Item 1. Business
This annual report contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may”, “should”, “expects”, “plans”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “predicts”, “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks in the section entitled “Risk Factors”, that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.
Our financial statements are stated in United States Dollars (US$) and are prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
In this annual report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in United States dollars and all references to “common shares” refer to the common shares in our capital stock.
As used in this annual report and unless otherwise indicated, the terms “we”, “us”, “our” and “our company” mean Pacific Green Technologies Inc., a Delaware corporation, and our wholly owned subsidiaries, Pacific Green Technologies Limited, a United Kingdom corporation, Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited, a British Virgin Islands corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiary, Energy Park Sutton Bridge, a United Kingdom corporation, unless otherwise indicated.
Corporate History
Our company was incorporated in Delaware on March 10, 1994, under the name of Beta Acquisition Corp. In September 1995, we changed our name to In-Sports International, Inc. In August 2002, we changed our name from In-Sports International, Inc. to ECash, Inc. In 2007, due to limited financial resources, we discontinued our operations. Over the course of the last five years, we have sought out new business opportunities.
On June 13, 2012, we changed our name to Pacific Green Technologies Inc. and effected a reverse split of our common stock following which we had 27,002 shares of common stock outstanding with $0.001 par value.
Effective December 4, 2012, we filed with the Delaware Secretary of State a Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation, wherein we increased our authorized share capital to 510,000,000 shares of stock as follows:
● 500,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001; and
● 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001.
The increase of authorized capital was approved by our board of directors on July 1, 2012 and by a majority of our stockholders by a resolution dated July 1, 2012.
Historical Business Overview
On May 1, 2010 we entered into a consulting agreement with Sichel Limited. Sichel has investigated new opportunities for us and has subscribed for new shares of our company’s common stock. The consulting agreement entitles Sichel to $20,000 per calendar month. With an effective date of March 31, 2013, the consulting agreement, along with all amounts owed to Sichel, were assigned to Pacific Green Group Limited (“PGG”). As at our year ended March 31, 2017, we owed Sichel $Nil and we owed PGG approximately $3,945,833 in loans and unpaid management fees. Pursuant to the terms of the consulting agreement, if we are unable to pay the monthly consulting fee, PGG may elect to be paid in shares of stock.
Details of other material contracts and commitments follows the New Strategy and Current business section.
New Strategy and Current business
Since 2012, the Company has focused on marketing, developing and acquiring technologies designed to improve the environment by reducing pollution. The Company has acquired technologies, patents and intellectual property from EnviroTechnologies Inc. through share transfer, assignment and representation agreements entered into during 2012 and 2013. Following those acquisitions, management has expanded the registration of intellectual property rights around the world and pursued opportunities globally for the development and marketing of the emission control technologies.
Working with a worldwide network of agents to market the ENVI-Systems™ emission control technologies, the Company has focused on three applications of the technology:
ENVI-Marine TM
Diesel exhaust from ships, ferries and tankers includes ash and soot as particulate components and sulphur dioxide as an acid gas. Testing has been conducted on diesel shipping to confirm the application of seawater as a neutralizing agent for sulphur emissions as well as capturing particulate matter. In addition to marine applications, these tests also showed applicability of the system for large displacement engines such as stationary generators, compressors, container handling, heavy construction and mining equipment.
The Company has manufactured the components for an ENVI-Marine unit to be installed in Union Maritimes’ (Union) MV Westminster chemical ship during the summer of 2017. Under the terms of an Energy Management Lease dated December 16, 2016, following acceptance of the unit by Union, they will make quarterly payments to the Company determined on their savings realized by the ENVI-Marine units’ operation up to an aggregate of $1,995,000.
The Company has been actively marketing its ENVI-Marine™ units to ship brokers and ship owners through most of the year.
ENVI-Pure TM
Increasing legislation relating to landfill of municipal solid waste has led to the emergence of increasing numbers of waste to energy plants (“WtE”). A WtE plant obviates the need for landfill, burning municipal waste for conversion to electricity. A WtE plant is typically 45-100MW. The ENVI-Clean™ system is particularly suited to WtE as it cleans multiple pollutants in a single system.
ENVI-Clean TM
EnviroTechnologies Inc. has successfully conducted sulphur dioxide demonstration tests at the American Bituminous Coal Partners power plant in Grant Town, West Virginia. The testing achieved a three test average of 99.3% removal efficiency. The implementation of US Clean Air regulations in July 2010 has created additional demand for sulphur dioxide removal in all industries emitting sulphur pollution. Furthermore, China consumes approximately one half of the world’s coal, but introduced measures designed to reduce energy and carbon intensity in its 12th Five Year Plan. Applications include regional power facilities and heating for commercial buildings and greenhouses. Typical applications range in size from 1 to 20 megawatts (MW) with power generation occupying the larger end of the range.
Following the signing of a joint venture agreement with Power China SPEM, subsequent to year end an ENVI-Clean™ was sold to a steelworks company in Yancheng to remove SO2 from its 93MW gas combustion powerplant.
The ENVI-Clean™ system removes most of the sulphur dioxide, particulate matter, greenhouse gases and other hazardous air pollutants from the flue gases produced by the combustion of coal, biomass, municipal solid waste, diesel and other fuels.
The ENVI-Clean™ system is comprised of five components:
● an induced draft fan (“ID fan”);
● a gas conditioning chamber;
● the ENVI-Clean™ unit;
● a demister; and
● settling tanks.
The ID fan creates the pressure differential required to force the gas through the scrubbing fluid suspended on each head and move it through the other components in the system. The gas conditioning chamber cools the hot flue gas prior to entering the ENVI-Clean™ System. The ENVI-Clean™ System contains the heads and the demister pads at the exhaust exit. The neutralizing fluid is constantly circulated and cleaned by mechanical means with the contaminated component of the separation going to a settling tank prior to dewatering. The settled solids are disposed of with the bottom ash produced by the combustion process.
The ENVI-CES™ technology forces 100% of the polluted exhaust flue gas into the neutralizing fluid to produce a highly turbulent interaction between the target pollutants and the fluid. The aggressive mixing produces small bubbles which create a very high surface contact area between the exhaust gas and fluid to enhance the transfer of particulate and targeted gaseous and hazardous pollutants from the exhaust to the fluid.
Schematic of the ENVI-Clean™ Emission’s System as installed for Biomass applications
Unique to the ENVI approach is the introduction of the gas in the lower section of the ENVI-Clean™ unit which makes the greatest portion of its cross section available for fluid-gas interaction. This permits a smaller and highly flexible footprint. Furthermore, the system design allows for multiple heads each containing different neutralizing fluids to remove various pollutants from the flue gas. The ordered removal of acid and greenhouse gases within a single unit makes the system highly desirable by industries whose fuels contain multiple contaminants. The resulting ENVI-Clean™ unit has high efficiency and is very simple to operate.
The neutralizing solution is selected to remove targeted pollutants: limestone and hydrated lime are used to neutralize the scrubbing solution for the removal of acid gases such as sulphur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride. The unique design of the ENVI system allows for the sequential removal of pollutants by stacking heads and utilizing different neutralizing chemistry in each operating unit. This provides industry with a system that fulfills multiple applications.
The ENVI-Clean™ system has numerous new and retrofit applications:
● coal and coal waste fuelled CFBC boilers;
● pulverized coal and stoker-grate boilers;
● heavy oil fired boilers;
● biomass and waste to energy boilers;
● lime kilns, dryers, shredders and foundries;
● industrial exhaust scrubbing of particulates and acid gases;
● diesel engines, large marine and stationary engines; and
● sewage sludge, hazardous waste and MSW incinerators.
Significant transactions
Management, assisted by PGG, identified an opportunity to build a business focused on marketing, developing and acquiring technologies designed to improve the environment by reducing pollution. To this end, we entered into and closed an assignment and share transfer agreement, on June 14, 2012, for the assignment of a representation agreement and the acquisition of a company involved in the environmental technology industry.
The assignment and share transfer agreement provided for the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Pacific Green Technologies Limited, formerly PGG’s subsidiary in the United Kingdom. Additionally, PGG has assigned to our company a ten year exclusive worldwide representation agreement with EnviroTechnologies Inc., (formerly EnviroResolutions, Inc.), a Delaware corporation, to market and sell EnviroTechnologies’ current and future environmental technologies. The representation agreement entitles PGG to a commission of 20% of all sales (net of taxes) generated by EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the assignment and share transfer agreement, all rights and obligations under the representation agreement have been transferred to our company. We currently anticipate that sales under the representation agreement will be our sole source of revenue for the foreseeable future. We had intended to complete an acquisition of EnviroTechnologies, as this would have been a logical step in our development. However, as discussed herein, we have settled with EnviroTechnologies as an alternative.
Both Sichel and PGG are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Hookipa Trust. PGG’s wholly owned subsidiary was Pacific Green Technologies Limited. As a result, we acquired Pacific Green Technologies Limited from PGG. Sichel is a significant shareholder of our company and also provides us with consulting services. The sole director of Sichel is also the sole director of PGG. Further, PGG is a significant shareholder of EnviroTechnologies.
The assignment and share transfer agreement closed on June 14, 2012 via the issuance of 5,000,000 shares of our common stock as well as a $5,000,000 promissory note to PGG. We have consequently undertaken the operations of Pacific Green Technologies Limited and PGG’s obligations under the representation agreement.
Full consideration contemplated by the assignment and share transfer agreement was $25,000,000 satisfied through the issue of 5,000,000 new shares of our common stock at a price of $4 per share with the balance of $5,000,000 structured as a promissory note over the next five years as follows:
● June 12, 2013, $1,000,000 (which amount remains outstanding and has been rolled over to the following payment date);
● June 12, 2014, $1,000,000 (this amount remains unpaid);
● June 12, 2015, $1,000,000 (this amount remains unpaid);
● June 12, 2016, $1,000,000(this amount remains unpaid) and;
● June 12, 2017, $1,000,000. (this amount remains unpaid);
Under the terms of the promissory note, the loan repayments specified above shall not exceed the amount we earn under the terms of the representation agreement. If we are unable to meet the repayment schedule set out above, PGG will have the option to either roll over any unpaid portion to the following payment date or to convert the outstanding amount into new shares of our common stock. However, the entire amount of the promissory note is due upon the maturity date on the fifth anniversary. The promissory note is unsecured.
The total consideration of $25,000,000 was a purchase price not determined under U.S. GAAP, and both the $25,000,000 total price and the deemed price of $4 per share does not represent the fair value of the stock issued or a value used in accounting for the acquisition. The number of shares issued and the terms of the promissory note were negotiated between the parties and are intended to represent full consideration for the acquisition of Pacific Green Technologies Limited and the representation agreement.
Our management believes that the ENVI-Clean™ system has significant competitive advantages in the market for emission control systems including:
1. Efficiency: tests performed at an 84MW coal power plant in West Virginia (USA) indicate that the ENVI-Clean™ system removed on average 99.3% of sulfur dioxide over a three day period from the plant’s emissions;
2. Low Capital Cost: the system has a compact and flexible footprint relative to competitive products. For electricity generation applications, EnviroTechnologies’ system is priced for market at approximately $90 per kilowatt of electricity generation. In comparison, industry consultants state that comparable systems in North America are typically priced at $300-500 per kilowatt (Source: High Energy Services/Babcock & Wilson-wet scrubber systems for S02 removal in North America);
3. Low Ongoing Operating Cost: the ENVI-Clean™ system is more affordable in the long term for customers compared to competitor products;
4. New and Retrofit Applications: for retrofit applications in particular (as required by the 2011 EPA Boiler MACT Requirements), the system is considered by management to be more compact and adaptable than rival systems;
5. Scalability: the ENVI-Clean™ system can be adapted for the largest power stations but also smaller applications such as diesel marine engines. It can also remove multiple pollutants in a single system, unlike much of the competition.
On October 5, 2011, EnviroResolutions, a British Columbia corporation, signed a contract to supply the ENVI-Clean™ system to a new waste to energy plant being built in Peterborough, United Kingdom (the “Peterborough Contract”). The initial material term and condition of the contract was that EnviroResolutions demonstrate testing of the system that achieved the performance levels represented in regards to emissions by March 31, 2012. This condition was successfully satisfied and confirmed with Peterborough Renewable Energy Limited (“PREL”) prior to the required date. The Peterborough Contract entitles us, as the holder of the representation agreement, to a commission of approximately $4,600,000 before third party agency fees.
Effective March 5, 2013, we entered into a supplemental agreement with EnviroTechnologies and EnviroResolutions. The supplemental agreement amends the representation agreement between PGG and EnviroTechnologies dated June 7, 2010, which was later assigned to us from PGG in connection with an assignment and share transfer agreement dated June 14, 2012. The supplemental agreement entitles our company to a commission of equal to 50% (previously 20%) of any licensing revenue that may be generated by EnviroTechnologies Inc. in respect of its existing and future technologies.
In addition, pursuant to the supplemental agreement, we will receive from EnviroResolutions an amount equal to 50% of any assets or consideration received as compensation from PREL for PREL’s failure to perform under a contingent sale agreement dated October 5, 2011 between EnviroResolutions and PREL. We will receive the fee for our assistance to EnviroResolutions during their negotiations with PREL regarding PREL’s failure to perform. The fee, if any, provided to us will not constitute any repayment of our loans that were made to EnviroResolutions.
The supplemental agreement supplements the Peterborough Contract dated October 5, 2011 entered into among EnviroResolutions, PREL and GEPL. Pursuant to the Peterborough Contract, EnviroResolutions was to supply PREL with a wet scrubbing emission control system to a proposed waste to energy plant being built in Peterborough, United Kingdom.
Information on Pacific Green Technologies Limited
Pacific Green Technologies Limited is a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales on April 5, 2011 (“PGT”). The director of PGT was Mr. Joseph Grigor Kelly. On November 7, 2012, Mr. Joseph Grigor Kelly tendered his resignation to the board of directors. PGT has no employees. Concurrently, Neil Carmichael consented to and was appointed as the sole director and chief executive and financial officer of PGT.
The purpose of incorporating PGT was to utilize local knowledge and contacts to build a platform for sales in the following regions: Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Russian Federation, Turkey, Middle East, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Africa. However, our company has found that the cost to have physical presence in England far out weights the benefit. As a result, PGT is now in the process of being dissolved as of the date of the filing of this annual report.
Information on Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited
Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited (“PGEP”) sees an opportunity to develop renewable power stations with capacities up to 50MW in the biomass and waste to energy sectors. In addition to their positive impact on the world’s environment, these projects have the potential to deliver a sustainable post-tax equity IRR and may provide our company with an opportunity to deploy its technologies. To this end our company has been identifying and investigating appropriate projects worldwide.
