query: What was Nikola Tesla's first patented invention?

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: - Commutator for Dynamo Electric Machines - 1886 January 26 - Elements to prevent sparking on dynamo-electric machines; Drum-style with brushes. - Electric Arc lamp - 1886 February 9 - Arc lamp with carbon electrodes controlled by electromagnets or solenoids and a clutch mechanism; Corrects earlier design flaws common to the industry. - Electric arc lamp - 1886 February 9 - Arc lamp's automatic fail switch when arc possesses abnormal behavior; Automatic reactivation. - Regulator for dynamo electric machines - 1886 March 2 - Two main brushes connected to helices coil ends; Intermediate point branch shunt connection for third brush. - Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines - 1886 March 2 - Auxiliary brush[es] shunting a portion or whole of the field helices coil; Regulates energy flow; Adjustable level of current. - Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines - 1886 October 19 - Automatic regulation of energy levels; Mechanical device to shift brushes. - Dynamo electric machine - 1887 March 22 - Improve construction; Facilitate easier construction; Reduce the cost; Magnetic frame; Armature; Alternating current synchronous motor. - Electro magnetic motor - 1888 May 1 - Mode and plan of operating electric motors by progressive shifting; Field Magnet; Armature; Electrical conversion; Economical; Transmission of energy; Simple construction; Easier construction; Rotating magnetic field principles. - Electro Magnetic Motor - 1888 May 1 - Novel form and operating mode; Coils forming independent energizing circuits; Connected to an alternating current generator; Synchronous motor. - System of Electrical Distribution - 1888 May 1 - Current from a single source of supply in the main or transmitting circuit induce by induction apparatus; Independent circuit(s); Electric distributor. - Electro Magnetic Motor - 1888 May 1 - Rotation is produced and maintained by direct attraction; Utilizes shifting poles; Induction magnetic motor. - Electrical Transmission of Power - 1888 May 1 - New method or mode of transmission; Dynamo motor conversion with two independent circuits for long distance transmission; Alternating current transmission; Includes a disclaimer; Economic; Efficient. - Electrical Transmission of Power - 1888 May 1 - Improvements in electromagnetic motors and their mode or methods of their operations; Motor is wound with coils forming independent circuits on the armature; Armature is mounted to rotate between two different poles; Armature will eventually synchronize with that of the generator; Windcoils or coils on the field magnets; Expose to continuous current to maintain a permanent field. - Method of Converting and Distributing Electric Currents - 1888 May 1 - Related to electric distribution systems; Current is from a single main source or suitable transmitting circuit; Induction into an independent circuit; Divide the current from a single source; Transformations; Discovery of method to avoid prior liable and dangerous methods; True Dynamic induction. - Commutator for dynamo electric machines - 1888 May 15 - Relates to dynamo-electric machines or motors; Improvements on devices to collect or communicate currents; Avoids destruction and wear of machine; Avoid adjustments due to destruction and wear; Enable practical construction of very large dynamo electric machines or motors with the minimum number of communicator segments; Increases safety and efficiency. - System of electrical distribution - 1888 October 2 - Related to previous electric distribution systems developed by Tesla; Examples of systems in operation with motors or converters, or both, in parallel; Examples of systems in parallel; Examples of systems in series. - Dynamo Electric Machine - 1888 October 2 - Related to the patents of Tesla and Charles F. Peck, numbers: US381968 and US382280; Ordinary forms of continuous and alternate current systems may be adapted to Tesla's system, with slight changes to the systems; Effects their forms; Only the best and most practical solutions are presented to the three most common forms of the devices applicable; Illustrated are the continuous (or closed) circuit machines, machines possessing armatures with coils connected diametrically (known as "open-circuits"), and machines with armature-coils of which have a common joint. - Dynamo Electric Machine or Motor - 1888 October 2 - Improvement in the construction of dynamo or magneto electric machines; Novel form of frame and field magnets that renders the machine more sturdy and compact as a structure; Requires fewer parts; Less difficulty in construction; Lower expense; Useful to alternating and continuous current machines. - Dynamo Electric Machine - 1888 October 9 - Relates chiefly to the alternate current machine invented by Tesla; Related to patents numbered US381968 and US382280; Seeks to avoid mechanical drawback of running high frequency machines; Efficient at low speeds; Producing rotating magnetic poles in one element of the machine and drive the other at a different speed. - Regulator for Alternate Current Motors - 1888 October 9 - Improvement in the electrical transmission systems; Means of regulating and power of the motor or motors; Used with system of multiple motors primarily (or systems with motors and transformers) that have independent energizing circuits which act to set up progressive or shifting magnetic poles (i.e. the rotating magnetic field); Controls the speed of the motor. - Thermo Magnetic Motor - 1888 January 15 - Widely known that heat applied to a magnetic body will lessen its magnetizing ability; High enough temperatures will destroy the magnetic field; Mechanical power by a reciprocating action obtained from the joint action of heat, magnetism, and a spring or weight (or other force); In this patent, the application of heat to a body that is magnetized by induction or otherwise to the action of heat until the magnetism is neutralized to allow a weight or a spring to give action and lessen the action of the heat to restore the magnetic effect to move the body in the opposite direction. - Method of Operating Electro Magnetic Motors - 1889 April 16 - Improvements to previous instances of synchronous motors; Previous instances of synchronous motors have not been started by the alternating current generators; New discovery of simple method or plan of operating such motors; Requires no other device other than the motor itself; Conversion from a double circuit motor and which will start under the actions of an alternate current into a synchronizing-motor; synchronous motor definition. - Electro Magnetic Motor - 1889 June 25 - Torque, instead of being the result in the difference in the magnetic periods or phases of the poles or to the attractive parts to whatever due, is produce to the angular displacement of the parts which, though movable with the respect to one another, are magnetized simultaneously, or approximately so, by the same currents; Concerns the armature and the field laminations of the magnetic core for the greatest magnetic attractions; Best means to achieve these results. - Method of Electrical Power Transmission - 1889 June 25 - New and useful method of bringing up the motor to a desirable speed; Forms of alternating current machines, connected to alternating current generators, can be run as synchronous motor; Prior, alternating current will not start it; Construct a generator with two coils or sets of coils and connect them with a motor of corresponding coils or sets of coils; By means of two line wires, the motor and generator in like fashion; Related to US 390413 (for means of starting); Will operate as a single-circuit synchronizing system. - Dynamo Electric Machine - 1889 July 16 - Relates to class of machines referred to as "Unipolar" machine (i.e., a disk or cylindrical conductor is mounted in between magnetic poles adapted to produce a uniform magnetic field); Construction of a machine with two fields, each having a rotary conductor mounted between its poles; Discussed the disk form primarily; The direction of the magnetism or order of the poles in one field of force is opposite to that of the other, so the rotation of the disk in the same direction forms a field from the center to the circumference and another from the circumference to the center; Contacts applied to the shafts form terminals of a circuit to produce a sum of electromotive forces of the two disks; If direction of the fields are the same, driving the disks in the opposite direction will obtain the same results. - Method of Obtaining Direct current from Alternating Currents - 1889 October 22 - Superiority of alternating currents discussed; Delineates machines to convert alternating currents to direct (or continuous) currents at will at one or more points; Obtain direct currents from alternating currents; Active resistances to opposite electrical character, whereby the currents or current-waves of opposite character will be diverted through different circuits. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1889 December 3 - Induction motor with two or more energizing circuits; alternating currents of differing phases are passed to produce rotation or operation of the motor; simple way consists of two circuits; alternate way consists of one line that divides the alternating current in the motor circuit and effects an artificial lag in one of the circuit of branches (such as by a different induction capacity). - Method of Operating Electro-Magnetic Motors - 1889 December 3 - Related to US401520; Alternative improvements to synchronous motors; Torque and synchronous actions in motors; different field circuit of differing induction; Windings and shunts; Increases tendency to synchronize. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1889 December 3 - Induction motor operation with two or more windings; securing differing phase differences; Phase proportional to the induction and inverse to the resistance encountered by the current; one circuit (the energizing circuit) should have high induction and low resistance (along with possessing the greater length or number of turns) and the converse in the other (which has few turns of finer wire or wire that has higher resistance); magnetic quantities of the poles should be approximately equal; Self-induction cores are much longer. - Electric Motor - 1889 December 3 - Drawings include the motor seen in many of Tesla's photos; Classic alternating current electro-magnetic motor; Induction motor operation; Field and armature of equal strengths or magnetic quality; field and armature cores of equal amounts; Coils containing equal amount of copper. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1889 December 3 - Induction motor operation with two or more windings; Differing phases; Structural and operational conditions; Armature operation conditions and the obedience to the energizing circuit and stator; Construction and organization principles. - Armature for Electric Machines - 1889 December 24 - Construction principles of the armature for electrical generators and motors; Simple and economical; Coils of insulated conducting wire (or ribbon) may be wound or formed into bobbins; Position of the bobbins dictate the windings; Armature has polar projections and maximum core-surface exposure to the field magnetic poles; Related to other applicant patents, numbers US327797, US292077, GB9013. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1889 December 31 - Electric generator; Employment of an artificial cooling device; Enclosing the source of heat and that portion of the magnetic circuit exposed to the heat and artificially cooling the said heated part; Combination of an enclosed source of heat applied to a portion of said core; Magnetized core or body and a conductor within the field of force; Artificial cooling device for reducing the temperature of the heated portion thereof; Means for bringing a cooling gas or fluid in contact with the heated portion of the core, and means for controlling the admission of the same; The combination and coils wound thereon and a connection with a boiler for admitting steam into the channels, as set forth; Magnetized core containing passages or channels; Means for applying heat to a portion of the core. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1890 March 25 - Cites then common language of his motors referred to as the "magnetic lag" motors; Another form of the induction motor with two or more energizing circuits with differing phase differences are passed to produce rotation or operation of the motor; Magnetism lags electrical parts of energizing effects; Manifests these effect simultaneously and not successively; Related to US405858; Torque is produced to the angular displacement of parts; Best means to achieve these results; prefer the use of alternating currents. - Pyromagneto Electric Generator - 1890 May 13 - Electric generator; Employment of an artificial cooling device; Enclosing the source of heat and that portion of the magnetic circuit exposed to the heat and artificially cooling the said heated part; Combination of an enclosed source of heat applied to a portion of said core; Magnetized core or body and a conductor within the field of force; Artificial cooling device for reducing the temperature of the heated portion thereof; Means for bringing a cooling gas or fluid in contact with the heated portion of the core, and means for controlling the admission of the same; The combination and coils wound thereon and a connection with a boiler for admitting steam into the channels, as set forth; Magnetized core containing passages or channels; Means for applying heat to a portion of the core. - Alternating-Current Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1890 August 5 - Rotation of an electromagnetic motor is produced by the magnetic movements or the maximum of the pole's (or point's) magnetic effects from the conjoined actions (or the two energizing circuits) through which alternating currents (or similar rapidly varying currents) are passed through; Multiple magnets are powered by artificial currents; Inverse strength of magnetism on stator for best rotation; Creates multiple phases through one circuit from one power source. - Alternating-Current Motor - 1890 August 5 - Two sets of field-pole pieces of energized independently by the same source; Closed magnetic iron shunts or bridges in sets or series. - Electrical Transformer Or Induction Device - 1890 August 5 - Main magnetic core and the primary and secondary coils interposed by a magnetic shield or screen between the coils or around one of the coils; Coils can be wound upon or built up around the magnetic shield; Adapted to or capable of being magnetically saturated by a predetermined current strength below the maximum in the primary. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1890 August 5 - Describes the combination, in an alternating current motor, of an energizing coil and a core composed of two parts (one being protected from magnetization from the other one interposed between it and the coil); A rotating armature is motivated by the induced fields; Alternatively, a field magnet composed of a coil and core (with two sections in proximity of the coil and an inner section between the same); Also, a field magnet each composed of a coil and core (with two sections in proximity of the coil and an inner section between the same). - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1891 January 27 - Describes the combination, in a motor, of a primary energizing circuit (connected to a generator) and a secondary circuit in inductive relation to the primary; Each circuit has a different electrical character, resistance, induction capability, or number and type of windings. - Method of Operating Arc-Lamps - 1891 March 10 - Abate or render inaudible sound emitted by arc lamps that are powered by (or supplied with) alternating currents by increasing the frequency of alternations (or pulsations) above the auditory level. - Alternating Electric Current Generator - 1891 March 10 - A generator that produces alternations of 15000 per second or more. - System of Electric Lighting - 1891 June 23 - Apparatus devised for the purpose of converting and supplying electrical energy in a form suited for the production of certain novel electrical phenomena, which require currents of higher frequency and potential. It specifies an energy storage capacitor and discharger mechanism on the primary side of a radio-frequency transformer. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1891 June 30 - Alternating current motor, with field magnets and energizing circuit armature-circuit and a core adapted to be energized by currents induced in its circuit by the currents in the field circuit; Condenser connected with or bridging the armature-circuit (e.g., the rotating element of the motor); Energizing circuit formed by coils wound thereon in a different inductive relations to the field and joined in a continuous or closed series; Combination of a condenser, the plates of which are connected, respectively, to the junctions of the circuits or coils. - Electrical Meter - 1891 June 30 - Method of computing the amount of electrical energy expended in a given time in an electrical circuit; Operates by maintaining by the current a potential difference between two conductors in an electrolytic solution (or cell) uniform throughout the whole extent of such conductors exposed to the solution; Measurement of the variation of the resistance in one or both conductors dues to the gain or loss of metal by electro-deposition; Electrolytic cell and conductors passing through the cell and connected in series with a translating device; One or more resistances connected with the conductors and cell for establishing a potential difference between the two conductors through the solution of the cell; Tubular cell contains electrolytic solution and closed at each end. - Electric Incandescent Lamp - 1891 June 30 - Incandescent lamp consisting of two isolated refractory conductors contained in a non-striking vacuum and adapted to produce light by incandescence; Globe or receiver exhausted to the non-striking point with two mounted isolated bodies (or metal wires) of refractory conducting material to emit light and sealed in; Terminal to connect with an electrical energy source; Refractory conducting material not to be rendered incandescent coated or covered with insulation. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1891 September 22 - Alternating current non-synchronizing electric motor coupled with a synchronizing alternating current motor whereby the former starts the latter and throws it into synchronism with its actuating current; Switch mechanism for directing the current through either or both of the motors; Combination of two motors (one an alternating current torque motor [e.g., shifting poles via the energizing circuit] and the other a synchronizing alternating current motor) the armatures of which are mounted upon the same shaft; Switching circuit directing the alternating current or currents through the several circuits of one motor or the single circuit of the other. - Method of and Apparatus for Electrical Conversion and Distribution - 1891 November 3 - Apparatus devised for the purpose of converting and supplying electrical energy in a form suited for the production of certain novel electrical phenomena which require currents of higher frequency and potential. - Electro-Magnetic Motor - 1891 December 8 - Alternating current motor provided with two or more energizing or field circuits; One circuit connected to current source and the other (or others) in inductive relation thereto; One circuit connected to alternating currents and the other constituting high potential secondary circuit; Condenser interposed in the inductive circuit. - Electrical Condenser - 1891 December 8 - Electrical condenser composed of plates or armatures immersed in oil; Plates or armatures can be adjustable.

