query: What is the largest primate?

title: Eastern gorilla

text: The eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei) is a critically endangered species of the genus Gorilla and the largest living primate. At present, the species is subdivided into two subspecies. Grauer's gorilla, formerly known as the eastern lowland gorilla (G. b. graueri) is more populous, at about 3,800 individuals.[3] The mountain gorilla (G. b. beringei) has only about 1000 individuals.[4] The International Union for the Conservation of Nature mentioned illegal hunting in its assessment of threats to the species.[5][6]

title: Biomedical Primate Research Centre

text: The Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC) is Europe's largest primate animal testing research centre. It is a scientific research institute that performs research that contributes to the identification and development of new medicines against deadly diseases. It is located in Rijswijk, (Zuid-Holland) and employs about 110 people.

title: Primate city

text:
Urban primacy indicates the ratio of the primate city to the next largest i.e the second largest in a country or region. In other words, urban primacy can be defined as the central place in an urban or city network that has acquired or obtained a great level of dominance. The level of dominance is measured by population density and the number of functions offered. Higher functions and population will result in higher dominance
Information is taken from and sourced in the linked articles.

title: Primate city

text: Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, has been called "the most primate city on Earth", being roughly thirty-five times larger than Thailand's second-largest city of Nakhon Ratchasima. Taking the concept from his examination of the primate city during the 2010 Thai political protests and applying it to the role that primate cities play if they are national capitals, Jack Fong's study noted that when primate cities like Bangkok function as national capitals, they are inherently vulnerable to insurrectionary dynamics by the subaltern, and the dispossessed. He cites the simple fact that most primate cities serving as national capitals contain major headquarters for the country. Thus, logistically, it is rather "efficient" for national targets to be contested since they are all located within one major urban environment.

title: Archaeoindris

text: Though similar to "Palaeopropithecus", "Archaeoindris" was significantly larger and more robust. "Archaeoindris" was one of the largest primates to ever evolve, and was the largest-known strepsirrhine primate, weighing an estimated . It was roughly the size of an adult male gorilla, which was first noted by Lamberton.

title: Primate city

text: A primate city (Latin: "prime, first rank") is the largest city in its country or region, disproportionately larger than any others in the urban hierarchy. A "primate city distribution" is a rank-size distribution that has one very large city with many much smaller cities and towns, and no intermediate-sized urban centers: a King effect, visible as an outlier on an otherwise linear graph, when the rest of the data fit a power law or stretched exponential function. The "law of the primate city" was first proposed by the geographer Mark Jefferson in 1939. He defines a primate city as being "at least twice as large as the next largest city and more than twice as significant." Aside from size and economic influence, a primate city will usually have precedence in all other aspects of its country's society, such as being a center of politics, media, culture and education and receive most internal migration.

title: Endangered Primate Rescue Center

text: The Center is one of the first animal rescue centers in Vietnam and one of the largest primate rescue centers in Southeast Asia. It is a non-profit project aiming at rescuing, rehabilitation, breeding, research and conservation of endangered primate species in Vietnam.

title: Wildlife of Rwanda

text:
Nyungwe Forest boasts thirteen primate species including chimpanzees and Ruwenzori colobus arboreal monkeys; the Ruwenzori colobus move in groups of up to 400 individuals, the largest troop size of any primate in Africa.
Twenty species of mammals reported by Animal Diversity web of the Museum of Geology University of Michigan are as under.
Primates are the dominant species of fauna in the Nyungwe Forest. The species reported are Ruwenzori colobus, L’Hoest’s monkeys and chimpanzees (largest concentration of 13 species). An amphibian species reported is Hyperolius viridiflavus.

title: Duke Lemur Center

text: The Duke Lemur Center is an sanctuary for rare and endangered prosimian primates, located at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. It is the largest sanctuary for prosimian primates in the world.

title: Fauna of South Africa

text: The largest primate in the region, excluding humans, is the chacma baboon. A true generalist, it is found in virtually all habitats in South Africa. The other primates in the region are the vervet monkey and the Samango monkey. They are mainly frugivores, although they are true opportunists and may take eggs and nestlings from bird nests.

title: Animal testing

text: In the European Union, animal sources are governed by "Council Directive 86/609/EEC", which requires lab animals to be specially bred, unless the animal has been lawfully imported and is not a wild animal or a stray. The latter requirement may also be exempted by special arrangement. In 2010 the Directive was revised with EU Directive 2010/63/EU. In the UK, most animals used in experiments are bred for the purpose under the 1988 Animal Protection Act, but wild-caught primates may be used if exceptional and specific justification can be established. The United States also allows the use of wild-caught primates; between 1995 and 1999, 1,580 wild baboons were imported into the U.S. Over half the primates imported between 1995 and 2000 were handled by Charles River Laboratories, or by Covance, which is the single largest importer of primates into the U.S.

title: Mel Broughton

text: In July 2003, Broughton and Robert Cogswell set up a campaign to halt construction of a new non-human primate research facility at Cambridge University, the plans for which suggested it would be Europe's largest primate vivisection centre. The "Stop Primate Experiments at Cambridge" (SPEAC) campaign succeeded in persuading the university to abandon its plans in January 2004.

title: Sexual swelling

text: Sexual swellings are enlarged areas of the perineal skin occurring in some female primates that vary in size over the course of the menstrual cycle. Thought to be an honest signal of fertility, male primates are attracted to these swellings; preferring, and competing for, females with the largest swellings.

title: Dunbar's number

text: Comparisons of primate species show that what appears to be a link between group size and brain size, and also what species do not fit such a correlation, is explainable by diet. Many primates that eat specialized diets that rely on scarce food have evolved small brains to conserve nutrients and are limited to living in small groups or even alone, and they lower average brain size for solitary or small group primates. Small-brained species of primate that are living in large groups are successfully predicted by diet theory to be the species that eat food that is abundant but not very nutritious. Along with the existence of complex deception in small-brained primates in large groups with the opportunity (both abundant food eaters in their natural environments and originally solitary species that adopted social lifestyles under artificial food abundances), this is cited as evidence against the model of social groups selecting for large brains and/or intelligence.

title: Russell Mittermeier

text: Mittermeier has also been a leader in promoting species-focused ecotourism, particularly primate-watching and primate life-listing, and more recently turtle-watching and turtle life-listing, following the very successful model of the bird-watching community. To facilitate this, he launched a "Tropical Field Guide Series and a Pocket Guide Series" focused heavily on primates, but including a number of other species groups as well. More recent publications include "The Tropical Field Guide Series" are "Lemurs of Madagascar, Third Edition" (2010) and "Primates of West Africa" (2011) with a French edition of the "Lemurs of Madagascar" released in 2014. His own primate life-list, now totaling more than 350 species, is among the largest in the world.

title: Cleveland Metroparks Zoo

text: Opened originally as the Primate & Cat Building in 1975, the Primate, Cat & Aquatics Building houses one of the largest collections of primate species in North America, including western lowland gorillas, New World monkeys, aye-ayes, and several species of lemur. However, the building does not house the Zoo's entire primate population; numerous primate species can also be found in the RainForest. In 1985, the Cleveland Aquarium permanently closed and donated its collection of exotic fishes and invertebrates to the Metroparks Zoo. A section of the Primate & Cat building was renovated to accommodate the new Aquatics section, which currently features 35 salt- and freshwater exhibits including a variety of sharks, piranhas, a giant Pacific octopus, electric eels, and hundreds of living coral.

title: Dopaminergic cell groups

text: Group A10 is the largest group of dopaminergic cells in the ventral midbrain tegmentum of rodents and primates. The cells are located for the most part in the ventral tegmental area, the linear nucleus and, in primates, the part of central gray of the midbrain located between the left and right oculomotor nuclear complexes.

title: Testament of Pope John Paul II

text: 1. When, on 16 October 1978, the Conclave of Cardinals chose John Paul II, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, the Primate of Poland, said to me: "The task of the new Pope will be to lead the Church into the Third Millennium". I do not know if I am repeating the sentence exactly as he said it, but this was at least the sense of what I heard him say at the time. These words were spoken by the Man who went down in history as the Primate of the Millennium: a great Primate. I witnessed his mission, his total confidence, his struggles and his triumph. "When victory is won, it will be a victory through Mary": The Primate of the Millennium was fond of repeating these words of his Predecessor, Cardinal August Hlond.