On March 26, 2012, PGEP reached an agreement with the shareholders of Energy Park Sutton Bridge Limited (“EPSB”), whereby PGEP would fund a planning application for the development of a biomass energy plant in return for a 75% shareholding in EPSB. EPSB was incorporated in the UK in 2009 to develop a 49 MW biomass energy plant in Sutton Bridge, Lincolnshire, UK. A planning application for EPSB was submitted to South Holland District Council (“SHDC”) on September 4, 2012.
On March 5, 2013, PGEP acquired the remaining 25% of EPSB. On May 8, 2013, EPSB secured planning permission for a 49MW biomass power plant at Sutton Bridge, Lincolnshire.
The facility will have an installed energy capacity of 49MW. The export capacity of the facility will be circa 44MW. The electricity will be supplied to the National Grid. Heat from the operation will be used within the facility and the ancillary buildings whilst off-take points will be provided for future combined heat and power needs in the area. The location of the plant alongside an existing industrial estate and in proximity of an area proposed for future industrial expansion makes the realization of the potential for combined heat and power more likely than in other possible locations. EPSB has secured options to purchase the freehold of the Energy Park site from the land owners.
Biomass is considered to be carbon neutral because the quantity of CO2 released during combustion is the same as that absorbed by plants as a result of photosynthesis during their growth. This differs from fossil fuels in that, although both originating from organic matter, the carbon in fossil fuels has been locked away for millions of years, and when released during combustion, results in a net increase in CO2 levels in the atmosphere.
Biomass is also considered environmentally sustainable as in many cases it is derived from by-products of other industries such as agriculture and forestry management. This contains a closed carbon cycle with no net increase in atmospheric CO2 levels. As a result, EPSB will be entitled to renewables obligation certificates (“ROCs”) under the UK’s Renewable Obligation regime. As of April 2016, pure biomass will be afforded 1.4 ROCs/MWh of electricity produced, for a 20 year tariff period. EPSB’s forecasts assume:
EPSB will recover energy from virgin wood using steam turbine technology. The plant will require approximately 325,000 tonnes of virgin wood per annum (“Feedstock”).
Following discussions with industry experts, engineers, consultants and financiers, our company estimates that EPSB should cost approximately £165,000,000 to construct. Once the project is “spade ready”, construction should take 2 years. Previously, we anticipated that the project would be “spade ready” by March 2014. However, our company’s application for planning consent was not accepted by council and we resubmitted our application on June 20, 2014. The EPC contractor will provide a fixed cost turnkey completion guarantee. Planning consent was again turned down April 2015.
A detailed carbon assessment has been submitted within the EIA presenting the carbon savings offered by the operation of the facility.
The project will deliver combined heat and power (“CHP”) infrastructure. Our company is investigating potential opportunities for supplying local heat customers at both existing and potential new developments off site. EPSB will maintain an open dialogue with the local authority and will ensure that an appropriate boiler and turbine design is selected to facilitate the distribution of heat.
Currently our company is identifying and assessing further renewable power plant developments that are complimentary to the use of ENVI-Emissions Systems where possible.
Securing additional financial and human capital
We have limited capital and four directors. It is anticipated that we will expand our management team to fully exploit the representation agreement and it will also therefore be necessary to raise financial capital. We will therefore proactively seek the raising of additional financial capital.
Form of any subsequent acquisitions
The manner in which we participate in an opportunity will depend upon the nature of the opportunity, our respective needs and desires and those of the promoters of the opportunity, and our relative negotiating strength compared to that of such promoters.
It is likely that we will acquire further participations in business opportunities through the issuance of our common stock, or other of our securities. Although the terms of any such transaction cannot be predicted, it should be noted that in certain circumstances the criteria for determining whether or not an acquisition is a so-called “tax free” reorganization under Section 368(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, depends upon whether the owners of the acquired business own 80% or more of the voting stock of the surviving entity. If a transaction were structured to take advantage of these provisions rather than other “tax free” provisions provided under the Code, all prior stockholders would in such circumstances retain 20% or less of the total issued and outstanding shares of the surviving entity. Under other circumstances, depending upon the relative negotiating strength of the parties, prior stockholders may retain substantially less than 20% of the total issued and outstanding shares of the surviving entity. This could result in substantial additional dilution to the equity of those who were our stockholders prior to such reorganization.
Our stockholders will likely not have control of a majority of our voting securities following a reorganization transaction. As part of such a transaction, our directors may resign and one or more new directors may be appointed without any vote by stockholders.
In the case of an acquisition, the transaction may be accomplished upon the sole determination of management without any vote or approval by our stockholders. In the case of a statutory merger or consolidation directly involving our company, it will likely be necessary to call a stockholders’ meeting and obtain the approval of the holders of a majority of our outstanding securities. The necessity to obtain such stockholder approval may result in delay and additional expense in the consummation of any proposed transaction and will also give rise to certain appraisal rights to dissenting stockholders. Most likely, management will seek to structure any such transaction so as not to require stockholder approval.
It is anticipated that the investigation of specific business opportunities and the negotiation, drafting and execution of relevant agreements, disclosure documents and other instruments will require substantial management time and attention and substantial cost for accountants, attorneys and others. If a decision is made not to participate in a specific business opportunity, the costs theretofore incurred in the related investigation might not be recoverable. Furthermore, even if an agreement is reached for the participation in a specific business opportunity, the failure to consummate that transaction may result in the loss to us of the related costs incurred.
Other Business Matters
On April 3, 2013, we entered into and closed a share exchange agreement with certain shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the share exchange agreement, we agreed to acquire 17,653,872 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from the shareholders in exchange for the issuance of 1,765,395 shares of the common stock of our company. We issued an aggregate of 1,765,395 common shares to 47 shareholders.
On April 25, 2013, we entered into and closed share exchange agreements with certain shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the share exchange agreement, we agreed to acquire 6,682,357 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from the shareholders in exchange for the issuance of 668,238 shares of common stock of our company. We issued an aggregate of 668,238 common shares to 20 shareholders.
On May 15, 2013, we entered into and closed a stock purchase agreement with all five of the shareholders of Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited (“PGEP”), a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. PGEP is the sole shareholder of Energy Park Sutton Bridge Limited, a company incorporated in the United Kingdom. PGEP is developing a biomass power plant facility and holds an option to purchase the real property upon which the facility will be built.
Pursuant to the stock purchase agreement, we agreed to acquire all of the 1,752 issued and outstanding common shares of PGEP from the shareholders in exchange for:
1. a payment of $100 upon execution of the stock purchase agreement, which has been paid by us;
2. $14,000,000 paid in common shares in our capital stock at a deemed price at the lower of $4 per share or the average closing price per share of our capital stock in the ten trading days immediately preceding the date of closing of the stock purchase agreement, which have been issued by us;
3. $3,000,000 payable in common shares of our capital stock at a deemed price at the lower of $4 per share or the average closing price per share of our capital stock in the ten trading days immediately preceding the date upon which PGEP either purchases the property or secures a lease permitting PGEP to operate the facility on the property, which has not yet occurred; and
4. subject to leasing or purchasing the property and PGEP securing sufficient financing for the construction of the facility, $33,000,000 payable in common shares of our capital stock at a deemed price at the lower of $4 per share or the average closing price per share of our capital stock in the ten trading days immediately preceding the date that PGEP secures sufficient financing for the construction of the facility, which has not yet occurred.
All consideration from our company to the shareholders has been and will be issued on a pro-rata, pari-passu basis in proportion to the respective number of shares of PGEP sold by each respective shareholder. On May 15, 2013, pursuant to the stock purchase agreement, we issued an aggregate of 3,500,000 common shares, at an agreed upon deemed price of $4 per share, to the five shareholders.
Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited and its wholly owned subsidiary, Energy Park Sutton Bridge, are now subsidiaries of our company.
On May 17, 2013, we entered into a debt settlement agreement with EnviroTechnologies and EnviroResolutions (collectively, the “Debtors”). Pursuant to the terms of the debt settlement agreement, we agreed to release and waive all obligations of the Debtors to repay debts, in the aggregate of $293,406 and CAD$38,079, to us and agreed to return an aggregate of 88,876,443 (as of March 31, 2015, 2,217,130 common shares of EnviroTechnologies remain to be returned) common shares of EnviroTechnologies to EnviroResolutions. As consideration for this release and waiver and return of shares, the Debtors agreed to transfer all rights, interests and title to certain intellectual property, the physical embodiments of such intellectual property, and to the supplemental agreement dated March 5, 2013 among EnviroResolutions, PREL and Green Energy Parks Limited (“GEPL”) (collectively, the “Debtors’ Assets”).
The Debtors’ Assets include the intellectual property rights throughout most of the world for the ENVI-Clean™ system, the ENVI-Pure™ system and the ENVI-SEA™ scrubber. The ENVI-Clean™ system removes most of the sulphur dioxide, particulate matter, greenhouse gases and other hazardous air pollutants from the flue gases produced by the combustion of coal, biomass, municipal solid waste, diesel and other fuels. The ENVI-Pure™ emission system combines the ENVI-Clean™ highly effective patent-pending wet scrubbing technology with an innovative wet electrostatic precipitator and a granular activated carbon adsorber to remove particulate matter, acid gases, regulated metals, dioxins and VOCs from the flue gas to levels significantly below those required by strictest international regulations. The ENVI-SEA™ scrubber can be applied to diesel exhaust emissions that require sulphur and particulate matter abatement. Using seawater on a single-pass basis as the scrubbing fluid in combination with its patent pending scrubbing head will provide a highly interactive zone of turbulent mixing for absorption of SO2, particulate matter and other pollutants from the engine’s exhaust.
The following is a brief description of further terms and conditions of the debt settlement agreement that are material to our company:
1. we pay 25% of all funds, if any, received under the supplemental agreement to the Debtors within 14 days upon receipt of funds, if any, pursuant to the supplemental agreement;
2. we enter into definitive agreements with the Debtors to:
a. license the Debtors’ Assets back to the Debtors, under arm’s length commercial terms, for use in the USA and Canada, with the exception of NRG Energy, Inc. and Edison Mission and affiliates; and
b. have the Debtors provide engineering services to us on terms to be agreed upon, acting reasonably;
3. the Debtors pay pro-rata any third party broker fees and legal fees, if any, that are subsequent costs associated with the Supplemental Agreement; and
4. the Debtors retain possession of, yet make a pilot-scale scrubber available for rental to our company at a nominal cost.
On June 11, 2013, we submitted 24,336,229 common shares of EnviroTechnologies to EnviroTechnologies for cancellation pursuant to our debt settlement agreement with EnviroTechnologies and EnviroResolutions dated May 17, 2013.
Pursuant to a debt settlement agreement dated May 17, 2013 among our company, EnviroTechnologies and EnviroResolutions, on November 22, 2013, our company was transferred a 40% shareholding in PREL by GEPL (who had, prior to this transfer, held all the issued and outstanding shares of PREL). PREL is a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of the United Kingdom.
PREL was incorporated by GEPL to develop a 79MWe waste to energy power station at Peterborough, United Kingdom (the “Peterborough Plant”). The Peterborough Plant has full planning permission at 79MWe and environmental agency permits. It is understood that the Peterborough Plant will be built in two stages at a total capital cost of approximately GBP£500 million (approximately US$824,534,442). As of May 17, 2013, PREL owns 20% of Energy Park Investments Limited, the holding company that is currently intended to finance the development of the Peterborough Plant in turn through its wholly owned operating subsidiary Energy Park Peterborough Limited.
On June 17, 2013, we entered into and closed share exchange agreements with certain shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the share exchange agreements we agreed to acquire 8,061,286 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from the shareholders in exchange for the issuance of 806,132 shares of common stock of our company. We issued as aggregate of 806,132 shares of common stock to 19 shareholders.
On August 6, 2013, we entered into two share exchange agreements with two shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the agreements, we agreed to acquire 440,000 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from one shareholder in exchange for shares of common stock of our company on a 1 for 10 basis. Pursuant to the terms of the other agreement, we agreed to acquire 600,000 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from one shareholder in exchange for shares of common stock of our company on a 1 for 15 basis.
On August 27, 2013, we entered into share exchange agreements with certain shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the agreements, we have agreed to acquire 32,463,489 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from the shareholders in exchange for shares of common stock of our company on a 1 for 10 basis.
On September 13, 2013, we submitted 41,564,775 common shares of EnviroTechnologies to EnviroTechnologies for cancellation pursuant to our debt settlement agreement with EnviroTechnologies and EnviroResolutions dated May 17, 2013.
On September 26, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Andrew Jolly, wherein Dr. Jolly agreed to serve as a director of our company. Pursuant to the agreement, our company is to compensate Dr. Jolly for serving as a director of our company at GBP£2,000 (approximately $3,235) per calendar month. Effective October 1, 2013, we appointed Dr. Jolly as a director of our company.
On October 11, 2013, we entered into share exchange agreements with certain shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the agreements, we have agreed to acquire 674,107 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from the shareholders in exchange for shares of common stock of our company on a 1 for 10 basis.
Effective October 31, 2013, we entered into a private placement agreement. Pursuant to the agreement, we issued 18,750 common shares in our capital stock at a purchase price of $4.00 per share, for total proceeds of $75,000.
Effective December 19, 2013, we entered into private placement agreements with nine subscribers. Pursuant to the agreements, we issued an aggregate of 262,500 common shares in our capital stock at a purchase price of $3.20 per share, for total proceeds of $840,000.
On December 18, 2013, we announced that our company has engaged BlueMount Capital to spearhead the development of its proprietary emission control technologies, ENVI-Clean™ and ENVI-Pure™, in the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). In addition to corporate finance advisory services both within and outside China, BlueMount offers a tailored service to clients wishing to enter the PRC market with a particular emphasis on companies that own proprietary technology, intellectual property and expertise. To that end, BlueMount provides a comprehensive suite of services to enhance the effectiveness and long-term sustainability of foreign brands entering the PRC market via: Our company's strategic objective is to establish an operating presence in China with established local partners and rapidly rollout its technologies.
On December 27, 2013, we entered into and closed share exchange agreements with certain shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. Pursuant to the terms of the share exchange agreements, we acquired 130,000 issued and outstanding common shares of EnviroTechnologies from the shareholders in exchange for shares of common stock of our company on a 1 for 10 basis. On December 27, 2013, we issued an aggregate of 13,000 common shares to the shareholders of EnviroTechnologies.
On January 27, 2014, we entered into an agreement with Pöyry Management Consulting (UK) Limited. Pursuant to the agreement, Pöyry is to provide consulting services to us. Our company has agreed to compensate Pöyry a minimum of £5,000 (approximately $8,293) as consulting fees for the first year of the agreement and a variable hourly rate as set out in the agreement.
Effective March 10, 2014, we entered into a private placement agreement with one subscriber. Pursuant to the agreement with the subscriber, we agreed to the issuance of an aggregate of 125,000 common shares in our capital stock at a purchase price of $4.00 per share, for total proceeds of $500,000.
