ITEM 1.
BUSINESS
ORGANIZATION WITHIN THE LAST FIVE YEARS
On May 7, 2010, the Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada. We are engaged in the business of acquisition, exploration and development of natural resource properties.
Filomena Gencarelli has served as our sole Director, President and Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Treasurer, from May 7, 2010, through the date of filing of this Form 10-K.
We are authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, and 25,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $.001 per share. On September 30, 2010, we issued 2,000,000 shares of common stock to our sole officer and director. Said issuance was paid at a purchase price of the par value per share or a total of $2,000. We hold our cash in bank accounts located in Australia.
On July 6, 2010 we entered into a Mineral Property Option Agreement whereby we have the right to acquire a 100% interest in Exploration License 80/3757, located in Halls Creek Shire, in the Kimberly region of Western Australia and known as the Halls Creek Property. The option agreement requires us to make an initial cash payment of AUD$7,000 (US$7,703), which we paid on July 6, 2010. The option agreement has an exercise price of approximately two hundred thousand AUD$200,000 (US$208,840) cash to be paid if exercised by the Company. We retained a consulting geologist to prepare an evaluation report on the prospects. We intend to conduct exploratory activities on the claim and if feasible, develop the prospects.
IN GENERAL
We are an exploration stage company engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties. We currently hold an option to acquire for AUD$200,000 (US$208,840) a 100% undivided interest in Exploration License E 80/3757 located in Halls Creek Shire, in the Kimberly region of Western Australia and known as the Halls Creek Property. We are currently conducting mineral exploration activities on the Halls Creek Property in order to assess whether it contains any commercially exploitable mineral reserves. Currently there are no known mineral reserves on the Halls Creek Property.
Since our inception, we have not earned any revenues to date and our accumulated losses are $37,674 at February 29, 2012. Our independent auditor has issued an audit opinion which includes a statement expressing substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. The source of information contained in this discussion is our geology report prepared by Gregory Curnow, B. SC (Geology), M AusIMM, dated October 7, 2010.
While we intend to test for commercially viable reserves of gold, tin-tungsten and other rare earths, there is the likelihood of our mineral claim containing little or no economic mineralization or reserves of gold and other minerals. We are presently in the exploration stage of our business and we can provide no assurance that any commercially viable mineral deposits exist on our mineral claims, that we will discover commercially exploitable levels of mineral resources on our property, or, if such deposits are discovered, that we will enter into further substantial exploration programs. Further exploration is required before a final determination can be made as to whether our mineral claims possess commercially exploitable mineral deposits. If our claim does not contain any reserves all funds that we spend on exploration will be lost.
We have no current plans, proposals or arrangements, written or otherwise, to seek a business combination with another entity in the near future.
POTENTIAL ACQUISITION OF THE HALLS CREEK PROPERTY
On July 6, 2010, we purchased an option to acquire a 100% undivided interest in a mineral claim known as Exploration License 80/3757 located in Halls Creek Shire, in the Kimberly region of Western Australia and known as the Halls Creek Property, for a price of AUD$7,000 (US$7,703). The mineral claim underlying the option was granted by the Department of Mines and Petroleum, Western Australia, on July 16, 2010.
We engaged Gregory Curnow, B. SC (Geology). M AusIMM, to prepare a geological evaluation report on the Halls Creek Property. Mr. Curnow is a consulting professional geologist and Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining & Metallurgy. Mr. Curnow attended Monash University, Melbourne, Australia and graduated in 1986 with a Bachelor of Science degree in geology.
The work completed by Mr. Curnow in preparing the geological report consisted of a review of geological data from previous exploration within the region. The acquisition of this data involved the research and investigation of historical files to locate and retrieve data information acquired by previous exploration companies in the area of the mineral claims.
We received the geological evaluation report on the Halls Creek Property entitled "Evaluation Report, E 80/3757, Western Australia" prepared by Mr. Curnow on October 7, 2010. The geological report summarizes the results of the history of the exploration of the mineral claims, the regional and local geology of the mineral claims and the mineralization and the geological formations identified as a result of the prior exploration. The geological report also gives conclusions regarding potential mineralization of the mineral claims and recommends a further geological exploration program on the mineral claims. The description of the Halls Creek Property provided below is based on Mr. Curnow’s report.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
The property on which the Company has an option is the Halls Creek Property which is comprised of one located mineral claim, Exploration License E 80/3757. The Halls Creek Property is in the Day Dawn district of the Murchison Mineral Fields approximately 550 kilometers north north-east of Perth. The nearest towns are the mining centers of Cue 25 kilometers to the north and Mt. Magnet 50 kilometers to the south.
