false, "Test adaption criteria",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_matcher_log, false, "Log matcher activity",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_test_adaption_mode, 3,
                 "Adaptation decision algorithm for tess", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(test_pt, false, "Test for point", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(test_pt_x, 99999.99, "xcoord", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(test_pt_y, 99999.99, "ycoord", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(paragraph_debug_level, 0, "Print paragraph debug info.",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(paragraph_text_based, true,
                  "Run paragraph detection on the post-text-recognition "
                  "(more accurate)",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(cube_debug_level, 0, "Print cube debug info.", this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(outlines_odd, "%| ", "Non standard number of outlines",
                    this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(outlines_2, "ij!?%\":;", "Non standard number of outlines",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(docqual_excuse_outline_errs, false,
                  "Allow outline errs in unrejection?", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_good_quality_unrej, true,
                  "Reduce rejection on good docs", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_use_reject_spaces, true, "Reject spaces?",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_reject_doc_percent, 65.00,
                    "%rej allowed before rej whole doc", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_reject_block_percent, 45.00,
                    "%rej allowed before rej whole block", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_reject_row_percent, 40.00,
                    "%rej allowed before rej whole row", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_whole_wd_rej_row_percent, 70.00,
                    "Number of row rejects in whole word rejects"
                    "which prevents whole row rejection",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_preserve_blk_rej_perfect_wds, true,
                  "Only rej partially rejected words in block rejection",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_preserve_row_rej_perfect_wds, true,
                  "Only rej partially rejected words in row rejection",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_dont_blkrej_good_wds, false,
                  "Use word segmentation quality metric", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_dont_rowrej_good_wds, false,
                  "Use word segmentation quality metric", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_preserve_min_wd_len, 2,
                 "Only preserve wds longer than this", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_row_rej_good_docs, true,
                  "Apply row rejection to good docs", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_good_doc_still_rowrej_wd, 1.1,
                    "rej good doc wd if more than this fraction rejected",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_reject_bad_qual_wds, true,
                  "Reject all bad quality wds", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_debug_doc_rejection, false, "Page stats",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_debug_quality_metrics, false,
                  "Output data to debug file", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(bland_unrej, false, "unrej potential with no chekcs",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(quality_rowrej_pc, 1.1,
                    "good_quality_doc gte good char limit", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(unlv_tilde_crunching, true,
                  "Mark v.bad words for tilde crunch", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(hocr_font_info, false, "Add font info to hocr output",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_early_merge_tess_fails, true, "Before word crunch?",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_early_convert_bad_unlv_chs, false,
                  "Take out ~^ early?", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_terrible_rating, 80.0, "crunch rating lt this",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_terrible_garbage, true, "As it says", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_poor_garbage_cert, -9.0,
                    "crunch garbage cert lt this", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_poor_garbage_rate, 60,
                    "crunch garbage rating lt this", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_pot_poor_rate, 40, "POTENTIAL crunch rating lt this",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_pot_poor_cert, -8.0, "POTENTIAL crunch cert lt this",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_pot_garbage, true, "POTENTIAL crunch garbage",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_rating, 60, "POTENTIAL crunch rating lt this",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_cert, -10.0, "POTENTIAL crunch cert lt this",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_min_ht, 0.7, "Del if word ht lt xht x this",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_max_ht, 3.0, "Del if word ht gt xht x this",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_min_width, 3.0,
                    "Del if word width lt xht x this", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_high_word, 1.5,
                    "Del if word gt xht x this above bl", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_del_low_word, 0.5,
                    "Del if word gt xht x this below bl", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(crunch_small_outlines_size, 0.6, "Small if lt xht x this",
                    this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(crunch_rating_max, 10, "For adj length in rating per ch",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(crunch_pot_indicators, 1,
                 "How many potential indicators needed", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_leave_ok_strings, true, "Don't touch sensible strings",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_accept_ok, true, "Use acceptability in okstring",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_leave_accept_strings, false,
                  "Don't pot crunch sensible strings", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(crunch_include_numerals, false, "Fiddle alpha figures",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(crunch_leave_lc_strings, 4,
                 "Don't crunch words with long lower case strings",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(crunch_leave_uc_strings, 4,
                 "Don't crunch words with long lower case strings",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(crunch_long_repetitions, 3,
                 "Crunch words with long repetitions", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(crunch_debug, 0, "As it says", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(fixsp_non_noise_limit, 1,
                 "How many non-noise blbs either side?", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(fixsp_small_outlines_size, 0.28, "Small if lt xht x this",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_prefer_joined_punct, false,
                  "Reward punctation joins", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(fixsp_done_mode, 1, "What constitues done for spacing",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(debug_fix_space_level, 0, "Contextual fixspace debug",
                 this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(numeric_punctuation, ".,",
                    "Punct. chs expected WITHIN numbers", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(x_ht_acceptance_tolerance, 8,
                 "Max allowed deviation of blob top outside of font data",
                 this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(x_ht_min_change, 8,
                 "Min change in xht before actually trying it", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(superscript_debug, 0,
                 "Debug level for sub & superscript fixer", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(
          superscript_worse_certainty, 2.0,
          "How many times worse "
          "certainty does a superscript position glyph need to be for "
          "us to try classifying it as a char with a different "
          "baseline?",
          this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(
          superscript_bettered_certainty, 0.97,
          "What reduction in "
          "badness do we think sufficient to choose a superscript "
          "over what we'd thought.  For example, a value of 0.6 means "
          "we want to reduce badness of certainty by at least 40%",
          this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(superscript_scaledown_ratio, 0.4,
                    "A superscript scaled down more than this is unbelievably "
                    "small.  For example, 0.3 means we expect the font size to "
                    "be no smaller than 30% of the text line font size.",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(subscript_max_y_top, 0.5,
                    "Maximum top of a character measured as a multiple of "
                    "x-height above the baseline for us to reconsider whether "
                    "it's a subscript.",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(superscript_min_y_bottom, 0.3,
                    "Minimum bottom of a character measured as a multiple of "
                    "x-height above the baseline for us to reconsider whether "
                    "it's a superscript.",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_write_block_separators, false,
                  "Write block separators in output", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_write_rep_codes, false, "Write repetition char code",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_write_unlv, false, "Write .unlv output file",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_create_txt, false, "Write .txt output file",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_create_hocr, false, "Write .html hOCR output file",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_create_pdf, false, "Write .pdf output file",
                  this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(unrecognised_char, "|",
                    "Output char for unidentified blobs", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(suspect_level, 99, "Suspect marker level", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(suspect_space_level, 100,
                 "Min suspect level for rejecting spaces", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(suspect_short_words, 2,
                 "Don't suspect dict wds longer than this", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(suspect_constrain_1Il, false, "UNLV keep 1Il chars rejected",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(suspect_rating_per_ch, 999.9, "Don't touch bad rating limit",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(suspect_accept_rating, -999.9, "Accept good rating limit",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_minimal_rejection, false,
                  "Only reject tess failures", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_zero_rejection, false, "Don't reject ANYTHING",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_word_for_word, false,
                  "Make output have exactly one word per WERD", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_zero_kelvin_rejection, false,
                  "Don't reject ANYTHING AT ALL", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_consistent_reps, true,
                  "Force all rep chars the same", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_reject_mode, 0, "Rejection algorithm",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_rejection_debug, false, "Adaption debug",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_flip_0O, true, "Contextual 0O O0 flips",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_lower_flip_hyphen, 1.5,
                    "Aspect ratio dot/hyphen test", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(tessedit_upper_flip_hyphen, 1.8,
                    "Aspect ratio dot/hyphen test", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_trust_doc_dawg, false,
                  "Use DOC dawg in 11l conf. detector", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_1Il_use_dict_word, false, "Use dictword test",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_1Il_trust_permuter_type, true, "Don't double check",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_use_tess_accepted, true, "Individual rejection control",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_use_tess_blanks, true, "Individual rejection control",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_use_good_perm, true, "Individual rejection control",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_use_sensible_wd, false, "Extend permuter check",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(rej_alphas_in_number_perm, false, "Extend permuter check",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(rej_whole_of_mostly_reject_word_fract, 0.85,
                    "if >this fract", this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_image_border, 2, "Rej blbs near image edge limit",
                 this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(ok_repeated_ch_non_alphanum_wds, "-?*\075",
                    "Allow NN to unrej", this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(conflict_set_I_l_1, "Il1[]", "Il1 conflict set",
                    this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(min_sane_x_ht_pixels, 8, "Reject any x-ht lt or eq than this",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_create_boxfile, false, "Output text with boxes",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_page_number, -1,
                 "-1 -> All pages"
                 " , else specifc page to process",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_write_images, false,
                  "Capture the image from the IPE", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(interactive_display_mode, false, "Run interactively?",
                  this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(file_type, ".tif", "Filename extension", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_override_permuter, true, "According to dict_word",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessdata_manager_debug_level, 0,
                 "Debug level for"
                 " TessdataManager functions.",
                 this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(tessedit_load_sublangs, "",
                    "List of languages to load with this one", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(tessedit_use_primary_params_model, false,
                  "In multilingual mode use params model of the"
                  " primary language",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(min_orientation_margin, 7.0,
                    "Min acceptable orientation margin", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(textord_tabfind_show_vlines, false, "Debug line finding",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(textord_use_cjk_fp_model, FALSE, "Use CJK fixed pitch model",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(poly_allow_detailed_fx, false,
                  "Allow feature extractors to see the original outline",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_INIT_MEMBER(tessedit_init_config_only, false,
                       "Only initialize with the config file. Useful if the "
                       "instance is not going to be used for OCR but say only "
                       "for layout analysis.",
                       this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(textord_equation_detect, false, "Turn on equation detector",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(textord_tabfind_vertical_text, true,
                  "Enable vertical detection", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(textord_tabfind_force_vertical_text, false,
                  "Force using vertical text page mode", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(
          textord_tabfind_vertical_text_ratio, 0.5,
          "Fraction of textlines deemed vertical to use vertical page "
          "mode",
          this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(
          textord_tabfind_aligned_gap_fraction, 0.75,
          "Fraction of height used as a minimum gap for aligned blobs.",
          this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_parallelize, 0, "Run in parallel where possible",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(preserve_interword_spaces, false,
                  "Preserve multiple interword spaces", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(include_page_breaks, FALSE,
                  "Include page separator string in output text after each "
                  "image/page.",
                  this->params()),
      STRING_MEMBER(page_separator, "\f",
                    "Page separator (default is form feed control character)",
                    this->params()),

