ITEM 1. Business.
General Development of Business
Hexcel Corporation, founded in 1946, was incorporated in California in 1948, and reincorporated in Delaware in 1983. Hexcel Corporation and its subsidiaries (herein referred to as “Hexcel”, “the Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), is a leading advanced composites company. We develop, manufacture, and market lightweight, high-performance structural materials, including carbon fibers, specialty reinforcements, prepregs and other fiber-reinforced matrix materials, honeycomb, adhesives, engineered honeycomb and composite structures, for use in Commercial Aerospace, Space & Defense and Industrial markets. Our products are used in a wide variety of end applications, such as commercial and military aircraft, space launch vehicles and satellites, wind turbine blades, automotive, a wide variety of recreational products and other industrial applications.
We serve international markets through manufacturing facilities, sales offices and representatives located in the Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe and Russia. We are also a partner in a joint venture in Malaysia, which manufactures composite structures for Commercial Aerospace applications and a joint venture in the UK which specializes in lightweight multi-axial fabrics.
Narrative Description of Business and Segments
We are a manufacturer of products within a single industry: Advanced Composites. Hexcel has two reportable segments, Composite Materials and Engineered Products. The Composite Materials segment is comprised of our carbon fiber, specialty reinforcements, resins, prepregs and other fiber-reinforced matrix materials, and honeycomb core product lines. The Engineered Products segment is comprised of lightweight high strength composite structures, molded components, engineered core and honeycomb products with added functionality.
The following summaries describe the ongoing activities related to the Composite Materials and Engineered Products segments as of December 31, 2014.
Composite Materials
The Composite Materials segment manufactures and markets carbon fibers, fabrics and specialty reinforcements, prepregs and other fiber-reinforced matrix materials, structural adhesives, honeycomb, molding compounds, tooling materials, polyurethane systems and laminates that are incorporated into many applications, including military and commercial aircraft, wind turbine blades, recreational products, transport (cars, boats, trains) and other industrial applications.
The following table identifies the principal products and examples of the primary end-uses from the Composite Materials segment:
Carbon Fibers: HexTow® carbon fibers are manufactured for sale to third-party customers as well as for our own use in manufacturing certain reinforcements and composite materials. Carbon fibers are woven into carbon fabrics, used as reinforcement in conjunction with a resin matrix to produce pre-impregnated composite materials (referred to as “prepregs”). Carbon fiber is also used in filament winding, hand layup, automatic tape layup and advanced fiber placement to produce finished composite components. Key product applications include structural components for commercial and military aircraft, space launch vehicles, and certain other applications such as recreational and industrial equipment.
Fabrics and Specialty Reinforcements: HexForce® fabrics and specialty reinforcements are made from a variety of fibers, including carbon, aramid and other high strength polymers, several types of fiberglass, quartz, ceramic and other specialty fibers. These reinforcements are used in the production of prepregs and other matrix materials used in primary and secondary structural aerospace applications such as wing components, horizontal and vertical stabilizer components, fairings, radomes and engine fan blades and cases, engine nacelles as well as overhead storage bins and other interior components. Our reinforcements are also used in the manufacture of a variety of industrial and recreational products such as wind energy blades, automotive components, oil exploration and production equipment, boats, surfboards, skis and other sporting goods equipment.
Prepregs: HexPly® prepregs are manufactured for sale to third-party customers and for internal use by our Engineered Products segment in manufacturing composite laminates and monolithic structures, including finished components for aircraft structures and interiors. Prepregs are manufactured by combining high-performance reinforcement fabrics or unidirectional fibers with a resin matrix to form a composite material that, when cured, has exceptional structural properties not present in either of the constituent materials. Prepreg reinforcements include glass, carbon, aramid, quartz, ceramic and other specialty fibers. Resin matrices include bismaleimide, cyanate ester, epoxy, phenolic, polyimide and other specialty resins.
Other Fiber-Reinforced Matrix Materials: Fiber reinforced matrix developments include HexMC®, a form of quasi-isotropic carbon fiber prepreg that enables small to medium sized complex-shaped composite components to be mass produced. HexTOOL® is a specialized form of HexMC® for use in the cost-effective construction of high temperature resistant composite tooling. HexFIT® film infusion material is a product that combines resin films and dry fiber reinforcements to save lay-up time in production and enables the manufacture of large contoured composite structures, such as wind turbine blades.
Resins: HexFlow® polymer matrix materials are sold in liquid and film form for use in direct process manufacturing of composite parts. Resins can be combined with fiber reinforcements in manufacturing processes such as resin transfer molding (RTM), resin film infusion (RFI) or vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) to produce high quality composite components for both aerospace and industrial applications, without the need for customer investment in autoclaves.
Structural Adhesives: We manufacture and market a comprehensive range of Redux® film and paste adhesives. These structural adhesives, which bond metal to metal and composites and honeycomb structures, are used in the aerospace industry and for many industrial applications.
Honeycomb: HexWeb® honeycomb is a lightweight, cellular structure generally composed of a sheet of nested hexagonal cells. It can also be manufactured in over-expanded and asymmetric cell configurations to meet special design requirements such as contours or complex curvatures. Honeycomb is primarily used as a lightweight core material and acts as a highly efficient energy absorber. When sandwiched between composite or metallic facing skins, honeycomb significantly increases the stiffness of the structure, while adding very little weight.
We produce honeycomb from a number of metallic and non-metallic materials. Most metallic honeycomb is made from aluminum and is available in a selection of alloys, cell sizes and dimensions. Non-metallic materials used in the manufacture of honeycomb include fiberglass, carbon fiber, thermoplastics, non-flammable aramid papers, aramid fiber and other specialty materials.
We sell honeycomb as standard blocks and in slices cut from a block. Honeycomb is also supplied as sandwich panels, with facing skins bonded to either side of the core material. Honeycomb is also used in Acousti-Cap® where a non-metallic permeable cap material is embedded into honeycomb core that is used in aircraft engine nacelles to dramatically reduce noise during takeoff and landing without adding a structural weight penalty. Aerospace is the largest market for honeycomb products. We also sell honeycomb for non-aerospace applications including automotive parts, sporting goods, building panels, high-speed trains and mass transit vehicles, energy absorption products, marine vessel compartments, and other industrial uses. In addition, we produce honeycomb for our Engineered Products segment for use in manufacturing finished parts for airframe Original Equipment Manufacturers (“OEMs”).
The following table identifies the key customers and the major manufacturing facilities of the Composite Materials segment:
Net sales for the Composite Materials segment to third-party customers were $1,420.9 million in 2014, $1,286.9 million in 2013 and $1,230.9 million in 2012, which represented 77%, of our net sales each year. Net sales for composite materials are highly dependent upon the number of large commercial aircraft produced as further discussed under the captions “Significant Customers”, “Markets” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. In addition, about 5% of our total production of composite materials in 2014 was used internally by the Engineered Products segment.
The Composites Materials segment acquired a 50% ownership interest in a UK joint venture, Formax UK Limited on December 15, 2014. The joint venture is a leading manufacturer of composite reinforcements, specializing in lightweight multi-axial fabrics. Formax had estimated revenues of $45 million in 2014.
Engineered Products
The Engineered Products segment manufactures and markets composite structures and precision machined honeycomb parts primarily for use in the aerospace industry. Composite structures are manufactured from a variety of composite and other materials, including prepregs, honeycomb, structural adhesives and advanced molding materials, using such manufacturing processes as autoclave processing, multi-axis numerically controlled machining, heat forming, compression molding and other composite manufacturing techniques.
The following table identifies the principal products and examples of the primary end-uses from the Engineered Products segment:
Net sales for the Engineered Products segment to third-party customers were $434.6 million in 2014, $391.3 million in 2013, and $347.3 million in 2012, which represented 23% of our net sales each year.
The Engineered Products segment has a 50% ownership interest in a Malaysian joint venture, Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. (“ACM”) with Boeing Worldwide Operations Limited. Under the terms of the joint venture agreement, Hexcel and The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) have transferred the manufacture of certain semi-finished composite components to this joint venture. Hexcel purchases the semi-finished composite components from the joint venture, and inspects and performs additional skilled assembly work before delivering them to Boeing. The joint venture also manufactures composite components for other aircraft component manufacturers. ACM had revenue of $64 million in 2014, and $62 million and $59 million in 2013 and 2012, respectively.
The following table identifies the key customers and the major manufacturing facilities of the Engineered Products segment:
Financial Information About Segments and Geographic Areas
Financial information and further discussion of our segments and geographic areas, including external sales and long-lived assets, are contained under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Note 16 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Significant Customers
Approximately 32%, 34% and 29% of our 2014, 2013 and 2012 net sales, respectively, were to Boeing and related subcontractors. Of the 32% of overall sales to Boeing and its subcontractors in 2014, 28% related to Commercial Aerospace market applications and 4% related to Space & Defense market applications. Approximately 31%, 29% and 28% of our 2014, 2013 and 2012 net sales, respectively, were to Airbus Group and its subcontractors. Of the 31% of overall sales to Airbus Group and its subcontractors in 2014, 27% related to Commercial Aerospace market applications and 4% related to Space & Defense market applications.
Markets
Our products are sold for a broad range of end-uses. The following tables summarize our net sales to third-party customers by market and by geography for each of the three years ended December 31:
(a)
Net sales by geography based on the location in which the product sold was manufactured.
(b)
Net sales to external customers based on the location to which the product sold was delivered.
Commercial Aerospace
The Commercial Aerospace industry is our largest user of advanced composites. Commercial Aerospace represented 66% of our 2014 net sales. Approximately 85% of these revenues can be identified as sales to Airbus, Boeing and their subcontractors for the production of commercial aircraft. The remaining 15% of these revenues were for regional and business aircraft. The economic benefits airlines can obtain from weight savings in both fuel economy and aircraft range, combined with the design enhancement that comes from the advantages of advanced composites over traditional materials, have caused the industry to be the leader in the use of these materials. While military aircraft and spacecraft have championed the development of these materials, Commercial Aerospace has had the greater production volumes and has commercialized the use of these products. Accordingly, the demand for advanced structural material products is closely correlated to the demand for new commercial aircraft.
The use of advanced composites in Commercial Aerospace is primarily in the manufacture of new commercial aircraft. The aftermarket for these products is very small as many of these materials are designed to last for the life of the aircraft. The demand for new commercial aircraft is driven by two principal factors, the first of which is airline passenger traffic (the number of revenue passenger miles flown by the airlines) which affects the required size of airline fleets. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) estimates 2014 revenue passenger miles were 5.8% higher than 2013. Growth in passenger traffic requires growth in the size of the fleet of commercial aircraft operated by airlines worldwide.
A second factor, which is less sensitive to the general economy, is the replacement rates for existing aircraft. The rates of retirement of passenger and freight aircraft, resulting mainly from obsolescence, are determined in part by the regulatory requirements established by various civil aviation authorities worldwide as well as public concern regarding aircraft age, safety and noise. These rates may also be affected by the desire of the various airlines to improve operating costs with higher payloads and more fuel-efficient aircraft (which in turn is influenced by the price of fuel) and by reducing maintenance expense. In addition, there is expected to be
increasing pressure on airlines to replace their aging fleet with more fuel efficient and quieter aircraft to be more environmentally responsible. When aircraft are retired from commercial airline fleets, they may be converted to cargo freight aircraft or scrapped.
An additional factor that may cause airlines to defer or cancel orders is their ability to obtain financing, including leasing, for new aircraft orders. This will be dependent both upon the financial health of the airline operators, as well as the overall availability of financing in the marketplace.
Each new generation of commercial aircraft has used increasing quantities of advanced composites, replacing metals. This follows the trend previously seen in military fighter aircraft where advanced composites may now exceed 50% of the weight of the airframe. Early versions of commercial jet aircraft, such as the Boeing 707, which was developed in the early 1950’s, contained almost no composite materials. One of the first commercial aircraft to use a meaningful amount of composite materials, the Boeing 767 entered into service in 1983, and was built with an airframe containing approximately 6% composite materials. The airframe of Boeing’s 777 aircraft, which entered service in 1995, is approximately 11% composite. The Airbus A380, which was first delivered in 2007, has approximately 23% composite content by weight. Boeing’s latest aircraft, the B787, which entered into service in September 2011, has a content of more than 50% composite materials by weight. The Airbus A350 XWB (“A350”) which has a composite content of 53% by weight was first delivered to launch customer Qatar Airways in December 2014. In 2011, both Airbus and Boeing announced new versions of their narrow body aircraft which will have new engines. Airbus’s A320neo had its first flight in September 2014 and is expected to enter service in the fourth quarter of 2015 and Boeing’s B737 MAX in 2017. In 2014, Airbus announced a new version of its A330, the A330neo, which will have new engines, and Boeing announced the B777X, a new version of the B777 with composite wings and new engines. It is expected that these new aircraft will offer more opportunities for composite materials than their predecessors, as the Commercial Aerospace industry continues to utilize a greater proportion of advanced composite materials with each new generation of aircraft. We refer to this steady expansion of the use of composites in aircraft as the “secular penetration of composites” as it increases our average sales per airplane over time.
The impact on Hexcel of Airbus and Boeing’s production rate changes is typically influenced by two factors: the mix of aircraft produced and the inventory supply chain effects of increases or reductions in aircraft production. We have products on all Airbus and Boeing planes. The dollar value of our materials varies by aircraft type - twin aisle aircraft use more of our materials than narrow body aircraft and newer designed aircraft use more of our materials than older generations. On average, for established programs, we deliver products into the supply chain about six months prior to aircraft delivery, with a range between one and eighteen months depending on the product. For aircraft that are in the development or ramp-up stage, such as the A350, A320neo, B737 MAX, A330neo and the B777X, we will have sales as much as several years in advance of the delivery. Increased aircraft deliveries combined with the secular penetration of composites resulted in our Commercial Aerospace revenues increasing by approximately 12% in 2014 and 15% in 2013 and 2012.
Set forth below are historical aircraft deliveries as announced by Airbus and Boeing:
Approximately 85% of our Commercial Aerospace revenues can be identified as sales to Airbus, Boeing and their subcontractors for the production of commercial aircraft. Airbus and Boeing combined deliveries in 2014 were 1,352 aircraft, surpassing the previous high of 1,274 in 2013. Based on Airbus and Boeing public estimates, the combined deliveries in 2015 are expected to be higher than 2014. In 2014, the combined net orders reported by Airbus and Boeing were for 2,888 planes, bringing their backlog at December 31, 2014 to 12,175 planes - the highest in history. The balance of our Commercial Aerospace sales is related to regional and business aircraft manufacture, and other commercial aircraft applications. These applications also exhibit increasing utilization of composite materials with each new generation of aircraft. Regional and business aircraft sales of $180.6 million in 2014 were higher than the $161.7 million in sales in 2013.
Space & Defense
The Space & Defense market has historically been an innovator in the use of, and source of significant demand for, advanced composites. The aggregate demand by Space & Defense customers is primarily a function of procurement of military aircraft that utilize advanced composites by the United States and certain European governments, as well as that we include both commercial and military helicopters in this market. We are currently qualified to supply materials to a broad range of over 100 helicopter, military aircraft and space programs. The top ten programs by revenues represent about 55% of our Space & Defense revenues and no one program exceeds 10% of our revenues in this market. Rotorcraft (commercial and military) accounted for just under 60% of Space &
Defense sales in 2014. Key programs include the V-22 (Osprey) tilt rotor aircraft, A400M military transport, Blackhawk, (joint strike fighter or JSF), AH-64 Apache, C-17, European Fighter Aircraft (Typhoon), S76, F/A-18E/F (Hornet), CH-53 Super Stallion, NH90, and Tiger helicopters. In addition, our Engineered Products segment provides specialty value added services such as machining, sub-assembly, and even full blade manufacturing. The sales that we obtain from these programs will depend upon which are funded and the extent of such funding. Space applications for advanced composites include solid rocket booster cases, fairings and payload doors for launch vehicles, and buss and solar arrays for military and commercial satellites.
Another trend providing positive growth for Hexcel is the further penetration of composites in helicopter blades. Numerous new helicopter programs in development, as well as upgrade or retrofit programs, have an increased reliance on Composite Materials products such as carbon fiber, prepregs, and honeycomb core to improve blade performance. In addition, our Engineered Products segment provides specialty value added services such as machining, sub-assembly, and even full blade manufacturing.
