Item 1: Business
Teradyne, Inc. (the “Company” or “Teradyne”) was founded in 1960 and is a leading global supplier of automatic test equipment.
We design, develop, manufacture and sell automatic test systems and solutions used to test semiconductors, wireless products, hard disk drives and circuit boards in the consumer electronics, wireless, automotive, industrial, computing, communications and aerospace and defense industries. Our automatic test equipment products and services include:
•
semiconductor test (“Semiconductor Test”) systems;
•
wireless test (“Wireless Test”) systems; and
•
military/aerospace (“Mil/Aero”) test instrumentation and systems, storage test (“Storage Test”) systems, and circuit-board test and inspection (“Commercial Board Test”) systems (collectively these products represent “Systems Test Group”).
We have a broad customer base which includes integrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”), outsourced semiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”), wafer foundries, fabless companies that design, but contract with others for the manufacture of integrated circuits (“ICs”), developers of wireless devices and consumer electronics, manufacturers of circuit boards, automotive suppliers, wireless product manufacturers, storage device manufacturers, aerospace and military contractors.
In 2011, we acquired LitePoint Corporation (“LitePoint”) to expand our product portfolio of test equipment in the wireless test sector. LitePoint designs, develops, and supports advanced wireless test solutions for the development and manufacturing of wireless devices, including smart phones, tablets, notebooks, laptops, personal computer peripherals, and other Wi-Fi and cellular enabled devices. LitePoint is our Wireless Test segment.
In 2009, we entered the High Speed dynamic random access memory (“DRAM”) testing market with our UltraFlex-M product. High speed DRAM memory devices are used for data storage and high-end graphics applications in personal computer and gaming consoles.
In 2009, we also entered the market for hard disk drive test systems with our Neptune product. The Neptune product line currently is used to test 2.5 inch hard disk drives for laptops, notebooks and consumer electronic storage devices. In 2013, we intend to enter the test market for 3.5 inch hard disk drives which are used in cloud computing and other applications.
In 2008, we acquired Nextest Systems Corporation (“Nextest”) and Eagle Test Systems, Inc. (“Eagle Test”) to expand our product portfolio of automatic test equipment for the semiconductor industry. Nextest develops systems to test integrated circuits such as microcontrollers, image sensors, smart cards and field programmable logic devices for the flash memory, flash card and flash memory based system-on-a-chip (“SOC”) markets. Eagle Test develops systems to test analog, mixed-signal and radio frequency semiconductors used in digital cameras, MP3 players, cellular telephones, video/multimedia products, automotive electronics and notebook and desktop computers. Nextest and Eagle Test are included within our Semiconductor Test segment.
Investor Information
We are a Massachusetts corporation incorporated on September 23, 1960. We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). We file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Such reports,
proxy statements and other information may be obtained by visiting the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549 or by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file documents electronically.
You can access financial and other information, including the charters of our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Conduct, by clicking the Investors link on our web site at www.teradyne.com. We make available, free of charge, copies of our filings with the SEC, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act through our web site as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such material electronically or otherwise furnishing it to the SEC.
Products
Semiconductor Test
We design, manufacture, sell and support Semiconductor Test products and services on a worldwide basis. The test systems we provide are used both for wafer level and device package testing. These chips are used in automotive, industrial, communications, consumer, computer and electronic game applications, among others. Semiconductor devices span a broad range of functionality, from very simple low-cost devices such as appliance microcontrollers, operational amplifiers or voltage regulators to complex digital signal processors, microprocessors, high-density as well as high speed memory devices. Semiconductor Test products and services are sold to IDMs that integrate the fabrication of silicon wafers into their business, “Fabless” companies that outsource the manufacturing of silicon wafers, “Foundries” that cater to the processing and manufacturing of silicon wafers, and OSATs that provide test and assembly services for the final packaged devices to both Fabless companies and IDMs. Fabless companies perform the design of integrated circuits without manufacturing capabilities, and use Foundries for wafer manufacturing and OSATs for test and assembly. These customers obtain the overall benefit of comprehensively testing devices and reducing the total costs associated with testing by using our Semiconductor Test systems to:
•
improve and control product quality;
•
measure and improve product performance;
•
reduce time to market; and
•
increase production yields.
Our FLEX Test Platform architecture advances our core technologies to produce test equipment that is designed for high efficiency multi-site testing. Multi-site testing involves the simultaneous testing of many devices and functions in parallel. Leading semiconductor manufacturers are using multi-site testing to significantly improve their “Cost of Test” economics. The FLEX Test Platform architecture addresses customer requirements through the following key capabilities:
1) A high efficiency multi-site architecture that eliminates tester overhead such as instrument setup, synchronization and data movement, and signal processing;
2) The IG-XL™ software operating system which provides fast program development, including instant conversion from single to multi-site test; and
3) Broad technology coverage by instruments designed to cover the range of test parameters, coupled with a universal slot test head design that allows easy test system reconfiguration to address changing test needs.
FLEX Test Platform purchases are being made by IDMs, OSATs, Foundries and Fabless customers. The FLEX Test Platform has become a widely used test solution at OSATs and test houses by providing versatile testers that can handle the widest range of devices, allowing OSATs to leverage their capital investments. The
broad consumer, automotive and broadband markets have historically driven most of the device volume growth in the semiconductor industry. These markets include smart phones, cell phones, tablets, set top boxes, HDTVs, game controllers, computer graphics, and automotive controllers to name a few. These end use markets continue to be drivers for the FLEX Test Platform family of products because they require a wide range of technologies and instrument coverage. The FLEX Test Platform has an installed base of more than 3,500 systems to date and it continues to grow. The introduction of the UltraFLEX-M tester in 2009 extended the FLEX Test Platform into the High Speed DRAM testing market.
Our J750™ test system shares the IG-XL software environment with the family of FLEX Test Platform systems. The J750 is designed to address the highest volume semiconductor devices such as microcontrollers that are central to the functionality of almost every consumer electronics product, from small appliances to automotive engine controllers. J750 test systems combine compact packaging, high throughput and ease of production test. We extended the J750 platform technology to create the IP750 Image Sensor™ test system. The IP750 is focused on testing image sensor devices used in digital cameras and other imaging products. We continue to invest in the J750 platform with new instrument releases that bring new capabilities to existing market segments and expand the J750 platform to new devices that include high end microcontrollers and the latest generation of cameras. The J750 platform has an installed base of over 3,900 systems and it continues to grow.
Our acquisition of Nextest in January of 2008 expanded our product offerings to include the Magnum test platform. The Magnum products address the requirements of mass production test of memory devices such as flash memory and DRAM. Flash and DRAM memory are widely used core building blocks in modern electronic products finding wide application in consumer, industrial, and computing equipment. Magnum II is the newest member of the family. With test rates up to 800 megabits per second and a versatile architecture designed for maximal throughput, Magnum II tests flash and DRAM devices, an important advantage for large memory producers that manufacture both types of memory. The Magnum platform has an installed base of over 1,300 systems and it continues to grow.
Our acquisition of Eagle Test in November of 2008 expanded our product offerings to include the ETS platform. The ETS platform is used by semiconductor manufacturers and assembly and test subcontractors, primarily in the low pin count analog/mixed signal discrete markets that cover more cost sensitive applications. Eagle Test’s proprietary SmartPin™ technology enables multiple semiconductor devices to be tested simultaneously, or in parallel, on an individual test system, permitting greater test throughput. Semiconductors tested by Eagle Test’s systems are incorporated into a wide range of products in historically high-growth markets, including digital cameras, MP3 players, cell phones, video/multimedia products, automotive electronics, computer peripherals, and notebook and desktop computers. The ETS platform has an installed base of over 2,900 systems and it continues to grow.
Wireless Test
Our acquisition of LitePoint in October of 2011 expanded our product offerings in the wireless test industry. LitePoint designs, develops, and supports advanced wireless test solutions for the development and manufacturing of wireless devices, including smart phones, tablets, notebooks/laptops, personal computer peripherals, and other Wi-Fi and cellular enabled devices. LitePoint collaborates with developers, component manufacturers, and industry leaders to create agile systems capable of analyzing the entire wireless landscape. Using easy-to-deploy, innovative test methodologies running on software-controlled module design, LitePoint’s IQ product line is designed for high-volume, low-cost product test. LitePoint’s products fall into two categories: cellular and connectivity.
Cellular
The LitePoint IQxstream™ is an optimized solution for high-speed testing of GSM, EDGE, W-CDMA, HSPA+, cdma2000, and LTE technologies-used for calibration and verification of smartphones, tablets, and embedded cellular modules. As the industry’s fist “multi-DUT” test solution, it greatly increases production
output through the implementation of parallel test methods of multiple devices. IQxstream is complemented by LitePoint’s IQvector™ solution, a turnkey production-optimized testing package that supports the leading cellular chipset solutions, and allows manufacturers to ramp volume production in a matter of weeks, rather than months.
Connectivity
LitePoint offers a comprehensive range of hardware and software solutions for connectivity testing. The IQxel™, IQxel80, and new IQxel160 enable testing of the latest Wi-Fi standard-802.11ac-taking wireless data rates beyond the gigabit per second barrier. The IQxel supports multiple bandwidths and channel configurations, MIMO antenna arrangements, Bluetooth™ 1.0-4.0, as well as legacy 802.11 a/b/g/n/p modes. It is targeted at manufacturers of networking equipment, Internet access devices, and embedded modules used in smartphones, tablets, and PCs. The LitePoint IQ2015™ is a one-box solution for multi-connectivity needs, including Wi-Fi (a/b/g/n), Bluetooth™ (1.0-4.0), GPS/GLONASS, FM, WiMAX and ZigBee. It is a preferred choice by manufacturers of smartphones and tablets. LitePoint continues to deliver and support its legacy products, including IQflex™, IQnxn™, IQ2010™, IQnav™, and IQview™.
LitePoint IQfactPlus™ is a turnkey, chipset specific solution, enabling rapid volume manufacturing with a minimum of engineering effort. IQfact solution can be customized for a specific end product and then deployed on LitePoint test equipment.
Systems Test Group
Our Systems Test Group segment is comprised of three business units: Mil/Aero, Storage Test and Commercial Board Test.
Mil/Aero
We are a leading provider of high-performance test systems, subsystems, instruments, software solutions and service for the defense and aerospace markets. Our solutions are used to ensure the readiness of military and commercial aerospace electronics systems. New programs, such as tactical aircraft and missile systems, as well as upgrade programs, continue to fuel the demand for high performance test systems in this market. Our solutions are well-suited to the demands of defense/aerospace electronics manufacturers and repair depots worldwide. Our leadership in this market is underscored by our success with major Department of Defense programs across all U.S. military service branches and many allied defense services worldwide.
Storage Test
The Storage Test business unit addresses the high throughput, automated manufacturing test requirement of hard disk drive (HDD) manufacturers. Our products address the 2.5 inch HDD market that is driven by the needs of laptop, ultrabook, and enterprise storage products. We are a leading supplier of test equipment to this market as illustrated by our success at each of the HDD manufacturers. Our Neptune tester is a leader in addressing customer requirements related to factory density, thermal performance and vibration isolation. In 2013, we intend to enter the test market for 3.5 inch hard disk drives which are used in cloud computing and other applications.
Commercial Board Test
Our test and inspection systems are used by electronics manufacturers worldwide. Our products verify that printed circuit boards are assembled correctly and operational. Fast, accurate and cost-effective test capabilities are hallmark features of our In-Circuit-Test (ICT) systems, including the TestStation™ and Spectrum™ product families. We offer a full range of ICT equipment, including handler-ready, in-line test systems for high volume automated board manufacturing, standalone offline systems and combined ICT/functional test solutions.
Discontinued Operations
On March 21, 2011, our Diagnostic Solutions business unit was sold to SPX Corporation for $40.2 million in cash. This business provided electronic test and diagnostic systems to the automotive OEMs and their major subcontractors. This business unit was in our Systems Test Group segment. Diagnostic Solutions has been reflected as discontinued operations in the accompanying financial statements.
Summary of Net Revenues by Reportable Segment
Our three reportable segments accounted for the following percentages of consolidated net revenues for each of the last three years:
Sales and Distribution
In 2012, revenues from Apple Inc. accounted for 10% of our consolidated net revenues. Apple Inc. is a customer of our Wireless Test segment. In 2011 and 2010, no single customer accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated net revenues. In each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, our three largest customers in aggregate accounted for 29%, 19% and 21% of our consolidated net revenues, respectively.
Direct sales to United States government agencies accounted for 2%, 2% and 1% of our consolidated net revenues in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Approximately 15%, 8% and 8% of Systems Test Group’s revenues in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were to United States government agencies and 20%, 17% and 35% of Systems Test Group’s revenues in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were to government contractor customers.
We have sales and service offices located throughout North America, Asia and Europe, as our customers outside the United States are located primarily in these geographic areas. We sell in these areas predominantly through a direct sales force. Our manufacturing activities are primarily conducted through subcontractors and outsourced contract manufacturers with a significant operation concentrated in China.
Sales to customers outside the United States were 86%, 84% and 85% of our consolidated net revenues in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Sales are attributed to geographic areas based on the location of the customer site.
Sales to customers outside of the United States that accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated net revenues in any of the previous three years were as follows:
See also “Item 1A:
Item 1A: Risk Factors
Risks Associated with Our Business
The risks described below are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.
Our business is impacted by worldwide economic cycles, which are difficult to predict.
Capital equipment providers in the electronics and semiconductor industries, such as Teradyne, have, in the past, been negatively impacted by sudden slowdowns in the global economies, and resulting reductions in customer capital investments. The duration and frequency of slowdowns in customer capital investments are difficult to predict.
The global economy and financial markets experienced disruption in 2009 and 2008, including, among other things, extreme volatility in security prices, severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, rating downgrades of certain investments and declining valuations of others. We are unable to predict the likely duration, frequency and severity of disruptions in financial markets, credit availability, and adverse economic conditions throughout the world. These economic developments affect businesses such as ours and those of our customers and vendors in a number of ways that could result in unfavorable consequences to us. Disruption or deterioration in economic conditions may reduce customer purchases of our products, thereby reducing our revenues and earnings. In addition, such adverse changes in economic conditions may, among other things, result in increased price competition for our products, increased risk of excess and obsolete inventories, increased risk
in the collectability of our accounts receivable, increased risk in potential reserves for doubtful accounts and write-offs of accounts receivable, and higher operating costs as a percentage of revenues.
We have taken actions to address the effects of economic variability, including implementing cost control and reduction measures. If our business has another downturn, we may need to take further cost control and reduction measures.
Our business is dependent on the current and anticipated market for electronics, which historically has been highly cyclical.
Our business and results of operations depend in significant part upon capital expenditures of manufacturers of semiconductors and other electronics, which in turn depend upon the current and anticipated market demand for those products. As evidenced by our 2009 and 2008 business and results of operations, the market demand for electronics is impacted by economic slowdowns. Historically, the electronics and semiconductor industry has been highly cyclical with recurring periods of over-supply, which often have had a severe negative effect on demand for test equipment, including systems we manufacture and market. We believe that the markets for newer generations of electronic products such as those that we manufacture and market will also be subject to similar fluctuations. We are dependent on the timing of orders from our customers, and the deferral or cancellation of previous customer orders could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. We cannot ensure that the level of revenues or new orders for a fiscal quarter will be sustained in subsequent quarters. In addition, any factor adversely affecting the electronics industry or particular segments within the electronics industry may adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results.
We are subject to intense competition.
We face significant competition throughout the world in each of our reportable segments. Some of our competitors have substantial financial and other resources to pursue engineering, manufacturing, marketing and distribution of their products. In particular, our largest competitor in the Semiconductor Test segment spends considerably more than us on research and development which may provide it with a competitive advantage. We also face competition from emerging Asian equipment companies and internal development at several of our customers. Some of our competitors have introduced or announced new products with certain performance characteristics which may be considered equal or superior to those we currently offer. We expect our competitors to continue to improve the performance of their current products and to introduce new products or new technologies that provide improved cost of ownership and performance characteristics. New product introductions by competitors could cause a decline in revenues or loss of market acceptance of our products.
The market for our products is concentrated, and our business depends, in part, on obtaining orders from a few significant customers.
The market for our products is concentrated with a limited number of significant customers accounting for a substantial portion of the purchases of test equipment. In each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, our three largest customers in aggregate accounted for 29%, 19% and 21% of consolidated net revenues, respectively. In any one reporting period, a single customer or several customers may contribute even a larger percentage of our consolidated net revenues. In addition, our ability to increase sales will depend, in part, on our ability to obtain orders from current or new significant customers. The opportunities to obtain orders from these customers may be limited, which may impair our ability to grow revenues. We expect that sales of our products will continue to be concentrated with a limited number of significant customers for the foreseeable future. The loss of a significant customer or any reduction in orders by these customers, including reductions due to market or competitive conditions, would likely have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our operating results are likely to fluctuate significantly.