      // The following parameters were deprecated and removed from their
      // original
      // locations. The parameters are temporarily kept here to give Tesseract
      // users a chance to updated their [lang].traineddata and config files
      // without introducing failures during Tesseract initialization.
      // TODO(ocr-team): remove these parameters from the code once we are
      // reasonably sure that Tesseract users have updated their data files.
      //
      // BEGIN DEPRECATED PARAMETERS
      BOOL_MEMBER(textord_tabfind_vertical_horizontal_mix, true,
                  "find horizontal lines such as headers in vertical page mode",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(tessedit_ok_mode, 5, "Acceptance decision algorithm",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_INIT_MEMBER(load_fixed_length_dawgs, true,
                       "Load fixed length dawgs"
                       " (e.g. for non-space delimited languages)",
                       this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(segment_debug, 0, "Debug the whole segmentation process",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(permute_debug, 0, "Debug char permutation process",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(bestrate_pruning_factor, 2.0,
                    "Multiplying factor of"
                    " current best rate to prune other hypotheses",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(permute_script_word, 0,
                  "Turn on word script consistency permuter", this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(segment_segcost_rating, 0,
                  "incorporate segmentation cost in word rating?",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(segment_reward_script, 0.95,
                    "Score multipler for script consistency within a word. "
                    "Being a 'reward' factor, it should be <= 1. "
                    "Smaller value implies bigger reward.",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(permute_fixed_length_dawg, 0,
                  "Turn on fixed-length phrasebook search permuter",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(permute_chartype_word, 0,
                  "Turn on character type (property) consistency permuter",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(segment_reward_chartype, 0.97,
                    "Score multipler for char type consistency within a word. ",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(segment_reward_ngram_best_choice, 0.99,
                    "Score multipler for ngram permuter's best choice"
                    " (only used in the Han script path).",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(ngram_permuter_activated, false,
                  "Activate character-level n-gram-based permuter",
                  this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(permute_only_top, false, "Run only the top choice permuter",
                  this->params()),
      INT_MEMBER(language_model_fixed_length_choices_depth, 3,
                 "Depth of blob choice lists to explore"
                 " when fixed length dawgs are on",
                 this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(use_new_state_cost, FALSE,
                  "use new state cost heuristics for segmentation state"
                  " evaluation",
                  this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(heuristic_segcost_rating_base, 1.25,
                    "base factor for adding segmentation cost into word rating."
                    "It's a multiplying factor, the larger the value above 1, "
                    "the bigger the effect of segmentation cost.",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(heuristic_weight_rating, 1.0,
                    "weight associated with char rating in combined cost of"
                    "state",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(heuristic_weight_width, 1000.0,
                    "weight associated with width evidence in combined cost of"
                    " state",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(heuristic_weight_seamcut, 0.0,
                    "weight associated with seam cut in combined cost of state",
                    this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(heuristic_max_char_wh_ratio, 2.0,
                    "max char width-to-height ratio allowed in segmentation",
                    this->params()),
      BOOL_MEMBER(enable_new_segsearch, true,
                  "Enable new segmentation search path.", this->params()),
      double_MEMBER(segsearch_max_fixed_pitch_char_wh_ratio, 2.0,
                    "Maximum character width-to-height ratio for"
                    " fixed-pitch fonts",
                    this->params()),
      // END DEPRECATED PARAMETERS

      backup_config_file_(NULL),
      pix_binary_(NULL),
      cube_binary_(NULL),
      pix_grey_(NULL),
      pix_thresholds_(NULL),
      source_resolution_(0),
      textord_(this),
      right_to_left_(false),
      scaled_color_(NULL),
      scaled_factor_(-1),
      deskew_(1.0f, 0.0f),
      reskew_(1.0f, 0.0f),
      most_recently_used_(this),
      font_table_size_(0),
#ifndef NO_CUBE_BUILD
      cube_cntxt_(NULL),
      tess_cube_combiner_(NULL),
#endif
      equ_detect_(NULL) {
}

Tesseract::~Tesseract() {
  Clear();
  end_tesseract();
  sub_langs_.delete_data_pointers();
#ifndef NO_CUBE_BUILD
  // Delete cube objects.
  if (cube_cntxt_ != NULL) {
    delete cube_cntxt_;
    cube_cntxt_ = NULL;
  }
  if (tess_cube_combiner_ != NULL) {
    delete tess_cube_combiner_;
    tess_cube_combiner_ = NULL;
  }
#endif
}

void Tesseract::Clear() {
  pixDestroy(&pix_binary_);
  pixDestroy(&cube_binary_);
  pixDestroy(&pix_grey_);
  pixDestroy(&pix_thresholds_);
  pixDestroy(&scaled_color_);
  deskew_ = FCOORD(1.0f, 0.0f);
  reskew_ = FCOORD(1.0f, 0.0f);
  splitter_.Clear();
  scaled_factor_ = -1;
  for (int i = 0; i < sub_langs_.size(); ++i)
    sub_langs_[i]->Clear();
}

void Tesseract::SetEquationDetect(EquationDetect* detector) {
  equ_detect_ = detector;
  equ_detect_->SetLangTesseract(this);
}

// Clear all memory of adaption for this and all subclassifiers.
void Tesseract::ResetAdaptiveClassifier() {
  ResetAdaptiveClassifierInternal();
  for (int i = 0; i < sub_langs_.size(); ++i) {
    sub_langs_[i]->ResetAdaptiveClassifierInternal();
  }
}

