query: Who started the Russian empire?

title: Russian Empire

text: Though the Empire was only officially proclaimed by Tsar Peter I following the Treaty of Nystad (1721), some historians would argue that it was truly born either when Ivan III of Russia conquered Veliky Novgorod in 1478, or when Ivan the Terrible conquered the Khanate of Kazan in 1552. According to another point of view, the term Tsardom, which was used after the coronation of Ivan IV in 1547, was already a contemporary Russian word for empire.

title: Stanisław Olszewski

text: He was educated in Belgium, University of Liege. Upon his return to Poland (Privislinsky Krai, Russian Empire), he became one of technical directors in the Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein factory in Warsaw, and then the company's representative for all of Russian Empire. He also served as a general secretary of three Russian technological syndicates and simultaneously started his own company in Sankt Petersburg.

title: Empire of Japan–Russian Empire relations

text: In 1902 Japan and the British Empire forged the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, which would last until 1923. The purpose of this alliance was to contain the Russian Empire in East Asia. In response to this alliance, Russia formed a similar alliance with France and began to renege on agreements to reduce troop strength in Manchuria. From Russian perspective, it seemed inconceivable that Japan, a non-European power which was considered to be undeveloped (i.e. not-industrial), and almost bereft of natural resources, would challenge the Russian Empire. This view would change when Japan started and won the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05).

title: Belarusian history in the Russian Empire

text: The 1860s marked a turning point of Belarus in the Russian Empire. The emancipation of the serfs in 1861, followed by the January Uprising fully left the Polish influence on Belarus behind. A number of authors started publishing in the Belarusian language, including Jan Czeczot, Władysław Syrokomla and Konstanty Kalinowski. What followed was the Industrial Revolution under Alexander III and with it the arrival of the railways Peasants sought a better lot in growing industrial centres in Belarus and a further 1.5 million people leaving to other parts of the Empire in the half-century preceding the Russian Revolution of 1917.

title: Anti-Russian sentiment

text: Historically, Russia and Turkey fought a number of wars and had caused a great devastation for each nation. During the old Tsardom of Russia, the Ottomans often raided and attacked Russian villagers. With the transformation into Russian Empire, Russia started to expand and clashed heavily with the Turks; which Russia often won more than lost, and reduced the Ottoman Empire heavily. The series of wars had manifested the ideas among the Turks that Russia wanted to turn Turkey into a vassal state, leading to a high level of Russophobia in Turkey. In the 20th century, anti-Russian sentiment in Turkey was so great that the Russians refused to allow a Turkish military attache to accompany their armies. After the World War I, both Ottoman and Russian Empires collapsed, and two nations went on plagued by their own civil wars; during that time Soviet Russia (who would later become Soviet Union) supported Turkish Independence Movement led by Mustafa Kemal, leading to a warmer relations between two states, as newly established Turkish Republic maintained a formal tie with Soviet Union. But their warm relations didn't last long; after the World War II, the Bosphorus crisis occurred at 1946 due to Joseph Stalin's demand for a complete Soviet control of the straits led to resurgence of Russophobia in Turkey.

title: Ivan Samarin (actor)

text: Ivan Vasilyevich Samarin (, 19 January 1817, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, — 1885, Moscow, Russian Empire) was a Russian stage actor (later theatre director and playwright), associated with the Maly Theatre, who achieved his greatest success with the parts of Chatsky (from 1839 onwards) and later (starting from 1863) Famusov in Alexander Griboyedov's "Woe from Wit", as well as Khlestakov in Gogol's "Revizor". As a comic he excelled in several plays by William Shakespeare.

text: Tsar Alexander I of Russia had started a worldwide Russian representation mission under the lead of Adam Johann von Krusenstern (Russian: Крузенштерн). With Japan in mind, Nikolai Petrovich Rezanov was appointed to the mission. He was the founder of Russian–Siberian trade in fur and the ideal man to convince the Japanese.

title: Notes on Muscovite Affairs

text: "Muscovy" in the 16th century was the Russian state which separated itself from the Kievan Rus' after it fell apart. It evolved into the Russian Empire under Peter the Great starting at the end of the 17th century. Russia was the region, Muscovy was the state until it no longer included just Moscow. Muscovy was then ruled by the Muscovite monarchy, starting with Ivan III (1462–1505), who expanded Muscovy, and ending with Ivan IV, who claimed the title "Tsar of Russia".

title: Russian Armenia

text: Armenians played little role in the revolutionary movements of the Russian Empire until the 1880s. Until that point, the ideas of Grigor Artsruni, the editor of the Tbilisi-based newspaper "Mshak" ("The Cultivator"), enjoyed great popularity among the Armenian intelligentsia. Artsruni believed that life under the Russian Empire represented the "lesser evil" for his people. Russian Armenians were deeply concerned about the plight of their compatriots under the Persian and Ottoman Empires, especially the peasants of western Armenia who were mostly ignored by Ottoman Armenian intellectuals far away in Istanbul and Smyrna. Tbilisi and Yerevan were much more obvious choices for a base for promoting revolutionary activity among Armenians in the eastern Ottoman Empire. The importance of the unity of the Armenia, divided between three empires, ensured that Armenian political movements would have little in common with other political movements in the Russian Empire.

title: Mennonites

text: The "Russian Mennonites" (German: "Russlandmennoniten") today are of German language, tradition and ethnicity. They are descended from Dutch Anabaptists, who came from the Netherlands and started around 1530 to settle around Danzig and in West Prussia, where they lived for about 250 years. During that time they mixed with German Mennonites from different regions. Starting 1791 they established colonies in the south-west of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). Their ethno-language is Plautdietsch, a German dialect of the East Low German group, with some Dutch admixture. Today the majority of traditional Russian Mennonites uses Standard German in church and for reading and writing.

title: Danube–Black Sea Canal

text: The earliest plans for building this canal were in late 1830s. The Treaty of Adrianopol (September 14, 1829) canceled the trade monopoly of the Ottoman Empire in the Danubian Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, allowing these countries to build their own fleets by 1834. Both Romanian and non-Romanian ships used mostly the Danube port cities of Brăila and Galați, which saw an economic boom. But there were a number of barriers to this trade: the Ottomans controlled the navigation regime on the Danube, while the Russian Empire – the access to the Black Sea in the Danube Delta, and there was little the Danubian Principalities could do to rectify this situation. Both countries welcomed the Austrian Empire's 1834 decision, endorsed by Count István Széchenyi, to extend the route of the first pyroscaphe navigation company to the maritime Danube. The Austrian initiative was received unpleasantly by the Russians, who considered their trade through Odessa and ports in the Crimea threatened by the development of Brăila and Galați. Without resolving to direct measures, Russians, who controlled the Sulina branch, started to show rigidity, instituting on February 7, 1836 a compulsory quarantine on the island of Letea, collecting taxes to cover Russian financial deficit, and by not performing maintenance for the navigation on the Sulina branch to remove the continuous deposits of sand.

title: Yishan (official)

text: During the Second Opium War (1857–1860), Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky approached Yishan and offered to provide Russian assistance to the Qing Empire against the British and French, in return for redefining the Sino–Russian border along the Amur and Ussuri rivers. The Russians also put up a display of their military power by firing artillery shells along the Amur River. Yishan was terrified, but did not want to retaliate for fear of starting another war. In May 1858, the Russian and Qing Empires signed the Treaty of Aigun, which transferred the lands between the Stanovoy Range and Amur River to the Russian Empire. In 1860, the Russians intervened in the Convention of Beijing (which ended the Second Opium War), and forced the Qing Empire to further cede its territories east of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin, to them. The Xianfeng Emperor was enraged by the territorial losses to the Russians, so he dismissed Yishan from his office as General of Heilongjiang, despite the latter's attempts to explain himself. Yishan returned to Beijing to await further orders, but was soon back into service.

title: Assyrian genocide

text: The Ottoman Empire began massacring Assyrians in the nineteenth century, a time of friendly relations between the Ottomans and the British, who were defending the Ottomans from the Russian Empire's efforts to include under its protection the communities of Ottoman Orthodox Christians. In October 1914, the Ottoman Empire began deporting and massacring Assyrians and Armenians in Van. After attacking Russian cities and declaring war on Britain and France, the Empire declared a holy war on Christians. The German Kaiser and the German Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire directed and orchestrated the holy war, and financed the Ottomans' war against the Russian Empire.

title: Kyrgyz in China

text: Kyrgyz attitudes towards Russians was initially neutral as their first interaction with the Russian Empire was in the context of Russo-Kazakh fighting, specifically the Russian attack on the Khan of Kokand in the 1850’s. Prior to Russian expansion into traditional Kyrgyz lands, the Kazakhs had begun a series of raids on Kyrgyz settlements in an attempt to increase their authority in the region as well as drum up support and popularity amongst the local inhabitants. Thus upon the arrival of the Cossacks (who had been fighting against the Kazakhs since the 1730s), the Kyrgyz were excited to gain an ally that was militarily superior to the Kazakhs, despite also being militarily superior to themselves. In 1860 Cossacks from the Russian Empire sacked the city of Bishkek, the centre of Kyrgyz life, and annexed the region for the empire. Despite the taking of their capital city, the Kyrgyz were supportive of the Russians. This is due to the fact that the Kyrgyz had grown to dislike their Khan, who had in turn been put in place by the Kazakhs, whom the Tsar hoped to depose. By 1865 the Kyrgyz were fully subordinate to the Russians and by 1895 Turkmenistan had been fully incorporated into the Russian Empire.

