query: Who is the president of the University of Freiburg?

title: University of Freiburg

text: When previous rector Prof. Dr. Jäger retired in 2008, law professor Prof. Dr. Andreas Voßkuhle was chosen as his successor. However, shortly after the start of his term, the Social Democratic Party of Germany nominated Voßkuhle as vice-president of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany. Voßkuhle accepted the nomination, was confirmed, and took his seat on the court in May 2008. In July 2008, then vice-rector Prof. Dr. Hans-Jochen Schiewer was elected as successor to Voßkuhle. Schiewer has assumed the position of rector with the start of the winter term 2008/2009.

text:
The first Social Studies schools were founded in Freiburg after the end of World War I. The qualification of its staff has always been of central importance to the founder of the German Caritas association ("Deutscher Caritasverband"), Lorenz Werthmann. In 1920, the Caritas School Freiburg ("Caritasschule Freiburg") was founded based on the focus of preparing church communities for charitable work.
In 1933, the school was renamed to "Seminar for social welfare worker" ("Seminar für Wohlfahrtspfleger")
On 1 October 2010, the Catholic Technical College Freiburg ("Katholische Fachhochschule Freiburg") was renamed to the Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg ("Katholische Hochschule Freiburg").In 2007, tuition fees of €500 were introduced by the federal government of Baden-Württemberg. In 2011, these fees have been abolished again for state universities. For the winter semester 2012/13, the tuition fees for the Bachelor programmes at the Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg were reduced from €500 to €280.

title: University of Freiburg

text: In 1900, Freiburg became the first German university to accept female students. In the beginning of the 20th century, several new university buildings were built in the centre of Freiburg, such as the new main building in 1911. The university counted 3,000 students just before World War I. After World War I, the philosophers Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger (since 1928) taught at Albert Ludwigs University, as well as Edith Stein. In the field of social sciences, Walter Eucken developed the idea of ordoliberalism, which subsequently is known as the "Freiburg School".

title: University of Freiburg

text: The University of Freiburg (colloquially German: Uni Freiburg), officially the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (German: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg), is a public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The university was founded in 1457 by the Habsburg dynasty as the second university in Austrian-Habsburg territory after the University of Vienna. Today, Freiburg is the fifth-oldest university in Germany, with a long tradition of teaching the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences. The university is made up of 11 faculties and attracts students from across Germany as well as from over 120 other countries. Foreign students constitute about 16% of total student numbers.[4]

title: Freiburg Botanical Garden

text: The garden was founded in 1620 by the University of Freiburg. A building on the same property was rebuilt as a hospital for members of the university, which also served for anatomy training. It was one of the first botanical gardens in Germany. The garden was originally part of the University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine. The first director of the garden was Jacobus Walter (born 1655), a professor of medicine who was also responsible for botany. During the Thirty Years' War, the garden was destroyed.

title: University of Freiburg

text: The University of Freiburg cooperates closely with external research institutions located in Freiburg, several of which are connected with chairs at the university.[41]

title: Paul Uhlenhuth

text: Paul Theodor Uhlenhuth (7 January 1870 in Hanover – 13 December 1957 in Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German bacteriologist and immunologist, and Professor at the University of Strasbourg (1911–1918), at the University of Marburg (1918–1923) and at the University of Freiburg (1923–1936). He was rector of the University of Freiburg 1928–1929. After his retirement in 1936, he led his own research institute in Freiburg, known as the State Research Laboratory, until his death in 1957.

title: University Library Freiburg

text: The University Library Freiburg (German Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg, UB) is the library of the University of Freiburg. As an academic and research library, the University Library caters to students and staff of the University of Freiburg, the University of Education Freiburg, the Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg, and the Protestant University of Applied Sciences Freiburg. The library is open to interested members of the public as well.

title: University of Freiburg

text: When Freiburg became a part of the newly established Grand Duchy of Baden (in German "Großherzogtum Baden") in 1805 (after Napoleon occupied the area of the formerly Further Austria), a crisis began for the university in Freiburg. Indeed, there were considerations by Karl Friedrich, Grand Duke of Baden and Karl, Grand Duke of Baden to close down the university in Freiburg while both of them thought that the Grand Duchy could not afford to run two universities at the same time (the Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg had existed since 1386).

title: Freiburg im Breisgau

text: Freiburg also plays host to various other educational and research institutes, such as the Freiburg University of Education, the Protestant University for Applied Sciences Freiburg, Freiburg Music Academy, the Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg, the International University of Cooperative Education IUCE, three Max Planck institutes, and five Fraunhofer institutes.

text: Among those involved are the Bioss Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, the Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, and the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), which were created in conjunction with the success of the University of Freiburg Excellence Initiative of German universities. Furthermore, various research clusters funded by the German Research Foundation, the Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, the Ludwig Heilmeyer Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, the Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, and the Center for Biological Systems Analysis provide for extensive research capabilities, propelling the University of Freiburg into a leading position. As mentioned above, the Faculty of Medicine ranks highly in a series of rankings also measuring research output. In the 2010 edition of the Academic Ranking of World Universities compiled by Shanghai Jiaotong University the University of Freiburg ranked in the group 76-100 in the subject field Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy and the group 51-75 for Life and Agriculture Sciences. QS World University Rankings ranked Freiburg 87th worldwide in Life Sciences & Biomedicine in their 2009 edition.

title: Konrad Stürtzel

text: Konrad was born about 1435 as a son of a citizen in Kitzingen in Lower Franconia. In 1453 he went to the university in Heidelberg and left as a Master of Arts four years later. In 1460 he was one of the first professors at the young University of Freiburg in Breisgau, which belonged to Austria at that time and became its president for the first time in 1469. At the same time he studied canon law and got his doctor's degree (Dr. jur. can.). In 1478/1479 he again became president of the University of Freiburg.

title: Freiburg Botanical Garden

text: Freiburg Botanical Garden (German: Botanischer Garten Freiburg or "Botanischer Garten der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg") is a botanical garden in the Herdern district at Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany and is associated with the University of Freiburg as the "Forschungs- und Lehrgarten der Universität Freiburg" (Garden for research and teaching of the University of Freiburg) of the Faculty of Biology. The current director of the garden is Professor Dr. Thomas Speck.

title: University of Freiburg

text: The University of Freiburg has a variety of graduate education and research opportunities. In an evaluation of European graduate programs, Freiburg was ranked among the leading universities in several subject fields examined.[39][40]

title: University of Freiburg

text: After World War II, the university was reopened. New buildings for natural sciences were erected in the Institutsviertel ("institute quarter"). In the postwar years, the ideas of ordoliberalism, developed earlier by economists of the Freiburg School, such as Walter Eucken, Franz Böhm, Hans Grossmann-Doerth, and Leonhard Miksch, drove the creation of the German social market economy and its attendant Wirtschaftswunder. Nobel Prize winner and former professor at the University of Freiburg, Friedrich Hayek, is also associated with this theory. He directed the Walter Eucken Institut, an economic think tank in Freiburg cooperating with the university. Arnold Bergstraesser, considered a founding father or German political science after World War II, was also a professor at the University of Freiburg. His research group later formed what is now the Arnold Bergstraesser Institute for sociocultural research at the university.

title: University of Freiburg

text: The university had enough endowments and earnings to survive until the beginning of the regency of Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden in 1818. Finally in 1820, he saved the university with an annual contribution. Since then, the university has been named Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg (Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg) as an acknowledgement of gratitude by the university and the citizens of Freiburg.

title: University of Freiburg

text: The city of Freiburg is known for its environmentally friendly policies and focus on renewable energy and sustainability, attracting solar industry and research to the city. This environmentally conscious attitude also extends to the University of Freiburg which has founded the work group "Nachhaltige Universität Freiburg" (Sustainable University of Freiburg) and has drawn up environmental guidelines to be implemented in university practice.

title: University Medical Center Freiburg

text: The University Medical Center Freiburg "(Universitätsklinikum Freiburg)" in Freiburg, Germany is the teaching hospital and part of the medical research unit of the University of Freiburg and home to its Faculty of Medicine. The medical center is one of the largest in Europe. Medical services at the University of Freiburg date back to the university's founding in 1457, as the Faculty of Medicine was one of the four founding faculties.

text: The Uhlenhuth Research Laboratory of the University of Freiburg, originally known as the State Research Laboratory (), was a research institute in the field of medical microbiology and infectious diseases in Freiburg, Germany. It was established in 1936 with funding from the German Research Council for the world-renowned microbiologist and immunologist Paul Uhlenhuth to provide a platform for his continued research after he had retired from his university chair at the University of Freiburg, and Uhlenhuth served as the institute's director until his death in 1957 at the age of 87. The scientific staff consisted of Uhlenhuth and a small number of researchers. As the name suggests, it was a state institute in the Republic of Baden and later in Baden-Württemberg. It was originally an independent research institution, albeit closely associated with the University of Freiburg, but in the early 1950s, the institute formally became part of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Freiburg. After Uhlenhuth's death, it was integrated in the Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene.

title: Messe Freiburg

text: The Messe Freiburg is situated 2.5 km northwest of the Freiburg Old Town and is in close vicinity to the airfield, the goods station, parts of the University of Freiburg, the University Medical Center and the Industrial Area in the North (Industriegebiet Nord). The Messe Freiburg is connected to the city center by the Breisgau-S-Bahn, with the station Neue "Messe/Universität", and since December 2015, by the tram-line 4 used as a part of the Freiburg city railway. The tram-line 4 will be extended by two stations by 2017. In the future the final stop will be "Madisonalle". 4000 Parking spaces are available for visitors who arrive by car.

text:
The Catholic University of Applied Sciences in Freiburg im Breisgau is the biggest University of Applied Sciences of Social- and Healthcare in the state of Baden-Württemberg.
The responsible body of the Catholic University of Applied Sciences is the Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg gGmbH ("Katholische Hochschule Freiburg gGmbH"). The shareholders are the archdiocese Freiburg, the diocese Rottenburg-Stuttgart, the German Caritas association, the Caritas association of the archdiocese Freiburg and the Caritas association of the diocese Rottenburg-Stuttgart.

