query: Do the Rough Riders still exist?

title: Rough Riders

text: A first reunion of the Rough Riders was held in the Plaza Hotel in Las Vegas, New Mexico in 1899.[14] Roosevelt, then Governor of New York, attended this event.[15] In 1948, fifty years after the Rough Riders disbandment, the U.S. Post office issued a commemorative stamp in their honor and memory. The stamp depicts Captain William Owen "Bucky" O'Neill, who was killed in action while leading troop A at the Battle of San Juan Hill, July 1, 1898.[16] The Rough Riders continued to have annual reunions in Las Vegas until 1967, when the sole veteran to attend was Jesse Langdon. He died in 1975.[15]

title: City of London Yeomanry (Rough Riders)

text:
The City of London Yeomanry (Rough Riders) was a yeomanry regiment of the British Territorial Army, formed in 1901. It amalgamated with the Inns of Court Regiment to form the Inns of Court & City Yeomanry in 1961. The lineage is maintained by 68 (Inns of Court & City Yeomanry) Signal Squadron, part of 71 (Yeomanry) Signal Regiment.
The City of London Yeomanry was originally formed in 1900 as the 20th Battalion, Imperial Yeomanry, and designated for service in the Second Boer War. The battalion's adopted nickname of the "Rough Riders" was taken from the US cavalry regiment that fought in the Spanish–American War. An additional battalion, the 22nd Rough Riders, was then formed in 1901, when the 20th Battalion was disbanded and the new regiment was formed from Boer War veterans and named the 1st County of London (Rough Riders) Imperial Yeomanry. This regiment was retitled The City of London (Rough Riders) Imperial Yeomanry in April 1902 with its headquarters at the Guildhall. The HQ later transferred to Finsbury Square, and the regiment, upon joining the newly established Territorial Force in 1908, was again retitled as the 1st City of London Yeomanry (Rough Riders).

title: Rough Riders

text: Colonel Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders were popularly portrayed in Wild West Shows such as Buffalo Bill's Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World and in Minstrel shows such as William H. West's Big Minstrel Jubilee. Roosevelt himself had a hand in popularizing the legends of the Rough Riders, recruiting Mason Mitchell, a fellow Rough Rider with theatrical talent, to perform for the Republican State Committee of New York.[19] More than anyone else, William Frederick Cody, better known as Buffalo Bill, can be credited with helping to create and preserve the dramatic myth of the Rough Riders and the American Old West. His extravaganzas glamorized it into an appealing show for Eastern American audiences and helped permanently preserve the legends.

title: Rough Riders Memorial

text: At the funeral of General Leonard Wood in August 1927, the approximately 400 living Rough Riders gathered for an informal reunion at Arlington National Cemetery. For many, it was the first time they had seen the Rough Riders Memorial.

title: Mixed terrain cycle touring

text: A few organizations and clubs promote mixed terrain touring. The biggest is the Adventure Cycling Association located in Missoula Montana. They are responsible for mapping the Great Divide Mountain Bike Route, the world’s longest mapped mixed terrain route. The oldest, still functioning, club dedicated to rough riding may be The Rough Stuff Fellowship of Great Britain founded in 1955. The Rough Riders of Southern California and the Colorado Rough Riders in Golden, Colorado are two American clubs dedicated to mixed terrain bicycle travel.

title: 1958 Ottawa Rough Riders season

text: The 1958 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 3rd place in the IRFU with a 6–8 record but lost to the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in the East Finals. This was also the Rough Riders' first season in the Canadian Football League as the league was formed in this year.

title: Rough Riders Memorial

text: The Rough Riders Memorial is a memorial in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States that commemorates those members of the "Rough Riders" who died in the Spanish–American War in 1898. The grey granite shaft was erected by surviving members of the Rough Riders and their friends and supporters. Although Arlington National Cemetery, a number of secondary sources, and even the bronze plaque on the memorial say the monument was dedicated in 1906 and one source says 1905, contemporary newspaper accounts show the memorial was dedicated on April 12, 1907.

title: Long Island Rough Riders (UWS)

text: The Rough Riders went 7-1-2 in 2011, finishing atop the Northeast Division. After a two-year playoff absence, the Rough Riders lost 2-1 in the Conference Semifinal against the Charlotte Lady Eagles. The Rough Riders received the Fair Play Award for their sportsmanlike conduct throughout the season.

title: Ben Daniels (pioneer)

text: Angered by the public outcry, President Roosevelt remained determined to do something for Ben Daniels – something that wouldn't require senate confirmation to get one of his favorite Rough Riders on the Federal payroll, Accordingly, the President had another former "Rough Rider," Governor Alexander Oswald Brodie of Arizona, appoint Daniels as Superintendent of the Territorial Penitentiary at Yuma on October 1, 1904. In a note to his close friend Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, President Roosevelt bragged: "By the way, I think it will rejoice your heart to know that Governor Brodie of Arizona (late Lieutenant-Colonel of the Rough Riders) is going to appoint Ben Daniels (late one-eared hero of that organization) as warden of the Arizona Penitentiary. When I told this to John Hay he remarked (with brutal absence of feeling) that he believed the proverb ran: 'Set a Rough Rider to catch a thief!'"

title: Jim Coode

text: After leaving the WFL, Coode joined the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League (CFL) at the end of September 1974. played professional football for seven seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL) as an offensive lineman for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He was a part of the Rough Riders' Grey Cup victory in 1976. He won the CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award in 1978 and the Tom Pate Memorial Award for community service in 1980. His jersey (#60) has been retired by the Rough Riders, and re-retired by the REDBLACKS. Coode was diagnosed with ALS in 1979 and appeared in four games for the Rough Riders in 1980 after the diagnosis.

text:
Total football stats Ottawa Rough Riders
Ottawa Rough Riders Records
CFL Record Book 2009
CFL website

title: Rough Rider (Rank)

text: Rough Rider is a now defunct rank in the Royal Regiment of Artillery of the British Army and was a rank equivalent to Private. It was previously used in the British and British Colonial Forces and was the rank was commonly displayed as a spur. Rough rider was also later used as an appointment for what others might call 'Assistant Instructor, equitation'. This latter use could result in designations such as Bombardier 'Rough Rider'.

title: Long Island Rough Riders

text: In 2009, the Rough Riders (12–2–2) finished in second place in the Northeast Division. Despite failing to qualify for the U.S. Open Cup, they clinched a spot in the divisional playoffs. The Rough Riders lost 2–0 to the Ocean City Barons.

title: Rough Riders

text: Wood's second in command was former Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Theodore Roosevelt, a man who had pushed for American involvement in the Cuban War of Independence. When Colonel Wood became commander of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade, the Rough Riders then became "Roosevelt's Rough Riders." That term was familiar in 1898, from Buffalo Bill who called his famous western show "Buffalo Bill's Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World." The Rough Riders were mostly made of college athletes, cowboys, ranchers, miners, and other outdoorsmen. With these men being from southwestern ranch country, they were quite skilled in horsemanship.

title: 1997 CFL Draft

text: The Ottawa Rough Riders folded following the 1996 CFL season, but any trades involving the club were still in effect. Since the Rough Riders finished last in the CFL, teams that received selections in trades picked first in those rounds, including the first overall pick. Conversely, the Hamilton Tiger-Cats traded their third round selection to the Rough Riders and that pick was subsequently forfeited. All other Ottawa selections were skipped.

title: Hamilton Fish II (Rough Rider)

text: Hamilton Fish, of the Rough Riders, a wealthy young New Yorker, was a Sergeant in the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, the Rough Riders, during the Spanish–American War.

title: Rough Riders

text: In contrast, the uniforms of the regiment were designed to set the unit apart: "The Rough Rider uniform was a slouch hat, blue flannel shirt, brown trousers, leggings, and boots, with handkerchiefs knotted loosely around their necks. They looked exactly as a body of cowboy cavalry should look."[2]:22 This "rough and tumble" appearance contributed to earning them the title of "The Rough Riders."

title: Peter Zaratin

text: In 2005, Zaratin acquired the Long Island Rough Riders professional men's franchise which currently competes in the Player Development League (PDL) of the United Soccer Leagues. The Long Island Lady Riders women's franchise was established in 2007. Today, the Long Island Rough Riders organization also includes a youth development program known as the Junior Rough Riders. In addition, the Rough Riders conduct camps, leagues, tournaments and training services to the Long Island soccer community.

text: The following is a list of Ottawa Rough Riders all-time records and statistics over their existence from 1876 to 1996.

title: Rough Riders Memorial

text: It is not clear who first proposed a Rough Rider Memorial, or when the idea was first raised. A Rough Riders National Monument Society was organized on June 15, 1906. Lillian Capron, wife of Captain Allyn K. Capron, Jr. (the Rough Riders' first officer to be killed in action), was elected president and treasurer. Eldridge E. Jordan, a prominent businessman, was elected vice president. The other members of the board of directors included Charles E. Hunter, an Oklahoma Republican politician and clerk of the Oklahoma Federal District Court; William Henry Harrison Llewellyn, a New Mexico Territory Republican politician and United States Attorney; Captain James R. Church, M.D., U.S. Army; and the Reverend Henry A. Brown, U.S. Army. All the men were former Rough Riders. Rev. Brown had served as the regimental chaplain.

