query: When was Grandia developed?

title: Grandia (video game)

text: Grandia[lower-alpha 1] is a role-playing video game, developed by Game Arts and published by ESP Software for the Sega Saturn console as the first game in their Grandia series. Released in Japan in 1997, the game was ported to the PlayStation in 1999, with an English version of the game appearing on the platform in North America in the following September by Sony Computer Entertainment, and in Europe in 2000 by Ubi Soft. The game was produced by much of the same staff who worked on the company's previous role-playing endeavor, the Lunar series, including producer Yoichi Miyagi and composer Noriyuki Iwadare.

title: Grandia

text: The "Grandia" series sold 2million units, as of April 2009. The latest installment was released for Microsoft Windows in July 2009 entitled "Grandia Online"; its services remained online for three years until they shut down in 2012.

title: Grandia (video game)

text: Artwork and storyboards - Several pieces of rare artwork and storyboards. Each one carries a small collection which can be viewed. Character Portraits - The character portraits that pop up each time a character is speaking. Sound Theatre - A collection of sound or radio plays featuring the Grandia cast. Grandia 1 saves - Allows the player to download a save file for use in the full Grandia 1 game. Bestiary - A library of all the monsters and their characteristics. Arcade - An arcade with mini-games. Including games such as baseball, archery, an eating competition, and a text-based game.

title: Grandia

text: Not officially a sequel, but a bonus disc using the same engine as the Saturn version of "Grandia". Though it only consists of four dungeons, each one is very large compared to the ones in the original "Grandia". Justin, Feena and Sue must explore them in order to recover artifacts from a museum of the original game that Liete has created. These unlock storyboards, special sound plays known as "Radio Dramas", saves for the original Saturn game, mini-games, bestiary listings and original artwork.

title: Grandia Online

text: "Grandia Online" was first announced by Game Arts in late 2004 as a collaborative effort between their company and GungHo Online Entertainment under the codename "Project: GO". The game was first revealed during a GungHo Games panel at the 2005 Tokyo Game Show in Tokyo, Japan, where the company announced that they would be working with Game Arts to bring their "Grandia" role-playing game series to the PC as a "real adventure-themed MMORPG." Development for the game began shortly after completion of Game Arts' previous endeavor, "Grandia III", released earlier that year in Japan, and was overseen by GungHo president Morishita Yoshikazu and Game Arts producer Yoshitada Iwata. Inspiration for the game came from Gravity Corporation's "Ragnarok Online", as well as to fill the need for "Japan's increased demand for online games." The following October, one month after the game's announcement, GungHo announced plans to become a majority shareholder for the Game Arts corporation, turning the company into a subsidiary and making "Grandia Online" an in-house production. An open beta test period was originally planned for the first quarter of 2006, with the game's final release following later that year, which was pushed back to the following September, and then an undetermined date due to development issues.

title: Grandia Xtreme

text: An "aggressive" marketing campaign was planned to push the game and the series as a "brand for the future, not a one shot deal". "Grandia Xtreme" was showcased with a trailer at the Tokyo Game Show in August 2001 and in playable form at the World Hobby Fair of Tokyo in January 2002. A video of the game was also featured in an issue of "Famitsu Game Wave DVD". The game was released in Japan on January 31, 2002 in either regular or limited edition, the latter including as bonuses a "Grandia Xtreme" pocket watch and a small "Geo Gate" diorama depicting the protagonist Evann. Customers who pre-ordered the game also received a "Grandia" miniature tote bag.

title: Grandia: Parallel Trippers

text: Japanese response to "Grandia: Parallel Trippers" was mild, with "Weekly Famitsu" magazine granting the game a 24 out of 40 score. In a hands-on preview of the game, IGN found it to be a very generic role-playing title, remarking that "While Grandia didn't look or play poorly, there was nothing here that differentiated itself from all the rest of the big-headed, overhead, 2D RPGs that were on the Game Boy Color". The website additionally felt that "Parallel Trippers" was too loosely associated with the original, adding that it was "really only Grandia in characters, since the game doesn't look a thing like the Grandia you've played on the 32-bit consoles."

title: Grandia

text: This incarnation of the "Grandia" series was considerably more battle-focused than the earlier games. The main character is a Ranger known as Evann recruited by the army to help neutralise the so-called Elemental Disorder, which has been causing havoc. A much improved "Grandia II" battle engine was used in Xtreme, and various other features were added to the game outside of combat to give it more the feel of a "dungeon crawler" such as Diablo. Rather than having a party decided by the plot as in previous "Grandia" games, "Xtreme" gives the player 8 characters from which the player is free to choose his preferred team. Graphics are much improved on "Grandia II" — the battling is quick and fluid, and loading times everywhere in the game are some of the fastest in any PlayStation 2 game. Battles are also more large-scale than any past "Grandia" game, with often over 15 combatants at one time. The character empowerment system was somewhat a mix of "Grandia" and "Grandia II", with techniques being learned and upgraded through use, but skills and magic being found and equipped. The game was criticized for having a weaker story, relatively uninteresting characters and only two "towns," which was a large change from past "Grandia" games which focused on story and travel.

title: Grandia (video game)

text: In December 1997, selected music tracks from the game were released in Japan on the Grandia Original Soundtrack by King Records across two discs, which were organized as "Orchestra Side" and "Synth Side" according to the type of instrument samples used to compose them.[28] A follow-up album, Grandia Original Soundtrack II, was made available in June 1998, containing an additional two discs of music not featured on the previous album.[29] One year later, in June 1999, a compilation album entitled The Best of Grandia was released by Twofive Records containing some of Iwadare's favorite music from the game, including a never-before released track, "Pavane".[30] Iwadare also produced a special arranged album called Vent: Grandia Arrange Version,[31] with "vent" (IPA:[vɑ̃]) being the French word for "wind", which Iwadare chose because it "carries the image of cool pleasant wind".[26] The album was released in February 1998 by King Records and contains 12 arranged tracks, which Iwadare designed to be "an album, which people would listen at leisure on Sunday mornings".[26]

title: Grandia (video game)

text: Grandia: Digital Museum(グランディア ～デジタルミュージアム～,Gurandia Dejitaru Myuziamu) is an extension of Grandia, developed by Game Arts and published by ESP Software for the Sega Saturn. Released exclusively in Japan in May 1998, the game features character graphics, textures, and music lifted directly from its predecessor. Players can also swap save data between the core Grandia disc and the Digital Museum on the Saturn memory card.

title: Grandia

text: Uses the same characters and music as the first "Grandia" game. The actual game areas are different from those of the original "Grandia", though many of the items, moves and enemy names are the same. A group of schoolchildren who live in the "real" world are sucked into a portal while playing in an abandoned shed next to their school and end up in the world of "Grandia". They must find three special keys in order to make their way back home, and enlist the help of Justin and friends, who are always keen for new adventures.

title: Grandia III

text: The English version of "Grandia III" was announced in December 2005 in the form of a teaser website from Square Enix, which revealed that the game was scheduled for release in North America the following February. In January 2006, the game was given its final release date of February 14, along with the announcement that Game Arts would be continuing development on their "Grandia Online" project, which at the time was also scheduled for release that year.

title: Grandia Xtreme

text: "Grandia Xtreme" received mixed reviews from critics. It received a score of 71.12% on GameRankings and 68/100 on Metacritic.

title: Grandia (disambiguation)

text: Grandia may refer to:

title: Grandia (video game)

text: Nearly ten years after Grandia's release on the PlayStation, Game Arts announced in April 2009 that the game would be released as a downloadable title on Sony's PlayStation Network service in Japan in celebration of the resuming development on the company's long-dormant Grandia Online project.[23]

title: Grandia (video game)

text: Grandia was developed by Game Arts over a period of more than two years beginning after the release of the company's previous role-playing video game title, Lunar: Eternal Blue for the Sega Mega-CD.[9] The project, headed by producer Yoichi Miyaji and directors Takeshi Miyaji and Toshiaki Hontani, was also originally intended for the Mega-CD system, but was shifted to the Saturn early in development due to Sega's abandoning the platform. According to a spokesman for Game Arts, Grandia was created as part of the company's on-going effort to "provide consumers with good games rather than try to follow market trends", opting instead to create a product that would tell a compelling story catering primarily to their existing fanbase.[10] The Saturn version was released in December 1997 exclusively in Japan, along with a special Limited Edition for those who pre-ordered the game between October 25 and November 30, 1997,[11] which included a fold-out cloth map of the Grandia world, as well as a mini radio drama disc featuring voiced scenes from the game.[12] In November 1998, Grandia was re-released in Japan as the Grandia Memorial Package, which featured new instruction booklet artwork and a lower sales price.[13] Sega of America had commented that they had no plans to bring an English version of the game to North American audiences on their system,[14] which prompted an online petition originating on the role-playing game fansite designed to alert the company of consumer interest.[15] Despite gathering several hundred signatures in only a few days, as well as promotion from gaming website GameSpot, the Saturn version was never released internationally.[16]

title: Grandia (video game)

text: Since its release, Grandia has become notable for its combat mechanics which have been carried over to future games within the franchise, and has spawned an expansion disk (Grandia: Digital Museum) and a spin-off title (Grandia: Parallel Trippers) - both released exclusively in Japan. In celebration of the announcement of renewing development on Grandia Online, which acts as a prequel to Grandia, the game was re-released on Sony's PlayStation Network platform in Japan as a downloadable title on April 22, 2009 and in North America on February 25, 2010. It was re-released in Europe on November 10, 2010. A high-definition remaster of the game will be released in 2019, together with Grandia II, for Nintendo Switch and Windows PC.[3]

title: Grandia II

text: The game was developed by many of the same staff members who worked on the original "Grandia", including music composer Noriyuki Iwadare but was designed around the idea of creating a more "mature" product than the previous title, as well as the first in the series to feature fully three-dimensional graphics.

title: Grandia III

text: "Grandia III" was first announced in a March 2005 issue of Japanese "Weekly Famitsu" magazine, which revealed that Game Arts and Square Enix would be bringing the game to the PlayStation 2 console like the previous installment, "Grandia Xtreme". The project was headed by director Hidenobu Takahashi, who previously served as art director for "Grandia II", and stated that the game would follow the series' themes of "adventure, drama and dreams", and would continue in the direction of taking the series to a more "adult" sensibility while still retaining an overall optimistic tone. Character design for the game was provided by You Yoshinari with Takahiro Hasebe serving as scenario writer, both of whom had worked on the original "Grandia". CGI movie cutscenes were placed in the game help advance the story, which were produced by Mikitaka Kurasawa who had also worked with Capcom on "". According to a Square Enix representative, the amount of cutscenes in the game are roughly equal in length to three movies. Combat in "Grandia III" was designed to be a variation of the system seen in previous games in the series, and was described by Takahashi as being "very complex but very easy to learn", adding that "The combination of the story, fast-paced battle system and beautiful environment will prove to be an extremely enjoyable adventure." An official website was launched for the game in April 2005, which detailed the game's final release date the following August, as well as offered updates on the game's mechanics and characters.