title: James Harvey Robinson

text: Robinson was born in Bloomington, Illinois, the son of a bank president. After traveling to Europe in 1882 and returning to work in his father's bank, Robinson entered Harvard University in 1884, earning his M.A. in 1888 before returning to Europe. After further study at the University of Strasbourg and the University of Freiburg, he received his Ph.D. at Freiburg in 1890, and began teaching European history at the University of Pennsylvania in 1891, moving to Columbia University in 1895–1919, becoming a full professor in 1895. He trained numerous graduate students who went on to professorships around the United States.

title: Karl Diehl (economist)

text: Karl Diehl (March 27, 1864, Frankfurt—May 12, 1943 in Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German economist and professor who taught from 1908 until his death in Freiburg. He taught at the universities of Heidelberg and Freiburg, known for teaching on the subject of Anarchism.

title: University of Freiburg Faculty of Theology

text: The Freiburg Faculty of Theology is one of the constituent faculties of the University of Freiburg located in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It was one of the four founding faculties of the university in 1457. A Roman-Catholic faculty, approximately 700 students are enrolled as candidates for priesthood, as graduate theologists for service in the church, or in order to achieve graduate teaching qualifications. The Faculty of Theology has been home to influential theologians such as Thomas Murner, Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, the critic of Protestant Reformation Johann Eck. The most famous personality of the faculty is undoubtedly Desiderius Erasmus, who was a member of the faculty from 1529 on, although he did not engage in teaching.

text: The Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg (German "Katholische Hochschule Freiburg") was founded in 1971 through combining several predecessor institutions. It is one of the five Universities of Freiburg and one of the seven Catholic Universities of Applied Sciences in Germany.

title: Otto Krayer

text: Otto Krayer's parents were the council scribe Hermann Krayer and his wife Frieda (née Wolfsperger), who made a living from the 'Rebstock' restaurant in Köndringen, Baden. Otto Krayer's education in Emmendingen and at the Rotteck-Gynasium in Freiburg was disrupted by the First World War: he was wounded on the Western Front. From 1919 to 1924 Krayer studied medicine in Freiburg, Munich and Berlin. In 1925 he interned for Paul Trendelenburg at the University of Freiburg's Institute of Pharmacology. In 1926 he graduated as a medical doctor with his thesis: 'The Pharmacological Characteristics of Pure Apocodeine' and finally he became a scientific assistant at the University of Freiburg.

text: The University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine (German "Medizinische Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg") is the medical school and dental school of the University of Freiburg and forms university's biomedical research unit together the University Medical Center Freiburg. The faculty was founded in 1457 as one of Germany's oldest and is regarded among its most distinguished.

title: University of Freiburg

text: University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies University Church, Freiburg Freiburg School of Economic Thought IMTEK List of medieval universities University of Freiburg Faculty of Biology

title: University Medical Center Freiburg

text: In April 2012 the Cardiovascular Center at the University Medical Center Freiburg fused with the Heart-Center Bad Krozingen to form the Heart Center Freiburg University (Universitäres Herz- und Kreislaufzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen) which has become the largest heart center in Germany.

title: University of Freiburg

text: In university rankings published by German magazines and periodicals (Der Spiegel, Die Zeit, Focus, etc.[26][27]) the University of Freiburg has established itself as one of Germany's top universities.[28] The faculties for law, medicine, economics, history, English studies, German studies, biology, dentistry, and pharmacology achieve especially high scores.[29][30][31] In regards to the natural sciences, the University of Freiburg ranked sixth in Europe and second in Germany[6] in a ranking of the European Commission of the universities according to their overall impact on scientific research. The Centre for Higher Education Development, a German higher education think tank, periodically publishes a comprehensive ranking of European Master's and PhD programs. Freiburg garnered five spots in the top Excellence Group among seven subject fields examined.[32] In a recent survey by the Nature Publishing Group, the Nature Publishing Index - 2012 Global Top 100, the University of Freiburg was the highest-ranked German university and ranked 66th worldwide and 18th in Europe.[33] A recent study, "Benchmarking China and Germany: An Analysis of Patent Portfolios of Universities and Research Organizations", was published in May 2013 and sought to evaluate leading universities and research institutions in Germany and China in regards to their patent applications. The study placed the University of Freiburg as the third-most innovative university in Germany in terms of total patent applications.[34]

title: Johns Hopkins University

text: The trustees worked alongside four notable university presidents – Charles W. Eliot of Harvard, Andrew D. White of Cornell, Noah Porter of Yale College and James B. Angell of Michigan. They each vouched for Daniel Coit Gilman to lead the new University and he became the university's first president.[27] Gilman, a Yale-educated scholar, had been serving as president of the University of California prior to this appointment.[27] In preparation for the university's founding, Gilman visited University of Freiburg and other German universities.


query: Is Prey 2 announced?

title: Prey 2

text: Prey 2 is a cancelled first-person shooter video game to be published by Bethesda Softworks and planned as a sequel to the 2006 video game Prey.

title: IL-2 Sturmovik: Birds of Prey

text: "Birds of Prey" has a new damage effects engine. Players can see real-time damage to the aircraft such as holes in the wings and trail lines during dog fights. "IL-2 Sturmovik: Birds of Prey" features hundreds of aircraft taking part in air battles. The environmental engine also produces high-detail, realistic landscapes that allow players to easily see ground support actions.

title: Hylobittacus apicalis

text: Some males have been shown to employ alternate tactics when it comes to prey capture and mating. Males may steal prey from another male instead of capturing it himself. This behavior seems to be partially dictated by the population density. If a male encounters another male with prey or a copulating pair with prey than he will attempt to steal it. However, if the male encounters a prey item before he encounters another male or copulating pair with prey then he will simply catch his own prey. This prey stealing is successful around 57% of the time. Males appear to have 2 ways of undergoing this stealing behavior. First, the stealing male simply flies up to the other male or the copulation pair and struggles to get the prey. Second, the stealing male will actually fly with force into the male or copulating pair which may act to increase their chances of prey stealing. Further, in one study 15% of the interrupted copulations the stealing male proceeded to mate with the female.

title: Prey 2

text: In June 2007, Miller co-founded a brand-management organization Radar Group, which was designed to help fledging development studios bring their games to publishers and distributors. Prey 2 was one of three titles that Radar Group announced it was backing in March 2008, along with Earth No More and Incarnate.[6] At this point, Prey 2 was described to be a narrative sequel to Prey. In the game, Tommy abandons Earth as he is accused of the disappearance of his family and his girlfriend. At this point in development, Prey 2 would have continued to be a first-person shooter using the portal/gravity-based gameplay as from the original game.[6]

title: Praey for the Gods

text: The game was originally named "Prey of the Gods" during its Kickstarter campaign, which No Matter Studios filed for trademark protection in May 2016; however ZeniMax Media, who owns the trademark to the "Prey" name in the video game sector, issued an objection to the "Prey of the Gods" mark, citing that it was too similar to their "Prey". No Matter Studios opted to abandon the trademark issue, not wanting to get into a legal battle with ZeniMax, and announced the change to "Praey for the Gods" in May 2017, just prior to the release of ZeniMax's "Prey".

title: Prey 2

text: In addition to reporting on the Prey property being transferred to Arkane in May 2015, the website Kotaku had some other incidents in which they had reported on projects from Bethesda through inside information well before they were to be announced publicly. As a result, Bethesda indefinitely blacklisted Kotaku in October 2015, denying the site any pre-release review copies or access to their spokesmen or developers at game conference events or via interview.[34][35] The 2017 Prey game includes an achievement "Press Sneak", based on reading all the emails within computer terminals in the game, based on this incident.[36]

title: Prey (2017 video game)

text: On 31 May 2013, Kotaku reported rumors that development had moved to Arkane Studios and that the development had been rebooted, scrapping all of Human Head Studios' work on Prey 2 with a targeted release of 2016.[14] After about a year of further rumors, Bethesda officially cancelled Prey 2, though as described below, Arkane had started working on a Prey game that would be considered a reboot rather than a sequel, using none of the Prey concepts and none of Human Head's previous development.[15]

title: Prey Invasion

text: Prey Invasion was first announced February 9, 2009 by IGN, the game was released in June 2009.

title: Prey 2

text: Issues regarding the development were not reported to the public at large, and due to a lack of direct information from either Bethesda or Human Head, many considered Prey 2 to have entered development hell and creating speculation at its fate.[16] In March 2012, rumors of Prey 2's cancellation began to circle; neither ZeniMax or Bethesda commented on this rumor.[17][18][19] Instead, in the following month, they stated the game was would be delayed, and fail to make the 2012 release, though no new release window was given. Bethesda stated "the game's development [had] not progressed satisfactorily", and "the game [did] not currently meet [their] quality standards".[20] Further concerns were raised when Bethesda removed Prey 2 from their website in August 2012, stating to Eurogamer that for the present they need to focus the site on upcoming titles.[21]

title: Prey (2006 video game)

text: During its 2016 E3 press conference, Bethesda announced a "Prey" to be developed by Arkane Studios, for release in 2017 on Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. The new game is said to be a re-imagining of the "Prey" intellectual property rather than a sequel or remake.

title: Bird of Prey (TV serial)

text:
The series starred Richard Griffiths and Carole Nimmons as Henry and Anne Jay: Henry is a humble civil servant who finds that he and his wife are drawn into a conspiracy involving the mysterious Le Pouvoir organisation. A sequel, "Bird of Prey 2" followed in 1984.
"Bird of Prey" made heavy use of outdoor locations around the Docklands and City Of London while "Bird of Prey 2" included the newly built Blackfriars in London and Silbury Boulevard in Milton Keynes.

