query: When did Susan B. Anthony live?

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: Susan B. Anthony (February 15, 1820– March 13, 1906) was an American social reformer and women's rights activist who played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement. Born into a Quaker family committed to social equality, she collected anti-slavery petitions at the age of 17. In 1856, she became the New York state agent for the American Anti-Slavery Society.

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: "By the end of the Civil War," according to historian Ann D. Gordon, "Susan B. Anthony occupied new social and political territory. She was emerging on the national scene as a female leader, something new in American history, and she did so as a single woman in a culture that perceived the spinster as anomalous and unguarded ... By the 1880s, she was among the senior political figures in the United States."[92]

title: Susan B. Anthony Day

text: The idea of honoring Susan B. Anthony with a holiday has only been around since 2011 when Representative Carolyn Maloney introduced the Susan B. Anthony Birthday Act, H.R.#655. Today, only the U.S. state of Florida has the holiday enacted with state offices closed. In the state of Wisconsin, Susan B. Anthony Day is also an established state holiday, enacted into law April 15, 1976, from the 1975 Laws of Wisconsin, Chapter 307, section 20. In West Virginia, this day is celebrated on Election Day on even years. This holiday is not celebrated at a national level. In 1985, "The Seattle Times" reported on a campaign to establish the holiday as one celebrated nationally. (Other holidays that are not commemorated on an official federal level in the U.S. but widely observed are St. Patrick's Day and Arbor Day.) The U.S. state of California has also made this day a legal holiday as of 2014. In 2004, New York governor George Pataki signed legislation that made this a holiday in that state.

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: Susan Anthony was born on February 15, 1820, to Daniel Anthony and Lucy Read in Adams, Massachusetts, the second oldest of seven children. She was named for her mother's mother Susanah, and for her father's sister Susan. In her youth, she and her sisters responded to a "great craze for middle initials" by adding middle initials to their own names. Anthony adopted "B." as her middle initial because her namesake aunt Susan had married a man named Brownell.[1]

title: History of Rochester, New York

text: Susan B. Anthony, a national leader of the women's suffrage movement, was from Rochester. In a case that generated a national controversy, she was arrested for voting in Rochester in 1872, well before it was legal for women to vote. Her trial, United States v. Susan B. Anthony, was held in a federal circuit court presided over by a Supreme Court justice. When the judge directed the jury to deliver a guilty verdict and ordered Anthony to pay a fine of $100, Anthony responded, "I shall never pay a dollar of your unjust penalty", and she never did. As a young woman, she was widely ridiculed for her views on women's rights, but she was increasingly respected as the nation began to take her ideas seriously. She celebrated her eightieth birthday at the White House at the invitation of President William McKinley. The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which guaranteed the right of women to vote in 1920, was popularly known as the Susan B. Anthony Amendment because of her decades of work toward its passage, which she did not live to see. Anthony's home is now a National Historic Landmark known as the National Susan B. Anthony Museum and House.

title: Susan B. Anthony House

text: Susan B. Anthony House, in Rochester, New York, was the home of Susan B. Anthony for forty years, while she was a national figure in the women's rights movement.

title: Susan B. Anthony Day

text: Susan B. Anthony Day is a commemorative holiday to celebrate the birth of Susan B. Anthony and women's suffrage in the United States. The holiday is February 15—Anthony's birthday.

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: Since 1970, the Susan B. Anthony Award is given annually by the NYC chapter of the National Organization for Women to honor "grassroots activists dedicated to improving the lives of women and girls in New York City."[217][218]

title: Susan B. Anthony abortion dispute

text: The National Susan B. Anthony Museum and House, located in Anthony's former home in Rochester, New York, expressed concern about the association of Anthony's name with what it considered to be misleading political campaign material produced by the Susan B. Anthony List. In a press release the museum said, "The List's assertions about Susan B. Anthony's position on abortion are historically inaccurate." Deborah Hughes, president of the museum, said, "People are outraged by their actions, causing harm to Anthony's name and the mission of our Museum." Harper D. Ward, in a research article published by the Susan B. Anthony Museum and House, said, "Anthony's long career of public speaking provided many occasions for her to speak about abortion if she chose to do so. The plain fact, however, is that Susan B. Anthony almost never referred to abortion, and when she did, she said nothing to indicate that she wanted it banned by law."

text: In a ceremony at the bridge on July 13, 2007, the bridge was renamed the "Frederick Douglass–Susan B. Anthony Memorial Bridge", honoring Frederick Douglass and Susan B. Anthony, both of whom had ties to Rochester during their lives.

title: Rochester, New York

text: Susan B. Anthony, a national leader of the women's suffrage movement, was from Rochester. The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which guaranteed the right of women to vote in 1920, was known as the Susan B. Anthony Amendment because of her work toward its passage, which she did not live to see. Anthony's home is a National Historic Landmark known as the National Susan B. Anthony Museum and House.

title: Susan B. Anthony Childhood House

text: Susan B. Anthony lived there from age 13 to age 19, from 1833 to 1839. The family moved to there from Adams, Massachusetts, where she was born. The listing includes the house, a retaining wall, and a carriage barn. Italianate features were added to the house in 1885.

title: Susan B. Anthony abortion dispute

text:
The piece was signed simply "A." Because it was published in "The Revolution", Dannenfelser wrote that "most logical people would agree, then, that writings signed by 'A.' in a paper that Anthony funded and published were a reflection of her own opinions."
Gordon, whose project at Rutgers has examined 14,000 documents related to Stanton and Anthony, said, "Susan B. Anthony has become their unwitting antiabortion poster child based largely on an article she did not write ... For the occasional articles Anthony wrote, she signed 'S.B.A.,' just as she signed the postscripts in her vast correspondence. 'Marriage and Maternity' is signed only 'A,' a shorthand Anthony never used." Derr said Anthony was known to sign "S.B.A." and was affectionately referred to as "Miss A." by others.

title: Atheist feminism

text: She attended the Women's Rights Convention in the Tabernacle, New York City, on September 10, 1853, and spoke at the Hartford Bible Convention in 1854. It was in March of that year, also, that she took off with Susan B. Anthony on a speaking tour to Washington, D.C. Susan B. Anthony arranged the meetings and Ernestine Rose did all of the speaking; after this successful tour, Susan B. Anthony embarked on her own first lecture tour.

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: List of civil rights leaders List of suffragists and suffragettes List of women's rights activists Susan B. Anthony abortion dispute Timeline of women's suffrage Timeline of women's suffrage in the United States Women's suffrage organizations Susan B. Anthony dollar Susan B. Anthony Day

title: Susan B. Anthony Day

title: Susan B. Anthony Childhood House

text: The Susan B. Anthony Childhood House in Battenville, New York was built in 1832. It was a childhood home of suffragette Susan B. Anthony. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: Susan B. Anthony Day is a commemorative holiday to celebrate the birth of Anthony and women's suffrage in the United States. The holiday is February 15—Anthony's birthday.[239]

title: Susan B. Anthony (disambiguation)

text:
Susan B. Anthony was a political activist.
Susan B. Anthony may also refer to:

title: Susan B. Anthony abortion dispute

text:
At its opening, the museum was leafleted by protesters who said the museum's leadership was "inferring upon [Anthony] an unproven historical stance." The protesters said that the directors were using the museum to put forward a pro-life agenda. Answering this assertion, Crossed said, "the pro-life views expressed in Anthony's newspaper, "The Revolution", will not be excluded from the exhibition. This vision represented a very small part of Anthony's life, and while it will be presented, it will not be an overwhelming theme of the birthplace. Anthony's own anti-abortion stance is mentioned in just one of the museum's ten exhibits."
On January 14, 2017, Saturday Night Live broadcast a skit in which Susan B. Anthony, portrayed by Kate McKinnon, says "Abortion is murder!"

title: Susan B. Anthony Birthplace Museum

text: The Susan B. Anthony Birthplace Museum is a historic house museum at 67 East Road in Adams, Massachusetts. It is notable as the birthplace of suffragist Susan B. Anthony in 1820 and for its association with early educators and industrialists in Adams. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: Susan B. Anthony, 1894[159]

title: Susan B. Anthony

text: Susan B. Anthony, 1860[13]

title: Susan B. Anthony dollar

text: When the Baltimore, Maryland Metro Subway opened in 1984, it used the Susan B. Anthony dollar coin as tokens with which to buy tickets. It became the largest single user of Susan B. Anthony dollar coins in its history.