On May 27, 2014, we entered into a $200,000 convertible debenture with Intrawest Overseas Limited. Under the terms of the debenture, the amount is unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, and is due on May 27, 2015. Pursuant to the agreement, should any portion of loan remain outstanding past maturity the interest will increase to 15% per annum. The note is convertible into shares of common stock 180 days after the date of issuance (November 27, 2014) until maturity at a conversion rate of 75% of the average offer price of our company’s common stock for the 45 days ending one trading day prior to the date the conversion notice is sent by the holder to our company.
Our company analyzed the conversion option under ASC 815, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, and determined that the conversion feature should be classified as a liability and recorded at fair value due to there being no explicit limit to the number of shares to be delivered upon settlement of the conversion option. In accordance with ASC 815, our company recognized the intrinsic value of the embedded beneficial conversion feature of $33,922. On November 27, 2014, the note became convertible resulting in our company recording a derivative liability of $33,922 with a corresponding adjustment to loss on change in fair value of derivative liabilities.
On June 12, 2014, we entered into a $100,000 convertible debenture with Gerstle Consulting Pty Limited. Under the terms of the debenture, the amount is unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, and was due on June 12, 2015. Pursuant to the agreement, should any portion of loan remain outstanding past maturity the interest would increase to 15% per annum. The note was convertible into shares of common stock 180 days after the date of issuance (December 12, 2014) until maturity at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of our company’s common stock for the 45 days ending one trading day prior to the date the conversion notice was sent by the holder to our company.
Our company analyzed the conversion option under ASC 815, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, and determined that the conversion feature should be classified as a liability and recorded at fair value due to there being no explicit limit to the number of shares to be delivered upon settlement of the conversion option. In accordance with ASC 815, our company recognized the intrinsic value of the embedded beneficial conversion feature of $9,793. On December 12, 2014, the note became convertible resulting in our company recording a derivative liability of $9,793 with a corresponding adjustment to loss on change in fair value of derivative liabilities.
On June 30, 2015, through our wholly owned subsidiary, Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited, we purchased all of the issued and outstanding shares in Pacific Green Technologies Asia Limited for $1.00 from Alexander Shead.
We entered into an agreement dated July 20, 2015 with Mr. Alexander Shead. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Shead agreed to serve as a director of our company. As a director of our company, Mr. Shead was to be compensated $1,000 for every calendar month of the term of the agreement. The term of the agreement was for 12 months. On July 20, 2015, we appointed Mr. Shead as a director of our company.
On September 22, 2015, our company entered into a consulting agreement (the “Agreement”) with Midam Ventures, LLC (“Midam”) wherein Midam would provide investor relations and business advisory services to us from September 23, 2015 to March 23, 2016. Any compensation described in the Agreement would be deemed earned and vested by Midam even in the case of early termination of the Agreement.
Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, we paid $30,000 in cash and 200,000 common restricted shares of our company to Midam. Effective October 20, 2015, we issued all of the shares pursuant to an exemption from registration relying on the provisions of Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
On October 24, 2015, our company entered into a marketing and consulting agreement with Red Rock Marketing Media, Inc. (“Red Rock”) wherein Red Rock would provide investor relations and business advisory services to us for a period of 40 business days starting on or before the 10 business days after compensation was received from Red Rock. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, we were to pay $100,000 in cash by October 29, 2015.
On October 27, 2015, our company entered into a loan agreement with a significant shareholder for proceeds of approximately $4,231. The loan is unsecured, bears an interest rate of US Prime Rate plus 4%, and is due on demand.
On November 10, 2015, we issued a convertible note (the “Note”) to Tangiers Investment Group, LLC (“Tangiers”) in exchange for an aggregate of $100,000 from Tangiers. The Note is for the aggregate sum of $110,000 with 10% interest as an original issue discount and convertible into our common shares of (the “Shares”) at a price of equal to the lower of: (a) $.40 per common share of our company or (b) 60% of the lowest trading price of our common stock during the 20 consecutive trading days prior to the date on which the holder of the Note elects to convert all or part of the Note.
On November 17, 2015, Pacific Green Technologies China Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of our company, entered into a commercial joint venture agreement with PowerChina SPEM Company Limited (“PowerChina”) wherein PowerChina would receive and process orders from our company for customers, and manufacture and install products as an engineering procurement construction process. In return, our company agreed to design the product and provide a technology license and technical supports to PowerChina. During the Agreement, we will provide PowerChina with a non-transferrable right and license to use Technology to manufacture and install our product within the Peoples’ Republic of China.
Upon receiving each order from us, PowerChina and we shall submit to each other the respective estimated budgets. For each project, after receipt of the revenue from the relevant customer, the budgets of our company and PowerChina shall be deducted and reimbursed from the revenue proportionally. We have agreed to share the gross profit pursuant to an even split of 50% to PowerChina and 50% to our company.
Competition
We face competition from various companies involved in the environmental technology industries and specifically companies involved in filtering of pollutants.
Many of our competitors have longer operating histories, better brand recognition and greater financial resources than we do. In order for us to successfully compete in our industry we will need to:
● establish our product’s competitive advantage with customers;
● develop a comprehensive marketing system; and
● increase our financial resources.
However, there can be no assurance that even if we do these things, we will be able to compete effectively with the other companies in our industry.
As we are a newly-established company, we face the same problems as other new companies starting up in an industry, such as lack of available funds. Our competitors may be substantially larger and better funded than us, and have significantly longer histories of research, operation and development than us. In addition, they may be able to provide more competitive products than we can and generally be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in legislation and regulations relating to the industry. Additionally, our competitors may devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products or services than we do. Increased competition could also result in loss of key personnel, reduced margins or loss of market share, any of which could harm our business.
Research and Development Expenditures
We have not incurred any research expenditures over the past two fiscal years.
Intellectual Property
We do not own, either legally or beneficially, any patent or trademark, except for the following:
We now own the proprietary emission abatement systems, currently known as ENVI-Clean™, ENVI-Pure™, for removing acid gases, particulate matter, dioxins, VOCs and other regulated hazardous air pollutants from the flue gases produced by the combustion of coal, biomass, municipal solid waste, diesel and other fuels, and ENVI-SEA™, scrubber that can be applied to diesel exhaust emissions that require sulphur and particulate matter abatement, previously owned or controlled by the Debtors, and includes, without limitation, all developments, improvements, and derivative works based upon or incorporating the Technology, all work product created by the Debtors, and all intellectual property in the foregoing.
The ENVI-Clean™ system has protected intellectual property rights throughout most of the world. Its technology is protected by Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) patent application no. PCT/CA210/000988 filed June 25, 2010 with a priority filing date of June 25, 2009. The International Preliminary Report on Patentability for this PCT application considered all patent claims of the application to be patentable. EnviroTechnologies has pending national or regional phase patent applications claiming priority from PCT/CA2010/000988 covering 127 countries. Once patents issue, patent rights in this technology will generally endure until June 25, 2030.
Further, we own the rights to the US provisional patent application no. US 61/614696 for the integrated wet scrubbing system. Additionally, we own the rights to US provisional patent application no. US 61/645874 for the flooded wet scrubbing head patent.
Identification of Certain Significant Employees
Currently, we do not have any employees. Other than as set out below, we have not entered into any consulting or employment agreements with any of our other directors.
Effective December 18, 2012, we entered into a non-executive director agreement with Dr. Neil Carmichael, wherein Dr. Carmichael received compensation of $1,000 for the term of the agreement and was granted options to purchase up to 62,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share of common stock. The options were to terminate the earlier of 24 months, or upon the termination of the agreement and Dr. Carmichael's engagement with our company. Those options expired unexercised.
On September 26, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Andrew Jolly, wherein Dr. Jolly agreed to serve as a director of our company. Pursuant to the agreement, our company is to compensate Dr. Jolly for serving as a director of our company at GBP£2,000 (approximately $3,235) per calendar month. Effective October 1, 2013, we appointed Dr. Jolly as a director of our company.
On October 22, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Chris Williams, wherein Mr. Williams agreed to serve as business development director of our company effective December 5, 2013. As business development director of our company, Mr. Williams was to focus on developing potential new business opportunities and generating sales from our existing assets. Mr. Williams resigned effective April 23, 2014.
We entered into an agreement dated July 20, 2015 with Mr. Alexander Shead. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Shead agreed to serve as a director of our company for consideration of $1,000 per month for a term of one year.
Our directors, executive officers and certain contracted individuals play an important role in the running of our company. We do not expect any material changes in the number of employees over the next 12 month period. We do and will continue to outsource contract employment as needed.
We engage contractors from time to time to consult with us on specific corporate affairs or to perform specific tasks in connection with our operations.
Government Regulations
Some aspects of our intended operations will be subject to a variety of federal, provincial, state and local laws, rules and regulations in North America and worldwide relating to, among other things, worker safety and the use, storage, discharge and disposal of environmentally sensitive materials. For example, we are subject to the Resource Conservation Recovery Act (“RCRA”), the principal federal legislation regulating hazardous waste generation, management and disposal.
Under some of the laws regulating the use, storage, discharge and disposal of environmentally sensitive materials, an owner or lessee of real estate may be liable for the costs of removing or remediating certain hazardous or toxic substances located on or in, or emanating from, such property, as well as related costs of investigation and property damage. Laws of this nature often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or lessee knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of the hazardous or toxic substances. These laws and regulations may require the removal or remediation of pollutants and may impose civil and criminal penalties for violations. Some of the laws and regulations authorize the recovery of natural resource damages by the government, injunctive relief and the imposition of stop, control, remediation and abandonment orders. The costs arising from compliance with environmental and natural resource laws and regulations may increase operating costs for both us and our potential customers. We are also subject to safety policies of jurisdictional-specific Workers Compensation Boards and similar agencies regulating the health and safety of workers.
We are not aware of any material violations of environmental permits, licenses or approvals issued with respect to our operations. We expect to comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to our intended business. At this time, we do not anticipate any material capital expenditures to comply with environmental or various regulations and requirements.
While our intended projects or business activities have been designed to produce environmentally friendly green energy or other alternative products for which no specific regulatory barriers exist, any regulatory changes that impose additional restrictions or requirements on us or on our potential customers could adversely affect us by increasing our operating costs and decreasing potential demand for our technologies, products or services, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Subsidiaries
Both Sichel Limited and Pacific Green Group Limited are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Hookipa Trust. Pacific Green Group Limited’s wholly owned subsidiary was Pacific Green Technologies Limited. As a result, we acquired Pacific Green Technologies Limited from Pacific Green Group Limited. Sichel is a significant shareholder of our company, and also provides us with consulting services pursuant to a consulting agreement. The sole director of Sichel is also the sole director of Pacific Green Group Limited. Further, PGG is a significant shareholder of EnviroTechnologies.
Our company’s wholly owned subsidiaries are Pacific Green Technologies Marine Limited,(formerly Pacific Green Technologies Limited) a United Kingdom corporation, Pacific Green Technologies International Limited, (Formerly Pacific Green Energy Parks Limited) a British Virgin Islands corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiary, Energy Park Sutton Bridge, a United Kingdom corporation, as well as Pacific Green Technologies Asia Ltd and Pacific Green Technologies China Ltd, both Hong Kong companies.
REPORTS TO SECURITY HOLDERS
We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission and our filings are available to the public over the internet at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The public may read and copy any materials filed by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street N.E. Washington D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-732-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and formation statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, at http://www.sec.gov.
Employees
As of March 31, 2017, we did not have any full-time or part-time employees. Our president, treasurer, secretary and director, Neil Carmichael, works as a part-time consultant and devotes approximately 10 hours per week to our business. Our directors, Andrew Jolly, Alexander Shead, and Scott Poulter each work as part-time consultants to our company and devote time to our business on an as needed basis. If our financial position permits, as required by our business, we may enlist certain individuals on a full or part-time salaried basis to assist with marketing, advertising, administration and data management for our business.
Item 1A.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risks Related to our Business
We have a limited operating history with significant losses and expect losses to continue for the foreseeable future.
We have yet to establish any history of profitable operations. We incurred a net loss of $63,483,342 for the period from April 5, 2011 (inception) to March 31, 2017. We had a net loss of $3,352,548 for the year ended March 31, 2017. We have not generated any revenues since our inception and do not anticipate that we will generate revenues which will be sufficient to sustain our operations. We expect that our revenues will not be sufficient to sustain our operations for the foreseeable future. Our profitability will depend on our ability to successfully market and sell the ENVI-Clean™ system and there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so.
There is doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern due to recurring losses from operations, accumulated deficit and insufficient cash resources to meet our business objectives, all of which means that we may not be able to continue operations.
Our independent auditors have added an explanatory paragraph to their audit opinion issued in connection with the consolidated financial statements for the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, with respect to their doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2017, we have incurred operating losses since inception, and our cash resources are insufficient to meet our planned business objectives, which together raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We may not be able to secure additional financing to meet our future capital needs due to changes in general economic conditions.
We anticipate needing significant capital to develop our sales force and effective market the ENVI-Clean™ system. We may use capital more rapidly than currently anticipated and incur higher operating expenses than currently expected, and we may be required to depend on external financing to satisfy our operating and capital needs. We may need new or additional financing in the future to conduct our operations or expand our business. Any sustained weakness in the general economic conditions and/or financial markets in the United States or globally could adversely affect our ability to raise capital on favorable terms or at all. From time to time we have relied, and may also rely in the future, on access to financial markets as a source of liquidity to satisfy working capital requirements and for general corporate purposes. We may be unable to secure debt or equity financing on terms acceptable to us, or at all, at the time when we need such funding. If we do raise funds by issuing additional equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership percentages of existing stockholders would be reduced, and the securities that we issue may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock or may be issued at a discount to the market price of our common stock which would result in dilution to our existing stockholders. If we raise additional funds by issuing debt, we may be subject to debt covenants, which could place limitations on our operations including our ability to declare and pay dividends. Our inability to raise additional funds on a timely basis would make it difficult for us to achieve our business objectives and would have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are a development stage company and we may not be successful in marketing the ENVI-Clean™ system and the value of your investment could decline.
We are a development stage company with no substantial tangible assets in a highly competitive industry. We have little operating history, no customers, and no revenues. This makes it difficult to evaluate our future performance and prospects. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses, delays and difficulties frequently encountered in establishing a new business in an emerging and evolving industry, including the following factors:
● our business model and strategy are still evolving and are continually being reviewed and revised;
● we may not be able to raise the capital required to develop our initial client base and reputation; and
● we may not be able to successfully develop our planned products and services.
We cannot be sure that we will be successful in meeting these challenges and addressing these risks and uncertainties. If we are unable to do so, our business will not be successful and the value of your investment in us will decline.