title: 1974 Ottawa Rough Riders season

text: The 1974 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 2nd place in the Eastern Conference with a 7–9 record. Head coach Jack Gotta left the Rough Riders to become the head coach of the Birmingham Americans in the World Football League.

title: Ottawa Rough Riders

text: For much of the team's history it played in the same league as the Saskatchewan Roughriders, confusing many, and also attracting general ridicule to the CFL for being a league with only eight or nine teams but two of them being named "rough riders" (spelled identically although configured differently, also, the Saskatchewan team's nickname has a well-documented derivation that has nothing to do with the Spanish–American War or logging). For a good period of time, both clubs also shared the same colours of red and black. The teams had historically belonged to separate leagues ('unions') until the CFL was formed in 1958. When the CFL was formed they were allowed to keep their long-standing names; Ottawa was frequently known as the "Eastern Riders" while Saskatchewan was referred to as either the "Western Riders" or "Green Riders". On four occasions, the two teams met in the Grey Cup.

title: Travel On, Rider

text: In a favorable review, Gina Arnold wrote that "although "Travel On, Rider"...is by far the best album of [Scrawl's] career, it is also the band's most difficult." She also described the album as "the Ladies to the [Afghan] Whigs' 1993 tour de force "Gentlemen". Andy Kellman gave "Travel On, Rider" 3 and a half stars out of 5, writing, "Without sacrificing the band's rough edges, Steve Albini's and Jeff Powell's recording and engineering give the band it's [sic] most polished sound yet, but it doesn't make their songs -- still bitter, still pessimistic, still sad -- suffer for it."

title: Bob Simpson (Canadian football)

text: He was the Rough Riders nominee for the Schenley Most Outstanding Player in 1956, Schenley Most Outstanding Canadian Award three times, and was Most Outstanding Canadian runner-up in 1956. Over his career with the Rough Riders, Simpson caught 274 passes for 6,034 yards and 65 touchdowns. On defense, he recorded 18 interceptions for 192 return yards and three touchdowns while on punt returns, he had 53 returns for 376 yards (7.1 yard average) and one touchdown. He was the first Rough Riders player to record 1000 receiving yards in a season, doing so in 1956.

title: Honky-tonk

text: As late as 1913, Col. Edwin Emerson, a former Rough Rider commander, hosted a honky-tonk party in New York City. The Rough Riders were recruited from the ranches of Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Indian Territories, so the term was still in popular use during the Spanish–American War.

title: Ottawa Rough Riders

text: Despite being denied the use of the Rough Riders nickname, the Redblacks do pay homage to the Rough Riders. The Redblacks' primary logo is a stylized version of the block "R" used by the Rough Riders from 1975 to 1991. In the Redblacks' first home game, they retired the ten player numbers that the Rough Riders had retired.

title: 1984 Ottawa Rough Riders season

text: The 1984 Ottawa Rough Riders finished the season in fourth place in the East Division with a 4–12–0 record. As such, the Rough Riders missed the playoffs for the first time since 1970.

title: Ottawa Redblacks

text: Initially, Hunt hoped to revive the Rough Riders name. Almost as soon as they won the franchise, Hunt and his group made contact with previous Rough Riders owner Horn Chen regarding the name, and they were well aware of Chen's asking price for the Rough Riders logo and wordmarks. The Rough Riders name still retains popular among football fans in Ottawa. The Rough Riders played for 120 years, during which time they played for the Grey Cup 15 times, winning nine. However, in July 2010, the ownership group announced that while they had acquired the Rough Riders intellectual properties—including their trademarks—from Chen, the Rough Riders name would likely not be returning because of the objections of the Saskatchewan Roughriders.

title: 1914 Ottawa Rough Riders season

text: The 1914 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 4th place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 0–6 record and failed to qualify for the playoffs. This was the first time in franchise history that the Rough Riders finished without a win in regular season play.

title: Long Island Rough Riders (UWS)

text: The Long Island Rough Riders, formerly known as the Long Island Lady Riders, is an American women’s soccer team, based out of Long Island, New York. Founded in 1994, the team was under the ownership of Chuck Jacob, who at the time also owned the men's Long Island Rough Riders up until 1997 before selling it to Frank Boulton. At this time, the Rough Riders transitioned names and became known as the Lady Riders for several years. In 2007, the Rough Riders acquired territorial and franchise rights to the women's Lady Riders team. For the first time since 1997, the men's and women's teams would be under the same name and they have been ever since. The team is a member of United Women's Soccer, the second tier of women’s soccer in the United States and Canada. The team competes in the Eastern Conference. The Rough Riders were an original member of the USL W-League and played in all 21 seasons before the league disbanded in late 2015.

title: 1996 Ottawa Rough Riders season

text: The 1996 Ottawa Rough Riders finished 4th place in the East Division with a 3–15–0 record and failed to make the playoffs. This was the final season in Ottawa Rough Riders franchise history as they folded after the season ended.


query: How long has Hustle been on the air?

title: Hustle (TV series)

text: Hustle is a British television crime drama series starring Adrian Lester, Robert Glenister and Robert Vaughn. Created by Tony Jordan, it was produced by Kudos Film and Television, and broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom. The show premiered on 24 February 2004, and ran for eight series, with its final episode aired on 17 February 2012.[1] The show's premise is on a group of con artists who specialise in "long cons" - extended forms of deceptive frauds that require greater commitment, but offer higher rewards than simple confidence tricks. The show most notable qualities is on plots that involve behind-the-scenes action that the viewers are unaware of until near the end of an episode, as well as fantasy scenes and occasional breaches of the fourth wall by the main actors.

title: Jimmy Howes

text: As one of the first radio DJs to air live listener calls, he created the "Call-in Rock & Roll Radio Show" format with his close, long-time radio friend Bud Williamson. Their format has been copied by hundreds of radio stations across the United States and is now the normal programming format for most morning show formats in dozens of Major Markets. Bud and Howes both credit Dr. John "Al Sniffen" as their inspiration to explore taking live listener calls, on the air during a music based format show. Howes has also voiced hundreds of national commercials.

title: Ear Hustle

text: Multiple reviewers noted how funny the show can be, despite often dealing with serious topics, and how uncommon it is to find humor in media taking place in real life prison settings. "Vulture" Nicholas Quah noted a particular story a prisoner told about a frog in episode three: "a moment of levity in a setting often described in the worst of terms, a productive kind of conversation between the specificities of a person and the overpowering context of his incarceration. That, in a nutshell, is the juxtaposition that defines "Ear Hustle"." Quah contrasts standard prison narratives told entirely from an outsider's point of view with the interplay of insider and outsider perspectives provided by the hosts of "Ear Hustle", with stories primarily told through Woods' and Williams' words and perspectives, and Poor in an active role adding "key narrative housekeeping".

title: Mitchelle'l

text: In late 2007, Sium capitalized upon the promotional capacity of the internet and used Myspace as a platform to expand the reach of his music. He captured the attention of Hannah Kang, General Manager for Atlanta-based record label Grand Hustle Records and was introduced to American rapper and Grand Hustle label-boss, T.I. In 2008, Sium had signed a recording contract with Grand Hustle Records. In 2008, Sium was featured on a song titled “Collect Call”, which was included as a bonus track on T.I.’s highly acclaimed sixth album, "Paper Trail". He teamed up with T.I. again in 2010, alongside Scarface, on the song “How Life Changed”, from the "No Mercy" album. On September 23, 2011, he released a song titled "Only a Few". In 2011, he appeared on Jeezy’s long-awaited "" album, on a song called “Higher Learning.” His debut single “Irene” features Maybach Music’s Wale, production by Grand Hustle record producer C-Gutta and co-written by actor Omar Epps.

title: Hustle (TV series)

text: Series 4 marked a departure from the usual airing of the series. Typically, the BBC would air the episode in the UK and then 6 to 9 months later they would air in the US on AMC. However, due to the additional funding that AMC provided for the production, Series 4 debuted in the US on 18 April 2007, prior to airing in the UK. As a result of AMC's increased involvement, the first and final episodes of series 4 were filmed on location in Los Angeles and Las Vegas. The series has also been shown in other countries such as New Zealand, Australia (both on ABC1 and Foxtel's UKTV), Germany on RTL Crime, Japan, Sweden on SVT, Italy on La7 and Finland on MTV3. Series two has also aired in the MENA region on Dubai One, an English language channel. Virgin Media TV bought the rights to broadcast Hustle on its flagship channel Virgin 1. It’s now repeated on the Sony Crime Channel.

title: Hustle Kings

text: "Hustle Kings" allows the user to play their external music from the PlayStation 3 hard drive during gameplay. It also utilises the PlayStation 3's implementation of the YouTube API, allowing users to record video of their gameplay and upload it to the video-sharing website from within the game. "Hustle Kings" has also been confirmed to support PlayStation Move as an input method. On 11 August 2014, it was announced that "Hustle Kings" will be coming to the PlayStation 4 in the form of a free-to-play release. On 18 March 2015, "Hustle Kings" released for the PlayStation 4 in Europe and in North America on 9 June 2015. A port of "Hustle Kings" titled 'Hustle Kings VR' was released with the PlayStation VR headset for the PlayStation 4 on October 13.