Contracts for military and some commercial programs may contain provisions applicable to both U.S. Government contracts and subcontracts. For example, a prime contractor may flow down a “termination for convenience” clause to materials suppliers such as Hexcel. According to the terms of a contract, we may be subject to U.S. government Federal Acquisition Regulations, the Department of Defense Federal Acquisition Regulations Supplement, and associated procurement regulations.
Industrial Markets
The revenue for this market includes applications for our products outside the Commercial Aerospace and Space & Defense markets. A number of these applications represent emerging opportunities for our products. In developing new applications, we seek those opportunities where advanced composites technology offers significant benefits to the end user, often applications that demand high engineering performance. Within the Industrial Markets, the major end user sub-markets include, in order of size based on our 2014 sales, wind energy, general industrial applications (including those sold through distributors), recreational equipment (e.g., skis and snowboards, bicycles and hockey sticks), and transportation (e.g., automobiles, mass transit and high-speed rail, and marine applications). Our participation in industrial market applications complements our commercial and military aerospace businesses. We are committed to pursuing the utilization of advanced structural material technology where it can generate significant value and we can maintain a sustainable competitive advantage.
Further discussion of our markets, including certain risks, uncertainties and other factors with respect to “forward-looking statements” about those markets, is contained under the captions “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors”.
Backlog
In recent years, our customers have demanded shorter order lead times and “just-in-time” delivery performance. While we have many multi-year contracts with our major aerospace customers, most of these contracts specify the proportion of the customers’ requirements that will be supplied by us and the terms under which the sales will occur, not the specific quantities to be procured. Our Industrial customers have always desired to order their requirements on as short a lead-time as possible. As a result, twelve-month order backlog is not a meaningful trend indicator for us. As noted above, our Commercial Aerospace sales to Airbus and Boeing and their subcontractors accounted for 56% of our 2014 sales, and they have backlogs of 12,175 airplanes or about nine years based on 2014 deliveries.
Raw Materials and Production Activities
Our manufacturing operations are in many cases vertically integrated. We produce and internally utilize carbon fibers, industrial fabrics, composite materials and composite structures as well as sell these materials to third-party customers for their use in the manufacture of their products.
We manufacture high performance carbon fiber from polyacrylonitrile precursor (“PAN”). The primary raw material for PAN is acrylonitrile. All of the PAN we produce is for internal carbon fiber production. We consume approximately more than 70% by value of the carbon fiber we produce and sell the remainder of our output to third-party customers. However, as one of the world’s largest consumers of high performance carbon fiber, we also purchase significant quantities of carbon fiber from external sources for our own use. The sources of carbon fiber we can use in any product or application are generally dictated by customer qualifications or certifications. Otherwise we select a carbon fiber based on performance, price and availability. With the increasing demand for carbon fiber, particularly in aerospace applications, we have tripled our PAN and carbon fiber capacity since 2007 to serve the growing needs of our customers and our own downstream products and we are continuing to expand our capacity to meet our customers’ forecasted requirements. After a new production line starts operating, it can take up to a year to be certified for aerospace qualifications. However, these lines can start supplying carbon fiber for many industrial and recreational applications within a shorter time period.
We purchase glass yarn from a number of suppliers in the United States, Europe and Asia. We also purchase aramid and high strength fibers which are produced by only a few companies, and during periods of high demand, can be in short supply. In addition, epoxy and other specialty resins, aramid paper and aluminum specialty foils are used in the manufacture of composite products. A number of these products have only one or two sources qualified for use, so an interruption in their supply could disrupt our ability to meet our customer requirements. When entering into multi-year contracts with aerospace customers, we attempt to get back-to-back commitments from key raw material suppliers.
Our manufacturing activities are primarily based on “make-to-order”, or “demand pull” based on customer schedules, and to a lesser extent, “make-to-forecast” production requirements. We coordinate closely with key suppliers in an effort to avoid raw material shortages and excess inventories. However, many of the key raw materials we consume are available from relatively few sources, and in many cases the cost of product qualification makes it impractical to develop multiple sources of supply. The lack of availability of these materials could under certain circumstances have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations.
Research and Technology; Patents and Know-How
Research and Technology (“R&T”) departments support our businesses worldwide. Through R&T activities, we maintain expertise in precursor and carbon fiber, chemical and polymer formulation and curatives, fabric forming and textile architectures, advanced composite structures, process engineering, application development, analysis and testing of composite materials, computational design, and other scientific disciplines related to our worldwide business base.
Our products rely primarily on our expertise in materials science, textiles, process engineering and polymer chemistry. Consistent with market demand, we have been placing more emphasis on higher performing products and cost effective production processes while seeking to improve the consistency of our products and our capital efficiency. Towards this end, we have entered into formal and informal alliances, as well as licensing and teaming arrangements, with several customers, suppliers, external agencies and laboratories. We believe that we possess unique capabilities to design, develop, manufacture and qualify composite materials and structures. We have over 1,200 patents and pending applications worldwide, and have granted technology licenses and patent rights to several third parties primarily in connection with joint ventures and joint development programs. It is our policy to actively enforce our proprietary rights. We believe that the patents and know-how rights currently owned or licensed by Hexcel are adequate for the conduct of our business. We do not believe that our business would be materially affected by the expiration of any single patent or series of related patents, or by the termination of any single license agreement or series of related license agreements.
We spent $47.9 million, $41.7 million and $36.7 million for R&T in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Our 2014 spending was 14.9% higher than 2013 as we invested in new products and technology supporting our growth and productivity initiatives. Our spending on a quarter to quarter basis fluctuates depending upon the amount of new product development and qualification activities, particularly in relation to commercial aircraft applications, that are in progress. These expenditures are expensed as incurred.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations designed to protect the environment and to regulate the discharge of materials into the environment. We believe that our policies, practices, and procedures are properly designed to prevent unreasonable risk of environmental damage and associated financial liability. To date, environmental control regulations have not had a significant adverse effect on our overall operations.
Our aggregate environmental related accruals at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were $5.0 million and $3.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, $3.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively, were included in “Other current accrued liabilities”, with the remainder included in “Other non-current liabilities”. As related to certain of our environmental matters, except for the Lodi, New Jersey site, our accruals were estimated at the low end of a range of possible outcomes since there was no better point within the range. If we had accrued, for those sites where we are able to estimate our liability, at the high end of the range of possible outcomes, our accruals would have been $28 million and $2.6 million higher at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Environmental remediation spending charged directly to our reserve balance for 2014, 2013 and 2012, was $4.9 million, $3.6 million and $3.4 million, respectively. In addition, our operating costs relating to environmental compliance were $14.2 million, $13.5 million and $13.1 million, for 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, and were charged directly to expense. Capital expenditures for environmental matters approximated $7.3 million, $4.6 million and $2.4 million for 2014, 2013 and 2012 respectively.
These accruals can change significantly from period to period due to such factors as additional information on the nature or extent of contamination, the methods of remediation required, changes in the apportionment of costs among responsible parties and other actions by governmental agencies or private parties, as well as the impact, if any, of Hexcel being named in a new matter. A discussion of environmental matters is contained in Item 3, “Legal Proceedings,” and in Note 13 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Sales and Marketing
A staff of salaried marketing managers, product managers and sales personnel, sell and market our products directly to customers worldwide. We also use independent distributors and manufacturer representatives for certain products, markets and regions. In addition, we operate various sales representation offices in the Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific and Russia.
Competition
In the production and sale of advanced composites, we compete with a number of U.S. and international companies on a worldwide basis. The broad markets for composites are highly competitive, and we have focused on both specific submarkets and specialty products within markets. In addition to competing directly with companies offering similar products, we compete with producers of substitute composites such as structural foam, infusion technology, wood and metal. Depending upon the material and markets, relevant competitive factors include approvals, database of usage, technology, product performance, delivery, service, price, customer preference for sole sourcing and customer preferred processes.
Employees
As of December 31, 2014, we employed 5,663 full-time employees and contract workers, 3,281 in the United States and 2,382 in other countries. Of the 5,663 full-time employees, approximately 18% were represented by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that our relations with employees and unions are good. The number of full-time employees and contract workers as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 was 5,274 and 4,973, respectively.
Other Information
Our internet website is www.hexcel.com. We make available, free of charge through our website, our Form 10-Ks, 10-Qs and 8-Ks, and any amendments to these forms, as soon as reasonably practicable after filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
An investment in our common stock or debt securities involves risks and uncertainties. You should consider the following risk factors carefully, in addition to the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, before deciding to purchase any of our securities.
The markets in which we operate can be cyclical, and downturns in them may adversely affect the results of our operations.
Some of the markets in which we operate have been, to varying degrees, cyclical and have experienced downturns. A downturn in these markets could occur at any time as a result of events that are industry specific or macroeconomic and in the event of a downturn; we have no way of knowing if, when and to what extent there might be a recovery. Any deterioration in any of the cyclical markets we serve could adversely affect our financial performance and operating results.
At December 31, 2014, Airbus and Boeing had a combined backlog of 12,175 aircraft, which is the highest in history and about nine years of production at 2014 delivery rates. To the extent any significant deferrals, cancellations or reduction in demand results in decreased aircraft build rates, it would reduce net sales for our Commercial Aerospace products and as a result reduce our operating income. Approximately 66% of our net sales for 2014 were derived from sales to the Commercial Aerospace industry, which includes 85% from Airbus and Boeing aircraft and 15% from regional and business aircraft. Reductions in demand for commercial aircraft or a delay in deliveries could result from many factors, including delays in the startup or ramp-up of new programs, changes in the propensity for the general public to travel by air (including as a result of terrorist events and any subsequent military response), a significant change in the cost of aviation fuel, a change in technology resulting in the use of alternative materials, consolidation and liquidation of airlines, availability of funding for new aircraft purchases or leases, inventory corrections or disruptions throughout the supply chain and slower macroeconomic growth.
The A350 had its first delivery in December 2014. Our content per plane is approximately $5 million and we expect the A350 will be our largest program with sales of approximately $600 million per year when Airbus reaches its projected buildrates of 120 per year. Both Airbus and Boeing have experienced various delays in their newest aircraft programs, including the A380, B787, B747-8, A400M, and A350. In the past, these have delayed our expected growth or our effective utilization of capacity installed for such growth. Future delays in these or other major new customer programs could similarly impact our results.
In addition, our customers continue to emphasize the need for cost reduction or other improvements in contract terms throughout the supply chain. In response to these pressures, we may be required to accept increased risk or face the prospects of margin
compression on some products in the future. Where possible, we seek to offset or mitigate the impact of such pressures through productivity and performance improvements, index clauses, currency hedging and other actions.
A significant decline in business with Boeing, Airbus Group, Vestas, or other significant customers could materially impact our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition.
We have concentrated customers in the Commercial Aerospace and wind energy markets. In the Commercial Aerospace market, approximately 85%, and in the Space & Defense market, approximately 36%, of our 2014 net sales were made to Boeing and Airbus Group and their related subcontractors. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, approximately 32% and 34% of our total consolidated net sales were to Boeing and its related subcontractors, respectively, and approximately 31% and 29% of our total consolidated net sales, respectively, were to Airbus Group, including Airbus and its related subcontractors. In the wind energy market, our primary customer is Vestas Wind Systems A/S. Significant changes in the demand for our customers’ end products, program delays, the share of their requirements that is awarded to us or changes in the design or materials used to construct their products could result in a significant loss of business with these customers. The loss of, or significant reduction in purchases by, Boeing, Airbus Group and Vestas or any of our other significant customers could materially impair our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. The level of purchases by our customers is often affected by events beyond their control, including general economic conditions, demand for their products, business disruptions, disruptions in deliveries, strikes and other factors.
A decrease in supply, interruptions at key facilities or an increase in cost of raw materials could result in a material decline in our profitability.
Our profitability depends largely on the price and continuity of supply of raw materials, which may be supplied through a sole source or a limited number of sources. We purchase large volumes of raw materials, such as epoxy and phenolic resins, carbon fiber, fiberglass yarn, aluminum foil and aramid paper. Any restrictions on the supply, or an increase in the cost, of our raw materials could significantly reduce our profit margins. Efforts to mitigate restrictions on the supply or price increases of these raw materials by long-term purchase agreements, productivity improvements or by passing cost increases to our customers may not be successful.
The occurrence of material operational problems, including but not limited to failure of, or interruption to, key equipment or natural disasters, or inability to install, staff and qualify necessary capacity or achievement of planned manufacturing improvements, may have a material adverse effect on the productivity and profitability of a particular manufacturing facility. With respect to certain facilities, such events could have a material effect on our company as a whole.
Reductions in space and defense spending could result in a decline in our net sales.
The growth in space and defense production that has occurred in recent years may not be sustained, individual programs important to Hexcel may be cancelled, production may not continue to grow and the increased demand for composite-intensive programs may not continue. In addition, the production of military aircraft depends upon defense budgets and the related demand for defense and related equipment. Approximately 20% of our net sales in 2014 were to the Space & Defense market of which about 53% were related to U.S. military programs.
We have substantial international operations subject to uncertainties which could affect our operating results.
We believe that revenue from sales outside the U.S. will continue to account for a material portion of our total revenue for the foreseeable future. In 2014, 50% of our production and 55% of our customer sales occurred outside of the United States. Additionally, we have invested significant resources in our international operations and we intend to continue to make such investments in the future. Our international operations are subject to numerous risks, including: (a) general economic and political conditions in the countries where we operate may have an adverse effect on our operations in those countries or not be favorable to our growth strategy; (b) the difficulty of enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through some foreign legal systems; (c) foreign customers may have longer payment cycles than customers in the U.S.; (d) cost of compliance with international trade laws of all of the countries in which we do business, including export control laws, relating to sales and purchases of goods and equipment and transfers of technology; (e) tax rates in some foreign countries may exceed those of the U.S. and foreign earnings may be subject to withholding requirements or the imposition of tariffs, exchange controls or other restrictions; (f) governments may adopt regulations or take other actions that would have a direct or indirect adverse impact on our business and market opportunities; and (g) the potential difficulty in enforcing our intellectual property rights in some foreign countries, and the potential for the intellectual property rights of others to affect our ability to sell product in certain markets. Any one of these could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, fluctuations in currency exchange rates may influence the profitability and cash flows of our business. For example, our European operations sell a portion of the products they produce in U.S. dollars, yet the labor, overhead costs and portions of
material costs incurred in the manufacture of those products are denominated in Euros, British pounds sterling or U.S. dollars. As a result, the local currency margins of goods manufactured with costs denominated in local currency, yet sold in U.S. dollars, will vary with fluctuations in currency exchange rates, reducing when the U.S. dollar weakens against the Euro and British pound sterling. In addition, the reported U.S. dollar value of the local currency financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries will vary with fluctuations in currency exchange rates. While we enter into currency exchange and hedge agreements from time to time to mitigate these types of fluctuations, we cannot remove all fluctuations or hedge all exposures, and our earnings are impacted by changes in currency exchange rates.
We currently do not have political risk insurance in the countries in which we conduct business. While we carefully consider these risks when evaluating our international operations we cannot provide assurance that we will not be materially adversely affected as a result of such risks.
We could be adversely affected by environmental and safety requirements.
Our operations require the handling, use, storage and disposal of certain regulated materials and wastes. As a result, we are subject to various laws and regulations pertaining to pollution and protection of the environment, health and safety. These requirements govern, among other things, emissions to air, discharge to waters and the generation, handling, storage, treatment and disposal of waste and remediation of contaminated sites. We have made, and will continue to make, capital and other expenditures in order to comply with these laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are complex, change frequently and could become more stringent in the future.
We have been named as a “potentially responsible party” under the U.S. Superfund law or similar state laws at several sites requiring clean up. These laws generally impose liability for costs to investigate and remediate contamination without regard to fault. Under certain circumstances liability may be joint and several, resulting in one responsible party being held responsible for the entire obligation. Liability may also include damages to natural resources. We have incurred and likely will continue to incur expenses to investigate and clean up certain of our existing and former facilities, for which we believe we have adequate reserves. The ongoing operation of our manufacturing plants also entails environmental risks, and we may incur material costs or liabilities in the future which could adversely affect us. Although most of our properties have been the subject of environmental site assessments, there can be no assurance that all potential instances of soil and groundwater contamination have been identified, even at those sites where assessments have been conducted. Accordingly, we may discover previously unknown environmental conditions and the cost of remediating such conditions may be material. See “Legal Proceedings” below and Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In addition, we may be required to comply with evolving environmental, health and safety laws, regulations or requirements that may be adopted or imposed in the future or to address newly discovered information or conditions that require a response. In particular, climate change is receiving increased attention worldwide, which has led to significant legislative and regulatory efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The U.S. Congress has considered climate change-related legislation and may retake the issue in the near future. Specific policy measures could include cap and trade provisions or a carbon tax. The European Union has instituted the Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading System (EU-ETS). Our manufacturing plants use energy, including electricity and natural gas, and some of our plants may in the future emit amounts of greenhouse gas that could be affected by these legislative and regulatory efforts. Potential consequences could include increased energy, transportation and raw material costs and may require the Company to make additional investments in its facilities and equipment or limit our ability to grow.
