query: What is the oldest Broadway theater?

title: Lyceum Theatre (Broadway)

text: The Lyceum Theatre (/laɪˈsiːəm/ ly-SEE-əm) is a Broadway theatre located at 149 West 45th Street near Times Square between Seventh and Sixth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.

title: Santos Ortega

text: He began his career when he was 17 in the theater in "an extravaganza at the old Hippodrome Theater. Later, he went on tour with a singing group, returning to New York City to appear on the Broadway stage including roles in "Jeb" (1946), "Puppets of Passion" (1927), "What Never Dies" (1926-1927), "What's the Use" (1926), and "Marilyn's Affairs".

title: Broadway Teachers Workshop

text: Broadway Teachers Workshop (established in 2001) is a professional development program for theater teachers and academic and community theater directors from all over the world. The three-day conference includes multiple workshops, master classes with Broadway artists, and viewings of Broadway shows. The program, run by co-artistic directors Gordon Greenberg and Pam Pariseau, is designed to instruct and inspire teachers and directors of middle school, high school, university, and community theater and arts with new teaching methods, enhanced production skills, and an exchange of ideas with peers and professional Broadway artists.

title: 23rd Street (Manhattan)

text: There were several Broadway and Off-Broadway theaters being built along West 23rd Street beginning in the late 19th century. By the turn of the century, the street contained a "Theater Row", which was a prominent fixture in American theater. 23rd Street remained New York's main theater strip until the Empire Theatre opened on Broadway some twenty blocks uptown, ushering in a new era of theater.

title: Way Off Broadway Dinner Theatre

text: The theater was first launched in 1990 as the Keynote Dinner Theatre under the direction of Don Wiswell with a production of the musical "Grease". It was not until 1995 when the theater was purchased by the partnership of Pete Peterson, Terrance Warfield, and Jim Watkins that it was renamed Way Off Broadway. The following year, Way Off Broadway's Children's Theatre was created, opening with an original production of "Sleeping Beauty." It was also in 1996, a year and a half after they bought the theater, that Peterson, Warfield, and Watkins sold WOB to Susan Thornton, the creator of the Children's Theatre. Way Off Broadway was then purchased by the Kiska family in 2002, beginning their ownership of the theater with a production of "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum". The Kiskas remain the theater's current owners.

title: New Victory Theater

text: On December 11, 1995, the refurbished theater, renamed The New Victory Theater, opened as New York's first and only off-Broadway theater for kids and families. Upon its reopening, it became once more the oldest operating theater in New York City. The 499-seat theater presents up to 16 productions each year.

title: Civic Theatre (New Orleans)

text: The theater opened in 1906 as the Shubert Theatre and is the oldest performance theater in the city. It was built by the Shubert Brothers who were credited with establishing New York’s Broadway theater district. The theater was their first venue outside of New York and was used for plays, vaudeville, concerts, burlesque and film. During its history, Director Cecil B. Demille put on a production and performers such as Mae West performed at the theater. The venue changed names through the years and was also known as the Star, the Lafayette, the Poché and the Civic. It closed in the early 1990s.

title: Lakewood Theater (Madison, Maine)

text: The Lakewood Theater is a theater complex at 76 Theatre Road in Madison, Maine, on the shores of Lake Wesserunsett. Founded in 1898 but only properly developed in 1901, it is one of the oldest summer theaters in the United States. The theater was in the 1920s and 1930s one of the major off-Broadway stops, and now plays host to touring productions each summer. The main auditorium is located on a former 1882 religious camp meeting sanctuary that was extensively altered in 1925-26 to accommodate the theater. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

title: Judy Kuhn

text: Kuhn's Off-Broadway and regional theater credits in this period include: "As Thousands Cheer" (1998) Off-Broadway at the Drama Dept., Greenwich House Theater;"Strike up the Band" (1998) Off-Broadway Encores! Concerts at New York City Center; the title role in "The Ballad of Little Jo" (2000) at the Steppenwolf Theatre Company in Chicago; "Eli's Comin" (2001) Off-Broadway at the Vineyard Theatre Company (for which she won an Obie Award); "The Highest Yellow" (2004) at the Signature Theater in Virginia; and "Three Sisters" (2005) In a new adaption by Craig Lucas at the Intiman Theater in Seattle, Washington.

title: Ellen Burstyn

text: Burstyn starred in the Broadway production of Martin Tahse's "Oldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All", based upon the novel of the same title by Allan Gurganus. The show played 19 previews and officially opened November 17, 2003. Because of unfavorable reviews, all performances after the opening night were cancelled. Burstyn returned to the stage in March 2008, in the off-Broadway production of Stephen Adly Guirgis's "The Little Flower of East Orange", directed by Philip Seymour Hoffman in a co-production by LAByrinth Theater Company and The Public Theater.

title: David Pittu

text:
He wrote and starred in "What's That Smell: The Music of Jacob Sterling", a musical satire about a luckless, eternally "up-and-coming" composer-lyricist. Pittu also wrote the lyrics, with music by Randy Redd to "What's That Smell", which premiered Off-Broadway at the
Atlantic Theater Company in September 2008. The play with music received two Lucille Lortel Award nominations including one for Best Off-Broadway Musical, and was included in both the Entertainment Weekly and "The New York Times" Top 10 Best Lists in Theater 2008.

title: Once (musical)

text: Brantley reviewed the Broadway production in "The New York Times", writing: "When I first saw the musical "Once" at the New York Theater Workshop last December, it registered as a little too twee, too conventionally sentimental, for the East Village. Yet on Broadway — at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theater to be exact, where "Once" opened on Sunday night — what is essentially the same production feels as vital and surprising as the early spring that has crept up on Manhattan. And what was always wonderful about "Once", its songs and its staging, has been magnified. In the meantime its appealing stars, Steve Kazee and Cristin Milioti, have only grown in presence and dimensionality."

title: Bringing Back Broadway

text: Broadway, constructed as a part of the 1849 plan of Los Angeles by Lieutenant Edward Ord, is one of the oldest streets of the city and is a part of the National Register of Historic Places. For more than 50 years, Broadway from 1st Street to Olympic Boulevard represented the main commercial street of Los Angeles, and one of the premier theater and movie palace districts as well. The entire street is a live display of the grand and marvelous architectural and engineering feats of the 20th century.

title: David Cote (writer)

text: In August 2000, Cote became staff theater writer at "Time Out New York". He wrote reviews, listings, previews and other reporting for the weekly magazine. In 2003, he became theater editor and chief drama critic. He reviewed a wide range of plays, musicals and experimental pieces from Broadway to Off-Off-Broadway. Cote left "Time Out" in April 2017. To date, he is the longest-serving theater editor and chief drama critic of the magazine. As a critic and reporter, he freelances for "The Village Voice", "What Should We Do?", "IN New York" and other places.

title: Tom O'Horgan

text:
O'Horgan thought of his work as "kinetic sculpture" and said that his goal was to be "able to blend all aspects of the theatre without letting any part become secondary to the others." Of contemporary commercial theater, he believed that people are "hung up on chandeliers because they insist that the one-dimensional, verbal Ibsenite theater is the only theater. But this is an aberration of the 19th century. If the ideas are the primary thing, it's not theater. Theater has always meant music, dance, art. That's what the Greek theater was." Shortly after "Hair" opened on Broadway, Eleanore Lester wrote in "The New York Times":
O'Horgan said that an element of his artistic gratification is "just getting the vicarious joy of turning people on, making them respond, turning them on to their own sensual powers that are buried under layers of cement. When you see how people in the streets will run to see a fire or an accident or a fight, hoping against hope to see something really happen, something that will prove that the people walking beside them are more than mere mannequins, you realize how much they want to break out of all their emotional rigidity." Though he would become well known for his Broadway work, he was more comfortable in the Off-Broadway world. As he told Lester in 1968, "Sure, I've been sent scripts from Broadway offices, but so far I haven't seen anything that I could possibly be interested in. Of course, I'll continue working with La MaMa. Where else can you work things out? Certainly not on Broadway where the meter is always running."

title: The Open Theater

text: “I felt a terrific longing for a kind of ensemble. I wanted to play with actors, actors who felt a sensitivity for one another… In order to come to a vocabulary, we had to teach each other: we had no ambitions other than to meet and play around… Off-off Broadway’s impulse was a terrific dissatisfaction with what is possible on Broadway… Off-off broadway is really an attack on the fourth wall. I want to destroy the fourth-wall business. I have difficulty believing most of what happens on Broadway. Mary Martin’s like a character in a television commercial: nobody’s like that."

title: The Kilroys' List

text: Theaters that were eligible for survey must be not-for-profit and regional, including Off-Broadway and Off-Off Broadway. Broadway theaters were not included in the survey. In total, 153 theater companies' 2011-2012, 2012-2013, and 2013-2014 seasons were included in the national survey.

title: Hudson Theatre

text: In 2015 it was announced that the British-based Ambassador Theatre Group would assume management of the Hudson from the hotel and convert it back into a legitimate Broadway theater. Upon reopening in 2017, the Hudson became the 41st theater operating on Broadway and also the oldest, having originally opened slightly earlier in 1903 than the Lyceum and New Amsterdam Theatres. The Tony Awards Administration Committee ruled in October 2016 that the Hudson Theatre is deemed to be a Tony-eligible theatre, with "970 seats without the use of the orchestra pit and 948 seats when the orchestra pit is utilized by a production."

title: WP Theater

text: WP Theater (formerly known as Women's Project Theater) is a not-for-profit Off-Broadway theater based in New York City. It is the nation’s oldest and largest theater company dedicated to developing, producing and promoting the work of female-identified theater artists at every stage in their careers. Currently, Lisa McNulty serves as the Producing Artistic Director and Michael Sag serves as the Managing Director.