title: Susan B. Anthony Birthplace Museum

text: The house remained in Anthony family hands until 1895, after which it went through a succession of owners. The Society of Friends Descendants acquired the property in 1926, and established a museum. The building was returned to private hands in 1949. It underwent restoration from 2006 to 2009. It is now home to the nonprofit Susan B. Anthony Birthplace Museum, showcasing Susan B. Anthony's early years and her legacy as a tireless advocate of women's right to vote.

title: The Mother of Us All

text: The opera premiered on 7 May 1947 at Columbia University's Branders Matthews Hall with soprano Dorothy Dow as Susan B. Anthony. Soprano Shirlee Emmons was awarded an Obie Award for her portrayal of Susan B. Anthony in the 1956 Off-Broadway production. The Santa Fe Opera mounted the work in 1976 and released a recording of the work the following year on the New World Records label. The European premiere took place in Kensington Town Hall in London on 26 June 1979. The New York City Opera staged a production in 2000 with Lauren Flanigan as Susan B. Anthony. In 2003, San Francisco Opera opened its 80th anniversary season with a new production of "The Mother of Us All", Luana DeVol assuming the role of Susan B. Anthony for the first time.

title: Susan B. Anthony abortion dispute

text:
Susan B. Anthony (1820–1906) is widely known for her dedication to three issues: women's suffrage, abolition and temperance. She was raised by abolitionist Quaker parents, later attending Unitarian churches and becoming an agnostic.
As a young woman she worked in the temperance movement and as a speaker and organizer for the American Anti-Slavery Society. She is known primarily, however, for her leadership in the women's suffrage movement, a cause to which she devoted most of her life. The Nineteenth Amendment, which guarantees the right of women to vote, has been called the Susan B. Anthony Amendment because of her efforts to achieve its passage.
In 1979 she was honored as the first American woman to be represented on U.S. currency, the Susan B. Anthony dollar.

title: First Unitarian Church of Rochester

text: Although Susan B. Anthony worked on several local projects during this period, she remained deeply involved in national activities as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, working for an amendment to give women the right to vote. Generally known as the Anthony Amendment, it became the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920. When the Anthony sisters traveled to Berlin in 1904 for the founding of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance, Susan B. Anthony was declared its first member and Mary Anthony its second.

title: Susan B. Anthony House

text: The Susan B. Anthony House is located at 17 Madison Street in Rochester. Access to the house is through the Susan B. Anthony Museum entrance at 19 Madison Street.

title: Feminists for Life

text: Carol Crossed, founder of the New York chapter of Democrats for Life of America and former board member of FFL's New York chapter, purchased the Adams, Massachusetts, birthplace of Susan B. Anthony on August 5, 2006. FFL did not own the Susan B. Anthony birthplace, which was opened as the Susan B. Anthony Birthplace Museum on February 14, 2010. Its mission states, "The Museum will highlight the familial and regional influences which shaped Ms. Anthony's early life, by displaying the textiles and furnishings of that period, as well as the literature and other memorabilia associated with her later career". The birthplace is managed by The Susan B. Anthony Birthplace Museum, a non-profit corporation.

title: Susan B. Anthony House

text: Today the Susan B. Anthony House is a learning center and museum open to the public for tours and programs from 11-5 Tuesday through Sunday, except major holidays. Its full name is the National Susan B. Anthony Museum & House. The Visitor Center and Museum Shop are located in the historic house next door, 19 Madison Street, which was owned by Hannah Anthony Mosher, sister of Susan and Mary Anthony. The mission of the Susan B. Anthony House is to keep Susan B. Anthony's vision alive and relevant.


query: Did Germany have a stealth bomber prototyped during WW2?

title: Horten Ho 229

text: In early 2008, Northrop Grumman paired up television documentary producer Michael Jorgensen and the National Geographic Channel to produce a documentary to determine whether the Ho 229 was, in fact, the world's first true "stealth" fighter-bomber.[12] Northrop Grumman built a full-size non-flying reproduction of the V3, made out of wood primarily, unlike the original aircraft which had an extensive steel space-frame to which the wooden skin was bolted. The space-frame for the real aircraft was made from steel tubes up to 160mm in diameter, and provided the entire structure for the center section of the aircraft[14]. After an expenditure of about US$250,000 and 2,500 man-hours, Northrop's Ho 229 reproduction was tested at the company's RCS test range at Tejon, California, where it was placed on a 15-meter (50ft) articulating pole and exposed to electromagnetic energy sources from various angles, using the same three HF/VHF-boundary area frequencies in the 20–50MHz range used by the Chain Home.[12]

title: Bomber B

text: Desperation set in at the RLM, who had no other designs in the pipeline to fill the gap left if Bomber B did not work, even though some minor designs like the Henschel Hs 130, usually powered with two DB 603 or 605 engines, and the Dornier Do 317, itself being tried with the same, trouble-prone DB 606 or 610 "welded-together engines" on some of its prototype airframes were also being considered. A slightly improved Ju 88 — based on the prototype-only Ju 88B design — was ordered as the Ju 188, and several prototypes of stretched versions of existing bomber designs with four engines were also ordered, as with Junkers' own Ju 488 in 1943-44.

title: SNCAO 200

text: During the Battle of France, the prototype SNCAO 200 may have been used to defend the SNCAO factory at Villacoublay, and may even have shot down an attacking Heinkel He 111 bomber. The prototype was taken to Germany for evaluation following the 22 June Armistice between France and Germany.

title: Augsburg raid

text:
The bomber force was drawn from the two squadrons which had been issued the Lancaster: No. 44 (Rhodesia) Squadron and No. 97 Squadron. The aircraft would leave in the afternoon, cross northern France to Germany, make their attack as light faded, and then fly a direct return under the cover of darkness. 44 Squadron had the longest experience with the new aircraft, having received the prototype in September 1941. In command of the raid was Squadron Leader John Nettleton of 44 Squadron. A South African, he was an experienced pilot nearing the end of his first tour. 97 Squadron would be led by Squadron Leader John Sherwood.
Bomber Command crews were trained to fly on their own at altitude in trail and during the night. The crews were unfamiliar with low level flying, and they did not perform formation flying. A week before the operation the two squadrons were withdrawn from the bomber offensive and began training in low level formation flying. Each squadron would prepare seven Lancaster crews for the mission, but only six aircraft would go, with the seventh prepared as a spare.

title: 20 mm Polsten

text:
Polsten Guns, magazines and ammunition boxes were also made in Australia by General Motors Holden's in South Australias Woodville and Beverley Plants during WW2.
They were used by the Australian Army onshore and on small boats. Several prototype gun mountings were also developed but did not see service.

title: Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI

text: The R.VI was the most numerous of the R-bombers built by Germany, and also among the earliest closed-cockpit military aircraft (the first being the Russian Sikorsky Ilya Muromets). The bomber was reputedly the largest wooden aircraft to be produced in any quantity during World War I, with only the Siemens-Schuckert R.VIII prototype bomber of 1918–1919 being larger, with the Staaken R.VI's wingspan of nearly equaling that of the World War II Boeing B-29 Superfortress, and somewhat less than the span of the Siemens-Schuckert R.VIII.

title: Long Range Strike Bomber program

text: On 25 October 2013, Boeing and Lockheed Martin announced their teaming up for the LRS-B. Boeing will be the prime contractor. The two companies previously joined together for the program in 2008, but the partnership ended in 2010 when requirements shifted. Boeing believes that as the program had evolved, they can readdress their partnership to specifically address requirements. The team has Boeing's bomber experience and Lockheed Martin's stealth experience. At the time of the announcement, official details about the LRS-B were that it will likely be optionally manned and use stealth technology. On 30 January 2014, Northrop Grumman stated their intention to invest in developing needed technology for the bomber, such as stealth designs, mission management systems, and autonomous controls.

title: Consolidated B-24 Liberator

text: The B-24 bombers of the 308th Bombardment Group (Heavy) joined the Chinese Battlefield in March 1944 as the heavy bombers of the Fourteenth Air Force to fight against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War (WW2 in China). About 48 B-24Ms were provided by the U.S. to the Chinese Nationalists Airforce after WW2 and were used during the Chinese Civil War. The PLAAF had two B-24Ms captured from the Chinese Nationalists during the Chinese Civil War and operated until 1952.