Our forward-looking statements and projections may turn out to be inaccurate.
This Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to analyses and other information that are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These statements also relate to future prospects, developments and business strategies. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “may”, “plan”, “predict”, “project”, “should”, “would”, “will” and similar terms and phrases, including references to assumptions. Such statements are based on current expectations, are inherently uncertain, and are subject to changing assumptions.
Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (a) the estimates and expectations based on aircraft production rates made publicly available by Airbus and Boeing; (b) the revenues we may generate from an aircraft model or program; (c) the impact of the possible push-out in deliveries of the Airbus and Boeing backlog and the impact of delays in the startup or ramp-up of new aircraft programs or the final Hexcel composite material content once the design and material selection has been completed; (d) expectations of composite content on new commercial aircraft programs and our share of those requirements; (e) expectations of growth in revenues from space and defense applications, including whether certain programs might be curtailed or discontinued; (f) expectations regarding growth in sales for wind energy, recreation and other industrial applications; (g) expectations regarding
working capital trends and expenditures; (h) expectations as to the level of capital expenditures and when we will complete the construction and qualification of capacity expansions; (i) our ability to maintain and improve margins in light of the ramp-up of capacity and new facilities and the current economic environment; (j) the outcome of legal matters; (k) our projections regarding the realizability of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards; and (l) the impact of various market risks, including fluctuations in interest rates, currency exchange rates, environmental regulations and tax codes, fluctuations in commodity prices, and fluctuations in the market price of our common stock, the impact of work stoppages or other labor disruptions and the impact of the above factors on our expectations of 2015 financial results and beyond. In addition, actual results may differ materially from the results anticipated in the forward looking statements due to a variety of factors, including but not limited to changing market conditions, increased competition, product mix, inability to achieve planned manufacturing improvements, cost reductions and capacity additions, and conditions in the financial markets.
Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the following: changes in general economic and business conditions; changes in current pricing and cost levels; changes in political and social conditions, and local regulations; foreign currency fluctuations; changes in aerospace delivery rates; reductions in sales to any significant customers, particularly Airbus Group, Boeing or Vestas; changes in sales mix; changes in government defense procurement budgets; changes in military aerospace programs technology; industry capacity; competition; disruptions of established supply channels, particularly where raw materials are obtained from a single or limited number of sources and cannot be substituted by unqualified alternatives; manufacturing capacity constraints; unforeseen vulnerability of our network and systems to interruptions or failures; and the availability, terms and deployment of capital.
If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those expected, estimated or projected. In addition to other factors that affect our operating results and financial position, neither past financial performance nor our expectations should be considered reliable indicators of future performance. Investors should not use historical trends to anticipate results or trends in future periods. Further, our stock price is subject to volatility. Any of the factors discussed above could have an adverse impact on our stock price. In addition, failure of sales or income in any quarter to meet the investment community’s expectations, as well as broader market trends, can have an adverse impact on our stock price. We do not undertake an obligation to update our forward-looking statements or risk factors to reflect future events or circumstances.
ITEM 1B.
ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 2. Properties
We own and lease manufacturing facilities and sales offices located throughout the United States and in other countries, as noted below. The corporate offices and principal corporate support activities are located in leased facilities in Stamford, Connecticut. Our research and technology administration and principal laboratories are located in Dublin, California; Duxford, England; Les Avenieres, France; Salt Lake City, Utah and Decatur, Alabama.
The following table lists our manufacturing facilities by geographic location, related segment, and principal products manufactured. This table does not include manufacturing facilities owned by joint ventures.
Manufacturing Facilities
We lease the land and buildings in Nantes, France and Tianjin, China; and the land on which the Burlington, Washington facility is located. We also lease portions of the facilities located in Casa Grande, Arizona, Pottsville, Pennsylvania and Kent, Washington. We own all other remaining facilities. For further information, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and to Note 6 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings
We are involved in litigation, investigations and claims arising out of the normal conduct of our business, including those relating to commercial transactions, environmental, employment, health and safety matters. We estimate and accrue our liabilities resulting from such matters based on a variety of factors, including the stage of the proceeding; potential settlement value; assessments by internal and external counsel; and assessments by environmental engineers and consultants of potential environmental liabilities and remediation costs. Such estimates are not discounted to reflect the time value of money due to the uncertainty in estimating the timing of the expenditures, which may extend over several years.
While it is impossible to ascertain the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to certain contingent liabilities and claims, we believe, based upon our examination of currently available information, our experience to date, and advice from legal counsel, that the individual and aggregate liabilities resulting from the ultimate resolution of these contingent matters, after taking into consideration our existing insurance coverage and amounts already provided for, will not have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to various U.S. and international federal, state and local environmental, and health and safety laws and regulations. We are also subject to liabilities arising under the Federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA” or “Superfund”), the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and similar state
and international laws and regulations that impose responsibility for the control, remediation and abatement of air, water and soil pollutants and the manufacturing, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous substances and waste.
We have been named as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) with respect to several hazardous waste disposal sites that we do not own or possess, which are included on, or proposed to be included on, the Superfund National Priority List of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) or on equivalent lists of various state governments. Because CERCLA allows for joint and several liability in certain circumstances, we could be responsible for all remediation costs at such sites, even if we are one of many PRPs. We believe, based on the amount and nature of our waste, and the number of other financially viable PRPs, that our liability in connection with such matters will not be material.
Lodi, New Jersey Site
Pursuant to the New Jersey Industrial Site Recovery Act, Hexcel entered into an Administrative Consent Order for the environmental remediation of a manufacturing facility we own and formerly operated in Lodi, New Jersey. We have been remediating this site in accordance with a State approved plan and continue to do so under the New Jersey Licensed Site Remediation Professional program. Hexcel has completed all active investigation and remediation activities. Hexcel’s final phase of clean-up will include restoration of the river embankment and installation of a barrier to prevent contaminant migration. Hexcel is in the process of monitoring contaminant levels to support a Monitored Natural Attenuation program. We accrued charges of $3.7 million in 2014 for this additional work and for costs to decommission the site. The accrual balance was $1.7 million as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.
Lower Passaic River Study Area
Hexcel and a group of approximately 72 other PRPs comprise the Lower Passaic Cooperating Parties Group (the “CPG”). We were included in the CPG based on our operations at our former manufacturing site in Lodi, New Jersey. Hexcel and the CPG are subject to a May 2007 Administrative Order on Consent (“AOC”) to perform a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (“RI/FS”) of environmental conditions in the Lower Passaic River watershed.
In June 2007, the EPA issued a draft Focused Feasibility Study (“FFS”) that considers interim remedial options for the lower eight miles of the river, in addition to a “no action” option. On April 11, 2014, the EPA issued a revised FFS, which proposes several alternatives, including the bank to bank dredging of the lower eight miles of the river at an expected cost ranging from $0.8 billion to $3.25 billion, according to the EPA, but also includes a “no action” option. The comment period for the revised FFS closed on August 20, 2014 and a final decision is not expected for several months. Hexcel is not currently subject to any obligation to undertake the work contemplated by the FFS, nor have we determined our allocable share of any remediation alternatives. However, based on a review of the Company’s position, and as no point within the range is a more probable outcome than any other point, the Company recorded the lower end of the expected range, which resulted in an increase in the accrual of $2.3 million in the second quarter of 2014. Despite the issuance of the revised FFS, there are many uncertainties associated with the final agreed upon remediation and the Company’s allocable share of the remediation. Given those uncertainties, the amounts accrued may not be indicative of the amounts for which the Company is ultimately responsible and will be refined as events in the remediation process develop. The total accrued liability related to this matter was $2.1 million at December 31, 2014 and $0.2 million at December 31, 2013.
Kent, Washington Site
We were party to a cost-sharing agreement regarding the operation of certain environmental remediation systems necessary to satisfy a post-closure care permit issued to a previous owner of our Kent, Washington site by the EPA. Under the terms of the cost-sharing agreement, we were obligated to reimburse the previous owner for a portion of the cost of the required remediation activities. The previous owner, who also continues to own an adjacent site, has installed certain remediation and isolation technologies and is operating those in accordance with an order agreed with the State of Washington. This isolation is expected to ultimately prevent further migration of contaminants to our site and enable us to perform a cleanup of our site. We and the Washington Department of Ecology have reached an agreed order to perform certain cleanup activities on our site by certain deadlines, and we are in full compliance with the order as modified. The total accrued liability related to this matter was $0.5 million at December 31, 2014 and $0.8 million at December 31, 2013.
Omega Chemical Corporation Superfund Site, Whittier, CA
We are a potentially responsible party at a former chemical waste site in Whittier, CA. The PRPs at Omega have established a PRP Group, the “Omega PRP Group”, and are currently investigating and remediating soil and groundwater at the site pursuant to a Consent Decree with the EPA. The Omega PRP Group has attributed approximately 1.07% of the waste tonnage sent to the site to Hexcel. In addition to the Omega site specifically, the EPA is investigating the scope of regional groundwater contamination in the vicinity of the Omega site and issued a Record of Decision; the Omega PRP Group members have been noticed by the EPA as PRP’s who will be required to be involved in the remediation of the regional groundwater contamination in that vicinity as well. As a
member of the Omega PRP group, Hexcel will incur costs associated with the investigation and remediation of the Omega site and the regional groundwater remedy, although our ultimate liability, if any, in connection with this matter cannot be determined at this time, we have accrued $0.6 million relating to potential liability for both the Omega site and regional groundwater remedies.
Environmental remediation reserve activity for the three years ended December 31, 2014 was as follows:
Environmental Summary
Our estimate of liability as a PRP and our remaining costs associated with our responsibility to remediate the Lower Passaic River in New Jersey, the Lodi, New Jersey; Kent, Washington; and other sites are accrued in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, our aggregate environmental related accruals were $5.0 million and $3.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, $3.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively, were included in current other accrued liabilities, with the remainder included in other non-current liabilities. As related to certain environmental matters, except for the Lodi site, the accruals were estimated at the low end of a range of possible outcomes since no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount. If we had accrued, for those sites where we are able to estimate our liability, at the high end of the range of possible outcomes, our accrual would have been $28 million and $2.6 million higher at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
These accruals can change significantly from period to period due to such factors as additional information on the nature or extent of contamination, the methods of remediation required, changes in the apportionment of costs among responsible parties and other actions by governmental agencies or private parties, or the impact, if any, of being named in a new matter.
Environmental remediation spending charged directly to our reserve balance was $4.9 million and $3.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, our operating costs relating to environmental compliance charged directly to expense were $14.2 million and $13.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosure
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
Hexcel common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange. The range of high and low sales prices of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange is contained in Note 20 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
On January 12, 2015, the Board of Directors declared a $0.10 quarterly dividend. This is the first dividend paid by the Company since 1992. The dividend will be payable to stockholders of record as of February 3, 2015, with a payment date of February 17, 2015. In 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company announced programs to repurchase up to $150 million, $150 million and $50 million of common stock, respectively. During 2014 and 2013 the Company repurchased a total of $160 million and $90 million of shares, respectively. There is $100 million remaining under the authorized share repurchase program.
On February 2, 2015 there were 804 holders of record of our common stock.
The following chart provides information regarding repurchases of Hexcel common stock:
1)
In June 2014, our Board authorized us to repurchase an additional $150 million of our outstanding common stock. The Company did not repurchase any common stock during the fourth quarter 2014. There is $100 million remaining under the authorized share repurchase program.
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data
The information required by Item 6 is contained on page 25 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Selected Financial Data” and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The information required by Item 7 is contained on pages 26 to 35 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 7A.
ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The information required by Item 7A is contained under the heading “Market Risks” on pages 35 to 37 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 8.
ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The information required by Item 8 is contained on pages 41 to 73 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and is incorporated herein by reference. The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm is contained on page 40 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2014 and have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that there have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s report on our internal control over financial reporting is contained on page 39 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9B. Other Information
None.
PART III
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by Item 10 will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by Item 11 will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by Item 12 will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by Item 13 will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by Item 14 will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15.
ITEM 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Financial Statements, Financial Statement Schedules and Exhibits
(3) Exhibits:
The following list of exhibits includes exhibits submitted with this Form 10-K as filed with the SEC and those incorporated by reference to other filings.
* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Hexcel Corporation
February 5, 2015
/s/ NICK L. STANAGE
(Date)
Nick L. Stanage
Chairman of the Board of Directors,
Chief Executive Officer and President
KNOWN TO ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints each of Nick L. Stanage, Wayne C. Pensky and Ira J. Krakower, individually, his attorney-in-fact, with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each said attorney-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ NICK L. STANAGE
Chairman of the Board of Directors,
February 5, 2015
(Nick L. Stanage)
Chief Executive Officer and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ WAYNE PENSKY
Senior Vice President and
February 5, 2015
(Wayne Pensky)
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ KIMBERLY HENDRICKS
Vice President, Corporate Controller and
(Kimberly Hendricks)
Chief Accounting Officer
February 5, 2015
(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ JOEL S. BECKMAN
Director
February 5, 2015
(Joel S. Beckman)
/s/ LYNN BRUBAKER
Director
February 5, 2015
(Lynn Brubaker)
/s/ JEFFREY C. CAMPBELL
Director
February 5, 2015
(Jeffrey C. Campbell)
/s/ CYNTHIA EGNOTOVICH
Director
February 5, 2015
(Cynthia Egnotovich)
/s/ W. KIM FOSTER
Director
February 5, 2015
(W. Kim Foster)
/s/ THOMAS A. GENDRON
Director
February 5, 2015
(Thomas A. Gendron)
/s/ JEFFREY A. GRAVES
Director
February 5, 2015
(Jeffrey A. Graves)
/s/ GUY HACHEY
Director
February 5, 2015
(Guy Hachey)
/s/ DAVID C. HILL
Director
February 5, 2015
(David C. Hill)
/s/ DAVID L. PUGH
Director
February 5, 2015
(David L. Pugh)
Selected Financial Data
The following table summarizes selected financial data as of and for the five years ended December 31:
(a)
No cash dividends were declared per share of common stock during any of the five years ended December 31, 2014. The Company did declare a $0.10 quarterly dividend on January 12, 2015, payable to stockholders of record as of February 3, 2015.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Business Overview
(a)
The Company uses non-GAAP financial measures, including sales measured in constant dollars, operating income adjusted for items included in other expense (income), net, net income and earnings per share adjusted for items included in non-operating expenses, the effective tax rate adjusted for certain out of period items and free cash flow. Management believes these non-GAAP measurements are meaningful to investors because they provide a view of Hexcel with respect to ongoing operating results and comparisons to prior periods. These adjustments represent significant charges or credits that are important to an understanding of Hexcel’s overall operating results in the periods presented. Such non-GAAP measurements are not determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and should not be viewed as an alternative to GAAP measures of performance. Reconciliations to adjusted operating income, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted net income per share and free cash flow are provided below:
(1)
Other expense (income), net for the year ended December 31, 2014 included expense of $6.0 million ($3.9 million after tax) for the increase in environmental reserves primarily for remediation of a former manufacturing facility. Other expense (income), net for the year ended December 31, 2012 included income from a $9.6 million ($6.1 million after tax) business interruption insurance settlement related to a prior year claim, a $4.9 million ($3.1 million after tax) gain on the sale of land and a $5.0 million ($3.2 million after tax) charge for additional environmental reserves primarily for remediation of a former manufacturing facility.
(2)
Non-operating expense, net of tax, in 2014 and 2013 was primarily for the accelerated amortization of deferred financing costs related to repaying the term loan and refinancing our revolving credit facility in September 2014 and June 2013. Non-operating expense, net of tax, in 2012 included $0.7 million for the accelerated amortization of deferred financing costs and expensing of the call premium from redeeming $73.5 million in June 2012 of the Company’s 6.75% senior subordinated notes.