title: Nikola Tesla

text: Tesla obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions. Some of Tesla's patents are not accounted for, and various sources have discovered some that have lain hidden in patent archives. There are a minimum of 278 known patents issued to Tesla in 26 countries. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada, but many other patents were approved in countries around the globe. Many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.

title: List of Nikola Tesla writings

text:
Tesla wrote a number of books and articles for magazines and journals.
Among his books are ""; "The Fantastic Inventions of Nikola Tesla", compiled and edited by David Hatcher Childress; and "The Tesla Papers".

title: Nikola Tesla

text: Soon after leaving the Edison company, Tesla was working on patenting an arc lighting system, possibly the same one he had developed at Edison. In March 1885, he met with patent attorney Lemuel W. Serrell, the same attorney used by Edison, to obtain help with submitting the patents. Serrell introduced Tesla to two businessmen, Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail, who agreed to finance an arc lighting manufacturing and utility company in Tesla's name, the Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing. Tesla worked for the rest of the year obtaining the patents that included an improved DC generator, the first patents issued to Tesla in the US, and building and installing the system in Rahway, New Jersey Tesla's new system gained notice in the technical press, which commented on its advanced features.

title: Nikola Tesla electric car hoax

text: The Nikola Tesla electric car hoax is an anecdote that refers to a supposed Nikola Tesla invention described by Peter Savo, who claimed to be a nephew of Tesla, to Derek Ahers in 1967. Savo said that Tesla took him to Buffalo, New York in 1931 and showed him a modified Pierce-Arrow car.

title: Radio control

text: In 1898, at an exhibition at Madison Square Garden, Nikola Tesla demonstrated a small unmanned boat that used a coherer based radio control. In a bit of showmanship, Tesla entertained the audience to make it seem that the boat could apparently obey commands from the audience but it, was in fact, controlled by Tesla interpreting the verbal requests and sending appropriate frequencies to tuned circuits in the boat. Tesla was granted a US patent on this invention on July 1, 1898. In 1903, the Spanish engineer Leonardo Torres y Quevedo presented the ""Telekino"" at the Paris Academy of Science, and was granted a patent in France, Spain, Great Britain and the United States. In 1904, "Bat", a Windermere steam launch, was controlled using experimental radio control by its inventor, [Jack Kitchen].

text: My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla is a book compiled and edited by Ben Johnston detailing the work of Nikola Tesla. The content was largely drawn from a series of articles that Nikola Tesla had written for "Electrical Experimenter" magazine in 1919, when he was 63 years old.

title: Induction motor

text: The first AC commutator-free three-phase induction motors were independently invented by Galileo Ferraris and Nikola Tesla, a working motor model having been demonstrated by the former in 1885 and by the latter in 1887. Tesla applied for US patents in October and November 1887 and was granted some of these patents in May 1888. In April 1888, the "Royal Academy of Science of Turin" published Ferraris's research on his AC polyphase motor detailing the foundations of motor operation. In May 1888 Tesla presented the technical paper "A New System for Alternating Current Motors and Transformers" to the "American Institute of Electrical Engineers" (AIEE)

title: History of the Tesla coil

text: Nikola Tesla patented the Tesla coil circuit on April 25, 1891. and first publicly demonstrated it May 20, 1891 in his lecture ""Experiments with Alternate Currents of Very High Frequency and Their Application to Methods of Artificial Illumination"" before the American Institute of Electrical Engineers at Columbia College, New York. Although Tesla patented many similar circuits during this period, this was the first that contained all the elements of the Tesla coil: high voltage primary transformer, capacitor, spark gap, and air core "oscillation transformer".

title: Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)

text: A remote control is an electronic device used to operate any machine, such as a television, remotely. Many of these remotes communicate to their respective devices through infrared signals and radio control. In Madison Square Garden, at the Electrical Exhibition, Nikola Tesla gave the first demonstration of a boat propelling in water, controlled by his remote control which he designed using radio signals. Tesla received a patent for his invention in 1898.