title: Ural bomber

text: The He 177B, the later Heinkel He 274 high-altitude design; and by February 1943, the paper-only Heinkel He 277 "Amerika Bomber" — as the Heinkel firm's trans-Atlantic range design competition's candidate, forming the eventual trio of "four-engine" development programs emerging from the He 177A design, each being done entirely separate from the others — came the closest to providing the Luftwaffe with a true heavy bomber from the Heinkel firm's engineering departments. The original He 177A design, with its troublesome coupled Daimler-Benz 606 and 610 "power system" engines, was the basis for the He 177B and He 274 and the initial inspiration for the BMW 801 radial powered He 277, whose nosewheel-equipped fuselage for its "Amerika Bomber" design entry had much more of the general appearance of an enlarged Heinkel He 219 for its fuselage lines and layout. The conversion of four He 177As of various models was the method of creating the flying prototypes of the initial trio of He 177B prototypes built in Austria (with the V104 fourth prototype airframe underway), and the start of the construction of a pair of He 274 prototypes to be built in France. Both the quartet of commissioned He 177B prototype airframes and pair of He 274 prototypes used four individual Daimler-Benz DB 603 engines apiece, with the 274's powerplants having additional turbocharging for high-altitude flight, and would have provided the Luftwaffe with a bombing capability on par with RAF Bomber Command's Avro Lancaster.

title: Yehudi lights

text: The ability to approach a target unseen was rendered obsolete by advances in radar in the 1940s and 1950s. Since the development of stealth technology, Yehudi lights have attracted renewed interest, first in 1973 when McDonnell Douglas researched a "Quiet Attack" aircraft for the Office of Naval Research, modifying the F-4 Phantom with Yehudi lights on its underside, and later in the 1970s when Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works was contracted to develop a stealth aircraft prototype "Have Blue", which helped to guide the development of the F-117A stealth fighter and the B-2 stealth bomber. The "Have Blue" prototype was disruptively camouflaged to disguise its shape from casual onlookers, as well as being constructed of angled facets to reduce its radar cross-section. The use of any form of active camouflage, whether Yehudi lights or microwave emissions, was however rejected.

title: Ural bomber

text: Some sources contend that contrary to popular belief, it was not Kesselring who killed off the Ural bomber concept; rather it was Hermann Göring who ceased strategic bomber development in Nazi Germany before the start of World War II, upon the advice of Kesselring, Ernst Udet and Erhard Milch. Kesselring was a vocal supporter of twin engine bombers and backed up Udet who preferred dive bombers. This was the questionable decision that was made to convert the Ju 88 medium bomber and the even more disastrous decision to convert the Heinkel He 177 heavy bomber, into a form of "Big Stuka" dive bomber, on the very day it was given its RLM airframe number of 8-177 on November 5, 1937. This move countered the request of Ernst Heinkel one year later, for the third and fourth He 177 V-series prototypes to be specifically built as true, four-separately-engined heavy bomber prototypes, rather than with the specified pair of DB 606 "twinned DB 601" power systems, weighing some 1.5 tonnes apiece, required for the He 177A to have the streamlining to accomplish dive-bombing missions.

title: Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit

text:
By 1976, these programs had progressed to a position in which a long-range strategic stealth bomber appeared viable. President Carter became aware of these developments during 1977, and it appears to have been one of the major reasons the B-1 was canceled. Further studies were ordered in early 1978, by which point the Have Blue platform had flown and proven the concepts. During the 1980 presidential election campaign in 1979, Ronald Reagan repeatedly stated that Carter was weak on defense, and used the B-1 as a prime example. In response, on 22 August 1980 the Carter administration publicly disclosed that the United States Department of Defense was working to develop stealth aircraft, including a bomber.
The Advanced Technology Bomber (ATB) program began in 1979. Full development of the black project followed, and was funded under the code name "Aurora". After the evaluations of the companies' proposals, the ATB competition was narrowed to the Northrop/Boeing and Lockheed/Rockwell teams with each receiving a study contract for further work. Both teams used flying wing designs. The Northrop proposal was code named "Senior Ice" and the Lockheed proposal code named "Senior Peg". Northrop had prior experience developing the YB-35 and YB-49 flying wing aircraft. The Northrop design was larger while the Lockheed design included a small tail. In 1979, designer Hal Markarian produced a sketch of the aircraft, that bore considerable similarities to the final design. The Air Force originally planned to procure 165 of the ATB bomber.

title: John Glenn

text: Glenn was considered an expert in matters of science and technology due to his background. He was a supporter of continuing the B-1 bomber program, which he considered successful. This conflicted with President Carter's desire to fund the B-2 bomber program. Glenn did not fully support development of the B-2 because he had doubts about the feasibility of the stealth technology. He drafted a proposal to slow down the development of the B-2, which could have potentially saved money, but the measure was rejected.

title: Lockheed Martin FB-22

text: In February 2003, during a session with the House Committee on Armed Services, Air Force Secretary James Roche said that he envisioned a force of 150 FB-22s would equip the service. In 2004, Lockheed Martin officially presented the FB-22 to the Air Force to meet its requirement for a potential strategic bomber as an interim solution to become operational by 2018. Because of the work already done on the F-22, the cost of developing the FB-22 was estimated to be as low as 25% of developing a new bomber, with development expected to be US$5–7 billion (2002 dollars), including the airframe cost of US$1 billion (2003 dollars). It was later revealed that six different versions of the bomber were submitted, as targets, payload and range had yet to be defined. In addition, as a stealth bomber, the FB-22 was designed to carry weapons externally while maintaining stealth with the assistance of detachable and faceted pods dubbed "wing weapons bay"; previously, an aircraft could only remain stealthy if it carried its weapons internally. However, the FB-22 in its planned form appears to have been canceled in the wake of the 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review and subsequent developments as the Department of Defense favored a bomber with much greater range.

title: Stealth Records

text: In 2005, Stealth expanded into running its own events with a series called Stealth Live! The events have grown into a recurring series of club parties in major electronic music markets such as: The Netherlands, Germany, England, Spain and the U.S.

title: Stealth aircraft

text: During World War I, the Germans experimented with the use of "Cellon" (Cellulose acetate), a transparent covering material, in an attempt to reduce the visibility of military aircraft. Single examples of the Fokker E.III "Eindecker" fighter monoplane, the Albatros C.I two-seat observation biplane, and the Linke-Hofmann R.I prototype heavy bomber were covered with "cellon". In fact, sunlight glinting from the covering made the aircraft even more visible. The material was also found to be quickly degraded both by sunlight and in-flight temperature changes so the attempt to make transparent aircraft was not proceeded with.

title: Reculver

text: During the Second World War, the coastline east of the village was used to test prototypes of Barnes Wallis's bouncing bomb. This area was chosen for its seclusion, while the clear landmark of the church towers and the ease of recovering prototypes from the shallow water were probably also factors. Different, inert versions of the bomb were tested at Reculver, leading to the development of the operational version known as "Upkeep". This bomb was used by the RAF's 617 Squadron in Operation Chastise, otherwise known as the Dambuster raids, in which dams in the Ruhr district of Germany were attacked on the night of 16–17 May 1943 by formations of Lancaster bombers. On 17 May 2003 a Lancaster bomber overflew the Reculver testing site to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the exploit.

title: Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit

text: It was reported in 2011 that the Pentagon was evaluating an unmanned stealth bomber, characterized as a "mini-B-2", as a potential replacement in the near future. In 2012, Air Force Chief of Staff General Norton Schwartz stated the B-2's 1980s-era stealth technologies would make it less survivable in future contested airspaces, so the USAF is to proceed with the Next-Generation Bomber despite overall budget cuts. In 2012 projections, it was estimated that the Next-Generation Bomber would have an overall cost of $55 billion.

title: 4450th Tactical Group

text: In 1979, public leaks about the stealth fighter began to appear in the aviation press, but at the time it was little more than gossip. During the summer of 1980, the pace of stealth leaks picked up. In the week of 10 August, Aviation Week and Space Technology, The Washington Post, and ABC News all carried stories on stealth. (Up to this point, the popular press had ignored stealth). The stories said that stealth technology was being developed for several types of aircraft, including bombers. They reported that it used RAM and curved surfaces to reduce the radar return.(The latter was entirely inaccurate).

title: Mikulin AM-34

text: The M-34 was used in an unusual system, first tried by Imperial Germany in 1918 with a Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI, that used an external supercharger to supply pressurized air to the aircraft's M-34FRN engines. The first installation, designated ATsN-1 ("Agregat tsentral'novo nadduva" – central boosting unit), used an auxiliary M-34 fitted inside the fuselage to drive a central supercharger with ducts leading to the engines in the wings. This was flight-tested in a Tupolev TB-3 in 1935. It was adapted for use in a Petlyakov Pe-8 bomber prototype with a smaller Klimov M-100 engine substituted for the M-34 as the ATsN-2. It was flight-tested during 1938–39, but was not approved for production. The same idea was revived in 1943 by Nazi Germany with the Henschel Hs 130E bomber prototype series, with the "Höhen-Zentrale Anlage" unit.