title: Prey (2006 video game)

text: Shortly after the game's release, 3D Realms' Scott Miller confirmed that a sequel named "Prey 2" was in development. On March 17, 2008, Miller's brand-management group Radar Group was launched, along with the announcement that it was managing "Prey 2", slated for release for PC and Xbox 360. The game was being developed in cooperation with Human Head Studios.

title: Prey 2

text: The first Prey game was released in July 2006; it had been developed by Human Head Studios, under contract with 3D Realms, and published by 2K Games. The game was considered successful; it had received Metacritic aggregate scores of 83 and 79 for the Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows versions, respectively,[3] and by October 2006, over one million units had been sold according to 3D Realms' Scott Miller.[4] Miller announced as early as August 2006 that development on a sequel, Prey 2, had started.[5]

title: Mantracker

text: The Prey is given a head start, usually about 2 kilometres, although in more rugged terrain that distance may be greater. The chase is started by a flare gun fired from the Prey's position. The Prey head towards the finish, using the terrain to hide their location. The Mantracker and his Sidekick ride to where they believe the Prey began an attempt to determine the direction in which they are headed.

title: Dietary biology of the Eurasian eagle-owl

text: A very large balance of the prey range can also be comprised by birds and other prey including reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects and other invertebrates are seemingly taken whenever they are available. All told, well more than 600 different species have been identified as prey of Eurasian eagle-owls.[2][17][18] Their diet includes basically all the same prey as all sympatric diurnal raptors in the genera Buteo, Aquila and Haliaeetus. The total number of prey species may even surpass that of the great horned owl and may well be the greatest of any raptorial bird on the Eurasian continent.[2] Among five segments of Europe the average prey diversity per region was 63 species, a higher number than any of the other 40 raptorial bird species studied there.[19] The mean mass of prey per study has varied from as little as 84.2g (2.97oz), near the now former Aral Sea in Turkmenistan with the Turkmen jerboa (Jaculus turkmenicus) being the primary prey species, to 1,037.9g (2.288lb), in Spain with the European rabbit being the primary prey species.[17][20] Remarkably, in northern Spain, where the rabbit is now extirpated (as was the eagle-owl for a time in the 20th century), the average weight of prey can dip as low as 87g (3.1oz).[21] In comparison, the lightest mean prey mass in dietary studies of the great horned owl was 22.5g (0.79oz) while the highest was 610.4g (1.346lb).[17][22]

title: Prey switching

text: where "N1" and "N2" are the abundance of prey types 1 and 2 in the environment and "P1" and "P2" are the abundances of the same prey types in the predator's diet. "c" is the preference for prey type 1. If the value of "c" increases over time with "N1/N2", prey switching is presumed to occur. The opposite of prey switching is when a predator eats disproportionately more of the most rare prey than would be expected by chance. From the equation above this would occur when "c" (preference) decreases over time as "N1"/"N2" (amount in the environment) increases. This opposite phenomenon has been called negative prey switching, or anti-apostatic selection when it refers to the choice between different morphs. Negative prey switching may occur when the more plentiful prey is harder to hunt or riskier.

title: Bird of Prey (TV serial)

text: "Bird of Prey" and "Bird of Prey 2" were released together on DVD x 2, BBC 2 Entertain, CCTV30316 (Region 2 + 4 colour PAL, UK) in 2006.

title: Prey 2

text: Bethesda re-announced Prey 2 in March 2011 for a planned 2012 release. Human Head Studios would continue to be the developer of this game. The announced game had several major changes from what had been described before while it was under development at 3D Realms/Radar Group, including the game in gameplay style as an open world game, and the shift of narrative from Tommy to Killian. Though the team had access to the newer id Tech 5 engine, they had been working since 2009 on a modified id Tech 4 engine that they opted to retain that engine.[9][10] Project lead Chris Rhinehart said "Prey 2 will provide gamers the opportunity to explore a new facet of the Prey universe, one that offers fast-paced action in an open, alien world. We're excited to show gamers the title we have been working on and hope they will be as excited by this title as we are."[11] According to Pete Hines, the vice president of public relations and marketing at Bethesda, the current version of the game is what the developers wanted to make and not what has been announced before by the Radar Group.[12] Human Head shared footage of their version of Prey 2 with the Strong National Museum of Play in March 2018.[13]

title: Pursuit predation

text: Dragonflies are skilled aerial pursuers; they have a 97% success rate for prey capture. This success rate is a consequence of the "decision" oon which prey to pursue, based on initial conditions. Observations of several species of perching dragonflies show more pursuit initiations at larger starting distances for larger size prey species than for much smaller prey. Further evidence points to a potential bias towards larger prey, due to more substantial metabolic rewards. This bias is in spite of the fact that larger prey are typically faster and choosing them results in less successful pursuits. Dragonflies high success rate for prey capture may also be due to their interception foraging method. Unlike classical pursuit, in which the predator aims for the current position of their prey, dragonflies predict the prey's direction of motion, as in parallel navigation. Perching dragonflies (Libellulidae family), have been observed "staking out" high density prey spots prior to pursuit. There are no noticeable distinctions in prey capture efficiency between males and females. Further, percher dragonflies are bound by their visual range. They are more likely to engage in pursuit when prey come within a subtended angle of around 1-2 degrees. Angles greater than this are outside of a dragonflies visual range.

title: Prey (2017 video game)

text: On 12 June 2016, Bethesda officially announced the Prey reboot at its E3 press conference. The game's development was led by Arkane Studios CEO and director Raphaël Colantonio and his team in Austin, Texas.[16] The new Prey is not a true sequel but instead "a re-imagining of the IP", according to Colantonio.[17] The teaser trailer shown during E3 2016 showed the game's protagonist in something like "a space horror version of Groundhog Day", according to CNet's Seamus Byrne.[18] Bethesda's vice president of marketing Pete Hines explained that the new game has no elements from the cancelled Prey 2 outside of the player facing against aliens.[19]

title: Prey 2

text: Bethesda announced at their press conference at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2016 in June that they would be publishing a reboot of Prey, also titled Prey to be developed by Arkane Studios. This game will not use any of the materials developed for Prey 2, outside of the IP and the franchise concepts. Arkane Studios CEO and director Raphaël Colantonio said that at the time of completing Dishonored, they sought to do a second project alongside Dishonored 2, one that was "in first-person, with depth and simulation and narration", and that they opted to use the Prey narrative as it matched these thematic concepts well, but otherwise greatly different in gameplay.[33] Hines added that when considering the core concept of the original 2006 Prey was about aliens chasing after the player-character, they felt the name worked well for the game that Arkane had pitched, and they did not have to be beholden to retain anything else about the original game.[29] This gave Arkane's team the freedom it needed to do to complete their game without needing to consider the franchise's past history.[16]

title: Cold Prey 2

text: Shout! Factory announced that "Cold Prey 2" will be released on DVD on 23 April 2013.

title: Prey (2006 video game)

text: "Prey" was officially announced in a press release by 2K Games on April 26, 2005. On April 28, 2006, a July 10 release date was announced (although 3D Realms claims that is not the formal release date since it did not come from them or Human Head). On May 19, 2006, 3D Realms announced that a demo of "Prey" would be released on June 22, 2006—the PC demo was released on this date, but the Xbox 360 demo was delayed until June 30. On June 28, it was announced that "Prey" had officially gone gold. A playable single and multiplayer demo of the game was released on June 22, 2006, for Microsoft Windows, and a downloadable Xbox 360 demo was released on the Xbox Live Marketplace on June 30, 2006.

title: Cold Prey 3

text: Cold Prey 3 () is a 2010 Norwegian slasher film, it is the prequel to the highly successful "Cold Prey" ("Fritt vilt"), and "Cold Prey 2" ("Fritt vilt II"). It is directed by Mikkel Brænne Sandemose and starred Nils Johnson in the leading role.

title: Prey (UK TV series)

text: Prey is a television crime thriller first broadcast on ITV, 28 April 2014 at 9pm. ITV first announced the new commission on their official Twitter account on 23 August 2013. A second series was announced in April 2015 and began airing on 9 December 2015.

title: Prey (2017 video game)

text: The success of the original Prey led to the announcement of a sequel Prey 2 in August 2006, with continued development by 3D Realms.[11] However, the project faced a number of issues, including the transfer of the intellectual property (IP) rights to Bethesda Softworks (under ZeniMax Media) sometime by 2011. In March 2011, Bethesda announced that Prey 2 would instead be developed by Human Head Studios using a modified id Tech 4 engine.[12][13]

title: Prey 2

text: According to Human Head's associate producer Matt Bisenius, all the previous work on the game up to its acquisition by ZeniMax/Bethesda was "bouncing ideas around" rather than any detailed development, believing 3D Realms/Radar Group had announced this sequel too early.[9] As they started more in-depth planning and development for the game, the team came to an idea of a bounty hunter, and decided to take the core ideas from Prey while providing a game with more activities for the player do, partially inspired by the then-recent release of Red Dead Redemption. Bisenius noted that "We didn't look at Prey 1 and pick out mistakes as much as look at it and pick out the core themes of Prey."[9]

title: Edwin G. Preis

text: Preis was a founder of Little League in Tensas Parish and a devotee, particularly of the sports programs, of the since defunct Newellton High School. During the 1960s, when Newellton was the runner-up at state in its division, Preis served as an announcer at the games.