title: Harry Prosen

text: Prosen’s interest in empathy prepared him well for his later work with primates, in particular bonobos, considered to be the most empathetic of all primates. Since 1998, he has been psychiatric consultant to the Bonobo Species Preservation Society, assisting primatologists working with one of the largest collections of captive bonobo primates in the world at the Milwaukee County Zoo, studying bonobo culture and development. This work has led to Prosen receiving numerous consultations from the United States and other parts of the world concerning psychological and other problems in primates. Recently, the rehabilitation of an emotionally disturbed young bonobo named "Brian" generated substantial publicity, including a story in "The Atlantic" as well as appearing in Laurel Braitman's 2014 book "Animal Madness".

title: Global Anglican Future Conference

text: The third Global Anglican Future Conference was held in Jerusalem, Israel, from 17 to 22 June 2018. The GAFCON 3 was the largest international reunion of Anglicans since the Toronto Congress, in 1963. It was attended, according to their official numbers, by 1966 delegates, 1292 men and 670 women, from 53 countries. These numbers include 993 clergy, among whom were 333 bishops, and 973 lay people. The number of active and retired archbishops attending was 38, including seven current Primates of the Anglican Communion, Jackson Ole Sapit, of Kenya, Stanley Ntagali, of Uganda, Laurent Mbanda, of Rwanda, James Wong, of the Indian Ocean, Nicholas Okoh, of Nigeria, Stephen Than Myint Oo, of Myanmar, and Gregory Venables, of South America. Two GAFCON recognized Primates also attended, Foley Beach, of North America, and Miguel Uchôa, of the Anglican Church in Brazil. Primates Justin Badi Arama, of South Sudan, and Maimbo Mndolwa, of Tanzania, weren't able to attend, despite being registered. Six retired Primates also attended, Peter Akinola, of Nigeria, Eliud Wabukala, of Kenya, Onesphore Rwaje, of Rwanda, Jacob Chimeledya, of Tanzania, Tito Zavala, of Anglican Church of South America, and Robert Duncan, of North America. The largest single national delegation was from the Church of Nigeria, with 472 members. The number of Anglo-Catholics was smaller than in the two previous conferences. At the conclusion of the conference, it was announced that in early 2019, Archbishop Foley Beach, Primate of the Anglican Church in North America, will succeed Archbishop Nicholas Okoh, Primate of the Church of Nigeria, as Chair of GAFCON's Primates Council; and Archbishop Benjamin Kwashi, former Archbishop of Jos in Nigeria, will succeed Archbishop Peter Jensen, former Archbishop of Sydney, as GAFCON's General Secretary.

title: SPEAK campaign

text: The campaign was born out of "Stop Primate Experimentation at Cambridge" (SPEAC), which in 2004 halted the construction at the University of Cambridge of a new primate research facility. Had it gone ahead, the facility would have been Europe's largest primate testing centre. Cambridge announced in January 2004 that the facility would not be built as a result of delays caused in part by animal rights protesters.

title: Gigantopithecus

text: Gigantopithecus (from the Ancient Greek ' "giant", and ' "ape") is an extinct genus of ape that existed from perhaps nine million years to as recently as one hundred thousand years ago, at the same period as "Homo erectus" would have been dispersed, in what is now India, Vietnam, China and Indonesia placing "Gigantopithecus" in the same time frame and geographical location as several hominin species. The primate fossil record suggests that the species "Gigantopithecus blacki" were the largest known primates that ever lived, standing up to and weighing as much as , although some argue that it is more likely that they were much smaller, at roughly in height and in weight.

title: Phalanx bone

text:
Among non-human primates phylogenesis and style of locomotion appear to play a role in apical tuft size. Suspensory primates and New World monkeys have the smallest apical tufts, while terrestrial quadrupeds and Strepsirrhines have the largest.
A study of the fingertip morphology of four small-bodied New World monkey species, indicated a correlation between increasing small-branch foraging and reduced flexor and extensor tubercles in distal phalanges and broadened distal parts of distal phalanges, coupled with expanded apical pads and developed epidermal ridges. This suggests that widened distal phalanges were developed in arboreal primates, rather than in quadrupedal terrestrial primates.

title: Animal testing on non-human primates

text: Eighty-two percent of primate procedures in the UK in 2006 were in applied studies, which the Home Office defines as research conducted for the purpose of developing or testing commercial products. Toxicology testing is the largest use, which includes legislatively required testing of drugs. The second largest category of research using primates is "protection of man, animals, or environment", accounting for 8.9% of all procedures in 2006. The third largest category is "fundamental biological research,", accounting for 4.9% of all UK primate procedures in 2006. This includes neuroscientific study of the visual system, cognition, and diseases such as Parkinson's, involving techniques such as inserting electrodes to record from or stimulate the brain, and temporary or permanent inactivation of areas of tissue.

title: Primatology

text: For Japanese researchers in primatology, the findings of the team are emphasised over the individual. The study of primates is a group effort, and the group will get the credit for it. A team of researchers may observe a group of primates for several years in order to gather very detailed demographic and social histories.Where sociobiology attempts to understand the actions of all animal species within the context of advantageous and disadvantageous behaviors, primatology takes an exclusive look at the order Primates, which includes "Homo sapiens". The interface between primatology and sociobiology examines in detail the evolution of primate behavioral processes, and what studying our closest living primate relatives can tell about our own minds. As the American anthropologist Earnest Albert Hooton used to say, "." ("I am a primate; nothing about primates is outside of my bailiwick".) The meeting point of these two disciplines has become a nexus of discussion on key issues concerning the evolution of sociality, the development and purpose of language and deceit, and the development and propagation of culture.

title: Jim Cronin (zoo keeper)

text: Cronin's sanctuary had successfully recruited a number of Primate Care Staff who see that the day-to-day requirements of the primates are met. Veterinary consultants were brought in to help treat the animals and Adoption Schemes were set up to allow the park to continue its rescue and rehabilitation work. The biggest rescue the centre undertook was that of the 19 retired stump-tailed macaques from a medical research laboratory in the UK; but the rescue mission in 2008, of the 88 capuchin monkeys from a medical research laboratory in Chile, took the record of the largest rescue of primates in the world.

title: Wildlife of Sierra Leone

text:
Sierra Leone has 15 identified species of primates that include bushbaby, monkeys and a great ape, the common chimpanzee which is Sierra Leone's largest primate. Chimpanzees are found across the country with the 2010 chimpanzee census estimated a wild population in excess of 5500 more than double the number previously thought to live in the country. This is the second largest population of the endangered subspecies of western chimpanzee, after Guinea,
with the largest density in the Loma area, 2.69 individuals per km2, and the Outamba, with 1.21 individuals per km2.

title: Amphipithecus

text: Amphipithecus mogaungensis ("ape-like creature of Mogaung", derived from the Ancient Greek , ' meaning "around" and ', "" meaning "ape") was a primate that lived in Late Eocene Myanmar. Along with another primate "Pondaungia cotteri", both are difficult to categorise within the order Primates. What little is known suggests that they are neither adapiform or omomyid primates, two of the earliest primate groups to appear in the fossil record. Deep mandibles and mandibular molars with low, broad crowns suggest they are both simians, a group that includes monkeys, apes, and humans, though more material is needed for further comparison. The teeth also suggest that these were frugivore primates, with a body mass of .

title: Jimmy Havoc

text: Havoc moved to What Culture Pro Wrestling after his stint in CZW, Havoc faced Primate to crown the inaugural WCPW Hardcore Championship. At WCPW Refuse To Lose, after War Machine retained the WCPW Tag Team Championships against The Young Bucks, Primate came out to get his Hardcore Championship back from ringside. War Machine didn't let him get his belt back. Havoc came out and announced that on Loaded, Havoc and Primate would face War Machine for the WCPW Tag Team Championships, which Havoc and Primate won. At #WeAreDefiant Havoc faced Primate for the new Defiant Hardcore Championship in a losing effort. On the second episode of Defiant, Havoc and Primate defeated BT Gunn and Joe Coffey to retain the Defiant Tag Team Championships.

title: Animal Defenders International

text: The Save The Primates campaign was launched in 2009, in an attempt to expose the global primate trade across three continents, including one of Europe’s largest testing facilities – Huntingdon Life Sciences in Cambridgeshire.

