query: Are manga and anime the same thing?

title: Anime

text: The 1970s saw a surge of growth in the popularity of manga, Japanese comic books and graphic novels, many of which were later animated. The work of Osamu Tezuka drew particular attention: he has been called a "legend"[41] and the "god of manga".[42][43] His work—and that of other pioneers in the field—inspired characteristics and genres that remain fundamental elements of anime today. The giant robot genre (known as "mecha" outside Japan), for instance, took shape under Tezuka, developed into the Super Robot genre under Go Nagai and others, and was revolutionized at the end of the decade by Yoshiyuki Tomino who developed the Real Robot genre.[44] Robot anime like the Gundam and The Super Dimension Fortress Macross series became instant classics in the 1980s, and the robot genre of anime is still one of the most common in Japan and worldwide today.[45] In the 1980s, anime became more accepted in the mainstream in Japan (although less than manga), and experienced a boom in production. Following a few successful adaptations of anime in overseas markets in the 1980s, anime gained increased acceptance in those markets in the 1990s and even more at the turn of the 21st century. In 2002, Spirited Away, a Studio Ghibli production directed by Hayao Miyazaki won the Golden Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival and in 2003 at the 75th Academy Awards it won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.

title: Major (manga)

text:
In 2006, the anime series ranked 46th in an online poll conducted by TV Asahi on Japan's favorite animated TV series. A Celebrity List of the same poll placed the anime series at the 70th spot.
Won the 41st Shogakukan Manga Award in the Shounen category in 1996.

title: Don't Blame Me (manga)

text: Anime News Network's Casey Brienza commends the manga for its "interesting (and sexy!) characters, a complex, well-conceived plot, and plenty of laughs to lighten up the angsty bits" but criticizes it for "a weak bonus story in volume two and artwork that remains a bit amateurish". Coolstreak Comics' Leroy Douresseaux commends the manga artist as a "master of complex, passionate psychological dramas". Mania.com's Briana Lawrence comments on the movie aspect of the manga "serving as a tool to highlight the more important things in the manga: Jun and Yutaka's relationship, Toshi and Nakamura's developing relationship, the birth of Miki's baby, and we get to see all the major plot points through the eyes of a camera". Active Anime's Rachel Bentham comments that the manga is "more soap opera antics behind the scenes of this film club".

title: The Amazing 3

text: The premise of both the manga and the anime was the same, and the characters looked nearly identical in both, but the stories differed greatly. Stories which appeared in the manga were not used again for the anime – and vice versa. In addition, the manga version has Shinichi's schoolfriends and teachers playing more of a role than they would in the anime.

title: Shinobi: Heart Under Blade

text: A manga and an anime called "Basilisk" are based on the same novel and bear the same character names as in the novel and the movie. Although their characters in the film are highly altered from both the original novel and the manga/anime series.

title: Kanokon

text: The characters of Kanokon have received both praise and criticism from publications dedicated to anime, and manga. Kouta's character was criticized by THEM anime reviews for the artwork in the anime adaptation. His facial appearance was described as being featureless, and unlike the manga too young looking. Theron Martin from Anime News Network said that Kouta's youthful appearance in the anime makes Chizuru's advances appear like borderline shotacon. Chizuru's character was ranked #10 in a list of top 10 sexiest female anime/manga characters for her affection towards Kouta in public. Like Kouta however, her appearance was criticized by THEM Anime reviews for lacking facial features in the anime adaptation. Travis Bruno from Capsule Computers gave Chizuru's manga appearance a good review, saying that she is designed well with "clear cut differences" between her human and fox forms. Nozomu's appearance in the anime was mentioned in a review by Chris Beveridge from the Fandom Post. He stated that the addition of Nozomu without a doubt adds more competition to things, going on to say that unlike Chizuru Nozomu competes with Chizuru on more of a quiet side which adds to her appeal.

title: Sabaku no Tami

text: Miyazaki initially wanted to become a manga artist but started his professional career as an animator for Toei Animation in 1963. Here he worked on animated television series and animated feature-length films for theatrical release. He never abandoned his childhood dream of becoming a manga artist completely, however, and his professional debut as a manga creator came in 1969 with the publication of his manga interpretation of "Puss 'n Boots", which was serialized in 12 weekly instalments in the Sunday edition of Tokyo Shimbun, from January to March 1969. Printed in colour and created for promotional purposes in conjunction with his work on Toei's animated film of the same title, directed by Kimio Yabuki.

title: Roy Mustang

text: Publications of manga, anime, and other media have commented on Mustang's character in both the manga and anime. While reviewing the first volume of the manga, Manga Life found that Mustang's character was more mature in the manga than in the anime. On the other hand, in the review from the first anime's last episodes, Lori Lancaster from Mania Entertainment enjoyed Mustang's relationship with Edward, comparing him to a "teasing and protective older brother". Sakura Eries from the same site noted that Mustang "steals the show" in Volume 10 of the manga, praising his fighting skills during his battle against Lust and Gluttony. Additionally, when Maria Ross was revealed in the same volume to be alive and that she was not killed by Mustang, Eries remarked on his work as leader, taking back her negative comments regarding Mustang when she thought that Mustang really killed her. These sub-plots were also commented by IGN's D. F. Smith, as they expanded Mustang's character much more than in the first anime series, where he had relatively smaller appearances. Lydia Hojnacki from PopCultureShock noted Mustang's character as one of the reasons she likes the series, noting his personality and relation with the Elric brothers. When he watched "", Anime News Network writer Theron Martin mentioned that when Mustang "makes his dramatic return in a cheer-out-loud moment", he remarked the audience "went wild at that point". In IGN's review of the same film, Jeremy Mullin commented that he wanted to see Mustang's counterpart from Germany, as several characters from the series had their counterparts, but then said "it does make it fun imagining what" he would be. David Smith from the same site cited his role and ambitions in the first anime series in the feature "Ten Things I Learned From Fullmetal Alchemist", which had comments on his flaws.

title: List of Fullmetal Alchemist characters

text: The "Fullmetal Alchemist" manga and anime series feature an extensive cast of fictional characters created by Hiromu Arakawa. The story is set in a fictional universe within the 20th century in which alchemy is one of the most advanced scientific techniques. Although they basically start the same, the first anime, midway through its run, begins to differ greatly from the original manga; characters that are killed early on in the manga survive to the end of the first anime and vice versa. The second anime's ("") events, however, faithfully follow those from the manga.

title: Magical girl

text: Manga and anime historians regard the Princess Knight manga, released in 1953, as the prototype for the magical girl genre.[1]:77 Himitsu no Akko-chan, serialized nine years later (1962) in Ribon, is generally accepted to be the earliest magical girl manga.[2]:8 Sally the Witch, adapted from the manga of the same name, is regarded by historians as the first magical girl anime.[1]:78[3] Sally the Witch was inspired by the Japanese dub of the television series Bewitched.[4]

title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A manga series written and illustrated by Akira Itō was announced along with the anime. The first chapter was published on March 26, 2011 in "Kerokero Ace" magazine. With "Kerokero Ace" ceasing publication with its September 2013 issue, new chapters of the manga continued starting with the first issue of "Monthly Bushiroad" magazine. While the manga shares the same characters as the anime, it follows an original storyline and contains many differences from the anime version. Vertical has licensed the manga series and began releasing it in North America on April 29, 2014.

title: Shakugan no Shana

text: In October 2014, the novels were reported to have sold over 8.6 million copies. As reported on the obi strip on volume 4 of the "Shakugan no Shana" manga released in January 2008, 1.2 million copies of the manga had been sold. Theron Martin from Anime News Network reviewed the manga and called it "inferior" to the anime, and notes the anime develops characters better than the manga. Martin also critiques the art, saying the background art has little detail, and while the action scenes are handled well enough, they are still sub-par compared to the same scenes in the anime. Martin concludes the review by warning the readers that "[if] this is your first exposure to the franchise, look to the anime version to see it done right."

title: Simoun (anime)

text: A manga adaptation was published in three issues of "Comic Yuri Hime". The manga shared the same characters and setting as the anime, but presented a different storyline. A second manga was serialised in Megami Magazine, with a radically different setting and a comic rather than serious and dramatic tone. There is also a two-volume light novel adaptation, which unlike the manga has a storyline close to that of the anime.

title: Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (manga)

text: Miyazaki began his professional career in the animation industry as an inbetweener at Toei in 1963 but soon had additional responsibilities in the creation processes. While working primarily on animation projects for TV and Cinema, he also pursued his dream of creating manga. In conjunction with his work as a key animator on "Puss 'n Boots" his manga adaptation of the same title was published in 1969. That same year pseudonymous serialization started of his manga "People of the Desert". His manga adaptation of "Animal Treasure Island" was serialized in 1971.

title: Star Ocean: The Second Story (manga)

text: Studio Deen adapted the manga series into a twenty six episode anime series entitled Star Ocean EX which aired on TV Tokyo from April 3, 2001 until September 25, 2001. The anime series was released to Region 1 DVD by Geneon Entertainment. To complete the story left unfinished by both the manga and anime, five drama CDs were released in Japan, using the same voice actors from the anime series.

title: Dominion (manga)

text:
"Dominion" has been adapted into three original video animation series: the first was released in 1988, the second, in 1993, and the third, in 2006. The 1988 OVA is four volumes long and animated by Agent 21, the 1993 OVA is six volumes long and animated by J.C.Staff, while "TANK S.W.A.T." is one volume long and was animated by DOGA Productions.
The manga was published by Hakusensha, Kodansha and later by Seishinsha. It has been published in English by Dark Horse Comics. The anime has been released in English translation in the United Kingdom and Australia by Manga Entertainment and in the United States by Central Park Media, under their U.S. Manga Corps division. The "New Dominion Tank Police" series was also distributed in the UK, Australia and United States by Manga Entertainment, but later expired. Maiden Japan licensed the six-episode 1993 "New Dominion Tank Police" OVA series for distribution in North America in 2013.The manga was serialized in 1986 and later released under a single "tankōbon" in the same year. The plot of the manga is set in the future on a highly polluted Earth. Due to unbearable air quality, the people who inhabit the metropolis of New Port City are forced to wear oxygen masks when outside.