PHYSIOGRAPHY, CLIMATE, VEGETATION & WATER
The nearest town is the mining and pastoral centre of Halls Creek 83 kilometers to the north-east (see Fig 1). The Kimberley region is a semi-arid region with a monsoonal climate with the wet season running from November to mid April. Temperatures in summer average 37 degrees C (99 degrees F) and the humidity is commonly over 90%.
The Halls Creek Property is located 30 kilometers south of the Great Northern Highway, the major road of the Kimberley region, and is serviced by unsealed minor roads. The terrain is open scrubland criss-crossed by a number of perennial streams that only flow in the wet season and the main land use is cattle farming.
Fieldwork in the Kimberley is usually scheduled for the dry season between April and December.
The license was granted to George Lee on August 8, 2007 for a period of five years and covers approximately 324 hectares. Mr. Lee is the third party with whom we have entered into our Mineral Property Option Agreement.
Figure 1: Location Plan
PROPERTY HISTORY
There is no prior mining exploration activity for the property to which our Mineral Property Option Agreement relates.
REGIONAL GEOLOGY
The region falls within the Halls Creek Proterozoic Mobile Zone that is folded about the edge of the Kimberly craton, which is also Proterozoic in age (see Fig 2). The Halls Creek Zone consists of moderately to highly deformed rocks of the Halls Creek Group which is broken up into:
• Olympio Formation
• Biscay Formation
• Saunders Creek Formation
• Ding Dong Downs Volcanics
Deformation of the Hall Creek Zone has included tight sub-isoclinal to isoclinals folding with associated regional faulting. Both the folding and faulting is parallel to the Kimberley craton edge and generally trending to the north north-east. O
Only the Olympio and Biscay Formation occur in the area.
Olympio Formation
The Olympio Formation consists mainly of a sequence of turbidite and deep water sediments with a basal sequence of acid to intermediate volcanic interbedded with tuffaceous and lithic sediments. Metamorphism is generally greenschist to amphibolite facies.
Biscay Formation
The Biscay Formation is a sequence of basic volcanics rocks generally basalts, dolerites and gabbroic intrusives interbedded with turbiditic sediments. Metamorphism is generally greenschist to amphibolite facies.
Figure 2: Regional Geology of the Kimberley (Tyler 02)
Local Geology
Locally the area of the Mt. Dockrell goldfield is made up of a sequence of basic volcanics, felsic volcanics and sediments which are part of the Halls Creek Group. E 80/3757 consists of both the Olympio and Biscay Formations with the contact between the two trending north north-east suggesting it is fault related.
Mineralization
Gold mineralization in the Mt. Dockrell area is generally associated with both copper and lead, and there are 5 known types of mineralization, as follows:
1. Gold-galena in quartz filled axial plane shears and fractures.
2. Gold-arsenopyrite-chalcopyrite stratabound deposits.
3. Gold-tourmaline quartz veins.
4. Chalcopyrite-galena quartz veins.
5. Copper in quartz-calcite-epidote altered zones.
Both disseminated and vein hosted tin-tungsten mineralization is known in the area and is associated with a quartzite unit in the Butchers Gully member (part of the Biscay Formation) and is exposed by a large south plunging anticline. The quartzite unit is lithologically mixed and consists of bands of magnetite, epidote, tourmaline, and manganese rich quartzite with minor bands of amphibolite and pelite.
The scheelite appears to be formed through preferential metasomatism of psammitic horizons in the quartzite and is associated with secondary epidote and less generally with fluorite, tourmaline, apatite and zircon.
Figure 3: Geology Plan of the Mt. Dockrell Goldfield
EXPLORATION POTENTIAL
Though there are no known occurrences of mineralization on E 80/3757, we believe that the exploration potential of project area will contain occurrences of mineralization, based on the substantial past exploration and the known, widespread occurrence of gold and tin-tungsten mineralization in the area and the local geology.
With a major fault splay passing through the license and a large portion of the contact between the Biscay volcanics and the Olympio Formation also being included in the license and the lack of modern exploration techniques, especially geophysics, being carried out in the area the potential for discovery in the area is high.
