Manufacturing organizations are increasingly recognizing that the critical IP they have developed in relation to the engineering materials that they use needs to be managed in a comprehensive and cohesive way. In our latest blog post over at #LiveWorx, we look how to more effectively digitalize and then apply this evolving materials information, in order to save time and cost, drive innovation, and reduce risk.
This entry was posted in All about materials, Materials in CAD/PLM and tagged digitalization, GRANTA MI, LiveWorx, PLM on 20th November 2017 by Stephen Warde.
The 2016 Material Intelligence seminar (and associated 5th North European Granta User Group meeting) was hosted by Rolls-Royce in Derby, UK, earlier this month. One (perhaps rather obvious!) message came through to me loud-and-clear: when you're trying to figure out how to get the best from a technology, nothing beats hearing from those who are already doing it.
Amandeep Mhay, project leader of the enterprise materials information management project at Rolls-Royce, shared experience of rolling out this program over 12 years. A phased approach has grown usage from a few tens of engineers in one business unit to thousands enterprise-wide. The system collates, tracks, and qualifies vital materials information, and makes it available in a controlled manner. Its homepage is one of the top ten accessed web pages across Rolls-Royce and cost benefits are estimated at £6.9m per annum.
This entry was posted in All about materials, Materials information management and tagged Jaguar Land Rover, Material Intelligence, Materials Selection, SABIC, seminar on 22nd November 2016 by Stephen Warde.


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Damo Says
Intervention Paradox
Moonblink
The god within
The Whipping Boy
April 21, 2020 Damosays
Review: Shorefall by Robert Jackson Bennett
Shorefall, Robert Jackson Bennett's sophomore outing in the Founders series, and the follow-up to 2018's phenomenal Foundryside, is a fantastic book which straddles high fantasy and techpunk aesthetics, producing a genuinely unique and engaging universe in the process. I got hold of Foundryside at Worldcon last year as a gift from the publisher and they've been kind enough to let me see the sequel ahead of publication as well, and I almost bit their hand off at the chance to get back to Tevanne as soon as I could. You absolutely need to have read Book 1 to keep pace with this second instalment, so I need to be very careful with spoilers here, but shelling out for two books, if you have to, is utterly worth it, because this is a clever and appealing world with characters you will root for and love.
Set three years after the first book, we find master thief Sancia Grado, and her compatriots Berenice, Gregor and Orso, running their own consulting merchant house, Foundryside Ltd. They are pursuing their cause of toppling the monopoly of the great merchant houses, who previously kept scriving for themselves, by sharing the secrets of the art with independent scrivers. Their latest plan is to steal the entire lexicon of one of the remaining great houses, but in doing so they set off a deadly battle, one that threatens thousands, but which could be the undoing of their egalitarian ideals should they try to stop it.
What most people really adored about Foundryside, and I was no different, was the delightful world-building and the ingenuity of Bennett's magic system: scriving, the act of altering the reality of an object via magical instructions inscribed onto it. What's so great about this approach is that it interrogates the very idea of magic and the imbalance of power it creates in a novel way. Where other writers have decided to restrict the use of magic – either by limiting who can have it, or exacting so much cost from its use that it can't be overexploited – as a means of stopping their characters simply magicking threats away, Bennett instead directly tackles the questions of what would happen if we could all have that power and the only restrictions were on how to get hold of it. What threats would that actually create? Foundryside addressed the first part of that concern, how to seize the power for yourself, and was fuelled by all the amazing ways that lead character Sancia Grado, and her companions could think to adapt the magic to suit their needs, making it alive and truly a function of the person who wields it, rather than just a flat external solution. It became a book about human inventiveness and you felt the magic was truly a product of the character and not the other way round. Less Bond, more McGuyver, if you will.
Shorefall moves the focus from ingenuity onto the second – arguably, more interesting- concern; what actually happens to the balance of power once you shift it from the privileged to the disenfranchised? As the major merchant houses that were the main enemy in the first book lose their monopoly, are they just replaced with slightly smaller, but no less self-serving alternatives?
This question is explored as the Foundrysiders are embroiled in a battle between the construct Valeria, who Sancia loosed in the previous book, and another godlike being, Valeria's creator, Crasedes Magnus. He is said to have destroyed empires and sacrificed thousands in the pursuit of his powers, and is about to be summoned back by unseen forces. Lest Crasedes run amok again, the Foundrysiders are forced to pursue the means to allow Valeria to successfully meet this threat. But, what's to stop her becoming just another threat of the same kind once he's defeated, precisely because of the techniques the Foundrysiders have used to make her so powerful?
The characters we love are beautifully handled once more, and the context for the magic system, and how the society of the Founders stories has grown up around it, extends the world-building considerably. Arguably, the escalation of the powers described, when these godlike legends get involved, robs this story of some of the inventiveness of the first, flattening the magic a little by making it too easy to apply, and removing its humanity in the process. Scriving gets replaced by the usual pyrotechnics in their hands. But this is a small gripe.
Overall, Shorefall is a sparkling continuation of Sancia's story, driven by an ensemble of extraordinarily likeable and relatable characters and focused on very timely themes. This is a hopeful book, despite the hurts that arise in it, and that's a good contrast to a lot of the grimdark takes on fantasy that have gained dominance recently. I highly recommend this book, but do go back and read Foundryside first to do it justice.
An ARC of Shorefall was provided by Jo Fletcher Books in return for an honest review.
Published by Damosays
I unmade me.	View all posts by Damosays
Previous Review: The Last Crossing by Brian McGilloway
Next Review: A Cosmology of Monsters by Shaun Hamill
Review: The Searching Dead by Ramsey Campbell January 4, 2021
Story: 'Twas the Night December 17, 2020
Story: And What Will The Robin Do Then? December 16, 2020
Story: Thankless November 26, 2020
Story: Winter Barley October 31, 2020

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Tag Archives: Stephen Fry
Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows
Sitting down to watch this movie, I was filled with mixed opinions. I liked the first one as a whole film. Then I saw the recent BBC adaptation of Sherlock in its modern day context and found a new interest in what used to be my favorite Disney film. What am I talking about, you may ask? The Great Mouse Detective, plain and simple. This story of rats, cats, and
The one, true Sherlock Holmes.
danger is one of my favorite stories and so cleverly done I think it should rank as one of the best Disney creations of all time. But enough about that. So, when I sat down for the sequel to Guy Ritchie's critically acclaimed Sherlock Holmes, I wasn't expecting the world of this film. Just some entertainment.
And it didn't really do that, that much. I was constantly befuddled by the dialogue and the quick witted humor in its attempts to be funny, leaving me unsure as to what was more important, the characters or plot. The action took over all too much of the film and left the sleuthing for the last second. You would get a
Despised friends til the end.
few of those extended deductions, but not enough of any detail that I could have noticed myself. Moriarty's storyline and relevance in the entire showdown was rushed and wasn't developed very well at all. If I hadn't had seen the first film (which this was supposed to stand alone as a Sherlock film) I may not have had any idea or interest of what was going on.
And then we come to my issue with Robert Downey Jr. in this film. I thought he made a great comeback, I don't fault him for that. But what has he done in the last five years that could be considered a serious role? Or even a character that doesn't have a swelled head? I'm seeing Zodiac back in 2007 and that's about it. The persona he's created
I forgot to mention Noomi Rapace was in this one…
since the success of Iron Man is that he is Tony Stark in every role. When you see these movies, it's not "Robert Downey Jr. as Sherlock Holmes." It's "Robert Downey Jr. playing a playboy, egotistical jerkoff." If there was some range to his acting (other than a standout performance in Tropic Thunder) since his comeback, I would give him more credit. This movie was more of the same.
The playboy strikes again.
It wasn't to say there weren't things in this film I enjoyed. After watching the greatness that is Guy Ritchie's Lock Stock, and Two Smoking Barrels, I know the elements he brings to a movie are fast and slick. Jude Law comes off as a decently done Watson with all the hesitations and reservations he's supposed to have. Hell, that's probably because I'm a Jude Law fan. And Stephen Fry makes a great guest star as Sherlock's brother, Mycroft. Although I don't think you could ever consider the two brothers, maybe that wasn't the point. Jared Harris' performance was unremarkable, but I gave a sigh of relief at killing off Rachel McAdams early in the story. Not a spoiler; a message from the Hollywood gods that she really wasn't meant to be in these movies.
So you add all these disappointments together into one movie and you end up with a confusing plot and rinse and repeat
Can we see some more explosions please?…
rapport between two characters seen countless times before. The classic buddy comedy with a facade as a thriller action film. I don't mind all the action and high definition, slo-mo cameras, but this movie got a little ridiculous. The fight with the Russian assassin, the explosions and all the weaponry… This loose adaptation wasn't really that close to the Sherlock Holmes story was it? I think it would be best to allow the BBC and the British to do what they do best with their British authors. Make television versions worth watching. 5.5 out of 10.
1 Comment	| tags: BBC, BBC adaptation, British, British authors, buddy comedy, confusing dialogue, deductions, disappointing, Disney films, egotistical, explosions, fast and slick, great comeback, guest star, Guy Ritchie, high definition cameras, Iron Man, Jared Harris, Jude Law, Lock Stock and Two Smoking Barrels, loose adaptation, mixed reviews, modern day context, Moriarty, Mycroft, not enough substance, not funny, persona, playboy, quick witted humor, Rachel McAdams, rinse and repeat rapport, Robert Downey Jr, Russian assassin, Sherlock, Sherlock Holmes, Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, showdown, sleuthing, spoiler, standalone film, Stephen Fry, swelled head, television versions, The Great Mouse Detective, thriller action facade, Tony Stark, too much action, Tropic Thunder, unremarkable performance, Watson, weaponry, Zodiac	| posted in Movies


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PortableApps.com este un site web care oferă aplicații libere populare pentru Windows într-o versiune portabilă. Aceste aplicații portabile pot fi utilizate inclusiv și de pe unități de stocare detașabile cum ar fi memoria USB. Datele de utilizator sunt stocate într-un subdirector, permițând utilizatorului să facă upgrade sau să mute software-ul fără a-i fi afectate datele. Pentru a șterge soft-ul respectiv, e suficient simplu de șters folderul.