// Clear the document dictionary for this and all subclassifiers.
void Tesseract::ResetDocumentDictionary() {
  getDict().ResetDocumentDictionary();
  for (int i = 0; i < sub_langs_.size(); ++i) {
    sub_langs_[i]->getDict().ResetDocumentDictionary();
  }
}

void Tesseract::SetBlackAndWhitelist() {
  // Set the white and blacklists (if any)
  unicharset.set_black_and_whitelist(tessedit_char_blacklist.string(),
                                     tessedit_char_whitelist.string(),
                                     tessedit_char_unblacklist.string());
  // Black and white lists should apply to all loaded classifiers.
  for (int i = 0; i < sub_langs_.size(); ++i) {
    sub_langs_[i]->unicharset.set_black_and_whitelist(
        tessedit_char_blacklist.string(), tessedit_char_whitelist.string(),
        tessedit_char_unblacklist.string());
  }
}

// Perform steps to prepare underlying binary image/other data structures for
// page segmentation.
void Tesseract::PrepareForPageseg() {
  textord_.set_use_cjk_fp_model(textord_use_cjk_fp_model);
  pixDestroy(&cube_binary_);
  cube_binary_ = pixClone(pix_binary());
  // Find the max splitter strategy over all langs.
  ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy max_pageseg_strategy =
      static_cast<ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy>(
      static_cast<inT32>(pageseg_devanagari_split_strategy));
  for (int i = 0; i < sub_langs_.size(); ++i) {
    ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy pageseg_strategy =
        static_cast<ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy>(
        static_cast<inT32>(sub_langs_[i]->pageseg_devanagari_split_strategy));
    if (pageseg_strategy > max_pageseg_strategy)
      max_pageseg_strategy = pageseg_strategy;
    // Clone the cube image to all the sub langs too.
    pixDestroy(&sub_langs_[i]->cube_binary_);
    sub_langs_[i]->cube_binary_ = pixClone(pix_binary());
    pixDestroy(&sub_langs_[i]->pix_binary_);
    sub_langs_[i]->pix_binary_ = pixClone(pix_binary());
  }
  // Perform shiro-rekha (top-line) splitting and replace the current image by
  // the newly splitted image.
  splitter_.set_orig_pix(pix_binary());
  splitter_.set_pageseg_split_strategy(max_pageseg_strategy);
  if (splitter_.Split(true)) {
    ASSERT_HOST(splitter_.splitted_image());
    pixDestroy(&pix_binary_);
    pix_binary_ = pixClone(splitter_.splitted_image());
  }
}

// Perform steps to prepare underlying binary image/other data structures for
// OCR. The current segmentation is required by this method.
// Note that this method resets pix_binary_ to the original binarized image,
// which may be different from the image actually used for OCR depending on the
// value of devanagari_ocr_split_strategy.
void Tesseract::PrepareForTessOCR(BLOCK_LIST* block_list,
                                  Tesseract* osd_tess, OSResults* osr) {
  // Find the max splitter strategy over all langs.
  ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy max_ocr_strategy =
      static_cast<ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy>(
      static_cast<inT32>(ocr_devanagari_split_strategy));
  for (int i = 0; i < sub_langs_.size(); ++i) {
    ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy ocr_strategy =
        static_cast<ShiroRekhaSplitter::SplitStrategy>(
        static_cast<inT32>(sub_langs_[i]->ocr_devanagari_split_strategy));
    if (ocr_strategy > max_ocr_strategy)
      max_ocr_strategy = ocr_strategy;
  }
  // Utilize the segmentation information available.
  splitter_.set_segmentation_block_list(block_list);
  splitter_.set_ocr_split_strategy(max_ocr_strategy);
  // Run the splitter for OCR
  bool split_for_ocr = splitter_.Split(false);
  // Restore pix_binary to the binarized original pix for future reference.
  ASSERT_HOST(splitter_.orig_pix());
  pixDestroy(&pix_binary_);
  pix_binary_ = pixClone(splitter_.orig_pix());
  // If the pageseg and ocr strategies are different, refresh the block list
  // (from the last SegmentImage call) with blobs from the real image to be used
  // for OCR.
  if (splitter_.HasDifferentSplitStrategies()) {
    BLOCK block("", TRUE, 0, 0, 0, 0, pixGetWidth(pix_binary_),
                pixGetHeight(pix_binary_));
    Pix* pix_for_ocr = split_for_ocr ? splitter_.splitted_image() :
        splitter_.orig_pix();
    extract_edges(pix_for_ocr, &block);
    splitter_.RefreshSegmentationWithNewBlobs(block.blob_list());
  }
  // The splitter isn't needed any more after this, so save memory by clearing.
  splitter_.Clear();
}