title: Grandia Xtreme

text: "Grandia Xtreme" plays very similarly to the rest of the games in the "Grandia" series, which all resemble a traditional role-playing video game with somewhat random battles that occur within dungeons or during scripted situations. Combat takes place on a three-dimensional battlefield where the characters move around, striking enemies as they get near them. Very similar in both style and execution to "Grandia II"'s battle system, with the notable exception being that the Battle Gauge, formerly stylized as a horizontal line, is now a circle that the character icons move along clockwise. Each icon represents a character or enemy currently in battle, and they move along it at a rate which corresponds to their "speed" rating. Once an icon reaches the top of the circle, they are allowed to either attack, use items, defend, or flee the battle.

title: Grandia Xtreme

text: A new installment in the "Grandia" series developed by Game Arts was officially announced on June 1, 2001 with the tentative name of "Grandia X". The game, later retitled "Grandia Xtreme", was to be published by Enix as they had just invested capital in Game Arts for a total of ¥99.2 million, or 15% of the company. The game was the first title Game Arts developed exclusively for the PlayStation 2. While previous installments in the series were traditional role-playing video games, the developers took the new title in a different direction and designed it more as an action role-playing game or dungeon crawler to make it more accessible to casual gamers. They nevertheless kept and enhanced mainstays such as the combat and magic systems, as well as the "enchantment" aspect of the story. To design the characters of the game, Enix and Game Arts selected Kamui Fujiwara, the character designer of "Terranigma". Development for the game spanned roughly 18 months.

title: Grandia (video game)

text: The music for Grandia was written by Noriyuki Iwadare, who had previously worked with Game Arts as composer for their Lunar series on the Sega CD.[24] Iwadare was called upon to write the music due to his relationship with the company, and claims that his work on Grandia was "a turning point in my career",[25] and described the music-making process as "very interesting".[26] Grandia's sound team utilized the "latest technology" available at the time to create the game's background themes,[26] included the game's main theme, "Theme of Grandia", which was composed by Iwadare in just one night after looking at an illustration for the game.[25] In addition to music, the game also features voice acting during battles and certain story scenes, with the Japanese version featuring a number of anime and video game veteran actors. Two of the English version's main characters, Justin and Gadwin, were officially left uncredited.[24] "It's the End" by Japanese rock group L'Arc-en-Ciel, from the band's 1999 Album Ray, was used as the game's official commercial theme song during its re-release on the PlayStation.[27]

title: Grandia III

text: The music of "Grandia III" was composed by series veteran Noriyuki Iwadare, who contributed the soundtracks to all previous "Grandia" titles. Shortly after the Japanese version was released in August 2005, the "Grandia III Original Soundtrack" was released by Two-Five Records, featuring background themes from the game across two discs. "Grandia III" also features the theme song "In the Sky" performed by Japanese pop/rock singer Miz, which is featured in the game's opening demo, and was released as a single one day before the game in both regular and limited editions by Victor Entertainment. Players who pre-ordered the game in Japan could also received a special promotional album featuring three songs from the game recorded live by the game's music staff, including the vocal theme "To the Moon" performed by Kaori Kawasumi. In September 2005, "Melk Ruins", a music track from the game that was unable to be included in the official soundtrack, was made available on the game's official Japanese website as a free download. In addition to music, game contains voice clips during battle, as well as in story certain story scenes, with voices provided in Japanese and English for each region by veteran anime and video game actors.

title: Grandia Online

text: In April 2009, news of "Grandia Online"s progress was finally made public, with the launch of an official countdown website that opened on April 21, revealing that the game was not only still being produced, but that a new open beta test would be launched the following July. To celebrate the occasion, Game Arts announced they would be re-releasing the original "Grandia" on Sony's PlayStation Network download service, as well host a limited, 60-person public test period for a demo of the game the following may in Tokyo's Akihabara district. The game is to utilize the BigWorld Technology Suite, which was previously used in GungHo's "Hokuto no Ken Online", and "promises a development solution specifically for scalable next-gen MMOs and virtual worlds." The company had planned to release the game commercially by the end of summer 2009, with a final release still pending due to an extended beta period beginning in August.

title: Grandia II

text: "Grandia II"s English release met with an overwhelming positive response. It received an aggregate score of 88.81% on GameRankings and 90/100 on Metacritic. "GamePro" magazine found the game to be "solidly-built and features stunning visuals, dead-on controls, and a innovative combat system" yet remarked that that game's scenarios seemed too linear at times. On a similar note, GameSpot stated that "While the first Grandia had lengthy dungeons full of puzzles and side routes, Grandia II's dungeons are more compartmental and linear affairs," and ultimately found the game to be "a solid RPG... even if it isn't as deep or difficult as the original." IGN granted the game an Editor's Choice distinction, calling it a "classic" of the Dreamcast and remarking that its battle system was "arguably the most advanced system in play today", yet found the game's story and character development to be cliche and predictable. Eurogamer also found the game's story and gameplay to be largely methodical, and despite being dubbed "the best RPG on the Dreamcast in Europe" and "strongly recommended", editors felt seasoned role-playing game players would find the game too generic, calling it "an incredibly tough game to call". "Electronic Gaming Monthly" granted the game a 9 out of 10, earning it a Gold Award.

title: Grandia: Parallel Trippers

text: "Grandia: Parallel Trippers" is a traditional role-playing video game that is presented using two-dimensional graphics and character sprites and is presented using an overhead perspective. Players must guide the main character Yuuhi through a number of environments containing non-player characters, enemy monsters, traps, and puzzles that must be overcome in order to advance. Obstacles such as ledges and pits may be overcome by jumping, and other hindrances such as barricades and walls may be crossed using switches found in the area. The accompanying character Pinky, a rotund, flying creature with large ears, can also be used to manipulate objects from a distance. Treasure chests containing beneficial items such as healing herbs and equipment are scattered throughout each area, in addition to hidden items that must be found by searching certain objects. Like the original "Grandia", enemies in "Parallel Trippers" are visible on the map screen, and are only engaged when a player comes in contact with one.

title: Grandia Online

text: Background music for "Grandia Online" was written by series veteran Noriyuki Iwadare, the composer for all previous "Grandia" titles. The game also features voice acting during certain story sequences that the player will encounter during play, which are provided by several prominent anime and video game actors including Kikuko Inoue, who reprises her role as Liete from the first "Grandia". Player characters are also voiced, with sound clips used during combat and certain emotes, and vary by the character's race and gender. "Grandia Online"s official theme song, "Earth Trip" by Minami Kuribayashi, was released as a single in July 2009, alongside a limited edition version that contains a code which can be redeemed for special in-game items.

title: Grandia (video game)

text: The game's story is set sometime after the events of the original Grandia, with the main characters Justin, Feena, and Sue being transported to a large museum created by the sorceress Liete made to honor their adventure during the first game. When most of the exhibits go missing, Liete uses her magic to transport the three to four separate dungeons each containing remnants of their previous journey to find and restore them to their proper place. As players progress through the game, bonus material becomes unlocked in the museum itself, which includes music files, artwork, and movie clips related to Grandia, as well as minigames.

title: Grandia Online

text: GungHo would remain quiet on "Grandia Online"s progress until early 2007, when Game Arts announced that the title had been sold by GungHo to online software producer Online Game Revolution Fund Number 1 for ¥2.6 billion, and that development would continue under the game's new name, "Grandia Zero". Game Arts would later re-acquire the game's production rights some time later, as well as return the game to its original title, yet development activities remained undisclosed for several months. During this period, industry rumors began to surface that the game may have been cancelled.

title: Grandia: Parallel Trippers

text: "Grandia: Parallel Trippers" was announced in July 2000 by its publisher Hudson Soft, who revealed that they, along with Game Arts, would be bringing the game to the Game Boy Color as the series' first handheld title. Game Arts president Hirokazu Miyazki explained that the game was created to make a "Grandia" that users could "play anywhere", and was designed under the philosophy that both new and veteran fans of the series could enjoy the title equally. Hudson Soft was personally chosen by Game Arts as the game's publisher due to their experience with handheld titles and enthusiasm in marketing the game to Japanese audiences. The game was first showcased at the 2000 Nintendo Space World expo the following August, and again at the 2000 Tokyo Game Show in September, where the game received its final release date. Following the game's release, Huson Soft launched its "Grandia Nippo" (lit. "Grandia Daily") website that featured fan art, interviews, and special downloads related to "Parallel Trippers" in order to increase enthusiasm for the game. The music for "Parallel Trippers" consists of downsampled versions of tracks from the original "Grandia", originally composed by Noriyuki Iwadare.


query: What cancers effect the lymphatic system?

title: Metastasis

text: Metastatic cancers may be found at the same time as the primary tumor, or months or years later. When a second tumor is found in a patient that has been treated for cancer in the past, it is more often a metastasis than another primary tumor.

title: Sampson Handley

text: He worked at the cancer research wing at the Middlesex Hospital where he researched the methods by which cancer spread. He found that the main extension of breast cancer was along the lymphatics and he coined the words "Lymphatic permeation". In 1905 he became an Assistant Surgeon at the Middlesex Hospital and continued his research into cancer. In 1906 he published "Cancer of the Breast and its Operative Treatment" which created his reputation with the wider medical establishment. In 1911 he was awarded the Walker Prize by the Royal College of Surgeons for advancing the knowledge of the pathology and therapeutics of cancer. As well as his work with cancer he was also a skilled abdominal surgeon.

title: Trifolium pratense

text: In alternative medicine, red clover is promoted as a treatment for a variety of human maladies, including symptoms of menopause, coughs, disorders of the lymphatic system and a variety of cancers. Several systemic reviews and meta-analyses concluded that red clover extract reduces the frequency of menopause hot flashes. Most added that further research needed to confirm the results. There is no evidence in the human trial literature that red clover has been tested for effects on cough, lymphatic system or cancer prevention/treatment. Dietary amounts of red clover are safe, but dietary supplement extracts may cause rash-like reactions, muscle ache, headache, nausea, vaginal bleeding in women, and slow blood clotting.