title: How Long Has This Been Going On? (Sarah Vaughan album)

text: How Long Has This Been Going On? is a 1978 studio album by Sarah Vaughan accompanied by a quartet led by Oscar Peterson.

title: Hustle, Virginia

text: A post office called Hustle has been in operation since 1909. The community was so named by a pickle vendor whose customers would "hustle" in to buy his product.

title: Real Hustle

text: Real Hustle is an American television program that aired on truTV in 2008. The show demonstrates confidence tricks and other scams performed on members of the public. The show was cancelled after 1 season

title: List of T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle episodes

text: "" is an American reality television series that airs on VH1 and premiered on December 5, 2011. , 100 episodes of "T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle" have aired.

title: Jessica-Jane Clement

text: Since 2006, Clement has starred in the BBC TV series "The Real Hustle", a spin-off of the BBC drama series "Hustle". Along with Alex Conran and Paul Wilson she demonstrates confidence and magic tricks, distraction scams and proposition bets on members of the public, to show viewers how to avoid being fooled by them. As of 2012, Clement has starred in all 106 episodes of all eleven series. She has also starred in all of the one-off specials: "The 12 Scams Of Christmas", "Winter Special", "Worlds' Greatest Bar Bets", "Best Ever Cons", "Don't Miss A Trick" and "The Real Hustle Around the World".

title: Jimmy Howes

text: Howes was awarded a Gold Record from the RIAA for his work as an on-air radio personality, programmer and morning show host. He was recognized as America's Morning Show Host of the Year. As a member of the WGHT on-air staff, WGHT has received Marconi Award honors. Howes's morning show with Greta Latona on WGHT has won awards from the Garden State Journalist Association, for Talk Radio and News, in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. Howes's news department, at WGHT Radio, has received New York Air Award Honors and AP News Broadcast Awards and dozens of Garden State Journalist Awards during Howes's time as WGHT's Program Director. WGHT has also been nominated for 13 Crystal Radio Awards from the NAB during his tenure at WGHT. Howes has also received personal awards from the Garden State Journalist Association for his excellence in On-Air Interviews with famous recording artists and also for his morning show listener "call in contests" along with his morning show Co-Host Greta Latona.

title: Hustle (company)

text: As of 2016, over 10 million text messages have been sent over Hustle, and the largest volume of messages on a single day is 700 thousand. As of 2017, Hustle has initiated more than 38 million conversations with more than 25 million people. In the company's spread into higher education, 30 schools have used Hustle for fundraising.

title: How Long Is Forever?

text: How Long Is Forever?, also translated as How Far Is Forever? and How Long Will Eternity Last?, is a 1999 Chinese novella by Tie Ning. Set in Beijing, the novella follows a sincere and altruistic-to-a-fault girl named Bai Daxing who never changes: forever like a meek child, she always gives in to others' demands even as she gets used and dumped over and over again. Through the static Bai Daxing, Tie Ning also explores the changing values in Beijing from the 1970s Cultural Revolution to the 1990s as China experiences rapid economic growth and urbanization.The novella has also been translated to other languages, such as Thai (as ตลอดกาลน่ะนานแค่ไหน, by Sirindhorn) and Turkish (as "Sonsuz Ne Kadar Uzun?", by Nuri Razi)."How Long Is Forever?" has been adapted into a 2001 Chinese TV drama series directed by Chen Weiming, starring Xu Fan as Bai Daxing.

title: The Real Hustle

text: The show began as a spin-off of the BBC show "Hustle", owing to the original show's popularity. However, the series is now considered completely separate and the relationship between the shows is rarely mentioned. "The Real Hustle" is a factual entertainment series produced by Objective Productions for BBC Three. It features a team of hustlers—Alexis Conran, Paul Wilson and Jessica-Jane Clement—as they try out some notorious scams on members of the public, filmed with hidden cameras. The aim is to reveal how scams work so that the viewer can avoid being ripped off. The participants featured in "The Real Hustle" are claimed to have been either set up by their family and friends or believe that they are participating in another television programme. After they have been "hustled for real", any money or property taken during the hustle is returned to them and their consent for the item to be broadcast is obtained.In Series 8, for the first time in the show's history, a mark was not fooled by the initial scam. The scam was not pulled by the usual hustlers, but by model Caprice Bourret in a section that features celebrities performing the scams. The scam was to switch genuine twenty-pound notes with fake ones, and then exchange those fake ones for genuine tens with a shop assistant. When Caprice asked for tens and fives, the shop assistant spotted the partly hidden genuine twenties and recognized that the others were fake, so she refused to exchange them. Presenter Jess, who was nearby should anything go wrong, rushed out of the shop to alert Alex and Paul, who quickly came into the shop and confiscated the money by pretending to be police officers.

title: How Long, How Long Blues

text: "How Long, How Long Blues" (also known as "How Long Blues" or "How Long How Long") is a blues song recorded by the American blues duo Leroy Carr and Scrapper Blackwell in 1928. The song became "an instant best-seller" and one of the first blues standards, inspiring many blues songs of the era. It has been recorded by many artists, not only in blues but also country and western, pop, and jazz.

title: Hustle (dance)

text: The hustle is a catchall name for some disco dances which were extremely popular in the 1970s. Today it mostly refers to the unique partner dance done in ballrooms and nightclubs to disco music. It has some features in common with mambo, salsa and swing dance. Its basic steps are somewhat similar to the discofox, which emerged at about the same time and is more familiar in various European countries. In the 1970s there was also a line dance called "the hustle". Modern partner hustle is sometimes referred to as New York hustle, however, its original name is the Latin hustle. People still do this dance around the world today.

title: How Long Has This Been Going On?

text: "How Long Has This Been Going On?" is a song composed by George Gershwin, with lyrics by Ira Gershwin for the musical "Funny Face" in 1928.

title: How Long, How Long Blues

text: "How Long, How Long Blues" was Carr and Scrapwell's biggest hit. They subsequently recorded six more versions of the song (two of them, unissued at the time), as "How Long, How Long Blues, Part 2", "Part 3", "How Long Has That Evening Train Been Gone", "New How Long, How Long Blues", etc. There are considerable variations in the lyrics, many of which have since fallen out of use in modern performances. Most versions begin with the lyric "How long, how long, has that evening train been gone?"

title: How Long (Charlie Puth song)

text: Puth teased the song in September 2017 on social media. He tweeted two photos in a row, which were captioned "how" and "long" respectively. In October 2017, he posted photos and video clips with the captions, "has", "this", "been" and "going". On October 4, 2017, he posted a video of the voice note recording behind the song with the caption "on", eventually spelling out "how long has this been going on" altogether, as one of the lines in the song's lyrics.

title: Operational availability

text: Operational availability in systems engineering is a measurement of how long a system has been available to use when compared with how long it should have been available to be used.

title: Hustle King Memorial Six Man Tag Team Tournament

text: The Hustle King (Shinya Hashimoto) Memorial Six Man Tag Team Tournament was a professional wrestling memorial event produced by the HUSTLE () promotion, which took place from July 9 to July 11, 2006 at the Pacifico Yokohama Kokuritsu Hall in Kanagawa (July 9) and Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan (July 11). The first show, featuring the opening rounds and semi-final bouts, was attended by an estimated 4,420 fans and was aired on pay per view as part of "Hustle Vol. 18 – Hustle King Forever". It was held in memory of Shinya Hashimoto, who competed as Hustle King. Hashimoto died after suffering a brain aneurysm in Tokyo, Japan on July 11, 2005. It was the first Hashimoto memorial show held in Japan followed by the Shinya Hashimoto Legacy Memorial Cup Tournament in 2009. Ten professional wrestling matches were featured on the event's card, five of which were tournament matches.

title: How Long Has This Been Going On (disambiguation)

text: "How Long Has This Been Going On?" is a 1927 song by George and Ira Gershwin.

title: What Up, What's Haapnin'

text: The Music Video has a cameo appearance near the end of a relatively unknown Meek Mill who had just signed with Grand Hustle. Meek Mill is seen with long hair, a style he dropped prior to his breakout success. Meek Mill was later dropped by Grand Hustle as an artist and signed with MMG which is led by Rick Ross. Lil Duval also appeared in the video.

title: Hustle (dance)

text: In 1975 music business entrepreneur, Marty Angelo created the first all hustle dance television show entitled, "Disco Step-by-Step". Each one-hour show featured top hustle dancers and two 10-minute instructional segments that allowed viewers to learn how to hustle dance in the privacy of their own living rooms. One of the first shows featured a young Billy Fajardo and the Disco Dance Dimensions. Many of the show's video clips can be found on YouTube. Marty Angelo also created the Hustle Hall of Fame online list of dancers in 2000 that he eventually turned over to Ron Bess and Mark James.