title: Sarutobi Sasuke

text: An adult Sarutobi Sasuke is a character in the anime and manga series "Samurai Deeper Kyo", in which he serves Sanada Yukimura as the leader of the Ten Braves – the same role he has in the manga and anime "Brave 10" and in the film "". Sasuke also appeared in the historical anime and manga "Shura no Toki" (serving Sanada Tsubura), in the taiga drama series "Tenchijin", in the anime "Sanada Ten Braves" and in the film "Goemon". In the video game and anime series "Sengoku Basara", and in its anime adaptations "" and "", he is portrayed as a laid-back but cunning ninja, aiding Yukimura. In the film "Shogun Assassins" ("Sanada Yukimura no Bouryaku"), Sasuke is even shown to be literally an anthropomorphized ninja monkey. In the Super Sentai series "Ninja Sentai Kakuranger", the main character Sasuke (Ninja Red) is a direct descendant of Sarutobi Sasuke, as it is in the case of Ecchan in the manga and manga series "Sarutobi Ecchan".

title: Anime and manga fandom

text: series banded together to get "Space Battleship Yamato" back on the air after it stopped airing on Japanese television. In Japan, anime and manga are referred to collectively as the content industry: anime, video games, manga, and other related merchandise are different types of media focused around the same content.

title: List of GetBackers characters

text: Both in the manga and anime, his relationship with Madoka has progressed to a stage whereby he would do almost anything to protect her. As a sign of how well a companion Madoka is, Shido even noted that she could talk to animals, a trait not many ordinary humans could achieve. In the manga finale, he was seen carrying Madoka's shopping bag, possibly a homage to the ending of the anime series, where he does the same thing.

title: List of Bakuman episodes

text: The "Bakuman" anime series is based on the manga series of the same name, written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata. The anime is directed by Ken'ichi Kasai, animated by J.C.Staff, and produced by NHK. The episodes follow Moritaka Mashiro and Akito Takagi as they attempt to create a popular manga to be made into an anime.

title: Shojo Beat

text: Shojo Beat is a "shōjo" manga magazine formerly published in North America by Viz Media. Launched in June 2005 as a sister magazine for "Shonen Jump", it featured serialized chapters from six manga series, as well as articles on Japanese culture, manga, anime, fashion and beauty. After its initial launch, "Shojo Beat" underwent two redesigns, becoming the first English anthology to use the cyan and magenta ink tones common to Japanese manga anthologies. Viz launched a related imprint of the same name for female-oriented manga, light novels and anime.

title: Rurouni Kenshin

text: In a manga volume prior to the release of the anime, Watsuki said that while some fans might object to the adaptation of the series into anime, Watsuki looked forward to the adaptation and felt it would work since the manga was already "anime-esque." He had some worries about the series since he felt since the creation of the series was sudden and the series had a "tight" production schedule.[11] In another note in the same volume Watsuki added that he had little input in the series, as he was too busy with the publishing.[12] In addition his schedule did not match the schedule of the anime production staff.[13] Watsuki said that it would be impossible to make the anime and manga exactly the same, so he would feel fine with the anime adaptation as long as it took advantage of the strengths of an anime format.[12]

title: Appleseed (manga)

text: In 1988, the manga was adapted into an original animated video of the same name by Kazuyoshi Katayama. It was produced by Bandai Visual and licensed by Manga Entertainment.

title: Kodocha

text: "Kodocha" won the Kodansha Manga Award for best shōjo manga in 1998. Jason Thompson found the manga "joyfully weird [...] with good lines and funny details", calling the art quaint. Holly Kolodziejczak from Animefringe praised the series for its multiple elements such as mystery and romance that form a strong comedy. Additionally, like Thompson, he found the art quality despite the time its age. Dillon Font from the same site called it "very solid part of a manga collection." The reviewer compared it with the anime adaptation "sorely missing the insane quirkiness that Daichi's [the anime's director] direction injected into the anime series" which might leave the manga "dull." Allen Divers from Anime News Network recommended it to readers commenting it is "a solid story about a young girl coming of age that remains entertaining the entire way"

title: Yozakura Quartet

text:
An anime adaption of the manga aired on TBS in October 2008. The anime was produced by Nomad. The anime has been licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks and
is distributed by Section23 Films. The complete collection was released March 2, 2010.
On March 23, 2010, manga creator Suzuhito Yasuda announced that a new anime adaption that will start in October coinciding with the ninth volume of the manga. The cast from the first series returned for this series. The first OAV shipped on October 8. A second episode was released along with the 10th volume on April 8, 2011.
On April 4, 2013, it was announced that a manga-only OAD, "Yozakura Quartet ~Tsuki ni Naku~", is in the works and will be released on September 9, 2013. On the same day, it was announced that Yozakura Quartet will get a new TV anime adaptation as well, animated by Tatsunoko Production. On April 9, 2013, the title was confirmed as "Yozakura Quartet ~Hana no Uta~". On April 11, 2013, it was confirmed that "Yozakura Quartet ~Hana no Uta~" will feature the same cast as the first series, and will not be a continuation from the first series, but rather, a complete new series on its own.

title: Hozuki's Coolheadedness

text: In June 2014, a series of three original anime DVDs (OADs) was announced to be produced by the same staff of the anime series. After the release of three teaser videos in August, October and November, the OADs were screened between December 6 to December 28, 2014 in eleven theaters in Japan. They were released along with the 17th, 18th, and 19th manga volumes on February 23, May 22, and August 21, 2015 respectively. In November 2016, the twenty-third volume of the manga announced that the series would receive a new anime project, beginning with an OAD. It was bundled with the manga's twenty-fourth limited edition volume, and released on March 21, 2017. The staff was the same from the anime and previous OAD series, with Studio Deen taking over animation production from Wit Studio.

title: List of Mobile Suit Gundam 00 chapters

text:
Two TV broadcast-based manga series exist to date. One is serialized in Kerokero Ace and drawn by Kouzoh Ohmori. Minor changes are present compared to the anime, such as the use of more visually comedic facial expressions. First volume was released on March 26, 2008 by Kadokawa Comics.
The other manga adaptation series of the same name is also based on the television series, and is drawn by Oto Taguchi. The two manga series essentially follow the same story as the anime's main plot, but vary in the sequence of events that unfold (for example, certain battles and events in the anime were skipped over in the Kouzoh Ohmori manga) and are drawn under different artistic styles. With the past New York Comic Convention, Bandai Entertainment has confirmed that they have acquired the rights to Kouzuh Ohmori's manga adaptation.

title: Protoculture Addicts

text: Although it was a North American publication, it also covered many things about the state of anime and manga in France and the French-speaking world. Manga and anime are readily available in Europe, and the magazine was started in Montreal, Quebec, a francophone region of Canada with a mixture of French and English speakers.

title: Onmyō Taisenki

text:
Even when the story of the Manga and Anime appears to be in the same universe there are some factual differences in the world of the anime and manga.
In the manga the names of the shikigamis are created by their Toujinshi at the time of the contract and in the anime the names of the shikigamis are always the same. For example, in the manga the name of the shikigami that once made a contract with Monju is revealed to be "Byakko no Akatsuki", and then it's revealed that is in fact the same shikigami as "Byakko no Kogenta", and the name Kogenta is the name that Yakumo gave him. In contrast the anime reveals that the name of Byakko no Kogenta has been always the same, as is revealed in the anime when the story of the contract between Byakko no Kogenta and Raihou is told.
Also, in the manga, there are no factions between the Toujinshi, and every Toujinshi is independent.
Even when in the anime almost every Toujinshi uses a Drive, in the manga almost every Toujinshi uses a Toujinki, with the exception of Yakumo who gets his Zero Drive from the Naraku in the middle of Volume 2 in order to save Kogenta because Yakumo's Toujinki is destroyed, and Tsukuyomi that summons his shikigami with Toujin-fu.
It also is revealed in the manga that the Drive is in fact a Toujinki prototype.
In the anime when the Toujinshi shikigami is defeated the Toujinshi loses his/her memories as Toujinshi and he/she can no longer be a Toujinshi. In the manga the only consequence of a Shikigami defeat is that the Toujinshi can no longer make a contract with that shikigami.

title: Egmont Manga & Anime

text: In 2000, Ehapa published manga directed toward Japanese readers for the first time, with "Wedding Peach". In October of the same year, the firm Egmont Manga & Anime (EMA) was founded. Since then, the head of the publisher has been Georg F.W. Tempel, who had already been responsible for the previous manga publications as the former chief editor for trend subjects at Ehapa. EMA is the first German manga publisher to have an advisor directly on location in Japan.

title: Magical Shopping Arcade Abenobashi

text: The manga of the same name was created after the anime was developed, and while the major characters and plot elements remain the same, the overall story arc was (according to the production notes in the first volume) changed to fit the medium better, and a few new characters and subplots are added (i.e. Ochi, a manga only character, is a young landlady who is very taken with Sasshi that receives multiple incarnations throughout the different worlds. Also, Sasshi's feelings for Arumi are much stronger and less ambiguous than they are portrayed in the anime). Furthermore, the manga features more frontal nudity than the anime.


query: How many episodes did One Tree Hill have?

title: List of One Tree Hill episodes

text: Over the course of nine seasons, One Tree Hill aired a total of 187 episodes.

title: Colin Fickes

text: He is best known as high school teenager Jimmy Edwards on the hit series "One Tree Hill". In one of the series' most notable episodes, the character committed suicide after bringing a gun to his school Tree Hill High, resulting in a hostage situation. Jimmy Edwards was seen in the very first episode of One Tree Hill. The character's death motivated much of the drama in the third season.

title: New Britain, Connecticut

text: New Britain's terrain is mostly made up of soft, rolling hills and young Connecticut forest. The many parks are populated with trees, and in small, undeveloped areas, there is also brushy woods. New Britain's streets also have many trees lining the sides of the roads. Many front yards in the northern half of the city have at least one tree. One or two streams flow through New Britain, undisturbed by the development.