title: Colon cancer staging

text: The most common staging system is the TNM (for tumors/nodes/metastases) system, from the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). The TNM system assigns a number based on three categories. "T" denotes the degree of invasion of the intestinal wall, "N" the degree of lymphatic node involvement, and "M" the degree of metastasis. The broader stage of a cancer is usually quoted as a number I, II, III, IV derived from the TNM value grouped by prognosis; a higher number indicates a more advanced cancer and likely a worse outcome. Details of this system are in the graph below:

title: TNM staging system

text: TNM was developed and is maintained by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). It is also used by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). In 1987, the UICC and AJCC staging systems were unified into the single TNM staging system. TNM is a notation system that describes the stage of a cancer, which originates from a solid tumor, using alphanumeric codes:The TNM staging system for all solid tumors was devised by Pierre Denoix between 1943 and 1952, using the size and extension of the primary tumor, its lymphatic involvement, and the presence of metastases to classify the progression of cancer.

title: Syk

text: Mice that lack Syk completely (Syk, Syk-knockout) die during embryonic development around midgestation. They show severe defects in the development of the lymphatic system. Normally, the lymphatic system and the blood system are strictly separated from each other. However, in Syk deficient mice the lymphatics and the blood vessels form abnormal shunts, leading to leakage of blood into the lymphatic system. The reason for this phenotype was identified by a genetic fate mapping approach, showing that Syk is expressed in myeloid cells which orchestrate the proper separation of lymphatics and blood system during embryogenesis and beyond. Thus, Syk is an essential regulator of the lymphatic system development in mice.

title: Lymphatic system

text: The lymphatic system is part of the vascular system and an important part of the immune system, comprising a large network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph (from Latin, "lympha" meaning "water") directionally towards the heart. The lymphatic system was first described in the seventeenth century independently by Olaus Rudbeck and Thomas Bartholin. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic system is not a closed system. The human circulatory system processes an average of 20 litres of blood per day through capillary filtration, which removes plasma while leaving the blood cells. Roughly 17 litres of the filtered plasma is reabsorbed directly into the blood vessels, while the remaining three litres remain in the interstitial fluid. One of the main functions of the lymph system is to provide an accessory return route to the blood for the surplus three litres.

title: Dressed to Kill (book)

text: Singer and Grismaijer argue that bra-wearing may cause breast cancer because of a purported effect on lymphatic circulation. Their interpretation is that constriction from tightly worn bras inhibits the proper functioning of the lymphatic system and leads to a buildup of fluid within the breast tissue. According to the authors, bra-induced constriction of the breast lymphatic vessels concentrates toxins within the breast tissue, which may ultimately lead to cancer.

title: Glymphatic system

text: In the peripheral organs, the lymphatic system performs important immune functions, and runs parallel to the blood circulatory system to provide a secondary circulation that transports excess interstitial fluid, proteins and metabolic waste products from the systemic tissues back into the blood. The efficient removal of soluble proteins from the interstitial fluid is critical to the regulation of both colloidal osmotic pressure and homeostatic regulation of the body's fluid volume. The importance of lymphatic flow is especially evident when the lymphatic system becomes obstructed. In lymphatic associated diseases such as elephantiasis (where parasites occupying the lymphatic vessels block the flow of lymph), the impact of such an obstruction can be dramatic. The resulting chronic edema is due to the breakdown of lymphatic clearance and the accumulation of interstitial solutes. In 2015, the presence of a meningeal lymphatic system was first identified.

title: Lymphatic vessel

text: Rhythmic contraction of the vessel walls through movements may also help draw fluid into the smallest lymphatic vessels, capillaries. If tissue fluid builds up the tissue will swell; this is called edema. As the circular path through the body's system continues, the fluid is then transported to progressively larger lymphatic vessels culminating in the right lymphatic duct (for lymph from the right upper body) and the thoracic duct (for the rest of the body); both ducts "drain" into the circulatory system at the right and left subclavian veins. The system collaborates with white blood cells in lymph nodes to protect the body from being infected by cancer cells, fungi, viruses or bacteria. This is known as a secondary circulatory system.

title: Angiosarcoma

text: Most tumors of visceral blood and lymphatic vessel walls are cancerous (malignant). Because these cancers are carried by the blood flow or lymphatic flow, they can more easily metastasize to distant sites, particularly the liver and lungs.

title: Circulatory system

text: The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system. It is a network of lymphatic vessels and lymph capillaries, lymph nodes and organs, and lymphatic tissues and circulating lymph. One of its major functions is to carry the lymph, draining and returning interstitial fluid back towards the heart for return to the cardiovascular system, by emptying into the lymphatic ducts. Its other main function is in the adaptive immune system.

title: Biosensor

text: Metastasis is the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another via either the circulatory system or lymphatic system. Unlike radiology imaging tests (mammograms), which send forms of energy (x-rays, magnetic fields, etc.) through the body to only take interior pictures, biosensors have the potential to directly test the malignant power of the tumor. The combination of a biological and detector element allows for a small sample requirement, a compact design, rapid signals, rapid detection, high selectivity and high sensitivity for the analyte being studied. Compared to the usual radiology imaging tests biosensors have the advantage of not only finding out how far the cancer has spread and checking if treatment is effective, but also are cheaper, more efficient (in time, cost and productivity) ways to assess metastaticity in early stages of cancer.

title: Lymphadenectomy

text: It is usually done because many types of cancer have a marked tendency to produce lymph node metastasis early in their natural history. This is particularly true of melanoma, head and neck cancer, differentiated thyroid cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. Famed British surgeon Berkeley Moynihan once remarked that "the surgery of cancer is not the surgery of organs; it is the surgery of the lymphatic system".

title: Henri François Le Dran

text: Le Dran made contributions in his pioneer research of cancer, and his work involving military surgery. He was among the first physicians to realize that cancer was a local affliction, and not a systemic malady. He postulated that cancer progressed in stages, and that it began as a local organic disease. He advocated surgery for cancer before the tumor was allowed to metastasize through the lymphatic system and affect other parts of the body.

title: Lymphatic system

text: There is no evidence to suggest that the effects of manual lymphatic drainage are permanent.

title: Lymphatic system

text: Lymphadenopathy refers to one or more enlarged lymph nodes. Small groups or individually enlarged lymph nodes are generally "reactive" in response to infection or inflammation. This is called "local" lymphadenopathy. When many lymph nodes in different areas of the body are involved, this is called "generalised" lymphadenopathy. Generalised lymphadenopathy may be caused by infections such as infectious mononucleosis, tuberculosis and HIV, connective tissue diseases such as SLE and rheumatoid arthritis, and cancers, including both cancers of tissue within lymph nodes, discussed below, and metastasis of cancerous cells from other parts of the body, that have arrived via the lymphatic system.

title: Rotter's lymph nodes

text: Rotter's lymph nodes are small interpectoral lymph nodes located between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles. They receive lymphatic fluid from the muscles and the mammary gland, and deliver lymphatic fluid to the axillary lymphatic plexus. These lymph nodes are susceptible to breast cancer, as the cancer sometimes spreads (metastasizes) to the interpectoral lymph nodes. Rotter's lymph nodes are named after German surgeon Josef Rotter (1857-1924), who described them in the late 19th century.

title: Tumor-associated endothelial cell

text: The increased permeability of tumor-associated endothelial cells permits macromolecules to leave the blood system and directly enter the tumor interstitial space. There is also a retention effect that allows these macromolecules to stay at tumor sites due to the suppression of lymphatic infiltration. This observation has been termed the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and has been exploited for cancer nano-therapeutics. Unfortunately the effectiveness of this mechanism for drug nano-carriers remains inconsistent due to the heterogeneity of this EPR effect within and amongst different tumors. Tumor type, size, and location affect the nature of the surrounding vasculature and stroma and contribute to this heterogeneity in EPR effect.

title: Lymphatic system

text: The study of lymphatic drainage of various organs is important in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. The lymphatic system, because of its closeness to many tissues of the body, is responsible for carrying cancerous cells between the various parts of the body in a process called metastasis. The intervening lymph nodes can trap the cancer cells. If they are not successful in destroying the cancer cells the nodes may become sites of secondary tumours.

title: Lymphedema

text:
Lymphedema, also known as lymphoedema and lymphatic edema, is a condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system. The lymphatic system functions as critical portion of the body's immune system and returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream. Lymphedema is most frequently a complication of cancer treatment or parasitic infections, but it can also be seen in a number of genetic disorders. Though incurable and progressive, a number of treatments can ameliorate symptoms. Tissues with lymphedema are at high risk of infection because lymphatic system has been compromised.
The most common manifestation of lymphedema is soft tissue swelling, edema. As the disorder progresses, worsening edema and skin changes including discoloration, verrucous (wart-like) hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, dermal thickening and ulcers may be seen. Additionally, there is increased risk of infection of the superficial soft tissues, known as cellulitis.

title: Lymph node

text: A lymph node or lymph gland is an ovoid or kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and of the adaptive immune system, that is widely present throughout the body. They are linked by the lymphatic vessels as a part of the circulatory system. Lymph nodes are major sites of B and T lymphocytes, and other white blood cells. Lymph nodes are important for the proper functioning of the immune system, acting as filters for foreign particles and cancer cells. Lymph nodes do not have a detoxification function, which is primarily dealt with by the liver and kidneys.

title: Lymphatic system

text: The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic organs, a conducting network of lymphatic vessels, and the circulating lymph.

title: Meningeal lymphatic vessels

text: The meningeal lymphatic vessels (or meningeal lymphatics) are a recently discovered network of conventional lymphatic vessels located parallel to the dural sinuses and meningeal arteries of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). As a part of the lymphatic system, the meningeal lymphatics are responsible for draining immune cells, small molecules, and excess fluid from the CNS and into the deep cervical lymph nodes.

title: Lymphatic system

text: Lymphoid leukaemia is another form of cancer where the host is devoid of different lymphatic cells.

title: Lymphedema

text: Lymphedema may be inherited (primary) or caused by injury to the lymphatic vessels (secondary). It is most frequently seen after lymph node dissection, surgery and/or radiation therapy, in which damage to the lymphatic system is caused during the treatment of cancer, most notably breast cancer. In many patients with cancer, this condition does not develop until months or even years after therapy has concluded. Lymphedema may also be associated with accidents or certain diseases or problems that may inhibit the lymphatic system from functioning properly. In tropical areas of the world, a common cause of secondary lymphedema is filariasis, a parasitic infection. It can also be caused by damage to the lymphatic system from infections such as cellulitis.

