Item 1. Business
Overview:
Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in 1971 as Competitive Technologies, Inc., succeeding an Illinois corporation incorporated in 1968. Effective August 20, 2014, the Company changed its name from Competitive Technologies, Inc. to Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated. The Company (collectively, "we,” “our,” or “us”), is a medical device company developing and commercializing innovative products and technologies for chronic neuropathic pain and wound care affliction patients. The Company’s flagship medical device, the Calmare® Pain Therapy Device (the “Calmare Device”), is the world’s only non-invasive and non-addictive modality that can successfully treat chronic, neuropathic pain.
In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement (the “2007 Agreement”) with Giuseppe Marineo (“Marineo”) and Delta Research and Development (“Delta”), Mr. Marineo’s wholly-owned company, collectively (the “Parties”), that secured the exclusive, worldwide sales and distribution rights to the science behind Calmare Pain Mitigation Therapy™ (the “Technology”). Today, this science is effectuated by the Company’s flagship medical device - the Calmare Device. Sales of our Calmare Device continue to be the major source of revenue for the Company. In 2011, the Company’s 2007 agreement was amended (the “2011 Amendment”) to extend the exclusivity rights afforded to the Company by the 2007 Agreement through March 31, 2016.
In July 2012, the Company and the Parties worked on a five-year extension to the 2011 Agreement (the “2012 Amendment”). However, the Company believes that the 2012 Amendment is neither valid nor enforceable as it was never duly signed or authorized and subsequently deemed null and void. Therefore, the Company’s rights are determined by the 2011 Amendment which provides the Company with the exclusive rights to manufacture and sell the Calmare Device worldwide using the Technology. The Company is negotiating an extension to the 2007 Agreement. (see The Company’s Distribution Rights, Marineo and Delta under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation and in Footnote 16, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES)
The Company has a majority-owned subsidiary, Vector Vision, Inc., which receives retained royalties from the Company’s previous business model, the licensing of patents.
The Company has incurred operating losses since fiscal 2006 and has a working capital and shareholders’ deficiency at December 31, 2015. We continue to seek revenue from increased sales of Calmare Devices as well as expansion of sales of the devices into new markets. At current reduced spending levels, the Company may not have sufficient cash flow to fund operations through 2016. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its developing other recurring revenue streams sufficient to cover operating costs. If necessary, we will meet anticipated operating cash requirements by further reducing costs, issuing debt or equity, and/or pursuing sales of certain assets and technologies while we continue to pursue increased sales of our Calmare Devices. The Company does not have any significant individual cash or capital requirements in the budget going forward. To return to and sustain profitability, we must increase our revenue through sales of our Calmare Devices and other products and services related to the Devices. Our recent $15 million contract with the U.S. Government over five years will significantly improve our revenue streams. Failure to develop a recurring revenue stream sufficient to cover operating expenses would negatively affect the Company’s financial position.
On September 3, 2010, the Company’s securities began trading on the OTCQB marketplace under the ticker symbol CTTC, having been delisted from the NYSE Amex (the “Exchange”). On October 5, 2010, the Company’s securities began trading on the OTC Market's top tier, the OTCQX. Effective February 9, 2015, the Company’s securities began trading on the OTC Pink.
Revenue Generation
Revenue for 2015 was primarily from the sale of Calmare Devices to end users in the United States. It also includes rental income from situations where we rented Calmare Devices to end-users in the United States. A small percentage of revenue is derived from the sale of supplies and training, rental payments and the sale of rental assets. Additionally, the Company continues to receive a small amount of retained royalties as a result of the licensing of patents derived from the Company’s prior business model. These revenues are declining as the Company no longer actively licenses patents and existing licensing agreements are reaching the end of their term.
In 2010, the Company became its own distributor for the Calmare Device in the U.S, contracting with commissioned sales representatives to sell Devices from the Company’s inventory. During 2011 and 2012, the Company and its representatives developed plans to increase awareness of the Calmare Device among critical medical specialties. The Company implemented those plans by targeting specific customers and locations in 2012. Since then, the Company has entered into multiple sales agreements for the Calmare Device. Sales to physicians and medical practices and to others with whom the Company had existing sales agreements continue to generate revenue for the Company.
In June 15, 2010, the Company became a government contractor and was granted its first General Services Administration (“GSA”) contract (V797P-4300B) from the U.S. Veterans Administration (the “VA”) for Calmare Devices. In 2015 and 2014, we had a significant concentration of revenue from our Calmare Device, specifically 89.5% of total revenue in 2015 and 89.8% of total revenue in 2014.
The Company has a device manufacturing agreement, (the “Manufacturing Agreement”), with GEOMC Co., Ltd. (“GEOMC”, formerly Daeyang E & C Co., Ltd.) of Seoul, South Korea, to manufacture the Calmare Device, as per the specification delineated in the Company’s Food and Drug Administration’s 510k clearance (#K081255). As per this “clearance,” the Company has the sole, irrevocable right to sell the Calmare Device in the United States and global reciprocity countries. The Manufacturing Agreement is in effect for a period of ten (10) years through 2017, subject to terms and conditions.
We record revenue from the sales of inventory when the terms of the sales arrangement are accepted by all parties including a fee that is fixed and determinable, delivery has occurred and our customer has taken title, and collectability is reasonably assured. We are the primary obligor, responsible for delivering devices as well as for training our customers in the proper use of the device. We deal directly with customers, setting pricing and providing training; work directly with the inventor of the technology to develop specifications and any changes thereto and to select and contract with manufacturing partners; and retain significant credit risk for amounts billed to customers. Therefore, all product sales are recorded following a gross revenue methodology.
Employees
As of March 31, 2016, we employed the full-time equivalent of seven (7) people. We also had independent consultants under contract to provide general and specific services specifically in (a) finance, (b) management, (c) medical device services, (d) business development, and (e) sales. In addition to the diverse technical, intellectual property, legal, financial, marketing and business expertise of our professional team, from time to time we rely on advice from outside specialists to fulfill other Company needs.
Changes in Leadership in the Company
On September 15, 2015, the Company announced the appointment of Dr. Stephen J. D’Amato, M.D., F.A.C.E.P., as Chief Medical Officer of the Company.
On January 11, 2016, the Company appointed Thomas P. Richtarich as the Company’s new Chief Financial Officer.
On January 15, 2016, the Company announced the appointment of Dr. Christine Chansky, M.D., J.D., F.C.L.M. as Chief Regulatory Officer of the Company.
Corporate Governance
The Company’s Corporate Governance Principles, Corporate Code of Conduct, the Committee Charters for the Audit and Nominating Committees of the Board of Directors, the unofficial restated Certificate of Incorporation and the By-Laws are available on our website at www.calmaretherapeutics.com/investors/governance.html.
Available Information
We make available without charge copies of our Annual Report, Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, amendments to those, and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on our website, www. calmaretherapeutics.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed. Our website's content is not intended to be incorporated by reference into this report or any other report we file with the SEC. You may request a paper copy of materials we file with the SEC by calling us at (203) 368-6044.
You may read and copy materials we file with the SEC on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov, or at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling (800) 732-0330.
Fiscal Year
Our fiscal year ends December 31, and our first, second, third and fourth quarters end March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, respectively.
Item 1A.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risks Related to our Business and the Market Environment
The risk factors described below are not all-inclusive. All risk factors should be carefully considered when evaluating our business, results of operations, and financial position. We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements or risk factors. There may be other risks and uncertainties not highlighted herein that may affect our financial condition and business operations.
We derived more than 85% of our total revenue in 2015 from one technology.
Total revenue consists of revenue from product sales, retained royalties, and other income. We derived approximately $892,000, or 89.5%, of 2015 revenue from sales of our Calmare pain therapy medical device technology. An additional 4% of revenue derived indirectly from that technology through sales of supplies and training, rental payments and the sale of rental assets. A concentration of revenue makes our operations vulnerable to patent changes or expiration, or to variability in the medical device market, or to the development of new and competing technologies and could have a significant adverse impact on our financial position.
In the last five fiscal years, we incurred significant net losses and negative cash flows, and our ability to finance future losses is limited, and may significantly affect existing stockholders.
The Company has incurred operating losses since fiscal 2006 and has a working capital and shareholders’ deficiency at December 31, 2015. At current reduced spending levels, the Company may not have sufficient cash flow to fund operations through 2016. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include adjustments to reflect the possible future effect of the recoverability and classification of assets or amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
The Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its developing other recurring revenue streams sufficient to cover operating costs. If necessary, we will meet anticipated operating cash requirements by further reducing costs, issuing debt or equity, and/or pursuing sales of certain assets. The Company does not have any significant individual capital requirements in the budget going forward. To return to and sustain profitability, we must increase our revenue through sales of our Calmare Devices and other products and services related to the Devices.
Our recent $15 million contract with the U.S. Government over five years will significantly improve our revenue streams. Failure to develop a recurring revenue stream sufficient to cover operating expenses would negatively affect the Company’s financial position.
Our current recurring revenue stream is insufficient for us to be profitable with our present cost structure. To return to and sustain profitability, we must increase sales revenue by further penetrating the U.S. market and expanding to other markets. We significantly reduced overhead costs with staff reductions across all company departments, reduced extraneous litigations, and obtained new technologies to build revenue. We will continue to monitor our cost structure, and expect to operate within our generated revenue and cash balances.
Future revenue is subject to many factors beyond our control. These include technological changes and economic cycles. Consequently, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to be profitable. Although we cannot be certain that we will be successful in these efforts, we believe the combination of our cash on hand, and revenue from successfully executing our strategy will be sufficient to meet our obligations of current and anticipated operating cash requirements.
Our exclusive, worldwide rights to sell the chronic pain reduction technology, marketed as Calmare, which accounted for 89% of our total revenue in 2015, will expire on March 31, 2016 unless action is taken by the Company.
In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement (the “2007 Agreement”) with Giuseppe Marineo (“Marineo”) and Delta Research and Development (“Delta”), Mr. Marineo’s wholly-owned company, collectively (the “Parties”), that secured the exclusive, worldwide sales and distribution rights to the science behind Calmare Pain Mitigation Therapy™ (the “Technology”). Today, this science is effectuated by the Company’s flagship medical device - the Calmare Device. Sales of our Calmare Device continue to be the major source of revenue for the Company. In 2011, the Company’s 2007 agreement was amended (the “2011 Amendment”) to extend the exclusivity rights afforded to the Company by the 2007 Agreement through March 31, 2016.
In July 2012, the Company and the Parties worked on a five-year extension to the 2011 Agreement (the “2012 Amendment”). However, the Company believes that the 2012 Amendment is neither valid nor enforceable as it was never duly signed or authorized and subsequently deemed null and void. Therefore, the Company’s rights are determined by the 2011 Amendment which provides the Company with the exclusive rights to manufacture and sell the Calmare Device worldwide using the Technology. The Company is negotiating an extension to the 2007 Agreement.
We depend on government approvals to commercially develop our primary product.
The Calmare Device currently has a 510(k) clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”). Full commercial introduction in the United States will require an “approval” from the FDA. The FDA's approval process is rigorous, time consuming and costly. We may not be successful in obtaining FDA approval for the Calmare Device. In addition, we will require approval from foreign government agencies to commercially market the Calmare Device in those countries. We may not be successful in obtaining approval from individual foreign government agencies.
We and our customers depend on government and private insurance reimbursement to develop commercially viable medical products.
Successful commercialization of medical products demands appropriate reimbursement rates from government and private medical insurance programs. In the US, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) sets reimbursement rates for medical procedures. Private insurance companies independently develop reimbursement rates for medical procedures as well. There is no assurance that rates will be set on the schedule or at the rates that we and our customers prefer. A lack of sufficient insurance reimbursement may cause customers to delay purchases of a new medical technology, pending the availability of reimbursement.
Risks Related to our Common Stock
We have not paid dividends on our common stock.