title: Prey 2

text: Though Prey 2 was announced by 3D Realms in 2006, a few months after release of the first game, development work at Human Head Studios did not begin in earnest until 2009, after the rights for Prey had transferred from 3D Realms ultimately to ZeniMax Media, the parent company of Bethesda. Bethesda formally announced their title in early 2011, which revealed a change of the player's main character and of gameplay to a more open world game. Human Head quietly ceased development on the game in late 2011 for unstated reasons despite having progressed to a near alpha release state. Subsequently, several industrial rumors circulated that Prey 2 had been cancelled or changed developers, including evidence that Arkane Studios had taken over development. Bethesda formally cancelled the game in 2014, stating it was not meeting their expectations. Later in 2016, Bethesda announced that a reboot of the franchise, Prey, was set for release in 2017 and was under development by Arkane, who had taken the concepts and thematic elements of Prey but scrapped any previous work that had been done by Human Head.

title: Prey (2017 video game)

text: On release, PCGamesN reported that the Windows version of Prey lacked those technical issues that has troubled Dishonored 2, and called the game "the best performing triple-A game" they had seen in several months.[42] Eurogamer's Digital Foundry also found the computer version of Prey to run exceedingly well across even low-end computers, in contrast to problems it saw for Dishonored 2 at release.[43]


query: What was the first third person shooter?

title: Third-person shooter

text: A third-person shooter is a game structured around shooting,[1] and in which the player can see the avatar on-screen in a third-person view.[1][2] Third-person shooter is a game where instead of seeing the games through the main character’s eyes, you see the main character moving and shooting in the game and the game is specifically focused on shooting.[3]

title: Third-person shooter

text: Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the player character is visible on-screen during gaming, and the gameplay consists primarily of shooting.

title: First-person shooter

text: At the E3 game show in 1999, Bungie unveiled a real-time strategy game called ""; at the following E3, an overhauled third-person shooter version was displayed. In 2000, Bungie was bought by Microsoft. "Halo" was then revamped and released as a first-person shooter; it was one of the launch titles for the Xbox console. It was a runaway critical and commercial success, and is considered a premier console first-person shooter. It featured narrative and storyline reminiscent of Bungie's earlier Marathon series but now told largely through in-game dialog and cut scenes. It also received acclaim for its characters, both the protagonist, Master Chief and its alien antagonists. The sequel, "Halo 2" (2004), brought the popularity of online-gaming to the console market through the medium of Xbox Live, on which it was the most played game for almost two years.

title: Video game genre

text: Descriptive names of genres take into account the goals of the game, the protagonist and even the perspective offered to the player. For example, a first-person shooter is a game that is played from a first-person perspective and involves the practice of shooting. The term "subgenre" may be used to refer to a category within a genre to further specify the genre of the game under discussion. Whereas "shooter game" is a genre name, "first-person shooter" and "third-person shooter" are common subgenres of the shooter genre. Other examples of such prefixes are real-time, turn based, top-down and side-scrolling.

title: The 3rd Birthday

text: The final version of the game was co-developed by Square Enix and HexaDrive, a company created by former Capcom staff members. As the new form of "The 3rd Birthday" had transformed into a third-person shooter, Square Enix wanted staff members with experience at developing such games, and then-company CEO Yoichi Wada recommended HexaDrive to Tabata. As multiple HexaDrive staff members had also worked on fellow shooter "", Tabata agreed to the collaboration. While aiming for a high quality product, the team designed the game as if for the PlayStation 3 home console, then worked to fit it onto the PSP. During development, the team sought creative help from the team developing "Final Fantasy XIII" for the visual design. The team had previously experimented with shooters with "", but this time they wanted to create something closer to a third-person shooter. The team was assembled by Tabata based on their development experience with action games. While working inside the control and hardware limitations of the title, the team created firearms and the lock-on mechanic as the fundamental attack action, instead of the free-roaming style of a standard third-person shooter. While designing levels to function with the game's Overdive system, the team considered what the level would hold, how often players would utilize the function, the difficulty of levels, and the positioning and strength of enemies. During development, a questionnaire was circulated around company staff concerning the character Aya, to find out which of the planned features was popular. One of those that survived in the final game was Aya's clothes being damaged when she was hit by an enemy, which was used to emphasize her sexuality. Nomura was among the first to suggest this feature originally.

title: Third-person shooter

text: The boundaries between third-person and first-person shooters are not always clear. For example, many third-person shooters allow the player to use a first-person viewpoint for challenges that require precise aiming.[5] The first-person shooter Halo: Combat Evolved was actually designed as a third-person shooter, but added a first-person perspective to improve the interface for aiming and shooting.[13] The game switches to a third-person viewpoint when the avatar is piloting a vehicle,[5] and this combination of first-person for aiming and third-person for driving has since been used in other games.[14] Metroid Prime is another first-person shooter that switches to a third-person perspective when rolling around the environment using the morph ball.[15] Alexander R. Galloway writes that the "real-time, over-the-shoulder tracking shots of Gus Van Sant's Elephant evoke third-person shooter games like Max Payne, a close cousin of the FPS".[16]

title: Third-person shooter

text: Third-person shooters sometimes compensate for their distinct perspective by designing larger, more spacious environments than first-person shooters.[12]

title: Third-person shooter

text: 2D third-person shooters have existed since the earliest days of video games,[17] dating back to Spacewar! (1962);[17] third-person perspective shooting is also featured in its clones, Galaxy Game (1971) and Computer Space (1971).[18] Arcade shooters with a 3D third-person perspective include Nintendo's Radar Scope (1979),[19] Atari's Tempest (1981),[20] Nihon Bussan's Tube Panic (1983),[21] Sega's Space Harrier (1985),[22] Atari's Xybots (1987),[23] and Square's 3-D WorldRunner (1987).[24] and JJ (1987)[25] Third-person shooters for home computers include Dan Gorlin's Airheart (1986)[26] and Paul Norman's Beyond Forbidden Forest (1986).[27]

title: Tactical shooter

text: A tactical shooter is a subgenre of shooter game that covers both first-person shooters and third-person shooters genres. These games simulate realistic combat, thus making tactics and caution more important than quick reflexes in other action games. Tactical shooters involving military combat are sometimes known as "soldier sims".

title: Action role-playing game

text: More recent shooter-based RPGs include Imageepoch's post-apocapytic "Black Rock Shooter" (2011)"," which employs both first-person and third-person shooter elements, and Square Enix's "Final Fantasy XV" (2016)"," which features both hack and slash and third-person shooter elements.

title: Cover system

text: In 2005, "CT Special Forces: Fire for Effect" featured a cover system inspired by "Kill Switch". "", released in 2007, also began development that year, and took inspiration from "Kill Switch" for its cover system. In 2006, several shooters featured "Kill Switch"-inspired cover systems, including Rogue Trooper, a third-person shooter released in May based on the eponymous comic book series by 2000 AD, "", a first person shooter released in November that switched to a third-person over-the-shoulder view when initiating cover, and "", a third-person action game released in October. Other third-person shooters to feature a cover system that same year include "", released in April, and "".

title: First-person shooter

text: First-person shooters are a type of three-dimensional shooter game, featuring a first-person point of view with which the player sees the action through the eyes of the player character. They are unlike third-person shooters, in which the player can see (usually from behind) the character they are controlling. The primary design element is combat, mainly involving firearms.

title: Third-person shooter

text: Part of a series onAction games Subgenres Action-adventure game Action role-playing game Open world Stealth game Survival game Survival horror Battle royale Beat 'em up Fighting game Platform game Platform-adventure game Metroidvania Shooter game First-person shooter Third-person shooter Hero shooter Light gun shooter Role-playing shooter Shoot 'em up Tactical shooter Rhythm game Topics Capture the flag Cover system First-person shooter engine Free look Quick time event WASD keys Lists List of beat 'em ups List of fighting game companies List of fighting games List of first-person shooters List of freeware first-person shooters List of third-person shooters List of Shoot 'em up game companies List of survival games List of gun games List of maze video games List of platform gamesvt

title: Third-person shooter

text: List of third-person shooters Shooter game

title: Cover system

text: After the video game cover system was popularized, several recent games have attempted to alter or further revolutionize the cover system in a unique way. One such game is the first-person shooter "Killzone 2", which utilized a complete cover system that was used in the first-person perspective the entire time. Other first-person shooters like the have traditionally changed to a third-person view when taking cover. A similar first-person cover approach was used by Rockstar Games in the eighth-generation release of "Grand Theft Auto V", with an option to switch to a traditional third-person cover view when necessary as with "Rainbow Six: Vegas".

title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Zapper is a gun-shaped shell accessory for the Wii Remote. As shown in the image, the shell holds both the Wii Remote and Nunchuk, and contains a trigger that actuates the Wii Remote's B button; all other buttons are still accessible while the remote and Nunchuk are in the shell. The name is a reference to the NES Zapper light gun for the Nintendo Entertainment System. According to an interview with Shigeru Miyamoto, the idea of a Zapper-type expansion formed when the Wii Remote was first created. He expressed that "What we found is that the reason we wanted to have a Zapper is when you hold a Wii Remote, it can be difficult for some people to keep a steady hand. And holding your arm out like that can get your arm somewhat tired." The Zapper is useful for most games primarily involving firearms, such as light gun shooters, first-person shooters, and third-person shooters.

title: Wii Zapper

text: The Wii Zapper is a gun shell peripheral for the Wii Remote. The name is a reference to the NES Zapper light gun for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It is mainly used for shooter games, including light gun shooters, first-person shooters, and third-person shooters.

title: Kill Switch (video game)

text: The most distinguishing characteristic of "Kill Switch" is its cover system, a mechanic that has the player character taking cover behind objects and around corners in a manner similar to Namco's own "Time Crisis" series of light gun shooters as well as Koei's third-person shooter "WinBack" and Hideo Kojima's stealth game "". However, "Kill Switch" was the first third-person shooter to feature the cover system as its core game mechanic, though Gears of War would popularize it.

title: List of video game genres

text: Shooters, aside from subgenre classifications, can be further classified by their perspective of play. First-person shooters are played within the protagonist's perspective; they often include a heads-up display displaying key information such as the current health of the protagonist. In third-person shooters, the protagonist's body can be seen fully; the environment is rendered from a distance. Some shooters incorporate both perspectives.