title: Archicebus

text: Archicebus is a genus of fossil primates that lived in the early Eocene forests (~55 million years ago) of what is now Jingzhou in the Hubei Province in central China, discovered in 2003. The only known species, A. achilles, was a small primate, estimated to weigh approximately , and is the only known member of the family Archicebidae. As of 2013, it is the oldest fossil haplorhine primate skeleton discovered, and is most closely related to tarsiers and the fossil omomyids, although "A. achilles" is suggested to have been diurnal whereas tarsiers are nocturnal. Resembling tarsiers and simians (monkeys, apes, and humans), it was a haplorhine primate, and it also may have resembled the last common ancestor of all haplorhines as well as the last common ancestor of all primates. Its discovery further supports the hypothesis that primates originated in Asia, not in Africa.


query: Is there a sequel to Prison Break?

title: Prison Break

text: In June 2015, it was reported that a revival was in development at Fox.[9] The limited series is a sequel to the original series, taking place several years later and features Wentworth Miller and Dominic Purcell reprising their roles as well as the return of series creator Paul Scheuring. Despite Michael being killed in the series finale, Fox CEO Dana Walden said that the series will provide "a logical and believable explanation to why the characters are alive and still moving around the world".[10] In January 2016, Fox officially ordered the revival to series, with the episode order revised to nine episodes.[11] In March 2016, it was confirmed that Sarah Wayne Callies, Amaury Nolasco, Robert Knepper, Rockmond Dunbar and Paul Adelstein would reprise their roles.[12][13][14] Filming began in April 2016 in Vancouver, and several Moroccan cities including Rabat, Casablanca, and Ouarzazate.[12][15] It debuted on April 4, 2017, and aired on Tuesdays at 9:00 pm.[5]

title: Prison Tycoon

text: A sequel, "Prison Tycoon 2: Maximum Security", was released on September 8, 2006, followed by "Prison Tycoon 3: Lockdown" in 2007 and "Prison Tycoon 4: Supermax" in 2008, then "Prison Tycoon: Alcatraz" in late 2010.

title: List of Prison Break episodes

text: The first five seasons of "Prison Break" have been released on DVD and Blu-ray in Regions 1, 2, and 4. Each DVD boxed set includes all of the broadcast episodes from that season, the associated special episode, commentary from cast and crew, and profiles of various parts of "Prison Break", such as Fox River State Penitentiary or the tattoo. "Prison Break" is also available online, including iTunes, Amazon Video, and Netflix. After the premiere of the second season of "Prison Break", Fox began online streaming of the prior week's episode, though it originally restricted viewing to the United States.

title: Bauchi prison break

text: The Bauchi prison break was an attack on Bauchi prison in the northern Nigerian city of Bauchi by 50 gunmen. The attack occurred on . The gunmen were suspected to be members of Boko Haram. 721 prisoners escaped the prison.

title: Nigeria prison break

text: On 10 October 2014, an unsuccessful prison break at the Kirikiri Medium Prison in Lagos State, a southwestern Nigeria by some convicted inmates of the prison was reported. This incident left 20 prisoner dead and 80 others injured and 12 escape.

title: Prison Break (season 5)

text: On January 17, 2015, Fox Television Group chairman and CEO Gary Newman made it clear that they would love to bring "Prison Break" back for another run, although Fox had nothing to report. Newman himself stated, "There's some speculation in the press at "Prison Break" and we've made it clear at the studio that we'd bring "Prison Break" back at the studio [...] It's the perfect event series. But at the moment, we have nothing else to report."

title: Minna prison break

text: The Minna prison break was an attack on Minna medium prison, Minna in the northwestern Nigerian city of Niger State by three unknown gunmen suspected to be armed robbers. The attack occurred on 6 December 2014. 270 prisoners escaped from the prison leaving a security officer injured. The escaped prisoners were largely gangs of armed robbers, awaiting trial. It was reported that one of the notorious armed robbers in the prison called Osama took part in the jail break.

title: Prison Break (season 5)

text: On August 6, 2015, Fox confirmed a 10-episode order for the revival. The limited series is a sequel to the original series, taking place several years later, and features Miller and Purcell reprising their roles as well as the return of other original characters. Fox Television Group chairman and CEO Dana Walden herself stated that "Prison Break" has performed particularly well internationally and on SVOD platforms such as Netflix. Walden added that: "a logical and believable explanation to why the characters are alive and still moving around the world [...]" Walden said. "The brothers and some of the iconic characters will be back, and it will address some questions that were set up at the end of the series for a new audience."

title: Lagos prison break

text: The Lagos prison break was an attack on the Kirikiri medium Security Prison at Apapa in Lagos State, a southwestern Nigeria by some convicted inmates of the prison. The attack was an attempt to break the prison but was unsuccessful. It was reported that 20 inmate was dead and 32 was injured as a result of the attack

title: Destro

text: Jon M. Chu said that fans will get a glimpse of Destro in "", but Christopher Eccleston will not reprise his role in the sequel. When Storm Shadow and Firefly break Cobra Commander out of prison, Cobra Commander decides to leave Destro imprisoned.

title: Agodi prison break

text:
The incident was reported to have occurred on 11 September 2007. The event was masterminded by certain groups of condemned criminals and awaiting trial prisoners who attempted to escaped from the prison. The scenario began when the prison warder on duty wanted to serve the prisoners breakfast. Immediately the door was opened they rushed out of the cell with force, beating up the officer with an attempt to release other prisoners from their cells.
Police arrived at the scene to curtail the incipient prison break and this resulted in a clash between the inmates and the police. This resulted in the death of eight prisoners and injury of eighteen others.
The prison break was unsuccessful as no prisoner was able to escaped from the prison.

title: Chí Hòa Prison

text: The prison is also infamous for its high security. It is considered to be a prison from which the prisoners can never break out of. However, there have been two successful prison breaks in the past: the first one occurred in 1945 when the Viet Minh took the advantage of the defeat of Japan in World War II to attack and free its members who were jailed in an incomplete and ill-guarded Chi Hoa prison. And the second one was the prison break of the infamous Vietnamese robber Phuoc Tam Ngon (Phuoc the eight-finger) in 1995 when he managed to break his fetters and evade the security forces in a prison break which Vietnamese police described as ""an unbelievable prison break"".

title: Prison Break: Proof of Innocence

text: Prison Break: Proof of Innocence is a low-budget spin-off series of the American television series, "Prison Break". Made exclusively for mobile phones, its first mobisode became available on the internet for viewing on May 8, 2006. Due to the success of the Fox network's television series "Prison Break", the release of this mobisode series was an exclusive deal made between Toyota Motor and News Corporation's Fox network, allowing Toyota to sponsor exclusive content of the show and to obtain advertising exclusivity.

title: Nigeria prison break

text: On 6 December 2014, about a week after the Ekiti prison break, Minna medium prison was attacked by 3 unknown gunmen suspected to be armed robbers. This prison break resulted in the escape of 270 prisoners leaving 1 security officer injured with no death recorded.

title: Nigeria prison break

text: A prison break is an unlawful act under Nigerian law, of a prisoner forcing their way out of a prison. It can also be described as attacks on the Nigerian Prisons Services by terrorists such as Boko Haram and armed robbers. Often, when this occurs effort are made by the Nigerian Prisons Services in conjunction with security agency to rearrest the escapee and return them to the prison and this may result in the extension of their jail term. Prison break in Nigeria may be attributed to corruption, poor funding of the prison services, poor prison facilities, inadequate security features such as CCTV, motion sensors, high wall made up of barbed wire and sometimes electric fencing of the wall.

title: Lagos prison break

text:
The incident was reported to have occurred on 10 October 2014 at around 4 pm. The prison break was unsuccessful as a result of a collaborative effort of the and the Kirikiri divisional police officers in conjunction with the officers of the Nigerian Prisons Services on duty, who prevented the prison break.
The incident was linked with a minor riot that occurred within the prison, a riot whose causes was unclear.

title: Prison Break: Proof of Innocence

text: The release of "Prison Break: Proof of Innocence" mobisodes on Toyota's "Prison Break" webpage began on May 8, 2006. There are 26 installments in the series.

title: Ogun prison break

text: The Ogun prison break was an attack on the Sagamu minimum prison in the southwestern Nigerian city of Ogun State by the prisoners. The attack occurred on 4 January 2013. About 20 prisoners escaped from the prison leaving several prison officials and prisoners seriously injured with no death recorded. About 4 escaped convicts were rearrested by the Armed Squad of the Prison Service. It was reported that one escaped convict returned to the prison voluntarily to serve out his short sentence

title: Prison Break (soundtrack)

text: Prison Break is the first soundtrack of the American television series "Prison Break", composed by Ramin Djawadi, and was released in 2007, bringing together music used for seasons 1 and 2. Released in August 2007, the album includes thirty-one music composed specially for seasons 1 and 2 of "Prison Break", although many will be included in the following seasons, in their original version or variant.