text: How Long Has This Been Going On may also refer to:

title: Jimmy Wetch

text: However, Wetch's love for gambling and for pool did not translate into a love of the hustle. He did it because it was the only way he knew how to make money doing what he loved, but he never liked "the , the moving, the mismatches, the phony names.""I never felt good about the hustling. No matter how much money I made at it, I knew I didn't want to keep doing it. Frankly, when no one knows how you play, it's like putting a gun to someone's head. It wasn't a matter of whether you were going to win, but how much you were going to win, Early on, you make money everywhere you go. Then it all disappears."  – Wetch, in "Billiards Digest" (1999)

title: The Tunnel under the World

text: That evening, Burckhardt discovers that his cellar has seemingly been dismantled and "rebuilt", in a way he does not recognize. The next morning is June 15 again. He mentions this when Swanson again tries to speak to him. Swanson hustles him away to the empty halls of the chemical plant. Hiding in a room at the end of a long tunnel, he explains his theory that they have all been tampered with and that an invader has taken over the town for unknown reasons.

title: Crater counting

text: Crater counting is a method for estimating the age of a planet's surface. The method is based upon the assumptions that when a piece of planetary surface is new, then it has no impact craters; impact craters accumulate after that at a rate that is assumed known. Consequently, counting how many craters of various sizes there are in a given area allows determining how long they have accumulated and, consequently, how long ago the surface has formed. The method has been calibrated using the ages obtained by radiometric dating of samples returned from the Moon by the Luna and Apollo missions. It has been used to estimate the age of areas on Mars and other planets that were covered by lava flows, on the Moon of areas covered by giant mares, and how long ago areas on the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn flooded with new ice.

title: T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle

text: T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle is an American reality television series that aired on VH1 and premiered on December 5, 2011. The series concluded on May 29, 2017.

title: Hustle!!! (Dead on It)

text: "Hustle!!! (Dead on It)" is a song written and recorded by James Brown. Released as a single in 1975, the song charted #11 R&B. "Hustle" was the lead track on his album "Everybody's Doin' the Hustle & Dead on the Double Bump". The song's title refers to the popular dance the Hustle. It’s been reported that the melody is from a previously released song by another artist .


query: Will therapy help Tourettes?

title: Treatment of Tourette syndrome

text: Habit reversal training (HRT), massed negative practice, biofeedback, relaxation, hypnosis and other behavioral approaches are proposed as alternative treatments of tics, but few have been well assessed.[19] Relaxation techniques, such as exercise, yoga or meditation, may be useful in relieving stress that may aggravate tics, but the majority of behavioral interventions (such as relaxation training and biofeedback, with the exception of habit reversal) have not been systematically evaluated and are not proven therapies for Tourette's.[20]

title: Treatment of Tourette syndrome

text: Complementary and alternative medicine approaches, such as dietary modification, allergy testing and allergen control, and neurofeedback, have popular appeal, but no role has been proven for any of these in the treatment of Tourette syndrome.[5][24] While a balanced diet may aid in overall health, and avoidance of caffeine may help minimize tics for some children,[25] no particular diet or alternative therapy (vitamin or diet) is supported by scientific evidence.[25][19] Regular exercise can help reduce stress and improve a child's sense of accomplishment and self-esteem, but the effect of exercise on symptoms remains unstudied.[25]

title: Tourette syndrome

text:
There is no cure for Tourette's and no medication that works universally for all individuals without significant adverse effects. Knowledge, education and understanding are uppermost in management plans for tic disorders. The management of the symptoms of Tourette's may include pharmacological, behavioral and psychological therapies. While pharmacological intervention is reserved for more severe symptoms, other treatments (such as supportive psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy) may help to avoid or ameliorate depression and social isolation, and to improve family support. Educating a patient, family, and surrounding community (such as friends, school, and church) is a key treatment strategy, and may be all that is required in mild cases.
Medication is available to help when symptoms interfere with functioning. The classes of medication with the most proven efficacy in treating tics—typical and atypical neuroleptics including risperidone (trade name Risperdal), ziprasidone (Geodon), haloperidol (Haldol), pimozide (Orap) and fluphenazine (Prolixin)—can have long-term and short-term adverse effects. The antihypertensive agents clonidine (trade name Catapres) and guanfacine (Tenex) are also used to treat tics; studies show variable efficacy, but a lower side effect profile than the neuroleptics. Stimulants and other medications may be useful in treating ADHD when it co-occurs with tic disorders. Drugs from several other classes of medications can be used when stimulant trials fail, including guanfacine (trade name Tenex), atomoxetine (Strattera) and tricyclic antidepressants. Clomipramine (Anafranil), a tricyclic, and SSRIs—a class of antidepressants including fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), and fluvoxamine (Luvox)—may be prescribed when a Tourette's patient also has symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder. Several other medications have been tried, but evidence to support their use is unconvincing.

title: Tourette Syndrome Foundation of Canada

text: Tourette Canada (formerly Tourette Syndrome Foundation of Canada) is a Canadian voluntary organization based in Mississauga, Ontario. It was formed in 1976, and is dedicated to improving the quality of life for those with or affected by Tourette Syndrome through programs of education, advocacy, self-help and support. It has affiliates in eight Canadian provinces.

title: Tourette syndrome

text: Relaxation techniques, such as exercise, yoga or meditation, may be useful in relieving the stress that may aggravate tics, but the majority of behavioral interventions (such as relaxation training and biofeedback, with the exception of habit reversal) have not been systematically evaluated and are not empirically supported therapies for Tourette's. Deep brain stimulation has been used to treat adults with severe Tourette's that does not respond to conventional treatment, but it is regarded as an invasive, experimental procedure that is unlikely to become widespread.

title: Erotomania

text: Prognosis differs from person to person, and the ideal treatment is not completely understood. Treatment for this disorder gains the best results when tailored specifically for each individual. To date, the mainline pharmacological treatments have been pimozide (a typical antipsychotic which was also approved for treating Tourette's Syndrome), and atypical anti-psychotics like risperidone and clozapine. Non-pharmacologic treatments that have shown some degree of efficacy are electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), supportive psychotherapy, family and environment therapy, rehousing, risk management and treating underlying disorders in cases of secondary erotomania. ECT may provide temporary remission of delusional beliefs; anti-psychotics help attenuate delusions and reduce agitation or associated dangerous behaviors, and SSRIs may be used to treat secondary depression. In delusional disorder there is some evidence that pimozide has superior efficacy compared with other antipsychotics. Psychosocial psychiatric interventions can enhance the quality of life through allowing some social functioning, and treating comorbid disorders is a priority for secondary erotomania. Family therapy, adjustment of socio-environmental factors, and replacing delusions with something positive may be beneficial to all. In most cases, harsh confrontation should be avoided. Structured risk assessment helps to manage risky behaviors in those individuals more likely to engage in actions that include violence, stalking, and crime. For particularly troublesome cases, neuroleptics and enforced separation may be moderately effective.

title: History of Tourette syndrome

text: Tourette's is a heterogeneous condition, with waxing and waning symptoms. The inherently changing nature of its core symptoms complicates research design, resulting in questions about medications in clinical practice. Results from case studies may not be borne out by controlled or prospective, longitudinal studies, stimulants may be underused, and behavioral therapies are understudied. High-profile media coverage focuses on treatments that do not have established safety or efficacy e.g., deep brain stimulation, and alternative therapies involving unstudied efficacy and side effects are pursued by many parents.

title: Tourette syndrome

text: The treatment of Tourette's focuses on identifying and helping the individual manage the most troubling or impairing symptoms. Most cases of Tourette's are mild, and do not require pharmacological treatment; instead, psychobehavioral therapy, education, and reassurance may be sufficient. Treatments, where warranted, can be divided into those that target tics and comorbid conditions, which, when present, are often a larger source of impairment than the tics themselves. Not all people with tics have comorbid conditions, but when those conditions are present, they often take treatment priority.

title: Tourette syndrome

text: Although not all people with Tourette's have comorbid conditions, most Tourette's patients presenting for clinical care at specialty referral centers may exhibit symptoms of other conditions along with their motor and phonic tics. Associated conditions include attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADD or ADHD), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), learning disabilities and sleep disorders. Disruptive behaviors, impaired functioning, or cognitive impairment in patients with comorbid Tourette's and ADHD may be accounted for by the comorbid ADHD, highlighting the importance of identifying and treating comorbid conditions. Disruption from tics is commonly overshadowed by comorbid conditions that present greater interference to the child. Tic disorders in the absence of ADHD do not appear to be associated with disruptive behavior or functional impairment, while impairment in school, family, or peer relations is greater in patients who have more comorbid conditions and often determines whether therapy is needed.

title: Tourettes: I Swear I Can't Help It

text: Tourettes: I Swear I Can't Help It is a "QED" documentary made by the BBC in 2009.

title: Tourettes Action

text: Tourettes Action's services include a Helpline, information packs, conferences and workshops, support groups, camps for teenagers, help finding specialists, networks among professionals, ID cards for people with a diagnosis of TS, free monthly email newsletters and an online forum.

text: I Have Tourette's but Tourette's Doesn't Have Me is a 2005 documentary film featuring children between the ages of six and thirteen with Tourette syndrome. The film examines the lives of more than a dozen children who have Tourette's, and explores the challenges they face.