Our business is subject to environmental and consumer protection legislation and any changes in such legislation could prevent us from becoming profitable.
The energy production and technology industries are subject to many laws and regulations which govern the protection of the environment, quality control standards, health and safety requirements, and the management, transportation and disposal of hazardous substances and other waste. Environmental laws and regulations may require removal or remediation of pollutants and may impose civil and criminal penalties for violations. Some environmental laws and regulations authorize the recovery of natural resource damages by the government, injunctive relief and the imposition of stop, control, remediation and abandonment orders. Similarly, consumer protection laws impose quality control standards on products marketed to the public and prohibit the distribution and marketing of products not meeting those standards.
The costs arising from compliance with environmental and consumer protection laws and regulations may increase operating costs for both us and our potential customers. Any regulatory changes that impose additional environmental restrictions or quality control requirements on us or on our potential customers could adversely affect us through increased operating costs and potential decreased demand for our services, which could prevent us from becoming profitable.
The development and expansion of our business through acquisitions, joint ventures, and other strategic transactions may create risks that may reduce the benefits we anticipate from these strategic alliances and may prevent us from achieving or sustaining profitability.
We intend to enter into technology acquisition and licensing agreements and strategic alliances such as joint ventures or partnerships in order to develop and commercialize our proposed technologies and services, and to increase our competitiveness. We currently do not have any commitments or agreements regarding acquisitions, joint ventures or other strategic alliances. Our management is unable to predict whether or when we will secure any such commitments or agreements, or whether such commitments or agreements will be secured on favorable terms and conditions.
Our ability to continue or expand our operations through acquisitions, joint ventures or other strategic alliances depends on many factors, including our ability to identify acquisitions, joint ventures, or partnerships, or access capital markets on acceptable terms. Even if we are able to identify strategic alliance targets, we may be unable to obtain the necessary financing to complete these transactions and could financially overextend ourselves.
Acquisitions, joint ventures or other strategic transactions may present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including diversion of management attention from existing business and difficulties in integrating operations and personnel. Acquisitions or other strategic alliances also pose the risk that we may be exposed to successor liability relating to prior actions involving a predecessor company, or contingent liabilities incurred before a strategic transaction. Due diligence conducted in connection with an acquisition, and any contractual guarantees or indemnities that we receive from sellers of acquired companies, may not be sufficient to protect us from, or compensate us for, actual liabilities. Liabilities associated with an acquisition or a strategic transaction could adversely affect our business and financial performance and reduce the benefits of the acquisition or strategic transaction. Any failure to integrate new businesses or manage any new alliances successfully could adversely affect our business and financial performance and prevent us from achieving profitability.
Our sole officer will only spend a modest portion of his available time managing our company. As a result, our success depends on the continuing efforts of other members of our senior management team and significant contractors and the loss of the services of such key personnel could result in a disruption of operations which could result in reduced future revenues.
We are dependent upon our officer for execution of our business plan. However, our sole officer, Neil Carmichael, will only spend a modest amount of his time in managing our company. As a result, our future success depends heavily upon the continuing services of the other members of our senior management team. If one or more of such other of our senior executives or other key personnel are unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, we may not be able to replace them easily or at all, and our business may be disrupted and our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. Competition for senior management and key personnel is intense, the pool of qualified candidates is very limited, and we may not be able to retain the services of our senior executives or key personnel, or attract and retain high-quality senior executives or key personnel in the future. We do not currently maintain key man insurance on our senior managers. The loss of the services of our senior management team and employees could result in a disruption of operations which could result in reduced revenues.
We assumed debt as a result of the assignment agreement that we may not be able to repay, resulting in possible default and/or substantial dilution to our shareholders.
The assignment agreement was partly funded through a promissory note of $5 million as set out in this document. There is a risk that we may not be able to repay the promissory note when it is due on maturity. In addition, any failure by us to repay the promissory note may result in PGG converting the amount outstanding into new shares of our company’s common stock which would have the effect of diluting existing shareholders.
We are at risk that the ENVI-Clean™ system will not perform to expectations.
As at the date of this annual report, the ENVI-Clean™ system has been tested to satisfactory requirements but there is no guarantee that the ENVI-Clean™ system will continue to perform satisfactorily in the future which would damage our prospects following the Assignment.
The market for alternative energy products, technologies or services is emerging and rapidly evolving and its future success is uncertain. Insufficient demand for the ENVI-Clean™ system would prevent us from achieving or sustaining profitability.
It is possible that we may spend large sums of money to bring the ENVI-Clean™ system to the market, but demand may not develop or may develop more slowly than we anticipate.
Our future success is dependent on EnviroTechnologies and its technologies in regards to:
(a) its ability to quickly react to technological innovations;
(b) the cost-effectiveness of its technologies;
(c) the performance and reliability of alternative energy products and services that it develops;
(d) its ability to formalize marketing relationships or secure commitments for our technologies, products and services;
(e) realization of sufficient funding to support our and EnviroTechnologies marketing and business development plans; and
(f) availability of government incentives for the development or use of any products and services that we or EnviroTechnologies develop.
We may be unable to develop widespread commercial markets or obtain sufficient demand or broad acceptance for the EnviroTechnologies alternative energy products or technologies or services. We may be unable to achieve or sustain profitability.
Competition within the environment sustainability industry may prevent us from becoming profitable.
The alternative energies industry is competitive and fragmented and includes numerous small companies capable of competing effectively in the market we target as well as several large companies that possess substantially greater financial and other resources than we do. Larger competitors' greater resources could allow those competitors to compete more effectively than we can with the EnviroTechnologies technology. A number of competitors have developed more mature businesses than EnviroTechnologies has and have successfully built their names in the international alternative energy markets. These various competitors may be able to offer products, sustainability technologies or services more competitively priced and more widely available than EnviroTechnologies and also may have greater resources to create or develop new technologies and products than EnviroTechnologies. Failure to compete either in the alternative energy industry may prevent us from becoming profitable, and thus you may lose your entire investment.
We are at risk of EnviroTechnologies not being able to manufacture the ENVI-Clean™ system in accordance with contractual terms.
All contracts which we secure for the sale of ENVI-Clean™ system between EnviroTechnologies and a third party will require that EnviroTechnologies supplies a functioning emission control system. There is a risk that EnviroTechnologies is unable to manufacture and supply such a system in accordance with the terms of the contract. Any failure by EnviroTechnologies to perform its obligations under any such contract may have a detrimental impact on our financial standing and reputation.
Risks Related to our Stockholders and Shares of Common Stock
The continued sale of our equity securities will dilute the ownership percentage of our existing stockholders and may decrease the market price for our common stock.
Given our lack of revenues and the doubtful prospect that we will earn significant revenues in the next several years, we will require additional financing of at least $770,000 for the next 12 months, which will require us to issue additional equity securities as we only had $382,167 cash on hand as of March 31, 2017. We expect to continue our efforts to acquire financing to fund our planned development and expansion activities, which will result in dilution to our existing stockholders. In short, our continued need to sell equity will result in reduced percentage ownership interests for all of our investors, which may decrease the market price for our common stock.
We do not intend to pay dividends and there will thus be fewer ways in which you are able to make a gain on your investment.
We have never paid dividends and do not intend to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. To the extent that we may require additional funding currently not provided for in our financing plan, our funding sources may prohibit the declaration of dividends. Because we do not intend to pay dividends, any gain on your investment will need to result from an appreciation in the price of our common stock. There will therefore be fewer ways in which you are able to make a gain on your investment. In the future when we do intend to pay dividend, we will formalize a dividend policy.
Because the SEC imposes additional sales practice requirements on brokers who deal in shares of penny stocks, some brokers may be unwilling to trade our securities. This means that you may have difficulty reselling your shares, which may cause the value of your investment to decline.
Our shares are classified as penny stocks and are covered by Section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) which imposes additional sales practice requirements on brokers-dealers who sell our securities in this offering or in the aftermarket. For sales of our securities, broker-dealers must make a special suitability determination and receive a written agreement prior from you to making a sale on your behalf. Because of the imposition of the foregoing additional sales practices, it is possible that broker-dealers will not want to make a market in our common stock. This could prevent you from reselling your shares and may cause the value of your investment to decline.
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) sales practice requirements may limit your ability to buy and sell our common stock, which could depress the price of our shares.
FINRA rules require broker-dealers to have reasonable grounds for believing that an investment is suitable for a customer before recommending that investment to the customer. Prior to recommending speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status and investment objectives, among other things. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability such speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. Thus, FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our shares, have an adverse effect on the market for our shares, and thereby depress our share price.
We are an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act of 2012, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
We will remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, although we will lose that status sooner if our revenues exceed $1 billion, if we issue more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in a three year period, or if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any May 30.
Our status as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act of 2012 may make it more difficult to raise capital as and when we need it.
Because of the exemptions from various reporting requirements provided to us as an “emerging growth company” we may be less attractive to investors and it may be difficult for us to raise additional capital as and when we need it. Investors may be unable to compare our business with other companies in our industry if they believe that our reporting is not as transparent as other companies in our industry. If we are unable to raise additional capital as and when we need it, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
Item 1B.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
As a “smaller reporting company”, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
Item 2.
Item 2. Properties
Our registered business address for correspondence is 5205 Prospect Road, Suite 135-226, San Jose, CA 95129. We pay rent of $200 per month for our business office space. Our telephone number is (408) 538-3373.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Except for below, we know of no material, existing or pending legal proceedings against our company, nor are we involved as a plaintiff in any material proceeding or pending litigation. There are no proceedings in which any of our directors, officers or affiliates, or any registered beneficial shareholder, is an adverse party or has a material interest adverse to our interest.
On November 14, 2013, a shareholder holding one common share in our company (the “Plaintiff”) commenced an action against us, as a nominal defendant, and PGG for recovery of short-swing profits (the “Action”) under section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Section 16(b)”). The Plaintiff alleges that PGG, a shareholder of our company of more than ten percent, profited from the purchase and sale of our stock within a period of less than six months.
PGG disposed of:
1. 37,778 shares of common stock at $4.00 per share on July 22, 2013;
2. 62,600 shares of common stock at $3.00 per share on August 9, 2013;
3. 16,000 shares of common stock at $4.00 per share on September 17, 2013; and
4. 210,834 shares of common stock at $3.00 per share on September 24, 2013
On August 27, 2013, PGG acquired 2,237,929 shares at a deemed value of $0.001, being our common share par value, pursuant to a share exchange with shareholders of EnviroTechnologies. The Action states that, pursuant to Section 16(b), the alleged total short-swing profit is $1,035,086.79 and must be disgorged to our company.
As our company declined to pursue a claim against PGG under Section 16(b), the Action was brought on behalf of our company by the Plaintiff. This action was commenced in the United States District Court in the Southern District of New York. On January 12, 2016 a Settlement Agreement was reached between the parties that requires PGG to pay PGT and further, PGT to pay the Plaintiff’s counsel $325,000 in tranches of $150,000 within 60 days of the agreement being fully executed, $50,000 within 120 days of the settlement and $125,000 within 7 months of the settlement. On August 18, 2016 the US District Court, Southern District of New York dismissed the action upon notification by the plaintiff's counsel that the final payment had been made.
Item 4.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common shares are quoted on the OTCQB under the symbol “PGTK”, but trade infrequently. Our common shares are not currently listed on the NASDAQ.
The high and low bid prices of our common stock for the periods indicated below are as follows:
1. Over-the-counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission, and may not represent actual transactions. Our shares did not begin trading until June 14, 2012. Our transfer agent is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11219; telephone number (718) 921-8200; facsimile number (718) 765-8711.
As of August 9, 2017, there were 199 holders of record of our common stock. As of such date, 26,830,763 of our common stock were issued and outstanding.
Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends to date and do not anticipate or contemplate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. It is the present intention of management to utilize all available funds for the development of our business.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
Effective December 18, 2012, we entered into a non-executive director agreement with Dr. Neil Carmichael, wherein Dr. Carmichael was granted options to purchase up to 62,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share of common stock. Those options expired unexercised.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities
On May 4, 2015, we issued 1,058,317 shares of common stock with a fair value of $1,068,900 pursuant to a settlement agreement for the extinguishment of $200,000 in principal, $18,888 in accrued interest, and the $1,012,876 derivative liability relating to the May 27, 2014 convertible debenture. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of our company’s common stock. This transaction resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $162,864.
On May 13, 2015, we issued 459,418 shares of common stock with a fair value of $537,519 pursuant to a settlement agreement for the extinguishment of $100,000 in principal, $7,795 in accrued interest, and the $438,361 derivative liability relating to the June 12, 2014 convertible debenture. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of our company’s common stock. This transaction resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $8,637.
On August 10, 2015, we issued 50,000 shares of common stock to a company controlled by a director of our company relating to a non-brokered private placement on May 20, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $25,000. In consideration for the share subscription, our company granted the subscriber an option to purchase a minimum of $93,750 to a maximum of $125,000 of shares of common stock. The option vests upon our company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system (the "Option Event") and must be exercised within 28 days of the Option Event. The option expires on May 20, 2017 and is exercisable at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of our company’s common stock for the 10 trading days prior to the Option Event and the 10 trading days after the Option Event. The exercise price shall not be less than $1.00 per share and not greater than $2.50 per share. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement.
On August 10, 2015, we issued 550,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement on May 26, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $275,000. In consideration for the share subscription, our company granted the subscriber an option to purchase a minimum of $1,031,250 to a maximum of $1,375,000 of shares of common stock. The option vests upon our company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system and must be exercised within 28 days of the Option Event. The option expires on May 22, 2017 and is exercisable at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of our company’s common stock for the 10 trading days prior to the Option Event and the 10 trading days post the Option Event. The exercise price shall not be less than $1.00 per share and not greater than $2.50 per share. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement.
On August 10, 2015, we issued 100,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement on June 6, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $50,000. In consideration for the share subscription, our company granted the subscriber an option to purchase an additional $250,000 of shares of common stock at $1.50 per share, expiring on June 6, 2017. The option vests upon our company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system and must be exercised within 21 days of the Option Event. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement.
On August 10, 2015, we issued 600,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement on June 10, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $300,000. In consideration for the share subscription, our company granted the subscriber an option to purchase an additional $1,500,000 of shares of common stock at $1.50 per share, expiring on June 6, 2017. The option vests upon our company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system and must be exercised within 21 days of the Option Event. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement.
On October 2, 2015, we issued 960,017 shares of common stock with a fair value of $3,840,068 (included in common stock issuable as at March 31, 2015) in a share exchange agreement with the shareholders of Enviro for the acquisition of 9,600,167 shares of common stock which were subsequently returned to Enviro pursuant to the Assignment of Assets agreement dated May 15, 2013.
