query: When was Warsaw founded?

title: History of Warsaw

text: The first historical document attesting to the existence of a Warsaw castellan dates to 1313.[2] Fuller information about the age of the city is contained in the court case against the Teutonic Knights, which took place in Warsaw cathedral in 1339.[2] In the beginning of the 14th century it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia, becoming the capital of Masovia in 1413 (Prince Janusz II).[1] Warsaw's economy of the 14th century rested on crafts and trade. The townsmen, of uniform nationality at the time, were marked by a great disparity in their financial status.[2] At the top were the rich patricians while the plebeians formed the lower strata.[2]

title: Warsaw, New York

text: The Town of Warsaw was founded in 1803 from the Town of Batavia (in Genesee County). In 1812, part of Warsaw was used to form the new town of Town of Middlebury. Again in 1814, Warsaw was reduced to form the Town of Gainesville.

title: Warsaw

text: A fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw and history of Poland can be found in the Warsaw Uprising Museum and in the Katyń Museum which preserves the memory of that crime. The Warsaw Uprising Museum also operates a rare preserved and operating historic stereoscopic theatre, the Warsaw Fotoplastikon. The Museum of Independence preserves patriotic and political objects connected with Poland's struggles for independence. Dating back to 1936 the Warsaw Historical Museum contains 60 rooms which host a permanent exhibition of the history of Warsaw from its origins until today.

title: History of Warsaw

text: Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia. Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw.[1] Following the Congress of Vienna of 1815, Warsaw became the center of the Congress Poland, a constitutional monarchy under a personal union with Imperial Russia.[1] During this period under the rule of the relatively liberal Russian Emperor Alexander I, Warsaw experienced much growth such as the founding of the Royal University of Warsaw was established (1816) and what is today's main street of the city—Aleje Jerozolimskie—was marked out. In 1818, the Town Hall on the Old Town Market was pulled down because it had become too small for the city, which had expanded after it incorporated the jurydykas. The city's authorities moved to Jabłonowski's Palace (by the Great Theater), where it stayed until World War II.

title: Mielnik

text: In 1323-1324, Mielnik and nearby Drohiczyn were captured by Lithuanian Duke Gediminas, and remained part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1569, except for the period 1391 - 1408, when it was governed by Mazoviad Duke Janusz I of Warsaw, and 1430 - 1444, when it was ruled by Duke Boleslaw IV of Warsaw. In 1420, Duke Vytautas founded here a Roman Catholic church, which was located in the complex of the Mielnik Castle. On September 22, 1440, Mielnik received Chelmno town charter from Duke Boleslaw IV. Four years later, the town was purchased by King Casimir IV Jagiellon.

title: Polish American Football League

text: American football is arguably the fastest growing sport in Poland, which appeared in Poland in 1999, when a pioneer initiative was established in Warsaw. The Polish American Football Association ( or "PZFA") was created in November 2004, initiated by the first two American football teams: Warsaw Eagles and 1. KFA Wielkopolska. Its founding was a response to the dynamic growth of the American football movement in Poland.

title: Marek Edelman

text: In 1939, after the German invasion of Poland Edelman found himself confined—along with the other Jews of Warsaw—to the Warsaw Ghetto. In 1942, as a Bund youth leader he co-founded the underground Jewish Combat Organization ("Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa", ŻOB). In the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of April–May 1943, led by Mordechaj Anielewicz, Edelman was one of the three sub-commanders and then became the leader after the death of Anielewicz.

title: Eduardo Díez de Medina

text: In 1941 Diez de Medina fell out of favor amidst a jingoistic political climate when he voluntarily submitted himself to trial after he was accused of selling life-saving Bolivian visas to up to 15,000 Jews in Berlin, Warsaw, Kaunas and Stockholm. Over 1,000 blank immigration permits were found for distribution in Warsaw, Hamburg, Genoa and Paris.

title: St Catherine's Church, Warsaw

text: St Catherine's Church (and parish) in Warsaw, is located in the Ursynów district near Służew. The parish is the oldest existing parish, although not the oldest church, within the current borders of Warsaw. It was founded about half a century before Warsaw's Old Town.

title: Tourist attractions in Warsaw

text: Also many references to Marie Curie, her work and her family can be found in Warsaw: Marie's birthplace at the Warsaw New Town, the working places where she did her first scientific works and the Radium Institute at Wawelska Street for the research and the treatment of cancer which she founded in 1925.

title: Warsaw Signal

text: The newspaper was founded as the Western World, with its first edition published on May 13, 1840. In its May 12, 1841 edition, noting that "Western World" was a title that was "too extensive in its signification", the paper, which had been purchased by Thomas C. Sharp, changed its name to "Warsaw Signal". On January 7, 1843, the name was changed to Warsaw Message after Sharp sold the newspaper, but on February 14, 1844 the name reverted to "Warsaw Signal" when it was repurchased by Sharp. In 1850, it was purchased by James McKee who renamed it Warsaw Commercial Journal. In 1855, McKee merged the "Commercial Journal" with the "Journal of the People" to create the Warsaw Express and Journal, which published until the late 1850s. In 1975, a new paper began publishing under the name "Warsaw Signal", but its existence was short-lived.

title: Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw

text: Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw () is a public university of visual arts and applied arts located in the Polish capital. The Academy traces its history back to the Department of Arts founded at the Warsaw University in 1812. As a separate institution it was founded in 1844 during the Partitions of Poland. In an upgrade in 1904 it was named the Warsaw School of Fine Arts; and in 1932 it received recognition as an Academy. At first the institute did not have its own building and classes were held in several locations around the city. Following an architectural competition a design by Alfons Gravier was chosen and construction began in 1911. The building was completed by the outbreak of the First World War.

title: Szymon Kataszek

text: When World War II began, Kataszek left Warsaw for Lviv, which was under Soviet occupation; when in June 1941 the Soviet-German war erupted, he returned to Warsaw and entered the Warsaw Ghetto. He led the Jewish Ghetto Police Orchestra. When deportations to Treblinka and Bełżec started, he escaped to the "Aryan" side of the wall and went back to Lviv. He went back to bandleading but was recognised by an SS officer, arrested, sent to Pawiak prison in the Warsaw Ghetto, and shot on 22 May 1943.

title: Warsaw

text: After the German Invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 started the Second World War, Warsaw was defended until 27 September. Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions were immediately closed and Warsaw's entire Jewish population – several hundred thousand, some 30% of the citywere herded into the Warsaw Ghetto. The city would become the centre of urban resistance to Nazi rule in occupied Europe. When the order came to annihilate the ghetto as part of Hitler's "Final Solution" on 19 April 1943, Jewish fighters launched the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Despite being heavily outgunned and outnumbered, the Ghetto held out for almost a month. When the fighting ended, almost all survivors were massacred, with only a few managing to escape or hide.

title: Medical University of Warsaw

text: The Medical University of Warsaw (Polish name: "") was founded in January 1950, building on the University of Warsaw's former Faculty of Medicine, which had been established in the early nineteenth century. The Medical University of Warsaw is the largest medical school in Poland, and one of the most prestigious.

title: List of book-burning incidents

text: The extensive library of the Polish Museum, Rapperswil, founded in 1870 in Rapperswil, Switzerland, had been created when Poland was not a country and was thus moved to Warsaw in 1927. In September 1939, the National Polish Museum in Rapperswil along with the Polish School at Batignolles, lost almost their entire collection during the German bombardment of Warsaw.

title: Jan Łukasiewicz

text: He remained a professor at the University of Warsaw from 1920 until 1939 when the family house was destroyed by German bombs and the university was closed under German occupation. He had been a rector of the university twice. In this period Łukasiewicz and Stanisław Leśniewski founded the Lwów–Warsaw school of logic which was later made internationally famous by Alfred Tarski who had been Leśniewski's student.

title: Warsaw

text:
The University of Warsaw was established in 1816, when the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish academic center, in Kraków. Warsaw University of Technology is the second academic school of technology in the country, and one of the largest in East-Central Europe, employing 2,000 professors. Other institutions for higher education include the Medical University of Warsaw, the largest medical school in Poland and one of the most prestigious; the National Defence University, highest military academic institution in Poland; the Fryderyk Chopin University of Music, the oldest and largest music school in Poland and one of the largest in Europe; the Warsaw School of Economics, the oldest and most renowned economic university in the country; the Warsaw University of Life Sciences, the largest agricultural university, founded in 1818; and the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, the first private secular university in the country.
Warsaw has numerous libraries, many of which contain vast collections of historic documents. The most important library in terms of historic document collections is the National Library of Poland. The library holds 8.2 million volumes in its collection. Formed in 1928, it sees itself as a successor to the Załuski Library, the biggest in Poland and one of the first and biggest libraries in the world.

title: Warsaw, Kentucky

text: Warsaw is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Gallatin County, Kentucky, United States, located along the Ohio River. The name was suggested by a riverboat captain, who was reading "Thaddeus of Warsaw", by Jane Porter, when the city was being founded.