title: Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit

text: The Northrop (later Northrop Grumman) B-2 Spirit, also known as the Stealth Bomber, is an American heavy penetration strategic bomber, featuring low observable stealth technology designed for penetrating dense anti-aircraft defenses; it is a flying wing design with a crew of two. The bomber can deploy both conventional and thermonuclear weapons, such as eighty -class (Mk 82) JDAM Global Positioning System-guided bombs, or sixteen B83 nuclear bombs. The B-2 is the only acknowledged aircraft that can carry large air-to-surface standoff weapons in a stealth configuration.

title: Military aircraft

text:
Bombers are normally larger, heavier, and less maneuverable than fighter aircraft. They are capable of carrying large payloads of bombs, torpedoes or cruise missiles. Bombers are used almost exclusively for ground attacks and not fast or agile enough to take on enemy fighters head-to-head. A few have a single engine and require one pilot to operate and others have two or more engines and require crews of two or more. A limited number of bombers, such as the B-2 Spirit, have stealth capabilities that keep them from being detected by enemy radar. An example of a conventional modern bomber would be the B-52 Stratofortress. An example of a World War II bomber would be a B-17 Flying Fortress.
Bombers include light bombers, medium bombers, heavy bombers, dive bombers, and torpedo bombers.

title: MBB Lampyridae

text: As early as 1975, West Germany is known to have conducted research into the field of stealth aircraft. During 1981, work commenced at MBB on developing a design for a viable stealth aircraft; the effort was supported by a contract that had been issued by the German Air Force. Also known as the "Medium Range Missile Fighter" (MRMF), it had been conceived that a fighter could be both lighter and cheaper if it was so superior at mid-range combat as to allow it to discard the requirement to perform close-range combat. Having been developed independently of other stealth aircraft, such as the American Lockheed Corporation's Have Blue technical demonstrator and its follow-up F-117 Nighthawk stealth attack aircraft, the Lampyridae nonetheless utilized a similar approach to achieving its low-observable characteristics.

title: Fairey Spearfish

text: The Fairey Spearfish was a British carrier-based, single-engined, torpedo bomber/dive bomber that was ordered from Fairey Aviation for the Fleet Air Arm during World War II. Designed during the war, the prototype did not fly until July 1945. Much larger than earlier naval bombers, it was designed for use aboard the large s that were cancelled after the war and was itself cancelled thereafter. Seven prototypes were ordered, but only five were built, of which four actually flew. They were mostly used for experimental work until the last aircraft was scrapped in 1952.

title: Junkers Ju 89

text: Under the Ural bomber programme, he began secret talks with two of Nazi Germany's leading aircraft manufacturers - Dornier and Junkers - requesting designs for a long-range bomber. The two companies responded with the Dornier Do 19 and the Junkers Ju 89, respectively, and the "Reichsluftfahrtministerium" (RLM) ordered prototypes for both aircraft in 1935. The RLM request asked for two prototypes and a prototype series of nine aircraft.

title: Ron Dellums

text: The B-2 Stealth Bomber is a long-range strategic bomber, that features stealth technology that makes it far less visible to radar. The B-2 was a major technological advance; however, it was designed during the Cold War for military scenarios that some argued were less relevant following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Its total program cost was estimated in 1997 at over US$2.2 billion per airplane.

title: Stealth technology

text: During World War I, the Germans experimented with the use of "Cellon" (Cellulose acetate), a transparent covering material, in an attempt to reduce the visibility of military aircraft. Single examples of the Fokker E.III "Eindecker" fighter monoplane, the Albatros C.I two-seat observation biplane, and the Linke-Hofmann R.I prototype heavy bomber were covered with "Cellon". In fact, sunlight glinting from the material made the aircraft even more visible. "Cellon" was also found to be quickly degraded both by sunlight and in-flight temperature changes so the attempt to make transparent aircraft was not proceeded with.

title: RAF Bitteswell

text: Construction of the grass airfield at RAF Bitteswell was started in March 1940 and it opened in June 1941. The original grass runways were replaced between February and June 1943 with concrete and asphalt. During WW2 it was used by the RAF for bomber operations and training. During and after WW2 it was also used for aircraft assembly, maintenance, and jet engine development.

title: Stealth technology

text: Development of modern stealth technologies in the United States began in 1958, where earlier attempts in preventing radar tracking of its U-2 spy planes during the Cold War by the Soviet Union had been unsuccessful. Designers turned to develop a particular shape for planes that tended to reduce detection by redirecting electromagnetic waves from radars. Radar-absorbent material was also tested and made to reduce or block radar signals that reflect off from the surface of planes. Such changes to shape and surface composition form stealth technology as currently used on the Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit "Stealth Bomber".

title: SNCASO SO.4000

text: The French Air Force drew up a requirement for a jet bomber shortly after the end of the Second World War, with the new bomber expected to have a weight of about 25–30 tonnes and to fly at high-subsonic speeds. Designs were tendered by SNCASO, the SO 4000 and by SNCAC, the SNCAC NC 270, which resulted in SNCASO receiving an order for two manned scale models, the first, the SNCASO M.1 - an unpowered glider which would be tested from atop the Heinkel He 274 V1, (as the French AAS 01A), the first prototype of Heinkel's prototype-only late-war high-altitude strategic bomber design, which had remained in France post-war and restored to flightworthiness by the French, while the SNCASO M.2 was powered by a single Rolls-Royce Derwent, and a full-size prototype, as did SNCAC.

title: Fokker XB-8

text: During assembly, the second prototype XO-27 was converted to a bomber prototype, dubbed the XB-8. While the XB-8 was much faster than existing biplane bombers, it did not have the bomb capacity to be considered for production. Two YB-8s and 4 Y1B-8s were ordered, but these were changed mid-production to Y1O-27 configuration.


query: Who published the Pokemon manga?

title: Pokémon Adventures

text: The series is written by Hidenori Kusaka and illustrated by Mato for the first nine volumes. When Mato became ill and was unable to continue illustrating the series, Satoshi Yamamoto took over as the illustrator and still continues as the series' artist.

title: Guardians of the Louvre

text: The Louvre commissioned Taniguchi to create the manga as part of The Louvre Collection, which features various comics artists' works on the museum, and he spent a month at the museum in May 2013. The manga was serialized in Shogakukan's manga magazine starting with the 19th issue, and the collected tankōbon was published on February 20, 2015, with a luxury edition in full color. The manga was published in France by the Louvre in collaboration with Futuropolis on November 21, 2014. The manga was translated into English by NBM Publishing, which listed it in October 2015, and published the manga on May 13, 2016. The manga is also licensed in Germany by Carlsen, in Italy by Rizzoli Lizard, and in Spain by Ponent Mon.

title: Sweet Blue Flowers

text: "Sweet Blue Flowers" is a manga series written and illustrated by Takako Shimura. It was serialized in Ohta Publishing's "Manga Erotics F" manga magazine between the 30th issue sold on November 17, 2004 and the 82nd issue released on July 6, 2013. Eight "tankōbon" volumes were released between December 15, 2005 and September 12, 2013 in Japan. The manga has been licensed for release in French by Asuka under the title "Fleurs Bleues". The series was released digitally in English on JManga, but after JManga closed down, Digital Manga Publishing took over the English-language publication rights. The series was later re-licensed in 2016 by Viz Media, who will publish the series in omnibus editions.

title: Rayquaza

text: Mega Rayquaza's power and appearance were well-received, with reviewers claiming "it’s safe to assume that badass is on its resume" upon its introduction. Its extreme strength in competitive play, though, eventually drew concern that it was "kind of overpowered." It became the first Pokemon to be banned from the community-selected "Uber tier", and has been banned in many official Pokemon competitions as well as in "The Battle Spot" in many Pokemon video games.

title: List of manga magazines published outside of Japan

text: The following is a list of notable manga magazines that were, and are published outside Japan. Not all magazines abroad published their own manga or had the rights to serialize manga originally published in Japan. To qualify for this list, the magazine has to have serialized manga included, or have a section discussing manga. Manga discussion can either be through reviews, or upcoming manga release info in detail. All magazine titles are written the same way in English, unless otherwise noted.

title: Osamu Tezuka

text: Tezuka came to the realization that he could use manga as a means of helping to convince people to care for the world. After World War II, at age 17, he published his first piece of work: "Diary of Ma-chan". Tezuka began talks with fellow manga artist Shichima Sakai, who had pitched Tezuka a manga based around the famous story "Treasure Island". Sakai promised Tezuka a publishing spot from Ikuei Shuppan if he would work on the manga. Tezuka finished the manga, only loosely basing it on the original work. "Shin Takarajima" ("New Treasure Island") was published and became an overnight success which began the golden age of manga, a craze comparable to American comic books at the time.