On September 22, 2015, our company entered into a consulting agreement (the “Agreement”) with Midam Ventures, LLC (“Midam”) wherein Midam will provide investor relations and business advisory services to us from September 23, 2015 to March 23, 2016. Any compensation described in the Agreement shall be deemed earned and vested by Midam even in the case of early termination of the Agreement.
Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, we will to pay $30,000 in cash and 200,000 common restricted shares of our company to Midam. Effective October 20, 2015, we issued all of the shares pursuant to an exemption from registration relying on the provisions of Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
On November 10, 2015, we issued a convertible note (the “Note”) to Tangiers Investment Group, LLC (“Tangiers”) in exchange for an aggregate of $100,000 from Tangiers. The Note is for the aggregate sum of $110,000 with 10% interest as an original issue discount and convertible into our common shares of (the “Shares”) at a price of equal to the lower of: (a) $.40 per common share of our company or (b) 60% of the lowest trading price of our common stock during the 20 consecutive trading days prior to the date on which the holder of the Note elects to convert all or part of the Note.
On December 11, 2015, we issued 433,333 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $0.75 per share for proceeds of $325,000.
On December 15, 2015, we issued 200,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $0.75 per share for proceeds of $150,000.
On February 10, 2016, our company entered into share exchange agreements (each, an “Agreement”) with certain shareholders (the “Shareholder”) of EnviroTechnologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Enviro”). Pursuant to the terms of the Agreements, we have agreed to acquire 21,721,414 issued and outstanding common shares of Enviro from the Shareholder in exchange for shares of common stock of our company on an one (1) for ten (10) basis. We did not issue any fractional shares of our company. In lieu of such fractional shares, the Shareholder entitled to such fractional shares had such fraction rounded up to the nearest whole number of shares of our company.
On February 10, 2016, pursuant to the Agreements, we closed on the above share exchange. We issued an aggregate of 2,172,142 unregistered and restricted common shares to three (3) non-US persons (as that term is defined in Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933), in an offshore transaction relying on Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
As at March 31, 2016, we had $150,000 of share subscription proceeds for 150,000 shares of common stock at $1.00 per share recorded in common stock issuable to a company controlled by a director of our company.
On April 30, 2016, the Company issued 246,667 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $370,000.
On May 19, 2016, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock to a director of the Company relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.00 per share for proceeds of $150,000, which was recorded as common stock issuable as at March 31, 2016.
On May 21, 2016, the Company issued 97,334 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $146,000.
On May 24, 2016, the Company issued 161,667 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $242,500.
On July 12, 2016, the Company issued 98,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $147,000.
On July 14, 2016, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $75,000.
On September 12, 2016, the Company issued 33,333 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $50,000.
On October 27, 2016, the Company issued 85,714 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.75 per share for proceeds of $150,000.
On December 21, 2016, the Company issued 11,765 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.70 per share for proceeds of $20,000.
On December 22, 2016, the Company issued 265,296 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.70 per share for proceeds of $451,003.
On December 23, 2016, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $1,500,000.
On December 31, 2016, the Company issued 1,000,000 units relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per unit for proceeds of $1,000,000. Each unit consists of one share of common stock, one share purchase warrant exercisable at $1.50 per share for a term of one year, and one share purchase warrant exercisable at $1.50 per share for a term of two years.
On February 20, 2017, the Company issued 29,412 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.70 per share for proceeds of $50,000.
On February 22, 2017, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $70,000 pursuant to a conversion of $20,000 in principal and $53,141 in derivative liability relating to the November 10, 2015 convertible debenture. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock. This transaction resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $3,141.
On March 9, 2017, the Company issued 146,667 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $220,001 to a significant shareholder of the Company.
On March 27, 2017, the Company issued 100,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $150,000.
As at March 31, 2017, the Company had $50,000 of share subscription proceeds for 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.50 per share recorded in common stock issuable. Those shares were issued on June 1, 2017.
Item 6.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
As a “smaller reporting company”, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
Item 7.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes for the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 that appear elsewhere in this annual report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to those discussed below and elsewhere in this annual report, particularly in the section entitled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 19 of this annual report.
Our audited consolidated financial statements are stated in United States Dollars and are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.
Results of Operations
The following summary of our results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements for the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.
Our operating expenses for the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows:
Expenses for the year ended March 31, 2017 were $2,735,154 as compared to $4,480,495 for the year ended March 31, 2016. Consulting fees were comprised of fees paid to third parties for business development efforts as well as amounts paid to the directors of Pacific Green Technologies Inc. and subsidiaries; professional fees were comprised of legal, audit and accounting costs. Significant increases related to advertising, research and development and travel as the Company’s been developing its sales network and working on projects in China and Africa. Significant decreases were realized in consulting fees as last year included significant non-cash transactions that were recorded as consulting fees.
For the year ended March 31, 2017, our company had a net loss of $3,352,548 ($0.14 per share) compared to a net loss of $7,446,232 ($0.38 per share) for the year ended March 31, 2016. In addition to the operating expenses noted above, for the year ended March 31, 2017, our company had $1,191,324 (2016 - $1,246,422) in interest expense, $570,789 in gain on the change in fair value of derivative liabilities (2016 - loss $1,770,154), and a loss of $nil (2016 - $126,782) from impairment of goodwill.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Working Capital
Cash Flows
As of March 31, 2017, we had $382,167 in cash, $443,938 in total current assets, $10,506,653 in total current liabilities and a working capital deficit of $10,062,715 compared to a working capital deficit of $11,164,685 at March 31, 2016.
We spent $2,128,601 on operating activities during the year ended March 31, 2017 and $1,101,335 on operating activities during the year ended March 31, 2016. The increase in our expenditures on operating activities during the year ended March 31, 2017 was primarily due to increases in research and development expenditures and travel.
During the year ended March 31, 2017, we received $3,862,713 from financing activities, which consisted of $4,621,503 in proceeds from the issuance of our common shares and less $758,790 in repayments of loans and amounts due to related parties. During the year ended March 31, 2016, we received $1,035,004 from financing activities, which consisted of $100,000 in proceeds from convertible debentures, $1,275,000 proceeds from the issuance of our common shares and $19,804 in advances from related parties offset by a $359,800 repayment to related parties.
During the year ended March 31, 2017, we used $1,331,909 in investing activities, which primarily consists of costs incurred in the construction of an ENVI-Marine scrubber unit. During the year ended March 31, 2016, we received $50,064 from investing activities, which consisted of $50,064 from cash acquired on acquisition of our subsidiary.
We will require additional funds to fund our budgeted expenses over the next 12 months. These funds may be raised through, equity financing, debt financing, or other sources, which may result in further dilution in the equity ownership of our shares.
We anticipate that our cash expenses over the next 12 months will be approximately $2,045,000 as described in the table below. These estimates may change significantly depending on the nature of our business activities and our ability to raise capital from our shareholders or other sources.
Our general and administrative expenses for the year will consist primarily of transfer agent fees, bank and interest charges and general office expenses. The professional fees are related to our regulatory filings throughout the year and include legal, accounting and auditing fees.
Based on our planned expenditures, we will require approximately $2,000,000 to proceed with our business plan over the next 12 months. As of March 31, 2017, we had $382,167 cash on hand. If we secure less than the full amount of financing that we require, we will not be able to carry out our complete business plan and we will be forced to proceed with a scaled back business plan based on our available financial resources.
We intend to raise the balance of our cash requirements for the next 12 months from private placements, shareholder loans or possibly a registered public offering (either self-underwritten or through a broker-dealer). If we are unsuccessful in raising enough money through such efforts, we may review other financing possibilities such as bank loans. At this time we do not have a commitment from any broker-dealer to provide us with financing. There is no assurance that any financing will be available to us or if available, on terms that will be acceptable to us.
Even though we plan to raise capital through equity or debt financing, we believe that the latter may not be a viable alternative for funding our operations as we do not have sufficient tangible assets to secure any such financing. We anticipate that any additional funding will be in the form of equity financing from the sale of our common stock. However, we do not have any financing arranged and we cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to raise sufficient funds from the sale of our common stock to finance our operations. In the absence of such financing, we may be forced to abandon our business plan.
Going Concern
Our financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2017 have been prepared on a going concern basis and contain an additional explanatory paragraph which identifies issues that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
We have generated no revenues, have achieved losses since our inception, and rely upon the sale of our common stock and proceeds from shareholder loans to fund our operations. If we are unable to raise equity or secure alternative financing, we may not be able to continue our operations and our business plan may fail.
If our operations and cash flow improve, management believes that we can continue to operate. However, no assurance can be given that management's actions will result in profitable operations or an improvement in our liquidity situation. The threat of our ability to continue as a going concern will cease to exist only when our revenues have reached a level able to sustain our business operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to stockholders.
Contractual Obligations
As a “smaller reporting company”, we are not required to provide tabular disclosure obligations.
Critical Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Our company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to the useful life and recoverability of intangible assets, valuation of note payable, fair value of convertible debentures, fair value of derivative liabilities, fair value of stock-based compensation, impairment of goodwill, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. Our company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by our company may differ materially and adversely from our company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and are comprised of patents. The patents are amortized straight-line over the estimated useful life of 17 years and reviewed annually for impairment.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
Our company reviews long-lived assets such as property and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset.
Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1
Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2
Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.
Level 3
Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Our company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, amounts receivable, amounts due from and to related parties, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, loan payable, convertible debentures, and note payable. With the exception of long-term note payable, the recorded values of all other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations.
The following table represents assets and liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value as of March 31, 2017, on a recurring basis:
During the year ended March 31, 2017, our company recognized a gain on change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $570,789 (2016 - loss $1,770,154).
Stock-based compensation
Our company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”, using the fair value method. All transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable.
Our company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. This model is affected by our company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of subjective variables. These subjective variables include, but are not limited to our company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, and actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense in the consolidated statement of operations over the requisite service period.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Our company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its consolidated financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
Item 7A.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a “smaller reporting company”, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
Item 8.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Consolidated Financial Statements
March 31, 2017
(Expressed in US dollars)
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Pacific Green Technologies Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Pacific Green Technologies Inc. (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2017 and 2016 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has not generated any revenues, has a working capital deficit, and has incurred operating losses since inception. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ SATURNA GROUP CHARTERED PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS LLP
Saturna Group Chartered Professional Accountants LLP
Vancouver, Canada
August 10, 2017
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements)
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements)
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements)
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements)
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
1. Nature of Operations and Continuance of Business
Pacific Green Technologies Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware on March 10, 1994, under the name of Beta Acquisition Corp. In September 1995, the Company changed its name to In-Sports International, Inc. In August 2002, the Company changed its name to ECash, Inc. On June 13, 2012, the Company changed its name to Pacific Green Technologies Inc. The Company is in the business of acquiring, developing, and marketing emission control technologies.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which implies the Company will continue to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders and note holders, the ability of the Company to obtain necessary equity financing to continue operations, and ultimately the attainment of profitable operations. As at March 31, 2017, the Company has not generated any revenues, has a working capital deficit of $10,062,715, and has an accumulated deficit of $63,483,342 since inception. These factors raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
(a)Basis of Presentation
These consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and are expressed in U.S. dollars. These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the following entities:
Pacific Green Technologies Marine Limited (“PGTML”)
Wholly-owned subsidiary
Pacific Green Technologies International Limited (“PGTIL”)
Wholly-owned subsidiary
Energy Park Sutton Bridge Ltd. (“EPSB”)
Wholly-owned subsidiary of PGTIL
Pacific Green Technologies Asia Limited ("PGTA")
Wholly-owned subsidiary of PGTIL
Pacific Green Technologies China Limited ("PGTC")
Wholly-owned subsidiary of PGTA
All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.
(b)Use of Estimates
The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to the useful life and recoverability of property and equipment, and intangible assets, valuation of loan and note payable, fair value of convertible debentures and derivative liabilities, fair value of stock-based compensation, impairment of goodwill, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.
(c)Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents.
(d)Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation is recorded at the following annual rates:
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(e)Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and are comprised of patents. The patents are amortized straight-line over the estimated useful life of 17 years and reviewed annually for impairment.
(f)Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets such as property and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset.
(g)Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
Level
Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level
Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.
Level
Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, amounts receivable, amounts due from and to related parties, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, loan payable, convertible debentures, and note payable. With the exception of long-term note payable, the recorded values of all other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations.
The following table represents assets and liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value as of March 31, 2017, on a recurring basis:
During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company recognized a gain on the change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $570,789 (2016 - loss of $1,770,154).
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
2.Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(g)Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. The asset and liability method provides that deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized.
The Company has not recorded any amounts pertaining to uncertain tax positions.
(h)Foreign Currency Translation
The Company’s functional and reporting currency is the United States dollar. The functional currencies of PGTML, PGTIL, and EPSB are in UK pound sterling. The functional currencies of PGTA and PGTC are the United States dollar. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary assets, liabilities and items recorded in income arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated at rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of income.
The accounts of PGTML, PGTIL, and ESPB are translated to United States dollars using the current rate method. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars at the period-end exchange rate while revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the period. Related exchange gains and losses are included in a separate component of stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
(i)Stock-based compensation
The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”, using the fair value method. All transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. This model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of subjective variables. These subjective variables include, but are not limited to the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, and actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense in the consolidated statement of operations over the requisite service period.
(j)Research and Development
Research and development costs are charged as operating expenses as incurred.
(k)Loss Per Share
The Company computes net income (loss) per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. ASC 260 requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) on the face of the consolidated statement of operations. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. As at March 31, 2017, the Company had 4,327,279 (2016 - 4,195,201) potentially dilutive shares outstanding.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
2.Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(l)Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss consists of net loss and other related gains and losses affecting stockholders’ equity that are excluded from net income or loss. As at March 31, 2017 and 2016, comprehensive loss includes cumulative translation adjustments for changes in foreign currency exchange rates during the period.
(m)Reclassifications
Certain of the figures presented for comparative purposes have been reclassified to conform to the presentation adopted in the current period.
(n)Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its consolidated financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
3. Acquisition of Pacific Green Technologies Asia Limited and Pacific Green Technologies China Limited
On June 30, 2015, PGTIL entered into a share purchase agreement whereby the Company acquired 100 common shares of PGTA, representing 100% of the issued and outstanding shares, for consideration of $1. This formalized the Company’s structure of corporate entities for conducting business in Asian markets. PGTA is the sole shareholder of PGTC.
In accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations”, the purchase agreement was deemed a business combination for accounting purposes. At the date of acquisition, the fair values of the assets and liabilities of PGTA and its wholly owned subsidiary PGTC consisted of the following:
As PGTA and PGTC were dependent on the Company for funding prior to acquisition and were at non-arms' length with the Company, the Company recorded an impairment of goodwill of $126,782 as a cost of acquisition.