Site-ul a fost fondat de John T. Haller și include contribuții a peste 100 de persoane, printre care dezvoltatori, designeri și traducători.

Situl pune la dispoziția utilizatorilor peste 300 de aplicații gratuite, cu sursă deschisă sau freeware, legale și portabile.

Referințe

Legături externe
PortableApps.com - Official Site

Site-uri web
Software portabil

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


di 300,000 studenti frequentano un corso di lingua ogni anno.
insegnare l'Inglese, ma insegniamo l'inglese con il metodo inlingua.
vicino alla nostra sede principale.
Bin absolut begeistert über die Inlingua - Lernqualität. Ich war 2 Wochen dort und es lief alles perfekt. Allerdings ein sehr geschäftsmäßiger Ablauf, keine Welcome-Verantaltung, keine Angebote für gemeinsame Aktivtäten, das war etwas schade. VORSICHT_ATTENTION: Die Firma drive a way / Taxiservice seht am Flughafen mit einem Inlingua-Schild und verpsricht kostenlosen Zubringerdienst zum Hotel. Einen Tag später wird bei der Schule angerufen und 20 Euro für die Fahrt angemahnt -absolut unseriös_!
hello everyone!my name is Lorenzo A.!i attended the preparation course for the IELTS exam for 8 weeks at inlingua malta school. my experience was absolutely positive! i liked the school and moreover i liked my teacher and almost all the employees. in the morning we studied and in the afternoon (and some time even in the evening)the student representatives organized many activities like football match,barbeque,boat party,foam party...it was very funny!!!maybe one day i will go there again!i suggest this experience and i suggest this place.


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Final lineup set for sole night of ABC Democratic primary debate
By: Kendall Karson, ABC News
Posted at 10:21 AM, Aug 29, 2019
Eight months into the campaign season, the third matchup in a series of Democratic National Committee-sanctioned primary debates will feature a winnowed field. It's the smallest qualifying roster yet for a debate with 20 candidates still in the running.
The 10 candidates certified by the Democratic National Committee to participate in the debate, hosted by ABC News in partnership with Univision, are (in alphabetical order):
Former Vice President Joe Biden
New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker
South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg
Former Housing and Urban Development Secretary Julián Castro
California Sen. Kamala Harris
Minnesota Sen. Amy Klobuchar
Former Texas Rep. Beto O'Rourke
Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders
Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren
Entrepreneur Andrew Yang
The DNC formally notified the campaigns Thursday that their candidates had qualified for the debate. The podium order -- where the candidates will stand on the debate stage in relation to each other -- will be announced at 3:30 p.m. ET on ABC News Live's "The Briefing Room."
The debate format will be one minute and 15 seconds for direct responses to questions and 45 seconds for responses and rebuttals. Candidates will have the opportunity to deliver opening statements, but there will be no closing statements.
As previously announced, ABC News Chief Anchor George Stephanopoulos, ABC News "World News Tonight" Anchor and Managing Editor David Muir, ABC News Correspondent Linsey Davis and Univision Anchor Jorge Ramos will moderate.
The debate will be held at Texas Southern University, a public, historically black university, and will air from 8 to 11 p.m. ET across ABC, Univision with a Spanish translation, locally on KTRK-TV and on ABC News Live. The streaming channel is available on the ABCNews.com, Good Morning America and FiveThirtyEight websites and mobile phone apps, as well as Hulu Live, The Roku Channel, Facebook Watch, AppleTV, Amazon Fire TV, YouTube, Apple News, and Twitter.
In the two prior debates in Miami and Detroit earlier this summer, the current two polling front-runners never tangled on the same stage. But in September, Biden and Warren are set to clash for the first time as the field enters a new phase of the primary.
The ideological divide within the Democratic Party will be front and center. Biden will be up against both progressive stalwarts Warren and Sanders, who have avoided criticizing each other so far this cycle, and who even teamed up to champion their shared vision for transformative progressive reform during the July debate.
But Warren might not have an ally this time to help play defense against an expected new round of criticism. After spending the first part of the year trailing Sanders, Warren often now outpaces her liberal colleague in recent polls.
Biden, with a target on his back, is expected to have to fend off attacks from all sides with Harris, Booker, Buttigieg and Yang all armed with fresh ammunition. Klobuchar is another middle-of-the-road candidate who might take aim at a progressive agenda that touts Medicare for All and free public college tuition.
Castro and O'Rourke, both appearing in their home state, are also on the same stage again, potentially teeing up another wrangle between the two Texans.
Earlier this year, prior to the first Democratic debates, the DNC announced more stringent qualifying rules for the fall debates in September and October. Details for the October debate have not yet been announced.
In order to qualify for the September debate, candidates needed to cross both the polling and grassroots funding thresholds. Candidates must have received 2% or more support in at least four national polls or polls conducted in the early-voting states of Iowa, New Hampshire, South Carolina and/or Nevada and have been publicly released between June 28 and August 28.
Any candidates' four qualifying polls must have been sponsored by one or more of the following organizations approved by the DNC: The Associated Press, ABC News, CBS News, CNN, the Des Moines Register, Fox News, Monmouth University, NBC News, The New York Times, National Public Radio, Quinnipiac University, University of New Hampshire, The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, the Washington Post and Winthrop University. They also needed to be conducted by different organizations or -- if by the same organization -- had to be in different geographical areas.
Candidates also needed to receive donations from at least 130,000 unique donors over the course of the election cycle, with a minimum of 400 unique donors per state in at least 20 states. Qualifying donations must have been received by 11:59 p.m. on Aug. 28 for the September debate.
HOW TO WATCH THE DEBATE: The ABC News Democratic Debate will air live nationally on the ABC Television Network and Univision (with a Spanish translation) and locally on KTRK-TV. ABC News will livestream the debate on ABC News Live – the network's 24/7 breaking news and live events streaming channel – on Roku, Hulu, AppleTV, Amazon Fire TV, YouTube, Apple News, Facebook, Twitter, and the ABC News, Good Morning America and FiveThirtyEight websites and mobile phone apps. Univision News will also livestream the debate on all of its digital platforms including Facebook, YouTube and Periscope.


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ABOUT CCE
Message from the President & CEO
Education Through The Arts
The Foundations School
Afterschool Outreach
Virtual Creativity
Year-End Appeal
Arts Integration in 2nd Grade Social Studies
By Allison Cary | January 6, 2023
In our second grade classes, students are using arts integration to learn about Native American communities in their social studies lessons. It is an opportunity for our students to learn about the history and culture of the various communities that have lived in North America for thousands of years, including the tribes from our local area.
But at The Foundations School, our students aren't just learning about Native American communities in textbooks and lectures. In fact, our second grade classes have used multiple art forms to approach the curriculum, and it is clear when you speak with the students that the lessons are working.
One of the art forms that the second graders practiced is dance. A CCE Teaching Artist choreographed and taught the students a dance that celebrates Native American histories and cultures. The performance featured the song "Qonute," which means welcome in the dialect from an Eastern Woodland Tribe. Students acted as wetlands, performed traditional Native American dance, posed as Chickee huts and longhouses, and shared a bit of the Legend of Hiawatha from upstate New York. This project culminated in a performance at our grand opening event in December.
Another art form that the second graders used in their lessons in sculpting. Another CCE Teaching Artist helped the students expand their knowledge of Native American communities by teaching them to build models of traditional Native American homes. Students have worked on multiple projects, depending on which tribes and regions they are learning about. In each case, they understand not only how the homes were designed, but why they were constructed in these ways.
In addition to these projects, students have also created additional art pieces, including a regional map of the United States, traditional instruments, informative pamphlets, and more. These different approaches and projects allow students multiple avenues to learn the information, and the results are impressive. When asked to explain what they're learning, students' answers are always thorough and eloquent.
This is a great example of arts integration in action. You can read about other recent student projects here.
Celebrating Literacy Week
Staff Spotlight: Deniece Williams
Celine Adrian on International Partnerships
Deneshia on All Dressed Up: The Vocabulary Parade!
Devona Wooten on All Dressed Up: The Vocabulary Parade!
Shayla Brabham on All Dressed Up: The Vocabulary Parade!
Danielle on All Dressed Up: The Vocabulary Parade!
SITE DIRECTORS
SITE DIRECTOR RESOURCES
TEACHING ARTIST PAGE
TEACHING ARTIST APPLICATION
CCE INFORMATION
FACILITY | RENTALS
THE HILTON THEATER
THE KORMAN GALLERY
SPLIT ROCK STUDIOS
© 2023 Center for Creative Education


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De Gea and Ter Stegen criticise World Cup ball
Argentina star Lionel Messi has given the Adidas Telstar 18 the thumbs up, but Marc-Andre ter Stegen and David de Gea are unimpressed.
25 March, 2018 04:21 IST
Germany goalkeeper Marc-Andre ter Stegen with the World Cup ball - Getty Images
David de Gea and Marc-Andre ter Stegen have criticised the official World Cup matchball, while Pepe Reina has called for it to be changed ahead of the tournament.
Argentina star Lionel Messi previously gave his blessing to the Adidas Telstar 18, which was inspired by the ball used at the 1970 tournament in Mexico.
But after Spain and Germany drew 1-1 in an international friendly in Dusseldorf on Friday, both goalkeepers who started the game were critical of the ball.
"It's really strange," said Manchester United goalkeeper De Gea, who was beaten by Thomas Muller's placed 25-yard drive. "It could have been made a lot better."
Ter Stegen was even more critical of the ball, telling AS: "The ball could be better; it moves a lot.
"But I think we're just going to have to get used to working with it – and try to get to grips with it as quickly as possible before the World Cup starts. We've got no other option."
De Gea's international team-mate Reina, however, thinks the authorities have to consider switching the Telstar 18 for a different matchball.
"They should change it," Reina said. "There's still time."
Dugout videos
Ravi Shastri: T20 World Cup an obsession for Team India
Jemimah: Working on bat speed to hit big shots
World Indoor Cricket
Iran teams' AFC Champions League matches shifted to UAE