title: Georgia within the Russian Empire

text: The Russian government also managed to alienate many Georgian nobles, prompting a group of young aristocrats to plot to overthrow Russian rule. They were inspired by events elsewhere in the Russian Empire: the Decembrist revolt in St. Petersburg in 1825 and the Polish uprising against the Russians in 1830. The Georgian nobles' plan was simple: they would invite all the Russian officials in the region to a ball then murder them. However, the conspiracy was discovered by the authorities on December 10, 1832 and its members were arrested and internally exiled elsewhere in the Russian Empire. There was a revolt by peasants and nobles in Guria in 1841. Things changed with the appointment of Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov as Viceroy of the Caucasus in 1845. Count Vorontsov's new policies won over the Georgian nobility, who increasingly adopted Western European customs and attire, as the Russian nobility had done in the previous century.

title: British Armed Forces

text: With Britain's old rivals no-longer a threat, the nineteenth century saw the emergence of a new rival, the Russian Empire, and a strategic competition in what became known as The Great Game for supremacy in Central Asia. Britain feared that Russian expansionism in the region would eventually threaten the Empire in India. In response, Britain undertook a number of pre-emptive actions against perceived Russian ambitions, including the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842), the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–1880) and the British expedition to Tibet (1903–1904). During this period, Britain also sought to maintain the balance of power in Europe, particularly against Russian expansionism, who at the expense of the waning Ottoman Empire had ambitions to "carve up the European part of Turkey". This ultimately led to British involvement in the Crimean War (1854–1856) against the Russian Empire.

title: Russo-Circassian War

text: The Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864) involved a series of battles and wars in Circassia, the northwestern part of the Caucasus, in the course of the Russian Empire's conquest of the Caucasus. Fighting lasted approximately 101 years, starting in the reign of Empress Catherine the Great and finishing in 1864. Although the Russian conquest of the Caucasus started at least as early as the Russo-Persian Wars, the term Caucasian War commonly refers only to the period 1817–1864. Those who use the term Russian–Circassian War take its starting date as 1763, when the Russians began establishing forts, including at Mozdok, to be used as springboards for conquest.

title: Slavs

text: As of the end of 1878, there were only four Slavic states in the world: the Russian Empire, Principality of Serbia, Principality of Montenegro and the Principality of Bulgaria. In the entire Austro-Hungarian Empire of approximately 50 million people, about 23 million were Slavs. The Slavic peoples who were, for the most part, denied a voice in the affairs of the Austria-Hungary, were calling for national self-determination. Because of the vastness and diversity of the territory occupied by Slavic people, there were several centers of Slavic consolidation. In the 19th century, Pan-Slavism developed as a movement among intellectuals, scholars, and poets, but it rarely influenced practical politics and did not find support in some Slavic nations. Pan-Slavism became compromised when the Russian Empire started to use it as an ideology justifying its territorial conquests in Central Europe as well as subjugation of other Slavic ethnic groups such as Poles, Ukrainians and Belarusians, and the ideology became associated with Russian imperialism.

title: Türkmenabat

text: When the Russian Empire started annexing Central Asian Turkestan, Āmul was surrendered to Russians by the Bukhara emirate, who later herself would entirely become a vassal of Russia and pledge allegiance to the Russian emperor. The modern city was founded in 1886, when Cossack Russians settled in Uralka in what is now the eastern part of Türkmenabat, naming their settlement "New-Chardjuy". The settlement here was necessary to complete the construction of the Trans-Caspian railway.

title: Krasnaya Polyana, Sochi, Krasnodar Krai

text: By the 1860s, the village was known as Kbaade and became populated with the Akhchipsou branch of the Sadz. In 1864, the area was the scene, significant in Circassian history, of the last battles of the Russian–Circassian War. The area was conquered by four main Russian armies and the end of the prolonged Caucasian War declared (on June 2, 1864). The area became a part of the Russian Empire and those residents who did not swear allegiance to the Empire were removed to the Ottoman Empire. The abandoned "aul" was replaced with the new settlement of Krasnaya Polyana in 1869. The new settlers were ethnically diverse, including not only Russians, but also Greeks from Stavropol and Estonians, who colonized Estosadok, now a ski resort upstream on the Mzymta.

title: Kazakh Khanate

text: By the mid 18th century, Russian Empire has expanded into Siberia, and Russian settlements started to appear along Volga and Yaik rivers. The Kazakh-Russian relationship at the border regions was tense, which often resulted in mutual raids by Russian Cossacks on Kazakh lands and Kazakhs on Russian settlements.

title: Little Russia

text:
After the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, and with the amalgamation of Ukrainian territories into one administrative unit (the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic), the term started to recede from common use. Its subsequent usage has been regarded as derogatory, referring to those Ukrainians with little or no Ukrainian national consciousness.
The term retains currency among Russian monarchists and Russian nationalists who deny that Ukraine and Ukrainians are distinct from Russia and Russians. By the late 1980s, the term had become archaic, and Ukrainians regarded its anachronistic usage as offensive.

title: Nikolay Yazykov

text: Nikolay Mikhailovich Yazykov (, March 4, 1803, Simbirsk, Russian Empire – December 26, 1846, Moscow, Russian Empire) was a Russian poet and Slavophile who in the 1820s rivalled Alexander Pushkin and Yevgeny Baratynsky as the most popular poet of his generation.

title: Kurds in Russia

text:
During the early 19th century, the main goal of the Russian Empire was to ensure the neutrality of the Kurds in the wars against Persia and the Ottoman Empire. In the beginning of the 19th century, Kurds settled in Transcaucasia, at a time when Transcaucasia was incorporated into the Russian Empire. In the 20th century, Kurds were persecuted and exterminated by the Turks and Persians, a situation that led Kurds to move to Russian Transcaucasia.
From 1804–1813 and again in 1826–1828, when the Russian Empire and the Persian Empire were at war, the Russian authorities let Kurds settle in Russia and Armenia. During the Crimean War and the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Kurds moved to Russia and Armenia. According to the Russian Census of 1897, 99,900 Kurds lived in the Russian Empire.

title: Alexander Alexandrovich Makarov

text: Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Makarov (, 19 July 1857 (7 July 1857 O.S.), St. Petersburg, Russian Empire – 1919, Moscow, Russian SFSR) was a Russian politician who served as the Minister of Internal Affairs (1911–1912) and Minister of Justice (1916) of the Russian Empire.

title: List of Russian opera singers

text: This a list of opera singers from Russian Federation, Soviet Union and Russian Empire including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities. This list includes those, who were born in the Russian Federation/Soviet Union/Russian Empire but later emigrated, and those, who were born elsewhere but immigrated to the country and performed there for a long time.

title: Antisemitism in the Russian Empire

text: In the second half of the 19th century, in response to the widespread and systematic persecution of Jews, many Jews fled the Russian Empire, but with the spread of literacy, many of those who stayed were drawn into radical and reformist ideologies, attracted by the prospect of liberation of Jewish communities from the conditions imposed on them, as well as disgust at the political system of the Russian Empire. The Social Democrats (Socialists) included many Jews including Martov and Trotsky in its leadership, as did the Social Revolutionary Party of Russia. The same period saw the Bundist and Zionist movements emerge and rapidly grow, with their promises to end the persecution of Jews, but their growth led to a polarization of Jewish communities due to their diverging political goals. While the Bundists proclaimed the superiority of the Yiddish language, the Zionists promoted Hebrew as a lingua franca for Jews of varying geographic origins. The Zionist movement in Russia was officially started with the Hibbat Zion movement in 1881-1883, in response to the growing pogroms against Jews. While the Bundists saw the home for Russian Jewry in Russia, the Zionists aimed to establish a Jewish state free of rule by foreigners. Although the Zionist movement was first organized in Western Europe, the majority of its adherents came from Eastern Europe, the Russian Empire in particular. Russian Jews were the founders of Labor Zionism. Despite, or perhaps because of, its popularity, all Zionist organizations were outlawed in Russia. The Bundists, on the other hand, proclaimed Yiddish as a national language for Jews and argued for a separate set of Jewish-run schools.

title: Shapsugsky National District

text:
In 1864, after the end of the century-long Russian-Circassian War between the Circassians (Adyghes) who formed the historical population of Circassia and the Russian Empire, a major part of the Shapsugs, who lived on Black Sea coast from modern Sochi to Tuapse, were either killed in the Circassian Genocide or expelled to the Ottoman Empire like the other Circassian tribes.
Because the Shapsugs were one of the most stubborn enemies of the Russian Empire, they suffered more than the other Circassian tribes. They were the last of their alliance to surrender to the occupiers' army, and kept resisting the Russians in a holy war, for more than 20 years after the end of the Russian-Circassian War in 1864.

title: Romanov Empire (micronation)

text: Proponents of the new Russian Empire purport it to be the successor of the historical Russian Empire founded by Peter the Great in 1721. As such, the nation stakes its claim to unpopulated territory that belonged to the historical Russian Empire through "right of discovery", but which was not claimed by the Soviet Union after the 1917 Russian Revolution. It does not claim land that was part of the historical Russian Empire that is now part of Finland, Poland, or the former Soviet republics.