4. Property and Equipment
As at March 31, 2017, the Company has not recorded depreciation on the scrubber system as it is still being manufactured and has not been placed in use.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
5. Intangible Assets
On May 17, 2013, the Company entered into an Assignment of Assets agreement with EnviroTechnologies, Inc. (“Enviro”), a company with a common significant shareholder who has a significant influence on the operations of both companies. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company acquired various patents and technical information related to the manufacture of a wet scrubber for removing sulphur, other pollutants, and the particulate matter from diesel engine exhaust. In exchange for these assets, the Company waived all obligations owing to the Company as well as agreed to return a total of 88,876,443 of Enviro’s shares back to Enviro. The obligations waived consisted of $237,156 owing to the Company as well as $93,721 of debt owing to Pacific Green Group Limited (“PGG”), a company controlled by a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company’s operations, which was assigned to the Company. The Company entered into share exchange agreements with Enviro shareholders pursuant to which it issued shares of its common stock in exchange for shares of Enviro on a one-for-ten basis. The intangible assets acquired were recorded at cost and is being amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 17 years.
6. Loan Payable
As at March 31, 2016, PGTIL, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, owes $361,931 (£289,144) (2016 - $625,574 (£435,000)) to a significant shareholder of the Company, which bears interest at 6.5% per annum, is unsecured, and is due on demand.
7. Convertible Debentures
(a)On May 27, 2014, the Company entered into a $200,000 convertible debenture with a non-related party. Under the terms of the debenture, the amount is unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, and is due on May 27, 2015. Pursuant to the agreement, should any portion of the loan remain outstanding past maturity, the interest rate will increase to 15% per annum. The note is convertible into shares of common stock after 180 days from the date of issuance (November 27, 2014) until maturity at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of the Company’s common stock for the 45 days ending one trading day prior to the date the conversion notice is sent by the holder to the Company.
The Company analyzed the conversion option under ASC 815, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“ASC 815”), and determined that the conversion feature should be classified as a liability and recorded at fair value due to there being no explicit limit to the number of shares to be delivered upon settlement of the conversion option. In accordance with ASC 815, the Company recognized the intrinsic value of the embedded beneficial conversion feature of $33,922. On November 27, 2014, the note became convertible resulting in the Company recording a derivative liability of $33,922 with a corresponding adjustment to loss on change in fair value of derivative liabilities. During year ended March 31, 2017, the Company had amortized $nil (2016 - $12,820) of the debt discount to interest expense. On May 4, 2015, the Company issued 1,058,317 shares of common stock for the conversion of $200,000 of this debenture and $18,888 of accrued interest. Refer to Note 11(r).
(b)On June 12, 2014, the Company entered into a $100,000 convertible debenture with a non-related party. Under the terms of the debenture, the amount is unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, and is due on June 12, 2015. Pursuant to the agreement, should any portion of the loan remain outstanding past maturity, the interest rate will increase to 15% per annum. The note is convertible into shares of common stock after 180 days from the date of issuance (December 12, 2014) until maturity at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of the Company’s common stock for the 45 days ending one trading day prior to the date the conversion notice is sent by the holder to the Company.
The Company analyzed the conversion option under ASC 815, and determined that the conversion feature should be classified as a liability and recorded at fair value due to there being no explicit limit to the number of shares to be delivered upon settlement of the conversion option. In accordance with ASC 815, the Company recognized the intrinsic value of the embedded beneficial conversion feature of $9,793. On December 12, 2014, the note became convertible resulting in the Company recording a derivative liability of $9,793 with a corresponding adjustment to loss on change in fair value of derivative liabilities. During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company had amortized $nil (2016 - $1,637) of the debt discount to interest expense. On May 13, 2015, the Company issued 459,418 shares of common stock for the conversion of $100,000 of this debenture and $7,796 of accrued interest. Refer to Note 11(s).
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
7.Convertible Debentures (continued)
(c)On November 10, 2015, the Company entered into a $110,000 convertible debenture with a non-related party, in exchange for $100,000, net of $10,000 for legal fees which have been deferred and will be amortized over the term of the debenture. Under the terms of the debenture, the amount is unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, and is due on November 10, 2016. The note is convertible into shares of common stock of the Company equal to the lower of: (a) $0.40 or (b) 60% of the lowest trading price of the Company’s common stock during the 20 consecutive trading days prior to the date of conversion. As at March 31, 2017, the Company recorded accrued interest of $17,164 (2016 - $11,000), which has been included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
The Company analyzed the conversion option under ASC 815, and determined that the conversion feature should be classified as a liability and recorded at fair value due to there being no explicit limit to the number of shares to be delivered upon settlement of the conversion option. In accordance with ASC 815, the Company recognized the intrinsic value of the embedded beneficial conversion feature of $110,000. During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company had amortized $105,018 (2016 - $4,982) of the debt discount to interest expense. On February 22, 2017, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock for the conversion of $20,000 of this debenture. Refer to Note 11(n). As at March 31, 2017, the carrying value of the debenture was $90,000 (2016 - $4,982) and the fair value of the derivative liability was $192,286 (2016 - $816,216).
8. Derivative Liabilities
The Company records the fair value of the conversion price of the convertible debentures disclosed in Note 7 in accordance with ASC 815. The fair value of the derivative was calculated using a binomial option pricing model. The fair value of the derivative liabilities are revalued on each balance sheet date with corresponding gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statement of operations. During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded a gain on the change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $570,789 (2016 - loss of $1,770,154). As at March 31, 2017, the Company recorded derivative liabilities of $192,286 (2016 - $816,216).
The following inputs and assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of the beneficial conversion feature of the convertible debentures outstanding during the year ended March 31, 2017, assuming no expected dividends:
The following inputs and assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of the beneficial conversion feature of the convertible debentures outstanding during the year ended March 31, 2016, assuming no expected dividends:
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
8. Derivative Liabilities (continued)
A summary of the activity of the derivative liabilities is shown below:
9.Note Payable
The principal repayments of the note payable are as follows:
On June 14, 2012, the Company entered into an Assignment and Share Transfer Agreement with PGG, a company controlled by a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company’s operations, concerning the assignment of the Representation Agreement entered between PGG and Enviro and the purchase of 100% of the issued and outstanding common shares of PGTML, a subsidiary of PGG, in exchange for an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of common stock as well as a $5,000,000 promissory note.
The note payable will be repaid in instalments of $1,000,000 on the anniversary of the agreement beginning on June 12, 2013 with the income earned under the terms of the Representation Agreement. If the Company is unable to meet the repayment schedule, PGG will have the option to either roll over any unpaid portion to the following payment date or to convert the outstanding amount into shares of the Company’s stock. The note had been discounted at a market rate of 18% to arrive at the net present value of $3,127,171 as at June 12, 2012. The note is unsecured and cannot itself be used by PGG to cause the Company to become insolvent. During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded imputed interest of $900,000 (2016 - $900,000) at a rate of 18% per annum which has been included in additional paid-in capital.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
10.Related Party Transactions
(a)As at March 31, 2017, the Company was owed $nil (2016 - $38,506) from a company controlled by a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company’s operations. The amounts owed are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand.
(b)As at March 31, 2017, the Company was owed $nil (2016 - $11,257) from a former director of the Company. The amount owed is unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand.
(c)As at March 31, 2017, the Company was owed $24,987 (2016 - $984) from a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company’s operations. The amount owed is unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand.
(d)As at March 31, 2017, the Company owed $3,945,833 (2016 - $4,862,555) to a company controlled by a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company’s operations, of which $25,127 was recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The amounts owing are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand. On July 20, 2015, the Company entered into a conversion agreement with the significant shareholder, whereby up to $1,000,000 in outstanding amounts may be converted at a rate of $0.70 per share for a 12 month period between July 20, 2016 and July 20, 2017. The Company determined that the convertible debt contained no embedded beneficial conversion feature as the conversion price was the same as the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance.
(e)As at March 31, 2017, the Company owed $nil (2016 - $38,430) to a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company’s operations. Of this amount, $nil (2016 - $20,765) is unsecured, bears interest at the US Bank Prime Rate plus 4%, and due on demand. The remainder of the amount owing is unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand.
(f)As at March 31, 2017, the Company owed $200,017 (2016 - $124,264) to directors of the Company, of which $10,030 (2016 - $nil) was recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The amounts owing are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand.
(g)During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company incurred $240,000 (2016 - $1,174,164) in consulting fees to a company controlled by a shareholder of the Company who has a significant influence on the Company's operations. Of this amount, $nil (2016 - $934,162) relates to the fair value of nil (2016 - 934,963) share purchase warrants issued in consideration for finder's fees incurred. The share purchase warrants are exercisable at a price of $0.001 per share for a term of two years. Refer to Note 12.
(h)During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company incurred $14,600 (2016 - $17,696) in consulting fees to a company controlled by a director of the Company.
(i)During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company incurred $234,000 (2016 - $173,862) in consulting fees to a director of the Company.
(j)During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company incurred $nil (2016 - $251,577) in consulting fees for stock options vested to an officer and a director of the Company.
11.Common Stock
Common stock issued during the year ended March 31, 2017:
(a)On April 30, 2016, the Company issued 246,667 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $370,000.
(b)On May 19, 2016, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock to a director of the Company relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.00 per share for proceeds of $150,000, which was recorded as common stock issuable as at March 31, 2016.
(c)On May 21, 2016, the Company issued 97,334 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $146,000.
(d)On May 24, 2016, the Company issued 161,667 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $242,500.
(e)On July 12, 2016, the Company issued 98,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $147,000.
(f)On July 14, 2016, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $75,000.
(g)On September 12, 2016, the Company issued 33,333 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $50,000.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
11.Common Stock (continued)
Common stock issued during the year ended March 31, 2017 (continued):
(h)On October 27, 2016, the Company issued 85,714 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.75 per share for proceeds of $150,000.
(i)On December 21, 2016, the Company issued 11,765 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.70 per share for proceeds of $20,000.
(j)On December 22, 2016, the Company issued 265,296 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.70 per share for proceeds of $451,003.
(k)On December 23, 2016, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $1,500,000.
(l)On December 31, 2016, the Company issued 666,667 units relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per unit for proceeds of $1,000,000. Each unit consists of one share of common stock, one share purchase warrant exercisable at $1.50 per share for a term of one year, and one share purchase warrant exercisable at $1.50 per share for a term of two years.
(m)On February 20, 2017, the Company issued 29,412 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.70 per share for proceeds of $50,000.
(n)On February 22, 2017, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $70,000 pursuant to a conversion of $20,000 in principal and $53,141 in derivative liability relating to the November 10, 2015 convertible debenture. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock. This transaction resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $3,141. Refer to Note 7(c).
(o)On March 9, 2017, the Company issued 146,667 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $220,001 to a significant shareholder of the Company.
(p)On March 27, 2017, the Company issued 100,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $150,000.
(q)As at March 31, 2017, the Company had $50,000 of share subscription proceeds for 33,333 shares of common stock at $1.50 per share recorded in common stock issuable. Refer to Note 17(a).
Common stock issued during the year ended March 31, 2016:
(r)On May 4, 2015, the Company issued 1,058,317 shares of common stock with a fair value of $1,068,900 pursuant to a settlement agreement for the extinguishment of $200,000 in principal, $18,888 in accrued interest, and the $1,012,876 derivative liability relating to the May 27, 2014 convertible debenture. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock. This transaction resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $162,864. Refer to Note 7(a).
(s)On May 13, 2015, the Company issued 459,418 shares of common stock with a fair value of $537,519 pursuant to a settlement agreement for the extinguishment of $100,000 in principal, $7,795 in accrued interest, and the $438,361 derivative liability relating to the June 12, 2014 convertible debenture. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock. This transaction resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $8,637. Refer to Note 7(b).
(t)On August 10, 2015, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock to a company controlled by a director of the Company relating to a non-brokered private placement on May 20, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $25,000. In consideration for the share subscription, the Company granted the subscriber an option to purchase a minimum of $93,750 to a maximum of $125,000 of shares of common stock. The option vests upon the Company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system (the "Option Event") and must be exercised within 28 days of the Option Event. The option expires on May 20, 2017 and is exercisable at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of the Company’s common stock for the 10 trading days prior to the Option Event and the 10 trading days after the Option Event. The exercise price shall not be less than $1.00 per share and not greater than $2.50 per share. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement. Refer to Notes 13 and 15(b).
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
11.Common Stock (continued)
Common stock issued during the year ended March 31, 2016 (continued):
(u)On August 10, 2015, the Company issued 550,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement on May 26, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $275,000. In consideration for the share subscription, the Company granted the subscriber an option to purchase a minimum of $1,031,250 to a maximum of $1,375,000 of shares of common stock. The option vests upon the Company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system and must be exercised within 28 days of the Option Event. The option expires on May 22, 2017 and is exercisable at a conversion rate of 75% of the average closing bid prices of the Company’s common stock for the 10 trading days prior to the Option Event and the 10 trading days post the Option Event. The exercise price shall not be less than $1.00 per share and not greater than $2.50 per share. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement. Refer to Notes 13 and 15(b).
(v)On August 10, 2015, the Company issued 100,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement on June 6, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $50,000. In consideration for the share subscription, the Company granted the subscriber an option to purchase an additional $250,000 of shares of common stock at $1.50 per share, expiring on June 6, 2017. The option vests upon the Company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system and must be exercised within 21 days of the Option Event. The option vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement. Refer to Notes 13 and 15(b).
(w)On August 10, 2015, the Company issued 600,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement on June 10, 2015 at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $300,000. In consideration for the share subscription, the Company granted the subscriber an option to purchase an additional $1,500,000 of shares of common stock at $1.50 per share, expiring on June 6, 2017. The option vests upon the Company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system and must be exercised within 21 days of the Option Event. The option vested November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement. Refer to Notes 13 and 15(b).
(x)On October 2, 2015, the Company issued 960,017 shares of common stock with a fair value of $3,840,068 (included in common stock issuable as at March 31, 2015) in a share exchange agreement with the shareholders of Enviro for the acquisition of 9,600,167 shares of common stock which were subsequently returned to Enviro pursuant to the Assignment of Assets agreement dated May 15, 2013. Refer to Note 5.
(y)On October 20, 2015, the Company issued 200,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $102,000 pursuant to a consulting agreement. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock.
(z)On December 11, 2015, the Company issued 433,333 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $0.75 per share for proceeds of $325,000.
(aa)On December 15, 2015, the Company issued 200,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $0.75 per share for proceeds of $150,000.
(bb)On February 10, 2016, the Company issued 1,257,113 shares of common stock with a fair value of $5,028,455 (included in common stock issuable as at March 31, 2015) in a share exchange agreement with the shareholders of Enviro for the acquisition of 12,571,165 shares of common stock which were subsequently returned to Enviro pursuant to the Assignment of Assets agreement dated May 14, 2013. Refer to Note 5.