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: In the book Tesla: Man Out of Time, there are references to missing patents.[7] Some patents of his experiments are lost to history, as well as some of the scientific notes and records pertaining to Tesla's patents. These, though, are alluded to in the redacted FBI files. The missing patents may be among effects seized by government agents and military intelligence officers following Tesla's death in 1943. In various patent logs, it is recorded Tesla received for "Filings Tube" (such as Charles Henry Sewall's "Wireless Telegraphy" (New York, 1904)).[8][9] This number does not match the U. S. Patent office records (that patent is issued to G. Kelly for an "Illuminating torch").

title: Spark-gap transmitter

text: The first person to use resonant circuits in a radio application was Nikola Tesla, who invented the resonant transformer in 1891. At a March 1893 St. Louis lecture he had demonstrated a wireless system that, although it was intended for wireless power transmission, had many of the elements of later radio communication systems. A grounded capacitance-loaded spark-excited resonant transformer (his "Tesla coil") attached to an elevated wire monopole antenna transmitted radio waves, which were received across the room by a similar wire antenna attached to a receiver consisting of a second grounded resonant transformer tuned to the transmitter's frequency, which lighted a Geissler tube. This system, patented by Tesla 2 September 1897, 4 months after Lodge's "syntonic" patent, was in effect an inductively coupled radio transmitter and receiver, the first use of the "four circuit" system claimed by Marconi in his 1900 patent "(below)". However, Tesla was mainly interested in wireless power and never developed a practical radio "communication" system.

title: Nikola Motor Company

text: On May 1, 2018 Nikola Motor Company filed a lawsuit against Tesla seeking $2 billion in damages alleging that the Tesla Semi infringes on several patents Nikola have been granted on the design of the Nikola One. Tesla has responded that the lawsuit is without merit.

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: Tesla turbine Tesla coil The Complete Patents of Nikola Tesla (book)

text: "The Strange Life of Nikola Tesla" is the renamed "Part One, The Life of Tesla" by Tesla. "The Strange Life of Nikola Tesla" was published by Kolmogorov-Smirnov Publishing, and subsequently became the first online version of Nikola Tesla's "Autobiography". It was transcribed by John Rolad Penner in 1994  from a small typed booklet, then photocopied and stapled. The booklet includes no means of contacting the publisher, although the name 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov Publishing' appears after the title page. The only form of date identification is the hand-written purchase date: April 29, 1978. The text was first made available on GEnie in 1995 under the GNU General Public License, and from there, soon began to propagate onto the Internet.

title: Plasma globe

text: In ("Incandescent Electric Light", 1894 February 6), Nikola Tesla describes a plasma lamp. This patent is for one of the first high-intensity discharge lamps. Tesla used an incandescent-type lamp globe with a single internal conductive element and excited the element with high voltage currents from a Tesla coil, thus creating the brush discharge emanation. He gained patent protection on a particular form of the lamp in which a light-giving small body or button of refractory material is supported by a conductor entering a very highly exhausted globe or receiver. Tesla called this invention the single terminal lamp, or, later, the "Inert Gas Discharge Tube".

title: Nikola Tesla in popular culture

text:
Nikola Tesla (10 July 1856 – 7 January 1943) is portrayed in multiple forms of popular culture. The Serbian-American engineer has particularly been depicted in science fiction, a genre which is well-suited to address his inventions; while often exaggerated, the fictionalized variants build mostly upon his own alleged claims or ideas. A popular, growing fixation among science fiction, comic book, and speculative history storytellers is to portray Tesla as a member of a secret society, along with other luminaries of science. The impacts of the technologies invented by Nikola Tesla are a recurring theme in the steampunk genre of alternate technology science-fiction.
Tesla's birthday, 10 July, has been suggested by some to be World Tesla Day, Nikola Tesla Day, or simply, Tesla Day. Some organizations celebrate Tesla Day informally on 10 July. However, The Tesla Memorial Society wrote letters to several officials asking to commemorate 10 July as international Nikola Tesla Day.

title: The Inventions, Researches, and Writings of Nikola Tesla

text: In "Nikola Tesla and John Jacob Astor" by Marc J. Seifer, Seifer wites of Tesla answering what is the spark of life:

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: Devices and projects Tesla proposed and partially designed but did not patent.

title: Nikola Tesla

text: Tesla wrote a number of books and articles for magazines and journals. Among his books are "", compiled and edited by Ben Johnston; "The Fantastic Inventions of Nikola Tesla", compiled and edited by David Hatcher Childress; and "The Tesla Papers".

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: "Tesla's Circuit Interrupters". The Electrical World, August 20, 1898. Martin, Thomas Commerford. "The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla - 1894", Kessinger Publishing Company, March, 1997. ISBN1-56459-711-3 Johnston, Ben [Ed.]. "My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla", Hart Brothers Publishing, October, 1982. ISBN0-910077-00-2 Cheney, Margaret, Tesla: man out of time, ISBN0-7432-1536-2

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: Nikola Tesla was an inventor who obtained around 300 patents[1] worldwide for his inventions. Some of Tesla's patents are not accounted for, and various sources have discovered some that have lain hidden in patent archives. There are a minimum of 278 patents[1] issued to Tesla in 26 countries that have been accounted for. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada, but many other patents were approved in countries around the globe.[2] Many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.

title: List of Nikola Tesla patents

text: The Complete Patents of Nikola Tesla (ISBN978-1-566-19266-8) is a book compiled and edited by Jim Glenn detailing the patents of Nikola Tesla.

title: Nikola Tesla

text: In 1895, Edward Dean Adams, impressed with what he saw when he toured Tesla's lab, agreed to help found the Nikola Tesla Company, set up to fund, develop, and market a variety of previous Tesla patents and inventions as well as new ones. Alfred Brown signed on, bringing along patents developed under Peck and Brown. The board was filled out with William Birch Rankine and Charles F. Coaney. It found few investors; the mid-1890s was a tough time financially, and the wireless lighting and oscillators patents it was set up to market never panned out. The company would handle Tesla's patents for decades to come.

title: Nikola Tesla

text: In 1915, Tesla attempted to sue the Marconi Company for infringement of his wireless tuning patents. Marconi's initial radio patent had been awarded in the US in 1897, but his 1900 patent submission covering improvements to radio transmission had been rejected several times, before it was finally approved in 1904, on the grounds that it infringed on other existing patents including two 1897 Tesla wireless power tuning patents. Tesla's 1915 case went nowhere, but in a related case, where the Marconi Company tried to sue the US government over WWI patent infringements, a Supreme Court of the United States 1943 decision restored the prior patents of Oliver Lodge, John Stone, and Tesla. The court declared that their decision had no bearing on Marconi's claim as the first to achieve radio transmission, just that since Marconi's claim to certain patented improvements were questionable, the company could not claim infringement on those same patents.

text: A Tesla coil is a type of resonant transformer circuit invented by Nikola Tesla around 1891. Nikola Tesla used these coils to conduct innovative experiments in electrical lighting, phosphorescence, x-ray generation, high frequency alternating current phenomena, electrotherapy, and the transmission of electrical energy without wires for point-to-point telecommunications, broadcasting, and the transmission of electrical power.

title: Tesla valve

text: A Tesla valve, called by Tesla a valvular conduit, is a fixed-geometry passive check valve. It allows a fluid to flow preferentially in one direction, without moving parts. The device is named after Nikola Tesla, who was awarded a patent in 1920 for its invention. The patent application describes the invention as follows:

text:
Tesla's autobiography was first published as a six-part 1919 series in the "Electrical Experimenter" magazine, in the February - June, and October issues.  The series was republished as "Moji Pronalasci - My Inventions", Školska Knjiga, Zagreb, 1977, on the occasion of Tesla's 120th anniversary, with side-by-side English and Serbo-Croatian translations by Tomo Bosanac and Vanja Aljinović, Branimira Valić, ed.  It is presently available in book form, "My Inventions : The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla", Hart Brothers, Williston, Vermont, 1982,
giovanni Herran. Figures with an 18-page introduction by Ben Johnston.
Hugo Gernsback also wrote his own introduction to the series which was published in the January 1919 issue.

title: Check valve

text: Nikola Tesla invented a deceptively simple one-way valve for fluids in 1916, called a Tesla valve. It was patented in 1920 (U.S. patent 1,329,559).

text: The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla is a book compiled and edited by Thomas Commerford Martin detailing the work of Nikola Tesla up to 1893. The book is a comprehensive compilation of Tesla's early work with many illustrations.

title: Nikola Tesla

text: In late 1886, Tesla met Alfred S. Brown, a Western Union superintendent, and New York attorney Charles F. Peck. The two men were experienced in setting up companies and promoting inventions and patents for financial gain. Based on Tesla's new ideas for electrical equipment, including a thermo-magnetic motor idea, they agreed to back the inventor financially and handle his patents. Together they formed the Tesla Electric Company in April 1887, with an agreement that profits from generated patents would go 1/3 to Tesla, 1/3 to Peck and Brown, and 1/3 to fund development. They set up a laboratory for Tesla at 89 Liberty Street in Manhattan, where he worked on improving and developing new types of electric motors, generators, and other devices.


query: Who developed the first VHF-band radar system?

title: Radar in World War II

text: Germany has a long heritage of using electromagnetic waves for detecting objects. In 1888, Heinrich Hertz, who first demonstrated the existence of these waves, also noted that they, like light, were reflected by metal surfaces. In 1904, Christian Hülsmeyer obtained German and foreign patents for an apparatus, the Telemobilskop, using a spark gap transmitter that could detect ships and prevent collisions; this is often cited as the first radar, but, without directly providing range, it does not qualify for this classification. With the advent of the radio tube and electronics, other detection-only systems were developed, but all used continuous waves and could not measure distance.

title: CCGS Cape Spry

text: Communication options include Bendix-King KY196 VHF AM, Ross DSC 500 VHF FM and Motorola Micom HF radios. The boat has an Anschutz Gyrostar II gyro and a Furtuno 1942 X Band radar system. Other electronic systems for this lifeboat include a ICAN Aldebaran II electric charting system, JMC DF5500 VHF depth indicator, Si-Tex Koden CVS 106 depth sounder, Magnavox MX400B global positioning system and a Comnav 2001 autopilot system

title: Chain Home Low

text: CHL traces its origins to early experiments with Airborne Interception radar systems in 1936. These were developed as a short-range radar that would be used to close the gap between Chain Home's (CH) approximate accuracy and the visual range of a night fighter pilot at about . Developed by a second team at Bawdsey Manor led by "Taffy" Bowen, the new radar had to operate at much smaller wavelengths in order to limit the antenna sizes to something that could be practically fit on an aeroplane. After considerable experimentation, the team settled on a set working at 1.5 meter wavelength, about 193 MHz in the VHF band.