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Q: PHP form creates a Postgresql entry when web page is opened. How can this be prevented? I have a php/html script to update my postgresql database. The form works alright, that is it inserts data into the database. Problem is that each time I open the web page to do an insert an empty entry is created into the database. I have tried to add a "SELECT setval(...)" to repair the sequence. This did have the effect of getting rid of empty rows it does however not prevent the sequence to get out of line. This is what I have got sofar:
.
.
.
<?php
$db = pg_connect("host=localhost port=5432 dbname=crewdb user=postgres password=XXXXXX");
$query1 = "INSERT INTO access(access_name) VALUES ('$_POST[access_name]')";
$result1 = pg_query($query1);
$query2 = "SELECT setval('access_accessid_seq', (SELECT MAX(accessid) FROM access))";
$result2 = pg_select($query2);
pg_close($db)
?>

However the problem still is not solved. I get a table like this:
 accessid |             access_name
----------+--------------------------------------
        1 | good ride on mower access throughout
        2 | n\a
        3 | no ride on mower acces
        4 | partial ride on mower acces
        5 | fenced off
        7 | Obtacles

As you can see accessid is out of wack. Does anyone know how to solve this problem in the most efficient way?
Table specs are:
  Column    |  Type   | Collation | Nullable |           Default            | Storage  | Stats target | Description
-------------+---------+-----------+----------+------------------------------+----------+--------------+-------------
 accessid    | integer |           | not null | generated always as identity | plain    |              |
 access_name | text    |           | not null |                              | extended |              |

I am a bit new to this so thanks for your help.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Handle Template Error using ErrorHandler in angular2 Following this question , i get to know that after using Errorhandler in our module angular will not throw any such error and our app works somthly,
i did the same process and works fine,
Problem :- After handling template parse error using ErrorHandler  will make all buttons/dropdown on that page and other pages not working properly, is there any kind of method in angular2 by using which neither angular will throw error nor webapp stuck (like buttons are not working in template) ?