Our operating results are affected by a wide variety of factors that could materially adversely affect revenues or profitability. The following factors are expected to impact future operations:
•
a worldwide economic slowdown or disruption in the global financial markets;
•
competitive pressures on selling prices;
•
our ability to introduce, and the market acceptance of, new products;
•
changes in product revenues mix resulting from changes in customer demand;
•
the level of orders received which can be shipped in a quarter because of the tendency of customers to wait until late in a quarter to commit to purchase due to capital expenditure approvals and constraints occurring at the end of a quarter, or the hope of obtaining more favorable pricing from a competitor seeking the business;
•
engineering and development investments relating to new product introductions, and the expansion of manufacturing, outsourcing and engineering operations in Asia;
•
provisions for excess and obsolete inventory relating to the lack of demand for and the discontinuance of products;
•
impairment charges for certain long-lived and intangible assets and goodwill;
•
parallel or multi-site testing could lead to a decrease in the ultimate size of the market for our products; and
•
the ability of our suppliers and subcontractors to meet product quality or delivery requirements needed to satisfy customer orders for our products, especially if product demand continues to increase.
As a result of the foregoing and other factors, we have experienced and may continue to experience material fluctuations in future operating results on a quarterly or annual basis which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results or stock price.
We are subject to risks of operating internationally.
A significant portion of our total revenues is derived from customers outside the United States. Our international sales and operations are subject to significant risks and difficulties, including:
•
unexpected changes in legal and regulatory requirements affecting international markets;
•
changes in tariffs and exchange rates;
•
social, political and economic instability, acts of terrorism and international conflicts;
•
difficulties in protecting intellectual property;
•
difficulties in accounts receivable collection;
•
cultural differences in the conduct of business;
•
difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; and
•
compliance with customs regulations.
In addition, an increasing portion of our products and the products we purchase from our suppliers are sourced or manufactured in foreign locations, including China, and a large portion of the devices our products test are fabricated and tested by foundries and subcontractors in Taiwan, Singapore, China and other parts of Asia. As a result, we are subject to a number of economic and other risks, particularly during times of political or financial instability in these regions. Disruption of manufacturing or supply sources in these international locations could materially adversely impact our ability to fill customer orders and potentially result in lost business.
If we fail to develop new technologies to adapt to our customers’ needs and if our customers fail to accept our new products, our revenues will be adversely affected.
We believe that our technological position depends primarily on the technical competence and creative ability of our engineers. In a rapidly evolving market, such as ours, the development or acquisition of new technologies, commercialization of those technologies into products and market acceptance and customer demand for those products are critical to our success. Successful product development or acquisition, introduction and acceptance depend upon a number of factors, including:
•
new product selection;
•
ability to meet customer requirements;
•
development of competitive products by competitors;
•
timely and efficient completion of product design;
•
timely and efficient implementation of manufacturing and manufacturing processes;
•
timely remediation of product performance issues, if any, identified during testing;
•
assembly processes and product performance at customer locations;
•
differentiation of our products from our competitors’ products;
•
management of customer expectations concerning product capabilities and product life cycles;
•
ability to attract and retain technical talent; and
•
innovation that does not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties.
If our suppliers do not meet product or delivery requirements, we could have reduced revenues and earnings.
Certain components, including semiconductor chips, may be in short supply from time to time because of high industry demand or the inability of some vendors to consistently meet our quality or delivery requirements. Approximately 30% of material purchases require some custom work where having multiple suppliers would be cost prohibitive. If any of our suppliers were to cancel contracts or commitments or fail to meet the quality or delivery requirements needed to satisfy customer orders for our products, we could lose time-sensitive customer orders, have significantly decreased revenues and earnings and be subject to contractual penalties, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, we rely on contract manufacturers for certain subsystems used in our products, and our ability to meet customer orders for those products depends upon the timeliness and quality of the work performed by these subcontractors, over whom we do not exercise any control.
To a certain extent, we are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers and contractors to help meet increased product or delivery requirements. It may be difficult for certain suppliers to meet delivery requirements in a period of rapid growth, therefore impacting our ability to meet our customers’ demands.
We rely on the financial strength of our suppliers. There can be no assurance that the loss of suppliers either as a result of financial viability, bankruptcy or otherwise will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our operations may be adversely impacted if our outsourced contract manufacturers or service providers fail to perform.
We depend on Flextronics International Ltd. (“Flextronics”) to manufacture and test our FLEX and J750 family of products from its facility in China and on other contract manufacturers to manufacture other products. If for any reason these contract manufacturers cannot provide us with these products in a timely fashion, or at all, we may not be able to sell these products to our customers until we enter a similar arrangement with an alternative contract manufacturer. If we experience a problem with our supply of products from Flextronics or
our other contract manufacturers, it may take us significant time to either manufacture the product or find an alternate contract manufacturer, which could result in substantial expense and disruption to our business.
We have also outsourced a number of our general and administrative functions, including information technology, to reputable service providers, many of which are in foreign countries, sometimes impacting communication with them because of language and time differences. Their presence in foreign countries also increases the risk they could be exposed to political risk. Additionally, there may be difficulties encountered in coordinating the outsourced operations with existing functions and operations. If we fail in successfully coordinating and managing the outsourced service providers, it may cause an adverse effect on our operations which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We may not fully realize the benefits of our acquisitions or strategic alliances.
We may acquire businesses, form strategic alliances or create joint ventures with third parties that we believe will complement or augment our existing businesses. We may not be able to realize the expected synergies and cost savings from the integration with our existing operations of other businesses or technologies that we may acquire. In addition, the integration process for our acquisitions may be complex, costly and time consuming and include unanticipated issues, expenses and liabilities. We may have difficulty in developing, manufacturing and marketing the products of a newly acquired company in a manner that enhances the performance of our combined businesses or product lines and allows us to realize value from expected synergies. Following an acquisition, we may not achieve the revenues or net income levels that justify the acquisition. Acquisitions may also result in one-time charges (such as acquisition-related expenses, write-offs or restructuring charges) or in the future, impairment of goodwill, that adversely affect our operating results. Additionally, we may fund acquisitions of new businesses, strategic alliances or joint ventures by utilizing our cash, raising debt, issuing shares of our common stock, or by other means.
We have increased our indebtedness.
On April 6, 2009, we completed a registered underwritten offering of $190.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes (the “Notes”) due March 15, 2014 and received net proceeds of approximately $163.0 million. We used approximately $123.3 million of the net proceeds of this offering to repay all amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility. Although we are no longer subject to the restrictive covenants under the revolving credit facility, we have incurred approximately $190.0 million principal amount of new indebtedness that the holders of the Notes may require us to repurchase upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving the Company or that the holders may elect to convert into shares of our common stock. In addition, on March 31, 2009, our wholly-owned subsidiary in Japan, Teradyne K.K., incurred approximately $10.0 million in indebtedness that we guaranteed. The level of our indebtedness, among other things, could:
•
make it difficult to make payments on our other obligations;
•
make it difficult to obtain any necessary future financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements or other purposes;
•
require the dedication of a substantial portion of any cash flow from operations to service for indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of cash flow available for other purposes, including capital expenditures; and
•
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we compete.
Our convertible note hedge and warrant transactions could impact the value of our stock.
Concurrent with the offering of the Notes, we entered into a convertible note hedge transaction with Goldman, Sachs & Co. (the “hedge counterparty”) with a strike price equal to the initial conversion price of the
Notes. The convertible note hedges cover, subject to customary antidilution adjustments, approximately 34,703,196 shares of our common stock.
Separately and concurrent with the pricing of the Notes, we entered into a warrant transaction with the hedge counterparty with a strike price of $7.67 per share, which was 75% higher than the closing price of our common stock on March 31, 2009. The warrants will be net share settled and cover, subject to customary antidilution adjustments, approximately 31,963,470 shares of our common stock. On April 1, 2009, the hedge counterparty exercised its option to purchase warrants covering, subject to customary antidilution adjustments, an additional 2,739,726 shares of our common stock. However, we will not be obligated to deliver to the hedge counterparty more than 34,526,500 shares of common stock upon exercise of the warrants (which amount represented less than 19.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock as of March 31, 2009, without giving effect to any shares of common stock issuable pursuant to the warrant transaction), subject to customary antidilution adjustments.
The convertible note hedges are expected to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Notes. However, the warrant transaction could separately have a dilutive effect to the extent that the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrant. The net cost of the convertible note hedge transaction to us, after being partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of the warrants, was approximately $21.7 million.
In connection with establishing its initial hedge of these convertible note hedge and warrant transactions, the hedge counterparty has entered into various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock and/or purchased shares of our common stock or other securities, including the Notes, concurrent with, or shortly after, the pricing of the Notes. In addition, the hedge counterparty may modify its hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock or by selling our common stock or other securities, including the Notes, in secondary market transactions (and may do so during any observation period related to the conversion of the Notes). These activities could adversely impact the value of our common stock and the Notes.
We may incur significant liabilities if we fail to comply with environmental regulations.
We are subject to both domestic and international environmental regulations and statutory strict liability relating to the use, storage, discharge, site cleanup and disposal of hazardous chemicals used in our manufacturing processes. If we fail to comply with present and future regulations, or are required to perform site remediation, we could be subject to future liabilities or cost, including penalties or the suspension of production. Present and future regulations may also:
•
restrict our ability to expand facilities;
•
restrict our ability to ship certain products;
•
require us to modify our operations logistics;
•
require us to acquire costly equipment; or
•
require us to incur other significant costs and expenses.
Pursuant to present regulations and agreements, we are conducting groundwater and subsurface assessment and monitoring and are implementing remediation and corrective action plans for facilities located in Massachusetts and New Hampshire which are no longer conducting manufacturing operations. As of December 31, 2012, we have not incurred material costs as result of the monitoring and remediation steps taken at the Massachusetts and New Hampshire sites.
On January 27, 2003, the European Union adopted the following directives: (i) the directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (the “RoHS Directive”); and (ii) the directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (the “WEEE Directive”). The
WEEE Directive became effective August 13, 2005 and the RoHS Directive became effective on July 6, 2006. Both the RoHS Directive and the WEEE Directive alter the form and manner in which electronic equipment is imported, sold and handled in the European Union. Other jurisdictions, such as China, have followed the European Union’s lead in enacting legislation with respect to hazardous substances and waste removal. Ensuring compliance with the RoHS Directive, the WEEE Directive and similar legislation in other jurisdictions, and integrating compliance activities with our suppliers and customers could result in additional costs and disruption to operations and logistics and thus, could have a negative impact on our business, operations or financial condition.
We currently are and in the future may be subject to litigation that could have an adverse effect on our business.
From time to time, we may be subject to litigation or other administrative and governmental proceedings that could require significant management time and resources and cause us to incur expenses and, in the event of an adverse decision, pay damages in an amount that could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.
Third parties may claim we are infringing their intellectual property and we could suffer significant litigation costs, licensing expenses or be prevented from selling our products.
We have been sued for patent infringement in the past and receive notifications from time to time that we may be in violation of patents held by others. An assertion of patent infringement against us, if successful, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to sell our products or it could force us to seek a license to the intellectual property rights of others or alter such products so that they no longer infringe the intellectual property rights of others. A license could be very expensive to obtain or may not be available at all. Similarly, changing our products or processes to avoid infringing the rights of others may be costly or impractical. Additionally, patent litigation could require a significant use of management resources and involve a lengthy and expensive defense, even if we eventually prevail. If we do not prevail, we might be forced to pay significant damages, obtain licenses, modify our products, or stop making our products; each of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or operating results.
We may incur higher tax rates than we expect and may have exposure to additional international tax liabilities and costs.
We are subject to paying income taxes in the United States and various other countries where we operate. Our effective tax rate is dependent on where our earnings are generated and the tax regulations and the interpretation and judgment of administrative tax or revenue entities in the United States and other countries. We have pursued a global tax strategy which could adversely be affected by our failure to expand operations or earnings in certain countries, the mix of earnings and tax rates in the countries where we operate, changes to tax laws or an adverse tax ruling by administrative entities. We are also subject to tax audits in the countries where we operate. Any material assessment resulting from an audit from an administrative tax or revenue entity could also negatively affect our financial results.
As a multinational corporation, we are subject to income taxes as well as non-income based taxes, in both the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. In certain foreign jurisdictions, we qualify for tax incentives and tax holidays based on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various tests relating to our employment levels, research and development expenditures and other qualification requirements in a particular foreign jurisdiction. While we intend to operate in such a manner to maintain and maximize our tax incentives, no assurance can be given that we have so qualified or that we will so qualify for any particular year or jurisdiction. If we fail to qualify and to remain qualified for certain foreign tax incentives and tax holidays, we may be subject to further taxation or an increase in our effective tax rate which would adversely impact our financial results. In addition, we may incur additional costs, including headcount expenses, in order to obtain or maintain a foreign tax incentive in a particular foreign jurisdiction.
We have significant guarantees, indemnification and customer confidentiality obligations.
From time to time, we make guarantees to customers regarding the delivery and performance of our products and guarantee certain indebtedness, performance obligations or lease commitments of our subsidiary and affiliate companies. We also have agreed to provide indemnification to our officers, directors, employees and agents, to the extent permitted by law, arising from certain events or occurrences while the officer, director, employee or agent, is or was serving at our request in such capacity. Additionally, we have confidentiality obligations to certain customers. If we become liable under any of these obligations, it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. For additional information see Note L: “Commitments and Contingencies-Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations” in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property (“IP”), we may lose a valuable asset or may incur costly litigation to protect our rights.
We protect the technology that is incorporated in our products in several ways, including through patent, copyright, and trade secret protection and by contractual agreement. However, even with these protections, our IP may still be challenged, invalidated or subject to other infringement actions. While we believe that our IP has value in the aggregate, no single element of our IP is in itself essential. If a significant portion of our IP is invalidated or ineffective, our business could be materially adversely affected.
Our business may suffer if we are unable to attract and retain key employees.
Competition for employees with skills we require is intense in the high technology industry. Our success will depend on our ability to attract and retain key technical employees. The loss of one or more key or other employees, a decrease in our ability to attract additional qualified employees, or the delay in hiring key personnel could each have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
New regulations related to conflict minerals may adversely affect us.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act imposes new disclosure requirements regarding the use of “conflict” minerals mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries in our products, whether or not these products are manufactured by third parties. This new requirement could affect the pricing, sourcing and availability of minerals used in the manufacture of components we use in our products. In addition, there will be additional costs associated with complying with the disclosure requirements, such as costs related to determining the source of any conflict minerals used in our products. Our supply chain is complex and we may be unable to verify the origins for all metals used in our products. As a result, we may be unable to certify that our products are conflict free.
Our operations and the operations of our customers and suppliers are subject to risks of natural catastrophic events, widespread health epidemics, acts of war, terrorist attacks and the threat of domestic and international terrorist attacks, any one of which could result in cancellation of orders, delays in deliveries or other business activities, or loss of customers and could negatively affect our business and results of operations.
Our business is international in nature, with our sales, service and administrative personnel and our customers and suppliers located in numerous countries throughout the world. Our operations and those of our customers and suppliers are subject to disruption for a variety of reasons, including work stoppages, acts of war, terrorism, health epidemics, fires, earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, energy shortages, telecommunication failures, tsunamis, flooding or other natural disasters. Such disruption could materially increase our costs and expenses as well as cause delays in, among other things, shipments of products to our customers, our ability to perform services requested by our customers, or the installation and acceptance of our products at customer sites. Any of these conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions or results of operations.
Provisions of our charter and by-laws and Massachusetts law make a takeover of Teradyne more difficult.
There are provisions in our basic corporate documents and under Massachusetts law that could discourage, delay or prevent a change in control, even if a change in control may be regarded as beneficial to some or all of our stockholders.
Item 1B:
Item 1B: Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2:
Item 2: Properties
The following table provides information as to our principal facilities:
+ Major activities have been separated into the following categories: 1. Corporate Administration, 2. Sales Support and Manufacturing, 3. Engineering and Development, 4. Marketing, 5. Sales and Administration, 6. Storage and Distribution.
Item 3:
Item 3: Legal Proceedings
We are subject to legal proceedings, claims and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business such as, but not limited to, patent, employment, commercial and environmental matters. We believe that we have meritorious defenses against all pending claims and intend to vigorously contest them. While it is not possible to predict or determine the outcomes of any pending claims or to provide possible ranges of losses that may arise, we believe the potential losses associated with all of these actions are unlikely to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or results of operations.
Item 4:
Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosure: Not Applicable
PART II
Item 5:
Item 5: Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table shows the market range for our common stock based on reported sales price on the New York Stock Exchange.
The number of record holders of our common stock at February 22, 2013 was 2,423
We have never paid cash dividends because it has been our policy to use earnings to finance expansion and growth. Payment of future cash dividends will rest within the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition.