text: Beginning in 1975, NNIIRT developed the first VHF 3D radar capable of measuring height, range, and azimuth to a target. This effort produced the 55Zh6 'Nebo' VHF surveillance radar, which passed acceptance trials in 1982.

title: Stealth aircraft

text: VHF radar systems have wavelengths comparable to aircraft feature sizes and should exhibit scattering in the resonance region rather than the optical region, allowing most stealth aircraft to be detected. This has prompted Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) to develop VHF AESAs such as the NEBO SVU, which is capable of performing target acquisition for Surface-to-air missile batteries. Despite the advantages offered by VHF radar, their longer wavelengths result in poor resolution compared to comparably sized X band radar array. As a result, these systems must be very large before they can have the resolution for an engagement radar. An example of a ground-based VHF radar with counter-stealth capability is the P-18 radar.

title: P-3 radar

text: The "Pegmantit 3" which is abbreviated to P-3 was one of the first 2D early warning and ground control radars to be developed by the former Soviet Union. The development of the radar was initiated in 1943 as a replacement for the previous RUS stations used during the second world war and by the end of 1947 the radar was completed and in operational service. The P-3 was the first radar to be developed by the SKB Design Bureau, a division of State Plant No.197 named after V. I. Lenin, the predecessor of the current Nizhniy Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT). The radar had to be able to detect an aircraft to a range of no less than 130 kilometers, cover 360 degrees in azimuth and 4-18 degrees in elevation. A response time of no more than 25 seconds was stipulated and the radar had to be accurate to within 650 meters in range and within 700 meters in altitude, as well as operate in the VHF band. SKB managed to meet these performance requirements with the P-3 radar and this was confirmed during testing in 1945 before entry into service with the PVO.

title: Russian air surveillance radars

text: The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (Russian acronym: NNIIRT) has since 1948 developed a number of radars. These were mainly radars in the VHF-band, and many of which featured developments in technology that represented "first offs" in the Soviet Union. Innovations include the first Soviet air surveillance radar with a circular scan: the P-8 Volga (NATO: KNIFE REST A) in 1950, the first 3D radar: the 5N69 Salute (NATO: BIG BACK) in 1975, and in 1982 the first VHF-band 3D-radar: the 55Zh6 Nebo (NATO: TALL RACK). Other innovations were radars with frequency hopping; the P-10 Volga A (NATO: KNIFE REST B) in 1953, radars with transmitter signal coherency and special features like moving target indicator (MTI); the P-12 Yenisei (NATO: SPOON REST) in 1955 as well as the P-70 Lena-M with chirp signal modulation in 1968 or the widely used P-18 Terek (NATO: SPOON REST D) in 1970.

title: CXAM radar

text: The CXAM radar system was the first production radar system deployed on United States Navy ships, operating in the mid-high VHF frequency band of 200 MHz. It followed several earlier prototype systems, such as the NRL radar installed in April 1937 on the destroyer ; its successor, the XAF, installed in December 1938 on the battleship ; and the first RCA-designed system, the CXZ, installed in December 1938 or January 1939 on the battleship . Based on testing in January 1939, where the XAF was more reliable, the US Navy ordered RCA to build six XAF-based units for deployment and then shortly thereafter ordered 14 more.

title: Searchlight Control radar

text: Searchlight Control, SLC for short but nicknamed "Elsie", was a British Army VHF-band radar system that provided aiming guidance to an attached searchlight. By combining a searchlight with a radar, the radar did not have to be particularly accurate, it only had to be good enough to get the searchlight beam on the target. Once the target was lit, normal optical instruments could be used to guide the associated anti-aircraft artillery. This allowed the radar to be much smaller, simpler and less expensive than a system with enough accuracy to directly aim the guns, like the large and complex GL Mk. II radar. In 1943 the system was officially designated Radar, AA, No. 2, although this name is rarely used.

title: Arado Ar 234

text:
Overall from mid-1944 until the end of the war a total of 210 aircraft were built. In February 1945, production was switched to the C variant. It was hoped that by November 1945 production would reach 500 per month.
In addition, it was intended to modify upwards of 30 Ar 234B-2 airframes for the night-fighting role, from a proposal dated 12 September 1944 between Arado director Walter Blume and Goering's top aviation technologist, Siegfried Knemeyer. Designated Ar 234B-2/N and code named "Nachtigall" (Nightingale), these aircraft were fitted with FuG 218 "Neptun" VHF-band radar, with the appropriately reduced-dipole length version of the standard "Hirschgeweih" eight-dipole element, VHF-band transceiving AI radar antenna system, and carried a pair of forward-firing MG 151/20 autocannon within a "Magirusbombe" conformal gun pod on the ventral fuselage hardpoint. A second crew member, who operated the radar systems, was accommodated in a very cramped compartment in the rear fuselage. Two of these jury-rigged night fighters served with "Kommando Bonow", an experimental test unit attached to Luftflotte Reich. Operations commenced with the pair of 234Bs in March 1945, but Bonow's team soon found the aircraft to be unsuited for night fighting and no kills were recorded during the unit's very brief life.

title: Yoji Ito

text: The Germans had not yet developed a magnetron suitable for use in such systems, so their equipment operated in the VHF region. At the NTRI, they followed the Germans and built a prototype VHF set operating at 4.2 m (71 MHz) and producing about 5 kW. This was completed on a crash basis, and in early September 1941, the set detected a bomber at a range of 97 km (61 mi). The system, Japan’s first full radar, was designated Mark 1 Model 1 and quickly went into production.

title: Wave radar

text: The HF radar CODAR SeaSonde and Helzel WERA are well established as a powerful tool for sea current measurements up to a range of 300 km. It operates in the HF and low VHF frequencies band corresponding to a radar wavelength in the range of 10 to 300m. The Doppler shift of the first order Bragg lines of the radar echo is used to derive sea current estimates in very much the same way as for the dual frequency microwave radar. Two radar installations are normally required, looking at the same patch of the sea surface from different angles. The latest generation of shore-based ocean radar can reach more than 200 km for ocean current mapping and more than 100 km for wave measurements Helzel WERA. For all ocean radars, the accuracy in range is excellent. With shorter ranges, the range resolution gets finer. The angular resolution and accuracy depends on the used antenna array configuration and applied algorithms (direction finding or beam forming). The WERA system provides the option to use both techniques; the compact version with direction finding or the array type antenna system with beam forming methods.

title: Radar in World War II

text: While the benefits of operating in the microwave portion of the radio spectrum were known, transmitters for generating microwave signals of sufficient power were unavailable; thus, all early radar systems operated at lower frequencies (e.g., HF or VHF). In February 1940, Great Britain developed the resonant-cavity magnetron, capable of producing microwave power in the kilowatt range, opening the path to second-generation radar systems.[4]

title: JLENS

text: The system features two tethered aerostats, roughly in length, that float to an altitude of for up to 30 days at a time. Each aerostat utilizes a different radar system—one has a VHF-band surveillance radar and the other an X-band fire-control radar. JLENS is designed to provide 24/7, 360-degree coverage extending . The surveillance radar scans in all directions to pick up targets, then the targeting radar looks only in a certain segment to guide weapons to it. Its detection capability seeks to equal 4–5 fixed-wing aircraft, and is designed to operate at 15–20 percent of the cost of fixed-wing aircraft.

title: Lichtenstein radar

text: The Lichtenstein radar was among the earliest airborne radars available to the Luftwaffe in World War II and the first one used exclusively for air interception. Developed by Telefunken, it was available in at least four major revisions, called FuG 202 Lichtenstein B/C, FuG 212 Lichtenstein C-1, FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 and the very rarely used FuG 228 Lichtenstein SN-3. (FuG is short for Funk-Gerät, radio set). The Lichtenstein series remained the only widely deployed airborne interception radar used by the Germans on their night fighters during the war — the competing FuG 216 through 218 Neptun mid-VHF band radar systems were meant as a potentially more versatile stopgap system through 1944, until the microwave-based FuG 240 "Berlin" could be mass-produced; the Berlin system was still being tested when the war ended.

title: AI Mk. IV radar

text: Meanwhile, Hibberd had successfully built a new push–pull amplifier using two of the same tubes but working in the 1.25-meter band, an upper-VHF band (around 220 MHz); below 1.25 m the sensitivity dropped off sharply. Gerald Touch, originally from the Clarendon Laboratory, converted the EMI receiver to this wavelength by using the existing set as the intermediate frequency (IF) stage of a superheterodyne circuit. The original 45 MHz frequency would remain the IF setting for many following radar systems. On its first test on 17 August, Anson "K6260" with Touch and Keith Wood aboard immediately detected shipping in the English Channel at a range of . The team later increased the wavelength slightly to 1.5 m to improve sensitivity of the receiver, and this 200 MHz setting would be common to many radar systems of this era.

title: Texas Instruments

text: TI went on to produce side-looking radar systems, the first terrain following radar and surveillance radar systems for both the military and FAA. TI demonstrated the first solid-state radar called (MERA). In 1976 TI developed a microwave landing system prototype. In 1984 TI developed the first inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR). The first single-chip gallium arsenide radar module was developed. In 1991 the (MIMIC) program was initiated– a joint effort with Raytheon.

title: GL Mk. III radar

text: In August 1940, the Army issued a specification for a new GL radar that combined a VHF set like the Mk. II with a microwave-frequency tracking system with high accuracy. It required:P. E. Pollard of the Air Defence Research and Development Establishment in Christchurch, Dorset had been one of the first people to consider radar as early as 1930, and had been working with the "Army Cell" at the Air Ministry Experimental Station for some time before joining other Army researchers at Christchurch, Dorset. They selected British Thomson-Houston (BTH), who built the earlier 5 m GL sets, to build a prototype. Pollard moved to BTH's plants in Rugby, Warwickshire to work on the new system.