title: Phillip Boykin

text: In 2017 he was featured in the Broadway revival of "Sunday in the Park with George". He made Broadway history as the first African-American Boatman/Lee Randolph while reopening Broadway's newest and oldest theater at the time the Hudson Theatre which played its last Broadway show in 1968. Boykin played the role of Tonton Julian in the Revival of "Once On This Island", which opened on Broadway at the Circle in the Square Theatre on December 3, 2017 and closed on January 6, 2019. He was also featured in "On the Town" which ran on Broadway at the Lyric Theatre in 2014-2015.

title: Times Square Theater

text: In 2012, a group called Broadway 4D Theaters, LLC signed a long term lease to make the theater home to a "4D" film presentation called "Broadway Sensation", dedicated to the history of Broadway. The presentation was to be produced by lawyer Robert Kory and producer/director Gary Goddard and the theater renovated to house it. The attraction was expected to open in spring 2015, however on May 28, 2014 it was reported that the project had been canceled due to financial troubles. In August 2015, Elie Samaha and Donald Kushner announced they purchased the assets of Broadway 4D Theaters and would continue the project.

title: Jim Moran (businessman)

text: The Times-Union Center for the Performing Arts in Jacksonville, Florida was the recipient of a $2 million Moran donation in 1996 which funded a complete renovation of what was the original Civic Auditorium, which was transformed into a showplace with new balconies, a complete reconfiguration of seating, new ceiling and state-of-the-art sound system. Equipped for Broadway touring shows, with a seating capacity of 3,000, this theater gives residents a venue to see classic Broadway productions. It was named the "Jim and Jan Moran Theater".

title: Plays and Players Theatre

text: Plays and Players Theatre, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is one of the oldest professional theater companies in the United States, founded in 1911. The theater building was designed and constructed in 1912 by Philadelphia architect Amos W. Barnes as a dramatic school, but soon was used as a theater for Broadway try-outs, known as the Playhouse. The theater company Plays and Players bought the building in 1922 and has performed there ever since. Murals were added in 1923 by the American artist Edith Emerson.

title: Bernard Gersten

text: Perhaps Gersten’s most significant contribution to the [[Theater of the United States|American theater]] was his realization that a non-profit theater could produce commercially. In what he has described as a ‘eureka moment’ he found a way to free the New York Shakespeare Festival and later the [[Lincoln Center Theater]] from dependency on commercial producers when moving a show to [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]]. Through this innovative approach to underwriting production, beginning with moving "Two Gentlemen of Verona" to Broadway in 1971, (and particularly with the success of "A Chorus Line"), the fortunes of the New York Shakespeare Festival grew enormously. Gersten's approach would change the course of non-profit institutions nationally and especially in [[New York City]].

title: Simone Genatt

text: On Broadway, Genatt produced "The Sound of Music", "Little Shop of Horrors", "Legally Blonde", "An American in Paris", "Amelie" and "Anastasia". She is the Executive Producer of DreamWorks' "Kung Fu Panda", Jay Chou's The Secret, "Neverland: The Peter Pan Immersive Entertainment", "China Goes Pop!", "Cookin/Nanta" and "Brazil Brazil". Genatt's producing career extends beyond Broadway to Japan, Korea and China. She has been working in mainland China since the early 1990s, and has done more than 35 productions throughout the territory. She started networking with Chinese producers in 1988, but they were not yet ready for the Broadway musical art form. Broadway Asia has since created theatrical training schools in several Asian cities, which teach the basics of musical theater performance. Genatt has been committed to fostering international collaborations and building live entertainment infrastructure systems within China, Korea and other emerging markets territories to support the expansion and exploitation of Broadway shows. This includes co-productions between Tony Award-winning artists and local artists like "Cookin'/Nanta" and "Jay Chou's The Secret". “It’s really easy to write a bad musical and it’s really really hard to write a good one”. The Chinese government has welcomed this art form by building more than 25 new theaters. In China, “People feel if they make their lives better in terms of art, entertainment, and culture, that the country will be more productive and Broadway is riding that wave. They want what’s new, what’s hot, what’s cool, and Broadway represents the best of the West.” Genatt has said that she is in the Chinese market because she admires the Chinese and the Chinese admire Broadway.

title: Second Stage Theater

text: Second Stage Theater is a theater company founded in 1979 and located in Manhattan, New York City. It produces both new plays and revivals of contemporary American plays by new playwrights and established writers. The company has two off-Broadway theaters, their main stage, the Tony Kiser Theater at 305 West 43rd Street on the corner of Eighth Avenue near the Theater District, and the McGinn/Cazale Theater at 2162 Broadway at 76th Street on the Upper West Side. In April 2015, the company bought the Helen Hayes Theater, a Broadway theater.

title: Broadway (Los Angeles)

text:
Between Third Street and Olympic Boulevard are a dozen historic theaters known as the Broadway Theater District—the largest surviving collection of pre-WWII movie palaces in the United States, including the 1918 Million Dollar Theater, the first Los Angeles movie palace built by Sid Grauman, the 1931 Los Angeles Theatre and the 1926 Orpheum Theatre.
Historic Broadway station is an under-construction light rail subway station in the Los Angeles County Metro Rail system. The station is located near the intersection of 2nd Street and Broadway The station is directly across the street from the Los Angeles Times Building, and is a block from the historic Broadway Theater District. Will be serviced by the North/South route Blue Line and the East/West route Gold Line.

title: Sardi's

text: The restaurant is today considered a Broadway institution, to the point that composer Stephen Sondheim pointed to it when lamenting the changing climate of New York theater in a 2000 interview. Asked about the Broadway community, Sondheim replied, "There's none whatsoever. The writers write one show every two or three years. Who congregates at Sardi's? What is there to congregate about? Shows just sit in theaters and last."

title: Barbara Bel Geddes

text: In 1952, she received the prestigious "Woman of the Year" award from Harvard University's Hasty Pudding Theatricals, America's oldest theater company; in 1993, having appeared in 15 Broadway productions, she was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame (located in the Gershwin Theatre in New York City), a distinction she shared with her father, stage and industrial designer Norman Bel Geddes.

title: 1000 Broadway

text: The half-block lot formerly hosted the Broadway Theater, an art deco movie house. Plans to restore and include the old marquee never came to fruition. However, a 4-screen multi-plex movie theater was built inside the new tower. Originally the new theater was operated by Act III Theaters, which had been formed from the chain started by Moyer. The 1000 Broadway theater, along with all Act III theaters, was later acquired by Regal Cinemas in 1998, which in turn closed the 1000 Broadway four-plex in September 2011.

title: Daniel Hugh Kelly

text: Kelly appeared in numerous Off-Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway productions, primarily at The Public Theater and Second Stage Theatre. A product of regional repertory theater, Kelly has been a company member of the Williamstown Theater Festival (Massachusetts), The Folger Theater (DC), Arena Stage (DC), and the Actors Theatre of Louisville among others. He toured with the National Players, the nation's oldest classical touring company. He starred on Broadway as Brick opposite Kathleen Turner's Maggie in "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof", and opposite Madeline Kahn's Billie in "Born Yesterday". In 2003, he appeared at the Mark Taper Forum (Los Angeles), originating the role of Richard in "Living Out" by Lisa Loomer.


query: When was professional baseball introduced in France?

title: France national baseball team

text: The history of the French team began in 1929 with their first official game against Spain in Barcelona with a 10–6 victory.[1] The team made its debut in competition in 1955 when it played in the finals of the second European Baseball Championship, finishing fifth out of five teams.[2]

title: Jackie Robinson

text: Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15, 1947. When the Dodgers signed Robinson, they heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.

title: Reid Ryan

text: Reid Ryan (born April 21, 1971) is an American baseball executive, former college baseball and professional baseball player, and son of Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Nolan Ryan. He was a pitcher in minor league baseball, and currently serves as the CEO of Ryan-Sanders Baseball Inc., which owns the Round Rock Express and Corpus Christi Hooks. He was introduced as the president of the Houston Astros on May 17, 2013.

title: Nippon Professional Baseball

text: The 2013 season featured a livelier baseball which was secretly introduced into NPB, resulting in a marked increase in home runs league-wide. Tokyo Yakult Swallows outfielder Wladimir Balentien broke the NPB single-season home run record of 55, previously held by professional baseball's all-time home run leader Sadaharu Oh in 1964, Tuffy Rhodes in 2001, and Alex Cabrera in 2002. Balantien finished the season with 60 home runs. Three-term NPB commissioner Ryōzō Katō was forced to resign over the scandal when the changed baseball was revealed.

title: Baseball color line

text: On May 28, 1916, British Columbian Jimmy Claxton temporarily broke the professional baseball color barrier when he played two games for the Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League. Claxton was introduced to the team owner by a part-Native American friend as a fellow member of an Oklahoma tribe. The Zee-Nut candy company rushed out a baseball card for Claxton. However, within a week, a friend of Claxton revealed that he had both Negro and Indigenous Canadian ancestors, and Claxton was promptly fired. It would be nearly thirty more years before another black man, at least one known to be black, played organized white baseball.

title: 2007 Nippon Professional Baseball season

text: Climax Series was firstly introduced in this season. It was inspired by the playoff system introduced by Pacific League between 2004 and 2006, in which the top three teams of the league will play in a stepladder knockout to decide the team to play in the Japan Series. The system was a success when Pacific League's teams won all the Japan Series since the introduction of such system. This is also the Central League's first participation in playoff system since 1949.

title: Huskies de Rouen

text: The Rouen Baseball 76 is a French professional baseball team. Founded in 1986, the team competes in the top league in France. The Huskies home stadium is Terrain Pierre Rolland, located in the capital city of Normandy, Rouen. Rouen has won 14 French Championships in the last 16 years, establishing itself as one of the best teams in France and Europe. The Huskies won their 14th French title in October 2018, and trail only Paris as the most titled team in French history. Rouen is currently ranked as the number 9 team in Europe (as of January 2018). The Huskies will open the 2019 season March 23 when they host Toulouse.