title: Action game

text: Shooter games allow the player to take action at a distance using a ranged weapon, challenging them to aim with accuracy. Although shooting is usually a form of violence, non-violent shooters exist as well, such as Splatoon. This subgenre includes first-person shooters and third-person shooters, as well as a plethora of other shoot 'em up games taking place from a top-down or side-view perspective.

title: Third-person shooter

text: These games are closely related to first-person shooters,[4] which also tie the perspective of the player to an avatar,[5] but the two genres are distinct.[6] While the first-person perspective allows players to aim and shoot without their avatar blocking their view,[5] the third-person shooter shows the protagonist from an "over the shoulder shot" or "behind the back" perspective.[4][7] Thus, the third-person perspective allows the game designer to create a more strongly characterized avatar[5] and directs the player's attention as in watching a film. In contrast, a first-person perspective provides the player with greater immersion into the game universe.[8]

title: Shooter game

text: Third-person shooters are characterized by a third-person camera view that fully displays the player character in his/her surroundings. Notable examples of the genre include the "Tomb Raider" series, "Syphon Filter", "Max Payne", "SOCOM", "", "Resident Evil 4", "Gears of War", "Splatoon", and "Fortnite". Third person shooter mechanics are often incorporated into open-world adventure and sandbox games, including the "Elder Scrolls" series and the "Grand Theft Auto" franchise.

title: Halo: Combat Evolved

text: Bungie began development of what would eventually become "Halo" in 1997. Initially, the game was a real-time strategy game that morphed into a third-person shooter before becoming a first-person shooter. During development, Microsoft acquired the studio and turned the game into a launch title for its unproven new video game console, the Xbox.

title: MDK (video game)

text: At the time, the shooter game market was dominated by first-person shooters, most of which worked off the template set by "Doom" and "Quake". However, the developers were never interested in making a first-person shooter. Bruty was particularly passionate about this aspect of the game, arguing "I feel the player is more involved in the world when they can see their own character." Williams agrees; "We wanted the player to see all the cool actions the main character would be performing, so third-person was the natural choice and challenge we went for."

title: Third-person shooter

text: Konami's run & gun shooter Contra (1987) featured several third-person shooter levels where the player trudges through indoor enemy bases.[28] Konami's Devastators (1988)[29] is a third-person shooter[30] where, rather than moving forward automatically, the player walks forward by holding the Up direction, as the background slowly scales toward the screen. Devastators also featured various obstacles that could be used to take cover from enemy fire,[29] as well as two-player cooperative gameplay.[31] A similar shooter released that same year was Cabal (1988),[32] which inspired many of its own "Cabal clones," such as NAM-1975 (1990) and Wild Guns (1994).[33] Kurt Kalata of Hardcore Gaming 101 cites Sega's Last Survivor (1988), released for arcades and then ported to the FM Towns and FM Towns Marty, featuring eight-player deathmatch. He notes that it has a perspective and split-screen similar to Xybots, but with entirely different gameplay and controls.[34] In 1993, Namco released a two-player competitive 3D third-person shooter vehicle combat game, Cyber Sled.[35] A year later, Elite Systems Ltd. released Virtuoso on the 3DO. This was an early example of a home console third-person shooter which featured a human protagonist on-foot, as opposed to controlling a vehicle, and made use of polygonal 3D graphics along with sprites in a 3D environment.[36] Fade to Black (1995) was also a fully 3D third-person shooter released around this time, but as well as featuring an on-foot protagonist rather than a vehicle, utilised entirely polygonal 3D graphics.[37]

title: Third-person shooter

text: Tomb Raider (1996) by Eidos Interactive (now Square Enix Europe) is claimed by some commentators as a third-person shooter,[2][4][38][39][40] and Jonathan S. Harbour of the University of Advancing Technology argues that it's "largely responsible for the popularity of this genre".[4] Other commentators have considered it influential on later third person shooters such as BloodRayne (2002),[38] The Contra Adventure (1998),[41] MDK (1997),[42] Duke Nukem: Time To Kill (1998),[43] Burning Rangers (1998),[44] and Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K. 2 (2000).[40] The game eschewed the popular first person perspective of games such as Doom, instead making use of "third person" viewpoints, wide 3D environments and a control system inspired by Prince of Persia.[7][45] Mega Man Legends (1997) by Capcom is another early 3D third person shooter which took a different approach to the genre, mixing this with a role-playing game influence. Around the same time, Deathtrap Dungeon (1998) by Eidos Interactive and MediEvil (1998) by SCE Cambridge Studio (then Millennium Interactive) were some of the first 3D games in the genre to include third person shooter influences in a fantasy setting, with fictional or alternative weapons achieving the same effect as a gun for the player. Die Hard Trilogy (1998) by Fox Interactive was met with critical acclaim at the time of its release,[46][47] and the section of the game based around the first Die Hard film in the trilogy was another early take on a 3D third person shooter.

title: First-person shooter

text: 1998's "Half-Life"—along with its 2004 sequel "Half-Life 2"—enhanced the narrative and puzzle elements. In 1999, the "Half-Life" mod "Counter-Strike" was released and, together with "Doom", is perhaps one of the most influential first-person shooters. "GoldenEye 007", released in 1997, was a landmark first-person shooter for home consoles, while the "Halo" series heightened the console's commercial and critical appeal as a platform for first-person shooter titles. In the 21st century, the first-person shooter is the most commercially viable video game genre, and in 2016, shooters accounted for over 27% of all video game sales. Several first-person shooters have been popular games for eSports and competitive gaming competitions as well.

title: First-person shooter

text: First person-shooter games are also often categorized as being distinct from light gun shooters, a similar genre with a first-person perspective which use light gun peripherals, in contrast to first-person shooters which use conventional input devices for movement. Another difference is that first-person light-gun shooters like "Virtua Cop" often feature "on-rails" (scripted) movement, whereas first-person shooters like "Doom" give the player more freedom to roam.

title: Red Faction

text: The series has had three unique styles of gameplay. The first is a traditional first-person shooter element which was used by the first two games in the series, while the second is a third person style of open world gameplay which was used in "Red Faction: Guerrilla", and a third person style of corridor shooter used in "Red Faction: Armageddon". Both styles share a common element, the series' unique environmental destruction features. This was enhanced in "Red Faction: Guerrilla" when it was applied to every building in the game making the game's entire environment (except for the terrain itself) destructible.

title: Third-person shooter

text: A 3D game type that has grown to prominence in recent years, especially on consoles. It combines the shooting elements of the first-person shooter with the jumping and climbing puzzles of a 3D platformer and a simple melee fighting system from a brawler. Third-person shooter games almost always incorporate an aim-assist feature, since aiming from a third-person camera is difficult. Most also have a first-person view, which allows precise shooting and looking around at environment features that are otherwise hidden from the default camera. In most cases, the player must stand still to use first-person view, but newer titles allow the player to play like a FPS; indeed, Oddworld: Stranger's Wrath requires the player to shoot from first person, only allowing melee attacks in the chase camera views.


query: When did Slovakia separate from the Czech Republic?

title: Dissolution of Czechoslovakia

text: The Dissolution of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Rozdělení Československa, Slovak: Rozdelenie Česko-Slovenska), which took effect on 1 January 1993, was an event that saw the self-determined split of the federal state of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, entities that had arisen before as the Czech Socialist Republic and the Slovak Socialist Republic in 1969 within the framework of a federal republic.

text: UniCredit Bank Czech Republic and Slovakia a.s., is a Czech and Slovak bank based in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. The bank was a subsidiary of Italy-based UniCredit Group for 99.96% stake.

title: Czech Republic–Slovakia relations

text:
Before 1918, both countries were part of Austria–Hungary. However, after the Ausgleich of 1867 Czechia belonged to the Austrian Empire while Slovakia belonged to the administratively separate Kingdom of Hungary, and between 1918 and December 31, 1992, both countries were part of Czechoslovakia.
Both countries established diplomatic relations on January 1, 1993. These international relations are usually referred to or described as "very good", "cordial", and "above standard" in the media. When a Czech or Slovak president is inaugurated, very often his first international visit is to the former part of the common country. The same custom applies to newly elected prime ministers of the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

title: Screen City Biennial

text: Artists 2015: Harun Farocki (Germany) / Antje Ehmann (Germany) / Katharina Gruzei (Austria) / Rosa Barba (Italy) / Beathe C Rønning (Norway) / Matěj Al Ali (Czech Republic) / Tomáš Moravec (Czech Republic) / Dan Gregor (Czech Republic) / Michal Pustějovský (Czech Republic/United Kingdom) / Pjoni (Slovakia) / Ján Šicko (Slovakia) / Nils Henrik Asheim (Norway) / Knut Åsdam (Norway) / Martin Blažíček (Czech Republic) / Greg Pope (United Kingdom) / Veronika Vlková (Czech Republic) / Kateřina Koutná (Czech Republic) / Ane Hjort Guttu (Norway) / AniScreen (Czech Republic).

title: Origins of Czechoslovakia

text: Both Czechs and Slovaks struggled against a powerful neighbouring people; Germans in the case of the Czechs, Hungarians in the case of the Slovaks (see History of the Czech Republic and History of Slovakia). Contacts between the Czechs and Slovaks arose in the late fourteenth century, when Slovaks started to study at the University of Prague; in the fifteenth century, with the campaigns of the Czech Hussite armies to Slovakia; and in the seventeenth century, when Czech Protestants fled to Slovakia. Between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, some educated Slovaks used written Czech as well as Slovak and Latin (see History of the Slovak language). The Czechs and Slovaks were also formally united in 1436–1439, 1453–1457, and 1490–1918, when Hungary (which included Slovakia), Bohemia and other Central European states were ruled by the same kings.