title: Transcaucasus Railway

text: The railway started in 1865 at the port town of Poti on the Black Sea. The railway reached Zestafoni in 1871 and T'bilisi in 1872. The contractor for this part of the line was Messrs G.B. Crawley and Co.; the resident engineer was Edward Preston, C.E. who had previously been at work in North Wales. This may account for the interest shown by this railway in Welsh mountain railways and narrow-gauge steam locomotives running on the north Wales Festiniog Railway. A branch line was built to Kutaisi, branching from Brotseula, in 1877. In 1883 the railway was completed to Baku. Once the railway was completed to Baku, freight trains carrying oil went from Baku to Poti to be shipped to other cities in Russia via the Black Sea. During the Russian-Ottoman war from 1877–1878, the Russian Empire gained territory into Anatolia from the Ottoman Empire after defeating them during the Battle of Kars. This new territory included the fortress city of Kars. In 1887 a branch line was built to Tkibuli. In 1894 a branch line, splitting of at Khashuri, was built to Borjomi. Kars was a strategic city for the Russians in Anatolia, so in 1899 the railway built a branch line from T'blisi to Kars. The Transcaucasus Railway was connected to the rest of the Russian system in 1900, when the line from Baku to Makhachkala was completed. In 1902, a narrow gauge railway from Borjomi to Bakuriani was built to serve the skiing community in the region. In 1913 the railway was extended from Kars to Sarıkamış; the border of the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire at the time. When World War I broke out in 1914, the Russian Empire sided with the Allied powers while the Ottoman Empire sided with the Central Powers making the two empires enemies. After the Erzerum Offensive, Russia gained control city of Erzurum. To support campaigns further into Ottoman territory, a narrow gauge (750mm) railway was built from Sarıkamış to Erzurum in 1916 and later into Yeniköy during the same year. Russia had to stop fighting in the war because of the Russian revolution of 1917, that lead to the dissolution of the Russian Empire.

title: Mihail Kogălniceanu

text: In the end, the Russian declaration of war came as a surprise to both Carol and Kogălniceanu, who had not been informed of the exact date (April 23) when the Imperial Russian Army would start moving into Moldavia—hence, Romanians tended to regard it as an invasion. Also alarming for Kogălniceanu, the official Russian proclamation addressed Romanians as protegés of the Empire. Bilateral tensions were somewhat alleviated by Russian apologies and, later, by the Ottoman pledge to annex Romania; addressing a discontented Parliament, Kogălniceanu asserted that the Russian road was the country's only choice.


query: What's the state bird of Kansas?

title: List of Kansas state symbols

text: Kansas state amphibian: barred tiger salamander (Ambystoma mavortium) Kansas state bird: western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) Kansas state flag: Flag of the State of Kansas Kansas state flower: wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Kansas state insect: western honey bee (Apis mellifera mellifera) Kansas state animal: American Buffalo Kansas state motto: Ad astra per aspera (Latin for To the stars through difficulties) Kansas state nickname: Sunflower State Kansas state reptile: ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata ornata) Kansas state seal: Great Seal of the State of Kansas Kansas state soil: Harney silt loam (unofficial) Kansas state song: "Home on the Range" Kansas state grass: little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) Kansas state tree: plains cottonwood (Populus sargentii)

title: Bradley C. Livezey

text: Livezey was born in Salem, Massachusetts. He grew up in Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Illinois. His interest in birds started when he was in High School. Livezey earned a Bachelor of Science at Oregon State University in 1976. In 1979 he earned his first Master of Science degree at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in wildlife ecology and in 1984 his second in mathematics at the University of Kansas. In 1985 he completed a Ph.D. with his thesis "Systematics and flightlessness of steamer-ducks (Anatidae: Tachyeres)" at the University of Kansas. In 1993, he was hired as Associate Curator of Birds at Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh and was awarded full curatorship in 2001. During that time, he served as the museum's first Dean of Science. As Curator of Birds, he oversaw around 195,000 bird specimens, the ninth-largest bird collection in the United States.

title: List of birds of Kansas

text: The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.Naturally, fictional birds do not exist and will not be found in nature. But as a supplement, the following fictional bird is included in the list due to its deep association with Kansas history and lore.

title: Edgar Heap of Birds

text: Hachivi Edgar Heap of Birds was born on November 22, 1954 in Wichita, Kansas, where his father worked in the aeronautical industry. He attended East High School in Wichita and graduated in 1972. After graduation, Heap of Birds studied at Haskell Indian School in Lawrence, Kansas.

title: Kansas

text: Since the mid-20th century, Kansas has remained one of the most socially conservative states in the nation. The 1990s brought the defeat of prominent Democrats, including Dan Glickman, and the Kansas State Board of Education's 1999 decision to eliminate evolution from the state teaching standards, a decision that was later reversed.[73] In 2005, voters accepted a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriage. The next year, the state passed a law setting a minimum age for marriage at 15 years.[74] Kansas's path to a solid Republican state has been examined by historian Thomas Frank in his 2004 book What's the Matter with Kansas?.

title: Western meadowlark

text: The western meadowlark is the state bird of six states: Montana, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oregon, and Wyoming. The northern cardinal, which represents seven states, is the only bird to hold the status of state bird in more states.

title: Bird City Township, Cheyenne County, Kansas

text: Bird City Township is a township in Cheyenne County, Kansas, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 771.

title: What the Little Bird Told Him

text: "What the Little Bird Told Him" received mixed-to-positive reviews. The episode received a rating of 64% with an average score of 6.5 out of 10 on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, with the site's consensus stating: "The character work in 'What the Little Bird Told Him,' along with the comeuppance of the Electrocutioner, are strong enough to overcome the anti-climactic face-off between Fish and Carmine Falcone."

title: List of birds of Kansas

text: This list of birds of Kansas includes species documented in the U.S. state of Kansas and accepted by Kansas Ornithological Society (KOS). As of February 2018, there are 477 species included in the official list. Of them, 72 are classed as accidental, 12 are classed as hypothetical, and five have been introduced to North America. In addition to the 475, two species are extinct and one has been extirpated.

title: List of birds of Kansas

text: Only birds that are considered to have established, self-sustaining, wild populations in Kansas are included on this list. This means that birds that are considered probable escapees, although they may have been sighted flying free in Kansas, are not included.

title: 2005 Kansas State Wildcats football team

text: Kansas State back-up Quarterback Allan Evridge threw a fourth quarter touchdown to Jordy Nelson to ensure a victory for the Wildcats. It was the 12th time in 13 years K-State beat Kansas. Kansas State had more penalty yards than offensive yards in a what turned out to be a sloppy game. Kansas could only manage a field goal against Kansas State. Kansas hadn't scored a touchdown since 1999 in Manhattan, a stretch of three consecutive games.

title: Free-Stater (Kansas)

text: What united the Free-Staters was a desire to defeat the southern, pro-slavery settlers in Kansas Territory on the question of whether Kansas would be admitted to the Union as a slave state. (The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 had left the question open to the settlers in the territory.) Bastions for the free-state movement in Kansas included major towns and cities like Lawrence, Osawatomie, Manhattan, and Topeka, among others.

title: Kansas

text: Kansas /ˈkænzəs/(listen) is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States.[4] Its capital is Topeka and its largest city is Wichita, with its most populated county being Johnson County.[5] Kansas is named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area.[6] The tribe's name (natively kką:ze) is often said to mean "people of the (south) wind" although this was probably not the term's original meaning.[7][8] For thousands of years, what is now Kansas was home to numerous and diverse Native American tribes. Tribes in the eastern part of the state generally lived in villages along the river valleys. Tribes in the western part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison.

title: Richard Ely Bird

text: Richard Ely Bird (November 4, 1878 – January 10, 1955) was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for the 8th District of Kansas from 1921 to 1923. Bird was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on November 4, 1878. He moved with his parents to Wichita, Kansas in 1887 and attended the public schools there. He was graduated from Wichita High School in 1898. Bird later studied law and was admitted to the Kansas bar in 1901. He opened his legal practice in Wichita. In 1916 he became a judge of the district court of the 18th Judicial District of Kansas and was serving in that capacity when elected to congress during the Warren G. Harding presidential landslide of 1920.

title: What's the Matter with Kansas?

text: What's the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America (2004) is a book by American journalist and historian Thomas Frank, which explores the rise of populist anti-elitist conservatism in the United States, centering on the experience of Kansas, Frank's native state. In the late 19th century, says Frank, Kansas was known as a hotbed of the left-wing Populist movement, but in recent decades, it has become overwhelmingly conservative. The book was published in Britain and Australia as "What's the Matter with America?".

title: Kansas forts and posts

text: Kansas had a few military forts prior to 1854, when it became a territory. The French established Fort de Cavagnial near what is now Fort Leavenworth. This was the first military post in what is now Kansas. It operated from 1744 to 1764. The United States obtained possession to most of present-day Kansas in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase. By 1854 a handful of US Army posts existed in Kansas. These were mainly to protect travelers along several trails from Indian attacks.

title: Bird City, Kansas

text: Bird City is a city in Cheyenne County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 447.

