ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General Business Development
The Company was formed on August 4, 2015 in the State of Nevada.
History
BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada) - [BioCrude Canada]
On October 27, 2008, Mr. John Moukas incorporated, under Canadian Laws, BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada).
On December 15, 2012, BioCrude Canada engaged in an “Agreement for Purchase of Assets and Assumption of Liabilities" with 9175 1925 Quebec Inc., whereby BioCrude Canada has purchased all of the Assets (including assumption of all liabilities - Outstanding Subscriptions) of 9175 1925 Quebec Inc. under the following purchase terms:
The total price paid by BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada) to 9175 1925 Quebec Inc. for all the assets of same was six hundred seventy-five thousand dollars ($675,000).
BioCrude Canada agreed to assume all of the 9175 1925 Quebec Inc.’s Outstanding Subscriptions, totaling six hundred thirty-seven thousand one hundred and twenty-five dollars ($637,125) plus an amount due to Mr. John Moukas, totaling twenty-four thousand six hundred and two dollars ($24,602), and to remit to 9175 1925 Quebec Inc. an amount of thirteen thousand two hundred and seventy-three dollars ($13,273).
The purpose of the transaction was to transfer assets from a holding company into a newly defined and organized federal corporation for the development and operation of waste management services.
Following is a list of assets BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada) purchased from 9175 1925 Quebec Inc.:
(“IP and Goodwill / Incubated Works of Lobbying” & Contracts)
Assets:
Ø All intellectual property (fungal technology and integrated systems) as well as knowhow developed and acquired;
Ø All established alliances and clientele base/incubated works (both Local and International);
Ø Goodwill established in the realms of Waste Management via the years of lobbying to different countries worldwide;
Nota Bene - Mr. John Moukas was 100% stakeholder of 9175 1925 Quebec Inc.
- Mr. John Moukas was 100% stakeholder (39,500,000 common shares) of BioCrude Canada.
Engagement Transaction - By and Between the “Company” and “BioCrude Canada”
On December 29, 2015, the Company engaged in an “Agreement for Purchase of Assets and Assumption of Liabilities" with BioCrude Canada, whereby the Company has purchased all of the Assets (including assumption of all liabilities - Outstanding Subscriptions) of BioCrude Canada under the following purchase terms:
The total price paid by the Company to BioCrude Canada for all the assets of BioCrude Canada was 39,500,000 shares of the Company’s capital stock (direction of payment to BioCrude Canada’s respective shareholders) and the assumption of all of the Loans and Convertible Loans of BioCrude Canada, provided that any and all references therein to the rights of the creditors to convert their respective outstanding loan amounts in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Loans and Loans into equity of BioCrude Canada shall be adjusted and amended to reflect these outstanding amounts now be convertible or exchangeable, as the case may be, into the same amount of shares of the Company’s common stock, all on the same terms and conditions set out in the respective agreements. The Company is also obligated to execute all of the “Outstanding Subscriptions” assumed, and issue 669,000 shares of its common stock to the respective Subscribers, respecting the terms, conditions and caveats of the Subscription Agreements, as established, by and between each Subscriber and BioCrude Canada.
The purpose of the transaction was to transfer the assets needed for the company’s operation into an entity which could be listed on a U.S. stock exchange in order to raise the funds needed for operation in the most uncomplicated way.
Following is a list of assets BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. (Nevada) purchased from BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada):
(“IP and Goodwill / Incubated Works of Lobbying” & Contracts)
Assets:
Ø All intellectual property (fungal technology and integrated systems) as well as knowhow developed and acquired;
Ø All established alliances and clientele base/incubated works (both Local and International);
Ø Goodwill established in the realms of Waste Management via the years of lobbying to different countries worldwide;
Ø Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros Concession & Power Purchase Agreements.
Nota Bene: On October 9, 2015, the Company issued a combined total of 5,129,490 Class “A” Shares of BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc.’s (Nevada) capital stock as a form of “Gratitude Stock” to 80 beneficiaries. Gratitude Stock has been issued by the Company to “Grantees”(beneficiaries), as a form of compensation in lieu of monetary payment for various reasons encompassing the following: services rendered, engagement of services, appreciation of services, appreciation of commitment and continual loyalty of persons to BioCrude, compensation for/of services and/or circumstances, and any and all circumstances related to encouraging, for added value to same, employees, contractors, agents of the Corporation, amongst other persons engaging with the Corporation, whilst sustaining and enhancing the goodwill of the Corporation.
The Company, upon assuming all Loans and Convertible Loans, shall honour any and all terms, conditions, stipulations, caveats, amongst any and all other provisions inherent within the realms of same, and more particularly, the Convertible Loans, if exercised, will be converted at the face value of the stipulations within the contractual engagements.
- Mr. John Moukas owns 38,000,000 common shares of BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada).
- Mrs. Cerasela Tesleanu (spouse of Mr. John Moukas) owns 1,500,000 common shares of BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada) (Mr. John Moukas gifted same to spouse on Dec. 18, 2015 from his original holdings of 39,500,000 common shares).
Business Strategy
The Company is a resource management expertise and services provider, catering to commercial, municipal, and industrial customers, primarily in the areas of solid waste management and recycling services.
BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. has developed efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly products, processes and systems for the reformation of waste material, waste management and creation of renewable energy.
The versatility and potential of the BioCrude Technology has been demonstrated by the many uses that our R & D department has already tested and verified. The avenues they have explored include sustainable and cost efficient methods that will enlarge composting and biomethanation yields and rates of decomposition while increasing output and providing a higher quality of end product. Their focus is on waste treatment protocols for MSW, cellulose, all organic waste and all manure types; renewable energy sources such as biogas, ethanol and biodiesel; waste water treatment, and multiple other applications.
One very important area that BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. excels in is the reformation of MSW into renewable energy and marketable end-by-products, using its intrinsic intellectual property and know how in its “Integrated Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Proposed Complexes” for municipal applications. Understanding the non-homogenous nature and characteristics of the waste, we can define distinct processes to optimally handle the procurement of the varied categories of waste (MSW can be classified into organics, fuels, recyclables, inerts and others), once segregated with an efficient separation process and MRF.
The long-term vision of the organization is to build a highly sustainable and profitable company by transforming traditional solid waste streams into renewable resources and marketable by-products. Global competition for limited resources is, the Company believes, creating significant business opportunities for companies that can sustain and extract value in the form of energy and raw materials from resources previously considered an irretrievable waste stream. BioCrude’s business strategy has been firmly tied to creating a sustainable resource management model and the Company continues to be rooted in these same tenets today. Each day the Company strives to create long-term value for all stakeholders: customers, employees, communities, and shareholders, by helping customers and communities manage their resources in a sustainable and financially sound manner.
Environmental issues have taken the forefront globally, creating solid expectations for investments in green technology. The Company will pursue Licensing agreements, Joint Ventures and Revenue sharing agreements for the use, fabrication and sale of the independent products and processes.
The Company intends to achieve successful market penetration in numerous segments of the industry, generating escalating positive cash flows on an annual basis so that the Company becomes a competitive leading participant in the industry. Management will look to have its Integrated Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Complexes widely implemented across Africa, Asia, the Balkans and North America with a view to expanding to other international markets (Latin America), while continuing to pursue Concession Agreements under private license/joint ventures and other conventional arrangements.
Municipal Solid Waste Management is the collection, transport, processing (waste treatment), recycling or disposal of waste materials, usually ones produced by human activity, in an effort to reduce their effect on human health or local aesthetics or amenity.
Municipal Solid Waste is defined to include refuse from households, non-hazardous solid waste from industrial, commercial and institutional establishments (including hospitals), market waste, yard waste and street sweepings. MSWM encompasses the functions of collection, transfer, treatment, recycling, resource recovery and disposal of municipal solid waste.
Municipal Solid Waste Management (“MSWM”) is a major responsibility for local government. It is a complex task which requires appropriate organizational capacity and cooperation between numerous stakeholders in the private and public sectors.
The first goal of MSWM is to protect the health of the population, particularly that of low-income groups. Other goals include promotion of environmental quality and sustainability, support of economic productivity and employment generation.
Waste-to-energy (“W2E”) or energy-from-waste (“EfW”) is the process of creating energy in the form of electricity or heat from the incineration of waste source.
Conventional Municipal Solid Waste Management employs one or more of the following processes:
Ø Waste prevention, including reuse of products
Ø Recycling, including composting
Ø Combustion with energy recovery
Ø Disposal through land-filling
Landfilling is one of the most common ways of municipal solid waste disposal in developing countries. Air pollutants emitted from landfills contributes to the emission in the atmosphere of greenhouse gases and cause serious problems to human health.
Methane emissions from landfills are a serious environmental global concern, as it accounts for approximately 15% of current greenhouse gas emissions. Landfilling is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) accountable for approximately 5% of total GHG releases which consists of methane from anaerobic decomposition of solid waste and carbon dioxide from wastewater decomposition.
The past 20 years has seen a change in how we look at our environment. There has been a greater understanding of the economic, social and environmental risks of not managing waste.
The main drivers of the W2E market are environmental factors, regulations and legislation and economic factors.
Environmental Factors
The Stern report, published in 2006, created an authoritative and eye-opening scientific report on the challenges of climate change. The report highlighted the need to decarbonize the power sector by 60% and reduce CO2 emissions by 80% of current levels to ensure increases in global temperature do not exceed two degrees Celsius.
Regulations and Legislation
Scientific evidence, public awareness and increased levels of participation in environmental campaigning have led to governments’ worldwide implementing regulations and legislation. Examples include:
● EU Landfill Diversion Directive
● recycling targets
● climate change regulations
Economics
Economic drivers to developing the waste and renewable energy sector have included:
● waste disposal and landfill gate fees/landfill tax
● penalties/avoidance schemes (e.g. landfill allowance schemes and fines, carbon trading)
● energy prices
Waste to Energy Market Size and Trend
According to the most recent data available from the International Energy Agency, from 2000 to 2006, global waste to energy power production from municipal and industrial wastes increased from 283 terawatt hours to 383 terawatt hours, a 35% increase over that period. SBI Energy’s in-depth analyses of the global market forecasts the market will increase from approximately $9 billion in 2011 to $27 billion by 2021, equivalent to a CAGR of 11%.
Source : http://www.waste-management-world.com
In the past, MSW management used a single technology landfilling or mass burn, incinerators had no pollution control and energy recovery and sanitary landfills were rare.
MSW management uses more integrated and complex approaches, the waste to energy facilities have minimal environmental burden and the sanitary landfills have requirements for designing operation and monitoring and gas collection.
The provision of municipal solid waste services is a costly and troubling problem for local authorities everywhere. In many cities, service coverage is low, resources are insufficient, and uncontrolled dumping is widespread, with resulting environmental problems. Moreover, substantial inefficiencies are typically observed. Typically, worldwide, governmental waste management ordinance, surprisingly enough, encompasses inefficient waste collection, landfilling until over exhaustion, and incineration.
Out of concern for the quality of life of their residents, local municipalities bear primary responsibility for waste management. Municipalities will work with other municipal levels to identify the best collection, transportation, treatment and disposal methods for their respective jurisdictions. This includes identifying suitable sites for municipal or regional waste management facilities and managing and operating collection, transportation and treatment systems. To increase the environmental and economic efficiency of waste management, local municipalities will be responsible for planning waste management infrastructure and systems at the urban community and regional county municipality levels.
Waste management planning, as well as the production of renewable energy resources, are vital issues facing any city or municipality today. Governments at all levels, on a global scale, are allocating large amounts of funding for development of systems to combat this problem. While certain municipalities have some infrastructures in place for waste collection, they have varying degrees of advancement in the implementation of redirection systems for recoverable and reformable waste products. In essence, room for improvement exists for the following:
1. Reduction, and eventually, the elimination of landfilling, as opposed to over exhausting (substituting proposed landfill sites with other forms of development (commercial, industrial, residential, agricultural, and community developments, amongst others - real estate value)).