title: Ken Sugimori

text: For "Pokémon Black" and "White", Sugimori directed a team of 17 people in designing new characters for the games, though he always drew the final designs. He drew much of his inspiration from observing animals in aquariums and zoos. Sugimori has also written and illustrated original manga, including one which was distributed with pre-orders of . When he begins a new character, his process normally involves making a rough sketch, then tracing it onto film paper while polishing it and making the illustration more professional looking. After that, he draws the character many times, changing its proportions until he is satisfied. When designing a new Pokemon, Sugimori stated that "I do feel that I always want to show new Pokemon that people have never seen before. To do that, I think of ways that I can surprise the players."

title: Nao Yazawa

text: One of Yazawa's earliest manga works was a "dojinshi" work called "Itadaki! Panther" which ran in a small monthly magazine called "Pyon Pyon". Yazawa started with Shogakukan in 1990, during which she released "Wedding Peach". "Wedding Peach" ran in "Ciao" magazine from 1994 to 1996, published by Shogakukan for six tankōbon volumes, and was adapted into an anime series. She worked on several other stories until 2000.In 2003, she released the shojo manga "Nozomi", a story about a girl who makes a wish upon a falling star and meets a demon who teaches her about love. It was the first manga she drew for English readers. She attended Anime Expo that year to promote "Nozomi" and "Wedding Peach". In 2010, she released "Mizuki" through Digital Manga Publishing. The story is about a teenage girl who transforms into a devil whenever she gets angry and must fight a bevy of evil monsters. In 2011, she released "Moon and Blood" on Digital Manga Publishing in English prior to the Japanese release. "Moon and Blood" is about a teen vampire guy who stays with a family. In 2012, she begin teaching courses on how to make manga in Tokyo; this led to her creating online English courses as well as teaching overseas through Japan Foundation Toronto. In 2013, she published her autobiographical four-panel manga "Go-Go Nao-P" in English. She self-published the post-apocalyptic "Shinku-Chitai" ("The Isolated Zone") manga which was picked up by a German monthly magazine "Manga Power".

title: Bara (genre)

text: In 2013, Massive Goods was founded by Anne Ishii and Graham Kolbeins, two of the editors of "The Passion of Gengoroh Tagame", which creates English-language translations of gay manga and products featuring the works of gay manga artists. In December 2014, Fantagraphics and Massive published "Massive: Gay Erotic Manga And The Men Who Make It", the first English-language anthology of gay manga. Co-edited by Ishii, Kolbeins, and Chip Kidd, "Massive" was nominated for an Eisner Award for Best Anthology. From 2014 to 2016, German book publishing house Bruno Gmünder Verlag published works by Tagame, Takeshi Matsu, and Mentaiko Itto in English under their "Bruno Gmünder Gay Manga" imprint.

title: Aurora Publishing (United States)

text: Aurora Publishing, Inc. was the American subsidiary of Japanese publisher Ohzora Publishing, the leading "josei" manga publisher in Japan. Headquartered in Torrance, California, it licensed and published Japanese manga for the North American market. Aurora Publishing's first release was "Walkin' Butterfly" under the "shōjo" imprint "Aurora", which features manga targeting female readers in their teens and younger. Aurora Publishing also released manga under two other imprints: the "yaoi" imprint "Deux Press" featured female-oriented manga about homoerotic relations between beautiful men, while the "josei" imprint "Luv Luv" featured erotic romance manga targeting female readers in their late teens and up. Aurora Publishing distributed some of its manga via Netcomics. In 2010, the Aurora office in California closed. The former employees of Aurora Publishing went on to found Manga Factory. Manga Factory lasted until at least June, 2013 before it closed as well.

title: Bara (genre)

text: The first gay manga to receive an officially-licensed English-language translation was "Standing Ovations", a one-shot by Gengoroh Tagame published in the American erotic comics anthology "Thickness" (2011-2012). In 2012, Digital Manga published an English-language translation of Reibun Ike's "Hide and Seek", a gay manga/yaoi crossover originally published by Aqua Comics. In 2013, PictureBox published "The Passion of Gengoroh Tagame: Master of Gay Erotic Manga", the first book-length work of gay manga to be published in English.

title: Hungarian comics

text: In 2006 13,8% of the comics published that year for the bookstore market were related to manga/global manga. Although not too many manga were published in 2006, it was the breakthrough of that particular genre, style, stream with rapidly growing publication numbers. By 2009 58,1% of the comics published for that same market were manga. Apart from a few exceptions, manga published in Hungary usually come from the shōjo and shōnen demographic genres (primarily shōjo). Seinen manga are not as frequent as the prior two demographic genres, some examples include "Berserk", "Vampire Hunter D", "Dominion", "Who fighter with Heart of Darkness", "Blade of the Phantom Master", "Hoshi no Sabaku". (Latter is one of few manga, that's first Western edition was made by a Hungarian publisher.) Rare examples of gekiga comics were published in the international anthology series, "Papírmozi" presenting works by artists Yoshihiro Tatsumi, Katsuhiro Otomo.

title: Sangatsu Manga

text: Sangatsu Manga is a major manga publisher in Finland. It's a division of Tammi Publishers. In 2003 it became the first Finnish publisher to sell manga (Dragon Ball, respectably) in convenience stores and supermarkets, which triggered the current wave of manga publishing in Finland.

title: Orange (manga)

text: The original manga series is written and illustrated by Ichigo Takano, and originally began serialization on March 13, 2012 in Shueisha's "Bessatsu Margaret", however switched to Futabasha's "Monthly Action" in 2013. The first tankōbon was released by Shueisha on July 25, 2012, who published two volumes of the series. The first two volumes were later republished by Futabasha on December 25, 2013. The manga ended serialization on August 25, 2015, and the fifth volume was published on November 12, 2015. It was later announced that an additional sixth volume based on "Orange: Future" would serve as the final volume, which was released on May 31, 2017. The series is licensed in English in North America by Seven Seas Entertainment, who published the series in two omnibus volumes. Crunchyroll Manga simulpublished the series on their website.

title: Pokemón

text: Pokemones dressed similarly to other urban tribes, such as otaku and emo, but they were not followers of anime like the former, nor shared the musical tastes of the latter. Apart from borrowing aspects from the emo, like the sideswept bangs, the Pokemones also shared some aspects typical to the punk and the local "hardcore" subculture. Pokemones were livelier, more extroverted than the emo and otaku stereotypes. Most Pokemones were teens. During parties they danced to reggaeton music, while kissing and groping with as many people (male or female) as they could, which they called "poncear". They made extensive use of the Internet, trading photos of themselves on image-sharing site Fotolog and communicating through MSN Messenger.

title: Voice Over! Seiyu Academy

text: "Seiyū ka-!" debuted in the 14th issue of the shojo manga magazine "Hana to Yume". The manga is the second manga series by Maki Minami, who created the popular series "". The first tankōbon edition of the manga was released on December 18, 2009 by Hakusensha. Viz Media has published the manga in English.

title: Wandering Island

text: The manga was first published as part of Kodansha's manga anthology "" on July 13, 2010. It continued sporadic serialization in Kodansha's manga magazine "Afternoon" in 2012. Kodansha published the first collected volume on October 21, 2011 and the second on November 21, 2017. In December 2015, Dark Horse Comics announced that it had licensed the manga in North America, publishing the first volume on July 26, 2016. The manga has also been published in Taiwan by Tong Li Publishing.

title: Manga outside Japan

text: Manga, or Japanese comics, have appeared in translation in many different languages in different countries. France represents about 40% of the European manga market and in 2011 manga represented 40% of the comics being published in the country. In 2007, 70% of the comics sold in Germany were manga. In the United States, manga comprises a small (but growing) industry, especially when compared to the inroads that Japanese animation has made in the USA. One example of a manga publisher in the United States, VIZ Media, functions as the American affiliate of the Japanese publishers Shogakukan and Shueisha. The UK has fewer manga publishers than the U.S.

title: Pokémon Diamond and Pearl

text: Competetive battling in Pokemon became a lot more popular with "Diamond and Pearl". The physical special split allowed Pokemon such as Gengar and Gyarados to use their higher attacking stat and gave special/physical coverage moves to formerly all-physical/special types, and online play made Pokemon battling possible all over the world.