text:
International Journal of Genomics
International Journal of Genomics / 2013 / Article
AbstractIntroductionMaterials and MethodsResultsDiscussionConclusionsAcknowledgmentsReferencesCopyright
Extracting Evolutionary Insights Using Bioinformatics
Volume 2013 |Article ID 671316 | 11 pages | https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/671316
Effects of Taxon Sampling in Reconstructions of Intron Evolution
Mikhail A. Nikitin 1 and Vladimir V. Aleoshin1
1Belozersky Institute for Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
Academic Editor: Yuri Panchin
Received15 Oct 2012
Accepted02 Jan 2013
Published03 Mar 2013
Introns comprise a considerable portion of eukaryotic genomes; however, their evolution is understudied. Numerous works of the last years largely disagree on many aspects of intron evolution. Interpretation of these differences is hindered because different algorithms and taxon sampling strategies were used. Here, we present the first attempt of a systematic evaluation of the effects of taxon sampling on popular intron evolution estimation algorithms. Using the "taxon jackknife" method, we compared the effect of taxon sampling on the behavior of intron evolution inferring algorithms. We show that taxon sampling can dramatically affect the inferences and identify conditions where algorithms are prone to systematic errors. Presence or absence of some key species is often more important than the taxon sampling size alone. Criteria of representativeness of the taxonomic sampling for reliable reconstructions are outlined. Presence of the deep-branching species with relatively high intron density is more important than sheer number of species. According to these criteria, currently available genomic databases are representative enough to provide reliable inferences of the intron evolution in animals, land plants, and fungi, but they underrepresent many groups of unicellular eukaryotes, including the well-studied Alveolata.
Introns are noncoding sequences inside many eukaryotic genes. Their abundance may vary several orders of magnitude, from hundreds of thousands in mammalian genomes to less than 100 in the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The origin and evolution of introns is a highly controversial topic despite 25 years of research. The variation of intron content between different lineages suggests a high variation in the rate of intron gain and loss, which may relate to differences in population size, absence or presence of the sexual process, activity of transposable elements, properties of the splicing mechanism, and many other characteristics of genomes, organisms, and populations.
Intron sequences evolve at a high rate, and the negative selection typically stabilizes only few nucleotide positions in splicing sites and the branch point. Interestingly, a significant portion of introns occupy the same positions in the same genes in species that diverged billions years ago (20% of common introns in mammals and Arabidopsis thaliana for the set of 684 conservative genes [1]). These introns were interpreted either as ancestral, originating before the divergence of major eukaryotic lineages, or as convergently inserted in the same positions due to sequence properties (the "protosplice sites"). Both explanations can be true for different subsets of introns in same genome; however, the proportion of ancestral and convergent intron positions in shared introns is controversial. Its estimates vary from 2% to 18% [2] and even more than 50% [3]. The latter estimate was obtained using ad hoc algorithm and datasets and is not directly comparable to others. Functional explanations of the extremely low rate of intron loss are not known. Many introns were found to contain functional elements, such as transcriptional and splicing regulators [4], small regulatory RNAs which produced during the subsequent cleavage of the excised intron, nonsense-mediated decay signals, signals of nuclear export, and others. However, these processes are not evolutionarily conserved, which therefore does not explain the survival of introns for billions of years.
With the influx of new genomic data, our view of intron evolution changes. For example, the high intron content in vertebrate genomes was initially interpreted as a derived feature of this lineage. However, genomic analysis of the polychaete Platynereis dumerili [5] suggested that most vertebrate introns were already present in ancestral Bilateria and subsequently lost in insect and nematode lineages. In next years, analyses of genomic sequences of cnidarians [6], Placozoa [7], sponges [8], choanoflagellate [9], and early-diverging fungi [10] pushed the origin of abundant vertebrate introns back to the ancestral metazoans and, for some, even earlier, to the unicellular common ancestor of animals and fungi. A recent study of the intron evolution in Alveolata and stramenopiles with data on 23 species infers a highly intron-rich ancestors of Alveolata and Alveolata+stramenopiles, with latter containing more introns per gene as humans [11]. This is unexpected, because all extant members of these groups exhibit a low or at best moderate (Thalassiosira pseudonana) intron density [12]. These examples raise the following questions.(i)How does the available taxon sampling affect our studies of the evolution of introns?(ii)How can the taxon sampling be tested to provide accurate reconstructions?(iii)Which species should be added to compensate for an incomplete taxon sampling?
To address these questions, we compiled dataset of intron-exon structures of two ribosomal protein genes (rpS5 and rpL12) for 80 species representing three major eukaryotic groups, Opisthokonta, Plantae, and SAR (Stramenopiles-Alveolata-Rhizaria), using data from publicly available databases of completed and ongoing genome projects. Phylogenetic relations of the analyzed species according to recent studies [13–20] are depicted on Figure 1. For unannotated data, putative rpS5 and rpL12 cDNA and genomic sequences were found with BLAST, and intron-exon boundaries were established using Genscan [21]. We generated 660 random subsamplings ranging from 15 to 75 species from the initial 80 species set using custom Python scripts (100 subsamplings with 15 and 20 species, 80 with 25, 60 with 30 and 35 each, 40 with 40, 45, 50 and 55 each, 30 with 60 and 65, and 20 with 70 and 75 species). The Csuros [22] and NYK [2] algorithms of inferring intron evolution were run on each of these subsamplings.
The phylogenetic tree for the initial species set according to [13–20].
Results were imported in STATISTICA 8 for statistical analysis and scatterplot generation. If no members of a taxon were present in a subsampling, this subsampling was discarded from calculations and scatterplots for this taxon.
We reconstructed intron phylogenies for the full set of 80 species and for 660 random subsamplings using the algorithms by Csuros and NYK. As depicted in Figure 2, different taxon samplings produce different results. In many smaller subsets, there were no members of a particular taxa. These subsets were excluded from calculations of average ancestral intron densities for these taxa. For example, in 105 out of 660 subsets, there were no nematodes, and they were excluded from calculations of average intron density in the ancestor of Nematoda.
Examples of the intron evolution reconstructed with different taxon samplig size. The intron density on each branch (in introns/kb) is color-coded according to scale in the upper left corner. Upper row: Csuros algorithm, lower row: NYK algorithm. Left column: averaged intron densities using 100 subsets of 20 species each. Right column: full set of 80 species.
For the NYK algorithm, the most striking difference is observed in the internal nodes of the bikont half of the eukaryotic tree. Using subsets of 20 species, one can see a more or less constant intron density among the internal branches in different bikont groups such as Alveolata, stramenopiles, and Viridiplantae. The analysis of original set of 80 species inferred almost intronless ancestors for these groups and recent episodes of intron gain along terminal branches. A similar, but less pronounced, pattern is also observed for the Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and the animal-fungal ancestor. These internal nodes also appear more intron rich when sparse taxon coverage is used. Among the Metazoa and their closest relatives, Choanoflagellata, the results do not change significantly varying the taxon coverage.
For the Csuros algorithm, significant differences were also observed between broader and narrower taxon samplings. Again, these differences are most prominent on internal branches of the Bikonta and Fungi. For small species sets, the output of Csuros algorithm is similar to that of NYK. Analysis of the complete taxon set of 80 species returns very high intron densities for the ancestors of Sporozoa, Apicomplexa, Alveolata, and Ascomycota, far exceeding the observations in recent organisms. Particularly, in the ancestor of Apicomplexa, the estimated intron density in analysis of 80 taxa equals 22/kb, which is three times higher than in mammals (7/kb).
3.2. Specific Effects of Taxon Sampling on Different Nodes
As can be noticed, varying the taxon sampling size affects particular nodes (such as Alveolata and Viridiplantae) more than others (e.g., Metazoa). Figure 3 reproduces this pattern in more detail. For the Bilateria, one can see that average statistics are the same for both algorithms and do not correlate with sampling size. The only observed effect of sampling is a significant dispersion of estimates between smaller taxon sets and uniform patterns when the sampling size is 40 or more species. At internal nodes of Bilateria, such as Nematoda, Insecta, and Spiralia, a significant positive correlation is observed between the intron number and taxon sampling size. Dispersion between samplings of same size is large for smaller samplings and decreases on larger taxon sets. For the Fungi, Basidiomycota, Opisthokonta, and Viridiplantae, a high dispersion is observed for all sampling sizes, albeit less on the larger ones. The average intron density in Fungi and Opisthokonta shows a negative correlation with the sampling size for the both NYK and Csuros algorithms (Table 1), while for the Basidiomycota and Viridiplantae, these correlations are insignificant. The Alveolata exhibit a high correlation of the inferred intron density with the sampling size, however correlation patters are different for the Csuros and NYK algorithms. The two algorithms behave similarly with smaller samplings; however, with larger sets, Csuros infers extremely high intron numbers, and NYK infers their complete absence. Similar patterns were also observed for the common ancestors of Apicomplexa, Sporozoa, and Ascomycota.
NYK Sampling Descendants Outgroup-partial 1st descendant 2nd descendant
Beta P level Beta P level Beta P level Beta P level Name Beta P level Name
Fungi −0.24 0.00 −0.09 0.02 −0.01 0.72 −0.27 0.00 Allomyces −0.18 0.00 Encephalitozoon
Bilateria 0.16 0.00 0.05 0.21 −0.04 0.26 −0.25 0.00 Trichinella 0.22 0.00 Daphnia
Spiralia 0.14 0.01 0.30 0.00 −0.08 0.05 0.68 0.00 Lottia 0.30 0.00 Helobdella
Nematoda 0.20 0.00 0.21 0.00 −0.08 0.05 −0.29 0.00 Caenorhabditis 0.25 0.00 Brugia
Insecta 0.33 0.00 0.35 0.00 −0.08 0.05 0.66 0.00 Rhodnius 0.24 0.00 Drosophila
Ascomycota −0.09 0.07 0.07 0.09 −0.09 0.03 −0.13 0.01 Schizosacch 0.10 0.03 Magnaporthe
Basidiomycota −0.31 0.00 −0.13 0.00 −0.09 0.02 −0.22 0.00 Cryptococcus −0.15 0.00 Ustilago
Viridiplantae −0.06 0.24 0.04 0.29 −0.09 0.03 −0.24 0.00 Ostreococcus −0.17 0.00 Oryza
Alveolata −0.09 0.09 0.13 0.00 −0.15 0.00 0.45 0.00 Paramecium −0.23 0.00 Tetrahymena
Apicomplexa −0.19 0.00 0.10 0.02 −0.17 0.00 0.35 0.00 Eimeria −0.24 0.00 Cryptosporidium
Sporozoa −0.12 0.02 0.02 0.60 −0.07 0.08 0.30 0.00 Eimeria −0.30 0.00 Cryptosporidium
Csuros Sampling Descendants-partial Outgroup 1st descendant 2nd descendant
Fungi −0.34 0.00 −0.24 0.00 0.02 0.63 −0.53 0.00 Batrachochytrium −0.48 0.00 Allomyces
Bilateria −0.05 0.30 −0.09 0.09 0.02 0.65 −0.15 0.00 Nematostella −0.13 0.00 Branchiostoma
Nematoda 0.26 0.00 0.36 0.00 −0.06 0.19 0.39 0.00 Brugia 0.34 0.00 Trichinella
Ascomycota 0.61 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.46 0.00 Saccharomyces 0.41 0.00 Schizosaccharomyces
Basidiomycota 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.08 −0.32 0.00 Phakopsora 0.19 0.00 Cryptococcus
Viridiplantae −0.03 0.51 0.00 0.92 0.06 0.17 −0.23 0.00 Chlorella 0.12 0.00 Ostreococcus
Alveolata 0.71 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.61 0.00 Tetrahymena 0.35 0.00 Paramecium
Apicomplexa 0.20 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.09 0.02 −0.26 0.00 Perkinsus 0.14 0.00 Cryptosporidium
Sporozoa 0.45 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.49 0.00 Cryptosporidium 0.28 0.00 Toxoplasma
Partial correlations of the sampling size, number of descendants, outgroups, and presence/absence of key species with intron densities in ancestral nodes. Italics are correlations significant at P level > 0.05. In bold are highest correlations for the node.
Examples of sampling size-intron density correlation patterns inferred by the Csuros (left) and NYK (right) algorithms. Horizontal axis: number of species in the sampling. Vertical axis: inferred intron density at the node (introns/kb). Note that NYK returns estimations of ancestral intron count rounded down to integers, therefore bubble diagram was used. Bubble size represents number of data points at the same scatterplot coordinates.
3.3. Factors Affecting the Reconstruction
One may discuss three factors that influence ancestral reconstructions under varying the taxon sampling. First, broader sampling usually produces more descendants of a given internal node in analyses. Second, the number of outgroup taxa also depends on the sampling size. Third, particular key taxa may strongly affect reconstruction when present in the dataset, which are more likely be found in larger samplings. These three factors may contribute differently and produce a mixed effect. To evaluate their contributions separately, we performed a multiple regression analysis using the numbers of descendants and outgroup species and the presence/absence of particular descendants as independent variables. The results are presented in Table 1.
The regression analysis shows that for the Insecta and Spiralia, the main affecting factor is the presence of particular species in the dataset for both Csuros and NYK algorithms. These species are Rhodnius prolixus for the Insecta and Lottia gigantea for the Spiralia (partial correlation coefficients beta equal 0.65 and 0.67). Correlations with the number of descendants for these nodes range within 0.35–0.37 for Csuros and 0.12–0.30 for NYK. Correlations with the sampling size are less pronounced. For Insecta, we also found that correlation of results with the sampling size is significant only when Rhodnius prolixus is not sampled (Figures 4 and 5).
Effects of critical species sampling on the behavior of the Csuros algorithm. Horizontal axis: number of species in the sampling. Vertical axis: inferred intron density at the node (introns/kb).
Effects of critical species sampling on the behavior of the NYK algorithm. Horizontal axis: number of species in the sampling. Vertical axis: inferred intron density at the node (introns/kb).
For Nematoda, presence of each of the four of its descendants shows a significant effect, with beta positive, ranging within 0.33–0.39 for Trichinella spiralis, Brugia malayi, and Pristionchus pacificus, and negative −0.20 for Caenorhabditis elegans. These correlations are almost the same for Csuros and NYK algorithms.
For other nodes, significance of different factors depends on the algorithm choice.