title: Minna prison break

text:
The incident was reported to have occurred on Saturday, 6 December 2014, about a week after the Ekiti prison break. The unknown gunmen, suspected to be armed robbers freed 270 inmates and also looted weapons and bullet-proof vest of the Nigerian Prisons Services. About 108 of the escaped prisoners was rearrested by the Nigerian Prisons Services in conjunction with Nigerian police after the attack.
This incident resulted in the remover and suspension of the Niger State prison controller, Musa Maiyaki and the Officer-in-Charge of Medium Security Prison Minna, Mohammed Buena and all officers on duty on the day of the jail break by the federal government of Nigeria through the minister of interior Abba Moro following a recommendation by the controller general of the Nigerian Prisons Services, Dr Peter Ekpendu.

title: The Wild Geese

text: Euan Lloyd produced a sequel, "Wild Geese II" (1985), based on the novel "Square Circle" (later republished as "Wild Geese II"), also by Daniel Carney. Burton was planning to reprise his role as Colonel Allen Faulkner, but he died days before filming began. Roger Moore had also considered reprising his role in the sequel, but declined. In the sequel, Edward Fox played Alex Faulkner (the Burton character's brother), who is hired to break Nazi war criminal Rudolf Hess (played by Laurence Olivier) out of Spandau Prison so he can appear for a media interview.

title: 2015 Al Khalis prison break

text: On 8 May 2015, a prison break occurred in the Iraqi town of Al Khalis. More than fifty prisoners escaped in the break, including nine who had been facing terrorism charges. An estimated fifty other prisoners and twelve police officers died in the prison break.

title: Prison Break: The Conspiracy

text: Prison Break: The Conspiracy is an action-adventure video game based on the first season of the Fox television series "Prison Break", released for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3.

title: John S. Davies (actor)

text: His professional career included over 60 theatre performances as well as directing many others. His better known television and film work includes "RoboCop" (1987), "JFK", (1991), "Walker Texas Ranger", "Rough Riders" (1997), "The Alamo" (2004), "Prison Break", and the direct to video sequel of "Walking Tall", "".

title: Nigeria prison break

text: Several methods can be used to facilitate prison break. Physical method is the most common method adopted by the perpetrators of Nigeria prison break. This method involved the use of arms and sometimes explosives such as dynamite to subdue the prison armed guard and other officials resulting in fatal casualties.

title: Prison Break

text: On October 24, 2007, The Hollywood Reporter reported that a spin off was under development, tentatively titled Prison Break: Cherry Hill. The series was to revolve around an upper-middle-class housewife, Molly, and her stint in a women's prison.[41] However, the producers' original idea to introduce Molly in the third season of Prison Break was later dropped due to the writers' strike. The new series would instead begin under the Prison Break brand similar to CSI: Miami and CSI: NY.[42]

title: Nigeria prison break

text: On 2 November 2014, another prison break was reported in Koto-Karffi Federal Medium Security Prisons in Kogi State, a north-central Nigeria by numbers of gunmen suspected to be members of boko haram. This incident resulted in the escape of 144 prisoners from the prison leaving 1 inmate dead and 45 escaped prisoners were rearrested.

title: Nigeria prison break

text:
Prison break is pervasive in all Nigeria prisons. several cases of prison break have been reported between 2009 and 2014 in Nigeria. This had resulted in the escape of over 2000 prisoners across the Nigeria prisons.
On 4 January 2013, it was reported that Shagamu minimum prison in the southwestern Nigerian city of Ogun State were attacked resulting in the escape of 20 prisoners leaving several prison officials and other prisoners injured. About 4 escapee were rearrested by the Armed Squad of the Prison Service.

title: Prison Break: Season 3 & 4 (soundtrack)

text: Prison Break: Season 3 & 4 is the second soundtrack of the American television series Prison Break, composed by Ramin Djawadi, bringing together music used for the third and fourth season. Released in June 2009, the album includes twenty-one music composed specially for seasons 3 and 4 of Prison Break.

title: Prison Break Anthem

text: "Prison Break Anthem" is a single by Belgian rapper Kaye Styles, released in 2006 on the Mostiko label. Styles version was used as the theme song for the television series "Prison Break" in Belgium. It peaked at number 3 on the Flanders singles chart.

title: List of prison breaks in Nigeria

text: Prison breaks are a major challenge of the Nigerian Prisons Services. Between 2009 and 2014, several cases of prison break have been recorded resulting in the escaped of over 2200 prisoners.


query: How long was the longest recorded crocodile?

title: Lolong

text: Lolong (died 10 February 2013) was the largest crocodile in captivity. He was a saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) measured at 6.17m (20ft 3in), and weighed 1,075kg (2,370lb), making him one of the largest crocodiles ever measured from snout-to-tail.[1][2][3][4]

title: Freshwater crocodile

text: Although the freshwater crocodile does not attack humans as potential prey, it can deliver a nasty bite. Brief and rapidly abandoned attacks have occurred, and were likely the result of mistaken identity (mistaking a part of the human as a typical prey item). Other attacks have occurred in self-defense when the crocodile was touched or approached too closely. There have been no known human fatalities caused by this species. There have been few incidents where people have been bitten whilst swimming with freshwater crocodiles, and others incurred during scientific study. An attack by a freshwater crocodile on a human was recorded at Barramundi Gorge (also known as Maguk) in Kakadu National Park and resulted in minor injuries; the victim managed to swim and walk away from the attack. He had apparently passed directly over the crocodile in the water. However, in general, it is still considered safe to swim with this species, so long as they are not aggravated.

title: Cassius (crocodile)

text: Cassius is a male saltwater crocodile ("Crocodylus porosus") recognized by the Guinness World Records as the world's largest crocodile in captivity in 2011. The animal measures in length, weighs approximately and is estimated to be more than 110 years old. Kept at the Marineland Crocodile Park, a zoo on Green Island, Queensland, Australia, Cassius was officially recognized by Guinness in 2011, but lost the title in 2012 to Lolong, a saltwater crocodile caught in the southern Philippines. Cassius again holds the record since Lolong's death in 2013.

title: List of largest reptiles

text: The largest living reptile, a representative of the order Crocodilia, is the saltwater crocodile ("Crocodylus porosus") of Southern Asia and Australia, with adult males being typically long. The largest confirmed saltwater crocodile on record was long, and weighed about . Unconfirmed reports of much larger crocodiles exist, but examinations of incomplete remains have never suggested a length greater than . A living specimen estimated at and has been accepted by the Guinness Book of World Records, but due to the difficulty of trapping and measuring a very large living crocodile, the accuracy of these dimensions has yet to be verified. A specimen caught alive in the Philippines in 2011 (now dead) was found to have measured in length.

title: Orthosuchus

text: "Orthosuchus" has similar pectoral girdles and pelvic girdles compare to living crocodiles, with a long scapula and a shorter coracoid. The interclavicle is hypothesized to be cartilaginous. As for the forelimb, the fossil records showed that "Orthosuchus" has similar humerus, but the distal and proximal expansions does not lay on the same plane as the modern crocodiles. Also, not like the living crocodiles, the ulna and radius of "Orthosuchus", or other typical archosaurs, are around 88% of the length of the humerus, while the radius and ulna in modern crocodiles are the shortest elements in the forelimb. It has two non-elongated carpals, with one of the elliptical shape. "Orthosuchus" appeared to have 5 digits. The first digit is the shortest and the fifth digit is the weakest. Although some of the phalanges are missing, it is believed that the phalanges formula is 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3. The femur is thought to be the longest bone. The tibia is more developed than the fibula, and they are 94% of the length of the femur. Taking all the bones into account, the forelimb is 91% the length of the hind limb. "Orthosuchus" has similar astragalus and calcaneum. Compared to the astragalus, the rectangular shaped calcaneum is small in size and forms a prominent tuber.