title: History of Tourette syndrome

text: Findings reported in published studies of Tourette syndrome since 1999 have advanced TS science in the areas of genetics, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and neuropathology. The TAA supports a clinical database that may help identify genes involved in Tourette syndrome, and the TSA International Genetic Consortium has collected a database on large extended families for future studies. Novel neuroimaging studies are being employed to study tic expression and functional or cognitive deficits in TS patients. Studies of Tourette's neurophysiology and neuropathology are attempting to link deficits in Tourette's to specific brain mechanisms, and have taken advantage of a brain bank sponsored by the TSA. Clinical trials have focused on understanding tic suppression, comorbid conditions, novel treatment approaches such as botulinum toxin, and targeted behavioral therapies. Controversy remains in the areas of deep brain stimulation and PANDAS.

title: Causes and origins of Tourette syndrome

text:
Causes and origins of tinnys Tourette syndrome have not been fully elucidated. Tourette syndrome (also called "Tourette's syndrome", "Tourette's disorder", "Gilles de la Tourette syndrome", "GTS" or "TS") is an inherited neurological disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one phonic tic, which characteristically wax and wane. Tourette's syndrome occurs along a spectrum of tic disorders, which includes transient tics and chronic tics.
The exact cause of Tourette's is unknown, but it is well established that both genetic and environmental factors are involved. The overwhelming majority of cases of Tourette's are inherited, although the exact mode of inheritance is not yet known, and no gene has been identified. Tics are believed to result from dysfunction in the thalamus, basal ganglia, and frontal cortex of the brain, involving abnormal activity of the brain chemical, or neurotransmitter, dopamine. In addition to dopamine, multiple neurotransmitters, like serotonin, GABA, glutamate, and histamine (H3-receptor), are involved.

title: Societal and cultural aspects of Tourette syndrome

text: Other television and film productions depicting persons with TS, or using coprolalia as a plot device, include an episode of "Ally McBeal", in which Anne Heche portrays a woman with Tourette's whose leg tic causes her to run over and kill her boyfriend; "An Angel on my Tree", an episode of "Touched by an Angel" in which a father commits manslaughter in reaction to an event that involved his son who had Tourette's; an episode of "The Simpsons", in which Bart Simpson is mentioned to claimed to have Tourette's to excuse himself from a test; and an episode of "South Park", "Le Petit Tourette", in which Eric Cartman pretends to have Tourette's to get away with saying offensive things. The episode received a mixed reaction from the Tourette Syndrome Association, which commented that it provided useful information while at the same time perpetuating outright myths about coprolalia and Tourette syndrome.

title: Tourette syndrome

text: Findings since 1999 have advanced TS science in the areas of genetics, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and neuropathology. Questions remain regarding how best to classify Tourette syndrome, and how closely Tourette's is related to other movement disorders or psychiatric disorders. Good epidemiologic data is still lacking, and available treatments are not risk free and not always well tolerated. High-profile media coverage focuses on treatments that do not have established safety or efficacy, such as deep brain stimulation, and alternative therapies involving unstudied efficacy and side effects are pursued by many parents.

title: Pete Bennett

text: The show was accused by some of exploiting Bennett's Tourette's syndrome. The Tourette Syndrome Association (TSA) initially expressed concern that others with the condition would be mocked, though they later softened their stance, a TSA spokesperson said: "What it has done is put Tourette's on the map". A Channel 4 spokesperson said "Pete's attitude to his condition is a really positive one and that's helped to educate and inspire people [...] "He's a very positive role model and he's been a great housemate."

title: Treatment of Tourette syndrome

text: Administration of nicotine via transdermal patches was found beneficial,[26] in preliminary case studies, but these effects were not reproduced in well-controlled trials several years later.[5] Studies of nicotine derivatives (mecamylamine, inversine) also showed that they were not effective as a single therapy for the symptoms of Tourette's.[27] Two small, controlled studies have found that capsules of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive ingredient of cannabis, helped reduce tics. More research is needed to confirm this low-quality evidence for the effects of THC.[28]

title: Tourette syndrome

text: The exact cause of Tourette's is unknown, but it is well established that both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Genetic epidemiology studies have shown that the overwhelming majority of cases of Tourette's are inherited, although the exact mode of inheritance is not yet known and no gene has been identified. In other cases, tics are associated with disorders other than Tourette's, a phenomenon known as "tourettism".

title: History of Tourette syndrome

text: In 2015, the Tourette Syndrome Association changed its name to the Tourette Association of America. As of 2006, the Tourette Syndrome Association had contacts in more than 50 countries. The Tourette syndrome International database Consortium (TIC) brought together data on clinical samples of patients with Tourette syndrome from twenty-two countries (Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Norway, People's Republic of China, Poland, South Africa, Sweden, Turkey, the US and the UK); Tourette's has also been studied in Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Korea, and Spain.

text: Children with Tourette's Syndrome discuss the challenges of living with Tourette's, a misunderstood and often stigmatizing condition. They demonstrate some of their tics, and talk about their lives with tics including embarrassing and isolating situations at school and among friends. Professionals and experts offer further information about Tourette's on the DVD.

title: History of Tourette syndrome

text: The Shapiros, working with the patient families who founded in 1972 the Tourette Syndrome Association (TSA, renamed to Tourette Association of America in 2015), advanced the argument that Tourette's is a neurological, rather than psychological, disorder, and worked to persuade the media to promote information about Tourette's. Although the original case reports of TS were by French neurologists, the "focus moved to New York in the 1970s" and "the centre for the most committed progress in TS continued to be the USA, facilitated by the success of the Tourette Syndrome Association".

title: Treatment of Tourette syndrome

text: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a useful treatment when OCD is present.[23]

text: Several documentaries have attempted to portray Tourette's syndrome accurately and to advocate for greater understanding of persons with Tourette's, while others focus on sensationalizing coprolalia. The Emmy Award-winning television documentary film "I Have Tourette's but Tourette's Doesn't Have Me" was produced by HBO in conjunction with the Tourette Syndrome Association, featuring children between the ages of six and 13. It was described by the "Cincinnati Enquirer" as "the best simple overview yet of Tourette's". "John's Not Mad" (1989) and "The Boy Can't Help It" (2000) are documentaries about a young man from Scotland, who has severe Tourette's and coprolalia. "Twitch and Shout" examines a society that is quick to judge a person who strays outside the limits of conventional behavior and was nominated for an Emmy. A 2007 British documentary, "Tourette De France", followed a group of teenagers with Tourette's on a trip to Paris; many of the teenagers featured in the program had coprolalia. "Movements and Madness: Gusti Ayu" is a documentary about the struggles of a young woman with severe Tourette's in a small village in Indonesia. A 2011 BBC documentary, "Tourettes: I Swear I Can Sing", followed aspiring musician Ruth Ojadi as she explains her experience of TS and her struggle to find self-confidence in her singing.

title: Tourettism

text: Tourettism refers to the presence of Tourette-like symptoms in the absence of Tourette syndrome, as the result of other diseases or conditions, known as "secondary causes".

text: Television shows that are credited with helping to advance accurate information about TS include "Quincy, M.E.", "The Practice" and "7th Heaven". A March 1981 episode of "Quincy" was devoted to Tourette's and orphan drugs; it "not only educated the American public about Tourette's as an organic disorder, but also helped get the then stalled 'Orphan Drug Bill' passed ... into legislation".

title: Georges Gilles de la Tourette

text: During 1873 Tourette began medical studies at Poitiers. He later relocated to Paris where he became a student, amanuensis, and house physician of his mentor, the influential contemporary neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot, director of the Salpêtrière Hospital. Charcot also helped him to advance in his academic career. Tourette studied and lectured in psychotherapy, hysteria and medical and legal ramifications of mesmerism (modern-day hypnosis).

text: There are many individuals with Tourette's, living and deceased, recognized in their fields, or for whom obsessive-compulsive tendencies associated with Tourette's may have helped fuel their success.

title: Tourettes Action

text: According to their website, Tourettes Action's goal is to help individuals with TS receive the practical support and social acceptance they need to help them live their lives to the fullest. It also funds research into treatment and diagnosis of TS.

title: Treatment of Tourette syndrome

text: There is no cure for Tourette's and no medication which works universally for all individuals without significant adverse effects;[3] knowledge and understanding are the best treatments available for tics.[2][4] Management of the symptoms of Tourette's may include pharmacological, behavioral and psychological therapies. While pharmacological treatment is reserved for more severe symptoms, other types of treatments may help avoid or improve symptoms of depression or social isolation, and improve supportive family functioning. Educating the patient, family, and surrounding community (school, church, friends, etc.) is a key part of treatment.[1]


query: When was Chris Warner's character introduced on Shortland Street?