title: O2 Czech Republic

text: The company was initially known as SPT Telecom ("Státní telekomunikační podnik", state-owned telecommunications company), and used to have a monopoly for providing fixed-line services. It was reorganized and renamed Český Telecom (Czech Telecom), after the Velvet Divorce saw Czechoslovakia separate into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993.

title: Slovakia during World War II

text: The desire for autonomy was one of the great issues of Slovaks in Czechoslovakia. Josef Tiso and nationalists of the Slovak People's Party pushed for Slovak independence and aligned themselves with the National Socialist Party in Germany. On March 13, 1939 Hitler invited Tiso to Berlin. Hitler would support him if he separated Slovakia from Czechoslovakia or the Slovakia territory will be divided under Hungary, Czech Republic and Poland. On March 14, 1939 Slovakia declared independence, calling itself the Slovak Republic. German troops soon occupied Bohemia and Moravia.

title: Czechoslovakism

text: Though there was no mention of autonomy, in 1948 Slovakia was granted its own legislative and executive bodies; no such bodies were introduced for Czechia or Moravia. The new constitution of 1960 did away with local Slovak executive; some of its duties were transferred to the Slovak legislative and some to central state agencies. One more change followed in 1968, when a massive constitutional amendment converted the country into a federation, composed of parallel and equal Czech and Slovak socialist republics. In common state bodies Slovakia was overrepresented when compared to its share of the population: in the bi-cameral Federal Assembly the lower house was composed of 134 deputies elected in the Czech Republic and 66 deputies elected in the Slovak one; the upper house was composed of 75 deputies from each republic. Two republics had own legislative and executive bodies, including the prime minister. Since the mid-1980s another constitutional change was considered; it would consist of introducing separate constitutions for Czech and Slovak republics, apart from the existing Czechoslovak one. Half-hearted works on such “trilateral” structure proceeded grudgingly and were not completed until the fall of Communism in Czechoslovakia.

title: Czechoslovakia

text: Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (; Czech and , "Česko-Slovensko"), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the :Czech Republic and :Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

title: Czech Republic–Slovakia relations

text: Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. There are around 200,000 people of Slovak descent living in the Czech Republic and around 46,000 people of Czech descent living in Slovakia. Gustáv Slamečka, a Slovak citizen, was a Minister of Transportation of the Czech Republic from 2009 to 2010 and in his office he exclusively used the Slovak language.

title: 1996 Summer Olympics medal table

text: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Czech Republic, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan were represented for the first time at a Summer Games. Czech Republic and Slovakia had competed previously as Czechoslovakia, and the other nations were formerly part of Soviet Union. Of these, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan did not receive any medals.

title: Constitution of the Czech Republic

text: On 5 and 6 June 1992, elections were held for the Federal Assembly of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (parliament), the Czech National Council, and the Slovak National Council. In the Czech Republic, the Civic Democratic Party won the election; in its electoral programme, the party spoke of either a functional federation, or separation, although keeping the federation was the preferred option. In Slovak Republic, the winner was the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia, whose election promise was to acquire international legal subjectivity for Slovakia – although this was clearly inconsistent with the continuation of the shared state, the party convinced voters that it did not rule out the existence of the federation.

title: Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church

text: After the Czech and Slovak Republics separated into independent republics in 1993, church activity continued in each country as separate legal entities: in the Czech Republic as the Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands and in the Slovak Republic as the Orthodox Church in Slovakia, but canonical unity was maintained as the Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia. The church is now organized into four eparchies divided into two administrative centers: the Metropolitan Council for the Czech Republic resident in Prague and the Metropolitan Council for the Slovak Republic in Prešov. Under the Council of the Czech Lands (Prague) are the eparchies of Prague and Olomouc-Brno, while the eparchies of Prešov and Michalovce are under the Council of Slovakia (Prešov).

title: Apostolic Church (Czech Republic)

text: Pentecostalism came in 1910 to the present Czech and Slovak lands, and spread to Brno, Prague and other places and was registered as "The Union of Resolved Pentecostal Christians". The church passed through many difficulties under the Nazi occupation and during the Communist regime, when 1948 it was abolished. Only in 1977 the Pentecostals could set up an organisation and the Apostolic Church was founded on Czechoslovakia. After the separation of Slovakia the church was officially legalized in 1989 by the Czech Republic government. Today, the Apostolic Church keeps close fellowship with the Apostolic Church (Slovakia) and both maintain a Bible school in Kolín, close to Prague.

title: List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Czech Republic

text: This list includes British ambassadors to Czechoslovakia, which divided into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993.a. David Brighty continued as both ambassador to the Czech Republic, and as non-resident ambassador to Slovakia after the 1993 Dissolution of Czechoslovakia, until 1994, when he left the post and was replaced by Sir Michael Burton as ambassador to the Czech Republic and by Michael Bates as ambassador to Slovakia.

title: Time in the Czech Republic

text: Time in the Czech Republic is Central European Time (Středoevropský čas, SEČ: ) and Central European Summer Time (Středoevropský letní čas, SELČ: ). Daylight saving time is observed from the last Sunday in March (2:00 CET) to the last Sunday in October (3:00 CEST). The Czech Republic has observed Central European Time since 1979. Until 1993 when Czechoslovakia was separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, they also had Central European Time and Central European Summer Time. After the summer months, time in the Czech Republic is shifted back by one hour to Central European Time. Like most states in Europe, Summer time (daylight saving time) is observed in the Czech Republic, when time is shifted forward by one hour, two hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

title: Beer in the Czech Republic

text: Forty percent of beer in the Czech Republic is exported to Germany, Slovakia, Sweden, England, and Russia. Additionally, Czech exports to China doubled from 2014 to 2015, and 0.65 of 3.65 million hectoliters of beer was exported to China.  In 2015, Slovakia imported 1,108 thousand hectoliters of beer and Germany imported 900 thousand hectoliters. There has been a steady decrease in beer consumption within the Czech Republic, but breweries have noted an increase in their production due to rising international interest in Czech beer.

title: Jeux Sans Frontières

text: Czechoslovakia participated in 1992 with Czech teams only. There was no Slovak participation in JSF that year. In 1993, the Czech Republic entered the show as a separate country but Slovakia did not.

title: Slovakia

text: The Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic went their separate ways after 1 January 1993, an event sometimes called the Velvet Divorce.[60][61] Slovakia has remained a close partner with the Czech Republic. Both countries co-operate with Hungary and Poland in the Visegrád Group. Slovakia became a member of NATO on 29 March 2004 and of the European Union on 1 May 2004. On 1 January 2009, Slovakia adopted the Euro as its national currency.

title: Czech Republic–Slovakia relations

text: Czech Republic–Slovakia relations are foreign relations between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic.

title: Saab JAS 39 Gripen

text: On 30 August 2014, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Sweden signed a letter of intent agreeing to co-operate on using the Gripen, which might lead to acquisition of the aircraft by the Slovak Air Force. The letter of intent laid the foundation for bilateral co-operation around a common airspace surveillance of Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Slovakia was looking to replace its MiG-29 fighters and the Gripen has been reported as the aircraft of choice, although the requirement would go to open competition. They may seek to lease fighters rather than buy, as did neighbouring Hungary and the Czech Republic.

text: UniCredit Bank Czech Republic and Slovakia a.s. was founded on 1 December 2013 by UniCredit Bank Czech Republic a.s. absorbed Slovak sister company UniCredit Bank Slovakia a.s.. UniCredit Bank Czech Republic itself was founded on 1 October 2006 by the merger of HVB Bank Czech Republic a.s. and Živnostenská banka a.s..

title: Flag of Bohemia

text: In 1990, the Bohemian flag was adopted as the official flag of the Czech Republic, then part of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (ČSFR, 1990–1992). The flag was adopted in reaction to the adoption of separate Slovak symbols. However, the Czech flag was used much less than the wider flag of Czechoslovakia, whereas the flag of Slovakia (then without coat of arms and thus identical to flag of the World War II Slovak Republic) was widely used in Slovakia. This difference mirrored prevailing separatist tendencies in the Slovak Republic and federalist tendencies in the Czech Republic. Another problem, again, was the Bohemian flag's similarity to the flag of neighbouring Poland, because the only difference was the proportion 2:3 (Polish flag is 5:8). For these reasons, Czech politicians decided to preserve the flag of Czechoslovakia as the symbol of the state with which most of Czech society was identified.

title: Ice Hockey World Championships

text:
Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in January 1993. The IIHF recognized the Czech Republic's team as the successor to Czechoslovakia and it retained its position in the top division. Slovakia's team began in the lowest division (Pool C) in 1994 and was forced to work its way up. Following this, the next decade was dominated by the so-called "Big Six"–Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. From 1992 to 1996, five different teams won the World Championship. At the 1993 World Championships, Russia won its first title as an independent nation and the Czech Republic won its first medal (bronze). In 1994, the Canadian team finished the preliminary round undefeated and defeated Finland in the final to win their first World Championship since 1961. The following year in Sweden, the Finnish team won its first ever World Championship. Led by their top line of Saku Koivu, Ville Peltonen and Jere Lehtinen, the Finns defeated rival Sweden in the gold medal game. At the 1995 Pool B championships, Slovakia, led by Peter Šťastný won Pool B and was promoted to the top division, where it has remained ever since. In 1996, the Czech Republic won its first World Championship as a separate country. During this period, the United States was the only one of the "Big Six" not to win the World Championship, although they did win the 1996 World Cup of Hockey and their bronze at that year's World Championship was their first medal since 1962.
In the mid-1990s, several new teams such as Slovakia, Latvia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine were quickly improving and older nations such as Austria, France, Italy, Norway and Switzerland were at risk of being relegated to Pool B. The IIHF feared that it would lose advertising revenue if that happened, so the number of teams was increased to 16 starting in 1998.