When the Csuros algorithm is used, for the nodes of Fungi, Basidiomycota, Apicomplexa, and Viridiplantae, the presence of some species affects inferences of intron evolution more than other factors. These species are Allomyces macrogynus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis for the Fungi (beta = −0.48 and −0.53), Phakopsora pachyrhizi for the Basidiomycota (beta = −0.32), Chlorella variabilis for the Viridiplantae (beta = −0.23), and Perkinsus marinus for the Apicomplexa (beta = −0.26). Furthermore, a significant correlation of the ancestral intron density with the sampling size and the number of descendants is observed only when the critical species are absent (both species absent in case of Fungi).
For the Ascomycota, Alveolata, and Sporozoa, critical species are not easily identified. Presence of every descendant of these nodes shows a significant correlation with the inferred ancestral intron density. Still, some species are more important than others. Among Ascomycota, these are yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (beta = 0.46 and 0.41, while for other species is lower than 0.20). For the Sporozoa, most variation is due to Cryptosporidium parvum (beta = 0.45, for others less then 0.23), and in the Alveolata, these are two ciliates Paramecium tetraurelia and Tetrahymena thermophila (beta = 0.35 and 0.61, while lower than 0.15 in other cases). Unlike the aforementioned nodes, for the Ascomycota, Sporozoa, and Alveolata, most significant correlation of the ancestral intron density with sampling size and descendants number is observed only when critical species are present in subsets.
For NYK algorithm, certain species usually show the highest impact on reconstructions of ancestral introns, but the overall picture is often more complicated. For the Fungi, similarly to the Csuros algorithm, the critical species are Allomyces macrogynus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Presence of any of them greatly reduces the dispersion between subsamplings and prevents very high or very low estimates. For the Alveolata, the critical species are again ciliates, but presence of Paramecium tetraurelia positively correlated with the ancestral intron density, and that of Tetrahymena thermophila—negatively. In the Sporozoa, the highest correlation is observed for Cryptosporidium parvum and Eimeria tenella, again with opposite signs. In the Apicomplexa, there are four species that exhibit significant effects—Cryptosporidium parvum, Eimeria tenella, Paramecuim tetraurelia, and Tetrahymena thermophila. Among the Viridiplantae, there are two important descendants, Ostreococcus tauri and Oryza sativa, and two important outgroup species, Paramecuim tetraurelia and Tetrahymena thermophila. A significant effect on the variations of ancestral intron count for the Basidiomycota was found for six species: four descendants (Cryptococcus neoformans, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Ustilago maydis, and Coprinus cinereus) and two outgroup species (Allomyces macrogynus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Analyses for the Ascomycota robustly produce the estimation of 2 introns/kb, with only 13 out of 660 subsamplings exhibiting much higher estimates.
One can see that many key species are the same for both algorithms—for Fungi or ciliates for Alveolata. However, there are significant differences in the importance of outgroup species. They are often important for the NYK algorithms but show only minor effects for the Csuros.
4.1. Cases of Overestimation of the Ancestral Intron Count
The Csuros algorithm in many cases outputs unrealistic, very high intron densities of 15–20/kb, which is three times higher than the observed values in any recent organism and seems unlikely if we consider the spliceosome positioning on pre-mRNA. Such overestimation is commonly found for the Alveolata, Sporozoa, and Ascomycota and also occurs in a portion of subsamplings for the Apicomplexa, Fungi, and Basidiomycota. Our analysis of these anomalies shows that they occur when very intron-poor taxa occupy the basal position among descendants of a node. Yeasts, ciliates, and Cryptosporidium parvum are intron-poor and basal for the Ascomycota, Alveolata, and Sporozoa, respectively, in our full set of 80 species. The chance that these species are present in the analysis increases with the subset size, leading to a high positive correlation of the inferred intron density with sampling size. With the Fungi, Basidiomycota, and Apicomplexa, the full set contains relatively intron-rich basal species (Allomyces macrogynus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, and Perkinsus marinus), followed by intron-poor branches (yeasts, Ustilago maydis, and Cryptosporidium parvum). For these nodes, the inferred ancestral intron densities show a bimodal distribution, depending on which species happens to be basal in subsamplings. Interestingly, even for the Metazoa, there are several cases when the Csuros algorithm overestimates the ancestral intron density to exceed 10/kb. In all such cases, we found that the extremely intron-poor ctenophore Mnemiopsis leydi in these subsamplings falls in the basal position within Metazoa, while all intron-rich poriferan species are absent.
The NYK algorithm is also prone to overestimation of the ancestral intron count. This is often observed with the Fungi and sometimes with the Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Alveolata. As we have found, the prerequisite for such an overestimation is the absence of Allomyces macrogynus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (for Fungi, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota), presence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (for Ascomycota only), and presence of Paramecuim tetraurelia and Tetrahymena thermophila (for Alveolata).
These conditions are similar for those for the Csuros algorithm, but NYK shows a much lesser degree of systematic overestimation. It is especially shown with the example of Ascomycota; the overestimation by Csuros was found in more than half of subsamplings, while by NYK—only in 13 out of 660 subsamplings. The factor analysis also shows that the set of outgroup taxa does not affect the reconstructions with the Csuros algorithm but is important in the case of NYK.
4.2. How Many Taxa Are Enough?
Using the nodes where different algorithms produce similar results, we could evaluate the number of descendants required for accurate reconstructions of intron evolution. In the Spiralia and Insecta, basal intron-rich species (Lottia gigantea and Rhodnius prolixus) strongly affect the results, while in the case of 8-species sets, the results with and without Rhodnius prolixus are very similar (Figure 6). For the Spiralia, a similar trend exists, however, less pronounced due to only 5 available descendants. For the Bilateria and Metazoa, reconstructions are the same with the both algorithms and almost do not depend on sampling, possibly due to a high number of descendants in the sampling (24 and 32, resp.). The average intron count for these nodes does not correlate with the sampling size even if all subsamplings with more than 10 descendants of these nodes are discarded. So, the Metazoa and Bilateria are not very useful for estimating the sampling adequacy. With the results for Insecta, we conclude that 8–10 species should be enough given no catastrophic intron loss among the descendants of the analyzed node. The results obtained for the Bilateria and Metazoa do not contradict with this conclusion.
Effects of the number of descendants and sufficiency of taxon sampling. Horizontal axis: number of species in the sampling. Vertical axis: inferred intron density at the node (introns/kb).
4.3. Comparison with Earlier Intron Evolution Studies
The recent work by Csuros et al. [23] uses an MCMC-based algorithm for the reconstruction of the intron evolution and a broad sampling of 99 species. It also shows that the reliability of the reconstruction of the intron evolution differs between nodes. Their algorithm produced not only inferred estimates of the ancestral intron density, but also its Bayesian posterior distributions. Similarly to our results, the estimates for the Metazoa and Bilateria are robust, the Alveolata exhibit a significant uncertainty, and the stramenopiles-Alveolata (SAR) group or Amoebozoa posterior distribution shows that the estimations are unreliable. Despite the broad taxon sampling, the authors do not use data on such deep-branching intron-rich species as Perkinsus marinus in the Alveolata and Physarum polycephalum in the Amoebozoa. We predict that adding these species to the authors' 99-species set will stabilize the results for the Alveolata and Amoebozoa, respectively.
The Csuros's algorithm tested in our work was used, for example, in the study [11] of intron evolution in the Alveolata and stramenopiles. The authors report unusually high estimates of the ancestral intron densities for many nodes. The highest was 7.5 introns/kb in ancestor of Alveolata, which is 20% higher than in the most intron-rich modern organisms. Our observations suggest that this is likely a systematic bias of the Csuros algorithm. This view is supported by the results obtained with the MCMC algorithm from [14], where the inferred intron density in the ancestral Alveolata is more conservatively estimated at 5.0 introns/kb.
It is of interest to compare the results of our study with [10]. Stajich et al. studied the intron evolution in Fungi, using a sampling of 25 species and four algorithms, NYK, Csuros, Roy-Gilbert, and EREM. The results of all algorithms were in good agreement for most nodes, including the Ascomycota. No systematic overestimations by any algorithm were detected, unlike our work and [11]. There might be two reasonable explanations: (1) a broad gene sampling (1161) allowed to correctly estimate the rate of intron loss even under the low intron density in the basal ascomycete Schizosaccharomyces pombe; (2) a broad species sampling (5) of extremely intron-poor hemiascomycete yeasts and a differential intron loss in them allowed for the conservation of a considerable subset of the ancestral introns. Unfortunately, a broader gene sampling is not always available for groups with an extensive gene loss. For example, for 23 species in [11] (11 stramenopiles and Alveolata and 12 outgroup species), only 394 orthologous genes were present in at least 18 out of 23 taxa. With methods that do not allow for missing data, like NYK, gene sampling would be even poorer.
We observe that the number and composition of taxa often have a strong impact in reconstructions of the intron evolution. While insignificant for some nodes, such as the Bilateria and Metazoa in our analyses, it can be significant for many others. A stronger influence of taxon sampling is observed in nodes with descendants possessing an intensive intron loss. If such a descendant occupies the basal position, the ancestral intron reconstructions are often unreliable. In the indicated cases, the Csuros algorithm exhibits a trend to systematically overestimate the ancestral intron count. Overestimations also occur with the NYK algorithm, however, under a more complex set of conditions and in our analyses were frequently observed only in the node of Fungi. If a group suffers from massive intron loss, a recommended strategy to improve the accuracy of inferring the intron evolution is to identify and add to dataset a deep-branching member of this group with a high intron density, such as Perkinsus marinus in the Apicomplexa.
This work was supported by grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01716-a, 12-04-91331-NNIO, and 12-04-00154), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft GRK 1563 (RECESS), and the Ministry for Education and Science of the Russian Federation (8089, 8334, and 8820). Special thanks to Dr. Leonid Rusin for helpful discussions.
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Ever since I started this website in 2012, one of my primary objectives was to convince readers that the American system of government is nothing like what we are told in school and via the oligarch-owned mainstream media. That the country has become so captured and corrupted by sociopathic oligarchs, that a neo-feudal modern serfdom was emerging where the opportunities to enjoy rising standards of living for the vast majority of people was rapidly becoming a pipe dream.
Ever since that study came out, I've noticed more and more people publicly admitting that the U.S. in nothing more than an oligarchy. Even former U.S. President Jimmy Carter said it last week.
Meanwhile, just today, I came across the latest shocking proof of how bought and paid for "our" political system really is. We find out from the New York Times, that only 400 families account for nearly half of all spending on the 2016 Presidential election so far. The Dark Ages almost look democratic by comparison.
Fewer than four hundred families are responsible for almost half the money raised in the 2016 presidential campaign, a concentration of political donors that is unprecedented in the modern era.
The vast majority of the $388 million backing presidential candidates this year is being channeled to groups that can accept unlimited contributions in support of candidates from almost any source. The speed with which such "super PACs" can raise money — sometimes bringing in tens of millions of dollars from a few businesses or individuals in a matter of days — has allowed them to build enormous campaign war chests in a fraction of the time that it would take the candidates, who are restricted in how much they can accept from a single donor.
A New York Times analysis of Federal Election Commission reports and Internal Revenue Service records shows that the fund-raising arms race has made most of the presidential hopefuls deeply dependent on a small pool of the richest Americans.
And that's exactly how the oligarchs like it.
To peruse the top donors in presidential politics is to take a cross section of the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans. At least 67 are billionaires or married to one, according to Forbes.
Really? Where is this widespread prosperity, at the end of the rainbow in a leprechaun's hat?
Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, a favorite of the Tea Party movement, has raised the most cash from the fewest donors. A collection of super PACs supporting Mr. Cruz raised $37 million, nearly all of it from three families. Robert Mercer, a deeply private hedge fund investor from New York, contributed $11 million, making him the top known political donor in the country so far this election cycle.
Ted Cruz knows how to say the right things, but he knows where his bread is buttered.
But millions of dollars also came from corporate entities with no clear link to a known individual or business: One million-dollar donor to the pro-Bush super PAC is Jasper Reserves, a limited liability corporation established two years ago in West Virginia, where records provided few clues about its owners.
Big donors are not only patrons of the candidates but also confidantes, with great access to the candidates — and, sometimes, business before them.
Mr. Braman has previously subsidized Mr. Rubio's salary, and employed his wife. Mr. Fernandez, who became a billionaire after building several health care companies, emailed with Mr. Bush often when he was governor of Florida to ask about doing business with the state, Mr. Bush's emails show.
The largest single donation to America Leads, a group supporting Gov. Chris Christie of New Jersey, came from a Boston investor seeking to build a $4 billion casino resort there. At least five donors to Mr. Walker's super PAC are companies that received hundreds of thousands of dollars in aid from Wisconsin's economic development agency, according to state records.