title: Transnistrian ruble

text: When it was founded, Transnistria did not have its own mint. Thus a foreign mint had to be found to strike Transnistrian coins. The Mint of Poland (Mennica Polska) in Warsaw was selected. Coins dated 2000 were struck in Warsaw and transported via Ukraine to Transnistria in trucks belonging to the Transnistrian Republican Bank.

title: Gazeta Warszawska

text: Gazeta Warszawska (lit. "Warsaw Gazette") was the first newspaper published regularly in Warsaw for an extended period of time. Founded in 1774, it remained active under a variety of names until 1935. The names included the Gazeta Wolna Warszawska ("Warsaw Independent Gazette"; during the Warsaw Uprising (1794)) and Gazeta Poranna Warszawska ("Warsaw Morning Gazette"; after the merger with Gazeta Poranna 2 Grosze in 1925).

title: Jakub Mortkowicz

text: In 1903, when he returned to Warsaw, Mortkowicz and Teodor Toeplitz founded the Mortkowicz Towarzystwo Wydawnicze w Warszawie Sp. Akc., one of the most important book's companies in prewar Poland. In 1931 he committed suicide. Jakub Mortkowicz was buried at the Jewish Cemetery in Warsaw.

title: Warsaw, Illinois

text: The city of Warsaw began in 1814, when young Major Zachary Taylor founded Fort Johnson on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River across from the mouth of the Des Moines River. Fort Johnson was occupied only for a few weeks before it was burned. In 1815 another military camp, Fort Edwards, was built nearby at a different location. Warsaw became an important fur trading post and one of the earliest American settlements in northern Illinois.

title: Stefan Ossowiecki

text: Ossowiecki told friends that when he died, his body would not be found. He was probably killed by the Gestapo during the Warsaw Uprising, on 5 August 1944, at the building of the former Polish Chief Inspectorate of the Armed Forces on "Aleje Ujazdowskie" (Ujazdów Avenue). His body was never found; he has a cenotaph at Warsaw's Powązki Cemetery.

title: Stefan Niedziałkowski

text: In 1993, Niedziałkowski returned to Warsaw, Poland. In 1994, he took the position of artistic director of the Warsaw Pantomime Theater at the State Jewish Theater in Warsaw. Simultaneously, Niedziałkowski founded The Mimes Studio (Studio Mimow) at the Warsaw theater, Teatr Na Woli. From 2000 to 2002 and in 2004 Niedziałkowski was the author and artistic director of The International Mime Art Festival at the Teatr Na Woli theater. In 2005, Stefan Niedziałkowski's Mimes Studio moved to its current location at the Mazovia Region Centre of Culture and Arts in Warsaw.

title: Polonia Warsaw

text: Polonia Warsaw (, ), founded in 1911, is the oldest existing Warsaw sports club, with football, basketball, track and field and swimming teams.

title: Leopold Stanisław Kronenberg

text: Kronenberg financially supported the January uprising of 1863 against the Russians. After the failure of this revolt, he became a representative of the "white" faction that favored a compromise with the Russians. In 1870, Kronenberg founded Bank Handlowy, the commercial bank of Warsaw, and in 1875 he founded the Warsaw School of Economics. He also founded the Credit Corporation of Warsaw, Industrial Cashier, Warsaw Fire Insurance Company, Coal Mine Association and Metallurgical Works.

title: European Council on Foreign Relations

text: ECFR has offices in Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris, Rome, Warsaw and Sofia, with London serving as headquarter. When ECFR was founded in 2007, the Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris and Sofia offices were opened at the same time. The Rome office was opened in 2010, the Warsaw office in September 2011.

title: Maria Kalergis

text: Maria Kalergis had an appreciable influence on the development of musical culture, helping found the Warsaw Musical Institute (now the Warsaw Conservatory) and founding with Moniuszko the Warsaw Musical Society, now the Warsaw Philharmonic. In 1857–71 she frequently appeared as a pianist.

title: Ludwik Waryński

text: Early in 1877, he arrived in Warsaw and dedicated himself to furthering socialism in Polish. He founded the first socialist magazine in the lands of the Russian-occupied Poland. He then joined the Agronomical School in Puławy while still a leader of Warsaw's workers movement. In 1879 Tsarist police found him in Warsaw and forced him to leave Russia.

title: Warsaw

text:
Also many references to Marie Curie, her work and her family can be found in Warsaw: Marie's birthplace at the Warsaw New Town, the working places where she did her first scientific works and the Radium Institute at Wawelska Street for the research and the treatment of which she founded in 1925.
Green space covers almost a quarter of the area of Warsaw, including a broad range from small neighborhood parks, green spaces along streets and in courtyards, to avenues of trees and large historic parks, nature conservation areas and the urban forests at the fringe of the city.


query: How old does something need to be to be heritage-listed?

title: National Register of Historic Places

text: In American historic preservation, the fifty-year rule is the generally held belief that a property cannot be listed in the National Register of Historic Places unless it is at least fifty years old.[31] Actually, this rule is not a hard rule at all; it is an exception to the National Register's criteria for evaluation. As stated by John H. Sprinkle, Jr., Deputy Director of the Federal Preservation Institute, "this 'rule' is only an exception to the criteria that shape listings within the National Register of Historic Places. Of the eight 'exceptions' [or criteria considerations], Consideration G, for properties that have achieved significance within the past fifty years, is probably the best-known, yet also misunderstood preservation principle in America."[32]

title: Reengineering

text: Often no intellectual property rights are breached, such as when a person or business cannot remember or find how something was done, or what something does, and needs to reverse engineer it to work it out for themselves [6]

title: Christian Dior Ready-to-Wear runway collections

text: Simons told "Vogue", “This is the second season where I start to realize that couture can be an activator of something and then from couture you take it an approach it for ready to wear styles... It needed a couple of years to feel free enough to also dare to release from the heritage of silhouettes. I still like to do something which was very strong nature suggested, but maybe less pamfleur and garden and romantic, but something more savage, urban, a little bit more sexual. For me, this is very feminine, and very sensual and sexual, but maybe less romantic in the way how a lot of people perceive it, but not necessarily for me.”

title: State Policy Network

text: The State Policy Network was founded in 1992 by Thomas A. Roe, a South Carolina businessman who was a member of the board of trustees of The Heritage Foundation. Roe told U.S. President Ronald Reagan that he thought each of the states needed something like the Heritage Foundation. Reagan's reply was "Do something about it," which led Roe to establish the South Carolina Policy Council (SCPC). SCPC adapted Heritage Foundation national policy recommendations, such as school choice and environmental deregulation, to the state legislative level.

title: Art Deco Mumbai

text: The organisation believes that documentation is a step towards preservation and that heritage is something that needs to be passed on from one generation to another. They aim to bring Art Deco heritage into Mumbai's mainstream dialogue on heritage and empower the different stakeholders to take conscious decisions.

title: Europe (short story)

text: The domineering widow seems almost as old as the Salem witch trials and brings more than a little of their spirit into the story. In his book-length study of Nathaniel Hawthorne, James noted how adroitly the older novelist used New England's Puritan heritage to deepen and darken his tales. James achieves something of the same effect in "Europe".

title: National heritage site

text: Each country has its own national heritage list and naming conventions. Sites can be added to a list, and are occasionally removed and even destroyed for economic or other reasons. The concept of protecting and taking pride in cultural heritage is something that goes back to the Seven Wonders of the World, but usually it is only after destruction, especially mass destruction in times of war, that new lists are drawn up or revisited. Many countries acknowledge under UNESCO their designation of objects considered to be worthy of having importance to the entire world or world heritage. These listings also acknowledge the need for a separate list of objects judged part of their own unique cultural heritage. The concept of a "national heritage site" can be split into many types, each type having its own unique list.

title: UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists

text:
In 2013 four elements were inscribed on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, which helps States Parties mobilize international cooperation and assistance to ensure the transmission of this heritage with the participation of the concerned communities. The Urgent Safeguarding List now numbers 35 elements.
The Committee also inscribed 25 elements on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, which serves to raise awareness of intangible heritage and provide recognition to communities’ traditions and know-how that reflect their cultural diversity. The List does not attribute or recognize any standard of excellence or exclusivity. The list totaled 508 elements corresponding to 122 countries .

title: Big Dance Theater

text: When asked how "Ich, Kurbisgeist" fit into the history of what Big Dance does, Parson said she craved doing something where language was abstract as movement, something “tiny and intimate" and felt it should be seen "in some kind of site-specific, really, really intimate venue. I thought it needed to be something that you’re very close to, so you’re not just thinking of language as meaning, but you’re also thinking of language as a kinetic experience, because the language is extremely kinetic.”

title: Essay mill

text: To obtain an essay, a customer usually submits a form that describes the assignment that he or she wants completed, how many pages it needs to be, and when it needs to be completed by. On the opposite end of the transaction, the employee searches through requests until he or she finds something that sparks their interest. A writer will take anything that they know they can write something that will be quick and hit the page requirement. It does not matter if the writer has previous knowledge about the subject; if it is easy to research, he or she will get the job done.

title: Elina Berglund

text: When asked by Mimmi Rito of Visma whether she intended to spend her life working on the app, she replied: "No, but I think I will always work with something involving data, analysing data, drawing conclusions, applying data to something or other. It does not need to be physical, it does not need to be contraception, but that's the common denominator now and I think it will always continue to be."