title: West Kansas

text: On September 11, 1992, a constitutional convention was convened in Ulysses, Kansas, at which it was decided to call the new state "West Kansas". A state bird (the pheasant), and a state flower (the yucca) were also chosen.

title: Shawnee Tribe

text: In 1861 Kansas became a state, and the White people of Kansas demanded that all Indian tribes must be removed from the state. The Loyal Shawnee made an agreement with the Cherokee Nation in 1869, allowing 722 to gain citizenship within the Cherokee tribe and receive allotments of Cherokee land. They predominantly settled in what is now Craig and Rogers County, Oklahoma. They became known as the "Cherokee Shawnee," primarily settling in the areas of Bird Creek (now known as Sperry); Hudson Creek (now known as Fairland); and White Oak. The Shawnee Reservation in Kansas was never legally dissolved and some Shawnee families still hold their allotment lands in Kansas.

title: Centennial Jay

text: Centennial Jay, or C Jay for short, was one of the costume mascots of the University of Kansas. He with fellow mascot Big Jay and Baby Jay are Jayhawks. C Jay was created by student cartoonist Henry Maloy and featured in the University Daily Kansan in 1912. Maloy's depiction of the Jayhawk helped answer the question of what the mythical bird would look like. When asked why he gave the bird shoes Maloy responded, "Why? For kicking opponents, of course." C Jay was reintroduced as a full-sized mascot on February 25, 2012 in the final Border War against Missouri to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Jayhawk. C Jay was retired early in 2013 and is displayed at the Kansas Memorial Student Union.

title: Black Bob (Shawnee chief)

text: In 1861 Kansas became a state, and the non-Indian people of Kansas demanded that all Indian tribes must be removed from the state. The Loyal Shawnee made an agreement with the Cherokee Nation in 1869, allowing 722 to gain citizenship within the Cherokee tribe and receive allotments of Cherokee land. They predominantly settled in what is now Craig and Rogers County, Oklahoma. They became known as the "Cherokee Shawnee," primarily settling in the areas of Bird Creek (now known as Sperry); Hudson Creek (now known as Fairland); and White Oak. The Shawnee Reservation in Kansas was never legally dissolved and some Shawnee families still hold their allotment lands in Kansas.

title: Kansas State Wildcats football

text: With this combination of coaches and players, Kansas State enjoyed what would be its last streak of sustained success on the football field for 60 years. In 1931, the football team was on track for a potential bid to the Rose Bowl, the sole bowl game in the country at the time, until Ralph Graham was injured. In 1934, Kansas State won its first major conference football championship. That same year, the "New York Times" referred to Kansas State as "an established Middle Western leader." But then Waldorf abruptly left for Northwestern after the season, and the winning stopped.

title: Kansas City Shuffle

text: The title refers to a situation where the con man bets the mark money he can't identify what state "Kansas City" is in. The mark, guessing that the conman was hoping to trick him into saying Kansas, identifies Kansas City, Missouri as his answer. The con man then reveals that there is a much less well-known Kansas City, Kansas meaning Kansas was actually the correct answer.

title: Kansas Senate

text: War bonds became a central political issue in Kansas shortly when the Kansas Senate held impeachment trials in 1862, brought about in part by United States Republican Party infighting. The Kansas Senate voted narrowly to convict Kansas Secretary of State J. W. Robinson, and State Auditor George S. Hillyer over what they believed to be the unlawful sale of state bonds. With little evidence of a conspiracy and the smaller role of Governor Charles L. Robinson, his impeachment trial ended with only three state senators voting to convict him.

title: James Buchanan

text: The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 created the Kansas Territory and allowed the settlers there to choose whether to allow slavery. This resulted in violence between "Free-Soil" (antislavery) and proslavery settlers in what became known as the "Bleeding Kansas" crisis. The antislavery settlers organized a government in Topeka, while proslavery settlers established a seat of government in Lecompton, Kansas. For Kansas to be admitted as a state, a constitution had to be submitted to Congress with the approval of a majority of residents. Under President Pierce, a series of violent confrontations known as "Bleeding Kansas" escalated as supporters of the two governments clashed. The situation in Kansas was watched closely throughout the country, and some in Georgia and Mississippi advocated secession should Kansas be admitted as a free state. Buchanan himself did not particularly care whether or not Kansas entered as a slave state, and instead sought to admit Kansas as a state as soon as possible since it would likely tilt towards the Democratic Party. Rather than restarting the process and establishing one territorial government, Buchanan chose to recognize the Lecompton government.

title: Jake Bird

text: The execution at the Washington State Penitentiary was scheduled for January 16, 1948, but Bird claimed he had committed 44 other murders which he was willing to help the police solve. Washington governor Monrad C. Wallgren granted him a 60-day reprieve. Police from other states interviewed Bird, and eleven murders were substantiated. He was knowledgeable enough about the 33 other murders to be considered a prime suspect. The interviews with Bird enabled the police departments of many states to declare many unsolved murders as solved. In addition to his Washington state murders, the transient Bird apparently had killed people in Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota and Wisconsin. He mostly preyed on Caucasian women. Bird had dispatched his victims with an axe or hatchet.

title: Bird City, Kansas

text: Bird City is located at (39.750950, -101.533480). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.

title: Jayhawker

text: While the "Bleeding Kansas" era is generally regarded as beginning in 1856, the earliest documented uses of the term "jayhawker" during the Kansas troubles were in the late 1850s, after the issue of slavery in Kansas had essentially been decided in favor of the Free State cause. The earliest dated mention of the name comes from the autobiography of August Bondi, who came to Kansas in 1855. Bondi claimed that he observed General James Lane addressing his forces as Jayhawkers in December 1857. Another early reference to the term (as applied to the Kansas troubles) emerging at that time is provided in the retrospective account of Kansas newspaperman John McReynolds. McReynolds reportedly picked up the term from Pat Devlin, a Free State partisan described as "nothing more nor less than a dangerous bully." In mid-1858, McReynolds asked Devlin where he had acquired two fine horses that he had recently brought into the town of Osawatomie. Devlin replied that he "got them as the Jayhawk gets its birds in Ireland," which he explained as follows: "In Ireland a bird, which is called the Jayhawk, flies about after dark, seeking the roosts and nests of smaller birds, and not only robs nests of eggs, but frequently kills the birds." McReynolds understood Devlin had acquired his horses in the same manner the Jayhawk got its prey, and used the term in a Southern Kansas Herald newspaper column to describe a case of theft in the ongoing partisan violence. The term was quickly picked up by other newspapers, and "Jayhawkers" soon came to denote the militants and thieves affiliated with the Free State cause.

title: Beaverton, Kansas

text: Beaverton (initially Bird) was a small settlement in Rawlins County, Kansas, United States.

title: Sam Brownback

text: A Kansas budget passed with Brownback's approval in 2011 blocked Planned Parenthood of Kansas and Mid-Missouri from receiving family planning funds from the state. The funding amounted to about $330,000 a year. A judge has blocked the budget provision, ordered Kansas to begin funding the organization again, and agreed with Planned Parenthood that it was being unfairly targeted. In response, the state filed an appeal seeking to overturn the judge's decision. Brownback has defended anti-abortion laws in Kansas, including the Planned Parenthood defunding. "You can't know for sure what all comes out of that afterwards, but it was the will of the Legislature and the people of the state of Kansas", Brownback said.


query: Was Singapore ever formerly occupied?

title: History of Singapore

text: During World War 2, Singapore was conquered and occupied by the Japanese Empire from 1942 to 1945. When the war ended, Singapore reverted to British control, with increasing levels of self-government being granted, culminating in Singapore's merger with the Federation of Malaya to form Malaysia in 1963. However, social unrest and disputes between Singapore's ruling People's Action Party and Malaysia's Alliance Party resulted in Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia. Singapore became an independent republic on 9 August 1965.

title: ION Orchard

text: ION Orchard (pronounced as I-On), formerly known as the Orchard Turn Development or Orchard Turn Site, is a shopping mall in Singapore. It is the retail component of an integrated retail and residential development by Orchard Turn Developments Pte Ltd, a joint venture between CapitaLand and Sun Hung Kai Properties. It started operating on 21 July 2009, occupying 335 food and retail outlets. In December 2016, Forbes recognized ION Orchard as one of the top shopping malls in Singapore.

title: Former Singapore Badminton Hall

text: The Former Singapore Badminton Hall (Abbreviation: SBH; ), formerly Singapore Badminton Stadium, is a former indoor sports hall for badminton located on Guillemard Road in Geylang, Singapore.

text: The Singapore women's national basketball team is the national basketball team of Singapore. It is managed by the "Basketball Association of Singapore" (BAS), formerly the Singapore Amateur Basketball Association (SABA).

title: List of Chief Secretaries of Singapore

text: The Chief Secretary, Singapore, known as the Colonial Secretary, Singapore, before 1955, and the Colonial Secretary, Straits Settlements, before 1946, was a high ranking government civil position in colonial Singapore (the Straits Settlements before 1946) between 1867 and 1959. It was second only to the Governor of Singapore (formerly the Governor of the Straits Settlements) in the colonial government.

title: Singapore national basketball team

text: The Singapore national basketball team is the national team for Singapore in basketball. It is managed by the "Basketball Association of Singapore" (BAS), formerly the Singapore Amateur Basketball Association (SABA).