title: Digital Manga

text: Digital Manga is a company that licenses and releases, in English, Japanese manga, anime, and related merchandise. The company has several subdivisions: Digital Manga Publishing, which publishes Japanese manga, novels and instructional and illustration books in North America with multiple imprints, and 801 Media, a sister company that focuses on more explicit "yaoi" manga works. Digital Manga also owns and operates eManga, a digital publishing site for manga and light novels, that publishes both Digital Manga titles as well as e-book versions of works from other publishers. Non-publishing divisions include Pop Japan Travel, a tour service; and several e-retail sites for their books and for import products, including Akadot Retail and Yaoi Club. The company's headquarters are in Suite 300 in the 1487 West 178th Street building in Gardena, California, United States. Since 2011 Digital Manga has been utilizing Kickstarter as their means of publishing, starting with restocking out of print Osamu Tezuka's titles to the most popular title The Finder series by Yamane Ayano.

title: Seven Seas Entertainment

text: Seven Seas Entertainment is a publishing company located in Los Angeles, California. It was originally dedicated to the publication of original manga, but now publishes licensed manga and light novels, as well as select webcomics. The company is headed by Jason DeAngelis, who coined the term "World Manga" with the October 2004 launch of the company's web site.

title: Yoshihiro Yonezawa

text: Born in Kumamoto, Japan, on March 21, 1953, Yoshihiro Yonezawa began drawing parodies of his favourite manga characters when he was a child. In 1969, Yonezawa joined the staff of Kyukon at age 16. He began criticising manga while he was studying engineering at Meiji University, as part of the group Meikyu. Yonezawa has said that in the early 1970s, mostly mainstream manga were published, as there were few manga magazines at that time. "COM", a manga magazine with a reputation for publishing experimental manga had closed in 1972, and Yonezawa believed that by 1973 and 1974, it was very difficult to publish "unusual" works in anything other than "underground" zines devoted to dōjinshi. To explore the potential of the medium, he co-founded Comiket (The Comic Market) in 1975 with Harada Teruo (chairman) and Aniwa Jun, who were university students. Comiket is a bi-annual, 3-day event where dōjinshi manga is brought and traded. Yonezawa's publication of "The History of Post War Manga Trilogy" in 1980 showed his devotion to reviewing and chronicling manga. He was a judge for the Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize. In 1999, he received the 21st Japan Society of Publishing Studies Award for Bessatsu Taiyo: Hakkinbon. Since 1999, he regularly reviewed manga on his column, "Yoshihiro Yonezawa's Commentary on Contemporary ", in Media Factory's "Monthly Comic Flapper" until October 2006. He was posthumously awarded the 2007 Seiun Award in the special category, and the special Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize in 2010.

title: Princess Tutu

text: A manga adaptation of the anime series was written by Mizuo Shinonome and published in Japan by Akita Shoten in the shōnen manga magazine "Champion Red". Two tankōbon volumes of the manga series were published in 2003. The Japanese manga series was translated to English and published in North America by ADV Manga in two volumes.

title: Yumeria

text: was also adapted into manga series illustrated by Katsura Yukimaru and published by Media Works. The series was published in the manga Dengeki Daioh in 2003. A related manga series, , was published by Media Works in the manga Dengeki Daioh in 2004. Neither manga series was ever released in English nor licensed for distribution outside Japan.

title: Tomoko Taniguchi

text: Taniguchi's manga have been published by MB (My Birthday) in Japanese and by CPM Manga in English. She has published 9 volumes of manga total. Her first published manga was "Anpan Balance", which won silver at the 4th Omacomi Manga School Contest. "Anpan Balance" was later released in the manga "Let's Stay Together Forever"; the title story of that book was her second published story.

title: Egmont Manga & Anime

text: In 2000, Ehapa published manga directed toward Japanese readers for the first time, with "Wedding Peach". In October of the same year, the firm Egmont Manga & Anime (EMA) was founded. Since then, the head of the publisher has been Georg F.W. Tempel, who had already been responsible for the previous manga publications as the former chief editor for trend subjects at Ehapa. EMA is the first German manga publisher to have an advisor directly on location in Japan.

title: Ribon Original

text: Ribon Original was a shōjo manga magazine published by Shueisha. It was a sister magazine of "Ribon", and was published from 1981 until 2006. New and up-and-coming Ribon manga artists often had their first short stories published in this magazine. Established "Ribon" manga artists who had a decrease in popularity also had short stories or short series in "Ribon Original", and side stories to series currently running in Ribon were also in this magazine. Yonkoma manga that are published in Ribon also concurrently ran in "Ribon Original".

title: Manga Dogs

text: Manga Dogs, known in Japan as , is a "shōjo" manga series by Ema Tōyama. The story follows Kanna, a fifteen-year-old manga artist who, already published as a pro joins her school's new manga course. Trying to finish her deadlines for her ongoing running manga series, she meets three boys who ask her to teach them Manga and have delusions of their own about being manga artists. The series was serialized in the shōjo manga magazine Aria (magazine), and has been released in North America by Kodansha USA. Overall, the series has received mixed reviews but made the New York Times best seller list for the week of October 19–26, 2014.

title: Dreamland Japan

text: Dreamland Japan is a 1996 book by Frederik L. Schodt published by Stone Bridge Press that was intended as a "sequel" to Schodt's 1983 book "Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics". It includes information on several major manga magazines (including eight full-color pages of magazine covers) and manga writers and artists, including many who are little-known outside Japan. The book also includes an extensive chapter on manga "god" Osamu Tezuka and information on developments in manga that took place since the publication of "Manga! Manga!", such as the use of manga as propaganda by the Aum Shinrikyo cult, the evolution of "otaku" culture, and the role of computers in manga creation.

title: Manga Burikko

text: Following is a list of some of the manga artists who have had works published in "Manga Burikko":

title: Pokémon: Magikarp Jump

text: Magikarp Jump has been largely well-received since its release in 2017. The game is interactive, and overall a delight to fans of Pokemon, as well as overall gamers. This app creates a bright aesthetic for the Pokemon Company, and shows overall success in upcoming years. Pokemon has been greatly praised for such an app, and still keeps getting good reviews on this app to this day. The gameplay, along with the fast paced software, gives gamers a improving game that they can play with less of a chance of a glitch and restarting of the game. The app provides fans and gamers alike with also a appealing looking app, that gives creativity and enjoyment. The game provides users with a clean, and imaginative game, that becomes enjoyable and positive through each playthrough. Pokemon fans are praising the app on the well paced, yet addicting attributes in which this app posses. Meanwhile gamers, whether fans of the Pokemon series or not, praise the game on good visuals, and overall well paced gameplay. With such attributes, this app is a popular success, and overall is a game many gamers, Pokemon fans and non Pokemon fans can enjoy. Therefore with the like of Apple and iOS, this app can be played on nearly any mobile device, and with positive reviews still being made of this game, Pokemon fans and more can be more into mobile games such as this one.


query: When was the DS released?

title: Nintendo DS

text: The Nintendo DS,[lower-alpha 2] or simply DS, is a dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. The device went on sale in North America on November 21, 2004. The DS, short for "Developers' System" or "Dual Screen",[4] introduced distinctive new features to handheld gaming: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one featuring a touchscreen), a built-in microphone, and support for wireless connectivity.[5] Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network. Alternatively, they could interact online using the now-defunct Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service. Its main competitor was Sony's PlayStation Portable as part of the seventh generation era. It was likened to the Nintendo 64 from the 1990s, which led to several N64 ports such as Super Mario 64 DS and Diddy Kong Racing DS, among others.

title: IQue

text:
The iQue DS is the mainland Chinese version of the Nintendo DS. It was released on July 23, 2005. 6 games have been released for the console. It is the only version of the Nintendo DS to have a regional lockout, so iQue DS games cannot be played on Nintendo DS systems from other regions.
A Chinese version of Big Brain Academy was also planned, but cancelled. It appeared on the official iQue DS Lite trailer.
Games:
The iQue DS Lite is the Chinese version of the Nintendo DS Lite. It plays Nintendo DS games and it is smaller than the original DS and it has a brighter screen than the original DS. It was released in June 2006.

title: List of Hollyoaks characters (2014)

text: DS Thorpe is present at the Roscoes' house when Kim reveals that Freddie will go back there, but he leaves after Freddie doesn't show up. After Lindsey plants evidence at the McQueen household, DS Thorpe questions Phoebe over the murder and later charges her with it. Sinead O'Connor (Stephanie Davis) later approaches DS Thorpe and tells him that she believes that Grace committed the crime after she is threatened by her. DS Thorpe arrests Grace after he listens to a recorded conversation between her and Sinead which leads him to believe that she committed the crime. When Mercedes is taken back to England, she is interviewed by DS Thorpe over her disappearance. He later takes a statement from Joe after he is assaulted, as well as interviewing Tegan Lomax (Jessica Ellis) after Rose Lomax is kidnapped. He releases Tony Hutchinson (Nick Pickard) after he is arrested and arranges a press conference, where Tony reveals that Diane O'Connor (Alex Fletcher) had borrowed his car which leads to DS Thorpe arresting her. He later arrests Tegan for perverting the course of justice when it is discovered that she was in possession of Rose. DS Thorpe speaks at her court hearing and reveals that she was planning on fleeing the country with Rose and Ziggy Roscoe (Fabrizio Santino).