title: One Tree Hill (season 8)

text: The eighth season of "One Tree Hill", an American television series, premiered on September 14, 2010. After successful ratings for the early episodes of the season on The CW, the network ordered a back-order of nine episodes, bringing the total episode count to twenty-two.

title: One Tree Hill (TV series)

text:
Below are the seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of "One Tree Hill" on The WB and The CW.
Over its 9-year run, "One Tree Hill" has been nominated for and won various awards, most commonly being honored by the Teen Choice Awards.
On February 7, 2007, Soapnet announced that it would broadcast reruns of "The O.C." and "One Tree Hill". The deal, made with the show's production company Warner Brothers, stated that SOAPnet retained the option of picking up the fifth season for syndication. SOAPnet did so, starting to air season 5 episodes in January 2009.

title: One Tree Hill (TV series)

text: Criticism of how their characters, Lucas and Peyton, were written out of the series focused mainly on a lack of explanation about where they went, and the exit not having been morbid enough for a star-crossed couple. Although the episode featuring their departure is initially grim, the episode's tone is drastically different by the end. Fans expected a tragic ending because of Lucas and Peyton's star-crossed history and the show's penchant for shocking finales. MTV composed tragic scenarios for how to write the couple out of the series, but concluded by saying, "Maybe after all they've been through in six seasons, these two deserved their happy ending." The exit was picked as one of the "12 most essential episodes of "One Tree Hill"" in 2009 by fans at starnewsonline.com.

title: Nafez Assaily

text:
Assaily recounts episodes of how he advises people struck by settler violence to respond:
Once Israeli soldiers razed all the trees in a community's olive grove. So I convened all of the families involved and told themn that the proper response was not to react violently but to persevere. They had to replant the trees. The first time they did this, all of the seedlings were torn out once more, but on the second occasion we did things differently. To replant them again we bided our time until Israel celebrated the Earth Day festival, when everyone plants a tree. I invited everyone to set about planting trees on that day and no one could raise objections, given the occasion. In the end the soldiers let us keep our trees in exchange for an undertaking to no longer plant any more trees. This was a good result, achieved without any need to throw stones, something which would have given them a pretext for attacking the (local) population."

title: One Tree Hill (song)

text: The American television drama "One Tree Hill" was named for the song after series creator Mark Schwahn was listening to "The Joshua Tree" when writing the idea for the show. "One Tree Hill" was also the name of the series finale, which featured the song in the episode's final scene.

title: One Tree Hill (season 5)

text: The fifth season of "One Tree Hill", an American television series, began on January 8, 2008 with a two-hour episode. This is the second season to air on The CW television network. Season five is set four years into the future from the season 4 finale, and after the main characters have graduated from college.

title: Soapnet

text: On February 7, 2007, Soapnet acquired the rights to air reruns of "The O.C." and "One Tree Hill". The syndication deal also gave Soapnet an option to order a fifth season of "One Tree Hill" to air on the channel in the event that The CW chose not to renew the show (this option was never exercised as first-run episodes of "One Tree Hill" remained on The CW until the series ended in 2012).

title: One Tree Hill (season 6)

text: The CW announced on March 3, 2008 that "One Tree Hill" was renewed for a sixth season. It was later reported the season would consist of twenty-four episodes.

title: Pete Wentz

text: Wentz was in a multi-episode arc of the show "One Tree Hill", appearing at Tric (the local all-ages club in Tree Hill) with the entire band. The band first appeared in an episode "An Attempt to Tip the Scales", where they played their single "Dance, Dance" and went on to appear on Peyton and Ellie's (also One Tree Hill's album) tribute album, "Friends with Benefit" to support cancer awareness. Pete made his first solo cameo in the episode "When It Isn't Like It Should Be" as the romantic interest of Peyton Sawyer, a senior at Tree Hill who had booked the band to play at Tric.

title: The Weepies

text:
Many songs by The Weepies have been licensed for use in films, television shows, and advertisements, including the films "Sex and the City", "Morning Glory", "Adam", and "Prom", as well as episodes of "Grey's Anatomy", "Everwood", "One Tree Hill", "Scrubs", "Pretty Little Liars" , "The Riches", "How I Met Your Mother", "Gossip Girl", "Kyle XY", "Life Unexpected",
"Up All Night", "The Fosters" and "Sense8". The band was prominently featured during an episode of "Dirty Sexy Money" with an on-screen performance as an episode subplot. Songs by the band have also appeared in advertising campaigns, include spots for Old Navy and J. C. Penney, as well as a campaign advertisement for Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.

title: List of One Tree Hill characters

text: Barry Corbin plays Brian Durham, also known as Whitey, as a series regular through seasons one to four, as a guest star for one episode in season five and as a special guest star for one episode in season six. Durham was the Tree Hill Ravens basketball coach throughout seasons one to four, and also a source of wisdom and advice not only for the students of Tree Hill High, but occasionally the adults living in Tree Hill. He was close to Keith Scott and Karen Roe but had a major rivalry with his former basketball player, Dan Scott. Whitey eventually left the Tree Hill Ravens, and during the time period between seasons four and five, he coached a college basketball team, before finally retiring, leaving the college team for Lucas to coach. In season 6, now retired, he is visited by Dan where Dan finally apologizes and they have a reconciliation where Whitey tells Dan that he still has time to earn his family's forgiveness.

title: One Tree Hill (season 6)

text: The sixth season of "One Tree Hill", an American television series, began on September 1, 2008 and concluded on May 18, 2009 with a total of 24 episodes. This is the third season to air on The CW television network. The season's seventh episode, "Messin' with the Kid" achieved a series high in Adults 18–34 with a 2.7 rating.

title: Gerald McRaney

text: Additionally, he has acted in many television films, such as: "Not Our Son" (1995), "Going for Broke" (2003), "" (2004), as General George S. Patton, and "One Tree Hill" as Dan's father. He also starred in an episode of "" (episode 9.24 "All In") and "" (episode 1.13 "Lily") as Det. Andy Ruggio.

title: One Tree Hill (season 5)

text: On November 5, 2007, a strike began between the Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE), Writers Guild of America, west (WGAw) and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers (AMPTP). The strike was speculated to force television shows to end their seasons early, because there would be no future scripts until a settlement was reached. Due to the writer's strike, only twelve out of the twenty-two episodes ordered were thought to be produced. With the end in sight, Mark Schwahn stated, "Although we have six new episodes left, no one is more excited about the end of the strike than we are at One Tree Hill." On the February 5, 2008 episode, "One Tree Hill"'s ratings were second only to "Smallville" for scripted dramas at the CW. Schwahn went on to say that "we'd love the opportunity to continue season five, and if the WGA's new contract is ratified, hopefully we'll be able to do just that. If not, we'll see you for season six." On February 15, the CW announced that six additional episodes would be produced to wrap up the season due to the conclusion of the strike.

title: Civil Twilight (band)

text: Their songs have been featured in many TV spots, including "One Tree Hill" and "Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles". "Quiet In My Town" was prominently featured at the end of Season 6 Episode 3 "Get Cape. Wear Cape. Fly." of "One Tree Hill" on The CW Network. It played for 6 minutes during the coda – the scene of Quentin's funeral. They have also had songs on "Vampire Diaries" and the movie, "".

title: One Tree Hill (season 9)

text: Production for the season began on July 7, 2011 at the Screen Gems Studios, Wilmington, North Carolina. While further scenes are shot in downtown Wilmington, including Wallace Park and Pure Gold Gentlemen's Club. The Corning manufacturing site on North College Road is also being used as the location for some scenes based in Tree Hill's hospital, police station and TV studio. A two-day shoot for some scenes in the season was also held at Kinston Regional Jetport. Paul Johansson will direct at least one episode in the season. At the Television Critics Association summer press tour, president of entertainment at The CW, Mark Pedowitz said "At this point it's the final 13," about the possibility of extending the season. He added, "You never want to say never," revealing that he did speak to executive producer Mark Schwahn and that they agreed that 13 episodes is the best number to close the series with. "One Tree Hill" filmed its final scenes on November 16, 2011.

title: One Tree Hill (TV series)

text:
Music plays a significant part in the plot and the movement of the scenes throughout the show. Schwahn revealed that each episode is named after a particular song, band or album that has something in common with the theme of the episode. Popular indie music has been featured on the show, and various artists have guest-starred.
Three soundtrack albums from the show have been released: "One Tree Hill – Music From The WB Television Series, Vol. 1", "Friends with Benefit: Music from the Television Series One Tree Hill, Volume 2", and "The Road Mix: Music from the Television Series One Tree Hill, Volume 3". A portion of the proceeds of the second soundtrack go to the National Breast Cancer Foundation (NBCF), tying in with a storyline on the show involving breast cancer. On November 13, 2008, iTunes published a soundtrack called "Music From One Tree Hill", which contained songs from the sixth season.

title: The Honorary Title

text: The band is featured on The CW drama "One Tree Hill" soundtrack "The Road Mix: Music from the Television Series One Tree Hill, Vol. 3".They also performed in episode 7 of season 5 of "One Tree Hill" entitled "In Da Club".

title: Pilot (One Tree Hill)

text: "One Tree Hill" was first created to be a feature-length movie with the title "Ravens". However, Mark Schwahn was convinced by fellow producer Joe Davola that it would be more interesting as a TV series. The series features an unaired pilot episode which takes place in the past. It tells the story of Karen and Dan and how she got pregnant. Then, after Dan marries Deb it skips to the future where Lucas has his first day at Tree Hill High. He meets Mouth and others and realizes that maybe basketball is for him; that is, until he and Nathan get into a fight about Dan.

title: One Tree Hill (TV series)

text: The title of the show and the name of the fictional town where the series takes place are derived from the song "One Tree Hill", which is named after the landmark in New Zealand. Most of the show's episodes are titles of songs, bands or albums. Schwahn named the town "Tree Hill" because, while he was writing the idea for the show, he had been listening to the album "The Joshua Tree" by U2. In the early days, fans often asked Schwahn why the show was named "One Tree Hill" when the town was just called Tree Hill. The question is ostensibly answered when Karen tells Lucas in episode 1.22, "There is only one Tree Hill ... and it's your home." The same sentence was said by Haley to Jamie on the roof of Karen's Cafe in episode 9.13, the series finale.