2. Reduction of Greenhouse Gases, and environmental pollutants with reference to ground and surface water contamination (percolation of contaminated leachate) alongside with the elimination of odours.
3. Further enhanced separation process for MSW, which could prelude to a more optimal recycling program.
4. Procurement of Renewable Energy and Marketable by-products (fertilizer) from the exploitation of the calorific value of the MSW.
Nota Bene: Landfilling is NOT a solution, but a deferral of a problem for future generation to handle. In essence, it is what it is; a PRACTICE that has been utilized for the longest period of time! Nothing more!
The myth that landfilling is a cost-effective solution is what it is; a myth. There are long term ramifications, especially when the landfills are not proper “Scientific Landfills” (environmental implications; rainfall, leachate, percolation, contamination (soil and water table)). Even the fact that if a Scientific Landfill is deployed (with membrane linings) at an astronomical cost (the cost of construction of a Scientific landfill that will host approximately 2,000 TPD of waste for 25 years is approximately 100 MUSD), after a few earth tremors or shifting of land, the membrane cracks, not mentioning the fact that over time, the membrane deteriorates, thus yielding the same negative environmental impacts, only deferred in time.
Another issue to address is the continual use of landfills. As time goes on, and waste is continuously generated by the populous and its activities, more and more landfills have to be created, to a point where a good part of the country will become a cemetery for garbage.
When a need will arise to reclaim back certain land (certain countries like Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, amongst others have already started requesting proposals for same) from being host to a landfill, the cleansing process for reclamation can cost a minimum of 120 USD/m3 (do the math on a landfill that hosted 1,000 TPD of waste for 25 years, as well as cleansing all other soils to the point of the bedrock, as well as the lateral distance from the perimeter of the landfill).
Remember: the landfill gas (from the organic portion of the MSW) extracted from a landfill is a “mise en cause“, to landfilling and a onetime event, with the consequence of the balance of the waste left in the landfill. Landfill gas extraction is not 100% efficient, with a certain percentage escaping into the atmosphere and another percentage trapped in pockets of the landfill.
If one was to do a Macro-economic and Cost-Benefit analysis and of same, incorporating all of the aforesaid, especially all of the negative environmental impacts, one would find that a properly engineered solution today outweighs the so-called norm of landfilling by a minimum of 300 to 1 (I did not even incorporate the negative effects to health implications).
Large municipalities and metropolitan regions are encouraged to routinely undertake citywide strategic planning to design and implement integrated solid waste systems that are responsive to dynamic demographic and industrial growth. Strategic planning starts with the formulation of long-term goals based, on the local urban needs, followed by a medium- and short-term action plan to meet these goals. The strategy and action plans should identify a clear set of integrated actions, responsible parties and needed human, physical and financial resources. Opportunities and concepts for private sector involvement are commonly included among the examined options, as the private sector’s costs and productivity output require special consideration.
BioCrude, having set as its objective the profitability of the activities issued of this sector, while building business relationships and social implications within the collectivity’s / communities that BioCrude is called upon to serve, beyond the environmental and social implications, and beyond the business imperatives, has set as one of its priorities to optimize waste management and treatment thereof, whilst respecting the boundaries of economies, efficiency and adherence to environmental wellbeing initiatives. BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. has been involved in the R&D of Environmental Technologies, both process and product based, whereby it has enhanced and optimized conventional Technology, whereby giving credence to environmental, economic, social and technological well-being, too numerous to mention, and as all can be referenced in its entirety within BioCrude’s Integrated MSW-Energy Proposal. Shortlists of the aforesaid well-beings are mentioned herein under:
1. Secure, cost effective long-term processing capacity for recyclables and organics.
2. Improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of current waste systems/practices.
3. Elimination of MSW from going to.
4. Creation of Renewable Energy (dependent on the amount of MSW, and calorific value (energy content) of the MSW).
5. Reduction of Greenhouse Gases and other environmental pollutants emitted into the atmosphere.
6. Municipalities do not have to undergo cost of implementation; privatized via BOOT (Build, Own, Operate & Transfer), whereby BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. will be lobbying to get the MSW, Land, Sewage treated Effluent and Resale of Electricity Concessions (with Sovereign Guaranties from the Ministry of Finance of the Government in question).
7. Due to the profitability of the proposal, significant savings could be passed onto the Municipalities, to reduce their day to day on going expenses for Municipal Waste Management, for the duration of the BOOT (30 years), of approximately 50%, per annum, via MSW Tipping Fees and the Transport of the MSW to neighboring cities/provinces (states) and/or countries without forgetting to mention the reduced GHG emissions from the substitution effect of BioCrude’s Integrated MSW to Energy proposal from landfilling and/or incineration. This surplus in savings can be used for other municipal social and infrastructural programs.
8. Employment opportunities are created during the EPC (Engineering, Procurement & Construction) phase of the project (a few hundred jobs) and for the day to day operations of the project (approximately 44 jobs per shift per 600 TPD Plant plus 10 persons for administration X 3 shifts per, equating to a total quantum of a minimum of 141 persons).
9. The proposed solution is an integrated MSW management system based on energy recovery that respects the norms of a Clean Design Mechanism (“CDM”) inherent within the realms of article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol (“UNFCCC”) or any future proposed legislation regarding same, and qualifies for Carbon Emissions Reduction Credits (“CER’s”).
We firmly believe that our products and processes are viable, beneficial, and cost effective ingredients in any Residual (Waste) Management Plans or Systems of implementation. Our technology is easily scalable and can be customized for all individual needs.
To further put things into perspective, I would like to address the following: we are addressing the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) issues and same is not a homogenous feedstock (cute waste). There are different types of waste (MSW, agricultural, sewage sludge, toxic waste, tires, automotive shredded refuse and medical waste, amongst others). Each type of waste requires a treatment process, tailor made to optimally treat same in an environmentally benign manner. BioCrude’s proposal is geared to remedy the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated on a day to day basis.
Understanding the non-homogenous nature and characteristics of the waste, we can define distinct processes to handle the varied categories of waste, once segregated with an efficient separation process. BioCrude stands out from the competition in its knowhow, composting and fungal technologies, in order to maximize the outputs of procurement, as well as minimize actual energy inputs with respect to the ongoing concern of MSW-Energy procurement process complex.
Municipal Solid Waste
All solid waste generated in an area except industrial and agricultural wastes, typically from residences, commercial or retail establishments. Sometimes includes construction and demolition debris and other special wastes that may enter the municipal waste stream. The EPA (1998c) defined municipal solid waste as “a subset of solid waste and as durable goods (e.g., appliances, tires, and batteries), non-durable goods (e.g., newspapers, books, and magazines), containers and packaging, food wastes, yard trimmings, and miscellaneous organic wastes from residential, commercial and industrial non-process sources.
The MSW can be classified in the following categories:
a) Organics
b) Fuels
c) Recyclables
d) Inerts
e) Miscellaneous
Each category has its own distinct composite classification. To achieve an optimal Waste to Energy procurement, one has to analyze separately the inherent category contributions to energy yield and its correlated technological process of extraction in obtaining same in the most economical sense available; thus, the importance of segregating the MSW into the appropriate categories of distinct feedstock is of principal importance for optimal performance in the appropriate technological processes.
In BioCrude’s MSW-Energy initiative, BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. incorporated the following technologies in the Integrated Municipal Waste Processing (Waste to Energy) Complex in order to optimize the treatment process in an environmentally friendly manner by whilst optimizing the Revenue Model of same, and in turn, pass some of the savings back to the municipalities while still earning an impressive bottom line in juxtaposition to what the competition has to offer with regards to landfilling and incineration:
1. Separation of Waste Facility (Materials Recovery Facility)
2. Refuse Derived Fuel (“RDF”) Plant in order to handle the fuels of the MSW and produce Energy with an ash by-product
3. Bio-Methanation Plant in order to handle the organic fraction of the MSW (OFMSW) to produce Energy with a fertilizer by-product
4. Composting Facility (maximum 50 TPD) in order to handle a percentage of the OFMSW alongside with the small particles (plastics, ceramics...) that could not be efficiently separated within the separation process of the MSW (fuels in the Bio Methanation plant (plug flow digester) inhibit the process). The economies are no longer apparent in Composting facilities surpassing the 50 TPD capacities.
5. Power Plant
With BioCrude’s Integrated MSW to Energy proposal/initiative, BioCrude attempts to service each category of the MSW in order to optimally utilize all renewable resources from same to procure renewable energy and marketable by-products (fertilizer, ash, etc.).
It is very important to note that the Separation Process of the MSW into the appropriate feedstock categories for each distinct process (organics for biomethanation (as well as for composting), and polymer based hydro-carbons and cellulose based products for RDF process) is of the utmost importance. Failure to do so can lead to complications and inevitable failure of each process in question. Evidence of Success and failure stories (especially with biomethanation plants, whereby the feedstock generated from MSW (organic fraction) had traces of more than 10% of polymer based products and/or inerts, thus inhibiting and/or limiting the viability of same) as can be found all over the world, and each outcome, in essence, can be summarized by Plant Technology Implementation and Feedstock Preparation (do not mix up technology viability with technology implementation and operation).
Nota Bene: With gasification and/or incineration (mass burn), MSW is dumped into the boiler “as is” and combusted at temperatures ranging from 800 - 12000C (minimum; plasma arc gasification temperatures range from 7,000 - 10,0000C). All waste is burned yielding an approximate net yield of energy for reuse (after self-consumption) of 30 - 40%. The organic fraction of the MSW (OFMSW) is burned, whereby the fertilizer potential via a biomethanation process (cooking) is substituted for an ash from the gasification/incineration process(es). Let us not even entertain what happens to the methane potential of same via gasification/incineration in lieu of biomethanation; LOST! Bottom line, “Potential Revenues” lost and operational costs of gasification/incineration processes are increased dramatically, up to the point where one has to substitute more energy (fuel) in order to sustain continuity of operation and/or to substitute the self-consumption energy requirements of the processes when the varying calorific value of a sample of the waste is deficient for same. One can do their own sensitivity analysis to evaluate same and come to their own conclusions! BioCrude’s Integrated MSW-Energy Solution evolves from first principles of Science, Chemistry, Engineering, Economics and Common Sense!
The Organics portion of the MSW is treated via a biomethanation process, whereby all methane gas is extracted for the eventual realization of renewable energy creation, and a fertilizer procured as an additional by-product, which can be marketed to the agricultural industry.
The polymer-based (hydro-carbon chain), cellulose and textiles portion of the MSW will be treated via an RDF process (a derivative of gasification, but with the incorporation of a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) [Separation process], where we have the luxury of operating at lower temperatures (350 - 4000C) because of the separation of the MSW, i.e. lower temperatures reflects less operational self-consumption, hence more outputs (energy) for resale), whereby the thermal combustion will generate renewable energy and the by-product of ash can be marketed to the construction industry for the following purposes:
● Concrete production, as a substitute material for Portland cement and sand
● Embankments and other structural fills (usually for road construction)
● Grout and Flowable fill production
● Waste stabilization and solidification
● Cement clinkers production - (as a substitute material for clay)
● Mine reclamation
● Stabilization of soft soils
● Road sub base construction
● As Aggregate substitute material (e.g. for brick production)
● Mineral filler in asphaltic concrete
● Agricultural uses: soil amendment, fertilizer, cattle feeders, soil stabilization in stock feed yards, and agricultural stakes
● Loose application on rivers to melt ice
● Loose application on roads and parking lots for ice control
● Other applications include cosmetics, toothpaste, kitchen counter tops, floor and ceiling tiles, bowling balls, flotation devices, stucco, utensils, tool handles, picture frames, auto bodies and boat hulls, cellular concrete, geopolymers, roofing tiles, roofing granules, decking, fireplace mantles, cinder block, PVC pipe, Structural Insulated Panels, house siding and trim, running tracks, blasting grit, recycled plastic lumber, utility poles and cross arms, railway sleepers, highway sound barriers, marine pilings, doors, window frames, scaffolding, sign posts, crypts, columns, railroad ties, vinyl flooring, paving stones, shower stalls, garage doors, park benches,
The fly ash can also be marketed to the agricultural industry for the following purposes:
● It improves permeability status of soil
● Improves fertility status of soil (soil health) / crop yield
● Improves soil texture
● Reduces bulk density of soil
● Improves water holding capacity / porosity
● Optimizes pH value
● Improves soil aeration and reduces crust formation
● Provides micro nutrients like Fe, Zn, Cu, Mo, B, Mn, etc.