See “Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Equity Compensation Plans,” for information on our equity compensation plans and our performance graph.
In November 2010, the Board cancelled the November 2007 stock repurchase program and authorized a new stock repurchase program for up to $200 million. The cumulative repurchases as of December 31, 2012 totaled 2.6 million shares of common stock for $31.2 million at an average price of $11.84 per share.
The following table includes information with respect to repurchases we made of our common stock during the quarter ended December 31, 2012 (in thousands except per share price):
We satisfy the U.S. minimum withholding tax obligation due upon the vesting and the conversion of restricted stock units into shares of our common stock, by automatically withholding from the shares being issued, a number of shares with an aggregate fair market value on the date of such vesting and conversion that would satisfy the withholding amount due.
Item 6:
Item 6: Data
Information in items 6, 7 and 8 for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009 and 2008 has been revised, as applicable, for the retrospective application of our change in accounting policy for recognizing pension and postretirement benefit plans expense. See Note C: “Change in Accounting Principle” of the Notes to the Financial Statements for a discussion of the change.
(1) As a result of the divestiture of Diagnostic Test Solutions in 2011, we are reporting this business unit as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
(2) The Consolidated Statement of Operations Data for the year ended December 31, 2011 includes the results of operations of LitePoint from October 5, 2011, and for the year ended December 31, 2008 includes the results of operations of Nextest from January 24, 2008 and the results of operations of Eagle Test from November 15, 2008.
(3) The Consolidated Statement of Operations Data for the year ended December 31, 2011 includes a tax benefit of $129.5 million due primarily to the release of the deferred tax valuation allowance.
(4) The Consolidated Statement of Operations Data for the year ended December 31, 2009 includes $32.6 million of severance charges and $3.7 million of facilities charges related to the early exit of leased facilities.
(5) The Consolidated Statement of Operations Data for the year ended December 31, 2008 includes a $329.7 million goodwill impairment charge.
(6) The Consolidated Statement of Operations Data for the year ended December 31, 2008 includes $27.3 million of restructuring charges, primarily related to severance, $20.9 million of charges related to loss on sale of land and buildings and $12.0 million of facility charges related to accelerated depreciation.
(7) The impact of the adjustments resulting from the retrospective application of the change in accounting policy for recognizing pension and postretirement benefits plans expense is summarized below:
Item 7:
Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K which are not historical facts, so called “forward looking statements,” are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Investors are cautioned that all forward looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including those detailed in Teradyne’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date hereof. We assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in factors or assumptions affecting forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law.
Overview
We are a leading global supplier of automatic test equipment. We design, develop, manufacture and sell automatic test systems and solutions used to test semiconductors, wireless products, hard disk drives and circuit boards in the consumer electronics, wireless, automotive, industrial, computing, communications and aerospace and defense industries. Our automatic test equipment products and services include:
•
semiconductor test (“Semiconductor Test”) systems;
•
wireless test (“Wireless Test”) systems; and
•
military/aerospace (“Mil/Aero”) test instrumentation and systems, storage test (“Storage Test”) systems, circuit-board test and inspection (“Commercial Board Test”) systems, collectively these products represent “Systems Test Group”.
We have a broad customer base which includes integrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”), outsourced semiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”), wafer foundries, fabless companies that design, but contract with others for the manufacture of integrated circuits (“ICs”), developers of wireless devices and consumer electronics, manufacturers of circuit boards, automotive suppliers, wireless product manufacturers, storage device manufacturers, aerospace and military contractors.
In 2011, we acquired LitePoint Corporation (“LitePoint”) to expand our product portfolio of test equipment in the wireless test sector. LitePoint designs, develops, and supports advanced wireless test solutions for the development and manufacturing of wireless devices, including smart phones, tablets, notebooks/laptops, personal computer peripherals, and other Wi-Fi and cellular enabled devices. LitePoint is our Wireless Test segment.
The sales of our products and services are dependent, to a large degree, on customers who are subject to cyclical trends in the demand for their products. These cyclical periods have had, and will continue to have, a significant effect on our business since our customers often delay or accelerate purchases in reaction to changes in their businesses and to demand fluctuations in the semiconductor industry. Historically, these demand fluctuations have resulted in significant variations in our results of operations. This was particularly relevant beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008 where we saw a significant decrease in revenues in our Semiconductor Test business which was impacted by the deteriorating global economy, which negatively impacted the entire semiconductor industry. The sharp swings in the semiconductor industry in recent years have generally affected the semiconductor test equipment and services industry more significantly than the overall capital equipment sector.
We believe our acquisitions of LitePoint, Eagle Test and Nextest, and our entry into the high speed memory and storage test markets have enhanced our opportunities for growth. We will continue to invest in our business to expand further our addressable markets while tightly managing our costs.
On March 21, 2011, we completed the sale of our Diagnostic Solutions business unit, which was included in the Systems Test Group segment, to SPX Corporation for $40.2 million in cash. We sold this business as its growth potential as a stand-alone business was significantly less than if it was part of a larger automotive supplier. The financial information for Diagnostic Solutions has been reclassified to discontinued operations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We have identified the policies discussed below as critical to understanding our business and our results of operations and financial condition. The impact and any associated risks related to these policies on our business operations is discussed throughout Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations where such policies affect our reported and expected financial results.
Preparation of Financial Statements and Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to inventories, investments, goodwill, intangible and other long-lived assets, bad debts, income taxes, deferred tax assets, pensions, warranties, contingencies, and litigation. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on appropriate and customary assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenues when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, title and risk of loss have passed, delivery has occurred or the services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured. Title and risk of loss generally pass to our customers upon shipment or at delivery destination point. In circumstances where either title or risk of loss pass upon destination, acceptance or cash payment, we defer revenue recognition until such events occur.
Our equipment has non-software and software components that function together to deliver the equipment’s essential functionality. Revenue is recognized upon shipment or at delivery destination point, provided that customer acceptance criteria can be demonstrated prior to shipment. Certain contracts require us to perform tests of the product to ensure that performance meets the published product specifications or customer requested specifications, which are generally conducted prior to shipment. Where the criteria cannot be demonstrated prior to shipment, revenue is deferred until customer acceptance has been received. We also defer the portion of the sales price that is not due until acceptance, which represents deferred profit.
For multiple element arrangements, we allocate revenue to all deliverables based on their relative selling prices. In such circumstances, a hierarchy is used to determine the selling price for allocating revenue to deliverables as follows: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price (“VSOE”), (ii) third-party evidence of selling price (“TPE”), and (iii) best estimate of the selling price (“BESP”). For a delivered item to be considered a separate unit, the delivered item must have value to the customer on a standalone basis and the delivery or performance of the undelivered item must be considered probable and substantially in our control.
Our post-shipment obligations include installation, training services, one-year standard warranties, and extended warranties. Installation does not alter the product capabilities, does not require specialized skills or tools and can be performed by the customers or other vendors. Installation is typically provided within five days of product shipment and is completed within one to two days thereafter. Training services are optional and do not affect the customers’ ability to use the product. We defer revenue for the selling price of installation and training. Extended warranties constitute warranty obligations beyond one year and we defer revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605-20, “Separately Priced Extended Warranty and Product Maintenance Contracts” and ASC 605-25, “Revenue Recognition Multiple-Element Arrangements.” Service revenue is recognized over the contractual period or as services are performed.
Our products are generally subject to warranty and the related costs of the warranty are provided for in cost of revenues when product revenue is recognized. We classify shipping and handling costs in cost of revenue.
We generally do not provide our customers with contractual rights of return for any of our products.
Retirement and Postretirement Plans
Effective January 1, 2012, we changed the method of recognizing actuarial gains and losses for our defined benefit pension plans and postretirement benefit plan and calculating the expected return on plan assets for our
defined benefit pension plans. Historically, we recognized net actuarial gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity on our consolidated balance sheets on an annual basis and amortized them into operating results over the average remaining years of service of the plan participants, to the extent such gains and losses were outside of a range (“corridor”). We elected to immediately recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in our operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In addition, we used to calculate the expected return on plan assets using a calculated market-related value of plan assets. Effective January 1, 2012, we elected to calculate the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets.
We believe that this new method is preferable as it eliminates the delay in recognizing gains and losses in our operating results and it will improve the transparency by faster recognition of the effects of economic and interest rate trends on plan obligations and investments. These actuarial gains and losses are generally measured annually as of December 31 and, accordingly, will be recorded during the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, all prior periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been adjusted to apply the new accounting method retrospectively.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. On a quarterly basis, we use consistent methodologies to evaluate all inventories for net realizable value. We record a provision for both excess and obsolete inventory when such write-downs or write-offs are identified through the quarterly review process. The inventory valuation is based upon assumptions about future demand, product mix, and possible alternative uses.
Equity Incentive and Stock Purchase Plans
Stock-based compensation expense is based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. As required by ASC 718, we have made an estimate of expected forfeitures and are recognizing compensation costs only for those stock-based compensation awards expected to vest.
Income Taxes
On a quarterly basis, we evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax assets by jurisdiction and assess the need for a valuation allowance. We consider the probability of future taxable income and our historical profitability, among other factors, in assessing the amount of the valuation allowance. As a result of this review, undertaken at December 31, 2002, we concluded under applicable accounting criteria that it was more likely than not that our deferred tax assets would not be realized and established a valuation allowance in several jurisdictions, most notably the United States. At December 31, 2011, we reassessed this judgment and concluded that it is more likely than not that a substantial majority of our deferred tax assets will be realized through consideration of both the positive and negative evidence. The evidence consisted primarily of our three year U.S. historical cumulative profitability, projected future taxable income, forecasted utilization of the deferred tax assets and the fourth quarter of 2011 acquisition of LitePoint offset by the volatility of the industries we operate in, primarily the semiconductor industry. As such, we reduced the valuation allowance by $190.2 million, which was recorded as a tax benefit in the year ended December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, we maintained a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets of $55.4 million and $51.1 million, respectively, primarily related to excess stock compensation deductions associated with pre-2006 activity, state net operating losses and state tax credit carryforwards, due to uncertainty regarding their realization. Adjustments could be required in the future if we estimate that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount we have recorded.
On January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 was enacted which retrospectively reinstated the research and development tax credit for 2012 and extended it through December 31, 2013. As a result, in the first quarter of 2013, we expect to record a discrete benefit related to 2012 of approximately $7.0 million.
Investments
We account for our investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with the provisions of ASC 320-10, “Investments-Debt and Equity Securities.” On a quarterly basis, we review our investments to identify and evaluate those that have an indication of a potential other-than-temporary impairment. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include:
•
The length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost;
•
The financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and
•
The intent and ability to retain the investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.
Goodwill, Intangible and Long-Lived Assets
We assess the impairment of intangible and long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important in the determination of an impairment include significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner that we use the acquired asset and significant negative industry or economic trends. When we determine that the carrying value of intangibles and long-lived assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we measure any impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate commensurate with the associated risks. We assess goodwill for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, on a reporting unit basis, or more frequently, when events and circumstances occur indicating that the recorded goodwill may be impaired. If the book value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the implied fair value of goodwill is compared with the carrying amount of goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recorded in an amount equal to that excess. No goodwill impairment was identified in 2012 or 2011.
SELECTED RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Results of Operations
Book to Bill Ratio
Book to bill ratio is calculated as net bookings divided by net sales. Book to bill ratio by reportable segment was as follows:
Revenues
Net revenues for our three reportable segments were as follows:
The increase in Semiconductor Test revenues of $21.5 million or approximately 2% from 2011 to 2012 was primarily due to an increase in system-on-a-chip (“SOC”) test products for mobility applications, partially offset by a decrease in memory system sales.
Semiconductor Test revenues decreased $307.1 million or approximately 22% from 2010 to 2011, due to a decrease in SOC product sales. Semiconductor Test product demand can fluctuate significantly from year to year based upon semiconductor device unit growth and installed base utilization. The 2011 decrease was due to lower volume from reduced demand.
The decrease in Systems Test Group revenues of $51.8 million or approximately 18% from 2011 to 2012 was primarily due to a decrease in sales due to lower volume in both Storage Test systems and Commercial Board Test systems, partially offset by an increase in Mil/Aero systems and instruments.
The increase in Systems Test Group revenues of $141.6 million or approximately 93% from 2010 to 2011 was primarily due to an increase in sales of Storage Test systems, which was driven by new customers and new product applications.
The acquisition of LitePoint, which was completed in October of 2011, added $286.4 million and $28.4 million of revenues in 2012 and 2011, respectively. LitePoint is our Wireless Test segment.
Our three reportable segments accounted for the following percentages of consolidated net revenues for each of the last three years:
Net revenues by region as a percentage of total revenues were as follows:
The breakout of product and service revenues for the past three years was as follows:
Our product revenues increased $223.4 million or 19% in 2012 from 2011 primarily due to $282.4 million of product revenues from the addition of LitePoint, an increase in SOC Semiconductor Test products for mobility applications and an increase in Mil/Aero systems and instruments. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in sales in our memory test and Storage Test systems. Service revenues, which are derived from the servicing of our installed base of products and includes maintenance contracts, repairs, extended warranties, parts sales, and applications support, increased $4.3 million or 2% due to higher volume.
Our product revenues decreased $170.8 million or 13% in 2011 from 2010 primarily due to lower sales of SOC Semiconductor Test products. Semiconductor Test product sales demand can fluctuate significantly from year to year based upon semiconductor device unit growth and installed base utilization. The 2011 decrease was due to lower volume from reduced demand. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in sales of Storage Test systems, which was driven by new customers and new product applications. The LitePoint acquisition which was completed in October of 2011 added $27.8 million of product revenue in 2011. Service revenues, which are derived from the servicing of our installed base of products and includes maintenance contracts, repairs, extended warranties, parts sales, and applications support, increased $33.7 million or 14% due to higher volume.
In 2012, revenues from one customer accounted for 10% of our consolidated net revenues. In 2011 and 2010, no single customer accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated net revenues. In each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, our three largest customers in aggregate accounted for 29%, 19% and 21% of our consolidated net revenues, respectively.
Gross Profit
Gross profit as a percentage of revenues increased from 2011 to 2012 by 3.7 percentage points. This increase was a result of an increase of 4.6 points primarily due to the addition of LitePoint, partially offset by a decrease of 1.2 points due to higher inventory provisions.
Gross profit as a percentage of revenues decreased from 2010 to 2011 by 5.0 percentage points. This decrease was the result of a decrease of 2.9 points related to product mix primarily from higher Storage Test system sales, a decrease of 0.9 points for a charge to adjust LitePoint acquired inventory to fair value, a decrease of 0.5 points due to lower volume, and a decrease of 0.3 points due to higher inventory provisions.
The breakout of product and service gross profit was as follows:
We assess the carrying value of our inventory on a quarterly basis by estimating future demand and comparing that demand against on-hand and on-order inventory positions. Forecasted revenue information is obtained from the sales and marketing groups and incorporates factors such as backlog and future revenue demand. This quarterly process identifies obsolete and excess inventory. Obsolete inventory, which represents items for which there is no demand, is fully reserved. Excess inventory, which represents inventory items that are not expected to be consumed during the next four quarters, is written-down to estimated net realizable value.
During the year ended December 31, 2012, we recorded an inventory provision of $26.8 million included in cost of revenues, due to the following factors:
- A decline in demand compared to previously forecasted demand levels for prior generation Nextest Magnum testers resulted in an inventory provision of $12.0 million in Semiconductor Test.
- A $5.3 million inventory write-down as a result of product transition related to the Flex Test Platform in Semiconductor Test.
- A $3.9 million inventory write-down as a result of product transition in Wireless Test.
- The remainder of the charge of $5.6 million primarily reflects downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels, of which $4.3 million was in Systems Test Group, $0.2 million in Wireless Test and $1.1 million in Semiconductor Test.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, we recorded an inventory provision of $11.6 million included in cost of revenues, due to the downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels. Of the $11.6 million of total excess and obsolete provisions recorded in 2011, $10.4 million was related to Semiconductor Test primarily due to product transition, $1.1 million was in Systems Test Group, and $0.1 million was in Wireless Test.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we recorded an inventory provision of $6.0 million included in cost of revenues, due to the downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels. Of the $6.0 million of total excess and obsolete provisions recorded in 2010, $4.5 million was related to Semiconductor Test and $1.5 million was in Systems Test Group.
During the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, we scrapped $9.6 million, $9.2 million and $4.7 million of inventory, respectively, and sold $4.3 million, $8.1 million and $8.3 million of previously written-down or written-off inventory, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, we had inventory related reserves for amounts which had been written-down or written-off totaling $141.8 million. We have no pre-determined timeline to scrap the remaining inventory.
Engineering and Development
Engineering and development expenses were as follows:
The increase of $53.6 million in engineering and development expenses from 2011 to 2012 was due primarily to additional costs of $37.1 million related to LitePoint and increased spending in Semiconductor Test.