}  // namespace tesseract

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Delta celebrates 35 years of service to Puerto Vallarta
Delta Air Lines celebrates 35 years of service in Puerto Vallarta and 30 years of service in Mexico City, which is why the airline initiated a joint cooperation agreement (JCA) with Aeroméxico, creating a cross-border alliance between Mexico and the United States.
The service of the airline from the base of Atlanta to Puerto Vallarta goes back to 1982, when Western Airlines began to provide services in that popular resort. After a merger in 1987, Delta expanded its service to Mexico by offering non-stop flights from Los Angeles to six main destinations: Acapulco, Guadalajara, Ixtapa / Zihuatanejo, Mazatlan, Mexico City and Puerto Vallarta, as well as direct flight from Phoenix to Mazatlan. and Puerto Vallarta.
Delta offers seasonal and year-round flights between Puerto Vallarta and major US operations centers. UU in Atlanta, Detroit, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Salt Lake City, Los Angeles and New York-JFK.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
What Would It Mean for AI to Become Conscious?
Singularity Hub 03/31/2019 1,460 words
As artificial intelligence systems take on more tasks and solve more problems, it's hard to say which is rising faster: our interest in them or our fear of them. Futurist Ray Kurzweil famously predicted that "By 2029, computers will have emotional intelligence and be convincing as people."
We don't know how accurate this prediction will turn out to be. Even if it takes more than 10 years, though, is it really possible for machines to become conscious? If the machines Kurzweil describes say they're conscious, does that mean they actually are?
Perhaps a more relevant question at this juncture is: what is consciousness, and how do we replicate it if we don't understand it?
In a panel discussion at South By Southwest titled "How AI Will Design the Human Future," experts from academia and industry discussed these questions and more.
Wait, What Is AI?
Most of AI's recent feats—diagnosing illnesses, participating in debate, writing realistic text—involve machine learning, which uses statistics to find patterns in large datasets then uses those patterns to make predictions. However, "AI" has been used to refer to everything from basic software automation and algorithms to advanced machine learning and deep learning.
"The term 'artificial intelligence' is thrown around constantly and often incorrectly," said Jennifer Strong, a reporter at the Wall Street Journal and host of the podcast "The Future of Everything." Indeed, one study found that 40 percent of European companies that claim to be working on or using AI don't actually use it at all.
Dr. Peter Stone, associate chair of computer science at UT Austin, was the study panel chair on the 2016 One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (or AI100) report. Based out of Stanford University, AI100 is studying and anticipating how AI will impact our work, our cities, and our lives.
"One of the first things we had to do was define AI," Stone said. They defined it as a collection of different technologies inspired by the human brain to be able to perceive their surrounding environment and figure out what actions to take given these inputs.
Modeling on the Unknown
Here's the crazy thing about that definition (and about AI itself): we're essentially trying to re-create the abilities of the human brain without having anything close to a thorough understanding of how the human brain works.
"We're starting to pair our brains with computers, but brains don't understand computers and computers don't understand brains," Stone said. Dr. Heather Berlin, cognitive neuroscientist and professor of psychiatry at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, agreed. "It's still one of the greatest mysteries how this three-pound piece of matter can give us all our subjective experiences, thoughts, and emotions," she said.
This isn't to say we're not making progress; there have been significant neuroscience breakthroughs in recent years. "This has been the stuff of science fiction for a long time, but now there's active work being done in this area," said Amir Husain, CEO and founder of Austin-based AI company Spark Cognition.
Advances in brain-machine interfaces show just how much more we understand the brain now than we did even a few years ago. Neural implants are being used to restore communication or movement capabilities in people who've been impaired by injury or illness. Scientists have been able to transfer signals from the brain to prosthetic limbs and stimulate specific circuits in the brain to treat conditions like Parkinson's, PTSD, and depression.
But much of the brain's inner workings remain a deep, dark mystery—one that will have to be further solved if we're ever to get from narrow AI, which refers to systems that can perform specific tasks and is where the technology stands today, to artificial general intelligence, or systems that possess the same intelligence level and learning capabilities as humans.
The biggest question that arises here, and one that's become a popular theme across stories and films, is if machines achieve human-level general intelligence, does that also mean they'd be conscious?
Wait, What Is Consciousness?
As valuable as the knowledge we've accumulated about the brain is, it seems like nothing more than a collection of disparate facts when we try to put it all together to understand consciousness.
"If you can replace one neuron with a silicon chip that can do the same function, then replace another neuron, and another—at what point are you still you?" Berlin asked. "These systems will be able to pass the Turing test, so we're going to need another concept of how to measure consciousness."
Is consciousness a measurable phenomenon, though? Rather than progressing by degrees or moving through some gray area, isn't it pretty black and white—a being is either conscious or it isn't?
This may be an outmoded way of thinking, according to Berlin. "It used to be that only philosophers could study consciousness, but now we can study it from a scientific perspective," she said. "We can measure changes in neural pathways. It's subjective, but depends on reportability."
She described three levels of consciousness: pure subjective experience ("Look, the sky is blue"), awareness of one's own subjective experience ("Oh, it's me that's seeing the blue sky"), and relating one subjective experience to another ("The blue sky reminds me of a blue ocean").
"These subjective states exist all the way down the animal kingdom. As humans we have a sense of self that gives us another depth to that experience, but it's not necessary for pure sensation," Berlin said.
Husain took this definition a few steps farther. "It's this self-awareness, this idea that I exist separate from everything else and that I can model myself," he said. "Human brains have a wonderful simulator. They can propose a course of action virtually, in their minds, and see how things play out. The ability to include yourself as an actor means you're running a computation on the idea of yourself."
Most of the decisions we make involve envisioning different outcomes, thinking about how each outcome would affect us, and choosing which outcome we'd most prefer.
"Complex tasks you want to achieve in the world are tied to your ability to foresee the future, at least based on some mental model," Husain said. "With that view, I as an AI practitioner don't see a problem implementing that type of consciousness."
Moving Forward Cautiously (But Not too Cautiously)
To be clear, we're nowhere near machines achieving artificial general intelligence or consciousness, and whether a "conscious machine" is possible—not to mention necessary or desirable—is still very much up for debate.
As machine intelligence continues to advance, though, we'll need to walk the line between progress and risk management carefully.
Improving the transparency and explainability of AI systems is one crucial goal AI developers and researchers are zeroing in on. Especially in applications that could mean the difference between life and death, AI shouldn't advance without people being able to trace how it's making decisions and reaching conclusions.
Medicine is a prime example. "There are already advances that could save lives, but they're not being used because they're not trusted by doctors and nurses," said Stone. "We need to make sure there's transparency." Demanding too much transparency would also be a mistake, though, because it will hinder the development of systems that could at best save lives and at worst improve efficiency and free up doctors to have more face time with patients.
Similarly, self-driving cars have great potential to reduce deaths from traffic fatalities. But even though humans cause thousands of deadly crashes every day, we're terrified by the idea of self-driving cars that are anything less than perfect. "If we only accept autonomous cars when there's zero probability of an accident, then we will never accept them," Stone said. "Yet we give 16-year-olds the chance to take a road test with no idea what's going on in their brains."
This brings us back to the fact that, in building tech modeled after the human brain—which has evolved over millions of years—we're working towards an end whose means we don't fully comprehend, be it something as basic as choosing when to brake or accelerate or something as complex as measuring consciousness.
"We shouldn't charge ahead and do things just because we can," Stone said. "The technology can be very powerful, which is exciting, but we have to consider its implications."
Image Credit: agsandrew / Shutterstock.com
By Vanessa Bates Ramirez
This article originally appeared on Singularity Hub, a publication of Singularity University.
Tags: Creative Commons Singularity Hub Vanessa Bates Ramirez
Next: To Be Ethical, AI Must Become Explainable. How Do We Get There?
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Antifreeze Fish Inspire New Cryoprotectants for Human Cells and Tissues


text:
Iowa State Researchers Honored for One of Year's Best Ag Engineering Innovations
AMES, Iowa – A start-up company founded by two Iowa State University researchers is receiving a national honor for an invention named one of 2019's best innovations in agricultural, food and biological engineering and technology.
Manjit Misra and Yuh-Yuan Shyy of ISU's Seed Science Center will receive the award this week for their company, FloMetrix, from the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers at the organization's Agricultural Equipment Technology Conference in Louisville, Kentucky. Each year the organization honors the "AE50," which represent the best innovations in engineering and technology for agricultural, food and biological systems.
Misra and Shyy founded FloMetrix in 2011 and developed a proprietary technology that can measure the flow of bulk materials such as seeds, grains, fertilizers, food and pet food ingredients in real time as they move through an inclined pipeline. The invention is called the Real Time In-Line Inclined Flowmeter, or RIIF.
"It is easier to measure flow when a product is falling vertically, but at an incline, the product slides, making it harder to measure," said Misra, director of the Seed Science Center and professor of agricultural and biosystems engineering.
"That is where our innovation comes in. We recognized there was a technology gap and developed a solution," said Misra. "The real-world applications are for loading trucks, blending seeds, feeding livestock and other uses. It can assess in real time the amount of product being loaded straight into a truck. This can cut loading time by more than half and reduce the potential for fines for overweight trucks.
"When producers load trucks, they go to a platform scale. If it is underloaded, they go back and fill some more. If it is overloaded, they have to take some out," said Misra. "That causes businesses to lose time and money. With the real-time flowmeter, you simply shut it off when you have exactly enough."
"Through our work in the Seed Science Center, we learn about problems directly from farmers and seed producers, analyze those problems and try to figure out a solution," said Shyy, senior engineer at the center. "It is a way for ISU to help the people and businesses of Iowa and the world."
A grant from the Iowa State University Regents Innovation Fund is supporting commercialization of Flowmetrix's solution.
Companies from around the world submit entries to the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers' annual AE50 competition that emphasizes the role of new products and systems in bringing advanced technology to the marketplace. Up to 50 of the best products are chosen by a panel of international engineering experts. The award-winning products are highlighted in a special issue of the society's Resource magazine. The top 10 winners are eligible for the prestigious annual Davidson Prize, an innovation award named for J.B. Davidson, the father of modern agricultural engineering, who organized the world's first agricultural engineering department at Iowa State University in 1905.
About the Seed Science Center
The Seed Science Center at Iowa State University is a center of excellence nationally and internationally in seed research, education, technology transfer and international seed programs.
About the Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department
Since 1905, the Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department at Iowa State University has been a leader in providing engineering solutions to agricultural problems in the United States and the world. The department earned first and second in its category for undergraduate and graduate programs, respectively, in US News and World Report's 2017 national "Best Colleges" rankings.
About the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers is an educational and scientific organization dedicated to the advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food and biological systems. ASABE includes members from more than 100 countries. The organization's annual AE50 awards recognize machines, systems, components, software and services ranked highest in innovation, significant engineering advancement and impact for the markets they serve.
Manjit Misra, Seed Science Center, 515-294-6821, mkmisra@iastate.edu
Yuh Yuan Shyy, Seed Science Center, 515-294-9405, yshyy@iastate.edu
Cynthia Hicks, Seed Science Center, 515-296-5386, cghicks@iastate.edu
Iowa State University researchers Yuh Yuan Shyy, left, and Manjit Misra, with the Real Time In-Line Inclined Flowmeter, an invention developed by their startup company FloMetrix, which is receiving a national AE50 Award from the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Photo by Chris Gannon, Iowa State University.