● Provides macro nutrients like K, P, Ca, Mg, S etc.
● Works as a part substitute of gypsum for reclamation of saline alkali soil and lime for reclamation of acidic soils
● Surface cover of bio reclaimed vegetated ash pond get stabilized and can be used as recreational park
● Ash ponds provides suitable conditions and essential nutrients for plant growth, helps improve the economic condition of local inhabitants
● Works as a liming agent
● Helps in early maturity of crop & improves the nutritional quality of food crop
● Reduces pest incidence
● Conserves plant nutrients / water
There is a definite market for the fly ash by-product; the industry players in the global market place have to be clearly identified for the realization of commercialization. BioCrude can even offer this ash by-products pro-bono to the industry or landfill, for there is no environmental hazard of same.
The recyclables can be easily sold to the recyclable industry milieu (metals, glass, ceramics, etc.).
The balance of the inerts (Construction and Demolition Debris, gravel, sand, bricks, etc.) can either be landfilled with no negative environmental impacts, or crushed and given to companies specializing in the fabrication of construction materials (if a market is identified, BioCrude can offer them these by-products (crushed or uncrushed).
BioCrude’s Integrated MSW to Energy Complex for Municipal Applications
BioCrude’s solution of an Integrated Municipal Solid Waste to Energy complex is in line with the present trends in the Municipal Solid Waste (“MSW”) industry and the main advantage of same is that it is comprised of a Materials Recovery Facility (“MRF”) and different modular waste treatment processes (Composting, Bio-methanation and Refuse Derived Fuel (“RDF”)) and a power station, in order to treat the MSW and procure renewable energy and other marketable by-products (compost, ash and certain recyclables) with the added implication of practically zero-landfill policy (less certain inerts which have zero negative environmental impact, if landfilled).
The material components (modules) of an Integrated Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Complex are detailed as follows:
1. Entrance to complex: Kiosk and weighbridge (reception/departure and weighing of garbage trucks (pre-and-post deposit of MSW at the MSW Storage facility).
2. MSW Storage facility: Closed and properly ventilated warehouse facility for receiving and storing just in time (JIT) 3 days’ inventory of MSW. MSW is moved from the storage facility and moved via machinery and conveyor belts to the Materials Recovery facility.
3. Materials Recovery facility (MRF): a properly ventilated facility that houses different types of machinery/equipment (either procured from suppliers or built in-situ according to plan specifications) requisite for different facets of the separation process of the MSW into the distinct categories of the waste (organics, hydro-carbon polymer based, cellulose, inerts, miscellaneous (batteries, cadavers, etc.…)) and prepare same as the distinct feedstock for the different waste treatment processes (Composting, Biomethanation and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)), as well as separate the recyclables for resale and the inerts (elements of construction and demolition debris that are not recyclable) for landfilling or to be crushed and given/sold (negligible in nature in comparison to the revenue model established by the tipping fees, and resale of electricity and compost) to the secondary markets for the manufacturing of building materials.
4. Composting facility: A portion of the land concession will host a type of composting system (Windrow [with procured mechanical mixing machinery (trucks) like compost turners or tub/horizontal grinders] or Static Aerated Piles [aeration system such as installed perforated piping to ensure steady oxygen supply (forced air) for the microorganisms and to reduce moisture content]), depending on BioCrude’s evaluation of the waste analysis. A fertilizer will be procured, dried and stored in a warehousing facility for by-products.
5. Biomethanation facility: Modular digesters are constructed in series and synchronized in operation in order to receive organics and process same to extract and capture the methane gas which will be piped to the Biogas - RDF power plant (will be combusted for the procurement of renewable energy) and in addition, yield a cured fertilizer which will be dried and stored in the warehousing facility for by-products.
6. RDF facility: A refuse derived fuel system (gasification derivative) will be procured and installed. The RDF facility will receive the hydro-carbon polymer and cellulose based waste products that will be used to make RDF pellets (compressed and dried) that will be used as the feedstock for combustion within same to generate renewable energy within the Biogas - RDF power plant.
7. RDF - Biogas power plant: will be procured and installed within a certain section of the Complex with a dedicated Distributed Control System (DCS) for the MSW-Energy (RDF & Biogas based) power plant & fuel processing plant (controls & instrumentation for the boiler and turbine, instrumentation for the balance of the power plant and control room).
8. Internal roads: will be constructed within the complex for vehicle/truck transport/passage within the complex.
9. Green Belt: will be developed for aesthetic purposes and municipal environmental conformities.
Business Model
The Company’s business model is designed to create a profitable revenue stream through the direct acquisition of Concession Agreements from different Governments for the implementation of BioCrude’s integrated MSW-Energy Complexes. Our products, processes and services, marketed to the relevant target audience, enable us, to generate multiple revenue streams and consistent profitability derived from the high gross profit inherent within the realms of our proprietary products, services and applications.
By acquiring the necessary Concession (MSW, Land and Supply of Treated Effluent) and Power Purchase Agreements (PPA), from the respective governmental authorities of a certain country, with Sovereign Guarantees (with right of subrogation), the Company will develop its Integrated Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Complex, under “BOOT” (Build, Own, Operate & Transfer) basis.
The following contractual understandings are the key prerequisite elements for establishing a mutual meeting of the minds, by and between BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. and the governmental authorities of a municipality/country, for the successful realization of BioCrude’s MSW-Energy Complexes:
1. MSW Concession for the guaranteed delivery of MSW to the Complex with an implied base tipping fee per ton (“Put or Pay”) with annual escalations for the term (30 years) of the project with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years) and Sovereign Guarantees from the Minister of Finance endorsing same.
2. Land Lease Concession for the delivery of the required amount of land for project term (30 years), at an annual symbolic lease rate of $1/amount of land delivered/annum, with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years).
3. Supply of Treated Effluent Concession whereby the governmental authorities will supply the necessary treated water in order to fulfill the operational requirements of the MSW to Energy complex at a negligible symbolic annual rate for the term of the project with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years).
4. Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) [resale of procured electricity to the Power Corporation of the country in question], whereby the Power Corporation of a certain country will buy back the electricity produced by the MSW to Energy Complex at a base rate per kW-hr (“Take or Pay”), with annual escalations for the term (30 years) of the project with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years) and Sovereign Guarantees from the Minister of Finance endorsing same.
5. Assistance from the Appropriate Governmental Ministries and Municipalities in obtaining all necessary permits and clearances for the Construction and Operation of the MSW-Energy Complex (stipulations in contracts).
Nota Bene: Depending on country policy on foreign investment, the Company may request or be granted an exemption of taxes, levies, duties and all other relevant taxes applicable to the importation of all plant, materials, equipment and rolling stock for the Construction of the MSW-Energy complex, from the appropriate Ministries, related thereto.
All of the aforesaid Concession agreements have to be granted at the same time in order for BioCrude to successfully realize the development (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) and operation of the MSW to Energy complex (the “Sovereign Guarantees” and right of subrogation are critical and paramount for the funding requirements of the MSW to Energy complex).
Target Market
The global Waste to Energy segment of the waste management industry is the target market BioCrude addresses. Management is confident it will succeed in having its integrated systems and processes widely implemented across Africa, Asia, the Balkans, the GULF and North America with a view to expanding to other international markets (Latin America). The Company’s first step in penetrating its target market has been taken with the signing of Concession Agreements with the country of the Union of the Comoros (Autonomous Island of Grande Comore); signed January 11, 2016.
Strategies of the Company
BioCrude’s strategy is designed to create a profitable revenue stream through the direct acquisition of Concession Agreements from different Governments (countries of interest) for the implementation of BioCrude’s integrated MSW-Energy Complexes, or through the establishment of unique and strategic alliances via licensing arrangements and/or joint ventures within the industry milieu for same.
BioCrude has developed what we believe is a highly effective marketing strategy, built on a proactive direct marketing campaign (lobbying) with Government and, large corporate facility management that targets the sector for waste product treatment and reformation. The Company believes that this will result in the development of a marketing and distribution network with extensive coverage of the Company’s target market (Governments) at a minimal expense, allowing the Company to reach profitability. We believe that our marketing strategy will permit us to generate an extensive customer / end user base; however, there can be no assurance that our estimate regarding acceptance of our products and services will be correct.
The Company’s long-term strategy is to create economically beneficial uses for waste streams through resource transformation solutions. Since the value of commodities, after processing costs, is typically higher than other disposal options, such as landfilling or incineration, the Company believes this strategy is effective long-term. The Company believes that as carbon taxes or cap and trade systems are implemented and the demand for commodities rises, economics will further favor this strategy. The Company is also focusing on lowering the cost of resource transformation solutions by reducing its recycling processing operating costs, examining ways to mitigate commodity price fluctuations, and developing new processing technologies. These steps will help to build an effective business model at lower commodity pricing levels.
The Company is focused on four main areas to improve the performance of base operations and increase cash flow generation:
1. Pricing initiatives
2. Cost controls and operating efficiencies
3. Integrated waste to energy development initiatives with long term Concession Agreements
4. Asset management
Prior Activities of BioCrude Canada
Within certain countries, if an entity wants to pursue certain specialized works, it is recommended that the entity establish a presence within same (establish a corporation with a civic address). As an example, in 2009, this was done in Romania with the anticipation that BioCrude Canada would be successful in acquiring the concession agreements from the governmental authorities of Romania. BioCrude was not successful in meeting its objective in Romania for same and stopped its lobbying works for the pursuit of said engagement by and between the Governmental authorities of Romania and BioCrude for the implementation of BioCrude’s proposed MSW to Energy complex in Romania, closed its preliminary office and the corporation became dormant.
Since July 2008, BioCrude Canada has taken the initiative to market and promote its intellectual property and specialized technical expertise throughout the market place, both nationally and globally (we have introduced our technology to Governments and major Conglomerates in the Waste to Energy sector) in over 30 Countries worldwide, whereby BioCrude has successfully opened up dialogue with Governmental Authorities and respectable corporations for near future contractual negotiations.
In December, 2007, Jaipuria Advanced Technologies, Inc. (http://www.jaipuria-group.com and http://www. smvjaipuria.com/waste.php) of India, and BioCrude Canada, announced their formation of a new division dedicated to Waste Reformation and Energy Procurement for the purpose of pursuing contracts in India. In many areas of the country, waste management and energy shortages are a serious problem. With Jaipuria’s construction and large project experience, and with the use of the intellectual property supplied by BioCrude in terms of waste management and production of renewable energy, we have, in January, 2008, submitted a bid, in response to a tender for a Waste to Energy plant (2,000 TPD) in Okhla and Tymarpur, India (we were not the selected candidate) and Indore, India (Collection and Treatment of municipal waste; 600 TPD; we were not the selected candidate).
During this time, we have also negotiated with “Pepsi Co India” to build a 50 TPD prototype in the city of Panipat, India, in a strategic joint venture alliance. A few months later, Pepsi Co India’s New President/CEO had a change of corporate venue and put aside the Waste to Energy initiative. Ever since then, BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada) decided not to pursue any more works in India.