We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock since 1981, and, our Board of Directors does not currently have plans to declare or pay cash dividends in the future. The decision to pay dividends is solely at the discretion of our Board of Directors based upon factors that they deem relevant, and may change at any time.
Our shares are listed for trading on the OTC Marketplace, and our shares will likely be classified as a “penny stock” as that term is generally defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to mean equity securities with a price less than $5.00. Our shares will be subject to rules that impose sales practice and disclosure requirements on broker-dealers who engage in certain transactions involving a penny stock.
We are subject to the penny stock rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission that require brokers to provide extensive disclosure to its customers prior to executing trades in penny stocks. These disclosure requirements may cause a reduction in the trading activity of our common stock, which in all likelihood would make it difficult for our stockholders to sell their securities.
Under the penny stock regulations, a broker-dealer selling a penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or accredited investor must make a special suitability determination regarding the purchaser and must receive the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to the sale, unless the broker-dealer is otherwise exempt. Generally, an individual with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000, or annual income exceeding $200,000 individually, or $300,000 together with his or her spouse, is considered an accredited investor. In addition, under the penny stock regulations the broker-dealer is required to:
· Deliver, prior to any transaction involving a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared by the Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the penny stock market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt;
· Disclose commissions payable to the broker-dealer and our registered representatives and current bid and offer quotations for the securities;
· Send monthly statements disclosing recent price information pertaining to the penny stock held in a customer’s account, the account’s value and information regarding the limited market in penny stocks;
· Make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction, prior to conducting any penny stock transaction in the customer’s account.
Because of these regulations, broker-dealers may encounter difficulties in their attempt to sell shares of our common stock, which may affect the ability of selling stockholders or other holders to sell their shares in the secondary market and have the effect of reducing the level of trading activity in the secondary market. These additional sales practice and disclosure requirements could impede the sale of our securities. In addition, the liquidity for our securities may be decreased, with a corresponding decrease in the price of our securities. Our shares in all probability will be subject to such penny stock rules and our stockholders will, in all likelihood, find it difficult to sell their securities.
Our common stock is subject to price volatility unrelated to our operations.
The market price of our common stock could fluctuate substantially due to a variety of factors, including market perception of our ability to achieve our planned growth, trading volume in our common stock, changes in general conditions in the economy and the financial markets or other developments affecting us or our competitors. In addition, the stock market is subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant effect on the market price of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to their operating performance and could have the same effect on our common stock.
Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market could depress the market price of our common stock.
The sale of a substantial amount of common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
The OTC Marketplace is a quotation system, not an issuer listing service, market or exchange. Therefore, buying and selling stock on the Pinks is not as efficient as buying and selling stock through an exchange. As a result, it may be difficult for you to sell your common stock or you may not be able to sell your common stock for an optimum trading price.
The OTC Marketplace is a regulated quotation service that displays real-time quotes, last sale prices and volume limitations in over-the-counter securities. Nevertheless, because trades and quotations on the OTC Marketplace involve a manual process, the market information for such securities cannot be guaranteed. In addition, quote information, or even firm quotes, may not be available. The manual execution process may delay order processing and intervening price fluctuations may result in the failure of a limit order to execute or the execution of a market order at a significantly different price. Execution of trades, execution reporting and the delivery of legal trade confirmations may be delayed significantly. Consequently, one may not be able to sell shares of our common stock at the optimum trading prices.
When fewer shares of a security are being traded on the OTC Marketplace, volatility of prices may increase and price movement may outpace the ability to deliver accurate quote information. Lower trading volumes in a security may result in a lower likelihood of an individual’s orders being executed, and current prices may differ significantly from the price one was quoted by the Pinks at the time of the order entry. Orders for OTC Marketplace securities may be canceled or edited like orders for other securities. All requests to change or cancel an order must be submitted to, received and processed by the OTC Pink. Due to the manual order processing involved in handling OTC Marketplace trades, order processing and reporting may be delayed, and an individual may not be able to cancel or edit his order. Consequently, one may not be able to sell shares of common stock at the optimum trading prices.
The dealer’s spread (the difference between the bid and ask prices) may be large and may result in substantial losses to the seller of securities on the OTC Marketplace if the common stock or other security must be sold immediately. Further, purchasers of securities may incur an immediate “paper” loss due to the price spread. Moreover, dealers trading on the OTC Marketplace may not have a bid price for securities bought and sold through the OTC Marketplace. Due to the foregoing, demand for securities that are traded through the OTC Marketplace may be decreased or eliminated.
We anticipate the need to sell additional authorized shares in the future. This will result in a dilution to our existing shareholders and a corresponding reduction in their percentage ownership in the Company.
We may seek additional funds through the sale of our common stock. This will result in a dilution effect to our shareholders whereby their percentage ownership interest in the Company is reduced. The magnitude of this dilution effect will be determined by the number of shares we will have to issue in the future to obtain the funds required. The sale of additional stock to new shareholders will reduce the ownership position of the current shareholders. The price of each share outstanding common share may decrease in the event we sell additional shares.
Since our securities are subject to penny stock rules, you may have difficulty reselling your shares.
Our shares are considered “penny stocks” and are covered by Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which imposes additional sales practice requirements on broker/dealers who sell our securities including the delivery of a standardized disclosure document; disclosure and confirmation of quotation prices; disclosure of compensation the broker/dealer receives; and, furnishing monthly account statements. For sales of our securities, the broker/dealer must make a special suitability determination and receive from its customer a written agreement prior to making a sale. The imposition of the foregoing additional sales practices could adversely affect a shareholder's ability to dispose of his stock.
Item 1B.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2.
Item 2. Properties
The Company leases approximately 2,700 square feet of office space in Fairfield, CT. Effective October 2013, the Company extended the term of the lease through February 2017 with an average annual cost of approximately $63,000.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Tim Conley (case pending) - On August 18, 2014, notice was issued to the Company that on June 23, 2014, Timothy Conley (the “Plaintiff”) filed a complaint against the Company, in the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island. The complaint alleges that the Company’s former acting interim chief executive, Johnnie Johnson, and Plaintiff entered into an agreement whereby the Company agreed to make payments to Plaintiff. Among other allegations, Plaintiff claims that the Company’s nonpayment to Plaintiff constitutes a breach of contract. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the allegations and intends to vigorously defend against the litigation.
GEOMC (case pending) - On August 22, 2014, GEOMC filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. The complaint alleges that the Company and GEOMC entered into a security agreement whereby in exchange for GEOMC’s sale and delivery of the Calmare Devices, the Company would grant GEOMC a security interest in the Calmare Devices. Among other allegations, GEOMC claims that the Company has failed to comply with the terms of the security agreement and seeks an order to the Court to replevy the Calmare Devices or collect damages. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the allegations and intends to vigorously defend against the litigation. On February 4, 2016, the Company announced that it is discussing a settlement with GEOMC, however, to date, no settlement has been reached.
General Litigation - We may be a party to other legal actions and proceedings from time to time. We are unable to estimate legal expenses or losses we may incur, if any, or possible damages we may recover, and have not recorded any potential judgment losses or proceeds in our financial statements to date, with the exception of the accrued expenses related to the Nano case, previously disclosed. We record expenses in connection with these suits as incurred.
An unfavorable resolution of any or all matters, and/or our incurrence of significant legal fees and other costs to defend or prosecute any of these actions and proceedings may, depending on the amount and timing, have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular period.
Item 4.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures (Not Applicable)
Not Applicable.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock had been traded on the NYSE Amex under the ticker symbol CTT since April 25, 1984. On September 3, 2010, our stock was delisted from the NYSE Amex and began trading on the OTCQB under the ticker symbol CTTC. On October 5, 2010, our stock began trading on the OTC market's top tier, the OTCQX. Effective February 9, 2015, the Company’s securities began trading on the OTC Pink.
Holders of Common Stock.
At March 31, 2016, there were 443 holders of record of our common stock.
Dividend Policy.
We have not declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock since 1981, and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We expect to retain available cash to finance ongoing operations and the potential growth of our business. Any future determination to pay dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other factors, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table summarizes securities available under our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2015.
Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
None.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
Common stock
During 2015, the Company issued 500,000 shares with a fair value of $80,000 to an advisory firm for consulting services.
During 2015, the Company issued 120,000 shares to an advisory firm for consulting services. The shares vested in two tranches, with 60,000 shares vesting in the quarter ended December 31, 2014 and remaining 60,000 shares vesting in the quarter ended March 31, 2015. The Company recorded consulting expenses of $10,800 in the quarter ended December 31, 2014 and $27,600 of consulting expenses in the quarter ended March 31, 2015. In each instance, the expense was based on the fair value on the vesting date.
During 2015, the Company issued 503,333 stock warrants for consulting services performed and recorded consulting expense of $75,000 for the fair value of the warrants.
During 2015, the Company issued 120,000 shares to an advisory firm for consulting services. The Company recorded consulting expenses of $31,200 based on the fair value on the issuance date.
During 2015, the Company did private offerings of its common stock and warrants for a total consideration of $365,000. 1,825,000 shares of common stock were issued at a per share price of $0.20. The common stock holders were also issued warrants to purchase 912,500 shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital.
Series B-2 Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During the quarter ended March 31, 2015, the Company did a private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $302,353 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $257,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $45,353 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 755,882 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, the Company did a private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $705,882 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $600,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $105,882 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.25 per share any time after issuance. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 1,411,764 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, the Company did a private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $470,588 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $400,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $70,588 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 1,176,470 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term.
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCCORPORATED
Item 6.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Not Required.
Item 7.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation
Forward-Looking Statements
Statements about our future expectations are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Federal Securities Laws, and are not guarantees of future performance. When used herein, the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “appear,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” “estimate,” “approximate,” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements involve risks and uncertainties inherent in our business, including those set forth in Item 1A under the caption “Risk Factors,” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, and other filings with the SEC, and are subject to change at any time. Our actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statement.
Overview
Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in 1971 as Competitive Technologies, Inc., succeeding an Illinois corporation incorporated in 1968. Effective August 20, 2014, the Company changed its name from Competitive Technologies, Inc. to Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated. The Company and its majority-owned subsidiary, Vector Vision, Inc., (collectively, “we,” “our,” or “us”), is a medical device company developing and commercializing innovative products and technologies for chronic neuropathic pain and wound care affliction patients. The Company’s flagship medical device, the Calmare® Pain Therapy Device (the “Calmare Device”), is the world’s only non-invasive and non-addictive modality that can successfully treat chronic, neuropathic pain.
In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement (the “2007 Agreement”) with Giuseppe Marineo (“Marineo”) and Delta Research and Development (“Delta”), Mr. Marineo’s wholly-owned company, collectively (the “Parties”), that secured the exclusive, worldwide sales and distribution rights to the science behind Calmare Pain Mitigation Therapy™ (the “Technology”). Today, this science is effectuated by the Company’s flagship medical device - the Calmare Device. Sales of our Calmare Device continue to be the major source of revenue for the Company. In 2011, the Company’s 2007 agreement was amended (the “2011 Amendment”) to extend the exclusivity rights afforded to the Company by the 2007 Agreement through March 31, 2016.
In July 2012, the Company and the Parties worked on a five-year extension to the 2011 Agreement (the “2012 Amendment”). However, the Company believes that the 2012 Amendment is neither valid nor enforceable as it was never duly signed or authorized and subsequently deemed null and void. Therefore, the Company’s rights are determined by the 2011 Amendment which provides the Company with the exclusive rights to manufacture and sell the Calmare Device worldwide using the Technology. The Company is negotiating an extension to the 2007 Agreement. (see The Company’s Distribution Rights, Marineo and Delta below and also in Footnote 16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES)
In 2010, the Company became its own distributor for the Calmare Device in the U.S, contracting with 15 commissioned sales representatives. During 2011 and 2012, the Company and its representatives developed plans to increase awareness of the Calmare Device among critical medical specialties and began to implement those plans targeting specific customers and locations in 2012. Since then the Company has entered into multiple sales agreements for the Calmare Device. Sales to physicians and medical practices and to others with whom the Company had existing sales agreements continue to generate revenue for the Company. In June 15, 2010, the Company became a government contractor and was granted its first General Services Administration (“GSA”) contract (V797P-4300B) from the U.S. Veterans Administration (the “VA”) for Calmare Devices.