text:
CricketSoccer
Home Cricket ICC Champions Trophy 2017 – Making an impact will be Bangladesh's target
ICC Champions Trophy 2017 – Making an impact will be Bangladesh's target
Sandipan Banerjee
The upcoming edition of ICC Champions Trophy 2017 in the United Kingdom will be Bangladesh's first outing in this premier One-Day International (ODI) event in over a decade. Since making their debut in this tournament back in 2000 (Back then, the event was known as ICC Knockout Trophy) in Nairobi, the Tigers had featured in three more editions — in 2002, 2004 and 2006, but they failed to make any impact on each occasion.
Having won only once (Against Zimbabwe in 2006 ) out of their eight fixtures of Champions Trophy, Bangladesh are coming into the tournament with a dreadful track record and the challenge will be for this Mashrafe Mortaza-led impressive Bangladesh team to justify their place in the competition ahead of two-time World champions West Indies.
A change of scenario
In 2006, when last time Bangladesh played in Champions Trophy, they were considered as minnows in the cricketing world. However, things have changed drastically for them in these 11 years.
In past couple of years, Bangladesh in white-ball cricket have emerged as one of the most consistent performing units. The Shakibs, the Tamims, the Mushfiqurs, the Sabbirs, the Mahmudullah's, the Mustafizurs have completely changed the face of their country's cricket, especially in the 50-over format.
Bangladesh made their way to the quarter-finals of the last world cup in Downunder and followed it up with back to back ODI series wins against high-quality teams like Pakistan, India and South Africa. These victories provided them important ranking points which opened the door for a qualification in this Champions Trophy after 11 years.
They also made it to the final of Asia cup at home last year, which was played in T20 format. In their recent tour of Sri Lanka the Tigers once again showcased their improved stature, when they drew against the mighty hosts in all three formats.
Currently, the Bangladesh ODI team is ranked number seven in the world. Mortaza's boys are ahead of teams like Pakistan and West Indies in the race for a direct qualification for the 2019 World Cup.
They have a settled squad and it has a nice blend of young and experienced cricketers. Most importantly, every cricketer in this camp know their individual role and they take a lot of pride in their performance on the field.
Thus, no opponent will dare to relax against this team as on a given day, they have all the potentials to beat any team in the word in any condition.
Lack of expectations, an advantage?
In the Champions Trophy, Bangladesh are placed in Group A, alongside host England, current 50-over world champions Australia and runners-up New Zealand and on the English conditions, where spinners are not expected to get much purchase from the track, they will definitely have an upper-hand against the Tigers.
The task will be stiff for Bangladesh to qualify for the semis from this group and expectations from the team will be lesser compared to other tournaments. However, this lack of expectations from fans and media can be work as an advantage for Mortaza and co. This can enable them to play more freely and express themselves on the field. Bangladesh know they have nothing to loss, so they can come up with the fearless brand of cricket — a strategy, which worked for them in the 2015 World Cup.
The big players
If Bangladesh wish to raise a few eyeballs in this tournament, their premier player, Shakib Al Hasan has to come up with some inspiring performances with both bat and ball. Shakib, a veteran of 172 ODIs, is currently rated as the top all-rounder in ICC rankings for all three formats and the team management will eyeing towards him to deliver the goods.
Opener Tamim Iqbal, who has an excellent track record in English conditions, will be another key player for them. As a cricketer, the southpaw has matured a lot from his early reputations as a reckless batsman. The sigh of relief for Bangladesh is that Iqbal is in good form. He hit a brilliant 127 against Sri Lanka in March and currently warming up in for the Champions Trophy at the triangular series in Ireland, with scores of 64*, 23 and 47 in three games. Now time has come for Tamim to convert on the big stage.
In the bowling department, a lot will depend on how Mustafizur shapes up. He has battled through injuries in the recent past year and it has had an effect on his form. But if he can get up to full fitness, Mustafizur will be a huge asset for Bangladesh because of his prowess with both the old and new ball.
A lot at stake
However, more than the result, it will be important, how Bangladesh present themselves on the field. Being competitive against top limited-overs teams like England, Australia and New Zealand in a global event will earn their cricket a lot of respect.
This can even help the Bangladesh cricket administrators to argue for more frequent bilateral fixtures against the best in the business, which this developing team needs badly.
So, quite understandably, a lot will be at stake for Bangladesh, when they will take the field at the Oval in the inaugural game of the ICC Champions Trophy 2017 on June 1.
Watch out for Bangladesh! They can be one of the surprise packages of the tournament.
Shakib Al Hasan
Tamim Iqbal
Previous articleICC Champions Trophy 2017 – Sri Lanka's chances are bleak
Next articleIs Yasir Shah better than Abdul Qadir?
Sandipan is a cricket journalist by profession and admirer of this great sport by nature.
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Tim Kirkman, Product Director at Elcom Technology unpacks what what Customer Experience means for your brand and explores important considerations for customer satisfaction & retention.
Kevin Oliver, Digital Business Expert from Elcom Technology explores the value of ESN for organisations and the various ESN tools that will bring personal productivity behaviours into the workplace.
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text:
PA sports betting hits new record
It has only been two months for online wagering legalized in PA and it has already hit great highs. Only in the second month, the state has seen $59.3 million of bets being placed. In the course, it has displaced betting at physical Sportsbooks as the bettors' use this method of doing business.
The online betting accounted $38.9 million of the total and its two-third of all bets in the state. State operators earned more than $5 million in sports betting revenue per month, although the revenue decreased to $2.8 million when taking into account promotional credits given out by the Sportsbook.
SugarHouse sportsbook PA
SugarHouse revenue are the early leader in online betting. Half of the bets placed at SugarHouse are either its retail or online and account to $26.4 million. The majority of bets take place online, accounting $22 million.
It has only been two months for online wagering legalized in PA and it has already
hit great highs. Only in the second month, the state has seen $59.3 million of bets
being placed. In the course, it has displaced betting at physical Sportsbooks as the
bettors' use this method of doing business.
The online betting accounted $38.9 million of the total and its two-third of all bets
in the state. State operators earned more than $5 million in sports betting
revenue per month, although the revenue decreased to $2.8 million when taking
into account promotional credits given out by the Sportsbook.
SugarHouse revenue are the early leader in online betting. Half of the bets placed
at SugarHouse are either its retail or online and account to $26.4 million. The
majority of bets take place online, accounting $22 million.
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Florida Senator Jeff Brandes is planning to legalize online sports betting
Florida Senators, Jeff Brandes, is planning to change that in the Sunshine State by legalizing sports bets on apps or websites, similar to that of fantasy betting.
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Montana Lottery announce Sports Bet Montana
The Montana Lottery announced that they will name its new sports wagering product after Sports Bet Montana


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Nouba worked hand-in-hand with Iberostar in the launch party for their newest restaurant. For the occasion, Nouba put together a team of dynamic hostesses, mixologists and waiters to make the event unforgettable!
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Russ & Friends Weekend Kickoff - A Fabulous Start To The Weekend!
Russ & Friends Weekend Kickoff is a songwriter's round held at Belcourt Taps in Nashville, Tennessee every Friday night. The showcase is streamed on Facebook Live which means it reaches a worldwide audience. Also, WFMC Jams re-broadcasts the show. The popular pub is a draw for established and emerging artists allowing Russ & Friends to feature hit makers alongside hopefuls.
Russ Lacasse the host.
Russ Lacasse serves in the role of host as well as performer. Starting promptly at five p.m. on December 14, 2018, Russ gave a shout out to Belcourt Taps while welcoming 50 countries to the Music City event. Lacasse puts a different spin on the typical Nashville rounds by showcasing 3 artists who play 4 songs each. He also invites Randy Barnette a well-respected guitarist to add accompaniment to each act. Barnette is a skilled player who has to react in the moment as he just like the audience is hearing the material for the first time.
Russ Lacasse the performer.
The opening slot starred Brandon Lee Casey Brindley, Javelyn Jav on keys and Will Dakota who is from North Dakota. Each performed impressive, original material. Highlights included a winning drinking song from Brandon entitled "Johnny, Jack & James." A truthful holiday tune by Will about re-gifting struck a chord with a FB listener who inquired if they could perform the track with credit going to the writers. Javelyn also shared a song inspired by the season that addressed loneliness and the need for love.
Javelyn from Los Angeles made her Nashville debut.
The 6-7 p.m. part of the program featured Bill Roemer, Isaac Slutzky and Russ Lacasse. Like the previous trio these artists were proficient on their instruments as they imparted insightful stories that were engaging and punctuated by Randy's fine fret work. As emcee, Lacasse mentioned that Russ & Friends Weekend Kickoff is already past 30 weeks so it is a well-established event that gives newcomers a good opportunity to collaborate, network and be heard while more established artists may discover someone to co-write with.
Brandon Lee Casey Brindley was outlaw country with a rocker vibe.
Russ & Friends Weekend Kickoff showcased a wide range of talent on the 14th with plenty more to come in the future. Yet, skills abound at Belcourt Taps. Waiter Kiernan McMullan was called upon to take a break from his duty keeping the patrons happy to take the stage. Kiernan like those who proceeded him was a proficient performer who presented a number of personal and potent songs about life and relationships. When we looked up McMullan on the web we found out that over the past 11 years, Kiernan has shared the stage with Ed Sheeran, Mat Kearney, Dave Mason, John Butler Trio, and many more. This songwriter averages 200 shows per year and was named one of Alternative Press Magazine's "12 Bands You Need To Know" for 2016.
Will Dakota, Bill Roemer, Isaac Slutzky and more.
Belcourt Taps (2117 Belcourt Ave.) is located in the growing Hillsboro Village section of Nashville. The trendy tavern has a fine offering of drinks, food and music. Their diverse menu features a wide selection of local brews paired with a firm commitment to booking some of the best songwriters in Music City thus guaranteeing a great time for both locals and visitors. Showcases such as Russ & Friends Weekend Kickoff is a prime example of the quality artists that have performed at Belcourt Taps.
Kiernan McMullan - even the waiters are world class talent in this town.
Related Links: For more information on MUSIC CITY NASHVILLE and the other organizations mentioned please visit the following links -- Russ Lacasse | Javelyn | Will Dakota | Bill Roemer | Isaac Slutzky | Randy Barnette | Kiernan McMullan | Belcourt Taps


At GMIAU we continue to make the case for Letting More Dubs Children In. Thank you to everyone who has helped spread the message. News that the camp at Grande-Synthe outside Dunkirk was destroyed by a fire in April only demonstrated the urgent need for children to have access to safe and legal routes to protection.
While the scheme was set to offer sanctuary in Britain to 3,000 unaccompanied children, the recent announcement by the immigration minister does mean that the number of unaccompanied children in Europe who will be brought to Britain under the Dubs scheme will be increased from 350 to 480 children.
And our work can make a difference. Since we last wrote to you 4 children we are representing have been granted refugee status!
As part of the campaign we have written about our experiences supporting 40 children from Calais in the North West. We have set out why we believe the UK must protect children from trafficking and exploitation by establishing safe and accessible legal routes to claim asylum in the UK.
We have had messages of support from MPs and councillors, offering to keep up the pressure in parliament and in councils across Greater Manchester. We've also had blogs published by Migrants Rights Network, Asylum Support Housing Advice, Open Democracy and the University of Oxford, helping to get our message out to more people. In May we will be running our second training for local authorities to ensure that children claiming asylum get the support they need to live in safety in the North West.
You can keep speaking up for these vulnerable children. Talk to your MP, prospective parliamentary candidates and Councillors about Letting More Dubs Children In.
You can also donate to GMIAU and help us represent children who have arrived in the UK and can't access legal aid. Click on the 'donate' button or click here for a direct link to our Just Giving Page.


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West Football, Friday, September 22nd
Despite a West touchdown by Senior James Brock in the opening 2 minutes of the game, the Tosa West Trojans lost to the undefeated Pewaukee Pirates 27 – 6 on Friday night, September 22nd.
Hours before the game, players from West were not intimidated by Pewaukee's future Division One Quarterback. When told that Pewaukee's senior T.J Watt was going to UW Madison after his High school career, Junior Niko Lewis replied, "It doesn't matter, we'll hit him anyways."
Unfortunately, big hits were not enough. According to Senior Captain Adam Polivka the hardest opponents were "the Pewaukee linebackers. They brought a lot of pressure to the inside".
"We had never been down the entire season till this game and I feel like coming into the half time we didn't know a way to get out of the slump we were in…they simply out played us," said Polivka.
Now with a 4-1 record the Trojans are more motivated than ever to clutch the playoffs. "We now know what it feels like to lose and I feel like it makes us a stronger family, it united us more than winning could ever do" said West junior Develyn Ferguson.
With a stronger bond then ever and unbounded motivation the Tosa West Trojans will play New Berlin Eisenhower on the 28th at West for a shot at the playoffs.
Reporting and Photos by Brett Clarke


Hurricane Irma, MTV's Siesta Key, the best restaurants in Sarasota and more—here's what you were buzzing about this year, Sarasota.
The storm caused a 2 percent drop in PGT Innovations' net sales during the third quarter of this year.
Caragiulo tracked FPL's progress on his Facebook page.
One year after writing about how a monster storm might affect Sarasota, Robert Bowden feared his story would come true.
The U.S. Small Business Administration is offering disaster loans to businesses, nonprofits and homeowners.
Real estate sales in Sarasota and Manatee counties were down 16.8 percent in September when compared to September 2016.
Insurance companies are expected to pay $6.3 billion of that total.
The Economic Development Corporation of Sarasota County recently created a website to help businesses navigate hurricane recovery assistance options.
Chef Judi reminds us that a cold drink or a batch of homemade cookies can make a huge difference in someone's day when times are tough.
The free access will be offered through Friday, Sept. 22.
Almost 42,000 Florida Power & Light accounts in Manatee County still lack power, while more than 66,000 accounts in Sarasota County remain without power.
In times of crisis, the Nextdoor social media app brings Sarasotans together.