title: Chris Warner

text: Affectionately referred to by fans and the media as "Dr. Love", Chris made his first appearance in the show's first episode by having an affair with his aerobics instructor. This was an infamous and controversial scene. Portrayed as spoiled and from a wealthy family that inherited the hospital that was founded by his father, the character of Chris was characterised by his patronising and illicit manner; contrasted in a 1994 storyline where he became addicted to morphine. Known primarily for romance storyliness, Chris has been married five times and participated in over 20 romances as well as fathering six children. Chris was the first member of the Warner family to join the show and he was joined by half brother Guy Warner (Craig Parker). In later years, Chris became the patriarch of a family unit made up of his sons Harry (Reid Walker) and Phoenix (Geordie Holibar). Chris has been involved in several high profile and highly rated storylines; including a 1994 car crash, nearly getting murdered by his brother in law Dominic Thompson (Shane Cortese), losing his wife to his drug-addicted brother Guy, and ending up in jail after being framed for murder.

title: List of Shortland Street characters (2010)

text: Phoenix Raynor is the son of Chris Warner (Michael Galvin) and Alison Raynor (Danielle Cormack).

title: Chris Warner

text: The character of Chris is constantly noted as a backbone and "key character" of Shortland Street and his storylines have been well received. Galvin has also been praised for his portrayal of Chris. He was nominated for "Best Actor" at the Qantas TV and Film Awards 2008. Several of Chris' romances have also been praised, with both his marriage to Toni Thompson (Laura Hill) and his relationship with Rachel McKenna (Angela Bloomfield), landing the couplings the title of the show's, "Golden Couple".

title: Phoenix Raynor

text: Phoenix Raynor (also Warner) is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera "Shortland Street". He has been portrayed by Geordie Holibar since his debut in the show's first ever 90 minute episode in August 2010. The character was introduced as the unknown son of long-standing character Chris Warner (Michael Galvin) and ex-wife Alison Raynor (Danielle Cormack).

title: List of original Shortland Street characters

text: By late 1995, Michael Galvin (Chris Warner) was struggling with the amount of time he was spending playing Chris and decided to quit the show. He stated, "after four years on Shortland Street there was so much of me in Dr Warner I wasn’t sure where he ended and I began." Galvin departed alongside his onscreen brother Craig Parker (Guy Warner) in an episode written by Steven Zanoski in May 1996. Originally, the characters' departure was going to lead to the series' ultimate ending. However, the continued success led to further commissions and the show survived. Elizabeth McRae (Marj Brasch) had also begun to worry that audiences would not be able to recognize her in any other roles and she wished for diversity. She quit the role in 1995 with many months of notice for producers to write her out. Producers decided to write her out in a storyline where she became a politician. They saw this as a fun and unusual write out for a deserving fan favourite character. Marj made her last appearance as a regular character on 1 July 1996. Rene Naufahu (Sam Aleni) struggled with the fame associated with the show and in 1996, quit his role. He requested Sam be killed off however this never came to fruition and Sam made his final appearance in August 1996.

title: Shortland Street cliffhangers

text: Though there was no break this year as "Shortland Street" screened throughout the holidays, Alison Raynor discovers she is pregnant with ex fiancé Chris Warner's child, while Marj Neilson meets up with Jane, the daughter she gave up for adoption.

title: List of Shortland Street characters (1992)

text: Sir Bruce Warner was the arrogant father of Chris Warner (Michael Galvin). He was played by Ken Blackburn for numerous stints in the nineties.

title: Bruce Warner (Shortland Street)

text: Sir Bruce Warner is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street. He was portrayed by Ken Blackburn and was introduced as Chris Warner's (Michael Galvin) womanizing father.

text: Dr. Chris Warner was the playboy doctor who went by the nickname "Dr. Love". Chris was portrayed by Michael Galvin up until 1996. However the character returned 4 years later and remains presently, being the longest running character to appear on the show.

title: Warner Family (Shortland Street)

text: Nothing was heard of the Warners until 2000 when Chris returned to Shortland Street and made it a public hospital. He ended up in a relationship with Rachel McKenna (Angela Bloomfield), but a one-night stand with nurse - Toni Thompson (Laura Hill) resulted in the birth of Harry Thompson Warner(Joshua Thompson) on 9 May 2002.

title: Storylines of Shortland Street (1992)

text: Shortland Street is New Zealand's longest-running prime-time television soap opera, centring on the fictitious Shortland Street Hospital. It was first broadcast on Television New Zealand's TV2 in 1992. During its first year's run, plotlines included conflict over the practices of Dr Hone Ropata; a love affair between Dr Chris Warner and Nurse Alison Raynor; Nurse Jaki Manu's possible infection with HIV; Jenny Harrison's life as a single mother; the problematic behaviour of clinic owner Michael McKenna; and numerous sexual liaisons between the characters.

title: List of Shortland Street characters (2012)

text:
Boyd Rolleston is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera "Shortland Street" portrayed by Sam Bunkall. He made his first screen appearance on the episode broadcast on 13 September 2012.
Kylie Warner (previously Connelly also Brown) is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera "Shortland Street" portrayed by Kerry-Lee Dewing. She made her first screen appearance on the episode broadcast on 24 September 2012.

title: Warner Family (Shortland Street)

text: In 2013, Grace Kwan would return to Shortland Street, revealing to Chris she wished to have a daughter through artificial insemination. Chris would agree and the pair's daughter, Trinity Margot Kwan would be born in 2014, but not after causing strain on Chris and Rachel's relationship. Chris and Rachel would be married in 2014 and after a brief separation in 2015, they would reconcile. Rachel however would have a drug relapse in 2016 and would flee Ferndale in disgrace.

title: List of Shortland Street characters (2009)

text: Jeremy Tyler was an internet entrepreneur. When Rachel (Angela Bloomfield) returned in 2007, she bragged to Chris Warner (Michael Galvin) that the two were engaged but admitted that she did not love him. In 2009 when Chris noticed Rachel was having severe problems with her alcohol, he contacted Jeremy and brought him to Ferndale. Jeremy was keen to restart the marriage whilst Rachel was not and when Jeremy discovered Chris and Rachel had slept together whilst he was engaged to her, he physically attacked Chris. Jeremy later offered a reconciliation to Rachel but she declined and they decided to sell their house. In January 2014, Rachel travelled to Wellington to finalize her divorce with Jeremy.

title: List of Shortland Street characters (2013)

text:
Roman was the detective assigned to Roimata Samuels' (Shavaughn Ruakere) assault case. He later worked alongside Josh Gallagher (Chris Tempest) when drug dealers carried out a heist on the hospital. In early 2014 Ramon returned when he investigated the murder of Travis Corfrield (John Tui).
Dayna Kirkwood (also Jenkins) first appeared in March 2013, portrayed by Lucy Elliott. To mark the show's 21st anniversary, 4 new young characters were introduced, with Dayna debuting alongside Harper Whitley (Ria Vandervis), Dallas Adams (Cameron Jones) and returning character, Henry Lee (Peter Huang). Elliot is one of a number of second-generation "Shortland Street" actors; her father Peter played clinic CEO David Kearney in the late 1990s.

title: Bruce Warner (Shortland Street)

text: Ken Blackburn was cast in the sporadic role of Chris Warner's father Bruce. Blackburn struggled consistently throughout his stints with the writers for what he saw an unnecessary antagonism in the character of Bruce. He found Bruce unrealistically "abrasive" and hugely impolite. The character was eventually killed off following a stint of several episodes in 1995.

title: Shortland Street

text: With high public interest in the show and a viewing figure of a constant 600,000, "Shortland Street" received more sets and the nursing uniform which was considered outdated was redone. In 2000 an Australian consultant drastically changed the show so that it would suit the 21st century tone of New Zealand. This included transitioning the hospital to a public hospital, bringing in low income families and writing off 14 characters. Michael Galvin and Angela Bloomfield were brought back as their characters Chris Warner and Rachel McKenna and the show received a new producer.

title: Frank Warner (Shortland Street)

text: The character of Frank was introduced in 1993 during a plot in which "robo nurse" Carrie Burton (Lisa Crittenden) fell pregnant after receiving 3 different sperm donations from central characters. This was billed as a "whodunit" with nurse Steve Mills (Andrew Binns), Guy Warner (Craig Parker), Dr. Hone Ropata (Temuera Morrison) and Dr. Chris Warner (Michael Galvin) all potentially being the father. The character made his first appearance on 11 October 1993, when Carrie gave birth to him and his triplet siblings. The birth was used as a storyline to write off the character of Carrie, and she departed with her children on 11 November 1993. In 2015 producers decided to reintroduce the triplets 23 years after their disappearance. The first two triplets, Finn (Lukas Whiting) and Sass (Lucy Lovegrove) were introduced throughout 2016. Whilst casting for the role of Frank, Whiting recommended acting school friend, Luke Patrick to play his triplet brother. The two had often been referred to as brother's during their acting training by other students. Patrick's agent called him to offer an audition, and having been raised in Australia he jokingly thought, "Does New Zealand really have its own TV shows?" Patrick was cast two weeks later, as Frank in what was his first television role. His casting was leaked to the media but due to the confidential nature of the characters introduction, the role was left ambiguous. Frank returned to "Shortland Street" during the show's 2016 Christmas cliffhanger.