title: One Tree Hill (season 9)

text: The CW announced on their official website that Chad Michael Murray will return as Lucas Scott for a guest appearance. Lucas returns to Tree Hill when Haley reaches out to him for help. Murray later revealed he will return for one episode. He will appear in the seventh episode of the season. Murray revealed in an interview his reasons for returning, "The fans have loved this show and rooted for every character throughout its run. I know how important Luke's return is for our fans and wanted to give them one last ‘Lucas Scott’ moment. Luke's return is for them." Former Desperate Housewives actor Richard Burgi, has been cast as Brooke's father, in a recurring role. Allison Munn and Scott Holroyd will return during season nine as Miss Lauren and David Fletcher, respectively. They will return as a couple, and she will be carrying his child. "Devin McGee"—who portrayed Brooke's attacker and Quentin's murderer, Xavier Daniels during season six—will also return during the season. James Lafferty has signed on for one extra episode, which will be the series finale. Bevin Prince will return as Bevin Mirskey in the series finale. Antwon Tanner will also be a part of the final episode.

title: José González (singer)

text: His cover of The Knife's "Heartbeats" has been used many times. It featured in a Sony BRAVIA commercial featuring 250,000 coloured bouncing balls in San Francisco; in episode 409 and 505 of the CW's "One Tree Hill" and is included on the album "The Road Mix: One Tree Hill Volume 3"; it featured in season 7, episode 2 of "Scrubs"; in season 1, episode 21 of "Brothers & Sisters"; in season 4, episode 17 of "Bones"; in "Stargate Universe"; in "90210"; in season 1, episode 21 of "Whitney"; and in an episode of the British TV show; "Sun, Sea and A+E". "Gone", a 2007 film directed by Ringan Ledwidge, and "Kyss Mig", a 2011 film directed by Alexandra Therese Keining, both feature the track "Lovestain", from the "Veneer" album."

title: Get Cape. Wear Cape. Fly

text: Get Cape. Wear Cape. Fly has also had an episode of American TV show "One Tree Hill" named after him. Every episode of the show has a title with a musical theme, either a song title or band name. Episode 3 of season 6 of "One Tree Hill" is titled "Get Cape. Wear Cape. Fly."

title: List of One Tree Hill characters

text: Hilarie Burton, auditioned for the part of Ed Harris's daughter in the film "Radio". She was encouraged by subsequent callbacks, but did not land the role. However, the casting department remembered her and asked her to send an audition tape for "One Tree Hill", and producers promised her a character that she could sink her teeth into – Peyton. "[Burton] is an old soul," said Mark Schwahn, the series' creator. "She's great. She's always just thrilled to do the job, even though she's kind of new to acting. She's just a joy to be around." Burton said, "I've never studied acting or anything because I've been so lucky with MTV. I'm convinced I got the chance to be on "One Tree Hill" because I did a guest thing on "Dawson's Creek" as myself, when the cast appeared at the MTV Beach House." She added, "And my only scene was with Chad Michael Murray (Lucas Scott). So, now The Chad and I are reunited. How bizarre is that?"

title: One Tree Hill (season 7)

text: The seventh season of "One Tree Hill" premiered on September 14, 2009. This is the first season not to include the show's original cast members Chad Michael Murray and Hilarie Burton. After successful ratings for the first three episodes, The CW gave the series a full-season order of 22 episodes.

title: One Tree Hill (TV series)

text: "One Tree Hill" is known for its numerous voice-overs featuring either literary quotes or characters reflecting on events of the episode. Most of them have been made by Chad Michael Murray's character Lucas. However, other characters have done so several times. Guest stars Bryan Greenberg, Sheryl Lee, Torrey DeVitto, and Ashley Rickards have also done voice-overs for single episodes. Characters who interact with the main cast, such as Bevin, Chase, Shelly and Glenda, helped to narrate the joint episodes, being portrayed by Bevin Prince, Stephen Colletti, Elisabeth Harnois and Amber Wallace. As the show progresses, songs continue to replace voiceovers occasionally. At the beginning of season 7, Paul Johansson's character, Dan Scott, has taken over the narrator's role.

title: The Sims 3

text: On March 23, 2009, the look and feel of "The Sims 3" was threaded throughout the storyline of an episode of The CW series "One Tree Hill". On screen, the episode opens in an idealized Sims version of "One Tree Hill" and then transitions into the real Tree Hill. As this episode plays out, Sims versions of popular "One Tree Hill" characters are introduced and then morph into the real-life characters, including Dan (Paul Johansson), Lucas (Chad Michael Murray) and Peyton (Hilarie Burton).


query: Which countries are known to have nuclear weapons?

title: List of states with nuclear weapons

text: There are eight sovereign states that have successfully detonated nuclear weapons.[1] Five are considered to be nuclear-weapon states (NWS) under the terms of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). In order of acquisition of nuclear weapons these are: the United States, Russia (the successor state to the Soviet Union), the United Kingdom, France, and China.

title: List of states with nuclear weapons

text: Israel is widely believed to have been the sixth country in the world to develop nuclear weapons, but has not acknowledged its nuclear forces. It had "rudimentary, but deliverable," nuclear weapons available as early as 1966.[84][85][86][87][88][89][90][10] Israel is not a party to the NPT. Israel engages in strategic ambiguity, saying it would not be the first country to "introduce" nuclear weapons into the region, but refusing to otherwise confirm or deny a nuclear weapons program or arsenal. This policy of "nuclear opacity" has been interpreted as an attempt to get the benefits of deterrence with a minimum political cost.[10][11]

title: United States and weapons of mass destruction

text: The United States is known to have possessed three types of weapons of mass destruction: nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, and biological weapons. The U.S. is the only country to have used nuclear weapons in combat, when it detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. It had secretly developed the earliest form of the atomic weapon during the 1940s under the title "Manhattan Project". The United States pioneered the development of both the nuclear fission and hydrogen bombs (the latter involving nuclear fusion). It was the world's first and only nuclear power for four years (1945–1949), until the Soviet Union managed to produce its own nuclear weapon. The United States has the second largest number of deployed nuclear weapons in the world, after Russia.

title: Global issue

text: Four countries besides the five recognized Nuclear Weapons States have acquired, or are presumed to have acquired, nuclear weapons: India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel. None of these four is a party to the NPT, although North Korea acceded to the NPT in 1985, then withdrew in 2003 and conducted announced nuclear tests in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2016, and 2017. One critique of the NPT is that the treaty is discriminatory in the sense that only those countries that tested nuclear weapons before 1968 are recognized as nuclear weapon states while all other states are treated as non-nuclear-weapon states who can only join the treaty if they forswear nuclear weapons.

title: Global issue

text: Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons, fissionable material, and weapons-applicable nuclear technology and information to nations not recognized as "Nuclear Weapon States" by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT. Proliferation has been opposed by many nations with and without nuclear weapons, as governments fear that more countries with nuclear weapons will increase the possibility of nuclear warfare (up to and including the so-called "countervalue" targeting of civilians with nuclear weapons), de-stabilize international or regional relations, or infringe upon the national sovereignty of states.

title: India and weapons of mass destruction

text: In August 2008, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) approved safeguards agreement with India under which the former will gradually gain access to India's civilian nuclear reactors. In September 2008, the Nuclear Suppliers Group granted India a waiver allowing it to access civilian nuclear technology and fuel from other countries. The implementation of this waiver makes India the only known country with nuclear weapons which is not a party to the NPT but is still allowed to carry out nuclear commerce with the rest of the world.

title: Nuclear sharing

text: Nuclear sharing is a concept in NATO's policy of nuclear deterrence, which involves member countries without nuclear weapons of their own in the planning for the use of nuclear weapons by NATO. In particular, it provides for the armed forces of those countries to be involved in delivering nuclear weapons in the event of their use.

title: Nuclear weapons debate

text: After the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the world’s nuclear weapons stockpiles grew, and nuclear weapons have been detonated on over two thousand occasions for testing and demonstration purposes. Countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons—and that acknowledge possessing such weapons—are (chronologically): the United States, the Soviet Union (succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia), the United Kingdom, France, the People's Republic of China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea.

title: Nuclear warfare

text: After World War II, nuclear weapons were also developed by the Soviet Union (1949), the United Kingdom (1952), France (1960), and the People's Republic of China (1964), which contributed to the state of conflict and extreme tension that became known as the Cold War. In 1974, India, and in 1998, Pakistan, two countries that were openly hostile toward each other, developed nuclear weapons. Israel (1960s) and North Korea (2006) are also thought to have developed stocks of nuclear weapons, though it is not known how many. The Israeli government has never admitted or denied to having nuclear weapons, although it is known to have constructed the reactor and reprocessing plant necessary for building nuclear weapons.[10] South Africa also manufactured several complete nuclear weapons in the 1980s, but subsequently became the first country to voluntarily destroy their domestically made weapons stocks and abandon further production (1990s).[11] Nuclear weapons have been detonated on over 2,000 occasions for testing purposes and demonstrations.[12][13]

title: France and weapons of mass destruction

text: France is one of the five "Nuclear Weapons States" under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, but is not known to possess or develop any chemical or biological weapons. France was the fourth country to test an independently developed nuclear weapon in 1960, under the government of Charles de Gaulle. The French military is currently thought to retain a weapons stockpile of around 300 operational (deployed) nuclear warheads, making it the third-largest in the world, speaking in terms of warheads, not megatons. The weapons are part of the national "Force de frappe", developed in the late 1950s and 1960s to give France the ability to distance itself from NATO while having a means of nuclear deterrence under sovereign control.

title: Nuclear weapons and Israel

text: The State of Israel is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons. Current estimates put the size of the Israeli nuclear arsenal at between 80 and 400 nuclear warheads, and the country is believed to possess the ability to deliver them in a variety of methods including: aircraft; submarine-launched cruise missiles; and the Jericho series of intermediate to intercontinental range ballistic missiles. Its first deliverable nuclear weapon is thought to have been created in late 1966 or early 1967; which would make it the sixth country in the world to have developed them.