title: Singapore Turf Club

text: This popular classic was formerly known as the Singapore Derby until 1995, when Dubai-based Emirates Airlines embarked with a partnership with Singapore Turf Club, cementing Singapore’s credentials as a leading international sporting hub.

title: One Marina Boulevard

text: NTUC occupies the largest office space in One Marina Boulevard. Other major tenants include Allen & Gledhill, Singapore Workforce Development Agency and Microsoft Singapore. In October 2004, Microsoft Singapore moved from its previous offices at 5 Temasek Boulevard, Suntec Tower Five to the building. It currently occupies the 22nd floor. A major F&B company, TCC, is also located there. A AXS machine is located in the basement.

title: Miss Singapore Universe

text: Singapore has been sending representatives to Miss Universe contest as early as 1954. The title of the first Miss Singapore ever was won by the actress Siti Mariam Ismail or officially known as Mariani Ismail in 1951. The city-state republic has been represented at Miss Universe every year since 1966. The country had its first semi finalist when Kathie Lee Lee Beng secured the 8th position, the highest ever placement Singapore attained when the pageant was held in St. Louis in 1983. In 1987 when Singapore played host to the Miss Universe pageant, home favourite Marion Nicole Teo came in at the 9th place.

title: Singapore Zoo

text: The Singapore Zoo, formerly known as the Singapore Zoological Gardens and commonly known locally as the Mandai Zoo, occupies on the margins of Upper Seletar Reservoir within Singapore's heavily forested central catchment area. The zoo was built at a cost of $9 million granted by the government of Singapore and opened on 27 June 1973. It is operated by Wildlife Reserves Singapore, who also manage the neighbouring Night Safari, River Safari and the Jurong Bird Park. There are about 315 species of animal in the zoo, of which some 16 percent are considered to be threatened species. The zoo attracts 1.7 million visitors each year.

title: Kent Ridge

text: The area occupied by Kent Ridge was formerly known as Pasir Panjang Ridge, and was originally a lowland evergreen rainforest. The natural vegetation of the area mainly consists of groves of Tembusu, Acacias and Dillenias. When the first settlers arrived in Singapore in the early 19th century, they grew crops such as rubber, pepper, gambier and pineapple on the ridge. During World War II, it was used as a fortress by the British in the defence of Singapore. Many of the plantations were destroyed or abandoned during the Japanese Occupation (1942–1945), allowing the crops to grow wild.

title: Fairmont Singapore

text: Fairmont Singapore (Chinese: 费尔蒙特酒店), formerly Raffles The Plaza (Chinese: 莱佛士大厦) is the sister hotel of Swissôtel The Stamford located within the Raffles City complex in Singapore. It has a total of 769 rooms and suites housed within two 26-storey towers. Opened as The Westin Plaza in 1986, the hotel was refurbished together with Swissôtel The Stamford, formerly known as the Westin Stamford, and was renamed Raffles The Plaza on January 1, 2002 and Fairmont Singapore on December 12, 2007 with a change in branding.

title: Omni-Theatre, Science Centre Singapore

text: The Omni-Theatre is an observatory and large-format film theatre located at the Science Centre Singapore (formerly Singapore Science Centre) in Jurong East, Singapore.

title: Chief Secretary, Singapore

title: Singapore Improvement Trust

text: The SIT was formally established by the Singapore Improvement Ordinance, 1927. The purpose of the ordinance (signed into law on 1 July 1927), was "to provide for the Improvement of the Town and Island of Singapore". The Ordinance was applied to both the town and island of Singapore except for areas occupied by the British military.

title: Singapore Accountancy Commission

text: The Singapore CA Qualification (formerly known as Singapore Qualification Programme or Singapore QP) provides a pathway for qualification and recognition of individuals from all disciplines who aspire to be Chartered Accountants of Singapore. A Chartered Accountant of Singapore would have completed the Singapore CA Qualification, a professional development programme that equips a Chartered Accountant of Singapore with a blend of structured learning and emphasis on practical application, giving them the skills-set and technical knowledge to contribute positively and add value to the organisations they are working in.

title: Kingdom Breweries

text: Kingdom Breweries is a Cambodian craft beer brewery company founded in 2009. It is the largest craft brewery in Southeast Asia, serving as a backend production hub for over 30 craft brewers in Thailand, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the Philippines. It is located in Phnom Penh, Cambodia alongside the banks of the Tonlé Sap river on the north end of Cambodia's capital, and is housed in a renovated factory formerly occupied by Nestlé.

title: Singapore Community Shield

text: The Singapore Community Shield (also known as the Great Eastern Community Shield due to sponsorship reasons; formerly the Charity Shield) is the curtain-raiser to the football season in Singapore. The match is contested between the champions of the previous Singapore Premier League season and the Singapore Cup winners. In a situation when the same team wins both competition, then it is contested between the Singapore Premier League's champions and runners-up.

text: The Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants (ISCA), formerly the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Singapore, is the national professional body for accountants in Singapore. It sets out to develop, support and enhance the integrity, status and interests of the accountancy profession in Singapore.

title: Singapore Writers Festival

text: Formerly known as the Singapore Writers’ Week, the Singapore Writers’ Festival started in 1986 as a component of the Singapore Festival of Arts (now known as Singapore Arts Festival) that focuses on the merit of the literary arts. It was presented outside the Festival of Arts for the first time in 1991 as recognition and awareness for literary arts in Singapore grew.  Since then, SWF has been held every two years, until 2011 when it went annual.

title: Farrer Park Field

text: Farrer Park Field (known formerly as Farrer Park) is an open field managed by Sport Singapore in Kallang, Singapore. It was the location of Singapore's first race course, Serangoon Road Race Course, as well as where its first-ever aircraft landing took place in 1919. It is a significant location for Singapore's aviation, sporting and political histories.

title: Kent Ridge Park

text: The area occupied by Kent Ridge Park and the National University of Singapore was formerly known as Pasir Panjang Ridge, and was originally a lowland evergreen rainforest. The park's natural vegetation now consists of groves of Tembusu, Acacias and Dillenias. When the first settlers arrived in Singapore in the early 19th century, they grew crops such as rubber, pepper, gambier and pineapple on the ridge. During World War II, it was used as a fortress by the British in the defence of Singapore. Many of these plantations were either abandoned or destroyed during the Japanese Occupation (1942–1945), which allowed such crops to grow wild.

title: Make Up For Ever

text:
Make Up For Ever is sold at Sephora and Make Up For Ever boutiques worldwide, with flagship stores in Paris, New York, Montreal, Shanghai, Tokyo, Singapore, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur and other cities.
Make Up for Ever also offers full professional make-up trainings in its academies since 2002 in Paris, and expanded in New York, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore, Brussels, Helsinki and Nice.

title: Singapore Biennale

text: The Singapore Biennale () is a contemporary art biennale in Singapore. The first Singapore Biennale operated as one of a lineup of Singapore 2006 events. Fumio Nanjo, Director of Tokyo's Mori Art Museum, has been reappointed Artistic Director of the Singapore Biennale 2008. Working with Mr Nanjo on Singapore Biennale 2008 are two curators: independent curator Joselina Cruz, formerly a curator at the Singapore Art Museum and the Lopez Museum in Manila; and Matthew Ngui, one of Singapore's leading artists in contemporary art.

title: Nanyang University

text: After Nanyang University was merged with the University of Singapore, the grounds formerly occupied by Nanyang University were occupied by a similarly-named technical institute, the Nanyang Technological Institute (NTI), in 1981. In 1991, the NTI was upgraded to the status of a university as Singapore's second English-medium university and became the Nanyang Technological University (NTU).

title: Netball in Singapore

text: There are 80,000 netball players in Singapore. playing several variations of netball, including beach netball. In Singapore, the Sport Singapore (formerly known as Singapore Sports Council) is responsible for maintaining 8 netball courts. Netball Singapore is the official governing body for the sport in Singapore. It was created in 1962, with 63 registered clubs.

title: Parliament of Singapore

text: In 1953, Governor John Nicoll decided that the building should be renovated for use as a legislative chamber. Renamed Assembly House, it was declared officially open on 9 July 1954, and the existing Legislative Council had its first meeting there on 20 July. It was then occupied from 1955 by the newly formed Legislative Assembly of Singapore, and was renamed Parliament House when Singapore became fully independent in 1965. In 1988 the building's debating chamber was extensively renovated to increase the number of seats in it to 90. However, as further extensions were not feasible without causing MPs discomfort and disrupting the chamber's configuration, plans were approved in 1992 for a new Parliament building to be constructed. The present Parliament House, on a part of High Street that was renamed Parliament Place, was completed in July 1999. It was officially inaugurated on 6 September 1999 with a special sitting that began in the Old Parliament House, continued with legislators walking from the old building to the new one, and concluded in the new Parliament House. Three items from the old chamber were brought over: the Mace of Parliament, the Table of the House, and the Speaker's chair. The building formerly occupied by Parliament reopened in March 2004 as a performance venue called the Arts House at the Old Parliament, and the street it is on was renamed Old Parliament Lane.