The tin-tungsten mineralization highlights the presence of a granitoid body that does not outcrop in the area suggesting that it is located at a shallow depth increasing the potential for more tin-tungsten mineralization to be found below the surface.
CONDITIONS TO RETAIN TITLE TO THE CLAIM
State and local regulations will require a yearly maintenance fee to keep the claim to Halls Creek Property in good standing. Yearly maintenance fees of AUD$10,000 (US$10,605) payable to the Department of Mines and Petroleum Western Australia, are payable prior to the anniversary of the claim to keep the claim in good standing for an additional year.
COMPETITIVE CONDITIONS
The mineral exploration business is an extremely competitive industry. We are competing with many other exploration companies looking for minerals. We are a very early stage mineral exploration company and a very small participant in the mineral exploration business. Being a junior mineral exploration company, we compete with other companies like ours for financing and joint venture partners. Additionally, we compete for resources such as professional geologists, camp staff, helicopters and mineral exploration supplies.
GOVERNMENT APPROVALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
We will be required to comply with all regulations, rules and directives of governmental authorities and agencies applicable to the exploration of minerals in Australia and the state of Western Australia.
COSTS AND EFFECTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
We currently have no costs to comply with environmental laws concerning our exploration program. We will also have to sustain the cost of reclamation and environmental remediation for all work undertaken which causes sufficient surface disturbance to necessitate reclamation work. Both reclamation and environmental remediation refer to putting disturbed ground back as close to its original state as possible. Other potential pollution or damage must be cleaned-up and renewed along standard guidelines outlined in the usual permits. Reclamation is the process of bringing the land back to a natural state after completion of exploration activities. Environmental remediation refers to the physical activity of taking steps to remediate, or remedy, any environmental damage caused, i.e. refilling trenches after sampling or cleaning up fuel spills. Our initial programs do not require any reclamation or remediation other than minor clean up and removal of supplies because of minimal disturbance to the ground. The amount of these costs is not known at this time as we do not know the extent of the exploration program we will undertake, beyond completion of the recommended three phases described in the chart below. Because there is presently no information on the size, tenor, or quality of any resource or reserve at this time, it is impossible to assess the impact of any capital expenditures on our earnings or competitive position in the event a potentially economic deposit is discovered.
EMPLOYEES
We currently have no employees other than our directors. We intend to retain the services of geologists, prospectors and consultants on a contract basis to conduct the exploration programs on our mineral claims and to assist with regulatory compliance and preparation of financial statements.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.
ITEM 1B.
ITEM 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES
Our current business address is 492 Gilbert Road, West Preston, Victoria 3072, Australia. Our telephone number is +61 (3) 9605-3907.
We believe that this space is adequate for our current needs.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not currently involved in any legal proceedings and we are not aware of any pending or potential legal actions.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
None.
PART II
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS MARKET INFORMATION
Our shares of our common stock have never been quoted on any exchange or the over-the-counter market.
TRANSFER AGENT
The company is the registrar of its own securities and does not have a transfer agent.
HOLDERS
As of May 28, 2012, the Company had 3,160,000 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding held by 10 holders of record.
DIVIDENDS
Historically, we have not paid any dividends to the holders of our common stock and we do not expect to pay any such dividends in the foreseeable future as we expect to retain our future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business.
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
None.
SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS
We have not established any compensation plans under which equity securities are authorized for issuance.
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE REGISTRANT AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
We did not purchase any of our shares of common stock or other securities during the year ended February 29, 2012.
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We have generated no revenues since inception and have incurred $37,485 in operating expenses from inception through February 29, 2012. These expenses were comprised of $27,221 in professional fees, $7,703 of mining costs, and $2,561 in office and general costs. We incurred net losses of $27,892 and $9,782 for the years ended February 29, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our net loss since inception (May 7, 2010) through February 29, 2012 was $37,674. The following table provides selected financial data about our company for the years ended February 29, 2012 and 2011.
GOING CONCERN
Penola, Inc. is an exploration stage company and currently has no operations. Our independent auditor has issued an audit opinion for Penola, Inc. which includes a statement raising substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our cash balance at February 29, 2012 was $684 with $7,169 in outstanding liabilities. Total expenditures over the next 12 months are expected to be approximately $230,508. If we experience a shortage of funds prior to generating revenues from operations we may utilize funds from our directors, who have informally agreed to advance funds to allow us to pay for operating costs, however they have no formal commitment, arrangement or legal obligation to advance or loan funds to us. Management believes our current cash balance will not be sufficient to fund our operations for the next six months.