text:
Q: RoundCube not found @ Debian 8 & ISPConfig 3 I have installed ISPConfig with Apache via this repo: https://github.com/servisys/ispconfig_setup.
After them i was switch PHP 5.6 to PHP 7 - apps working fine. But roundcube on url: https://IP:8080/webmail missing = 404.
How can I fix it this problem?
What can I try check?
Thanks

A: I got it ...
https://github.com/servisys/ispconfig_setup/issues/145
Is but about bad redirecting with :8080 port.


The Galaxy Note 9 won't be announced until August. You wouldn't know it by reading the internet, however. Every nook and cranny of the upcoming phablet has been bared for the world, in a series of leaks over the past several weeks.
Sure, not all of them will pan out, but plenty have come from leakers with established track records, and enough of the details line up so as to paint a wholly believable portrait of the phone we'll finally get an official look at early next month.


text:
Projects, Resource, Technology
Suncor keeps 2020 oil budget flat, approves $300 million wind farm project
The Canadian Press December 3, 2019
CALGARY – Oilsands giant Suncor Energy Inc. says it will keep capital spending related to its oil operations flat next year while moving forward with a new $300-million wind power project in southern Alberta.
The Calgary-based company says its capital budget for 2020 will rise by about 10 per cent to a mid-point of $5.7 billion from this year's $5.15 billion.
Suncor announced it has sanctioned the first 200-megawatt phase of its Forty Mile Wind Power Project, which received Alberta regulatory approval last spring. About 25 per cent of the capital cost is expected to be incurred this year and the remainder in 2020 and 2021.
Suncor say the project is a key component of its sustainability strategy as it targets cutting its greenhouse gas intensity by 30 per cent by 2030.
It says the 2020 capital budget increase also includes $300 million for its $1.4-billion project to replace coke-fired boilers at its oilsands base camp in northern Alberta with cleaner natural gas-powered co-generation units for heat for the plant and electricity for the provincial power grid.
It also plans to invest $150 million in digital technology initiatives and $50 million to improve efficiency at the Syncrude oilsands mining complex by connecting it by pipeline with Suncor's nearby base camp works.
"Looking forward to 2020, we will continue to focus on value over volume, investing in high-return projects that are largely independent of pipeline constraints and commodity price volatility, to deliver on our $2-billion incremental free funds flow target by 2023," said CEO Mark Little in a statement.
Upstream production is expected to increase by about five per cent to about 820,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day.
©2019 The Canadian Press
Alberta aggregate association raises regulatory concerns
The Alberta Sand and Gravel Association (ASGA) is concerned about the regulatory...


text:
NHL 2013-14: Rangers will hear softer tone from Vigneault than barking from Tortorella
NEW YORK, N.Y. - The message from the New York Rangers bench might not be any different than in years past. The tone in which it is delivered most likely will be.
Whether the softer approach new coach Alain Vigneault offers in comparison to the barking tones of deposed bench boss John Tortorella is what the Rangers need remains to be seen.
Despite getting the club to the Eastern Conference semifinals last season, Tortorella was somewhat surprisingly let go by general manager Glen Sather and replaced by the gentler-on-the-outside Vigneault, who was dismissed as coach of the Canucks after Vancouver was swept in the first round of the playoffs by San Jose.
In an added twist, Tortorella got Vigneault's old job in Vancouver, while Vigneault took over for him in New York.
Quite a trade indeed.
"I believe the New York Rangers have been doing a lot of the right things for a lot of years," Vigneault said. "This is an Original Six team. This is a great franchise. There are some things I prefer done a certain way, and I'm going to tell the players. But as far as this being a drastic change, this organization is one of the best in the league.
"There are little things here and there that need to be pushed in a certain direction. The atmosphere, the environment that I want to create—a professional, positive environment. I want the players to feel good about coming to the rink and trying to get better every day."
Vigneault is the winningest coach in Canucks history, but after a seven-year run it was determined a different voice was needed in Vancouver—perhaps a harsher one than the one the more user-friendly Vigneault provided.
Tortorella lasted only 4 1/2 seasons before his time with the Rangers ran out.
Sather was quick to assert at Vigneault's introductory news conference that the Rangers needed a change in style. He spoke specifically about Tortorella's strong focus on defence and blocking shots—a philosophy that often led to New York's players being consistently banged up.
Vigneault was given a five-year deal to lead the Rangers, edging out other candidates such as Mark Messier and longtime former Buffalo Sabres coach Lindy Ruff, who landed with the Dallas Stars.
In 11 seasons as an NHL head coach with Montreal and Vancouver, the 52-year-old Vigneault is 422-288-35-61 in 806 games.
"The style of play we like to play is outnumber the opposition aggressively so we can recover the puck, set the tone and go on the attack," Vigneault said. "As our players understand the different principles we're trying to put in place, then I think people will be able to pick up (the system)."
The Rangers open at Phoenix on Oct. 3.
Here are five things to keep an eye on with the Rangers this season:
ROAD TRIP: Before the Rangers get into the thick of the new-look Eastern Conference, they will get a healthy dose of Western opponents as they open with a nine-game, 23-day road trip necessitated by extensive renovations at Madison Square Garden. New York will play at Phoenix, Los Angeles, San Jose, Anaheim and St. Louis before travelling to face Eastern foes Washington, New Jersey, Philadelphia and Detroit, which has been transferred from the West to the East. If New York can get off to a good start before finally playing at home on Oct. 28 against Montreal, it could bode well later in the season.
STEPAN'S ABSENCE: The Rangers are dealing with the absence of restricted free agent centre Derek Stepan, who remains unsigned deep into training camp. The sides are believed to be about $600,000 apart on a two-year deal. Stepan is thought to be looking to get $7 million as the Rangers are holding to a $6.4 million offer. It is unknown if Stepan, who could be the club's top centre, will be signed before opening night. He will have to sign by Dec. 1 to be eligible to play.
NEW FOES: While the Rangers will still face familiar rivals from their Atlantic Division days—the New Jersey Devils, the New York Islanders, the Philadelphia Flyers and the Pittsburgh Penguins—they will be joined in the newly formed Metropolitan Division by the Carolina Hurricanes, the Washington Capitals and the Columbus Blue Jackets, who were moved from the West.
NASH AND RICHARDS: Brad Richards is still with the Rangers after his poorest NHL season. He avoided having his contract bought out, but he will need to show the kind of offence he featured during his glory days with the Tampa Bay Lightning. Nash had 21 goals and 21 assists in his lockout-shortened first season in New York. He struggled with a wrist injury and had only one post-season goal.
INJURIES: The Rangers hope to have key forwards captain Ryan Callahan and Carl Hagelin back on the ice soon after both underwent shoulder surgery. They might not be cleared for contact before the season opener. However, leading defenceman Marc Staal said he feels good as he continues to come back from a serious eye injury.


text:
Q: How to get data from DialogFragment to Fragment and survive recreation activity My application has this chain: the activity that creates fragment. In this fragment there is a button click which calls a DialogFragment. DialogFragment allows user to select  camera or choose image from device memory.
Than DialogFragment calls intent which sends image to crop at new activity. And finaly path to croped image send back to DialogFragment via onActivityResult.
The resulting path should be passed to fragment and i exercise this using Interface through activity like in this lesson
This solution works fine until user no changes the orientation of the device.
When device rotated on DialogFragment stage or crop activity stage , first activity recreated and fragemnt recreated and instance of the DialogFragment is destroyed. So my callback not running and and nothing happens. Let me show you code:
SettingUnitActivity
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        addNewUnitFragment = new AddNewUnitFragment();
        fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.single_unit_fragment_container,addNewUnitFragment,"myff");
        fragmentTransaction.commit();

//My callback

@Override
public void call(String string) {
    AddNewUnitFragment addNewUnitFragment = (AddNewUnitFragment)
            getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.single_unit_fragment_container);
    if(addNewUnitFragment != null) {
        addNewUnitFragment.changeFragImage(string);
    } else {

    }
}

AddNewUnitFragment
public void onClick(View v) {
    switch (v.getTag().toString()) {
        case "add_image":
            DialogImageSelect imageSelDialog = DialogImageSelect.newInstance(0);
            imageSelDialog.show(getFragmentManager(),"imageSelDialog");
            break;

...

//Function which should be called from SettingUnitActivity

public void changeFragImage (String string) {
//Do something with string
}

DialogImageSelect
public static interface dateCallBack {
    public abstract void call(String string);
}

static DialogImageSelect newInstance(int id) {
    DialogImageSelect di = new DialogImageSelect();
    Bundle args = new Bundle();
    args.putInt("id", id);
    di.setArguments(args);
    return di;
}

@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
    super.onAttach(activity);
        callerActivity = (dateCallBack)activity;

}

//Here we take and send image path from croper activity

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

if(resultCode != Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {
        if(requestCode == FROM_CROPPER) {
            if(data != null) {
                croppedFilePath = data.getStringExtra("filePath");
                System.out.println("CALL "+callerActivity);
                    this.callerActivity.call(croppedFilePath);
                dismiss();
            }
        }
    }
}

How can I send data to fragment retaining it when device rotated ?
UPD: The answer to my question is partially revealed in this topic but there is no explanation how I could pass data using interface callback from DialogFragment through Activity to Fragment if Activity recreated after rotate.