Business Trends
2014 was another record performance year for the company, with total sales of $1,855.5 million, which increased 10.5% in constant currency over 2013. In constant currency and by market, our Commercial Aerospace sales increased 12.1%, Space & Defense sales remained at the 2013 level and our Industrial sales increased 21%. The Commercial Aerospace market represents 66% of our sales, followed by Space & Defense at 20% and Industrial at 14%.
·
In 2014, our Commercial Aerospace sales increased by 12%. Sales to Airbus and Boeing and their subcontractors, which comprised 85% of our Commercial Aerospace sales, were up over 12% with new program sales (A350, B787, A320neo and B737 MAX) increasing over 35% and legacy aircraft related sales up 3%. Almost all of our Commercial Aerospace sales are for new aircraft production as we have only nominal aftermarket sales.
·
Airbus and Boeing combined deliveries in 2014 were a record 1,352 aircraft, compared to the previous record of 1,274 aircraft in 2013. The demand for new commercial aircraft is principally driven by two factors. The first is airline passenger traffic (measured by revenue passenger miles) and the second is the replacement rate for existing aircraft. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) estimates 2014 revenue passenger miles were 5.8% higher than 2013. Combined orders for 2014 were 2,888 planes, compared to 2,858 orders for 2013. Backlog at the end of 2014 increased to 12,175 planes, or nine years of backlog at the 2014 delivery pace. Based on Airbus and Boeing announced projections, 2015 deliveries are estimated to be higher than 2014.
·
Overall the Commercial Aerospace industry continues to utilize a greater proportion of advanced composite materials with each new generation of aircraft. These new programs include the A350, B787, A320neo and B737 MAX. Hexcel has been awarded a contract to supply carbon fiber composite materials for major primary structures for the A350, or about $5 million per plane, which has about 53% composite content by weight. As of December 31, 2014, Airbus has 779 orders in backlog for the A350, which entered into service with its first delivery in the fourth quarter of 2014. The B787 has more than 50% composite content by weight, including composite wings and fuselage, compared to the 11% composite content used in the construction of its B777 aircraft and 6% for the B767 the aircraft it is primarily replacing. The B787 entered into service in September 2011and Hexcel averages about $1.5 million of content per plane. As of December 31, 2014, Boeing had a backlog of 843 orders for its B787 aircraft and has delivered 228. Both Airbus and Boeing have announced new versions of their narrowbody planes that will have new engines. Airbus’s A320neo is expected to enter service in the fourth quarter of 2015, while the Boeing’s B737 MAX is expected to enter service in 2017. Both of these aircraft are expected to provide opportunities for Hexcel to increase its content on these new programs up to 50% higher than on the current models of the A320 and B737. In 2014, Airbus announced a new version of its A330, the A330neo, which will have new engines, and Boeing announced the B777X, a new version of the B777 with composite wings and new engines. Our sales on these four new programs plus those that will develop from the A330neo and the B777X will represent an increasing percent of our Commercial Aerospace sales in the future.
·
The regional and business aircraft market sales, which account for 15% of Commercial Aerospace sales, were up almost 12% compared with 2013 sales led by an increase in business jet sales.
·
Our Space & Defense constant currency sales remained at the 2013 level of $375 million. Rotorcraft (both commercial and military) account for almost 60% of our Space & Defense sales as new rotorcraft programs in development, as well as upgrade or retrofit programs, have an increased reliance on composite materials products such as carbon fiber, prepregs, and honeycomb core to improve blade performance. We are on more than 100 Space & Defense programs of which our top 10 programs represent about 55% of the sales in this sector. Key programs include the V-22 (Osprey) tilt rotor aircraft, A400M military transport Airbus Group, Blackhawk, (joint strike fighter or JSF), AH-64 Apache, C-17, European Fighter Aircraft (Typhoon), S76, F/A-18E/F (Hornet), CH-53 Super Stallion, NH90, and Tiger helicopters. In addition, our Engineered Products segment provides specialty value added services such as machining, sub-assembly, and even full blade manufacturing.
·
Our Industrial constant currency sales increased by 21% in 2014 from 2013. Industrial sales include wind energy, recreation, transportation and general industrial applications, with wind being the largest submarket. Approximately two thirds of our Industrial sales are outside of the U.S. Wind energy sales were up over 25% in 2014 and the rest of the Industrial sales increased about 14% as compared to a weak 2013.
Results of Operations
Our sales of $1,855.5 million were $177.3 million, or 10.6%, higher than 2013 and our operating income of $305.8 million (or 16.5% of sales) was 13% higher than 2013. Other operating income for the year ended December 31, 2014 included a $6.0 million charge for additional environmental reserves primarily for remediation of a former manufacturing facility. Excluding these items, operating income in 2014 was 15% higher than 2013.
We have two reportable segments: Composite Materials and Engineered Products. Although these segments provide customers with different products and services, they often overlap within three end business markets: Commercial Aerospace, Space & Defense and Industrial. Therefore, we also find it meaningful to evaluate the performance of our segments through the three end business markets. Further discussion and additional financial information about our segments may be found in Note 16 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Net Sales: Consolidated net sales of $1,855.5 million for 2014 were $177.3 million, or 10.6%, higher than the $1,678.2 million of net sales for 2013. Consolidated net sales in 2013 increased 6% over the $1,578.2 million of sales in 2012. The sales increase in both 2014 and 2013 reflect increased volume in Commercial Aerospace driven by new aircraft programs and increased build rates. Had the same U.S. dollar, British Pound sterling and Euro exchange rates applied in 2013 as in 2014 (“in constant currency”), consolidated net sales for 2014 would have been 10.5% higher than 2013. In constant currency, consolidated net sales for 2013 would have been 5.6%, higher than 2012 net sales.
Composite Materials: Net sales of $1,420.9 million for 2014 increased $134.0 million over the $1,286.9 million for 2013 driven by an increase in Commercial Aerospace sales. Space and Defense sales remained at the same level as 2013 and Industrial sales increased 24.2%. The increase in Industrial sales was driven by wind energy which increased more than 25% over a weak 2013. In 2013, net sales of $1,286.9 million increased 4.5% over 2012 as Commercial Aerospace sales increased 17.3%, Space & Defense were up slightly over 2012 and Industrial sales declined $65.8 million. The decline in Industrial sales was driven by wind energy sales which faced tough comparisons to 2012.
Engineered Products: Net sales of $434.6 million for 2014 increased $43.3 million over the $391.3 million for 2013 driven by a 17.0% increase in Commercial Aerospace sales. Space and Defense sales remained at the same level as 2013. There are not significant sales to the Industrial market from this segment. In 2013, net sales of $391.3 million increased 9.2% over 2012 driven by a 17.8% increase in Space & Defense sales. Commercial Aerospace sales increased 8.4% over 2012.
The following table summarizes net sales to third-party customers by segment and end market in 2014, 2013 and 2012:
Commercial Aerospace: Net sales to the Commercial Aerospace market increased $130.8 million or 12.1% to $1,215.3 million for 2014 as compared to net sales of $1,084.5 million for 2013; 2013 net sales increased by $140.4 million as compared to net sales of $944.1 million for 2012. Currency had a nominal effect on sales in 2014. In constant currency, net sales to the Commercial Aerospace market increased $137.2 million, or 14.5% in 2013 as compared to 2012.
Sales for Airbus and Boeing programs, in 2014, were up over 12% with new program sales (A350, B787, A320neo and B737 MAX) increasing over 35% and legacy aircraft related sales up 3%. Sales for the regional and business aircraft market were up nearly 12% as compared to 2013, led by business jet sales.
In 2013, sales for Airbus and Boeing programs increased 18% over the prior year, with new aircraft programs (A350, B787, A320neo and B737 MAX) sales up 25% and legacy related sales 12% higher. Sales for the regional and business aircraft market were essentially flat with 2012 sales level.
Space & Defense: Net sales of $375.8 million were at the same level as 2013; net sales of $375.9 million for 2013 increased 5.3% as compared to $357.0 million for 2012. Foreign exchange had a nominal impact on Space & Defense sales in 2014 and in 2013 sales in constant currency, increased $16.1 million or 4.5%. We continue to benefit from participating in a wide range of programs in the U.S., Europe and Asia, including rotorcraft, transport, fixed wing and satellite programs, with rotorcraft accounting for just under 60% of sales in this market.
Industrial: Net sales of $264.4 million for 2014 increased by $46.6 million, or 21.4%, compared to net sales of $217.8 million for 2013. Foreign exchange had a nominal impact on Industrial sales in 2014 and in 2013 sales in constant currency decreased $64.3 million or 22.8%. Our wind energy submarket, which accounts for just over half of our Industrial sales, increased more than 25% from a weak 2013. Wind energy sales were down over 25% in 2013 compared to the record sales levels in 2012.
The Industrial market sales, other than wind energy sales, were up about 14% over 2013 and were down about 15% in constant currency in 2013 as compared to 2012.
Gross Margin: Gross margin for 2014 was $508.8 million or 27.4% of net sales as compared to $454.0 million or 27.1% of net sales in 2013. The increase reflected higher volume and continued improvements in operating performance. Exchange rates had a nominal impact on 2014 and 2013 gross margin percentages. Gross margin for 2012 was $406.7 million, or 25.8% of net sales.
Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses: SG&A expenses were $149.1 million or 8.0% of net sales for 2014, $141.4 million or 8.4% of net sales for 2013 and $130.7 million or 8.3% of net sales for 2012. The increase in SG&A spending in 2014 and 2013 reflects added infrastructure to support our growth. SG&A in 2013 also included higher variable compensation expense than 2012.
Research and Technology (“R&T”) Expenses: R&T expenses for 2014 were $47.9 million or 2.6% of net sales, $41.7 million or 2.5% of net sales in 2013 and $36.7 million or 2.3% of net sales in 2012. Spending has increased as we invest in new products and technology to support our growth and productivity initiatives.
Other Income, Net: Other operating income, net for the year ended December 31, 2014, included other expense of $6.0 million for the increase in environmental reserves primarily for remediation related to a former manufacturing facility. Other operating income for the year ended December 31, 2012 included income from a $9.6 million business interruption insurance settlement related to a prior year claim, a $4.9 million gain on the sale of land and a $5.0 million charge for additional environmental reserves primarily for remediation of a former manufacturing facility.
Operating Income: Operating income for 2014 was $305.8 million compared with operating income of $270.9 million for 2013 and $248.8 million for 2012. Operating income as a percent of sales was 16.5%, 16.1% and 15.8% % in 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively. Improved gross margin drove the increase in operating margin in for the comparative years.
One of the Company’s performance measures is operating income adjusted for other expense (income), which is a non-GAAP measure. Adjusted operating income for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2012 was $311.8 million and $239.3 million or 16.8% and 15.2% as a percentage of net sales, respectively. There were no adjustments to the 2013 operating income of $270.9 million or 16.1% of net sales. A reconciliation from operating income to adjusted operating income is provided on page 26.
Almost all of the Company’s sales and costs are either in U.S. dollars, Euros or British Pound sterling, with approximately one-quarter of our sales in Euros or British Pound sterling. In addition, much of our European Commercial Aerospace business has sales denominated in dollars and costs denominated in all three currencies. The net impact is that as the dollar strengthens against the Euro and the British Pound sterling, sales will decrease while operating income will increase. We have an active hedging program to minimize the impact on operating income, but our operating income as a percentage of net sales is affected. Foreign exchange had a nominal impact on our operating income percentage in 2014 and 2013 while in 2012 operating income percentages were approximately 30 basis points better than the comparable prior year due to exchange rates.
Operating income for the Composite Materials segment increased $32.5 million to $308.8 million, as compared to $276.3 million for 2013. Operating income for Composite Materials, in 2012, included $14.5 million of other operating income as discussed above. Excluding the other operating items in 2012, operating income for Composite Materials in 2013 increased by $33.5 million or 13.8%. The consistent growth in operating income for the Composite Materials segment was driven primarily by higher commercial aerospace sales volume. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2014 for the Engineered Products segment increased $8.1 million or 13.8% to $67.0 million, as compared to $58.9 million for 2013. Operating income for the Engineered Products segment in 2013 increased by $8.3 million compared with 2012 to $58.9 million, on higher sales volume in all markets.
We did not allocate corporate net operating expenses of $70.0 million, $64.3 million and $59.1 million to segments in 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively. Corporate and Other included $6.0 million and $5.0 million in 2014 and 2012, respectively, of other expenses, as discussed above.
Interest Expense: Interest expense was $8.0 million for 2014, $7.3 million for 2013 and $10.0 million for 2012. The increase in interest expense in 2014 was largely related to the increase in debt for the year. The decrease in interest expense in 2013 was due primarily to lower interest rates, largely as a result of the redemption of $73.5 million in June 2012 of the Company’s 6.75% senior subordinated notes, as well as the refinancing of the Company’s revolving credit facility (the “Facility”).
Non-operating Expense: As a result of the refinancing of the Facility in 2014, 2013 and 2012, we accelerated the unamortized deferred financing costs related to the previous borrowings incurring a cost of $0.5 million ($0.3 million after tax), $1.0 million ($0.6 million after tax) and $0.3 million ($0.2 million after tax), respectively. In 2012, we also expensed the call premium of $0.8 million ($0.5 million after tax) on the redemption of $73.5 million of 6.75% senior subordinated notes.
Provision for Income Taxes: Our 2014, 2013 and 2012 tax provision was $89.3 million, $76.0 million and $74.1 million for an effective tax rate of 30.0%, 28.9% and 31.2%, respectively. The 2014 and 2013 provisions benefitted from the release of reserves from uncertain tax positions. Excluding these items, the 2014 and 2013 effective tax rates were 30.6% and 30.7%, respectively. We believe the adjusted effective tax rate, which is a non-GAAP measure, is meaningful since it provides insight to the tax rate of ongoing operations.
Equity in Earnings from Affiliated Companies: Equity in earnings represents our portion of the earnings from our joint ventures in Malaysia and the United Kingdom.
Net Income: Net income was $209.4 million, or $2.12 per diluted common share for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $187.9 million, or $1.84 per diluted common share for 2013 and $164.3 million, or $1.61 per diluted share for 2012. Strong sales volume, particularly in the commercial aerospace market, coupled with good cost control led the growth in earnings from 2012 through 2014. Also see the above table for a reconciliation of GAAP net income from continuing operations to our adjusted “Non-GAAP” measure.
Significant Customers
Approximately 32%, 34% and 29% of our 2014, 2013 and 2012 net sales, respectively, were to Boeing and related subcontractors. Of the 32% of overall sales to Boeing and its subcontractors in 2014, 28% related to Commercial Aerospace market applications and 4% related to Space & Defense market applications. Approximately 31%, 29% and 28% of our 2014, 2013 and 2012 net sales, respectively, were to Airbus Group and its subcontractors. Of the 31% of overall sales to Airbus Group and its subcontractors in 2014, 27% related to Commercial Aerospace market applications and 4% related to Space & Defense market applications.
Financial Condition
In 2014, we ended the year with total debt, net of cash, of $345.4 million and generated $57.9 million of free cash flow (cash provided by operating activities less cash paid for capital expenditures). In 2014, the Company bought back $160 million of shares, and has $100 million remaining under its currently authorized share repurchase program. In 2015, we expect our capital spending to be in the range of $260 million to $290 million as we expand capacity in line with our outlook, resulting in expected positive free cash flow of $10 million to $60 million. We expect our typical use of cash in the first quarter of 2015, which will be funded by our available borrowings under our credit facility.
We have a portfolio of derivatives related to currencies and interest rates. We monitor our counterparties and we only use those rated A- or better.
Liquidity
Our cash on hand at December 31, 2014 was $70.9 million and we had $283.3 million borrowings available under our credit facility. Our total debt as of December 31, 2014 was $416.3 million, an increase of $121.3 million from the December 31, 2013 balance. The level of available borrowing capacity fluctuates during the course of the year due to factors including capital expenditures, share repurchases and dividend payments, interest and variable compensation payments, changes to working capital, as well as timing of receipts and disbursements within the normal course of business.
Short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of normal recurring operating expenses and working capital needs, capital expenditures, dividend payments and debt service requirements. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements through net cash from operating activities, cash on hand and, if necessary, our revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2014, long-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of obligations under our long-term debt obligations. We do not have any significant required debt repayments until June 2019 when our revolving credit facility expires.