title: Sport in South Korea

text: Baseball was introduced in 1905 by American missionaries and carries a strong following today. Professional teams owned by large conglomerates (chaebols) compete in the KBO League. Korea won the Gold Medal in baseball at the 2008 Olympic Games. Korea is also a regular participant in the World Baseball Classic, and is considered one of the best baseball countries in international competition. Several Korean players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball. The domestic KBO League consistently draws 8 million total fans per year, averaging approximately 11,500 spectators per game, both highest among professional spectator sports in South Korea. There is also an active baseball cheering culture in South Korea, with each team having its own method of cheering.

title: Émile Dubonnet

text: He also helped form the first professional baseball league in France, the French Baseball Union, in 1912.

title: Harry Wright

text: William Henry "Harry" Wright (January 10, 1835 – October 3, 1895) was an English-born American professional baseball player, manager, and developer. He assembled, managed, and played center field for baseball's first fully professional team, the 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings. It was there where he is credited with introducing innovations such as backing up infield plays from the outfield and shifting defensive alignments based on hitters' tendencies. For his contributions as a manager and developer of the game, he was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1952 by the Veterans Committee. Wright was also the first to make baseball into a business by paying his players up to seven times the pay of the average working man.

title: Francisco José Cróquer

text: The first high point for Venezuela in international baseball came in 1941, when its national team captured the 1941 Amateur World Series tournament against host country Cuba, which gripped the attention of the nation. After that, baseball's position as the national sport in Venezuela was consolidated, and it has never been seriously challenged since then. The professional game in Venezuela was established in 1945, when a group of four club owners created the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League and joined organized baseball.

title: Bullpen car

text: The Sugar Land Skeeters of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball, an independent baseball league, introduced a bullpen car in 2012.

title: Royse City Griffins

text: The Royse City Griffins are a planned professional baseball team based in Royse City, Texas. They are slated to be inaugural members of the independent Southwest League of Professional Baseball, which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball when the league launches in 2019.

title: France national baseball team

text: A list of all French National team players who have played professional baseball

title: Isaiah Kacyvenski

text: Kacyvenski's hometown of Endicott, New York is also that of at least 5 professional athletes, including Professional Football Player Arthur Jones (American football), Professional Football Player Chandler Jones, Professional Baseball Player Jim Johnson (baseball, born 1983), and UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Jon Jones, Professional Football Player and Professional Baseball Umpire Ron Luciano baseball, born 1937), Professional Baseball Player Johnny Logan, baseball, three-time All Star, born 1927.

title: Tadashi Wakabayashi

text: He graduated from the university in 1935, and a friend introduced him to the Columbia Music Entertainment company, where he split time between working, and playing on the company's baseball team. In July, 1935, the Tokyo Kyojin Gun baseball team returned from their tour in the United States, and numerous companies, including the Hanshin Electric Railway company, joined to form the first professional baseball league in Japan. Several companies made offers for Wakabayashi to join their professional team, and he signed with the Osaka Tigers (current Hanshin Tigers) in January 1936.

title: Baseball in Japan

text: Baseball was first introduced to Japan in 1872 and is currently among the country's most popular participatory and spectator sports. The first professional competitions emerged in the 1920s. The current organized sports circuit is the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB), consists of two leagues, with the Central and the Pacific Leagues of six teams each. High school baseball also enjoys a particularly strong public profile and fan base (much like college football in America); the Japanese High School Baseball Championship ("Summer Kōshien") each August is nationally televised and includes regional champions from all of Japan's 47 constituent prefectures.

title: Luis Aparicio Sr.

text: Engaged in any sport activities as a teenager, Aparicio Sr. was introduced to the soccer environment in the late 1920s, playing as a forward for several First Division clubs of Caracas and Maracaibo, but ended devoted himself to baseball when he was hired to play in the National Baseball Series tournament, where he performed for seven different teams in eleven seasons spanning 1931–1945. A few years before, in 1928, he had founded with his brother Ernesto the baseball team "Los Muchachos" (The Boys), which was later renamed Gavilanes de Maracaibo. Over time, the Gavilanes (Sparrowhawks) would become the most successful team in Zulian Professional Baseball annals, winning 15 of 20 summer tournaments held between 1932 and 1957.

title: Beulah McGillicutty

text: While working as a backup dancer for the singer Prince, Hayes met the baseball player Ron Gant, who introduced her to his friend, professional wrestler Raven. Raven in turn introduced her to Paul Heyman, the owner of Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), an independent professional wrestling promotion based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

title: James Parr (baseball)

text: Parr played for the Sugar Land Skeeters of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. He became a free agent after the 2015 season. In 2016, Parr founded Pro4mer, a business that sought to introduce young athletes to professionals.

title: Sports in Taiwan

text: Baseball is the country's most popular spectator sport. It is commonly considered the national sport in Taiwan. Baseball was first introduced during Japanese rule. The professional baseball league is the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL), and the main playoff competition is the Taiwan Series. Taiwan has been "exporting" baseball talents to Japan and United States over the past few decades, such as Tai-Yuan Kuo (Taigen Kaku) to the Seibu Lions, Chien-Ming Wang to the New York Yankees/Washington Nationals, and Wei-Yin Chen to the Baltimore Orioles. The Chinese Taipei baseball team is currently the fourth ranked baseball team in the world.

title: Calico Joe

text: The book's style mixes fact and fiction - introducing fictional players into well-known actual teams such as the New York Mets and the Chicago Cubs and lets them interact with actual people such as Yogi Berra, and letting dramatic fictional Baseball matches take place in actual stadiums. Author Grisham once dreamed of a career as a professional baseball player for the St. Louis Cardinals. This, his first baseball novel, is about a beanball that ends the career of a promising player . The novel is inspired by the real-life story of Ray Chapman, the only professional baseball player killed by a pitch.. The book was also inspired by some of Grisham's personal baseball experience; as noted in the forward, when a teenager Grisham played baseball, and developed a dislike of aggressive, bad-mannered pitchers; at the age of 19, Grisham saw a ball flying very near to his face, at the speed of about ninety miles per hour - and quit the game, promptly and permanently.

title: Asia Professional Baseball Championship

text: The Asia Professional Baseball Championship (APBC) is a World Baseball Softball Confederation-sanctioned international baseball competition jointly launched with the Chinese Professional Baseball League, Korea Baseball Organization and Nippon Professional Baseball leagues. The three-nation tournament is contested by the U-24 national teams of Japan, South Korea and Chinese Taipei.

title: Dickey Pearce

text: Richard J. Pearce (February 29, 1836 – September 18, 1908) known as Dickey Pearce was an American professional baseball player and one of the sport's most famous early figures. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, and began playing with the Brooklyn Atlantics in 1856. He continued his career in the National Association and the early years of Major League Baseball. It is possible Pearce was one of the first baseball players to earn money for playing the game professionally. Pearce is given credit for pioneering the shortstop position. Pearce introduced his "tricky hit" to baseball, known today as the bunt. For much of his career, the rules permitted the ball to roll foul and still be a hit.

title: South Korea

text: Baseball was first introduced to Korea in 1905 and has since become increasingly popular, with some sources claiming it has surpassed football as the most popular sport in the country. Recent years have been characterized by increasing attendance and ticket prices for professional baseball games. The Korea Professional Baseball league, a 10-team circuit, was established in 1982. The South Korea national team finished third in the 2006 World Baseball Classic and second in the 2009 tournament. The team's 2009 final game against Japan was widely watched in Korea, with a large screen at Gwanghwamun crossing in Seoul broadcasting the game live. In the 2008 Summer Olympics, South Korea won the gold medal in baseball. Also in 1982, at the Baseball Worldcup, Korea won the gold medal. At the 2010 Asian Games, the Korean National Baseball team won the gold medal. Several Korean players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball.

title: Baseball in the Netherlands

text: Baseball in the Netherlands started in , having been introduced to the country by English teacher J.C.G Grasé of Amsterdam, following a holiday to America. The first professional baseball league (now the Honkbal Hoofdklasse) began in . The national governing body for baseball is the Koninklijke Nederlandse Baseball en Softball Bond (Royal Netherlands Baseball and Softball Federation).

text: The league went through a series of name changes during its history. It was founded as the All-American Girls Softball League.,[1] but midway through its first season of 1943, the name was changed to the All-American Girls Baseball League (AAGBBL).[11] After the 1943 season, the official League name was again changed, to the All-American Girls Professional Ball League (AAGPBL), reflecting that players were paid from the start and further separate it from existing amateur leagues.[2] This name was used until the end of the 1945 season, when the league reverted to All-American Girls Baseball League (AAGBBL), which it would use through 1950. When teams were sold to independent owners at the end of the 1950 season, the official League name was changed to the American Girls Baseball League (AGBL), although it continued to be popularly identified as the All-American League or the All-American Girls Baseball League (AAGBBL). When the Players' Association organized in 1986, and gained recognition by the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988, the name All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was chosen to represent the league, and that is the name commonly used to refer to it to this day.[11]

title: Congressional Baseball Game

text: The 1909 game was organized by Representative John Tener of Pennsylvania, a former professional baseball player. The "Boston Daily Globe" observed, ""The game was brewing for weeks and the members of the house were keyed up a high pitch of enthusiasm. Deep, dark rumors were in circulation that 'ringers' would be introduced, but when they lined up at 4 o'clock the nine Republicans were stalwart, grand old party men, while the Democrats were of the pure Jeffersonian strain.""

title: Chinese Professional Baseball League

text: Baseball was first introduced to Taiwan during Japanese rule, and gained popularity when the national little league baseball teams won numerous Little League World Series championships in the 1970s and 1980s. The national baseball team also performed exceptionally well in many international competitions. However, the development of baseball in Taiwan was limited due to the lack of a professional league, and therefore many players were reluctant to commit to the sport.

title: Sports in Asia

text: Baseball is most popular sport in Japan, where it was introduced in the 1870s and became professional in the 1920s. The Japanese Baseball League was operated from 1936 to 1949, and reorganized into the Nippon Professional Baseball in 1950. Teams have been historically identified with their corporate owners, not where the team is based, and have often relocated to other cities.

title: U-23 Baseball World Cup

text: The rosters of national teams that participated in the tournament included professional players from clubs affiliated to the Australian Baseball League, Chinese Professional Baseball League, Korean Baseball Organization, Major League Baseball, Mexican Baseball League, Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League, and Nippon Professional Baseball.