title: Lymphatic disease

text: This is a type of cancer of the lymphatic system. It can start almost anywhere in the body. It is believed to be caused by HIV, Epstein-Barr Syndrome, age and family history. Symptoms include weight gain, fever, swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, itchy skin, fatigue, chest pain, coughing or trouble swallowing.

title: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

text: Clinical and histopathological evidence demonstrate the lymphatic involvement in LAM. The prevailing hypothesis is that LAM lesions secrete the lymphangiogenic factor VEGF-D, recruit lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) that form lymphatic vessels and induce lung cysts. VEGF-D serum levels are increased in LAM compared to other cystic lung diseases, including pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, emphysema, Sjögren's syndrome, or Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome. VEGF-D levels correlate with the severity of LAM, evaluated as a measure of CT grade (the abundance of chylous effusions and lymphatic involvement). VEGF-D is a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein and a member of the VEGF family of growth factors, is known for its role in cancer lymphangiogenesis and metastasis. Proteolytic processing of VEGF-D affects cognate binding to VEGFR3. Histopathologically, LAM lesions are surrounded by cells that stain for VEGFR3, the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) and podoplanin. VEGF-D binds to the receptor protein tyrosine kinases VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-349 in humans, and to VEGFR3 in mice. Surprisingly, knock-out of VEGF-D in mice has little effect on lymphatic system development. Nevertheless, during tumorigenesis VEGF-D promotes formation of tumor lymphatic vessels and facilitates metastatic spread of cancer cells. However, little is known about a role of abnormal lymphatics and VEGF-D in LAM pathogenesis.

title: Lamina propria

text: Progression of epithelial cancer often relies on deep and regional lymph node invasion The lamina propria being one of the barriers to the submucosa is an area where epithelial cancer invasion is of significance since lymphatic invasion is an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis, especially in gastric cancer. As soon as the tumors breach the basement membrane and reach the lamina propria, they are exposed to lymphatics which may increase the rate of metastasis and cancer progression. Deeper invasion into the submucosa will increase the exposure to lymphatics.

title: Lymphatic system

text:
The lymphatics are responsible for maintaining the balance of the body fluids. Its network of capillaries and collecting lymphatic vessels work to efficiently drain and transport extravasated fluid, along with proteins and antigens, back to the circulatory system. Numerous intraluminal valves in the vessels ensure a unidirectional flow of lymph without reflux. Two valve systems are used to achieve this one directional flow—a primary and a secondary valve system.
The capillaries are blind-ended, and the valves at the ends of capillaries use specialised junctions together with anchoring filaments to allow a unidirectional flow to the primary vessels. The collecting lymphatics, however, act to propel the lymph by the combined actions of the intraluminal valves and lymphatic muscle cells.
Lymphatic tissues begin to develop by the end of the fifth week of embryonic development. Lymphatic vessels develop from lymph sacs that arise from developing veins, which are derived from mesoderm.

title: Lymphatic system

text: Cancer of the lymphatic system can be primary or secondary. Lymphoma refers to cancer that arises from lymphatic tissue. Lymphoid leukaemias and lymphomas are now considered to be tumours of the same type of cell lineage. They are called "leukaemia" when in the blood or marrow and "lymphoma" when in lymphatic tissue. They are grouped together under the name "lymphoid malignancy".


query: How much did House of a 1000 Corpses gross?

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: Among film critics, House of 1000 Corpses received a generally negative reaction following its release. The film was critically panned, with the film's various side-plots and main cast being criticized by multiple critics.[5] The film earned over $3 million in its opening weekend, and would later go on to gross over $16 million worldwide. Despite its initial negative reception, the film went on to develop a cult following. Zombie later developed a haunted house attraction for Universal Studios Hollywood based on the film. Zombie later directed the film's sequel, The Devil's Rejects (2005), in which the Firefly family are on the run from the police. Additionally, Zombie is also set to be directing 3 from Hell, the sequel to The Devil's Rejects. This would be the final film performance of Dennis Fimple before his death in August 2002. This film was dedicated to his memory.

title: 1000 Crore Club

text: 1000 Crore Club is an unofficial designation by the Indian film trade and the media, related to Indian language films that have grossed ₹1000 crore (10 billion Indian rupees)() or more in India or worldwide. grossed in all languages in India itself, while nett collection was in all languages in India. The Telugu-Tamil film "" became the first Indian film to gross over 1000 crore worldwide. It was followed by the Aamir Khan starring Bollywood film "Dangal", which is the highest grossing Indian film, expanding the club to 1700 crore, 1800 crore and 1900 crore, before creating the () club, and becoming the fifth highest-grossing non-English language film of all time. The 1000 crore club was preceded by the 100 crore club.

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: Rob Zombie rose to fame as a member of the band White Zombie, before later beginning a solo career.[6] Zombie's debut album, Hellbilly Deluxe (1998), drew influence from classic horror films, as did his music videos for "Living Dead Girl" (1999) and "Superbeast" (1999).[7][8][9] The album was a commercial success, selling over three million copies in the United States.[10] Prior to working on House of 1000 Corpses, Zombie had done animation for Beavis and Butt-Head Do America (1996), directed music videos, and attempted to write a script for The Crow: Salvation to no avail.[11] In 1999, Zombie designed a haunted maze attraction for Universal Studios. The project was a success, and was seen as instrumental in reviving the studios annual Halloween Horror Nights. Bill Moseley presented Zombie an award for his contribution that same year, while Zombie formed a friendship with the company.[4] The studio later began working on an animated Frankenstein film which Zombie hoped to be a part of, though plans for the film were ultimately scrapped by the studio.[12]

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: Erin Daniels portrayed Denise Willis. Chris Hardwick was cast as Jerry Goldsmith, a young man who was seen as "hyper" and "wise-cracking".[23] The character Bill Hudley was portrayed by Rainn Wilson. House of 1000 Corpses served as one of Wilson's first films, though he would later go on to find mainstream success following the film's release.[24] Mary Knowles, Bill's girlfriend, was played by Jennifer Jostyn. Mary was seen as the most confrontational of the group, often clashing with Baby due to her flirtatious relationship with Bill. Harrison Young was selected to play Don Willis, the father of Denise who later goes looking for her and her group of friends. Tom Towles and Walton Goggins portrayed Lieutenant George Wydell and Deputy Steve Naish, respectively; the pair work with Don to find the missing group.[19]

title: List of Rob Zombie characters

text: Rob Zombie described Spaulding on the commentary for "House of 1000 Corpses" as a "lovable asshole" and wanted to make the character's motivations and connection to the Firefly family ambiguous. Because Spaulding never interacts or talks to any members of the murderous Firefly family, it is never fully explained in the movie at just how much Spaulding knows about the family; if he is in league with them, or if he is just a murderous vigilante unconnected to the Firefly clan (in the film's opening scene, he shoots and kills two burglars attempting to rob his store). Although, in one of the final scenes in the film, Spaulding is shown driving a car in which Otis Driftwood is hiding in the backseat ready to claim another victim. He is described in the script for "Corpses" as a "crusty looking old man in a filthy clown suit and smeared make-up". He has the words "LOVE" and "HATE" tattooed on his knuckles, a reference to the character Reverend Harry Powell from "Night of the Hunter". Just as several characters from the series are named after characters from the Marx Brothers films, Spaulding is named for Groucho Marx's character from "Animal Crackers".

title: Streets of Fire

text: Gross and Hill would work out their ideas in detail. Gross would do a draft and Hill would rewrite it. "He did not love creating scripts from scratch; he loved rewriting." However, by this stage Gross and Hill had worked together so closely Gross says "I began to develop a strong sense for knowing how to sound like he did."

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: The first public screening of the film occurred in Argentina on March 13, 2003. House of 1000 Corpses received its theatrical release on April 11, 2003. The film made its debut in the United Kingdom at Fright Fest, and was the fastest selling event of the night.[13] House of 1000 Corpses grossed $3,460,666 on a limited opening weekend, while boasting $2,522,026 on its official opening. The film opened in second at the box office, behind the comedy film Anger Management (2003).[13] It went on to gross $12,634,962 in the United States alone, with an additional $4,194,583 accumulated worldwide. The film's reported gross is $16,829,545. According to Zombie, Lions Gate Entertainment made back their investment on the film on the first day, and shortly afterwards approached Zombie about a sequel to the film.[13] Having already begun developing ideas for a sequel, Zombie quickly began work on a follow-up.

title: Mile High Horror Film Festival

text: Sid Haig from The Devil's Rejects and House of 1000 Corpses

title: Sedlec Ossuary

text: The ossuary was also the influence for Dr. Satan's lair in the Rob Zombie film "House of 1000 Corpses".

title: Marcus Gross

text: He represented his country also at the 2016 Summer Olympics and won two gold medals, in K-2 1000 metres and K-4 1000 m events. In the K-2 1000 metres he competed with Max Rendschmidt, while the K-4 team consisted of Gross, Rendschmidt, Tom Liebscher and Max Hoff. That year Gross and Hoff also won the European K2 1000 m event. In 2017, they retained the European title.

title: Marcus Gross

text: Having missed out on the title at the 2017 World Championships, Gross and Hoff won the K2 1000 m at the 2018 World Championships. At the 2018 European Championships, Gross and Hoff won a silver medal in the K2 1000 m.

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: The names of members of the Firefly family were taken from the names of Groucho Marx characters. Captain Spaulding was a character in Animal Crackers (1930), Otis B. Driftwood was a character in A Night at the Opera (1935), Rufus T. Firefly was taken from Duck Soup (1933), and lastly Hugo Z. Hackenbush derived from A Day at the Races (1937). Despite only allusions to this being made in House of 1000 Corpses, it is more prevalent in the film's sequel, with the names becoming integral to the plot.[23] Zombie acknowledged that viewers were meant to "root for" the Firefly family as opposed to the group of teens, though claims it wasn't intentional: "Yeah, I wanted the audience to cheer 'em. I didn't consciously think of it at the time, because I was trying to make Bill and Jerry likeable. But it's like when you saw Beetlejuice and you could tell all Tim Burton cared about was Beetlejuice."[15]

title: List of Rob Zombie characters

text: These are some of the characters from Rob Zombie's "House of 1000 Corpses", "The Devil's Rejects", and "3 From Hell".