Since 2010 the Company has controlled the sales process for its Calmare® Device. We are the primary obligor, responsible for delivering devices as well as training our customer in the proper use of the Calmare Device. We deal directly with customers, setting pricing and providing training; work directly with the inventor of the technology to develop specifications and any changes thereto and to select and contract with manufacturing partners; and retain significant credit risk for amounts billed to customers. Therefore, all product sales are recorded following a gross revenue methodology.
We record in product sales the total funds earned from customers and record the costs of the Calmare device as cost of product sales, with gross profit from product sales being the result. The Technology supporting the Calmare Device has patent protection in Italy and the United States. Additional applications for patents have been filed internationally and are pending approval. The Calmare Device has CE Mark certification from the European Union as well as U.S. FDA 510(k) clearance.
The Company’s Distribution Rights for the Calmare Device
On April 8, 2014, Mr. Giuseppe Marineo and Delta Research and Development (“Delta”), Mr. Marineo’s research company, and Delta International Services and Logistics (“DIS&L”), Delta’s commercial arm in which Mr. Marineo is the sole beneficiary of all proceeds as its founder and sole owner (collectively the “Group”), issued a press release (the “Group’s Press Release”) regarding the Company, stating that the Company did not have authority to sell, distribute and manufacture the Calmare Device as an exclusive agent of the Group. The Company issued a corporate response in a press release dated April 11, 2014 stating that the Group’s Press Release was inaccurate and has since been purged by the overseeing body of wire services.
This issue between the Company and the Group is over the validity of a 2012 Amendment to a Sales and Representation Agreement (the “Amendment”) which, if valid and enforceable, may have compromised its rights to sell, distribute and manufacture the Calmare Device as an exclusive agent of the Group in the global marketplace, especially in the European, Middle Eastern and North African (“EMENA”) territory which was responsible for approximately 70% of gross Calmare Device sales in 2011. However, the Company believes that the Amendment is neither valid nor enforceable as it was never duly signed or authorized and subsequently deemed null and void. Therefore, the parties’ rights are determined by an earlier agreement whereby the Company still possesses the authority to sell, distribute and manufacture Calmare Devices as a world-wide exclusive agent of the Group.
On April 16, 2014, counsel for the Group (“Group Counsel”) sent a cease and desist letter (“Cease and Desist Letter”) to the Company, requesting a confirmation that the Company would no longer hold itself out as an agent of the Group permitted to sell, distribute and manufacture Calmare Devices world-wide including the EMENA territory.
The Company responded on April 25, 2014 to the Cease and Desist Letter, disputing Group Counsel’s interpretation of the events surrounding the execution of the Amendment. At this time, the Company continues to work to find a reasonable and amicable resolution to the situation.
Reliance on one revenue source.
In 2015, we had a significant concentration of revenue from our Calmare devices. We continue to seek revenue from increased sales of devices in the United States as well as expansion into new markets.
Presentation.
All amounts in this Item 7 have been rounded to the nearest thousand dollars.
The following discussion and analysis provides information that we believe is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
Changes in Leadership in the Company
On September 15, 2015, the Company announced the appointment of Dr. Stephen J. D’Amato, M.D., F.A.C.E.P., as Chief Medical Officer of the Company.
On January 11, 2016, the Company appointed Thomas P. Richtarich as the Company’s new Chief Financial Officer.
On January 15, 2016, the Company announced the appointment of Dr. Christine Chansky, M.D., J.D., F.C.L.M. as Chief Regulatory Officer of the Company.
Results of Operations - 2015 versus
Summary of Results
Our net loss for 2015 increased to $3,678,082 or $0.13 per basic and diluted share as compared with a net loss of $3,411,000 or $0.15 per basic and diluted share for 2014. This net loss increase is primarily attributable to an increase in operating expenses.
Revenue and Gross Profit from Sales
Revenue from the sale and shipment of Calmare® devices (the “Devices”), for 2015, decreased 15% or $154,000 to $891,000 as compared with $1,045,000 for 2014. Although the number of Devices sold declined from 2014 to 2015 by nearly 50%, the average sales price increased which resulted in revenue only declining 15%.
Cost of product sales, for 2015, decreased 37% or $161,000 to $280,000 as compared with $441,000 for 2014. The decrease is consistent with the decrease in revenues during the same period. Gross margin, however, increased slightly to $612,000 in 2015 from $604,000 in 2014 due to the higher gross margin associated with U.S. private sector sales.
Device sales, for 2015, decreased with the sale of nine (9) Devices as compared with seventeen (17) Device sales for 2014. Device sales for 2015 were comprised of nine (9) U.S. private sector sales as compared to ten (10) U.S. private sector sales, one (1) U.S. military sale and six (6) international sales for 2014. The primary reason for this decline was the absence of international sales in 2015 as the Company focused on domestic and military sales.
International sales for 2014 were to distributors, and as such, had a lower sales price compared to non-international sales.
Due to the relatively long sales cycle for a Device, Device sales and related revenues and expenses can and will vary significantly from period to period.
Other Revenue
Retained royalties, for 2015, increased by 25% or $7,000, to $35,000 as compared with the $28,000 of retained royalties for 2014. The increase in royalties is primarily attributable to a one-time $17,000 royalty payment received in 2015.
Other income, for 2015, decreased 24% or $22,000 to $69,000 as compared with $91,000 for 2014. Other income includes:
In addition to the amounts in the preceding table, the Company received $45,000 in 2014 as partial settlement related to a legal judgment from a prior year. If this amount is excluded, other income for 2015 increased 50% or $23,000 over 2014.
Expenses
Total expenses, for 2015, increased 6% or $260,000 to $4,394,000 as compared with $4,134,000 for 2014.
Total operating expenses, for 2015, increased 16% or $462,000 to $3,415,000 as compared with $2,953,000 for 2014.
Selling expenses, for 2015, increased 18% or $38,000 to $251,000 compared with $213,000 for 2014. The increase primarily reflects a slightly higher commission rate for U.S. private sector sales.
Personnel and consulting expenses, for 2015, increased 24% or $332,000 to $1,700,000 as compared with $1,368,000 for 2014. Personnel expenses, for 2015, increased 4% or $33,000 to $955,000, as compared with $922,000 for 2014. Consulting expenses, for 2015, increased 67% or $298,000 to $745,000, as compared with $447,000 for 2014. The increase in consulting fees primarily relate to external marketing, sales and investment/funding consultants.
General and administrative expenses, for 2015, increased 7% or $92,000 to $1,463,000 as compared with $1,371,000 for 2014. The change reflects a net effect of:
(a)$124,000 decrease in travel expenses due to a reduction in executive travel;
(b)$319,000 increase in legal expenses due to an increase in litigation expense, primarily related to the GEOMC case;
(c)$61,000 increase in audit and tax services fees related to the deferral of activities from 2014 to 2015;
(d)$50,000 decrease in investor and public relations expenses;
(e)$2,000 decrease in directors’ fees and expenses;
(f)$112,000 decrease in other expenses, primarily bad debt expense.
Interest expense, for 2015, increased $13,000 to $977,000 as compared with $964,000 for 2014.
Other expense items, for 2015, decreased $229,000 to $3,000 as compared with $231,000 in 2014 due to various settlements of notes and warrants in 2014.
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments, for 2015, was $0 as compared with a $14,000 gain recorded for 2014.
In current and prior years, we generated significant federal and state income and alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) losses, and these net operating losses (“NOLs”) were carried forward for income tax purposes to be used against future taxable income. In the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we incurred additional losses but did not record a benefit since the benefit was fully reserved (see below).
The NOLs are an asset to us if we can use them to offset or reduce future taxable income and therefore reduce the amount of both federal and state income taxes to be paid in future years. Previously, since we were incurring losses and could not be sure that we would have future taxable income to be able to use the benefit of our NOLs, we recorded a valuation allowance against the asset, reducing its book value to zero. In 2015 and 2014, the benefit from our net loss was offset completely by a valuation allowance recorded against the asset. We did not show a benefit for income taxes. We will reverse the valuation allowance or portions thereof when we determine it is more likely than not that our NOL’s will be utilized. We have substantial federal and state NOLs and to use against future regular taxable income. In addition, we can use our NOLs to reduce our future AMT liability. A significant portion of the remaining NOLs at December 31, 2015, approximately $4,308,000, was derived from income tax deductions related to the stock options exercises. The tax effect of these deductions will be credited against capital in excess of par value at the time they are utilized for book purposes, and not credited to income. We will never receive a benefit for these NOLs in our statement of operations.
Financial Condition and Liquidity
Our liquidity requirements arise principally from our working capital needs, including funds needed to find and market new or existing technologies or products, and protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, if necessary. We fund our liquidity requirements with a combination of cash on hand and cash flows from operations, if any, including royalty legal awards, short term debt, and sales of common stock. At December 31, 2015, we had outstanding debt, in the form of promissory notes with a total principal amount of $4,653,000 and a carrying value of $4,339,000.
Our future cash requirements depend on many factors, including results of our operations and marketing efforts, results and costs of our legal proceedings, and our equity financing. To achieve and sustain profitability, we are implementing a corporate reengineering effort, which commenced on September 26, 2013 under the direction of the Company’s president & CEO, Mr. Conrad Mir. This plan design will change the inherent design of the current distributor network and focus on opportunities within the US Departments of Defense (the “DOD”) and Veterans Affairs (“VA”), and set out to upgrade the Company’s current U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) clearance designation for the Calmare Device to approval. Although we cannot be certain that we will be successful in these efforts, we believe the combination of our cash on hand and revenue from executing our strategic plan will be sufficient to meet our obligations of current and anticipated operating cash requirements.
At December 31, 2015, cash was $50,000, as compared with $6,000 at December 31, 2014. Net cash used in operating activities was $(1,531,000) for 2015 as compared to $(1,062,000) for 2014, primarily reflecting the increase in the net loss in 2015 compared to 2014, as well as increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses partially offset by decreases in inventory and prepaid expenses. There was minimal investing activity in 2015 and 2014. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,580,000 for 2015 as compared to $1,056,000 for 2014 primarily as a result of the Company’s debt financing activities in both years.
We currently have the benefit of using a portion of our accumulated NOLs to eliminate any future regular federal and state income tax liabilities. We will continue to receive this benefit until we have utilized all of our NOLs, federal and state. However, we cannot determine when and if we will be profitable and thus able to utilize the benefit of the remaining NOLs before they expire.
At December 31, 2015, we had aggregate federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $46,284,000, which expire at various times from 2017 through 2035. A majority of our federal NOLs can be used to reduce taxable income used in calculating our AMT liability. We also have state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $47,722,000 that expire through 2035.
A significant portion of the NOLs remaining at December 31, 2015, approximately $4,308,000, was derived from income tax deductions related to the exercise of stock options.
Going Concern
The Company has incurred operating losses since fiscal 2006 and has a working capital and shareholders’ deficiency at December 31, 2015. During 2015 and 2014, we had a significant concentration of revenues from our Calmare® pain therapy medical device technology. We continue to seek revenue from new and existing technologies or products to mitigate the concentration of revenues, and replace revenues from expiring licenses on other technologies.