title: Boss DS-1

text: Boss released a successor, the DS-2. The DS-2, "Turbo Distortion" was released in 1987, and is very similar to the DS-1 except that it features a "turbo" setting, which produces a sharper midrange tone. Boss released a black limited edition 40th Anniversary model of the DS-1 in 2017.

title: Advance Wars: Dual Strike

text: On October 7, 2004, "Dual Strike" was first announced under the title "Advance Wars: DS" as a first-party DS release in a Nintendo press release and it was to be released in the year following the DS's release. In March, the Japanese release date was revealed to be June 23, 2005, under the title "Famicom Wars DS". The American release date was also set to October 9, 2005. In May, the game was showcased at the 2005 Electronic Entertainment Expo, when the official title was also announced. The final American release date for "Dual Strike" was set to August 22, 2005 and the European release date was set for September 30, 2005.

title: Super Mario 64 DS

text: "Super Mario 64 DS" was first released in North America for the Nintendo DS on November 21, 2004 as a launch title for the system. On June 5, 2011, the game was repackaged in a red-colored case (along with "New Super Mario Bros.", "Mario Kart DS", "Mario Party DS", "" and "") in tandem with a price drop of $99 for the DS. "Super Mario 64 DS" was later rereleased in Japan for the Wii U as a part of the Virtual Console line of games on January 6, 2016, and was later released in North America in August of that year.

title: Disgaea: Hour of Darkness

text: On March 7, NIS America released a statement on the North American release of a new edition of "Disgaea: Hour of Darkness" for the Nintendo DS. The game will be a port of the PSP version, and will include multiplayer gameplay and Etna mode. In order to fully utilize the Nintendo DS' capabilities, several key improvements will be made to the user interface and game system. However, many features from the PSP edition were dropped, including the option to toggle between English and Japanese dialogue, and many additional voiceovers, probably due to the limited storage capacity of the DS game card. For several years, "Disgaea DS" was the only "Disgaea" game released for a Nintendo system (and until the release of "Disgaea PC", the only release on a non-Sony platform), until the release of "Disgaea 5 Complete" for the Nintendo Switch in 2017, 9 years after "Disgaea DS"' release.

title: SimCity DS 2

text: SimCity DS 2 is a city-building game for the Nintendo DS video game console. The follow-up to "SimCity DS", it was released in Japan on March 19, 2008. It was released in Europe, North America, and Australia under the name SimCity Creator in September 2008.

title: Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars

text: "Chinatown Wars" was released on iPhone and iPod Touch on 17 January 2010. The touchscreen minigame mechanics originally seen in the Nintendo DS version returned in a similar fashion. The graphics, when compared to the DS and PSP versions, are not cel-shaded like the DS version and lack the ambient lighting and effects seen in the PSP version. An update released on 28 March 2010 added the radio stations that were formerly exclusive to the PSP version.

title: Datsun DS series

text: The Datsun DS-4 (the DS-3 designation was skipped) was released in 1952 and was the first four-door car (along with the DB-4) to have the Datsun name. The styling was a nightmare (it looked like five different cars put together). The drivetrain carried over from the DS-2, although the chassis was lengthened for the larger passenger compartment. The front doors were rear-hinged while the rear doors were front-hinged. The front end was similar to the DS-2 but with a different grille; the front of the hood spelled out "DATSUN" in individual chrome letters. The DS-4 was in production until late 1953, when it was replaced by the Datsun DS-5.

title: Littlest Pet Shop (video game)

text: In Fall 2008, the "Littlest Pet Shop" was released for Wii, Microsoft Windows, and Nintendo DS. For Nintendo DS, the game was initially released in three versions: Jungle, Garden and Winter, each with different pets. A fourth DS version, Spring, was released in March 2009. The Wii version has all the pets from the DS versions (excluding Spring edition). The PC version is the same as the Wii. The DS versions contained 20 pets and featured over 150 accessories for them.

title: Duke Nukem

text: When "Duke Nukem Trilogy" was announced during 2008, it was intended for release on the Nintendo DS and PlayStation Portable (PSP). Each game in the series was to have two versions that shared the same story – the Nintendo DS game was a side-scrolling affair, while the PSP version was to be a third-person shooter not unlike . The PSP version was said to be the more adult-oriented of the two games. It is unknown precisely when the PSP versions of the "Duke Nukem Trilogy" games were cancelled, however the drawn-out development of the title, low quality of the game and the poor sales of PSP software since 2008 were likely factors. Only the DS version of the first game "Critical Mass" was released.

title: ZhuZhu Pets

text: In 2010 the first "ZhuZhu Pets" video game was released for Nintendo DS, iPhone, and PC. The sequel, "ZhuZhu Pets 2: Featuring The Wild Bunch", was also released for Nintendo DS and Wii, as well as "ZhuZhu Pets: Kung Zhu" for Nintendo DS. In 2011 "ZhuZhu Princess: Carriages & Castles" and "ZhuZhu Puppies" were released for Nintendo DS.

title: Datsun DS series

text: The Datsun DS-5 was released in 1953 and was the same as the DS-4 except for the engine, which was changed to the new 860cc D10 engine (basically a stroked Type 7 engine) producing 25 horsepower. The grille was changed sometime in 1954. The DS-5 was in production until 1954, when it was replaced by the completely redesigned Datsun DS-6.

title: Golden Nugget Casino DS

text: Golden Nugget Casino DS is a 2005 video game developed by American studio Skyworks Interactive and released by Majesco Entertainment for the Nintendo DS. The game, named for the Las Vegas casino of the same name, is the first "Golden Nugget" themed game released for the DS. A prior game was released for the Game Boy Advance in 2004 (this Game Boy Advance game was later released again in 2005 as a 2 Games in 1 pack along with "Texas Hold Em Poker"), and another prior game was released for the Nintendo 64 (called "Golden Nugget 64") back in 1998.

title: Datsun DS series

text: The Datsun DS-2 was released in 1951 and was completely redesigned with modern styling (the front end resembled a scaled-down Willys Jeep). The DS-2 was now based on the Datsun 5147 truck and the drivetrain was carried over from the DS. The DS-2 and later DS models were marketed as a less expensive (and basic) alternative to the more upscale DB. The DS-2 was known in Japan as the "Square Dandy" thanks to its square and boxy styling; the DS-2 was in production until 1952, when it was replaced by the Datsun DS-4.

title: Satoru Iwata

text: Subsequent iterations of the Nintendo DS, the DS Lite and DSi, also saw positive sales. The DS Lite improved upon the original DS, featuring brighter screens and a slimmer design in accordance with consumer demand. Released in March 2006 in Japan and three months later worldwide, the DS Lite ultimately sold nearly 94 million units. Statistics showed that households often shared a single DS, and Iwata sought to expand this from one per household to one per person. The console's third iteration, the DSi, embodies this idea with the "i" representing a single person. Despite concerns that the video game market was already over saturated by the DS and DS Lite, Iwata was confident that the DSi would sell, especially in European markets. The DSi built upon the success of the DS Lite by similarly meeting consumer demand. In addition to being slimmed further, the DSi featured two cameras, SD card support, an audio reader, and the "Nintendo DSi Shop". The relatively quick succession of the DS Lite and DSi broke the conventional pattern for release of game systems, each being released roughly 18 months apart instead of 5 years. Iwata saw the gradual price drop in the five-year cycle as a way of indirectly telling consumers to wait to purchase products and a punishment for those who bought it at launch. He sought to alleviate this issue with the quick releases.

title: Wii

text: The Wii system supports wireless connectivity with the Nintendo DS without any additional accessories. This connectivity allows the player to use the Nintendo DS microphone and touchscreen as inputs for Wii games. The first game utilizing Nintendo DS-Wii connectivity is "Pokémon Battle Revolution". Players with either the "Pokémon Diamond" or "Pearl" Nintendo DS games are able to play battles using the Nintendo DS as a controller. "", released on both Nintendo DS and Wii, features connectivity in which both games can advance simultaneously. Nintendo later released the Nintendo Channel, which allows Wii owners to download game demos or additional data to their Nintendo DS in a process similar to that of a DS Download Station. The console is also able to expand Nintendo DS games.