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: on IMDb at Box Office Mojo at Rotten Tomatoes at Metacritic

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: Initially filmed in 2000, House of 1000 Corpses was purchased by Universal Pictures, thus a large portion of it was filmed on the Universal Studios backlots. The film was made with a budget of $7 million. Zombie worked with Scott Humphrey on the score of the film. House of 1000 Corpses featured a graphic amount of blood and gore, and controversial scenes involving masturbation and necrophilia. The project was ultimately shelved by the company prior to its release due to fears of an NC-17 rating.[4] Zombie later managed to re-purchase the rights to the work, eventually selling it to Lions Gate Entertainment. The film received a theatrical release on April 11, 2003, nearly three years after filming had concluded.

title: The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (film)

text: The house was also featured in Rob Zombie's 2003 horror film "House of 1000 Corpses".

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: Since its initial release, the film has gone on to gain a cult following.[48][49][50][51] In his 2007 review of the Blu-ray release, Christopher Monfette of IGN called the film "fun as hell", writing "House of 1000 Corpses is a messy film—veering this way and that across the genre map with no discernible destination. But viewed less a movie and more as an experience, the film offers a certain degree of inspired insanity and a healthy dose of carnival-like madness".[52] Zombie has acknowledged the film's cult status, stating "Now, a decade later, it's become a pretty loved movie among people. It's great that we have this big celebration. I love seeing Sid Haig and the other actors get such great attention from it. The funny thing is, ten years becomes a long time. I'll meet someone who's eighteen-years-old, and that's always been a film that they've loved. It's funny that the film's been around that long to be like that for some people."[53] CinemaBlend also wrote of the film's cult status, stating "While his Halloween films were a mess, Zombie did bring something new with his original films House of 1000 Corpses and The Devil's Rejects, developing a cult following for his movies on top of the one he earned for his music. Say what you will about him as a director, but there's no denying that he has a unique vision."[54] Zombie has gone on to dismiss the film following its release, saying "The first film [I directed], which people seems to love, is just a calamitous mess. Well, when it came out it seemed like everyone hated it. Now everyone acts like it's beloved in some way. All I see is flaw, upon flaw, upon flaw... upon flaw."[55] The success of the film led to a sequel, released in 2005, and later a seasonal haunted house attraction at Universal Studios Hollywood.[56]

title: The Devil's Rejects

text: When Rob Zombie wrote "House of 1000 Corpses", he had a "vague idea for a story" about the brother of the sheriff that the Firefly clan killed coming back for revenge. After Lions Gate Entertainment made back all of their money on the first day of "Corpses"' theatrical release, they wanted Zombie to make another film and he started to seriously think about a new story. With "Rejects", Zombie has said that he wanted to make it "more horrific" and the characters less cartoonish than in "Corpses", and that he wanted "to make something that was almost like a violent western. Sort of like a road movie." He has also cited films like "Bonnie and Clyde" (1967), "The Wild Bunch" (1969), "Badlands" (1973) and "The Texas Chain Saw Massacre" (1974) as influences on "Rejects". When he approached William Forsythe about doing the film, he told the actor that the inspiration for how to portray his character came from actors like Lee Marvin and Robert Shaw. Sheri Moon Zombie does not see the film as a sequel: "It's more like some of the characters from "House of 1000 Corpses" came on over, and now they're the Devil's Rejects."

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: House of 1000 Corpses received a generally negative critical reception upon its release. Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that the film "lives up to the spirit but not the quality of its inspirations" and is ultimately a "cheesy and ultragory exploitation horror flick" and "strangely devoid of thrills, shocks or horror."[37] Clint Morris of Film Threat slammed the film as "an hour and a half of undecipherable plot" and found the film to be "sickening" overall.[5] James Brundage of Filmcritic.com wrote that the film was simply "hick after hick, cheap scary image after cheap scary image, lots of southern accents and psychotic murders," and was "too highbrow to be a good cheap horror movie, too lowbrow to be satire, and too boring to bear the value of the ticket."[38] Slant Magazine gave the film two out of four stars, stating "If not for the blink-and-miss sideshow attractions and stockpile of memorable quotes, [House of] 1000 Corpses would have been easier to shrug off. This vintage curio is proudly and humorously derivative but that familiar aftertaste is that of wasted opportunities."[39] The New York Times also had a negative review of the film, writing "As much as film buffs might enjoy recognizing references to Motel Hell and other drive-in classics, Mr. Zombie's encyclopedic approach to the genre results in a crowded, frenzied film in which no single idea is developed to a satisfying payoff." [40] The review also criticized the cutaway scenes and home footage used throughout the film, adding "Mr. Zombie is both too much of a stylist, always cutting away to oddball inserts, black-and-white flashbacks, negative images and much else, and too little: he is not in enough control of his means to let a mood grow and fester. And festering is what this kind of film is all about."[40]

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: The score for the film was composed by Zombie, alongside Canadian producer Scott Humphrey. Much of the production work for the soundtrack to the film was done in Humphrey's studio, The Chop Shop.[25][26] The film's score featured similar musical themes to Zombie's releases, consisting of heavy metal influences. MTV said the music mixed "snippets of ominous hillbilly dialogue with grim horror movie rock."[27] While making the movie, Zombie joked with his manager that he should do a cover of "Brick House" (1977), originally performed by Commodores. His manager later got both Lionel Richie and rapper Trina to appear on a cover of the song with Zombie, under the title "Brick House 2003".[27] Aside from making audio clips and snippets for the film, Zombie recorded a variety of new songs for the film's soundtrack. The song "House of 1000 Corpses", taken from Zombie's album The Sinister Urge (2001), is also present.[28] The soundtrack, released on March 25, 2003, made an appearance on the Billboard 200 chart in the United States. The soundtrack to the film is isolated on home video releases of the film as a separate audio track.

title: House of 1000 Corpses (soundtrack)

text: House of 1000 Corpses is the soundtrack album for the movie "House of 1000 Corpses", directed by Rob Zombie. It includes artists such as Buck Owens, Helen Kane, The Ramones, Lionel Richie, Slim Whitman, Trina, Scott Humphrey and Zombie himself, along with numerous instrumentals and audio samples taken from the movie.Album - Billboard (North America)

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: The idea for House of 1000 Corpses came to Zombie while designing a haunted house attraction for the studio titled "The House of 1000 Corpses".[12] This gave Zombie the initial idea for the film, which he later pitched to Universal to a positive reception.[12] Zombie later stated "I was in the office of the head of production or something and he asked me if I had any movie ideas and I pitched him Corpses, which was very rough at the time, because I wasn't ready and I made it up on the spot. He liked it, I went home, wrote a 12-page treatment and met up with them. Two months later, we were shooting."[13] Production on the film began in May 2000.[4] Zombie stated that the film was finished by Halloween of 2000.[12] The house was launched the following year, though the title was changed to "American Nightmare" due to the shelving of the film.[12] Despite the name change, the house still featured numerous references to the film, and the theatrical trailer played while customers waited.[12]

title: Captain Spaulding

text: Rob Zombie used the character's name for a major character in his film "House of 1000 Corpses" and its sequel "The Devil's Rejects".

title: London FrightFest Film Festival

text: Monday "House of the Dead" + short "The Last Dream", "Between Your Legs", "Fear X" with Nicolas Winding Refn, "House of 1000 Corpses" with Dir. Rob Zombie.

title: Robert Mukes

text: The 6' 10" actor is best known for his role as Rufus "R.J." Firefly, Jr. in "House of 1000 Corpses"— a role he did not reprise in the sequel "Devil's Rejects." Mukes is also known for his role as eskimo bounty hunter Abumchuck in the TV series "Weeds" and his recent work on HBO's TV series, "Westworld".

title: House of 1000 Corpses

text: House of 1000 Corpses is a 2003 American exploitation horror film written, co-scored and directed by Rob Zombie in his directorial debut. The film stars Sid Haig, Bill Moseley, Sheri Moon, and Karen Black as members of the Firefly family. Set on Halloween, the film sees the Firefly family torturing and mutilating a group of teenagers who are traveling across the country writing a book. The film explores a number of genres, and features elements of the supernatural. Zombie cited American horror films The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974) and The Hills Have Eyes (1977) as influences on House of 1000 Corpses, as well as other films released during the 1970s.[3]

title: Brick House (song)

text: "Brick House" was also covered in 2003 by Rob Zombie on the "House of 1000 Corpses" Soundtrack and released as a promo single. The song can also be found on Zombie's "Past, Present & Future" album. In the song, Zombie collaborates with Lionel Richie (who did not sing on the original version) and Trina on vocals.

title: House of 1000 Corpses (song)

text: The song also makes an appearance on Zombie's greatest hits album "The Best of Rob Zombie".

title: House of 1000 Corpses (song)

text: "House of 1000 Corpses" is the final track on Rob Zombie's second solo album "The Sinister Urge". The song was used in the 2003 horror movie of the same name, which was written and directed by Zombie.

title: Sid Haig

text: In 2003, Haig starred in Rob Zombie's debut film "House of 1000 Corpses", as Captain Spaulding. The role revived Haig's acting career, earning him a "Best Supporting Actor" award in the thirteenth Annual Fangoria Chainsaw Awards, and induction into the Horror Hall of Fame. His image as Captain Spaulding has become iconic in today's horror genre. Haig reprised his role as Spaulding in Zombie’s sequel to "House of 1000 Corpses", entitled "The Devil's Rejects"


query: When did Carl Friedrich Gauss live?

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (/ɡaʊs/; German: Gauß [ˈkaɐ̯l ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈɡaʊs](listen);[1][2] Latin: Carolus Fridericus Gauss; (30 April 1777–23 February 1855) was a German mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields in mathematics and sciences.[3] Sometimes referred to as the Princeps mathematicorum[4] (Latinfor "the foremost of mathematicians") and "the greatest mathematician since antiquity", Gauss had an exceptional influence in many fields of mathematics and science, and is ranked among history's most influential mathematicians.[5]

title: Gauss expedition

text: The "Gauss" expedition of 1901–1903 was the first German expedition to Antarctica. It was led by geologist Erich von Drygalski in the ship , named after the mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss.

title: Gauss's law for gravity

text: In physics, Gauss's law for gravity, also known as Gauss's flux theorem for gravity, is a law of physics that is essentially equivalent to Newton's law of universal gravitation. It is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss. Although Gauss's law for gravity is equivalent to Newton's law, there are many situations where Gauss's law for gravity offers a more convenient and simple way to do a calculation than Newton's law.

title: Gauss's lemma

text: Gauss's lemma can mean any of several lemmas named after Carl Friedrich Gauss:

title: Gauss sum

text: The case originally considered by Carl Friedrich Gauss was the quadratic Gauss sum, for the field of residues modulo a prime number , and the Legendre symbol. In this case Gauss proved that or for congruent to 1 or 3 modulo 4 respectively (the quadratic Gauss sum can also be evaluated by Fourier analysis as well as by contour integration).

title: Gauss–Newton algorithm

text: The method is named after the mathematicians Carl Friedrich Gauss and Isaac Newton, and first appeared in Gauss' 1809 work "Theoria motus corporum coelestium in sectionibus conicis solem ambientum".