Pricing initiatives
BioCrude has developed a number of sales/solicitation programs and the standardization of the sales/solicitation process and standardized the sales/solicitation process. We believe that the pricing logic used in our fee programs, with implied “Put or Pay” and “Take or Pay” provisions for the supply of feedstock and resale of outputs (renewable energy), respectively, is reasonable and competitive. We expect to continue to add to our fee based pricing through additional administrative fees, recycling fees, late charges and further improvements to our existing fee structures. The goal of our pricing program is to generate price increases in excess of CPI. BioCrude will derive revenues from a combination of commodity sales (Marketable by-products - fertilizer and energy resale), carbon credits (CER’s under the “Clean Development Mechanism” established pursuant to article 12 of the “Kyoto Protocol” (CDM project)) and tipping fees paid for material processing. Fluctuations in commodity pricing are managed by a number of risk mitigation strategies including: financial hedging instruments (transfer of foreign exchange risk), Sovereign Guarantees, floor prices, forward sales contracts, index purchases, and tipping fees. The goal is to smooth revenue, net of cost of products purchased, and generate consistent cash flows.
Cost controls and operating efficiencies
The Company continues to search for the best practices throughout the entire organization and then implements these solutions through standardized continuous improvement programs. The goals of these programs are to enhance customer service, increase safety for employees, and to reduce operating and administrative costs. The Company has implemented continuous improvement strategies and the introduction of select operating efficiency initiatives in safety, productivity, maintenance, customer service, environmental compliance, and procurement.
Integrated Waste to Energy development initiatives with long term Concession Agreements
BioCrude excels is the reformation of MSW using its intrinsic intellectual property as well as its expertise in Integrated Waste to Energy Processing Complexes. BioCrude has and will continue to invest time, effort and valuable resources in the pursuit of Governmental Concession (MSW, Land, Supply of Treated Effluent and Power Purchase Agreements (PPA)) Agreements, for the duration of twenty-five to thirty years, for the implementation of same. The essence of the Concession Agreements, not only guarantees the MSW and implied tipping fees, related thereto (with annual indexing), but the resale of the marketable by-products (energy to grid via PPA) for the duration of the term, with Sovereign Guarantees. Investments in Waste to Energy facilities position the Company well for the evolution of the industry from waste management to resource management.
Company milestones and plan of execution
BioCrude’s revenue model is based on revenue generation from the following: i) the operation of the MSW to Energy complexes (tipping fees, resale of renewable energy, resale of other marketable by-products (compost, recyclables) and potential carbon credits, ii) Joint Venture license fees, whereby the prospective Joint Venture partner will buy a license from BioCrude (payment to be effected immediately after signature) for their participation and will infuse its prorated share of equity capital for the potential MSW to Energy complex, and iii) EPC (“Engineering, Procurement & Construction) management fees (general contracting fees, approximately 20% of the capital cost of the project). In essence, these fees have to be paid regardless, but BioCrude management will execute and capture remuneration for same.
BioCrude’s MSW to Energy initiative is, by definition, an “En Suite” of waste management and energy procurement, whereby the latter is a marketable byproduct derived from the intrinsic processes of the treatment of the MSW by procuring the necessary constituent feedstock (primary material) to produce the renewable energy in the modular section for power generation of the Integrated MSW to Energy complex. In order to realize an integral MSW to Energy complex, as defined in the “Business Model” of the registration statement, all Concession Agreements (guarantee of MSW supply, Land and Supply of Treated Effluent) as well as a Power Purchase Agreement must be contracted concurrently, for they are “ALL” necessary constituent elements for the development of an integrated MSW to Energy complex i.e., you cannot have some or most of the agreements (Concessions/PPA) in place, but must have “ALL” in place, at the same time, simply because of the nature of the project in question.
In order to acquire the concessions for waste management (MSW to Energy), “major” lobbying has to be done, commencing with proposal submissions to various divisions of government which are intervening parties to same (environmental project thus requiring the intervention of the Ministry of Environment, energy procurement require the intervention of the Ministry of Energy/Power and Power Corporation (usually crown corporation), the municipalities usually are responsible for the granting of the MSW, Land and Supply of Treated Effluent Concessions and the Ministry of Finance is responsible for the signing of the Sovereign Guarantees, and in some instance, countries might have other intervening governmental agencies).
BioCrude has positioned itself, through its continual lobbying efforts (ongoing), for potential Joint Ventures (JV) with certain governments (countries/clients). Should any of these Joint Ventures prove to be realized because of the persistent lobbying activities, not only will BioCrude be able to realize the EPC management fee for the development of the MSW to Energy complex(es), but it will also receive its prorate share (50%) of the revenue stream of the developed MSW to Energy complex(es), with similar time frame frequencies as mentioned above, as well as a license fee (BioCrude already submitted offers) immediately following signature of the Joint Venture engagement and the Concession and Power Purchase agreements. BioCrude anticipates, that if the prospective JV partner(s) take the initiative to implement (not only entertain) a waste management solution for their country, possible engagement can be realized within 6 to 12 months following that initiative (being cognizant of bureaucracy and red tape procedures of government).
A vote of confidence has been bestowed to BioCrude by the governmental authorities of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore on its proposed integrated waste management solution for the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore through the awarding of the necessary Concession Agreements (delivery of MSW, Land and Supply of Treated Effluent) for 30 years (with a renewal option of 30 years) with Sovereign Guarantees for the implementation (design, build, finance and operate) of a 700 TPD Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Complex, in the city of Moroni, Autonomous Island of Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros. Furthermore, a Power Purchase Agreement has been signed with the “Le Gestion de l’Eau et de l’Électricité aux Comores (MA-MWE)” whereby same will buy back all procured renewable energy from the MSW to Energy complex for the term of the Concessions (and renewal option).
BioCrude, subject to its contractual engagement with the Government of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore for the implementation of a MSW to Energy complex in Moroni, Grande Comore, through the financing provisions of the MSW to Energy project, will earn the EPC management/general contracting fee of approximately 20% of the capital cost of the MSW to Energy project (prorated over the duration of the construction period), i.e., commencing within 6 to 8 months from these presences. BioCrude, is looking at approximately 24 to 26 months (development time frame for the realization of MSW to Energy complex) before it can start generating revenues from the operation of the MSW to Energy complex (tipping fees, resale of renewable energy, resale of compost and carbon credits) servicing the waste management needs of the Government of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore, as per the provisions and stipulations of the contractual engagements with same (with implied sovereign guarantees), for a minimum guaranteed term of 30 years.
BioCrude is evaluating its options for funding (capital markets, financial institutions, contracting companies, pension funds, etc.…amongst other financially engineered hybrid scenarios thereof) and has already opened up dialogue regarding same. It is anticipated that within an estimated time frame of six to eight months, BioCrude can anticipate a term sheet for prospective funding of the MSW to Energy project, ergo BioCrude will be able to commence works for ground breaking and start receiving its EPC management fee as its first projected revenue stream on a prorate schedule subject to a disbursement schedule in accordance to the terms and stipulations of the expected offer of funding.
PUT IN NEW CONTRACTS JOINT VENTURES
Hereunder is a schedule of events (agenda) for the realization (full execution) of the MSW to Energy project in Moroni, Autonomous Island of Grande Comore (inclusive: contract realization process), in order for BioCrude to start realizing revenues as an ongoing concern, not taking into account any prospective joint ventures in the works.
Different facets and schedule of events for the pursuit and realization of MSW to Energy projects (excluding lobbying activities)
Contract Conclusion, Engineering, Procurement& Construction
A. Signature of the following Accords necessary for the realization of the MSW-Energy Complex in Moroni, Autonomous Island of Grande Comore
1. Deed of Assignment Agreement (“Protocol of Engagement”) by and between the Government of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore and BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. Contract was signed January 11, 2016.
2. The signing of the Concession Agreement for the Municipal Solid Waste, Land Lease Agreement and Agreement for the supply of treated Municipal Water on January 11, 2016
3. The signing of the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with the “Le Gestion de l’Eau et de l’Électricité aux Comores (MA-MWE)” [ Power Corporation of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore] on January 11, 2016
4. Opening of a new Comorian Corporation (in the country in question) totally owned by BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc., opening of bank account and execution of all party obligations contained in the Deed of Assignment. This was done on January 12, 2016
5. Reception of letter from new governmental administration of the Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore (after elections on May 2016) reaffirming their initiative and will to fully respect and execute the engagements signed on January 11, 2016; August 25, 2016
6. Site selection (site Identification and legal designation (Cadastral, Lot, etc. ...)) for the MSW-Energy Complex, preparation of legal documents to annex same to the Land Lease Agreement and Assignment of selected parcel of land to BioCrude, as per the stipulations of the Land Concession agreement on November 12, 2016.
7. Incorporating agreed to amendments and/or modifications to the contractual engagements of January 11, 2016 into the new agreements replacing those of January 11, 2016: December 9, 2016.
8. Granting of a Treasury Guarantee to BioCrude from the governmental administration of the Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore, as per the stipulations of the Concession and Power Purchase Agreements: December 10, 2016
(Fully executed; timeline: it took approximately 14 months)
B. Organizational Matrix: Construction, Management, Operations and Maintenance of Project
1. Flowchart of management staff
2. Organization of the Waste Management (Collection, Transportation, Sorting and Treatment)
3. Flowchart of Engineering, Procurement and Construction
4. Flowchart of Operations Complex and Maintenance
5. Flowchart for the influx of feedstock and the out flux (distribution) of by-products
(Fully executed; timeline: The tasks identified above in B are part and parcel of the submitted preliminary proposal, which included the “Prefeasibility Study & Detailed Project Report” and the “Business Plan (with financial metrics)”, to the Governmental Authorities of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore (September 2015) for the realization of the Concession and Power Purchase Agreements in accordance to the provisions of the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP)).