title: Changi Air Base

text: Changi Air Base or Changi Air Base (West) (Changi West Complex), formerly RAF Changi, is an airfield military airbase of the Republic of Singapore Air Force located at Changi, in the eastern tip of Singapore. Sited at two locations to the east and west of Singapore Changi Airport, it co-shares runway facilities with the civilian airport and currently occupies a third runway slated for future expansion for civilian use by Singapore Changi Airport. Together, the two airfields house 121 Squadron, 112 Squadron, No 145 Squadron, the Field Defence Squadron, the Air Logistics Squadron and the Airfield Maintenance Squadron. The air base badge carries the motto: ""Together in Excellence"".

title: Mandarin Orchard Singapore

text: Mandarin Orchard Singapore, formerly the Mandarin Singapore, and Meritus Mandarin Singapore managed by Meritus Hotels & Resorts, is a five-star hotel located at 333 Orchard Road in Singapore. The hotel opened in 1971, occupying a single 36-storey block. It became a landmark for the Orchard Road area when the second block, standing at 40 storeys and 152 metres high, became the tallest building in Singapore at the time of its opening in 1973.

title: Workforce Singapore

text: Workforce Singapore, formerly known as Singapore Workforce Development Agency, (Abbreviation: WSG) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Manpower of the Singapore Government.


query: When was GMT Games first established?

title: GMT Games

text: GMT Games is a California-based wargaming publisher founded in 1990. The current management and creative team includes Tony Curtis, Rodger MacGowan, Mark Simonitch, and Andy Lewis. The company has become well known for graphically attractive games that range from "monster games", of many maps and counters, to quite simple games suitable for introducing new players to wargaming. They also produce card games and family games. The Washington Post called GMT "the modern hobby's highest-profile wargame publisher".[1]

title: GMT400

text: The GMT 400 and similar GMT 480 was the platform for the 1988-1998 model year full-size pickup truck. The GMT 410, GMT 420, GMT 425, and GMT 430 were used for full-size SUVs from 1992 to 2000. This was the first GMT designation for the C (RWD) and K (4WD/AWD) full-size trucks and SUVs.

title: Wembley Stadium

text: Another first was recorded in 2014 as three regular season NFL games were played at Wembley. The Oakland Raiders hosted the Miami Dolphins on 28 September at 6 pm BST, the Atlanta Falcons hosted the Detroit Lions on 26 October at 1:30 pm GMT and the Jacksonville Jaguars hosted the Dallas Cowboys on 9 November at 6 pm GMT. At 9:30 am ET, the Detroit-Atlanta game was the earliest kick off in NFL history and gave fans a unique four game window on this day. In 2015, another first occurred as the first ever divisional match took place at Wembley between the American Football Conference – Eastern Division's Miami Dolphins and New York Jets.

title: Here I Stand (boardgame)

text: Here I Stand is a board game first published by GMT Games in 2006.

title: GM GMT platform

text: The GMT 325/330 series was a compact truck line including mid-size pickup trucks and SUVs. It debuted in 1982, though it was not given its GMT name until the late 1980s when the new GMT 400 was introduced. The GMT 325/330 was GM's compact truck and SUV line, designated by an S (RWD) or T (4WD/AWD).

title: GM GMT platform

text: The GMT 700 platform provides the replacements for both the GMT 355 midsize pickups and GMT 360 midsize SUVs. Most GMT 700s for the global market are built in Rayong, Thailand, though North American market models will be made at GM's Wentzville, Missouri plant alongside the GMT 600 vans from the 2014 model year onward. Subsequently, the GMT 355 plant in Shreveport, Louisiana will be closed. Both the global and North American models are made at CAMI's Ingersoll, Ontario plant.

title: GM GMT platform

text: The GMT 355 platform was actually a joint-venture with Isuzu, though most of the design was done by Isuzu. Part of the agreement was that GM had to sell it first in the U.S., to be sold legally as an Isuzu. Despite its close numbering to the GMT 360 series, the two programs share nothing.

title: GM GMT platform

text: The GMT 400 and similar GMT 480 is the platform for the 1988-1998 full-size pickup truck platform. However, the C/K 2500 and 3500 series pickup trucks are designated GMT400 through the model year 2000. The GMT 410, GMT 420, GMT 425, and GMT 430 were used for full-size SUVs from 1991 to 1999. This was the first GMT designation for the C (RWD) and K (4WD/AWD) full-size trucks and SUVs.

title: GMT (TV programme)

text: "GMT" airs three times a day (10:00-10:30 GMT, 11:00-11:30 GMT and 12:00-13:00 GMT) each Monday through Friday on BBC World News. The programme acts as a morning programme for North America and South America, a daytime/afternoon programme for Europe, Middle East and Africa, an evening programme for Asia, and a late night/early morning programme for Australia and Oceania. The programme features analysis and discussion of the top news stories of the day and also previews the exclusive reports, correspondent feature films and interviews planned on BBC World News programme "BBC World News America" at 00:00 GMT later that day. In the United States, the first half-hour of the 12:00 GMT segment of the program is also syndicated to PBS member stations and select non-commercial educational independent stations through a distribution agreement between BBC World News and Los Angeles public independent KCET.

title: GM GMT platform

text: The GMT 900 debuted at the 2006 North American International Auto Show, as the next generation C/K full-size pickups and SUVs, and replacements for the GMT 800s. The first GMT 900 vehicle was the Chevrolet Tahoe, which arrived at dealers in January 2006. The GMC Yukon (regular and Denali) and Cadillac Escalade soon followed. Chevrolet Avalanches and Suburbans, GMC Yukon XLs, and Cadillac Escalade ESV and EXT were at dealers July 2006.

title: Operation Donnerkeil

text: The only success the British managed to achieve was to damage both the "Gneisenau" and "Scharnhorst" (the latter seriously). "Scharnhorst" hit two mines, one at 14:31 GMT, and a further one at 21:34 GMT. "Gneisenau" also struck a mine at 18:55 GMT. Both ships recovered and steamed on. "Scharnhost" had been stopped dead in the water with engine damage after the first hit. The failure to alert Bomber Command earlier meant a chance was missed to deliver an attack on "Scharnhorst" when it was most vulnerable. The second and third mine hits came after nightfall, which enabled both vessels to avoid further attacks. The last RAF sighting of the ships had occurred at 18:00 GMT.

title: Hamburg School of Astrology

text: The Hamburg School was established as an Association as "Astrologenverein Hamburger Schule" on October 31, 1925 at 9h45'51" PM (-1 = GMT), in Hamburg/Germany. In 1932 the first partner group was established in Düsseldorf/Germany by Theodor Keysers.

title: Japan Standard Time

text: According to this, the was set 9 hours ahead of GMT (UTC had not been established yet). In the ordinance, the first clause mentions GMT, the second defines east longitude and west longitude and the third says the standard timezone would be in effect from 1888. The city of Akashi in Hyōgo Prefecture is located exactly on 135 degrees east longitude and subsequently became known as "Toki no machi" (Town of Time).

title: Progress M1-5

text:
Progress M1-5 carried of fuel with which to perform the manoeuvres to deorbit "Mir". These were completed on 23 March, when three deorbit burns were made; the first two using just docking and attitude control thrusters, and the third using the main engine as well as the thrusters. The first burn began at 00:32:28 GMT, and lasted 21.5 minutes, leaving "Mir" in an orbit with a perigee of and an apogee of . The second burn, which began at 02:24 GMT and lasted 24 minutes, placed "Mir" into a by orbit. The final deorbit burn began at 05:07:36. It was scheduled to last 20 minutes, however flight controllers decided to let the Progress burn to depletion to ensure that the station re-entered as expected. The last signals from "Mir" were received at 05:30 GMT, as it passed out of range of its ground station.
"Mir" re-entered the atmosphere over the southern Pacific with Progress M1-5 still docked at 05:44 GMT. It began to disintegrate at 05:52, beginning with the detachment of solar panels, followed by other peripheral structures. The modules then buckled, before detaching completely. Debris came down in the ocean at around 06:00 GMT. Debris was intended to fall at around . An official statement announced that "Mir" "ceased to exist" at 05:59:24 GMT. The final tracking of "Mir" was conducted by a United States Army site on Kwajalein Atoll. The European Space Agency, German Federal Ministry of Defence and US National Aeronautics and Space Administration also assisted with tracking "Mir" during its final orbit and reentry. Former cosmonaut Vladimir Solovyov, who had been a member of the first crew to visit "Mir", led the mission control team which was on station during the deorbit.

title: GMT Games

text: GMT's name comes from the first name initials of founders Gene Billingsley, Mike Crane, and Terry Shrum. However, Crane and Shrum soon split acrimoniously with GMT, and founded their own company, the Fresno Gaming Association.

title: Kingdoms of Camelot

text: The "Might of Winter" event ran from Sat, 13 Feb 2010 08:00:00 GMT to Sat, 20 Feb 2010 08:00:00 GMT. Prizes ranged from 1000 gems for first place to 100 gems for fifth. Players scoring between sixth and one hundredth place received in game items.

title: GMT Games

text: Some of the better-known games produced by GMT Games include:

title: Progress M-01M

text: It was launched at 12:38 GMT on 26 November 2008 from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, atop a Soyuz-U carrier rocket. Following a four-day free flight, it docked with "Pirs" module of the ISS at 12:28 GMT on 30 November. It remained docked until 6 February 2009, when it undocked at 04:10 GMT. It subsequently spent two days in free flight, before being deorbited, and burning up in the atmosphere at 08:19 GMT on 8 February.