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: In 2007 a bust of Gauss was placed in the Walhalla temple.[72]

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Though he did take in a few students, Gauss was known to dislike teaching. It is said that he attended only a single scientific conference, which was in Berlin in 1828. However, several of his students became influential mathematicians, among them Richard Dedekind and Bernhard Riemann.

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: On Gauss's recommendation, Friedrich Bessel was awarded an honorary doctor degree from Göttingen in March 1811.[50] Around that time, the two men engaged in an epistolary correspondence.[51] However, when they met in person in 1825, they quarrelled; the details are unknown.[52]

title: Generalized Gauss–Bonnet theorem

text: In mathematics, the generalized Gauss–Bonnet theorem (also called Chern–Gauss–Bonnet theorem after Shiing-Shen Chern, Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre Ossian Bonnet) presents the Euler characteristic of a closed even-dimensional Riemannian manifold as an integral of a certain polynomial derived from its curvature. It is a direct generalization of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem (named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre Ossian Bonnet) to higher dimensions.

title: Johann Friedrich Pfaff

text: He studied mathematical series and integral calculus, and is noted for his work on partial differential equations of the first order Pfaffian systems, as they are now called, which became part of the theory of differential forms; and as Carl Friedrich Gauss's formal research supervisor. He knew Gauss well, when they both lived together in Helmstedt in 1798. August Möbius was later his student.

title: Gauss–Jacobi quadrature

text: In numerical analysis, Gauss–Jacobi quadrature (named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi) is a method of numerical quadrature based on Gaussian quadrature. Gauss–Jacobi quadrature can be used to approximate integrals of the form

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Carl Friedrich Gauss, who also introduced the so called Gaussian logarithms, sometimes gets confused with Friedrich Gustav Gauss (1829–1915), a German geologist, who also published some well-known logarithm tables used up into the early 1980s.[75]

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Carl Gauss was an ardent perfectionist and a hard worker. He was never a prolific writer, refusing to publish work which he did not consider complete and above criticism. This was in keeping with his personal motto pauca sed matura ("few, but ripe"). His personal diaries indicate that he had made several important mathematical discoveries years or decades before his contemporaries published them. Scottish-American mathematician and writer Eric Temple Bell said that if Gauss had published all of his discoveries in a timely manner, he would have advanced mathematics by fifty years.[49]

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: The numerous things named in honor of Gauss include:

title: Gauss–Krüger coordinate system

text: In cartography, the term Gauss–Krüger, named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Johann Heinrich Louis Krüger, is used in three slightly different ways.

title: Gauss (disambiguation)

text: Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) was a German mathematician and physicist.

title: Carl Wolfgang Benjamin Goldschmidt

text: A student of Carl Friedrich Gauss and an assistant to Gauss at the university observatory, Goldschmidt frequently collaborated with Gauss on various mathematical and scientific works. Goldschmidt was in turn a professor of Gauss's protegé Bernhard Riemann. Data gathered by Gauss and Goldschmidt on the growth of the logarithmic integral compared to the distribution of prime numbers was cited by Riemann in "On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given Magnitude", Riemann's seminal paper on the prime-counting function.

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Dunnington further elaborates on Gauss's religious views by writing:

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Apart from his correspondence, there are not many known details about Gauss's personal creed. Many biographers of Gauss disagree about his religious stance, with Bühler and others considering him a deist with very unorthodox views,[32][33][34] while Dunnington (though admitting that Gauss did not believe literally in all Christian dogmas and that it is unknown what he believed on most doctrinal and confessional questions) points out that he was, at least, a nominal Lutheran.[35]

title: Gauss–Laguerre quadrature

text: In numerical analysis Gauss–Laguerre quadrature (named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Edmond Laguerre) is an extension of the Gaussian quadrature method for approximating the value of integrals of the following kind:

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss

text: Gaussian elimination German inventors and discoverers List of things named after Carl Friedrich Gauss Romanticism in science Seconds pendulum

text:
Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) is the eponym of all of the topics listed below.
There are over 100 topics all named after this German mathematician and scientist, all in the fields of mathematics, physics, and astronomy.

title: Gauss Lectureship

text: The Gauss Lectureship ("Gauß-Vorlesung") is an annually awarded mathematical distinction, named in honor of Carl Friedrich Gauss. It was established in 2001 by the German Mathematical Society with a series of lectures for a broad audience.

title: Göttingen Observatory

text: Carl Friedrich Gauss became the first director of the Observatory, and lived there between 1815 and 1855. Gauss arranged for the installation of two meridian circles (produced by Johann Georg Repsold and Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach in 1818 and 1919.

title: Gauss–Bonnet gravity

text: In general relativity, Gauss–Bonnet gravity, also referred to as Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity, is a modification of the Einstein–Hilbert action to include the Gauss–Bonnet term (named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre Ossian Bonnet) formula_1

title: Weierstrass transform

text: Weierstrass used this transform in his original proof of the Weierstrass approximation theorem. It is also known as the Gauss transform or Gauss–Weierstrass transform after Carl Friedrich Gauss and as the Hille transform after Einar Carl Hille who studied it extensively. The generalization "W" mentioned below is known in signal analysis as a Gaussian filter and in image processing (when implemented on R) as a Gaussian blur.

title: Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize

text: The Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize for Applications of Mathematics is a mathematics award, granted jointly by the International Mathematical Union and the German Mathematical Society for "outstanding mathematical contributions that have found significant applications outside of mathematics". The award receives its name from the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss. With its premiere in 2006, it is to be awarded every fourth year, at the International Congress of Mathematicians.

title: Wilhelm Jordan (geodesist)

text: Evidence suggests that B.-I. Clasen also developed the Gauss–Jordan elimination method (independently from Jordan), and both published the method in 1888. Carl Friedrich Gauss did not directly contribute to either derivation.

title: Gauss's inequality

text: The theorem was first proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1823.


query: Was Picasso a sculptor?

title: Pablo Picasso

text: Pablo Ruiz Picasso (/pɪˈkɑːsoʊ, -ˈkæsoʊ/;[2] Spanish:[ˈpaβlo piˈkaso]; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and playwright who spent most of his adult life in France. Regarded as one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture,[3][4] the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and Guernica (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica by the German and Italian airforces during the Spanish Civil War.

title: Vollard Suite

text: The suite begins with prints exploring the theme of the sculptor's studio, Picasso's mistress, Marie-Thérèse Walter, is portrayed as a model lying in the arms of a bearded sculptor. Picasso had recently been inspired by Marie-Thérèse to create a series of monumental bronze heads in the neoclassical style. Picasso had also recently been commissioned by the publisher Albert Skira in 1928 to create original intaglio prints for his translation of Ovid's "Metamorphoses", which appeared in 1931.

title: Manolo (sculptor)

text: Manuel Martinez Hugué, better known simply as Manolo (29 April 1872 – 17 November 1945), was a Catalan Spanish sculptor in the noucentisme movement. Although a friend of Pablo Picasso, his style was much closer to that of Aristide Maillol.

title: Robert Clatworthy (sculptor)

text: Clatworthy is considered one of the informal Geometry of Fear group of sculptors, so named by Herbert Read in 1952. Many of Clatworthy's sculptures are bronzes of animals, often with heavilytextured surfaces. His first solo show was at the Hanover Gallery in 1954, and in 1959 his work was shown there with that of Arp, César, Giacometti, Matisse and Picasso.

title: Les Noces de Pierrette

text: Les Noces de Pierrette (English:"The marriage of Pierrette") is a 1905 painting by the Spanish artist and sculptor Pablo Picasso. While belonging chronologically to Picasso's Rose Period, it is artistically characteristic of the Blue Period, when the artist faced poverty and depression following the suicide of his friend Carlos Casagemas in 1901.

title: Constantine Andreou

text: Andreou had his first exhibition in Paris in 1951, where he demonstrated the transformation of his style. In the group exhibition "Seven Greek Sculptors", Andreou was characterized as "the most famous Greek sculptor in the capital with a rich, varied and successful work". By the end of the decade, Andreou was widely known in the French art scene and considered an equal to Mondrian, Picasso and Gastaud. In 1982, he was given the lead as chairman of the Paris "Autumn Salon" for sculpture.

title: Auguste Rodin

text: Rodin had enormous artistic influence. A whole generation of sculptors studied in his workshop. These include Gutzon Borglum, Antoine Bourdelle, Constantin Brancusi, Camille Claudel, Charles Despiau, Malvina Hoffman, Carl Milles, François Pompon, Rodo, Gustav Vigeland, and Clara Westhoff, even though Brancusi later rejected his legacy. Rodin also promoted the work of other sculptors, including Aristide Maillol and Ivan Meštrović whom Rodin once called "the greatest phenomenon amongst sculptors." Other sculptors whose work has been described as owing to Rodin include Joseph Csaky, Alexander Archipenko, Joseph Bernard, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, Georg Kolbe, Wilhelm Lehmbruck, Jacques Lipchitz, Pablo Picasso, Adolfo Wildt, and Ossip Zadkine. Henry Moore acknowledged Rodin's seminal influence on his work.

title: Michel Sima

text: Following Picasso's advice, Sima turns to photography. He's too weak to work as a full-time sculptor, but he continued creating small pieces and engravings, and working in ceramic.