query: How did Preston Albert Watson die?

title: Preston Watson

text: On 30 June 1915, Flight sub-Lieutenant Preston Watson of the Royal Naval Air Service was flying Caudron G.3 3266 between Eastchurch in Kent and Eastbourne, East Sussex, England when his aeroplane "suddenly dived from a great height to the ground", and crashed in Dunlye Field, a few miles from the Cross-in-Hand Hotel near Heathfield. Watson was killed in the accident. He was 34 years old.[7]

title: Preston Watson

text: A further false statement made by James Watson was that Preston had the No. 3 shipped to France and entered into a competition, in which it won a safety award. No evidence of this can be found anywhere. The only competition in France Preston entered any of his aeroplanes in was the Concours de La Sécurité en Aéroplanes, in which his No.3 aeroplane was disqualified. Some sources quote the date in which Watson's No.3 won the safety prize was 1913, but the Concours held between 1 January and 1 July 1914 was the first of its kind.[2][8]

title: 21 Down

text: The comic tells the story of young Preston Kills, who could sense how people were going to die. Preston also knew that he was going to die at age 21, hence the title.

title: Preston Watson

text: According to the late Mr James Manson, who worked as a labourer with Watson's father's food produce business, Messrs Watson and Philip, Preston built small model aeroplanes and dropped them from the bridge at Ninewells.[2]

title: Preston Watson

text: Another cause for debate is the claim that Preston Watson approached celebrated Brazilian aviator Alberto Santos-Dumont in 1906 and purchased from him a Dutheil Chalmers engine. In 1955, John Bell Milne made a personal assertion to Charles Gibbs-Smith that the year the motor was purchased was 1906. This could not have been possible, since Dutheil Chalmers & Cie did not construct their first aero-engine until 1907. In a later interview Bell Milne changed the date to a year later, thus bringing into question his earlier statements’ validity. [7]

title: Preston Watson

text: Born in Dundee, Tayside, Scotland on 17 May 1880, the son of Mr Thomas Watson of Balgowan and his wife Jane, Preston Albert Watson was a pupil of the High School of Dundee and showed considerable interest in things mechanical from an early age. Young Preston possessed an analytical mind, and quite often, he, according to the Sunday, 27 October 1984 edition of The Courier and Advertiser newspaper;

title: Preston Watson

text: Confirmation from articles in the Dundee Courier in 1910 confirming completion dates of Watson's first and second aeroplanes pour cold water on the suggestion that he built and flew rocking wing aircraft any earlier. Yet the rumours persist, with no small thanks to the likes of the book The pioneer flying achievements of Preston Watson, which is full of inconsistencies and errors and relies primarily on James Watson's discredited testimony.[2]

title: John B. Watson

text: One might consider the experiment Watson and his assistant Rosalie Rayner carried out to be one of the most controversial in psychology in 1920. It has become immortalized in introductory psychology textbooks as the Little Albert experiment. The goal of the experiment was to show how principles of, at the time recently discovered, classical conditioning could be applied to condition fear of a white rat into "Little Albert", a 9-month-old boy. Watson and Rayner conditioned "Little Albert" by clanging an iron rod when a white rat was presented. First, they presented to the boy a white rat and observed that he was not afraid of it. Second, they presented him with a white rat and then clanged an iron rod. "Little Albert" responded by crying. This second presentation was repeated several times. Finally, Watson and Rayner presented the white rat by itself and the boy showed fear. Later, in an attempt to see if the fear transferred to other objects, Watson presented Albert with a rabbit, a dog, and a fur coat. He cried at the sight of all of them. This study demonstrated how emotions could become conditioned responses. As the story of "Little Albert" has made the rounds, inaccuracies and inconsistencies have crept in, some of them even due to Watson himself. Analyses of Watson's film footage of Albert suggest that the infant was mentally and developmentally disabled. An ethical problem of this study is that Watson and Rayner did not uncondition "Little Albert". In 2009, Beck and Levinson found records of a child, Douglas Merritte, who seemed to have been Little Albert. They found that he had died from congenital hydrocephalus at the age of 6. Thus, it cannot be concluded to what extent this study had an effect on "Little Albert"'s life. On 25 January 2012, Tom Bartlett of "The Chronicle of Higher Education" published a report that questions whether John Watson knew of cognitive abnormalities in Little Albert that would greatly skew the results of the experiment. In 2014, however, the journals that initially endorsed Beck and Fridlund's claims about Albert and Watson (the "American Psychologist" and "History of Psychology") published articles debunking those claims

title: Preston Watson

text: Preston Watson is interred at Western Cemetery (on the Perth Road) in Dundee.[18]

title: Preston Watson

text: It is worth remembering that in the 15 May 1914 issue of Flight magazine, Preston Watson himself stated that, in his own words, "these gentlemen, the Wrights, were the first to fly in a practical way", and at no time during his life did he ever contradict that statement. By contrast, James' and others' testimonies to the dubious claims of Preston's powered-flight-before-the-Wrights are riddled with inconsistencies, changes of facts and general errors. Bearing this in mind, it is difficult to refute Preston's own words on the matter.[2][7]

title: Albert Watson (South Carolina)

text: In 1948, Watson married the former Lillian Audrey Williams (born 1926), and the couple had three children, Albert Watson, Jr., Kimberly C. Watson, and Clark P. Watson. A Southern Baptist deacon, Watson had a twin brother, Allan R. Watson (1922-2001), who was a Baptist minister and served as the pastor of churches in Florida and Alabama. He preached at the White House in September 1969. A second brother, Claude Watson, Jr., of Columbia, died in 2003.

title: Preston Watson

text: Exactly when Preston Watson carried out his first flights in this aircraft is the crux of the matter in the eyes of James Watson's supporters. For any claimant to powered flight earlier than the Wrights, the date of the Wright's first powered flight (17 December 1903) is when such flights must pre-date. It is therefore convenient for anyone recalling such an event some fifty years after it allegedly took place to quote the year as 1903 or earlier. It is also notable that none of the eye witnesses that James Watson interviewed whilst preparing his case for Watson's powered flights ever mentioned that they saw a glider flying at Errol; all of them saw a powered aeroplane. Only in Bell Milne was there a recollection of a Watson glider and even then, he never saw it being flown.[2]

title: Preston Watson

text: In the 7 July 1915 issue of The Aeroplane, as an obituary to Watson, the following records one reason why the No.3 might have been ruled out of the competition; "Last year Mr Watson took the machine to France and entered it into the "Concours de La Sécurité", or Security Competition. The machine was not a success, partly no doubt, as Mr Watson claimed, because of its being underpowered. Nevertheless, it did at time get off the ground for short distances."

title: John B. Watson

text: He deemed his slogan to be "not more babies but better brought up babies". Watson argued for the nurture side of the nature-nurture debate, claiming that the world would benefit from extinguishing pregnancies for twenty years while enough data was gathered to ensure an efficient child-rearing process. Further emphasizing nurture, Watson said that nothing is instinctual; rather everything is built into a child through the interaction with their environment. Parents therefore hold complete responsibility since they choose what environment to allow their child to develop in. Laura E. Berk, author of "Infants and Children: Prenatal Through Middle Childhood", examined the roots of the beliefs Watson came to honor. Berk says that the experiment with Little Albert inspired Watson's emphasis on environmental factors. Little Albert did not fear the rat and white rabbit until he was conditioned to do so. From this experiment, Watson concluded that parents can shape a child's behavior and development simply by a scheming control of all stimulus-response associations.

title: Preston Watson

text: There have also been claims that Watson also built and flew an unpowered "Wright Type" glider, but there is little substantial evidence to support this; Preston Watson himself never made the claim and reports of a glider only emerged after James Watson admitted that the claim to powered flight before the Wrights in 1903 was false and the machine Preston flew that year was a glider in the December 1955 issue of Aeronautics magazine. While he might have begun constructing a glider at some stage in his life, no evidence can be found that verifies the claim he flew it.[2]

title: Preston Watson

text: It is known that Preston Watson constructed three powered aeroplanes, of which only two were able to become airborne under their own power. [3] [5] [12]

title: Preston Watson

text: "At the secluded little village of Forgandenny, Perthshire, near Preston, A. Watson, a well-known motorist of Dundee, has built a machine to his own designs. Mr Watson does not wish details of his aeroplane to be made public till he has tested it in practice, which he hopes to do within the next few days."

title: Preston Watson

text: What makes the assertion that Preston Watson built a glider, or any aircraft in 1903 questionable is that James Watson publicly contradicts himself on more than one occasion.[7][8]

title: Preston Watson

text: According to letters written by Watson and published in the aforementioned book, he showed Jouques photographs and written details of his rocking wing experiments and aeroplanes, who seemed genuinely interested in the design and claimed he would organise for Watson to give a public demonstration of the machine to the War Office. Evidently this did not take place and Watson was also less-than-enthused by an offer by Jouques to manufacture (presumably) the No.3. Jouques returned to Watson claiming that his wife, who had access to Lord Kitchener and was requesting of him that he gain Watson a commission and that modifications to its undercarriage be made at Jouques' expense before Watson demonstrate the machine to the War Office. Nothing came of any of this, again, presumably because of Watson's own reluctance, as he states in one of the letters that he is "swithering" over the latest offer by Jouques.[2]

title: Preston Watson

text: Constructed from bamboo with its flying surfaces covered in canvas like his first aeroplane,[11] Watson's No.2 was structurally similar to its predecessor, which lends credence to the fact that Watson's first rocking wing aircraft did not fly. The two aircraft shared the same dimensions, wing plan and box kite tail surfaces, although the 'A' frame centre section of the No.2 differed slightly from the No.1 in bracing details. Watson's new aeroplane was powered by a 1910 three cylinder 30hp Humber engine.[11]