title: P-14 radar

text: The design of the P-14 2D early warning radar started in 1955 by decree of the CPSU Central Committee. The P-14 being the first high power VHF radar to be developed by the Soviet Union, the radar was accepted into service in 1959 following the successful completion of the radars test program. The P-14 was developed under the direction of V.I. Ovsyannikov by the SKB Design Bureau, a division of State Plant No.197 named after V.I.Lenin, the predecessor of the current Nizhniy Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT). The development team was awarded the Lenin prize by the Soviet Union in 1960 for the development of the P-14 radar.

title: Unified S-band

text: The USB system did not completely replace all other radio transmitters on Apollo. Apollo still used VHF between astronauts and the Lunar Module (LM) and lunar rover during extra-vehicular activity; between the lander and the command module, and between the spacecraft and Earth stations in the orbital and recovery phases. As a backup the CM could measure range to the LM over the VHF voice link. The spacecraft radar systems operated on frequencies separate from those of the USB.

title: Bones Knob Radar Station

text: The ACO electronics were the second generation of the British CH (Chain Home) type of radar, a "floodlit" system operating on the VHF band. The British electronics contained panels and features not used in other radars or deemed necessary in the Pacific.

title: Junkers Ju 88

text:
The first version of the Ju 88C was the C-1 with 20 aircraft converted from A-1 airframes. Some of them entered service in the "Zerstörerstaffel" of KG 30 which became part of II./NJG 1 in July 1940. The C-1 was followed by the C-2 of which 20 aircraft were converted from A-5 airframes with enlarged wingspan. The C-4 became the first production version with 60 produced and 60 converted from A-5 airframes. The C-6, of which 900 aircraft were produced, was based on the A-4 airframe with more powerful engines and stronger defensive armament (single- or dual-mount belt-fed 7.92 mm MG 81 or 13 mm MG 131 instead of drum-fed MG 15 machine guns).
The C-6 as night fighter was typically equipped with FuG 202 "Lichtenstein" BC low-UHF band airborne intercept radar, using the complex 32-dipole "Matratze" antennas. The first four C-6 night fighters were tested in early 1942 by NJG 2. The trials were successful and the aircraft was ordered into production. In October 1943, many C-6s were upgraded with new radar systems. The first new radar equipment was the FuG 212 Lichtenstein C-1. After the UHF-band Lichtenstein radars had been compromised to the Allies in the late spring of 1943, the next development in German AI radar was the VHF-band FuG 220 "Lichtenstein" SN-2, discarding the 32-dipole "Matratze" antennae for the much larger eight-dipole "Hirschgeweih" (stag's antlers) aerials, required for the longer wavelength SN-2 system.

title: Operation Steinbock

text: The German bombers were afforded some protection in the form of the new, mid-VHF band FuG 216 "Neptun" radar system, usable both as an airborne intercept system (as a replacement for the post-July 1944 compromised Lichtenstein SN-2 system) and as a tail-warning radar, which could detect approaching RAF night fighters from the rear. To confuse British radars further various medium bomber types were equipped with "Kettenhund" radar jammers, specifically carried in the Ju 88, which had some effect in jamming the upper-VHF band, 205 MHz frequency SCR-268 gun laying radar used by anti-aircraft artillery, but was ineffective in countering microwave-frequency radars like the 3 GHz frequency, SCR-584 radar. German bombers also used "Düppel" (chaff) techniques to confound British ground radar as they approached the British coast. The tin foil strips swamped the radar screens and masked the true height, direction and speed of approaching bombers.

title: Charles Orr Stanley

text: Charles Orr Stanley CBE (15 April 1899 – 18 January 1989) was a businessman who played an important role in the early development of commercial radio and television in Great Britain, especially in his role as head of Pye Ltd. Pye produced receivers for use in Chain Home, the British coastal defence radar system, and helped with the supply of EF50 valves for later British radar operating at VHF.

title: NASA recovery ship

text: Communications equipment includes a Kongsberg dynamic position system and joy stick control, X-band and S-band radars for tracking ship traffic and the falling SRBs, global positioning system, handheld VHF radios and GPS units, digital video and recording systems, voice and data satellite communication capability, VHF automatic direction finding, high-frequency single-side band radios, electronic chart plotters, night vision and Sea Area-3 Global Maritime Distress Safety System consoles. To satisfy NASA's need for more observational data during shuttle launches, a Weibel Scientific Continuous Pulse Doppler X-band radar was mounted on MV "Liberty Star" to provide velocity and motion information about the shuttle and any debris during launch.

title: Linesman/Mediator

text: Linesman was a comprehensive upgrade of the UK air defence system; along with work on the signalling and communications issues, upgrades to the existing radars were also planned. The existing Type 80 radars used in the MRS network were powerful but relatively easy to jam. Upgrades were aimed primarily at offering improved jamming resistance in the event of a noisy ECM environment. To augment the existing Type 80 a new Type 84 radar had already been proposed. Linesman proposed that three new radars were developed, two primary long-range search radars; Marconi's Type 84 and the AEI Type 85 "Blue Yeoman", with additional height finding capability being provided by the Decca HF 200 height-finder. To improve system resilience to jamming the two primary radars operated on different frequency bands, the Type 84 in "L" band, the Type 85 in "S" band. As the system developed more systems were added to improve the ECM capability of the system.

text: Innovations include the first Soviet air surveillance radar with a circular scan; the P-8 Volga (NATO: KNIFE REST A) in 1950, the first 3D-radar; the 5N69 Salute (NATO: BIG BACK) in 1975, and in 1982 the first VHF-band 3D-radar; the 55Zh6 Nebo (NATO: TALL RACK).

title: Flensburg radar detector

text: The FuG 227 "Flensburg" was a German passive radar receiver developed by Siemens & Halske and introduced into service in Spring 1944. It used wing and tail-mounted dipole antennae and was sensitive to the mid-VHF band frequencies of 170–220 MHz, subharmonics of the Monica radar's 300 MHz transmissions. It allowed Luftwaffe nightfighters to home in on the Monica tail warning radar fitted to RAF bombers.

title: Unified S-band

text: The previous programs, Mercury and Gemini, had separate radio systems for voice, telemetry, and tracking. Uplink voice and command, and downlink voice and telemetry data were sent via ultra high frequency (UHF) and very high frequency (VHF) systems. The tracking capability was a C band beacon interrogated by a ground-based radar. With the much greater distance of Apollo, passive ranging was not feasible, so a new active ranging system was required. Apollo also planned to use television transmissions, which were not supported by the existing systems. Finally, the use of three different frequencies complicated the spacecraft systems and ground support. The Unified S-band (USB) system was developed to address these concerns.

title: Dnestr radar

text: The Dnestr radar came from work on ballistic missile defence undertaken in the late 1950s and early 1960s. System A, the prototype for the A-35 anti-ballistic missile system, was set up in the Sary Shagan testing grounds, in the Kazakh SSR. Work on the system was led by design bureau KB-1 which proposed using VHF radar RTN () and the Dunay-2 UHF radar. Other alternatives were sought from Soviet industry and RTI proposed using VHF radar TsSO-P () and UHF radar TsSS-30 ().


query: When did Keith M. Davidson become a lawyer?

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: For the next two years Davidson worked in government, with the state legislature and later at the Plymouth County district attorney's office. He began applying to law schools, and was accepted at Whittier Law School in Costa Mesa, California. After moving cross-country to study there, he graduated in 2000 and was admitted to the California bar at the end of the year.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: According to the Journal's account, after Bechard retained Davidson, he got in touch with Cohen. Campos found this a strange thing for Davidson to do since Broidy was not a client of Cohen's, and Cohen therefore had no obligation to keep the information about the affair confidential. "[The call] had no conceivable legal justification, and was profoundly counterproductive to Davidson's client's interest." He also found it strange that Broidy, a man whose name was not widely known outside New York's financial community, would pay much more than Trump had for the silence of a past liaison, and retain a lawyer he did not know (when he already knew many who could have effectively represented him) who had called him on his own initiative about a claim which Bechard had, according to Broidy, provided no proof of, then quickly confess after the case became public knowledge. Campos believed it was much more plausible that it was Trump who had impregnated Bechard and paid to keep the abortion from becoming public knowledge to avoid alienating evangelical Christians who had been critical to his election.[25]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Their new lawyer, Sean Bral, reviewed the settlement and audited the records of the payments, which went from Sheen to Davidson's client trust account, then to Montgomery and Davidson, with smaller portions to Blatt and Quinlan. He came to believe that Davidson had committed several ethical violations in order to make more than his $800,000 share of the settlement, money which he likely needed given his recent financial difficulties. Davidson, Bral alleged, had billed Montgomery more than her stay in rehab had actually cost, taken more money at the beginning than he was entitled to and shared his fees with non-lawyers (Blatt and Quinlan), a practice the California bar prohibits. He had also modified their agreement on the sharing of the settlement without giving her a chance to have another lawyer review it.[9]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson arranged for Montgomery to enter a rehabilitation facility owned by a friend and paid her cash advances afterwards. Eventually he negotiated a $2 million settlement with Sheen, payable in installments over the next five years as long as she kept the actor's HIV status to herself. After Montgomery and De Anda married in 2013, they fired Davidson.[9]

title: William H. Davidson (lieutenant governor)

text: William H. Davidson was an American businessman and politician who was the acting Lieutenant Governor of Illinois from December 9, 1836 to December 7, 1838. Davidson, who had been serving as the senator from White County, Illinois, replaced Alexander M. Jenkins when Jenkins resigned the Lieutenant Governor's office to become president of the Illinois Central Railroad. In 1838, Davidson lost a reelection bid to Stinson H. Anderson.

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson was the attorney for the shell company. He told The Smoking Gun later that while he did represent "the content owner", whom he declined to identify, for some of that time, that was the extent of his involvement with ParisExposed. However, some of the programmers who had worked on digitizing the media and developing the site's code recalled that Davidson had been in charge of the effort to the exclusion of anyone else, although they were not sure he did not have outside investors.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: In early 2018 Daniels broke her silence and recounted the affair to Anderson Cooper on 60 Minutes. By then she too had fired Davidson; her new lawyer, Michael Avenatti, charged that Davidson had colluded with Cohen both in his client's case and McDougal's to protect Trump. In June she sued Davidson for malpractice; two days later Davidson countersued her and Avenatti alleging defamation.[20] He had earlier said that her claims were inaccurate and that he looked forward to correcting them "in an appropriate forum".[7]

title: Keith M. Landy

text: Keith M. Landy was a Canadian lawyer and former president of the Canadian Jewish Congress.