title: Czechoslovak Socialist Republic

text: The official name of the country was the "Czechoslovak Socialist Republic". Conventional wisdom suggested that it would be known as simply the "Czechoslovak Republic"—its official name from 1920-1938 and from 1945-1960. However, Slovak politicians felt this diminished Slovakia's equal stature, and demanded that the country's name be spelled with a hyphen (i.e. "Czecho-Slovak Republic"), as it was spelled from Czechoslovak independence in 1918 until 1920, and again in 1938 and 1939. President Havel then changed his proposal to "Republic of Czecho-Slovakia"—a proposal that did not sit well with Czech politicians who saw reminders of the 1938 Munich Agreement, in which NaziGermany annexed a part of that territory. The name also means "Land of the Czechs and Slovaks" while Latinised from the country's original name"the Czechoslovak Nation"upon independence in 1918, from the Czech endonym "Češi"via its Polish orthography

title: Cinema of Slovakia

text: Given that in the periods from the invention of film in 1896 to 1938 and from 1945 to 1992 Slovakia did not exist as an independent country, there has been some controversy over the naming of certain films as specifically either Slovak or Czech. Although the Czech and Slovak halves of Czechoslovakia each had separate languages, they were close enough for film talent to move freely between the two republics. As a result, during the Czechoslovak period — and even after it — a number of Slovak directors made Czech-language films in Prague, including Juraj Herz and Juraj Jakubisko.

text: The Czech Republic Individual Speedway Championship is a Motorcycle speedway championship held each year to determine the Czech Republic national champion. It was first staged in 1999, and was known as the Czechoslovakia Individual Speedway Championship until 2005, when the country then divided into the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Jiří Štancl is the most successful rider having won the title 500 times, including ten years in a row from 2000 to 2010.

title: 2010 FIBA World Championship for Women

text: The USA won its eighth title, extending its own record for the most wins in tournament history. The other medalists—the Czech Republic with silver and Spain with bronze—had not previously medaled at a World Championship. The Czechoslovakia women's team had won six medals in previous World Championships, but FIBA considers the Czech Republic and Slovakia to be separate teams from the former Czechoslovakia. The Czech Republic's Hana Horáková was chosen as the tournament’s most valuable player.

title: Canada men's national under-18 ice hockey team

text: In 1997, the National Men's Under-18 Team competed against Slovakia and the Czech Republic in a three-nation tournament in the Czech Republic. Canada captured gold and repeated their performance the following year in Slovakia against Belarus, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic.

title: Outline of the Czech Republic

text: The Czech Republic (also known as Czechia) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. On 1 January 1993, Czechoslovakia peacefully dissolved into its constituent states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic is bordered by Poland to the north, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east. Its capital and largest city, with 1.3 million inhabitants, is Prague. It is a pluralist multi-party parliamentary representative democracy, a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the Council of Europe, and the Visegrád Group.Geography of the Czech Republic

title: Czech and Slovak Federative Republic

text: After the fall of communism in 1989, Czechoslovakia adopted the official name Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (, ; ČSFR) during the period from 23 April 1990 until 31 December 1992, when the country was dissolved into the Czech Republic and Slovakia. This period is also referred to as the Fifth Czechoslovak Republic.


query: How did Heinz Steinitz die?

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Heinz Steinitz died suddenly from a stroke in April 28, 1971, while being fully active in all positions he held at that time.

title: Kate Steinitz

text: Steinitz collaborated with her friend, the artist Kurt Schwitters on several projects, including children's books, opera librettos, books, and festivals. Together with Theo van Doesburg, Schwitters and Steinitz produced several children's fairy-tale books that featured unusual typography, including "Hahnepeter" ("Peter the Rooster", 1924), "Die Märchen vom Paradies" ("The Fairy Tales of Paradise", 1924–25), and "Die Scheuche" ("The Scarecrow", 1925). For the publication of their work, the artists founded their own publishing house, which they called APOSS, an acronym that stood for "A=active; P=paradox; OS=oppose sentimentality; S=sensitive."

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Heinz Steinitz was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland) on April 26, 1909, to Walter Steinitz (1882-1963), a cardiologist and zoologist, and Marta Schindler Steinitz (1885-1926).[1] He grew up in Breslau and was greatly inspired by his father to study science and to be an active Zionist. He studied medicine from 1927-1933 in the universities of Breslau, Freiburg and Berlin.[2] Although he passed the Medical Board examination in 1933, and would have started work in a hospital in Berlin and in the Jewish hospital in Breslau, he was prohibited from practicing by the Nazi regime which came to power that same year.[3] Together with his wife Ruth Aber Steinitz (1907-1995), a medical student as well, he left Germany in 1933 and immigrated to Palestine.[1]

title: Steinitz's goby

text: Steinitz's goby ("Gammogobius steinitzi") is a species of goby. It is native to the Mediterranean Sea near Marseilles. Recently recorded in the Adriatic Sea in Croatia, Tyrrhenian Sea in Italy, and in the Black Sea in Ukraine. This species can be found in underwater grottoes in inshore waters at depths of from . It can reach a length of SL. The specific name honours the marine biologist and herpetologist Heinz Steinitz (1909-1971) of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

title: Chess

text:
Prague-born Wilhelm Steinitz beginning in 1873 described how to avoid weaknesses in one's own position and how to create and exploit such weaknesses in the opponent's position. The scientific approach and positional understanding of Steinitz revolutionized the game. Steinitz was the first to break a position down into its components. Before Steinitz, players brought their queen out early, did not completely their other pieces, and mounted a quick attack on the opposing king, which either succeeded or failed. The level of defense was poor and players did not form any deep plan. In addition to his theoretical achievements, Steinitz founded an important tradition: his triumph over the leading German master Johannes Zukertort in 1886 is regarded as the first official World Chess Championship. Steinitz lost his crown in 1894 to a much younger player, the German mathematician Emanuel Lasker, who maintained this title for 27 years, the longest tenure of all World Champions.
After the end of the 19th century, the number of master tournaments and matches held annually quickly grew. Some sources state that in 1914 the title of chess Grandmaster was first formally conferred by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia to Lasker, Capablanca, Alekhine, Tarrasch, and Marshall, but this is a disputed claim. The tradition of awarding such titles was continued by the World Chess Federation (FIDE), founded in 1924 in Paris. In 1927, the Women's World Chess Championship was established; the first to hold the title was Czech-English master Vera Menchik.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Jointly with Prof. Georg Haas and Dr. O. Hecht, he founded in 1936 the Zoological Society of Israel.[3]

title: Walter Steinitz

text: His three sons were born, grew up and studied in Germany before they emigrated to Palestine. He inspired them to study sciences: Ernst Steinitz (1907-1980), was an internist in the private sector; Heinz Steinitz (1909-1971) was a professor of zoology and marine biology in the Department of Zoology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; and Gideon Steinitz (1911-1975) was a mathematician in his academic education, became a meteorologist in Palestine and eventually was head of the Israel Meteorology Service.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: In 1965 Steinitz became member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, and of the Academy's committee publishing the Fauna of Israel.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Steinitz supervised masters and doctoral students, some of whom became senior scientists in fields of biology and environmental sciences in universities, research institutes, colleges and teacher colleges around the country. He believed in the importance of teaching and education at all levels, including preparing students to be school teachers. In this context, in the years 1957-1960 he was board member of the School of Education of the Hebrew University.[2]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Steinitz was appointed to a number of governmental forums and assigned to national tasks by different Ministries:

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: On a first study of the southeast Mediterranean Basin, published in 1947 jointly with Prof. Georg Haas, they observed fish of Indo-Pacific origin.[13] Later, Steinitz published dozens of papers on fish, the fauna and the ecology of the southeast Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. In 1967, together with Dr. William Aron from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC, Steinitz launched a joint program on the role of the Suez Canal as a waterway for the passage of marine species between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.[6]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Unable to get in 1933 a permit from the British administration in Palestine to practice as a physician, Heinz Steinitz turned to earn his living in an agricultural research station located in Rehovot (and later in Petah Tikva).[3] That work marked the moment he changed his path from medicine to zoology. His research on the control of citrus pests, under the supervision of Prof. F. S. Bodenheimer,[4] eventually became the experimental basis for his doctoral thesis. In 1938, Steinitz was the first to obtain a Ph.D. degree in zoology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and he took his place in the founders and pioneers of zoology in Israel.[3]

title: Omobranchus steinitzi

text: The species is named after the Israeli marine biologist Heinz Steinitz.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Doctor Walter Steinitz, father of Heinz Steinitz, published in 1919 his vision and proposal to establish a marine biology research station on the Mediterranean coast of Palestine.[21] The Hebrew University, and scholars in Palestine and in other countries, supported the plans of the project, but attempts to raise funds for it failed. Inspired by his father's vision, Heinz Steinitz resumed the effort to carry out the concept. However, he decided in the 1950s that the station would be better situated if it were built on the coast of the Red Sea, in the Gulf of Eilat (Gulf of Aqaba). He had three reasons for this preferred location: (a) Being by that time knowledgeable about the marine life in both the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, Heinz Steinitz recognized the higher richness and the notable biodiversity of the latter, which still remained widely uninvestigated. (b) First reports about the presence of fishes of Indo-Pacific origin in the eastern Mediterranean Sea began to appear in the beginning of the twentieth century. Indo-Pacific fishes were also observed along the coast of Palestine for the first time by Walter Steinitz.[22] The findings were indicative for intrusion of alien fishes into the eastern Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal that was constructed and opened only several decades prior to those first observations. Heinz Steinitz believed that a research base in the Golf of Eilat would be best placed to conduct investigations into the phenomenon of migration of marine biota from the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea (a northern branch of the Indian Ocean) through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean Sea. Furthermore, a marine station in the Gulf of Eilat would facilitate analysis of the environmental and ecological changes resulting from man-made connection between the two global water bodies. (c) Polluting spills from the cities of Eilat and Aqaba into the Gulf waters, and pollutants discharged by ships and oil tankers that traffic along the Red Sea and cross the Suez Canal, constituted environmental perils.[23] The marine research station staff in Eilat would be able to monitor impacts of anthropogenic activities on ecological processes and on the very sensitive marine ecosystems of the region.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: The fish species Tylognathus steinitziorum (discovered and named by Dr. Curt Kosswig in 1950, now called Hemigrammocapoeta nana) was dedicated to Walter Steinitz and his son Heinz Steinitz.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Heinz Steinitz was active in ex-university professional forums and organizations, some of them of national importance.