C. Project implementation plan for the Integrated Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Complex
1. Opening of the office in Moroni, Autonomous Island of Grande Comore: expected completion date September 2019
2. Recruitment and training of human resources in Moroni, Autonomous Island of Grande Comore (for engineering, management, operation and maintenance): expected completion date September 2019 (preliminary core)
3. Recruitment of human resources in Canada (for key management positions): expected completion date September 2019
4. Preliminary Engineering: completed in preliminary proposal (generic)
5. Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste: expected completion date September 2019
6. Study of the site and soil studies: expected completion date October 2019
7. Detailed Engineering plans: expected completion date October
8. Detailed plan of the development strategy of the complex: expected completion date October 2019
9. Hiring of project manager(s) and subcontractors (either through reference or through tender): expected completion date September 2019
10. Recruitment of Material and Equipment specialist suppliers, via reputation in the market place or tender: expected completion date October 2019
(Timeline: 6 to 8 months from time = present)
D. Human Resource List for Project Implementation
1. Project management
2. Civil Engineers
3. Structural Engineers
4. Electrical Engineers
5. Mechanical Engineers
6. Environmental Engineers
7. Geological Engineers
8. Designers
9. Architects
10. Planners
11. Buyers
12. Supply Agents
13. Cost Controllers
14. Training Coach
(Timeline: 4 to 8 months from time = present)
E. Development and implementation of the EPC project guide (Engineering, Procurement and Construction)
1. Program Implementation Plan (Project Execution Plan "PEP") Completed
2. Preparation of studies and preliminary engineering plans Completed
3. Preparation of studies and detailed engineering design 3 months following task D
4. Planning and timetable for the project (Gantt Chart) 3 months following task D
5. Obtaining permits and governmental approvals and clearances for the construction and operation of the complex 2 months following submission of detailed engineering plans to the related Governmental Agencies of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore (timeline provision in agreements and signed off by the Governmental Authorities of Grande Comore)
6. Construction 10 to 14 months following the execution of E.5. above incorporating a startup synchronization period of approximately 1 to 2 months
7. Operation and Maintenance Complex NA for Development timeline
F. Project Management and Control: Project Implementation Plan (PIP)
1. A preliminary feasibility study and a detailed report of the complex Completed
2. Strategic planning and economic analysis Completed
3. The selection of the field Completed
4. Preliminary engineering Completed
Ø Economic analysis and project risks
Ø The estimate of the total capital investment as well as operating and maintenance costs
Ø The preliminary assessment of environmental impact and permitting requirements
Ø The technology research, analysis and conceptualization
5. Reliability analysis Completed
6. The technology selection, project configuration and sizing Concurrently with task E.3. and its timeline
7. The studies and engineering plans for the environmental permitting Concurrently with task E.3. and its timeline
8. Research Techniques Concurrently with task C and its timeline
9. The strategy and planning for the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) Concurrently with task C and its timeline
10. The preparation of the Clean Design Mechanism documents for submission to the CDM program (literature and the detailed report for project compliance with the standards and requirements established by the UNFCCC) Concurrently with task C and its timeline
11. Carbon capture and storage Concurrently with task C and its timeline
12. The carbon credit analysis Concurrently with task C and its timeline
13. Energy efficiency Concurrently with task C and its timeline
14. The analysis of the applicable regulations Concurrently with task C and its timeline
15. The economic and financial analysis (Business Plan) for the preparation of the application for funding Completed; we have already opened up dialogue with an EPC firm for not only engaging same for the EPC works, but also financing same under the proviso of BioCrude subrogating its right to the Sovereign Guarantees; awaiting proforma proposal from EPC firm
16. The selection for the companies to carry out the civil works, and procure materials and equipment required for the development of the project (initiate works) Completed; we have already opened up dialogue with an EPC firm for not only engaging same for the EPC works, but also financing same under the proviso of BioCrude subrogating its right to the Sovereign Guarantees; awaiting proforma proposal from EPC firm
17. The management and supervision of the project 10 to 14 months; duration of EPC works
18. The operation and maintenance of the MSW-Energy complex NA for Development timeline
19. The invoice, receipt and payment collection NA for Development timeline
20. Organization of briefings to the public NA for Development timeline
G. Environmental Impacts Analysis
The Evaluation Process:
1. The assessment of critical elements used in the development of the project, emissions harmful to the environment, leaching into soil, drainage, etc.…
2. Potential erosion, the effects of the use and release of public waters on the tributaries, the adjacent ecological systems to the site, etc.…
3. The number of vehicles (trucks, cars, etc.…) and emissions of pollutants
4. The energy used in the complex and cooling of various buildings
5. Materials used for the manufacture of the floor
6. Building materials used for roofs
7. Management and treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW)
8. The quality of water and air
9. The negative environmental impacts and mitigation, thereof
10. Analysis of existing site and the impact of adverse effects thereon, for the development of the MSW-Energy complex so as to minimize the impact thereof
11. Effect of development on sensitive regional systems sent by either air or by ground water systems
(Fully executed; timeline: Part and parcel of the submitted preliminary proposal (“Prefeasibility Study & Detailed Project Report” incorporating an “Environmental Impact Analysis”) to the Governmental Authorities of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore for the realization of the Concession and Power Purchase Agreements in accordance to the provisions of the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP); the Environmental Impact Analysis was acceptable to the Governmental Authorities of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore, hence no caveats, provisions or stipulations related thereto are within the signed contractual agreements).
Planning and Timetable for the Project
The Summary forecast for the following tasks of the project planning encompasses a timeline of 6 to 8 months:
Ø Analysis of the composition and characteristics of municipal solid waste,
Ø Study and preparation of plans for the preliminary engineering,
Ø Study and preparation of detailed plans of Engineering.
The Summary forecast for the Construction & synchronization of different modules in the MSW to Energy complex of the project planning encompasses a timeline of 16 to 18 months (incorporating approximately 4 months for project preparation for ground breaking ceremony).
Material Agreements
We have filed our Material Agreements, by and between the Governmental Authorities of the Grande Comore and BioCrude (the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP), the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), and MSW, Land and Supply of Treated Effluent Concession Agreements), in our S-1 Amendment No. 5 registration statement, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2017as Exhibits 10.11, 10.12 and 10.13, respectively: They are summarized as follows:
January 2016 - Concluded Engagements: signed Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP), MSW, Land and Supply of Treated Effluent Concession Agreements and a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), by and between the Government of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore and BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc., for the implementation of the first Waste to Energy complex in the municipality of Moroni, which are as follows:
Ø Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP): exclusively assigning the rights of waste management treatment to BioCrude via the inter-related specific concession vehicles, all defining protocol and mode of engagement as well as rights, interests and obligations of each engaging entity for the term of engagement (30 years) with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years). Contract was signed January 11, 2016 and amended on December 9, 2016.
Ø MSW Concession* for the guaranteed delivery of MSW to the Complex with an implied base tipping fee per tonne of MSW (“Put or Pay” for the minimum MSW guarantee of 700 TPD) with annual escalations for the term (30 years) of the project with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years) and Sovereign Guarantees from the Minister of Finance endorsing same. Contract was signed January 11, 2016 and amended on December 9, 2016.
Ø Land Lease Concession for the delivery of the required amount of land for project term (30 years), at an annual symbolic lease rate of $1/amount of land delivered/annum, with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years). Contract was signed January 11, 2016 and amended on December 9, 2016.
Ø Supply of Treated Effluent Concession whereby the governmental authorities will supply the necessary treated water in order to fulfill the operational requirements of the MSW to Energy complex at a negligible symbolic annual rate for the term of the project with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years). Contract was signed January 11, 2016 and amended on December 9, 2016.
Ø Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)* [resale of procured electricity to the Power Corporation of the country in question], whereby the Power Corporation of a certain country will buy back the electricity produced by the MSW to Energy Complex at a base rate per kW-hr (“Take or Pay” for all of the renewable energy procured less the self-consumption needs of the MSW-Energy complex), with annual escalations for the term (30 years) of the project with an option of renewal for an additional term (30 years) and Sovereign Guarantees from the Minister of Finance endorsing same. Contract was signed January 11, 2016 and amended on December 9, 2016.
On April 4th, 2017, China Machinery Industry Construction Group Inc.’s (SINOCONST) Senior Vice President and CFO, Ms. Zhang Ai Li, and BioCrude Technologies, Inc.’s Chairman and CEO, Mr. John Moukas, have signed a strategic Partnership (JV) Agreement which embodies the understood exclusive engagement by and between the participants of the JV Consortium (SINOCONST and BioCrude) for any present and future Waste to Energy Project(s) acquired by any party worldwide.
SINOCONST will be responsible for the EPC works (for the development of the Project(s) [Design and Build]) as well as securing the financing for the Project(s), while BioCrude will be the operator (Operation and management). Both SINOCONST and BioCrude will engage with SPV’s/SPE’s, with Contract (Project) Agreements and Operation and management Agreements.
As a caveat for securitizing payment of the contract price for Engineering, Procurement and Construction (“EPC”) works, via the financing mechanism established by SINOCONST, JV Consortium will set up “Special Purpose Vehicle’s/Entity’s” (“SPV/SPE”) for each and every acquired Project. The JV Consortium’s mission and ethos for creating an SPV/SPE of each well-defined Project is to enable direct securitization of financially engineered loans (and other receivables) against direct assets. SINOCONST’s association (equity participation) into every SPV/SPE will be provisional, in a sense where same will have a certain stake in the shareholdings (Common Stock) of the SPV/SPE (as defined in the Capital Structure of the SPV/SPE, as referenced below and in the Memorandum and Articles of Association of same, refer to Annex I), until such time that the loans vested for the development (Design, Building of Project by SINOCONST) of the Project are fully paid back by the JV Consortium from the proceeds of the receivables (for services rendered to client by the Project (SPV/SPE)), and all shares of Common Stock held by SINOCONST are transferred (sold to BioCrude for Project loan(s) repayment, only) to BioCrude as full and final settlement for the loan (that paid for the contract price of said development to SINOCONST). As part and parcel to the securitization of the loans in the SPV/SPE, BioCrude shall assign and/or subrogate its rights to its assets of that distinct Project (Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements, Sovereign Guarantees, Revenues of Operation, etc.…) to the SPV/SPE (“JV Consortium”), and same shall be subject to Charges (Mortgage, privilege, etc..) for financing (funding), only.
On April 4, 2017, SINOCONST and BioCrude have commissioned the services of B & W INT’L SECRETARY LIMITED (Honk Kong, China) [law firm] to establish an SPV/SPE, “BioCrude Technologies, (Hong Kong) Limited” [JV Corporation], as the development vehicle for the MSW to Energy project for the Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros (refer to Exhibit 10.1 for “Articles of Incorporation” of BioCrude Technologies, (Hong Kong) Limited). The “SPV/SPE” possesses the following characteristics:
1. Memorandum and Articles of Association: “The Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622) [Hong Kong, China]” for “Private Company Limited by Shares” is utilized as the base Memorandum and Articles of Association and enhanced / modified as per the terms, conditions and stipulations of the JV Agreement by and between SINOCONST and BioCrude (refer to Exhibit 10.2 for “Memorandum and Articles of Association”).
2. Organization and Capital Structure: as per the stipulations of the Memorandum and Articles of Association, and modified to reflect the following, as well:
BioCrude will account for seventy per cent (70.0%) of the total issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock at an issue price of 1 HKD per share for an aggregate issue price of 700 HKD, and at Closing Date;
SINOCONST will account for thirty per cent (30.0%) of the total issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, at an issue price of 1 HKD per share for an aggregate issue price of 300 HKD, and at Closing Date and issued only once financing (funding) for the Project has been put in place, and will be holder of same until such time that financing (funding) has been paid back, in full, whereby all shares of Common Stock will have been transferred to BioCrude, as full and final settlement for loan repayment and shares of Common Stock acquisition.
Nota Bene: The financing (funding) secured by SINOCONST for the Project and accepted by the JV Consortium will bare an amortization of approximately five (5) years, with a negotiated mechanism for the repayment schedule of principal and interest. Every year end (from the beginning of operations of the Project, i.e., after project completion in accordance to the terms, conditions and stipulations of SINOCONST’s engagement (Contract (Project) Agreement) with SPV/SPE), relative to the amount of capital paid down from the original outstanding loan on that year, a pro rata amount of shares of Common Stock will be given (transferred) back to BioCrude in that year, until the full repayment of the loan, whereby the balance of the shares of Common Stock outstanding as shareholdings of SINOCONST are transferred back to BioCrude, and BioCrude is one hundred per cent (100.0%) shareholder of all of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock.
3. Management (Board of Directors, Officers): as per the stipulations of the Articles of Association, modified to reflect the terms, provisions and stipulations of the JV Agreement by and between BioCrude and SINOCONST.
On April 4th, 2017, SINOCONST’s General Manager of the Group Business Development Department, Mr. Zhou Tao, and BioCrude Technologies (Comoros), LTD. [Hong Kong SPV established by SINOCONST and BioCrude as a JV Partnership], Chairman and CEO, Mr. John Moukas, have signed a Construction (EPC) Contract Agreement which embodies SPV’s engagement of SINONST to Design, Construct, and Finance BioCrude’s Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to Energy Complex in the municipality of Moroni, Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros, to treat MSW and procure renewable energy and other marketable by-products (organic fertilizer, ash, primary feedstock for building materials, etc.…) within the conforms of BioCrude’s acquired Concession and Power Purchase Agreements, as well as BioCrude’s Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership with the Governmental Authorities of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros.
On July 27, 2017, the Governmental Authorities of the Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore have issued to BioCrude a “Treasury Bond”, with supporting literature (indenture, resolutions, etc.…; refer to Exhibit 10.3 for “Treasury Bond” and supporting literature) baring a face value of twenty million United States Dollars (20,000,000 USD), in lieu of a “Revolving Letter of Credit (RLC)”, replenished quarterly (for the duration of the term of the contractual engagements), as per the provisions and stipulations of the contractual engagements (Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements). This Treasury Bond serves as a default payment mechanism guarantee, in the event of nonpayment of the Governmental Authorities of the Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore’s financial contractual obligations (tipping fees and/or fees due for the purchase of the renewable energy), which same can immediately, after default, be executed upon by BioCrude, to remedy default.