title: Preston Watson

text: Preston Albert Watson (1880–1915) was a Scottish aviation pioneer, who conceived his own original method of controlling an aeroplane in flight. This was his rocking wing method of lateral control, which consisted of a secondary smaller wing mounted above the main wing on an A-frame that could pivot about its longitudinal axis.[1] Watson's method of lateral control was applied by him in three different aeroplanes; the first was built in late 1909, the second in July 1910 and his third in 1913. [2] [3] [4] [5]

title: Preston Watson

text: Despite the fitting of the Dutheil Chalmers engine, Preston Watson's No.1 aeroplane remained firmly earthbound, and he placed it in store in a shed on the property of Mr James Bell at Rossie, Forgandenney, about 25 miles west of Dundee. A year later Watson gave the forlorn craft away to a group of local enthusiasts from the Dundee Model Aero Club, founded in November 1909. David Urquhart, the founder of the Dundee Model Aero Club and two friends, David Robertson and William Gibb, recounted in 1961 how the Dutheil Chalmers motor was removed and the aeroplane was converted into a glider in the club house used by the modellers.[2]

title: Preston Watson

text: Preston Watson's achievements have been clouded by erroneous claims of powered flight before the Wright Brothers. This originated from his younger brother James Watson, who brought to the public's greater attention in an article published in the Manchester Guardian newspaper in December 1953. There was an article in The Scots magazine in October 1953 released by one J.D. Leslie, but it is dismissed owing to inaccuracies. Since then, Preston's name has been associated with this false claim and his actual work in promoting aviation is often overlooked.[2]

title: Preston Watson

text: Accepted in its entirety on 8 October 1908, by that time Watson’s ideas on what constituted successful flight, and specifically how lift was achieved had changed dramatically from his patent. In July 1908 Watson published the pamphlet Power Necessary in Flight (John Leng & Co. Ltd. Dundee, 1908), which contained his theories on; "...the best curvature of an aerodrome [sic], and, further, the result of a calculation regarding the best proportion of the weight of wings to weight of structure for the attainment of flight with the least horse-power." [10]

title: Preston Watson

text: Facts about Preston Watson remain as obscure to the public today as before December 1953, and although James Watson later publicly denied the claims he made about his brother,.[8] there are still many who refuse to accept that his tale has been so comprehensively debunked. This is unfortunate, considering the work that Preston actually carried out, and the conviction and enthusiasm he had for his subject matter. It is truly lamentable that he isn’t remembered for his pioneering work, regardless of the fact that it has proven to be fruitless.[2][8]

title: Preston Watson

text: Director of the Victoria and Albert Museum and professional aviation researcher Charles Gibbs-Smith vigorously investigated the Watson claim.[8] The presentation of Gibbs-Smith's findings to him eventually forced a change of tack from Watson the Younger. Published in the December 1955 issue of Aeronautics magazine titled A pioneer in Scotland, James changed his story from that published in the same magazine previously, stating that "Preston's first aeroplane was without an engine" and that "trial flights were made at Errol in the summer of 1903". In a letter to Gibbs-Smith, James also wrote, "I make no claim that the 'machine' Preston used at Errol in 1903 was a powered machine."[7][8]

title: James F. Byrnes

text: In 1965, Byrnes spoke out against the "punishment" and "humiliation" of South Carolina U.S. Representative Albert W. Watson, who had been stripped of his congressional seniority by the House Democratic Caucus after endorsing Goldwater for president. Byrnes openly endorsed Watson's retention in Congress as a Republican in a special election held in 1965 against Democrat Preston Callison. Watson secured $20,000 and the services of a GOP field representative in what he termed "quite a contrast" to his treatment from Democratic House colleagues.

title: Source criticism

text: Harris (1979) provides a case study of how a famous experiment in psychology, Little Albert, has been distorted throughout the history of psychology, starting with the author (Watson) himself, general textbook authors, behavior therapists, and a prominent learning theorist. Harris proposes possible causes for these distortions and analyzes the Albert study as an example of myth making in the history of psychology. Studies of this kind may be regarded a special kind of reception history (how Watson's paper was received). It may also be regarded as a kind of critical history (opposed to ceremonial history of psychology, cf. Harris, 1980). Such studies are important for source criticism in revealing the bias introduced by referring to classical studies.

title: Preston Watson

text: Only after being pressured by Gibbs-Smith after first making his claims in 1953 did James Watson admit that the aircraft Preston flew in 1903 was a glider. Prior to this admission, there was never any mention of a Watson built glider, neither by James, the eyewitnesses James presented in support of his original claim, nor significantly, by Preston Watson himself.[2][7][8]

title: Preston Watson

text: Preston Watson's achievements, although not spectacular are today regarded with scepticism because of the erroneous claims of powered-flight-before-the-Wrights in the summer of 1903 that originated from his younger brother James. According to Alistair W. Blair and Alistair Smith in The pioneer flying achievements of Preston Watson, James Watson began collating information on the claim in a letter to the Science Museum, London dated 21 October 1949. In the 15 December 1953 issue of the Manchester Guardian newspaper, James had an article published referencing the claim, although it wasn't the first public acknowledgement of it. Following this, James Watson approached the Royal Aeronautical Society via a joint dinner with the Royal Aero Club at the Dorchester Hotel, London, commemorating 50 years since the Wright Brothers' first powered flight on 17 December 1903, with evidence, including photographs and eye-witness accounts that Preston Watson flew a powered aeroplane before the Wright Brothers.[2] A further article appeared in the February 1954 issue of Aeronautics magazine titled The Watson History, in which James Watson re-iterated his claim, although the magazine's editor cautiously advised readers that; "we would say that we are not convinced that Preston Watson can upset existing priority claims for controlled and sustained flight".[2]

title: Little Albert experiment

text: Critical reading of Watson and Rayner's (1920) report reveals little evidence either that Albert developed a rat phobia or even that animals consistently evoked his fear (or anxiety) during Watson and Rayner's experiment. It may be useful for modern learning theorists to see how the Albert study prompted subsequent research [...] but it seems time, finally, to place the Watson and Rayner data in the category of "interesting but uninterpretable" results.


query: When did the Moors first invade Spain?

title: Moors

text: In 711, troops mostly formed by Moors from northern Africa led the Umayyad conquest of Hispania. The Iberian peninsula then came to be known in Classical Arabic as al-Andalus, which at its peak included most of Septimania and modern-day Spain and Portugal.

title: Province of Badajoz

text: The province enjoyed great prominence during the Roman empire when Mérida was made one of the capital cities. When the Visigoth period ended and the Moors had invaded Spain, the Ibn-al-Aftas dynasty established a great cultural and scientific centre in the province. Many of the explorers who set out to conquer the New World under Alfonso IX were from this province.

title: Tabby concrete

text: Tabby's origin is uncertain. There is evidence that North African Moors brought a predecessor form of tabby to Spain when they invaded that kingdom: a form of tabby is used in Morocco today and some tabby structures survive in Spain, though in both instances the aggregate is granite, not oyster shells.

title: Slavery in Spain

text: The Moors often served as slaves in Christian Spain. These slaves were captured from Muslim Spain and North Africa and imported into the Christian section of the Iberian peninsula. When the Moors were forcibly evicted from Spain, in 1610, Moor slaves were allowed to stay, however, they were forced to convert to Christianity. Spain's Moorish slave population was eventually freed in the early 18th century.

title: Coín

text: The town was ruled by the Moors and the Romans, with the Moors invading and controlling the town from 929 AD until 1485, when the Christians looted and retook control of Coín.

title: Aspe Valley

text: The region has been invaded by many groups through its history: Moors, Romans, Germanic tribes, as well as kingdoms in Spain. In 1620, the sovereign state of Béarn, in which the valley was located, was annexed by the kingdom of France. During the Peninsular War in 1808, the troops of Napoleon passed through the valley while invading Spain.

title: Bruce Lee

text:
It was at the 1964 championships that Lee first met Taekwondo master Jhoon Goo Rhee. The two developed a friendship – a relationship from which they benefited as martial artists. Rhee taught Lee the side kick in detail, and Lee taught Rhee the "non-telegraphic" punch.
Lee appeared at the 1967 Long Beach International Karate Championships and performed various demonstrations, including the famous "unstoppable punch" against USKA world Karate champion Vic Moore. Lee allegedly told Moore that he was going to throw a straight punch to the face, and all he had to do was to try to block it. Lee took several steps back and asked if Moore was ready. When Moore nodded in affirmation, Lee glided towards him until he was within striking range. He then threw a straight punch directly at Moore's face, and stopped before impact. In eight attempts, Moore failed to block any of the punches. However, Moore and grandmaster Steve Mohammed claim that Lee had first told Moore that he was going to throw a straight punch to the body, which Moore blocked. Lee attempted another punch, and Moore blocked it as well. The third punch, which Lee threw to Moore's face, did not come nearly within striking distance. Moore claims that Lee never successfully struck Moore but Moore was able to strike Lee after trying on his own. Moore further claims that Bruce Lee said he was the fastest American he's ever seen and that Lee's media crew repeatedly played the one punch towards Moore's face that did not come within striking range, allegedly in an attempt to preserve Lee's superstar image. However, when viewing the video of the demonstration, it is clear that Mohammed and especially Moore were erroneous in their claims.

title: Uthman

text: Some Muslim sources claim that after the conquest of northern Africa was complete by Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, Abdullah ibn Sa'd continued the conquest to Spain. Spain was first invaded some sixty years earlier during the caliphate of Uthman. Other prominent Muslim historians like, Ibn Kathir, have also quoted the same narration. In the description of this campaign, during which North Africa was conquered by Abdullah ibn Saad, two of his generals, Abdullah ibn Nafiah ibn Husain, and Abdullah ibn Nafi' ibn Abdul Qais, were commissioned to invade the coastal areas of Spain by sea aided by a Berber force. They succeeded in conquering the coastal areas of Al-Andalus. It is not known where the Muslim force landed, what resistance they met, and what parts of Spain they actually conquered. However, it is clear that the Muslims did conquer some portion of Spain during the caliphate of Uthman, presumably establishing colonies on its coast. On this occasion, Uthman is reported to have addressed a letter to the invading force:

title: Weapon dance

text: Similar to the Moor-Christian confrontation of the "morisca"—whether in Spain or in transplanted versions in Central America—there are also elaborate ritual dances in Mexico such as the "Danza de la Pluma" that exploit the trauma of the Spanish conquest of indigenous America. Weapons employed may be swords (and shields) whips, even firearms. These representations take place over a large area of Mesoamerica and, in part, are an obvious adaptation of Spanish tradition, but in Mexico will pit the native Aztec against the Spanish invader. The most interesting aspect of these dances is that—depending on where one sees them and under what conditions—it is plausible to read into the dances an outcome other than the historical Spanish victory. That is, indigenous performers may take inspiration from the fact that the natives of Spain drove out the Moorish invaders; thus, the natives of Mesoamerica, too, shall one day drive out the invaders.