title: Walter Steinitz

text: As early as 1919 Steinitz published his vision to establish a marine biology research station on the coast of Palestine. He was convinced that a research station located in Palestine would be essential for researching and following changes occurring in the marine biota of the Levant. An exchange of letters on the topic with Prof. Albert Einstein during the period 1919-1937 represent Steinitz’s persistent efforts to raise funds and support for the endeavor. Soon after immigration to Palestine he submitted in 1933 to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem an elaborate proposal for the establishment in Tel Aviv of a biological marine station and aquarium for the study of the Mediterranean marine fauna and as a center for lectures and teaching courses. He received support from the biochemist and Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, and from Tel Aviv’s mayor Israel Rokach. As a result, the Aquarium and Marine Station Tel-Aviv Society Ltd was founded in 1936. Among the group’s founders were the mayor of Tel Aviv, Israel Rokach; Dr. Felix Danziger; Prof. Alfred Klopstock and other scholars. Albert Einstein was Honorary President and Walter Steinitz was the scientific director. The station was supposed to be built on land allocated by the Tel Aviv municipality, on the shore near the Yarkon estuary. The plan included construction of an aquarium, research rooms, a lecture hall and a library, all for the use of local researchers and guests from the international scientific community. The society’s agenda encompassed basic marine biology research of the eastern Mediterranean Sea, research to support fishing as a source of income, and exhibitions of marine animals to the public in the aquarium. The efforts to build the station in Tel Aviv were blocked when World War II broke out. Walter Steinitz made a final, brief and unsuccessful attempt to operate in 1939 a sea laboratory in Nahariya. His dream was ultimately fulfilled three decades later by his son Heinz Steinitz. A marine biology laboratory was inaugurated in 1968 on the coast of the Red Sea, in Eilat, the Gulf of Aqaba, and it is named The Heinz Steinitz Marine Biology Laboratory, in memory of its founder and first director. The laboratory became the basic element in the subsequent development of The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences near Eilat.

title: Walter Steinitz

text: The sea anemone "Cribrina steinitzi" Pax 1925 was named after Walter Steinitz, while the fish species "Tylognathus steinitziorum" Kosswig (synonym of "Hemigrammocapoeta nana" Heckel 1843, discovered and named by Dr. Curt Kosswig in 1950), was dedicated to Walter Steinitz and his son Heinz Steinitz.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: In his earliest expeditions, in 1938-1940, Steinitz explored the fauna of Lake Hula and its surrounding marshland. Immediately following the outbreak of the Suez Crisis of 1956, Steinitz organized and headed an expedition examining the marine fauna along the Red Sea coasts of the Sinai Peninsula and the Suez Canal. In 1962 he led the first Israeli South Red Sea Expedition (ISRSE) which was based on the islands of the Dahlak Archipelago of Eritrea.[18] The ISRSE was part of the first International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) from 1962-1965. It was an interdisciplinary marine sciences research effort to survey the south Red Sea and to collect biological specimens and data from the region. Otto Haim Oren from the Haifa Sea Fishery Research Station and Lev Fishelson from the Tel Aviv University, both at that time doctoral students of Steinitz, assisted in organizing the project. The expedition team included a crew of researchers from universities and research institutes in Israel, as well as scientists from the Netherlands, USA and Ethiopia.[18]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: The formative years of Steinitz's career took place under the difficult conditions prevailing in any budding university, compounded with the instability of the wars which accompanied the resurrection of the state of Israel. Steinitz pursued connections and collaborations with the international community of scientists in order to ensure that research in Israel met the highest standards—a goal of critical importance for himself, the university, and the country. Furthermore, he realized that connections with colleagues from foreign countries would diminish the limits and disadvantages inherent in working in a small local scientific community geographically removed from global science centers. The wide and branched connections he wove over many years with scientists worldwide helped him to form a sound basis for what was, at that time, the early days of marine biology, oceanography, and ichthyology in Israel.[20]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Three sons were born to Heinz Steinitz and Dr. Ruth Steinitz. Each turned to sciences: Raphael Steinitz, an astrophysicist, is a Professor Emeritus at the Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheba; Gideon Steinitz, a senior geologist, was the former Head of the Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem; and Benjamin Steinitz, a plant scientist retired as a senior research scientist in the fields of plant physiology and horticulture at the Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion.[1]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Heinz Steinitz (April 26, 1909 – April 28, 1971, Hebrew: היינץ שטייניץ) was a senior Israeli marine biologist and herpetologist, Professor and Chairman of the Department of zoology at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He laid the foundation for research and teaching in marine biology and oceanography in Israel. In 1968 he founded the Marine Biology Laboratory of the Hebrew University near Eilat, serving as its first director. He also served as a founding member of the Zoological Society of Israel and a co-founder of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: The national and international reputation of Heinz Steinitz is reflected by names in his honor given to more than twenty newly discovered fishes, marine organisms and amphibians, listed in the Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names.[27] Some names were given years after he passed away.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Steinitz received support and collaboration for his initiative from colleagues at other Israeli universities and research institutions, from the Israel Oceanographic and Limnology Research (IOLR) and from the German Research Foundation (DFG). The vision of Walter Steinitz was ultimately realized in 1968, five years after he died, when the Marine Biology Laboratory (MBL) of The Hebrew University near Eilat was inaugurated.[25] Launching the laboratory was a peak in the career of Heinz Steinitz as an Israeli zoologist and as an internationally recognized senior marine biologist. He died in 1971 while being the first director of the laboratory; in his honor, the laboratory was renamed The Heinz Steinitz Marine Biology Laboratory.[5]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: The fish collection of the Hebrew University was begun in the 1920s by Prof. Israel Aharoni and Prof. Georg Haas, soon after the opening of the Department of Zoology.[19] Steinitz added specimens from the very beginning of his work in the department. During the 1950s, the collection of fish specimens was carried out also by Prof. Adam Ben-Tuvia from the Sea Fishery Research Station in Haifa, a former student of Steinitz. A considerable augmentation of the collection occurred with the harvest of the expeditions to Sinai in 1956 and the Israeli South Red Sea Expeditions in the 1960s, when over 3,000 lots of fish were deposited. The taxonomic and zoogeographic identification of specimens was often conducted by correspondence between Steinitz and ichthyologists and curators of research institutes and science museums around the world. As a consequence, the collection became recognized as having major international importance, serving as a reference collection for the international community of ichthyologists.[18][19]

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: Parallel to research and teaching at the university, Steinitz was involved in three types of research-supporting long term pursuits: (a) Participation, organization and management of scientific expeditions; (b) building-up and curation of a fish collection; (c) planning, founding and managing a marine research station near Eilat.

title: Ernst Steinitz

text: In 1910 Steinitz published the very influential paper "Algebraische Theorie der Körper" (German: Algebraic Theory of Fields, "Crelle's Journal" (1910), 167–309). In this paper he axiomatically studies the properties of fields and defines important concepts like prime field, perfect field and the transcendence degree of a field extension. Steinitz proved that every field has an algebraic closure. He also made fundamental contributions to the theory of polyhedra: Steinitz's theorem for polyhedra is that the 1-skeletons of convex polyhedra are exactly the 3-connected planar graphs. His work in this area was published posthumously as a 1934 book, "Vorlesungen über die Theorie der Polyeder unter Einschluss der Elemente der Topologie", by Hans Rademacher.

title: Heinz Steinitz

text: He became a member of the teaching and research staff of the Department of Zoology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1936, advanced along the academic track up to the highest degree of full professor, and worked in the department until his death.[5] The Hebrew University, the first university in Israel, was established only a decade before Steinitz's arrival in Jerusalem; thus, his academic career parallels the early history of zoology research and teaching in the Israeli academia.

title: Steinitz' prawn goby

text: The specific name and common name honour of the Israeli marine biologist and herpetologist Heinz Steinitz (1909-1971)who founded of the marine laboratory that bears his name, in Eilat, Israel, on the Gulf of Aqaba, where this species can be found.

title: Emanuel Lasker

text: Rebuffed by Tarrasch, Lasker challenged the reigning World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz to a match for the title. Initially Lasker wanted to play for US $5,000 a side and a match was agreed at stakes of $3,000 a side, but Steinitz agreed to a series of reductions when Lasker found it difficult to raise the money. The final figure was $2,000, which was less than for some of Steinitz' earlier matches (the final combined stake of $4,000 would be worth over $495,000 at 2006 values). Although this was publicly praised as an act of sportsmanship on Steinitz' part, Steinitz may have desperately needed the money. The match was played in 1894, at venues in New York, Philadelphia, and Montreal. Steinitz had previously declared he would win without doubt, so it came as a shock when Lasker won the first game. Steinitz responded by winning the second, and maintained the balance through the sixth. However, Lasker won all the games from the seventh to the eleventh, and Steinitz asked for a week's rest. When the match resumed, Steinitz looked in better shape and won the 13th and 14th games. Lasker struck back in the 15th and 16th, and Steinitz did not compensate for his losses in the middle of the match. Hence Lasker won convincingly with ten wins, five losses and four draws. Lasker thus became the second formally recognized World Chess Champion, and confirmed his title by beating Steinitz even more convincingly in their re-match in 1896–97 (ten wins, two losses, and five draws).