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Tila Tequila alleged that Davidson had threatened to market a sex tape she and her former boyfriend had made on a 2008 vacation overseas if she did not consent to it. If she did, she claimed he said, she would get a share of the proceeds as other celebrities had with sex tapes of themselves. However, Tequila had two new adult films coming out, and neither she nor Vivid Entertainment, the production company, wanted to compete with themselves.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: These cases resulted in three complaints against Davidson to the state bar. In 2010 he accepted culpability for incompetence in the practice of law and willful violations of professional rules, including mishandling client funds and failure to keep a client informed of the progress of their case; he was suspended from practicing law for two years, to be followed by three years' probation requiring attendance at an ethics class and regular updates from other lawyers. However, after other lawyers filed letters of their own with the bar noting his lack of prior misconduct and "overall honesty", that suspension was reduced to 90 days.[6][lower-alpha 4] Davidson says that the neglected cases that led to the suspension were the result of being "spread a little too thin."[7]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson opened up a solo practice after receiving his law license.[6] Recalling his own modest background, and a letter from an aunt who had become a nun, his initial intent was to use his professional position to stand up for the poor and marginalized.[7] He thus began representing criminal defendants. One of his earliest clients in that capacity, he recalled in 2018, was a young woman charged with murder, whom he was able to get acquitted. Her family was in such tight financial straits that the woman's mother sometimes paid Davidson in rolls of quarters.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Before McDougal left her Arizona home for Los Angeles, Davidson told her that AMI had already put half a million dollars into escrow for her. At AMI, vice president Dylan Howard had her retell all the details of the affair for two hours. But afterwards Davidson told her that the company was not interested, and that there had in fact never been any money in escrow. Only later, she claimed, did she learn that Davidson had called Michael Cohen, one of Trump's lawyers, about her conversation with AMI;[16] Davidson called it "a professional courtesy".[7]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Around the same time that Davidson was finalizing the deal between McDougal and AMI, he was representing another woman who alleged a contemporaneous affair with Trump: adult-film actress Stephanie Clifford, known onscreen as Stormy Daniels. In that case the counterparty was Trump himself, represented by Cohen.[20] Davidson told CNN he had first represented her in this matter when gossip site TheDirty.com reported rumors of the relationship in 2011.[7] Ultimately she received $130,000 for her silence; at that time he denied rumors of the affair.[20]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Hogan, Houston and Davidson met in a Florida hotel room to finalize the deal. Davidson brought the discs, and the other two brought $150,000 in cash, the first installment of the settlement. FBI agents in the next room were listening in and preparing to make an arrest. In a private conversation, Davidson admitted to Houston that the tapes had originally come from a disgruntled former employee of Clem's, without naming Loyd, and that he did not know whether they had been stolen nor was he interested in knowing.[12]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson settled a legal malpractice case brought by a woman who said that not only had he made false claims in her legal pleadings, he had apparently lost interest in her tort case against the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office when he learned her injuries were not as severe as he had originally believed and thus would not have earned him a high contingency fee. Clients in several other cases charged that Davidson had mishandled their cases, and/or put his interests above their own; they also recalled that, in his ads and personal consultations, Davidson had represented his firm as employing dozens of talented and skilled lawyers when he in fact employed only a single paralegal. A couple suing the state over an injury their son received at a state mental hospital learned that Davidson's repeated failure to appear on their behalf had led the judge to dismiss their case a long time after that had happened.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson later represented Walters and other members of his family in some legal matters, including incorporating a company for Walters. The lawyer told Bastone he might have been paid for some of the work, but was not sure. Walters would not answer questions about his relationship with Davidson.[9]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson has become best known for representing clients who have, or claim to have, documentary material that could adversely affect the reputations of celebrities they were acquainted with or worked for if made public, but will return those materials to the celebrity without sharing them with the media if they are paid sufficiently. He has been sued by three of those celebrities alleging extortion. During negotiations over Hulk Hogan's sex tape in 2012, he was detained by FBI agents conducting a sting operation, although no charges were ever filed.[2]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson's wife, Kristi, is a registered nurse. They have two sons and live near Lake Sherwood, in Ventura County, north of Los Angeles.[5] He is reportedly an avid golfer in his spare time.[9]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Some of the lawyers who have represented counterparties in negotiations with Davidson speak well of him. "For the niche he has carved out—which I guess most people would shy away from—he's always struck me as honorable and a man of his word", Mark Geragos, who estimated to The Smoking Gun that he has represented celebrities on whom Davidson's clients have material approximately 10 times, told Bastone. "He's more interested in making money for his clients rather than getting publicity for himself", said Martin Singer, attorney for Charlie Sheen. Cohen told Redden that Davidson had "always been professional, ethical and a true gentleman."[8]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: After being detained and questioned, Burbridge and Davidson were released with the understanding that federal prosecutors would be reviewing the case and might yet file charges. Davidson texted Loyd, who was elsewhere, and told him what had happened. He advised Loyd to retain separate counsel since he now had a conflict of interest as a target of the same investigation.[12]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: The cash payment was only $150,000, from which Davidson would take his cut, but AMI would also give her a chance to write two years worth of columns on women's health and wellness both in print and online, with two cover appearances on their magazines, including Men's Fitness, where she had appeared after winning Playmate of the Year. Although she says she made clear several times that she did not yet fully understand the contract, Davidson allegedly told her to sign and return it within hours of receipt. However, she heard nothing from AMI afterwards;[16] only on later review did she discover that the contract only gave AMI the option to run columns under her name and likeness, a detail she claims Davidson did not tell her.[17]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Jason Quinlan, who had brought some clients to Davidson besides Kira Montgomery, also had some positive things to say. After noting to Bastone that Davidson's upper middle class personal life was "the exact opposite" of the marginal people who often became his clients, he said "Keith's actually pretty cool ... He's a shady lawyer but he's a decent guy."[9]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Keith M. Davidson (born 1971) is a lawyer in private practice in Beverly Hills, California, United States; he currently resides near Lake Sherwood. While his practice began as criminal defense,[1] he has since represented plaintiffs in civil torts such as medical malpractice, and managed professional boxers including Manny Pacquiao and James Toney. A native of Brockton, Massachusetts, he settled in Southern California after studying law at Whittier.[2]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: When Avenatti was able to review the complaint the next business day, he did not share details but said "being named in this lawsuit is frivolous and complete bullshit." He moved to have it unsealed, suggesting that he was included on the basis that he had leaked the agreement to the media after Davidson shared it with him. However, he said, Davidson had shared it without any inquiry on his part, and, Avenatti claims, never told him any of it was confidential.[28]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Davidson characterized the Gawker post as a "shot across the bow" from his clients, saying that there was more where that had come from,[13] and made what Houston characterized as less discreet threats. He and Hogan reported Davidson's efforts to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which believed there was enough evidence to suggest that he and his clients might be trying to extort money from the wrestler. Houston began letting the FBI eavesdrop on and record his telephone conversations with Davidson. He did not, however, make any clearly incriminating statements or threats as they negotiated what he believed would be a $300,000 settlement, and balked at including language in the agreement that seemed to him to be a confession.[12]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Before Davidson's suspension ended, two celebrities had named him in lawsuits.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: While he has downplayed the role that that business plays in his legal practice,[9] he is aware that has defined him and that he has been seen as the lawyer to retain in these cases.[7] On the recorded conversations in the Hulk Hogan case he is heard telling David Houston, Hogan's attorney, that these cases are "my specialty";[8] Houston said he was "amazed that there was a lawyer actually making a living doing this".[2] Both Bastone, who reported on what seemed to him like an effort on Davidson's part to blackmail him out of writing his story, and Redden likened him to Saul Goodman, the profit-driven lawyer in the TV series Breaking Bad who helps launder profits from illegal drug sales.[5][8] Kevin Blatt, who had referred some clients to Davidson in the early 2010s, now no longer does because "he flies too close to the fucking sun".[5]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: There have been other complaints about Davidson's adherence to legal ethics. The State Bar of California suspended his license in 2010 for incompetence in representing a client and other willful violations of rules of professional conduct after several incidents reported to it; a two-year suspension was reduced to 90 days. However, a report in The Smoking Gun alleged that even during that short period Davidson continued to practice law, and detailed many other questionable practices on his part, such as possibly splitting fees with non-lawyers like a TMZ assistant producer who referred clients to him.[5]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: Since Davidson had represented only himself in the case, he said, he claimed he was not violating the terms of his suspension, although he did not answer a question as to whether Tequila's boyfriend, also a defendant and the original owner of the tape, had been represented by separate counsel. However, shortly afterward Capri Anderson, another adult-film actress who alleged that she had been assaulted by Charlie Sheen, was referred to Davidson, and he began acting on her behalf in ways that appeared to The Smoking Gun to constitute practicing law.[6]

title: Keith M. Davidson

text: A month remained in the suspension when Davidson began contacting Sheen's attorney, to negotiate a settlement and demand at least a million dollars in payment, details that later emerged when Sheen sued Anderson, without naming Davidson either as defendant or in the complaint but describing his role in detail, arguing she was attempting to extort him. Davidson also arranged for Anderson to appear on Good Morning America to discuss her case and sat next to her on camera as she did. Davidson told Smoking Gun reporter William Bastone that he had been very careful not to violate the terms of his suspension and did not think these actions did.[6]

title: Michael Cohen (lawyer)

text: In a 2018 court proceeding, Cohen said he had given legal advice to only three clients in 2017: Donald Trump, Sean Hannity, and Elliott Broidy. In late 2017, Cohen arranged the $1.6 million payment by Broidy to Bechard as part of a nondisclosure agreement requiring Bechard to keep silent about the matter. Cohen was Broidy's attorney and Keith M. Davidson represented Bechard. Davidson had previously been the attorney for Stormy Daniels and Karen McDougal. The Bechard nondisclosure agreement used the same pseudonyms - David Dennison for the man and Peggy Peterson for the woman - as in the Daniels agreement. The payments were to be made in installments.