Although we have taken steps to significantly reduce operating expenses going forward, even at these reduced spending levels, should the anticipated increase in revenue from sales of Calmare® medical devices and other technologies not occur, the Company may not have sufficient cash flow to fund operations through 2016. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
The Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its developing recurring revenue streams sufficient to cover operating costs. The Company does not have any significant individual cash or capital requirements in the budget going forward. If necessary, the Company will meet anticipated operating cash requirements by further reducing costs, issuing debt and /or equity, and / or pursuing sales of certain assets and technologies while we pursue licensing and distribution opportunities for our remaining portfolio of technologies. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in such efforts. To return to and sustain profitability, we must increase our revenue through sales of our Calmare Devices and other products and services related to the Devices. Our recent $15 million contract with the U.S. Government over five years will significantly improve our revenue streams. Failure to develop a recurring revenue stream sufficient to cover operating expenses would negatively affect the Company’s financial position.
Funding and Capital Requirements
Debt Financing
Notes payable as of December 31, 2015 consists of the following:
(1)Includes $2,588 of accrued loss on conversion of OID note.
90 day Convertible Notes
The Company has issued 90-day notes payable to borrow funds from a director, now the chairman of our Board, as follows:
These notes have been extended several times and all bear 6.00% simple interest. A conversion feature was added to the Notes when they were extended, which allows for conversion of the eligible principal amounts to common stock at any time after the six month anniversary of the effective date - the date the funds are received - at a rate of $1.05 per share. Additional terms have been added to all Notes to include additional interest of 1% simple interest per month on all amounts outstanding for all Notes if extended beyond their original maturity dates and to provide the lender with a security interest in unencumbered inventory and intangible assets of the Company other than proceeds relating to the Calmare Device and accounts receivable.
Due to the Board’s February 10, 2014 decision authorizing management to nullify certain actions taken by prior management, the additional terms noted above were not approved and therefore, the additional interest for the extension of the Notes was not recorded. During 2014, management has been in negotiations to modify the terms of the Notes. However, until those negotiations are resolved, the Company has agreed to honor the additional terms and as such, the Company recorded additional interest of approximately $388,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015.
A total of $485,980 of the aforementioned notes issued between December 1, 2012 and March 31, 2013 fall under the LPA with ASC Recap, and are expected to be repaid using the process as described in Note 11. Because there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in completing this process, the Company retains ultimate responsibility for this debt, until fully paid down. As a result, the Company continues to accrue interest on these notes and they remain convertible as described above.
24 month Convertible Notes
In March 2012, the Company issued a 24-month convertible promissory note to borrow $100,000. Additional 24-month convertible promissory notes were issued in April 2012 ($25,000) and in June 2012 ($100,000). All of the notes bear 6.00% simple interest. Conversion of the eligible principal amounts to common stock is allowed at any time after the six month anniversary of the effective date of each note at a rate of $1.05 per share.
As of March 31, 2016 the Company has not repaid the principal due on the March 2012 $100,000 note, the April 2012 $25,000 note, or the June 2012 $100,000 note and is in default under the terms of the notes. As of December 31, 2015, there is also $33,000 unpaid interest related to these notes.
10 day Note
In late December 2014, the Company issued a 10 day non-interest bearing note to a Board member in the amount of $42,500. This note was repaid in early January 2015.
Series A-3 Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During 2014, the Company did a private offering of a third tranche of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $64,706 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $55,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $9,706 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.25 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature.
The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 129,412 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a term of 2 years. The beneficial conversion feature, if any, and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
Series B-1 Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During 2014, the Company did a private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $80,000 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $65,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $15,000 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.35 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 185,714 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.45 and a 4-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The Series B-1 OID notes include an anti-dilution provision that if the Company issues more than 20 million shares of its common stock, subject to certain exceptions, the conversion price of the notes and the conversion price of the warrants would be subject to an automatic pre-determined price adjustment. During the quarter ended December 31, 2014 the Series B-1 OID noteholder and the Company agreed that this anti-dilution provision had been triggered and the Series B-1 OID note share conversion price was adjusted down to $0.23 per share, which increased the number of shares available upon conversion to 347,826. The anti-dilution provision in the Warrant changed the share purchase price downward to $0.33 per share but did not change the number of shares available under the Warrant.
	
Series B-2 OID Convertible Notes and Warrants
During 2014, the Company did a private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $358,824 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $305,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $53,824 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 897,060 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
During 2015, a holder of Series B-2 OID convertible notes and warrants delivered to the Company a notice of conversion related to the Series B-2 OID convertible notes, with a principal amount of $5,882. In 2015, the Company issued 29,410 shares due related to the conversion notice.
As of December 31, 2015, the remaining notes have passed their maturity date. The Company has not repaid the amounts due on these notes and is in default under the terms of the notes.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2015, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $302,353 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $257,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $45,353 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 755,882 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $705,882 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $600,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $105,882 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.25 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 1,411,764 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $470,588 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $400,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $70,588 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 1,176,470 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
Capital requirements
We continue to seek revenue from new technology licenses to mitigate the concentration of revenue, and replace revenue from expiring licenses. We have created a new business model for appropriate technologies that allows us to move beyond our usual royalty arrangement and share in the profits of distribution.
For 2015, we expect our capital expenditures to be less than $100,000.
Contractual Obligations and Contingencies
At December 31, 2015, our contractual obligations were:
Contractual Obligations
(1) The current lease expires February 2017.
(2) See Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Principal amount is $80,000 and is due in March 2017.
Contingencies. Our directors, officers, employees and agents may claim indemnification in certain circumstances. We seek to limit and reduce potential obligations for indemnification by carrying directors and officers liability insurance, subject to deductibles.
We also carry liability insurance, casualty insurance, for owned or leased tangible assets, and other insurance as needed to cover us against potential and actual claims and lawsuits that occur in the ordinary course of business.
Many of our license and service agreements provide that upfront license fees, license fees and/or royalties we receive are applied against amounts that our clients or we have incurred for patent application, prosecution, issuance and maintenance costs. We expense such costs as incurred, and reduce expense if reimbursed from future fees and/or royalties. If the reimbursement belongs to our client, we record no revenue or expense.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company and its majority owned subsidiary, Vector Vision, Inc. ("VVI"), have remaining obligations, contingent upon receipt of certain revenues, to repay up to $165,788 and $199,334, respectively, in consideration of grant funding received in 1994 and 1995. The Company also is obligated to pay at the rate of 7.5% of its revenues, if any, from transferring rights to certain inventions supported by the grant funds. VVI is obligated to pay at rates of 1.5% of its net sales of supported products or 15% of its revenues from licensing supported products, if any.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires that we make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, the reported amounts of revenue and expenses for the reporting period, and related disclosures. We base our estimates on information available at the time, and assumptions we believe are reasonable. By their nature, estimates, assumptions and judgments are subject to change at any time, and may depend on factors we cannot control. As a result, if future events differ from our estimates, assumptions and judgments, we may need to adjust or revise them in later periods.
We believe the following significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments we used in preparing our consolidated financial statements are critical to understanding our financial condition and operations.
Deferred tax assets. In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As a result of uncertainty of achieving sufficient taxable income in the future, a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax asset has been recorded. If these estimates and assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to reverse the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, which could result in additional income tax income.
Share-based compensation. We account for share-based compensation on a fair value basis. Share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized as expense over the service (vesting) period. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment, including, estimating the expected life of the stock option, volatility, and the amount of share-based awards that can be expected to be forfeited. Our estimates were based on our historical experience with stock option awards.
Related Party Transactions
Our board of directors determined that when a director's services are outside the normal duties of a director, we compensate the director at the rate of $1,000 per day, plus expenses, which is the same amount we pay a director for attending a one-day Board meeting. We classify these amounts as consulting expenses, included in personnel and consulting expenses.
At December 31, 2015, $2,598,980 of the outstanding Notes Payable, including interest, were payable to related parties; $2,498,980 to the Chairman of our Board, Peter Brennan, and $100,000 to another director, Stan Yarbro.
On September 15, 2015, the Company announced the appointment of Stephen J. D’Amato, M.D. as chief medical officer of the Company. During 2010, Calmar Pain Relief, LLC, purchased 10 Calmare devices from the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $550,000. Additionally, during 2015 and 2014, Calmar Pain Relief purchased certain supplies from the Company. Dr. D’Amato is one of the managing members of Calmar Pain Relief, LLC.
On October 15, 2015, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with VADM Robert T. Conway, Jr., U.S. Navy, (Ret) (the “Admiral”), a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. The agreement is for one year and includes compensation of a monthly retainer fee of $7,500 and a five-year warrant to purchase 167,000 shares of common stock of the Company, fully vested on the date of issuance, at a strike price of $.60 per share. As a result of this agreement, the Board of Directors has determined that the Admiral is no longer an independent director of the Company.
Item 7A.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not applicable for smaller reporting company.
Item 8.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated
Fairfield, CT
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ deficit and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated and Subsidiary at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated and Subsidiary will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 1, the Company has incurred operating losses since fiscal year 2006 and has a working capital and shareholders’ deficiency at December 31, 2015. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ Mayer Hoffman McCann CPAs
(The New York Practice of Mayer Hoffman McCann P.C.)
New York, New York
April 14, 2016
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Balance Sheets
See accompanying notes
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Operations
See accompanying notes
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Deficit
See accompanying notes
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
See accompanying notes
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
During 2015, the Company issued 29,410 shares of common stock upon conversion of notes (see Note 11).
During 2015, the Company issued 620,000 shares with a fair value of $111,200 to an advisory firm for consulting services.
During 2015, the Company issued 503,333 stock warrants for consulting services performed valued at $75,000.
During 2015, the Company allocated $354,632 of convertible note proceeds for the fair value of warrants and beneficial conversion feature to additional paid in capital.
During 2015, the Company issued 120,000 shares to an advisory firm for consulting services. The shares vested in two tranches, with 60,000 shares vesting in the quarter ended December 31, 2014 and remaining 60,000 shares vesting in the quarter ended March 31, 2015. The Company recorded consulting expenses of $10,800 in the quarter ended December 31, 2014 and $27,600 of consulting expenses in the quarter ended March 31, 2015. In each instance, the expense was based on the fair value on the vesting date.
During 2014, the Company issued 1,732,946 shares of common stock upon conversion of notes (see Note 11).
During 2014, the Company issued 60,000 shares of its common stock for consulting services at $0.17 per share.
During 2014, the Company issued 333,333 stock warrants for consulting services valued at $75,000.
During 2014, the Company allocated $121,741 of convertible note proceeds for the fair value of warrants and beneficial conversion feature to additional paid in capital.
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1.Business AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in 1971 as Competitive Technologies, Inc., succeeding an Illinois corporation incorporated in 1968. Effective August 20, 2014, the Company changed its name from Competitive Technologies, Inc. to Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated. The Company and its majority-owned (56.1%) subsidiary, Vector Vision, Inc., (collectively, "we,” “our,” or “us”), is a medical device company developing and commercializing innovative products and technologies for chronic neuropathic pain and wound care affliction patients. The Company’s flagship medical device, the Calmare® Pain Therapy Device (the “Calmare Device”), is the world’s only non-invasive and non-addictive modality that can successfully treat chronic, neuropathic pain.
In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement (the “2007 Agreement”) with Giuseppe Marineo (“Marineo”) and Delta Research and Development (“Delta”), Mr. Marineo’s wholly-owned company, collectively (the “Parties”), that secured the exclusive, worldwide sales and distribution rights to the science behind Calmare Pain Mitigation Therapy™ (the “Technology”). Today, this science is effectuated by the Company’s flagship medical device - the Calmare Device. Sales of our Calmare Device continue to be the major source of revenue for the Company. In 2011, the Company’s 2007 agreement was amended (the “2011 Amendment”) to extend the exclusivity rights afforded to the Company by the 2007 Agreement through March 31, 2016.