title: Historical nuclear weapons stockpiles and nuclear tests by country

text: The United Kingdom became a nuclear power in 1952, and their nuclear arsenal peaked at just under 500 nuclear weapons in 1981. France became a nuclear power in 1960, and French nuclear stockpiles peaked at just over 500 nuclear weapons in 1992. China developed its first nuclear weapon in 1964; its nuclear stockpile increased until the early 1980s, when it stabilized at between 200 and 260. India became a nuclear power in 1974, while Pakistan developed its first nuclear weapon in the 1980s. India and Pakistan currently have around one hundred nuclear weapons each. Pakistan's nuclear stockpile has increased rapidly, and it is speculated that Pakistan might have more nuclear weapons than the United Kingdom within a decade.

title: Nuclear power

text:
As of April 2012 there were thirty one countries that have civil nuclear power plants, of which nine have nuclear weapons, with the vast majority of these nuclear weapons states having first produced weapons, before commercial fission electricity stations.
Moreover, the re-purposing of civilian nuclear industries for military purposes would be a breach of the Non-proliferation treaty, of which 190 countries adhere to.

title: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

text: Although the arms race and the Cold War, which were focuses of the "Bulletin" for many of the earlier years, are no longer occurring, the publication still focuses on the nuclear dangers that exist in the world today. As more countries such as Pakistan and India have tested nuclear weapons, the "Bulletin" has focused on the dangers posed by these countries. The "Bulletin's" bi-monthly "Nuclear Notebook" is written by Federation of American Scientists experts Hans Kristensen and Matt Korda and tracks the number of nuclear weapons in the world by country. Robert "Stan" Norris, who was a founding co-author of the Nuclear Notebook, retired from the Notebook in 2018, although he is still a senior fellow at FAS. In 2015, the "Bulletin" added the Nuclear Notebook Interactive, an infographic that illustrates which countries have nuclear weapons and when they got them, and how many nuclear warheads they have in any given year. All nine nuclear-armed states are featured: the United States, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, France, Britain, Israel, and North Korea.

title: Nuclear proliferation

title: Nuclear triad

text: The triad gives countries a way to deliver a nuclear attack by land, sea or air. For the United States, the idea to have these three options was for the purpose of retaliation. If two of the three legs of the triad were destroyed, the third could still have a retaliatory strike. Also, having these three legs protects against the issue of new technology, like an enemy missile-defense system. It also gives the commander-in-chief the flexibility to use different types of weapons for the appropriate strike while also maintaining a reserve of nuclear weapons safe from a counter-force strike.Tactical nuclear weapons, also known as non-strategic nuclear weapons, are used in air, land and sea warfare. Their primary use in a non-strategic war-fighting role is to destroy military forces in the battle area. But, depending on the target in today's nuclear age, they are not counted toward triad status because of the possibility that many of these systems could be used as strategic weapons. During the Cold War, it was easy to point out which nuclear weapons were tactical. Each type of weapon had different capabilities that were better suited for different missions. Air-to-air missiles, rockets, surface-to-air missiles, small air-to-ground rockets, bombs, and precision munitions have been developed and deployed with nuclear warheads. Ground forces have included tactical nuclear artillery shells, surface-to-surface rockets, land mines, medium and small man-packable nuclear engineering demolition charges, and even man-carried or vehicle-mounted recoilless rifles. Naval forces have carried weapons that include nuclear-armed naval rockets, depth charges, torpedoes, and naval gunnery shells.

title: Reactor-grade plutonium

text: As of April 2012, there were thirty-one countries that have civil nuclear power plants, of which nine have nuclear weapons, and almost every nuclear weapons state began producing weapons first instead of commercial nuclear power plants. The re-purposing of civilian nuclear industries for military purposes would be a breach of the Non-proliferation treaty.

title: Nuclear triad

text: Israel is known to have nuclear-capable aircraft and land-base missiles, with the addition of nuclear-armed submarines this would mean that they now have a full triad of land-, air-, and sea-based nuclear delivery systems some of which would be invulnerable to a first strike by an enemy for the first time in their country's history. No other nation in the Middle East in known to be in possession of nuclear weapons, even though Iran, Iraq, Syria and Libya have started development programs that were never completed.

title: Nuclear weapons of the United States

text: This table is not comprehensive, as numerous facilities throughout the United States have contributed to its nuclear weapons program. It includes the major sites related to the U.S. weapons program (past and present), their basic site functions, and their current status of activity. Not listed are the many bases and facilities at which nuclear weapons have been deployed. In addition to deploying weapons on its own soil, during the Cold War, the United States also stationed nuclear weapons in 27 foreign countries and territories, including Okinawa (which was US-controlled until 1971,) Japan (during the occupation immediately following World War II), Greenland, Germany, Taiwan, and French Morocco then independent Morocco.

title: Iran and weapons of mass destruction

text: Iran states it has a legal right to enrich uranium for peaceful purposes under the NPT, and further says that it "has constantly complied with its obligations under the NPT and the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency". Twelve other countries are known to operate uranium enrichment facilities. Iran states that "the failure of certain Nuclear- Weapon States to fulfill their international obligations continue to be a source of threat for the international community". Iran also states that "the only country that has ever used nuclear weapons still maintains a sizable arsenal of thousands of nuclear warheads" and calls for a stop to the transfer of technology to non-NPT states. Iran has called for the development of a follow-up committee to ensure compliance with global nuclear disarmanent. Iran and many other nations without nuclear weapons have said that the present situation whereby Nuclear Weapon States monopolise the right to possess nuclear weapons is "highly discriminatory", and they have pushed for steps to accelerate the process of nuclear disarmament.

title: 20th-century events

text: Since the 1940s there were concerns about the rising proliferation of nuclear weapons to new countries, which was seen as being destabilizing to international relations, spurring regional arms races, and generally increasing the likelihood of some form of nuclear war. Eventually, nine nations would overtly develop nuclear weapons, and still maintain stockpiles today: the United States, the Soviet Union (and later Russia would inherit these), the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, Israel and North Korea. South Africa developed six crude weapons in the 1980s (which it later dismantled), and Israel almost certainly developed nuclear weapons though it never confirmed nor denied it. The creation of the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty in 1968 was an attempt to curtail such proliferation, but a number of countries developed nuclear weapons since it was signed (and many did not sign it), and a number of other countries, including Libya and Iran were suspected of having clandestine nuclear weapons programs.

title: Nuclear Free World Policy

text: These countries are weary of nuclear weapons’ deployment above everything else. Although 8 states are exempted from ban on nuclear weapons, 5 nations retain a de jure status of a “nuclear weapon state.” These states are the United States of America, the United Kingdom, the People’s Republic of China, France and Russia—all of whom had already tested nuclear weapons before the NPT was signed. NWS’s right to possess a nuclear arsenal is countered by Article VI of the treaty, which says that they have a legal obligation to eventually disarm. They also criticized NWS countries for failing to meet their obligation to disarm, in addition to criticizing the 3 states non-signatory nuclear weapons-capable states (which are considered de facto nuclear weapons states). This was stated in point 4 of the Joint Declaration of 1998:

title: Nuclear-weapon-free zone

text:
A nuclear-weapons-free zone (NWFZ) is defined by the United Nations as an agreement which a group of states has freely established by treaty or convention that bans the use, development, or deployment of nuclear weapons in a given area, that has mechanisms of verification and control to enforce its obligations, and that is recognized as such by the General Assembly of the United Nations.
NWFZs have a similar purpose to, but are distinct from, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to which most countries including five nuclear weapons states are party. Another term, nuclear-free zone, often means an area which has banned both nuclear power and nuclear weapons, and sometimes nuclear waste and nuclear propulsion, and usually does not mean a UN-acknowledged international treaty.

title: Nuclear proliferation

text: Research into the development of nuclear weapons was initially undertaken during World War II by the United States (in cooperation with the United Kingdom and Canada), Germany, Japan, and the USSR. The United States was the first and is the only country to have used a nuclear weapon in war, when it used two bombs against Japan in August 1945. After surrendering to end the war, Germany and Japan ceased to be involved in any nuclear weapon research. In August 1949, the USSR tested a nuclear weapon, becoming the second country to detonate a nuclear bomb. The United Kingdom first tested a nuclear weapon in October 1952. France first tested a nuclear weapon in 1960. The People's Republic of China detonated a nuclear weapon in 1964. India conducted its first nuclear test in 1974, which prompted Pakistan to develop its own nuclear program and, when India conducted a second series of nuclear tests in 1998, Pakistan followed with a series of tests of its own. In 2006, North Korea conducted its first nuclear test.

text: Over the years the NPT has come to be seen by many Third World states as "a conspiracy of the nuclear 'haves' to keep the nuclear 'have-nots' in their place". This argument has roots in Article VI of the treaty which "obligates the nuclear weapons states to liquidate their nuclear stockpiles and pursue complete disarmament. The non-nuclear states see no signs of this happening". Some argue that the NWS have not fully complied with their disarmament obligations under Article VI of the NPT. Some countries such as India have criticized the NPT, because it "discriminated against states not possessing nuclear weapons on January 1, 1967," while Iran and numerous Arab states have criticized Israel for not signing the NPT. There has been disappointment with the limited progress on nuclear disarmament, where the five authorized nuclear weapons states still have 22,000 warheads among them and have shown a reluctance to disarm further.

title: Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia

text: Saudi Arabia is not known to have a nuclear weapons program. From an official and public standpoint, Saudi Arabia has been an opponent of nuclear weapons in the Middle East, having signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and is a member of the coalition of countries demanding a Nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East. Studies of nuclear proliferation have not identified Saudi Arabia as a country of concern.