PLAN OF OPERATION
Our plan of operation for the twelve months following the date of this prospectus is to complete the first and second of the three phases of the exploration program on our prospects. In addition to the $210,508 we anticipate spending for the first two phases of the exploration program as outlined below, we anticipate spending an additional $20,000 on general and administration expenses including fees payable in connection with complying with our reporting obligations, and general administrative costs. Total expenditures over the next 12 months are therefore expected to be approximately $230,508. We will experience a shortage of funds prior to funding and we may utilize funds from our president, however they have no formal commitment, arrangement or legal obligation to advance or loan funds to the company.
We plan to commence Phase 1 of the exploration program on the claim in summer 2012. We expect this phase to take two weeks to complete and an additional one to two months for the geologist to prepare his report.
The above program costs are management’s estimates based upon the recommendations of the professional geologist’s report and the actual project costs may exceed our estimates. To date, we have not commenced exploration.
Following phase one of the exploration program, if it proves successful in identifying mineral deposits, we intend to proceed with phase two of our exploration program. Subject to the results of phase 1, we anticipate commencing with phase 2 in fall 2012. We will require additional funding to proceed with phase 3 work on the claim; we have no current plans on how to raise the additional funding. We cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to raise sufficient funds to proceed with any work after the first two phases of the exploration program.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.
ITEM 7A.
ITEM 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.
ITEM 8.
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PENOLA INC.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
February 29, 2012
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors
Penola Inc. (An Exploration Stage Company)
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Penola Inc. (An Exploration Stage Company) as of February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011, and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the year ended February 29, 2012, and for the period from May 7, 2010 (inception) through February 29, 2011, and for the period from May 7, 2010 (inception) through February 29, 2012. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Penola Inc. (An Exploration Stage Company) as of February 29, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods described above in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company suffered a net loss from operations and has a net capital deficiency, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans regarding those matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ M&K CPAS, PLLC
www.mkacpas.com
Houston, Texas
May 30, 2012
PENOLA INC.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
BALANCE SHEETS
- See Accompanying Notes -
PENOLA INC.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
- See Accompanying Notes -
PENOLA INC.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
- See Accompanying Notes -
PENOLA INC.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM MAY 7, 2010 (INCEPTION) TO FEBRUARY 29, 2012
- See Accompanying Notes -
PENOLA INC.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FEBRUARY 29, 2012
NOTE 1 - NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Penola Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on May 7, 2010, and its year-end is February 28. The Company is an exploration stage company and is currently seeking new business opportunities.
Going concern
These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The Company has incurred losses since inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $37,674 at February 29, 2012 and further losses are anticipated in the development of its business raising substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Its ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the ability of the Company to generate profitable operations in the future and/or to obtain the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. Management has plans to seek additional capital through a private placement of its common stock or further director loans as needed. These financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets, or the amounts of and classification of liabilities that might be necessary in the event the Company cannot continue.
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation
These financial statements are presented in United States dollars and have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of six months or less to be cash equivalents
Use of estimates and assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences, future results may be affected. Estimates used in preparing these financial statements include the carrying value of the equipment, deferred income tax amounts, rates and timing of the reversal of income tax differences.
Mineral property costs
The Company has been in the exploration stage since its formation on May 7, 2010 and has not yet realized any revenues from its planned operations. It is primarily engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mining properties. Mineral property acquisition and exploration costs are charged to operations as incurred. When it has been determined that a mineral property can be economically developed as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves, the costs incurred to develop such property, are capitalized. Such costs will be amortized using the units-of-production method over the estimated life of the probable reserve.
Loss per common share
Basic earnings per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Dilutive earnings per share reflect the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of the Company. Because the Company does not have any potentially dilutive securities, diluted loss per share is equal to the basic loss per share.
Comprehensive Loss
For all periods presented, the Company has no items that represent a comprehensive loss and, therefore, has not included a statement of comprehensive loss in these financial statements.
Financial instruments
The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments consisting of cash, accounts payable, and amounts due to related party approximate their carrying values due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.. The Company operates in Australia and therefore is exposed to foreign exchange risk. It is management's opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest or credit risks arising from these financial instruments.