title: Saltwater crocodile

text: The largest confirmed saltwater crocodile on record drowned in a fishing net in Papua New Guinea in 1979, its dried skin plus head measured long and it was estimated to have been when accounting for shrinkage and a missing tail tip. However, according to evidence, in the form of skulls coming from some of the largest crocodiles ever shot, the maximum possible size attained by the largest members of this species is considered to be . A governmental study from Australia accepts that the very largest members of the species are likely to measure in length and weigh . Furthermore, a research paper on the morphology and physiology of crocodilians by the same organisation estimates that saltwater crocodiles reaching sizes of would weigh around . Due to extensive poaching during the 20th century, such individuals are extremely rare today in most areas, as it takes a long time for the crocodiles to attain those sizes. Also, a possible earlier presence of particular genes may have led to such large-sized saltwater crocodiles, genes that were ultimately lost from the overall gene pool due to extensive hide and trophy hunting in the past. However, with recent restoration of saltwater crocodile habitat and reduced poaching, the number of large crocodiles is increasing, especially in Odisha. This species is the only extant crocodilian to regularly reach or exceed . A large male from Philippines, named Lolong, was the largest saltwater crocodile ever caught and placed in captivity. He was 20 ft 3 in (6.17 m), and weighed 2,370 lbs (1,075 kg). Believed to have eaten two villagers, Lolong was captured on 3 September 2011, and died in captivity on 10 February 2013.

title: Largest organisms

text: The Permian era "Cotylorhynchus", from what is now the southern United States, probably was the largest of all synapsids (most of which became extinct 250 million years ago), at and 2 tonnes. The largest carnivorous synapsid was "Anteosaurus" from what is now South Africa during Middle Permian era. "Anteosaurus" was long, and weighed about .The largest living reptile, a representative of the order Crocodilia, is the saltwater crocodile ("Crocodylus porosus") of Southern Asia and Australia, with adult males being typically long. The largest confirmed saltwater crocodile on record was long, and weighed about . Unconfirmed reports of much larger crocodiles exist, but examinations of incomplete remains have never suggested a length greater than . Also, a living specimen estimated at and has been accepted by the Guinness Book of World Records. However, due to the difficulty of trapping and measuring a very large living crocodile, the accuracy of these dimensions has yet to be verified. A specimen named Lolong caught alive in the Philippines in 2011 (died February 2013) was found to have measured in length.

title: Crocodile

text: Size greatly varies among species, from the dwarf crocodile to the saltwater crocodile. Species of "Osteolaemus" grow to an adult size of just , whereas the saltwater crocodile can grow to sizes over and weigh . Several other large species can reach over long and weigh over . Crocodilians show pronounced sexual dimorphism, with males growing much larger and more rapidly than females. Despite their large adult sizes, crocodiles start their lives at around long. The largest species of crocodile is the saltwater crocodile, found in eastern India, northern Australia, throughout South-east Asia, and in the surrounding waters.

title: Margaret Lim

text:
Bilun is naturally annoyed with Spider-bird, whose wounded feelings have to be soothed first before Bilun can begin his dangerous journey to Long Lama where his brother mouse deer is holding the birthday party.
Then Bilun has to convince the King of the upriver crocodiles to line up his crocodile subjects all the way down to Long Lama, so that Bilun can count them. If there are more upriver crocodiles than estuarine crocodiles, the King of the upriver crocodiles will be the undisputed king of all crocodiles.

title: West African crocodile

text: Compared to the Nile crocodile, the West African crocodile is smaller: Adults are typically long, and maximum is perhaps . It is less aggressive than the Nile crocodile, but several attacks on humans have been recorded, including fatal. Mauritanian traditional peoples who live in close proximity to West African crocodiles revere them and protect them from harm. This is due to their belief that, just as water is essential to crocodiles, so crocodiles are essential to the water, which would permanently disappear if they were not there to inhabit it. Here the crocodiles live in apparent peace with the humans, and are not known to attack swimmers.

title: Saltwater crocodile

text: Saltwater crocodiles have the strongest bite of any animal today. A -long saltwater crocodile has been confirmed as having the highest bite force ever recorded for an animal in a laboratory setting, with a bite force value of (surpassing the previous record of made by an American alligator ("Alligator mississippinesis")). Based on the regression of mean body mass and mean bite force, the bite forces of multiple crocodile species, individuals were estimated at to . The extraordinary bite of crocodilians is a result of their anatomy. The space for the jaw muscle in the skull is very large, which is easily visible from the outside as a bulge at each side. The nature of the muscle is extremely stiff, almost as hard as bone to the touch, such that it can appear to be the continuum of the skull. Another trait is that most of the muscle in a crocodile's jaw is arranged for clamping down. Despite the strong muscles to close the jaw, crocodiles have extremely small and weak muscles to open the jaw. The jaws of a crocodile can be securely shut with several layers of duct tape.

title: List of reptiles of Kaziranga National Park

text:
The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus), (Hindi : घऱियाल, Marathi : सुसर Susar), also called Indian gavial or gavial, is the only surviving member of the once well-represented family Gavialidae, a long-established group of crocodilians with long, slender snouts.[2] The gharial is listed as a critically endangered species by IUCN.[1]
The gharial is one of the three crocodilians found in India, the others being the Mugger crocodile and the Saltwater crocodile.[3] It is one of the longest of all living crocodilians.[4

title: Lepas anatifera

text: "Lepas anatifera" has long been known to grow on sea turtles, but in 2008, some small specimens were found attached to an American crocodile ("Crocodylus acutus") on the Pacific coast of Mexico. This crocodile species mostly inhabits mangrove swamps and river estuaries but it is salt tolerant, and is sometimes found in marine environments. In this instance, the size of the goose-neck barnacles indicated that the crocodile must have been in the sea for at least a week. This is the first time that "Lepas anatifera" has been recorded as an epibiont of a crocodilian.

title: Crocodile

text: The longest crocodile captured alive is Lolong, which was measured at and weighed at by a National Geographic team in Agusan del Sur Province, Philippines.

title: Samphran Elephant Ground & Zoo

text: For the crocodile wrestling, performers show the visitors how to catch crocodiles with their bare hands and also put their arms or heads inside the crocodile’s jaws.

title: Crocodilia in India

text: The mugger crocodile is India's most common species. They are not as long as saltwater crocodiles. Their average size is about 13–14 feet. Until the British colonised India, crocodiles were never critically endangered. Afterwards, an Indian biologist (of American origin) named Romulus Whitaker established the Madras Crocodile Bank for conservation and breeding of crocodiles. Now, there are thousands of crocodiles in the Madras bank alone. Although, in rest of India, one can still see crocodiles in wild - in rivers and national parks. Even today, there is a huge lack of information about these species because of taboos and folklore associated with crocodiles.

title: Dwarf crocodile

text: Dwarf crocodiles are generalist predators and have been recorded feeding on a wide range of small animals such as fish, crabs, frogs, gastropods, insects, lizards, water birds, bats and shrews. In a study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo the primary food item was fish, and in a study in Nigeria the primary food items were gastropods and crabs. In the Congo there is a level of seasonality in its diet, changing from fish in the wet season to crustaceans in the dry season where fish are less available. Plant material has also been found in the stomach of dwarf crocodiles, but it is suspected that this is ingested by accident. They can survive for relatively long periods without food. During the dry season, dwarf crocodiles often retreat to deep holes.

title: Ogooué River

text: The Ogooué Basin is , of which or 73 percent lies within Gabon. It mostly consists of undisturbed rainforest with some savanna grassland where the mid-year dry season is longest. It is home to a high biodiversity. All three species of African crocodile, for instance, occur in the river: the Nile crocodile, the dwarf crocodile, and the slender-snouted crocodile. It is also the type locality for the catfish "Synodontis acanthoperca".

title: History of taxidermy

text: Another specimen that was prepared during the birth of modern taxidermy is a mounted crocodile 10 to 12 feet long from Egypt that has been on exhibit at the Museum at St. Gall in Switzerland since 1627. Like the rhinoceros, the exact methods of how the crocodile was mounted are unknown. However, the specimen has never been kept under glass, which reveals the success of modern taxidermy, even in its earliest years.

title: How Long, How Long Blues

text: "How Long, How Long Blues" (also known as "How Long Blues" or "How Long How Long") is a blues song recorded by the American blues duo Leroy Carr and Scrapper Blackwell in 1928. The song became "an instant best-seller" and one of the first blues standards, inspiring many blues songs of the era. It has been recorded by many artists, not only in blues but also country and western, pop, and jazz.

title: Kachikally Museum and Crocodile Pool

text: The exact number of crocodiles is not known but it is estimated that there are about 80. It was long claimed that all the animals are Nile crocodiles ("Crocodylus niloticus"), but research suggests they are a different species, namely the West African crocodile ("Crocodylus suchus"). There have been reports of the presence of albino crocodiles. Crocodiles are allowed to roam freely, and can be approached and touched by visitors. Crocodiles found in the wild are sometimes taken to and reared at the holy pools.