text: Other observers have suggested that the linkage between proliferation and disarmament may also work the other way, i.e., that the failure to resolve proliferation threats in Iran and North Korea, for instance, will cripple the prospects for disarmament. No current nuclear weapons state, the argument goes, would seriously consider eliminating its last nuclear weapons without high confidence that other countries would not acquire them. Some observers have even suggested that the very progress of disarmament by the superpowers—which has led to the elimination of thousands of weapons and delivery systems—could eventually make the possession of nuclear weapons more attractive by increasing the perceived strategic value of a small arsenal. As one U.S. official and NPT expert warned in 2007, "logic suggests that as the number of nuclear weapons decreases, the 'marginal utility' of a nuclear weapon as an instrument of military power increases. At the extreme, which it is precisely disarmament's hope to create, the strategic utility of even one or two nuclear weapons would be huge."

title: Nuclear weapon

text: Nuclear weapons have also been opposed by agreements between countries. Many nations have been declared Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones, areas where nuclear weapons production and deployment are prohibited, through the use of treaties. The Treaty of Tlatelolco (1967) prohibited any production or deployment of nuclear weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Treaty of Pelindaba (1964) prohibits nuclear weapons in many African countries. As recently as 2006 a Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone was established among the former Soviet republics of Central Asia prohibiting nuclear weapons.

title: Nuclear weapon

text: Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nuclear weapons have been detonated over two thousand times for testing and demonstration. Only a few nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them. The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons—and acknowledge possessing them—are (chronologically by date of first test) the United States, the Soviet Union (succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia), the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea. Israel is believed to possess nuclear weapons, though, in a policy of deliberate ambiguity, it does not acknowledge having them. Germany, Italy, Turkey, Belgium and the Netherlands are nuclear weapons sharing states.[4][5][6] South Africa is the only country to have independently developed and then renounced and dismantled its nuclear weapons.[7]

title: Nuclear proliferation

title: Weapon of mass destruction

text: The only country to have used a nuclear weapon in war is the United States, which dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. There are eight countries that have declared they possess nuclear weapons and are known to have tested a nuclear weapon, only five of which are members of the NPT. The eight are China, France, India, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.


query: What is the tallest mountain in the US?

title: List of the highest major summits of the United States

text: In the United States, only Denali exceeds 6000 meters (19,685 feet) elevation. Four major summits exceed 5000 meters (16,404 feet), nine exceed 4500 meters (14,764 feet), 104 exceed 4000 meters (13,123 feet), 220 exceed 3500 meters (11,483 feet), and 302 major summits exceed 3000 meters' (9843 feet) elevation.

title: Whitetail Peak

text: Whitetail Peak () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beartooth Mountains, the fifth-tallest in Montana, and is located in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness of Custer National Forest.

title: Pine Mountain (Bartow County, Georgia)

text: Pine Mountain is located in southeastern Bartow County. I-75 runs to the west of the mountain, while Lake Allatoona is located to the east. The summit, located inside Cartersville's city limits, is mostly treeless and contains several rock outcrops. Lake Allatoona, Cartersville, Plant Bowen and Atlanta are visible from the summit. With an elevation of , Pine Mountain is the third tallest mountain of Bartow County, if using a prominence rule. Much of land around the mountain used to be owned by businessman and politician Mark Anthony Cooper.

title: Mount Tate

text: , commonly referred to as simply Tateyama, is a mountain located in the southeastern area of Toyama Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the tallest mountains in the Hida Mountains at and, along with Mount Fuji and Mount Haku, it is one of Japan's . Tateyama is a term for the mountain consisting of three peaks: Ōnanjiyama (大汝山, 3,015m), Oyama (雄山, 3,003m), and Fuji-no-Oritateyama, (富士ノ折立, 2,999m) which run along a ridge (see photo). Tateyama is the tallest mountain in the Tateyama Mountain Range (立山連峰, Tateyama-renpō).

title: Castle Rock Spire

text: Castle Rock Spire () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beartooth Mountains, the seventh tallest in Montana and in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness of Custer and Gallatin National Forests. Castle Rock Spire is only WSW of Castle Mountain. The Sundance Glacier lies on the north slopes of the peak.

title: Expedition Everest

text: Expedition Everest is often compared to the 1959 Matterhorn Bobsleds roller coaster at Disneyland, which also features a snowy mountain setting and an "abominable snowman" figure throughout the ride. Expedition Everest's mountain is made from 1,800 tons of steel and painted with 2,000 gallons of paint. It is the tallest artificial mountain in the world, but not, as occasionally cited, the tallest point in Florida. It is Disney's 18th mountain-themed attraction.

title: La Paz

text: La Paz is located in the valleys of the Andes, close to the Eastern split of the Altiplano region. It is closer to such notable mountains as the Illimani (guardian of La Paz), Huayna Potosi, Mururata, and Illampu. On the Western side of the Altiplano divide, about an hour to the west of the La Paz, is the Sajama Volcano, the tallest mountain in Bolivia and ninth-tallest mountain in the Andes.

title: List of tallest mountains in the Solar System

text: This is a list of the tallest mountains in the Solar System. The tallest peak or peaks on worlds where significant mountains have been measured are given; in some cases, the tallest peaks of different classes on a world are also listed. At 21.9km, the enormous shield volcano Olympus Mons on Mars is the tallest mountain on any planet in the Solar System. For 40 years, following its discovery in 1971, it was the tallest mountain known in the Solar System. However, in 2011, the central peak of the crater Rheasilvia on the asteroid and protoplanet Vesta was found to be of comparable height.[n 1]

title: Crowne Plaza Hotel Billings

text: The Doubletree by Hilton, formerly known as The Crowne Plaza and before that, the Sheraton Billings Hotel, is a high-rise located in the Downtown Business District of Billings, Montana. It is the second-tallest building in the northern Rocky Mountain region and was the tallest from 1980 - 1985 until the completion of the First Interstate Center, also in Billings. Construction started on the building in 1979 and was completed in 1980; it rises in height. It is used primarily for hotel space, and is the tallest hotel building in Montana.

title: Kistenuten

text: Kistenuten is a tall mountain in southern Norway. It is located in the Ryfylkeheiane mountains at the tripoint border of three different counties (and three municipalities): Suldal municipality in Rogaland county, Odda municipality in Hordaland county, and Vinje municipality in Telemark county. The mountain is the fourth tallest mountain in Telemark county, the second tallest in Rogaland county, but it is not even in the top 25 tallest mountains in Hordaland county. The mountain Sandfloegga lies about to the north in the Hardangervidda National Park.

title: Mountaineering

text:
In 1897 Mount Saint Elias () on the Alaska-Yukon border was summitted by the Duke of the Abruzzi and party. But it was not until 1913 that Denali (), the tallest peak in North America, was successfully climbed by Hudson Stuck. Mount Logan (), the tallest peak in Canada was first summitted by a half dozen climbers in 1925 in an expedition that took more than two months.
In 1879-1880 the exploration of the highest Andes in South America began when English mountaineer Edward Whymper climbed Chimborazo () and explored the mountains of Ecuador. The Cordillera between Chile and Argentina was visited by Paul Güssfeldt in 1883, who ascended the volcano Maipo () and attempted to climb the tallest mountain in the Americas, Aconcagua () that same year but was unsuccessful. The summit of Aconcagua was finally reached on January 14, 1897 by Swiss mountaineer Matthias Zurbriggen during an expedition led by Edward FitzGerald that began in December 1896. The Andes of Bolivia were first explored by Sir William Martin Conway in 1898, who later visited the mountains of Tierra del Fuego on the southern tip of South America.

title: Rich Mountain (Georgia)

text: With an elevation of , Rich Mountain is the second tallest mountain in Gilmer County and the highest point of the Rich Mountain Wilderness. It is also the 21st tallest mountain in the state of Georgia, if using a 160 feet prominence rule.

title: Jirisan

text: Jirisan is a mountain located in the southern region of South Korea. It is the second-tallest mountain in South Korea after Jeju Island's Hallasan, and the tallest mountain in mainland South Korea. After Jirisan, Seoraksan is the third tallest mountain in South Korea and the second-tallest mountain on the South Korean mainland.

title: De dicto and de re

text: Consider the sentence "Jana wants to marry the tallest man in Fulsom County". It could be read either "de dicto" or "de re"; the meanings would be different. One interpretation is that Jana wants to marry the tallest man in Fulsom County, whoever he might be. On this interpretation, what the statement tells us is that Jana has a certain unspecific desire; what she desires is that a certain situation should obtain, namely, "Jana's marrying the tallest man in Fulsom County". The desire is directed at that situation, regardless of how it is to be achieved. The other interpretation is that Jana wants to marry a certain man, who in fact happens to be the tallest man in Fulsom County. Her desire is for "that man", and she desires herself to marry "him". Again, the first interpretation, "Jana desires that she marry the tallest man in Fulsom County", is the "de dicto" interpretation. The second interpretation, "Of the tallest man in Fulsom County, Jana desires that she marry him", is the "de re" interpretation.

title: Grassy Mountain (Georgia)

text:
Grassy Mountain is a summit in Murray County, Georgia. At its highest point, the mountain has an elevation of . It is the second tallest peak in Murray County, if using a 100 feet (30 m) prominence rule, behind nearby Bald Mountain.
Grassy Mountain is located in the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest near Lake Conasauga. There is a fire lookout tower at the top of the mountain that offers views of Fort Mountain, the Cohutta Wilderness and the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians.

title: Tempest Mountain

text: Tempest Mountain () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beartooth Mountains, the eighth tallest in Montana and is in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness of Custer National Forest. Tempest Mountain is less than ENE of Granite Peak, the tallest mountain in Montana.

title: Mount Chōkai

text: Chōkai is the second tallest mountain in Tōhoku after Mount Hiuchigatake in Fukushima Prefecture. Although Hiuchigatake in the south is technically the taller mountain, it lies on the border of Kantō region in Gunma, and as such, Chōkai is thought by many to be the tallest true Tōhoku mountain.

title: Silver Run Peak

text: Silver Run Peak () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beartooth Mountains, the six tallest in Montana, and is located in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness of Custer National Forest. Silver Run Peak is the high point of the expansive Silver Run Plateau, a high-altitude plateau in the eastern Beartooth Mountains.

title: Central Mountain Range

text: In a broad sense, Central Mountain Range includes its conjoint ranges such as Xueshan Range and Yushan Range; thus the tallest peak of Central Mountain Range in this sense is Yushan (Jade Mountain/Mount Morrison), 3,952 meters (12,966 feet), and the second tallest peak is Xueshan (Snow Mountain), .