title: Pablo Picasso

text: Picasso's influence was and remains immense and widely acknowledged by his admirers and detractors alike. On the occasion of his 1939 retrospective at MoMA, Life magazine wrote: "During the 25 years he has dominated modern European art, his enemies say he has been a corrupting influence. With equal violence, his friends say he is the greatest artist alive."[91] In 1998, Robert Hughes wrote of him: "To say that Pablo Picasso dominated Western art in the 20th century is, by now, the merest commonplace. ... No painter or sculptor, not even Michelangelo, had been as famous as this in his own lifetime. ... Though Marcel Duchamp, that cunning old fox of conceptual irony, has certainly had more influence on nominally vanguard art over the past 30 years than Picasso, the Spaniard was the last great beneficiary of the belief that the language of painting and sculpture really mattered to people other than their devotees."[92]

title: Manolo (sculptor)

text: Manolo was born in Barcelona in 1872, the son of a general who soon abandoned his child to go fight in the Ten Years' War, and of a mother who died when Manolo was still young. He was friends with Pablo Picasso and a part of the circle at the 4 Gats, and lived in Paris from 1900 to 1909, where he was one of the people welcoming Picasso and introducing him to the artistic circles of the city. He was one of Picasso’s closest friends at the Bateau Lavoir, together with people like Guillaume Apollinaire and Max Jacob.

title: Noucentisme

text: Painters and sculptors of the Noucentista period are Joaquim Sunyer, Joaquín Torres-García and Manolo Hugué (who was a close friend of Picasso).

title: Paul Gauguin

text: According to Gauguin biographer David Sweetman, Picasso as early as 1902 became a fan of Gauguin's work when he met and befriended the expatriate Spanish sculptor and ceramist Paco Durrio (1875–1940), in Paris. Durrio had several of Gauguin's works on hand because he was a friend of Gauguin's and an unpaid agent of his work. Durrio tried to help his poverty-stricken friend in Tahiti by promoting his oeuvre in Paris. After they met, Durrio introduced Picasso to Gauguin's stoneware, helped Picasso make some ceramic pieces and gave Picasso a first "La Plume" edition of "Noa Noa: The Tahiti Journal of Paul Gauguin." In addition to seeing Gauguin's work at Durrio's, Picasso also saw the work at Ambroise Vollard's gallery where both he and Gauguin were represented.

title: Carl Nesjar

text: Carl Nesjar (né Carlsen; 6 July 1920 – 23 May 2015) was a Norwegian painter, sculptor and graphic artist. He is best known for his collaborations with Pablo Picasso; serving for nearly twenty years as Picasso's chosen fabricator — the artist who turned Picasso's drawings and scale models into large public sculptures. One such work was Picasso's Regjeringskvartalet murals which are located in Oslo, the city where Nesjar lived for most of his life. He is also known for his series of "Ice Fountains” which can be found in cities around the world.

title: Julio González (sculptor)

text: By the turn of the 20th century, Pablo Picasso and Julio González became great friends. González moved to Paris in 1902, but traveled to Barcelona several times in the early 20th century. At the Picasso Museum in Barcelona, their close friendship is verified by a drawn portrait, entitled "Julio González and the Robust Man Seen from Behind". They remained close friends until 1908; scholars do not know why their friendship ended at this time, but based on González archival materials, it appears to be related to previous dispute with Julio's brother, Joan.

title: Eugène Carrière

text: Eugène Anatole Carrière (16 January 1849 – 27 March 1906) was a French Symbolist artist of the "Fin de siècle" period. His paintings are best known for their brown monochrome palette. He was a close friend of the sculptor Rodin and his work influenced Picasso. Some see traces of Carrière's monochrome style in Picasso's Blue Period.

title: Betograve

text: Betograve is a type of concrete sculpting. A document published by the Nasher Sculpture Center says that betograve "...involves first pouring concrete into a form tightly packed with gravel, and, once set, precisely sand-blasting the surface of the concrete to expose the gravel beneath it". This "unique system of concrete placement" was first used by Carl Nesjar, a Norwegian painter, printmaker and sculptor. When Nesjar introduced the technique to Pablo Picasso, Picasso created a sculpture based on his folded sheet metal "Head of a Woman" ("Tête de femme"). The resulting piece "inaugurated a working relationship between Picasso and Nesjar that produced twenty-four works and lasted for the rest of Picasso's life".

title: Alberto Giacometti

text: In 1922, he moved to Paris to study under the sculptor Antoine Bourdelle, an associate of Rodin. It was there that Giacometti experimented with Cubism and Surrealism and came to be regarded as one of the leading Surrealist sculptors. Among his associates were Miró, Max Ernst, Picasso, Bror Hjorth, and Balthus.

title: Juan Picasso González

text: He was the second-degree uncle of the worldwide famous painter and sculptor Pablo Picasso, through one of his Picasso family nieces.

title: Modern sculpture

text: Cubist sculpture, in the early 20th century, was a style that developed in parallel with cubist painting, and the formal experiments of Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso. Beginning around 1909 and evolving through the early 1920s cubist artists developed new means of constructing works of art using collage, sculptural assemblage using disparate materials and traditional sculpture making from plaster and clay molds. Some sources name Picasso's 1909 bronze "Head of a Woman" as the first cubist sculpture. Artists like Raymond Duchamp-Villon (1876-1918), whose career was cut short by his death in military service, and Alexander Archipenko, who'd arrived in Paris in 1908 and whose 1912 "Walking Woman" were very quick to follow Braque and Picasso's lead. Joseph Csaky, a sculptor from Hungary, exhibited his first cubist sculptures in Paris in 1911. Duchamp-Villon, Jacques Lipchitz, Henri Laurens and Ossip Zadkine and others joined the earlier cubist sculptors.

title: Fundación Picasso

text: The Fundación Picasso is distinct from the former Fundación Paul, Christine y Bernard Ruiz-Picasso ("Paul, Christine and Bernard Ruiz-Picasso Foundation") and Fundación Museo Picasso Málaga ("Malaga Picasso Museum Foundation"), both associated with the much larger Museo Picasso Málaga. Those two foundations merged in December 2009 to form the "Fundación Museo Picasso Málaga. Legado Paul, Christine y Bernard Ruiz-Picasso" ("Museo Picasso Málaga Foundation. The Paul, Christine and Bernard Ruiz Picasso Legacy").

title: Louis Bancel (sculptor)

text: Citing moderns like Picasso, Matisse and Laurens, but also the primitive sculptures from the Cyclades, Bancel's work on forms and design gradually evolved towards purity and simplicity.

title: Les Demoiselles d'Avignon

text: According to Gauguin biographer David Sweetman, Pablo Picasso as early as 1902 became an aficionado of Gauguin's work when he met and befriended the expatriate Spanish sculptor and ceramist Paco Durrio (1875–1940), in Paris. Durrio had several of Gauguin's works on hand because he was a friend of Gauguin's and an unpaid agent of his work. Durrio tried to help his poverty-stricken friend in Tahiti by promoting his oeuvre in Paris. After they met Durrio introduced Picasso to Gauguin's stoneware, helped Picasso make some ceramic pieces and gave Picasso a first "La Plume" edition of "Noa Noa: The Tahiti Journal of Paul Gauguin."

title: Georges Braque

text: Georges Braque (; ; 13 May 1882 – 31 August 1963) was a major 20th-century French painter, collagist, draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor. His most important contributions to the history of art were in his alliance with Fauvism from 1906, and the role he played in the development of Cubism. Braque’s work between 1908 and 1912 is closely associated with that of his colleague Pablo Picasso. Their respective Cubist works were indistinguishable for many years, yet the quiet nature of Braque was partially eclipsed by the fame and notoriety of Picasso.

title: Montblanc, Tarragona

text: Maties Palau Ferré (1921-2000), painter and sculptor, disciple of Pablo Picasso, was born and died in Montblanc.

title: Arts Club of Chicago

text: The club has exhibited an impressive number of well-known 20th century visual artists. Many of the century's most controversial artists made their United States or midwest solo exhibition debuts at the club including: Alexander Calder, Marc Chagall, Salvador Dalí, Jean Dubuffet, Pablo Picasso, Jackson Pollock, Auguste Rodin, Georges Seurat, and Henri Toulouse-Lautrec. In addition, many artists have given lectures at the Club, including Martha Graham, Kathleen Battle, Leonard Bernstein, Kenneth Branagh and Robert Altman. Aside from visual artists, the Club also has hosted lectures and performances from such prominent musicians as John Cage, Philip Glass, Ramsey Lewis and Igor Stravinsky, and poets W. H. Auden, Gertrude Stein and William Butler Yeats. Most notable among these exhibitions was Picasso's first United States solo exhibition, "Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso" from March 20 to April 22, 1923, by the Arts Club at its installation at the Art Institute of Chicago. (Picasso's work had first been shown the US in a group show in New York curated by Edward Steichen in 1911.) In the 1930s, when Isamu Noguchi was still known as a sculptor, they hosted him. In 1970 when Varujan Boghosian was a timely sculptor known for depicting the legend of orpheus, The Arts Club hosted a showing.

title: Michael Bolus

text: Bolus was part of a generation of sculptors inspired by the constructivist work made by Julio González and Pablo Picasso and continued by David Smith and Anthony Caro. The work of these sculptors rejected the plinth and asserted the work as part of the world rather than separate from it. He studied with David Annesley, Tim Scott, William G. Tucker, Phillip King and Isaac Witkin. These Sculptors first attracted widespread attention at the New Generation exhibition in London's Whitechapel gallery in 1965.

title: Pablo Picasso

text: Picasso was one of 250 sculptors who exhibited in the 3rd Sculpture International held at the Philadelphia Museum of Art in mid-1949. In the 1950s, Picasso's style changed once again, as he took to producing reinterpretations of the art of the great masters. He made a series of works based on Velázquez's painting of Las Meninas. He also based paintings on works by Goya, Poussin, Manet, Courbet and Delacroix.

title: Fundación Picasso

text: Besides their collection of works by Picasso, the museum also has a collection of the work of the philosopher, inventor, and kinetic sculptor Frank Rebaxes and a collection of sketches by Luis Molledo. There is also a large collection of works by other artists, with a particular emphasis on engravings. There are engravings by Pablo Palazuelo, Manuel Hernández Mompó, Eduardo Arroyo, Rafael Canogar, Manuel Rivera, Arman, Alfonso Albacete, Manuel Quejido and Marc Chagall, and other graphic works by Joan Miró, Christo, Francis Bacon, Joan Brossa, Max Ernst, Antoni Tàpies, Eduardo Chillida, Perejaume, Jaume Plensa, Dokoupil, Oswaldo Guayasamín, Josep Guinovart, Wifredo Lam, Roberto Matta, Henry Moore and others. There are also works by local Malagan artists Manuel Barbadillo, Enrique Brinkmann, Eugenio Chicano, Jorge Lindell, Francisco Peinado, and Dámaso Ruano; works by Carlos Durán, Joaquín de Molina, Diego Santos, and Joaquín Gallego; works by the winners of the Beca Pablo Ruiz Picasso a las Artes Plásticas (Pablo Ruiz Picasso Scholarship for the Plastic Arts); and a small collection of sculpture.