title: Tlepsh

text: It is noteworthy that in "How They Made Tlepsh Fashion the First Sickle" Tlepsh does not actually invent/design the tool in question. He does, however, know which female supernatural being the other Narts need to consult in order to find out how to design it, namely the old wife of the harvest god T'haghalig (compare the Cailleach, reaping and sovereignty goddess of the goidelic-speaking Celts). In yet a further remove, T'haghalig's wife does not know how to design the sickle herself, but knows that it is Lady Isp, the mother of the Nart hero Pataraz (Ossetian "Batradz" / "Batraz") who will be able to do so - which does indeed prove to be the case. Lady Isp, a clever, frog-like little water-sprite (compare The Frog Princess) inadvertently reveals that 'Like a rooster's tail you should bend it, like a baby snake's tooth you should sharpen it...' and, using this description, Tlepsh is able to forge the wondrous new tool, giving it an edge that never grows dull no matter how often it is used.

title: List of World Heritage sites in the State of Palestine

text: The Old City of Jerusalem and its walls is also listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage site. It was proposed as a site by Jordan. The site is not assigned to a state on the UNESCO listing. In 2011 UNESCO stated "The Old City of Jerusalem is inscribed on the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger. UNESCO continues to work to ensure respect for the outstanding universal value of the cultural heritage of the Old City of Jerusalem. This position is reflected on UNESCO’s official website (www.unesco.org). In line with relevant UN resolutions, East Jerusalem remains part of the occupied Palestinian territory, and the status of Jerusalem must be resolved in permanent status negotiations."

title: Annie-B Parson

title: Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention

text: In general the overall aim of the Convention and its Guidelines is to safeguard heritage of universal value for future generations. It is to give a guidance on how properties can be inscribed on the World Heritage List or/and the List of World Heritage in Danger if the properties are facing serious dangers and are in need of emergency inscription. The Birthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem were thus inscribed in 2012.

title: List of Great Western Railway heritage sites

text: These heritage railways operate on old GWR branch lines. Many other heritage railways and museums also have GWR locomotives or rolling stock in use or on display.These museums have a GWR theme or are located in old GWR buildings.In addition to the places listed below, there are a great many smaller bridges and other structures that have been given listed status. The listing may only cover certain buildings and structures at each location.

title: Speech act

text: In other words, this means that one does not need to say the words apologize, pledge, or praise in order to show they are doing the action. All the examples above show how the actions and indirect words make something happen rather than coming out straightforward with specific words and saying it.

title: Christian Copyright Licensing International

text: No license is needed if all music is in the public domain or covered by something like the Creative Commons licenses. As an example, most sufficiently old hymns are in the public domain. CCLI maintains a list of songs that are in the public domain. If all of the songs that an organization uses are in that list, then the organization does not need to pay the CCLI license fee. As of March 2015, CCLI's list contained nearly 24,000 public domain songs.

title: Heritage Overlay

text: A Heritage Overlay or HO is one of a number of planning scheme overlays contained in the Victorian Planning Provisions, for use in planning schemes in Victoria, Australia. The heritage overlay schedule of each local government planning scheme lists sites of local and state significance (Victorian Heritage Register) but does not include sites on the Australian National Heritage List.

title: Harold A. Linstone

text: Second The Organizational Perspectives (O), which "focuses on process rather than product, on action rather than problem-solving. The critical questions are 'does something need to be done, and if so, what?' and 'who needs to do it and how?' rather than 'what is the optimal solution?' There must be a recognition that top-down imposition of solutions may well fail if there is no 'bottom-up' support."

title: Encoding (memory)

text: Elaborative encoding is the process of actively relating new information to knowledge that is already in memory. Memories are a combination of old and new information, so the nature of any particular memory depends as much on the old information already in our memories as it does on the new information coming in through our senses. In other words, how we remember something depends on how we think about it at the time. Many studies have shown that long-term retention is greatly enhanced by elaborative encoding.

title: Something Old

text: "Something Old" is the 23rd episode of the eighth season of the CBS sitcom "How I Met Your Mother", and the 183rd episode overall.

title: St. George's School, Chennai

text: The Manorial Conway House, a century old building in the school campus was renovated and resulted in concerns from heritage activists. The school correspondent Mr. G.K. Francis clarified that part of the building had to be renovated since it was not safe for the children. He also clarified that only the Chapel was part of the heritage structure listed by CMDA and others are not and does not require permission from CMDA.

title: How Much Land Does a Man Need?

text: - a collection including "How Much Land Does a Man Need?"

title: Metaphysics

text: Identity is a fundamental metaphysical issue. Metaphysicians investigating identity are tasked with the question of what, exactly, it means for something to be identical to itself, or — more controversially — to something else. Issues of identity arise in the context of time: what does it mean for something to be itself across two moments in time? How do we account for this? Another question of identity arises when we ask what our criteria ought to be for determining identity? And how does the reality of identity interface with linguistic expressions?

title: Learning theory (education)

text: Plato (428 BC–347 BC) proposed the question: How does an individual learn something new when the topic is brand new to that person? This question may seem trivial; however, think of a human like a computer. The question would then become: How does a computer take in any factual information without previous programming? Plato answered his own question by stating that knowledge is present at birth and all information learned by a person is merely a recollection of something the soul has already learned previously, which is called the Theory of Recollection or Platonic epistemology. This answer could be further justified by a paradox: If a person knows something, they don't need to question it, and if a person does not know something, they don't know to question it. Plato says that if one did not previously know something, then they cannot learn it. He describes learning as a passive process, where information and knowledge are ironed into the soul over time. However, Plato's theory elicits even more questions about knowledge: If we can only learn something when we already had the knowledge impressed onto our souls, then how did our souls gain that knowledge in the first place? Plato's theory can seem convoluted; however, his classical theory can still help us understand knowledge today.

title: Rohtak district

text: The art and architectural heritage of the town is in utter neglect. Until a decade ago the old city alleys and railway road had about 50 havelis (mansions) built in traditional architectural styles. Many stone facades with beautiful carvings and motifs were stripped from the walls and sold to heritage traders for paltry sums. Muslim masons did all the decorative work in stone and fabricated woodcrafted door sets in these havelis. The rise of commerce and paucity of space forced the owners to demolish the fine old structures for building shopping complexes. There is no policy with the state government or city fathers to protect the heritage of the city. In spite of a local chapter of Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) functioning in the district, not much except listing of valuable properties could be done because most heritage properties are in private ownership and INTACH's local chapter does not have funds or the infrastructure to carry out listing and conservation work.

title: Enterprise Cultural Heritage

text: Research studies, looking at the needs of Small and Medium Enterprises demonstrate the existence of the characteristics of Enterprise Cultural Heritage in businesses (mainly related to the craft sector), describe how Enterprise Cultural Heritage is perceived in business organization in terms of practices, information, knowledge, and address the skills and competences needed to manage Enterprise Cultural Heritage.

title: Lord Howe Island

text: Lord Howe Island and adjacent islets, Admiralty Islands, Mutton Bird Islands, Ball's Pyramid, and associated coral reefs and marine environs were added to the Australian National Heritage List on 21 May 2007, on the basis of the World Heritage List.

text: Scarabea: How Much Land Does a Man Need? () is a 1969 West German drama film directed by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg, starring , Nicoletta Machiavelli, and Karsten Peters. It tells the story of a German tourist in Sardinia who goes on a hike which becomes a brutal experience. The film was Syberberg's first fiction film and uses motifs from the short story "How Much Land Does a Man Need?" by Leo Tolstoy. It won the Deutscher Filmpreis for Best Actor (Buschhoff) and Best Cinematography.

title: Lanao del Sur

text: Most of the people of Lanao del Sur are predominantly practitioners of Islam, majority of them are Sunni.UNESCO has inscribed one Maranao element, the "Darangen Chants of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao," in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008. The element was earlier inscribed in the UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity Representative List in 2005. The organization has also designated the Old Town of Tugaya as a "UNESCO Home for Culture and Heritage". UNESCO has recommended for the nomination of Tugaya and all of Lanao del Sur's traditional crafts heritage in Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, following reports made in 2014 and 2015. The Philippine ambassador to UNESCO and France noted that it will be better to inscribe Maranao's traditional crafts in the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding as they have been endangered due to the 2017 Battle of Marawi. The nomination is being finalized by the Philippine government, as announced in 2018. The torogans of Lanao are also recommended by UNESCO to be nominated in the World Heritage List once proper documentation and restoration has been completed. Two torogans have been bought by a controversial heritage resort company, Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar, and were transported to Bataan, sparking a provincial campaign to get back the two royal houses to their ancestral homeland.


query: What is the leader of a wolf pack called?

title: Pack (canine)

text: Animals which typically predominate over others are associated with the term alpha. Among pack-living wolves, alpha wolves are the genetic parents of most cubs in the pack. Such access to mating females creates strong selective pressure for intra-sex competition.