Income taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided for tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of asset and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. The Company uses the liability method to account for income taxes, which requires deferred taxes to be recorded at the statutory rate expected to being in effect when the taxes are paid. Valuation allowances are provided for a deferred tax asset when it is more likely than not that such asset will not be realized.
Management evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The evaluation of a tax position includes a determination of whether a tax position should be recognized in the financial statements, and such a position should only be recognized if the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities, based upon the technical merits of the position. For those tax positions that should be recognized, the measurement of a tax position is determined as being the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Stock-based compensation
The Company has not adopted a stock option plan and therefore has not granted any stock options. Accordingly, no stock-based compensation has been recorded to date.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated to their United States dollar equivalents using foreign exchange rates which prevailed at the balance sheet date. Expenses are translated at average rates of exchange during the period. Related translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity, whereas gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in results of operations.
Exploration Stage Company
The Company complies with Financial Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 915 and Securities and Exchange Commission Act Guide 7 for its characterization of the Company as an exploration stage enterprise.
Basic and diluted net Income (loss) per share
The Company computes net income (loss) per share in accordance with ASC 260, "Earnings per Share" which requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) on the face of the income statement. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period including stock options, using the treasury stock method, and convertible preferred stock, using the if-converted method. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential common shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.
Fair value of financial instruments
The Company adopted ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements” ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The three levels are defined as follows:
Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair measurement. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest.
The following table presents the Company’s assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value on a recurring basis as of February 29, 2012 and 2011:
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2010-09, “Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements” (“ASU 2010-09”), which is included in the FASB Accounting Standards CodificationTM ( the “ASC”) Topic 855 (Subsequent Events). ASU 2010-09 clarifies that an SEC filer is required to evaluate subsequent events through the date that the financial statements are issued. ASU 2010-09 is effective upon the issuance of the final update and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Other pronouncements issued by the FASB or other authoritative accounting standards groups with future effective dates are either not applicable or are not expected to be significant to the financial statements of the Company.
In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2011-08, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment. The guidance in ASU 2011-08 is intended to reduce complexity and costs by allowing an entity the option to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment to determine whether it should calculate the fair value of a reporting unit. The amendments also improve previous guidance by expanding upon the examples of events and circumstances that an entity should consider between annual impairment tests in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Also, the amendments improve the examples of events and circumstances that an entity having a reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount should consider in determining whether to measure an impairment loss, if any, under the second step of the goodwill impairment test. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted, including for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed as of a date before September 15, 2011, if an entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. ASU 2011-05 will become effective for the Company on December 1, 2012. This guidance eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. In addition, items of other comprehensive income that are reclassified to profit or loss are required to be presented separately on the face of the financial statements. This guidance is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements by requiring that such amounts be presented either in a single continuous statement of income and comprehensive income or separately in consecutive statements of income and comprehensive income. The adoption of ASU 2011-05 is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”, which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. This guidance amends certain accounting and disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. Additional disclosure requirements in the update include: (1) for Level 3 fair value measurements, quantitative information about unobservable inputs used, a description of the valuation processes used by the entity, and a qualitative discussion about the sensitivity of the measurements to changes in the unobservable inputs; (2) for an entity’s use of a nonfinancial asset that is different from the asset’s highest and best use, the reason for the difference; (3) for financial instruments not measured at fair value but for which disclosure of fair value is required, the fair value hierarchy level in which the fair value measurements were determined; and (4) the disclosure of all transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. ASU 2011-04 will become effective for the Company on December 1, 2012. We are currently evaluating ASU 2011-04 and have not yet determined the impact that adoption will have on our financial statements.
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, “Receivables (Topic 310): A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring”. This amendment explains which modifications constitute troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”). Under the new guidance, the definition of a troubled debt restructuring remains essentially unchanged, and for a loan modification to be considered a TDR, certain basic criteria must still be met. For public companies, the new guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and applies retrospectively to restructuring occurring on or after the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. ASU 2011-02 has become effective for the Company on September 1, 2012. The Company does not believe that the guidance will have a material impact on its financial statements.