The increase of $5.9 million in engineering and development expenses from 2010 to 2011 was due primarily to additional costs of $6.0 million related to LitePoint.
Selling and Administrative
Selling and administrative expenses were as follows:
The increase of $46.2 million in selling and administrative expenses from 2011 to 2012 was due primarily to additional costs of $49.7 million related to LitePoint.
The increase of $10.0 million in selling and administrative expenses from 2010 to 2011 was due primarily to additional costs of $9.7 million related to LitePoint.
Acquired Intangible Assets Amortization
Acquired intangible assets amortization expense was as follows:
Acquired intangible assets amortization expense increased from 2011 to 2012 and from 2010 to 2011, due to the LitePoint acquisition.
Restructuring and Other
Other
During the year ended December 31, 2012, due to a decrease in specified new product revenue through the December 31, 2012 earn-out period end date, we recorded an $8.8 million fair value adjustment to decrease the LitePoint acquisition contingent consideration. The $68.5 million decrease in the contingent consideration liability from December 31, 2011 is due to $59.7 million in payments and the $8.8 million fair value decrease.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, we recorded $5.8 million of other charges of which $4.6 million related to LitePoint acquisition costs and $1.2 million related to non-U.S. pension settlements.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we had $3.0 million of gains related to non-U.S. pension settlements.
Restructuring
In response to a downturn in the industry in 2008 and 2009, we initiated restructuring activities across our Semiconductor Test and Systems Test Group segments to reduce costs, principally through headcount reductions and facility consolidations. The remaining accrual for severance and benefits of $0.2 million is reflected in the
accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings on the balance sheet and is expected to be paid by June 2013. The remaining accrual for lease payments on vacated facilities of $1.1 million is reflected in the other accrued liabilities and is expected to be paid over the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2012, we have subleased approximately 37% of our unoccupied space.
During the year ended December 31, 2012, we recorded the following restructuring activities:
Severance and Benefits:
- $0.5 million of charges related to headcount reductions of 7 people in Systems Test Group.
- $0.3 million of charges related to headcount reductions of 10 people in Semiconductor Test.
- $0.2 million of charges related to headcount reductions of 2 people in Wireless Test.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, we recorded the following restructuring activities:
Severance and Benefits:
- $1.2 million of charges related to headcount reductions of 7 people in Semiconductor Test.
Facilities and Exit Charges:
- $(0.5) million credit related to changes in the estimated exit costs related to the Westford, MA and Poway, CA facilities in Systems Test Group, and the North Reading, Massachusetts facility in Semiconductor Test and Systems Test Group.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we recorded the following restructuring activities:
Severance and Benefits:
- $1.2 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 17 people in Systems Test Group.
- $0.9 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 4 people in Semiconductor Test.
Facilities and Exit Charges:
- $(2.7) million credit related to the early exit of previously impaired leased facilities in Westford, Massachusetts, in Systems Test Group.
Interest and Other
Interest income decreased by $2.5 million, from $6.6 million in 2011 to $4.1 million in 2012, due to a decrease in marketable securities used to fund the LitePoint acquisition in 2011.
Interest income increased by $0.7 million, from $5.9 million in 2010 to $6.6 million in 2011, due primarily to higher cash and marketable securities balances in 2011.
Interest expense and other increased by $1.8 million, from $23.7 million in 2011 to $25.5 million in 2012, due primarily to higher interest expense from increased convertible debt discount amortization.
Interest expense and other decreased by $0.8 million, from $24.5 million in 2010 to $23.7 million in 2011, due primarily to a loss on the exercise of the auction rate securities related UBS Put recorded in 2010, partially offset by higher convertible debt discount amortization in 2011.
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes
The increase in income from continuing operations before income taxes from 2011 to 2012 was primarily due to higher revenue in 2012 compared to 2011, a $14.5 million decrease in restructuring and other costs, partially offset by a $33.0 million increase in intangible assets amortization.
The decrease in income from continuing operations before income taxes from 2010 to 2011 was primarily due to lower revenue in 2011 compared to 2010, an $11.2 million increase in intangible assets amortization, a $12.2 million charge to adjust LitePoint acquired inventory to fair value and a $10.5 million increase in restructuring and other costs.
Income Taxes
The income tax expense from continuing operations for 2012 totaled $48.9 million, primarily attributable to a U.S. federal tax provision and foreign taxes. The income tax benefit from continuing operations for 2011 totaled $129.5 million, primarily attributable to the reduction of our deferred income tax valuation allowance. We considered the weight of both the positive and negative evidence as of December 31, 2011 and concluded that a substantial majority of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The income tax expense from continuing operations of $16.7 million for 2010 was related primarily to tax provisions for foreign taxes.
Contractual Obligations
The following table reflects our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012:
(1) Long-Term Debt Obligations include current maturities.
(2) Included in Other Long-Term Liabilities are liabilities for customer advances, extended warranty, uncertain tax positions and other obligations. For certain long-term obligations, we are unable to provide a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of future payments relating to these obligations and therefore we included these amounts in the column marked “Other”.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balance increased $251.7 million from 2011 to 2012, to $1.0 billion. Cash activity for 2012, 2011 and 2010 was as follows:
In 2012, changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses sold and acquired, used cash of $40.4 million. This was due to an $8.0 million increase in operating assets and a $32.4 million decrease in operating liabilities.
The increase in operating assets was due to a $24.1 million increase in accounts receivable and a $1.5 million increase in prepayments due primarily to supplier prepayments, partially offset by a $17.6 million decrease in inventories.
The decrease in operating liabilities was due to a $15.7 million decrease in accrued employee compensation due primarily to employee stock awards payroll taxes and variable compensation payments, a $14.6 million decrease in customer advance payments and deferred revenue, a $11.5 million decrease in accounts payable due to lower fourth quarter sales volume, a $5.6 million decrease in other accrued liabilities, and $4.8 million of retirement plans contributions, partially offset by a $19.8 million increase in accrued income taxes.
Investing activities during 2012 used cash of $603.9 million, due to $751.1 million used for purchases of marketable securities and $119.1 million used for purchases of property, plant and equipment, partially offset by proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities that provided cash of $95.2 million and $171.1 million, respectively.
Financing activities during 2012 used cash of $35.4 million, $18.5 million was from the issuance of common stock under stock option and stock purchase plans, and $8.4 million from the tax benefit related to stock
options and restricted stock units, partially offset by $59.7 million of cash used for payments related to LitePoint acquisition contingent consideration and $2.5 million of cash used for payments on long-term debt related to the Japan loan.
In 2011, changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses sold and acquired, used cash of $94.0 million. This was due to a $43.2 million decrease in operating assets and a $137.2 million decrease in operating liabilities.
The decrease in operating assets was due to a $66.4 million decrease in accounts receivable resulting from increased collections, partially offset by a $22.6 million increase in prepayments due primarily to supplier prepayments and a $0.6 million increase in inventories. The decrease in operating liabilities was due to a $62.6 million decrease in customer advance payments due to shipments of systems prepaid by customers, a $28.3 million decrease in accrued employee compensation due primarily to employee stock awards payroll taxes and variable compensation payments, a $19.9 million decrease in accounts payable due to decreased sales volume, $11.9 million of retirement plans contributions, an $8.7 million decrease in accrued income taxes, and a $5.8 million decrease in deferred revenue.
Investing activities during 2011 used cash of $120.5 million. In October 2011, we completed the acquisition of LitePoint for an initial cash purchase price, net of cash acquired, of $537.5 million. Capital expenditures were $86.1 million. Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities that provided cash of $676.4 million and $518.5 million, respectively, partially offset by $691.8 million used for purchase of marketable securities. The net proceeds were used to acquire LitePoint.
Financing activities during 2011 used cash of $16.3 million, due to the repurchase of 2.6 million shares of common stock for $31.2 million at an average price of $11.84 per share and $2.5 million for payments on long-term debt related to the Japan loan, partially offset by $17.4 million from the issuance of common stock under stock option and stock purchase plans.
In 2010, changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses sold and acquired, provided cash of $52.7 million. This was due to a $38.2 million increase in operating assets and a $90.9 million increase in operating liabilities.
The increase in operating assets was due to an increase in accounts receivable of $50.4 million due to higher sales volume, partially offset by a $3.7 million decrease in inventories, and a decrease in other current assets of $8.5 million. The increase in operating liabilities was due to a $57.7 million increase in customer advance payments due primarily to an advanced payment received from one of our Semiconductor Test customers, a $44.5 million increase in accrued employee compensation due to higher variable compensation and employee stock awards payroll taxes, a $15.0 million increase in accounts payable, a $15.0 million increase in deferred revenue, an $8.5 million increase in accrued income taxes, and a $2.7 million increase in other accrued liabilities, partially offset by $52.5 million of retirement plans contributions.
Investing activities during 2010 used cash of $627.7 million, due to $870.8 million used for purchases of marketable securities and $76.0 million used for purchases of property, plant and equipment, partially offset by proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities that provided cash of $181.2 million and $136.8 million, respectively, and proceeds from life insurance that provided cash of $1.1 million.
Financing activities during 2010 provided cash of $42.4 million due to $44.7 million from the issuance of common stock under stock option and stock purchase plans which was partially offset by $2.3 million of cash used for payments on long-term debt related to the Japan loan.
On April 6, 2009, we completed a registered public offering of $190.0 million aggregate principal amount convertible senior notes (“Notes”) and settled the related convertible bond hedge and warrant transaction and received approximately $163.0 million as a result of these financing transactions. The Notes bear interest at a rate
of 4.50% per annum, payable semi- annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year. The first interest payment was on September 15, 2009. The Notes will mature on March 15, 2014, unless earlier repurchased by us or converted. The Notes may be converted, under certain circumstances and during certain periods, at an initial conversion rate of approximately 182.65 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.48. The convertible note hedge and warrant transaction will generally have the effect of increasing the conversion price of the Notes to approximately $7.67 per share of our common stock, representing a 75% conversion premium based upon the closing price of our common stock on March 31, 2009. We may not redeem the Notes prior to their maturity. Holders of the Notes may require us to purchase in cash all or a portion of their Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving the Company.
We believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balance will be sufficient to meet working capital and expenditure needs for at least the next twelve months. The amount of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in the U.S. and our operations in the U.S. provide sufficient liquidity to fund our business activities in the U.S. We have approximately $300 million of cash outside the U.S. that if repatriated would incur additional taxes. Inflation has not had a significant long-term impact on earnings.
Retirement Plans
ASC 715-20, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans” requires an employer with defined benefit plans or other postretirement benefit plans to recognize an asset or a liability on its balance sheet for the overfunded or underfunded status of the plans as defined by ASC 715-20. The pension asset or liability represents the difference between the fair value of the pension plan’s assets and the projected benefit obligation as of December 31. For other postretirement benefit plans, the liability is the difference between the fair value of the plan’s assets and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of December 31.
Our pension expense, which includes the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan (“U.S. Plan”), certain qualified plans for non-U.S. subsidiaries, and a U.S. Supplemental Executive Defined Benefit Plan, was approximately $26.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The largest portion of our 2012 pension expense was $9.0 million for our U.S. Plan. Pension expense is calculated based upon a number of actuarial assumptions, a significant input to the actuarial models that measure pension benefit obligations. Discount rate and expected return on assets are two assumptions which are important elements of pension plan expense and asset/liability measurement. We evaluate these critical assumptions at least annually on a plan and country specific basis. We evaluate other assumptions related to demographic factors, such as retirement age, mortality and turnover periodically, and update them to reflect our experience and expectations for the future.
In developing the expected return on U.S. Plan assets assumption, we evaluated input from our investment managers and pension consultants, including their review of asset class return expectations. Based on this review, we believe that 5.0% was an appropriate rate to use for 2012. We will continue to evaluate the expected return on plan assets at least annually, and will adjust the rate as necessary. The December 31, 2012 asset allocation for our U.S. Plan is 86% invested in fixed income securities, 13% invested in equity securities, and 1% invested in other securities. Our investment managers regularly review the actual asset allocation and periodically rebalance the portfolio to ensure alignment with our targeted allocations.
Effective January 1, 2012, we have elected to immediately recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of plans assets in our operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In addition, we used to calculate the expected return on plan assets using a calculated market-related value of plan assets. Effective January 1, 2012, we elected to calculate the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets.
The discount rate that we utilized for determining future pension obligations for the U.S. Plan is based on the Citigroup Pension Index adjusted for the U.S. Plan’s expected cash flows and was 3.6% at December 31,
2012, down from 4.2% at December 31, 2011. We estimate that in 2013 we will recognize approximately $2.1 million of pension income for the U.S. Plan. The U.S. Plan related pension income estimate for 2013 is based on a 3.6% discount rate and 5.0% return on assets. Future pension expense or income will depend on future investment performance, changes in future discount rates and various other factors related to the employee population participating in our pension plans.
As of December 31, 2012, we had an unrecognized pension prior service cost of $0.7 million.
We performed a sensitivity analysis, which expresses the potential U.S. Plan (income) expense for the year ending December 31, 2013, which would result from changes to either the discount rate or the expected return on plan assets. The below estimates exclude the impact of any potential actuarial gains or losses. It is difficult to reliably forecast or predict whether there will be any actuarial gains or losses in 2013 as they are primarily driven by events and circumstances beyond our control, such as changes in interest rates and the performance of the financial markets.
The assets of the U.S. Plan consist primarily of fixed income and equity securities. U.S. Plan assets have decreased from $319.1 million at December 31, 2011 to $278.9 million at December 31, 2012. The decrease was due primarily to $52.0 million of payments made to certain former U.S. employees which were offered an option to receive their vested pension benefit as a one-time, lump sum payment. Approximately 2,000 former employees elected to receive a one-time, lump sum payment.
Our funding policy is to make contributions to our pension plans in accordance with local laws and to the extent that such contributions are tax deductible. During 2012, we made contributions of $1.7 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and $1.6 million to certain qualified plans for non-U.S. subsidiaries. We expect to contribute approximately $1.8 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan in 2013. Contributions that will be made in 2013 to certain qualified plans for non-U.S. subsidiaries are based on local statutory requirements and will be approximately $2.0 million. We do not expect to make any contributions to the U.S. Plan in 2013.
Equity Compensation Plans
In addition to our 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan discussed in Note P: “Stock Based Compensation” in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we have a 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan (the “2006 Equity Plan”) under which equity securities are authorized for issuance. The 2006 Equity Plan was initially approved by stockholders on May 25, 2006.
At our annual meeting of stockholders held May 28, 2009, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2006 Equity Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder by 10.0 million, for an aggregate of 22.0 million shares issuable thereunder, and our stockholders also approved an amendment to our 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder by 5.0 million, for an aggregate of 25.4 million shares issuable thereunder.
The following table presents information about these plans as of December 31, 2012 (share numbers in thousands):
(1) Includes 4,970,308 shares of restricted stock units that are not included in the calculation of the weighted average exercise price.
(2) Consists of 6,413,195 securities available for issuance under the 2006 Equity Plan and 2,832,538 of securities available for issuance under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
(3) In connection with the acquisition of Nextest (the “Nextest Acquisition”), we assumed the options and restricted stock units granted under the Nextest Systems Corporation 1998 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, and the Nextest Systems Corporation 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Nextest Plans”). Upon the consummation of the Nextest Acquisition, these options and restricted stock units were converted automatically into, respectively, options to purchase and restricted stock units representing, an aggregate of 4,417,594 shares of our common stock. No additional awards will be granted under the Nextest Plans. As of December 31, 2012, there were outstanding options exercisable for an aggregate of 768,382 shares of our common stock pursuant to the Nextest Plans, with a weighted average exercise price of $3.57 per share.
(4) In connection with the acquisition of Eagle Test (the “Eagle Acquisition”), we assumed the options granted under the Eagle Test Systems, Inc. 2003 Stock Option and Grant Plan and the Eagle Test Systems, Inc. 2006 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Eagle Plans”). Upon the consummation of the Eagle Acquisition, these options were converted automatically into options to purchase an aggregate of 3,594,916 shares of our common stock. No additional awards will be granted under the Eagle Plans. As of December 31, 2012, there were outstanding options exercisable for an aggregate of 236,839 shares of our common stock pursuant to the Eagle Plans, with a weighted average exercise price of $3.85 per share.
(5) In connection with the acquisition of LitePoint Corporation (the “LitePoint Acquisition”), we assumed the options granted under the LitePoint Corporation 2002 Stock Plan (the “LitePoint Plan”). Upon the consummation of the LitePoint Acquisition, these options were converted automatically into options to purchase an aggregate of 2,828,344 shares of our common stock. No additional awards will be granted under the LitePoint Plan. As of December 31, 2012, there were outstanding options exercisable for an aggregate of 1,927,222 shares of our common stock pursuant to the LitePoint Plan, with a weighted average exercise price of $2.75 per share.