title: Rudyard Kipling

text: Kipling's links with the Scouting movements were also strong. Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of Scouting, used many themes from "The Jungle Book" stories and "Kim" in setting up his junior movement, the Wolf Cubs. These connections still exist today, such as the continued popularity of "Kim's Game" in the Scouting movement. The movement is named after Mowgli's adopted wolf family, and the adult helpers of Wolf Cub Packs adopt names taken from "The Jungle Book", especially the adult leader who is called "Akela" after the leader of the Seeonee wolf pack.

title: List of Balto characters

text: Nava is an elderly wolf who was the wise leader of the wolf pack and was encountered by Balto and Aleu in "".

title: 302M

text: 302M, also known as Casanova (2000–2009), was a wolf in the Yellowstone Wolf Project. He was featured in the PBS documentary "In the Valley of the Wolves" and National Geographic's documentary "Rise of Black Wolf". He was born in the Leopold pack He mingled with the alphas daughters for a while, whilst 21M was in charge he raised a litter the following spring visiting when the coast was clear and after The two alphas disappeared he joined the pack as beta male, his younger brother 480M Stepped up as leader of the pack in 2004.

title: Cub Scouts (Australia)

text: The Cub Scout Pack is usually composed of several adult leaders, and several "sixes" of approximately six children. The leader of a "six" is called a "Sixer", an older cub scout in the pack. Second in command of a six is a "Second". Each week the sixes take turns to be in charge of some of the packs activities, such as selecting some of the games to play, and taking charge of the parade. Each six wears a distinctive colour patch on their uniform based on the six Wolf Cubs from the Jungle Book: Tawney Fur, Black Plume, Grey Brother, Red Fang, White Claw, and Brown Tip.

title: Dire wolf

text: Carnivores include both pack hunters and solitary hunters. The solitary hunter depends on a powerful bite at the canine teeth to subdue their prey, and thus exhibits a strong mandibular symphysis. In contrast, a pack hunter, which delivers many shallower bites, has a comparably weaker mandibular symphysis. Thus, researchers can use the strength of the mandibular symphysis in fossil carnivore specimens to determine what kind of hunter it wasa pack hunter or a solitary hunterand even how it consumed its prey. The mandibles of canids are buttressed behind the carnassial teeth to enable the animals to crack bones with their post-carnassial teeth (molars M2 and M3). A study found that the mandible buttress profile of the dire wolf was lower than that of the gray wolf and the red wolf, but very similar to the coyote and the African hunting dog. The dorsoventrally weak symphyseal region (in comparison to premolars P3 and P4) of the dire wolf indicates that it delivered shallow bites similar to its modern relatives and was therefore a pack hunter. This suggests that the dire wolf may have processed bone but was not as well adapted for it as was the gray wolf. The fact that the incidence of fracture for the dire wolf reduced in frequency in the late Pleistocene to that of its modern relatives suggests that reduced competition had allowed the dire wolf to return to a feeding behavior involving a lower amount of bone consumption, a behavior for which it was best suited.

title: List of Balto characters

text: Nava first appeared as the shaman and Leader of a Wolf Pack. He tells his pack as well as Balto and Aleu that one day soon, they will be led by a new leader, "the one who is wolf but does not know."During the climax of the film, Nava was attacked by Niju and shoved into the ice cold waters beneath the ice. Although rescued by Balto and Aleu, he chose to remain behind on the Alaskan mainland with Balto; giving control of the pack's future and well being to Aleu.

title: The Jungle Book (2016 film)

text: In the aftermath, Raksha becomes the new leader of the wolf pack. Mowgli decides to utilize his equipment and tricks for his own use, having found his true home and calling with his wolf family, Baloo and Bagheera.Emjay Anthony, Max Favreau, Chloe Hechter, Asher Blinkoff, Knox Gagnon, Sasha Schrieber, and Kai Schrieber voice the Young Wolves.

title: List of Balto characters

text: The sequel shows that Balto has fathered a litter of puppies with Jenna. All of the puppies look like Jenna except for the final puppy, Aleu, who is said to look and act more like a wolf even than Balto does. As a result, Aleu is not adopted like her siblings and lives with Balto until she grew up and is one year old. For a time, Balto is troubled by reoccurring dreams involving a raven and a pack of wolves. Aleu is kept ignorant of her wolf heritage until she is threatened by a hunter for her wolf-like appearance. Balto reveals that he knew little of his mother, except that she had white fur, because they had been separated when he was young. However, Aleu chooses to run away. Balto tracks Aleu, following the raven from his dreams. Eventually he finds her, but Aleu wishes to learn who she is and refuses to return home. The two eventually encounter a pack of wolves led by the elderly, but wise Nava. Balto learns that the pack is starving because their main food source, caribou, disappeared the year before. One wolf, Niju, wants to steal food from other creatures to survive. Nava tells of visions that he has been given by the white wolf, Aniu, that a new leader will take over and lead the pack. Nava believes Balto to be the destined leader of the pack. Aleu is somehow able to discover, through a mysterious ability, that the caribou had crossed an ice bridge to another area the year before. Balto decides to lead the pack across when the bridge reforms. When the time comes, Nava is separated and Aleu goes back to assist him. The two are nearly attacked by Niju, but Balto intervenes. Balto soon realizes that the pack is leaderless. Nava is too old to make the swim, and so Aleu decides to remain and lead the pack, fulfilling Nava's visions. Balto decides to return home, but before he can, he sees Aniu, the white wolf, and realizes that she was his wolf mother.

title: Balto II: Wolf Quest

text: Taking refuge in a cave, Aleu meets the field mouse Muru, who explains that Aleu should not be ashamed of her lineage, which tells her what she is but not who she is. Muru reveals himself to be Aleu's spirit guide, and tells her to go on a journey of self-discovery. Balto and Aleu reunite and reconcile, and find their way to the ocean, where they are attacked by a group of starving wolves led by Niju. The confrontation is defused by the elderly Nava, the true leader of the pack, who welcomes Balto and Aleu. Nava announces to his pack that the wolf spirit Aniu has contacted him in "dream visions". Aniu has told him that the caribou herd they depend on during the winter has moved across the ocean and will not return, and that they will soon be led by a new leader, "the one who is wolf but does not know". Nava believes that Balto, who is half wolf himself, is the chosen one that Aniu was speaking of. However, Niju refuses to abandon his homeland, and takes control of the pack, and plots to steal from other animal clans in the area to survive the winter.

title: List of Robotech characters

text: Colonel Jonathan Wolfe (Voiced by: Tom Wyner) is the Leader of a squadron dubbed The Wolf Pack, they were successful in annihilating many of the enemies encountered by Admiral Hunter's Robotech Defenders. When the Wolfe Pack is sent to Earth to do battle with the Robotech Masters, they survive the Invid attack. The Wolf Pack keeps the hope alive until Admiral Hunter returns.

title: Survivors (novel series)

text: A novella set before The Empty City/Sweet's Journey and before Moon's Choice, released on 29 April 2014. Long before the Big Growl struck, the wolfdog who was yet to be the arrogant Alpha of the assorted Wild Pack grew up in a Pack of pureblooded wild gray wolves who worship a deity called the Great Wolf, hunt prey such as elk and Rocky Mountain goats, and are in minor conflict with a neighboring wolf Pack known as the Far-Cliff Pack, as well as with mountain sharpclaws (cougars). His Pup Name was just simply Pup before he got his Adult Name, which was humiliatingly just Dog. Being the only wolfdog hybrid in this Pack, most of the twelve pureblooded wolves in the Pack made him suffer for it, especially the rebellious female called Daring - until he swore, one day, after escaping being trapped on a farm of sheep and chickens protected by a longpaw rancher and four Fierce Dogs (Sundance, Zorro, Belle, and Calamity) who termed him Wolf, that he would never be the runt of a Pack again; though his pureblooded wild wolf mother, Graceful, and pureblooded wild wolf half-brother, Quick, were probably the only ones in this wild wolf Pack who showed him any affection. At one point he meets and rescues Snail (Fiery as a pup), who has just been orphaned, from a territorial black giantfur (American black bear) and the wolfdog gets ideas for a new Pack.

title: Wolves and moose on Isle Royale

text: In 2006, the wolf population, with the exception of 10 loners and separate pairs, formed three packs; the "east pack", the "middle pack", and the "Chippewa Harbor pack". Wolf packs on the island have been known to fight to try to extend their territory and, thus, supply of moose. In 2006, the east pack killed Chippewa Harbor pack's alpha male, as witnessed by John Vucetich, a professor at Michigan Technological University and one of the lead researchers on the island, who believed that the Chippewa Harbor pack may die off without their leader.