A: Basically you need to save the instance state on fragment in onSaveInstanceState() method . then use this retained state inside the Base Activity's onCreate() method.
See:
Once for all, how to correctly save instance state of Fragments in back stack?
and
http://emuneee.com/blog/2013/01/07/saving-fragment-states/
You can google more on this and search stackoverflow. There are plenty of questions like yours with proper answers.


text:
Q: De-Activate Physics on SpriteKit i wanna dis-activate the physic of node for a while .Please help me figure that out .
  SKSpriteNode * node = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:@"blade.png"];
    node.size = CGSizeMake(30, 30);
    node.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:node.size];
    node.physicsBody.dynamic = YES;
    node.physicsBody.collisionBitMask = CharacterCategory;
    node.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = ObjectCategory;
    node.physicsBody.contactTestBitMask = CharacterCategory;
    node.position = nd.Position;
    node.physicsBody.mass = 10000;
    SKAction * actfadein = [SKAction fadeInWithDuration:nd.FadeInDuration];
    SKAction * actfadeout = [SKAction fadeOutWithDuration:nd.FadeOutDuration];
    SKAction * wait = [SKAction waitForDuration:3];
    SKAction * removephy = [SKAction runBlock:^(void){
        // i tried to removeFromParent but it never comes back
    }];
    SKAction * activatephy = [SKAction runBlock:^(void){
        //[self addChild:node];
    }];
    SKAction * myActions = [SKAction sequence:@[actfadeout,removephy,wait,activatephy,actfadein]];
    [node runAction:[SKAction repeatActionForever:myActions]];
    [FadeObjects addChild:node];

A: Just set the physicsBody property of the SKSpriteNode to nil. If you later need to apply physics again, just assign another physicsBody.

A: Set this:
node.physicsBody.dynamic = NO;


text:
Best of the Boro 2019
Search Statesboro
Discovering Bulloch
Police Report Locally Owned Local Weather Crime Maps Send Us News SEARCH Statesboro
Kemp targets surprise health billing
New stroke support group meets Tuesday at EGRMC
Parks, transit, roads, money topics for city work session
Police report, 1/18/20
2019 Pigskin Pick'em
Eagle student-athletes placed on search committee for new AD
Devils dust Phoenix
BA splits with Frederica
Eagles topple Troy on the road
Portal boy's come back falls short to Savannah Christian
Weddings Bridal Guide Wedding Form Engagement Form Deen Day Smith 2019 Church
'Behold' to feature Liberty Co. educator Kimberly Foxx
Under cover of buzzards
Toll bridges spring up all around Bulloch County
Father's visitation with child should be allowed, nurtured
Improv All-Stars to perform at GSU Performing Arts Center
Prep Sports Blitz - Jan. 17, 2020
The eagles Nest - Jan. 17, 2020
Meet the Eagles - Calvin Wishart
Prep Sports Blitz - Jan. 9, 2020
Bulloch DUI Risk Reduction
Statesboro Plastic Surgery
Larry G. Hubbard - DDS
Troy Lawhorn - Oral and Maxillofaical Surgery
Optimal Hearing
Job Videos
After Hours Glass Service All Star Carpet Care & Restoration Ellis Meat Market St. Andrews Builders Advertising Statesboro
Job Advice with Kate and Dale
Dont let bad breaks, luck stop your search
Updated: Oct. 30, 2006, 5 a.m.
Dear Kate & Dale: How can my husband salvage his career? He was a college soccer coach who was released when his assistant coach made recruiting violations. He and the school agreed to state that he was leaving to "pursue another position." Other positions have not lived up to his standards and to make matter worse, he was released from an elementary-school position due to an outburst of anger; then he received a DUI, which resulted in a suspended license. Yes, he's in therapy, but he desperately needs employment. – Alicia
DALE: Until you've gone through it or known someone who has, it's hard to understand just how quickly a life can spiral down. The good news is that there are plenty of people who've had that revelation, and if your husband is earnestly seeking help, those people will treat him with sympathy rather than contempt.
KATE: I'd say that the downward spiral started when the college asked him to lie about his leaving. Nothing made sense in his career after that. So he goes to a program not as good, then winds up at an elementary school. I can only imagine how frustrating that was for him. I can picture the anger and the drinking and all the rest – I could see how it could happen to anyone, myself included.
DALE: See what I mean about sympathy, Alicia? However, people in public institutions are in a lousy position to come through with a "sympathy hire." How does it look when the local news media do stories on the new coach's "checkered past"? Awful. What administrator would take that risk? That's why your husband should focus on jobs with professional teams, or perhaps being a consultant to schools who are starting a new program or whose coach needs help (or is on leave).
KATE: In doing so, he will prove to himself and you that his therapy is successful, while he adds success stories to his resume. Eventually he will get to that place where a college athletic director can logically offer him a job. It's a long way 'round to where he was, but as Judge Sol Wachler put it: "When God closes a door, He opens a window. But the hallways are hell." Wachler spent time in those hallways -- he headed the New York State Supreme Court before self-medicating for bi-polar disorder and ending up in jail for harassing his girlfriend. I know it doesn't help much to hear, "It could be worse"; however, you must remember that there's a window waiting for your husband, and he's lucky to have you helping him get through it.
Dear Kate & Dale: I'm a 40-year-old who never finished college. I have spoken with a university that will take transfer credits and has an online program. It will cost $22,000. I'm not eligible for grants, and I don't want a student loan. I'm excited about finishing my degree and making a better life, but how do I pay for it? – A Reader
KATE: The bottom line: You can't afford such an expensive school. If you're going to finish online, you needn't restrict yourself to a local college; broaden your research to lots of other schools. I went on the Web site of your closest state university and found that a four-year degree would cost about $24,000. Because you have transfer credits, it could thus cost you far less than the online school.
DALE: But let's back up and consider "making a better life." Before you spend the time and money, make sure that's true. Go to people in a position to hire you for higher-level jobs and ask, "If I got this degree, would that make all the difference in getting hired?" If yes, then you can "dollarize" the investment -- project out your higher income and see that loans just might be a good deal. On the other hand, your questions might lead you straight into an offer for one of those better jobs, and you could end up taking classes for the joy of learning.
Kate Wendleton is the founder of The Five O'Clock Club, a national career counseling network (www.fiveoclockclub.com). Her newest book is "Mastering the Job Interview and Winning the Money Game (Thomson Delmar Learning). Dale Dauten is the founder of The Innovators' Lab. His latest book is "BETTER THAN PERFECT: How Gifted Bosses and Great Employees Lift the Performance of Those Around Them" (Career Press). Please write to them in care of King Features Syndicate, 888 Seventh Ave., New York, NY 10019, or dale@dauten.com for e-mail.
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At least 60 people killed as two suicide bombers target Shia shrine in Iraqi capital.
Two separate attacks took place a day earlier, one in Baghdad and the other in Diyala province, which targeted Iranian pilgrims.
The second attack occurred near Muqdadiya, 80km from Baghdad, in the northeastern province of Diyala, apparently targeting a group of Iranian pilgrims in a restaurant.
Most of the 64 dead were believed to be Iranians visiting Shia Muslim religious sites in Iraq, police said. More than 60 others were wounded.


Quite some time ago major improvements have been made to LTE with LTE-Advanced as part of 3GPP Release 10. Unquestionably, LTE-A will be the leading global 4G standard fulfilling the defined ITU-R requirements  on IMT-Advanced such as peak data rates beyond 1Gbps. While further enhancements to LTE-Advanced have just been completed in 3GPP Release 11, the new technology trends become visible to serve the continuously growing traffic demand. This White Paper, based on Nomor's attendance of 3GPP, provides an outlook on 3GPP standardisation for the forthcoming years. Besides a summary of general trends and a projected release schedule, it includes an overview of the work and study items of Release 12 in the Radio Working Groups. New key technologies that Release 12 will address are: Small Cell Enhancements, a New Carrier Type, 3D-MIMO Beamforming, Machine-Type-Communication, LTE-WiFi Integration at radio level and Public Safety incl. Device-to-Device communication. While the completion of Release 12 is expected mid of 2014, deployments might be seen around the end of 2015 and later. NoMoR is active in different related research projects and offers consultancy services for related research, standardisation, simulation, early prototyping and technology training.


How many Kids are Homeless?
There is a Congressional Research Service (CRS) Report to Congress with information on this subject titled Runaway and Homeless Youth: Demographics, Programs, and Emerging Issues which was published in January 2007. This link is to their 37 page report.
The precise number of homeless and runaway youth is unknown due to their residential mobility and overlap among the populations. Determining the number of these youth is further complicated by the lack of a standardized methodology for counting the population and inconsistent definitions of what it means to be homeless or a runaway.
Estimates of the homeless youth population range from 52,000 to over one million. Estimates of runaway youth – including "thrownaway" youth – are between 1 million and 1.7 million.
Part of the problem of counting homeless youth is that they often avoid shelters and more or less hide in inaccessable areas where they avoid counters. Some hide out with friends, others take to the woods and alleys, even the rails. You may have seen an earlier post of mine (Homeless Youth Project) where loose groups of homeless youth ride the rails around the country. Youth that do come into contact with census counters are reluctant to admit that they are homeless.
The 52,000 to over 1 million estimates are based on a series of counting attempts through the decades. A 1987 GAO report estimated 52,000 to 170,000 homeless on any one night. CDC's 1992 National Health Interview Survey of youth ages 12 to 17 determined that 5% of those they surveyed had been homeless during some part of the prior year. That estimate came to more than a million youth that experienced homelessness during that year.
The latest federal survey was conducted by NISMART – (National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway and Throwaway Children) which was conducted in 1999. That study found that 1.8 million youth under age 18 left home or were asked to leave home in 1999 (at some time during the year).
That leaves more than 18,000 that never came back that year.
Another study, reported by Jan Moore, Unaccompanied and Homeless Youth Review of Literature (1995-2005) , reported 1 million to 1.3 million homeless youth. I reported on this study earlier, see How many of the Homeless are Youth?
Also see a forum report I presented in 2006 on the Cobb Faith Partnership site titled: Homelessness Among Children and Youth – Basic Facts in which 1.35 million homeless children are reported homeless in a given year, according to the National Law Center. The numbers seem to be centering around 1.3 million with a spread of 300,000 either way. I feel that the numbers probably fluctuate wildly on any given day in any given year, much like trying to get the average level of a raging river.
Factors Influencing Homelessness and Leaving Home: Youth most often cite family conflict as the major reason for their homelessness or episodes of running away. A literature review of homeless youth found that a youth's relationship with a step-parent, sexual activity, sexual orientation, pregnancy, school problems, and alcohol and drug use were strong predictors of family discord. 14% of Foster kids that age out of the system experience homelessness the first year and 25% at sometime overall. Another report shows 20%.
or feared abuse upon returning home.
Basic Center Program: To provide outreach, crisis intervention, temporary shelter, counseling, family unification, and after care services to runaway and homeless youth under age 18 and their families.
Transitional Living Program: To support projects that provide homeless youth ages 16 to 21 with stable, safe longer-term residential services up to 18 months (or longer if the youth has not reached age 18), including counseling in basic life skills, interpersonal skills building, educational advancement, job attainment skills, and physical and mental health care.
Street Outreach Program: To provide street-based outreach and education, including treatment, counseling, provision of information, and referrals for runaway, homeless, and street youth who have been subjected to or are at risk of being subjected to sexual abuse and exploitation.
Those are the facts on homeless youth, the best that I can report at this time. You can select whatever set of data suits your purpose, but it appears the most current data comes in somewhere between 1 and 1.8 million kids that experience homelessness in any given year, centering around 1.3 million youth.
There is no good estimate as to how many that amounts to on any given night, but if you are one of those kids, it is way too many.
Click to see all Oldtimer Speaks Out homeless youth articles (35 so far).