title: Julio González (sculptor)

text: In Paris he associated with the Spanish circle of artists of Montmartre, including Pablo Gargallo, Juan Gris and Max Jacob. In 1918, he developed an interest in the artistic possibilities of welding, after learning the technique whilst working in the Renault factory at Boulogne-Billancourt. This technique would subsequently become his principal contribution to sculpture, though during this period he also painted and —especially— created jewellery pieces. In 1920 he renewed his acquaintance with Picasso, for whom he later provided technical assistance in executing sculptures in iron, participating to Picasso's researches on analytic cubism. He also forged the infrastructures of Constantin Brâncuși's plasters. In the winter of 1927-28, he showed Picasso how to use oxy-fuel welding and cutting. When their friendship re-established itself, Picasso and González collaborated on a piece called "Woman in the Garden" between 1928-1930. From October 1928 till 1932, both men worked together—and in 1932, González was the only artist with whom Picasso shared his own personal art carnet. Influenced by Picasso, the fifty-year-old González deeply changed his style, exchanging bronze for iron, and volumes for lines. González began to formalize a new visual language in sculpture that would change the course of his career.

title: John Golding (artist and writer)

text: As a curator he was known for two important exhibitions mounted at the Tate Gallery in London; "Picasso: Sculptor/Painter" in 1994 and "Mattisse/ Picasso" in 2002–3, which then voyaged on to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.

title: Sculpture

text: Modernist sculptors largely missed out on the huge boom in public art resulting from the demand for war memorials for the two World Wars, but from the 1950s the public and commissioning bodies became more comfortable with Modernist sculpture and large public commissions both abstract and figurative became common. Picasso was commissioned to make a maquette for a huge -high public sculpture, the so-called "Chicago Picasso" (1967). His design was ambiguous and somewhat controversial, and what the figure represents is not clear; it could be a bird, a horse, a woman or a totally abstract shape.


query: What is the population of Coral Gables, FL?

title: Coral Gables, Florida

text: Coral Gables, officially the City of Coral Gables, is a city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States, located southwest of Downtown Miami. The United States Census Bureau estimates conducted in 2017 yielded the city had a population of 51,095.[7] Coral Gables is home to the University of Miami.

title: Coral Gables, Florida

text: The University of Miami has been the largest employer in Coral Gables since the city's beginning.[22] Baptist Hospital of Miami is the second largest employer in Coral Gables. Bacardi has its headquarters with 300 employees at 2701 Le Jeune Road.[23] Capital Bank Financial has its headquarters in Coral Gables. Intelsat has its Latin American headquarters in Suite 1100 at One Alhambra Plaza.[24] Fresh Del Monte Produce has its headquarters in Coral Gables.[25] ExxonMobil has marine fuels operations in Suite 900 at One Alhambra Plaza in Coral Gables.[26] MasTec is located at 800 South Douglas Road.[27] Odebrecht Construction, Inc. has over 300 employees at its location at 201 Alhambra Circle.[28] American Airlines maintains the Ponce de Leon Travel Center at 901 Ponce De Leon Boulevard.[29] MoneyGram has its Miami Office in Coral Gables.[30] Dolphin Entertainment is an independent film studio that is located in Coral Gables.[31]

title: Florida Atlantic Owls baseball

text: NCAA Regional (Coral Gables, FL)

title: Orange Bowl (tennis)

text: Since 1962, the two younger age groups ('12 and under' and '14 and under') are held at a separate site in Coral Gables. Hence today, the Junior Orange Bowl is in Coral Gables. And the Orange Bowl (under 16 and under 18) has moved in 2011 from Miami to Plantation, FL thus changing surfaces from Hard Courts to Clay, the first time since 1998 that the tournament will be on clay.

title: Joseph Adler

text: As of the 2014-2015 season, Adler was in his seventeenth season at the GableStage in Coral Gables, FL. GableStage operates out of the historic Coral Gables Biltmore Hotel.

title: 1992 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament

text:
at "Coral Gables, FL
at "Austin, TX"

title: American Welding Society

text: In August 2012 the American Welding Society moved from their longtime headquarters just outside Coral Gables, FL to their current location in Doral, FL. During the grand opening of the new building, AWS President William Rice said "Our newly renovated five-story building in Doral offers us exactly what we need. It gives us more than three times the office and meeting space of our previous headquarters, and it provides room for our board, committee, and educational activities.”

title: Coral Gables, Florida

text: Hotel Colonnade in Coral Gables Biltmore Hotel Coral Gables Museum Coral Way Miracle Mile Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden University of Miami Venetian Pool Village of Merrick Park Coral Gables Villages Riviera Schools

title: List of Titan FC events

text: Titan FC 42 took place on December 2, 2016 at the Watsco Center in Coral Gables, FL, USA.

title: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

text:
"Founding Editor":
Herbert C. Quay, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL

title: Florida Atlantic Owls baseball

text: NCAA Regional (Coral Gables, FL)

title: Digital public square

text: Coral Gables, FL digital public square project

title: List of Titan FC events

text: Titan FC 39 took place on June 10, 2016 at the BankUnited Center in Coral Gables, FL, USA.

title: Coral Gables Open Invitational

text: The Coral Gables Open Invitational was a golf tournament on the PGA Tour from 1931 to 1937 and 1959 to 1962. It was played at what is now the Miami Biltmore Golf Course in Coral Gables, Florida. It was also known as the Miami Biltmore Open in the 1930s.

title: John C. Gifford Arboretum

text: The Coral Gables Planning Department will review and edit any plans for proposal for the suggested road through the Coral Gables UM campus. The overall design and impact on traffic will be taken into consideration and then proposed to the Coral Gables City Commission for final vote and approval. As of 2007 leading into 2008 and 2009, no plans for the proposed street were submitted to the Coral Gables Planning Department. Citing the University's cessation of all construction projects, the proposed street through the University of Miami's Coral Gables campus has been indefinitely postponed and is not a talking point within the Coral Gables community.

title: 1990 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament

text: "At Coral Gables, FL"

title: Coral Gables Preparatory Academy

text: Coral Gables Preparatory Academy, formerly Coral Gables Elementary School, is a public K-8 school in Coral Gables, Florida. A part of the Miami-Dade County Public Schools, it has its elementary school classes in the Lower Academy, in the former Coral Gables Elementary building, while the middle school classes are in the Upper Academy at the Merrick Educational Center. The school was given its current name in 2010.

title: List of Titan FC events

text: Titan FC 40 took place on August 5, 2016 at the BankUnited Center in Coral Gables, FL, USA.

title: Florida Atlantic Owls baseball

text: NCAA Regional (Coral Gables, FL)

title: Florida Atlantic Owls baseball

text: NCAA Regional (Coral Gables, FL)

title: Consuelo Castañeda

text: 1995 – She held the To Be Bilingual at the Fredric Snitzer Gallery in Coral Gables, FL USA.

title: Coral Gables, Florida

text: Miracle Mile in Downtown Coral Gables Miracle Theater on Miracle Mile Typical residential street in Coral Gables DeSoto Fountain Coral Gables City Hall with its statue of Merrick Venetian Pool is a Coral Gables public swimming pool. Giralda Avenue in Coral Gables Village of Merrick Park Alhambra Water Tower The Coral Gables Biltmore Hotel Miracle Theater on Miracle Mile Gardens at Merrick Park Ponce de Leon Boulevard Downtown Coral Gables along Alhambra Circle

title: Jerrold Kemp

text: University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fl. M.S 1952

title: Florida Atlantic Owls baseball

text: NCAA Regional (Coral Gables, FL)

title: Coral Gables Police and Fire Station

text: The Coral Gables Police and Fire Station (also known as the City of Coral Gables Public Safety Building) is a historic site in Coral Gables, Florida. Completed in 1939 as a Works Progress Administration project, it was designed by Phineas Paist. In 2003, steps are taken to preserve the building and its legacy and by 2011, it is reopened to the public as the Coral Gables Museum.

title: List of Titan FC events

text: Titan FC 41 took place on September 9, 2016 at the BankUnited Center in Coral Gables, FL, USA.

title: Coral Gables Branch Library

text: By the late 1960s the library needed a bigger venue. Therefore, groundbreaking began in 1968 for the 28,000 square-foot-structure built to replace the smaller former library structure on Ponce de Leon Boulevard, and the building was inaugurated in 1969. This building on University Drive and Segovia Street (Coral Gables, FL) is still home to the library. In 1966 the library became part of the Miami-Dade Public Library system.

title: Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine

text: In October 2014, The Lennar Foundation announced a $50 million naming donation for a new UHealth ambulatory services center located in Coral Gables, FL. To be located adjacent to the main University of Miami campus, the new Lennar Foundation Medical Center at UHealth Coral Gables will expand outpatient access to UHealth physicians in South Miami. Future plans include relocating the UMiami Student Health Center to the new facility as well.

title: Coral Gables Branch Library

text: The Coral Gables Branch Library is a branch of the Miami-Dade Public Library system, located at 3443 Segovia Street in Coral Gables, Florida. It was established by the Coral Gables Woman's Club in 1927.

title: Technological Research and Development Authority

text: Accelogic (Weston, FL); Advance Magnet Lab, Inc. (Palm Bay, FL); Aerotonomy (Ft. Oglethorpe, GA); AERONIX, Inc. (Melbourne, FL); AET, Inc. (Melbourne, FL); APECOR (Orlando, FL); Benedict Engineering Co., Inc. (Tallahassee, FL); CANVS Corp. (Coral Gables, FL); Cesaroni Technology, Inc. (Sarasota, FL); CFD Research Corp. (Huntsville, AL); Circular Logic (Boca Raton, Florida); Digital Authentication Technologies, Inc. (Boca Raton, Florida); Engineering Acoustics, Inc. (Casselberry, FL); Mainstream Engineering Corp. (Rockledge, FL); MtronPTI (Orlando, FL); NanoEngineering Corp. (Wellington, FL); Novel Engineering Solutions, Inc. (Ft. Walton Beach, FL); Photon-X (Huntsville, AL); RINI Technologies, Inc. (Orlando, FL); Securboration (Melbourne, FL); The Athena Group, Inc. (Gainesville, FL); Transgenex Nanobiotech, Inc. (Tampa, FL).