title: Crocodilia

text:
Crocodilians, especially the crocodile, have been recurring characters in stories for children throughout the modern era. Lewis Carroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" (1865) contains the poem "How Doth the Little Crocodile", a parody of a moralising poem by Isaac Watts, "".
In J. M. Barrie's novel "Peter and Wendy" (1911), the character Captain Hook has lost his arm to the crocodile. Hook fears the crocodile, but is warned of its approach by the ticking of a clock which it has swallowed.
In Rudyard Kipling's "Just So Stories" (1902), the Elephant's Child acquires his trunk by having his (short) nose pulled very hard by the Crocodile "on the banks of the great grey-green, greasy Limpopo river". The newly elongated nose allows him to pick fruit instead of waiting for it to fall, and to do many other useful things. Roald Dahl's "The Enormous Crocodile" (1978), illustrated by Quentin Blake, tells how a crocodile wanders the jungle looking for children to eat, trying one trick after another.

title: How Doth the Little Crocodile

text: "How Doth the Little Crocodile" is a poem by Lewis Carroll which appears in his novel, "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". It is recited by Alice in Chapter 2. It describes a crafty crocodile which lures fish into its mouth with a welcoming smile.

title: How Doth the Little Crocodile?

text: "How Doth The Little Crocodile?" was first published in London by Evans in 1952 in the US by MacMillan in 1957 as part of their "Cock Robin Mystery" books.

title: Crocodile shark

text: The crocodile shark is aplacental viviparous and typically gives birth to litters of four, two pups to each uterus. The gestation period is unknown but believed to be long. The embryos have yolk sacs at 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) long; once the yolk sac is fully absorbed they become oophagous: the mother produces large numbers of thin-walled egg capsules that contain 2–9 eggs each, which are then consumed by the unborn embryos. The abdomens of the embryos become characteristically distended with ingested yolk material, which can make up a quarter of the embryo's total weight. It is unclear how two crocodile shark fetuses manage to share a single uterus, when in some other oophagous mackerel sharks such as the sand tiger shark ("Carcharias taurus"), only one fetus survives in each uterus. The pups are born at approximately 40 cm (16 in) long; males attain maturity at 74–110 cm (29–43 in) and females at 89–102 cm (35–40 in). There is no defined reproductive season.

title: How Doth the Little Crocodile

text: "How Doth the Little Crocodile" is a parody of the moralistic poem "" by Isaac Watts, which is what Alice was originally trying to recite. Watts' poem begins "How doth the little busy bee ..." and uses the bee as a model of hard work. In Carroll's parody, the crocodile's corresponding "virtues" are deception and predation, themes which recur throughout Alice's adventures in both books, and especially in the poems.

title: West African crocodile

text: The species was named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1807, who discovered differences between the skulls of a mummified crocodile and those of Nile crocodile ("C. niloticus"). This new species was, however, for a long time afterwards regarded as a synonym of the Nile crocodile. In 2003, a study indicated that "C. suchus" was a valid species, and this was confirmed by several other studies in 2011–2015. Despite the long history of confusion, genetic testing has revealed that the two are not particularly close. The closest relatives of the Nile crocodile are the "Crocodylus" species from the Americas, while the West African crocodile is basal to the clade of Nile and American crocodiles.

title: Nile crocodile

text:
Typically, Nile crocodiles are relatively inert creatures, as are most crocodilians and other large, cold-blooded creatures. More than half of the crocodiles observed by Cott (1961), if not disturbed, spent the hours from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm continuously basking with their jaws open if conditions were sunny. If their jaws are bound together in the extreme midday heat, Nile crocodiles may easily die from overheating. Although they can remain practically motionless for hours on end, whether basking or sitting in shallows, Nile crocodiles are said to be constantly aware of their surroundings and aware of the presence of other animals. However, mouth-gaping (while essential to thermoregulation) may also serve as a threat display to other crocodiles, for example when specimens have been observed mouth-gaping at night when overheating is not a risk. In Lake Turkana, crocodiles rarely bask at all through the day, unlike crocodiles from most other areas, for unknown reasons, usually sitting motionless partially exposed at the surface in shallows with no apparent ill effect from the lack of basking on land.
In South Africa, Nile crocodiles are more easily observed in winter because of the extensive amount of time they spend basking at this time of year. More time is spent in water in overcast, rainy, or misty days. In the southern reaches of their range, as a response to dry, cool conditions that they cannot survive externally, crocodiles may dig and take refuge in tunnels and engage in aestivation. Pooley found in Royal Natal National Park that during aestivation, young crocodiles of total length would dig tunnels around in depth for most, some tunnels measuring more than , the longest there being . Crocodiles in aestivation are totally lethargic, entering a state similar to animals that hibernate. Only the largest individuals engaging in aestivation leave the burrow to sun on warmest days, otherwise these crocodiles rarely left their burrows. Aestivation has been recorded from May to August.

title: Saltwater crocodile

text: The primary behaviour to distinguish the saltwater crocodile from other crocodiles is its tendency to occupy salt water. Though other crocodiles also have salt glands that enable them to survive in saltwater, a trait which alligators do not possess, most other species do not venture out to sea except during extreme conditions. The only other species to display regular seagoing behaviour is the American crocodile ("C. acutus"), but the American version is still not considered to be as marine-prone as the saltwater crocodile. As its alternate name "sea-going crocodile" implies, this species travels between areas separated by sea, or simply relies on the relative ease of travelling through water in order to circumvent long distances on the same land mass, such as Australia. In a similar fashion to migratory birds using thermal columns, saltwater crocodiles use ocean currents to travel long distances. In a study, 20 crocodiles were tagged with satellite transmitters; 8 of these crocodiles ventured out into open ocean, in which one of them travelled along the coast – from the North Kennedy River on eastern coast of Far North Queensland, around Cape York Peninsula, to the west coast in the Gulf of Carpentaria – in 25 days. Another specimen, a -long male, travelled in 20 days. Without having to move around much, sometimes simply by floating, the current-riding behaviour allows for the conservation of energy. They will even interrupt their travels, residing in sheltered bays for a few days, when the current is against the desired direction of travel, until the current changes direction. Saltwater crocodiles also travel up and down in river systems, periodically.

title: Crocodile

text: Since they feed by grabbing and holding onto their prey, they have evolved sharp teeth for piercing and holding onto flesh, and powerful muscles to close the jaws and hold them shut. The teeth are not well-suited to tearing flesh off of large prey items as are the dentition and claws of many mammalian carnivores, the hooked bills and talons of raptorial birds, or the serrated teeth of sharks. However, this is an advantage rather than a disadvantage to the crocodile since the properties of the teeth allow it to hold onto prey with the least possibility of the prey animal escaping. Cutting teeth, combined with the exceptionally high bite force, would pass through flesh easily enough to leave an escape opportunity for prey. The jaws can bite down with immense force, by far the strongest bite of any animal. The force of a large crocodile's bite is more than , which was measured in a Nile crocodile, in the field;comparing to for a Rottweiler, for a hyena, for an American alligator, and for the largest confirmed great white shark.A long saltwater crocodile has been confirmed as having the strongest bite force ever recorded for an animal in a laboratory setting. It was able to apply a bite force value of , and thus surpassed the previous record of made by a long American alligator. Taking the measurements of several crocodiles as reference, the bite forces of 6-m individuals were estimated at . The study, led by Dr. Gregory M. Erickson, also shed light on the larger, extinct species of crocodilians. Since crocodile anatomy has changed only slightly over the last 80 million years, current data on modern crocodilians can be used to estimate the bite force of extinct species. An Deinosuchus would apply a force of , nearly twice that of the latest, higher bite force estimations of Tyrannosaurus (). The extraordinary bite of crocodilians is a result of their anatomy. The space for the jaw muscle in the skull is very large, which is easily visible from the outside as a bulge at each side. The muscle is so stiff, it is almost as hard as bone to touch, as if it were the continuum of the skull. Another trait is that most of the muscle in a crocodile's jaw is arranged for clamping down. Despite the strong muscles to close the jaw, crocodiles have extremely small and weak muscles to open the jaw. Crocodiles can thus be subdued for study or transport by taping their jaws or holding their jaws shut with large rubber bands cut from automobile inner tubes.