title: Arabs in Europe

text: After the Moors lost control of Spain, King Philip II made treaties with them allowing them to practice their religion if they gave up their sovereignty, signing the Treaty of Granada in 1491. The Catholic monarchs however, abrogated the treaties and threatened to expel the Moors if they did not become Christians. The Moors did so, but continued speaking Arabic, and using Aljamiado alphabet for spoken Spanish. Some followed Islam in secret (Crypto-Islam). They were later referred to as "Moriscos", Moors and their descendants who converted to Christianity rather than be expelled. Religious conversion was simply not enough for the Catholic monarchs. Phillip II implemented a policy to fully assimilate the Moriscos into the Christian Spanish population and eliminate Moorish and Arab culture from Spain. The Moriscos were forced to abandon their Arabic names and adopt a completely Hispanized heritage and give up their children to be educated by priests. Philip II also made speaking Arabic illegal in the kingdom, ordered all Arabic texts to be burned, and banned Moorish attire. After a failed revolt by Morisco leader Aben Humeya (or Ibn Umayyah) in 1568, the Christian monarchs expelled the Moriscos from Spain. Many of these Moriscos headed for North Africa, mainly in Morocco, where many of their descendants settled.

title: Roderick the Last of the Goths

text: Southey's story of Roderick originally described Pelayo as the hero of the story and his enemy, Roderick, last Visigoth king, as the villain. However, Roderick was portrayed a more sympathetic life as the story changed focus from the focus on Spain to the focus on the tragedy of Roderick. The Visigoths, original rulers of Spain, fall under the invading Moors, which was provoked by the rape of Florinda by Roderick. However, the fall of the Visigoths was also due to internal strife and political disorder. In particular, there was disorder with the ascension of Roderick to the Spanish throne, as Roderick attained it after his father, Theodofred, was blinded by his uncle Witiza. During this time, Pelayo, cousin to Roderick and whose father was killed by Witiza at the prompting of his traitorous mother Favila, fled for his life from Spain. When Roderick takes over, he defends Witiza and spares his other relatives, but the survivors along with Count Julian also aid the Moors in invading Spain.

title: Spaniards

text: The Romans arrived in the Iberian Peninsula during the Second Punic War in the 2nd century BC, and annexed it under Augustus after 200 years of war with the Celtic and Iberian tribes (from whom they copied the short sword known as "falcata"). As a result of Roman colonization, the majority of local languages, with the exception of Basque, stem from the Vulgar Latin. In the 5th century, the Visigoths (a Germanic tribe from central Europe) settled in modern-day Spain, dominating the Iberian Peninsula until 711, when the invading Moors defeated King Roderic. Following the eight century Christian Reconquista against the Moors, the modern Spanish state was formed with the union of the Kingdoms of Castille and Aragon, the conquest of the last Muslim Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the Canary Islands in the late 15th century. In the early 16th century the Kingdom of Navarre was also conquered. As Spain expanded its empire in the Americas, religious minorities in Spain such as Jews and Muslims were either converted or expelled and the Catholic church fiercely persecuted heresy during a period known as the Spanish Inquisition. A small number of Spaniards descend from converted Jewish and North Africans, as a result of the 800 years of Moorish occupation of Spain.

title: Fire Away (game)

text: 1984 saw the introduction of the Tandy "Cosmic 3000 Fire Away" game. Like the first two games, this was a licensed product from Gakken and thus it used the same basic styling as its fore bearers. Gakken marketed their game as "Galaxy Invader 2000". The tiers were reduced to six and included the missile station, a "barrier", and four invader zones. The points were also changed so that, tier depending, the player could earn 100, 200, or 300 points depending on where he or she hit the invader. Gone was the UFO. The player could only have 1 missile in flight on the board at one time but there were barriers which were destroyed when hit by invader bombs (much like Space Invaders) and these barriers would renew once a wave of invaders was destroyed. Unlike "Space Invaders", the player's missiles did not destroy the barrier. There were only two difficulty modes rather than three. To win, the player needed to achieve 10,000 points (which the game could display). The player lost when all three missile stations were destroyed. Unlike the previous games, the player did not lose when the invader reached the bottom of the screen. Akin to the popular arcade game Galaga, the invader would reappear at the top of the game screen and continue to attack. The game required four C batteries but could also use an AC adapter. Retail price was $39.95.

title: Barbastro

text: In 1064, Sancho Ramírez, King of Aragón, and his Frankish Christian forces, led by William VIII of Aquitaine and Le Bon Normand, invaded the city, which at the time was part of the emir of Zaragoza. This attack was known as the Siege of Barbastro. Contemporary sources state that 50,000 people died in the attack, but modern historians view this as an exaggeration since the whole population of the town did not exceed 2,000. The following year, however, it was reconquered by the Moors. In 1101 it was conquered by Peter I of Aragon, who made it a bishopric seat. Barbastro since then followed the history of Aragon and Spain.

title: Ronald D. Moore

text: Moore's directorial debut was scheduled to be the first episode of "Battlestar Galactica" following the final season's mid-season cliffhanger, which he would also have written. Though the writers' strike did halt production on the fourth season of "Battlestar Galactica", work did resume and the show concluded on March 20, 2009. When the Writers Guild began their strike, Moore felt it was inappropriate to continue to communicate to fans using the "official" blog he maintained on the Scifi Channel website. As a result, he chose to start a personal website and blog, rondmoore.com, so that he could continue to freely comment on the situation without violating the terms of his membership in the Writers Guild. When the strike ended, Moore continued his commentary via his personal web site and blog.

title: Count Julian (novel)

text: The book is anti-patriotic, anti-Catholic, and anti-Spanish, at least of Spain as it viewed and celebrated itself during the Francoist State. (Until Francisco Franco's death in 1975, the novel could not be published in Spain.) The Roman philosopher Seneca, a national hero, is singled out for particularly harsh criticism and satire. In an amusement park the narrator enters a large model of the vagina of Isabel la Católica, Spain's most Catholic queen. He delights in Don Julián's facilitating the rape of Spanish virgins by the invading Moors. At one point he considers how to infect the whole country with syphilis. The protagonist, who lives in Morocco (as did Goytisolo), seeks revenge on Spain, the country that cast him out, by destroying its literature, religion, cultural beliefs, myths, and language.

title: When the Moors Ruled in Europe

text: When The Moors Ruled In Europe is a documentary movie presented by the English historian Bettany Hughes. It is a two-part series on the contribution the Moors made to Europe during their 700-year reign in Spain and Portugal ending in the 15th century. It was first broadcast on Channel 4 Saturday 5 November 2005. and was filmed in the Spanish region of Andalusia, mostly in the cities of Granada, Cordoba and the Moroccan city of Fes.

title: Old Moore's Almanac

text: In 1764, an almanac called "The Irish Merlin" burst onto the scene. It was published by Theophilus Moore, known henceforth to generations of Irish people as “Old Moore.” But when it was first published, this almanac did not bear the compiler's name, but it was indeed the first "Old Moore's Almanac". There was a good reason why Theophilus did not put his name to the "Irish Merlin". At the time, the Catholic faith was actively being quashed, and Theophilus, a convinced Catholic, wanted to publish anonymously so he could be free to be completely Catholic in the "Irish Merlin", without attracting undue attention from authorities to his entrepreneurial efforts.

title: Vandalic language

text: Very little is known about the Vandalic language other than various phrases and a small number of personal names of Vandalic origin, mainly known from documents and personal names in Spanish. The regional name Andalusia is believed to be derived from the Vandals, according to the traditional view. When the Moors invaded and occupied Spain from the 8th century to the end of the 15th, the region was called "Al-Andalus".

title: Samuel Moore (Quaker leader)

text: When Joseph Hoag, the well-known Quaker preacher from New York and New England, visited the Canadian Maritimes in 1801 and 1802, he stayed with Moore's family, and took Samuel with him on his journeys. In his journal, Hoag recorded that Moore "made an agreeable companion." Between excursions, he stayed in the Moore home, and reported that the Quaker meetings "were held half the time at Samuel Moore's." Hoag recorded that when he became quite sick, he convalesced at the Moore home for the first three months of 1802, and "was brought near the grave" but did recover and returned to the United States on April 23 of that year.

title: Christian Moore

text: Christian Moore and Owen Seyler were recent college graduates when they were rooming together in 1994. Moore was working on the design of what was at first a set of miniature rules, and formed the game company Last Unicorn Games with Seyler, Greg Ormand, and Bernie Cahill to publish the game. Instead of a miniatures game, Moore's game eventually became a new roleplaying game, "" (1994), and was the initial fantasy game produced by Last Unicorn. Moore, Seyler, and new employee Ross Isaacs did the initial work on the "Icon" system for the "" (1998). Moore was an old friend of Peter Adkison, and when Last Unicorn was having financial troubles, Wizards of the Coast purchased the company in July 2000. Last Unicorn was still led by Moore when Decipher, Inc. purchased Last Unicorn in 2001. Moore aided George Vasilakos and M. Alexander Jurkat with the "Buffy the Vampire Slayer Roleplaying Game" (2002). Moore and Seyler later worked for Upper Deck.