Credit Facilities: In September 2014 we entered into a new $700 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility which matures in September 2019. The new facility replaces the Company’s previous senior secured credit facility (a $600 million revolving loan) that would have expired in June 2018. The initial interest rate for the revolver is LIBOR + 1.25%. The proceeds from the new facility were used to repay all amounts, and terminate all commitments outstanding under the Company’s credit agreement and to pay fees and expenses in connection with the refinancing. As a result of the refinancing, the Company accelerated certain unamortized financing costs of the credit facility being replaced incurring a pretax charge of $0.5 million in the third quarter of 2014.
The new facility contains financial and other covenants, including, but not limited to, restrictions on the incurrence of debt and the granting of liens, as well as the maintenance of an interest coverage ratio and a leverage ratio. In accordance with the terms of the new facility, we are required to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 3.50 (based on the ratio of EBITDA, as defined in the credit agreement, to interest expense) and may not exceed a maximum leverage ratio of 3.50 (based on the ratio of total debt to EBITDA) throughout the term of the new facility. In addition, the new facility contains other terms and conditions such as customary representations and warranties, additional covenants and customary events of default. The new facility is less restrictive than the prior agreement. As of December 31, 2014, we were in compliance with all debt covenants and expect to remain in compliance.
We have a $10.0 million borrowing facility for working capital needs of our Chinese entity with an outstanding balance of $1.3 million at December 31, 2014. These funds can only be used locally and, accordingly, we do not include this facility in our borrowing capacity disclosures. The facility is guaranteed by Hexcel Corporation but is uncommitted and can be cancelled at any time.
Operating Activities: We generated $318.0 million in cash from operating activities during 2014, an increase of $45.1 million from 2013 primarily from higher earnings. Cash generated from operating activities during 2013 was $272.9 million, an increase of $40.5 million from 2012 from higher earnings and lower working capital usage.
Investing Activities: Cash used for investing activities, primarily for capital expenditures, was $270.4 million in 2013 compared to $194.9 million in 2013 and $258.4 million in 2012. In 2014, we acquired a 50% interest in Formax UK Limited, a leading manufacturer of composite reinforcements, for $10.3 million. We account for this investment using the equity method.
The Company is in the process of expanding capacity over a multi-year period, primarily for manufacture of carbon fiber and prepregs to support aerospace growth. These capital projects require large expenditures and long lead times, some taking up to two years to complete. Almost 80% of the $423.9 million in construction in progress as of December 31, 2014 represents spending on expansion projects primarily at our Decatur, Alabama, Salt Lake City, Utah and Duxford England facilities. We expect almost all of these projects to be placed in service during 2015 and 2016.
Financing Activities: Financing activities were a use of cash of $36.9 million in 2014 as compared to a use of cash of $47.2 million in 2013. In 2014 and 2013 we had borrowings, net of repayments, from our Facility of $123 million and $42 million, respectively. In 2012, we generated $8.2 million from financing activities as borrowings under a new credit facility exceeded repayments on the former facility and $75 million of our Senior Subordinated notes. Also, in 2014 and 2013 we purchased $160 million and $90 million of the of the Company’s stock as described below:
In June 2014, our Board authorized an additional plan to repurchase $150 million of our outstanding common stock (“2014 Repurchase Plan”). In July 2013, our Board authorized us to repurchase $150 million of our outstanding common stock (“2013 Repurchase Plan”), which was completed during the second quarter of 2014. During the first nine months of 2014, the Company spent $160.0 million to repurchase 3,933,401 shares of common stock under the approved plans. At December 31, 2014, there is $100 million remaining authorized under the 2014 Repurchase Plan.
In December 2012, our Board authorized us to repurchase up to $50 million of our outstanding common stock (“2012 Repurchase Plan”) which was completed in the second quarter of 2013 to repurchase a total of 1,573,588 shares.
Financial Obligations and Commitments: As of December 31, 2014, current debt maturities were $1.3 million. The next significant scheduled debt maturity will not occur until 2019, the year the Facility matures. In addition, certain sales and administrative offices, data processing equipment and manufacturing equipment and facilities are leased under operating leases.
Total letters of credit issued and outstanding under the Facility were $1.7 million as of December 31, 2014.
The following table summarizes the scheduled maturities as of December 31, 2014 of financial obligations and expiration dates of commitments for the years ended 2015 through 2019 and thereafter.
(a)
Other represents estimated spending for environmental matters at known sites and an estimated $10.2 million additional investment in 2017 in an affiliated company (See Note 1).
As of December 31, 2014, we had $43.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits. This represents tax benefits associated with various tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, on domestic and international tax returns that have not been recognized in our financial statements due to uncertainty regarding their resolution. The resolution or settlement of these tax positions with the taxing authorities is at various stages. We are unable to make a reliable estimate of the eventual cash flows of the $43.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits.
For further information regarding our financial obligations and commitments, see Notes 5, 6, 7, 12 and 13 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared based upon the selection and application of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require us to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect amounts reported in our financial statements and accompanying notes. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and any such differences may be significant to the financial statements. The accounting policies below are those we believe are the most critical to the preparation of our financial statements and require the most difficult, subjective and complex judgments. Our other accounting policies are described in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Deferred Tax Assets
As of December 31, 2014 we had $1.6 million in net deferred tax assets consisting of deferred tax assets of $181.9 million offset by deferred tax liabilities of $119.8 million and a valuation allowance of $60.5 million. As of December 31, 2013, we had $23.3 million in net deferred tax assets consisting of deferred tax assets of $159.0 million offset by deferred tax liabilities of $73.4 million and a valuation allowance of $62.3 million.
The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2014 relates primarily to certain net operating loss carryforwards of our foreign subsidiaries for which we have determined, based upon historical results and projected future book and taxable income levels, that a valuation allowance should continue to be maintained.
The determination of the required valuation allowance and the amount, if any, of deferred tax assets to be recognized involves significant estimates regarding the timing and amount of reversal of taxable temporary differences, future taxable income and the implementation of tax planning strategies. In particular, we are required to weigh both positive and negative evidence in determining whether a valuation allowance is required. Positive evidence would include, for example, a strong earnings history, an event that will increase our taxable income through a continuing reduction in expenses, and tax planning strategies indicating an ability to realize deferred tax assets. Negative evidence would include, for example, a history of operating losses and losses expected in future years.
Uncertain Tax Positions
Included in the unrecognized tax benefits of $43.1 million at December 31, 2014 was $39.4 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact our annual effective tax rate. In addition, we recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of interest expense and penalties as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized $1.5 million, $0.7 million and $0.1 million of interest expense and penalties related to the above unrecognized tax benefits in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company had accrued interest of approximately $2.7 million and $1.6 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states and foreign jurisdictions. Foreign and U.S. state jurisdictions have statutes of limitations generally ranging from 3 to 5 years. Years still open to examination are U.S. (2011 onward) and foreign tax authorities in major jurisdictions that include Austria (2012 onward), Belgium (2012 onward), France (2011 onward), Spain (2004 onward) and U.K. (2013 onward). We are currently under examination in the U.S. and certain foreign tax jurisdictions.
As of December 31, 2014, we had uncertain tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts of unrecognized tax benefits could significantly change over the next year. These uncertain tax positions relate to our tax returns from 2004 onward, some of which are currently under examination by certain U.S. and European tax authorities. Within the next twelve months, the Company believes it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefit associated with uncertain positions may be reduced. The Company believes it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits disclosed as of December 31, 2014 may decrease approximately $8 to $14 million in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015. Such possible decrease relates primarily to audit settlements and the expiration of statutes of limitation.
Retirement and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
We maintain qualified defined benefit retirement plans covering certain current and former European employees, as well as nonqualified defined benefit retirement plans and retirement savings plans covering certain eligible U.S. and European employees, and participate in a union sponsored multi-employer pension plan covering certain U.S. employees with union affiliations. In addition, we provide certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to eligible U.S. retirees.
Under the retirement savings plans, eligible U.S. employees can contribute up to 75% of their compensation to an individual 401(k) retirement savings account. We make matching contributions equal to 50% of employee contributions, not to exceed 3% of employee compensation.
We have defined benefit retirement plans in the United Kingdom, Belgium, France and Austria covering certain employees of our subsidiaries in those countries. The defined benefit plan in the United Kingdom (the “U.K. Plan”), the largest of the European plans, was terminated in 2011 and replaced with a defined contribution plan. As of December 31, 2014, 33% of the total assets in the U.K. Plan were invested in equities 27% of the total assets were invested in diversified growth funds. Equity investments are made with the objective of achieving a return on plan assets consistent with the funding requirements of the plan, maximizing portfolio return and minimizing the impact of market fluctuations on the fair value of the plan assets. As a result of an annual review of historical returns and market trends, the expected long-term weighted average rate of return for the U.K. Plan for the 2015 plan year will be 5.2% and for the other European Plans as a group will be 3.25% to 4.0%.
We use actuarial models to account for our pension and postretirement plans, which require the use of certain assumptions, such as the expected long-term rate of return, discount rate, rate of compensation increase, healthcare cost trend rates, and retirement and mortality rates, to determine the net periodic costs of such plans. These assumptions are reviewed and set annually at the beginning of each year. In addition, these models use an “attribution approach” that generally spreads individual events, such as plan amendments and changes in actuarial assumptions, over the service lives of the employees in the plan. That is, employees render service over their
service lives on a relatively smooth basis and therefore, the income statement effects of retirement and postretirement benefit plans are earned in, and should follow, the same pattern.
We use our actual return experience, future expectations of long-term investment returns, and our actual and targeted asset allocations to develop our expected rate of return assumption used in the net periodic cost calculations of our funded European defined benefit retirement plans. Due to the difficulty involved in predicting the market performance of certain assets, there will almost always be a difference in any given year between our expected return on plan assets and the actual return. Following the attribution approach, each year’s difference is amortized over a number of future years. Over time, the expected long-term returns are designed to approximate the actual long-term returns and therefore result in a pattern of income and expense recognition that more closely matches the pattern of the services provided by the employees.
We annually set our discount rate assumption for retirement-related benefits accounting to reflect the rates available on high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments. The discount rate assumption used to calculate net periodic retirement related costs for the European funded plans was 4.40% for 2014, 4.35% in 2013 and 4.73% for 2012, respectively. The rate of compensation increase, which is another significant assumption used in the actuarial model for pension accounting, is determined by us based upon our long-term plans for such increases and assumed inflation. For the postretirement health care and life insurance benefits plan, we review external data and its historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend rates. Retirement and mortality rates are based primarily on actual plan experience.
Actual results that differ from our assumptions are accumulated and amortized over future periods and, therefore, generally affect the net periodic costs and recorded obligations in such future periods. While we believe that the assumptions used are appropriate, significant changes in economic or other conditions, employee demographics, retirement and mortality rates, and investment performance may materially impact such costs and obligations.
For more information regarding our pension and other postretirement benefit plans, see Note 7 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill
We have significant long-lived assets. We review these assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based upon our ability to recover the carrying value of the assets from the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows, before interest and taxes, of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such assets, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The measurement of impairment requires estimates of these cash flows and fair value. The calculation of fair value is determined based on discounted cash flows. In determining fair value a considerable amount of judgment is required to determine discount rates, market premiums, financial forecasts, and asset lives.
In addition, we review goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. We have four reporting units within the Composite Materials segment, each of which are components that constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available and for which appropriate management regularly reviews the operating results. Within the Engineered Products segment, the reporting unit is the segment as it comprises only a single component. In 2014, the Company performed a qualitative assessment and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were not less than their carrying values and it was not necessary to perform the currently prescribed two-step goodwill impairment test.
In 2012 we reassessed the estimated useful lives of certain machinery and equipment. We increased the useful lives of certain machinery and equipment from 20 years to 25 years, and increased the useful lives of certain other machinery and equipment from 10 - 12 years to 20 years. We determined that this adjustment to the useful lives of certain assets is a change in accounting estimate and we accounted for the change prospectively; i.e. the accounting change impacted the three months ended December 31, 2012 and future periods. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2012, the change in accounting estimate lowered depreciation expense by approximately $1.25 million (pre-tax), which was reflected in Gross Margin, or by approximately $0.01 earnings per basic and diluted common share.
Commitments and Contingencies
We are involved in litigation, investigations and claims arising out of the normal conduct of our business, including those relating to commercial transactions, environmental, employment, health and safety matters. We estimate and accrue our liabilities resulting from such matters based upon a variety of factors, including the stage of the proceeding; potential settlement value; assessments by internal and external counsel; and assessments by environmental engineers and consultants of potential environmental liabilities and remediation costs. We believe we have adequately accrued for these potential liabilities; however, facts and circumstances may change, such as new developments, or a change in approach, including a change in settlement strategy or in an environmental remediation plan, that could cause the actual liability to exceed the estimates, or may require adjustments to the recorded liability balances in the future.
Our estimate of liability as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) and our remaining costs associated with our responsibility to remediate the Lower Passaic River, New Jersey; Lodi, New Jersey; Kent, Washington; and other sites are accrued in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, our aggregate environmental related accruals were $5.0 million and $3.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, $3.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively, was included in current other accrued liabilities, with the remainder included in other non-current liabilities. As related to certain environmental matters, except for the Lodi site, the accrual was estimated at the low end of a range of possible outcomes since no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount. In 2014, if we had accrued, for those sites where we are able to estimate our liability, at the high end of the range of possible outcomes, our accrual would have been $28 million higher at December 31, 2014.
These accruals can change significantly from period to period due to such factors as additional information on the nature or extent of contamination, the methods of remediation required, changes in the apportionment of costs among responsible parties and other actions by governmental agencies or private parties, or the impact, if any, of being named in a new matter.
Environmental remediation reserve activity for the three years ended December 31, 2014 was as follows:
Market Risks
As a result of our global operating and financing activities, we are exposed to various market risks that may affect our consolidated results of operations and financial position. These market risks include, but are not limited to, fluctuations in interest rates, which impact the amount of interest we must pay on certain debt instruments, and fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which impact the U.S. dollar value of transactions, assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Our primary currency exposures are in Europe, where we have significant business activities. To a lesser extent, we are also exposed to fluctuations in the prices of certain commodities, such as electricity, natural gas, aluminum, acrylonitrile and certain chemicals.
We attempt to net individual exposures, when feasible, taking advantage of natural offsets. In addition, we employ or may employ interest rate swap agreements, cross-currency swap agreements and foreign currency forward exchange contracts for the purpose of hedging certain specifically identified interest rates and net currency exposures. The use of these financial instruments is intended to mitigate some of the risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates, but does not eliminate such risks. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
Interest Rate Risks
Our long-term debt bears interest at variable rates. From time to time we have entered into interest rate swap agreements to change the underlying mix of variable and fixed interest rate debt. These interest rate swap agreements have modified the percentage of total debt that is exposed to changes in market interest rates. Assuming a 10% favorable and a 10% unfavorable change in the underlying weighted average interest rates of our variable rate debt and swap agreements, interest expense for 2014 of $8.0 million would have decreased to $7.5 million and increased to $8.4 million, respectively.
Interest Rate Swaps
We have entered into approximately $150 million of interest rate swaps at December 31, 2014, that trade the LIBOR on our bank loan for a fixed rate at a weighted average rate of 0.85617%. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges to floating rate bank loans and expire by March 2017. The fair value of interest rate swap agreements is recorded in other assets or other long-term liabilities with a corresponding amount to Other Comprehensive Income.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risks
We operate nine manufacturing facilities in Europe, which generated approximately 48% of our 2014 consolidated net sales. Our European business activities primarily involve three major currencies - the U.S. dollar, the British pound, and the Euro (“EUR”). We also conduct business and sell products to customers throughout the world. Most of the sales in these countries are denominated in U.S. dollars and they have local currency expenses. Currency risk for these locations is not considered material.
In 2014, our European subsidiaries had third-party sales of $897 million of which approximately 56% were denominated in U.S. dollars, 40% were denominated in Euros and 4% were denominated in British pounds. While we seek to reduce the exposure of our European subsidiaries to their sales in non-functional currencies through the purchase of raw materials in the same currency as that of the product sale, the net contribution of these sales to cover the costs of the subsidiary in its functional currency will vary with changes in foreign exchange rates, and as a result, so will vary the European subsidiaries’ percentage margins and profitability. For revenues denominated in the functional currency of the subsidiary, changes in foreign currency exchange rates increase or decrease the value of these revenues in U.S. dollars but do not affect the profitability of the subsidiary in its functional currency. The value of our investments in these countries could be impacted by changes in currency exchange rates over time, and could impact our ability to profitably compete in international markets.