title: Orinoco crocodile

text:
The Orinoco crocodile can be recognised by its relatively long snout, which is narrower than that of the somewhat similar-looking American crocodile. This species generally has a pale tan hide, though at least three coloration variations are known, with some almost completely yellowish and some a dark brownish-gray. The skin can change colour over long periods of time; this phenomenon has been recorded in other species that can gradually change the amount of melanin in their skin. These crocodiles have dark-brown markings, which present as more pronounced bands in younger specimens and as scattered markings on mature ones.
The Orinoco crocodile ranks among the largest living reptiles, as well as the largest predator in the Americas. It is arguably the largest crocodilian in the Americas, while American crocodiles and black caimans may approach similar dimensions, on average the Orinoco crocodile may be (or had been, when in healthy numbers) slightly longer. Given its possible maximum sizes, the Orinoco crocodile may rank as the third largest extant true crocodile after the saltwater crocodile and Nile crocodile (which is closely related to the Orinoco despite its substantially different range) and rank 4th amongst all extant crocodilians behind additionally the gharial, though there is little to suggest that Orinoco specimens in modern times can rival these largest species. Sexual maturity for Orinoco crocodiles is obtained for females at around while that of males seems to be obtained around length, with most adult crocodiles of the species exceeding . Average length of wild adult females from 1985 to 1992 was found to be while that of males is not known to have been surveyed at that time. If not culled by humans, mature males easily exceed and attain a length of as much as in length as they grow throughout life, perhaps weighing up to in big specimens, while females over the expected size of in length and may sometimes exceed . According to Guinness Records, the average length of adults that they were able to examine was only and the largest specimen found firsthand was . The largest specimen historically reported was shot in 1800, and allegedly measured at , although the source is considered reliable, unfortunately, no voucher specimen is known from this. Because of extensive hunting for their skins in the 20th century, such giants do not exist today, and modern Orinoco crocodiles have not been reported to exceed in length. Merchán listed the maximum total length attainable for a male as and the maximum length of a female as .


query: How long did the The Professionals air?

title: The Professionals (TV series)

text: The Professionals is a British crime-action television drama series produced by Avengers Mark1 Productions for London Weekend Television (LWT) that aired on the ITV network from 1977 to 1983. In all, 57 episodes were produced, filmed between 1977 and 1981. It starred Martin Shaw, Lewis Collins and Gordon Jackson as agents of the fictional "CI5" (Criminal Intelligence 5, alluding to the real-life MI5).

title: Full twisting layout

text: The full-twisting layout is a complex skill and requires professional coaching. The standing twist is a drill to aid with body awareness. Practicing this skill requires a perfect alignment of the body along the long axis. The long axis is an imaginary line running through the center of the body from head to toe. The purpose of the skill is to practice landing exactly how you started; arms over your head, feet together, and your body tightened and straight. Practicing the standing twist helps you gain awareness in the air. This awareness prevents you from getting directionally lost in the air. It is recommended to start with a half twist, and then progress to a full twist.

title: Riaan Manser

text: Only once they'd begun their circumnavigation did they realise just how challenging the weather would be. They knew that the inclement winter weather would cause delays but they could never have predicted how often and how long these delays would be.

title: George Howe (printer)

text: A small printing press had been brought to Australia by Governor Arthur Phillip, and a convict named George Hughes used it to print a considerable number of orders, rules and regulations. Soon after he arrived George Howe became the government printer, and in 1802 printed "New South Wales General Standing Orders" consisting of 146 pages, the first book to be printed in Australia. In May 1803 Governor King, in a dispatch to Lord Hobart, mentioned the establishment of the "Sydney Gazette" as a weekly publication—its first number had appeared on 5 March and asked that a new font of type should be sent to Sydney. The paper was carried on at the risk of Howe, who, though he had been fully emancipated in 1806, did not receive a salary as government printer until 1811 when he was granted only £60 a year. In the meantime Howe conducted the "Gazette" under difficulties, often running out of paper and suffering much from patrons who fell behind in their subscriptions. In 1810 a lightning strike almost destroyed Howes's printing office. Howe tried various expedients to keep his household going, at one time keeping a school and at another becoming a professional debt collector. Another of these expedients was becoming a professional mobile food stand for the public, he did this for 3 years.

title: Air raids on Japan

text: Japanese cities were highly vulnerable to damage from firebombing due to their design and the weak state of the country's civil defense organization. Urban areas were typically congested, and most buildings were constructed from highly flammable materials such as paper and wood. In addition, industrial and military facilities in urban areas were normally surrounded by densely populated residential buildings. Despite this vulnerability, few cities had full-time professional firefighters and most relied on volunteers. Such firefighting forces that did exist lacked modern equipment and used outdated tactics. Air raid drills had been held in Tokyo and Osaka since 1928, however, and from 1937 local governments were required to provide civilians with manuals that explained how to respond to air attacks. Few air-raid shelters and other air defense facilities for civilians and industry were constructed prior to the Pacific War.

title: National Mental Health Act

text: Robert Felix, a psychiatrist appointed as director of the Public Health Service's (PHS) Division of Mental Hygiene in 1944, did much work to try to pass the bill. William Menninger, Lawrence Kubie, and others helped Felix by testifying about how the lack of trained professionals in the field of mental health sometimes thwarted military morale and how intervening earlier rather than later actually helped the military in the long run by conserving personnel. They believed that if veterans received federal help and support through preventive services, professional training, and research they would transition back into postwar life quicker and easier. In addition, organizations like Mental Health America that advocated for changes in the psychiatric field helped push legislation towards action.

title: Controversies related to chronic fatigue syndrome

text: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness with a long history of controversy. For years, many professionals within the medical community did not recognize CFS as a true condition, nor was there agreement on its prevalence. There has been much disagreement over the pathophysiology of chronic fatigue syndrome, how it should be diagnosed, and how to treat it.

title: Todd Brunson

text: Todd Alan Brunson (born August 7, 1969) is an American professional poker player and the son of poker player Doyle Brunson. Doyle Brunson did not teach Todd how to play; it was not until he was studying law at Texas Tech University that he learned how to play on his own. Before his senior year, he dropped out of school to turn professional.

title: United States Space Force

text: In 2017 the "United States Space Corps" was bipartisan proposal by Republican Representative Mike Rogers and Democratic Representative Jim Cooper as separate service within the Department of the Air Force, with its head as a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. This concept would have been similar how the United States Marine Corps is a separate service within the Department of the Navy. This proposal was put forward to separate space professionals from the Air Force to give space a greater cultural focus and help develop a leaner and faster space acquisitions system. This was done, in part, due to the concern that the space mission had become subordinate to the Air Force primary air dominance mission. Representative Rogers also stated that this new Space Corps would have helped create a better career path for space professionals, noting that in 2016 none of the 37 Air Force colonels selected for promotion to brigadier general were space officers and that only two of the 450 hours of Air Force professional military education were dedicated to national security space. Ultimately the proposal passed the House of Representatives, but was cut from the 2018 National Defense Authorization Act while reconciling the House and Senate Bills. Instead, the 2018 NDAA boosted the position of Air Force Space Command by extending the term of its commander to six years, and making it the sole command for all Air Force space forces and the DoD was required to conduct a study of how it organized military space.

title: Professional learning community

text: The matrix in the following table shows how Brasel and colleagues found that the teachers combined these four questions to learn about two dimensions of teaching: student thinking and instruction. The authors found that while the most productive collaborative discussions—that allowed the teachers to learn more about mathematics content, students and pedagogy—focused more on "why" and "how", the teachers tended to address only the first two questions, "what" and to "whom". While these conversations were helpful in identifying students in need of remediation, they did little in the way to improve instruction in the long run.

title: When Did You Stop Loving Me, When Did I Stop Loving You

text: The song was a six-minute-long opus that has been considered the centerpiece of the "Here, My Dear" album. As if offering confessional testimony to his wife, Gaye airs his side of the story of how his ill-fated marriage to the sister of his record label boss Berry Gordy collapsed.

title: Union de Transports Aériens

text: Through most of its existence UTA was one of only four wholly privately owned, independent airlines outside of the US with a major, long-haul scheduled presence. Unlike its British, Canadian and Hong Kong independent contemporaries, for most of its existence UTA did not have a network of short-/medium-haul scheduled routes nor did it compete on any of its scheduled routes with Air France, the primary French flag carrier at the time. This made it an almost exclusively long-haul, intercontinental scheduled airline. It also made its scheduled route network complementary to Air France and Air Inter. (UTA and Air France used to co-ordinate their schedules at Los Angeles to enable passengers to connect between Air France's transatlantic and UTA's transpacific services.)

title: Samuel Gridley Howe

text: Howe did not remain in Massachusetts for long after graduating. In 1824, shortly after Howe was certified to practice medicine, he became fired by enthusiasm for the Greek Revolution and the example of his idol Lord Byron. Howe fled the memory of an unhappy love affair and sailed for Greece, where he joined the Greek army as a surgeon.