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Disclosure of supplementary pro forma information for business combinations.” This update changes the disclosure of pro forma information for business combinations. These changes clarify that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. Also, the existing supplemental pro forma disclosures were expanded to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU; however, we do not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-28, “Intangible -Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): When to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts.” This update requires an entity to perform all steps in the test for a reporting unit whose carrying value is zero or negative if it is more likely than not (more than 50%) that a goodwill impairment exists based on qualitative factors, resulting in the elimination of an entity’s ability to assert that such a reporting unit’s goodwill is not impaired and additional testing is not necessary despite the existence of qualitative factors that indicate otherwise. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU; however, we do not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. ASU 2011-05 will become effective for the Company on December 1, 2012. This guidance eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. In addition, items of other comprehensive income that are reclassified to profit or loss are required to be presented separately on the face of the financial statements. This guidance is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements by requiring that such amounts be presented either in a single continuous statement of income and comprehensive income or separately in consecutive statements of income and comprehensive income. The adoption of ASU 2011-05 is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In April 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-18 regarding improving comparability by eliminating diversity in practice about the treatment of modifications of loans accounted for within pools under Subtopic 310-30 - Receivable - Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (“Subtopic 310-30”). Furthermore, the amendments clarify guidance about maintaining the integrity of a pool as the unit of accounting for acquired loans with credit deterioration. Loans accounted for individually under Subtopic 310-30 continue to be subject to the troubled debt restructuring accounting provisions within Subtopic 310-40, Receivables-Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors. The amendments in this Update are effective for modifications of loans accounted for within pools under Subtopic 310-30 occurring in the first interim or annual period ending on or after July 15, 2010. The amendments are to be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In April 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-13, "Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Effect of Denominating the Exercise Price of a Share-Based Payment Award in the Currency of the Market in Which the Underlying Equity Security Trades (A consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)" (“ASU 2010-13”). ASU 2010-13 clarifies that a share-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entity’s equity securities trades should not be considered to contain a condition that is not a market, performance, or service condition. Therefore, such an award should not be classified as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. This clarification of existing practice is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early application permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU; however, we do not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In February 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-09 regarding subsequent events and amendments to certain recognition and disclosure requirements. Under this ASU, a public company that is a SEC filer, as defined, is not required to disclose the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated. This ASU is effective upon the issuance of this ASU. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
NOTE 3 - MINERAL PROPERTY
On July 6, 2010 the Company entered into an Option Agreement to acquire a 100% undivided legal, beneficial and register-able interest in an Exploration License E 80/3757 located in Halls Creek Shire in Western Australia. The option period is for two years from the effective date of the Agreement. Initial cash consideration is AU$7,000 (paid) upon signing the agreement. The exercise price of the option is AUD$200,000 cash at the time the notice of exercise of option is sent to the Owner.
At February 29, 2012, accumulated costs totalled $7,703. These costs have been expensed in a prior period.
NOTE 4 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In the prior year, the Company issued 2,000,000 common shares at $0.001 per share to the Company's President for cash proceeds of $2,000. At February 29, 2012, the Company owed $7,169 to the president and the director of the Company for funds advanced. This amount is unsecured, bears no interest and is payable on demand. Interest of $189 was imputed on the for the year February 29, 2012.
Related party transactions are measured at the exchange amount which is the amount agreed upon by the related parties.
NOTE 5 - INCOME TAXES
At February 29, 2012, the Company has estimated tax loss carry forwards for tax purpose of approximately $29,782, which expire by 2032. These amounts may be applied against future taxable income. Future tax benefits which may arise as a result of theses losses have not been recognized in these financial statements, as their realization has not been determined to be more likely than not to occur.
The actual income tax provisions differ from the expected amounts calculated by applying the statutory income tax rate to the Company’s loss before income taxes. The components of these differences are as follows:
The Company has not filed income tax returns since inception in the United States. Both taxing authorities prescribe penalties for failing to file certain tax returns and supplemental disclosure. Upon filing there could be penalties an interest assessed. Such penalties vary by jurisdiction and by assessing practices and authorities. As the Company has incurred losses since inception there would be no known or anticipated exposure to penalties for income tax liability. However, certain jurisdictions may assess penalties for failing to file returns and other disclosures and for failing to file other supplemental information associated with foreign ownership, debt and equity position. Inherent uncertainties arise over tax positions taken with respect to transfer pricing, related party transactions, tax credits, tax based incentives and stock based transactions. Management has considered the likelihood and significance of possible penalties associated with its current and intended filing positions and has determined, based on their assessment, that such penalties, if any, would not be expected to be material.