(cc)On February 10, 2016, the Company issued 915,029 shares of common stock with a fair value of $915,028 to a various consultants for consulting services. The fair value of the common stock was determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock.
(dd)As at March 31, 2016, the Company received $150,000 of share subscription proceeds for the issuance of 150,000 shares of common stock at $1.00 per share to a company controlled by a director of the Company. Refer to Note 11(b). The amount has been recorded as common stock issuable.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
12.Share Purchase Warrants
As at March 31, 2017, the following share purchase warrants were outstanding:
On January 8, 2016, the Company issued 934,963 share purchase warrants with a fair value of $934,162 to a company controlled by a director of the Company for consulting services. Each warrant is convertible into one common share of the Company at an exercise price of $0.001 per share expiring on January 8, 2018. Refer to Note 10(g).
The fair value for share purchase warrants issued as finder’s fees incurred have been estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted average assumptions:
13.Stock Options
The following table summarizes the continuity of stock options:
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
13.Stock Options (continued)
Additional information regarding stock options outstanding as at March 31, 2017 is as follows:
The fair value of stock options granted to the directors and officers have been estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model assuming no expected dividends or forfeitures and the following weighted average assumptions:
The fair value for 2,666,667 stock options granted to the investors vest upon the Company entering into a binding agreement for the sale or license of its ENVI-Clean or ENVI-Pure emission control technology system (the "Option Event"). The options vested on November 17, 2015 when the Company entered into a commercial joint venture agreement and have been estimated using the binomial option pricing model assuming no expected dividends and the following inputs and assumptions:
The fair value of stock options vested during the year ended March 31, 2017 was $nil (2016 - $251,577), which was recorded as additional paid-in capital and charged to operations. The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the year ended March 31, 2017 was $nil (2016 - $0.08) per option.
14.Segmented Information
The Company is located and operates in the US and its subsidiaries are primarily located and operating in the United Kingdom and China. The Company's scrubber system is located in China while all other non-current assets are located in the US.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
15.Commitments
(a)On May 1, 2010, the Company entered into consulting agreements with Sichel Limited (“Sichel”), the parent company of PGG. Sichel will assist the Company in developing commercial agreements for green technology and the building of an international distribution centre. Effective December 31, 2013, this consulting agreement was assigned to Pacific Green Development Ltd. The agreement shall continue for four years with consideration as follows:
i)Stock consideration to PGG or to any third party as directed by PGG of 5,000 ordinary shares of common stock of the Company upon signing of the agreement, which have been waived by PGG;
ii)Monthly consultancy fees of $20,000 are to be paid within fourteen days of each month-end. If the Company is unable to pay this fee, then PGG has the option to elect to be paid 5,000 shares of common stock of the Company in lieu of cash;
iii)Sales commission of 10% of sales value excluding shipping and local sales taxes; and
iv)Finance commission of 10% of net proceeds of any funds raised by way of issued of stock, debt or convertible note after any brokers commission as introduced by PGG.
(b)On November 17, 2015, PGTC entered into a commercial joint venture agreement (the “Agreement”) with a non-related party (the "Supplier") wherein the Supplier would receive and process orders, manufacture, and install products for the Company's customers. In return, the Company agreed to design the product and provide a technology license and technical support (the "Technology") to the Supplier. During the term of the Agreement, the Company will provide the Supplier with a non-transferrable right and license to use the Technology to manufacture and install the product within the Peoples’ Republic of China.
Upon receiving each order from the Company, the Supplier and the Company shall submit to each other the respective estimated budgets. For each project, after receipt of the revenue from the relevant customer, the expenses of the Company and the Supplier shall be deducted and reimbursed from the revenue proportionally. The parties have agreed to share the gross profits at an even split of 50% each.
(c)On August 4, 2016, the Company entered into a three year lease agreement commencing November 15, 2016. The minimum lease payments over the remaining term of the lease are as follows:
(d)On September 22, 2016, PGTC entered into a one year research and development agreement with a non-related party to conduct testing on the scrubber system after it is installed and accepted by a customer of the non-related party in Yancheng, China. Pursuant to the agreement, PGTC will pay $160,198 (RMB1,050,000) to the non-related party on each of the three and six month anniversaries from the date of acceptance of the system.
(e)On November 19, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with a non-related party for professional engineering and design services for the Company’s emission control systems. Pursuant to the agreement the Company shall pay $31,500 to the consultant on or before December 31, 2016, and a cash bonus of $20,000 to the Professional Chief Engineer of the consultant for the successful performance of the high sulphur test conducted at the joint venture project delivered by the Company and the non-related party.
(f)On January 1, 2017, PGTC entered into a one year tooling development agreement with a non-related party to begin tooling for pending projects in advance of orders to facilitate shorter delivery times. Pursuant to the agreement, PGTC will pay $160,198 (RBM1,050,000), on the one year anniversary of the acceptance of the system.
(g)On January 1, 2017, PGTC entered into a nine month sales and marketing agreement with a non-related party to conduct sales and marketing services for the scrubber system in China. Pursuant to the agreement, PGTC will pay $160,198 (RBM1,050,000), on the nine month anniversary of the acceptance of the system.
(h)On January 10, 2017, PGTI and PGTML entered into a Products and Services Purchase Agreement with a non-related party to purchase all the components required to complete a flue gas desulphurization system in consideration for a total purchase price of $1,083,000 (RMB7,506,568). Pursuant to the agreement, 30% of the purchase price is payable upon execution of the agreement (paid), 20% upon final inspection (paid), 40% upon delivery (paid), and 10% within 14 days following installation and commissioning (paid).
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Years Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
16.Income Taxes
The following table reconciles the income tax benefit at the statutory rates to income tax benefit at the Company’s effective tax rate.
Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting processes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities at March 31, 2017 and 2016 are comprised of the following:
The Company has net operating losses carried forward of $24,163,065 which may be carried forward to apply against future years’ taxable income, subject to the final determination by taxation authorities, expiring in the following years:
As at March 31, 2017, the Company is in arrears on filing its statutory corporate income tax returns and the amounts presented above are based on estimates. The actual losses available could differ from these estimates.
17. Subsequent Events
(a)On June 1, 2017, the Company issued 33,333 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $1.50 per share for proceeds of $50,000, which was recorded as common stock issuable as at March 31, 2017.
(b)On June 1, 2017, the Company issued 500,000 shares of common stock relating to a non-brokered private placement at a price of $0.80 per share for proceeds of $400,000.
(c)Subsequent to March 31, 2017, the Company received share subscription proceeds of $1,320,000.
Item 9A.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our president (our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our president (our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, and in light of the material weaknesses found in our internal controls over financial reporting, our president (our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our president (our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer), our company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2016 using the criteria established in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO").
A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. In its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017, our company determined that there were control deficiencies that constituted material weaknesses, as described below.
● We do not have an Audit Committee - While not being legally obligated to have an audit committee, it is the management’s view that such a committee, including a financial expert member, is an utmost important entity level control over our company’s financial statements. Currently the board of directors acts in the capacity of the audit committee, and does not include a member that is considered to be independent of management to provide the necessary oversight over management’s activities.
● We did not maintain appropriate cash controls - As of March 31, 2017, our company has not maintained sufficient internal controls over financial reporting for the cash process, including failure to segregate cash handling and accounting functions, and did not require dual signature on our company’s bank accounts.
● We did not implement appropriate information technology controls - As at March 31, 2017, our company retains copies of all financial data and material agreements; however there is no formal procedure or evidence of normal backup of our company’s data or off-site storage of the data in the event of theft, misplacement, or loss due to unmitigated factors.
Accordingly, our company concluded that these control deficiencies resulted in a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by our company’s internal controls.
As a result of the material weaknesses described above, management has concluded that our company did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017 based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with our evaluation we conducted of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017, that occurred during our fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of our company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit our company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
Continuing Remediation Efforts to address deficiencies in Company’s Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Once our company is engaged in a business of merit and has sufficient personnel available, then our board of directors, in particular and in connection with the aforementioned deficiencies, will establish the following remediation measures:
● We will attempt to increase the amount of members on our board of directors and nominate an audit committee or a financial expert in the next fiscal year, 2017- 2018.
● We will appoint additional personnel to assist with the preparation of our company’s monthly financial reporting, including preparation of the monthly bank reconciliations.
Item 9B.
Item 9B. Other Information
On August 31, 2013, Neil Carmichael consented to and was appointed as president, treasurer and secretary of our company.
Effective October 1, 2013, Dr. Andrew Jolly was appointed as a director of our company.
Effective July 20, 2016, Alexander Shead was appointed as a director of our company.
Effective May 8, 2017, Scott Poulter was appointed as an executive director of our company.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The following individuals serve as the directors and executive officers of our company as of the date of this annual report. All directors of our company hold office until the next annual meeting of our shareholders or until their successors have been elected and qualified. The executive officers of our company are appointed by our board of directors and hold office until their death, resignation or removal from office.
Business Experience
The following is a brief account of the education and business experience during at least the past five years of our directors and executive officer, indicating their principal occupation during that period, and the name and principal business of the organization in which such occupation and employment were carried out.
Neil Carmichael - President, Treasurer, Secretary and Director
Dr. Neil Carmichael was appointed as a director of our company on December 18, 2012 and as our president, treasurer and secretary on August 31, 2013. Dr. Carmichael holds a Mathematics BSc from University of Edinburgh and a Mathematics PhD from University of Warwick. Dr. Carmichael has over 25 years' energy sector management experience including international business development, strategy formulation and implementation and procurement accountabilities. From 1980-85 Dr. Carmichael worked in scientific and engineering consultancy, initially with Scicon (part of BP group) on non-linear optimization, then with Intercomp on mathematics for petroleum engineering and reservoir simulators. In 1985 he joined Shell in its reservoir engineering research unit. This was followed by positions in petroleum engineering, field development; followed by management roles in business development, personnel, information technology and procurement. This required working in a range of countries, from Peru to Bangladesh. In 2006 to 2010 he was chief executive officer of Shell Business Development Central Asia, based in Astana, Kazakhstan and responsible for Shell's new business activities in Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan. Dr. Carmichael was also the Shell representative in Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan. Since 2010 he has been working on two upstream, exploration focused, startups, one in Ukraine and the other in Pakistan. Dr. Carmichael has most recently held the position of general manager and country representative in Central Asia with Shell Exploration and Production. Dr. Carmichael has a wide range of technical, country and management experiences; mostly focused on oil and gas, much of it applicable in other domains.
Alexander Shead - age 55, Director
Alexander Shead, age 55, is a British, Australian and Swiss national. In 1993, Mr. Shead co-founded Stuart Alexander in the UK, an insurance advisory business which was sold to AXA UK. In 2004, he moved to Australia where he was a cornerstone investor and Director of Milne Alexander, a boutique insurance broking and advisory firm until its sale in 2007. Between 2007 and 2014, Mr. Shead was the Executive Chairman of the Mecon Winsure Insurance Group until its sale to Steadfast Group Limited in 2014.
In 2008, Mr. Shead founded Food Ladder International, an international NGO established to create financially sustainable social enterprises that empower disadvantaged individuals through employment. He remains a Director of Food Ladder International. In 2009, Mr. Shead became a director of First Unity Financial Group, a wealth management business that was sold in 2011. In 2012, he became and still remains as the Non-Executive Chairman of Lockton Companies Australia, the Australian arm of Lockton, the world’s largest privately owned, independent insurance brokerage firm.
Mr. Shead was educated at Harrow School in England and the Sorbonne University in Paris.
Andrew Jolly - Director
Dr. Andrew Jolly was appointed as a director of our company effective October 1, 2013. Dr. Jolly is a chartered engineer, an accredited carbon trust energy adviser since 2003, a member of the Energy Institute and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.
Through a combination of in-house technology development and implementation experience with solid, liquid and gaseous biofuels, in addition to contracted consultancy on behalf of a wide ranging client base, Dr. Jolly has honed skills in project concept generation, feasibility assessment, planning issues, economic appraisal and financing, environmental impacts and making sense of current UK environmental legislation and regulation. Consequently, he is experienced in managing the many and varied elements needed for the operational and commercial success of a renewable energy generation scheme.
Notable case studies include Wales’ first dedicated 14.7 MWe wood-fired biomass combustion power plant, a 35 MWe waste wood biomass plant in Wales, two 1 MWe gasification Biomass plants and a 2 MWe AD biogas plant. Dr. Jolly has a rare ‘umbrella’ appreciation of the entire value chain for biomass energy projects, from forestry owner/manager right through to the supply of renewable electricity to the grid via power purchase agreements (PPA’s).
Dr. Jolly is the founder of Equis Energy Limited which specializes in creating, developing and delivering concepts for generating biomass and biomass power-only projects. He has focused on the use of biomass, organic waste and hydrogen; and thus has developed a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory and legislative factors which impact the technical and commercial specification and scale of projects.
A key part of Dr. Jolly’s expertise is in the assessing, accreditation and maintenance of renewable energy technologies in respect of schemes such as the renewables obligation, feed in tariffs, renewable heat incentive and combined heat and power quality assurance. These aspects of clean energy projects are crucial when the consequent benefits of such renewable energy generation schemes can comprise as much as two-thirds of the overall project income.
Dr. Jolly holds a Ph.D. in Energy Studies (1998), an MPhil in Energy Studies (1995) and a B.Eng (Hons) in Mechanical Engineering and Business Management (1993).
Scott Poulter - Director
Scott Poulter was appointed as Executive Director of Pacific Green Technologies Inc. on May 8, 2017. Mr Poulter was a former professional windsurfer in the United Kingdom, and subsequently became a sports marketing entrepreneur with various sport marketing businesses worldwide which controlled various commercial or licensing rights in Formula One auto racing from 1996 to 2003.
In 2009, he was asked to assist an emission control technology company, Enviroresolutions, in commercializing its proprietary technology and he became increasingly interested in technologies that could help improve the environment. In that vein, Mr. Poulter founded Pacific Green Group Limited, which is now a significant investor in our company, and has since endeavoured to use his entrepreneurial skills and international business
experience to drive forward the emission control technologies of Pacific Green Technologies, Inc. He has been integral in delivering our Company’s business relationships in China and Europe. He is 48 years of age.