query: Where does U.S. Route 101 begin and end?

title: U.S. Route 101

text: The nearly 1,550-mile-long (2,500km) highway's northern terminus is in Tumwater, Washington: the route remains along the Olympic Peninsula's coastal perimeter west, north, and east; the northernmost point on the highway is in Port Angeles. The southern terminus of US101 is in Los Angeles at the East Los Angeles Interchange, the world's busiest freeway interchange.[2]

title: Oregon Route 229

text: Oregon Route 229 begins (at its southern terminus) at a junction with U.S. Route 20 and U.S. Route 20 Business, north of the city of Toledo. It heads north from there, past Olalla Reservoir, meeting the Siletz River in the town of Siletz. From there, it continues north, generally following the course of the river downstream (and crossing it several times), eventually turning west and heading towards the Pacific Ocean. Close to the end of the road is the historic town of Kernville; shortly after, OR 229 ends at an intersection with U.S. Route 101, located between Lincoln City and Gleneden Beach.

title: U.S. Route 70

text: When originally commissioned in 1926, U.S. Route 70 ran between Beaufort, North Carolina and U.S. Route 66 in Holbrook, Arizona. This older route ran from present day US 70 in Clovis, New Mexico through Vaughn, Willard (where former child route U.S. Route 470 branched off to Albuquerque) and Springerville, Arizona before finally reaching US 66 in Holbrook. In 1932, US 70 was rerouted to El Paso, Texas from Clovis along what is today U.S. Route 54. The re-routing temporarily removed US 70 entirely from Arizona. The old route to Holbrook was replaced by U.S. Route 60 and U.S. Route 260. That same year, the eastern terminus of US 70 was extended to Atlantic, North Carolina, where it remains to this day (albeit in a slightly different location). In 1934, the routing was changed yet again and US 70 was rerouted to California through Las Cruces, New Mexico, Deming, Globe, Arizona and Phoenix to a junction with U.S. Route 99 around Mecca. Between Globe and its new western end in California, US 70 was paired with US 60. A year later, US 70 was extended and reached downtown Los Angeles at U.S. Route 101 running concurrent with US 99 and/or US 60 throughout its course west of Globe. Beginning in 1964 it was decommissioned in favor of Interstate 10 or US 60. After being removed from California, US 70 ended at the California/Arizona state line in Ehrenberg until 1969, when it was further truncated to its current endpoint in Globe.

title: Rhode Island Route 101

text: Route 101 is a numbered state highway running in Rhode Island. It begins at the Connecticut state line in the town of Foster and ends at U.S. Route 6 in the town of Scituate.

title: California State Route 128

text: Route 128 begins at Route 1 near the mouth of the Navarro River at the Pacific Ocean. The highway travels upriver through the coast redwood forests of Navarro River Redwoods State Park and through the vineyards and apple orchards of the Anderson Valley to Boonville. Route 253 terminates into Route 128 at the south end of Boonville. Leaving Boonville, Route 128 climbs out of the Navarro River watershed and crosses the Yorkville Highlands before descending into the Russian River watershed, arriving at Cloverdale in the Alexander Valley, where the highway joins U.S. Route 101 heading south. A few miles later, at Geyserville, Route 128 separates from U.S. 101 and crosses Knights Valley on the way to Napa Valley, where it joins Route 29 at Calistoga. After passing through the town of St. Helena, Route 128 splits from Route 29 at Rutherford and climbs east over dry ridges above Lake Berryessa to the Sacramento Valley. In Winters, the route's constructed portion ends at Interstate 505. By its legal definition, the route continues east to Route 113 at Davis and Interstate 80, but this segment is currently not constructed.

title: Oregon Route 53

text: Oregon Route 53 begins (at its southern terminus) at a junction with U.S. Route 101 in the city of Nehalem. Soon after leaving the city, the highway begins to follow the North Fork of the Nehalem River (and several minor tributaries). Eventually, the highway and the river diverge; and the highway crosses through a pass to enter the basin of the Necanicum River. It follows this river for a distance, until the highway ends at an intersection with U.S. Route 26 at Necanicum Junction.

title: Special routes of U.S. Route 6

text:
The business and bypass cross Route 102 soon after splitting. The western half of the bypass is a two-lane limited access road, with one grade separation — under Gleaner Chapel Road — and one intersection — at Route 102. This newer section ends as it merges with Route 101, once the Rhode Island and Connecticut Turnpike, and now called Hartford Pike. The two parallel alignments cross the Scituate Reservoir and Route 116 before they merge near the east edge of Scituate. This merge was the east end of the Foster and Scituate Turnpike, and was the east end of Route 101 until the early 2000s (when it was truncated to the merge with US 6 Byp.). The Rhode Island and Connecticut Turnpike continued to the Olneyville section of Providence, where it is known as Hartford Avenue.
U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) is an alternate route of US 6 in Rhode Island. The route begins at US 6 and I-295 in Johnston and follows Hartford Avenue through the city. US 6A continues into Providence, traveling along Hartford Avenue to its terminus at US 6.

title: Special routes of U.S. Route 101

text:
A total of fifteen special routes of U.S. Route 101 exist.
Present SR 1 in the Los Angeles area was U.S. Route 101 Alternate from the mid-1930s to 1964.
The precursor to the Santa Ana Freeway between Los Angeles and Anaheim was U.S. Route 101 Bypass from the early 1940s to the mid-1950s, when it became part of US 101. Old US 101 there is now partially SR 72.

title: California State Route 114

text:
The route begins at U.S. Route 101 in East Palo Alto. From here, it heads east into Menlo Park. Here, it meets Hamilton Avenue and its east end at SR 84, which continues to the Dumbarton Bridge over the San Francisco Bay.
When defined in 1963, the route began at I-280 and ended at US 101. In 1984, a segment of SR 84 in the vicinity was swapped with SR 114, moving SR 114 from I-280 to SR 84, which followed Willow Road, as it does today. In 1990, however, the I-280 section was truncated and the terminus was switched to US 101.

title: U.S. Route 101 in Oregon

text: North of Seaside, US 101 follows the coastal plain through cities such as Gearhart; a spur route (Oregon Route 104) provides access to Fort Stevens State Park. US 101 soon enters the city of Warrenton, Oregon (where Business 101, which is more of a scenic route, providing access to the Astoria-Warrenton Airport, Fort Clatsop, and Miles Crossing) and then crosses Youngs Bay into Astoria, Oregon. 101 passes through the northwestern edge of Astoria, until an intersection with U.S. Route 30. At this intersection, 101 climbs an access road onto the Astoria-Megler Bridge over the Columbia River, and crosses into the state of Washington.

title: Texas State Highway 101

text: SH 101 begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 81 on the far southeast side of Bowie, and travels southeast about 7 miles to Sunset. This section was the original routing of US 81 and US 287 before an upgraded routing was built for those routes. This section of SH 101 also remains within a mile of the upgraded US 81/US 287 along the entire route. In Sunset, the route sutns to the south, departing from it parallel routing with the US Routes, and continues southward through Chico to its southern terminus on the north side of Bridgeport, where it meets U.S. Route 380 and SH 114. This section from Sunset to Bridgeport was a previous routing of SH 114 before it was redirected westward in 1976.

title: California State Route 162

text: State Route 162 runs roughly west–east from U.S. Route 101 near Longvale, in Mendocino County, to Oroville, in Butte County. For most of its length, it is a two lane, undivided highway. The highway is broken into two pieces; the state's sponsorship of the road ends where it enters the Mendocino National Forest in Mendocino County where it becomes an unimproved dirt road maintained by the U.S. Forest Service as Forest Highway 7 (FH 7). State Route 162 begins again at the eastern boundary of the National Forest in Glenn County, some west of Willows.

title: Missouri Route 101

text: Route 101 starts at the Missouri–Arkansas state line, at the northern terminus of Arkansas Route 101 and County Road 583 (CRD 583). The road travels through a forest and parallel to the state line for the first . At CRD 588, the route turns northeastward, intersecting a few driveways until it reaches CRD 586, where it turns northward past the intersection. Route 101 travels eastward before it intersects CRD 584, and enters the corporate limits of Bakersfield at CRD 585. The route briefly travels north and intersects Route O, which leads to the unincorporated area of Udall. The road enters the center of the city at Main Street and curves northward at the western terminus of Route 142. Route 101 leaves the city north of Starks. The road enters through a mix of farmland and forests as it continued through southeast Ozark County. At CRD 101-174, the route begins to turn northeastward and later intersects CRD 597. Route 101 crosses the county line at CRD 7890, and enters Howell County. Once inside the county, the route turns north at Route YY and intersects CRD 7690. The road turns to the northeast in the community of Caulfield, and ends at US 61 in a T-intersection.

title: California State Route 253

text:
State Route 253 (SR 253), also known as the "Ukiah–Boonville" Road, is a highway in Mendocino County, California. It runs from California State Route 128 near Boonville to U.S. Route 101 near Ukiah, connecting the Anderson Valley to the Ukiah Valley across the mountains of the Mendocino Range.
The road begins in Boonville at an at-grade intersection with SR 128. The road heads eastward through a forested and mountainous area for approximately fifteen miles before entering the Russian River Basin, where numerous farms exist. The road ends with a interchange with U.S. Route 101 in southern Ukiah.

title: Lost Coast

text: The region lies roughly between Rockport and Ferndale. At the south end, State Route 1, which runs very close along the coast for most of its length, suddenly turns inland at Rockport before merging with U.S. Route 101 at Leggett. At the north end, State Route 211 begins its journey at Ferndale, heading towards Highway 101 in Fernbridge. still says that "Route 211 is from Route 1 near Rockport to Route 101 near Fernbridge", but it is unlikely that the portion south of Ferndale will be built. Most of the region's coastline is now part of either Sinkyone Wilderness State Park or King Range National Conservation Area.