In July 2012, the Company and the Parties worked on a five-year extension to the 2011 Agreement (the “2012 Amendment”). However, the Company believes that the 2012 Amendment is neither valid nor enforceable as it was never duly signed or authorized and subsequently deemed null and void. Therefore, the Company’s rights are determined by the 2011 Amendment which provides the Company with the exclusive rights to manufacture and sell the Calmare Device worldwide using the Technology. The Company is negotiating an extension to the 2007 Agreement. (see The Company’s Distribution Rights, Marineo and Delta in Footnote 16, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES)
Since then the Company has entered into multiple sales agreements for the Calmare device. Sales to physicians and medical practices and to others with whom the Company had existing sales agreements continue to generate revenue for the Company. In June 15, 2010, the Company became a government contractor and was granted its first General Services Administration (“GSA”) contract (V797P-4300B) from the U.S. Veterans Administration (the “VA”) for Calmare Devices.
The Company has a device manufacturing agreement, (the “Manufacturing Agreement”), with GEOMC Co., Ltd. (“GEOMC”, formerly Daeyang E & C Co., Ltd.) of Seoul, South Korea, to manufacture the Calmare Device, as per the specification delineated in the Company’s Food and Drug Administration’s 510k clearance (#K081255). As per this “clearance,” the Company has the sole, irrevocable right to sell the Calmare Device in the United States and global reciprocity countries. The Manufacturing Agreement is in effect for a period of ten (10) years through 2017, subject to terms and conditions.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiary, Vector Vision, Inc. Inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Company has incurred operating losses since fiscal 2006 and has a working capital and shareholders’ deficiency at December 31, 2015. We continue to seek revenue from expansion of sales of the Calmare devices into new markets. At current reduced spending levels, the Company may not have sufficient cash flow to fund operations through 2016. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include adjustments to reflect the possible future effect of the recoverability and classification of assets or amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
The Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its developing other recurring revenue streams sufficient to cover operating costs. If necessary, we will meet anticipated operating cash requirements by further reducing costs, issuing debt or equity, and/or pursuing sales of certain assets and technologies while we continue to pursue increased sales of our Calmare devices. The Company does not have any significant capital requirements in the budget going forward. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in such efforts. To return to and sustain profitability, we must increase our revenue through sales of our Calmare Devices and other products and services related to the Devices. Our recent $15 million contract with the U.S. Government over five years will significantly improve our revenue streams. Failure to develop a recurring revenue stream sufficient to cover operating expenses would negatively affect the Company’s financial position.
Our liquidity requirements arise principally from our working capital needs, including funds needed to find and obtain new technologies or products, and protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, if necessary. We fund our liquidity requirements with a combination of cash on hand, debt and equity financing, and cash flows from operations, if any, including royalty legal awards. At December 31, 2015, we had outstanding debt, in the form of promissory notes with a total principal amount of $4,653,000 and a carrying value of $4,339,000.
2.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires that we make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ significantly from our estimates.
Revenue Recognition
We earn revenue in two ways: retained royalties from licensing our clients' and our own technologies to our customer licensees, and sales of finished products. We record revenue when the terms of the sales arrangement are accepted by all parties including a fee that is fixed and determinable, delivery has occurred and our customer has taken title, and collectability is reasonably assured, net of sales tax.
We are the primary obligor, responsible for delivering devices as well as for training our customers in the proper use of the device. We deal directly with customers, setting pricing and providing training; work directly with the inventor of the technology to develop specifications and any changes thereto and to select and contract with manufacturing partners; and retain significant credit risk for amounts billed to customers. Therefore, all product sales are recorded following a gross revenue methodology.
Revenue from foreign sources was 13% of total revenue in 2014. The Company received no revenue from foreign sources in 2015.
The Company continues to receive retained royalties as a result of the licensing of patents derived from the Company’s prior business model. We determine the royalty revenue for a given period from the cash we receive in that period. These revenues are declining as the Company no longer actively licenses patents and existing agreements are reaching the end of their term.
Unless otherwise specified, we record all other revenue, as earned.
Concentration of Revenues
Total revenue consists of revenue from product sales, retained royalties, and other income. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we derived approximately $891,500 or 89.5% of total revenue from sales of our Calmare devices. An additional 4% of revenue derived indirectly from those sales through sales of supplies and training, rental payments and the sale of rental assets.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we derived approximately $1,045,000 or 89.8% of total revenue from sales of our Calmare devices. An additional 4% of revenue derived indirectly from those sales through sales of supplies and training, rental payments and the sale of rental assets.
Expenses
Cost of product sales includes contractual payments to inventor and manufacturer relating to our Calmare Device. Expenses associated with shipping Devices are also included in cost of product sales.
Selling expenses include commission expenses and other direct sales costs related to sales of Calmare Devices.
Personnel and consulting expenses include employee salaries and benefits, marketing and consulting expenses related to technologies and specific revenue initiatives, and other direct costs.
General and administrative expenses include directors' fees and expenses, public company related expenses, professional services, including financing, audit and legal services, rent and other general business and operating expenses.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company believes the carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, deferred revenue, preferred stock liability and notes payable approximate fair value due to their short-term maturity.
Inventory
Inventory consists of finished product of our Calmare Device. Inventory is stated at lower of cost (first in, first out) and market.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repair are charged to expense as incurred. The costs of depreciable assets are charged to operations on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, three to five years for equipment, or the terms of the related lease for leasehold improvements. The cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization of property and equipment are removed from the accounts upon retirement or other disposition, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in earnings.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
We review our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying amount of the asset, we record an impairment loss. If a quoted market price is available for the asset or a similar asset, we use it to determine estimated fair value. We re-evaluate the remaining useful life of the asset and adjust the useful life accordingly. There were no impairment recorded during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under an asset and a liability approach that requires recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company's consolidated financial statements and income tax returns. The Company provides a valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets when it is considered more likely than not that all or a portion of such deferred income tax assets will not be realized.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
We calculate basic net income (loss) per share based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period without giving any effect to potentially dilutive securities. Net income (loss) per share, assuming dilution, is calculated giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period.
Share-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for its share-based compensation in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718 - “Compensation - Stock Compensation.” Accordingly, the Company recognizes compensation expense equal to the fair value of the stock awards at the time of the grant over the requisite service period.
Our accounting for share-based compensation has resulted in our recognizing non-cash compensation expense related to stock options granted to employees, which is included in personnel and consulting expenses, and stock options granted to our directors, which is included in general and administrative expenses.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as amended by ASU 2015-14, that outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue recognition and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The amendments in this accounting standard update are intended to provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues, improve comparability of revenue recognition practices, and improve disclosure requirements. The amendments in this accounting standard update are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted after December 31, 2016. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern, which provides guidance on management’s responsibility in evaluating whether there is substantial doubt about a company’s ability to continue as a going concern and the related footnote disclosure. For each reporting period, management will be required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about a company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date the financials are issued. When management identifies conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, the ASU also outlines disclosures that are required in the company’s footnotes based on whether or not there are any plans intended to mitigate the relevant conditions or events to alleviate the substantial doubt. The ASU becomes effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and for any annual and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory - Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which requires that inventory be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Prior to the issuance of the new guidance, inventory was measured at the lower of cost or market. Replacing the concept of market with the single measurement of net realizable value is intended to create efficiencies for preparers. Inventory measured using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method and the retail inventory method are not impacted by the new guidance. The ASU becomes effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods with those fiscal years. Early application is permitted. We do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
3.INCOME TAXES
In current and prior years, we generated significant federal and state income and alternative minimum tax losses, and these net operating losses ("NOLs") were carried forward for income tax purposes to be used against future taxable income.
A reconciliation of our effective income tax rate compared to the U.S. federal statutory rate is as follows:
Net deferred tax assets consist of the following:
At December 31, 2015, we had aggregate federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $46,284,000 which expire at various times from 2017 through 2035. A majority of our federal NOLs can be used to reduce taxable income used in calculating our alternative minimum tax liability. We also have state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $47,722,000 that expire at various times through 2035.
Approximately $4,308,000 of our NOL carryforward remaining at December 31, 2015 was derived from income tax deductions related to the exercise of stock options. The tax effect of these deductions will be credited against capital in excess of par value at the time they are utilized for book purposes, and not credited to income. We will never receive a benefit for these NOLs in our statement of operations.
Changes in the valuation allowance were as follows:
Our ability to derive future tax benefits from the net deferred tax assets is uncertain and therefore we continue to provide a full valuation allowance against the assets, reducing the carrying value to zero. We will reverse the valuation allowance if future financial results are sufficient to support a carrying value for the deferred tax assets.
At December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we had no uncertain tax positions.
We include interest and penalties on the underpayment of income taxes in income tax expense.
We file income tax returns in the United States and Connecticut. Our open tax years for review are fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 through year ended December 31, 2014. The Company's returns filed with Connecticut are subject to audit as determined by the statute of limitations.
4.NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
The following sets forth the denominator used in the calculations of basic net loss per share and net loss per share assuming dilution:
Due to the net loss incurred for the years ended December 31, 2015, and December 31, 2014, the denominator used in the calculation of basic net loss per share was the same as that used for net loss per share, assuming dilution, since the effect of any options, convertible preferred shares, convertible debt or warrants would have been anti-dilutive.
Potentially dilutive securities outstanding are summarized as follows:
5.SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY
Common Stock
During 2013, the Company entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (“EPA”) with Southridge Partners II, L.P. (“Southridge”). Under the terms of the EPA, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2013, Southridge will purchase, at the Company's election, up to $10,000,000 of the Company's registered common stock (the "Shares"). During the two year term of the EPA, the Company may at any time in its sole discretion deliver a "put notice" to Southridge thereby requiring Southridge to purchase a certain dollar amount of the Shares. Simultaneous with the delivery of such Shares, Southridge shall deliver payment for the Shares. Subject to certain restrictions, the purchase price for the Shares shall be equal to ninety percent of the lowest closing bid price for the Company's common stock during the ten-day trading period immediately after the Shares specified in the Put Notice are delivered to Southridge.
The number of Shares sold to Southridge shall not exceed the number of such shares that, when aggregated with all other shares of common stock of the Company then beneficially owned by Southridge, would result in Southridge owning more than 9.99% of all of the Company's common stock then outstanding. Additionally, Southridge may not execute any short sales of the Company's common stock.
Under the terms of the EPA, the Company had issued a convertible promissory note in the amount of $65,000 to Southridge which, during 2013 Southridge converted to 260,000 shares of common stock. In addition, during 2013, the Company negotiated a liabilities purchase agreement (“LPA”) with Southridge (see Note 11).
Under the terms of the LPA, the Company issued 200,000 shares of its common stock at $0.35, or $70,000, and a convertible note in the amount of $12,000 Southridge as a fee.
Additionally, under the terms of the EPA and LPA, the Company issued 250,000 shares of its common stock at $0.35, or $87,500, to Southridge for expenses associated with the EPA and LPA.
On August 14, 2014, the shareholders approved an amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation to effect up to a one-for-ten reverse stock split (the “Reverse Stock Split”) of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock. The Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, has discretion to implement the Reverse Stock Split. As of March 15, 2016, the Board of Directors has not implemented the Reverse Stock Split.
During 2014, the Company did a series of private offerings of its common stock and warrants, for consideration of $830,500. 4,152,500 shares of common stock were issued at a per share price of $0.20. The common stock holders were also issued warrants to purchase 2,076,250 shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 3-year term. The warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital.
During 2014, the Company issued 60,000 shares to a consulting firm for marketing services performed and recorded consulting expense of $10,200 for the fair value of the stock.
During 2014, the Company issued 333,333 stock warrants with a fair value of $75,000 for consulting services. The Company is amortizing $75,000 over the service period and recorded $37,500 of expense in 2014.
During 2015, the Company issued 500,000 shares with a fair value of $80,000 to an advisory firm for consulting services.
During 2015, the Company issued 120,000 shares to an advisory firm for consulting services. The shares vested in two tranches, with 60,000 shares vesting in 2014 and remaining 60,000 shares vesting in 2015. The Company recorded consulting expenses of $10,800 in 2014 and $27,600 of consulting expenses in 2015. In each instance, the expense was based on the fair value on the vesting date.
During 2015, the Company issued 503,333 stock warrants for consulting services performed and recorded consulting expense of $75,000 for the fair value of the warrants.