We attempt to net individual functional currency positions of our various European subsidiaries, to take advantage of natural offsets and reduce the need to employ foreign currency forward exchange contracts. We attempt to hedge some, but not necessarily all, of the net exposures of our European subsidiaries resulting from sales they make in non-functional currencies. The benefit of such hedges varies with time and the foreign exchange rates at which the hedges are set. For example, when the Euro strengthened against the U.S. dollar, the benefit of new hedges placed was much less than the value of hedges they replaced that were entered into when the U.S. dollar was stronger. We seek to place additional foreign currency hedges when the dollar strengthens against the Euro or British pound. We do not seek to hedge the value of our European subsidiaries’ functional currency sales and profitability in U.S. dollars. We also enter into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts, usually with a term of ninety days or less, to hedge net currency exposures resulting from specifically identified transactions. Consistent with the nature of the economic hedge provided by such contracts, any unrealized gain or loss would be offset by corresponding decreases or increases, respectively, of the underlying transaction being hedged.
We have performed a sensitivity analysis as of December 31, 2014 using a modeling technique that measures the changes in the fair values arising from a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in the levels of foreign currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar with all other variables held constant. The analysis covers all of our foreign currency hedge contracts. The sensitivity analysis indicated that a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates would have about a $5 million impact on our 2014 operating income. However, it should be noted that over time as the adverse movement (in our case a weaker dollar as compared to the Euro or the British Pound sterling) continues and new hedges are layered in at the adverse rate, the impact would be more significant. For example, had we not had any hedges in place for 2014, a 10% adverse movement would have reduced our operating income by about $16 million.
Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts
A number of our European subsidiaries are exposed to the impact of exchange rate volatility between the U.S. dollar and the subsidiaries’ functional currencies, being either the Euro or the British Pound sterling. We entered into contracts to exchange U.S. dollars for Euros and British Pound sterling through June 2017. The aggregate notional amount of these contracts was $255.8 million and $187.1 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The purpose of these contracts is to hedge a portion of the forecasted transactions of European subsidiaries under long-term sales contracts with certain customers. These contracts are expected to provide us with a more balanced matching of future cash receipts and expenditures by currency, thereby reducing our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. For the three years ended December 31, 2014, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial. Cash flows associated with these contracts are classified within net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations.
The activity, net of tax, in “accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income” related to foreign currency forward exchange contracts for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was as follows:
Unrealized losses of $5.4 million recorded in “accumulated other comprehensive income,” net of tax, as of December 31, 2014 are expected to be reclassified into earnings over the next twelve months as the hedged sales are recorded. The impact of credit risk adjustments was immaterial for the three years.
In addition, non-designated foreign exchange forward contracts are used to hedge balance sheet exposures. The notional amounts outstanding at December 31, 2014 were U.S. $153.0 million against EUR, and British Pound sterling 6.0 million against EUR and at December 31, 2013 were U.S. $173.7 million against EUR and British Pound sterling 11.0 million against EUR. Changes in fair value of these forward contracts are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and were a loss of $16.3 million and gains of $7.6 million and $5.3 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Utility Price Risks
We have exposure to utility price risks as a result of volatility in the cost and supply of energy and in natural gas. To minimize the risk, from time to time we enter into fixed price contracts at certain of our manufacturing locations for a portion of our energy usage. Although these contracts would reduce the risk to us during the contract period, future volatility in the supply and pricing of energy and natural gas could have an impact on our future consolidated results of operations.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
New Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The update clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue and develops a common revenue standard for all industries. The new guidance is effective for the first quarter of 2017. Early application is not permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this prospective guidance on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Description
Page
Management’s Responsibility for Consolidated Financial Statements
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Financial Statements of Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the three years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45-72
Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Management’s Responsibility for Consolidated Financial Statements
Hexcel management has prepared and is responsible for the consolidated financial statements and the related financial data contained in this report. These financial statements, which include estimates, were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Management uses its best judgment to ensure that such statements reflect fairly the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors reviews and monitors the consolidated financial statements and accounting policies of Hexcel. These financial statements and policies are reviewed regularly by management and such financial statements are audited by our independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. The Audit Committee, composed solely of outside directors, meets periodically, separately and jointly, with management and the independent registered public accounting firm.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Hexcel management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the company’s board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
·
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
·
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and
·
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Hexcel management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2014, our internal control over financial reporting was effective.
The effectiveness of Hexcel’s internal control over financial reporting, as of December 31, 2014, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report that appears on page 40.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Hexcel Corporation
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(1) present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Hexcel Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in index appearing under Item 15(a)(1). Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Stamford, Connecticut
February 5, 2015
Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31,
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the Years Ended December 31,
Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the Years Ended December 31,
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
For the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Years Ended December 31,
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Operations
Hexcel Corporation and its subsidiaries (herein referred to as “Hexcel”, “the Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), is a leading advanced composites company. We develop, manufacture, and market lightweight, high-performance structural materials, including carbon fibers, specialty reinforcements, prepregs and other fiber-reinforced matrix materials, honeycomb, adhesives, engineered honeycomb and composite structures, for use in Commercial Aerospace, Space & Defense and Industrial Applications. Our products are used in a wide variety of end applications, such as commercial and military aircraft, space launch vehicles and satellites, wind turbine blades, automotive, a wide variety of recreational products and other industrial applications.
We serve international markets through manufacturing facilities, sales offices and representatives located in the Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific and Russia. We are also a partner in a joint venture in Malaysia, which manufactures composite structures for commercial aerospace applications and a joint venture in the UK which specializes in lightweight multi-axial fabrics.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hexcel Corporation and its subsidiaries after elimination of all intercompany accounts, transactions and profits. We have a 50% equity ownership investment in an Asian joint venture Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. (“ACM”) and in Formax UK Limited (“Formax”). These investments are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Use of Estimates
Preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased. Our cash equivalents are held in prime money market investments with strong sponsor organizations which are monitored on a continuous basis.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out and average cost methods. Inventory is reported at its estimated net realizable value based upon our historical experience with inventory becoming obsolete due to age, changes in technology and other factors.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment, including capitalized interest applicable to major project expenditures, is recorded at cost. Asset and accumulated depreciation accounts are eliminated for dispositions, with resulting gains or losses reflected in earnings. Depreciation of plant and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various assets. The estimated useful lives range from 10 to 40 years for buildings and improvements and from 3 to 25 years for machinery and equipment. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred, while major replacements and betterments are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the related asset.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets of an acquired business. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. The Company’s annual test for goodwill impairment was performed in the fourth quarter. The Company performed a qualitative assessment and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were not less than their carrying values and it was not necessary to perform the currently prescribed two-step goodwill impairment test.
We amortize the cost of other intangibles over their estimated useful lives unless such lives are deemed indefinite. The Company has indefinite-lived intangible assets, consisting of purchased emissions credits. These indefinite lived intangibles are tested annually for impairment as of November 30th, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate the potential for impairment. If the carrying amount of the indefinite lived intangible exceeds the fair value, the intangible asset is written down to its fair value. Fair value is calculated using discounted cash flows.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and identifiable intangible assets, for impairment whenever changes in circumstances or events may indicate that the carrying amounts are not recoverable. These indicators include: a significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which a long-lived asset is used or its physical condition, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climate that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount expected for the acquisition or construction of a long-lived asset, a current period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of losses associated with a long-lived asset and a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated life.
Software Development Costs
Costs incurred to develop software for internal-use are accounted for under ASC 350-40, “Internal-Use Software.” All costs relating to the preliminary project stage and the post-implementation/operation stage are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized over the useful life of the software. The amortization of capitalized costs commences when the computer software is ready for its intended use.
Investments
We have a 50% equity ownership investment in an Asian joint venture Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd and in Formax. We account for our share of the earnings of these affiliated companies using the equity method of accounting. The Company has the right to purchase the remaining 50% of the shares of Formax on the fifth anniversary of the original purchase date (December 2019) for approximately $10 million plus 50% of the income generated since the inception of the joint venture. The Company’s partner has the right to put the sale of the remaining 50% of the shares of Formax to the Company on the third anniversary of inception (December 2017) for approximately $10 million plus 50% of the income generated during the first three years of the joint venture.
Debt Financing Costs
Debt financing costs are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the life of the related debt. At December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, deferred debt financing costs, net of accumulated amortization, were $4.8 million, $5.0 million and $4.6 million.
Share-Based Compensation
The fair value of Restricted Stock Units (RSU’s) is equal to the market price of our stock at date of grant and is amortized to expense ratably over the vesting period. Performance restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) are a form of RSUs in which the number of shares ultimately received depends on the extent to which we achieve a specified performance target. The fair value of the PRSU is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and is amortized straight-line over the total vesting period. A change in the performance measure expected to be achieved is recorded as an adjustment in the period in which the change occurs. We use the Black-Scholes model to value compensation expense for all option-based payment awards made to employees and directors based on estimated fair values on the grant date. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods in our consolidated statements of operations. The value of RSU’s, PRSU’s and non-qualifying options awards for retirement eligible employees is expensed on the grant date as they are fully vested.
Currency Translation
The assets and liabilities of international subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Cumulative currency translation adjustments are included in “accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income” in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheets. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are not material.
Revenue Recognition
Our revenue is predominately derived from sales of inventory, and is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss passes to the customer, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. However, from time to time we enter into contractual arrangements for which other specific revenue recognition guidance is applied.
Revenues derived from design and installation services are recognized when the service is provided. Revenues derived from long-term construction-type contracts are accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method, and progress is measured on a cost-to-cost basis. If at any time expected costs exceed the value of the contract, the loss is recognized immediately.
Product Warranty
We provide for an estimated amount of product warranty at the point a claim is probable and estimable. This estimated amount is provided by product and based on current facts, circumstances and historical warranty experience.
Research and Technology
Significant costs are incurred each year in connection with research and technology (“R&T”) programs that are expected to contribute to future earnings. Such costs are related to the development and, in certain instances, the qualification and certification of new and improved products and their uses. R&T costs are expensed as incurred.
Income Taxes
We provide for income taxes using the liability approach. Under the liability approach, deferred income tax assets and liabilities reflect tax net operating loss and credit carryforwards and the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets require a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not, based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence, that some portion of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the timing and magnitude of future taxable income prior to the expiration of the deferred tax assets’ attributes. When events and circumstances so dictate, we evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance by forecasting future taxable income. Investment tax credits are recorded on a flow-through basis, which reflects the credit in net income as a reduction of the provision for income taxes in the same period as the credit is realized for federal income tax purposes. In addition, we recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of interest expense and penalties as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of trade accounts receivable. Two customers and their related subcontractors accounted for over 60% our annual net sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012. Refer to Note 16 for further information on significant customers. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition but generally do not require collateral or other security to support customer receivables. We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based on factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other financial information. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Bad debt expense was immaterial for all years presented.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We use various financial instruments, including foreign currency forward exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements, to manage our exposure to market fluctuations by generating cash flows that offset, in relation to their amount and timing, the cash flows of certain foreign currency denominated transactions or underlying debt instruments. We mark our foreign exchange forward contracts to fair value. The change in the fair value is recorded in current period earnings. When the derivatives qualify, we designate our foreign currency forward exchange contracts as cash flow hedges against forecasted foreign currency denominated transactions and report the effective portions of changes in fair value of the instruments in “accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income” until the underlying hedged transactions affect income. We designate our interest rate swap agreements as fair value or cash flow hedges against specific debt instruments and recognize interest differentials as adjustments to interest expense as the differentials may occur; the fair value of the interest rate swaps is recorded in other assets or other long-term liabilities with a corresponding amount to “accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income”. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
In accordance with accounting guidance, we recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on our balance sheet and measure those instruments at fair value.
Self-insurance
We are self-insured up to specific levels for certain medical and health insurance and workers’ compensation plans. Accruals are established based on actuarial assumptions and historical claim experience, and include estimated amounts for incurred but not reported claims.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The update clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue and develops a common revenue standard for all industries. The new guidance is effective for the first quarter of 2017. Early application is not permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this prospective guidance on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
Note 2 - Inventories
Note 3 - Net Property, Plant and Equipment
Depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, was $71.2 million, $59.3 million and $57.2 million, respectively. Capitalized interest of $2.6 million and $2.9 million for 2014 and 2013, respectively, was included in construction in progress and is associated with our carbon fiber expansion programs. Capitalized costs associated with software developed for internal use were $5.7 million and $4.4 million for 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Note 4 - Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amount of gross goodwill and other purchased intangibles for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, by segment, are as follows:
We performed our annual impairment review of goodwill as of November 30, 2014 and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units are above their carrying values. The addition to intangible assets in 2013 represents a license agreement with a third party. The goodwill and intangible asset balances as of December 31, 2014 include $3.6 million of indefinite-lived intangible assets, $2.6 of a definitive-lived intangible asset and $53.6 million of goodwill.
Note 5 - Debt
Senior Credit Facility
In September 2014 we entered into a new $700 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility which matures in September 2019. The new facility replaces the Company’s previous senior secured credit facility (a $600 million revolving loan) that would have expired in June 2018. The initial interest rate for the revolver is LIBOR + 1.25%. The proceeds from the new facility were used to repay all amounts, and terminate all commitments outstanding under the Company’s credit agreement and to pay fees and expenses in connection with the refinancing. As a result of the refinancing, the Company accelerated certain unamortized financing costs of the credit facility being replaced incurring a pretax charge of $0.5 million in the third quarter of 2014.
The new facility contains financial and other covenants, including, but not limited to, restrictions on the incurrence of debt and the granting of liens, as well as the maintenance of an interest coverage ratio and a leverage ratio. In accordance with the terms of the new facility, we are required to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 3.50 (based on the ratio of EBITDA, as defined in the credit agreement, to interest expense) and may not exceed a maximum leverage ratio of 3.50 (based on the ratio of total debt to EBITDA) throughout the term of the new facility. In addition, the new facility contains other terms and conditions such as customary representations and warranties, additional covenants and customary events of default.
Other Credit Facility
We have a $10.0 million borrowing facility for working capital needs of our Chinese entity with an outstanding balance of $1.3 million on December 31, 2014. The facility contains a $10.0 million revolving credit line. These funds can only be used locally, and accordingly, we do not include this facility in our borrowing capacity disclosures. The facility is guaranteed by Hexcel Corporation, but is uncommitted and cancellable by the lender at any time.
Aggregate Maturities of Debt
The table below reflects aggregate scheduled maturities of debt as of December 31, 2014.
Note 6 - Leasing Arrangements
Certain sales and administrative offices, data processing equipment and manufacturing facilities are leased under operating leases. We recognize rental expense on operating leases straight-line over the term of a lease. Total rental expense was $12.7 million in 2014, $12.6 million in 2013 and $13.2 million in 2012.
Scheduled future minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2014 were:
Note 7 - Retirement and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
We maintain qualified defined benefit retirement plans covering certain current and former European employees, as well as nonqualified defined benefit retirement plans and retirement savings plans covering certain eligible U.S. and European employees, and participate in a union sponsored multi-employer pension plan covering certain U.S. employees with union affiliations. In addition, we provide certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to eligible U.S. retirees.
Accounting standards require the use of certain assumptions, such as the expected long-term rate of return, discount rate, rate of compensation increase, healthcare cost trend rates, and retirement and mortality rates, to determine the net periodic costs of such plans. These assumptions are reviewed and set annually at the beginning of each year. In addition, these models use an “attribution approach” that generally spreads individual events, such as plan amendments and changes in actuarial assumptions, over the service lives of the employees in the plan. That is, employees render service over their service lives on a relatively smooth basis and therefore, the income statement effects of retirement and postretirement benefit plans are earned in, and should follow, the same pattern.
We use our actual return experience, future expectations of long-term investment returns, and our actual and targeted asset allocations to develop our expected rate of return assumption used in the net periodic cost calculations of our funded European defined benefit retirement plans. Due to the difficulty involved in predicting the market performance of certain assets, there will be a difference in any given year between our expected return on plan assets and the actual return. Following the attribution approach, each year’s difference is amortized over a number of future years. Over time, the expected long-term returns are designed to approximate the actual long-term returns and therefore result in a pattern of income and expense recognition that more closely matches the pattern of the services provided by the employees.