title: Harry Warner (Shortland Street)

text: Harry has been referred to as the, "most annoying character on the show." Walker himself admitted Harry was an annoying character, but stressed that he was not much like his part. Co-star Angela Bloomfield (Rachel McKenna) praised Walker for his acting during the 2011 illegal smacking storyline, "Reid did a fantastic job. He really pulled out all his menace to play that part." Harry was voted by fans as the runner up for character they would like to leave the show the most, in the "Ferndale Talk Best of 2013 Awards". Television reviewer Chris Philpot stated he hated advertising more than asset sales and Harry Warner combined. Matthew Denton of the "University of Auckland" student magazine, Craccum, named Harry the most annoying character on "Shortland Street", citing that the "spoilt whiney kid has been around for ages, causing grief for everyone" and expressed annoyance that Chris had saved his life in 2013.

title: Shortland Street cliffhangers

text: Sofia met a stranger who introduced himself as the new head of the hospital - Chris Warner.

text: Jill Johnstone was the fitness trainer who had a brief affair with Chris Warner (Michael Galvin). It soon turned out Jill was married and the affair broke up Chris' relationship with Alison (Danielle Cormack).

text: Guy Warner was the guidance councilor brother of Chris Warner (Michael Galvin). Craig Parker played him in a guest stint in 1992 before returning as a regular from 1993 to 1996. He appeared again in 2007.

title: Michael Galvin

text:
In 1992 Galvin, a theatre actor at the time, auditioned for a role as Chris Warner in the upcoming Television New Zealand soap opera, "Shortland Street" alongside his flatmate Marton Csokas. Galvin won the role, with Csokas later going on to play Leonard Dodds. Galvin predicted the show would only last 12 months.
Galvin portrayed Chris for four years, with the character picking up the nickname "Dr. Love" for the numerous love affairs he participated in. Galvin soon grew sick of portraying Chris, being quoted as saying "after four years on Shortland Street there was so much of me in Dr Warner I wasn't sure where he ended and I began." He quit and went travelling to seek further job opportunities.

title: Frank Warner (Shortland Street)

text: Frank Warner (previously Burton and Connelly) is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera "Shortland Street". Born on-screen, Frank was originally played by an uncredited baby actor in 1993 before Luke Patrick took over the role in 2016.

title: List of Shortland Street characters (1993)

text: Amanda Warner was the disabled twin sister of Chris Warner (Michael Galvin). The Warner's had grown up believing Amanda had died at birth however Guy (Craig Parker) discovered in 1993 that Bruce Warner (Ken Blackburn) had covered up her birth in fear of the shame she would bring to the family. Chris initially struggled to accept his sister but within weeks, found her a place at the hospital to stay. However it was clear she needed full-time nursing and was sent overseas.

title: Chris Warner

text: Christopher Alexander1"Chris" Warner[1] is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street who has been portrayed by Michael Galvin since the show's first episode, making him the longest running original character. Galvin quit the show in 1996, but returned to the show four years later when the show underwent a revamp.

text: Margot, Lady Warner (née Worthington) was the alcoholic mother of Chris Warner (Michael Galvin). She was portrayed by Glynis McNicoll throughout the nineties and by Dinah Priestley for her death in 2003.

title: Shortland Street cliffhangers

text: Chris Warner begins his ill-fated affair with Justine Jones when they share a passionate kiss.

title: Warner Family (Shortland Street)

text: The Warner Family is a fictional family in the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street. They have appeared in the show from 1992 to 1996, and since 2000. The most well known member of this family is Dr. Chris Warner, and he is one of the longest-running characters on the show.

title: Harry Warner (Shortland Street)

text: Harry Warner (previously Thompson-Warner) is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera "Shortland Street" who first appeared onscreen in May 2002. Being born on screen during the shows 10th anniversary, Harry has been portrayed by several child actors and by Reid Walker since 2009. In May 2017 Harry left for an exchange program in Japan.

title: Storylines of Shortland Street (1992)

text: The romance of Dr. Chris Warner (Michael Galvin) and Nurse Alison Raynor (Danielle Cormack) was the first of many love stories that have been featured in Shortland Street over the years. Alison was an innocent country girl from Te Kuiti, Chris on the other hand, was a ladies' man and had garnered the nickname 'Dr Love' by fellow staff members. Chris had also been born with a silver spoon in his mouth, his father was Sir Bruce Warner (Ken Blackburn), a well-respected doctor who had been knighted for his services to medicine. The romance between Chris and Alison quickly hit trouble Nurse Steve Mills (Andrew Binns) caught Chris engaged in a steamy romp with gym instructor Jill(Suzy Aiken).


query: Are Asian black bears endangered?

title: Asian black bear

text: Five black bear populations, occurring in Kyushu, Shikoku, West-Chugoku, East-Chugoku and Kii areas, were listed as endangered by the Environmental Agency in the Japanese Red Data Book in 1991. Small isolated populations in the Tanzawa and Shimokita areas of mainland Honshū were listed as endangered in 1995. Beyond recognising these populations as endangered, there is still a lack of efficient conservation methods for Japanese black bears.[15]

title: Geography of Iran

text: As of 2001, 20 of Iran's mammal species and 14 bird species are endangered. Among them are the Baluchistan bear (Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus), a subspecies of Asian black bear, Persian fallow deer, Siberian crane, hawksbill turtle, green turtle, Oxus cobra, Latifi's viper, dugong and dolphins. The Asiatic cheetah is a critically endangered species which is extinct elsewhere and now can only be found in central to northeastern parts of Iran.

title: Asian black bear

text: As of January 30, 1989, Taiwan's Formosan black bears have been listed as an endangered species under the Natural and Cultural Heritage Act on, and was later listed as a Conserved Species Category I.[15]

title: Ursid hybrid

text: A recent study found genetic evidence of multiple instances and species combinations where genetic material has passed the species boundary in bears (a process called introgression by geneticists). Specifically, species with evidence of past intermingling were (1) brown bear and American black bear, (2) brown bear and polar bear, (3) American black bear and Asian black bear, (4) bears currently distributed in Asia (sloth bear, sun bear and Asian black bear). Overall, this study shows that evolution in the bear family (Ursidae) has not been strictly bifurcating, but instead showed complex evolutionary relationships.

title: Himalayas

text: At high altitudes, the elusive and previously endangered snow leopard is the main predator. Its prey includes members of the goat family grazing on the alpine pastures and living on the rocky terrain, notably the endemic bharal or Himalayan blue sheep. The Himalayan musk deer is also found at high altitude. Hunted for its musk, it is now rare and endangered. Other endemic or near endemic herbivores include the Himalayan tahr, the takin, the Himalayan serow, and the Himalayan goral. The critically endangered Himalayan subspecies of the brown bear is found sporadically across the range as is the Asian black bear. In the mountainous mixed deciduous and conifer forests of the eastern Himalayas, Red panda feed in the dense understories of bamboo. Lower down the forests of the foothills are inhabited by several different primates, including the endangered Gee's golden langur and the Kashmir gray langur, with highly restricted ranges in the east and west of the Himalayas respectively.

title: Sangu Matamuhari

text: The wildlife sanctuary was once covered with luxuriant multi-storied evergreen forest. The Asian elephant herds used to roam in and around the sanctuary. However, due to settlement of refuge, the vegetation of these areas diminished and became uninhabitable for elephants, which now can be seen in Sangu Mouza only. Asian black bear is the most common bear species in the area but still low numbered. Second bear species of the area is Sun bear Other large mammal sambar deer are also been reported here but in lower numbers. Just recent camera trap project captured some clouded leopard photos. Endangered species great hornbill are still seen flying in the sanctuary. There are some spotted owlet as well.

title: Brown bear

text: Brown bears usually dominate other bear species in areas where they coexist. Due to their smaller size, American black bears are at a competitive disadvantage to brown bears in open, unforested areas. Although displacement of American black bears by brown bears has been documented, actual interspecific killing of American black bears by brown bears has only occasionally been reported. Confrontation is mostly avoided due to the American black bear's diurnal habits and preference for heavily forested areas, as opposed to the brown bear's largely nocturnal habits and preference for open spaces. Where they do not live in close proximity to grizzly bears, and especially where found near human habitations, American black bears may become, to a larger extent, nocturnal. Brown bears may also kill Asian black bears, though the latter species probably largely avoids conflicts with the brown bear due to similar habits and habitat preferences to the American black species. Brown bears will eat the fruit dropped from trees by the Asian black bear, as they themselves are too large and cumbersome to climb. Improbably, in the Himalayas, brown bears are reportedly intimidated by Asian black bears in confrontations. However, the Himalayan black bears are reportedly more aggressive towards humans than the Himalayan brown bear, and the latter is one of the smaller types of brown bear, though still somewhat larger than the Asian black bear. In Siberia, the opposite is true, and Asian black bears are not known to attack people, but brown bears are. Both species of black bear seem to be most vulnerable to predatory attacks by brown bears when the latter species leaves hibernation sooner in early spring and ambushes the smaller ursids in their dens.