title: H-IIB

text: Before launch, two Captive Firing Tests were conducted on the H-IIB. The first test, which consisted of firing the first stage for ten seconds, was originally scheduled to occur at 02:30 GMT on 27 March 2009, however it was cancelled after the launch pad's coolant system failed to activate. This was later discovered to have been due to a manual supply valve not being open. The test was rescheduled for 1 April, but then postponed again due to a leak in a pipe associated with the launch facility's fire suppression system. The test was rescheduled for 2 April, when it was successfully conducted at 05:00 GMT. Following this, the second test, which involved a 150-second burn of the first stage, was scheduled for 20 April. This was successfully conducted at 04:00 GMT on 22 April, following a two-day delay due to unfavourable weather conditions. A ground test, using a battleship mockup of the rocket was subsequently conducted on 11 July.

title: The Great Battles of Alexander

text: "The Great Battles of Alexander" began development at Erudite Software in 1994, as an adaptation of the titular board wargame designed by Mark Herman and Richard Berg, first published by GMT Games in 1991. The physical "Great Battles" series was known as a commercial success in a period of falling sales for board games. "Alexander"s computer adaptation was first announced in late 1994, under the direction of Mark Herman, and was created with assistance from GMT. Erudite, a business software developer founded in 1990, initially hoped to self-publish the game. However, the company had partnered with publisher Strategic Simulations (SSI) by the time of "Alexander"s announcement. At that point, the game was set to include play-by-email (PBEM) support, and Herman explained his plan to apply artificial intelligence (AI) routines he had created originally for the United States Department of Defense. A summer 1995 release was planned.

title: Commando (aircraft)

text:
Flown by Wing Commander William Biddell OBE DFC, the aircraft took off from RAF Northolt at 23:00 hours GMT on Monday 26 March 1945 to fly to Ottawa, Canada with a refueling stop at Lagens Field in the Azores.
Routine contact was established between the aircraft and its base at 05:22 hours GMT in the morning with the flight proceeding as scheduled.
The flight was proceeding routinely when the last contact was made with RAF Transport Command at RAF Prestwick at 07:16 hours GMT on the morning of 27 March 1945 in position 40°30'N 20°17'W by civilian Radio Officer Frederick Williams aboard the aircraft, to advise an estimated time of arrival of 08:10 hours at Lagens Field. There were no further signals.

title: Progress M-10M

text: Progress M-10M undocked nominally at 9:04 GMT on 29 October 2011 from the Nadir port of the Pirs Docking Compartment after hooks open command at 9:01 GMT. An automated 15 seconds separation burn followed at 9:07 GMT. The cargo ship, loaded with trash, performed its 3-minute deorbit burn at 12:10:30 GMT. It entered the Earth's atmosphere at 12:48 PM GMT and burned up at 12:54 PM GMT. Surviving debris impacted in the Pacific Ocean at around 13:00 GMT.

title: Gallien-Krueger

text: Robert Gallien started his company, then named GMT, from his garage in San Jose, California, while working as an engineer for Hewlett-Packard. His first amps were the GMT 226A and 226B (named after their power output) and were unconventional in their design because they were built around transistors instead of tubes. Carlos Santana was one of the first to buy a GMT 226A (serial #6) and it can be clearly seen in the Woodstock movie.

title: Progress M-7

text: Progress M-7 was launched at 13:05:15 GMT on 19 March 1991, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. It took three attempts to dock with Mir; the first of which occurred at 14:28 GMT on 21 March, and resulted in Progress M-7 approaching to within of Mir, before the attempt was aborted. During a second attempt on 23 March, approach was aborted when the spacecraft was from Mir; however, it passed within before moving away to a holding position whilst the problem was investigated. The first two attempts had used the aft docking port of the "Kvant-1" module; however, it was decided to use the forward port of the core module for the next one. At 10:12:00 GMT on 26 March, the Soyuz TM-11 spacecraft which had been occupying this port undocked from it, before flying around the station and docking with Kvant-1 at 10:58:59. Progress M-7 successfully docked with Mir at 12:02:28 GMT on 28 March.

title: GM GMT platform

text: The first GMT K2XX vehicles were light-duty 2014 model year Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra full-size pickups. The 2015 Chevrolet Tahoe, Chevrolet Suburban, GMC Yukon, GMC Yukon XL, Cadillac Escalade, and Cadillac Escalade ESV full-size SUVs followed, then the 2015 Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD. Concurrent with the switch from GMT 900 to GMT K2XX, the Chevrolet Avalanche and Cadillac Escalade EXT were no longer produced. Hybrid versions of the Silverado, Sierra, and full-size SUVs were also discontinued. However, fuel economy of GMT K2XX vehicles increased over the GMT 900 predecessors thanks to usage of new Generation V/EcoTec3 V8 engines with direct injection and weight savings from the use of more high-strength steel. Turbocharged and diesel engines for light-duty models are also under consideration for future GMT K2XX trucks and SUVs.

title: Paths of Glory (board game)

text: The game "Pursuit of Glory" by Brad Stock and Brian Stock, covering the First World War against the Ottoman Empire in greater detail, was published by GMT Games in 2008. Another spin-off game, "Illusions of Glory," covering the Italian, Eastern, and Balkan Fronts in more detail, was published by GMT Games in 2017.

title: Sword of Rome

text: Sword of Rome is a board game for 2-5 players, designed by Wray Ferrell and first published in 2004 by GMT Games. A second edition, which expanded the game to support five players, was published in 2010.

title: 24-hour analog dial

text: Multiple time zones can be displayed by having multiple hour hands or a rotating bezel. The bezel is a ring around the outside of the watch's face. When it is used, the top of the watch always represents midnight (or noon) GMT. The bezel, which also has hour markings, is then rotated so that its numbering represents local time. So, a pilot always has GMT time available for talking to air traffic control and, when they land, only has to rotate the bezel to "set" the watch to their new local time. Glycine was the first to feature a 24-hour rotating bezel in 1953 with the Airman No.1 Pilot watch. The design became widely known when Rolex designed the Rolex GMT Master II for every Pan-Am pilot.

title: GM GMT platform

text: Applications:The GMT 800 and similar GMT 880 was the basis for the 1999-2007 Chevrolet Silverado full-size pickup truck. The derived GMT 820 and GMT 830 was used in the Suburban, among other full-size SUVs. This is the successor to the GMT 400 series of C/K pickups and SUVs.

title: Mark Simonitch

text: Simonitch was raised in Ross, California. He studied at California Polytechnic State University. He began wargaming in 1966, his first gaming experiences included "Jutland" and "Gettysburg" by Avalon Hill. From 1991 to 1994 he was a freelance artist and created maps and counters for over 100 wargames with clients including "Strategy & Tactics", "Command Magazine", GMT Games, 3W, and Avalanche Games. During this period he also started Rhino Game Company (or Rhino Studios) and published three games. He moved to Baltimore, Maryland in spring 1995 where he was employed by Avalon Hill until 1997. He has worked at GMT Games from 1997 to the present as a Graphic Designer.


query: When did American Horror Story: Murder House first air?

title: Murder House (American Horror Story)

text: "Murder House" is the third episode of the first season of the television series American Horror Story, which premiered on the network FX on October 19, 2011. The episode was written by Jennifer Salt and directed by Bradley Buecker. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV).

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: Due to a "very aggressive" production schedule and the series' pilot shoot having to wait for co-creators Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk's other show, "Glee", to wrap its second season production, it was announced that the show's first-season finale, the thirteenth episode, would be thirty minutes shorter than planned. Finally, the thirteenth episode was dropped and they made the twelfth episode 10 minutes longer (52 minutes). The finale aired on December 21, 2011.

title: List of awards and nominations received by American Horror Story

text:
The Fangoria Chainsaw Award is an accolade that honors the best in horror and thriller films, as well as television series. "American Horror Story" has won one award out of eight nominations.
The GLAAD Media Award is an accolade bestowed by the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) to recognize and honor various branches of the media for their outstanding representations of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community and the issues that affect their lives. "American Horror Story" has won one award out of two nominations.
The Golden Globe Award is an American award by 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. "American Horror Story" has been nominated nine times and has won twice for the performances of Lange and Gaga.
Founded in 1953, the Motion Picture Sound Editors (MPSE) is an honorary society of motion picture sound editors. Since 1989, they present the Golden Reel Awards, in which honors the best work in the various areas of sound editing. "American Horror Story" has received one award from three nominations.
The ICG Publicists Awards, created in 1964, honors excellence in publicity and promotion for motion pictures and television programs. "American Horror Story" has won once.
The "Kerrang!" Awards is an annual award show in the United Kingdom, founded by the music magazine, "Kerrang!". The first season, Murder House, was nominated once.
The Key Art Awards is an annual collection of honors given for outstanding achievement in artwork and other promotional materials advertising movies. The awards are sponsored by "The Hollywood Reporter". "American Horror Story" has received seven awards from 27 nominations.
The Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild is an American labor union representing make-up artists and hair stylist in feature films, television programs, commercials, live network events and theatrical productions. "American Horror Story" has won fourteen awards out of twenty-one nominations.
The MTV Fandom Awards is an annual awards ceremony established in 2014 by mtvU. Gaga has been nominated once.
The MTV Movie & TV Awards are an annual film and television awards show presented on MTV. The nominees are decided by producers and executives at MTV, and winners are decided online by the general public.
The NAACP Image Award was established in 1967 and is an accolade presented by the American National Association for the Advancement of Colored People to honor outstanding people of color in film, television, music, and literature. "American Horror Story" has received five nominations.
The NewNowNext Awards is an American annual entertainment award show, presented by the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-themed channel Logo. Launched in 2008, the awards are presented both for LGBT-specific and general interest achievements in entertainment and pop culture. Lange has been nominated once for her role in "American Horror Story".
The People's Choice Awards is an awards show recognizing the people and the work of popular culture. "American Horror Story" has received one award out of six nominations.
The Poppy Awards, formerly known as the EWwys, honors the Emmy-snubbed shows and actors of the year. "American Horror Story" has received two awards from three nominations.