title: Pack (canine)

text: "calling a wolf an alpha is usually no more appropriate than referring to a human parent or a doe deer as an alpha. Any parent is dominant to its young offspring, so alpha adds no information. Why not refer to an alpha female as the female parent, the breeding female, the matriarch, or simply the mother? Such a designation emphasizes not the animal's dominant status, which is trivial information, but its role as pack progenitor, which is critical information. The one use we may still want to reserve for alpha is in the relatively few large wolf packs comprised of multiple litters. ... In such cases the older breeders are probably dominant to the younger breeders and perhaps can more appropriately be called the alphas. ... The point here is not so much the terminology but what the terminology falsely implies: a rigid, force-based dominance hierarchy."[11]

title: Wolf Cubs (Baden-Powell Scouts' Association)

text: Wolf Cub Packs are controlled by the local Scout Group, with each pack being divided into a number of Sixes. The Wolf Cub in charge of a six is known as a 'Sixer', who is assisted by a 'Seconder'. Where there is an outstanding Wolf Cub, in the latter stages of the Training Scheme, they may be appointed as 'Senior Sixer'. This is a similar role to that of Senior Patrol Leader in the Scout Troop. The Senior Sixer will assist the Cubmaster.

title: Mowgli's Brothers

text: At the wolf pack's meeting at Council Rock, Baloo the bear speaks for the man-cub, and Bagheera the panther buys his life with a freshly killed bull. Baloo and Bagheera undertake the task of educating Mowgli as he grows. Meanwhile, Shere Khan plans to take revenge on the wolf pack by persuading the younger wolves to depose their leader Akela.

title: 1999 SFA Season

text:
QB: Shane - Damage Inc
C: Ken Torres - #88 Wolf Pack
WR: Eddie Trejo - Seminoles
WR: Manuel Garcia - Seminoles
RB: Mario Reyes - Seminoles
RB: David McNeal - Wolf Pack
LB: Oscar Valdez - #99 Seminoles
LB: Lawrence Marion III - #17 Wolf Pack
DE: Nick Valdez - Seminoles
DB: Albert Delgado - #2 Wolf Pack
DB: Thomas Griffen - Vipers
DB: Chris Jones - #3 Wolf Pack

title: 2009 Nevada Wolf Pack football team

text: In US football, the 2009 Nevada Wolf Pack football team represented the University of Nevada, Reno in the 2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Wolf Pack were led by head coach Chris Ault. The Wolf Pack played their home games at Mackay Stadium. The Wolf Pack finished the regular season 8–4 and 7–1 in the WAC, good enough for second place in the conference behind Boise State. They were defeated by SMU in the Hawaii Bowl.

title: Mystery Submarine (1963 film)

text: It is not long before British intelligence suggest a new use for the submarine as a Trojan Horse. A picked crew of volunteers led by Commander Tarlton (Edward Judd) take the U153 back to war, to intercept and disable a German Wolf-pack; in this they succeed, even sinking the Wolf-pack leader in their subsequent escape.

title: Pack (canine)

text: One of the most persistent theories in dog training literature is the idea of the alpha wolf, an individual gray wolf who uses body language and, when needed, physical force to maintain its dominance within the wolf pack. The idea was first reported in early wolf research.[2] It was subsequently adopted by dog trainers.[12] The term alpha was popularized as early as 1976 in the dog training book How to Be Your Dog's Best Friend (Monks of New Skete), which introduced the idea of the alpha roll, a technique for punishing unwanted dog behaviours. Psychologist and dog trainer Stanley Coren in the 2001 book How to Speak Dog says "you are the alpha dog...You must communicate that you are the pack leader and dominant".[13]

title: Monts de Gueret Animal Park

text: The wolf pack howls on average for 85 seconds. It is usually started by a single wolf, after which other wolves may join in. The pack leader, the alpha wolf, usually uses a lower-pitched howl and howls more frequently than wolves standing on the lower rungs of the pack's hierarchy. Although some functions of the howling are still unknown by scientists, they believe that wolves may howl to scare off other wolf packs from their territory and to gather their own pack, as wolves possess perfect hearing and their howling can be heard for up to in the forest and in open space. Researchers have found a relationship between the number of times a wolf howls and the strength of their relationship with other pack members. According to Friederike Range, co-director of the University of Vienna's Wolf Science Center, "the strength of the relationship between wolves predicted how many times a wolf howled."

title: The Wolfe Pack

text: As publicity for William S. Baring-Gould's book "Nero Wolfe of West 35th Street", Viking Press ran a "Mammoth New Nero Wolfe Contest" in "The New York Times Book Review". Four years later, John McAleer began working on what would become "Rex Stout: A Biography". McAleer obtained the contest mailing list and began correspondence with one of the fans, Ellen Krieger. Krieger desired to form a literary society devoted to Wolfe and McAleer provided the name: The Wolfe Pack.

title: Grizzly & Wolf Discovery Center

text: The center has three packs of wolves. The Granite wolf pack has two wolves with one living there since 2007 and the other wolf has been their since 2009. and were moved into their current habitat in 2009. The River Valley Wolf pack arrived as pups in 2007 and are in a separate habitat. The two habitats are separated by the Naturalist cabin, and the two packs can see each other through the large windows of the cabin. In 2013 the Grizzly and Wolf Discovery Center added a third wolf habitat for the high country wolf pack until they were moved to a behind the scenes wolf exhibit in 2018. (Source)

title: Bitten (novel)

text: Elena has settled into a somewhat normal existence, living with her architect boyfriend and ignoring her wolf side as much as possible. However, she learns that her Pack (the governing body of werewolves) is in trouble and comes to their aid, flying to Stonehaven, the country estate of the pack Alpha. It is in Bear Valley, a fictional city in up-state New York. When Elena arrives, she is greeted by her ex-lover, Clayton Danvers, who bit her and made her a werewolf (without her consent). Clayton is also the bodyguard and foster-son to Jeremy Danvers, the pack Alpha (leader). Elena learns that a local woman was found murdered on Stonehaven's land, savaged by what authorities thought to be a dog. However, the Pack has determined that she was murdered by a Mutt, a rogue werewolf. They find out he is a recently escaped killer who was recently turned into a werewolf. Clay and Elena chase him into a rave and after several of the partygoers are killed, the wolf is hit by an SUV.

title: Sketchy Bongo

text: Sketchy is part of a group called Wolf Pack, which consists of a group of producers, artists, graphic designers, rappers and kwaito artists. Wolf Pack includes other notable artists such as Aewon Wolf and Kyle Duetsch.

title: White Fang 2: Myth of the White Wolf

text: The next day, Henry decides to go back to the village, and gives Lilly a white cloth as a gift. White Fang, hiding in the forest, spots the wolf pack again, and a female wolf decides to come over and play with him. That night, as he is with the tribe, Henry hears White Fang howling. Henry runs into the forest, calling for White Fang. He finds a wolf, and thinking it's White Fang, calls to him, only to nearly be mauled by what turns out to be another wolf. White Fang intervenes and protects him against the wolf. Henry called White Fang to go to the village, but because White Fang had a female, that made him hesitate. Henry understood White Fang and let him to go with his friend, but White Fang decides against and joined Henry traveling back to the village. When he goes to sleep that night, Henry dreams a similar dream to the one Moses had earlier, but this time including Henry himself.

title: 2018 Homeless World Cup

text: Representing Europe, Lupo is a natural team player who believes the entire team should call the shots but can easily become the leader of the pack if required. Speed and dexterity are both attributes of the wolf, but its real success lies in its social cooperation and its ability to make friends with members of other packs. Lupo has been spotted with his pack howling support for other teams.

title: Akela (The Jungle Book)

text: Akela ( / "Akelā" also called The Lone Wolf or Big Wolf) is a fictional character in Rudyard Kipling's stories, "The Jungle Book" and "The Second Jungle Book". He is the leader of the Seeonee pack of Indian wolves and presides over the pack's council meetings. It is at such a meeting that the pack adopts the lost child Mowgli and Akela becomes one of Mowgli's mentors.

text: The Nevada Wolf Pack football statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Nevada Wolf Pack football program in various categories, including passing, rushing, receiving, total offense, defensive stats, and kicking. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Wolf Pack represent the University of Nevada, Reno in the NCAA's Mountain West Conference (MW).

title: Akela (The Jungle Book)

text:
Some years later, when Mowgli has been rejected by humanity and the pack is threatened with extinction by a rampaging pack of dholes, Akela joins the battle and fights to the death, finally dying in Mowgli's company ("Red Dog", in "The Second Jungle Book"). Akela did this for the love of Mowgli and his death is a major factor in Mowgli's decision to finally return to human society at the age of 17.
Lord Baden-Powell, the founder of scouting, based aspects of Cub Scouting on Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli Stories. In Cub Scouting, the terms "Law of the Pack," "Akela" (the leader of a group), "Wolf Cub", "Grand Howl", "den," and "pack" all refer to Kipling's work. He wrote "The Wolf Cub's Handbook", in which he compares scouting to a wolf pack and scout leaders to the character of Akela. The cubs usually chant in their pack meetings, "Akela, we will do our best".

text: The 2014 Nevada Wolf Pack Media Guide does not have any lists for total touchdowns responsible for, and since the Wolf Pack did not play in the FBS (formerly I-A) until 1992, most Internet statistical listing do not list the full history of Nevada's statistics. However, as Colin Kaepernick is the school leader in both passing touchdowns and rushing touchdowns, it is safe to say his 141 total touchdowns are the school record.


query: Is Fist of the North Star on going?