NOTE 6 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has evaluated subsequent events as at May 29, 2012 for potential recognition and disclosure in the financial statements and has determined there are none to be disclosed. This date represents the date the financial statements are issued.
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9A.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, we are responsible for conducting an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our internal controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this report. Disclosure controls and procedures means that the material information required to be included in our Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms relating to our company, including any consolidating subsidiaries, and was made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period when this report was being prepared. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded as of the evaluation date that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of February 29, 2012.
MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
As of February 29, 2012, management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP in the United States of America and includes those policies and procedures that:
·
Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of our assets;
·
Provide reasonable assurance our transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of our financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
·
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statement.
In evaluating the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework. Based on that evaluation, completed only by Filomena Gencarelli, our President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer and Director, who also serves as our principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, Ms. Gencarelli concluded that, during the period covered by this report, such internal controls and procedures were not effective to detect the inappropriate application of US GAAP rules as more fully described below.
This was due to deficiencies that existed in the design or operation of our internal controls over financial reporting that adversely affected our internal controls and that may be considered to be material weaknesses.
The matters involving internal controls and procedures that our management considered to be material weaknesses under the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board were: (i) lack of a functioning audit committee due to a lack of a majority of independent members and a lack of a majority of outside directors on our board of directors, resulting in ineffective oversight in the establishment and monitoring of required internal controls and procedures; (ii) inadequate segregation of duties consistent with control objectives; and (iii) ineffective controls over period end financial disclosure and reporting processes. The aforementioned material weaknesses were identified by our President, Chief Executive Officer, Secretary, Treasurer and Director, who also serves as our principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, in connection with the review of our financial statements as of February 29, 2012.
Management believes that the lack of a functioning audit committee and the lack of a majority of outside directors on our board of directors results in ineffective oversight in the establishment and monitoring of required internal controls and procedures, which could result in a material misstatement in our financial statements in future periods.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING.
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth quarter of the year ended February 29, 2012 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9B.
OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
PART III
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Our executive officer’s and director’s and their respective age’s as of February 29, 2012 are as follows:
The directors named above will serve until the next annual meeting of the stockholders or until their respective resignation or removal from office. Thereafter, directors are anticipated to be elected for one-year terms at the annual stockholders’ meeting. Officers will hold their positions at the pleasure of the Board of Directors, absent any employment agreement, of which none currently exists or is contemplated.
Set forth below is a brief description of the background and business experience of our executive officers and directors for the past five years.
FILOMENA GENCARELLI
Ms. Gencarelli has served as our President, Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and sole Director since our formation on May 7, 2010. Since 2001, Ms. Gencarelli has owned and operated Illura Corporate Services Limited, a company which provides corporate administrative and commercial services to various companies. As Principal of Illura, Ms. Gencarelli has been instrumental in working with local government and staff to restructure and multi-skill a number of private companies as well as providing advisory services for the structuring of mining resource companies. Ms. Gencarelli has had over 30 years experience in implementing motivational inductions and training programs, administration management and community development projects for companies. Ms. Gencarelli is a graduate of St Josephs Convent, Bunbury, Western Australia, where she earned a Leaving Certificate (tertiary entrance exam) 1965. In 1966, Ms. Gencarelli graduated from Bunbury Technical College, Western Australia, where she earned a Diploma in Administration and Business Practices in 1966.
Ms. Gencarelli’s background providing advisory services for the structuring of mining resource companies and what we believe to be her an excellent understanding of commercial imperatives have led to our conclusion that she should be serving as a member of our Board of Directors in light of our business and structure.
TERM OF OFFICE
All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. The Company’s Bylaws provide that the Board of Directors will consist of no less than three members. Officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Our board of directors is currently composed of one member, whom does not qualify as an independent director in accordance with the published listing requirements of the NASDAQ Global Market (the Company has no plans to list on the NASDAQ Global Market). The NASDAQ independence definition includes a series of objective tests, such as that the director is not, and has not been for at least three years, one of our employees and that neither the director, nor any of his family members has engaged in various types of business dealings with us. In addition, our board of directors has not made a subjective determination as to our director that no relationships exist which, in the opinion of our board of directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director, though such subjective determination is required by the NASDAQ rules. Had our board of directors made these determinations, our board of directors would have reviewed and discussed information provided by our director and us with regard to our director’s business and personal activities and relationships as they may relate to us and our management.