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You are here: Main » California school shooting suspect dies of his injuries, authorities say
California school shooting suspect dies of his injuries, authorities say
by Kelly Saunders	- at November 17, 2019
A 15-year-old suspect wearing all black is being sought by police following a school shooting at Saugus High School in Santa Clarita, California. Hospital officials said the 16-year-old suspect was in grave condition.
The suspect in Thursday's school shooting in Santa Clarita, California, that killed two victims and injured three others died on Friday, a sheriff's office homicide official confirmed to ABC News.
Officials say a 16-year-old girl and a 14-year-old boy were killed in the shooting.
Another wounded teenager was able to return home Friday morning, and two girls - both operated on for gunshot wounds - should be able to leave the hospital in a few days, say medics. A third student was treated and released.
"Our vivacious, funny, loyal, light of our lives, Cinderella, the daughter we always dreamed to have, fiercely strong and lover of all things fashionable - was our best friend, " Muehlberger's parents wrote in a statement on a GoFundMe page established on behalf of the family. Friends said while this boy could be introverted, he had a girlfriend and good social network focused on teammates on the school cross country team.
The suspect had been dropped off at school by his mother, the sheriff said. Three other teens were wounded and are expected to survive.
Should the Lions attempt to sign Colin Kaepernick?
Kaepernick hasn't played in the league since the 2016 season - the same season he first sat during the playing of the anthem. He has contended that teams would not sign him because they wanted to distance themselves from the protests, which U.S.
The shooter did not chase anyone and appeared to randomly target the people around him, Villanueva said. He began firing, cleared the jammed weapon and kept shooting. Origin of gun Arriving at school on his 16th birthday, Berhow pulled a.45 semi-automatic pistol from his backpack in an outdoor courtyard, stood in one place and shot his victims in rapid succession before turning the gun and firing the last bullet into his head.
"We're going to have to go through and finish the investigation to account for all of the firearms and match them up with a source and the relationship with the weapon that we recovered at the scene, " he said.
A clinician and community outreach coordinator with the Barbara Sinatra Children's Center, Araceli Martinez, said it is likely people close to the Saugus High School community are still in shock. With this boy, investigators have found "nothing out of the ordinary".
Most shooters she studied were academically successful and weren't social outcasts.
What pushes most shooters is some kind of loss or disappointment, often recent, followed by the inability to cope with a feeling of being overwhelmed, said Randazzo, a former chief research psychologist at the U.S. Secret Service who is now CEO of a threat-assessments firm.
Berhow's father was an avid hunter who died two years ago.
MRI shows Colts' Jacoby Brissett has MCL sprain
The diagnosis does not come as a surprise, as the Colts suspected following Sunday's game that Brissett's knee injury was minor. Hoyer did as well as could be expected though, and the Colts probably feel good if he has to play this week and beyond.
Adams still 'hurt' Jets listened to trade offers for him
Douglas also showed support for Gase, despite many frustrated fans already calling for the coach to be fired. Adams has 39 combined tackles, five passes defended, and an interception in seven games this season.
Jorge Masvidal gets fans to spar each other during UFC 244 workouts
I'm not gonna bust nobody out, but I feel they need some type of leverage over me to keep me from being the king of the whole s--. Diaz" pay-per-view (PPV) event, going down this Saturday night (Nov. 2, 2019) inside Madison Square Garden in New York City.
Walmart itself already was running early deals before it announced its full plans for the holiday weekend. When it comes to Black Friday tech deals, Lowe's probably isn't the first place that comes to mind.
Spain votes as Catalonia tensions mount
Senior PP official Teodoro Garcia Egea told Onda Cero radio on Monday that Sanchez had not asked his party to do so. That means Spain may face another political stalemate and months more without a stable government.
Courteney Cox shares pic with Matthew Perry soon after about viral photo
Needless to say, the comments were flooded with fans - including the duo's "Friends" costars - losing it over the picture. " Friends " alum Courteney Cox shared a rare picture of herself reuniting with former costar Matthew Perry on Thursday.
Microsoft's Game Streaming Service xCloud to Launch Next Year
Tell Me Why is a new one from Dontnod, makers of Life is unusual starring a pair of twins with some kind of paranormal connection. Microsoft , however, wants customers to know it has learned its lessons from the Xbox One launch and won't repeat them again.
Marvel's What If...? Art Reveals Zombie Captain America And Iron Cap
We will have all the Spider-Man animated shows that we did so they'll be on there under the Marvel banner. Digital TV Research projects Disney + will have more than 100 million subscribers by 2025.
Atalanta vs. Manchester City - Football Match Report
Boss Guardiola selects Ederson in goal, while at the back he goes with Joao Cancelo and Bernard Mendy as full-backs. But then Pep cheekily borrowed the Liverpool manager's words to respond to a "throwaway' jibe about tactical fouls.
Blazers signing Carmelo Anthony to nonguaranteed deal
For his career, the future Hall of Famer has averaged 24.0 points (44.9% shooting) and 6.5 rebounds in 35.8 minutes per game. McCollum attempted to recruit him to the Pacific Northwest.
National Basketball Association approves Clippers' plan to sit Leonard
I always felt positive with the trade and the front office. "I never went in with a negative mindset. That is the bone at the tip of the thumb, above the joint, and it is on Lowry's non-shooting hand.
Svitolina tops Halep, earns semifinal spot in WTA Finals
Momentum shifts Halep and Svitolina, two of the finest movers in the game, have taken turns in beating each other in patches. Elina started confidently, winning three games in a row, but then allowed her opponent to even the score.
United States vaping-related deaths rise to 42, cases of illness to 2,172
Scientists said their study is the first definitive proof that vaping is better for the cardiovascular system than smoking. And they warned that vaping is not safe, merely "less harmful" than smoking.
China Lifts Ban On U.S. Poultry Imports
Trump has said that the USA will substantially increase tariffs on China if the first step of a broader agreement isn't reached. Beijing wants to avoid appearing to accept a deal that looks like too much of a win for the US , according to the report.
Disney Plus has 10 million subscribers after just 24 hours
The service confirmed the problems on Twitter , saying: "The demand for #DisneyPlus has exceeded our highest expectations". The company also flagged off a global record when more than 25 Mn users simultaneously streamed one of the matches.
Donald Trump promises to release transcript of 'important' call with Ukrainian President
Four witnesses are scheduled to testify in public hearings next week: Jennifer Williams, an aide to Vice President Mike Pence; Lt. He also raised concerns about an alleged "campaign of lies " being disseminated by Giuliani.
Health of America's youth a priority in vaping debate
The cases were reported to the CDC from 49 states, (all except Alaska), the District of Columbia, and one US territory. So far this year, vaping-related lung injury has sickened 2,051 people across the USA and been tied to 40 deaths.
Planet Mercury passes across the face of the Sun
A transit can only take place when the Earth, Mercury and the Sun are exactly in line in three dimensions. Mercury's transit of the Sun is the ideal opportunity for astronomers to catch a glimpse of the planet.
Indian court hands disputed site to Hindus; Muslim group unhappy
Expressing surprise over the ruling, he said that "it is a matter of concern that evidences have not been proved". It did not, however, determine whether or not a Hindu temple was demolished to build the Babri mosque.
Target Black Friday Preview Sale
Target shoppers will have access to some of the Black Friday sale items during the event that will last all day both days. Target stores will open at 5 p.m. on Thursday, November 28 and will remain open until 1 a.m. on Friday, November 29.
Vanna White hosts 'Wheel of Fortune' after Sajak has surgery
White joined the show in 1982 and the duo have been closely identified with the show for decades. " Wheel of Fortune " tweeted that Sajak's surgery was "successful".
First impeachment transcripts go public as White House blocks testimony
Trump later clarified, "Whenever we need ... a vote, he's so incredible, and he's become a really good friend". Some of the president's allies are also now openly speculating on the identity of the whistleblower.
Manchester City boss Pep Guardiola ducks and dives over Sadio Mane row
Premier League table-toppers Liverpool could extend their lead over City to nine points with victory on Merseyside. Man City take on Liverpool in a clash between the top two teams in the Premier League .
United States begins process of withdrawing from Paris climate deal
To make the withdrawal even more politically fraught, the decision will take effect the day after the 2020 presidential election. The formal submission to withdraw from the decision was quickly met with condemnation from organizations and politicians.
Google to roll out free Google Play rewards program in the US
During the opening week, for instance, every user can earn three times more points than the usual points on each item bought. Google has said that a new reward programme for Play Store users would be rolling out in the United States.
Trezeguet speaks after his first Premier League goal
Aston Villa boss Dean Smith believes referees' authority is being challenged by VAR. The EPL's all-time top goalscorer said on the BBC: "Good teams keep going".
Adobe announces suite of updates to Photoshop, Lightroom
Photoshop Camera even has lenses created by Billie Eilish to truly jump on the zeitgeist. One year after Adobe announced Photoshop for iPad , the app is finally available.
Bharti Airtel Shares Spike Over 8% After Q2 Results
American Islamic State suspect 'stranded on Turkey border'
Hong Kong Police Shoot Protesters at Close Range
How Kim, Khloe & Kourtney Kardashian Celebrated Their 2019 People's Choice Awards Win
Trump to release transcript of a second call with Zelensky 'probably' Tuesday
800 mammoth bones unearthed in Mexico
Donald Trump must pay two million dollars over charitable foundation 'misuse'
'Vaping illness' definitively linked to Vitamin E in bootleg THC vapes
READ: Testimony Of William Taylor, Acting U.S. Envoy To Ukraine
Trump dealt loss with Democratic gains in deep-red states
Airline says Dutch plane alert was false alarm
Microsoft Office app combines Word, Excel and PowerPoint into one app
Judge Blocks Trump's Health Insurance Requirement For Immigrants
Naomi Osaka pulls out of WTA Finals with shoulder injury
EA Returns to Steam, Starting With New Star Wars Game
As Warren-Sanders spat intensifies, liberal grassroots groups seek to calm tensions
Niger sacks military chiefs after deadly jihadist attack
Haftar Agrees to Take Part in Berlin Conference on Libya - LNA Official
Violent clashes continue in Lebanon over finance woes, fractured government
More than 80 Soldiers Killed in Yemen Missile, Drone Attack
U.S. airports begin screening against China's mysterious SARS-like virus
Will probe possible surveillance of Ukraine envoy: Pompeo
Russian prime minister submits resignation to Putin