title: DaWu Mountain

text: DaWu Mountain (), is a mountain of historical and cultural significance located north of the city of Xinyi in Guangdong province, China. The tallest peak is the Datian Peak (), as the tallest peak in the west of Guangdong province, which is commonly reported as 1703.8 metres (5,588 ft) tall.

title: Castle Rock Mountain

text: Castle Rock Mountain () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beatooth Mountains, the tenth-tallest in Montana and is in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, on the border of Custer and Gallatin national forests. The nearest taller mountain to Castle Rock Mountain is Castle Rock Spire, east. Castle Rock Mountain is flanked by the Sundance Glacier to the north and the Castle Rock Glacier to the south.

title: Geography of China

text: The world's tallest mountains, the Karakorum, Pamirs and Tian Shan divide China from South and Central Asia. Eleven of the seventeen tallest mountain peaks on Earth are located on China's western borders. They include the world's tallest peak Mt. Everest (8848 m) in the Himalayas on the border with Nepal and the world's second tallest peak, K2 (8611 m) on the border with Pakistan. From these towering heights in the west, the land descends in steps like a terrace.

title: Beartooth Mountain

text: Beartooth Mountain () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beatooth Mountains, the 11th tallest in Montana (tied with Bowback Mountain) and is in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness in Custer National Forest. Along a ridge to the northeast lies the spire known as Bears Tooth ().

title: Bowback Mountain

text: Bowback Mountain () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beatooth Mountains, the 11th tallest in Montana (tied with Beartooth Mountain) and is in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness in Custer National Forest.

title: Geography of North Carolina

text:
The piedmont section consists of the tallest peaks east of the Rocky Mountains. The tallest of the Appalachian Mountains is Mount Mitchell. Mount Mitchell is also the tallest point east of the Mississippi River.
The section enclosed within these limits is in shape somewhat like an ellipse. Its length is about ; its average breadth is from . It is a high plateau, from the plane of which several high mountains rise, including the Roan, the Grandfather, and the Black. Between the mountains are scenic fertile valleys, plentifully watered by streams.

title: Mountain

text: Heights of mountains are typically measured above sea level. Using this metric, Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth, at . There are at least 100 mountains with heights of over above sea level, all of which are located in central and southern Asia. The highest mountains above sea level are generally not the highest above the surrounding terrain. There is no precise definition of surrounding base, but Denali, Mount Kilimanjaro and Nanga Parbat are possible candidates for the tallest mountain on land by this measure. The bases of mountain islands are below sea level, and given this consideration Mauna Kea ( above sea level) is the world's tallest mountain and volcano, rising about from the Pacific Ocean floor.

title: Mount Kiligantian

text:
Mount Kinigantian or Kiligantian, (Bundok Kinigantian or Kiligantian) is a mountain in the island of Luzon, in the Philippines. Standing at 5,490 ft. ( 1,673meters ), it is the tallest mountain in the province of Nueva Ecija, near Central Luzon. Mount Kiligantian is part of the Sierra Madre Mountain range which passes though the eastern part of the province.
The mountain has three peaks, referred locally as "Koronang Hari". The tallest peak, Peak 3 dominates the surrounding hillside and is visible for miles around.
The mountain is home to several rare species of rodents endemic to the archipelago.

title: Pinus strobus

text: The southern Appalachian Mountains have the most locations and the tallest trees in the present range of "Pinus strobus". One survivor is a specimen known as the "Boogerman Pine" in the Cataloochee Valley of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. At tall, it is the tallest accurately measured tree in North America east of the Rocky Mountains. It has been climbed and measured by tape drop by the Native Tree Society. Before Hurricane Opal broke its top in October 1995, Boogerman Pine was tall, as determined by Will Blozan and Robert Leverett using ground-based measurements.

title: Mount Peal

text: Mount Peal () is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beatooth Mountains, the ninth tallest in Montana and is in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness of Custer National Forest. The nearest taller mountain to Mount Peal is Tempest Mountain, WNW.

title: Dome Mountain (Hot Springs County, Wyoming)

text: Dome Mountain () is the highest peak in the Washakie Range in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Dome Mountain is in the Washakie Wilderness of Shoshone National Forest. The Washakie Range is one of the southern groups of mountains within the Absaroka Range, the other being the Owl Creek Mountains. Dome Mountain is the second tallest peak in the Washakie Range and is only north of Washakie Needles, which is the tallest.

title: Big Bald Mountain

text: With an elevation of , Big Bald Mountain is the tallest mountain in Gilmer County. It is also the 19th tallest mountain in the state of Georgia, if using a 160 feet prominence rule.


query: Are Peanuts comics still being made?

title: Peanuts

text: Peanuts is a syndicated daily and Sunday American comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M. Schulz that ran from October 2, 1950, to February 13, 2000, continuing in reruns afterward. Peanuts is among the most popular and influential in the history of comic strips, with 17,897 strips published in all,[1] making it "arguably the longest story ever told by one human being".[2] At its peak in the mid- to late 1960s, Peanuts ran in over 2,600 newspapers, with a readership of around 355 million in 75 countries, and was translated into 21 languages.[3] It helped to cement the four-panel gag strip as the standard in the United States,[4] and together with its merchandise earned Schulz more than $1 billion.[1]

title: Zombie strip

text: The practice of continuing a zombie comic strip is commonly criticized by cartoonists, particularly younger ones in the new generation, including Bill Watterson and Stephan Pastis. Pastis addressed the issue in his strip, "Pearls Before Swine", in 2005. Mark Tatulli also commented on zombie strips in his strip "Liō" in 2010. and in 2013. After an incident in which United Feature Syndicate secretly retained the services of superhero comic artist Al Plastino to continue the comic strip "Peanuts" in case of an interruption, Charles Schulz, author and creator of "Peanuts", requested that his strip (which, in contrast to most comic strips today, he drew completely on his own with no assistants of any kind) not be continued by another cartoonist after his death; Schulz's family (as well as Universal Uclick, which currently holds the strip's publication rights) has honored his wishes. Since Schulz's death in 2000, "Peanuts" has continued in reruns under the title "Classic Peanuts".

title: Comic book therapy

text: The foundations of the comics industry began in the early 1920's just after the culmination of the First World War. Initially starting out as small black-and-white strips, comics predominantly acted as entertaining filler space within national and local magazines and newspapers around the country. It was not until 1929 with the publication of "The Funnies #1" that the first collection of comics material came about. The years following witnessed a spurt of comics publication that lasted up until present day with children and adults alike still knowing names like "Batman, Superman, Peanuts," and "Calvin and Hobbes."

text: It's the Girl in the Red Truck, Charlie Brown is the 32nd prime-time animated TV special based upon the popular comic strip "Peanuts," by Charles M. Schulz. It is a hybrid of animation and live-action footage, and features Spike instead of the core "Peanuts" characters. A spin-off focused on Spike's unrequited love for a young woman, it was described to being similar to "Beauty and the Beast".

title: The Peanuts Movie

text: Scott Mendelson from "Forbes" was more critical of the film, saying there was "nothing objectively wrong with "The Peanuts Movie"", but as he personally was not a fan of the "Peanuts" comic strip, that made him "anti-Charlie Brown", loathing each time Charlie Brown failed in the film. Joe McGovern from "Entertainment Weekly" was also not as receptive, giving the film a grade of C+, and criticizing the animation, stating, "Even if you assume that Schulz always wanted his frozen pond reflecting lustrous light and Snoopy frolicking in a lavish Hayao Miyazaki world, the animation steroids injected into the aesthetic here nonetheless shrivel the great melancholy that's so key to the comic's endurance".

title: Patty (Peanuts)

text: In the 2015 film "The Peanuts Movie", her last name is given as Swanson. This name never appeared in the comic strip or in any official Peanuts media during Schulz's lifetime and is thus not canon.

title: The Gospel According to Peanuts

text: "The Gospel According to" Peanuts is a 1965 book written by Robert L. Short about Charles M. Schulz's comic strip, "Peanuts". The book is based on Short's use of the "Peanuts" characters to illustrate his lectures about the Christian Gospel.

title: Sunday comics

text: Currently, the largest and most complete format for most Sunday strips, such as "Peanuts", is the half page. A few strips have been popular enough for the artist to insist on the Sunday strip being run in a half-page format, though not necessarily in a half-page size. "Calvin and Hobbes" was the first strip to do this, followed by "Outland" and later "Opus". "The Reading Eagle" is one of the few newspapers that still run half-page Sunday strips.

title: Circus peanut

text:
As of the 2010s, mass-produced circus peanuts are made from sugar, corn syrup, gelatin, pectin, soy protein, food coloring and artificial flavor.
Over the years, confectioners have also offered circus peanuts colored yellow, pink, and white, including a variety of flavors, though orange is still the most predominant color and banana the most common flavor, by far. The leading producers of circus peanuts are Melster Candies, Spangler Candy Company, and Brach's, but they produce an essentially identical product. Circus peanuts sold in generic label bags in retail stores such as convenience stores, grocery stores, and drug stores are almost always manufactured by one of the three candy companies listed above, simply sold in a generic package. The Publix supermarket chain at one time sold generic circus peanuts under its own label, manufactured by Farley and Sathers. The serving size is 5 peanuts.

title: Peanut

text: Refined peanut oil will not cause allergic reactions in most people with peanut allergies. However, crude (unrefined) peanut oils have been shown to contain protein, which may cause allergic reactions. In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, 60 people with proven peanut allergy were challenged with both crude peanut oil and refined peanut oil. The authors concluded, "Crude peanut oil caused allergic reactions in 10% of allergic subjects studied and should continue to be avoided." They also stated, "Refined peanut oil does not seem to pose a risk to most people with peanut allergy." However, they point out that refined peanut oil can still pose a risk to peanut-allergic individuals if oil that has previously been used to cook foods containing peanuts is reused.