CERTAIN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
No director, nominee for director, or executive officer of the Company has appeared as a party in any legal proceeding material to an evaluation of his ability or integrity during the past five years.
SIGNIFICANT EMPLOYEES AND CONSULTANTS
Other than our officers and directors, we currently have no other significant employees.
AUDIT COMMITTEE AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Since we do not have an audit or compensation committee comprised of independent directors, the functions that would have been performed by such committees are performed by our directors. The Board of Directors has not established an audit committee and does not have an audit committee financial expert, nor has the Board of Directors established a nominating committee. The Board is of the opinion that such committees are not necessary since the Company is an early exploration stage company and has only two directors, and to date, such directors have been performing the functions of such committees. Thus, there is a potential conflict of interest in that our directors and officers have the authority to determine issues concerning management compensation, nominations, and audit issues that may affect management decisions.
There are no family relationships among our directors or officers. Other than as described above, we are not aware of any other conflicts of interest with any of our executive officers or directors.
SECTION 16(A) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires our executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of our equity securities, file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. Executive officers, directors and greater-than-ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish us with all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based on our review of filings made on the SEC website, and the fact of us not receiving certain forms or written representations from certain reporting persons that they have complied with the relevant filing requirements, we believe that, during the year ended February 29, 2012, our executive officers, directors and greater-than-ten percent stockholders complied have with all Section 16(a) filing requirements.
CODE OF ETHICS
The Company has not adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officers, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. The Company has not adopted a code of ethics because it has only commenced operations.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following tables set forth certain information about compensation paid, earned or accrued for services by our Chief Executive Officer and all other executive officers (collectively, the “Named Executive Officers”) in the fiscal years ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011:
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
The table below summarizes all compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to our Officers for all services rendered in all capacities to us as of the year ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011.
(1) President and Chief Executive Officer, Secretary, Treasurer and Director.
None of our directors have received monetary compensation since our inception to the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We currently do not pay any compensation to our directors serving on our board of directors.
STOCK OPTION GRANTS
We have not granted any stock options to the executive officers since our inception. Upon the further development of our business, we will likely grant options to directors and officers consistent with industry standards for junior mineral exploration companies.
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
The Company is not a party to any employment agreement and has no compensation agreement with its sole officer and director, Filomena Gencarelli.
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth director compensation as of February 29, 2012:
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table lists, as of February 29, 2012, the number of shares of common stock of our Company that are beneficially owned by (i) each person or entity known to our Company to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding common stock; (ii) each officer and director of our Company; and (iii) all officers and directors as a group. Information relating to beneficial ownership of common stock by our principal shareholders and management is based upon information furnished by each person using “beneficial ownership” concepts under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Under these rules, a person is deemed to be a beneficial owner of a security if that person has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or direct the voting of the security, or investment power, which includes the power to vote or direct the voting of the security. The person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any security of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days. Under the Securities and Exchange Commission rules, more than one person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the same securities, and a person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of securities as to which he or she may not have any pecuniary beneficial interest. Except as noted below, each person has sole voting and investment power.
The percentages below are calculated based on 3,160,000 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding as of February 29, 2012. We do not have any outstanding warrant, options or other securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of our common stock.
(1) Unless otherwise noted, the address of each person or entity listed is, c/o Penola, Inc., 492 Gilbert Road, West Preston, Victoria 3072, Australia.
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
None.
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
For the year ended February 29, 2012 the total fees charged to the company for audit services, including quarterly reviews were $6,600, for audit-related services were $0 and for tax services and other services were $0 and $0, respectively.
PART IV
ITEM 15.
ITEM 15.
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
(a) The following Exhibits, as required by Item 601 of Regulation SK, are attached or incorporated by reference, as stated below.
__________
* Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Form S-1 (File No. 333-175529), filed with the Commission on July 13, 2011.
** XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.
SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PENOLA, INC.
(Name of Registrant)
Date: May 30, 2012
By:
/s/ Filomena Gencarelli
Filomena Gencarelli
President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer (and principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)
EXHIBIT INDEX
_________
* Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Form S-1 (file no. 333-175529), filed with the Commission on July 13, 2011.
** XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.