title: Asian black bear

text: Although black bears have been afforded protection in Russia since 1983, illegal poaching, fuelled by a growing demand for bear parts in the Asian market, is still a major threat to the Russian population. Many workers of Chinese and Korean origin, supposedly employed in the timber industry, are actually involved in the illegal trade. Some Russian sailors reportedly purchase bear parts from local hunters to sell them to Japanese and Southeast Asian clients. Russia's rapidly growing timber industry has been a serious threat to the Asiatic black bear's home range for three decades. The cutting of trees containing cavities deprives black bears of their main source of dens, and forces them to den on the ground or in rocks, thus making them more vulnerable to tigers, brown bears and hunters.[15]

title: Louisiana black bear

text: While the IUCN classifies the conservation situation of the black bear as a species as Least Concern, the Louisiana black bear as a subspecies was listed as 'threatened' under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 1992. Under this ruling, all bears within the historic range of the Louisiana black bear, from eastern Texas to southern Mississippi, have been protected. On April 11, 2016, the Louisiana black bear was removed from the list as well as the "Similarity-of-Appearance Protections" for the American black bear.

title: Brown bear

text: While the brown bear's range has shrunk and it has faced local extinctions, it remains listed as a least concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with a total population of approximately 200,000. , this and the American black bear are the only bear species not classified as threatened by the IUCN. However, the California, North African and Mexican subspecies were hunted to extinction in the 19th and early 20th centuries and many of the southern Asian subspecies are highly endangered. One of the smaller-bodied subspecies, the Himalayan brown bear, is critically endangered, occupying only 2% of its former range and threatened by uncontrolled poaching for its body parts. The Marsican brown bear, one of several currently isolated populations of the main Eurasian brown bear population in central Italy, is believed to have a population of just 30 to 40 bears.

title: Nam Et-Phou Louey

text: The park consists mainly of mountains and hills, with elevations ranging between 336 and 2257 metres. The area is the source of many rivers. It is named after the Nam Et River and Phou Louey Mountain ('Forever Mountain'). The area has a high level of biodiversity and endangered species including tiger, leopard, clouded leopard, Asian golden cat, marbled cat, civet, gaur, Sambar deer, white-cheeked gibbon, sun bear, black bear, Asian elephant, dhole, hornbill and three species of otter.

title: Asian black bear

text: The Asiatic black bear's range overlaps with that of sloth bears in central and southern India, sun bears in Southeast Asia and brown bears in the southern part of the Russian Far East.[37] Ussuri brown bears may attack black bears,[28] though Himalayan brown bears seem to be intimidated by the black species in direct encounters.[38] They will eat the fruit dropped by black bears from trees, as they themselves are too large and cumbersome to climb.[38][39]

title: Asian black bear

text: Along with sun bears, Asiatic black bears are the most typically used species in areas where bears are either used in performances or as pets.[67] Asian black bears have an outstanding learning ability in captivity, and are among the most common species used in circus acts.[68] According to Gary Brown:

title: Korean Demilitarized Zone

text: Several endangered animal and plant species now exist among the heavily fortified fences, landmines and listening posts. These include the endangered red-crowned crane (a staple of Asian art), the white-naped crane, and, potentially, the extremely rare Siberian tiger, Amur leopard, and Asiatic black bear. Ecologists have identified some 2,900 plant species, 70 types of mammals and 320 kinds of birds within the narrow buffer zone. Additional surveys are now being conducted throughout the region.

title: Pang Sida National Park

text: The critically endangered Siamese crocodile "Crocodylus siamensis" is reported to live in the park, along with the Asian elephant, gaur, dhole (the IUCN estimates fewer than 2,500 adults of this wild dog worldwide), leopard, Malayan sun bear, Asiatic black bear and white-handed gibbon. Commoner mammals are the pig-tailed macaque, Sambar deer, barking deer and wild pig. Two notable endangered birds are the grey heron and purple heron, "Ardea cinerea" and "A. purpurea".

title: Brown bear

text: While the brown bear's range has shrunk and it has faced local extinctions, it remains listed as a least concern species by the IUCN, with a total population of approximately 200,000. , this and the American black bear are the only bear species not classified as threatened by the IUCN. However, the California, North African and Mexican subspecies, as well as brown bear populations in the Pacific Northwest, were hunted to extinction in the 19th and early 20th centuries and many of the southern Asian subspecies are highly endangered. The Syrian brown bear ("Ursus arctos syriacus") is very rare and it has been extirpated from more than half of its historic range. One of the smallest-bodied subspecies, the Himalayan brown bear ("Ursus arctos isabellinus"), is critically endangered, occupying only 2% of its former range and threatened by uncontrolled poaching for its body parts. The Marsican brown bear in central Italy is believed to have a population of just 30-40 bears.

title: Asian black bear

text: Poaching for gall bladders and skin are the main threat faced by black bears in India.[15] In Pakistan it is listed as an endangered species.

title: Balkasar Bear Sanctuary

text: Balkasar Bear Sanctuary, established in 2010 by Adnan Haider of WSPA (now known as World Animal Protection), is an animal sanctuary in Balkassar, Chakwal District, Punjab, Pakistan. The sanctuary provides a retirement and rehabilitation home, and veterinary care for rescued bears from bear-baiting events. It houses the endangered species of Asian black bears and Himalayan brown bears. Balkasar Bear Sanctuary also has ornithology and herpetology research stations.

title: Terai Arc Landscape

text:
Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) is composed of 14 Indian and Nepalese trans-border protected ecosystems of the Terai (Sanskrit for "lowlands") and nearby foothills of the Himalayas. and encompassing 14 protected areas of Nepal and India. The area spans approximately 12.3 million acres (5 million hectares) and includes Nepal's Bagmati River to the east and India's Yamuna River to the west.
The TAL is home to many endangered mammals including the Bengal tiger (of which it has one of the world's highest densities), the Indian rhinoceros, the gaur, the wild Asian elephant, the hispid hare, the sloth bear, the South Asian river dolphin and the chital, as well as over 500 species of birds, many endangered. Examples of birds are the endangered Bengal florican, the sarus crane, and the black stork.

title: Ussuri black bear

text: The Ussuri black bear ("Ursus thibetanus ussuricus"), also known as the Manchurian black bear, is a large subspecies of the Asian black bear native to the Far East, including the Korean Peninsula.

title: Asian black bear

text: The Korean Government designated the Asian black bear as a Natural Monument No.329 and it is considered as extinction crisis. At present time Endangered Species Restoration Center of Korea National Park Service is going through species restoration business.[47]

title: Asian black bear

text: The Vietnamese Government issued Decision 276/QD, 276/1989, which prohibits the hunting and exporting of black bears. The Red Book of Vietnam lists Vietnamese black bears as endangered.[15]

title: Baluchistan black bear

text: The Baluchistan black bear ("Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus"), also called the Pakistan black bear is a subspecies of the Asian black bear occurring in the Baluchistan Mountains of southern Pakistan and Iran. It has an unusually thin coat for an Asian black bear, but this is because it is found in a warmer climate than most of the other subspecies, which are found in the much colder Himalayan Mountains. It is also more frugivorous than the other subspecies, and it loves to eat figs and bananas.

title: American black bear

text: As of 1993, known Mexican black bear populations existed in four areas, though knowledge on the distribution of populations outside those areas has not been updated since 1959. Mexico is the only country where the American black bear is classified as "endangered".

title: Xiangkhouang Province

text: The area has a high level of biodiversity, and a number of endangered species including tiger, leopard, clouded leopard, Asian golden cat, marbled cat, civet, gaur, Sambar deer, white-cheeked gibbon, sun bear, black bear, Asian elephant, dhole, hornbill and three species of otter.

title: American black bear

text: The ancestors of American black bears and Asian black bears diverged from sun bears 4.58 mya. The American black bear then split from the Asian black bear 4.08 mya. The earliest American black bear fossils, which were located in Port Kennedy, Pennsylvania, greatly resemble the Asian species, though later specimens grew to sizes comparable to grizzly bears. From the Holocene to the present, American black bears seem to have shrunk in size, but this has been disputed because of problems with dating these fossil specimens.

title: Asian black bear

text: Although mostly herbivorous, the jaw structure of Asiatic black bears is not as specialized for plant eating as that of pandas: Asian black bears have much narrower zygomatic arches, and the weight ratio of the two pterygoid muscles is also much smaller in Asian black bears. The lateral slips of the temporal muscles are thicker and stronger in black bears.[7]

title: Asian black bear

text: In response to a chapter on black bears written by Robert Armitage Sterndale in his Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon on how black bears were no more dangerous than other animals in India, a reader responded with a letter to The Asian on May 11, 1880:[52]

title: Asian black bear

text: The species is morphologically very similar to some prehistoric bears, and is thought by some scientists to be the ancestor of other extant bear species (aside from pandas and spectacled bears).[2] Although largely herbivorous, Asian black bears can be very aggressive toward humans, who frequently trap or kill them for traditional medicine.[4]

title: Japanese black bear

text: The Japanese black bear ("Ursus thibetanus japonicus") is a subspecies of the Asian black bear that lives on three main islands of Japan: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu. There are said to be 10,000 black bears on Japan. The population of black bears on Shikoku and Kyushu may be endangered or extinct. There is a high price on bear parts in the black market, which threatens all bear populations in Japan. This particular species of bear are typically smaller with males only reaching and females only weighing about . Their body length is about long.