During 2015, the Company issued 120,000 shares to an advisory firm for consulting services. The Company recorded consulting expenses of $31,200 based on the fair value on the issuance date.
During 2015, the Company did private offerings of its common stock and warrants for a total consideration of $365,000. 1,825,000 shares of common stock were issued at a per share price of $0.20. The common stock holders were also issued warrants to purchase 912,500 shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital.
On October 15, 2015 the shareholders approved an increase in the number of authorized shares of common stock from 40 million to 100 million.
The Company issued 12,500 and 10,625 shares of its common stock to non-employee directors under its Director Compensation Plan in 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company recorded expense of $2,125 and $4,038 for director stock compensation expense in 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Preferred Stock
Holders of 5% preferred stock are entitled to receive, if, as, and when declared by the Board of Directors, out of funds legally available therefore, preferential non-cumulative dividends at the rate of $1.25 per share per annum, payable quarterly, before any dividends may be declared or paid upon or other distribution made in respect of any share of common stock. The 5% preferred stock is redeemable, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, on 30 days' notice, at the option of the Company, at a redemption price of $25. In the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, the holders of preferred stock are entitled to $25 per share in cash before any distribution of assets can be made to holders of common stock.
Each share of 5% preferred stock is entitled to one vote. Holders of 5% preferred stock have no preemptive or conversion rights. The preferred stock is not registered to be publicly traded.
At its December 2, 2010 meeting, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend distribution of one right (each, a “Right”) for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01, of the Company (the “Common Shares”). The dividend was payable to holders of record as of the close of business on December 2, 2010 (the “Record Date”). Issuance of the dividend may be triggered by an investor purchasing more than 20% of the outstanding shares of common stock.
On December 15, 2010 the Company issued a $400,000 promissory note. The promissory note was scheduled to mature on December 31, 2012 with an annual interest rate of 5%.
On December 15, 2010, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the issuance of 750 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock ($1,000 par value) with a 5% cumulative dividend to William R. Waters, Ltd. of Canada. On December 30, 2010, 750 shares were issued. The Company converted the above $400,000 promissory note into 400 shares and received cash of $350,000 for the remaining 350 shares.
Effective June 16, 2011, William R. Waters, Ltd. of Canada converted one half of its Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, or 375 shares, to 315,126 shares of common stock.
The rights of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock are as follows:
a) Dividend rights - The shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock accrue a 5% cumulative dividend on a quarterly basis and is payable on the last day of each fiscal quarter when declared by the Company’s Board. As of December 31, 2015 dividends declared were $103,200, of which $18,750 were declared during the year ended December 31, 2015 and $84,452 have not been paid and are shown in accrued and other liabilities at December 31, 2015.
b) Voting rights - Holders of these shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock shall have voting rights equivalent to 1,000 votes per $1,000 par value Series C Convertible Preferred share voted together with the shares of Common Stock
c) Liquidation rights - Upon any liquidation these Series C Convertible Preferred Stock shares shall be treated as equivalent to shares of Common stock to which they are convertible.
d) Conversion rights - Holder has right to convert each share of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock at any time into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price for each share of common stock equal to 85% of the lower of (1) the closing market price at the date of notice of conversion or (2) the mid-point of the last bid price and the last ask price on the date of the notice of conversion. The variable conversion feature creates an embedded derivative that was bifurcated from the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock on the date of issuance and was recorded at fair value. The derivative liability will be recorded at fair value on each reporting date with any change recorded in the Statement of Operations as an unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instrument.
On the date of conversion of the 375 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock the Company calculated the value of the derivative liability to be $81,933. Upon conversion, the $81,933 derivative liability was reclassified to equity.
The Company recorded a convertible preferred stock derivative liability of $66,177 associated with the 375 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding at both December 31, 2015 and 2014.
The Company has classified the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock as a liability at December 31, 2015 and 2014 because the variable conversion feature may require the Company to settle the conversion in a variable number of its common shares.
6.RECEIVABLES
Receivables consist of the following:
7.PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net, consist of the following:
Depreciation and amortization expense was $16,475 and $17,547 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
8.AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE AND EQUITY SECURITIES
In prior years, we acquired 3,129,509 shares of NTRU Cryptosystems, Inc. ("NTRU") common stock, and certain preferred stock that later was redeemed, in exchange for cash and a reduction in our future royalty rate on sales of NTRU's products. NTRU was a privately held company that sold encryption software for security purposes, principally in wireless markets. There was no public market for NTRU shares. In 2003, we wrote down the value of NTRU to $0, but we continued to own the shares. On July 22, 2009, all NTRU assets were acquired by Security Innovation, an independent provider of secure software located in Wilmington, MA. We received 223,317 shares of stock in the privately held Security Innovation for our shares of NTRU.
In September 2009 we announced the formation of a joint venture with Xion Corporation for the commercialization of our patented melanocortin analogues for treating sexual dysfunction and obesity. We received 60 shares of privately held Xion Pharmaceutical Corporation common stock in June 2010. CTI currently owns 30% of the outstanding stock of Xion Pharmaceutical Corporation.
9.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company measures fair value in accordance with Topic 820 of the FASB ASC, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), which provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are described as follows:
Level 1 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access.
Level 2 - Inputs to the valuation methodology include:
· Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
· Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;
· Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability;
· Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
The asset's or liability's fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
The Company values its derivative liability associated with the variable conversion feature on its Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (Note 5) based on the market price of its common stock. For each reporting period the Company calculates the amount of potential common stock that the Series C Preferred Stock could convert into based on the conversion formula (incorporating market value of our common stock) and multiplies those converted shares by the market price of its common stock on that reporting date. The total converted value is subtracted by the consideration paid to determine the fair value of the derivative liability. The Company classified the derivative liability of $66,000 at both December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation method is appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.
10.PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:
11.LIABILITIES ASSIGNED TO LIABILITY PURCHASE AGREEMENT
During the third quarter of 2013, the Company negotiated a LPA with Southridge. The LPA takes advantage of a provision in the Securities Act of 1933, Section 3(a)(10), that allows the exchange of claims, securities, or property for stock when the arrangement is approved for fairness by a court proceeding. The process, approved by the court in August 2013, has the potential to eliminate nearly $2.1 million of our financial obligations to existing creditors who agreed to participate and executed claims purchase agreements with Southridge’s affiliate ASC Recap accounting for $2,093,303 of existing payables, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and notes payable. The process began with the issuance in September 2013 of 1,618,235 shares of the Company’s common stock to ASC Recap. During September and October 2013, ASC Recap sold the Company’s common stock and during the three months ended March 31, 2014 paid creditors approximately $80,000 from the proceeds and retained a service fee of approximately $27,000. During 2014, the Company also made cash payments of $18,000 for accrued expenses previously included in the LPA amount. As of March 15, 2016, no further shares of the Company’s common stock had been issued to ASC Recap to settle creditors’ balances.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in completing this process with Southridge, and the Company retains ultimate responsibility for this debt, until fully paid.
12. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following:
Excluded above is approximately $217,000 of accrued expenses and other liabilities for both December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 that fall under the LPA with ASC Recap, and are expected to be repaid using the process as described in Note 11. Because there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in completing this process, the Company retains ultimate responsibility for these liabilities, until fully paid down.
As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, approximately $1,453,000 and $922,000, respectively, of accrued interest is to related parties.
13. NOTES PAYABLE
Notes payable consist of the following:
Details of notes payable as of December 31, 2015 are as follows:
(1)Includes $2,588 of accrued loss on conversion of OID note.
90 day Convertible Notes
The Company has issued 90-day notes payable to borrow funds from a director, now the chairman of our Board, as follows:
These notes have been extended several times and all bear 6.00% simple interest. A conversion feature was added to the Notes when they were extended, which allows for conversion of the eligible principal amounts to common stock at any time after the six month anniversary of the effective date - the date the funds are received - at a rate of $1.05 per share. Additional terms have been added to all Notes to include additional interest of 1% simple interest per month on all amounts outstanding for all Notes if extended beyond their original maturity dates and to provide the lender with a security interest in unencumbered inventory and intangible assets of the Company other than proceeds relating to the Calmare Device and accounts receivable.
Due to the Board’s February 10, 2014 decision authorizing management to nullify certain actions taken by prior management, the additional terms noted above were not approved and therefore, the additional interest for the extension of the Notes was not recorded. During 2014, management has been in negotiations to modify the terms of the Notes. However, until those negotiations are resolved, the Company has agreed to honor the additional terms and as such, the Company recorded additional interest of $388,000 and $602,000 during the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
A total of $485,980 of the aforementioned notes issued between December 1, 2012 and March 31, 2013 fall under the LPA with ASC Recap, and are expected to be repaid using the process as described in Note 11. Because there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in completing this process, the Company retains ultimate responsibility for this debt, until fully paid down. As a result, the Company continues to accrue interest on these notes and they remain convertible as described above.
24 month Convertible Notes
In March 2012, the Company issued a 24-month convertible promissory note to borrow $100,000. Additional 24-month convertible promissory notes were issued in April 2012 ($25,000) and in June 2012 ($100,000). All of the notes bear 6.00% simple interest. Conversion of the eligible principal amounts to common stock is allowed at any time at a rate of $1.05 per share.
As of March 15, 2016 the Company has not repaid the principal due on the March 2012 $100,000 note, the April 2012 $25,000 note or the June 2012 $100,000 note and is in default under the terms of the notes. There is also unpaid interest of $33,000 related to these notes.
10 day Note
In late December 2014, the Company issued a 10 day non-interest bearing note to a Board member in the amount of $42,500. This note was repaid in early January 2015.
Series A-3 Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, the Company did a private offering of a third tranche of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $64,706 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $55,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $9,706 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.25 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature.
The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 192,412 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price $0.60 and a term of 2 years. The beneficial conversion feature, if any, and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The beneficial conversion feature was valued at the intrinsic value on the issuance date. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock multiplied by the number of share into which the note is convertible. We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the issue date using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
The proceeds of the Notes were allocated to the components as follows:
During 2014, certain holders of Series A-3 OID convertible notes and warrants delivered to the Company a notice of conversion related to the Series A-3 OID convertible notes. Due to the timing of receipt of the notices by the Company, certain Note holders (“Noteholders”) received their shares during the quarter ended June 30, 2014, while other Noteholders received or are due to receive their shares after June 30, 2014. Additionally, the Company offered certain Noteholders an inducement to convert their notes to shares. The inducement, when offered, provided Noteholders a conversion price of $0.20. All other original terms, including the warrant terms, remained the same. Upon notice of conversion and irrespective of whether the shares were delivered in the quarter ended June 30, 2014 or subsequent to June 30, 2014 the Company: (i) accelerated and recognized as interest expense in the current period any remaining discount, and (ii) recognized a loss for the fair value of the additional shares offered as the conversion inducement.
Presented below is summary information related to the conversion:
During the quarter ended March 31, 2015, a holder of Series A-3 OID convertible notes and warrants delivered to the Company a notice of conversion related to the Series A-3 OID convertible notes. Additionally, the Company offered the Noteholder an inducement to convert these notes to shares. The inducement provided the Noteholder a conversion price of $0.20. All other original terms, including the warrant terms, remained the same. Upon notice of conversion, the Company: (i) accelerated and recognized as interest expense in the current period any remaining discount, and (ii) recognized a loss for the fair value of the additional shares offered as the conversion inducement. As of March 15, 2016, the Company had not issued the shares due related to the conversion notice.