On September 1, 2017, BioCrude, in joint with SINOCONST (“JV Consortium”), have had a work session (in Beijing, China) with China Export and Credit Insurance Corporation (“SINOSURE”), to clarify particulars regarding BioCrude’s Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to Energy Complex (“Project”) in the municipality of Moroni, Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros, more particularly, the Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements and the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public - Private Partnership. Thereafter, BioCrude and SINOCONST, on behalf of BioCrude Technologies, (Hong Kong) Ltd (“SPV/SPE”), have submitted an application to SINOSURE requesting loan insurance for the Project. As part and parcel to the loan insurance application, an independent third-party feasibility study for the Project was requested. The JV Consortium has taken the initiative to solicit same for the execution of the required works.
On September 5, 2017, JV Consortium, on behalf of SPV/SPE, had a work session (in Beijing, China) with the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited (“ICBC”), and shortly therewith, submitted to same, an application for funding for BioCrude’s Project. We are awaiting feedback regarding the indicative terms and conditions (“term sheet”) for the Project funding.
On October 5, 2017, BioCrude received from ICBC, the indicative terms and conditions (“term sheet”) for the Project funding (term of validity was six months). On April 8, 2018, BioCrude received from ICBC, a renewal of the “term sheet”, extending the term of validity for another six months.
On January, 2018, BioCrude, in joint with SINOCONST (“JV Consortium”), have commissioned out the works related to the feasibility study of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to Energy Complex (“Project”) in the municipality of Moroni, Autonomous Island of the Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros, to China International Electronic Commerce Center (“CIECC”), an independent engineering firm in China, acceptable to SINOSURE’s shortlist of accredited and acceptable suppliers for same.
On January 23, 2018, BioCrude, in joint with SINOCONST (“JV Consortium”), had a work session (in Beijing, China) with CIECC. CIECC had requested that all of BioCrude’s literature be translated into mandarin (translation was concluded by March 30, 2018); the status of the final report of the feasibility study for the project, as of these presences, is pending.
On April 29, 2018, Comoros's President Sem Azali Assoumani declared that a referendum on amending the country's Constitution would be held in July 2018. The results of the referendum were in favor of changing the constitution, and one of the issues of address was federal consolidation of powers, and as such, the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros, would now be the new Intervening Party to the Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements, as well as the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP), in lieu of the Governorate of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore.
In the months of September and November, 2018, BioCrude sent a delegation to the Union of the Comoros in order to clarify and document the transition of the Federal Government’s intervention, and as such, the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros has yet to issue to BioCrude the following Amending Declarations:
1.Amending Declaration to the Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements, as well as the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP), by the Ministry of Finance, Economy, Budget, Investment and Foreign Trade of the Union of the Comoros, whereby they Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros acknowledges same, as well as declare that the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros is the new intervening party to contracts, more particularly, with respect to honoring all of the Government’s obligations within the signed engagements with BioCrude, as well as the Sovereign Guarantees attached to same.
2.Amending Declaration to the Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements, as well as the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP), by the Ministry of Production, Environment, Energy, Industry and Crafts of the Union of the Comoros, whereby the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros acknowledges same, as well as declare that the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros is the new intervening party to contracts, more particularly, with respect to honoring all of the Government’s obligations with the issuance of all necessary permits, and clearances for the development of BioCrude’s Waste to Energy project in Moroni, Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros.
BioCrude also requested from the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros’ legal division, a legal opinion of the Concessions and Power Purchase Agreements, as well as the Deed of Assignment pursuant to a Public-Private Partnership (PPP), incorporating the change of the Contracting/Intervening Party. The Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros’ legal division has yet to issue same.
The Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros requested, as well, that BioCrude treat the municipal solid waste of the Autonomous Islands of Mohéli and Anjouan, thus increasing the MSW capacity of BioCrude’s Waste to Energy plant in Moroni from 700 TPD to 1,100 TPD, under the same terms and conditions as contracted with the Governorate of the Autonomous Island of Grande Comore.
The Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros also requested to engage with BioCrude, in a Joint Venture Agreement (50%/50%), for the Waste Collection, and Street and Public Spaces Cleaning for the whole country of the Union of the Comoros (Autonomous Islands of Grande Comore, Moheli and Anjouan).
As of these presences, BioCrude has yet to receive the amending declarations, and legal opinion from the Federal Government of the Union of the Comoros, as well as a signing date for the aforementioned expansion of works of waste treatment for the Governorates of Moheli and Anjouan, and for the Waste Collection, and Street and Public Spaces Cleaning for the whole country of the Union of the Comoros (Autonomous Islands of Grande Comore, Moheli and Anjouan).
Employees
As of December 31, 2018, we have no employees, but have one (1) officer and three (3) directors, who are non-employee Directors. We have no agreements with any of our management for any services.
Available Information
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All of our reports are able to be reviewed through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System (EDGAR) which is publicly available through the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov).
We intend to furnish to our stockholders annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent certified public accountants and quarterly reports containing reviewed unaudited interim financial statements for the first three-quarters of each fiscal year. You may contact the Securities and Exchange Commission at (800) SEC-0330 or you may read and copy any reports, statements or other information that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference room at the following location:
Public Reference Room
100 F. Street N.W.
Washington, D.C. 2054900405
Telephone: (800) SEC-0330
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We are at a very early operational stage and our success is subject to the substantial risks inherent in the establishment of a new business venture.
The implementation of our business strategy is in a very early stage and we currently have no revenues. Our business and operations should be considered to be in a very early stage and subject to all of the risks inherent in the establishment of a new business venture. Accordingly, the intended business and operations may not prove to be successful in the near future, if at all. Any future success that we might enjoy will depend upon many factors, several of which may be beyond our control, or which cannot be predicted at this time, and which could have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition, business prospects and operations and the value of an investment in the Company.
We have a very limited operating history and our business plan is unproven and may not be successful.
The Company was formed in August 2015, but we have not yet begun full scale operations nor have we generated any revenue to date. We have not proven that our business model will allow us to generate a profit.
There are substantial doubts about our ability to continue as a going concern and if we are unable to continue our business, our shares may have little or no value
The Company’s ability to become a profitable operating company is dependent upon its ability to generate revenues and/or obtain financing adequate to fulfill our requirements to complete evaluations of Concession acquisitions and development of same opportunities and to achieve a level of revenues adequate to support our cost structure has raised substantial doubts about our ability to continue as a going concern. We plan to attempt to raise additional equity capital by selling shares in this offering and, if necessary, through one or more private placement or public offerings. However, the doubts raised, relating to our ability to continue as a going concern, may make our shares as an unattractive investment for potential investors. These factors, among others, may make it difficult to raise any additional capital.
Failure to effectively manage our growth could place strains on our managerial, operational and financial resources and could adversely affect our business and operating results.
Our growth has placed, and is expected to continue to place, a strain on our managerial, operational and financial resources. Further, if our business grows, we will be required to manage multiple relationships. Any further growth by us or an increase in the number of our strategic relationships will increase this strain on our managerial, operational and financial resources. This strain may inhibit our ability to achieve the rapid execution necessary to implement our business plan, and could have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition, business prospects, operations and the value of an investment in the Company.
Competition in the Waste Management industry/milieu is highly competitive and there is no assurance that we will be successful in acquiring viable Concession engagements from regulating governmental authorities.
The Waste Management industry/milieu is intensely competitive. We compete with numerous companies, including many major companies which have substantially greater technical, financial and operational resources and staffs. Accordingly, there is a high degree of competition for access to funds. We cannot predict if the necessary funds can be raised or that any projected work will be completed.
Risk relating to intellectual property and know-how protection
Though certain intellectual property and know-how of the Company is not, or cannot be totally protected via legal mechanisms or against the implied intent and/or capabilities of potential perpetrators, vulnerability to copying and/or theft exists. Board members have a distinct responsibility to analyze and mitigate risk on behalf of the Company and/or shareholders, and as such, appreciate the materiality of the risk and will attempt to get a handle on measuring its components and try to implement viable countering measures to same. As well, the Board will adopt, as part of its corporate governance, policy that insists that vigilance be institutionalized by monitoring the worldwide marketplace, auditing all security and confidentiality protections in the organization, and making security expectations clear to all employees, over and above developing and having in place rapid response procedures to mitigate risk when theft or abuse of intellectual property occurs.
Current and future governmental and environmental regulations could adversely affect our business.
Our business is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations. Our operations are also subject to complex environmental and energy procurement laws and regulations adopted by the various jurisdictions in which we have or expect to have operations. We could incur liability to governments or third parties for any unlawful discharge of pollutants into the air, soil or water, including responsibility for remedial costs.
Government regulation could be an intervening issue whilst trying to get the Concession and Power Purchase Agreements with implications related thereto, which may impact/inhibit the Company’s success in realizing its milestones in the execution of its proposed MSW to Energy Complex for a particular country (client). Part and parcel of the Company’s MSW to Energy proposal submitted to governments is a prefeasibility study of same, which is given to the different divisions of governments, dictating what is required from same with regards to regulation, permits and clearances. The stipulations and provisions for regulations, permits and clearances are absolute (once finalized by BioCrude and the Governmental authorities (with the intervention of technical divisions of same)) within the Concession agreements and signed off on (as well as time delays for granting same from the time BioCrude submits formal plans) by the appropriate divisions of government regulating same ad hoc, i.e. Ministry of Environment (Pollution, water, etc.…), Ministry of Energy (Power Corporation; electricity act [auto producer of electricity and transmission), Municipality (MSW Concession, land concession, water concession), Ministry of Finance (Sovereign Guarantees), etc.… Once the Concessions are acquired (signed), government regulation risk is dramatically reduced or eliminated
Because the requirements imposed by laws and regulations are frequently changed, no assurance can be given that laws and regulations enacted in the future, including changes to existing laws and regulations, will not adversely affect our business.
ITEM 1B.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We currently lease office space at 1255 Phillips Square, Suite 605, Montreal, Quebec, CA H3B 3G5 as our principal offices. We believe these facilities are in good condition, but that we may need to expand our leased space as our business efforts increase.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are not presently a party to any material litigation, nor to the knowledge of management is any litigation threatened against us, which may materially affect us.
PART II
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND SMALL BUSINESS ISSUER PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our common stock is not yet quoted. Without an active public trading market, a stockholder may not be able to liquidate their shares. If a market does develop, the price for our securities may be highly volatile and may bear no relationship to our actual financial condition or results of operations. Factors we discuss in this report, including the many risks associated with an investment in our securities, may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock.
The ability of individual stockholders to trade their shares in a particular state may be subject to various rules and regulations of that state. A number of states require that an issuer’s securities be registered in their state or appropriately exempted from registration before the securities are permitted to trade in that state. Presently, we have no plans to register our securities in any particular state.
Holders of Common Stock
As of December 31, 2018, we had 303 stockholders of record of the 50,430,342 shares outstanding.
Dividends
The payment of dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings, our capital requirements, our financial condition, and other relevant factors. We have not paid or declared any dividends upon our common stock since our inception and, by reason of our present financial status and our contemplated financial requirements, do not anticipate paying any dividends upon our common stock in the foreseeable future.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends. We currently do not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future on the shares of common stock. We intend to reinvest any earnings in the development and expansion of our business. Any cash dividends in the future to common stockholders will be payable when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors, based upon the Board’s assessment of:
● Our financial condition;
● Earnings;
● Need of funds;
● Capital requirements;
● Prior claims of preferred stock to the extent issued and outstanding; and
● Other factors, including any applicable laws.
Therefore, there can be no assurance that any dividends on the common stock will ever be paid.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
We currently do not maintain any equity compensation plans.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
We have no recent sales of unregistered securities.
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Except for the historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. We caution you not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. Our actual results or actions may differ materially from these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report. Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we currently expect.
OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK
With the signing of the Concession Agreements with the country of the Union of the Comoros and the funds raised through this common share offering the Company during the next twelve months will be able to aggressively implement the building of its corporate infrastructure by adding a few key senior managers to oversee the control of the management of the Complexes and the general management of the Company. In addition, technical staff experienced in the management of the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (“EPC”) activities, a key component in the controlling the successful creation of a Complex will also be hired. The anticipated cost for accomplishing this is approximately $8 million, which includes the provisions for infrastructure development of the Company (construction, fixed assets and equipment procurement), human resource staffing and working capital.
The crucial factor to the financial success is the rapid successful signing of additional concession agreements. Each such agreement requires an immediate investment in the capital stock of the legal entity created for the purpose of building and subsequently operating the Complex. Additional investments in the capital stock of each Complex totaling ten percent (10%) of the capital expenditure for a given Complex must be made in conjunction with the securing of long-term debt provided by financial institutions (made possible by the sovereign guarantees included in the Concession Agreements). The legal entities created for the Complexes in a given country take a wholly owned subsidiary of a joint venture owned fifty per cent (50%) each by the Company and the local government providing the sovereign guarantee. The Company anticipates the creation of a total of eight (8) subsidiaries and two (2) joint ventures requiring a total of approximately $46 million (note: each joint venture entity requires the upfront payment of a licensing fee on the part of the Company’s joint venture partner, partially offsetting the Company’s investment in the Complex and providing a portion of the funds required to operate the Company and make further investments in additional Complexes).
Going Concern
The future of our company is dependent upon its ability to obtain financing and upon future profitable operations. Management has plans to seek additional capital through a private placement and/or public offering of its common stock, if necessary. Our auditors have expressed a going concern opinion which raises doubts about the Issuers ability to continue as a going concern.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Revenue
We did not generate revenue during the year ended December 31, 2018 or 2017.
Costs and Expenses
During the year ended December 31, 2018 there were $808,508 of operating expenses consisting of general and administrative expenses. Operating expenses for the prior year ended December 31, 2017 was $497,890, consisting of general and administrative.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2018, the Company had $13,829 in cash and did not have any other cash equivalents. The following table provides detailed information about our net cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. To date, we have financed our operations through the issuance of stock and borrowings.
In summary, our cash flows were as follows:
GOING CONCERN
The Company’s financial statements are prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. However, the Company does not have significant cash or other current assets, nor does it have an established source of revenues sufficient to cover its operating costs and to allow it to continue as a going concern. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Under the going concern assumption, an entity is ordinarily viewed as continuing in business for the foreseeable future with neither the intention nor the necessity of liquidation, ceasing trading, or seeking protection from creditors pursuant to laws or regulations. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are recorded on the basis that the entity will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business.
The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plan described in the Business paragraph and eventually attain profitable operations. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that may be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
During the next year, the Company’s foreseeable cash requirements will relate to continual development of the operations of its business, maintaining its good standing and making the requisite filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the payment of expenses associated with research and development. The Company may experience a cash shortfall and be required to raise additional capital.
Historically, it has mostly relied upon internally generated funds and funds from the sale of shares of stock to finance its operations and growth. Management may raise additional capital through future public or private offerings of the Company’s stock or through loans from private investors, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to obtain such financing. The Company’s failure to do so could have a material and adverse effect upon it and its shareholders.
Operating activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $417,321 for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $84,394 for December 31, 2017.
Investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $27,145 and $nil for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017, respectively.
Financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $381,460 and $161,131 for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017, respectively.
Since inception, we have financed our cash flow requirements through issuance of common stock and related party advances. As we expand our activities, we may, and most likely will, continue to experience net negative cash flows from operations, pending receipt of listings or some form of advertising revenues. Additionally, we anticipate obtaining additional financing to fund operations through common stock offerings, to the extent available, or to obtain additional financing to the extent necessary to augment our working capital. In the future we need to generate sufficient revenues from sales in order to eliminate or reduce the need to sell additional stock or obtain additional loans. There can be no assurance we will be successful in raising the necessary funds to execute our business plan.
We anticipate that we will incur operating losses in the next twelve months. Our lack of operating history makes predictions of future operating results difficult to ascertain. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their early stage of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets. Such risks for us include, but are not limited to, an evolving and unpredictable business model and the management of growth.
To address these risks, we must, among other things, obtain a customer base, implement and successfully execute our business and marketing strategy, continually develop and upgrade our website, respond to competitive developments, and attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in addressing such risks, and the failure to do so can have a material adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements and does not anticipate entering into any such arrangements in the foreseeable future.
Critical Accounting Policies
The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on the results we report in our financial statements, which we discuss under the heading “Results of Operations” following this section of our MD&A. Some of our accounting policies require us to make difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain.
We set forth below those material accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to an investor’s understanding of our financial results and condition and that require complex management judgment.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission include, where applicable, disclosures of estimates, assumptions, uncertainties and markets that could affect the financial statements and future operations of the Company.
Fair value of financial instruments
The carrying amounts reflected in the balance sheets for cash, accounts payable and related party payables approximate the respective fair values due to the short maturities of these items. The Company does not hold any investments that are available-for-sale.
As required by the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC, fair value is measured based on a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: (Level 1) observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level 2) inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and (Level 3) unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).
ITEM 7A.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
This item is not applicable as we are currently considered a smaller reporting company.
ITEM 8.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS.
BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the shareholders and the board of directors of BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BioCrude Technologies USA, Inc. as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and has a significant accumulated deficit. In addition, the Company continues to experience negative cash flows from operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/S/ BF Borgers CPA PC
BF Borgers CPA PC
We have served as the Company's auditor since
Lakewood, CO
April 16, 2019
BIOCRUDE TECHNOLOGIES USA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
BIOCRUDE TECHNOLOGIES USA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
BIOCRUDE TECHNOLOGIES USA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER’S DEFICIT
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
BIOCRUDE TECHNOLOGIES USA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
BIOCRUDE TECHNOLOGIES USA, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Nature of Operations
Biocrude Technologies USA, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on December 29, 2015. The Company’s principal business objective is to provide resource management expertise and services, catering to commercial, municipal, and industrial customers, primarily in the areas of solid waste management and recycling services.
Going Concern
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) which contemplate the realization of assets and discharge of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The Company has not generated operating revenues to date, and has accumulated losses of $7,766,354 since inception. The Company has funded its operations through the issuance of capital stock, convertible debt, loans, and advances from related parties. Management plans to raise additional funds through equity and/or debt financings. There is no certainty that further funding will be available as needed. These factors raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue operating as a going concern. The Company’s ability to continue its operations as a going concern, realize the carrying value of its assets, and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business is dependent upon its ability to raise new capital sufficient to fund its commitments and ongoing losses, and ultimately on generating profitable operations.
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation and Principles of Consolidation
These consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented in accordance with US GAAP and are presented in United States dollars.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of its 70% owned subsidiary, Biocrude Technologies (Hong Kong) Limited (“Biocrude HK”). All significant inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant areas requiring management’s estimates and assumptions include determining the fair value of transactions involving shares common stock. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, which defines fair value as used in numerous accounting pronouncements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements.
The estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, payables to related parties, and accounts payable and accrued expenses are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 - quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or
Level 2 - quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable
Level 3 - inputs that are unobservable (for example cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions)
The Company’s financial assets and liabilities are subsequent measured at amortized cost, but their carrying amount approximates their fair value due to the short period of time until maturity.
Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company’s functional currency was the Canadian dollar. At January 1, 2017, as a result of the majority of the Company’s financing and operating activities being denominated in United States dollar, the Company re-evaluated its functional currency and determined it to be the United States dollar. Gains and losses that resulted from translation from Canadian dollars to the reporting currency and included in other comprehensive income will remain in the foreign currency translation reserve.
Biocrude HK maintains its accounting records in its local currency, the Hong Kong dollar.
Foreign exchange gains and losses on the settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in foreign exchange expense. Except for translations of intercompany balances, all translations of monetary balances to the functional currency at the year-end exchange rate are included in foreign exchange expense. The translations of intercompany balances to the functional currency at the year-end exchange rate are included in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss.
The Company has not, to the date of these consolidated financial statements, entered into derivative instruments to offset the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash balances and highly-liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less. As at December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company does not have cash equivalents.
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated to its estimated residual values using the straight-line method over its estimated useful lives of 8 years.
Share-based Expense
ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”, prescribes accounting and reporting standards for all share-based payment transactions in which employee services are acquired. Transactions include incurring liabilities, or issuing or offering to issue shares, options, and other equity instruments such as employee stock ownership plans and stock appreciation rights. Share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, are recognized as compensation expense in the financial statements based on their fair values. That expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation issued to non-employees and consultants in accordance with the provisions of ASC 505-50, “Equity - Based Payments to Non-Employees.” Measurement of share-based payment transactions with non-employees is based on the fair value of whichever is more reliably measurable: (a) the goods or services received; or (b) the equity instruments issued. The fair value of the share-based payment transaction is determined at the earlier of performance commitment date or performance completion date.
Income Taxes
The Company has elected to account for income taxes using the taxes payable method. The taxes payable and provision for income taxes are based on the corporate income tax returns filed. There is no adjustment for income taxes related to temporary differences and no recognition of the benefit of income tax losses carried forward resulting from the net operating loss in the current period.
Earnings Per Share Information
FASB ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share” provides for calculation of “basic” and “diluted” earnings per share. Basic earnings per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of an entity similar to fully diluted earnings per share. Basic and diluted loss per share were the same, at the reporting dates, as there were no common stock equivalents outstanding.
NOTE 3 - CONVERTIBLE NOTES
During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company issued convertible notes for proceeds of $357,460 (2017 - $112,378). The convertible notes bear interest rates of 3% - 4% (2017 - 3% - 5%), are convertible into common stock of the Company at a fixed price weighted average price of $1.50 to $1.65 per share any time prior to its maturity date.
On initial recognition, the Company recognized a beneficial conversion feature of $25,906 (2017 - $14,579).
Details of convertible notes outstanding as at December 31, 2018 and 2017 is as follow:
NOTE 4 - LOANS PAYABLE
As at December 31, 2018, the Company has loans payable of $122,781 (CAD161,000) (December 31, 2017 - $133,731 (CAD$161,000)) in principal and accrued interest of $18,193 (December 31, 2017 - $11,293) outstanding. These loans bear an interest rate of 4%, are unsecured and will mature on December 31, 2019. Included in the balance of loans payable as at December 31, 2018, $34,280 (December 31, 2017 - $35,467) was due to a director of the Company.
NOTE 5 - INCOME TAXES
The Company has established a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty surrounding the realization of such assets as evidenced by the cumulative losses from operations through December 31, 2018. Management periodically evaluates the recoverability of the deferred tax assets. At such time as it is determined that it is more likely than not that deferred assets are realizable, the valuation allowance will be reduced accordingly and recorded as a tax benefit.
A reconciliation of income taxes at statutory rates is as follows:
The Company’s tax-effected deferred income tax assets and liabilities are estimated as follows:
The Company has non-capital losses carried forward of approximately $2,400,000 which expire between 2028 and 2038.
NOTE 6 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As of December 31, 2018, the “CEO” of the Company and a director had advanced the Company a cumulative $83,301 (2017 - $230,580) net of repayments for the payment of the Company’s operating expenses and is included in accounts payable. These amounts are unsecured, without interest and payable on demand and are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities - related parties.
NOTE 7 - RESTATEMENT
During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company has restated the comparative numbers to correct the unrecorded liabilities and beneficial conversion of the convertible debts 2017. The summary of the restatements are presented below:
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Dale Matheson Carr-Hilton Labonte, LLP (DMCL) has been the Company’s registered independent public accountant from August 21, 2017 throughout August 13, 2018 and, Zwick & Banyai, PLLC (Zwick & Banyai) has been the Company’s registered independent public accountant from August 13, 2018 throughout March 14, 2019. Our current registered independent public accountant is BF Borgers CPA PC (5400 W Cedar Ave, Lakewood, CO, USA 80226; Ph: 303-953-1454, Fax: 720-251-8836; Website: www.bfbcpa.us), as per the stipulations declared on the Form 8-K, dated March 14, 2019. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, there were no disagreements whatsoever, with any of the registered independent public accountants (DMCL & Zwick & Banyai) on any matter of accounting principles or practices, fiscal statement disclosures or auditing scope or procedure which, if not resolved by our registered independent public accountants, would have caused same to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreements in connection with its reports for such fiscal year(s); and there were no reportable events as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K except for the material weakness mentioned hereunder in Item 9A, Controls and Procedures (sub-section“Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting”).