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Star Sport Podcast
Fitzgerald confirms Rena Buckley will be absent for 2018 campaign
By Southern Star Team
Rena Buckley won't be involved with the Cork ladies footballers this season.
BY EMMA DUFFY
CORK's ladies footballers will be without the services of dual star Rena Buckley again this year, manager Ephie Fitzgerald has confirmed.
The 18-time All-Ireland senior champion opted to concentrate solely on the camogie set-up last year as she was named captain.
In September, she steered Paudie Murray's charges to glory and collected a remarkable 18th All-Ireland medal – her seventh camogie Celtic Cross – and became the most decorated player in Gaelic games.
Buckley is yet to feature for the camogie side this year and has passed on captaincy duties to goalkeeper Aoife Murray.
And Fitzgerald confirmed that she won't feature for the footballers in 2018.
'I was hoping Rena would come back but no, she's not,' he said on the 2018 TG4 Ladies Football All-Star Tour in Bangkok.
'You'd nearly be frightened to look at how many we've lost, but are still very competitive.
'The changeover happened very dramatically in that lots went together. Vera Foley is huge loss, Deirdre (O'Reilly), the list goes on and on and on.'
2016 senior Players' Player of the Year Bríd Stack's inter-county future is still uncertain, the All-Ireland winning manager continued.
'She's not retired, she's had a lot of injuries,' he said of the 11-time All-Ireland champion.
'Likewise, with all of the girls, I was hoping maybe we'd get one or two back but it's up to them really.
'I don't push that. I wouldn't ask if Bríd wants to come back, she knows she's welcome. I've told her that several times.
'Bríd has got married now and she has other commitments, she started up her own business so there's an awful lot going on for her.'
Hamilton High School in uncharted territory as footballers target Munster final
Olympic champs Fintan McCarthy and Paul O'Donovan in the running for World Rowing award
New captain Davis wants Rossas to rise again this season


Three pivotal clinical trials assessing ixekizumab report that the drug is highly effective in treating moderate to severe psoriasis in a majority of patients. The findings, which led to the drug's approval, are detailed in the study "Phase 3 Trials of Ixekizumab in Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis," published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Psoriasis affects between 2 percent to 4 percent of the population worldwide, and is believed to be caused by abnormal production of skin cells at accelerated rates, resulting in red skin patches. In addition to the itchy skin, psoriasis is linked to increased risk of depression, arthritis, lymphomas, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
Several treatment options are available to relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of complications of psoriasis including ixekizumab. Developed by Eli Lilly and recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since the completion of these trials, ixekizumab (brand name, Taltz) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the pathway promoting the development of psoriasis.
The trials included a total of 3,736 adult patients with moderate to severe psoriasis from 21 countries and were conducted at over 100 sites. Patients were randomly assigned to either receive injections of varying doses of ixekizumab or to placebo for slightly more than one year. Their endpoints were the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab over time, evaluated by comparing changes in symptom severity with respect to placebo.
After 12 weeks of treatment, results showed that between 76.4 percent and 81.8 percent of the psoriasis patients had "clear" or "minimal" disease compared with only 3.2 percent of those on placebo. Moreover, the majority of patients (68.7 to 78.3 percent) maintained their "clear" or "minimal" disease status at week 60 of treatment.
Reported side effects in patients receiving ixekizumab included reduced white blood cell counts, yeast infection, and inflammatory bowel disease when compared to the placebo group. For these reasons, monitoring is needed for patients taking the drug for more than 60 weeks.
Tagged adverse events, autoimmune disease, clinical trials, drug efficacy, drug safety, ixekizumab, Psoriasis.


The Students' Union manages a 25-place nursery for children aged three months to five years.
The nursery offers excellent care and learning provisions for children in a warm and nurturing environment, with 25 places available. The nursery staff are highly qualified and extremely experienced in early years practice. We are open 43 weeks per year, closing for two weeks over Christmas and Easter and for four weeks in August, plus three training days. The entrance to the nursery is to the rear of the house, via the main College forecourt.
Nursery staff work in accordance with the Early Years Foundation Stage Framework (EYFS) which incorporates the importance of parent partnership and valuing each child's individual needs, interests and abilities. Children learn and play indoors and outdoors, daily. We believe that children learn best through play by experimenting, experiencing, imagining and investigating through quality provision.


Like J, though, I think that most of the short fiction currently being written in literary journals is garbage. Many times I've opened up a literary journal to find one after slice-of-life story that isn't just boring, but relentlessly bleak and overly conscious of its own seriousness, miserable people writing on and on about being miserable. I think one of the reasons George Saunders has been so successful in the form is because he dares to write things that are actually funny. (I have my own reservations about Saunders, but the man is undeniably humorous and his stories are fun to read.) Which is why most of my short story reading these days is devoted to collections by authors I already know, anthologies edited by people I've heard of, or a handful of higher-quality magazines I read from time to time (if none of them religiously). All of the magazines, though, often suffer from J's complaint, full of the amateurish scribblings of people who don't really care about the form, who only care about breaking in, or getting an agent, or getting into grad school. That is to say, J isn't wrong, exactly, but he just hasn't looked closely enough to see the whole picture.
And what I've discovered from reading lots and lots of short stories, is that there is a distinct cadre of people doing work I find really interesting in the form, a cadre that mostly shows up in the same sorts of anthologies. Their names include Kelly Link, first and foremost, Jeffrey Ford, Brian Evenson, Austin Bunn, Jeff VanderMeer, Matt Cheney and Elizabeth Hand. (Throw in Michael Chabon, Aimee Bender and Jonathan Lethem, who are sort of like special guests to this group, and few people like the amazing Jim Shephard, who usually appear in other venues entirely.) These, I suppose, are the type of people J "is not talking about" when he complains about short stories, but then why write "I hate short stories" instead of "I hate short stories by amateurish hacks with no real love of the form" (which is, I admit, a bit wordier).
To be fair, J's feelings about short stories are similar to my feelings about poetry. While there are poets that I like, I have no where near the patience he has for poems or desire to read them. I've even complained that contemporary poetry is all too often a) incomprehensible, b) wearyingly pointless minutia or c) railing against "the man". And there are certainly plenty of people in the poetry magazines trying to get or keep professorships, since it's even more impossible to make a living as a poet than as a short story writer. But, of course, J will tell me there are lots of poets I'm dismissing and hold up Ted Berrigan the way I hold up Kelly Link. Which is to say there's more going on if you're willing to pay attention. In fact, one of the reasons we founded this site was to point people to the things we think they should be paying attention to.


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FAMILY GETS CREDIT FOR SUCCESS IN HER CAREER
School: Orange City Elementary School, third grade
Education and experience: Bachelor of science (Florida State University), master of educational leadership (Nova Southeastern University), 14 years teaching remedial reading classes (second, third, fourth and fifth grade), one year as science teacher on assignment.
Family: Husband, Brian; daughter, Andie; dogs, Buddy T. and Ginger T. (T stands for middle name, Trouble)
Reason for becoming a teacher: "I truly enjoy helping kids reach their goals."
Greatest moment as a teacher: "Seeing how excited my third-grade students were when I was announced this year's Teacher of the Year at Orange City Elementary."
Most embarrassing moment as a teacher: "I was playing kickball with my students. When I kicked the ball, my shoe came off and went flying with the ball."
Least favorite part of teaching: "I would like to have more time in the day to spend with every student in my class. They all love to talk about what goes on in their lives, but with everything we need to complete each day academically, it's hard to be able to hear everything they need to say."
Person you admire most and why: "Oprah Winfrey; she's smart, witty, generous, successful, a friend of many celebrities, and very wealthy."
Favorite movies: "Two of my favorite movies lately are National Treasure and Troy."
Last book you read: Mosaic of Thought, by Ellin Oliver Keene and Susan Zimmerman
Hobbies: "I love to shop, work out and watch the FSU Seminoles win!"
Was there a special teacher you remember? "Yes, my father, Dennis McGarvey (former Deland High teacher). He would bring me to work with him when I was a child (during the days I didn't have school myself). He would show me how things worked in education. When I was in high school, I was able to witness how well he built a rapport with the students. My dad's father and aunt were both teachers as well. The teaching bug runs in the family!"