The purpose of the 2006 Equity Plan is to motivate employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors by providing equity ownership and compensation opportunities in Teradyne. The aggregate number of shares available under the 2006 Equity Plan as of December 31, 2012 was 6,413,195 shares of our common stock. The 2006 Equity Plan authorizes the grant of stock-based awards in the form of (1) non-qualified and incentive stock options, (2) stock appreciation rights, (3) restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards, (4) phantom stock, and (5) other stock-based awards. Awards may be tied to time-based vesting schedules and/or performance-based vesting measured by reference to performance criteria chosen by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which administers the 2006 Equity Plan. Awards may be made to any employee, officer, consultant and advisor of Teradyne and our subsidiaries, as well as, to our directors. The maximum number of shares of stock-based awards that may be granted to one participant during any one fiscal year is 2,000,000 shares of common stock. The 2006 Equity Plan will expire on May 24, 2016.
As of December 31, 2012, total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested awards and options was $52.1 million, and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the change in our cumulative total shareholder return in our common stock with (i) the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and (ii) the Morningstar Semiconductor Equipment & Materials Index. The comparison assumes $100.00 was invested on December 31, 2007 in our common stock and in each of the foregoing indices and assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any.
(1) This graph is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed filed with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference in any other filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.
(2) The stock price performance shown on the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance. Information used on the graph was obtained from Zacks Investment Research, Inc., a source believed to be reliable, but we are not responsible for any errors or omissions in such information.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, “Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities.” This ASU is intended to enhance the understanding of the effects of netting arrangements on an entity’s financial statements, including financial instruments and derivative instruments that are either offset or subject to a master netting arrangement. The scope of this ASU includes derivatives, sale and repurchase agreements, reverse sale and repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and lending arrangements. In
January 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01 “Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities.” This standard provided additional guidance on the scope of ASU 2011-11. The provisions of this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” Under this ASU, an entity is required to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”) by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the financial statements or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of AOCI by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required to be reclassified in its entirety in the same reporting period. For amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures that provide additional details about those amounts. The provisions of this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.
Item 7A:
Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, marketable securities, forward currency contracts and accounts receivable. Our cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds invested in U.S. Treasuries and government agencies. Our fixed income available-for-sale marketable securities have a minimum rating of AA by one or more of the major credit rating agencies. We place forward currency contracts with high credit-quality financial institutions in order to minimize credit risk exposure. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of geographically dispersed customers. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and from time to time may require customers to provide a letter of credit from a bank to secure accounts receivable.
Exchange Rate Risk Management
We regularly enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the value of our net monetary assets in Euro, British Pound, Japanese Yen and the Taiwan Dollar. These foreign currency forward contracts have maturities of approximately one month. These contracts are used to reduce our risk associated with exchange rate movements, as gains and losses on these contracts are intended to offset exchange losses and gains on underlying exposures. We do not engage in currency speculation.
We performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% fluctuation in foreign exchange rates to the hedging contracts and the underlying exposures described above. As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the analysis indicated that these hypothetical market movements would not have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Interest Rate Risk Management
We are exposed to potential losses due to changes in interest rates. Our interest rate exposure is primarily in the United States in short-term and long-term marketable securities.
In order to estimate the potential loss due to interest rate risk, a fluctuation in interest rates of 25 basis points was assumed. Market risk for the short and long-term marketable securities was estimated as the potential change in the fair value resulting from a hypothetical change in interest rates for securities contained in the investment portfolio. The potential change in fair value from changes in interest rates is immaterial as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Item 8:
Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Teradyne, Inc.:
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(1) present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Teradyne, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
As discussed in Note C to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans in 2012.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
March 1, 2013
TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2012 and 2011
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
TERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
TERADYNE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A. THE COMPANY
Teradyne, Inc. is a leading global supplier of automatic test equipment. Teradyne’s automatic test equipment products and services include:
•
semiconductor test (“Semiconductor Test”) systems;
•
wireless test (“Wireless Test”) systems; and
•
military/aerospace (“Mil/Aero”) test instrumentation and systems, storage test (“Storage Test”) systems, and circuit-board test and inspection (“Commercial Board Test”) systems (collectively these products represent “Systems Test Group”).
B. ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Teradyne and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated. Certain prior years’ amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Preparation of Financial Statements and Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to inventories, investments, goodwill, intangible and other long-lived assets, doubtful accounts, income taxes, deferred tax assets, pensions, warranties, and loss contingencies. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on appropriate and customary assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Teradyne recognizes revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, title and risk of loss have passed, delivery has occurred or the services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured. Title and risk of loss generally pass to its customers upon shipment or at delivery destination point. In circumstances where either title or risk of loss pass upon destination, acceptance or cash payment, Teradyne defers revenue recognition until such events occur.
Teradyne’s equipment has non-software and software components that function together to deliver the equipment’s essential functionality. Revenue is recognized upon shipment or at delivery destination point, provided that customer acceptance criteria can be demonstrated prior to shipment. Certain contracts require Teradyne to perform tests of the product to ensure that performance meets the published product specifications or customer requested specifications, which are generally conducted prior to shipment. Where the criteria cannot be demonstrated prior to shipment, revenue is deferred until customer acceptance has been received. Teradyne also defers the portion of the sales price that is not due until acceptance, which represents deferred profit.
For multiple element arrangements, Teradyne allocates revenue to all deliverables based on their relative selling prices. In such circumstances, a hierarchy is used to determine the selling price for allocating revenue to deliverables as follows: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price (“VSOE”), (ii) third-party
evidence of selling price (“TPE”), and (iii) best estimate of the selling price (“BESP”). For a delivered item to be considered a separate unit the delivered item must have value to the customer on a standalone basis and the delivery or performance of the undelivered item must be considered probable and substantially in Teradyne’s control.
Teradyne’s post-shipment obligations include installation, training services, one-year standard warranties, and extended warranties. Installation does not alter the product capabilities, does not require specialized skills or tools and can be performed by the customers or other vendors. Installation is typically provided within five days of product shipment and is completed within one to two days thereafter. Training services are optional and do not affect the customers’ ability to use the product. Teradyne defers revenue for the selling price of installation and training. Extended warranties constitute warranty obligations beyond one year and Teradyne defers revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605-20, “Separately Priced Extended Warranty and Product Maintenance Contracts” and ASC 605-25, “Revenue Recognition Multiple-Element Arrangements.” Service revenue is recognized over the contractual period or as services are performed.
Teradyne’s products are generally subject to warranty and related costs of the warranty are provided for in cost of revenue when product revenue is recognized. Teradyne classifies shipping and handling costs in cost of revenue. Teradyne generally does not provide its customers with contractual rights of return for any of its products.
For transactions involving the sale of software, revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC 985-605, “Software Revenue Recognition.” Teradyne recognizes revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. In instances where an arrangement contains multiple elements, revenue related to the undelivered elements is deferred to the extent that vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (“VSOE”) exists for such elements. In instances where VSOE does not exist for one or more of the undelivered elements of an arrangement, all revenue related to the arrangement is deferred until all elements have been delivered. VSOE is the price charged when the element is sold separately. Revenue for the separate elements is only recognized where the functionality of the undelivered element is not essential to the delivered element.
For certain contracts eligible for contract accounting under ASC 605-35, “Revenue Recognition Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts,” revenue is recognized using the percentage-of-completion accounting method based upon the percentage of incurred costs to estimated total costs. These arrangements require significant production, modification or customization. In all cases, changes to total estimated costs and anticipated losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined. With respect to contract change orders, claims or similar items, judgment must be used in estimating related amounts and assessing the potential for realization. Such amounts are only included in the contract value when they can be reliably estimated and realization is reasonably assured, generally upon receipt of a customer approved change order.
As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, deferred revenue and customer advances consisted of the following and are included in the short and long-term deferred revenue and customer advances:
Retirement and Postretirement Plans
Effective January 1, 2012, Teradyne changed the method of recognizing actuarial gains and losses for its defined benefit pension plans and postretirement benefit plan and calculating the expected return on plan assets for its defined benefit pension plans. Historically, Teradyne recognized net actuarial gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity on its consolidated balance sheets on an annual basis and amortized them into operating results over the average remaining years of service of the plan participants, to the extent such gains and losses were outside of a range (“corridor”). Teradyne elected to immediately recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in its operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In addition, Teradyne used to calculate the expected return on plan assets using a calculated market-related value of plan assets. Effective January 1, 2012, Teradyne elected to calculate the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets.
Teradyne believes that this new method is preferable as it eliminates the delay in recognizing gains and losses in its operating results and it will improve the transparency by faster recognition of the effects of economic and interest rate trends on plan obligations and investments. These actuarial gains and losses are generally measured annually as of December 31 and, accordingly, will be recorded during the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, all prior periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been adjusted to apply the new accounting method retrospectively.
Product Warranty
Teradyne generally provides a one-year warranty on its products, commencing upon installation or shipment. A provision is recorded upon revenue recognition to cost of revenues for estimated warranty expense based on historical experience. Related costs are charged to the warranty accrual as incurred. The balance below is included in other accrued liabilities.
When Teradyne receives revenue for extended warranties, beyond one year, it is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period. Related costs are expensed as incurred. The balance below is included in short and long-term deferred revenue and customer advances.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The volatility of the industries that Teradyne serves can cause certain of its customers to experience shortages of cash flows, which can impact their ability to make required payments. Teradyne maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Estimated allowances for doubtful accounts are reviewed periodically taking into account the customer’s recent payment history, the customer’s current financial statements and other information regarding the customer’s credit worthiness. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when it is determined the receivable will not be recovered.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. On a quarterly basis, Teradyne uses consistent methodologies to evaluate all inventories for net realizable value. Teradyne records a provision for both excess and obsolete inventory when such write-downs or write-offs are identified through the quarterly review process. The inventory valuation is based upon assumptions about future demand, product mix and possible alternative uses.
Investments
Teradyne accounts for its investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with the provisions of ASC 320-10, “Investments-Debt and Equity Securities.” ASC 320-10 requires that certain debt and equity securities be classified into one of three categories; trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities. On a quarterly basis, Teradyne reviews its investments to identify and evaluate those that have an indication of a potential other-than-temporary impairment. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include:
•
The length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost;
•
The financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and
•
The intent and ability to retain the investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.
As defined in ASC 820-10 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Teradyne uses the market and income approach techniques to value its financial instruments and there were no changes in valuation techniques during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. ASC 820-10 requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets as of the reporting date.
Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1, that are observable either directly or indirectly as of the reporting date. For example, a common approach for valuing fixed income securities is the use of matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used to value securities by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, and therefore is considered a Level 2 input.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not supported by market data. Unobservable inputs are developed based on the best information available, which might include Teradyne’s own data.
In accordance with ASC 820-10, Teradyne measures its debt and equity investments at fair value. Teradyne’s debt and equity investments are primarily classified within Level 1 and 2, with the exception of LitePoint acquisition-related contingent consideration, which was classified within Level 3. Teradyne determines the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration based on assessment of the probability that it would be required to make such payment.
Goodwill, Intangible and Long-Lived Assets
Teradyne accounts for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350-10, “Intangibles- Goodwill and Other.” Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful economic life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Goodwill is assessed for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, on a reporting unit basis, or more frequently when events and circumstances occur indicating that the recorded goodwill may be impaired. In September 2011, the FASB issued new guidance which provides an entity with the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity determines this is the case, it is required to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized. If an entity determines that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amounts, the two-step goodwill impairment test is not required. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011 with early adoption permitted. Teradyne adopted this guidance as of the fourth quarter of 2011.
In accordance with ASC 360-10, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” Teradyne reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Each impairment test is based on a comparison of the estimated undiscounted cash flows to the recorded value of the asset. If impairment is indicated, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow analysis. The cash flow estimates used to determine the impairment, if any, contain management’s best estimates using appropriate assumptions and projections at that time.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements and major renewals are capitalized and included in property, plant and equipment accounts while expenditures for maintenance and repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense. When assets are retired, the assets and related allowances for depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations.
Teradyne provides for depreciation of its assets principally on the straight-line method with the cost of the assets being charged to expense over their useful lives as follows:
Test systems manufactured internally are used by Teradyne for customer evaluations and manufacturing and support of its customers. Teradyne depreciates the test systems manufactured internally over a six-year life to cost of revenues, engineering and development, and selling and administrative expenses. Teradyne often sells internally manufactured test equipment to customers. Upon the sale of an internally manufactured test system, the net book value of the system is transferred to inventory and expensed as cost of revenues. The net book value of internally manufactured test systems sold in the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $6.0 million, $7.8 million and $12.2 million, respectively.
Engineering and Development Costs
Teradyne’s products are highly technical in nature and require a large and continuing engineering and development effort. Software development costs incurred prior to the establishment of technological feasibility are charged to expense. Software development costs incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility are capitalized until the product is available for release to customers. To date, the period between achieving technological feasibility and general availability of the product has been short and software development costs eligible for capitalization have not been material. Engineering and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of salaries, contractor fees, building costs, depreciation, and tooling costs.
Stock Compensation Plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Equity Plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Stock-based compensation expense is based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718-10 “Compensation-Stock Compensation.” As required by ASC 718-10, Teradyne has made an estimate of expected forfeitures and is recognizing compensation costs only for those stock-based compensation awards expected to vest.
Under its stock compensation plans, Teradyne has granted stock options and restricted stock units, and employees are eligible to purchase Teradyne’s common stock through its Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).
Stock options to purchase Teradyne’s common stock at 100% of the fair market value on the grant date generally vest in equal installments over four years from the grant date and have a maximum term of seven years.
Restricted stock unit awards granted to employees vest in equal annual installments over four years. Restricted stock unit awards granted to non-employee directors vest after a one year period, with 100% of the award vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date. A portion of restricted stock unit awards granted to executive officers is subject to time-based vesting and a portion is subject to performance-based vesting. The percentage level of performance satisfied for performance-based grants is assessed on or near the anniversary of the grant date and, in turn, that percentage level determines the number of performance-based restricted stock units available for vesting over the vesting period; portions of the performance-based grants not available for vesting will be forfeited. Restricted stock units do not have common stock voting rights, and the shares underlying the restricted stock units
are not considered issued and outstanding until they become vested. Teradyne expenses the cost of the restricted stock unit awards subject to time-based vesting, which is determined to be the fair market value of the shares at the date of grant, ratably over the period during which the restrictions lapse.
Under the ESPP, eligible employees may purchase shares of common stock through regular payroll deductions of up to 10% of their eligible compensation, to a maximum of shares with a fair market value of $25,000 per calendar year, not to exceed 6,000 shares. The price paid for the common stock is equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value of Teradyne’s common stock on the first business day and the last business day of the purchase period. Beginning in January 2013, the price paid will be equal to 85% of the stock price on the last business day of the purchase period. There are two six-month purchase periods in each fiscal year.
The effect to income from continuing operations for recording stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31 was as follows:
Valuation Assumptions
The total number of stock options granted in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were 0.2 million, 0.1 million and 0.3 million, respectively, at the weighted average grant date fair value of $6.85, $6.74 and $4.10, respectively. The fair value of the stock options at grant date was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
Teradyne determined the stock option’s expected life based upon historical exercise data for executive officers, the age of executives and the terms of the stock option award. Volatility was determined using historical volatility for a period equal to the expected life. The interest rate was determined using the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
The weighted-average fair value of employee stock purchase rights granted pursuant to the ESPP in the first and last six months of 2012 was $4.09 and $3.42, respectively, the first and last six months of 2011 was $3.66 and $4.01, respectively, and the first and last six months of 2010 was $3.05 and $2.77, respectively. The fair value of the employees’ purchase rights was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
As of December 31, 2012, there were 2.8 million shares available for grant under the ESPP.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon weighted available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. U.S. income taxes are not provided for on the earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries, except Japan, which are expected to be reinvested indefinitely in operations outside the U.S. For intra-period tax allocations, Teradyne first utilizes non-equity related tax attributes, such as net operating losses and credit carryforwards and then equity-related tax attributes. Teradyne uses the with-and-without method for calculating excess stock compensation deductions and does not take into account any indirect impacts of excess stock compensation deductions on its research and development tax credits, domestic production activities deduction, and other differences between financial reporting and tax reporting.
On January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 was enacted which retrospectively reinstated the research and development tax credit for 2012 and extended it through December 31, 2013. As a result, in the first quarter of 2013, Teradyne expects to record a discrete benefit related to 2012 of approximately $7.0 million.
Advertising Costs
Teradyne expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $1.6 million, $1.0 million and $0.6 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Translation of Non-U.S. Currencies
The functional currency for all non-U.S. subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. All foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are re-measured on a monthly basis into the functional currency using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period. All foreign currency denominated non-monetary assets and liabilities are re-measured into the functional currency using historical exchange rates. Net foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from re-measurement are included in interest expense and other and were a loss of $4.5 million, a gain of $0.9 million and a gain of $2.5 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. These amounts do not reflect the corresponding gain (loss) from foreign exchange contracts. See Note H: “Financial Instruments” regarding foreign exchange contracts. Revenue and expense amounts are translated using an average of exchange rates in effect during the period.