title: Spain during World War II

text: Although it sought to avoid entering the war, Spain did make plans for defence of the country. Initially, the mass of the Spanish army was stationed in southern Spain in case of an Allied attack from Gibraltar during 1940 and 1941. However, Franco ordered the divisions to gradually redeploy in the mountains along the French border in case of a possible German invasion of Spain as Axis interest in Gibraltar grew. By the time it became clear that the Allies were gaining the upper hand in the conflict, Franco had amassed all his troops on the French border and received personal assurances from the leaders of Allied countries that they did not wish to invade Spain.

title: The Town That Dreaded Sundown

text: In 1978, Mark Melton Moore, the brother of real-life victim Polly Ann Moore, took Pierce to court for $1.3 million for invading his privacy. He claimed his sister, who was portrayed as "Emma Lou Cook" in the film, was depicted "as a high school dropout and a woman with loose and low morals; when in fact none of such was true." In real life, Polly Ann Moore graduated high school at the age of 16. The court denied his claim in 1979. Mr. Moore filed again in 1980 to the Texas Supreme Court. The Sixth Court of Civil Appeals in Texarkana agreed again that the film's producers did not invade his privacy and that he was not entitled to any money.

title: Spanish Inquisition

text: The Spanish Inquisition (Inquisición Española) can be interpreted as a response to the multi-religious nature of Spanish society following the reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim Moors. After invading in 711, large areas of the Iberian Peninsula were ruled by Muslims until 1250, when they were restricted to Granada, which fell in 1492. However, the Reconquista did not result in the total expulsion of Muslims from Spain, since they, along with Jews, were tolerated by the ruling Christian elite. Large cities, especially Seville, Valladolid and Barcelona, had significant Jewish populations centered in Juderia, but in the coming years the Muslims were increasingly subjugated by alienation and torture.

title: Florinda (painting)

text: The picture depicts the legend of King Roderic of Spain spying on Florinda la Cava and the other palace girls while they bathe in a garden in Toledo, in order to decide the fairest. After Roderic selects and courts Florinda, her father takes revenge by inviting the Moors to invade and conquer Spain. A replica of the painting was given to Prince Albert by Queen Victoria in 1852.

title: World War II by country

text: Spain did make plans for defence of the country. Initially, the mass of the Spanish army was stationed in southern Spain in case of Allied attack from Gibraltar during 1940 and 1941. However, Franco ordered the divisions to gradually redeploy in the Pyrenees as Axis interest in Gibraltar grew. By the time it became clear that the Allies were gaining the upper hand, Franco had amassed all his troops on the French border and was assured that the Allies did not wish to invade Spain.

title: Santo Toribio de Liébana

text: According to tradition, this relic is part of the True Cross that the Empress Saint Helena unearthed in Jerusalem. From there, Saint Turibius of Astorga, Custodian of the Holy Places, took it to the cathedral of his hometown in Astorga, Spain, where he was soon made bishop. When the Moors invaded Spain in 711, the relic was hidden along with others in a fold on Mount Viorna in the Liebana Valley, next to St. Turibius' relics. Both relics were eventually transferred to the monastery that immediately became an important place to be visited by pilgrims on their way to Santiago de Compostela. Documents dated 1507 state that, "since time immemorial" the Jubilee is celebrated every time the saint's feast-day falls on a Sunday.

title: Alquerque

text: In "Board and Table Games from Many Civilizations", R. C. Bell writes that "when the Moors invaded Spain they took El-quirkat with them". Rules are included in "Libro de los juegos" ("Book of games") commissioned by Alfonso X of Castile in the 13th century.

title: Fort Charles (Jamaica)

text:
Fort Charles was built in 1655.
In 1654, Jamaica was under Spanish control and Spain was at war with England. Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, sent an expedition to invade the Spanish island Hispaniola. When the expedition failed, its leaders did not want to return home in shame. They turned their attention to capturing Jamaica, which was poorly defended. The buccaneer Henry Morgan was a member of the invading force led by Penn and Venables. By May 1655, the English gained control of the island, and began construction of Fort Cromwell to defend their new acquisition.

title: Real Audiencia of Manila

text: The Audiencia did assume responsibility for the defense of the Philippines on many occasions, such as in 1607, when it maintained the defense of Manila and Cavite against the Dutch, or between 1762 and 1764, when Oidor Simón de Anda y Salazar assumed military power on behalf of the Audiencia, organizing and maintaining a defense against the British who had invaded Manila, a move that was later approved by the King of Spain.

title: Deacon John Moore

text:
Moore had his first taste of acting 1987 by appearing in the horror film "Angel Heart". Moore did not appear on the big screen again until 2013 when he had a cameo in another horror film,
"The Last Exorcism Part II". Moore also guest starred in a few episodes of "Treme" during 2010.


query: What are basketball's made out of?

title: Basketball (ball)

text: Nearly all basketballs have an inflatable inner rubber bladder, generally wrapped in layers of fiber and then covered with a surface made either from leather (traditional), rubber, or a synthetic composite. As in most inflatable balls, there is a small opening that allows the pressure to be increased or decreased.

title: Basketball sleeve

text: A basketball sleeve, like the wristband, is an accessory that some basketball players wear. Made out of nylon and spandex, it extends from the biceps to the wrist. It is sometimes called a shooter sleeve or an arm sleeve.

title: Kelvin Sampson

text: Sampson was born in the Lumbee Indian community of Deep Branch in Robeson County, North Carolina, where he excelled in the classroom and the athletic arena during his prep days at Pembroke High School, in Pembroke, North Carolina. Sampson was captain of his high school basketball team for two years, and played for his father John W. "Ned" Sampson. His father was also one of the 500 Lumbee Native Americans who made national news by driving the Ku Klux Klan out of Maxton, North Carolina in what is annually celebrated by the Lumbee as the Battle of Hayes Pond. Later he played at Pembroke State University (now UNC Pembroke), concentrating on basketball and baseball. The point guard was team captain for the Braves as a senior and earned four letters in basketball and three in baseball. He earned Dean's List recognition throughout his collegiate career and received the Gregory Lowe Memorial Award as the school's outstanding physical education major his senior year.

title: NCAA basketball tournament selection process

text: Both CBS and ESPN send camera crews to schools around the nation to capture the teams' (and occasionally fans') reactions during the moment when they find out what seed they received or if they made the tournament at all. Once the teams are announced, the teams and their fans begin to make game plan and travel preparations. Additionally, millions of college basketball fans begin to fill in their brackets, usually as part of March Madness pools conducted through websites, gambling-related contests, or simply through a group of family members, friends, or co-workers.

title: Joe Arenas

text:
Arenas did not play football in high school and did not become involved in football under after he was discharged from the military. He later recalled that his introduction to football began after a night of carousing: "We were out partying one night, and my mom said, 'What are you going to do with your life?' That hit me — 'What am I going to do.' I said I was going to school, and from that day forward, I prepared myself to go play basketball for the University of Nebraska. And, by God, I
made it." He began his college career playing basketball for the Nebraska Cornhuskers, but he transferred to the University of Nebraska-Omaha, then known as Omaha University, so that he could play football. He played college football at Omaha from 1947 to 1950. He was chosen as the most valuable player on Omaha's 1948 football team. During the 1949 season he led Omaha in both rushing and passing yards. Arenas opened the 1950 football season by throwing three touchdown passes in a 33-7 win over Nebraska Wesleyan. Arenas also played basketball at Omaha; he was the team's second leading scorer in 1950 with 144 points on 56 field goals and 32 free throws in 23 games.

title: Nelson Morales (basketball)

text: Aside from having a woeful season from the free-throw line during 1967, (he made only 38 of 171 attempts for an average of 22 percent free throws made) the 1967 BSN season turned out to be the best, statistically speaking, of Morales' 9 seasons at Puerto Rico's top professional basketball league, as he averaged 13.7 points per game, with 4.3 rebounds and 3.2 assists per game, all career highs for the young basketball player.

title: David Padgett

text: Padgett committed to the University of Kansas in 2003 in Roy Williams' last season as the head coach. He decided to remain at Kansas after Williams left for the University of North Carolina and Bill Self became the head coach. His most memorable moment at Kansas came when he made the game winning shot in an 84-82 victory against Missouri in what turned out to be the last basketball game at the Hearnes Center.

title: Iceland men's national under-20 basketball team

text:
The Icelandic men's national under-20 basketball team is the representative for Iceland in international Under-20 age basketball competitions, and it is organized and run by the Icelandic Basketball Federation. The team represents Iceland at the FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
It competed in the 2017 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship where the team made it to the final eight before bowing out against Israel.

title: Noli Eala

text: However, when the basketball crisis happened in April 2005, Eala sided with the Philippine Olympic Committee, instead of the heavily criticized BAP. Eala also made the constitution for the proposed new basketball body, known as Pilipinas Basketball. As it turned out, the BAP and Pilipinas Basketball were instead ordered by the FIBA to merge into a new body called the Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas, of which Eala is a member.

title: Lifetime Products

text: In 1972, Lifetime Product’s founder, Barry Mower, set out to make a sturdier basketball pole for his backyard. He purchased a small length of heavy-duty used pipe, a piece of plywood, and a basketball rim, and built his own basketball standard. Seeing the potential in what he had constructed, he placed an ad in the local classifieds and made his first sale.

title: Washington University Bears

text:
Coaching Awards:
Women's basketball has claimed the NCAA Women's Division III Basketball Championship a total of five times (more than any other school), including 2010, and won four consecutive national titles from 1998–2001, during which time they established what was then the longest winning streak in NCAA women's basketball history, at 81 games. On March 20, 2010, WashU defeated Hope College 65–59 in the 2010 national championship game. Women's basketball has made the championship game four out of five years between 2007 and 2011, losing to DePauw University in 2007 (55-52) and in 2009 losing to George Fox University by the final score of 65-53. In 2011 the Bears failed to repeat as champions when they fell in the championship game 64-55 to Amherst College Women's basketball won the DIII championship four straight seasons from 1999-2001. The team was coached by Nancy Fahey from 1986-2017. In addition to the 5 National Championships under Fahey, the Bears have appeared in the NCAA DIII National Tournament 28 straight seasons from 1990-2017. The Bears reached the tournament in 1988 and missed making it in 1989 before starting the current streak.

text: The Basketball Bundesliga Most Improved Player was an award that was handed out yearly to the player who made the most progress in the regular season of the Basketball Bundesliga. The first time the award was handed out was in 2003, the first winner was Philip Zwiener. Since the 2015–16 season, the award is not handed out any more.

title: On the bubble

text: To be considered "on the bubble", you must be waiting to find out if a player or team has made the final spots in a tournament or on any given sports team roster. On the bubble is most commonly associated with the Men's college basketball or Women's college basketball for the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship. When you are considered to be on the bubble in the NBA or NFL it means you are being considered for one of the last few positions on the roster. For those NCAA tournament the teams that are on the bubble, their names are usually released by ESPN College Basketball; with the list being updated every few days. The table that ESPN releases consists of eight teams with four of them being in the Last Four In and the First Four teams out of the tournament. Many College Basketball teams pay very close attention to the Bubble in late February and early March right before the NCAA tournament begins.

title: Homosexuality in college sports

text: Jesse Taylor is a basketball player at Dakota Wesleyan University. He is South Dakota's first openly gay college level basketball player. As a Catholic, young, small-town boy, Taylor was taught that being homosexual was a sin and witnessed how the LGBT community was poorly treated. He has recalled how he also became homophobic while growing up, to overcome his homosexual feelings, and to avoid giving his peers the impression that he was gay. Taylor dedicated hard work to basketball, football, and track as ways to suppress what he was hiding. "For most people, these sound like great high school experiences and accomplishments, but none of those accomplishments made me feel that great about myself. Breaking a record didn't cover up the fact that I couldn't accept who I was." Taylor went through many personal struggles that kept him thinking that he would never come out to anyone, and go on to marry a woman, until, "Toward the end of my freshman year I realized that I was never going to fall in love with a girl. For the first time in my life... I was ok with that. I knew my attractions to men were natural, and there was nothing I could do about it. For the first time in my life, I wasn't ashamed. This was just another unique thing about me that doesn't define Jesse." After first coming out to his sister, Taylor then came out to him parents, then family and friends, and has stated that all their reactions were positive. The next group of people Taylor had to tell was his teammates. He has said that all their reactions were positive. "Before coming out to anyone on the team, I was trapped in my own thoughts. I was constantly worried about what my teammates would think. I was never able to fully focus in practice or games; there was always the constant fear in the back of my mind that someone on the team might find out. I thought my teammates would treat me differently and think less of me."

title: Micah Lancaster

text:
Lancaster then focused on personal basketball training. The training system is combination of online individual workouts and gym workouts at centers across the United States with certified trainers teaching Micah's basketball curriculum.
Micah specializes in "skill development" training, which he repeatedly states is not what a player's entire training regimen should consist of, but that it definitely deserves attention in his or her game. Micah encourages players to learn as many different ways to train, so that they may figure out what works best for them as a unique individual. I'm Possible utilizes innovative tools to make basketball training more game like and realistic, such as rip cones, med balls, and foams rollers.

title: Raycom Sports

text: Two years later, Raycom made what would prove to be its biggest splash when it teamed up with Jefferson-Pilot Communications to take over production of ACC basketball games. The package had begun in 1957 when Greensboro businessman C. D. Chesley piped North Carolina's run to the 1957 national title to a hastily created network of five stations across North Carolina. It proved popular enough that it expanded to a full-time package of basketball games the following season. Chesley retained the rights to ACC games until 1980, when the conference bought him out and sold the rights to MetroSports of Rockville, Maryland. Some ACC games were telecast by Raycom alone in 1980 through four or five television stations in North Carolina, including WCCB.

title: Erica Wheeler (basketball)

text: Erica Wheeler (born May 2, 1991) is an American professional women's basketball guard for the Indiana Fever of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). Wheeler was undrafted out of Rutgers, but eventually made her way into the WNBA in 2015.

title: All-Pro Basketball League Teams

text: The All-Pro Basketball League Teams are annual selections made of the best five offensive and defensive players in a given Pro Basketball League (PBL) season. The selection was first made in the 2017–18 season and awards were handed out during the first Belgian Basketball Awards show, held on 22 May 2018 in Lint, Antwerp.

title: Dyshawn Pierre

text: Coming out of college, Pierre made the summer league roster of the Indiana Pacers. In late August 2016, he signed his first overseas contract with Basketball Löwen Braunschweig of the German Basketball Bundesliga. Grabbing 7.9 boards a contest, he led the German league in rebounding in the 2016-17 season and also averaged 14.9 points per outing.

title: 2014 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game

text: Connecticut scored first, and got out to a quick start, in what "USA Today" described as "a physical, ugly game". Ryan Boatright and Shabazz Napier combined to score 12 points for an early 19–10 lead. Napier scored five more points as Connecticut jumped out to a 30–15 lead with six minutes to go in the half. Kentucky's James Young made a three pointer and then, Aaron Harrison followed up with the steal-and-dunk to cut the Connecticut lead to 30–20. The Wildcats switched to a zone on defense, which slowed down Connecticut's offensive attacks. Young and Harrison each made a three-pointer to cut the Connecticut lead to 33–26. Kentucky continued the comeback as Julius Randle and Marcus Lee each made baskets in the last minute of the first half to cut the Connecticut lead to 35–31 at the half.

title: Baltimore Bayrunners

text: The Baltimore Bayrunners were a professional basketball team in the International Basketball League (IBL) from 1999 to 2000. The Bayrunners were the first professional basketball team in Baltimore, Maryland since the Bullets re-located to Washington, D.C. in 1973. The Memphis franchise of the former American Basketball Association had intended to move to Baltimore for what turned out to be that league's final season, 1975–76, but then folded without playing a game in Baltimore. The Bayrunners were owned in-part by Baltimore Orioles third baseman Cal Ripken.

title: 1972 Olympic Men's Basketball Final

text: With regard to the resulting questions of whether he had ever actually made a proper time-out signal, Kondrashin claimed to have later seen a film of the events that he said showed the light bulb illuminating, as well as an official at the scorer's table nodding toward him in apparent recognition of the request. Regarding what happened next and his choice of when to take the requested time-out, Kondrashin said that the officials at the scorer's table "wanted to give me the time-out before the first free throw; of course I refused." However, Hans Tenschert, the game's official scorekeeper, later blamed the Soviet coaches, claiming that they mishandled their signaling device and were therefore late in pressing it.

title: Midnight Madness (basketball)

text: As of 2006, the University of Kentucky held the record for attendance at this type of sports rally with an attendance of 23,312 at Rupp Arena. Kentucky has sold out Rupp Arena multiple times for what they call "Big Blue Madness" and in the 2008–09 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball season fans had to camp out in lines for days in advance to obtain tickets.

title: What Made Milwaukee Famous (band)

text: The band's name comes from Jerry Lee Lewis's "What's Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made a Loser Out of Me)".

title: Basketball court

text: In basketball, the basketball court is the playing surface, consisting of a rectangular floor with baskets at either end. In professional or organized basketball, especially when played indoors, it is usually made out of a wood, often maple, and highly polished and completed with a 10 foot rim. Outdoor surfaces are generally made from standard paving materials such as concrete or asphalt.

title: Georgia Bulldogs basketball

text: The 1987 Georgia basketball team suffered injury after injury after injury leaving the team with only seven players available. Coach Hugh Durham had no choice but to alter the playing style of his team after conference play had started, slowing the game down and "taking the air out of the ball." What looked to be a disastrous season, where the team might not win another game, turned into an inspiring one as the team rallied to an 18–12 (10–8) record and earning an NCAA tournament bid. When Durham ordered the NCAA tournament banner to be displayed at Stegeman Coliseum, he had it made in silver, rather than the traditional red, with the initials "TMW" at the bottom. The initials standing for what this team will forever be known as in UGA basketball history, "The Miracle Workers."

title: NBA 2K17

text: Matt Whittaker from "Hardcore Gamer" scored the game a 4.5 out of 5, writing: "Calling "NBA 2K17" the greatest basketball game ever made almost feels redundant, since 2K and Visual Concepts puts out a wonderfully polished product year after year. With a renewed focus on tangible gameplay improvements and general realism, this year’s iteration of the longstanding franchise feels like the best yet. Being able to execute more accurate dribble moves and jump shots is fantastic on its own, but hearing engaging and varied commentary at the same time makes the entire experience feel fantastic. MyCareer remains a wonderful way to live [out] your NBA fantasy and MyGM mode has enough depth to keep players coming back for months on end. Aside from what’s actually in the package, the greatest thing about "NBA 2K17" is that it proves that Visual Concepts and 2K have no intention to grow complacent in their quest for the perfect basketball video game."

text: "What's Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made a Loser Out of Me)" is a song written by Glenn Sutton. The song's title is a reference to beer, specifically Schlitz beer, which for many years was advertised with the slogan, "The beer that made Milwaukee famous."

title: Kate Fagan

text: In 2014, Fagan authored "The Reappearing Act: Coming Out as Gay on a College Basketball Team Led by Born-Again Christians" through Skyhorse Publishing. The memoir chronicles Fagan's experiences on the Colorado women's basketball team. Her second book, "What Made Maddy Run," about Madison Holleran, a University of Pennsylvania track and field athlete who took her own life in 2014, was released on August first, 2017. Her book delves into the pressure young women face in regards to social media, specifically Instagram. She brings to light the disparities between Holleran's depressive reality, and the fun and filtered photos that she posted on Instagram.

text: The Texas band What Made Milwaukee Famous takes its name from this song.

title: Gary Wilkinson (basketball)

text: Scott Powers, in a profile of Wilkinson for "ESPN The Magazine", commented: "...the fact he's 26-years-old, dropped out of high school after never playing basketball there, found God, spent two years in Canada on a mission, is married and is the lone senior on the 25-2 nationally ranked Aggies is what "really" separates him from every other elite college basketball player."