title: Fist of the North Star

text: Fist of the North Star(Japanese:北斗の拳,Hepburn:Hokuto no Ken, lit. "Fist of the Big Dipper")[lower-alpha 1] is a Japanese manga series written by Buronson and illustrated by Tetsuo Hara. Serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1983 to 1988, the 245 chapters were initially collected in 27 tankōbon volumes by Shueisha. Set in a post-apocalyptic world that has been destroyed by a nuclear war, the story centers on a warrior named Kenshiro, the successor of a deadly martial art known as Hokuto Shinken, which gives him the ability to kill most adversaries from within through the use of the human body's secret vital points, often resulting in an exceptionally violent and gory death. Kenshiro dedicates his life to fighting against the various gangs, bandits and warlords who threaten the lives of the weak and innocent, as well as rival martial artists, including his own "brothers" from the same school.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: In 2018, a dedicated e-reader was sold that shipped with 18 volumes of Fist of the North Star, without the option of loading anything else, it is a read-only device just for Fist of the North Star. It has two screens that fold out like a book and sold for ¥30,000 in Japan. The device is called an eOneBook and is powered by removable AAA batteries.[21]

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2003-2004) Shin Hokuto no Ken (New Fist of the North Star) - OVA, 3 Episodes

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (1984-1987) Hokuto no Ken (Fist of the North Star) - Animated Series, 109 Episodes

title: Fist of the North Star: Lost Paradise

text: Fist of the North Star: Lost Paradise is an action-adventure video game for the PlayStation 4, developed and published by Sega. It is based on the manga franchise "Fist of the North Star" by Buronson and Tetsuo Hara. It was released in Japan on March 8, 2018 and worldwide on October 2, 2018.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2008) Hokuto no Ken Zero: Kenshirou Den (Fist of the North Star: Legend of Kenshiro) - Animated movie

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2007) Hokuto no Ken: Raoh Gaiden Gekitou-hen (Fist of the North Star: Raoh Side Story Fierce Fighting Arc) - Animated movie

title: Fist of the North Star

text: Numerous video game titles based on the Fist of the North Star have been produced since the 1986 release of the Enix adventure game, simply titled Hokuto no Ken for the PC-88. The earlier games in the franchise were released by Sega for the Mark III and Mega Drive and by Toei Animation for Nintendo's Famicom, Game Boy and Super Famicom. These titles included side-scrolling action games, role-playing video games and competitive-style fighting games. The two Sega titles were released overseas without the Hokuto no Ken license under the titles of Black Belt and Last Battle, while a couple of the Toei titles, namely Fist of the North Star for the NES and Fist of the North Star: 10 Big Brawls for the King of Universe for the Game Boy, had American releases with the license intact. Further games were released for the Sega Saturn, PlayStation, Arcade, PlayStation 2 and Nintendo DS among other platforms. In 2000, Konami released an arcade game based on the franchise titled Fighting Mania. Another arcade game, a 2D fighting game simply titled Fist of the North Star, was produced by Sega and Arc System Works in 2005. Both games saw international distributions, although the PS2 version of the fighting game was released exclusively in Japan. Tecmo Koei produced a Dynasty Warriors spinoff focusing on the events from the first half of the manga, titled Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage. It which was released in Japan on March 25, 2010, and later in North America on November 2, 2010,[33] and Europe on November 5, 2010. A sequel, Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage 2, expanded on the first game and incorporated the events from the second half of the manga. It was released in Japan on December 20, 2012, and in North America on February 5, 2013. On August 25, 2017, Sega announced a new game, Fist of the North Star: Lost Paradise, for release in 2018 on PlayStation 4. The game was released on March 8, 2018 by the team behind the Yakuza series and features similar gameplay and elements.[34]

title: Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage

text: Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage, originally released in Japan as , is a 3D beat 'em up for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 developed by Omega Force and published by Tecmo Koei. It is a spin-off of the "Dynasty Warriors" series based on the manga franchise "Fist of the North Star" by Buronson and Tetsuo Hara. It was first released in Japan on March 25, 2010, and it was released in North America on November 2, 2010 and in Europe on November 5. A was announced with a surprise trailer at the Electronic Entertainment Expo in June 2012. New playable characters and story arcs are featured, and the game was released in Japan on December 2012.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2015) DD Hokuto no Ken 2 Ichigo Aji+ (DD Fist of the North Star 2: Strawberry Flavor Plus) - Animated series, 12 Episodes

title: List of Fist of the North Star characters

text: The following is a list of characters from the manga and anime franchise "Fist of the North Star" by Tetsuo Hara and Buronson. All characters are from the original manga unless otherwise noted.

title: Fist of the North Star (disambiguation)

text: Fist of the North Star is a manga series that was originally serialized from 1983 to 1988 in the Japanese "Weekly Shonen Jump".

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2006) Hokuto no Ken: Raoh Gaiden Junai-hen (Fist of the North Star: Raoh Side Story Junai Arc) - OVA

title: Fist of the North Star

text: Fist of the North Star was adapted into two anime television series produced by Toei Animation, which together aired on Fuji TV and its affiliates from 1984 through 1988, comprising a combined total of 152 episodes. It has since expanded into a media franchise, including a number of films, OVAs, video games, and a series of spin-offs centering on other characters from the original story. It has also had a number of video games and pachinko machines produced by Sega Sammy. As of June 2018, Fist of the North Star is the 18th highest-grossing media franchise of all time, estimated to have generated more than $20 billion in total revenue.[3]

title: List of Fist of the North Star video games

text: The following is a list of video games based on the manga Fist of the North Star. Since , many video games based on the Hokuto no Ken franchise have been released for the Japanese market, including coin-operated arcade games and computer software. The majority of these games were released only in Japan, with the exceptions of Fist of the North Star for the Nintendo Entertainment System by Taxan Soft in , Fist of the North Star: 10 Big Brawls for the King of Universe for the Game Boy by Electro Brain in , and the Ken's Rage series by Koei Tecmo, which started in . The arcade games Fighting Mania by Konami and the Fist of the North Star fighting game by Sega, also received international distribution.[1][2] Additionally, the Sega games Black Belt for the Master System and Last Battle for the Genesis, were originally released as Hokuto no Ken video games in Japan before they were stripped of the license and rebranded for the international market.

title: List of Fist of the North Star chapters

text: Viz Communications published the first sixteen chapters of "Fist of the North Star" in English as an eight-issue monthly comic in 1989, which were later reprinted in a single graphic novel collection in 1995. During that same year, Viz resumed publication of the series as a monthly comic until 1997, lasting eighteen issues (spanning chapters 17-44), which were subsequently reprinted in three additional graphic novels. The license was later acquired by Gutsoon! Entertainment, which published a new translation of the series in the form of a "Master Edition" featuring newly colorized artwork and retained the original right-to-left orientation of the art, as well as new cover artwork by Tetsuo Hara from the fourth volume and onward. "Fist of the North Star: Master Edition" was published from 2002 to 2003, lasting only nine volumes, due to Gutsoon!'s withdrawal from the North American market.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: In 2005, North Stars Pictures and TMS Entertainment announced the development of a five-part film series titled Fist of the North Star: The Legends of the True Savior.[29] The series is composed of three theatrical films and two OVAs, which were released during a three-year period between 2006 throughout 2008, culminating with the 25th anniversary of the franchise.[30]

title: Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage

text: The first opening song of the "Fist of the North Star" anime, "Ai o Torimodose!!", can also be heard in the game as background music. It was given a special heavy metal arrangement for the game and plays during important events.

title: Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage

text: IGN awarded the game five out of ten and said "There are different stories to play through and plenty to unlock, but it's nothing special." "Edge" magazine awarded the PlayStation 3 version five out of ten and said "It all adds up to an uneven brawler, a game with the resources and technology to break through the walls of the developer's lineage but one unprepared to fully let go and take a chance." "GamesTM" awarded the same version seven out of ten. PALGN likewise awarded the same version seven out of ten and said "If you like beat 'em ups, you will appreciate this one, but ultimately "Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage" is a love letter to fans of the original series."

title: Fist of the North Star

text: Berserk creator Kentaro Miura has named Fist of the North Star as the work that has had the biggest impact on his own.[42]

title: Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage

text: Pokka Coffee was performing a collaboration event with Fist of the North Star in which they had specially printed cans on their products. These same drinks were present during the March 3rd Premium play test for "Ken's Rage".

title: Fist of the North Star

text: In 2003, a three-episode original video animation (OVA) mini-series titled New Fist of the North Star was produced by OB Planning, based on a 1996 Hokuto no Ken novel, Jubaku no Machi. An English dub version was produced by ADV Films in 2004.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: Fist of the North Star was one of Weekly Shōnen Jump's most popular titles during the 1980s. It is one of the best-selling manga series in history, having sold approximately 100 million copies.[39] In a poll conducted by TV Asahi in 2005, the Fist of the North Star anime series ranked 26 in a list of Top 100 Anime series.[40] In a second poll in 2006, it ranked 89.[41] In a celebrity version of the poll, it ranked 15.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: In 2001, Tetsuo Hara began working on a Fist of the North Star prequel titled Fist of the Blue Sky, which was serialized in Weekly Comic Bunch until 2010. Set during the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1935, the story stars Hokuto Shinken predecessor and Kenshiro's namesake, Kenshiro Kasumi. An English adaptation of Fist of the Blue Sky was published in North America by Gutsoon! Entertainment in the now-defunct manga anthology Raijin Comics. Four collected volumes were published before the company went out of business.

title: Omega Force

text: Fist of the North Star: Ken's Rage, released in Japan as , is a series developed by Omega Force and published by Tecmo Koei. It is based on the manga franchise "Fist of the North Star" by Buronson and Tetsuo Hara.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2007) Hokuto no Ken: Yuria-den (Fist of the North Star: The Legend of Yuria) - OVA

title: Fighting Mania

text: Fighting Mania: Fist of the North Star, released in Japan as , is a boxing game based on the manga series "Fist of the North Star" released by Konami in as a coin-operated arcade game.