Net Income (Loss) per Common Share
Basic net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Except where the result would be antidilutive, diluted net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares plus common stock equivalents, if applicable.
Prior to the fourth quarter of 2010, net income for diluted net income (loss) per share includes an adjustment related to the convertible notes that represents interest expense that would have not been recorded if the notes converted at the beginning of the period. Dilutive potential common shares include incremental shares from assumed conversion of the convertible notes and the convertible notes hedge warrant shares. Incremental shares from assumed conversion of the convertible notes are calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the conversion price of $5.48, multiplied by the 34.7 million shares that will be issued upon conversion. The result of this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the convertible debt, is divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period. Convertible notes hedge warrant shares are calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the warrant price of $7.67, multiplied by the 34.7 million shares that will be issued upon conversion. The result of
this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the warrant, is divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period. Teradyne’s call option for 34.7 million shares at an exercise price of $5.48 is not used in the GAAP earnings per share calculation as its effect would be anti-dilutive.
With respect to Teradyne’s convertible debt, Teradyne intends to settle its conversion spread (i.e., the intrinsic value of the embedded option feature contained in the convertible debt) in shares. Teradyne accounts for its conversion spread using the treasury stock method. In the fourth quarter of 2010, Teradyne determined that it had the ability and intent to settle the principal amount of the convertible debt in cash; accordingly as of the fourth quarter of 2010, the principal amount has been excluded from the determination of diluted earnings per share.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income (loss), unrealized pension prior service costs and benefits, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities and foreign currency translation adjustments.
C. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE
Effective January 1, 2012, Teradyne changed the method of recognizing actuarial gains and losses for its defined benefit pension plans and postretirement benefit plan and calculating the expected return on plan assets for its defined benefit pension plans. Historically, Teradyne recognized net actuarial gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheets on an annual basis and amortized them into operating results over the average remaining years of service of the plan participants, to the extent such gains and losses were outside of a range (“corridor”). Teradyne has elected to immediately recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in its operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In addition, Teradyne used to calculate the expected return on plan assets using a calculated market-related value of plan assets. Effective January 1, 2012, Teradyne elected to calculate the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets.
Teradyne believes that this new method is preferable as it eliminates the delay in recognizing gains and losses in its operating results and it will improve the transparency by faster recognition of the effects of economic and interest rate trends on plan obligation and investments. These actuarial gains and losses are generally measured annually as of December 31 and, accordingly, will be recorded during the fourth quarter of each year or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, all prior periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been adjusted to apply the new accounting method retrospectively.
Had these changes not been made, net income for the year ended December 31, 2012 would have been $207.0 million compared to $217.0 million actually recorded. Diluted earnings per share would have been $0.90 compared to $0.94 for the year ended December 31, 2012.
The effects of the change in accounting principle on the condensed consolidated financial statements for 2011 and 2010 are presented below. We have condensed the comparative financial statements for financial statement line items that were not affected by the change in accounting principle.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
D. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, “Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities.” This ASU is intended to enhance the understanding of the effects of netting arrangements on an entity’s financial statements, including financial instruments and derivative instruments that are either offset or subject to a master netting arrangement. The scope of this ASU includes sale and repurchase agreements, reverse sale and repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and lending arrangements. In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01 “Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities.” This standard provided additional guidance on the scope of ASU 2011-11. The provisions of this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” Under this ASU, an entity is required to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”) by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the financial statements or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of AOCI by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required to be reclassified in its entirety in the same reporting period. For amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures that provide additional details about those amounts. The provisions of this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.
E. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On March 21, 2011, Teradyne completed the sale of its Diagnostic Solutions business unit, which was included in the Systems Test Group segment, to SPX Corporation for $40.2 million in cash. Teradyne sold this business as its growth potential as a stand-alone business within Teradyne was significantly less than if it was part of a larger automotive supplier. The financial information for Diagnostic Solutions has been reclassified to discontinued operations for all periods presented. Net revenues and income from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
F. ACQUISITIONS
Business
LitePoint Corporation
On October 5, 2011, Teradyne completed its acquisition of LitePoint Corporation (“LitePoint”) located in Sunnyvale, California. The total purchase price of $646.0 million consisted of $572.7 million of cash paid to acquire the outstanding common and preferred stock of LitePoint, $68.9 million in fair value of contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain revenue targets through 2012 and $4.5 million in fair value of assumed vested stock options, which were converted into stock options to purchase Teradyne’s common stock. The fair value of stock options was estimated using the following weighted average assumptions:
LitePoint designs, develops, and supports advanced wireless test solutions for the development and manufacturing of wireless devices, including smart phones, tablets, notebooks/laptops, personal computer peripherals, and other Wi-Fi enabled devices. LitePoint’s IQ product line consists of cellular and connectivity test solutions used by developers and manufacturers of wireless devices and consumer electronics. LitePoint is Teradyne’s Wireless Test operating and reportable segment.
The LitePoint acquisition was accounted for as a purchase business combination and, accordingly, the results have been included in Teradyne’s consolidated results of operation from the date of acquisition. The allocation of the total purchase price of LitePoint net tangible and identifiable intangible assets was based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the identifiable intangible and net tangible assets in the amount of $349.3 million was allocated to goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes. The following represents the allocation of the purchase price:
Teradyne estimated the fair value of intangible assets using the income and cost approach. Acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The following table represents components of these intangible assets and their estimated useful lives at the acquisition date:
For the period from October 5, 2011 to December 31, 2011, LitePoint contributed $28.4 million of revenues and had a $(20.6) million loss from continuing operations before income taxes.
The following unaudited pro forma information gives effect to the acquisition of LitePoint as if the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2010. The unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred had the acquisition been in effect for the periods presented:
Pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2010 include non-recurring expenses related to acquired inventory fair value adjustment of $18.3 million and $13.3 million of transaction fees incurred by both Teradyne and LitePoint.
G. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:
Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $55.0 million, $51.0 million and $52.8 million, respectively.
H. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Cash Equivalents
Teradyne considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents.
Marketable Securities
Teradyne accounts for its investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with the provisions of ASC 320-10, “Investments-Debt and Equity Securities.” ASC 320-10 requires that certain debt and equity securities be classified into one of three categories; trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities. On a quarterly basis, Teradyne reviews its investments to identify and evaluate those that have an indication of a potential other-than-temporary impairment. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include:
•
The length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost;
•
The financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and
•
The intent and ability to retain the investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.
Teradyne uses the market and income approach techniques to value its financial instruments and there were no changes in valuation techniques during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. As defined in ASC 820-10 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. ASC 820-10 requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets as of the reporting date.
Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1, that are observable either directly or indirectly as of the reporting date. For example, a common approach for valuing fixed income securities is the use of matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used to value securities by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, and therefore is considered a Level 2 input.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not supported by market data. Unobservable inputs are developed based on the best information available, which might include Teradyne’s own data.
Most of Teradyne’s fixed income securities are classified as Level 2, with the exception of U.S. Treasury securities and investments in equity and debt mutual funds, which are classified as Level 1, and contingent consideration, which is classified as Level 3. The majority of Level 2 securities are priced by third party pricing vendors. These pricing vendors utilize the most recent observable market information in pricing these securities or, if specific prices are not available, use other observable inputs like market transactions involving identical or comparable securities.
There were no realized losses recorded in 2012, 2011 and 2010. Realized gains recorded in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $1.4 million, $2.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively. Realized gains are included in interest income. Unrealized gains and losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.
During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no transfers in or out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 financial instruments.
The following table sets forth by fair value hierarchy Teradyne’s financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Reported as follows:
Reported as follows:
Changes in the fair value of Level 3 contingent consideration for the year ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows:
The carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
(1) The carrying value represents the bifurcated debt component only, while the fair value is based on quoted market prices for the convertible note which includes the equity conversion feature.
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net and accounts payable approximate the carrying amount due to the short term maturities of these instruments.
The following tables summarize the composition of available for sale marketable securities at December 31, 2012 and 2011:
Reported as follows:
Reported as follows:
As of December 31, 2012, the fair market value of investments with unrealized losses totaled $59.1 million. There were no unrealized losses greater than one year. As of December 31, 2011, the fair market value of investments with unrealized losses totaled $64.6 million. Of this value, $2.4 million had unrealized losses for greater than one year and $62.2 million had unrealized losses for less than one year. Teradyne reviews its investments to identify and evaluate investments that have an indication of possible impairment. Based on this review, Teradyne determined that the unrealized losses related to these investments, at December 31, 2012 and 2011, were temporary.
The contractual maturities of investments held at December 31, 2012 were as follows:
Derivatives
Teradyne conducts business in a number of foreign countries, with certain transactions denominated in local currencies. The purpose of Teradyne’s foreign currency management is to minimize the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated net monetary assets. Teradyne does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
To minimize the effect of exchange rate fluctuations associated with the remeasurement of net monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies, Teradyne enters into foreign currency forward contracts. The change in
fair value of these derivatives is recorded directly in earnings, and is used to offset the change in value of the net monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies.
At December 31, 2012 and 2011, Teradyne had the following contracts to buy and sell non-U.S. currencies for U.S. dollars and other non-U.S. currencies with the following notional amounts:
The fair value of the outstanding contracts was a gain of $0.1 million and a loss of $0.3 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
In 2012, Teradyne recorded net realized gains of $4.0 million related to foreign currency forward contracts hedging net monetary positions. In 2011 and 2010, Teradyne recorded net realized losses of $1.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively, related to foreign currency forward contracts hedging net monetary positions. Gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses on monetary assets and liabilities are included in interest expense and other.
The following table summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments as of December 31, 2012 and 2011:
The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments in the statement of operations recognized for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 (the table does not reflect the corresponding gain (loss) from the remeasurement of the balance sheet):
See Note I: “Debt” regarding derivatives related to the convertible senior notes.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject Teradyne to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, marketable securities, forward currency contracts and accounts receivable. Teradyne’s cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds invested in U.S. Treasuries and government agencies. Teradyne’s fixed income available-for-sale marketable securities have a minimum rating of AA by one or more of the major credit rating agencies. Teradyne places foreign currency forward contracts with high credit-quality financial institutions in order to minimize credit risk exposure. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of geographically dispersed customers. Teradyne performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and from time to time may require customers to provide a letter of credit from a bank to secure accounts receivable.
I. DEBT
Long-term debt at December 31, 2012 and 2011 consisted of the following:
The debt principal payments for the next 5 years and thereafter are as follows:
Loan Agreement
On March 31, 2009, Teradyne K.K., Teradyne’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Japan, entered into a loan agreement with a local bank in Japan to borrow approximately $10.0 million (the loan is denominated in Japanese Yen). The loan has a term of 5 years and a fixed interest rate of 0.8%. Approximately $6.0 million of the loan is collateralized by a real estate mortgage on Teradyne K.K.’s building and land in Kumamoto, Japan (which had a net book value of $12.3 million as of December 31, 2012) and approximately $4.0 million is unsecured. Teradyne, Inc. has guaranteed payment of the loan obligation. The loan is amortized over the term of the loan with semi-annual principal payments of approximately $1 million payable on September 30 and March 30 each year. At December 31, 2012, approximately $2.3 million of the outstanding loan principal is included in current debt and approximately $1.2 million is classified as long-term debt.
Convertible Senior Notes
On March 31, 2009, Teradyne entered into an underwriting agreement regarding a public offering of $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% convertible senior notes due March 15, 2014 (the “Notes”).
On April 1, 2009, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional $15.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes for a total aggregate principal amount of $190.0 million. The Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.50% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2009. The Notes will mature on March 15, 2014, unless earlier repurchased by Teradyne or converted. The Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with all of Teradyne’s existing and future senior debt and senior to any of Teradyne’s subordinated debt.
The Notes may be converted, under certain circumstances and during certain periods, at an initial conversion rate of approximately 182.65 shares of Teradyne’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.48, a 25% conversion premium based on the last reported sale price of $4.38 per share of Teradyne’s common stock on March 31, 2009. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.
Holders may convert their Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 15, 2013, under the following circumstances: (1) during the five business-day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the price per Note for each day of that measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of Teradyne’s common stock and the conversion rate for such date; (2) during any calendar quarter, if the last reported sale price of Teradyne’s common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter exceeds 130% of the applicable conversion price in effect on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; or (3) upon the occurrence of certain specified events. Additionally, the Notes are convertible during the last three months prior to the March 15, 2014 maturity date. Upon conversion, holders will receive, at Teradyne’s option, shares of Teradyne common stock, cash or a combination of cash and shares of Teradyne common stock, subject to Teradyne’s option to irrevocably elect to settle all future conversions in cash up to the principal amount of the Notes and shares of common stock for any excess.
During each calendar quarter of 2012 and 2011, one of the above described circumstances that allows holders to convert their Notes at their option prior to December 15, 2013 had occurred (the last reported sale price of Teradyne’s common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter exceeded 130% of the conversion price in effect on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter). As of February 28, 2013, one holder exercised the option to convert two thousand dollars worth of Notes.
Teradyne may not redeem the Notes prior to their maturity. Holders of the Notes may require Teradyne to purchase in cash all or a portion of their Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving Teradyne (which include, among others, the liquidation or dissolution of Teradyne, the acquisition of 50% or more of the total voting shares of Teradyne, certain mergers and consolidations, and the delisting of Teradyne’s stock).
Concurrently with the offering of the Notes, Teradyne entered into a convertible note hedge transaction with a strike price equal to the initial conversion price of the Notes, or approximately $5.48. The convertible note hedge allows Teradyne to receive shares of its common stock and/or cash related to the excess conversion value that it would pay to the holders of the Notes upon conversion. The convertible note hedges will cover, subject to customary antidilution adjustments, approximately 34,703,196 shares of Teradyne’s common stock. Teradyne paid approximately $64.6 million for the convertible note hedges.
Separately, Teradyne entered into a warrant transaction with a strike price of approximately $7.67 per share, which is 75% higher than the closing price of Teradyne’s common stock on March 31, 2009. The warrants will be net share settled and will cover, subject to customary antidilution adjustments, approximately 34,703,196 shares of Teradyne’s common stock. Teradyne received approximately $43.0 million for the warrants.
The convertible note hedge and warrant transaction will generally have the effect of increasing the conversion price of the Notes to approximately $7.67 per share of Teradyne’s common stock, representing a 75% conversion premium based upon the closing price of Teradyne’s common stock on March 31, 2009.
On April 6, 2009, Teradyne completed its registered public offering of the $190.0 million aggregate principal amount convertible senior notes and settled the related convertible bond hedge and warrant transaction and received approximately $163.0 million as a result of these financing transactions.
Teradyne considered the guidance of ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” and concluded that the convertible note hedge is both indexed to Teradyne’s stock and should be classified in stockholders’ equity in its statement of financial position. The convertible note hedge is considered indexed to Teradyne’s stock as the terms of the convertible note hedge do not contain an exercise contingency and the settlement amount equals the difference between the fair value of a fixed number of Teradyne’s shares and a fixed strike price. Because the only variable that can affect the settlement amount is Teradyne’s stock price, which is an input to the fair value of a fixed-for-fixed option contract, the convertible note hedge is considered indexed to Teradyne’s stock.
Teradyne assessed whether the convertible note hedge should be classified as equity under ASC 815-40. In the convertible note hedge contract the settlement terms permit net cash settlement or net share settlement, at the option of Teradyne. Therefore, the criteria as set forth in ASC 815-40 were evaluated by Teradyne. In reviewing the criteria, Teradyne noted the following: (1) the convertible note hedge does not require Teradyne to issue shares; (2) there are no cash payments for failure to make timely filings with the SEC; (3) in the case of termination, the convertible note hedge is settled in the same consideration as the holders of the underlying stock; (4) the counterparty does not have rights that rank higher than those of a shareholder of the stock underlying the convertible note hedge; and (5) there is no requirement to post collateral. Based on its analysis of those criteria, Teradyne concluded that the convertible note hedge should be recorded in equity and no further adjustment should be made in future periods to adjust the value of the convertible note hedge.
Teradyne analyzed the warrant transaction under ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” and other relevant literature, and determined that it met the criteria for classification as an equity transaction and is considered indexed to Teradyne’s stock. As a result, Teradyne recorded the proceeds from the warrants as an increase to additional paid-in capital. Teradyne does not recognize subsequent changes in fair value of the warrant in its financial statements.