title: Murder House (American Horror Story)

text: Charles Montgomery, the original owner of the house, develops an addiction to anesthesia and begins to conduct Frankenstein-like experiments. With the aid of his wife, Nora, Charles starts performing abortions on young women. Eventually the father of one of the aborted fetuses vengefully kidnaps, murders and dismembers their son Thaddeus. After the pieces of the child are delivered to the Montgomerys, Charles, driven insane, uses his abilities and other body parts to reconstruct it into a monster to Nora's horror. Nora shoots Charles in the head and then herself.

title: Chapter 6 (American Horror Story)

text: "Chapter 6" is the sixth episode of the sixth season of the anthology television series American Horror Story. It aired on October 19, 2016, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by Ned Martel and directed by Angela Bassett. One of the first major story arc changes of the series, the format of the series becomes a found footage horror depicting the aftermath of My Roanoke Nightmare and the development of a follow-up series, Return to Roanoke: Three Days in Hell.

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: The dark tone of the series is modeled after the ABC soap opera "Dark Shadows", which Murphy's grandmother forced him to watch when he was younger to toughen him up. He also cited "Rosemary's Baby", "Don't Look Now", "The Amityville Horror", and Stanley Kubrick's version of "The Shining" as influences for the series.

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: "American Horror Story" November 2011 international premiere across Europe and Latin America, on Fox International Channels, drew rankings of 1st or 2nd among all Pay-TV in most metered markets for its time slot. In the UK, it premiered on non-terrestrial channel FX, with 128,200 viewers. The second episode saw an increase of 27%, receiving an overall viewership of 158,700.

title: Murder House (American Horror Story)

text: Ben encounters Larry, who asks for money. When Ben returns home he blacks out again, and wakes up next to a shovel in the same spot in the yard. As he begins to dig, Constance encourages him to stay with the house and to build something over that spot.

title: List of American Horror Story: Murder House characters

text: For her performance in "Murder House", Britton was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie in 2012.

title: American Horror Story

text: American Horror Story's title screens offer vague hints to important plot elements and events that compose each season. For Murder House, Murphy described the sequence as a mini-mystery and stated that: "By the time you see the ninth episode of this season, every image in that title sequence will be explained," establishing the purpose of the title sequence for future seasons.[96]

title: Nine Horrors and a Dream

text: Nine Horrors and a Dream is a collection of fantasy and horror short stories by American writer Joseph Payne Brennan. It was released in 1958 by Arkham House in an edition of 1,336 copies. It was the author's first collection of stories to be published.

title: American Horror Story: Asylum

text: American Horror Story: Asylum is the second season of the American FX horror television series "American Horror Story," created by Brad Falchuk and Ryan Murphy. It originally aired from October 17, 2012 to January 23, 2013. The premise of the second season marked a departure from that of the series's , featuring all new characters and a new location, thus marking "American Horror Story" as an anthology series at the time.

title: I Am Anne Frank (American Horror Story)

text: "I Am Anne Frank" is a two-part episode, consisting of the fourth and fifth episodes of the of the FX anthology television series "American Horror Story". The first part aired on November 7, 2012, and the second aired on November 14, 2012. The first part is written by Jessica Sharzer and directed by Michael Uppendahl, and the second part is written by Brad Falchuk and directed by Alfonso Gomez-Rejon. Both episodes are rated TV-MA (LSV).

title: H. P. Lovecraft's Dreams in the Witch-House

text: "H. P. Lovecraft's Dreams in the Witch House" is the second episode of the first season of "Masters of Horror", directed by Stuart Gordon. It is adapted from the short story "The Dreams in the Witch House" by American horror author H. P. Lovecraft. It originally aired in North America on November 4, 2005. Ezra Godden had previously starred in another Stuart Gordon-directed Lovecraft adaptation, "Dagon", based on Lovecraft's novella "The Shadow over Innsmouth".

title: The End (American Horror Story)

text: "The End" is the first episode and season premiere of the of the anthology television series "American Horror Story". It aired on September 12, 2018, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by Ryan Murphy & Brad Falchuk, and directed by Bradley Buecker.

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: From the beginning, Murphy and Falchuk planned that each season of the series would tell a different story. After the first-season finale aired, Murphy spoke of his plans to change the cast and location for the second season, while retaining some actors from the first, "The people that are coming back will be playing completely different characters, creatures, monsters, etc. [The Harmons'] stories are done."

title: Murder House (American Horror Story)

text: on IMDb at TV.com at TV Guide.com

title: Murder House (American Horror Story)

text: Rotten Tomatoes reports a 67% approval rating, based on 6 reviews.[3] Matt Fowler, in his review for IGN, gave the episode an overall score of 7.5, stating that, ""Murder House" took a bit of a step backwards from the forward momentum we got in "Home Invasion", but it still offered up some wickedly puzzling frights and gave us all a new past atrocity to mull over."[4] Todd VanDerWerff from The A.V. Club gave the episode a D+ grade, and said that American Horror Story is "a terrible, messed-up television show. And yet by doing virtually everything horribly, it becomes preposterously entertaining."[5]

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: American Horror Story: Murder House (originally titled as American Horror Story) is the first season of the FX television series "American Horror Story". It aired between October 5, and December 21, 2011. The season was produced by 20th Century Fox Television, and the executive producers were Dante Di Loreto and series creators Brad Falchuk and Ryan Murphy.

title: Election Night (American Horror Story)

text: "Election Night" is the first episode and season premiere of the of the anthology television series "American Horror Story". It aired on September 5, 2017, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk, and directed by Bradley Buecker.

title: Open House (American Horror Story)

text: Violet shares the photos of the Montgomerys with Vivien, who is shocked to find that she recognizes Nora as one of the interested buyers for the house ("Murder House").

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: The first season of "American Horror Story" received generally positive reviews from critics. The series drew consistently high ratings for the FX network, ending its first season as the biggest new cable series of the year. The season was nominated for various industry awards, including the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama, and received a total of seventeen Emmy Award nominations. In addition, Lange won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress, the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series, and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie.

title: Return to Murder House

text: "Return to Murder House" is the sixth episode of the of the anthology television series "American Horror Story". It aired on October 17, 2018, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by Crystal Liu, and directed by Sarah Paulson.

title: American Horror Story

text: Roanoke featured no title sequence or opening credits, instead opting for a simple title card from the first season, Murder House, while the series theme music plays over the end credits. At the end of the finale's credits, the title of the season "American Horror Story: Roanoke" was revealed.

text: Violet returns in "Apocalypse". She is approached by Madison, who tells her that Tate's actions in the past were result of the Murder House, that was using him as vessel to conceive Michael, and that he is truly good. Violet accepts Tate's apology and they happily reunite even though it is later changed when a younger Michael Langdon is killed by Mallory after going back to the past to stop the apocalypse.

title: Murder House (American Horror Story)

text: In its original American broadcast, the third episode of American Horror Story was seen by an estimated 2.58 million household viewers and gained a 1.5 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode rose a tenth from the previous episode.[6]

text: For his performance in "Murder House", McDermott was nominated for the Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television.

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: In its first season, "American Horror Story" was nominated for 65 awards, and won 19.

title: American Horror Story: Murder House

text: On October 30, 2016, Murphy announced that a future crossover season of the series would continue the "Murder House" and "Coven" stories, merging their characters and themes. He did not state which season it would be, but that he had already reached out to actors from both seasons to reprise their respective roles. Murphy later confirmed one of the "Murder House" characters will be moved in the season finale of "Coven". However, on January 5, 2018, it was initially announced that the crossover season will be taking place in the ninth season, but on June 14, 2018, the crossover was moved from Season 9 to the eighth season, "" instead.

title: American Horror Story

text: On August 16, 2016, FX announced a deal had been struck to feature an American Horror Story exhibit at Universal Studios Hollywood and Universal Orlando for their Halloween Horror Nights. The maze will feature sets and themes from Murder House, Freak Show, and Hotel. Universal said of the experience, "Twisted scenes from Murder House will unleash the evil spirits that possess the Harmon estate, spiraling guests through decades of the tortured dead who previously resided there. In Freak Show, guests will join a troupe of biological misfits in a sinister sideshow where they'll be stalked by the murderous and deformed Twisty the Clown. Finally, guests will succumb to the warped desires of The Countess after checking into the haunted Hotel Cortez, conceived from the beginning as a torture chamber for its customers."[109]