Presented below is summary information related to the conversion:
Series B-1 Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, the Company did a private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $80,000 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $65,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $15,000 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.35 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 185,714 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.45 and a 4-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The beneficial conversion feature was valued at the intrinsic value on the issuance date. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock multiplied by the number of share into which the note is convertible. We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the issue date using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
The proceeds of the Notes were allocated to the components as follows:
The Series B-1 OID notes include an anti-dilution provision that if the Company issues more than 20 million shares of its common stock, subject to certain exceptions, the conversion price of the notes and the conversion price of the warrants would be subject to an automatic pre-determined price adjustment. During the quarter ended December 31, 2014 the Series B-1 OID noteholder and the Company agreed that this anti-dilution provision had been triggered and the Series B-1 OID note share conversion price was adjusted down to $0.23 per share, which increased the number of shares available upon conversion to 347,826. The anti-dilution provision in the Warrant changed the share purchase price downward to $0.33 per share but did not change the number of shares available under the Warrant.
As a result of the triggering of the above noted one time anti-dilution provision, the Company reallocated the proceeds of the Notes during the quarter ended December 31, 2014 as follows:
Series B-2 Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During the quarter ended December 31, 2014, the Company did private offerings of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $358,824 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $305,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $53,824 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 897,060 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The beneficial conversion feature was valued at the intrinsic value on the issuance date. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock multiplied by the number of share into which the note is convertible. We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the issue date using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
The proceeds of the Notes were allocated to the components as follows:
During the quarter ended June 30, 2015, a holder of Series B-2 OID convertible notes and warrants delivered to the Company a notice of conversion related to the Series B-2 OID convertible notes, with a principal amount of $5,882. In the quarter ended September 30, 2015, the Company issued 29,410 shares due related to the conversion notice.
As of December 31, 2015, the remaining notes have passed their maturity date. The Company has not repaid the amounts due on these notes and is in default under the terms of the notes.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2015, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $302,353 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $257,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $45,353 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 755,882 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The beneficial conversion feature was valued at the intrinsic value on the issuance date. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock multiplied by the number of shares into which the note is convertible. We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the issue date using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
The proceeds of the Notes were allocated to the components as follows:
During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $705,882 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $600,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $105,882 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.25 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 1,411,764 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The beneficial conversion feature was valued at the intrinsic value on the issuance date. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock multiplied by the number of shares into which the note is convertible. We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the issue date using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
The proceeds of the Notes were allocated to the components as follows:
During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $470,588 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $400,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $70,588 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 1,176,470 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 1-year term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
The beneficial conversion feature was valued at the intrinsic value on the issuance date. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock multiplied by the number of shares into which the note is convertible. We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the issue date using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
The proceeds of the Notes were allocated to the components as follows:
Tonaquint 9% Original Issue Discount Convertible Notes and Warrants
During the quarter ended September 30, 2013, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with Tonaquint, Inc., under which it was issued a $112,500 convertible promissory note in consideration for $100,000, the difference between the proceeds from the Note and the principal amount consisted of a $10,000 original issue discount and a carried transaction expense of $2,500. The original issue discount was being amortized over the life of the note. The note was convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.30 per share at any time, and contained a “down-round protection” feature that requires the valuation of a derivative liability associated with the note. The note bore interest at 7% and was due in May 2014. Tonaquint was also issued a market-related warrant for $112,500 in shares of common stock with a “cashless” exercise feature. The warrant had a $0.35 exercise price, a 5-year term and included a “down-round protection” feature that required it to be classified as a liability rather than as equity.
During the first quarter of 2014 the Company executed a debt settlement agreement with Tonaquint related to the note and warrant. The warrant was settled during the first quarter of 2014 for a cash payment of $98,000, resulting in a loss of $98,000. The note was settled during the second quarter of 2014 for cash payments totaling $144,000 ($20,000 paid in the first quarter of 2014 and $124,000 paid in the second quarter of 2014). Because the execution of the debt settlement agreement in the first quarter of 2014 resulted in a significant modification of the original terms of the note agreement, the Company adjusted the carrying value of the note in the first quarter of 2014 and recorded a related loss of approximately $34,000.
Southridge
During 2013, the Company issued a six-month $12,000 convertible note payable to Southridge to cover legal expenses as part of the LPA (see Note 11). The convertible note was convertible into the Company’s common stock at the greater of $0.25 or 85% of the average closing bid price during the five (5) trading days prior to conversion and was due in June 2014.
During the third quarter of 2014, the Company issued to Southridge 50,000 shares in exchange for and in full satisfaction for the note and recorded a $5,500 loss upon conversion of the note.
14. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
2011 Employees', Directors' and Consultants' Stock Option Plan - In May 2011, the Board of Directors approved a new option plan for employees, directors and consultants. Pursuant to this plan which is administered by a Committee appointed by the Board of Directors, we could grant to qualified employees, directors and consultants either incentive options or nonstatutory options (as defined by the Internal Revenue Service). The stock options granted per written option agreements approved by the Committee, must have exercise prices not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of our common stock on the date of the grant. Up to 2,000,000 common shares are available for grants under this plan. No options may be granted under this plan after December 31, 2015.
The following information relates to the 2011 Option Plan:
1997 Employee Stock Option Plan - Pursuant to our 1997 Employees' Stock Option Plan, as amended (the "1997 Option Plan"), we could grant to employees either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options (as defined by the Internal Revenue Service). The stock options had to be granted at exercise prices not less than 100% of the fair market value of our common stock at the grant date. The maximum life of stock options granted under this plan is ten years from the grant date. The Compensation Committee or the Board of Directors determined vesting provisions when stock options were granted, and stock options granted generally vested over three or four years. No options could be granted under this plan after September 30, 2007.
The following information relates to the 1997 Option Plan:
2000 Director's Stock Option Plan - Pursuant to our Directors' Stock Option Plan (the "Directors' Option Plan"), we could grant each non-employee director 10,000 fully vested, nonqualified common stock options when the director first is elected, and 10,000 common stock options on the first business day of January thereafter, as long as the individual is a director. All such stock options are granted at an option price not less than 100% of the fair market value of the common stock at the grant date. The maximum life of options granted under this plan is ten years from the grant date. No options could be granted after January 4, 2010.
The following information relates to the 2000 Directors' Stock Option Plan:
Summary of Common Stock Options - The total fair value of shares vested in the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 was $61,186 and $57,291, respectively, of non-cash compensation expense. Of these amounts, $53,223 and $46,113 was included in personnel and consulting expenses, from stock options granted to employees, and vesting during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Also $7,963 and $11,178 of noncash compensation expense was included in general and administrative expenses, from stock options granted to directors pursuant to the Directors Option Plan in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Since these stock options are fully vested upon grant, the full fair value of the stock options is recorded as expense at the date of grant.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company granted 42,500 options to non-employee directors which were fully vested upon issuance, as approved by the Board of Directors.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company granted 300,000 options to the former CFO. As approved by the Board of Directors, these options vest over a four (4) year period, with 60,000 options vested upon issuance and another 60,000 vested on his one-year anniversary. Because the former CFO is no longer employed by the Company as of January 8, 2016, 180,000 options will be cancelled and 120,000 vested options will expire 90 days from January 8, 2016, per the Option Agreement.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company granted 20,000 options to employees. As approved by the Board of Directors, these options vest over a four (4) year period, with 20% of the options vested upon issuance.
During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company granted 50,000 options to non-employee directors which were fully vested upon issuance, as approved by the Board of Directors.
During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company granted 300,000 options to the Company’s Chief Medical Officer. As approved by the Board of Directors, these options vest over a four (4) year period, with 60,000 options vested upon issuance.
We estimated the fair value of each option on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
(1) We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock since 1981, and currently do not have plans to pay or declare cash dividends. Consequently, we used an expected dividend rate of zero for the valuations.
(2) Estimated based on our historical experience. Volatility was based on historical experience over a period equivalent to the expected life in years.
(3) Based on the U.S. Treasury constant maturity interest rate with a term consistent with the expected life of the options granted.
A summary of the status of all our common stock options as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and changes during the periods then ended is presented below.
Generally, we issue new shares of common stock to satisfy stock option exercises.
15. 401(k) PLAN
We have an employee-defined contribution plan qualified under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Plan"), for all employees age 21 or over, and meeting certain service requirements. The Plan has been in effect since January 1, 1997. Participation in the Plan is voluntary. Employees may defer compensation up to a specific dollar amount determined by the Internal Revenue Service for each calendar year. We do not make matching contributions, and employees are not allowed to invest in our stock under the Plan.
Our directors may authorize a discretionary contribution to the Plan, allocated according to the provisions of the Plan, and payable in shares of our common stock valued as of the date the shares are contributed. No contributions were accrued or made in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Operating Leases -
Future minimum rental payments required under operating leases with remaining non-cancelable lease terms as of December 31, 2015 are as follows:
Total rental expense for all operating leases was:
Contingencies - Revenue based
As of December 31, 2015, the Company and its majority owned subsidiary, VVI, have remaining obligations, contingent upon receipt of certain revenues, to repay up to $165,788 and $199,334, respectively, in consideration of grant funding received in 1994 and 1995. The Company also is obligated to pay at the rate of 7.5% of its revenues, if any, from transferring rights to certain inventions supported by the grant funds. VVI is obligated to pay at rates of 1.5% of its net sales of supported products or 15% of its revenues from licensing supported products, if any.
Contingencies - The Company’s Distribution Rights, Marineo and Delta
On April 8, 2014, Mr. Giuseppe Marineo, Delta Research and Development (“Delta”), Mr. Marineo’s research company, and Delta International Services and Logistics (“DIS&L”), Delta’s commercial arm in which Mr. Marineo is the sole beneficiary of all proceeds as its founder and sole owner (collectively the “Group”), issued a press release (the “Group’s Press Release”) regarding the Company, stating that the Company did not have authority to sell, distribute and manufacture the Calmare Device as an exclusive agent of the Group. The Company issued a corporate response in a press release dated April 11, 2014 stating that the Group’s Press Release was inaccurate and has since been purged by the overseeing body of wire services.
This issue between the Company and the Group is over the validity of a 2012 Amendment to a Sales and Representation Agreement (the “Amendment”) which, if valid and enforceable, may have compromised its rights to sell, distribute and manufacture the Calmare Device as an exclusive agent of the Group in the global marketplace, especially in the European, Middle Eastern and North African (“EMENA”) territory which was responsible for approximately 70% of gross Calmare Device sales in 2011. However, the Company believes that the Amendment is neither valid nor enforceable as it was never duly signed or authorized and subsequently deemed null and void. Therefore, the parties’ rights are determined by an earlier agreement whereby the Company still possesses the authority to sell, distribute and manufacture Calmare Devices as a world-wide exclusive agent of the Group.
On April 16, 2014, counsel for the Group (“Group Counsel”) sent a cease and desist letter (“Cease and Desist Letter”) to the Company, requesting a confirmation that the Company would no longer hold itself out as an agent of the Group permitted to sell, distribute and manufacture Calmare Devices world-wide including the EMENA territory.
The Company responded on April 25, 2014 to the Cease and Desist Letter, disputing Group Counsel’s interpretation of the events surrounding the execution of the Amendment. At this time, the Company continues to work to find a reasonable and amicable resolution to the situation.
Contingencies - Litigation
Tim Conley (case pending) - On August 18, 2014, notice was issued to the Company that on June 23, 2014, Timothy Conley (the “Plaintiff”) filed a complaint against the Company, in the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island. The complaint alleges that the Company’s former acting interim CEO, Johnnie Johnson, and Plaintiff entered into an agreement whereby the Company agreed to make payments to Plaintiff. Among other allegations, Plaintiff claims that the Company’s nonpayment to Plaintiff constitutes a breach of contract. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the allegations and the Company intends to vigorously defend against the litigation.
GEOMC (case pending) - On August 22, 2014, GEOMC filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. The complaint alleges that the Company and GEOMC entered into a security agreement whereby in exchange for GEOMC’s sale and delivery of the Scrambler Therapy devices (the “Devices”), the Company would grant GEOMC a security interest in the Devices. Among other allegations, GEOMC claims that the Company has failed to comply with the terms of the security agreement and seeks an order to the Court to replevy the Devices or collect damages. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the allegations and the Company intends to vigorously defend against the litigation. On February 4, 2016, the Company announced that it is discussing a settlement with GEOMC, however, to date, no settlement has been reached.