The provisions of ASC 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options” are applicable to the Notes. ASC 470-20 requires Teradyne to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion feature) components of the Notes in a manner that reflects Teradyne’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at the date of issuance when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. Teradyne allocated $63.4 million of the $190.0 million principal amount of the Notes to the equity component, which represents a discount to the debt and will be amortized into interest expense using the effective interest method through March 2014. Accordingly, Teradyne’s effective annual interest rate on the Notes will be approximately 14.5%. The Notes are classified as long-term debt in the balance sheet based on their March 15, 2014 maturity date. Debt issuance costs of approximately $4.1 million are being amortized to interest expense over the five year term of the Notes. As of December 31, 2012, debt issuance costs were approximately $1.0 million.
The below tables represent the key components of Teradyne’s convertible senior notes:
As of December 31, 2012, the unamortized discount was $20.1 million, which will be amortized over approximately 1.25 years, and the carrying amount of the equity component was $63.4 million. As of December 31, 2012, the conversion rate was equal to the initial conversion price of approximately $5.48 per share and the if-converted value of the Notes was $586.1 million.
J. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the accumulated other comprehensive income balances were as follows:
K. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Teradyne performs its annual goodwill impairment test as required under the provisions of ASC 350-10, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other” on December 31 of each fiscal year unless interim indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. Fair values are estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology.
Teradyne performed its 2012 and 2011 annual goodwill impairment test at the Wireless Test reporting unit level which is an operating and reportable segment and the only operating and reportable segment that has goodwill. There was no impairment.
During 2012, Teradyne recorded a $3.5 million decrease in goodwill and a $3.5 million increase in income tax receivable.
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting units for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows:
Intangible Assets
Amortizable intangible assets consist of the following and are included in intangible assets, net on the balance sheets:
During the year ended December 31, 2012, Teradyne reduced the gross amount of intangible assets by $0.6 million for the excess tax benefit realized due to the exercise of stock options vested as of the Nextest acquisition date.
Aggregate intangible assets amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $73.5 million, $40.5 million, and $29.3 million, respectively. Estimated intangible assets amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows:
L. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Purchase Commitments
As of December 31, 2012, Teradyne had entered into non-cancelable purchase commitments for certain components and materials. The purchase commitments covered by the agreements aggregate to approximately $210.0 million.
Commitments
Rental expense for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $15.5 million, $13.4 million and $12.9 million, respectively.
Teradyne leases portions of its office and operating facilities under various operating lease arrangements. The following table reflects Teradyne’s non-cancelable operating lease commitments:
Legal Claims
Teradyne is subject to legal proceedings, claims and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business such as, but not limited to, patent, employment, commercial and environmental matters. Teradyne believes that it has meritorious defenses against all pending claims and intends to vigorously contest them. While it is not possible to predict or determine the outcomes of any pending claims or to provide possible ranges of losses that may arise, Teradyne believes the potential losses associated with all of these actions are unlikely to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial position or results of operations.
Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations
Teradyne provides indemnification, to the extent permitted by law, to its officers, directors, employees and agents for liabilities arising from certain events or occurrences while the officer, director, employee, or agent, is or was serving, at Teradyne’s request in such capacity. Teradyne has entered into indemnification agreements with certain of its officers and directors. With respect to acquisitions, Teradyne provides indemnifications to or assumes indemnification obligations for the current and former directors, officers and employees of the acquired companies in accordance with the acquired companies’ bylaws and charter. As a matter of practice, Teradyne has maintained directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage including coverage for directors and officers of acquired companies.
Teradyne enters into agreements in the ordinary course of business with customers, resellers, distributors, integrators and suppliers. Most of these agreements require Teradyne to defend and/or indemnify the other party against intellectual property infringement claims brought by a third party with respect to Teradyne’s products. From time to time, Teradyne also indemnifies customers and business partners for damages, losses and liabilities they may suffer or incur relating to personal injury, personal property damage, product liability, breach of confidentiality obligations and environmental claims relating to the use of Teradyne’s products and services or resulting from the acts or omissions of Teradyne, its employees, authorized agents or subcontractors. On occasion, Teradyne has also provided guarantees to customers regarding the delivery and performance of its products in addition to the warranty described below.
As a matter of ordinary business course, Teradyne warrants that its products, including software products, will substantially perform in accordance with its standard published specifications in effect at the time of delivery. Most warranties have a one year duration commencing from installation. A provision is recorded upon revenue recognition to cost of revenue for estimated warranty expense based upon historical experience. When Teradyne receives revenue for extended warranties beyond the standard duration, it is deferred and recognized on a straight line basis over the contract period. Related costs are expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, Teradyne had a product warranty accrual of $9.8 million and $8.2 million, respectively, included in other accrued liabilities, and revenue deferrals related to extended warranties of $27.0 million and $12.7 million, respectively, included in short and long-term deferred revenue and customer advances.
In addition, and in the ordinary course of business, Teradyne provides minimum purchase guarantees to certain of its vendors to ensure continuity of supply against the market demand. Although some of these guarantees provide penalties for cancellations and/or modifications to the purchase commitments as the market demand decreases, most of the guarantees do not. Therefore, as the market demand decreases, Teradyne re-evaluates these guarantees and determines what charges, if any, should be recorded.
With respect to its agreements covering product, business or entity divestitures and acquisitions, Teradyne provides certain representations, warranties and covenants to purchasers and agrees to indemnify and hold such purchasers harmless against breaches of such representations, warranties and covenants. Many of the indemnification claims have a definite expiration date while some remain in force indefinitely. With respect to its acquisitions, Teradyne may, from time to time, assume the liability for certain events or occurrences that took place prior to the date of acquisition.
As a matter of ordinary course of business, Teradyne occasionally guarantees certain indebtedness obligations of its subsidiary companies, limited to the borrowings from financial institutions, purchase commitments to certain vendors, and lease commitments to landlords.
Based on historical experience and information known as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, except for product warranty, Teradyne has not recorded any liabilities for these guarantees and obligations as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 because the amount would be immaterial.
M. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share from continuing and discontinued operations:
(1) Income impact of convertible notes for 2010 represents interest expense that would have not been recorded if the notes converted at the beginning of the period.
(2) Incremental shares from assumed conversion of the convertible notes for 2012 and 2011 are calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the conversion price of $5.48, multiplied by the 34.7 million shares that will be issued upon conversion. The result of this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the convertible debt, is divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period. For 2010, incremental shares from assumed conversion of the convertible notes represent the 34.7 million of shares that will be issued upon conversion.
(3) Convertible notes hedge warrant shares for 2012, 2011 and 2010 are calculated using the difference between the average Teradyne stock price for the period and the warrant price of $7.67, multiplied by the 34.7 million shares that will be issued upon conversion. The result of this calculation, representing the total intrinsic value of the warrant, is divided by the average Teradyne stock price for the period. Teradyne’s call option on its common stock (convertible note hedge transaction) is excluded from the calculation of diluted shares because the effect would be anti-dilutive. See Note I: “Debt” regarding convertible note hedge transaction.
The computation of diluted net income per common share for 2012 excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock options to purchase approximately 0.3 million shares and restricted stock units to purchase approximately 0.3 million shares because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The computation of diluted net income per common share for 2011 excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock options to purchase approximately 0.7 million shares because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The computation of diluted net income per common share for 2010 excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock options to purchase approximately 5.3 million shares because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
With respect to Teradyne’s convertible debt, Teradyne intends to settle its conversion spread (i.e., the intrinsic value of the embedded option feature contained in the convertible debt) in shares. Teradyne accounts for its conversion spread using the treasury stock method. In the fourth quarter of 2010, Teradyne determined that it had the ability and intent to settle the principal amount of the convertible debt in cash, accordingly as of the fourth quarter of 2010, the principal amount has been excluded from the determination of diluted earnings per share.
N. RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER
Other
During the year ended December 31, 2012, due to a decrease in specified new product revenue through the December 31, 2012 earn-out period end date, Teradyne recorded an $8.8 million fair value adjustment to decrease the LitePoint acquisition contingent consideration. The $68.5 million decrease in the contingent consideration liability from December 31, 2011 is due to $59.7 million in payments and an $8.8 million fair value decrease.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, Teradyne recorded $5.8 million of other charges in which $4.6 million related to acquisition costs and $1.2 million related to a non-U.S pension settlement.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, Teradyne had $3.0 million of other gains related to non-U.S pension settlements.
Restructuring
In response to a downturn in the industry in 2008 and 2009, Teradyne initiated restructuring activities across its Semiconductor Test and Systems Test Group segments to reduce costs, principally through headcount reductions and facility consolidations. The remaining accrual for severance and benefits of $0.2 million is reflected in the accrued employees’ compensation and withholdings account on the balance sheet and is expected to be paid by June 2013. The remaining accrual for lease payments on vacated facilities of $1.1 million is
reflected in the other accrued liabilities account and is expected to be paid over the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2012, Teradyne has subleased approximately 37% of its unoccupied space.
During the year ended December 31, 2012, Teradyne recorded the following restructuring activities:
Q2 2012 Actions:
- $0.3 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of 10 people in Semiconductor Test.
Q3 2012 Actions:
- $0.7 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of 9 people, of which $0.5 million and 7 people were in Systems Test Group and $0.2 million and 2 people in Wireless Test.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, Teradyne recorded the following restructuring activities:
Q1 2011 Actions:
- $0.6 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of 5 people in Semiconductor Test.
Q2 2011 Actions:
- $0.3 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of 2 people in Semiconductor Test.
Q2 2010 Actions:
- $0.2 million related to a change in the estimated severance benefits related to headcount reductions in Semiconductor Test.
Q4 2010 Actions:
- $0.1 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions in Semiconductor Test.
Pre-2010 Actions:
- $(0.5) million credit related to changes in the estimated exit costs related to the Westford, MA and Poway, CA facilities in Systems Test Group, and the North Reading, MA facility in Semiconductor Test and Systems Test Group.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, Teradyne recorded the following restructuring activities:
Q1 2010 Actions:
- $0.4 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 4 people in Semiconductor Test.
Q2 2010 Actions:
- $0.9 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 6 people in Systems Test Group.
Q3 2010 Actions:
- $0.4 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 10 people in Systems Test Group.
Q4 2010 Actions:
- $0.1 million of severance charges related to the headcount reduction of 1 person in Systems Test Group.
Pre-2010 Actions:
- $(2.7) million credit related to the early exit of previously impaired leased facilities in Westford, Massachusetts.
- $0.5 million and $(0.2) million related to a change in the estimated severance benefits related to headcount reduction activities in Semiconductor Test and Systems Test Group, respectively.
O. RETIREMENT PLANS
ASC 715, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits” requires an employer with defined benefit plans or other postretirement benefit plans to recognize an asset or a liability on its balance sheet for the overfunded or underfunded status of the plans as defined by ASC 715. The pension asset or liability represents a difference between the fair value of the pension plan’s assets and the projected benefit obligation at December 31.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
Teradyne has defined benefit pension plans covering a portion of domestic employees and employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. Benefits under these plans are based on employees’ years of service and compensation. Teradyne’s funding policy is to make contributions to the plans in accordance with local laws and to the extent that such contributions are tax deductible. The assets of these plans consist primarily of fixed income and equity securities. In addition, Teradyne has an unfunded supplemental executive defined benefit plan in the United States to provide retirement benefits in excess of levels allowed by the Employment Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”), as well as unfunded qualified foreign plans.
Teradyne uses a December 31 measurement date for all of its plans. The December 31 balances of these defined benefit pension plans assets and obligations are shown below:
During the year ended December 31, 2012, Teradyne offered to certain former U.S. employees the option to receive their vested pension benefit as a one-time, lump sum payment. Approximately 2,000 former employees elected to receive a one-time, lump sum payment. Total one-time, lump sum payments were approximately $52.0 million.
The following table provides amounts recorded within the account line items of the statement of financial position as of December 31:
The following table provides amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31:
The estimated portion of prior service cost remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that is expected to be recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost in 2013 is $0.2 million.
The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $360.4 million and $370.1 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31:
Expense
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Teradyne’s net periodic pension cost was comprised of the following:
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Net Periodic Pension Cost at January 1
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Pension Obligations at December 31
In developing the expected return on plan assets assumption, Teradyne evaluates input from its investment manager and pension consultants, including their review of asset class return expectations. Based on this review, Teradyne believes that 5.0% was an appropriate rate to use for fiscal 2012 for the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan (“U.S. Plan”).
Effective January 1, 2012, Teradyne has elected to immediately recognize net actuarial gains and losses and the change in the fair value of the plan assets in its operating results in the year in which they occur or upon any interim remeasurement of the plans. In addition, Teradyne used to calculate the expected return on plan assets using a calculated market-related value of plan assets. Effective January 1, 2012, Teradyne elected to calculate the expected return on plan assets using the fair value of the plan assets.
The discount rate utilized to determine future pension obligations for the U.S. Plan is based on Citigroup Pension Index adjusted for the plan’s expected cash flows and was 3.6% at December 31, 2012, down from 4.2% at December 31, 2011.
Plan Assets
As of December 31, 2012, the fair value of Teradyne’s pension plans’ assets totaled $302.9 million of which $278.9 million was related to the U.S. Plan, $23.2 million was related to the U.K. defined benefit pension plan, and $0.8 million was related to the Taiwan defined benefit pension plan. Teradyne’s pension plans’ assets consisted primarily of investments in fixed-income and equity securities. Substantially all our pension plan assets are held in individual trusts, which were established for the investment of assets of Teradyne’s sponsored retirement plans.
Teradyne’s weighted average pension asset allocation at December 31, 2012 and 2011, by asset category is as follows:
The assets of the U.S. Plan are overseen by the Teradyne Fiduciary Committee which is comprised of members of senior management drawn from appropriate diversified levels of the management team. The
Fiduciary Committee is responsible for setting the policy that provides the framework for management of the U.S. Plan assets. In accordance with its responsibilities, the Fiduciary Committee meets on a regular basis to review the performance of the U.S. Plan assets and compliance with the investment policy. The policy sets forth an investment structure for managing U.S. Plan assets, including setting the asset allocation ranges, which are expected to provide an appropriate level of overall diversification required to maximize the long-term return on plan assets for a prudent and reasonable level of risk given prevailing market conditions, total investment return over the long term, and preservation of capital, while maintaining sufficient liquidity to pay the benefits of the U.S. Plan. The investment portfolio will not, at any time, have a direct investment in Teradyne stock. It may have indirect investment in Teradyne stock, if one of the funds selected by the investment manager invests in Teradyne stock. In developing the asset allocation ranges, third party asset allocation studies are periodically performed that consider the current and expected positions of the plan assets and funded status. Based on this study and other appropriate information, the Fiduciary Committee establishes asset allocation ranges taking into account acceptable risk targets and associated returns. The investment return objectives are to avoid excessive volatility and produce a rate of return that at least matches the Policy Index identified below. The manager’s investment performance is reviewed at least annually. Results for the total portfolio and for each major category of assets are evaluated in comparison with appropriate market indices, the Policy Index, other similarly managed portfolios and the Consumer Price Index.
The target asset allocation and the index for each asset category for the U.S. Plan, per the investment policy, is as follows:
Asset Category:
Policy Index:
Target
Allocation
Passive and Active Fixed Income
Barclays Capital Long Government Credit Index
85%
Equity (Large cap)
S&P 500 Stock Index
International Equity
MSCI EAFE Index (Net Dividends)
The assets of Teradyne’s foreign pension plans are invested in funds which seek to combine long-term growth potential offered through equity exposure with the relative security provided by bonds, and are governed locally by local management in accordance with specific jurisdictional requirements. Investments in the non-U.S. plans consist primarily of fixed-income and equity securities. These investments are valued using significant observable inputs (Level 2). The fair market value of assets for the international pension plans was $24.0 million as of December 31, 2012. There were no investments with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) in the non-U.S. pension plans. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no transfers of pension assets in or out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3.
Teradyne’s U.S. Plan invests primarily in common trust funds and fixed income securities. Units held in the common trust funds are valued at the unit price as reported by the investment managers based on the asset value of the underlying investments; underlying investments in equity securities are valued at the last reported sales price, and underlying investments in fixed-income securities are generally valued using methods based upon market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships between securities which are generally recognized by institutional traders. Substantially all of these investments are valued using significant observable inputs (Level 2). The fair market value of assets for the U.S. Plan was $278.9 million as of December 31, 2012. There were no investments with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) in the U.S. Plan. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no transfers of pension assets in or out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3.
The fair value of pension plan assets by asset category and by level at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows:
Contributions
Teradyne’s funding policy is to make contributions to the plans in accordance with local laws and to the extent that such contributions are tax deductible. During 2012, Teradyne contributed $1.7 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and $1.6 million to certain qualified plans for non-U.S. subsidiaries. During 2011, Teradyne contributed $1.7 million to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension plan and $8.5 million to certain qualified plans for non-U.S. subsidiaries. In 2013, contributions to certain qualified plans for non-U.S. subsidiaries are based on local statutory requirements and will be approximately $2.0 million. In 2013, contributions to the U.S. supplemental executive defined benefit pension Plan will be approximately $1.8 million. Teradyne does not expect to make any contributions to the U.S. Plan in 2013.