title: Reese's Crispy Crunchy Bar

text: Reese's Crispy Crunchy Bar is a candy bar similar to the Butterfinger, Clark Bar and 5th Avenue but differs by adding peanuts and peanut butter. It has a middle section made of flaky peanut butter, a layer of peanut butter, is covered with chopped peanuts and then coated with milk chocolate. The candy bar was introduced in February 2006in the United States as an addition to their Reese's product line and is currently still in production.

title: Nat Gertler

text: Nat Gertler (born April 30, 1965) is an American writer known for his comic books and his books about comics, including two on Charles Schulz's "Peanuts". Gertler is the publisher of About Comics, and founded an annual cartoonists' challenge, 24 Hour Comics Day. He was nominated for two Eisner Awards. Gertler made a guest appearance on the comic review show "Atop The Fourth Wall" as himself.

title: Shermy

text: Shermy is a fictional character from the comic strip "Peanuts", by Charles Schulz. Schulz named him after a friend from high school. When Peanuts made its debut on October 2, 1950, Shermy had the first lines of dialogue in the series, ending with "Good ol' Charlie Brown . . . How I hate him!"

title: It's the Pied Piper, Charlie Brown

text: It's the Pied Piper, Charlie Brown is the last animated special produced under the supervision of Charles M. Schulz. Based on characters from the comic strip "Peanuts", it was released on September 12, 2000, seven months after the death of Charles Schulz. "It's The Pied Piper" also has the distinction of being the first new "Peanuts" special to be released to DVD.

text: Charlie Brown's Super Book of Questions and Answers was a series of encyclopedia-like books featured comic strips and art from the comic strip "Peanuts". Five volumes were made from 1976 to 1981.

title: It's Christmastime Again, Charlie Brown

text: The program is composed of various storylines from the comic strip. It was the first Christmas-themed "Peanuts" special since the inaugural "A Charlie Brown Christmas" in 1965, though an episode of "The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show" featured a new Christmas vignette in 1985. This was the final "new" "Peanuts" animated special to air on CBS. The network cancelled all future animated specials in 1990, even though they still aired in re-runs until 2000.

title: Peanuts

text: Peanuts continues to be prevalent in multiple media through widespread syndication, the publication of The Complete Peanuts, the release of several new television specials (all of which Schulz had worked on, but had not finished, before his death), and Peanuts Motion Comics. Additionally, BOOM! Studios has published a series of comic books that feature new material by new writers and artists, although some of it is based on classic Schulz stories from decades past, as well as including some classic strips by Schulz, mostly Sunday color strips.

title: Tom Everhart

text: The paintings using Schulz's comic strip, Peanuts, as subject matter began and replaced the skeleton and nature related paintings in 1988. The inspiration came to Everhart in Johns Hopkins Hospital, where he was undergoing several operations for stage 4 colon / liver cancer in the summer of 1988. Everhart recalls lying in a hospital bed surrounded by enough flowers to open a florist shop, piles of art books and a stack of Peanuts comic strips sent to him by Schulz. The light streaming in from the window almost projected the new images of his future Schulz inspired paintings on the wall. All the images in Everhart's work are in some respect derived from Schulz's Peanuts comic strip.

title: Charles M. Schulz

text: Later that year, Schulz approached United Feature Syndicate with the one-panel series "Li'l Folks", and the syndicate became interested. By that time Schulz had also developed a comic strip, usually using four panels rather than one, and to Schulz's delight, the syndicate preferred that version. "Peanuts" made its first appearance on October 2, 1950, in seven newspapers. The weekly Sunday page debuted on January 6, 1952. After a slow start, "Peanuts" eventually became one of the most popular comic strips of all time, as well as one of the most influential. Schulz also had a short-lived sports-oriented comic strip, "It's Only a Game" (1957–59), but he abandoned it after the success of "Peanuts". From 1956 to 1965 he contributed a single-panel strip, "Young Pillars", featuring teenagers, to "Youth", a publication associated with the Church of God.

title: Peanuts

text: The December 1997 issue of The Comics Journal featured an extensive collection of testimonials to Peanuts. Over 40 cartoonists, from mainstream newspaper cartoonists to underground, independent comic artists, shared reflections on the power and influence of Schulz's art. Gilbert Hernandez wrote, "Peanuts was and still is for me a revelation. It's mostly from Peanuts where I was inspired to create the village of Palomar in Love and Rockets. Schulz's characters, the humor, the insight ... gush, gush, gush, bow, bow, bow, grovel, grovel, grovel ..." Tom Batiuk wrote: "The influence of Charles Schulz on the craft of cartooning is so pervasive it is almost taken for granted." Batiuk also described the depth of emotion in Peanuts: "Just beneath the cheerful surface were vulnerabilities and anxieties that we all experienced, but were reluctant to acknowledge. By sharing those feelings with us, Schulz showed us a vital aspect of our common humanity, which is, it seems to me, the ultimate goal of great art."[51]

title: Foam peanut

text: In the early 1990s, starch-based packing peanuts were developed as a more environment-friendly alternative. The starch in the peanuts comes from crop-based sources rather than petroleum-based polystyrene, and is non-toxic. One of the first brands of biodegradable peanuts, Biofoam, is made from the grain sorghum; other brands are made from corn starch. Biodegradable foam peanuts have no electrostatic charge, another benefit over polystyrene. Being biodegradable and nontoxic, they are also safe for humans and pets if ingested accidentally. However, they are not produced in food-safe conditions, and are not recommended for eating. Also, during the manufacturing process, the nutritional value is removed from starch-based packing peanuts. This removes edible components, such as sugars, that would otherwise attract rodents and bugs. Their main drawbacks compared with polystyrene are lower resilience, higher weight (6.5 to 13 g per litre/0.4 to 0.8 lb per cubic foot), dust creation, potential attraction of rodents, and higher price. Starch-based peanuts are soluble in water, and polystyrene peanuts are soluble in acetone, but not vice versa. Starch based products can be disposed with down the sink, dissolving on contact with the water.

title: Violet (Peanuts)

text: In addition to the comic strip, Violet has appeared alongside other "Peanuts" characters in numerous "Peanuts" television specials, cinematic movies, theatrical plays, and video games.

title: Snoopy

text: Snoopy is Charlie Brown's pet beagle[3] in the comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz. He can also be found in all of the Peanuts movies and television specials, like The Peanuts Movie. Since his debut on October 4, 1950, Snoopy has become one of the most recognizable and iconic characters in the comic strip, and is considered more famous than Charlie Brown in other countries. The original drawings of Snoopy were inspired by Spike, one of Schulz's childhood dogs.[4][5]

title: Linus Maurer

text: Linus Maurer was the inspiration for the name of Charles M. Schulz's famous character, Linus van Pelt, in the "Peanuts" comic strip. Maurer and Schulz had been classmates at Minneapolis College of Art and Design (MCAD) and remained lifelong friends. Both men also worked together at the Art Instruction Schools Inc. in Minneapolis while Schulz was creating "Peanuts". Schulz would name Linus van Pelt, who is known for his blue security blanket in the "Peanuts" comic strip, after his friend and colleague. He would later wrote in a book marking the 50th anniversary of "Peanuts", "Linus came from a drawing that I made one day of a face almost like the one he now has...I experimented with some wild hair, and showed the sketch to a friend of mine who sat near me at art instruction, whose name was Linus Maurer. It seemed appropriate that I should name the character Linus." Schulz and Maurer continued to meet for coffee at Snoopy's Home Ice skating rink in Santa Rosa, California, until Schulz's death in 2000.

title: Patty (Peanuts)

text: An early conception of the character was created by Schulz for his comic strip "Li'l Folks" (which is like an embryonic stage of "Peanuts"). Schulz then reused the character for "Peanuts," and there, he named her Patty.

title: Peanuts Motion Comics

text: Peanuts Motion Comics is a series of animated cartoon shorts based on 1964 strips of Charles Schulz' comic strip, "Peanuts". The series premiered on iTunes in 2008 with the support of the Schulz estate. The first season consists of 20 cartoon shorts, paired into 10 episodes. The episodes employ signature themes and plotlines from the classic strips. The first season was released to DVD on March 9, 2010. Animation production was done by Studio B Productions.

title: Peanuts

text: Cartoon tributes have appeared in other comic strips since Schulz's death in 2000 and are now displayed at the Charles Schulz Museum.[50] In May 2000, many cartoonists included a reference to Peanuts in their strips. Originally planned as a tribute to Schulz's retirement, after his death that February it became a tribute to his life and career. Similarly, on October 30, 2005, several comic strips again included references to Peanuts and specifically the It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown television special.

title: Li'l Folks

text: Later that year, Schulz approached the United Feature Syndicate (also a Scripps Company) with "Li'l Folks", and the syndicate became interested. However, by that time Schulz had also developed a comic strip (also called "Li'l Folks"), typically using four panels rather than one. The strip was similar in spirit to the panel comic, but it had a set cast of characters, rather than different nameless little folk for each page. The syndicate preferred the strip; however, the name "Li'l Folks" was too close to the names of two other comics of the time: Al Capp's "Li'l Abner" and a strip titled "Little Folks". To avoid confusion, the syndicate chose the name "Peanuts", after the peanut gallery featured in the "Howdy Doody" TV show. "Peanuts" made its first appearance on October 2, 1950, in seven newspapers.

title: Peanut

text: Throughout the region, many candies and snacks are made using peanuts. In Mexico, it is common to find them in different presentations as a snack or candy: salty, "Japanese" peanuts, praline, "enchilados" or in the form of a very nutritious traditional sweet made with peanuts and honey called "palanqueta", and even as peanut marzipan.

title: Boiled peanuts

text: Boiled peanuts are popular in some places where peanuts are common. Fully mature peanuts do not make good quality boiled peanuts; rather raw or "green" ones are used. "Raw" denotes peanuts in a semi-mature state, having achieved full size, but not being fully dried, as would be needed for roasting or peanut butter use. After boiling in salt water they take on a strong salty taste and become softer with the length of cooking, somewhat resembling a pea or bean, to which they are related. The most flavorful peanuts for boiling are the Valencia type. These are preferred in the United States, being grown in gardens and small patches throughout the South. Green Virginia-type peanuts are also sometimes used.