The reports of DMCL on our financial statements as of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, nor were they qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles, except that the reports for each such fiscal year included a paragraph (of unqualified opinions) stating that there was substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, John Moukas, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the year end covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, they have concluded that, as of December 31, 2018, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed at a reasonable assurance level and are not effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control, as is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These internal controls are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the reported financial information is presented fairly, that disclosures are adequate and that the judgments inherent in the preparation of financial statements are reasonable. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of internal controls, including the possibility of human error and overriding of controls. Consequently, an effective internal control system can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance with respect to reporting financial information.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to maintaining records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation of our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and the receipts and expenditures of company assets are made and in accordance with our management and directors authorization; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Management has undertaken an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria established in the Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based upon this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2018.
Based on that evaluation, management concluded that, during the period covered by this report, such internal controls and procedures were not effective due to the following material weakness identified:
(i)Lack of appropriate segregation of duties,
(ii)Lack of control procedures that include multiple levels of supervision and review, and
(iii)There is an overreliance upon independent financial reporting consultants for review of critical accounting areas and disclosures and material nonstandard transactions.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit the Company to provide only the management’s report in this annual report.
Implemented or Planned Remedial Actions in response to the Material Weaknesses
We will continue to strive to correct the above noted weakness in internal control once we have adequate funds to do so. We believe appointing a director who qualifies as a financial expert will improve the overall performance of our control over our financial reporting.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 that materially affect, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
The Company’s management, including the chief executive officer and principal financial officer, do not expect that its disclosure controls or internal controls will prevent all errors or all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to the temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Directors and Executive Officers
The names of our director and executive officers as of December 31, 2018 and their ages, positions, and biographies are set forth below. Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, our board of directors.
Executive Officers
Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons
Ø John Moukas: B.Sc. Eng., Chairman / CEO; Specializing in early stage technology start-ups, finance and securities (private and public corporations).
Mr. Moukas is a highly-qualified Executive Manager offering more than 22 years of Financial Management, Leadership and Controller experience within the financial market and service industries. Results-Focused and effectual leader with proven ability to turn around financially troubled/distressed companies and to start off new companies from thought inception. Mr. Moukas’ talent for proactively identifying and resolving problems, reversing negative sales trends, controlling costs, automating accounting systems and corporate procedures, maximizing productivity and capability of delivering multi-million dollar profit increases is a definite synergy for BioCrude’s incubation into a flourishing on-going concern.
Mr. Moukas has worked as an independent financial and management consultant since 1995.
Mr. Moukas is the co-founder of 9175 1925 Quebec Inc. (since 2006 until 2012) and founder of BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada), where he has been with same since October 2008 (inception) at the capacity of Chairman/CEO.
Ø Boris Baran: M.Sc., Director / Secretary; Seasoned Executive with Corporate Development skills, Team Building experience and Corporate Strategist.
Mr. Boris Baran has an extensive 40-year background in IT; Mr. Baran has served in the following related capacities:
▪ Providing solutions to business problems for major corporations by conducting feasibility studies and by designing/developing/implementing computer-based information systems. These activities were performed as an independent consultant and as an employee of IBM Canada.
▪ Engaged as a Systems Engineer by IBM Canada, whereby his responsibilities included customer technical support as well as the marketing of goods and services.
In addition to his industrial experience, Mr. Baran was also a professor of computer information systems at the John Molson School of Business, Concordia University for some 30 years. Apart from his regular teaching activities, he organized and conducted seminars for the business community. Mr. Baran’s personal and business contacts, as well as his acquired marketing skills, have enabled him to secure investors for various business opportunities.
Mr. Baran has been with the John Molson School of Business, Concordia University since September 1981 until June 2010 at the capacity of Professor and has been with BioCrude Technologies, Inc. (Canada) since October 2008 at the capacity of advisor to the Chairman/CEO.
Ø Edwin-Dario Monzon: B.A., LL.B.; Independent Director; Major strengths include Compliance, Governing Law, Civil-Commercial Litigation, Financial Public Relations and Presentation and Public Interviews.
Mr. Edwin Monzon has been with Lazarus, Charbonneau since 2004. He spent 4 years in the litigation department and then moved on to counsel and assist land-based and online gaming operators. He has assisted governments in the drafting of their gaming legislations and he has provided guidance and support to the gaming operators to help them navigate the various regulatory requirements from a legal, compliance, contractual and structural perspective. In addition, he has advised and counseled on a number of acquisitions in various different sectors of e-commerce.
Mr. Monzon is fluent in English, French and Spanish
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among any of our officers or directors.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws both provide for the indemnification of our officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law.
Limitation of Liability of Directors
Pursuant to the NRS, our Articles of Incorporation exclude personal liability for our Directors for monetary damages based upon any violation of their fiduciary duties as Directors, except as to liability for any breach of the duty of loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, or any transaction from which a Director receives an improper personal benefit. This exclusion of liability does not limit any right which a Director may have to be indemnified and does not affect any Director’s liability under federal or applicable state securities laws. We have agreed to indemnify our directors against expenses, judgments, and amounts paid in settlement in connection with any claim against a Director if he acted in good faith and in a manner he believed to be in our best interests.
Election of Directors and Officers
Directors are elected to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors have been elected and qualified. Officers are appointed to serve until the meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors have been elected and qualified.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
No Executive Officer or Director of the Corporation has been the subject of any Order, Judgment, or Decree of any Court of competent jurisdiction, or any regulatory agency permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring suspending or otherwise limiting him/her from acting as an investment advisor, underwriter, broker or dealer in the securities industry, or as an affiliated person, director or employee of an investment company, bank, savings and loan association, or insurance company or from engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with any such activity or in connection with the purchase or sale of any securities.
No Executive Officer or Director of the Corporation has been convicted in any criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations) or is the subject of a criminal proceeding which is currently pending.
No Executive Officer or Director of the Corporation is the subject of any pending legal proceedings.
Audit Committee and Financial Expert
We do not have an Audit Committee. Our director performs some of the same functions of an Audit Committee, such as: recommending a firm of independent certified public accountants to audit the annual financial statements; reviewing the independent auditor’s independence, the financial statements and their audit report; and reviewing management’s administration of the system of internal accounting controls. The Company does not currently have a written audit committee charter or similar document.
We have no financial expert. We believe the cost related to retaining a financial expert at this time is prohibitive. Further, because of our start-up operations, we believe the services of a financial expert are not warranted.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), requires our executive officers and directors, and persons who beneficially own more than ten percent of an issuer’s common stock, which has been registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership with the SEC. Based upon a review of the copies of such forms furnished to us and written representations from our executive officers and Directors, we believe that as of the date of this filing they were all current in their filings.
Corporate Governance
Nominating Committee
We do not have a Nominating Committee or Nominating Committee Charter. Our Board of Directors performs some of the functions associated with a Nominating Committee. We have elected not to have a Nominating Committee in that we are an initial-stages operating company with limited operations and resources.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation
Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth certain information concerning the annual compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and our other executive officers during the last two fiscal years.
*As of December 31, 2018
**Stock Award(s): During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to Mr. Baran with an aggregate grant date fair value of $746,121, based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock of approximately $0.75 per share, in accordance with FASB Topic 718.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End. There were no outstanding equity awards as of December 31, 2018.
Board Committees
We do not currently have any committees of the Board of Directors. Additionally, due to the nature of our intended business, the Board of Directors does not foresee a need for any committees in the foreseeable future.
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2018, certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by: (i) each person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of our outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) each director or nominee for director of our Company, (iii) each of the executives, and (iv) our directors and executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each shareholder is c/o our company at our principal office address:
(*) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC which generally attribute “Beneficial Ownership” of securities to persons who possess sole or shared voting power and/or investment power with respect to those securities. Unless otherwise indicated, voting and investment power are exercised solely by the person named above or shared with members of such person’s household. This includes any shares such person has the right to acquire within 60 days.
(**) Percent of class is calculated on the basis of the number of shares outstanding on December 31, 2018: 50,430,342.
Changes in Control
There are no arrangements, known to the Company, including any pledge by any person of securities of the Company, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Company.
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPNDENCE
Director Independence
We currently do not have any independent directors, as the term “independent” is defined in Section 803A of the NYSE Amex LLC Company Guide. Since the OTC Markets does not have rules regarding director independence, the Board makes its determination as to director independence based on the definition of “independence” as defined under the rules of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and American Stock Exchange (“Amex”).
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
(1) AUDIT FEES
The fees charged by Dale Matheson Carr-Hilton Labonte, LLP (DMCL) for three months ended (Q1: March 31, 2018) quarterly report review were $3,000 and the audit fees charged by DMCL related to the Amendment to the Form 10-K (2017) filing for reviewing and issuing a consent letter for same were $2,000.
The fees charged by Zwick & Banyai, PLLC for the six months (Q2: June 30, 2017) and nine months (Q3: September 30, 2017) ended quarterly report reviews were $5,000 and $5,000, respectively.
The one time fees charged by BF Borgers CPA PC for redoing the year ended December 31, 2017 audit (originally done by DMCL) for the Form 10-K (2018) filing were $6,480. This was done for the specific purpose of redoing only the year ended December 31, 2017 audit, which was initially done by the Company’s previous registered independent accountants, DMCL, as part of the Company’s December 31, 2017 audit for the Form 10-K (2018); DMCL and the Company were unable to agree as to what it meant to being proper, courteous and professional. The Company felt that DMCL’s agents did not respond appropriately to BioCrude’s agents (CPA’s) messages (emails, telephone voicemails) as necessary to get DMCL’s year ended December 31, 2017 audit consent, hence, the Board of Directors of the Company, by virtue of corporate resolution, decided to commission BF Borgers CPA PC to redo the year ended December 31, 2017 audit.
The fees charged by BF Borgers CPA PC for the year ended December 31, 2018 audit for the Form 10-K (2018) filing were $6,480.
(2) AUDIT-RELATED FEES
Darren Reinblatt CPA, Inc. charged the Company $27,767 for accounting and financial statement preparations for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Mao & Ying LLP, CPA, Inc. charged the Company $3,500 for accounting and financial statement preparations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.
(2) AUDIT-RELATED FEES
Darren Reinblatt CPA, Inc. charged the Company $27,767 for accounting and financial statement preparations for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Mao & Ying LLP, CPA, Inc. charged the Company $3,500 for accounting and financial statement preparations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.
(3) INCOME TAX FEES
The Income Tax fees charged by BF Borgers CPA PC for year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the “IRS”, are $1,500 and the Income Tax fees charged by Darren Reinblatt CPA, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the “Canada Revenue Agency” and “Revenue Quebec” were $1,500.
(4) ALL OTHER FEES
None.
(5) AUDIT COMMITTEE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
We do not have an audit committee.
(6) If greater than 50 percent, disclose the percentage of hours expended on the principal accountant’s engagement to audit the registrant’s financial statements for the most recent fiscal year that were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountant’s full-time, permanent employees.
Not applicable.
PART IV
ITEM 15.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)
1. The financial statements listed in the “Index to Financial Statements” at page are filed as part of this report.
2. Financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
3. Exhibits included or incorporated herein: See index to Exhibits.
(b) Exhibits
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused the report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Biocrude Technologies USA, Inc.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ John Moukas
President, Director, Principal Executive Officer
April 15, 2019
John Moukas