Expected Future Pension Benefits Payments
Future benefit payments are expected to be paid as follows:
Postretirement Benefit Plans
In addition to receiving pension benefits, U.S. Teradyne employees who meet early retirement eligibility requirements as of their termination dates may participate in Teradyne’s Welfare Plan, which includes death, and medical and dental benefits up to age 65. Death benefits provide a fixed sum to retirees’ survivors and are available to all retirees. Substantially all of Teradyne’s current U.S. employees could become eligible for these benefits, and the existing benefit obligation relates primarily to those employees.
Teradyne uses a December 31 measurement date for its plan. The December 31 balances of the postretirement assets and obligations are shown below:
The following table provides amounts recorded within the account line items of financial position as of December 31:
The following table provides amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income) as of December 31:
The estimated portion of prior service credit remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income that is expected to be recognized as a component of net periodic postretirement benefit cost in 2013 is $(0.6) million.
Expense
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Teradyne’s net periodic postretirement benefit (income) cost was comprised of the following:
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost as of January 1
Weighted Average Assumptions to Determine Postretirement Benefit Obligation as of December 31
Assumed health care trend rates could have a significant effect on the amounts reported for health care plans. A one percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend rates for the year ended December 31, 2012, would have the following effects:
Expected Future Benefits Payments
Future benefit payments are expected to be paid as follows:
P. STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
Stock Compensation Plans
At Teradyne’s annual meeting of stockholders held May 28, 2009, Teradyne’s stockholders approved an amendment to Teradyne’s 2006 Equity and Cash Compensation Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares issuable by 10.0 million for an aggregate of 22.0 million shares issuable thereunder. Teradyne’s stockholders also approved an amendment to Teradyne’s 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan to increase the number of shares issuable by 5.0 million, for an aggregate of 25.4 million shares issuable thereunder.
Restricted stock unit awards granted to employees vest in equal annual installments over four years. Restricted stock unit awards granted to non-employee directors vest after a one year period, with 100% of the award vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date. A portion of the restricted stock unit awards granted to executive officers is subject to time-based vesting and a portion is subject to performance-based vesting. The
percentage level of performance satisfied for performance-based grants is assessed on or near the anniversary of the grant date and, in turn, that percentage level determines the number of performance-based restricted stock units available for vesting over the vesting period; portions of the performance-based grants not available for vesting will be forfeited.
In 2012, 2011 and 2010, Teradyne granted service-based stock options to executive officers. These stock options vest in equal installments over four years and have a term of seven years.
Stock compensation plan activity for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Total shares available for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010:
Weighted-average restricted stock unit award date fair value information for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Restricted stock unit awards aggregate intrinsic value information at December 31 for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Restricted stock units weighted average contractual terms (in years) information at December 31, for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Weighted average stock options exercise price information for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Stock option aggregate intrinsic value information for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Stock options weighted average contractual terms (in years) information at December 31, for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 2012 and related weighted average price and remaining contractual life information follow:
As of December 31, 2012, total unrecognized expense related to non-vested restricted stock unit awards and stock options totaled $52.1 million, and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Under the Teradyne 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, eligible employees (including executive officers) may purchase shares of common stock through regular payroll deductions of up to 10% of their compensation, to a maximum of shares with a fair market value of $25,000 per calendar year, not to exceed 6,000 shares. Under the plan, the price paid for the common stock is equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value of Teradyne’s common stock on the first business day and the last business day of each six month purchase period within each year. Beginning in January 2013, the price paid will be equal to 85% of the stock price on the last business day of the purchase period.
In July 2012, 0.6 million shares of common stock were issued to employees who participated in the plan during the first half of 2012, at the price of $11.69 per share. In January 2013, Teradyne issued 0.6 million shares of common stock to employees who participated in the plan during the second half of 2012, at the price of $11.91 per share.
In July 2011, 0.6 million shares of common stock were issued to employees who participated in the plan during the first half of 2011, at the price of $11.65 per share. In January 2012, Teradyne issued 0.6 million shares of common stock to employees who participated in the plan during the second half of 2011, at the price of $11.59 per share.
In July 2010, 0.6 million shares of common stock were issued to employees who participated in the plan during the first half of 2010, at the price of $8.29 per share. In January 2011, Teradyne issued 0.8 million shares of common stock to employees who participated in the plan during the second half of 2010, at the price of $8.12 per share.
Q. SAVINGS PLAN
Teradyne sponsors a defined contribution employee retirement Savings Plan covering substantially all U.S. employees. Under the Savings Plan, employees may contribute up to 20% of their compensation (subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations). In January 2009, Teradyne amended the Savings Plan to eliminate a fixed formula used to calculate the match and provide for a variable discretionary match to be determined each year. In 2012, 2011 and 2010, Teradyne matched 100% of eligible employee contributions up to 4% of their compensation for employees not accruing benefits in the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan. There was no match for employees still actively accruing benefits in the U.S. Qualified Pension Plan. Teradyne’s contributions vest 25% per year for the first four years of employment, and contributions for those employees with four years of service vest immediately.
Teradyne also has established an unfunded U.S. Supplemental Savings Plan to provide savings benefits in excess of those allowed by ERISA and the IRC. The provisions of this plan are the same as the Savings Plan. Under Teradyne’s savings plans, amounts charged to the statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $10.6 million, $11.3 million and $7.5 million, respectively.
R. INCOME TAXES
The components of income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and the provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations as shown in the consolidated statements of operations were as follows:
For the tax year ended December 31, 2012, the income tax expense from continuing operations for 2012 totaled $48.9 million, primarily attributable to a U.S. federal tax provision and tax provisions for foreign taxes. As of December 31, 2012, Teradyne evaluated the likelihood that it would realize the deferred income taxes to offset future taxable income and concluded that it is more likely than not that a substantial majority of its deferred tax assets will be realized through consideration of both the positive and negative evidence. Teradyne maintains a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets of $55.4 million, primarily related to excess stock compensation deductions associated with pre-2006 activity, state net operating losses and state tax credit carryforwards, due to the uncertainty regarding their realization. Adjustments could be required in the future if Teradyne estimates that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount recorded.
For the year ended December 31, 2011, income tax benefit from continuing operations totaled $129.5 million, primarily attributable to the reduction of Teradyne’s deferred income tax valuation allowance. As of December 31, 2011, Teradyne evaluated the likelihood that it would realize the deferred income taxes to offset future taxable income and concluded that it is more likely than not that a substantial majority of its deferred tax assets will be realized through consideration of both the positive and negative evidence. The evidence consisted primarily of its three year U.S. historical cumulative profitability, projected future taxable income, forecasted utilization of the deferred tax assets and the fourth quarter of 2011 acquisition of LitePoint, offset by the volatility of the industries Teradyne operates in, primarily the semiconductor industry. As such, Teradyne reduced the valuation allowance by $190.2 million, which was recorded as a tax benefit in the year ended December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2011, Teradyne maintained a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets of $51.1 million, primarily related to excess stock compensation deductions associated with pre-2006 activity, state net operating losses and state tax credit carryforwards, due to the uncertainty regarding their realization. Adjustments could be required in the future if Teradyne estimates that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount recorded.
For the year ended December 31, 2010, income tax expense from continuing operations totaled $16.7 million, primarily related to tax provisions for foreign taxes.
The total income tax provision (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was as follows:
Significant components of Teradyne’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
At December 31, 2012, Teradyne had operating loss carryforwards that expire in the following years:
Of the U.S. federal operating loss carryforwards, $22.4 million relates to the acquisition of GenRad, Inc. in 2001. The GenRad losses are limited in the amount that can be used as a result of “change in ownership” rules as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The net operating loss carryforward does not include any excess tax deduction related to stock based compensation which has not been recognized for financial statement purposes. Certain of the above tax attribute carryovers included in deferred tax assets, primarily the net operating loss carryovers, will be recorded through additional paid-in capital when realized, with the exception of the GenRad net operating losses.
Teradyne has approximately $119.0 million of tax credit carry forwards. Federal business tax credits of approximately $15.5 million expire in the years 2028 through 2031. Teradyne has foreign tax credits of approximately $42.5 million expiring in the years 2013 through 2022 and alternative minimum tax credits of approximately $6.6 million, which do not expire. In addition, there are state tax credits of $54.4 million which begin to expire in 2013.
During 2012, Teradyne’s valuation allowance increased by $4.4 million primarily due to the increase in the deferred tax assets related to state tax credits generated in 2012. During 2011, Teradyne’s beginning of the year valuation allowance decreased by $190.2 million due to a release of the valuation allowance. During 2010, Teradyne’s valuation allowance decreased by $60.0 million primarily due to the reduction in the deferred tax assets related to the decrease in net operating loss carryovers used in 2010.
A reconciliation of the effective tax rate for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 follows:
Teradyne qualifies for a tax holiday in Singapore by fulfilling the requirements of an agreement with the Singapore Economic Development Board under which certain headcount and spending requirements must be met. The tax savings due to the tax holiday for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were $10.9 million
or $0.05 per diluted share and $0.2 million or $0.00 per diluted share, respectively. There were no tax savings from the tax holiday for the year ended December 31, 2010. The tax holiday is currently expected to expire on December 31, 2015.
Teradyne records all interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense. Accrued interest and penalties related to income tax items at December 31, 2012 were not material.
Teradyne’s gross unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
Current year and prior year additions include assessment of potential transfer pricing issues worldwide, federal tax credits, state tax credits, and domestic production activities deduction. Reductions for tax positions for prior years primarily relate to statute expiration and the effective settlement of a state tax audit. Of the $17.5 million of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2012, $14.8 million would impact the consolidated income tax rate if ultimately recognized. The remaining $2.7 million would impact the valuation allowance if recognized.
As of December 31, 2012, Teradyne has open tax years beginning in 2006 for major jurisdictions including the U.S., Japan, Singapore and the United Kingdom. Teradyne estimates that it is reasonably possible that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2012 may decrease approximately $0.3 million in the next twelve months, as a result of a lapse of statutes of limitation.
As of December 31, 2012, a deferred tax liability has not been established for approximately $10.6 million of cumulative undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries, which are expected to be reinvested indefinitely in operations outside the U.S. Determination of the unrecognized deferred tax liability on unremitted earnings is not practical.
On January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 was enacted which retrospectively reinstated the research and development tax credit for 2012 and extended it through December 31, 2013. As a result, in the first quarter of 2013, Teradyne expects to record a discrete benefit related to 2012 of approximately $7.0 million.
S. OPERATING SEGMENT, GEOGRAPHIC AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMER INFORMATION
Teradyne has three operating segments (Semiconductor Test, Wireless Test and Systems Test Group), which are its reportable segments. The Semiconductor Test segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of semiconductor test products and services. The Wireless Test segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of wireless test products and services. The Systems Test Group segment includes operations related to the design, manufacturing and marketing of products and services for military/aerospace instrumentation test, storage test and circuit-board test. Each operating
segment has a segment manager who is directly accountable to and maintains regular contact with Teradyne’s chief operating decision maker (Teradyne’s chief executive officer) to discuss operating activities, financial results, forecasts, and plans for the segment.
Teradyne evaluates performance using several factors, of which the primary financial measure is business segment income from continuing operations before taxes. The accounting policies of the business segments are the same as those described in Note B: “Accounting Policies”.
Segment information for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:
(1) Interest income, interest expense and other, and pension and postretirement plans actuarial gains and losses are included in Corporate and Eliminations.
(2) Included in income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes are charges and credits related to restructuring and other, net and inventory charges.
(3) Total business assets are directly attributable to each business. Corporate assets consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, unallocated fixed assets of support departments, common facilities and certain other assets.
(4) Corporate property additions and depreciation and amortization expense include items attributable to the unallocated fixed assets of support departments and common facilities.
Included in the Semiconductor Test segment are charges and credits in the following accounts:
(1) Included in the cost of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 are charges for excess inventory provisions recorded primarily as a result of product transition.
Included in the Systems Test Group segment are charges and credits in the following accounts:
Included in the Wireless Test segment are charges and credits in the following accounts:
(1) Included in the cost of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is the cost for purchase accounting inventory step-up.
Included in the Corporate and Eliminations segment are charges and credits in the following accounts:
Information as to Teradyne’s revenues in different geographical areas is as follows:
(1) Revenues are attributable to geographic areas based on location of customer site.
In 2012, one customer accounted for 10% of total consolidated revenues. In 2011 and 2010, no customer accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated revenues.
Long-lived assets by geographic area:
T. STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
In November 2010, the Board cancelled the November 2007 stock repurchase program and authorized a new stock repurchase program for up to $200 million. The cumulative repurchases under the new program as of December 31, 2012 totaled 2.6 million shares of common stock for $31.2 million at an average price of $11.84.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
(Unaudited)
The following sets forth certain unaudited consolidated quarterly statements of operations data for each of Teradyne’s last eight quarters. In management’s opinion, this quarterly information reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement for the periods presented. Such quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of future results of operations and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of Teradyne and the notes thereto included elsewhere herein.
(1) Restructuring and other, net includes a ($1.8) million fair value adjustment to decrease the LitePoint acquisition contingent consideration.
(2) Restructuring and other, net includes $0.3 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of 10 people in Semiconductor Test and ($6.5) million fair value adjustment to decrease the LitePoint acquisition contingent consideration.
(3) Restructuring and other, net includes $0.7 million of severance charges related to the headcount reductions of 9 people, of which $0.5 million and 7 people were in Systems Test Group, $0.2 million and 2 people were in Wireless Test.
(4) Restructuring and other, net includes a ($0.4) million fair value adjustment to decrease LitePoint acquisition contingent consideration.
(5) In the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2012, we corrected prior period income tax provision (benefit) errors that resulted in a $0.2 million income tax provision. These errors were not individually or in aggregate material to the fourth quarter of 2012 or any prior period.
(6) In the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2012, the change in recognizing pension and postretirement benefit plans expense, as a result of the mark-to-market adjustments, decreased gross profit and net income by $8.1 million and $18.3 million, respectively. See Note B: “Accounting Policies” for a discussion of our accounting policy.
(1) Restructuring and other, net includes $0.8 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 5 people in Semiconductor Test and $(0.4) million credit related to early exit of previously impaired leased facilities in Westford and North Reading, Massachusetts.
(2) Restructuring and other, net includes $0.3 million of severance charges related to headcount reductions of approximately 2 people in Semiconductor Test and $0.7 million related to pension settlement charges.
(3) Restructuring and other, net includes $1.4 million of charges related to the acquisition of LitePoint.
(4) Restructuring and other, net includes $0.5 million of charges related to pension settlement and $3.3 million to the acquisition of LitePoint.
(5) In the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2011, the change in recognizing pension and postretirement benefit plans expense, as a result of the mark-to-market adjustments, decreased gross profit and net income by $2.4 million and $6.1 million, respectively. See Note B: “Accounting Policies” for a discussion of our accounting policy.
Item 9:
Item 9: Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure
None.
Item 9A:
Item 9A: Controls and procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that material information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, including ensuring that such material information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2012.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included under Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Item 9B:
Item 9B: Other Information
None.
PART III
Item 10:
Item 10: Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, committee information, reports and charters, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 21, 2013. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein. Also see “Item 1: Business-Our Executive Officers.”
Item 11:
Item 11: Executive Compensation.
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 21, 2013. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein.
Item 12:
Item 12: Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 21, 2013. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein. Also see “Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Equity Compensation Plans.”
Item 13:
Item 13: Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Certain information relating to our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 21, 2013. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein.
Item 14:
Item 14: Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
Certain information relating to audit fees and other of Teradyne’s independent registered public accounting firm is incorporated by reference herein from our definitive proxy statement in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 21, 2013. The proxy statement will be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year. For this purpose, the Audit Committee Report included in such proxy statement is specifically not incorporated herein.
PART IV
Item 15:
Item 15: Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
15(a)(1) Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statements are included in Item 8:
15(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedule
The following consolidated financial statement schedule is included in Item 15(c):
Schedule II-Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Schedules other than those listed above have been omitted since they are either not required or information is otherwise included.
15(a)(3) Listing of Exhibits
The Exhibits which are filed with this report or which are incorporated by reference herein are set forth in the Exhibit Index.
15(c) Financial Statement Schedules
TERADYNE, INC.
SCHEDULE II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
EXHIBIT INDEX
The following designated exhibits are, as indicated below, either filed herewith or have heretofore been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are referred to and incorporated by reference to such filings.
 -Confidential treatment granted.
 -Confidential treatment requested.
* -Management contract or compensatory plan.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized this 1st day of March, 2013.
TERADYNE, INC.
By:
/S/ GREGORY R. BEECHER
Gregory R. Beecher,
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.