title: Apatosaurus

text: Given the large body mass and long neck of sauropods like "Apatosaurus", physiologists have encountered problems determining how these animals breathed. Beginning with the assumption that, like crocodilians, "Apatosaurus" did not have a diaphragm, the dead-space volume (the amount of unused air remaining in the mouth, trachea, and air tubes after each breath) has been estimated at about for a specimen. Paladino calculates its tidal volume (the amount of air moved in or out during a single breath) at with an avian respiratory system, if mammalian, and if reptilian.

title: Certified Relocation and Transition Specialist

text: CRTS professionals include Realtors, local and long distance movers, appraisers, estate sale specialists, home care professionals, professional organizers, Senior move managers and more. CRTS professionals focus on alleviating client and family stress associated with relocation. CRTS professionals are a qualified resource for families and are trained to understand how home transitions are often complicated by factors such as health, personal asset management, dementia and complex family dynamics.

title: Dies Natalis (cantata)

text:
The skies in their magnificence
The lovely, lively air,
O how divine, how soft, how sweet, how fair!
The stars did entertain my sense;
And all the works of God, so bright and pure,
So rich and great, did seem,
As if they ever must endure
In my esteem.

title: How Long, How Long Blues

title: Scars (Soil album)

text: Bass guitarist Tim King noted how quickly J Records moved to maintain the momentum provided by WJRR: "Everything just fell into place so fast. What normally takes three months, we did in about three weeks. I have to say, J Records stepped up to the plate and did it like they had three months. It's amazing how professional and how hard working they are and what they did to get everything moving."

title: Ivory (soap)

text: Ivory bar soap is whipped with air in its production and floats in water. According to an apocryphal story, later discounted by the company, a worker accidentally left the mixing machine on too long and the company chose to sell the "ruined" batch, because the added air did not change the basic ingredients of the soap. When appreciative letters about the new, floating soap inundated the company, P&G ordered the extended mix time as a standard procedure. However, company records indicate that the design of Ivory did not come about by accident. In 2004, over 100 years later, the P&G company archivist Ed Rider found documentation that revealed that chemist James N. Gamble, son of the other founder, had discovered how to make the soap float and noted the result in his writings.

title: How Long, How Long Blues

text: "How Long, How Long Blues" was Carr and Scrapwell's biggest hit. They subsequently recorded six more versions of the song (two of them, unissued at the time), as "How Long, How Long Blues, Part 2", "Part 3", "How Long Has That Evening Train Been Gone", "New How Long, How Long Blues", etc. There are considerable variations in the lyrics, many of which have since fallen out of use in modern performances. Most versions begin with the lyric "How long, how long, has that evening train been gone?"

title: How Clean Is Your House?

text: In 2004, Kim and Aggie made a spin-off series called "Too Posh to Wash" about the personal hygiene of upper-class people, including one participant who had never washed her bra. They also did a one-off special, "When Kim & Aggie Went to Hospital", which aired 30 August 2006, about how to keep our hospitals clean. In this hour-long special, the pair traveled to Ealing Hospital, which has often been criticized for poor hygiene conditions and regularly finishes at the bottom of the NHS Hospital League Tables.

title: Kenora Thistles

text: The Thistles left for Montreal and the Cup challenge on January 12, 1907. Taking advantage of the new professionalism of their league, the club hired Art Ross, and Joe Hall from Brandon, considered two of the best players in the Manitoba league. It is unclear how much they were paid for the series, but ice hockey historian Eric Zweig has speculated the amount was substantial (though Hall did not play any games for the Thistles). This marked the first time the Thistles had paid players on the team and confirmed their status as a professional club. The Wanderers, by contrast, had five professional players and four amateurs on their roster. The Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association, the Wanderers' league, allowed professionals beginning in the 1906–07 season as long as each players' status was defined by the team.

title: Walt Disney's World War II propaganda production

text: Aerology film production was supervised by naval aviation experts and some members of Disney's team learned how to fly to better understand the problems the Army Air Forces encountered. "Victory Through Air Power" (1943) is one of the propaganda films Disney produced for air warfare. This film is an attempt to sell Major Alexander de Seversky's theories about the practical uses of long range strategic bombing. The animated film humorously tells about the development of air warfare and then switches to the Major illustrating how his ideas could win the war for the Allies.

title: Degrassi: The Next Generation (season 2)

text: In the US, The N aired season two in two blocks. The first block aired 7 October 2002 to 13 January 2003. The second block of episodes aired 11 July 2003 to 29 August 2003, but the episodes did not air in the order intended by the producers. The season finale of season one, "Jagged Little Pill", had been held over, and was shown in an edited format as this season's third episode, along with season two's true third episode to form an hour-long special. Due to the sensitive subject of rape, episodes seven and eight, the "Shout" two-part special, were held over until 11 July 2003 and opened the second half of the season creating an hour-and-a-half long special with episode twenty, "How Soon Is Now?". Because of plot continuity, episode nine, "Mirror in the Bathroom", was also held back and had its first US airing in the second week of the second block of the season, before episodes fifteen through nineteenteen continued to air in the correct order, followed by episodes nineteen and twenty, "Tears Are Not Enough, Parts One and Two" which were broadcast as an hour-long season finale. In re-runs and syndication, the episodes have all aired in the order the producers intended. Every episode is named after a song from the 1980s.

title: Newcastle Airport (New South Wales)

text: On 2 October 1994, a Rockwell Commander 690B operating for Seaview Air with flight number CD111 departed Newcastle (Williamtown) Airport for Lord Howe Island. The aircraft carried a pilot and 8 passengers. Radio contact with the aircraft was lost during the flight, and a search and rescue operation was declared. Two days later debris was found floating on the sea near the aircraft's last known position. The Bureau of Air Safety Investigation (predecessor of ATSB) report into the incident uncovered alarming information about how the flight was conducted, particularly that the aircraft was 220 kg over maximum takeoff weight, the pilot did not possess a current medical certificate required to operate the aircraft and the company did not have the pre-requisite licences to operate regular public transport flights between Newcastle and Lord Howe Island. The accident is considered not to have been survivable by anyone on board the aircraft. The circumstances surrounding the accident led to a commission of inquiry into the Civil Aviation Authority's handling of Seaview Air's operations.

title: Roman conquest of the Iberian peninsula

text: Appian wrote: "With only 8,000 men when the war began, how many and what terrible reverses they bring upon the Romans! How many treaties did they make on equal terms with the Romans, which the latter would not consent to make with any other people! How often did they challenge to open battle the last commander sent against them, who had an army of 60,000 men!" He noted "their small numbers and great sufferings, their valiant deeds and long endurance."

title: Long John Baldry

text: Following the departure of Elton John and Bluesology, Baldry was left without a backup band. Attending a show in the Mecca at Shaftesbury Avenue, he saw a five piece harmony group called Chimera from Plymouth, Devon, who had recently turned professional. He approached them after their set and said how impressed he was by their vocal harmonies and that they would be ideal to back him on the cabaret circuit he was currently embarked on. This they did.

title: Free flight (air traffic control)

text: Other problems that occurred in the air traffic industry were the OPEC fuel crises and the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) strike of 1982 resulting the firing of thousands of controllers by President Ronald Reagan. This showed how vulnerable air transportation was to economic forces.

title: Solid Gold (TV series)

text: Usually airing on Saturday evenings, "Solid Gold" was one of several shows that focused on the popular music of any given week; other examples included the long-running "American Bandstand" and "Soul Train". While "Solid Gold" did share elements with those two programs, such as live appearances by performers, it also stood out by including something they did not: an in-house crew of professional dancers that performed routines choreographed to the week's featured songs.

title: On the Mat

text: The hiring of John Dybvig, a former US basketball coach and commentator, was the main "heel" announcer who portrayed a stereotypical "loudmouth" American. His unpopularity, however, did not come from his on-air persona but rather his lack of knowledge about professional wrestling and is believed to have also hurt the show in the long run.

title: Brett Hull

text: Hull was born August 9, 1964, in Belleville, Ontario. His father, Bobby, was a long-time professional hockey player in both the National Hockey League (NHL) and World Hockey Association (WHA). His mother, Joanne (McKay), was an American professional figure skater and taught him how to skate. He has three brothers: Bobby Jr., Blake and Bart, and a younger half-sister: Michelle. Bart played professional football in the Canadian Football League. His uncle Dennis was also a long-time NHL player.