title: California County Routes in zone S

text:
The route was established in 1961.
County Route S20 (CR S20) is a former county highway in the US state of California. As the only county route in Santa Barbara County, it was merged with State Route 1 in 1988 making the southbound SR 1 freeway to go along with Country Route S20 to Vandenberg AFB.
County Route S21 is a south–north running road serving the coastal communities of northern San Diego County, running from San Diego in the south to Oceanside in the north. The route is signed in many places as "Historic Route 101" with the official Historic U.S. 101 shields. S21 follows the prior alignment of U.S. Route 101 through this region. The route is also called "Coast Highway" in some places as well. This route was originally designated in 1968 and is long.
County Route S21 begins at Interstate 5 in the north of San Diego as Genesee Avenue. After proceeding west-northwest for 3/4 mile (1.2 km) it intersects Torrey Pines Road and continues north with that name. The road then travels north into Del Mar, where it is renamed "Camino Del Mar". While in Del Mar the route passes both the historic Del Mar Racetrack and through the historic downtown of Del Mar. In Solana Beach the route moves closer to the coast. Along this stretch it is named "Highway 101" and the city has signed the route along its length with faux U.S. Highway shields that resemble the official U.S. 101 shields in use today along with the state issued Historic 101 shield. While to the north in Encinitas the route's name becomes "Coast Highway 101" also in homage to the old U.S. Route. In Carlsbad it becomes "Carlsbad Blvd". The route is named "Coast Highway" in Oceanside, and comes to an end at Interstate 5 in Camp Pendleton.

title: Crescent City, California

text: Highway access is provided by U.S. Route 101, which runs directly through the city, connecting the Oregon Coast to the north and Eureka to the south. U.S. Route 199 begins just north of Crescent City and heads northeast to Grants Pass, Oregon. The junction of U.S. Routes 101 and 199 is one of only two junctions of two U.S. Routes in California, the other being the junction of U.S. Routes 6 and 395 in Bishop.

title: New York State Route 199

text: New York State Route199 (NY199) is a state highway located in the Hudson Valley of the U.S. state of New York. Its western end is in Ulster County, where it begins as the continuation of the short U.S. Route 209 expressway east of its interchange with U.S. Route 9W; after crossing the Kingston–Rhinecliff Bridge over the Hudson River the rest of the highway crosses northern Dutchess County. As it does it passes through downtown Red Hook and Pine Plains, reaching its eastern end at U.S. Route 44 and State Route 22 southwest of Millerton in the upper Harlem Valley.

title: Minnesota State Highway 101

text:
State Highway 101 was defined, along with many other routes, by Chapter 440 of the 1933 Minnesota Session Laws:
Legislative Route No. 187. Beginning at a point on Legislative Route No. 18 [U.S. Highway 169] at or near Elk River, thence extending in a southerly direction to a point on Legislative Route No. 117 [State Highway 13] as herein established.
The Minnesota Department of Highways (now MnDOT) took over maintenance of the roadway in 1934. Highway 101 began at State Highway 13 in Savage, at the intersection of "Dakota Avenue" and "McColl Drive", and ran west on "McColl Drive" and "Eagle Creek Boulevard" to downtown Shakopee. Old Highway 101 crossed the Minnesota River with U.S. Highway 169, and crossed U.S. Highway 212 along the present day Carver County portion of Highway 101. From Shakopee to near Rogers, the original routing of Highway 101 matched the present day State Highway 101 and "County Road 101" except in downtown Chanhassen, where old 101 had followed "Great Plains Boulevard" and "78th Street" (the later State Highway 5), in downtown Wayzata, where old 101 followed "LaSalle Street" to "Central Avenue", and on the State Highway 55 / 101 concurrency at Plymouth / Medina, which was along "Old Rockford Road" and "Hamel Road". Instead of using old State Highway 152 (now County Road 81) into Rogers, old Highway 101 continued north on "Brockton Avenue" (now County 13) and crossed the Crow River at its mouth, then heading northwest and north on "River Road" and "Parrish Avenue" to the Parrish Avenue Bridge over the Mississippi River. Upon crossing the bridge, old Highway 101 entered Elk River and immediately ended at U.S. Highway 10 and U.S. Highway 169 via short pieces of "Main Street" and "Jackson Avenue".

title: Washington State Route 3

text: State Route 3 (SR 3) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Washington, serving the Kitsap Peninsula in Mason and Kitsap counties. The highway begins at U.S. Route 101 (US 101) south of Shelton and travels northeast onto the Kitsap Peninsula through Belfair to Gorst, where it intersects SR 16 and begins its freeway. SR 3 travels west of Bremerton, Silverdale and Poulsbo before it terminates at the eastern end of the Hood Canal Bridge, signed as SR 104. The highway is designated as a Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET) corridor under the National Highway System as the main thoroughfare connecting both parts of Naval Base Kitsap and is also part of the Highways of Statewide Significance program.

title: Maine State Route 101

text: State Route 101 (SR 101) is a short state highway in extreme southern Maine. It follows a southeast–northwest trajectory, signed as south–north. SR 101 begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in Kittery, and runs northwest to the New Hampshire state line, where it continues as Gulf Road, an unnumbered local road in Dover towards New Hampshire Route 4.

title: U.S. Route 44

text: In 1926, most of New England Route 3 became U.S. Route 6. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, New England Route 17 was broken up into two newly assigned routes: modern Route 2 east of Hartford, and part of Route 101 west of Hartford. Route 101 was reconfigured in 1932 from its 1920s alignment to continue west of Phoenixville along former Route 109, then overlapping with US 6 to Hartford. Route 101 then used the western half of former New England Route 17 to North Canaan where it ended. The road from North Canaan to Salisbury was renumbered in 1932 to Route 199 to match the route number in New York at the time. In 1935, US 44 was designated and utilized Route 101 across the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. Route 199 was also incorporated into the new route, connecting with the New York state line.

title: U.S. Route 44 in Connecticut

title: California State Route 129

text:
State Route 129 (SR 129) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California in Santa Cruz County. The highway connects State Route 1 in Watsonville east to U.S. Route 101.
The route begins at State Route 1 with an interchange. The road then heads northeast into the town of Watsonville along Riverside Road, where it intersects County Route G12. Heading eastward out of town, SR 129 roughly parallels the Pajaro River along the Santa Cruz-San Benito County line before entering San Benito County near Chittenden. Crossing the Pajaro River, the road runs southeast along Chittenden road to end at U.S. Route 101.

title: California State Route 2

text: State Route 2 (SR 2) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California. Officially, it begins at the intersection of Centinela Avenue in the City of Los Angeles limits adjacent to the city of Santa Monica and extends all the way to SR 138 east of Wrightwood. The highway currently is divided into three segments, briefly runs concurrent with U.S. Route 101 (US 101) and Interstate 210 (I-210) to connect the segments. The western section of the highway is an old routing of U.S. Route 66; the eastern portion is known as the Angeles Crest Highway, while the middle section is known as the Glendale Freeway along with multiple surface streets around Route 101.

title: Illinois Route 101

text: Route 101 begins at a junction with Route 61 in Augusta, in Hancock County. The route leaves Augusta to the east and crosses into Schuyler County, entering Weinberg-King State Park across the county line. The highway continues east past the park until the community of Brooklyn, where it meets Route 99. After passing through Brooklyn, Route 101 heads eastward through Littleton before terminating at a junction with U.S. Route 67.

title: California State Route 237

text: Route 237 begins at a junction of Grant Road with El Camino Real (SR 82) in Mountain View, as a four lane divided highway. Most traffic comes from California State Route 85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road), Calaveras Boulevard, in Milpitas, terminating at Interstate 680.

title: McKinleyville, California

text: U.S. Route 101 extends north and south through the community. The route lies to the west of the majority of the community and bisects a small portion of the area. State Route 299 connects to U.S. Route 101 at the northern end of the nearby city of Arcata. SR 299 begins at that point and extends easterly to serve as the major traffic artery to the east for the community of McKinleyville. SR 200 also falls within the area, on the southern-most area of the city, letting drivers get to SR 299 without needing to get to US 101.

title: Arcata, California

text: U.S. Route 101 extends north and south and bisects the city. The downtown has several overcrossings; Arcata is considered a fairly walkable community. State Route 299 connects to U.S. Route 101 at the northern end of Arcata. SR 299 begins at this point and extends easterly towards Weaverville, Redding, Alturas, and Nevada. SR 255 Connects to U.S. Route 101 at the southern end of Arcata on Samoa Blvd. and to the west of US-101 passes through Manila. Bridge access (left at first controlled intersection) leads to Eureka through Woodley island and Indian island (using three bridges) ending on 4th (south 101) and 5th (north 101) streets in Eureka, CA. Used as an alternate route to the US-101, its speed limit is though, unlike the speed on Highway 101 – which from the Bayside cutoff to Gallagher lane north 101 and x street south 101 is due to a safety corridor.

title: California State Route 72

text: California's historic El Camino Real, which connected the Alta California missions, ran along what was then U.S. Route 101. Before 1964, U.S. Route 101 continued past today's end near the East Los Angeles Interchange east onto Whittier Boulevard and south on Harbor Boulevard until it met its bypass in Anaheim. (What is now Route 5 from Los Angeles to Anaheim was the U.S. Route 101 Bypass.)

title: Connecticut Route 101

text: In 1932, Route 101 was extended westward across the entire state. It now began in Canaan and ran through Hartford to Phoenixville, where it continued east along its 1920s alignment. The portion of old Route 101 between South Chaplin and Phoenixville became part of Route 91 (now Route 198). Old state highways 137 and 139 were combined into a new Route 202. In 1935, U.S. Route 44 and U.S. Route 202 were designated by AASHO. US 44 used the alignment of the extended Route 101. Old Route 202 was renumbered to Route 101 (since the number was now available) to avoid a numbering conflict with US 202. This route number change was done in cooperation with Rhode Island, which designated the continuation as Rhode Island Route 101. Route 101 was one of the few state routes that survived the 1932 state highway renumbering.