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2008) Hokuto no Ken: Raoh Gaiden Ten no Haoh (Legends of the Dark King: A Fist of the North Star Story) - Animated series, 13 Episodes

title: Kentaro Miura

text: Miura stated that the work that had the biggest impact on his own is "Fist of the North Star". The manga artist Go Nagai had a key element in developing Miura's style. Miura has also cited "Star Wars" and Susumu Hirasawa's music as inspiration.

title: Fist of the North Star (disambiguation)

text: Fist of the North Star may also refer to:

title: Fist of the North Star

text: (2008) Hokuto no Ken: Toki-den (Fist of the North Star: The Legend of Toki) - OVA


query: What is the name for someone who practices judo?

title: Judo

text: Judo(wikt:柔道,jūdō, meaning "gentle way") was originally created in 1882 by Jigoro Kano (嘉納治五郎) as a physical, mental and moral pedagogy in Japan. It is generally categorized as a modern martial art, which later evolved into a combat and Olympic sport. Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the objective is to either throw or takedown an opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue an opponent with a pin, or force an opponent to submit with a joint lock or a choke. Strikes and thrusts by hands and feet as well as weapons defenses are a part of judo, but only in pre-arranged forms (kata, 形) and are not allowed in judo competition or free practice (randori, 乱取り). A judo practitioner is called a judoka.

title: Sport in Saskatchewan

text:
Judo is practiced in many communities across the province. The formal name of the non-profit organization is the Saskatchewan Kodokan Black Belt Association, but is more commonly known as Judo Saskatchewan. Clubs in the province include:
Ka-newonaskasehtew Judo Club, PunnichyJu-No-Ri Judo Club, WatrousLaRonge Judo ClubLloydminster Judo ClubMelfort Judo ClubKenshukan Judo Club, Prince AlbertMeadow Lake Judo ClubPense Judo ClubRegina YMCA Judo ClubSaskatoon YMCA Judo ClubSenshudokan Judo Club, ReginaSouth Corman Park Judo Club, SaskatoonSt. Brieux Judo ClubStanley Mission Judo ClubSwift Current Judo ClubVibank Judo Club The organization holds several regional competitions each season, four provincial tournaments, a closed provincial championships and a one primary annual shiai (tournament) called the Sask Open. Saskatchewan has produced two olympic athletes, Nancy Jewitt-Filteau and Frazer Will and has had several other olympic athletes train and coach in the province, including Sandra Greaves and Ewan Beaton.

title: Judo in Brazil

text: The practice of the Japanese martial art of Judo in Brazil dates back to 1914, and its presence spawned the creation of another notable martial art, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. However, Judo practice in Brazil did not cease after the inception of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, as evidenced by the 4th Edition of the World Judo Championships being held in Rio de Janeiro in 1965. Furthermore, in the 2012 Summer Olympics Brazilian Judoka Sarah Menezes Won the Gold Medal in Judo, with other Brazilians winning Bronze medals in various divisions, placing Brazil sixth overall in total number of medals won in Judo at the 2012 Summer Games, signifying the continued vitality of the martial art in Brazil.

title: Budō

text: One view is that a bujutsu is the martial art you practice, whereas a budo is the lifestyle you live and the path you walk by practicing a bujutsu. For example, one could say that Judo and Jujutsu practised as a martial art are one and the same, meaning that the practice of the art Jujutsu leads to obtaining the lifestyle of Judo (Judo was originally known as Kano Jujutsu, after Judo's founder Kano Jigoro). That would also be true for arts such as kenjutsu/kendo and iaijutsu/iaido.

title: Mi-Hyun Kim

text: Kim retired from the LPGA Tour after playing several tournaments during the 2011 season. In December 2008 she married Lee Won-hee, a former Olympic gold medalist in judo who now teaches judo at a university in South Korea. In 2009 they had a son, Ye Sung Lee, who was born in Orlando, Florida. She currently teaches golf in South Korea. A golf teaching/practice facility built by her father is named the Mi-Hyun Kim Golf World.

title: Judo

text: Judo pedagogy emphasizes randori (乱取り, literally "taking chaos", but meaning "free practice"). This term covers a variety of forms of practice, and the intensity at which it is carried out varies depending on intent and the level of expertise of the participants. At one extreme, is a compliant style of randori, known as Yakusoku geiko(約束稽古, prearranged practice), in which neither participant offers resistance to their partner's attempts to throw. A related concept is that of Sute geiko(捨稽古, throw-away practice), in which an experienced judoka allows himself to be thrown by his less-experienced partner.[34] At the opposite extreme from yakusoku geiko is the hard style of randori that seeks to emulate the style of judo seen in competition. While hard randori is the cornerstone of judo, over-emphasis of the competitive aspect is seen as undesirable by traditionalists if the intent of the randori is to "win" rather than to learn.[35]

title: United States Judo Federation

text: The United States Judo Federation was originally known as the Amateur Judo Association in 1952. In 1955 it was renamed Judo Black Belt Federation. As late as 1955, the JBBF was the only Judo federation in the United States. In 1967, it changed its name to the United States Judo Federation. In 1969, a faction of the Armed Forces Judo Association became the United States Judo Association.

title: International Judo Federation

text: The International Judo Federation (IJF) was founded in July 1951. The IJF was originally composed of judo federations from Europe plus Argentina. Countries from four continents were affiliated over the next ten years. Today the IJF has 200 National Federations on all continents. There are over 40 million people around the globe who practice judo, according to the IJF.

title: The Canon of Judo

text: In the book, Kyuzo Mifune explains his metaphysical view of Judo, its role in Japanese society (and the world), and benefits to the individual player. He notes that Judo initially only included throws, and explains the difference between Judo and Ju-jutsu. He discusses the role of competition in Judo, and the purpose of free practice, randori, and explains that it is an indispensable part of the sport.

title: Judo rules

text: This article describes the rules of judo. The main sections of the article describe the rules that apply to any situation in which judo is practiced, and those rules which apply only in judo competitions. Separate sections describe the history of the rules of judo, provide links to other sources of information on judo rules, and list the references for this article.

title: James Takemori

text: Takemori began practicing judo in 1937. He founded the Washington Judo Club with Don Draeger and taught there from the end of World War II. The club became the largest in the area and while there he would reach 9th dan in judo (one of the handful of Americans to reach that rank). James Takemori was one of the founders of the Judo Black Belt Federation which became the United States Judo Federation. By 1965, he was considered one of the top 15 judo black belts in America. He served as a coach for the 1964 US Olympic judo bronze medalist Jim Bregman and served as a coach for the US men's and women's national teams. He served on selection committees for the US men's and women's national and international teams. He served as a coach for other US Teams as well including the Southern US Team. Takemori utilized his influence in getting Allen Coage named to the US 1976 Olympic Team in the open weight class where he won a bronze medal. It was under Takemori's leadership that the US Women won three bronze medals in the first women's Worlds Championships in judo. He served as the USJF Juniors chairman. He also served as Chairman of the AAU Junior Judo Program.

title: Kodokan Judo Institute

text: The Kodokan Institute offers classes for those who want to master judo. The program is authorized as a non-regular school by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Its courses include the theories and practice of judo, and matters of general education. The course is divided into two parts: a general course for novices, and special courses for those who have completed the general course or its equivalent.

title: Mansour Sarwari

text: Mansour Sarwari (born 30 March 1992) is an Afghan male kurash practitioner who also practiced judo and sambo. He has competed at the 2015 World Judo Championships and took part in the men's +100kg event.

title: Judo in Canada

text: Musician Mark Kasprzyk, who previously went by the stage name 'Kazzer', was an alternate for Canada's 2000 Olympic Judo team. In the video for his best known song as Kazzer, "Pedal to the Metal" (2002), Kasprzyk confronts a bully (played by Sebastian Pawlak, also a judo fighter) and disables him using the Judo throw "ippon seoi nage". He now goes by 'Kaz' and is the front man for the group Redlight King, best known for a song titled "Old Man" (2011) that samples fellow Canadian Neil Young's song by the same name.