We annually set our discount rate assumption for retirement-related benefits accounting to reflect the rates available on high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments. The rate of compensation increase for nonqualified pension plans, which is another significant assumption used in the actuarial model for pension accounting, is determined by us based upon our long-term plans for such increases and assumed inflation. For the postretirement health care and life insurance benefits plan, we review external data and its historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend rates. Retirement and termination rates are based primarily on actual plan experience. The mortality table used for the U.S. plans is based on the RP2000 Mortality Table projected to 2021 and for the U.K. Plans the S1NA table with CMI 2011 projections (1.5% p.a. future improvements).
Actual results that differ from our assumptions are accumulated and amortized over future periods and, therefore, generally affect the net periodic costs and recorded obligations in such future periods. While we believe that the assumptions used are appropriate, significant changes in economic or other conditions, employee demographics, retirement and mortality rates, and investment performance may materially impact such costs and obligations.
U.S. Defined Benefit Retirement Plans
We have nonqualified defined benefit retirement plans covering certain current and former U.S. employees that are funded as benefits are incurred. Under the provisions of these plans, we expect to contribute approximately $4.5 million in 2015 to cover unfunded benefits.
Multi-Employer Plan
The Company is party to a multi-employer pension plan covering certain U.S. employees with union affiliations. The plan is the Western Metal Industry Pension Fund, (“the Plan”). The Plan’s employer identification number is 91-6033499; the Plan number is 001. In 2013, the Plan reported Hexcel Corporation as being an employer that contributed greater than 5% of the Plan’s total contributions. The expiration date of the collective bargaining agreement is September 30, 2015. The Plan has been listed in “critical status” and has been operating in accordance with a Rehabilitation Plan since 2010. The Plan, as amended under the Rehabilitation Plan, reduced the adjustable benefits of the participants and levied a surcharge on employer contributions. The Company has contributed approximately $1.8 million in 2014 and approximately $1.0 million in 2013 and 2012. We expect the Company’s contribution to be about $1.5 million in 2015 and remain at that level over the next few years.
U.S. Retirement Savings Plan
Under the retirement savings plan, eligible U.S. employees can contribute up to 75% of their annual compensation to an individual 401(k) retirement savings account. The Company makes matching contributions equal to 50% of employee contributions, not to exceed 3% of employee compensation each year. We also contribute an additional 2% to 4% of each eligible employee’s salary to an individual 401(k) retirement savings account. This increases the maximum contribution to individual employee savings accounts to between 5% and 7% per year, before any profit sharing contributions that are made when we meet or exceed certain performance targets that are set annually. These profit sharing contributions are made at the Company’s discretion and are targeted at 3% of an eligible employee’s pay, with a maximum of 4.5%.
U.S. Postretirement Plans
In addition to defined benefit and retirement savings plan benefits, we also provide certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to eligible U.S. retirees. Depending upon the plan, benefits are available to eligible employees who retire after meeting certain age and service requirements and were employed by Hexcel as of February 1996. Our funding policy for the postretirement health care and life insurance benefit plans is generally to pay covered expenses as they are incurred. Under the provisions of these plans, we expect to contribute approximately $0.6 million in 2015 to cover unfunded benefits.
European Defined Benefit Retirement Plans
We have defined benefit retirement plans in the United Kingdom, Belgium, France and Austria covering certain employees of our subsidiaries in those countries. The defined benefit plan in the United Kingdom (the “U.K. Plan”), the largest of the European plans, was terminated in 2011 and replaced with a defined contribution plan. As of December 31, 2014, 33% of the total assets in the U.K. Plan were invested in equities and 27% of the total assets were invested in diversified growth funds. Equity investments and growth fund investments are made with the objective of achieving a return on plan assets consistent with the funding requirements of the plan, maximizing portfolio return and minimizing the impact of market fluctuations on the fair value of the plan assets. As a result of an annual review of historical returns and market trends, the expected long-term weighted average rate of return for the U.K. Plan for the 2015 plan year will be 5.2% and 3.25% to 4.0% for the other European Plans as a group.
U.K. Defined Contribution Pension Plan
Under the Defined Contribution Section, eligible U.K. employees can belong to the Deferred Contribution Plan on a non-participatory basis or can elect to contribute 3%, 5% or 7% of their pensionable salary. The Company will contribute 5%, 9% and 13% respectively. The plan also provides life insurance and disability insurance benefits for members.
Retirement and Other Postretirement Plans - France
The employees of our French subsidiaries are entitled to receive a lump-sum payment upon retirement subject to certain service conditions under the provisions of the national chemicals and textile workers collective bargaining agreements. The amounts attributable to the French plans have been included within the total expense and obligation amounts noted for the European plans.
Net Periodic Pension Expense
Net periodic expense for our U.S. and European qualified and nonqualified defined benefit pension plans and our retirement savings plans for the three years ended December 31, 2014 is detailed in the table below.
Defined Benefit Retirement and Postretirement Plans
Net periodic cost of our defined benefit retirement and postretirement plans for the three years ended December 31, 2014, were:
The Company expects to recognize $1.2 million of net actuarial loss and an immaterial net prior service cost as a component of net periodic pension cost in 2015 for its defined benefit plans. The recognition of net actuarial gain as a component of net periodic postretirement benefit cost in 2015 is expected to be $0.6 million.
The benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, and amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements for our defined benefit retirement plans and postretirement plans, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, were:
The measurement date used to determine the benefit obligations and plan assets of the defined benefit retirement and postretirement plans was December 31, 2014.
The total accumulated benefit obligation (“ABO”) for the U.S. defined benefit retirement plans was $17.8 million and $40.9 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Excluding the U.K. Plan, the European Plans’ ABO exceeded plan assets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, by $12.2 million and $11.0 million, respectively. These plans’ ABO was $18.0 million and $17.5 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The ABO and plan assets of the U.K. Plan are excluded from the ABO disclosures as the plan is overfunded in 2014 and 2013.
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the accrued benefit costs for the defined benefit retirement plans and postretirement benefit plans included within “accrued compensation and benefits” was $5.5 million and $24.8 million, respectively, and within “other non-current liabilities” was $37.4 million and $39.6 million, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Benefit payments for the plans are expected to be as follows:
Fair Values of Pension Assets
The following table presents pension assets measured at fair value at December 31, 2014 and 2013 utilizing the fair value hierarchy discussed in Note 19:
Plan assets are invested in a number of unit linked pooled funds by an independent asset management group. Equity funds are split 40/60 between U.K. and overseas equity funds (North America, Japan, Asia Pacific and Emerging Markets). The asset management firm uses quoted prices in active markets to value the assets.
Diversified growth funds are invested in a broad spectrum of return seeking asset classes with reduced dependency on any particular asset class. This approach targets growth asset returns with lower risk resulting from the diversification across different asset classes.
The liability driven investments’ allocation aims to hedge against the exposure to interest rate risk through the use of interest rate swaps.
The Bond Allocation is invested in a number of Active Corporate Bond funds which are pooled funds. The Corporate Bond funds primarily invest in corporate fixed income securities denominated in British Pounds Sterling with credit ratings of BBB- and above. We use quoted prices in active markets to value the assets.
The index-linked gilt allocation provides a partial interest rate and inflation rate hedge against the valuation of the liabilities.
Insurance contracts contain a minimum guaranteed return. The fair value of the assets is equal to the total amount of all individual technical reserves plus the non-allocated employer’s financing fund reserves at the valuation date. The individual technical and financing fund reserves are equal to the accumulated paid contributions taking into account the insurance tarification and any allocated profit sharing return.
The actual allocations for the pension assets at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and target allocations by asset class, are as follows:
Assumptions
The assumed discount rate for pension plans reflects the market rates for high-quality fixed income debt instruments currently available. The Buck Standard Yield Curve was used for the U.S. non-qualified and postretirement plans. For the U.K. plan, plan cash flows were not available and therefore we considered the derived yield to market on a representative bond of suitable duration taken from Buck’s synthetic bond yield curve. We believe that the timing and amount of cash flows related to these instruments is expected to match the estimated defined benefit payment streams of our plans. The assumed discount rate for the U.S. non-qualified plans uses individual discount rates for each plan based on their associated cash flows.
Salary increase assumptions are based on historical experience and anticipated future management actions. For the postretirement health care and life insurance benefit plans, we review external data and our historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend rates. Retirement rates are based primarily on actual plan experience and on rates from previously mentioned mortality tables. Actual results that differ from our assumptions are accumulated and amortized over future periods and, therefore, generally affect the net periodic costs and recorded obligations in such future periods. While we believe that the assumptions used are appropriate, significant changes in economic or other conditions, employee demographics, retirement and mortality rates, and investment performance may materially impact such costs and obligations.
Assumptions used to estimate the actuarial present value of benefit obligations at December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are shown in the following table. These year-end values are the basis for determining net periodic costs for the following year.
The following table presents the impact that a one-percentage-point increase and a one-percentage-point decrease in the expected long-term rate of return and discount rate would have on the 2015 pension expense, and the impact on our retirement obligation as of December 31, 2014 for a one-percentage-point change in the discount rate:
The annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits is assumed to be 7.5% for medical non-Medicare eligible, 5.8% for Medicare eligible and 5.0% for dental and vision for 2015. The medical rates are assumed to gradually decline to 4.5% by 2021, whereas dental and vision rates are assumed to remain constant at 5.0%. A one-percentage-point increase and a one-percentage-point decrease in the assumed health care cost trend would have an insignificant impact on the total of service and interest cost components, and would have an unfavorable and a favorable impact of approximately $0.2 million and $0.2 million on the postretirement benefit obligation for both 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Note 8 - Income Taxes
Income before income taxes and the provision for income taxes, for the three years ended December 31, 2014, were as follows:
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 35% to the effective income tax rate, for the three years ended December 31, 2014, is as follows:
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we did not have a U.S. income tax provision for undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries. We do not currently have any specific plans to repatriate funds from our international subsidiaries; however we may do so in the future if a dividend can be remitted with no material tax impact. As of December 31, 2014, we have approximately $355 million of unremitted foreign earnings that we intend to keep indefinitely reinvested. Estimating the tax liability that would result if these earnings were repatriated is not practicable at this time.
Deferred Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes result from tax attributes including foreign tax credits, net operating loss carryforwards and temporary differences between the recognition of items for income tax purposes and financial reporting purposes. Principal components of deferred income taxes as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are:
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as presented in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows and are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets, deferred tax assets, other accrued liabilities and other non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets:
In accordance with ASU No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists, which requires an unrecognized tax benefit to be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward on a jurisdictional basis, the Company’s long term deferred tax assets were reduced by $6.9 million and $21.4 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively.
The deferred tax assets for the respective periods were assessed for recoverability and, where applicable, a valuation allowance was recorded to reduce the total deferred tax asset to an amount that will, more likely than not, be realized in the future. The net change in the total valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 was a decrease of $1.8 million and an increase $12.9 million, respectively. The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 relates primarily to net operating loss carryforwards of our foreign subsidiaries for which we have determined, based upon historical results and projected future book and taxable income levels, that a valuation allowance should continue to be maintained.
Although realization is not assured, we have concluded that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets, for which a valuation allowance was determined to be unnecessary, will be realized in the ordinary course of operations based on the available positive and negative evidence, including scheduling of deferred tax liabilities and projected income from operating activities. The amount of the net deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if actual future income or income tax rates are lower than estimated, or if there are differences in the timing or amount of future reversals of existing taxable or deductible temporary differences.
Net Operating Loss & Tax Credit Carryforwards
At December 31, 2014, we had tax credit carryforwards for U.S. tax purposes of $9.5 million available to offset future income taxes. These credits will begin to expire if not utilized in 2015.
We also had net operating loss carryforwards for foreign income tax purposes of $211.6 million, for which there are valuation allowances of $207.9 million as of December 31, 2014. Our foreign net operating losses can be carried forward without limitation in Belgium, Luxembourg and the U.K. The carryforward period in Spain and China is limited to 18 and 5 years, respectively. We have a full valuation allowance against certain foreign net operating losses for which the Company believes it is not more likely than not that the net operating losses will be utilized.
Uncertain Tax Positions
Our unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2014, relate to various Foreign and U.S. jurisdictions.
The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefits:
Included in the unrecognized tax benefits of $43.1 million at December 31, 2014 was $39.4 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact our annual effective tax rate. In addition, we recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of interest expense and penalties as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized $1.5 million, $0.7 million, $0.1 million of interest expense and penalties related to the above unrecognized tax benefits in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company had accrued interest of approximately $2.7 million and $1.6 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. During 2014 we reversed $0.1 million of interest related to unrecognized tax benefits.
We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states and foreign jurisdictions. The U.S. tax returns have been audited through 2007. Foreign and U.S. state jurisdictions have statutes of limitations generally ranging from 3 to 5 years. Years still open to examination by U.S. and foreign tax authorities in major jurisdictions include Austria (2012 onward), Belgium (2012 onward), France (2011 onward), Spain (2004 onward), U.K. (2013 onward) and U.S (2011 onward). We are currently under examination in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions.
As of December 31, 2014, we had uncertain tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts of unrecognized tax benefits could significantly change over the next year. These uncertain tax positions relate to our tax returns from 2004 onward, some of which are currently under examination by certain U.S. and European tax authorities. Within the next twelve months, the Company believes it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefit associated with uncertain positions may be reduced. The Company believes it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits disclosed as of December 31, 2014 may decrease approximately $8 to $14 million in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015. Such possible decrease relates primarily to audit settlements and the expiration of statutes of limitation.
Note 9 - Capital Stock
Common Stock Outstanding
Common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was as follows:
In June 2014, our Board authorized an additional plan to repurchase $150 million of our outstanding common stock (“2014 Repurchase Plan”). In July 2013, our Board authorized us to repurchase $150 million of our outstanding common stock (“2013 Repurchase Plan”), which was completed during the second quarter of 2014. During the first nine months of 2014, the Company spent $160.0 million to repurchase 3,993,401 shares of common stock under the approved plans. At December 31, 2014, there is $100 million remaining authorized under the 2014 Repurchase Plan.
In December 2012, our Board authorized us to repurchase up to $50 million of our outstanding common stock (“Repurchase Plan”). During the six-month period ended June 30, 2013 the Company repurchased a total of 1,573,588 shares at a cost of $50 million and completed the December 2012 Repurchase Plan.
Note 10 - Stock-Based Compensation
The following table details the stock-based compensation expense by type of award for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
Non-Qualified Stock Options
Non-qualified stock options have been granted to our employees and directors under our stock compensation plan. Options granted generally vest over three years and expire ten years from the date of grant.
A summary of option activity under the plan for the three years ended December 31, 2014 is as follows:
(a)
Unrecognized compensation cost relates to nonvested stock options and is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting period ranging from one year to three years.
The following table summarizes information about non-qualified stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2014:
(a)
in millions
Valuation Assumptions in Estimating Fair Value
We estimated the fair value of stock options at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
We determine the expected option life for each grant based on ten years of historical option activity for two separate groups of employees (executive and non-executive). The weighted-average expected life (“WAEL”) is derived from the average midpoint
between the vesting and the contractual term and considers the effect of both the inclusion and exclusion of post-vesting cancellations during the ten-year period. Expected volatility is calculated based on a blend of both historic volatility of our common stock and implied volatility of our traded options. We weigh both volatility inputs equally and utilize the average as the volatility input for the Black-Scholes calculation. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant and corresponding to the expected term. No dividends were paid in either period.
Restricted Stock Units - Service Based
As of December 31, 2014, a total of 511,786 shares of service based restricted stock (“RSUs”) were outstanding, which vest based on years of service under the 2003 and 2013 incentive stock plans. RSUs are granted to key employees, executives and directors of the Company. The fair value of the RSU is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and is amortized on a straight line basis over the requisite service period. The stock-based compensation expense recognized is based on an estimate of shares ultimately expected to vest, and therefore it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures.
The table presented below provides a summary of the Company’s RSU activity for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
As of December 31, 2014, there was total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested RSUs of $3.9 million, which is to be recognized over the remaining vesting period ranging from one year to three years.
Restricted Stock Units - Performance Based
As of December 31, 2014, a total of 443,969 shares of performance based restricted stock (“PRSUs”) were outstanding under the 2003 and 2013 incentive stock plans. The total amount of PRSUs that will ultimately vest is based on the achievement of various financial performance targets set forth by the Company’s Compensation Committee on the date of grant. PRSUs are based on a three year performance period. Based on current projections and performance targets, it is estimated that an additional 0.3 million performance shares may be issuable for the 2012, 2013 and 2014 awards. The fair value of the PRSU is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and is amortized straight-line over the total three year period. A change in the performance measure expected to be achieved is recorded as an adjustment in the period in which the change occurs.