I have an question that I'm hoping someone can help me with. My husband and I have been ttc for over three years now. We had a miscarriage in November and I haven't had a period since. I started to see a new doctor about it recently and he put me back on femera I have been on if before and I have been told I am a clomid failure. He said I should have a natural period within 3 weeks. Well lone behold she came rearing her ugly face and now I'm tying to figure out cycle days. I am suppose to start the medication In cycle day 3. I started spotting yesterday and it started full force today. I have never had a period spot before I'm wondering if today is day one or if yesterday was? I hope someone can help!


Boston, Mass. : Harvard Business School Press, ©2006.
Reveals how to hone and deploy one's leadership assets while managing the inherent tensions at the heart of successful leadership.
Leadership -- Guides, manuels, etc.
The price and prize of leadership.
Rob Goffee and Gareth Jones.
Add tags for "Why should anyone be led by you? : what it takes to be an authentic leader". Be the first.
library:placeOfPublication <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/866846115#Place/boston_mass> ; # Boston, Mass.
schema:location <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/866846115#Place/boston_mass> ; # Boston, Mass.


text:
Q: Как восстановить место в справке Vim? Допустим, я читал некий топик во встроенной справке Vim. Как вернуться к месту чтения после закрытия и повторного запуска Vim? При этом использовался Session.vim. Опция 'sessionoptions' слово "help" содержит.
Окно со справкой восстанавливается. Проблема в том, что файл справки в этом окне после восстановления становится обычным файлом, в котором забыты теги переходов, да и сами теги по ^] перестают работать. Выручает копирование тега, :h <вставка_тега>. Открывается новое окно справки. При этом предыдущее окно с сохранённой справкой вновь становится окном справки. Вот.
Можно ли сделать это проще?
Vim 7.4 в Linux и Cygwin

A: Это баг. "Починить" теги можно принудительно установив опцию :h 'buftype' и др. Например:

~/.vim/after/ftplugin/help.vim

if &buftype !=# 'help'
    setl buftype=help iskeyword=!-~,^*,^\|,^\",192-255
    setl foldmethod& tabstop&
    setl noarabic nobinary nobuflisted nocursorbind nodiff nofoldenable nolist
    setl nomodifiable nonumber norelativenumber norightleft noscrollbind nospell
endif

UPD. Пропатчено Vim 8.2.4007.


One of the crucial areas the place individuals get it wrong in physique transformation – attempting to lose fat and get the body they need – is as a result of they use exercise as a trade off for poor diet habits. A study reported in the Journal of Health Psychology showed individuals in a 10-week research had vital cognitive and psychological improvement resulting from train. It's protected to assume that you'll have a hard time sticking together with your nutritious diet if you go from frequently consuming french fries to strictly salads in at some point.
I simply went on trip and ate like crap for ten days… Got dwelling Monday and have nonetheless been eating like crap because I thought, effectively, might as properly wait till next week to start out maintaining a healthy diet once more… F that!!! A dangerous diet just isn't good for anybody; depending upon genetics it's going to have an effect on everybody in the end, some extra rapidly than others. Exercise calms us down, and suppresses the stress hormones that cause our cravings for junk meals to go awry. Eat traditional complete meals prepared correctly, indulge your vices sparingly, exercise to keep the body and thoughts wholesome to fulfill your goals – not defeat them. If your objective is to recalibrate your physique composition ratio and get leaner, these habits may help you attain your objective.
The National Institute of Health links lengthy-time period poor diet with a lot of physical points. James 'Keefe, a Kansas City heart specialist and ex-triathlete who believes sustained endurance exercise can damage the heart, said he would recommend no more than 20 miles per week at a modest tempo. For more ideas and ideas to spice up your diet see these great tips from the Australian Government Shape Up Australia. It's perfectly tremendous to enjoy just a little pizza or chocolate now and then, however you could find that eating healthy most of the time just isn't solely potential, it's satisfying! I'm a Personal Trainer and a Nutrition Consultant and I will probably be giving free advice and recommendations on Fat / Weight Loss, Diet Tips, Healthy Eating!
Shin splints, hair loss, acne, muscle tears, strains, tendopathies, broken bones, repetitive sicknesses/inflammation, sleep problems and lots of digestive circumstances (i.e. irritable bowel syndrome, crohn's & celiac disease) all are sometimes a result of poor diet.
These unhealthy eating habits can affect our nutrient intake, including vitality (or kilojoules ) protein, carbohydrates, essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals as well as fibre and fluid. In many cases, weight problems is extra to do with environmental factors, akin to poor eating habits discovered during childhood. Short-term effects of poor diet embody lethargy and feeling unwell typically. Being match begins with weight-reduction plan determining 70-eighty% of the battle to turn into healthy, and train is barely 20-30% of the issue. Causes of poor diet embrace eating problems, alcoholism, hunger and poor eating regimen.


A name server for the BSD operating system; a network service that enables clients to name resources or objects and share this information with other objects in the network. Put simply, it is a distributed database system for objects in a computer network. BIND is fully integrated into BSD network programs for use in storing and retrieving host names and DNS address. The system administrator can configure the system to use BIND as a replacement for the older host table lookup; the default configuration for BSD uses BIND.


text:
require 'whois/record/parser/base'
require 'whois/record/parser/scanners/verisign'

module Whois
  class Record
    class Parser

      # Parser for the jobswhois.verisign-grs.com server.
      class JobswhoisVerisignGrsCom < Base
        include Scanners::Ast

        property_supported :disclaimer do
          node("Disclaimer")
        end

        property_supported :domain do
          node("Domain Name") { |raw| raw.downcase }
        end

        property_not_supported :domain_id

        property_supported :referral_whois do
          node("Whois Server")
        end

        property_supported :referral_url do
          node("Referral URL") do |raw|
            last_useful_item(raw)
          end
        end

        property_supported :status do
          node("Status")
        end

        property_supported :available? do
          node("Registrar").nil?
        end

        property_supported :registered? do
          !available?
        end

        property_supported :created_on do
          node("Creation Date") { |raw| Time.parse(raw) }
        end

        property_supported :updated_on do
          node("Updated Date") { |raw| Time.parse(raw) }
        end

        property_supported :expires_on do
          node("Expiration Date") { |raw| Time.parse(raw) }
        end

        property_supported :registrar do
          node("Registrar") do |raw|
            Whois::Record::Registrar.new(:name => last_useful_item(raw), :organization => last_useful_item(raw), :url => referral_url)
          end
        end

        property_supported :nameservers do
          Array.wrap(node("Name Server")).reject { |value| value =~ /no nameserver/i }.map do |name|
            Nameserver.new(name.downcase)
          end
        end

        # Initializes a new {Scanners::Verisign} instance
        # passing the {#content_for_scanner}
        # and calls +parse+ on it.
        #
        # @return [Hash]
        def parse
          Scanners::Verisign.new(content_for_scanner).parse
        end

        protected

          # In case of "SPAM Response", the response contains more than one item
          # for the same value and the value becomes an Array.
          def last_useful_item(values)
            values.is_a?(Array) ? values.last : values
          end

      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Kidney donation between former suburban coach, basketball player creates bond for life
By Anthony Ponce
Nearly 40 years after coaching her basketball team, a suburban coach and a former player have a new "forever" bond. And with Thursday, March 12 being World Kidney Day, the pair is sharing their inspiring story.
CHICAGO - Nearly 40 years after coaching her basketball team, a suburban coach and a former player have a new "forever" bond. And with Thursday, March 12 being World Kidney Day, the pair is sharing their inspiring story.
"We had to keep their mind on basketball and not on boys," said 77-year-old John Mulhern, reflecting on the year 1984 when he coached his daughter, Jenny, and Jenny's best friend, Stacy Brown Michalski.
"Stacy was a good basketball player, but she's a better person," Mulhern said while fighting back tears, and there's a reason he gets choked up thinking about the two girls staying friends all these years.
"Jenny had just thrown it out there, 'hey if anybody's A-positive, Dad needs a kidney' and I was like 'OK, no problem!'" said Michalski.
After no one in Mulhern's immediate family matched up as a kidney donor, Michalski volunteered to donate one of hers. This past year, John's own kidneys had hardened to the point where they lost their filtration ability. He desperately needed a transplant.
"The only way to get a kidney transplant without waiting 6 or 7 years now for the most common blood group is to find a living donor," said Dr. Joseph Levanthal, who performed the transplant in October at Northwestern Hospital.
"It was an unbelievable feeling at that point," said Mulhern after the successful operation.
After feeling fatigued for a few weeks following the transplant, Michalski said she has no regrets. "Once you know somebody, and especially if you know what they'd have to go through to be on dialysis, and once you know [Coach Mulhern], you would never want him to be on dialysis. It was really very simple."
Dr. Levanthal encourages all healthy adults to consider becoming an organ donor.
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