title: Mark Law

text: He is the author of "The Pyjama Game, A Journey Into Judo", published in June 2007 by Aurum Press, for which he was named as Best New Writer in the 2008 British Sports Book Awards. The book was published in the US under the title "Falling Hard: A Journey Into The World Of Judo". Robert Twigger, author of Angry White Pyjamas, in The Sunday Times referred to The Pyjama Game as "an excellent history of judo combining theory, story-telling and first-hand practice". Taki, of The Spectator, also called "Mark Law’s excellent The Pyjama Game" "the greatest judo book ever".

title: Judo

text: Kata(形, kata, forms) are pre-arranged patterns of techniques and in judo, with the exception of the Seiryoku-Zen'yō Kokumin-Taiiku, they are all practised with a partner. Their purposes include illustrating the basic principles of judo, demonstrating the correct execution of a technique, teaching the philosophical tenets upon which judo is based, allowing for the practice of techniques that are not allowed in randori, and to preserve ancient techniques that are historically important but are no longer used in contemporary judo.[36]

title: Yawara!

text: Yawara Inokuma is a girl who aspires to an ordinary life but due to her innate talent is forced to practice judo by her authoritarian grandfather, Jigorou Inokuma, with the aim of achieving the championship in Japan and the gold medal in the Barcelona 1992 Olympic Games. Because of the pressure from her grandfather she has a generally bad attitude about judo, avoiding it as much as she can. However, over time she comes to understand why her grandfather loves judo and appreciates it more.

title: Judo in the United States

text: The sport was first introduced to the United States in about 1902 when then US President, Theodore Roosevelt, practiced in the White House. Judo began to develop in the 1950s when it became required for the US Air Force. After these advances it was officially recognized as an AAU sport, and there have been national competitions and tournaments ever since. The United States formed an Olympic team and competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics, which it continues to do to this day. Judo is now practiced by and estimated 100,000 American men, women, and children (25,000 registered in either the USJA, USJF, and USA Judo).

title: Jujutsu

text: Not all jujutsu was used in sporting contests, but the practical use in the samurai world ended circa 1890. Techniques like hair-pulling and eye-poking were and are not considered acceptable in sport, thus, they are excluded from judo competitions or randori. However, Judo did preserve the more lethal, dangerous techniques in its kata. The kata were intended to be practiced by students of all grades but now are mostly practiced formally as complete set-routines for performance, kata competition, and grading, rather than as individual self-defense techniques in class. However, judo retained the full set of choking and strangling techniques for its sporting form and all manner of joint locks. Even judo's pinning techniques have pain-generating, spine-and-rib-squeezing and smothering aspects. A submission induced by a legal pin is considered a legitimate win. Kanō viewed the safe "contest" aspect of judo as an important part of learning how to control an opponent's body in a real fight. Kanō always considered judo a form of, and a development of, jujutsu.

title: Budokwai

text: The budokwai's membership has included a number of notable individuals. In March 1936 Sarah Mayer became the first non-Japanese woman to gain a Dan grade (black belt) in Judo. She had started practicing judo at the Budokwai in the 1920s before traveling independently to Japan in 1934 with a letter of introduction from the Budokwai to train in judo. As of 2013 Olympian judoka Raymond Stevens and Winston Gordon are active members, other Olympian members have included Neil Adams, Brian Jacks and Angelo Parisi. Celebrity members have included musicians Kylie Minogue, Simon Le Bon and Mick Jagger. Sportsmen from other areas who have trained in judo at the Budokwai include Brazilian jiu-jitsu champion Roger Gracie and Olympic runner Sebastian Coe. William Hague British politician and Foreign Secretary who regularly partnered Sebastian Coe for judo training at the Budokwai.

title: Judo in Brazil

text: Mitsuyo Maeda introduced Judo to Brazil in November of 1914. Maeda was a member of the Kodokan, and one of five of Judo’s top groundwork experts. Judo founder, Kanō Jigorō sent Maeda as something of an ambassador to broaden Judo practice on a worldwide level. Maeda introduced Judo, (designated ‘Kano Jiu-Jitsu’ in that period) to Carlos Gracie, the first of several in his family that would take up the sport and eventually mold it into Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, sometimes referred to as Gracie Jiu-Jitsu.

title: Yarden Gerbi

text: Gerbi, who began practicing judo at age 6, trains with club Meditav Netanya. Shani Hershko, former coach of the Israeli women's national judo team, has been her trainer since childhood.

title: Kaeshi-no-kata

text: As judo in the early days was often popularized outside Japan by means of public demonstrations given by judo experts, many exercises were presented in demonstration form, several for which names were invented in Europe by residing Japanese, who often had some martial arts, but relatively little judo experience. Now that "kaeshi-(no)-kata" in reality has no basis as an existing kata, it is evident that it also is not and never has been an officially recognized Kodokan kata. However, in Britain, this "kata" exists in two forms with minor variations in order and techniques, but its practice is almost entirely limited to public demonstrations or judo rank promotion tests.Alternatively:

title: Morihiro Saito

text: In the years immediately following the end of World War II, the carrying of weapons of any kind, as well the practice of martial arts, was prohibited by the GHQ. As a result, Saito felt he should study some kind of unarmed self-defense technique, and began training in Shinto-ryū karate at the Shudokan in Meguro. After a short time, his work with the Japanese National Railways transferred him to Iwama, and he was forced to find other martial arts training. Thinking judo would be a useful complement to his kendo and karate skills, he began training at a judo dojo in Ishioka. In the summer of 1946, however, Saito heard stories about an "old man doing strange techniques up on the mountain near Iwama." It seemed that people were confused about what martial art, exactly, this old man was practicing, but one judo instructor said the man was teaching "Ueshiba-ryū Judo."

title: Sumie Sakai

text: As a young woman, Sakai practiced judo. From 1995 to 1997, she halted her practice of judo to work with senior citizens at the Kasugamachi Care Center in Kanazawa, Ishikawa.

title: Judo

text: Kano's vision for judo was one of a martial way that could be practiced realistically. Randori (free practice) was a central part of judo pedagogy and shiai (competition) a crucial test of a judoka's understanding of judo.[74] Safety necessitated some basic innovations that shaped judo's development. Atemi waza (striking techniques) were entirely limited to kata (prearranged forms) early in judo's history. Kansetsu waza (joint manipulation techniques) were limited to techniques that focused on the elbow joint. Various throwing techniques that were judged to be too dangerous to practice safely were also prohibited in shiai. To maximise safety in nage waza (throwing techniques), judoka trained in ukemi (break falls) and practiced on tatami (rice straw mats).

title: Kazakhstan Judo Federation

text: Nowadays one of the priority tasks of the Authorities of the Judo Federation of the Republic of Kazakhstan is development of club judo, as is common in the world practice. Among the pioneers there are clubs «Lashyn» and «Arlan» in Almaty, «Yenbek» and «Judo Asia» in Karagandy. For 2011, it was planned to hold the first judo club championship of Kazakhstan.

title: Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs

text: Following the Act, the panel no longer has to have: someone who practices veterinary medicine; someone who practices medicine, other than veterinary medicine; someone who practices dentistry; someone who practices pharmacy; someone from the pharmaceutical industry; or a chemist, other than from the pharmaceutical chemistry.

title: Jujutsu

text: Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) was developed after Mitsuyo Maeda brought judo to Brazil in 1914. Maeda agreed to teach the art to Luiz França and Carlos Gracie, son of his friend, businessman and politician Gastão Gracie. Luiz França went on to teach it to Oswaldo Fadda. After Carlos learned the art from Maeda, he passed his knowledge to his brothers Oswaldo, Gastão Jr., and George. Meanwhile, Hélio Gracie would peek in and practice the techniques, although he was told he was too young to practice. At the time, judo was still commonly called Kanō jiu-jitsu (from its founder Kanō Jigorō), which is why this derivative of judo is called "Brazilian jiu-jitsu" rather than "Brazilian judo". Its emphasis shifted to ground grappling because the Gracie family thought it was more efficient and much more practical. Carlos and Helio helped the development by promoting fights (mostly against practitioners of other martial arts), competitions and experimenting throughout decades of intense training. BJJ dominated the first large modern mixed martial arts competitions, causing the emerging field to adopt many of its practices. Less-practiced stand-up techniques in Gracie Jiu Jitsu remain from its judo and jujutsu heritage (knife defense, gun defense, throws, blocking, striking etc.).

title: Anatoly Kharlampiyev

text: By creating a system of Sambo, Anatoly Kharlampiev carefully studied judo and mastered it in practice. In judo, he saw evidence of a new type of combat clothing, enriched with the most effective techniques of other forms of struggle. Judo he mastered under the direction of Vasili Oshchepkov that during long-term stay in Japan practiced in Kodokan Judo school.

title: Gracie Challenge

text: Hélio Gracie issued a challenge to a highly touted Judoka named Masahiko Kimura. An agreement was made under what would be known as the "Gracie Rules" via the Gracie Challenge that throws and pins would NOT count towards victory only submission or loss of consciousness. This played against Judo rules in which Pins and throws can award someone a victory. Kimura would go on to defeat Hélio in 14 minutes. Kimura broke Hélio's arm during the match with a reverse ude-garami after applying a number of submissions. According to Kimura in his book "My Judo", he thought of Hélio Gracie to be a 6th dan judoka at the time of his fight with him in 1951.