The table presented below provides a summary, of the Company’s PRSU activity, at original grant amounts, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
As of December 31, 2014, there was total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested PRSUs of $2.0 million, which is to be recognized over the remaining vesting period ranging from one year to three years. The final amount of compensation cost to be recognized is dependent upon our financial performance.
Stock-Based Compensation Cash Activity
During 2014, cash received from stock option exercises and from employee stock purchases was $6.1 million. We used $7.8 million in cash related to the shares withheld to satisfy employee tax obligations for NQOs exercised and RSUs and PRSUs converted during the year ended December 31, 2014. We realized a tax benefit of $5.8 million in connection with stock options exercised and RSUs and PRSUs converted during 2014.
We classify the cash flows resulting from these tax benefits as financing cash flows. We either issue new shares of our common stock or utilize treasury shares upon the exercise of stock options or the conversion of stock units.
Shares Authorized for Grant
As of December 31, 2014, an aggregate of 3.4 million shares were authorized for future grant under our stock plan, which covers stock options, RSUs, PRSUs and at the discretion of Hexcel, could result in the issuance of other types of stock-based awards.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)
The Company offers an ESPP, which allows for eligible employees to contribute up to 10% of their base earnings toward the quarterly purchase of our common stock at a purchase price equal to 85% of the fair market value of the common stock. There were 28,453 and 31,003 ESPP shares purchased in 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Note 11 - Net Income Per Common Share
Computations of basic and diluted net income per common share for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, are as follows:
Note 12 - Derivative Financial Instruments
Interest Rate Swap Agreements
As of December 31, 2014 the Company had two agreements to swap $75 million of floating rate obligations for fixed rate obligations at an average of 0.959% and 0.754% against LIBOR in U.S. dollars. Of the total of $150 million of swaps outstanding at December 31, 2014, $50 million matures each of March 2016, September 2016 and March 2017. All of the swaps were accounted for as cash flow hedges of our floating rate bank loans. To ensure the swaps were highly effective, all the principal terms of the swaps matched the terms of the bank loans. The fair value of the interest rate swaps was an asset of $0.1 million and a liability of $0.3 million at December 31, 2014 and a liability of $0.6 million at December 31, 2013.
Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts
A number of our European subsidiaries are exposed to the impact of exchange rate volatility between the U.S. dollar and the subsidiaries’ functional currencies, being either the Euro or the British Pound sterling. We entered into contracts to exchange U.S. dollars for Euros and British Pound sterling through March 2017. The aggregate notional amount of these contracts was $255.8 million and $187.1 million at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The purpose of these contracts is to hedge a portion of the forecasted transactions of European subsidiaries under long-term sales contracts with certain customers. These contracts are expected to provide us with a more balanced matching of future cash receipts and expenditures by currency, thereby reducing our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. The effective portion of the hedges was a loss of $18.4 million; and a gain of $7.9 million and $6.4 million, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively and are recorded in other comprehensive income (“OCI”). At December 31, 2014, $0.3 million of the carrying amount of these contracts was classified in other assets and $12.7 million in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and $11.5 million in other assets and $0.6 million classified in other liabilities at December 31, 2013. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recognized a net gain of $4.6 million, a net gain of $0.4 million and a net loss of $3.1 million, respectively, recorded in sales. For the three years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.
In addition, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts which are not designated as hedges. These are used to provide an offset to transactional gains or losses arising from the remeasurement of non-functional monetary assets and liabilities such as accounts receivable. The change in the fair value of the derivatives is recorded in the statement of operations. There are no credit contingency features in these derivatives. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recognized a net foreign exchange loss of $16.3 million, a gain of $7.6 million, and a gain of $5.3 million, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations. The carrying amount of the contracts for asset and liability derivatives not designated as hedging instruments was $0.8 million classified in other assets and $5.5 million in other liabilities and $2.6 million classified in other assets and $0.1 million in other liabilities on the December 31, 2014 and 2013 consolidated balance sheets, respectively.
The activity , net of tax, in “accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income” related to foreign currency forward exchange contracts for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was as follows:
Unrealized losses of $5.4 million recorded in “accumulated other comprehensive income,” net of tax of $1.9 million, as of December 31, 2014 are expected to be reclassified into earnings over the next twelve months as the hedged sales are recorded. The impact of credit risk adjustments was immaterial for the three years.
Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies
We are involved in litigation, investigations and claims arising out of the normal conduct of our business, including those relating to commercial transactions, environmental, employment, health and safety matters. We estimate and accrue our liabilities resulting from such matters based on a variety of factors, including the stage of the proceeding; potential settlement value; assessments by internal and external counsel; and assessments by environmental engineers and consultants of potential environmental liabilities and remediation costs. Such estimates are not discounted to reflect the time value of money due to the uncertainty in estimating the timing of the expenditures, which may extend over several years.
While it is impossible to ascertain the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to certain contingent liabilities and claims, we believe, based upon our examination of currently available information, our experience to date, and advice from legal counsel, that the individual and aggregate liabilities resulting from the ultimate resolution of these contingent matters, after taking into consideration our existing insurance coverage and amounts already provided for, will not have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to various U.S. and international federal, state and local environmental, and health and safety laws and regulations. We are also subject to liabilities arising under the Federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA” or “Superfund”), the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and similar state and international laws and regulations that impose responsibility for the control, remediation and abatement of air, water and soil pollutants and the manufacturing, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous substances and waste.
We have been named as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) with respect to several hazardous waste disposal sites that we do not own or possess, which are included on, or proposed to be included on, the Superfund National Priority List of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) or on equivalent lists of various state governments. Because CERCLA allows for joint and several liability in certain circumstances, we could be responsible for all remediation costs at such sites, even if we are one of many PRPs. We believe, based on the amount and nature of our waste, and the number of other financially viable PRPs, that our liability in connection with such matters will not be material.
Lodi, New Jersey Site
Pursuant to the New Jersey Industrial Site Recovery Act, Hexcel entered into an Administrative Consent Order for the environmental remediation of a manufacturing facility we own and formerly operated in Lodi, New Jersey. We have been remediating this site in accordance with a State approved plan and continue to do so under the New Jersey Licensed Site Remediation Professional program. As of December 31, 2014, Hexcel has completed all active investigation and remediation activities. Hexcel’s final phase of clean-up will include restoration of the river embankment and installation of a barrier to prevent contaminant migration. We accrued charges of $3.7 million in 2014 for this additional work and for costs to decommission the site. Hexcel is in the process of monitoring contaminant levels to support a Monitored Natural Attenuation program. The accrual balance was $1.7 million as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.
Lower Passaic River Study Area
Hexcel and a group of approximately 72 other PRPs comprise the Lower Passaic Cooperating Parties Group (the “CPG”). Hexcel and the CPG are subject to a May 2007 Administrative Order on Consent (“AOC”) to perform a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (“RI/FS”) of environmental conditions in the Lower Passaic River watershed. We were included in the CPG based on our operations at our former manufacturing site in Lodi, New Jersey.
In June 2007, the EPA issued a draft Focused Feasibility Study (“FFS”) that considers interim remedial options for the lower eight miles of the river, in addition to a “no action” option. On April 11, 2014, the EPA issued a revised FFS, which proposes several alternatives, including the bank to bank dredging of the lower eight miles of the river at an expected cost ranging from $0.8 billion to $3.25 billion, according to the EPA, but also includes a “no action” option. The comment period for the revised FFS closed on August 20, 2014 and a final decision is not expected for several months. Hexcel is not currently subject to any obligation to undertake the work contemplated by the FFS, nor have we determined our allocable share of any remediation alternatives. However, based on a review of the Company’s position, and as no point within the range is a more probable outcome than any other point, the Company recorded the lower end of the expected range, which resulted in an increase in the accrual of $2.3 million in the second quarter of 2014. Despite the issuance of the revised FFS, there are many uncertainties associated with the final agreed upon remediation and the Company’s allocable share of the remediation. Given those uncertainties, the amounts accrued may not be indicative of the amounts for which the Company is ultimately responsible and will be refined as events in the remediation process develop. The total accrued liability related to this matter was $2.1 million at December 31, 2014 and $0.2 million at December 31, 2013.
Kent, Washington Site
We were party to a cost-sharing agreement regarding the operation of certain environmental remediation systems necessary to satisfy a post-closure care permit issued to a previous owner of our Kent, Washington site by the EPA. Under the terms of the cost-sharing agreement, we were obligated to reimburse the previous owner for a portion of the cost of the required remediation activities. The previous owner, who also continues to own an adjacent site, has installed certain remediation and isolation technologies on its upgradient site and is operating those pursuant to an order agreed with the State of Washington. We and the Washington Department of Ecology have reached an agreed order to perform certain cleanup activities on our site by certain deadlines, and we are in full compliance with the order. The Department of Ecology has recently approved a reduced number of wells and a reduced pumping volume for Hexcel’s wells on its property. The total accrued liability related to this matter was $0.5 million at December 31, 2014 and $0.8 million at December 31, 2013.
Omega Chemical Corporation Superfund Site, Whittier, CA
We are a PRP at a former chemical waste site in Whittier, California. The PRPs at Omega have established a PRP Group, the “Omega PRP Group”, and are currently investigating and remediating soil and groundwater at the site pursuant to a Consent Decree with the EPA. The Omega PRP Group has attributed approximately 1.07% of the waste tonnage sent to the site to Hexcel. In addition to the Omega site specifically, the EPA is investigating the scope of regional groundwater contamination in the vicinity of the Omega site and issued a Record of Decision; the Omega PRP Group members have been noticed by the EPA as PRPs who will be required to be involved in the remediation of the regional groundwater contamination in that vicinity as well. As a member of the Omega PRP group, Hexcel will incur costs associated with the investigation and remediation of the Omega site and the regional groundwater remedy. Although our ultimate liability, if any, in connection with this matter cannot be determined at this time, we have accrued $0.6 million relating to potential liability for both the Omega site and regional groundwater remedies.
Environmental remediation reserve activity for the three years ended December 31, 2014 was as follows:
Environmental Summary
Our estimate of liability as a PRP and our remaining costs associated with our responsibility to remediate the Lower Passaic River, New Jersey; Lodi, New Jersey; Kent, Washington; and other sites are accrued in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, our aggregate environmental related accruals were $5.0 million and $3.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, $3.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively, were included in current other accrued liabilities, with the remainder included in other non-current liabilities. As related to certain environmental matters, except for the Lodi site, the accruals were estimated at the low end of a range of possible outcomes since no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount. If we had accrued, for those sites where we are able to estimate our liability, at the high end of the range of possible outcomes, our accrual would have been $28 million and $2.6 million higher at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
These accruals can change significantly from period to period due to such factors as additional information on the nature or extent of contamination, the methods of remediation required, changes in the apportionment of costs among responsible parties and other actions by governmental agencies or private parties, or the impact, if any, of being named in a new matter.
Environmental remediation spending charged directly to our reserve balance was $4.9 million and $3.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, our operating costs relating to environmental compliance charged directly to expense were $14.2 million and $13.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.
Product Warranty
Warranty expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, and accrued warranty cost, included in “other accrued liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows:
Note 14 - Supplemental Cash Flow
Supplemental cash flow information, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, consisted of the following:
Note 15 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Comprehensive income represents net income and other gains and losses affecting stockholders’ equity that are not reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. The components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
(a)
The currency translation adjustments are not currently adjusted for income taxes as they relate to indefinite investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries.
(b)
Reduced by the tax impact of 3.2 million and ($1.8) million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Reduced by the tax impact of $12.1 million and $11.1 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Note 16 - Segment Information
The financial results for our segments are prepared using a management approach, which is consistent with the basis and manner in which we internally segregate financial information for the purpose of assisting in making internal operating decisions. We evaluate the performance of our segments based on operating income, and generally account for intersegment sales based on arm’s length prices. We report two segments, Composite Materials and Engineered Products. Corporate and certain other expenses are not allocated to the segments, except to the extent that the expense can be directly attributable to the segment. Corporate & Other is shown to reconcile to Hexcel’s consolidated results.
In addition to the product line-based segmentation of our business, we also monitor sales into our principal end markets as a means to understanding demand for our products. Therefore, for each segment, we have also reported disaggregated sales by end market.
The following table presents financial information on our segments as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, and for the years then ended.
Geographic Data
Net sales and long-lived assets, by geographic area, consisted of the following for the three years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
(a)
Net sales by geography based on the location in which the product sold was manufactured.
(b)
Net sales to external customers based on the location to which the product sold was delivered.
(c)
Long-lived assets primarily consist of property, plant and equipment, net and goodwill.
Significant Customers and Suppliers
Boeing and its subcontractors accounted for approximately 32%, 34% and 29% of 2014, 2013 and 2012 net sales, respectively. Similarly, Airbus Group, including Airbus and its subcontractors, accounted for approximately 31%, 29% and 28% of 2014, 2013 and 2012 net sales, respectively. In the Composite Materials segment approximately 20%, 24% and 19% of sales for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, were to Boeing and its subcontractors. Approximately 39%, 35% and 34% of sales for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively were to Airbus Group and its subcontractors. In the Engineered Products segment approximately 71%, 68% and 66% of sales for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively were to Boeing and its subcontractors.
A significant decline in business with Boeing or Airbus Group could materially impact our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition.
Certain key raw materials we consume are available from relatively few sources, and in many cases the cost of product qualification makes it impractical to develop multiple sources of supply. The lack of availability of these materials could under certain circumstances materially impact our consolidated results of operations.
Note 17 - Other Expense (Income), net
Other expense (income), net for the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2012 consisted of the following:
In 2014, the Company recorded a $6.0 million pre-tax charge for additional remediation related to a former manufacturing facility. In 2012, the company settled a business interruption insurance claim resulting from tornado damage in 2011 and recorded operating income of $9.6 million. Also in 2012, the Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $4.9 million on the sale of land from a previously closed manufacturing facility and $5.0 million of charges primarily for additional remediation related to a former manufacturing facility.
Note 18 - Non-operating Expense
In September 2014, the Company entered into a new $700 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility that matures in 2019. As a result of this refinancing, we accelerated certain unamortized costs of the credit facility being replaced incurring a pretax charge of $0.5 million in the third quarter of 2014.
In June 2013, the Company entered into a new $600 million senior secured revolving credit facility that would have matured in 2018. As a result of the refinancing, we accelerated certain unamortized financing costs of the credit facility being replaced and the deferred expense on related interest rate swaps incurring a pretax charge of $1.0 million in the second quarter of 2013.
In June 2012, we redeemed $73.5 million of our 6.75% senior subordinated notes at a call premium of 1.125%. As a result of the redemption, we accelerated the unamortized financing costs of the senior subordinated notes redeemed and expensed the call premium incurring a pretax charge of $1.1 million in 2012.
Note 19 - Fair Value Measurements
The fair values of our financial instruments are classified into one of the following categories:
·
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
·
Level 2: Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets, but corroborated by market data.
·
Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.
In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as consider our own and counterparty credit risk. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, we did not have any assets or liabilities that utilize Level 3 inputs.
For derivative assets and liabilities that utilize Level 2 inputs, we prepare estimates of future cash flows of our derivatives, which are discounted to a net present value. The estimated cash flows and the discount factors used in the valuation model are based on observable inputs, and incorporate non-performance risk (the credit standing of the counterparty when the derivative is in a net asset position, and the credit standing of Hexcel when the derivative is in a net liability position). The fair value of these assets and liabilities was approximately $1.2 million and $18.6 million, and approximately $14.0 million and $1.3 million respectively at December 31, 2014 and 2013. In addition, the fair value of these derivative contracts, which are subject to a master netting arrangement under certain circumstances, is presented on a gross basis in the consolidated balance sheet.
Below is a summary of valuation techniques for all Level 2 financial assets and liabilities:
·
Interest rate swap - valued using LIBOR yield curves at the reporting date. Fair value of assets and liabilities was $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014.
·
Foreign exchange derivative assets and liabilities - valued using quoted forward foreign exchange prices at the reporting date. Fair value of assets and liabilities at December 31, 2014 was $1.1 million and $18.2 million, respectively.
Counterparties to the above contracts are highly rated financial institutions, none of which experienced any significant downgrades in 2014 that would reduce the receivable amount owed, if any, to the Company.
Note 20 - Quarterly Financial and Market Data (Unaudited)
Quarterly financial and market data for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were:
Schedule II
Hexcel Corporation and Subsidiaries
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts