Item 1A.
Risk Factors
Investing in us involves a degree of risk, including the risks described below. Our operating results have been, and will continue to be, affected by a wide variety of risk factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could have adverse effects on profitability during any particular period. You should carefully consider the following risk factors together with all of the other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the financial statements and related notes, when deciding to invest in us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations. If any of the following risks were to actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
The prices of crude oil and refined products materially affect our profitability, and are dependent upon many factors that are beyond our control, including general market demand and economic conditions, seasonal and weather-related factors, regional and grade differentials and governmental regulations and policies.
Among these factors is the demand for crude oil and refined products, which is largely driven by the conditions of local and worldwide economies as well as by weather patterns and the taxation of these products relative to other energy sources. Governmental regulations and policies, particularly in the areas of taxation, energy and the environment, also have a significant impact on our activities. Operating results can be affected by these industry factors, product and crude pipeline capacities, changes in transportation costs, accidents or interruptions in transportation, competition in the particular geographic areas that we serve, and factors that are specific to us, such as the success of particular marketing programs and the efficiency of our refinery operations. The demand for crude oil and refined products can also be reduced due to a local or national recession or other adverse economic condition that results in lower spending by businesses and consumers on gasoline and diesel fuel, higher gasoline prices due to higher crude oil prices, a shift by consumers to more fuel-efficient vehicles or alternative fuel vehicles (such as ethanol or wider adoption of gas/electric hybrid vehicles), or an increase in vehicle fuel economy, whether as a result of technological advances by manufacturers, legislation mandating or encouraging higher fuel economy or the use of alternative fuel.
We do not produce crude oil and must purchase all our crude oil, the price of which fluctuates based upon worldwide and local market conditions. Our profitability depends largely on the spread between market prices for refined petroleum products and crude oil prices. This margin is continually changing and may fluctuate significantly from time to time. Crude oil and refined products are commodities whose price levels are determined by market forces beyond our control. For example, the reversal of certain existing pipelines or the construction of certain new pipelines transporting additional crude oil or refined products to markets that serve competing refineries could affect the market dynamic that has allowed us to take advantage of favorable pricing. Additionally, due to the seasonality of refined products markets and refinery maintenance schedules, results of operations for any particular quarter of a fiscal year are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year and can vary year to year in the event of unseasonably cool weather in the summer months and / or unseasonably warm weather in the winter months in the markets in which we sell our petroleum products. In general, prices for refined products are influenced by the price of crude oil. Although an increase or decrease in the price for crude oil may result in a similar increase or decrease in prices for refined products, there may be a time lag in the realization of the similar increase or decrease in prices for refined products. The effect of changes in crude oil prices on operating results therefore depends in part on how quickly refined product prices adjust to reflect these changes. A substantial or prolonged increase in crude oil prices without a corresponding increase in refined product prices, a substantial or prolonged decrease in refined product prices without a corresponding decrease in crude oil prices, or a substantial or prolonged decrease in demand for refined products could have a significant negative effect on our earnings and cash flow. Also, crude oil supply contracts are generally short-term contracts with market-responsive pricing provisions. We purchase our refinery feedstocks weeks before manufacturing and selling the refined products. Price level changes during the period between purchasing feedstocks and selling the manufactured refined products from these feedstocks could have a significant effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We may not be able to successfully execute our business strategies to grow our business. Further, if we are unable to complete capital projects at their expected costs or in a timely manner, if we are unsuccessful in integrating the operations of assets we acquire, or if the market conditions assumed in our project economics deteriorate, our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
One of the ways we may grow our business is through the construction of new refinery processing units (or the purchase and refurbishment of used units from another refinery) and the expansion of existing ones. Projects are generally initiated to increase the yields of higher-value products, increase the amount of lower cost crude oils that can be processed, increase refinery production capacity, meet new governmental requirements, or maintain the operations of our existing assets. Additionally, our growth strategy includes projects that permit access to new and/or more profitable markets. The construction process involves numerous regulatory, environmental, political, and legal uncertainties, most of which are not fully within our control, including:
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denial or delay in issuing requisite regulatory approvals and/or permits;
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compliance with or liability under environmental regulations;
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unplanned increases in the cost of construction materials or labor;
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disruptions in transportation of modular components and/or construction materials;
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severe adverse weather conditions, natural disasters, or other events (such as equipment malfunctions, explosions, fires, spills) affecting our facilities, or those of vendors and suppliers;
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shortages of sufficiently skilled labor, or labor disagreements resulting in unplanned work stoppages;
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market-related increases in a project's debt or equity financing costs; and/or
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nonperformance or force majeure by, or disputes with, vendors, suppliers, contractors, or sub-contractors involved with a project.
If we are unable to complete capital projects at their expected costs or in a timely manner our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. Delays in making required changes or upgrades to our facilities could subject us to fines or penalties as well as affect our ability to supply certain products we make. In addition, our revenues may not increase immediately upon the expenditure of funds on a particular project. For instance, if we build a new refinery processing unit, the construction will occur over an extended period of time and we will not receive any material increases in revenues until after completion of the project. Moreover, we may construct facilities to capture anticipated future growth in demand for refined products in a region in which such growth does not materialize. As a result, new capital investments may not achieve our expected investment return, which could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
Our forecasted internal rates of return are also based upon our projections of future market fundamentals which are not within our control, including changes in general economic conditions, available alternative supply and customer demand.
An additional component of our growth strategy is to selectively acquire complementary assets for our refining operations in order to increase earnings and cash flow. Our ability to do so will be dependent upon a number of factors, including our ability to identify attractive acquisition candidates, consummate acquisitions on favorable terms, successfully integrate acquired assets and obtain financing to fund acquisitions and to support our growth, and other factors beyond our control. Risks associated with acquisitions include those relating to:
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diversion of management time and attention from our existing business;
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challenges in managing the increased scope, geographic diversity and complexity of operations and inefficiencies that may result therefrom;
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difficulties in integrating the financial, technological and management standards, processes, procedures and controls of an acquired business with those of our existing operations;
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liability for known or unknown environmental conditions or other contingent liabilities not covered by indemnification or insurance;
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greater than anticipated expenditures required for compliance with environmental or other regulatory standards or for investments to improve operating results;
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difficulties or delays in achieving anticipated operational improvements or benefits;
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incurrence of additional indebtedness to finance acquisitions or capital expenditures relating to acquired assets; and
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issuance of additional equity, which could result in further dilution of the ownership interest of existing stockholders.
Any acquisitions that we do consummate may have adverse effects on our business and operating results.
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We may incur significant costs to comply with new or changing environmental, energy, health and safety laws and regulations, and face potential exposure for environmental matters.
Refinery and pipeline operations are subject to federal, state and local laws regulating, among other things, the generation, storage, handling, use and transportation of petroleum and hazardous substances by pipeline, truck, rail and barge, the emission and discharge of materials into the environment, waste management, and characteristics and composition of gasoline and diesel fuels, and other matters otherwise relating to the protection of the environment. Permits are required under these laws for the operation of our refineries, pipelines and related operations, and these permits are subject to revocation, modification and renewal or may require operational changes, which may involve significant costs. Furthermore, a violation of permit conditions or other legal or regulatory requirements could result in substantial fines, criminal sanctions, permit revocations, injunctions, and/or refinery shutdowns. In addition, major modifications of our operations due to changes in the law could require changes to our existing permits or expensive upgrades to our existing pollution control equipment, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Over the years, there have been and continue to be ongoing communications, including notices of violations, and discussions about environmental matters between us and federal and state authorities, some of which have resulted or will result in changes to operating procedures and in capital expenditures. Compliance with applicable environmental laws, regulations and permits will continue to have an impact on our operations, results of operations and capital requirements.
As is the case with all companies engaged in industries similar to ours, we face potential exposure to future claims and lawsuits involving environmental matters. The matters include, but are not limited to, soil, groundwater and waterway contamination, air pollution, personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by substances which we manufactured, handled, used, released or disposed.
We are and have been the subject of various state, federal and private proceedings relating to environmental regulations, conditions and inquiries. Current and future environmental regulations are expected to require additional expenditures, including expenditures for investigation and remediation, which may be significant, at our facilities. To the extent that future expenditures for these purposes are material and can be reasonably determined, these costs are disclosed and accrued.
Our operations are also subject to various laws and regulations relating to occupational health and safety. We maintain safety, training and maintenance programs as part of our ongoing efforts to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with applicable health and safety laws and regulations has required and continues to require substantial expenditures. Failure to appropriately manage occupational health and safety risks associated with our business could also adversely impact our employees, communities, stakeholders, reputation and results of operations.
We cannot predict what additional health and environmental legislation or regulations will be enacted or become effective in the future or how existing or future laws or regulations will be administered or interpreted with respect to our operations. However, new environmental laws and regulations, including new regulations relating to alternative energy sources and the risk of global climate change, new interpretations of existing laws and regulations, increased governmental enforcement or other developments could require us to make additional unforeseen expenditures. The EPA has begun regulating certain emissions of greenhouse gases, or “GHGs,” (including carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides) from large stationary sources like refineries under the authority of the CAA, and it is possible that Congress could pass federal legislation that creates a comprehensive GHG regulatory program, either directly or indirectly, such as via a federal renewal energy standard. Also, new federal or state legislation or regulatory programs that restrict emissions of GHGs in areas where we conduct business could adversely affect demand for our products and our results of operations.
The costs of environmental and safety regulations are already significant and compliance with more stringent laws or regulations or adverse changes in the interpretation of existing regulations by government agencies could have an adverse effect on the financial position and the results of our operations and could require substantial expenditures for the installation and operation of systems and equipment that we do not currently possess.
From time to time, new federal energy policy legislation is enacted by the U.S. Congress. For example, in December 2007, the U.S. Congress passed the Energy Independence and Security Act, which, among other provisions, mandates annually increasing levels for the use of renewable fuels such as ethanol, commencing in 2008 and escalating for 15 years, as well as increasing energy efficiency goals, including higher fuel economy standards for motor vehicles, among other steps. These statutory mandates may have the impact over time of offsetting projected increases in the demand for refined petroleum products in certain markets, particularly gasoline. In the near term, the new renewable fuel standard presents ethanol production and logistics challenges for both the ethanol and refining industries and may require additional capital expenditures or expenses by us to accommodate increased ethanol use. Other legislative changes may similarly alter the expected demand and supply projections for refined petroleum products in ways that cannot be predicted.
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For additional information on regulations and related liabilities or potential liabilities affecting our business, see “Regulation” under Items 1 and 2, “Business and Properties,” and Item 3, “Legal Proceedings.”
The adoption of climate change legislation by Congress could result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the refined products we produce.
In December 2009, the EPA determined that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other GHGs present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to warming of the earth's atmosphere and other climatic changes. Based on these findings, the EPA has begun adopting and implementing regulations to restrict emissions of GHGs under existing provisions of the federal CAA. The EPA also adopted two sets of rules regulating GHG emissions under the CAA, one of which requires a reduction in emissions of GHGs from motor vehicles and the other of which may require permits for emissions of GHGs from certain large stationary sources. The EPA’s rules relating to emissions of GHGs from large stationary sources of emissions were upheld by the D.C. Circuit, but the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to review that decision in response to petitions by numerous parties. The EPA has also adopted rules requiring the reporting of GHG emissions from specified large GHG emission sources in the United States, including petroleum refineries, on an annual basis. The EPA has also announced its intention to issue a New Source Performance Standard directly regulating GHG emissions from refineries.
In addition, the U.S. Congress has from time to time considered adopting legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs and almost one-half of the states have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of GHGs primarily through the planned development of GHG emission inventories and/or regional GHG cap and trade programs. These cap and trade programs generally work by requiring major sources of emissions, such as electric power plants, or major producers of fuels, such as refineries and gas processing plants, to acquire and on an annual basis surrender emission allowances. The number of allowances available for purchase is reduced over time in an effort to achieve the overall GHG emission reduction goal.
The adoption of legislation or regulatory programs to reduce emissions of GHGs could require us to incur increased operating costs, such as costs to purchase and operate emissions control systems, to acquire emissions allowances or comply with new regulatory or reporting requirements. Any such legislation or regulatory programs could also increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, the refined products that we produce. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to reduce emissions of GHGs could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, droughts, floods and other climatic events. If any such events were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our operations are subject to operational hazards and unforeseen interruptions for which we may not be adequately insured.
Our operations are subject to operational hazards and unforeseen interruptions such as natural disasters, adverse weather, accidents, fires, explosions, hazardous materials releases, power failures, mechanical failures and other events beyond our control. These events might result in a loss of equipment or life, injury, or extensive property damage or destruction of property, as well as a curtailment or an interruption in our operations and may affect our ability to meet marketing commitments. We maintain significant insurance coverage, but it does not cover all potential losses, costs or liabilities, and our business interruption insurance coverage generally does not apply unless a business interruption exceeds 45 days. If any refinery were to experience an interruption in operations, earnings from the refinery could be materially adversely affected (to the extent not recoverable through insurance) because of lost production and repair costs.
The availability of adequate insurance may be affected by conditions in the insurance market over which we have no control, resulting in the inability to maintain or obtain insurance of the type and amount we desire at reasonable rates. As a result of market conditions, premiums and deductibles for certain of our insurance policies could increase or, in some instances, certain insurance could become unavailable or available only for reduced amounts of coverage. We could suffer losses for uninsurable or uninsured risks or in amounts in excess of our existing insurance coverage. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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The energy industry is highly capital intensive, and the entire or partial loss of individual facilities can result in significant costs to both industry companies, such as us, and their insurance carriers. In recent years, several large energy industry claims have resulted in significant increases in the level of premium costs and deductible periods for participants in the energy industry. As a result of large energy industry claims, insurance companies that have historically participated in underwriting energy-related facilities may discontinue that practice or demand significantly higher premiums or deductible periods to cover these facilities. If significant changes in the number or financial solvency of insurance underwriters for the energy industry occur, or if other adverse conditions over which we have no control prevail in the insurance market, we may be unable to obtain and maintain adequate insurance at reasonable cost. In addition, we cannot assure you that our insurers will renew our insurance coverage on acceptable terms, if at all, or that we will be able to arrange for adequate alternative coverage in the event of non-renewal. Further, our underwriters could have credit issues that affect their ability to pay claims. The unavailability of full insurance coverage to cover events in which we suffer significant losses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The availability and cost of renewable identification numbers could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Pursuant to the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, the EPA promulgated the Renewable Fuel Standard 2 (“RFS2”) regulations reflecting the increased volume of renewable fuels mandated to be blended into the nation's fuel supply. The regulations, in part, require refiners to add annually increasing amounts of “renewable fuels” to their petroleum products or purchase credits, known as renewable identification numbers (“RINs”), in lieu of such blending. We currently purchase RINs for some fuel categories on the open market in order to comply with the quantity of renewable fuels we are required to blend under the RFS2. Recently, due in part to the nation's fuel supply approaching the “blend wall” (the 10% ethanol limit prescribed by most automobile warranties), the price of RINs has been extremely volatile with the price dramatically increasing in recognition of the decrease in RINs availability. While we cannot predict the future prices of RINs, the costs to obtain the necessary number of RINs could be material. If we are unable to pass the costs of compliance with the RFS2 on to our customers, if sufficient RINs are unavailable for purchase, if we have to pay a significantly higher price for RINs or if we are otherwise unable to meet the RFS2 mandates, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
To successfully operate our petroleum refining facilities, we are required to expend significant amounts for capital outlays and operating expenditures.
The refining business is characterized by high fixed costs resulting from the significant capital outlays associated with refineries, terminals, pipelines and related facilities. We are dependent on the production and sale of quantities of refined products at refined product margins sufficient to cover operating costs, including any increases in costs resulting from future inflationary pressures or market conditions and increases in costs of fuel and power necessary in operating our facilities. Furthermore, future major capital investment, various environmental compliance related projects, regulatory requirements or competitive pressures could result in additional capital expenditures, which may not produce a return on investment. Such capital expenditures may require significant financial resources that may be contingent on our access to capital markets and commercial bank loans. Additionally, other matters, such as regulatory requirements or legal actions, may restrict our access to funds for capital expenditures.
Our refineries consist of many processing units, a number of which have been in operation for many years. One or more of the units may require unscheduled downtime for unanticipated maintenance or repairs that are more frequent than our scheduled turnaround for such units. Scheduled and unscheduled maintenance could reduce our revenues during the period of time that the units are not operating. We have taken significant measures to expand and upgrade units in our refineries by installing new equipment and redesigning older equipment to improve refinery capacity. The installation and redesign of key equipment at our refineries involves significant uncertainties, including the following: our upgraded equipment may not perform at expected throughput levels; operating costs of the upgraded equipment may be higher than expected; the yield and product quality of new equipment may differ from design and/or specifications and redesign, modification or replacement of the equipment may be required to correct equipment that does not perform as expected, which could require facility shutdowns until the equipment has been redesigned or modified. Any of these risks associated with new equipment, redesigned older equipment, or repaired equipment could lead to lower revenues or higher costs or otherwise have a negative impact on our future financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, we expect to execute turnarounds at our refineries, which involve numerous risks and uncertainties. These risks include delays and incurrence of additional and unforeseen costs. The turnarounds allow us to perform maintenance, upgrades, overhaul and repair of process equipment and materials, during which time all or a portion of the refinery will be under scheduled downtime.
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Competition in the refining and marketing industry is intense, and an increase in competition in the markets in which we sell our products could adversely affect our earnings and profitability.
We compete with a broad range of refining and marketing companies, including certain multinational oil companies. Because of their geographic diversity, larger and more complex refineries, integrated operations and greater resources, some of our competitors may be better able to withstand volatile market conditions, to obtain crude oil in times of shortage and to bear the economic risks inherent in all areas of the refining industry.
We are not engaged in petroleum exploration and production activities and do not produce any of the crude oil feedstocks used at our refineries. We do not have a retail business and therefore are dependent upon others for outlets for our refined products. Certain of our competitors, however, obtain a portion of their feedstocks from company-owned production and have retail outlets. Competitors that have their own production or extensive retail outlets, with brand-name recognition, are at times able to offset losses from refining operations with profits from producing or retailing operations, and may be better positioned to withstand periods of depressed refining margins or feedstock shortages.
In recent years there have been several refining and marketing consolidations or acquisitions between entities competing in our geographic market. These transactions could increase the future competitive pressures on us.
The markets in which we compete may be impacted by competitors' plans for expansion projects and refinery improvements that could increase the production of refined products in our areas of operation and significantly affect our profitability.
Also, the potential operation of new or expanded refined product transportation pipelines, or the conversion of existing pipelines into refined product transportation pipelines, could impact the supply of refined products to our existing markets and negatively affect our profitability.
In addition, we compete with other industries that provide alternative means to satisfy the energy and fuel requirements of our industrial, commercial and individual consumers. The more successful these alternatives become as a result of governmental regulations, technological advances, consumer demand, improved pricing or otherwise, the greater the impact on pricing and demand for our products and our profitability. There are presently significant governmental and consumer pressures to increase the use of alternative fuels in the United States.
A material decrease in the supply of crude oil available to our refineries could significantly reduce our production levels.
To maintain or increase production levels at our refineries, we must continually contract for crude oil supplies from third parties. A material decrease in crude oil production from the fields that supply our refineries, as a result of depressed commodity prices, lack of drilling activity, natural production declines or otherwise, could result in a decline in the volume of crude oil available to our refineries. In addition, any prolonged disruption of a significant pipeline that is used in supplying crude oil to our refineries or the potential operation of a new, converted or expanded crude oil pipeline that transports crude oil to other markets could result in a decline in the volume of crude oil available to our refineries. Such an event could result in an overall decline in volumes of refined products processed at our refineries and therefore a corresponding reduction in our cash flow. In addition, the future growth of our operations will depend in part upon whether we can contract for additional supplies of crude oil at a greater rate than the rate of natural decline in our currently connected supplies. If we are unable to secure additional crude oil supplies of sufficient quality or crude pipeline expansion to our refineries, we will be unable to take full advantage of current and future expansion of our refineries' production capacities.
A disruption to or proration of the refined product distribution systems we utilize could negatively impact our profitability.
We utilize various common carrier or other third party pipeline systems to deliver our products to market. The key systems utilized by the Cheyenne, El Dorado, Navajo, Woods Cross, and Tulsa Refineries are Rocky Mountain, NuStar Energy, SFPP and Plains, Chevron, and Magellan, respectively. All five refineries also utilize systems owned by HEP. If these key pipelines or their associated tanks and terminals become inoperative or decrease the capacity available to us, we may not be able to sell our product, or we may be required to hold our product in inventory or supply products to our customers through an alternative pipeline or by rail or additional tanker trucks from the refinery, all of which could increase our costs and result in a decline in profitability.
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We may be subject to information technology system failures, network disruptions and breaches in data security.
Information technology system failures, network disruptions (whether intentional by a third party or due to natural disaster), breaches of network or data security, or disruption or failure of the network system used to monitor and control pipeline operations could disrupt our operations by impeding our processing of transactions, our ability to protect customer or company information and our financial reporting. Our computer systems, including our back-up systems, could be damaged or interrupted by power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, internal or external security breaches, events such as fires, earthquakes, floods, tornadoes and hurricanes, and/or errors by our employees. There can be no assurance that a system failure or data security breach will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We may not be able to obtain funding on acceptable terms or at all because of volatility and uncertainty in the credit and capital markets. This may hinder or prevent us from meeting our future capital needs.
The domestic and global financial markets and economic conditions are disrupted and volatile from time to time due to a variety of factors, including low consumer confidence, high unemployment, geoeconomic and geopolitical issues, weak economic conditions and uncertainty in the financial services sector. In addition, the fixed-income markets have experienced periods of extreme volatility, which negatively impacted market liquidity conditions. As a result, the cost of raising money in the debt and equity capital markets has increased substantially at times while the availability of funds from these markets diminished significantly. In particular, as a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets generally and the solvency of lending counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets may increase as many lenders and institutional investors increase interest rates, enact tighter lending standards, refuse to refinance existing debt on similar terms or at all and reduce, or in some cases cease, to provide funding to borrowers. In addition, lending counterparties under any existing revolving credit facility and other debt instruments may be unwilling or unable to meet their funding obligations. Due to these factors, we cannot be certain that new debt or equity financing will be available on acceptable terms. If funding is not available when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to meet our obligations as they come due or we may be required to sell assets. Moreover, without adequate funding, we may be unable to execute our growth strategy, complete future acquisitions or construction projects, take advantage of other business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, comply with regulatory requirements, or meet our short-term or long-term working capital requirements, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations. Failure to comply with regulatory requirements in a timely manner or meet our short-term or long-term working capital requirements could subject us to regulatory action.
We depend upon HEP for a substantial portion of the crude supply and distribution network that serve our refineries and we own a significant equity interest in HEP.
We currently own a 39% interest in HEP, including the 2% general partner interest. HEP operates a system of crude oil and petroleum product pipelines, distribution terminals and refinery tankage in Arizona, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, Washington and Wyoming. HEP generates revenues by charging tariffs for transporting petroleum products and crude oil through its pipelines, leasing certain pipeline capacity to Alon, charging fees for terminalling refined products and other hydrocarbons and storing and providing other services at its terminals. HEP serves the Cheyenne, El Dorado, Navajo, Woods Cross and Tulsa Refineries under several long-term pipeline and terminal, tankage and throughput agreements expiring in 2019 through 2026. Furthermore, our financial statements include the consolidated results of HEP. HEP is subject to its own operating and regulatory risks, including, but not limited to:
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its reliance on its significant customers, including us;
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competition from other pipelines;
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environmental regulations affecting pipeline operations;
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operational hazards and risks;
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pipeline tariff regulations affecting the rates HEP can charge;
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limitations on additional borrowings and other restrictions due to HEP's debt covenants; and
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other financial, operational and legal risks.
The occurrence of any of these risks could directly or indirectly affect HEP's as well as our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as HEP is a consolidated VIE. Additionally, these risks could affect HEP's ability to continue operations which could affect their ability to serve our supply and distribution network needs.
For additional information about HEP, see “Holly Energy Partners, L.P.” under Items 1 and 2, “Business and Properties.” For risks related to HEP's business, see Item 1A of HEP's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.
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We are exposed to the credit risks, and certain other risks, of our key customers and vendors.
We are subject to risks of loss resulting from nonpayment or nonperformance by our customers. We derive a significant portion of our revenues from contracts with key customers.
If any of our key customers default on their obligations to us, our financial results could be adversely affected. Furthermore, some of our customers may be highly leveraged and subject to their own operating and regulatory risks. In addition, nonperformance by vendors who have committed to provide us with products or services could result in higher costs or interfere with our ability to successfully conduct our business.
Any substantial increase in the nonpayment and/or nonperformance by our customers or vendors could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.
Terrorist attacks, and the threat of terrorist attacks or domestic vandalism, have resulted in increased costs to our business. Continued global hostilities or other sustained military campaigns may adversely impact our results of operations.
The long-term impacts of terrorist attacks, such as the attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, and the threat of future terrorist attacks on the energy transportation industry in general, and on us in particular, are not known at this time. Increased security measures taken by us as a precaution against possible terrorist attacks or vandalism have resulted in increased costs to our business. Future terrorist attacks could lead to even stronger, more costly initiatives or regulatory requirements. Uncertainty surrounding continued global hostilities or other sustained military campaigns may affect our operations in unpredictable ways, including disruptions of crude oil supplies and markets for refined products, and the possibility that infrastructure facilities could be direct targets of, or indirect casualties of, an act of terror. In addition, disruption or significant increases in energy prices could result in government-imposed price controls. Any one of, or a combination of, these occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Changes in the insurance markets attributable to terrorist attacks could make certain types of insurance more difficult for us to obtain. Moreover, the insurance that may be available to us may be significantly more expensive than our existing insurance coverage. Instability in the financial markets as a result of terrorism or war could also affect our ability to raise capital including our ability to repay or refinance debt.
Increases in required fuel economy and regulation of CO2 emissions from motor vehicles may reduce demand for transportation fuels.
In 2010, the EPA and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) finalized new standards, raising the required Corporate Average Fuel Economy (“CAFE”) of the nation's passenger fleet by 40% to approximately 35 miles per gallon (“m.p.g.”) by 2016 and imposing the first-ever federal GHG emissions standards on cars and light trucks. In September 2011, the EPA and the Department of Transportation finalized first-time standards for fuel economy of medium and heavy duty trucks. On August 28, 2012 the EPA and NHTSA adopted standards through model year 2025 in two phases. The first phase establishes final standards for 2017-2021 model year vehicles that are projected to require 40.3 - 41.0 m.p.g. in model year 2021 on an average industry fleet-wide basis. The second phase of the CAFE program represents non-final “augural” standards for 2022-2025 model year vehicles that are projected to require 48.7 - 49.7 m.p.g. in model year 2025, on an average industry fleet-wide basis. Such increases in fuel economy standards, along with mandated increases in use of renewable fuels discussed above, could result in decreasing demand for petroleum fuels. Decreasing demand for petroleum fuels could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operation.
We may be unable to pay future regular and/or special dividends.
We will only be able to pay dividends from our available cash on hand, cash from operations or borrowings under our credit agreement. The declaration of future regular and/or special dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon many factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, earnings, capital requirements, and restrictions in our debt agreements and legal requirements. We cannot assure you that any dividends will be paid or the frequency of such payments.
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Product liability claims and litigation could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
A significant portion of our operating responsibility on refined product pipelines is to insure the quality and purity of the products loaded at our loading racks. If our quality control measures were to fail, we may have contaminated or off-specification commingled pipelines and storage tanks or off-specification product could be sent to public gasoline stations. These types of incidents could result in product liability claims from our customers.
Product liability is a significant commercial risk. Substantial damage awards have been made in certain jurisdictions against manufacturers and resellers based upon claims for injuries caused by the use of or exposure to various products. There can be no assurance that product liability claims against us would not have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations or our ability to maintain existing customers or retain new customers.
Our hedging transactions may limit our gains and expose us to other risks.
We periodically enter into derivative transactions as it relates to inventory levels and/or future production to manage the risks from changes in the prices of crude oil, refined products and other feedstocks. These transactions limit our potential gains if commodity prices move above or below the certain price levels established by our hedging instruments. We hedge price risk on inventories above our target levels to minimize the impact these price fluctuations have on our earnings and cash flows. Consequently, our hedging results may fluctuate significantly from one reporting period to the next depending on commodity price fluctuations and our relative physical inventory positions. These transactions may also expose us to risks of financial losses; for example, if our production is less than we anticipated at the time we entered into a hedge agreement or if a counterparty to our hedge agreements fails to perform its obligations under the agreements.
Changes in our credit profile, or a significant increase in the price of crude oil, may affect our relationship with our suppliers, which could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and limit our ability to purchase sufficient quantities of crude oil to operate our refineries at desired capacity.
An unfavorable credit profile, or a significant increase in the price of crude oil, could affect the way crude oil suppliers view our ability to make payments and induce them to shorten the payment terms of their invoices with us or require credit enhancement. Due to the large dollar amounts and volume of our crude oil and other feedstock purchases, any imposition by our suppliers of more burdensome payment terms or credit enhancement requirements on us may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and our ability to make payments to our suppliers. This in turn could cause us to be unable to operate our refineries at desired capacity. A failure to operate our refineries at desired capacity could adversely affect our profitability and cash flow.
Our debt agreements contain operating and financial restrictions that might constrain our business and financing activities.
The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in our credit facility and any future financing agreements could adversely affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage, expand or pursue our business activities. For example, our revolving credit facility imposes usual and customary requirements for this type of credit facility, including: (i) limitations on liens, investments, indebtedness and dividends; (ii) a prohibition on changes in control and (iii) restrictions on engaging in mergers, consolidations and sales of assets, entering into certain lease obligations, and making certain investments or capital expenditures. If we fail to satisfy the covenants set forth in the credit facility or another event of default occurs under the facility, the maturity of the loan could be accelerated or we could be prohibited from borrowing for our future working capital needs and issuing letters of credit. We might not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient funds to make these immediate payments. If we desire to undertake a transaction that is prohibited by the covenants in our credit facility, we will need to obtain consent under our credit facility. Such refinancing may not be possible or may not be available on commercially acceptable terms. In addition, our obligations under our credit facility are secured by inventory, receivables and pledged cash assets. If we are unable to repay our indebtedness under our credit facility when due, the lenders could seek to foreclose on the assets or we may be required to contribute additional capital to our subsidiaries. Any of these outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Our business may suffer due to a change in the composition of our Board of Directors, or by the departure of any of our key senior executives or other key employees. Furthermore, a shortage of skilled labor or disruptions in our labor force may make it difficult for us to maintain labor productivity.
Our future performance depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of our senior management team and key technical personnel. We do not currently maintain key man life insurance, non-compete agreements, or employment agreements with respect to any member of our senior management team. The loss or unavailability to us of any member of our senior management team or a key technical employee could significantly harm us. We face competition for these professionals from our competitors, our customers and other companies operating in our industry. To the extent that the services of members of our senior management team and key technical personnel would be unavailable to us for any reason, we may be required to hire other personnel to manage and operate our company. We may not be able to locate or employ such qualified personnel on acceptable terms, or at all.
Furthermore, our operations require skilled and experienced laborers with proficiency in multiple tasks. A shortage of trained workers due to retirements or otherwise could have an adverse impact on our labor productivity and costs and our ability to expand production in the event there is an increase in the demand for our products and services, which could adversely affect our operations.
As of December 31, 2013, approximately 33% of our employees were represented by labor unions under collective bargaining agreements with various expiration dates. We may not be able to renegotiate our collective bargaining agreements when they expire on satisfactory terms or at all. A failure to do so may increase our costs. In addition, our existing labor agreements may not prevent a strike or work stoppage at any of our facilities in the future, and any work stoppage could negatively affect our results of operations and financial condition.
The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly, and the value of a stockholder’s investment could be impacted.
The market price of our common stock may be influenced by many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including:
•
our quarterly or annual earnings or those of other companies in our industry;
•
changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;
•
general economic and stock market conditions;
•
the failure of securities analysts to cover our common stock or changes in financial estimates by analysts;
•
future sales of our common stock;
•
announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts or acquisitions;
•
sales of common stock by us, our senior officers or our affiliates; and/or
•
the other factors described in these Risk Factors.
In recent years, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant impact on the market price of securities issued by many companies, including companies in our industry. The price of our common stock could fluctuate based upon factors that have little or nothing to do with our company, and these fluctuations could materially reduce our stock price.
Item 1B.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
We do not have any unresolved staff comments.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Commitment and Contingency Reserves
We periodically establish reserves for certain legal proceedings. The establishment of a reserve involves an estimation process that includes the advice of legal counsel and subjective judgment of management. While management believes these reserves to be adequate, future changes in the facts and circumstances could result in the actual liability exceeding the estimated ranges of loss and amounts accrued.
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While the outcome and impact on us cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the resolution of these proceedings through settlement or adverse judgment will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or cash flow. Operating results, however, could be significantly impacted in the reporting periods in which such matters are resolved.
Environmental Matters
We are reporting the following proceedings to comply with SEC regulations which require us to disclose proceedings arising under federal, state or local provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or protecting the environment if we reasonably believe that such proceedings may result in monetary sanctions of $100,000 or more. Our respective subsidiaries have or will develop corrective action plans regarding these disclosures that will be implemented in consultation with the respective federal and state agencies. It is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of these proceedings, although none are currently expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial position.
Frontier Refining LLC (“FR”), our wholly-owned subsidiary, has undertaken environmental audits at the Cheyenne Refinery regarding compliance with federal and state environmental requirements. By letters dated October 5, 2012, and November 7, 2012, and January 10, 2013, and pursuant to EPA's audit policy to the extent applicable, FR submitted reports to the EPA voluntarily disclosing non-compliance with certain emission limitations, reporting requirements, and provisions of a 2009 federal consent decree. By letters dated October 31, 2012, February 6, 2013, June 21, 2013, July 9, 2013, and July 25, 2013, and pursuant to applicable Wyoming audit statutes, FR submitted environmental audit reports to the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (“WDEQ”) voluntarily disclosing non-compliance with certain notification, reporting, and other provisions of the refinery's state air permit and other environmental regulatory requirements. Additional self-disclosures and follow-up correspondence are anticipated as the audit activities are completed. No further action has been taken by either agency at this time. The Cheyenne Refinery also has four outstanding Notices of Violations issued in 2010, 2011 and 2013 that are subject to ongoing settlement negotiations with the WDEQ. Additional air and other environmental audits for the Cheyenne Refinery are scheduled for 2014.
Between November 2010 and February 2012, certain of our subsidiaries submitted multiple reports to the EPA to voluntarily disclose non-compliance with fuels regulations at the Cheyenne, El Dorado, Navajo, Tulsa and Woods Cross refineries and at the Cedar City, Utah and Henderson, Colorado terminals. The EPA has requested additional information regarding certain of these reports, and our subsidiaries have complied with all requests received to date.
Other
We are a party to various other litigation and proceedings that we believe, based on advice of counsel, will not either individually or in the aggregate have a materially adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 4.
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
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PART II
Item 5.
Item 5.
Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “HFC.” The following table sets forth the range of the daily high and low sales prices per share of common stock, dividends declared per share and the trading volume of common stock for the periods indicated:
In January 2012, our Board of Directors approved a $350 million stock repurchase program, and in June 2012, approved an additional $350 million repurchase program that authorizes us to repurchase common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing and amount of stock repurchases will depend on market conditions, corporate, regulatory and other relevant considerations. These programs may be discontinued at any time by the Board of Directors. The following table includes repurchases made under this program during the fourth quarter of 2013.
(1) The December 2013 shares repurchased were not purchased under our approved stock repurchase program, but rather pursuant to separate authority from our Board of Directors. These repurchases were made in the open market.
As of February 11, 2014, we had approximately 127,580 stockholders, including beneficial owners holding shares in street name.
We intend to consider the declaration of a dividend on a quarterly basis, although there is no assurance as to future dividends since they are dependent upon future earnings, capital requirements, our financial condition and other factors. Our credit agreement and senior notes limit the payment of dividends. See Note 12 “Debt” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Item 6.
Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
The following table shows our selected financial information as of the dates or for the periods indicated. This table should be read in conjunction with Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(1)
We merged with Frontier on July 1, 2011. Our consolidated financial and operating results reflect the operations of the merged Frontier businesses beginning July 1, 2011. See “Company Overview” under Items 1 and 2, “Business and Properties” for information on our merger.
(2)
On December 1, 2009, HEP sold its 70% interest in Rio Grande. Results of operations of Rio Grande are presented in discontinued operations.
(3)
Includes total HEP debt of $807.6 million, $864.7 million, $525.9 million, $482.3 million and $379.2 million, respectively, which is non-recourse to HollyFrontier.
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Item 7.
Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Item 7 contains “forward-looking” statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In this document, the words “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer only to HollyFrontier and its consolidated subsidiaries or to HollyFrontier or an individual subsidiary and not to any other person with certain exceptions. Generally, the words “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” include HEP and its subsidiaries as consolidated subsidiaries of HollyFrontier, unless when used in disclosures of transactions or obligations between HEP and HollyFrontier or its other subsidiaries. This document contains certain disclosures of agreements that are specific to HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries and do not necessarily represent obligations of HollyFrontier. When used in descriptions of agreements and transactions, “HEP” refers to HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries.
We merged with Frontier on July 1, 2011. Accordingly, this document includes Frontier, its consolidated subsidiaries and the operations of the merged Frontier businesses effective July 1, 2011, but not prior to this date.
Overview
We are principally an independent petroleum refiner that produces high-value refined products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, specialty lubricant products, and specialty and modified asphalt. We own and operate refineries having a combined crude oil processing capacity of 443,000 barrels per day that serve markets throughout the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. Our refineries are located in El Dorado, Kansas (the El Dorado Refinery), Tulsa, Oklahoma (the Tulsa Refineries), which comprise two production facilities, the Tulsa West and East facilities, a petroleum refinery in Artesia, New Mexico, which operates in conjunction with crude, vacuum distillation and other facilities situated 65 miles away in Lovington, New Mexico (the Navajo Refinery), Cheyenne, Wyoming (the Cheyenne Refinery) and Woods Cross, Utah (the Woods Cross Refinery).
For the year ended December 31, 2013, net income attributable to HollyFrontier stockholders was $735.8 million compared to $1,727.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.
Overall gross refining margins per produced product sold decreased 36% over the year ended December 31, 2012 due principally to significant contraction in WTI to Brent crude differentials as well as lower discounts on heavy sour crudes purchased during the second and third quarters of 2013.
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2013 reflects pension settlement and debt extinguishment charges of $39.5 million and $22.1 million, respectively. Also affecting current year net income were the effects of planned turnarounds at our El Dorado, Tulsa and Navajo Refineries as well as unplanned downtime incurred at each of our El Dorado and Cheyenne Refineries due to FCC unit issues during the second quarter of 2013.
Our financial and operating results additionally reflect lower crude oil throughput rates for the Southwest region, which averaged 74,370 BPD for the fourth quarter of 2013 compared to 99,610 BPD for the same period last year, as a result of waste water constraints at our Navajo Refinery during late 2013. This matter was resolved in January 2014 and throughput rates have since returned to planned levels.
OUTLOOK
Our profitability is affected by the spread, or differential, between the market prices for crude oil on the world market (which is based on the price for Brent, North Sea Crude) and the price for inland U.S. crude oil (which is based on the price for WTI). This differential constantly changes and at times can be volatile. While we have experienced wide differentials (with Brent prices in excess of WTI prices) in recent years, which have significantly enhanced our profitability, the differential between Brent and WTI narrowed significantly during the second half of 2013 - averaging approximately one-half of the differential experienced during 2012. Differentials are likely to continue to be volatile in the near term. However, we expect the Brent to WTI differential to rebound upon completion of additional northern tier pipeline capacity into Cushing, Oklahoma, which we believe will create a surplus of light sweet crude oil on the U.S. Gulf Coast. Ultimately, we believe pipeline tariffs from Cushing to the Gulf Coast plus marine transportation costs to transport product from the Gulf Coast to alternative markets will set the inland - coastal differential.
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Pursuant to the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, the EPA promulgated the RFS2 regulations reflecting the increased volume of renewable fuels mandated to be blended into the nation's fuel supply. The regulations, in part, require refiners to add annually increasing amounts of “renewable fuels” to their petroleum products or purchase credits, known as RINs, in lieu of such blending. As of December 2013, we are purchasing RINs in order to meet approximately half of our renewable fuel requirements. Recently, due in part to the nation's fuel supply approaching the “blend wall” (the 10% ethanol limit prescribed by most automobile warranties), the price of RINs has been extremely volatile with the price dramatically increasing due to real or perceived future shortages in RINs. As a result, we expect to continue to experience higher than historical costs to comply with the renewable fuel mandate. In the wholesale markets we serve, we are seeing price adjustments to indicate that the cost of RINs is being largely borne by the consumer at the pump. However, we continue to use various approaches to mitigate our exposure to the increasing cost of RINs, which include additional renewable fuel blending, shifts in our refined product slate and changes in the way we conduct marketing operations. We cannot predict with certainty whether and to what extent we will be successful in mitigating our exposure to increased RINs costs, and anticipate that increased compliance costs may negatively impact our future results of operations. In 2013, our ethanol RINs purchases from third parties totaled approximately 215 million RINs.
A more detailed discussion of our financial and operating results for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 is presented in the following sections.
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Results Of Operations
Financial Data
(1) Our consolidated financial and operating results reflect the operations of the merged Frontier businesses beginning July 1, 2011.
Other Financial Data
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(1)
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, which we refer to as “EBITDA,” is calculated as net income plus (i) interest expense, net of interest income, (ii) income tax provision, and (iii) depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is not a calculation provided for under GAAP; however, the amounts included in the EBITDA calculation are derived from amounts included in our consolidated financial statements. EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income or operating income as an indication of our operating performance or as an alternative to operating cash flow as a measure of liquidity. EBITDA is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. EBITDA is presented here because it is a widely used financial indicator used by investors and analysts to measure performance. EBITDA is also used by our management for internal analysis and as a basis for financial covenants. EBITDA presented above is reconciled to net income under “Reconciliations to Amounts Reported Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” following Item 7A
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
See “Risk Management” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Reconciliations to Amounts Reported Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Reconciliations of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) to amounts reported under generally accepted accounting principles in financial statements.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, which we refer to as EBITDA, is calculated as net income attributable to HollyFrontier stockholders plus (i) interest expense, net of interest income, (ii) income tax provision, and (iii) depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is not a calculation provided for under GAAP; however, the amounts included in the EBITDA calculation are derived from amounts included in our consolidated financial statements. EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income or operating income as an indication of our operating performance or as an alternative to operating cash flow as a measure of liquidity. EBITDA is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. EBITDA is presented here because it is a widely used financial indicator used by investors and analysts to measure performance. EBITDA is also used by our management for internal analysis and as a basis for financial covenants.
Set forth below is our calculation of EBITDA.
(1) Includes loss on early extinguishment of debt of $22.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.
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Reconciliations of refinery operating information (non-GAAP performance measures) to amounts reported under generally accepted accounting principles in financial statements.
Refinery gross margin and net operating margin are non-GAAP performance measures that are used by our management and others to compare our refining performance to that of other companies in our industry. We believe these margin measures are helpful to investors in evaluating our refining performance on a relative and absolute basis.
Refinery gross margin per barrel is the difference between average net sales price and average cost of products per barrel of produced refined products. Net operating margin per barrel is the difference between refinery gross margin and refinery operating expenses per barrel of produced refined products. These two margins do not include the effect of depreciation and amortization. Each of these component performance measures can be reconciled directly to our consolidated statements of income.
Other companies in our industry may not calculate these performance measures in the same manner.
Refinery Gross and Net Operating Margins
Below are reconciliations to our consolidated statements of income for (i) net sales, cost of products and operating expenses, in each case averaged per produced barrel sold, and (ii) net operating margin and refinery gross margin. Due to rounding of reported numbers, some amounts may not calculate exactly.
Reconciliation of produced refined product sales to total sales and other revenues
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Reconciliation of average cost of products per produced barrel sold to total cost of products sold
Reconciliation of average refinery operating expenses per produced barrel sold to total operating expenses
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Reconciliation of net operating margin per barrel to refinery gross margin per barrel to total sales and other revenues
(1)
We purchase finished products when opportunities arise that provide a profit on the sale of such products, or to meet delivery commitments.
(2)
We purchase crude oil that at times exceeds the supply needs of our refineries. Quantities in excess of our needs are sold at market prices to purchasers of crude oil that are recorded on a gross basis with the sales price recorded as revenues and the corresponding acquisition cost as inventory and then upon sale as cost of products sold. Additionally, at times we enter into buy/sell exchanges of crude oil with certain parties to facilitate the delivery of quantities to certain locations that are netted at carryover cost.
(3)
Other refining segment revenue includes the incremental revenues associated with NK Asphalt and miscellaneous revenue.
(4)
Other refining segment cost of products sold includes the incremental cost of products for NK Asphalt and miscellaneous costs.
(5)
Other refining segment operating expenses include the marketing costs associated with our refining segment and the operating expenses of NK Asphalt.
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Item 8.
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON ITS ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPANY'S INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management of HollyFrontier Corporation (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Management assessed the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 using the criteria for effective control over financial reporting established in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework). Based on this assessment, management concludes that, as of December 31, 2013, the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting.
The Company's independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013. That report appears on page 55.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors
and Stockholders of HollyFrontier Corporation
We have audited HollyFrontier Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework), (the “COSO criteria”). HollyFrontier Corporation's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management's Report on its Assessment of the Company's Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, HollyFrontier Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the COSO criteria.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of HollyFrontier Corporation as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013 and our report dated February 25, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Dallas, Texas
February 25, 2014
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors
and Stockholders of HollyFrontier Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of HollyFrontier Corporation (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of HollyFrontier Corporation at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), HollyFrontier Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework), and our report dated February 25, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Dallas, Texas
February 25, 2014
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HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
Parenthetical amounts represent asset and liability balances attributable to Holly Energy Partners, L.P. (“HEP”) as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. HEP is a consolidated variable interest entity.
See accompanying notes.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data)
See accompanying notes.
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HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
See accompanying notes.
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HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
See accompanying notes.
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HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(In thousands)
See accompanying notes.
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HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1:
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business: References herein to HollyFrontier Corporation (“HollyFrontier”) include HollyFrontier and its consolidated subsidiaries. In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) “Plain English” guidelines, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been written in the first person. In these financial statements, the words “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer only to HollyFrontier and its consolidated subsidiaries or to HollyFrontier or an individual subsidiary and not to any other person, with certain exceptions. Generally, the words “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” include Holly Energy Partners, L.P. (“HEP”) and its subsidiaries as consolidated subsidiaries of HollyFrontier, unless when used in disclosures of transactions or obligations between HEP and HollyFrontier or its other subsidiaries. These financial statements contain certain disclosures of agreements that are specific to HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries and do not necessarily represent obligations of HollyFrontier. When used in descriptions of agreements and transactions, “HEP” refers to HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries.
We merged with Frontier Oil Corporation (“Frontier”) on July 1, 2011. Concurrent with the merger, we changed our name from Holly Corporation (“Holly”) to HollyFrontier and changed the ticker symbol for our common stock traded on the New York Stock Exchange to “HFC” (see Note 2). Accordingly, these financial statements include Frontier, its consolidated subsidiaries and the operations of the merged Frontier businesses effective July 1, 2011, but not prior to this date.
We are principally an independent petroleum refiner that produces high-value light products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, specialty lubricant products, and specialty and modified asphalt. We own and operate petroleum refineries that serve markets throughout the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. As of December 31, 2013, we:
•
owned and operated a petroleum refinery in El Dorado, Kansas (the “El Dorado Refinery”), two refinery facilities located in Tulsa, Oklahoma (collectively, the “Tulsa Refineries”), a refinery in Artesia, New Mexico that is operated in conjunction with crude oil distillation and vacuum distillation and other facilities situated 65 miles away in Lovington, New Mexico (collectively, the “Navajo Refinery”), a refinery located in Cheyenne, Wyoming (the “Cheyenne Refinery”) and a refinery in Woods Cross, Utah (the “Woods Cross Refinery”);
•
owned and operated NK Asphalt Partners (“NK Asphalt”) which operates various asphalt terminals in Arizona and New Mexico;
•
owned a 50% interest in Sabine Biofuels II, LLC (“Sabine Biofuels”), a biodiesel production facility located in Port Arthur, Texas; and
•
owned a 39% interest in HEP, a consolidated variable interest entity (“VIE”), which includes our 2% general partner interest. HEP owns and operates logistic assets consisting of petroleum product and crude oil pipelines and terminal, tankage and loading rack facilities that principally support our refining and marketing operations in the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States and Alon USA, Inc.'s (“Alon”) refinery in Big Spring, Texas. Additionally, HEP owns a 75% interest in UNEV Pipeline, LLC (“UNEV”), which owns a 12-inch refined products pipeline from Salt Lake City, Utah to Las Vegas, Nevada, together with terminal facilities in the Cedar City, Utah and North Las Vegas areas (the “UNEV Pipeline”) and a 25% interest in SLC Pipeline LLC (the “SLC Pipeline”), which owns a 95-mile intrastate pipeline system that serves refineries in the Salt Lake City area.
Principles of Consolidation: Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of partnerships and joint ventures that we control through an ownership interest greater than 50% or through a controlling financial interest with respect to variable interest entities. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Variable Interest Entities: HEP is a VIE as defined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). A VIE is a legal entity whose equity owners do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or, as a group, the equity holders lack the power, through voting rights, to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's financial performance, the obligation to absorb the entity's expected losses or rights to expected residual returns. As the general partner of HEP, we have the sole ability to direct the activities of HEP that most significantly impact HEP's financial performance, and therefore we consolidate HEP.
We have a 50% ownership interest in Sabine Biofuels, a biofuels production facility that is a VIE. We do not hold a controlling financial interest, nor do we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact its financial performance. Accordingly, we account for our investment using the equity method of accounting.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Equivalents: We consider all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value and are primarily invested in highly-rated instruments issued by government or municipal entities with strong credit standings.
Marketable Securities: We consider all marketable debt securities with maturities greater than three months at the date of purchase to be marketable securities. Our marketable securities consist of certificates of deposit, commercial paper, corporate debt securities and government and municipal debt securities with the maximum maturity or put date of any individual issue generally not more than two years, while the maximum duration of the portfolio of investments is not greater than one year. These instruments are classified as available-for-sale, and as a result, are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, net of related income taxes, are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.
Balance Sheet Offsetting: We purchase and sell inventories of crude oil with certain same-parties that are net settled in accordance with contractual net settlement provisions. Our policy is to present such balances on a net basis because it more appropriately presents our economic resources (accounts receivable) and claims against us (accounts payable) and the future cash flows associated with such assets and liabilities.
Accounts Receivable: Our accounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers that are primarily companies in the petroleum industry. Credit is extended based on our evaluation of the customer's financial condition, and in certain circumstances collateral, such as letters of credit or guarantees, is required. We reserve for doubtful accounts based on our historical loss experience as well as specific accounts identified as high risk, which historically have been minimal. Credit losses are charged to the allowance for doubtful accounts when an account is deemed uncollectible. Our allowance for doubtful accounts was $2.4 million and $2.5 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Accounts receivable attributable to crude oil resales generally represent the sell side of excess crude oil sales to other purchasers and / or users in cases when our crude oil supplies are in excess of our immediate needs as well as certain reciprocal buy / sell exchanges of crude oil. At times we enter into such buy / sell exchanges to facilitate the delivery of quantities to certain locations. In many cases, we enter into net settlement agreements relating to the buy/sell arrangements, which may mitigate credit risk.
Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method for crude oil unfinished and finished refined products and the average cost method for materials and supplies, or market. Cost, consisting of raw material, transportation and conversion costs, is determined using the LIFO inventory valuation methodology and market is determined using current estimated selling prices. Under the LIFO method, the most recently incurred costs are charged to cost of sales and inventories are valued at the earliest acquisition costs. In periods of rapidly declining prices, LIFO inventories may have to be written down to market value due to the higher costs assigned to LIFO layers in prior periods. In addition, the use of the LIFO inventory method may result in increases or decreases to cost of sales in years that inventory volumes decline as the result of charging cost of sales with LIFO inventory costs generated in prior periods. An actual valuation of inventory under the LIFO method is made at the end of each year based on the inventory levels at that time. Accordingly, interim LIFO calculations are based on management's estimates of expected year-end inventory levels and are subject to the final year-end LIFO inventory valuation.
Derivative Instruments: All derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets and are measured at fair value. Changes in the derivative instrument's fair value are recognized in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. See Note 13 for additional information.
Long-lived assets: We calculate depreciation and amortization based on estimated useful lives and salvage values of our assets. We evaluate long-lived assets for potential impairment by identifying whether indicators of impairment exist and, if so, assessing whether the long-lived assets are recoverable from estimated future undiscounted cash flows. The actual amount of impairment loss, if any, to be recorded is equal to the amount by which a long-lived asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value, which is generally determined under an income approach using the forecasted cash flows associated with the underlying asset. Estimates of future cash flows require subjective assumptions with regard to future operating results and actual results could differ from those estimates. No impairments of long-lived assets were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Asset Retirement Obligations: We record legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development and / or the normal operation of long-lived assets. The fair value of the estimated cost to retire a tangible long-lived asset is recorded as a liability with the associated retirement costs capitalized as part of the asset's carrying amount in the period in which it is incurred and when a reasonable estimate of the fair value of the liability can be made. If a reasonable estimate cannot be made at the time the liability is incurred, we record the liability when sufficient information is available to estimate the liability's fair value.
Our asset retirement obligations were $19.1 million and $18.1 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, which are included in “Other long-term liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheets. Accretion expense was insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.
Intangibles and Goodwill: Intangible assets are assets (other than financial assets) that lack physical substance. Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Goodwill acquired in a business combination and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized while, intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis. Goodwill and intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset might be impaired. Our analysis entails a comparison of the estimated fair value of these assets that are derived using a combination of both income (discounted future expected net cash flows) and comparable market approaches against their respective carrying values. Estimates of future cash flows and fair value of assets require subjective assumptions with regard to future operating results and actual results could differ from those estimates.
In addition to goodwill, our consolidated HEP assets include a third-party transportation agreement that currently generates minimum annual cash inflows of $24.7 million and has an expected remaining term through 2035. The transportation agreement is being amortized on a straight-line basis through 2035 that results in annual amortization expense of $2.0 million. The balance of this transportation agreement was $42.5 million and $44.5 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and is presented net of accumulated amortization of $17.7 million and $15.7 million, respectively, in “Intangibles and other” in our consolidated balance sheets. There were no impairments of intangible assets or goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.
Investments in Joint Ventures: We consolidate the financial and operating results of joint ventures in which we have an ownership interest of greater than 50% and use the equity method of accounting for investments in which we have a 50% or less ownership interest. Under the equity method of accounting, we record our pro-rata share of earnings, and contributions to and distributions from joint ventures as adjustments to our investment balance.
HEP has a 25% joint venture interest in the SLC Pipeline that is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. As of December 31, 2013, HEP's underlying equity in the SLC Pipeline was $59.6 million compared to its recorded investment balance of $24.7 million, a difference of $34.9 million. This is attributable to the difference between HEP's contributed capital and its allocated equity at formation of the SLC Pipeline. This difference is being amortized as an adjustment to HEP's pro-rata share of earnings.
Revenue Recognition: Refined product sales and related cost of sales are recognized when products are shipped and title has passed to customers. HEP recognizes pipeline transportation revenues as products are shipped through its pipelines. All revenues are reported inclusive of shipping and handling costs billed and exclusive of any taxes billed to customers. Shipping and handling costs incurred are reported in cost of products sold.
Depreciation: Depreciation is provided by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, primarily 20 to 25 years for refining, pipeline and terminal facilities, 10 to 40 years for buildings and improvements, 5 to 30 years for other fixed assets and 5 years for vehicles.
Cost Classifications: Costs of products sold include the cost of crude oil, other feedstocks, blendstocks and purchased finished products, inclusive of transportation costs. We purchase crude oil that at times exceeds the supply needs of our refineries. Quantities in excess of our needs are sold at market prices to purchasers of crude oil that are recorded on a gross basis with the sales price recorded as revenues and the corresponding acquisition cost as cost of products sold. Additionally, we enter into buy/sell exchanges of crude oil with certain parties to facilitate the delivery of quantities to certain locations that are netted at carryover cost. Operating expenses include direct costs of labor, maintenance materials and services, utilities, marketing expense and other direct operating costs. General and administrative expenses include compensation, professional services and other support costs.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Deferred Maintenance Costs: Our refinery units require regular major maintenance and repairs which are commonly referred to as “turnarounds.” Catalysts used in certain refinery processes also require regular “change-outs.” The required frequency of the maintenance varies by unit and by catalyst, but generally is every two to five years. Turnaround costs are deferred and amortized over the period until the next scheduled turnaround. Other repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred.
Environmental Costs: Environmental costs are charged to operating expenses if they relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and do not contribute to current or future revenue generation. Liabilities are recorded when site restoration and environmental remediation, cleanup and other obligations are either known or considered probable and can be reasonably estimated. Such estimates require judgment with respect to costs, time frame and extent of required remedial and clean-up activities and are subject to periodic adjustments based on currently available information. Recoveries of environmental costs through insurance, indemnification arrangements or other sources are included in other assets to the extent such recoveries are considered probable.
Contingencies: We are subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims related to environmental, labor, product and other matters. We are required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of reserves required, if any, for these contingencies is made after careful analysis of each individual issue. The required reserves may change in the future due to new developments in each matter or changes in approach such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing with these matters.
Income Taxes: Provisions for income taxes include deferred taxes resulting from temporary differences in income for financial and tax purposes, using the liability method of accounting for income taxes. The liability method requires the effect of tax rate changes on current and accumulated deferred income taxes to be reflected in the period in which the rate change was enacted. The liability method also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance unless it is more likely than not that the assets will be realized.
Potential interest and penalties related to income tax matters are recognized in income tax expense. We believe we have appropriate support for the income tax positions taken and to be taken on our income tax returns and that our accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open years based on an assessment of many factors, including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter.
NOTE 2:
Holly-Frontier Merger
On February 21, 2011, we entered into a merger agreement providing for a “merger of equals” business combination between us and Frontier. On July 1, 2011, North Acquisition, Inc., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Holly, merged with and into Frontier, with Frontier surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holly. Subsequent to the merger and following approval by the post-closing board of directors of HollyFrontier, Frontier merged with and into HollyFrontier, with HollyFrontier continuing as the surviving corporation.
In accordance with the merger agreement, we issued approximately 102.8 million shares of HollyFrontier common stock in exchange for outstanding shares of Frontier common stock to former Frontier stockholders. Each outstanding share of Frontier common stock was converted into 0.4811 shares of HollyFrontier common stock with any fractional shares paid in cash. The aggregate consideration paid in connection with the merger was approximately $3.7 billion. This is based on our July 1, 2011 market closing price of $35.93 and includes a portion of the fair value of the outstanding equity-based awards assumed from Frontier that relates to pre-merger services.
Our consolidated financial and operating results reflect the operations of the merged Frontier businesses beginning July 1, 2011, which consists of crude oil refining and the wholesale marketing of refined petroleum products produced at the El Dorado and Cheyenne Refineries, which serve markets in the Rocky Mountain and Plains States regions of the United States.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 3:
Variable Interest Entities
Holly Energy Partners
HEP, a consolidated VIE, is a publicly held master limited partnership that was formed to acquire, own and operate the petroleum product and crude oil pipeline and terminal, tankage and loading rack facilities that support our refining and marketing operations in the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. HEP also owns and operates refined product pipelines and terminals, located primarily in Texas, that serve Alon's refinery in Big Spring, Texas.
As of December 31, 2013, we owned a 39% interest in HEP, including the 2% general partner interest. As the general partner of HEP, we have the sole ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact HEP's financial performance. We are the primary beneficiary of HEP's earnings and cash flows and therefore we consolidate HEP. See Note 21 for supplemental guarantor/non-guarantor financial information, including HEP balances included in these consolidated financial statements.
HEP has two primary customers (including us) and generates revenues by charging tariffs for transporting petroleum products and crude oil though its pipelines, by charging fees for terminalling refined products and other hydrocarbons, and storing and providing other services at its storage tanks and terminals. Under our long-term transportation agreements with HEP (discussed further below), we accounted for 83% of HEP’s total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2013. We do not provide financial or equity support through any liquidity arrangements and / or debt guarantees to HEP.
HEP has outstanding debt under a senior secured revolving credit agreement and its senior notes. With the exception of the assets of HEP Logistics Holdings, L.P., one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries and HEP’s general partner, HEP’s creditors have no recourse to our other assets. Any recourse to HEP’s general partner would be limited to the extent of HEP Logistics Holdings, L.P.’s assets, which other than its investment in HEP, are not significant. Furthermore, our creditors have no recourse to the assets of HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries. See Note 12 for a description of HEP’s debt obligations.
HEP has risk associated with its operations. If a major customer of HEP were to terminate its contracts or fail to meet desired shipping or throughput levels for an extended period of time, revenue would be reduced and HEP could suffer substantial losses to the extent that a new customer is not found. In the event that HEP incurs a loss, our operating results will reflect HEP’s loss, net of intercompany eliminations, to the extent of our ownership interest in HEP at that point in time.
HEP's recent acquisitions (2011 through present) are summarized below:
UNEV Interest Transaction
On July 12, 2012, HEP acquired from us our 75% interest in UNEV. We received consideration consisting of $260.0 million in cash and 1.0 million HEP common units.
Legacy Frontier Tankage and Terminal Asset Transaction
On November 9, 2011, HEP acquired from us certain tankage, loading rack and crude receiving assets located at our El Dorado and Cheyenne Refineries. We received non-cash consideration consisting of promissory notes with an aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million and 3.8 million HEP common units.
Transportation Agreements
HEP serves our refineries under long-term pipeline and terminal, tankage and throughput agreements expiring from 2019 through 2026. Under these agreements, we pay HEP fees to transport, store and throughput volumes of refined product and crude oil on HEP's pipeline and terminal, tankage and loading rack facilities that result in minimum annual payments to HEP including UNEV (a consolidated subsidiary of HEP). Under these agreements, the agreed upon tariff rates are subject to annual tariff rate adjustments on July 1 at a rate based upon the percentage change in Producer Price Index (“PPI”) or Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) index. As of December 31, 2013, these agreements result in minimum annualized payments to HEP of $225.5 million.
Our transactions with HEP including the acquisitions discussed above and fees paid under our transportation agreements with HEP and UNEV are eliminated and have no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HEP's recent common unit issuances (2011 through present) are summarized below:
2013 Issuances
In March 2013, HEP closed on a public offering of 1,875,000 of its common units. Additionally, our wholly-owned subsidiary, HollyFrontier Holdings LLC, as a selling unitholder, closed on a public sale of 1,875,000 HEP common units held by it. HEP used net proceeds of $73.4 million to repay indebtedness incurred under its credit facility and for general partnership purposes.
2012 Issuances
In July 2012, HEP issued 1.0 million of its common units to us as partial consideration for its purchase of our 75% interest in UNEV.
2011 Issuances
In December 2011, HEP issued 1.5 million of its common units priced at $53.50 per unit. Aggregate net proceeds of $75.8 million were used to repay a portion of the $150 million in promissory notes issued to us in connection with HEP's November 2011 asset acquisition from us. This repayment to us is eliminated in our consolidated financial statements.
In November 2011, HEP issued 3.8 million of its common units to us as partial consideration for its purchase from us of certain tankage, loading rack and crude receiving assets located at our El Dorado and Cheyenne Refineries.
As a result of these transactions and resulting HEP ownership changes, we adjusted additional capital, other comprehensive income and equity attributable to HEP's noncontrolling interest holders to effectively reallocate a portion of HEP's equity among its unitholders.
Sabine Biofuels
We have a 50% ownership interest in Sabine Biofuels, an unconsolidated VIE. This investment, accounted for using the equity method of accounting, had a carrying amount of $8.5 million at December 31, 2013 and is classified as a noncurrent asset under “Intangibles and other” in our consolidated balance sheets. Also, we have extended a working capital facility to Sabine Biofuels having an outstanding balance of $9.9 million at December 31, 2013.
NOTE 4:
Financial Instruments
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, investments in marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, debt and derivative instruments. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value. HEP's outstanding credit agreement borrowings also approximate fair value as interest rates are reset frequently at current interest rates.
Fair value measurements are derived using inputs (assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk). GAAP categorizes inputs used in fair value measurements into three broad levels as follows:
•
(Level 1) Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•
(Level 2) Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active or can be corroborated by observable market data.
•
(Level 3) Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes valuation techniques that involve significant unobservable inputs.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our investments in marketable securities, derivative instruments and senior notes at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were as follows:
Level 1 Financial Instruments
Our NYMEX futures contracts are exchange traded and are measured and recorded at fair value using quoted market prices, a Level 1 input.
Level 2 Financial Instruments
Investments in marketable securities and derivative instruments consisting of commodity price swaps and HEP's interest rate swaps are measured and recorded at fair value using Level 2 inputs. The fair values of the commodity price and interest rate swap contracts are based on the net present value of expected future cash flows related to both variable and fixed rate legs of the respective swap agreements. The measurements are computed using market-based observable inputs, quoted forward commodity prices with respect to our commodity price swaps and the forward London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) yield curve with respect to HEP's interest rate swaps. The fair value of the marketable securities and senior notes is based on values provided by a third party, which were derived using market quotes for similar type instruments, a Level 2 input.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Level 3 Financial Instruments
We have commodity price swap contracts that relate to forecasted sales of diesel and unleaded gasoline and forecasted purchases of WCS for which quoted forward market prices are not readily available. The forward rate used to value these price swaps is derived using a projected forward rate using quoted market rates for similar products, adjusted for regional pricing and grade differentials, a Level 3 input.
The following table presents the changes in fair value of our Level 3 assets and liabilities (all related to derivative instruments) for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:
A hypothetical change of 10% to the estimated future cash flows attributable to our Level 3 commodity price swaps would result in an estimated fair value change of $3.5 million.
NOTE 5:
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is calculated as net income attributable to HollyFrontier stockholders divided by the average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share assumes, when dilutive, the issuance of the net incremental shares from variable restricted and variable performance shares. The following is a reconciliation of the denominators of the basic and diluted per share computations for net income attributable to HollyFrontier stockholders:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 6:
Stock-Based Compensation
As of December 31, 2013, we have two principal share-based compensation plans (collectively, the “Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan”).
The compensation cost charged against income for these plans was $32.2 million, $36.3 million and $24.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our accounting policy for the recognition of compensation expense for awards with pro-rata vesting (substantially all of our awards) is to expense the costs ratably over the vesting periods.
Additionally, HEP maintains a share-based compensation plan for Holly Logistic Services, L.L.C.'s non-employee directors and certain executives and employees. Compensation cost attributable to HEP’s share-based compensation plan was $3.6 million, $2.7 million and $2.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
Under our Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, we grant certain officers and other key employees restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards with awards generally vesting over a period of one to three years. Restricted stock award recipients are generally entitled to all the rights of absolute ownership of the restricted shares from the date of grant (unless a recipient's tax election requires otherwise) including the right to vote the shares and to receive dividends. Upon vesting, restrictions on the restricted shares lapse at which time they convert to common shares. In addition, we grant non-employee directors restricted stock unit awards, which typically vest over a period of one year and are payable in stock. The fair value of each restricted stock and restricted stock unit award is measured based on the market price as of the date of grant and is amortized over the respective vesting period.
A summary of restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity and changes during the year ended December 31, 2013 is presented below:
For the year ended December 31, 2013, 491,565 restricted stock and restricted stock units vested having a grant date fair value of $16.2 million. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we granted restricted stock having a weighted average grant date fair value of $37.27 and $28.61 per unit, respectively. Additionally, restricted stock vested during these periods having grant date fair values of $27.7 million and $9.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, there was $19.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock and restricted stock unit grants. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.
Performance Share Units
Under our Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, we grant certain officers and other key employees performance share units, which are payable in stock upon meeting certain criteria over the service period, and generally vest over a period of three years. Under the terms of our performance share unit grants, awards are subject to either a “financial performance” or “market performance” criteria, or both.
The fair value of performance share unit awards subject to financial performance criteria is computed using the grant date closing stock price of each respective award grant and will apply to the number of units ultimately awarded. The number of shares ultimately issued for each award will be based on our financial performance as compared to peer group companies over the performance period and can range from zero to 200%. As of December 31, 2013, estimated share payouts for outstanding non-vested performance share unit awards ranged approximately from 110% to 165%.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
For the performance share units subject to market performance criteria, performance is calculated as the total shareholder return achieved by HollyFrontier stockholders compared with the average shareholder return achieved by an equally-weighted peer group of independent refining companies over a three-year period. These share unit awards are valued using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which simulates future stock price movements using key inputs including grant date stock prices, expected stock price performance, expected rate of return and volatility. These units are payable in stock based on share price performance relative to the defined peer group and can range from zero to 200% of the initial target award.
A summary of performance share unit activity and changes during the year ended December 31, 2013 is presented below:
For the year ended December 31, 2013, we issued 210,819 shares of our common stock, representing a 167% payout on vested performance share units having a grant date fair value of $11.6 million. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we issued common stock upon the vesting of the performance share units having a grant date fair value of $6.0 million and $2.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, based on the weighted-average grant date fair value of $38.75 per share, there was $28.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested performance share units. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years.
NOTE 7:
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities
Our investment portfolio at December 31, 2013 consisted of cash, cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities.
We currently invest in marketable debt securities with the maximum maturity or put date of any individual issue generally not greater than one year from the date of purchase, which are usually held until maturity. All of these instruments are classified as available-for-sale. As a result, they are reported at fair value using quoted market prices. Interest income is recorded as earned. Unrealized gains and losses, net of related income taxes, are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Upon sale or maturity, realized gains on our marketable debt securities are recognized as interest income. These gains are computed based on the specific identification of the underlying cost of the securities, net of unrealized gains and losses previously reported in other comprehensive income. Unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale securities are due to changes in market prices and are considered temporary.
The following is a summary of our marketable securities:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Interest income recognized on our marketable securities was $2.1 million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
NOTE 8:
Inventories
Inventory consists of the following components:
(1)
Other raw materials and unfinished products include feedstocks and blendstocks, other than crude.
(2)
Finished products include gasolines, jet fuels, diesels, lubricants, asphalts, LPG’s and residual fuels.
(3)
Process chemicals include additives and other chemicals.
The excess of current cost over the LIFO value of inventory was $273.0 million and $134.0 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2013, we recognized a charge of $9.2 million to cost of products sold as we liquidated certain quantities of LIFO inventory that were carried at historical acquisition costs above market prices at the time of liquidation. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we recognized reductions of $4.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, to cost of products sold due to the liquidation of certain quantities of LIFO inventory that were carried at historical acquisition costs below market value at the time of liquidation.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 9:
Properties, Plants and Equipment
We capitalized interest attributable to construction projects of $12.1 million, $9.1 million and $17.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Depreciation expense was $213.6 million, $182.9 million and $125.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, depreciation expense included $62.3 million, $55.5 million and $31.2 million, respectively, attributable to HEP operations.
NOTE 10:
Goodwill
The following table provides a summary of changes to our goodwill balance by segment for the year ended December 31, 2013.
During 2013, we recorded additional in-process inventory and a corresponding reduction in goodwill to correct immaterial errors related to inventories purchased in previous business combinations.
NOTE 11:
Environmental
We expensed $13.2 million, $46.1 million and $14.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, for environmental remediation obligations. In 2012, we increased certain environmental cost accruals to reflect revisions to certain cost estimates and the time frame for which certain environmental remediation and monitoring activities are expected to occur. The accrued environmental liability reflected in our consolidated balance sheets was $87.8 million and $88.9 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, of which $73.6 million and $72.6 million, respectively, were classified as other long-term liabilities. These accruals include remediation and monitoring costs expected to be incurred over an extended period of time (up to 30 years for certain projects).
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 12:
Debt
HollyFrontier Credit Agreement
We have a $1 billion senior secured credit agreement that matures in July 2016 (the “HollyFrontier Credit Agreement”) and may be used to fund working capital requirements, capital expenditures, acquisitions and general corporate purposes. Obligations under the HollyFrontier Credit Agreement are collateralized by our inventory, accounts receivable and certain deposit accounts and guaranteed by our material, wholly-owned subsidiaries. At December 31, 2013, we were in compliance with all covenants, had no outstanding borrowings and had outstanding letters of credit totaling $5.2 million under the HollyFrontier Credit Agreement.
HEP Credit Agreement
In November 2013, HEP amended its senior secured credit agreement increasing the size of the credit facility from $550 million to $650 million (the “HEP Credit Agreement”). The HEP Credit Agreement matures in November 2018 and is available to fund capital expenditures, investments, acquisitions, distribution payments and working capital and for general partnership purposes. It is also available to fund letters of credit up to a $50 million sub-limit. At December 31, 2013, HEP was in compliance with all its covenants, had outstanding borrowings of $363.0 million and no outstanding letters of credit under the HEP Credit Agreement.
Indebtedness under the HEP Credit Agreement bears interest, at their option, at either a reference rate announced by the administrative agent plus an applicable margin or at a rate equal to LIBOR plus an applicable margin. In each case, the applicable margin is based upon the ratio of HEP’s funded debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (as defined in the HEP Credit Agreement). The interest rates in effect on HEP’s Credit Agreement borrowings were 2.163% and 2.456% at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
HEP’s obligations under the HEP Credit Agreement are collateralized by substantially all of HEP’s assets (presented parenthetically in our consolidated balance sheets). Indebtedness under the HEP Credit Agreement involves recourse to HEP Logistics Holdings, L.P., its general partner, and is guaranteed by HEP’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. Any recourse to the general partner would be limited to the extent of HEP Logistics Holdings, L.P.’s assets, which other than its investment in HEP, are not significant. HEP’s creditors have no recourse to our other assets. Furthermore, our creditors have no recourse to the assets of HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries.
HollyFrontier Senior Notes
Our 6.875% senior notes ($150.0 million principal amount maturing November 2018) (the “HollyFrontier Senior Notes”) are unsecured and impose certain restrictive covenants, including limitations on our ability to incur additional debt, incur liens, enter into sale-and-leaseback transactions, pay dividends, enter into mergers, sell assets and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. Additionally, we have certain redemption rights under the HollyFrontier Senior Notes.
At any time, following notice to the trustee, that the HollyFrontier Senior Notes are rated investment grade by both Moody's and Standard & Poor's and no default or event of default exists, we are not subject to many of the foregoing covenants (a "Covenant Suspension"). As of December 31, 2013, the HollyFrontier Senior Notes were rated investment grade (BBB-) by Standard & Poor's and also investment grade (Baa3) by Moody's. As a result, we are under the Covenant Suspension pursuant to the terms of the indenture governing the HollyFrontier Senior Notes.
In June 2013, we redeemed our $286.8 million aggregate principal amount of 9.875% senior notes maturing June 2017 at a redemption cost of $301.0 million, at which time we recognized a $22.1 million early extinguishment loss consisting of a $14.2 million debt redemption premium and an unamortized discount of $7.9 million.
In September 2012, we redeemed our $200 million aggregate principal amount of 8.5% senior notes maturing September 2016 at a redemption price of $208.5 million.
HollyFrontier Financing Obligation
We have a financing obligation that relates to a sale and lease-back of certain crude oil tankage that we sold to an affiliate of Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. (“Plains”) in October 2009 for $40.0 million. Monthly lease payments are recorded as a reduction in principal over the 15-year lease term ending in 2024.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HEP Senior Notes
HEP’s senior notes consist of the following:
•
8.25% HEP senior notes ($150 million principal amount maturing March 2018)
•
6.5% HEP senior notes ($300 million principal amount maturing March 2020)
In March 2012, HEP issued $300 million in an aggregate principal amount of 6.5% HEP senior notes maturing March 2020. The $294.8 million in net proceeds were used to repay $157.8 million aggregate principal amount of 6.25% HEP senior notes, $72.9 million in promissory notes due to HollyFrontier, related fees, expenses and accrued interest in connection with these transactions and to repay borrowings under the HEP Credit Agreement. In April 2012, HEP called for redemption the remaining $27.2 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of 6.25% HEP senior notes.
The 8.25% and 6.5% HEP senior notes (collectively, the “HEP Senior Notes”) are unsecured and impose certain restrictive covenants, including limitations on HEP’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, make investments, sell assets, incur certain liens, pay distributions, enter into transactions with affiliates, and enter into mergers. At any time when the HEP Senior Notes are rated investment grade by both Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s and no default or event of default exists, HEP will not be subject to many of the foregoing covenants. Additionally, HEP has certain redemption rights under the HEP Senior Notes. On February 12, 2014, HEP announced that it will redeem all of its outstanding 8.25% senior notes. The redemption price will be equal to 104.125% of the principal amount for a total payment to the holders of the notes of approximately $156.2 million plus accrued interest. The redemption of the 8.25% senior notes is scheduled to occur on March 15, 2014. HEP plans to fund the redemption with borrowings under the HEP Credit Agreement.
Indebtedness under the HEP Senior Notes involves recourse to HEP Logistics Holdings, L.P., its general partner, and is guaranteed by HEP’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. However, any recourse to the general partner would be limited to the extent of HEP Logistics Holdings, L.P.’s assets, which other than its investment in HEP, are not significant. HEP’s creditors have no other recourse to our assets. Furthermore, our creditors have no recourse to the assets of HEP and its consolidated subsidiaries.
The carrying amounts of long-term debt are as follows:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Principal maturities of long-term debt are as follows:
NOTE 13:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Commodity Price Risk Management
Our primary market risk is commodity price risk. We are exposed to market risks related to the volatility in crude oil and refined products, as well as volatility in the price of natural gas used in our refining operations. We periodically enter into derivative contracts in the form of commodity price swaps and futures contracts to mitigate price exposure with respect to:
•
our inventory positions;
•
natural gas purchases;
•
costs of crude oil and related grade differentials;
•
prices of refined products; and
•
our refining margins.
Accounting Hedges
We have swap contracts serving as cash flow hedges against price risk on forecasted purchases of natural gas and WTI crude oil and forecasted sales of ultra-low sulfur diesel and conventional unleaded gasoline. These contracts have been designated as accounting hedges and are measured quarterly at fair value with offsetting adjustments (gains/losses) recorded directly to other comprehensive income. These fair value adjustments are later reclassified to earnings as the hedging instruments mature. Also on a quarterly basis, hedge ineffectiveness is measured by comparing the change in fair value of the swap contracts against the expected future cash inflows/outflows on the respective transaction being hedged. Any hedge ineffectiveness is also recognized in earnings.
The following table presents the pre-tax effect on other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and earnings due to fair value adjustments and maturities of commodity price swaps under hedge accounting:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
As of December 31, 2013, we have the following notional contract volumes related to outstanding derivative instruments serving as cash flow hedges against price risk on forecasted purchases of natural gas and crude oil and sales of refined products:
In the first quarter of 2013, we dedesignated certain commodity price swaps (long positions) that previously received hedge accounting treatment. These contracts now serve as economic hedges against price risk on forecasted natural gas purchases totaling 38,400,000 MMBTU's to be purchased ratably through 2017. As of December 31, 2013, we have an unrealized loss of $4.3 million classified in accumulated other comprehensive income that relates to the application of hedge accounting prior to dedesignation that will be amortized as a charge to operating expenses as the contracts mature.
Economic Hedges
We also have swap contracts that serve as economic hedges (derivatives used for risk management, but not designated as accounting hedges) to fix our purchase price on forecasted natural gas purchases, and to lock in the spread between WCS and WTI crude oil on forecasted purchases of WCS. Also, we have NYMEX futures contracts to lock in prices on forecasted purchases of inventory. These contracts are measured quarterly at fair value with offsetting adjustments (gains/losses) recorded directly to income.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
The following table presents the pre-tax effect on income due to maturities and fair value adjustments of our economic hedges:
As of December 31, 2013, we have the following notional contract volumes related to our outstanding derivative contracts serving as economic hedges:
Interest Rate Risk Management
HEP uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to interest rate risk.
As of December 31, 2013, HEP had three interest rate swap contracts that hedge its exposure to the cash flow risk caused by the effects of LIBOR changes on $305.0 million in credit agreement advances. The first interest rate swap effectively converts $155.0 million of LIBOR based debt to fixed rate debt having an interest rate of 0.99% plus an applicable margin of 2.00% as of December 31, 2013, which equaled an effective interest rate of 2.99%. This swap matures in February 2016. HEP has two additional interest rate swaps with identical terms which effectively convert $150.0 million of LIBOR based debt to fixed rate debt having an interest rate of 0.74% plus an applicable margin of 2.00% as of December 31, 2013, which equaled an effective interest rate of 2.74%. Both of these swap contracts mature in July 2017. All of these swap contracts have been designated as cash flow hedges. To date, there has been no ineffectiveness on these cash flow hedges.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
The following table presents the pre-tax effect on other comprehensive income and earnings due to fair value adjustments and maturities of HEP's interest rate swaps under hedge accounting:
The following table presents the fair value and balance sheet locations of our outstanding derivative instruments. These amounts are presented on a gross basis with offsetting balances that reconcile to a net asset or liability position in our consolidated balance sheets. We present on a net basis to reflect the net settlement of these positions in accordance with provisions of our master netting arrangements.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
At December 31, 2013, we had a pre-tax net unrealized loss of $44.3 million classified in accumulated other comprehensive income that relates to all accounting hedges having contractual maturities through 2017. Assuming commodity prices and interest rates remain unchanged, an unrealized loss of $22.2 million will be effectively transferred from accumulated other comprehensive income into the statement of income as the hedging instruments contractually mature over the next twelve-month period.
NOTE 14:
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is comprised of the following:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
The statutory federal income tax rate applied to pre-tax book income reconciles to income tax expense as follows:
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Our deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
At December 31, 2013, we had a net operating loss carryforward of $46.2 million in the state of Colorado that is scheduled to be utilized in 2014 through 2029 and a Kansas income tax credit of $12.8 million that is scheduled to be utilized in 2014 through 2019. These amounts are reflected in other current and non-current deferred tax assets.
As of December 31, 2013, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $9.0 million. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
At December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, there were $0.4 million, $10.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate. Unrecognized tax benefits are adjusted in the period in which new information about a tax position becomes available or the final outcome differs from the amount recorded.
We recognize interest and penalties relating to liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits as an element of tax expense. We have not recorded any penalties related to our uncertain tax positions as we believe that it is more likely than not that there will not be any assessment of penalties. We expect that unrecognized tax benefits for tax positions taken with respect to 2013 and prior years will change within the next 12 months and the majority of these items will be settled with taxing authorities.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
We are subject to U.S. federal income tax, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Kansas, Utah, Arizona, Colorado and Iowa income tax and to income tax of multiple other state jurisdictions. We have substantially concluded all U.S. federal, state and local income tax matters for tax years through December 31, 2009. In late 2013, the Internal Revenue Service commenced an examination of our U.S. federal tax returns for tax years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012. We anticipate that these audits will be completed in 2014.
NOTE 15:
Stockholders' Equity
Shares of our common stock outstanding and activity for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are presented below:
(1)
Includes 235,922, 560,484 and 747,225 shares, respectively, withheld under the terms of stock-based compensation agreements to provide funds for the payment of payroll and income taxes due at the vesting of share-based awards, as well as other stock repurchases under separate authority from our Board of Directors.
We have a Board approved repurchase program that authorizes us to repurchase common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing and amount of stock repurchases will depend on market conditions, corporate, regulatory and other relevant considerations. This program may be discontinued at any time by the Board of Directors. As of December 31, 2013, we had remaining authorization to repurchase up to $311.6 million under this stock repurchase program.
In May 2012, we entered into a structured share repurchase arrangement with a financial institution under which we provided an up-front cash payment of $100.0 million and, depending on market conditions, would either receive shares of our common stock or cash at the expiration of the agreement. The agreement expired in September 2012 at which time we received our up-front payment plus an additional $8.6 million in cash that was recorded as additional capital.
During the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we withheld shares of our common stock from certain employees in the amounts of $11.3 million, $22.4 million and $24.9 million, respectively. These withholdings were made under the terms of restricted stock and performance share unit agreements upon vesting, at which time, we concurrently made cash payments to fund payroll and income taxes on behalf of officers and employees who elected to have shares withheld from vested amounts to pay such taxes.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 16:
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components and allocated tax effects of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
The temporary unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities is due to changes in market prices.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
The following table presents the income statement line item effects for reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”):
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the equity section of our consolidated balance sheets includes:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 17:
Retirement Plan
In 2012, our Compensation Committee, pursuant to authority delegated to it by the Board of Directors, approved the termination of the HollyFrontier Corporation Pension Plan (the "Plan"), a non-contributory defined benefit retirement plan that covered certain employees and was fully frozen prior to 2013.
In June 2013, we made contributions of $22.7 million to the Plan, which was sufficient for the Plan to settle its obligations to all participants including the premium paid to the non-participating annuity provider. In 2013, we recognized a pre-tax pension settlement charge of $39.5 million, of which $37.6 million was reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income, representing the irrevocable portion of our obligation.
The following table sets forth the changes in the benefit obligation and plan assets of our retirement plan for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Net periodic pension expense consisted of the following components:
The weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit expense:
In 2012, we established a program for plan participants whose benefits pursuant to the defined benefit plan were frozen. The program provides for payments after year-end for three years (beginning with 2012) provided the employee is employed by us on the last day of each year. The payments are based on each employee's years of service and eligible salary. Transition benefit costs associated with transition to the new defined contribution plan were $12.5 million and $15.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Post-retirement Healthcare Plans
We provide post-retirement medical benefits to certain eligible employees. These plans are unfunded and provide differing levels of healthcare benefits dependent upon hire date and work location. Not all of our employees are covered by these plans at December 31, 2013.
Effective December 31, 2012, we amended the post-retirement healthcare plans for participants retiring after December 31, 2012 by eliminating post-retirement benefits after reaching age 65 and eliminating early retirement benefits for most participants who retire before reaching age 62. In addition, certain future retirees will receive a cash payment in lieu of post-retirement benefits after reaching age 65 and other changes were made generally to conform benefits. In the first quarter of 2013, we settled a portion of our post-retirement medical obligation, at which time we reclassified a $1.7 million pretax loss out of accumulated other comprehensive income that was recognized as a charge to net income.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
The following table sets forth the changes in the benefit obligation and plan assets of our post-retirement healthcare plans for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:
Benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, are expected to be paid as follows: $1.4 million in 2014; $1.2 million in 2015; $1.2 million in 2016; $1.2 million in 2017; $1.3 million in 2018; and $6.6 million in 2019 through 2023.
The weighted average assumptions used to determine end of period benefit obligations:
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
Net periodic post-retirement expense consisted of the following components:
Assumed health care cost trend rates have an effect on the amounts reported for the post-retirement health care benefit plans. The weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit expense follow:
The effect of a 1% change in health care cost trend rates is as follows:
Retirement Restoration Plan
We adopted an unfunded retirement restoration plan that provides for additional payments from us so that total retirement plan benefits for certain executives will be maintained at the levels provided in the retirement plan before the application of Internal Revenue Code limitations. Effective January 1, 2012, we ceased to accrue benefits under this plan. We expensed $0.4 million, $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, in connection with this plan. The accrued liability reflected in the consolidated balance sheets was $6.8 million and $7.4 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, the projected benefit obligation under this plan was $6.8 million. Benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, are expected to be paid as follows: $2.3 million in 2014; $0.5 million in 2015; $0.5 million in 2016; $1.6 million in 2017; $0.3 million in 2018; and $1.3 million in 2019 through 2023.
Defined Contribution Plans
We have a defined contribution “401(k)” plan that covers substantially all employees. Our contributions are based on an employee's eligible compensation and years of service. We also partially match the employee's contributions. We expensed $15.5 million, $16.0 million and $9.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, in connection with these plans.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 18:
Lease Commitments
We lease certain office and storage facilities, rail cars and other equipment under long-term operating leases, most of which contain renewal options. At December 31, 2013, the minimum future rental commitments under operating leases having non-cancellable lease terms in excess of one year are as follows:
Rental expense charged to operations was $48.5 million, $42.6 million and $35.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, rental expense included $8.3 million, $8.1 million and $7.5 million attributable to the HEP operations.
NOTE 19:
Contingencies and Contractual Commitments
We are a party to various litigation and legal proceedings which we believe, based on advice of counsel, will not either individually or in the aggregate have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Contractual Commitments
We have various long-term agreements (entered in the normal course of business) to purchase crude oil, natural gas, feedstocks and other resources to ensure we have adequate supplies to operate our refineries. The substantial majority of our purchase obligations are based on market prices or rates. These contracts expire in 2014 through 2020.
We also have long-term agreements with third parties for the transportation and storage of crude oil, natural gas and feedstocks to our refineries and for terminal and storage services that expire in 2014 through 2032. At December 31, 2013, the minimum future transportation and storage fees under transportation agreements having terms in excess of one year are as follows:
Transportation and storage costs incurred under these agreements totaled $122.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. These amounts do not include contractual commitments under our long-term transportation agreements with HEP. HEP is a consolidated VIE; all transactions with HEP are eliminated in these consolidated financial statements.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 20:
Segment Information
Our operations are organized into two reportable segments, Refining and HEP. Our operations that are not included in the Refining and HEP segments are included in Corporate and Other. Intersegment transactions are eliminated in our consolidated financial statements and are included in Consolidations and Eliminations.
The Refining segment represents the operations of the El Dorado, Tulsa, Navajo, Cheyenne and Woods Cross Refineries and NK Asphalt (aggregated as a reportable segment). Refining activities involve the purchase and refining of crude oil and wholesale and branded marketing of refined products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel. These petroleum products are primarily marketed in the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. Additionally, the Refining segment includes specialty lubricant products produced at our Tulsa Refineries that are marketed throughout North America and are distributed in Central and South America. NK Asphalt operates various asphalt terminals in Arizona and New Mexico.
The HEP segment includes all of the operations of HEP, a consolidated VIE, which owns and operates logistics assets consisting of petroleum product and crude oil pipelines and terminal, tankage and loading rack facilities in the Mid-Continent, Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. The HEP segment also includes a 75% interest in UNEV (a consolidated subsidiary of HEP) and a 25% interest in the SLC Pipeline. Revenues from the HEP segment are earned through transactions with unaffiliated parties for pipeline transportation, rental and terminalling operations as well as revenues relating to pipeline transportation services provided for our refining operations. Due to certain basis differences, our reported amounts for the HEP segment may not agree to amounts reported in HEP’s periodic public filings.
The accounting policies for our segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies (see Note 1).
HEP segment revenues from external customers were $53.4 million, $47.6 million and $46.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
NOTE 21:
Supplemental Guarantor/Non-Guarantor Financial Information
Our obligations under the HollyFrontier Senior Notes have been jointly and severally guaranteed by the substantial majority of our existing and future restricted subsidiaries (“Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries”). These guarantees are full and unconditional. HEP, in which we have a 39% ownership interest at December 31, 2013, and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Non-Guarantor Non-Restricted Subsidiaries”), and certain of our other subsidiaries (“Non-Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries”) have not guaranteed these obligations.
The following condensed consolidating financial information is provided for HollyFrontier Corporation (the “Parent”), the Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries, the Non-Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries and the Non-Guarantor Non-Restricted Subsidiaries. The information has been presented as if the Parent accounted for its ownership in the Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries, and the Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries accounted for the ownership of the Non-Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries and Non-Guarantor Non-Restricted Subsidiaries, using the equity method of accounting. The Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries and the Non-Guarantor Restricted Subsidiaries are collectively the “Restricted Subsidiaries.”
Certain reclassifications have been made to intercompany balances in our prior year condensed parent company balance sheet to conform with our current year presentation. Additionally, we have made certain revisions to our prior year condensed statements of cash flows to reclassify intercompany lending and distribution activity between operating, investing and financing activities.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
(1) Parent operating cash flows includes cash inflows of $806.0 million, $2,727.6 million and $2,147.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, representing distributions of earnings from the Restricted Subsidiaries.
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Continued
NOTE 22:
Significant Customers
All revenues are domestic revenues, except for refining segment sales of gasoline and diesel fuel for export into Mexico. We have two significant customers (Sinclair and Shell Oil), each of which has historically accounted for 10% or more of our annual revenues. Sinclair accounted for $2,134.3 million (11%), $2,106.6 million (10%) and $2,035.1 million (13%) of our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and Shell Oil accounted for $1,830.5 million (9%), $2,323.6 million (12%) and $1,540.6 million (10%) for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our export sales were to an affiliate of PEMEX and accounted for $310.0 million (2%), $429.4 million (2%) and $370.0 million (2%) of our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
NOTE 23:
Quarterly Information (Unaudited)
Item 9.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
We have had no change in, or disagreement with, our independent registered public accountants on matters involving accounting and financial disclosure.
Item 9A.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated, as required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this annual report on Form 10-K. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Based upon the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of December 31, 2013.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
See Item 8 for “Management's Report on its Assessment of the Company's Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” and “Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”
Item 9B.
Item 9B. Other Information
There have been no events that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2013 that would need to be reported on Form 8-K that have not previously been reported.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by Items 401, 405, 406 and 407(c)(3), (d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K in response to this item will be set forth in our definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 14, 2014 and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by Items 402 and 407(e)(4) and (e)(5) of Regulation S-K in response to this item will be set forth in our definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 14, 2014 and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The equity compensation plan information required by Item 201(d) and the information required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K in response to this item will be set forth in our definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 14, 2014 and is incorporated herein by reference.
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Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by Items 404 and 407(a) of Regulation S-K in response to this item will be set forth in our definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 14, 2014 and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A in response to this item will be set forth in our definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 14, 2014 and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Documents filed as part of this report
(1) Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Index to Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules
All schedules are omitted since the required information is not present or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
The Exhibit Index on pages 105 to 112 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K lists the exhibits that are filed or furnished, as applicable, as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and as of the date indicated.
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HOLLYFRONTIER CORPORATION
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibits are numbered to correspond to the exhibit table
in Item 601 of Regulation S-K
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* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
+ Constitutes management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.
++ Filed electronically herewith.