query: Where was German philosopher Martin Heidegger born?

title: Martin Heidegger

text: Heidegger was born in rural Meßkirch, Baden-Württemberg, the son of Johanna (Kempf) and Friedrich Heidegger.[21] Raised a Roman Catholic, he was the son of the sexton of the village church that adhered to the First Vatican Council of 1870, which was observed mainly by the poorer class of Meßkirch. His family could not afford to send him to university, so he entered a Jesuit seminary, though he was turned away within weeks because of the health requirement and what the director and doctor of the seminary described as a psychosomatic heart condition. Heidegger was short and sinewy, with dark piercing eyes. He enjoyed outdoor pursuits, being especially proficient at skiing.[22]

title: The Ister (film)

text: "The Ister" was inspired by a 1942 lecture course delivered by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger, published in 1984 as "Hölderlins Hymne «Der Ister»". Heidegger's lecture course concerns a poem by the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin about the Danube River.

title: Delfim Santos

text: By mid-1937 he returned to Portugal for a short leave and was summoned to take the position of Portuguese Language Lecturer at the Luso-Brazilian Institute of the University of Berlin, a position he was actively seeking in order to become familiar with phenomenology. In the German capital he attended regularly the philosophical seminar of Nicolai Hartmann while getting also acquainted with some prominent Martin Heidegger's disciples like . Delfim Santos was among the first to introduce Martin Heidegger to a Portuguese audience in his 1938 essay "Heidegger and Hölderlin or the Essence of Poetry" ("Heidegger e Hölderlin ou a Essência da Poesia"). Meanwhile, Delfim received his PhD in 1940 from Coimbra University presenting a thesis on "Knowledge and Reality" ("Conhecimento e Realidade"), and returned to Berlin where he was to remain until 1942, the year in which he permanently resettled in Portugal.

title: Philosopher

text: Important German philosophers and social thinkers included Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Martin Heidegger.

title: Richard M. Capobianco

text: Richard M. Capobianco is an American philosophy professor and one of the leading commentators on the thought of the 20th century German philosopher Martin Heidegger. His two books, "Engaging Heidegger" and "Heidegger's Way of Being", have led the way to a renewed appreciation of Heidegger's core concern with Being as temporal radiant emergence or manifestation. He has also brought Heidegger into closer proximity with American authors such as Walt Whitman, Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Muir, and E. E. Cummings, and with English poets such as William Wordsworth and Gerard Manley Hopkins.

title: Zollikon Seminars

text: The Zollikon Seminars were a series of philosophical seminars delivered between 1959 and 1969 by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger at the home of Swiss psychiatrist Medard Boss. The topic of the seminars was Heidegger's ontology and phenomenology as it pertained to the theory and praxis of medicine, psychology, psychiatry and psychotherapy. The protocols of the seminars, along with correspondences between Heidegger and Boss, were published in German in 1987 under the title "Zollikoner Seminare, Protokolle- Gersprache- Briefe Herausgegeben von Medard Boss". The English version of the text was published in 2001.

title: Carlin Romano

text: In the October 18, 2009 issue of "The Chronicle" in "Heil Heidegger!", citing Heidegger's well-known past Nazi affiliations, Romano was highly critical of Martin Heidegger's work and its continued acceptance amongst American academics and intellectuals. The article was a review of the publication in English of French philosopher ’s "Heidegger: The Introduction of Nazism into Philosophy in Light of the Unpublished Seminars of 1933–1935" (first published in 2005, in France), highly critical of Heidegger for the same reason. Romano called on librarians to stop stocking the collected works of the German philosopher, which appear under the term "Heidegger Gesamtausgabe". This controversial article renewed public dialogue about the relation between a person's politics and the merit of their work.

title: Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics

text: Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics () is a 1929 book about Immanuel Kant by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. It is often referred by Heidegger to simply as the "Kantbuch" ("Kantbook"). This book published as volume 3 of the "Gesamtausgabe".

title: Ahmad Fardid

text: Seyyed Ahmad Fardid () (Born in 1912, Yazd – 16 August 1994, Tehran), born Ahmad Mahini Yazdi, was a prominent Iranian philosopher and an inspiring and dedicated professor of Tehran University. He is considered to be among the philosophical ideologues of the Islamic government of Iran which came to power in 1979. Fardid was under the influence of Martin Heidegger, the influential German philosopher, whom he considered "the only Western philosopher who understood the world and the only philosopher whose insights were congruent with the principles of the Islamic Republic. These two figures, Khomeini and Heidegger, helped Fardid argue his position." What he decried was the anthropocentrism and rationalism brought by classical Greece, replacing the authority of God and faith with human reason, and in that regard he also criticized Islamic philosophers like al Farabi and Mulla Sadra for having absorbed Greek philosophy.

title: Vergangenheitsbewältigung

text: Adorno's lecture is often seen as consisting in part of a variably implicit and explicit critique of the work of Martin Heidegger, whose formal ties to the Nazi Party are well known. Heidegger, distinct from his role in the Party during the Third Reich, attempted to provide a historical conception of Germania as a philosophical notion of German origin and destiny (later he would speak of "the West"). Alexander Garcia Düttman's "Das Gedächtnis des Denkens. Versuch über Heidegger und Adorno" ("The Memory of Thought: An Essay on Heidegger and Adorno", translated by Nicholas Walker) attempts to treat the philosophical value of these seemingly opposed and certainly incompatible terms "Auschwitz" and "Germania" in the philosophy of both men.

title: Martin Heidegger and Nazism

text:
In his preface to Heidegger's "Zollikon Seminars", Medard Boss writes: "I made inquiries and Heidegger very clearly seemed to be the most slandered man I had ever encountered. He had become entangled in a network of lies by his colleagues. Most of the people, who were unable to do serious harm to the substance of Heidegger's thinking, tried to get at Heidegger the man with personal attacks. The only remaining puzzle was why Heidegger did not defend himself against these slanders publicly." Fédier comments on this point with Nietzsche's remark that "the philosopher has to be the bad conscience of his age." In 2015 Nils Gilje, professor of Philosophy at University of Bergen, said to media that "There is little that indicates that Heidegger defended the more or less official German racial politics".
In French

title: Martin Heidegger and Nazism

text: Commentators differ on whether these statements are evidence of a profound disregard for the fate of the Jews or rather, a recontextualization of their suffering in terms of the mechanization of life and death. The French Jewish philosopher Jean-Claude Milner once said: "It's a fact, as to gas chambers, the only proper philosophical sentence is by Heidegger [...] It is not satisfactory, but no one else did better." Heidegger's defenders have pointed to the deep ecology dimension of Heidegger's critique of technological "enframing" - i.e., that the way human beings relate to nature has a determining influence on the way we relate to one another. At least Heidegger does not say that the mechanization of agriculture and the extermination camps are equivalent, "the same thing" ("dasselbe") but "the same" ("das Selbe", a very strange turn of phrase in German), so only "in essence", but not in the technical or metaphysical meaning of identity. Heidegger explained during his lecture: "The same is never the equivalent ("das Gleiche"). The same is no more only the indistinctive coincidence of the identical. The same is rather the relation of the different."

title: Martin Heidegger

text: Beginning in 1917, German-Jewish philosopher Edmund Husserl championed Heidegger's work, and helped him secure the retiring Husserl's chair in Philosophy at the University of Freiburg.[112][113]

title: Hannah Arendt

text: Several authors have written biographies that focus on the relationship between Hannah Arendt and Martin Heidegger. In 1999, the French feminist philosopher Catherine Clément wrote a novel, "Martin and Hannah", speculating on the trianglular relationship between Heidegger and the two women in his life, Arendt and Heidegger's wife Elfriede Petri. In addition to the relationships, the novel is a serious exploration of philosophical ideas, that centers on Arendt's last meeting with Heidegger in Freiburg in 1975. The scene is based on Elisabeth Young-Bruehl's description in "Hannah Arendt: For Love of the World" (1982), but reaches back to their childhoods, and Heidegger's role in encouraging the relationship between the two women. The novel explores Heidegger's embrace of Nazism as a proxy for that of Germany and, as in Arendt's treatment of Eichmann, the difficult relationship between collective guilt and personal responsibility. Clément also brings Hannah's other mentor and confidante, Karl Jaspers, into the matrix of relationships.

title: Jean Grondin

text: Jean Grondin, (born August 27, 1955) is a Canadian philosopher and professor. He is a specialist in the thought of Immanuel Kant, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Martin Heidegger. His research focuses on hermeneutics, phenomenology, German classical philosophy and the history of metaphysics.

title: A. J. Ayer

text: Ayer was a strong critic of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. As a logical positivist Ayer was in conflict with Heidegger's proposed vast, overarching theories regarding existence. These he felt were completely unverifiable through empirical demonstration and logical analysis. This sort of philosophy was an unfortunate strain in modern thought. He considered Heidegger to be the worst example of such philosophy, which Ayer believed to be entirely useless.

title: David Farrell Krell

text: David Farrell Krell (born 1944), is an American philosopher. He is Professor Emeritus of philosophy at DePaul University. He received his Ph.D. in philosophy at Duquesne University, where he wrote his dissertation on Heidegger and Nietzsche. He has taught at many universities in Germany, France, and England. Specializing in Continental Philosophy, he has written many books on Heidegger and Nietzsche, including "Daimon Life: Heidegger and Life Philosophy" (1992), "Intimations of Mortality: Time, Truth, and Finitude in Heidegger's Thinking of Being" (1986), "The Good European: Nietzsche's Work Sites in Word and Image" (1997), and "Infectious Nietzsche" (1996). Additionally, Krell has written extensively about German Idealism, his books in this area include "The Tragic Absolute: German Idealism and the Languishing of God" (2005), and "Contagion: Sexuality, Disease, and Death in German Idealism and Romanticism" (Indiana, 1998). Krell has also translated Heidegger's lectures on Nietzsche, and was the editor of Heidegger's "Basic Writings" (1977). In a 2005 interview, Krell cited Jacques Derrida as a major influence on his work on Nietzsche.As Editor and Translator

title: Heidegger (disambiguation)

text: Martin Heidegger (1889–1976) was a German philosopher.

title: Günter Figal

text: Günter Figal (born July 15, 1949) is a German philosopher and professor of philosophy at University of Freiburg. He is a specialist in the thought of Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Martin Heidegger. His research focuses on hermeneutics, phenomenology, German classical philosophy and the history of metaphysics. Figal was the president of the Martin-Heidegger-Society between 2003 and 2015.

title: Martin Heidegger

text: Martin Heidegger (/ˈhaɪˌdɛɡər, ˈhaɪdɪɡər/;[12][13] German:[ˈmaɐ̯tiːn ˈhaɪdɛɡɐ];[14][12] 26 September 1889–26 May 1976) was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition and philosophical hermeneutics, and is "widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important philosophers of the 20th century."[6] Heidegger is best known for his contributions to phenomenology and existentialism, though as the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy cautions, "his thinking should be identified as part of such philosophical movements only with extreme care and qualification".[15] Heidegger's membership in and public support for the Nazi Party has been the subject of widespread controversy regarding the extent to which his Nazism influenced his philosophy.

title: Kah Kyung Cho

text: Kah Kyung Cho (born 1927) is a Korean-American philosopher. He specializes in phenomenology, hermeneutics, contemporary German philosophy, and East-West comparative philosophy. He has worked with continental philosophers such as Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer. He currently teaches at State University of New York. Cho's seminars have traditionally centered on discussions anchored in close textual and hermeneutical readings of works in the phenomenological tradition, including Heidegger's "Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics", "Being and Time," and Gadamer's "Truth and Method."

title: Frank Schalow

text: Frank Schalow (born February 23, 1956) is an American philosopher. He is known for his exegesis of Martin Heidegger's writings. He is a co-editor of, the journal "Heidegger Studies" and a professor of the University of New Orleans.

title: Jeff Malpas

text: Malpas is one of a handful of contemporary philosophers who have addressed the nature and philosophical significance of the concept of place. While Malpas draws on phenomenological and hermeneutic resources, his work in what he has termed ‘philosophical topography’ is also heavily indebted to analytic approaches in philosophy of mind and language. Malpas’ work is distinctive in its detailed conceptual analysis of topographical and spatial notions, for the methodological implications that it associates with the focus on place, and for its topographical analysis of self and identity (Malpas argues for an ‘externalist’ conception of self and mind, according to which human lives are indissolubly linked to the places in which those lives are lived). Malpas’s topographical approach has been developed in two volumes, "Place and Experience" (1999) and "Heidegger’s Topology" (2006) – the latter providing an analysis of the thought of German philosopher Martin Heidegger that is centred on the ideas of place and ‘topology’ (Heidegger himself talks of his thinking as a ‘topology of being’).

title: World disclosure

text: The phenomenon was described by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger in his landmark book "Being and Time." It has also been discussed by philosophers such as John Dewey, Jürgen Habermas, Nikolas Kompridis and Charles Taylor.

title: Todtnauberg

text: Todtnauberg is a German village in Black Forest ("Schwarzwald") belonging to the municipality of Todtnau, in Baden-Württemberg. It is named after the homonym mount ("berg" means hill or mountain in German). It is famous because it is the place where the German philosopher Martin Heidegger had a chalet and wrote portions of his major work, "Being and Time".

title: Richard Wolin

text: Richard Wolin (born 1952) is an American intellectual historian who writes on 20th Century European philosophy, particularly German philosopher Martin Heidegger and the group of thinkers known collectively as the Frankfurt School.

title: The Origin of the Work of Art

text: The Origin of the Work of Art () is an essay by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. Heidegger drafted the text between 1935 and 1937, reworking it for publication in 1950 and again in 1960. Heidegger based his essay on a series of lectures he had previously delivered in Zurich and Frankfurt during the 1930s, first on the essence of the work of art and then on the question of the meaning of a "thing," marking the philosopher's first lectures on the notion of art.

title: Martin Heidegger

text: The second intuition animating Heidegger's philosophy derives from the influence of Edmund Husserl, a philosopher largely uninterested in questions of philosophical history. Rather, Husserl argued that all that philosophy could and should be is a description of experience (hence the phenomenological slogan, "to the things themselves"). But for Heidegger, this meant understanding that experience is always already situated in a world and in ways of being. Thus Husserl's understanding that all consciousness is "intentional" (in the sense that it is always intended toward something, and is always "about" something) is transformed in Heidegger's philosophy, becoming the thought that all experience is grounded in "care". This is the basis of Heidegger's "existential analytic", as he develops it in Being and Time. Heidegger argues that describing experience properly entails finding the being for whom such a description might matter. Heidegger thus conducts his description of experience with reference to "Dasein", the being for whom Being is a question. In everyday German, "Dasein" means "existence." It is composed of "Da" (here/there) and "Sein" (being). Dasein is transformed in Heidegger's usage from its everyday meaning to refer, rather, to that being that is there in its world, that is, the being for whom being matters. In later publications Heidegger writes the term in hyphenated form as Da-sein, thus emphasizing the distance from the word's ordinary usage.

title: Michael E. Zimmerman

text: Zimmerman is a specialist concerning 20th century German philosopher Martin Heidegger and has published a number of books and peer-reviewed articles on Heidegger's work, and on other conventional philosophical topics.

title: Otto Pöggeler

text: Otto Pöggeler (12 December 1928 in Attendorn – 10 December 2014) was a German philosopher. He specialized in phenomenology and commenting on Heidegger. In 1963 he authored the acclaimed "Martin Heidegger’s Path of Thinking", one of the first rigorous attempts at tracing the development of Heidegger’s thought. He also published a study of poetry of Paul Celan, and was director of the Hegel Archive at the Ruhr University in Bochum.

title: Heidegger Gesamtausgabe

text: Heidegger Gesamtausgabe is the term for the collected works of German philosopher Martin Heidegger, edited by Vittorio Klostermann.


query: When did Carlos Salinas de Gortari serve as President of Mexico?

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Carlos Salinas de Gortari (Spanish pronunciation:[ˈkaɾlos saˈlinaz ðe ɣoɾˈtaɾi]; born 3 April 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as President of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. He is widely regarded as the most influential politician in Mexico over the last 30 years. Earlier in his career he worked in the Budget Secretariat eventually becoming Secretary. He was the PRI presidential candidate in 1988, and was declared elected on 6 July 1988 after a controversial electoral process and accusations of electoral fraud.[3]

title: Emiliano Salinas

text: Carlos Emiliano Salinas Occelli (born 1976) is a venture capitalist and businessman. He is the son of former Mexican president Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Salinas currently serves as vice president of Prorsus Capital.

title: Raúl Salinas de Gortari

text: Raúl Salinas de Gortari (born August 24, 1946) is a Mexican businessman who spent ten years in prison accused of the murder of his brother-in-law, José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, but was acquitted in 2005. He is the brother of former President of Mexico Carlos Salinas.

title: Miguel de la Madrid

text: Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (; December 12, 1934 – April 1, 2012) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 52nd President of Mexico from 1982 to 1988. During his presidency, de la Madrid introduced sweeping neoliberal economic policies in Mexico, beginning an era of market-oriented presidents in that country. His administration was criticized for its slow response to the 1985 Mexico City earthquake, and the handling of the controversial 1988 Presidential elections in which the PRI candidate Carlos Salinas de Gortari was declared winner, amid accusations of electoral fraud.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Salinas returned to Mexico in the late 1990s and has continued to influence Mexican politics since then.[11][12]

title: History of the Catholic Church in Mexico

text: The 1988 election in Mexico was a watershed event. For the first time there were three viable candidates for the presidency, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, an economist and technocrat from the dominant PRI; Manuel Clouthier, a charismatic figure of the PAN; and Cuauhtemoc Cárdenas, the son of President Lázaro Cárdenas, who split from the PRI to form a leftist coalition. The election was again widely seen to have fraudulent results, with Salinas winning, but with the smallest margin ever. Cárdenas and Clouthier and their supporters protested the election results, but Salinas took office in December 1988. Salinas transformed Church-State relations in Mexico during his term and the Vatican and the PAN became important players in that transformation.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: After years of economic growth, however, his last year in office saw the Zapatista uprising in January 1994 and the assassinations of Luis Donaldo Colosio (the PRI candidate for the 1994 presidential elections) and secretary-general of the PRI José Francisco Ruiz Massieu.[7] This surge of political violence led to economic uncertainty, and less than a month after Salinas left office, Mexico entered into the worst economic crisis of its history.[8][9] Shortly after, his brother Raúl Salinas de Gortari was arrested for ordering the assassination of Ruiz Massieu[10] and Carlos left the country for many years.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Salinas assumed the presidency on 1 December 1988 at the Legislative Palace of San Lázaro. There he took oath before the Congress of the Union presided by Socorro Díaz Palacios. Former president Miguel de la Madrid turned over the presidential sash and Salinas delivered his inaugural address. Salinas in 1991 visited United States to help convince the Illinois Governor, James R. Thompson to pardon four Mexican Citizens from a quadruple murder known as the Milwaukee Ave Massacre, that took place in 1981 in Chicago, Illinois. With the help of Carlos Salinas de Gortari the four men, Joaquin Varela, Rogelio Arroyo, Ignacio Varela, and Isauro Sanchez, had their sentences commuted, later pardoned by Governor Jim Edgar

title: Ernesto Zedillo

text: During his presidency, he faced the worst economic crisis in Mexico's history, which started only weeks after he took office. He distanced himself from his predecessor Carlos Salinas de Gortari, blaming his policies for the crisis (although President Zedillo himself did not deviate from the neoliberal policies of his two predecessors), and oversaw the arrest of his brother Raúl Salinas de Gortari. His administration was also marked, among other things, by renewed clashes with the EZLN and the Popular Revolutionary Army, the controversial implementation of Fobaproa to rescue the national banking system, a political reform which allowed residents of the Federal District (Mexico City) to elect their own mayor, and the Aguas Blancas and Acteal massacres perpetrated by State forces.

title: Max Appedole

text: Following President Carlos Salinas de Gortari's economic and political reforms, including NAFTA, Mexico was becoming an important player in the world economy. In 1995, the Zapatistas began a rebellion against the government. The Salinas government started immediate peace talks. In the last months of the Salinas administration, a wave of politically-motivated assassinations took place in Mexico. Victims included Cardinal Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo, front runner presidential candidate Colosio whom Zedillo replaced as the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate, José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, brother-in-law of President Salinas and PRI Secretary General.

title: Pedro Aspe

text: Pedro Carlos Aspe Armella (born on in Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican economist. He served as secretary of finance (1988 – 1994) in the cabinet of Carlos Salinas de Gortari, where he successfully renegotiated foreign debt, gave autonomy to the central bank and promoted a controversial privatization plan.

title: Enrique Salinas

text: Enrique Eduardo Guillermo Salinas de Gortari (November 15, 1952 – December 6, 2004) was the third of four brothers of former president of Mexico Carlos Salinas.

title: Mexico–Slovenia relations

text: Mexico recognized the newly independent Slovenia on 22 May 1992. Diplomatic relations were established on the same day when former Slovenian President Milan Kučan and former Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari exchanged official letters. In 1996, Mexico opened an honorary consulate in Ljubljana.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Salinas's book, print edition: Carlos Salinas de Gortari, México, un paso difícil a la modernidad (Mexico, a difficult step into modern times), Plaza & Janés, ISBN84-01-01492-1. Mexico under Salinas, Mexico Resource Center, Austin, TX, by Philip L. Russell. ISBN0-9639223-0-0.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Carlos Salinas was born 3 April 1948, the second son and one of five children of economist and government official Raúl Salinas Lozano and Margarita De Gortari De Salinas. Salinas's father served as President Adolfo López Mateos's minister of industry and commerce, but was passed over as the PRI's presidential candidate in favor of Gustavo Díaz Ordaz (1964–70). When Carlos Salinas was chosen the PRI's presidential candidate for the 1988 election, he told his father, "It took us more than 20 years, but we made it."[13]

title: Mexican peso crisis

text: With 1994 being the final year of his administration's sexenio (the country's six-year executive term limit), then-President Carlos Salinas de Gortari endorsed Luis Donaldo Colosio as the Institutional Revolutionary Party's (PRI) presidential candidate for the Mexico's 1994 general election. In accordance with party tradition during election years, Salinas de Gortari began an unrecorded spending spree. Mexico's current account deficit grew to roughly 7% of GDP that same year, and Salinas de Gortari allowed the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit, Mexico's treasury, to issue short-term peso-denominated treasury bills with a guaranteed repayment denominated in U.S. dollars, called ""tesobonos"". These bills offered a lower yield than Mexico's traditional peso-denominated treasury bills, called ""cetes"", but their dollar-denominated returns were more attractive to foreign investors.

title: Emiliano Salinas

text: Salinas is the son of Carlos Salinas de Gortari and wife Cecilia Occelli. Educated in Mexico, Switzerland, France and the USA, he is fluent in Spanish, English and French. He studied in the primary school division of the Liceo Mexicano Japonés in Mexico City.

title: Mexico City Metro Line A

text: Line A was inaugurated on August 12, 1991 by Carlos Salinas de Gortari, President of Mexico from 1988 to 1994, Manuel Camacho Solís, Head of the Federal District Department from 1988 to 1993, and Ignacio Pichardo Pagaza, Governor of the State of Mexico from 1989 to 1993.

title: Economic history of Mexico

text: The nuevo peso (new peso) was the result of hyperinflation in Mexico. In 1993, President Carlos Salinas de Gortari stripped three zeros from the peso, creating a parity of $1 new peso for $1000 of the old ones.

title: El circo (song)

text: The lyrics describe two brothers, "Carlos" and "Raúl" (in reference to Carlos Salinas de Gortari, president of Mexico from 1988 and 1994, and his brother Raúl Salinas de Gortari), who form a "circus" (a drug cartel) and get rid of the other "circuses" in the country. After the brothers get wealthy, Raúl makes Carlos' money disappear (a reference to the Mexican peso crisis) and their circus ends. Raúl is jailed, while Carlos leaves the country, and the people are finally at peace, unless another circus arrives and the story repeats itself.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: In the last years of Zedillo's term, Carlos Salinas returned to Mexico to announce the publication of his book, Mexico: The Policy and the Politics of Modernization.[50] Written during his stay in Ireland and full of quotations from press articles and political memoirs, it defended his achievements and blamed Zedillo for the crisis that followed his administration.

title: Roberto González Barrera

text: González Barrera refused to testify in the case against Raúl Salinas de Gortari, brother of former President Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Allegedly, his justification was "I am a friend of Mr. Raúl".

title: Mexico City

text: However, the last straw may have been the controversial elections of 1988. That year, the presidency was set between the P.R.I.'s candidate, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, and a coalition of left-wing parties led by Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, son of the former president Lázaro Cárdenas. The counting system "fell" because coincidentally the light went out and suddenly, when it returned, the winning candidate was Salinas, even though Cárdenas had the upper hand.

title: Guillermo González Calderoni

text: Guillermo González Calderoni (1949 – February 5, 2003) was a commander of the Mexican Federal Judicial Police, and one of the strongmen of the Attorney General of Mexico which went on to accuse Raul Salinas de Gortari, brother of former president Carlos Salinas de Gortari, to be involved in drug trafficking. He was the subject of various allegations of corruption.

title: Instituto Nacional de Migración

text: During the Presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari, the "Paisano" program was created to assist Mexican nationals returning to Mexico for temporary visits.

title: Jorge Carpizo McGregor

text: From 2 January 1985 to 2 January 1989, Carpizo McGregor served as Rector of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. In the late 1980s he served as Minister Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation. In June 1990 he was appointed president of the National Human Rights Commission (the first ombudsman in Mexico). In 1993 President Carlos Salinas de Gortari designated him Attorney General, and he later became Secretary of the Interior. In the following administration, President Ernesto Zedillo designated him Ambassador to France.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: Salinas attended the National Autonomous University of Mexico as an undergraduate, studying economics. He was an undergraduate when the student movement in Mexico organized against the 1968 Summer Olympics, but there is no evidence of his participation. He was an active member of the PRI youth movement and a political club, the Revolutionary Policy and Professional Association, whose members continued to be his close friends when he was president.[17] Salinas was a skilled dressage horseman, and was a member of the Mexico national team at the Pan-American Games in Cali, Colombia in 1971.[17]

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: On February 28, 1995, Zedillo ignited a tremendous political crisis versus Carlos Salinas; for this, he staged a brief hunger strike to protest the arrest of his older brother Raúl Salinas de Gortari (see below) as well as the accusations of responsibility for the country's economic travails that his successor as President, Ernesto Zedillo, aimed at him. He abandoned his campaign, which had been backed by the United States, to become the Director-General of the World Trade Organization. He left Mexico for self-imposed exile and settled in Ireland. Beyond the disputes over responsibility for Mexico's economic problems, Salinas's reputation was to be further clouded by a series of controversies involving close family members.

title: Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: List of heads of state of Mexico History of Mexico Politics of Mexico

title: Héctor Herrera (photographer)

text: Héctor Herrera (born Mexico City, 1934) is a Mexican photographer, who opened the first important studio in Mexico, in Jardines del Pedregal. He took official portrait photographs of presidents Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Herrera is the grandson, son, and father of professional photographers.


query: Can you die from acetaminophen poisoning?

title: Paracetamol poisoning

text: Paracetamol poisoning, also known as acetaminophen poisoning, is caused by excessive use of the medication paracetamol (acetaminophen).[3] Most people have few or non-specific symptoms in the first 24hours following overdose.[1] This may include feeling tired, abdominal pain, or nausea.[1] This is typically followed by a couple of days without any symptoms after which yellowish skin, blood clotting problems, and confusion occurs as a result of liver failure.[1] Additional complications may include kidney failure, pancreatitis, low blood sugar, and lactic acidosis.[1] If death does not occur, people tend to recover fully over a couple of weeks.[1] Without treatment some cases will resolve while others will result in death.[1]

title: Hydrocodone/paracetamol

text: "Do not take hydrocodone bitartrate and acetaminophen tablets if you are allergic to any of its ingredients. If you develop signs of allergy such as a rash or difficulty breathing stop taking hydrocodone bitartrate and acetaminophen tablets and contact your healthcare provider immediately."

title: Art of Murder: Cards of Destiny

text: The gameplay of "Art of Murder 3", just like its predecessor, is linear, its in 3-D and have a third-person perspective. The player moves the character by clicking on locations shown in the main display; the scene will only crossfade when a character is finished with all the actions on the screen. Players can interact with specific objects on screens by clicking or dragging them, and NPCs. The player can use an in-game hint system, which is located on the bottom left corner of a screen (in a shape of question mark). The items are carried by the player, and can be combined with other items, when its possible. Unlike the previous version of the game, you can rotate an object inside your inventory. The items return to their original position when dropped. The game have interactive cutcenes which will show up after a player will be done with the location, and before moving to a next one. To complete the game, the player must explore real life locations, such as; Bronx, and Manhattan. The game is non-violent, however, you can die in it. Before you die, the game saves your progress automatically, which means that if you die, you can start from your last save. Some game stages have a time limit as well, which, if you won't complete, is punishable by the death of your character.

title: Wang Yi (wife of Zhao Ang)

text: Wang Yi was spared from disaster when Liang Shuang reconciled with the authorities in Qiangdao County. Zhao Ang sent his men to fetch his wife and daughter. When they were about 30 "li" away from their destination, Wang Yi suddenly stopped and told Zhao Ying: "I'd have never left that place if your father didn't send someone to fetch us. Whenever I read the stories of Lady Jiang and Lady Bo, I feel inspired by their devotions and convictions. However, I am still alive after having gone through similar a experience, so wouldn't I feel ashamed when I face those ladies after I die? I didn't choose death then because of you. Now, since we are close to safety and within the protection of the authorities, I can leave you and die." Having said that, she attempted suicide by consuming poison but luckily for her, an antidote was available, so she received medical treatment quickly and survived.

title: Pharmacotoxicology

text: Acetaminophen (APAP) is a very common drug used to treat pain. High doses of acetaminophen has been shown to produce severe hepatotoxicity after being biotransformed to produce reactive intermediates. Acetaminophen is metabolized by CYP2E1 to produce NAPQI, which then causes significant oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can cause cellular damage in a multitude of ways, a few of which being DNA and mitochondrial damage and depletion of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione. In terms of drug-drug interactions, acetaminophen activates CAR, a nuclear receptor involved in the production of metabolic enzymes, which increases the metabolism of other drugs. This could either cause reactive intermediates/drug activity to persist for longer than necessary, or the drug will be cleared quicker than normal and prevent any therapeutic actions from occurring. Ethanol induces CYP2E1 enzymes in the liver, which can lead to increased NAPQI formation in addition to that formed by acetaminophen.

title: List of items in Once Upon a Time

text: The Agrabahn Viper Poison is a poison that's contained in the Agrabahn Vipers. The effects differ based on if one is bitten by a viper or ingests the poison. If bitten, the victim will die of poisoning like normal, but if ingested, the victim will dissolve in green smoke. However, the spreading of the poison can be stopped if the victim is taken to the Land of Untold Stories prior to his or her death.

title: Dog health

text: Some common household chemicals are particularly dangerous to dogs:Poisoning with pain medications is common. Aspirin, paracetamol (acetaminophen, Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil), and naproxen (Aleve) can all cause severe clinical signs in dogs, including vomiting blood, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Specifically, aspirin can cause metabolic acidosis and bleeding disorders, acetaminophen can cause liver disease, ibuprofen can cause kidney disease, and naproxen can cause ulcers in the stomach, which can perforate. Treatment depends on the clinical signs.

title: Salicylate poisoning

text: During the latter part of the 20th century, the number of poisonings from salicylates declined, mainly because of the increased popularity of other over-the-counter analgesics such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). Fifty-two deaths involving single-ingredient aspirin were reported in the United States in 2000; however, in all but three of these cases, the reason for the ingestion of lethal doses was intentional—predominantly suicidal.

title: Runaljod – Yggdrasil

text: The final track, "Helvegen" ("the Road to Hel") is essentially a funeral song. The song (and album) closes with the famous stanza from "Hávamál": "Cattle die, kinsmen die, You yourself will also die, but the word about you will never die, if you win a good reputation. Cattle die, kinsmen die, You yourself will also die, I know one that never dies: the judgement of those who died". "Helvegen" was used in the second season of "Vikings" while Ragnar and his men prepare to sail again to Wessex.

title: Carbon monoxide

text: In closed environments, the concentration of carbon monoxide can easily rise to lethal levels. On average, 170 people in the United States die every year from carbon monoxide produced by non-automotive consumer products. However, according to the Florida Department of Health, "every year more than 500 Americans die from accidental exposure to carbon monoxide and thousands more across the U.S. require emergency medical care for non-fatal carbon monoxide poisoning" These products include malfunctioning fuel-burning appliances such as furnaces, ranges, water heaters, and gas and kerosene room heaters; engine-powered equipment such as portable generators; fireplaces; and charcoal that is burned in homes and other enclosed areas. The American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) reported 15,769 cases of carbon monoxide poisoning resulting in 39 deaths in 2007. In 2005, the CPSC reported 94 generator-related carbon monoxide poisoning deaths. Forty-seven of these deaths were known to have occurred during power outages due to severe weather, including Hurricane Katrina. Still others die from carbon monoxide produced by non-consumer products, such as cars left running in attached garages. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that several thousand people go to hospital emergency rooms every year to be treated for carbon monoxide poisoning.

title: List of plants poisonous to equines

text: Many plants are poisonous to equines; the species vary depending on location, climate, and grazing conditions. In many cases, entire genera are poisonous to equines and include many species spread over several continents. Plants can cause reactions ranging from laminitis (found in horses bedded on shavings from black walnut trees), anemia, kidney disease and kidney failure (from eating the wilted leaves of red maples), to cyanide poisoning (from the ingestion of plant matter from members of the genus "Prunus") and other symptoms. Members of genus "Prunus" have also been theorized to be at fault for mare reproductive loss syndrome. Some plants, including yews, are deadly and extremely fast-acting. Several plants, including nightshade, become more toxic as they wilt and die, posing a danger to horses eating dried hay or plant matter blown into their pastures.

title: King's College Criteria

text: Acetaminophen (or paracetamol) is an analgesic medication that can affect the liver when administered in high doses. Acetaminophen is predominantly conjugated into glucuronate and sulfate moieties by Phase II metabolism. A small percentage is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 pathway to a toxic metabolite, NAPQI. NAPQI is conjugated by glutathione to non-toxic cysteine and mercapturic acid moieties. In cases of acetaminophen toxicity, the Phase II conjugation enzymes are saturated, and a higher fraction is converted to NAPQI. The conjugation of NAPQI to glutathione occurs until glutathione is depleted from hepatic reserves, after which the toxic NAPQI accumulates and causes damage to the hepatocytes. This occurs primarily in areas of the liver that are relatively poorly perfused with oxygen, or furthest away from the hepatic artery, termed "Zone 3". Acetaminophen overdose is associated with Zone 3 necrosis, to the point that acute liver failure may result.

title: Hack (video game)

text: There is time pressure because you die if your food runs out, food is scattered around the dungeon. There is a limit to what you can carry, forcing you to leave valuable items behind. The gold and gems you carry when you die increases your score, but it is heavy too.

title: Carbon monoxide poisoning

text: It has been estimated that more than 40,000 people per year seek medical attention for carbon monoxide poisoning in the United States. 95% of carbon monoxide poisoning deaths in the United States are due to gas space heaters. In many industrialized countries carbon monoxide is the cause of more than 50% of fatal poisonings. In the United States, approximately 200 people die each year from carbon monoxide poisoning associated with home fuel-burning heating equipment. Carbon monoxide poisoning contributes to the approximately 5613 smoke inhalation deaths each year in the United States. The CDC reports, "Each year, more than 500 Americans die from unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning, and more than 2,000 commit suicide by intentionally poisoning themselves." For the 10-year period from 1979 to 1988, 56,133 deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning occurred in the United States, with 25,889 of those being suicides, leaving 30,244 unintentional deaths. A report from New Zealand showed that 206 people died from carbon monoxide poisoning in the years of 2001 and 2002. In total carbon monoxide poisoning was responsible for 43.9% of deaths by poisoning in that country. In South Korea, 1,950 people had been poisoned by carbon monoxide with 254 deaths from 2001 through 2003. A report from Jerusalem showed 3.53 per 100,000 people were poisoned annually from 2001 through 2006. In Hubei, China, 218 deaths from poisoning were reported over a 10-year period with 16.5% being from carbon monoxide exposure.

title: Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell

text:
In his final letter to the Scouts, Baden-Powell wrote:
I have had a most happy life and I want each one of you to have a happy life too. I believe that God put us in this jolly world to be happy and enjoy life. Happiness does not come from being rich, nor merely being successful in your career, nor by self-indulgence. One step towards happiness is to make yourself healthy and strong while you are a boy, so that you can be useful and so you can enjoy life when you are a man. Nature study will show you how full of beautiful and wonderful things God has made the world for you to enjoy. Be contented with what you have got and make the best of it. Look on the bright side of things instead of the gloomy one. But the real way to get happiness is by giving out happiness to other people. Try and leave this world a little better than you found it and when your turn comes to die, you can die happy in feeling that at any rate you have not wasted your time but have done your best. "Be prepared" in this way, to live happy and to die happy – stick to your Scout Promise always – even after you have ceased to be a boy – and God help you to do it.

title: Illegal (1955 film)

text: Scott ends up defending an associate of the city's crime boss, Frank Garland (Albert Dekker), a man he refused to work for earlier because "no one would testify against you; you own the people who work for you." The man is accused of murder by poison; in the courtroom, Scott wins by drinking from the poison bottle and resting his case, knowing that the prosecution will request a recess and he can then hurry to a doctor before the poison takes effect. Though not in Garland's pocket, he establishes a careful relationship with the gangster, leading him into direct confrontation with the very office he used to head.

title: Eutrophication

text:
Some algal blooms, otherwise called "nuisance algae" or "harmful algal blooms", are toxic to plants and animals. Toxic compounds can make their way up the food chain, resulting in animal mortality. Freshwater algal blooms can pose a threat to livestock. When the algae die or are eaten, neuro- and hepatotoxins are released which can kill animals and may pose a threat to humans.
An example of algal toxins working their way into humans is the case of shellfish poisoning. Biotoxins created during algal blooms are taken up by shellfish (mussels, oysters), leading to these human foods acquiring the toxicity and poisoning humans. Examples include paralytic, neurotoxic, and diarrhoetic shellfish poisoning. Other marine animals can be vectors for such toxins, as in the case of ciguatera, where it is typically a predator fish that accumulates the toxin and then poisons humans.

title: D6 System

text: One of the dice rolled for each skill or attribute check or for damage is considered to be the "wild die", and is treated somewhat differently from the other dice. This mechanism was added in 2nd Edition. If an initial "six" is rolled on the wild die, then the die "explodes", meaning you add the six to the total plus re-roll the wild die, adding the result to the total. You get to keep rolling as long as you get sixes. If an initial "one" is rolled on the wild die, you disregard both it and the highest regular die from the total, often making you fail. Then you re-roll the wild die. If it comes up another one, a critical failure or complication occurs, usually with bad results for the character. Use of the wild die tends to make the game feel more cinematic.

title: Zofloya

text: As Berenza's health slowly declines, Zofloya advises Victoria to change locations since she is wary of being suspected of Berenza's poisoning. Victoria, Berenza, Henriquez, Lilla, and Lilla's elderly relative retreat to Berenza's mountain castle. Victoria is impatient for Berenza to die and questions Zofloya's methods. Zofloya mentions a poison he believes will kill Berenza immediately, but first he tests the poison on Lilla's elderly relative, who does not die immediately, and must be strangled by Zofloya. After two more weeks of waiting for Berenza to die, Victoria gives him his final ration of poison, and Berenza dies; the cause appears to be a heart attack.

title: Fioricet

text: Acetaminophen exerts its toxicity through the production of a toxic metabolite that can cause liver damage at doses as low as four grams. Larger doses can precipitate acute liver failure, acute kidney injury, or gastrointestinal bleeding; death has been known to occur with ingestion of ten to fifteen grams. The specific antidote to acetaminophen overdose is "N"-acetylcysteine.

title: Paracetamol

text: Acute overdoses of paracetamol can cause potentially fatal liver damage. In 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration launched a public-education program to help consumers avoid overdose, warning: "Acetaminophen can cause serious liver damage if more than directed is used." In a 2011 Safety Warning, the FDA immediately required manufacturers to update labels of all prescription combination acetaminophen products to warn of the potential risk for severe liver injury and required that such combinations contain no more than 325 mg of acetaminophen. Overdoses are frequently related to high-dose recreational use of prescription opioids, as these opioids are most often combined with acetaminophen. The overdose risk may be heightened by frequent consumption of alcohol.

title: Robert Abbott (game designer)

text: Abbott is the inventor of a style of maze called logic mazes. A logic maze has a set of rules, ranging from the basic (such as "you cannot make left turns") to the extremely complicated. These mazes are also called "Multi-State mazes". The reason for this name is that sometimes you can return to a position you were in before, but be traveling in a different direction. That change in direction can put you in a different state and open up different choices for you. One example, from the book "SuperMazes", would be a rolling-die maze. Where you can move from a particular square depends on what number is facing up on the die. If you return to that same square, the die may be in a different state, with a different number on top. Thus, you would have different options than the first time.

title: The Hungover Games

text: Another rule change states that there can only be one victor and the four turn on each other. Zach proposes they all eat poisonous berries, as the creators of the games would never let them all die as they would rather have four victors than none, and so would interrupt the four before they can eat the poison. Zach's plan fails after they eat the berries and die with no one stopping them. They wake up in their hotel room, realizing it was just a shared dream. The four go to the wedding where Ed laments about Katnip but runs into an identical looking girl who seems to be attracted to him.

title: Saggy Tahir

text: Tahir gave his personal motivation for instigating the delegation, saying "If you believe that you can make a difference in the lives of fellow human beings around you, in your community, in your state, in your country, you must offer your services. When you die, everything you do for yourself will die with you but everything you do for others will last for a long time."

title: Periyar E. V. Ramasamy

text: "With all his good qualities, Gandhi did not bring the people forward from foolish and evil ways. His murderer was an educated man. Therefore nobody can say this is a time of high culture. If you eat poison, you will die. If electricity hits the body, you will die. If you oppose the Brahmin, you will die. Gandhi did not advocate the eradication of Varnasrama "Dharma" structure, but sees in it a task for the humanisation of society and social change possible within its structure. The consequence of this would be continued high-caste leadership. Gandhi adapted Brahmins to social change without depriving them of their leadership".

title: Chicago Tylenol murders

text: The Chicago Tylenol murders were a series of poisoning deaths resulting from drug tampering in the Chicago metropolitan area in 1982. The victims had all taken Tylenol-branded acetaminophen capsules that had been laced with potassium cyanide. A total of seven people died in the original poisonings, with several more deaths in subsequent copycat crimes.

title: Mystic Towers

text: Aside from monsters, the towers themselves are far from harmless. There are a variety of traps that the player should be aware off, so that they do not trigger them inadvertently. There are a few types of traps the play should be aware of:Baron Baldric can become poisoned in a variety of ways, such as stepping on a poison tile, drinking slime, or getting hit by a venom cloud. Baron Baldric slowly loses health and the health bar flashes when Baron Baldric is poisoned, and he turns green. In order to cure poison, the player can use a heal spell, drink slime from outlets, or eat a mushroom (the only instance where eating a mushroom is beneficial. If Baron Baldric eats a mushroom when he's not poisoned, he will die instantly).

title: Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls

text: On the same day, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals announces that "fears of widespread contamination of pet food with acetaminophen are unfounded," confirming the results of FDA investigators. The ASPCA collaborated with toxicologists with the California Animal Health and Food Safety System at the University of California, Davis. They found no acetaminophen contamination in three cans of the same food that tested positive for acetaminophen at a Texas laboratory. Additionally, since the cat that had eaten the food suffered kidney, but not liver, failure, acetaminophen poisoning seems unlikely.

title: Gotham City Sirens

text: Poison Ivy is framed for a series of murders on serial arsonists in Robinson Park. After investigating the murders herself, Poison Ivy is kidnapped by a renegade police officer, who believes her to be the murderer, and left in a hole to die without food, water or sunlight. Catwoman and Harley Quinn work together to save Poison Ivy and find a corrupt cop and the real murderer with James Gordon's help. When they find Poison Ivy's hidden and shrivelled up body without a pulse, Catwoman saves her by tossing her into water, claiming that when your plants seem dead, you water them. With Poison Ivy revived, the Sirens find the real murderer and kill him themselves, making it look like he was just another victim.

title: Dream Craft

text: When fighting a monster or another player, you can either use a standard attack, a skill, or an item. If you use a standard attack, you must randomly select a DC Die from the dice bag. After retrieving the die, the opposing player must roll a die of the same kind. Rolling the die determines the attack strength of both characters. The lowest roll wins and the winning character inflicts the amount of damage as the die reads. If the attacking player loses, the attack has no effect whatsoever. If a skill is used, an absolute damage is inflicted to the opponent, no matter the outcome of a dice roll. Skills, however, take up action points (AP). Items can also be used in combat. If you are fighting a nightmare, a nightmare will deal absolute damage automatically. A restorative item, such as a potion, can be used to restore health points (HP). An offensive item, such as a grenade, can be used to deal an absolute damage to the opponent.


query: What was Colette Justine's first art installation?

title: Colette Justine

text: Colette's first performance/photo work took place in 1970 when she had herself photographed as "Liberty Leading the People" after Delacroix. She presented this work to the public in 1972. In an installation, composed of white parachute silk, embedded lighting, [lightboxes, lavender-painted floors inscribed with her personal code and audios, she posed as Liberté. This tableau vivant could also be viewed from the windows of the gallery. Fred McDarrah photographed it for The Village Voice in January 1973.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1985 during her stay in Berlin, Three monographs were published on her work: 1."From Silk To Marble" - a series of photographs of Colette transforming herself with a white sheet into sculptures of different periods of history, thus documented the style and fashion of that period.were exhibited with an opening performance re-enacting the images live. Künstlerhaus Bethanien (with the Torkil Gudnason) helped her document the images right before her departure to Berlin. 2."Colette new works and paintings" - 85 for her solo show at the Berlin Kunstverein (published by Kammerer & Unverzagt) and 3."Art on Stage", distributed by the Stadtische Galerie Nordon (Germany). Colette presented a multimedia installation / performance with her works on the stage of its auditorium. Its co-publisher was Daniel Newburg Gallery (New York Gallery which represented her work during that period).

title: Colette Justine

text: In 2008–2009 Colette converted her studio at the Marie Walsh Sharpe Art into a home environment, and began a series of new metaphysical portraits; mostly of friends and colleagues:Alessandra Anderson Spivy, Roger Webster, Anthony Hayden Guest, Katerina Otto Bernstein, Donald Bachlor, Kevin Baker etc.. ; and a few celebrities of her generation; David Bowie, Jim Jarmusch, Bill Murray, Susan Sarandon, Blondie and Richard Gere. the studio was open to the public in spring 2009. In February 2010 Colette exhibited these portraits and her "Street Paintings" at Destination Art Space in an installation: "That's All She Wrote" (a 3-minute music video documenting this transition and putting closure to the tragedy of losing her atelier). For the Windows of Boutique/art space she created a Valentine onsite installation "The Letter" with light blue rushed and torn satin, shredded soft white wig material and a Colette Mannequin sculpture holding "a return to sender" envelope.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1993, an exhibition at LOK gallery in the Meatpacking District titled "The Ruins and Rise of the House of Olympia" Colette presented her new works. A Colette mannequin replaced her presence.

title: List of Queer as Folk characters

text: Jennifer Taylor is Justin's mother. In the first season, she suspects that Justin is gay after she sees some drawings in his sketchbook and a man's jockstrap in his room. When she confronts him about it the first time, he runs away, not knowing what to do. She takes him to see a therapist thinking that he is just confused, that he doesn't know what he wants yet. At first, she doesn't tell her husband that her son is gay. She and Justin go to an art exhibit so that they can mend their relationship. Instead, he takes this chance to have a quickie in the men's room, much to her dismay and sadness. She is invited to Justin's first art exhibit where she sees some erotic art pieces by Justin. When she sees Brian holding Justin in a suggestive way and kissing him, she realizes that he is the naked, sleeping man in one of Justin's drawings and that he has been sleeping with her son. She tells her husband Craig that their son is gay after she sees that an older man is the one who seduced him. During the rest of the season, she comes to terms with her son's homosexuality, with the help of Debbie Novotny. She ultimately divorces Craig.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1981 she broke record attendance in three consecutive museums shows: her retrospective - "Colette - 10 Years of Work" at the Kunstverein Munster (with a monograph published by Politi); "Other Realities" at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Houston, Texas (other artists that participated with individual openings weeks apart were Robert Wilson, Joan Jonas, Vito Acconci, and Eleonor Antin); and in the show Persona at the New Museum with the Mr. Apology, Lynn Hershmann and Eleanor Antin.

title: Colette Justine

text: Other public installation/performances putting closure to a period before Colette's departure for Berlin, were Justine's thrift shop on West Broadway (her beautiful dreamer uniforms and gowns were offered for sale to the public with a window work of that theme), and "Art on Stage" a multimedia event held at Danceteria.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1975 Colette was asked to participate in "Fashion as Fantasy" at Rizzoli's bookstore. In this fashion/art event (co-curated by Frederico Suro), a larger-than-life perforated light box of Colette was featured, while throughout the store and its windows Colette performed as "Ragdoll" with veiled breasts, a Victorian corset, bloomers and boots. Images of her "look" and her habit of wearing and incorporating undergarments began to appear not only in art publications, but also in fashion and popular press: Art News, Women's Wear Daily, and Daily News. References to Colette's look worn in art and life, are still made as having inspired a young Madonna and later Lady Gaga. During this time Colette begun to be referred to as a "walking performance".

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1997 the "Salon de la Refusee" at the Gerswirn Hotel was viewed both by an art audience as well as random passers-by. Through its windows a Colette mannequin sculpture was installed in the gallery space, along with Colette's new works and objects, that incorporated her life's costumes. Simultaneously, In a show titled Art?fashion, another Colette mannequin sculpture dressed in one of her rushed gowns worn in live performances during her"Nightclubbing"days of the early 1980s was featured at the downtown Guggenheim Museum. Nightclubs continued to be a place of celebration after her opening exhibitions as well as a and showcase for her art. ex; The Palladium 1992, Life Club in 1997 after the opening of Le Salon de La Refusee, The Limelight in 1990, and in 1998 a multimedia production with art work, video installations, and a tableau appearance for the opening to songs co-written with Jacob Engel. 1990& 1998-., Club U.S.A "to celebrate chivalry and good manners".

title: Colette Justine

text: Colette the artist has been documented in films and videos on her life and art. the most recent documentary a Pirate in Venice by Friedericke Schaefer, "Looking for Gaga " by Josh Gilbert. went viral January 2012.Colette the Artists (Art Tapes by Paul Tschinkell (1993), Charlie Ahearn (1995), Enzo Capio (2000), Michel Auder (1970s to 1980s), Anton Perich (1970s to 1980s), Robert Polidori (1979), Wolfgang Staehle (1983) and Werner Rauenne (1984). Marc Miller interviews her in Paul Tschinkell's Inner Tube. in 1983. in a video that also included interviews with Robert Longo.

title: Rucyl

text: Her first interactive pieces included the Chakakhantroller, a wearable interface MIDI controller for audio and visual performance, and installation Watch What You Are, in collaboration with Justin Downs, which was featured as part of Eyebeam Interactive Art Gallery's "Double Take" exhibition in July 2008.

title: Colette Urban

text: Colette Constance Joyce Urban (January 29, 1952 – June 16, 2013) was a Canadian artist known for performance art, sculpture and installation that referenced consumer culture and the everyday with a disarming and humorous tone. Urban was Professor of Visual Arts at University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario, Canada until 2007, when she relocated to McIvers, Newfoundland to develop Full Tilt, an artist residency and exhibition venue. Museum London held a retrospective exhibition of Urban's work, titled "Incognito", in October 2013. Urban was inducted into the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts in 2012.

title: Colette Justine

text: Laboratoire Lumiere Relocates - 2015-2017 Since 2015 Colette Has Relocated her "Laboratoire Lumiere " in Berlin, as artist in residence @ the Lowen Palais /Art Foundation Starke. While still commuting to NYC. in 2015. She participated in many shows in Berlin.:"Spring Fever "@HAgn. 2015. "Lumiere Occupies the Lowen Palais". 2015. Group shows ; "Displaced "(Luckenwelde) June 2015. curated by Emily Puetter.," Macrocosmi", curated by Pascual Jordan and Petra Dregger, (Rathaus Schoneberg, Wekstadd Gallery, "Time Lies" @ Kino International etc. & in NYC. Sept Oct. 2015. Glenn Horowitz /Rare Gallery., "The Dowtown Decade". work of street arrest in early seventies for painting the streets of Soho. (from series " Records from the story of my life"70's till now lp size.) 'In 2016. in Berlin: @,'"Dreamcatcher;" for the Wurfel for Neumeister Barn Am, (May/June 2016), "Vis a Vis:may july."Photo Kunst," gallery, Sleeping on a Carl Andre@ ArtVon Frei summer show. NYC;"Concept Performance, Documentation@ Mitchel Algus Gallery. Feb. 2016. Lisa Cooley Gallery. "Active Ingredient", Jan. 2016. & #40 exhibition @PS1 Moma. a large scale installation In the attic "There's a Mermaid in the Attic" with another installation/ tableau performance within it. a"Homage to Duchamp's Extant Donne; June/Nov. 2016. In 2017. Berlin; "Me Myself and I" @ 68 projects Berlin (with Jurgen Klauke, Nan Golden. Ming Wong etc., A on-site installation for Thanda Projects in Zulu Land "Les Tresors de Lafrique > /Lumiere in Zululand. created while in residency for Star for Life Foundation, Curated by Johan Faulker. In her solo exhibition at Starke Foundation, Lumiere occupies the Lowen Palais II March 2017. Colette Previewed new works in the main gallery. Many Of the new works Featured different versions " of "The Woman with the Golden Mask" tribute to the unknown artist" post ups of the image of Colette in a Gold Venetian Mask were plastered all around Berlin, particularly Charlottenburg in 2015 when Colette first arrived to Berlin, in recognition of the multitude of artists in the transformed crowded, competitive city seeking recognition. During the exhibition a screening room presented for the first time to the Berlin Public "A Pirate in Venice" a most recent documentary on Colette by Friederike Schaefer. 2012. And An room installation /video marathon presented other Documentaries of her work by Michel Auder, Anton Perich, Robert Polidori, Paul Tschinkel, Marc Miller, Charlie Ahearn, Enzo Cupia. etc. Other rooms dedicated to other living personas of her history, were on viewed throughout the building. Other news for 2016. Colette was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in Multi Media., A limited edition of "Colette Street Works/70's " was published by Antoine Levfebre Editions and presented in an installation at the Hamburger Banhoff Dec 2016, (also At the Book Fair At PS1 MOMA. Sept 2016 and LA. Book Fair 2017). She has also Been involved in An going collaborative Project Investigating a found cassette of herself being interviewed by Warohl in 1975. which will be presented as A Film/Exhibition. in 2017. recent interview: -may 2017.

title: Colette Justine

text: Colette's Early Street Works and Window Works were presented the Academy of Arts, Berlin for the React feminism exhibition in 2008[4] and in the traveling show "React Feminism II" which opened October 7, 2011 in Centro Cultural Montehermoso, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.[5] The show traveled, with its last presentation in July 2013 in Berlin.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 2010/2011 Pavel Zoubok gallery represented Colette's work in New York with a show called "Girl Talk".. And her work has been exhibited and in the collection of his "Collage Center".She continues to present her multimedia works internationally. Due to the current interest in Street Art and the seventies and eighties style and culture, her earlier works are being re-exhibited. Her "Sepia Color Beautiful Dreamer LP" with Peter Gordon (1979) was released on November 9, 2010 by the DFA label.[9][10] The archival video "Justine and the Boys" (1979) starring Jeff Koons and Richard Prince was presented as part as the "Indomitable women" show in Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art in 2010. Her lightboxes, part of her living environment (1972–83) (that Leo Castelli helped to preserve and which was written about by Peter Selz in "Art of our times"[11] and Arturo Schwarz in Poliliti's monograph "Colette - 10 years of work") was shown at the James Graham & Sons Gallery in NYC in an exhibition called "Consider the Oyster" curated by Ingrid Dinter. At Black and White Projects, in a show called "Basic Instinct" curated by Sasha Oykstein, early staged photographs from the 1970s are part of her installation, which also features a larger-than-life image of herself as living doll (wrapped in satin) in her living environment 1978. "La reine soleil" an installation with artworks was showcased at Pavel Zoubok gallery booth "Basel - Pulse art fair" in Miami, December 2010. During the Art show at the Armory, March 2010. she performed The Arrival of Mademoiselle Lumiere at the Pavel Zoubok booth.

title: Colette Justine

text: No money - no art Retrieving my history. Preservation of earlier works and fabrication of ideas conceived as far back as the seventies. e.g. the Colette Mannequin Sculpture. Self appropriation - recycling of images of myself from earlier works into mixed media new works. Colettesizing: thus transforming into my style selected masterpieces of the eighteenth century such as Boucher, Fragonard, Watteau and exhibiting them amidst images of myself inspired by that period and in this way synchronizing them. Bringing back the return of chivalry and good manners, innocence and romance. Art that elevates the spirit and celebrates life. Matches the furniture and promotes the return of the commissioned portrait and the art patron.

title: Colette Justine

text: Colette Justine better known as Colette and from 2001 Colette Lumiere (born 1952 in Tunis, Tunisia) is a French-born, American multimedia artist known for her pioneering work in performance art, street art and her use of photography constructed photograph. She is also known for her work exploring male and female gender roles, different guises and personas and for her soft fabric environments where she often appears as the central element.[1]

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1990 in an exhibition in Munich at Carol Johnssen Gallery "Visits to the Normal World" Colette began to use the name Olympia. It was the first of seven solo shows at that gallery. In 1991 she presented her Colettesized commissioned portraits in "The Aristocrats"; among the portraits of local aristocrats were Leslie and Dedlef Von Waggonheim, Kiki and Eckbert Von Buehlen & Urbach; and an installation featuring "The Unnunciation". The subject Colette as "the Countess Reichenbach" (with her then boyfriend actor Misha Tregor ("Count Reichenbach") a regular at the Kammerspiele theater in Munich). In 1991

title: Colette Justine

text: During this period nightclubs also became a venue for reaching younger audiences and an ideal setting for her multimedia spectacles - Colette was a regular and performed and exhibited in most of them: Mudd Club, The Underground, Studio 54. Her close association with Rudolf the German nightclub impresario who created Danceteria influenced her to do more nightclub spectacles. Her first installation there, was "Fuck Art Lets Dance" for the opening of the club in May 1980. This led to other young artists showcasing their art there. Colette also appeared in the day and the Night life in her "beautiful dreamer" uniforms inspired by the walls of her legendary environment as a living sculpture: an experiment in walking architecture. The fashion photographer Chris Von Hohenberg assisted her in recording her wearing these uniforms for her series of photo works. In 1981, she joined Niki Carson's La Rocka Modelling agency for unusual models, and staged a multimedia performance in his club Armegedon. By 1984, art in nightclubs was the vogue. The Palladium showcased not only her work but also those of Keith Herring, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Francesco Clemente and Julian Schnabel.

title: Colette Justine

text: Other installations incorporating fashion and "Fragments of her life" were -" The "ApARTment" exhibition at HPGRP gallery in the Meatpacking District 2007, with installations within the installation:In one of the corners was an installation work titled "Be bold with new beginnings" featured a Colette mannequin sculpture with long white gloves, viewed from the back looking at the window with a series of white suitcases following her. Other sections displayed racks of clothes, furniture,and art made at different times displayed on shelves or stacked against the walls. The exhibition addressed the nomadic life of the artist, particularly addressing personal concerns at the time and the uncertainties of human existence in general. "The Closet" - at Windows Gallery, Long Island City, reconstruction of the clothes of her closet resembling a thrift shop with street painting leading to it from PS1.connecting the artist history there to the current show.) These shows proceeded the unnounced vacatefrom her loft, that came soon after and were somewhat prophetic. By 2008 Colette had relocated and was awarded a wonderful studio space at The Marie Walsh Sharpe Art foundation in Dumbo for a year. She transformed her new atelier into a living space and there was able to begin a new body of works. She travelled to Berlin, to participate "React Feminism" (2008) held at the Akademie der Künste in Berlin. Early street works and store window installations performances were presented, as well as a live re-enaction of a "Beautiful Dreamer" installation with performance and audios.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 2011, art critic Alan Jones curated a solo show of her works at Paolo Barozzi Gallery in Venice during the Biennale;and the following her The Film "A Pirate in Venice" a documentary on Colette shot in Venice by Friedericke Taylor, was presented for the first time in NY at the Gershwirn Hotel May 2012 and again the following year. On 14 February 2013, Valentine's Day, Colette had a solo exhibition titled "Colette & Sandy " where she exhibited over 40 works from the 70's till 2012. Works that had been excavated,some embellished from Laboratoire Lumiere. her studio/storage which had been under 9ft of water due to Sandy. Her works were also featured MAy 2013 on 98 bowery on line site. and can still be viewed there. She was featured in group show at Peanut Underground NYC ' Pirate Utopia" opening the same day as another viewing of her film "A Pirate in Venice", which was also featured in the Mikenos Art Biennale that summer. In October 2013, she participated on the panel at the Brooklyn Museum, organized by the Collage center, and the Sackler division of feminist art at the museum. About the same time the travelling show React Feminism II. closed at The Berlin Akademie Der Kunste curated by Beatrice Stammer and Bettina Knaup. For the new Year, and Thru Feb 2nd. 2014 IFAC curatorial, opened their headquarters on Delancey St, with a" Homage to Colette" which presented works from her "Reverse Pop" Justine of the Colette is Dead Co. 78-83. February 6 to March 6 she was featured in "Japonism in Contemporary Art"at the Nippon Club, curated by Emil Memon and Kyoko Saito Ono. On Feb 18, 2014 (till March 23rd). Undercurrent Projects, previously knows as Peanut Underground, opened their new space on March 18th with a solo exhibition "Metaphysical Portraits and other Experiments from Laboratoire Lumiere>. An installation in process. Featured were her new "Metaphysical Portraits " which included the series "Artists& the silver Screen".

title: Colette Justine

text: During that year, Banco gallery in Brescia, Italy presented "Les actions de Justine"; a mostly blue satin installation with slide projections. She posed as "the Pietà" in it for its opening. In the second room of the gallery, her record album covers, collages embedded in satin, which recorded her life as "Justine" were exhibited. In 1979 in a store window art exhibition curated by Peter Pakesh held in department stores over the city of Graz, Austria. In her window at K&O, Justine of the Colette is dead Co. posed as a recording star in a white satin environment in her "Victorian Look" promoting her conceptual "beautiful Dreamer Lp" (not yet released). Her music played outside on the streets. Concurrently she transformed one of the large mirror rooms of the Neue Gallery for the exhibition "Masculin Feminin" (curated by Klaus Honnef) as Justine's Disco Punk Church Club. This term has currently surfaced in the music industry to describe current music. In an installation at Victoria Falls, a vintage boutique on Spring St. NYC, she presented her multimedia spectacle "Ripping myself Off". Clothes she designed, inspired by her image, which had filtered into the commercial world, were displayed inside the store. In its windows she posed as Joan of Arc, in a work entitled "Paranoia is heightened awareness". For its opening a fashion show was staged including the song "Ripping Myself Off" she co-wrote with Albert Crabtree.

title: Colette Justine

text: Through the nineties Colette continued to seek various settings and stages in which to exhibit. Eighteenth century salon inspired and "Colettesized"artworks were installed in environments created for them:- ex;" Colette goes Uptown "Uptown Downtown gallery" (1995), Eugenia Cucalon (1996) "the House of Olympia persists its way unto reality ", "Me Myself and I", Carol Johnssen, Munich. At the Lowen Palais part of the Starke Foundation in Berlin, she was given her own "Colette Salon". There she periodically appeared and entertained in eighteenth century style, and presented her latest comissined portraits and works of art work of her choice.

title: Colette Justine

text: Her Pearl Street atelier in New York, which was written about by Arturo Schwarz, Peter Selz, Brendan Gill, Jeffrey Deitch and Alan Jones, and published in Vogue, the New York Times, Art Forum, and The National Enquirer (1995) was demolished in November 2007. A 16-minute film The Last Days of Pearl Street documented the destruction with Street Work "Appearances" by Colette.

title: Colette Justine

text: Beginning 1986 Colette moved to Munich, while still maintaining her Pearl St. atelier in New York City. Bavaria became new source of inspiration and a new persona "The Countess Reinchenbach". During this time she created staged photographs from her private performances in the Ludwig Castles, the "Dial C for Scandal" series, "The Secret lives of Count and Countess Reichenbach", the "Light Figures", which aimed to blend fantasy and reality, art and life (she accidentally lived on Reichenbach Strasse. Her boyfriend's mother was Countess Reichenbach).

title: Colette Justine

text: Later that year at Clocktower she presented "The Dream Series", an exhibition curated by Alanna Heiss. In a large square room, "Real Dream", made of rushed pink satin, embedded lighting and audios, Colette slept nude at its center everyday for the duration of the exhibition. This show was a topic of Jeffrey Deitch interview with Colette for WPS1 art radio in 2009.[6]

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1978 Fiorucci invited her to do an exhibition, which included a sleeping installation performance in the windows of the West 59th Street store in NYC. Soon after, Fiorucci began using live models in the store and Colette's "Victorian Punk Look" became part of the 1980s NYC "Downtown New Wave" world. In 1979 Emilio Fiorucci commissioned her to create a line of clothes for the store. Her "Deadly Feminine Line" was showcased in the windows of the boutique and Colette staged a fashion art performance at the Mudd Club in celebration.

title: Colette Justine

text: In 1978 Colette staged a mock death in an installation/performance at the Downtown Whitney titled "The Last Stitch" part of the "Out of the House" exhibition. She performed her resurrection at PS1 now part of MOMA a few days later as "Justine and the Victorian Punks"[7] (the first in a series of living personas). Justine armed with Colette's vision posed as a recording star, fashion designer, inventor & conceptualizer of products - "The Beautiful Dreamer" (Colette) doll, perfume, beautiful dreamer bed, fashions, lps etc... And was the head of the Colette's estate.

title: Colette Justine

text: During this period, Colette's installations with her art and fashion designs were showcased in the windows of Munich's most prominent department stores: Loden Frey and Ludwig Beck (where her couture wedding dresses were available). At the beginning of her stay there May 1986 she was awarded a studio at Lothringstrasse, which she immediately turned into an environment. In Munich her works were shown at the Dany Keller Gallery and in Berlin where she often commuted to exhibit her works. There, Nathan Federowsky gallery presented "Colette and the Russians", which included Colettesized Russian icons. Her haute couture clothes of ruched and crinkled satin and other fabrics were on view at the Boutique DurBruch. A special presentation was held there with models staged inside the store wearing Colette's one of a kind creations. In NYC, the Gallery of Wearable Art carried her evening one of a kind couture and commissioned her to do a window. During her short return to New York in 1986, before going to Munich she had a solo exhibition at Daniel Newburg gallery "Autobiographs" with an after-opening celebration held with a special installation at Area where the impersonator "Zet "posed in a Colette bed. In a group show, Logosimmi, curated by Alan Jones, Daniel Newburg was introduced to Colette's work and gave her a solo show "Autobiographs" the same year. In 1987, in another solo show "An exhibition for dolls" was presented there. A group of upcoming artists; Richard Prince, Jeff Koons, Sinclair Cemin, Wolfgang Stahle, Taro Suzuki and Frank Shroeder also were exhibited at Daniel Newburg gallery.

title: Colette Justine

text: Other shows and highlights of that period concentrated on reaching larger audiences and Colette began using the label "C.I.A. - Colette Institute of Art" and its no 1. Moto - "Fight Terror with Glamor, also " beware of When In Pink ". She presented her C.I.A. (Colette institute of Art) with an installation performance on April 1st at the NYC club" Crowbar". In "Domestic Bliss" (1994), an arresting vision that featured a long pink table with Lumiere plates, could be seen from the streets of Rosenthal's Madison Avenue Rosenthal's Show Room. The Mannequin replacing Colette, was attached to a long table with a train containing at its end a large pile of record albums size artworks from "The Story of my life" series.(78-)