title: Baten Kaitos: Eternal Wings and the Lost Ocean

text:
Prior to "Origins" release, in December 2004, another title, "Baten Kaitos DS", was on Nintendo's list of upcoming games scheduled for their then-upcoming Nintendo DS platform, alongside a "Xenosaga DS". While the "Xenosaga" title was later released as "Xenosaga I & II", the "Baten Kaitos DS" title was never further detailed, and later disappeared from Namco's own list of upcoming games in October 2005. In August 2006, when Monolith Soft's president was questioned about the title, responded that the team was "strongly willing to develop [it]", but that questions on the project needed to be directed to their publisher, Namco. A Namco representative further clarified that "The "Baten Kaitos DS" project has been stopped once. Further development
is currently undecided at this point." A month later, Monolith Soft producer Mirohide Sugiura offered a similar response stating that, "The plan for a DS version [was] currently pending, and [they were] awaiting direction from the publisher." The game was not mentioned further by either company outside of a brief listing almost immediately taken down on Namco's Japanese website in 2008, and is generally not believed to be in production.

title: Barbara McClintock

text: She observed the effects of the transposition of "Ac" and "Ds" by the changing patterns of coloration in maize kernels over generations of controlled crosses, and described the relationship between the two loci through intricate microscopic analysis. She concluded that "Ac" controls the transposition of the "Ds" from chromosome 9, and that the movement of "Ds" is accompanied by the breakage of the chromosome. When "Ds" moves, the aleurone-color gene is released from the suppressing effect of the "Ds" and transformed into the active form, which initiates the pigment synthesis in cells. The transposition of "Ds" in different cells is random, it may move in some but not others, which causes color mosaicism. The size of the colored spot on the seed is determined by stage of the seed development during dissociation. McClintock also found that the transposition of "Ds" is determined by the number of "Ac" copies in the cell.

title: Mario's Picross

text: The series had a hiatus until 2007, when "Picross DS" for the Nintendo DS was released worldwide. "Picross DS" was quite well-received in comparison to "Mario's Picross" upon its release. This success led to Nintendo Picross games becoming a worldwide series, with games appearing on future iterations of Nintendo handhelds, including "Picross 3D", a 3D re-imagining of traditional Picross, the "Picross e" series, on Nintendo 3DS, and "Picross S", on Nintendo Switch. "Mario's Picross" was re-released on the Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console on July 14, 2011. Being the original iteration of the series, other "Mario" video games have referenced "Picross". "Picross DS" features downloadable puzzles taken from "Mario's Picross". The explorer attire Mario wears both in-game and in promotional material makes a cameo appearance in "Super Mario Odyssey" as an unlockable costume Mario is able to wear.

title: Nintendo DS Lite

text: A larger model of the DS Lite was an unreleased alternative to the DS Lite. It was ready for mass production, but Nintendo decided against its release as sales of the DS Lite were still strong. Instead Nintendo prepared the DSi and released a "DSi XL" version of that console a year later.

title: The Silver Case

text: Suda had wanted to re-release the game in some form, but similar issues with its story and dialogue initially kept it exclusive to Japan. A remake for the Nintendo DS was announced in 2007. It was also announced that it would receive a Western release. Suda chose the platform as it was the most popular gaming console at the time. The gameplay was revamped to work with the DS' dual screen and touchscreen functions, but he also wanted the title to be more "complete" as it was Grasshopper Manufacture's first title. No extra storyline was created. During this period, Suda was also working on "", and so when asked about the game, said that its Western release needed time. Suda later stated in 2009 that the DS port was "up in the air": while the game had been successfully ported to DS, Suda and his team felt that they needed to completely remake the title to fit in with current gaming trends. Suda eventually confirmed in February 2012 that the DS port would not be released. Speaking in later interviews, Suda said that the DS port was cancelled because it did not feel right, as would have needed drastic changes to suit its new environment.

title: Datsun DS series

text: The Datsun DS-6 Convar was released in 1954 and was more modern and attractive compared to the DS-4 and DS-5. The DS-6 was based on the DS-5 and used its drivetrain. The front-end was unique with a flat panel (with "DATSUN" in individual letters) between the hood opening and the grille, which was oval-shaped that was split by the bumper bar. The trunk lid lifted up rather than folded down. The DS-6 was in production until December 1954, when it was replaced by the all new Datsun 110.

title: Nintendo DS Lite

text: The Nintendo DS Lite was officially released in Europe on June 23, 2006, for £99.99 in the UK, €149.99 in the Eurozone. In Finland and Sweden, the DS Lite was released on June 22, 2006, due to Midsummer. In just 10 days, Nintendo announced it had sold 200,000 Nintendo DS Lites in Europe.

title: Crosswords DS

text: Crosswords DS (also known as CrossworDS) and as Nintendo presents: Crossword Collection in PAL regions is a puzzle video game developed by American studio Nuevo Retro games released by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. It was previously released in Australia as CrossworDS but a new OFLC entry confirms that Nintendo Australia is re-releasing it with a European localization. It was first released in North America, and has since been released in Australia. "Crosswords DS" features over 1,000 crossword puzzles that the player solves by using the stylus. Despite the title, it also features word search puzzles and anagram puzzles. It makes use of similar handwriting mechanics that the "Brain Age" titles make use of. "Crosswords DS" is included in the "Touch! Generations" series of titles, which includes such popular games as "" and "Nintendogs". The background music was composed by Fabian Del Priore.

title: Nintendo Zone

text: The DS Download Station was an in-store demo service launched by Nintendo in early 2006. As the name states, these are stations that can be used to download game demos and trailers to a Nintendo DS. The download station consists of a standard retail DS hidden inside a sealed box with a special DS Download Station cartridge inserted in it. The cartridge acts as a server for customers to download new game demos or videos. When Nintendo releases a new demo cartridge to retailers, they simply load the cartridge into the DS locked in the sealed box.

title: Nintendo DS Lite

text:
The Nintendo DS Lite was released on March 2, 2006 in Japan, with the suggested retail price of ¥16,800, but due to lack of supply and excessive demand of Nintendo DS systems at retail price following the Nintendo DS Lite's launch in Japan, many Asian electronics distributors raised the retail price of the redesigned handheld console to ¥23,300. On some Japanese auction sites it was being offered for prices as high as ¥40,000.
Even though Nintendo managed to release 550,000 units in March 2006 (which was above their initial projections), the DS Lite was sold out soon after its launch. The shortage was supposed to be eased after Nintendo released 700,000 Nintendo DS Lites during April 2006; however, retailers in Tokyo sold out yet again by late May 2006. This shortage would last for most of 2006 and 2007 with retailers all around the country having permanent ads apologizing for the shortage and announcing the ignorance of when a restock would arrive. When the product arrived, it would sell out within days. Since restocking was erratic, looking for the product often involved several visits to different retailers, and most of the time without finding the product. This was still the case in Japan as of April 25, 2007, with stores turning away potential customers every day and selling out quickly.

title: KORG DS-10

text: A newer, DSi compatible version, entitled KORG DS-10 Plus, was released in Japan on September 17, 2009 and in the United States on February 16, 2010. It doubles the number of synth and drum machines when played on DSi/3DS system. It also adds some minor new features for the standard DS.

title: Monster Rancher DS

text: The game was announced on May 23, 2008 and would be released in Japan as "Monster Farm DS 2: Yomigaeru! Master Breeder Densetsu". At that time no localization for the first game, "Monster Farm DS" had been announced for North America. This gave rise to speculation that both games would not be localized in North America at all which would be a first for the series since every past game in the series had been localized with all of the past portable titles: "Monster Rancher Advance" and "Monster Rancher Advance 2" being released in North America. However, on November 10, 2009 this speculation was proven untrue when it was announced that "Monster Farm DS 2" would be released in North America as "Monster Rancher DS" with the first DS game, "Monster Farm DS" not being localized in favor of its sequel. This announcement came a year after its original Japanese release and came as a surprise to many fans who had lost hope.

title: Rumble Pak

text: Although the Rumble Pak works with both the Nintendo DS and the redesigned Nintendo DS Lite, it protrudes from the Nintendo DS Lite when inserted, as do Game Boy Advance cartridges, because of the Nintendo DS Lite's smaller size. For this reason, a smaller version of the Rumble Pak is available in Japan, which is flush with the system when inserted. It was initially available in just black, but other colors produced by unlicensed accessory manufacturer eWin, such as white (see picture), have been released. Other color variations been released by eWin.