Jordan Starkman -Director
Mr. Jordan Starkman served as a director of our company since October 26, 2008. Mr. Starkman brought over twenty years’ experience in sales, financial consulting, and investor and client relations to the Pacific Green team. He is a co-founder of Pay By the Day Company Inc. and was vice-president of operations from June 2003 prior to becoming president in January 2006. In addition to being president of Pay By The Day Company Inc., Mr. Starkman has been the president of Rimrock Gold Corp. (formerly Tucana Lithium) since August 2007 and Health Advance Inc. since April 2010, both of which are quoted on the OTCQB. Pay By The Day Company Inc. was owned by Rimrock Gold Corp. (formerly Tucana Lithium) until May 2012. Mr. Starkman spends the majority of his time overseeing the operations of Rimrock Gold Corp., a junior mining/exploration company, and Health Advance, an online medical supply company. Prior to forming Pay By The Day Company Inc. in 2003, Jordan was a sales person from January 2002 to February 2003 at The Buck A Day Company, an Ontario based direct sales company focused on sales of computers and consumer electronics, and was president of Guardians of Gold from November 2005 to October 2011. Jordan has an extensive background in finance and business development. He worked for 10 years as an independent consultant for various publicly traded companies responsible for initiating new business and developing long-term relationships with customers. Jordan also holds a BA in Statistics from the University of Western Ontario.
Mr. Starkman resigned from the board effective November 1, 2016. Mr. Starkman’s resignation was not the result of any disagreements with our company regarding our operation, polices, practices or otherwise.
Other Directorships
Other than as disclosed above, our directors and officer do not hold any other directorships in any company with a class of securities registered pursuant to section 12 of the Exchange Act or subject to the requirements of section 15(d) of such Act or any company registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Board of Directors and Director Nominees
Since our board of directors does not include a majority of independent directors, the decisions of the board regarding director nominees are made by persons who have an interest in the outcome of the determination. The Board will consider candidates for directors proposed by security holders, although no formal procedures for submitting candidates have been adopted. Unless otherwise determined, at any time not less than 90 days prior to the next annual board meeting at which the slate of director nominees is adopted, the board will accept written submissions from proposed nominees that include the name, address and telephone number of the proposed nominee; a brief statement of the nominee’s qualifications to serve as a director; and a statement as to why the security holder submitting the proposed nominee believes that the nomination would be in the best interests of our security holders. If the proposed nominee is not the same person as the security holder submitting the name of the nominee, a letter from the nominee agreeing to the submission of his or her name for consideration should be provided at the time of submission. The letter should be accompanied by a résumé supporting the nominee's qualifications to serve on the board, as well as a list of references.
The board identifies director nominees through a combination of referrals from different people, including management, existing board members and security holders. Once a candidate has been identified, the board reviews the individual's experience and background and may discuss the proposed nominee with the source of the recommendation. If the board believes it to be appropriate, board members may meet with the proposed nominee before making a final determination whether to include the proposed nominee as a member of the slate of director nominees submitted to security holders for election to the board.
Some of the factors which the board considers when evaluating proposed nominees include their knowledge of and experience in business matters, finance, capital markets and mergers and acquisitions. The board may request additional information from each candidate prior to reaching a determination. The board is under no obligation to formally respond to all recommendations, although as a matter of practice, it will endeavor to do so.
Conflicts of Interest
Our directors are not obligated to commit their full time and attention to our business and, accordingly, they may encounter a conflict of interest in allocating time between our operations and those of other businesses. In the course of their other business activities, they may become aware of investment and business opportunities which may be appropriate for presentation to us as well as other entities to which they owe a fiduciary duty. As a result, they may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. They may also in the future become affiliated with entities, engaged in business activities similar to those we intend to conduct. In general, officers and directors of a corporation are required to present business opportunities to a corporation if:
● the corporation could financially undertake the opportunity;
● the opportunity is within the corporation’s line of business; and
● it would be unfair to the corporation and its stockholders not to bring the opportunity to the attention of the corporation.
We plan to adopt a code of ethics that obligates our directors, officers and employees to disclose potential conflicts of interest and prohibits those persons from engaging in such transactions without our consent.
Significant Employees
Other than as previously described, we do not expect any other individuals to make a significant contribution to our business.
Legal Proceedings
To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:
1. been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offences);
2. had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two years prior to that time;
3. been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity;
4. been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated;
5. been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or
6. been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C 78c(a)(26))), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1(a)(29))), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.
Audit Committee
We do not currently have an audit committee or a committee performing similar functions. Our board of directors as a whole participates in the review of financial statements and disclosure.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among our officers, directors, or persons nominated for such positions.
Compliance With Section 16(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires our executive officers and directors and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities to file with the SEC initial statements of beneficial ownership, reports of changes in ownership and annual reports concerning their ownership of our shares of common stock and other equity securities, on Forms 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Executive officers, directors and greater than 10% shareholders are required by the SEC regulations to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) reports they file.
Based solely on our review of the copies of such forms received by our company, or written representations from certain reporting persons that no Form 5s were required for those persons, we believe that, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, all filing requirements applicable to our officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners as well as our officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners of our subsidiaries were complied with.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to, among other persons, members of our board of directors, our company's officers including our president, chief executive officer and chief financial officer, employees, consultants and advisors. As adopted, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics sets forth written standards that are designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote:
1. honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;
2. full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that we file with, or submit to, the Securities and Exchange Commission and in other public communications made by us;
3. compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations;
4. the prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics; and
5. accountability for adherence to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.
Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics requires, among other things, that all of our company's senior officers commit to timely, accurate and consistent disclosure of information; that they maintain confidential information; and that they act with honesty and integrity.
In addition, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics emphasizes that all employees, and particularly senior officers, have a responsibility for maintaining financial integrity within our company, consistent with generally accepted accounting principles, and federal and state securities laws. Any senior officer, who becomes aware of any incidents involving financial or accounting manipulation or other irregularities, whether by witnessing the incident or being told of it, must report it to our company. Any failure to report such inappropriate or irregular conduct of others is to be treated as a severe disciplinary matter. It is against our company policy to retaliate against any individual who reports in good faith the violation or potential violation of our company's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by another.
Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is attached hereto as Exhibit 14. We will provide a copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to any person without charge, upon request. Requests can be sent to: Pacific Green Technologies Inc., 5205 Prospect Road, Suite 135-226, San Jose, California, 95129.
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The particulars of compensation paid by our company to the following persons:
(a) our principal executive officer;
(b) each of our two most highly compensated executive officers who were serving as executive officers at the end of the period from inception to March 31, 2017; and
(c) up to two additional individuals for whom disclosure would have been provided under (b) but for the fact that the individual was not serving as an executive officer at the end of the period to March 31, 2017, who we will collectively refer to as our named executive officers are set out in the following summary compensation table:
(1) Jordan Starkman was appointed as president, secretary, treasurer and director of our company on November 30, 2012 and resigned as president, secretary and treasurer on August 31, 2013. Mr. Starkman remained as a member of our board of directors until November 1, 2016, when he resigned from the board.
(2) Neil Carmichael was appointed as a director of our company December 18, 2012 and as president, secretary and treasurer on August 31, 2013.
(3) Andrew Jolly was appointed as a director of our company on October 1, 2013.
(4) Alexander Shead was appointed as a director of our company on July 20, 2015.
Stock Option Plan
Currently, we do not have a stock option plan in favor of any director, officer, consultant or employee of our company.
Stock Options/SAR Grants
On July 19, 2015, we granted 312,500 stock options to the President of our company. The stock options are exercisable at a price of $0.01 per share and expire on July 19, 2018.
On July 20, 2015, we granted 50,000 stock options to a director of our company. The stock options are exercisable at a price of $0.01 per share and expire on July 20, 2018.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End
On July 20, 2015, we entered into an agreement whereby a company controlled by a significant shareholder of our company can convert up to $1,000,000 in outstanding amounts owed at a conversion rate of $0.70 per share. The option must be exercised, if at all, during the period commencing twelve months from the date of the agreement and ending on the second anniversary of the date of the agreement.
On January 9, 2016, we granted 934,963 share purchase warrants, exercisable at $0.001 per share and expiring January 8, 2018, to a significant shareholder of our company for consulting and finders fees.
Option Exercises
During our fiscal year ended March 31, 2017 there were no options exercised by our named officers.
Compensation of Directors
Effective December 18, 2012 we entered into a non-executive director agreement with Dr. Neil Carmichael, wherein Dr. Carmichael will receive compensation of $1,000 for the term of the agreement and shall be granted options to purchase up to 62,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share of common stock. The options will terminate the earlier of 24 months, or upon the termination of the agreement and Dr. Carmichael's engagement with our company. These options have expired.
On September 26, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Andrew Jolly, wherein Dr. Jolly agreed to serve as a director of our company. Pursuant to the agreement, our company is to compensate Dr. Jolly for serving as a director of our company at GBP2,000 (approximately $3,235) per calendar month. Effective October 1, 2013, we appointed Dr. Jolly as a director of our company.
On July 20, 2015, we entered into an agreement with Alexander Shead to provide director services to the Company for compensation of $1,000 per month.
Other than the above, we do not have any agreements for compensating our directors for their services in their capacity as directors, although such directors are expected in the future to receive stock options to purchase shares of our common stock as awarded by our board of directors.
We have determined that none of our directors are independent directors, as that term is used in Item 7(d)(3)(iv)(B) of Schedule 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and as defined by Rule 4200(a)(15) of the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules.
Pension, Retirement or Similar Benefit Plans
There are no arrangements or plans in which we provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for directors or executive officers. We have no material bonus or profit sharing plans pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation is or may be paid to our directors or executive officers, except that stock options may be granted at the discretion of the board of directors or a committee thereof.
Indebtedness of Directors, Senior Officers, Executive Officers and Other Management
None of our directors or executive officers or any associate or affiliate of our company during the last two fiscal years is or has been indebted to our company by way of guarantee, support agreement, letter of credit or other similar agreement or understanding currently outstanding.
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The following table sets forth the ownership, as of July 20, 2017, of our common stock by each of our directors and executive officers, by all of our executive officers and directors as a group, and by each person known to us who is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our securities. As of August 10, 2017, there were 26,830,763 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding. All persons named have sole voting and investment control with respect to the shares, except as otherwise noted. The number of shares described below includes shares which the beneficial owner described has the right to acquire within 60 days of the date of this registration statement.
* Less than 1%
(1)Under Rule 13d-3, a beneficial owner of a security includes any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise has or shares: (i) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of shares; and (ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose or direct the disposition of shares. Certain shares may be deemed to be beneficially owned by more than one person (if, for example, persons share the power to vote or the power to dispose of the shares). In addition, shares are deemed to be beneficially owned by a person if the person has the right to acquire the shares (for example, upon exercise of an option) within 60 days of the date as of which the information is provided. In computing the percentage ownership of any person, the amount of shares outstanding is deemed to include the amount of shares beneficially owned by such person (and only such person) by reason of these acquisition rights. As a result, the percentage of outstanding shares of any person as shown in this table does not necessarily reflect the person's actual ownership or voting power with respect to the number of shares of common stock actually outstanding on July 17, 2017. As of July 17, 2017, there were 26,330,763 shares of our company's common stock issued and outstanding.
(2)Neil Carmichael was appointed as a director of our company December 18, 2012 and as president, secretary and treasurer on August 31, 2013.
(3)Includes 40,000 common shares held indirectly by Neil Carmichael through 1728313 Ontario Ltd.
(4)Andrew Jolly was appointed as a director of our company on October 1, 2013.
(5)Includes 318,167 common shares held by Alexander Group & Company PTY Ltd. Alexander Shead has voting and dispositive control over securities held by Alexander Group & Company PTY Ltd. Also includes 2,768,727 common shares held by Intrawest Overseas Limited. Securities held by Intrawest Overseas Limited are held for the financial benefit of Mr. Shead. Mr. Shead does not exercise direct voting or dispositive control over these securities.
(6)Includes 3,451,496 common shares held by Fresh Air Investments Canada Limited. Securities held by Fresh Air Investments Canada Limited are held for the financial benefit of Scott Poulter. Mr. Poulter does not exercise direct voting or dispositive control over these securities.
(7)Scott Poulter has voting and dispositive control over shares owned by Fresh Air Investments Canada Limited.
Changes in Control
We are unaware of any contract or other arrangement or provisions of our Articles or Bylaws the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of our company.
Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Other than set forth below, there have been no other transactions since the beginning of our last fiscal year or any currently proposed transactions in which we are, or plan to be, a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets at year end for the last two completed fiscal years, and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
During the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, we incurred $488,600 and $1,617,299 in consultancy fees paid to the officers, directors and companies controlled by them.
As at March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, we had amounts due to/from related parties as follows:
(1) Both Sichel Limited, Pacific Green Development Ltd. and PGG are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Hookipa Trust. Sichel is a shareholder of our company, and provides consulting services pursuant to a consulting agreement dated May 1, 2010. The sole director of Sichel, who is also the sole director of PGG, is Scott Poulter, a Director of the Company effective May 8, 2017.
(2) The loan is unsecured, non-interest bearing, and is due on demand.
Related party transactions occurred in the normal course of operations on terms and conditions that are similar to those of transactions with unrelated parties and, therefore, are measured at the exchange amount.
Director Independence
We currently act with four directors, Dr. Neil Carmichael, Dr. Andrew Jolly, and Mr. Alex Shead and Mr. Scott Poulter. None of our directors qualify as “independent directors” as defined by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200(a)(15).
We do not have standing audit, compensation or nominating committees; our directors act in those capacities. We believe that our directors are capable of analyzing and evaluating our financial statements and understanding internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. To the extent that our directors are not capable of effectively performing those tasks, our directors intend to seek appropriate professional guidance. The board of directors of our company does not believe that it is necessary, given our early stage of development, to have a standing audit, compensation or nominating committees because we believe that the functions of such committees can be adequately performed by the board of directors. Additionally, we believe that retaining an independent director who would qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” would be overly costly and burdensome and is not warranted in our circumstances given the early stages of our development.
Item 14.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The aggregate fees billed for the most recently completed fiscal year ended March 31, 2017 and for fiscal year ended March 31, 2016 for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for the audit of our annual financial statements and review of the financial statements included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for these fiscal periods were as follows:
Our board of directors pre-approves all services provided by our independent auditors. All of the above services and fees were reviewed and approved by the board of directors either before or after the respective services were rendered.
Our board of directors has considered the nature and amount of fees billed by our independent auditors and believes that the provision of services for activities unrelated to the audit is compatible with maintaining our independent auditors’ independence.
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Financial Statements
1. Financial statements for our company are listed in the index under Item 8 of this document.
2. All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, not material or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
(b) Exhibits
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith. Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files on Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of any registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.
SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PACIFIC GREEN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
(Registrant)
Dated: August 14, 2017 By: /s/ Neil Carmichael
Neil Carmichael
President, Secretary, Treasurer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer,
Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Dated: August 14, 2017 By: /s/ Neil Carmichael
Neil Carmichael
President, Secretary, Treasurer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer,
Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)
Dated: August 14, 2017 By: /s/ Scott Poulter
Scott Poulter
Director
Dated: August 14, 2017 By: /s/ Andrew Jolly
Andrew Jolly
Director