Summary - We may be a party to other legal actions and proceedings from time to time. We are unable to estimate legal expenses or losses we may incur, if any, or possible damages we may recover, and we have not recorded any potential judgment losses or proceeds in our financial statements to date. We record expenses in connection with these suits as incurred.
An unfavorable resolution of any or all matters, and/or our incurrence of significant legal fees and other costs to defend or prosecute any of these actions and proceedings may, depending on the amount and timing, have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular period.
Unsigned Agreements
The Company uses two unrelated firms to provide marketing and investor relations services, CME Acuity (“CMEA”) and Legend Capital Management (“LCM”), respectively. The LCM and CMEA agreements were not signed due to an inability to come to final terms due to certain nuances in either agreement that included but were not limited to assignment of human capital and allowable performance based bonus(es). However, from the start date until December 31, 2015, the respective firms were being compensated for services rendered on a “pay-as-we go” basis (the “Arrangement”). The aforementioned Arrangement is expected to continue for the next few consecutive quarters until such time as their agreements can be consummated.
17. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Our board of directors determined that when a director's services are outside the normal duties of a director, we compensate the director at the rate of $1,000 per day, plus expenses, which is the same amount we pay a director for attending a one-day Board meeting. We classify these amounts as consulting expenses, included in personnel and consulting expenses.
At December 31, 2015, $2,598,980 of the outstanding Notes were payable to related parties; $2,498,980 to the chairman of our Board, Peter Brennan, and $100,000 to another director, Stan Yarbro.
On September 15, 2015, the Company announced the appointment of Stephen J. D’Amato, M.D. as chief medical officer of the Company. During 2010, Calmar Pain Relief, LLC, purchased 10 Calmare devices from the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $550,000. Additionally, during 2015 and 2014, Calmar Pain Relief purchased certain supplies from the Company. Dr. D’Amato is one of the managing members of Calmar Pain Relief, LLC.
On October 15, 2015, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with VADM Robert T. Conway, Jr., U.S. Navy, (Ret) (the “Admiral”), a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. The agreement is for one year and includes compensation of a monthly retainer fee of $7,500 and a five-year warrant to purchase 167,000 shares of common stock of the Company, fully vested on the date of issuance, at a strike price of $.60 per share. As a result of this agreement, the Board of Directors has determined that the Admiral is no longer an independent director of the Company.
18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On January 8, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company determined that it would not be continuing to employ Ian Rhodes as the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Rhodes’ termination from employment was effective on January 8, 2016. Mr. Rhodes termination did not result from disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to the Company’s operations, policies or practices.
On January 11, 2016, the Company appointed Thomas P. Richtarich as Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Mr. Richtarich served as a consultant to the Company prior to being hired as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. Initially, the Company provided Mr. Richtarich with the compensation he received as a consultant equal to $9,500 per month plus expenses. On April 11, 2016, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Richtarich. Under the terms of the agreement, Mr. Richtarich will receive an annual base salary of $150,000 and will be eligible for an annual bonus of 40% of the base salary, subject to the attainment of mutually agreed upon milestones. In addition, Mr. Richtarich will be granted 300,000 stock options that will be subject to an equity plan that the Company intends to establish in the near term. These options will vest over a five (5) year period.
On January 15, 2016, the Company appointed Dr. Christine Chansky, M.D., J.D., F.C.L.M. as its chief regulatory officer (CRO). As part of her duties, she will spearhead all of the Clinical studies sponsored by the Company and oversee all global regulatory issues related to the Company’s medical device practice. On January 15, 2016, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Chansky. Under the terms of the agreement, Dr. Chansky will receive an annual base salary of $185,000 and will be eligible for an annual bonus of 40% of the base salary, subject to the attainment of mutually agreed upon milestones. In addition, Dr. Chansky will be granted 300,000 stock options that will be subject to an equity plan that the Company intends to establish in the near term. These options will vest over a five (5) year period.
On February 18, 2016, the Company announced it has been issued a general supply order contract from the U.S. Government (GSA contract number #V797P-4300B). The Company estimates this contract will total $15 million over the next 60 months.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2016, the Company did an additional private offering of convertible notes and warrants, under which it issued $705,882 of convertible promissory notes for consideration of $600,000, the difference between the proceeds from the notes and principal amount consists of $105,882 of original issue discount. The notes are convertible at an initial conversion price of $0.20 per share any time after issuance thereby having an embedded beneficial conversion feature. The note holders were also issued market-related warrants for 7,058,824 in shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.60 and a 6-month term. The beneficial conversion feature and the warrants were recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The Company allocated the proceeds received to the notes, the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants on a relative fair value basis at the time of issuance. The total debt discount is amortized over the life of the notes to interest expense.
During April, 2016, the Company issued 261,943 shares of common stock to Conrad Mir, its President & CEO, as payment for unpaid bonus and unused vacation amounts from 2015, per the Board of Directors. 100% of the stock vested immediately.
Item 9.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures
N/A
Item 9A.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including the Company’s chief executive officer ("CEO"), and chief financial officer ("CFO"), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Each fiscal quarter the Company carries out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company’s CEO, and CFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based on this evaluation, our management, with the participation of the CEO, and CFO, concluded that, as of December 31, 2015, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the year ended December 31, 2015, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). A system of internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO, and CFO, we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this evaluation, our management, with the participation of the CEO, and CFO, concluded that, as of December 31, 2015, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company's independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by the Company's independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management's report in this annual report.
Item 9B.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement (Schedule 14A) for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015. The information can be found under the headings “Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” “Executive Officers and Executive Compensation,” “Director Compensation,” and “Beneficial Ownership of Shares,” and is incorporated herein by reference.
We have adopted a Code of Conduct that applies to our officers, directors and employees which is available on our internet website at www.competitivetech.net. The Code of Conduct contains general guidelines for conducting the business of our company consistent with the highest standards of business ethics, and is intended to qualify as a “code of ethics” within the meaning of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Item 406 of Regulation S-K. In addition, we intend to promptly disclose (1) the nature of any amendment to our Code of Conduct that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions and (2) the nature of any waiver, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of our code of ethics that is granted to one of these specified officers, the name of such person who is granted the waiver and the date of the waiver on our website in the future.
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.
Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.
Item 14.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) List of financial statements and schedules.
The following consolidated financial statements of Calmare Therapeutics Incorporated and Subsidiary are included herein by reference to the pages listed in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data":
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Deficit for the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b) List of exhibits: See Exhibit Index immediately preceding exhibits.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CALMARE THERAPEUTICS INCORPORATED (the registrant)
By /s/ Conrad Mir
Conrad Mir
President and Chief Executive Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Executive Officer)
Date: April 14, 2016
By /s/ Thomas P. Richtarich
Thomas P. Richtarich
Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)
Date: April 14, 2016
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name
Title ) Date
)
/s/ Conrad Mir
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer ) April 14, 2016
Conrad Mir
(Principal Executive Officer) )
/s/ Thomas P. Richtarich
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial
April 14, 2016
Thomas P. Richtarich
Officer)
/s/ Peter Brennan
Chairman ) April 14, 2016
Peter Brennan
)
/s/ Carl D. O’Connell
Director
April 14, 2016
Carl D. O’Connell
/s/ Rustin Howard
Director ) April 14, 2016
Rustin Howard
)
/s/ Stanley K. Yarbro
Director ) April 14, 2016
Stanley K. Yarbro
)
/s/ Steve Roehrich
Director ) April 14, 2016
Steve Roehrich
)
/s/ VADM Robert T. Conway, Jr.
Director
April 14, 2016
VADM Robert T. Conway, Jr.
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No.
Description
3.1
Unofficial restated certificate of incorporation of the registrant as amended to date filed (on April 1, 1998) as Exhibit 4.1 to registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File Number 333-49095 and hereby incorporated by reference.
3.2
By-laws of the registrant as amended, filed (on December 12, 2005) as Exhibit 3.2 to registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 2005 and amended pursuant to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 31, 2012 , and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.3*
Registrant's 2000 Directors Stock Option Plan as amended January 24, 2003, filed (on January 29, 2003) as Exhibit 4.4 to registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File Number 333-102798 and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.5*
Registrant's 1997 Employees' Stock Option Plan as amended January 14, 2005, filed (on January 21, 2005) as Exhibit 4.3 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.14
Employment Agreement dated February 2, 2007 between registrant and John B. Nano, filed (on February 6, 2007) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 6, 2007, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.20
Distribution Agreement between the registrant and Life Episteme srl, dated February 24, 2009 filed (on February 26, 2009) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K Dated February 26, 2009, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.22
License Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and Daeyand E&C Co., Ltd. (now GEOMC Co., Ltd.), dated September 25, 2007. filed (on March 4, 2011) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 4, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.23
Distributor Appointment Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and GEOMC Co., Ltd. dated August 22, 2008 granting rights in South Korea, filed (on March 4, 2011) as Exhibit 10.2 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 4, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.24
Memorandum of understanding between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and GEOMC Co., Ltd. dated January 18, 2010, filed (on March 4, 2011) as Exhibit 10.3 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 4, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.25
Distributor Appointment Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and GEOMC Co., Ltd. dated February 4, 2011 granting rights in Japan filed (on March 4, 2011) as Exhibit 10.4 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 4, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.27
Lease Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and 1375 Kings Highway LLC dated November 22, 2010, and filed (February 11, 2011) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 11, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference
10.28
Registration Rights Agreement dated December 2, 2010 and filed (December 14, 2010) as Exhibit 4.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 14, 2010, and hereby incorporated by reference
10.29
Preferred Stock Certification for Class C Convertible Preferred Stock issued December 30, 2011, and filed as Exhibit 4.1 to registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2010 filed on February 20, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.30
Settlement Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and Life Episteme srl (LEG) dated March 31, 2011 and filed (April 18, 2011) as Exhibit 10.2 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 18, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference
10.31
Distribution Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and Life Episteme Italia dated March 31, 2011 and filed (April 18, 2011) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 18, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference
10.35
Amended, Restated and Extended Services and Representation Agreement among Competitive Technologies, Inc., Professor Giuseppe Marineo, and Delta Research & Development dated May 24, 2011 and effective April 1, 2011, and filed (May 31, 2011) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 31, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.36
2011 Employees' Directors' and Consultants' Stock Option Plan dated May 2, 2011, and filed as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 dated May 26, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.37
Factoring Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and Versant Funding LLC Entered into on September 28, 2011 and Effective September 9, 2011, filed (October 3, 2011) as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 3, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.38
Security Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and Versant Funding LLC Entered into on September 28, 2011 and Effective September 9, 2011, and filed (October 3, 2011) as Exhibit 10.2 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 3, 2011, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.39
Settlement Agreement between Competitive Technologies, Inc. and John B. Nano dated January 24, 2012, and filed Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 1, 2012, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.40
Amended, Restated and Extended Services and Representation Agreement among Competitive Technologies, Inc., Professor Giuseppe Marineo, and Delta Research & Development dated July 3, 2012, and filed as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 6, 2012, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.41
Carl O’Connell Employment Agreement effective October 25, 2012, and filed as Exhibit 10.1 to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 31. 2012, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.42
Factoring and Security Agreement with LSQ Funding, LLC effective September 18, 2012, and filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K dated May 31, 2013, and hereby incorporated by reference.
10.43
Conrad Mir Employment Agreement, effective October 1, 2013.
10.44^
Dr. Christine Chansky Employment Agreement, effective January 15, 2016.
10.45^
Thomas P. Richtarich Employment Agreement, effective April 11, 2016.
Subsidiary of registrant, and filed as Exhibit 21 to registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K dated April 16, 2012, and hereby incorporated by reference
31.1^
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a)).
32.1^
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Competitive Technologies, Inc. pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350).
101^
Interactive Data Files.
* Management Contract or Compensatory Plan
^ Filed herewith
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